,transcrib]'s ,notes ,italic text display$ z3 italic ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,:ale-,,fi%]y4 ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,:ale-,,fi%]y4 ,,by ,,capta9 ,,scoresby1 ,f4,r4,s4,e4 ,,london3 ,,! ,,religi\s ,,tract ,,society3 ,in/itut$ #agii4 ,,preface4 ,! foll[+ pages are an abridgm5t1 ) "s modifications & additions1 ( ! second volume ( capta9 7n[ ! rev4 ,dr47 ,scoresby's "w on ! ,arctic ,regions & ,:ale-fi%]y1 ,ed9burgh1 #ahbj2 ! sub/ance ( ! =m] volume hav+ already appe>$ 9 ?is ,mon?ly ,s]ies4 ,! second *apt] ( ! "w1 on ! comp>ative view ( ! :ale-fi%]ies ( diff]5t ,european nations1 has be5 entirely omitt$1 z less int]e/+1 x is suppos$1 to ! g5]al read]1 ?an ! o!r *apt]s4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,page ,,*ronological ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,:ale-,,fi%]ies #i ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,situation ,,( ,,! ,,e>ly ,,:ale-,,fi%]y--,,! ,,mann] ,,9 ,,:i* ,,x ,,0 ,,conduct$--,,& ,,! ,,alt]ations ,,:i* ,,h ,,tak5 ,,place #bi ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,mod]n ,,:ale-,,fi%]y1 ,,z ,,conduct$ ,,at ,,spitzb]g5 #dj ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,davis',s ,,/rait ,,:ale-,,fi%]y1 ,,) ,,/atem5ts ,,( ,,exp5ses ,,& ,,pr(its ,,( ,a ,,fi%+-,,%ip #adi ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,extract+ ,,oil ,,& ,,prep>+ ,,:ale-,,bone1 ,,) ,a ,,description ,,( ,,^! ,,articles1 ,,& ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,! ,,uses ,,to ,,:i* ,,! ,,sev]al ,,products ,,( ,,! ,,:ale-,,fi%]y ,,are ,,appli$ #aeg ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,n>rative ,,( ,,proce$+s ,,on ,,bo>d ,,! ,,%ip ,,esk1 ,,dur+ ,a ,,:ale-,,fi%+ ,,voyage ,,to ,,! ,,coa/ ,,( ,,spitzb]g51 ,,9 ,,! ,,ye> #ahaf2 ,,p>ticul>ly ,,relat+ ,,to ,,! ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,! ,,%ip ,,"u ,,circum/ances ,,( ,,peculi> ,,dang] #age ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,:ale-,,fi%]y4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,*ronological ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,:ale ,,fi%]ies4 ,9 ! e>ly ages ( ! _w1 :5 bea/s ( prey began to multiply & annoy ! vocations ( man1 ! p]sonal dang]s to :i* he mu/ h be5 occasionally expos$ w\ld oblige him to contrive "s means ( def5ce4 ,= ?is end1 he w\ld naturally be induc$1 bo? to prep>e weapons1 & also to preconceive plans = resi/+ ! di/urb]s ( 8 peace4 ,8 subsequ5t r5c\nt]s ) bea/s ( prey w\ld1 !re=e1 be m frequ5tly successful1 n only 9 effectually repell+ !m :5 !y %\ld attack him1 b also1 9 "s in/ances1 9 accompli%+ _! de/ruction4 ,h5ce1 we c readily & satisfactorily trace to ! pr9ciples ( necessity ! adroitness & c\rage evid5c$ by ! un5light5$ nations ( ! _w1 9 _! successful attacks on ! mo/ =midable ( ! brute creation2 & h5ce we c conceive t necessity may impel ! indol5t to activity1 & ! c[>d to actions :i* w\ld n disgrace ! brave4 ,= man to attempt to subdue an animal ^: p[]s & f]ocity he reg>d$ ) sup]/iti\s dread1 & ! motion ( :i* he conceiv$ w\ld produce a vortex suffici5t to swall[ up 8 boat1 or any o!r vessel 9 :i* he might approa* x--an animal ( at lea/ six hundr$ times 8 own bulk1 a /roke ( ! tail ( :i* might hurl 8 boat into ! air1 or da% x & himself to pieces--an animal inhabit+ at ! same "t an elem5t 9 :i* he himself c\ld n subsi/2 = man to attempt to subdue su* an animal1 "u su* circum/ances1 seems "o ( ! mo/ haz>d\s ent]prizes ( :i* ! int]c\rse ) ! irrational _w c\ld possibly admit4 ,& yet ?is animal is successfully attack$1 & seldom escapes :5 once he comes )9 rea* ( ! d>ts ( 8 assail]4 ,x seems to be ! op9ion ( mo/ writ]s on ! subject ( ! :ale-fi%]y1 t ! ,biscayans 7 ! fir/ :o succe$$ 9 ! capture ( ! :ale4 ,?is op9ion1 ?\gh p]haps n correct1 des]ves to be m5tion$ 9 ! outset ( an inve/igation into ! probable orig9 ( ?is employm5t4 ,a species ( :ale1 probably ! ,balna ro/rata1 0 a frequ5t visitor to ! %ores ( ,france & ,spa94 ,9 pursuit ( h]r+s & o!r small fi%es1 ^! :ales w\ld produce a s]i\s de/ruction among ! nets ( ! fi%]m5 ( ,biscay & ,gascony4 ,conc]n = ! pres]vation ( _! nets1 :i* probably con/itut$ ! :ole ( _! prop]ty1 w\ld naturally sugge/ ! necessity ( driv+ ^! intrud+ mon/]s f _! coa/s4 ,) ?is view1 arr[s & spe>s1 & subsequ5tly gunp[d]1 w\ld be resort$ to4 ,f9d+ ! :ales timid & in(f5sive1 ! fi%]s w\ld be induc$ to approa* "s individual ( ! species1 & ev5 to d>t _! spe>s into its body4 ,aft]w>ds !y might conceive ! possibility ( entangl+ "s ( ! species1 by means ( a cord atta*$ to a b>b$ arr[ or spe>4 ,"o ( ^! animals be+ captur$1 & its value asc]ta9$1 ! prospect ( emolum5t w\ld be suffici5t to e/abli% a fi%]y ( ! cetace\s tribe1 & lead to all ! b5eficial effects :i* h result$ 9 mod]n times4 ,^? au?orities1 inde$1 may be consid]$ z unque/ionable1 :i* in=m u t ! ,basques & ,biscayans1 s e>ly z ! ye> #aege1 expos$ !mselves to ! p]ils ( a di/ant navigation1 ) a view to measure _! /r5g? ) ! :ales1 9 ! mid/ ( an elem5t con/itut+ ! natural habitation ( ^! enorm\s animals2 t ! ,engli%1 9 #aeid1 fitt$ an exp$ition = ,cape ,breton1 int5d$ = ! fi%]y ( ! :ale & ! walrus1 7sea-horse17 pursu$ ! walrus-fi%+ 9 succe$+ ye>s 9 high nor!rn latitudes1 &1 9 #afaa1 fir/ attack$ ! :ale ne> ! %ores ( ,spitzb]g52 & t ! ,holl&]s1 & subsequ5tly o!r nations ( ,europe1 p>ticipat$ 9 ! risk & advantages ( ^! nor!rn exp$itions4 ,"s rese>*es1 h[ev]1 on ! orig9 ( ?is fi%]y1 c>ri$ on 9 ! nor!rn seas1 w be suffici5t to rectify ! error ( ^! conclusions1 by prov+ t ! :ale-fi%]y by ,europeans may be trac$ z f> back at lea/ z ! n9? c5tury4 ,! e>lie/ au!nticat$ acc\nt ( a fi%]y = :ales is probably t conta9$ 9 ,oh!re's voyage1 by ,alfr$ ! ,great4 ,?is voyage 0 und]tak5 ab\t #hij1 by ,oh!re1 a native ( ,halgol&1 9 ! diocese ( ,dron!91 a p]son ( consid]able weal? 9 8 own c\ntry1 f motives ( m]e curiosity1 at 8 own risk1 & "u 8 p]sonal sup]9t5d5ce4 ,on ?is occasion1 ,oh!re sail$ to ! nor?w>d1 along ! coa/ ( ,norway1 r\nd ! ,nor? ,cape1 to ! entrance ( ! ,:ite ,sea4 ,?ree days aft] leav+ ,dron!91 or ,halgol&1 8he 0 come z f> t[>ds ! nor? z commonly ! :ale-hunt]s us$ to travel40 ,"h ,oh!re evid5tly alludes to ! hunt]s ( ! walrus1 or sea-horse2 b subsequ5tly1 he speaks po9t$ly z to a fi%]y = "s species ( cetace\s animals hav+ be5 at t p]iod practis$ by ! ,norwegians4 ,he told ! k+1 t ) reg>d to ! common k9d ( :ales1 ! place ( mo/ & be/ hunt+ = !m 0 9 8 own c\ntry1 8:]e( "s be =ty-eight ells ( l5g? & "s fifty10 ( :i* sort1 he affirm$1 t he himself 0 "o ( ! six :o1 9 ! space ( ?ree 7two7 days1 kill$ ?reescore4 ,f ?is x w\ld appe>1 t ! :ale-fi%]y 0 n only prosecut$ by ! ,norwegians s e>ly z ! n9? c5tury1 b t ,oh!re himself _h p]sonal k ( x4 ,! voyage ( ,oh!re is a docum5t ( mu* value 9 hi/ory1 bo? 9 respect to ! matt] ( x1 & ! high "* ( ! au?or by :om x has be5 pres]v$4 ,by a slight alt]ation 9 ! read+ ( ! ,saxon manuscript1 z sugge/$ by ,turn]1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,anglo-,saxons1 x is possible to suppose t ! ?reescore animals sla9 by ,oh!re 9 two days 7 n :ales b dolph9s4 ,?is supposition removes ! improbability ( ! exploit record$1 & does n contradict or expla9 away ! fact ( l>g] :ales hav+ be5 likewise hunt$ & captur$4 ,a ,dani% "w1 :i* !re is reason to believe is ( a date mu* e>li] ?an t :i* we assign to ! fir/ fi%]y ( ! ,basques1 decl>es t ! ,icel&]s 7 9 ! habit ( pursu+ ! :ales1 :i* !y kill$ on ! %ore1 & t ^! isl&]s subsi/$ on ! fle% ( "s "o ( ! species4 ,& ,langebek does n hesitate to ass]t1 t ! fi%]y ( ! :ale 7hovlfang/1 by :i* he probably means a species ( delph9us17 0 practis$ 9 ! mo/ nor!rn c\ntries ( ,europe 9 ! n9? c5tury4 ,"u ! date ( #hge1 9 a book entitl$ ! 8,translation & ,miracles ( ,/4 ,vaa/10 m5tion is made ( ! :ale-fi%]y on ! ,fr5* coa/4 ,9 ! 8,life ( ,/4 ,arn\ld1 bi%op ( ,soissons10 a "w ( ! elev5? c5tury1 p>ticul> m5tion is made ( ! fi%]y by ! h>poon1 on ! occasion ( a miracle said to h be5 p]=m$ by ! sa9t4 ,!re are also diff]5t au?orities = suppos+ t a :ale-fi%]y 0 c>ri$ on ne> ! coa/ ( ,norm&y & ,fl&]s1 f ! elev5? to ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,! ,engli%1 x is to be expect$1 did n rema9 long beh9d _! cont95tal neighb\rs 9 ?is lucrative pursuit4 ,x is difficult to det]m9e :e!r ! :ales ref]r$ to 9 ! few e>ly docum5ts :i* we possess1 7 su* z 7 run on ! ,engli% %ore by accid5t1 or subdu$ by ! ,engli% on ! high sea4 ,by ,acts ( ,p>liam5t1 ,a4,d4 #acae & #acbd1 ! wrecks ( :ales1 ca/ by *ance ^u ! %ore1 or :ales or great /urgeons tak5 9 ! sea1 7 to belong to ! k+4 ,h5ry ,,iv4 gave1 9 #adae1 to ! *ur* ( ,ro*e/]1 ! ti! ( ! :ales tak5 along ! %ores ( t bi%opric4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! inhabitants ( ! %ores ( ! ,bay ( ,biscay 7 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ :ale-fi%]s4 ,at fir/1 !y conf9$ _! attacks to ^? animals1 probably ! ,balna ro/rata ( ,l9nu1 :i* us$ to pres5t !mselves 9 ! ,bay ( ,biscay at a c]ta9 season e ye>4 ,gradually becom+ bold]1 ! ,biscayans advanc$ t[>ds ! coa/s ( ,icel&1 ,gre5l&1 & ,newf\ndl&1 9 ! pursuit4 ,! ,icel&]s unit$ _! en]gies ) ! ,biscayans1 & conduct$ ! :ale-fi%]y on s ext5sive a scale1 t1 t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! numb] ( vessels annually employ$ by ! unit$ nations am\nt$ to a fleet ( fifty or sixty sail4 ,! fir/ attempt ( ! ,engli% to capture ! :ale1 ( :i* we h any satisfactory acc\nt1 0 made 9 ! ye> #aeid4 ,diff]5t %ips 7 fitt$ out = ,cape ,breton at ! entrance ( ! ,gulf ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 "p ( :i* 7 de/9$ = ! walrus-fi%]y1 & ! rema9d] = ! :ale-fi%]y4 ,! ,grace1 ( ,bri/ol1 "o ( ^! vessels1 took on bo>d #gjj or #hjj :ale-f9s1 or lam9 ( :alebone1 :i* !y f\nd 9 ! ,bay ( ,/4 ,george1 :]e two l>ge ,biscayan fi%]m5 _h be5 wreck$ ?ree ye>s be=e4 ,?is is ! fir/ notice ,i h met ) ( ! importation ( ?is article into ,great ,brita94 ,h[ev] d\btful x might h appe>$ at "o "t :e!r ! ,engli% or ! ,dut* fir/ visit$ ,spitzb]g51 ! claim ( ! ,engli% to ! discov]y & fir/ practice ( ! :ale-fi%]y on ! coa/s ( ^! isl&s /&s undisput$1 ! ,dut* !mselves all[+ t ! ,engli% prec$$ !m f\r ye>s4 ,! m]*ants ( ,hull1 :o 7 ev] rem>kable = _! assidu\s & ent]priz+ _s1 fitt$ out %ips = ! :ale-fi%]y s e>ly z ! ye> #aeih1 :i* !y cont9u$ regul>ly to prosecute on ! coa/s ( ,icel& & ne> ! ,nor? ,cape = sev]al ye>s2 & aft] ! re-discov]y ( ,spitzb]g5 by ,hudson1 9 #afjg1 !y 7 ! fir/ to pu% =w>d to its coa/s4 ,capta9 ,jonas ,poole 01 9 ! ye> #afaj1 s5t out on a voyage ( discov]y by ! 8,company = ! ,discov]y ( unkn[n ,c\ntries10 ! 8,muscovy ,company10 or ! 8,russia ,company10 z x 0 subsequ5tly d5om9at$4 ,on 8 return1 ! company fitt$ out two %ips = ! fi%]y2 ! ,m>ie ,m>g>et1 ( #afj tons1 "u ! direction ( ,?omas ,edge1 factor2 & ! ,elizabe?1 ( #fj tons1 ,jonas ,poole1 ma/]4 ,9 ?is voyage1 bo? %ips 7 lo/1 b ! c>go 0 br\ght home 9 a ,hull %ip4 ,su* a novel ent]prize z ! capture ( :ales1 :i* 0 r5d]$ practical1 & ev5 easy1 by ! numb] 9 :i* !y 7 f\nd1 & ! conv5i5ce ( ! situations 9 :i* !y occurr$--an ent]prize at ! same "t calculat$ to enri* ! adv5tur]s f> beyond any o!r bran* ( trade !n practis$--creat$ a great agitation1 & drew t[>ds x ! att5tion ( all ! comm]cial p ( ,europe4 ,) t eag]ness :i* m5 inv>iably display 9 ! advancem5t ( _! worldly int]e/s1 b :i* is seldom direct$ ) equal vig\r to objects ( high] & et]nal importance1 ! m]cantile _s 0 conc5trat$ on ?is new qu>t]1 & vessels f v>i\s ports began to be fitt$ = ! fi%]y4 ,9 ! next ye>1 ?ree =eign %ips made _! appe>ance along ) ! two belong+ to ! ,russia ,company4 ,! ,engli%1 jeal\s ( ! int]f]5ce ( ! ,dut*1 w\ld n all[ !m to fi%1 & oblig$ !m to return home4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ! ,engli% ,russia ,company obta9$ a royal *>t]1 exclud+ all o!rs1 bo? natives & =eign]s1 f ! fi%]y1 & !y equipp$ sev5 arm$ vessels = ! purpose ( ma9ta9+ _! pr]ogative4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! season1 ! ,engli% attack$ ! =eign vessels1 & took f !m ! great] proportion ( ! blubb]1 or oil1 & :ale-f9s1 :i* !y _h procur$1 driv+ !m1 toge!r ) "s ,engli% %ips fitt$ out by private individuals1 out ( ! c\ntry4 ,9 #afad1 a company 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,am/]dam1 & a *>t] obta9$ = ?ree ye>s2 %ips ( w> 7 s5t out1 & ! ,holl&]s1 9 defiance ( ! ,engli%1 7 able to fi% )\t int]ruption4 ,! ,engli% got b half-lad51 & ! ,dut* made b a poor fi%+4 ,aft] v>i\s disagreem5ts1 & ! arrival ( ! vessels ( o!r p[]s on ! fi%+-/ations1 :i* t5d$ to divide ! qu>rel1 a conf]5ce = ! purpose ( adju/+ _! diff]5ces ensu$ betwe5 ! capta9s ( ! rival nations1 & !y agre$ at l5g? to a division ( ^? f9e bays & commodi\s h>b\rs ) :i* ! :ole coa/ ( ,spitzb]g5 ab\nd$4 ,! ,engli% obta9$ ! fir/ *oice1 & a great] numb] ( bays & h>b\rs ?an any ( ! re/4 ,aft] ! ,engli%1 ! ,dut*1 ,danes1 ,hamburgh]s1 & ,biscayans1 &1 f9ally1 ! ,spani>ds & ,fr5*1 took up _! positions4 ,?us we p]ceive ! orig9 ( ! names ( ! diff]5t places call$ ,engli% ,bay1 ,holl&]s' ,bay1 ,danes' ,bay1 etc4 ,^! arrangem5ts hav+ be5 adopt$1 ea* nation prosecut$ ! fi%]y 9 its own possession1 or along ! sea-coa/1 :i* 0 free = all4 ,x 0 und]/ood1 h[ev]1 t ! %ips ( any nation might resort to any ( ! bays or h>b\rs :atev]1 = ! conv5i5ce ( await+ a fav\rable w9d1 tak+ refuge f a /orm1 or any o!r em]g5cy4 ,to prev5t ! prosecution ( ! fi%]y 9 bays belong+ to o!r nations1 x 0 agre$ t :5ev] a boat 0 l[]$ 9 a /range h>b\r1 or happ5$ to r[ into ! same1 ! h>poon 0 always to be remov$ f its re/1 s z n to be 9 read9ess = use4 ,all ! e>ly adv5tur]s on ! :ale-fi%]y 7 indebt$ to ! ,biscayans = _! sup]9t5d5ce & help4 ,!y 7 ! h>poon]s1 & ! coop]s 8skilful 9 sett+ up ! /av$ cask40 ,at ?is p]iod1 ea* %ip c>ri$ two pr9cipals2 ! comm&]1 :o 0 a native1 0 prop]ly ! navigator1 z 8 *ief *>ge consi/$ 9 conduct+ ! %ip to & f ,gre5l&2 ! o!r1 :o 0 call$ by ! ,dut*1 specksynd]1 or cutt] ( ! fat1 z 8 "n implies1 0 a ,biscayan1 & _h ! unlimit$ control ( ! p 9 ! fi%]y1 &1 inde$1 e op]ation belong+ to x 0 entirely confid$ to him4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! fi%]y became bett] kn[n1 ! comm&] assum$ ! g5]al sup]9t5d5ce1 & ! specksynd]1 or specksione]1 is n[ ! pr9cipal h>poon]1 & has ! 8ord]+ ( ! fat10 & ! extract+ or boil+ ( ! oil ( ! :ale1 b s]ves "u ! direction ( ! comm&]4 ,! ,dut* pursu$ ! :ale-fi%]y ) m vig\r ?an ! ,engli%1 & ) /ill bett] effect4 ,x 0 no uncommon ?+ = !m to procure su* va/ quantities ( oil t empty %ips 7 requir$ to take home ! sup]abundant produce4 ,9 #afbb1 ! *>t] ( ! ,am/]dam ,company 0 r5ew$ = twelve ye>s1 & ! *>t] ( ! ,zeal& ,society 0 ext5d$ ab\t ! same "t1 :]eby ! latt] 7 all[$ to e/abli% !mselves 9 ,jan ,may5 ,isl&1 & to erect boil+-h\ses & coop]ages 9 common ) _! associates4 ,! privileges ( ^! companies1 occasion+ ! exclusion ( all o!r p]sons belong+ to ! ,unit$ ,prov9ces1 produc$ a consid]able degree ( discont5t1 :5 ! fi%]y1 t[>ds ! expiration ( ^! la/ *>t]s1 0 9 its mo/ fl\ri%+ /ate4 ,! /ates-g5]al ( ,friesl& 7 induc$ to grant a *>t] to a company =m$ 9 t prov9ce1 :i* end[$ !m ) simil> privileges to ^? ( ! o!r companies ( ,holl&4 ,! ,friesl&]s1 9 ! ye> #afcd1 p]ceiv$ ! advantage ( procur+ ! sanction ( ! ,zeal& & ,am/]dam companies to _! "r to p>ticipate 9 ! fi%]y1 & aft] negotiation1 ! ?ree companies1 accord+ to /ipulat$ conditions1 contract$ a triple union4 ,! ,dut* foll[$ ! :ale-fi%]y ) p]sev]ance & pr(it1 & 7 successfully imitat$ by ! ,hamburgh]s & o!r fi%]m5 ( ! ,elbe1 b ! ,engli% made only occasional voyages4 ,x became app>5t to ! adv5tur]s 9 ! :ale-fi%]y1 t consid]able advantages might be realiz$ c\ld ,spitzb]g5 be resort$ to z a p]man5t resid5ce1 & !y 7 desir\s ( asc]ta9+ ! possibility ( ! human species subsi/+ ?r\gh\t ! w9t] 9 ?is inhospitable climate4 ,! ,engli% m]*ants (f]$ consid]able rew>ds1 & ! ,russia ,company procur$ ! reprieve ( "s culprits :o 7 convict$ ( capital (f5ces1 to :om !y promis$ p>don & a pecuni>y remun]ation if !y w\ld rema9 a s+le ye> 9 ,spitzb]g54 ,! fe> ( imm$iate dea? induc$ !m to comply2 b :5 !y 7 c>ri$ out & %[$ ! desolate1 froz51 & frightful c\ntry !y 7 to inhabit1 !y %rank back ) horror1 & solicit$ to be return$ home to suff] dea? 9 pref]5ce to enc\nt]+ su* appall+ dang]s4 ,) ?is reque/ ! capta9 :o _h !m 9 *>ge humanely compli$1 & on _! return to ,engl& ! company int]c$$ on _! behalf1 & procur$ p>don4 ,probably x 0 ab\t ! same "t t n9e m51 :o 7 by accid5t sep>at$ f "o ( ! ,london fi%+-%ips1 7 left beh9d 9 ,spitzb]g52 all ( !m p]i%$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! w9t]1 & _! bodies 7 f\nd 9 ! ensu+ summ] %ock+ly mangl$ by bea/s ( prey4 ,! same ma/] :o ab&on$ ^! poor wret*es to s mis]able a fate 0 oblig$1 by ! drift+ ( ! ice t[>ds ! %ore1 to leave eight ( 8 crew1 :o 7 engag$ 9 hunt+ re9de] = provision = ! passage home1 9 ! ye> #afcj4 ,^! m51 l ! =m]1 7 ab&on$ to _! fate2 = on proce$+ to ! usual places ( resort & r5dezv\s1 !y p]ceiv$ ) horror t _! own1 toge!r ) all ! o!r fi%+-%ips1 _h dep>t$4 ,by means ( ! provisions procur$ by hunt+1 ! fritt]s ( ! :ale left 9 boil+ ! blubb]1 & ! accid5tal supplies ( be>s1 foxes1 seals1 & sea-horses1 toge!r ) ! judici\s application ( ! build+s :i* 7 erect$ 9 ,bell ,s\nd1 :]e !y took up _! abode1 !y 7 enabl$ n only to support life1 b ev5 to ma9ta9 _! heal? little impair$1 until ! arrival ( ! fleet 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,x is surely p]mitt$ u to hope1 t amid/ ! retirem5t & dre>9ess ( ^! froz5 regions1 ^! h>dy sailors f\nd opportunities = s]i\s reflection & pray] to ! ,god ( heav51 & t _! m9ds1 ) et]nity s ne> to !m1 7 suffici5tly acqua9t$ ) ! "o way ( salvation to yield !mselves to ,him :o is able to pres]ve 8 s]vants unto life et]nal4 ,! pres]vation ( ^! m5 reviv$ 9 ! ,dut* ! desire ( e/abli%+ colonies1 & 9 consequ5ce ( c]ta9 enc\ragem5ts proclaim$ ?r\gh\t ! fleet1 sev5 m5 volunte]$ _! s]vices1 7 l&$ at ,am/]dam ,isl&1 furni%$ ) ! ne$ful articles ( provisions1 etc41 & 7 left by ! fleet on ! #cj? ( ,augu/1 #afcc4 ,ab\t ! same "t1 ano!r p>ty1 likewise consi/+ ( sev5 volunte]s1 7 l&$ on ,jan ,may5 ,isl&1 & left by _! comrades to endure ! l pa9ful s]vice ) ! =m]4 ,on ! return ( ! fleet 9 ! succe$+ ye>1 ?is la/ p>ty 7 all f\nd dead f ! effects ( ! scurvy2 b ! o!r1 :i* 0 left 9 ,spitzb]g51 n9e degrees fur!r t[>ds ! nor?1 all surviv$4 ,o!r sev5 volunte]s propos$ to repeat ! exp]im5t 9 ,spitzb]g5 dur+ ! ensu+ w9t]1 & 7 quitt$ by _! comrades on ! #aa? ( ,septemb]1 #afcd4 ,!y all fell victims to ! scurvy4 ,! ,dut*1 enc\rag$ by ! hope t ! pr(itable nature ( ! :ale-fi%]y w\ld cont9ue unabat$1 incurr$ v great exp5ses 9 mak+ secure1 ample1 & p]man5t erections1 :i* !y gradually ext5d$ 9 su* a degree t at l5g? !y assum$ ! =m ( a respectable village1 to :i*1 f ! ,dut* words 8sme]10 signify+ fat1 & 8b]g510 to put up1 !y gave ! "n ( ,sme]5b]g4 ,_! expectations ( cont9u$ success 7 n1 h[ev]1 ju/ifi$1 & ! fi%]y began to decl9e s rapidly f ! ye> #afcf-g1 to ! t]m9ation ( ! company's *>t]s1 t _! losses are /at$ on "s occasions to h exce$$ _! =m] pr(its4 ,on ! expiration ( ! *>t]s1 9 ! ye> #afdb1 _! r5ewal 0 refus$ by ! /ates-g5]al1 & ! trade 0 laid entirely op5 to all adv5tur]s4 ,x increas$ 9 consequ5ce almo/ t5fold2 & on ! dissolution ( ! monopoly1 ! %ipp+ 9 ! :ale-fi%]y comm]ce accumulat$ to betwe5 two & ?ree hundr$ sail4 ,prior to ! "t :5 ! trade 0 laid op51 ! ,jan ,may5 :ale-fi%]y1 l t ( ,spitzb]g51 atta9$ its maximum4 ,! prodigi\s de/ruction ( :ales occasion$ _! )drawal1 & ! isl& 0 at l5g? ab&on$ z a :ale-fi%+ /ation4 ,! :ale-fi%]y ( ! ,dut* 0 some:at susp5d$ by ! w> ) ,engl& 9 #afec2 b betwe5 ! ye>s #affj & #afgj1 f\r or five hundr$ sail ( ,dut* & ,hamburgh %ips 7 ye>ly visitants to ! coa/s ( ,spitzb]g51 :ile ! ,engli% sometimes did n s5d a s+le %ip4 ,! ,briti% gov]nm5t saw ) regret su* a pr(itable & valuable speculation entirely laid aside4 ,to enc\rage1 !re=e1 its r5ewal1 an ,act ( ,p>liam5t 0 pass$ 9 #afgb1 :]eby ! rig\rs ( ! ,navigation ,act 7 disp5s$ )1 & its ess5tial prop]ties s modifi$ = ! t5 foll[+ ye>s t a vessel = ! :ale-fi%]y1 be+ ,briti%-built1 & hav+ a ma/] & "o-half ( ! crew ,briti% subjects1 might c>ry natives ( ,holl&1 or o!r exp]t fi%]s1 to ! am\nt ( ! o!r half4 ,9 ! ye> #afic 0 =m$ ! 8,company ( ,m]*ants ( ,london1 trad+ to ,gre5l&10 to :om 0 grant$ an ext5sion ( ! indulg5ces all[$ by ?is ,act ( ,p>liam5t4 ,f v>i\s losses1 comb9$1 probably1 ) unskilful managem5t1 ?is company 0 s un=tunate t1 be=e ! conclusion ( _! t]m1 _! capital ( #hb1jjj 0 entirely exp5d$4 ,^! circum/ances t5d$ mu* to disc\rage ! subjects ( ,great ,brita9 f mak+ any vigor\s attempt to r5ew ! fi%]y4 ,! direct importation ( ,gre5l& produce into ,engl& be+ inconsid]able1 its importation f ,holl& or o!r =eign /ates 0 p]mitt$2 :alebone1 h[ev]1 0 requir$ to be br\ght into ! c\ntry 9 f9s only1 & n cut1 or 9 any way manufactur$2 nor c\ld x be l&$ be=e ! duty *>geable !reon 0 secur$ or paid1 "u p5alty ( ! =feiture ( ! goods & d\ble _! value4 ,imm5se sums 7 annually paid to =eign]s = :alebone at ?is p]iod4 ,x 0 n1 x appe>s1 until ! :ale-fi%]y 0 on ! decl9e at ,spitzb]g51 t ! ,davis's ,/rait fi%]y 0 resort$ to4 ,! ,dut* s5t _! fir/ %ips 9 ! ye> #agai4 ,! %ipp+ employ$ 9 ! ,gre5l& & ,davis's ,/rait :ale-fi%]ies1 9 #agba1 by =eign nations1 am\nt$ to ?ree hundr$ & fifty-five sail4 ,:51 by ! lapse ( "s ye>s1 ! unfav\rable impression produc$ on ! m9ds ( speculative p]sons by ! imm5se losses suff]$ by ,engli% adv5tur]s 9 ! :ale-fi%]y _h p>tly worn (f1 ! propriety ( attempt+ ?is trade 0 sugge/$ by ,h5ry ,elk+1 & 0 propos$ to ! directors ( ! well-kn[n ,s\? ,sea ,company4 ,! ,briti% legislature1 by exempt+ ! produce ( ! ,gre5l& ,seas f exi/+ duties on ! condition ( its be+ import$ 9 ,briti% %ips1 held out enc\ragem5ts to ! company simil> to ^? (f]$ to =m] adv5tur]s4 ,! ,s\? ,sea ,company caus$ a fleet ( twelve new %ips1 ab\t #cjf tons' burd5 ea*1 to be built 9 ! riv] ,?ames1 equipp$ ea* vessel ) ! necess>y supplies ( cordage1 casks1 & fi%+ in/rum5ts1 & engag$ = _! use ! duke ( ,b$=d's wet-dock at ,dept=d1 :]e boil+-h\ses & o!r conv5i5ces 7 con/ruct$4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #agbe1 ! fleet be+ all 9 read9ess1 put to sea1 & return$ safe ) tw5ty-five & a half :ales4 ,! proce$s ( ?is voyage1 ?\gh sc>cely suffici5t to pay ! exp5ses incurr$ by ! fitm5ts & ! hire ( =eign h>poon]s1 7 yet sup]ior to ^? ( any succe$+ ye> dur+ ! p]iod 9 :i* ! company pursu$ ! trade4 ,= eight successive ye>s ! company p]sev]$ 9 ! :ale-fi%]y1 ) indiff]5t or bad success1 & aft] ! season ( #agcb 7 compell$ to ab&on x4 ,9 #agcf1 a ,london %ip1 :i* visit$ ! :ale-fi%]y1 procur$ a c>go ( sev5 fi%--a degree ( success :i* 0 =tunately diff]5t f t ( mo/ ( ! antec$5t ,engli% :al]s4 ,! ,engli% gov]nm5t (f]$ a b\nty ( tw5ty %ill+s p] ton on ! burd5 or tonnage ( all ,briti% :ale-fi%+ %ips ( #bjj tons or upw>ds2 & ?is1 9 #agdi1 0 increas$ to =ty %ill+s p] ton4 ,gradually ! ,briti% :ale-fi%]y began to assume a respectable & hopeful appe>ance4 ,! comb9$ fleets ( ,engl& & ,scotl&1 9 ! ye> #ageb1 am\nt$ to =ty sail2 9 #agec1 to =ty-n9e2 9 #aged1 to sixty-sev51 9 #agee1 to eighty-two2 & 9 ! ye> foll[+1 to eighty-?ree sail--:i* 0 ! greate/ numb] ( %ips employ$ 9 ! trade = ! tw5ty ye>s foll[+2 :ile ! lea/ numb] am\nt$ to =ty sail dur+ ! same p]iod4 ,on ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,briti% :ale-fi%]y1 ! legislature direct$ its att5tion to ! means = secur+ ! p]petuity ( ! trade1 & ! economical application ( ! b\nty4 ,^! enactm5ts 7 n c>ri$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons )\t consid]able debate4 ,9 #agfh1 ! k+ ( ,prussia1 int]e/+ himself 9 ! ,gre5l& fi%]y1 caus$ "s %ips to be equipp$ f ,emd52 & 9 #aghd1 ! k+ ( ,france attempt$ ! revival ( ! :ale-fi%]y1 by equipp+1 at 8 own exp5se1 six %ips 9 ! port ( ,dunkirk4 ,9 #aghe1 ! k+ ( ,d5m>k1 9 imitation ( ! ,engli%1 grant$ a b\nty ( ab\t ?irty %ill+s /]l+ p] ton1 to all vessels 9 ! ,gre5l& & ,icel& fi%]ies1 on ! condition ( ! %ips be+ fitt$ out & _! c>goes sold 9 a ,dani% port4 ,! ,act ( ! ,briti% ,p>liam5t ( #aghf1 embody+ sev]al additional regulations on ! subject ( ! :ale-fi%]y1 & rehe>s+ & revis+ =m] acts1 has ev] s9ce be5 consid]$ ! fundam5tal act on ! subject ( ! ,gre5l& & ,davis's ,/rait :ale-fi%]y4 ,by acc\nts laid ^u ! table ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons dur+ ?is session1 x appe>$ t ! b\nties grant$ = ! enc\ragem5t ( ! ,briti% :ale-fi%]ies1 c>ri$ on 9 ! ,gre5l& ,sea & ,davis's ,/rait1 f ! ye> #agcc1 :5 b\nties 7 fir/ giv51 to ! end ( #aghe1 _h am\nt$ to #a1jfd1bgb4 #ahs4 #b;d4 = ,engl&1 & #bjb1aeh4 #afs4 #aa;d4 = ,scotl&4 ,by a subsequ5t act1 ! b\nty 0 r$uc$ to tw5ty-five %ill+s p] ton1 f ! #be? ( ,decemb]1 #agib1 to ! #be? ( ,decemb]1 #agie2 & f ?is p]iod until ! expiration ( ! act 9 #agih1 to tw5ty %ill+s p] ton1 at :i* latt] rate x has cont9u$ ev] s9ce4 ,f a li/1 x appe>s1 t 9 #aghh1 #bee ,briti% %ips sail$ = ! :ale-fi%]y1 ( :i* #abi 7 ( a burd5 "u #cjj tons2 #ig ( #cjj to #cej tons2 #af ( #cej to #djj tons2 #aa ( #djj to #ejj tons2 #a ( #efe tons2 & #a ( #ihg tons4 ,!y 7 fitt$ out f ! ports ( ,london1 ,hull1 ,liv]pool1 ,:itby1 ,newca/le1 ,y>m\?1 ,sund]l&1 ,lynn1 ,lei?1 ,ipswi*1 ,dunb>1 ,ab]de51 ,bo'ness1 ,glasg[1 ,montrose1 ,dundee1 ,exet]1 ,:itehav51 ,/ockton1 ,gre5ock1 ,sc>bor\gh1 ,grangem\?1 & ,que5sf]ry4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,situation ,,( ,,! ,,e>ly ,,:ale-,,fi%]y--,,! ,,mann] ,,9 ,,:i* ,,x ,,0 ,,conduct$--,,& ,,! ,,alt]ations ,,:i* ,,h ,,tak5 ,,place4 ,imm$iately aft] ! discov]y ( ,spitzb]g5 by ,hudson1 9 ! ye> #afjg1 ! walrus-fi%]s1 :o c>ri$ on an ext5sive & pr(itable bus9ess at ,*]ie ,isl&1 f9d+ ! animals ( _! pursuit become %y & less abundant1 ext5d$ _! voyage to ! nor?w>d1 until !y fell 9 ) ,spitzb]g51 ! newly discov]$ c\ntry1 ab\t ! "t :5 ! ,russian ,company equipp$ _! fir/ %ips = ! ,gre5l& :ale-fi%]y4 ,z ! coa/ ab\nd$ ) :ales & sea-horses1 ,*]ie ,isl& 0 des]t$1 & ,spitzb]g5 became ! sc5e ( future ent]prize4 ,at ?is "t1 ! my/icetus 0 f\nd 9 imm5se numb]s ?r\gh\t ! :ole ext5t ( ! coa/1 & 9 ! diff]5t capaci\s bays ) :i* x ab\nds4 ,nev] hav+ be5 di/urb$1 ^! animals 7 unconsci\s ( dang]2 !y all[$ !mselves to be s closely approa*$ t !y fell an easy prey to ! c\rage\s fi%]m54 ,x 0 n necess>y t ! %ips %\ld cruise abroad1 ?r\gh\t ! ext5d$ regions ( ! ,pol> ,seas1 z !y d at ! pres5t "t1 = ! :ales be+ abundant 9 ! bays1 ! %ips 7 an*or$ 9 "s conv5i5t situation1 & g5]ally rema9$ at _! moor+s until _! c>goes 7 complet$4 ,n only did ! coa/ ( ,spitzb]g5 ab\nd ) :ales1 b ! %ore ( ,jan ,may5 ,isl&1 9 proportion to its ext5t1 af=d$ !m 9 l abundance4 ,! me?od us$ = captur+ :ales1 at ?is p]iod1 0 usually by means ( ! h>poon & lance1 ?