,ri*>d ,prairie1 ,*>les ,franks & ! ,onl9e ,di/ribut$ ,pro(read+ ,team ,illu/ration ,,pa?f9d] ,,physiology ,no4 #c ,,hygi5ic ,,physiology ,,) ,,special ,,ref]5ce ,,to ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,alcoholic ,,dr9ks ,,& ,,n>cotics ,,be+ ,a ,,revis$ ,,edition ,,( ,,! ,,f\rte5 ,,weeks ,,9 ,,human ,,physiology ,,by ,,joel ,,dorman ,,/eele1 ,,ph4,d4 ,,enl>g$ ,,edition ,,) ,,select$ ,,read+s ,edit$ = ! use ( ,s*ools1 9 accordance ) ! rec5t ,legislation ^u ,temp]ance ,in/ruction ,,indorsem5t4 ,,bo/on1 ,june #bj1 #ahhi4 ,! ,pa?f9d] ,s]ies ( ,text-books on ,anatomy1 ,physiology1 & ,hygi5e consi/s ( ! foll[+ volumes3 ,i4 ,*ild's ,heal? ,prim] 7= ,prim>y ,grades74 ,,ii4 ,hygi5e = ,"y ,p or1 ,"y ,p's ,physiology4 7= ,int]m$iate ,classes7 ,,iii4 ,hygi5ic ,physiology 7= ,advanc$ ,pupils74 ,! above are ! s]ies orig9ally prep>$ 7z _! g5]al title indicates7 to supply ! dem& creat$ by ! laws = temp]ance in/ruction 9 public s*ools 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!y 7 writt5 by exp]ts "u ! sup]vision ( ! ,sci5tific ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,national ,woman's ,*ri/ian ,temp]ance ,union1 publi%$ by ! in/igation ( ! same1 & h be5 c>efully revis$ f "t to "t1 "u ! same sup]vision1 to keep !m abrea/ ) ! late/ tea*+s ( sci5ce4 ,be+ bo? tea*able & well adapt$ to grade1 _! educational value1 z prov5 by s*oolroom te/s1 is ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,we !re=e cordially indorse & highly recomm5d ! ,pa?f9d] ,s]ies = use 9 s*ools4 ,,m>y ,h4 ,,hunt1 ,national & ,int]national ,sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,sci5tific ,dep't ( ! ,woman's ,*ri/ian ,temp]ance ,union2 ,life ,director ( ! ,national ,educational ,association4 ,,advisory ,,bo>d3 ,,joseph ,,cook1 ,,william ,e4 ,,%eldon1 ,,alb]t ,h4 ,,plumb1 ,d4,d41 ,,daniel ,,dor*e/]1 ,d4,d4 ,,preface ,! t]m ,physiology1 or ! sci5ce ( ! functions ( ! body1 has come to include ,anatomy1 or ! sci5ce ( its /ructure1 & ,hygi5e1 or ! laws ( heal?2 ! "o be+ ess5tial to ! prop] und]/&+ ( physiology1 & ! o!r be+ its practical application to life4 ,! ?ree are intimately bl5d$1 & 9 treat+ ( ! diff]5t subjects ! au?or has drawn no l9e ( di/9ction :]e nature has made none4 ,?is "w is n prep>$ = ! use ( m$ical /ud5ts1 b = ! in/ruction ( y\? 9 ! pr9ciples :i* und]lie ! pres]vation ( heal? & ! =mation ( correct physical habits4 ,all else is made subs]vi5t to ?is practical k4 ,a simple sci5tific dress is us$ :i*1 :ile conduc+ to cle>ness1 also gratifies t g5]al desire ( *ildr5 to "k some?+ ( ! nom5clature ( any /udy !y pursue4 ,to ! description ( ea* organ is app5d$ an acc\nt ( its mo/ common diseases1 accid5ts1 etc41 &1 :5 practicable1 _! mode ( treatm5t4 ,a pupil may ?us le>n1 = example1 ! cause & cure ( a cold1 ! managem5t ( a w\nd1 or ! nature ( an inflammation4 ,! ,practical ,que/ions1 :i* h be5 a prom95t feature 9 o!r books ( ! s]ies1 w be f\nd1 x is hop$1 equally useful 9 ?is "w4 ,directions = prep>+ simple microscopic objects1 & illu/rations ( ! diff]5t organs1 are giv5 "u ea* subject4 ,! ,read+s1 :i* repres5t ! ideas b n always ! exact phraseology ( ! au?or quot$1 h1 9 g5]al1 be5 select$ ) direct ref]5ce to ,practical ,hygi5e1 a subject :i* n[ l>gely occupies ! public m9d4 ,! dang]s t lurk 9 f\l air & contam9at$ wat]1 9 bad dra9age1 leaky gas pipes1 & defective plumb+1 9 reckless appetites1 & 9 c>eless dissem9ation ( contagi\s diseases1 are "h portray$ 9 su* a mann] z1 x is tru/$1 w assi/ ! pupil to avoid ^! trea*]\s quicks&s1 & to provide = himself a solid pa? ( heal?4 ,"u ! head+ ( ,heal? & ,disease w be f\nd ,h9ts ab\t ! sick room1 ,directions = ! use ( ,dis9fectants1 ,sugge/ions z to :at to d ,till ! ,doctor comes1 & a li/ ( antidotes = ,poisons4 ,que/ions = ,class ,use1 a full ,gloss>y1 & an ample ,index complete ! book4 ,believ+ 9 a ,div9e ,ar*itect ( ! human =m1 ! au?or c n refra9 f occasionally po9t+ out ,8 inimitable workman%ip1 & impress+ ! lesson ( a ,great ,f9al ,cause4 ,! au?or has glean$ f e field1 at home & abroad1 to secure t :i* w\ld int]e/ & pr(it 8 pupils4 ,9 g5]al1 ,fl9t's great "w on ! ,physiology ( ,man1 an undisput$ au?ority on bo? sides ( ! ,atlantic1 has be5 adopt$ z ! /&>d 9 dige/ion1 respiration1 circulation1 & ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,leidy's ,human ,anatomy1 & ,sappey's ,trait d',anatomie h be5 foll[$ on all anatomical que/ions1 & h furni%$ _m beautiful draw+s4 ,huxley's ,physiology has af=d$ exce$+ly valuable aid4 ,fo/]'s ,text-,book ( ,physiology1 ,h9ton's ,heal? & its ,conditions1 ,black's ,t5 ,laws ( ,heal?1 ,williams's practical essay on ,our ,eyes & ,h[ to ,use !m1 ,le ,pileur's *>m+ treatise on ,! ,wond]s ( ! ,human ,body1 & t qua9t volume1 ,odd ,h\rs ( a ,physician1 h aid$ ! au?or ) facts & fancies4 ,! writ+s ( ,drap]1 ,dalton1 ,c>p5t]1 ,yal5t91 ,mapo!r1 ,watson1 ,lanke/]1 ,le!by1 ,hall1 ,hamilton1 ,bell1 ,wilson1 ,b[]1 ,cutt]1 ,hut*ison1 ,wood1 ,bigel[1 ,/ille1 ,holmes1 ,beigel1 & o!rs h be5 freely consult$4 ,,publi%]s' ,,note4 ,an ,,abridg$ ,,edition ( ?is "w is publi%$1 to af=d a *eap] manual --adapt$ to ,junior ,classes & ,common ,s*ools4 ,! abridgm5t conta9s ! ess5ce ( ?is text1 ne>ly all its illu/rations1 & ! :ole ( ! ,temp]ance matt] z "h pres5t$4 ,,ord] ,,hygi5ic ,,physiology1 ,,abridg$4 ,,read+ ,,ref]5ces4 ,fo/]'s ,text-,book ( ,physiology2 ,leidy's ,human ,anatomy2 ,drap]'s ,human ,physiology2 ,dalton's ,physiology & ,hygi5e2 ,cutt]'s ,physiology2 ,john/on & ,*ur*'s ,*emi/ry ( ,common ,life2 ,le!by's ,food2 ,tyndall ,on ,light1 & ,on ,s\nd2 ,m9t's ,physiology ( ,man 2 ,ros5?al's ,physiology ( ! ,muscles & ,n]ves2 ,b]n/e9's ,five ,s5ses ( ,man2 ,huxley & ,y\mans's ,physiology & ,hygi5e2 ,sappey's ,trait d',anatomie 2 ,luys's ,bra9 & its ,functions2 ,smi?'s ,foods2 ,ba9's ,m9d & ,body2 ,pettigrew's ,animal ,locomotion2 ,c>p5t]'s ,human ,physiology1 & ,m5tal ,physiology2 ,wild] & ,gage's ,anatomy2 ,j>vis's ,physiology & ,laws ( ,heal?4 ,h>greaves's ,alcohol & ,sci5ce2 ,ri*>dson's ,t5 ,lectures on ,alcohol1 & ,diseases ( ,mod]n ,life2 ,br[n's ,alcohol2 ,davis's ,intemp]ance & ,crime2 ,pitman's ,alcohol & ! ,/ate2 ,anti- ,tobacco2 ,h[ie's ,/imulants & ,n>cotics2 ,hunt's ,alcohol z ,food or ,m$ic9e2 ,s*tz5b]g]'s ,f]m5tation2 ,hubb>d's ,opium ,habit & ,alcoholism2 ,tr\ess>t's ,microbes1 ,f]m5ts1 & ,molds4 ,,cont5ts ,,introduction ,i4--,,! ,,skeleton ,,! ,,head ,,! ,,trunk ,,! ,,limbs ,,ii4--,,! ,,muscles ,,iii4--,,! ,,sk9 ,,! ,,hair ,,& ,,! ,,nails ,,! ,,tee? ,,iv4--,,respiration ,,& ,,! ,,voice ,v4--,,! ,,circulation ,,! ,,blood ,,! ,,he>t ,,! ,,art]ies ,,! ,,ve9s ,,vi4--,,dige/ion ,,& ,,food ,,vii4--,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em ,,! ,,bra9 ,,! ,,sp9al ,,cord ,,& ,,! ,,n]ves ,,! ,,sympa!tic ,,sy/em ,,viii4--,,! ,,special ,,s5ses ,,t\* ,,ta/e ,,smell ,,he>+ ,,sight ,,ix4--,,heal? ,,& ,,disease4--,,dea? ,,& ,,decay #a4 ,,h9ts ,,ab\t ,,! ,,sick ,,room #b4 ,,dis9fectants #c4 ,,:at ,,to ,,d ,,till ,,! ,,doctor ,,comes #d4 ,,antidotes ,,to ,,poisons ,x4--,,select$ ,,read+s ,,xi4--,,app5dix ,,que/ions ,,= ,,class ,,use ,,gloss>y ,,index ,,sugge/ions ,to ,tea*]s ,see+ is believ+--m ?an t1 x is (t5 kn[+ & rememb]+4 ,! m]e read+ ( a /atem5t is ( little value comp>$ ) ! obs]vation ( a fact4 ,e opportunity %\ld !re=e be tak5 ( exhibit+ to ! pupil ! ph5om5a describ$1 & ?us mak+ !m real4 ,a microscope is s ess5tial to ! und]/&+ ( _m subjects1 t x is indisp5sable to ! prop] tea*+ ( ,physiology4 ,a suitable in/rum5t & c>efully prep>$ specim5s1 %[+ ! /ructure ( ! bones1 ! sk91 & ! blood ( v>i\s animals1 ! pigm5t cells ( ! eye1 etc41 may be obta9$ at a small co/ f any good optician4 ,on nam+ ! subject ( a p>agraph1 ! pupil %\ld be prep>$ to tell all he kn[s ab\t x4 ,no failure %\ld disc\rage ! tea*] 9 e/abli%+ ?is mode ( /udy & recitation4 ,a little practice w produce ! mo/ satisfactory results4 ,! unexpect$ "q & ! apt reply develop a c]ta9 %>pness & read9ess :i* are wor?y ( cultivation4 ,! que/ions = review1 or any o!rs t ! wit ( ! tea*] may sugge/1 c be effectively us$ to break ! monotony ( a topical recitation1 !reby secur+ ! b5efits ( bo? sy/ems4 ,! pupil %\ld expect to be que/ion$ ea* day ^u any subject pass$ ov] dur+ ! t]m1 & ?us ! entire k ga9$ w be )9 8 grasp = in/ant use4 ,:ile "s are recit+ to ! tea*]1 let o!rs write on slates or on ! blackbo>d4 ,at ! close ( ! recitation1 let all criticise ! ideas1 ! spell+1 ! use ( capitals1 ! pronunciation1 ! gramm>1 & ! mode ( expression4 ,great] accuracy & mu* collat]al drill may ?us be secur$ at little exp5se ( valuable s*ool "t4 ,! ,introduction is design$ m]ely to furni% sugge/ive mat]ial = ! fir/ lesson1 prep>atory to beg9n+ ! /udy4 ,o!r subjects = consid]ation may be f\nd 9 ! section on ,heal? & ,disease1 9 ! ,select$ ,read+s1 & among ! que/ions giv5 9 ! ,app5dix4 ,:]e "t w all[1 ! ,select$ ,read+s may pr(itably be us$ 9 connection ) ! topics to :i* !y relate4 ,que/ions ^u !m are s incorporat$ ) ^? ^u ! text prop] t !y may be employ$ or n1 accord+ to ! judgm5t ( ! tea*]4 ,,note4--,int]e/ 9 ! /udy ( ,physiology w be mu* increas$ by ! use ( ! microscope & prep>$ slides4 ,^! may be obta9$ f any good optician4 ,,introduction4 ,physiological /udy 9 y\? is ( ine/imable value4 ,preci\s lives are frequ5tly lo/ ?r\gh ignorance4 ,?\s&s squ&] 9 e>ly ye>s ! /r5g? :i* %\ld h be5 kept = ! "w ( real life4 ,habits are (t5 =m$ 9 y\? :i* entail weakness & pov]ty ^u manhood1 & are a cause ( lifelong regret4 ,! use ( a /ra9$ limb may p]man5tly damage x4 ,"s silly feat ( /r5g? may produce an irrep>able injury4 ,a ?\ghtless h\r ( read+ by twilight may impair ! sight = life4 ,a t]rible accid5t may happ51 & a de> fri5d p]i% be=e our eyes1 :ile we /& by p[]less to r5d] ! assi/ance we c\ld s easily give did we only "k :at to d4 ,! ?\s& little h9ts :i* may save or l5g!n life1 may repel or abate disease1 & ! simple laws :i* regulate our bodily vigor1 %\ld be s famili> t we may be quick to apply !m 9 an em]g5cy4 ,! pres]vation ( heal? is easi] ?an ! cure ( disease4 ,*ildhood c n af=d to wait = ! lesson ( exp]i5ce :i* is le>n$ only :5 ! p5alty ( violat$ law has be5 already incurr$1 & heal? irrevocably lo/4 ,,nature',s ,,laws ,,inviolable4--,9 infancy1 we le>n h[ t]ribly ,nature puni%es a violation ( c]ta9 laws1 & h[ promptly %e applies ! p5alty4 ,we soon f9d out ! p]il ( fire1 falls1 edg$ tools1 & ! l4 ,we fail1 h[ev]1 to notice ! equally %>p & c]ta9 puni%m5ts :i* bad habits entail4 ,we are quick to feel ! ne$ ( food1 b n s ready to p]ceive ! dang] ( an excess4 ,a lack ( air drives u at once to secure a supply2 f\l air is z fatal1 b x gives u no w>n+4 ,nature provides a little tra9+ = u at ! outset ( life1 b leaves ! mo/ = u to le>n by bitt] exp]i5ce4 ,s 9 y\? we ?r[ away our /r5g? z if x 7 a burd5 ( :i* we desire to be rid4 ,we eat any?+1 & at any "t2 d any?+ we please1 & sit up any numb] ( nights ) little or no sleep4 ,because we feel only a mom5t>y discom=t f ^! physical s9s1 we fondly imag9e :5 t is gone we are all "r aga94 ,our drafts ^u our con/itution are promptly paid1 & we expect ?is w always be ! case2 b "s day !y w come back to u1 prote/$2 ,nature w refuse to meet our dem&s1 & we %all f9d ourselves physical bankrupts4 ,we are furni%$ 9 ! beg9n+ ) a c]ta9 vital =ce ^u :i* we may draw4 ,we c be sp5d?rifts & wa/e x 9 y\?1 or be wise & s husb& x till manhood4 ,our %ortcom+s are all *>g$ aga9/ ?is /ock4 ,nature's memory nev] fails2 %e keeps h] acc\nt ) p]fect exactness4 ,e physical s9 subtracts f ! sum & /r5g? ( our ye>s4 ,we may cure a disease1 b x nev] leaves u z x f\nd u4 ,we may heal a w\nd1 b ! sc> /ill %[s4 ,we reap z we s[1 & we may ei!r ga!r 9 ! ?orns1 "o by "o1 to torm5t & de/roy1 or we may rejoice 9 ! happy h>ve/ ( a hale old age4 ,i4 ,,! ,,skeleton4 ,n 9 ! ,_w ( ,light alone1 ,:]e ,god has built ,8 blaz+ ?rone1 ,nor yet alone on e>? bel[1 ,) belt$ seas t come & g1 ,& endless isles ( sunlit gre5 ,is all ?y ,mak]'s glory se5-- ,look 9 ^u ?y wondr\s frame1 ,et]nal wisdom /ill ! same6 ,,holmes4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,skeleton4 ,,note4--,! foll[+ ,table ( #bjf bones is exclusive ( ! #h sesamoid bones :i* occur 9 pairs at ! roots ( ! ?umb & great toe1 mak+ #bad z giv5 by ,leidy & ,drap]4 ,gray omits ! bones ( ! e>1 & names #bjj z ! total numb]4 ,,! ,,skeleton4 ,i4 ,,! ,,head 7#bh bones47 ,frontal ,bone 7=ehead74 ,two ,p>ietal ,bones4 #a4 ,,cranium44444444444444 ,two ,temporal 7temple7 ,bones4 7#h bones47 ,sph5oid ,bone4 ,e?moid 7sieve-l bone at root ( nose74 ,occipital ,bone 7back & base ( skull74 ,two ,sup]ior ,maxill>y 7upp] jaw7 ,bones4 ,inf]ior ,maxill>y 7l[] jaw7 ,bone4 ,two ,mal> 7*eek7 ,bones4 #b4 ,,face44444444444444444 ,two ,la*rymal ,bones4 7#ad bones47 ,two ,turb9at$ 7scroll l7 ,bones1 ea* side ( nose4 ,two ,nasal ,bones 7,bridge ( nose74 ,vom] 7! bone betwe5 ! no/rils74 ,two ,palate ,bones4 ,hamm]4 #c4 ,,e>s44444444444444444 ,anvil4 7#f bones47 ,/irrup4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,trunk 7#ed bones47 ,c]vical ,v]tebr 7sev5 v]tebr ( ! neck74 #a4 ,,sp9al ,,column44444444 ,dorsal ,v]tebr 7twelve v]tebr ( ! back74 ,lumb> ,v]tebr 7five v]tebr ( ! lo9s74 ,true ,ribs4 #b4 ,,ribs44444444444444444,false ,ribs4 #c4 ,,/]num 7brea/bone74 #d4 ,,os ,,hyoides 7bone at ! root ( tongue74 ,two ,innom9ata4 #e4 ,,pelvis444444444444444 ,sacrum4 ,coccyx4 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,limbs 7#abd bones47 ,clavicle4 ,%\ld]444,scapula4 #a4 ,,upp] ,,limbs4444444444 ,hum]us4 7#fd bones47 ,arm44444444,ulna & ,radius4 ,eight ,wri/ or ,c>pal ,bones4 ,h&4444444 ,five ,metac>pal ,bones4 ,phalanges 7#ad bones74 ,femur4 ,leg44444444 ,patella4 ,tibia & ,fibula4 #b4 ,,l[] ,,limbs4444444444 7#fj bones47 ,sev5 ,t>sal ,bones4 ,foot4444444 ,five ,metat>sal ,bones4 ,phalanges 7#ad bones74 #a4 ,uses4 #b4 ,composition4 #a4 ,,=m1 ,,/ructure1 #c4 ,/ructure4 ,,etc41 ,,( ,,! ,,bones #d4 ,gr[?4 #e4 ,repair4 ,,! ,,skeleton #f4 ,! ,jo9ts4 #b4 ,,classification ,,( #a4 ,! ,head4 ,,! ,,bones4 #b4 ,! ,trunk4 #c4 ,! ,limbs4 ,,! ,,skeleton4 ,i4 ,,=m1 ,,/ructure1 ,,etc41 ,,( ,,! ,,bones4 7,see page #bfi47 ,,! ,,skeleton1 or framework ( ! ,h\se we live 91 is compos$ ( ab\t #bjj bones4 ,footnote3 ,! precise numb] v>ies 9 diff]5t p]iods ( life4 ,sev]al :i* are sep>at$ 9 y\? become unit$ 9 old age4 ,?us five ( ! false v]tebr at ! base ( ! sp9e e>ly jo9 9 "o great bone--! sacrum2 :ile f\r t9y ones bel[ x (t5 run into a bony mass--! coccyx 7,fig4 #f72 9 ! *ild1 ! /]num is compos$ ( eight pieces1 :ile 9 ! adult x consi/s ( only ?ree4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ! numb] ( ! bones is unc]ta91 _! relative l5g? is s exact t ! l5g? ( ! entire skeleton1 & !nce ! height ( ! man1 c be obta9$ by measur+ a s+le "o ( ! pr9cipal bones4 ,fossil bones & ^? f\nd at ,pompeii h ! same proportion z our own4 ,,uses ,,& ,,=ms ,,( ,,! ,,bones4--,!y h ?ree pr9cipal uses3 #a4 ,to protect ! delicate organs2 ,footnote3 ,an organ is a portion ( ! body design$ = a p>ticul> use1 call$ its function4 ,?us ! he>t circulates ! blood2 ! liv] produces ! bile4 #b4 ,to s]ve z lev]s on :i* ! muscles may act to produce motion2 & #c4 ,to pres]ve ! %ape ( ! body4 ,bones diff] 9 =m accord+ to ! uses !y subs]ve4 ,= conv5i5ce 9 walk+1 "s are long2 = /r5g? & compactness1 "s are %ort & ?ick2 = cov]+ a cavity1 "s are flat2 & = special purposes1 "s are irregul>4 ,! g5]al =m is su* z to comb9e /r5g? & lightness4 ,= example1 all ! long bones ( ! limbs are r\nd & holl[1 ?us giv+ ) ! same weight a great] /r5g?1 ,footnote3 ,cut a %eet ( foolscap 9 two pieces4 ,roll "o half into a compact cyl9d]1 & fold ! o!r into a close1 flat /rip2 support ! ends ( ea* & hang weights 9 ! middle until !y b5d4 ,! sup]ior /r5g? ( ! roll w a/oni% "o unfamili> ) ?is me*anical pr9ciple4 ,9 a rod1 ! p>ticles break 9 succession1 fir/ ^? on ! outside1 & lat] ^? 9 ! c5t]4 ,9 a tube1 ! p>ticles are all arrang$ :]e !y resi/ ! fir/ /ra94 ,iron pill>s are !re=e ca/ holl[4 ,/alks ( grass & gra9 are s light z to b5d be=e a brea? ( w9d1 yet are /iff en\gh to su/a9 _! load ( se$4 ,bone has be5 f\nd by exp]im5t to possess twice ! resi/+ prop]ty ( solid oak4 & also a l>g] surface = ! atta*m5t ( ! muscles4 ,! ,composition ( ! ,bones at maturity is ab\t "o "p animal to two p>ts m9]al matt]4 ,! proportion v>ies ) ! age4 ,9 y\? x is ne>ly half & half1 :ile 9 old age ! m9]al is greatly 9 excess4 ,by soak+ a bone 9 weak muriatic acid1 & ?us dissolv+ ! m9]al matt]1 its %ape w n *ange1 b its /iffness w disappe>1 leav+ a t\gh1 gri/ly sub/ance ,footnote3 ,mix a w9eglass ( muriatic acid ) a p9t ( wat]1 & place 9 x a %eep's rib4 ,9 a day or two1 ! bone w become s s(t t x c be ti$ into a knot4 ,9 ! same way1 an egg may be made s pliable t x c be cr[d$ into a n>r[- neck$ bottle1 )9 :i* x w exp&1 & become an object ( great curiosity to ! un9itiat$4 ,by boil+ bones at a high temp]ature1 ! animal matt] sep>ates 9 ! =m ( gelat9e4 ,dogs & cats extract ! animal matt] f ! bones !y eat4 ,fossil bones deposit$ 9 ! gr\nd dur+ ! ,geologic p]iod1 7 f\nd by ,cuvi] to conta9 consid]able animal matt]4 ,gelat9e 0 actually extract$ f ! ,cambridge ma/odon1 & made into glue4 ,a tol]ably nutriti\s food might ?us be manufactur$ f bones old] ?an man himself4 7c>tilage7 :i* c be b5t l rubb]4 ,if ! bone be burn$ 9 ! fire1 ?us consum+ ! animal matt]1 ! %ape w /ill be ! same1 b x w h lo/ its t5acity1 & ! beautiful1 pure-:ite residue ,footnote3 ,f bones ?us calc9$1 ! phosphorus ( ! *emi/ is made4 ,see ,/eele's ,popul> ,*emi/ry1 page #aad4 ,if ! animal matt] be n consum$1 b only *>r$1 ! bone w be black & brittle4 ,9 ?is way1 ! boneblack ( comm]ce is manufactur$4 may be crumbl$ into p[d] ) ! f+]s4 ,,fig4 #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,?igh ,bone1 or ,femur1 saw$ l5g?wise4 ,we ?us see t a bone receives h>dness & rigidity f its m9]al1 & t5acity & ela/icity f its animal matt]4 ,! entire bone is at fir/ compos$ ( c>tilage1 :i* gradually ossifies or turns to bone4 ,footnote3 ,! ossification ( ! bones on ! sides & upp] "p ( ! skull1 = example1 beg9s by a r\nd$ spot 9 ! middle ( ea* "o4 ,f ?is spot ! ossification ext5ds outw>d 9 e direction1 ?us gradually approa*+ ! edges ( ! bone4 ,:5 two adjac5t bones meet1 !re w be a l9e :]e _! edges are 9 contact ) ea* o!r1 b h n yet unit$2 b :5 m ?an two bones meet 9 ?is way1 !re w be an empty space betwe5 !m at _! po9t ( junction4 ,?us1 if y lay d[n ?ree co9s ^u ! table ) _! edges t\*+ "o ano!r1 !re w be a ?ree-sid$ space 9 ! middle betwe5 !m2 if y lay d[n f\r co9s 9 ! same mann]1 ! space betwe5 !m w be f\r-sid$4 ,n[ at ! back "p ( ! head !re is a spot :]e ?ree bones come toge!r 9 ?is way1 leav+ a small1 ?ree-sid$ op5+ betwe5 !m3 ?is is call$ ! po/]ior fontanelle4 ,on ! top ( ! head1 f\r bones come toge!r1 leav+ betwe5 !m a l>ge1 f\r-sid$ op5+3 ?is is call$ ! ant]ior fontanelle4 ,^! op5+s are t]m$ ! fontanelles1 because we c feel ! pulsations ( ! bra9 ?r\gh !m1 l ! bubbl+ ( wat] 9 a f\nta94 ,!y gradually dim9i% 9 size1 ow+ to ! gr[? ( ! bony p>ts ar\nd !m1 & are completely clos$ at ! age ( f\r ye>s aft] bir?4--,,dalton4 ,c]ta9 portions ne> ! jo9ts are long delay$ 9 ?is process1 & by _! ela/icity assi/ 9 break+ ! %ock ( a fall4 ,footnote3 ,frogs & toads1 :i* move by jump+1 & consequ5tly receive s _m j>s1 reta9 ^! unossifi$ portions 7epiphyses7 ne>ly ?r\gh1 life1 :ile alligators & turtles ^: position is sprawl+1 & ^: motions are measur$ d n h !m at all--,,leidy ,h5ce ! bones ( *ildr5 are t\gh1 are n readily fractur$1 & :5 brok5 easily heal aga92 ,footnote3 ,?is is only "o ( ! _m illu/rations ( ! ,inf9ite c>e t wat*es ov] helpless infancy1 until k & ability are acquir$ to meet ! p]ils ( life4 :ile ^? ( eld]ly p are liable to fracture1 & d n quickly unite4 ,,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ?9 slice ( ,bone1 highly magnifi$ %[+ ! lacun1 ! t9y tubes 7canaliculi7 radiat+ f !m1 & f\r ,hav]sian canals1 ?ree se5 crosswise & "o l5g?wise4 ,,! ,,/ructure ,,( ,,! ,,bones--,:5 a bone is saw$ l5g?wise1 x is f\nd to be a compact %ell fill$ ) a spongy sub/ance ,?is fill+ increases 9 quantity1 & becomes m por\s at ! ends ( ! bone1 ?us giv+ great] size to =m a /rong jo9t1 :ile ! solid portion increases ne> ! middle1 :]e /r5g? alone is ne$$4 ,ea* fib] ( ?is bulky mat]ial dim9i%es ! %ock ( a sudd5 bl[1 & also acts z a beam to brace ! ext]ior wall4 ,! recumb5t position ( ! alligator protects him f falls1 & !re=e 8 bones conta9 v little spongy sub/ance4 ,9 ! body1 bones are n ! dry1 dead1 blan*$ ?+s !y commonly seem to be1 b are moi/1 liv+1 p9ki% /ructures1 cov]$ ) a t\gh membrane1 call$ ! p]-i-os'-te-um ,footnote3 ,! relations ( ! p]io/eum to ! bone are v int]e/+4 ,in/ances are on record :]e ! bone has be5 remov$1 leav+ ! p]io/eum1 f :i* ! entire bone 0 aft]w>d r5ew$4 7p]i1 ar\nd1 & o/eon1 a bone71 :ile ! holl[ is fill$ ) m>r[1 ri* 9 fat1 & full ( blood vessels4 ,if we exam9e a ?9 slice ) ! microscope1 we %all see black spots ) l9es runn+ 9 all directions1 & look+ v l m9ute insects4 ,^! are really little cavities1 call$ la-cu'-n ,footnote3 ,:5 ! bone is dry1 ! lacun are fill$ ) air1 :i* refracts ! light1 s t none ( x rea*es ! eye1 & h5ce ! cavities appe> black4 f :i* radiate t9y tubes4 ,! lacun are arrang$ 9 circles ar\nd l>g] tubes1 t]m$ f _! discov]]1 ,hav]sian canals1 :i* s]ve z passages = ! blood vessels t n\ri% ! bone4 ,,gr[? ,,( ,,! ,,bones4--,by means ( ?is sy/em ( canals1 ! blood circulates z freely ?r\gh ! bones z ?r\gh any "p ( ! body1 ,! :ole /ructure is con/antly b sl[ly *ang+1 ,footnote3 ,bone is sometimes produc$ ) surpris+ rapidity4 ,! great ,iri% ,elk is calculat$ by ,pr(4 ,ow5 to h ca/ (f & r5ew$1 annually 9 its antl]s eighty p\nds ( bone4 old mat]ial be+ tak5 out & new put 94 ,a curi\s illu/ration is se5 9 ! fact t if madd] be mix$ ) ! food ( pigs1 x w t+e _! bones r$4 ,,repair ,,( ,,! ,,bones4--,:5 a bone is brok51 ! blood at once oozes out ( ! fractur$ ends4 ,?is soon gives place to a wat]y fluid1 :i* 9 a =tnight ?ick5s to a gri/ly sub/ance1 /rong en\gh to hold !m 9 place4 ,bone matt] is !n sl[ly deposit$1 :i* 9 five or six weeks w unite ! brok5 p>ts4 ,nature1 at fir/1 app>5tly endeavors to rem$y ! weakness ( ! mat]ial by excess 9 ! quantity1 & s ! new portion is l>g] ?an ! old4 ,b ! extra matt] w be gradually absorb$1 sometimes s p]fectly z to leave no trace ( ! injury4 7,see p4 #bga47 ,a brok5 limb %\ld be held 9 place by spl9ts1 or a pla/] ca/1 to enable ?is process to g on un9t]rupt$ly1 & also le/ a sudd5 j> might rupture ! p>tially m5d$ break4 ,= a long "t1 ! new portion consi/s l>gely ( animal matt]1 & s is t5d] & pliable4 ,! utmo/ c>e is !re=e necess>y to prev5t a mal=mation4 ,,! ,,jo9ts are pack$ ) a s(t1 smoo? c>tilage1 or gri/le1 :i* fits s p]fectly z to be airtight4 ,^u convex surfaces1 x is ?icke/ at ! middle1 & ^u concave surfaces1 x is ?icke/ at ! edge1 or :]e ! we> is greate/4 ,9 addition1 ! ends ( ! bones are cov]$ ) a ?9 membrane1 ! synovial 7sun1 )2 ovum1 an egg71 :i* secretes a viscid fluid1 n unlike ! :ite ( an egg4 ,?is lubricates ! jo9ts1 & prev5ts ! noise & we> ( friction4 ,! body is ! only ma*9e t oils itself4 ,! bones :i* =m ! jo9t are ti$ ) /\t ligam5ts 7ligo1 ,i b9d71 or b&s1 ( a smoo?1 silv]y :ite tissue1 ,footnote3 ,! g5]al t]m tissue is appli$ to ! v>i\s textures ( :i* ! organs are compos$4 ,= example1 ! osse\s tissue =ms ! bones2 ! fibr\s tissue1 ! sk91 t5dons1 & ligam5ts4 s /rong t ! bones are sometimes brok5 )\t injur+ ! fa/5+s4 ,,ii4 ,,classification ,,( ,,! ,,bones4 ,= conv5i5ce1 ! bones ( ! skeleton are consid]$ 9 ?ree divisions3 ! head1 ! trunk1 & ! limbs4 #a4 ,,! ,,head4 ,,! ,,bones ,,( ,,! ,,skull ,,& ,,! ,,face =m a cavity = ! protection ( ! bra9 & ! f\r organs ( s5se1 viz43 sight1 smell1 ta/e1 & he>+4 ,all ^! bones are immovable except ! l[] jaw1 :i* is h+$ ,footnote3 ,a r+ ( c>tilage is ins]t$ 9 its jo9ts1 some?+ aft] ! mann] ( a wa%] 9 ma*9]y4 ,?is foll[s ! movem5ts ( ! jaw1 & admits ( fre] motion1 :ile x gu>ds aga9/ dislocation4 at ! back s z to all[ = ! op5+ & %utt+ ( ! m\?4 ,,! ,,skull is compos$1 9 g5]al1 ( two compact plates1 ) a spongy lay] betwe54 ,^! are 9 sev]al pieces1 ! out] ones be+ jo9$ by not*$ edges1 sutures 7su'tyurs171 9 ! way c>p5t]s t]m dovetail+4 7,see ,fig4 #d47 ,,fig4 #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,skull4--#a4 frontal bone2 #b1 p>ietal bone2 #c1 temporal bone2 #d1 ! sph5oid bone2 #e1 e?moid bone2 #f1 sup]ior maxill>y 7upp] jaw7 bone2 #g1 mal> bone2 #h1 la*rymal bone2 #i1 nasal bone2 #aj1 inf]ior maxill>y 7l[] jaw7 bone4 ,! peculi> /ructure & =m ( ! skull af=d a p]fect %elt] = ! bra9--an organ s delicate t1 if unprotect$1 an ord9>y bl[ w\ld de/roy x4 ,its oval or egg %ape adapts x to resi/ pressure4 ,! small] & /rong] end is 9 front1 :]e ! dang] is greate/4 ,projections be=e & beh9d %ield ! less protect$ p>ts4 ,! h>d plates are n easy to p5etrate4 ,footnote3 ,in/ances h be5 kn[n :]e bullets1 /rik+ aga9/ ! skull1 h glanc$ (f1 be5 flatt5$1 or ev5 split into halves4 ,9 ! ,p59sul> ,campaign1 ! au?or saw a man :o _h be5 /ruck 9 ! =ehead by a bullet :i*1 in/ead ( p5etrat+ ! bra91 _h foll[$ ! skull ar\nd to ! back ( ! head1 & !re pass$ out4 ,! spongy pack+ dead5s e bl[4 ,footnote3 ,an exp]im5t resembl+ ! famili> "o ( ! balls 9 ,natural ,philosophy 7,/eele's ,popul> ,physics1 ,fig4 #f1 p4 #bf71 beautifully illu/rates ?is po9t4 ,sev]al balls ( ivory are susp5d$ by cords1 z 9 ,fig4 #e4 ,if ,a be rais$ & !n let fall1 x w transmit ! =ce to ,b1 & t to ,c1 & s on until ,f is rea*$1 :i* w fly (f ) ! impulse4 ,if n[ a ball ( spongy bone be sub/itut$ = an ivory "o any:]e 9 ! l9e1 ! =ce w be *eck$1 & ! la/ ball w n /ir4 ,! sep>ate pieces ) _! curi\s jo9+s disp]se any j> :i* "o may receive1 & also prev5t fractures f spread+4 ,,fig4 #e4 ,illu/ration ,! frequ5t op5+s 9 ?is /rong bone box af=d safe av5ues = ! passage ( num]\s n]ves & vessels :i* communicate betwe5 ! bra9 & ! re/ ( ! body4 ,,fig4 #f4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,sp9e2 ! sev5 v]tebr ( ! neck1 c]vical2 ! twelve ( ! back1 dorsal2 ! five ( ! lo9s1 lumb>2 a1 ! sacrum1 & b1 ! coccyx1 com+ ! n9e false v]tebr4 7p4 #c74 #b ,,! ,,trunk4 ,,! ,,trunk has two important cavities4 ,! upp] "p1 or *e/1 conta9s ! he>t & ! lungs1 & ! l[] "p1 or abdom51 holds ! /oma*1 liv]1 kidneys1 & o!r organs 7,fig4 #ca74 ,! pr9cipal bones are ^? ( ! sp9e1 ! ribs1 & ! hips4 ,,! ,,sp9e consi/s ( tw5ty-f\r bones1 betwe5 :i* are plac$ pads ( c>tilage4 ,footnote3 ,^! pads v>y 9 ?ickness f "o f\r? to "o half an in*4 ,!y become cond5s$ by ! weight !y be> dur+ ! day1 s t we are some:at %ort] at ev5+ ?an 9 ! morn+4 ,_! ela/icity causes !m to resume _! usual size dur+ ! night1 or :5 we lie d[n = a "t4 ,a canal is holl[$ out ( ! column = ! safe passage ( ! sp9al cord4 7,see ,fig4 #ej47 ,projections 7processes7 at ! back & on ei!r side are abundant = ! atta*m5t ( ! muscles4 ,! pack+ acts z a cu%ion to prev5t any j> f rea*+ ! bra9 :5 we jump or run1 :ile ! d\ble curve ( ! sp9e also t5ds to disp]se ! =ce ( a fall4 ,?us on e side ! utmo/ caution is tak5 to gu>d t preci\s gem 9 its casket4 ,,! ,,p]fection ,,( ,,! ,,sp9e surpasses all human contrivances4 ,its v>i\s uses seem a bundle ( contradictions4 ,a *a9 ( tw5ty-f\r bones is made s /iff t x w be> a heavy burd51 & s flexible t x w b5d l rubb]2 yet1 all ! :ile1 x transmits no %ock1 & ev5 hides a delicate n]ve )9 t w\ld ?rill ) ! slighte/ t\*4 ,re/+ ^u x1 ! bra9 is borne )\t a tremor2 &1 cl++ to x1 ! vital organs are c>ri$ )\t fe> ( h>m4 ,,fig4 #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,b1 ! fir/ c]vical v]tebra1 ! atlas2 ,a1 ! atlas1 & ! second c]vical v]tebra1 ! axis2 e1 ! odontoid process2 c1 ! =am54 ,,! ,,skull ,,articulates ) 7is jo9t$ to7 ! sp9e 9 a peculi> mann]4 ,on ! top ( ! upp] v]tebra 7atlas ,footnote3 ,?us call$ because1 z1 9 anci5t fable1 ! god ,atlas support$ ! _w on 8 %\ld]s1 s 9 ! body ?is bone be>s ! head47 are two little holl[s 7a1 b1 ,fig4 #g71 nicely pack$ & l9$ ) ! synovial membrane1 into :i* fit ! correspond+ projections on ! l[] "p ( ! skull1 & ?us ! head c rock to & fro4 ,! second v]tebra 7axis7 has a peg1 e1 :i* projects ?r\gh a hole1 c1 9 ! fir/4 ,,fig4 #h4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,?orax or ,*e/4 a1 ! /]num2 b to c1 ! true ribs2 d to h1 ! false ribs2 g1 h1 ! float+ ribs2 i1 k1 ! dorsal v]tebr4 ,! surfaces ( bo? v]tebr are s smoo? t !y easily glide on ea* o!r1 & ?us1 :5 we move ! head side wise1 ! atlas turns ar\nd ! peg1 e1 ( ! axis4 ,,! ,,ribs1 also tw5ty-f\r 9 numb]1 are arrang$ 9 pairs on ea* side ( ! *e/4 ,at ! back1 !y are all atta*$ to ! sp9e4 ,9 front1 ! upp] sev5 pairs are ti$ by c>tilages to ! brea/bone 7/]num72 ?ree are fa/5$ to ea* o!r & to ! c>tilage above1 & two1 ! float+ ribs1 are loose4 ,! natural =m ( ! *e/ is t ( a cone dim9i%+ upw>d4 ,b1 ow+ to ! tightness ( ! clo?+ commonly worn1 ! rev]se is (t5 ! case4 ,! long1 sl5d] ribs give lightness1 ,footnote3 ,if ! *e/ wall 7 9 "o bone ?ick en\gh to resi/ a bl[1 x w\ld be unwieldy & heavy ,z x is1 ! sep>ate bones b\nd by c>tilages yield gradually1 & diffuse ! =ce among !m all1 & s are r>ely brok54 ! ar*$ =m conf]s /r5g?1 & ! c>tilages imp>t ela/icity1--prop]ties ess5tial to ! protection ( ! delicate organs )91 & to fre$om ( motion 9 respiration4 7,see note1 p4 #hj47 ,,fig4 #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,pelvis4 a1 ! sacrum2 b1 b1 ! "r & ! left innom9atum4 ,,! ,,hip ,,bones1 call$ by anatomi/s ! innom9ata1 or nameless bones1 =m an irregul> bas9 /yl$ ! pelvis 7pelvis1 a bas974 ,9 ! upp] "p1 is ! foot ( ! sp9al column--a w$ge-%ap$ bone t]m$ ! sacrum ,footnote3 ,s call$ because x 0 anci5tly (f]$ 9 sacrifice4 7sacr$71 firmly plant$ "h betwe5 ! widespread+ & solid bones ( ! pelvis1 l ! key/one to an ar*1 & giv+ a /eady support to ! heavy burd5 above4 #c4 ,,! ,,limbs4 ,,two ,,sets ,,( ,,limbs bran* f ! trunk1 viz43 ! upp]1 & ! l[]4 ,!y closely resemble ea* o!r4 ,! arm corresponds to ! ?igh2 ! =e>m1 to ! leg2 ! wri/1 to ! ankle2 ! f+]s1 to ! toes4 ,! f+]s & ! toes are s mu* alike t !y receive ! same "n1 digits1 :ile ! sev]al bones ( bo? h also ! common appellation1 phalanges4 ,! diff]5ces :i* exi/ gr[ out ( _! v>y+ uses4 ,! foot is *>act]iz$ by /r5g?2 ! h&1 by mobility4 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,%\ld] ,jo9t4 a1 ! clavicle2 b1 ! scapula4 #a4 ,,! ,,upp] ,,limbs4--,,! ,,%\ld]4--,! bones ( ! %\ld] are ! coll> bone 7clavicle71 & ! %\ld] blade 7scapula74 ,! clavicle 7clavis1 a key7 is a long1 sl5d] bone1 %ap$ l ! ,italic f4 ,x is fa/5$ at "o end to ! brea/bone & ! fir/ rib1 &1 at ! o!r1 to ! %\ld] blade4 7,see ,fig4 #a47 ,x ?us holds ! %\ld] jo9t out f ! *e/1 & gives ! arm great] play4 ,if x be remov$ or brok51 ! head ( ! arm bone w fall1 & ! motions ( ! arm be greatly re/rict$4 ,footnote3 ,animals :i* use ! =elegs only = support 7z ! horse1 ox1 etc471 d n possess ?is bone4 ,x is f\nd 9 ^? t dig1 fly1 climb & seize4 ,,! ,,%\ld] ,,blade is a ?91 flat1 triangul> bone1 fitt$ to ! top & back ( ! *e/1 & design$ to give a f\ndation = ! muscles ( ! %\ld]4 ,,! ,,%\ld] ,,jo9t4--,! arm bone1 or hum]us1 articulates ) ! %\ld] blade by a ball-&-socket jo9t4 ,?is consi/s ( a cup-l cavity 9 ! latt] bone1 & a r\nd$ head 9 ! =m]1 to fit x1-- ?us af=d+ a free rot>y motion4 ,! %all[ness ( ! socket acc\nts = ! frequ5t dislocation ( ?is jo9t1 b a deep] "o w\ld dim9i% ! easy sw+ ( ! arm4 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,illu/ration3 ,bones ( ! "r ,=e>m4 ,h1 ! hum]us2 ,r1 ! radius2 & ,u1 ! ulna4 ,,! ,,elb[4--,at ! elb[1 ! hum]us articulates ) ! ulna--a sl5d] bone on ! inn] side ( ! =e>m--by a h+e jo9t :i* admits ( motion 9 only two directions1 i4 e41 backw>d & =w>d4 ,! ulna is small at its l[] end2 ! radius1 or l>ge bone ( ! =e>m1 on ! contr>y1 is small at its upp] end1 :ile x is l>ge at its l[] end1 :]e x =ms ! wri/ jo9t4 ,at ! elb[1 ! head ( ! radius is convex & fits into a %all[ cavity 9 ! ulna1 :ile at ! wri/ ! ulna plays 9 a simil> socket 9 ! radius4 ,?us ! radius may roll ov] & ev5 cross ! ulna4 ,,! ,,wri/1 or c>pus1 consi/s ( two r[s ( v irregul> bones1 "o ( :i* articulates ) ! =e>m2 ! o!r1 ) ! h&4 ,!y are plac$ side to side1 & s firmly fa/5$ z to admit ( only a glid+ motion4 ,?is gives little play1 b great /r5g?1 ela/icity1 & p[] ( resi/+ %ocks4 ,,! ,,h&4--,! metac>pal 7meta1 beyond2 k>pos1 wri/71 or bones ( ! palm1 support ea* a ?umb or a f+]4 ,ea* f+] has ?ree bones1 :ile ! ?umb has only two4 ,! fir/ bone ( ! ?umb1 /&+ ap>t f ! re/1 enjoys a special fre$om ( motion1 & adds greatly to ! usefulness ( ! h&4 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,illu/ration3 ,bones ( ! ,h& & ! ,wri/4 ,! fir/ bone 7,figs4 #aa1 #ab7 ( ea* f+] is s atta*$ to ! correspond+ metac>pal bone z to move 9 sev]al directions ^u x1 b ! o!r phalanges =m h+e jo9ts4 ,! f+]s are nam$ 9 ord]3 ! ?umb1 ! index1 ! middle1 ! r+1 & ! little f+]4 ,_! diff]5t l5g?s cause !m to fit ! holl[ ( ! h& :5 x is clos$1 & probably enable u m easily to grasp objects ( v>y+ size4 ,if ! h& clasps a ball1 ! tips ( ! f+]s w be 9 a /raight l9e4 ,! h& 9 its p]fection belongs only to man4 ,its elegance ( outl9e1 delicacy ( mold1 & beauty ( color h made x ! /udy ( arti/s2 :ile its exquisite mobility & adaptation z a p]fect in/rum5t h l$ _m philosoph]s to attribute man's sup]iority ev5 m to ! h& ?an to ! m9d4 ,footnote3 ,h[ con/antly ! h& aids u 9 expla9+ or en=c+ a ?\ght6 ,we affirm a fact by plac+ ! h& z if we w\ld re/ x firmly on a body2 we d5y by a ge/ure putt+ ! false or errone\s proposition away f u2 we express d\bt by hold+ ! h& susp5d$1 z if hesitat+ :e!r to take or reject4 ,:5 we "p f de> fri5ds1 or greet !m aga9 aft] long abs5ce1 ! h& ext5ds t[>d !m z if to reta91 or to br+ !m soon] to u4 ,if a recital or a proposition is revolt+1 we reject x en]getically 9 ge/ure z 9 ?\ght4 ,9 a fri5dly adieu we wave our good wi%es to him :o is _! object2 b :5 x expresses enmity1 by a brusque movem5t we sev] e tie4 ,! op5 h& is c>ri$ backw>d to express fe> or horror1 z well z to avoid contact2 x goes =w>d to meet ! h& ( fri5d%ip2 x is rais$ suppliantly 9 pray] t[>d ,him f :om we hope = help2 x c>esses lov+ly ! d[ny *eek ( ! infant1 & re/s on its head invok+ ! bless+ ( ,heav51--,wond]s ( ! ,human ,body4 ,,fig4 #ac4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,me*anism ( ! ,hip ,jo9t4 #b4 ,,! ,,l[] ,,limbs4--,,! ,,hip--,! ?igh bone1 or femur1 is ! l>ge/ & necess>ily ! /ronge/ 9 ! skeleton1 s9ce at e /ep x has to be> ! weight ( ! :ole body4 ,x articulates ) ! hip bone by a ball-&-socket jo9t4 ,unlike ! %\ld] jo9t1 ! cup "h is deep1 ?us af=d+ less play1 b great] /r5g?4 ,x fits s tightly t ! pressure ( ! air l>gely aids 9 keep+ ! bones 9 place4 ,footnote3 ,9 ord] to te/ ?is1 a hole 0 bor$ ?r\gh a hip bone1 s z to admit air into ! socket1 ! ?igh bone at once fell out z f> z ! ligam5ts w\ld p]mit4 ,an exp]im5t 0 also devis$ :]eby a suitably prep>$ hip jo9t 0 plac$ "u ! receiv] ( an air pump4 ,on exhau/+ ! air1 ! weight ( ! femur caus$ x to drop out ( ! socket1 :ile ! readmission ( ! air rais$ x to its place4 ,)\t ?is arrangem5t1 ! adjac5t muscles w\ld h be5 compell$ to be> ! additional weight ( ! ?ighbone e "t x 0 rais$4 ,n[ ! pressure ( ! air rids !m ( ?is unnecess>y burd51 & h5ce !y are less easily fatigu$--,,web] ,inde$1 :5 ! muscles are cut away1 great =ce is requir$ to deta* ! limbs4 ,,! ,,knee is /r5g!n$ by ! patella1 or kneepan 7patella1 little di%71 a *e/nut-%ap$ bone firmly fa/5$ ov] ! jo9t4 ,! %9 bone1 or tibia1 ! l>ge1 triangul> bone on ! inn] side ( ! leg1 articulates bo? ) ! femur & ! foot by h+e jo9ts4 ,! kneejo9t is s made1 h[ev]1 z to admit ( a slight rot>y motion :5 ! limb is n ext5d$4 ,! fibula 7fibula1 a clasp71 ! small1 outside bone ( ! leg1 is firmly b\nd at ea* end to ! tibia4 7,see ,fig4 #a47 ,x is immovable1 &1 z ! tibia be>s ! pr9cipal weight ( ! body1 ! *ief use ( ?is second bone seems to be to give m surface to :i* ! muscles may be atta*$4 ,footnote3 ,a "y man 9 ! hospital at ,limoges _h lo/ ! middle "p ( 8 tibia4 ,! lo/ bone 0 n reproduc$1 b ! fibula1 ! naturally weak & sl5d] "p ( ! leg1 became ?ick & /rong en\gh to support ! :ole body4--,,/anley',s ,lectures4 ,,! ,,foot4--,! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! foot is /rik+ly l t ( ! h& 7,fig4 #a74 ,! sev]al p>ts are ! t>sus1 ! metat>sus1 & ! phalanges4 ,! graceful ar* ( ! foot1 & ! num]\s bones jo9$ by c>tilages1 give an ela/icity to ! /ep t c\ld nev] be atta9$ by a s+le1 flat bone4 ,footnote3 ,! foot consi/s ( an ar*1 ! base ( :i* is m ext5d$ 9 front ?an beh9d1 & ! :ole weight ( ! body is made to fall on ?is ar* by means ( a v>iety ( jo9ts4 ,^! jo9ts fur!r enable ! foot to be appli$1 )\t inconv5i5ce1 to r\gh & unev5 surfaces4--,,h9ton4 ,! toes naturally lie /raight =w>d 9 ! l9e ( ! foot4 ,few p]sons 9 civiliz$ nations1 h[ev]1 h naturally =m$ feet4 ,! big toe is cr[d$ ^u ! o!rs1 :ile cross$ toes1 nails gr[n-91 enorm\s jo9ts1 corns1 & bunions ab\nd4 ,,! ,,cause ,,( ,,^! ,,de=mities is f\nd 9 ! %ape & size ( fa%ionable boots & %oes4 ,! sole ought to be l>ge en\gh = full play ( motion1 ! upp]s %\ld n cr[d ! toes1 & ! heels %\ld be l[1 flat1 & broad4 ,z x is1 !re is a con/ant w>f>e betwe5 ,nature & our %oemak]s1 ,footnote3 ,:5 we are measur$ = boots or %oes1 we %\ld /& on a %eet ( pap]1 & h ! %oemak] m>k ) a p5cil ! exact outl9e ( our feet z !y be> our :ole weight4 ,:5 ! %oe is made1 ! sole %\ld exactly cov] ?is outl9e4 & we are ! victims4 ,! n>r[ po9t 9 front p9*es our toes1 & compels !m to ov]ride "o ano!r2 ! n>r[ sole compresses ! ar*2 :ile ! high heel1 by ?r[+ all ! weight =w>d on ! toes1 /ra9s ! ankle1 &1 by s5d+ ! pressure :]e ,nature did n design x to fall1 causes t jo9t to become enl>g$4 ,! body b5ds =w>d to meet ! dem& ( ?is new motion1 & ?us loses its uprightness & beauty1 mak+ our gait /iff & ungraceful4 7,see p4 #bga47 ,,diseases1 ,,etc4--l4 ,rickets1 a disease ( e>ly life1 is caus$ by a lack ( m9]al matt] 9 ! bones1 r5d]+ !m s(t & pliable1 s t !y b5d "u ! weight ( ! body4 ,!y ?us become p]man5tly di/ort$1 & ( c\rse are weak] ?an if !y 7 /raight1 ,footnote3 ,j "h appe>s an exce$+ly beautiful provision4 ,z soon z ! disproportion ( animal matt] ceases1 a l>g] supply ( m9]al is s5t to ! weak po9ts1 & ! bones actually become ?ick]1 d5s]1 h>d]1 & consequ5tly /rong] at ! v concave "p :]e ! /ress ( pressure is greate/4--,,watson',s ,lectures4 ,we %all (t5 h occasion to ref] to simil> wise & provid5tial arrangem5ts :]eby ! body is enabl$ to rem$y defects1 & to prep>e = accid5ts4 ,rickets is mo/ common among *ildr5 :o h inh]it$ a feeble con/itution & :o are ill f$1 or :o live 9 damp1 ill-v5tilat$ h\ses4 ,rickety *ildr5 %\ld h pl5ty ( fre% air & sunlight1 n\ri%+ food1 com=table clo?+1 &1 9 %ort1 ! be/ ( hygi5ic c>e4 #b4 ,a ,felon is a swell+ ( ! f+] or ?umb1 usually ( ! la/ jo9t4 ,x is m>k$ by an accumulation b5ea? ! p]io/eum & next ! bone4 ,! physician w m]ely cut ?r\gh ! p]io/eum1 & let out ! effete matt]4 #c4 ,b[legs are caus$ by *ildr5 /&+ on _! feet be=e ! bones ( ! l[] limbs are /rong en\gh to be> _! weight4 ,! cu/om ( enc\rag+ "y *ildr5 to /& by means ( a *air or ! support ( ! h&1 :ile ! bones are yet s(t & pliable1 is a cruel "o1 & liable to produce p]man5t de=mity4 ,nature w set ! *ild on its feet :5 ! prop] "t comes4 #d4 ,curvature ( ! ,sp9e4--,:5 ! sp9e is b5t1 ! pack+ betwe5 ! v]tebr becomes compress$ on "o side into a w$ge-l %ape4 ,aft] a "t1 x w lose its ela/icity1 & ! sp9e w become di/ort$4 ,?is (t5 occurs 9 ! case ( /ud5ts :o b5d =w>d to br+ _! eyes ne>] _! books1 in/ead ( lift+ _! books ne>] _! eyes1 or :o raise _! "r %\ld] above _! left :5 writ+ at a desk :i* is too high4 ,r\nd %\ld]s1 small1 weak lungs1 &1 frequ5tly1 diseases ( ! sp9e are ! consequ5ces4 ,an erect po/ure 9 read+ or writ+ conduces n alone to beauty ( =m1 b also to heal? ( body4 ,we %all le>n h]eaft] t ! action ( ! muscles be>s an important "p 9 pres]v+ ! symmetry ( ! sp9e4 ,muscul> /r5g? comes f bodily activity2 h5ce1 "o ( ! be/ prev5tives ( sp9al curvature is daily ex]cise 9 ! op5 air4 #e4 ,spra9s are produc$ :5 ! ligam5ts :i* b9d ! bones ( a jo9t are /ra9$1 twi/$1 or torn f _! atta*m5ts4 ,!y are q z s]i\s z a brok5 bone1 & require c>eful att5tion le/ !y lead to a crippl+ = life4 ,by premature use a spra9$ limb may be p]man5tly impair$4 ,h5ce1 ! jo9t %\ld be kept quiet1 ev5 aft] ! imm$iate pa9 is gone4 #f4 ,a ,dislocation is ! =cible displacem5t ( a bone f its socket4 ,x is1 g5]ally1 ! result ( a fall or a viol5t bl[4 ,! tissues ( ! jo9t are (t5 ruptur$1 :ile ! contraction ( ! muscles prev5ts ! easy return ( ! bone to its place4 ,a dislocation %\ld be r$uc$ z soon z possible aft] ! injury1 be=e inflammation sup]v5es4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,:y does n a fall hurt a *ild z mu* z x does a gr[n p]son8 #b4 ,%\ld a "y *ild ev] be urg$ to /& or walk8 #c4 ,:at is meant by break+ "o's neck8 #d4 ,%\ld *airs or b5*es h /raight backs8 #e4 ,%\ld a *ild's feet be all[$ to dangle f a high seat8 #f4 ,:y c we tell :e!r a f[l is "y by press+ on ! po9t ( ! brea/bone8 #g4 ,:at is ! use ( ! m>r[ 9 ! bones8 #h4 ,:y is ! %\ld] s (t5 put out ( jo9t8 #i4 ,h[ c y tie a knot 9 a bone8 #aj4 ,:y are high pill[s injuri\s8 #aa4 ,is a /oop+ po/ure a heal?ful position8 #ab4 ,%\ld a boot h a heel piece8 #ac4 ,:y %\ld "o always sit & walk erect8 #ad4 ,:y does a "y *ild creep r ?an walk8 #ae4 ,:at is ! natural direction ( ! big toe8 #af4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 a spra9 & a fracture8 ,a dislocation8 #ag4 ,does ! g5]al heal? ( ! sy/em affect ! /r5g? ( ! bones8 #ah4 ,is liv+ bone s5sitive8 ,ans4--,scrape a bone1 & its vessels ble$2 cut or bore a bone1 & its granulations spr\t up2 break a bone1 & x w heal2 cut a piece away1 & m bone w readily be produc$2 hurt x 9 any way1 & x inflames2 burn x1 & x dies4 ,take any pro( ( s5sibility b ! m]e feel+ ( pa91 & x w answ] to ! pro(4--,,bell',s ,anatomy4 ,animal s5sibility w\ld be inconv5i5t2 x is !re=e n to be f\nd except 9 diseas$ bone1 :]e x sometimes exhibits itself too acutely4--,,todd',s ,cyclop$ia ( ,anatomy4 #ai4 ,is ! con/itution ( bone ! same 9 animals z 9 man8 ,ans4--,! bones ( quadrup$s d n diff] mu* f ^? ( man4 ,9 g5]al !y are ( a co>s] texture1 & 9 "s1 z 9 ^? ( ! elephant's head1 we f9d ext5sive air cells4--,,todd',s ,anatomy4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,muscles4 ,behold ! outw>d mov+ frame1 ,its liv+ m>bles jo9t$ /rong ,) gli/5+ b& & silv]y ?ong1 ,& l9k'd to reason's guid+ re9s ,by myriad r+s 9 trembl+ *a9s1 ,ea* grav5 ) ! ?read$ zone ,:i* claims x z ! ,ma/]'s own4 ,,holmes4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,muscles4 #a4 ,! ,use ( ! ,muscles4 #b4 ,contractility ( ! ,muscles4 #c4 ,arrangem5t ( ! ,muscles4 #a4 ,,! ,,use1 ,,/ructure #d4 ,! two ,k9ds ( ,muscles4 ,,& ,,action ,,( ,,! #e4 ,! ,/ructure ( ! ,muscles4 ,,muscles4 #f4 ,! ,t5dons = ,fa/5+ ,muscles4 #g4 ,! ,muscles & ,bones z ,lev]s4 #h4 ,! ,effect ( ,big ,jo9ts4 #i4 ,action ( ! ,muscles 9 ,walk+4 #aj4 ,action ( ! ,muscles 9 ,walk+4 #b4 ,,! ,,muscul> ,,s5se4 #c4 ,,hygi5e ,,( ,,! #a4 ,necessity ( ,ex]cise4 ,,muscles4 #b4 ,"t = ,ex]cise4 #c4 ,k9ds ( ,ex]cise4 #d4 ,,wond]s ,,( ,,! ,,muscles4 #a4 ,/4 ,vitus's ,dance4 #b4 ,convul/ions4 #c4 ,lock$-jaw4 #e4 ,,diseases4 #d4 ,g\t4 #e4 ,rheumatism4 #f4 ,lumbago4 #g4 ,a ,ganglion4 ,,fig4 #ad4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,muscles4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,muscles4--,! skeleton is ! image ( dea?4 ,its unsightly appe>ance in/9ctively repels u4 ,we h se51 h[ev]1 :at uses x subs]ves 9 ! body1 & h[ ! ugly-look+ bones ab\nd 9 nice contrivances & +5i\s workman%ip4 ,9 life1 ! framework is hidd5 by ! fle%4 ,?is cov]+ is a mass ( muscles1 :i* by _! arrangem5t & _! prop]ties n only give =m & symmetry to ! body1 b also produce its v>i$ movem5ts4 ,9 ,fig4 #ad1 we see ! l>ge ext]ior muscles4 ,b5ea? ^! are _m o!rs2 :ile deeply hidd5 )9 are t9y1 delicate ones1 too small to be se5 ) ! nak$ eye4 ,!re are1 9 all1 ab\t five hundr$1 ea* hav+ its special use1 & all work+ 9 exquisite h>mony & p]fection4 ,,contractility4--,! peculi> prop]ty ( ! muscles is _! p[] ( contraction1 :]eby !y decrease 9 l5g? & increase 9 ?ickness4 ,footnote3 ,! maximum =ce ( ?is contraction has be5 e/imat$ z high z f eighty-five to "o hundr$ & f\rte5 p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,?is may be caus$ by an ef=t ( ! w1 by cold1 by a %>p bl[1 etc4 ,x does n cease at dea?1 b1 9 c]ta9 cold-blood$ animals1 a contraction ( ! muscles is (t5 notic$ long aft] ! head has be5 cut (f4 ,,arrangem5t ,,( ,,! ,,muscles4 ,footnote3 ,c\ld we behold prop]ly ! muscul> fib]s 9 op]ation1 no?+1 z a m]e me*anical exhibition1 c be conceiv$ m sup]b ?an ! intricate & comb9$ actions t mu/ take place dur+ our mo/ common movem5ts4 ,look at a p]son runn+ or leap+1 or wat* ! motions ( ! eye4 ,h[ rapid1 h[ delicate1 h[ complicat$1 & yet h[ accurate1 are ! motions requir$6 ,?9k ( ! endurance ( su* a muscle z ! he>t1 t c contract1 ) a =ce equal to sixty p\nds1 sev5ty-five times e m9ute1 = eighty ye>s toge!r1 )\t be+ we>y4--,! muscles are ne>ly all arrang$ 9 pairs1 ea* ) its antagoni/1 s t1 z !y contract & exp& alt]nately1 ! bone to :i* !y are atta*$ is mov$ to & fro4 7,see p4 #bge47 ,if y grasp ! arm tightly ) y\r h& j above ! elb[ jo9t1 & b5d ! =e>m1 y w feel ! muscle on ! inside 7biceps1 a1 ,fig4 #ad7 swell1 & become h>d & prom95t1 :ile ! outside muscle 7triceps1 f7 w be relax$4 ,n[ /raight5 ! arm1 & ! swell+ & h>dness ( ! inside muscle w vani%1 :ile ! outside "o w1 9 turn1 become rigid4 ,s1 also1 if y clasp ! arm j bel[ ! elb[1 & !n op5 & %ut ! f+]s1 y c feel ! alt]nate exp&+ & relax+ ( ! muscles on opposite sides ( ! arms4 ,if ! muscles on "o side ( ! face become palsi$1 ^? on ! o!r side w draw ! m\? t way4 ,squ9t+ is caus$ by "o ( ! /raight muscles ( ! eye 7,fig4 #ag7 contract+ m /rongly ?an its antagoni/4 ,,k9ds ,,( ,,muscles4--,!re are two k9ds ( muscles1 ! volunt>y1 :i* are "u ! control ( our w1 & ! involunt>y1 :i* are n4 ,?us our limbs /iff5 or relax z we please1 b ! he>t beats on by day & by night4 ,! eyelid1 h[ev]1 is bo? volunt>y & involunt>y1 s t :ile we w9k con/antly )\t ef=t1 we c1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 re/ra9 or control ! motion4 ,,/ructure ,,( ,,! ,,muscles4--,if we take a piece ( lean beef & wa% out ! r$ color1 we c easily detect ! f9e fib]s ( :i* ! meat is compos$4 ,9 boil+ corn$ beef = ! table1 ! fib]s (t5 sep>ate1 ow+ to ! dissolv+ ( ! delicate tissue :i* b\nd !m toge!r4 ,by means ( ! microscope1 we f9d t ^! fib]s are made up ( m9ute filam5ts 7fibrils71 & t ea* fibril is compos$ ( a r[ ( small cells arrang$ l a /r+ ( beads4 ,?is gives ! muscles a peculi> /rip$ 7/riat$7 appe>ance4 ,footnote3 ,! involunt>y muscles consi/ g5]ally ( smoo?1 fibr\s tissue1 & =m %eets or membranes 9 ! walls ( holl[ organs4 ,by _! contraction !y *ange ! size ( cavities :i* !y inclose4 ,"s functions1 h[ev]1 l ! action ( ! he>t1 or ! movem5ts ( deglutition 7swall[+71 require ! rapid1 vigor\s contraction1 *>act]i/ic ( ! volunt>y muscul> tissue--,,fl9t4 7,see p4 #bgf47 ,! cells are fill$ ) a fluid or semifluid mass ( liv+ 7protoplasmic7 matt]4 ,,fig4 #ae4 ,illu/ration3 ,microscopic view ( a ,muscle1 %[+1 at "o end1 ! fibrill2 &1 at ! o!r1 ! disks1 or cells1 ( ! fib]4 ,! b9d+ ( s _m ?reads into "o bundle ,footnote3 ,we %all le>n h]eaft] h[ ^! fib]s are firmly ti$ toge!r by a me% ( f9e connective tissue :i* dissolves 9 boil+1 z j describ$ conf]s great /r5g?1 accord+ to a me*anical pr9ciple t we see exemplifi$ 9 susp5sion bridges1 :]e ! weight is su/a9$1 n by b>s ( iron1 b by small wires twi/$ into massive ropes4 ,,fig4 #af4 ,illu/ration3 ,t5dons ( ! ,h&4 ,,! ,,t5dons4--,! ends ( ! muscles are g5]ally atta*$ to ! bone by /rong1 flexible1 b inela/ic t5dons4 ,footnote3 ,! t5dons may be easily se5 9 ! leg ( a turkey z x comes on our table2 s we may /udy ,physiology :ile we pick ! bones4 ,! muscul> fib]s spr+ f ! sides ( ! t5don1 s t m ( !m c act ^u ! bone ?an if !y w5t directly to x4 ,besides1 ! small1 ins5sible t5don c bett] be> ! exposure ( pass+ ov] a jo9t1 & be m easily lodg$ 9 "s protect+ groove1 ?an ! broad1 s5sitive muscle4 ,?is mode ( atta*m5t gives to ! limbs /r5g?1 & elegance ( =m4 ,?us1 = example1 if ! l>ge muscles ( ! arm ext5d$ to ! h&1 !y w\ld make x bulky & clumsy4 ,! t5dons1 h[ev]1 rea* only to ! wri/1 :5ce f9e cords pass to ! f+]s 7,fig4 #af74 ,"h we notice two o!r admirable arrangem5ts4 #a4 ,if ! long t5dons at ! wri/ on contract+ %\ld rise1 projections w\ld be made & ?us ! beauty ( ! sl5d] jo9t be m>r$4 ,to prev5t ?is1 a /\t b& or bracelet ( ligam5t holds !m d[n to _! place4 #b4 ,9 ord] to all[ ! t5don :i* moves ! la/ jo9t ( ! f+] to pass ?r\gh1 ! t5don :i* moves ! second jo9t divides at its atta*m5t to ! bone 7,fig4 #af74 ,?is is ! mo/ economical mode ( pack+ ! muscles1 z any o!r practicable arrangem5t w\ld increase ! bulk ( ! sl5d] f+]4 ,,fig4 #ag4 ,illu/ration3 ,muscles ( ! ,"r ,eye3 ,a1 sup]ior /raight1 ,b1 sup]ior oblique pass+ ?r\gh a pulley1 ,d2 ,g1 inf]ior oblique1 ,h1 ext]nal /raight1 &1 back ( x1 ! int]nal /raight muscle4 ,s9ce ! t5don c n always pull 9 ! direction ( ! desir$ motion1 "s contrivance is necess>y to meet ! want4 ,! t5don 7,b7 belong+ to "o ( ! muscles ( ! eye1 = example1 passes ?r\gh a r+ ( c>tilage1 & ?us a rot>y motion is secur$4 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ?ree classes ( ,lev]s1 & also ! foot z a ,lev]4 ,,! ,,lev]s ,,( ,,! ,,body4 ,footnote3 ,a lev] is a /iff b> re/+ on a po9t ( support1 call$ ! fulcrum 7,f71 & hav+ connect$ ) x a weight 7,w7 to be lift$1 & a p[] 7,p7 to move x4 ,!re are ?ree classes ( lev]s accord+ to ! arrangem5t ( ! p[]1 weight1 & fulcrum4 ,9 ! fir/ class1 ! ,f is betwe5 ! ,p & ,w2 9 ! second1 ! ,w is betwe5 ! ,p & ,f2 & 9 ! ?ird1 ! ,p is betwe5 ! ,w & ,f 7,fig4 #ah74 ,a pump h&le is an example ( ! fir/2 a lemon squeez]1 ( ! second2 & a pair ( fire tongs1 ( ! ?ird4 ,see ,popul> ,physics1 pp4 #ha-hc1 = a full description ( ?is subject1 & = _m illu/rations4--,9 produc+ ! motions ( ! body1 ! muscles use ! bones z lev]s4 ,we see an illu/ration ( ! fir/ class ( lev]s 9 ! movem5ts ( ! head4 ,! back or front ( ! head is ! weight to be lift$1 ! backbone is ! fulcrum on :i* ! lev] turns1 & ! muscles at ! back or front ( ! neck ex]t ! p[] by :i* we toss or b[ ! head4 ,,fig4 #ai4 ,illu/ration3 ,! h& z a ,lev] ( ! ?ird class4 ,:5 we raise ! body on tiptoe1 we h an in/ance ( ! second class4 ,"h1 our toes re/+ on ! gr\nd =m ! fulcrum ! muscles ( ! calf 7gas-troc-ne'-mi-u1 j & s-le'-u1 ,fig4 #ad71 act+ ?r\gh ! t5don ( ! heel1 ,footnote3 ,?is is call$ ! ,t5don ( ,a*illes 7k1 ,fig4 #ad7 & is s nam$ because1 z ! fable runs1 :5 ,a*illes 0 an infant 8 "m held him by ! heel :ile %e dipp$ him 9 ! ,riv] ,/yx1 ^: wat] _h ! p[] ( r5d]+ "o invuln]able to any weapon4 ,8 heel1 n be+ wet1 0 8 weak po9t1 to :i* ,p>is direct$ ! fatal arr[--,?is t5don1 says ,mapo!r1 w be> "o ?\s& p\nds weight be=e x w break4 ,! horse is said to be ham/rung1 & is r5d]$ useless1 :5 ! ,t5don ( ,a*illes is cut4 7see p4 #bhd47 are ! p[] & ! weight is borne by ! ankle jo9t4 ,an illu/ration ( ! ?ird class is f\nd 9 lift+ ! h& f ! elb[4 ,! h& is ! weight1 ! elb[ ! fulcrum1 & ! p[] is appli$ by ! biceps muscle at its atta*m5t to ! radius 7,a1 ,fig4 #ai47 ,9 ?is =m ( ! lev] !re is great loss ( =ce1 because x is appli$ at su* a di/ance f ! weight1 b !re is a ga9 ( velocity1 s9ce ! h& moves s f> by su* a slight contraction ( ! muscle4 ,! h& is requir$ to p]=m quick motions1 & !re=e ?is mode ( atta*m5t is desirable4 ,! ne>] ! p[] is appli$ to ! resi/ance1 ! m easily ! "w is done4 ,9 ! l[] jaw1 = example1 ! jaw is ! weight1 ! fulcrum is ! h+e jo9t at ! back1 & ! muscles 7temporal1 d1 & ! mas'-se't]1 e1 ,fig4 #ad7 on ea* side are ! p[]4 ,footnote3 ,we may feel ! contraction ( ! masset] by plac+ our h& on ! face :5 we "w ! jaw1 :ile ! temporal c be readily detect$ by putt+ ! f+]s on ! temple :ile we are *ew+4 ,! t5don ( ! muscle 7diga/ric7--"o ( ^? :i* op5 ! jaw--passes ?r\gh a pulley 7c1 ,fig4 #ad7 some:at l ! "o 9 ! eye4 ,!y act mu* clos] to ! resi/ance ?an ^? 9 ! h&1 s9ce "h we desire =ce1 & !re1 spe$4 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,kneejo9t2 k1 ! patella2 f1 ! t5don4 ,,! ,,enl>gem5t ,,( ,,! ,,bones ,,at ,,! ,,jo9ts n only af=ds great] surface = ! atta*m5t ( ! muscles1 z we h se51 b also enables !m to "w to bett] advantage4 ,?us1 9 ,fig4 #bj x is evid5t t a muscle act+ 9 ! l9e f b w\ld n b5d ! l[] limb s easily z if x 7 act+ 9 ! l9e f k1 s9ce 9 ! =m] case its =ce w\ld be ab\t all sp5t 9 draw+ ! bones m closely toge!r1 :ile 9 ! latt] x w\ld pull m ne>ly at a "r angle4 ,?us ! t5don f1 by pass+ ov] ! patella1 :i* is itself pu%$ out by ! protub]ance b ( ! ?igh bone1 pulls at a l>g] angle1 ,footnote3 ,! *ief use ( ! processes ( ! sp9e 7,fig4 #f7 & o!r bones is1 9 ! same way1 to ?r[ out ! po9t on :i* ! p[] acts z f> f ! fulcrum z possible4 ,! projections ( ! ulna 7funny bone7 beh9d ! elb[1 & t ( ! heel bone to :i* ! ,t5don ( ,a*illes is atta*$1 are excell5t illu/rations 7,fig4 #a74 & s ! leg is ?r[n =w>d ) ease 9 walk+ & ) great =ce 9 kick+4 ,,h[ ,,we ,,/& ,,erect4--,! jo9ts play s easily1 & ! c5t] ( gravity 9 ! body is s f> above ! foot1 t ! skeleton c n ( itself hold our bodies upright4 ,?us x requires ! action ( _m muscles to ma9ta9 ?is position4 ,! head s re/s ^u ! sp9e z to t5d to fall 9 front1 b ! muscles ( ! neck /eady x 9 its place4 ,footnote3 ,9 animals ! jaws are s heavy1 & ! place :]e ! head & sp9e jo9 is s f> back1 t !re c be no balance z !re is 9 man4 ,!re are !re=e l>ge muscles 9 _! necks4 ,we readily f9d t we h none if we get on all f\rs & try to hold up ! head4 ,on ! o!r h&1 gorillas & apes c n /& erect l man1 = ! reason t _! head1 trunk1 legs1 etc41 are n balanc$ by muscles1 s z to be 9 l9e ) "o ano!r4 ,! hips incl9e =w>d1 b are held erect by ! /rong muscles ( ! back4 ,! trunk is nicely balanc$ on ! head ( ! ?igh bones4 ,! great muscles ( ! ?igh act+ ov] ! kneepan t5d to b5d ! body =w>d1 b ! muscles ( ! calf neutralize ?is action4 ,! ankle1 ! knee1 & ! hip lie 9 ne>ly ! same l9e1 & ?us ! weight ( ! body re/s directly on ! key/one ( ! ar* ( ! foot4 ,s p]fectly d ^! muscles act t we nev] ?9k ( !m until sci5ce calls our att5tion to ! subject1 & yet to acquire ! necess>y skill to use !m 9 our infancy ne$$ pati5t lessons1 mu* "t1 & _m h>d knocks4 ,,fig4 #ba4 ,illu/ration3 ,action ( ! ,muscles :i* keep ! body erect4 ,,h[ ,,we ,,walk4--,walk+ is z complex an act z /&+4 ,x is really a p]il\s p]=mance1 :i* has become safe only because ( con/ant practice4 ,we see h[ viol5t x is :5 we run aga9/ a po/ 9 ! d>k1 & f9d ) :at headlong =ce we 7 hurl+ ourselves =w>d4 ,holmes has well def9$ walk+ z a p]petual fall+ ) a con/ant self-recov]y4 ,/&+ on "o foot1 we let ! body fall =w>d1 :ile we sw+ ! o!r leg ahead l a p5dulum4 ,plant+ t foot on ! gr\nd1 to save ! body f fall+ f>!r1 we !n sw+ ! fir/ foot =w>d aga9 to repeat ! same op]ation4 ,footnote3 ,x is a curi\s fact t "o side ( ! body t5ds to outwalk ! o!r2 & s1 :5 a man is lo/ 9 ! woods1 he (t5 goes 9 a circle1 & at la/ comes r\nd to ! spot :5ce he />t$4 ,! %ort] ! p5dulum1 ! m rapidly x vibrates2 & s %ort- legg$ p take quick] & %ort] /eps ?an long-legg$ ones4 ,footnote3 ,9 ?is respect1 ,tom ,?umb 0 to ,magra?1 ^: skeleton1 eight & "o half feet high1 is n[ 9 ! ,dubl9 ,museum1 :at a little fa/-tick+1 ,fr5* mantel clock is to a big1 old-fa%ion$1 upright1 corn] timepiece4 ,we are %ort] :5 walk+ ?an :5 /&+ /ill1 because ( ?is fall+ =w>d to take a /ep 9 advance4 ,footnote3 ,wom5 f9d t a g[n t w sw+ cle> ( ! gr\nd :5 !y are /&+ /ill1 w drag ! /reet :5 !y are walk+4 ,! l5g? ( ! /ep may be increas$ by muscul> ef=t1 z :5 a l9e ( soldi]s keep /ep 9 spite ( _! hav+ legs ( diff]5t l5g?s4 ,su* a mode ( walk+ is necess>ily fatigu+4 7,see p4 #bhj47 ,9 runn+1 we incl9e ! body m1 & s1 z x 71 fall fa/]4 ,:5 we walk1 "o foot is on ! gr\nd all ! "t1 & !re is an in/ant :5 bo? feet are plant$ ^u x2 b 9 runn+ !re is an int]val ( "t 9 ea* /ep :5 bo? feet are (f ! gr\nd1 & ! body is :olly unsupport$4 ,z we /ep alt]nately ) ! feet1 we are incl9$ to turn ! body fir/ to "o side & !n to ! o!r4 ,?is movem5t is sometimes c\nt]balanc$ by sw++ ! h& on ! opposite side4 ,footnote3 ,9 ord9>y walk+ ! spe$ is ne>ly f\r miles an h\r1 & c be kept up = a long p]iod4 ,b ex]cise & a special aptitude = x enable "s m5 to walk great di/ances 9 a relatively %ort space ( "t4 ,tra9$ walk]s h gone sev5ty-five miles 9 tw5ty h\rs1 & walk$ ! di/ance ( ?irty-sev5 miles at ! rate ( five miles an h\r4 ,! m\nta9e]s ( ! ,alps are g5]ally good walk]s1 & "s ( !m are n less rem>kable = endurance ?an = spe$4 ,jacques ,balmat1 :o 0 ! fir/ to rea* ! summit ( ,mont ,blanc1 at sixte5 ye>s ( age c\ld walk f ! hamlet ( ! ,pl]9s to ! m\nta9 ( ,la ,cte 9 two h\rs1--a di/ance :i* ! be/- tra9$ travel]s requir$ f five to six h\rs to get ov]4 ,at ! "t ( 8 la/ attempt to rea* ! top ( ,mont ,blanc1 ?is same guide1 !n tw5ty ye>s old1 pass$ six days & f\r nights )\t sleep+ or repos+ a s+le mom5t4 ,"o ( 8 sons1 d\>d ,balmat1 left ,p>is to jo9 8 regim5t at ,g5oa2 he rea*$ ,*am\ni ! fif? day at ev5+1 hav+ walk$ ?ree hundr$ & =ty miles4 ,aft] re/+ two days1 he set (f aga9 = ,g5oa1 :]e he arriv$ 9 two days4 ,sev]al ye>s aft]w>d1 ?is same man left ! ba?s at ,l\*e at two o'clock 9 ! morn+1 & rea*$ ,*am\ni at n9e 9 ! ev5+1 hav+ walk$ a di/ance equal to ab\t sev5ty-five miles 9 n9ete5 h\rs4 ,9 #ahdd1 an old guide ( ,de ,saussure1 eighty ye>s old1 left ! hamlet ( ,prats1 9 ! valley ( ,*am\ni1 9 ! aft]noon1 & rea*$ ! ,gr&-,mulets at t5 9 ! ev5+2 !n1 aft] re/+ "s h\rs1 he climb$ ! glaci] to ! vic9ity ( ! ,gr& ,plateau1 :i* has an altitude ( ab\t ?irte5 ?\s& feet1 & !n return$ to 8 village )\t /opp+4--,wond]s ( ! ,body4 ,,! ,,muscul> ,,s5se4--,:5 we lift an object1 we feel a s5sation ( weight1 :i* we c comp>e ) t exp]i5c$ 9 lift+ ano!r body4 ,footnote3 ,if a small ivory ball be all[$ to roll d[n ! *eek t[>d ! lips1 x w appe> to increase 9 weight4 ,9 g5]al1 ! m s5sitive p>ts ( ! body recognize small] diff]5ces 9 weight1 & ! "r h& is m accurate ?an ! left4 ,we are v apt1 h[ev]1 to judge ( ! weight ( a body f previ\s conceptions4 ,?us1 %ortly aft] ,sir ,humphrey ,davy discov]$ ! metal potassium1 he plac$ a piece ( x 9 ! h& ( ,dr4 ,pi]son1 :o exclaim$3 ,bless me6 ,h[ heavy x is6 ,really1 h[ev]1 potassium is s light t x w float on wat] l cork4 ,by balanc+ x 9 ! h&4 ,! muscul> s5se is useful to u 9 _m ways4 ,x guides u 9 /&+ or mov+4 ,we gratify x :5 we walk erect & ) an ela/ic /ep1 & by danc+1 jump+1 skat+1 & gymna/ic ex]cises4 ,,necessity ,,( ,,ex]cise4--,! effect ( ex]cise ^u a muscle is v m>k$4 ,footnote3 ,! great] size ( ! brea/ 7pectoral muscle7 ( a pigeon1 z comp>$ ) t ( a duck1 %[s h[ muscle increases ) use4 ,! brea/ ( a *ick5 is :ite because x is n us$ = flight1 & !re=e gets little blood4 ,by use x gr[s l>g]1 & becomes h>d1 compact1 & d>k]-color$2 by disuse x decreases 9 size1 & becomes s(t1 flabby1 & pale4 ,viol5t ex]cise1 h[ev]1 is injuri\s1 s9ce we !n te> d[n fa/] ?an nature c build up4 ,feats ( /r5g? are n only hurtful1 b dang]\s4 ,(t5 ! muscles are /ra9$ or ruptur$1 & blood vessels bur/ 9 ! ef=t to outdo "o's companions4 ,footnote3 ,in/ances h be5 kn[n ( *ildr5 fall+ dead f hav+ c>ri$ to excess s pleasant & heal?ful an amusem5t z jump+ ! rope1 & ( p]sons ruptur+ ! ,t5don ( ,a*illes 9 danc+4 ,! competitive lift+ ( heavy weights is unwise1 sometimes fatal4 7,see p4 #bgh47 ,two ?\s& ye>s ago1 ,isocrates1 ! ,greek rhetorician1 said3 ,ex]cise = heal?1 n = /r5g?4 ,! cultivation ( muscle = its own sake is a return to b>b>ism1 :ile x enfeebles ! m9d1 & ultimately ! body4 ,! anci5t gymna/s are said to h become prematurely old1 & ! tra9$ p]=m]s ( our own day soon suff] f ! /ra9 !y put ^u _! muscul> sy/em4 ,few m5 h suffici5t vigor to become bo? a?letes & s*ol>s4 ,ex]cise %\ld1 !re=e1 m]ely supplem5t ! defici5cy ( our usual employm5t4 ,a s$5t>y life ne$s daily1 mod]ate ex]cise1 :i* always /ops %ort ( fatigue4 ,?is is a law ( heal?4 7,see p4 #bhj47 ,no education is complete :i* fails to provide = ! developm5t ( ! muscles4 ,recesses %\ld be z /rictly devot$ to play z /udy h\rs are to "w4 ,7 gymna/ics or cali/h5ics z regul> an ex]cise z gramm> or ari?metic1 few] pupils w\ld be compell$ to leave s*ool on acc\nt ( ill heal?2 :ile sp9al curvatures1 weak backs1 & ungraceful gaits w\ld no long] *>act]ize s _m ( our be/ in/itutions4 ,,"t ,,= ,,ex]cise4--,we %\ld n ex]cise aft] long ab/95ce f food1 nor imm$iately aft] a meal1 unless ! meal or ! ex]cise be v light4 ,!re is an old-fa%ion$ prejudice 9 favor ( ex]cise be=e breakfa/--an h\r suit$ to ! /rong & heal?y1 b entirely unfitt$ to ! weak & delicate4 ,on fir/ ris+ 9 ! morn+1 ! pulse is l[1 ! sk9 relax$1 & ! sy/em susceptible to cold4 ,feeble p]sons1 !re=e1 ne$ to be brac$ ) food be=e !y brave ! outdoor air4 ,,:at ,,k9d ,,( ,,exc]cise ,,to ,,take4--,= *ildr51 games are unequal$4 ,walk+1 ! univ]sal ex]cise1 ,footnote3 ,! cu/om ( walk+1 s preval5t 9 ,engl&1 has d\btless mu* to d ) ! sup]ior physique ( its p4 ,x is consid]$ no?+ = a woman to take a walk ( eight or t5 miles1 & long p$e/rian excursions are made to all p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,! b5efits :i* accrue f su* an op5-air life are sadly ne$$ by ! wom5 ( our own l&4 ,a walk ( half a doz5 miles %\ld be a pleasant recreation = any heal?y p]son4 is b5eficial1 z x takes "o into ! op5 air & sunlight4 ,runn+ is bett]1 s9ce x employs m muscles1 b x mu/ n be pu%$ to excess1 z x taxes ! he>t1 & may lead to disease ( t organ4 ,r[+ is m effectual 9 its g5]al developm5t ( ! sy/em4 ,swimm+ employs ! muscles ( ! :ole body1 & is a valuable acquirem5t1 z x may be ! means ( sav+ life4 ,horseback rid+ is a f9e accompli%m5t1 & refre%es bo? m9d & body4 ,gymna/ic or cali/h5ic ex]cises br+ into play all ! muscles ( ! body1 & :5 c>efully select$1 & n immod]ately employ$1 are pref]able to any o!r mode ( indoor ex]cise4 ,footnote3 ,! employm5t ( ! muscles 9 ex]cise n only b5efits _! especial /ructure1 b x acts on ! :ole sy/em4 ,:5 ! muscles are put 9 action1 ! capill>y blood vessels ) :i* !y are suppli$ become m rapidly *>g$ ) blood1 & active *anges take place1 n only 9 ! muscles1 b 9 all ! surr\nd+ tissues4 ,! he>t is requir$ to supply m blood1 & accord+ly beats m rapidly 9 ord] to meet ! dem&4 ,a l>g] quantity ( blood is s5t ?r\gh ! lungs1 & l>g] supplies ( oxyg5 are tak5 9 & c>ri$ to ! v>i\s tissues4 ,! oxyg51 by comb9+ ) ! c>bon ( ! blood & ! tissues1 eng5d]s a l>g] quantity ( heat1 :i* produces an action on ! sk91 9 ord] t ! sup]flu\s w>m? may be dispos$ (4 ,! sk9 is ?us ex]cis$1 z x 71 & ! sudorip>\s & sebace\s gl&s are set at "w4 ,! lungs & sk9 are br\ght into op]ation1 & ! lungs ?r[ (f l>ge quantities ( c>bonic acid1 & ! sk9 l>ge quantities ( wat]1 conta9+ 9 solution matt]s :i*1 if reta9$1 w\ld produce disease 9 ! body4 ,:]ev] ! blood is s5t1 *anges ( a heal?ful "* occur4 ,! bra9 & ! re/ ( ! n]v\s sy/em are invigorat$1 ! /oma* has its p[]s ( dige/ion improv$1 & ! liv]1 pancreas1 & o!r organs p]=m _! functions ) m vigor4 ,by want ( ex]cise1 ! con/itu5ts ( ! food :i* pass into ! blood are n oxidiz$1 & products :i* produce disease are eng5d]$4 ,! introduction ( fre% supplies ( oxyg5 induc$ by ex]cise oxidizes ^! products1 & r5d]s !m h>mless4 ,z a rule1 ^? :o ex]cise mo/ 9 ! op5 air w live ! longe/4--,,lanke/]4 7,see p4 #bhj47 ,,! ,,wond]s ,,( ,,! ,,muscles4--,! grace1 ease1 & rapidity ) :i* ! muscles contract are a/oni%+4 ,by practice1 !y acquire a facility :i* we call me*anical4 ,! voice may utt] "o ?\s& five hundr$ lett]s 9 a m9ute1 yet ea* requires a di/9ct position ( ! vocal organs4 ,we tra9 ! muscles ( ! f+]s till !y glide ov] ! keys ( ! piano1 execut+ ! mo/ exquisite & difficult h>mony4 ,9 writ+1 ea* lett] is =m$ by its peculi> motions1 yet we make !m s unconsci\sly t a skillful p5man w describe beautiful curves :ile ?9k+ only ( ! idea t ! s5t5ce is to express4 ,! m9d ( ! viol9i/ is ^u ! music :i* 8 "r h& is execut+1 :ile 8 left det]m9es ! l5g? ( ! /r+ & ! "* ( ea* note s c>efully t n a false s\nd is he>d1 al?\gh ! v>iation ( a hair's bread? w\ld cause a discord4 ,9 ! arm ( a blacksmi?1 ! biceps muscle may gr[ into ! solidity almo/ ( a club2 ! h& ( a prize fight] w /rike a bl[ l a sl$ge hamm]2 :ile ! engrav] traces l9es invisible to ! nak$ eye1 & ! f+]s ( ! bl9d acquire a delicacy t almo/ supplies ! place ( ! miss+ s5se4 ,,diseases1 ,,etc4--l4 ,/4 ,vitus's ,dance is a disease ( ! volunt>y muscles1 :]eby !y are 9 frequ5t1 irregul>1 & spasmodic motion beyond ! control ( ! w4 ,all causes ( excitem5t1 & especially ( fe>1 %\ld be avoid$1 & ! g5]al heal? ( ! pati5t invigorat$1 z ?is disease is closely connect$ ) a d]angem5t ( ! n]v\s sy/em4 #b4 ,convulsions are an involunt>y contraction ( ! muscles4 ,consci\sness is want+1 :ile ! limbs may be /iff or 9 spasmodic action4 7,see p4 #bfa47 #c4 ,lock$-jaw is a disease 9 :i* !re are spasms & a contraction ( ! muscles1 usually beg9n+ 9 ! l[] jaw4 ,x is s]i\s1 (t5 fatal1 yet x sometimes foll[s z trivial an injury z ! /roke ( a :ip la%1 ! lodgm5t ( a bone 9 ! ?roat1 a fi%hook 9 ! f+]1 or a tack 9 ! sole ( ! foot4 #d4 ,g\t is *>act]iz$ by an acute pa9 locat$ *iefly 9 ! small jo9ts ( ! foot1 especially ^? ( ! great toe1 :i* become swoll5 & extremely s5sitive4 ,x is g5]ally accompani$ by an excess ( uric acid 9 ! blood1 & a deposit ( urate ( soda ab\t ! affect$ jo9t4 ,g\t is (t5 ! result ( high liv+1 & ( too mu* animal food4 ,x is frequ5tly inh]it$4 #e4 ,rheumatism affects ma9ly ! connective1 :ite1 fibr\s tissue ( ! l>g] jo9ts4 ,:ile g\t is ! puni%m5t ( ! ri* :o live luxuri\sly1 rheumatism afflicts alike ! poor & ! ri*4 ,!re are two common =ms ( rheumatism--! inflammatory or acute1 & ! *ronic4 ,! latt] is ( long cont9uance2 ! =m] t]m9ates m spe$ily4 ,! acute =m is probably a disease ( ! blood1 :i* c>ries ) x "s poison\s matt] t is deposit$ :]e ! fibr\s tissue is mo/ abundant4 ,! disease flies caprici\sly f "o jo9t to ano!r1 & ! pa9 caus$ by ev5 ! slighte/ motion deprives ! suff]] ( ! use ( ! disabl$ "p & its muscles4 ,its *ief dang] lies 9 ! possibility ( its affect+ ! vital organs4 ,*ronic rheumatism--! result ( repeat$ attacks ( ! acute--leads to great suff]+1 & (t5times to disorganization ( ! jo9ts & an int]f]5ce ) ! movem5ts ( ! he>t4 #f4 ,lumbago is an inflammation ( ! lumb> muscles & fascia4 ,footnote3 ,lumbago is really a =m ( myalgia1 a disease :i*1 has its seat 9 ! muscles1 & may ?us affect any "p ( ! body4 ,d\btless mu* ( :at is commonly call$ liv] or kidney compla9t is only1 9 "o case1 myalgia ( ! *e/ or abdom9al walls ne> ! liv]1 or1 9 ! o!r1 ( ! back & lo9s ne> ! kidneys4 ,*ronic liv] disease is comp>atively r>e 9 ! ,nor!rn ,/ates1 & pa9 9 ! side is n a prom95t symptom2 :ile c]ta9 diseases ( ! kidneys1 :i* are z surely fatal z pulmon>y consumption1 are n att5d$ by pa9 9 ! back opposite ^! organs4--,,wey4 ,x may be s mod]ate z to produce only a lame back1 or s sev]e z to disable1 z 9 ! case ( :at is popul>ly t]m$ a crick 9 ! back4 ,/rong swimm]s :o sometimes dr[n )\t app>5t cause are suppos$ to be seiz$ 9 ?is way4 #g4 ,a ,ganglion1 or :at is vulg>ly call$ a weak or weep+ s9ew1 is ! swell+ ( a bursa4 ,footnote3 ,a bursa is a small sack conta9+ a lubricat+ fluid to prev5t friction :]e t5dons play ov] h>d surfaces4 ,!re is "o %ap$ l an h\rglass on ! wri/1 j at ! edge ( ! palm4 ,by press+ back ! liquid x conta9s1 ?is bursa may be cle>ly se54 ,x sometimes becomes s di/5d$ by fluid z to be mi/ak5 = bone4 ,if on b9d+ some?+ h>d ^u x = a few days x does n disappe>1 a physician w remove ! liquid by means ( a hypod]mic syr+e1 or p]haps cause x to be absorb$ by an ext]nal application ( iod9e4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,:at class ( lev] is ! foot :5 we lift a weight on ! toes8 #b4 ,expla9 ! movem5t ( ! body backw>d & =w>d1 :5 re/+ ^u ! ?igh bone z a fulcrum4 #c4 ,:at class ( lev] d we use :5 we lift ! foot :ile sitt+ d[n8 #d4 ,expla9 ! sw+ ( ! arm f ! %\ld]4 #e4 ,:at class ( lev] is us$ 9 b5d+ our f+]s8 #f4 ,:at class ( lev] is our foot :5 we tap ! gr\nd ) our toes8 #g4 ,:at class ( lev] d we use :5 we raise ourselves f a /oop+ position8 #h4 ,:at class ( lev] is ! foot :5 we walk8 #i4 ,:y c we raise a heavi] weight ) our h& :5 lift+ f ! elb[ ?an f ! %\ld]8 #aj4 ,:at class ( lev] d we employ :5 we are hopp+1 ! ?igh bone be+ b5t up t[>d ! body & n us$8 #aa4 ,describe ! motions ( ! bones :5 we are us+ a gimlet4 #ab4 ,:y d we tire :5 we /& erect8 #ac4 ,:y does x re/ u to *ange our "w8 #ad4 ,:y & :5 is danc+ a b5eficial ex]cise8 #ae4 ,:y c we ex]t great] =ce ) ! back tee? ?an ) ! front ones8 #af4 ,:y d we lean =w>d :5 we wi% to rise f a *air8 #ag4 ,:y does ! projection ( ! heel bone make walk+ easi]8 #ah4 ,does a horse travel ) less fatigue ov] a flat ?an a hilly c\ntry8 #ai4 ,c y move y\r upp] jaw8 #bj4 ,are p naturally "r or left-h&$8 #ba4 ,:y c s few p]sons move _! e>s by ! muscles8 #bb4 ,is ! blacksmi?'s "r arm heal?i] ?an ! left8 #bc4 ,boys (t51 ?\gh fooli%ly1 ?ru/ a p9 into ! fle% j above ! knee4 ,:y is x n pa9ful8 #bd4 ,w t5 m9utes' practice 9 a gymnasium answ] = a day's ex]cise8 #be4 ,:y w\ld an ela/ic t5don be unfitt$ to transmit ! motion ( a muscle8 #bf4 ,:5 "o is /ruck viol5tly on ! head1 :y does he in/antly fall8 #bg4 ,:at is ! cause ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 light & d>k meat 9 a f[l8 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,sk94 ,a protection f ! out] _w1 x is our only means ( communicat+ ) x4 ,ins5sible itself1 x is ! organ ( t\*4 ,x feels ! pressure ( a hair1 yet be>s ! weight ( ! body4 ,x yields to e motion ( t :i* x wraps & holds 9 place4 ,x hides f view ! delicate organs )91 yet ! fa9te/ t9t ( a ?\ght %9es ?r\gh1 :ile ! s\l pa9ts ^u x1 z on a canvas1 ! ri*e/ & r>e/ ( colors4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,sk94 #a4 ,! ,cutis2 its ,composition & ,"*4 #a4 ,,! ,,/ructure #b4 ,! ,cuticle2 its ,composition & ,"*4 ,,( ,,! ,,sk94 #c4 ,! ,value ( ! ,cuticle4 #d4 ,! ,complexion4 a4 ,description4 b4 ,me?od ( ,gr[?4 #a4 ,! ,hair44444 c4 ,z an ,in/rum5t ( ,feel+4 #b4 ,,! ,,hair ,,& d4 ,inde/ructibility ( ,,! ,,nails4 ! ,hair4 #b4 ,! ,nails4444 a4 ,uses4 b4 ,me?od ( ,gr[?4 #c4 ,,! ,,muc\s #a4 ,! ,/ructure4 ,,membrane #b4 ,connective ,tissue4 #c4 ,fat4 #a4 ,numb] & ,k9ds ( ,tee?4 #a4 ,! ,two ,sets4 #a4 ,! ,milk ,tee?4 #b4 ,! ,p]man5t ,tee?4 #d4 ,,! ,,tee?4 #b4 ,/ructure ( ! ,tee?4 #c4 ,! ,sett+ ( ! ,too? 9 ! ,jaw4 #d4 ,! ,decay ( ! ,tee?4 #e4 ,! ,pres]vation ( ! ,tee?4 #a4 ,! ,two ,k9ds4 #a4 ,oil ,gl&s4 #b4 ,p]piratory ,gl&s4 #e4 ,,! ,,gl&s #b4 ,! ,p]spiration4 #c4 ,! ,absorb+ ,p[] ( ! ,sk94 7,see ,lymphatics47 #a4 ,ab\t ,wa%+ & ,ba?+4 #b4 ,! ,reaction4 #c4 ,sea ,ba?+4 #f4 ,,hygi5e a4 ,g5]al ,pr9ciples4 b4 ,l954 c4 ,cotton4 #d4 ,clo?+4444444 d4 ,wool54 e4 ,flannel4 f4 ,color ( ,clo?+4 g4 ,/ructure ( ,clo?+4 h4 ,insuffici5t ,clo?+4 #a4 ,erysipelas4 #b4 ,salt ,rheum4 #g4 ,,diseases4 #c4 ,corns4 #d4 ,+r[+ ,nails4 #e4 ,w>ts4 #f4 ,*ilbla9s4 ,,! ,,sk94 ,,! ,,sk9 is a t\gh1 ?91 close-fitt+ g>m5t = ! protection ( ! t5d] fle%4 ,its p]fect ela/icity beautifully adapts x to e motion ( ! body4 ,we %all le>n h]eaft] t x is m ?an a m]e cov]+1 be+ an active organ1 :i* does its "p 9 ! "w ( keep+ 9 ord] ! h\se 9 :i* we live4 ,x oils itself to pres]ve its smoo?ness & delicacy1 replaces itself z fa/ z x we>s out1 & is at once ! p]fection ( use & beauty4 #a4 ,,/ructure ,,( ,,! ,,sk94 ,,cutis ,,& ,,cuticle4--,:at we commonly call ! sk9--viz41 ! "p rais$ by a bli/]--is only ! cuticle ,footnote3 ,cuticula1 little sk94 ,x is (t5 /yl$ ! sc>fsk91 & also ! epid]mis 7epi1 ^u2 & d]ma1 sk974 or cov]+ ( ! cutis or true sk94 ,! latt] is full ( n]ves & blood vessels1 :ile ! =m] nei!r ble$s ,footnote3 ,we notice ?is 9 %av+2 = if a razor goes bel[ ! cuticle1 x is foll[$ by pa9 & blood4 ,s ins5sible is ?is out] lay] t we c run a p9 ?r\gh ! ?ick mass at ! roots ( ! nails )\t discom=t4 nor gives rise to pa91 nei!r suff]s f heat nor feels ! cold4 ,! cuticle is compos$ ( small1 flat cells or scales4 ,^! are con/antly %$ f ! surface 9 ! =m ( scurf1 d&ruff1 etc41 b are z con/antly r5ew$ f ! cutis ,footnote3 ,we see h[ rapidly ?is *ange goes on by notic+ h[ soon a /a9 ( any k9d disappe>s f ! sk94 ,a snake ?r[s (f its cuticle entire1 & at regul> int]vals4 bel[4 ,"u ! microscope1 we c see ! r\nd cells ( ! cuticle1 & h[ !y are flatt5$ & h>d5$ z !y are =c$ to ! surface4 ,! imm5se numb] ( ^! cells surpasses compreh5sion4 ,9 "o squ>e in* ( ! cuticle1 c\nt+ only ^? 9 a s+le lay]1 !re are ov] a billion horny scales1 ea* complete 9 itself4--,,h>t+4 ,,fig4 #bb4 ,illu/ration3 ,a repres5ts a v]tical section ( ! ,cuticle4 ,b1 lat]al view ( ! cells4 ,c1 flat side ( scales l d1 magnifi$ #bej diamet]s1 %[+ ! nucleat$ cells trans=m$ into broad scales4 ,,value ,,( ,,! ,,cuticle4--,9 ! palm ( ! h&1 ! sole ( ! foot1 & o!r p>ts especially liable to injury1 ! cuticle is v ?ick4 ,?is is a mo/ admirable provision = _! protection4 ,footnote3 ,we c hold ! h& 9 /rong br9e ) impunity1 b ! sm>t w quickly tell u :5 !re is ev5 a scrat* 9 ! sk94 ,vacc9e matt] mu/ be ins]t$ b5ea? ! cuticle to take effect4 ,?is membrane d\btless prev5ts _m poison\s sub/ances f ent]+ ! sy/em4 ,by use1 x becomes call\s & horny4 ,! boy :o goes out b>efoot = ! fir/ "t1 tread+ z if on eggs1 c soon run :]e he pleases among ?i/les & ov] /ones4 ,! blacksmi? h&les hot iron )\t pa91 :ile ! mason lays /ones & works 9 lime1 )\t scrat*+ or corrod+ 8 fle%4 ,,! ,,complexion4--,9 ! fre%ly made cells on ! l[] side ( ! cuticle1 is a pigm5t compos$ ( t9y gra9s4 ,footnote3 ,^! gra9s are ab\t #a_/bjjj ( an in* 9 diamet]1 &1 curi\sly en\gh1 d n appe> opaque1 b transp>5t & ne>ly colorless4--,,m>%all4 ,9 ! v>y+ t9t ( ?is color+ matt]1 lies ! diff]5ce ( hue betwe5 ! blonde & ! brunette1 ! ,european & ! ,african4 ,9 ! pure/ complexion1 !re is "s ( ?is pigm5t1 :i*1 h[ev]1 disappe>s z ! fre%1 r\nd1 s(t cells next ! cutis *ange into ! old1 flat1 horny scales at ! surface4 ,sc>s are :ite1 because ?is "p ( ! cuticle is n re/or$4 ,! sun has a p[]ful effect ^u ! color+ matt]1 & s we readily tan on exposure to its rays4 ,if ! color ga!rs 9 spots1 x =ms freckles4 ,footnote3 ,?is action ( ! sun on ! pigm5t ( ! sk9 is v m>k$4 ,ev5 among ! ,africans1 ! sk9 is obs]v$ to lose its int5se black color 9 ^? :o live = _m mon?s 9 ! %ades ( ! =e/4 ,x is said t ,asiatic & ,african wom5 conf9$ )9 ! walls ( ! h>em1 & ?us seclud$ f ! sun1 are z fair z ,europeans4 ,among ! ,jews :o h settl$ 9 ,nor!rn ,europe1 are _m ( light complexion1 :ile ^? :o live 9 ,india are z d>k z ! ,h9doos4 ,int5se heat also increases ?is color+ matt]1 & ?us a furnace-man's sk91 ev5 :]e protect$ by clo?