,transcriber's ,note ,italic text displayed as3 italic ,bradley's ,standard ,fertilizers ,,for ,,all ,,crops4 ,illustration3 small flower ,bradley's ,superphosphate4 ,bradley's ,potato ,manure4 ,,bd ,sea-,fowl ,guano4 ,farmer's ,new ,method ,fertilizer4 ,bradley's ,complete ,manure for ,vegetables4 ,bradley's ,complete ,manure for ,grain4 ,bradley's ,complete ,manure for ,grass4 ,bradley's ,high ,grade ,tobacco ,manure4 ,bradley's ,ground ,bone and ,potash4 ,bradley's ,fruit and ,vine ,fertilizer4 ,english ,lawn ,fertilizer4 ,pure ,fine ,ground ,bone and ,bone ,meal1 ,etc4 ,illustration3 small flower ,,bradley ,,fertilizer ,,company',s ,,publications4 ,,bradley',s ,,american ,,farmer1 ,illustrated4 ,a concise treatise on growing all farm crops4 ,,tobacco1 ,illustrated4 ,how to grow1 cure and market cigar wrapper tobacco4 ,,bradley',s ,,florida ,,book1 ,illustrated4 ,a treatise on growing ,florida crops1 and a description of our fertilizers prepared especially for that trade4 ,,the ,,lawn ,,and ,,garden4 ,hints on how to secure and keep a beautiful lawn and a flourishing garden4 ,,the ,,cranberry1 ,illustrated4 ,suggestions as to the preparation of bogs and selection of berries1 modes of cultivation1 picking1 shipping1 c4 ,any of the above publications sent free upon request to ,bradley ,fertilizer ,company1 ,boston1 ,mass4 ,branch ,offices3 ,rochester1 ,n4 ,y4 ,augusta1 ,ga4 ,the ,cranberry ,,published ,,by ,,bradley ,,fertilizer ,,co4 ,,boston ,illustration3 ,,picking ,,cranberries ,,on ,,the ,,old ,,colony ,,co4',s ,,cranberry ,,bog ,,at ,,south ,,yarmouth1 ,,mass4 ,,west ,,dennis1 ,mass41 ,oct4 #ai1 #ahia4 ,having had the superintendency of preparing and setting to vines what is called the 8,old ,colony cranberry bog10 which contains about #be acres1 ,i have had occasion to use the different kinds of commercial fertilizers sold on the market1 and of them all ,i now use the ,bradley4 ,it has proved a great help in starting our new vines1 giving them a vigorous growth and bringing the bog into bearing much earlier than would have been the case had ,bradley's fertilizer not been applied4 ,we think very highly of your fertilizer1 and recommend its use by cranberry-growers generally4 ,the photograph you have of our cranberry bog will give some idea of what we are doing4 ,,reuben ,,baker1 ,sup't4 ,r4 ,a4 ,,baker1 ,treas4 ,copyrighted by ,bradley ,fertiliser ,co41 #ahib4 ,the ,cranberry4 ,this book is not intended to be a scientific or elaborate treatise upon the ,cranberry1 but rather a book of practical suggestions1 and a summary of helpful hints that may prove of benefit to those who undertake to grow this fruit4 ,the methods of growing ,cranberries vary with localities and growers1 and are undoubtedly in an experimental state at the present time4 ,the original ,cranberry grower was the owner of some wild and uncultivated patch where1 in a natural condition1 the berries 7receiving no attention until picking time7 were gathered 8at halves10 meeting little or no market beyond the limits of the locality in which they grew4 ,the modern grower has found the application of improved methods of cultivation and fertilization to pay liberally with the ,cranberry1 as with every other crop1 and it should be his endeavor1 through all available methods1 to reduce the cost of growing and increase the yield of berries per acre1 giving special attention to such culture as may the better secure the keeping quality of the fruit4 ,in order to do this1 the grower may have to lay aside his preconceived notions as to the best methods of growing and fertilization1 and possibly even discard some which have in years past been approved by leading growers4 ,by a careful selection of varieties best adapted to each particular locality1 or frequently by a larger increase in the depth of sand upon the bog1 and then by the greatest care in all that pertains to the picking and packing of the fruit1 he will be enabled to maintain for the ,cape berries a foremost reputation as 8keepers0 among those who handle this valuable crop4 ,too little attention has heretofore been paid to this essential feature1 and quantity rather than quality has been sought4 ,when secured1 the berries1 as a general thing1 are hurriedly packed at the bog1 usually warm from the vines1 and so1 oft-times1 they are almost ruined before reaching a market4 ,this practice is largely responsible for the prejudice of some dealers against ,cape berries4 ,again1 improved methods of cultivation by which an increased production1 with improved quality1 may be secured1 are certainly desirable to every individual grower2 though the present enormous crop would hardly seem to warrant a larger acreage1 yet1 at the same time1 it behooves every grower to make as productive as possible 7in view of the great expenditure7 each acre already under cultivation4 ,the matter here presented is the result of thorough investigation into the methods of cultivation as practised by the most successful growers1 and we believe it presents facts to the grower which will prove well worthy of his careful attention4 ,,bradley ,,fertilizer ,,co4 ,,the ,,bog4 ,it is