\gh ! ,dut* in=m u t ! ,engli% made use ( nets made ) /rong ropes = ! purpose4 ,! h>poon1 :i* 0 ! in/rum5t us$ 9 g5]al practice = effect+ _! entanglem5t1 consi/$1 z at pres5t1 ( a b>b$ or arr[-%ap$ iron d>t1 two or ?ree feet 9 l5g?1 to :i* 0 atta*$ a wood5 h&le1 = conv5i5ce 9 /rik+ or ?r[+ x into ! :ale4 ,fa/5$ to ! h>poon 0 a l9e or rope ?ree hundr$ fa?oms 9 l5g?2 m ?an suffici5t to rea* ! bottom 9 ! bays1 :]e ! dep? ( ! wat] seldom exce$s eighty or "o hundr$ fa?oms2 s t on a fi% desc5d+ aft] be+ /ruck1 ! end ( ! l9e c\ld always be deta9$ 9 ! boat4 ,! movem5ts ( ?is boat1 ( c\rse1 correspond$ ) ^? ( ! :ale2 & s closely po9t$ out its position1 t1 on its reappe>ance at ! surface1 ! o!r assi/+ boats 7 usually v ne> ! place4 ,x 0 !n vigor\sly pursu$1 secur$ by a suffici5t numb] ( h>poons1 & la/ly attack$ repeat$ly ) lances until x 0 kill$4 ,! lance 9 use 0 an iron spe> ) a wood5 h&le1 altoge!r t5 or twelve feet 9 l5g?4 ,! capture ( ! fi%1 9 :i*1 ow+ to ! p>ticul> excell5ce ( ! situation1 !y seldom fail$1 be+ accompli%$1 x 0 t[$ by ! boats1 r[+ "o be=e ano!r 8l a team ( horses10 to ! %ip's /]n1 :]e x lay unt\*$ f "o to two or ?ree days4 ,! fat be+ !n remov$ 0 c>ri$ to ! %ore1 :]e ample conv5i5ces be+ erect$1 x 0 aft]w>ds subject$ to heat 9 a boil]1 & ! great] "p ( ! oil extract$4 ,z ! usual process ( ! e>ly fi%]s = extract+ ! oil may be int]e/+ to "s read]s1 ,i %all attempt to describe x1 foll[+ ! acc\nts by capta9s ,&]son & ,gray1 ^: pap]s are pres]v$ among ! manuscripts 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,! blubb] be+ made fa/ to ! %ore1 a 8wat]side man10 /&+ 9 a pair ( boots1 mid-leg 9 ! sea1 flay$ (f ! fle%y p>ts1 & cut ! blubb] into pieces1 ( ab\t two hundr$ weight ea*4 ,two m51 ) a b>r[1 !n c>ri$ x1 piece by piece1 to a /age or plat=m1 erect$ by ! side ( ! works1 :]e a man1 d5om9at$ a 8/age-cutt]10 arm$ ) a long knife1 slic$ x into pieces1 "o & a half in*es ?ick1 & ab\t a foot long1 & !n pu%$ x into an adjo9+ receptacle1 call$ a 8slic+ cool]40 ,imm$iately beyond ?is cool]1 five or six *opp]s 7 arrang$ 9 a l9e1 ) blocks ( :ales' tails be=e !m2 & adjo9+ ^! blocks 0 ano!r vessel1 call$ a 8*opp+ cool]10 ( two or ?ree tons' capacity4 ,^! m51 be+ situat$ betwe5 ! two cool]s1 took ! slic$ blubb] f ! slic+ cool]1 &1 aft] r$uc+ x into little bits1 sc>cely "o-f\r? ( an in* ?ick1 & an in* or two long1 pu%$ x into ! *opp+ cool]4 ,^! op]ations 7 c>ri$ on z ne> z conv5i5t to ! place :]e ! copp] 0 erect$4 ,! copp] held only half a ton4 ,x 0 furni%$ ) a furnace1 & ! requisite app5dages4 ,a man1 designat$ 8tub-fill]10 ) a ladle ( copp]1 0 employ$ 9 fill+ a hog%ead ) *opp$ blubb]1 dragg+ x to ! copp]1 & empty+ x 91 until ! copp] 0 full4 ,a fire ( wood 01 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 appli$1 b aft] a copp] or two _h be5 boil$1 ! f9ks or fritt]s 7 always suffici5t to boil ! rema9d] )\t any o!r fuel4 ,:5 ! blubb] 0 suffici5tly boil$1 two m51 call$ 8copp] m510 ) two long-h&l$ copp] ladles1 took ! oil & f9ks out ( ! copp]1 & put x into a 8fritt] b>r[10 :i*1 be+ furni%$ ) a grat+ ( wood 9 place ( a bottom1 dra9$ ! oil f ! fritt]s1 f :5ce x ran into a wood5 tank or cool]1 ( ab\t five tons' capacity4 ,?ree cool]s 7 usually provid$1 & plac$ "s feet asund]1 a little bel[ ea* o!r2 a quantity ( wat] 0 put into ea* be=e ! oil1 & ! oil1 :5ev] x came to a c]ta9 height 9 ! fir/ cool]1 escap$ ?r\gh a hole1 by a sp\t1 into ! second1 ! same way into ! ?ird1 & f !nce1 by a plug-hole1 into ! casks or butts 9 read9ess = its reception4 ,:5 ! oil 9 ^! butts 0 ?or\ghly cold1 :atev] x _h contract$ 0 fill$ up1 & ! casks !n roll$ into ! wat]1 &1 9 rafts ( tw5ty toge!r1 7 convey$ into ! %ip4 ,! :alebone 0 sep>at$ f ! gum1 or sub/ance 9 :i* x is imb$d$1 rubb$ clean1 pack$ 9 bundles1 ( sixty lam9 or blades ea*1 & tak5 to ! %ip 9 ! longboat4 ,?us prep>$1 ! c>go 0 convey$ home1 ei!r :5 a suffici5cy 0 procur$1 or ! close ( ! season put an end to ! fi%+ occupations4 ,:ile "s ( ! p belong+ to ! :ale-%ips 7 engag$ 9 boil+ ! blubb]1 ! re/ ( ! crew1 x is probable1 7 occasionally employ$ 9 ! capture ( o!r :ales4 ,besides ! build+s made use ( 9 boil+ ! blubb]1 ! :ale-fi%]s _h o!r build+s on %ore = lodg+ ! blubb]-m5 91 & = ! use ( ! coop]s employ$ 9 prep>+ ! casks4 ,s long z ! :ales rema9$ 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( ! fi%+ e/abli%m5ts1 ! boats 7 s5t out ( ! bay1 ! fi% captur$ at sea1 t[$ into ! h>b\r1 /ripp$ ( ! fat1 & ! blubb] boil$ 9 ! mann] describ$2 b z ! :ales increas$ _! di/ance1 ?is plan ( proc$ure became inconv5i5t1 s t ! %ips began to cruise ab\t ! sea1 to kill ! :ales :]ev] !y f\nd !m1 to take on bo>d ! blubb]1 & only occasionally to ent] a port4 ,s f> n[ f hav+ occasion = empty %ips = c>ry+ away ! sup]abundant produce1 x 0 a matt] ( difficulty & unc]ta9ty to procure a c>go at all2 &1 ) ! mo/ prosp]\s issue1 !re 0 n suffici5t "t = l&+ ! c>go & extract+ ! oil2 ! blubb] 0 !re=e m]ely pack$ 9 casks & convey$ home1 :]e ! rema9+ op]ations ( extract+ ! oil1 & clean+ & prep>+ ! :alebone1 7 complet$4 ,h5ce1 ! v>i\s build+s1 :i* _h be5 erect$ at a great exp5se1 became p]fectly useless2 ! copp]s1 & o!r app>atus t 7 wor? ! removal1 7 tak5 away1 & ! build+s ( all ! diff]5t nations1 bo? at ,spitzb]g5 & at ,jan ,may5 ,isl&1 7 ei!r wantonly raz$ to ! gr\nd1 or suff]$ to fall into a /ate ( decay4 ,:5 ! :ales fir/ approa*$ ! bord]s ( ! ice1 ! fi%]s held ! ice 9 su* dread1 t :5ev] an entangl$ fi% ran t[>ds x1 !y imm$iately cut ! l9e4 ,exp]i5ce1 ?r\gh "t1 inur$ !m to x2 occasionally !y v5tur$ among ! loose ice1 & ! capture ( small :ales at fields 0 at l5g? attempt$1 & succe$$4 ,"s adv5tur\s p]sons sail$ to ! ea/ side ( ,spitzb]g51 :]e ! curr5t1 x is believ$1 has a t5d5cy to turn ! ice aga9/ ! %ore2 yet "h1 f9d+ ! sea1 on "s occasions1 op51 !y attempt$ to prosecute ! fi%]y1 &1 x seems1 ) "s success1 a great :ale-fi%]y hav+ be5 made ne> ,/ans=el&1 9 ! ye> #agjj4 ,! retreat ( ! :ales f ! bays to ! sea-coa/1 !nce to ! banks at a di/ance f l&1 !nce to ! bord]s ( ! ice1 & f9ally to ! %elt]$ situations af=d$ by ! ice1 appe>s to h be5 fully accompli%$ ab\t ! ye> #agjj1 or f t to #agbj4 ,! plan ( prosecut+ ! fi%]y n[ und]w5t a mat]ial *ange1 especially 9 ref]5ce to ! con/ruction ( ! %ips1 & ! quality & quantity ( ! fi%+ app>atus4 ,:5 ! fi%]y c\ld be effect$ entirely 9 ! bay1 or ev5 along ! sea-coa/1 any vessels :i* 7 sea-wor?y1 h[ev] old or t5d]1 7 deem$ suffici5t to proce$ to ,spitzb]g51 & 7 g5]ally f\nd adequate to ! purpose1 especially z !y did n set out till ! spr+ 0 f> advanc$1 !reby avoid+ ob/ructions f ! ice & f sudd5 & de/ructive /orms4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! fi%+ _h to be pursu$ 9 ! op5 sea1 new1 or at lea/ v sub/antial %ips1 became requisite1 & ev5 ^! x 0 f\nd necess>y to /r5g!n on ! b[s & /]n1 & on ! sides1 by additional planks4 ,a great] quantity ( fi%+-/ores also became ne$ful4 ,:5 fi%+ among ! ice1 ! :ales1 aft] hav+ be5 /ruck1 frequ5tly p5etrat$ to a great di/ance out ( ! rea* ( _! assailants1 dragg+ ! l9e away1 until at l5g? !y f\nd x necess>y to cut x to prev5t fur!r loss4 ,h5ce1 by ! frequ5cy ( disa/]s among _! %ips1 ! increas$ exp5se ( _! equipm5t1 & ! liability ( los+ _! fi%+-mat]ials1 su* an additional exp5se 0 occasion$ z requir$ ! practice ( ! mo/ rigid economy to c\nt]balance x4 ,! de/ruction ( ! %ipp+ by ! ice1 9 ! ,dut* fleet alone1 0 frequ5tly ne> tw5ty sail 9 "o ye>1 & on "s occasions above t numb]4 ,! ,gre5l& m5 ( ! pres5t day be+ mo/ly ice-fi%]s1 an acc\nt ( ! improv$ mode ( fi%+ n[ practis$ w be suffici5t = ! illu/ration ( ! me?od foll[$ by ! ,dut* & o!r nations at a m e>ly p]iod1 p>ticul>ly z ! way 9 :i* ! :ale is pursu$ & kill$ is pretty ne>ly ! same at ?is "t z x 0 a hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,davis's ,/rait1 or ! sea ly+ betwe5 ! we/ side ( ,old ,gre5l& & ! ea/ side ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 & its mo/ nor!rn isl&s1 has g5]ally1 s9ce ! close ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 be5 ! sc5e ( an advantage\s :ale-fi%]y4 ,?is fi%]y 0 fir/ attempt$ by ! ,dut*1 9 #agai2 aft] :i* p]iod x 0 usually resort$ to by ab\t ?ree-t5?s ( _! :al]s1 :ile sev5-t5?s proce$$ to ,spitzb]g54 ,?is fi%]y diff]s only f t ( ,spitzb]g5 or ,gre5l&1 9 ! sea be+1 9 _m di/ricts1 less incommod$ ) ice1 & 9 ! climate be+ some:at m mild4 ,! alt]ations :i* h tak5 place 9 x are1 9 "s measure1 simil> to ^? :i* h occurr$ at ,spitzb]g54 ,! fi% :i*1 half a c5tury ago1 appe> to h resort$ to all p>ts ( ! we/]n coa/ ( ,old ,gre5l&1 9 a few ye>s retir$ to ! nor?w>d1 b !y /ill rema9$ ab\t ! coa/4 ,( late1 h[ev]1 !y h des]t$ "s ( ! bays :i* !y =m]ly frequ5t$1 & h be5 pr9cipally caught 9 icy situations 9 a high latitude1 or 9 ! op5+ ( ,hudson's ,/rait1 or at ! bord]s ( ! we/]n ice1 ne> ! coa/ ( ,labrador4 ,baff9's ,bay 0 sugge/$ z an excell5t fi%+-/ation1 by ! voyag] ^: "n x be>s1 s e>ly z ! ye> #afaf1 :5 8 memorable navigation 0 p]=m$4 ,baff91 9 a lett] address$ to ,j4 ,wo/5holm1 esq41 obs]ves1 t great numb]s ( :ales occur 9 ! bay1 & t !y are easy to be /ruck2 &1 ?\gh %ips _c rea* ! prop] places until t[>d ! middle ( ,july1 8yet !y may well t>ry till ! la/ ( ,augu/1 9 :i* space mu* bus9ess may be done1 & good /ore ( oil made40 ,to ?is situation1 :]e ! :ales h nev] be5 mole/$ until rec5tly1 x appe>s !y /ill resort 9 ! same mann]1 & 9 simil> numb]s1 z 9 ! "t ( ,baff94 ,9 #ahag1 two or ?ree ( ! ,davis's ,/rait :al]s proce$$ ?r\gh ! /rait into ,baff9's ,bay1 to a mu* great] l5g? ?an !y 7 9 ! habit ( adv5tur+1 :]e1 9 ! mon?s ( ,july & ,augu/1 !y f\nd ! sea cle> ( ice1 & 9 "s p>ts ab\nd+ ) :ales4 ,a ,lei? %ip1 :i*1 x appe>s1 advanc$ ! fur!/1 made a successful fi%]y 9 lat4 #gf-gg1 aft] ! season :5 x 0 usual = %ips to dep>t4 ,?is fact hav+ become g5]ally kn[n1 sev]al o!r %ips foll[$ ! example1 9 ! season ( #ahah1 & p]sev]$ ?r\gh ! b>ri] ( ice ly+ 9 #gd-ge t[>ds ! nor?4 ,aft] !y _h succe$$ 9 pass+ ?is b>ri]1 !y f\nd1 z 9 ! prec$+ ye>1 a navigable sea1 :]e sev]al %ips met ) consid]able success 9 ! fi%]y1 at a v advanc$ p]iod ( ! season4 ,?is discov]y is likely to prove ( great importance to ! fi%]y ( ,davis's ,/rait4 ,%ips1 :i* fail ( success 9 ! old /ations1 w /ill1 9 ! new fi%]y1 h a res]ve ( ! mo/ promis+ "*4 ,h5ce1 in/ead ( ?is fi%]y be+ necess>ily clos$ 9 ,july1 ! p]iod :5 ! :ales h usually made _! f9al retreat f ! old fi%+-/ations1 x w 9 future be ext5d$ to ! end ( ,augu/ at lea/2 & x may ultimately appe> t !re w be little dang] ( %ips be+ p]man5tly froz5 up1 unless previ\sly beset 9 ! ice dur+ any "p ( ! mon? ( ,septemb]4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,mod]n ,,:ale-,,fi%]y1 ,,z ,,conduct$ ,,at ,,spitzb]g54 ,we comm5ce ?is *apt] ) a description ( a well-adapt$ ,gre5l& %ip1 & ( ! mann] 9 :i* x %\ld be /r5g!n$ to resi/ ! concussions ( ! ice4 ,a %ip int5d$ = ! ,gre5l& or ,davis's ,/rait trade1 %\ld be ( ?ree or f\r hundr$ tons' admeasurem5t1 v sub/antially built1 d\bl$1 & =tifi$2 %\ld h six or sev5 feet p]p5dicul> space betwe5 decks2 %\ld be furni%$ ) a description ( sails :i* are easily work$2 & %\ld possess ! prop]ty ( fa/ sail+4 ,! mo/ appropriate dim5sions ( a %ip int5d$ = ! nor!rn :ale-fi%]ies1 seems to be t :i* is s l>ge z to be capable ( d]iv+ ! greate/ advantage f ! be/ opportunity1 & no l>g]4 ,a vessel ( #bej tons requires ne>ly ! same numb] ( m51 ! same quantity ( provisions & /ores1 & ! same exp5se ( outfit1 z a %ip ( #cej tons' burd52 :ile ! diff]5ce 9 ! c>goes ( ! two vessels :5 fill$1 is 9 "o voyage m ?an a comp5sation = ! diff]5ce 9 ! fir/ exp5se4 ,besides1 = want ( simil> room & conv5i5ce1 ! small] %ip has n always an equal *ance ( succe$+ 9 ! fi%]y ) ! l>g]4 ,&1 z %ips ( ab\t #cej tons' burd5 h be5 occasionally fill$1 vessels ( #bej tons are too small = ! fi%]y4 ,%ips ( #cej tons' burd5 h1 we obs]ve1 be5 occasionally fill$1 b we "k ( no in/ance 9 :i* a %ip ( #djj tons1 ( ! usual capaci\s build1 has be5 defici5t 9 capacity = tak+ 9 z l>ge a c>go z ( late ye>s !re has be5 any opportunity ( procur+4 ,we !re=e conclude1 t an increase ( dim5sions above #djj tons is an actual disadvantage1 & t a %ip ( int]m$iate size1 betwe5 #cjj & #djj tons1 is be/ adapt$ = ! fi%]y4 ,gre5l& %ips1 9 ! e>ly ages ( ! fi%]y1 7 v indiff]5t /ructures1 & ev5 ( late %ipp+ ( inf]ior quality 7 g5]ally deem$ suffici5t = ! trade4 ,at pres5t1 h[ev]1 :5 a good fi%]y is r>ely made )\t frequ5t exposure to ! ice1 & sometimes 9 v critical situations1 ! vessels require to be sub/antially built1 = ! purpose ( resi/+ ! occasional pressure (1 & frequ5t bl[s f1 ! ice1 to :i* ! %ips ( p]sev]+ fi%]m5 mu/ always be m or less expos$4 ,! requisites peculi> to a ,gre5l& %ip1 ! int5tion ( :i* is to af=d additional /r5g?1 consi/ ( d\bl+1 & sometimes trebl+1 & =tify+4 ,! t]ms 8d\bl+0 & 8trebl+10 are expressive ( ! numb] ( lay]s ( planks1 :i* are appli$ to ! ext]ior ( a frame ( timb]s2 h5ce1 a %ip :i* has "o additional s]ies ( planks1 is said to be d\bl$1 & su* %ips z are furni%$ ) two1 or "p ( two1 additional lay]s ( planks1 are said to be trebl$4 ,d\bl+ g5]ally consi/s ( ! application ( two or two half in*es oak plank1 ne> ! b[1 dim9i%+ t[>ds ! /]n to p]haps half t ?ickness1 & ext5d+ 9 "o direction f ! l[] "p ( ! ma9-wales1 to )9 six feet p]p5dicul> ( ! keel =w>d1 & to )9 eight or n9e feet abaft2 &1 9 ! o!r direction1 t is1 =e & aft-wise1 f ! /em to ! /]n-po/4 ,d\bl+ is us$ = produc+ an increase ( /r5g?1 & at ! same "t = pres]v+ ! outside or ma9 planks ( ! %ip f be+ injur$ by ! friction ( pass+ ice4 ,trebl+1 :i* commonly consi/s ( "o & a half to two in*es oak plank1 is g5]ally conf9$ to ! b[s ( ! %ip1 & r>ely ext5ds f>!r aft ?an ! =e-*a9s or *es/ree4 ,x is seldom appli$ b to second-rate %ips4 ,its pr9cipal use is to increase ! /r5g? ( ! %ip ab\t ! b[s1 b x also1 s]ves to pres]ve t "p ( ! d\bl+ :i* x cov]s f be+ de/roy$ by ! ice4 ,=tify+ is ! op]ation ( /r5g!n+ a %ip's /]n & b[s by ! application ( timb] & iron plates to ! ext]ior1 & a va/ numb] ( timb]s & /an*ions to ! int]ior4 ,f\r /raight sub/antial oak timb]s1 call$ ice-beams1 ab\t twelve in*es squ>e & tw5ty-five feet 9 l5g?1 are plac$ b5ea? ! hold-beams1 butt+ ) _! =emo/ extremity aga9/ a /rong =e-hook1 & ext5d+ ne>ly at "r angles across ?ree or f\r ( ! hold-beams1 into ea* ( :i* !y are not*$ & secur$1 at ! po9t ( int]section1 by /rong iron bolts1 ) ! addition ( 8cleats0 on ! aft]mo/-beams4 ,! =e-"p ( ! ice-beams1 :i* butt aga9/ ! hook1 are plac$ at a small di/ance f ea* o!r1 f :5ce !y div]ge 9 su* a way t _! o!r extremities divide ! aft]mo/ beams "u :i* !y pass into five equal p>ts4 ,! next important "p ( ! =tification is ! po9t]s1 :i* consi/ ( f\r or m crook$ timb]s1 fitt+ ! curve ( ! %ip's b[ on ea* side2 ^! are plac$ bel[ ! hold-beams1 aga9/ ! inside ( ! ceil+1 ne>ly p>allel ) ! direction ( ! planks1 "s butt+ aga9/ ! =e-hooks1 & o!rs pass+ betwe5 !m4 ,across ^! po9t]s1 f\r or five small] timb]s1 call$ 8rid]s10 dispos$ at regul> di/ances1 are plac$ at "r angles1 t is1 9 ! same direction z ! ribs ( ! %ip4 ,n[1 f ea* ( ! po9ts ( int]section ( ! rid]s & po9t]s1 consi/+ ( eighte5 or tw5ty on ea* side ( ! %ip1 a /an*ion1 or %ore1 proce$s to ! edge ( "o ( ! two ice-beams1 plac$ on ! same side1 :]e x is secur$ 9 a rabbet4 ,! ice-beams are support$ & connect$ by sev]al /rong pieces ( wood1 plac$ betwe5 ea* two1 9 diff]5t p>ts1 call$ 8c>l+s10 :]eby !y are made to be> z "o4 ,x is evid5t t a bl[ receiv$ on ! />bo>d-b[ w be impress$ on ! adjo9+ po9t]s1 & ! impression communicat$1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! lat]al timb]s1 or %ores1 to ! two ice-beams on ! same side1 !nce by ! c>l+s to ! o!r ice-beams1 & !n1 by ! %ores on ! opposite side to ! l>bo>d-b[ & annex$ po9t]s4 ,a bl[ _c be receiv$ on any "p ( "o b[1 )\t be+ communicat$ by ! =tification to e "p ( ! opposite b[1 :ile e "p to & ?r\gh :i* ! impression is communicat$ mu/ t5d to support t place on :i* ! bl[ is impress$4 ,to pres]ve ! /em f be+ %att]$ or bruis$ by direct bl[s f ! ice1 x is /r5g!n$ by an extra piece call$ ! false1 or ice-/em4 ,on ! side ( ?is are plac$ ! ice-knees1 :i* are angul> *ocks1 or blocks ( wood1 fill+ ! concavity =m$ by ! /em & b[ planks1 & ext5d+ f ab\t ! eight feet m>k to ! load+ m>k4 ,9 ! be/ /yle1 ! ice-knees are twelve to fifte5 in*es 9 ?ickness at ! /em1 dim9i%+ to1 p]haps1 six or eight in*es ?ick at ! di/ance ( ab\t eight feet f ! /em1 f !nce gradually becom+ ?9n]1 until !y fall into & incorporate ) ! common d\bl+1 bel[ ! =e-"p ( ! =e-*a9s4 ,?is makes a neat b[1 & 9 po9t ( /r5g? is mu* pref]able to ! angul> *ocks or knees1 :i* usually ext5d ab\t five or six feet f ! /em1 & !n t]m9ate some:at abruptly ^u ! d\bl+4 ,ice-knees n only /r5g!n ! front ( ! b[s1 & prev5t ! ma9 planks f be+ bruis$ or %att]$1 z f> z !y ext5d1 b likewise protect ! /em f ! twi/+ effect ( a side bl[4 ,! /em & ! small "p ( ! ice-knees adjo9+1 are /ill f>!r def5d$ by plates ( half-in* iron1 call$ ice-plates1 :i* are nail$ ^u ! face ( ! ice-/em1 & p>tly on ! ice-knees1 to prev5t !m be+ cut by ! ice4 ,= additional /r5g?1 z well z conv5i5ce1 ! hold-beams ( a ,gre5l& %ip %\ld be plac$ l[1 or at a great] di/ance f ! deck-beams ?an is usual 9 o!r m]*antm51 leav+ a cle> space ( six or sev5 feet betwe5 decks4 ,! /r5g? ?us d]iv$ is pr9cipally s]viceable :5 ! %ip is squeez$ betwe5 two %eets ( ice2 because ! ne>] ! pressure acts on ! extremities ( ! beams1 ! great] is ! resi/ance !y are calculat$ to (f]4 ,a l>ge space betwe5 decks is f\nd also1 = _m reasons1 to be mo/ conv5i5t4 ,hammocks1 z receptacles = sailors' b$s1 be+ incommodi\s1 ! crew are lodg$ 9 cab9s or b]?s1 erect$ 9 ! half-deck2 ^! consi/ ( twelve to tw5ty 9 numb]1 ea* ( :i* is calculat$ to conta9 two or ?ree p]sons4 ,:5 a %ip is on fi%+-/ations1 ! boats are requir$ to be always ready = use2 z su* !y are susp5d$ f cranes1 fix$ on ! sides ( ! %ip1 & are usually s contriv$ t a boat c be l[]$ d[n into ! wat]1 mann$1 & pu%$ (f f ! %ip1 9 ! %ort space ( a m9ute ( "t4 ,prior to ! ye> #ahac1 a %ip hav+ sev5 boats c>ri$ "o at ea* wai/1 t is1 betwe5 ! ma9-ma/ & =e-ma/1 two at ea* qu>t]1 "o above ! o!r & "o across ! /]n4 ,an improvem5t on ?is plan1 adopt$ 9 #ahac1 is to h ! boats fix$ 9 a l9e ( ?ree l5g?s ( boats on ea* side4 ,! ma/s & sails ( a ,gre5l& vessel are n )\t _! peculi>ities4 ,z x is an object ( importance t a fi%+-%ip %\ld be easily navigat$1 "u common circum/ances1 by a boat's crew ( six or sev5 m51 x is usual to take d[n royal ma/s1 & ev5 top-gallant ma/s1 & sometimes to sub/itute a long light pole 9 place ( a miz5 top-ma/2 also1 to adopt su* sails z require ! lea/ managem5t4 ,c\rses set 9 ! usual way require a numb] ( m5 to "w !m :5 ! %ip is tack$2 a c\rse1 !re=e1 made to dim9i% z x desc5ds1 t is1 n>r[e/ at ! foot or l[] "p1 & ext5d$ by a boom1 or y>d bel[ z well z above1 & ?is boom fa/5$ by a tackle fix$ at its c5tre to ! deck1 sw+s ) ! y>ds1 ) little or no alt]ation1 & is f\nd p>ticul>ly conv5i5t4 ,=e-sails1 on ?is pr9ciple1 h be5 9 use ab\t six or sev5 ye>s4 ,9 #ahaf1 ,i fitt$ a ma9-sail or cross-jack1 9 ! same way1 ! =m] ( :i* we f\nd ( admirable utility4 ,boom-c\rses are n only conv5i5t 9 tack+1 b are likewise a valuable acquisition :5 sail+ among cr[d$ dang]\s ice4 ,z ! safety ( ! %ip dep5ds1 next to ! skilfulness ( ! pilot+ (fic]1 on a prompt managem5t ( ! y>ds & sails1 boom-c\rses are /rik+ly useful on acc\nt ( ! little att5tion !y require :5 any alt]ation 9 ! position ( ! sails becomes necess>y2 & :5 ! %ip's head-way is requir$ to be sudd5ly /opp$ 9 a situation :]e %e _c be luff$ into ! w9d1 boom-c\rses sw++ simultane\sly ) ! top-tails are back$ )\t any annoyance f tacks or %eets1 & ( c\rse assi/ mat]ially 9 effect+ ! int5tion4 ,su* is ! advantage ( ?is description ( sails1 t on "o occasion1 :5 all ! re/ ( my crew 7 engag$ 9 ! capture ( a :ale1 ) ! assi/ance ( only two m51 nei!r ( !m sailors1 ,i repeat$ly tack$ a %ip ( #cej tons' burd5 "u ?ree c\rses1 top-sails & top-gallant sails1 toge!r ) jib & miz51 9 a /rong breeze ( w9d4 ,gaf-sails betwe5 ! ma/s1 9 ! place ( /ay-sails1 are likewise des]v$ly 9 mu* repute4 ,to ! miz5 & try-sail1 or gaf ma9-sail1 t h be5 long 9 use1 ,i h add$ a gaf =e-sail ( simil> =m1 besides :i*1 my fa!r has also adopt$ gaf top-sails betwe5 ea* ma/4 ,^! sails produce an admirable effect :5 a %ip is 8on a w9d10 :i* is ! k9d ( sail+ mo/ requir$ among ! ice4 ,hav+ n[ describ$ a ,gre5l& %ip1 x is "t to detail ! proce$+s on bo>d ( h]1 f putt+ to sea to h] arrival on ! coa/ ( ,spitzb]g54 ,:5 all necess>y conditions h be5 fulfill$1 & ! %ip cle>$ out at ! cu/om-h\se1 ! fir/ opportunity is embrac$ = putt+ to sea4 ,?is is g5]ally accompli%$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! mon? ( ,m>*1 or at lea/ be=e ! t5? ( ,april4 ,! crew ( a :ale-%ip usually consi/s ( =ty to fifty m51 compris+ sev]al classes ( (fic]s1 su* z h>poon]s1 boat-/e]]s1 l9e-manag]s1 c>p5t]s1 coop]s1 etc41 toge!r ) =e-ma/ m51 l&m51 & appr5tices4 ,z a /imulus to ! crew 9 ! fi%]y1 e individual1 f ! ma/] d[n to ! boys1 besides 8 mon?ly pay1 receives a gratuity = e size fi% caught dur+ ! voyage1 or a c]ta9 sum = e tun ( oil :i* ! c>go produces4 ,ma/]s & h>poon]s1 9 place ( mon?ly wages1 receive a small sum 9 advance be=e sail+1 & if !y procure no c>go :atev]1 !y receive no?+ m = _! voyage2 b 9 ! ev5t ( a successful fi%+1 _! advantages are consid]able4 ,! ma/] usually receives ?ree gu9eas = ea* size fi%1 & z mu* = /rik+ a size :ale or discov]+ a dead "o1 toge!r ) t5 %ill+s to tw5ty %ill+s p] tun on oil1 & commonly a ?irtie?1 a tw5ty-fif?1 or a tw5tie? ( ! value ( ! c>go besides4 ,he also has ab\t #e p] mon? = 8 att5dance on ! %ip :ile he rema9s on %ore4 ,ea* h>poon] has usually #fs4 p] tun on oil1 toge!r ) half a gu9ea = e size fi% he may /rike dur+ ! voyage4 ,9 addition to :i* ! *ief-mate1 :o is g5]ally also h>poon]1 has commonly two gu9eas p] mon? :5 at sea1 & a gu9ea = ea* size fi%4 ,! specksione]1 or *ief-h>poon]1 has also half a gu9ea p] fi%1 & sometimes a trifle p] tun ( oil additional2 & ! second-mate1 & o!r (fic]s :o s]ve 9 a comp\nd capacity1 h "s additional mon?ly wages4 ,boat-/e]]s1 l9e-manag]s1 & =e-ma/-m51 commonly receive ab\t #as4 #f;d4 p] tun ea*1 besides _! mon?ly pay1 & l&m5 ei!r a trifle p] tun on oil1 or a few %ill+s = ea* size fi%4 ,f ! diff]5ce 9 ! wages paid 9 diff]5t ports1 x is n easy to say :at is ! am\nt receiv$ by ea* class ( (fic]s belong+ to ! :ale-%ips4 ,9 ! g5]al1 h[ev]1 x may be und]/ood t1 on a %ip ) #bjj tuns ( oil1 :i* is e/eem$ an excell5t c>go1 ! *ief-mate receives ab\t #ie = 8 voyage1 a h>poon] ab\t #gj1 & a common sailor1 or =ema/-man1 ab\t #be4 includ+ advance money & mon?ly pay4 ,z ! ma/]'s wages dep5d z mu* on ! value ( ! c>go z ^u its quantity1 x is difficult to give an op9ion z to ! am\nt2 g5]ally speak+1 h[ev]1 ) a c>go ( #bjj tuns ( oil1 he w receive ab\t #bej or #cjj1 :5 8 pay is accord+ to ! l[e/ scale2 & p]haps #ejj or #fjj1 or upw>ds1 :5 he is paid aft] ! highe/ rate4 ,9 "t ( w>1 ! mann+ ( ! :ale-%ips at ! ports :]e !y 7 respectively fitt$ out be+ sometimes impracticable1 & always a matt] ( difficulty1 x 0 usual = ! own]s & ma/]s ( su* %ips to avail !mselves ( ! privileges all[$ by act ( p>liam5t ( complet+ _! crews 9 ,%etl& & ,orkney4 ,^! isl&s 71 !re=e1 ! frequ5t resort ( mo/ ( ! fi%]m52 ^? b\nd = ,spitzb]g5 commonly put into ,%etl&1 & ^? = ,davis's ,/rait into ,orkney4 ,b 9 ! pres5t "t ( peace1 also1 sev]al %ips1 9 consequ5ce ( ! high] wages dem&$ by ! ,engli% seam51 h avail$ !mselves ( a late ext5sion ( ! act = p]mitt+ a c]ta9 am\nt ( extra m5 to be tak5 on bo>d 9 ,%etl& or ,orkney1 dur+ ! cont9uance ( ! b\nty sy/em4 ,9 ,%etl&1 x is usual = ! fi%]m5 to trim _! %ips1 & complete _! balla/1 by fill+ mo/ ( _! empty casks ) wat]1 :]e x has n previ\sly be5 done1 to repl5i% _! fre% wat]1 to lay 9 /ocks ( eggs1 fi%1 f[ls1 sea-s&1 etc41 to dive/ ! %ips ( all elevat$ lumb] & gaudy app5dages to ! ma/s & rigg+1 by way ( prep>+ !m = endur+ ! ,pol> /orms ) great] safety & conv5i5ce1 & la/ly1 to fix a 8cr['s ne/0 or 8hurricane h\se10 on ! ma/ ( ea* %ip1 & prep>e a passage to x z safe & conv5i5t z possible4 ,! 8cr['s ne/0 is an app>atus plac$ on ! ma9 top-ma/1 or top-gallant ma/-head1 z a k9d ( wat*-t[] = ! use ( ! ma/] or (fic] ( ! wat* 9 ! fi%+-seas1 = %elt]+ him f ! w9d1 :5 engag$ 9 pilot+ ! %ip ?r\gh cr[d$ ice1 or = obta9+ a m ext5sive view ( ! sea ar\nd :5 look+ out = :ales4 ,:5 sail+ among mu* drift-ice1 z se5 f ! deck1 x seems at a small di/ance imp]vi\s1 al?\gh x may happ5 t sc>cely any two pieces are connect$2 b f ! ma/-head1 ! relative position ( almo/ e piece may be di/9ctly se51 & an op9ion may be =m$ by ! exp]i5c$ obs]v] ( ! probable & actual movem5ts ( su* pieces z ! %ip is requir$ to pass4 ,?is is an object ( ! greate/ importance1 because ! v>i$ movem5ts ( ! diff]5t pieces occasion su* an alt]ation 9 ! *annel pursu$1 t1 7 x n = a con/ant1 att5tive1 & judici\s wat* by ! ma/] or an able (fic]1 a %ip w\ld n pass ?r\gh any cr[d$ collection ( drift-ice )\t ! imm95t risk ( be+ /ove4 ,9 difficult situations1 a ma/]'s pres5ce at ! ma/-head is sometimes requir$ = _m h\rs 9 succession1 :5 ! temp]ature ( ! air is f #aj to #bj bel[ ! freez+ po9t1 or m4 ,x is !re=e necess>y = ! pres]vation ( 8 heal?1 z well z = 8 com=t1 t he %\ld be %elt]$ f ! pi]c+ gale4 ,a piece ( canvas ti$ r\nd ! head ( ! ma9 top-ma/1 & heel ( ! top-gallant ma/1 ext5d+ only f ! cap to ! cross-trees1 or at be/1 a canvas /ret*$ r\nd ! base ( ! top-gallant rigg+1 b op5 on ! aft]-"p1 0 ! mo/ complete contrivance ( a cr['s ne/1 until a few ye>s ago my fa!r inv5t$ an app>atus1 hav+ ! appe>ance ( a ro/rum1 :i* af=d$ an admirable def5ce aga9/ ! w9d4 ,?is contrivance1 f ! com=table %elt] x af=ds to ! navigator1 hav+ come into v g5]al use1 x may n be improp] to describe x m p>ticul>ly4 ,! "o mo/ approv$ by ! inv5tor is ab\t f\r & a half feet 9 l5g?1 & two & a half 9 diamet]4 ,! =m is cyl9drical1 op5 above & close bel[4 ,x is compos$ ( la?s ( wood1 plac$ 9 a p]p5dicul> position1 r\nd ! ext]ior edge ( a /rong wood5 hoop1 =m+ ! top1 & r\nd a plane ( mahogany or o!r wood :i* =ms ! bottom1 & ! :ole circumf]5ce ( ! cyl9d] is cov]$ ) canvas or lea!r4 ,! entrance is by a trap-hat* at ! bottom4 ,x is fix$ on ! v summit ( ! ma9 top-gallant ma/1 f :5ce ! prospect on e side is unimp$$4 ,on ! aft]-side is a seat1 ) a place b5ea? = a flag4 ,9 o!r p>ts are receptacles = a speak+-trumpet1 telescope1 & occasionally = a rifle-piece1 ) ut5sils = load+4 ,= ! m effectual %elt] ( ! obs]v]1 :5 9 an erect po/ure1 a movable scre5 is appli$ to ! top on ! w9dw>d side1 :i* increases ! height s mu* z effectually to %ield 8 head4 ,:5 ! %ip is tack$1 no?+ m is necess>y = reta9+ ! complete %elt] ?an %ift+ ! scre5 to ! opposite side1 :i* is done 9 an in/ant4 ,! ,gre5l& %ips usually leave ,%etl& t[>ds ! end ( ,m>*1 or ! beg9n+ ( ,april4 ,f !nce1 if _! view be to avail !mselves ( ! b5efit ( ! seal-fi%]y1 !y /e] to ! nor?w>d1 on ! m]idian1 or a little to ! we/w>d1 & commonly make ! ice 9 ! latitude ( #gj to #gb nor?4 ,b if ! mon? ( ,april be mu* advanc$ be=e !y leave ,%etl&1 !y g5]ally /e] = ! :al+-/ations on a c\rse to ! ea/ ( nor?1 ) ! view ( fall+ into t rem>kable ind5tation ( ! ,pol> ice1 ly+ 9 #e or #aj ea/ longitude1 :i* ,i h d5om9at$ ! 8,:ale-,fi%]s' ,bight40 ,x us$ to be ! practice to rema9 on seal+-/ations until ! beg9n+ ( ,may1 & n to ent] ! ice until ab\t ! middle ( ! mon?2 b ( late x has become usual to pu% into ! ice at a mu* e>li] p]iod1 ?