+1 becomes completely bronz$4 ,! black pigm5t has be5 kn[n to disappe> dur+ sev]e illness1 & a light] color to be develop$ 9 its place4 ,among ! negroes1 are sometimes f\nd p :o h no complexion1 i4 e41 !re is no color+ matt] 9 _! sk91 hair1 or ! iris ( _! eyes4 ,^! p]sons are call$ ,alb9os4 ,,ii4 ,,hair ,,& ,,nails4 ,! ,hair & ! ,nails are modifi$ =ms ( ! cuticle4 ,,fig4 #bc4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,hair1 magnifi$ #fjj diamet]s4 ,s1 ! sac 7follicle72 ,p1 ! papilla1 %[+ ! cells & ! blood vessels3 ,v4 ,,! ,,hair is a protection f heat & cold1 & %ields ! head f bl[s4 ,x is f\nd on ne>ly all p>ts ( ! body1 except ! palms ( ! h&s & ! soles ( ! feet4 ,! outside ( a hair is h>d & compact1 & consi/s ( a lay] ( colorless scales1 :i* ov]lie "o ano!r l ! %+les ( a h\se2 ! int]ior is por\s1 ,footnote3 ,9 ord] to exam9e a hair1 x %\ld be put on ! slide ( ! microscope1 & cov]$ ) a ?9 glass1 :ile a few drops ( alcohol are all[$ to fl[ betwe5 ! cov] & ! slide4 ,?is causes ! air1 :i* fills ! hair & prev5ts our see+ its /ructure1 to escape4 & probably conveys ! liquids by :i* x is n\ri%$4 ,ea* hair gr[s f a t9y bulb 7papilla71 :i* is an elevation ( ! cutis at ! bottom ( a little holl[ 9 ! sk94 ,f ! surface ( ?is bulb1 ! hair is produc$1 l ! cuticle1 by ! con/ant =mation ( new cells at ! bottom4 ,:5 ! hair is pull$ out1 ?is bulb1 if un9jur$1 w produce a new "o2 b1 :5 once de/roy$1 x w nev] gr[ aga94 ,footnote3 ,hair gr[s at ! rate ( ab\t five to sev5 in*es 9 a ye>4 ,x is said to gr[ aft] dea?4 ,?is appe>ance is due to ! fact t by ! %r9k+ ( ! sk9 ! "p bel[ ! surface is caus$ to project1 :i* is especially noticeable 9 ! be>d4 ,! hair has be5 kn[n to :it5 9 a s+le night by fe>1 fright1 or n]v\s excitem5t4 ,:5 ! color has once *ang$1 x c n be re/or$4 ,footnote3 ,hair dyes1 or s-call$ hair re/or]s1 are almo/ inv>iably delet]i\s sub/ances1 dep5d+ = _! color+ prop]ties ^u ! action ( lead or lun> cau/ic4 ,frequ5t in/ances ( hair poison+ h occurr$1 ow+ to ! common use ( su* dang]\s articles4 ,if ! gr[? ( ! hair be impair$1 ! g5]al con/itution or ! sk9 ne$s treatm5t4 ,?is is ! "w ( a skillful physician1 & n ( a pat5t rem$y4 ,dame ,fa%ion has h] rep5tant freaks z well z h] ru9\s follies1 & x is a heal?ful sign t ! era ( univ]sal hair dye+ has be5 blott$ out f h] pres5t cal5d>1 & ! gray hairs ( age are n[ honor$ ) ! highe/ place 9 /yle z well z 9 good s5se & cleanl9ess4 7,see p4 #bhe47 ,:]ev] hair exi/s1 t9y muscles are f\nd1 int]lac$ among ! fib]s ( ! sk94 ,^!1 :5 contract+ "u ! influ5ce ( cold or electricity1 puck] up ! sk91 & cause ! hair to /& on end4 ,footnote3 ,9 horses & o!r animals :i* are able to %ake ! :ole sk91 ?is muscul> tissue is mu* m fully develop$ ?an 9 man4 ,! hairs !mselves are de/itute ( feel+4 ,n]ves1 h[ev]1 are f\nd 9 ! holl[s 9 :i* ! hair is root$1 & s "o feels pa9 :5 x is pull$4 ,footnote3 ,^! n]ves are especially abundant 9 ! :isk]s ( ! cat1 :i* are us$ z feel]s4 ,?us ! ins5sible hairs become wond]fully delicate in/rum5ts to convey an impression ( ev5 ! slighte/ t\*4 ,,fig4 #bd4 ,illu/ration3 ,a1 a p]spiratory tube ) its gl&2 ,b1 a hair ) a muscle & two oil gl&s2 ,c1 cuticle2 ,d1 ! papill2 & ,e1 fat cells4 ,next to ! tee? & bones1 ! hair is ! lea/ de/ructible "p ( ! body1 & its color is (t5 pres]v$ = _m ye>s aft] ! o!r portions h gone to decay4 ,footnote3 ,f9e d[ny hairs1 su* z are g5]al ^u ! body1 h be5 detect$ 9 ! little fragm5ts ( sk9 f\nd b5ea? ! heads ( ! nails by :i*1 c5turies ago1 c]ta9 robb]s 7 fa/5$ to ! *ur* doors1 z a puni%m5t = _! sacrilege4 ,,! ,,nails protect ! ends ( ! t5d] f+]1 & toe1 & give u p[] m firmly to grasp & easily to pick up any object we may desire4 ,!y enable u to p]=m a hundr$ little1 me*anical acts :i* else 7 impossible4 ,at ! same "t1 _! delicate color & beautiful outl9e give a f9i% ( ornam5t to t exquisite in/rum5t1 ! h&4 ,! nail is firmly set 9 a groove 7matrix7 9 ! cuticle1 f :i* x gr[s at ! root 9 l5g? ,footnote3 ,by mak+ a little m>k on ! nail ne> ! root we c see1 week by week1 h[ rapidly ?is process goes on1 & s =m "s idea ( :at a multitude ( cells mu/ be trans=m$ into ! horny matt] ( ! nail4 & f b5ea? 9 ?ickness4 ,s long z ! matrix at ! root is un9jur$1 ! nail w be replac$ aft] any accid5t4 7,see p4 #bhh47 ,,iii4 ,,! ,,muc\s ,,membrane4 ,,/ructure4--,at ! edges ( ! op5+s into ! body1 ! sk9 seems to /op & give place to a tissue :i* is r$d]1 m s5sitive1 m liable to ble$1 & is moi/5$ by a fluid1 or mucus1 z x is call$4 ,really1 h[ev]1 ! sk9 does n cease1 b passes into a m delicate cov]+ ( ! same g5]al /ructure1 viz41 an out]1 h>d1 bloodless1 ins5sible lay]1 & an inn]1 s(t1 sangu9e1 n]v\s "o4 ,footnote3 ,) a dull knife1 we c scrape f ! muc\s membrane :i* l9es ! m\? "s ( ! cuticle = exam9ation "u ! microscope4 ,9 a simil> way1 we c obta9 cuticle f ! surface ( ! body = /udy & comp>ison4 ,?us e "p ( ! body is wrapp$ 9 a k9d ( d\ble bag1 made ( t\gh sk9 on ! outside1 & t5d] muc\s membrane on ! inside4 ,,connective ,,tissue4--,! cutis & ! correspond+ lay] ( ! muc\s membrane consi/ *iefly ( a fibr\s sub/ance int]lac$1 l felt4 ,x is call$ connective tissue1 because x connects all ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! body4 ,x spreads f ! cutis1 inve/s muscles1 bones1 & c>tilages1 & !nce passes into ! muc\s membrane4 ,s ?or\ghly does x p]meate ! body1 t1 if ! o!r tissues 7 de/roy$1 x w\ld give a p]fect model ( e organ4 ,footnote3 ,x is curi\s to notice h[ our body is wrapp$ 9 membrane4 ,on ! outside1 is ! sk9 protect+ f ext]ior injury1 &1 on ! inside1 is ! muc\s membrane rea*+ f ! lips to ! inn]mo/ air cell ( ! lungs4 ,e organ is envelop$ 9 its membrane4 ,e bone has its %ea?4 ,e socket is l9$4 ,ev5 ! sep>ate fib]s ( muscles h _! cov]+ tissue4 ,! bra9 & ! sp9al cord are triply wrapp$1 :ile ! eye is only a membran\s globe fill$ ) fluid4 ,^! membranes protect & support ! organs !y enfold1 b1 ) t wise economy s *>act]i/ic ( nature ev]y:]e1 !y h also an important function to p]=m4 ,!y are ! filt]s ( ! body4 ,?r\gh _! pores pass alike ! elem5ts ( gr[?1 & ! return+ products ( wa/e4 ,on "o side1 ba!d by ! blood1 !y *oose f x suitable food = ! organ !y envelop1 & _m ( !m 9 _! t9y cells1 by "s my/]i\s process1 =m new products1--put ! f9i%+ t\*es1 z x 71 ^u ! mat]ial ere x is deposit$ 9 ! body4 ,x c be se5 9 a piece ( meat z a delicate sub/ance ly+ betwe5 ! lay]s ( muscle1 :]e x s]ves to b9d toge!r ! num]\s fib]s ( :i* !y are compos$4 ,connective tissue yields gelat9e on boil+1 & is ! "p :i* tans :5 hides are manufactur$ into lea!r4 ,x is v ela/ic1 s t :5 y remove y\r f+] aft] press+ ^u ! sk91 no ind5tation is left4 ,footnote3 ,9 dropsy1 ?is ela/icity is lo/ by di/5sion1 & !re is a k9d ( pitt+1 z x is call$1 produc$ by pressure4 ,x v>ies greatly 9 "*1--f ! muc\s membrane1 :]e x is s(t & t5d]1 to ! ligam5ts & t5dons :i* x l>gely composes1 :]e x is /rong & d5se4 ,footnote3 ,! lea!r made f ?is tissue v>ies z greatly1 f ! t\gh1 ?ick oxhide1 to ! s(t1 pliable kid & *amois sk94 ,,fat is deposit$ z an oil 9 ! cells ,footnote3 ,s t9y are ^! cells1 t !re are ov] sixty-five million 9 a cubic in* ( fat4 ,z !y are kept moi/1 ! liquid does n ooze out1 b1 on dry+1 x comes to ! surface1 & ?us a piece ( fat feels oily :5 expos$ to ! air4 ,! quantity ( fat v>ies ) ! /ate ( nutrition4 ,9 corpul5t p]sons1 ! masses ( fat b5ea? ! sk91 9 ! mes5t]y1 on ! surface ( ! he>t & great vessels1 betwe5 ! muscles1 & 9 ! neighborhood ( ! n]ves1 are consid]ably increas$4 ,conv]sely1 9 ! emaciat$ we sometimes f9d b5ea? ! sk9 nucleat$ cells1 :i* conta9 only "o oil drop4 ,_m masses ( fat :i* h an important relation to muscul> actions--su* z ! fat ( ! orbit or ! *eek-- d n disappe> 9 ! mo/ emaciat$ object4 ,ev5 9 />vation1 ! fatty sub/ances ( ! bra9 & sp9al cord are reta9$4--,,val5t94 ( ?is tissue1 j b5ea? ! sk9 7,fig4 #bd71 giv+ r\ndness & plumpness to ! body1 & act+ z an excell5t nonconductor = ! ret5tion ( heat4 ,x collects z pads 9 ! holl[s ( ! bones1 ar\nd ! jo9ts1 & betwe5 ! muscles1 caus+ !m to glide m easily ^u ea* o!r4 ,z m>r[1 x n\ri%es ! skeleton1 & also di/ributes ! %ock ( any j> ! limb may su/a94 ,x is noticeable1 h[ev]1 t fat does n ga!r )9 ! cranium1 ! lungs1 or ! eyelids1 :]e its accumulation w\ld clog ! organs4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,tee?4 ,,! ,,tee? ,footnote3 ,al?\gh ! tee? are always f\nd 9 connection ) ! skeleton1 & are1 !re=e1 figur$ z a "p ( x 7,fig4 #a71 yet !y d n prop]ly belong to ! bones ( ! body1 & are m]ely set 9 ! solid jaw to insure solidity4 ,!y are h>d1 & resemble bony matt]1 yet !y are nei!r true bone nor are !y =m$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,!y are prop]ly app5dages ( ! muc\s membrane1 & are develop$ f x4--,,leidy4 ,!y belong to ! ,tegum5t>y ,sy/em1 :i*1 speak+ g5]ally ( animals1 includes tee?1 nails1 horns1 scales1 & hairs4--,,m>%all4 ,!y are !re=e class$ ) ! muc\s membrane1 z are ! nails & hair ) ! sk94 are ?irty-two 9 all1--!re be+ eight 9 ea* half jaw1 simil>ly %ap$ & arrang$4 ,9 ea* set ( eight1 ! two ne>e/ ! middle ( ! jaw h wide1 %>p1 *isel-l edges1 fit = cutt+1 & h5ce are call$ incisors4 ,! next "o corresponds to ! great te>+ or hold+ too? ( ! dog1 & is /yl$ ! can9e1 or eye-too?4 ,! next two h broad] cr[ns1 ) two po9ts1 or cusps1 & are h5ce t]m$ ! bicuspids4 ,! rema9+ ?ree are mu* broad]1 &1 z !y are us$ to cru% ! food1 are call$ ! gr9d]s1 or mol>s4 ,! incisors & eyetee? h "o fang1 or root2 ! o!rs h two or ?ree fangs4 ,,! ,,milk ,,tee?4--,we are provid$ ) two sets ( tee?4 ,! fir/1 or milk tee?1 are small & only tw5ty 9 numb]4 ,9 ea* half jaw !re are two incisors1 "o can9e1 & two mol>s4 ,! middle incisors are usually cut ab\t ! age ( sev5 mon?s1 ! o!rs at n9e mon?s1 ! fir/ mol>s at twelve mon?s1 ! can9es at eighte5 mon?s1 & ! rema9+ mol>s at two or ?ree ye>s ( age4 ,! l[] tee? prec$e ! correspond+ upp] ones4 ,! "t (t5 v>ies1 b ! ord] seldom4 ,,! ,,p]man5t ,,tee?4--,at six ye>s1 :5 ! fir/ set is usually /ill p]fect1 ! jaws conta9 ! cr[ns ( all ! second1 except ! wisdom tee?4 ,ab\t ?is age1 to meet ! wants ( ! gr[+ body1 ! cr[ns ( ! p]man5t set beg9 to press aga9/ ! roots ( ! milk tee?1 :i*1 becom+ absorb$1 leave ! loos5$ tee? to drop out1 :ile ! new ones rise & occupy _! places4 ,footnote3 ,if ! milk tee?1 d n promptly loos5 on ! appe>ance ( ! second set1 ! =m] %\ld be at once remov$ to p]mit ! p]man5t tee? to assume _! natural places4 ,if any fail to come 9 regul>ly1 or if !y cr[d ! o!rs1 a compet5t d5ti/ %\ld be consult$4 ,,fig4 #be4 ,illu/ration3 ,! tee? at ! age ( six & "o half ye>s4 ,i1 ! incisors2 ,o1 ! can9e2 ,m1 ! mol>s2 ! la/ mol> is ! fir/ ( ! p]man5t tee?2 ,f1 sacs ( ! p]man5t incisors2 ,c1 ( ! can9e2 ,b1 ( ! bicuspids2 ,n1 ( ! second mol>2 ! sac ( ! ?ird mol> is empty4-- ,,m>%all4 ,! c5tral incisors appe> at ab\t sev5 ye>s ( age2 ! o!rs at eight2 ! fir/ bicuspids at n9e1 ! second at t52 ! can9es at elev5 or twelve2 ! second ,footnote3 ,! fir/ mol> appe>s mu* e>li]4 7,see ,fig4 #be47 mol>s at twelve or ?irte51 & ! la/1 or wisdom tee?1 are sometimes delay$ until ! tw5ty-second ye>1 or ev5 lat]4 ,,/ructure ,,( ,,! ,,tee?4--,! int]ior ( ! too? consi/s pr9cipally ( d5t9e1 a d5se sub/ance resembl+ bone4 ,footnote3 ,9 ! tusk ( ! elephant ?is is kn[n z ivory4 ,! cr[n ( ! too?1 :i* is expos$ to we>1 is protect$ by a %ea? ( enamel4 ,?is is a h>d1 gli/5+1 :ite sub/ance1 conta9+ only two & a half p] c5t ( animal matt]4 ,! fang is cov]$ by a ?9 lay] ( true bone 7cem5t74 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,illu/ration3 ,v]tical section ( a ,mol> ,too?1 mod]ately magnifi$4 a1 enamel ( ! cr[n1 ! l9es ( :i* indicate ! arrangem5t ( its columns2 b1 d5t9e2 c1 cem5t2 d1 pulp cavity4 ,at ! c5t] ( ! too? is a cavity fill$ ) a s(t1 r$di%-:ite1 pulpy sub/ance full ( blood vessels & n]ves4 ,?is pulp is v s5sitive1 & too?a*e is caus$ by its irritation4 ,,! ,,fitt+ ,,( ,,! ,,too? ,,into ,,! ,,jaw is a mo/ admirable contrivance4 ,x is n set l a nail 9 wood1 hav+ ! fang 9 contact ) ! bone2 b ! socket is l9$ ) a membrane :i* =ms a s(t cu%ion4 ,:ile ?is is 9 a heal?y /ate1 x dead5s ! =ce ( any %ock1 b1 :5 inflam$1 x becomes ! seat ( excruciat+ pa94 ,,! ,,decay ,,( ,,! ,,tee? ,footnote3 ,unlike ! o!r portions ( ! body1 !re is no provision made = any *ange 9 ! p]man5t tee?4 ,t "p1 h[ev]1 :i* is ?us dur+ life mo/ liable to *ange1 aft] dea? resi/s x ! longe/4 ,9 deep-sea dr$g+s tee? are f\nd :5 all traces ( ! frame to :i* !y belong$ h disappe>$4 ,yet h>d & incorruptible z !y seem1 _! p]man5ce is only relative4 ,expos$ to injury & disease1 !y break or decay4 ,ev5 if !y escape accid5t1 !y yet we> at ! cr[n1 are absorb$ at ! fang1 &1 9 "t1 drop out1 ?us af=d+ ano!r ( ! _m signs ( ! limitations ,provid5ce has fix$ to ! endurance ( our bodies & ! l5g? ( our lives4 is commonly caus$ 7#a7 by portions ( ! food :i* become entangl$ betwe5 !m1 &1 on acc\nt ( ! heat & moi/ure1 quickly decompose2 & 7#b7 by ! saliva1 z x evaporates1 leav+ on ! tee? a s$im5t1 :i* we call t>t>4 ,?is collects organic matt] t rapidly *anges1 & also af=ds a soil 9 :i* a sort ( fungus spe$ily spr+s up4 ,f bo? ^! causes1 ! brea? becomes (f5sive1 & ! tee? are injur$4 ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,! ,,tee?4--,*ildr5 %\ld e>ly be taught to bru% _! tee? at lea/ e morn+ ) tepid wat]1 & twice a week ) :ite ca/ile soap & p[d]$ orris root1 or ) "s d5tifrice recomm5d$ by a responsible d5ti/4 ,!y %\ld also be in/ruct$ to remove ! p>ticles ( food f betwe5 ! tee?1 aft] ea* meal1 by means ( a quill or wood5 too?pick4 ,! enamel once injur$ is nev] re/or$1 & ! :ole int]ior ( ! too? is expos$ to decay4 ,we %\ld n1 !re=e1 crack h>d nuts1 bite ?read1 or use metal too?picks1 gritty too? p[d]s1 or any acid :i* sets ! tee? on edge1 i4 e44 t acts ^u ! enamel4 ,x is well also to h ! tee? exam9$ ye>ly by a d5ti/1 t any small orifice may be fill$1 & fur!r decay prev5t$4 ,v4 ,,! ,,gl&s ,,( ,,! ,,sk94 #a4 ,,! ,,oil ,,gl&s are clu/]s ( t9y sacs :i* secrete an oil t fl[s along ! duct to ! root ( ! hair1 & !nce oozes out on ! cuticle 7,fig4 #bd74 ,footnote3 ,?is secretion is said to v>y 9 diff]5t p]sons1 & on t acc\nt ! dog is enabl$ to trace 8 ma/] by ! sc5t4 ,?is is nature's effici5t hair-dress+1 & also keeps ! sk9 s(t & flexible4 ,^! gl&s are n usually f\nd :]e !re is no hair1 z on ! palm ( ! h&1 & h5ce at ^? po9ts only c wat] readily soak ?r\gh ! sk9 into ! body4 ,!y are ( consid]able size on ! face1 especially ab\t ! nose4 ,:5 ob/ruct$1 _! cont5ts become h>d & d>k-color$1 & are vulg>ly call$ worms4 ,footnote3 ,?\gh !y are n alive1 yet1 "u ! microscope1 !y are sometimes f\nd to conta9 a curi\s p>asite1 call$ ! pimple mite1 :i* is suppos$ to consume ! sup]abundant secretion4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,p]spiratory ,,gl&s are f9e tubes ab\t #a_/cjj ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & a qu>t] ( an in* 9 l5g?1 :i* run ?r\gh ! cutis1 & !n coil up 9 little balls 7,fig4 #bd74 ,!y are f\nd 9 all p>ts ( ! body1 & 9 almo/ incr$ible numb]s4 ,9 ! palm ( ! h&1 !re are ab\t two ?\s& eight hundr$ 9 a s+le squ>e in*4 ,on ! back ( ! neck & trunk1 :]e !y are fewe/1 !re are yet f\r hundr$ to ! squ>e in*4 ,! total numb] on ! body ( an adult is e/imat$ at ab\t two & a half million4 ,if !y 7 laid end to end1 !y w\ld ext5d ne>ly t5 miles4 ,footnote3 ,! curr5t /atem5t1 t !y w\ld ext5d tw5ty-eight miles1 is und\bt$ly an exagg]ation4 ,krause e/imates ! total numb] at #b1cha1bdh1 & ! l5g? ( ea* coil1 :5 unravel$1 at #a_/aj ( an in*1 :i* w\ld make ! total l5g? mu* less ?an ev5 ! /atem5t 9 ! text4 ,segu9 /ates t ! proportion ( impurities ?r[n (f by ! sk9 & ! lungs1 is elev5 to sev54 ,! m\?s ( ^! gl&s--pores1 z we commonly call !m--may be se5 ) a pocket l5s along ! f9e ridges :i* cov] ! palm ( ! h&4 ,,! ,,p]spiration4--,f ^! op5+s1 !re con/antly passes a vapor1 =m+ :at we call ! ins5sible p]spiration4 ,ex]cise or heat causes x to fl[ m freely1 :5 x cond5ses on ! surface 9 drops4 ,! p]spiration consi/s ( ab\t n9ety-n9e p>ts wat]1 & "o "p solid matt]4 ,! am\nt v>ies greatly1 b on ! av]age is1 = an adult1 n f> f two p\nds p] day4 ,any suppression ( ?is con/ant dra9age w lead to disagreeable & ev5 dang]\s results4 ,if x be entirely & p]man5tly *eck$1 dea? w inevitably ensue4 ,footnote3 ,once1 on an occasion ( great solemnity at ,rome1 a *ild 01 x is said1 completely cov]$ ) gold leaf1 closely appli$ to ! sk91 s z to repres5t1 accord+ to ! idea ( t age1 ! gold5 glory ( an angel or s]aph4 ,9 a few h\rs1 aft] contribut+ to ?is pageant1 ! *ild di$2 ! cause be+ suffocation1 f /opp+ ! exhalation ( ! sk92 al?\gh1 9 ! ignorance ( ! common p ( ^? days1 ! dea? 0 attribut$ to ! ang] ( ! ,deity1 & look$ ^u z a circum/ance ( evil om54 ,,! ,,absorb+ ,,p[] ,,( ,,! ,,sk94--,we h already describ$ two uses ( ! sk93 7#a7 ,its protective1 7#b7 its exhal+1 & n[ we come to 7#c7 its absorb+ p[]4 ,?is is n s noticeable z ! o!rs1 & yet x c be illu/rat$4 ,p]sons frequ5tly poison _! h&s ) ! common wood ivy4 ,contagi\s diseases are tak5 by t\*+ a pati5t1 or ev5 8 clo?+1 especially if !re be a crack 9 ! cuticle4 ,footnote3 ,if "o is call$ ^u to h&le a dead body1 x is well1 especially if ! p]son has di$ ( a contagi\s disease1 to rub ! h& ) l>d or olive oil4 ,poison\s matt] has be5 fatally absorb$ ?r\gh ! break+ ( ! cuticle by a hangnail1 or a simple scrat*4 ,!re is a /ory t ,bonap>te1 :5 a lieut5ant ( artill]y1 9 ! heat ( battle1 seiz$ ! ramm] & work$ ! gun ( an artill]yman :o _h fall54 ,f ! wood :i* ! soldi] _h us$1 ,bonap>te absorb$ a poison t gave him a sk9 disease1 by :i* he 0 annoy$ ! rema9d] ( 8 life4 ,pa9t]s absorb s mu* lead ?r\gh ! pores ( _! h&s t !y are attack$ ) colic4 ,footnote3 ,cosmetics1 hair dyes1 etc41 are exce$+ly injuri\s1 n only because !y t5d to fill ! pores ( ! sk91 b because !y (t5 conta9 poison\s matt]s t may be absorb$ into ! sy/em1 especially if !y are 9 a solution4 ,snuff & l>d are frequ5tly rubb$ on ! *e/ ( a *ild suff]+ ) ! cr\p1 to produce vomit+4 ,x is said t seam5 9 want ( wat] dr5* _! clo?+ 9 salt spray1 :5 ! sk9 w absorb en\gh moi/ure to qu5* ?ir/ 7see ,lymphatic ,sy/em74 ,by c>efully conduct$ exp]im5ts1 x has be5 f\nd t ! sk9 acts 9 ! same way z ! lungs 7see ,respiration7 9 absorb+ oxyg5 f ! air1 & giv+ (f c>bonic acid to a small b appreciable am\nt4 ,inde$1 ! sk9 has n inaptly be5 /yl$ ! ?ird lung4 ,h5ce1 ! importance ( absolute cleanl9ess & a frequ5t ablution ( ! entire body4 ,,vi4 ,,hygi5e4 ,,h9ts ,,ab\t ,,wa%+ ,,& ,,ba?+4--,! mom5t ( ris+ f b$ is ! prop] "t = ! full wa% or ba? ) :i* "o %\ld comm5ce ! day4 ,! body is !n w>m1 & c endure mod]ately cold wat] bett] ?an at any o!r "t2 x is relax$1 & ne$s brac+2 & ! n]ves1 dead5$ by ! night's repose1 require a g5tle /imulus4 ,if ! sy/em be /rong en\gh to resi/ ! %ock1 cold wat] is ! mo/ invigorat+2 if n1 a tepid ba? w answ]4 ,footnote3 ,_m p]sons h n ! conv5i5ces = a ba?4 ,to !m1 ! foll[+ plan1 :i* ! au?or has daily employ$ = ye>s1 is comm5d$4 ,! necessities are3 a bas9 full ( s(t wat]1 a mild soap1 a l>ge sponge or a piece ( flannel1 & two t[els--"o s(t1 ! o!r r\gh4 ,! temp]ature ( ! wat] %\ld v>y ) ! season ( ! ye>--cold 9 summ] & tepid 9 w9t]4 ,rub quickly ! entire body ) ! wet sponge or flannel4 7,if m agreeable1 wa% & wipe only a "p at a "t1 protect+ ! re/ 9 cold wea!r ) portions ( clo?+47 ,dry ! sk9 g5tly ) a s(t t[el1 & :5 q dry1 ) ! r\gh t[el or fle% bru% rub ! body briskly f\r or five m9utes till ! sk9 is all agl[4 ,! *e/ & abdom5 ne$ ! pr9cipal rubb+4 ,! r\ghness ( ! t[el %\ld be accommodat$ to ! condition ( ! sk94 ,en\gh friction1 h[ev]1 mu/ be giv5 to produce at lea/ a g5tle w>m?1 indicative ( ! reaction necess>y to prev5t subsequ5t *ill or languor4 ,an invalid w f9d x exce$+ly b5eficial if a /\t1 vigor\s p]son produce ! reaction by rubb+ ) ! h&s4 ,be=e dress+1 ! :ole body %\ld be ?or\ghly rubb$ ) a co>se t[el or fle% bru%4 ,at fir/1 ! friction may be unpleasant1 b ?is s5sitiv5ess w soon be ov]come1 & ! ke5e/ pleasure be felt 9 ! lively gl[ :i* foll[s4 ,a ba? %\ld n be tak5 j be=e nor imm$iately aft] a meal1 z x w int]f]e ) ! dige/ion ( ! food4 ,soap %\ld be employ$ occasionally1 b its frequ5t use t5ds to make ! sk9 dry & h>d4 ,,reaction4--,aft] tak+ a cold ba?1 !re %\ld be a prompt reaction4 ,:5 ! surface is *ill$ by cold wat]1 ! blood sets to ! he>t & o!r vital organs1 excit+ !m to m vigor\s action1 & !n1 be+ ?r[n back to ! surface1 x r$d5s1 w>ms1 & /imulates ! sk9 to an unwont$ degree4 ,?is is call$ ! reaction1 & 9 x lies ! invigorat+ influ5ce ( ! cold ba?4 ,:51 on ! contr>y1 ! sk9 is heat$ by a hot ba?1 ! blood is drawn to ! surface1 less blood goes to ! he>t1 ! circulation decreases1 & languor ensues4 ,a da% ( cold wat] is bo? necess>y & refre%+ at ! close ( a hot ba?4 ,footnote3 ,! ,russians are v fond ( vapor ba?s1 tak5 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,a l>ge room is heat$ by /oves4 ,r$-hot /ones be+ br\ght 91 wat] is ?r[n ^u !m1 fill+ ! room ) /eam4 ,! ba!rs sit on b5*es until !y p]spire pr(usely1 :5 !y are rubb$ ) soapsuds & da%$ ) cold wat]4 ,sometimes1 :ile 9 ?is /ate ( excessive p]spiration1 !y run out ( doors & leap into sn[ banks4 ,if1 aft] a cold ba?1 !re be felt no gl[ ( w>m?1 b only a *ill9ess & depression1 we are !reby w>n$ t ei!r prop] means 7 n tak5 to br+ on ?is reaction1 or t ! circulation is n vigor\s en\gh to make su* a ba? b5eficial4 ,! g5]al effect ( a cool ba? is exhil>at+1 & t ( a w>m "o depress+4 ,footnote3 ,! sudd5 plunge into a cold ba? is good = ! /rong & heal?y1 b too sev]e = ! delicate4 ,"o %\ld always wet fir/ ! face1 neck1 & *e/4 ,x is extremely injuri\s to /& 9 a ba? ) only ! feet & ! l[] limbs cov]$ by ! wat]1 = ! blood is ?us s5t f ! extremities to ! he>t & int]nal organs1 & !y become s burd5$ t reaction may be out ( _! p[]4 ,a brisk walk1 or a ?or\gh rubb+ ( ! sk91 be=e a cold ba? or swim1 adds greatly to its value & pleasure4 ,h5ce ! latt] %\ld n ord9>ily be tak5 (t5] ?an once a week1 :ile ! =m] may be enjoy$ daily4 7,see p4 #bhi47 ,,sea ,,ba?+ is exce$+ly /imulat+1 on acc\nt ( ! action ( ! salt & ! excit+ surr\nd+s4 ,tw5ty m9utes is ! utmo/ limit = ba?+ or swimm+ 9 salt or fre% wat]4 ,a *illy s5sation %\ld be ! signal = in/ant removal4 ,x is bett] to leave :ile ! gl[ & buoyancy :i* foll[ ! fir/ plunge are /ill felt4 ,g5tle ex]cise aft] a ba? is b5eficial4 ,,clo?+ 9 w9t]1 to keep u w>m1 %\ld repel ! ext]nal cold & reta9 ! heat ( ! body4 ,9 summ]1 to keep u cool1 x %\ld n absorb ! rays ( ! sun1 & %\ld p]mit ! passage ( ! heat ( ! body4 ,at all seasons1 x %\ld be por\s1 to give ready escape to ! p]spiration1 & a free admission ( air to ! sk94 ,we c readily apply ^! ess5tial conditions to ! diff]5t k9ds ( clo?+4 ,l95 is s(t to ! t\*1 & is a good conductor ( heat4 ,h5ce x is pleasant = summ] we>1 b1 be+ apt to *ill ! surface too rapidly1 x %\ld n be worn next ! sk94 ,cotton is a poor] conductor ( heat & absorb] ( moi/ure1 & is !re=e w>m] ?an l954 ,x is suffici5tly cool = summ] we>1 & af=ds bett] protection aga9/ sudd5 *anges4 ,wool5 absorbs moi/ure sl[ly1 & conta9s mu* air 9 its pores4 ,x is !re=e a poor conductor ( heat1 & gu>ds ! we>] aga9/ ! vicissitudes ( our climate4 ,! out] clo?+ may be adapt$ l>gely to ornam5t1 & may be v>i$ to suit our fancy & ! requirem5ts ( society4 ,! und]clo?+ %\ld always be suffici5t to keep u w>m4 ,wool5 %\ld be worn next ! sk9 at all times2 light gossam] g>m5ts 9 ! heat ( summ]1 & w>m1 por\s flannels 9 midw9t]4 ,light-color$ clo?+ is n only cool] 9 summ]1 b w>m] 9 w9t]4 ,z ! w>m? ( clo?+ dep5ds greatly on ! am\nt ( air conta9$ 9 its fib]s1 f9e1 loose1 por\s clo? ) a pl5ty ( nap is be/ = w9t] we>4 ,firm & heavy goods are n necess>ily ! w>me/4 ,furs are ! p]fection ( w9t] clo?+1 s9ce !y comb9e w>m? ) lightness4 ,two light wool5 g>m5ts are w>m] ?an "o heavy "o1 z !re is betwe5 !m a lay] ( nonconduct+ air4 ,all ! body except ! head %\ld be equally protect$ by clo?+4 ,:atev] fa%ion may dictate1 no "p cov]$ to-day c be uncov]$ tonight or to-morr[1 except at ! p]il ( heal?4 ,x is a mo/ b>b>\s & cruel cu/om to leave ! limbs ( little *ildr5 unprotect$1 :5 adults w\ld %iv] at ! v ?\ght ( exposure4 ,equally s is x = *ildr5 to be ?9ly clad = ! purpose ( h>d5+ !m4 ,to g %iv]+ ) cold is n ! way to increase "o's p[] ( endurance4 ,! sy/em is made m vigor\s by ex]cise & food2 n by exposure4 ,9 w9t]1 we %\ld we> w>m %oes ) ?ick soles1 & rubb]s :5 x is damp4 ,at night1 & aft] ex]cise1 we require extra clo?+4 7,see p4 #bie47 ,,diseases1 ,,etc4--l4 ,erysipelas is an inflammation 7see ,inflammation7 ( ! sk91 & (t5 beg9s 9 a spot n l>g] ?an a p9 head1 :i* spreads ) great rapidity4 ,x is v commonly *eck$ by ! application ( a solution ( iod9e4 ,! burn+ & contract+ s5sation may be reliev$ by clo?s wrung out ( hot wat]4 #b4 ,eczema 7,salt ,rheum1 etc47 is ( con/itutional orig94 ,x is *>act]iz$ by an it*+1 burn+1 r$d5$ eruption1 9 :i* a s]\s dis*>ge exudes & dries into cru/s or scales4 ,! sk9 ?ick5s 9 pat*es1 & pa9ful fissures are =m$1 :i* are irritat$ by exposure to air or wat]4 ,eczema d5otes debility4 ,x occurs 9 v>i\s =ms1 &1 l erysipelas1 %\ld be treat$ by a physician4 #c4 ,corns are ?ick5$ cuticle1 caus$ by pressure or friction4 ,!y mo/ frequ5tly occur on ! feet2 b are produc$ on ! %oemak]'s knee by con/ant hamm]+1 & on ! soldi]'s %\ld] by ! rubb+ ( 8 musket4 ,?is h>d portion irritates ! s5sitive cutis b5ea?1 & s causes pa94 ,a corn w s(t5 9 hot wat]1 :5 x may be p>$ ) a %>p knife4 ,if ! cause be remov$1 ! corn w n return4 #d4 ,+r[+ ,nails are caus$ by pressure1 :i* =ces ! edge ( ! toe nail into ! fle%4 ,!y may be cur$ by c>efully cutt+ away ! "p :i* has mal-gr[n1 & !n scrap+ ! back ( ! nail till x is ?91 mak+ a small incision 9 ! c5t]1 at ! top4 ,! two portions1 unit+1 w draw away ! nail f ! fle% at ! edge4 ,+r[+ nails may be prev5t$ by we>+ broad-to$ %oes4 #e4 ,w>ts are ov]gr[n papill 7,fig4 #bd74 ,!y may g5]ally be remov$ by ! application ( glacial acetic acid1 or a drop ( nitric acid1 repeat$ until ! entire /ructure is s(t5$4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to keep ! acid f t\*+ ! neighbor+ sk94 ,! caprici\s "* ( w>ts has giv5 rise to ! popul> delusion conc]n+ ! influ5ce ( *>ms ^u !m4 #f4 ,*ilbla9 is a local inflammation affect+ g5]ally ! feet1 ! h&s1 or ! lobes ( ! e>4 ,liability to x usually passes away ) manhood4 ,x is n caus$ by freez+ ! feet1 z _m suppose1 ?\gh attacks are br\ght on1 or aggravat$1 by exposure to cold1 foll[$ by sudd5 w>m+4 ,*ilbla9 is subject to daily conge/ion 7see ,conge/ion71 manife/$ by it*+1 sor5ess1 etc41 commonly occurr+ at night4 ,! be/ prev5tive is a uni=m temp]ature1 & c>eful protection aga9/ ! cold by w>m clo?+1 especially = ! feet4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,if a hair be pluck$ out1 w ano!r gr[ 9 its place8 #b4 ,:at causes ! hair to /& on end :5 we are fright5$8 #c4 ,:y is ! sk9 r\gh5$ by rid+ 9 ! cold8 #d4 ,:y is ! back ( a wa%]woman's h& less wat]-soak$ ?an ! palm8 #e4 ,:at w\ld be ! l5g? ( ! p]spiratory tubes 9 a s+le squ>e in* ( ! palm1 if plac$ end to end8 #f4 ,:at color$ clo?+ is be/ adapt$ to all seasons8 #g4 ,:at is ! effect ( pa9t & p[d] on ! sk98 #h4 ,is wat]pro( clo?+ heal?ful = con/ant we>8 #i4 ,:y are rubb]s cold to ! feet8 #aj4 ,:y does ! heat seem oppressive :5 ! air is moi/8 #aa4 ,:y is friction ( ! sk9 invigorat+ aft] a cold ba?8 #ab4 ,:y does ! hair ( dome/ic animals become r\gh5$ 9 w9t]8 #ac4 ,:y d f[ls spread _! fea!rs be=e !y p]* = ! night8 #ad4 ,h[ c an ext5sive burn produce conge/ion ( ! lungs8 #ae4 ,:y d we p]spire s pr(usely aft] dr9k+ cold wat]8 #af4 ,h[ c we be/ prev5t sk9 diseases1 colds1 & rheumatism8 #ag4 ,:at causes ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! h>d h& ( a blacksmi? & ! s(t h& ( a woman8 #ah4 ,:y %\ld a pa9t] avoid gett+ pa9t on ! palm ( 8 h&8 #ai4 ,:y %\ld we n use ! soap or ! soil$ t[el at a hotel8 #bj4 ,:i* tee? cut l a pair ( scissors8 #ba4 ,:i* tee? cut l a *isel8 #bb4 ,:i* %\ld be clo!d ! w>m]1 a m]*ant or a f>m]8 #bc4 ,:y %\ld we n crack nuts ) our tee?8 #bd4 ,d ! edges ( ! upp] & ! l[] tee? meet8 #be4 ,:5 fatigu$1 w\ld y take a cold ba?8 #bf4 ,:y is ! out] surface ( a kid glove f9] ?an ! inn]8 #bg4 ,:y w a brunette endure ! sun's rays bett] ?an a blonde8 #bh4 ,does pat5t lea!r =m a heal?ful cov]+ = ! feet8 #bi4 ,:y are m5 m frequ5tly bald ?an wom58 #cj4 ,on :at "p ( ! head does baldness commonly occur8 ,:y8 #ca4 ,:at does ! comb9ation 9 our tee? ( can9es & gr9d]s sugge/ z to ! "* ( our food8 #cb4 ,is a /aid1 =mal prom5ade suitable ex]cise8 #cc4 ,is !re any dang] 9 *ang+ ! w>m clo?+ ( our daily we> = ! ?9 "o ( a p>ty8 #cd4 ,%\ld we reta9 our ov]coat1 %awl1 or furs :5 we come into a w>m room8 #ce4 ,:i* %\ld ba! ! (t5]1 /ud5ts or outdoor labor]s8 #cf4 ,is abundant p]spiration injuri\s8 #cg4 ,h[ (t5 %\ld ! ablution ( ! entire body be p]=m$8 #ch4 ,:y is cold wat] bett] ?an w>m1 = our daily ablution8 #ci4 ,:y %\ld our clo?+ always fit loosely8 #dj4 ,:y %\ld we take special pa9s to avoid clo?+ t is color$ by poison\s dye/uffs8 7,see p4 #bif47 #da4 ,:at g5]al pr9ciples %\ld guide u z to ! l5g? & frequ5cy ( ba?s ,9 salt or fre% wat]8 #db4 ,:at is ! b5eficial effect ( ex]cise ^u ! functions ( ! sk98 #dc4 ,h[ c we be/ %[ our admiration & respect = ! human body8 #dd4 ,:y is ! sc> ( a sev]e w\nd ^u a negro sometimes :ite8 ,,iv4 ,,respiration ,,& ,,! ,,voice4 ,! smoo? s(t air ) pulse-l waves ,fl[s murmur+ ?r\gh its hidd5 caves1 ,^: /reams ( bright5+ purple ru%1 ,fir$ ) a new & liveli] blu%2 ,:ile all _! burd5 ( decay ,! ebb+ curr5t /eals away4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,respiration ,,& ,,! ,,voice4 #a4 ,! ,l>nyx4 #b4 ,! ,vocal ,cords4 #a4 ,,organs ,,( ,,voice44444 #c4 ,diff]5t ,tones ( ,voice4 #d4 ,spee*4 #e4 ,=mation ( ,vocal ,s\nds4 #a4 ,! ,tra*ea4 #b4 ,! ,bron*ial ,tubes4 #b4 ,,organs ,,( ,,respira- #c4 ,! ,cells4 ,,tion444444444 #d4 ,! ,lung ,wrapp+4 #e4 ,! ,cilia4 #a4 ,inspiration4 #c4 ,,h[ ,,we ,,brea!444444#b4 ,expiration4 #a4 ,sigh+4 #b4 ,c\gh+4 #c4 ,sneez+4 #d4 ,,modifications ,,( #d4 ,snor+4 ,,! ,,brea?4444444 #e4 ,laugh+1 & ,cry+4 #f4 ,hicc\gh4 #g4 ,yawn+4 #e4 ,,capacity ,,( ,,! ,,lungs4 #a4 ,! ,ne$ ( ,air4 #b4 ,action ( ,air 9 ! ,lungs4 #c4 ,te/s ( ! ,brea?4 #d4 ,analysis ( ,expir$ ,air4 #e4 ,effect ( ,rebrea!d ,air4 #f4 ,,hygi5e4444444444444 a4 ,! ,s\rces ( ,impurity4 b4 ,! ,sick ,room4 #f4 ,conc]n+ c4 ,! ,sitt+ ,room4 ! ,ne$ ( d4 ,! ,b$room4 ,v5tilation4 e4 ,! ,*ur*4 f4 ,! ,s*oolroom4 g4 ,h[ we %\ld ,v5tilate4 #g4 ,,! ,,wond]s ,,( ,,respiration4 #a4 ,con/riction ( ! ,lungs4 #b4 ,bron*itis4 #c4 ,pleurisy4 #d4 ,pneumonia4 #h4 ,,diseases444444444444 #e4 ,consumption #f4 ,asphyxia4 #g4 ,dip!ria4 #h4 ,cr\p4 #i4 ,/amm]+4 ,,respiration ,,& ,,! ,,voice4 ,! ,organs ( ,respiration & ! ,voice are ! l>ynx1 ! tra*ea1 & ! lungs4 ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,organs ,,( ,,! ,,voice4--l4 ,! ,l>ynx4--,9 ! neck1 is a prom95ce sometimes call$ ,adam's apple4 ,x is ! front ( ! l>ynx4 ,?is is a small triangul>1 c>tilag9\s box1 plac$ j bel[ ! root ( ! tongue1 & at ! top ( ! w9dpipe4 ,! op5+ into x f ! ?roat is call$ ! glottis2 & ! cov]1 ! epiglottis 7epi1 ^u2 glotta1 ! tongue74 ,! latt] is a spoon-%ap$ lid1 :i* op5s :5 we brea!1 b1 by a nice arrangem5t1 %uts :5 we try to swall[1 & s lets our food slip ov] x into ! sophagus 7e-s('-a-gus71 ! tube lead+ f ! ph>ynx to ! /oma* 7,fig4 #bg74 ,if we laugh or talk :5 we swall[1 our food is apt to g ! wrong way1 i4 e41 little p>ticles pass into ! l>ynx1 & ! tickl+ s5sation :i* !y produce =ces u to c\gh 9 ord] to expel ! intrud]s4 #b4 ,! ,vocal ,cords4--,on ea* side ( ! glottis are ! s- call$ vocal cords4 ,!y are n really cords1 b m]ely ela/ic membranes project+ f ! sides ( ! box across ! op5+4 ,footnote3 ,! c>tilages & vocal cords may be readily se5 9 ! l>ynx ( an ox or %eep4 ,if ! fle% be cut (f1 ! c>tilages w dry1 & w keep = ye>s4 ,:5 n 9 use1 !y spread ap>t & leave a ,v-%ap$ orifice 7,fig4 #bh71 ?r\gh :i* ! air passes to & f ! lungs4 ,if ! cords are tight5$1 ! edges approa* sometimes )9 #a_/ajj ( an in* ( ea* o!r1 &1 be+ ?r[n into vibration1 cause correspond+ vibrations 9 ! curr5t ( air4 ,?us s\nd is produc$ 9 ! same mann] z by ! vibrations ( ! tongues ( an accordion1 or ! /r+s ( a viol91 only 9 ?is case ! /r+s are sc>cely an in* long4 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,illu/ration3 ,passage to ! sophagus & ,w9dpipe4 c1 ! tongue2 d1 ! s(t palate1 end+ 9 g1 ! uvula2 h1 ! epiglottis2 i1 ! glottis2 ,i1 ! sophagus2 f1 ! ph>ynx4 ,,diff]5t ,,tones ,,( ,,! ,,voice4--,! high] tones ( ! voice are produc$ :5 ! cords are %ort1 tight1 & closely 9 contact2 ! l[]1 by ! opposite conditions4 ,l\dness is regulat$ by ! quantity ( air & =ce ( expulsion4 ,a falsetto voice is ?\ght to be ! result ( a peculi>ity 9 ! ph>ynx 7,fig4 #bg7 at ! back "p ( ! nose2 x is m probably produc$ by "s muscul> maneuv] n yet fully und]/ood4 ,:5 boys are ab\t f\rte5 ye>s ( age1 ! l>ynx enl>ges1 & ! cords gr[ proportionately long] & co>s]2 h5ce1 ! voice becomes deep]1 or1 z we say1 *anges4 ,! peculi> h>%ness ( ! voice at ?is "t seems to be due to a conge/ion ( ! muc\s membrane ( ! cords4 ,! *ange may occur v sudd5ly1 ! voice break+ 9 a s+le night4 ,,fig4 #bh4 ,illu/ration3 e1 e1 ! vocal cords2 d1 ! epiglottis4 ,spee* is voice modulat$ by ! lips1 tongue1 ,footnote3 ,! tongue is /yl$ ! unruly memb]1 & held responsible = all ! tattl+ ( ! _w2 b :5 ! tongue is remov$1 ! adjac5t organs 9 "s way l>gely supply ! defici5cy1 s t spee* is /ill possible4 ,huxley describes ! conv]sation ( a man :o _h two & "o half in*es ( 8 tongue pres]v$ 9 spirits1 & yet c\ld conv]se intelligibly4 ,only ! two lett]s t & d 7 beyond 8 p[]2 ! articulation ( ^! involves ! employm5t ( ! tip ( ! tongue2 h5ce1 t9 he conv]t$ into f91 & dog into ?og4 palate1 & tee?4 ,footnote3 ,an artificial l>ynx may be made by us+ ela/ic b&s to repres5t ! vocal cords1 & by plac+ above !m *amb]s :i* by _! resonance w produce ! same effect z ! cavities ly+ above ! l>ynx4 ,an artificial speak+ ma*9e 0 con/ruct$ by ,kempel51 :i* c\ld pron\nce su* s5t5ces z1 ,i love y ) all my he>t1 9 diff]5t languages1 by simply t\*+ ! prop] keys4 ,spee* & voice are commonly associat$1 b spee* may exi/ )\t ! voice1 = :5 we :isp] we articulate ! words1 al?\gh !re is no vocalization1 i4 e41 no action ( ! l>ynx4 ,footnote3 ,we c obs]ve ?is by plac+ ! h& on ! ?roat1 & notic+ ! abs5ce ( vibrations :5 we :isp]1 & _! pres5ce :5 we talk4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 vocalization & non-vocalization is se5 9 a sigh & a groan1 ! latt] be+ ! =m] vocaliz$4 ,:i/l+ is a pure m\? s\nd1 & does n dep5d on ! voice4 ,laught] is vocal1 be+ ! aspirat$ v[els1 a1 e1 or o1 convulsively repeat$4 7,see p4 #big47 ,,fig4 #bi4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,lungs1 %[+ ! ,l>ynx4 ,a1 ! w9dpipe2 ,b1 ! bron*ial tubes4 ,,=mation ,,( ,,vocal ,,s\nds4--,! me?od ( modulat+ voice into spee* may be se5 by produc+ ! pure v[el s\nds a1 e1 etc41 f "o expiration1 ! m\? be+ kept op5 :ile ! =m ( ! ap]ture is *ang$ = ea* v[el by ! tongue & ! lips4 ,h is only an explosion1 or =cible ?r[+ ( a v[el s\nd f ! m\?4 ,footnote3 ,:51 9 s\nd+ a v[el1 ! s\nd co9cides ) a sudd5 *ange 9 ! position ( ! vocal cords f "o ( div]g5ce to "o ( approximation1 ! v[el is pron\nc$ ) ! spiritus asp]4 ,:5 ! vocal cords are br\ght toge!r be=e ! bla/ ( air beg9s1 ! v[el is pron\nc$ ) ! spiritus l5is4--,,fo/]4 ,! consonants1 or %ort s\nds1 may also be made )\t int]rupt+ ! curr5t ( air1 by v>i\s modifications ( ! vocal organs4 ,9 s\nd+ s+ly any "o ( ! lett]s1 we c detect its peculi> requirem5ts4 ,?us m & n c be made only by block+ ! air 9 ! m\? & s5d+ x ?r\gh ! nose2 l lets ! air escape at ! sides ( ! tongue2 r ne$s a vibratory movem5t ( ! tongue2 b & p /op ! brea? at ! lips2 k & g 7h>d71 at ! back ( ! palate4 ,consonants l b & d are abrupt1 or1 l l & s1 cont9u\s4 ,^? made by ! lips are t]m$ labials2 ^? by press+ ! tongue aga9/ ! tee?1 d5tals2 ^? by ! tongue1 l+uals4 ,! *ild ga9s spee* sl[ly1 fir/ le>n+ to pron\nce ! v[el a1 ! consonants b1 m1 & p1 & !n _! unions --ba1 ma1 pa4 ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,organs ,,( ,,respiration4--,b5ea? ! l>ynx is ! w9dpipe1 or tra*ea 7see ,fig4 #bi71 s call$ because ( its r\ghness4 ,x is /r5g!n$ by ,c-%ap$ c>tilages ) ! op5+s beh9d1 :]e !y are atta*$ to ! sophagus4 ,at ! l[] end1 ! tra*ea divides into two bran*es1 call$ ! "r & left bron*i4 ,^! subdivide 9 ! small bron*ial tubes1 :i* ramify ?r\gh ! lungs l ! bran*es ( a tree1 ! t9y twigs ( :i* at la/ end 9 clu/]s ( cells s small t !re are six hundr$ million 9 all4 ,?is cellul> /ructure r5d]s ! lungs exce$+ly s(t1 ela/ic1 & sponge-l4 ,footnote3 ,! lungs ( slaught]$ animals are vulg>ly call$ lights1 probably on acc\nt ( _! lightness4 ,!y are simil> 9 /ructure to ^? ( man4 ,!y w float on wat]1 & if a small piece be =cibly squeez$ betwe5 ! f+]s 7notice ! creak+ s\nd x gives71 x w reta9 suffici5t air to make x buoyant4 ,,fig4 #cj4 ,illu/ration3 ,bron*ial ,tubes1 ) clu/]s ( cells4 ,! /iff1 c>tilag9\s r+s1 s noticeable 9 ! r\gh surface ( ! tra*ea & ! bron*i1 disappe> z we rea* ! small] bron*ial tubes1 s t :ile ! =m] are kept con/antly op5 = ! free admission ( air1 ! latt] are provid$ ) ela/ic fib]s by :i* !y may be almo/ clos$4 ,,wrapp+ ,,( ,,! ,,lungs4--,! lungs are inve/$ ) a d\ble cov]+--! pleura--"o lay] be+ atta*$ to ! lungs & ! o!r to ! walls ( ! *e/4 ,x secretes a fluid :i* lubricates x1 s t ! lay]s glide ^u ea* o!r ) p]fect ease4 ,footnote3 ,^! pleural sacs are di/9ct & clos$2 h5ce1 :5 ! ribs are rais$1 a p>tial vacuum be+ =m$ 9 ! sacs1 air ru%es 91 & di/5ds ! pulmon>y lobules4 ,! lungs are l9$ ) muc\s membrane1 exce$+ly delicate & s5sitive to ! pres5ce ( any?+ except pure air4 ,we h all notic$ ?is :5 we h brea!d any ?+ (f5sive4 ,,fig4 #ca4 ,illu/ration3 ,a1 ! he>t2 ,b1 ! lungs drawn aside to %[ ! int]nal organs2 ,c1 ! diaphragm2 ,d1 ! liv]2 ,e1 ! gall cy/2 ,f1 ! /oma*2 ,g1 ! small inte/9es2 ,h1 ! transv]se colon4 ,,! ,,cilia4--,along ! air passages are m9ute filam5ts 7cilia1 ,fig4 #cb71 :i* are 9 con/ant motion1 l a field ( gra9 /irr$ by a g5tle breeze4 ,!y s]ve to fan ! air 9 ! lungs1 & produce an outw>d curr5t1 :i* is useful 9 cat*+ du/ & f9e p>ticles swept inw>d ) ! brea?4 ,,h[ ,,we ,,brea!4--,respiration consi/s ( two acts--tak+ 9 ! air1 or inspiration1 & expell+ ! air1 or expiration4 ,,fig4 #cb4 ,illu/ration3 ,b1 a section ( ! muc\s membrane1 %[+ ! cilia ris+ f ! peculi> epi!lial cells on ! outside ( ! muc\s membrane l9+ ! tubes2 ,a1 a s+le cell m highly magnifi$4 #a4 ,inspiration4--,:5 we draw 9 a full brea?1 we /raight5 ! sp9e & ?r[ ! head & %\ld]s back1 s z to give ! greate/ advantage to ! muscles4 ,footnote3 ,if we exam9e ! bony cage ( ! ?orax or *e/ 9 ,fig4 #h1 we %all see t ! position ( ! ribs may alt] its capacity 9 two ways4 #a4 ,z !y run obliquely d[nw>d f ! sp9e1 if ! /]num or brea/bone be lift$ 9 front1 ! diamet] ( ! *e/ w be increas$4 #b4 ,! ribs are fa/5$ by ela/ic c>tilages1 :i* /ret* z ! muscles t lift ! ribs contract1 & s increase ! bread? ( ! *e/4 ,at ! same "t1 ! diaphragm ,footnote3 ,! diaphragm is ! muscul> p>tition betwe5 ! *e/ & ! abdom54 ,x is always convex t[>d ! =m]1 & concave t[>d ! latt] 7,fig4 #ca74 ,long muscul> fib]s ext5d f its c5t] t[>d ! ribs 9 front & ! sp9e at ! back4 ,:5 ^! contract1 !y depress & flatt5 ! diaphragm2 :5 !y relax1 x becomes convex aga94 ,9 ! =m] case1 ! b[els are press$ d[nw>d & ! abdom5 pu%$ outw>d2 9 ! latt]1 ! b[els spr+ upw>d1 & ! abdom5 is drawn inw>d4 desc5ds & presses ! walls ( ! abdom5 outw>d4 ,bo? ^! processes increase ! size ( ! *e/4 ,!reupon1 ! ela/ic lungs exp& to occupy ! extra space1 :ile ! air1 ru%+ 9 ?r\gh ! w9dpipe1 p\rs along ! bron*ial tubes & cr[ds into e cell4 ,footnote3 ,x is said t 9 draw+ a full brea?1 ! muscles ex]t a =ce equal to rais+ a weight ( sev5 hundr$ & fifty p\nds4 ,:5 we are ab\t to make a great ef=t1 z 9 /rik+ a heavy bl[1 we naturally take a deep inspiration1 & %ut ! glottis4 ,! conf9$ air makes ! *e/ t5se & firm1 & enables u to ex]t a great] =ce4 ,z we let slip ! bl[1 ! glottis op5s & ! air escapes1 (t5 ) a curi\s aspirat$ s\nd z is noticeable 9 workm54 ,to make a good %ot ) a rifle1 we %\ld take aim ) a full *e/ & tight brea?1 s9ce !n ! arms w h a /eadi] support4 #b4 ,expiration4--,:5 we =cibly expel ! air f our lungs1 ! op]ation is rev]s$4 ,we b5d =w>d1 draw 9 ! walls ( ! abdom51 & press ! diaphragm upw>d1 :ile ! ribs are pull$ d[nw>d1--all toge!r dim9i%+ ! size ( ! *e/1 & =c+ ! air outw>d4 ,ord9>y1 quiet brea?+ is p]=m$ ma9ly by ! diaphragm1--"o brea? to e f\r beats ( ! he>t1 or eighte5 p] m9ute4 7,see p4 #bii47 ,,modifications ,,( ,,! ,,brea?4--,sigh+ is m]ely a prolong$ inspiration foll[$ by an audible expiration4 ,c\gh+ is a viol5t expiration 9 :i* ! air is driv5 ?r\gh ! m\?4 ,sneez+ diff]s f c\gh+1 ! air be+ =c$ ?r\gh ! nose4 ,snor+ is produc$ by ! passage ( ! brea? ?r\gh ! ph>ynx :5 ! tongue & s(t palate are 9 c]ta9 positions4 ,footnote3 ,! s(t palate mu/ h fall5 back 9 su* a mann] z ne>ly or q to close ! entrance to ! nasal cavity f ! ?roat1 & ! tongue mu/ also be ?r[n back s f> z to leave only a n>r[ op5+ betwe5 x & ! s(t palate4 ,! noise is produc$ by ! air be+ =c$ ei!r inw>d or outw>d ?r\gh ?is op5+4 ,a snore results also :51 ) a clos$ m\?1 ! air is =c$ betwe5 ! s(t palate & ! back wall ( ! ph>ynx into ! nasal cavity4 ,) deep brea?+1 p]haps accompani$ by a v>iation 9 ! position ( ! s(t palate1 a rattl+ noise may be he>d 9 addition to ! snor+1 :i* is due to a vibration ( ! s(t palate4--,f4 ,a4 ,,f]nald1 9 ,h[ we ,sneeze1 ,laugh1 ,/amm]1 & ,sigh4--,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,feb41 #ahhd4 ,laugh+ & cry+ are v mu* alike4 ,! expression ( ! face is necess>y to di/+ui% betwe5 !m4 ,! s\nds are produc$ by %ort1 rapid contractions ( ! diaphragm4 ,hicc\gh is conf9$ to inspiration4 ,x is caus$ by a contraction ( ! diaphragm & a con/riction ( ! glottis2 ! curr5t ( air j ent]+1 z x /rikes ! clos$ glottis1 gives rise to ! well-kn[n s\nd4 ,yawn+1 or gap+1 is l sigh+4 ,footnote3 ,! usefulness ( a yawn lies 9 br++ up ! arre>s1 z x 71 ( respiration1 :5 x has fall5 beh9dh&1 ei!r ?r\gh fatigue or close att5tion to o!r occupation4 ,! /ret*+ ( ! jaws & limbs may also s]ve to equalize ! n]v\s influ5ce1 c]ta9 muscles hav+ become uneasy on acc\nt ( be+ /ret*$ or contract$ = a long "t4 ,x is di/+ui%$ by a wide op5+ ( ! m\? & a deep1 pr(\nd inspiration4 ,bo? processes furni% additional air1 & !re=e probably meet a dem& ( ! sy/em = m oxyg54 ,frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 !y are l laugh+1 sobb+1 etc41 m]ely a sort ( contagion1 :i* runs ?r\gh an audi5ce1 & seems almo/ irresi/ible4 ,,! ,,capacity ,,( ,,! ,,lungs4--,if we take a deep inspiration1 & !n =cibly exhale all ! air we c expel f ! lungs1 ?is am\nt1 :i* is t]m$ ! brea?+ capacity1 w be> a v close correspond5ce to our /ature4 ,= a man ( m$ium height 7five feet eight in*es7 x w be ab\t two hundr$ & ?irty cubic in*es1 ,footnote3 ,( ?is am\nt1 "o hundr$ cubic in*es c be =c$ 9 only by an extra ef=t1 & is available = em]g5cies1 or = purposes ( tra9+1 z 9 s++1 climb+1 etc4 ,x is ( great importance1 s9ce1 if ! capacity ( ! lungs only equal$ our daily wants1 ! lea/ ob/ruction w\ld prove fatal4 or a gallon1 & = ea* in* ( height betwe5 five & six feet !re w be an increase ( eight cubic in*es4 ,9 addition1 x is f\nd t ! lungs conta9 ab\t "o hundr$ cubic in*es :i* c n be expell$1 ?us mak+ _! entire cont5ts ab\t ?ree hundr$ & ?irty cubic in*es1 or elev5 p9ts4 ,! extra am\nt always on h& 9 ! lungs is ( great value1 s9ce !reby ! action ( ! air goes on cont9u\sly1 ev5 dur+ a viol5t expiration4 ,9 ord9>y brea?+1 only ab\t tw5ty or ?irty cubic in*es 7less ?an a p9t7 ( air pass 9 & out4 ,,! ,,ne$ ,,( ,,air4--,! body ne$s food1 clo?+1 sun%9e1 ba?+1 &4 dr9k2 b none ( ^! wants is s press+ z t = air4 ,! o!r dem&s may be met by occasional supplies1 b air mu/ be furni%$ e mom5t or we die4 ,n[ ! vital elem5t ( ! atmosph]e is oxyg5 gas4 ,footnote3 ,see ,/eele's ,popul> ,*emi/ry1 p4 #cj4 ,! atmosph]e consi/s ( "o fif? oxyg5 & f\r fif?s nitrog54 ,! =m] is ! active elem5t2 & ! latt]1 ! passive4 ,oxyg5 alone w\ld be too /imulat+1 & mu/ be re/ra9$ by ! neutral nitrog54 ,sep>ately1 ei!r elem5t ( ! air w\ld kill u4 ,?is is a /imulat+1 life- giv+ pr9ciple4 ,no tonic w s invigorate z a few full1 deep brea?s ( cold1 pure air4 ,e organ w gl[ ) ! en]gy ( ! fi]y oxyg54 ,,action ,,( ,,! ,,air ,,9 ,,! ,,lungs4--,9 ! delicate cells ( ! lungs1 ! air gives up its oxyg5 to ! blood1 & receives 9 turn c>bonic-acid ,footnote3 ,m prop]ly ,c>bon dioxide4 gas & wat]1 f\l ) wa/e matt] :i* ! blood has pick$ up 9 its circulation ?r\gh ! body4 ,! blood1 ?us purifi$ & lad5 ) ! inspir+ oxyg51 goes b\nd+ ?r\gh ! sy/em1 :ile ! air we exhale c>ries (f ! impurities4 ,9 ?is process1 ! blood *anges f purple to r$4 ,if we exam9e our brea?1 we c readily see :at x has remov$ f ! blood4 ,,te/s ,,( ,,! ,,brea?4--#a4 ,brea! into a j>1 & on l[]+ into x a light$ c&le1 ! flame w be in/antly ext+ui%$2 ?us indicat+ ! pres5ce ( c>bonic-acid gas4 #b4 ,brea! ^u a mirror1 & a film ( moi/ure w %[ ! vapor4 ,footnote3 ,!re is a close relation betwe5 ! functions ( ! sk91 ! lungs1 & ! kidneys--! scav5g]s ( ! body4 ,!y all c>ry (f wat] f ! blood1 & :5 ! function ( "o ( ! ?ree is1 9 ?is respect1 int]f]$ )1 ! o!rs are call$ ^u to p]=m its functions4 ,:5 ! function ( p]spiration is d]ang$1 ! lungs & kidneys are requir$ to p]=m heavi] duty1 & ?is may lead to disease 7see p4 #fb74 #c4 ,if brea? be conf9$ 9 a bottle1 ! animal matt] w decompose & give (f an (f5sive odor4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,expir$ ,,air %[s t x has lo/ ab\t tw5ty-five p] c5t ( its oxyg51 & ga9$ an equal am\nt ( c>bonic-acid gas1 besides moi/ure1 & organic impurities4 ,our brea?1 !n1 is air robb$ ( its vitality1 & conta9+ 9 its place a gas z fatal to life ,footnote3 ,c>bonic-acid gas c n be brea!d :5 undilut$1 z ! glottis closes & =bids its passage into ! lungs4 ,air conta9+ only ?ree or f\r p] c5t acts z a n>cotic poison 7,,mill]71 & a mu* small] proportion w h an injuri\s effect4 ,! great dang]1 h[ev]1 lies 9 ! organic p>ticles con/antly exhal$ f ! lungs & ! sk91 :i*1 x is believ$1 are (t5 direct & active poisons4 z x is to a flame1 & effete matt] :i* is disagreeable to ! smell1 injuri\s to ! heal?1 & :i* may conta9 ! g]ms ( s]i\s disease4 ,,! ,,evil ,,effect ,,( ,,rebrea?+ ! air c n be ov]e/imat$4 ,we take back into our bodies t :i* has j be5 reject$4 ,! blood !reupon leaves ! lungs1 be>+1 n ! invigorat+ oxyg51 b refuse matt] to ob/ruct ! :ole sy/em4 ,we soon feel ! effect4 ,! muscles become inactive4 ,! blood /agnates4 ,! he>t acts sl[ly4 ,! food is undige/$4 ,! bra9 is clogg$4 ,! head a*es4 ,in/ances ( fatal results are only too frequ5t4 ,footnote3 ,dur+ ! ,engli% w> 9 ,india1 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 "o hundr$ & =ty-six prison]s 7 %ut up 9 a room sc>cely l>ge en\gh to hold !m4 ,! air c\ld ent] only by two n>r[ w9d[s4 ,at ! end ( eight h\rs1 b tw5ty-?ree p]sons rema9$ alive1 & ^! 7 9 a mo/ deplorable condition4 ,?is prison is well call$ ,! ,black ,hole ( ,calcutta4--,p]cy relates t aft] ! battle ( ,au/]litz1 ?ree hundr$ ,russian prison]s 7 conf9$ 9 a cav]n1 :]e two hundr$ & sixty ( !m p]i%$ 9 a few h\rs4--,! /upid capta9 ( ! %ip ,londond]ry1 dur+ a /orm at sea1 %ut ! hat*es4 ,!re 7 only sev5 cubic feet ( space left = ea* p]son1 & 9 six h\rs n9ety ( ! pass5g]s 7 dead4 ,! con/ant brea?+ ( ev5 ! slightly impure air ( our h\ses c n b t5d to und]m9e ! heal?4 ,! blood is n purifi$1 & is ?us 9 a condition to receive ! se$s ( disease at any "t4 ,! sy/em un9spir$ by ! en]giz+ oxyg5 is s5sitive to cold4 ,! pale *eek1 ! lu/]less eye1 ! languid /ep1 speak b too pla9ly ( oxyg5 />vation4 ,9 su* a soil1 cat>rh1 scr(ula1 & k9dr$ diseases run riot4 ,footnote3 ,"o n v /rong1 or unable p[]fully to resi/ conditions unfavorable to heal?1 & ) a pr$isposition to lung disease1 w be sure1 soon] or lat]1 by p>tial lung />vation & blood poison+1 to develop pulmon>y consumption4 ,! lack ( :at is s abundant & s *eap--good1 pure air--is unque/ionably ! "o great cause ( ?is t]rible disease4--,,black',s ,t5 ,laws ( ,heal?4 ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,ne$ ,,= ,,v5tilation4--,! f\l air :i* passes (f f ! lungs & ?r\gh ! pores ( ! sk9 does n fall to ! floor1 b diffuses itself ?r\gh ! surr\nd+ atmosph]e4 ,a s+le brea? w to a trifl+ b c]ta9 ext5t ta9t ! air ( a :ole room4 ,footnote3 ,?is gr[s out ( a well-kn[n philosophical pr9ciple call$ ! ,diffusion ( ,gases1 :]eby two gases t5d to mix 9 exact proportions1 no matt] :at may be ! quantity ( ea*4--,,/eele',s ,popul> ,*emi/ry1 p4 #hf1 & ,popul> ,physics1 p4 #eb4 ,a light w vitiate z mu* air z a doz5 p]sons4 ,_m brea?s & lights !re=e rapidly unfit ! air = our use4 ,! p]fection ( v5tilation is rea*$ :5 ! air ( a room is z pure z t out ( doors4 ,to accompli% ?is result1 x is necess>y to all[ = ea* p]son six hundr$ cubic feet ( space1 :ile v5tilation is /ill go+ on 9 ! be/ mann] kn[n4 ,9 spite ( ^! well-kn[n facts1 sc>cely any pa9s are tak5 to supply fre% air1 :ile ! doors & w9d[s :]e ! life-giv+ oxyg5 might creep 9 are h]metically /opp$4 ,h[ (t5 is ?is true ( ! sick room4 ,yet "h ! dang] ( bad air is int5sifi$4 ,! expir$ brea? ( ! pati5t is peculi>ly ?reat5+ to himself z well z to o!rs4 ,nature is seek+ to ?r[ (f ! poison ( ! disease4 ,! scav5g]s ( ! body are all at "w4 ,! brea? & ! ins5sible p]spiration are load$ ) impurities4 ,footnote3 ,! float+ du/ 9 ! air1 reveal$ to u by ! sunbeam %9+ ?r\gh a crack 9 ! bl9ds1 %[s ! abundance ( ^! impurities1 & also ! pres5ce ( g]ms :i*1 lodg+ 9 ! lungs1 may implant disease1 unless ?r[n (f by a vigor\s con/itution4 ,on uncov]+ a sc>let fev] pati5t1 a cl\d ( f9e du/ is se5 to rise f ! body--contagi\s du/1 t = days w reta9 its poison\s prop]ties4--,,y\mans4 7,see p4 #cjj47 ,! odor is (t5times exce$+ly (f5sive4 ,sick & well alike ne$ an abundance ( fre% air4 ,b1 too (t51 x is ! only want n suppli$4 ,our sitt+ rooms1 heat$ by furnaces or r$-hot /oves1 g5]ally h no means ( v5tilation1 or1 if provid$1 !y are seldom us$4 ,a w9d[ is occasionally dropp$ to give a little relief1 z if pure air 7 a r>ity1 & mu/ be dol$ out to ! suff]+ lungs 9 morsels1 in/ead ( full & con/ant draughts4 ,! inmates are />v$ by scanty lung food1 & /upefi$ by f\l air4 ,! process goes on ye> by ye>4 ,! weak5$ & poison$ body at la/ succumbs to disease1 :ile we1 9 our bl9dness & ignorance1 talk ( ! my/]i\s ,provid5ce :i* ?us untimely cuts d[n ! brighte/ intellects4 ,! tru? is1 dea? is (t5 simply ! p5alty = violat+ nature's laws4 ,bad air begets disease2 disease begets dea?4 ,9 our *ur*es1 ! f\l air left by ! congregation on ,sunday is %ut up dur+ ! week1 & heat$ = ! next ,"l's day1 :5 ! p assemble to rebrea! ! pollut$ atmosph]e4 ,!y are ?us =c$1 ) e brea? !y take1 to violate ! physical laws ( ,him :om !y meet to wor%ip1--laws writt5 n ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago ^u ,m\nt ,s9ai on tables ( /one1 b to-day engrav$ 9 ! con/itution ( _! own liv+1 brea?+ bodies4 ,on bra9s b5umb$ & />v+ = oxyg51 ! pure/ tru? & ! highe/ eloqu5ce fall ) little =ce4 ,we sleep 9 a small b$room f :i* e brea? ( fre% air is exclud$1 because we believe night air to be unheal?y1 ,footnote3 ,!re is a s+ul> prejudice aga9/ ! night air4 ,yet1 z ,flor5ce ,night+ale aptly says1 :at o!r air c we brea! at night8 ,we !n h ! *oice betwe5 f\l air )9 & pure air )\t4 ,=1 9 l>ge cities especially1 ! night air is f> m :olesome ?an t ( ! daytime4 ,to secure fre% air at night1 we mu/ op5 ! w9d[s ( our b$room4 & s we brea! its doz5 hog%eads ( air ov] & ov] aga91 & !n wond] :y we awak5 9 ! morn+ s dull & unrefre%$6 ,return to our room aft] inhal+ ! fre%1 morn+ air1 & ! fetid odor we meet on op5+ ! door1 is conv9c+ pro( h[ we h poison$ our lungs dur+ ! night4 ,ea* room %\ld be suppli$ ) two ?\s& feet ( fre% air p] h\r = e p]son x conta9s4 ,our +5uity ought to f9d "s way ( do+ ?is advantage\sly & pleasantly4 ,a moiety ( ! c>e we devote to delicate articles ( food1 dr9k1 & dress w\ld abundantly meet ?is prime necessity ( our bodies4 ,op5 ! w9d[s a little at ! top & ! bottom4 ,put on pl5ty ( clo?+ to keep w>m by day & by night1 & !n let ! inspir+ oxyg5 come 9 z freely z ,god has giv5 x4 ,pure air is ! *eape/ necessity & luxury ( life4 ,let x n be ! r>e/6 ,,s*oolroom ,,v5tilation4--,:o1 on go+ f ! op5 air ( a cle>1 brac+ w9t]'s day1 into a cr[d$ s*oolroom1 late 9 ! session1 has n notic$ ! disagreeable odor1 & be5 = a mom5t nauseat$ & half /ifl$ by ! oppressive atmosph]e6 ,x is n /range4 ,see h[ _m causes "h comb9e to pollute ! air4 ,if ! room is heat$ by a /ove1 quantities ( c>bonic-oxide & c>bonic-acid gases1 z well z o!r products ( combu/ion1 driv5 by d[nw>d drafts 9 ! flue1 escape ?r\gh seams & cracks & ! occasionally op5$ door ( ! /ove4 ,9 ! case ( a furnace1 ! same effect is too (t5 exp]i5c$1 & ! odor ( coal gas is a common "o1 especially :5 ! fire is repl5i%$4 ,! ins5sible p]spiration is m active 9 *ildr5 ?an 9 adults2 !y1 moreov]1 ru% 9 ) _! clo?+ saturat$ ) ! p]spiration induc$ by _! sports2 s t1 on ! av]age1 ea* pupil1 dur+ s*ool h\rs1 loads ! air ) ab\t half a p9t ( aque\s vapor4 ,! *ildr5 come1 (t5times1 f homes t are close1 ill- v5tilat$1 & uncleanly2 & frequ5tly f sick rooms1 br++ 9 _! clo?+ ! g]ms ( disease4 7,see p4 #cjd47 ,"s ( ! pupils may ev5 be> traces ( illness1 or h uns\nd organs1 & s _! brea? & exhalations be poison\s4 ,9 addition to all ?is1 ! air is fill$ ) du/ br\ght 9 & kept a/ir by _m busy feet2 ) a%es float+ f ! /ove or furnace2 & especially ) *alk du/4 ,! mod]n me?od ( tea*+ requires a l>ge am\nt ( blackbo>d "w1 & ! air ( ! s*oolroom is ?us load$ ) *alk p>ticles4 ,^! collect 9 ! nasal passages1 & ! upp] "p ( ! l>ynx1 & irritate ! membrane1 p]haps lay+ ! f\ndation ( cat>rh4 ,! usual s*oolroom atmosph]e be>s 9 ! pupils ! natural fruit ( frequ5t heada*es1 inatt5tion1 we>9ess1 & /upor2 b 9 ! tea*] its frightful influ5ce is mo/ app>5t4 ,8 labor is sev]e1 8 worry ( m9d is con/ant1 &1 :5 he f9i%es 8 day's "w1 he is g5]ally too tir$ to take prop] physical ex]cise4 ,he consequ5tly labors on ) impair$ heal?1 or is =c$ to ab&on 8 pr(ession4 ,in/ead ( six hundr$ feet ( space be+ all[$ = ea* pupil1 z p]fect v5tilation dem&s--! l[e/ e/imate be+ two hundr$ & fifty feet--(t5 n ov] "o hundr$ feet are af=d$4 ,in/ead ( two ?\s& cubic feet ( fre% air be+ suppli$ e h\r = ea* p]son1 & z mu* f\l air remov$1 :i*1 all physiologi/s ass]t1 is ne$$ = p]fect heal?1 p]haps no means ( v5tilation at all are provid$1 & none is secur$ except :at an occasionally op5$ door1 or ! b5evol5t cracks & *9ks 9 ! build+ furni% ! suff]+ lungs4 ,footnote3 ,imag9e fifty pupils put into a class room ?irty feet long1 tw5ty-five feet wide1 & t5 feet high4 ,?is w\ld g5]ally be consid]$ a v lib]al provision4 ,su* a room conta9s sev5 ?\s& five hundr$ cubic feet ( air4 ,b x furni%es only "o hundr$ & fifty feet ( space = ea* pupil4 ,all[+ t5 cubic feet ( air p] pupil ea* m9ute1 9 fifte5 m9utes aft] assembl+1 ! entire atmosph]e ( ! room is ta9t$1 & unfit to be rebrea!d4 ,! dem& ( heal? is t at lea/ "o ?\s& five hundr$ cubic feet ( pure air %\ld be admitt$ into ?is room e m9ute1 & z mu* be remov$4 ,,h[ ,,%all ,,we ,,v5tilate8--,! usual me?od ( v5tilation dep5ds ^u ! fact t hot air is light] ?an cold air1 & s ! cold air t5ds1 by ! =ce ( gravity1 to fall & compel ! w>m air to rise4 ,?us1 if we op5 ! door ( a heat$ room1 & hold a light$ c&le fir/ at ! top1 & !n at ! bottom1 we c see1 by ! deflection ( ! flame1 t !re is a curr5t ( air sett+ outw>d at ! top1 & ano!r sett+ inw>d at ! bottom ( ! op5+4 ,a h&k]*ief held loosely1 or ! smoke ( a smold]+ mat*1 9 front ( a fireplace w %[ a curr5t ( air pass+ up ! *imney2 ?is is caus$ by ! diff]5ce ( temp]ature betwe5 ! air 9 ! room & ! outside atmosph]e4 ,^u ?is diff]5ce ( temp]ature1 all ord9>y v5tilation is bas$4 ,footnote3 ,public build+s are sometimes v5tilat$ by me*anical means1 i4 e41 imm5se fans :i* are turn$ by ma*9]y1 & ?us set ! air 9 motion4 ,su* me?ods are1 h[ev]1 exp5sive1 & r>ely adopt$1 except :]e p[] is also us$ = o!r purposes4 ,a prop] treatm5t ( ?is subject & its practical applications1 w\ld require a book by itself4 ,!re is room "h = only a few g5]al /atem5ts & sugge/ions4 #a4 ,two op5+s are always necess>y to produce a ?or\gh *ange ( air4 7,see ,popul> ,*emi/ry1 p4 #gj47 ,put a light$ c&le 9 a bottle4 ,! flame w soon be ext+ui%$4 ,! oxyg5 ( ! little air 9 ! bottle is burn$ out1 & c>bonic acid has tak5 its place4 ,n[ place ov] ! m\? ( ! bottle a lamp *imney1 & ins]t 9 ! *imney a /rip ( c>dbo>d1 ?us divid+ ! passage4 ,on relight+ ! c&le1 x w burn freely4 ,! smoke ( a bit ( smold]+ pap] w %[ t two opposite curr5ts ( air are e/abli%$1 "o sett+ into ! bottle1 ! o!r outw>d4 #b4 ,9 ! w9t]1 :5 our s*oolrooms1 *ur*es1 public halls1 etc41 are heat$ artificially1 v5tilation is comp>atively easy if prop]ly arrang$4 ,footnote3 ,= ! escape ( bad air1 ,dr4 ,bell sugge/s t an effici5t f\l-air %aft may be fitt$ to ! commone/ ( /oves by simply inclos+ ! /ovepipe 9 a jacket--t is1 9 a pipe two or ?ree in*es great] 9 diamet]4 ,?is %\ld be brac$ r\nd ! /ovepipe & left op5 at ! end next ! /ove4 ,at its entrance into ! *imney1 a p]=at$ coll> %\ld sep>ate x f ! /ovepipe4 ,! requir$ diff]5ce ( temp]ature is kept up ) little difficulty4 ,! fre% air admitt$ to ! room %\ld !n be heat$ ,footnote3 ,v5tilation is *ange ( air1 &1 unless sci5tifically arrang$1 & especially unless ! incom+ volume ( air be w>m$ 9 cold wea!r1 su* *ange ( atmosph]e means cold curr5ts1 ) _! att5dant tra9 ( cat>rhs1 bron*itis1 neuralgia1 rheumatism1 & all ! evils t spr+ f ^! diseases4 ,! raw1 damp1 fro/y air ( our ev]-*ang+ w9t] temp]ature ought n to h uncontroll$ & con/ant +ress to our dwell+s4 ,air out ( doors is suit$ to out ( door habits4 ,x is heal?y & brac+ :5 ! body is coat$ & wrapp$1 & prep>$ to meet x1 & :5 ex]cise c be tak5 to keep up ! circulation2 b to live "u cov] is to live artificially1 & su* ess5tial conditions mu/ be obs]v$ z suit an abnormal /ate4 ,all ! evils atta*+ to v5tilation1 z x is g5]ally effect$1 spr+ f ! neglect ( ?is consi/5cy4--,we/m9/] ,review4 ei!r by a furnace1 or by pass+ ov] a /ove1 or ?r\gh a coil ( /eam pipes4 ,?is cold air %\ld always be tak5 directly f out ( doors1 & n f a cell>1 or f "u a piazza1 :]e contam9ation is possible4 #c4 ,9 ord] to remove ! impure air1 !re %\ld be v5tilators provid$ at or ne> ! floor1 op5+ into air %afts1 or pipes lead+ upw>d ?r\gh ! ro(1 ) prop] orifices at ! top4 ,^! v5tilat+ pipes %\ld be heat$ artificially s z to produce a draught4 ,!y may =m "o ( ! flues ( a *imney 9 :i* !re is a con/ant fire2 or be c>ri$ upw>d 9 a l>ge flue ?r\gh ! c5t] ( :i* runs ! smoke pipe ( ! furnace or /ove2 ,footnote3 ,?is plan has be5 adopt$ 9 ! new] s*ool build+s ( ,elmira1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! old] build+s 7 provid$ ) v5tilat+ pipes1 n heat$ artificially1 & h5ce ( no s]vice4 ,^! pipes are r5d]$ effective1 h[ev]1 by conduct+ !m into a small room 9 ! g>ret1 heat$ by a coal /ove4 ,f ?is room1 a l>ge exit pipe leads to ! ro(1 :]e x t]m9ates 9 an ,em]son's v5tilator4 ,s /rong a draught is ?us e/abli%$ t ?r\gh\t ! build+ air is tak5 f ! floors1 & consequ5tly ! cool] portion ( ! rooms1 at a velocity ( ?ree to five feet p] second or "o hundr$ & eighty to ?ree hundr$ cubic feet p] m9ute = ea* squ>e foot ( flue op5+4 ,9 p]p5dicul> flues1 heat$ ?r\gh\t ) a smoke flue f ! furnace1 t5 feet p] second is atta9$4 or ! v5tilat+ pipe be itself convey$ ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! l>g] *imney flue4 ,if ! regi/] = hot air be on ! floor at "o side ( ! room1 two or m v5tilators may be plac$ ne> ! floor on ! opposite side4 ,! w>m air w ?us make ! complete circuit ( ! room1 & ?or\ghly w>m x be=e pass+ out4 ,if ! v5tilat+ %aft be n heat$ artificially2 ! v5tilator mu/ be plac$ at ! top ( ! room 9 ord] t ! hot air may escape ?r\gh x1 ?us produc+ an upw>d draught4 ,b ! objection to ?is me?od is t x all[s ! w>m] air to escape1 :ile economy requires t ! cool] air at ! bottom ( ! room %\ld be remov$ & ! w>m air be made to desc5d1 ?us secur+ uni=mity ( temp]ature4 #d4 ,9 ! summ]1 v5tilation may be commonly provid$ = by op5+ w9d[s at ! top & ! bottom1 on ! %elt]$ side ( ! build+1 s z to avoid draughts ( air injuri\s to ! occupants4 ,on a dull1 /ill1 hot day1 :5 !re is little diff]5ce ( temp]ature betwe5 ! inn] & ! out] air1 v5tilation c be secur$ only by hav+ a fire provid$ 9 ! v5tilat+ %aft2 ?is1 by exhau/+ ! air f ! room1 w cause a fre% curr5t to p\r 9 ?r\gh ! op5 w9d[s4 ,at recess1 all ! *ildr5 %\ld1 if ! wea!r p]mit1 be s5t out ( doors1 to all[ _! clo?+ to be expos$ to ! purify+ influ5ce ( ! op5 air2 meantime1 ! w9d[s %\ld be ?r[n wide op51 t ! room may be ?or\ghly v5tilat$ dur+ _! abs5ce4 ,9 bad wea!r1 rapid m>*+ or cali/h5ic ex]cises w furni% ex]cise1 & also p]mit ! air+ ( ! room4 #e4 ,! s*ool & ! *ur* are ! c5t]s = spread+ contagi\s diseases4 ,! =m] (f]s especially dang]\s facilities = scatt]+ disease g]ms4 ,great pa9s1 !re=e1 %\ld be tak5 to exclude pupils attack$ by or recov]+ f diph!ria1 sc>let fev]1 :oop+ c\gh1 etc41 & ev5 ^? :o live 9 h\ses :]e su* sickness exi/s4 #f4 ,9 our h\ses ,footnote3 ,! air ( our homes is (t5 contam9at$ by decay+ vegetables & o!r fil? 9 ! cell>2 by bad air drawn up f ! soil into ! cell>1 by ! p[]ful draughts t our fires create2 by defective gas & wa/e pipes t let ! f\l air f cesspool or sew] spread ?r\gh ! h\se2 & by piles ( refuse1 or puddles ( slops empti$ at ! back door4 ,too (t51 also1 ! wat] 9 our wells1 or 9 ! /reams t supply our t[ns & cities1 receives ! dra9age f ou?\ses & b>ny>ds1 & s introduces into our sy/ems1 9 ! liquid--& ?us easily assimilat$--=m1 ! mo/ dang]\s poisons4 ,! "q ( sanit>y precautions is "o t presses ^u e obs]vant m9d1 & dem&s con/ant & ?\ghtful att5tion4 7,see p4 #cje47 op5 fireplaces are effici5t v5tilators1 & !y %\ld nev] be clos$ = any cause4 ,fre% air admitt$ by a hot-air regi/] & impure air pass$ out by a *imney1 =m a simple & ?or\gh sy/em4 ,our sleep+ ap>tm5ts dem& especial c>e4 ,z soon z ! occupants leave ! room1 ! b$clo!s %\ld be remov$1 & laid on ! backs ( *airs to air2 ! b$ be %ak5 up2 & ! w9d[s ?r[n op54 ,9 ! summ]1 ! w9d[s may be clos$ be=e ! sun is high2 ! h\se is !n left fill$ ) ! cool morn+ air4 ,9 damp & cold wea!r1 a fire %\ld be light$ 9 sleep+ ap>tm5ts1 p>ticul>ly if us$ by *ildr5 ,footnote3 ,9 w9t]1 *ildr5 %\ld always be giv5 a mod]ately w>m1 well-v5tilat$ b$room1 ) light1 fleecy b$ cov]+s4 ,says a rec5t ,engli% writ]3 ,! lov+ c>e :i* prescribes = *ildr5 a cold b$room & a hot1 swelt]+ b$ is ( ! nature t kills4 ,buri$ 9 blankets1 _! delicate sk9s become ov]heat$ & relax$1 :ile !y are irritat$ by p]spiration2 at ! same "t1 ! mo/ delicate tissues ( all1 9 ! lungs1 are deal+ ) air abnormally frigid4 ,! poor little victims ( comb9$ ignorance & k9dness ?us toss & dream1 fev]i% & tr\bl$1 "u a mass ( b$clo!s1 :ile ! well-mean+ "m1 soo!d by a b$room fire1 slumb]s peacefully ?r\gh ?is work+ out ( ! sad process ( ! 'survival ( ! fitte/4' or delicate p]sons1 to dry ! b$clo?+1 & also to prev5t a *ill on ! "p ( ! occupants4 ,x is n necess>y to g %iv]+ to b$ 9 ord] to h>d5 "o's con/itution4 ,,wond]s ,,( ,,respiration4--,! p]fection ( ! organs ( respiration *all5ges our admiration4 ,s delicate are !y t ! lea/ pressure w\ld cause exquisite pa91 yet tons ( air surge to & fro ?r\gh _! intricate passages1 & ba! _! inn]mo/ cells4 ,we ye>ly p]=m at lea/ sev5 million acts ( brea?+1 inhal+ "o hundr$ ?\s& cubic feet ( air1 & purify+ ov] ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ tons ( blood4 ,?is gigantic process goes on con/antly1 nev] we>ies or worries u1 & we wond] at x only :5 sci5ce reveals to u its magnitude4 ,9 addition1 by a wise economy1 ! process ( respiration is made to subs]ve a second use no less important1 & ! air we exhale1 pass+ ?r\gh ! organs ( voice1 is trans=m$ into pray]s ( fai?1 songs ( hope1 & words ( social *e]4 ,,fig4 #cc4 ,illu/ration3 ,a1 ! natural position ( ! int]nal organs4 ,b :5 de=m$ by tight lac+ ,m>%all says t ! liv] & ! /oma* h1 9 ?is way1 be5 =c$ d[nw>d almo/ z l[ z ! pelvis4 ,,diseases1 ,,etc4--#a4 ,con/riction ( ! ,lungs is produc$ by tight clo?+4 ,! ribs are ?us =c$ inw>d1 ! size ( ! *e/ is dim9i%$1 & ! am\nt ( inhal$ air decreas$4 ,/iff clo?+1 & especially a g>m5t t w n admit ( a full brea? )\t inconv5i5ce1 w prev5t t free movem5t ( ! ribs s ess5tial to heal?4 ,any infraction ( ! laws ( respiration1 ev5 ?\gh x be fa%ionable1 w result 9 dim9i%$ vitality & vigor1 & w be fe>fully puni%$ by sickness & weakness ?r\gh ! :ole life4 #b4 ,bron*itis 7bron-ki'-tis7 is an inflammation 7see ,inflammation7 ( ! muc\s membrane ( ! bron*ial tubes4 ,x is accompani$ by an increas$ secretion ( mucus1 & consequ5t c\gh+4 #c4 ,pleurisy is an inflammation ( ! pleura4 ,x is sometimes caus$ by an injury to ! ribs1 & results 9 a secretion ( wat] )9 ! membrane4 #d4 ,pneumonia 7pneuma1 brea?7 is an inflammation ( ! lungs1 affect+ *iefly ! air cells4 #e4 ,consumption is a disease :i* de/roys ! sub/ance ( ! lungs4 ,l o!r lung difficulties1 x is caus$ l>gely by a want ( pure air1 a lib]al supply ( :i* is ! be/ treatm5t t c be prescrib$ = x4 ,footnote3 ,if ,i 7 s]i\sly ill ( consumption1 ,i w\ld live outdoors day & night1 except 9 ra9y wea!r or midw9t]2 !n ,i w\ld sleep 9 an unpla/]$ log h\se4 ,physic has no nutrim5t1 gasp+s = air c n cure y1 monkey cap]s 9 a gymnasium c n cure y1 /imulants c n cure y4 ,:at consumptives want is pure air1 n physic1 pl5ty ( meat & pl5ty ( bread4--,,dr4 ,,m>%all ,,hall4 #f4 ,asphyxia 7z-fix'-i-a74--,:5 a p]son is dr[n$1 /rangl$1 or *ok$ 9 any way1 :at is call$ asphyxia occurs4 ,! face turns black2 ! ve9s become turgid2 ins5sibility & (t5 convulsions ensue4 ,if relief is n secur$ )9 a few m9utes1 dea? w be inevitable4 ,footnote3 ,! lack ( oxyg51 & ! pres5ce ( c>bonic-acid gas1 are ! comb9$ causes4 ,oxyg5 />vation & c>bonic-acid poison+1 ea* fatal 9 itself1 "w toge!r to de/roy life4 7,see p4 #bfd47 #g4 ,diph!ria 7diph!ra1 a membrane7 is *>act]iz$ by fev]1 debility1 & a peculi> sore ?roat1 9 :i* exud+ fibr9\s matt] =ms a grayi% :ite membrane1 :i* aft]w>d decomposes ) a fetid odor4 ,its sudd5 & insidi\s approa*1 contagi\s "*1 & frequ5t fatality1 r5d] x an exce$+ly dread$ disease4 ,a diph!ritic pati5t %\ld be qu>ant9$1 & ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! sick room ?or\ghly dis9fect$4 #h4 ,cr\p1 :i* (t5 attacks "y *ildr51 is an inflammation ( ! muc\s membrane ( ! l>ynx & tra*ea4 ,x is commonly prec$$ by a cold4 ,! *ild sneezes1 c\ghs1 & is ho>se1 b ! attack frequ5tly comes on sudd5ly1 & usually 9 ! night4 ,x is accompani$ by a peculi> brassy1 r++ c\gh1 :i*1 once he>d1 c nev] be mi/ak54 ,x may prove fatal )9 a few h\rs4 7,see p4 #bfj47 #i4 ,/amm]+ dep5ds1 n on defects ( ! muscles1 b on a want ( due control ( ! m9d4 ,:5 a /amm]] is n too consci\s ( 8 lack1 & tries to =m 8 words sl[ly1 he speaks pla9ly1 & may s+ well1 = !n 8 words mu/ foll[ "o ano!r 9 rhy?mic "t4 ,_m p]sons :o /amm] 9 common conv]sation c talk ) flu5cy :5 mak+ a spee*4 ,! /amm]] %\ld seek to discov] ! cause ( 8 difficulty1 & to ov]come x by vocal & respiratory ex]cise1 especially by speak+ only aft] a full inspiration1 & dur+ a long1 sl[ expiration4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,:at is ! philosophy ( ! *ange ( voice 9 a boy8 #b4 ,:y c we see our brea? on a fro/y morn+8 #c4 ,:5 a law ( heal? & a law ( fa%ion conflict1 :i* %\ld we obey8 #d4 ,if we use a bunk b$1 %\ld we pack away ! clo!s :5 we fir/ rise 9 ! morn+8 #e4 ,:y %\ld a clo!spress be well v5tilat$8 #f4 ,%\ld ! weight ( our clo?+ hang f ! wai/1 or ! %\ld]8 #g4 ,describe ! effects ( liv+ 9 an ov]heat$ room4 #h4 ,:at habits impair ! p[] ( ! lungs8 #i4 ,= full1 easy brea?+ 9 s++1 %\ld we use ! diaphragm & l[] ribs1 or ! upp] ribs alone8 #aj4 ,:y is x bett] to brea! ?r\gh ! nose ?an ! m\?8 #aa4 ,:y %\ld n a speak] talk :ile return+ home on a cold night aft] a lecture8 #ab4 ,:at "p ( ! body ne$s ! loose/ clo?+8 #ac4 ,:at "p ne$s ! w>me/8 #ad4 ,:y is a sp>e b$ g5]ally unheal?ful8 #ae4 ,is !re any good 9 sigh+8 #af4 ,%\ld a hat be ?or\ghly v5tilat$8 ,h[8 #ag4 ,:y d ! lungs ( p :o live 9 cities become ( a gray color8 #ah4 ,h[ w\ld y conv9ce a p]son t a b$room %\ld be air$8 ,footnote3 ,if ! cond5s$ brea? collect$ on ! cool w9d[panes ( a room :]e a numb] ( p]sons h be5 assembl$1 be burn$1 a smell z ( s+$ hair w %[ ! pres5ce ( organic matt]2 & if ! cond5s$ brea? be all[$ to rema9 on ! w9d[s = a few days1 x w be f\nd1 on exam9ation by ! microscope1 t x is alive ) animalcul4 #ai4 ,:at p]sons are mo/ liable to cat>rhs1 consumption1 etc48 #bj4 ,if a p]son is plung$ "u wat]1 w x ent] 8 lungs8 #ba4 ,are b$ curta9s heal?ful8 #bb4 ,:y d "s p take %ort brea?s aft] a meal8 #bc ,:at is ! special value ( public p>ks8 #bd4 ,c a p]son become us$ to bad air1 s t x w n injure him8 #be4 ,:y d we gape :5 we are sleepy8 #bf4 ,is a fa%ionable wai/ a model ( art 9 sculpture or pa9t+8 #bg4 ,%\ld a fireplace be clos$8 ,footnote3 ,?\s&s ( lives w\ld be sav$ if all fireplaces 7 kept op54 ,if y are s =tunate z to h a fireplace 9 y\r room1 pa9t x :5 n 9 use1 put a b\quet ( fre% fl[]s 9 x e morn+1 if y please1 or d any?+ to make x attractive1 b nev] close x2 bett] use ! firebo>ds = k9dl+ wood4 ,x w\ld be sc>cely m absurd to take a piece ( elegantly-t9t$ c\rt-pla/] & /op up ! nose1 tru/+ to ! accid5tal op5+ & %utt+ ( ! m\? = fre% air1 because y ?\ght x spoil$ ! looks ( y\r face to h two su* great1 ugly holes 9 x1 ?an to /op y\r fireplace ) elegantly-t9t$ pap]1 or a ,japanese fan1 because x looks bett]4--,le$s4 #bh4 ,:y does emb>rassm5t or fright cause a /amm]] to /utt] /ill m pa9fully8 #bi4 ,9 ! organs ( voice1 :at p>ts h some:at ! same effect z ! case ( a viol9 & ! s\nd+-bo>d ( a piano8 #cj4 ,:y %\ld we be c>eful n to take ! brea? ( a sick p]son8 #ca4 ,:at special c>e %\ld be tak5 ) reg>d to keep+ a cell> clean8 #cb4 ,h[ is ! air /ra9$ z x passes into ! lungs8 #cc4 ,c "o really draw ! air into 8 lungs8 #cd4 ,h[ (t5 d we brea!8 #ce4 ,describe "s approv$ me?od ( v5tilation4 #cf4 ,:at is at once ! floor ( ! *e/ & ! ro( ( ! abdom58 #cg4 ,:at w\ld y d 9 a case ( app>5t dea? by dr[n+1 or by coal gas8 7,see p4 #bfd47 #ch4 ,:at w\ld y d 9 a case ( cr\p1 :ile ! doctor 0 com+8 7,see p4 #bfj47 #ci4 ,h[ w\ld y treat a sev]e burn8 7,see p4 #beg47 #dj4 ,describe ! v>i\s ways 9 :i* ! wat] 9 a well is liable to become un:olesome4 ,,fig4 #cd4 ,illu/ration ,v4 ,,! ,,circulation4 ,no re/ ?is ?robb+ slave may ask1 ,=ev] quiv]+ o'er 8 task1 ,:ile f> & wide a crimson jet ,leaps =? to fill ! wov5 net1 ,:i* 9 unnumb]'d cross+ tides ,! flood ( burn+ life divides1 ,!n1 k9dl+ ea* decay+ "p1 ,creeps back to f9d ! ?robb+ he>t4 ,,holmes4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,circulation #a4 ,its ,composition4 #a4 ,,! ,,blood #b4 ,its ,uses4 #c4 ,transfusion4 #d4 ,coagulation #a4 ,description4 #b4 ,movem5ts4 #c4 ,auricles & ,v5tricles4 #a4 ,! a4 ,ne$ (4 ,he>t4 b4 ,tricuspid & ,bicuspid4 #d4 ,! c4 ,! ,/r5g!n- ,valves4 + ( ! ,valves4 d4 ,semilun> ,valves4 #b4 ,,organs ,,( ,,! #b4 ,! #a4 ,description4 ,,circulation ,art]ies #b4 ,! ,art]ial ,sy/em4 #c4 ,! ,pulse4 #c4 ,! #a4 ,g5]al ,description4 ,ve9s #b4 ,valves4 #d4 ,! #a4 ,description4 ,capilla- #b4 ,use4 ries #c4 ,"u ! ,microscope4 #a4 ,! ,less]4 #c4 ,,! ,,circulation4 #b4 ,! ,great]4 #c4 ,! ,velocity ( ! ,blood4 #d4 ,,! ,,heat ,,( ,,! #a4 ,di/ribution4 ,,body4 #b4 ,regulation4 #e4 ,,life ,,by ,,dea?4 #f4 ,,*ange ,,( ,,our ,,bodies4 #g4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,vital ,,organs4 #h4 ,,wond]s ,,( ,,! ,,he>t4 #a4 ,description #i4 ,,! ,,lymphatic #b4 ,! ,gl&s4 ,,circulation4 #c4 ,! ,lymph4 #d4 ,! ,(fice ( ! ,lymphatics4 #a4 ,conge/ion4 #b4 ,inflammation4 #c4 ,ble$+4 #aj4 ,,diseases4 #d4 ,scr(ula4 #e4 ,a ,cold4 #f4 ,cat>rh4 #a4 ,effect ( ,alcohol ^u ! ,circulation4 #aa4 ,,alcoholic #b4 ,effect ( ,alcohol ^u ! ,he>t4 ,,dr9ks ,,& #c4 ,effect ( ,alcohol ^u ! ,membrane4 ,,n>cotics4 #d4 ,effect ( ,alcohol ^u ! ,blood4 #e4 ,effect ( ,alcohol ^u ! ,lungs4 ,,! ,,circulation4 ,,! ,,organs ,,( ,,! ,,circulation are ! he>t1 ! art]ies1 ! ve9s1 & ! capill>ies4 ,,fig4 #ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,a1 corpuscles ( human blood1 highly magnifi$2 ,b1 corpuscles 9 ! blood ( an animal 7a non mammal74 ,,! ,,blood is ! liquid by means ( :i* ! circulation is effect$4 ,x p]meates e "p ( ! body1 except ! cuticle1 nails1 hair1 etc4 ,! av]age quantity 9 ea* p]son is ab\t eighte5 p\nds4 ,footnote3 ,x is difficult to e/imate ! exact am\nt1 & !re=e au?orities disagree4 ,fo/] places x at ab\t "o ?irte5? ( ! body weight4 ,x is compos$ ( a ?91 colorless liquid1 ! plasma1 fill$ ) r$ disks or cells1 ,footnote3 ,!re is also "o :ite globul> cell to e ?ree or f\r hundr$ r$ ones4 ,! blood is no m r$ ?an ! wat] ( a /ream w\ld be if y 7 to fill x ) little r$ fi%es4 ,suppose ! fi%es to be v1 v small--z small z a gra9 ( s&-- & closely cr[d$ toge!r ?r\gh ! :ole dep? ( ! /ream2 ! wat] w\ld look q r$1 w\ld x n8 ,& ?is is ! way 9 :i*1 blood looks r$--only obs]ve "o ?+2 a gra9 ( s& is a m\nta9 9 comp>ison ) ! little r$ fi%es 9 ! blood4 ,if ,i 7 to tell y !y measur$ ab\t #a_/cejj ( an in* 9 diamet]1 y w\ld n be mu* wis]2 s ,i pref] say+ 7by way ( giv+ y a m p]fect idea ( _! m9ut5ess7 t !re w\ld be ab\t a million 9 su* a drop ( blood z w\ld hang on ! po9t ( a ne$le4 ,i say s on ! au?ority ( a sci5tific microscopi/--,m4 ,b\illet4 ,n t he has ev] c\nt$ !m1 z y may suppose1 any m ?an ,i h done2 b ?is is z ne> an approa* z c be made by calculation to ! size ( #a_/cejj "p ( an in* 9 diamet]4--,,jean ,,mace4 s small t ab\t ?ree ?\s& five hundr$ plac$ side by side w\ld measure only an in*1 & x w\ld take sixte5 ?\s& laid flatwise ^u "o ano!r to make a column ( t height4 ,"u ! microscope1 !y are f\nd to be r\nd$ at ! edge & concave on bo? sides4 ,footnote3 ,by prick+ ! end ( ! f+] ) a ne$le1 we c obta9 a drop = exam9ation4 ,place x on ! slide1 cov] ) a glass1 & put x at once "u ! microscope4 ,! r$ disks w be se5 to gr\p !mselves 9 r[s1 :ile ! :ite disks w seem to draw ap>t1 & to be con/antly *ang+ _! =m4 ,aft] a gradual evaporation1 ! cry/als 7,fig4 #cf7 may be se54 ,9 animals1 !y h v>i\s1 ?\gh di/9ctive =ms4 ,!y h a t5d5cy to collect 9 piles l rolls ( co94 ,! size & %ape v>y 9 ! blood ( diff]5t animals4 ,footnote3 ,au?orities diff] greatly 9 _! e/imate ( ! size ( ! disks 7corpuscles7 9 human blood4 ,! fact is t ! size v>ies 9 diff]5t p]sons1 probably also 9 ! same individual4 ,_m ( ! be/ microscopi/s !re=e hesitate to /ate :e!r a p>ticul> specim5 ( blood belong$ to a human be+ or to an animal4 ,o!rs claim t !y c di/+ui% ) accuracy4 ,evid5tly1 ! "q is "o ( great unc]ta9ty4 ,! foll[+ /atem5t ( ! size ( ! cells 9 diff]5t animals is tak5 f ,gulliv]'s tables3 ,cat1 #a_/ddjd ( an in* 9 diamet]2 :ale1 #a_/cajj2 m\se1 #a_/cfad2 hog1 #a_/dbcj2 camel1 #a_/cabc2 %eep1 #a_/cceb2 horse1 #a_/dhjj2 ,virg9ia de]1 #a_/ejch2 dog- fac$ baboon1 #a_/dhfa2 br[n baboon1 #a_/cdic2 r$ monkey1 #a_/ccif2 black monkey1 #a_/cecj4 ,disks are cont9ually =m+ 9 ! blood1 & are con/antly dy+--tw5ty million at e brea?4--,,drap]4 ,! plasma also conta9s fibr91 ,footnote3 x is usual to say t fibr9 is conta9$ 9 ! blood4 ,x probably does n exi/ z su*1 b !re are pres5t 9 ! blood c]ta9 sub/ances kn[n z p>aglobul9 & fibr9og51 :i* by ! action ( a ?ird sub/ance1 fibr9 f]m5t "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 =m fibr9 & s cause coagulation4 ,! exact nature ( ! process by :i* fibr9 is produc$ by ^! ?ree factors is n und]/ood--,see ,fo/]'s ,text ,book ( ,physiology1 p #bb4 album9--:i* is f\nd ne>ly pure 9 ! :ite ( an egg--& v>i\s m9]al sub/ances1 z iron1 ,footnote3 ,en\gh iron has be5 f\nd 9 ! a%es ( a burn$ body to =m a m\rn+ r+4 lime1 magnesia1 phosphorus1 pota%1 etc4 ,,fig4 #cf4 ,illu/ration3 ,blood ,cry/als ,,uses ,,( ,,! ,,blood4--,! blood has be5 call$ liquid fle%2 b x is m ?an t1 s9ce x conta9s ! mat]ials = mak+ e organ4 ,! plasma is ri* 9 m9]al matt] = ! bones1 & 9 album5 = ! muscles4 ,! r$ disks are ! air cells ( ! blood4 ,!y conta9 ! oxyg5 s ess5tial to e op]ation ( life4 ,:]ev] !re is "w to be done or repairs to be made1 !re ! oxyg5 is ne$$4 ,x /imulates to action1 & te>s d[n all t is worn out4 ,9 ?is process1 x comb9es ) & actually burns out p>ts ( ! muscles & o!r tissues1 z wood is burn$ 9 ! /ove4 ,footnote3 ,= ! sake ( simplicity1 p]haps to conceal our own ignorance1 we call ?is process burn+4 ,! simile ( a fire is good s f> z x goes4 ,b z to ! real nature ( ! *ange :i* ! physiologi/ briefly t]ms oxidation1 we "k no?+4 ,?is mu* only c be ass]t$ positively4 ,a /ream ( oxyg5 is c>ri$ by ! blood to ! muscles 79 fact to e tissue 9 ! body71 :ile1 f ! muscles ! blood c>ries away a /ream ( c>bonic acid & wat]4 ,b :at takes place 9 ! muscles1 :5 & :at *emical *ange occurs1 no "o c tell4 ,we see ! fir/ & ! la/ /age4 ,we "k t contraction ( ! muscles someh[ comes ab\t1 oxyg5 disappe>s1 c>bonic acid appe>s1 en]gy is releas$1 & =ce is exhibit$ z motion1 heat1 & electricity4 ,b ! int]m$iate /ep is hidd54 ,!re are c]ta9 !ories advanc$1 h[ev]1 t are wor? consid]+4 ,"s physiologi/s hold t ! muscle has ! p[] ( tak+ up ! oxyg5 f ! hemoglob9 7a body t comprises n9ety p] c5t ( ! r$ corpuscles :5 dri$1 & is ! oxyg5 c>ri] ( ! blood71 & fix+ x1 z well z ! raw mat]ial 7food7 furni%$ by ! blood1 ?us =m+ a true contractile sub/ance4 ,! break+ d[n or decomposition ( ?is contractile sub/ance 9 ! muscle1 sets free its pot5tial en]gy4 ,! process is g5tle s long z ! muscle is at re/1 b becomes excessive & viol5t :5 contraction occurs4 7,see ,fo/]'s ,physiology1 p4 #aah47 ,x is also believ$ by "s t ! *emical *ange 9 ! muscle p>takes ( a f]m5tive "*2 t1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! prop] f]m5ts1 ! sub/ances break up into o!r & simpl] products1 ?us sett+ free heat & =ce2 & t ?is *emical *ange is foll[$ by a second>y oxidation by ! oxyg5 9 ! art]ial blood1 !reby =m+ c>bonic acid & wat]1 z 9 all putrefactive processes4 ,b ^! & o!r views are n z yet fully und]/ood2 :ile !y utt]ly fail to tell u h[ a collection ( simple cells1 fill$ m]ely ) a semifluid mass ( matt]1 c contract & set free muscul> p[]4 ,! commonness ( ?is act hides f u its wond]ful nature4 ,b "h1 hidd5 9 ! cell--,nature's t9y laboratory--lies ! my/]y ( life4 ,be=e its clos$ door we pond] 9 va91 confess+ ! unskillfulness ( our labor1 & fe>+ all ! :ile le/ ! ,secret ( ! ,cell w always elude our se>*4 ,! blood1 n[ f\l ) ! burn$ matt]1 ! refuse ( ?is fire1 is caught up by ! circulation1 & :irl$ back to ! lungs1 :]e x is purifi$1 & aga9 s5t b\nd+ on its way4 ,!re are !n two diff]5t k9ds ( ! blood 9 ! body3 ! r$ or art]ial1 & ! d>k or v5\s4 ,,transfusion4--,z ! blood is really ! vital fluid x w\ld seem t feeble p]sons might be re/or$ to vigor by infus+ heal?y blood into _! ve9s4 ,?is hypo!sis1 s valuable 9 its possible results 9 prolong+ human life1 has be5 c>efully te/$4 ,animals :i* h ceas$ to brea! h ?us _h _! vitality recall$4 ,9 ! sev5te5? c5tury ! !ory became a subject ( special inve/igation4 ,a maniac 0 re/or$ to reason by ! blood ( a calf1 & ! mo/ extravagant hopes 7 ent]ta9$4 ,b _m fatal accid5ts occurr+1 exp]im5ts ^u human be+s 7 =bidd5 by law1 & transfusion soon fell into disuse4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 successfully practic$ 9 sev]al cases )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 & is a me?od /ill 9 repute = sav+ lives4 ,,coagulation4--,:5 blood is expos$ to ! air1 x coagulates4 ,?is is caus$ by ! solidify+ ( ! fibr91 :i* entangl+ ! disks1 =ms ! clot4 ,! rema9+ cle>1 yell[ liquid is ! s]um4 ,! value ( ?is peculi> prop]ty ( ! blood c h>dly be ov]e/imat$4 ,! coagulation soon *ecks all ord9>y cases ( ble$+4 ,footnote3 ,9 ! case ( ! l[] animals1 :i* h no means ( /opp+ hemorrhages z we h1 ! coagulation is g5]ally /ill m rapid4 ,9 "s species ( birds x takes place almo/ in/antane\sly4 ,:5 a w\nd is made1 & ble$+ comm5ces1 ! fibr9 =ms a tempor>y plug1 z x 71 :i* is absorb$ :5 ! heal+ process is f9i%$4 ,?us we see h[ a ,div9e =esight has provid$ n only = ! ord9>y wants ( ! body1 b also = ! accid5ts to :i* x is liable4 ,footnote3 ,! fibr9 is n an ess5tial +r$i5t ( ! blood4 ,all ! functions ( life are regul>ly p]=m$ 9 p ^: blood lacks fibr92 &1 9 cases ( transfusion1 :]e blood depriv$ ( its fibr9 0 us$1 ! vivify+ influ5ce seem$ to be ! same4 ,its (fice1 !re=e1 mu/ ma9ly be to /an* any hemorrhage :i* may occur4--,,fl9t4 ,,fig4 #cg4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,he>t4 ,a1 ! "r v5tricle2 ,b1 ! left v5tricle2 ,c1 ! "r auricle2 ,d1 ! left auricle4 ,,! ,,he>t is ! eng9e :i* propels ! blood4 ,x is a holl[1 pe>- %ap$ muscle1 ab\t ! size ( ! fi/4 ,x hangs1 po9t d[nw>d1 j to ! left ( ! c5t] ( ! *e/4 7,see ,fig4 #ca47 ,x is inclos$ 9 a loose sac ( s]\s membrane1 ,footnote3 ,! muc\s membrane l9es ! op5 cavities ( ! body2 ! s]\s1 ! clos$4 ,! p]ic>dium is a sac compos$ ( two lay]s--a fibr\s membrane on ! outside1 & a s]\s "o on ! inside4 ,! latt] cov]s ! ext]nal surface ( ! he>t1 & is reflect$ back ^u itself 9 ord] to =m1 l all ! membranes ( ?is nature1 a sac )\t an op5+4 ,! he>t is ?us cov]$ by ! p]ic>dial sac1 b n conta9$ inside its cavity4 ,a correct idea may be =m$ ( ! disposition ( ! p]ic>dium ar\nd ! he>t by recall+ a v common & v conv5i5t1 ?