popularly supposed that the ,cranberry flourishes upon ,cape ,cod because of the salt sea sand of which the ,cape is so largely composed4 ,this theory1 however1 is erroneous1 as it has been proved that even on ,cape ,cod the ,cranberry will not flourish except under certain other favorable conditions4 ,the first inquiry1 then1 is1 ,what kind of land is preferable for a bog8 ,the best growers select a laurel1 maple1 or cedar swamp1 so situated that it can be easily flowed with water at any time when this may seem necessary4 ,they select a swamp in preference to a meadow1 because it is found in practice that a meadow always produces considerable coarse grass detrimental to the crop1 which does not grow in the swamps4 ,again1 it is proved that a swamp on which wood has grown has a better bottom than the average meadow1 as it is largely composed of decayed foliage1 which has for many years dropped from the trees1 and has gradually become a rich1 friable soil1 usually free from either weeds or grass4 ,some growers believe that it is not essential to have the bog so situated that it can be covered by water2 but1 while there are some very fine dry ,cranberry bogs of this description1 if an early frost or the fire-worm strikes the crop at a vital time1 it causes an entire failure1 which could have been prevented had there been a chance of promptly flowing the bog4 ,,how ,,to ,,prepare ,a ,,bog4 ,the ,cranberry bog is usually prepared in late fall1 winter1 or early spring1 when the ground is partially frozen1 as it is more easily cleared at this time1 and cheaper labor is obtainable4 ,the first step in preparing the bog is to mow off1 with a bush scythe1 all the small brush and undergrowth4 ,we are then ready to get rid of the trees4 ,experience has proved that the cheaper way is to cut the roots of the large trees1 and then by means of tackle1 in case they do not fall by their own weight1 pull them over to the ground4 ,this saves many days' labor1 which would be necessary if the trees were cut down above the ground and the stumps then dug out4 ,the refuse materials should be gathered into heaps1 and1 when dried1 burned upon the bog2 but great care is necessary in burning not to allow the moss and turf1 of which the bog is composed1 to get on fire2 for when once fairly started1 it is nearly impossible1 except by flowing the bog1 to extinguish the flames4 ,these first steps in clearing the bog must be done in the best possible manner1 preferably by day labor1 under the direct care of a watchful foreman1 as the ultimate success of the ,cranberry bog depends very largely upon the thoroughness with which all of the tree and bush roots are removed4 ,after the surface of the bog has been thoroughly cleaned off1 it is cut into squares1 about eighteen inches across1 by means of a turf-axe1 which is a thin1 hatchet-shaped bladed implement1 with a stout1 hickory handle1 about thirty inches long4 ,this axe is utilized for cutting the tough1 undergrowing roots1 sure to be found just below the surface of the soil4 ,the usual method is to cut across the bog in parallel lines eighteen inches apart1 and again at right angles in parallel lines in the same manner1 thus leaving the turf in square blocks about eighteen inches square4 ,two men with long-handled1 four-pronged bog-hooks follow the cutters1 pulling over the turf1 which1 after the ditching is finished1 should be chopped up1 and so rendered suitable for making the surface as smooth as possible1 when the work of final grading is completed4 ,we are now ready for ditching2 the manner and methods necessary to secure the best possible drainage being subject1 of course1 to such varied conditions as to render it difficult to describe4 ,but if there were but three essential features of special importance1 two of them would be drainage4 ,all of the ditches should be dug with flaring banks1 so as to prevent caving in of the sides of the ditch1 and thus making constant trouble4 ,a ditch1 in any case1 around the entire bog is an essential feature in drainage1 and to carry-off the cold surface water1 as well as a preventive of much difficulty in cultivation1 etc4 ,if the ditches are thoroughly well made they will need but little repairing or cleaning1 and here as elsewhere in preparing the bog the most careful attention on the part of the superintendent will prove the cheapest in the end4 ,after the ditches are completed1 the bog must be graded until it is as smooth and level as a lawn4 ,in grading the bog the levels must be run in such a manner that it can be easily flooded with water1 since sometimes it may be desirable to do this as expeditiously as possible1 and the necessary arrangements to do this should be provided at this time4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,north ,,harwich1 ,,mass41 ,oct4 #ai1 #ahia4 ,i have been in the habit of using ,bradley's ,fertilizer on my cranberry bogs for a number of years1 and consider it very beneficial4 ,it pushes the new vines along to a bearing condition much earlier than would be the case if left to depend on the natural strength of the soil1 and by covering the ground quicker with