\gh ! practice is nei!r )\t its dang]s nor disadvantages4 ,if a b>ri] ( ice prev5ts ! fi%] f rea*+ ! usual fi%+-/ation1 he sometimes p]sev]es 9 se>* ( :ales on ! s\?w>d m>g9 ( ! ice1 b m g5]ally endeav\rs to pu% ?r\gh x into an op5+1 :i* is usually =m$ on ! we/ side ( ,spitzb]g51 9 ! mon? ( ,may1 :]e he seldom fails ( meet+ ) ! objects ( 8 se>*4 ,x is a common rem>k1 t ! m difficulty !re is att5d+ ! passage ?r\gh ! ice1 ! bett] is ! fi%]y :5 t passage is accompli%$4 ,9 close seasons1 v few %ips pass ! b>ri] be=e ! middle or end ( ,may4 ,^? :i* fir/ succe$ imm$iately proce$ along ! edge ( ! we/]n ice to ! latitude ( #gh or #gi1 until !y meet ) :ales4 ,b 9 op5 seasons1 ! mo/ recomm5dable plan is to sail direct to ! latitude ( #hj1 :5 x c be accompli%$ at a v e>ly p]iod1 :]e l>ge :ales are g5]ally at ?is season to be f\nd4 ,x is n yet asc]ta9$ :at is ! e>lie/ p]iod ( ! ye> 9 :i* x is possible to fi% = :ales4 ,! dang] att5d+ ! navigation amid/ massive drift-ice1 9 ! obscurity ( night1 is ! mo/ =midable objection aga9/ attempt+ ! fi%]y be=e ! middle ( ! mon? ( ,april1 :5 ! sun1 hav+ ent]$ ! nor!rn tropic1 beg9s to enlight5 ! ,pol> regions ?r\gh\t ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,"s %ips h sail$ to ! nor?w>d ( ! #gh? degree ( latitude1 be=e ! close ( ! mon? ( ,m>*2 b ,i am n acqua9t$ ) a s+le in/ance :]e ! h>dy fi%]s h1 at ?is season1 d]iv$ any comp5sation = ! extraord9>y dang]s to :i* !y 7 expos$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! mon? ( ,april1 on c]ta9 occasions1 consid]able progress has be5 made 9 ! fi%]y1 not)/&+ ! frequ5cy ( /orms4 ,at ! fir/ /age ( ! bus9ess1 9 op5 seas1 ! :ales are usually f\nd 9 mo/ abundance on ! bord]s ( ! ice1 ne> ,hackluyt's ,headl&1 9 ! latitude ( #hj4 ,a degree or two fur!r s\? !y are sometimes se51 ?\gh n 9 mu* pl5ty2 b 9 ! #gf? degree !y sometimes occur 9 su* numb]s1 z to pres5t a tol]able prospect ( success 9 assail+ !m4 ,"s r>e in/ances h occurr$ :]e9 !y h be5 se5 on ! edge ( ! ice1 ext5d+ f ,*]ie ,isl& to ,po9t ,look-out1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! season4 ,gr[n fi% are frequ5tly f\nd at ! edge1 or a little )9 ! edge1 ( ! loose ice1 9 ! #gi? degree ( nor? latitude1 9 ! mon? ( ,may2 & small :ales1 ( diff]5t ages1 at fields1 & sometimes 9 bays ( ! ice1 9 ! #hj? degree4 ,usually ! fi% are mo/ pl5tiful 9 ,june1 &1 on "s occasions1 !y are met ) 9 e degree ( latitude f #ge to #hj4 ,9 ?is mon?1 ! l>ge :ales are f\nd 9 e v>iety ( situation2 sometimes 9 op5 wat]1 at o!rs 9 ! loose ice1 or at ! edges ( fields & floes1 ne> ! ma9 imp]vi\s body ( ice1 ext5d+ t[>ds ! coa/ ( ,we/ ,gre5l&4 ,! small] animals ( ! species are1 at ! same "t1 f\nd fur!r to ! s\? ?an 9 ! spr+1 at floes1 fields1 or ev5 among loose ice1 b mo/ pl5tifully ab\t fields or floes1 at ! bord] ( ! ma9 we/]n ice1 9 ! latitude ( #gh or #gh4 ,9 ,july1 ! fi%]y g5]ally t]m9ates1 sometimes at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon?1 at o!rs1 ?\gh m r>ely1 x cont9ues ?r\gh\t ! great] "p ( x4 ,few small fi% are se5 at ?is season4 ,! p>allel ( #gh to #gh is1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ productive fi%+-/ation4 ,! int]val betwe5 ?is p>allel & #hj1 or any o!r situation m remote1 is call$ ! 8nor?w>d10 & any situation 9 a l[] latitude ?an #gh is call$ ! 8s\?w>d40 ,?\gh ! #gi? degree af=ds :ales 9 ! greate/ abundance1 yet ! #gf? degree af=ds !m1 p]haps1 m g5]ally4 ,9 ?is latt] situation a v l>ge k9d ( ! my/icetus is commonly to be f\nd1 ?r\gh\t ! season1 f ,april to ,july inclusive4 ,_! numb]1 h[ev]1 is n (t5 great2 & z ! situation 9 :i* !y occur is un%elt]$1 &1 consequ5tly1 expos$ to heavy swells1 ! s\!rn fi%]y is n mu* frequ5t$4 ,! p>allel ( #gg to #gg is consid]$ a 8dead latitude0 by ! fi%]s1 b occasionally x af=ds :ales also4 ,f an att5tive obs]vation ( facts1 x w\ld appe> t v>i\s tribes ( ! my/icetus inhabit diff]5t regions1 & pursue v>i\s r\tes on _! removal f ! places :]e fir/ se54 ,^! tribes seem to be di/+ui%$ by a diff]5ce ( age or mann]s1 &1 9 "s in/ances1 app>5tly by "o ( species or subspecies4 ,! sy/ematical movem5ts ( ! :ales receive illu/ration f _m well-kn[n facts4 ,sometimes a l>ge tribe1 pass+ f "o place to ano!r1 :i*1 "u su* circum/ances1 is d5om9at$ a 8run ( fi%10 has be5 trac$ 9 its movem5ts1 9 a direct l9e f ! s\? t[>ds ! nor?1 along ! seaw>d edge ( ! we/]n ice1 ?r\gh a space ( two or ?ree degrees ( latitude2 !n x has be5 asc]ta9$ to h ent]$ ! ice1 & p5etrat$ to ! nor?w>d beyond ! rea* ( ! fi%]s4 ,9 c]ta9 ye>s1 x is curi\s to obs]ve1 t ! :ales comm5ce a simultane\s retreat ?r\gh\t ! :ole fi%+ limits1 & all disappe> )9 ! space ( a v few days4 ,hav+ n[ m5tion$1 g5]ally1 ! pr9cipal places resort$ to by ! :ales 9 ! ,spitzb]g5 seas1 x w1 possibly1 be int]e/+ to su* z are 9 any way conc]n$ 9 ! fi%]y1 to notice m di/9ctly _! fav\rite haunts "u p>ticul> circum/ances4 ,exp]i5ce proves t ! :ale has its fav\rite places ( resort1 dep5d+ on a suffici5cy ( food1 p>ticul> circum/ances ( wea!r1 & p>ticul> portions & qualities ( ! ice4 ,?us1 ?\gh _m :ales may h be5 se5 9 op5 wat] :5 ! wea!r 0 f9e1 aft] ! occurr5ce ( a /orm p]haps n "o is to be se52 &1 ?\gh fields are sometimes ! resort ( hundr$s ( :ales1 yet1 :5ev] ! loose ice ar\nd sep>ates entirely away1 ! :ales quit !m also4 ,h5ce1 fields seldom af=d :ales 9 mu* abundance1 except+ at ! "t :5 !y fir/ 8break out10 & become accessible2 t is1 imm$iately aft] a vacancy is made on "s side by ! sep>ation ( adjo9+ fields1 floes1 or drift-ice4 ,:ales are r>ely se5 9 abundance 9 ! l>ge op5 spaces ( wat] :i* sometimes occur amid/ fields & floes1 nor are !y commonly se5 9 a v op5 pack1 unless x be 9 ! imm$iate neighb\rhood ( ! ma9 we/]n ice4 ,!y seem to h a pref]5ce = close packs & pat*es ( ice1 & = fields "u c]ta9 circum/ances2 = deep bays1 or bights1 & sometimes = cle> wat] situations2 occasionally = deta*$ /reams ( drift-ice1 & mo/ g5]ally = ext5sive %eets ( bay-ice4 ,bay-ice is a fav\rite retreat ( ! :ales1 s long z x cont9ues suffici5tly t5d] to be conv5i5tly brok5 = ! purpose ( respiration4 ,9 su* situations1 :ales may frequ5tly be se5 9 amaz+ numb]s1 elevat+ & break+ ! ice ) _! cr[ns1 ! em95ces on _! heads 9 :i* _! bl[-holes are situat$4 ,! mo/ fav\rable opportunity = prosecut+ ! fi%]y commonly occurs ) nor?1 nor?-we/1 or we/ w9ds4 ,at su* times1 ! sea ne> ! ice is almo/ always smoo?1 & ! atmosph]e1 ?\gh cl\dy & d>k1 is g5]ally free f fog or ?ick sn[4 ,! fi%]s pref] a cl\dy to a cle> sky1 because1 9 v bright wea!r1 ! sea becomes illum9at$1 & ! %ad[s ( ! :ale-boats are s deeply impress$ 9 ! wat] by ! beams ( ! sun1 t ! :ales are v apt to take ! al>m1 & evade ! utmo/ c>e & skill ( _! pursu]s4 ,s\?-ea/ or ea/ w9ds1 ?\gh disagreeable1 cause a viol5t agitation ( ! pieces ( ice1 & s annoy ! :ales z to induce !m to leave _! retreat & appe> 9 ! op5 sea4 ,al?\gh ! fi%]y requires a cl\dy atmosph]e1 yet x mu/ be free f fog or cont9u$ sn[2 smoo? wat]1 ) a breeze ( w9d1 & navigably op51 or p]fectly solid ice4 ,! boats & pr9cipal in/rum5ts employ$ 9 ! capture ( ! :ale next claim a description4 ,:ale-boats are1 ( c\rse1 peculi>ly adapt$ = ! occupation !y are int5d$ to be employ$ 94 ,a well-con/ruct$ ,gre5l& boat possesses ! foll[+ prop]ties3--,x floats lightly & safely on ! wat]1 is capable ( be+ r[$ ) great spe$1 & readily turn$ r\nd2 x is ( su* capacity1 t x c>ries six or sev5 m51 sev5 or eight hundr$ weight ( :ale-l9e1 & v>i\s o!r mat]ials1 & yet reta9s ! necess>y prop]ties ( safety1 buoyancy1 & spe$1 ei!r 9 smoo? wat]1 or :]e x is expos$ to a consid]able sea4 ,:ale-boats1 be+ v liable to receive damage1 bo? f :ales & ice1 are always c>v]-built--a /ructure :i* is easily repair$4 ,!y are usually ( ! foll[+ dim5sions4 ,^? call$ six-o>$ boats1 adapt$ = c>ry+ sev5 m51 six ( :om1 includ+ ! h>poon]1 are r[]s1 are g5]ally tw5ty-six to tw5ty-eight feet 9 l5g?1 & ab\t five feet n9e in*es 9 bread?4 ,six-m5 boats1 t is1 ) five r[]s & a /e]sman1 are usually tw5ty-five to tw5ty-six feet 9 l5g?1 & ab\t five feet ?ree in*es 9 bread?2 & f\r-o>$ boats are usually tw5ty-?ree to tw5ty-f\r feet 9 l5g?1 & ab\t five feet1 ?ree in*es 9 bread?4 ,! ma9 bread? ( ! two fir/ classes ( boats is at ab\t ?ree-sev5?s ( ! l5g? ( ! boat1 reckon$ f ! /]n2 b 9 ! la/ class x is necess>y to h ! ma9 bread? )9 "o-?ird ( ! l5g? ( ! boat f ! /]n4 ,! object ( ?is is to enable ! small] boat to support1 )\t be+ dragg$ "u wat]1 z great a /ra9 on ! l9es z ^? ( a l>g] class2 o!rwise1 if su* a boat 7 s5t out by itself1 its l9es w\ld be always liable to be lo/ be=e any assi/ance c\ld rea* x4 ,! five-o>$ or six-m5 boat is t :i* is 9 g5]al use2 ?\gh ea* fi%+-%ip g5]ally c>ries "o or two ( ! l>ge/ class4 ,^! boats are n[ commonly built ( fir bo>ds1 "o-half or ?ree-f\r?s ( an in* ?ick1 ) timb]s1 keel1 gunwales1 /]n1 & /]n-po/ ( oak4 ,an improvem5t 9 ! timb]+ ( :ale-boats has lately be5 made1 by saw+ ! timb] out ( v /raight gra9$ oak1 & b5d+ !m to ! requir$ =m aft] be+ made supple by ! application ( /eam1 or imm]sion 9 boil+ wat]4 ,?is improvem5t1 :i* r5d]s ! timb]s m ela/ic ?an :5 !y are sawn out ( crook$ oak1 & at ! same "t makes ! boat /rong] & light]1 0 sugge/$ by ,?omas ,brodrick1 esq41 ( ,:itby1 %ip-build]4 ,?\gh ! pr9ciple has long be5 act$ ^u 9 cl9*]-built boats1 ) a% timb]s1 ! application to c>v]-built :ale-boats is1 ,i believe1 new4 ,! b[ & /]n ( ,gre5l& boats are bo? %>p1 & 9 appe>ance v simil>1 b ! /]n =ms a m acute angle ?an ! b[4 ,! keel has "s depression 9 ! middle f :i* ! facility ( turn+ is acquir$4 ,! in/rum5ts ( g5]al use 9 ! capture ( ! :ale are ! h>poon & ! lance4 ,! h>poon is an in/rum5t ( iron1 ( ab\t ?ree feet 9 l5g?4 ,x consi/s ( ?ree conjo9$ p>ts1 call$ ! 8socket10 8%ank10 & 8m\?10 ! latt] ( :i* includes ! b>bs or 8)]s40 ,?is in/rum5t1 if we except a small addition to ! b>bs & "s enl>gem5t ( dim5sions1 ma9ta9s ! same =m 9 :i* x 0 orig9ally us$ 9 ! fi%]y two c5turies ago4 ,at t "t1 ! m\? or b>b$ extremity 0 ( a triangul> %ape1 unit$ at ! %ank 9 ! middle ( "o ( ! sides1 & ?is be+ scoop$ out on ea* side ( ! %ank =m$ two simple flat b>bs4 ,9 ! c\rse ( la/ c5tury1 an improvem5t 0 made by add+ ano!r small b>b1 resembl+ ! be>d ( a fi%hook1 )9 ea* ( ! =m] )]s 9 a rev]se position4 ,! two pr9cipal )]s 9 ! pres5t improv$ h>poon measure ab\t eight in*es 9 l5g? & six 9 bread?1 ! %ank is eighte5 in*es to two feet 9 l5g?1 & f\r-t5?s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & ! socket1 :i* is holl[1 swells f ! size ( ! %ank to ne> two in*es diamet]1 & is ab\t six in*es 9 l5g?4 ,n[1 :5 ! h>poon is =c$ by a bl[ into ! fat ( ! :ale1 & ! l9e is held tight1 ! pr9cipal )]s seize ! /rong ligam5t\s fibres ( ! blubb]1 & prev5t x f be+ )drawn2 &1 9 ! ev5t ( its be+ pull$ out s f> z to rema9 entangl$ by "o )] only1 :i* is frequ5tly ! case1 !n ! little rev]s$ b>b1 or 8/op-)]10 z x is call$1 collect+ a numb] ( ! same reticulat$ s9ewy fibres1 :i* are v num]\s ne> ! sk91 prev5ts ! h>poon f be+ %ak5 out by ! ord9>y motions ( ! :ale4 ,! po9t & ext]ior edges ( ! b>bs ( ! h>poon are %>p5$ to a r\gh edge by means ( a file4 ,?is "p ( ! h>poon is n =m$ ( /eel1 z x is frequ5tly repres5t$1 b ( common s(t iron1 s t :5 blunt$ x c be readily %>p5$ by a file1 or ev5 by scrap+ x ) a knife4 ,! mo/ important "p 9 ! con/ruction ( ?is in/rum5t is ! %ank4 ,z ?is "p is liable to be =cibly & sudd5ly ext5d$1 twi/$1 & b5t1 x requires to be made ( ! s(te/ & mo/ pliable iron4 ,t k9d :i* is ( ! mo/ approv$ t5acity is made ( old horse-%oe nails or /ubs1 :i* are =m$ into small rods1 & two or ?ree ( ^! weld$ toge!r1 s t %\ld a flaw happ5 to occur 9 any "o ( ! rods1 ! /r5g? ( ! :ole might /ill be dep5d$ on4 ,"s manufactur]s inclose a quantity ( /ub-iron 9 a cyl9d] ( be/ =eign iron1 & =m ! %ank ( ! h>poon out ( a s+le rod4 ,a te/1 sometimes us$ = try+ ! suffici5cy ( a h>poon1 is to w9d its %ank r\nd a bolt ( in*-iron1 9 ! =m ( a close spiral1 !n to unw9d x aga91 & put x into a /raight =m4 ,x be>s ?is )\t injury 9 ! cold /ate1 x is consid]$ z excell5t4 ,! break+ ( a h>poon is ( no less importance ?an ! value ( a :ale1 :i* is sometimes e/imat$ at m ?an #ajjj /]l+4 ,?is consid]ation has induc$ _m +5i\s p]sons to turn _! att5tion t[>ds improv+ ! con/ruction & security ( ?is in/rum5t1 b ?\gh v>i\s alt]ations h be5 sugge/$1 su* z =m+ ! %ank ( wire1 add+ "o or two lat]al b>bs1 etc41 etc41 !y h all giv5 place to ! simplicity ( ! anci5t h>poon4 ,next 9 importance to ! h>poon is ! lance1 :i* is a spe> ( iron ( ! l5g? ( six feet4 ,x consi/s ( a holl[ socket1 six in*es long1 swell+ f half an in*1 ! size ( ! %ank1 to ne> two in*es 9 diamet]1 into :i* is fitt$ a f\r feet /ock or h&le ( fir2 a %ank1 five feet long & half an in* 9 diamet]2 & a m\? ( /eel1 :i* is made v ?91 & exce$+ly %>p1 sev5 or eight in*es 9 l5g?1 & two or two & a half 9 bread?4 ,besides ^! in/rum5ts1 !re is also ! h>poon gun4 ,x 0 inv5t$ 9 ! ye> #agca1 & us$ by "s individuals ) success4 ,be+ h[ev] difficult1 & some:at dang]\s 9 its application1 x 0 laid aside = _m ye>s4 ,9 #agga or #aggb1 a new "o 0 produc$ to ! ,society ( ,arts1 & receiv$ z an orig9al inv5tion4 ,betwe5 #aggb & #agib1 ! ,society exp5d$ l>ge sums 9 premiums to :ale-fi%]s & to artisans = improvem5ts 9 ! gun & h>poon4 ,s9ce #agib1 !y h g5]ally be5 9 ! habit ( (f]+ a premium ( t5 gu9eas to ! h>poon] :o %\ld %oot ! greate/ numb] ( :ales 9 "o season1 n be+ less ?an ?ree4 ,?is premium1 h[ev]1 ?\gh x has be5 frequ5tly (f]$1 has be5 seldom claim$4 ,9 its pres5t improv$ =m1 z made by ,mr4 ,wallis1 gunsmi?1 ,hull1 ! h>poon-gun consi/s ( a k9d ( swivel1 hav+ a b>rel ( wr\ght-iron #bd or #bf in*es 9 l5g?1 ( #c in*es ext]ior diamet]1 & #a in*es bore4 ,x is furni%$ ) two locks1 :i* act simultane\sly1 = ! purpose ( dim9i%+ ! liability ( ! gun miss+ fire4 ,! %ank ( ! h>poon is d\ble1 t]m9at+ 9 a cyl9drical knob1 fitt+ ! bore ( ! gun4 ,betwe5 ! two p>ts ( ! %ank is a wire r+1 to :i* is atta*$ ! l9e4 ,n[1 :5 ! h>poon is introduc$ into ! b>rel ( ! gun1 ! r+ ) ! atta*$ l9e rema9s on ! outside ne> ! m\? ( ! h>poon1 b ! in/ant t x is fir$1 ! r+ flies back aga9/ ! cyl9drical knob4 ,! h>poon-gun has be5 r5d]$ capable ( ?r[+ a h>poon ne> =ty y>ds ) effect1 yet1 on acc\nt ( ! difficulty 9 ! managem5t ( x1 x has n be5 v g5]ally adopt$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! outw>d passage1 ! diff]5t ut5sils are fitt$ = imm$iate use4 ,"o prep>ation is t :i* is kn[n by ! "n ( 8spann+ h>poons40 ,a piece ( rope1 ( ! be/ hemp1 call$ a 8=e-gang]10 ab\t two & a qu>t] in*es 9 circumf]5ce1 & eight or n9e y>ds 9 l5g?1 is splic$ closely r\nd ! %ank ( ! h>poon1 ! swell$ socket ( :i* prev5ts ! eye ( ! splice f be+ drawn (f4 ,a /ock1 or h&le1 six or sev5 feet 9 l5g?1 is !n fitt$ into ! socket1 & fa/5$ 9 its place ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! =e-gang]4 ,! fa/5+ ( ! /ock is suffici5t only = reta9+ x firm 9 its situation dur+ ! dis*>ge ( ! weapon1 b is liable to be dis5gag$ soon aft]w>ds2 on :i* ! h>poon1 reliev$ f ! %ake & twi/ ( ?is no long] necess>y app5dage1 ma9ta9s its hold ) bett] effect4 ,aft] ! /ock drops out1 x is seldom lo/1 b /ill hangs on ! l9e by means ( a loop ( cord1 fix$ op5ly r\nd x1 = ! purpose ( prev5t+ ! /ock f float+ away4 ,e h>poon is /amp$ ) ! "n ( ! %ip to :i* x belongs2 & :5 prep>$ = use1 a private m>k1 conta9+ ! "n ( ! %ip & ma/]1 ) ! date ( ! ye> writt5 ^u lea!r1 is conceal$ b5ea? "s rope-y>ns1 w\nd r\nd ! socket ( ! in/rum5t1 & ! same is sometimes introduc$ also into ! =e-gang]4 ,^! m>ks s]ve to id5tify ! h>poons1 :5 any dispute happ5s to arise relative to ! claims ( diff]5t %ips to ! same fi% & h sometimes prov$ ( ess5tial s]vice 9 decid+ cases :i* might o!rwise h ext5d$ to vexati\s litigations4 ,a h>poon ?us prep>$1 ) =e-gang] & /ock1 is said to be 8spann$ 940 ,9 ?is /ate1 ! po9t or m\?1 be+ v clean & %>p1 is pres]v$ 9 ! same condition by a %ield ( oil$ pap] or canvas2 & ! in/rum5t1 ) its app5dages1 laid up 9 a conv5i5t place1 ready = be+ atta*$ to ! :ale-l9e 9 a boat :5 want$4 ,! pr9cipal prep>ations = comm5c+ ! fi%]y are includ$ 9 ! 8fitt+ ( ! boats40 ,9 ?is "w all ! p belong+ to ! %ip are employ$4 ,! boats are fir/ cle>$ ( all lumb]1 & !n ! :ale-l9es1 ea* consi/+ ( #abj fa?oms ( rope1 ab\t two & a qu>t] in*es 9 circumf]5ce1 are splic$ to ea* o!r1 to ! am\nt ( ab\t six to ea* boat1 ! unit$ l5g? ( :i* is ab\t #gbj fa?oms1 or #d1cbj feet2 & ! :ole c>efully & beautifully coil$ 9 comp>tm5ts 9 ! boat prep>$ = ! purpose4 ,a portion ( five or six fa?oms ( ! l9e fir/ put into ! boat1 call$ ! 8/ray-l9e10 is left uncov]$ by t :i* foll[s1 & coil$ by itself 9 a small comp>tm5t at ! /]n ( ! boat3 x is furni%$ ) a loop or 8eye10 = ! facility ( connect+ ! l9es ( "o boat ) ^? ( ano!r4 ,to ! upp] end ( ! l9e is splic$ ! =e-gang] ( a spann$ h>poon1 ?us connect+ ! h>poon ) all ! l9es 9 ! boat4 ,e boat completely fitt$ is furni%$ ) two h>poons 7"o sp>e17 six or eight lances1 & five to sev5 o>s1 toge!r ) ! foll[+ in/rum5ts & app>atus3--,a 8jack10 or flag1 fa/5$ to a pole1 int5d$ to be display$ z a signal1 :5ev] a :ale is h>poon$2 a 8tail-knife10 us$ = p]=at+ ! f9s or tail ( a dead :ale2 a 8mik10 or re/1 made ( wood1 = support+ ! /ock ( ! h>poon :5 ready = in/ant s]vice2 an 8axe10 = cutt+ ! l9e :5 necess>y2 a 8pigg+10 or small bucket1 = bail+ ! boat or wett+ ! runn+ l9es2 a 8snat*-block20 a 8grapnel20 two 8boat-hooks20 a 8fid20 a wood5 8mallet10 & 8sn[-%ovel20 also1 a small broom & a 8swab10 toge!r ) sp>e ?oles1 grommets1 etc4 ,9 addition to ^!1 ! two six-o>$ or o!r swifte/ boats are likewise furni%$ ) an app>atus1 call$ a 8w9*10 = heav+ ! l9es into ! boat aft] ! fi% is ei!r kill$ or has made 8 escape2 & 9 "s %ips !y also c>ry a h>poon-gun1 & app>atus = load+4 ,! :ole ( ! articles above enum]at$ are dispos$ 9 conv5i5t places ?r\gh\t ! boat4 ,! axe is always plac$ )9 ! rea* ( ! h>poon]1 :o1 9 case ( an accid5t1 c cut ! l9e 9 an in/ant2 ! h>poon-gun is fix$ by its swivel to ! boat's /]n2 ! lances are laid 9 ! sides ( ! boat1 ^u ! ?w>ts2 ! h&-h>poon is plac$ ^u ! mik1 or re/1 ) its /ock1 & on ! b[ ( ! boat ) its po9t1 & ! =e-gang] is cle>ly coil$ b5ea? x1 s t ! h>poon c be tak5 up & dis*>g$ 9 a mom5t4 ,an o> is us$ = /e]+1 9 pref]5ce to a rudd]1 9 consequ5ce ( its possess+ _m advantages3 an o> does n ret>d ! velocity ( ! boat s mu* z a rudd]2 x is capable ( turn+ ! boat :5 9 a /ate ( re/1 & m readily ?an a rudd] :5 9 motion2 & x c be us$ = propell+ ! boat 9 n>r[ places ( ! ice1 :]e ! r[]s _c ply _! o>s1 by ! process ( scull+1 & 9 calms = approa*+ a :ale )\t noise1 by ! same op]ation4 ,! crew ( a :ale-%ip are sep>at$ into divisions1 equal 9 numb] to ! numb] ( ! boats4 ,ea* division1 consi/+ ( a h>poon]1 a boat-/e]]1 & a l9e-manag]1 toge!r ) ?ree or f\r r[]s1 con/itutes a boat's crew4 ,! h>poon]'s pr9cipal (fice is1 z 8 "n implies1 to /rike ! :ale1 also to guide ! l9e1 or to kill an entangl$ :ale ) 8 lances4 ,:5 9 pursuit he r[s ! b[-o>4 ,he has ! comm& ( ! boat4 ,! boat-/e]] ranks next to ! h>poon]2 he guides ! c\rse ( ! boat1 wat*es ! motions ( ! :ale pursu$1 intimates its movem5ts to ! h>poon]1 & /imulates ! crew to ex]tion by enc\rag+ exclamations4 ,! l9e-manag] r[s ! 8aft]-o>0 9 ! boat1 &1 conjo9tly ) ! boat-/e]]1 att5ds to ! l9es :5 9 ! act ( runn+ out or coil+ 94 ,! rema9d] ( ! crew pull ! o>s4 ,besides ^! divisions ( ! seam5 ( a :al] into boats' crews1 !y are class$ on ! passages1 & :5 no :ale-fi%+ is go+ on1 z 9 o!r vessels1 into wat*es4 ,on fi%+-/ations1 :5 ! wea!r is su* z to r5d] ! fi%]y practicable1 ! boats are always ready = in/ant s]vice1 susp5d$ f davits1 or cranes1 by ! sides ( ! %ip1 & furni%$ ) /ores1 z be=e enum]at$2 two boats at lea/1 ! crews ( :i* are always 9 read9ess1 c 9 g5]al be mann$ & l[]$ into ! wat] )9 ! space ( "o m9ute ( "t4 8,:]ev] !re is a probability ( see+ :ales1 :5 ! wea!r & situation are su* z to pres5t a possibility ( captur+ !m1 ! 8cr['s ne/0 is g5]ally occupi$ by ! ma/]1 or "s "o ( ! (fic]s1 :o1 comm&+ f !nce an ext5sive prospect ( ! surr\nd+ sea1 keeps an anxi\s wat* = ! appe>ance ( a :ale4 ,assi/$ by a telescope1 he views ! op]ations ( any %ip :i* may be 9 sight at a di/ance2 & occasionally sweeps ! horizon ) 8 glass1 to ext5d ! limit$ sph]e ( vision 9 :i* he is able to discrim9ate a :ale ) ! nak$ eye to an area va/ly great]4 ,! mom5t t a fi% is se51 he gives notice to ! 8wat* ^u deck10 "p ( :om leap into a boat1 are l[]$ d[n1 & pu% (f t[>ds ! place4 ,if ! fi% be l>ge1 a second boat is imm$iately dispat*$ to ! support ( ! o!r4 ,:5 ! :ale aga9 appe>s1 two boats r[ t[>ds x ) _! utmo/ spe$1 & ?\gh !y may be disappo9t$ 9 all _! attempts1 !y g5]ally cont9ue ! pursuit until ! fi% ei!r takes ! al>m & escapes1 or !y are recall$ by a signal to ! %ip4 ,:5 two or m fi%es appe> at ! same "t 9 diff]5t situations1 ! numb] ( boats s5t 9 pursuit is commonly increas$4 ,:5 ! :ole ( ! boats are s5t out1 ! %ip is said to h 8a loose fall40 ,dur+ f9e wea!r1 :5 !re is great probability ( f9d+ :ales1 a boat is g5]ally kept 9 read9ess1 mann$ & afloat1 sometimes t[$ by a rope a/]n1 or1 if ! %ip be /ill1 at a little di/ance4 ,!re are sev]al rules obs]v$ 9 approa*+ a :ale1 z precautions1 to prev5t ! animal f tak+ ! al>m4 ,z ! :ale is dull ( he>+1 b quick ( sight1 ! boat-/e]] always endeav\rs to get beh9d x1 &1 9 accompli%+ ?is1 he sometimes takes a circuit\s r\te4 ,9 calm wea!r1 :5 guns are n us$1 ! greate/ caution is necess>y be=e a :ale c be rea*$2 smoo? c>eful r[+ is always requisite1 & sometimes scull+4 ,:5 x is kn[n t a :ale seldom abides long] on ! surface ( ! wat] ?an two m9utes1 t x g5]ally rema9s f five to t5 or fifte5 m9utes "u wat]1 t 9 ?is int]val x sometimes moves ?r\gh ! space ( half a mile or m1 & t ! fi%] has v r>ely any c]ta9 intimation ( ! place 9 :i* x w reappe>--! difficulty & address requisite to approa* suffici5tly ne>1 dur+ its %ort /ay on ! surface1 to h>poon x1 w be readily appreciat$4 ,x is1 !re=e1 a prim>y consid]ation ) ! h>poon] always to place 8 boat z ne> z possible to ! spot :]e he expects ! fi% to rise2 & he consid]s himself successful 9 ! attempt :5 ! fi% 8comes up )9 a />t10 t is1 )9 ! di/ance ( ab\t two hundr$ y>ds4 ,a :ale mov+ =w>d1 at a small di/ance b5ea? ! surface ( ! sea1 leaves a sure indication ( its situation 9 :at is call$ 8an eddy10 hav+ some:at ! resemblance ( 8! wake10 or track ( a %ip2 & 9 f9e calm wea!r1 its *ange ( position is sometimes po9t$ out by ! birds1 _m ( :i* closely foll[ x :5 at ! surface1 & hov] ov] x :5 bel[1 ^: ke5] vision c disc]n x :5 x is totally conceal$ f human eye4 ,by ^! indications _m :ales h be5 tak54 ,! provid5ce ( ,god is manife/$ 9 ! tam5ess & timidity ( _m ( ! l>ge/ inhabitants ( ! e>? & sea1 :]eby !y fall victims to ! pr[ess ( man1 & are r5d]$ subs]vi5t to 8 conv5i5ce 9 life4 ,& ?is 0 ! design ( ! l[] animals 9 _! creation1 = ,god1 :5 he made man1 gave him 8dom9ion ov] ! fi% ( ! sea1 & ov] ! f[l ( ! air1 & ov] ! cattle1 & ov] all ! e>?1 & ov] e creep+ ?+ t creepe? ^u ! e>?40 ,! holy psalmi/1 :5 consid]+ ! p[] & goodness ( ,god 9 ! creation1 exclaim$1 8,:at is man1 t ?\ art m9dful ( him2 & ! son ( man1 t ?\ visite/ him80 ,&1 9 contemplation ( ! glory & hon\r put ^u man by ! ,almighty1 9 ! p[] giv5 him ov] creat$ nature1 he adds1 8,?\ made/ him to h dom9ion ov] ! works ( ?y h&s2 ?\ ha/ put all ?+s "u 8 feet3 444 ! f[l ( ! air1 & ! fi% ( ! sea1 & :atsoev] passe? ?r\gh ! pa?s ( ! seas4 ,o ,"l our ,"l1 h[ excell5t is ?y "n 9 all ! e>?60 ,h5ce1 :ile we admire ! cool & det]m9$ intrepidity ( ^? :o successfully enc\nt] ! huge my/icetus1 if we are l$ to reflect on ! s\rce ( ! p[] by :i* ! /r5g? ( m5 is r5d]$ effectual = ! mighty und]tak+1 our reflections mu/ lead u to ! great ,fir/ ,cause z ! only s\rce f :5ce su* p[] c\ld be d]iv$4 ,if !re be p]il 9 ! enc\nt] betwe5 man & ,god's mo/ p[]ful creatures1 h[ mu* m dang]\s mu/ be ! /ruggle betwe5 man & ! ,"l 8 ,mak]2 & h[ c]ta91 if x be prolong$1 ! t]rible issue ( su* a conte/6 ,! p[] ( ! mighty mon/] ( ! deep1 or ev5 ( ! mo/ glori\s ar*angel1 is z no?+ 9 comp>ison ) ,him to :om p[] belonge?1 & :o w ov]:elm 8 adv]s>ies ) a fe>ful & f9al p]dition4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 !re is no fury 9 him1 & he is z condesc5d+ z he is p[]ful1 entreat+ 8 rebelli\s subjects to receive ! peace ( 8 reconciliation1 & to draw ne> to him ) a p5it5t & contrite he>t1 ?r\gh ! m]it & int]cession ( 8 ,son1 9 :om he assures u ( a free & complete =giv5ess4 ,:5ev] a :ale lies on ! surface ( ! wat]1 unconsci\s ( ! approa* ( its enemies1 ! h>dy fi%] r[s directly ^u x2 &1 an in/ant be=e ! boat t\*es x1 buries 8 h>poon 9 its back2 b if1 :ile ! boat is at a little di/ance1 ! :ale %\ld indicate its int5tion ( div+1 by lift+ its head above its common level1 & !n plung+ x "u wat]1 & rais+ its body till x appe>s l a l>ge segm5t ( a sph]e1 ! h>poon is ?r[n f ! h&1 or fir$ f a gun1 ! =m] ( :i* me?ods1 :5 skilfully practis$1 is effici5t at ! di/ance ( eight or t5 y>ds1 & ! latt] at ! di/ance ( ?irty y>ds1 or upw>d4 ,! w\nd$ :ale1 9 ! surprise & agony ( ! mom5t1 makes a convulsive ef=t to escape4 ,!n is ! mom5t ( dang]4 ,! boat is subject$ to ! mo/ viol5t bl[s f its head or its f9s1 b p>ticul>ly f its pond]\s tail1 :i* sometimes sweeps ! air ) su* trem5d\s fury1 t bo? boat & m5 are expos$ to "o common de/ruction4 ,! head ( ! :ale is avoid$1 because x _c be p5etrat$ ) ! h>poon2 b any "p ( ! body betwe5 ! head & ! tail w admit ( ! full l5g? ( ! in/rum5t1 )\t dang] ( ob/ruction4 ,! mom5t t ! w\nd$ :ale disappe>s1 or leaves ! boat1 a jack or flag1 elevat$ on a /aff1 is display$1 on sight ( :i* ^? on wat* 9 ! %ip give ! al>m1 by /amp+ on ! deck1 accompani$ by a simultane\s & cont9u\s %\t ( 8a fall40 ,?is ^w1 d]iv$ f ! ,dut* language1 is expressive ( ! conduct ( ! sailors 9 jump+1 dropp+1 fall+ to man ! boats on an occasion requir+ extreme dispat*4 ,at ?is s\nd1 ! sleep+ crew ar\se1 jump f _! b$s1 ru% ^u deck1 ) _! clo!s ti$ by a /r+ 9 _! h&s1 & cr[d into ! boats4 ,) a temp]ature ( z]o1 %\ld a 8fall0 occur1 ! crew w\ld appe> on deck1 %ield$ only by _! draw]s1 /ock+s1 & %irts1 or o!r habilim5ts 9 :i* !y sleep4 ,!y g5]ally contrive to dress !mselves 9 "p1 at lea/1 z ! boats are l[]$ d[n1 b sometimes !y pu% (f 9 ! /ate 9 :i* !y rise f _! b$s1 r[ away t[>ds ! 8fa/-boat10 & h no opportunity ( clo?+ !mselves = a l5g? ( "t aft]w>ds4 ,! al>m ( 8a fall0 has a s+ul> effect on ! feel+s ( a sleep+ p]son unaccu/om$ to ! :ale-fi%+ bus9ess4 ,x has (t5 be5 mi/ak5 z a cry ( di/ress4 ,a l&sman 9 a ,hull %ip1 see+ ! crew on an occasion ( a fall ru% ^u deck1 ) _! clo!s 9 _! h&s1 & leap into ! boats1 :5 !re 0 no appe>ance ( dang]1 ?