\gh n[ disc>d$ headdress1 ! cotton nightcap4 ,! p]ic>dium incloses ! he>t exactly z ?is cap cov]$ ! heads ( our =efa!rs4-- ,wond]s ( ! ,human ,body4 call$ ! p]ic>dium 7p]i1 ab\t2 & k>dia1 ! he>t74 ,?is secretes a lubricat+ fluid1 & is smoo? z sat94 ,,! ,,movem5ts ,,( ,,! ,,he>t consi/ ( an alt]nate contraction & expansion4 ,! =m] is call$ ! sys'-to-le1 & ! latt] ! di-z'-to-le4 ,dur+ ! dia/ole1 ! blood fl[s into ! he>t1 to be expell$ by ! sy/ole4 ,! alt]nation ( ^! movem5ts con/itutes ! beat+ ( ! he>t :i* we he> s di/9ctly betwe5 ! fif? & six? ribs4 ,footnote3 ,two s\nds are he>d if we put our e> ov] ! he>t1--! fir/ & long] z ! blood is lead+ ! organ1 ! second z x falls into ! pockets ( ! two art]ies1 & ! valves !n /rik+ toge!r cause x4 ,! fir/ s\nd is ma9ly ! noise made by ! muscul> tissue4 ,dur+ ! fir/1 ! two v5tricles contract2 dur+ ! second ! two auricles d s4 ,! h& may feel ! he>t /rik+ ! ribs z x contracts1--a feel+ call$ ! impulse1 or1 if quick] & /rong] ?an usual1 palpitation4 ,?is is n always a sign ( disease1 b 9 hypo*ondriacs is (t5 an effect ( ! m9d on ! n]ves ( ! he>t4--,,mapo!r ,,fig4 #ch4 ,illu/ration3 ,*amb]s ( ! ,he>t ,a1 "r v5tricle2 ,b1 left v5tricle1 ,c1 "r auricle1 ,d1 left auricle1 ,e1 tricuspid valve1 ,f1 bicuspid valve2 ,g1 semilun> valves1 ,h1 valve ( ! aorta2 ,i1 inf]ior v5a cava1 ,k1 sup]ior v5a cava1 ,l1 ,l1 pulmon>y ve9s4 ,,! ,,auricles ,,& ,,v5tricles--,! he>t is divid$ into f\r *amb]s4 ,9 an adult1 ea* holds ab\t a w9eglassful4 ,! upp] ones1 f app5dages on ! outside resembl+ ! e>s ( a dog1 are call$ auricles 7aures1 e>s74 are t]m$ v5tricles4 ,! auricle & v5tricle on ea* side communicate ) ea* o!r1 b ! "r & left halves ( ! he>t are entirely di/9ct1 & p]=m diff]5t (fices4 ,! left side propels ! r$ blood2 & ! "r1 ! d>k4 ,! auricles are m]ely res]voirs to receive ! blood 7! left auricle1 z x filt]s 9 bright & pure f ! lungs2 ! "r1 z x returns d>k & f\l f ! t\r ( ! body71 & to furni% x to ! v5tricles z !y ne$4 ,_! "w be+ s light1 _! walls are comp>atively ?9 & weak4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! v5tricles =ce ! blood 7! left1 to all p>ts ( ! body2 ! "r1 to ! lungs71 & are1 !re=e1 made v /rong4 ,z ! left v5tricle drives ! blood s mu* f>!r ?an ! "r1 x is correspond+ly ?ick] & /rong]4 ,,ne$ ,,( ,,valves ,,9 ,,! ,,he>t4--,z ! auricles d n ne$ to contract ) mu* =ce simply to empty _! cont5ts into ! v5tricles bel[ !m1 !re is no dem& = any special contrivance to prev5t ! blood f sett+ back ! wrong way4 ,inde$1 x w\ld naturally run d[n into ! v5tricle1 :i* is at t mom5t op5 to receive x4 ,b1 :5 ! /rong v5tricles contract1 especially ! left "o1 :i* mu/ drive ! blood to ! extremities1 "s arrangem5t is necess>y to prev5t x f return+ into ! auricle4 ,besides1 :5 !y exp&1 ! suction p[] w\ld t5d to draw back aga9 f ! art]ies all ! blood j =c$ out4 ,?is difficulty is obviat$ by means ( little doors1 or valves1 :i* w n let x g ! wrong way4 ,footnote3 ,! he>t ( an ox or a %eep may be us$ to %[ ! *amb]s & valves4 ,! aorta %\ld be cut z f> z possible f ! he>t1 & !n by pump+ 9 wat] ! p]fection ( ^! valves w be f9ely exhibit$4 ,cutt+ ! he>t across ne> ! middle w %[ ! great] ?ickness ( ! left v5tricle4 ,,! ,,tricuspid ,,& ,,bicuspid ,,valves4--,at ! op5+ into ! "r v5tricle1 is a valve consi/+ ( ?ree folds or flaps ( membrane1 :5ce x is call$ ! tricuspid valve 7tri1 ?ree2 & cuspides1 po9ts71 & 9 ! left v5tricle1 "o conta9+ two flaps1 & nam$ ! bicuspid valve4 ,^! hang s loosely z to oppose no resi/ance to ! passage ( ! blood into ! v5tricles2 b1 if any attempts to g ! o!r way1 x gets betwe5 ! flaps & ! walls ( ! he>t1 &1 driv+ !m outw>d1 closes ! orifice4 ,,fig4 #ci4 ,illu/ration3 ,diagram %[+ ! peculi> ,fibr\s ,/ructure ( ! ,he>t & ! ,%ape ( ! ,valves4 ,a1 tricuspid valve1 ,b1 bicuspid valve2 ,c1 semilun> valves ( ! aorta2 ,d1 semilun> valves ( ! pulmon>y art]y4 ,,^! ,,flaps ,,are ,,/r5g!n$ l sails by sl5d] cords1 :i* prev5t _! be+ press$ back ?r\gh ! op5+4 ,if ! cords 7 atta*$ directly to ! walls ( ! he>t1 !y w\ld be loos5$ 9 ! sy/ole1 & s become useless :5 mo/ ne$$4 ,!y are1 !re=e1 fa/5$ to little muscul> pill>s project+ f ! sides ( ! v5tricle2 :5 t contracts1 ! pill>s contract also1 & ?us ! cords are held tight4 ,,! ,,semilun> ,,valves4--,9 ! passages outw>d f ! v5tricles1 are valves1 call$ f _! peculi> half-moon %ape semilun> valves 7semi1 half2 ,luna1 ,moon74 ,ea* consi/s ( ?ree little pocket-%ap$ folds ( membrane1 ) _! op5+s 9 ! direction :i* ! blood is to take4 ,:5 x sets back1 !y fill1 &1 swell+ out1 close ! passage 7,fig4 #dj74 ,,! ,,art]ies ,footnote3 ,a]1 air2 & t]eo1 ,i conta9--s nam$ because aft] dea? !y conta9 air only1 & h5ce ! anci5ts suppos$ !m to be air tubes lead+ ?r\gh ! body4 are ! tube-l canals :i* convey ! blood f ! he>t4 ,!y c>ry ! r$ blood 7see note1 p4 #aai74 ,!y are compos$ ( an ela/ic tissue1 :i* yields at e ?rob ( ! he>t1 & !n sl[ly contract+ aga91 keeps up ! motion ( ! blood until ! next sy/ole4 ,! ela/icity ( ! art]ies acts l ! air *amb] ( a fire eng9e1 :i* conv]ts ! int]mitt5t j]ks ( ! brakes or pump into ! /eady /ream ( ! hose nozzle4 ,! art]ies sometimes communicate by means ( bran*es or by me%es ( loops1 s t if ! blood be block$ 9 "o1 x c pass r\nd ?r\gh ano!r1 & s get by ! ob/acle4 ,footnote3 ,?is occurs especially ab\t ! jo9ts1 :]e x s]ves to ma9ta9 ! circulation dur+ ! b5d+ ( a limb1 or :5 ! ma9 art]y is ob/ruct$ by disease or injury1 or has be5 ti$ by ! surgeon4 ,9 ! la/ case1 ! small adjac5t art]ies gradually enl>ge1 & =m :at is call$ a collat]al circulation4 ,:5 an art]y p5etrates a muscle1 x is (t5 protect$ by a %ea? or by fibr\s r+s1 :i* prev5t its be+ pull$ out ( place or compress$ by ! play ( ! muscles4 ,! art]ies are g5]ally locat$ z f> z possible b5ea? ! surface1 out ( h>m's way1 & h5ce are f\nd closely hugg+ ! bones or creep+ ?r\gh safe passages provid$ = !m4 ,!y are g5]ally ne>ly /raight1 & take ! %orte/ r\tes to ! p>ts :i* !y are to supply ) blood4 ,,! ,,art]ial ,,sy/em />ts f ! left v5tricle by a s+le trunk--! aorta--:i*1 aft] giv+ (f bran*es to ! head1 sweeps back ( ! *e/ ) a bold curve--! ar* ( ! aorta 7c1 ,fig4 #cd7--;& !nce runs d[nw>d 7f71 divid+ & subdivid+1 l a tree1 into numb]less bran*es1 :i*1 at la/1 p5etrate e nook & corn] ( ! body4 ,,! ,,pulse4--,at ! wri/ 7k1 radial art]y7 & on ! temple 7temporal art]y7 we c feel ! expansion ( ! art]y by ea* little wave ( blood set 9 motion by ! contraction ( ! he>t4 ,9 heal?1 !re are ab\t sev5ty-two ,footnote3 ,?is numb] v>ies mu* ) age1 sex1 & individuals4 ,napoleon's pulse is said to h be5 only =ty1 :ile x is n infrequ5t to f9d a heal?y pulse at "o hundr$ or ov]4 ,9 g5]al1 ! pulse is quick] 9 *ildr5 & 9 old p ?an 9 ! middle-ag$2 9 %ort p]sons ?an 9 tall2 9 wom5 ?an 9 m54 ,%ame makes ! he>t s5d m blood to ! blu%+ *eek1 & fe> almo/ /ops x4 ,! w c n *eck ! he>t4 ,!re is said1 h[ev]1 to h be5 a notable exception to ?is 9 ! case ( "o ,colonel ,t[ns5d1 ( ,dubl91 :o1 aft] hav+ succe$$ sev]al times 9 /opp+ ! pulsation1 at la/ lo/ 8 life 9 ! act4 pulsations p] m9ute4 ,!y increase ) excitem5t or inflammation1 weak5 ) loss ( vigor1 & are modifi$ by ne>ly e disease4 ,! physician1 !re=e1 f9ds ! pulse a good index ( ! /ate ( ! sy/em & ! "* ( ! disord]4 7,see p4 #cad47 ,,! ,,ve9s are ! tube-l canals :i* convey ! blood to ! he>t4 ,footnote3 ,!re is "o exception to ! g5]al c\rse ( ! ve9s4 ,! portal ve9 c>ries ! blood f ! dige/ive organs to ! liv]1 :]e x is act$ ^u1 !nce p\r$ into ! asc5d+ v5a cava1 & goes back to ! he>t4 ,!y c>ry ! d>k or v5\s blood 7note1 p4 #aai74 ,z !y d n receive ! direct impulse ( ! he>t1 _! walls are made mu* ?9n] & less ela/ic ?an ^? ( ! art]ies4 ,at fir/ small1 !y increase 9 size & dim9i% 9 numb] z !y gradually p\r into "o ano!r1 l t9y rills collect+ to =m two riv]s1 ! v5a cava asc5d+ & ! v5a cava desc5d+ 7l1 m1 ,fig4 #cd71 :i* empty into ! "r auricle4 ,"s ( ! ve9s creep along "u ! sk91 :]e !y c be se51 z 9 ! back ( ! h&2 :ile o!rs accompany ! art]ies1 "s ( :i* h two or m ( ^! companions4 ,,valves simil> 9 con/ruction to ^? already describ$ 7! semilun> valves ( ! he>t1 page #aad7 are plac$ at conv5i5t int]vals1 9 ord] to guide ! blood 9 its c\rse1 & prev5t its sett+ backw>d4 ,footnote3 ,too mu* /&+1 or tight ela/ics1 (t5 cause ! ve9s 9 ! leg to swell1 s t ! valves c n "w2 ! ve9s !n become v>icose1 or p]man5tly enl>g$1 &1 if !y bur/1 ! ble$+ may be pr(use & ev5 dang]\s4 ,rais+ ! leg & press+ ! f+] on ! ble$+ spot w /ay x4 ,walk+ does n enc\rage ?is disease1 = ! active muscles =ce on ! v5\s blood4 ,cl]ks :o are subject to v>icose ve9s %\ld h seats beh9d ! c\nt]s :]e !y may re/ :5 n actually employ$4 ,a deep brea? helps ! fl[ 9 ! ve9s1 & a w\nd may suck 9 air ) fatal effect4 ,a maim$ horse is mo/ m]cifully kill$ by bl[+ a bubble ( air into ! ve9s ( 8 neck4 ,z ! deep-sea pressure w\ld bur/ valves1 ! :ale has none2 h5ce a small w\nd by ! h>poon causes him to ble$ to dea?4-- ,,mapo!r4 ,we c easily exam9e ! work+ ( ^! valves4 ,on b>+ ! arm1 blue ve9s may be se5 runn+ along ! arm t[>d ! h&4 ,_! diamet] is tol]ably ev51 & !y gradually decrease 9 size4 ,if n[ ! f+] be press$ on ! upp] "p ( "o ( ^! ve9s1 & !n pass$ d[nw>d s z to drive its blood backw>d1 swell+s l little knots w make _! appe>ance4 ,ea* ( ^! m>ks ! location ( a valve1 :i* is clos$ by ! blood we pu% be=e our f+]4 ,remove ! pressure1 & ! valve w sw+ op51 ! blood set =w>d1 & ! ve9 collapse to its =m] size4 ,,fig4 #dj4 ,illu/ration3 ,valves ( ! ,ve9s4 ,,! ,,capill>ies 7capillus1 a hair7 =m a f9e network ( tubes1 connect+ ! ends ( ! art]ies ) ! ve9s4 ,!y bl5d1 h[ev]1 ) ! extremities ( ^! two sy/ems1 s t x is n easy to tell j :]e an art]y ends & a ve9 beg9s4 ,s closely are !y plac$1 t we c n prick ! fle% ) a ne$le )\t injur+1 p]haps1 hundr$s ( !m4 ,! air cells ( ! blood deposit !re _! oxyg51 & receive c>bonic acid1 :ile 9 ! delicate capill>ies ( ! lungs ,footnote3 ,! capill>y tubes are !re s f9e t ! disks ( ! blood h to g "o by "o1 & are sadly squeez$ at t4 ,h[ev]1 _! ela/icity enables !m to resume _! old %ape z soon z !y h escap$ f ?is labyr9?4 !y give up _! load ( c>bonic acid 9 ex*ange = oxyg54 ,,fig4 #da4 ,illu/ration3 ,circulation ( ! ,blood 9 ! ,web ( a ,frog's ,foot1 highly magnifi$4 ,a1 an art]y2 ,b1 capill>ies cr[d$ ) disks1 ow+ to a rupture j above1 :]e ! disks are jamm$ into an adjac5t me%2 ,c1 a deep] ve92 ! black spots are pigm5t cells4 ,if1 by means ( a microscope1 we exam9e ! transp>5t web ( a frog's foot1 we c trace ! r\te ( ! blood4 ,footnote3 ,) small spl9ts & tw9e1 a frog's foot c be easily /ret*$ & ti$ s t ! transp>5t web c be plac$ on ! table ( ! microscope4 ,x is an exp]im5t ( wond]ful int]e/4 ,! crimson /ream1 propell$ by ! he>t1 ru%es ?r\gh ! art]ies1 until x rea*es ! intricate me%es ( ! capill>ies4 ,"h x breaks into a ?\s& t9y rills4 ,we c see ! disks w9d+ 9 s+le file ?r\gh ! devi\s passages1 d>t+ hi!r & ?i!r1 n[ paus+1 sway+ to & fro ) an unc]ta9 motion1 & anon da%+ ahead1 until1 at la/1 ga!r$ 9 ! ve9s1 ! blood sets /eadily back on its return to ! he>t4 ,,! ,,circulation ,footnote3 ,! circulation ( ! blood 0 discov]$ by ,h>vey 9 #afai4 ,= sev]al ye>s1 he did n d>e to publi% 8 belief4 ,:5 x became kn[n1 he 0 bitt]ly p]secut$1 & 8 practice z a physician greatly decreas$ 9 consequ5ce4 ,he liv$1 h[ev]1 to see 8 !ory univ]sally adopt$1 & 8 "n honor$4 ,h>vey is said to h decl>$ t no man ov] =ty ye>s ( age accept$ 8 views4 consi/s ( two p>ts--! less]1 & ! great]4 ,,fig4 #db4 ,illu/ration3 ,diagram illu/rat+ ! ,circulation ( ! ,blood4-- ,,m>%all4 ,a1 v5a cava desc5d+ 7sup]ior72 ,z1 v5a cava asc5d+ 7inf]ior72 ,c1 "r auricle2 ,d1 "r v5tricle2 ,e1 pulmon>y art]y2 ,f ,p1 lungs & pulmon>y ve9s2 ,g1 left auricle2 ,h1 left v5tricle2 ,i1 ,k1 aorta4 #a4 ,! ,less] ,circulation4--,! d>k blood f ! ve9s collects 9 ! "r auricle1 &1 go+ ?r\gh ! tricuspid valve1 empties into ! "r v5tricle4 ,!nce x is driv5 pa/ ! semilun> valves1 ?r\gh ! pulmon>y art]y1 to ! lungs4 ,aft] circulat+ ?r\gh ! f9e capill>ies ( ! air cells conta9$ 9 ! lungs1 x is return$1 bright & r$1 ?r\gh ! f\r pulmon>y ve9s1 ,footnote3 ,x is noticeable t ! pulmon>y set ( ve9s circulates r$ blood1 & ! pulmon>y set ( art]ies circulates d>k blood4 ,bo? are connect$ ) ! lungs4 to ! left auricle4 #b4 ,! ,great] ,circulation4--,f ! left auricle1 ! blood is =c$ pa/ ! bicuspid valve to ! left v5tricle2 !nce x is driv5 ?r\gh ! semilun> valves into ! great aorta1 ! ma9 trunk ( ! art]ial sy/em4 ,pass+ ?r\gh ! art]ies1 capill>ies1 & ve9s1 x returns ?r\gh ! v5 cav1 asc5d+ & desc5d+1 ga!rs aga9 9 ! "r auricle1 & s completes ! gr& r\nd ( ! body4 ,bo? ^! circulations are go+ on con/antly1 z ! two auricles contract1 & ! two v5tricles exp& simultane\sly1 & vice v]sa4 ,,! ,,velocity ,,( ,,! ,,blood v>ies s mu* 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! body1 & is influ5c$ by s _m circum/ances1 t x c n be calculat$ ) any degree ( accuracy4 ,x has be5 e/imat$ t a portion ( ! blood w make ! t\r ( ! body 9 ab\t tw5ty-?ree seconds 7,,fl9t71 & t ! entire mass passes ?r\gh ! he>t 9 f "o to two m9utes4 ,footnote3 ,! total am\nt ( blood 9 an adult ( av]age weight is ab\t eighte5 p\nds4 ,divid+ ?is by five ounces1 ! quantity dis*>g$ by ! left v5tricle at ea* sy/ole1 gives fifty- eight pulsations z ! numb] necess>y to transmit all ! blood 9 ! body4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is an extremely unreliable basis ( calculation1 z ! rapidity ( ! blood is itself s v>iable4 ,*auvreau has %[n by exp]im5ts ) 8 in/rum5t t1 correspond+ to ! fir/ dilation ( ! vessels1 ! blood moves ) imm5se rapidity2 foll[+ ?is1 ! curr5t sudd5ly becomes ne>ly arre/$2 ?is is succe$$ by a second accel]ation 9 ! curr5t1 n q s rapid z ! fir/2 & aft] ?is !re is a gradual decl9e 9 ! rapidity to ! "t ( ! next pulsation4 7,see p4 #cad47 ,,di/ribution ,,& ,,regulation ,,( ,,! ,,heat ,,( ,,! ,,body4--#a4 ,di/ribution4--,! natural temp]ature is n f> f #ih4 ,footnote3 ,! av]age temp]ature is1 h[ev]1 easily dep>t$ f4 ,?r\gh "s trivial cause ! cool+ ag5cies may be int]f]$ )1 & !n1 ! heat+ processes gett+ ! sup]iority1 a high temp]ature or fev] comes on4 ,or ! rev]se may ensue4 ,9 ,asiatic *ol]a1 ! con/itution ( ! blood is s *ang$ t its disks c no long] c>ry oxyg5 into ! sy/em1 ! heat-mak+ processes are put a /op to1 &1 ! temp]ature decl9+1 ! body becomes ( a m>ble coldness1 *>act]i/ic ( t t]rible disease4--,,drap]4 ,?is is ma9ta9$1 z we h already se51 by ! action ( ! oxyg5 )9 u4 ,ea* capill>y tube is a t9y /ove1 :]e oxyg5 is comb9+ ) ! tissues ( ! body 7see note1 p4 #ajg74 ,e contraction ( a muscle develops heat1 ! lat5t heat be+ set free by ! break+ up ( ! tissue4 ,! w>m? s produc$ is di/ribut$ by ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,?us ! art]ies1 ve9s1 & capill>ies =m a s]ies ( hot- wat] pipes1 ?r\gh :i* ! heat$ liquid is =c$ by a pump--! he>t--:ile ! heat is kept up1 n by a c5tral furnace & boil]1 b by a multitude ( little fires plac$ "h & !re along its c\rse4 #b4 ,regulation4--,! temp]ature ( ! body is regulat$ by means ( ! pores ( ! sk9 & ! muc\s membrane 9 ! air passages4 ,:5 ! sy/em becomes too w>m1 ! blood vessels on ! surface exp&1 ! blood fills !m1 ! fluid exudes into ! p]spiratory gl&s1 p\rs out ^u ! ext]ior1 & by evaporation cools ! body4 ,footnote3 ,j z wat] spr9kl$ on ! floor cools a room4--,popul> ,physics1 p4 #bee4 ,:5 ! temp]ature ( ! body is too l[1 ! vessels contract1 less blood goes to ! surface1 ! p]spiration decreases1 & ! loss ( heat by evaporation dim9i%es4 ,footnote3 ,?us "o is enabl$ to g into an ov5 :]e bread is bak+1 or into ! arctic regions :]e ! m\nta9s are sn[ & ! riv]s ice4 ,ev5 by ^! extremes ! temp]ature ( ! blood w be b slightly affect$4 ,9 ! "o case1 ! flood gates ( p]spiration w be op5$ & ! sup]flu\s heat exp5d$ 9 turn+ ! wat] to vapor2 &1 9 ! o!r1 !y w be tightly clos$ & all ! heat reta9$4 ,,life ,,by ,,dea?4--,! body is be+ incessantly corrod$1 & portions borne away by ! tireless oxyg54 ,! scales ( ! epid]mis are con/antly fall+ (f & be+ replac$ by secretion f ! cutis4 ,! disks ( ! blood die1 & new ones spr+ into be+4 ,on ! cont9uance ( ?is int]*ange dep5d our heal? & vigor4 ,e act is a de/ructive "o4 ,n a b5d ( ! f+]1 n a w9k ( ! eye1 n a ?\ght ( ! bra9 b is at "s exp5se ( ! ma*9e itself4 ,e process ( life is ?us a process ( dea?4 ,! m rapidly ?is *ange goes on1 & fre%1 vigor\s tissue takes ! place ( ! old1 ! m ela/icity & /r5g? we possess4 ,,*ange ,,( ,,our ,,bodies4--,!re is a belief t our bodies *ange once 9 sev5 ye>s4 ,f ! nature ( ! case1 ! rate mu/ v>y ) ! labor we p]=m2 ! organs mo/ us$ alt]+ (t5e/4 ,probably ! p>ts ( ! body 9 incessant employm5t are entirely reorganiz$ _m times )9 a s+le ye>4 ,footnote3 ,to use a homely simile1 our bodies are l ! ,iri%man's knife1 :i*1 aft] hav+ _h sev]al new blades1 & at lea/ "o new h&le1 0 yet ! same old knife4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,vital ,,organs4--,dea? is produc$ by ! /oppage ( ! action ( any "o ( ! ?ree organs--! he>t1 ! lungs1 or ! bra94 ,!y h1 !re=e1 be5 t]m$ ! ,tripod ( ,life4 ,really1 h[ev]1 z ,huxley has rem>k$1 ,life has b two legs to /& ^u4 ,if respiration & circulation be kept up artificially1 ! removal ( ! bra9 w n produce dea?4 ,footnote3 ,:5 dea? really does take place1 i4 e41 :5 ! vital organs are /opp$1 x is noticeable t ! tissues d n die = "s "t !reaft]4 ,if suitable /imulants be appli$1 z ! galvanic batt]y1 transfusion ( blood1 etc41 ! muscles may be made to contract1 & _m ( ! ph5om5a ( life be exhibit$4 ,dr4 ,br[n- ,sequ>d ?us produc$ muscul> action 9 ! h& ( a crim9al1 f\rte5 h\rs aft] 8 execution4 ,,wond]s ,,( ,,! ,,he>t4--,! anci5ts ?\ght ! he>t to be ! seat ( love4 ,!re 7 locat$ ! purity & goodness z well z ! evil passions ( ! s\l4 ,footnote3 ,our common words1 he>ty1 l>ge-he>t$1 c\rage 7cor1 ! he>t71 are rema9s ( ?is fanciful !ory4 ,mod]n sci5ce has f\nd ! seat ( ! m5tal p[]s to be 9 ! bra94 ,b :ile x has ?us robb$ ! he>t ( its romance1 x has reveal$ wond]s :i* eclipse all ! my/]ies ( ! pa/4 ,?is m>vel\s little eng9e ?robs on cont9ually at ! rate ( "o hundr$ ?\s& beats p] day1 =ty millions p] ye>1 (t5 ?ree billions )\t a s+le /op4 ,x is ! mo/ p[]ful ( ma*9es4 ,its daily "w is equal to "o ?ird t ( all ! muscles4 ,if x %\ld exp5d its entire =ce 9 lift+ its own weight v]tically1 x w\ld rise tw5ty ?\s& feet 9 an h\r4 ,footnote3 ,! greate/ exploit ev] accompli%$ by a locomotive1 0 to lift itself ?r\gh less ?an "o eigh? ( t di/ance4 ,va/ & con/ant z is ?is process1 s p]fect is ! ma*9]y1 t !re are p]sons :o d n ev5 "k :]e ! he>t lies until disease or accid5t reveals its location4 ,its vitality is amaz+4 ,! mo/ tireless ( organs :ile life exi/s1 x is "o ( ! la/ to yield :5 life expires4 ,s long z a flutt] l+]s at ! he>t1 we "k ! sp>k ( be+ is n q ext+ui%$1 & !re is hope ( re/oration4 ,dur+ a life su* z we sometimes see1 x has propell$ half a million tons ( blood1 yet repair$ itself z x has wa/$1 dur+ its pati5t1 unfalt]+ labor4 ,! play ( its valves & ! rhy?m ( its ?rob h nev] fail$ until1 at ! comm& ( ! great ,ma/] ,workman1 ! :eels ( life h /ood /ill4 ,footnote3 ,our bra9s are sev5ty-five- ye> clocks4 ,! ,angel ( ,life w9ds !m up once = all1 !n closes ! case1 & gives ! key into ! h& ( ! ,angel ( ! ,resurrection4 ,ticktack6 ,ticktack6 g ! :eels ( ?\ght2 our w c n /op !m1 !y c n /op !mselves2 sleep c n /op !m2 madness only makes !m g fa/]2 dea? alone c break into ! case1 &1 seiz+ ! ev]-sw++ p5dulum :i* we call ! he>t1 sil5ce at la/ ! click+ ( ! t]rible escapem5t we h c>ri$ s long b5ea? our wr9kl$ =eheads4--,,holmes4 ,,fig4 #dc4 ,illu/ration3 ,lymphatics ( ! ,head & ,neck1 %[+ ! ,gl&s1 &1 ,b1 ! ?oracic duct z x empties into ! left innom9ate ve9 at ! junction ( ! left jugul> & subclavian ve9s4 ,,! ,,lymphatic ,,circulation is intimately connect$ ) t ( ! blood4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 m delicate 9 its organization1 & less ?or\ghly und]/ood4 ,ne>ly e "p ( ! body is p]meat$ by a second s]ies ( capill>ies1 closely int]lac$ ) ! blood capill>ies already describ$1 & t]m$ ! ,lymphatic sy/em4 ,! l>g] numb] conv]ge into ! ?oracic duct--a small tube1 ab\t ! size ( a goose quill1 :i* empties into ! great ve9s ( ! neck 7,fig4 #dc74 ,along _! c\rse ! lymphatics frequ5tly pass ?r\gh gl&s1--h>d1 p9ki% bodies ( all sizes1 f t ( a hemp se$ to an almond4 ,^! gl&s are (t5 enl>g$ by disease1 & !n are easily felt4 ,! ,lymph1 :i* circulates ?r\gh ! lymphatics l blood ?r\gh ! ve9s1 is a ?91 colorless liquid1 v l ! s]um4 ,?is fluid1 probably 9 great measure an ov]fl[ f ! blood vessels1 is ga!r$ up by ! lymphatics1 und]goes 9 ! gl&s "s process ( prep>ation n well und]/ood1 & is !n return$ to ! circulation4 ,,fig4 #dd4 ,illu/ration3 ,lymphatics 9 ! ,leg1 ) ,gl&s at ! ,hip4 ,,(fice ,,( ,,! ,,lymphatics4--,x is ?\ght t portions ( ! wa/e matt] ( ! body capable ( fur!r use are ?us1 by a wise economy1 reta9$ & elaborat$ 9 ! sy/em4 ,! lacteals1 a class ( lymphatics :i* w be describ$ "u ,dige/ion 7p4 #aff71 aid 9 tak+ up ! food2 aft] a meal !y become milk :ite4 ,9 ! lungs1 ! lymphatics are abundant2 sometimes absorb+ ! poison ( disease1 & diffus+ x ?r\gh ! sy/em4 ,footnote3 ,p]sons h ?us be5 poison$ by t9y p>ticles ( ars5ic :i* evaporate f gre5 wall pap]1 & float 9 ! air4 ,! lymphatics ( ! sk9 we h already spok5 ( z produc+ ! ph5om5a ( absorption1 ,footnote3 ,pa9 is (t5 reliev$ by inject+ "u ! cuticle a solution ( morph9e1 :i* is tak5 up by ! absorb5ts1 & s c>ri$ ?r\gh ! sy/em4 ,nature 9 h] ef=t to heal a cut deposits an excess ( matt] to fill up ! brea*4 ,soon1 ! lymphatics g to "w & remove ! surplus mat]ial to o!r p>ts ( ! body4 ,animals t hib]nate are support$ dur+ ! w9t] by ! fat :i* _! absorb5ts c>ry into ! circulation f ! extra supply !y h laid up dur+ ! summ]4 ,9 fam9e or 9 sickness1 a man unconsci\sly consumes 8 own fle%4 ,,diseases1 ,,etc4--l4 ,conge/ion is an unnatural accumulation ( blood 9 any "p ( ! body4 ,! excess is indicat$ by ! r$ness4 ,if we put our feet 9 hot wat]1 ! capill>ies w exp& by ! heat1 & ! blood w set t way to fill !m4 ,! r$ nose & purpli% face ( ! drunk>d %[ a conge/ion ( ! capill>ies4 ,^? vessels h lo/ _! p[] ( contraction1 & s are p]man5tly increas$ 9 size & fill$ ) blood4 ,blu%+ is a tempor>y conge/ion4 ,! capill>ies be+ exp&$ only = an in/ant by ! n]v\s excitem5t1 contract aga9 & expel ! blood4 ,footnote3 ,blu%+ is a purely local modification ( ! circulation ( ?is k9d1 & x w be in/ructive to consid] h[ a blu% is br\ght ab\t4 ,an emotion--sometimes pleasurable1 sometimes pa9ful--takes possession ( ! m9d2 !reupon a hot flu% is felt1 ! sk9 gr[s r$1 & accord+ to ! int5sity ( ! emotion ^! *anges are conf9$ to ! *eeks only1 or ext5d to ! roots ( ! hair1 or all ov]4 ,:at is ! cause ( ^! *anges8 ,! blood is a r$ & a hot fluid2 ! sk9 r$d5s & gr[s hot1 because its vessels conta9 an increas$ quantity ( ?is r$ & hot fluid2 & its vessels conta9 m1 because ! small art]ies sudd5ly dilate1 ! natural mod]ate contraction ( _! muscles be+ sup]s$$ by a /ate ( relaxation4 ,9 o!r words1 ! action ( ! n]ves :i* cause ?is muscul> contraction is susp5d$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 _m p1 extreme t]ror causes ! sk9 to gr[ cold1 & ! face to appe> pale & p9*$4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 9 fact1 ! supply ( blood to ! sk9 is greatly dim9i%$1 9 consequ5ce ( an excessive /imulation ( ! n]ves ( ! small art]ies1 :i* causes !m to contract & s to cut (f ! supply ( blood m or less completely4-- ,huxley's ,physiology4 #b4 ,inflammation means simply a burn+4 ,if !re is irritation or an injury at any spot1 ! blood sets ?i!r & r$d5s x4 ,?is extra supply1 bo? by its pres5ce & ! friction ( ! swiftly mov+ curr5ts1 produces heat4 ,! pressure ( ! di/5d$ vessels ^u ! n]ves frets !m1 & produces pa94 ,! swell+ /ret*es ! walls ( ! blood vessels1 & ! s]um or lymph oozes ?r\gh4 ,! f\r *>act]i/ics ( an inflammation are r$ness1 heat1 pa91 & swell+4 #c4 ,ble$+1 if f an art]y1 w be ( r$ blood1 & w come 9 jets2 ,footnote3 ,! ela/icity ( ! art]ies 7p4 #aad7 is a physical prop]ty1 z may easily be %[n by remov+ "o f a dead body4 ,if !y 7 rigid & unyield+1 a consid]able portion ( ! he>t's =ce w\ld be uselessly exp5d$ aga9/ _! walls4 ,_! expansion is a passive /ate1 & dep5ds on ! pressure ( ! blood )9 !m2 b _! vital contractility is an active prop]ty4--,! int]mitt5t movem5t ( ! blood ?r\gh ! art]ies is /rik+ly %[n 9 ! mann] 9 :i* !y ble$ :5 w\nd$4 ,:5 an art]y is cut across1 ! blood spurts out ) great =ce to a di/ance ( sev]al feet1 b ! fl[ is n cont9u\s4 ,x escapes 9 a s]ies ( jets1 ! long1 sl5d] sc>let /ream ris+ & fall+ ) ea* beat ( ! he>t1 & ?is pulsation ( ! blood /ream tells at once t x comes f a w\nd$ art]y4 ,b z ! blood trav]ses ^! ela/ic tubes1 ! abruptness ( ! he>t's /roke becomes gradually brok5 & ! curr5t equaliz$1 s t ! great] ! di/ance f ! he>t ! less obvi\s is ! pulsation1 until at l5g? 9 ! capill>ies ! rate ( ! /ream becomes uni=m4 if f ! ve9s1 x w be ( d>k blood1 & w fl[ 9 a /eady /ream4 ,if only a small vessel be sev]$1 x may be *eck$ by a piece ( clo? held or b\nd firmly ^u ! w\nd4 ,if a l>ge trunk be cut1 especially 9 a limb1 make a knot 9 a h&k]*ief & tie x loosely ab\t ! limb2 !n1 plac+ ! knot on ! limb1 ) a %ort /ick twi/ ! h&k]*ief tightly en\gh to /op ! fl[4 ,if y h a piece ( clo? to use z a pad1 ! knot w be unnecess>y4 ,if x be an art]y t is cut1 ! pressure %\ld be appli$ betwe5 ! w\nd & ! he>t2 if a ve91 beyond ! w\nd4 ,if y are alone1 & are sev]ely w\nd$1 or 9 an em]g5cy1 l a railroad accid5t1 use ! rem$y :i* has sav$ _m a life ^u ! battlefield--b9d or hold a h&ful ( dry e>? ^u ! w\nd1 elevate ! "p1 & await surgical assi/ance4 #d4 ,scr(ula is g5]ally inh]it$4 ,x is a disease affect+ ! lymphatic gl&s1 mo/ commonly ^? ( ! neck1 =m+ k]nels1 z !y are call$4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 liable to attack any organ4 ,p]sons inh]it+ ?is disease c hope to w>d (f its insidi\s approa*es only by ! utmo/ c>e 9 diet & ex]cise2 by ! use ( pure air & w>m clo?+1 & by avoid+ late h\rs & undue /imulus ( all k9ds4 ,probably ! mo/ fatal & common excitants ( ! lat5t se$s ( scr(ula are insuffici5t or improp] food1 & want ( v5tilation4 #e4 ,a ,,cold4--,we put on a ?9n] dress ?an usual1 or1 :5 heat$1 sit 9 a cool place4 ,! sk9 is *ill$1 & ! p]spiration *eck$4 ,! blood1 no long] cleans$ & r$uc$ 9 volume by ! dra9age ?r\gh ! pores1 sets to ! lungs = purification4 ,t organ is oppress$1 brea?+ becomes difficult1 & ! extra mucus secret$ by ! irritat$ surface ( ! membrane is ?r[n (f by c\gh+4 ,! muc\s membrane ( ! nasal *amb] sympa?izes ) ! difficulty1 & we h a cold 9 ! head1 or a cat>rh4 ,9 g5]al1 ! excess ( blood seeks ! weake/ po9t1 & develops !re any lat5t disease ,footnote3 ,a p>ty g out = a walk & are caught 9 a ra91 or1 com+ home heat$ f "s close assembly1 ?r[ (f _! coats to enjoy ! delici\sly cool breeze4 ,! next day1 "o has a fev]1 ano!r a slight heada*e1 ano!r pleurisy1 ano!r pneumonia1 ano!r rheumatism1 :ile "s ( ! numb] escape )\t any ill feel+ :atev]4 ,! la/ _h vital =ce suffici5t to )/& ! di/urbance1 b 9 ! o!rs !re 7 v>i\s weak po9ts1 & to ^! ! excess ( blood has gone1 produc+ conge/ion4 ,:]e "o p]son has be5 kill$ 9 battle1 ?\s&s h di$ ( colds4 ,to re/ore ! equipoise mu/ be ! object ( all treatm5t4 ,we put ! feet 9 hot wat] & !y soon become r$ & gorg$ ) ! blood :i* is ?us call$ f ! conge/$ organs4 ,hot footba?s h sav$ multitudes ( lives4 ,x is well 9 case ( a sudd5 cold to g imm$iately to b$1 & ) hot dr9ks & extra clo?+ op5 ! pores1 & induce free p]spiration4 ,?is calls ! blood to ! surface1 &1 by equaliz+ & dim9i%+ ! volume ( ! circulation1 af=ds relief4 ,footnote3 ,sev]e colds may (t5 be reliev$ 9 _! fir/ /ages by us+ lemons freely dur+ ! day1 & tak+ at night fifte5 or tw5ty gra9s ( sodium bromide4 ,great c>e1 h[ev]1 %\ld be obs]v$ 9 employ+ ! latt] rem$y1 except "u ! advice ( a physician4 #f4 ,cat>rh commonly manife/s itself by ! symptoms kn[n z ^? ( a cold 9 ! head1 & is produc$ by ! same causes4 ,x is an inflammation ( ! muc\s membrane l9+ ! nasal & bron*ial passages4 ,"o go+ out f ! hot dry air ( a furnace-heat$ room into ! cold damp atmosph]e ( our climate c h>dly avoid irritat+ & inflam+ ?is t5d] membrane4 ,if our rooms 7 heat$ less int5sely1 & v5tilat$ m ?or\ghly1 s t we _h n ! pres5t ho?\se s5sitiv5ess to cold air1 ?is disease w\ld be f> less univ]sal1 & p]haps w\ld disappe> entirely4 ,footnote3 ,dr4 ,gray gives ! foll[+ table3 ,rooms ,occupi$ by ,lett]-press ,pr9t]s4 ,numb] ,subject to p] c5t ,cat>rh ,spitt+ ,blood4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #ajd m5 hav+ less ?an #ejj cubic feet ( air to brea! #ab4ej #ab4ej #aae m5 hav+ f #ejj to #fjj cubic feet ( air to brea! #d4ce #c4eh #aja m5 hav+ m ?an #fjj cubic feet ( air to brea! #c4if #a4ih ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- 7,see p4 #cae47 ,,alcoholic ,,dr9ks ,,& ,,n>cotics4 #a4 ,,alcohol4 ,t we may und]/& fully ! effect ( alcohol ^u ! human sy/em1 let u fir/ consid] its nature & ! process by :i* h>mless fruits & gra9s are made to produce a sub/ance s unlike !mselves 9 its delet]i\s effects4 ,,h[ ,,alcohol ,,is ,,made4--,:5 any sub/ance conta9+ sug>1 z fruit juice1 is caus$ to f]m5t1 ! elem5ts ( :i* ! sug> is compos$1 viz41 hydrog51 c>bon1 & oxyg51 s re>range !mselves z to =m c>bon dioxide 7c>bonic acid71 alcohol1 & c]ta9 volatile oils & e!rs4 ,footnote3 ,! precise relation betwe5 *emical ph5om5a & ! physiological functions ( ! organic f]m5t is /ill to be discov]$2 & all t has be5 said1 writt51 & br\ght =w>d to decide ! "q1 ne$ exp]im5tal pro(4--,,s*,,tz5b]g]4 ,! c>bonic acid p>tly evaporates & p>tly rema9s 9 ! liquor2 ! alcohol is ! poison\s or intoxicat+ pr9ciple1 :ile ! oils & e!rs imp>t ! peculi> flavor & odor4 ,?us w9e is f]m5t$ grape juice1 & cid] is f]m5t$ apple juice1 ea* hav+ its di/9ctive ta/e & smell1 & ea* conta9+1 z "o product ( f]m5tation1 m or less ( ! inebriat+ alcohol4 ,w9es are also made f o!r fruits & vegetables1 su* z oranges1 currants1 tomatoes1 & rhub>b1 b ! alcohol :i* !y conta9 is ( ! same nature 9 all cases1 :e!r ! f]m5t$ liquor has be5 manufactur$ 9 great quantities1 by l>ge presses1 or by a simple dome/ic process = home consumption4 ,x is important to rememb] ?is fact1 z _m p d n associate alcohol ) su* bev]ages z dome/ic w9es & home-brew$ ales1 :]eas x is always pres5t ) ! same trea*]\s qualities :i* atta* to x ev]y:]e4 ,an apple is a :olesome & useful fruit1 & its simple juice1 fragrant & refre%+1 is a delight to ! palate2 b apple juice conv]t$ into cid] & all[$ to ent] ^u alcoholic f]m5tation1 loses its innoc5ce1 & becomes a dang]\s dr9k1 because x is ! nature ( ! alcohol x n[ conta9s to create an appetite = m alcohol4 7,see p4 #ahe47 ,,:at ,,is ,a ,,f]m5t8--,f]m5ts1 ( :i* !re are _m v>ieties 9 nature1 are m9ute liv+ organisms analog\s to ! microscopic objects call$ bact]ia or microbes1 ,footnote3 ,!re is no well-def9$ limit betwe5 f]m5ts & bact]ia1 any m ?an betwe5 f]m5ts & fungi1 or aga91 betwe5 fungi & bact]ia4 ,_! small] size is ! pr9cipal diff]5ce :i* sep>ates bact]ia f f]m5ts1 al?\gh !re are bact]ia ( l>ge size1 su* z are s frequ5tly f\nd 9 ! m\? ( ev5 a heal?y man1 & :i* mu* resemble 9 _! mode ( gr[? "s ( ! l[] fungi4--,tr\ess>t4 ( :i* we h he>d mu* 9 late ye>s1 especially 9 connection ) ! fam\s rese>*es & exp]im5ts ( ! great ,fr5* inve/igator1 ,m4 ,pa/eur4 ,he tells u t ,e f]m5tation has its specific f]m5t4 ,?is m9ute be+ produces ! trans=mation :i* con/itutes f]m5tation by brea?+ ! oxyg5 ( ! sub/ance to be f]m5t$1 or by appropriat+ = an in/ant ! :ole sub/ance1 !n de/roy+ x by :at may be t]m$ ! secretion ( ! f]m5t$ products4 ,footnote3 ,:at we call spontane\s f]m5tation (t5 occurs1 z :5 apple juice turns to h>d cid] by simple exposure to ! air4 ,sci5ce tea*es u1 h[ev]1 t ?is *ange is always effect$ by ! action ( ! busy little f]m5ts :i*1 w&]+ ab\t1 drop into ! liquid1 beg9 _! rapid propagation1 &1 9 ! act ( gr[+1 evolve ! products ( ! f]m5tation4 ,if ! above liquids be left only 9 contact ) air :i* has be5 pass$ ?r\gh a r$-hot plat9um tube1 & ?us ! liv+ sporules de/roy$2 or if ! air be simply filt]$ by pass+ ?r\gh cotton wool1 & ! sporules prev5t$ f com+ into ! liquid1 x is f\nd t ^! f]m5table liquids may be pres]v$ = any l5g? ( "t )\t und]go+ ! slighte/ *ange4--,roscoe4 ,! effect1 !re=e1 ( f]m5tation is to *ange entirely ! "* ( ! sub/ance ^u :i* x acts2 h5ce x is an error to assume t f]m5t$ liquors1 z be]1 w9e1 & cid]1 are safe dr9ks because ! gra9s or fruits f :i* !y are produc$ are heal?ful foods4 ,,yea/ is a f]m5t :i* causes alcoholic f]m5tation4 ,x consi/s ( microscopic plants1 :i* increase by ! =mation ( multitudes ( t9y cells n m ?an #a_/bdjj ( an in* 9 diamet]4 ,9 ! brew+ ( be] !y gr[ 9 great abundance1 mak+ common brew]'s yea/4 ,f]m5ts or _! spores float 9 ! air ready to ent] any f]m5table liquid1 & "u favorable conditions !y multiply ) great activity & en]gy4 ,! favorable conditions include ! pres5ce ( oxyg5 or sug>2 ,footnote3 ,yea/1 l ord9>y plants1 buds & multiplies ev5 9 ! abs5ce ( f]m5table sug>1 :5 x is furni%$ ) free oxyg54 ,?is multiplication1 h[ev]1 is favor$ by ! pres5ce ( sug>1 :i* is a m appropriate elem5t ?an non-f]m5table hydroc>bon comp\nds4 ,yea/ is also able to bud & multiply 9 ! abs5ce ( free oxyg51 b 9 ?is case a f]m5table sub/ance is indisp5sable4--,,s*,,tz5b]g]',s ,f]m5tation4 oxyg5 be+1 z we "k1 necess>y = ! developm5t & ! reproduction ( all cell life 7p4 #ajg71 & f]m5ts hav+ ! p[] to resolve sug>1 :i* p5etrates by endosmose into ! int]ior ( ! cell1 into alcohol1 c>bonic acid1 glyc]9e1 succ9ic acid1 & oxyg54 ,,be]4--,! b>ley us$ = mak+ be] is fir/ malt$1 i4 e41 spr\t$1 to turn a "p ( its />* into sug>4 ,:5 ?is process has gone f> en\gh1 x is *eck$ by heat+ ! gra9 9 a kiln until ! g]m is de/roy$4 ,! malt is !n cru%$1 /eep$1 & f]m5t$ ) hops & yea/4 ,! sug> gradually disappe>s1 alcohol is =m$1 & c>bonic acid escapes into ! air4 ,! be] is !n put into casks1 :]e x und]goes a second1 sl[] f]m5tation1 & ! c>bonic acid ga!rs2 :5 ! liquor is drawn1 ?is gas bubbles to ! surface1 giv+ to ! be] its sp>kl+1 foamy look4 ,,w9e is g5]ally made f ! juice ( ! grape4 ,! juice1 or mu/1 z x is call$1 is plac$ 9 vats 9 ! cell>1 :]e ! l[ temp]ature favors a sl[ f]m5tation4 ,if all ! sug> be conv]t$ into alcohol & c>bonic-acid gas1 a dry w9e w rema92 if ! f]m5tation be *eck$1 a sweet w9e w result2 & if ! w9e be bottl$ :ile ! *ange is /ill go+ on1 a brisk eff]vesc+ liquor l *ampagne1 w be =m$4 ,all ^! are dang]\s bev]ages because ( ! alcohol !y conta94 ,,di/illation4--,alcohol is s volatile t1 by ! application ( heat1 x c be driv5 (f z a vapor f ! f]m5t$ liquid 9 :i* x has be5 produc$4 ,/eam & v>i\s fragrant sub/ances w accompany x1 &1 if !y are collect$ & cond5s$ 9 a cool receiv]1 a new & /rong] liquor w be =m$1 hav+ a di/9ctive odor4 ,9 ?is way :iskey is di/ill$ f f]m5t$ corn1 rye1 b>ley1 or potatoes2 ! alcohol ( comm]ce is di/ill$ f :iskey2 br&y1 f w9e2 rum1 f f]m5t$ molasses2 & g91 f f]m5t$ b>ley & rye1 aft]w>d di/ill$ ) junip] b]ries4 ,,v>ieties ,,& ,,prop]ties ,,( ,,alcohol4--,!re are sev]al v>ieties ( alcohol produc$ f di/illation ( v>i\s sub/ances4 ,?us ,me?yl ,alcohol is obta9$ f ! decomposition ( h>d wood :5 expos$ to int5se heat ) little or no oxyg5 pres5t4 ,x is a light1 volatile liquid1 :i* closely resembles ord9>y alcohol 9 all its prop]ties4 ,x is us$ 9 ! manufacture ( anil9e dyes1 9 mak+ v>ni%es1 & = burn+ 9 _s lamps4 ,amyl ,alcohol ,footnote3 ,! odor ( amylic alcohol is sweet1 nause\s1 & heavy4 ,! s5sation ( its pres5ce rema9s long4 ,9 ta/e x is burn+ & acrid1 & x is itself practically insoluble 9 wat]4 ,:5 x is dilut$ ) common alcohol x dissolves freely 9 wat]1 & gives a s(t & r unctu\s flavor1 ,i may call x a fruity flavor1 some?+ l t ( ripe pe>s4 ,amyl alcohol1 introduc$ z an adult]ant1 is an extremely dang]\s addition to ord9>y alcohol1 9 :atev] =m x is pres5t$4 ,f ! quantities ( x import$ into ?is c\ntry1 x is believ$ to be employ$ l>gely 9 ! adult]ation ( w9es & spirits4--,,ri*>dson4 is ! *ief con/itu5t ( fusel oil1 f\nd 9 :iskey di/ill$ f potatoes4 ,x is (t5 pres5t 9 common alcohol1 giv+ a slightly unpleasant odor :5 x evaporates f ! h&4 ,fusel oil is extremely poison\s & la/+ 9 its effects1 s t :5 conta9$ 9 liquors x greatly increases _! de/ructive & intoxicat+ prop]ties4 ,e?yl ,alcohol1 :i* is t :i* we h describ$ z obta9$ f f]m5tation ( fruits & gra9s1 is ! ord9>y alcohol ( comm]ce4 ,we h spok5 ( its volatility4 ,?is prop]ty p]mits x to pass into vapor at #ef ,fahr4 ,x boils at #agc ,fahr4 7,wat] boils at #bab47 ,l ,me?yl ,alcohol1 x burns )\t smoke & ) great heat1 ,footnote3 ,p\r a little alcohol into a sauc] & apply an ignit$ mat*4 ,! liquid w sudd5ly take fire1 burn+ ) int5se heat1 b feeble light4 ,9 ?is process1 alcohol takes up oxyg5 f ! air1 =m+ c>bonic-acid gas1 & wat]4--,hold a r$-hot coil ( plat9um wire 9 a goblet conta9+ a few drops ( alcohol1 & a peculi> odor w be notic$4 ,x d5otes ! =mation ( aldehyde--a sub/ance produc$ 9 ! sl[ oxidation ( alcohol4 ,/ill fur!r oxidiz$1 ! alcohol w\ld be *ang$ into acetic acid--! s\r pr9ciple ( v9eg>4--,put ! :ite ( an egg--ne>ly pure album5--into a cup1 & p\r ^u x "s alcohol1 or ev5 /rong br&y2 ! fluid album5 w coagulate1 becom+ h>d & solid4 ,9 ?is connection1 x is well to rememb] t album5 is conta9$ 9 our food1 :ile ! bra9 is l>gely an album9\s sub/ance4 & is !re=e ( mu* value 9 ! arts4 ,its great solv5t p[] ov] fats & mix$ oils r5d]s x a useful ag5t 9 _m indu/rial op]ations4 ,x is also a p[]ful antiseptic1 & no "o :o visits a museum ( natural hi/ory w be likely to =get ! r[s ( bottles )9 :i* float reptilian & batra*ian specim5s1 pres]v$ 9 alcohol4 ,to alcohol1 also1 we are indebt$ = v>i\s an/hetic ag5ts1 :i*1 :5 n abus$ 7p4 #cdj71 are ( ine/imable value4 ,?us1 if c]ta9 proportions ( alcohol & nitric acid be mix$ toge!r & heat$1 nitrite ( amyl1 s s]viceable 9 reliev+ ! agoniz+ spasms peculi> to t dread disease1 ang9a pectoris1 w be obta9$4 ,if1 in/ead ( nitric1 we use sulphuric acid1 we %all get e!r2 if *lor9e be pass$ ?r\gh alcohol1 hydrate ( *loral is ! result2 &1 if *loride ( lime & alcohol be treat$ toge!r1 ! outcome is *lor(orm4 ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ prop]ties ( alcohol1 & "o :i* we %all h]eaft] consid] 9 its disa/r\s effects ^u ! tissues ( our body1 is its aff9ity = wat]4 ,footnote3 ,suppose1 !n1 a c]ta9 measure ( alcohol be tak5 into ! /oma*1 x w be absorb$ !re1 b1 previ\s to absorption1 x w h to und]go a prop] degree ( dilution ) wat]2 = !re is ?is peculi>ity respect+ alcohol :5 x is sep>at$ by an animal membrane f a wat]y fluid l ! blood1 t x w n pass ?r\gh ! membrane until x has become *>g$1 to a giv5 po9t ( dilution1 ) wat]4 ,alcohol is itself1 9 fact1 s gre$y = wat] t x w pick x up f wat]y textures1 & deprive !m ( x until1 by its saturation1 its p[] ( reception is exhau/$1 aft] :i* x w diffuse into ! curr5t ( circulat+ fluid4 ,to illu/rate ?is fact ( dilution ,i p]=m a simple exp]im5t4 ,into a bladd] is plac$ a mixture consi/+ ( equal p>ts ( alcohol & di/ill$ wat]4 ,into ! neck ( ! bladd] a long glass tube is ins]t$ & firmly ti$4 ,!n ! bladd] is imm]s$ 9 a sal9e fluid repres5t+ an artificial s]um ( blood4 ,! result is1 t ! alcohol 9 ! bladd] absorbs wat] f ! surr\nd+ sal9e solution1 & !reby a column ( fluid passes up into ! glass tube4 ,a second mixture ( alcohol & wat]1 9 ! proportion ?is "t ( "o "p ( alcohol to two ( wat]1 is put into ano!r bladd] imm]s$ 9 l mann] 9 an artificial s]um4 ,9 ?is in/ance a little fluid also passes f ! outside into ! bladd]1 s t !re is a rise ( wat] 9 ! tube1 b less ?an 9 ! previ\s in/ance4 ,a ?ird mixture1 consi/+ ( "o "p ( alcohol ) ?ree p>ts ( wat]1 is plac$ 9 ano!r little bladd]1 & is also susp5d$ 9 ! artificial s]um4 ,9 ?is case !re is1 = a "t1 a small rise ( fluid 9 ! tube connect$ ) ! bladd]2 b aft] a :ile1 ow+ to ! dilution :i* took place1 a curr5t f )9 outw>d sets 91 & ! tube becomes empty4 ,?us ea* bladd] *>g$ orig9ally ) ! same quantity ( fluid conta9s at la/ a diff]5t quantity4 ,! fir/ conta9s m ?an x did orig9ally1 ! second only a little m1 ! ?ird a little less4 ,f ! ?ird1 absorption takes place1 & if ,i keep *ang+ & replac+ ! out] fluid :i* surr\nds ! bladd] ) fre% s]um1 ,i c 9 "t1 ow+ to ! d\ble curr5t ( wat] into ! bladd] ?r\gh its coats1 & ( wat] & alcohol out ( ! bladd] into ! s]um1 remove all ! alcohol4 ,9 ?is way x is remov$ f ! /oma* into ! circulat+ blood aft] x has be5 swall[$4 ,:5 we dilute alcohol ) wat] be=e dr9k+ x1 we quick5 its absorption4 ,if we d n dilute x suffici5tly1 x is dilut$ 9 ! /oma* by transudation ( wat] 9 ! /oma*1 until ! requir$ r$uction = its absorption2 ! curr5t !n sets 9 t[>d ! blood1 & passes into ! circulat+ canals by ! ve9s4--,,ri*>dson4 ,:5 /rong alcohol is expos$ to ! air1 x absorbs moi/ure & becomes dilut$2 at ! same "t1 ! _s itself evaporates4 ,! comm]cial or pro( _s is ab\t "o half wat]2 ! /ronge/ holds five p] c5t2 & to obta9 absolute or wat]less alcohol1 requires c>eful di/illation 9 connection ) "s sub/ance1 z lime1 t has a /ill great] aff9ity = wat]1 & s c despoil ! alcohol4 ,,alcohol ,,9 ,,its ,,de/ructive ,,relation ,,to ,,plant ,,& ,,animal ,,life4--,if we p\r a little quantity ( /rong spirits ^u a gr[+ plant 9 our g>d5 or cons]vatory1 we %all soon see x %rivel & die4 ,if we apply x to insects or small reptiles :i* we may h captur$ = specim5s 9 our cab9et1 ! same pot5t poison w procure = !m a spe$y dea?4 ,if we =ce "o ( our dome/ic animals to take habitual doses ( x1 ! animal w n only /rongly prote/ aga9/ ! unnatural & nause\s potion1 b x w gradually sick5 & lose all p[] = usefulness4 ,if ,i wi%$1 says a di/+ui%$ ,engli% physician1 by sci5tific exp]im5t to spoil = "w ! mo/ p]fect specim5 ( a work+ animal1 say a horse1 )\t inflict+ me*anical injury1 ,i c\ld *oose no bett] ag5t = ! purpose ( ! exp]im5t ?an alcohol4 ,footnote3 ,! effects produc$ by alcohol are common1 s f> z ,i c discov]1 to e animal4 ,alcohol is a univ]sal intoxicant1 & 9 ! high] ord]s ( animals is capable ( induc+ ! mo/ sy/ematic ph5om5a ( disease4 ,b x is res]v$ = man himself to exhibit ^! ph5om5a 9 _! pure/ =m1 & to pres5t1 ?r\gh !m1 9 ! morbid conditions belong+ to 8 age1 a di/9ct pa?ology4 ,bad z ?is is1 x might be worse2 = if ! evils ( alcohol 7 made to ext5d equally to animals l[] ?an man1 we %\ld soon h none t 7 tamable1 none t 7 workable1 & none t 7 eatable4 ,,alcohol ,,9 ,,w9e1 ,,be]1 ,,& ,,cid] ,,id5tical ,,) ,,alcohol ,,9 ,,ard5t ,,spirits4--,9 all liquors ! active pr9ciple is alcohol4 ,x comprises f six to eight p] c5t ( ale & port]1 sev5 to sev5te5 p] c5t ( w9e1 & =ty to fifty p] c5t ( br&y & :iskey4 ,all ^! may !re=e be consid]$ z alcohol m or less dilut$ ) wat] & flavor$ ) v>i\s aromatics4 ,! ta/e ( diff]5t liquors--z br&y1 g91 be]1 cid]1 etc4--may v>y greatly1 b !y all produce c]ta9 physiological effects1 due to _! common +r$i5t--alcohol4 ,9 :atev] =m x ent]s1 says ,dr4 ,ri*>dson1 :e!r z _s1 w9e1 or ale1 matt]s little :5 its specific influ5ce is kept /eadily 9 view4 ,to say ?is man only dr9ks ale1 t man only dr9ks w9e1 :ile a ?ird dr9ks spirits1 is m]ely to say1 :5 ! apology is unclo!d1 t all dr9k ! same dang]4 ,9 o!r words1 ! poison\s nature ( alcohol1 & ! effects :i* result :5 x is tak5 into ! /oma*1 are def9ite & immutable facts1 :i* are n dep5d5t ^u any p>ticul> "n or disguise "u :i* ! poison f9ds entrance4 ,we %all le>n1 z we /udy ! influ5ce ( alcohol ^u ! human sy/em1 t "o ( its mo/ subtle *>act]i/ics is ! progressive appetite = itself 7p4 #ahe7 :i* x induces1 an appetite :i*1 9 _m cases1 is =m$ long be=e its unhappy subject is aw>e ( 8 dang]4 ,! intellig5t pupil1 :o kn[s h[ to reason f cause to effect1 ne$s h>dly to be told1 9 view ( ?is physical tru?1 ( ! p]il t lies 9 ! fir/ draught ( any f]m5t$ liquor1 ev5 ?\gh x be s seem+ly h>mless z a glass ( home-brew$ be] or slightly-bead$ cid]4 ,few ( u really und]/& our own inh]5t weakness or ! h]$it>y proclivities 7p4 #ahf7 t may be lurk+ 9 our blood1 ready to ma/] u :5 opportunity invites2 b we may be tol]ably c]ta9 t if we resolutely refuse to tamp] ) cid]1 be]1 or w9e1 we %all n fall into temptation be=e rum1 g91 or br&y4 ,s9ce we "k t 9 all f]m5t$ bev]ages !re is pres5t ! same trea*]\s elem5t1 alcohol1 we are truly wise only :5 we decl9e to measure arms 9 any way ) an enemy s s$uctive 9 its advances1 s insidi\s 9 its influ5ce1 & s t]rible 9 its triumph4 ,footnote3 ,aside f all consid]ations ( physical1 m5tal1 & moral injury wr\ght by ! use ( alcoholic dr9ks1 e "y man may well take into acc\nt ! damag+ effect ( su* a dang]\s habit ^u 8 bus9ess prospects4 ,c>eful bus9ess m5 are becom+ m & m unwill+ to take into _! employ any p]son addict$ to liquor dr9k+4 ,)9 ! pa/ few ye>s ! (fic]s ( sev]al railroads1 hav+ f\nd t a consid]able portion ( _! losses c\ld be directly trac$ to ! dr9k+ habits ( "s "o or m ( _! employs1 h ord]$ ! dismissal ( all p]sons 9 _! s]vice :o 7 kn[n to use intoxicants1 ) ! additional provision t p]sons ?us dis*>g$ %\ld nev] be re9/at$4 ,_m ,ea/]n manufactories h adopt$ simil> rules4 ,all m]cantile ag5cies n[ report ! habits ( bus9ess m5 9 ?is respect1 & "s life insurance companies refuse to insure habitual dr9k]s1 reg>d+ su* risks z extra-haz>d\s4 ,let u n[ consid] ! physiological effects ( alcohol ^u ! organs imm$iately connect$ ) ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,,g5]al ,,effect ,,( ,,alcohol ,,^u ,,! ,,circulation4--,dur+ ! exp]im5t describ$ on page #aah1 ! influ5ce ( alcohol ^u ! blood may be beautifully te/$4 ,place on ! web ( ! frog's foot a drop ( dilute _s4 ,! blood vessels imm$iately exp&--an effect kn[n z ,vascul> enl>gem5t4 ,*annels be=e unse5 op51 & ! blood disks fly along at a brisk] rate4 ,next1 t\* ! membrane ) a drop ( pure _s4 ,! blood *annels quickly contract2 ! cells slack5 _! spe$2 &1 f9ally1 all motion ceases4 ,! fle% %rivels up & dies4 ,! circulation ?us /opp$ is /opp$ =ev]4 ,! "p affect$ w 9 "t sl\gh (f4 ,alcohol has kill$ x4 ,! influ5ce ( alcohol ^u ! human sy/em is v simil>4 ,:5 /rong1 z 9 spirits1 x acts z an irritant1 n>cotic poison 7p4 #adb1 note74 ,dilut$1 z 9 f]m5t$ liquors1 x dilates ! blood vessels1 quick5s ! circulation1 ha/5s ! he>t ?robs1 & accel]ates ! respiration4 ,,! ,,effect ,,( ,,alcohol ,,^u ,,! ,,he>t4--,:at means ?is rapid fl[ ( ! blood8 ,x %[s t ! he>t is ov]work+4 ,! n]ves t lead to ! m9ute capill>ies & regulate ! passage ( ! vital curr5t ?r\gh ! extreme p>ts ( ! body1 are p>alyz$ by ?is active n>cotic4 ,! t9y blood vessels at once exp&4 ,?is ,vascul> enl>gem5t removes ! resi/ance to ! passage ( ! blood1 & a rapid beat+ ( ! he>t results4 ,footnote3 ,dr4 ,b4 ,w4 ,ri*>dson's exp]im5ts t5d to prove t ?is app>5tly /imulat+ action ( alcohol ^u ! he>t is due to ! p>alysis ( ! n]ves t control ! capill>ies 7,note1 p4 #bjh71 :i* ord9>ily *eck ! fl[ ( ! blood 7p4 #aag74 ,! he>t1 l o!r muscles "u ! influ5ce ( alcohol1 really loses p[]1 & contracts less vigor\sly 7p4 #ahc74 ,dr4 ,palm]1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan1 also claim$ t alcohol1 9 fact1 dim9i%es ! /r5g? ( ! he>t4 ,pr(4 ,m>t91 ( ,johns ,hopk9s ,univ]sity1 f a s]ies ( c>efully conduct$ exp]im5ts ^u dogs1 conclud$ t blood conta9+ "o f\r? p] c5t ( alcohol almo/ inv>iably dim9i%es )9 a m9ute ! "w done by ! he>t2 blood conta9+ "o half p] c5t always dim9i%es x1 & may r$uce ! am\nt pump$ out by ! left v5tricle s t x is n suffici5t to supply ! coron>y art]ies4 ,"o hundr$ ye>s ago1 alcohol 0 always spok5 ( z a /imulant4 ,mod]n exp]im5t & inve/igation *all5g$ t def9ition1 & x is n[ classifi$ z a n>cotic4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 able physicians :o ma9ta9 t1 tak5 9 small doses1 & "u c]ta9 physical conditions1 x has ! effect ( a /imulant4 ,all agree t1 :5 tak5 9 any am\nt1 x t5ds to create an appetite = m4 ,c>eful exp]im5ts %[ t two ounces ( alcohol--an am\nt conta9$ 9 ! daily potations ( a v mod]ate ale or :iskey dr9k]--increase ! he>t beats six ?\s& 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs2--a degree ( "w repres5t$ by t ( lift+ up a weight ( sev5 tons to a height ( "o foot4 ,r$uc+ ?is sum to ounces & divid+1 we f9d t ! he>t is driv5 to d extra "w equival5t to lift+ sev5 ounces "o foot high "o ?\s& f\r hundr$ & n9ety-?ree times ea* h\r6 ,no wond] t ! dr9k] feels a reaction1 a physical languor1 aft] ! e>lie/ effects ( 8 indulg5ce h pass$ away4 ,! he>t flags1 ! bra9 & ! muscles feel exhau/$1 & re/ & sleep are imp]atively dem&$4 ,dur+ ?is "t ( excitem5t1 ! ma*9]y ( life has really be5 runn+ d[n4 ,x is h>d "w1 says ,ri*>dson1 to fight aga9/ alcohol2 h>d] ?an r[+1 walk+1 wre/l+1 coal heav+1 or ! treadmill itself4 ,all ?is is only ! fir/ effect ( alcohol ^u ! he>t4 ,long- cont9u$ use ( ?is di/urb+ ag5t causes a ,deg5]ation ( ! muscul> fib]1 ,footnote3 ,?is ,deg5]ation ( ! v>i\s tissues ( ! body1 we %all f9d1 z we proce$1 is "o ( ! mo/ m>k$ effects ( alcoholiz$ blood4 ,! *ange consi/s 9 an excess ( liquid1 or1 m commonly1 9 a deposit ( fat4 ,?is fatty matt] is n an increase ( ! organ1 b x takes ! place ( a "p ( its fib]1 ?us weak5+ ! /ructure1 & r$uc+ ! p[] ( ! tissue to p]=m its function4 ,almo/ ev]y:]e 9 ! body we ?us f9d cells--muscle cells1 liv] cells1 n]ve cells1 z ! case may be--*ang+ "o by "o1 "u ! influ5ce ( ?is pot5t disorganiz]1 into unheal?y fat cells4 ,alcohol has be5 well t]m$1 says ! ,london ,lancet1 ! ',g5ius ( ,deg5]ation4' ,! cause ( ?is deg5]ation c be easily expla9$4 ,! increas$ activity ( ! circulation compels a correspond+ly increas$ activity ( ! cell *anges3 b ! ess5tial condition ( heal?ful *ange--! pres5ce ( additional oxyg5--is want+ 7see p4 #adc71 & ! op]ation is imp]fectly p]=m$4--,,brodie4 s t ! he>t loses its old p[] to drive ! blood1 &1 aft] a "t1 fails to respond ev5 to ! spur ( ! excitant t has urg$ x to ru94 ,,influ5ce ,,^u ,,! ,,membranes4--,! flu% ( ! face & ! blood%ot eye1 t are su* noticeable effects ( ev5 a small quantity ( liquor1 indicate ! condition ( all ! int]nal organs4 ,! delicate l9+s ( ! /oma*1 he>t1 bra91 liv]1 & lungs are r$d5$1 & e t9y ve9 is inflam$1 l ! blu%+ nose itself4 ,if ! use ( liquor is habitual1 ?is ,vascul> enl>gem5t1 t at fir/ sl[ly pass$ away aft] ea* indulg5ce1 becomes p]man5t1 & n[ ! discolor$1 blot*$ sk9 reveals ! /ate ( ! entire muc\s membrane4 ,we le>n$ on page #ee :at a peculi> (fice ! membrane fills 9 n\ri%+ ! organs x enwraps4 ,any?+ t di/urbs its delicate /ructure mu/ m> its effici5cy4 ,alcohol has a wond]ful aff9ity = wat]4 ,to satisfy ?is gre$1 x w absorb moi/ure f ! tissues ) :i* x comes 9 contact1 z well z f _! lubricat+ juices4 ,! enl>gem5t ( ! blood vessels & _! p]man5t conge/ion mu/ int]f]e ) ! filt]+ action ( ! membrane4 ,9 "t1 all ! membranes become dry1 ?ick5$1 & h>d5$2 !y !n %r9k ^u ! s5sitive n]ve1 or /iff5 ! jo9t1 or enfeeble ! muscle4 ,! function ( ^! membranes be+ d]ang$1 !y w n furni% ! organs ) p]fect$ mat]ial1 & ! clogg$ pores w no long] filt] _! natural fluids4 ,e organ 9 ! body w feel ?is *ange4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,blood4 ,footnote3 ,alcohol acts ^u ! oxyg5 c>ri]1 ! color+ matt] ( ! r$ corpuscles1 caus+ x to settle 9 "o "p ( ! globule1 or ev5 to leave ! corpuscle1 & deposit itself 9 o!r elem5ts ( ! blood4 ,?us ! r$ corpuscle may become colorless1 di/ort$1 %runk51 & ev5 entirely brok5 up--,dr4 ,g4 ,b4 ,,h>riman4-- ,f ! /oma*1 alcohol passes directly into ! circulation1 & s1 9 a few m9utes1 is swept ?r\gh ! entire sy/em4 ,if x be pres5t 9 suffici5t am\nt & /r5g?1 its eag] desire = wat] w lead x to absorb moi/ure f ! r$ corpuscles1 caus+ !m to %r9k1 *ange _! =m1 h>d51 & lose "s ( _! ability to c>ry oxyg52 x may ev5 make !m adh]e 9 masses1 & s h9d] _! passage ?r\gh ! t9y capill>ies4--,,ri*>dson4 ,) mo/ p]sons :o indulge freely 9 alcoholic dr9ks1 ! blood is ?91 ! avidity ( alcohol = wat] caus+ ! burn+ ?ir/ s famili> to all dr9k]s1 & h5ce ! use ( enorm\s quantities ( wat]1 (t5] ( be]1 :i* unnaturally dilutes ! blood4 ,! blood !n easily fl[s f a w\nd1 & r5d]s an accid5t or surgical op]ation v dang]\s4 ,:5 ! blood t5ds1 z 9 o!r cases ( an excessive use ( spirits1 to coagulate 9 ! capill>ies1 ,footnote3 ,! blood is r5d]$ unduly ?91 or is coagulat$1 accord+ to ! am\nt ( alcohol t is c>ri$ into ! circulatory sy/em4 ,! _s may fix ! wat] ) ! fibr91 & ?us de/roy ! p[] ( coagulation2 or x may extract ! wat] s det]m9ately z to produce coagulation4 ,?is expla9s :y1 9 acute cases ( poison+ by alcohol1 ! blood is sometimes f\nd q fluid1 at o!r times firmly coagulat$ 9 ! vessels4--,b4 ,w4 ,,ri*>dson4 ,reckless p]sons h sometimes drunk a l>ge quantity ( liquor = a wag]1 &1 z ! result ( _! folly1 h di$ in/antly4 ,! :ole ( ! blood 9 ! he>t hav+ coagulat$1 ! circulation 0 /opp$1 & dea? inevitably ensu$4 !re is a liability ( an ob/ruction to ! fl[ ( ! vital curr5t ?r\gh ! he>t1 liv]1 lungs1 etc41 t may cause disease1 & 9 ! bra9 may lay ! f\ndation ( p>alysis1 or1 9 extreme cases1 ( apoplexy4 ,:]ev] ! alcoholiz$ blood goes ?r\gh ! body1 x ba!s ! delicate cells ) an irritat+ n>cotic poison1 in/ead ( a bl&1 nutriti\s sub/ance4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,lungs4--,"h we c see h[ c]ta9ly ! pres5ce ( alcohol int]f]es ) ! r$ corpuscles 9 _! task ( c>ry+ oxyg54 ,ev5 s small a quantity z "o "p ( alcohol to five hundr$ ( ! blood w mat]ially *eck ! absorption ( oxyg5 9 ! lungs4 ,! cells1 unable to take up oxyg51 reta9 _! c>bonic-acid gas1 & s return f ! lungs1 c>ry+ back1 to poison ! sy/em1 ! refuse matt] ! body has s\ght to ?r[ (f4 ,?us ! lungs no long] furni% prop]ly oxyg5iz$ blood4 ,! rapid /roke ( ! he>t1 already spok5 (1 is foll[$ by a correspond+ quick5+ ( ! respiration4 ,! flu% ( ! *eek is repeat$ 9 ! r$d5$ muc\s membrane l9+ ! lungs4 ,:5 ?is ,vascul> enl>gem5t becomes p]man5t1 & ! highly album9\s membrane ( ! air cells is h>d5$ & ?ick5$ z well z conge/$1 ! ,osmose ( ! gases to & fro ?r\gh its pores c no long] be prompt & free z be=e4 ,ev5 :5 ! effect passes (f 9 a few days aft] ! occasional indulg5ce1 !re has be51 dur+ t "t1 a dim9i%$ supply ( ! life-giv+ oxyg5 furni%$ to ! sy/em2 weakness foll[s1 &1 9 ! case ( h>d dr9k]s1 !re is a m>k$ liability to epidemics4 ,footnote3 ,!re is no d\bt t alcohol alt]s & impairs tissues s t !y are m prone to disease4--,,dr4 ,g4 ,k4 ,,sab9e4 ,a volume ( /ati/ics c\ld be fill$ ) quotations l ! foll[+3 ,mr4 ,hub]1 :o saw 9 "o t[n 9 ,russia two ?\s& "o hundr$ & sixty p]sons p]i% ) ! *ol]a 9 tw5ty days1 said3 ',x is a mo/ rem>kable circum/ance t p]sons giv5 to dr9k h be5 swept away l flies4 ,9 ,tiflis1 ) tw5ty ?\s& inhabitants1 e drunk>d has fall51--all are dead1 n "o rema9+4' ,physicians tell u1 also1 t !re is a peculi> =m ( consumption kn[n z ,alcoholic ,ph?isis caus$ by long-cont9u$ & excessive use ( liquor4 ,x g5]ally attacks ^? ^: spl5did physique has enabl$ !m to dr9k deep ) app>5t impunity4 ,?is type ( consumption appe>s late 9 life & is consid]$ incurable4 ,sev]e cases ( pneumonia are also g5]ally fatal ) inebriates4 ,footnote3 ,! ,influ5ce ( ,alcohol is cont9u$ 9 ! *apt] on ,dige/ion4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,:y does a dry1 cold atmosph]e favorably affect cat>rh8 #b4 ,:y %\ld we put on extra cov]+ :5 we lie d[n to sleep8 #c4 ,is x well to ?r[ (f our coats or %awls :5 we come 9 heat$ f a long walk8 #d4 ,:y are close-fitt+ coll>s or neckties injuri\s8 #e4 ,:i* side ( ! he>t is ! m liable to inflammation8 #f4 ,:at gives ! top] 8 r$ nose8 #g4 ,:y does n ! arm die :5 ! surgeon ties ! pr9cipal art]y lead+ to x8 #h4 ,:5 a f[l is angry1 :y does its comb r$d58 #i4 ,:y does a fat man endure cold bett] ?an a lean "o8 #aj4 ,:y does "o become ?91 dur+ a long sickness8 #aa4 ,:at w\ld y d if y %\ld come home wet to ! sk98 #ab4 ,:5 ! cold air /rikes ! face1 :y does x fir/ blan* & !n flu%8 #ac4 ,:at mu/ be ! effect ( tight lac+ ^u ! circulation ( ! blood8 #ad4 ,d y "k ! position ( ! l>ge art]ies 9 ! limbs1 s t 9 case ( accid5t y c\ld /op ! fl[ ( blood8 #ae4 ,:5 a p]son is said to be good-he>t$1 is x a physical tru?8 #af4 ,:y does a hot footba? relieve ! heada*e8 #ag4 ,:y does ! body ( a dr[n$ or /rangl$ p]son turn blue8 #ah4 ,:at are ! little k]nels 9 ! armpits8 #ai4 ,:5 we are excessively w>m1 w\ld ! !rmomet] %[ any rise ( temp]ature 9 ! body8 #bj4 ,:at =ces besides t ( ! he>t aid 9 propell+ ! blood8 #ba4 ,:y c ! pulse be be/ felt 9 ! wri/8 #bb4 ,:y are />v+ p exce$+ly s5sitive to any j>8 #bc4 ,:y w friction1 an application ( horse-radi% leaves1 or a bli/] relieve int]nal conge/ion8 #bd4 ,:y are /ud5ts v liable to cold feet8 #be4 ,is ! prov]b t blood is ?ick] ?an wat] lit]ally true8 #bf4 ,:at is ! effect ^u ! circulation ( hold+ ! brea?8 #bg4 ,:i* side ( ! he>t is ! /rong]8 #bh4 ,h[ is ! he>t itself n\ri%$8 ,footnote3 ,! coron>y art]y1 spr++ f ! aorta j aft] its orig91 c>ries blood to ! muscul> walls ( ! he>t2 ! v5\s blood comes back ?r\gh ! coron>y ve9s1 & empties directly into ! "r auricle4 #bi4 ,does any v5\s blood rea* ! he>t )\t com+ ?r\gh ! v5 cav8 #cj4 ,:at w\ld y d1 9 ! abs5ce ( a surgeon1 9 ! case ( a sev]e w\nd8 7,see p4 #beh47 #ca4 ,:at w\ld y d 9 ! case ( a fev]8 7,see p4 #bfc47 #cb4 ,:at is ! mo/ injuri\s effect ( alcohol ^u ! blood8 #cc4 ,are our bodies ! same f day to day8 #cd4 ,%[ h[ life comes by dea?4 #ce4 ,is n ! tru? j /at$ z applicable to moral & intellectual1 z to physical life8 #cf4 ,:at ve9 beg9s & ends ) capill>ies8 ,ans4 ,! portal ve9 comm5ces ) capill>ies 9 ! dige/ive organs1 & ends ) ! same k9d ( vessels 9 ! liv]4 7,see p4 #aff47 #cg4 ,by :at process is alcohol always =m$8 ,does x exi/ 9 nature8 #ch4 ,:at p]c5tage ( alcohol is conta9$ 9 ! diff]5t k9ds ( liquor8 #ci4 ,does cid] possess ! same intoxicat+ pr9ciple z br&y8 #dj4 ,describe ! g5]al prop]ties ( alcohol4 #da4 ,%[ t alcohol is a n>cotic poison4 #db4 ,if alcohol is n a /imulant1 h[ does x cause ! he>t to ov]work8 #dc4 ,:y is ! sk9 ( a drunk>d always r$ & blot*$8 #dd4 ,:at dang] is !re 9 occasionally us+ alcoholic dr9ks8 #de4 ,:at is meant by a fatty deg5]ation ( ! he>t8 #df4 ,:at keeps ! blood 9 circulation betwe5 ! beats ( ! he>t8 #dg4 ,:at is ! (fice ( ! capill>ies8 7,see note1 p4 #cgc47 #dh4 ,does alcohol int]f]e ) ?is function8 #di4 ,h[ does alcohol int]f]e ) ! regul> (fice ( ! membranes8 #ej4 ,h[ does x *eck ! process ( oxidation8 ,,vi4 ,,dige/ion ,,& ,,food4 ,a man puts "s a%es 9 a hill ( corn & !reby d\bles its yield4 ,!n he says1 ',my a%es h ,i turn$ into corn4' ,weak f 8 labor1 he eats ( 8 corn1 & new life comes to him4 ,aga91 he says1 ',i h *ang$ my corn into a man4' ,?is also he feels to be ! tru?4 ,x is ! problem ( ! body1 rememb]1 t we are discuss+4 ,a man is m ?an ! body2 to conf\nd ! body & ! man is worse ?an conf\nd+ ! body & ! clo?+4--,,john ,,d>by4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,dige/ion ,,& ,,food #a4 ,,:y ,,we ,,ne$ ,,food4 #b4 ,,:at ,,food ,,does4 #a4 ,nitrog5\s4 a4 ,! ,sug>s4 #c4 ,,k9ds ,,( ,,food4444 #b4 ,c>bonace\s4444b4 ,! ,fats4 #c4 ,m9]als #d4 ,,"o ,,k9d is ,,insuffici5t4 #e4 ,,object ,,( ,,dige/ion4 --,g5]al ,description #a4 ,ma/ication & a4 ,! ,saliva4 ,insalvation444444 b4 ,process ( ,swall[+4 a4 ,! ,/oma*4 #b4 ,ga/ric b4 ,! ,ga/ric ,dige/ion44444444 ,juice4 c4 ,! ,*yme #f4 ,,processes ,,( ,,dige/ion44444444 --,description a4 ,! ,bile #c4 ,inte/ional b4 ,! ,pancreatic ,dige/ion44444444 ,juice4 c4 ,! ,small ,inte/9e4 a4 ,by ! ,ve9s4 #d4 ,absorption4444444 b4 ,by ! ,lacteals4 #g4 ,,complexity ,,( ,,! ,,process ,,( ,,dige/ion4 #a4 ,l5g? ( ,"t requir$4 a4 ,beef4 b4 ,mutton4 c4 ,lamb4 #b4 ,value ( dif- d4 ,pork4 f]5t k9ds e4 ,fi%4 ( food444444444 f4 ,milk4 g4 ,*eese4 h4 ,eggs1 etc4 #h4 ,,hygi5e4444444444 a4 ,c(fee4 #c4 ,! ,/imulants444 b4 ,tea4 ,c4 ,*ocolate4 #d4 ,cook+ ( ,food4 #e4 ,rapid ,eat+4 #f4 ,quantity & ,quality ( ,food4 #g4 ,:5 ,food %\ld be tak54 #h4 ,h[ ,food %\ld be tak54 #i4 ,ne$ ( a ,v>iety #i4 ,,! ,,wond]s ,,( ,,dige/ion4 #a4 ,dyspepsia4 #aj4 ,,diseases44444444#b4 ,! ,mumps4 #a4 ,is ,alcohol a ,food8 #b4 ,effect ^u ! ,dige/ion4 #c4 ,effect ^u ! ,liv]4 #aa4 ,,alcoholic #d4 ,effect ^u ! ,kidneys4 ,,dr9ks ,,& #e4 ,does ,alcohol imp>t heat8 ,,n>cotics4444444 #f4 ,does ,alcohol imp>t /r5g?8 #g4 ,! ,effect ^u ! ,wa/e ( ! ,body4 #h4 ,alcohol creates a progressive appetite = itself4 #i4 ,law ( ,h]$ity4 ,,dige/ion ,,& ,,food4 ,,:y ,,we ,,ne$ ,,food4--,we h le>n$ t our bodies are con/antly giv+ (f wa/e matt]--! products ( ! fire1 or oxidation1 z ! *emi/ t]ms ! *ange go+ on )9 u 7,note1 p4 #ajg74 ,a man )\t food w />ve to dea? 9 a few days1 i4 e41 ! oxyg5 w h consum$ all ! available fle% ( 8 body4 ,footnote3 ,! /ories curr5t 9 ! newspap]s ( p]sons :o live = ye>s )\t food1 are1 ( c\rse1 untrue4 ,! case ( ! ,wel% ,fa/+ ,girl1 :i* excit$ g5]al int]e/ ?r\gh\t ,great ,brita91 & 0 ext5sively copi$ 9 our own press1 is 9 po9t4 ,%e _h succe$$ 9 deceiv+ n only ! public1 b1 z "s claim1 h] own p>5ts4 ,at la/ a /rict wat* 0 set by day & night1 preclud+ ! possibility ( h] receiv+ any food except at ! h&s ( ! committee1 f :om %e /eadily refus$ x4 ,9 a few days %e di$ f actual />vation4 ,! y\? ( ! girl1 ! app>5t hone/y ( ! p>5ts1 & ! tragical sequel1 make x "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable cases ( ! k9d on record4 ,to replace ! daily outgo1 we ne$ ab\t two & a qu>t] p\nds ( food1 & ?ree p9ts ( dr9k4 ,footnote3 ,e cell 9 ! tissues is full ( matt] ready to set free at call its /or$-up en]gy--d]iv$ f ! meat1 bread1 & vegetables we h eat54 ,?is en]gy w pass (f quietly :5 ! organs are 9 comp>ative re/1 b viol5tly :5 ! muscles contract ) =ce4 ,:5 we s5d an ord] ?r\gh a n]ve to any "p ( ! body1 a s]ies ( t9y explosions run ! entire l5g? ( ! n]ve1 j z fire runs ?r\gh a tra9 ( gunp[d]4 ,! muscle receives ! /imulus1 &1 contract+1 lib]ates its en]gy4 ,! cells ( n]ve or muscle1 ^: cont5ts h ?us explod$1 z x 71 are useless1 & mu/ be c>ri$ (f by ! blood1 j z a%es mu/ be swept f ! he>?1 & new fuel be suppli$ to keep up a fire4 ,includ+ ! eight hundr$ p\nds ( oxyg5 tak5 f ! air1 a man uses 9 a ye> ab\t a ton & a half ( mat]ial4 ,footnote3 ,! foll[+ is ! daily ration ( a ,unit$ ,/ates soldi]4 ,x is said to be ! mo/ g5]\s 9 ! _w3 ,bread or fl\r 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #bb ounces4 ,fre% or salt beef 7or pork or bacon1 #ab oz47 4 #bj ,potatoes 7?ree times p] week7 4 4 4 4 4 #af ,rice 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #a4f ,c(fee 7or tea1 #j4bd oz47 4 4 4 4 4 4 #a4f ,sug> 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #b4d ,beans 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #j4fd gill4 ,v9eg> 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #j4cb ,salt 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #j4af ,yet dur+ ?is entire "t 8 weight may h be5 ne>ly uni=m4 ,footnote3 ,if1 h[ev]1 he 7 kept on ! scale pan ( a s5sitive balance1 he w\ld f9d t 8 weight is con/antly *ang+1 increas+ ) ea* meal1 & !n gradually decreas+4 ,our bodies are b molds1 9 :i* a c]ta9 quantity ( matt]1 *eck$ = a "t on its ceaseless r\nd1 receives a def9ite =m4 ,!y may be lik5$1 says ,huxley1 to an eddy 9 ! riv]1 :i* reta9s its %ape = a :ile1 yet e in/ant ea* p>ticle ( wat] is *ang+4 ,,:at ,,food ,,does4--,we make no =ce ourselves4 ,we c only use t :i* nature provides = u4 ,footnote3 ,we draw f ,nature at once our sub/ance1 & ! =ce by :i* we op]ate ^u h]2 be+1 s f>1 p>ts ( h] great sy/em1 imm]s$ 9 x = a %ort "t & to a small ext5t4 ,enfold+ u1 z x 71 )9 h] arms1 ,nature l5ds u h] =ces to exp5d2 we receive !m1 & pass !m on1 giv+ !m ! impress ( our w1 & b5d+ !m to our designs1 = a little :ile2 & !n--,yes2 !n x is all "o4 ,! great procession pauses n1 nor flags a mom5t1 = our fall4 ,! p[]s :i* ,nature l5t to u %e resumes to h]self1 or l5ds1 x may be1 to ano!r2 ! use :i* we h made ( !m1 or might h made & did n1 is writt5 9 h] book =ev]4--,heal? & its ,conditions4 ,all our /r5g? comes f ! food we eat4 ,food is =ce--t is1 x conta9s a lat5t p[] :i* x gives up :5 x is decompos$4 ,footnote3 ,?is =ce is *emical aff9ity4 ,x b9ds toge!r ! molecules :i* compose ! food we eat4 ,:5 oxyg5 te>s ! molecules to pieces & makes !m up into small] ones1 ! =ce is set free4 ,z we %all le>n 9 ,physics1 x c be turn$1 into heat1 muscul> motion1 electricity1 etc4 ,! pr9ciple t ! diff]5t k9ds ( =ce c be *ang$ into "o ano!r )\t loss1 is call$ ! ,cons]vation ( ,en]gy1 & is "o ( ! gr&e/ discov]ies ( mod]n sci5ce4--,popul> ,physics1 pages #ce1 #ci1 #bgh4 ,oxyg5 is ! magic key :i* unlocks = our use ?is hidd5 /ore4 ,footnote3 ,we h spok5 ( ! my/]y t envelops ! process ( ! conv]sion ( food =ce into muscul> =ce 7note1 p4 #ajg74 ,all physiologi/s agree t muscul> p[] has its s\rce 9 ! *emical decomposition ( c]ta9 sub/ances :]eby _! pot5tial en]gy is releas$4 ,probably "s ( ! food und]goes ?is *emical *ange be=e x passes out ( ! alim5t>y canal2 possibly "s is brok5 up by ! oxyg5 :ile x is be+ swept along by ! blood2 b1 probably by f> ! l>ge/ "p is conv]t$ into ! v>i\s tissues ( ! body1 & f9ally becomes a wa/e product only aft] !re takes place 9 ! tissue itself t *emical disorganization t sets free its /or$-up p[]4-- ,,fo/]',s ,physiology4 ,putt+ food into our bodies is l plac+ a t5se spr+ )9 a wat*2 e motion ( ! body is only a new direction giv5 to ?is food =ce1 z e movem5t ( ! h& on ! dial is b ! manife/ation ( ! p[] ( ! b5t spr+ 9 ! wat*4 ,we use ! p5t-up en]gies ( meat1 bread1 & vegetables :i* are plac$ at our s]vice1 & transf] !m to a high] !at] ( action4 ,footnote3 ,x is a gr& ?\ght t we c ?us trans=m :at is common & gross into ! ref9$ & spiritual2 t out ( wav+ :eat1 wa/+ fle%1 runn+ wat]1 & dead m9]als1 we c realize ! glori\s possibilities ( human life4 ,,k9ds ,,( ,,food ,,ne$$4--,f :at has be5 said x is cle> t1 9 ord] to produce heat & =ce1 we ne$ some?+ t w burn1 i4 e41 ) :i* oxyg5 c comb9e4 ,exp]im5t has prov$ t to build up e organ1 & keep ! body 9 ! be/ condition1 we require ?ree k9ds ( food4 #a4 ,nitrog5\s ,food4--,z nitrog5 is a prom95t con/itu5t ( ! tissues ( ! body1 food :i* conta9s x is !re=e necess>y to _! gr[? & repair4 ,footnote3 ,s9ce ?is k9d ( food closely resembles album51 x is sometimes call$ ,album9\s4 ,! t]m ,proteid is also us$4 ,! mo/ common =ms are :ites ( eggs--:i* are ne>ly pure album52 case9--! *ief con/itu5t ( *eese2 lean meat2 & glut5--! viscid sub/ance :i* gives t5acity to d\gh4 ,bodies hav+ a great deal ( nitrog5 readily oxidize4 ,h5ce ! peculi> "* ( ! quick-*ang+1 =ce-excit+ muscle4 #b4 ,c>bonace\s ,food--i4 e41 food conta9+ mu* c>bon-- consi/s ( two k9ds1 viz41 ! sug>s1 & ! fats4 7#a7 ,! sug>s conta9 hydrog5 & oxyg5 9 ! proportion to =m wat]1 & ab\t ! same am\nt ( c>bon4 ,!y may1 !re=e1 be consid]$ z wat]1 ) c>bon diffus$ ?r\gh x4 ,9 dige/ion1 />* & gum are *ang$ to sug>1 & s are rank$ ) ?is class4 7#b7 ,! fats are l ! sug>s 9 composition1 b conta9 less oxyg51 & n 9 ! proportion to =m wat]4 ,!y comb9e ) m oxyg5 9 burn+1 & s give (f m heat4 ,! non-nitrog5\s elem5ts ( ! food h1 h[ev]1 o!r uses ?an to develop heat4 ,footnote3 ,! heat !y produce 9 burn+ may be turn$ into motion ( ! muscles1 accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( ! ,cons]vation ( ,en]gy 7p4 #aec1 note72 :ile all ! /ructures ( ! body 9 _! oxidation develop heat4 ,fat is ess5tial to ! assimilation ( ! food1 :ile sug> & />* aid 9 dige/ion & may be conv]t$ into fat4 ,footnote3 ,9 ,turkey1 ! ladies ( ! h>em are f$ on honey & ?ick gruel1 to make fle%1 :i* is consid]$ to enhance _! beauty4 ,! negroes on ! sug> plantations ( ! ,s\? always gr[ fat dur+ ! sug>-mak+ season4 ,fat & c>bonace\s mat]ial bo? ent] into ! composition ( ! v>i\s tissues1 & :51 by ! break+ up ( ! contractile sub/ance ( ! muscle1 _! lat5t en]gy is set free1 !y become ! s\rce ( muscul> =ce1 z well z heat4 ,:ile ! t5d5cy ( ! album9\s food is to excite *emical action1 & h5ce ! release ( en]gy1 ! fats & c>bonace\s food may be laid up 9 ! body to s]ve z a /oreh\se ( en]gy to supply future ne$s4 #c4 ,m9]al ,matt]s4--,food %\ld conta9 wat]1 & c]ta9 common m9]als1 su* z iron1 ,footnote3 ,:ile ! body c build up a solid f liquid mat]ials on ! "o h&1 on ! o!r x c p\r iron ?r\gh its ve9s & r$uce ! h>de/ textures to blood4--,,h9ton4 sulphur1 magnesia1 phosphorus1 salt1 & pota%4 ,ab\t ?ree p9ts ( wat] are ne$$ daily to dissolve ! food & c>ry x ?r\gh ! circulation1 to float (f wa/e matt]1 to lubricate ! tissues1 & by evaporation to cool ! sy/em 7see p4 #cag74 ,x also ent]s l>gely into ! composition ( ! body4 ,a man weigh+ "o hundr$ & fifty-f\r p\nds conta9s "o hundr$ p\nds ( wat]1 ab\t twelve gallons--en\gh1 if rightly arrang$1 to dr[n him4 ,footnote3 ,x is said t ,blum5ba* _h a p]fect mummy ( an adult ,t5]iffian1 :i* ) ! visc]a weigh$ only sev5 & a half p\nds4 ,iron goes to ! blood disks2 lime comb9es ) phosphoric & c>bonic acids to give solidity to ! bones & tee?2 phosphorus is ess5tial to ! activity ( ! bra94 ,salt is necess>y to ! secretion ( "s ( ! dige/ive fluids1 & also to aid 9 work+ (f f ! sy/em its wa/e products4 ,^! v>i\s m9]als1 except iron--sometimes giv5 z a m$ic9e1 & salt--univ]sally us$ z a condim5t1 ,footnote3 ,animals w travel long di/ances to obta9 salt4 ,m5 w b>t] gold = x2 inde$1 among ! ,gallas & on ! coa/ ( ,si]ra ,leone1 bro!rs w sell _! si/]s1 husb&s _! wives1 & p>5ts _! *ildr5 = salt4 ,9 ! di/rict ( ,accra1 on ! gold coa/ ( ,africa1 a h&ful ( salt is ! mo/ valuable ?+ ^u e>? aft] gold1 & w pur*ase a slave4 ,mungo ,p>k tells u t ) ! ,m&+oes & ,bamb>as ! use ( salt is su* a luxury t to say ( a man he flavors 8 food ) salt1 x is to imply t he is ri*2 & *ildr5 w suck a piece ( rock salt z if x 7 sug>4 ,no /rong] m>k ( respect or affection c be %[n 9 ,muscovy1 ?an ! s5d+ ( salt f ! tables ( ! ri* to _! poor] fri5ds4 ,9 ! book ( ,leviticus x is expressly comm&$ z "o ( ! ord9ances ( ,moses1 t e oblation ( meat ^u ! alt> %all be season$ ) salt1 )\t lack+2 & h5ce x is call$ ! ,salt ( ! ,cov5ant ( ,god4 ,! ,greeks & ,romans also us$ salt 9 _! sacrificial cakes2 & x is /ill us$ 9 ! s]vices ( ! ,lat9 *ur*--! p>va mica or p9* ( salt1 be+ 9 ! c]emony ( baptism1 put into ! *ild's m\?1 :ile ! prie/ says1 ,receive ! salt ( wisdom1 & may x be a propitiation to !e = et]nal life4 ,ev]y:]e & almo/ always1 inde$1 x has be5 reg>d$ z emblematical ( wisdom1 wit1 & immortality4 ,to ta/e a man's salt1 0 to be b\nd by ! rites ( hospitality2 & no oa? 0 m solemn ?an t :i* 0 sworn ^u bread & salt4 ,to spr9kle ! meat ) salt 0 to drive away ! devil1 & to ?is day1 no?+ is m unlucky ?an to spill ! salt4--,,le!by1 ,on ,food4 are conta9$ 9 small1 b suffici5t quantities 9 meat1 bread1 & vegetables4 ,,"o ,,k9d ,,( ,,food ,,is ,,insuffici5t4--,a p]son f$ on />* alone1 w\ld die4 ,x w\ld be a cle> case ( nitrog5 />vation4 ,on ! o!r h&1 z nitrog5\s food conta9s c>bon1 ! elem5ts ( wat]1 & v>i\s m9]al matt]s1 life c\ld be support$ on t alone4 ,b su* a prodigi\s quantity ( lean meat1 = example1 w\ld be requir$ to furni% ! o!r elem5ts1 t n only w\ld x be v exp5sive1 b x is likely t aft] a "t ! labor ( dige/ion w\ld be too on]\s1 & ! sy/em w\ld give up ! task 9 despair4 ,! ne$ ( a diet conta9+ bo? nitrog5\s & c>bonace\s elem5ts is %[n 9 ! fact t ev5 9 ! tropical regions oil is reli%$ z a dress+ ^u salad4 ,in/9ct ev]y:]e sugge/s ! bl5d+4 ,butt] is us$ ) bread2 rice is boil$ ) milk2 *eese is eat5 ) mac>oni1 & beans are bak$ ) pork4 ,,fig4 #de4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,/oma* & ,inte/9es4 #a1 /oma*2 #b1 duod5um2 #c1 small inte/9e2 #d1 t]m9ation ( ! ileum2 #e1 ccum2 #f1 v]mi=n app5dix2 #g1 asc5d+ colon2 #h1 transv]se colon2 #i1 desc5d+ colon2 #aj1 sigmoid flexure ( ! colon2 #aa1 rectum2 #ab1 sple5--a gl& ^: action is n und]/ood4--,,leidy',s ,anatomy4 ,,! ,,object ,,( ,,dige/ion4--,if our food 7 ca/ directly into ! blood1 x c\ld n be us$4 ,= example1 al?\gh ! *emi/ c n see :]e9 ! album5 ( ! egg diff]s f ! album5 ( ! blood1 yet if x be inject$ into ! ve9s x is unavailable = ! purposes requir$1 & is ?r[n out aga94 ,9 ! c\rse ( dige/ion ! food is modifi$ 9 v>i\s ways :]eby x is fitt$ = ! use ( ! body1 into :i* x is f9ally incorporat$4 ,we call ?is *ange ( food into fle% assimilation1 a "n = a "w done solely by ! vital organs1 & s my/]i\s 9 its nature t ! wise/ physiologi/ gets only glimpses "h & !re ( its op]ations4 ,,! ,,g5]al ,,plan ,,( ,,dige/ion4--,nature has provid$ = ?is purpose an entire laboratory1 furni%$ ) a *emi/'s outfit ( knives1 mort>s1 ba?s1 *emicals1 filt]s1 etc4 ,! food is 7#a7 *ew$1 mix$ ) ! saliva 9 ! m\?1 & swall[$2 7#b7 x is act$ ^u by ! ga/ric juice 9 ! /oma*2 7#c7 x is pass$ into ! inte/9es1 :]e x receives ! bile1 pancreatic juice1 & o!r liquids :i* completely dissolve x2 ,footnote3 ,dige/ion1 says ,b]zelius1 is a process ( r9s+4 ,! dige/ive app>atus secretes1 & aga9 absorbs ) ! food :i* x has dissolv$1 n less ?an ?ree gallons ( liquid p] day4-- ,,b>n>d1 ,,bidd]1 ,,s*midt1 & o!rs4 7#d7 ! n\ri%+ "p is absorb$ 9 ! /oma* & inte/9es1 & !nce ?r[n into ! blood vessels1 :5ce x is :irl$ ?r\gh ! body by ! torr5t ( ! circulation4 ,^! processes take place )9 ! alim5t>y canal1 a n>r[ tortu\s tube :i* comm5ces at ! m\?1 & is ab\t ?irty feet long4 ,footnote3 ,! dige/ive app>atus is l9$ ) muc\s membrane t possesses functions simil> to ^? ( ! out] sk94 ,x absorbs c]ta9 sub/ances & rejects wa/e matt]4 ,on acc\nt ( ?is close connection betwe5 ! inn] & ! out] sk91 x is n surpris+ to f9d t 9 ! l[e/ animals dige/ion is p]=m$ by means ( ! ext]nal sk94 ,! amba1 :i* is m]ely a gelat9\s mass1 :5 x takes its food1 extemporizes a /oma* = ! occasion4 ,x simply wraps itself ar\nd ! morsel1 &1 l an animat$ apple dumpl+ ) ! apple = food & ! cru/ = animal1 goes on ) ! process until ! op]ation is complet$1 :5 x unrolls itself aga9 & lets ! indige/ible residue escape4 ,! common hydra ( our brooks c live :5 turn$ inside out1 l a glove2 ei!r side s]v+ = sk9 or /oma*1 z necessity requires4 ,,fig4 #df4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,p>otid--"o ( ! saliv>y gl&s4 ,i4 ,,ma/ication ,,& ,,insalivation4--l4 ,! ,saliva4--,! food :ile be+ cut & gr\nd by ! tee? is mix$ ) ! saliva4 ,?is is a ?91 colorless1 fro?y1 slightly alkal9e liquid1 secret$ ,footnote3 ,by secretion is meant m]ely a sep>ation or pick+ out f ! blood4 by ! muc\s membrane l9+ ! m\?1 & by ?ree pairs ( saliv>y gl&s 7p>otid1 submaxill>y1 & subl+ual7 op5+ into ! m\? ?r\gh ducts1 or tubes4 ,! am\nt v>ies1 b on ! av]age is ab\t ?ree p\nds p] day1 & 9 heal? is always suffici5t to keep ! m\? moi/4 ,footnote3 ,! pres5ce & (t5 ! ?\ght ( food w make "o's m\? wat]4 ,fe> *ecks ! fl[ ( saliva1 & h5ce ! ,ea/ ,indians sometimes attempt to detect !ft by mak+ ^? :o are suspect$ *ew rice4 ,! p]son f :om x comes out drie/ is adjudg$ ! ?ief4 ,x s(t5s & dissolves ! food1 & ?us enables u to get ! flavor or ta/e ( :at we eat4 ,x conta9s a peculi> organic pr9ciple call$ ptyal91 ,footnote3 ,"o "p ( ptyal9 w conv]t eight ?\s& p>ts ( />* into sug>4--,,mialee4 ,! saliva has no *emical action on ! fats or ! album9\s bodies4 ,its fro?9ess enables x to c>ry oxyg5 into ! /oma*1 & ?is is ?\ght to be ( s]vice4 ,! action ( ! ptyal9 comm5ces ) great promptness1 & sug> has be5 detect$1 x is said1 )9 half a m9ute aft] ! />* 0 plac$ 9 ! m\?4 ,! process1 h[ev]1 is n f9i%$ !re1 b cont9ues aft] rea*+ ! /oma*4--,,val5t94 ,! saliva ?us prep>es a small portion ( food = absorption at once1 & s insures at ! v beg9n+ ( ! op]ation ( dige/ion a supply ( =ce-produc+ mat]ial = ! imm$iate use ( ! sy/em4 :i*1 act+ ^u ! />* ( ! food1 *anges x into glucose or grape sug>4 #b4 ,! ,process ( ,swall[+4--,! food ?us f9ely pulv]iz$1 s(t5$1 & s lubricat$ by ! viscid saliva z to prev5t friction z x passes ov] ! delicate membranes1 is convey$ by ! tongue & *eek to ! back ( ! m\?4 ,! s(t palate lifts to close ! nasal op5+2 ! epiglottis %uts d[n1 & along ?is bridge ! food is borne1 )\t dang] ( fall+ into ! w9dpipe or escap+ into ! nose4 ,! muscul> b&s ( ! ?roat n[ seize x & take x beyond our control4 ,! fib]s ( ! sophagus contract above1 :ile !y are lax bel[1 & convey ! food by a worm-l motion into ! /oma*4 ,footnote3 ,we c obs]ve ! peculi> motion ( ! sophagus by wat*+ a horse's neck :5 he is dr9k+4 ,,ii4 ,,ga/ric ,,dige/ion4--#a4 ,! ,/oma* is an irregul> expansion ( ! dige/ive tube4 ,its %ape has be5 comp>$ to t ( a bagpipe4 ,x holds ab\t ?ree p9ts1 ?\gh x is susceptible ( "s di/5sion4 ,x is compos$ ( an inn]1 muc\s membrane1 :i* secretes ! dige/ive fluids2 an out]1 smoo?1 well-lubricat$ s]\s "o1 :i* prev5ts friction1 & betwe5 !m a /\t1 muscul> coat4 ,! la/ consi/s ( two pr9cipal lay]s ( longitud9al & circul> fib]s4 ,:5 ^! contract1 !y produce a peculi> *urn+ motion1 call$ ! p]i/altic 7p]i1 r\nd2 /alle91 to arrange7 movem5t1 :i* ?or\ghly mixes ! cont5ts ( ! /oma*4 ,at ! f>!r end1 ! muscul> fib]s contract & =m a gateway1 ! pylorus 7a gate71 z x is call$1 :i* c>efully gu>ds ! exit1 & all[s no food to pass f ! /oma* until prop]ly prep>$4 ,footnote3 ,) a wise discretion1 h[ev]1 x op5s = buttons1 co9s1 etc41 swall[$ by accid5t2 & :5 we ov]load ! /oma*1 x seems to become we>y ( con/antly d5y+ egress1 &1 f9ally1 giv+ up 9 despair1 lets ev]y?