vines the grass and brush are not so likely to get a start4 ,it also does well on old vines1 increasing the crop1 and the size and quality of the berry4 ,last spring1 to my sorrow1 ,i neglected to apply this phosphate to my old bog1 and on gathering my crop this fall ,i found ,i had made a great mistake4 ,shall use it another year1 without fail4 ,,benj4 ,f4 ,,hall4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,harwichport1 ,,mass41 ,oct4 #ai1 #ahia4 ,i have used ,bradley's ,fertilizer for growing cranberries1 and find it very beneficial4 ,new vines come to bearing one year earlier by its use1 and grass and weeds are crowded out1 and do not get the foothold they are apt to where vines grow slowly1 and are a long while covering the ground4 ,cranberry growers in this section are finding it greatly to their interest to use ,bradley's ,fertilizer on their bogs1 both new and old4 ,about the #ast of ,june1 #ahia1 ,i put on #ajj pounds of ,bradley's ,fertilizer on about #fj rods of late vines1 set out #bj years ago4 ,on the other side of the ditch were #fj rods of vines1 the same age1 both done by the same man2 in other words1 the same conditions exactly1 except the ,fertilizer4 ,this year ,i gathered both pieces4 ,the piece to which ,i applied #ajj pounds of ,fertilizer yielded #h barrels of cranberries1 the other1 barely #a barrel4 ,e4 ,b4 ,,allen4 ,,the ,,dam4 ,a dam must be built at the lower end of the bog1 in such a manner as seems necessary from the location and force of the water running through the main ditch4 ,if the main ditch is a brook which carries a large amount of surplus water1 the dam must be very strongly and thoroughly built2 but if1 on the other hand1 it is simply a ditch filled by springs or small brooks found in the bog1 a simple dam can be thrown up at slight cost2 although care must be taken to make it strong enough1 so that the high water in winter or spring will not carry it away and leave the vines unprotected from the frost4 ,if the bog is of large size1 and a large amount of water is needed1 of course a larger and more substantial dam must be built4 ,the accompanying illustration gives a section of a turf dam1 preferably about fifteen feet wide at the bottom by ten feet at the top1 constructed of turf1 and sand or clay1 in such a manner as to be absolutely safe4 ,it will be seen that the walls slope from the foundation to the top1 and are composed outside of layers of turf1 so laid one upon the other that the joints are broken and a solid wall is made1 between which is filled in a mass of stone1 clay1 and sand1 thoroughly tamped down so as to make a firm structure in the centre of the dam4 ,at the end of the main ditch should be constructed a water-course or flume1 preferably of two-inch plank1 with a waste-gate that can be raised or lowered as the supply of water may be needed or allowed to run to waste4 ,this is simply made of plank1 with an oak joist for a lever1 which1 used as a pry1 easily opens the gate4 ,,the ,,sanding4 ,the sand used on a ,cranberry bog should be absolutely free from either clay or loam1 for if it contain either it will1 in the one case1 under the action of sun and water1 form a hard surface in which the vines will not thrive1 or in the other1 if there is much loam intermixed1 it will contain weed seeds1 which will prove a detriment to the bog4 ,sand can generally be found in the immediate vicinity of the bog1 and should preferably be coarse rather than fine in quality4 ,to spread the sand over the bog1 lay down a course of plank1 over which the sand can be wheeled in barrows and so dumped1 from this plank-walk1 as to make the level spreading thereof a matter of little labor2 shift the plank about four feet from that portion already covered1 and dump to right and left as before2 enough should be brought on to give an even coating of from four to five inches1 and it may be smoothed by a lawn rake1 or a leveller made of one-inch board1 about a foot and a half long1 by three or four inches wide1 with a rake handle fastened in the centre of the board4 ,when the sand has been evenly spread over the bog1 it is ready to be marked off4 ,this is generally done by using an improvised rake or 8marker10 made of a piece of #b by #d inch joist1 seven to ten feet long1 with white-oak teeth eight inches long1 set eighteen inches apart1 the whole finished with a handle for easy working4 ,this rake is usually run parallel with some straight ditch1 or along one side of a bog in a straight line1 so that when set in vines it may present a uniform appearance4 ,but as1 in the case of corn1 8more grows in crooked rows than straight ones10 this may be left to taste and convenience2 again cross-marking at right angles1 and you are ready for setting the vines4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,newport1 ,r4,i41 ,oct4 #bf1 #ahia4 ,i have used ,bradley's ,fertilizer on my cranberry bog twice1 and find a great improvement in checking the growth of moss1 also in starting the vines4 ,in fact1 ,i think it made the vines grow too fast1 or ,i may have put on too much4 ,i can recommend it as a first-class ,fertilizer4 ,h4 ,b4 ,,ryder1 #ag ,harvard ,ave4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,north ,,harwich1 ,,mass41 ,oct4 #ai1 #ahia4 ,i have used ,bradley's ,fertilizer on my cranberry bogs1 both old and new1 the past three or four years1 with highly satisfactory results4 ,it adds to the growth of new vines1 so that they cover the ground quicker1 and come into bearing one or two years earlier than they would were there no fertilizer applied4 ,on my old vines the effect of this ,fertilizer has been to kill out the moss 7burn it up1 to appearance71 and to so renew the vines as to give them the look of a young bog4 ,,john ,e4 ,,ryder4 ,illustration3 ,,view ,,of ,,cranberry ,,bog ,,owned ,,by ,,capt4 ,e4 ,k4 ,,crowell1 ,,dennisport4 ,,dennisport1 ,mar4 #b1 #ahib4 ,i have used ,bradley's ,fertilizers for a number of years on cranberry vines1 both old and new1 with good and satisfactory results4 ,the fruit will generally be larger and fairer where it is used1 and used on young vines will cause them to spread and shade the ground1 thus preventing as large a growth of weeds4 ,i cheerfully recommend it to all cranberry growers4 ,the foreground shows vines set in the spring of #ahij2 the background on the right new bearing bog1 and on the left1 a small showing of vines set in spring of #ahia4 ,e4 ,k4 ,,crowell4 ,,the ,,best ,,berry4 ,there is a wide division of opinion in regard to what is the best berry to grow2 the shrewdest growers find that a selection of berries1 running from the very early to the very late berry1 gives the best returns when a series of years is taken into account4 ,by common consent the purple-black berry1 called 8,early ,black10 has been the favorite with both growers and consumers1 as its handsome1 rich coloring made it a good seller1 while it is also a very prolific berry4 ,it is a medium-hard berry1 and for bogs which are liable to be infested with the fire1 fruit1 or span worm it seems preferable1 as the bog can be kept under water until as late as the first or middle of ,june1 and these berries will then1 in an average season1 ripen before frost4 ,it is1 however1 pretty well conceded by many growers that this berry has been of great injury to the business as a whole1 since it is one of the poorest of keepers1 and1 while affording profit for the time to the grower1 has been of such loss to the 8middleman10 as to render him unduly cautious of ,cape ,cod berries4 ,this reputation which has attached itself to the ,cape crop is wholly unwarranted by a careful and intelligent investigation of the many and various conditions which govern this1 the most important feature of the whole business4 ,the 8,a4 ,d4 ,makepeace0 berry is the outcome of a berry found by its namesake1 the largest grower in this country1 and gradually cultivated until it is conceded to be the largest early berry in the market1 and as such commands a high price4 ,it is of cherry shape1 and rose-tinged purple in coloring4 ,illustration ,no4 #a is a fair example of the shape of this berry4 ,the 8,james ,anthony0 is a very good variety of the second early berries1 and by some considered among the best keepers of the medium-early berries4 ,the 8,bachelor0 is a larger berry1 and1 like the 8,j4 ,p4 ,howes10 proves to be a fair keeper and a salable berry1 although the ,howes is more even and regular in size4 ,the 8,mc,farland0 is a dark-red1 handsome berry1 of large size1 and a favorite with a few large growers4 ,the 8,bugle0 or 8,chipman0 is an older berry1 and one of the best keepers1 but not as productive as some others4 ,the six varieties mentioned are the most popular grown4 ,some others may have a local reputation1 which time and attention will bring into favorable notice4 ,local conditions have much to do1 however1 with qualities in all cases4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,harwichport1 ,,mass41 ,oct4 #bj1 #ahia4 ,i have used ,bradley's ,fertilizer for a number of years on cranberries1 both on newly set vines and old vines4 ,i apply it broadcast1 and ,i find it pays well4 ,i can recommend it to be a good investment1 causing more and larger fruit4 ,,watson ,b4 ,,kelley4 ,,the ,,planting4 ,the ,cranberry is propagated1 through the means of vines which are procured from old bogs2 they are cut or mowed off1 preferably from vines not more than three or four years old4 ,in sorting these cuttings1 care should be taken to remove all the dead wood1 and only the bright1 clean cuttings used for planting4 ,most growers estimate five barrels of cuttings to the acre of bog1 as they use from four to six cuttings in each setting4 ,some growers prefer taking runners twenty to thirty inches in length1 and doubling them over at time of planting2 but the former seems to be the generally adopted method4 ,the usual method of planting is by using a 8dibble10 or setting-blade1 made from hard wood1 although one of the shrewdest growers has recently adopted an implement consisting of an iron blade1 with a cross-piece handle of wood4 ,he claims that this is far preferable to any wooden instrument1 and always readily presses through the sand1 although it is not sharp enough to cut the vines4 ,in