\ght ! m5 7 all mad2 b ) ano!r individual ! effect 0 totally diff]5t4 ,al>m$ ) ! extraord9>y noise1 & /ill m s :5 he rea*$ ! deck ) ! appe>ance ( all ! crew seat$ 9 ! boats 9 _! %irts1 he imag9$ ! %ip 0 s9k+4 ,he !re=e endeav\r$ to get into a boat himself2 b e "o ( !m be+ fully mann$1 he 0 always repuls$4 ,aft] sev]al fruitless endeav\rs to ga9 a place among 8 comrades1 he cri$ out1 ) feel+s ( evid5t di/ress1 8,:at %all ,i d8--w none ( y take me 980 ,! fir/ ef=t ( a 8fa/-fi%10 or :ale t has be5 /ruck1 is to escape f ! boat by s9k+ "u wat]4 ,aft] ?is1 x pursues its c\rse directly d[nw>d1 or reappe>s at a little di/ance1 & swims ) great cel]ity ne> ! surface ( ! wat] t[>ds any neighb\r+ ice among :i* x may obta9 an imag9>y %elt]2 or x returns in/antly to ! surface1 & gives evid5ce ( its agony by ! mo/ convulsive ?roes1 9 :i* its f9s & tail are alt]nately display$ 9 ! air & da%$ into ! wat] ) trem5d\s viol5ce4 ,! =m] behavi\r1 h[ev]1 t is1 to dive t[>ds ! bottom ( ! sea1 is s frequ5t 9 comp>ison ( any o!r1 t x may be consid]$ z ! g5]al conduct ( a 8fa/-fi%40 ,a :ale1 /ruck ne> ! edge ( any l>ge %eet ( ice1 & pass+ und]nea? x1 w sometimes run ! :ole ( ! l9e out ( "o boat 9 ! space ( eight or t5 m9utes ( "t4 ,to ret>d1 !re=e1 z mu* z possible1 ! flight ( ! :ale1 & to secure ! l9es1 x is usual = ! h>poon] to ca/ "o1 two1 or m turns ( ! l9e r\nd a k9d ( po/1 call$ a boll>d1 :i* is fix$ )9 t5 or twelve in*es ( ! /]n ( ! boat = ! purpose4 ,su* is ! friction ( ! l9e1 :5 runn+ r\nd ! boll>d1 t x frequ5tly envelopes ! h>poon] 9 smoke2 & if ! wood 7 n repeat$ly wett$1 w\ld probably set fire to ! boat4 ,dur+ ! capture ( "o :ale1 a groove is sometimes cut 9 ! boll>d1 ne> an in* 9 dep?1 & 7 x n = a plate ( brass1 iron1 or a block ( lignum vit1 :i* cov]s ! top ( ! /]n1 :]e ! l9e passes ov]1 x is appreh5d$ t ! action ( ! l9e on ! mat]ial ( ! boat w\ld cut x d[n to ! wat]'s edge 9 ! c\rse ( "o season ( successful fi%+4 ,! approa*+ di/ress ( a boat = want ( l9e is indicat$ by ! elevation ( an o> 9 ! way ( a ma/1 to :i* is add$ a second1 a ?ird1 or ev5 a f\r?1 9 proportion to ! nature ( ! exig5ce4 ,! utmo/ c>e & att5tion are requisite on ! "p ( e p]son 9 ! boat :5 ! l9es are runn+ out1 fatal consequ5ces hav+ be5 sometimes produc$ by ! mo/ trifl+ neglect4 ,on my fir/ voyage to ! :ale-fi%]y1 su* an accid5t occurr$4 ,a ?\s& fa?oms ( l9e 7 already out1 & ! fa/-boat 0 =cibly press$ aga9/ ! side ( a piece ( ice4 ,! h>poon]1 9 8 anxiety to ret>d ! flight ( ! :ale1 appli$ too _m turns ( ! l9e r\nd ! boll>d1 :i*1 gett+ entangl$1 drew ! boat b5ea? ! ice4 ,ano!r boat provid5tially 0 at h&1 into :i* ! crew1 includ+ myself1 :o happ5$ to be pres5t1 _h j "t to escape4 ,! :ale1 ) ne> two miles l5g? ( l9e1 01 9 consequ5ce ( ! accid5t1 lo/4 ,:5 fi% h be5 /ruck by myself1 ,i h1 on diff]5t occasions1 e/imat$ _! rate ( desc5t4 ,= ! fir/ #cjj fa?oms1 ! av]age velocity 0 usually aft] ! rate ( eight to t5 miles p] h\r4 ,9 "o in/ance1 ! ?ird l9e ( #abj fa?oms 0 run out 9 sixty-"o seconds1 t is1 at ! rate ( #haf miles1 or #gah nautical miles1 p] h\r4 ,! av]age /ay "u wat] ( a w\nd$ :ale1 :i* /eadily desc5ds aft] be+ /ruck1 accord+ to ! mo/ usual conduct ( ! animal1 is ab\t ?irty m9utes4 ,! longe/ /ay ,i ev] obs]v$ 0 fifty-six m9utes2 b 9 %all[ wat] ,i h be5 in=m$ x has sometimes be5 kn[n to rema9 an h\r & a half at ! bottom aft] be+ /ruck1 & yet has return$ to ! surface alive4 ,! great] ! velocity1 ! m consid]able ! di/ance to :i* x desc5ds1 & ! long] ! "t x rema9s "u wat]1 s mu* great] 9 proportion is ! ext5t ( exhau/ion1 & ! consequ5t facility ( accompli%+ its capture4 ,imm$iately t x reappe>s1 ! assi/+ boats make = ! place ) _! utmo/ spe$1 & z !y rea* x1 ea* h>poon] plunges 8 h>poon into its back1 to ! am\nt ( ?ree1 f\r1 or m1 accord+ to ! size ( ! :ale & ! nature ( ! situation4 ,mo/ frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 x desc5ds = a few m9utes aft] receiv+ ! second h>poon1 & obliges ! o!r boats to await its return to ! surface be=e any attack c be made4 ,x is aft]w>ds actively pli$ ) lances1 :i* are ?ru/ into its body1 aim+ at its vitals4 ,at l5g?1 :5 exhau/$ by num]\s w\nds & ! loss ( blood1 :i* fl[s f ! huge animal 9 copi\s /reams1 x indicates ! approa* ( its dissolution by dis*>g+ f its 8bl[-holes0 a mixture ( blood along ) ! air & mucus :i* x usually expires1 & f9ally jets ( blood4 ,! sea to a great ext5t ar\nd is dy$ ) its blood1 & ! ice-boats & m5 are sometimes dr5*$ ) ! same4 ,its track is likewise m>k$ by a broad pellicle ( oil1 :i* exudes f 8 w\nds1 & appe>s on ! surface ( ! sea4 ,its f9al capture is sometimes prec$$ by a convulsive & en]getic /ruggle1 9 :i* its tail1 re>$1 :irl$1 & viol5tly j]k$ 9 ! air1 res\nds to ! di/ance ( miles4 ,9 dy+1 x turns on its back1 or on its side1 :i* joyful circum/ance is ann\nc$ by ! captur]s ) ! /rik+ ( _! flags1 accompani$ ) ?ree lively huzzas4 ,! rem>kable exhau/ion obs]v$ on ! fir/ appe>ance ( a w\nd$ :ale at ! surface1 aft] a desc5t ( #gjj or #hjj fa?oms p]p5dicul>1 does n dep5d on ! nature ( ! w\nd x has receiv$1 = a hundr$ sup]ficial w\nds receiv$ f h>poons c\ld n h ! effect ( a s+le lance p5etrat+ ! vitals1 b is ! effect ( ! almo/ incr$ible pressure to :i* ! animal mu/ h be5 expos$4 ,! surface ( ! body ( a l>ge :ale may be consid]$ z compris+ an area ( #a1edj squ>e feet4 ,?is1 "u ! common weight ( ! atmosph]e alone1 mu/ su/a9 a pressure ( #c1ajd1fdj lbs41 or #a1chf tons4 ,b at ! dep? ( #hjj fa?oms1 :]e !re is a column ( wat] equal 9 weight to ab\t #aed atmosph]es1 ! pressure on ! animal mu/ be equal to #baa1bjj tons4 ,?is is a degree ( pressure ( :i* we c h b an imp]fect conception4 ,x may assi/ our compreh5sion1 h[ev]1 to be in=m$1 t x exce$s 9 weight sixty ( ! l>ge/ %ips ( ! ,briti% navy1 :5 mann$1 provision$1 & fitt$ = a six mon?s' cruise4 ,by ! motions ( ! fa/-boat1 ! movem5ts ( ! :ale are e/imat$4 ,e fa/-boat c>ries a flag1 & ! %ip to :i* su* boats belong also we>s a flag1 until ! :ale is ei!r kill$ or makes its escape4 ,^! signals s]ve to indicate to surr\nd+ %ips ! exclusive title ( ! fa/-%ip to ! entangl$ :ale1 & to prev5t _! int]f]5ce1 except+ 9 ! way ( assi/ance 9 ! capture4 ,) respect to ! l5g? ( "t requisite = captur+ a :ale1 x may be rem>k$ t ?is greatly dep5ds on ! activity ( ! h>poon]s1 ! fav\rabl5ess ( situation & wea!r1 & on ! peculi> conduct ( ! :ale attack$4 ,i h myself witness$ ! capture ( a l>ge :ale 9 tw5ty-eight m9utes1 & h also be5 engag$ ) ano!r fi%1 :i* 0 lo/1 aft] x _h be5 entangl$ ab\t sixte5 h\rs4 ,"u ! mo/ fav\rable circum/ances1 ! av]age l5g? ( "t occupi$ 9 ! capture ( a :ale may be /at$ z n exce$+ an h\r1 & ! g5]al av]age1 includ+ all sizes ( fi% & all circum/ances ( capture1 may probably be two or ?ree h\rs4 ,! mode describ$ 9 ! prec$+ pages ( conduct+ ! fi%]y = :ales "u fav\rable circum/ances1 may be consid]$ z ! g5]al plan pursu$ by ! fi%]s ( all ports ( ,brita91 z well z ( ^? ( o!r nations :o resort to ,spitzb]g54 ,! ease ) :i* "s :ales are subdu$1 & ! slightness ( ! entanglem5t by :i* !y are tak51 are truly surpris+2 b1 ) o!rs1 x is equally a/oni%+1 t nei!r l9e nor h>poon1 nor any numb] ( ea*1 is suffici5tly /rong to effect _! capture4 ,:ales h ev5 be5 tak5 9 consequ5ce ( ! entanglem5t ( a l9e1 )\t any h>poon at all2 ?\gh1 :5 su* a case has occurr$1 x has evid5tly be5 ! result ( accid5t4 ,a h>poon] belong+ to ! ,pr9ce ( ,brazils1 ( ,hull1 _h /ruck a small fi%4 ,x desc5d$1 & rema9$ = "s "t quiet1 & at l5g? appe>$ to be dr[n$4 ,! /ra9 on ! l9e be+ !n consid]able1 x 0 tak5 to ! %ip's cap/]n1 ) a view ( heav+ ! fi% up4 ,! =ce requisite = p]=m+ ?is op]ation 0 extremely v>i\s2 sometimes ! l9e came 9 ) ease1 at o!rs1 a quantity 0 )drawn ) great =ce & rapidity4 ,z su*1 x appe>$ evid5t t ! fi% 0 yet alive4 ,! heav+1 h[ev]1 0 p]si/$ 91 & aft] ! great] "p ( ! l9es _h be5 drawn on bo>d1 a dead fi% appe>$ at ! surface1 secur$ by sev]al turns ( ! l9e r\nd its body4 ,x 0 dis5tangl$ ) difficulty1 & 0 confid5tly believ$ to be ! :ale t _h be5 /ruck4 ,b :5 ! l9e 0 cle>$ f ! fi%1 x prov$ to be m]ely ! 8bight10 = ! end /ill hung p]p5dicul>ly d[nw>d4 ,:at 0 !n ! surprise to f9d t x 0 /ill pull$ away ) consid]able =ce6 ,! cap/]n 0 aga9 resort$ to1 & %ortly aft]w>ds !y hove up1 also dead1 ! fi% orig9ally /ruck1 ) ! h>poon /ill fa/4 ,h5ce1 x appe>$ t ! fi% fir/ drawn up _h got accid5tally entangl$ ) ! l9e1 &1 9 its /ruggles to escape1 _h /ill fur!r involv$ itself1 by w9d+ ! l9e repeat$ly r\nd its body4 ,! fi% fir/ entangl$1 z 0 suspect$1 _h long be5 dead1 b x 0 ?is int]lop] t occasion$ ! j]ks & o!r s+ul> effects obs]v$ on ! l9e4 ,! me?od already describ$ is t :i* is adopt$ = ! capture ( :ales "u ! mo/ fav\rable circum/ances1 & is subject to _m alt]ations :5 ! situation or circum/ances are peculi>4 ,h5ce arise v>i\s modes ( captur+ ! :ale1 :i* furni% abundant opportunities = ! ex]cise ( +5uity & skill1 & are att5d$ by _! peculi> dang]s4 ,to an enum]ation ( ^! v>i\s me?ods1 accord+ to local circum/ances1 we n[ proce$ to direct ! read]'s att5tion4 #a4 ,pack-fi%+4--,! bord]s ( close packs ( drift-ice are frequ5tly a fav\rite resort ( l>ge :ales4 ,to attack !m 9 su* a situation subjects ! fi%] to great risks 9 8 l9es & boats1 z well z unc]ta9ty 9 effect+ _! capture4 ,:5 a consid]able swell prevails on ! bord]s ( ! ice1 ! :ales1 on be+ /ruck1 w sometimes rec$e f ! pack1 & become ! prize ( _! assail]s2 b mo/ g5]ally !y flee to x = %elt]1 & frequ5tly make _! escape4 ,to gu>d aga9/ ! loss ( l9es z mu* z possible1 x is usual ei!r to /rike two h>poons f diff]5t boats at ! same mom5t1 or to bridle ! l9es ( a second boat ^u ^? ( ! boat f :i* ! fi% is /ruck4 ,?is op]ation consi/s 9 fix+ o!r l9es to ^? ( ! fa/-boat1 at "s di/ance f ! h>poon1 s t !re is only "o h>poon & "o l9e imm$iately atta*$ to ! fi%1 b ! d\ble /r5g? ( a l9e f ! place ( _! junction to ! boats4 ,h5ce1 %\ld ! fi% flee directly into ! ice1 & proce$ to an inaccessible di/ance1 ! two boats be>+ an equal /ra9 on ea* ( _! l9es c at pleasure draw ! h>poon1 or break ! s+le "p ( ! l9e imm$iately connect$ ) x1 & 9 ei!r case secure !mselves aga9/ any consid]able loss4 ,:5 a pack1 f its clos5ess1 prev5ts boats f p5etrat+1 ! m5 travel ov] ! ice1 leap+ f piece to piece1 9 pursuit ( ! entangl$ :ale4 ,9 ?is pursuit !y c>ry lances ) !m1 & sometimes h>poons1 ) :i*1 :5ev] !y c approa* ! fi%1 !y attack x2 & if !y succe$ 9 kill+ x1 !y drag x t[>ds ! ext]ior m>g9 ( ! ice1 by means ( ! l9e fa/5$ to ! h>poon ) :i* x 0 orig9ally /ruck4 ,9 su* cases1 x is g5]ally an object ( importance to s9k x b5ea? ! ice2 = effect+ :i* purpose1 ea* lobe ( ! tail is divid$ f ! body1 except+ a small portion ( ! edge1 f :i* x hangs p5dul\s 9 ! wat]4 ,if x /ill floats1 bags ( s&1 k$ges1 or small cannon1 are susp5d$ by a block on ! bight ( ! l9e1 :]e) ! buoyancy ( ! dead :ale is usually ov]come4 ,x !n s9ks1 & is easily haul$ out by ! l9e into ! op5 sea4 ,to p>ticul>ize all ! v>iety ( pack-fi%+1 aris+ f w9d & wea!r1 size ( ! fi%1 /ate & peculi>ities ( ! ice1 etc41 w\ld require m space ?an ! int]e/ ( ! subject to g5]al read]s w\ld ju/ify4 ,i %all !re=e only rem>k1 t pack-fi%+ is1 on ! :ole1 ! mo/ tr\blesome & dang]\s ( all o!rs2 t in/ances h occurr$ ( fi% hav+ be5 entangl$ dur+ =ty or fifty h\rs1 & escap$ aft] all2 & t o!r in/ances are rememb]$1 ( %ips hav+ lo/ ! great] "p ( _! /ock ( l9es1 sev]al ( _! boats1 & sometimes1 ?\gh happily less commonly1 "s individuals ( _! crews4 #b4 ,field-fi%+4--,! fi%]y = :ales1 :5 conduct$ at ! m>g9 ( ^? wond]ful %eets ( solid ice1 call$ fields1 is1 :5 ! wea!r is f9e1 & ! refuge = %ips secure1 ! mo/ agreeable1 & sometimes ! mo/ productive ( all situations :i* ! fi%]y ( ,gre5l& pres5ts4 ,a fi% /ruck at ! m>g9 ( a l>ge field ( ice g5]ally desc5ds obliquely b5ea? x1 takes f\r or eight l9es f ! fa/-boat1 & !n returns exhau/$ to ! edge4 ,x is !n attack$ 9 ! usual way ) h>poons & lances1 & is easily kill$4 ,!re is "o evid5t advantage 9 field-fi%+1 :i* is ?is3 :5 ! fa/-boat lies at ! edge ( a firm unbrok5 field1 & ! l9e proce$s 9 an angle b5ea? ! ice1 ! fi% mu/ necess>ily arise some:]e 9 a semicircle describ$ f ! fa/-boat z a c5tre1 ) a sweep n exce$+ ! l5g? ( ! l9es out2 b mo/ g5]ally x appe>s 9 a l9e ext5d+ along ! m>g9 ( ! ice1 s t ! boats1 :5 disp]s$ along ! edge ( ! field1 are z effectual & z ready = promot+ ! capture z twice ! numb] ( boats or m :5 fi%+ 9 op5 situations2 because1 9 op5 situations1 ! :ale may arise any:]e )9 a circle1 in/ead ( a semicircle1 describ$ by ! l5g? ( ! l9es )drawn f ! fa/-boat1 :5ce x frequ5tly happ5s t all ! att5dant boats are dispos$ 9 a wrong direction1 & ! fi% recov]s its brea?1 breaks loose1 & escapes be=e any ( !m c secure x ) a second h>poon4 ,h5ce1 :5 a %ip fi%es at a field ) an ord9>y crew & six or sev5 boats1 two ( ! l>ge/ fi% may be /ruck at ! same "t ) e prospect ( success2 :ile ! same =ce attempt+ ! capture ( two at once 9 an op5 situation1 w n unfrequ5tly occasion ! loss ( bo?4 ,!re h1 inde$1 be5 _m in/ances ( a %ip's crew1 ) sev5 boats1 /rik+ at a field six fi% at ! same "t1 & succe$+ 9 kill+ ! :ole2 g5]ally speak+1 six boats at a field are capable ( p]=m+ ! same execution z ne> twice t numb] 9 op5 situations4 ,besides1 fields sometimes af=d an opportunity ( fi%+1 :5 9 any o!r situation !re c be little or no probability ( success1 or1 inde$1 :5 to fi% else:]e is utt]ly impracticable4 ,?us1 calms1 /orms1 & fogs1 are great annoyances 9 ! fi%]y 9 g5]al1 & frequ5tly prev5t x altoge!r1 b at fields ! fi%]y goes on "u any ( ^! disadvantages4 ,z !re are sev]al important advantages att5d+ ! fi%]y at fields1 s likewise !re are "s s]i\s disadvantages1 *iefly relat+ to ! safety ( ! %ips engag$ 9 ! occupation4 ,! motions ( fields are rapid1 v>i\s1 & unacc\ntable1 & ! p[] ) :i* !y approa* ea* o!r1 & squeeze e resi/+ object1 imm5se2 h5ce occasionally va/ mis*ief is produc$1 :i* x is n always 9 ! p[] ( ! mo/ skilful & att5tive ma/] to =esee or prev5t4 ,su* are ! pr9cipal advantages & disadvantages ( fields ( ice to ! :ale-fi%]y4 ,! advantages1 h[ev]1 z above enum]at$1 ?\gh !y ext5d to l>ge floes1 d n ext5d to small floes1 or to su* fields1 h[ l>ge soev] !y may be1 z conta9 cracks or holes1 or are fill$ up ) ?9 ice 9 ! int]ior4 ,l>ge & firm fields are ! mo/ conv5i5t1 & likewise ! mo/ advantage\s = ! fi%]y2 ! mo/ conv5i5t1 because ! :ales1 unable to brea! b5ea? a close ext5sive field ( ice1 are oblig$ to make _! appe>ance aga9 above wat] among ! boats on ! look out2 & !y are ! mo/ advantage\s1 because n only ! mo/ fi% commonly resort to !m1 b a great] numb] c be kill$ ) less =ce1 & 9 a %ort] space ( "t1 ?an 9 any o!r situation4 ,?9 fields1 or fields full ( holes1 be+ by no means advantage\s to fi% by1 are usually avoid$1 because a 8fa/ fi%0 retreat+ "u su* a field1 c respire ?r\gh ! holes 9 ! c5tre z conv5i5tly z on ! ext]ior2 & a l>ge fi% usually proce$s f "o hole to ano!r1 & if det]m9$ to advance1 _c possibly be /opp$4 ,9 ?is case1 all t c be done is1 to break ! l9e or draw ! h>poon out4 ,b :5 ! fi% c be obs]v$ bl[+ 9 any ( ! holes 9 a field1 ! m5 travel ov] ! ice1 & attack x ) lances1 prick+ x ov] ! nose to endeav\r to turn x back4 ,?is s*eme1 h[ev]1 does n always answ] ! expectations ( ! fi%]s1 z frequ5tly ! fe> ( 8 enemies acts s p[]fully on ! :ale t he pu%es =w>d t[>ds ! int]ior to 8 dy+ mom5t4 ,:5 kill$1 ! same means are us$ z 9 pack-fi%+ to s9k x1 b !y d n always succe$2 = ! h>poon is frequ5tly drawn out1 or ! l9e brok5 9 ! ef=t4 ,if1 !re=e1 no attempt to s9k ! fi% avails1 !re is sc>cely any o!r practicable me?od ( mak+ a prize ( x1 7unless :5 ! ice happ5s to be s ?9 t x c be brok5 ) a boat1 or a *annel readily cut 9 x ) an ice-saw17 ?an cutt+ ! blubb] away1 & dragg+ x piece by piece across ! ice to ! vessel1 :i* requires imm5se lab\r1 & is att5d$ ) va/ loss ( "t4 ,h5ce we h a suffici5t reason = avoid+ su* situations1 :5ev] fi% c be f\nd else:]e4 ,z connect$ ) ?is subject1 ,i _c pass ov] a circum/ance :i* occurr$ )9 my own obs]vation1 & :i* excit$ my highe/ admiration4 ,on ! #h? ,july1 #ahac1 ! %ip ,esk lay by ! edge ( a ?9 %eet ( ice1 9 :i* 7 sev]al ?9 p>ts & "s holes4 ,"h a fi% be+ he>d bl[+1 a h>poon1 hav+ a l9e connect$ ) x1 0 convey$ across ! ice by a boat on gu>d1 & ! h>poon] succe$$ 9 /rik+ ! :ale1 at ! di/ance ( #cej y>ds f ! v]ge4 ,x dragg$ out t5 l9es1 7#b1djj y>ds17 & 0 suppos$ to be se5 bl[+ 9 diff]5t holes 9 ! ice4 ,aft] "s "t1 x happ5$ to make its appe>ance on ! ext]ior1 :5 a h>poon 0 /ruck at ! mom5t x 0 on ! po9t ( proce$+ aga9 b5ea?4 ,ab\t a hundr$ y>ds f ! edge1 x broke ! ice :]e x 0 a foot 9 ?ickness ) its cr[n1 & respir$ ?r\gh ! op5+4 ,x !n det]m9ately pu%$ =w>d1 break+ ! ice z x advanc$1 9 spite ( ! lances cont9ually direct$ aga9/ x4 ,x rea*$ at l5g? a k9d ( bas9 9 ! field1 :]e x float$ on ! surface ( ! wat] )\t any encumbrance f ice4 ,its back be+ fairly expos$1 ! h>poon /ruck f ! boat 0 obs]v$ to be s slightly entangl$ t x 0 ready to drop out4 ,"s ( ! (fic]s lam5t$ ?is circum/ance1 & express$ a wi% t ! h>poon 7 bett] fa/1 obs]v+ at ! same "t t if x %\ld slip out1 ! fi% w\ld ei!r be lo/1 or !y w\ld be "u ! necessity ( fl5s+ x :]e x lay1 & ( dragg+ ! pieces ( blubb] ov] ! ice to ! %ip1 a k9d & degree ( lab\r e "o 0 anxi\s to avoid4 ,no soon] 0 ! wi% express$1 & its importance made kn[n1 ?an "o ( ! sailors1 a sm>t & ent]pris+ fell[1 /epp$ =w>d & volunte]$ 8 s]vices to /rike x bett] 94 ,n at all intimidat$ by ! surprise :i* 0 manife/$ 9 e c\nt5ance by su* a bold proposal1 he pull$ out 8 pocket-knife1 leapt ^u ! back ( ! liv+ :ale1 & imm$iately cut ! h>poon out4 ,/imulat$ by ?is c\rage\s example1 two ( 8 companions proce$$ to 8 assi/ance4 ,:ile "o ( !m haul$ ^u ! l9e1 & held x 9 8 h&s1 ! o!r set 8 %\ld] aga9/ ! extremity ( ! h>poon1 &1 ?\gh x 0 )\t a /ock1 he contriv$ to /rike x aga9 into ! fi% m effectually ?an x 0 at fir/4 ,! fi% 0 9 motion be=e ?is 0 f9i%$4 ,aft] !y got (f its back1 x advanc$ a consid]able di/ance1 break+ ! ice all ! way1 & surviv$ ?is uncommon treatm5t t5 or fifte5 m9utes4 ,?is admirable act 0 an ess5tial b5efit4 ,! fi% sunk spontane\sly aft] be+ kill$1 on :i* x 0 haul$ out to ! edge ( ! ice by ! l9e1 & secur$ )\t fur!r tr\ble4 ,x prov$ a /\t :ale1 & a v acceptable prize4 ,:5 a %ip approa*es a consid]able field ( ice1 & f9ds :ales1 x is usual to moor to ! leew>d side ( x1 f :i* ! adjo9+ ice g5]ally fir/ sep>ates4 ,boats are !n plac$ on wat* on ea* side ( ! %ip1 & /ation$ at int]vals ( "o hundr$ or "o hundr$ & fifty y>ds along ! edge ( ! ice4 ,h5ce1 if a fi% arises any:]e betwe5 ! extreme boats1 x seldom escapes unhurt4 ,x is n uncommon = a great numb] ( %ips to moor to ! same %eet ( ice4 ,:5 ! :ale-fi%]y ( ! ,holl&]s 0 9 a fl\ri%+ /ate1 above "o hundr$ sail ( %ips might sometimes be se5 moor$ to ! same field ( ice1 ea* hav+ two or m boats on wat*4 ,! field w\ld 9 consequ5ce1 be s ne>ly surr\nd$ ) boats1 t x 0 almo/ impossible = a fi% to rise ne> ! v]ge ( ! ice )\t be+ )9 ! limits ( a />t ( "s ( !m4 #c4 ,fi%+ 9 cr[d$ ice or 9 op5 packs4--,9 navigable op5 drift-ice1 or among/ small deta*$ /reams & pat*es1 ei!r ( :i* s]ve 9 a degree to break ! =ce ( ! sea1 & to prev5t any consid]able swell f aris+1 we h a situation :i* is consid]$ z "o ( ! be/ possible = conduct+ ! fi%]y 92 consequ5tly1 x comes "u ! same d5om9ation z ^? fav\rable situations 9 :i* ,i h fir/ attempt$ to describe ! proce$+s ( ! fi%]s 9 kill+ ! :ale4 ,b ! situation ,i n[ mean to ref] to is :5 ! ice is cr[d$ & ne>ly close1 s close1 inde$1 t x sc>cely af=ds room = boats to pass ?r\gh x1 & by no means suffici5t space = a %ip to be navigat$ among x4 ,?is k9d ( situation occurs 9 some:at op5 packs1 or 9 l>ge pat*es ( cr[d$ ice1 & af=ds a fair probability ( captur+ a :ale1 ?\gh x is seldom accompli%$ )\t a consid]able deal ( tr\ble4 ,:5 ! ice is v cr[d$1 & ! %ip _c sail into x ) propriety1 x is usual1 especially ) =eign]s1 to seek out = a moor+ to "s mass ( ice1 if su* c be f\nd1 ext5d+ two or ?ree fa?oms or m "u wat]4 ,a piece ( ice ( ?is k9d is capable n only ( hold+ ! %ip 8head to w9d10 b also to w9dw>d ( ! small] ice4 ,! boats !n set out 9 *ase ( any fi% :i* may be se51 & :5 "o happ5s to be /ruck1 !y proce$ 9 ! capture 9 a simil> mann] z :5 "u m fav\rable circum/ances1 except+ s f> z ! ob/ruction :i* ! quality & arrangem5t ( ! ice may (f] to ! regul> sy/em ( proce$+4 ,among cr[d$ ice1 = in/ance1 ! precise direction pursu$ by ! fi% is n easily asc]ta9$1 nor c ! fi% itself be readily discov]$ on its fir/ arrival at ! surface aft] be+ /ruck1 on acc\nt ( ! elevation ( ! int]v5+ masses ( ice1 & ! great quantity ( l9e x frequ5tly takes f ! fa/-boat4 ,success 9 su* a situation dep5ds on ! boats be+ spread widely abroad1 & on a judici\s arrangem5t ( ea* boat2 on a ke5 look out on ! "p ( ! h>poon]s 9 ! boats1 & on _! occasionally tak+ ! b5efit ( a hummock ( ice1 f ! elevation ( :i* ! fi% may sometimes be se5 bl[+ 9 ! int]/ices ( ! ice2 on pu%+ or r[+ ! boats ) ! greate/ imag9able cel]ity t[>ds ! place :]e ! fi% may h be5 se52 & la/ly1 on ! ex]cise ( ! highe/ degree ( activity & dispat* 9 e proce$+4 ,if ^! be neglect$1 ! fi% w g5]ally h tak5 brea?1 recov]$ its /r5g?1 & remov$ to "s o!r qu>t]1 be=e ! arrival ( ! boats2 & x is (t5 rem>k$1 t if !re be "o "p ( ! ice m cr[d$ or m difficult ( access ?an ano!r1 x commonly retreats ?i!r = refuge4 ,9 su* cases1 ! sailors f9d mu* difficulty 9 gett+ to x ) _! boats1 hav+ to sep>ate _m pieces ( ice be=e !y c pass ?r\gh betwe5 !m4 ,b :5 x is n practicable to move ! pieces1 & :5 !y _c travel ov] !m1 !y mu/ ei!r drag ! boats across ! int]m$iate ice1 or p]=m an ext5sive circuit be=e !y c rea* ! opposite side ( ! close ice1 into :i* ! :ale has retreat$4 ,a second h>poon 9 ?is case1 z inde$ 9 all o!rs1 is a mat]ial po9t4 ,!y proce$ to lance :5ev] ! second h>poon is /ruck1 & /rike m h>poons z ! auxili>y boats progressively arrive at ! place4 ,:5 ! fi% is kill$1 x is (t5 at a di/ance f ! %ip1 & s circum/anc$ t ! %ip _c get ne> x4 ,9 su* cases1 ! fi% mu/ be t[$ by ! boats to ! %ip2 an op]ation :i*1 among cr[d$ ice1 is mo/ tr\blesome & labori\s4 #d4 ,bay-ice fi%+4--,bay-ice con/itutes a situation :i*1 ?\gh n p>ticul>ly dang]\s1 is yet1 on ! :ole1 "o ( ! mo/ tr\blesome 9 :i* :ales are kill$4 ,9 %eets ( bay-ice1 ! :ales f9d a v effectual %elt]2 = s long z ! ice w n c>ry a man1 !y _c be approa*$ ) a boat )\t produc+ su* a noise z mu/ c]ta9ly w>n !m ( ! int5d$ assault2 & if a :ale1 by "s fav\rable accid5t1 7 /ruck1 ! difficulties ( complet+ ! capture are always num]\s1 & sometimes prove insurm\ntable4 ,! :ale hav+ free locomotion b5ea? ! ice1 ! fi%]s pursue x "u great disadvantage4 ,! fi%]s _c pu% _! boats t[>d x b ) extreme difficulty1 :ile ! :ale1 inv>iably w>n$ by ! noise ( _! approa*1 possesses e facility = avoid+ its enemies4 ,9 ! ye> #ahac1 ,i adopt$ a new plan ( fi%+ 9 bay-ice1 :i* 0 att5d$ ) ! mo/ successful result4 ,! %ip "u my comm&1 ! ,esk1 ( ,:itby1 0 froz5 into a %eet ( bay-ice1 includ$ 9 a triangul> space1 =m$ by sev]al massive fields & floes4 ,"h a numb] ( small :ales 7 se5 sport+ ar\nd u 9 e little hole or space 9 ! bay-ice1 & occasionally !y 7 obs]v$ to break ?r\gh x = ! purpose ( brea?+4 ,9 v>i\s little op5+s free ( ice ne> ! %ip1 few ( :i* 7 tw5ty y>ds 9 diamet]1 we plac$ boats1 ea* equipp$ ) a h>poon & l9es1 & direct$ by two or ?ree m54 ,!y _h ord]s to place !mselves 9 su* a situation t if a fi% appe>$ 9 ! same op5+ !y c\ld sc>cely fail ( /rik+ x4 ,previ\s to ?is1 ,i suppli$ myself ) a pair ( ice-%oes1 consi/+ ( two pieces ( ?9 deal1 six feet 9 l5g?1 & sev5 in*es 9 bread?4 ,!y 7 made v ?9 at bo? ends1 & 9 ! c5tre ( ea* 0 a holl[ place1 exactly adapt$ = ! reception ( ! sole ( my boot1 ) a loop ( lea!r = conf9+ ! toes4 ,i 0 ?us enabl$ to reta9 ! ice-%oes pretty firmly to my feet :5 requir$1 or1 :5 ,i wi%$ x1 to dis5gage !m 9 a mom5t4 ,:]e ! ice 0 smoo?1 x 0 easy to move 9 a /raight l9e1 b 9 turn+ ,i f\nd a consid]able difficulty1 & requir$ "s practice be=e ,i c\ld effect x )\t fall+4 ,i advanc$ ) tol]able spe$1 :]e ! ice 0 level on ! surface1 by slid+ ! %oes alt]nately =w>d1 b :5 ,i met ) r\gh hilly places ,i exp]i5c$ great inconv5i5ce4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! r\gh places happ5$ to consi/ ( /rong ice1 :i* g5]ally 0 ! case1 ,i /ept out ( my ice-%oes until ,i rea*$ a weak] "p4 ,equipp$ ) ?is app>atus1 ,i travell$ safely ov] ice :i* _h n be5 froz5 above tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & :i* 0 incapable ( support+ ! weight ( ! smalle/ boy 9 ! %ip4 ,:5ev] a fi% 0 /ruck1 ,i gave ord]s to ! h>poon]1 9 runn+ ! l9e1 to use e means ( dr[n+ x2 ! tr\ble ( haul+ x up1 "u ! circum/ances 9 :i* ! %ip 0 plac$1 be+ a matt] ( no consid]ation4 ,?is 0 attempt$ by hold+ a /eady tight /ra9 on ! l9e1 )\t slack+ x or j]k+ x unnecess>ily1 & by =be>+ to haul ! l9e :5 ! fi% /opp$4 ,by ?is measure1 "o fi%1 ! /\te/ ( ! ?ree :i* we got1 0 dr[n$4 ,:5 o!rs 7 /ruck1 & ! attempt to dr[n !m fail$1 ,i provid$ myself ) a h>poon1 & obs]v+ ! direction ( ! l9e1 travell$ t[>ds ! place :]e ,i expect$ ! fi% to rise4 ,a small boat 0 laun*$1 m leisurely1 9 ! same direction = my support2 & :5ev] ! ice 9 my track 0 capable ( support+ a man1 assi/ance 0 af=d$ me 9 dragg+ ! l9e4 ,:5 ! w\nd$ fi% appe>$1 ,i /ruck my h>poon ?r\gh ! ice1 & !n1 ) "s occasional assi/ance1 proce$$ to lance x1 until x 0 kill$4 ,at diff]5t times1 ! fi% rose b5ea? my feet1 & broke ! ice on :i* ,i /ood2 on "o occasion1 :]e ! ice 0 happily m ?an usually /rong1 ,i 0 oblig$ to leave my ice %oes1 & skip (f4 ,9 ?is way we captur$ ?ree fi%1 & took _! produce on bo>d1 :ile sev]al %ips ne> u made n ! lea/ progress 9 ! fi%]y4 ,aft] !y 7 kill$1 we _h mu* tr\ble 9 gett+ !m to ! %ip1 b z we c\ld n employ ourselves to advantage 9 any o!r way1 we 7 well satisfi$ ) ! issue4 ,?is "p ( ! bus9ess ,i c\ld n effect alone1 & all h&s1 :o 7 occasionally employ$ 9 x1 broke ?r\gh ! ice4 ,"s individuals broke 9 two or ?ree times1 b no s]i\s accid5t ensu$4 ,z a precaution1 we ext5d$ a rope f man to man1 :i* 0 held 9 ! h&s ( ea* 9 _! progress across ! ice1 & :i* s]v$ = draw+ ^? out ( ! wat] :o happ5$ to break ?r\gh4 ,sometimes t5 or a doz5 ( !m w\ld break 9 at once1 b s f> 0 su* an occurr5ce f excit+ di/ress1 t ea* ( _! companions indulg$ a laugh at _! exp5se1 not)/&+ !y probably %>$ ! same fate a m9ute or two aft]w>ds4 #e4 ,fi%+ 9 /orms4--,except+ 9 situations %elt]$ f ! ice1 x w\ld be alike useless & presumptu\s to attempt to kill :ales dur+ a /orm4 ,in/ances1 h[ev]1 occur1 :]e9 fi% t 7 /ruck dur+ f9e wea!r1 or 9 w9ds :i* d n prev5t ! boats f ply+ ab\t1 rema9 entangl$1 b unsubdu$1 aft] ! comm5cem5t ( a /orm4 ,sometimes ! capture is complet$1 at o!rs ! fi%]s are "u ! necessity ( cutt+ ! l9es1 & all[+ ! :ale to escape4 ,sometimes1 :5 !y h succe$$ 9 kill+ x1 & 9 secur+ x dur+ ! gale ) a haws] to ! %ip1 !y are enabl$ to make a prize ( x on ! return ( mod]ate wea!r2 at o!rs1 aft] hav+ x to appe>ance secur$ by means ( a suffici5t rope1 ! dang]\s proximity ( an ice-pack con/ra9s !m to cut x adrift & ab&on x = ! pres]vation ( _! vessel4 ,aft] ?us be+ ab&on$1 x becomes ! prize ( ! fir/ :o gets possession ( x1 ?\gh x be 9 ! face ( ! orig9al captur]s4 ,a /orm comm5c+ :ile ! boats are engag$ ) an entangl$ fi%1 sometimes occasions s]i\s disa/]s4 ,g5]ally1 h[ev]1 ?\gh !y suff] ! loss ( ! fi%1 & p]haps "s ( _! boats & mat]ials1 yet ! m5 escape ) _! lives4 #f4 ,fi%+ 9 foggy wea!r4--,! fi%]y 9 /orms c nev] be volunt>y2 b 9 foggy wea!r1 ?