+ ?r\gh4 ,,fig4 #dg4 ,illu/ration3 ,diagram ( ! ,dige/ion ( ! ,food4 ,notice h[ ! food is submitt$ to ! action ( alkal9e1 acid1 & !n alkal9e fluids4 7,see note1 p4 #afe47 #b4 ,! ,ga/ric ,juice4--,! l9+ ( ! /oma* is s(t1 velvety1 & ( a p9ki% hue2 b1 z soon z food is admitt$1 ! blood vessels fill1 ! surface becomes ( a bright r$1 & soon !re exudes f ! ga/ric gl&s a ?91 colorless fluid--! ga/ric juice4 7,see p4 #cai47 ,?is is secret$ to ! am\nt ( twelve p\nds p] day4 ,footnote3 ,! am\nt secret$ by a heal?y adult is v>i\sly e/imat$ f five to ?irty-sev5 p\nds4 ,z x is reabsorb$ by ! blood1 !re is no loss4 ,its acidity is probably due to muriatic or lactic acid--! acid ( s\r milk4 ,x conta9s a peculi> organic pr9ciple call$ peps9 ,footnote3 ,peps9 is prep>$ & sold z an article ( comm]ce4 ,! be/ is said to be made f ! /oma*s ( "y1 heal?y pigs1 :i*1 j be=e be+ kill$1 are excit$ ) savory food t !y are n all[$ to eat4 ,"o gra9 is suffici5t to dissolve eight hundr$ gra9s ( coagulat$ :ite ( egg4 ,a temp]ature ( #acj r5d]s peps9 in]t4 7pepte91 to dige/71 :i* acts z a f]m5t to produce *anges 9 ! food1 )\t be+ itself modifi$4 ,! fl[ ( ga/ric juice is influ5c$ by v>i\s circum/ances4 ,cold wat] *ecks x = a "t1 & ice = a long] p]iod4 ,ang]1 fatigue1 & anxiety delay & ev5 susp5d ! secretion4 ,! ga/ric juice has no effect on ! fats or ! sug>s ( ! food2 its influ5ce be+ ma9ly conf9$ to ! album9\s bodies1 :i* x s *anges t !y become soluble 9 wat]4 ,footnote3 ,! "q is (t5 ask$ :y ! /oma* itself is n dige/$ by ! ga/ric juice1 s9ce x belongs to ! album9\s sub/ances4 ,"s h assign$ z ! probable reason t life protects t organ1 & ass]t t liv+ tissues c n be dige/$2 b ! fallacy ( ?is has be5 cle>ly %[n by exp]im5ts t h be5 made ) liv+ tissues 9 ! c\rse ( sci5tific rese>*4 ,! late/ op9ion is t ! blood :i* circulates s freely ?r\gh ! vessels ( ! l9+ ( ! /oma*1 be+ alkal9e1 protects ! tissue aga9/ ! acidity ( ! ga/ric juice4 ,! food1 r$uc$ by ! action ( ! ga/ric juice to a grayi%1 s\py mass1 call$ *yme 7kime71 escapes ?r\gh t jeal\sly gu>d$ door1 ! pylorus4 ,fig4 #dh4 ,illu/ration3 ,a v]tical ,section ( ! ,duod5um1 highly magnifi$4 #a1 a fold-l villus2 #b1 epi!lium1 or cuticle2 #c1 orifices ( inte/9al gl&s2 #e1 orifice ( duod5al gl&s2 #d1 #g1 m highly magnifi$ sections ( ! cells ( a duod5al gl&4 ,,iii4 ,,inte/9al ,,dige/ion--,! /ructure ( ! inte/9es is l t ( ! /oma*4 ,!re is ! same out]1 smoo?1 s]\s membrane 7p]itoneum7 to prev5t friction1 ! l9+ ( muc\s membrane to secrete ! dige/ive fluids1 & ! muscul> coat+ to pu% ! food =w>d4 ,! inte/9es are divid$ into ! small & ! l>ge4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! =m] op5s out ( ! /oma*1 & is call$ ! du-o-de'-num1 z its l5g? is equal to ! bread? ( twelve f+]s4 ,"h ! *yme is act$ ^u by ! bile1 & ! pancreatic juice4 ,,fig4 #di4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,muc\s ,membrane ( ! ,ilium1 highly magnifi$4 #a1 cellul> /ructure ( ! epi!lium1 or out] lay]2 #b1 a ve92 #c1 fibr\s lay]2 #d1 villi cov]$ ) epi!lium2 #e1 a villus 9 section1 %[+ its l9+ ( epi!lium1 ) its blood vessels & lymphatics2 #f1 a villus p>tially uncov]$2 #g1 a villus /ripp$ ( its epi!lium2 #h1 lymphatics or lacteals2 #i1 orifices ( ! gl&s op5+ betwe5 ! villi2 #aj1 #aa1 #ab1 gl&s2 #ac1 capill>ies surr\nd+ ! orifices ( ! gl&4 #a4 ,! ,bile is secret$ by ! liv]4 ,?is gl& weighs ab\t f\r p\nds1 & is ! l>ge/ 9 ! body4 ,x is locat$ on ! "r side1 bel[ ! diaphragm4 ,! bile is ( a d>k1 gold5 color1 & bitt] ta/e4 ,ab\t ?ree p\nds are secret$ p] day4 ,:5 n ne$$ = dige/ion1 x is /or$ 9 ! gall cy/4 ,footnote3 ,a gall bladd] c be obta9$ f a but*]1 & ! cont5ts kept 9 a bottle = exam9ation4 ,its action on ! food1 ?\gh n fully und]/ood1 is necess>y to life4 ,footnote3 ,! bile is produc$1 unlike all ! o!r animal secretions1 f v5\s blood2 t is1 ! already contam9at$ blood ( ! portal ve94 ,its complete suppression produces symptoms ( poison+ analog\s to ^? :i* foll[ ! /oppage ( respiration1 & ! pati5t dies1 usually 9 a comatose condition1 at ! end ( t5 or twelve days4--,,dalton4 ,! alkal9e bile neutralizes ! acid cont5ts ( ! /oma* z !y fl[ into ! duod5um1 & ?us prep>es ! way = ! pancreatic juice4 ,x has also a slight emulsify+ p[] 7note1 p4 #afg74 #b4 ,! ,pancreatic ,juice is a secretion ( ! pancreas1 or sweetbread--a gl& ne>ly z l>ge z ! h&1 ly+ beh9d ! /oma*4 ,x is alkal9e1 & conta9s a f]m5t call$ tryps94 ,?is juice has ! p[] ( *ang+ />* to sug>4 ,its ma9 "w1 h[ev]1 is 9 break+ up ! globules ( fat into myriads ( m9ute p>ticles1 t mix freely ) wat]1 & rema9 susp5d$ 9 x l butt] 9 new milk4 ,! :ole mass n[ assumes a milky look1 :5ce x is t]m$ *yle 7kile7 & passes on to ! small inte/9e4 ,footnote3 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve t :ile ! ga/ric juice is decid$ly acid1 ! fluids ) :i* ! food next comes into contact are alkal9e4 ,x is ?us submitt$ to ! op]ation alt]nately ( alkal9e1 acid1 & aga9 ( alkal9e secretions4 ,9 ! h]bivora !re is also a second acid juice4 ,! reason ( ^! alt]nations is n kn[n1 b x c h>dly be d\bt$ t !y s]ve to make ! dige/ion ( ! food m p]fect4 ,& al?\gh ! solv5t p[] ( ! ga/ric juice is plac$ 9 abeyance :5 its acidity is neutraliz$ by ! alkal9e fluids1 yet x appe>s to be ! case "h1 z 9 respect to ! saliva1 t effects are produc$ by ! mixture ( ! v>i\s secretions :i* are p\r$ toge!r into ! dige/ive tube1 t w\ld n result f ei!r alone4--,,h9ton4 #c4 ,! ,small ,inte/9e is an intricately fold$ tube1 ab\t tw5ty feet long1 & f an in* to an in* & "o half 9 diamet]4 ,z ! *yle passes ?r\gh ?is tortu\s *annel1 x receives along ! entire r\te secretions :i* seem to comb9e ! action ( all ! previ\s ones--/>*1 fat1 & album5 be+ equally affect$4 ,,iv4 ,,absorption is p]=m$ 9 two ways1 by ! ve9s1 & ! lacteals4 7#a47 ,! ve9s 9 ! /oma* ,footnote3 ,! ve9s & ! lacteals are sep>at$ f ! food by a ?91 moi/ membrane1 ?r\gh ! pores ( :i* ! fluid food rapidly passes1 9 accordance ) a beautiful law 7,popul> ,physics1 p4 #ec7 call$ ! ,osmose ( liquids4 ,if two liquids ( diff]5t d5sities are sep>at$ by an animal membrane1 !y w mix ) consid]able =ce4 ,!re is a simil> law regulat+ ! int]*ange ( gases ?r\gh a por\s p>tition1 9 ob$i5ce to :i* ! c>bonic acid ( ! blood1 & ! oxyg5 ( ! lungs1 are ex*ang$ ?r\gh ! ?9 membrane ( ! air cells4 imm$iately beg9 to take up ! wat]1 salt1 grape sug>1 & o!r sub/ances t ne$ no special prep>ation4 ,! />* & ! album9\s bodies are also absorb$ z !y are prop]ly dige/$1 & ?is process cont9ues along ! :ole l5g? ( ! alim5t>y canal4 ,9 ! small inte/9e1 !re is a multitude ( t9y projections 7villi7 f ! folds ( ! muc\s membrane1 m ?an sev5 ?\s& to ! squ>e in*1 giv+ x a s(t1 velvety look4 ,^! little rootlets1 rea*+ out into ! milky fluid1 dr9k into _! m9ute blood vessels ! nutriti\s "p ( e sort ( food4 7#b47,! lacteals ,footnote3 ,f lac1 milk1 because ( ! milky look giv5 to _! cont5ts by ! *yle4 7p4 #abf71 a set ( vessels />t+ 9 ! villi side by side ) ! ve9s1 absorb ! pr9cipal "p ( ! fat4 ,!y convey ! *yle ?r\gh ! lymphatics & ! ?oracic duct 7,fig4 #dc7 to ! ve9s1 & s )9 ! sweep ( ! circulation4 ,! ,portal ,ve9 ,footnote3 ,s nam$ because x ent]s ! liv] by a sort ( gateway4 c>ries to ! liv] ! food absorb$ by ! ve9s ( ! /oma* & ! villi ( ! inte/9es4 ,on ! way1 x is greatly modifi$ by ! action ( ! blood itself4 ,9 ! cells ( ! liv]1 x und]goes z my/]i\s a process z t p]=m$ by ! lymphatic gl&s1 & is !n ca/ into ! circulation4 ,footnote3 ,9 ^! cells1 ! sug> is *ang$ into a k9d ( />* call$ glycog54 ,?is is insoluble1 & s is /or$ up 9 ! liv]1 & ev5 9 ! sub/ance ( ! muscles1 until x is ne$$ by ! body1 :5 x is once m conv]t$ into soluble sug> & tak5 up by ! circulation4 ,! liv] also *anges ! wa/e & surplus album9\s matt] into bile1 & into urea & uric acid--! =ms 9 :i* nitrog5iz$ wa/e is excret$ by ! kidneys4 ,! food1 pot5t ) =ce1 is n[ buri$ 9 t riv] ( life f :i* ! body spr+s mom5t>ily afre%4 ,,! ,,complexity ( ! process ( dige/ion1 z comp>$ ) ! simplicity ( respiration & circulation1 is v m>k$4 ,! me*anical op]ation ( ma/ication2 ! lubrication ( ! food by mucus2 ! provision = ! security ( ! respiratory organs2 ! grasp+ by ! muscles ( ! ?roat2 ! *urn+ movem5t ( ! /oma*2 ! gu>dian%ip ( ! pylorus2 ! timely introduction by safe & protect$ *annels ( ! saliva1 ! ga/ric juice1 ! bile1 ! pancreatic juice1 & ! inte/9al fluids1 ea* ) its special adaptation2 ! curi\s p]i/altic motion ( ! inte/9es2 ! tw(old absorption by ! ve9s & ! lacteals2 ! f9al trans=mation 9 ! lymphatics1 ! portal ve91 & ! liv]1--all ^! pres5t a complexity ( detail1 ! necessity ( :i* c be expla9$ only :5 we reflect ^u ! v>iety ( ! sub/ances we use = food1 & ! importance ( its ?or\gh prep>ation be=e x is all[$ to ent] ! blood4 ,,! ,,l5g? ,,( ,,"t ,,requir$ = dige/+ a full meal is f two to f\r h\rs4 ,x v>ies ) ! k9d ( food1 /ate ( ! sy/em1 p]fection ( ma/ication1 etc4 ,9 ! celebrat$ obs]vations made ^u ,alexis ,/4 ,m>t9 ,footnote3 ,9 #ahbb1 ,alexis ,/4 ,m>t91 a ,canadian 9 ! employ ( ! ,am]ican ,fur ,company1 0 accid5tally %ot 9 ! left side4 ,two ye>s aft]1 ! w\nd 0 entirely heal$1 leav+1 h[ev]1 an op5+ ab\t two & a half in*es 9 circumf]5ce into ! /oma*4 ,?r\gh ?is ! muc\s membrane protrud$1 =m+ a k9d ( valve :i* prev5t$ ! dis*>ge ( food1 b c\ld be readily depress$ by ! f+]1 ?us expos+ ! int]ior4 ,= sev]al ye>s he 0 "u ! c>e ( ,dr4 ,beaumont1 a skillful physician1 :o exp]im5t$ ^u him by giv+ v>i\s k9ds ( food1 & wat*+ _! dige/ion ?r\gh ?is op5+4 ,by means ( ^! obs]vations1 & o!rs p]=m$ on ,ka!r9e ,kutt1 a woman :o _h a simil> ap]ture 9 ! /oma*1 we h v important in=mation z to ! dige/ibility ( diff]5t k9ds ( food4 by ,dr4 ,beaumont1 8 /oma* 0 f\nd empty 9 two & a half h\rs aft] a meal ( roa/ turkey1 potatoes1 & bread4 ,pigs' feet & boil$ rice 7 dispos$ ( 9 an h\r4 ,fre%1 sweet apples took "o & a half h\rs2 boil$ milk1 two h\rs2 & unboil$1 a qu>t] ( an h\r long]4 ,9 eggs1 :i* occupi$ ! same "t1 ! case 0 rev]s$1--raw ones be+ dige/$ soon] ?an cook$4 ,roa/ beef & mutton requir$ ?ree & ?ree & a qu>t] h\rs respectively2 veal1 salt beef1 & broil$ *ick5 rema9$ = f\r h\rs2 & roa/ pork enjoy$ ! bad preem95ce ( ne$+ five & a qu>t] h\rs4 ,,value ,,( ,,! ,,diff]5t ,,k9ds ,,( ,,food4--,beef & ,mutton possess ! greate/ nutritive value ( any ( ! meats4 ,lamb is less /r5g!n+1 b m delicate4 ,l ! "y ( all animals1 x %\ld be ?or\ghly cook$1 & at a high temp]ature1 prop]ly to develop its delici\s flavor4 ,pork has mu* c>bon4 ,x sometimes conta9s a p>asite call$ tri*9a1 :i* may be transf]r$ to ! human sy/em1 produc+ disease & (t5 dea?4 ,! only prev5tive is ?or\gh cook+4 ,fi% is m wat]y ?an fle%1 & _m f9d x difficult ( dige/ion4 ,l meat1 x loses its m9]al con/itu5ts & natural juices :5 salt$1 & is mu* less n\ri%+4 ,oy/]s are highly nutriti\s1 b are m easily assimilat$ :5 raw ?an :5 cook$4 ,milk is a model food1 z x conta9s album51 />*1 fat1 & m9]al matt]4 ,no o!r s+le sub/ance c su/a9 life = s long a "t4 ,*eese is v n\ri%+--"o p\nd be+ equal 9 value to two ( meat1 b x is n adapt$ to a weak /oma*4 7,see p4 #cbb47 ,eggs are mo/ easily dige/$ :5 ! :ite is b>ely coagulat$ & ! yolk is un*ang$4 ,bread ,footnote3 ,v fre% bread1 w>m biscuit1 etc41 are cond5s$ by ma/ication into a pa/y mass t is n easily p5etrat$ by ! ga/ric juice1 & h5ce !y are n heal?ful4 ,9 ,g]many bread is n all[$ to be sold at ! bak]'s till x is tw5ty-f\r h\rs old--a wise provision = ^? :o h n /r5g? to resi/ temptation4 ,?is rule ( eat+ may well be adopt$ by e "o :o c>es m = 8 heal? ?an = a gratification ( 8 appetite4 %\ld be made ( unbolt$ fl\r4 ,! bran ( :eat furni%es ! m9]al matt] we ne$ 9 our bones & tee?1 gives ! bulk s ess5tial to ! prop] di/5sion ( ! organs1 & by its r\ghness g5tly /imulates !m to action4 ,corn is ri* 9 fat4 ,x conta9s1 h[ev]1 m indige/ible matt] ?an any o!r gra91 except oats1 & is less nutriti\s ?an :eat4 ,footnote3 ,p]sons unaccu/om$ to ! use ( corn f9d x liable to produce d]angem5t ( ! dige/ive organs4 ,?is 0 made fe>fully app>5t 9 ! prisons ( ,&]sonville dur+ ! late civil w>4 ,! vegetable food ( ! ,f$]al prison]s _h hi!rto be5 *iefly :eat bread & potatoes--! corn bread s ext5sively us$ at ! ,s\? be+ q new to mo/ ( !m z a con/ant article ( diet4 ,x soon became n only loa?some1 b productive ( s]i\s diseases4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x 0 ! pr9cipal article 9 ! rations ( ! ,conf$]ate soldi]s1 to :om habit made x a nutriti\s & :olesome =m ( food1 z 0 %[n by _! endurance4--,,fl9t1 ,physiology ( ,man1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 page #da4 ,! ,potato is two ?irds wat]1--! re/ be+ ma9ly />*4 ,ripe ,fruits1 & ^? vegetables usually eat5 raw1 dilute ! m conc5trat$ food1 & also supply ! blood ) acids1 :i* are cool+ 9 summ]1 & useful1 p]haps1 9 assimilation4 ,,! ,,/imulants4--,c(fee is ab\t half nitrog51 & ! re/ fatty1 sac*>9e1 & m9]al sub/ances4 ,x is1 !re=e1 ( mu* nutritive value1 especially :5 tak5 ) milk & sug>4 ,its peculi> /imulat+ prop]ty is due to a pr9ciple call$ caffe9e4 ,its aroma is develop$ by br[n+1 b de/roy$ by burn+4 ,no o!r sub/ance s soon relieves ! s5se ( fatigue4 ,footnote3 ,9 ! late civil w>1 ! fir/ desire ( ! soldi]s ^u halt+ aft] a we>isome m>*1 0 to make a cup ( c(fee4 ,?is 0 tak5 )\t milk1 & (t5 )\t sug>1 yet 0 always welcome4 ,tak5 9 mod]ation1 x cle>s ! intellect1 tranquilizes ! n]ves1 & usually leaves no unpleasant reaction4 ,x s]ves also z a k9d ( negative food1 s9ce x ret>ds ! process ( wa/e4 ,9 "s cases1 h[ev]1 x produces a ru% ( blood to ! head1 & %\ld be at once disc>d$4 ,at ! close ( a full meal x h9d]s dige/ion1 & at night produces wakefulness4 ,9 y\?1 :5 ! vital p[]s are /rong1 & ! functions ( nature prompt 9 rally+ f fatigue1 x is n ne$$1 & may be injuri\s 9 /imulat+ a s5sitive organization4 ,tea possesses an active pr9ciple call$ !9e4 ,:5 us$ mod]ately1 its effects are simil> to ^? ( c(fee1 except t x ex]ts an a/r+5t action4 ,x conta9s tann91 :i*1 if ! tea is /rong1 coagulates ! album5 ( ! food--tans x--& ?us delays dige/ion4 ,9 excess1 tea causes n]v\s tremor1 di/urb$ sleep1 palpitation ( ! he>t1 & indige/ion4 ,footnote3 ,tea & c(fee %\ld be made )1 boil+ wat]1 b %\ld n be boil$ aft]w>d4 ,dur+ ! /eep+ process1 s cu/om>y 9 ?is c\ntry1 ! volatile aroma is lo/ & a bitt] pr9ciple extract$4 ,9 bo? ,engl& & ,*9a x is usual to infuse tea directly 9 ! urn f :i* x is to be drawn4 ,! tann9 9 tea is %[n :5 a drop falls on a knife blade4 ,! black spot is a tannate ( iron--a comp\nd ( ! acid 9 ! tea & ! metal4 7,see p4 #cbb47 ,*ocolate conta9s mu* fat1 & also nitrog5\s matt] resembl+ album54 ,its active pr9ciple1 !obrom9e1 ,footnote3 ,x is said t ,l9nu1 ! great botani/1 0 s fond ( *ocolate t he nam$ ! cocoa tree ,!obroma1 ! food ( ! gods4 has "s ( ! prop]ties ( caffe9e & !9e4 ,,! ,,cook+ ,,( ,,food breaks ! little cells1 & s(t5s ! fib]s ( :i* x is compos$4 ,9 broil+ or roa/+ meat1 x %\ld be expos$ to a /rong heat at once1 9 ord] to coagulate ! album5 ^u ! outside1 & ?us prev5t ! escape ( ! nutriti\s juices4 ,! cook+ may !n be f9i%$ at a l[] temp]ature4 ,! same pr9ciple applies to boil+ meat4 ,9 mak+ s\ps1 on ! contr>y1 ! heat %\ld be appli$ sl[ly1 & %\ld rea* ! boil+ po9t = only a few mom5ts at ! close4 ,?is prev5ts ! coagulation ( ! album54 ,fry+ is an unheal?ful mode ( cook+ food1 z !reby ! fat becomes p>tially disorganiz$4 ,,rapid ,,eat+ produces _m evil results4 #a4 ,!re is n en\gh saliva mix$ ) ! food2 #b4 ,! co>se pieces resi/ ! action ( ! dige/ive fluids2 #c4 ,! food is wa%$ d[n ) dr9ks t dilute ! ga/ric juice1 & h9d] its "w2 #d4 ,we d n appreciate ! quantity we eat until ! /oma* is ov]load$2 #e4 ,fail+ to get ! ta/e ( our food1 we ?9k x insipid1 & h5ce use condim5ts t ov]/imulate ! dige/ive organs4 ,9 ^! v>i\s ways ! appetite becomes deprav$1 ! /oma* vex$1 ! sy/em ov]work$1 & ! f\ndation ( dyspepsia is laid4 ,footnote3 ,:5 "o is compell$ to eat 9 a hurry1 z at a railway /ation1 he w\ld d well to conf9e himself pr9cipally to meat2 & to dilute ?is conc5trat$ food ) fruit1 crack]s1 etc41 tak5 aft]w>d m leisurely4 7,see p4 #cbd47 ,,! ,,quantity ,,& ,,quality ,,( ,,food requir$ v>y ) ! age & habits ( ea* individual4 ,! diet ( a *ild ,footnote3 ,9 y\?1 repair exce$s wa/e2 h5ce ! body gr[s rapidly1 & ! =m is plump4 ,9 middle life1 repair & wa/e equal ea* o!r1 & gr[? ceases4 ,9 old age1 wa/e exce$s repair2 h5ce ! p[]s are enfeebl$ & ! sk9 lies 9 wr9kles on ! %runk5 =m4 %\ld be l>gely vegetable1 & m abundant ?an t ( an ag$ p]son4 ,a s$5t>y occupation necessitates less food ?an an outdoor life4 ,"o accu/om$ to manual labor1 on ent]+ s*ool1 %\ld practice self-d5ial until 8 sy/em becomes fitt$ to ! new ord] ( ?+s4 ,he %\ld n1 h[ev]1 fall into ! opposite error4 ,we read ( great m5 :o h liv$ on bread & wat]1 & ! consci5ti\s /ud5t sometimes ?9ks t1 to be great1 he1 too1 mu/ />ve himself4 ,footnote3 ,z ,dr4 ,holl& well rem>ks1 ! disp5sation ( sawdu/ has pass$ away4 ,if we desire a horse to w9 ! race1 we mu/ give him pl5ty ( oats4 ,on ! contr>y1 _m ( ! greate/ work]s are ! greate/ eat]s4 ,a p[]ful eng9e ne$s a correspond+ furnace4 ,only1 we %\ld be c>eful n to use m fuel ?an is ne$$ to run ! ma*9e4 7,see p4 #cbe47 ,! season %\ld modify our diet4 ,9 w9t]1 we ne$ highly c>bonace\s food1 pl5ty ( meat1 fat1 etc42 b 9 summ] we %\ld temp] ! heat 9 our corporeal /oves ) fruits & vegetables4 ,! climate also has its necessities4 ,! inhabitants ( ! frigid nor? h an almo/ insatiable long+ = fat4 ,footnote3 ,dr4 ,hayes1 ! arctic explor]1 says1 t ! daily ration ( ! ,esquimaux 0 f twelve to fifte5 p\nds ( meat1 "o ?ird be+ fat4 ,on "o occasion1 he saw a man eat t5 p\nds ( walrus fle% & blubb] at a s+le meal4 ,! l[ temp]ature _h a rem>kable effect on ! memb]s ( 8 own p>ty1 & "s ( !m 7 9 ! habit ( dr9k+ ! cont5ts ( ! oil kettle ) evid5t reli%4 ,o!r travel]s n>rate ! mo/ incr$ible /ories ( ! voracity ( ! inhabitants ( arctic regions4 ,s>it*eff1 a ,russian admiral1 tells ( a man :o 9 8 pres5ce ate1 at a meal1 a mess ( tw5ty-eight p\nds ( boil$ rice & butt]1 al?\gh he _h already p>tak5 ( 8 breakfa/4 ,capta9 ,co*rane fur!r adds1 9 n>rat+ ?is /atem5t1 t he has himself se5 ?ree ( ! savages consume a re9de] at a sitt+4 ,?us1 9 #ahab1 :5 ! ,allies ent]$ ,p>is1 ! ,cossacks drank all ! oil f ! lamps1 & left ! /reets 9 d>kness4 ,9 tropical regions1 a l[1 un/imulat+ diet ( fruits =ms ! *ief dep5d5ce4 ,footnote3 ,a natural appetite = a p>ticul> k9d ( food is an expression n only ( desire1 b ( fitness4 ,?us ! crav+ ( *ildhood = sug> indicates a ne$ ( ! sy/em4 ,x is que/ionable h[ f> x is prop] to =ce or p]suade "o to eat t :i* he disreli%es1 or 8 /oma* loa!s4 ,life )9 is l9k$ ) life )\t4 ,ea* organ requires its peculi> nutrim5t1 & !re is (t5 a peculi> influ5ce dem&$ ( :i* we c h no notice except by natural in/9ct4 ,yet1 z we are creatures ( habit & impulse1 we ne$ common s5se & good judgm5t to correct ! too (t5 wayw>d prompt+s ( an artificial crav+4 ,,:5 ,,food ,,%\ld ,,be ,,tak54--,on tak+ food1 ! blood sets at once to ! alim5t>y canal1 & ! en]gies are fix$ ^u ! prop] p]=mance ( ?is "w4 ,we %\ld n1 !re=e1 und]take h>d /udy1 labor1 or ex]cise directly aft] a he>ty meal4 ,we %\ld give ! /oma* at lea/ half an h\r4 ,he :o toils ) bra9 or muscle1 & ?us c5t]s ! blood 9 any p>ticul> organ1 be=e eat+ %\ld all[ "t = ! circulation to become equaliz$4 ,!re %\ld be an int]val ( f\r to five h\rs betwe5 our regul> meals1 & !re %\ld be no lun*+ betwe5 times4 ,) "y *ildr51 :]e ! vital processes are m rapid1 less "t may int]v5e4 ,z a g5]al rule1 no?+ %\ld be eat5 )9 two or ?ree h\rs ( retir+4 7,see p #ccf47 ,,h[ ,,food ,,%\ld ,,be ,,tak54--,a good laugh is ! be/ ( sauces4 ,! mealtime %\ld be ! happie/ h\r ( ! day4 ,c>e & grief are ! bitt] foes ( dige/ion4 ,a *e]ful face & a light he>t are fri5ds to long life1 & n[h]e d !y s]ve u bett] ?an at ! table4 ,god design$ t we %\ld enjoy eat+1 & t1 hav+ /opp$ be=e satiety 0 rea*$1 we %\ld h ! satisfaction always att5dant on a good "w well done4 ,,ne$ ,,( ,,v>iety4--,c>eful inve/igations h %[n t any "o k9d ( food1 h[ev] nutriti\s 9 itself1 fails aft] a "t to pres]ve ! highe/ work+ p[] ( ! body4 ,our appetite palls :5 we conf9e our diet to a regul> r\t9e4 ,nature dem&s v>iety1 & %e has furni%$ ! means ( gratify+ x4 ,footnote3 ,%e op5s h] h&1 & p\rs =? to man ! treasures ( e l& & e sea1 because %e w\ld give to him a wide & vigor\s life1 p>ticipant ( all v>iety4 ,= him ! cornfields wave _! gold5 gra9--:eat1 rye1 oats1 maize1 or rice1 ea* diff]5t1 b alike suffic+4 ,freely = him ! palm1 ! date1 ! banana1 ! breadfruit tree1 ! p9e1 spread out a h>ve/ on ! air2 & pleasant apple1 plum1 or pea* solicit 8 ready h&4 ,b5ea? 8 foot lie /or$ ! />* ( ! potato1 ! glut5 ( ! turnip1 ! sug> ( ! beet2 :ile all ! int]m$iate space is ri* ) juicy h]bs4 ,nature bids him eat & be m]ry2 add+ to 8 fea/ ! solid fle% ( bird1 & bea/1 & fi%1 prep>$ z victims = ! sacrifice3 firm muscle to make /rong ! arm ( toil1 9 ! indu/ri\s temp]ate zone2 & massive ribs ( fat to k9dle inw>d fires = ! sad dwell]s "u arctic skies4--,heal? & its ,conditions4--,,h9ton4 ,,! ,,wond]s ,,( ,,dige/ion4--,we c und]/& mu* ( ! process ( dige/ion4 ,we c look into ! /oma* & trace its v>i\s /eps4 ,inde$1 ! *emi/ c reproduce 9 8 laboratory _m ( ! op]ations2 a /ep fur!r1 z ,font5elle has said1 & he w\ld surprise nature 9 ! v act4 ,j "h1 :5 he seems s successful1 he is compell$ to pause4 ,at ! ?re%old ( life ! wise/ physiologi/ rev]5tly admires1 wond]s1 & wor%ips4 ,h[ /range is ?is trans=mation ( food to fle%6 ,we make a meal ( meat1 vegetables1 & dr9k4 ,gr\nd by ! tee?1 mix$ by ! /oma*1 dissolv$ by ! dige/ive fluids1 x is swept ?r\gh ! body4 ,ea* organ1 z x passes1 snat*es its p>ticul> food4 ,)9 ! cells ( ! tissues ,footnote3 ,z ! body is compos$ ( individual organs1 & ea* organ ( sep>ate tissues1 s ea* tissue is made up ( m9ute cells4 ,ea* cell is a little _w by itself1 too small to be se5 by ! nak$ eye1 b op5 to ! microscope4 ,x has its own =m & con/itution z mu* z a special organ 9 ! body4 ,x absorbs f ! blood su* food z suits its purposes4 ,moreov]1 ! numb] ( cells 9 an organ is z con/ant z ! numb] ( organs4 ,z ! organs exp& ) ! gr[? ( ! body1 s ! cells ( ea* tissue enl>ge1 b %r9k aga9 ) age & ! decl9e ( life4 ,life beg9s & ends 9 a cell4--,see ,appletons' ,cyclop$ia1 ,art4 ,absorption4 x is trans=m$ into ! s(t1 s5sitive bra91 or ! h>d1 call\s bone2 into br9y te>s1 or bl& saliva1 or acrid p]spiration2 bile = dige/ion1 oil = ! hair1 nails = ! f+]s1 & fle% = ! *eek4 ,)9 u is an ,almighty ,ar*itect1 :o sup]9t5ds a ?\s& build]s1 :i* make 9 a way pa/ all human compreh5sion1 "h a fib] ( a muscle1 !re a filam5t ( a n]ve2 "h con/ruct+ a bone1 !re unit+ a t5don1--fa%ion+ ea* ) scrupul\s c>e & un]r+ nicety4 ,footnote3 ,see ,,cooke',s ,religion & ,*emi/ry1 page #bcf4 ,s1 )\t s\nd ( build] or /roke ( hamm]1 goes up1 day by day1 ! body--! glori\s temple ( ! s\l4 ,,diseases ,,etc4--#a4 ,dyspepsia1 or indige/ion ( food1 is g5]ally caus$ by an ov]tax+ ( ! dige/ive organs4 ,too mu* food is us$1 & ! entire sy/em is burd5$ by ! excess4 ,meals are tak5 at irregul> h\rs1 :5 ! fluids are n ready4 ,a he>ty supp] is eat5 :5 ! body1 we>i$ ) ! day's labor1 dem&s re/4 ,! appetite craves no food :5 ! dige/ion is enfeebl$1 b /imulants & condim5ts excite x1 & ! unwill+ organs are oppress$ by t :i* !y c n prop]ly manage4 ,/rong tea1 alcoholic dr9ks1 & tobacco d]ange ! alim5t>y function4 ,too great v>iety ( di%es1 ri* food1 tempt+ flavors1--all lead to an ov]load+ ( ! /oma*4 ,?is pati5t1 long-suff]+ memb] at la/ we>s out4 ,pa91 discom=t1 diseases ( ! dige/ive organs1 & insuffici5t nutrition are ! p5alties ( violat$ laws4 7,see p4 #cbh47 #b4 ,! ,mumps are an inflammation ( ! p>otid & submaxill>y gl&s 7see p4 #aei74 ,! disease is g5]ally epidemic1 & is believ$ to be contagi\s2 ! pati5t %\ld !re=e be c>efully seclud$ = ! sake ( o!rs z well z himself4 ,! swell+ may be all[$ to take its c\rse4 ,relief f pa9 is (t5 exp]i5c$ by apply+ flannels wrung out ( hot wat]4 ,great c>e %\ld be us$ n to *eck ! inflammation1 &1 on fir/ go+ out aft] recov]y1 n to take cold4 ,,alcoholic ,,dr9ks ,,& ,,n>cotics4 #a4 ,,alcohol 7,cont9u$ f p4 #adg74 ,,relation ,,( ,,alcohol ,,to ,,! ,,dige/ive ,,organs4--,is ,alcohol a ,food8 ,to answ] ?is "q1 let u make a comp>ison4 ,if y receive into y\r /oma* a piece ( bread or beef1 ,nature welcomes its pres5ce4 ,! juices ( ! sy/em at once take hold ( x1 dissolve x1 & trans=m x = ! uses ( ! body4 ,a million t9y f+]s 7lacteals & ve9s7 rea* out to grasp x1 "w x ov]1 & c>ry x into ! circulation4 ,! blood be>s x onw>d :]ev] x is ne$$ to m5d or to build ,! h\se y live 94 ,soon1 x is no long] bread or beef2 x is fle% on y\r arm2 its *emical en]gy is imp>t$ to y1 & x becomes y\r /r5g?4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 y take into y\r /oma* a little alcohol1 x receives no su* welcome4 ,nature treats x z a poison1 & seeks to rid h]self ( ! intrud] z soon z possible4 ,footnote3 ,food is dige/$1 alcohol is n4 ,food w>ms ! blood1 directly or indirectly2 alcohol l[]s ! temp]ature4 ,food n\ri%es ! body1 9 ! s5se ( assimilat+ itself to ! tissues2 alcohol does n4 ,food makes blood2 alcohol nev] does any?+ m innoc5t ?an mix+ ) x4 ,food fe$s ! blood cells2 alcohol de/roys !m4 ,food excites1 9 heal?1 to normal action only2 alcohol t5ds to inflammation & disease4 ,food gives =ce to ! body2 alcohol excites reaction & wa/es =ce1 9 ! fir/ place1 & 9 ! second1 z a true n>cotic1 represses vital action & correspond+ nutrition4--,if alcohol does n act l food1 nei!r does x behave l wat]4 ,wat] is ! subtle b innoc5t vehicle ( circulation1 :i* dissolves ! solid food1 holds 9 play ! *emical & vital reactions ( ! tissues1 conveys ! nutritive solutions f cell to cell1 f tube to tube1 & c>ries (f & expels ! effete matt]4 ,wat] nei!r irritates tissue1 wa/es =ce1 nor suppresses vital action3 :]eas alcohol does all ?ree4 ,alcohol h>d5s solid tissue1 ?ick5s ! blood1 n>cotizes ! n]ves1 & 9 e conceivable direction antagonizes ! op]ation & function ( wat]--,,lees4 ,! juices ( ! sy/em w fl[ f e pore to dilute & weak5 x1 & to prev5t its %rivel+ up ! delicate membranes ) :i* x comes 9 contact4 ,! ve9s w take x up & be> x rapidly ?r\gh ! sy/em4 ,e organ ( elim9ation1 all ! scav5g]s ( ! body-- ! lungs1 ! kidneys1 ! p]spiration gl&s1 at once set to "w to ?r[ (f ! enemy4 ,s surely is ?is ! case1 t ! brea? ( a p]son :o has drunk only a s+le glass ( ! lighte/ be] w betray ! fact4 ,! alcohol ?us elim9at$ is entirely un*ang$4 ,nature app>5tly makes no ef=t to appropriate x4 ,footnote3 ,x 0 =m]ly a "q consid]ably discuss$1 :e!r alcohol exi/s 9 ! bra91 or 9 ! fluid f\nd 9 ! v5tricles1 9 intoxicat$ p]sons4 ,?is 0 settl$ by ,p]cy1 :o f\nd alcohol 9 ! bra9 & liv] ( dogs poison$ ) alcohol1 & ( m5 :o _h di$ aft] excessive dr9k+4 ,9 ^! exp]im5ts1 ! pres5ce ( alcohol 0 det]m9$ by di/illation1 & ! di/ill$ sub/ance burn$ ) a blue flame1 & dissolv$ camphor4-- ,,fl9t',s ,physiology ( ,man4 ,x c\rses ev]y:]e ?r\gh ! circulation1 & into ! great organs1 ) all its prop]ties unmodifi$4 ,alcohol1 !n1 is n1 l bread or beef1 tak5 hold (1 brok5 up by ! my/]i\s process ( dige/ion1 & us$ by ! body4 ,footnote3 ,because ( ! difficulties ( su* an exp]im5t1 we h n yet be5 able to acc\nt satisfactorily by ! excretions = all ! alcohol tak5 into ! /oma*4 ,?is rema9s z yet "o ( ! unsolv$ problems ( physiological *emi/ry4 ,to collect ! :ole ( ! ins5sible p]spiration1 = example1 is well-nigh impossible4 ,x 0 suppos$ at "o "t t a "p ( ! alcohol is oxidiz$--i4 e41 burn$1 9 ! sy/em4 ,b su* a process w\ld imp>t heat1 & x is n[ prov$ t alcohol cools1 in/ead ( w>ms1 ! blood4 ,moreov]1 ! close/ analysis fails to detect 9 ! circulation any trace ( ! products ( alcoholic combu/ion1 su* z aldehyde & acetic acid4 ,! fact1 says ,fl9t1 t alcohol is always elim9at$1 ev5 :5 drunk 9 m9ute quantity1 & t its elim9ation cont9ues = a consid]able "t1 gradually dim9i%+1 r5d]s x probable t all t is tak5 into ! body is remov$4 ,x c n !re=e be reg>d$ z an alim5t1 or food4-- ,,fl9t4 ,be]1 w9e1 & spirits1 says ,liebig1 conta9 no elem5t capable ( ent]+ into ! composition ( ! blood or ! muscul> fib]4 ,footnote3 ,! small am\nt ( nutritive sub/ance1 *iefly sug> d]iv$ f ! gra9 or fruit us$ 9 ! manufacture ( be] or w9e1 c n1 ( c\rse1 be comp>$ ) t conta9$ 9 bread or beef at ! same co/4 ,liebig says1 9 8 ,lett]s on ,*emi/ry1 ,we c prove1 ) ma!matical c]ta9ty1 t z mu* fl\r z c lie on ! po9t ( a table knife is m nutriti\s ?an eight qu>ts ( ! be/ ,bav>ian be]4 ,t alcohol is incapable ( =m+ any "p ( ! body1 rem>ks ,cam]on1 is admitt$ by all physiologi/s4 ,x c n be conv]t$ into bra91 n]ve1 muscle1 or blood4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,dige/ion4 ,footnote3 ,! m$ical value ( alcohol 9 its relations to dige/ion is n discuss$ 9 ?is book4 ,! exp]im5ts ( ,dr4 ,h5ry ,munroe1 ( ,hull1 publi%$ 9 ! ,london ,m$ical ,j\rnal1 are "h summ>iz$ z %[+ t ! t5d5cy to ret>d dige/ion is common to all =ms ( alcoholic dr9ks4 ,f9ely ,m9c$ ,beef #b;d ,h\r #d? ,h\r #f? ,h\r ,i4 ,dige/+ ,ga/ric ,juice ,beef & ,beef mu* & wat]4 opaque4 sep>at+4 loos5$4 ,slightly ,slight ,,ii4 ,no alt]ation opaque1 b coat+ on ,ga/ric ,juice p]ceptible4 beef beef4 ) alcohol4 un*ang$4 ,,iii4 ,cl\dy1 beef ,ga/ric ,juice ,no *ange4 ) fur p>tly & pale ale4 on beef4 loos5$4 ,f9ely ,m9c$ ,beef #h? ,h\r #aj? ,h\r ,i4 ,ga/ric ,juice ,beef ,brok5 up & wat]4 opaque4 into %r$s4 ,solid on ,,ii4 ,no visible cool+ ,ga/ric ,juice *ange4 ,peps9 ) alcohol4 precipitat$4 ,,iii4 ,no dige/ion ,ga/ric ,juice ,no fur!r ,peps9 & pale ale4 *ange4 precipitat$4 --,exp]im5ts t5d to prove t alcohol coagulates & precipitates ! peps9 f ! ga/ric juice1 & s puts a /op to its great "w 9 ! process ( dige/ion4 ,! gre$ ( alcohol = wat] causes x to imbibe moi/ure f ! tissues & juices1 & to inflame ! delicate muc\s membrane4 ,x %[s ! p[] ( ,nature to adapt h]self to circum/ances1 t ! s(t1 velvety l9+ ( ! ?roat & /oma* %\ld come at l5g? to endure ! pres5ce ( a fi]y liquid :i*1 undilut$1 w\ld soon %rivel & de/roy x4 ,9 self-def5se1 ! juices p\r 9 to weak5 ! alcohol1 & x is soon hurri$ into ! circulation4 ,be=e ?is c be done1 x mu/ absorb ab\t ?ree times its bulk ( wat]2 h5ce1 v /rong liquor may be reta9$ 9 ! /oma* long en\gh to int]f]e s]i\sly ) ! dige/ion1 & to injure ! l9+ coat4 ,habitual use ( alcohol p]man5tly dilates ! blood vessels2 ?ick5s & h>d5s ! membranes2 9 "s cases1 ulc]ates ! surface2 &1 f9ally1 s weak5s ! assimilation t ! prop] supply ( food c n be appropriat$4 --,,fl9t4 ,footnote3 ,! case ( ,/4 ,m>t9 7p4 #afh7 gave an excell5t opportunity to wat* ! action ( alcohol ^u ! /oma*4 ,dr4 ,beaumont summ>iz$ 8 exp]im5ts ?us3 ,! free1 ord9>y use ( any intoxicat+ liquor1 :5 cont9u$ = "s days1 inv>iably produc$ inflammation1 ulc]\s pat*es1 &1 f9ally1 a dis*>ge ( morbid matt] t+$ ) blood4 ,yet ,/4 ,m>t9 nev] compla9$ ( pa9 9 8 /oma*1 ! n>cotic influ5ce ( ! alcohol prev5t+ ! signal ( dang] t ,nature ord9>ily gives4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,liv]4--,alcohol is c>ri$ by ! portal ve9 directly to ! liv]4 ,?is organ1 aft] ! bra91 holds ! l>ge/ %>e4 ,! influ5ce ( ! poison is "h easily trac$4 ,! color ( ! bile is soon *ang$ f yell[ to gre51 & ev5 to black2 ! connective tissue betwe5 ! lobules becomes inflam$2 &1 9 ! case ( a confirm$ drunk>d1 h>d5$ & %runk1 ! surface (t5 assum+ a nodulat$ appe>ance kn[n z ! hobnail$ liv]4 ,morbid matt] is sometimes deposit$1 caus+ :at is call$ ,fatty deg5]ation1 s t ! liv] is increas$ to twice or ?rice its natural size4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,kidneys4--,! kidneys1 l ! liv]1 are liable 9 "t to und]go1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( alcohol1 a ,fatty deg5]ation1 9 :i* ! cells become fill$ ) p>ticles ( fat2 ,footnote3 ,disabl$ by ! fatty deposits1 ! kidneys are unable to sep>ate ! wa/e matt] com+ to !m = elim9ation f ! sy/em4 ,! poison\s mat]ial is p\r$ back into ! circulation1 & (t5 delirium ensues4--,,hubb>d4 ,ri*>dson /ates t 8 exp]i5ce is to ! effect t sev5 out ( e eight in/ances ( kidney disease are attributable to alcohol4 ! vessels lose _! contractility2 &1 wor/ ( all1 ! membranes may be s modifi$ z to all[ ! album9\s "p ( ! blood to filt] ?r\gh !m1 & s to rob ! body ( "o ( its mo/ valuable con/itu5ts4 ,footnote3 ,?is det]ioration ( /ructure frequ5tly gives rise to :at is kn[n z ,bright's ,disease4--,,ri*>dson4 ,,does ,,alcohol ,,imp>t ,,heat8--,dur+ ! fir/ flu% aft] dr9k+ w9e1 = example1 a s5se ( w>m? is felt4 ,?is is due to ! tides ( w>m blood t are be+ s5t to ! surface ( ! body1 ow+ to ! vascul> enl>gem5t & to ! rapid pump+ ( ! he>t4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no fre% heat develop$4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! br++ ! blood to ! surface causes x to cool fa/]1 reaction sets 91 a *ill9ess is exp]i5c$ z "o becomes sob]1 & a delicate !rmomet] plac$ "u ! tongue ( ! inebriate may %[ a fall ( ev5 two degrees bel[ ! /&>d temp]ature ( ! body4 ,sev]al h\rs are requir$ to re/ore ! usual heat4 ,z e>ly z #ahej1 ,dr4 ,n4 ,s4 ,davis1 ( ,*icago1 ex-,presid5t ( ! ,am]ican ,m$ical ,association1 in/itut$ an ext5sive s]ies ( exp]im5ts to det]m9e ! effect ( ! diff]5t articles ( food & dr9ks on ! temp]ature ( ! sy/em4 ,he conclusively prov$ t1 dur+ ! dige/ion ( all k9ds ( food1 ! temp]ature ( ! body is increas$1 b :5 alcohol is tak51 ei!r 9 ! =m ( f]m5t$ or di/ill$ bev]ages1 ! temp]ature beg9s to fall )9 a half h\r1 & cont9ues to decrease = two or ?ree h\rs1 & t ! r$uction ( temp]ature1 9 ext5t z well z 9 duration1 is 9 exact proportion to ! am\nt ( alcohol tak54 ,x naturally foll[s t1 contr>y to ! accept$ op9ion1 liquor does n =tify aga9/ cold4 ,! exp]i5ce ( travel]s at ! ,nor? co9cides ) t ( ,dr4 ,hayes1 ! ,arctic explor]1 :o says3 ,:ile fat is absolutely ess5tial to ! inhabitants & travel]s 9 arctic c\ntries1 alcohol is1 9 almo/ any %ape1 n only completely useless1 b positively injuri\s4 ,i h kn[n /rong1 able-bodi$ m5 to become utt]ly incapable ( resi/+ cold 9 consequ5ce ( ! long-cont9u$ use ( alcoholic dr9k4 ,,does ,,alcohol ,,imp>t ,,/r5g?8--,exp]i5ce %[s t alcohol weak5s ! p[] ( und]go+ sev]e bodily ex]tion4 ,footnote3 ,dr4 ,mc,rae1 9 speak+ ( ,arctic exploration1 at ! meet+ ( ! ,am]ican ,association = ! ,advancem5t ( ,sci5ce1 held at ,montreal 9 #ahef1 said3 ,! mom5t t a man _h swall[$ a dr9k ( spirits1 x 0 c]ta9 t 8 day's "w 0 ne>ly at an end4 ,x 0 absolutely necess>y t ! rule ( total ab/95ce be rigidly en=c$1 if we w\ld accompli% our day's task4 ,! use ( liquor z a bev]age :5 we _h "w on h&1 9 t t]rific cold1 0 out ( ! "q4 ,m5 :o are 9 tra9+ = runn+1 r[+1 & o!r conte/s :]e great /r5g? is requir$1 d5y !mselves all liquors1 ev5 :5 !y are ord9>ily accu/om$ to _! use4 ,dr4 ,ri*>dson made "s int]e/+ exp]im5ts to %[ ! influ5ce ( alcohol ^u muscul> contraction4 ,he c>efully weight$ ! h9d leg ( a frog1 &1 by means ( electricity1 /imulat+ ! muscle to its utmo/ p[] ( contraction1 he f\nd out h[ mu* ! frog c\ld lift4 ,!n adm9i/]+ alcohol1 he discov]$ t ! response ( ! muscle to ! electrical curr5t became feebl] & feebl]1 z ! n>cotic began to take effect1 until1 at la/1 ! animal c\ld raise less ?an half ! am\nt x lift$ by ! natural contraction :5 un9flu5c$ by alcohol4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,wa/e ,,( ,,! ,,body4--,! t5d5cy ( alcohol is to cause a =mation ( an un/able sub/ance resembl+ fat1 ,footnote3 ,! molecul> deposits equaliz+ ! wa/e ( ! sy/em d n g on regul>ly "u ! influ5ce ( alcohol2 ! tissues are n kept up to _! /&>d2 &1 9 "t1 _! composition is *ang$ by a deposit ( an amorph\s matt] resembl+ fat4 ,?is is an un/able sub/ance1 & ! functions ( animal life all retrograde4--,,hubb>d1 ,! ,opium ,habit & ,alcoholism4 & s ! use ( liquor = ev5 a %ort "t w increase ! weight4 ,b a m m>k$ influ5ce is to *eck ! ord9>y wa/e ( ! sy/em1 s t ! am\nt ( c>bonic acid exhal$ f ! lungs may be r$uc$ z mu* z ?irty to fifty p] c5t4--,,h9ton4 ,! life process is "o ( incessant *ange4 ,its rapidity is ess5tial to vigor & /r5g?4 ,:5 ! functions are 9 full play1 ea* organ is be+ con/antly torn d[n1 & z con/antly rebuilt ) ! mat]ials furni%$ f our food4 ,any?+ t *ecks ?is oxidation ( ! tissues1 or h9d]s ! deposition ( new matt]1 di/urbs ! vital functions4 ,bo? ^! results are ! inevitable effects ( alcohol2 =1 s9ce ! blood conta9s less oxyg5 & m c>bonic acid1 & ! p[] ( assimilat+ ! food is decreas$1 x foll[s t e process ( wa/e & repair mu/ be correspond+ly weak5$4 ,! p]son us+ liquor consequ5tly ne$s less bread & beef1 & s alcohol seems to him a food--a radical error1 z we h %[n4 ,,alcohol ,,creates ,a ,,progressive ,,appetite ,,= ,,itself4--,:5 liquor is tak51 ev5 9 ! mo/ mod]ate quantity1 x soon becomes necess>y1 & !n arises a crav+ dem& = an increas$ am\nt to produce ! orig9al effect4 ,no food creates ?is con/antly augm5t+ want4 ,a cup ( milk drank at d9n] does n lead "o to g on1 day by day1 dr9k+ m & m milk1 until to get milk becomes ! "o great long+ ( ! :ole be+4 ,yet ?is is ! almo/ univ]sal effect ( alcohol4 ,hung] is satisfi$ by any nutriti\s food3 ! dram-dr9k]'s ?ir/ dem&s alcohol4 ,! common exp]i5ce ( mank9d tea*es u ! imm95t p]il t att5ds ! =mation ( ?is progressive poison habit4 ,a s+le glass tak5 z a tonic may lead to ! drunk>d's grave4 ,worse ?an ?is1 ! alcoholic crav+ may be transmitt$ f fa!r to son1 & "y p]sons (t5 f9d !mselves curs$ ) a t]rible disease kn[n z alcoholism--a ke51 morbid appetite = liquor t dem&s gratification at any co/--/amp$ ^u _! v be+ ?r\gh ! reckless indulg5ce ( ?is habit on ! "p ( "s "o ( _! ance/ors4 ,footnote3 ,! ,am]ican ,m$ical ,association1 at _! meet+ 9 ,/4 ,paul1 ,m9nesota 7#ahhc71 re/at$ 9 a s]ies ( resolutions _! conviction1 t alcohol %\ld be class$ ) o!r p[]ful drugs2 t :5 prescrib$ m$ically1 x %\ld be done ) consci5ti\s caution & a s5se ( great responsibility2 t us$ z a bev]age x is productive ( a l>ge am\nt ( physical & m5tal disease2 t x entails diseas$ & enfeebl$ con/itutions ^u (fspr+1 & t x is ! cause ( a l>ge p]c5tage ( ! crime & paup]ism ( our l>ge cities & c\ntry4 ,,! ,,law ,,( ,,h]$ity is1 9 ?is connection1 well wor? consid]ation4 ,! _w is beg9n+ to p]ceive1 says ,francis ,galton1 t ! life ( ea* individual is1 9 "s real s5se1 a cont9uation ( ! lives ( 8 ance/ors4 ,ea* ( u is ! foot+ up ( a d\ble column ( figures t goes back to ! fir/ pair4 ,we are omnibuses1 rem>ks ,holmes1 9 :i* all our ance/ors ride4 ,we inh]it f our p>5ts our features1 our physical vigor1 our m5tal faculties1 & ev5 mu* ( our moral "*4 ,(t51 :5 "o g5]ation is skipp$1 ! qualities w reappe> 9 ! foll[+ "o4 ,! virtues1 z well z ! vices1 ( our =efa!rs1 h add$ to1 or subtract$ f1 ! /r5g? ( our bra9 & muscle4 ,! evil t5d5cies ( our natures1 :i* x is ! /ruggle ( our lives to resi/1 con/itute a "p ( our heirlooms f ! pa/4 ,our desc5dants1 9 turn1 w h reason to bless u only if we h& d[n to !m a pure heal?y physical1 m5tal1 & moral be+4 ,!re is a m>k$ t5d5cy 9 nature to transmit all diseas$ conditions4 ,?us1 ! *ildr5 ( consumptive p>5ts are apt to be consumptives4 ,b ( all ag5ts1 alcohol is ! mo/ pot5t 9 e/abli%+ a h]$ity t exhibits itself 9 ! de/ruction ( m9d & body4 ,footnote3 ,ne>ly all ! diseases spr++ f indulg5ce 9 di/ill$ & f]m5t$ liquors are liable to become h]$it>y1 & to desc5d to at lea/ ?ree or f\r g5]ations1 unless />v$ out by uncompromis+ ab/95ce4 ,b ! di/ress+ aspect ( ! h]$ity ( alcohol is ! transmitt$ dr9k- crave4 ,?is is no dream ( an en?usia/1 b ! result ( a natural law4 ,m5 & wom5 ^u :om ?is dread inh]itance has be5 =c$ are ev]y:]e ar\nd u1 bravely /ruggl+ to lead a sob] life4--,,dr4 ,,norman ,,k]r4 ,its malign influ5ce 0 obs]v$ by ! anci5ts long be=e ! production ( :iskey or br&y1 or o!r di/ill$ liquors1 & :5 f]m5t$ liquors or w9es only 7 kn[n4 ,ari/otle says1 ',drunk5 wom5 h *ildr5 l unto !mselves1' & ,plut>* rem>ks1 ',"o drunk>d is ! fa!r ( ano!r4' ,! drunk>d by inh]itance is a m helpless slave ?an 8 prog5itor1 & 8 *ildr5 are m helpless /ill1 unless on ! "m's side !re is an unta9t$ blood4 ,= !re is n only a prop5sity transmitt$1 b an actual disease ( ! n]v\s sy/em4--,,dr4 ,,will>d ,,p>k]4 ,footnote3 ,! subject ( alcohol is cont9u$ 9 ! *apt] on ! ,n]v\s ,sy/em4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,h[ d clo?+ & %elt] economize food8 #b4 ,is x well to take a long walk be=e breakfa/8 #c4 ,:y is w>m food easi] to dige/ ?an cold8 #d4 ,:y is salt beef less nutriti\s ?an fre%8 ,footnote3 ,! ,fr5* ,academicians f\nd t fle% soak$ 9 wat] s z to deprive x ( its m9]al matt] & juices1 lo/ its nutritive value1 & t animals f$ on x soon di$4 ,inde$1 = all purposes ( nutrition1 ,liebig said x 0 no bett] ?an /ones1 & ! utmo/ torm5ts ( hung] 7 h>dly suffici5t to induce !m to cont9ue ! diet4 ,!re 0 pl5ty ( nutritive food1 b !re 0 no m$ium = its solution & absorption1 & h5ce x 0 useless4 #e4 ,:at %\ld be ! food ( a man recov]+ f a fev]8 #f4 ,is a cup ( black c(fee a heal?ful close to a he>ty d9n]8 #g4 ,%\ld ic$ wat] be us$ at a meal8 #h4 ,:y is /rong tea or c(fee injuri\s8 #i4 ,%\ld food or dr9k be tak5 hot8 #aj4 ,are fruitcakes1 ri* pa/ry1 & pudd+s :olesome8 #aa4 ,:y are w>m biscuit & bread h>d ( dige/ion8 #ab4 ,%\ld any /imulants be us$ 9 y\?8 #ac4 ,:y %\ld bread be made spongy8 #ad4 ,:i* %\ld rema9 long] 9 ! m\?1 bread or meat8 #ae4 ,:y %\ld cold wat] be us$ 9 mak+ s\p1 & hot wat] 9 boil+ meat8 #af4 ,"n ! injuri\s effects ( ov]eat+4 #ag4 ,:y d n buck:eat cakes1 ) syrup & butt]1 ta/e z well 9 ,july z 9 ,janu>y8 #ah4 ,:y is a late supp] injuri\s8 #ai4 ,:at makes a man bili\s8 #bj4 ,:at is ! be/ rem$y8 ,ans4 ,diet to give ! organs re/1 & active ex]cise to ar\se ! secretions & ! circulation4 #ba4 ,:at is ! practical use ( hung]8 #bb4 ,h[ c juggl]s dr9k :5 /&+ on _! heads8 #bc4 ,:y d we reli% butt] on bread8 #bd4 ,:at w\ld y d if y _h tak5 ars5ic by mi/ake8 7,see ,app5dix47 #be4 ,:y %\ld ham & sausage be ?or\ghly cook$8 #bf4 ,:y d we wi% butt] on fi%1 eggs ) tapioca1 oil on salad1 & milk ) rice8 #bg4 ,expla9 ! relation ( food to ex]cise4 #bh4 ,h[ d y expla9 ! diff]5ce 9 ! mann] ( eat+ betwe5 c>nivor\s & h]bivor\s animals8 #bi4 ,:y is a *ild's face plump & an old man's wr9kl$8 #cj4 ,%[ h[ life dep5ds on repair & wa/e4 #ca4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! decay ( ! tee? & ! con/ant decay ( ! body8 #cb4 ,%\ld biscuit & cake conta9+ yell[ spots ( soda be eat58 #cc4 ,tell h[ ! body is compos$ ( organs1 h[ organs are made up ( tissues1 & h[ tissues consi/ ( cells4 #cd4 ,:y d we n ne$ to dr9k ?ree p9ts ( wat] p] day8 #ce4 ,:y1 dur+ a pe/il5ce1 are ^? :o use liquors z a bev]age ! fir/1 & (t5 ! only victims8 #cf4 ,:at two secretions seem to h ! same g5]al use8 #cg4 ,h[ may ! dige/ive organs be /r5g!n$8 #ch4 ,is ! old rule1 aft] d9n] sit a:ile1 a good "o8 #ci4 ,:at w\ld y d if y _h tak5 laudanum by mi/ake8 ,p>is ,gre58 ,sug> ( lead8 ,oxalic acid8 ,phosphorus f mat*es8 ,ammonia8 ,corrosive sublimate8 7,see p4 #bfe47 #dj4 ,:at is ! simple/ way to produce vomit+1 s ess5tial 9 case ( accid5tal poison+8 #da4 ,9 :at way does alcohol int]f]e ) ! dige/ion8 #db4 ,is alcohol assimilat$8 #dc4 ,:at is ! effect ( alcohol on ! album9\s sub/ances8 #dd4 ,is !re any n\ri%m5t 9 be]8 #de4 ,%[ h[ ! excessive use ( alcohol may fir/ increase1 &1 aft]w>d1 decrease1 ! size ( ! liv]4 #df4 ,w liquor help "o to endure cold & exposure8 #dg4 ,:at is a fatty deg5]ation ( ! kidneys8 #dh4 ,contra/ ! action ( alcohol & wat] 9 ! body4 #di4 ,is alcohol1 9 any prop] s5se ( ! t]m1 a food8 #ej4 ,does liquor /r5g!n ! muscles ( a work+ man8 #ea4 ,is liquor a :olesome tonic8 #eb4 ,is x a good plan to take a glass ( liquor be=e d9n]8 ,,vii4 ,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em4 ,m>k !n ! clov5 sph]e t holds ,all ?\ghts 9 its my/]i\s folds1 ,t feels s5sation's fa9te/ ?rill1 ,& fla%es =? ! sov]eign w2 ,?9k on ! /ormy _w t dwells ,lock'd 9 its dim & clu/]+ cells2 ,! lightn+ gleams ( p[] x %$s ,along its holl[1 glassy ?reads6 ,z a k+ sits high above 8 subjects ^u 8 ?rone1 & f x speaks behe/s t all obey1 s f ! ?rone ( ! bra9 cells is all ! k+dom ( a man direct$1 controll$1 & influ5c$4 ,= ?is occupant1 ! eyes wat*1 ! e>s he>1 ! tongue ta/es1 ! no/rils smell1 ! sk9 feels4 ,= x1 language is exhau/$ ( its treasures1 & life ( its exp]i5ce2 locomotion is accompli%$1 & quiet insur$4 ,:5 x wills1 body & _s are goad$ l ov]driv5 horses4 ,:5 x all[s1 re/ & sleep may come = recup]ation4 ,9 %ort1 ! slighte/ p5etration may n fail to p]ceive t all o!r p>ts obey ?is "p1 & are b m9i/]s to its necessities4--,odd ,h\rs ( a ,physician4 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em4 #a4 ,,! ,,/ructure #a4 ,description4 #a4 ,! ,bra944444444 #b4 ,! ,c]ebrum4 #c4 ,! ,c]ebellum4 #b4 ,! ,sp9al ,cord44 #a4 ,its ,composition4 #b4 ,m$ulla ,oblongata4 #b4 ,,organs ,,( #a4 ,description4 ,,! ,,n]v- #b4 ,motory & ,s5sory4 ,,ous ,,sy/em44 #c4 ,transf] ( ,pa94 #d4 ,! ,sp9al ,n]ves-- #ca ,pairs4 #c4 ,! ,n]ves4444444 #e4 ,! ,cranial ,n]ves-- #ab ,pairs4 #f4 ,sympa!tic ,sy/em4 #g4 ,cross+ ( ,cords4 #h4 ,reflex ,action4 #i4 ,uses ( ,reflex ,action #a4 ,bra9 ,ex]cise4 #b4 ,connection betwe5 ,bra9 ,gr[? & ,body ,gr[?4 #c4 ,,hygi5e44444 #c4 ,sleep4 #d4 ,effect ( ,sleep+ ,draughts4 #e4 ,sunlight4 #d4 ,,wond]s ,,( ,,! ,,bra94 #a4 ,alcohol 7,con'd47 #a4 ,/age ( ,excitem5t4 #b4 ,/age ( ,muscul> ,weakness4 #a4 ,effect ( ,alco- #c4 ,/age ( ,m5tal hol ^u ! ,weakness4 ,n]v\s ,sy/em #d4 ,/age ( ,unconsci\s- ness4 #b4 ,effect ^u ! ,bra9 #c4 ,effect ^u ! ,m5tal & ,moral ,p[]s4 #b4 ,tobacco4 #a4 ,con/itu5ts ( ,tobacco4 #e4 ,,alcoholic #b4 ,physiological ,effects4 ,,dr9ks ,,& #c4 ,possible ,di/urbances produc$ by ,smok+4 ,,n>cotics4 #d4 ,influ5ce ^u ! ,n]v\s ,sy/em4 #e4 ,is ,tobacco a ,food8 #f4 ,influ5ce ( ,tobacco on ,y\?4 #a4 ,description4 #c4 ,opium444444444444 #b4 ,physiological ,effects4 #d4 ,*loral ,hydrate4 #e4 ,*lor(orm4 #f4 ,coca9e4 ,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em4 ,footnote3 ,! organs ( circulation1 respiration1 & dige/ion1 ( :i* we h already spok51 are (t5 call$ ! vegetative functions1 because !y belong also to ! vegetable k+dom4 ,plants h a circulation ( sap ?r\gh _! cells correspond+ to t ( ! blood ?r\gh ! capill>ies4 ,!y brea! ! air ?r\gh _! leaves1 :i* act ! "p ( lungs1 & !y take 9 food :i* !y *ange into _! own /ructure by a process :i* answ]s to t ( dige/ion4 ,! plant1 h[ev]1 is a m]e collection ( p>ts incapable ( any comb9$ action4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! animal has a n]v\s sy/em :i* b9ds all ! organs toge!r4 ,,/ructure4--,! n]v\s sy/em includes ! bra91 ! sp9al cord1 & ! n]ves4 ,x is compos$ ( two k9ds ( matt]-- ! :ite1 & ! gray4 ,! =m] consi/s ( m9ute1 milk-:ite1 gli/5+ fib]s1 sometimes z small z #a_/bejjj ( an in* 9 diamet]2 ! latt] is made up ( small1 a%5-color$ cells1 =m+ a pulp-l sub/ance ( ! consi/5cy ( blancmange4 ,footnote3 ,9 addition to ! cells1 ! gray sub/ance conta9s also n]ve fib]s cont9u\s ) ! :ite fib]s1 b g5]ally mu* small]4 ,^! =m half ! bulk ( ! gray sub/ance ( ! sp9al cord1 & a l>ge "p ( ! deep] lay] ( ! gray matt] 9 ! bra94--,,leidy',s ,anatomy1 p4 #ejg4 ,?is is (t5 ga!r$ 9 little masses1 t]m$ ganglions 7ganglion1 a knot71 because1 :5 a n]ve passes ?r\gh a gr\p ( ! cells1 !y give x ! appe>ance ( a knot4 ,! n]ve fib]s are conductors1 :ile ! gray cells are g5]ators1 ( n]v\s =ce4 ,footnote3 ,:at ?is =ce is we d n "k4 ,9 "s respects x is l electricity1 b1 9 o!rs1 x diff]s mat]ially4 ,its velocity is ab\t ?irty ?ree met]s p] second4--,popul> ,physics1 p4 #bdd1 ,note4 ,! ganglia1 or n]v\s c5t]s1 answ] to ! /ations along a telegraphic l9e1 :]e messages are receiv$ & transmitt$1 & ! fib]s correspond to ! wires t communicate betwe5 diff]5t p>ts4 ,,fig4 #ej4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,n]v\s ,sy/em4 ,a1 c]ebrum2 ,b1 c]ebellum4 ,! ,,bra9 is ! seat ( ! m9d4 ,footnote3 ,9 proportion to ! re/ ( ! n]v\s matt] 9 ! body1 x is l>g] 9 man ?an 9 any ( ! l[] animals4 ,x is ! function :i* ! bra9 p]=ms t di/+ui%es man f all o!r animals1 & x is by ! action ( 8 bra9 t he becomes a consci\s1 intellig5t1 & responsible be+4 ,! bra9 is ! seat ( t k :i* we express :5 we say ,i4 ,i "k x1 ,i feel x1 ,i saw x1 are expressions ( our individual consci\sness1 ! seat ( :i* is ! bra94 ,x is :5 ! bra9 is at re/ 9 sleep t !re is lea/ consci\sness4 ,! bra9 may be put "u ! influ5ce ( poisons1 su* z alcohol & *lor(orm1 & !n ! body is )\t consci\sness4 ,f ^! & o!r facts ! bra9 is reg>d$ z ! seat ( consci\sness4--,,lanke/]4 ,its av]age weight is ab\t fifty ounces4 ,footnote3 ,cuvi]'s bra9 weigh$ #fd #a_/b ounces2 ,web/]'s1 #ec #a_/b ounces2 ,james ,fisk's1 #eh ounces2 ,rul(f's1 #ei ounces2 an idiot's1 #ai ounces4 ,see ,table 9 ,,fl9t',s ,n]v\s ,sy/em4 ,x is egg-%ap$1 &1 s(t & yield+1 fills closely ! cavity ( ! skull4 ,x reposes securely on a wat] b$1 be+ surr\nd$ by a d\ble membrane 7ara*noid71 delicate z a spid]'s web1 :i* =ms a clos$ sac fill$1 l ! spaces 9 ! bra9 itself1 ) a liquid resembl+ wat]4 ,)9 ?is1 & closely inve/+ ! bra91 is a f9e tissue 7pia mat]71 ) a me% ( blood vessels :i* dips d[n into ! holl[s1 & ba!s !m s copi\sly t x uses "o fif? ( ! entire circulation ( ! body4 ,ar\nd ! :ole is wrapp$ a t\gh membrane 7dura mat]71 :i* l9es ! bony box ( ! skull1 & sep>ates ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! organ by /rong p>titions4 ,! bra9 consi/s ( two p>ts--! c]ebrum1 & ! c]ebellum4 ,! ,,c]ebrum fills ! front & upp] "p ( ! skull1 & comprises ab\t sev5 eigh?s ( ! entire weight ( ! bra94 ,z animals rise 9 ! scale ( life1 ?is high] "p makes its appe>ance4 ,x is a mass ( :ite fib]s1 ) cells ( gray matt] spr9kl$ on ! outside1 or lodg$ "h & !re 9 ganglia4 ,x is s curi\sly wr9kl$ & fold$ z /rik+ly to resemble ! meat ( an ,engli% walnut4 ,?is /ructure gives a l>ge surface = ! gray matt]1--sometimes z mu* z six hundr$ & sev5ty squ>e in*es4 ,! convolutions are n noticeable 9 an infant1 b increase ) ! gr[? ( ! m9d1 _! dep? & intricacy be+ *>act]i/ic ( high m5tal p[]4 ,,fig4 #ea4 ,illu/ration3 ,surface ( ! ,c]ebrum4 ,! c]ebrum is divid$ into two hemisph]es1 connect$ b5ea? by fib]s ( :ite matt]4 ,?us we h two bra9s1 ,footnote3 ,?is d\bl5ess has giv5 rise to "s curi\s speculations4 ,9 ! case ( ! h&1 eye1 etc1 we "k t ! s5sation is made m sure4 ,?us we c see ) "o eye1 b n s well z ) bo?4 ,x is p]haps ! same ) ! bra94 ,we may sometimes c>ry on a tra9 ( ?\ght1 build an air ca/le ) "o half ( our bra91 :ile ! o!r half looks on & wat*es ! op]ation2 or1 we may read & at ! same "t ?9k ( some?+ else4 ,s 9 delirium1 a pati5t (t5 imag9es himself two p]sons1 ?us %[+ a want ( h>mony betwe5 ! two halves4--,,drap]1 ,human ,physiology1 p4 #cbj4 z well z two h&s & two eyes4 ,?is provides u ) a surplus ( bra9s1 z x 71 :i* c be drawn ^u 9 an em]g5cy4 ,a l>ge "p ( "o hemisph]e has be5 de/roy$ )\t p>ticul>ly injur+ ! m5tal p[]s1 ,footnote3 ,a po9t$ iron b>1 ?ree & a half feet long & "o in* & a qu>t] 9 diamet]1 0 driv5 by ! premature bla/+ ( a rock completely ?r\gh ! side ( ! head ( a man :o 0 pres5t4 ,x ent]$ bel[ ! temple1 & made its exit at ! top ( ! =ehead1 j ab\t ! middle l9e4 ,! man 0 at fir/ /unn$1 & lay 9 a deliri\s1 semi/upefi$ /ate = ab\t ?ree weeks4 ,at ! end ( sixte5 mon?s1 h[ev]1 he 0 9 p]fect heal?1 ) w\nds heal$ & m5tal & bodily functions unimpair$1 except t sight 0 lo/ 9 ! eye ( ! injur$ side4-- ,,dalton4 ,x is noticeable1 h[ev]1 t ! man became *ang$ 9 disposition1 fickle1 impati5t ( re/ra9t1 & pr(ane1 :i* he 0 n be=e4 ,he di$ epileptic1 ne>ly ?irte5 ye>s aft] ! injury4 ,! tamp+ iron & ! skull are pres]v$ 9 ! ,w>r5 ,anatomical ,museum1 ,bo/on4--j z a p]son has be5 bl9d 9 "o eye = a long "t )\t hav+ discov]$ 8 loss4 ,! c]ebrum is ! c5t] ( intellig5ce & ?\ght4 ,footnote3 ,9 man1 ! c]ebrum pres5ts an imm5se prepond]ance 9 weight ov] o!r portions ( ! bra92 9 "s ( ! l[] animals1 ! c]ebrum is ev5 less 9 weight ?an ! c]ebellum4 ,ano!r int]e/+ po9t is ! developm5t ( c]ebral convolutions 9 c]ta9 animals1 by :i* ! relative am\nt ( gray matt] is increas$4 ,9 fi%es1 reptiles1 & birds1 ! surface ( ! hemisph]es is smoo?2 b1 9 _m mammalia1 especially 9 ^? rem>kable = intellig5ce1 ! c]ebrum pres5ts a great] or less numb] ( convolutions1 z x does 9 ! human subject4--,,fl9t4 ,! av]age weight ( ! human bra9 9 proportion to ! entire body is ab\t #a to #cf4 ,! av]age ( mammalia is #a to #ahf2 ( birds1 #a to #bab2 ( reptiles1 #a to #a1cba2 & ( fi%es1 #a to #e1ffh4 ,!re are "s animals 9 :i* ! weight ( ! bra9 be>s a high] proportion to ! body ?an x does 9 man2 ?us 9 ! blue-head$ tit1 ! proportion is z #a to #ab2 9 ! goldf9*1 z #a to #bd2 & 9 ! field m\se1 z #a to #ca4 ,x does n h5ce foll[1 h[ev]1 t ! c]ebrum is l>g] 9 proportion2 9 fact1 x is probably n ne>ly s l>ge2 = 9 birds & rod5t animals ! s5sory ganglia =m a v consid]able portion ( ! entire bra94 ,m4 ,baill>g] has %[n t ! surface & ! bulk ( ! c]ebral hemisph]es are s f> f be>+ any con/ant proportion to ea* o!r 9 diff]5t animals t1 not)/&+ ! dep? ( ! convolutions 9 ! human c]ebrum1 its bulk is two & a half times z great 9 proportion to its surface z x is 9 ! rabbit1 ! surface ( ^: c]ebrum is smoo?4 ,! size ( ! c]ebrum1 consid]$ alone1 is n1 h[ev]1 a fair te/ ( its intellectual p[]4 ,?is dep5ds ^u ! quantity ( vesicul> matt] :i* x conta9s1 z ev9c$ n only by sup]ficial area1 b by ! numb] & dep? ( ! convolutions & by ! ?ickness ( ! cortical lay]4--,,c>p5t]4 ,p]sons 9 :om x is s]i\sly injur$ or diseas$ (t5 become unable to conv]se intellig5tly1 bo? f inability to rememb] words & f loss ( p[] to articulate !m4 ,,! ,,c]ebellum lies bel[ ! c]ebrum1 & 9 ! back "p ( ! head 7,fig4 #ej74 ,x is ab\t ! size ( a small fi/4 ,its /ructure is simil> to t ( ! bra9 prop]1 b in/ead ( convolutions x has p>allel ridges1 :i*1 lett+ ! gray matt] d[n deeply into ! :ite matt] )91 give x a peculi> appe>ance1 call$ ! arbor vit1 or tree ( life 7,fig4 #ee74 ,?is "p ( ! bra9 is ! c5t] = ! control ( ! volunt>y muscles1 ,footnote3 ,! exact nature ( ! functions ( ! c]ebellum is "o ( ^? problems conc]n+ :i* !re is no unanimity ( op9ion among/ physiologi/s4 ,x may be premis$1 h[ev]1 t ! k we at pres5t possess does enable u to come to "o v important conclusion ) respect to ! functions ( ! c]ebellum1--x enables u to say t ?is organ has no indep5d5t function ei!r 9 ! prov9ce ( m9d or 9 ! prov9ce ( motility4 ,& we may p]haps safely affirm /ill fur!r1 t ! c]ebellum is mu* m intimately conc]n$ ) ! production ( bodily movem5ts ?an ) ! evolution ( m5tal ph5om5a4 ,! anatomical di/9ctness ( ! c]ebellum f ! l>g] bra9 & o!r p>ts ( ! n]v\s sy/em is m app>5t ?an real4444,t !re is an habitual community ( action betwe5 ! c]ebellum & ! sp9al cord is1 ,i believe1 d\bt$ by none1 & ! fact t an intimate functional relation%ip exi/s betwe5 ! c]ebrum & ! c]ebellum is %[n by ! circum/ance t atrophy ( "o c]ebral hemisph]e entails a correspond+ atrophy ( ! opposite half ( ! c]ebellum4 ,! subord9ate or supplem5t>y nature ( ! c]ebell> function1 h[ev]1 9 ?is latt] relation seems equally well %[n by ! fact t atrophy ( "o side ( ! c]ebellum 7:5 x occurs z ! prim>y ev5t7 does n entail any appreciable wa/+ 9 ! opposite half ( ! c]ebrum4 ,:at o!r conclusion c be drawn8 ,if ! cutt+ (f ( c]ta9 c]ebral /imuli leads to a wa/+ ( ! opposite half ( ! c]ebellum1 ?is w\ld seem to %[ t ea* half ( ! c]ebellum is naturally call$ into activity 9 response to1 or conjo9tly )1 ! opposite c]ebral hemisph]e4 ,:il/ conv]sely1 if atrophy ( "o half ( ! c]ebellum does n entail a relative dim9ution 9 ! opposite c]ebral hemisph]e1 ?is w\ld g to %[ t ! c]ebral hemisph]es d n act 9 response to c]ebell> /imuli1 s9ce _! nutrition does n suff] :5 su* /imuli are c]ta9ly abs5t4 ,! action ( ! c]ebrum is !re=e %[n to be prim>y1 :il/ t ( ! c]ebellum is second>y or subord9ate 9 ! p]=mance ( ^? functions 9 :i* !y are bo? conc]n$4--,h4 ,,*>lton ,,ba/ian1 ,p>alysis f ,bra9 ,disease4 p>ticul>ly ^? ( locomotion4 ,p]sons 9 :om x is injur$ or diseas$ walk ) tott]+ & unc]ta9 movem5ts z if intoxicat$1 & c n p]=m any ord]ly "w4 ,,! ,,sp9al ,,cord occupies ! cavity ( ! backbone4 ,x is protect$ by ! same membranes z ! bra91 b1 unlike x1 ! :ite matt] is on ! outside1 & ! gray matt] is )94 ,deep fissures sep>ate x into halves 7,fig4 #ej71 :i* are1 h[ev]1 jo9$ by a bridge ( ! same sub/ance4 ,j z x />ts f ! bra91 !re is an expansion call$ ! m$ulla oblongata 7,fig4 #ee74 ,,! ,,n]ves are gli/5+1 silv]y ?reads1 compos$1 l ! sp9al cord1 ( :ite matt] )\t & gray )94 ,!y ramify to all p>ts ( ! body4 ,(t5 !y are v ne> ea* o!r1 yet are p]fectly di/9ct1 ea* convey+ its own impression4 ,footnote3 ,press two f+]s toge!r1 &1 clos+ ! eyes1 let "s "o pass ! po9t ( a p9 lightly f "o to ! o!r2 y w be able to tell :i* is t\*$1 yet if ! n]ves came 9 contact ) ea* o!r any:]e 9 _! long r\te to ! bra91 y c\ld n ?us di/+ui%4 ,^? :i* c>ry ! ord]s ( ! m9d to ! diff]5t organs are call$ ! motory n]ves2 :ile ^? :i* br+ back impressions :i* !y receive are /yl$ s5sory n]ves4 ,if ! s5sory n]ve lead+ to any "p be cut1 all s5sation 9 t spot w be lo/1 :ile motion w rema92 if ! motory n]ve be cut1 all motion w be de/roy$1 :ile s5sation w exi/ z be=e4 ,,transf] ,,( ,,pa94--,/rictly speak+1 pa9 is n 9 any organ1 b 9 ! m9d1 s9ce only t c feel4 ,:5 any n]ve br+s news to ! bra9 ( an injury1 ! m9d ref]s ! pa9 to ! end ( ! n]ve4 ,a famili> illu/ration is se5 9 ! funny bone beh9d ! elb[4 ,"h ! n]ve 7uln>7 gives s5sation to ! ?ird & f\r? f+]s1 9 :i*1 if ?is bone be /ruck1 ! pa9 w seem to be4 ,long aft] a limb has be5 amputat$1 pa9 w be felt 9 x1 z if x /ill =m$ a "p ( ! body--any injury 9 ! /ump be+ ref]r$ to ! po9t to :i* ! n]ve =m]ly l$4 ,footnote3 ,only ab\t five p] c5t4 ( ^? :o suff] amputation lose ! feel+ ( ! "p tak5 away4 ,!re is some?+ tragical1 almo/ gha/ly1 9 ! idea ( a _s limb haunt+ a man ?r\gh 8 life1 & betray+ him 9 ungu>d$ mom5ts into "s ef=t1 ! failure ( :i* sudd5ly rem9ds him ( 8 loss4 ,a gallant fell[1 :o _h left an arm at ,%iloh1 once1 :5 rid+1 attempt$ to use 8 lo/ h& to grasp ! re9s :ile ) ! o!r he /ruck 8 horse4 ,a t]rible fall 0 ! result ( 8 mi/ake4 ,:5 ! curr5t ( a batt]y is appli$ to ! n]ves ( an arm /ump1 ! irritation is c>ri$ to ! bra91 & ref]r$ to all ! regions ( ! lo/ limb4 ,on "o occasion a man's %\ld] 0 ?us electriz$ ?ree in*es above ! po9t :]e ! limb 0 cut (f4 ,= two ye>s he _h ceas$ to be consci\s ( 8 limb4 ,z ! electric curr5t pass$ ?r\gh1 ! man1 :o _h be5 pr(\ndly ignorant ( its possible effects1 />t$ up1 cry+1 ,oh1 ! h&6 ! h&6 & tri$ to seize x ) ! liv+ grasp ( ! s\nd f+]s4 ,no resurrection ( ! dead c\ld h be5 m />tl+4--,,dr4 ,,mit*ell on ,phantom ,limbs 9 ,lipp9cott's ,magaz9e4 ,! n]ves are divid$ into ?ree g5]al classes--! sp9al1 ! cranial1 & ! sympa!tic4 ,,fig4 #ed4 ,illu/ration3 ,p1 po/]ior root ( a sp9al n]ve2 ,g1 ganglion2 ,a1 ant]ior root2 ,s1 sp9al n]ve4 ,! :ite portions ( ! figure repres5t ! :ite fib]s2 & ! d>k1 ! gray4 ,,! ,,sp9al ,,n]ves1 ( :i* !re are ?irty-"o pairs1 issue f ! sp9al cord ?r\gh ap]tures provid$ = !m 9 ! backbone4 ,ea* n]ve arises by two roots2 ! ant]ior is ! motory1 & ! po/]ior ! s5sory "o4 ,! po/]ior alone connects directly ) ! gray matt] ( ! cord1 & has a small ganglion ( gray matt] ( its own at a little di/ance f its orig94 ,^! roots soon unite1 i4 e41 are b\nd up 9 "o %ea?1 ?\gh !y pres]ve _! special functions4 ,:5 ! po/]ior root ( a n]ve is cut1 ! animal loses ! p[] ( feel+1 & :5 ! ant]ior root is cut1 t ( motion4 ,,! ,,cranial ,,n]ves1 twelve pairs 9 numb]1 spr+ f ! l[] "p ( ! bra9 & ! m$ulla oblongata4 #a4 ,! olfactory1 or fir/ pair ( n]ves1 ramify ?r\gh ! no/rils1 & are ! n]ves ( smell4 #b4 ,! optic1 or second pair ( n]ves1 pass to ! eyeballs1 & are ! n]ves ( vision4 #c1 #d1 #f4 ,! motores oculi 7eye mov]s7 are ?ree pairs ( n]ves us$ to move ! eyes4 #e4 ,! trifacial1 or fif? pair ( n]ves1 divide ea* into ?ree bran*es--h5ce ! "n--! fir/ to ! upp] "p ( ! face1 eyes1 & nose2 ! second to ! upp] jaw & tee?2 ! ?ird to ! l[] jaw & ! m\?1 :]e x =ms ! n]ve ( ta/e4 ,^! n]ves are implicat$ :5 we h ! too?a*e or neuralgia4 #g4 ,! facial1 or sev5? pair ( n]ves1 are di/ribut$ ov] ! face1 & give x expression4 ,footnote3 ,if x is palsi$1 on "o side !re w be a blank1 :ile ! o!r side w laugh or cry1 & ! :ole face w look funny inde$4 ,!re 7 "s cruel p 9 ! middle ages :o us$ to cut ! n]ve & de=m *ildr5's faces 9 ?is way1 = ! purpose ( mak+ money ( !m at %[s4 ,:5 ?is n]ve 0 wrongly suppos$ to be ! seat ( neuralgia1 or tic d\l\reux1 x 0 (t5 cut by surgeons4 ,! pati5t suff]$ _m dang]s1 & no relief ( pa9 0 ga9$4--,,mapo!r4 ,,fig4 #ee4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,bra9 & ! orig9 ( ! twelve pairs ( ,cranial ,n]ves4 ,f1 ,e1 ! c]ebrum2 ,d1 ! c]ebellum1 %[+ ! arbor vit2 ,g1 ! eye2 ,h1 ! m$ulla oblongata2 ,a1 ! sp9al cord2 ,c & ,b1 ! fir/ two pairs ( sp9al n]ves4 #h4 ,! auditory1 or eigh? pair ( n]ves1 g to ! e>s1 & are ! n]ves ( he>+4 #i4 ,! glos-s-pha-ryn'-ge-al1 or n9? pair ( n]ves1 are di/ribut$ ov] ! muc\s membrane ( ! ph>ynx1 tonsils1 etc4 #aj4 ,! pneu-mo-gas'-tric1 or t5? pair ( n]ves1 preside ov] ! l>ynx1 lungs1 liv]1 /oma*1 & "o bran* ext5ds to ! he>t4 ,?is is ! only n]ve :i* goes s f> f ! head4 #aa4 ,! accessory1 or elev5? pair ( n]ves1 rise f ! sp9al cord1 run up to ! m$ulla oblongata1 & !nce leave ! skull at ! same op5+ ) ! n9? & t5? pairs4 ,!y regulate ! vocal movem5ts ( ! l>ynx4 #ab4 ,! hyp-o-glos'-sal1 or twelf? pair ( n]ves1 give motion to ! tongue4 ,,fig4 #ef4 ,illu/ration3 ,sp9al ,n]ve1 ,sympa!tic ,cord1 & ! ,network ( ,sympa!tic ,n]ves ar\nd ! ,int]nal ,organs4 ,k1 aorta2 ,a1 ophagus2 ,b1 diaphragm2 ,c1 /oma*4 ,,! ,,sympa!tic ,,sy/em conta9s ! n]ves ( organic life4 ,x consi/s ( a d\ble *a9 ( ganglia on ei!r side ( ! backbone1 ext5d+ into ! *e/ & abdom54 ,f1 ^!1 delicate n]ves1 g5]ally s(t & ( a grayi% color1 run to ! organs on :i* life dep5ds--! he>t1 lungs1 /oma*1 etc4--to ! blood vessels1 & to ! sp9al & cranial n]ves ov] ! body4 ,?us ! entire sy/em is b\nd toge!r ) cords ( sympa?y1 s t1 if "o memb] suff]s1 all ! memb]s suff] ) x4 ,"h lies ! secret ( ! control ex]cis$ by ! bra9 ov] all ! vital op]ations4 ,e organ responds to its *ang+ moods1 especially ^? ( respiration1 circulation1 dige/ion1 & secretion1--processes intimately l9k$ ) ?is sy/em1 & controll$ by x4 7,see p4 #ccj47 ,,cross+ ,,( ,,cords4--,ea* half ( ! body is presid$ ov]1 n by its own half ( ! bra91 b t ( ! opposite side4 ,! motory n]ves1 z !y desc5d f ! bra91 9 ! m$ulla oblongata1 cross ea* o!r to ! opposite side ( ! sp9al cord4 ,s ! motor n]ves ( ! "r side ( ! body are connect$ ) ! left side ( ! bra91 & vice v]sa4 ,?us a d]angem5t 9 "o half ( ! bra9 may p>alyze ! opposite half ( ! body4 ,! n]ves go+ to ! face d n ?us cross1 & !re=e ! face may be motionless on "o side1 & ! limbs on ! o!r4 ,ea* ( ! s5sory fib]s ( ! sp9al n]ves crosses ov] to ! opposite side ( ! sp9al cord1 & s asc5ds to ! bra92 an injury to ! sp9al cord may1 !re=e1 cause a loss ( motion 9 "o leg & ( feel+ 9 ! o!r4 ,,reflex ,,action4--,s9ce ! gray matt] g5]ates ! n]v\s =ce1 a ganglion is capable ( receiv+ an impression1 & ( s5d+ back or reflect+ x s z to excite ! muscles to action4 ,?is is done )\t ! consci\sness ( ! m9d4 ,footnote3 ,in/ances ( an unconsci\s work+ ( ! m9d are abundant4 ,an illu/ration1 (t5 quot$1 is giv51 z foll[s1 by ,dr4 ,ab]crombie1 9 8 ,intellectual ,p[]s3 ,a lawy] _h be5 excessively p]plex$ ab\t a v complicat$ "q4 ,an op9ion 0 requir$ f him1 b ! "q 0 "o ( su* difficulty t he felt v unc]ta9 h[ he %\ld r5d] x4 ,! decision _h to be giv5 at a c]ta9 "t1 & he awoke 9 ! morn+ ( t day ) a feel+ ( great di/ress4 ,he said to 8 wife1 ',i _h a dream1 & ! :ole ?+ 0 cle>ly arrang$ be=e my m9d1 & ,i w\ld give any?+ to recov] ! tra9 ( ?\ght4' ,8 wife said to him1 ',g & look on y\r table4' ,%e _h se5 him get up 9 ! night & g to 8 table & sit d[n & write4 ,he did s1 & f\nd !re ! op9ion :i* he _h be5 mo/ e>ne/ly endeavor+ to recov]1 ly+ 9 8 own h&writ+4 ,!re 0 no d\bt ab\t x :atev]4 ,9 ?is case ! action ( ! bra9 0 cle>ly automatic1 i4 e41 reflex4 ,! lawy] _h worri$ 8 bra9 by 8 anxiety1 & ?us prev5t$ 8 m9d f do+ its be/4 ,b x _h receiv$ an impulse 9 a c]ta9 direction1 & :5 left to itself1 work$ out ! result4 7,see ,app5dix = o!r illu/rations47 ,?us we w9k involunt>ily at a fla% ( light or a ?reat5$ bl[4 ,footnote3 ,a v em95t *emi/ a few ye>s ago 0 mak+ an exp]im5t ^u "s extremely explosive comp\nd :i* he _h discov]$4 ,he _h a small quantity ( ?is comp\nd 9 a bottle1 & 0 hold+ x up to ! light1 look+ at x int5tly2 & :e!r x 0 a %ake ( ! bottle or ! w>m? ( 8 h&1 ,i d n "k1 b x explod$ 9 8 h&1 & ! bottle 0 %iv]$ into a million ( m9ute fragm5ts1 :i* 7 driv5 9 e direction4 ,8 fir/ impression 0 t !y _h p5etrat$ 8 eyes1 b to 8 int5se relief he f\nd pres5tly t !y _h only /ruck ! outside ( 8 eyelids4 ,y may conceive h[ inf9itesimally %ort ! int]val 0 betwe5 ! explosion ( ! bottle & ! p>ticles rea*+ 8 eyes2 & yet 9 t int]val ! impression _h be5 made ^u 8 sight1 ! m&ate ( ! reflex action1 s to speak1 _h gone =?1 ! muscles ( 8 eyelids _h be5 call$ into action1 & he _h clos$ 8 eyelids be=e ! p>ticles _h rea*$ !m1 & 9 ?is mann] 8 eyes 7 sav$4 ,y see :at a wond]ful pro( ?is is ( ! way 9 :i* ! automatic action ( our n]v\s app>atus ent]s into ! su/5ance ( our lives1 & ! protection ( our mo/ important organs f injury4-- ,,dr4 ,,c>p5t]4 ,we />t at a sudd5 s\nd4 ,we jump back f a precipice be=e ! m9d has "t to reason ^u ! dang]4 ,! sp9al cord conducts c]ta9 impressions to ! bra91 b responds to o!rs )\t tr\bl+ t organ4 ,footnote3 ,!re is a /ory told ( a man1 :o1 hav+ injur$ 8 sp9al cord1 _h lo/ feel+ & motion 9 8 l[] extremities4 ,dr4 ,john ,hunt] exp]im5t$ ^u him4 ,tickl+ 8 feet1 he ask$ him if he felt x2 ! man1 po9t+ to 8 limbs1 :i* 7 kick+ vigor\sly ab\t1 answ]$1 ,no1 b y see my legs d4 ,illu/rations ( ?is indep5d5t action ( ! sp9al cord are common 9 animals4 ,a headless wasp w ply its /+ en]getically4 ,a f[l1 aft] its head is cut (f1 w flap its w+s & jump ab\t z if 9 pa91 al?\gh1 ( c\rse1 all s5sation has ceas$4 ,a wat] beetle1 hav+ _h its head remov$1 rema9$ motionless z long z x re/$ on a dry surface1 b :5 ca/ into wat]1 x execut$ ! usual swimm+ motions ) great en]gy & rapidity1 /rik+ all its comrades to "o side by its viol5ce1 & p]si/+ 9 ^! = m ?an half an h\r4 ,! m$ulla oblongata c>ries on ! process ( respiration4 ,! great sympa!tic sy/em b9ds toge!r all ! organs ( ! body4 ,,uses ,,( ,,reflex ,,action4--,we brea! eighte5 times e m9ute2 we /& erect )\t a consci\sness ( ef=t2 ,footnote3 ,9 ?is way we acc\nt = ! p]il\s feats p]=m$ by ! somnambuli/4 ,he is n consci\s1 z 8 op]ations are n direct$ by ! c]ebrum1 b by ! o!r n]v\s c5t]s4 ,7 he to attempt _! repetition :5 awake1 ! emotion ( fe> might r5d] x impossible4 we walk1 eat1 dige/1 & at ! same "t c>ry on a tra9 ( ?\ght4 ,our bra9 is ?us emancipat$ f ! petty detail ( life4 ,if we 7 oblig$ to att5d to e brea?1 e pulsation ( ! he>t1 e w9k ( ! eye1 our "t w\ld be wa/$ 9 keep+ alive4 ,m]e /&+ w\ld require our entire att5tion4 ,besides1 an act :i* at fir/ dem&s all our ?\ght soon requires less1 & at la/ becomes me*anical1 ,footnote3 ,z e "o kn[s1 says ,huxley1 x takes a soldi] a long "t to le>n 8 drill-- = in/ance1 to put himself into ! attitude ( 'att5tion' at ! in/ant ! ^w ( comm& is he>d4 ,b1 aft] a "t1 ! s\nd ( ! ^w gives rise to ! act1 :e!r ! soldi] be ?9k+ ( x or n4 ,!re is a /ory1 :i* is cr$ible en\gh1 ?\gh x may n be true1 ( a practical jok]1 :o1 see+ a dis*>g$ vet]an c>ry+ home 8 d9n]1 sudd5ly call$ out ',att5tion6' :]eupon ! man in/antly br\ght 8 h&s d[n & lo/ 8 mutton & potatoes 9 ! gutt]4 ,! drill _h be5 ?or\gh1 & its effects _h become embodi$ 9 ! man's n]v\s /ructure4 z we say1 i4 e41 reflex4 ,?us we play a famili> tune ^u an in/rum5t & c>ry on a conv]sation at ! same "t4 ,all ! possibilities ( an education & ! p[] ( =m+ habits are bas$ ^u ?is pr9ciple4 ,no act we p]=m ends ) itself4 ,x leaves beh9d x 9 ! n]v\s c5t]s a t5d5cy to d ! same ?+ aga94 ,our physical be+ ?us conspires to fix ^u u ! habits ( a good or an evil life4 ,our v ?\ghts are writt5 9 our muscles1 s t ! expression ( our face & ev5 our features gr[ into h>mony ) ! life we live4 ,,bra9 ,,ex]cise4--,! n]v\s sy/em dem&s its life & activity4 ,! m9d gr[s by :at x fe$s on4 ,"o :o reads ma9ly light lit]ature1 :o lolls on ! s(a or worries ?r\gh ! platitudes ( an idle or fa%ionable life1 decays m5tally2 8 sy/em loses tone1 & physical weakness foll[s m5tal pov]ty4 ,on ! o!r h&1 an excessive use ( ! m9d )draws =ce f ! body1 ^: weakness1 react+ on ! bra91 produces gradual decay & s]i\s diseases4 7,see p4 #cca47 ,! bra9 gr[s by ! gr[? ( ! body4 ,! body gr[s ?r\gh good food1 fre% air1 & "w & re/ 9 suitable proportion4 ,= ! full developm5t & p]fect use ( a /rong m9d1 a /rong body is ess5tial4 ,h5ce1 9 seek+ to exp& & /ore ! intellect1 we %\ld be equally ?\ghtful ( ! gr[? & heal? ( ! body4 ,,sleep ,footnote3 ,sleep procur$ by m$ic9e is r>ely z b5eficial z t secur$ naturally4 ,! di/urbance to ! n]v\s sy/em is (t5 suffici5t to c\nt]balance all ! good results4 ,! habit ( seek+ sleep 9 ?is way1 )\t ! advice ( a physician1 is to be mo/ e>ne/ly deprecat$4 ,! dose mu/ be con/antly increas$ to produce ! effect1 & ?us great injury may be caus$4 ,(t51 too1 :]e laudanum or morph9e is us$1 ! p]son unconsci\sly comes into a t]rible & fatal bondage4 7,see p4 #cdb47 ,especially %\ld infants nev] be dos$ ) cordials1 z is a common family practice4 ,! damage done to helpless *ildhood by ! ignorant & reckless use ( soo?+ syrups is frightful to contemplate4 ,all ! ord9>y sleep+ draughts h life-de/roy+ prop]ties1 z is prov$ by ! fatal effects ( an ov]dose4 ,at ! be/1 !y p>alyze ! n]ve c5t]s1 disord] ! dige/ion1 & poison ! blood4 ,_! promiscu\s use is !re=e full ( dang]4 is z ess5tial z food4 ,dur+ ! day1 ! process ( te>+ d[n goes on2 dur+ ! night1 ! "w ( build+ up %\ld make good ! loss4 ,9 y\? m sleep is ne$$ ?an 9 old age1 :5 nature makes few p]man5t repairs1 & is cont5t ) tempor>y exp$i5ts4 ,! numb] ( h\rs requir$ = sleep mu/ be decid$ by ea* p]son4 ,napoleon took only five h\rs1 b mo/ p ne$ f six to eight h\rs1--bra9 work]s ev5 m4 ,9 g5]al1 "o %\ld sleep until he naturally wakes4 ,if "o's re/ be brok51 x %\ld be made up z soon z possible4 7,see p4 #ccd47 ,,sunlight4--,! influ5ce ( ! sun's rays ^u ! n]v\s sy/em is v m>k$4 ,footnote3 ,! necessity ( light = "y *ildr5 is n half appreciat$4 ,_m ( _! diseases1 & ne>ly all ! cadav]\s looks ( ^? br\ght up 9 great cities1 are ascribable to ! defici5cy ( light & air4 ,:5 we see ! glass room ( ! photograph]s 9 e /reet1 9 ! topmo/ /ory1 we grudge !m _! application to :at is (t5 a m]e p]sonal vanity4 ,:y %\ld n a nurs]y be con/ruct$ 9 ! same mann]8 ,if p>5ts knew ! value ( light to ! sk91 especially to *ildr5 ( a scr(ul\s t5d5cy1 we %\ld h pl5ty ( ^! glass h\se nurs]ies1 :]e *ildr5 might run ab\t 9 a prop] temp]ature1 free f mu* ( t clo?+ :i* at pres5t seals up ! sk9--t great supplem5t>y lung--aga9/ sunlight & oxyg54 ,!y w\ld save _m a weakly *ild :o n[ p]i%es f lack ( ^! necess>ies ( infant life4--,,dr4 ,,w9t]4 ,x is said also to h ! effect ( develop+ r$ disks 9 ! blood4 ,all vigor & activity come f ! sun4 ,vegetables gr[n 9 subdu$ light h a blea*$ & fad$ look4 ,an infant kept 9 absolute d>kness w\ld gr[ into a %apeless idiot4 ,t room is ! heal?ie/ to :i* ! sun has ! free/ access4 ,epidemics frequ5tly attack ! inhabitants ( ! %ady side ( a /reet1 & exempt ^? on ! sunny side4 ,if1 on a slight indisposition1 we %\ld g out into ! op5 air & bright sunlight1 in/ead ( %utt+ ourselves up 9 a close1 d>k *amb]1 we might (t5 avoid a s]i\s illness4 ,! sun ba? is d\btless a mo/ effici5t rem$y = _m diseases4 ,our w9d[ bl9ds & curta9s %\ld be ?r[n back & op51 & we %\ld let ! bless$ air & sun /ream 9 to invigorate & *e]4 ,no h\se buri$ 9 %ade1 & no room ) d>k5$ w9d[s1 is fit = human habitation4 ,9 damp & d>kness1 lies 9 wait almo/ e disease to :i* fle% is heir4 ,! sun is _! only successful foe4 7,see p4 #ccf47 ,,wond]s ,,( ,,! ,,bra94--,aft] hav+ se5 ! beautiful contrivances & ! exquisite delicacy ( ! l[] organs1 x is natural to suppose t :5 we come to ! bra9 we %\ld f9d ! mo/ elaborate ma*9]y4 ,h[ surpris+1 !n1 x is to h reveal$ to u only cells & fib]s6 ,! bra9 is ! lea/ solid & mo/ unsub/antial look+ organ 9 ! body4 ,eighty p] c5t ( wat]1 sev5 ( album51 "s fat1 & a few m9or sub/ances con/itute ! in/rum5t :i* rules ! _w4 ,/range/ ( all1 ! bra91 :i* is ! seat ( s5sation1 is itself )\t s5sation4 ,e n]ve1 e "p ( ! sp9al cord1 is ke5ly alive to ! slighte/ t\*1 yet ! bra9 may be cut1 burn$1 or electrifi$ )\t produc+ pa94 ,,alcoholic ,,dr9ks ,,& ,,n>cotics4 ,,alcohol 7,cont9u$ f p4 #ahg74 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em4--,9 ! progressive influ5ce ( alcohol ^u ! n]v\s sy/em1 !re are1 accord+ to ! rese>*es ( ,dr4 ,ri*>dson1 f\r successive /ages4 #a4 ,,! ,,/age ,,( ,,excitem5t4 ,footnote3 ,! pupil %\ld be c>eful to note "h t alcohol does n act ^u ! he>t directly1 & cause x to contract ) m =ce4 ,! idea t alcohol gives en]gy & activity to ! muscles is entirely false4 ,x really1 z we h se5 7p4 #ahc71 weak5s muscul> contraction4 ,! enfeeblem5t beg9s 9 ! fir/ /age1 & cont9ues 9 ! o!r /ages ) increas$ effect4 ,! he>t beats quickly m]ely because ! resi/ance ( ! m9ute controll+ vessels is tak5 (f1 & x works )\t be+ "u prop] regulation4 ,:at is call$ a /imulation or excitem5t is1 9 absolute fact1 a relaxation1 a p>tial p>alysis ( "o ( ! mo/ important me*anisms 9 ! animal body4 ,alcohol %\ld be rank$ among ! n>cotics4--,,ri*>dson4-- ,! fir/ effect ( alcohol1 z we h already describ$ on page #add1 is to p>alyze ! n]ves t lead to ! extreme & m9ute blood vessels1 & s regulate ! passage ( ! blood ?r\gh ! capill>y sy/em4 ,! vital =ce1 ?us drawn into ! n]v\s c5t]s1 drives ! ma*9]y ( life ) trem5d\s en]gy4 ,! he>t jumps l ! ma9spr+ ( a wat* :5 ! resi/ance ( ! :eels is remov$4 ,! blood surges ?r\gh ! body ) increas$ =ce4 ,e capill>y tube 9 ! sy/em is swoll5 & flu%$1 l ! r$d5$ nose & *eek4 ,9 all ?is !re is exhil>ation1 b no n\ri%m5t2 !re is animation1 b no p]man5t p[] conf]r$ on bra9 or muscle4 ,alcohol may *e] = ! mom5t4 ,x may set ! sluggi% blood 9 motion1 />t ! fl[ ( ?\ght1 & excite a tempor>y gayety4 ,x may enable a we>i$ or feeble organism to d brisk "w = a %ort "t4 ,x may make ! bra9 briefly brilliant4 ,x may excite muscle to quick action1 b x does no?+ at its own co/1 fills up no?+ x has de/roy$1 & itself leads to de/ruction4 ,ev5 ! m5tal activity x has excit$ is an unsafe /ate ( m9d1 = t j poise ( ! faculties s ess5tial to good judgm5t is di/urb$ by ! pres5ce ( ! intrud]4 ,johnson well rem>k$1 ,w9e improves conv]sation by tak+ ! edge (f ! und]/&+4 #b4 ,,! ,,/age ,,( ,,muscul> ,,weakness4--,if ! action ( ! alcohol be /ill cont9u$1 ! sp9al cord is next affect$ by ?is p[]ful n>cotic4 ,! control ( "s ( ! muscles is lo/4 ,^? ( ! l[] lip usually fail fir/1 !n ^? ( ! l[] limbs1 & ! /agg]+1 unc]ta9 /eps betray ! result4 ,! muscles !mselves1 also1 become feebl] z ! p[] ( contraction dim9i%es4 ,! temp]ature1 :i*1 = a "t1 0 slightly increas$1 soon beg9s to fall z ! heat is radiat$2 ! body is cool$1 & ! well-kn[n alcoholic *ill is felt4 #c4 ,,! ,,/age ,,( ,,m5tal ,,weakness4--,! c]ebrum is n[ implicat$4 ,! ideal & emotional faculties are quick5$1 :ile ! w is weak5$4 ,! c5t] ( ?\ght be+ ov]p[]$1 ! m9d is a *aos4 ,ideas flock 9 ?ick & fa/4 ,! tongue is loos5$4 ,! judgm5t loses its hold on ! acts4 ,! reason giv+ way1 ! animal in/9cts g5]ally assume ! ma/]y ( ! man4 ,! hidd5 nature comes to ! surface4 ,all ! gloss ( education & social re/ra9t falls (f1 & ! l[] nature /&s reveal$4 ,! c[>d %[s himself m crav51 ! bragg>t m boa/ful1 ! bold m d>+1 & ! cruel m brutal4 ,! inebriate is liable to become ! p]petrator ( any outrage t ! slighte/ provocation may sugge/4 #d4 ,,! ,,/age ,,( ,,unconsci\sness4--,at la/1 pro/ration ensues1 & ! wild1 mad revel ( ! drunk>d ends ) utt] s5selessness4 ,9 common spee*1 ! man is dead drunk4 ,bra9 & sp9al cord are bo? b5umb$4 ,=tunately1 ! two n]v\s c5t]s :i* supply ! he>t & ! diaphragm are ! sl[e/ to be influ5c$4 ,s1 ev5 9 ?is f9al /age1 ! brea?+ & ! circulation /ill g on1 ?\gh ! o!r organs h /opp$4 ,7 x n = ?is1 e p]son ?or\ghly intoxicat$ w\ld die4 ,footnote3 ,cold has a wond]ful influ5ce 9 ha/5+ ?is /age1 s t a p]son1 previ\sly only 9 ! fir/ /age ( excitem5t1 on go+ outdoors on a w9t] night1 may rapidly s9k into a le?>gy 7become comatose71 fall1 & die4 ,he is !n commonly said to h p]i%$ ) cold4 ,! signs ( ?is coma are ( great practical importance1 s9ce s _m p]sons die 9 police /ations & else:]e :o are really comatose1 :5 !y are suppos$ to be only s\nd asleep4 ,! pulse is sl[1 & almo/ imp]ceptible4 ,! face is pale1 & ! sk9 cold4 ,if ! arm be p9*$1 x is n mov$2 if ! eyeballs are t\*$1 ! lids w n s9k4 ,! respiration becomes sl[] & sl[]1 &1 if ! p]son dies1 x is because liquid collects 9 ! bron*ial tubes1 & /ops ! passage ( ! air4 ,! man !n actually dr[ns 9 8 own secretions4 ,,effect ,,^u ,,! ,,bra94--,alcohol seems to h a special aff9ity = ! bra94 ,?is organ absorbs m ?an any o!r1 & its delicate /ructure is correspond+ly affect$4 ,! ,vascul> enl>gem5t "h rea*es its height4 ,! t9y vessels become clogg$ ) blood t is unfitt$ to n\ri%1 because load$ ) c>bonic acid1 & depriv$ ( ! usual quantity ( ! life-giv+ oxyg54--,,h9ton4 ,! bra9 is1 9 ! language ( ! physiologi/1 malfunction$4 ,! m9d b sl[ly rallies f ! /upor ( ! f\r? /age1 & a s5se ( dullness & depression rema9s to %[ ) :at difficulty ! fatigu$ organ recov]s its normal condition4 ,s m>k$ is ! effect ( ! n>cotic poison1 t "s au?orities hold t a once ?or\ghly intoxicat$ bra9 nev] fully becomes :at x 0 be=e4 ,9 "t1 ! free use ( liquor h>d5s & ?ick5s ! membrane envelop+ ! n]v\s matt]2 ! n]ve corpuscles und]go a ,fatty deg5]ation2 ! blood vessels lose _! ela/icity2 & ! vital fluid1 fl[+ less freely ?r\gh ! ob/ruct$ *annels1 fails to af=d ! old-"t n\ri%m5t4 ,! consequ5t det]ioration ( ! n]v\s sub/ance--! organ ( ?\ght--%[s itself 9 ! weak5$ m9d ,footnote3 ,! habitual use ( f]m5t$ liquors1 ev5 to an ext5t f> %ort ( :at is necess>y to produce intoxication1 injures ! body1 & dim9i%es ! m5tal p[]4--,sir ,h5ry ,?ompson4 t we s (t5 notice 9 a p]son accu/om$ to dr9k1 & at la/ lays ! f\ndation ( v>i\s n]v\s disord]s--epilepsy1 p>alysis1 & insanity4 ,footnote3 ,casp]1 ! great /ati/ician ( ,b]l91 says3 ,s f> z t city is conc]n$1 "o ?ird ( ! insane com+ f ! poor] classes1 7 made s by _s dr9k+4 ,! law ( h]$ity "h aga9 ass]ts itself1 & ! inebriate's *ildr5 (t5 inh]it ! disease :i* he has escap$4 ,*ief among ! consequ5ces ( ?is p]v]t$ & imp]fect nutrition ( ! bra9 is t int]m$iate /ate betwe5 intoxication & insanity1 well kn[n z ,delirium ,trem5s4 ,x is *>act]iz$ by a l[1 re/less activity ( ! c]ebrum1 manife/+ itself 9 mutt]+ delirium1 ) occasional p>oxysms ( great] viol5ce4 ,! victim almo/ always appreh5ds "s direful calamity2 he imag9es 8 b$ to be cov]$ ) loa?some reptiles2 he sees ! walls ( 8 ap>tm5t cr[d$ ) f\l spect]s2 & he imag9es 8 fri5ds & att5dants to be fi5ds come to drag him d[n to a fi]y abyss b5ea?4--,,c>p5t]4 7,see p4 #bhg47 ,,influ5ce ,,^u ,,! ,,m5tal ,,& ,,moral ,,p[]s4--,s intimate is ! relation betwe5 ! body & ! m9d1 t an injury to "o h>ms ! o!r4 ,! effect ( alcoholiz$ blood is to weak5 ! w4 ,! "o habitually "u its influ5ce (t5 %ocks u by 8 indecision & 8 read9ess to break a promise to re=m4 ,! tru? is1 he has lo/1 9 a measure1 8 p[] ( self-control4 ,at la/1 he becomes physically unable to resi/ ! crav+ dem& ( 8 morbid appetite4 ,o!r faculties %>e 9 ?is m5tal wreck4 ,! intellectual vision becomes less p5etrat+1 ! decisions ( ! m9d less reliable1 & ! grasp ( ?