,transcrib]'s ,note ,italic text display$ z3 ,italic ,bold text display$ z3 ,bold ,,! ,,ohio ,naturali/ ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,! ,,biological ,,club ,,( ,,! ,,ohio ,,/ate ,,univ]sity ,,editorial ,,/aff ,,editor-,,9-,,*ief--,,john ,h4 ,,s*affn]1 ,a4 ,m41 ,m4 ,s4 ,,associate ,,editors3 ,zoology--,f4 ,l4 ,,l&acre1 ,b4 ,sc4 ,botany--,f4 ,j4 ,,tyl]1 ,b4 ,sc4 ,geology--,j4 ,a4 ,,b[nock]1 ,d4 ,sc4 ,ar*aeology--,w4 ,c4 ,,mills1 ,b4 ,sc4 ,orni?ology--,r4 ,f4 ,,griggs4 ,,advisory ,,bo>d3 ,,pr(essor ,w4 ,a4 ,,kell]man4 ,ph4 ,d4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,botany4 ,,pr(essor ,,h]b]t ,,osborn1 ,m4 ,sc4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,zoology4 ,,pr(essor ,j4 ,a4 ,,b[nock]1 ,d4 ,sc4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,geology4 ,volume #a4 ,,june1 #aija ,numb] #h ,,columbus1 ,,ohio ,,press ,,( ,,hann ,,adair ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/ ,a j\rnal devot$ m especially to ! natural hi/ory ( ,ohio4 ,! (ficial organ ( ,,! ,,biological ,,club ,,( ,,! ,,ohio ,,/ate ,,univ]sity4 ,publi%$ mon?ly dur+ ! academic ye>1 f ,novemb] to ,june 7#h numb]s74 ,price #ej c5ts p] ye>1 payable 9 advance4 ,to =eign c\ntries1 #ge c5ts4 ,s+le copies #aj c5ts4 ,,john ,h4 ,,s*affn]1 ,editor4 ,f4 ,j4 ,,tyl]1 ,subscriptions4 ,r4 ,f4 ,,griggs1 ,adv]tis+ ,ag5t4 ,address ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/1 ,ohio ,/ate ,univ]sity1 ,,columbus1 ,,ohio4 ,,cont5ts ,a ,/udy 9 ,v>iation on ! ,w+ ( ! ,honey ,bee #aai ,f4 ,l4 ,l&acre ,twelve ,plants ,additional to ! ,ohio ,li/ #aba ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man ,! ,food ,habits ( ,"s ,aphrophora ,l>vae #abb ,e4 ,d4 ,ball ,! ,v]nation ( ,salix #abd ,rob]t ,f4 ,griggs ,ohio ,reptiles 9 ! ,ohio ,/ate ,univ]sity ,zoological ,museum #abf ,max ,morse ,a ,pres]v+ ,box = ,plants #abh ,edo ,claass5 ,ohio ,tumblewe$s #abi ,john ,h4 ,s*affn] ,meet+s ( ! ,biological ,club #abi ,jas4 ,s4 ,h9e1 ,sec4 ,ent]$ at ! ,po/ ,(fice at ,columbus1 ,ohio1 z second class matt]4 ,! ,ohio ,naturali/ ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,! ,,biological ,,club ,,( ,,! ,,ohio ,,/ate ,,univ]sity ,vol4 #a4 ,,june1 #aija ,no4 #h ,a ,,/udy ,,9 ,,v>iation ,,on ,,! ,,w+ ,,( ,,! ,,honey ,,bee4 ,f4 ,l4 ,,l&acre4 ,:ile work+ on ! ,honey ,bee 9 ! laboratory at ! ,univ]sity x 0 obs]v$ t ! numb] ( hooks connect+ ! po/]ior w+ ) ! ant]ior 0 n con/ant4 ,! qu]y at once arose z to ! am\nt ( v>iation !re might be betwe5 diff]5t bees 9 ! same hive & also betwe5 diff]5t hives4 ,out ( ?is grew a some:at practical problem z to :e!r ! increase 9 numb] ( hooks 0 associat$ ) a decrease 9 ! size ( ! w+1 or :e!r ! increase 9 numb] ( hooks also impli$ an increase 9 size ( w+4 ,! w+s ( ! bee are und\bt$ly m effici5t = be+ closely atta*$ to ea* o!r4 ,! life ( ! work]s is s %ort1 be+ only ab\t ?ree weeks1 & _! activity s great t any increase 9 effici5cy1 especially 9 ! organs ( flight1 mu/ h a v direct influ5ce on ! welf>e ( ! :ole sw>m4 ,s f> z ! well be+ ( ! sw>m dep5ds ^u nutritive processes ! effici5cy ( ! hive is equal to ! av]age effici5cy ( ! work]s4 ,n[1 if ! increase 9 numb] ( hooks & ! consequ5t1 firm] atta*m5t ( ! w+s is comp5sat$ = by a small] w+1 !re is mu* less opportunity = ! op]ation ( natural selection on ! individual bees ?an if ! great] numb] ( hooks is always associat$ ) a broad] or long] w+4 ,?is selective process might occur ei!r 9 ! hive or betwe5 hives4 ,if x occurs 9 ! hive x w\ld increase ! effici5cy ( ! hive some:at2 b if x occurs