\gh occasionally att5d$ ) haz>d1 ! fi%]y is n altoge!r impracticable4 ,! fogs :i* occur 9 ! icy regions 9 ,june & ,july are g5]ally d5se & la/+3 !y are s ?ick1 t objects _c be di/+ui%$ at ! di/ance ( #ajj or #aej y>ds1 & frequ5tly cont9ue = sev]al days )\t att5uation4 ,to fi% ) safety & success1 dur+ a ?ick fog1 is1 !re=e1 a matt] ( difficulty1 & ( /ill great] unc]ta9ty4 ,:5 x happ5s t a fi% conducts itself fav\rably1 t is1 desc5ds almo/ p]p5dicul>ly1 &1 on its return to ! surface1 rema9s ne>ly /ation>y1 or moves r\nd 9 a small circle1 ! capture is usually accompli%$ )\t haz>d or p>ticul> difficulty2 b :51 on ! contr>y1 x proce$s ) any consid]able velocity 9 a horizontal direction1 or obliquely d[nw>ds1 x soon drags ! boats out ( sight ( ! %ip1 & %ortly s conf\nds ! fi%]s 9 ! int5sity ( ! mi/1 t !y lose all traces ( ! situation ( _! vessel4 ,if ! fi%1 9 its flight1 draws !m beyond ! rea* ( ! s\nd ( a bell1 or a horn1 _! p]sonal safety becomes endang]$2 & if !y are remov$ beyond ! s\nd ( cannon1 _! situation becomes extremely haz>d\s1 especially if no o!r %ips happ5 to be 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity4 ,mean:ile1 :atev] may be _! imag9>y or real dang]1 ! m9d ( _! comm&] mu/ be kept 9 ! mo/ anxi\s susp5se until !y are f\nd2 & :e!r !y may be 9 safety or ne> p]i%+ ) fatigue1 hung]1 & cold1 s long z he is unc]ta9 ( _! fate1 8 anxiety mu/ be ! same4 ,be=e ent]+ on ! subsequ5t op]ations ( ! :al]s1 connect$ ) a successful fi%]y1 ,i %all give a few examples ( rem>kable /r5g?1 activity1 or o!r peculi>ity1 9 ! behavi\r ( :ales aft] !y h be5 /ruck1 be+ a few ( ! curi\s circum/ances connect$ ) ! fi%]y :i* ,i h myself obs]v$1 or h receiv$ f unque/ionable au?ority4 ,on ! #be? ,june1 #ahab1 "o ( ! h>poon]s belong+ to ! ,resolution1 ( ,:itby1 "u my comm&1 /ruck a :ale by ! edge ( a small floe ( ice2 assi/ance be+ promptly af=d$1 a second boat's l9es 7 atta*$ to ^? ( ! fa/-boat 9 a few m9utes aft] ! h>poon 0 dis*>g$2 ! rema9d] ( ! boats proce$$ to "s di/ance 9 ! direction :i* ! fi% seem$ to h tak54 ,9 ab\t a qu>t] ( an h\r1 ! fa/-boat1 to my surprise1 aga9 made a signal = l9es4 ,z ! %ip 0 !n )9 five m9utes' sail1 we in/antly /e]$ t[>ds ! boat1 ) ! view ( af=d+ assi/ance by means ( a sp>e boat we /ill reta9$ on bo>d4 ,be=e we rea*$ ! place1 h[ev]1 we obs]v$ f\r o>s display$ 9 signal ord]1 :i*1 by _! numb]1 indicat$ a mo/ urg5t necessity = assi/ance4 ,two or ?ree m5 7 at ! same "t se5 seat$ close by ! /]n1 :i* 0 consid]ably elevat$1 = ! purpose ( keep+ x d[n1 :ile ! b[ ( ! boat1 by ! =ce ( ! l9e1 0 drawn d[n to ! level ( ! sea1 & ! h>poon]1 by ! friction ( ! l9e r\nd ! boll>d1 0 envelop$ 9 smoky obscurity4 ,at l5g?1 :5 ! %ip 0 sc>cely "o hundr$ y>ds di/ant1 we p]ceiv$ prep>ations = quitt+ ! boat4 ,! sailors' pea jackets 7 ca/ ^u ! adjo9+ ice2 ! o>s 7 ?r[n d[n2 ! crew leap$ ov]bo>d2 ! b[ ( ! boat 0 buri$ 9 ! wat]2 ! /]n rose p]p5dicul>ly1 & !n maje/ically disappe>$4 ,! h>poon] hav+ caus$ ! end ( ! l9e to be fa/5$ to ! iron r+ at ! boat's /]n 0 ! means ( its loss2 & a tongue ( ! ice1 on :i* 0 a dep? ( sev]al feet ( wat]1 kept ! boat1 by ! pressure ( ! l9e aga9/ x1 at su* a consid]able di/ance z prev5t$ ! crew f leap+ ^u ! floe4 ,"s ( !m 71 !re=e1 put to ! necessity ( swimm+ = _! pres]vation1 b all ( !m succe$$ 9 scrambl+ ^u ! ice1 & 7 tak5 on bo>d ! %ip 9 a few m9utes4 ,x may be "h obs]v$1 t x is an uncommon circum/ance = a fi% to require m ?an two boats' l9es 9 su* a situation2 none ( our h>poon]s1 !re=e1 _h any scruple 9 leav+ ! fa/-boat1 nev] suspect+1 aft] x _h receiv$ ! assi/ance ( "o boat ) six l9es1 or upw>d1 t x w\ld ne$ any m4 ,sev]al %ips be+ ab\t u1 !re 0 a possibility t "s p]son might attack & make a prize ( ! :ale1 :5 x _h s f> escap$ u t we no long] reta9$ any hold ( x2 z su*1 we set all sail ! %ip c\ld safely su/a91 & work$ ?r\gh sev]al n>r[ & intricate *annels 9 ! ice 9 ! direction ,i obs]v$ ! fi% _h retreat$4 ,aft] a little "t1 x 0 descri$ by ! p 9 ! boats at a consid]able di/ance to ! ea/w>d2 a g5]al *ase imm$iately comm5c$1 & )9 ! space ( an h\r ?ree h>poons 7 /ruck4 ,we n[ imag9$ t ! fi% 0 secure1 b our expectations 7 premature4 ,! :ale resolutely pu%$ b5ea? a l>ge floe t _h be5 rec5tly brok5 to pieces by ! swell1 & soon drew all ! l9es out ( ! second fa/-boat1 ! (fic] ( :i*1 n be+ able to get any assi/ance1 ti$ ! end ( 8 l9e to a hummock ( ice & broke x4 ,soon aft]w>ds1 ! o!r two boats1 /ill fa/1 7 dragg$ aga9/ ! brok5 floe1 :5 "o ( ! h>poons drew out4 ,! l9es ( only "o boat1 !re=e rema9$ fa/ to ! fi%1 & ?is1 ) six or eight l9es out1 0 dragg$ =w>d into ! %att]$ floe ) a/oni%+ =ce2 pieces ( ice1 ea* ( :i* 7 suffici5tly l>ge to h answ]$ ! purpose ( a moor+ = ! %ip1 7 :eel$ ab\t by ! /r5g? ( ! :ale2 & su* 0 ! t5sion & ela/icity ( ! l9e t1 :5ev] x slipp$ cle> ( any mass ( ice1 aft] turn+ x r\nd into ! space betwe5 any two adjo9+ pieces1 ! boat & its crew flew =w>d ?r\gh ! crack ) ! velocity ( an arr[1 & nev] fail$ to laun* sev]al feet ^u ! fir/ mass ( ice t x enc\nt]$4 ,:ile we sc\r$ ! sea ar\nd ! brok5 floe ( ! %ip1 & :ile ! ice 0 attempt$ 9 va9 by ! boats1 ! :ale cont9u$ to press =w>d 9 an ea/]ly direction t[>ds ! sea4 ,at l5g?1 :5 f\rte5 l9es1 ab\t #a1fhj fa?oms1 7 drawn f ! f\r? fa/-boat1 a slight entanglem5t ( ! l9e broke x at ! /]n4 ,! fi% aga9 made its escape1 tak+ along ) x a boat & tw5ty-eight l9es4 ,! unit$ l5g? ( ! l9es 0 #f1gbj y>ds1 or upw>ds ( ?ree ,engli% miles & ?ree-qu>t]s2 value ) ! boat above #aej /]l+4 ,! ob/ruction ( ! sunk5 boat to ! progress ( ! fi% mu/ h be5 imm5se1 & t ( ! l9es likewise consid]able1 ! weight ( ! l9es alone be+ ?irty-five hundr$ weight4 ,s long z ! f\r? fa/-boat1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( its l9es1 reta9$ its hold ( ! fi%1 we se>*$ ! adjo9+ sea ) ! %ip 9 va91 b 9 a %ort "t aft] ! l9e 0 divid$ we got sight ( ! object ( pursuit at ! di/ance ( ne> two miles to ! ea/w>d ( ! ice & boats1 9 ! op5 sea4 ,"o boat only ) l9es1 & two empty boats1 7 res]v$ by ! %ip4 ,hav+1 h[ev]1 happily f9e wea!r & a breeze ( w9d1 we imm$iately gave *ase "u all sails1 ?\gh x mu/ be confess$ ) ! insignificant =ce by u1 ! di/ance ( ! fi%1 & ! rapidity ( its flight consid]$1 we _h b v small hopes ( success4 ,at l5g?1 aft] pursu+ x five or six miles1 be+ at lea/ n9e miles f ! place :]e x 0 /ruck1 we came up ) x1 & x seem$ incl9$ to re/ aft] its extraord9>y ex]tion4 ,! two dismantl$ or empty boats hav+ be5 furni%$ ) two l9es ea*1 7a v inadequate supply17 !y1 toge!r ) ! "o 9 good /ate ( equipm5t1 n[ made an attack ^u ! :ale4 ,"o ( ! h>poon]s made a blund]2 ! fi% saw ! boat1 took ! al>m1 & aga9 fl$4 ,i n[ suppos$ x w\ld be se5 no m2 nev]!less1 we *as$ ne>ly a mile 9 ! direction ,i imag9$ x _h tak51 & plac$ ! boats to ! be/ ( my judgm5t 9 ! mo/ advantage\s situations4 ,9 ?is in/ance we 7 extremely successful4 ,! fi% rose ne> "o ( ! boats1 & 0 imm$iately h>poon$4 ,9 a few m9utes1 two m h>poons ent]$ its back1 & lances 7 pli$ aga9/ x ) vig\r & success4 ,exhau/$ by its amaz+ ex]tions to escape1 x yield$ itself at l5g? to its fate1 receiv$ ! pi]c+ w\nds ( ! lances )\t resi/ance1 & f9ally di$ )\t a /ruggle4 ,aft] all1 x may seem surpris+ t x 0 n a p>ticul>ly l>ge individual1 ! l>ge/ lam9a ( :alebone only measur+ n9e feet six in*es1 :ile ^? af=d+ twelve feet bone are n uncommon4 ,! quantity ( l9e )drawn f ! diff]5t boats engag$ 9 ! capture 0 s+ul>ly great4 ,x am\nt$ altoge!r to #aj1ddj y>ds1 or ne>ly six ,engli% miles4 ,( ^!1 ?irte5 new l9es 7 lo/1 toge!r ) ! sunk5 boat1 ! h>poon connect+ !m ) ! fi% hav+ dropp$ out be=e ! :ale 0 kill$4 ,?us t]m9at$ ) success an attack ^u a :ale1 :i* exhibit$ ! mo/ uncommon det]m9ation to escape f its pursu]s1 second$ by ! mo/ amaz+ /r5g?1 ( any individual ^: capture ,i ev] witness$4 ,:5 engag$ 9 ! pursuit ( a l>ge :ale1 x is a necess>y precaution = two boats at all times to proce$ 9 company1 t ! "o may be able to assi/ ! o!r on any em]g5cy4 ,) ?is pr9ciple 9 view1 two boats f ! ,esk 7 s5t out 9 *ase ( "s l>ge :ales1 on ! #ac? ( ,june1 #ahad4 ,no ice 0 )9 sight1 ! boats _h proce$$ "s "t toge!r1 :5 !y sep>at$ 9 pursuit ( two :ales1 n f> di/ant f ea* o!r1 :51 by a s+ul> co9cid5ce1 ! h>poon]s ea* /ruck 8 fi% at ! same mom5t4 ,!y 7 a mile f ! %ip4 ,urg5t signals = assi/ance 7 imm$iately display$ by ea* boat1 &1 9 a few m9utes1 "o ( ! h>poon]s 0 "u ! necessity ( slipp+ ! end ( 8 l9e4 ,happily1 ! o!r fi% did n desc5d s deep1 & ! l9es 9 ! boat prov$ adequate to ! occasion4 ,"o ( ! fi% be+ !n suppos$ to be lo/1 five ( ! boats1 out ( sev51 att5d$ on ! fi% :i* yet rema9$ entangl$1 & spe$ily kill$ x4 ,a %ort "t aft]w>ds1 ! o!r fi% suppos$ to be irrecov]ably lo/1 0 descri$ at a little di/ance f ! place :]e x 0 /ruck2 ?ree boats proce$$ aga9/ x2 x 0 imm$iately /ruck1 & 9 tw5ty m9utes also kill$4 ,?us 7 successfully captur$ two :ales1 bo? ( :i* _h be5 despair$ (4 ,!y produc$ u ne> =ty tuns ( oil1 value at t "t #a1djj4 ,! l9es atta*$ to ! fi% la/ kill$ 7 recov]$ 9 a rem>kable mann]4 ,! h>poon]s 7 busily engag$ 9 attempt+ to secure !m1 :5 ! h>poon1 by :i* alone !y 7 prev5t$ f s9k+1 slipp$ out2 b z x desc5d$ 9 ! wat]1 x luckily hook$ ! l9e belong+ to ano!r boat1 by :i* bo? h>poon & l9es 7 pres]v$4 ,x is v g5]ally believ$ by ! :al]s1 t fi% h occasionally be5 /ruck1 :i*1 by sudd5 ext5sion or heave ( ! body1 h in/antly dis5gag$ !mselves f ! h>poon4 ,?is usually happ5s :5 ! :ale is /ruck 8) a slack back10 z t position ( ! fi% is d5om9at$1 9 :i* ! back be+ depress$ ! fle% is relax$4 ,a h>poon !n /ruck occasions an uncommon w\nd4 ,h5ce1 if ! fi% sudd5ly ext5ds itself & elevates its back1 ! w\nd appe>s ( twice ! size ( ! h>poon1 & consequ5tly ! weapon is capable ( be+ ?r[n out by ! j]k ( ! body4 ,"u su* circum/ances z ^!1 a l>ge :ale 0 /ruck by a h>poon] belong+ to ! %ip ,h[e1 ( ,%ields4 ,! fi% ext5d+ & lift+ its back ) uncommon viol5ce1 ! h>poon 0 dis5gag$ & project$ high into ! air1 :51 at ! same mom5t1 ! fi% roll$ ov] ^u its back1 & receiv$ ! po9t ( ! fall+ weapon 9 its belly1 :]eby x 0 captur$ & caught4 ,?is circum/ance1 romantic z x may appe>1 is s well au!nticat$ by ! p]son :o /ruck ! fi%1 toge!r ) o!rs :o 7 9 ! boat at ! same "t1 & 7 witnesses ( ! fact1 t ,i h no scruple 9 introduc+ x "h4 ,on ! #bh? ( ,may1 #ahag1 ! ,royal ,b\nty1 ( ,lei?1 capta9 ,drysdale1 fell 9 ) a great numb] ( :ales1 9 ! lat4 #gg #be nor?1 & long4 #e or #f ea/4 ,nei!r ice nor l& 0 9 sight1 nor 0 !re suppos$ to be ei!r ! "o or ! o!r )9 fifty or sixty miles4 ,a brisk breeze ( w9d prevail$1 & ! wea!r 0 cle>4 ,! boats 71 !re=e1 mann$ & s5t 9 pursuit4 ,aft] a *ase ( ab\t five h\rs1 ! h>poon]1 comm&+ a boat1 :o1 ) ano!r 9 company1 _h r[$ out ( sight ( ! %ip1 /ruck "o ( ! :ales4 ,?is 0 ab\t f\r ,a4,m41 ( ! #bi?4 ,! capta91 suppos+ f ! long abs5ce ( ! two mo/ di/ant boats t a fi% _h be5 /ruck1 direct$ ! c\rse ( ! %ip t[>ds ! place :]e he _h la/ se5 !m1 & ab\t eight ,a4,m4 he got sight ( a boat :i* display$ ! signal = be+ fa/4 ,"s "t aft]w>ds1 he obs]v$ ! o!r boat approa* ! fi%1 a second h>poon /ruck1 & ! usual signal display$4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! fi% dragg$ ! two boats away ) consid]able spe$1 x 0 midday be=e any assi/ance c\ld rea* !m4 ,two m h>poons 7 !n /ruck1 b su* 0 ! vig\r ( ! :ale t1 al?\gh x con/antly dragg$ ?r\gh ! wat] f\r to six boats1 toge!r ) a l5g? ( #a1fjj fa?oms ( l9e :i* x _h drawn out ( ! diff]5t boats1 yet x pursu$ its flight ne>ly z fa/ z a boat c\ld r[ & su* 0 ! t]ror t x manife/$ on ! approa* ( its enemies1 t1 :5ev] a boat pass$ beyond its tail1 x inv>iably div$4 ,all _! endeav\rs to lance x 71 !re=e1 9 va94 ,! crews ( ! loose boats be+ unable to keep pace ) ! fi%1 caught hold ( & moor$ !mselves to ! fa/-boats2 & = "s h\rs aft]w>ds1 all h&s 7 con/ra9$ to sit 9 idle impati5ce1 wait+ = "s relaxation 9 ! spe$ ( ! :ale4 ,its mo/ g5]al c\rse _h hi!rto be5 to w9dw>d1 b a fav\rable *ange tak+ place1 enabl$ ! %ip1 :i* _h previ\sly be5 at a great di/ance1 to jo9 ! boats at eight ,p4,m4 ,!y succe$$ 9 tack+ "o ( ! l9es to ! %ip :i* 0 fa/ to ! fi%1 ) a view ( ret>d+ its flight4 ,!y !n furl$ ! top-gallant sails1 & l[]$ ! top sails2 b aft] support+ ! %ip a few m9utes head to w9d1 ! )] ( ! h>poon upset or twi/$ aside1 & ! in/rum5t 0 dis5gag$ f its grasp4 ,! :ale imm$iately set (f to w9dw>d ) increas$ spe$1 & x requir$ an int]val ( ?ree h\rs be=e ! %ip c\ld aga9 approa* x4 ,ano!r l9e 0 !n tak5 on bo>d1 :i* imm$iately broke4 ,a fif? h>poon _h previ\sly be5 /ruck1 to replace ! "o :i* _h be5 pull$ out1 b ! l9e atta*$ to x 0 soon aft]w>ds cut4 ,!y !n in/itut$ v>i\s s*emes = arre/+ ! spe$ ( ! fi%1 :i* occupi$ _! close att5tion ne>ly two h\rs4 ,b its velocity 0 yet su* t ! ma/]1 :o _h himself proce$$ to ! attack1 0 unable to approa* suffici5tly ne> to /rike a h>poon4 ,aft] a long *ase1 h[ev]1 he succe$$ 9 gett+ hold ( "o ( ! l9es :i* ! fi% dragg$ aft] x1 & 9 fa/5+ ano!r l9e to x4 ,! fi% !n happily turn$ t[>ds ! %ip1 :i* 0 a consid]able di/ance to leew>d4 ,at f\r ,p4,m4 ( ! #cj?1 ?irty-six h\rs aft] ! fi% _h be5 /ruck1 ! %ip aga9 jo9$ ! boats1 :51 by a successful manuvre1 !y secur$ two ( ! fa/ l9es on bo>d4 ,! w9d bl[+ a mod]ately brisk breeze1 ! top-gallant sails 7 tak5 91 ! c\rses haul$ up1 & ! top sails clew$ d[n1 b1 not)/&+ ! resi/ance a %ip ?us situat$ mu/ necess>ily (f]1 %e 0 t[$ by ! fi% directly to w9dw>d ) ! velocity ( at lea/ "o-half to two knots dur+ an h\r & a half2 & !n1 ?\gh ! :ale mu/ h be5 greatly exhau/$1 x beat ! wat] ) its f9s & tail 9 s trem5d\s a way1 t ! sea ar\nd 0 9 a cont9ual foam1 & ! mo/ h>dy ( ! sailors sc>cely d>$ to approa* x4 ,at l5g?1 ab\t eight ,p4,m41 aft] =ty h\rs ( almo/ incessant1 & = ! mo/ "p fruitless ex]tion1 ?is =midable & a/oni%+ animal 0 kill$4 ,! capture & ! fl5s+ occupi$ =ty-eight h\rs4 ,! fi% 0 elev5 feet f\r in*es 9 bone1 7! l5g? ( ! longe/ lam9a ( :alebone17 & its produce fill$ =ty-sev5 butts1 or tw5ty-?ree & a half tun casks1 ) blubb]4 ,i proce$ n[ to enum]ate ! proce$+s ( ! fi%]s aft] a :ale is kill$4 ,"s prelim9>y measures are requisite be=e a :ale c be fl5s$4 ,! fir/ op]ation p]=m$ on a dead :ale is to la% x ) a rope1 pass$ sev]al times ?r\gh two holes pi]c$ ?r\gh ! tail to ! b[ ( ! boat4 ,! m difficult op]ation ( free+ ! :ale f ! entanglem5t ( ! l9e is !n attempt$4 ,z ! :ale1 :5 dead1 always lies on its back or on its side1 ! l9es & h>poons are g5]ally f> "u wat]4 ,:5 !y are se5 pass+ obliquely d[nw>ds1 !y are hook$ ) a grapnel1 pull$ to ! surface1 & cut4 ,b1 :5 !y hang p]p5dicul>1 or :5 !y _c be se51 !y are discov]$ by a process call$ 8sweep+ a fi%40 ,?is is p]=m$ by tak+ a "p ( a :ale-l9e 9 two diff]5t boats1 t5 or fifte5 fa?oms asund]1 & :ile "o boat lies at re/1 support+ ! end ( a l9e1 ! o!r is r[$ r\nd ! fi%1 & ! bight or int]m$iate "p ( ! l9e all[$ to s9k bel[ ! fi% z x proce$s1 until ea* ( ! p>ts held 9 ! two boats are aga9 br\ght toge!r4 ,h5ce1 :5 "o "p ( ! l9e has made a circuit ( ! fi%1 x mu/ evid5tly inclose e o!r l9e or app5dage affix$ to x4 ,?us inclos$1 !y are pull$ up to ! surface ( ! wat]1 & ea* ( !m cut at ! splice ( ! =e-gang]1 leav+ ! h>poon /ick+ 9 ! fi%1 ) its =e-gang] atta*$1 & all[+ ! end ( ! l9e to s9k1 & be haul$ on bo>d ( ! boat f :5ce x 0 )drawn at ! conv5i5ce ( ! crew4 ,:ile ?is is 9 progress1 ! m5 ( o!r boats1 hav+ fir/ la%$ ! tail to a boat1 are employ$ 9 la%+ ! f9s toge!r across ! belly ( ! :ale4 ,on "o occasion ,i 0 myself engag$ 9 ! capture ( a fi%1 ^u :i*1 :5 to appe>ance dead1 ,i leap$1 cut holes 9 ! f9s1 & 0 9 ! act ( 8reev+0 a rope ?r\gh !m to la% !m toge!r1 :5 ! fi% sank b5ea? my feet4 ,z soon z ,i obs]v$ t ! wat] _h ris5 above my knees1 ,i made a spr+ t[>ds a boat1 at ! di/ance ( ?ree or f\r y>ds f me1 & caught hold ( ! gunwale4 ,sc>cely 0 ,i help$ on bo>d1 be=e ! fi% began to move =w>d1 turn f its back ^u its belly1 re>$ its tail al(t1 & began to %ake x ) su* prodigi\s viol5ce1 z to res\nd ?r\gh ! air to ! di/ance ( two or ?ree miles4 ,9 ! mean:ile all ! sailors v prop]ly kept alo(1 & beheld its extraord9>y p[] ) ! greate/ a/oni%m5t4 ,aft] two or ?ree m9utes ( ?is viol5t ex]cise1 x ceas$1 roll$ ^u its side1 & di$4 ,a fi% be+ prop]ly secur$1 is !n 8tak5 9 t[20 t is1 all ! boats =m !mselves 9 a l9e1 by ropes always c>ri$ = ! purpose1 & unite _! ef=ts 9 r[+ t[>ds ! %ip4 ,t[+ a fi% is usually consid]$ a *e]ful ?\gh labori\s op]ation1 & is g5]ally p]=m$ ) great expressions ( joy4 ,a l>ge :ale1 by means ( six boats1 c be t[$ at a rate ( ne>ly a mile p] h\r4 ,! fi% hav+ rea*$ ! %ip1 is tak5 to ! l>bo>d side1 arrang$ & secur$ = fl5s+4 ,= ! p]=mance ( ?is op]ation1 a v>iety ( knives & o!r in/rum5ts are requisite4 ,t[>ds ! /]n ( ! %ip ! head ( ! fi% is direct$1 & ! tail1 :i* is fir/ cut (f1 re/s abrea/ ( ! =e-*a9s2 ! smalle/ or po/]ior "p ( ! :ale's body1 :]e ! tail is unit$1 is call$ ! rump1 & ! extremity or ant]ior "p ( ! head1 ! nose or nose-end4 ,! rump1 !n1 support$ by a tackle1 is drawn =w>d by means ( a /\t rope1 call$ ! rump-rope2 & ! head is drawn 9 an opposite direction1 by means ( ! 8nose-tackle40 ,h5ce ! body ( ! fi% is =cibly ext5d$4 ,! "r-side f91 be+ next ! %ip1 is la%$ upw>ds t[>ds ! gunwale4 ,a b& ( blubb]1 two or ?ree feet 9 wid?1 encircl+ ! fi%'s body1 & ly+ betwe5 ! f9s & ! head1 be+ ! fat ( ! neck1 or :at corresponds 9 o!r animals ) ! neck1 is call$ ! k5t1 because by means ( x ! fi% is turn$ ov]1 or k5t$4 ,n[1 to ! comm5cem5t ( ?is imag9>y b& ( fat1 or k5t1 is fix$ ! l[] extremity ( a comb9ation ( p[]ful blocks1 call$ ! k5t-pur*ase4 ,its upp] extremity is fix$ r\nd ! head ( ! ma9-ma/1 & its fall or rope is appli$ to ! w9dlass1 drawn tight1 & ! upp] surface ( ! fi% rais$ sev]al in*es above ! wat]4 ,! enorm\s weight ( a :ale prev5ts ! possibility ( rais+ x m ?an "o-f\r? or "o-fif? "p out ( ! wat]1 except inde$ :5 x has be5 "s days dead1 9 :i* case x swells1 9 consequ5ce ( air g5]at$ by putrefaction1 until "o-?ird ( its bulk appe>s above ! surface4 ,! fi% !n ly+ belly upw>d1 ext5d$1 & well secur$1 is ready = comm5c+ ! op]ation ( fl5s+4 ,9 ?is /ate a susp5sion ( lab\r is g5]ally all[$1 9 :i* ! crew refre% !mselves & prep>e = ! ensu+ duties4 ,an unhappy circum/ance once occurr$ 9 an int]val ( ?is k9d4 ,at t p]iod ( ! fi%]y1 7=ty or fifty ye>s ago17 :5 a s+le /\t :ale 0 suffici5t to remun]ate ! own]s ( a %ip = ! exp5ses ( ! voyage1 great joy 0 exhibit$ on ! capture ( a :ale by ! fi%]s4 ,!y n only _h a dram ( spirits1 b 7 sometimes provid$ ) "s fav\rite 8mess10 on :i* to regale !mselves be=e !y comm5c$ ! ardu\s task ( fl5s+4 ,at su* a p]iod1 ! crew ( an ,engli% vessel _h captur$ _! fir/ :ale4 ,x 0 tak5 to ! %ip1 plac$ on ! lee-side1 & ?\gh ! w9d blew a /rong breeze1 x 0 fa/5$ only by a small rope atta*$ to ! f94 ,9 ?is /ate ( suppos$ security1 all h&s retir$ to regale !mselves1 ! capta9 himself n except$4 ,! %ip be+ at a di/ance f any ice1 & ! fi% believ$ to be secure1 !y made no great ha/e 9 _! enjoym5t4 ,at l5g?1 ! specksione]1 hav+ sp5t suffici5t "t 9 indulg5ce & equipm5t1 ) an air ( importance & self-confid5ce1 proce$$ on deck1 & naturally turn$ to look on ! :ale4 ,to 8 a/oni%m5t x 0 n !re4 ,9 "s al>m1 he look$ a/]n1 ahead1 on ! o!r side1 b 8 se>* 0 useless2 ! %ip drift+ fa/ _h press$ =cibly ^u ! :ale1 ! rope broke1 ! fi% sank1 & 0 lo/4 ,! mortification ( ?is ev5t may be conceiv$1 b ! t]m9ation ( _! vexation w n easily be imag9$1 :5 x is kn[n t no o!r opportunity ( procur+ a :ale occurr$ dur+ ! voyage4 ,! %ip return$ home clean4 ,! bless+s ( ,div9e ,provid5ce1 ( a temporal & also ( a spiritual k9d1 are be/[$ & cont9u$ 9 union ) ! activity & wat*fulness ( ^? :o receive !m1 & x is a law ( ! e>?ly1 & also ( ! heav5ly treasure1 t 8:osoev] ha?1 to him %all be giv52 & :osoev] ha? n1 f him %all be tak5 ev5 t :i* he seeme? to h40 ,aft] ! :ale is prop]ly secur$1 & ! m5 are suffici5tly refre%$1 ! h>poon]s1 hav+ _! feet arm$ ) 8spurs10 to prev5t !m f slipp+1 desc5d ^u ! fi%4 ,two boats1 ea* ( :i* is "u ! guidance ( "o or two boys1 att5d ^u !m1 & s]ve to hold all _! knives & o!r app>atus4 ,?us provid$1 ! h>poon]s1 direct$ by ! specksione]1 divide ! fat into oblong pieces1 or 8slips10 by means ( 8blubb]-spades0 & 8blubb]-knives20 !n affix+ a 8speck-tackle0 to ea* slip1 progressively flay x (f z x is drawn upw>d4 ,! speck-tackles1 :i* are two or ?ree 9 numb]1 are r5d]$ effective by cap/]ns1 w9*es1 or o!r me*anical p[]s4 ,ea* ( !m consi/s ( a simple comb9ation ( two s+le blocks1 "o ( :i* is securely fix$ 9 a /rong rope1 ext5d$ betwe5 ! ma9-top & ! =e-top1 call$ a guy1 & ! o!r is atta*$ by a /rap to ! blubb] ( ! :ale4 ,! fl5s]s comm5ce ) ! belly & "u-jaw1 be+ ! only "p !n above wat]4 ,! blubb]1 9 pieces ( half a ton to a ton ea*1 is receiv$ ^u deck by ! boat-/e]]s & l9e-manag]s1 ! =m] ) 8/r&-knives0 divide x into portable1 cubical1 or oblong pieces1 conta9+ ne> a solid foot ( fat1 :ile ! latt]1 furni%$ ) 8pick-haaks10 pass x betwe5 decks1 d[n a hole 9 ! ma9-hat*es4 ,x is !n receiv$ by two m5 /yl$ k+s1 :o pack x 9 a receptacle provid$ = x 9 ! hold1 or o!r suitable place1 call$ ! fl5se-gut1 :]e x rema9s until fur!r conv5i5ce4 ,all ! fat be+ tak5 away f ! belly1 & ! "r f9 remov$1 ! fi% is !n turn$ on its side1 by means ( ! k5t1 :i*1 by ! p[] ( ! w9dlass1 readily p]=ms ?is (fice4 ,! upp] surface ( fat is aga9 remov$1 toge!r ) ! left f91 & aft] a second k5t+ "o ( ! 8lips0 is tak5 away1 by :i* ! :ale-bone ( "o side ( ! head1 n[ ly+ ne>ly horizontal1 is expos$4 ,! fi% be+ a little fur!r turn$1 ! :alebone ( ! left side is dislodg$ by ! use ( ! 8bone h&-spikes10 8bone-knives10 & 8bone-spades40 ,f\r in/rum5ts1 :i*1 :5 comb9$1 con/itute :at is call$ ! bone-ge]1 are us$1 ) ! assi/ance ( two speck-tackles1 = tak+ up ! :alebone 9 "o mass4 ,on its arrival on deck1 x is split ) 8bone-w$ges0 & 8junks10 conta9+ f five to t5 blades ea*1 & /[$ away4 ,a fur!r k5t+ br+s ! fi%'s back upw>d1 & ! next exposes ! second side ( bone4 ,z ! fi% is turn$ or k5t$ r\nd1 e "p ( ! blubb] becomes progressively upp]mo/ & is remov$4 ,at l5g?1 :5 ! :ole ( ! blubb]1 :alebone1 & jawbones h be5 tak5 on bo>d1 ! k5t1 :i* n[ appe>s a slip ( p]haps ?irty feet 9 l5g?1 is also sep>at$1 toge!r ) ! rump-rope & nose-tackle1 on :i* ! c>case be+ at lib]ty1 g5]ally s9ks 9 ! wat] & disappe>s4 ,:5 x floats1 h[ev]1 x becomes food = be>s1 %>ks1 & v>i\s k9ds ( birds1 all ( :i* attack x ) ! mo/ voraci\s e>ne/ness4 ,x is kn[n by ! "n ( ! kr5g4 ,:5 %>ks are pres5t1 !y g5]ally take ! lib]ty ( help+ !mselves v b\ntifully dur+ ! progress ( ! fl5s+1 b !y (t5 pay = _! tem]ity ) _! lives4 ,fulm>s pay close att5dance 9 imm5se numb]s4 ,!y seize ! fragm5ts occasionally dis5gag$ by ! knife :ile !y are swimm+ 9 ! wat]1 b mo/ ( ! o!r gulls :o att5d on ! occasion take _! %>e on ! w+4 ,! burgoma/] is decid$ly ! ma/] ( ! fea/4 ,h5ce1 e o!r bird is oblig$ to rel9qui% ! mo/ delici\s morsel :5 ! burgoma/] desc5ds to claim x4 ,be>s seldom approa* s ne> ! %ip z to become p>tak]s ( ! banquet4 ,:5 dispat* is second$ by ability1 ! op]ation ( fl5s+ c be accompli%$ on a fi% af=d+ f tw5ty to ?irty tons ( blubb] 9 ! space ( ?ree or f\r h\rs1 &1 probably1 ! av]age "t ) ,briti% fi%]s b little exce$s f\r h\rs4 ,"s ye>s ago1 ,i 0 witness ( a circum/ance 9 :i* a h>poon] 0 expos$ to ! mo/ imm95t risk ( 8 life1 at ! conclusion ( a fl5s+ process1 by a v curi\s accid5t4 ,?is h>poon] /ood on "o ( ! jaw-bones ( a fi% ) a boat by 8 side4 ,9 ?is situation1 :ile he 0 9 ! act ( cutt+ ! kr5g adrift1 a boy inadv]t5tly /ruck ! po9t ( ! boat-hook1 ) :i* he usually held ! boat1 ?r\gh ! r+ ( ! h>poon]'s spur1 & 9 ! same act seiz$ ! jawbone ( ! fi% ) ! hook ( ! same in/rum5t4 ,be=e ?is 0 discov]$1 ! kr5g 0 set at lib]ty1 & began in/antly to s9k4 ,! h>poon] !n ?rew himself t[>ds ! boat1 b be+ firmly entangl$ by ! foot1 he fell into ! wat]4 ,provid5tially he caught ! gunwale ( ! boat ) 8 h&s1 b1 ov]p[]$ by ! =ce ( ! s9k+ kr5g1 he 0 on ! po9t ( rel9qui%+ 8 grasp :5 "s ( 8 companions got hold ( 8 h&s1 :ile o!rs ?rew a rope r\nd 8 body4 ,! c>case ( ! fi% 0 susp5d$ entirely by ! poor fell['s body1 :i* 01 consequ5tly1 s dreadfully ext5d$ t !re 0 "s dang] ( 8 be+ drawn asund]4 ,b su* 0 8 t]ror ( be+ tak5 "u wat]1 & n1 inde$1 )\t cause1 = he c\ld nev] h ris5 aga91 t1 not)/&+ ! excruciat+ pa9 he suff]$1 he con/antly cri$ out to 8 companions to 8haul away ! rope40 ,he rema9$ 9 t dreadful /ate until means 7 adopt$ = hook+ ! kr5g ) ! grapnel1 & br++ x back to ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,_h he n caught hold ( ! boat z he 0 s9k+ & met ) su* prompt assi/ance1 he mu/ infallibly h p]i%$4 ,next to ! process ( fl5s+ is t ( mak+-(f4 ,:5 ! fl5s-gut is fill$ ) blubb]1 or :51 no fi% be+ se51 a fav\rable opportunity ( leisure is pres5t$1 ! op]ation ( mak+-(f is g5]ally comm5c$4 ,?is consi/s ( free+ ! fat f all extrane\s sub/ances1 especially ! muscul> p>ts & ! sk91 !n cutt+ x into small pieces1 & putt+ x into cask ?r\gh ! bung-holes4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance1 ! %ip mu/ be moor$ to a conv5i5t piece ( ice1 or plac$ 9 an op5 situation1 & ! sails s r$uc$ z to require no fur!r att5tion 9 ! ev5t ( bad wea!r occurr+4 ,! hold ( ! %ip mu/ be cle>$ ( its sup]/ructure ( casks1 until ! 8gr\nd ti]10 or l[e/ /ratum ( casks is expos$1 & ! balla/-wat] mu/ be 8/>t$10 or pump$ out ( all ! casks t are remov$ ^u deck1 z well z out ( ^? on ! gr\nd ti]1 :i* are fir/ prep>$ = ! reception ( ! blubb]4 ,9 8break+ out ! hold10 x is n necess>y to lay op5 m ( ! gr\nd ti] at a "t ?an ?ree or f\r casks ext5d 9 l5g?4 ,:ile ! l9e-manag]s1 toge!r ) ! 8skee-man10 7! (fic] :o has ! direction ( op]ations 9 ! hold17 ! coop]1 & p]haps a few o!rs1 are employ$ 9 break+ out ! hold1 ! re/ ( ! crew on ! deck arrange all ! v>iety ( app>atus us$ = ! prep>ation ( ! blubb] be=e x is put into ! casks4 ,( ?is app>atus1 ! mo/ consid]able "p is ! 8speck-tr\gh10 ) its app5dages4 ,x consi/s ( a k9d ( oblong box or *e/1 ab\t twelve feet 9 l5g?1 "o & ?ree qu>t]s feet 9 bread?1 & "o & a half feet 9 dep?4 ,! speck-tr\gh is fix$ ^u ! deck1 z ne>ly z possible ov] ! place :]e ! casks are to be fill$ 9 ! hold4 ,a squ>e hole made 9 its bottom is plac$ ei!r ov] ! ne>e/ hat*way to ! sc5e ( op]ations1 or ^u a correspond+ hole cut 9 ! deck4 ,! speck-tr\gh is !n secur$1 & its lid turn$ backw>ds into an horizontal position4 ,! surface ( ! lid1 =m+ a level table1 is !n cov]$ ) blocks ( :ale's-tail f end to end4 ,?is sub/ance makes an excell5t *opp+-block1 & pres]ves ! *opp+-knives f injury :5 us$ = divid+ ! blubb] ^u x4 ,into ! squ>e hole 9 ! bottom ( ! speck-tr\gh is fitt$ an iron frame1 to :i* is susp5d$ a canvas tube1 or 8hose10 d5om9at$ a 8lull40 ,! lull is op5 at bo? ends4 ,its diamet] is ab\t a foot1 & its l5g? suffici5t to rea* f ! deck to ! bottom ( ! hold4 ,to ! middle1 or t[>ds ! upp] "p ( ! lull1 is atta*$ a 8pair ( nipp]s10 consi/+ ( two /icks fa/5$ toge!r by a k9d ( h+e at "o end1 & capable ( be+ press$ toge!r at ! o!r4 ,! nipp]s be+ pass$ across ! body ( ! lull1 & _! deta*$ extremities br\ght toge!r1 !y embrace x s closely t no?+ c pass d[nw>d :ile !y rema9 9 ?is position2 b :51 on ! o!r h&1 ! nipp]s are ext5d$1 ! lull =ms a free *annel ( communication betwe5 ! speck-tr\gh & ! hold4 ,ev]y?+ be+ 9 read9ess1 ! blubb]1 z x is n[ ?r[n out ( ! fl5s-gut by ! k+s1 und]goes ! foll[+ sev]al op]ations4 ,x is receiv$ ^u deck by ! 8kr5g]s10 ^: (fice is to remove all ! muscul> p>ts1 toge!r ) su* spongy or fibr\s fat z is kn[n by exp]i5ce to produce v little oil4 ,:5 ^! sub/ances1 :i* g "u ! g5]al d5om9ation ( kr5g1 are includ$ among ! blubb] 9 ! casks1 !y pass ?r\gh a k9d ( f]m5tation1 & g5]ate su* a quantity ( gas z sometimes to bur/ ! conta9+ vessels1 & occasion ! loss ( _! cont5ts4 ,f ! kr5g]s ! blubb] passes to ! h>poon]s4 ,ea* ( ^! (fic]s1 provid$ ) a blubb]-knife1 or a /r&-knife1 places himself by ! side ( ! 