planting1 a bunch of four or six runners is placed upon the sand at every intersecting corner4 ,this bunch is held in the left hand of the planter1 while with his right hand he presses them into the sand by means of the 8dibble10 so that they will reach through to the soil beneath1 and when planted will not come above the surface more than two inches4 ,the accompanying sketch shows the method of planting4 ,illustration3 ,a ,a is the main ditch encircling the bog4 ,b ,b is the central ditch4 ,c ,c are the cross-ditches draining into main and central ditches4 ,d ,d are the lines made by the marker4 ,e ,e show points at which plants are set4 ,about two weeks after the cuttings are set1 a small handful of ,bradley's ,superphosphate should be scattered around each bunch of cuttings1 as this will cause them to grow with great vigor1 and so stimulate their growth that few if any of the cuttings will die2 sometimes not one in a hundred will fail to make a flourishing set4 ,it is a little more work1 but advisable1 to put the fertilizer in the hill1 just under the sand4 ,some growers prefer1 after the bog is planted1 to keep the ground wet by damming back the water to within six or eight inches of the surface of the bog1 and keeping it here until the vines give signs of having made some growth4 ,the water is then let out of the ditches1 and the vines take care of themselves through the ensuing season1 unless it happens to be a particularly dry summer4 ,if so1 once or twice1 through the dryest of the season1 the water should be dammed back for a few days1 and the vines receive the benefit of the irrigation4 ,they will not need any further care during the first season1 unless there is a growth of weeds1 which should be effectually destroyed4 ,a cleanly1 well-kept bog is not only a beautiful sight1 but is the foundation for large returns in the future2 it requires no little care1 during the first year or two1 on the best of bogs to secure the proper money return1 in order that the unavoidable outlay heretofore outlined may be rendered remunerative4 ,four hundred dollars per acre is no unusual amount to be expended in preparing a bog4 ,,fertilization4 ,until within a few years the ,cranberry bog has had to depend upon its own resources for fertilization1 as it was popularly supposed that a bog contained all the necessary nutriment to feed the growing crop4 ,careful investigation by the most successful growers has led them to believe that1 in common with every other farm crop1 a larger crop of finer quality of fruit can be grown per acre1 if a good commercial fertilizer is used upon the ,cranberry4 ,they therefore commence with the plant when set out1 and scatter a small quantity of fertilizer around each plant in setting1 as we have before suggested on page #ag2 and each year thereafter they sow broadcast over the bog from #bjj to #djj pounds of ,bradley's ,superphosphate to the acre4 ,the result is that a larger crop of richer-colored berries is secured1 which will more successfully withstand handling and shipping4 ,the vines are also so stimulated that the crop ripens much earlier1 and very often a saving of hundreds of dollars will be made1 through the grower being able to gather the berries early in the season1 before the frost comes4 ,on old bogs1 which are partially run out1 the influence of a liberal dressing of ,bradley's ,superphosphate is very marked1 as it gives the vines a fresh supply of needed food1 and brings ample returns the first season in largely increased crops of berries4 ,so marked is this effect1 that if any one having a ,cranberry bog will fertilize a small section of it for one season1 at the rate of #bjj to #djj pounds of ,bradley's ,phosphate to the acre1 he will always use this fertilizer thereafter1 as the results will readily prove that it will pay him liberally to do so4 ,another reason for fertilization is1 that1 through a liberal use of ,bradley's ,superphosphate1 the young plants attain that sturdy growth which enables them to withstand more successfully the attacks of the fire1 fruit1 and span worm1 which flourish best upon weak plants4 ,the common theory that a fertilizer is simply a stimulant1 whose influence is of no permanent benefit1 has been proved to be erroneous by the experiments of some of the largest growers1 who1 after having used ,bradley's ,superphosphate1 find that not only have they grown enormous crops of the best quality berries1 but their bogs are annually in a better condition than their neighbors' bogs which have not been fertilized1 and from which only small or average crops of berries have been secured4 ,by common consent1 therefore1 the leading growers are large users of ,bradley's ,superphosphate1 as they are convinced that its liberal use upon their bogs is repaid to them every season in increased crops of perfect fruit which commands the highest market price4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,south ,,yarmouth1 ,,mass41 ,oct4 #bb1 #ahia4 ,i have used the ,bradley ,fertilizer on newly set cranberry vines1 and find it causes them to grow and spread more rapidly over a new bog4 ,,james ,f4 ,,sears4 ,,cranberry ,,enemies4 ,one of the greatest enemies to successful ,cranberry growing is one that can be easily conquered1 but which is oftenest neglected2 that is1 the weeds and small bushes when they first appear4 ,it is a comparatively easy matter under the more favorable conditions1 during the three years before the bog comes to full bearing1 to go over it once or twice during each season with a hoe1 and clean out every weed and bush1 no matter how small and insignificant it make look4 ,but the grower often thinks that this is unnecessary labor1 especially as he has put considerable money into the bog1 and as yet has had no returns from his investment4 ,if this work is neglected now1 when the bog comes to fruiting there will be found1 especially among the plants1 quite an amount of injurious weeds and small bushes which increase rapidly from year to year1 and finally kill out the bog4 ,but if during the first three years they are steadily and systematically cut down1 they become so thoroughly eradicated that a little going over the bog every spring will keep it in good condition for ten or fifteen years1 with little trouble from either weeds or bushes4 ,the cultivation of the ,cranberry1 ever since it has been cultivated for a crop1 has been a practical exemplification of the advice of that eminent agriculturist1 ,horace ,greeley1 who1 for the extermination of the ,canadian thistle1 recommended its 8cultivation10 as then there would come plenty of enemies to accomplish its destruction4 ,the fire1 span1 tip1 and fruit worms rank in the order named as the most destructive1--the first two in the list blasting in a few hours an almost assured and abundant crop4 ,the larger growers1 after experimenting with perhaps all of the known insecticides1 have most generally adopted some form of tobacco preparation1 applied in solution in the form of a spray1 upon the first indication of the approach of the fire-worm4 ,so extensive is the use of tobacco1 that one grower1 ,mr4 ,franklin ,crocker1 of ,hyannis1 treasurer of the ,south ,sea ,cranberry ,company1 who has probably given as much attention as any other grower to this branch of the business1 informs us that for himself and others he purchased1 in its various forms1 over five thousand dollars' worth of tobacco during the past two years1 for this purpose4 ,mr4 ,crocker tells of his experience with tobacco in his letter on page #c of cover4 ,many growers 7not all7 are able to resort to 8,spring ,flowage0 as an effective and cheap remedy for fire-worms4 ,that this is effective there can be no question1 but in its application for destroying the worm it is injurious to the keeping quality of the fruit when gathered4 ,,the ,,harvest4 ,the picking of berries commences about the first of ,september4 ,they should be picked as soon as the greater part have put on a good1 fair color4 ,the great mistake in the past has been in allowing the berries to become over size4 ,the trade has demanded dark berries1 which made the ,early ,blacks so popular2 but all that was gained in color was at the sacrifice of the keeping quality1 to the injury of the grower and dealer4 ,this is becoming so well recognized that 8pick early0 comes with the greater emphasis from all the larger dealers1 who1 by sad experiences1 have become more interested in this particular feature than the grower1 who1 gathering his harvest of beautiful fruit1 has also immediately gathered in the skekels1 recognizing that 8the best time to sell is right off the bog40 ,thus has he 8,sown to the ,wind20 and while disaster has been delayed1 its coming is manifest in the experience of the past season1 when in some cases the crop has not paid expenses4 ,an old receipt1 8,how to cook a hare10 began1 8,first catch the hare40 ,we have endeavored to tell you how to get the crop2 and now1 supposing you have this1 we will give you an idea of how it is gathered1 so far as may be of interest to the uninitiated3 ,lines are drawn across the bog1 from eight to twenty feet apart1 as a guide for keeping in place those pickers who incline otherwise to the right or left1 as 8spots0 thick or thin allure or repel them in their eagerness 8to fill the measure40 ,then1 placing as many pickers within the lines as can have sufficient 8elbow room10 picking length-wise1 they proceed to pick4 ,an overseer is needed for every twenty-five pickers1 to see that the work is properly done1 each in his or her own place1 and that all are picking clean from the vines1 and from the 8bottom20 that is1 picking from the ground all scattering berries4 ,measures holding six quarts are the most convenient size1 and the usual price is ten cents per measure1 each picker using generally two measures and so saving time1 as the berries must be carried to the 8,tally40 ,the pickers are all known by numbers1 and as they go to empty their measure they report 8,number 7#e710 one or two measures1 as the case may be1 the ,tally repeating each number and tally1 as a precaution against mistakes4 ,on some bogs checks are given thus3 8,good for ten cents1 ,south ,sea ,co41 ,f4 ,crocker1 ,hyannis1 ,treas420 and such checks are current