\ght less vigor\s4 ,! logic gr[s muddy4 ,a ?riftless1 reckless feel+ is develop$4 ,ere long1 self-respect is lo/1 & !n ambition ceases to allure1 & ! high _s s9ks4 ,along ) ?is m5tal det]ioration comes also a failure ( ! moral s5se4 ,! f9e fib] ( "* und]goes a deg5]ation z c]ta9 z t ( ! muscles !mselves4 ,brok5 promises tell ( a l[]$ /&>d ( v]acity1 & a dull$ s5se ( honor1 q z mu* z ( an impair$ w4 ,"u ! subtle influ5ce ( ! ev]-pres5t poison1 signs ( spiritual weakness multiply fa/4 ,consci5ce is lull$ to re/4 ,reason is enfeebl$4 ,cu/om>y re/ra9ts are easily ?r[n (f4 ,! s5sibilities are blunt$4 ,!re is less ability to appreciate nice %ades ( "r & wrong4 ,great moral pr9ciples & motives lose _! p[] to influ5ce4 ,! judgm5t fools ) duty4 ,! future no long] rea*es back its h& to guide ! pres5t4 ,! bett] nature has lo/ its supremacy4 ,! wret*$ victim ( appetite w n[ gratify 8 tyrannical passion = dr9k at any exp5se ( deceit or crime4 ,he becomes ! bl9d in/rum5t ( 8 insane impulses1 & commits acts f :i* he w\ld once h %runk ) horror4 ,footnote3 ,ri*>dson sums up ! v>i\s diseases caus$ by alcohol1 z foll[s3 7a74 ,diseases ( ! bra9 & n]v\s sy/em1 indicat$ by su* names z apoplexy1 epilepsy1 p>alysis1 v]tigo1 s(t5+ ( ! bra91 delirium trem5s1 dipsomania or inord9ate crav+ = dr9k1 loss ( memory1 & t g5]al failure ( ! m5tal p[]1 call$ dem5tia4 7b74 ,diseases ( ! lungs3 "o =m ( consumption1 conge/ion1 & subsequ5t bron*itis4 7c74 ,diseases ( ! he>t3 irregul> beat1 feebl5ess ( ! muscul> walls1 dilatation1 disease ( ! valves4 7d74 ,diseases ( ! blood3 scurvy1 excess ( wat] or dropsy1 sep>ation ( fibr94 7e74 ,diseases ( ! /oma*3 feebl5ess ( ! /oma*1 indige/ion1 flatul5cy1 irritation1 & sometimes inflammation4 7f74 ,diseases ( ! b[els3 relaxation or purg+1 irritation4 7g74 ,diseases ( ! liv]3 conge/ion1 h>d5+ & %r9k+1 cirrhosis4 7h74 ,diseases ( ! kidneys3 *ange ( /ructure into fatty or waxy-l condition & o!r results lead+ to dropsy1 or sometimes to fatal sleep4 7i74 ,diseases ( ! muscles3 fatty *ange 9 ! muscles1 by :i* !y lose _! p[] = prop] active contraction4 7j74 ,diseases ( ! membranes ( ! body3 ?ick5+ & loss ( ela/icity1 by :i* ! p>ts wrapp$ up 9 ! membrane are impair$ = use1 & premature decay is induc$4 ,sometimes he ev5 takes a malignant pleasure 9 injur+ ^? :om ,nature has orda9$ he %\ld protect4 ,footnote3 ,x has be5 argu$ t a man %\ld n be puni%$ = any crime he may commit dur+ intoxication1 b r = kn[+ly giv+ up ! re9s ( reason & consci5ce1 & ?us subject+ himself to ! rule ( 8 evil passions4 ,volunt>ily to /imulate ! m9d & put x into a condition :]e x may drive "o to ru91 is v l ! act ( an eng9e] :o %\ld get up /eam 9 8 eng9e1 & !n1 hav+ op5$ ! valves1 des]t 8 po/1 & let ! mon/] g ?und]+ d[n ! track to sure de/ruction4 ,c]ta9 p]sons are ?r[n into ! /age ( m5tal weakness by a s+le glass ( liquor4 ,h[ c !y be excus$ :5 ! fact ( _! peculi> liability l5ds additional =ce to ! argum5t ( ab/emi\sness1 & !y "k t _! only safety lies 9 total ab/95ce8--,,c>p5t]',s ,physiology4 #b4 ,,tobacco4 ,! ,con/itu5ts ( ,tobacco ,smoke are num]\s1 b ! prom95t ones are c>bonic-acid1 c>bonic-oxide1 & ammonia gases2 c>bon1 or soot2 & nicot9e4 ,! proportion ( ^! sub/ances v>ies ) diff]5t k9ds ( tobacco1 ! pipe us$1 & ! rapidity ( ! combu/ion4 ,c>bonic acid t5ds to produce sleep9ess & heada*e4 ,c>bonic oxide1 9 addition1 causes a tremul\s movem5t ( ! muscles1 & s ( ! he>t4 ,ammonia bites ! tongue ( ! smok]1 excites ! saliv>y gl&s1 & causes dryness ( ! m\? & ?roat4 ,nicot9e is a p[]ful poison4 ,! am\nt conta9$ 9 "o or two /rong cig>s1 if ?r[n directly into ! blood1 w\ld cause dea?4 ,nicot9e itself is complex1 yield+ a volatile sub/ance t gives ! odor to ! brea? & clo?+2 & also a bitt] extract :i* produces ! sick5+ ta/e ( an old pipe4 ,9 smok+1 "s ( ! nicot9e is decompos$1 =m+ pyrid9e1 picol9e1 & o!r poison\s alkaloids4 ,footnote3 ,! analysis ( tobacco z giv5 by diff]5t au?orities v>ies greatly4 ,! "o /at$ 9 ! text suffices = ! purposes ( ?is *apt]4 ,von ,eul5b]g names sev]al o!r products ( ! combu/ion4 ,"o hundr$ p\nds ( ! dry leaf may yield z high z sev5 p\nds ( nicot9e4 ,havana tobacco conta9s ab\t two p] c5t1 & ,virg9ia ab\t six p] c5t4--,see ,,john/on ,,*ur*',s ,*emi/ry ( ,common ,life1 & ,,mill]',s ,organic ,*emi/ry4 ,,physiological ,,effects4--,! poison ( tobacco1 set free by ! process ei!r ( *ew+ or smok+1 :5 = ! fir/ "t x is swept ?r\gh ! sy/em by ! blood1 p[]fully affects ! body4 ,nausea is felt1 & ! /oma* seeks to ?r[ (f ! (f5d+ sub/ance4 ,! bra9 is inflam$1 & heada*e foll[s4 ,! motor n]ves becom+ irritat$1 gidd9ess ensues4 ,?us ,nature e>ne/ly prote/s aga9/ ! =mation ( ?is habit4 ,b1 aft] repeat$ trials1 ! sy/em adju/s itself to ! new conditions4 ,a tol]ance ( ! poison is f9ally e/abli%$1 & smok+ causes none ( ! =m] symptoms4 ,su* p[]ful sub/ances c n1 h[ev]1 be con/antly inhal$ )\t produc+ m>k$ *anges4 ,! ?ree great elim9at+ organs--! lungs1 ! sk91 & ! kidneys-- ?r[ (f a l>ge "p ( ! products1 b mu* rema9s 9 ! sy/em4 ,:5 ! pres5ce ( ! poison is con/ant1 & especially :5 ! smok+ or *ew+ is excessive1 ! di/urbance t at fir/ is m]ely functional1 mu/ necess>ily1 9 _m cases at lea/1 lead to a *ronic d]angem5t4 ,probably 9 ?is1 z 9 ! case ( o!r delet]i\s articles ( diet1 ! /rong & heal?y w seem to escape entirely1 :ile ! weak & ^? pr$ispos$ to disease w be injur$ 9 direct proportion to ! ext5t ( ! indulg5ce4 ,^? ^: employm5t leads to active1 outdoor "w1 w %[ no sign ( nicot9e poison+1 :ile ! man ( s$5t>y habits w soon] or lat] be ! victim ( dyspepsia1 sleeplessness1 n]v\sness1 p>alysis1 or o!r organic difficulties4 ,ev5 :]e ! us] ( tobacco himself escapes h>m1 ! law ( h]$ity ass]ts itself1 & ! innoc5t (fspr+ only too (t5 inh]it an impair$ con/itution1 & a t5d5cy to n]v\s compla9ts4 ,,! ,,v>i\s ,,di/urbances produc$ 9 diff]5t individuals & con/itutions by smok+ h be5 summ$ up by ,dr4 ,ri*>dson z foll[s3 7a7 ,9 ! blood1 x causes undue fluidity1 & *ange 9 ! r$ corpuscles2 7b7 9 ! /oma*1 x gives rise to debility1 nausea1 & vomit+2 7c7 9 ! muc\s membrane ( ! m\?1 x produces enl>gem5t & sor5ess ( ! tonsils--smok]'s sore ?roat--r$ness1 dryness1 & occasional peel+ ( ! membrane1 & ei!r unnatural firmness & contraction1 or spong9ess ( ! gums2 &1 :]e ! pipe re/s on ! lips1 (t5times 'epi!lial canc]'2 7d7 9 ! he>t1 x causes debility ( ! organ1 & irregul> action2 7e7 9 ! bron*ial surface ( ! lungs1 :5 t is already irritable1 x su/a9s irritation1 & increases ! c\gh2 7f7 9 ! organs ( s5se1 x produces dilation ( ! pupils ( ! eye1 confusion ( vision1 bright l9es1 lum9\s or cobweb specks1 & long ret5tion ( images on ! ret9a1 ) analog\s symptoms affect+ ! e>1 viz41 inability to def9e s\nds cle>ly1 & ! occurr5ce ( a %>p1 r++ noise l a :i/le2 7g7 9 ! bra91 x impairs ! activity ( ! organ1 oppress+ x if x be n\ri%$1 b soo?+ x if x be exhau/$2 7h7 x leads to p>alysis 9 ! motor & sympa!tic n]ves1 & to ov]-secretion f ! gl&s :i* ! sympa!tic n]ves control4 ,,is ,,tobacco ,a ,,food8--,"h1 z 9 ! case ( alcohol1 ! reply is a negative "o4 ,tobacco manife/s no *>act]i/ic ( a food4 ,x c n imp>t to ! blood an atom ( nutritive matt] = build+ up ! body4 ,x does n add to1 b r subtracts f1 ! total vital =ce4 ,x conf]s no pot5tial p[] ^u muscle or bra94 ,x /imulates by cutt+ (f ! n]v\s supply f ! extremities & conc5trat+ x ^u ! c5t]s4 ,b /imulation is n n\ri%m5t2 x is only a rapid sp5d+ ( ! capital /ock4 ,!re is no great] error ?an to mi/ake ! excit+ ( an organ = its /r5g!n+4 ,,! ,,influ5ce ,,^u ,,y\?4--,"h1 too1 sci5ce utt]s no d\btful voice4 ,exp]i5ce ass]ts only "o conviction4 ,tobacco ret>ds ! developm5t ( m9d & body4 ,footnote3 ,cig>ettes are especially injuri\s f ! irritat+ smoke ( ! pap] cov]+1 tak5 into ! lungs1 & also because ! poison fumes ( ! tobacco are m directly inhal$4 ,9 case ( ! *eap cig>ettes (t5 smok$ by boys ! +r$i5ts us$ are h>mful1 :ile "o revolts at ! ?\ght ( ! fil?y mat]ials1 refuse cig> /umps1 etc41 employ$ 9 _! manufacture4 ,! law ( nature is t ( /eady gr[?4 ,x c n admit ( a daily1 ev5 ?\gh x be m]ely a functional1 di/urbance t weak5s ! dige/ion1 t causes ! he>t to labor excessively1 t prev5ts ! p]fect oxidation ( ! blood1 t int]f]es ) ! assimilation1 & t d]anges ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,footnote3 ,!re is "o influ5ce ( tobacco t e "y man %\ld und]/&4 ,9 _m cases1 l alcohol1 x seems to blunt ! s5sibilities1 & to make its us] c>eless ( ! rights & feel+s ( o!rs4 ,?is is (t5 notic$ 9 common life4 ,we meet ev]y:]e devotees ( ! we$1 :o1 ignor+ ! fact t tobacco is disagreeable to _m p]sons1 ?9k only ( ! gratification ( _! selfi% appetite4 ,!y smoke or *ew 9 any place or company4 ,!y p]mit ! cig> fumes to bl[ into ! faces ( pass]s-by4 ,!y sit :]e ! w9d c>ries ! smoke ( _! pipes s t o!rs mu/ inhale x4 ,!y expectorate ^u ! floor ( c>s1 hotels1 & ev5 private homes4 ,!y take no pa9s to remove ! odor t l+]s ab\t _! p]son & clo?+4 ,!y =ce all :o happ5 to be ne>1 _! companions1 _! fell[-travel]s1 to inhale ! nauseat+ odor ( tobacco4 ,ev]y?+ mu/ be sacrific$ to ! "o primal necessity ( su* p]sons--a smoke4 ,n[1 a "y man j beg9n+ life1 ) 8 =tune to make1 & 8 success to a*ieve1 c n af=d to burd5 himself ) a habit t is co/ly1 t w make 8 pres5ce (f5sive to _m p]sons1 & t may p]haps r5d] him less s5sitive to ! be/ influ5ces & p]ceptions ( manhood4 ,no "o has a "r ?us to *eck & di/urb cont9ually ! regul> processes ( 8 physical & m5tal progress4 ,h5ce1 ! "y man 7especially if he be ( a n]v\s1 s5sitive organization7 :o uses tobacco delib]ately dim9i%es ! possible en]gy ) :i* he might comm5ce ! "w ( life2 ,footnote3 ,9 ! ,polyte*nic ,s*ool at ,p>is1 ! pupils 7 divid$ into two classes--! smok]s1 & ! non-smok]s4 ,! latt] n only excell$ on ! entrance exam9ations1 b dur+ ! entire c\rse ( /udy4 ,dr4 ,decaisne exam9$ ?irty-eight boys :o smok$1 & f\nd tw5ty-sev5 ( !m diseas$ f nicot9e poison+4 ,s long ago z #ahfh1 9 consequ5ce ( ^! results1 ! ,m9i/] ( ,public ,in/ruction =bade ! use ( tobacco by ! pupils4 ,dr4 ,gihon1 m$ical director ( ! ,naval ,academy at ,annapolis1 9 8 report = #ahha1 says3 ,! mo/ important matt] 9 ! heal? hi/ory ( ! /ud5ts is t relat+ to tobacco1 & its int]diction is absolutely ess5tial to _! future heal? & usefulness4 ,9 ?is view ,i h be5 su/a9$ by my colleagues1 & by all sanit>ians 9 civil & milit>y life ^: views ,i h be5 able to obta94 :ile he comes "u ! bondage ( a habit t may become /rong] ?an 8 w1 & "u ! influ5ce ( a n>cotic t may beguile 8 faculties & palsy 8 /r5g? at ! v mom5t :5 e p[] %\ld be awake4 ,ano!r p]il /ill lies 9 ! wake ( ?is ma/]ful poison habit4 ,tobacco causes ?ir/ & depression t only too (t5 & naturally lead to ! use ( liquor4 7,see p4 #cch47 #c4 ,,opium4 ,opium is ! dri$ juice ( ! poppy4 ,9 ,ea/]n c\ntries1 ?is fl[] is cultivat$ 9 imm5se fields = ! sake ( ?is product4 ,:5 a cut is made 9 ! poppy head1 a t9y te> ( milky juice exudes1 & h>d5s4 ,^! little drops are ga!r$ & prep>$ = ! m>ket1 an acre yield+1 x is said1 ab\t tw5ty-five p\nds4 ,?r\gh\t ! ,ea/1 opium is g5]ally smok$2 b 9 ,we/]n c\ntries laudanum & p>egoric 7t9ctures ( opium71 & morph9e--a p[]ful alkaloid conta9$ 9 opium1 are g5]ally us$4 ,! drug itself is also eat54 ,,physiological ,,effect4--,opium1 9 its v>i\s =ms1 acts directly ^u ! n]ves1 a small dose quiet+ pa91 & a l>g] "o soo?+ to sleep4 ,x ar\ses ! bra91 & fires ! imag9ation to a wond]ful pit*4 ,footnote3 ,s f> z its effects are conc]n$1 x matt]s little 9 :at =m opium is tak51 :e!r solid z 9 pills1 liquid z 9 laudanum1 or vaporiz$1 z :5 inhal$ f a pipe4 ,! opium slave is *>act]iz$ by trembl+ /eps1 a curv$ sp9e1 sunk5 glassy eyes1 sall[ )]$ features1 & (t5 by contraction ( ! muscles ( ! neck & f+]s4 ,9 ! ,ea/1 :5 ! drug ceases its influ5ce1 ! opium eat] r5ews x ) corrosive sublimate till1 f9ally1 ?is also fails ( effect1 & he gradually s9ks into ! grave4 ,! reaction f ?is unnatural excitant is correspond+ly depress+2 & ! melan*oly1 ! ov]:elm+ horror t ensues1 calls = a r5ewal ( ! /imulus4 ,! dose mu/ be gradually increas$ to produce ! orig9al exhil>ation4 ,footnote3 ,! victim ( opium is b\nd to a drug f :i* he d]ives no b5efits1 b :i* sl[ly deprives him ( heal? & happ9ess1 f9ally to end 9 idiocy or premature dea?4 ,:atev] ! victim's condition or surr\nd+s may be1 ! opium mu/ be tak5 at c]ta9 times ) inexorable regul>ity4 ,! liquor or tobacco us] c1 = a "t1 g )\t ! use ( ^! ag5ts1 & no regul> h\rs are necess>y4 ,dur+ sickness1 & m especially dur+ ! eruptive fev]s1 he does n desire tobacco or liquor4 ,! opium eat] has no su* reprieves2 8 dose mu/ be tak51 &1 9 pa9ful complications affect+ ! /oma*1 a l>ge increase is dem&$ to su/a9 ! sy/em4 ,if1 9 =m+ ! habit1 two doses are tak5 ea* day1 ! victim is oblig$ to ma9ta9 t numb]4 ,x is ! unceas+1 ev]la/+ slav]y ( regul>ity t humiliates opium eat]s by a s5se ( _! own weakness4--,,hubb>d on ,! ,opium ,habit & ,alcoholism4 ,! s$uctive nature ( ! drug leads ! un=tunate victim on /ep by /ep until he f9ds himself fa/ b\nd 9 ! fett]s ( "o ( ! mo/ tyrannical habits kn[n to man4 ,to g on is to wreck all "o's p[]s--physical & m5tal4 ,to ?r[ (f ! habit1 requires a det]m9ation t b few possess4 ,yet ev5 :5 ! cu/om is brok51 ! sy/em is long 9 recov]+ f ! %ock4 ,!re seems to be a failure ( e organ4 ,! dige/ion is weak5$1 food is no long] reli%$1 ! muscles wa/e1 ! sk9 %rivels1 ! n]v\s c5t]s are p>alyz$1 & a premature old age comes on apace4 ,de ,qu9cey1 f\r mon?s aft] he _h ca/ away ! opium bonds1 wrote1 ,?9k ( me z "o /ill agitat$1 wri?+1 ?robb+1 palpitat+1 %att]$4 ,no p]son c be too c>eful 9 ! use ( laudanum1 p>egoric1 & morph9e4 ,!y may be tak5 on a physician's prescription z a s$ative f rack+ pa91 ,footnote3 ,_m p]sons le>n to inject morph9e b5ea? ! sk9 by means ( a hypod]mic syr+e4 ,! op]ation is pa9less1 & seems an innoc5t "o4 ,x ?r[s ! n>cotic directly into ! circulation1 & relief f pa9 is (t5 almo/ in/antane\s4 ,b ! dang] ( =m+ ! opium habit is n less5$1 & ! effect ( us+ ! drug 9 ?is =m = a long "t is j z injuri\s z opium smok+ itself4 ,opium 9 "o ( its =ms ent]s l>gely into ! composition ( _m ( ! pa9kill]s & pat5t m$ic9es s freely adv]tis$ = dome/ic use 9 ! pres5t day1 & = ?is reason ! greate/ c>e is ne$$ 9 hav+ rec\rse to any ( !m4 ,tak51 p]haps1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to alleviate ! torm5ts ( neuralgia or too?a*e1 :at proves to be a rem$y soon becomes a s\rce ( gratification1 :i* ! wret*$ness t foll[s on ab/95ce r5d]s increas+ly difficult to lay aside4 ,! same mu/ be said ( bromide ( potassium & hydrate ( *loral1 frequ5tly resort$ to z a rem$y = sleeplessness3 ! sy/em quickly becomes habituat$ to _! use1 & !y c !n be rel9qui%$ only at ! co/ ( mu* suff]+4 ,inde$1 ! la/ m5tion$ ( ^! two drugs obta9s ov] ! m9d a p[] :i* may be comp>$ to t ( opium1 & is1 moreov]1 liable to occasion ! disease kn[n z *loralism1 by :i* ! sy/em ultimately becomes a complete wreck4 ,look+ at ! :ole "q ( ! m$ic9al use ( n>cotics1 x is p]haps n too mu* to say t !y %\ld nev] be employ$ except ) ! au?ority ( a compet5t m$ical advis]4-- ,*amb]s's ,j\rnal4 b if foll[$ up = any l5g? ( "t1 ! p[]ful habit may be =m$ ere "o is aw>e4 ,!n comes ! opium eat]'s grave1 or ! opium eat]'s /ruggle = life6 #d4 ,,*loral ,,hydrate4 ,,*loral ,,hydrate is a drug frequ5tly us$ to cause sleep4 ,x leaves beh9d no heada*e or lassitude1 z is (t5 ! case ) morph9e4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a trea*]\s rem$y4 ,x is cumulative 9 its effects1 i4 e41 ev5 a small & h>mless dose1 p]si/$ 9 = a long p]iod1 may produce a gradual accumulation ( evil results t 9 ! end w prove fatal4 ,,! ,,physiological ,,effect ( its prolong$ use is v m>k$4 ,! appetite becomes caprici\s4 ,! secretions are unnatural4 ,nausea & flatul5cy (t5 ensue4 ,!n ! n]v\s sy/em is involv$4 ,! he>t is affect$4 ,sleep1 in/ead ( respond+ to ! drug1 z at fir/1 is brok5 & di/urb$4 ,! eyesight fails4 ,! circulation is enfeebl$1 & ! pulse becomes weak1 rapid1 & irregul>4 ,!re is a t5d5cy to fa9t+ & to difficult respiration4 ,sometimes ! impov]i%$ blood induces a disease resembl+ scurvy1 ! ends ( ! f+]s ulc]ate1 & ! face is disfigur$ by blot*es4 ,an excessive dose may result 9 dea?4 ,prolong$ habitual use ( *loral hydrate t5ds to debase ! m9d & morals ( ! subject 9 ! same mann] z indulg5ce 9 alcohol1 e!r1 or *lor(orm4 #e4 ,,*lor(orm4 ,,*lor(orm is an artificial product g5]ally obta9$1 by di/illation1 f a mixture ( *loride ( lime1 wat]1 & alcohol4 ,x 0 discov]$ 9 #ahca by ,samuel ,gu?rie1 ( ,sackett's ,h>bor1 ,new ,york4 ,x is a colorless1 transp>5t volatile liquid1 ) a /rong e!real odor4 ,,physiological ,,effect4--,*lor(orm is a p[]ful an/hetic1 :i*1 :5 inhal$1 causes a tempor>y p>alysis ( ! n]v\s sy/em1 & ?us a complete ins5sibility to pa94 ,!re is great p]il att5d+ its use1 ev5 9 ! h&s ( ! mo/ skillful & exp]i5c$ practition]s4 ,x is sometimes prescrib$ by a physician1 & aft]w>d 7z 9 ! case ( laudanum1 morph9e1 & *loral7 ! suff]]1 *>m$ ) ! release f pa9 & ! peaceful slumb] secur$1 buys ! ,le!an liquid = himself4 ,its use soon becomes an app>5t necessity4 ,! crav+ = ! n>cotic at a /at$ "t is almo/ irresi/ible4 ,! pati5t1 compell$ to give up ! use ( *lor(orm1 w dem&1 entreat1 pray = ano!r dose1 9 a he>tr5d+ mann]1 nev] to be =gott54 ,pal5ess & debility1 ! e>lie/ symptoms1 are foll[$ by m5tal pro/ration4 ,famili>ity ) ?is dang]\s drug begets c>elessness1 & its victims are frequ5tly f\nd dead 9 _! b$s1 ) ! h&k]*ief f :i* !y inhal$ ! volatile poison clut*$ 9 _! lifeless h&s4 #f4 ,,coca9e4 ,coca9e is an alkaloid prep>$ f ! ery?roxylon coca1 a %rub1 five or six feet high1 f\nd wild 9 ! m\nta9\s regions ( ,ecuador & ,p]u1 :]e x is also cultivat$ by ! natives4 ,! ,s\? ,am]ican ,indians1 = c5turies1 h *ew$ coca leaves z a /imulant1 b ! highly poison\s pr9ciple1 n[ call$ coca9e1 to :i* ! plant owes its peculi> effects1 0 n discov]$ till #ahei4 ,)9 a few ye>s ?is drug has come into favor z an ag5t to produce local an/hesia1 & has prov$ exce$+ly valuable 9 surgical op]ations ^u ! eye & o!r s5sitive organs4 ,x has already1 h[ev]1 be5 div]t$ f its legitimate use z a b5efaction1 & to ! o!r evils ( ! day is n[ add$ ! coca9e habit1 :i* is1 p]haps1 ev5 m dang]\s & difficult to ab&on ?an ei!r ! alcohol or ! opium habit4 ,,physiological ,,effect4--,appli$ locally1 coca9e greatly less5s & ev5 annihilates pa94 ,tak5 int]nally1 x acts z a p[]ful /imulant to ! n]v\s sy/em1 its physiological action be+ simil> to t ( !9e 7p4 #agj71 caffe9e1 & !obrom9e4 ,us$ hypod]mically1 its imm$iate effect1 says "o to :om x 0 ?us adm9i/]$1 is to cause great pallor ( c\nt5ance1 pr(use frontal p]spiration1 sunk5 eyes1 enl>g$ pupils1 less5$ s5sitiv5ess ( ! cornea & conjunctiva1 l[]$ art]ial t5sion1 & a feeble pulse & he>t beat4 ,"u its influ5ce ,i c\ld n reason4 ,ev]y?+ seem$ to run ?r\gh my bra91 & 9 va9 ,i summon$ all my w p[] to ov]come an ov]:elm+ sleep9ess4 ,a few doses ( ?is drug w 9 "s p]sons produce tempor>y insanity4 ,us$ to excess1 x leads to p]man5t madness or idiocy4 ,coca9e1 says a writ] 9 ! ,m$ical ,review1 is a dang]\s !rapeutic toy n to be us$ z a s5sational play?+4 ,if x %\ld come into z g5]al use z ! o!r intoxicants ( its class1 x w help to fill ! asylums1 inebriate & insane4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,:y is ! pa9 ( incipi5t hip disease frequ5tly felt 9 ! knee8 #b4 ,:y does a *ild require m sleep ?an an ag$ p]son8 #c4 ,:5 y put y\r f+] 9 ! palm ( a sleep+ *ild1 :y w he grasp x8 #d4 ,h[ may we /r5g!n ! bra98 #e4 ,:at is ! object ( pa98 #f4 ,:y w a bl[ on ! /oma* sometimes /op ! he>t8 #g4 ,h[ long w x take = ! bra9 ( a man six feet high to receive news ( an injury to 8 foot1 & to reply8 #h4 ,h[ c we gr[ beautiful8 #i4 ,:y d inte/9al worms sometimes affect a *ild's sight8 #aj4 ,is !re any indication ( "* 9 physiognomy8 #aa4 ,:5 "o's f+] is burn$1 :]e is ! a*e8 #ab4 ,is a g5]ally clos$ p>lor a heal?ful room8 #ac4 ,:y c an idle s*ol> read 8 lesson & at ! same "t c\nt ! m>bles 9 8 pocket8 #ad4 ,9 amputat+ a limb1 :at "p1 :5 divid$1 w cause ! ke5e/ pa98 #ae4 ,:at is ! effect ( bad air on n]v\s p8 #af4 ,is !re any tru? 9 ! prov]b t he :o sleeps d9es8 #ag4 ,:at does a high1 wide =ehead indicate8 #ah4 ,h[ does indige/ion frequ5tly cause a heada*e8 #ai4 ,:at is ! cause ( "o's foot be+ asleep8 ,footnote3 ,"h ! n]v\s =ce is prev5t$ f pass+ by compression4 ,j h[ ?is is done1 or :at is kept f pass+1 we c n tell4 ,if a curr5t ( electricity 7 mov+ ?r\gh a rubb] tube full ( m]cury1 a slight squeeze w\ld int]rupt x4 ,^! cases may dep5d on ! same g5]al pr9ciple1 b we c n ass]t x4--,,huxley4 ,! t+l+ s5sation caus$ by ! compression is transf]r$ to ! foot1 :5ce ! n]ve />ts4 #bj4 ,:5 an injury to ! nose has be5 rem$i$ by transplant+ sk9 f ! =ehead1 :y is a t\* to ! =m] felt 9 ! latt]8 #ba4 ,are closely curta9$ w9d[s heal?ful8 #bb4 ,:y1 9 fall+ f a height1 d ! limbs in/9ctively take a position to def5d ! important organs8 #bc4 ,:at causes ! pylorus to op5 & close at ! "r "t8 #bd4 ,:y is pleasant ex]cise mo/ b5eficial8 #be4 ,:y does grief cause "o to lose 8 appetite8 #bf4 ,:y %\ld we nev] /udy directly aft] d9n]8 #bg4 ,:at produces ! p]i/altic movem5t ( ! /oma*8 #bh4 ,:y is a heal?y *ild s re/less & full ( mis*ief8 #bi4 ,:y is a slight bl[ on ! back ( a rabbit's neck fatal8 #cj4 ,:y c "o walk & c>ry on a conv]sation at ! same "t8 #ca4 ,:at are ! dang]s ( ov]/udy8 #cb4 ,:at is ! influ5ce ( idl5ess ^u ! bra98 #cc4 ,/ate ! close relation :i* exi/s betwe5 physical & m5tal heal? & disease4 #cd4 ,9 :at consi/s ! value ( ! p[] ( habit8 #ce4 ,h[ _m pairs ( n]ves supply ! eye8 #cf4 ,describe ! reflex actions 9 read+ al\d4 #cg4 ,"u :at circum/ances does p>alysis occur8 #ch4 ,if ! eyelids ( a pr(\nd sleep] 7 rais$1 & a c&le br\ght ne>1 w\ld ! iris contract8 #ci4 ,h[ does "o c\gh 9 8 sleep8 #dj4 ,give illu/rations ( ! unconsci\s action ( ! bra94 #da4 ,is *ew+ tobacco m injuri\s ?an smok+8 #db4 ,ought a man to retire f bus9ess :ile 8 faculties are /ill unimpair$8 #dc4 ,:i* is ! m exhau/ive to ! bra91 worry or sev]e m5tal application8 #dd4 ,is x a bless+ to be plac$ beyond ! necessity = "w8 #de4 ,%[ h[ ang]1 hate1 & ! o!r degrad+ passions are de/ructive to ! bra94 ,footnote3 ,"o ( ! sure/ means = keep+ ! body & m9d 9 p]fect heal? consi/s 9 le>n+ to hold ! passions 9 subs]vi5ce to ! reason+ faculties4 ,?is rule applies to e passion4 ,man1 di/+ui%$ f all o!r animals by ! peculi>ity t 8 reason is plac$ above 8 passions to be ! director ( 8 w1 c protect himself f e m]e animal degradation result+ f passionate excitem5t4 ,! education ( ! man %\ld be direct$ n to suppress su* passions z are ennobl+1 b to br+ all "u gov]nance1 & specially to subdue ^? mo/ de/ructive passions1 ang]1 hate1 & fe>4 #df4 ,are n amusem5ts1 to repair ! wa/e ( ! n]v\s en]gy1 especially ne$$ by p]sons ^: life is "o ( c>e & toil8 #dg4 ,is n sev]e m5tal labor incompatible ) a rapidly gr[+ body8 #dh4 ,h[ %all we induce ! sy/em to p]=m all its functions regul>ly #di4 ,h[ does alcohol int]f]e ) ! action ( ! n]ves8 #ej4 ,:at is ! g5]al effect ( alcohol ^u ! "*8 #ea4 ,does alcohol t5d to produce cle>ness & vigor ( ?\ght8 #eb4 ,:at is ! g5]al effect ( alcohol on ! muscles8 #ec4 ,does alcohol h any effect on ! bones8 ,! sk98 #ed4 ,:at is ! cause ( ! alcoholic *ill8 #ee4 ,%[ h[ alcohol t5ds to develop man's l[]1 r ?an 8 high]1 nature4 #ef4 ,:5 we wi% really to /r5g!n ! bra91 %\ld we use alcohol8 #eg4 ,:y is alcohol us$ to pres]ve anatomical specim5s8 #eh4 ,:at is meant by an inh]it$ ta/e = liquor8 #ei4 ,ought a p]son to be puni%$ = a crime committ$ dur+ intoxication8 #fj4 ,%\ld a boy ev] smoke8 #fa4 ,to :at ext5t are we responsible = ! heal? ( our body8 #fb4 ,:y does alcohol t5d to collect 9 ! bra98 #fc4 ,does ! use ( alcohol t5d to increase crime & pov]ty8 ,,viii4 ,,! ,,special ,,s5ses4 ,see h[ yon beam ( seem+ :ite ,is braid$1 out ( sev5-hu$ light2 ,yet 9 ^? lucid globes no ray ,by any *ance %all break a/ray4 ,h>k1 h[ ! roll+ surge ( s\nd1 ,ar*es & spirals circl+ r\nd1 ,wakes ! hu%'d _s ?r\gh ?9e e> ,) music x is heav5 to he>4 ,,holmes4 ,let u rememb] t if we get a glimpse ( ! details ( natural ph5om5a1 & ( ^? movem5ts :i* con/itute life1 x is n 9 consid]+ !m z a :ole1 b 9 analyz+ !m z f> z our limit$ means w p]mit4 ,9 ! vibrations ( ! globe ( air :i* surr\nds our planet1 z 9 ! undulations ( ! e!r :i* fills ! imm5sity ( space1 x is always by molecules :i* are intangible = u1 put 9 motion by nature1 always by ! inf9itely little1 t %e acts 9 excit+ ! organs ( s5se1 & %e has model$ ^! organs 9 a proportion :i* enables !m to p>take 9 ! movem5t :i* %e impresses ^u ! univ]se4 ,%e c pa9t ) equal facility on a fraction ( a l9e ( space on ! ret9a1 ! gr&e/ l&scape or ! n]velets ( a rose leaf2 ! cele/ial vault on :i* ,sirius is b a lum9\s po9t1 or ! sp>kl+ du/ ( a butt]fly's w+2 ! ro> ( ! tempe/1 ! roll ( ?und]1 ! e*o ( an avalan*e1 f9d equal place 9 ! labyr9? ^: almo/ imp]ceptible cavities seem de/9$ to receive only ! mo/ delicate s\nds4 #a4 ,,! ,,t\*444 #a4 ,description ( ! ,organ4 #b4 ,its ,uses4 #b4 ,,! ,,ta/e444 #a4 ,description ( ! ,organ4 #b4 ,its ,uses4 #c4 ,,! ,,smell444 #a4 ,description ( ! ,organ4 #b4 ,its ,uses4 #a4 ,description ( ! a4 ,ext]nal ,e>4 ,organ444444444444444 b4 ,middle ,e>4 #d4 ,,! ,,he>+4 c4 ,int]nal ,e>4 #b4 ,h[ we ,he> #c4 ,hygi5e ( ! ,e>4 #a4 ,description ( ! ,organ4 #b4 ,eyelids1 & ,te>s4 #c4 ,/ructure ( ! ,ret9a4 #e4 ,,! ,,sight444 #d4 ,h[ we see4 #e4 ,! ,use ( ! ,cry/all9e ,l5s4 #f4 ,ne> & ,f> ,sight4 #g4 ,color ,bl9dness4 #h4 ,hygi5e ( ! ,eyes4 ,,! ,,special ,,s5ses #a4 ,,t\*4 ,,description4--,t\* is sometimes call$ ! common s5se1 s9ce its n]ves are spread ov] ! :ole body4 ,x is mo/ delicate1 h[ev]1 9 ! po9t ( ! tongue & ! tips ( ! f+]s4 ,! surface ( ! cutis is cov]$ ) m9ute1 conical projections call$ papill 7,fig4 #bd74 ,footnote3 ,9 ! palm ( ! h&1 :]e !re are at lea/ twelve ?\s& 9 a squ>e in*1 we c see ! f9e ridges along :i* !y are arrang$4 ,ea* "o ( ^! papill conta9s its t9y n]ve twigs1 :i* receive ! impression & transmit x to ! bra91 :]e ! p]ception is produc$4 ,,uses4--,t\* is ! fir/ ( ! s5ses us$ by a *ild4 ,by x we obta9 our idea ( solidity1 & ?r\gh\t life rectify all o!r s5sations4 ,?us1 :5 we see any?+ curi\s1 our fir/ desire is to h&le x4 ,! s5sation ( t\* is g5]ally reli$ ^u1 yet1 if we hold a m>ble 9 ! mann] %[n 9 ,fig4 #eg1 x w seem l two m>bles2 & if we t\* ! f+]s ?us cross$ to our tongue1 we %all seem to feel two tongues4 ,aga91 if we close our eyes & let ano!r p]son move "o ( our f+]s ov] a plane surface1 fir/ lightly1 !n ) great] pressure1 & !n lightly aga91 we %all ?9k ! surface concave4 ,,fig4 #eg4 ,illu/ration3 ,?is organ is capable ( wond]ful cultivation4 ,! physician acquires by practice ! tactus eruditus1 or le>n$ t\*1 :i* is (t5 ( great s]vice1 :ile ! delicacy ( t\* possess$ by ! bl9d almo/ comp5sates ! loss ( ! abs5t s5se4 ,footnote3 ,! sympa?y betwe5 ! diff]5t organs %[s h[ !y all comb9e to make a home = ! m9d4 ,:5 "o s5se fails1 ! o!rs endeavor to rem$y ! defect4 ,x is t\*+ to see h[ ! bl9d man gets along )\t eyes1 & ! deaf )\t e>s4 ,cu?b]t1 ?\gh bl9d1 0 ! mo/ effici5t poli%] ( telescopic mirrors 9 ,london4 ,saund]son1 ! successor ( ,newton z pr(essor ( ma!matics at ,cambridge1 c\ld di/+ui% betwe5 real & spuri\s m$als4 ,!re is an in/ance record$ ( a bl9d man :o c\ld recognize colors4 ,! au?or knew "o :o c\ld tell :5 he 0 approa*+ a tree1 by :at he describ$ z ! diff]5t feel+ ( ! air4 7,see p4 #cdf47 #b4 ,,ta/e4 ,,description4--,?is s5se is locat$ 9 ! papill ( ! tongue & palate4 ,^! papilla />t up :5 ta/+1 z y c see by plac+ a drop ( v9eg> on ano!r p]son's tongue1 or y\r own be=e a mirror4 ,! velvety look ( ?is organ is giv5 by hair-l projections ( ! cuticle ^u "s ( ! papill4 ,!y absorb ! liquid to be ta/$1 & convey x to ! n]ves4 ,footnote3 ,an insoluble sub/ance is !re=e ta/eless4 ,! back ( ! tongue is mo/ s5sitive to salt & bitt] sub/ances1 &1 z ?is "p is suppli$ by ! n9? pair ( n]ves 7,fig4 #ef71 9 sympa?y ) ! /oma*1 su* flavors1 by sympa?y1 (t5 produce vomit+4 ,! edges ( ! tongue are mo/ s5sitive to sweet & s\r sub/ances1 & z ?is "p is suppli$ by ! fif? pair ( n]ves1 :i* also goes to ! face1 an acid1 by sympa?y1 di/orts ! c\nt5ance4 ,,fig4 #eh4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,tongue1 %[+ ! sev]al k9ds ( ,papill--! conical 7,d7 ! :ip l 7,k1 ,i71 ! circumvallate or entr5*$ 7,h1 ,l72 ,e1 ,f1 ,g1 n]ves2 ,c1 glottis4--,,lanke/]4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,ta/e 0 orig9ally to guide 9 ! selection ( food2 b ?is s5se has become s deprav$ by condim5ts & ! =ce ( habit t x w\ld be a difficult task to tell :at are "o's natural ta/es4 #c4 ,,smell4 ,footnote3 ,! s5se ( smell is s intimately connect$ ) t ( ta/e t we (t5 fail to di/+ui% betwe5 !m4 ,g>lic1 vanilla1 c(fee & v>i\s spices1 :i* seem to h su* di/9ct ta/e1 h really a p[]ful odor1 b a feeble flavor4 ,,description4--,! nose1 ! seat ( ! s5se ( smell1 is compos$ ( c>tilage cov]$ ) muscles & sk91 & jo9$ to ! skull by small bones4 ,! no/rils op5 at ! back into ! ph>ynx1 & are l9$ by a cont9uation ( ! muc\s membrane ( ! ?roat4 ,! olfactory n]ves 7fir/ pair1 ,fig4 #ee7 ent] ?r\gh a sieve-l1 bony plate at ! ro( ( ! nose1 & are di/ribut$ ov] ! inn] surface ( ! two olfactory *amb]s4 7,see p4 #cdf47 ,! object to be smell$ ne$ n t\* ! nose1 b t9y p>ticles borne on ! air ent] ! nasal passages4 ,footnote3 ,?ree qu>t]s ( a gra9 ( musk plac$ 9 a room w cause a p[]ful smell = a consid]able l5g? ( "t )\t any s5sible dim9ution 9 weight1 & ! box 9 :i* musk has be5 plac$ reta9s ! p]fume = almo/ an indef9ite p]iod4 ,hall] relates t "s pap]s :i* _h be5 p]fum$ by a gra9 ( amb]gris1 7 /ill v odorif]\s aft] a lapse ( =ty ye>s4 ,odors are transport$ by ! air to a consid]able di/ance4 ,a dog recognizes 8 ma/]'s approa* by smell ev5 :5 he is f> away2 & we are assur$ by navigators t ! w9ds br+ ! delici\s odors ( ! balmy =e/s ( ,ceylon to a di/ance ( t5 leagues f ! coa/4 ,ev5 aft] mak+ due all[ance = ! effects ( ! imag9ation1 x is c]ta9 t odors act z an excitant on ! bra91 :i* may be dang]\s :5 long cont9u$4 ,!y are especially dread$ by ! ,roman wom54 ,x is well kn[n t 9 anci5t times ! wom5 ( ,rome indulg$ 9 a mo/ immod]ate use ( ba?s & p]fumes2 b ^? ( our times h no?+ 9 common ) !m 9 ?is respect2 & ! words ( a lady are quot$1 :o said on admir+ an artificial rose1 ,x is all ! m beautiful t x has no smell4 ,we are w>n$ by ! prov]b n to discuss colors or ta/es1 & we may add odors also4 ,m5 & nations diff] s+ul>ly 9 ?is respect4 ,! ,lapl&] & ! ,esquimaux f9d ! smell ( fi% oil delici\s4 ,wrangel says 8 compatriots1 ! ,russians1 are v fond ( ! odor ( pickl$ cabbage1 :i* =ms an important "p ( _! food2 & asaftida1 x is said1 is us$ z a condim5t 9 ,p]sia1 &1 9 spite ( its "n1 !re are p]sons :o d n f9d its odor disagreeable any m ?an t ( val]ian4--,wond]s ( ! ,human body4 ,,fig4 #ei4 ,illu/ration3 ,a1 b1 c1 d1 int]ior ( ! nose1 :i* is l9$ by a muc\s membrane2 n1 ! nose2 e1 ! w+ ( ! nose2 q1 ! nose bones2 o1 ! upp] lip2 g1 section ( ! upp] jaw-bone2 h1 ! upp] "p ( ! m\?1 or h>d palate2 m1 frontal bone ( ! skull2 k1 ! ganglion or bulb ( ! olfactory n]ve 9 ! skull1 f :i* are se5 ! bran*es ( ! n]ve pass+ 9 all directions4 ,,! ,,uses ( ! s5se ( smell are to guide u 9 ! *oice ( our food1 & to w>n u aga9/ bad air1 & unheal?y localities4 7,see p4 #cdh47 #d4 ,,he>+4 ,,description4--,! e> is divid$ into ! ext]nal1 middle1 & int]nal e>4 #a4 ,! ,ext]nal ,e> is a %eet ( c>tilage curi\sly fold$ = cat*+ s\nd4 ,! auditory canal1 ,b1 or tube ( ?is e> trumpet1 is ab\t an in* long4 ,across ! l[] end is /ret*$ ! membrane ( ! tympanum or drum1 :i* is kept s(t by a fluid wax4 ,,fig4 #fj4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,e>4 #b4 ,! ,middle ,e> is a cavity1 at ! bottom ( :i* is ! ,eu/a*ian tube1 ,g1 lead+ to ! m\?4 ,across ?is *amb] hangs a *a9 ( ?ree s+ul> little bones1 ,c1 nam$ f _! %ape ! hamm]1 ! anvil1 & ! /irrup4 ,all toge!r ^! t9y bones weigh only a few gra9s1 yet !y are cov]$ by a p]io/eum1 are suppli$ ) blood vessels1 & !y articulate ) p]fect jo9ts 7"o a ball-&-socket1 ! o!r a h+e71 hav+ synovial membranes1 c>tilages1 ligam5ts1 & muscles4 #c4 ,! ,int]nal ,e>1 or labyr9?1 z x is sometimes call$ f its complex "*1 is holl[$ out ( ! solid bone4 ,9 front1 is ! ve/ibule or ante*amb]1 ,a1 ab\t z l>ge z a gra9 ( :eat2 f x op5 ?ree semicircul> canals1 ,d1 & ! w9d+ /air ( ! co*lea1 or snail %ell1 ,e4 ,"h exp& ! delicate fibrils ( ! auditory n]ve4 ,float+ 9 ! liquid :i* fills ! labyr9? is a little bag conta9+ hair-l bri/les1 f9e s&1 & two e> /ones 7otoli?s74 ,all ^! knock+ aga9/ ! ends ( ! n]ves1 s]ve to increase any impulse giv5 to ! liquid 9 :i* !y lie4 ,f9ally1 to complete ?is delicate app>atus1 9 ! co*lea are m9ute t5drils1 nam$ ! fib]s ( ,corti1 f _! discov]]4 ,^! are regul>ly arrang$1--! longe/ at ! bottom1 & ! %orte/ at ! top4 ,c\ld ?is spiral plate1 :i* coils two & a half times ar\nd1 be unroll$ & made to /& upright1 x w\ld =m a beautiful microscopic h>p ( ?ree ?\s& /r+s4 ,if x 7 possible to /rike ^! cords z "o c ! keybo>d ( a piano1 he c\ld produce 9 ! m9d ( ! p]son exp]im5t$ ^u e v>iety ( tone :i* ! e> c di/+ui%4 ,,h[ ,,we ,,he>4--,:5ev] "o body /rikes ano!r 9 ! air1 waves are produc$1 j z :5 we ?r[ a /one into ! wat] a s]ies ( conc5tric circles surr\nds ! spot :]e x s9ks4 ,^! waves ( air /rike ^u ! membrane4 ,?is vibrates1 & s5ds ! motion along ! *a9 ( bones 9 ! middle e> to ! fluids ( ! labyr9?4 ,"h bri/les1 s&1 & /ones p\nd away1 & ! wondr\s h>p ( ! co*lea1 cat*+ up ! pulsations1 ,footnote3 ,! orig9al motion is con/antly modifi$ by ! m$ium ?r\gh :i* x passes4 ,! bri/les1 otoli?s1 & ,cortian fib]s ( ! e>1 & ! rods & cones ( ! eye 7p4 #bci7 s]ve to conv]t ! vibrations into pulsations :i* act z /imuli ( ! appropriate n]ve4 ,! molecul> *ange ?us produc$ 9 ! n]ve fib]s is propagat$ to ! bra94--,see ,poplu> ,physics1 p4 #ahb4 c>ries !m to ! fib]s ( ! auditory n]ve1 :i* conveys !m to ! bra91 & gives to ! m9d ! idea ( s\nd4 ,,c>e ,,( ,,! ,,e>4--,! delicacy ( ! e> is su* t x ne$s ! greate/ c>e4 ,cold wat] %\ld n be all[$ to ent] ! auditory canal4 ,if ! wax accumulate1 nev] remove x ) a h>d in/rum5t1 le/ ! delicate membrane be injur$1 b ) a little w>m wat]1 aft] :i* turn ! head to let ! wat] run out1 & wipe ! e> dry4 ,! hair ar\nd ! e>s %\ld nev] be left wet1 z x may *ill ?is s5sitive organ4 ,if an insect get 9 ! ext]nal e>1 p\r 9 a little oil to kill x1 & !n remove ) tepid wat]4 ,! object ( ! ,eu/a*ian tube is to admit air into ! e>1 & ?us equalize ! pressure on ! membrane4 ,if x become clos$ by a cold1 or if1 f any cause1 ! pressure be made unequal1 s z to produce an unpleasant feel+ 9 ! e>1 relief may (t5 be obta9$ by grasp+ ! nose & =cibly swall[+4 7,see p4 #cej47 #e4 ,,sight4 ,,fig4 #fa4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,eye4 ,,description4--,! eye is lodg$ 9 a bony cavity1 protect$ by ! ov]hang+ br[4 ,x is a globe1 ab\t an in* 9 diamet]4 ,! ball is cov]$ by ?ree coats--7l7 ! scl]otic1 d1 a t\gh1 horny cas+1 :i* gives %ape to ! eye1 ! convex1 transp>5t "p 9 front =m+ a w9d[1 ! cornea1 d2 7#b7 ! *oroid1 e1 a black l9+1 to absorb ! sup]flu\s light ,footnote3 ,nei!r :ite rabbits nor alb9os h ?is black l9+1 & h5ce _! sight is confus$4 & 7#c7 ! ret9a1 b1 a membrane 9 :i* exp& fib]s ( ! optic n]ve1 o4 ,! cry/all9e l5s1 a1 br+s ! rays ( light to a focus on ! ret9a4 ,! l5s is kept 9 place by ! cili>y processes1 g1 arrang$ l ! rays 9 ! disk ( a passion fl[]4 ,betwe5 ! cornea & ! cry/all9e l5s is a limpid fluid t]m$ ! aque\s humor2 :ile ! vitre\s humor--a transp>5t1 jelly-l liquid fills ! space 7h7 back ( ! cry/all9e l5s4 ,! pupil1 k1 is a hole 9 ! color$1 muscul> curta91 i1 ! iris 7ra9b[74 7,see p4 #ceb47 ,,fig4 #fb4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,eyela%es & ! ,te> ,gl&s4 ,,eyelids ,,& ,,te>s4--,! eyelids are close-fitt+ %utt]s to scre5 ! eye4 ,! inn] side is l9$ ) a muc\s membrane t is exce$+ly s5sitive1 & ?us aids 9 protect+ ! eye f any irritat+ sub/ance4 ,! loos5ess ( ! sk9 favors swell+ f inflammation or ! effusion ( blood1 z 9 a black eye4 ,! eyela%es s]ve z a k9d ( sieve to exclude ! du/1 &1 ) ! lids1 to %ield aga9/ a bl9d+ light4 ,j )9 ! la%es are oil gl&s1 :i* lubricate ! edges ( ! lids1 & prev5t !m f adh]+ to ea* o!r4 ,! te> or la*rymal gl&1 ,g1 is an oblong body lodg$ 9 ! bony wall ( ! orbit4 ,x empties by sev]al ducts ^u ! inn] surface1 at ! out] edge ( ! upp] eyelid4 ,!nce ! te>s1 wa%+ ! eye1 run into ! la*rymal lake1 ,d1 a little bas9 ) a r\nd$ bord] fitt$ = _! reception4 ,on ea* side ( ?is lake two canals1 ,c1 ,c1 dra9 (f ! ov]plus ?r\gh ! duct1 ,b1 into ! nose4 ,9 old age & 9 disease1 ^! canals fail to conduct ! te>s away1 & h5ce ! la*rymal lake ov]fl[s ^u ! face4 ,,fig4 #fc4 ,illu/ration3 ,/ructure ( ! ,ret9a4 ,,/ructure ,,( ,,! ,,ret9a4--,9 ,fig4 #fc is %[n a section ( ! ret9a1 greatly magnifi$1 s9ce ?is membrane nev] exce$s #a_/hj an in* 9 ?ickness4 ,on ! inn] surface next to ! vitre\s humor1 is a l9+ membrane n %[n 9 ! cut4 ,next to ! *oroid & compris+ ab\t #a_/d ! entire ?ickness ( ! ret9a1 is a multitude ( transp>5t1 colorless1 microscopic rods1 a1 ev5ly arrang$ & pack$ side by side1 l ! se$s on ! disk ( a sunfl[]4 ,among !m1 at regul> int]vals1 are int]sp]s$ ! cones1 b4 ,delicate n]ve fib]s pass f ! ends ( ! rods & cones1 ea* exp&+ into a granul> body1 c1 !nce weav+ a me%1 d1 & aga9 exp&+ into ! granules1 f4 ,la/ is a lay] ( f9e n]ve fib]s1 g1 & gray1 ganglionic cells1 h1 l ! gray matt] ( ! bra91 :5ce filam5ts ext5d into i1 ! fib]s ( ! optic n]ve4 7,see p4 #ced47 ,! lay] ( rods & cones is to ! eye :at ! bri/les1 otoli?s1 & ,cortian fib]s are to ! e>4 ,inde$1 ! n]ve itself is ins5sible to light4 ,at ! po9t :]e x ent]s ! eye1 !re are no rods & cones1 & ?is is call$ ! bl9d spot4 ,a simple exp]im5t w illu/rate ! fact4 ,hold ?is book directly be=e ! face1 &1 clos+ ! left eye1 look /eadily ) ! "r at ! left-h& circle 9 ,fig4 #fd4 ,move ! book back & =?1 & a po9t w be f\nd :]e ! "r-h& circle vani%es f sight4 ,at t mom5t its light falls ^u ! spot :]e ! rods & cones are lack+4 ,,fig4 #fd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h[ ,,we ,,see4--,!re is believ$ to be a k9d ( univ]sal atmosph]e1 t]m$ e!r1 fill+ all space4 ,?is sub/ance is inf9itely m subtle ?an ! air1 & occupies its pores1 z well z ^? ( all o!r sub/ances4 ,z s\nd is caus$ by waves 9 ! atmosph]e1 s light is produc$ by waves 9 ! e!r4 ,a lamplight1 = example1 sets 9 motion waves ( e!r1 :i* pass 9 ?r\gh ! pupil ( ! eye1 to ! ret9a1 :]e ! rods & cones transmit ! vibration ?r\gh ! optic n]ve to ! bra91 & !n ! m9d p]ceives ! light4 7,note1 p4 #bcf47 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,cry/all9e ,,l5s4 ,footnote3 ,! uses ( ! eye & e> are dep5d5t ^u ! pr9ciples ( ,optics & ,ac\/ics4 ,!y are !re=e be/ treat$ 9 ,physics4--,a convex l5s1 z a common burn+ glass1 b5ds ! rays ( light :i* pass ?r\gh x1 s t !y meet at a po9t call$ ! focus4 ,! cry/all9e l5s conv]ges ! rays ( light :i* ent] ! eye1 & br+s !m to a focus on ! ret9a4 ,footnote3 ,! cornea & ! humors ( ! eye act 9 ! same mann] z ! cry/all9e l5s1 b n s p[]fully4 ,! heal?y l5s has a p[] ( *ang+ its convexity s z to adapt ,footnote3 ,! simple/ way ( exp]im5t+ on ! adju/m5t ( ! eye is to /ick two /\t ne$les upright into a /raight piece ( wood1--n exactly1 b ne>ly 9 ! same /raight l9e1 s t1 on apply+ ! eye to "o end ( ! piece ( wood1 "o ne$le 7,a7 %all be se5 ab\t six in*es (f1 & ! o!r 7,b7 j on "o side ( x1 at twelve in*es di/ance4 ,if ! obs]v] looks at ! ne$le ,b he w f9d t he sees x v di/9ctly1 & )\t ! lea/ s5se ( ef=t2 b ! image ( ,a is blurr$1 & m or less d\ble4 ,n[1 let him try to make ?is blurr$ image ( ! ne$le ,a di/9ct4 ,he w f9d he c d s readily en\gh1 b t ! act is accompani$ by a s5se ( fatigue4 ,& 9 proportion z ,a becomes di/9ct1 ,b w become blurr$4 ,nor w any ef=t enable him to see ,a & ,b di/9ctly at ! same "t4--,,huxley4 itself to ne> & to di/ant objects4 7,see ,fig4 #ff47 ,,fig4 #fe4 ,illu/ration3 ,diagram %[+ h[ an image ( an object is =m$ ^u ! ,ret9a by ! ,cry/all9e ,l5s4 ,,ne> ,,& ,,f> ,,sight4--,if ! l5s be too convex1 x w br+ ! rays to a focus be=e !y rea* ! ret9a2 if too flat1 !y w rea* ! ret9a be=e com+ to a focus4 ,9 ei!r case1 ! sight w be indi/9ct4 ,a m common defect1 h[ev]1 is 9 ! %ape ( ! globe ( ! eye1 :i* is ei!r flatt5$ or elongat$4 ,9 ! =m] case 7see ,g1 ,fig4 #fg71 objects at a di/ance c be se5 mo/ di/9ctly-- h5ce t is call$ f>sight$ness4 ,footnote3 ,?is %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) ! long sight ( old p1 :i* is caus$ by ! /iffness ( ! cili>y muscles1 :]eby ! l5s c n adapt itself to ! v>y+ di/ances ( objects4 ,9 ! latt]1 objects ne> by are cle>]1 & h5ce ?is is t]m$ ne>sight$ness4 ,f>sight$ness is rem$i$ by convex glasses2 ne>sight$ness1 by concave4 ,:5 glasses w improve ! sight !y %\ld be worn2 ,footnote3 ,dr4 ,h5ry ,w4 ,williams1 ! celebrat$ oph?almologi/1 says t1 9 "s cases1 glasses are m necess>y at six or eight ye>s ( age ?an to ! majority ( heal?y eyes at sixty4 ,sometimes *ildr5 f9d accid5tally t !y c see bett] ?r\gh gr&mo!r's spectacles4 ,!y %\ld !n be suppli$ ) _! own4 any delay w be liable to injure ! eyes1 by /ra9+ _! already impair$ p[]4 ,cat>act is a disease 9 :i* !re is an opacity ( ! cry/all9e l5s or its capsules1 :i* obscures ! vision4 ,! l5s may be caus$ to be absorb$1 or may be remov$ by a skillful surgeon & ! defect rem$i$ by we>+ convex glasses4 ,,fig4 #ff4 ,illu/ration3 ,adju/m5t ( ! ,cry/all9e ,l5s4--,a1 = f> objects1 & ,b1 = ne>4 ,,fig4 #fg4 ,illu/ration3 ,diagram illu/rat+ ! position ( ! ,ret9a4--,b1 9 natural sight2 ,g1 9 f> sight2 & ,c1 9 ne> sight4 ,,color-,,bl9d ,,p]sons receive only two ( ! ?ree elem5t>y color s5sations 7gre51 r$1 violet74 ,! spectrum appe>s to !m to consi/ ( two decid$ly diff]5t colors1 ) a b& ( neutral t9t betwe54 ,! extreme r$ end is invisible1 & a bright sc>let & a deep gre5 appe> alike4 ,!y are unable to di/+ui% betwe5 ! leaves ( a *]ry tree & its fruit by ! color ( ! two1 & see no diff]5ce betwe5 blue & yell[ clo?4 ,:itti]1 ! poet1 x is said1 c\ld n tell r$ f gre5 unless 9 direct sunlight4 ,once he pat*$ "s damag$ wall pap] 9 8 libr>y by mat*+ a gre5 v9e 9 ! patt]n ) "o ( a bright autumnal crimson4 ,?is defect 9 ! eye is (t5 unnotic$1 & _m railway accid5ts h d\btless happ5$ ?r\gh an inability to detect ! color ( signal lights4 ,,c>e ,,( ,,! ,,eyes4--,! %ape ( ! eye c n be *ang$ by rubb+ & press+ x1 z _m suppose1 b ! sight may ?us be fatally injur$4 ,*ildr5 tr\bl$ by ne>sight$ness %\ld n lean =w>d at _! "w1 z !reby ! vessels ( ! eye become ov]*>g$ ) blood4 ,!y %\ld avoid f9e pr9t1 & try1 9 e possible way1 to sp>e _! eyes4 ,if middle age be rea*$ )\t especial difficulty ( sight1 ! p]son is comp>atively safe4 ,mo/ cases ( squ9t+ are caus$ by longsight$ness1 ! muscles be+ /ra9$ 9 ! ef=t to obta9 di/9ct vision4 ,9 *ildhood1 x may be cur$ by a compet5t surgeon1 :o w g5]ally cut ! muscle t draws ! eye out ( place4 ,aft] any sev]e illness1 especially aft] measles1 sc>lat9a1 or typhoid fev]1 ! eyes %\ld be us$ ) extreme caution1 s9ce !y %>e 9 ! g5]al debility ( ! body1 & recov] _! /r5g? sl[ly4 ,heal?y eyes ev5 %\ld nev] be us$ to read f9e pr9t or by a dim light4 ,s]i\s injury may be caus$ by an imprud5ce ( ?is k9d4 ,read+ ^u ! c>s is also a fruitful s\rce ( h>m4 ,! l5s1 /riv+ to adapt itself to ! incessantly v>y+ di/ance ( ! page1 soon becomes we>i$4 ,:5ev] ! eyes beg9 to a*e1 x is a w>n+ t !y are be+ ov]tax$ & ne$ re/4 ,objects t get into ! eye %\ld be remov$ be=e !y cause inflammation2 rubb+ 9 ! meantime only irritates & increases ! s5sitiv5ess4 ,if ! eye be %ut = a few mom5ts1 s z to let ! te>s accumulate1 & ! upp] lid be !n lift$ by tak+ hold ( x at ! c5t]1 ! c9d] or du/ is (t5 wa%$ away at once4 ,trifl+ objects c be remov$ by simply draw+ ! upp] lid z f> z possible ov] ! l[] "o2 :5 ! lid flies back to its place1 ! friction w deta* any light sub/ance4 ,if x becomes necess>y1 turn ! upp] lid ov] a p5cil1 & ! intrud] may !n be wip$ (f ) a h&k]*ief4 ,eye-/ones are a popul> delusion4 ,:5 !y seem to take out a c9d]1 x is only because !y raise ! eyelid1 & all[ ! te>s to wa% x out4 ,no "o %\ld ev] use an eyewa%1 except by m$ical advice4 ,! eye is too delicate an organ to be trifl$ )1 & :5 any disease is suspect$1 a reliable physician %\ld be consult$4 ,?is is especially necess>y1 s9ce1 :5 "o eye is injur$1 ! o!r1 by sympa?y1 is liable to become inflam$1 & p]haps be de/roy$4 ,:5 read+ or work+1 ! light %\ld be at ! left side1 or at ! re>2 nev] 9 front4 ,! con/ant increase ( defective eyesight among ! pupils 9 our s*ools is an al>m+ fact4 ,dr4 ,agnew consid]s t our s*oolrooms are fa/ mak+ u a spectacle-us+ p4 ,ne>sight$ness seems to increase f class to class1 until 9 ! upp] dep>tm5ts1 !re are sometimes z high z fifty p] c5t ( ! pupils ?us afflict$4 ,! causes are 7#a71 desks s plac$ z to make ! light f ! w9d[s %9e directly into ! eyes ( ! s*ol>s2 7#b71 cross lights f opposite w9d[s2 7#c71 insuffici5t light2 7#d71 small type t /ra9s ! eyes2 & 7#e71 ! position ( ! pupil z he b5ds ov] 8 desk or slate1 caus+ ! blood to settle 9 8 eyes4 ,all ^! causes c be rem$i$2 ! position ( ! desks c be *ang$2 w9d[s c be %ad$1 or new ones ins]t$2 books & newspap]s t try ! eyes c be reject$2 & e pupil c be taught h[ to sit at /udy4 ,,practical ,,que/ions4 #a4 ,:y does a laundress te/ ! temp]ature ( h] flatiron by hold+ x ne> h] *eek8 #b4 ,:5 we are cold1 :y d we spread ! palms ( our h&s be=e ! fire8 #c4 ,:at is meant by a furr$ tongue8 #d4 ,:y has s& or sulphur no ta/e8 #e4 ,:at 0 ! orig9 ( ! ^w palatable8 #f4 ,:y does a cold 9 ! head injure ! flavor ( our c(fee8 #g4 ,"n "s s-call$ flavors t are really s5sations ( t\*4 #h4 ,:at is ! object ( ! hairs 9 ! no/rils8 #i4 ,:at use does ! nose subs]ve 9 ! process ( respiration8 #aj4 ,:y d we sometimes hold ! nose :5 we take unpleasant m$ic9e8 #aa4 ,:y 0 ! nose plac$ ov] ! m\?8 #ab4 ,describe h[ ! h& is adapt$ to be ! in/rum5t ( t\*4 #ac4 ,besides be+ ! organ ( ta/e1 :at use does ! tongue subs]ve8 #ad4 ,:y is n ! act ( ta/+ complete until we swall[8 #ae4 ,:y d all ?+s h ! same flavor :5 "o's tongue is furr$ by fev]8 #af4 ,:i* s5se is ! m useful--he>+ or sight8 #ag4 ,:i* coat is ! :ite ( ! eye8 #ah4 ,:at makes ! diff]5ce 9 ! color ( eyes8 #ai4 ,:y d we snuff ! air :5 we wi% to obta9 a di/9ct smell8 #bj4 ,:y d r$-hot iron & froz5 m]cury 7-#dj7 produce ! same s5sation8 #ba4 ,:y c an eld]ly p]son dr9k tea :i* to a *ild w\ld be unbe>ably hot8 #bb4 ,:y does an old man hold 8 pap] s f> f 8 eyes8 #bc4 ,w\ld y r be puni%$ on ! tips ( y\r f+]s ?an on ! palm ( y\r h&8 #bd4 ,:at is ! object ( ! eyela%es8 ,are ! hairs /raight8 #be4 ,:at is ! use ( w9k+8 #bf4 ,:5 y w9k1 d ! eyelids t\* at once along _! :ole l5g?8 ,:y8 #bg4 ,h[ _m r[s ( hairs are !re 9 ! eyela%es8 #bh4 ,d all nations h eyes ( ! same %ape8 #bi4 ,:y does snuff tak+ cause a fl[ ( te>s8 #cj4 ,:y does a fall cause "o to see />s8 #ca4 ,:y c we n see ) ! nose1 or smell ) ! eyes8 #cb4 ,:at causes ! r\ghness ( a cat's tongue8 #cc4 ,is ! cuticle ess5tial to t\*8 #cd4 ,c "o tickle himself8 #ce4 ,:y does a bitt] ta/e (t5 produce vomit+8 #cf4 ,is !re any dang] 9 look+ crossey$ = fun8 #cg4 ,%\ld s*oolroom desks face a w9d[8 #ch4 ,:y d we look at a p]son to :om we are li/5+ att5tively8 #ci4 ,d we really feel ) our f+]s8 #dj4 ,is ! eye a p]fect sph]e8 7,see ,fig4 #fa47 #da4 ,h[ (t5 d we w9k8 #db4 ,:y is ! int]ior ( a telescope or microscope (t5 pa9t$ black8 #dc4 ,:at is ! apple ( ! eye8 #dd4 ,:at =m ( glasses d old p require8 #de4 ,%\ld we ev] wa% our e>s ) cold wat]8 #df4 ,:at is ! object ( ! w9d+ passages 9 ! nose8 #dg4 ,c a smok] tell 9 ! d>k1 :e!r or n 8 cig> is light$8 #dh4 ,w a n]ve reunite aft] x has be5 cut8 #di4 ,w ! sight give u an idea ( solidity8 ,footnote3 ,a case occurr$ a few ye>s ago1 9 ,london1 :]e a fri5d ( my own p]=m$ an op]ation ^u a "y woman :o _h be5 born bl9d1 &1 ?\gh an attempt _h be5 made 9 e>ly ye>s to cure h]1 x _h fail$4 ,%e 0 able j to di/+ui% l>ge objects1 ! g5]al %ad[1 z x 71 )\t any di/9ct p]ception ( =m1 & to di/+ui% light f d>kness4 ,%e c\ld "w well ) h] ne$le by ! t\*1 & c\ld use h] scissors & bodk9 & o!r implem5ts by ! tra9+ ( h] h&1 s to speak1 alone ,well1 my fri5d happ5$ to see h]1 & he exam9$ h] eyes1 & told h] t he ?\ght he c\ld get h] sight re/or$2 at any rate1 x 0 wor? a trial4 ,! op]ation succe$$2 &1 be+ a man ( intellig5ce & q aw>e ( ! int]e/ ( su* a case1 he c>efully /udi$ & obs]v$ x2 & he completely confirm$ all t _h be5 previ\sly laid d[n by ! exp]i5ce ( simil> cases4 ,!re 0 "o little incid5t :i* w give y an idea ( ! education :i* is requir$ = :at y w\ld suppose is a ?+ p]fectly simple & obvi\s4 ,%e c\ld n di/+ui% by sight ! ?+s t %e 0 p]fectly famili> ) by ! t\*1 at lea/ :5 !y 7 fir/ pres5t$ to h] eyes4 ,%e c\ld n recognize ev5 a pair ( scissors4 ,n[1 y w\ld h suppos$ t a pair ( scissors1 ( all ?+s 9 ! _w1 hav+ be5 cont9ually us$ by h]1 & _! =m hav+ become p]fectly famili> to h] h&s1 w\ld h be5 mo/ readily recogniz$ by h] sight2 & yet %e did n "k :at !y 72 %e _h n an idea until %e 0 told1 & !n %e laugh$1 z %e said1 at h] own /upidity4 ,no /upidity at all2 %e _h nev] le>n$ x1 & x 0 "o ( ^? ?+s :i* %e c\ld n "k )\t le>n+4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ cases ( ?is k9d 0 relat$ by ! celebrat$ ,*eseld51 a surgeon ( ! e>ly "p ( la/ c5tury4 ,*eseld5 relates h[ a y\? j 9 ?is condition _h be5 accu/om$ to play ) a cat & a dog2 b = "s "t aft] he atta9$ 8 sight he nev] c\ld tell :i* 0 :i*1 & us$ to be cont9ually mak+ mi/akes4 ,"o day1 be+ r a%am$ ( himself = hav+ call$ ! cat ! dog1 he took up ! cat 9 8 arms & look$ at h] v att5tively = "s "t /rok+ h] all ! :ile2 & 9 ?is way he associat$ ! impression d]iv$ f ! t\*1 & made himself ma/] 7s to speak7 ( ! :ole idea ( ! animal4 ,he !n put ! cat d[n1 say+3 ,n[1 puss1 ,i %all "k y ano!r "t4--,,c>p5t]4 #ej4 ,:y c a skillful surgeon det]m9ate ! condition ( ! bra9 & o!r int]nal organs by exam9+ ! int]ior ( ! eye8 ,footnote3 ,?is is done by means ( an in/rum5t call$ ! oph?almoscope4 ,light is ?r[n into ! eye ) a concave mirror1 & ! int]ior ( ! organ exam9$ ) a l5s4 #ea4 ,is !re any tru? 9 ! idea t ! image ( ! murd]] c be se5 9 ! eye ( ! dead victim8 #eb4 ,:at is ! l5g? ( ! optic n]ve8 ,ans4 ,ab\t ?ree f\r?s ( an in*4 #ec4 ,:y does an injury to "o eye g5]ally affect ! o!r eye8 ,ans4 ,! optic n]ves give (f no bran*es 9 pass+ f _! orig9 9 two ganglia situat$ betwe5 ! c]ebrum & ! c]ebellum1 & _! t]m9ation 9 ! eyeballs2 b1 9 ! middle ( _! c\rse1 !y decussate1 or unite 9 "o mass4 ,! fib]s ( ! two n]ves "h pass f side to side1 & int]m+le4 ,! two ganglia are also unit$ directly by fib]s4 ,?us ! eyes are n really sep>ate organs ( sight1 b a k9d ( d\ble organ to p]=m1 a s+le function4 ,,ix4 ,,heal? ,,& ,,disease4--,,dea? ,,& ,,decay4 ,heal? is ! vital pr9ciple ( bliss4 ,,?omson4 ,!re are ?ree wicks to ! lamp ( a man's life3 bra91 blood1 & brea?4 ,press ! bra9 a little1 its light goes out1 foll[$ by bo? ! o!rs4 ,/op ! he>t a m9ute1 & out g all ?ree ( ! wicks4 ,*oke ! air out ( ! lungs1 & pres5tly ! fluid ceases to supply ! o!r c5t]s ( flame1 & all is soon /agnation1 cold1 & d>kness4 ,o4 ,w4 ,,holmes4 ,calmly he look$ on ei!r ,life1 & "h ,saw no?+ to regret1 or !re to fe>2 ,f ,nature's temp'rate fea/ rose satisfy'd1 ,?ank'd ,heav5 t he _h liv$1 & t he di$4 ,,pope4 ,,heal? ,,& ,,disease4--,,dea? ,,& ,,decay4 ,,value ,,( ,,heal?4--,! body is ! in/rum5t :i* ! m9d uses4 ,if x be dull$ or nick$1 ! effect ( ! be/ labor w be impair$4 ,! gr&e/ gifts ( m9d or =tune are comp>atively valueless unless !re be a heal?y body to use & enjoy !m4 ,! begg>1 /urdy & brave ) 8 outdoor life1 is really happi] ?an ! ri* man 9 8 palace ) ! g\t to tw+e him amid 8 pleasures4 ,! day has gone by :5 delicacy is consid]$ an elem5t ( beauty4 ,weakness is timid & irresolute2 /r5g? is full ( =ce & en]gy4 ,weakness walks or creeps2 /r5g? spe$s ! race1 w9s ! goal1 & rejoices 9 ! victory4 ,,false ,,ideas ,,( ,,disease4--,x 0 =m]ly suppos$ t diseases 7 caus$ by evil spirits1 :o ent]$ ! body1 & d]ang$ its action4 ,incantations1 spells1 etc41 7 resort$ to 9 ord] to drive !m out4 ,by o!rs1 disease 0 ?\ght to come arbitr>ily1 or z a special visitation ( an ov]rul+ p[]4 ,h5ce1 x 0 to be remov$ by fa/+ & pray]4 ,mod]n sci5ce tea*es u t disease is n a ?+1 b a /ate4 ,:5 our food is prop]ly assimilat$1 ! wa/e matt] promptly excret$1 & all ! organs "w 9 h>mony1 we are well2 :5 any d]angem5t ( ^! functions occurs1 we are sick4 ,sickness is discord1 z heal? is concord4 ,if we abuse or misuse any in/rum5t1 we impair its ability to produce a p]fect h>mony4 ,a suff]+ body is simply ! p5alty ( violat$ law4 ,,prev5tion ,,( ,,disease4--,d\btless a l>ge proportion ( ! ills :i* n[ afflict & rob u ( s mu* "t & pleasure might easily be avoid$4 ,a prop] k & obs]vance ( hygi5ic laws w\ld greatly less5 ! numb] ( su* diseases z consumption1 cat>rh1 g\t1 rheumatism1 dyspepsia1 etc4 ,!re are p>ts ( ,engl& :]e "o half ! *ildr5 die be=e !y are five ye>s old4 ,e physiologi/ kn[s t at lea/ n9e t5?s ( ^! lives c\ld be sav$ by an obs]vance ( ! simple laws ( heal?4 ,pr(essor ,b5net1 9 a lecture at ,ed9burgh1 e/imat$ t "o hundr$ ?\s& p]sons die annually 9 ,great ,brita9 f causes easily prev5table4 ,) ! advance ( sci5ce1 ! causes ( _m diseases h be5 det]m9$4 ,vacc9ation has be5 f\nd to prev5t or mitigate ! ravages ( smallpox4 ,scurvy1 =m]ly s fatal among sailors t x 0 deem$ a my/]i\s infliction ( ,div9e ,ju/ice aga9/ :i* man /rives 9 va91 is n[ entirely avoid$ by ! use ( vegetables or lime juice4 ,*ol]a1 ^: approa* /ill /rikes dread1 & = :i* !re is no kn[n specific1 is b ! p5alty = fil?y /reets1 bad dra9age1 & ov]cr[d$ t5em5ts1 & may be controll$1 if n prev5t$1 by suitable sanit>y measures4 ,x 01 no d\bt1 ! int5tion t we %\ld we> out by ! g5]al decay ( all ! organs1 ,footnote3 ,s long z ! ph5om5a ( wa/e & repair are 9 h>mony--s long1 9 o!r words1 z ! build] foll[s ! scav5g]--s long man exi/s 9 integrity & repair--j1 inde$1 z h\ses exi/4 ,d]ange nutrition1 & at once deg5]ation1 or r let u say1 alt]ation beg9s4 ,alas6 t we are s ignorant t !re are _m ?+s ab\t our h\se1 :i*1 see+ !m1 weak51 we "k n h[ to /r5g!n4 ,ab\t ! brick & ! mort>1 ! frame & ! raft]s1 we are n unle>n$2 b )9 are _m complexities1 _m *9ks & crannies1 full 9 !mselves ( second>y *9ks & crannies1 & ^! s small1 s deep1 s recess$1 t x happ5s e day t ! de/roy] settles himself 9 "s place s obscure1 t1 :ile he kills1 he laughs at defiance4 ,y or ,i meet ) an accid5t 9 our wat*4 ,we consult ! wat*mak]1 & he repairs ! injury4 ,if we 7 all t wat*mak]s1 l ourselves1 %\ld be1 a man c\ld be made to keep "t until he di$ f old age or annihilat+ accid5t4 ,?is ,i firmly & fully believe4--,odd ,h\rs ( a ,physician4 r ?an by ! giv+ out ( any s+le "p1 & t all %\ld "w toge!r h>moni\sly until ! vital =ce is exhau/$4 ,,cure ,,( ,,disease4--,! fir/ /ep 9 ! cure ( any disease is to obey ! law ( heal? :i* has be5 violat$4 ,if m$ic9e be tak51 x is n to de/roy ! disease1 s9ce t is n a ?+ to be de/roy$1 b to hold ! d]ang$ action 9 *eck :ile nature repairs ! injury1 & aga9 br+s ! sy/em into h>moni\s movem5t4 ,?is t5d5cy ( nature is our *ief reliance4 ,! be/ physicians are com+ to h dim9i%$ confid5ce 9 m$ic9e itself1 & to place great] dep5d5ce ^u sanit>y & hygi5ic measures1 & ^u ! ef=ts :i* nature always makes to repair injuries & soo! disord]$ action4 ,!y endeavor only to give to nature a fair *ance1 & sometimes to assi/ h] by ! intellig5t employm5t ( prop] m$ic9es4 ,! indiscrim9ate use ( pat5t no/rums & sov]eign rem$ies ( ^: con/itu5ts we "k no?+1 & by :i* p[]ful drugs are imbib$ at haphaz>d1 c n be too greatly deprecat$4 ,:5 "o ne$s m$ic9e1 he ne$s also a compet5t physician to advise its use4 ,,dea? ,,& ,,decay4--,by a my/]y we c n und]/&1 life is l9k$ ) dea?1 & out ( ! decay ( our bodies !y1 day by day1 spr+ afre%4 ,at la/ ! vital =ce :i* has held dea? & decay 9 bondage1 & compell$ !m to m9i/] to our gr[?1 & to s]ve ! ne$s ( our life1 fa9ts & yields ! /ruggle4 ,^! p[]s :i* h s long "t be5 our s]vants1 ga!r ab\t our dy+ c\*1 & _! la/ (fices u%] u into ! new life & ! gr&] possibilities ( ! _w to come4 ,?is la/ bir?1 we :o see ! fad+1 n ! dawn+1 life1 call dea?4 ,o ,fa!r6 grant ,?y love div9e1 ,to make ^! my/ic temples ,?9e1 ,:5 wa/+ age & we>y+ /rife ,h sapp'd ! lean+ walls ( life2 ,:5 d>kness ga!rs ov] all1 ,& ! la/ tott]+ pill>s fall1 ,take ! poor du/ ,?y m]cy w>ms1 ,& mold x into heav5ly =ms4 ,,holmes4 ,,h9ts ,,ab\t ,,! ,,sick ,,room ,a ,,sick ,,room %\ld be ! lighte/ & *e]ie/ 9 ! h\se4 ,a small1 close1 d>k b$room or a recess is bad en\gh = "o 9 heal?1 b un5durable = a sick p]son4 ,9 a case ( fev]1 & 9 _m acute diseases1 x %\ld be remote f ! noise ( ! family2 b :5 "o is recov]+ f an accid5t1 & 9 all attacks :]e quiet is n ne$$1 ! pati5t may be :]e he c amuse himself by wat*+ ! movem5ts ( ! h\sehold1 or look+ out ^u ! /reet4 ,! v5tilation mu/ be ?or\gh4 ,bad air w poison bo? ! sick & ! well4 ,a fireplace is1 !re=e1 desirable4 ,w9d[s %\ld op5 easily4 ,by c>efully protect+ ! pati5t ) extra blankets1 ! room may be frequ5tly air$4 ,if !re be no direct draught1 mu* may be done to *ange ! air1 by simply sw++ an out] door to & fro _m times4 ,a b>e floor1 ) /rips ( c>pet "h & !re to dead5 noise1 is cleane/1 & keeps ! air free/ f du/4 ,cane-bottom$ *airs are pref]able to uphol/]$ ones4 ,all unnecess>y furniture %\ld be remov$ out ( ! way4 ,a /raw b$ or a mattress is bett] ?an fea!rs4 ,! b$ hang+s1 lace curta9s1 etc41 %\ld be tak5 d[n4 ,creak+ h+es %\ld be oil$4 ,sp]m c&les are bett] ?an k]os5e lamps4 ,nev] :isp] 9 a sick room4 ,all necess>y conv]sation %\ld be c>ri$ on 9 ! usual tone ( voice4 ,d n call a physician unnecess>ily1 b if "o be employ$1 obey 8 directions implicitly4 ,nev] give no/rums ov](fici\s fri5ds may sugge/4 ,d n all[ visitors to see ! pati5t1 except x be necess>y4 ,nev] bu/le ab\t ! room1 nor g on tiptoe1 b move 9 a quiet1 ord9>y way4 ,d n keep ! bottles 9 ! cont9u$ sight ( ! sick p]son4 ,nev] let dr9k+ wat] /& 9 ! room4 ,d n raise ! pati5t's head to dr9k1 b h a cup ) a long sp\t1 or use a b5t tube1 or ev5 a /raw4 ,d n tempt ! appetite :5 x craves no food4 ,ba! frequ5tly1 b let ! physician prescribe ! me?od4 ,give writt5 directions to ! wat*]s4 ,h all m$ic9es c>efully m>k$4 ,remove all soil$ clo?+1 etc41 at once f ! room4 ,*ange ! l95 mu* (t5] ?an 9 heal?4 ,:5 y wi% to *ange ! %eets1 & ! pati5t is unable to rise1 roll ! "u %eet tightly l5g?wise to ! middle ( ! b$2 put on ! clean %eet1 ) half its wid? fold$ up1 closely to ! o!r roll2 lift ! pati5t on to ! newly-made "p1 remove ! soil$ %eet1 & !n spread oat ! clean "o4 ,,dis9fectants4 ,rememb]1 fir/1 t deodoriz]s & dis9fectants are n ! same4 ,a bad smell1 = in/ance1 may be smo!r$ by "s m p[]ful odor1 :ile its cause rema9s un9flu5c$4 ,be> also 9 m9d ! fact t no deodoriz] & no dis9fectant c take ! place ( p]fect cleanl9ess & ?or\gh v5tilation4 ,no purify] c rival ! oxyg5 conta9$ 9 /rong & cont9u$ curr5ts ( fre%1 cold air1 & e dis9fectant f9ds an indisp5sable ally 9 floods ( scald+ wat]4 ,an excell5t dis9fectant may be made by dissolv+ 9 a pail ( wat] ei!r ( ! foll[+3 7#a71 a qu>t] ( a p\nd ( sulphate ( z9c & two ounces ( common salt = ea* gallon ( wat]2 7#b71 a p\nd & a half ( copp]as1 = ea* gallon ( wat]4 ,t[els1 b$ l951 h&k]*iefs1 etc41 %\ld be soak$ at lea/ an h\r1 9 a solution ( ! fir/ k9d1 & !n be boil$1 be=e wa%+4 ,footnote3 ,x is be/ to burn all articles :i* h be5 9 contact ) p]sons sick ) contagi\s or infecti\s diseases4 ,9 us+ ! z9c solution1 place ! articles 9 x z soon z !y are remov$ f ! pati5t1 & be=e !y are tak5 f ! room2 if practicable1 h ! solution boil+ hot at ! "t4 ,9 fumigat+ ap>tm5ts1 all ! op5+s %\ld be made z ne>ly air-tight z possible4 ,! articles to be includ$ 9 ! fumigation %\ld be s expos$ & spread out t ! sulphur\s vapor may p5etrate e portion ( !m4 ,= a room ab\t t5 feet squ>e1 at lea/ two p\nds ( sulphur %\ld be us$2 = l>g] rooms1 proportionally increas$ quantities4 ,put ! sulphur 9 iron pans support$ ^u bricks plac$ 9 wa%tubs conta9+ a little wat]1 set x on fire by hot coals or ) ! aid ( a spoonful ( alcohol1 or by a long fuse set on tra9 z ! la/ op5+ to ! room is clos$4 ,all[ ! ap>tm5t to rema9 seal$ = tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 n to inhale ! poison\s fumes 9 fir+ ! sulphur4 ,aft] ! fumigation1 all[ free curr5ts ( air to pass ?r\gh ! ap>tm5t2 expose all movable articles = z long "t z may be to ! sun & ! w9d out ( doors2 beat & %ake ! c>pets1 hang+s1 pill[s1 etc4 ,! dis9fectants & ! in/ructions = us+ !m1 z giv5 above1 are ma9ly ^? recomm5d$ by ! ,national ,bo>d ( ,heal?4 ,vaults1 dra9s1 vessels us$ 9 ! sick room1 etc41 %\ld be dis9fect$ by a solution ( ! second k9d2 *loride ( lime may also be us$ = ! same purpose4 ,rooms1 furniture1 & articles t c n be treat$ ) ! solution ( ! fir/ k9d1 %\ld be ?or\ghly fumigat$ ) burn+ sulphur4 ,:]e walls are unpap]$1 re-:itewa% ) pure1 fre%ly slack$ quicklime1 add+ "o p9t ( ! be/ fluid c>bolic acid to e gallon ( ! fluid :itewa%4 ,p[d]$ /one lime spr9kl$ on f\l1 wet places1 or plac$ 9 pans 9 damp rooms1 w absorb ! moi/ure2 & dry1 fre% *>coal p[d] may be comb9$ ) x to absorb noxi\s gases4 ,,:at ,,to ,,d ,,till ,,! ,,doctor ,,comes4 ,! foll[+ in/ructions are int5d$ simply to aid 9 an em]g5cy4 ,:5 accid5ts or a sudd5 sev]e illness occur1 !re is necess>ily1 9 mo/ cases1 a long] or %ort] int]val be=e a physician c arrive4 ,^! mom5ts are (t5 v preci\s1 & life may dep5d ^u a little k & mu* self-possession4 ,! in/ructions are !re=e giv5 z briefly z possible1 t !y may be easily c>ri$ 9 ! memory4 ,a few sugge/ions 9 reg>d to common ailm5ts are includ$4 ,,burns4--,:5 a p]son's clo!s cat* fire1 quickly lay him on ! gr\nd1 wrap him 9 a coat1 mat1 %awl1 c>pet1 or 9 8 own g>m5ts1 z be/ y c to ext+ui% ! flame4 ,p\r on pl5ty ( wat] till ! half- burn$ clo?+ is cool$4 ,!n c>ry ! suff]] to a w>m room1 lay him on a table or a c>pet$ floor1 & ) a %>p knife or scissors remove 8 clo?+4 ,! treatm5t ( a burn consi/s 9 protect+ f ! air4 ,footnote3 ,x is a great mi/ake to suppose t salves w draw out ! fire ( a burn1 or heal a bruise or cut4 ,! vital =ce mu/ unite ! divid$ tissue by ! deposit ( mat]ial & ! =mation ( new cells4 ,an excell5t rem$y is to apply s(t clo?s kept wet ) sweet oil1 or ) tepid wat] :i* conta9s all ! cook+ soda t x w dissolve4 ,aft]w>d dress ! w\nd ) c>bolic acid salve4 ,wrap a dry b&age ^u ! outside4 ,!n remove ! pati5t to a b$ & cov] w>mly4 ,footnote3 ,9 case ( a l>ge burn1 lose no delay 9 br++ a physician4 ,if a burn be ne> a jo9t or on ! face1 ev5 if small1 let a doctor see x1 & d n be 9 any hurry ab\t hav+ x heal$4 ,rememb] t ) all ! c>e & skill :i* c be us$1 contractions w sometimes take place4 ,! dang] to life f a burn or scald is n 9 proportion to its sev]ity1 b to its ext5t--t is1 a small "p1 su* z a h& or a foot1 may be burn$ s deeply z to cripple x = life1 & yet n mu* endang] ! g5]al heal?2 b a slight am\nt ( burn+1 a m]e scor*+1 ov] two ?irds ( ! body1 may prove fatal4-- ,,hope4 ,apply cool wat] to a small burn till ! sm>t ceases1 & !n cov] ) o9tm5t4 ,d n remove ! dress+s until !y become /iff & irritat+2 !n take !m f a "p at a "t2 dress & cov] aga9 quickly4 ,,cuts1 ,,w\nds1 ,,etc4--,! me?od ( /opp+ ! ble$+ has be5 describ$ on page #abh4 ,if an art]y is sev]$1 a physician %\ld be call$ at once4 ,if ! ble$+ is n pr(use1 apply cold wat] until x ceases1 dry ! sk91 draw ! edges ( ! w\nd toge!r1 & secure !m by /rips ( adhesive pla/]4 ,protect ) an out] b&age4 ,?is dress+ %\ld rema9 = sev]al days4 ,9 ! meantime wet x frequ5tly ) cool wat] to subdue inflammation4 ,:5 suppuration beg9s1 wa% occasionally ) tepid wat] & ,ca/ile soap4 ,dr4 ,woodbridge1 ( ,new ,york1 9 a rec5t address1 gave ! foll[+ directions z to ,:at to d 9 case ( a sudd5 w\nd :5 ! surgeon is n at h&4 ,an exp]i5c$ p]son w\ld naturally close ! lips ( ! w\nd z quickly z possible1 & apply a b&age4 ,if ! w\nd is ble$+ freely1 b no art]y is sp\t+ blood1 ! fir/ ?+ to be done is to wa% x ) wat] at an ord9>y temp]ature4 ,to e p9t ( wat] add ei!r five gra9s ( corrosive sublimate1 or two & a half teaspoonfuls ( c>bolic acid4 ,if ! acid is us$1 add two tablespoonfuls ( glyc]9e1 to prev5t its irritat+ ! w\nd4 ,if !re is nei!r ( ^! articles 9 ! h\se1 add f\r tablespoonfuls ( borax to ! wat]4 ,wa% ! w\nd1 close x1 & apply a compress ( a fold$ squ>e ( cotton or l954 ,wet x 9 ! solution us$ = wa%+ ! w\nd & b&age quickly & firmly4 ,if ! ble$+ is pr(use1 a sponge dipp$ 9 v hot wat] & wrung out 9 a dry clo? %\ld be appli$ z quickly z possible4 ,if ?is is n available1 use ice1 or clo?s wrung out 9 ice wat]4 ,if a l>ge ve9 or art]y is sp\t+1 x mu/ be /opp$ at once by compression4 ,?is may be done by a rubb] tube w\nd ar\nd ! arm tightly above ! elb[ or above ! knee1 :]e ! pulse is felt to beat2 or an improvis$ 't\rniquet' may be us$4 ,a h>d apple or a /one is plac$ 9 a fold$ h&k]*ief1 & roll$ firmly 9 place4 ,?is b&age is appli$ s t ! h>d object re/s on ! po9t :]e ! art]y beats1 & is !n ti$ loosely ar\nd ! arm4 ,a /ick is ?ru/ ?r\gh ! loose b&age & turn$ till ! fl[ ( blood ceases4 ,,ble$+ ,,f ,,! ,,nose is r>ely dang]\s1 & (t5 b5eficial4 ,:5 x becomes necess>y to /op x1 sit upright & compress ! no/rils betwe5 ! ?umb & =ef+]1 or ) ! ?umb press upw>d ^u ! upp] lip4 ,a piece ( ice1 a sn[ball1 or a compress wet ) cold wat] may be appli$ to ! back ( ! neck4 ,a ,,spra9 ,footnote3 ,a spra91 says ,dr4 ,hope1 9 t admirable little book entitl$ ,till ! ,doctor comes & ,h[ to help ,him1 is a v pa9ful & v s]i\s ?+4 ,:5 y consid] t f ! tips ( ! f+]s to ! wri/1 or f ! ends ( ! toes to ! leg1 !re are n less ?an ?irty sep>ate bones1 all ti$ toge!r ) /raps1 cords1 & ela/ic b&s1 & ab\t tw5ty h+es1 all to be kept 9 good work+ ord]1 y w n wond] at spra9s be+ frequ5t & sometimes s]i\s4 is (t5 m pa9ful & dang]\s ?an a dislocation4 ,wrap ! injur$ "p 9 flannels wrung out ( hot wat]1 & cov] ) a dry b&age1 or1 bett]1 ) oil$ silk4 ,l9im5ts & /imulat+ applications are injuri\s 9 ! fir/ /ages1 b useful :5 ! inflammation is subdu$4 ,d n let ! limb hang d[n1 keep ! jo9t /ill4 ,)\t att5tion to ^! po9ts1 no rem$ies are likely to be ( mu* s]vice4 ,a spra9$ limb mu/ be kept quiet1 ev5 aft] all pa9 has ceas$4 ,if us$ too soon1 dang]\s consequ5ces may ensue4 ,_m in/ances h be5 kn[n 9 :i*1 f premature use ( an injur$ limb1 ! inflammation has be5 r5ew$ & made *ronic1 ! bones at ! jo9t h become p]man5tly diseas$1 & amputation has be5 necessitat$4 ,,di>rhea1 ,,*ol]a ,,morbus1 ,,etc41 are (t5 caus$ by eat+ indige/ible or ta9t$ food1 su* z unripe or decay+ fruit1 or /ale vegetables2 or by dr9k+ impure wat] or poison$ milk 7see p4 #cba74 ,sometimes ! di/urbance may be trac$ to a *eck+ ( ! p]spiration2 b m frequ5tly to peculi> conditions ( ! atmosph]e1 especially 9 l>ge cities4 ,su* diseases are mo/ preval5t 9 humid wea!r1 :5 ! days are hot & ! nights cold & moi/4 ,especial att5tion %\ld at su* times be paid to ! diet4 ,if an attack comes on1 asc]ta91 if possible1 its cause4 ,y c !reby aid y\r physician1 &1 if ! cause be removable1 c protect ! re/ ( ! h\sehold4 ,if ! limbs are cold1 take a hot ba?1 foll[$ by a ?or\gh rubb+4 ,!n g to b$ & lie quietly on ! back4 ,9 ord9>y cases1 re/ is bett] ?an m$ic9e4 ,if !re be pa91 h flannels wrung out ( hot wat] appli$ to ! abdom54 ,footnote3 ,if x be difficult to manage ! fom5ts1 lay a hot plate ov] ! flannels & cov] ) "s protection4 ,by hav+ a *ange ( hot plates1 ! fom5ts c be kept at a uni=m high temp]ature4 ,?is plan w be f\nd useful 9 all cases :]e fom5ts are ne$$4 ,a mu/>d p\ltice w s]ve ! same purpose if m conv5i5t4 ,eat no fruit1 vegetables1 pa/ry1 or pork4 ,use wat] sp>+ly4 ,if mu* ?ir/ exi/1 give small pieces ( ice1 or limit$ quantities ( cold tea or toa/ wat]4 ,take p>ticul> pa9s ) ! diet = "s days aft] ! b[el irritation has ceas$4 ,,cr\p4--,!re are two k9ds ( cr\p--true & false4 ,true cr\p comes on gradually1 & is less likely to excite al>m ?an false cr\p1 :i* comes on sudd5ly4 ,true cr\p is att5d$ ) fev] & false membrane 9 ! ?roat2 false cr\p is n att5d$ ) fev] or false membrane4 ,true cr\p is almo/ always fatal 9 f\r or five days2 false cr\p recov]s1 b is liable to come on aga94 ,! great majority ( cases ( ! s- call$ cr\p are simply cases ( spasm ( ! glottis4 ,cr\py *ildr5 are ^? :o are liable to ^! attacks ( false cr\p1 :i* are mo/ frequ5t dur+ ! p]iod ( tee?+4--,,dr4 ,,geo4 ,m4 ,,be>d4 ,cr\p occurs commonly 9 *ildr5 betwe5 ! ages ( two & sev5 ye>s4 ,at ?is p]iod1 if a *ild has a holl[ c\gh1 ) m or less fev]1 flu%$ face1 r$ wat]y eyes1 & especially if x h a ho>se voice1 & %[ signs ( uneas9ess ab\t ! ?roat1 s5d at once = a doctor4 ,induce mild vomit+ by doses ( syrup ( ipecac4 ,put ! feet 9 a hot mu/>d-&-wat] ba?4 ,apply hot fom5tations1 rapidly r5ew$1 to ! *e/ & ?roat4 ,a cr\py *ild %\ld be c>efully %ield$ f all physical excitation1 sudd5 wak+ f sleep1 & any puni%m5t t t5ds to awak5 int5se fe> or t]ror4 ,irritation ( ! air passages ?r\gh faulty swall[+ 9 dr9k+ ha/ily1 %\ld be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,good pure air1 w>m clo?+1 & a n\ri%+ diet are indisp5sable4 ,,common ,,sore ,,?roat4--,wrap ! neck 9 a wet b&age1 & cov] ) flannel or a clean wool5 /ock+4 ,g>gle ! ?roat frequ5tly ) a solution ( a teaspoonful ( salt 9 a p9t ( wat]1 or ?irty gra9s ( *lorate ( pota% 9 a w9eglass ( wat]4 ,,fits1 ,,apoplexy1 ,,epilepsy1 ,,etc4--,^! call = imm$iate action & prompt m$ical att5dance4 ,*ildr5 :o are tee?+1 or tr\bl$ ) inte/9al worms1 or f v>i\s causes1 are sometimes sudd5ly seiz$ ) convulsions4 ,apply clo?s wet 9 cold wat]--or1 bett] /ill1 ice wrapp$ 9 oil$ silk--to ! head1 & especially to ! back ( ! neck1 tak+ c>e1 h[ev]1 t ! ice or wet clo?s d n rema9 too long4 ,apply mu/>d pla/]s to ! /oma* & legs4 ,a full hot ba? is excell5t if ! cold applications fail4 ,endeavor to induce vomit+4 ,seek to det]m9e ! cause1 & consult ) y\r physician = fur!r guidance4 ,apoplexy may be di/+ui%$ f a fa9t+ fit by ! r$ face1 hot sk91 & labor$ brea?+2 :]eas1 9 a fa9t1 ! face & lips lose color1 & ! sk9 becomes cold4 ,9 _m cases1 dea? foll[s s quickly ^u an apoplectic seizure1 t little effectual s]vice c be giv54 ,call ! ne>e/ physician1 loos5 ! clo?+1 & raise ! head & %\ld]s1 tak+ c>e n to b5d ! head =w>d on ! neck4 ,keep ! head cool4 ,d n move ! pati5t unnecess>ily4 ,9 a common fa9t+ fit1 give ! pati5t z mu* air z possible4 ,lay him flat ^u ! floor or gr\nd1 & keep ! cr[d away4 ,all t c be done 9 a fit ( epilepsy is to prev5t ! pati5t f injur+ himself2 especially put some?+ 9 8 m\? to keep him f bit+ 8 tongue4 ,a cork1 a piece ( ,india rubb]1 or ev5 a tightly- roll$ h&k]*ief1 plac$ betwe5 ! tee? w answ] ?is purpose4 ,give ! suff]] fre% air2 loos5 8 clo?+1 & place him 9 a com=table position4 ,epilepsy may be due to v>i\s causes1--improp] diet1 ov]excitem5t1 etc4 ,consult ) a physician1 & /udy to avoid ! occasion4 ,,concussion ,,( ,,! ,,bra9 g5]ally arises f "s contusion ( ! head1 f viol5t bl[s1 or f a %ock receiv$ by ! :ole body 9 consequ5ce ( fall+ f a height4 ,9 any case ( injury to ! head :]e ins5sibility ensues1 a doctor %\ld be call$ at once4 ,remove ! pati5t to a quiet room2 loos5 8 clo?+2 /rive to re/ore circulation by g5tle friction1 us+ ! h& or a clo? = ?is purpose2 apply cold wat] to ! head1 &1 if ! pati5t's body be cold & 8 sk9 clammy1 put hot bottles at 8 feet4 ,ammonia may be cauti\sly held to ! nose4 ,beyond ?is1 x is n safe = a non- pr(essional to g1 9 case ( a sev]e injury to ! head4 ,concussion is m or less s]i\s1 accord+ to ! injury :i* ! bra9 has su/a9$2 b ev5 9 slight cases1 :5 a tempor>y dizz9ess appe>s to be ! only result1 c>eful treatm5t %\ld be obs]v$ bo? at ! "t ( ! injury & aft]w>d4 ,cases ( head injury are (t5 m grave 9 _! consequ5ces ?an 9 _! imm$iate symptoms4 ,sometimes ! pati5t appe>s to be gett+ bett] :5 really he is worse4 ,re/ & quiet %\ld be obs]v$ = sev]al weeks aft] an accid5t :i* has 9 any way affect$ ! bra94 ,,too?a*e ,,& ,,e>a*e4--,ins]t 9 ! holl[ too? cotton wet ) laudanum1 spirits ( camphor1 or *lor(orm4 ,:5 ! n]ve is expos$1 wet x ) creosote or c>bolic acid4 ,hot clo?s or a hot brick wrapp$ 9 clo? & held to ! face w (t5 relieve ! too?a*e4 ,9 a simil> mann] treat ! e>1 wett+ ! clo? 9 hot wat]1 & lett+ ! vapor pass into ! e>4 ,,*ok+4--,ord9>ily a sm>t bl[ betwe5 ! %\ld]s1 caus+ a compression ( ! *e/ & a sudd5 expulsion ( ! air f ! lungs1 w ?r[ out ! (f5d+ sub/ance4 ,if ! p]son c swall[1 & ! object be small1 give pl5ty ( bread or potato1 & wat] to wa% x d[n4 ,press ^u ! tongue ) a spoon1 :51 p]haps1 y may see ! object1 & draw x out ) y\r ?umb & f+]1 or a blunt pair ( scissors4 ,if nei!r ( ^! rem$ies avail1 give an emetic ( syrup ( ipecac or mu/>d & w>m wat]4 ,,fro/bites are frequ5tly s sudd5 t "o is n aw>e :5 !y occur4 ,9 ,canada x is n uncommon = p]sons meet+ 9 ! /reet to say1 ,m9d1 sir1 y\r nose looks :iti%4 ,! blood cools & runs sl[ly1 & ! blood vessels become *ok$ & swoll54 ,keep f ! heat4 ,rub ! "p quickly ) sn[1 if necess>y = h\rs1 till ! natural color is re/or$4 ,if "o is b5umb$ ) cold1 take him into a cold room1 remove ! wet clo!s1 rub ! body dry1 cov] ) blankets1 & give a little w>m tea or o!r suitable dr9k4 ,on recov]+1 let him be br\ght to a fire gradually4 ,footnote3 ,if y are caught 9 a sn[/orm1 look = a sn[ bank 9 ! lee ( a hill1 or a wood out ( ! w9d1 or a holl[ 9 ! pla9 fill$ ) sn[4 ,scrape out a hole big en\gh to creep into1 & ! drift+ sn[ w keep y w>m4 ,m5 & animals h be5 pres]v$ aft] days ( su* imprisonm5t4 ,rememb] t if y give way to sleep 9 ! op5 field1 y w nev] awake4 ,,fev]s1 & _m acute diseases1 are (t5 prec$$ by a loss ( appetite1 heada*e1 %iv]+1 pa9s 9 ! bones1 indisposition to "w1 etc4 ,9 su* cases1 sponge ) tepid wat]1 & rub ! body till all agl[4 ,g to b$1 place hot bricks to ! feet1 take no?+ b a little gruel or beef tea1 & dr9k mod]ately ( w>m1 cream-(-t>t> wat]4 ,if y d n feel bett] ! next morn+1 call a physician4 ,if t be impossible1 take a dose ( ca/or oil or ,epsom salts4 ,,sun/roke is a sudd5 pro/ration caus$ by int5se heat4 ,! same effect is produc$ by ! burn+ rays ( ! sun & ! fi]ce fire ( a furnace4 ,:5 a p]son falls "u su* circum/ance1 place y\r h& on 8 *e/4 ,if ! sk9 be cool & moi/1 x is n a sun/roke2 b if x be dry & bit+ hot1 !re c be no mi/ake4 ,"t is n[ preci\s4 ,at once c>ry ! suff]] to ! ne>e/ pump or hydrant1 & da% cold wat] on ! head & *e/ until consci\sness is re/or$4--,,dr4 ,h4 ,c4 ,,wood4 ,to prev5t sun/roke1 we> a por\s hat1 & 9 ! top ( x place a wet h&k]*ief2 also dr9k freely ( wat]1 n ice cold1 to induce abundant p]spiration4 ,,asphyxia1 or app>5t dea?1 :e!r produc$ by dr[n+1 suffocation1 bad air1 or coal gas1 requires v simil> treatm5t4 ,s5d imm$iately = blankets1 dry clo?+1 & a physician4 ,treat ^u ! spot1 if ! wea!r be n too unfavorable4 #a4 ,loos5 ! clo?+ ab\t ! neck & *e/1 sep>ate ! jaws1 & place betwe5 !m a cork or bit ( wood4 #b4 ,turn ! pati5t on 8 face1 place 8 arm "u 8 =ehead to raise ! head1 & press heavily ) bo? h&s ^u ! ribs to squeeze out ! wat]4 #c4 ,place ! pati5t on 8 back1 wipe out ! m\? & no/rils1 & secure ! tongue f fall+ backw>d ov] ! ?roat4 ,kneel at 8 head1 grasp 8 arms firmly above ! elb[s1 & pull !m g5tly upw>d until !y meet ov] ! head1 9 ord] to draw air into ! lungs2 rev]se ?is movem5t to expel ! air4 ,repeat ! process ab\t fifte5 times p] m9ute4 ,alt]nate pressure ^u ! *e/1 & bl[+ air into ! m\? ?r\gh a quill or ) a pair ( bell[s1 may aid y\r ef=ts4 ,use snuff or smell+ salts1 or pass h>t%orn "u ! nose4 ,d n lose hope quickly4 ,life has be5 re/or$ aft] five h\rs ( susp5d$ animation4 ,footnote3 ,ano!r simple me?od ( artificial respiration is describ$ 9 ! ,briti% ,m$ical ,j\rnal4 ,! body ( ! pati5t is laid on ! back1 ) clo!s loos5$1 & ! m\? & nose wip$2 two by/&]s pass _! "r h&s "u ! body at ! level ( ! wai/1 & grasp ea* o!r's h&1 !n raise ! body until ! tips ( ! f+]s & ! toes ( ! subject alone t\* ! gr\nd2 c\nt fifte5 rapidly2 !n l[] ! body flat to ! gr\nd1 & press ! elb[s to ! side h>d2 c\nt fifte5 aga92 !n raise ! body aga9 = ! same l5g? ( "t2 & s on1 alt]nately rais+ & l[]+4 ,! head1 arms1 & legs are to be all[$ to dangle d[n freely :5 ! body is rais$4 #d4 ,:5 respiration is e/abli%$1 wrap ! pati5t 9 dry1 w>m clo!s1 & rub ! limbs "u ! blankets or ov] ! dry clo?