8clo%10 fix$ 9 ! deck4 ,an att5dant1 by means ( a pair ( 8h&-hooks10 or a 8pick-haak10 !n m\nts a piece ( blubb] ^u ! spikes ( ! clo%1 & ! h>poon] slices (f ! sk94 ,f ! sk9n]s1 ! blubb] passes into an op5 space1 call$ ! bank1 prep>$ z a depository 9 front ( ! speck-tr\gh1 & x is !n laid ^u ! *opp+-blocks z want$4 ,x n[ falls "u ! h&s ( ! boat-/e]]s1 :o1 arm$ ) *opp+-knives1 are arrang$ 9 a l9e by ! side ( ! *opp+-blocks ) ! speck-tr\gh be=e !m4 ,?us prep>$1 !y divide ! blubb]1 z x is plac$ on _! blocks1 into oblong pieces1 n exce$+ f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 & pu% x into ! speck-tr\gh int5d$ = its reception4 ,& f9ally1 ! blubb] falls "u ! direction ( ! l9e-manag]s1 /ation$ 9 ! hold1 :o receive x into tubs ?r\gh ! lull1 & pass x ) _! h&s into ! casks1 ?r\gh _! bung-holes4 ,:5 a cask is ne>ly fill$1 ! pack+ is complet$ by ! use ( a 8prick]10 "o piece aft] ano!r be+ ?ru/ 9 by ?is in/rum5t until x c conta9 no m4 ,x is !n securely bung$ up4 ,:5 ! gr\nd-ti] casks1 z f> z !y h be5 expos$ are fill$1 ! second-ti] ( casks is /[$ ^u x1 & likewise fill$ ) blubb]1 toge!r ) ! ?ird-ti] casks :5 necess>y4 ,:5 fi% c be _h 9 suffici5cy1 ! hold is fill$ & likewise ! space betwe5 decks4 ,:5 a %ip is defici5t 9 casks1 vacancies adapt$ = ! reception ( ! c>go are fill$ ) blubb] 9 bulk4 ,! op]ation ( mak+ (f 0 9 ! e>ly ages ( ! fi%]y p]=m$ on %ore1 & ev5 s late z ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury1 x 0 cu/om>y = %ips to proce$ into a h>b\r1 & rema9 :ile ?is process 0 go+ on4 ,9 ! ,gre5l& :ale-fi%]y1 ! importance ( a code ( laws 0 at a v e>ly p]iod app>5t4 ,a fi% /ruck by ! p ( two diff]5t %ips became an object ( dispute1 ! fir/ /rik] claim+ ! :ole1 & ! second dem&+ a %>e = 8 assi/ance4 ,/ores sav$ f wreck$ vessels1 & especially ! c>goes ( wrecks1 be+ objects ( mu* mom5t1 7 also liable to occasion disputes 9 a /ill high] degree4 ,h5ce1 ab\t ! ye> #afgg1 ! ,dut* issu$ a code ( regulations1 f\nd$ on equitable pr9ciples1 = ! prev5tion ( qu>rels & litigation among ! fi%]s4 ,z ^! 7 f\nd to be insuffici5t1 ! ,/ates-,g5]al ( ,holl& & ,we/ ,friesl&1 9 ! ye> #afif1 approv$ & confirm$ ! g5]al regulations ) respect to ! sav+ ( ! crews & /ores ( vessels wreck$ 9 ! ice1 ! "r to :ales "u peculi> circum/ances1 & o!r matt]s connect$ ) ! fi%]y4 ,!y consi/$ ( twelve articles1 & e capta91 specksione]1 & (fic] conc]n$ 9 ! fi%]y1 0 oblig$ to subscribe !m4 ,aft] be+ duly ann\nc$1 ^! articles 7 en=c$ by commission]s1 *os5 f among ! pr9cipal ,gre5l& own]s ( ,holl&1 = conduct+ & c>ry+ into effect ?is & o!r matt]s connect$ ) ! prosp]ity & regulation ( ! fi%]y4 ,among ! ,briti% :ale-fi%]s1 x does n appe> t any p>ticul> laws 7 ev] expressly laid d[n = ! adju/+ ( diff]5ces2 yet cu/om has e/abli%$ c]ta9 pr9ciples z con/itut+ ! rule ( "r1 ! legality ( :i* is suffici5tly ackn[l$g$ by _! be+ univ]sally respect$4 ,! fundam5tal articles are two4 ,fir/1 t a fa/ fi%1 or a fi% 9 any way 9 possession1 :e!r alive or dead1 is ! sole & unque/ionable prop]ty ( ! p]sons s ma9ta9+ ! connection or possession2 & secondly1 t a loose fi%1 alive or dead1 is fair game4 ,! fir/ ( ^! regulations c ne$ no modification1 b ! second c only be recomm5d$ = its simplicity & t5d5cy to prev5t litigation1 s9ce circum/ances may1 & d1 sometimes occur1 9 :i* its application is liable to "s objection4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 o!r dep>tm5ts ( human conduct1 x is impossible by any /rict regulations to prev5t all k9ds ( inju/ice4 ,! highe/ code ( human morals enjo9s on m5 :at !y %all be1 z well z :at !y %all d1 & provides = !m ! "o gold5 precept1 8,:atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m40 ,conduct1 :i* x is impossible to puni% by appeal to any human tribunal1 is (t5 mo/ fe>fully 9 violation ( ?is law1 & mu/ await ! decisions ( t day1 :5 ,god %all try e man's "w ( :at sort x is4 ,! foll[+ circum/ance1 :i* occurr$ a good _m ye>s ago1 has a t5d5cy to illu/rate ! exi/+ ,gre5l& laws1 & to set !m 9 a prom95t light4 ,dur+ a /orm ( w9d & sn[1 sev]al %ips 7 beat+ to w9dw>d1 "u easy sail1 along ! edge ( a pack4 ,:5 ! /orm abat$ & ! wea!r cle>$1 ! %ips /e]$ t[>ds ! ice4 ,two ( ! fleet approa*$ x ab\t a mile asund]1 abrea/ ( ea* o!r1 :5 ! crews ( ea* %ip accid5tally got sight ( a dead fi% at a little di/ance1 )9 "s loose ice4 ,ea* %ip n[ made sail to endeav\r to rea* ! fi% be=e ! o!r1 :i* fi%1 be+ loose1 w\ld be ! prize ( ! fir/ t %\ld get possession ( x4 ,nei!r %ip c\ld outsail ! o!r1 b ea* cont9u$ to press =w>d t[>d ! prize4 ,! little advantage "o ( !m _h 9 di/ance1 ! o!r comp5sat$ ) velocity4 ,on ea* b[ ( ! two %ips 0 /ation$ a pr9cipal (fic]1 arm$ ) a h>poon1 9 read9ess to dis*>ge4 ,b x s happ5$ t ! %ips came 9 contact ) ea* o!r1 :5 )9 a few y>ds ( ! fi%1 & 9 consequ5ce ( ! %ock ) :i* _! b[s met1 !y reb\nd$ to a consid]able di/ance4 ,! (fic]s at ! same mom5t dis*>g$ _! h>poons1 b all ( !m fell %ort ( ! fi%4 ,a h>dy fell[1 :o 0 second-mate ( ! leew>d %ip1 imm$iately leap$ ov]bo>d1 & ) great dext]ity swam to ! :ale1 seiz$ x by ! f91 & proclaim$ x 8 prize4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 s swoll51 t he 0 unable to climb ^u x1 b 0 oblig$ to rema9 %iv]+ 9 ! wat] until assi/ance %\ld be s5t4 ,8 capta91 elat$ ) 8 good luck1 =got1 or at lea/ neglect$1 8 brave second-mate1 & be=e he ?\ght ( s5d+ a boat to release him f 8 disagreeable situation1 prep>$ to moor 8 %ip to an adjo9+ piece ( ice4 ,mean:ile1 ! o!r %ip tack$1 & ! ma/] himself /epp$ into a boat1 pu%$ (f1 & r[$ delib]ately t[>ds ! dead fi%4 ,obs]v+ ! trembl+ seaman /ill 9 ! wat]1 hold+ by ! f91 he address$ him )1 8,well1 my lad1 y've got a f9e fi% "h10 to :i*1 aft] a natural reply 9 ! affirmative1 he add$1 8,b don't y f9d x v cold80 8,yes10 repli$ ! %iv]+ sailor1 8,i'm almo/ />v$2 ,i wi% y w\ld all[ me to come into y\r boat until ours arrive40 ,?is fav\r ne$$ no second solicitation2 ! boat approa*$ ! man1 & he 0 assi/$ into x4 ,! fi% be+ aga9 loose & out ( possession1 ! capta9 in/antly /ruck 8 h>poon into x1 hoi/$ 8 flag1 & claim$ 8 prize4 ,mortifi$ & displeas$ z ! o!r ma/] felt at ?is trick1 = s x c]ta9ly 01 he _h nev]!less no r$ress1 b 0 oblig$ to p]mit ! fi% to be tak5 on bo>d ( 8 competitor's %ip1 & to cont5t himself ) abus+ ! mate = 8 want ( discretion1 & ) condemn+ himself = n hav+ m compassion on ! poor fell['s feel+s1 :i* w\ld h prev5t$ ! disagreeable misadv5ture4 ,success 9 ! :ale-fi%]y has be5 v g5]ally suppos$ to dep5d1 n ^u ! ex]cise ( tal5t & indu/ry on ! "p ( ! ma/]s & crews ( ! fi%+-%ips1 b solely ^u ! freaks ( =tune4 ,t ! fi%]y1 h[ev]1 is altoge!r a *a9 ( casualties1 is z false z x is d]ogatory to ! cr$it ( ! p]sons employ$ 9 ! ent]prise4 ,! mo/ skilful1 f adv5titi\s & unavoidable circum/ances1 may occasionally fail1 & ! unskilful may be successful2 b if we m>k ! av]age ( a numb] ( ye>s1 t is1 :]e ! means are equal1 a tol]able e/imate may be =m$ ( ! adv5tur]'s ability1 & 8 fitness = ! und]tak+ 9 :i* he is engag$4 ,! great v>iety ( success1 :i* is obs]v$ to result f ! ex]tions ( ! diff]5t ,gre5l& comm&]s1 :5 ! av]age ( sev]al voyages is tak51 confirm$ ! above position1 & ! circum/ance ( "s ma/]s1 9 :atev] %ip !y may sail1 almo/ always succe$+1 :il/ o!rs1 h[ev] fav\rably circum/anc$1 seldom or ev] procure a :ole c>go1 w>rants ?is conclusion1 t1 mo/ g5]ally1 successful fi%]y dep5ds on ! exp]i5ce1 det]m9$ p]sev]ance1 & p]sonal tal5t ( ! ma/] ( ! vessel1 support$ by a necess>y degree ( skill among ! p compos+ 8 crew4 ,!re are occasions1 h[ev]1 especially 9 ^? seasons :5 ! ,gre5l& ,seas are op51 or 9 "s measure free f ice1 9 :i* p]sonal tal5t becomes ( comp>ative little avail4 ,?is 0 /rik+ly ! case 9 ! ye> #ahag1 & 9 "s degree 9 #ahah4 ,9 ! =m] season1 ! ice lay at a di/ance s remote f ,spitzb]g51 t a space ( ab\t two ?\s& squ>e miles ( ! surface ( ! sea1 :i* is usually cov]$ ) ice1 0 :olly void ( x4 ,:atev] decisions ! judici\s fi%] 0 l$ by exp]i5ce to =m & act ^u prov$ fallaci\s1 & t5d$ only to emb>rass him 9 all 8 proce$+s4 ,! only indication :i* c\ld be ( ! lea/ s]vice to ! fi%] to assi/ him 9 ! *oice ( a situation1 0 ! col\r ( ! sea4 ,9 places :]e ! wat] 0 transp>5t1 & blue1 or gre5i% blue1 x 0 9 va9 to look = :ales1 b 9 a c]ta9 /ream ( cl\dy wat]1 ( a deep olive-gre5 col\r1 all ! :ales :i* 7 se5 ?r\gh\t ! season1 or at lea/ n9e-t5?s ( !m1 occurr$1 & ! *ief "p ( ^? :i* 7 caught 7 f\nd 9 ! same /ream ( wat]4 ,?is k9d ( sea-wat] is ! fav\rite resort ( :ales dur+ ! fi%+ season1 evid5tly because x ab\nds ) v>i\s descriptions ( act9i1 sepi1 m$us1 & cancri1 :i* con/itute ! *ief1 if n ! sole n\ri%m5t ( ! :ale4 ,success 9 ! fi%]y is m c]ta9 9 close ?an 9 op5 seasons1 & has "s dep5d5ce on ! suitable equipm5t ( ! %ips employ$ 9 ! trade1 on a suffici5t app>atus1 & frequ5tly 9 no inconsid]able degree on t valuable prop]ty ( ! %ip call$ fa/-sail+4 ,:5 any op5+ occurs 9 ! ice ( a tempt+ appe>ance1 x frequ5tly happ5s t a numb] ( %ips ent] x toge!r4 ,! fa/e/ sail]s lead ! way1 & (t5 procure a :ale or two or m be=e ! heavy sail+ %ips c p]=m a navigation1 & by ! "t ! latt] accompli% x1 ! run ( fi% is frequ5tly ov]4 ,n a little dep5ds 9 ! fi%]y on ! confid5ce ! sailors h 9 ! skill ( _! capta91 & ! effici5cy ( ! p]sonal tal5ts & ex]tions ( _! (fic]s4 ,if ! (fic]s are g5]ally unsuccessful1 !y are apt to lose confid5ce 9 !m1 & proce$1 ev5 :5 good opportunities occur1 )\t _s to ! attack4 ,! great] _! spirits & confid5ce are1 ! great] is ! probability ( _! success4 ,h5ce1 ! crew ( a %ip :i* has met ) success c g5]ally fi% bett]1 & m advantage\sly "u ! same circum/ances1 ?an ! p ( a clean %ip4 ,= ! regulation ( ! %ip's movem5ts1 = ! *oice ( a situation1 = direction 9 difficulties1 = a /imulus :5 disc\rag$1 = enc\ragem5t :5 we>y1 & = a v>iety ( o!r important matt]s1 ! ma/] alone mu/ be look$ to1 on :om1 inde$1 almo/ e consid]able ef=t ( judgm5t or =e?\ght devolves4 ,i n[ subjo9 a few in/ances ( ! dang]s :i* accompany ! :ale-fi%]y1 mo/ ( :i* pres5t$ !mselves )9 ! sph]e ( my own obs]vation4 ,^? employ$ 9 ! occupation ( kill+ :ales are1 :5 actually engag$1 expos$ to dang] f ?ree s\rces1 namely1 f ! ice1 f ! climate1 & f ! :ales !mselves4 ,( ^!1 ! casualties on ! ice are ! mo/ uncommon1 & ! lea/ fatal2 ^? f ! climate ! mo/ fatal1 b n ! mo/ frequ5t2 & ! :ale itself is ! s\rce ( a great proportion ( ! accid5ts :i* occur4 ,! foll[+ in/ance illu/rates ! dang] f ov]hang+ masses ( ice fall+ on ! boats4 ,! crew ( "o ( ! ,hull :al]s1 hav+ kill$ a fi% by ! side ( an iceb]g 9 ,davis's ,/rait1 ! f9s 7 la%$ toge!r1 & ! tail secur$ to a boat 9 ! usual way1 b by ! ef=ts only ( "o boat's crew1 all ! o!r boats belong+ to ! same %ip be+ engag$ 9 ! capture ( two m :ales1 nei!r ( :i* 7 yet subdu$4 ,?is circum/ance occasion$ "s alt]cation among ! crew ( ! boat1 z to ! propriety ( _! rema9+ by ! dead :ale1 or ( quitt+ x1 & proce$+ 9 an empty boat :i* 0 at h& to ! assi/ance ( _! companions4 ,! latt] measure 0 c>ri$1 b z x 0 deem$ exp$i5t t "o man %\ld rema9 9 ! boat1 to :i* none ( !m w\ld cons5t1 !y 7 "u ! necessity ( ei!r rema9+ 9 idl5ess by ! fi%1 or leav+ ! fi% & ! boat by !mselves4 ,b e "o be+ anxi\s to p>ticipate 9 ! m active ex]cises ( ! fi%]y1 !y at l5g? agre$ unanim\sly to quit ! boat connect$ ) ! dead fi%1 & to proce$ to ! aid ( _! comrades4 ,! arrangem5ts 7 j accompli%$ 9 "t1 = !y _h n r[$ _m fa?oms f ! place be=e a trem5d\s cra% ( ! b]g ensu$1 an imm5se mass ( ice fell ^u ! boat !y _h j quitt$1 & nei!r x nor ! fi% 0 ev] se5 aft]w>ds4 ,ano!r dang] arises f ice :5 boats are inclos$ & beset1 & _! crews prev5t$ f jo9+ _! %ips4 ,on ,june #ag?1 #ahac1 sev]al ,gre5l& fi%+-%ips p5etrat$ ! ice into an entic+ op5+1 9 :i* a numb] ( :ales 7 sport+ 9 fanci$ security4 ,! ,john1 ( ,gre5ock1 ,neptune1 ( ,ab]de51 ,e>l ,p]cy1 ( ,kirkcaldy1 7 imm$iately1 to appe>ance1 successful4 ,! crew ( ! ,john 9 a %ort "t kill$ sev]al fi%2 ! p ( ! ,neptune kill$ "o1 & /ruck a second2 & ! crew ( ! ,e>l ,p]cy /ruck "o also4 ,?+s 7 9 ?is /ate :5 ,i arriv$ 9 ! same situation ) ! ,esk4 ,my h>poon]s1 happily z x prov$1 did n succe$ 9 any measure4 ,! sea 0 z smoo? z ! surface ( a pond1 b ! ice ,i obs]v$ 0 9 a /range /ate ( di/urbance4 ,"s floes1 & "s l>ge pieces1 mov$ ) a velocity ( ?ree to f\r miles p] h\r1 :ile o!r simil> masses 7 at re/4 ,! ,john1 :i*1 on h] fir/ arrival 9 ?is situation1 _h navigat$ an op5 lake "s leagues 9 circumf]5ce1 0 9 ! space ( a few h\rs closely beset4 ,! capta9 ( ! ,neptune1 al>m$ by ! dang] to :i* 8 m5 & boats 7 expos$1 left 8 %ip to ! c>e ( 8 second-mate1 ) elev5 or twelve m51 & proce$$ himself 9 a boat1 mak+ ! fif?1 to _! assi/ance4 ,9 a few m9utes1 ^! five boats1 toge!r ) two belong+ to ! ,e>l ,p]cy1 7 closely fix$ 9 ! ice4 ,! %ips 7 =c$ to a di/ance2 ! ice 9 ! c\rse ( ! foll[+ morn+ spread to ! wid? ( sev5 or eight miles1 & %ortly aft]w>ds ! p 9 ! boats & ^? 9 ! correspond+ %ips lo/ sight ( ea* o!r4 ,my fa!r1 :o at ?is "t comm&$ ! ,john1 _h anticipat$ ! consequ5ces ( ! ice clos+1 & f\nd refuge 9 a cove 9 an adjo9+ field fill$ ) bay-ice1 into :i* he ?ru/ 8 %ip1 & obta9$ %elt] = himself & 8 comrades :o 7 ?us beset4 ,aft] ?ree days1 ! ice slack5$1 & ! ,neptune boats1 toge!r ) ^? belong+ to ! ,e>l ,p]cy1 left ! ,john1 al?\gh nei!r ! sea nor _! %ips 7 visible4 ,9 ?is adv5ture !y prov$ successful4 ,:5 !y _h r[$ _m h\rs to ! s\?-ea/w>d1 !y discov]$ a %ip1 on _! approa* to :i* !y 7 invit$ on bo>d1 & receiv$ "s refre%m5t4 ,aft] ?is1 hav+ receiv$ in=mation ( ! relative situation ( _! %ips1 !y put (f1 & soon aft] _h ! happ9ess ( rega9+ _! respective vessels4 ,?is circum/ance1 :i* 0 ! occasion ( s mu* anxiety1 dang]1 & loss ( "t to ! crews ( ! ,neptune & ,e>l ,p]cy1 prov$ ! contr>y to ! p ( ! ,john1 z !y add$ to h] c>go sev5te5 :ales1 )9 ! space ( five days1 & on ! six?1 ! ice hav+ aga9 slack5$1 !y made _! escape into a place ( safety4 ,! climate ( ! ,pol> regions becomes a s\rce ( dang] to ! :ale-fi%]s :5 boats are sep>at$ f ! %ip to :i* !y belong1 9 foggy wea!r :5 !y are ov]tak5 by a /orm & prev5t$ f jo9+ _! %ip1 & :5 ! p 9 ! boats are long expos$ to inclem5t w9ds4 ,on ! comm5cem5t ( a heavy gale ( w9d1 ,may #aa?1 #ahac1 f\rte5 m5 put (f 9 a boat f ! ,volunte]1 ( ,:itby1 ) ! view ( sett+ an an*or 9 a l>ge piece ( ice1 to :i* x 0 _! int5tion to moor ! %ip4 ,! %ip approa*$2 on a signal be+ made ! sails 7 clew$ up1 & a rope fix$ to ! an*or1 b ! ice %iv]+ ) ! viol5ce ( ! /ra91 :5 ! %ip fell a/]n ! an*or flew out1 & ! %ip w5t adrift4 ,! sails be+ aga9 set1 ! %ip 0 rea*$ to ! ea/w>d1 7w9d at nor?17 ! di/ance ( ab\t two miles1 b 9 attempt+ to we> & return1 ! %ip1 in/ead ( p]=m+ ! evolution1 scudd$ a consid]able di/ance to leew>d1 & 0 !n rea*$ out to sea1 ?us leav+ f\rte5 ( h] crew to a fate mo/ dreadful1 ! fulfilm5t ( :i* seem$ inevitable4 ,! temp]ature ( ! air 0 #ae or #af ( ,fahr5heit1 :5 ^! poor m5 7 left ^u a deta*$ piece ( ice1 )\t food1 )\t %elt] f ! inclem5t /orm1 & depriv$ ( e means ( refuge1 except 9 a s+le boat1 :i*1 on acc\nt ( ! numb] ( m51 & viol5ce ( ! /orm1 0 incapable ( convey+ !m to _! %ip4 ,dea? />$ !m 9 ! face :i*ev] way !y turn$1 & a division 9 op9ion ensu$4 ,"s 7 wi%ful to rema9 by ! ice1 b ! ice c\ld af=d !m no %elt] f ! pi]c+ w9d1 & w\ld probably be soon brok5 to pieces by ! increas+ swell2 o!rs 7 anxi\s to attempt to jo9 _! %ip1 :ile %e 0 yet 9 sight1 b ! =ce ( ! w9d1 ! viol5ce ( ! sea1 & ! smallness ( ! boat 9 comp>ison ( ! numb] ( m5 to be convey$1 7 objections :i* w\ld h appe>$ utt]ly insurm\ntable to any p]sons b m5 9 a /ate ( despair4 ,judg+ t by rema9+ on ! ice dea? 0 b ret>d$ = a few h\rs1 z ! extreme cold mu/ ev5tually b5umb _! faculties1 & invite a sleep :i* w\ld ov]come ! rema9s ( animation1 !y det]m9$ on mak+ ! attempt to r[ to _! %ip4 ,poor creatures6 :at mu/ h be5 _! s5sations at ?is mom5t1 :5 ! sp>k ( hope yet rema9+ 0 s feeble t a premature dea? ev5 to !mselves seem$ inevitable4 ,!y made ! d>+ exp]im5t1 :5 a few m9utes' trial conv9c$ !m t ! attempt 0 utt]ly impracticable4 ,!y !n1 ) long+ eyes1 turn$ _! ef=ts t[>ds recov]+ ! ice !y _h left1 b _! utmo/ ex]tions 7 unavail+4 ,e "o n[ view$ 8 situation z desp]ate1 & anticipat$ z c]ta9 ! fatal ev5t t 0 to put a p]iod to 8 life4 ,h[ great mu/ h be5 _! delight1 & h[ ov]p[]+ _! s5sations1 :51 at ?is mo/ critical juncture1 a %ip appe>$ 9 sight6 ,%e 0 advanc+ directly t[>ds !m2 _! voices 7 ext5d$1 & _! flag display$4 ,b al?\gh x 0 impossible !y %\ld be he>d1 x 0 n impossible !y %\ld be se54 ,_! flag 0 descri$ by ! p on bo>d ! %ip1 _! c\rses 7 s direct$ z to =m ! spe$ie/ union1 & 9 a few m9utes !y f\nd !mselves on ! deck ( ! ,lively1 ( ,:itby1 "u circum/ances ( safety4 ,!y receiv$ f _! t[nsm5 ! w>me/ congratulations1 & :ile ea* individual 0 =w>d 9 contribut+ 8 assi/ance t[>ds ! re/oration ( _! b5umb$ bodies1 ea* ( ! rescu$ appe>$ s5sible t _! n>r[ escape f dea? 0 highly provid5tial4 ,! =be>ance ( ,god is wond]ful4 ,p]haps ^! v m5 a few h\rs be=e 7 impi\sly invok+ _! own de/ruction1 or v5t+ imprecations ^u _! fell[-be+s4 ,true x is1 ! goodness ( ! ,almighty ext5de? ov] all 8 works1 & t :ile 8he delighte? 9 m]cy0 he is 8sl[ to ang]40 ,x is no exagg]ation to affirm1 t e guilty s\l ( man unp>don$ & uncleans$ ?r\gh ! blood ( ! ,m$iator1 is expos$ to a p]il equally port5t\s ) t :i* ?reat5$ ^! fi%]m54 ,god has1 h[ev]1 provid$ an ark ( m]cy1 float+ on ! bill[s ( life's tempe/u\s1 dang]\s ocean1 )9 :i* e s\l may f9d p]fect & p]man5t peace4 ,t ark is ev5 n[ pres5t1 & entrance to x may be in/antly secur$4 ,to delay is to increase ! p]il1 p]haps beyond ! possibility ( future relief4 8,behold1 n[ is ! accept$ "t2 behold1 n[ is ! day ( salvation40 ,read]1 ent] into ?is ark ( m]cy by fai? 9 ! ,"l ,jesus6 ,"o ( ! mo/ calamit\s ev5ts :i* 9 mod]n times has occurr$ 9 ! fi%]y1 0 t :i* happ5$ to ! crew ( ! ,ipswi*1 capta9 ,gordon1 ab\t fifte5 ye>s ago4 ,a :ale 0 /ruck & kill$ by ! ,ipswi*'s p e>ly 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 a season 9 :i* ! wea!r is mo/ unc]ta94 ,a /orm comm5c$1 accompani$ ) sn[1 be=e ! capture 0 complet$1 b nev]!less ! fi% 0 tak5 to ! %ip1 & hav+ %elt] f ! ice x 0 fl5s$4 ,mean:ile1 f\r boats' crews 7 employ$ on a piece ( ice1 9 haul+ 9 ! l9es ( ! fa/-boats1 etc41 dur+ ! p]=mance ( :i* duties ! %ip drift$ out ( sight ( !m4 ,e ef=t 0 !n made by ! capta9 = discov]+ ^! unhappy m51 :o1 be+ above tw5ty 9 numb]1 con/itut$ ne>ly half ( 8 crew4 ,b ! wea!r cont9u+ ?ick & /ormy1 & ! fro/ mo/ int5se1 x is probable t !y all p]i%$ be=e ! conclusion ( ! gale2 at lea/ none ( !m 7 sav$1 nor c ,i le>n t any ( _! bodies 7 ev] f\nd4 ,! rem>kable prop]ty ( oil 9 smoo?+ ! surface ( ! sea :5 consid]ably agitat$1 & ( prev5t+ break]s 9 ! ma9 ocean1 0 sometimes resort$ to by ! anci5t :ale-fi%]s = _! pres]vation1 :5 ov]tak5 by /orms at sea4 ,x 0 n unusual1 ,i believe1 a c5tury ago1 = e :ale-boat to c>ry along ) x a keg ( oil = ?is v purpose2 :i* oil1 be+ sl[ly p\r$ ov]bo>d 9 a /orm1 af=d$ a sort ( def5ce to ! boat z x drift$ to leew>d4 ,! height ( ! waves1 x is true1 is n affect$ by ! action ( ! oil1 b z x int]cepts ! attraction :i* dry air possesses = wat]1 x prev5ts ! imm$iate action ( ! w9d1 quells ! ruffl$ surface ( ! waves1 & 9 a great degree prev5ts ! t5d5cy to break]s1 :i* con/itutes ! pr9cipal dang] 9 a /orm4 ,! mo/ ext5sive s\rce ( dang] to ! :ale-fi%]1 :5 actively engag$ 9 8 occupation1 arises f ! object ( 8 pursuit4 ,! fi%] is liable to receive contusions f o>s =cibly /ruck by ! fi%1 or f direct bl[s f its f9s or tail2 he is liable to accid5ts f gett+ entangl$ by ! l9es1 or f ! boat be+ drawn "u wat] by ! fi% ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! l9es2 & he is 9 dang] ( be+ ?r[n ov]bo>d by ! heel+ or j]k+ ( ! boat1 or m p>ticul>ly f ! boat be+ /ove1 upset1 sunk1 or project$ into ! air1 by ! =ce ( a bl[ f ! :ale4 ,"o ( ! crew ( ! ,john1 ( ,gre5ock1 :o 0 9 a fa/-boat 9 ! fi%]y ( #ahah1 un=tunately slipp$ 8 foot ?r\gh a coil ( l9e 9 ! act ( runn+ out1 :i* drew him =w>d to ! boat's /]n1 & sep>at$ 8 foot by ! ancle4 ,he 0 convey$ by ! fir/ boat to ! %ip1 :]e ! assi/ance ( sev]al surgeons be+ procur$1 ! l[] "p ( ! leg 0 cut (f4 ,aft] ?is1 ! poor fell[1 hav+ receiv$ ! mo/ unremitt+ att5tion f capta9 ,jackson1 ) ! be/ su/5ance & accommodation ! %ip c\ld af=d1 0 re/or$ to heal?1 & 8 w\nd ne>ly heal$ be=e ! conclusion ( ! voyage4 ,x is wor?y ( be+ rem>k$1 t ! capta9 & crew ( ! ,john subscrib$ upw>ds ( #bd = 8 relief1 :i* 0 increas$ by ! own]s ( ! %ip & o!rs1 on arrival1 to ab\t #cg4 ,?is sum 0 plac$ 9 ! 8,provid5t ,bank10 at ,gre5ock1 f :5ce he 0 p]mitt$ to draw x1 aft] ! rate ( #gs4 p] week4 ,a h>poon]1 belong+ to ! ,h5rietta1 ( ,:itby1 :5 engag$ 9 lanc+ a :ale1 into :i* he _h previ\sly /ruck a h>poon1 incauti\sly ca/ a little l9e "u 8 feet t he _h j haul$ into ! boat1 aft] x _h be5 drawn out by ! fi%4 ,a pa9ful /roke ( 8 lance induc$ ! :ale to d>t sudd5ly d[nw>d1 8 l9e began to run out f b5ea? 8 feet1 & 9 an in/ant caught him by a turn r\nd 8 body4 ,he _h b j "t to call out1 8,cle> away ! l9e60--8,oh de>60 :5 he 0 almo/ cut asund]1 dragg$ ov]bo>d1 & dr[n$4 ,! l9e 0 cut at ! mom5t1 b )\t avail4 ,! fi% desc5d$ a consid]able dep? & di$1 f :5ce x 0 drawn to ! surface by ! l9es connect$ ) x1 & secur$4 ,on ! #crd ( ,june1 #ahaa1 a boat f ! %ip ,resolution1 comm&$ at ! "t by myself1 put (f 9 pursuit ( a :ale1 & 0 r[$ ^u its back4 ,at ! mom5t t x 0 h>poon$1 x /ruck ! side ( ! boat a viol5t bl[ ) its tail1 ! %ock ( :i* ?rew ! boat-/e]] to "s di/ance into ! wat]4 ,a repetition ( ! bl[ project$ ! h>poon] & l9e-manag] 9 a simil> way1 & completely dr5*$ ! "p ( ! crew rema9+ 9 ! boat ) ! sprays4 ,"o ( ! m5 rega9$ ! boat1 b1 z ! fi% imm$iately sank & drew ! boat away f ! place1 8 two companions 9 mis=tune 7 soon left f> beyond ! rea* ( assi/ance4 ,! h>poon]1 ?\gh a practis$ swimm]1 felt himself s bruis$ & en]vat$ by a bl[ he _h receiv$ on ! *e/1 t he 0 totally incapacitat$ f giv+ ! lea/ support to 8 fell[-suff]]4 ,! %ip be+ happily ne>1 a boat1 :i* _h be5 l[]$ on ! fir/ al>m1 arriv$ to _! succ\r at ! mom5t :5 ! l9e-manag]1 :o 0 unacqua9t$ ) ! art ( swimm+1 0 on ! po9t ( s9k+ to rise no m4 ,bo? ! l9e-manag] & h>poon] 7 pres]v$2 & ! fi%1 aft] a few h\rs' close pursuit1 0 subdu$4 ,:ile ! same %ip navigat$ an op5 lake ( wat] 9 ! #ha nor? lat41 dur+ a ke5 fro/ & /rong nor? w9d1 on ! #bnd ( ,june1 #ahjf1 a :ale appe>$1 & a boat put (f 9 pursuit4 ,on its second visit to ! surface ( ! sea x 0 h>poon$4 ,a convulsive heave ( ! tail :i* succe$$ ! w\nd /ruck ! boat at ! /]n1 &1 by its reaction1 project$ ! boat-/e]] ov]bo>d4 ,z ! l9e 9 a mom5t dragg$ ! boat beyond 8 rea*1 ! crew ?rew "s ( _! o>s t[>ds him = 8 support1 "o ( :i* he happily seiz$4 ,! %ips & boats be+ at a consid]able di/ance1 & ! fa/-boat be+ rapidly drawn away f him1 ! h>poon] cut ! l9e1 ) ! view ( rescu+ him f 8 dang]\s situation4 ,b no soon] 0 ?is act p]=m$ ?an1 to _! extreme mortification1 !y discov]$1 9 consequ5ce ( "s o>s be+ ?r[n t[>ds _! float+ comrades1 & o!rs be+ brok5 or un%ipp$ by ! bl[ f ! fi%1 "o o> only rema9$1 ) :i*1 ow+ to ! =ce ( ! w9d1 !y tri$ 9 va9 to approa* him4 ,a consid]able p]iod elaps$ be=e any boat f ! %ip c\ld af=d him assi/ance1 ?\gh ! m5 /ra9$ e n]ve = ! purpose4 ,at l5g?1 :5 !y rea*$ him1 he 0 f\nd ) 8 arms /ret*$ ov] an o>1 almo/ depriv$ ( s5sation4 ,on 8 arrival at ! %ip he 0 9 a deplorable condition4 ,8 clo!s 7 froz5 l mail1 & 8 hair con/itut$ a helmet ( ice4 ,he 0 imm$iately convey$ into ! cab91 8 clo!s tak5 (f1 8 limbs & body dri$ & well rubb$1 & a cordial adm9i/]$ to him4 ,a dry %irt & /ock+s 7 !n put ^u him1 & he 0 laid 9 ! capta9's b$4 ,aft] a few h\rs' sleep1 he awoke1 & appe>$ consid]ably reliev$4 ,he compla9$ ( a pa9ful s5sation ( cold4 ,he 0 !re=e remov$ to 8 own b]?1 & "o ( 8 messmates ord]$ to lie on ea* side ( him1 :]eby ! dim9i%$ circulation ( ! blood 0 accel]at$1 & ! animal heat re/or$4 ,! %ock on 8 con/itution1 h[ev]1 0 great] ?an 0 anticipat$4 ,he recov]$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few days s z to be able to engage 9 8 ord9>y pursuits1 b _m mon?s elaps$ be=e 8 c\nt5ance exhibit$ its wont$ appe>ance ( heal?4 ,a rem>kable in/ance ( ! p[] :i* ! :ale possesses 9 its tail 0 exhibit$ )9 my own obs]vation1 9 ! ye> #ahjg4 ,on ! #bi? ( ,may1 a :ale 0 h>poon$ by an (fic] belong+ to ! ,resolution4 ,x desc5d$ a consid]able dep?1 & on its reappe>ance evid5c$ an uncommon degree ( irritation4 ,x made su* a display ( its f9s & tail1 t few ( ! crew 7 h>dy en\gh to approa* x4 ,! capta91 7my fa!r17 obs]v+ _! timidity1 call$ a boat1 & himself /ruck ! second h>poon4 ,ano!r boat imm$iately foll[$1 &1 unhappily1 advanc$ too f>4 ,! tail 0 aga9 re>$ into ! air 9 a t]rific attitude4 ,! imp5d+ bl[ 0 evid5t4 ,! h>poon]1 :o 0 directly und]nea?1 leap$ ov]bo>d4 ,at ! next mom5t1 ! ?reat5$ /roke 0 impress$ on ! c5tre ( ! boat1 :i* buri$ x 9 ! wat]4 ,happily no "o 0 injur$4 ,! h>poon]1 :o leap$ ov]bo>d1 escap$ c]ta9 dea? by ! act1 ! tail hav+ /ruck ! v spot on :i* he /ood4 ,! effects ( ! bl[ 7 a/oni%+4 ,! keel 0 brok51 ! gunwales & e plank1 except+ two1 7 cut ?r\gh1 & x 0 evid5t ! boat w\ld h be5 completely divid$ _h n ! tail /ruck directly ^u a coil ( l9es4 ,! boat 0 r5d]$ useless4 ,! ,dut* %ip1 ,gort-,mool51 comm&$ by ,cornelius ,g]>d ,ouwekaas1 ) a c>go ( sev5 fi%1 0 an*or$ 9 ,gre5l&1 9 ! ye> #affj4 ,! capta91 p]ceiv+ a :ale ahead ( 8 %ip1 beckon$ 8 att5dants1 & ?rew himself into a boat4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to approa* ! :ale1 & succe$$ 9 h>poon+ x be=e ! arrival ( ! second boat1 :i* 0 on ! advance4 ,jacques ,vi5kes1 :o _h ! direction ( x1 jo9$ 8 capta9 imm$iately aft]w>ds1 & prep>$ to make a second attack on ! fi% :5 x %\ld rem\nt to ! surface4 ,at ! mom5t ( its asc5sion1 ! boat ( ,vi5kes happ5+ unhappily to be p]p5dicul>ly above x1 0 s sudd5ly & =cibly lift$ up by a /roke ( ! head ( ! :ale1 t x 0 da%$ to pieces be=e ! h>poon] c\ld dis*>ge 8 weapon4 ,vi5kes flew along ) ! pieces ( ! boat1 & fell ^u ! back ( ! animal4 ,?is intrepid seaman1 :o /ill reta9$ 8 weapon 9 8 grasp1 h>poon$ ! :ale on :i* he /ood1 & by means ( ! h>poon & ! l9e1 :i* he nev] ab&on$1 he /eadi$ himself firmly ^u ! fi%1 not)/&+ 8 haz>d\s situation1 & reg>dless ( a consid]able w\nd t he receiv$ 9 8 leg1 9 8 fall along ) ! fragm5ts ( ! boat4 ,all ! ef=ts ( ! o!r boats to approa* ! :ale & deliv] ! h>poon] 7 futile4 ,! capta91 n see+ any o!r me?od ( sav+ 8 companion1 :o 0 9 "s way entangl$ ) ! l9e1 call$ to him to cut x ) 8 knife1 & betake himself to swimm+4 ,vi5kes1 emb>rass$ & disconc]t$ z he 01 tri$ 9 va9 to foll[ ?is c\nsel4 ,8 knife 0 9 ! pocket ( 8 draw]s1 &1 be+ unable to support himself ) "o h&1 he c\ld n get x out4 ,! :ale mean:ile cont9u$ advanc+ along ! surface ( ! wat] ) great rapidity1 b happily nev] attempt$ to dive4 ,:ile 8 comrades despair$ ( 8 life1 ! h>poon by :i* he held at l5g? dis5gag$ itself f ! body ( ! :ale4 ,vi5kes1 be+ !n lib]at$1 did n fail to take advantage ( ?is circum/ance4 ,he ca/ himself into ! sea1 &1 by swimm+1 endeav\r$ to rega9 ! boats :i* cont9u$ ! pursuit ( ! :ale4 ,:5 8 %ipmates p]ceiv$ him /ruggl+ ) ! waves1 !y r$\bl$ _! ex]tions4 ,!y rea*$ him j z 8 /r5g? 0 exhau/$1 & _h ! happ9ess ( rescu+ ?is adv5tur\s h>poon] f 8 p]il\s situation4 ,9 "o ( my e>lie/ voyages to ! :ale-fi%]y1 ,i obs]v$ a circum/ance :i* excit$ my highe/ a/oni%m5t4 ,"o ( our h>poon]s _h /ruck a :ale2 x div$1 & all ! assi/+ boats _h collect$ r\nd ! fa/-boat be=e x rose to ! surface4 ,! fir/ boat :i* approa*$ x advanc$ incauti\sly ^u x4 ,x rose ) unexpect$ viol5ce b5ea? ! boat1 & project$ x & all its crew to ! height ( "s y>ds 9 ! air4 ,x fell on its side1 upset1 & ca/ all ! m5 into ! wat]4 ,"o man receiv$ a sev]e bl[ 9 8 fall1 & appe>$ to be dang]\sly injur$2 b1 soon aft] 8 arrival on bo>d ( ! %ip1 he recov]$ f ! effects ( ! accid5t4 ,! re/ ( ! boat's crew escap$ )\t any hurt4 ,capta9 ,lyons1 ( ! ,rai?1 ( ,lei?1 :ile prosecut+ ! :ale-fi%]y on ! ,labrador coa/1 9 ! season ( #ahjb1 discov]$ a l>ge :ale at a %ort di/ance f ! %ip4 ,f\r boats 7 dispat*$ 9 pursuit1 & two ( !m succe$$ 9 approa*+ x s closely toge!r1 t two h>poons 7 /ruck at ! same mom5t4 ,! fi% desc5d$ a few fa?oms 9 ! direction ( ano!r ( ! boats1 :i* 0 on ! advance1 rose accid5tally b5ea? x1 /ruck x ) its head1 & ?rew ! boat1 m51 & app>atus1 ab\t fifte5 feet into ! air4 ,x 0 inv]t$ by ! /roke1 & fell into ! wat] ) its keel upw>ds4 ,all ! p 7 pick$ up alive by ! f\r? boat1 :i* 0 j at h&1 except+ "o man1 :o1 hav+ got entangl$ 9 ! boat1 fell b5ea? x1 & 0 dr[n$4 ,! fi% 0 soon aft]w>ds kill$4 ,:5 a %ip has on bo>d an ample c>go1 or :5 ! fogs set 91 & ! :ales totally disappe>1 s z to put a p]iod to ! fi%]y = t season1 !re rema9s no suffici5t motive to induce fur!r /ay 9 ! c\ntry2 ! c\rse ( ea* %ip is !re=e direct$ imm$iately homew>d4 ,on ! arrival ( a fi%+-%ip at ! port f :5ce %e sail$1 ! mu/]+-(fic] ( ! cu/oms repairs on bo>d1 receives ! manife/ ( ! c>go1 7:i* is a k9d ( s*$ule 9 writ+1 conta9+ all p>ticul>s respect+ x17 ) a true copy !re(1 exam9es into ! id5tity & numb] ( ! crew1 by ! usual =m ( mu/]+1 & places an (fic] or two on bo>d1 to take *>ge ( ! c>go on ! "p ( ! rev5ue4 ,! duty ( ^! (fic]s is to take acc\nt ( e cask or o!r article ( :i* ! c>go consi/s1 z x is dis*>g$ f ! %ip1 & "o ( !m accompanies ! same to its de/9ation1 c>ry+ an acc\nt !re( 9 writ+1 & n quitt+ ! light]1 :]e9 x is conta9$1 until he is reliev$ by ano!r (fic]1 :o is plac$ 9 ! capacity ( l&+-wait] on ! premises :]e ! blubb] is w>eh\s$ or boil$4 ,)9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs aft] ! %ip arrives 9 port1 ! ma/] is requir$1 "u ! p5alty ( "o hundr$ p\nds1 to att5d at ! cu/om-h\se to make 8 report2 t is1 to make affidavit ( ! built1 burd51 & c>go ( ! %ip he comm&s2 on :i* occasion he mu/ deliv] 8 manife/ to ! collector or o!r *ief (fic]1 7if x has n be=e be5 dem&$ ( him17 "u ! p5alty ( two hundr$ p\nds4 ,at ! same "t1 ! log-book mu/ be produc$1 & its cont5ts1 z requir$ by law1 v]ifi$ on ! oa? ( ! ma/] & mate1 & affidavit also made by ! same p]sons ( _! fai?ful deal+s accord+ to ! requirem5ts ( ! law dur+ ! voyage4 ,aft] ^! ?