coin during 8,cranberry time0 for supplies at the stores4 ,again1 others provide themselves with a large amount of dimes1 and so 8pay off0 as each measure is delivered4 ,berries1 after being picked1 should be put in slatted boxes holding about one bushel each1 as being the most convenient size to handle1 and then put away for at least twenty-four hours to cool off1 as prevention against the almost immediate process of decay if this is not done4 ,,barrelling4 ,after being thoroughly cooled they are put in screens about ten feet long1 three feet wide at the upper end1 and six to eight inches at the lower end1 from which1 under the careful eye of an expert 8screener10 they are 8run0 into a barrel set ready to receive them4 ,four or five screeners about each screen remove all trash and unsound berries1 and sometimes the light-colored ones1 which are held to 8color up10 or packed separately and marked 8,light40 ,as the barrels are being filled1 they should be thoroughly shaken1 at least three times2 then1 when the uninitiated packer thinks he has got the barrel full enough1 it needs from four to six quarts more1 when1 with a screw1 press the berries firmly down into the barrel4 ,the barrels now properly headed and nailed1 carry the berries in shape to command the highest price for which their grade may warrant4 ,it pays to pack the fruit as solid as possible1 since1 whether sound or otherwise1 a full barrel will sell when one lacking one inch or more of berries will command little attention4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,west ,,harwich1 ,,mass41 ,oct4 #ai1 #ahia4 ,in the spring of #ahij ,i bought an acre of cranberry bog that had been set about #cj years1 and was so run down as to bear only about #aj barrels per year4 ,i immediately applied #djj pounds of ,bradley's ,fertilizer1 and received the first year a crop of #bb barrels4 ,last spring ,i applied #fjj pounds of same ,fertilizer1 and have just gathered #dj barrels of nice berries1 making an increase of #cj barrels a year on one acre by the use of ,bradley's ,fertilizer1 equal to #cjj per cent4 gain4 ,besides all this improvement in the crop1 the ,fertilizer has had the effect to renew the vines to such an extent as to give them the appearance of a new bog1 while the moss1 which was quite troublesome1 has been wholly killed out4 ,it is surprising to see how quick moss will begin to disappear where ,bradley's ,fertilizer has been applied4 ,w4 ,p4 ,,baker4 ,,the #ahia ,,crop ,,in ,,the ,,new ,,england ,,states4 ,the following comparative statement of the #ahia crop of ,cranberries on ,dec4 #a1 #ahia1 in the ,new ,england ,states1 was compiled by ,charles ,h4 ,nye1 ,esq41 ,superintendent ,cape ,cod ,division1 ,old ,colony ,railroad1 and allowing that #i1jjj bushels may have been grown in ,rhode ,island and ,connecticut1 would make the #ahia crop about or quite #dhj1jjj bushels4 #ahij4 #ahia4 ,,stations ,,shipped ,,from4 ---------------------------- ,,to ,,be ,,barrels4,,boxes4,,barrels4,,boxes4,,sh ipped4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,rock #a1hgi #iic #c1dbj #bif ,south ,middleboro #gd #ad #bdh #ad ,tremont #af1hdj #b1fdj #bc1ihf #b1dhf #bjj ,marion #ddj #caj #dda #cfa ,mattapoisett #age #fc #bae #fhh ,south ,wareham #daf #ij #eaf #bfi ,wareham #ad1iai #d1hgj #ah1abe #d1gdc ,east ,wareham #b1bbc #bjc ,onset ,junction #c1dab #aef #cjj ,buzzard's ,bay #cc #abg #bbc #acj ,monument ,beach #bbi #adg #eej #ah ,wenaumet #cg #ca #ajc #ig ,cataumet #afij #dih #cbc #cha ,north ,falmouth #fee #gaa #gec #a1dei ,west ,falmouth #afd #aa #ij #ae ,falmouth #a1iig #hgb #d1jhe #c1bha #djj ,woods ,holl #ahb ,bourne #hei #hc #a1fjf #dae ,bournedale #a1eab #gch #a1afj #fed ,sagamore #c1ajh #a1cdc #d1ehi #iga ,sandwich #b1fbf #b1ibe #f1jjc #b1gjj #a1jjj ,west ,barnstable #h1jha #a1hjd #ab1eii #b1agd ,barnstable #cii #i #chc #ad ,yarmouth #b1idc #iij #e1cgc #fgc #bjj ,hyannis #a1ged #ehi #b1bgj #haj #a1jjj ,south ,yarmouth #a1hij #ebe #d1gab #ejc ,south ,dennis #b1dcd #ged #e1ghj #ghg ,north ,harwich #b1jgc #ggj #c1ide #a1beg #bej ,harwich #d1hdg #c1afj #aj1iif #c1jei ,south ,harwich #fac #aha #hjb #gjb ,south ,chatham #afj #hj #chb #aci ,chatham #dih #bda #fdi #bgg ,pleasant ,lake #a1bdd #a1jca #a1cfi #a1baj ,brewster #b1ddj #deg #b1iei #ehe ,orleans #efh #afe #a1bah #afd ,eastham #ajd #cf #acg #acb #ej ,north ,eastham #aj #ab #cf #cf ,south ,wellfleet #aj #b #bf ,wellfleet #hj #ee #fg #bj ,south ,truro #de #de #bg #bj ,truro #hh ,north ,truro #h ,provincetown #adf #fa #eg #e ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,total shipments1 barrels #gi1jjf #bg1fdfabc1gcg #ca1gfa #c1djj ,boxes reduced to barrels #i1bae #aj1ehg ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,total number barrels #hh1bba #acd1cbd ,to be shipped #a1ffe #c1djj ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,total1 ,cape ,cod ,division #hi1hhf #acg1gbd ,,central ,,division1 ,,old ,,colony ,,railroad4 #ahij4 #ahia4 ,,stations ,,shipped ,,from4 -------------------- ,,total ,,boxes4,,barrels4,,boxes4,,barrels4 ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,plymouth #aa1bcb #aa1aid #ihj #aa1eba ,plympton #a1dah #a1ifd #ehi #b1afj ,south ,hanson #ffj #ffe #af #fgj ,middleboro' #b1jde #a1jch #b1cia ,north ,easton #cjj #cjj ,taunton #bdj #bcb #bcb ,mansfield #ahb #ahb ,attleboro' #bdj #ebh #ebh ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,central ,division #ag1ihd ,martha's ,vineyard #a1cjh ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,total number barrels #ai1bib ,add ,cape ,cod ,division #acg1gbd ---------------------------------------- ------------ ,total number barrels #aeg1jaf ,or #dga1jdh bushels4 ,,the #ahia ,,crop ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,j4 ,rider1 ,secretary of the ,american ,cranberry ,growers' ,association1 estimates the entire crop of ,cranberries grown in #ahia as follows3 ,new ,england #dhj1jjj bush4 ,new ,jersey #bej1jjj 0 ,the ,west #cj1jjj 0 ------- ,total #gfj1jjj 0 ,showing that the crop for the entire country was short #ajj1jjj bushels1 when compared with the #ahij crop4 ,,the ,,fertilizer ,,for ,,cranberries4 ,bradley's ,superphosphate1 8the old reliable10 has been successfully used in the cultivation of ,cranberries for many years past4 ,it is1 as every one knows1 the best general fertilizer on the market4 ,by practical experience1 and not by fallacious 7though plausible7 theories1 it has demonstrated its entire fitness for growing the best ,cranberries and producing the largest crops4 ,it has been repeatedly noticed that ,cranberries grown on this fertilizer are more highly colored1 harder1 and better 8keepers0 than those raised under ordinary conditions of cultivation4 ,as ,bradley's ,phosphate contains the very choicest quality of plant foods in such forms and proportions as long practical experience has demonstrated will most fully satisfy the demands of the crop for a complete and nutritious fertilizer1 it wholly meets the requirements of the ,cranberry1 as has been abundantly proven by exhaustive tests on the largest bogs4 ,a 8,special ,fertilizer0 for ,cranberries1 claimed to be 8based on their analysis10 may be taking with some2 but this is only an idea1--a theory without practice to support it1 an advertising dodge to catch the uninitiated4 ,the theory of feeding plants on this basis was exploded long ago both at home and abroad2 and while formerly one manufacturer of 8,special ,fertilizers0 advertised twenty-four special crop formulas1 he now sells but ten1 and the analyses of these are totally different from the original formulas which were represented as accurate demonstrations of the 8discovery10 so called4 ,professor ,johnson1 ,director of the ,connecticut ,agricultural ,experiment ,station1 and one of the best authorities on agricultural chemistry of this country1 has said3 8,in honest truth1 there is no possibility of compounding special fertilizers adapted to each of our various crops1 nor even to our various classes of crops4 ,special manures for particular crops are1 in fact1 least heard of where agriculture is guided by the clearest light of science and the widest range of experience40 ,professor ,atwater1 recently ,director of the ,experiment ,stations of the ,united ,states at ,washington1 has stated3 8,there is no best fertilizer for any crop1 and the formulas to fit all cases are out of the question40 ,so do not be caught by this theory snare1 and pay four or five dollars a ton extra on your fertilizer for that 8idea40 ,bradley's ,superphosphate has stood the test of nearly thirty years1 and its sales are far greater than that of any other fertilizer on the market4 ,it is the acknowledged ,standard1 so recognized by its strongest competitors1 whose favorite argument is that their fertilizer is 8equal to ,bradley's40 8,there are tricks in all trades10 but no trick can undermine the stability of an article so universally recognized as the standard of excellence in its class as ,bradley's ,phosphate4 ,the following letter may serve to answer inquiries about 8,insecticide40 ,,hyannis1 ,,mass41 ,feb4 #bb1 #ahib4 ,in regard to tobacco as an insecticide1 ,i submit the following3 ,tobacco solution is prepared by steeping tobacco stems in warm water1 using from one and a half to two pounds of stems to a gallon of water1 according to strength of stems in the nicotine principle4 ,so far1 the larger growers prefer the stems from the ,missouri-river region1 and for this purpose ,i ordered six car-loads last ,saturday from that section for the use of growers the coming season4 ,of the solution1 when prepared1 it takes about one gallon to a square rod1 applied in the form of a spray as fine as possible4 ,for this purpose the 8,nixon ,pump0 is the most effective among the many that ,i have ever tested4 ,the application should be made upon the first appearance of the worms2 any delay resulting often in entire loss of crop1 since nothing but flowage will kill the larger worms4 ,another and more convenient solution is obtained from ,hill's ,extract of ,tobacco--two or three quarts to a barrel of water4 ,this requires no heating1 and may be prepared at a moment's notice4 ,my sales last year of this ,extract amounted to over eight hundred gallons4 ,respectfully yours1 ,,franklin ,,crocker4