+ en]getically t[>d ! he>t4 ,apply heat$ flannels1 bottles ( hot wat]1 etc41 to ! limbs1 & mu/>d pla/]s ,footnote3 ,! be/ mu/>d p\ltice is ! pap] pla/] n[ sold by e druggi/4 ,x is always ready1 & c be c>ri$ by a travel]4 ,x has only to be dipp$ 9 wat]1 & appli$ at once4 to ! *e/4 ,,=eign ,,bodies ,,9 ,,! ,,e>4--,insects may be kill$ by dropp+ a little sweet oil into ! e>4 ,beans peas1 etc41 may g5]ally be remov$ by s hold+ ! head t ! affect$ e> w be t[>d ! gr\nd1 & !n cauti\sly syr++ tepid wat] into x f bel[4 ,d n use mu* =ce le/ ! tympanum be injur$4 ,if ?is fail1 dry ! e>1 /ick ! end ( a little l95 swab into ?ick glue1 let ! pati5t lie on "o side1 put ?is into ! e> until x t\*es ! sub/ance1 keep x !re ?ree qu>t]s ( an h\r :ile x h>d5s1 & !n draw !m all out toge!r4 ,be c>eful t ! glue does n t\* ! sk9 at any po9t1 & t y are at "w ^u ! "r e>4 ,*ildr5 (t5 deceive "o z to ! e> :i* is affect$4 ,,=eign ,,bodies ,,9 ,,! ,,nose1 su* z beans1 *]ry pits1 etc41 may frequ5tly be remov$ by clos+ ! opposite no/ril1 & !n bl[+ into ! *ild's m\? =cibly4 ,! air1 unable to escape except ?r\gh ! affect$ no/ril1 w sweep ! ob/ruction be=e x4 ,,antidotes ,,to ,,poisons4 ,,acids3 ,nitric 7aqua =tis71 hydro*loric 7muriatic71 sulphuric 7oil ( vitriol71 oxalic1 etc4--,dr9k a little wat] to weak5 ! acid1 or1 /ill bett]1 take /rong soapsuds4 ,/ir "s magnesia 9 wat]1 & dr9k freely4 ,if ! magnesia be n at h&1 use *alk1 soda1 lime1 :it+1 soap1 or ev5 knock a piece ( pla/] f ! wall1 & scrap+ (f ! :ite outside coat p\nd x f9e1 mix ) milk or wat]1 & dr9k at once4 ,foll[ ) w>m wat]1 or flaxse$ tea4 ,,alkalies3 ,pota%1 soda1 lye1 ammonia 7h>t%orn74--,dr9k weak v9eg> or lemon juice4 ,foll[ ) ca/or or l9se$ oil1 or ?ick cream4 ,,antimony3 ,antimonial w9e1 t>t> emetic1 etc4--,dr9k /rong1 gre5 tea1 & 9 ! meantime *ew ! dry leaves4 ,! direct antidote is a solution ( nutgall or oak b>k4 ,,ars5ic3 ,cobalt1 ,s*eele's gre51 fly p[d]1 ratsbane1 etc4--,give pl5ty ( milk1 :ites ( eggs1 or induce vomit+ by mu/>d & w>m wat]2 ,footnote3 ,see t ! mu/>d is well mix$ ) ! wat]1 9 ! proportion ( ab\t half an ounce ( ! =m] to a p9t ( ! latt]4 or ev5 soapsuds4 ,,bite ,,( ,a ,,snake ,,or ,a ,,mad ,,dog4--,tie a b&age above ! w\nd1 if on a limb4 ,wa% ! bite ?or\ghly1 &1 if possible1 let ! p]son suck x /rongly4 ,rub "s lun> cau/ic or pota% 9 ! w\nd1 or heat ! po9t ( a small pok] or a /eel %>p5] :ite hot1 & press x into ! bite = a mom5t4 ,x w sc>cely cause pa91 & w be effectual 9 arre/+ ! absorption ( ! poison1 unless a ve9 has be5 /ruck4 ,,copp]3 ,sulphate ( copp] 7blue vitriol71 acetate ( copp] 7v]digris74--,take :ites ( eggs or soda4 ,use milk freely4 ,,laudanum3 ,opium1 p>egoric1 soo?+ cordial1 soo?+ syrup1 etc4 --,give an emetic at once ( syrup ( ipecac1 or mu/>d & w>m wat]1 etc4 ,aft] vomit+1 use /rong c(fee freely4 ,keep ! pati5t awake by p9*+1 pull+ ! hair1 walk+ ab\t1 da%+ wat] 9 ! face1 & any exp$i5t possible4 ,,lead3 ,:ite lead1 acetate ( lead 7sug> ( lead71 r$ lead4--,give an emetic ( syrup ( ipecac1 or mu/>d & w>m wat]1 or salt & wat]4 ,foll[ ) a dose ( ,epsom salts4 ,,mat*es3 ,phosphorus4--,give magnesia1 *alk1 :it+1 or ev5 fl\r 9 wat]1 & foll[ ) mucilag9\s dr9ks4 ,,m]cury3 ,calomel1 *loride ( m]cury 7corrosive sublimate1 bug poison71 r$ precipitate4--,dr9k milk copi\sly4 ,take ! :ites ( eggs1 or /ir fl\r 9 wat]1 & use freely4 ,,nitrate ,,( ,,silv] 7lun> cau/ic74--,give salt & wat]1 & foll[ ) ca/or oil4 ,,nitrate ,,( ,,pota% 7saltpet]1 nit]74--,give mu/>d & w>m wat]1 or syrup ( ipecac4 ,foll[ ) fl\r & wat]1 & cream or sweet oil4 ,,prussic ,,acid 7oil ( bitt] almonds71 cyanide ( potassium4--,take a teaspoonful ( h>t%orn 9 a p9t ( wat]4 ,apply smell+ salts to ! nose1 & da% cold wat] 9 ! face4 ,,/+ ,,( ,,an ,,insect4--,apply a little h>t%orn or spirits ( camphor1 or soda moi/5$ ) wat]1 or a pa/e ( clean e>? & saliva4 ,,sulphate ,,( ,,iron 7gre5 vitriol74--,give syrup ( ipecac1 or mu/>d & w>m wat]1 or any conv5i5t emetic2 !n magnesia & wat]4 ,x4 ,,select$ ,,read+s ,,to ,,illu/rate ,,& ,,supplem5t ,,! ,,text4 ,arrang$ 9 ord] ( ! subjects to :i* !y ref]4 ,read n to contradict & confute1 nor to believe & take = grant$1 nor to f9d talk & disc\rse1 b to weigh1 & consid]4 ,,"l ,,bacon4 ,he :o le>ns ! rules ( wisdom )\t con=m+ to !m 9 8 life1 is l a man :o labor$ 9 8 fields b did n s[4 ,,saadi4 ,,select$ ,,read+s4 ,! figures indicate ! pages 9 ! text ^u :i* ! correspond+ subjects w be f\nd4 ,,! ,,skeleton4 ,,man1 ,,z ,,comp>$ ,,) ,,o!r ,,v]tebrate ,,animals 7p4 #c74--,man1 ! "l ( ! animal k+dom1 is con/ruct$ aft] ! same type z ! cat t purrs at 8 feet1 ! ox t he eats1 ! horse t be>s 8 burd51 ! bird t s+s 9 8 cage1 ! snake t crawls across 8 pa?way1 ! toad t hides 9 8 g>d51 & ! fi% t swims 9 8 aqu>ium4 ,all ^! are b modifications ( "o creative ?\ght1 %[+ h[ ! ,almighty ,work] delights 9 repeat+ ! same *ord1 ) inf9ite v>iations4 ,!re are m>k$ physical peculi>ities1 h[ev]1 :i* di/+ui% man f ! o!r mammals4 ,?us1 ! position ( ! sp9al op5+ 9 ! middle ?ird ( ! base ( ! skull1 !reby balanc+ ! head & admitt+ an upright po/ure2 ! sigmoid ,s-curve ( ! v]tebral column2 ! ability ( oppos+ ! well-develop$ ?umb to ! f+]s2 ! %ort5$ foot1 ! sole re/+ flat on ! gr\nd2 ! size & position ( ! great toe2 ! l5g? ( ! arms1 rea*+ halfway f ! hip to ! knees2 ! relatively great developm5t ( ! bra92 ! fre$om ( ! ant]ior extremities f use 9 locomotion1 & ! consequ5t erect & bip$ position4 ,9 addition1 man is ! only mammal t truly walks2 t is end[$ ) ! p[] ( spee*2 & t is cosmopolitan1 readily adapt+ himself to extremes ( heat & cold1 & mak+ 8 home 9 all p>ts ( ! globe4--,,/eele',s ,popul> ,zoology4 ,,fig4 #fh4 ,illu/ration3 ,skeleton ( ,orang1 ,*impanzee1 & ,man4 ,,union ,,( ,,fractures 7p4 #h74--;,9 ! c\rse ( a week aft] a fracture1 !re is a s(t yet firm sub/ance1 some?+ betwe5 ligam5t & c>tilage 9 consi/5ce1 :i* surr\nds ! brok5 extremities ( ! bone1 & adh]es to x above & bel[4 ,! neighbor+ muscles & t5dons are closely atta*$ to its surface1 & ! fractur$ extremities ( ! bone lie1 z x 71 loose 9 a cavity 9 ! c5t]1 ) a small quantity ( vascul> album51 resembl+ a semitransp>5t jelly4 ,"h1 !n1 is a k9d ( spl9t :i* nature contrives1 & :i* is ne>ly complet$ )9 a week f ! date ( ! accid5t4 ,we call ?is new =mation ! callus4 ,?is process goes on1 ! surr\nd+ sub/ance becom+ ?ick] & ( /ill firm] consi/5ce4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a few days m1 ! ?9 jelly :i* lay 9 contact ) ! brok5 ends ( ! bone has disappe>$1 & its place is suppli$ by a callus cont9u\s ) t :i* =m$ ! orig9al capsule4 ,?is is ! t]m9ation ( ! fir/ /age ( curative progress4 ,! brok5 ends ( ! bones are n[ completely imb$d$ 9 a mass ( vascul> organiz$ sub/ance or callus1 some?+ betwe5 gri/le & c>tilage 9 consi/5ce2 & z yet !re are no traces ( bony matt] 9 x4 ,at ?is "t1 if y remove ! adv5titi\s sub/ance1 y w f9d ! brok5 ends ( bone reta9+ exactly _! orig9al figure & pres5t+ ! same appe>ance z imm$iately aft] ! fracture took place4 ,at ! end ( ab\t ?ree weeks1 if y make a section ( ! callus1 m9ute specks ( e>?y matt] are visible1 deposit$ 9 x "h & !re1 & at ! same "t "s ( ! callus1 appe>s to disappe> on ! outside1 s t ! neighbor+ muscles & t5dons no long] adh]e to x4 ,! specks ( bone become l>g] & m num]\s until !y ext5d into ea* o!r2 & ?us by degrees ! :ole ( ! callus is conv]t$ into bone4 ,ev5 at ?is p]iod1 h[ev]1 !re is n absolute bony union1 = al?\gh ! :ole ( ! callus has become bone1 x is n yet id5tifi$ ) ! old bone1 & y might /ill pick x (f ) a p5knife1 leav+ ! brok5 extremities n mat]ially alt]$ f :at !y 7 imm$iately aft] ! injury4 ,?is may be reg>d$ z ! end ( ! second /age ( ! process by :i* a fracture is repair$4 ,n[ a ?ird s]ies ( *anges beg9s to take place4 ,! brok5 extremities ( ! bones become intimately unit$ by bony matt] pass+ f "o to ! o!r4 ,! mass ( new bone on ! outside1 =m$ by ! ossification ( ! callus1 be+ no long] want$1 is absorb$2 by degrees ! :ole ( x disappe>s1 & ! bone is left hav+ ! same dim5sions :i* x _h be=e ! occurr5ce ( ! accid5t4 ,! process ( union is complet$ 9 "y p]sons soon] ?an 9 ^? advanc$ 9 life2 9 ! upp] extremities soon] ?an 9 ! l[]2 & 9 small] animals m spe$ily ?an 9 man4 ,9 human subjects a brok5 arm or =e>m w be heal$ 9 f six to eight weeks1 :ile a leg or ?igh w occupy n9e or t5 weeks4--,,sir ,b4 ,c4 ,,brodie4 ,,fig4 #fi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #fi4 a4 ,monkey's ,h& & ,foot4 b4 ,human ,h& & ,foot4 ,,! ,,h& ,,& ,,! ,,foot 7p4 #bl74--,man ,comp>$ ) ! ,ape4-- ,! peculi> preh5sible p[] possess$ by ! h& ( man is *iefly dep5d5t ^u ! size & p[] ( ! ?umb1 :i* is m develop$ 9 him ?an x is 9 ! highe/ apes4 ,! ?umb ( ! human h& c be br\ght into exact opposition to ! extremities ( all ! f+]s1 :e!r s+ly or 9 comb9ation2 :ile 9 ^? quadrumana :i* mo/ ne>ly approa* man1 ! ?umb is s %ort1 & ! f+]s s mu* elongat$1 t _! tips c sc>cely be br\ght into opposition2 & ! ?umb & ! f+]s are s weak t !y c nev] be oppos$ to ea* o!r ) any degree ( =ce4 ,h5ce1 ?\gh well suit$ to cl+ r\nd bodies ( a c]ta9 size1 su* z ! small bran*es ( trees1 ! ant]ior extremities ( ! quadrumana c nei!r seize v m9ute objects ) su* precision nor support l>ge ones ) su* firmness z are ess5tial to ! dext]\s p]=mance ( a v>iety ( op]ations = :i* ! h& ( man is admirably adapt$4 ,! human foot is1 9 proportion to ! size ( ! :ole body1 l>g]1 broad]1 & /rong] ?an t ( any o!r mammal1 save ! kang>oo4 ,! surface ( ! a/ragalus 7ankle bone7 :i* articulates ) ! tibia1 looks almo/ v]tically upw>d1 & h>dly at all inw>d1 :5 ! sole is flat ^u ! gr\nd2 & ! lat]al facets are m ne>ly at "r angles to ?is surface ?an 9 any ape4 ,! plane ( ! foot is direct$ at "r angles to t ( ! leg2 & its sole is concave1 s t ! weight ( ! body falls on ! summit ( an ar*1 ( :i* ! os calcis 7heel bone7 & ! metat>sal bones =m ! two po9ts ( support4 ,?is ar*$ =m ( ! foot1 & ! contact ( ! :ole plant> surface ) ! gr\nd1 are p>ticul>ly noticeable 9 man1 mo/ ( ! apes hav+ ! os calcis small1 /raight1 & m or less rais$ f ! gr\nd1 :ile !y t\*1 :5 /&+ erect1 ) ! out] side only ( ! foot4 ,! function ( ! hallux1 or great toe1 moreov]1 is /rik+ly contra/$ 9 man & ! ape2 =1 :ile 9 ! latt] x is ne>ly z opposable z ! ?umb1 & c be us$ to almo/ ! same ext5t z an in/rum5t ( preh5sion1 x *iefly s]ves 9 ! =m] to ext5d ! basis ( support1 & to advance ! body 9 progression4--,,dr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,,c>p5t]4 ,,fig4 #gj4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,leg 9 /&+4 ,! ,natural ,flexibility ( ! ,toes1 & ,h[ x is ,de/roy$4--,we (t5 admire ! suppl5ess ( ! f+]s by means ( :i* we c p]=m su* a v>iety ( acts ) swiftness & delicacy4 ,did x ev] occur to y t ! toes1 :i* 9 mo/ feet seem incapable ( a free & graceful motion1 ev5 :5 !y are n /iff5$ & absolutely de=m$ by ! compression ( ! mod]n %oe1 are also provid$ by ,nature ) a consid]able degree ( flexibility8 ,! phalanges ( ! toes1 ?\gh m feebly develop$1 h really ! same movem5ts among !mselves z ^? ( ! f+]s1 &1 9 case ( necessity1 _! p[]s c be /r5g!n$ & educat$ to a surpris+ degree4 ,!re are well-kn[n in/ances ( p]sons :o1 born )\t h&s1 or hav+ lo/ !m by accid5t1 h successfully suppli$ ! defici5cy by a cultivat$ use ( _! feet4 ,"s ( ^! h di/+ui%$ !mselves 9 ! _w ( art4 ,:o t has be5 s =tunate z to visit ! ,picture ,gall]y 9 ,antw]p on "s f9e morn+ :5 ! armless arti/1 ,m4 ,felu1 0 work+ at 8 easel1 c =get ! wond]ful dext]ity ) :i* he wield$ 8 bru%es1 mix$ ! oils on 8 palette1 & %ad$ ! colors on 8 canvas1 all ) 8 agile feet8 ,! writ] well rememb]s ! ease & grace ) :i*1 at ! close ( a pleasant int]view1 ?is cultur$ man put ! tip ( 8 foot into 8 coat pocket1 drew out a visit+ c>d1 wrote 8 "n & address ^u x1 & pres5t$ x to h] betwe5 8 toes6 ,contra/ ?is intellig5t adaptation ( a delicate physical me*anism ) ! b>b>\s treatm5t x too commonly receives4 ,! ,*9ese are at lea/ consi/5t4 ,!y cripple & di/ort ! feet ( _! highborn daught]s until !y cru% out all ! p[] & gracefulness ( nature 9 ! artificial =mation ( :at !y t]m a gold5 lily2 b !y nev] expect ^! gold5-lili$ wom5 to make _! )]$ feet useful4 ,) u1 on ! contr>y1 e girl w\ld l to walk well1 to display 9 h] g5]al movem5ts some?+ ( ! poetry ( motion2 yet ! absurd & arbitr>y fa%ion ( our foot ge> n only makes an ela/ic /ep "o ( ! r>e/ ( accompli%m5ts1 b r5d]s (t5times ! simple act ( walk+ a pa9ful burd54 ,! calluses1 corns1 bunions1 +r[+ nails1 & repulsive de=mities t are caus$ by & hidd5 "u ! n>r[- to$1 high-heel$ in/rum5ts ( torture we (t5 we> = fa%ion's sake are uncom=table sugge/ions t our practices are n greatly 9 advance ( ^? ( our ,cele/ial si/]s4 ,d[ie1 a s5sible ,scot* %oemak]1 satirizes ! %ape ( a fa%ionable boot z suit$ only to ! foot ( a goose ) ! great toe 9 ! middle4 ,! error :i* may h l$ to ! adoption ( ?is conv5tional %ape appe>s to lie 9 a misconception ( ! natural =mation ( ! foot1 & ( ! relation ( ! two feet to ea* o!r4 ,x is true1 t :5 ! toes are cov]$ ) _! s(t p>ts1 ! second toe appe>s a little long] ?an ! fir/1 & ?is appe>ance1 emphasiz$ & exagg]at$1 is p]haps responsible = a practical assumption t ,nature int5d$ an ev5-sid$1 tap]+ foot4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! natural foot gradually exp&s 9 bread? f ! in/ep to ! toes &1 9 ! skeleton itself1 ! great toe is ! longe/4 ,!re is no law ( beauty1 says ,dr4 ,ellis1 :i* makes x necess>y to r$uce ! foot to ev5-sid$ symmetry4 ,an ar*itect requir$ to provide m space on "o ?an on ! o!r side ( a build+ w\ld n seek to conceal or ev5 to m9imize ! diff]5ce2 he w\ld seek r to acc5tuate x1 & give ! two sides ( ! /ructure di/9ctive features4444,moreov]1 ! s5se ( symmetry is1 or ought to be1 satisfi$ by ! exact correspond5ce ( ! two feet1 :i*1 tak5 jo9tly1 may be describ$ z ! two halves ( an unequally exp&$ dome4--,e4 ,b4 ,s4 ,,! ,,muscles4 ,,atta*m5t ,,( ,,! ,,muscles ,,to ,,! ,,bones 7p4 #cj74--,"o ( ! two bones to :i* a muscle is atta*$ is usually less mobile ?an ! o!r1 s t :5 ! muscle %ort5s1 ! latt] is drawn d[n aga9/ ! =m]4 ,9 su* a case1 ! po9t ( atta*m5t ( ! muscle to ! less mobile bone is call$ its orig91 :ile ! po9t to :i* x is fix$ on ! m mobile bone is call$ its atta*m5t4444,a muscle is n always ext5d$ betwe5 two contigu\s bones4 ,occasionally1 pass+ ov] "o bone x atta*es itself to ! next4 ,?is is ! case ) sev]al muscles :i*1 orig9at+ f ! pelvic bone1 pass across ! upp] ?igh bone1 & atta* !mselves to ! l[] ?igh bone4 ,9 su* cases ! muscle is capable ( two diff]5t movem5ts3 x c ei!r /ret* ! knee1 previ\sly b5t1 s t ! upp] & ! l[] ?igh bones are 9 a /raight l9e2 or x c raise ! :ole ext5d$ leg yet high]1 & br+ x ne>] to ! pelvis4 ,b ! po9ts ( orig9 & ( atta*m5t ( muscles may ex*ange (fices4 ,:5 bo? legs /& firmly on ! gr\nd1 ! above-m5tion$ muscles are unable to raise ! ?igh2 in/ead1 on %ort5+1 !y draw d[n ! pelvis1 :i* n[ pres5ts ! m mobile po9t1 & ?us b5d =w>d ! :ole upp] "p ( ! body4 ,"o important consequ5ce ( ! atta*m5t ( ! muscles to ! bones is ! ext5sion ?us effect$4 ,if ! limb ( a dead body is plac$ 9 ! position :i* x ord9>ily occupi$ dur+ life1 & if "o end ( a muscle is !n sep>at$ f its po9t ( atta*m5t1 x draws itself back1 & becomes %ort]4 ,! same ?+ happ5s dur+ life1 z is obs]vable 9 ! op]ation ( cutt+ ! t5dons1 z practic$ by surgeons to cure curvatures4 ,! result be+ ! same dur+ life & aft] dea? ?is ph5om5on is evid5tly due to ! action ( ela/icity4 ,x ?us appe>s t ! muscles are /ret*$ by reason ( _! atta*m5t to ! skeleton1 & t1 on acc\nt ( _! ela/icity1 !y are cont9ually /riv+ to %ort54 ,n[1 :5 sev]al muscles are atta*$ to "o bone 9 su* a way t !y pull 9 opposite directions1 ! bone mu/ assume a position 9 :i* ! t5sion ( all ! muscles is balanc$1 & all ^! t5sions mu/ comb9e to press toge!r ! socket$ p>ts ) a c]ta9 =ce1 ?us evid5tly contribut+ to ! /r5g? ( ! socket connection4444,?is balanc$ position ( all ! limbs1 :i* ?us dep5ds on ! ela/icity ( ! muscles1 may be obs]v$ dur+ sleep1 = !n all active muscul> action ceases4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! limbs are !n g5]ally slightly b5t1 s t !y =m v obtuse angles to ea* o!r4 ,n all muscles are1 h[ev]1 ext5d$ betwe5 bones4 ,! t5dons ( "s pass into s(t /ructures1 su* z ! muscles ( ! face4 ,9 ?is case1 also1 ! diff]5t muscles ex]cise a mutual p[] ( ext5sion1 ?\gh x is b slight1 & !y ?us effect a def9ite balanc$ position ( ! s(t p>ts1 z may be obs]v$ 9 ! position ( ! m\? op5+ 9 ! face4--,,ros5?al1 ,muscles & ,n]ves4 ,,muscul> ,,fib]s 7p4 #cl74--,! anatomical composition ( fle% is v simil> 9 e k9d ( creature1 :e!r x be ! muscle ( ! ox or ( ! fly2 t is to say1 !re are c]ta9 tubes :i* are fill$ ) m9ute p>ts or elem5ts1 & ! adhesion ( ! tubes toge!r makes up ! sub/ance ( ! fle%4 ,^! tubes may be repres5t$ grossly by imag9+ ! f+] ( a glove1 to be call$ ! s>colemma1 or muscle- fib] p\*1 & ?is to be s small z n to be app>5t to ! nak$ eye1 b fill$ ) nuclei & ! juices peculi> to ea* animal4 ,hundr$s ( su* f+]s atta*$ toge!r w\ld repres5t a bundle ( muscul> fib]s4 ,! tubes are ( f9e tissue1 b are tol]ably p]man5t2 :il/ ! cont5ts are 9 direct communication ) ! circulat+ blood & pursue an incessant c\rse ( *emical *ange & physical r5ewal4--,,edw>d ,,smi?1 ,foods4 ,,fig4 #ga4 ,illu/ration3 ,smoo? ,muscle ,fib]s 7#cjj times enl>g$74 ,,! ,,smoo? ,,muscle ,,fib]s consi/ ( long1 sp9dle-%ap$ cells1 ! ends ( :i* are frequ5tly spirally twi/$1 & 9 ! c5t] ( :i* exi/s a long1 rod-%ap$ k]nel or nucleus4 ,unlike /riat$ muscle1 !y d n =m sep>ate muscul> masses1 b occur scatt]$1 or arrang$ 9 m or less d5se lay]s or /rata1 9 almo/ all organs4 ,footnote3 ,an in/ance ( a consid]able accumulation ( smoo?1 muscle fib]s is af=d$ by ! muscle p\* ( birds1 :i*1 ) ! exception ( ! out] & inn] sk9 cov]+s1 consi/s solely ( ^! fib]s collect$ 9 ext5sive lay]s4 ,arrang$ 9 regul> ord]1 !y v frequ5tly =m widely ext5d+ membranes1 especially 9 su* tube-%ap$ /ructures z ! blood vessels1 ! inte/9e1 etc41 ! walls ( :i* are compos$ ( ^! smoo? muscle fib]s4 ,9 su* cases !y are usually arrang$ 9 two lay]s1 "o ( :i* consi/s ( r+-%ap$ fib]s surr\nd+ ! tube1 :ile ! o!r consi/s ( fib]s arrang$ p>allel to ! tube4 ,:51 !re=e1 ^! muscle fib]s contract1 !y are able bo? to r$uce ! circumf]5ce & to %ort5 ! l5g? ( ! walls ( ! tube 9 :i* !y occur4 ,?is is ( great importance 9 ! case ( ! small] art]ies1 9 :i* ! smoo? muscle fib]s1 arrang$ 9 ! =m ( a r+1 are able greatly to contract1 or ev5 entirely to close ! vessels1 ?us regulat+ ! curr5t ( blood ?r\gh ! capill>ies4 ,9 o!r cases1 z 9 ! inte/9e1 !y s]ve to set ! cont5ts ( ! tubes 9 motion4 ,9 ! latt] cases ! contraction does n take place simultane\sly ?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( ! tube2 b1 comm5c+ at "o po9t1 x cont9ually propagates itself along fre% l5g?s ( ! tube1 s t ! cont5ts are sl[ly driv5 =w>d4 ,z a rule1 su* p>ts z are provid$ only ) smoo? muscle fib]s are n volunt>ily movable1 :ile /riat$ muscle fib]s are subject to ! w4 ,! latt] h1 !re=e1 be5 also di/+ui%$ z volunt>y1 ! =m] z involunt>y muscles4 ,! he>t1 h[ev]1 exhibits an exception1 =1 ?\gh x is provid$ ) /riat$ muscle fib]s1 ! w has no direct influ5ce ^u x1 its motions be+ ex]t$ & regulat$ indep5d5tly ( ! w4 ,moreov]1 ! muscle fib]s ( ! he>t are peculi> 9 t !y are de/itute ( s>colemma1 ! nak$ muscle fib]s directly t\*+ ea* o!r4 ,?is is s f> int]e/+ t direct irritations1 if appli$ to "s po9t ( ! he>t1 are transf]r$ to all ! o!r muscle fib]s4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ! muscle fib]s ( ! he>t are bran*$1 b su* bran*$ fib]s occur also 9 o!r places2 = example1 9 ! tongue ( ! frog1 :]e !y are bran*$ l a tree4 ,smoo? muscle fib]s be+1 !re=e1 n subject to ! w1 are caus$ to contract1 ei!r by local irritation1 su* z ! pressure ( ! matt] conta9$ )9 ! tubes1 or by ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,! contractions ( /riat$ muscle fib]s are effect$1 9 ! natural c\rse ( organic life1 only by ! influ5ce ( ! n]ves4--,,ros5?al4 ,,ov]ex]tion ,,& ,,p]sonal ,,imprud5ce 7p4 #dj74--;,among *ildr5 !re is little dang] ( ov]ex]tion4 ,:5 a little *ild rea*es ! po9t ( heal?y fatigue1 he usually collapses into re/ & sleep4 ,b ) y\? comes ! _s ( ambition & emulation4 ,a lad1 = in/ance1 is det]m9$ to w9 a race1 to ?r[ 8 oppon5t 9 a football scramble1 to lift a heavi] weight ?an 8 /r5g? w w>rant2 or a girl is /imulat$ by ! passion %e may possess = piano play+1 pa9t+1 danc+1 or t5nis4 ,! mom5t ( exhau/ion comes1 b ! end is n accompli%$1 & ! w goads on ! we>y muscles1 p]haps to "o supreme ef=t :i* t]m9ates 9 a %>p & sudd5 illness1 p]haps to days & weeks ( cont9u$ & incessant application1 dur+ :i* ! :ole sy/em is und]m9$4 ,?us is laid ! f\ndation = a feeble & suff]+ maturity4 ,to eld]ly p1 ov]ex]tion has peculi> dang]s1 dep5d5t l>gely ^u ! *anges :i* gradually take place 9 ! tissues ( ! body4 ,! walls ( ! blood vessels become less & less ela/ic1 & m & m brittle1 z life advances1 until at la/ !y are ready to give way f any sev]e or unusual pressure4 ,we con/antly see old p ha/5+ _! dea? by p]sonal imprud5ce4 ,an old g5tleman runn+ to cat* ! morn+ tra92 an old f>m] ha/5+ to turn ! /ray$ %eep out ( a cornfield2 ! old sportsman hav+ a la/ run ) ! h\nds2 ! la/ pull at ! o>s2 ! la/ attempt ( old age to play at vigor\s manhood4 ,a prom95t ,am]ican physician has said t betwe5 ! ages ( =ty & fifty e wise man w h ceas$ to run to cat* tra9s or /reet c>s2 & t betwe5 fifty & sixty he w h p]man5tly disc>d$ ha/e ( all k9ds4 ,equal precautions %\ld be obs]v$ by bo? "y & old1 b especially by ^? advanc$ 9 life1 9 reg>d to extremes ( heat1 cold1 or /orm4 ,william ,cull5 ,bryant1 by expos+ himself to a scor*+ sun & refus+ to p]mit a fri5d to protect him ) an umbrella :ile deliv]+ an address 9 ,c5tral ,p>k1 receiv$ injuries to 8 sy/em t c>ri$ him to 8 grave4 ,ralph ,waldo ,em]son1 by /&+ 9 a *ill+ w9d1 contract$ a cold & di$4 ,george ,dawson1 by go+ ?\ghtlessly into a freez+ atmosph]e f ! swelt]+ rooms ( a cr[d$ reception1 took cold :i* result$ 9 pneumonia & dea?4 ,mat!w ,arnold1 = ye>s a suff]] f he>t difficulty1 9 a s+le in/ance neglect$ ! advice ( 8 physician n to indulge 9 any viol5t ex]cise1 made repeat$ attempts & f9ally succe$$ 9 jump+ a f5ce1 & 9 a few h\rs 0 a dead man4 ,roscoe ,conkl+ brav$ ! mo/ t]rible blizz>d ev] kn[n 9 ! ea/ & sacrific$ 8 life4 ,& yet1 ^! 7 all m5 ( exceptional prud5ce4 ,probably no o!r five p]sons 9 ! _w ( l surr\nd+s & vocations 7 m c>eful ( _! heal?4 ,9 an ungu>d$ mom5t _! prud5ce left !m1 & !y paid ! t]rible p5alty4--,compil$4 ,,effects ,,( ,,insuffici5t ,,outdoor ,,ex]cise ,,^u ,,! ,,"y 7p4 #da74--;,*ildr5 depriv$ ( adequate outdoor ex]cise are always delicate1 pale1 & t5d]2 or1 9 a figurative s5se1 !y are l ! sprig ( vegetation 9 a d>k1 dank hole1--blea*$ & sp9dl+4444,an inactive indoor life is "o ( ! mo/ effectual ways ( weak5+ ! "y body4 ,x r5d]s ! gr[? unnaturally s(t & t5d]1 & ?us susceptible to h>m f ! slighte/ causes4 ,x h9d]s ! g>n]+ ( /r5g? necess>y = a long life1 & gives to ! g]ms ( disease a resi/less p[] ov] an organization s weak & defici5t4444,measles1 sc>let fev]1 & diph!ria f9d among su* a cong5ial soil1 & run riot among ! elem5ts ( ! body held toge!r by s frail a ?read4444,su* *ildr5 are always at ! m]cy ( ! wea!r4 ,colds & c\ghs are /&>d disord]s 9 w9t]1 heada*es & habitual languor 9 summ]4444,! scapegoat = ?is result is ! climate3 if t 0 only bett]1 mo!rs are sure _! *ildr5's heal? w\ld also be bett]4 ,no1 x w\ld n be bett]3 no e>?ly climate is good en\gh to pres]ve heal? & /r5g? "u su* unnatural tra9+4444,*ildr5 ( ! labor+ classes1 (t5 dirty & imp]fectly clad1 seldom h colds1 simply = ! reason t1 = ! great] "p ( ! day1 !y h ! fre$om ( ! /reets4 ,x is n ! dirt1 x is n ! rags1 b ! life-giv+ =ce ( an active outdoor life t r5d]s su* *ildr5 s /rong & heal?y4 --,,black1 ,t5 ,laws ( ,heal?4 ,,popul> ,,modes ,,( ,,outdoor ,,ex]cise 7p4 #db74--,walk+4--,e p]son has 8 own p>ticul> /ep1 caus$ by ! con=mity1 %ape1 & l5g? ( 8 bones1 & ! height ( 8 body4 ,su* a ?+1 !n1 z a regulation /ep is unnatural1 & any attempt at equaliz+ ! /ep ( individuals ( diff]5t heights mu/ result 9 a loss ( p[]4 ,! mom5t1 also1 t walk+ comes to be uphill1 fatigue is s5sibly increas$4 ,! c5t] ( gravity ( ! body is *ang$1 & ! muscul> =ce necess>y to provide = ! *ange causes ! fix+ ( ! diaphragm1 & a rigid condition ( _m muscles4 ,respiration is int]f]$ )1 ow+ to ! fix+ ( ! diaphragm1 & ! he>t becomes affect$ !reby4 ,a p]son ) a s5sitive or diseas$ he>t c1 dur+ a walk1 tell :5 ! slighte/ rise 9 ! gr\nd occurs4 ,we make climb+ m exhau/+ f ! habit we h ( susp5d+ ! brea?4 ,let ! read] hold 8 brea? & run up tw5ty-f\r /eps ( a /air1 & !n p]=m ! same act brea?+ freely & deeply4 ,x w be f\nd t by ! fir/ act m>k$ brea?lessness w be induc$1 :]eas by ! latt] ! effect is mu* less4 ,?is managem5t ( ! brea? con/itutes ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! beg9n] & ! exp]i5c$ a?lete4 ,! enorm\s increase ( ! quantity ( air consum$ dur+ ex]cise w at once br+ home a numb] ( lessons4 ,"o is1 t ex]cise is be/ tak5 9 ! op5 air1 & n 9 gymnasia2 ano!r1 t free play to act = ! regions ( ! *e/ & abdom5 mu/ be giv54 ,on no acc\nt mu/ a tight belt be worn ar\nd ! s(t-wall$ abdom54 ,if a belt is pref]r$ to braces1 let x be appli$ bel[ ! top ( ! haun* bone1 :]e ! bones c resi/ ! pressure4 ,:atev] may be ! pa/imes indulg$ 9 by "y m51 walk+ %\ld nev] be neglect$4 ,! o>sman w become /ale unless ! me?od ( ex]cise is v>i$2 ! gymna/ w develop ! upp] "p ( 8 body1 :ile 8 l[] extremities w rema9 sp9dle%anks4 ,s ) all o!r =ms ( ex]cise2 success1 9 any =m ( game1 sport1 or gymna/ic tra9+1 c n be atta9$ unless walk+ be freely tak54 ,skat+ is simply an exagg]at$ sw++ walk1 ) ?is diff]5ce1 t ! foot on :i* "o re/s is n /ation>y1 b moves along at a rapid rate4 ,! b5efit to ! circulation1 respiration1 & dige/ion is ev5 great] 9 skat+ ?an 9 walk+4 ,! dang]s f skat+ are3 #a4 ,! giv+ way ( ! ice4 ,great caution %\ld be us$ 9 reg>d to ! safety ( a froz5 pond or riv]4 #b4 ,tak+ cold f becom+ ov]heat$1 & f subsequ5t inactive exposure4 ,physiological k w tea* p t1 :5 !y beg9 to skate1 out] wraps %\ld be laid aside1 & aga9 put on :5 skat+ is f9i%$4 #c4 ,spra9s1 especially ( ! ankle1 & o!r m9or accid5ts aris+ f falls4 ,ankle boots ) /rong upp]s %\ld be worn dur+ skat+4 ,^? :o h weak ankles ought to we> skates ) ankle /raps & buckles1 acme skates be+ relegat$ to ^? :o are n afraid ( go+ ov] _! foot4 ,r[+4--,! muscles employ$ 9 r[+ may be summ$ up "u two heads--^? t are us$ 9 ! =w>d sw+1 & ^? us$ 9 ! backw>d4 ,9 ! =w>d sw+ all ! jo9ts ( ! l[] extremity1 ! hip1 knee1 & ankle1 are flex$2 ! %\ld] is br\ght =w>d2 ! elb[ is /raight5$2 & ! wri/ is fir/ ext5d$ & !n flex$1 9 fea!r+ ! o>4 ,! body is b5t =w>d by ! muscles 9 front ( ! abdom5 & sp9al column4 ,9 ! backw>d movem5t ! rev]se takes place2 ! l[] extremity1 ! hip1 knee1 & ankle are /raight5$2 ! %\ld] is pull$ back2 ! elb[ is flex$2 & ! wri/ is held /raight4 ,! body is b5t backw>d by ! muscles at ! l[] "p ( ! back1 & by ^? ( ! sp9e 9 g5]al4 ,x w be se5 t ! enorm\s numb] ( jo9ts put into use1 & ! v>y+ positions employ$1 call into play ne>ly e muscle ( ! limbs & trunk4 ,r[+ gives m "w to ! muscles ( ! back ?an any o!r k9d ( ex]cise4 ,?is is ( ! fir/ importance to bo? m5 & wom51 b especially to wom54 ,! *ief "w ( ! muscles ( ! back is to support ! body 9 ! erect position1 & ! bett] !y are develop$ ! bett] w ! c>riage be1 & ! less likelihood ( /oop+ %\ld]s1 contract$ *e/s1 & ! l4 ,n[1 ! "w ( ! muscles 9 support+ ! body is l>gely relegat$ 9 wom5 to ! /ays1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 ! muscles und]go wa/+ & fatty deg5]ation1 9 fact1 atrophy2 s t :5 ! /ays are left (f1 ! muscles are unfit to support ! body4 ,r[+ ex]cises ^! muscles condemn$ to wa/e1 & imp>ts a natural c>riage to ! girl's frame4 ,9 r[+1 z 9 horseback rid+1 ! clo?+ %\ld be loose1 /ays left (f1 & flannels worn next ! sk94 ,! dress itself %\ld be ( wool51 & !re %\ld always be 9 ! boat a l>ge wrap to use :5 "o /ops r[+4 ,! foll[+ practical rules %\ld be obs]v$ by r[]s3 #a4 ,nev] r[ aft] a full meal4 #b4 ,/op :5 fatigue comes on4 #c4 ,all[ ! brea? to escape :ile ! o> is 9 ! wat]4 ,a novice usually holds 8 brea? at ea* /roke1 & pulls s rapidly t 9 a few m9utes he becomes brea?less1 & is =c$ to /op4 ,n only is ?is uncom=table1 b x is dang]\s4 ,9 ! case ( bo? "y & old1 x may give rise to an abdom9al rupture 7h]nia71 dilation ( ! cavities ( ! he>t1 rupture ( a he>t valve1 v>icose ve9s1 etc4 ,in/ead ( fix+ ! diaphragm & hold+ ! brea? dur+ ! "t ( pull+1 z novices are apt to d1 d exactly ! opposite4 ,let ! diaphragm g loose1 & all[ ! brea? to escape4 #d4 ,*ange ! clo?+ f ! sk9 outw>d z soon z ! day's r[+ is f9i%$4 #e4 ,be=e retir+ = ! night1 h a w>m ba?1 temp]ature #ib ,fahr4 ,?is is a specific aga9/ ! a*es & muscul> /iffness :i* (t5 foll[ a long pull on ! wat]4 ,swimm+4--,a ^w ( w>n+ is necess>y 9 reg>d to ^? le>n+ to swim 9 riv]s4 ,boys at s*ool1 :5 !y take to riv] ba?+1 (t5 c>ry x to a dang]\s ext5t4 ,!y get into ! wat]1 & n[ 91 n[ out on ! bank1 sometimes rema9 = h\rs4 ,?is may take place day aft] day1 & if ! wea!r cont9ues w>m & ! holidays la/ long en\gh1 ! boy may r$uce himself to ! l[e/ ebb ( feebl5ess1 & possibly develop ! se$s ( lat5t disease4 ,he may ev5 die f ! effects ( ?is prolong$ imm]sion & madcap exposure4 ,! muscul> ex]tion und]gone dur+ swimm+1 especially by ^? :o swim only occasionally1 is v great4 ,! exp]i5c$ swimm] cons]ves 8 /r5g?1 z d pr(ici5ts at all feats1 b ! occasional swimm]1 l ! occasional r[]1 puts =? treble ! en]gy requir$1 & soon becomes exhau/$4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is a new act = ! muscles to p]=m2 !y are tak5 (f f ! beat5 tracks1 & are gr\p$ toge!r 9 new associations2 h5ce !y lack adju/m5t & adaptation4 ,aga91 z 9 o!r feats = :i* "o is untra9$1 ! he>t & lungs d n "w 9 "t4 ,ease & spe$ 9 swimm+ dep5d ^u ! atta9m5t ( h>mony 9 ! work+ ( ! muscles1 he>t1 & lungs4 ,div+ is an accompli%m5t atta*$ to swimm+1 :i* involves _m dang]s1 & is well-nigh useless4 ,! cu/om>y dive (f a spr+bo>d into ! %all[ wat] ( a swimm+ ba? is dang]\s 9 ! extreme4 ,! only place :]e div+ %\ld be attempt$ is into deep wat]1 at lea/ fifte5 or tw5ty feet1 :]e !re is no dang] ( /rik+ ! bottom4 ,lawn ,t5nis4--,( all mod]n inv5tions 9 ! way ( games1 lawn t5nis is ! be/4 ,! dang]s att5dant on lawn t5nis are3-- #a4 ,ov]ex]tion1 caus+ rupture & d]ang$ circulation1 especially 9 ! case ( ^? ) weak he>ts1 or ^? :o1 be+ out ( condition1 or too fat1 sudd5ly engage 9 ! game too long or too viol5tly4 #b4 ,rupture ( ! t5don ( ,a*illes1 f tak+ a sudd5 b\nd4 ,9 su* an accid5t ! subject falls d[n1 ) a s5sation z if /ruck ) a club on ! leg4 #c4 ,rupture ( "o ( ! heads ( ! biceps 9 ! arm4 ,"h ! arm drops helplessly1 & a muscul> knob rises up on ! inn] & upp] "p ( ! arm4 #d4 ,! t5nis arm4 ,?is tr\ble arises f ! me?od ( manipulat+ ! bat4 ,! pa9 is felt ov] ! upp] end ( ! radius4 ,_m ( ! /ra9s1 ruptur$ t5dons1 & torn muscles 9 t5nis play]s are caus$ by ! want ( heels to t5nis %oes4 ,z1 ord9>ily1 we walk on heels :i* v>y f half an in* to an in*1 !re mu/ be a consid]able extra /ra9 ?r[n on ! muscles ( ! calf ( ! leg1 :5 ! heels are left (f4 ,especially dur+ a sudd5 spr+ is ?is app>5t1 :5 to rise f (f ! heels on to ! toes requires a greatly increas$ =ce4 ,t5nis %oes %\ld !re=e h fairly deep1 broad heels4 ,horseback ,rid+ is a mix$ ex]cise1 p>tly active & p>tly passive1 ! l[] p>ts ( ! body be+ 9 "s measure employ$1 :ile ! upp] p>ts 9 easy cant]+ are almo/ :olly relax$4 ,x is peculi>ly suit$ to dyspeptics1 f its direct action ^u ! abdom9al visc]a1 ! cont5ts ( :i* are /imulat$ by ! cont9u$ agitation & succussion1 consequ5t on ! motion 9 rid+4 ,bicycl+ & ,tricycl+4--,:ile /rongly recomm5d+ bicycl+ & tricycl+ to bo? m5 & wom5 9 heal?1 ^? suff]+ f he>t or lung affections1 ruptures1 scr(ula1 jo9t disease1 or l maladies1 %\ld n indulge 9 !m )\t m$ical sanction4 ,= abdom9al compla9ts1 su* z dyspepsia1 conge/ion ( ! liv]1 con/ipation1 & ! l1 ! ex]cise is excell5t4 ,baseball is an ess5tially ,am]ican game1 :i* br+s into play ne>ly all ! muscles ( ! body4 ,its *ief dang] lies 9 be+ hit by ! h>d1 =cibly pit*$ ball1 &1 = weak p]sons1 9 ! viol5ce ( ! ex]cise4 ,football is a r\gh-&-tumble game1 suit$ only to t class ( boys & m51 :o1 brimm+ ov] ) animal life1 take small he$ ( ! accid5ts liable to occur4 ,light & ,heavy ,gymna/ics4--,= wet wea!r1 & :5 outdoor ex]cise is n practicable1 gymna/ics are mo/ advisable4 ,boys & girls1 at ! age ( fifte5 or sixte51 (t5 %oot up & become tall & lanky2 !y want fill+ out1 & are tr\bl$ ) gr[+ pa9s4 ,ev5 m51 :5 tall & ?91 are seldom v erect1 _! muscles are too weak2 & !re is only "o way ( ov]com+ ?is weakness--by ex]cis+ !m4 ,no?+ m is want$ ?an a pair ( v light ,indian clubs1 a pair ( light wood5 dumb bells1 a long wood5 rod1 & a pair ( wood5 r+s1--! la/ = comb9$ ex]cises4 ,inde$1 a sy/ematic motion ( ! body itself1 )\t any extra artificial resi/ance1 is q suffici5t = ! purposes ( physical education4 ,9 ne>ly all our l>ge cities are f\nd gymnasia1 provid$ ) compet5t in/ructors1 & e facility = bo? light & heavy gymna/ics4 ,ex]cise 9 a gymnasium is op5 to ! objection ( be+ too brief & too sev]e1 & ( simply caus+ an increase ( muscul> developm5t4 ,besides1 x is g5]ally unequal 9 its results1 be+ bett] adapt$ to ! cultivation ( /r5g? 9 ! upp] extremities & portion ( ! body ?an 9 ! l[]4 ,nev]!less1 dur+ inclem5t wea!r1 or ) p]sons 9 :om ! muscles ( ! arms & *e/ are defective1 mod]ate gymna/ic ex]cise is f> bett] ?an no ex]cise4--,compil$4 7,mo/ly f ,! ,influ5ce ( ,ex]cise 9 ,! ,book ( ,heal?47 ,,! ,,sk94 ,,! ,,hair 7p4 #eb74--;,baldness1 & its ,causes4--,v>i\s reasons are assign$ = ! baldness :i* is s preval5t among comp>atively "y m5 9 our c\ntry4 ,"o writ] says3 ,! premature baldness & grayness ( ! ,am]icans z a p is 9 great measure ow+ to ! nonobs]vance ( hygi5ic rules1 & to excess ( m5tal & physical labor 9 a climate =eign to ! race4 ,o!rs attribute x to ! close unv5tilat$ hats commonly worn by m54 ,dr4 ,ni*ols1 9 ! ,popul> ,sci5ce ,news1 gives 8 op9ion ?us3 ,9 our view1 x is l>gely due to mod]n me?ods ( treatm5t ( ! hair & scalp4 ,! errone\s idea prevails1 t ! sk9 :i* holds ! hair follicles & ! delicate secretory organs ( ! scalp mu/ be kept z 'clean1' s to speak1 z ! face or h&s2 consequ5tly "y m5 patronize b>b]s or hairdress]s1 & once or twice a week !y h :at is call$ a '%ampoo' op]ation p]=m$4 ,?is consi/s 9 a ?or\gh sc\r+ ( ! hair & scalp ) dilute ammonia1 wat]1 & soap1 s t a heavy 'la!r' is produc$1 & ! gl&ul> secretions1 :i* are ! natural protection ( ! hair1 & promotive ( its gr[?1 are saponifi$ & remov$4 ,no act c\ld be m directly de/ructive ( a heal?y gr[? ( hair ?an ?is4444,wom5 d n %ampoo or wa% ! hair z (t5 z ! o!r sex1 & consequ5tly !y are 9 a l>ge degree exempt f baldness 9 middle life4 ,x is true1 h[ev]1 t _m wom5 9 cities make frequ5t visits to ! hairdress]s1 & subject _! tresses to ! 'sc\r+' process4 ,if ?is becomes common1 x w n be long be=e baldness w ov]take ! "y mo!rs z well z ! fa!rs1 & ! "t w be ha/5$ :5 ev5 *ildr5 w h no hair to de/roy ) ammonia or o!r cau/ic cosmetics4 ,! advice we h to (f] to "y m5 & maid5s is1--let y\r hair alone2 keep at a safe di/ance f hair-dress+ rooms & drug %ops1 :]e are sold oils1 alkal9e sub/ances1 alcoholic mixtures1 etc41 = use ^u ! hair4 ,!y are all p]nici\s1 & w d y h>m4 ,! head & hair may be wa%$ occasionally ) s(t1 tepid wat]1 )\t soap ( any k9d4 ,z a rule1 ! only appliances ne$$ 9 ! c>e ( ! hair are good combs & bru%es3 & !y %\ld n be us$ h>%ly1 s z to w\nd ! scalp4 ,avoid all 'electric' & wire-made bru%es4 ,no electricity c be /or$ 9 a hairbru%3 if x c\ld be1 x is n ne$$4 ,sudd5 ,blan*+ ( ! ,hair f ,viol5t ,emotions4--,! color ( ! hair dep5ds ma9ly ^u ! pres5ce ( pigm5t granules1 :i* range 9 t9t f a light yell[ to an int5se black4 ,a rec5t inve/igator has succe$$ 9 extract+ ! color+ matt] ( ! hair1 & has f\nd t all ! diff]5t %ades are produc$ by ! mixture ( ?ree prim>y colors--r$1 yell[1 & black4 ,9 ! pure gold5 yell[ hair !re is only ! yell[ pigm5t2 9 r$ hair ! r$ pigm5t is mix$ ) m or less yell[1 produc+ ! v>i\s %ades ( r$ & orange2 9 d>k hair ! black is always mix$ ) yell[ & r$1 b ! latt] are ov]p[]$ by ! black2 & x seems t ev5 ! blacke/ hair1 su* z t ( ! negro1 conta9s z mu* r$ pigm5t z ! v r$de/ hair4 ,h5ce1 if 9 ! negro ! black pigm5t _h n be5 develop$1 ! hair ( all negroes w\ld be a fi]y r$4--,,dr4 ,c4 ,h4 ,,leon>d4 ,! ,hair3 ,its ,diseases & ,treatm5t4 ,! gradual disappe>ance ( ?is pigm5t causes ! gray or :ite hair ( old age4 ,?is natural *ange 9 color does n necess>ily d5ote loss ( vitality 9 ! hair1 z x (t5 cont9ues to gr[ z vigor\sly z be=e x began to :it54 ,cases ( sudd5 blan*+ ( ! hair f extreme grief or t]ror are (t5 quot$1--^? ( ,sir ,?omas ,m & ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette be+ well-kn[n in/ances 9 po9t4 ,an int]e/+ circum/ance has be5 discov]$ ) reg>d to su* cases1 namely1 t ! *ange ( color is n dep5d5t ^u ! disappe>ance ( ! pigm5t ( ! hair1 :i* always takes place sl[ly1 b ^u ! sudd5 developm5t 9 its int]ior ( a numb] ( air bubbles1 t hide & de/roy ! effect ( ! pigm5t1 :i* itself rema9s unalt]$4 ,dr4 ,l&ois m5tions ! case ( a ,g]man pr9t] :om he att5d$1 at a hospital1 9 ! summ] ( #ahfe4 ,?is man _h long be5 intemp]ate 9 8 habits1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* he 0 seiz$ ) delirium trem5s4 ,! delirium1 z is usual 9 su* cases1 0 ( an extremely t]rify+ nature1 & la/$ f\r days4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! f\r? day ! hair 0 unalt]$1 b on ! morn+ ( ! fif? ! delirium _h disappe>$1 & 8 hair1 :i* previ\sly 0 fair1 _h become gray4 ,x 0 exam9$ ) ! microscope1 :5 x 0 f\nd t ! pigm5t 0 /ill pres5t1 b t ! c5tral /reak ( ea* 0 fill$ ) air bubbles4 ,h[ ?is sup]abundance ( air f9ds its way into ! hair 9 ^! cases ( sudd5 blan*+1 physiologi/s h n yet be5 able satisfactorily to expla94--,9 ?is connection1 h[ev]1 x may be obs]v$ t air bubbles exi/1 m or less1 9 all hair1 m+l$ ) ! pigm5t granules4 ,! fea!rs ( birds owe _! bright colors to an oily secretion correspond+ to ! pigm5t 9 hair1 & microscopical obs]vation has reveal$ ! fact t :5 ^! colors fade ! oily secretion disappe>s1 & is replac$ by air4 ,t extreme t]ror may blan* fea!rs z well z hair is %[n 9 ! case ( a poor little />l+1 :i* ^u be+ rescu$ f ! claws ( a cat became sudd5ly :ite4 ,,! ,,nails 7p4 #ed74--,! nails are m]e modifications ( ! sc>fsk91 _! horny appe>ance & feel+ be+ due to ! fact t ! scales or plates ( :i* !y are compos$ are mu* h>d] & m closely pack$4 ,! root ( ! nail lies emb$d$1 to ! ext5t ( ab\t ! twelf? "p ( an in*1 9 a fold ( ! s5sitive sk91 &1 z may be obs]v$ f an inspection ( ! "p1 ! sc>fsk9 is n exactly cont9u\s ) ! nail1 b projects a little above x1 =m+ a n>r[ m>g94 ,! nail1 l ! sc>fsk91 re/s ^u1 & is intimately connect$ )1 a /ructure almo/ id5tical ) ! s5sitive sk92 ?is is1 h[ev]1 ?r[n into ridges1 :i* run p>allel to "o ano!r1 except at ! back "p1 :]e !y radiate f ! c5t] ( ! root4 ,on exam9+ ! surface ( ! nail1 a semicircul> :iti% portion is detect$ ne> its root2 its color is dep5d5t ^u ! fact t ! ridges !re conta9 few] blood vessels1 & !re=e less blood1 & on acc\nt ( its half-moon %ape x is call$ ! lunula4 ,! nail is con/antly increas+ 9 l5g?1 ow+ to ! =mation ( new cells at ! root1 :i* pu% x =w>d1 :ile ! increase 9 its ?ickness is due to ! secretion ( new cells f ! s5sitive lay] b5ea?1 s t ! f>!r ! nail gr[s f ! root1 ! ?ick] x becomes4 ,its nutrition1 & consequ5tly its gr[?1 suff]s 9 disease1 ! portion gr[+ dur+ disease be+ ?9n] ?an t gr[+ 9 heal?2 & accord+ly a transv]se groove is se5 ^u ! nail1 correspond+ to ! "t ( an illness4 ,x w ?us be se5 t by a m]e exam9ation ( ! nail we c a/oni% our fri5ds by tell+ !m :5 !y h be5 ill2 & x has be5 e/imat$ t ! nail ( ! ?umb gr[s f its root to its free extremity 9 five mon?s1 t ( ! great toe 9 tw5ty mon?s1 s t a transv]se groove 9 ! middle ( ! =m] indicates an illness ab\t two & a half mon?s be=e1 & 9 ! middle ( ! latt]1 ab\t t5 mon?s4 ,! culture ( ! nails1 :i* :5 p]fect con/itute s great a beauty1 is ( mu* importance2 b ! t5d5cy is to injure !m by too mu* att5tion4 ,! scissors %\ld nev] be us$ except to p>e ! free edges :5 !y h become ragg$ or too long1 & ! folds ( sc>fsk9 :i* ov]lap ! roots %\ld n1 z a rule1 be t\*$1 unless !y be fray$1 :5 ! torn edges may be snipp$ (f1 s z to prev5t _! be+ torn fur!r1 :i* may cause mu* pa91 & ev5 inflammation4 ,! upp] surfaces ( ! nails %\ld on no acc\nt be t\*$ ) ! knife1 z is s (t5 done1 ! nailbru% be+ amply suffici5t to keep !m clean1 )\t impair+ _! smoo? & poli%$ surfaces4--,,h9ton4 ,,ba?s ,,& ,,ba?+ 7p4 #fe74--,physical ,cleanl9ess ,promotes ,moral ,purity4--,! old adage t cleanl9ess is next to godl9ess1 mu/ h _h its orig9 9 ! feel+ ( moral elevation :i* g5]ally accompanies scrupul\s bodily purity4 ,frequ5t ba?+ promotes purity ( m9d & morals4 ,! man :o is accu/om$ to be physically clean %r9ks in/9ctively f contact ) all uncleanl9ess4 ,p]sonal neatness1 :5 gr[n into a habit1 draws aft] x s _m excell5ces1 t x may well be call$ a social virtue4 ,)\t x1 ref9$ int]c\rse w\ld be impossible2 = its neglect n only indicates a want ( prop] self- respect1 b a disrespect ( ! feel+s ( o!rs :i* argues a l[ tone ( ! moral s5se4 ,all nations1 z !y advance 9 civilization & ref9em5t ( mann]s1 pay increas$ att5tion to ! purity ( ! p]son4 ,:at1 !n1 %all we say ( p :o1 aft] all t has be5 said & writt5 ^u ! subject1 seldom or nev] ba!1 :o all[ ! pores ( ! sk9 to get block$ up ) a comb9ation ( du/ & p]spir$ matt]1 :i* is z effectual 9 its way z pla/] to ! walls ( a build+8 ,c\ld !y b once be tempt$ to ta/e ! delights :i* arise f a p]fectly clean & well-act+ sk93 ! *e]fulness1 nay1 ! feel+ ( moral z well z physical elevation1 :i* accompanies ! s5se ( t cleanl9ess1 !y w\ld soon e/eem ! little "t & tr\ble sp5t 9 ! ba?1 & 9 ! prop] c>e ( ! surface ( ! body1 z "t & labor v well sp5t--,,dr4 ,,/range4 ,! feet1 p>ticul>ly1 %\ld receive daily att5tion1 if x be no m ?an a vigor\s rubb+ ) a wet clo?1 foll[$ by a dry "o4 ,aft] a long walk1 also1 no?+ is m refre%+1 especially 9 summ]1 ?an a g5]\s footba? 9 cool or tepid wat]1 foll[$ by an entire *ange 9 %oes & /ock+s4 ,?is is really a necess>y precaution1 if ! feet h become wet f ! dampness ( ! gr\nd2 & if ! walk has heat$ ! body s t ! /ock+s are moi/ ) p]spiration1 x is n only an act ( prud5ce1 b an in/9ct ( p]sonal neatness4 ,anci5t ,greek & ,roman ,ba?s4--,f ! e>lie/ hi/oric times ! necessity = frequ5t & ?or\gh ablution has be5 recogniz$ by artificial provisions = ?is purpose4 ,! ,greeks _h /eam+ ba?s & fragrant ano9t+ oils1 z f> back z ,hom]'s "t1 a ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 b ! ,romans surpass$ all prec$+ & subsequ5t nations by _! magnific5t & luxuri\sly equipp$ ,!rm1 9 :i* a ba? co/ less ?an a c5t1 & 0 (t5 free4 ,a full ,roman ba? includ$ hot air1 dry rubb+1 hot1 tepid1 & cold wat] imm]sions1 scrap+ ) bronze in/rum5ts1 & ano9t+ ) preci\s p]fumes4 ,! ,mod]n ,russian & ,turki% ba?s are ! ne>e/ approa*es we h to ! ,roman ba?4 ,^! are f\nd 9 ne>ly all our l>g] cities4 ,! ,turki% ,ba? is conduct$ 9 a modifi$ =m 9 ?is c\ntry1 g5]ally ) hot air in/ead ( /eam4 ,its frequ5t use n only t5ds to keep ! body 9 a /ate ( p]fect cleanl9ess1 b x imp>ts a cle>1 fre% color to ! complexion :i* is h>dly atta9$ by o!r means4 ,its mo/ important effect1 says a writ] 9 ! ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 is ! /imulation ( ! emunctory action ( ! sk94 ,by ?is means we are enabl$ to wa% z x 7 ! solid & fluid tissues1 & especially ! blood & sk91 by pass+ wat] ?r\gh !m f )9 outw>d to ! surface ( ! body4 ,h5ce1 9 practice1 "o ( ! mo/ ess5tial requisites is copi\s draughts ( wat] dur+ ! sweat+4 ,dur+ ! op]ation ( a ,turki% ba?1 ! novice is (t5 a/oni%$ at ! am\nt ( effete matt] elim9at$ f ! pores ( ! sk94 ,a surpris+ quantity ( sc>fsk91 :i* no wa%+ c\ld remove1 peels (f1 especially if a glove ( camel's-hair or goat's-hair be us$1 z !y are 9 ! ,ea/1 :]e also ! soles ( ! feet are scrap$ ) pumice4 ,! deposit ( ?is sk9 ( only a week's date1 :5 collect$1 is (t5 z l>ge z "o's fi/4 ,mu* m solid matt] is conta9$ 9 ! p]spiration ( ^? :o take ! ba? = ! fir/ "t1 or aft] a long int]val4 ,no?+ escapes ?r\gh ! sk91 save :at is noxi\s if reta9$4 ,?is ba? %\ld nev] be us$ 9 case ( advanc$ lung diseases1 great debility1 acute inflammations1 or p]sons :o labor "u any =m ( he>t disease2 b ,i ?9k its influ5ce is directly curative 9 rheumatic1 g\ty1 & scr(ul\s affections1 "s sk9 diseases1 & ! e>li] /ages ( fev]i% colds & ague4 ,x is said to h calm+ effects 9 ! treatm5t ( insanity1 & ! use ( x 0 sugge/$ f ! heavy smell ! sk9 ( p]sons ?us afflict$ (t5 has4--,,mapo!r',s ,lectures on ,public ,heal?4 ,a some:at h]oic ba?1 us$ 9 ,sib]ia to drive away a ?reat5$ fev]1 consi/s ( a ?or\gh p>boil+1 )9 an in* or two ( a /eam+ furnace1 aft] :i* ! subject is drubb$ & flogg$ = ab\t half an h\r ) a bundle ( bir* twigs1 leaf & all4 ,a d\*e ( cold wat] is !n da%$ ov] ! exhau/$ ba!r1 :5 he is ready to be put into b$4 ,sea ,ba?+4--,be=e ! age ( sev5 ye>s1 & aft] fifty-five1 sea ba?s %\ld be us$ ) ! greate/ caution4 ,all p]sons unaccu/om$ to sea ba?+ %\ld beg9 ) a w>m or tepid ba?1 9 doors1 proce$+ by degrees to ! cold indoor ba?1 & !n to ! op5 sea4 ,! sea ba? %\ld be tak51 if possible1 :5 ! sun is %9+1 :5 ! wat] has be5 w>m$ by contact ) ! heat$ s&s1 & nev] dur+ ! dige/ion ( ! pr9cipal meal1 or late 9 ! ev5+4 ,imm$iately on plung+ into ! wat]1 :i* ne$ n1 except 9 p]sons ( full habit1 cov] ! head1 brisk motion ( "s k9d %\ld be us$4 ,^? :o c swim %\ld d s2 ^? :o c n1 %\ld make z mu* ex]tion ( ! limbs z possible1 or rub ! body ) _! h&s4 ,! delicate1 & p>ticul>ly ^? :o are recov]+ f illness1 %\ld remove f ! ba? z soon z ! gl[ arrives2 or1 if t be n felt at all1 !n aft] "o plunge4 ,dang] 9 ,ba?+ :5 ,ov]heat$4--,x is unwise to ba! :5 copi\s p]spiration has cont9u$ = an h\r or m1 unless ! heat ( ! wea!r be excessive1 or ! sweat+ has be5 induc$ by load+ ) clo!s1 r ?an by ex]tion4 ,:5 mu* p]spiration has be5 produc$ by muscul> ex]cise1 x is unsafe to ba!1 because ! body is s fatigu$ & exhau/$1 t ! reaction c n be insur$1 & ! effect may be to conge/ ! int]nal organs1 & notably ! n]ve c5t]s4 ,! latt] gives cramp4 ,if ! wea!r be *illy1 or !re be a cold w9d1 s t ! body may be rapidly cool$ at ! surface :ile undress+1 x is n safe to ba!4 ,"u su* conditions1 ! fur!r *ill ( imm]sion 9 cold wat] w take place at ! precise mom5t at :i* ! reaction consequ5t ^u ! *ill ( exposure by undress+ ought to take place1 & ?is second *ill w n only delay or altoge!r prev5t ! reaction1 b w conv]t ! ba? f a m]e /imulant to a depressant1 end+ 9 ! ab/raction ( a l>ge am\nt ( animal heat & conge/ion ( ! int]nal organs & n]ve c5t]s4 ,! aim mu/ be to avoid two *ills1 & to make sure t ! body is 9 su* a condition z to secure a quick reaction on em]g+ f ! wat]1 )\t rely+ too mu* on ! possible effect ( friction by rubb+4 ,! actual temp]ature ( ! wat] does n affect ! "q s mu* z its relative temp]ature 9 comp>ison ) t ( ! surr\nd+ air4 ,x ought to be mu* l[] ?an t ( ! air4 ,^! maxims receive a /rik+ re5=cem5t f ! case ( a "y soldi] :o a few days ago plung$ into ! riv] ne> ,man*e/]1 ,engl&1 aft] hav+ heat$ himself by r[+4 ,he 0 imm$iately tak5 ) cramps1 & 0 dr[n$4 ,:5 tak5 out1 8 body 0 f\nd twi/$1 & ! vessels ( 8 head %[$ e evid5ce ( conge/ion4--,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,septemb]1 #ahhc4 ,ba!r's ,cramp4--,cramp is a pa9ful & tonic muscul> spasm4 ,x may occur 9 any "p ( ! body1 b x is especially apt to take place 9 ! l[] extremities1 & 9 its mild] =ms x is limit$ to a s+le muscle4 ,! pa9 is sev]e1 & ! contract$ muscles are h>d & exquisitely t5d]4 ,9 a few m9utes ! spasm & pa9 cease1 leav+ a local s5sation ( fatigue & sor5ess4 ,:5 cramp affects only "o extremity1 no swimm] or ba!r end[$ ) av]age pres5ce ( m9d ne$ dr[n2 b :5 cramp seizes ! :ole ( ! volunt>y muscul> sy/em1 z x probably does 9 ! wor/ cases1 no?+ 9 ! abs5ce ( prompt & effici5t extrane\s assi/ance c save ! individual f dr[n+4 ,footnote3 ,ev5 ?is is (t5 unavailable1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,cornell ,univ]sity po/graduate dr[n$ 9 ,hall ,creek1 ,i?aca1 ,june #aj1 #ahhh4 ,9 ?is in/ance ! day 0 hot & oppressive1 & ! victim sank soon aft] ent]+ ! wat]4 ,8 companions at once ha/5$ to 8 relief1 & recov]$ 8 body 9 a few m9utes4 ,pr(essor ,wild]1 ( ! ,univ]sity1 0 hurri$ly summon$1 & e possible me?od 0 resort$ to 9 ord] to induce respiration1 b ! vital sp>k _h fl$4 ,an attack ( cramps is suppos$ to h be5 ! cause ( dr[n+4 ,prolongation ( muscul> ex]tion1 z 9 cont9u$ swimm+1 & =cible & sudd5 muscul> ex]tion1 z 9 swimm+ ) v vigor\s & rapid /rokes1 are effici5t & frequ5t causes ( cramp4 ,^! muscul> conditions1 h[ev]1 usually give rise only to ! slight] & m localiz$ =ms4 ,s]i\s cramp is a p]il :i* m5aces mo/ p]sons ) highly develop$ muscles4 ,its mo/ p[]ful & mo/ avoidable cause is ! sudd5 imm]sion ( ! body1 :5 its surface is highly heat$1 9 wat] ( a relatively l[ temp]ature4--,popul> ,sci5ce ,news4 ,protection ( ! ,e> 9 ,sea ,ba?+4--,special att5tion %\ld be paid by ba!rs to ! exclusion ( salt wat] f ! m\? & e>s4 ,_m cases ( inflammation ( ! e>1 foll[$ by sev]e & la/+ tr\ble1 ev5 to deafness1 are *>geable to ! neglect ( ?is precaution4 ,incom+ waves %\ld nev] be receiv$ 9 ! face or ! e>s1 & ! sea wat] :i* ent]s ! e>s :5 float+ or div+ %\ld be wip$ out by s(t cotton2 inde$1 ! be/ plan is to plug ! op5+s ( ! e>s ) cotton1 :i* is to be kept !re dur+ ! ba?4--,sci5ce4 ,h[ "o :o ,kn[s n h[ to ,swim c ,escape ,dr[n+4--,x is well = e "o to le>n ! art ( swimm+1 yet x is a k possess$ by comp>atively few p4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,mac,cormac1 a writ] 9 ,nature1 gives "s common s5se in/ructions t1 if he$$1 may be ( great s]vice to ^? p]sons :o1 n kn[+ h[ to swim1 may f9d !mselves accid5tally precipitat$ into ! wat]4 ,we cond5se f 8 article1 add+ "s directions1 z foll[s3 ,9 ord] to escape dr[n+1 x is necess>y only to d z ! brute does1 namely1 to walk or tread ! wat]4 ,! brute has no advantage ov] man 9 reg>d to 8 relative weight1 & yet ! man p]i%es :ile ! brute survives4 ,! ignorance ( s simple a possibility z t ( tread+ wat] /rikes me z "o ( ! mo/ s+ul> ?+s 9 ! hi/ory ( man4 ,p]haps some?+ is to be ascrib$ to ! vague mean+ :i* is atta*$ to ! ^w ,swim4 ,! dog is :olly incapable ( swimm+ z a man swims1 b no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t a man1 )\t previ\s tra9+ or in/ruction1 c swim j z a dog swims1 & t by s do+ )\t fe> or hesitancy1 he w be j z safe z is ! dog4 ,! brute ?us circum/anc$ cont9ues to g on all f\rs1 z if he 7 on l&1 keep+ 8 head well out ( ! wat]4 ,s ) ! man :o wi%es to save 8 life & c n o!rwise swim4 ,he mu/ /rike alt]nately1 ) h& & foot1--"o1 two1 "o1 two1--)\t hurry or precipitation1 exactly z ! brute does4 ,:e!r he be provid$ ) paw or ho(1 ! bea/ swims ) p]fect ease & buoyancy4 ,s1 too1 c ! human be+1 if he w1 ) ! fur!r imm5se advantage ( hav+ a paddle-=m$ h&1 & ( be+ able1 :5 tir$1 to re/ himself by float+1 an act ( :i* ! animal has no conception4 ,! pr9t$ direction %\ld be pa/$ up 9 all boa?\ses1 on e boat1 at e ba?+ place1 & 9 e s*ool3 ,tread wat] :5 y f9d y\rself out ( y\r dep?4 ,?is is all t ne$ be said1 unless1 inde$1 we add3 ,float :5 y are tir$4 ,to float1 "o ne$s only to turn ^u 8 back1 keep+--z always :5 9 ! wat]--! m\? & *9 well up & ! lungs full ( air4--,e "o ( u1 ( :atev] age & h[ev] encumb]$ ) clo?+1 may tread wat]1 ev5 9 a break+ sea1 ) z mu* facility z a f\rfoot$ animal4 ,! position ( ! wat] tread] is1 really1 v mu* saf] & bett] ?an ! sprawl+ attitude ( ! ord9>y swimm]4 ,b ! *ief advantage lies 9 ! fact t we c tread wat] )\t prelim9>y tea*+1 :]eas1 ?\gh we recomm5d all to le>n h[ to swim1 x involves "t & pa9s1 entails consid]able fatigue1 & is1 aft] all1 v seldom adequately acquir$4 ,,h9ts ,,on ,,clo?+ 7p4 #fg74--;,advantages ( ,wool5 ,fabrics4--,wool is m irritat+ ?an cotton1 on acc\nt ( ! /iffness ( ! hairs ) :i* x bri/les2 b ! excitation x produces becomes a !rapeutic means :5ev] ! sk9 ne$s a /imulant4 ,! use ( wool is p>ticul>ly desirable 9 "s c\ntries & "u "s conditions ( life4 ,pr(essor ,broc*i1 a writ] well kn[n = 8 inve/igations 9 mal>ia1 attributes ! good heal? & vigor ( ! anci5t ,romans to _! habit ( we>+ co>se wool5 clo!s2 :5 !y began to disuse !m1 & to we> light] goods & silks1 !y became less vigor\s & less able to resi/ ! morbid influ5ce ( bad air4 ,x 0 at ab\t ! "t ! wom5 began to dress 9 notably f9e tissues t ! insalubrity ( ! ,roman air began fir/ to be compla9$ (4 ,9 ! ,engli% army & navy1 says ,dr4 ,bale/ra1 ! soldi]s ( g>risons 9 unheal?y places are oblig$ con/antly to we> wool next to ! sk91 & to cov] !mselves ) suffici5t clo?+1 = protection aga9/ palud9e fev]s1 dys5t]y1 *ol]a1 & o!r diseases4 ,accord+ to ,patissi]1 simil> measures h be5 f\nd effectual 9 pres]v+ ! heal? ( workm5 employ$ on dikes1 canals1 & dit*es1 9 m>%y l&s2 :ile1 previ\s to ! employm5t ( ^! precautions1 mortality f fev]s 0 consid]able among !m4 ,dr4 ,bale/ra has prov$ by direct exp]im5ts 9 m>%y regions t ?ick & hairy wool5 g>m5ts arre/ 9 _! d[n a portion ( ! g]ms borne 9 by ! air1 :i* ?us rea*es ! sk9 filt]$ & purifi$4 ,! anci5t ,romans wore ample ov]-g>m5ts ov] _! tunics1 & nev] put !m away4 ,x is no less important to be well cov]$ dur+ ! night2 & precautions ( ?is k9d %\ld be recomm5d$ to all :o live 9 a swampy c\ntry4 ,we are sometimes a/oni%$ :5 we see ! natives ( p>ticul>ly w>m c\ntries envelop$ 9 wool51 z ! ,arab 9 8 burnoose1 or ! ,spani% peasant 9 8 tobacco-color$ cloak4 ,su* mat]ials protect bo? aga9/ ! rays ( ! sun & aga9/ ! coolness ( ! night1 & are excell5t regulators ( heat4 ,x is dang]\sly imprud5t to travel 9 s\!rn c\ntries )\t provision ( w>m clo?+4--,revue des ,deux ,mondes4 ,weight is n ,w>m?4--,:ile speak+ ( ! w>m? ( clo?+ = inclem5t wea!r1 x w\ld be incorrect n to speak ( weight 9 relation to w>m?4 ,_m p]sons mi/ake weight = w>m?1 & ?us feeble p are actually borne d[n & weak5$ by ! excess ( heavy clo?+ :i* is pil$ on !m4 ,good wool5 or fur fabrics reta9 ! heat1 & yet are light4 ,:5 fabrics int5d$ = su/a9+ w>m? are made up ( cotton1 ! mi/ake ( accept+ weight = w>m? is made4 ,! same errors are (t5 made 9 respect to b$ cov]+s1 & ) ! same results4 ,poison\sly ,dy$ ,clo?+4--,! introduction ( we>+ app>el1 socks1 /ock+s1 & flannels :i* h be5 made1 by new processes ( dye+1 to assume a ri* r$ or yell[ color1 has l$ to a local disease ( ! sk91 att5d$1 9 r>e cases1 ) slight con/itutional symptoms4 ,?is disease is due to ! dye/uffs4 ,! *ief poison\s dyes are ! r$ & yell[ corall9e1 sub/ances d]iv$ f t s]ies ( *emical bodies :i* h be5 obta9$ ( late ye>s f coal t>1 & commonly kn[n z ! anil9e s]ies4 ,! color+ pr9ciple is extremely active z a local poison4 ,x induces on ! sk9 a r$di%1 slightly rais$ eruption ( m9ute r\nd pimples :i* /ud ! r$d5$ surface1 & :i*1 if ! irritation be sev]e & long-cont9u$1 pass into vesicles dis*>g+ a ?9 wat]y i*or & produc+ a sup]ficial sore4 ,! disease is readily curable if ! cause ( x be remov$1 &1 z a g5]al rule1 x is purely local 9 "*4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 once se5 x pass beyond ! local /age4 ,a "y g5tleman consult$ me = :at he consid]$ 0 a rapidly develop$ attack ( erysipelas on ! *e/ & back4 ,he 01 inde$1 cov]$ ) an int5sely r$ ra%1 & he 0 affect$ ) n]v\s symptoms1 ) fa9tness & depression ( pulse1 ( a s+ul> & sev]e k9d4 ,i trac$ bo? ! local eruption & ! g5]al malady to ! effect ( ! organic dye 9 a r$ wool5 *e/ & back com=t]4 ,on remov+ ! com=t] all ! symptoms ceas$4 ,simil> & ev5 fatal cases h be5 kn[n f ! we>+ ( highly color$ hose4 ,uncleanl9ess ( ,dress4--,uncleanly attire creates conditions favorable to disease4 ,clo?+ worn too long at a "t becomes saturat$ ) ! excretions & exhalations ( ! body1 &1 by prev5t+ ! free transpiration f ! surface ( ! sk91 induces oppression ( ! physical p[]s & m5tal inactivity4 ,?is obs]vation w be accept$ by mo/ p]sons z true 9 respect to und]clo?+2 x is equally true 9 reg>d to ^? out] g>m5ts :i* are (t5 worn1 unremitt+ly1 until ! l9+s1 torn & soil$1 are unfit altoge!r = contact ) ! clean] g>m5ts b5ea? !m4 ,heal? w n be clo!d 9 dirty raim5t4 ,!y :o we> su* raim5t suff] f tra9s ( m9or compla9ts2 f oppression1 dullness1 heada*e1 nausea1 :i*1 ?\gh trifl+ 9 !mselves1 tak5 "o by "o1 :5 put toge!r greatly r$uce t /&>d ( p]fect heal? by :i* ! value ( life is correctly & effectively ma9ta9$4--,,ri*>dson4 ,,respiration4 ,,! ,,vocal ,,organs4--,musical ,tones 9 ,speak+ 7p4 #gf74--,voice is divid$ into s++ & speak+ voice4 ,"o diff]s f ! o!r almo/ z mu* z noises d f musical s\nds4 ,9 speak+1 ! s\nds are too %ort to be easily appreciable1 & are n sep>at$ by fix$ & regul> int]vals1 l ^? ( s++2 !y are l9k$ toge!r1 g5]ally by ins5sible transitions2 !y are n unit$ by ! fix$ relations ( ! gamut1 & c only be not$ ) difficulty4 ,t x is ! %ort duration ( speak+ s\nds :i* di/+ui%$ !m f ^? ( s++1 is prov$ by ?is1 t if we prolong ! intonation ( a syllable1 or utt] x l a note1 ! musical s\nd becomes evid5t4 ,s1 if we pron\nce all ! syllables ( a phrase 9 ! same tone1 ! speak+ voice closely resembles psalm s++4 ,e "o mu/ h notic$ ?is 9 he>+ s*oolboys recite or read 9 a monotone1 & ! analogy is complete :5 ! la/ two or ?ree syllables are pron\nc$ 9 a diff]5t tone4 ,spok5 voice is1 moreov]1 always a *ant m or less m>k$1 accord+ to ! individual & ! s5tim5t :i* ! words express4444,x is relat$ ( ,gretry1 t he amus$ himself by not+ z exactly z possible ! ,bonj\r1 monsieur6 7,good day1 sir67 ( ! p]sons :o visit$ him2 & ^! words express$ by _! intonation1 9 fact1 ! mo/ opposite s5tim5ts1 9 spite ( ! con/ant id5tity ( ! lit]al s5se4 ,spee* )\t a ,tongue4--,de ,jussieu relates t he saw a girl fifte5 ye>s old1 9 ,lisbon1 :o 0 born )\t a tongue1 & yet :o spoke s di/9ctly z n to excite 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o li/5$ to h] ! lea/ suspicion ( ! abs5ce ( t organ4 ,! ,transactions ( ! ,royal ,society ( ,london 7#agdb7 conta9 an acc\nt ( a woman :o _h n ! slighte/ ve/ige ( a tongue1 b :o c\ld1 not)/&+1 dr9k1 eat1 & speak z well & z di/9ctly z any "o1 & ev5 articulate ! words 9 s++4 ,o!r in/ances h be5 kn[n :]e individuals1 aft] los+ a portion ( ! tongue by accid5t or disease1 h aga9 be5 able to speak aft] a long] or %ort] p]iod4--,,le ,,pileur4 ,/imulants & ! ,voice4--,! ,dr9k]'s ,?roat is a recogniz$ pa?ological condition1 & ! ,g]mans h a popul> phrase1 ,he dr9ks 8 ?roat away4 ,isamb]t has po9t$ out ! directly local irritant effect ( bo? alcohol & tobacco on ! ?roat1 & also ! mode by :i* ^! ag5ts1 on absorption into ! sy/em1 re-manife/ _! pres5ce by pr$ispos+ to local ph>yngeal inflammations4 ,dr4 ,kri%ab] affirms3 ,x is g5]ally admitt$ t alcoholic bev]ages & tobacco irritate ! muc\s membrane ( ! ?roat1 directly affect ! voice1 & leave on x ineffaceable traces4 ,we hold ) equal c]ta9ty t tea & c(fee1 al?\gh n directly affect+ ! voice1 d s indirectly by act+ on ! n]v\s sy/em1 & ?r\gh x ! vocal organs1 z well z by1 "s g5]al n]v\s d]angem5t n v pron\nc$1 b great en\gh to deprive ! s+] ( ! full p[]s & capabilities ( 8 voice4 ,dr4 ,mack5zie says3 ,! influ5ce ( ! g5]al heal? ^u ! voice is v m>k$4 ,alcohol & tobacco %\ld nev] be us$4 ,! ho>se tones ( ! confirm$ vot>y ( ,bac*us are due to *ronic inflammation ( ! l9+ membrane ( ! l>ynx2 ! orig9ally smoo? surface be+ r\gh5$ & ?ick5$ by ! irritation ( alcohol1 ! vocal cords h less fre$om ( movem5t1 & _! vibrations are blurr$1 or r muffl$1 by ! unev5ness ( _! contigu\s edges4 ,a "y ,am]ican lady ( m>k$ musical gifts once ask$ ,adel9a ,patti's advice ^u prep>+ = ! /age4 ,%e f\nd ! great s+] wrapp$ 9 furs1 al?\gh ! wea!r 0 n sev]e4 ,aft] he>+ h] visitor1 ,patti repli$3 ,are y will+ to give up ev]y?+ = y\r art8 ,if y wi% to succe$1 y mu/ le>n to eat mod]ately1 take no /imulants--n ev5 tea or c(fee--keep z regul> h\rs z possible consi/5t ) y\r public appe>ance1 & ev5 d5y y\rself ! luxury ( fri5ds4 ,:5 y he> ( a great vocali/ giv+ extravagant w9e supp]s1 y may be sure t ! s+] h]self takes no?+4 ,to be a successful arti/e y mu/ be m>ri$1 s\l & body1 to y\r art4 ,l ! "y man to :om ,*ri/ spake1 ! "y woman w5t away sorr[ful1 &1 balanc+ ! t]ms1 conclud$ to =ego ! conte/4 ,,abdom9al ,,respiration 7p4 #hl74--,x has (t5 be5 /at$ t ! respiration ( woman diff]s f t ( man1 9 be+ limit$ almo/ entirely to ! *e/4 ,9 ord] to inve/igate ?is subject sci5tifically1 ,dr4 ,mays1 ( ,philadelphia1 devis$ an +5i\s in/rum5t = exam9+ ! respiration ( ! native ,indian girls 9 ! ,l9coln ,in/itution4 ,! girls _h n yet be5 subject$ to ! re/rictions ( civiliz$ dress4 ,he says3 ,9 all1 ,i exam9$ ! movem5ts ( eighty-two *e/s1 & 9 ea* case took an abdom9al & a co/al trac+4 ,! girls 7 p>tly pure & p>tly mix$ ) :ite blood1 & _! ages rang$ f betwe5 t5 & tw5ty ye>s4 ,?us !re 7 ?irty-?ree full-blood$ ,indians1 five "o f\r?1 ?irty-five "o half1 & two ?ree f\r?s :ite4 ,sev5ty- five %[$ a decid$ abdom9al type ( brea?+1 ?ree a co/al type1 & ?ree 9 :i* bo? 7 ab\t ev54 ,^? :o %[$ ! co/al type1 or a div]g5ce f ! abdom9al type1 came f ! m civiliz$ tribes1 l ! ,mohawks & ,*ippewas1 & 7 ei!r "o half or ?ree f\r?s :ite2 :ile 9 no s+le in/ance did a full-blood$ ,indian girl possess ?is type ( brea?+4 ,f ^! obs]vations x obvi\sly foll[s t1 s f> z ! ,indian is conc]n$1 ! abdom9al is ! orig9al type ( respiration 9 bo? male & female1 & t ! co/al type 9 ! civiliz$ female is develop$ ?r\gh ! con/rict+ influ5ce ( dress ar\nd ! abdom54 ,:ile ^! trac+s 7 tak5 an incid5t occurr$ :i* demon/rat$ t abdom9al con/riction c\ld modify ! movem5ts ( ! ?orax dur+ respiration4 ,at my fir/ visit to ! in/itution ,i obta9$ an exceptional co/al type ( respiration f a full-blood$ ,indian girl4 ,at my next visit ,i conclud$ to repeat ?is obs]vation1 & f\nd t1 contr>y to my in/ructions conc]n+ loose clo?+1 etc41 ?is girl at my fir/ visit _h worn ?ree tight belts ar\nd h] abdom54 ,aft] ^! 7 remov$ %e gave ! abdom9al type ( brea?+1 :i* is *>act]i/ic ( ne>ly all ! ,indian girls4 ,to u ^! facts are invaluable4 ,x %[s ! faulty con/ruction ( mod]n female dress1 :i* re/ricts ! motion ( abdom9al respiration4 ,x expla9s :y1 z exp]i5ce has taught u1 x is necess>y to re/ore ?is abdom9al rhy?m1 by prop] movem5ts1 9 ord] p]man5tly to cure ! affections ( ! l[] portion ( ! trunk4 ,x demon/rates conclusively t woman's dress1 to be injuri\s1 ne$s only to int]f]e ) ! prop] motion ( respiration1 ev5 ?\gh x ex]cises n ! slighte/ compression4--,heal? ,record4 ,,! ,,g]m ,,!ory ,,( ,,disease 7p4 #hf74--,:at are ,disease ,g]ms8-- ,microscopical inve/igation has reveal$ ?r\gh\t ,nature1 9 ! air1 9 wat]--especially :5 x conta9s organic matt]1 & ev5 )9 ! bodies ( p]sons & animals1 myriads ( inf9itesimal active organisms :i* live1 multiply1 & die 9 endless succession4 ,^! h be5 nam$ bact]ia 7bact]ium1 a rod1 s call$ f ! g5]al rod %ape fir/ obs]v$71 & also microbes 7microbe1 a small liv+ object74 ,"s inve/igators apply ! latt] t]m z a g5]al "o1 limit+ ! =m] to su* microbes z are believ$ to be special disease produc]s4 ,! ,g]m ,!ory tea*es t ! se$s or spores ( bact]ia1 float+ 9 ! air we brea! or 9 ! wat] we dr9k1 are tak5 into our bodies :]e1 "u conditions favorable to _! gr[?1 !y develop1 multiply1 &1 ea* aft] its own species1 produce di/9ctive evil results4--,?us1 accord+ to ?is !ory1 !re are special v>ieties ( microbes t cause1 respectively1 diph!ria1 erysipelas1 sc>lat9a1 *ol]a1 etc4--,"o ( ! mo/ common microbes 9 nature is ! bact]ium ( putrefaction1 f\nd ev]y:]e 9 decay+ organic matt]4 ,footnote3 ,?is is ! microbe f\nd 9 impure wat]4 ,if we take half a glass ( spr+ or riv] wat]1 & leave x uncov]$ = a few days1 we %all obs]ve ^u x a ?9 coat+ ( :at appe>s to be a f9e du/4 ,place1 n[1 a drop ( ?is du/y wat] "u a cov] glass1 & exam9e x "u a microscope ) a magnify+ p[] ( ab\t five hundr$ diamet]s4 ,! revelation is a/oni%+4 ,! :ole field ( ! microscope is 9 motion2 hundr$s ( bact]ia1 resembl+ m9ute transp>5t worms1 are swimm+ 9 e direction ) an undulatory motion l t ( an eel or snake4 ,"s are deta*$1 o!rs unit$ 9 pairs1 o!rs 9 *a9s or *aplets or cyl9drical rods4444,all ^! =ms repres5t ! diff]5t trans=mations ( ,bact]ium t]mo1 or ! microbe ( putrefaction4 ,^? :i* are dead appe> z small1 rigid1 & immovable rods4--,,tr\ess>t4 ,by ! species ( microbes call$ f]m5ts all f]m5t$ liquors are artificially produc$ 7see p4 #acb72 ^! also cause ! ris+ ( bread4--,^! wond]ful little exi/5ces are ?us made to p]=m an important "p 9 ! economy ( ,nature4 ,n\ri%$ at ! exp5se ( putrefy+ organic matt]1 !y r$uce its complex con/itu5ts into soluble m9]al sub/ances1 :i* !y return to ! soil to s]ve afre% = ! n\ri%m5t ( simil> plants4 ,?us !y cle> ! surface ( ! e>? f dead bodies & fecal matt]1 & f all ! useless sub/ances :i* are ! refuse ( life2 & ?us !y unite animals & plants 9 an endless *a94--,,tr\ess>t4 ,h[ ,disease ,g]ms ,gr[4--,exp]im5ts hav+ %[n t no life is kn[n to spr+ f inanimate matt]1 we may reasonably suppose t j z :eat does n gr[ except f se$1 s no disease occurs )\t "s disease g]m to produce x4 ,!n1 aga91 we may logically assume t ea* disease is due to ! developm5t ( a p>ticul> k9d ( g]m4 ,if we plant smallpox g]ms1 we d n reap a crop ( sc>lat9a or measles2 b1 j z :eat spr+s f :eat1 ea* disease has its own di/9ctive g]ms4 ,ea* comes f a p>5t /ock1 & has exi/$ some:]e previ\sly4444,"u ord9>y circum/ances1 ^! g]ms1 ?\gh ne>ly always pres5t1 are comp>atively few 9 numb]1 & 9 an extremely dry & indurat$ /ate4 ,h5ce1 !y may frequ5tly ent] our bodies )\t meet+ ) ! conditions ess5tial to _! gr[?2 = exp]im5ts h %[n t x is v difficult to moi/5 !m1 & till !y are moi/5$1 !y d n beg9 to develop4 ,9 a heal?y sy/em !y rema9 inactive4 ,b any?+ t5d+ to weak5 or impair ! bodily organs1 furni%es favorable conditions1 & ?us epidemics almo/ always orig9ate & are mo/ fatal 9 ^? qu>t]s ( our great cities :]e dirt1 squalor1 & f\l air r5d] s\nd heal? almo/ an impossibility4444 ,hav+ once got a beg9n+1 epidemics rapidly spread4 ,! g]ms are !n s5t into ! air 9 great numb]s1 & 9 a moi/ /ate2 & ! probabilities ( _! ent]+1 & ( _! e/abli%+ !mselves ev5 9 heal?y bodies1 are va/ly increas$4444,climate & ! wea!r h also mu* influ5ce on ! vitality ( ^! g]ms4 ,cold is a prev5tive aga9/ "s diseases1 heat aga9/ o!rs4 ,tyndall f\nd t sunlight greatly ret>d$ & sometimes entirely prev5t$ putrefaction2 :ile dirt is always favorable to ! gr[? & developm5t ( g]ms4 ,sun%9e & cleanl9ess are und\bt$ly ! be/ & *eape/ prev5tives aga9/ disease4--,disease ,g]ms ,*amb]s's ,j\rnal4 ,y "k ! exquisitely tru?ful figures employ$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t reg>d+ leav54 ,a p>ticle hid 9 ?ree measures ( meal leav5s x all4 ,a little leav5 leav5e? ! :ole lump4 ,9 a simil> mann] a p>ticle ( contagium spreads ?r\gh ! human body1 & may be s multipli$ z to /rike d[n :ole populations4 ,consid] ! effect produc$ ^u ! sy/em by a microscopic quantity ( ! virus ( smallpox4 ,t virus is to all int5ts & purposes a se$4 ,x is s[n z leav5 is s[n1 x gr[s & multiplies z leav5 gr[s & multiplies1 & x always reproduces itself4444,contagia are liv+ ?+s1 :i* dem& c]ta9 elem5ts ( life1 j z inexorably z trees1 or :eat1 or b>ley2 & x is n difficult to see t a crop ( a giv5 p>asite may s f> use up a con/itu5t exi/+ 9 small quantities 9 ! body1 b ess5tial 9 ! gr[? ( ! p>asite1 z to r5d] ! body unfit = ! production ( a second crop4 ,! soil is exhau/$2 & until ! lo/ con/itu5t is re/or$1 ! body is protect$ f any fur!r attack f ! same disord]4 ,to exhau/ a soil1 h[ev]1 a p>asite less vigor\s & de/ructive ?an ! really virul5t "o may suffice2 & if1 aft] hav+1 by means ( a feebl] organism1 exhau/$ ! soil )\t fatal result1 ! mo/ highly virul5t p>asite be introduc$ into ! sy/em1 x w prove p[]less4 ,?is1 9 ! language ( ! g]m !ory1 is ! :ole secret ( vacc9ation4--,,tyndall4 ,disease ,g]ms ,conta9$ 9 ,atmosph]ic ,du/4--,take ! extract$ juice ( beef or mutton1 s prep>$ z to be p]fectly transp>5t1 & entirely free f ! liv+ g]ms ( bact]ia4 ,into ! cle> liquid let fall ! t9ie/ drop ( an infusion *>g$ ) ! bact]ia ( putrefaction4 ,tw5ty-f\r h\rs subsequ5tly1 ! cle> extract w be f\nd muddy ?r\gh\t1 ! turbidity be+ due to sw>ms ( bact]ia g5]at$ by ! drop ) :i* ! infusion 0 inoculat$4 ,at ! same "t ! infusion w h pass$ f a /ate ( sweetness to a /ate ( putridity4 ,let a drop simil> to t :i* has produc$ ?is effect fall into an op5 w\nd3 ! juices ( ! liv+ body n\ri% ! bact]ia z ! beef or mutton juice n\ri%$ !m1 & y h putrefaction produc$ )9 ! sy/em4 ,! air1 z ,i h said1 is lad5 ) float+ matt] :i*1 :5 x falls ^u ! w\nd1 acts sub/antially l ! drop4444,a few ye>s ago ,i 0 ba?+ 9 an ,alp9e /ream1 &1 return+ to my clo!s f ! cascade :i* _h be5 my %[] ba?1 ,i slipp$ ^u a block ( granite1 ! %>p cry/als ( :i* /amp$ !mselves into my nak$ %94 ,! w\nd 0 an awkw>d "o1 b1 be+ 9 vigor\s heal? at ! "t1 ,i hop$ = a spe$y recov]y4 ,dipp+ a clean pocket h&k]*ief into ! /ream1 ,i wrapp$ x r\nd ! w\nd1 limp$ home1 & rema9$ = f\r or five days quietly 9 b$4 ,!re 0 no pa91 & at ! end ( ?is "t ,i ?\ght myself q fit to quit my room4 ,! w\nd1 :5 uncov]$1 0 f\nd p]fectly clean1 un9flam$1 & entirely free f pus4 ,plac+ ov] x a bit ( gold beat]'s sk91 ,i walk$ ab\t all day4 ,t[>d ev5+1 it*+ & heat 7 felt2 a l>ge accumulation ( pus foll[$1 & ,i 0 =c$ to g to b$ aga94 ,! wat] b&age 0 re/or$1 b x 0 p[]less to *eck ! action n[ set up2 arnica 0 appli$1 b x made matt]s worse4 ,! inflammation increas$ al>m+ly1 until f9ally ,i 0 ignobly c>ri$ on m5's %\ld]s d[n ! m\nta91 & transport$ to ,g5eva1 :]e1 ?anks to ! k9dness ( fri5ds1 ,i 0 imm$iately plac$ 9 ! be/ m$ical h&s4 ,on ! morn+ aft] my arrival 9 ,g5eva1 ,dr4 ,gauti] discov]$ an abscess 9 my in/ep1 at a di/ance ( five in*es f ! w\nd4 ,! two 7 connect$ by a *annel1 or s9us1 z x is te*nically call$1 ?r\gh :i* he 0 able to empty ! abscess )\t ! application ( ! lance4 ,by :at ag5cy 0 t *annel =m$--:at 0 x t ?us tore asund] ! s\nd tissue ( my in/ep1 & kept me = six weeks a prison] 9 b$8 ,9 ! v room :]e ! wat] dress+ _h be5 remov$ f my w\nd & ! gold beat]'s sk9 appli$ to x1 ,i op5$ ?is ye> a numb] ( tubes1 conta9+ p]fectly cle> & sweet infusions ( fi%1 fle%1 & vegetable4 ,^! h]metically seal$ infusions _h be5 expos$ = weeks1 bo? to ! sun ( ! ,alps & to ! w>m? ( a kit*51 )\t %[+ ! slighte/ turbidity or signs ( life4 ,b two days aft] !y 7 op5$1 ! great] numb] ( !m sw>m$ ) ! bact]ia ( putrefaction1 ! g]ms ( :i* _h be5 contract$ f ! du/-lad5 air ( ! room4 ,&1 _h ! pus f my abscess be5 exam9$1 my memory ( its appe>ance leads me to inf] t x w\ld h be5 f\nd equally sw>m+ ) ^! bact]ia--t x 0 _! g]ms :i* got into my incauti\sly op5$ w\nd4 ,!y 7 ! subtile work]s t burr[$ d[n my %91 dug ! abscess 9 my in/ep1 & produc$ effects :i* might well h prov$ fatal to me4--,,tyndall4 ,disease ,g]ms ,c>ri$ 9 ,soil$ ,clo?+ 7p4 #hi74--,! conveyance ( *ol]a g]ms by bodies ( m5 mov+ along ! l9es ( human communication1 )\t necess>ily affect+ ! individuals :o transport !m1 is n[ easy to und]/&2 = x is well e/abli%$ t clo!s or l95 soil$ by *ol]a pati5ts may n only imp>t ! g]ms ) :i* !y are contam9at$ to ^? :o h&le !m :5 fre%1 b t1 aft] hav+ be5 dri$ & pack$1 !y may infect p]sons at any di/ance :o incauti\sly unfold !m4 ,?us1 :ile ! nurses ( *ol]a pati5ts may1 ) prop] precautions1 enjoy an absolute immunity f attack1 ! disease g]ms may be introduc$ into new localities )\t any o/5sible indication ( _! pres5ce4 ,x is obvi\s t ! only security aga9/ su* introduction consi/s 9 ! de/ruction or ?or\gh dis9fection ( e scrap ( clo?+ or l95 :i* has be5 ab\t ! p]son ( a *ol]a pati5t4--,,dr4 ,,c>p5t]4 ,i h kn[n sc>let fev] to be c>ri$ by ! clo?+ ( a nurse into a heal?y family1 & communicate ! disease to e memb] ( ! family4 ,i h kn[n *ol]a to be communicat$ by ! clo!s ( ! affect$ p]son to ! wom5 engag$ 9 wa%+ ! clo!s4 ,i h kn[n smallpox convey$ by clo!s t _h be5 made 9 a room :]e ! tailor _h by 8 side suff]]s f ! t]rible malady4 ,i h se5 ! new clo?1 out ( :i* 0 to come ! rid+ habit = "s innoc5t *ild to rejoice 9 z %e fir/ wore x1 und]go ! prelim9>y duty ( =m+ "p ( ! b$ clo?+ ( ano!r *ild /rick5 d[n ) fev]4 ,la/ly1 ,i h kn[n sc>let fev]1 smallpox1 typhus1 & *ol]a1 communicat$ by clo?+ contam9at$ 9 ! laundry4--,,dr4 ,,ri*>dson4 ,,! ,,sanit>y ,,home 7see p4 #id74--a4 ,! ,site4--,fir/ & =emo/ ( all ! ?+s y are to consid]1 is ! heal?fulness ( a situation4 ,! brighte/ h\se & *e]ie/ outlook 9 nature w be made somb] by ! con/ant pres5ce ( a doctor1 & ! w&]+ ar\nd ( an unse51 b ev] felt1 spect] 9 ! %ape ( miasm4444,mal>ia-malus1 bad2 aria1 air--means1 9 its common def9ition1 simply bad air4 ,miasma is its synonym1--infect+ effluvia float+ 9 ! air4 ,because1 z ev]ybody kn[s1 c]ta9 places h always *ills & fev] associat$ ) !m1 & o!r places h n1 x foll[s t betwe5 su* places !re is "s fact ( diff]5ce2 ?is fact is ! pres5ce ( miasm1 a cause ( disease1 hav+ a signification associative ) ! locality4444 ,vegetation1 heat1 & moi/ure3 ^! are ! ?ree active ag5ts 9 ! production ( miasma1 to :i* a f\r? is to be add$1 9 ! influ5ce ( non-dra9age1 ei!r by ! way ( ! atmosph]e or runn+ wat]4 ,! /ronge/ example ( a mal>i\s locality "o might make w\ld be 9 sugge/+ a m>%y valley 9 a tropical climate1 s ov]run ) fix$ wat] z to de/roy a prolific vegetation1 yet n cov]+ x en\gh to protect ! g>bage f ! putrefy+ influ5ces ( ! sun2 ?is valley1 9 turn1 s environ$ ) hills z to %ut (f a circulation ( air4444,gr\nd newly brok5 is n unapt to g5]ate miasm4 ,?is results f ! sudd5 exposure ( long-buri$ vegetable matt] to ! influ5ces ( moi/ure & heat4444,x may readily be conceiv$ t mal>i\s situations exi/ :]e ! miasm is n suffici5t 9 quantity to produce ! effects ( int]mitt5t or bili\s fev]1 yet :]e !re is q en\gh ( x to keep a man feel+ good = no?+1--he is n sick1 b he is nev] well4 ,i "k ( "o c\ntry seat ( ?is k9d1 :]e =ty ?\s& doll>s w\ld n pay = ! improvem5ts put ^u x1 & :]e1 ,i am free to decl>e1 ,i w\ld n ?9k ( liv+1 ev5 if1 z an inducem5t1 a free gift 7 made to me ( ! place4444,besides miasm1 !re are o!r atmosph]ic associations to be consid]$4 ,i recall ?is mom5t a di/ill]y1 :]e attempt 0 made to get cle> ( ! ma% by ?r[+ x into a runn+ /ream1 ) ! anticipation ( its be+ c>ri$ to ! riv]1 b :]e1 on ! contr>y1 x became a /agnant putresc5t mass1 impregnat+ ! air = miles ) its un5durable odor1 & induc+ su* a typhoid t5d5cy t half ! c\ntryside 7 d[n ) fev]4444,!re are1 aga91 situations :]e ! fil? & debris ( sewage ex]cise a poison+ influ5ce on ! surr\nd+ atmosph]e4 ,?is has its pr9cipal application to ! neighborhood ( cities & t[ns dra9$ into adjo9+ /reams4 ,london & ! ,?ames furni% a notable illu/ration4 ,a cove1 attractive z x is1 may prove a receptacle = ! accumulation ( dead fi% & o!r (fal1 :i* %all make unt5able ! *>m+ cottage ^u ! bank4 ,a deep cove has r>ely heal?y surr\nd+s1 ! circulation ( its wat] be+ too sluggi% to insure fre%ness & vitality4 ,wat]1 l blood1 to be heal?y1 mu/ be 9 a /ate ( cont9u\s movem5t4 ,a nonobs]vant man1 pur*as+ a beautiful /ream1 may be completely disappo9t$ by f9d+ t ! opacity ( its wat] dep5ds ^u a factory1 ( :i* he _h nev] s mu* z he>d2 he may n let 8 *ildr5 ba! 9 x1 = he may well fe> = !m ! fate ( ! fi% he s pl5tifully f9ds ly+ dead ^u ! %ore4 ,a poison$ rural /ream is z sad a sight z x has gr[n to be a common "o4 ,always1 be=e buy+ wat]1 "k :at !re is up /ream1 or :at !re is likely to be4 ,nev] buy a c\ntry h\se )\t see+ to x t ! f\ndation /&s ^u a high] level ?an "s *annel :i* may dra9 x1 & ?is1 by ! way1 is n to consid] alone ! dry summ] day on :i* y g fir/ to visit ! place2 y are to ?9k ( ! w9t] & spr+4 ,look to x t no excess ( wat] %all be able to dr[n y out2 "s places1 :i* 9 dry wea!r are glori\s1 are1 9 w9t] & spr+1 ankle deep 9 slu% & mire1 & ev]y?+ ab\t !m is z wet z a soak$ bo>d4 ,op5 ! front door ( su* a h\se1 & a *ill /rikes y in/antly4 ,a fire mu/ be kept ! ye> r\nd1 or o!rwise y live 9 ! moi/ure ( a vault4 ,places !re are ( ?is class :]e ! "q ( ! wat] f ! kit*5 pump comes to absorb ! att5tion ( ! :ole h\sehold4 ,no %ade is an abom9ation4 ,a bili\s fev] fatt5s 9 ! sun z does miasm 9 a m>%y valley4 ,too mu* %ade1 on ! contr>y1 & too ne> ! h\se1 is equally ( ill import2 x keeps ?+s damp1 & dampness is a bre$] ( pe/il5ce4 ,an atmosph]e conf9$ ab\t a h\se by too d5se foliage is1 l ! air ( an unv5tilat$ room1 n fit = practical purposes4 ,! sporadic poisons h an intimate relation%ip ) dampness2 miasm lives 9 x z does a snail 9 8 %ell4 ,besides ?is1 x %uts out ! cool brea? ( ! summ] nights1 & makes re/less swelt]]s :]e ev5 a blanket might be enjoy$4--,,dr4 ,,john ,,d>by1 ,odd ,h\rs ( a ,physician4 #b4 ,! ,h\se4--,s con/ruct ! dwell+ f f\ndation to ro( t no dampness c result4 ,give to ! cell> dry walls1 a cem5t floor1 & w9d[s en\gh to insure con/ant curr5ts ( air4 ,insi/ ^u su* a sy/em ( imm$iate & p]fect sew]age z %all r5d] contam9ation impossible4 ,if mod]n improvem5ts are af=d$1 see t ! plumb+ embraces ! late/ & mo/ sci5tific sanit>y inv5tions4 ,d n economize on ?is po9t2 heal?1 p]haps life1 dep5ds ^u ! p]fect work+ ( ! v>i\s traps4 ,hav+ employ$ ! mo/ skill$ & intellig5t plumb]s1 ov]look _! "w s t y may fully und]/& ! pr9ciple appli$4 ,provide = ample v5tilation 9 e ap>tm5t1 above & bel[4 ,let ! sleep+ rooms be above /airs1 & furni%$ ) appliances = mod]ate w>m? 9 w9t]4 ,treat y\rself & y\r family to z _m fireplaces z possible4 ,indulge 9 a spaci\s piazza1 s plac$ t x w n cut (f ! light f ! family sitt+ room1 &1 if y c1 include a balcony or two1 l>ge en\gh to hold a *air & a table1 or a workbasket4 ,rememb] t a h\se is = conv5i5ce & protection only :5 y c n be 9 ! op5 air4 #c4 ,! kit*5 & ! ,du/ ,heap4--,removal ( ,h\sehold ,refuse4--,x has to be assum$1 especially :]e s]vants are n c>efully ov]look$1 t ! du/ heap ( mo/ h\ses w conta9 m or less decompos+ organic matt]1 su* z bits ( meat1 scales & refuse ( fi%1 tea & c(fee gr\nds1 & ! peel+s ( vegetables1 :i*1 ?\gh q out ( place 9 ! a% heap1 are apt surreptiti\sly to be ?r[n ^u x4 ,su* matt] soon becomes (f5sive & ev5 dang]\s1 & a few days' ret5tion ( x 9 w>m wea!r con/itutes a legal nuisance4 ,h\sehold refuse %\ld be c>t$ away z (t5 z once 9 two days2 9 extreme hot wea!r1 daily4 ,:]e x is inexp$i5t to remove x frequ5tly1 x %\ld be kept cov]$ to ! dep? ( two or ?ree in*es ) a lay] ( p[d]$ *>coal1 or fre%ly burnt lime1 or1 at lea/1 ( cle> dry e>?4 ,all soil :i* has become f\l by ! soakage ( decay+ or vegetable matt] %\ld be simil>ly treat$4 ,! refuse heap %\ld be protect$ f ra91 & liquids %\ld nev] be ?r[n ^u x4 ,:]e obnoxi\s matt] has be5 all[$ to accumulate1 its di/urbance = removal %\ld be conduct$ ) special precaution1 bo? on acc\nt ( its tempor>y (f5siv5ess ( odor & ! m s]i\s results :i* may foll[4 ,x c n be too di/9ctly und]/ood t cleanl9ess1 v5tilation1 & dryness are ! be/ ( all deodoriz]s4 ,"o ( ! fir/ ( h\sehold regulations %\ld be to see t no unsanit>y rubbi% rema9s 9 or ab\t ! dwell+4 ,keep ! du/ heap itself at ! f>!