+s are accompli%$1 ! mu/]+-(fic]'s c]tificate & s*$ule ( ! crew1 ! commission]s' lic5se1 & ! affidavits ( ma/] & mate are transmitt$ to ! commission]s1 :o1 be+ satisfi$ ( ! fai?fulness ( all ! proce$+s1 are requir$ to ord] paym5t ( ! b\nty on dem&4 ,previ\s to ! c>go be+ admitt$ to entry1 free f ! duties impos$ on ! produce ( =eign fi%]y1 ! own]1 import]1 or consignee ( ! c>go1 toge!r ) ! ma/] or comm&] ( ! vessel1 mu/ sev]ally make oa?1 ea* to ! be/ ( 8 k & belief1 t ! said c>go 0 ! produce ( fi%1 etc41 actually caught by ! crew ( a ,briti%-built vessel1 :olly own$ by h] ,maje/y's subjects1 usually resid+ 9 ,great ,brita91 etc41 regi/]$ & navigat$ accord+ to law4 ,! import] or consignee ( any goods import$ into ,brita9 is requir$1 )9 tw5ty days aft] ! ma/] %\ld h made 8 report1 "u c]ta9 p5alties1 to make a due entry ) ! collector or o!r *ief (fic] ( ! cu/oms1 at ! port :]e ! %ip %all arrive1 ( all ! goods by him import$ !re91 & pay ! full duties !reon4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,davis',s ,,/rait ,,:ale-,,fi%]y1 ,,) ,,/atem5ts ,,( ,,exp5ses ,,& ,,pr(its ,,( ,a ,,fi%+-,,%ip4 ,%ips int5d$ = ,davis's ,/rait commonly put to sea a little e>li] ?an ! ,gre5l& %ips4 ,"s ye>s ago1 !y 7 9 ! habit ( sail+ 9 ! latt] "p ( ,febru>y1 b at pres5t !y seldom leave _! ports be=e ! beg9n+ or middle ( ,m>*4 ,on _! passage outw>d1 ! ,davis's ,/rait fi%]s usually t\* at ,orkney or ,%etl&1 = ! purpose ( procur+ m51 & su* trifl+ /ores z are furni%$ at a *eap rate 9 ^! isl&s1 toge!r ) a view ( trimm+ & prep>+ _! vessels = accompli%+ ! passage across ! ,atlantic4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! frequ5t /orms & high seas :i* prevail 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 ! passage across ! ,atlantic is (t5 att5d$ ) difficulty4 ,! :al]s are con/antly liable to meet ) iceb]gs1 aft] pass+ ! m]idian ( ,cape ,f>ewell1 up to _! arrival at ! face ( ! ice connect$ ) ! %ore ( ,labrador4 ,9 ! night1 or 9 ?ick wea!r1 !y are p>ticul>ly haz>d\s1 & especially 9 /orms4 ,9 mod]ate w9ds1 inde$1 su* an intimation ( _! proximity is to be obta9$1 ei!r f _! natural effulg5ce 9 "s /ates ( ! atmosph]e1 or f _! int5se blackness 9 o!rs1 t !y c be g5]ally avoid$4 ,b 9 /orms1 :5 ! %ip ceases to be "u comm&1 !y become "o ( ! mo/ appall+ dang]s :i* c be pres5t$ to ! navigator4 ,two mo/ fatal %ipwrecks occurr$ 9 ! ,davis's ,/rait fleets2 ! ,royali/1 capta9 ,edmonds1 & ! ,london1 capta9 ,mat!ws1 7 lo/1 ) all h&s2 ! =m] among iceb]gs1 9 #ahad1 & ! latt]1 z x is suppos$1 9 a simil> way1 9 #ahag4 ,capta9 ,b5net1 ( ! ,v5]able1 0 9 company ) ! ,royali/ imm$iately be=e %e 0 wreck$4 ,!y fell 9 ) drift-ice at eight ,a4,m41 ,april ! #ad?1 :5 a heavy gale ( w9d comm5c$1 & cont9u$ twelve h\rs1 aft] :i* ! w9d abat$1 b sudd5ly ve]+ to ! nor?-we/1 a trem5d\s /orm arose1 :i*1 accompani$ ) sleet & sn[1 cont9u$ )\t int]mission dur+ tw5ty h\rs4 ,be=e d>k ( ! #ae?1 7nautical day17 capta9 ,b5net saw sev]al iceb]gs1 at :i* "t he believ$ ! ,royali/ 0 ly+ to w9dw>d ( an ext5sive *a9 ( ^! isl&s ( ice1 among :i* %e 0 wreck$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! same night4 ,! crew probably p]i%$ imm$iately1 z ! sea 0 uncommonly high4 ,9 ! case bo? ( ! ,royali/ & ! ,london subscriptions 7 g5]\sly op5$ at ,hull1 by ! own]s ( ! :al]s1 = ! relief ( ! b]eav$ relatives ( ! crew4 ,! fi%]y on ! coa/ ( ,labrador comm5ces occasionally 9 ! mon? ( ,m>*4 ,on ?is /ation1 :i* is inhabit$ by a l>ge description ( :ales1 "s fi%]s h p]sev]$ altoge!r1 & h sometimes procur$ great c>goes4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a dang]\s fi%]y4 ,! nights be+ long & d>k on _! fir/ arrival1 !y are oblig$ to use lant]ns 9 _! boats1 :5 fi% happ5 to be /ruck1 or to rema9 unsubdu$ at close ( day1 = ! purpose ( keep+ ! %ips & boats toge!r2 on :i* occasions ! /ormy wea!r t frequ5tly occurs at ?is season exposes !m to cont9u$ dang]4 ,^? :o prosecute ! nor!rn fi%]y1 aft] mak+ ! ice at ! 8s\?-we/10 z ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,labrador coa/ is usually d5om9at$1 proce$ almo/ imm$iately up ,davis's ,/rait t[>ds ,baff9's ,bay4 ,if 9 ! mon? ( ,april or beg9n+ ( ,may !y comm5ce ?is navigation1 & sail along ! edge ( ! we/]n ice to ! nor?w>d1 !y (t5 f9d x jo9+ ! ice connect$ ) ! we/ coa/ ( ,gre5l&1 9 ! latitude #ff or #fg1 & meet ) a consid]able b>ri] ( x 9 #fh1 imm$iately beyond :i*1 a few leagues f l&1 is a good fi%+-/ation4 ,z ! ice op5s to ! nor?w>d1 ! :ales retreat 9 t direction1 & ! fi%]s foll[ z promptly z possible4 ,! :al]s (t5 rea* ,disko e>ly 9 ,may1 b x is g5]ally ! latt] end ( ?is mon?1 or ! beg9n+ ( ,june1 be=e !y c pass ! second b>ri] ( ice1 ly+ ab\t ,h>e ,isl&1 9 ! #ga/ degree ( latitude1 & ent] ! nor!rn inlets frequ5t$ by ! :ales4 ,! ?ree inlets call$ ! ,s\?-ea/ ,bay1 ,jacob's ,bight1 & ! ,nor?-ea/ ,bay1 7 mo/ productive fi%+-/ations "s ye>s ago1 b ( late !y h af=d$ b few :ales4 ,f h5ce1 if no fi% are f\nd1 ! :al]s proce$ to ! we/]n "p ( ! /rait1 t[>ds ,cumb]l& ,isl&1 or p]sev]e along ! ea/ side ( ,davis's ,/rait t[>ds ,baff9's ,bay1 to ! ea/]n p>ts ( :i* ! fi% appe> to retreat z ! season advances1 & z ! ice cle>s away f ! nor!rn & ea/]n %ores4 ,9 ,baff9's ,bay1 & 9 ! inlets ( ,we/ ,gre5l&1 ! fi%]y is conduct$ "u ! mo/ fav\rable circum/ances4 ,! wat] be+ %all[ 9 _m situations1 ! boats require only a small quantity ( l9e1 & ! wea!r be+ w>m1 ! sailors p]=m _! op]ations1 if n ) pleasure1 at lea/ ) com=t to !mselves4 ,b at ! s\?-we/1 ea* op]ation ( ! fi%]y is p]=m$ "u r unpleasant & ev5 dang]\s circum/ances4 ,d>kness ( night1 exposure to /orms1 & frequ5cy ( swells1 are all unfav\rable to ! fi%]s4 ,! fl5s+ ( a :ale at ! s\?-we/ is usually m tr\blesome & m haz>d\s ?an else:]e1 ow+ to ! preval5t swell1 :i* r>ely altoge!r subsides4 ,davis's ,/rait fi%]s1 )9 ! pres5t c5tury1 aft] mak+ a successful fi%]y at a di/ance f l&1 h be5 9 ! habit ( resort+ to ! bays1 !re moor+ 9 safety1 until ! tr\blesome process ( mak+-(f 0 accompli%$4 ,on ! passage homew>ds1 ! %ips usually /e] d[n ! middle ( ! /rait1 & proce$ suffici5tly f> s\? = avoid+ ! 8,cape-ice10 be=e !y haul up to ! ea/w>d4 ,f !nce1 ! preval5ce ( we/]ly w9ds 9 ! summ] season g5]ally af=ds !m an easy passage across ! ,atlantic4 ,! legislative regulations on ! importation ( ,davis's ,/rait produce are ! same z on c>goes obta9$ 9 ! ,gre5l& fi%]y4 ,among ! ,dut* fi%]s1 we f9d t1 dur+ a p]iod ( a hundr$ & sev5 ye>s1 includ$ betwe5 #affi & #aggh1 ea* %ip 9 a fleet ( a hundr$ & ?irty-two sail1 :i* proce$$ annually to ,gre5l&1 af=d$ to ! own]s1 on an av]age1 a pr(it ( #c1abf flor9s2 & t1 9 a p]iod ( sixty ye>s1 end+ ) #aggh1 a fleet ( fifty-?ree %ips1 :i* sail$ annually to ,davis's ,/rait1 realiz$ to ! own]s a pr(it ( #c1dfi flor9s p] voyage2 ?us exce$+ ! produce ( ! ,gre5l& fi%]y by #cdc flor9s on ea* %ip1 p] voyage1 aft] ample all[ance is made = ! great] l5g? ( ! voyage to ,davis's ,/rait1 toge!r ) ! additional we> & te>4 ,among ! ,briti% fi%]s1 ! advantage seems also to h be5 on ! side ( ,davis's ,/rait1 p>ticul>ly ( late ye>s4 ,b if we d$uct ! value ( sk9s tak5 by ! ,gre5l& fi%]s1 b n e/imat$ 9 _! c>goes1 say #bj to #cj p] %ip1 & ! additional exp5ses ( a ,davis's ,/rait voyage1 occasion$ by ! great] we> & te>1 & ! provisions & wages = a voyage1 long] by "o or two mon?s ?an t to ,gre5l&1 we %all r$uce ! balance 9 fav\r ( ! ,davis's ,/rait fi%]s to a v small sum4 ,dur+ ! f\r ye>s1 end+ ) #ahag1 ! am\nt ( ! c>goes ( ! ,briti% ,gre5l& :ale-fi%+ %ips1 7consi/+ ( ?ree hundr$ & sev5ty-six sail1 repeat$ voyages includ$17 0 #c1ejh :ales1 :i* produc$ #cc1jgj tuns ( oil1 & #a1fhb tons ( :alebone4 ,at ! same "t1 #baj %ips employ$ 9 ! ,davis's ,/rait fi%]y procur$ #a1ebb :ales1 yield+ #ba1dch tuns ( oil1 & #a1jae tons ( :ale-f9s4 ,x seems wor?y ( rem>k1 t ! :ales caught ne> ,spitzb]g5 af=d$ a l>g] proportion ( :alebone1 comp>$ ) ! quantity ( oil1 ?an ! fi% ( ,davis's ,/rait2 ! ,gre5l& fi% yield+ a ton ( f9s = e #ai tuns ( oil1 & ! ,davis's ,/rait fi% a ton ( f9s = e #ba tuns ( oil4 ,x is rem>kable t ?is %\ld h be5 ! case1 :5 we consid] t small fi% af=d less :alebone ?an l>ge fi% 9 proportion to _! produce 9 oil1 & yet ! ,gre5l& fi%1 :i*1 on ! av]age ( f\r ye>s1 7 mu* small] ?an ^? caught 9 ,davis's ,/rait1 h produc$ ! l>ge/ proportion ( :alebone4 ,! :ales tak5 at ! ,gre5l& fi%]y 9 f\r ye>s only av]age #i tuns ( oil ea*1 b ^? caught at ,davis's ,/rait av]age #ad tuns4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 appe> t ! l>ge :ales caught ne> ,spitzb]g5 are mu* /\t] ?an ^? tak5 9 ,davis's ,/rait1 & af=d su* a l>ge proportion ( f9s z m ?an comp5sates = ! defici5cy 9 ! small :ales4 ,! fluctuat+ value ( %ipp+ r5d]s x difficult to give a fair e/imate ( ! exp5ses ( a :ale-%ip4 ,! ,resolution1 ( ,:itby1 burd5 #bai tons1 :5 new1 9 ! ye> #ahjc1 co/ b #g1gia1 includ+ all exp5ses ( /ores & outfit1 premiums ( insurance1 & advanc$ money ( seam52 :ile ! ,esk1 ( #ced tons ( measurem5t1 laun*$ & fitt$ out at ! same port 9 #ahac1 co/ ab\t #ad1jjj4 ,! %ip ,resolution 0 sold 9 eight %>es1 & ! sums subscrib$ by ! own]s & deposit$ 9 ! h&s ( ! manag+ own]s 0 #h1jjj4 ,! balance 9 fav\r ( ! own]s ( ! ,resolution = fifte5 voyages appe>$ to be #ai1dgc4 #ajs4 #b;d41 besides ! value ( ! %ip1 & ! value ( ! outfit = ! sixte5? voyage4 ,if we reckon ^! at #f1ebj1 ! pr(it d]iv$ f #h1jjj1 orig9ally advanc$1 9 addition to ! int]e/ ( ! capital emb>k$1 w am\nt to #bf1jjj1 not)/&+ ! la/ ?ree voyages 7 b indiff]5t1 ( :i* sum #be1bjj has actually be5 divid$4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y to m5tion1 t ! ,resolution1 9 h] fir/ t5 voyages1 procur$ six hundr$ or sev5 hundr$ tuns ( oil above ! av]age ( ! fi%]y dur+ t p]iod1 if n m4 ,! usual exp5ses ( a ,gre5l& voyage1 includ+ outfit1 :5 no c>go is obta9$1 may be /at$ at #b1bjj1 exclusive ( int]e/ ( capital & we> & te>4 ,= e t5 tuns ( oil procur$1 !re w be an additional exp5se ( #hj or #ij = dis*>g+ & boil+ ! c>go1 = oil money & fi% money1 & = o!r extraord9>ies connect$ ) a successful fi%+4 ,?us ! exp5se ( a %ip1 ) a c>go ( two hundr$ tuns ( oil1 w be at lea/ #d1jjj4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,extract+ ,,oil ,,& ,,prep>+ ,,:ale-,,bone1 ,,) ,a ,,description ,,( ,,^! ,,articles1 ,,& ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,! ,,uses ,,to ,,:i* ,,! ,,sev]al ,,products ,,( ,,! ,,:ale-,,fi%]y ,,are ,,appli$4 ,on ! m>g9 ( ! riv]1 wet dock1 canal1 or o!r %eet ( wat]1 communicat+ ) t :]e9 ! :ale-fi%+ %ip dis*>ges h] c>go1 are usually provid$ ! necess>y premises = r$uc+ ! blubb] into oil1 consi/+ commonly ( ! foll[+ articles4 #a4 ,a copp] vessel or boil]1 ?ree to six1 or ev5 t5 or m tuns' capacity1 ( a circul> =m 9 ! horizontal view1 & elliptical 9 ! p]p5dicul> section1 is fix$ at ! elevation ( six to t5 feet above ! gr\nd1 provid$ ) an appropriate furnace1 & cov]$ ) a til$ or slat$ %$4 #b4 ,on ! same1 or on a little l[] level ?an t ( ! copp]1 is fix$ a squ>e or oblong back or cool]1 built ( wood g5]ally1 capable ( conta9+ f t5 to tw5ty tuns ( oil1 or upw>ds4 ,adjo9+ to ?is is ano!r back1 sometimes a ?ird1 & occasionally a f\r? or fif?1 ea* plac$ a little l[] ?an ! "o prec$+ x1 s t ! l[e/ %all /& ) its base ab\t two or ?ree feet above ! level ( ! gr\nd4 ,9 "s v mod]n works1 ! cool]s are all fix$ at ! same elevation4 ,ea* ( ! backs is provid$ ) "o or m /op-cocks on ! mo/ accessible side1 = conv5i5ce 9 draw+ ! oil (f into casks4 #c4 ,altoge!r above ! level ( ! copp]1 & imm$iately adjo9+ x1 on ! side direct$ t[>ds ! riv] or canal1 an oblong wood5 ci/]n1 call$ ! 8/>t+-back10 is usually erect$1 = conta9+ blubb]1 :i* ought to be a vessel ( equal1 or ne>ly equal1 capacity to t ( ! copp]4 ,x is g5]ally provid$ ) a crane1 :i*1 ) a w9*1 or o!r simil> eng9e atta*$1 is s contriv$ z to take casks ei!r f ! quay1 or f a light] by ! side ( ! quay1 & convey !m at once to ! top ( ! />t+-back4 ,ov] ?is vessel is ext5d$ a k9d ( rail+ or 8gauntree10 on :i* ! casks re/ )\t be+ injur$1 & are easily movable4 #d4 ,! />t+-back be+ elevat$ two or ?ree y>ds above ! level ( ! gr\nd1 occasionally admits ( a 8f5k-back10 or depository1 = ! refuse ( ! blubb]1 imm$iately b5ea? x2 :i* f5k-back is sometimes provid$ ) a cl\gh on ! side next ! wat]1 = 8/>t+0 ! f5ks into a b>ge or light] plac$ bel[4 #e4 ,! premises likewise comprise a %$ = ! coop]1 & sometimes a coop]'s1 or ma/]-boil]'s1 dwell+-h\se2 ! inhabitant ( :i* takes ! *>ge ( all ! blubb]1 oil1 :alebone1 & o!r articles deposit$ ar\nd him4 #f4 ,w>eh\ses = conta9+ ! oil aft] x is drawn (f into casks are also us$1 n only = pres]v+ x 9 safe cu/ody1 b = def5d+ ! casks f ! rays ( ! sun1 o!rwise !y are apt to p9e & become leaky1 &1 #g4 ,sometimes 8/eep+-backs0 & app>atus = prep>+ :alebone are compris$ )9 ! same inclosure4 ,! blubb]1 :i* 0 orig9ally 9 ! /ate ( fat1 is f\nd1 on arrival 9 a w>m climate1 to be 9 a great measure resolv$ into oil4 ,! casks1 conta9+ ! blubb]1 are convey$1 by ! me*anical app>atus above m5tion$1 to ! top ( ! />t+-back1 into :i* _! cont5ts are empti$ or />t$ ?r\gh ! bungholes4 ,:5 ! copp] is prop]ly cleans$1 ! cont5ts ( ! />t+-back1 on lift+ a cl\gh at ! extremity1 or turn+ a /op-cock1 fall directly into ! copp]1 "o edge ( :i* is usually plac$ b5ea?4 ,! copp] is fill$ )9 two or ?ree in*es ( ! top1 a little space be+ requisite to admit ( ! expansion ( ! oil :5 heat$2 & !n a brisk fire is appli$ to ! furnace1 & cont9u$ until ! oil beg9s to boil4 ,?is effect usually takes place 9 less ?an two h\rs4 ,_m ( ! fritt]s or f5ks float on ! surface ( ! oil be=e x is heat$1 b aft] x is 8boil$ (f10 ! :ole1 or ne>ly s1 subside to ! bottom4 ,f ! "t ! copp] beg9s to w>m until x is boil$ (f1 or ceases to boil1 its cont5ts mu/ be incessantly /irr$ by means ( a pole1 arm$ ) a k9d ( broad1 blunt *isel1 to prev5t ! f5ks f adh]+ to ! bottom or sides ( ! vessel4 ,:5 once ! cont5ts ( ! copp] boil1 ! fire 9 ! furnace is imm$iately r$uc$1 & %ortly aft]w>ds altoge!r )drawn4 ,"s p]sons all[ ! copp] to boil an h\r1 o!rs dur+ two or ?ree h\rs4 ,! =m] practice is suppos$ to produce f9] & pal] oil1 ! latt] a great] quantity4 ,! same copp] is usually boil$ twice 9 e tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ,sundays except$4 ,aft] ! oil has /ood to cool & subside1 ! 8bail+0 process comm5ces4 ,"o ( ! backs or cool]s hav+ be5 prep>$ = ! reception ( ! oil1 by putt+ into x a quantity ( wat]1 = ! d\ble purpose ( prev5t+ ! heat ( ! oil f w>p+ or r5d+ ! back1 & = receiv+ any impurities :i* x may happ5 to hold 9 susp5sion1 a wood5 sp\t1 ) a l>ge squ>e box-l head1 :i* head is fill$ ) bru%wood or broom1 t x may act z a filt]1 is !n plac$ along f 8! copp]-head0 to ! cool]1 s z to =m a communication betwe5 ! two4 ,! oil 9 ! copp] be+ n[ sep>at$ f ! f5ks1 wat]1 & o!r impurities1 all ( :i* h subsid$ to ! bottom1 is 9 a great measure run (f ?r\gh ! pipe communicat+ ) ! cool]1 & ! rema9d] is c>efully lift$ 9 copp] or t9 ladles1 & p\r$ ^u ! broom 9 ! sp\t1 f :5ce x runs into ! same cool]1 or any o!r cool]1 at ! pleasure ( ! 8boil]s40 ,besides oil & f5ks1 ! blubb] ( ! :ale likewise af=ds a consid]able quantity ( wat]y liquor1 produc$ probably f ! putresc5ce ( ! blood1 on ! surface ( :i* "s ( ! f5ks1 & all ! greasy animal matt]1 call$ foot-je1 or foot+1 float1 & ^u ! top ( ^! ! oil4 ,great c>e !re=e is requisite1 on approa*+ ^! impure sub/ances1 to take ! oil (f by means ( %all[ t9n$ iron or copp] ladles1 call$ 8skimm]s10 )\t di/urb+ ! refuse & mix+ x ) ! oil4 ,!re mu/ always1 h[ev]1 be a small quantity t[>ds ! conclusion1 :i* is a mixture ( oil & foot+2 su* is put into a cask or o!r suitable vessel by itself1 & :5 ! greasy "p has ?or\ghly subsid$1 ! mo/ pure "p is skimm$ (f & becomes f9e oil1 & ! impure is all[$ to accumulate by itself1 9 ano!r vessel1 :]e 9 ! end x af=ds 8br[n-oil40 ,f a ton1 or #beb gallons by measure ( blubb]1 !re g5]ally arises f fifty to sixty gallons ( refuse1 :]e( ! great] "p is a wat]y fluid4 ,! con/ant pres5ce ( ?is fluid1 :i* boils at a mu* l[] temp]ature ?an ! oil1 prev5ts ! oil itself f boil+1 :i* is probably an advantage1 s9ce1 9 ! ev5t ( ! oil be+ boil$1 "s ( ! f9e/ & mo/ inflammable p>ts w\ld fly (f 9 ! =m ( vap\r1 :]eas ! pr9cipal "p ( ! /eam1 :i* n[ escapes1 is produc$ f ! wat]4 ,"s p]sons make a practice ( add+ a quantity ( wat]1 am\nt+ p]haps to half a tun1 to ! cont5ts ( ea* copp]1 ) ! view ( weak5+ or att5uat+ ! viscid impurities conta9$ 9 ! blubb]1 & ?us obta9+ a f9] oil2 o!rs consid] ! quantity ( wat]y fluid already 9 ! blubb]1 z suffici5t = produc+ e ne$ful effect4 ,ea* day1 imm$iately aft] ! copp] is empti$1 & :ile x is yet hot1 ! m5 employ$ 9 ! manufacture ( ! oil1 hav+ _! feet def5d$ by /rong lea!rn or wood5 %oes1 desc5d into x1 & sc\r x out ) s& & wat]1 until !y re/ore ! natural surface ( ! copp] :]ev] x is discol\r$4 ,?is s]ves to pres]ve ! oil f becom+ high-col\r$1 :i* w always be ! case :5 prop] cleanl9ess is n obs]v$4 ,:5 prep>$ & cool$1 ! oil is 9 a m>ketable /ate1 & requires only to be transf]r$ f ! cool]s into casks1 = ! conv5i5ce ( conveyance to any "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,ea* ( ! cool]s1 x has be5 obs]v$1 is furni%$ ) a /op-cock1 b5ea? :i* !re is a plat=m adapt$ = receiv+ ! casks4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! process ( boil+ ea* vessel's c>go manufactur$ on ! premises1 ! backs are completely empti$ ( _! cont5ts4 ,to effect ?is wat] is p\r$ 91 until ! l[] "p ( ! /ratum ( oil rises )9 a few l9es ( ! level ( ! /op-cock1 & p]mits ! greate/ "p ( ! oil to escape4 ,! quantity left am\nts1 p]haps1 to half an in* or an in* 9 dep?2 to recov] ?is oil )\t wat] requires a little address4 ,a deal bo>d1 9 l5g? a little exce$+ ! bread? ( ! cool]1 is introduc$ at "o end1 diagonally1 & plac$1 edge-ways1 9 its cont5ts4 ,! ends ( ! bo>d be+ cov]$ ) flannel1 :5 press$ =cibly aga9/ ! two opposite sides ( ! cool]1 prev5t ! oil f circulat+ pa/4 ,! bo>d is !n advanc$ sl[ly =w>d t[>ds ! "p ( ! back :]e ! /op-cock is plac$1 &1 9 its progress1 all ! oil is collect$ by ! bo>d1 :ile ! wat] has a free circulation b5ea? x4 ,:5 ! oil accumulates to ! dep? ( ! bo>d1 its fur!r motion is susp5d$ until ! oil ?us collect$ is drawn (f4 ,ano!r simil> bo>d is aft]w>ds introduc$1 at ! fur!/ extremity ( ! cool]1 & pass$ =w>d 9 ! same mann]1 :]eby ! little oil :i* escapes ! fir/ is collect$4 ,! remnant is tak5 up by skimm]s4 ,! smell ( oil dur+ its extraction is und\bt$ly disagreeable2 b1 p]haps1 n m s ?an ! vap\r aris+ f any o!r animal sub/ance1 submitt$ to ! action ( heat :5 9 a putrid /ate4 ,x is an errone\s op9ion t a :ale-%ip mu/ always give out ! same unpleasant smell4 ,! fact is1 t ! fat ( ! :ale1 9 its fre% /ate1 has no (f5sive flav\r :atev]1 & nev] becomes disagreeable until x is br\ght into a w>m climate1 & becomes putrid4 ,:ale-oil1 prep>$ by ! me?od j describ$1 is ( a pale honey-yell[ col\r2 b sometimes1 :5 ! blubb] f :i* x is procur$ happ5s to be ( ! r$ k9d1 ! oil appe>s ( a r$di%-br[n col\r4 ,:5 fir/ extract$1 x is commonly ?ick1 b aft] /&+ "s "t a mucilag9\s sub/ance subsides1 & x becomes tol]ably limpid & transp>5t4 ,its smell is some:at (f5sive1 especially :5 x is long kept4 ,x consi/s ( oil1 prop]ly s call$1 a small portion ( sp]maceti1 & a little gelat9e4 ,at ! temp]ature ( #dj ! latt] sub/ances become p>tially concrete1 & make ! oil obscure2 & at ! temp]ature ( #cb r5d] x ?ick ) flaky cry/als4 ,x is sold by ! tun1 ( #beb gallons1 w9e measure4 ,its specific gravity is #jibad4 ,! tun weighs #ag cwt4 #a qr4 #a lb4 #ab oz4 #ad dr4 ,! value ( :ale-oil1 l t ( e o!r simil> article1 is subject to cont9ual v>iations4 ,9 ! ye> #agdd1 oil sold 9 ,engl& = #aj4 #as4 p] tun2 9 #aged1 = #bi2 9 #ahja1 = #ej2 9 #ahjg1 = #ba2 & 9 #ahac1 :5 ! price 0 ! highe/ ev] obta9$1 = #ee or #fj p] tun4 ,! application ( gas1 produc$ by ! di/illation ( coal1 = light+ ! public /reets & build+s1 manufactories1 %ops1 etc41 :i* =m]ly 7 light$ ) oil1 x 0 appreh5d$ w\ld be ru9\s to ! :ale-fi%]y trade1 & c]ta9ly _h a v ?reat5+ appe>ance2 b hi!rto1 ow+ to ! am\nt ( :ale-oil lately import$ hav+ be5 less ?an ! ord9>y quantity1 ?is expect$ effect ( ! employm5t ( gas-lights has n be5 felt4 ,:5 blubb] is boil$ 9 ,gre5l&1 ! oil produc$ f x is mu* bright]1 pal]1 m limpid1 & m inflammable ?an t extract$ 9 ,brita94 ,x is also totally free f any unpleasant flav\r1 & burns )\t smell4 ,h5ce x is evid5t1 t :atev] is disagreeable 9 ! effluvia ( :ale-oil arises f an admixture ( putresc5t sub/ances4 ,^! consi/ ( blood & animal fibre4 ,?is latt] is ! reticulat$ & cellul> fibres ( ! blubb]1 :]e9 ! oil is conf9$1 :i* produces ! f5ks :5 boil$4 ,:5 putrefaction comm5ces1 a small portion ( ! blood conta9$ 9 ! blubb] is probably comb9$ ) ! oil1 & ! animal fibre1 9 consid]able quantity1 is dissolv$ 9 x4 ,^! sub/ances n only occasion ! unpleasant smell common to :ale-oil1 b1 by be+ deposit$ on ! wick ( lamps1 9 burn+1 produce ^u x a k9d ( c9d]1 :i*1 if n occasionally remov$1 causes a great dim9ution 9 ! quantity ( light4 ,a sample ( oil1 :i* ,i extract$ 9 ,gre5l&1 ab\t t5 ye>s ago1 is /ill f9e1 & totally free f rancidity4 ,x has c]ta9ly acquir$ a smell1 b is n m unpleasant ?an t ( old ,flor5ce oil4 ,h5ce1 7 :ale-oil extract$ 9 ,gre5l& be=e ! putrefy+ process comm5ces1 or 7 any me?od devis$ ( free+ x f ! impurities :i* comb9e ) x 9 consequ5ce ( ?is process1 x w\ld become n only m valuable = common purposes1 b w\ld be applicable to almo/ e use to :i* sp]maceti oil is adapt$4 ,9 fact1 x w\ld become a simil> k9d ( article4 ,9 p]=m+ "s exp]im5ts on oil 9 ,gre5l&1 dur+ ! fi%+ season ( #ahah1 ,i adopt$ a process = ref9+ oil extract$ f blubb] be=e ! putrefy+ process comm5c$1 by :i* ,i procur$ a rem>kably f9e oil4 ,x 0 ne>ly col\rless1 beautifully transp>5t1 & v limpid4 ,?is oil reta9s its transp>5cy1 ev5 at a v l[ temp]ature4 ,x is m inflammable ?an sp]maceti oil1 & s pure1 t x w burn long]1 )\t =m+ a cru/ on ! wick ( ! lamp1 ?an any o!r oil ) :i* x has be5 comp>$4 ,besides ! oil produc$ f blubb] by boil+1 ! :al]s di/+ui% su* z oozes f ! jawbones ( ! fi% by ! "n ( jawbone oil2 & inf]ior oils1 :i* are discol\r$1 by ! d5om9ations ( br[n oil & black oil1 or bilge oil4 ,br[n oil is produc$ 9 ! way describ$ 9 ! process ( boil+2 black or bilge oil is t :i* leaks out ( ! casks 9 ! c\rse ( ! voyage1 or runs out ( any blubb] :i* may happ5 to be 9 bulk1 & accumulates 9 ! bottom ( ! %ip4 ,?is oil is always v d>k col\r$1 visc\s1 & possess$ ( little transp>5cy4 ,:alebone1 or :alef9s1 z ! sub/ance is sometimes1 ?\gh incorrectly1 nam$1 is f\nd 9 ! m\? ( ! common ,gre5l& :ale1 to :i* x s]ves z a sub/itute = tee?4 ,x =ms an app>atus mo/ admirably adapt$ z a filt] = sep>at+ ! m9ute animals on :i* ! :ale fe$s f ! sea-wat] 9 :i* !y exi/4 ,! ,lawgiv] ( all ! creatures1 :e!r rational or irrational1 has fitt$ !m ) organization appropriate = ! purposes = :i* !y live1 & has provid$ !m ) all t is ne$ful1 accord+ to _! rank1 = ! happ9ess ( _! lives4 ,! c>e :i* is be/[$ ^u ! animals :o d n recognise ,him is 9 unison ) t m t5d] k9dness :i* he has manife/$ to su* z h a m9d to m$itate on 8 p]fections1 & a he>t :]e) to love him & adore4 ,! :alebone is a sub/ance ( a horny appe>ance & consi/5ce1 extremely flexible & ela/ic1 g5]ally ( a blui% black col\r1 b n unfrequ5tly /rip$ longitud9ally :ite1 & exhibit+ a beautiful play ( col\r on ! surface4 ,int]nally1 x is ( a fibr\s texture1 resembl+ hair1 & ! ext]nal surface consi/s ( a smoo? enamel1 capable ( receiv+ a good poli%4 ,:5 tak5 f ! :ale1 ! :alebone consi/s ( lam91 connect$ by :at is call$ ! gum 9 a p>allel s]ies1 & rang$ along ea* side ( ! m\? ( ! animal4 ,! lam9 are ab\t ?ree hundr$ 9 numb]1 9 ea* side ( ! head4 ,! l5g? ( ! longe/ blade1 :i* occurs ne> ! middle ( ! s]ies1 is ! crit]ion fix$ on by ! fi%]s = designat+ ! size ( ! fi%4 ,its greate/ l5g? is ab\t fifte5 feet4 ,! two sides or s]ies ( ! :alebone are connect$ at ! upp] "p ( ! head or cr[n-bone ( ! fi%1 )9 a few in*es ( ea* o!r1 f :5ce !y hang d[nw>ds1 div]g+ s f> z to inclose ! tongue betwe5 _! extremities2 ! position ( ! blades ) reg>d to ea* o!r resembles a frame ( saws 9 a saw-mill2 &1 tak5 altoge!r1 !y exhibit 9 "s measure ! =m & position ( ! ro( ( a h\se4 ,! small] extremity & int]ior edge ( ea* blade ( :alebone1 or ! edge annex$ to ! tongue1 are cov]$ ) a long fr+e ( hair1 consi/+ ( a simil> k9d ( sub/ance to t :i* con/itutes ! int]ior ( ! bone4 ,:ale-bone is g5]ally br\ght f ,gre5l& 9 ! same /ate z :5 tak5 f ! fi%1 aft] be+ divid$ into pieces1 compris+ t5 or twelve lam9 9 ea*4 ,( late ye>s1 ! price has usually be5 fluctuat+ betwe5 #ej & #aej p] ton4 ,x becomes m valuable z x increases 9 l5g? & ?ickness4 ,9 cleans+ & prep>+ ! :alebone1 ! fir/ op]ation1 if n already done1 consi/s ( depriv+ x ( ! gum4 ,x is !n put into a ci/]n conta9+ wat]1 till ! dirt ^u its surface becomes s(t4 ,:5 ?is effect is suffici5tly produc$1 x is tak5 out piece by piece1 laid on a plank plac$ on ! gr\nd1 :]e ! op]ator /&s1 & scrubb$ or sc\r$ ) s& & wat]1 by means ( a broom or piece ( clo?4 ,x is !n pass$ to ano!r p]son1 :o1 on a plank or b5*1 elevat$ to a conv5i5t height1 scrapes ! root-end1 :]e ! gum 0 atta*$1 until he produces a smoo? surface2 he1 or ano!r workman1 !n applies a knife or a pair ( %e>s to ! edge1 & completely deta*es all ! fr+e ( hair connect$ ) x4 ,ano!r p]son1 :o is g5]ally ! sup]9t5d5t ( ! conc]n1 aft]w>ds receives x1 wa%es x 9 a vessel ( clean wat]1 & removes ) a bit ( wood ! impurities out ( ! cavity ( ! root4 ,?us cleans$1 x is expos$ to ! air & sun1 until ?or\ghly dry1 :5 x is remov$ into a w>eh\se or o!r place ( safety & %elt]4 ,be=e x is (f]$ = sale1 x is usually scrubb$ ) bru%es & hair-clo?1 by :i* ! surface receives a poli%1 & all dirt or du/ adh]+ to x remov$2 &1 f9ally1 x is pack$ 9 portable bundles1 consi/+ ( ab\t "o hundr$ weight ea*4 ,! size-bone1 or su* pieces z measure six feet or upw>ds 9 l5g?1 are kept sep>ate f ! "u size1 ! latt] be+ usually sold at half ! price ( ! =m]4 ,ea* blade be+ t]m9at$ ) a quantity ( hair1 !re is sometimes a difficulty 9 decid+ :e!r "s blades ( :alebone are size or n4 ,ow+ to ! dim9i%$ value ( "u-siz$ bones1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 consequ5ce ( ! capta9 & "s ( ! (fic]s engag$ 9 a fi%+-%ip hav+ a premium on e size fi%1 x becomes a matt] ( "s importance 9 a d\btful case to decide ?is po9t4 ,f a decision :i*1 ,i und]/&1 has be5 made 9 a c\rt ( law1 x is n[ a g5]ally receiv$ rule1 t s mu* ( ! sub/ance t]m9at+ ea* blade z gives rise to two or m hairs is :alebone2 ?