/ practicable remove f ! h\se4 ,s[ grass se$ pl5tifully ^u ! back premises1 & induce tid9ess 9 ! dome/ics by hav+ ! kit*5 door op5 ^u a well-kept lawn4 ,burn+ ( ,g>bage4--,! easie/1 quicke/1 & mo/ sanit>y me?od ( dispos+ ( h\sehold g>bage is to burn x ,?is plan has be5 (ficially recomm5d$ by ! ,bo>ds ( ,heal? 9 v>i\s cities4 ,_m h\sekeep]s h adopt$ x1 & f9d x s practicable t 9 ,new ,york ,city !re has become a m>k$ decrease 9 ! am\nt ( h\sehold refuse collect$ by ! scav5g]s4 ,if1 aft] e meal1 ! draughts ( ! range be op5$1 & all wa/e matt] be deposit$ )91 a few mom5ts1 or at mo/1 a half h\r1 w effectually dispose ( x1 & prev5t all ! dang]s t arise f its ret5tion & accumulation4 ,9 ! c\ntry1 :]e !re is pl5ty ( gr\nd1 ne>ly all rubbi% c be de/roy$ 9 ?is way & by outside fires1 ) ! additional advantage t !--,e4 ,r4 ,s4 #d4 ,! ,sew]s & ,dra9s4--,h[ to ,keep out ,sew] ,air4--,! mo/ p]fectly flu%$ sew]s t are made1 "u ! late/ & fulle/ sanit>y light1 mu/1 ow+ to ! con/ant entrance ( greasy & o!r adhesive mat]ial1 conta9 m or less ( p>ticles t /ick1 & also m or less ( fungi & mold2 s t "h1 %ut away f light & air1 goes on ! peculi> f]m5tation t fits x = ! soil or habitat ( ! mal>ial g]m4 ,^! g]ms1 ! soil once ready1 take possession & multiply1 :e!r t soil be a sew] or ! blood ( a p]son :o sits calmly unconsci\s 9 a gorge\s *amb] above1 ) a small cont9uation ( ! sew] ext5d+ untrapp$ up to 8 wa%b[l4-- ,,dr4 ,,d]by4 ,keep con/ant wat* ( y\r traps & dra9s4 ,cultivate ! faculty ( detect+ sew] gas 9 ! h\se4 ,always fe> a smell2 trace x to its s\rce & provide a rem$y4 ,at ! same "t1 be> 9 m9d t x is n always ! f\l smell t is mo/ dang]\s4 ,!re is a close1 sweet odor (t5 pres5t 9 ba?rooms1 & ab\t dra9s1 t is deadly z ! ,upas tree4 ,bad air f neglect$ dra9s causes n only fev]s1 dys5t]y1 & diph!ria1 b a/hma & o!r *ronic disord]s4 ,illum9at+ gas1 escap+ f pipes & prev5t$ f exud+ by froz5 e>?1 has be5 kn[n to pass sidewise = "s di/ance into h\ses4 ,?us also ! air f cesspools & por\s or brok5 dra9s f9ds its way1 :5 an exam9ation ( ! h\sehold entrance to ! dra9 fails to reveal ! cause ( an exi/+ effluvia4 ,b1 h[ev] bad ! dra9 may be outside ! h\se1 !re is little to fe> provid$ ! gas c escape ext]nally4 ,e ma9 dra9 %\ld h a v5tilat+ pipe c>ri$ f x directly outside ! h\se to ! top ( ! highe/ *imney4 ,! soil pipe inside ! h\se %\ld be c>ri$ up ?r\gh ! ro( & be op5 at ! top4 ,digg+ = dra9s or o!r purposes %\ld n be all[$ :5 ! m]cury /&s above #fj2 b if1 z 9 repairs ( pipes1 x becomes necess>y to dig ab\t ! h\se 9 hot wea!r1 let x be done 9 ! middle ( ! day1 & replace ! turf z spe$ily z possible4 ,if ! soil be damp1 or ! di/rict mal>i\s1 spr9kle quicklime ^u ! e>? z fa/ z x is turn$4 ,h[ to ,cle> ,wa/e ,pipes4--,! sew] gas1 ab\t :i* s mu* has be5 writt51 & :i* is s ju/ly dread$1 is n1 z _m suppose1 ! exclusive product ( ! sew]4 ,inde$1 ! f\l & dang]\s gases are n only f\nd 9 ! sew]s !mselves1 b 9 ! unv5tilat$ wa/e pipes1 & ^? :i* are 9 process ( be+ clogg$ by ! f\l matt] pass+ ?r\gh !m4 ,any ob/ruction 9 ! soil or wa/e pipes is !re=e d\bly dang]\s1 because x may produce an infl[ ( f\l gas into ! pipe1 ev5 ?\gh ! entrance to ! sew] itself has be5 entirely cut (f4 ,9 pipes lead+ f ! h\se to ! cesspool1 !re is a con/ant accumulation ( grease4 ,?is ent]s z a liquid1 b h>d5s z ! wat] cools1 & is deposit$ on ! bottom & sides ( ! pipes4 ,z ^! accumulations increase1 ! wat] way is gradually contract$1 till ! pipe is clos$4 ,:5 ! pipe is entirely /opp$1 or all[s ! wat] to fall away by drops only1 proce$ ?us3 ,empty ! pipe d[n to ! trap1 z f> z practicable1 by mopp+ up ) a clo?4 ,if ! wat] fl[s v sl[ly1 beg9 :5 ! pipe has at la/ empti$ itself4 ,fill ! pipe up ) pota%1 cr[d+ x ) a /ick4 ,!n all[ hot wat] to trickle ^u ! pota%1 or p\r ! hot wat] ^u x 9 a small /ream1 /opp+ z soon z ! pipe appe>s to be fill$4 ,z ! pota% dissolves & disappe>s1 add m wat]4 ,at night a little heap ( pota% may be plac$ ov] ! hole1 & wat] en\gh p\r$ on s t a supply ( /rong lye w fl[ into ! pipe dur+ ! night4 ,pipes t h be5 /opp$ = mon?s may be clean$ out by ?is me?od1 ?\gh x may call = ?ree or f\r p\nds ( pota%4 ,! crude/ k9d1 h[ev]1 appe>s to act z well z ! be/4 ,if ! pipe is p>tially ob/ruct$1 a lump ( crude pota% %\ld be plac$ :]e wat] w drip sl[ly ^u x1 & s rea* ! pipe4 ,z wat] comes 9 contact ) ! pota%1 x becomes hot1 ?us aid+ 9 dissolv+ ! grease4 ,pota%1 9 comb9ation ) grease1 =ms a s(t or liquid soap1 :i* easily fl[s away4 ,x is also de/ructive to all animal & mo/ m9]al matt]s4 ,"s ( ! mo/ dang]\s gases come f wa%-bas9 pipes1 be+1 p]haps1 ! result ( ! decay ( ! soap & ! animal matt] wa%$ f ! sk94 ,:5 a pipe is once fairly clean$ out1 ! pota% %\ld be us$ f "t to "t1 9 ord] to dissolve ! greasy deposits z !y =m1 & c>ry !m =w>d to ! cesspool or sew]4--,artisan4 ,:at ,came f a ,neighbor's ,cesspool4--,keep wat* n only ( y\r own premises1 b /& on gu>d aga9/ ^? ( y\r neighbors4 ,dr4 ,c>p5t] cites a case :]e9 f\r memb]s ( a c]ta9 h\sehold 7 attack$ ) typhoid fev]1 "o ( :om n>r[ly escap$ ) h] life4 ,! circum/ances left no d\bt 9 ! m9d ( ! att5d+ physician t ! malady orig9at$ 9 ! op5+ ( an old cesspool belong+ to a neighbor+ h\se1 !n 9 c\rse ( demolition4 ,! h\se 9 :i* ! outbreak took place is l>ge & airy1 & /&s by itself 9 a mo/ salubri\s situation4 ,! mo/ c>eful exam9ation fail$ to disclose any defect ei!r 9 its dra9age or its wat] supply2 !re 0 no typhoid 9 ! neighborhood2 & ! milk supply 0 unexceptional4 ,b ! neighbor+ h\se be+ old1 & hav+ be5 occupi$ by a s*ool1 its removal _h be5 det]m9$ on to make way = a h\se ( high] class2 & z ! (f5sive odor emanat+ f ! uncov]$ cesspool 0 at once p]ceiv$ 9 ! next g>d51 & ! outbreak ( typhoid foll[$ at ! usual int]val1 ! case seems "o :i* admits ( no reasonable "q4 #e4 ,! ,cell>4--,a ,typical ,bad ,cell>4--,did ! read] ev]1 :5 a *ild1 see ! cell> afloat at "s old home 9 ! c\ntry8 ,y creep "p way d[n ! cell> /airs ) only ! light ( a s+le tall[ c&le1 & behold by its dim glimm] an expanse ( d>k wat]1 b\ndless z ! sea4 ,on its surface1 9 dire confusion1 float b>rels & boxes1 butt] firk9s & wa%tubs1 bo>ds1 planks1 hoops1 & /aves )\t numb]1 int]sp]s$ ) apples1 turnips1 & cabbages1 :ile half-dr[n$ rats & mice1 scrambl+ up ! /airway = de> life1 drive y affright$ back to ! kit*54444,n[ consid] ! case ( "o ( ^! old f>mh\se cell>s t has be5 9 use fifty ye>s or m4 ,9 x h be5 /or$ all ! potatoes1 turnips1 cabbages1 onions1 & o!r vegetables = family food4 ,! milk & cream1 ! pork & beef1 & cid] & v9eg>1 h all met ) v>i\s accid5ts1 & f "t to "t h _h _! juices1 9 v>i\s /ages ( decay1 absorb$ by ! soil ( ! cell> bottom4 ,! cats h slept !re to fight ! rats & ! mice1 :o h _h _! little homes beh9d ! walls = half a c5tury2 & ! s9k sp\ts h = ! same t]m p\r$ into ! soil close by1 _! fragrant fluids4 ,! wat] ru%es upw>d & sideways into ! cell>1 =m+1 ) ! savory +r$i5ts at :i* we h delicately h9t$1 a sort ( bro?1 q ?9 & wat]y at fir/1 b gr[+ ?ick] z ! wat] sl[ly subsides & leaves its gross] p>ts p]vad+ ! surface ( ! e>?1 walls1 & p>titions4 ,all ?is "t ! air ru%es 9 at ! op5+s ( ! cell>1 & presses con/antly upw>d1 (t5 lift+ ! c>pets f ! floors1 & is brea!d day & night by all :o dwell 9 ! h\se4 ,does x require le>n$ doctors or bo>ds ( heal? to in=m any rational p]son t ^! conditions are unfavorable to heal?8--,,mrs4 ,,plunkett1 ,wom51 ,plumb]s1 & ,doctors4 ,:at ,came f a ,crack 9 a ,cell> ,wall4--,a few ye>s ago a ,bo/on g5tleman inh]it$ a h\se1 situat$ on "o ( ! mo/ desirable /reets ( ! city4 ,resolv+ to make a heal?y z well z a beautiful home1 he4 sp5t a l>ge sum1 & gave p]sonal sup]vision to all ! details ( an elaborate sy/em ( plumb+4 ,he mov$ 94 ,imag9e 8 grief & disappo9tm5t :5 memb] aft] memb] ( 8 family succumb$ to diph!ria1 & an infant & a gr[n daught] di$4 ,?\gh s deeply smitt51 he did n lose 8 belief 9 ! connection betwe5 cause & effect4 ,he ord]$ a m9ute inve/igation ( ! premises by exp]ts4 ,a slight crack1 s small z to h escap$ ord9>y obs]vation1 0 f\nd 9 ! cell> wall4 ,inve/igation ( ! premises next door--! inmates ( :i* 7 also suff]+ f diph!ria--%[$ a *ok$-up dra91 :i* ought to h connect$ ) ! sew]1 b did n4 ,! fil?y ooze f ?is 0 p\r+ out1 j :]e its effluvium & its disease g]ms c\ld pass )\t any h9drance ?r\gh ! crack4 ,n[ t x is %[n t gases pass ?r\gh bricks & _m k9ds ( /one1 x is easy to see t ! sanit>y welf>e ( "o is ! sanit>y welf>e ( all4--,,mrs4 ,,plunkett4 #f4 ,! ,b$room4--,! ,b$ a ,night ,g>m5t4--,!re is /ill "o ( our g>m5ts to be consid]$1 :i* g5]ally is n reg>d$ z su*4 ,i mean ! b$--t piece ( clo?+ 9 :i* we sp5d su* a great "p ( our "t4 ,! b$ is n only a place ( re/2 x is especially our sleep+ g>m5t1 & has (t5 to make up = privations endur$ dur+ ! day & ! day's "w1 & to give u /r5g? = to-morr[4 ,l our day g>m5ts1 ! b$ cov]+ mu/ be airy & w>m at ! same "t4 ,we w>m ! b$ by our body1 j z we w>m our clo!s1 & ! b$ w>ms ! air :i* is cont9ually fl[+ ?r\gh x f bel[1 upw>d4 ,! regulat+ /rata mu/ be m p[]ful 9 _! action ?an 9 our day clo!s1 because dur+ re/ & sleep ! metamorphosis ( our tissues & ! result+ heat become less2 & because 9 a horizontal position we lose m heat by an asc5d+ curr5t ( air ?an 9 a v]tical position1 :]e ! w>m asc5d+ curr5t is 9 m complete & long] contact ) our upright body4 ,! w>m? ( ! b$ su/a9s ! circulation 9 our surface to a c]ta9 degree = ! b5efit ( our int]nal organs at a "t :5 our production ( heat is at its l[e/ ebb4 ,h5ce ! importance ( ! b$ = our heat & blood economy4 ,sev]al days )\t re/ 9 a b$ n only make u s5sible ( a defici5cy 9 ! recruit+ ( our /r5g?1 b v (t5 produce q noticeable p]turbations 9 our bodily economy1 f :i* ! b$ w\ld h protect$ u4--,,dr4 ,,max ,,von ,,pett5k(f]4 ,b$ ,v5tilation4--,x (t5 happ5s t ! desire ( ! en]getic h\sekeep] to h h] "w done at an e>ly h\r 9 ! morn+1 causes h] to leave "o ( ! mo/ important items ( neatness undone4 ,! mo/ effectual purify+ ( b$ & b$clo!s c n take place1 if ! prop] "t is n all[$1 = ! free circulation ( pure air1 to remove all human impurities :i* h collect$ dur+ ! h\rs ( slumb]4 ,at lea/ two or ?ree h\rs %\ld be all[$ = ! complete removal ( atoms ( ins5sible p]spiration :i* are absorb$ by ! b$4 ,e day ! air+ %\ld be done2 &1 occasionally1 b$d+ con/antly us$ %\ld be c>ri$ into ! op5 air1 & left expos$ to ! sun & w9d = half a day4--,home & ,heal?4 ,,circulation4 ,,! ,,pulse 7p4 #aaf74--,! pulse :i* is felt by ! f+] does n correspond precisely ) ! beat ( ! he>t1 b takes place a little aft] x1 & ! int]val is long]1 ! great] ! di/ance ( ! art]y f ! he>t4 ,! beat ( ! art]y on ! inn] side ( ! ankle1 = example1 is a little lat] ?an ! beat ( ! art]y 9 ! temple4--,,huxley4 ,! pulse is increas$ by ex]tion1 & ?us is m rapid 9 a /&+ ?an 9 a sitt+1 & 9 a sitt+ ?an 9 a ly+ po/ure4 ,x is quick5$ by meals1 & :ile v>y+ ?us f "t to "t dur+ ! day1 is on ! :ole quick] 9 ! ev5+ ?an 9 e>ly morn+4 ,x is said to be quick] 9 summ] ?an 9 w9t]4 ,ev5 indep5d5tly ( muscul> ex]tion1 x seems to be quick5$ by great altitude4 ,its rate is also pr(\ndly influ5c$ by m5tal conditions4--,,fo/]4 ,,circulation ,,( ,,! ,,blood ,,9 ,,! ,,bra9 7p4 l#bj74--,sign] ,mosso1 :o has be5 engag$ on ! subject = six ye>s1 has publi%$ "s new obs]vations on ! diff]5t conditions ( ! circulation ( ! blood 9 ! bra94 ,he has _h ! privilege ( obs]v+ ?ree pati5ts :o _h holes 9 _! skulls1 p]mitt+ ! exam9ation ( ! encephalic movem5ts & circulation4 ,no "p ( ! body exhibits a pulsation s v>i$ 9 its =m z ! bra94 ,! pulsation may be describ$ z tricuspid2 t is1 x consi/s ( a /rong beat1 prec$$ & foll[$ by less] beats4 ,x ga!rs /r5g? :5 ! bra9 is at "w1 correspond+ ) ! m rapid fl[ ( blood to ! organ4 ,! increase 9 ! volume ( ! bra9 does n dep5d ^u any *ange 9 ! respiratory rhy?m2 =1 if we take ! pulse ( ! =e>m simultane\sly ) t ( ! bra91 we c n p]ceive t ! c]ebral labor ex]cises any influ5ce ^u ! =e>m1 al?\gh ! pulsation 9 ! bra9 may be consid]ably modifi$4 ,! emotions h a simil> effect ^u ! circulation ( ! bra9 to t ( c]ebral labor4 ,signor ,mosso has also obs]v$ & regi/]$ graphically ! v>iations ( ! c]ebral pulse dur+ sleep4 ,g5]ally ! pulses ( ! wri/ & ! bra9 v>y oppositely4 ,at ! mom5t ( wak+1 ! pulse ( ! wri/ dim9i%es1 :ile t ( ! bra9 increases4 ,! c]ebral pulsations dim9i% z sleep gr[s deep]1 & at la/ become v weak4 ,outw>d excitations det]m9e ! same modifications dur+ sleep z 9 ! wak+ /ate1 )\t wak+ ! sleep]4 ,a deep inspiration always produces a dim9ution 9 ! volume ( ! bra91 9 consequ5ce1 probably1 ( ! increas$ fl[ ( blood into ! ve9s ( ! ?oracic cavity2 ! increase ( volume 9 ! bra91 :5 x takes place1 is1 on ! contr>y1 due to a m abundant fl[ ( art]ial blood to ! encephalus4--,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,m>*1 #ahhb4 ,,cat>rhal ,,colds 7p4 l#cj74--;,i ma9ta9 t x c be prov$1 ) z absolute c]ta9ty z any physiological fact admits ( be+ prov$1 t w>m1 vitiat$ indoor air is ! cause1 & cold outdoor air ! be/ cure1 ( cat>rh4444,fre% cold air is a tonic t invigorates ! respiratory organs :5 all o!r /imulants fail1 &1 comb9$ ) arm ex]cise & c]ta9 dietetic alt]natives1 x is ! be/ rem$y = all disord]s ( ! lungs & upp] air passages4444,a comb9ation ( ! ?ree specifics1--ex]cise1 ab/95ce1 & fre% air1--w cure ! mo/ ob/9ate cold4444,fro/ is su* a p[]ful dis9fectant1 t 9 v cold nights ! lung-poison+ atmosph]e ( few h\ses c resi/ its purify+ influ5ce2 9 spite ( padd$ doors1 9 spite ( wea!r/rips & d\ble w9d[s1 x r$uces ! indoor temp]ature en\gh to p>alyze ! float+ disease g]ms4 ,! p5etrative =ce ( a pol> night fro/ ex]cises t function ) su* resi/less vigor t x defies ! prev5tive measures ( human skill2 & all ,arctic travel]s agree t among ! natives ( ,icel&1 ,gre5l&1 & ,labrador pulmon>y diseases are actually unkn[n4 ,protract$ cold wea!r ?us prev5ts epidemic cat>rhs1 b dur+ ! fir/ ?aw ,nature succumbs to art3 smold]+ /ove fires add _! fumes to ! effluvia ( ! dormitory1 tight- fitt+ doors & w9d[s exclude ! means ( salvation2 sup]/ition triumphs2 ! lung poison op]ates1 & ! next morn+ a snuffl+1 c\gh+1 & r$-nos$ family discuss ! cause ( _! affliction4444,x is a mi/ake to suppose t colds c be propagat$ only by direct transmission or ! brea?+ ( rec5tly ,vitiat$ air4 ,cat>rh g]ms1 float+ 9 ! atmosph]e ( an ill-v5tilat$ b$room1 may pres]ve _! vitality = weeks aft] ! h\se has be5 ab&on$2 & ! next r5t] ( su* a place %\ld n move 9 till wide-op5 w9d[s & doors & a ?or\gh draught ( sev]al days h remov$ e trace ( a mu/y smell4--,,dr4 ,,felix ,l4 ,,oswald1 ,rem$ies ( ,nature1 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,m>*1 #ahhd4 ,,cat*+ ,,cold4--,! phrase to cat* cold1 s (t5 9 ! m\?s ( physicians & pati5ts1 is a curi\s solecism4 ,x implies t ! t]m cold d5otes some?+ positive--a sort ( demon :i* does n cat*1 b is caught by ! un=tunate victims4444,if mo/ p]sons outside ( ! m$ical pr(ession 7 to be ask$ :at !y consid] z *iefly to be avoid$ 9 ! managem5t ( sick p1 ! answ] w\ld probably be cat*+ cold4 ,i suspect t ?is "q w\ld be answ]$ 9 ! same way by n a few physicians4 ,h5ce x is t sick rooms are poorly v5tilat$1 & pati5ts are oppress$ by a sup]abundance ( g>m5ts & b$clo!s4 ,! air :i* pati5ts are made to brea!1 hav+ be5 already brea!d & rebrea!d1 is load$ ) pulmon>y exhalations4 ,cutane\s emanations are all[$ to rema9 9 contact ) ! body1 z well z to p]vade ! atmosph]e4 ,pati5ts n conf9$ to ! b$1 especially ^? affect$ ) pulmon>y disease1 are ov]load$ ) clo?+1 :i* becomes saturat$ ) p]spiration1 & is seldom *ang$1 = fe> ( ! dread$ cold4444 ,a re=m is greatly ne$$ 9 respect to cat*+ cold4 ,few diseases are ref]able to ! ag5cy ( cold1 & ev5 ! affection commonly call$ a cold is g5]ally caus$ by o!r ag5cies1 or1 p]haps1 by a special ag5t1 :i* may prove to be a microbe4 ,let ! axiom1 ,a fev] pati5t nev] cat*es cold1 be reit]at$ until x becomes a h\sehold phrase4 ,let ! re/orative influ5ce ( cool1 fre%1 pure atmosph]e be inculcat$4 ,let x be und]/ood t 9 !rapeutics1 z 9 hygi5e1 ! s+le ^w com=t embodies ! pr9ciples :i* %\ld regulate cov]+s & clo?+4--,,au/9 ,,fl9t1 ,m4,d41 9 a ,lecture pr9t$ 9 ,! ,new ,york ,m$ical ,j\rnal4 ,,dige/ion ,,& ,,food4 ,,! ,,wat] ,,we ,,dr9k 7p4 l#ee74--,qualities ( ,pure ,wat]4--,a good dr9k+ wat]1 says ,dr4 ,simpson 79 ,! ,wat] ,we ,dr9k71 %\ld possess ! foll[+ physical *>act]s3 x %\ld be entirely free f color1 ta/e1 or odor2 x %\ld1 moreov]1 be cool1 well a]at$1 s(t1 bright1 & entirely free f all deposit4 ,b x %\ld be rememb]$ t a wat] hav+ all ^! *>act]i/ics may yet be m or less pollut$ by organic matt]1 ow+ to ! proximity ( dra9s & sew]s4444,disease has frequ5tly be5 trac$ to ! use ( p]fectly bright & cle> wat]1 :]e !re 0 no s$im5t1 & :]e ! animal organic matt] 0 held 9 a /ate ( solution4 ,9 ! case ( diseases1 su* z typhoid1 :i* attack ! /oma*1 disease g]ms are remov$ along ) ! excreta2 & if1 z is (t5 ! case1 ! dra9age ( an infect$ t[n fl[s into a riv]1 & t riv] is us$ 9 "s aft] portion ( its c\rse z a wat] supply1 !re is great dang] ( su* diseases be+ communicat$4 ,=1 h[ev] well ! wat] may be purifi$ & filt]$1 we h no gu>antee t x w n conta9 "s ( ^! disease g]ms1 :i* are s small t !y pass ?r\gh ! f9e/ filt]s4 ,x is 9 ?is way t almo/ all ! great *ol]a & typhoid epidemics h spread4--,*amb]s's ,j\rnal4 ,well ,wat] ,(t5 ,dang]\s4--,a d5sely cr[d$ population soon impregnates ! soil to "s dep? ) fil?1 :i* dra9s into ! wat] c\rse bel[1 especially if su* wat] is ne> ! surface4 ,?is surface wat] easily p5etrates a loosely wall$ well4 ,e well1 !re=e1 %\ld n only be widely sep>at$ f b>ny>ds1 cesspools1 p5s1 s9ks1 & simil> places1 b %\ld be made wat]-tight ) cem5t1 s t no?+ c rea* its int]ior except wat] t has be5 filt]$ ?r\gh d5se b$s ( unpollut$ gr\nd bel[4 ,if ^! precautions are neglect$1 ! be/ & deepe/ well may become cont9ually contam9at$ by infiltration f ! surr\nd+ surface4 ,?is impure wat]1 ev5 :5 n us$ = family dr9k+1 is sometimes suppli$ to c[s1 or us$ = wa%+ dairy pans1 or employ$ 9 dilut+ milk = ! m>ket1 & !re are _m kn[n cases 9 :i* disease has ?us be5 dissem9at$4 ,?us1 an epidemic ( typhoid fev] 9 ,cambridge1 ,mass41 0 def9itely trac$ to a dairy :i* suppli$ ! victims ) milk4 ,^u inve/igation x 0 f\nd t a %ort "t be=e !re _h be5 a typhoid pati5t 9 ! f>mh\se1 & t ! well f :i* wat] 0 tak5 to wa% ! milk pans _h become contam9at$ ) ! specific poison br\ght into x f ! surr\nd+ dra9age4 ,all suspect$ wat] %\ld be ?or\ghly boil$ be=e us+ x to dr9k4 ,"s physicians insi/ t ! boil+ %\ld cont9ue = "o or two h\rs 9 ord] entirely to de/roy ! bact]ial g]ms4 ,! heav9ess & insipidity incid5t to boil$ wat] may be some:at reliev$ by aft]w>d filt]+ x4 ,filt]+1 ( itself1 h[ev]1 w d little t[>d ridd+ ! wat] ( microbes1 :i* are mu* too m9ute to be arre/$ by ! ord9>y app>atus4--,:5 j\rney+1 :]e "o mu/ (t5 take a ha/y meal at a railway /ation1 dr9k hot wat] 9 pref]5ce to cold4 ,a conv5i5t portable filt] may be arrang$ ) a bottle ( p[d]$ *>coal1 & a piece ( filt]+ pap]4 ,a travel] by briskly /irr+ a tablespoonful ( ! *>coal into a p9t ( wat]1 all[+ x to /& five or t5 m9utes1 & !n filt]+ x ?r\gh ! pap]1 may v5ture to relieve 8 ?ir/ 9 almo/ any "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,wat] an ,absorb5t ( ,f\l ,gases4--,if a pit*] ( wat] be left uncov]$ 9 an occupi$ ap>tm5t = only a few h\rs1 x w become f\l f ! absorption ( ! respir$ & p]spir$ gases 9 ! room4 ,! cold] ! wat]1 ! great] ! capacity to conta9 ^! gases4 ,wat] kept 9 a room ov] night is !re=e unfit = dr9k+1 & %\ld n be us$ ev5 to bru% ! tee? or to g>gle 9 ! ?roat4 ,impure ,ice1 a ,bre$] ( ,disease4--,we g5]ally take ! purity ( our ice = grant$1 &1 l ! alligator 9 ! bay\1 close our m\?s & swall[ x4 ,9 ! c\ntry1 ,i h se5 dur+ ! ice- h>ve/+ season1 wagon aft] wagon pass+ me on ! road1 lad5 ) ice t _h be5 collect$ f canals1 riv]s1 & /reams receiv+ sew]age1 & f ponds t are 9 ! summ] "t reek+ ) slime1 & (t5 (f5sive f ! quantity ( decompos$ vegetable & animal matt] br\ght 9 by ! wa%+ f ! mead[4 ,^! /reams w\ld be %unn$ z a s\rce ( wat] supply4 ,%\ld y int]view a native reg>d+ ! slimy mud puddle be=e y1 call$ ,mr4 ,s-&-s's private ice pond1 he w\ld say t 9 w9t] x is mu* bett]1 & :5 froz51 y "k1 x makes f9e ice1 pres5t+ t popul> ?\gh ignorant belief t :ile 9 ! act ( cry/alliz+1 wat] rids itself ( all its injuri\s qualities1 h[ev] (f5sive x may be 9 its liquid /ate4 ,un=tunately1 !re is en\gh tru? 9 ! curr5t idea ( ! elim9ation ( noxi\s & =eign matt] dur+ ! process ( freez+ to give color to ! popul> belief1 b n en\gh to make x a safe reliance2 !re=e all means %\ld be us$ to enlight5 ! public reg>d+ ?is subject4 ,exp]im5t has %[n t freez+ produces little *ange or effect 9 ov]com+ ! poison\s influ5ces1 & ice has (t5 s]v$ z a vehicle to convey ! g]ms ( typhoid & o!r l[ =ms ( fev]4 ,pure ice c be procur$ only f wat] free f impurities1 & ice = dome/ic or surgical purposes %\ld nev] be collect$ f ponds or /reams :i* conta9 animal or vegetable refuse1 or /agnant & muddy mat]ial4--,j\rnal ( ,recon/ructives1 ,oct41 #ahhg4 ,,! ,,gl&ul> ,,coat ,,( ,,! ,,/oma*1 ,,& ,,h[ ,,x ,,weeps 7p4 l#fb74--,:ile ! food is ?us be+ cont9ually mov$ ab\t1 x is at ! same "t subject$ to ! action ( ! *emical sac4 ,?is is1 z we h said1 a gl&ul> sac4 ,x is ( "s ?ickness1 & is made ( little gl&s b\nd up toge!r ) t /r+y fibr\s pack+ mat]ial :i* anatomi/s call connective tissue4 ,if we 7 to imag9e _m gross ( small ,india-rubb] vials all plac$ side by side1 & b\nd toge!r ) hay or /raw into a great mat1 & ! mat roll$ up into a sac1 ) all ! m\?s ( ! vials turn$ inw>d1 we %\ld h a l>ge & co>se1 b tol]ably fair image ( ! gl&ul> coat ( ! /oma*4 ,ea* vial w\ld !n repres5t "o ( ! gl&s ( ?is coat1 "o ( ! ga/ric or peptic gl&s1 z !y are call$4 ,ea* gl&1 h[ev]1 is n always a simple tube1 b is (t5 bran*$ at ! bottom end1 & all ( !m are l9$1 except j at _! m\?s1 ) l>ge r\nd$ bodies1 :i* n unfrequ5tly almo/ *oke up _! cavity4 ,,fig4 #gb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bran*$ ,,ga/ric ,,gl& a4 ,! peptic cells4 b4 ,! in]t cells4 ,! r\nd$ masses1 or cells1 z !y are call$1 9 ! int]ior ( ea* gl&1 =m ! really active "p ( ! app>atus4 ,ea* cell is a little laboratory1 :i* concocts out ( ! mat]ial br\ght to x or ne> x by ! blood a c]ta9 pot5t1 bit+ fluid1 & is h5ce call$ a peptic or dige/ive cell4 ,ea* cell is born at ! bottom ( ! tube1 & 9 process ( "t travels upw>d t[>d ! m\?4 ,:5 x rea*es ! m\?1 x bur/s1 & p\rs into ! /oma* ! fluid x has elaborat$1 or p]haps may give x out )\t bur/+1 :ile x is /ill )9 its tube4 ,9 ^? cases 9 :i* x has be5 possible to look 9 ^u ! /oma* :ile at "w 7z 9 ! fam\s case ( ,alexis ,/4 ,m>t971 & :]e ! orifices ( ! t9y gl&s 7= ?\gh we h comp>$ !m to bottles1 !y are exce$+ly small7 appe> l little dots1 te>s 7 se5 to />t at ! m\?s ( ! gl&s1 ga!r into drops1 & f9ally trickle d[n into ! l[e/ "p ( ! /oma*4 ,! /oma*1 z x 71 weeps1 & inde$ ! weep+ ( te>s is j su* ano!r effect ( gl&ul> activity--only ord9>y te>s =m a mild &1 *emically speak+1 impot5t fluid2 :ile ! fluid :i* ! te>s ( ! /oma* weep--! ga/ric juice--is a %>p1 pi]c+ wat] ( excessive *emical p[]4--,h9ton4 ,,poison\s ,,milk1 ,,*eese1 ,,& ,,ice ,,cream 7p4 l#fi74--;,9 late ye>s !re h be5 _m cases ( poison+ by ice cream1 *eese1 & milk4 ,! poison\s pr9ciple sometimes develop$ 9 ^! articles ( food has be5 made a subject ( special inve/igation1 & x has be5 f\nd to be due to natural causes4 ,dr4 ,vaughan1 ( ,mi*igan1 aft] sp5d+ sev]al mon?s 9 exp]im5t+ ^u samples ( twelve diff]5t *eeses1 :i* _h caus$ ?ree hundr$ cases ( poison+1 f9ally succe$$ 9 isolat+ c]ta9 poison cry/als1 :i* he calls ,tyrotoxicon4 ,he says3 ,a few drops ( an aque\s solution ( ^! cry/als plac$ ^u ! tongue produces all ! symptoms obs]v$ 9 ^? :o _h be5 made sick by eat+ ( ! *eese4 ,?is 0 tri$ repeat$ly ^u myself1 & ^u "s ( my /ud5ts :o k9dly (f]$ !mselves = exp]im5tation4 ,dr4 ,vaughan aft]w>d procur$ ! poison cry/als f milk :i* _h /ood "s mon?s 9 a clos$ bottle1 & also f a sample ( ice cream by :i* eighte5 p]sons _h be5 made ill4 ,x 0 le>n$ 9 ! latt] case t ! cu/>d1 ( :i* ! ice cream 0 made1 _h be5 all[$ to /& 9 a f\l atmosph]e = two h\rs be=e x 0 froz54 ,by plac+ small bits ( ?is poison\s cream 9 good milk1 & all[+ x to /& tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ! :ole became vitiat$4 ,?is prov$ t ! poison is due to ! gr[? ( "s f]m5t4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahhf1 _m p]sons 9 diff]5t hotels at ,long ,bran* 7 poison$ by milk obta9$ f a c]ta9 milkman4 ,9 ?is case x 0 f\nd t ! c[s 7 milk$ at noon1 ! w>m milk be+ imm$iately plac$ 9 cans & c>t$ eight miles dur+ ! w>me/ "p ( ! day1 9 a v hot mon?4 ,9 ,june1 #ahhg1 n9ete5 p]sons 9 ,new ,york city 7 simil>ly poison$ by milk :i* also came f "o dairy4 ,_m ( ^! p]sons _h n>r[ escapes f dea?4 ,^!1 & _m o!r l in/ances1 tea* u ! importance ( ! greate/ c>e 9 e detail ( milk h&l+4 ,a little dri$ milk =m$ along ! seam ( a t9 pail1 or any simil> lodg+ place1 may be ! />t+ po9t ( poison g5]ation4 ,a mon? aft] 8 fir/ exp]im5ts ) ! ice cream m5tion$ above1 ,dr4 ,vaughan put small pieces ( ! dri$ cu/>d 9 pans ( milk1 & aft]w>d made cu/>d f ?is milk4 ,?is yield$ tyrotoxicon z be=e1 %[+ ! t5aci\s vitality ( ! poison1 & also expla9+ ! fact t ! precise cause ( poison+ is 9 _m cases s difficult to trace4 ,,fi% ,,z ,,food 7p4 #afi74--;,x is n desirable t fi% %\ld be ! sole k9d ( nitrog5\s food eat5 by any nation2 & ev5 if milk & eggs be add$ !reto1 ! vigor ( su* a p w n be equal to t ( fle%-eat+ nations4 ,at ! same "t1 ! value ( fi% z a "p ( a diet>y is indicat$ by ! l>g] proportion ( phosphorus :i* x conta9s1 & :i* r5d]s x especially fitt$ = ! use ( ^? :o p]=m mu* bra9 "w1 or :o are ! victims ( mu* anxiety & di/ress4--,,edw>d ,,smi?1 9 ,foods4 ,= ! m5tally exhau/$1 ! worri$1 ! n]v\s1 & ! di/ress$ 9 m9d1 fi% is n simply a food2 x acts z physic4 ,! bra9 is n\ri%$ by x1 ! n]ves--to use ! t]m 9 its popul> s5se--are quiet$2 ! m9d gr[s /rong]1 ! temp] less irritable1 & ! :ole be+ heal?i] & happi] :5 fi% is sub/itut$ = but*]'s meat4444,i f9d p]sons :o are greatly excit$1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( seek+ to d viol5ce to !mselves or to ^? ar\nd !m1 :o c n sleep1 & :o are 9 an agony ( irritability1 become compos$ & cont5t$ :5 f$ almo/ exclusively on fi%4 ,9 su* cases ,i h )drawn butt]1 milk1 eggs1 & all ! v>ieties ( w>m-blood$ animal food2 &1 c>efully not+ ! weight & /r5g?1 ,i f9d no dim9ution ( ei!r1 :ile fi% is suppli$ 9 su* quantities z fully to satisfy ! appetite4--,j4 ,,mortim] ,,granville1 ,m4,d41 ,fi% z ,food & ,physic4 ,,c(fee ,,& ,,tea 7p4 #agj74--;,besides ! alkaloid ,caffe9e :i* c(fee conta9s1 x also develops1 9 roa/+1 a volatile oil call$ ,caffeone1 to :i* is due its *>act]i/ic aroma4 ,! ma9 effects ( c(fee are due to bo? ! caffe9e & ! caffeone1 :i* are antagoni/ic1 ?\gh n contemporane\s1 9 action4 ,! volatile oil r$uces art]ial t5sion1 all[s a brisk] fl[ ( blood1 & s increases ! rapidity ( ! he>t's action4 ,x also acts ^u ! bra91 & intellectual faculties 9 g5]al2 keeps "o awake1 & 8 m9d cle>4 ,caffe9e1 on ! o!r h&1 l digitalis1 produces a high art]ial t5sion1 & sl[s ! he>t beat4 ,x ex]ts its *ief effect ^u ! sp9al cord1 to :i*1 l /ry*nia1 x is an excitant4 ,! %ak+ h& ( ! invet]ate c(fee dr9k] is caus$ by caffe9e4 ,?us a cup ( c(fee produces on ! dr9k] a d\ble effect1--( ! oil & ! alkaloid2 ! =m] soon] & transi5t1 ! latt] lat] & la/+4444,c(fee is n 9 itself nutriti\s to any m>k$ degree2 b x saves food1 & also ma9ta9s life1 by its exhil>at+ effect ^u ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,x is an excell5t antidote to opium1 produc+ ! wakefulness t antagonizes ! n>cotic sleep ( ! drug2 is n[ & !n curative ( sick heada*e1 & is "o ( ! /&>d rem$ies = c]ta9 =ms ( nausea4 ,to ! *emi/1 ,tea is mu* ! same ?+ z c(fee4 ,x conta9s consid]ably m tann91 a volatile oil1 & an alkaloid 7!9e7 indi/+ui%able f caffe9e4 ,t ! injuri\s effects ( ov]doses are due z mu* to ! volatile oil z to ! alkaloid1 is %[n by ! fact t tea pack]s are made ill by long brea?+ ( air fill$ ) x1 & t tea ta/]s 9 ,*9a1 :o avoid swall[+ ! infusion1 c endure _! trade b a few ye>s1 & leave ! c\ntry ) %att]$ n]ves4 ,probably e "o numb]s among 8 fri5ds wom5 :o are actual slaves ( ! tea habit1 & :o w\ld f9d tea z h>d to =sake z m5 f9d tobacco4 ,x is n unlikely t ! functional c>diac disord]1 (t5 spok5 ( z ! tobacco he>t1 due to n]v\s d]angem5t1 & accompani$ by palpitation & pa9 9 ! c>diac region1 is m (t5 due to tea ?an tobacco4 ,9 fact1 ! disord]s induc$ by excessive tea dr9k+ h be5 grasp$ z a special disease1 to :i* has be5 giv5 ! "n ( ,!ism4 ,?is includes a tra9 ( symptoms1 usually progressive1 loss ( appetite1 pa9 aft] meals1 heada*e1 con/ipation1 palpitation1 c>diac di/ress1 hy/]ical manife/ations1 dizz9ess1 & p>esis4--,,dr4 ,,maurice ,d4 ,,cl>ke1 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,news4 ,tea dr9k]s1 z a rule1 express d\bts z reg>ds ! correctness ( alleg$ poison\s prop]ties ( tea4 ,num]\s in/ances ( individuals ( ?is class h be5 notic$ :o 7 !mselves suff]+ f tea poison+4 ,_! n]ves 7 9 a deplorably abnormal condition1 ! he>t & bra9 7 functionally di/urb$1 & ! sleep less 9 quantity & less refre%+ ?an x %\ld be4444,"o's op9ion ( ! physical di/urbances :i* may be caus$ by rum1 tobacco1 or tea1 are n wor? mu*1 :5 ! op9ion comes f a victim ( ! excessive use ( ^! ag5ts4 ,! tann9 f\nd 9 tea does n diff] f t f\nd 9 oak & o!r b>ks :i* ! tann]s use to conv]t ! raw hides ( animals into lea!r4 ,x is a p[]ful a/r+5t1 :i* acc\nts = "s ( ! peculi> physical evils to :i* confirm$ tea dr9k]s are subject4 ,!9e does n diff] ess5tially f ,coca9e 7see p4 #bbc74 ,!y bo? produce exaltation ( ! n]v\s sy/em & increas$ p[]s ( physical endurance4 ,! bra9 is l>gely influ5c$ 9 its functions1 & long p]iods ( wakefulness are induc$4 ,cont9u$ use ( /rong infusions ( ei!r coca or tea result 9 great di/urbance ( n]v\s c5t]s & functional (fices1 & ei!r w produce fatal results by p]si/5t use ( inord9ate quantities4 ,a cup ( tea z s]v$ at tea tables conta9s usually only a trace ( ! alkaloidal pr9ciple1 b inf9itesimal quantities are capable ( ex]t+ baneful effects ^u "s tea dr9k]s4444,poisons act 9 a v>iety ( ways1 "s sl[ly1 & )\t produc+ pa92 o!rs act viol5tly1 & ) spe$y1 fatal results4 ,inasmu* z we d n obs]ve a v l>ge numb] ( cle>ly prov$ cases ( acute poison+ by tea1 we mu/ conclude t x is *>act]i/ically a sl[ poison1 & also t its influ5ce is unlike 9 diff]5t individuals4444,f\r or six cups ( tea1 h[ev]1 tak5 dur+ ea* tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 w 9 "t produce tea poison+1 & great] or less evil effects4 ,tea is well en\gh1 :5 its use is kept "u absolute1 intellig5t control2 b if x becomes ma/] 9 any case1 !n x mu/ be promptly ab&on$1 = dang] att5ds ! intemp]ate tea dr9k] e h\r ( 8 life4 ,^? advanc$ 9 life crave its /imulat+ effects1 & x is well = !m to use x 9 mod]ation2 b ! "y %\ld ab/a9 f x entirely4--,abridg$ f ,tea ,poison+1 by ,,dr4 ,,ni*ols1 9 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,news1 ,decemb]1 #ahhg4 ,,causes ,,& ,,effects ,,( ,,indige/ion 7p4 l#gb74--,:5 a light breakfa/ is eat51 a solid meal is requisite 9 ! middle ( ! day4 ,if ! dige/ive organs are left too long unemploy$1 !y secrete an excess ( mucus1 :i* greatly int]f]es ) _! normal functions4 ,"o meal has a direct influ5ce on ! next2 & a poor breakfa/ leaves ! /oma* ov]-active = d9n]4 ,?is is ! secret ( mu* excess 9 eat+4 ,! po9t to be> 9 m9d is t n to eat a suffici5cy at "o meal makes y too hungry = ! next2 & t :5 y are too hungry1 y are apt to ov]load ! /oma*1 & to give ! ga/ric juices m to d ?an !y h ! p[] to p]=m4 ,to eat too (t51 & to eat irregul>ly1 are o!r s\rces ( indige/ion4 ,p :o d9e at unc]ta9 h\rs1 & eat "o meal too quickly on ! la/1 mu/ expect ! /oma* to retaliate 9 ! long run4 ,a v fruitful cause ( dyspepsia is imp]fect ma/ication4 ,we rememb] "o old g5tleman :o us$ always to w>n "y p on ?is po9t by say+3 ,rememb] y h no tee? 9 y\r /oma*4 ,n]v\s p ne>ly always eat fa/1 & z ne>ly always are ! victims ( n]v\s irritability1 produc$ by dyspepsia4444,to sit mu* 9 a /oop+ po/ure int]f]es ) ! /oma*'s action4 ,well-m>k$ dyspepsia has be5 trac$ to sitt+ imm$iately aft] d9n] 9 a l[ arm*air1 s t ! body 0 curv$ =w>d1 & ! /oma* compress$4444 ,! sk91 core1 & k]nels ( fruit %\ld be avoid$4 ,"s p are n able to dige/ raw apples2 & dyspepsia has be5 sometimes greatly aggravat$ by eat+ pe>s4 ,! latt] fruit1 9 its ripe/ /ate1 conta9s an abundance ( gritty mat]ial1 :i*1 z x c n be sep>at$ 9 ! m\?1 on be+ swall[$ irritates ! muc\s membrane4444 ,( food itself1 be> 9 m9d t hot meat is m dige/ible ?an cold2 ! fle% ( full-gr[n animals ?an t ( "y ones2 t l& birds are m dige/ible ?an wat]f[l2 wild animals ?an dome/ic ones2 & t 9 game1 newly kill$ birds are easi] ( dige/ion ?an ^? :i* h be5 kept a long "t4--,h9ts to ,dyspeptics1 ,*amb]s's ,j\rnal4 ,,h[ ,,food ,,develops ,,en]gy 7p4 #agc74--;,x may appe> /range t ! small am\nt ( food we eat %\ld suffice to c>ry our l>ge & bulky bodies ?r\gh all ! v>i$ movem5t ( ! day4 ,b ?is difficulty disappe>s at once1 :5 we recollect h[ l>ge an am\nt ( dormant en]gy c be laid by 9 a v small piece ( matt]4 ,a lump ( coal no bigg] ?an "o's fi/1 if judici\sly employ$1 w suffice to keep a small toy eng9e at "w = a consid]able "t4 ,n[1 our food is matt] conta9+ l>ge am\nts ( dormant en]gy1 & our bodies are eng9es s con/ruct$ z to utilize all ! en]gy to ! be/ advantage4 ,a s+le gramme ( beef fat if completely burn$ 7t is1 if e atom unites ) oxyg571 is capable ( develop+ m ?an #i1jjj heat units2 & ea* heat unit1 if employ$ to p]=m me*anical "w1 is capable ( lift+ a weight ( "o gramme to a height ( #dbd met]s2 or1 :at comes to ! same ?+1 #dbd grammes to a height ( "o met]4 ,accord+ly1 ! en]gy conta9$ 9 "o gramme ( beef1 & ! oxyg5 ) :i* x unites1 w\ld be suffici5t to raise ! little bit ( fat itself to a height ( #c1haf kilomet]s1 or almo/ z high z ! di/ance f ,london to ,new ,york4-- ,,grant ,,all5 9 ,:y d we ,eat our ,d9n]8 ,dang] ( ,too ,high ,pressure4--,a prud5t fire eng9e]1 :5 8 wat] hose is old & weak1 w\ld n try to =ce z mu* wat] z he c\ld into x4 ,no2 to prev5t a rupture he w\ld "w x at a l[ pressure4 ,b m5 seldom ?9k ( c>ry+ out ! same simple me*anical pr9ciple :5 !re is reason to believe t ! vessels ( ! bra9 are gett+ weak & brittle4 ,!y eat & dr9k j z mu* z !y feel incl9$ to1 & sometimes a little m4 ,) a good dige/ion1 ne>ly all !y consume is conv]t$ into blood1 to ! yet fur!r di/5tion ( vessels already ov]-di/5d$4 ,?is high-pressure /yle ( liv+ produces high-pressure results4 ,its effects 7 pa9fully illu/rat$ by ! dea? ( ,*>les ,dick5s4 ,! bra9 "w he p]=m$ 0 imm5se2 he liv$ g5]\sly1 tak+ 8 w9e z he did 8 meat1 ) a lib]al h&4 ,he disreg>d$ ! signs ( /ructural decay1 =c+ 8 reluctant bra9 to d :at x _h once done ) spontane\s ease1 until all at once1 "u a great] t5sion ?an ord9>y1 a weak vessel gave way1 flood+ ! bra9 ) blood4--,j4 ,r4 ,,black1 ,m4,d41 9 ,apoplexy1 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,april1 #ahge4 ,evils ( ,gluttony4--,is x n /range1 says ,dr4 ,hunt1 h[ p1 ev5 ! mo/ consid]ate1 w trifle ) _! /oma*s8 ,_m a p]son seems to pref] tak+ m$ic9e to avoid+ x by a prop] regulation ( ! appetite4 ,y may /uff ! /oma* to ! full1 ye> aft] ye>1 b z sure z effects foll[ causes1 s sure w y reap ! accumulat+ p5alty4 ,a physician ( ext5sive practice decl>es t he has nev] liv$ ?r\gh a ,*ri/mas or ,?anksgiv+ )\t frequ5tly be+ consult$ = ailm5ts produc$ by excessive eat+4 ,he says3 ,x w\ld seem z if multitudes ?\ght !y _h a glutton\s lic5se once a ye>1 & t ! mo/ appropriate me?od ( express+ gratitude1 0 by /uff+ ! /oma*4 ,excessive eat+ produces scr(ula4 ,surfeit+ among *ildr5 results 9 m5tal /upidity & unmanageable temp]4444,i am acqua9t$ ) a family1 9 :i* ab\t ! av]age am\nt ( /uff+ is indulg$4 ,to my expo/ulations1 ! "m has repli$3 ,i may n be able to give my *ildr5 z mu* education z "s folks1 & ,i may n be able to give !m any prop]ty1 b z long z we c get x1 !y %all h :at !y want to eat4 ,i h spok5 ( _! black tee?1 bad brea?1 eruptions1 & frequ5t sickness4 ,yes1 %e has repli$1 ,i "k all t1 b w\ld y h me /op !m be=e _! appetites are half satisfi$1 & tell !m1 '!re1 t is all y c h'8 ,no2 z long z ,i c get x1 my *ildr5 %all h en\gh to eat2 x nev] %all be said t ,i h />v$ !m4 ,?is indulg5ce ( *ildr5 to ! full ext5t ( _! undiscrim9at+ appetites is extreme folly & g5u9e unk9dness4 ,pamp]$ ) a v>iety ( di%es1 !y eat enorm\sly1 :i* eng5d]s a crav+ = ano!r l>ge meal1 & s on--_! y\?ful & ela/ic con/itutions enabl+ !m to be> ! excess )\t imm$iate s]i\s injury4 ,let !m be conf9$ to "o or two pla9 di%es at a meal1 & ! quantity be det]m9$ = !m2 x w !n be f\nd t a gr[+ *ild does n ne$ to be /uff$1 & t 8 appetite w soon become reasonable2 & if ! food be pla91 & mo/ly or entirely vegetable1 x w soon be obs]v$ t ! *ild's tee? are :it]1 its brea? sweet]1 its sk9 cle>]1 its tongue clean]1 its eyes bright]1 its sleep quiet]1 its bra9s %>p]1 & its temp] m amiable4 ,!re are few *anges 9 ! managem5t ( *ildr5 :i* w\ld prove s b5eficial z t f ! pres5t mode ( cramm+ ) a multitude ( ri* foods1 to a pla9 vegetable diet1 eat5 9 regul> & mod]ate quantities4--,,dio ,,lewis1 9 ,weak ,lungs1 & ,h[ to ,make !m ,/rong4 ,,regul> ,,physical ,,habits 7p4 #agg74--;,con/ipation lies at ! root ( a ho/ ( *ronic ailm5ts1 :i* seem especially to beset ,am]ican wom54 ,impair$ blood1 n]v\s excitability1 sick heada*es1 m5tal depression1 sleeplessness1 & a long tra9 ( untold suff]+s may be directly trac$ to ?is physical s94 ,we say s91 = 9 ! l>ge majority ( in/ances ?is habit may be prev5t$2 or1 if already =m$1 may1 by prop] att5tion1 be cur$4 ,! pr9cipal causes :i* lead to ?is deplorable /ate ( ! sy/em are3 #a4 ,errors 9 ,food4 #b4 ,errors 9 ,ex]cise4 #c4 ,inatt5tion to ,nature's laws4 ,errors 9 ,food h mu* to d ) ! evil 9 "q4 ,our diet is1 9 g5]al1 too conc5trat$4 ,we indulge ourselves ) animal food two or ?ree times a day1 accompany+ x ) spices1 condim5ts1 greasy gravies1 f9e :eat bread1 & a sp>se am\nt ( vegetables4 ,we w9d up our d9n]s ) ri* & heavy pa/ry1 & our lun*eons or our supp]s ) sug>$ sweetmeats & t indige/ible comp\nd (t5 (f]$ "u ! "n ( cake4 ,a few cups ( /rong tea int5sify ! error4 ,c(fee has a less a/r+5t effect1 & !re=e c n be s sev]ely arraign$ = ?is p>ticul> consequ5ce4 ,:5 we ?9k :at delici\s meals c be enjoy$ f any ( ! c]eals1 well cook$1 & tak5 ) milk or cream1 bread f unbolt$ fl\r1 pl5ty ( unsug>$ fruit1 & pure ra9 or spr+ wat]1 filt]$ & cool$ or tak5 hot1 ) or )\t milk1 we wond] t s _m p cons5t day aft] day to use greasy pork1 fri$ /eaks1 fri$ potatoes1 hot biscuit1 & 9 _m cases poorly made c(fee & tea4 ,^! are ! p :o make up ! gr& army ( sall[- fac$ suff]]s ^u :i* ! v5d]s ( pat5t pills & nause\s comp\nds ?rive4 ,a wise "m w n all[ m]e cul9>y conv5i5ce to take prec$5ce ( ! requirem5ts ( heal?4 ,%e w /udy ! peculi> physical ne$s ( ea* "o ( h] *ildr51 t %e may provide = ea* ! food be/ suit$ to 8 or h] con/itution4 ,?is is n a difficult matt]4 ,wat]1 n only by itself1 b 9 "s ( its comb9ations1 says ,dr4 ,oswald1 is an effective ap]i5t2 9 wat]melons1 & :ey1 = in/ance1 b /ill m 9 conjunction ) a di% ( peas1 or beans4 ,no con/ipation c long )/& ! suasion ( a dose ( pea s\p1 or bak$ beans1 flavor$ ) a modicum ( br[n butt]1 & glorifi$ ) a cup ( cold spr+ wat]4 ,moreov]1 ! ap]i5t effect ?us produc$ is n foll[$ by an a/r+5t reaction1 z 9 ! case ( drugs1--! cure1 once effect$1 is p]man5t4 ,errors 9 ,ex]cise may lie 9 two directions1 & ov]ex]tion1 viz41 ex]cise c>ri$ to ! po9t ( n]v\s exhau/ion1 is z mis*iev\s 9 its effect z is ! o!r extreme4 ,a too long walk1 = in/ance1 may cause ! v evil x is int5d$ to cure4 ,z a rule1 h[ev]1 s$5t>y habits are *>geable ) ! great] %>e ( influ5ce 9 ?is unhappy /ate ( ! sy/em4 ,light gymna/ics )9 doors1 a brisk walk or horseback ride )\t1 bo? tak5 9 g>m5ts susp5d$ f ! %\ld]s1 & devoid ( all con/riction s t ! abdom9al visc]a c p>take 9 ! g5]al movem5t ( ! body1 are advisable4 ,= invalids or ^? incapacitat$ = active ex]cise1 friction or massage treatm5t daily1 includ+ a vigor\s knead+ ( ! abdom51 or a relaxation ( ! entire muscles ( ! body ) especial ?\ght direct$ to ! desir$ result1 are (t5 ( great s]vice4 ,inatt5tion to ,physical ,laws is p]haps ! prime culprit4 ,nature always incl9es to regul>ity1 & :5 we d n respect h] dictates1 we invite ! retribution :i*1 soon] or lat]1 %e inv>iably inflicts4 ,! elim9ation ( wa/e f ! sy/em is an imp]ative necessity1 & :5ev] x is ?w>t$1 evil mu/ & w foll[4 ,aside f ! avoidance ( positive discom=ts1 suff]+1 & disease1 !re is ! n unimportant consid]ation ( bodily ela/icity & a f9e complexion4 ,let e "y woman :o w\ld possess & reta9 a fair1 delicate complexion1 rememb] t ! mo/ important factor 9 its =mation & ret5tion is a clean sy/em4 ,prop] diet1 pl5ty ( fruits1 pl5ty ( :olesome dr9k1 en\gh ex]cise to s5d ! blood pleasurably b\nd+ ?r\gh ! ve9s1 foll[$ up & en=c$ by prompt recognition ( ! immutable laws ( ,heal? 9 ?is z well z all o!r organic functions1 w soon "w a re=m t c\ld n be s successfully effect$ by all ! drugs 9 ,*ri/5dom4--,e4 ,b4 ,s4 ,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em4 ,,effect ,,( ,,viol5t ,,passions ,,^u ,,heal? 7p4 #bjb74--,! man :o is giv5 to outbur/s ( ang] is sure to exp]i5ce a rapid *ange ( ! physical organs1 9 case he does n die 9 a fit ( rage4 ,dea? "u su* circum/ances is ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,sylla1 ,val5t9ian1 ,n]va1 ,w5ceslas1 & ,isabeau ( ,bav>ia1 all di$ 9 consequ5ce ( an access ( passion4 ,! m$ical annals ( our own "t rec\nt _m in/ances ( fatal effects foll[+ ! viol5t bra9 di/urbance caus$ by ang]4 ,! symptoms usually are pulmon>y & c]ebral conge/ions4 ,/ill su* fatal accid5ts z ^! are exceptional2 z a rule1 ! passions ( hate & ang] det]iorate ! con/itution by sl[1 b sure degrees4 ,h[1 !n1 d we expla9 ^? morbid ph5om5a :i* h _! orig9 9 misplac$ affection1 9 disappo9t$ ambition1 9 hatr$1 or 9 ang]1 & :i* culm9ate ei!r 9 s]i\s *ronic maladies1 or 9 dea? or suicide8 ,!y all seem to />t f an impairm5t ( ! c]ebro-sp9al c5t]s4 ,! cont9ual excitation ( ^! by ev]-pres5t emotions det]m9es a p>alysis ( ! c5tral n]ve sub/ance1 & ?us affects its connections ) ! n]ves ext5d+ out to ! v>i\s organs4 ,^! n]ves next deg5]ate by degrees1 & soon ! great functions are compromis$4 ,! he>t & ! lungs cease to act ) _! normal rhy?m1 ! circulation gr[s irregul> & langui%+4 ,appetite disappe>s1 ! am\nt ( c>bonic acid exhal$ decreases1 & ! hair gr[s :ite1 ow+ to ! int]ruption ( ! pigm5t>y secretion4 ,?is g5]al di/urbance 9 nutrition & secretion is att5d$ ) a fall ( ! body's temp]ature & anmia4 ,! fle% dries up & ! organism becomes less & less capable ( resi/+ morbific influ5ces4 ,at ! same "t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! reaction ( all ^! di/urbances on ! bra91 ! psy*ic faculties become dull or p]v]t$1 & ! pati5t falls into a decl9e m or less complicat$ & aggravat$ by grave symptoms4 ,"u ^! conditions he dies or makes away ) himself4 ,two organs1 ! /oma* & ! liv]1 are (t5 affect$ 9 a peculi> & *>act]i/ic way 9 ! c\rse ( ?is pa?ological evolution4 ,! modifications produc$ 9 ! inn]vation1 "u ! influ5ce ( cephalic excitem5t1 cause a di/urbance ( ! blood circulation 9 ! liv]4 ,?is di/urbance is ( su* a nature t ! bile1 n[ secret$ 9 l>g] quantity1 is resorb$ into ! blood in/ead ( pass+ into ! bili>y vesicle4 ,!n appe>s :at we call jaundice4 ,! sk9 becomes pale1 !n yell[1 ow+ to ! pres5ce 9 ! blood ( ! color+ matt] ( ! bile4 ,?is *ange 9 ! liv] is usually develop$ sl[ly3 sometimes1 h[ev]1 jaundice makes its appe>ance sudd5ly4 ,vill5euve m5tions ! case ( two y\?s :o br\ght a discussion to an end by grasp+ _! swords2 sudd5ly "o ( !m turn$ yell[1 & ! o!r1 al>m$ at ?is trans=mation1 dropp$ 8 weapon4 ,! same au?or speaks ( a prie/ :o became jaundic$ on see+ a mad dog jump at him4 ,:atev] may be said ( ^! cases1 we mu/ reckon pa9ful affections ( ! s\l among ! effici5t causes ( *ronic diseases ( ! liv]4 ,! dige/ion1 says ! au?or ( a "w publi%$ "s ye>s ago1 is completely subject$ to ! influ5ce ( ! moral & intellectual /ate4 ,:5 ! bra9 is we>i$ by ! passions1 appetite & dige/ion are almo/ gone4444,!re is n[h]e p]fect heal?1 save :5 ! passions are well regulat$1 h>moniz$1 & equipois$4 ,moral temp]ance is z indisp5sable to a calm & tranquil life z physiological temp]ance4444,if x is y\r desire t y\r circulatory1 respiratory1 & dige/ive functions %\ld be dis*>g$ prop]ly1 normally1 if y want y\r appetite to be good1 y\r sleep s\nd1 y\r humor equable1 avoid all emotions t are ov]/rong1 all pleasures t are too int5se1 & meet ! inevitable sorr[s & ! cruel agonies ( life ) a firm & resign$ s\l4 ,ev] h "s occupation to employ & div]t y\r m9d1 & to make x pro( aga9/ ! temptations ( want or ( desire4 ,?us w y atta9 ! t]m ( life )\t ov]mu* disquiet & affliction4--,,f]n& ,,papillon1 9 ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes4 ,,bra9 ,,"w1 ,,ov]work1 ,,& ,,worry 7p4 #bje74--,ov]/imulation ( ! ,bra9 9 ,*ildhood4--,mo/ civiliz$ communities h enact$ laws aga9/ ! employm5t ( *ildr5 9 sev]e physical labor4 ,?is is well en\gh1 = ! muscles ( "y p]sons are t5d] & weak1 & n1 !re=e1 adapt$ to ! "w to :i* cupidity or ignorance w\ld o!rwise subject !m4 ,b no su* fo/]+ c>e does ! ,/ate take ( ! bra9s ( ! "y4 ,!re are no laws to prev5t ! undevelop$ n]v\s sy/em be+ ov]task$ & br\ght to disease1 or ev5 absolute de/ruction4 ,e physician sees cases ( ! k9d1 & wond]s h[ p>5ts ( intellig5ce c be s bl9d to ! welf>e ( _! (fspr+ z to =ce1 or ev5 to all[1 _! bra9s to be work$ to a degree t1 9 _m cases1 results 9 idiocy or dea?4 ,only a few mon?s ago ,i saw = ! fir/ "t a boy ( five ye>s ( age1 ) a l>ge head1 a prom95t =ehead1 & all ! o!r signs ( m5tal precocity4 ,he _h read ! fir/ volume ( ,bryant's ,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & 0 prep>+ to tackle ! o!r volumes6 ,he read ! magaz9es ( ! day ) z mu* int]e/ z did 8 fa!r1 & conv]s$ ) equal facility on ! politics ( ! p]iod4 ,b a few weeks be=e ,i saw him he _h begun to walk 9 8 sleep1 !n *orea _h made its appe>ance1 & on ! day be=e he 0 br\ght to me he _h _h a well-m>k$ epileptic p>oxysm4 ,already 8 m9d is weak5$ --p]haps p]man5tly s4 ,su* cases are n isolat$ ones4 ,!y are cont9ually occurr+4 ,! p]iod ( e>ly *ildhood--say up to sev5 or eight ye>s ( age--is t dur+ :i* ! bra9 & o!r p>ts ( ! n]v\s sy/em are mo/ actively develop+1 9 ord] to fit !m = ! great "w be=e !m4 ,x is safe to say t ! only in/ruction giv5 dur+ ?is "t %\ld be t :i* consi/s 9 tea*+ *ildr5 h[ to obs]ve4 ,! p]ceptive faculties alone %\ld be made ! subjects ( sy/ematic attempts at developm5t4 ,! *ild %\ld be taught h[ to use 8 s5ses1 & especially h[ to see1 he>1 & t\*4 ,9 ?is mann]1 k w\ld be acquir$ 9 ! way t is preem95tly ! natural way1 & ample food w\ld be furni%$ = ! *ild's reflective p[]s4--,,dk4 ,,wm4 ,a4 ,,hammond1 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,novemb]1 #ahhd4 ,res]ve ,=ce4--,! "p :i* a /ock ( en]gy plays 9 bra9 "w c sc>cely be exagg]at$4 ,res]ves are ( high mom5t ev]y:]e 9 ! animal economy1 & ! res]ve ( m5tal =ce is 9 a practical s5se m important ?an any o!r4444,)\t ?is res]ve1 heal?y bra9 "w is impossible4 ,pa91 hung]1 anxiety1 & a s5se ( m9d we>9ess1 are w>n+ tok5s ( exhau/ion4 ,:5 ! labori\s work]1 ov]come ) fatigue1 r\ses himself ) alcohol1 c(fee1 tea1 or any o!r ag5t :i* may *ance to suit him1 he does n add a unit ( =ce to 8 /ock ( en]gy2 he simply n>cotizes ! s5se ( we>9ess1 &1 ! gu>d be+ drugg$1 he appropriates ! res]ve4444,mean:ile1 ! ef=t to "w becomes daily m labori\s1 ! task ( fix+ ! att5tion gr[s increas+ly difficult1 ?\ghts w&]1 memory fails1 ! reason+ p[] is enfeebl$2 physical n]ve or bra9 di/urbance may sup]v5e1 & ! cra% w !n come sudd5ly1 unexpect$ by on-look]s1 p]haps unp]ceiv$ by ! suff]] himself4 ,ov]work & ,worry4--,! mis]ies ( ov]work1 pure & simple1 are few & comp>atively insignificant4444,! natural safegu>ds are s well fitt$ = _! task t nei!r body nor m9d is expos$ to ! p]il ( s]i\s exhau/ion s long z _! functions are duly p]=m$4 ,ov]work is impossible s long z ! ef=t made is natural4444,!re is !n no excuse = idl5ess 9 ! pret5se ( possible injury4 ,if insane asylums 7 se>*$ = ! victims ( ov]work1 !y w\ld ne>ly all be f\nd to h fall5 a prey to worry1 or to ! deg5]acy :i* results f lack ( purpose 9 life1 & ( /eady employm5t 4444,! cause or condition :i* mo/ commonly exposes ! res]ve ( m5tal en]gy to loss & injury is worry4 ,:5 a /rong & active m9d breaks d[n sudd5ly 9 ! mid/ ( bus9ess1 x is usually worn out by ?is cause r ?an by ! o!r4444,"w 9 ! tee? ( worry is fraught ) p]il4 ,! unhappy victim is ev] on ! v]ge ( a cata/rophe2 if he escape1 ! m>vel is n at 8 /r5g? ( intellect s mu* z at 8 good =tune4 ,worry is disord]1 h[ev] induc$1 & disord]ly "w is abhorr$ by ! laws ( nature1 :i* leave x :olly )\t rem$y4 ,! p]nici\s sy/em ( ,cram slays its ?\s&s1 because un$ucat$1 undevelop$1 inela/ic intellects are burd5$ & /ra9$ ) in=mation adroitly deposit$ 9 ! memory1--z an exp]t valet packs a portmanteau1 ) ! articles likely to be fir/ want$ on ! top4 ,desultory occupation1 m]e play ) objects ( :i* ! true int]e/ is n appreciat$1 ru9s a /ill l>g] numb]4 ,b worry1 t bane ( bra9 "w & m5tal en]gy1 c\nts its victims by t5s ( ?\s&s4--,,dr4 ,j4 ,,mortim] ,,granville1 9 ,worry1 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury4 ,,sleep 7p4 #bjf74--,"s ,curiosities ( ,sleep4--,"o ( ! mo/ ref9$ & exquisite me?ods ( torture is long cont9u$ deprivation ( sleep4 ,! dem& = unconsci\s re/ is s imp]i\s t nature w accommodate itself to ! mo/ unfavorable surr\nd+ conditions4 ,?us1 9 =c$ m>*es1 regim5ts h be5 kn[n to sleep :ile walk+2 m5 h slept s\ndly 9 ! saddle2 & p]sons w sometimes sleep dur+ ! d9 ( battle4 ,x is rem>kable h[ noises to :i* we h be5 accu/om$ w fail to di/urb our natural re/4 ,^? :o h be5 long habituat$ to ! endless noise ( a cr[d$ city frequ5tly f9d difficulty 9 sleep+ 9 ! oppressive /illness ( ! c\ntry4 ,prolong$ exposure to int5se cold induces excessive somnol5ce1 & if ?is be induc$1 ! sleep passes into /upor1 ! p[] ( resi/ance to cold becomes rapidly dim9i%$1 & dea? is ! inevitable result4 ,int5se heat (t5 produces dr[s9ess1 b1 z is well kn[n1 is n favorable to natural sleep4444,x is difficult to det]m9e ) exactness ! ph5om5a ( sleep t are absolutely physiological1 & to sep>ate ^? t are slightly abnormal4 ,we c n ass]t1 = example1 t a dreamless sleep is ! only normal condition ( repose ( ! sy/em2 nor c we det]m9e :at dreams are due to previ\s tra9s ( ?\ght1 or to su* impressions f ! ext]nal _w receiv$ dur+ sleep z are purely physiological1 & :at are due to abnormal n]v\s influ5ce1 disord]$ dige/ion1 etc4 ,! mo/ rem>kable exp]im5ts ^u ! production ( dreams ( a def9ite "*1 by subject+ a p]son dur+ sleep to peculi> influ5ces1 are ^? ( ,maury4 ,! halluc9ations produc$ 9 ?is way are call$ hypnagogic 7f its d]ivation ?is t]m is prop]ly appli$ only to ph5om5a obs]v$ at ! in/ant :5 we fall asleep1 or :5 we are imp]fectly awak5$1 & n to ! p]iod ( mo/ p]fect repose71 & !y occur :5 ! subject is n 9 a condition favorable to s\nd sleep4 ,! exp]im5ts made by ,maury ^u himself are s curi\s & int]e/+ t we quote ! mo/ /rik+ ( !m 9 full4 ,fir/ ,obs]vation4--,i am tickl$ ) a fea!r successively on ! lips & inside ( ! no/rils4 ,i dream t ,i am subject$ to a horrible puni%m5t1 t a mask ( pit* is appli$ to my face1 & !n r\ghly torn (f1 te>+ ! sk9 ( ! lip1 ! nose1 & ! face4 ,second ,obs]vation4--,a pair ( p9c]s is held at a little di/ance f my e>1 & rubb$ ) /eel scissors4 ,i dream t ,i he> ! r++ ( bells2 ?is soon becomes a tocs91 & ,i imag9e myself 9 ! days ( ,june1 #ahdh4 7,! "t ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution47 ,?ird ,obs]vation4--,i am caus$ to inhale ,cologne wat]4 ,i dream ,i am 9 a p]fum]'s %op2 ! idea ( p]fumes d\btless awak5s ! idea ( ! ,ea/2 ,i am 9 ,cairo1 9 ! %op ( ,jean ,f>9a4444 ,fif? ,obs]vation4--,i am slightly p9*$ on ! nape ( ! neck4 ,i dream t a bli/] is appli$1 :i* recalls to my m9d a physician :o _h treat$ me 9 infancy4 ,sev5? ,obs]vation4444,! words ,az>1 ,ca/or1 ,leonore1 7 pron\nc$ 9 my e>2 on awak+ ,i recollect$ t ,i _h he>d ! la/ two words1 :i* ,i attribut$ to "o ( ! p]sons :o _h conv]s$ ) me 9 my dream4--,,fl9t',s ,physiology ( ,man4 ,! transition /age betwe5 ! dream simple & ! dream act$ is witness$ 9 ! spasmodic movem5ts :i* a vivid dream produces 9 ! limbs or p]son ( ! sleep]4 ,! dream] engages 9 a fi]ce /ruggle1 & twit*+s ( 8 legs & arms indicate ! feeble response ( body to ! prompt+s ( m9d remov$ f its wont$ p[] ov] ! frame4 ,ev5 ! dog1 z he sleeps1 app>5tly dreams ( ! *ase1 & gives v5t to 8 s5sations by ! %ort1 %>p b>k1 or sniffs ! air1 & />ts 9 8 slumb] z if 9 response to ! activity ) :i*1 9 8 dream+1 he is hurry+ along aft] ! object ( pursuit4444,p]sons h be5 kn[n to swim = a consid]able "t 9 ! somnambuli/ic /ate )\t wak+ at ! t]m9ation ( _! j\rney2 o!rs h safely desc5d$ ! %aft ( a m9e1 :ile "s h asc5d$ /eep cliffs1 & h return$ home 9 safety dur+ a prolong$ sleep vigil4 7,see p4 #bjd47--;,,dr4 ,,&rew ,,wilson1 ,f4,r4,s4,e41 ,:at ,dreams are ,made (4 ,sleep & ,consci5ce4--,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale says3 ,nev] g to b$ 9 any dang] ( be+ hungry4 ,p are kept awake by hung] q z mu* z by a bad consci5ce4 ,rememb]+ t sleep is ! ess5tial =ce :i* />ts ! :ole sy/em1 decl9e tea or c(fee )9 ! la/ six h\rs be=e go+ to b$4 ,avoid all ma!matics or intricate /udy ( any sort 9 ! la/ six h\rs4 ,?is is ! /uff dreams are made (1 & hot heads1 & ! nuisances ( wak+ h\rs4 ,keep y\r consci5ce cle>4 ,rememb] t because ! "w ( life is inf9ite1 y c n d ! :ole ( x 9 any limit$ p]iod ( "t1 & t !re=e y may j z well leave (f 9 "o place z ano!r4 ,! ,art ( ,ris+ ,e>ly4--,! prop] "t to rise is :5 sleep ends4 ,doz+ %\ld n be all[$4 ,true sleep is ! aggregate ( sleeps1 or is a /ate consi/+ 9 ! sleep+ or re/ ( all ! sev]al p>ts ( ! organism4 ,sometimes "o & at o!r times ano!r "p ( ! body1 z a :ole1 may be ! lea/ fatigu$1 & s ! fir/ to awake2 or ! mo/ exhau/$1 & !re=e ! mo/ difficult to ar\se4 ,! secret ( good sleep is1 ! physiological conditions ( re/ be+ e/abli%$1 s to "w & we>y ! sev]al p>ts ( ! organism z to give !m a proportionately equal ne$ ( re/ at ! same mom5t4 ,to wake e>ly1 & feel ready to rise1 a fair & equal />t ( ! sleep]s %\ld be secur$2 & ! wise self-manag] %\ld n all[ a dr[sy feel+ ( unconsci\sness1 or we>y s5ses1 or an exhau/$ muscul> sy/em1 to beguile him into ! folly ( go+ to sleep aga9 :5 once he has be5 ar\s$4 ,aft] a few days ( self-discipl9e1 ! man :o resolves n to doze1 t is1 n to all[ "s sleepy "p ( 8 body to keep him 9 b$ aft] 8 bra9 has once awak5$1 w f9d himself1 )\t kn[+ :y1 an e>ly ris]4 ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,sunlight 7p4 #bjg74--,light is an ess5tial elem5t 9 produc+ ! gr& ph5om5a ( life1 ?\gh its action is ill und]/ood4 ,:]e !re is light !re is life1 & any deprivation ( ?is pr9ciple is rapidly foll[$ by disease ( ! animal frame1 & ! de/ruction ( ! m5tal faculties4 ,we h pro( ( ?is 9 ! squalor ( ^? ^: necessities compel !m to labor 9 places to :i* ! bless+s ( sun%9e nev] p5etrate1 z 9 our coal m9es1 :]e m5 hav+ ev]y?+ necess>y = heal?1 except light1 exhibit a s+ul>ly unheal?y appe>ance4 ,! /ate ( fatuity & wret*$ness to :i* ^? individuals h be5 r$uc$1 :o h be5 subject$ = ye>s to inc>c]ation 9 d>k dungeons1 may be ref]r$ to ! same deprivation4-- ,,rob]t ,,hunt1 ,poetry ( ,sci5ce4 ,effect ( ,dungeon ,life4--,y c n imag9e1 ,mr4 ,k5nan1 said a condemn$ revolutioni/ to me 9 ,sib]ia1 ! mis]y ( prolong$ conf9em5t 9 a casemate ( ! =tress "u :at are kn[n z dungeon conditions4 ,my casemate 0 sometimes cold1 g5]ally damp1 & always gloomy4 ,day aft] day1 week aft] week1 mon? aft] mon?1 ,i lay !re 9 solitude1 he>+ no s\nd save t ( ! high-pit*$1 melan*oly bells ( ! =tress ca!dral1 :i* sl[ly *im$ ! qu>t] h\rs1 & :i* always seem$ to say3 ',"h ?\ lie/--lie "h /ill4' ,i _h absolutely no?+ to d except to pace my cell f corn] to corn]1 & ?9k4 ,= a long "t ,i us$ to talk to myself 9 a :isp]2 to repeat s(tly ev]y?+ 9 ! %ape ( lit]ature t ,i c\ld rememb]1 & to compose spee*es :i*1 "u c]ta9 imag9$ conditions1 ,i w\ld deliv]2 b ,i f9ally ceas$ to h en]gy en\gh to d ev5 ?is1 & us$ to sit = h\rs 9 a sort ( /upor1 9 :i*1 s f> z ,i c n[ rememb]1 ,i 0 n consci\s ( ?9k+ at all4 ,be=e ! end ( ! fir/ ye>1 ,i grew s weak1 m5tally & physically1 t ,i began to =get words4 ,i knew :at ideas ,i desir$ to express1 b "s ( ! words t ,i ne$$ _h gone f me1 & x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty t ,i c\ld recov] !m4 ,x seem$ sometimes z if my own language 7 a /range "o to me1 or "o :i*1 f long disuse1 ,i _h =gott54 ,i greatly fe>$ insanity1 & my appreh5sion 0 increas$ by ! fact t two or ?ree ( my comrades 9 cells on ! same corridor 7 ei!r insane or subject to halluc9ations2 & ,i 0 (t5 r\s$ at night & ?r[n into a viol5t *ill ( n]v\s excitem5t by _! hy/]ical weep+1 _! cries to ! gu>d to come & take away somebody1 or some?+ :i* !y imag9$ !y saw1 or _! groans & entreaties :51 9 cases ( viol5t delirium1 !y 7 /rapp$ to _! b$s by ! g5d>mes4--,,george ,,k5nan1 9 ,russian ,/ate ,prison]s1 ,! ,c5tury1 ,m>*1 #ahhh4 ,,! ,,gr[? ,,& ,,p[] ,,( ,,poison ,,habits 7p4 #bah74--;,9 ord] to di/+ui% a poison /imulant f a h>mless & nutritive sub/ance1 ,nature has furni%$ u ?ree infallible te/s3 #a4 ,! fir/ ta/e ( e poison is ei!r insipid or repulsive4 #b4 ,! p]si/5t obtrusion ( ! noxi\s sub/ance *anges t av]sion into a specific crav+4 #c4 ,! m or less pleasurable excitem5t produc$ by a gratification ( t crav+ is always foll[$ by a depress+ reaction4444 ,"o radical fallacy id5tifies ! /imulant habit 9 all its disguises3 its victims mi/ake a process ( irritation = "o ( invigoration4444 ,soon] or lat] ! tonic is sure to pall :ile ! morbid crav+ rema9s1 & =ces its victims ei!r to increase ! quantity ( ! wont$ /imulant1 or else to resort to a /rong] poison4 ,a boy beg9s ) g+] be] & ends 9 g+] rum2 ! m$ical tonic delusion progresses f malt extract to ,mum=d's ,elixir2 & ! nicot9e habit once introduc$1 ! alcohol habit (t5 foll[s4 ,! t5d5cy ( e /imulant habit is t[>d a /rong] tonic4444,we h f\nd t ! road to ! rum %op is pav$ ) mild /imulants1 & t e bottle ( m$ical bitt]s is apt to get ! v5d] a p]man5t cu/om]4 ,we h f\nd t cid] & mild ale lead to /rong ale1 to lag] be]1 & f9ally to rum1 & ! tru? at la/ dawns ^u u t ! only safe1 consi/5t1 & effective plan is ,total ,ab/95ce f all ,poisons4 444,m ?an ! hung] aft] bread1 m ?an ! fr5zy ( love or hatr$1 ! poison hung] ov]p[]s e o!r in/9ct1 ev5 ! fe> ( dea?4 ,dr4 ,isaac ,j5n+s has illu/rat$ ?is by ! foll[+ example3 ,a cl]gyman ( 8 acqua9tance attempt$ to dissuade a "y man ( great promise f habits ( intemp]ance4 ,he> me fir/ a few words1 said ! "y man1 & !n y may proce$4 ,i am s5sible t an indulg5ce 9 ?is habit w lead to ! loss ( prop]ty1 ! loss ( reputation & dome/ic happ9ess1 to premature dea?1 & to ! irretrievable loss ( my immortal s\l2 & n[1 ) all ?is conviction re/+ firmly on my m9d & fla%+ ov] my consci5ce l lightn+1 if ,i /ill cont9ue to dr9k1 d y suppose any?+ y c say w det] me f ! practice8 444,ignorance is a *ief cause ( intemp]ance4 ,! s$uctions ( vice w\ld n mislead s _m ( our "y m5 if !y c\ld realize ! significance ( _! mi/ake4 ,!re is /ill a l+]+ belief t1 ) due precaution aga9/ excess & adult]ation1 a dram dr9k] might get ahead ( ,nature1 &1 z x 71 trick h] out ( "s extra enjoym5t4 ,!re is no hope ( a radical re=m till intellig5t p h realiz$ ! fact t ?is trick is 9 e in/ance a los+ game1 entail+ p5alties :i* f> outweigh ! pleasures t ! novice may mi/ake = enjoym5ts4 ,= ! depression ( ! vital en]gy increases ) e repetition ( ! /imulat+ process1 & 9 a ye> aft] ! fir/ dose all ! grateful & exhil>at+ tonics ( our pr(essional poison v5d]s c n re/ore ! vigor1 ! c\rage1 & ! *e]fulness :i* ! m]e consci\sness ( p]fect heal? imp>ts to ! total ab/a9]4 ,a great plurality ( all beg9n]s und]rate ! difficulty ( controll+ ! crav+s ( a morbid appetite4 ,!y rememb] t _! natural incl9ations at fir/ oppos$1 r ?an enc\rag$1 ! indulg5ce2 & !y feel t at ! pres5t /age ( its developm5t !y c\ld abjure ! passion )\t difficulty4 ,b !y ov]look ! fact t ! moral p[] ( resi/ance decreases ) ea* repetition ( ! dose1 & t ! "t w come :5 only ! practical impossibility ( procur+ _! wont$ tipple w enable !m to keep _! pl$ge ( total ab/95ce4 ,x is true t1 by ! ex]cise ( a con/ant self-re/ra9t1 a p]son ( great w =ce may resi/ ! progressive t5d5cy ( ! poison habit & conf9e himself = ye>s to a s+le cig> or a s+le bottle ( w9e p] day4444,b ! attempt to resi/ t bias w ov]task ! /r5g? ( mo/ individuals4 ,accord+ to ! allegory ( ! ,grecian my?1 ! c> ( ,bac*us 0 drawn by tig]s2 & x is a significant circum/ance t w>1 fam9e1 & pe/il5ce h s (t5 be5 ! =]unn]s ( v]itable alcohol epidemics4444,! explanation is t1 aft] ! /imulant habit has once be5 initiat$1 e unusual depression ( m5tal or physical vigor calls = an increas$ application ( ! accu/om$ me?od ( relief4444,nations :o are addict$ to ! wor%ip ( a poison god w use 8 temple z a place ( refuge f e calamity2 & *ildr5 ^: petty ailm5ts h be5 palliat$ ) n>cotics1 w9e1 & cordials1 w aft]w>d be tempt$ to dr[n _! great] sorr[s 9 deep] draughts ( ! same nep5!4--,,felix ,l4 ,,oswald1 ,m4,d41 ,rem$ies ( ,nature1 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,octob] & ,novemb]1 #ahhc4 ,,dang]s ,,f ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,n>cotics4--,x may seem a p>adox1 x is a truism1 to say t 9 ! value ( n>cotics lies _! p]il4 ,because !y h su* p[] = good1 because ! suff]+ :i* !y alleviate is 9 its light] =ms s common1 because neuralgia & sleeplessness are ailm5ts z famili> to ! pres5t g5]ation z g\t1 rheumatism1 & cat>rh 7 to our gr&fa!rs1 !re=e ! m$ic9es :i* imm$iately relieve sleeplessness & neuralgic pa9 are among ! mo/ dang]\s possessions1 ! mo/ subtle temptations ( civiliz$ life4 ,e "o ( ^! drugs has1 besides its in/ant & b5eficial effect1 o!r & injuri\s t5d5cies4 ,! relief :i* x gives is pur*as$ at a c]ta9 price2 =1 at ea* repetition ( ! dose1 ! imm$iate relief is less5$ or r5d]$ unc]ta91 :ile ! mis*iev\s influ5ce is enhanc$ & aggravat$2 till1 :5 ! drug has become a necessity ( life x has lo/ ! great] "p1 if n ! :ole1 ( its value1 & s]ves only to satisfy ! ne$ :i* itself alone has creat$4444,we read weekly ( m5 & wom5 poison$ by an ov]dose ( "s favorite s$ative1 burn$ to dea? or o!rwise fatally injur$1 :ile ins5sible f self- adm9i/]$ e!r or *lor(orm4444,! n>coti/ keeps *lor(orm or *loral always at h&1 =getful or ignorant t "o sure effect ( ! fir/ dose is to produce a semi/upor m dang]\s ?an actual somnol5ce4 ,9 t semi/upor ! pati5t is aw>e1 or fancies1 t ! dose has fail$4 ,! pa9 t has induc$ a lady to hold a *lor(orm$ h&k]*ief "u h] no/rils returns :ile h] w & h] judgm5t are half p>alyz$4 ,%e takes ! bottle f ! table beside h] b$1 int5d+ to p\r an additional supply ^u h] h&k]*ief4 ,! un/eady h& p]haps spills a quantity on ! %eet1 p]haps s9ks ) ! un/opp]$ bottle "u h] no/rils1 & 9 a few mom5ts %e has inhal$ en\gh utt]ly to /upefy1 if n to kill4 ,! sleepless bra9 work] also feels t 8 usual dose ( *loral has fail$ to br+ sleep2 he is n aw>e h[ completely x has /upefi$ ! bra91 to :i* x has n giv5 re/4 ,8 judgm5t is gone1 s is 8 /ead9ess ( h&2 & he p\rs out a second & too (t5 a fatal dose4444,b ! cases t end 9 a dea? t]rible to ! family1 ?\gh probably involv+ little or no suff]+ to ! victim himself1 are by no means ! wor/4 ,a life poison$1 p>alyz$1 r5d]$ wor?less = all ! uses ( intellectual1 rational1 we might almo/ say ( human exi/5ce1 is worse = ! suff]] himself & = all ar\nd him ?an a quick & pa9less dea?2 & = "o su* dea? !re mu/ be tw5ty1 if n a hundr$1 in/ances ( ?is wor/ dea? 9 life4444,! demoralization ( ! n>coti/ is n1 l t ( ! drunk>d1 rapid1 viol5t1 & palpable2 b gradual1 insidi\s1 p]ceptible at fir/ only to close obs]v]s & intimate fri5ds4 ,"h & !re we f9d a con/itution ^u :i* opium ex]ts few or none ( its *>act]i/ic effects4 ,su* cases are1 ( c\rse1 :olly exceptional2 b _! v exi/5ce is a dang] to o!rs1 mislead+ !m into ! idea t !y may dally ) ! tempt] )\t fall+ "u its yoke1 or may fall "u t yoke & f9d x a light "o4 ,i d\bt1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! mo/ =tunate ( its victims w\ld enc\rage ! latt] idea2 :e!r !re be an opium eat] :o w\ld n give a limb nev] to h kn[n :at opium slav]y means4444,besides1 no "o c be sure1 or inde$ reasonably hope1 t ! mis*ief w be conf9$ to ! individual victim4 ,t ! *ildr5 ( drunk>ds are (t5 pr$ispos$ to insanity is notori\s2 t ! *ildr5 ( habitual opium eat]s inh]it an unmi/akable ta9t1 :e!r 9 a diseas$ bra91 9 morbid crav+s1 or simply 9 a w too weak to resi/ temptation1 is less notori\s1 b equally c]ta94--,,p]cy ,,greg1 ,n>cotics & ,/imulants1 ,contempor>y ,review4 ,?us also 9 ,am]ica sc>cely a week passes b we see ann\nc$ 9 ! public pr9ts dea?s or suicides result+ f ! use ( n>cotics4 ,n[1 x is f tobacco3 ,a ,yale ,college /ud5t dies f excessive smok+2 ano!r /ud5t 9 ! same college1 & z a result ( ! same habit1 commits suicide2 a ?ird "y man is f\nd dead 9 8 b$ 9 ,new ,york1 f he>t disease induc$ by cig>ettes2 & s1 mon? by mon?1 & ye> by ye>1 gr[s 9 rapid increase ! li/ ( tobacco dea?s4--,or1 aga91 x is f opium4 ,a ,h>v>d /ud5t ) two ( 8 college companions 9 se>* ( a new s5sation1 tries opium smok+ "o fatal night & dies be=e morn+2 a woman 9 ,ohio1 belong+ to a prom95t family1 dies at ! age ( ?irty-?ree ye>s1 f an ov]dose ( morph9e1 h] body cov]$ ) hypod]mic sc>s2 ano!r1 once ! respect$ wife ( a ,bapti/ cl]gyman1 becomes a morph9e drunk>d1 drifts1 /ep by /ep1 into a ,c5tral ,new ,york ,alm%\se1 & !re hangs h]self2 a ?ird1 "y1 accompli%$1 & weal?y1 falls fir/ a victim to ! morph9e habit1 !n to opium smok+1 f9ally becomes ! frequ5t] ( a ,new ,york opium jo9t1 & s is lo/ =ev] to home1 fri5ds1 & respectability4-- ,occasionally x is coca9e1 z 9 ! case ( ! ,*icago physician1 :o1 = ! purposes ( inve/igation1 exp]im5ts ) ?is new drug ^u himself1 8 wife1 & f9ally ^u 8 innoc5t *ildr52 ! entire family be+ f\nd unconsci\s f ! effects ( ! subtle n>cotic4 ,^! are b solit>y in/ances 9 an appall+ly long li/ ( simil> cases1 mo/ ( :i* h occurr$ )9 ! la/ two ye>s 7#ahhg-'hh74 ,cig>ette ,smok+ is *>geable ) a gr[+ demoralization & mortality among boys & "y m54 ,x is no uncommon sight to see lads ( t5 ye>s old & "u1 ) ! irresponsibility ( ignorant *ildhood1 puff+ ! dang]\s cig>ette1 & ?us und]m9+ heal? & intellect at ! v outset ( useful exi/5ce4 ,ev5 :5 told ( ! ne> & remote p]ils ?us incurr$1 !y sc>cely li/51 = d n !y see _! eld]s smoke & prosp]8--,mo/ ( !m d n und]/& t !re is m dang] to ! "y ?an to ! old 9 ! tobacco habit1 m dang] to "s con/itutions ?an to o!rs1 & m dang] 9 ! cig>ette ?an ev5 9 ! pipe or ! cig>4 ,pause a mom5t to consid] x1 boys1 :5 y are tempt$ to light ! clean-look+1 pap]-cov]$ roll & place x 9 y\r m\?4 ,?9k ( ! heat$ smoke irritat+ ! delicate membrane 9 y\r ?roat1 dull+ y\r bra91 & vitiat+ ! blood :i* %\ld be b\nd+ fre% & pure ?r\gh y\r ve9s4 ,?9k ( ! _m fil?y & diseas$ m\?s f :i* h be5 ca/ away ! tobacco refuse1 pick$ up 9 /reets & public places to reappe> 9 ! ,*eap & ,popul> ,br& :i* looks to y s innoc5t & s attractive4 ,x is a/oni%+1 inde$1 h[ an o!rwise cleanly boy w cons5t to defile himself ) ^! vile abom9ations4 ,& yet1 ,i h kn[n lads :o--n always ) p]fect polit5ess--w\ld fa/idi\sly refuse ha% at _! "m's breakfa/ table1 b :o w\ld %ortly aft]w>d s]5ely place "o ( ^! unkn[able comp\nds betwe5 _! lips & walk away ) ! air ( sup]ior manhood6 ,( ,*loral ,hydrate1 ,dr4 ,fo!rgill rem>ks3 ,:5 ?is 0 ann\nc$ ) a fl\ri% ( trumpets z a p]fectly innocu\s n>cotic1 ! sleepless folk hail$ its adv5t ) eag] acclamation4 ,b a little exp]i5ce soon demon/rat$ t ! innocu\s1 h>mless drug 0 f> f ! boon x 0 proclaim$4 ,9 fact1 ! impression ( its h>mlessness 0 ! outcome ( ignorance ( its prop]ties4 ,dea? aft] dea?1 ev5 among m$ical m5 !mselves1 z well z nonpr(essional p]sons1 h already result$ f ! use1 or r misuse1 ( ?is n>cotic ag5t4 ,! ,bromides 7( ,soda or ,pota%71 also1 %\ld be us$ ) caution1 & only on ! prescription ( a consci5ti\s physician4 ,! bromide ( pota%1 says ,p]cy ,greg1 is claim$ n to produce sleep by /upefaction1 l *loral or opium1 b1 at lea/ 9 small doses1 to allay ! n]v\s irritability :i* is (t5 ! sole cause ( sleeplessness4 ,b 9 l>g] quantities & 9 its ultimate effects1 x is sc>cely less to be dread$ ?an *loral4 ,ov]doses ( ! bromides w produce among o!r evil effects a peculi> eruption ^u ! face1 :i*1 ?\gh g5]ally tempor>y1 is liable to reappe> f "t to "t "u c]ta9 conditions ( ! sy/em1 & especially ^u a subsequ5t dose1 h[ev] dilute4 ,abs9! is a comp\nd ( abs9?ium 7! ess5ce ( wormwood71 v>i\s aromatic oils1 & alcohol4 ,abs9?ium1 tak5 9 small doses1 induces trembl+1 /upor1 & ins5sibility2 9 l>g] doses1 epilepsy4 ,:51 !re=e1 ?is dang]\s ess5ce is add$ to alcohol1 x /r5g!ns its influ5ce to specific disease4 ,abs9! dr9k+ is recogniz$ 9 ,france z su* a s]i\s vice t x has be5 (ficially prohibit$ 9 ! army & navy4 ,ha%ee% is a syrup prep>$ f ! leaves & fl[]s ( ,indian ,hemp4 ,?\gh its use 9 ?is c\ntry is comp>atively small1 in/ances are n unkn[n 9 :i* reckless or curi\s p]sons h fatally exp]im5t$ ) x4 ,z a m$ic9e1 x is 9 limit$ use1 & ) results n always satisfactory4 ,x acts 9 a peculi> mann] ^u ! n]v\s c5t]s1 occasion+ t /range condition ( ! n]v\s sy/em call$ catalepsy1 9 :i* ! limbs ( ! unconsci\s pati5t rema9 /ation>y 9 :atev] position !y may be plac$4 ,aft] an av]age dose ( ha%ee%1 ! subject becomes ! helpless victim ( rapidly %ift+ ideas1 a prom95t *>act]i/ic ( :i* is an entire loss ( judgm5t z to "t & place4 ,a l>g] dose produces halluc9ations & delirium1 ) t di/ress+ s5sation ( fall+ ?r\gh endless space :i* is induc$ 9 "s p by opium4 ,footnote3 ,9 an article entitl$ ,an ,ov]dose ( ,ha%ee% 7,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly1 ,febru>y1 #ahhd71 ,miss ,,m>y ,a4 ,,hung]=d gives a vivid description ( a pa9ful exp]i5ce ) ?is drug1 "s portion ( :i* is z foll[s3 ,be+ "o ( ! gr& army ( suff]]s f heada*e1 ,i took1 la/ summ]1 by ord] ( my physician1 ?ree small daily doses ( ha%ee% 9 ! hope ( hold+ my intimate enemy 9 *eck4444,i grew to reg>d ! drug z a h>mless m$ic9e1 & "o day1 :5 ,i 0 assur$ by "s famili> symptoms t my heada*e 0 ab\t to assume an aggravat$ =m1 ,i took a l>g] quantity ?an _h be5 prescrib$4 ,tw5ty m9utes lat] ,i 0 seiz$ ) a /range s9k+ or fa9tness :i* gave my family s mu* al>m t !y telephon$ at once = ! doctor4 444,"o t]rible reality--,i c h>dly t]m x a fancy ev5 n[--t came to me aga9 & aga91 0 s pa9ful t x mu/1 ,i fe>1 always be a vividly rememb]$ agony4444,i di$1 z ,i believ$1 al?\gh by a /range d\ble consci\sness ,i knew t ,i %\ld aga9 reanimate ! body ,i _h left4 ,9 leav+ x ,i did n so> away1 z "o delights to ?9k ( ! fre$ spirits so>+4444,i sank1 an intangible1 impalpable %ape1 ?r\gh ! b$1 ! floors1 ! cell>1 ! e>?1 d[n1 d[n1 d[n6 ,l a fragm5t ( glass dropp+ ?r\gh ! ocean1 ,i dropp$ un9t]rupt$ly ?r\gh ! e>? & its atmosph]e1 & !n fell on & on =ev]4444,z "t w5t on1 & my dropp+ ?r\gh space cont9u$1 ,i became fill$ ) ! mo/ pr(\nd lonel9ess1 & a desp]ate fe> took hold ( me t ,i %\ld be ?us alone = ev]more1 & fall & fall et]nally4444,!re 01 x seem$ to me1 a =gott5 text :i*1 if rememb]$1 w\ld be ! spell to /op my fatal fall+4 ,i s\ght 9 my memory = x1 ,i pray$ to recall x1 ,i f\ght = x madly1 wre/l+ aga9/ ! t]rible fate :i* seem$ to )hold x4 ,s+le words ( x came to me 9 disconnect$ mock]y1 b eras$ !mselves in/antane\sly4 ,m5tally1 ,i wri!d 9 su* hopeless agony t1 9 ?9k+ ( x1 ,i wond] ,i c\ld h borne su* excess ( emotion & liv$4444,i began1 !n1 )\t hav+ rea*$ any goal1 to asc5d4 ,z ,i rose1 a great & t]rible voice f a va/ di/ance pron\nc$ my doom3 ',fall1 fall1 fall1 to rise aga9 9 hopeless mis]y1 & s9k aga9 9 lonely agony =ev]4' 444,!n ensu$ a wild & t]rible comm+l+ ( unsyllabl$ s\nds1 s une>?ly t x is n 9 ! p[] ( language to fitly describe !m4 ,x 0 some?+ l a mighty ,niag>a ( %rieks & groans1 comb9$ ) ! fe>ful d9 & cra% ( ?\s&s ( battles & ! ?und]\s ro> ( a /ormy sea4444,i f\ght my upw>d way 9 an agony :i* resembl$ no?+ s mu* z ! t]rible mom5t :51 f /rangl+ or suffocation1 all ! =ces ( life /ruggle aga9/ dea?1 & wre/le madly = ano!r brea?4 ,9 place ( ! woeful s\nds n[ reign$ a deadly /illness1 brok5 only at long b regul> int]vals by a l\d report1 z if a cannon1 l\d] ?an any ,i ev] he>d on e>?1 7 dis*>g$ at my side1 almo/ %ot into me1 ,i might say1 = ! s\nd appe>$ to r5d me f head to foot1 & !n to die away into ! d>k *aos ab\t me 9 /range1 %udd]+ rev]b]ations4 ,ev5 9 ! mis]y ( my asc5d+ ,i 0 fill$ ) a dread expectancy ( ! cruel s\nd4 ,x gave me a feel+ ( acute physical torture1 ) a l+]+ int5sity t bodily suff]+ c\ld n h4 ,x 0 repeat$ an incr$ible numb] ( times1 & always ) ! same suff]+ & %ock to me4 ,at la/ ! s\nd came (t5]1 b ) less =ce1 & ,i seem$ aga9 ne>+ ! %ores ( "t4 ,dimly 9 ! f> di/ance ,i saw ! room ,i _h left1 myself ly+ /ill & dea?like ^u ! b$1 & ! fri5ds wat*+ me4444,!n1 sil5tly & invisibly ,i float$ into ! room1 & 0 "o ) myself aga94 444',%e is consci\s n[1' ,i he>d "o ( ! doctors say1 & he g5tly lift$ ! lids ( my eyes & look$ into !m4 ,i tri$ my be/ to ?r[ all ! intellig5ce ,i c\ld into !m1 & return$ 8 look ) "o ( recognition4 ,b1 ev5 ) my eyes fix$ on 81 ,i felt myself go+ aga9 9 spite ( my crav+ to /ay4 ,i long$ to implore ! doctor to save me1 to keep me f ! unutt]able angui% ( fall+ into ! va/ness & vagu5ess ( t %ad[y sea ( no?+ness aga94 ,i clasp$ my h&s 9 wild entreaty2 ,i 0 %ak5 by horrible convulsions--s1 at lea/1 x seem$ to me at ! "t--b1 beyond a slight quiv]+ ( ! f+]s1 no movem5t 0 disc]nible by ! o!rs4444,= five h\rs ,i rema9$ 9 ! same condition--%ort int]vals ( half-consci\sness & !n long lapses into ! agoniz+ exp]i5ces ,i h describ$4444,com+ out ( ! la/ trance1 ,i discov]$ t ! measur$ r5d+ report l ! dis*>ge ( a cannon1 :i* att5d$ my upw>d way1 0 ! ?robb+ ( my own he>t4 ,conc]n+ all ^! & o!r n>cotics1 x %\ld nev] be =gott5 t !y are true poisons1 sold ) ! m>k ( skull & crossbones1 useful1 l /ry*n9e & h5bane1 9 ! h&s ( a skillful physician1 b fraught ) deadly dang] :5 o!rwise employ$4 ,_! private use is nev] safe4 ,! weak & n]v\s invalid1 :o c n by hygi5ic means build up new /r5g?1 ne$ nev] hope to ga9 x by surreptiti\sly indulg+ 9 popul> n>cotics4 ,in/ead1 he w soon discov] t he has b add$ to 8 li/ ( ills a new & fatal "o4--,e4 ,b4 ,s4 ,,! ,,special ,,s5ses4 ,,an ,,educat$ ,,s5se ,,( ,,t\* 7p4 #bcj74--,laura ,dewey ,bridgman1 tea*] 9 ! ,p]k9s ,in/itute = ! ,bl9d1 ,s\? ,bo/on1 lo/ h] sight1 he>+1 & s5se ( smell1 :5 %e 0 two ye>s ( age4 ,at ! age ( eight ye>s %e 0 tak5 to ! in/itution :]e %e yet rema9s4 ,at ?is "t1 by foll[+ h] "m ar\nd ! h\se %e _h become famili> ) home appo9tm5ts1 & by feel+ h] "m's h&s & arms _h also le>n$ to sew & knit4 ,:5 %e fir/ became an inmate ( ! ,p]k9s ,in/itute1 %e 0 bewild]$ by h] /range surr\nd+s1 b aft] %e _h become us$ to place & p1 ?r\gh h] "o & only s5se1 h] education 0 c>efully begun4 ,?r\gh indomitable ef=t on ! "p ( h] preceptor1 %e 0 taught to write1 read1 & spell1 by means ( h] f+]s1 & ?us to ex*ange s5tim5ts ) h] tea*]s & ) o!rs skill$ 9 ! my/]i\s language ( ! bl9d & ! mute4 ,%e is n[ z pr(ici5t 9 ! ord9>y bran*es ( le>n+ z is ! av]age p]son1 possess$ ( all ! s5ses4 ,h] /udies include geography1 ari?metic1 algebra1 geometry1 hi/ory1 & philosophy4 ,%e makes h] own clo?