\gh 9 fact ! hair itself is actually ! same sub/ance z t ( :i* ! :alebone is compos$4 ,! oil produc$ f ! blubb] ( ! :ale1 9 its mo/ common /ate ( prep>ation1 is us$ = a v>iety ( purposes4 ,x is us$ 9 ! light+ ( ! /reets ( t[ns1 & ! int]ior ( places ( wor%ip1 h\ses1 %ops1 manufactories1 etc42 x is ext5sively employ$ 9 ! manufacture ( s(t soap1 z well z 9 ! prep>+ ( lea!r & co>se wooll5 clo?s2 x is applicable 9 ! manufacture ( co>se v>ni%es & pa9ts1 9 :i*1 :5 duly prep>$1 x af=ds a /r5g? ( body m capable ( resi/+ ! wea!r ?an pa9t mix$ 9 ! usual way ) vegetable oil2 x is also ext5sively us$ = r$uc+ friction 9 v>i\s k9ds ( ma*9]y2 comb9$ ) t>1 x is mu* employ$ 9 %ip-"w1 & 9 ! manufacture ( cordage1 & ei!r simple1 or 9 a /ate ( comb9ation1 x is appli$ to _m o!r useful purposes4 ,"o ( ! mo/ ext5sive applications ( :ale-oil1 t = illum9ation1 has suff]$ a consid]able dim9ution1 9 consequ5ce ( ! appropriation ( gas f coal to ! same purpose4 ,?is discov]y1 brilliant z x is ackn[l$g$ to be1 :i* 9 its fir/ application bore su* a ?reat5+ aspect aga9/ ! usual consumption ( oil1 may be ! means ( br++ ! oil ( ! :ale into m ext5sive use ?an x has at any =m] p]iod be54 ,:ale-oil1 9 ! mo/ inf]ior qualities1 is f\nd to af=d a gas :i*1 9 po9t ( brilliancy1 fre5ess ( smell1 & ease ( manufacture1 is greatly sup]ior to t produc$ f coal4 ,9 places :]e coal is n v *eap1 gas1 x seems1 c be produc$ f oil at ab\t ! same exp5se z coal-gas2 consequ5tly1 ! num]\s advantages ( ! =m] w r5d] x highly pref]able4 ,:ale-oil1 :5 free f ! incombu/ible & contam9at+ animal matt]s :i* are usually dissolv$ 9 x 9 consequ5ce ( putrefaction1 is1 !n1 applicable to a v>iety ( purposes1 9 :i* ! common oil _c conv5i5tly be employ$4 ,ev5 9 its unref9$ /ate1 :ale-oil frequ5tly obta9s an unm]it$ bad "* = burn+1 :5 ! fault lies 9 ^? :o h ! *>ge ( ! lamps 9 :i* x is consum$4 ,want ( prop] cleanl9ess1 ! use ( wicks ( too great diamet]1 & sometimes 9 a damp /ate1 are common errors inimical to ! obta9+ ( a good light4 ,! f5ks1 or ultimate refuse ( ! blubb] ( ! :ale1 =m an excell5t manure1 especially 9 soils defici5t 9 animal matt]4 ,f5ks might be us$1 x is probable1 9 ! manufacture ( ,prussian blue1 & also = ! production ( ammonia4 ,foot+1 :i* is ! f9] deta*$ fragm5ts ( ! f5ks1 n :olly depriv$ ( oil1 may be us$ z a *eap mat]ial 9 ! =mation ( gas4 ,:ale's tail c be conv]t$ into glue1 & is ext5sively us$ 9 ! manufacture ( ?is article1 especially 9 ,holl&4 ,x =ms1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 *opp+-blocks = ! fi%]s4 ,! jawbones1 ) ! skull or cr[n-bone ( ! :ale1 are ! l>ge/ f\nd 9 nature4 ,!y are sometimes met ) ( ! l5g? ( tw5ty-five feet4 ,jawbones are us$ z ! ribs ( %$s1 & 9 ! con/ruction ( ar*es & po/s ( gateways4 ,:alebone1 :5 s(t5$ 9 hot wat]1 or simply by heat+ x be=e a fire1 has ! prop]ty ( reta9+ any %ape :i* may !n be giv5 to x1 provid$ x be secur$ 9 ! requir$ =m until x becomes cold4 ,?is prop]ty1 toge!r ) its great ela/icity & flexibility1 r5d]s x capable ( be+ appli$ to _m useful purposes4 ,! fir/ way 9 :i* x seems to h be5 employ$ 0 9 ! /ays ( ladies4 ,its application to ?is purpose 0 at "o p]iod1 :5 ! quantity import$ 0 small1 s g5]al t x atta9$1 9 ! :olesale way1 ! price ( #gjj p] ton4 ,( late ye>s1 h[ev]1 x has fall5 some:at into disrepute1 "s ladies pref]r+ to support !mselves ) plates ( /eel4 ,!re has be5 = _m ye>s an ext5sive consumption ( ?is article 9 ! manufacture ( umbrellas & p>asols4 ,! :ite enamel 7f\nd 9 "s specim5s ( :alebone7 has be5 fabricat$ into ladies' hats1 & a v>iety ( ornam5tal =ms ( head-dresses2 & ! black enamel is employ$1 9 ! same way z cane1 9 ! con/ruction ( ! seats or backs ( *airs1 gigs1 s(as1 etc4 ,! hair on ! edge ( ! :alebone answ]s e purpose ( bullock's hair 9 /uff+s = *airs1 s(as1 settees1 c>riages1 mattresses1 cu%ions1 etc4 ,an attempt has be5 made to build :ale-boats ( ?is mat]ial1 b ! great alt]ation :i* takes place 9 its dim5sions1 9 diff]5t /ates ( ! atmosph]e1 on acc\nt ( its ready absorption ( moi/ure1 r5d]s x inapplicable4 ,x has be5 us$ ) a mu* bett] effect1 9 ! con/ruction ( portmanteaus1 travell+-trunks1 hygromet]s1 ! ram-rods ( f[l+-pieces1 fi%+-rods1 ! %afts1 spr+s1 & :eels ( c>riages1 & v>i\s o!r articles4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,n>rative ,,( ,,proce$+s ,,on ,,bo>d ,,! ,,%ip ,,esk1 ,,dur+ ,a ,,:ale-,,fi%+ ,,voyage ,,to ,,! ,,coa/ ,,( ,,spitzb]g51 ,,9 ,,! ,,ye> #ahaf2 ,,p>ticul>ly ,,relat+ ,,to ,,! ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,! ,,%ip ,,"u ,,circum/ances ,,( ,,peculi> ,,dang]4 ,! %ip ,esk sail$ f ,:itby on ! #bi? ( ,m>*1 #ahaf4 ,we ent]$ ! frigid conf9es ( ! ,icy ,sea1 & kill$ our fir/ :ale on ! #be? ( ,april4 ,on ! #cj? ( ,april1 we =c$ into ! ice ) a fav\rable w9d1 & aft] pass+ ?r\gh a l>ge body ( x1 ent]$ an ext5sive sea1 su* z usually lies on ! we/]n coa/ ( ,spitzb]g5 at ?is season ( ! ye>1 e>ly on ! morn+ ( ! foll[+ day4 ,! w9d !n bl[+ h>d s\? s\?-ea/1 we kept our rea* to ! ea/w>d until ?ree o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 :5 we unexpect$ly met ) a quantity ( ice1 :i* int]rupt$ our c\rse4 ,we !n w>$ by ! way ( avoid+ x1 b soon f\nd1 ?\gh ! wea!r 0 ?ick ) sn[1 t we 7 completely embay$ 9 a situation t 0 truly t]rific4 ,9 ! c\rse ( f\rte5 voyages1 9 :i* ,i _h be=e visit$ ?is inhospitable c\ntry1 ,i pass$ ?r\gh _m dang]s :]e9 my own life1 toge!r ) ^? ( my companions1 _h be5 ?reat5$2 b ! pres5t case1 :]e our lives seem$ to be at /ake = a l5g? ( "t1 exce$+ twelve h\rs1 f> surpass$ 9 awfulness1 z well z actual haz>d1 any?+ t ,i _h be=e witness$4 ,dang]s :i* occur unexpect$ly & t]m9ate sudd5ly1 ?\gh ( ! mo/ awful description1 appe> l a dream :5 !y are pa/2 b horrors :i* h a long cont9uance1 ?\gh !y 9 "s measure decrease 9 _! effect on ! m9d by a l5g!n$ contemplation ( !m1 yet !y leave an impression on ! memory :i* "t itself _c altoge!r efface4 ,su* 0 ! effect ( ! pres5t sc5e4 ,:il/ ! w9d h[l$ ?r\gh ! rigg+ ) tempe/u\s ro>1 ! sea 0 s m\nta9\s t ! ma/-heads ( "s accompany+ %ips1 )9 ! di/ance ( a qu>t] ( a mile1 7 int]cept$ & r5d]$ invisible by ! swells1 & our %ip frequ5tly roll$ ! lee-boats into ! wat]1 t 7 susp5d$ ) _! keels above ! r\ghtree-rail6 ,at ! same "t1 we 7 rapidly approa*+ a body ( ice1 ! masses ( :i*1 z h>d z rocks1 might be se5 at "o in/ant cov]$ ) foam1 ! next conceal$ f ! sight by ! waves1 & in/antly aft]w>ds re>$ to a prodigi\s height above ! surface ( ! sea4 ,x is ne$less to relate ! means by :i* we attempt$ to keep ! %ip cle> ( ! ?reat5$ dang]1 because ^? means 7 )\t avail4 ,at elev5 ,p4,m4 we 7 close to ! ice1 :5 p]ceiv+ ?r\gh ! mi/ an op5+ a %ort di/ance )91 we direct$ ! drift ( ! %ip t[>ds x4 ,z we approa*$ ! ice1 ! sails 7 fill$1 s t ! fir/ bl[ 0 receiv$ obliquely on ! b[1 :5 ! velocity ( ! %ip 0 mod]ate4 ,9 ?is place ! pieces ( ice 7 happily ( small] dim5sions2 at lea/1 all ! l>g] masses we 7 able to avoid1 s t1 aft] receiv+ a numb] ( %ocks1 we escap$ )\t any p>ticul> accid5t into ! op5+ or slack "p ( ! ice above notic$4 ,?is op5+1 z f> z we c\ld see1 promis$ a safe & p]man5t release4 ,b 9 ?is we 7 griev\sly disappo9t$3 =1 :5 we attempt$ to w>e ! %ip1 :i* soon became necess>y1 %e refus$ to turn r\nd1 not)/&+ e ef=t1 9 a space :i*1 9 ord9>y circum/ances1 w\ld h be5 f> m ?an suffici5t = ! evolution4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is accid5t1 :i* arose p>tly f ! bad trim ( ! %ip1 & p>tly f ! great viol5ce ( ! w9d1 %e fell to leew>d into a close body ( ice1 to :i* we c\ld see no t]m9ation4 ,! ,m>s1 ( ,:itby1 & ano!r vessel1 :i* closely foll[$ u z we p5etrat$ ! ext]ior ( ! ice1 be+ 9 bett] trim ?an ! ,esk1 p]=m$ ! evolution ) ease1 & 7 9 a few m9utes out ( sight4 ,9 ?is dreadful situation1 we lay beat+ aga9/ ! oppos+ ice1 ) t]rible =ce1 d>+ eight successive h\rs1 all :i* "t ,i 0 rock$ at ! top-gallant ma/-head1 direct+ ! managem5t ( ! sails1 to avoid ! l>ge/ masses ( ice1 any "o ( :i* w\ld h p]=at$ ! side ( ! %ip4 ,by ! bless+ ( ,god1 we succe$$ wond]fully2 & at eight ,a4,m41 ! #bnd ( ,may1 ga9$ a small op5+1 :]e we contriv$ to navigate ! %ip until ! w9d subsid$1 & we _h ! opportunity ( =c+ into a m commodi\s place4 ,on exam9+ ! %ip1 we f\nd our only app>5t damage to consi/ 9 ! de/ruction ( mo/ ( our rudd] works1 a few slight bruises on ! sides1 & a cut on ! l[] "p ( ! /]n ( ! %ip4 ,f ?is "t1 to ! #bj? ( ,may1 ! fi%]y 0 g5]ally int]rupt$ by ! =mation ( new ice1 insomu* t dur+ ?is int]val we kill$ b "o :ale1 :ile few ( our neighb\rs succe$$ s well4 ,dur+ ! succe$+ week1 we became s fix$ t we nev] mov$ except occasionally a few y>ds4 ,! next twelve days 7 sp5t 9 mo/ ardu\s lab\r 9 =c+ ! %ip ?r\gh ! ice4 ,at l5g?1 on ! #ab? ( ,june1 we happily escap$1 ?\gh our companions 71 = a %ort "t1 all left beh9d4 ,on ! #bg? ( ,june1 we _h secur$ ?irte5 fi%1 & our quantity ( oil 0 ab\t #abe tuns4 ,?is 0 a l>g] c>go ?an any %ip _h procur$ t we _h yet met )1 except+ only "o4 ,on ! #bh?1 ! ,john1 ( ,gre5ock1 comm&$ by my bro!r-9-law1 ,mr4 ,jackson1 jo9$ u4 ,aft] proce$+ to ! we/w>d1 ! great] "p ( ! #bh?1 we arriv$ at ! bord]s ( a compact body ( field-ice1 consi/+ ( imm5se %eets ( prodigi\s ?ickness4 ,z ,i consid]$ ! situation n fav\rable = fi%+1 ! %ip 0 all[$ to drift to ! ea/w>d all night4 ,9 ! morn+ ( ! #bi?1 ,i f\nd1 h[ev]1 t %e 0 v little remov$ f ! place :]e %e lay :5 ,i w5t to b$4 ,i p]ceiv$ t ! floes1 betwe5 :i* !re _h be5 ext5sive spaces1 7 n[ 9 ! act ( clos+2 & attempt$1 by l[]+ f\r boats1 to t[ ! %ip ?r\gh an op5+ at a %ort di/ance f u4 ,at ! mom5t :5 we 7 ab\t to ent] x1 x clos$4 ,9 attempt+ to get ! %ip into ! safety ( an ind5tation1 :i* appe>$ calculat$ to af=d a secure retreat1 a small piece ( ice came a?w>t h] b[1 /opp$ h] progress1 & %e 0 9 a m9ute aft]w>ds subject$ to a consid]able squeeze4 ,f none1 h[ev]1 ( ! pieces ( ice ar\nd u did we appreh5d any dang]1 p>ticul>ly z ! motion ( ! ice soon abat$4 ,!re 0 a dang]1 h[ev]1 on ! l>bo>d qu>t]1 ( :i* we 7 totally unconsci\s4 ,! piece ( ice t t\*$ ! %ip 9 t "p1 ?\gh ( itself sc>cely six y>ds squ>e1 & m ?an "o y>d above ! wat]1 conceal$ b5ea? ! surface ( ! sea1 at ! dep? ( t5 or twelve feet1 a h>d po9t$ projection ( ice1 :i* press$ aga9/ ! keel1 lift$ ! rudd]1 & caus$ a damage t _h ne>ly occasion$ ! loss ( ! %ip4 ,ab\t an h\r & a half aft] ! accid5t1 ! c>p5t]1 hav+ s\nd$ ! pump1 discov]$ to our great conc]n & amazem5t a dep? ( eight & a half feet wat] 9 ! hold4 ,?is 0 mo/ al>m+2 ) despair pictur$ 9 e face1 ! crew set on ! pumps2 a signal ( di/ress 0 at ! same "t hoi/$1 & a doz5 boats approa*$ u f ! surr\nd+ %ips4 ,9 ! space ( f\r h\rs1 ! wat] _h l[]$ to ne>ly f\r feet1 b "o ( ! pumps becom+ useless1 & bail+ be+ less effectual ?an at fir/1 ! wat] once m resum$ its sup]iority & ga9$ ^u u4 ,some?+1 !re=e1 0 n[ to be done1 to /op1 if possible1 ! influx ( ! wat]4 ,z ! pump+ & bail+ c\ld n possibly be cont9u$ by our own %ip's company1 x 0 necess>y to make use ( "s means to attempt a spe$y rem$y :il/ our assi/ants 7 num]\s4 ,z !re 0 a probability t a bun* ( rope-y>ns1 /raw1 or oakum1 might ent] "s ( ! l>g] leaks1 & ret>d ! influx ( wat]1 if appli$ ne> ! place ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a fo!r+-sail1 7t is1 a sail drawn by means ( ropes at ! f\r corn]s1 b5ea? ! damag$ or leaky "p17 we 9 ! meantime prep>$ a l[] /udd+-sail1 by sew+ bun*es ( ^! mat]ials1 :i*1 toge!r ) %eets ( old ?9 canvas1 :alebone-hair1 & a quantity ( a%es1 fitt$ x well = ! purpose4 ,?us prep>$1 x 0 haul$ b5ea? ! damag$ place1 b n ! lea/ effect 0 yet produc$4 ,we set ab\t unrigg+ ! %ip1 & dis*>g+ ! c>go & /ores1 ^u a flat place ( ! floe1 aga9/ :i* we _h moor$1 ) ! int5tion ( turn+ ! %ip keel upw>d4 ,my own sailors 7 completely worn out1 & mo/ ( our auxili>ies we>i$ & disc\rag$2 "s ( !m ev9c$1 by _! improp] conduct1 _! wi% t ! %ip %\ld be ab&on$4 ,be=e putt+ our plan 9 execution1 we plac$ tw5ty empty casks 9 ! hold1 to act aga9/ a quantity ( iron balla/ :i* 0 9 ! %ip1 caulk$ ! d>k lights1 remov$ all ! dry goods & provisions t w\ld injure ) ! wet1 secur$ all ! hat*es1 skuttles1 companion1 etc41 !n1 erect+ two t5ts on ! ice1 "o = %elt]+ myself1 & ! o!r = ! crew1 we ceas$ pump+1 & p]mitt$ ! %ip to fill4 ,at ?is crisis1 m5 ( :om ,i _h conceiv$ ! highe/ op9ion = firmness & brav]y greatly disappo9t$ my expectations4 ,among ! :ole crew1 inde$1 sc>cely a doz5 spirit$ fell[s 7 to be se54 ,z no %ip c\ld ) propriety v5ture ne> u1 to assi/ 9 turn+ ! ,esk ov]1 on acc\nt ( ! haz>d\s position ( ! ice ar\nd h]1 we _h no o!r means ( attempt+ ?is s+ul> evolution ?an by atta*+ pur*ases to ! ice f ! %ip4 ,ev]y?+ be+ prep>$1 :ile ! wat] fl[$ into ! %ip1 ,i s5t our exhau/$ crew to seek a little re/4 ,= my own "p1 necessity impell$ me to endeav\r to obta9 "s repose4 ,i _h already be5 fifty h\rs )\t re/1 :i* unusual ex]tion1 toge!r ) ! anxiety ( m9d ,i endur$1 caus$ my legs to swell & become s extremely pa9ful1 t ,i c\ld sc>cely walk4 ,spread+1 !re=e1 a mattress ^u a few bo>ds1 laid on ! sn[ )9 "o ( ! t5ts1 not)/&+ ! coldness ( ! situation1 & ! excessive dampness t prevail$ f ! con/ant fog1 ,i enjoy$ a com=table repose ( f\r h\rs1 & arose consid]ably refre%$4 ,imm$iately aft]w>ds1 ab\t ?ree ,p4,m41 on ! #a/ ( ,july1 ,i proce$$ ) all h&s to ! %ip1 :i*1 to our surprise1 we f\nd _h only sunk a little bel[ ! sixte5? m>k ext]nally1 :ile ! wat] b b>ely cov]$ a "p ( 8'twe5 decks )940 ,p]ceiv+ t x 0 n likely to s9k mu* fur!r1 on acc\nt ( ! buoyancy ( ! empty casks1 & ! mat]ials ( :i* ! %ip 0 compos$1 we appli$ all our pur*ases1 b ) ! /r5g? ( #aej m5 we c\ld n heel h] m ?an five or six /akes4 ,:5 ?us c>e5$1 ) ! weight ( two an*ors susp5d$ f ! ma/1 act+ ) ! effect ( p[]ful lev]s on ! %ip1 ,i accompani$ ab\t #abj m5 on bo>d4 ,all ^! be+ arrang$ on ! high side ( ! deck1 ran sudd5ly to ! l[] side1 :5 ! %ip fell s sudd5ly on "o side t we 7 appreh5sive %e 0 ab\t to upset1 b aft] turn+ a little way ! motion ceas$4 ,! tackles on ! ice be+ !n haul$ tight1 ! heel+ position ( ! %ip 0 pres]v$1 until we m\nt$ ! high] "p ( ! deck1 & ran to ! l[] z be=e4 ,at l5g?1 aft] a few repetitions ( ?is manuvre1 no impression :atev] 0 produc$1 & ! plan ( upsett+ ! %ip appe>$ q impracticable4 ,! situation ( ! %ip be+ n[ desp]ate1 !re c\ld be no impropriety 9 attempt+ to remove ! keel & g>bo>d /rake1 :i* prev5t$ ! application ( ! fo!r+1 =1 :atev] might be ! result1 x c\ld sc>cely be = ! worse4 ,^! incumbrances be+ remov$1 ! sail = fo!r+ 0 imm$iately appli$ to ! place1 & a va/ quantity ( fo!r+ mat]ials ?r[n into its cavity1 :5 x 0 fairly und]nea?4 ,ov] ?is sail we spread a =e-sail1 & brac$ ! :ole z tight to ! %ip z ! keel-bolts1 :i* yet rema9$ 9 _! horizontal position1 w\ld admit4 ,! effect 0 z happy z we c\ld possibly h anticipat$4 ,"s "t be=e all ^! prep>ations 7 complet$1 our p1 assi/$ by ! ,john's crew1 :o1 aft] a %ort re/1 _h return$ to u1 put ! ?ree pumps & bail+ tubs 9 motion1 & appli$ _! en]gies ) su* effect t 9 elev5 h\rs ! pumps suck$6 ,9 ?is "t1 a dep? ( ?irte5 feet wat] 0 pump$ out ( ! hold1 besides ! leakage4 ,! ,john's crew on ?is occasion ex]t$ !mselves ) a _s & zeal :i* 7 truly praisewor?y4 ,z ! assi/ance ( c>p5t]s 0 p>ticul>ly ne$$1 we fir$ a gun1 & repeat$ our signal ( di/ress1 :i* br\ght v opportunely two boats1 ) six m5 ea*1 f ! ,prescot1 & ! same numb] f our tri$ fri5d1 ,mr4 ,all51 ( ! ,nor? ,brita94 ,z we likewise procur$ ! c>p5t]s ( ^! %ips1 toge!r ) ^? ( ! ,john1 !y comm5c$ op]ations by cutt+ ?r\gh ! ceil+1 betwe5 two frames ( timb]s directly across ! hold1 at ! di/ance ( ab\t tw5ty-six feet f ! /]n-po/2 a situation :i*1 we 7 assur$1 0 on ! =e "p ( ! leak1 or betwe5 ! leak & ! body ( ! %ip4 ,! timb]s 9 ?is place 7 unhappily f\nd s closely connect$ t we _h to cut away "p ( "o ( ! floors1 t we might come at ! outside plank1 & caulk ! crevices betwe5 x & ! timb]s2 :i* op]ation1 on acc\nt ( ! great dep? ( timb]1 & ! va/ fl[ ( wat] t issu$ at ! ceil+1 0 extremely difficult1 t$i\s1 & disagreeable4 ,mean:ile t we _h good assi/ance1 ,i all[$ our crew f\r h\rs' re/1 half ( !m at a "t1 = :i* purpose "s ( _! b$s 7 remov$ f ! ice to ! %ip4 ,"h1 = ! fir/ "t dur+ f\r days1 !y enjoy$ _! repose2 = on acc\nt ( ! cold & damp t prevail$ :5 !y re/$ on ! ice1 sev]al ( !m1 ,i believe1 nev] slept4 ,"s ( ! ,john's p return+ to u1 sway$ up ! top-ma/1 & rigg$ mo/ ( ! y>ds1 :ile our m5 7 employ$ /[+ ! ma9-hold1 :i*1 by ! float+ ( ! casks1 0 ?r[n into a s+ul> /ate ( disord]4 ,"s ( ! casks 7 f\nd )\t heads1 & all ! blubb] lo/1 & _m 7 f\nd bilg$1 or o!rwise damag$4 ,aft] ! c>p5t]s _h completely cle>$ ! room/ead--t is1 ! space betwe5 any two ribs or frames ( timb]s 9 a %ip--!y drove oakum into x1 along ) an improv$ wooll5 %ea?+ sub/ance2 & occasionally1 :]e ! spaces 7 v l>ge1 pieces ( fat pork4 ,! spaces or crevices betwe5 ! planks ( ! ceil+ & ! timb] be+ !n fill$1 all ! above sub/ances 7 firmly driv5 d[n by means ( p9e w$ges1 & ! spaces betwe5 ea* ( ! w$ges caulk$4 ,?is w\ld h be5 v complete1 _h n ! increas$ fl[ ( ! wat] ov]come ! pumps1 & cov]$ ! ceil+ :]e ! c>p5t]s 7 at "w4 ,!y 7 !re=e oblig$ to w$ge up ! place ) great exp$ition2 & be+ at ! same "t greatly fatigu$1 ! latt] "p ( ! op]ation 0 accompli%$ ) mu* less p]fection ?an ,i c\ld h wi%$4 ,hi!rto calm wea!r1 ) ?ick fog1 hav+ con/antly prevail$1 0 ! occasion ( sev]al %ips rema9+ by u & af=d+ assi/ance1 :i* w\ld o!rwise h left u4 ,b ! wea!r hav+ n[ become cle>1 & a prospect ( prosecut+ ! fi%]y be+ pres5t$1 e %ip des]t$ u1 except ! ,john1 & %e 0 prep>+ to leave u likewise4 ,9 ! /ate ( extreme jeop>dy 9 :i* we 7 /ill plac$1 ! love ( life1 on ! "p ( ! crew1 det]m9$ !m to attempt to quit ! %ip1 & take refuge 9 ! ,john z soon z %e %\ld attempt to leave u4 ,i 0 confid5t1 ?r\gh ! in=mation ,i _h receiv$1 t unless ! assi/ance ( ! ,john 7 secur$1 ! ,esk1 aft] all ! lab\r be/[$ on h]1 & ! progress :i* _h be5 made t[>ds h] pres]vation1 mu/ yet be ab&on$ z a wreck4 ,at l5g?1 ,i yield$ to ! reque/ ( my :ole crew1 & made a proposal to capta9 ,jackson1 :o agre$ on c]ta9 conditions1 involv+ ! surr5d] ( a l>ge proportion ( our c>go1 to /ay by u & assi/ u until our arrival at "s port ( ,%etl&4 ,! orig9al ( ?is contract 0 volunt>ily sign$ by e individual ( bo? %ips' companies4 ,a subsequ5t agreem5t ( a m explicit k9d1 on ! "p ( ma/]s & own]s ( ! ,esk & ! ,john1 0 drawn out & sign$ by myself & ,mr4 ,jackson4 ,^! agreem5ts be+ fully und]/ood & sign$1 ! ,john haul$ alongside ( ! ice1 :i* _h n[ op5$ ne> ! ,esk = ! fir/ "t s9ce ! accid5t1 & took on bo>d ! :ole ( our loose blubb]1 e/imat$ at sev5ty-eight butts & fifty-eight butts1 9 tw5ty-five casks1 toge!r ) half our :alebone1 z agre$4 ,ev]y?+ n[ w5t on fav\rably1 & :il/ our crew & assi/ants 7 9 full & vigor\s employm5t1 ,i retir$ to seek t repose :i* my we>i$ frame /ood greatly 9 ne$ (4 ,on ! #e? ,july1 assi/$ by all h&s f ! ,john1 ! /[+ ( ! hold & ! rigg+ ( ! %ip 7 complet$1 &1 "u a mod]ate breeze ( w9d1 we left ! floe1 b :at 0 our a/oni%m5t & mortification to f9d t ! %ip c\ld n be guid$6 ,! rudd] _h become p]fectly useless1 s t ) ! mo/ appropriate disposition ( ! sails possible1 & ! requisite position ( ! helm1 ! %ip c\ld n be turn$ r\nd1 or div]t$ 9 ! lea/ f ! c\rse 9 :i* ! impetus ( ! w9d on ! sails 0 ! mo/ naturally balanc$4 ,?is 0 an al>m+ disappo9tm5t4 ,h[ev]1 z ! %ip 0 9 su* con/ant dang] ( be+ cru%$ 9 ! situation :]e %e lay1 ! ,john1 ) ! greate/ difficulty imag9able1 t[$ u ?ree or f\r miles to ! ea/w>d1 into a place ( comp>ative safety4 ,"h we rectifi$ our rudd]1 & arrang$ = ! trimm+ ( ! %ip m by ! /]n1 to comp5sate 9 "s degree = ! loss ( ! aft]-keel4 ,:5 ^! matt]s 7 complet$1 on acc\nt ( /rong w9d & ?ick wea!r1 we c\ld n1 )\t imm95t dang]1 attempt to p5etrate ! compact body ( ice :i* at ?is "t b>r$ our escape to ! sea1 & ,i took ! advantage ( ! opportunity to procure a long re/4 ,! att5tion ( ! c>p5t]s 9 caulk+ ! ceil+ ( ! %ip1 toge!r ) ! advantage d]iv$ f ! fo!r+ sails1 _h n[ produc$ an effect s consid]able1 t on ,sunday1 ! #g? ( ,july1 ! orig9al leakage 0 f\nd to be r$uc$ ne>ly f\r-fif?s4 ,dur+ an h\r1 9 :i* we 7 engag$ 9 ,div9e s]vice1 ! pumps 7 all[$ to 8/&20 two & a half feet ( wat]1 :i* 9 ?is int]val fl[$ into ! hold1 0 pump$ out 9 tw5ty m9utes4 ,aft] v>i\s al>ms & c>eful att5tion to ! leakage1 toge!r ) ! unremitt+ dilig5ce ( ! crew 9 ! use ( ! pumps1 we descri$ l& on ! #bcrd ( ,july1 & approa*$ )9 ?ree or f\r miles ( ! coa/ ( ,%etl&4 ,9 ! ev5+1 ! ,john hav+ fulfill$ ! articles ( agreem5t z f> z 0 requir$1 we s5t ! twelve m5 belong+ to h] crew on bo>d1 & aft] receiv+ f !m a supply ( fre% wat]1 !y left u ) ?ree *e]s1 & ! usual display ( col\rs4 ,we 7 n[ left to sail by ourselves2 our progress 0 9 consequ5ce r sl[4 ,at daylight ( ! #bg?1 we 7 rejoic$ ) a sight ( our port4 ,kn[+ ! fl[ ( wat] to be suffici5t = ! %ip1 & !re be+ a probability ( rea*+ ! h>b\r be=e ! tide 0 too mu* fall51 we press$ t[>ds x ) e sail we c\ld set1 & hav+ receiv$ a pilot z we approa*$ ! pi]1 we imm$iately ent]$ ! h>b\r1 & gr\nd$ at half-pa/ five ,a4,m4 9 a place ( safety4 ,?us1 ?r\gh ! peculi> fav\r ( ,god1 by ^: influ5ce our p]sev]ance 0 /imulat$1 & by ^: bless+ our contrivances 7 r5d]$ effectual1 happily t]m9at$ a voyage at once haz>d\s1 disa/r\s1 & int]e/+4 ,m5 ^: lives h be5 expos$ to dang]s s fe>ful & imm95t1 may reasonably be expect$ to be influ5c$ by a vivid s5se ( ! ne>ness ( et]nity1 & to feel ! p[]s ( ! _w to come4 ,x is ! pr]ogative ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 :il/ x prep>es m5 = dea?1 to take away undue appreh5sions ( x2 to furni% consolation ( unspeakable value1 :5 x is pres5t2 & to light up ! di/ant & unkn[n future1 ) ! peace & happ9ess ( ! hope ( et]nal life4 ,to ! rude & c\rage\s m>9]1 z well z to ! inhabitants ( ref9$ & luxuri\s homes1 ,god's message is "o & ! same4 ,x is suitable1 & wor?y ( acceptation1 on sea & on l&1 9 sickness & 9 heal?1 :5 we expect in/ant removal f our pres5t tempor>y dwell+-place1 or look =w>d to ! activities & c>es ( a protract$ life4 ,to e "o ( u ! ,almighty is say+1 ,rep5t1 believe1 & live--promis+ a free & complete p>don ?r\gh ! dea? ( 8 ,son1 & engag+1 to ^? :o welcome & obey 8 message1 t !y %all live "u ! smile ( ,8 c\nt5ance & ! protection ( 8 p[]4 ,intellig5ce relative to ! di/ress$ /ate ( ! %ip1 & ! helplessness ( h] situation1 rea*$ ,:itby ! day be=e u1 &1 9 consequ5ce ( exagg]ations respect+ ! loss ( ! crew1 involv$ e int]e/$ p]son 9 deep di/ress4 ,?r\gh\t ! t[n1 & 9 a great measure ?r\gh\t ! neighb\rhood1 ! ev5t 0 consid]$ z a g5]al calamity4 ,"s ( ! und]writ]s on ! ,esk1 ,i 0 in=m$1 _h (f]$ sixty p] c5t4 = ! reassurance ( ! sums = :i* !y 7 liable1 b su* 0 ! nature ( ! risk1 z asc]ta9$ f ! in=mation ( "s %ips' crews1 by :om we _h be5 assi/$1 t no "o w\ld und]take ! assurance1 ev5 at ?is extraord9>y premium4 ,! he>ty congratulations ,i receiv$ on l&+1 f e acqua9tance1 7 almo/ ov]:elm+1 & ^!1 ) ! enhanc$ ende>m5ts ( my affectionate & enraptur$ wife1 amply repaid = all ! toils & anxieties ( m9d t ,i _h endur$4 ,on ! tide ebb+ out1 ! ,esk 0 left dry1 on :i*1 = ! fir/ "t s9ce ! accid5t1 ! :ole ( ! wat] 0 drawn out ( ! hold by ! pumps4 ,! next tide1 ! %ip 0 remov$ above ! bridge to a place ( p]fect safety1 :]e ! pumps be+ neglect$1 ! wat] 9 ! c\rse ( two tides rose ne>ly z high )9 z )\t4 ,aft] ! c>go 0 dis*>g$1 ! %ip 0 put into dock1 & x 0 f\nd t1 except+ ! loss ( tw5ty-two feet ( keel1 & ! removal ( a piece ( ! />bo>d g>bo>d /rake1 n9e feet 9 l5g?1 ) a portion ( dead-wood br\ght home ^u deck1 no o!r damage ( consequ5ce _h be5 produc$ by ! ice4 ,! :ole exp5se ( repairs did n1 ,i believe1 exce$ #bjj4 ,?\gh ! sacrifice ( ne>ly "o-half ( our c>go 0 a consid]able disappo9tm5t to ! own]s1 :o _h be5 appriz$ ( our success 9 fi%]y1 yet1 :5 comp>$ ) ! salvage1 :i* might h be5 dem&$ _h no contract be5 ent]$ into = ! assi/ance ( ! ,john1 ! sacrifice appe>$ to h be5 a mat]ial b5efit1 hav+ be5 productive ( ! sav+ ( p]haps #b1jjj4 ,! approbation ( my conduct by ! own]s1 ,messrs4 ,fi%burn & ,brodrick1 0 te/ifi$ by _! pres5t+ to me a gratuity ( #ej2 & ! s5se ent]ta9$ by ! ,:itby und]writ]s1 ( ! pres]vation ( ! %ip1 0 pleas+ly manife/$ by a pres5t ( a h&some piece ( plate4 ,i may add1 9 conclusion1 t ! :ole ( my crew1 except+ "o individual1 return$ f ?is adv5tur\s & try+ voyage 9 safety1 & 9 g5]al 9 a good /ate ( heal?4 ,sev]al ( ! m51 inde$1 7 affect$ m or less by ! excessive fatigue1 & by ! pa9ful exposure to cold & damp1 :ile re/+ on ! ice2 b all ( !m 71 9 a great measure1 re/or$ be=e our arrival at home1 except+ "o man2 he1 poor fell[1 be+ ( a weak con/itution1 suff]$ sev]ely f ! inclem5t exposure1 & di$ soon aft] he arriv$ 9 port4 ,,! ,,religi\s ,,tract ,,society3 ,,in/itut$ #agii4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes pg #bf ,*ang$ p]iod aft]3 ?is1 9 #agdi to3 comma pg #bg ,*ang$ equipp$ f ,embd5 to3 ,emd5 pg #dg ,*ang$ misspell+ ( sails becomes neccess>y to3 necess>y pg #fd ,remov$ repeat$ ^w x f3 ,x x be>s ?is pg #gd ,add$ p]iod to ! end (3 mom5t ( dang] pg #ge ,*ang$ comma to p]iod at3 requir+ extreme dispat* pg #gh ,*ang$ rate ( #haf to3 #haf & #gah to3 #gah pg #hj ,add$ p]iod to3 #c1ajd1fdj lbs pg #aae ,*ang$ to prov5t !m to3 prev5t pg #afe ,add$ p]iod to3 n be5 felt pg #ahe ,*ang$ sway$ up ! topma/ to3 top-ma/ ,v>i\s hyph5at$ & non-hyph5at$ words left z writt5