+1 c run a sew+ ma*9e1 & obs]ves great neatness 9 h] dress & ! arrangem5ts ( h] room4 ,h] "* is religi\s1 & %e has great success z a tea*]4 ,n long s9ce1 %e celebrat$1 on ! same day1 h] fifty-eigh? bir?day & ! fiftie? anniv]s>y ( h] entrance to ! ,p]k9s ,in/itute4 ,dur+ h] e>li] ye>s1 x 0 h] practice to keep a j\rnal1 & %e n[ has ab\t =ty manuscript books ( h] own mak+4 ,%e has also writt5 ?ree autobiographical sket*es1 sev]al poems1 & is an accompli%$ correspond5t4 ,:5 ,miss ,bridgman expresses pleasure1 %e clasps h] h&s & smiles4 ,s ke5 & ref9$ are h] s5sibilities1 t x is said %e c1 9 a small way1 appreciate ! beauty ( music by means ( ! s\nd vibrations on ! floor4--,,mrs4 ,,george ,,ar*ibald4 7,laura ,d4 ,bridgman di$ 9 #ahhi47 ,,! ,,nose 7p4 #bcb74--,! ,anatomy ( ! ,nose4--,probably mo/ ( u look ^u ! nose z a d\ble hole 9 ! head1 by :i* we get1 ) m or less acut5ess1 a s5se ( smell1 & ?r\gh :i* we occasionally brea!4 ,! intricate me*anism1 & ! skillful adaptation ( means to end1 :i*1 9 common ) ! o!r organs ( special s5se1 x exhibits1 naturally d n reveal !mselves to any b ! /ud5ts ( anatomy & physiology4 ,its f\rte5 bones are probably bett] hidd5 ?an any o!r f\rte5 bones ( ! body1 & assi/ 9 conv]t+ :at w\ld o!rwise be a m]e *annel ( communication1 into a s]ies ( cavities design$ & adapt$ = p>ticul> purposes4 ,! ar* ( f\r bones :i* =ms ! bridge ( ! nose1 & :i* is ( su* /r5g? z to enable ! gymna/ ( ! circus to p]=m ! feat ( support+ ) x a man on a ladd]1 is piec$ on ) c>tilage to =m ! no/rils1 ?r\gh :i* ! nose communicates ) ! out] air4 ,simil> op5+s beh9d connect x ) ! upp] & po/]ior p>ts ( ! m\?4 ,! space betwe5 ^! ant]ior & po/]ior op5+s makes a l>ge *amb]1 divid$ by a v]tical wall into halves1 ea* ( :i* is /ill fur!r sep>at$ into ?ree irregul> cavities by ?ree bones1 call$ spongy1 f ! porosity & delicacy ( _! texture4 ,! ceil+ ( ^! *amb]s is =m$ by a bone ( ! ?9ness ( pap]1 ^u :i* lies ! front "p ( ! bra91--a fact ! ,egyptians made use ( 9 embalm+ _! corpses1 easily cru%+ ?is bone1 & extract+ ! bra9 ?r\gh ! no/rils4 ,?is bone is call$ cribri=m 7sieve-l71 because x is p]=at$ by _m m9ute holes1 ?r\gh :i*1 f ! olfactory bulbs 7specializ$ p>ts ( ! bra9 9 :i* is resid5t ! capacity ( smell7 t re/ on its upp] surface1 issue ! delicate filam5ts ( ! olfactory n]ves1 to spread !mselves ov] ! l9+ membrane ( ! two upp] spongy bones4 ,x is 9 ! upp] *amb]s ( ! nose1 !re=e1 t ! function ( smell is p]=m$2 ! n]ves t supply ! l[] spongy bone be+ entirely unconnect$ ) ! organs ( smell4 ,ov] ^! latt]1 h[ev]1 sweep 9 & out ! curr5ts ( air :5 ! act ( respiration is prop]ly c>ri$ out1 & x is ^! t are especially conc]n$ 9 its abnormal p]=mance4 ,usually b a v little ( ! volume ( air t trav]ses ! l[] *amb] ( ! nose has any influ5ce ^u its upp] regions2 & !re=e1 :5 our att5tion is attract$ by an odor1 we sniff1 9 ord] to br+ a l>g] quantity ( air into contact ) ! high] p>ts ( ! nose1 or olfactory cavities1 :]e odors are p]ceiv$4 ,b ! half has n be5 told ( ! anatomical & physiological arrangem5ts ( ! nose4 ,by m9ute op5+s its *amb]s h communication ) _m o!r p>ts ( ! head1--) ! holl[ t =ms ! great] "p ( ! *eek bone2 ) ! eye by a m9ute sp\t t c>ries (f ! la*rymal secretion1 unless ! te>s are s abundant z to roll d[n ! *eeks2 ) ! front ( ! ro( ( ! m\?2 ) ! abundant cells ( ! bone t makes ! =ehead1 & ! conge/ion ( ^: l9+ membrane probably acc\nts = ! sev]e heada*e t s (t5 accompanies & aggravates a cold 9 ! head4 ,! gateway to ! inn] air passages1 its abundant surfaces raise ! air inspir$ to ! temp]ature ( ! body1 supply x ) ! moi/ure x lacks1 & sift f x m or less ( ! me*anical impurities ) :i* ! atmosph]e ( our h\ses & %ops is lad54--,,maurice ,d4 ,,cl>ke1 ,m4,d41 ,popul> ,sci5ce ,news1 ,april1 #ahhh4 ,smell ,necess>y to ,ta/e4--,:at we are 9 ! habit ( call+ a ta/e1 is 9 mo/ cases a comp\nd ( smell1 ta/e1 temp]ature1 & t\*--^! f\r s5sations rank+ 9 ga/ronomic importance 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are "h nam$4444,amus+ exp]im5ts may be made1 %[+ t )\t ! s5se ( smell x is commonly q impossible to di/+ui% betwe5 diff]5t articles ( food & dr9k4 ,bl9dfold a p]son & make him clasp 8 nose tightly1 !n put successively into 8 m\? small pieces ( beef1 mutton1 veal1 & pork1 & x is safe to pr$ict t he w n be able to tell "o morsel f ano!r4 ,! same result w be obta9$ ) *ick51 turkey1 & duck2 ) pieces ( almond1 walnut1 & hazel-nut2 ) slices ( apple1 pea*1 & pe>2 or ) diff]5t k9ds ( *eese1 if c>e be tak5 t su* k9ds are *os5 z d n1 by _! peculi> composition1 betray _! id5tity ?r\gh ! n]ves ( t\* 9 ! m\?4 ,to hold an article ( food "u ! nose at table w\ld be ju/ly consid]$ a brea* ( etiquette4 ,b !re is a second way ( smell+1 ( :i* mo/ p are q unconsci\s1 viz41 by exhal+ ?r\gh ! nose :ile eat+ & dr9k+4444,x is well kn[n t only a small portion ( ! muc\s membrane :i* l9es ! no/rils is ! seat ( ! end+s ( ! n]ves ( smell4 ,9 ord9>y expiration1 ! air does n t\* ?is olfactory region1 b by a special ef=t x c be turn$ into t direction4444,in/9ct tea*es mo/ p]sons :ile eat+ to guide ! air1 impregnat$ ) ! fragrance ( ! food1 to a "p ( ! no/rils diff]5t f t us$ dur+ ord9>y exhalation2 b1 be+ unaccu/om$ to psy*ologic analysis ( _! s5sations1 !y rema9 q unconsci\s ( ?is proce$+1 & are1 inde$1 9 ! habit ( confus+ _! s5sations ( ta/e1 smell1 t\*1 & temp]ature 9 a mo/ absurd mann]4444 ,9 try+ to asc]ta9 by exp]im5t h[ f> smell1 t\*1 & temp]ature ent] into ?is comp\nd s5sation1 popul>ly kn[n z ta/e1 x is be/ to make use ( ! pung5t condim5ts4 ,mu/>d & horse-radi%1 = example1 h little or no ta/e1 b res]ve _! pung5t effect = ! muc\s membrane ( ! nose dur+ expiration4 ,x is an advantage to "k ?is1 = if c>e is tak5 to brea! only ?r\gh ! m\?1 we ne$ no long] prep>e to %$ te>s e "t we help ourselves to ! mu/>d4 ,! pung5t quality ( mu/>d1 ! fi]y quality ( g+]1 & ! cool s5sation 9 ! m\? aft] eat+ pepp]m9t1 are due to ! n]ves ( t\* & temp]ature1 :i* are commonly class$ z "o s5se1 ?\gh !y are q z di/9ct s5sations z sight & he>+1 or ta/e & smell4444 ,!re are two ways 9 :i* ! ef=t to extract all its fragrance f a morsel ( food conf]s a b5efit4 7#a47 ,x is necess>y to keep ! morsel 9 ! m\? z long z possible4 ,n[ ! habit ?us =m$ ( eat+ v sl[ly is ( ! utmo/ importance1 = if f>9ace\s articles ( food are swall[$ be=e ! saliva has _h "t to act on !m1 !y are little bett] ?an s mu* wa/e mat]ial tak5 into ! sy/em2 & if meat is n ?or\ghly ma/icat$1 ! /oma* is ov]load$ ) "w :i* %\ld h be5 done by ! tee?2 ! result1 9 ei!r case1 is dyspepsia4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ,mr4 ,glad/one owes 8 rem>kable physical vigor to c]ta9 rules = *ew+ food1 :i* he adopt$ 9 #ahdh1 & to :i* he has adh]$ ev] s9ce4 ,he _h always1 we are told1 paid great att5tion to ! requirem5ts ( ,nature1 b he !n laid d[n z a rule = 8 *ildr5 t ?irty-two bites %\ld be giv5 to ea* m\?ful ( meat1 & a some:at less] numb] to bread1 fi%1 etc4 7#b47 ,besides ?is indirect advantage result+ f ! ef=t to get at ! fragrant odors ( food1 !re is a /ill m rem>kable direct advantage4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ curi\s psy*ologic facts t odors ex]t a /rong influ5ce on our sy/em1 ei!r exhil>at+ or depress+4 ,:ile an unpleasant odor may cause a p]son to fa9t1 ! fumes ( ! smell+ bottle w re/ore him to consci\sness4 ,! magic & value ( ga/ronomic odors lies 9 ?is1 t !y /imulate ! fl[ ( saliva & o!r alim5t>y juices1 ?us mak+ sure t ! food eat5 w be ?or\ghly utiliz$ 9 r5ovat+ ! sy/em4--,,h5ry ,t4 ,,f9ck1 9 ,! ,ga/ronomic ,value ( ,odors4 ,,hygi5e ,,( ,,! ,,e> 7p4 #bcf74--,nev] ,box a ,*ild's ,e>4--,*ildr5 & gr[n p]sons alike may be entirely deaf5$ by falls or heavy bl[s ^u ! head4 ,box+ ! e>s produces a simil> effect1 ?\gh m sl[ly & 9 less degree1 & t5ds to dull ! s5sibility ( ! n]ve1 ev5 if x does n hurt ! membrane4 ,i knew a y\? :o di$ f a t]rible disease ( ! e>4 ,!re _h be5 a dis*>ge f x s9ce he 0 a *ild4 ,( c\rse 8 he>+ _h be5 dull2 & 8 fa!r _h (t5 box$ 8 e> = inatt5tion6 ,mo/ likely t box+ on ! e>1 diseas$ z x 01 _h mu* to d ) 8 dea?4 ,& ?is br+s me to ! second po9t4 ,*ildr5 %\ld nev] be blam$ = be+ inatt5tive1 until x has be5 f\nd out :e!r !y are n a little deaf4 ,?is is easily done by plac+ !m at a few y>ds' di/ance1 & try+ :e!r !y c und]/& :at is said to !m 9 a r l[ tone ( voice4 ,ea* e> %\ld be tri$1 :ile ! o!r is /opp$ by ! f+]4 ,?ree ?+s %\ld be rememb]$ "h3 #a4 ,t slight degrees ( deafness1 (t5 la/+ only = a "t1 are v common among *ildr51 especially dur+ or aft] colds4 #b4 ,t a slight deafness1 :i* does n prev5t a p]son f he>+ :5 he is expect+ to be spok5 to1 w make him v dull to :at he is n expect+4 #c4 ,t !re is a k9d ( deafness 9 :i* a p]son c he> pretty well :ile li/5+1 b is really v h>d ( he>+ :5 n li/5+4 ,avoid ,direct ,draughts 9 ! ,e>4--,!re are "s exposures especially to be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,"o is sitt+ or driv+ ) ! e> expos$ to a side w9d4 ,deafness has also be5 kn[n to come f lett+ ra9 or sleet drive into ! e>4 ,d n ,remove ! ,e>wax4--,x ought to be und]/ood t ! passage ( ! e> does n require clean+ by u4 ,nature und]takes t task1 &1 9 ! heal?y /ate1 fulfills x p]fectly4 ,h] means = cleans+ ! e> is ! wax4 ,p]haps ! read] has nev] wond]$ :at becomes ( ! e>wax4 ,i w tell him4 ,x dries up into ?9 f9e scales1 & ^! peel (f1 "o by "o1 f ! surface ( ! passage1 & fall out imp]ceptibly1 leav+ beh9d !m a p]fectly clean1 smoo? surface4 ,9 heal? ! passage ( ! e> is nev] dirty2 b1 if we attempt to clean x1 we infallibly make x s4 ,wa%+ ! e> out frequ5tly ) soap & wat] keeps ! wax moi/ :5 x ought to become dry & scaly1 increases its quantity unduly1 & makes x absorb ! du/ ) :i* ! air always ab\nds4 ,b ! mo/ hurtful ?+ is introduc+ ! corn] ( ! t[el1 screw$ up1 & twi/+ x r\nd4 ,?is does m h>m to e>s ?an all o!r mi/akes toge!r4 ,x drives d[n ! wax ^u ! membrane1 mu* m ?an x gets x out4 ,b ?is plan does mu* m mis*ief ?an m]ely press+ d[n ! wax4 ,x irritates ! passage1 & makes x ca/ (f small flakes ( sk91 :i* dry up1 & become extremely h>d1 & ^! also are press$ d[n ^u ! membrane4 ,(t5 x is n only deafness :i* ensues1 b pa9 & inflammation1 & !n matt] is =m$ :i* ! h>d mass prev5ts f escap+1 & ! membrane becomes p]man5tly diseas$4 ,! ,eu/a*ian ,tube4--,! use ( ?is tube is tw(old4 ,fir/1 x supplies ! drum ) air1 & keeps ! membrane exactly balanc$1 & free to move1 ) equal air pressure on ea* side2 &1 secondly1 x c>ries (f any fluid :i* may be 9 ! drum1 & prev5ts x f be+ *ok$ by its own moi/ure4 ,x is n always op51 h[ev]1 b is op5$ dur+ ! act ( swall[+1 by a little muscle :i* is atta*$ to x j z x rea*es ! ?roat4 ,mo/ p]sons c di/9ctly feel t ?is is ! case1 by g5tly clos+ ! nose & swall[+1 :5 a di/9ct s5sation is felt 9 ! e>s4 ,?is s5sation is due to a little air be+ drawn out ( ! e>s ?r\gh ! op5 tube dur+ swall[+2 & x la/s = a few m9utes1 unless ! air is aga9 re/or$ by swall[+ ) ! nose unclos$1 :i* all[s = ! mom5t a free communication betwe5 ! e> & ! ?roat4 ,we ?us see a reason = ! tube be+ clos$4 ,if x 7 always op51 all ! s\nds produc$ 9 ! ?roat w\ld pass directly into ! drum ( ! e>1 & totally confuse u4 ,we %\ld he> e brea?1 & live 9 a con/ant bewild]m5t ( int]nal s\nds4 ,at ! same "t ! closure1 be+ b a light contact ( ! walls ( ! tube1 easily all[s a slight escape ( air f ! drum1 & ?us n only facilitates & regulates ! oscillations ( ! air be=e ! vibrat+ membrane1 b provides a safety valve1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 aga9/ ! injuri\s influ5ce ( l\d s\nds4 ,! *ief use ( ! ,eu/a*ian tube is to all[ a free int]*ange ( air betwe5 ! e> & ! ?roat1 & x is v important t its use 9 ?is respect %\ld be und]/ood4 ,p]sons :o g d[n 9 div+ bells soon beg9 to feel a great pressure 9 ! e>s1 &1 if ! dep? is great1 ! feel+ becomes extremely pa9ful4 ,?is arises f ! fact t 9 ! div+ bell ! pressure ( ! air is v mu* increas$1 9 ord] to balance ! weight ( ! wat] above2 & ?us x presses ) great =ce ^u ! membrane ( ! drum1 :i*1 if ! ,eu/a*ian tube has be5 kept clos$1 has only ! ord9>y uncompress$ air on ! inn] side to su/a9 x4 ,x is !re=e =c$ inw>d & put ^u ! /ret*1 & might be ev5 brok54 ,_m cases1 inde$1 h occurr$ ( injury to ! e>1 produc+ p]man5t deafness1 f desc5ts 9 div+ bells1 und]tak5 by p]sons ignorant ( ! way 9 :i* ! e> is made2 ?\gh ! simple precaution ( frequ5t swall[+ suffices to w>d (f all mis*ief4 ,=1 if ! ,eu/a*ian tube is ?us op5$1 aga9 & aga91 z ! pressure ( ! outside air increases1 ! same compress$ air t exi/s outside passes also into ! inside ( ! drum1 & ! membrane is equally press$ ^u f bo? sides by ! air1 & s is free f /ra94 ,! same precaution is necess>y 9 asc5d+ l(ty m\nta9s4-- ,,dr4 ,,james ,,h9ton4 ,,! ,,color$ ,,curta9 ,,9 ,,! ,,eye 7p4 #bch74--,?is r+-l curta9 9 ! eye1 ( gray1 gre51 blui%-gre51 br[n1 & o!r colors1 is "o among ! v _m rem>kable contrivances ( ! organic _w4 ,! eye c n be> ! entrance ( too mu* light1 & ! color$ curta9 s regulates its own movem5ts z to s]ve ?is requirem5t4 ,! d>k circul> ap]ture 9 ! c5t]1 kn[n z ! pupil1 is consequ5tly =ev] alt]+ 9 size2 on a bright1 sun%9y day1 out 9 ! op51 x may be only ! size ( a p9's head1 b at night1 :5 !re is no light /rong] ?an />light1 x is ev5 bigg] ?an a pea4 ,! eye curta9 is fix$ at its out] edge1 leav+ ! inn] edge to contract or exp&1 :i* x does automatically & q indep5d5t ( ! w1 ev] pres]v+ its circul> outl9e4 ,its movem5ts may be wat*$ 9 a v>iety ( ways1 "s ( :i* we %all describe4 ,! common way ( wat*+ ! movem5ts ( ! iris is to reg>d x closely 9 a look+-glass :ile ! am\nt ( light ent]+ ! eyes is v>i$4 ,place y\rself be=e a look+-glass & ) y\r face to ! w9d[4 ,probably ! iris w be exp&$1 & !re w only be a v small op5+ or pupil 9 ! c5t]4 ,n[ %ut "o eye sudd5ly1 :ile n>r[ly wat*+ ! o!r 9 ! glass all ! "t4 ,at ! mom5t ! light is cut (f f "o eye1 ! iris ( ! o!r contracts or is drawn up s z to enl>ge ! pupil4 ,?is %[s t !re is a rem>kable int]dep5d5ce betwe5 ! curta9s ( ! two eyes1 z well z t !y are affect$ by v>iations 9 ! quantity ( light fall+ on !m4 ,p]haps "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ways ( wat*+ ! movem5ts ( ^! sympa!tic eye curta9s is "o :i* may be foll[$ :ile y are out walk+ on ! /reet "s d>k w9t] night4 ,a gas lamp se5 at a di/ance is1 comp>atively speak+1 a po9t ( light1 ) b>s ( light emanat+ f x 9 _m directions4 ,^! b>s1 :i* give ! peculi> spok$ appe>ance to a />1 are probably =m$ by optical defects ( ! l5s )9 ! eye1 or by ! te> fluid on ! ext]ior surface ( ! eye1 or by a comb9ation ( all ^! causes4 ,be t z x may1 ! l5g?s ( ! spokes ( light are limit$ by ! inn] m>g9 ( ! eye curta92 if ! curta9 be drawn up1 !n ! spokes are long2 if ! curta9 be let d[n1 or1 9 o!r words1 if ! pupil be v small & contract$1 !n "o c n see any spokes at all4 ,h5ce1 z ,i look at a di/ant gaslight1 ) its radiat+ gold5 spokes1 ,i am look+ at some?+ :i* w give me a sure indication ( any movem5ts ( ! eye curta9s4 ,i /rike a mat* & all[ its light to fall into ! eyes2 ! spokes ( ! di/ant gas lamp h retreat$ into ! po9t ( flame z if by magic2 z ,i take ! burn+ mat* away f be=e my eyes1 ! spokes ( ! gas-lamp v5ture =? aga94 ,! exp]im5t may be utiliz$ to see h[ mu* light is requir$ to move ! w9d[ curta9s ( ! eyes4 ,suppose y are walk+ t[>d two gas lamps1 ,a & ,b2 ,b ab\t fifty y>ds beh9d ,a4 ,if y /eadfa/ly look at ,b & at ! gold5 spokes app>5tly issu+ f x1 y may make ^! spokes a te/ ( h[ soon ! light ( ,a w move y\r iris4 ,z y gradually approa* ,a1 y come at la/ to a position :]e its light is /rong en\gh to make ! spokes ( ,b beg9 to %ort52 a little ne>] /ill & !y vani% altoge!r4 ,i h f\nd t ab\t a ?ird ( ! light :i* is compet5t to contract ! pupil v m>k$ly w s]ve to comm5ce its movem5t4--,,william ,,ackroyd4 ,,purk9je',s ,,figures 7p4 #bbb74--,/& 9 a d>k room ) a light$ c&le 9 h&4 ,%utt+ ! left1 hold ! c&le v ne> ! "r eye1 )9 ?ree or f\r in*es1 obliquely outw>d & =w>d1 s t ! light %all /rongly illum9ate ! ret9a4 ,n[ move ! light ab\t g5tly1 upw>d1 d[nw>d1 back & =?1 :ile y gaze int5tly on ! wall opposite4 ,pres5tly ! field ( view becomes d>k f ! int5se impression ( ! light1 & !n1 z y move ! light ab\t1 !re appe>s project$ on ! wall & cov]+ its :ole surface1 a %ad[y1 gho/-l image1 l a bran*+1 leafless tree1 or l a great bodiless spid] ) _m bran*+ legs4 ,:at is x8 ,x is an exact b enl>g$ image ( ! blood vessels ( ! ret9a4 ,^! come 9 at ! entrance ( ! optic n]ve1 ramify 9 ! middle lay]1 & !re=e 9 ! /rong light ca/ _! %ad[s on ! bacill>y lay] ( ! ret9a4 ,! impression ( ^! %ad[s is project$ outw>d into ! field ( view1 & se5 !re z an enl>g$ %ad[y image4 ,^! h be5 call$ ,purk9je's ,figures1 f ! discov]]4--,,pr(4 ,,joseph ,,le ,,conte1 9 ,sight4 ,,xi4 ,,app5dix4 ,,que/ions ,,= ,,class ,,use4 ,! que/ions include ! ,notes & ! ,select$ ,read+s4 ,! figures ref] to ! pages4 ,,introduction4 ,illu/rate ! value ( physiological k4 ,:y %\ld physiology be /udi$ 9 y\?8 ,:5 are our habits =m$8 ,h[ d habits help u8 ,:y %\ld *ildr5 prize ! lessons ( exp]i5ce8 ,h[ does ,nature puni% a violation ( h] laws8 ,"n "s ( ,nature's laws4 ,:at is ! p5alty ( _! violation8 ,"n "s bad habits & _! puni%m5ts4 ,"s good habits & _! rew>ds4 ,h[ d ! "y ru9 _! heal?8 ,comp>e "o's con/itution ) a deposit 9 ! bank4 ,c "o 9 y\? lay up heal? z he c money = middle or old age8 ,is n ! pres]vation ( "o's heal? a moral duty8 ,:at is suicide8 ,,! ,,skeleton4 #c4 ,h[ _m bones are !re 9 ! body8 ,is ! numb] fix$8 ,is ! l5g? ( ! diff]5t bones proportional8 ,:at is an organ8 ,a function8 ,"n ! ?ree uses ( ! bones4 ,:y d ! bones h su* diff]5t %apes8 #d4 ,:y are c]ta9 bones holl[8 ,r\nd8 ,illu/rate4 ,comp>e ! resi/+ prop]ty ( bone ) t ( solid oak4 ,:at is ! composition ( bone8 ,h[ does x v>y8 ,h[ c y remove ! m9]al matt]8 ,! animal matt]8 ,:y is a burn$ bone :ite & por\s8 ,:at food d dogs f9d 9 bones8 #e4 ,:at is ! use ( ea* ( ! con/itu5ts ( a bone8 ,:at is boneblack8 ,:at is ossification8 ,:y are n ! bones ( *ildr5 z easily brok5 z ^? ( ag$ p]sons8 ,:y d !y unite s mu* quick]8 ,:at are ! fontanelles8 #f4 ,describe ! /ructure ( a bone4 ,:at is ! object ( ! fill+8 ,:y does ! am\nt v>y 9 diff]5t p>ts ( a bone8 ,:at is ! appe>ance ( a bone se5 ?r\gh a microscope8 #g4 ,:at is ! p]io/eum8 ,is a bone once remov$ ev] re/or$8 ,:at are ! lacun8 ,! ,hav]sian canals8 ,:y s call$8 ,ans4 ,f _! discov]]1 ,hav]s4 ,def9e a bone4 ,footnote3 ,bone /ructure may be summ>iz$ z foll[s3 ,a bone is a collection ( ,hav]sian elem5ts1 or rods4 ,an ,hav]sian elem5t consi/s ( a tube surr\nd$ by lamell1 :i* conta9 lacun1 connect$ by canaliculi4--,,dr4 ,t4 ,b4 ,,/[ell4 ,:at occupies ! lacun8 ,ans4 ,! bone cells 7o/eobla/s74 ,h[ d bones gr[8 #h4 ,illu/rate4 ,h[ does a brok5 bone heal8 ,h[ rapidly is bone produc$8 ,illu/rate4 ,objects ( spl9ts8 ,describe h[ a jo9t is pack$4 ,lubricat$4 #i4 ,h[ are ! bones ti$ toge!r8 ,:at is a tissue8 ,illu/rate4 ,"n ! ?ree g5]al divisions ( ! bones4 ,:at is ! object ( ! skull8 ,:i* bone is movable8 ,h[ is ! l[] jaw h+$8 ,describe ! con/ruction ( ! skull4 ,:at is a suture8 #aj4 ,tell h[ ! peculi> =m & /ructure ( ! skull adapt x = its use4 ,illu/rate ! imp5etrability ( ! skull4 #aa4 ,describe ! exp]im5t ( ! balls4 ,:at does x %[8 ,:at two cavities are 9 ! trunk8 ,"n its pr9cipal bones4 ,describe ! sp9e4 #ab4 ,:at is ! object ( ! processes8 ,( ! pads8 ,:y is a man %ort] at night ?an 9 ! morn+8 ,describe ! p]fection ( ! sp9e4 #ac4 ,describe ! articulation ( ! skull ) ! sp9e4 ,:y is ! atlas s call$8 #ad4 ,describe ! ribs4 ,:at is ! natural =m ( ! *e/8 ,:y is x made 9 sep>ate pieces8 ,h[ does ! oblique position ( ! ribs aid 9 respiration8 7,see note1 p4 #hj47 #ae4 ,h[ d ! hipbones give solidity8 ,:at two sets ( limbs bran* f ! trunk8 ,/ate _! mutual resemblance4 ,"n ! bones ( ! %\ld]4 ,describe ! coll> bone4 #af4 ,describe ! %\ld] blade4 ,c y describe ! indirect articulation ( ! %\ld] blade ) ! trunk8 ,"n ! bones ( ! arm4 ,describe ! %\ld] jo9t4 ,! elb[-jo9t4 #ag4 ,describe ! wri/4 ,"n ! bones ( ! h&4 ,h[ _m bones 9 ! f+]s8 ,! ?umb8 ,:at gives ! ?umb its fre$om ( motion8 #ah1 #ai4 ,"n & describe ! f+]s4 ,9 :at lies ! p]fection ( ! h&8 ,h[ d ! ge/ures ( ! h& en=ce our ideas & feel+s8 ,describe ! hip jo9t4 ,:at gives ! upp] limbs m fre$om ( motion ?an ! l[]8 ,h[ does ! pressure ( ! air aid u 9 walk+8 ,illu/rate4 #bj4 ,"n ! bones ( ! l[] limbs4 ,describe ! knee jo9t4 ,! patella4 ,:at is ! use ( ! fibula8 ,c y %[ h[ ! l[] extremity ( ! fibula1 bel[ its juncture ) ! tibia1 is prolong$ to =m a "p ( ! ankle jo9t8 ,"n ! bones ( ! foot4 ,:at is ! use ( ! ar* ( ! foot8 ,:at makes ! /ep ela/ic8 ,describe ! action ( ! foot z we /ep4 #ba4 ,9 graceful walk+1 %\ld ! toes or ! heel t\* ! gr\nd fir/8 ,:at are ! causes ( de=m$ feet8 ,:at is ! natural position ( ! big toe8 ,did y ev] see a big toe ly+ 9 a /raight l9e ) ! foot1 z %[n 9 /atu>y & pa9t+s8 ,h[ %\ld we h our boots & %oes made8 ,:at are ! effects ( high heels8 ,( n>r[ heels8 ,( n>r[ toes8 ,( tight-lac$ boots8 ,( ?9 soles8 ,:at are ! rickets8 ,cause ( ?is disease8 ,cure8 ,is !re any provision = rem$y+ defects 9 ! body8 ,"n "o4 #bb1 #bc4 ,:at is a felon8 ,cure8 ,cause ( b[legs8 ,h[ c !y be prev5t$8 ,causes ( sp9al curvature8 ,cure8 ,:at is ! correct position 9 sitt+ at "o's desk8 ,is !re any necessity = walk+ & sitt+ erect8 ,any advantage aside f heal?8 ,describe ! bad effects ( a /oop+ position4 ,:at is a spra98 ,:y does x ne$ special c>e8 ,:at is a dislocation8 ,h[ is x g5]ally caus$8 ,h[ soon %\ld x be treat$8 #bfi4 ,:at relation does man1 9 8 g5]al /ructure1 be> to o!r v]tebrates8 ,m5tion "s m>k$ physical peculi>ities :i* di/+ui% him f ! l[] mammals4 #bgj1 #bga4 ,describe ! /ate ( a fracture a week aft] its occurr5ce4 ,:at is ?is new =mation call$8 ,:at m>ks ! t]m9ation ( ! fir/ /age ( curative progress8 ,h[ d ! brok5 ends ( ! bone n[ appe>8 ,:at is ! /ate ( ! fracture at ! end ( ! second /age8 ,:at is ! condition ( ! callus at ?is "t8 ,describe ! ?ird & la/ s]ies ( *anges4 ,is ! process ( union complet$ soon] 9 old p or 9 "y8 ,9 ! upp] or l[] extremities8 ,9 small] animals or man8 ,:at l5g? ( "t is requir$ to heal a brok5 arm8 ,a brok5 leg8 #bgb4 ,:at gives ! human h& its peculi> preh5sile p[]8 ,:at advantage has ! human ?umb ov] t ( ! ape8 ,comp>e ! foot ( man ) t ( ! ape4 ,:at peculi>ity ( ! foot is p>ticul>ly noticeable 9 man8 ,contra/ ! function ( ! great toe 9 man & 9 ! ape4 #bgc4 ,are ! toes naturally flexible8 ,h[ are _! p[]s crippl$8 ,give an in/ance 9 :i* ! toes 7 tra9$ to d ! "w ( ! f+]s4 #bgd4 ,:y are an ela/ic /ep & a graceful c>riage su* r>e accompli%m5ts8 ,:at is ! natural %ape ( ! foot8 ,:i* is ! long]1 ! great toe or ! second toe8 ,is an ev5-sid$ symmetry necess>y to ! beauty ( a boot8 ,,! ,,muscles4 #bi4 ,:at relations d ! skeleton & ! muscles be> to ea* o!r8 ,h[ is ! skeleton conceal$8 ,:y is x ! image ( dea?8 ,:at are ! muscles8 ,h[ _m are !re8 ,:at peculi> prop]ty h !y8 ,"n o!r prop]ties ( muscles4 ,ans4 ,tonicity1 ela/icity4 #cj4 ,h[ are !y arrang$8 ,:]e is ! biceps8 ,! triceps8 ,h[ d ! muscles move ! limbs8 ,illu/rate4 ,:at is ! cause ( squ9t+8 ,cure8 7,see p4 #bdd47 #ca4 ,"n & def9e ! two k9ds ( muscles4 ,illu/rate ea*4 ,:at is ! /ructure ( a muscle8 ,( :at is a fibril itself compos$8 ,h[ does ! peculi> con/ruction ( ! muscle conf] /r5g?8 #cb4 ,describe ! t5dons4 ,:at is _! use8 ,illu/rate ! advantages ( ?is mode ( atta*m5t4 #cc4 ,:at two special arrangem5ts ( ! t5dons 9 ! h&8 ,_! use8 ,h[ is ! rot>y motion ( ! eye obta9$8 #cd1 #ce4 ,:at is a lev]8 ,describe ! ?ree classes ( lev]s4 ,illu/rate ea*4 ,describe ! head z a lev]4 ,:at p>ts ( ! body illu/rate ! ?ree k9ds ( lev]s8 ,give an illu/ration ( ! second class ( lev]s4 ,! ?ird class4 ,:y is ! ,t5don ( ,a*illes s nam$8 ,:at is ! advantage ( ! ?ird class ( lev]s8 ,:y desirable 9 ! h&8 ,:at class ( lev] is ! l[] jaw8 #cf4 ,:at advantages are ga9$ by ! enl>gem5t ( ! bones at ! jo9ts8 ,illu/rate4 ,h[ d we /& erect8 ,is x an involunt>y act8 #cg4 ,:y c n a *ild walk at once1 z _m "y animals d8 ,:y c we n hold up ! head easily :5 we walk on all f\rs8 ,:y c n an animal /& erect z man does8 #ch4 ,describe ! process ( walk+4 ,%[ t walk+ is a process ( fall+4 ,describe ! process ( runn+4 ,:at causes ! sw++ ( ! h& 9 walk+8 ,:y are we %ort] :5 walk+8 ,footnote3 ,/& a boy erect aga9/ a wall4 ,m>k 8 height ) a /ick4 ,n[ h him /ep (f a "p ( a pace1 & !n sev]al :ole paces4 ,next1 let him close 8 eyes1 & walk to ! wall aga94 ,he w be p]ceptibly l[] ?an ! /ick1 until he /raight5s up once m f a walk+ position4 ,:y does a p]son :5 lo/ (t5 g 9 a circle8 ,9 :i* direction does "o always turn 9 t case8 ,footnote3 ,take sev]al boys into a smoo? grass lot4 ,set up a /ick at a di/ance = !m to walk t[>d4 ,te/ ! boys1 to f9d :i* are left-h&$1 or "r-h&$2 :i* left-legg$ or "r-legg$4 ,!n bl9dfold ! boys & let !m walk1 z !y ?9k1 t[>d ! m>k4 ,see :o v>ies t[>d ! "r1 & :o turns to ! left4 #ci4 ,:at is ! muscul> s5se8 ,value ( educat+ x8 ,h[ d we gratify x8 #dj4 ,:at effect has ex]cise ^u a muscle8 ,is !re any dang] 9 viol5t ex]cise8 ,= :at purpose %\ld we ex]cise8 ,%\ld ex]cise be 9 ! op5 air8 ,:at is ! rule = ex]cise8 ,is a "y p]son excusable1 :o leads a s$5t>y life1 & yet takes no daily outdoor ex]cise8 ,:at w be ,nature's p5alty = su* a violation ( h] law8 ,w a po/ponem5t ( ! p5alty %[ t we h escap$ x8 #da4 ,ought a s*ol> to /udy dur+ ! "t ( recess8 ,w a prom5ade 9 ! vitiat$ air ( ! s*oolroom furni% suitable ex]cise8 ,:at is ! be/ "t = tak+ ex]cise8 ,:at class ( p]sons c safely ex]cise be=e breakfa/8 #db4 ,:at are ! advantages ( ! diff]5t k9ds ( ex]cise8 ,%\ld we n walk m8 ,:at is ! g5]al influ5ce ^u ! body ( vigor\s ex]cise8 #dc4 ,/ate "s ( ! wond]s ( ! muscles4 ,:at is ! ,/4 ,vitus's ,dance8 ,cure8 #dd4 ,:at are convulsions8 ,:at is ! lock$-jaw8 ,causes8 ,! g\t8 ,cause8 ,cure8 ,! rheumatism8 ,its two =ms8 ,peculi>ity ( ! acute8 #de4 ,dang] 9 acute rheumatism8 ,9 :at does *ronic rheumatism (t5 result8 ,:at is lumbago8 ,give in/ances4 ,:at is a ganglion8 ,its cure8 ,a bursa8 #bge4 ,:at is meant by ! orig9 ( a muscle8 ,! atta*m5t8 ,is a muscle always ext5d$ betwe5 two contigu\s bones8 ,give an illu/ration4 ,c ! po9ts ( orig9 & ( atta*m5t *ange (fices8 ,illu/rate4 ,:at is an important consequ5ce ( ! atta*m5t ( ! muscles to ! bones8 ,if1 9 ! limb ( a dead body1 "o end ( a muscle is sep>at$ f its po9t ( atta*m5t1 :at occurs8 ,w\ld ! result be ! same dur+ life8 ,to :at is ?is ph5om5on due8 #bgf4 ,:y are ! muscles cont9ually /riv+ to %ort58 ,describe ! effect :5 sev]al oppos+ muscles are atta*$ to "o bone4 ,:5 is ! balanc$ position ( ! limbs be/ obs]v$8 ,are ! muscles always atta*$ to bones8 ,give example4 ,h[ does ! fle% ( man diff] f t ( an ox8 ,h[ may ! /ructure ( muscul> fib]s be rudely illu/rat$8 ,describe smoo? muscle fib]s4 ,h[ d !y diff] f /riat$ muscle fib]s8 #bgg4 ,9 :at =m d smoo? muscle fib]s frequ5tly occur8 ,9 su* cases1 h[ are !y usually arrang$8 ,:at is ! effect ( _! contraction8 ,( :at especial use is ?is p[] 9 case ( ! small] art]ies8 ,9 case ( ! inte/9e8 #bgh4 ,9 ! latt] in/ance1 h[ does ! contraction take place8 ,are ! /riat$ muscle fib]s volunt>y or involunt>y8 ,"n an exception to ?is rule4 ,give o!r peculi>ities ( ! muscle fib]s ( ! he>t4 ,:at causes ! contraction ( smoo? muscle fib]s8 ,( /riat$ muscle fib]s8 ,:y d little *ildr5 seldom injure !mselves by ov]ex]tion8 ,h[ is ! dang] increas$ 9 y\?8 #bgi4 ,:at class ( p are 9 mo/ p]il f viol5t or excessive ex]cise8 ,:y8 ,at :at age %\ld "o cease f ha/e ( all k9ds8 ,give in/ances ( valuable lives lo/ f p]sonal imprud5ce4 #bhj4 ,:at are ! effects ( insuffici5t ex]cise ^u ! "y8 ,h[ does x pr$ispose to disease8 ,:at makes ! *ildr5 ( ! labor+ classes s h>dy8 ,is a regulation /ep desirable 9 walk+8 ,:y n8 ,:y is x m fatigu+ to walk uphill ?an on level gr\nd8 #bha4 ,h[ does ! managem5t ( ! brea? affect ?is fatigue8 ,h[ %\ld a belt be worn1 if us$ dur+ ex]cise8 ,c o!r =ms ( ex]cise be successfully sub/itut$ = walk+8 ,:y n8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce 9 movem5t betwe5 walk+ & skat+8 ,:i* is ! bett] ex]cise8 ,:at are ! dang]s f skat+8 ,:at precaution %\ld be us$ by ^? :o h weak ankles8 #bhb4 ,"n ! diff]5t action ( ! muscles 9 ! =w>d & backw>d movem5ts 9 r[+4 ,:at is ! comp>ative value ( r[+ z an ex]cise8 ,:y is x especially desirable = wom58 ,h[ %\ld wom5 dress :5 r[+1 horseback rid+1 t5nis play+1 etc48 ,:at rules %\ld be obs]v$ by r[]s8 ,:y %\ld ! brea? be all[$ to escape :ile ! o> is 9 ! wat]8 #bhc4 ,:at sanit>y measures %\ld be obs]v$ aft] a r[8 ,:at effect has too frequ5t & too prolong$ imm]sion on "y swimm]s8 ,does swimm+ require mu* muscul> ex]tion8 ,:y8 ,:y does an occasional swimm] become exhau/$ soon] ?an an exp]i5c$ "o8 ,on :at d ease & spe$ 9 swimm+ dep5d8 ,is ! habit ( div+ desirable8 ,%\ld div+ ev] be practic$ 9 %all[ wat]8 #bhd4 ,:y is lawn t5nis ! mo/ desirable ( outdoor games8 ,ans4 ,n only because ne>ly e muscle ( ! body is br\ght into ex]cise1 b because x is "o ( ! few field sports 9 :i* wom5 c gracefully jo94 ,9 ?is x %>es ! honor ) croquet4 ,:at are ! dang]s att5dant on lawn t5nis8 ,f :at d _m ( !m arise8 ,:y %\ld t5nis %oes h heels8 ,to :at class ( p is horseback rid+ p>ticul>ly suit$8 ,:at class ( invalids %\ld n indulge 9 bicycl+ & tricycl+8 ,to :at class is x peculi>ly b5eficial8 #bhe4 ,:at are ! dang]s att5dant on baseball games8 ,football8 ,:5 may light & heavy gymna/ics be pr(itably employ$8 ,"n a suffici5t app>atus4 ,:at are ! objections to gymnasium ex]cise8 ,its advantages8 ,,! ,,sk94 #di4 ,:at are ! uses ( ! sk98 ,describe its adaptation to its place4 ,:at is its function z an organ8 ,describe ! /ructure ( ! sk94 ,! s5sitiv5ess ( ! cutis4 ,! ins5sitiv5ess ( ! cuticle4 #ej4 ,h[ is ! sk9 con/antly *ang+8 ,! %ape & numb] ( ! cells8 ,value ( ! cuticle8 ,h[ is ! cuticle =m$8 ,ans4 ,by secretion f ! cutis4 #ea4 ,:at is ! complexion8 ,its cause8 ,:y is a sc> :ite8 ,:at is ! cause ( tann+8 ,:at are freckles8 ,alb9os8 ,describe ! action ( ! sun on ! sk94 #eb4 ,:y are ! hairs & ! nails spok5 ( "u ! title ( ! sk98 ,uses ( ! hair8 ,its /ructure8 ,h[ c x be exam9$8 ,:at is ! hair bulb8 ,:at is x call$8 ,h[ does a hair gr[8 ,at :at rate8 ,:5 c x be re/or$1 if de/roy$8 ,does hair gr[ aft] dea?8 #ec4 ,:5 hair has become gray1 c its orig9al color be naturally re/or$8 ,:at is ! dang] ( hair dyes8 ,are !y ( any real value8 ,h[ c ! hair /& on end8 ,h[ d horses move _! sk98 ,is !re any feel+ 9 a hair8 #ed4 ,illu/rate ! inde/ructibility ( ! hair4 ,:at are ! uses ( ! nails8 ,h[ d ! nails gr[8 ,:at is ! muc\s membrane8 #ee4 ,its composition8 ,! connective tissue8 ,:y s call$8 ,:at uses does x subs]ve8 #ef4 ,:at is its "*8 ,h[ does ! fat exi/ 9 ! body8 ,its uses8 ,/ate ! v>i\s uses ( membrane 9 ! body4 ,:]e is !re no fat8 ,:]e is !re always fat8 #eg4 ,:y are ! tee? spok5 ( 9 connection ) ! muc\s membrane8 ,"n & describe ! f\r k9ds ( tee?4 ,:at are ! milk tee?8 ,describe !m4 ,:at tee? appe> fir/8 #eh4 ,give ! ord] & age at :i* !y appe>4 ,:5 d ! p]man5t tee? appe>8 ,describe _! gr[?4 ,:i* "o comes fir/8 ,la/8 #ei4 ,describe ! /ructure ( ! tee?4 ,h[ are ! tee? fitt$ 9 ! jaw8 #fj4 ,:y d ! tee? decay8 ,:at c>e %\ld be tak5 ( ! tee?8 ,:at caution %\ld be obs]v$8 ,:at are ! oil gl&s8 #fa4 ,use ( ?is secretion8 ,:at are ! p]spiratory gl&s8 ,/ate _! numb]4 ,_! total l5g?4 ,:at are ! pores ( ! sk98 #fb1 #fc4 ,:at is ! p]spiration8 ,:at is ! con/itution ( ! p]spiration8 ,illu/rate its value4 ,"n ! ?ree uses ( ! sk94 ,illu/rate ! absorb+ p[] ( ! sk94 ,:at precaution %\ld be obs]v$ 9 h&l+ a dead body8 ,:y are cosmetics & hair dyes injuri\s8 ,:at relation exi/s betwe5 ! sk9 & ! lungs8 ,:at lesson does ?is tea*8 ,:5 is ! be/ "t = a ba?8 ,:y8 #fd1 #fe4 ,:at is ! value ( friction8 ,:y %\ld n a ba? be tak5 j be=e or aft] a meal8 ,is an excess ( soap b5eficial8 ,:at is ! reaction8 ,expla9 its invigorat+ influ5ce4 ,h[ is x secur$8 ,g5]al effect ( a cold ba?8 ,( a w>m ba?8 ,if we feel *illy & depress$ aft] a ba?1 :at is ! tea*+8 ,describe ! ,russian vapor ba?4 ,:y is ! sea ba? s /imulat+8 #ff4 ,h[ long %\ld "o rema9 9 any ba?8 ,h[ does clo?+ keep u w>m8 ,expla9 ! use ( l95 z an article ( clo?+4 ,cotton4 ,wool4 ,flannel4 ,h[ c we be/ protect ourselves aga9/ ! *anges ( our climate8 #fg4 ,:at color$ clo?+ is be/ adapt$ = all seasons8 ,value ( ! nap8 ,furs8 ,?ick vs4 ?9 clo?+8 ,%\ld we we> ?ick clo?+ dur+ ! day1 & 9 ! ev5+ put on ?9 clo?+8 ,c *ildr5 endure exposure bett] ?an gr[n p]sons8 ,:at is ! erysipelas8 ,h[ reliev$8 #fh1 #fi4 ,eczema8 ,:at d its v>i\s =ms d5ote8 ,corns8 ,cause8 ,cure8 ,+r[+ nails8 ,cure8 ,w>ts8 ,cure8 ,*ilbla98 ,cause8 ,prev5tive8 #bhf4 ,"n "s causes ( baldness4 ,give ,dr4 ,ni*ols's op9ion4 ,:y is frequ5t %ampoo+ inadvisable8 ,"o probable reason :y wom5 are less frequ5tly bald ?an m58 ,:at is ! be/ g5]al treatm5t = ! hair & scalp8 ,^u :at does ! color ( ! hair ma9ly dep5d8 #bhg4 ,9 cases ( sudd5 blan*+ ( ! hair :at is ! effect ^u ! pigm5t8 ,give an illu/ration4 ,h[ d ! extra air bubbles f9d _! way into ! hair8 ,does air naturally exi/ 9 ! hair8 ,:at relation d ! nails be> to ! sc>fsk98 #bhh4 ,:at causes ! horny appe>ance ( ! nails8 ,describe ! root ( ! nail 9 its relation to ! s5sitive & ! sc>fsk94 ,^u :at does ! nail re/8 ,:at is its appe>ance8 ,:at is ! lunula8 ,:y is x light] ?an ! re/ ( ! nail8 ,h[ does ! nail increase 9 l5g?8 ,9 ?ickness8 ,:]e is ! greate/ ?ickness8 ,h[ does ! gr[? ( ! nail dur+ disease comp>e ) its gr[? 9 heal?8 #bhi4 ,h[ long does x take ! ?umb nail to gr[ f its root to its free extremity8 ,! great toe8 ,give g5]al rules = ! c>e ( ! nails4 ,h[ does physical cleanl9ess promote moral purity8 ,:at does its neglect indicate8 #bij4 ,:at especial c>e %\ld be tak5 9 reg>d to ! feet8 ,:y8 ,are ba?s a mod]n ref9em5t8 ,:at c y say ab\t ! anci5t ,greek & ,roman ba?s8 ,:at con/itutes ! value ( ! ,turki% ba?8 #bia4 ,:at class ( p %\ld nev] use ?is ba?8 ,to :at class ( invalids is x p>ticul>ly b5eficial8 ,is sea ba?+ advisable = p]sons ( all ages8 ,h[ %\ld an inexp]i5c$ sea ba!r beg98 ,:5 %\ld ! sea ba? be tak58 #bib4 ,h[ long %\ld a delicate p]son rema9 9 ! wat]8 ,/ate ! dang] ( ba?+ :5 ov]heat$4 ,"u :at conditions ( body & ( temp]ature %\ld sea or riv] ba?+ be avoid$8 ,:y8 ,give illu/ration ( ! ,engli% soldi]4 ,h[ %\ld ! temp]ature ( ! wat]1 9 ba?+1 comp>e ) t ( ! air8 ,( ! body8 #bic4 ,describe ! ba!rs' cramp4 ,:at are its causes8 ,:at precaution %\ld be us$ by ba!rs 9 reg>d to ! m\? & e>s8 ,:y8 #bid4 ,h[ c a p]son :o does n "k h[ to swim1 save himself f dr[n+8 #bie4 ,:at are ! advantages ( wool5 clo?+8 ,:y is x p>ticul>ly desirable 9 mal>ial c\ntries8 ,:at d\ble purpose does wool5 clo?+ s]ve 9 semitropical climates8 #bif4 ,does ! w>m? ( clo?+ dep5d on its weight8 ,:at errors are (t5 made & ) :at effect8 ,/ate :at is said 9 reg>d to poison\s dyes 9 we>+ app>el4 ,give illu/ration4 #big4 ,:at effect has uncleanly attire on ! heal?8 ,does ?is apply to out] z well z "u g>m5ts8 ,,respiration ,,& ,,! ,,voice4 #gc4 ,"n ! organs ( respiration & ! voice4 ,describe ! l>ynx4 ,! epiglottis4 ,! sophagus4 ,:at is meant by food go+ ! wrong way8 #gd4 ,describe ! vocal cords4 ,_! use4 ,h[ is s\nd produc$8 #ge4 ,h[ are ! high] tones ( ! voice produc$8 ,! l[]8 ,^u :at does l\dness dep5d8 ,a falsetto voice8 ,:at is ! cause ( ! voice *ang+8 ,:at is spee*8 ,is ! tongue necess>y to spee*8 ,illu/rate4 7,see also page #bih47 #gf4 ,:at is vocalization8 ,h[ are talk+ ma*9es made8 #gg4 ,h[ is a =m$ by ! voice8 ,:at is h8 ,diff]5ce betwe5 a sigh & a groan8 ,:at v[el s\nds are made 9 laugh+8 ,does :i/l+ dep5d on ! voice8 ,tell h[ ! v>i\s consonants are =m$4 ,:at are ! labials8 ,! d5tals8 ,! l+uals8 ,:at v[els does a *ild pron\nce fir/8 #gh4 ,describe ! w9dpipe4 ,! bron*i4 ,! bron*ial tubes4 ,:y is ! tra*ea s call$8 ,describe ! /ructure ( ! lungs4 ,:at are ! lungs ( slaught]$ animals call$8 ,:y w a piece ( ! lungs float on wat]8 #gi4 ,"n ! wrapp+s ( ! lungs4 ,describe ! pleura4 ,h[ is friction prev5t$8 ,:at are ! cilia8 ,_! use8 #hj4 ,:at two acts con/itute respiration8 ,9 :at two ways may ! position ( ! ribs *ange ! capacity ( ! *e/8 ,describe ! process ( inspiration4 ,describe ! diaphragm4 #ha4 ,:at is ! process ( expiration8 ,h[ (t5 d we brea!8 ,:at is sigh+8 ,c\gh+8 ,sneez+8 ,snor+8 ,laugh+8 ,cry+8 #hb4 ,describe hicc\gh4 ,yawn+4 ,its value8 ,:at is meant by ! brea?+ capacity8 ,h[ does x v>y8 ,h[ mu*1 9 addition1 c ! lungs expel =cibly8 ,h[ mu* ( ! brea?+ capacity is available only ?r\gh practice8 ,value ( ?is extra supply8 ,c we expel all ! air f our lungs8 ,value ( ?is con/ant supply8 #hc4 ,h[ con/ant is ! ne$ ( air8 ,:at is ! vital elem5t ( ! air8 ,describe ! action ( ! oxyg5 9 our lungs4 ,:at does ! blood give up8 ,ga98 ,:at are ! con/itu5ts ( ! air8 ,:at are ! peculi> prop]ties & uses ( ea*8 #hd4 ,h[ c we te/ ! air we exhale8 ,:at does its analysis reveal8 ,:i* is ! mo/ dang]\s con/itu5t8 ,:at occurs :5 we rebrea! exhal$ air8 #he4 ,describe its evil effects4 ,:at is d5ot$ by ! ,black ,hole ( ,calcutta8 ,give o!r illu/rations ( ! dang]s ( bad air4 ,describe ! ne$ ( v5tilation4 ,w a s+le brea? pollute ! air8 #hf-ie4 ,h[ c we detect ! float+ impurities 9 ! air8 ,:at is ! influ5ce ( a fire or a light8 ,( a hot /ove8 ,:5 is ! v5tilation p]fect8 ,:at diseases are l>gely ow+ to bad air8 ,%\ld ! w9d[s & doors be tightly clos$1 if we h no o!r means ( v5tilation8 ,is n a draught ( air dang]\s8 ,h[ c we prev5t ?is1 & yet secure fre% air8 ,:at is ! g5]al pr9ciple ( v5tilation8 ,mu/ pure air necess>ily be cold air8 ,are s*oolrooms always prop]ly v5tilat$8 ,:at is ! effect8 ,are *ur*es8 ,are our b$rooms8 ,%\ld *ildr5 or delicate p sleep 9 cold rooms8 ,c we1 at night1 brea! any?+ b night air8 ,is ! night air out ( doors ev] injuri\s8 ,ans4 ,9 times & places ( mal>ia1 & also 9 v damp wea!r1 x %\ld be avoid$1 ev5 at ! risk ( bad air 9 doors4 ,describe "s ( ! wond]s ( respiration4 #if4 ,h[ is con/riction ( ! lungs produc$8 ,:5 may clo?+ be consid]$ tight8 ,:at are ! dang]s ( tight lac+8 ,:i* w\ld make ! /rong]1 m vigor\s1 & long]-liv$ p]son1 ! =m %[n 9 ,a or ,b1 ,fig4 #cc8 ,is x safe to run any risk 9 ?is dang]\s direction8 #ig4 ,:at is ,bron*itis8 ,pleurisy8 ,pneumonia8 ,consumption8 ,:at is "o great cause ( ,consumption8 ,h[ may a con/itutional t5d5cy to ?is disease be w>d$ (f 9 y\?8 ,ans4 ,besides pl5ty ( fre% air & ex]cise1 c>e %\ld be tak5 9 ! diet4 ,ri* pa/ry1 unripe fruit1 salt$ meat1 & acid dr9ks %\ld be avoid$1 & a c]ta9 quantity ( fat %\ld be eat5 at ea* meal4--,,b5nett4 ,:at is asphyxia8 ,describe ! process = re/or+ su* a p]son4 7,see p4 #bfd47 #ih4 ,:at is diph!ria8 ,its peculi>ities8 ,dang]8 ,! cr\p8 ,its *>act]i/ics8 ,rem$y8 7,see p4 #bfj47 ,causes ( /amm]+8 ,h[ cur$8 #big4 ,h[ does ! s++ voice diff] f ! speak+ voice8 ,h[ c y prove ! effect ( duration ( s\nd 9 speak+ & s++8 ,h[ d ! intonations ( ! voice affect ! mean+ ( words8 #bih4 ,give illu/rations ( spee* 9 p]sons )\t a tongue4 ,:at is ! effect ( alcohol & tobacco on ! ?roat8 ,d !y h an influ5ce on ! voice8 ,does ! excessive use ( tea & c(fee ev] affect ! voice8 ,h[8 ,to :at is ! ho>se tone ( an inebriate due8 #bii1 #cjj4 ,:at 0 ,adel9a ,patti's advice ) reg>d to /imulants & late h\rs8 ,does ! respiration ( woman diff] f t ( man8 ,give exp]im5ts ) ,indian wom54 ,:at lessons d we draw f ^! facts8 ,:at rule %\ld be obs]v$ 9 reg>d to ! size ( a bodice8 ,:at are bact]ia or microbes8 ,h[ is _! exi/5ce reveal$8 ,:at does ! ,g]m ,!ory ( ,disease tea* 9 reg>d to microbes8 #cja4 ,:at c y say ab\t ! microbe ( putrefaction8 ,h[ c y obta9 x = exam9ation8 ,:at (fice 9 ,nature d bact]ia seem to s]ve8 ,give ! !ory 9 reg>d to propagation ( special disease g]ms4 ,d !y always cause disease :5 tak5 into ! body8 ,footnote3 ,( ! imm5se numb] & v>iety ( microorganisms f\nd 9 ,nature1 only v few are disease produc+4 ,dr4 ,au/9 ,fl9t says 9 ,! ,=um1 = ,decemb]1 #ahhh3 ,x is probable t future inve/igations into ! physiology ( dige/ion1 w %[ t bact]ia play an important "p 9 ?is function4 ,pa/eur has rec5tly isolat$ no less ?an sev5te5 diff]5t microorganisms 9 ! m\?1 :i* 7 n de/roy$ by ! ga/ric juice4 ,"s ( ^! dissolv$ album51 glut51 & case9e1 & "s trans=m$ />* into sug>4 ,bact]ia normally exi/ 9 great numb] & v>iety 9 ! inte/9es1 al?\gh ! "p :i* !y take 9 inte/9al dige/ion has n be5 accurately det]m9$4--,! numb] ( spores introduc$ into ! human sy/em by respiration1 :5 ! heal? is p]fectly s\nd1 has be5 e/imat$ at ?ree hundr$ ?\s& a day4 #cjb4 ,/ate "s conditions :i* favor ! gr[? ( disease g]ms4 ,:i* prev5t or ret>d _! gr[?4 ,relate ! effect ( vacc9ation1 accord+ to ! g]m !ory4 #cjc4 #cjd4 ,if a drop ( an infusion *>g$ ) bact]ia be put 9 ! extract ( beef or mutton1 :at is ! result8 ,:at w\ld be ! effect ^u an op5 w\nd8 ,give ,dr4 ,tyndall's p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,"n "s effici5t antidote aga9/ ! bact]ia ( putrefaction4 ,ans4 ,c>bolic acid solution is ext5sively us$ = ?is purpose4 ,h[ are disease g]ms (t5 dissem9at$8 ,/ate ! necessity ( dis9fection 9 reg>d to soil$ clo?+4 #cje4 ,illu/rate h[ disease has be5 communicat$ by clo?+4 ,:at is ! fir/ necess>y condition to a sanit>y home8 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ! ^w mal>ia8 ,:at are ?ree active ag5ts 9 ! production ( mal>ia8 ,a f\r?8 ,describe a typical mal>i\s locality4 ,h[ does newly brok5 gr\nd induce mal>ia8 #cjf4 ,/ate ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* runn+ wat] c be contam9at$4 ,:at c>e %\ld be tak5 9 reg>d to ! level ( build+ site8 #cjg4 ,give "s ( ! results ( a wet f\ndation4 ,:at rules %\ld be obs]v$ 9 reg>d to %ade8 ,:at is ! effect ( too d5se foliage ab\t a dwell+8 ,9 build+ a h\se1 :at precautions %\ld be tak5 aga9/ dampness8 ,:at ab\t ! cell>8 ,sew]age8 ,plumb+8 ,v5tilation8 ,fireplaces8 ,piazzas & balconies8 ,sleep+ rooms8 #cjh4 ,:at g5]al purpose does a h\se s]ve8 ,:at c>e %\ld be tak5 9 reg>d to ! du/ or a% heap8 ,:at is ! effect if liquids or table refuse be ?r[n ^u x8 ,:]e %\ld x be situat$8 ,h[ (t5 %\ld refuse be c>t$ away8 ,if its frequ5t removal be inexp$i5t1 :at precaution %\ld be us$8 ,:at are ! be/ ( all deodoriz]s8 ,h[ %\ld ! back premises be c>$ =8 ,:at is ! be/ way to dispose ( h\sehold g>bage8 #cji4 ,h[ c ?is be done8 ,) :at additional advantage8 ,give ,dr4 ,d]by's rem>ks 9 reg>d to sew]s1 _! condition1 & ! results4 ,h[ %\ld traps & dra9s be c>$ =8 ,h[ %\ld bad smells be treat$8 ,is a f\l smell always ! mo/ dang]\s8 ,h[ d poison\s gases (t5 f9d entrance to a h\se8 ,:at rule %\ld be obs]v$ 9 reg>d to v5tilat+ & soil pipes8 #caj4 ,:at precautions %\ld be obs]v$ 9 digg+ ab\t a dwell+8 ,h[ d wa/e pipes (t5 become clos$8 ,h[ may !y be cle>$8 ,:at dang]s arise f unv5tilat$ wa/e pipes8 ,h[ are wa%bas9 pipes contam9at$8 ,tell :at came f a neighbor's cesspool4 ,c y "n simil> in/ances :i* h come "u y\r own obs]vation8 #caa1 #cab4 ,describe ! condition & effects ( a neglect$ cell>4 ,tell :at came f a crack 9 a cell> wall4 #cac4 ,:at effect h brick & mort> 9 keep+ out gases8 ,h[ d b$ cov]+s take ! place ( day g>m5ts8 ,:at k9d ( b$ cov]+ is desirable8 ,is a com=table b$ necess>y to p]fect heal?8 ,h[ (t5 & = h[ long "t %\ld a b$ be v5tilat$8 ,,! ,,circulation4 #aje4 ,"n ! organs ( ! circulation4 ,does ! blood p]meate all p>ts ( ! body8 ,:at is ! av]age am\nt 9 ea* p]son8 ,its composition8 ,! plasma8 ,! r$ corpuscles8 ,! :ite8 #ajf4 ,:at is ! size ( a r$ cell8 ,are ! %ape & size uni=m8 ,value ( ?is8 ,illu/rate4 ,are ! disks p]man5t8 ,:at sub/ances are conta9$ 9 ! plasma8 ,:at is fibr98 #ajg4 ,9 :at s5se is ! blood liquid fle%8 ,:at is ! use ( ! r$ disks8 ,:at is ! (fice ( ! oxyg5 9 ! body8 ,:]e is ! blood purifi$8 #ajh4 ,:at is transfusion8 ,is x ( value8 #aji4 ,give "s illu/rations4 ,:at is ! cause ( coagulation ( ! blood8 ,value ( ?is prop]ty8 ,has ! fibr9 any o!r use8 #aaj4 ,:at organ propels ! blood8 ,:at is ! location ( ! he>t8 ,h[ l>ge is x8 ,put y\r h& ov] x4 ,:at is ! p]ic>dium8 ,describe ! sy/ole4 #aaa4 ,! dia/ole4 ,h[ _m *amb]s 9 ! he>t8 ,:at is _! av]age size8 ,:at is meant by ! "r & left he>t8 ,:at are ! auricles8 ,:y s call$8 ,! v5tricles8 #aab4 ,:at is ! use ( ! auricles8 ,! v5tricles8 ,:i* are made ! /rong]8 ,%[ ! ne$ ( valves 9 ! v5tricles4 ,:y are !re no valves 9 ! auricles8 ,draw on ! bo>d ! =m ( ! valves4 ,"n !m4 #aac4 ,describe ! tricuspid valve4 ,! bicuspid4 ,h[ are ^! valves /r5g!n$8 #aad4 ,:at peculi>ity 9 ! atta*m5t ( ^! cords8 ,describe ! semilun> valves4 ,:at are ! art]ies8 ,:y s nam$8 ,:at is _! use8 ,_! /ructure8 ,h[ does _! ela/icity act8 ,:at is meant by a collat]al circulation8 #aae4 ,h[ are ! art]ies protect$8 ,:]e are !y locat$8 ,give a g5]al description ( ! art]ial sy/em4 ,:at is ! aorta8 ,:at is ! pulse8 ,on :i* art]ies c we be/ feel x8 ,:at is ! av]age numb] ( beats p] m9ute8 ,h[ & :y does ?is v>y8 #aaf4 ,:y does a physician feel a pati5t's pulse8 ,:at are ! ve9s8 ,:at blood d !y c>ry8 ,describe ! v5\s sy/em4 ,:at ve9 does n lead t[>d ! he>t8 ,describe ! valves ( ! ve9s4 ,:at valves ( ! he>t d !y resemble8 ,:at are v>icose ve9s8 #aag4 ,:]e & h[ c we see ! op]ation ( ^! valves8 ,:at are ! capill>ies8 ,:at is ! function ( ! capill>ies8 ,footnote3 ,! di/9ctive function ( ! capill>ies is to (f] p]iph]al resi/ance to ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,?is insures blood pressure1 a condition indisp5sable to ! he>t beat1 & also causes leakage 7transudation74 ,?is leakage br+s ! nutrim5t 9 contact ) ! tissue cells1 :]eby !y are r5ew$4 ,9 ! same way ! air passes f ! blood to ! cells4 ,:at *anges take place 9 ?is sy/em8 #aah4 ,describe ! circulation ( ! blood z se5 9 ! web ( a frog's foot4 #aai4 ,:o discov]$ ! circulation ( ! blood8 ,h[ 0 ! discov]y receiv$8 ,:at rem>k did ,h>vey make8 ,:at does t %[8 ,"n ! two divisions ( ! circulation4 ,describe ! r\te ( ! blood by ! diagram4 #a4 ,! less] circulation4 #b4 ,! great] circulation4 #abj4 ,:at is ! velocity ( ! blood8 ,h[ long does x require = all ! blood to pass ?r\gh ! he>t8 ,h[ long does x take ! blood to make ! t\r ( ! body8 ,:at is ! av]age temp]ature ( ! body8 ,h[ mu* does ?is v>y 9 heal?8 ,ans4 ,n m ?an #b1 ev5 9 ! greate/ extremes ( temp]ature4--,,fl9t4 #aba4 ,h[ & :]e is ! heat ( ! body g5]at$8 ,h[ is x di/ribut$8 ,9 :at diseases is ! v>iation ( temp]ature m>k$8 ,h[ is ! temp]ature ( ! body regulat$8 #abb4 ,9 :at way does life exi/ ?r\gh dea?8 ,is n ?is z true 9 ! moral z 9 ! physical _w8 ,:at does x tea*8 ,h[ rapidly d our bodies *ange8 ,:at are ! ?ree vital organs8 #abc4 ,"n "s ( ! wond]s ( ! he>t4 #abd-abf4 ,:at is ! lymphatic circulation8 ,:at is ! ?oracic duct8 ,! lymph8 ,! gl&s8 ,:at is ! (fice ( ! lymphatics8 ,:at are ! lacteals8 ,give "s illu/rations ( ! action ( ! lymphatics ( ! diff]5t organs4 ,%\ld we use c>e 9 select+ wall pap]8 ,:at is meant by ! subcutane\s ins]tion ( morph9e8 ,h[ d hib]nat+ animals live dur+ ! w9t]8 ,:at is a conge/ion8 ,its cause8 #abg4 ,:at is blu%+8 ,:y does t]ror cause "o to gr[ cold & pale8 ,h[ is an inflammation caus$8 ,"n its f\r *>act]i/ics4 #abh4 ,h[ may sev]e ble$+ be /opp$8 ,h[ c y tell :e!r ! blood comes f an art]y or a ve98 ,:y %\ld y "k ?is8 ,:at is ! scr(ula8 ,:at are k]nels8 #abi1 #acj4 ,h[ may a scr(ul\s t5d5cy ( ! sy/em be c\nt]act$8 ,:at k9ds ( food /imulate ?is disease8 ,:at is ! cause ( a cold8 ,:y does exposure sometimes cause a cold 9 ! head1 sometimes on ! lungs1 & at o!rs br+ on a rheumatic attack8 ,:y is a cold dang]\s8 ,ans4 ,x weak5s ! sy/em & paves ! way = o!r diseases4 ,:at is ! !ory ( treat+ a cold8 ,describe ! me?od4 ,:at is cat>rh8 ,cause8 #aca1 #acb4 ,h[ is alcohol produc$8 ,is alcohol pres5t 9 dome/ic w9es & home-brew$ ales8 ,are !y1 !n1 h>mless dr9ks8 ,:at is a f]m5t8 7,see also pp4 #cjj1 #cja47 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 f]m5ts1 bact]ia1 microbes1 & fungi8 ,ans4 ,a few inve/igators /ill look ^u ! microorganisms kn[n z bact]ia & microbes z animal exi/5ces1 b ! l>g] "p n[ conc$e !m to be vegetable4 #acc4 ,:at is ! effect ( f]m5tation8 ,:at c y say conc]n+ yea/8 #acd4 ,expla9 ! process ( mak+ be]4 ,w9e4 ,:at is di/illation8 #ace1 #acf4 ,is !re m ?an "o k9d ( alcohol8 ,:at c y say ( me?yl alcohol8 ,amyl8 ,e?yl8 ,:i* is ! ord9>y alcohol ( comm]ce8 ,:at is ! peculi> effect ( fusel oil8 ,is x (t5 f\nd 9 w9es & spirits8 ,has alcohol any b5eficial prop]ties8 #acg1 #ach4 ,describe "o ( ! /rik+ effects ( alcohol4 ,:at is ! effect ( alcohol on plant & animal life8 #aci1 #adj4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! alcohol pres5t 9 be] & cid]1 & t 9 g9 & :iskey8 ,"n ano!r dang]\s effect ( alcoholic dr9ks4 ,:at bus9ess consid]ation %\ld det] "y m5 f liquor dr9k+8 #ada-adc4 ,illu/rate ! g5]al effect ( alcohol ^u ! circulation4 ,^u ! he>t4 ,is alcohol a /imulant or a n>cotic8 ,describe h[ alcohol becomes ! ,g5ius ( ,deg5]ation4 ,expla9 :at is meant by ,vascul> ,enl>gem5t4 #add1 #ade4 ,describe ! effect ( alcohol ^u ! membranes4 ,^u ! blood4 ,does x r5d] ! blood ?9 or heavy8 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 pure & alcoholiz$ blood8 #ade-adg4 ,describe ! effect ( alcohol ^u ! lungs4 ,:at =m ( consumption does x induce8 ,are liquor dr9k]s m or less liable to epidemic diseases8 #cad4 ,h[ does ! pulse felt by ! f+] correspond ) ! beat ( ! he>t8 ,"n "s ag5cies t influ5ce ! pulse beat8 ,:i* "p ( ! body has ! mo/ v>i$ =m ( pulsation8 #cae4 ,comp>e ! pulses ( ! wri/ & bra9 9 ! sleep+ & ! wak+ /ates4 ,h[ d cat>rhal colds g5]ally arise8 ,h[ are !y be/ cur$8 #caf4 ,:at is said ( ! vitality ( cat>rh g]ms8 ,:at is a popul> fallacy ) reg>d to ! c>e ( sick rooms8 ,give ,dr4 ,au/9 ,fl9t's rem>ks 9 ?is connection4 ,,dige/ion ,,& ,,food4 #aea4 ,:y d we ne$ food8 ,:y w a p]son />ve )\t food8 ,are ! curr5t /ories ( p :o live )\t food to be reli$ ^u8 ,h[ mu* food is ne$$ p] day by an adult 9 active ex]cise8 #aeb4 ,h[ mu* 9 a ye>8 ,h[ does ?is am\nt v>y8 ,describe ! body z a mold4 ,z an eddy4 ,:at does food d = u8 ,:at does food conta98 #aec4 ,h[ is ?is =ce set free8 ,:at =ce is ?is8 ,h[ c x be turn$ into muscul> motion1 m5tal vigor1 etc48 ,d we !n draw all our p[] f nature8 ,:at becomes ( ^! =ces :5 we are done ) !m8 ,d we de/roy ! =ce we use8 ,ans4 ,no matt] has be5 de/roy$1 s f> z we "k1 s9ce ! creation1 & =ce is equally inde/ructible4 ,comp>e our food to a t5se spr+4 #aed4 ,:at ?ree k9ds ( food d we ne$8 ,:at is nitrog5\s food8 ,"n ! common =ms4 ,:at is ! *>act]i/ic ( nitrog5\s food8 ,:y call$ album9\s8 ,:at is c>bonace\s food8 ,its two k9ds8 ,con/itu5ts ( sug>8 ,:]e are />* & gum rank$8 ,:y8 ,use ( c>bonace\s food8 ,:at becomes ( ?is heat8 ,composition ( fat8 ,h[ does fat comp>e ) sug> 9 produc+ heat8 #aee4 ,"n ! o!r uses ( c>bonace\s food4 ,f :at k9d ( food does ! body d]ive ! greate/ /r5g?8 ,"n ! m9]al matt]s :i* %\ld be conta9$ 9 our food4 ,:at c y say ( ! abundance & necessity ( wat]8 ,ought we n to ex]cise great c>e 9 select+ ! wat] we dr9k8 ,footnote3 ,wat] :i* has pass$ ?r\gh lead pipes is apt to conta9 salts ( t metal1 & is !re=e op5 to suspicion4 ,metallic l9$ ice pit*]s1 galvaniz$-iron res]voirs1 & _m soda- wat] f\nta9s1 are liable to ! same objection4 7,see pp4 #cag1 #cah47 ,does ! "* ( our food influ5ce ! quantity ( wat] we ne$8 #aef4 ,:at are ! uses ( ! diff]5t m9]als conta9$ 9 food8 ,illu/rate ! importance ( salt4 ,c\ld a p]son live on "o k9d ( food alone8 ,illu/rate4 #aeg4 ,describe ! effect ( liv+ on lean meat4 ,%[ ! necessity ( a mix$ diet4 ,illu/rate4 ,%[ ! ne$ ( dige/ion4 ,illu/rate4 #aeh4 ,:at is assimilation8 ,describe ! g5]al plan ( dige/ion4 ,:at did ,b]zelius call dige/ion8 ,:y8 ,:at am\nt ( liquid is daily secret$ by ! alim5t>y canal8 ,:at is ! alim5t>y canal8 ,h[ is x l9$8 ,h[ does ! amba dige/ its food8 #aei4 ,! hydra8 ,def9e secretion4 ,describe ! saliva4 ,h[ is x secret$8 ,:at is ! am\nt8 ,its organic pr9ciple8 ,its use8 ,h[ soon does x act8 ,h[ long8 ,:at t5ds to *eck or increase ! fl[ ( saliva8 #afj4 ,describe ! process ( swall[+4 ,! /oma*4 ,its size4 ,its con/ruction4 ,:at is ! p]i/altic movem5t8 #afb4 ,:at is ! pylorus8 ,= :at does ?is op58 ,:at is ! ga/ric juice8 ,h[ abundant is x8 ,to :at is its acidity due8 ,:at organic pr9ciple does x conta98 ,h[ is peps9 prep>$8 ,h[ is ! fl[ ( ga/ric juice influ5c$8 #afc4 ,:at is its use8 ,appe>ance ( ! food z x passes ?r\gh ! pylorus8 ,:y is n ! /oma* itself dige/$8 ,:at is ! con/ruction ( ! inte/9es8 ,h[ are ! inte/9es divid$8 ,:at is ! duod5um8 ,:y s call$8 ,:at juices are secret$ "h8 #afd4 ,:at is ! bile8 ,describe ! liv]4 ,:at is its weight8 ,its con/ruction8 ,ans4 ,x consi/s ( a mass ( polyh$ral cells only #a_/ajj to #a_/bjjj ( an in* 9 diamet]1 fill+ a me% ( capill>ies4 ,! capill>ies c>ry ! blood to & fro1 & ! cells secrete ! bile4 ,:at is ! cy/8 ,:at does ! liv] secrete f ! blood besides ! bile8 ,is ! bile necess>y to life8 ,illu/rate4 ,:at is its use8 #afe4 ,:at is ! pancreatic juice8 ,its organic pr9ciple8 ,its use8 ,appe>ance ( ! food :5 x leaves ! duod5um8 ,describe ! small inte/9e4 ,:at is absorption8 ,9 :at two ways is ! food absorb$8 #aff4 ,:]e does ! process comm5ce8 ,h[ long does x la/8 ,describe ! lacteals4 ,( :at g5]al sy/em d !y =m a "p8 ,:at d ! ve9s absorb8 ,:]e d !y c>ry ! food8 ,h[ is x modifi$8 #afg4 ,:at is glycog58 ,describe ! complexity ( ! process ( dige/ion4 ,:at l5g? ( "t is requir$ = dige/ion 9 ! /oma*8 #afh4 ,may n food :i* requires little "t 9 ! /oma* ne$ m 9 ! o!r organs1 & vice v]sa8 ,tell ! /ory ( ,alexis ,/4 ,m>t94 ,:at "t 0 requir$ to dige/ an ord9>y meal8 ,apples8 ,eggs1 raw & cook$8 ,roa/ beef8 ,pork8 ,:i* is ! k+ ( ! meats8 ,:at is ! nutritive value ( mutton8 ,lamb8 ,h[ %\ld x be cook$8 ,objection to pork8 ,:at is ! tri*9a8 #afi4 ,%\ld ham ev] be eat5 raw8 ,value ( fi%8 ,oy/]s8 ,milk8 ,*eese8 ,eggs8 ,bread8 ,br[n bread8 ,are w>m biscuit & bread heal?ful8 ,nutritive value ( corn8 #agj4 ,( ! potato8 ,( ripe fruits8 ,( c(fee8 ,to :at is its /imulat+ prop]ty due8 ,its influ5ce on ! sy/em8 ,:5 %\ld x be disc>d$8 ,%\ld *ildr5 use any /imulants8 #aga4 ,effects ( tea8 ,influ5ce ( /rong tea8 ,:at is ! active pr9ciple ( tea8 ,nutritive value ( *ocolate8 ,:at is its active pr9ciple8 ,/ory ( ,l9nu8 ,h[ %\ld tea be made8 ,:at is ! effect ( cook+ food8 ,:at precaution 9 boil+ meat8 ,9 roa/+8 ,object ( ?is high temp]ature8 ,:at precaution 9 mak+ s\p8 ,:y is fry+ an unheal?ful mode ( cook+8 #agb4 ,/ate ! five evil results ( rapid eat+4 ,:at disease gr[s out ( x8 ,if "o is compell$ to eat a meal rapidly1 z at a railroad /ation1 :at %\ld he take8 ,:y8 ,:y does a *ild ne$ m food proportionately ?an an old p]son8 ,/ate ! relation ( wa/e to repair 9 y\?1 9 middle1 & 9 old age4 ,:at k9d & quantity ( food does a s$5t>y occupation require8 ,:at caution %\ld /ud5ts :o h be5 accu/om$ to manual labor obs]ve8 ,mu/ a /ud5t />ve himself8 #agc4 ,is !re n dang] ( ov]eat+8 ,w\ld n an occasional ab/95ce f a meal be b5eficial8 ,d n mo/ p eat m ?an is = _! good8 ,h[ %\ld ! season regulate our diet8 ,! climate8 ,illu/rate4 ,:at does a natural appetite indicate8 ,h[ are we to judge betwe5 a natural & an artificial long+8 ,:at does ! crav+ ( *ildhood = sug> indicate8 ,footnote3 ,x does n foll[ f ?is1 h[ev]1 t ! free use ( sug> 9 its sep>ate =m is desirable4 ,! ord9>y articles ( vegetable food conta9 sug> 7or />*1 :i* 9 ! body is conv]t$ into sug>71 9 l>ge proportion2 & !re is good reason to believe t 9 its naturally comb9$ =m x is bo? m easily dige/$1 & m available = ! purposes ( nutrition1 ?an :5 cry/alliz$4 ,! ord9>y sug> ( comm]ce1 moreov]1 d]iv$ f ! sug> cane1 is n capable ( be+ directly appli$ to physiological purposes4 ,cane sug> is conv]t$ )9 ! body into ano!r k9d ( sug>1 id5tical ) t d]iv$ f ! grape1 be=e x c ent] into ! circuit ( ! vital *anges4 #agd4 ,:at is ! effect ^u ! circulation ( tak+ food8 ,%\ld we labor or /udy j be=e or aft] a meal8 ,:y n8 ,:at "t %\ld int]v5e betwe5 our meals8 ,is lun*+ a heal?ful practice8 ,eat+ he>tily j be=e retir+8 ,is x nev] wise to eat at ?is "t8 7,see p4 #ccg47 ,:y %\ld c>e be bani%$ f ! table8 ,w a regul> r\t9e ( food be b5eficial8 #age1 #agf4 ,describe "s ( ! wond]s ( dige/ion4 ,:at are ! pr9cipal causes ( dyspepsia8 ,h[ may we avoid t disease8 #agg4 ,:at are ! mumps8 ,:at c>e %\ld be tak58 ,is alcohol a food8 ,illu/rate4 #agh-ahg4 ,comp>e ! action ( alcohol ) t ( wat]4 ,is ! alcohol tak5 into ! /oma* elim9at$ un*ang$8 ,does alcohol conta9 any elem5t ne$$ by ! body8 ,:at is ! effect ( alcohol ^u ! dige/ion8 ,w peps9 act 9 ! pres5ce ( alcohol8 ,:at is ! effect ( alcohol ^u ! liv]8 ,:at is ,fatty ,deg5]ation8 ,:at is ! effect ( alcohol ^u ! kidneys8 ,does alcohol imp>t heat to ! body8 ,does x conf] /r5g?8 ,:at does ,dr4 ,kane say8 ,describe ,ri*>dson's exp]im5ts4 ,tell :at peculi> influ5ce alcohol ex]ts4 ,:at is alcoholism8 ,:at is h]$ity8 #cag4 ,:at *>act]i/ics %\ld good dr9k+ wat] possess8 ,are ^! always pro( ( its purity8 ,w filt]s remove all dang] ( contam9ation8 ,h[ may a riv] infect ! entire population ( a t[n8 ,/ate h[ well wat] may become a dang]\s dr9k4 #cah4 ,relate h[ cases ( fev] h be5 caus$ by c>elessness 9 dairies4 ,h[ %\ld suspect$ wat] be treat$8 ,describe a conv5i5t portable filt]4 ,tell h[ wat] is affect$ by f\l air4 #cai4 ,tell h[ ice may bre$ disease4 ,:at caution %\ld be obs]v$ 9 engag+ ice = our summ] supply8 ,illu/rate ! /ructure ( ! gl&ul> coat ( ! /oma*4 #cbj4 ,:at is ! (fice ( ! cells8 ,describe ! life hi/ory ( a cell4 ,h[ does ! /oma* weep1 & :at is ! "* ( its te>s8 #cba4 ,:at is tyrotoxicon8 ,give ,dr4 ,vaughan's exp]im5ts ) *eese1 milk1 & ice cream4 ,tell h[ milk may be poison$4 #cbb4 ,comp>e ! vigor ( exclusively fi%-eat+ ) fle%-eat+ p4 ,:at is ! peculi> value ( fi% z a diet8 ,to :at class ( p is x be/ suit$8 ,"n examples4 ,describe ! pr9ciples conta9$ 9 c(fee4 ,:at is ! effect ( caffeone8 ,( caffe9e8 ,give "s ( ! specific effects ( c(fee4 ,h[ does tea diff] f c(fee8 ,describe ! injuri\s effects ( excessive tea dr9k+4 #cbd4 ,comp>e !9e & coca9e4 ,%\ld *ildr5 dr9k tea & c(fee8 #cbe4 ,give "s causes ( indige/ion4 ,:y are n]v\s p prone to dyspepsia8 ,give ! comp>ative dige/ibility ( v>i\s meats4 #cbf4 ,describe h[ our food su/a9s our bodies4 ,illu/rate ! en]gy conta9$ 9 "o gramme ( beef fat4 ,:y is !re dang] 9 a high- pressure /yle ( liv+8 ,illu/rate4 #cbg4 ,/ate ! effects ( gluttony4 ,:y is x unk9dness to indulge inord9ate appetites 9 *ildr58 ,:at %\ld be ! rule 9 reg>d to _! food8 ,:at effects w\ld foll[ its obs]vance8 ,,! ,,n]v\s ,,sy/em4 #aia4 ,:at are ! organs ( ! n]v\s sy/em8 ,:at is ! g5]al use ( ?is sy/em8 ,h[ does x di/+ui% animals f plants8 ,:at are ! vegetative functions8 ,:at is ! gray matt]8 ,its use8 ,! :ite matt]8 ,its use8 #aic4 ,describe ! bra94 ,:at is its (fice8 ,its size8 ,h[ does x v>y8 ,illu/rate4 ,"n its two divisions4 #aid1 #aie4 ,describe ! c]ebrum4 ,! convolutions4 ,! membranes :i* b9d ! bra9 toge!r4 ,:at c y say ( ! quantity ( blood :i* goes to ! bra98 ,:at does x %[8 ,:at d ! convolutions indicate8 ,:at is ! use ( ! two halves ( ! bra98 ,:at !ories h be5 advanc$ conc]n+ x8 ,is e injury to ! bra9 fatal8 ,illu/rate4 ,comp>e ! human bra9 ) ! bra9s ( "s animals4 #aif4 ,:at is ! effect ( remov+ ! c]ebrum8 ,describe ! c]ebellum4 ,:at is ! arbor vit8 ,:at does ?is "p ( ! bra9 control8 ,:at are ! peculi> functions ( ! c]ebellum8 ,give ,dr4 ,ba/ian's rem>ks4 #aig4 ,:at is ! effect ( an injury to ! c]ebellum8 ,describe ! sp9al cord4 ,:at is ! m$ulla oblongata8 ,describe ! n]ves4 ,is ea* "p ( ! body suppli$ ) its own n]ve8 ,prove x4 #aih4 ,:at are ! motory n]ves8 ,! s5sory8 ,:5 w motion be lo/ & feel+ rema91 & vice v]sa8 ,:at is meant by a transf] ( pa98 ,illu/rate4 #aii4 ,"n ! ?ree classes ( n]ves4 ,:at are ! sp9al n]ves8 ,describe ! orig9 ( ! sp9al n]ve4 #aii-bja4 ,:at are ! cranial n]ves8 ,h[ _m pairs are !re8 ,describe !m4 #bja1 #bjb4 ,describe ! sympa!tic sy/em4 ,:at is its use8 ,h[ does ! bra9 control all ! vital processes8 ,:at is meant by ! cross+ ( ! cords8 ,:at is ! effect8 ,:at exception 9 ! sev5? pair ( cranial n]ves8 #bjc1 #bjd4 ,:at is reflex action8 ,give illu/rations4 ,give in/ances ( ! unconsci\s action ( ! bra94 ,footnote3 ,! c]ebellum has its unconsci\s action 9 ! processes ( respiration & 9 ! involunt>y movem5ts :i* are made 9 response to ! s5ses1 z 9 w9k+1 />t+ back at a s\nd1 etc4 ,! c]ebrum acts automatically 9 oases famili> to all4 ,a l>ge "p ( our m5tal activity consi/s ( ?is unconsci\s bra9 "w4 ,!re are _m cases 9 :i* ! m9d has obvi\sly reason$ m cle>ly & m successfully 9 ?is automatic condition1 :5 left entirely to itself1 ?an :5 we h be5 cudgel+ our bra9s1 s to speak1 to get ! solution4 ,oliv] ,w5dell ,holmes has aptly express$ ?is fact4 ,we wi%1 he says1 to rememb] some?+ 9 ! c\rse ( conv]sation4 ,no ef=t ( ! w c rea* x2 b we say1 ',wait a m9ute1 & x w come to me1' & we g on talk+4 ,"s m9utes lat]1 ! idea we are 9 se>* ( comes all at once into ! m9d1 deliv]$ l a prepaid p>cel1 or l a f\ndl+ 9 a basket1 laid at ! door ( consci\sness4 ,h[ x came !re1 we "k n4 ,! m9d mu/ h be5 at "w1 grop+ & feel+ = x 9 ! d>k2 x c n h come ( itself4 ,yet1 all ! :ile1 our consci\sness1 s f> z we are consci\s ( our consci\sness1 0 busy ) o!r ?\ghts4 ,"s int]e/+ p]sonal exp]i5ces ^u ?is po9t are giv5 9 an article entitl$ ,! ,ante*amb] ( ,consci\sness1 by ,francis ,speir1 ,jr41 9 ! ,popul> ,sci5ce ,mon?ly = ,m>*1 #ahhh4 ,c !re be feel+ or motion 9 ! l[] limbs :5 ! sp9al cord is de/roy$8 ,:at does ! /ory told by ,dr4 ,john ,hunt] %[8 ,give illu/rations ( ! indep5d5t action ( ! sp9al cord 9 animals4 ,:at are ! uses ( reflex action8 #bje4 ,/ate its value 9 ! =mation ( habits4 ,h[ does ! bra9 gr[8 ,:at laws gov]n x8 ,:at mu/ be ! effect ( con/ant light read+8 ,( ov]/udy or m5tal labor8 #bjf4 ,/ate ! relation ( sleep to repair & wa/e4 ,h[ _m h\rs does ea* p]son ne$8 ,:at k9d ( "w requires mo/ sleep8 #bjf-bjh4 ,:at is ! influ5ce ( sunlight on ! body8 ,illu/rate4 ,"n "s ( ! wond]s ( ! bra94 #bjh-bac4 ,:at f\r /ages are !re 9 ! effect ( alcohol on ! n]v\s sy/em8 ,describe ea*4 ,does alcohol conf] any p]man5t /r5g?8 ,:at is ! physiological effect ( alcohol on ! bra98 ,on ! m5tal & moral p[]s8 ,:at is ! ,delirium ,trem5s8 ,%\ld a man be puni%$ = a crime he commits :ile drunk8 #bad-bah4 ,:at are ! pr9cipal con/itu5ts ( tobacco8 ,:at are its physiological effects8 ,:o are mo/ likely to escape injury8 ,is tobacco a food8 ,:at is its influ5ce ^u y\?8 ,:y are cig>ettes specially injuri\s8 ,:at effect does tobacco h on ! s5sibilities8 ,"n illu/rations ( ! injuri\s effect ( tobacco on "y m54 #bai-bba4 ,h[ is opium obta9$8 ,:at is its physiological effect8 ,:i* =m ( us+ x is mo/ injuri\s8 ,c "o give up ! use ( opium :5 he pleases8 ,h[ d p sometimes take opium )\t kn[+ x8 #bba4 ,:at is ! h>mful influ5ce ( *loral hydrate8 ,describe its diff]5t physiological effects4 #bbb4 ,comp>e its influ5ce ) t ( alcohol4 ,h[ is *lor(orm obta9$8 ,does its use require great caution8 ,illu/rate its effects4 #bbc1 #bbd4 ,:at is coca9e8 ,:at is its value8 ,its physiological effect8 ,its dang]s8 #cca-ccc4 ,:at is ! effect ( extreme ang]8 ,give ! physiological explanation ( ?is det]ioration4 ,:at two organs p>ticul>ly suff]8 ,illu/rate4 ,to :at cause are _m suicides ref]able8 ,h[ c "o secure a calm & tranquil life8 ,:at is ! effect ( =c+ ! bra9 9 *ildhood8 #ccd4 ,illu/rate4 ,h[ %\ld a *ild be taught8 #ccd1 #cce4 ,:y %\ld we n exhau/ our en]gies to ! la/ degree8 ,:at w>n+s does ,nature give u8 ,d /imulants supply =ce8 ,:at is ! effect ( m5tal exhau/ion8 ,:i* is ! mo/ common1 ov]work or worry8 ,mo/ dang]\s8 ,:at is worry8 ,its effect8 ,:at o!r causes (t5 induce insanity8 #ccf-cch4 ,/ate "s curiosities ( sleep4 ,"s conditions necess>y to s\nd & heal?ful slumb]4 ,h[ may we acquire ! habit ( e>ly ris+8 #cch1 #cci4 ,give "s ( ! results ( dungeon life4 #cci-cdg4 ,:at c y say ( ! gr[? & p[] ( poison habits8 ,illu/rate4 ,h[ does physiological ignorance (t5 cause intemp]ance8 ,:at is ! usual result ( a /imulant habit8 ,9 :at virtue lies ! p]il ( n>cotics8 ,balance ! good & ! evil 9 _! use4 ,illu/rate h[ dea? (t5 results f *lor(orm & *loral4 ,:at common result is worse ?an dea?8 ,comp>e ! demoralization 9 ! cases ( ! opium us] & ! alcohol dr9k]4 ,:at pr9ciple ( h]$ity atta*es to ! use ( opium8 ,give in/ances ( dea?s f tobacco1 opium1 etc4 ,:at c y say ( cig>ette smok+8 ,*loral hydrate8 ,! bromides8 ,abs9!8 ,ha%ee%8 ,,! ,,special ,,s5ses4 #bbi1 #bcj4 ,:at is a s5se8 ,"n ! five s5ses4 ,to :at organ d all ! s5ses m9i/]8 ,if ! n]ve lead+ to any organ ( s5se be cut1 :at w\ld be ! effect8 ,footnote3 ,ea*1 organ is adapt$ to receive a peculi> k9d ( impression4 ,h5ce we c n smell )1 ! eyes nor see ) ! nose4 ,?us1 if ! n]ve communicat+ betwe5 ! bra9 & any organ be de/roy$1 t means ( k is cut (f4 ,sometimes p]sons lose feel+ 9 a limb1 b reta9 motion2 :y is ?is8 ,:at is ! s5se ( t\* sometimes call$8 ,describe ! organ ( t\*4 ,:at are ! papill8 ,:]e are !y mo/ abundant8 ,footnote3 ,if we apply ! po9ts ( a compass blunt$ ) cork to diff]5t p>ts ( ! body1 we c di/+ui% ! two po9ts at "o tw5ty-f\r? ( an in* ap>t on ! tongue1 "o sixte5?1 ( an in* on ! lips1 "o twelf? ( an in* on ! tips ( ! f+]s1 & "o half in* on ! great toe2 :ile1 if !y are "o in* on ! *eek1 & two in*es on ! back1 !y w sc>cely produce a sep>ate s5sation4--,,huxley4 ,:at are ! uses ( ?is s5se8 ,:at special k d we obta9 by x8 ,:y d we always desire to h&le any curi\s object8 ,c ! s5se ( t\* always be reli$ ^u8 ,illu/rate4 ,:at is ! tactus eruditus8 ,tell h[ "o s5se c take ! place ( ano!r4 ,give illu/rations ( ! delicacy ( t\* possess$ by ! bl9d4 #bcj-bcb4 ,describe ! s5se ( ta/e4 ,h[ c y see ! papill ( ta/e8 ,:at causes ! velvety look ( ! tongue8 ,:y d salt & bitt] flavors induce vomit+8 ,:y does an acid puck] ! face8 ,:at sub/ances are ta/eless8 ,illu/rate4 ,has sulphur any ta/e8 ,*alk8 ,s&8 ,:at is ! use ( ?is s5se8 ,does x n also add to ! pleasures ( life8 ,:y are ! acts ( eat+1 dr9k+1 etc41 ?us made s\rces ( happ9ess8 #bcb1 #bcc4 ,describe ! organ ( smell4 ,/ate ! intimate relation :i* exi/s betwe5 ! s5ses ( smell & ta/e4 ,"n "s common mi/akes :i* occur 9 consequ5ce4 ,mu/ ! object to be smell$ t\* ! nose8 ,:at is ! !ory ( smell8 ,h[ d y acc\nt = ! /atem5t made 9 ! note conc]n+ musk & amb]gris8 ,:at are ! uses ( ?is s5se8 ,are agreeable odors heal?ful1 & disagreeable ones unheal?ful8 #bcd-bcf4 ,describe ! organ ( he>+4 ,describe ! ext]nal e>4 ,:at is ! tympanum or drum ( ! e>8 ,describe ! middle e>4 ,"n ! bones ( ! e>4 ,describe _! /ructure4 ,describe ! int]nal e>4 ,by :at o!r "n is x kn[n8 ,:at sub/ances float 9 ! liquid :i* fills ! labyr9?8 ,:at is _! use8 ,describe ! fib]s ( ,corti4 ,:at d !y =m8 ,use ( ?is microscopic h>p8 ,give ! !ory ( s\nd4 ,:]e is ! s\nd1 9 ! ext]nal object or 9 ! m9d8 ,c !re be any s\nd1 !n1 :]e !re is no m9d8 ,:at advice is giv5 conc]n+ ! c>e ( ! e>8 ,h[ c insects be remov$8 ,:i* s5se w\ld y r lose1 he>+ or sight8 ,does n a bl9d p]son always excite m sympa?y ?an a deaf "o8 ,h[ does ! sight assi/ ! he>+8 ,footnote3 ,9 he>+1 ! att5tion is m or less *>act]i/ic4 ,if we wi% to di/+ui% a di/ant noise1 or p]ceive a s\nd1 ! head incl9es & turns 9 su* a mann] z to pres5t ! ext]nal e> 9 ! direction ( ! s\nd1 at ! same "t ! eyes are fix$ & p>tially clos$4 ,! movem5t ( ! lips ( 8 int]locutor is ! usual means by :i* ! deaf man supplies ! want ( he>+2 ! eyes & ! entire head1 f its position1 hav+ a peculi> & pa9ful expression ( att5tion4 ,9 look+ at ! portrait ( ,la ,condam9e1 x 0 easily recogniz$ z t ( a deaf p]son4 ,ev5 :5 he>+ is p]fect1 ! eyes act sometimes z auxili>ies to x4 ,9 ord] to und]/& an orator p]fectly1 x seems necess>y to see him--! ge/ures & ! expression ( ! face seem+ to add to ! cle>ness ( ! words4 ,! lesson ( a tea*] c n be well und]/ood if any ob/acle is int]pos$ betwe5 him & ! eyes ( ! li/5+ pupil4 ,s t if a pupil's eyes w&]1 we "k t he is n att5tive4-- ,wond]s ( ! ,human ,body4 #bcf1 #bcg4 ,describe ! eye4 ,"n ! ?ree coats ( :i* x is compos$4 ,is x a p]fect sph]e8 ,ans4 ,! cornea projects 9 front1 & ! optic n]ve at ! back /icks out l a h&le1 :ile ! ball itself has its longe/ diamet] f side to side4 ,h[ is ! int]ior divid$8 ,object ( ! cry/all9e l5s8 ,h[ is ! cry/all9e l5s kept 9 place8 ,describe ! liquids :i* fill ! eye4 #bch4 ,:at is ! pupil8 ,describe ! eyelids4 ,:y is ! inn] side ( ! eyelid s s5sitive8 ,:at is ! cause ( a black eye8 ,use ( ! eyela%es8 ,:]e are ! oil gl&s locat$8 ,:at is _! use8 ,describe ! la*rymal gl&4 ,! la*rymal lake4 ,:at causes ! ov]fl[ 9 old age8 #bci4 ,expla9 ! /ructure ( ! ret9a4 ,use ( ! rods & cones4 ,:at is ! bl9d spot8 #bdj4 ,illu/rate4 ,:at is ! !ory ( sight8 ,illu/rate4 #bda1 #bdb4 ,/ate ! action ( ! cry/all9e l5s4 ,its p[] ( adaptation4 ,d *ildr5 ev] ne$ spectacles8 #bdc4 ,:at is ! cat>act8 ,h[ cur$8 ,:at is color bl9dness8 ,illu/rate4 ,:at c>e %\ld be tak5 ( ! eyes8 ,%\ld "o con/antly lean =w>d ov] 8 book or "w8 ,:at special c>e %\ld ne>sight$ *ildr5 take8 ,by :at c>elessness may we impair our sight8 #bdd4 ,h[ is squ9t+ caus$8 ,cur$8 ,:at c>e %\ld be us$ aft] an illness8 ,%\ld we ev] read or write at twilight8 ,dang] ( read+ ^u ! e>s8 ,:at c\rse %\ld we take :5 objects get into ! eye8 ,h[ may !y be remov$8 #bde4 ,are eye/ones useful8 ,:y %\ld we nev] use eyewa%es except ^u ! advice ( a compet5t physician8 ,:at rule %\ld be obs]v$ ) reg>d to ! direction ( ! light :5 we are at "w8 ,"n "s causes ( ne>-sight$ness4 ,rem$ies4 #cdf4 ,give ! acc\nt ( ,laura ,bridgman4 #cdg-cej4 ,describe ! anatomy ( ! nose4 ,9 :at "p ( ! nose is ! function ( smell p]=m$8 ,:y d we sniff :5 our att5tion is attract$ by an odor8 ,give "s exp]im5ts :i* illu/rate ! connection betwe5 smell1 ta/e1 & t\*4 ,:y %\ld we reta9 our food 9 ! m\? z long z possible8 ,( :at use are ga/ronomic odors8 #cej4 ,:y %\ld a *ild's e> nev] be box$8 ,illu/rate4 ,h[ c we detect inatt5tion f deafness 9 a *ild8 ,:at %\ld we consid] 9 ?is respect8 #cea4 ,:y %\ld we avoid direct draughts 9 ! e>8 ,expla9 ! use ( e>wax4 ,:at common habit is v injuri\s8 ,:y8 #ceb1 #cec4 ,:at is ! (fice ( ! ,eu/a*ian tube8 ,illu/rate4 #cec1 #ced4 ,describe ! action ( ! eye curta94 ,give exp]im5ts4 ,:at are ,purk9je's ,figures8 ,describe exp]im5t4 ,,heal? ,,& ,,disease4 #bea-bed4 ,/ate "s ( ! b5efits ( heal?4 ,contra/ x ) sickness4 ,h[ 7 diseases =m]ly suppos$ to be caus$8 ,:at rem$ies 7 us$8 ,:at does mod]n sci5ce tea* u to be ! nature ( disease8 ,give "s illu/rations %[+ h[ diseases may be prev5t$4 ,is x probable t ! body 0 int5d$ to give out 9 any "o ( its organs8 ,:at is ! fir/ /ep to be tak5 9 ! cure ( a disease8 ,:at %\ld be ! object ( m$ic9e8 ,:at is n[ ! *ief dep5d5ce ( ! be/ physicians8 ,:at d y ?9k conc]n+ ! common use ( pat5t no/rums8 ,ought we n to use ! greate/ c>e 9 ! selection ( our physician8 ,,gloss>y4 ,ab d' m5 7abdo1 ,i conceal74 ,! l>ge/ cavity 9 ! body1 9 :i* are hidd5 ! inte/9es1 /oma*1 etc4 ,ab sorb' ent 7ab1 f sorbeo1 ,i suck up74 ,ac' e tab' u lum 7acetum1 v9eg>74 ,! socket = hold+ ! head ( ! ?igh bone1 %ap$ l an anci5t v9eg> vessel4 ,a ce' tic 7acetum1 v9eg>74 ,ad' i pose4 ,fatty4 ,al bu' m5 7albus1 :ite74 ,a sub/ance resembl+ ! :ite ( egg4 ,al bu' mi n\s sub/ances conta9 mu* album54 ,al' i m5' ta ry4 ,p]ta9+ to food4 ,al' ka l9e 7-l97 sub/ances neutralize acids4 ,an' s !t' ic4 ,a sub/ance t de/roys ! feel+ ( pa94 ,a or' ta4 ,! l>ge/ art]y ( ! body4 ,ap' o plex y 7pleks y74 ,a disease m>k$ by loss ( s5sation & volunt>y motion4 ,a' que ous 7a'-kwe-u74 ,wat]y4 ,a ra*' noid 7ara*ne1 a spid]2 eidos1 =m74 ,a membrane l a spid]'s web cov]+ ! bra94 ,ar' bor vi't means ! tree ( life4 ,ar' t]y 7a]1 air2 t]eo1 ,i conta974 ,s nam$ because aft] dea? ! art]ies conta9 air only1 & h5ce ! anci5ts suppos$ !m to be air tubes lead+ ?r\gh ! body4 ,ar tic' u late 7articulo1 ,i =m a jo9t74 ,ar tic' u la tion4 ,a jo9t4 ,z phyx' ia 7-fix-i-a74 ,lit]ally1 no pulse2 app>5t dea?4 ,z sim' i la' tion is ! process ( *ang+ food into fle%1 etc4 ,at' las4 ,s call$ because1 z 9 anci5t fable ! god ,atlas support$ ! globe on 8 %\ld]s1 s 9 ! body ?is bone be>s ! head4 ,au' di to ry ,n]ve4 ,! n]ve ( he>+4 ,au' ri cle 7-kl7 7auris1 e>7 ( ! he>t4 ,s nam$ f its %ape4 ,bi' ceps4 ,a muscle ) two heads1 or orig9s4 ,bi cus' pid4 ,too? ) two po9ts2 also a valve ( ! he>t4 ,bron' *i 7-ki74 ,! two bran*es ( ! w9dpipe4 ,bron' *i al ,tubes4 ,subdivisions ( bron*i4 ,bur sa 7a purse74 ,small sac conta9+ fluid ne> a jo9t4 ,ca n9e' 7canis1 a dog7 tee? are l dog's tee?4 ,cap' il la ries 7capillus1 a hair74 ,a sy/em ( t9y blood vessels4 ,c>' bon4 ,pure *>coal4 ,c> bon' ic ,acid4 ,a deadly gas giv5 (f by ! lungs & by fires4 ,ca rot' ids 7k>os1 le?>gy74 ,art]ies ( ! neck1 s nam$ because ! anci5ts suppos$ !m to be ! seat ( sleep4 ,c>' pus4 ,! wri/4 ,c>' ti lage4 ,gri/le4 ,cell4 ,a m9ute sac1 usually ) s(t walls & fluid cont5ts4 ,cel' lu l> 7cellula1 a little cell74 ,full ( cells4 ,c]' e bel' lum4 ,! little bra94 ,c]' e brum4 ,a ,lat9 ^w mean+ bra94 ,c]' vi cal4 ,relat+ to ! neck4 ,*lo' ral 7klo7 ,hy' drate4 ,a drug us$ to induce sleep4 ,*o' roid4 ,! second coat ( ! eye4 ,*yle 7kile74 ,a milky juice =m$ 9 dige/ion4 ,*yme 7kime74 ,f *umos1 juice4 ,cir' cu la' tion4 ,! c\rse ( ! blood ?r\gh ! body4 ,cil' i a 7! plural ( cilium1 an eyela%74 ,hair-l projections 9 ! air passages4 ,clav' i cle 7klav'-i-kl74 ,f clavis1 a key4 ,co ag' u la'tion4 ,a clott+ ( blood4 ,coc' cyx 7a cuckoo74 ,a bony mass bel[ ! sacrum4 ,co*' le a4 ,a ,lat9 ^w mean+ snail %ell4 ,see ,e> ,com' p\nd4 ,a sub/ance compos$ ( two or m elem5ts4 ,con ta' gi\s diseases are ^? caught by contact1 ! brea?1 etc4 ,con' trac til' i ty 7con1 toge!r2 traho1 ,i draw74 ,con' vo lu' tion 7con1 toge!r2 volvo1 ,i roll74 ,cor' ne a 7cornu1 a horn74 ,a transp>5t1 horn-l w9d[ 9 ! eye4 ,cor' pus cle 7kor'-pus-l74 ,f a ,lat9 ^w mean+ a little body4 ,x is appli$ to ! disks ( ! blood4 ,cra' ni al4 ,relat+ to ! skull4 ,crys'tal l9e 7cry/allum1 a cry/al74 ,cu ta' ne ous 7cutis1 sk974 ,p]ta9+ to ! sk94 ,cu' ti cle 7ku'-ti-kl74 ,f a ,lat9 ^w mean+ little sk94 ,cu' tis1 ! true sk94 ,d5' tal 7d5s1 d5tis1 a too?74 ,di' a phragm 7-fram74 ,! muscle divid+ ! abdom5 f ! *e/4 ,di z' to le 7dia/ello1 ,i put asund]74 ,dilation ( ! he>t4 ,dis' lo ca' tion4 ,a putt+ out ( jo9t4 ,dor' sal 7dorsum1 ! back74 ,duct4 ,a small tube4 ,du o de' num 7duod5i1 twelve ea*74 ,du' ra ,ma' t] 7durus1 h>d2 mat]1 "m74 ,! out] membrane ( ! bra94 ,dys pep' si a is a difficulty ( dige/ion ,e lim' i nate4 ,to expel4 ,ep' idem' ic4 ,a disease affect+ a great numb] ( p]sons at once4 ,ep' i d]' mis4 ,! cuticle4 ,ep' i glot' tis 7epi1 ^u2 glottis1 ! tongue74 ,! lid ( ! w9dpipe4 ,ep' i !' li um4 ,! out] surface ( muc\s or s]\s membranes4 ,eu /a' *i an 7u-/a'-ki-an7 ,tube4 ,s nam$ f its discov]]1 an ,italian physician4 ,ex cre' tion4 ,wa/e p>ticles ?r[n (f by ! excretory organs4 ,f]' m5 ta' tion4 ,! process by :i* sug> is turn$ into alcohol4 ,fi' br9 7fibra1 a fib]74 ,fil' a m5t 7filum1 a ?read74 ,func' tion4 ,see ,organ4 ,gan' gli on 7gang'-gli-on74 ,f ganglion1 a knot2 plu4 ganglia4 ,gas' tric 7ga/]1 /oma*74 ,gl&s 7gl&z74 ,f glans1 a ,lat9 ^w mean+ acorn4 ,_! object1 is to secrete 9 _! cells "s liquid f ! blood4 ,glot' tis4 ,! op5+ at ! top ( ! l>ynx4 ,hu' me rus4 ,! arm bone4 ,hu' mor4 ,a ,lat9 ^w mean+ moi/ure4 ,hy' dro g54 ,! lighte/ gas kn[n1 & "o ( ! elem5ts ( wat]4 ,hy' gi ene4 ,f a ,greek ^w mean+ heal?4 ,hyp' o glos' sal4 ,lit]ally "u ! tongue2 a n]ve ( ! tongue4 ,9 ci' sor 7incido1 ,i cut7 tee? are cutt+ tee?4 ,9' spi ra' tion 79 & spiro1 ,i brea! 974 ,9 tes' t9e 7-t974 ,f intus1 )94 ,la*' ry mal 7la*ryma1 a te>74 ,p]ta9+ to te>s4 ,lac' te al 7lac1 lactis1 milk74 ,s call$ f ! milky look ( ! *yle dur+ dige/ion4 ,la cu' na1 plu4 lacun 7lakos1 a hole74 ,cavities 9 ! bone /ructure4 ,l>' ynx 7l>'-inx74 ,! upp] "p ( ! w9dpipe4 ,lig' a m5ts 7ligo1 ,i b9d7 tie bones toge!r4 ,lu' bri cate4 ,to oil 9 ord] to prev5t friction4 ,lum' b> 7lumbus1 a lo974 ,p]ta9+ to ! lo9s4 ,lymph 7limf74 ,f lympha1 pure wat]4 ,lym phat' ic 7lim-fat-ik74 ,mas' ti ca' tion4 ,! act ( *ew+4 ,me dul' la ,ob lon ga' ta4 ,! upp] "p ( ! sp9al cord4 ,mam' brane4 ,a ?9 sk91 or tissue4 ,mes' en t]y4 ,! membrane by :i* ! inte/9es are fa/5$ to ! sp9e4 ,met' a c>' pal 7meta1 aft]2 k>pos1 wri/74 ,met' a t>' sal 7meta1 aft]2 t>sos1 ! in/ep74 ,mi' cro scope 7mikros1 small2 skopeo1 ,i see74 ,mo'l> 7mola1 a mill7 tee? are ! gr9d]s4 ,morp' h9e 7,morpheus1 ! ,greek god ( sleep74 ,mo' tor4 ,giv+ motion4 ,mu' c\s 7-kus7 ,membrane4 ,a ?9 tissue1 or sk91 cov]+ ! op5 cavities ( ! body4 ,see ,s]\s4 ,mu' c\s4 ,a fluid secret$ by a membrane & s]v+ to lubricate x4 ,mus' cle 7mus-l74 ,a bundle ( fib]s cov]$ by a membrane4 ,my o' pi a 7muo1 ,i contract2 ops1 ! eye74 ,n> cot' ic4 ,a drug produc+ sleep4 ,na' sal 7na'-zal74 ,f nasus1 ! nose4 ,n]ve 7neuron1 a cord74 ,ni' tro g5 ,gas is ! passive elem5t ( ! air4 ,ni trog' e n\s4 ,conta9+ nitrog54 ,nu tri' tion4 ,! process by :i* ! body is n\ri%$4 soph' agus 7e-s('-a-gus74 ,! gullet2 lit]ally1 a food-c>ri]4 ,ol fac' to ry4 ,p]ta9+ to ! smell4 ,or' gan4 ,an organ is a portion ( ! body design$ = a p>ticul> use1 :i* is call$ its function2 ?us ! he>t circulates ! blood4 ,os' se ous4 ,bone-l4 ,os' si fy 7ossa1 bones2 facio1 ,i make74 ,ox i da' tion4 ,! process ( comb9+ ) oxyg54 ,ox' y g54 ,! active elem5t ( ! air4 ,pal' ate 7palatum1 ! palate74 ,ro( ( ! m\?4 ,pan' cre z 7pas1 all2 kreas1 fle%74 ,an organ ( dige/ion4 ,pa pil' la1 plu4 papill4 ,t9y cone-l projections4 ,pa ral' y sis4 ,a disease 9 :i* "o loses s5sation1 or ! p[] ( motion1 or bo?4 ,pa rot' id 7p>a1 ne>2 ous1 otos1 e>74 ,"o ( ! saliv>y gl&s4 ,pa tel' la 7a little di%74 ,! kneepan4 ,pec' to ral4 ,p]ta9+ to ! *e/4 ,pep' s9 7pepto1 ,i dige/74 ,! *ief con/itu5t ( ! ga/ric juice4 ,p]' i c>' di um 7p]i1 ar\nd2 k>dia1 ! he>t74 ,! membrane wrapp+ ! he>t4 ,p]' i os' te um 7p]i1 ar\nd2 o/eon1 bone74 ,! membrane ar\nd ! bone4 ,p]' i /al' tic 7p]i1 r\nd2 /alle91 to arrange74 ,appli$ to ! worm-l movem5t ( ! alim5t>y canal4 ,ph>' ynx 7f>'-inx74 ,f ph>ugx1 ! ?roat4 ,pi' a ,ma' t] 7t5d] "m74 ,see ,bra94 ,pig' m5t4 ,a pa9t4 ,plas' ma 7plaz'-ma74 ,! nutriti\s fluid ( ! blood4 ,pleu' ra 7plu'-ra74 ,f pleu>1 a rib4 ,! membrane t l9es ! *e/ & wraps ! lungs4 ,pres by o' pi a 7presbus1 old2 ops1 ! eye74 ,a defect 9 ! eye common to old age4 ,proc' ess4 ,a projection4 ,sometimes x reta9s its ord9>y mean+ ( op]ation4 ,py lo' rus 7a gate74 ,! doorway ?r\gh :i* ! food passes f ! /oma*4 ,pul' mo na ry 7pulmo1 ! lungs74 ,p]ta9+ to ! lungs4 ,ra' di u4 ,a ,lat9 ^w mean+ ! spoke ( a :eel1 a ray1 etc4 ,ram' i fy4 ,to spread l ! bran*es ( a tree4 ,res' pi ra tion 7re1 aga92 spiro1 ,i brea!74 ,act ( brea?+4 ,ret' i na 7rete1 a net74 ,! expansion ( ! optic n]ve 9 ! eye4 ,sa' crum 7sacr$74 ,s nam$1 x is said1 because ?is bone ( ! pelvis 0 anci5tly (f]$ 9 sacrifice4 ,sa li' va4 ,a ,lat9 ^w mean+ spittle2 ! fluid secret$ by ! saliv>y gl&s4 ,scap' u la4 ,! %\ld] blade4 ,scav' en g]4 ,a /reet sweep]4 ,sele rot' ic 7skie-rot'-ic74 ,! out] coat ( ! eye4 ,se cre' tion 7secretum1 to sep>ate74 ,s$' en ta ry p]sons are ^? :o sit mu*4 ,s5' s ry ,n]ves4 ,! n]ves ( feel+4 ,se' r\s ,membrane4 ,a ?9 tissue1 or sk91 cov]+ ! cavities ( ! body t are n op5 to ! ext]nal air4 ,se' rum4 ,! ?9 "p ( ! blood4 ,sub cla' vi an4 ,locat$ "u ! clavicle4 ,sub l9' gual 7sub1 "u3 l+ua1 ! tongue74 ,! saliv>y gl& locat$ "u ! tongue4 ,sub max' il la ry 7sub1 "u2 maxilla1 jawbone74 ,! saliv>y gl& locat$ "u ! jaw4 ,syn o' vi a 7sun1 )2 oon1 egg74 ,a fluid t lubricates ! jo9ts4 ,syn o' vi al ,membrane packs ! jo9ts4 ,sys' to le 7su/ello1 ,i contract74 ,contraction ( ! he>t4 ,tem' po ral4 ,an art]y on ! temple 7tempus1 "t71 s call$ because1 z is said1 ! hair :it5s fir/ at t po9t4 ,t5' dons 7t5do1 ,i /ret*74 ,! cords convey+ motion f ! muscle to ! bone4 ,?o' rax 7a brea/plate74 ,! cavity conta9+ ! lungs1 etc4 ,tib' ia4 ,! %9-bone4 ,tis' sue4 ,a g5]al t]m appli$ to ! textures ( :i* ! diff]5t organs are compos$2 osse\s tissue =ms bones4 ,tra' *e a 7tra'-ke-a74 ,means r\gh1 allud+ to ! r\gh5$ surface ( ! w9dpipe4 ,tri' ceps4 ,a muscle ) ?ree heads1 or orig9s4 ,tri' cus' pid 7tres1 ?ree2 cuspis1 po9t74 ,a valve ( ! he>t4 ,tym' pa num 7a drum7 ( ! e>4 ,vas' cu l> 7vasculum1 little vessel74 ,full ( small blood vessels4 ,v5' tri cle 7-kl74 ,a cavity ( ! he>t4 ,v]' te bra1 plu4 v]tebr 7v]to1 ,i turn74 ,a t]m appli$ to ea* "o ( ! bones ( ! sp9e4 ,vil' lus 7villus1 tuft ( hair71 plu4 villi4 ,vi' ti ate4 ,to ta9t4 ,to spoil4 ,vit' re ous 7vitrium1 glass74 ,glassy4 ,vo' m] 7pl[%>e74 ,a bone ( ! nose4