betwe5 hives x f9ally means ! elim9ation ( ! weak] hive & ! consequ5t increas$ effici5cy ( ! species4 ,9 ord] to f9d out ! real conditions1 "o ( ! /ud5ts1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,n4 ,frank1 took tw5ty-five work]s f ea* ( f\r hives & c\nt$ ! numb] ( hooks on ea* w+1 "r & left1 & also measur$ ! wid? ( ! ant]ior & po/]ior w+s on ea* side1 ,! wid? only 0 tak5 on acc\nt ( ! difficulty 9 f9d+ a good po9t at ! base ( ! w+ f :i* to measure ! l5g?4 ,! results are s uni=m t ! wid? probably gives suffici5t data f :i* to draw conclusions4 ,( ! f\r hives /udi$1 numb]s "o & two 7 v weak4 ,numb] ?ree 0 a /rong hive :i* made =ty 7#dj7 p\nds ( extra honey 9 ! summ] ( #aijj4 ,numb] f\r 0 weak] ?an numb] ?ree & made only t5 7#aj7 p\nds ( extra honey4 ,! complete measurem5ts are too long to give 9 detail1 & ! av]ages only w be (f]$ "h4 ,,av]ages ,,( ,,tw5ty-,,five ,,measurem5ts ,,= ,,ea* ,,hive ,,tak5 ,,) ,,an ,,eye-,,piece ,,micromet]1 ,,express$ ,,9 ,,mm4 ,,hive ,,numb] ,,"o4 ---------------------------------------- ------- ,av]age ,numb] ( ,hooks4 ,av]age ,wid? ( ,w+4 ---------------------------------------- ----- ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,ant4 ,pos4 ,ant4 ,pos4 #ba4c #bj4i #d4ba #c4fa #d4bh #c4ee ---------------------------------------- ----- ,,hive ,,numb] ,,two4 ---------------------------------------- ------- ,av]age ,numb] ( ,hooks4 ,av]age ,wid? ( ,w+4 ---------------------------------------- ----- ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,ant4 ,pos4 ,ant4 ,pos4 #ai4b #ah4h #d4ad #c4dh #d4af #c4dh ---------------------------------------- ----- ,,hive ,,numb] ,,?ree4 ---------------------------------------- ------- ,av]age ,numb] ( ,hooks4 ,av]age ,wid? ( ,w+4 ---------------------------------------- ----- ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,ant4 ,pos4 ,ant4 ,pos4 #ba4j #ba4j #d4jf #c4dh #d4jg #c4ej ---------------------------------------- ----- ,,hive ,,numb] ,,f\r4 ---------------------------------------- ------- ,av]age ,numb] ( ,hooks4 ,av]age ,wid? ( ,w+4 ---------------------------------------- ----- ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,"r w+4 ,left w+4 ,ant4 ,pos4 ,ant4 ,pos4 #ai4f #ai4f #d4ji #c4dg #d4jc #c4da ---------------------------------------- ----- ,z to ! fir/ qu]y conc]n+ ! individual v>iations 9 a s+le hive ! complete table %[s t ,no4 #a v>ies f #ah-ba hooks1 ,no4 #b f #ag-ba1 ,no4 #c f #ah-bc & ,no4 #d f #ag-ba4 ,! "r w+ is tak5 z ! /&>d1 & ! mo/ active hive1 ,no4 #c4 %[s ! greate/ individual v>iation4 ,"o bee 9 ?is hive _h only sixte5 hooks1 ! rema9+ ?ree be+ /raight sp9es1 %[+ h[ ! hooks h be5 modifi$ f ord9>y hairs4 ,?is rev]sion occurr$ on ?ree sep>ate w+s1 9 ,no4 #b "o hook on ea* w+ be+ /raight4 ,z to ! relation betwe5 ! numb] ( hooks & ! wid? ( ! w+ ! av]ages are v def9ite4 ,tak+ hives numb] "o & two f ! same api>y1 x w be se5 t ! increase 9 numb] ( hooks goes ) ! increase 9 wid? ( w+4 ,! same relation is %[n by hives numb]s ?ree & f\r f ano!r api>y 9 ! case ( ! po/]ior portion ( ! "r w+ & 9 bo? ant]ior & po/]ior portions ( left w+4 ,! results are n conclusive z to ! relative effici5cy ( diff]5t hives because !re are s _m conditions ent]+ into ! production ( l>ge quantities ( honey4 ,! numb] ( bees1 ! c>e dur+ ! w9t]1 ! age ( ! que51 ! numb] ( sw>ms produc$1 & sev]al o!r factors w\ld h to be tak5 into consid]ation4 ,! diff]5ces 9 ! "r & left w+s 9 ! bees ( ! same hive is m>k$4 ,! "r w+ has ! l>g] numb] ( hooks1 b ! left w+ is ! broad]4 ,9 hive numb] "o ! av]age numb] ( hooks 9 ! "r w+ is #ba4c1 left #bj4i2 b ! ant]ior w+ on ! "r side is #d4ba mm41 :ile ! left ant]ior w+ is #d4bh2 t is1 !re is a comp5sation = ! r$uc$ numb] ( hooks 9 ! increas$ wid? ( ! w+4 ,?is is true ( ! fir/ ?ree hives4 ,9 ! f\r? hive !re is a slight advantage 9 favor ( ! "r w+4 ,! foll[+ g5]al conclusions may be drawn f ^! measurem5ts3 7a7 ,!re is a v>iation 9 ! numb] ( hooks 9 a giv5 hive rang+ betwe5 #ag & #bc4 7b7 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! numb] ( hooks 9 ! "r & left w+ is comp5sat$ = 9 a giv5 hive by ! increas$ size ( ! w+4 ,! "r & left w+s are 9 physiological equilibrium4 7c7 ,9 diff]5t hives ! increase 9 ! numb] ( hooks is accompani$ by an increase 9 wid? ( w+2 t is1 ! v>iation is emphasiz$ s t selection w\ld "w mu* m effectively2 :ile 9 ! individual1 :]e--if selection op]at$ on acc\nt ( ?is v>iation--x w\ld h to be betwe5 diff]5t w+s ( ! same bee1 ! v>iation is elim9at$4 ,,twelve ,,plants ,,additional ,,to ,,! ,,ohio ,,li/4 ,w4 ,a4 ,,kell]man4 ,! species nam$ bel[ h n h]et(ore be5 record$ z a "p ( ! ,ohio flora4 ,! fir/ collector & locality are giv5 = ea* ( ! li/$ species4 ,! s]ial numb] prefix$ to ea* "n indicates :]e 9 ! ,f\r? ,/ate ,catalogue ! species %\ld be ins]t$4 #abc;a ,sorghum vulg>e ,p]s4 ,occasionally escap$4 #bgj;b ,secale c]eale ,l4 ,rye4 ,occasionally escap$4 #gha;b ,dian?us b>batus ,l4 ,sweet ,william4 ,escap$4 ,pa9esville4 ,otto ,hack]4 7#ajdb;a ,crataegus polybracteata ,a%e4 ,report$ previ\sly1 b )\t locality4 ,frankl91 ,hock+1 & ,summit ,c\nties2 ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man47 #ajdb;b ,crataegus pru9osa ,w5dl4 ,logan ,c\nty2 ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man4 #ajdb;c ,crataegus succul5ta4 ,frankl91 ,fairfield1 ,knox1 ,belmont1 ,summit1 ,ottawa1 ,union1 ,ross1 ,c>roll1 ,%elby & ,lucas ,c\nties2 ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man4 #aebf;b ,teucrium occid5tale ,gr4 ,hairy ,g]m&]4 8,ohio01 ,riddell1 #ahcd1 7,bull4 ,torr4 ,club1 #bh3agj72 ,res]voir ,p>k1 ,p]ry ,co41 ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man4 #aebi;a ,scutell>ia s]rata ,&r4 ,%[y skullcap4 ,rio ,gr&e4 ,gallia ,c\nty2 ,ru? ,e4 ,brockett4 #afje;a ,solanum tub]osum ,l4 ,potato4 ,escap$4 #afji;c ,petunia violacea ,l9dl4 ,occasionally escap$4 #agji;a ,viburnum molle ,mx4 ,s(t-leaf ,arr[-wood4 ,scioto ,c\nty2 ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man4 #agad;a ,l9naea borealis ,l4 ,tw9-fl[]4 ,canton1 ,/>k ,c\nty2 ,mrs4 ,!ano ,w4 ,case4 #aihf;a ,*rysan!mum indicum ,hortorum4 ,escap$4 ,adams ,c\nty2 ,w4 ,a4 ,kell]man4 ,,! ,,food ,,habits ,,( ,,"s ,,aphrophora ,,l>vae4 ,e4 ,d4 ,,ball4 ,! l>vae ( all ! ,am]ican species ( ! ,family ,c]copidae z f> z kn[n envelope !mselves 9 a fro?y mass4 ,contr>y to popul> op9ion & to mo/ ( ! publi%$ acc\nts ?is fro? does n issue z bubbles f ! body ( ! insect1 b is made by pu%+ ! tip ( ! abdom5 up out ( ! fro? & grasp+1 ) ! anal app5dages1 a bubble ( air & br++ x d[n & releas+ x )9 a liquid film4 ,?is liquid film is simply ! excretion f ! alim5t>y canal ( ! sap :i* is imbib$ by ^! insects 9 l>ge quantities4 ,?is copi\s liquid excretion is a common occurr5ce 9 o!r families ( ! ,homopt]a4 ,9 ! ,plant ,lice 7,aphidae7 x ga!rs 9 drops & is call$ 8,honey ,dew40 ,! ,leaf ,hopp]s & ,tree ,hopp]s expel a cle> liquid ) "s =ce4 ,9 "s species ?is is 9 suffici5t am\nt s t :5 ! insects are num]\s ! foliage may drip1 produc+ ! 8,weep+ trees0 ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,?is process ( fro? mak+ 9 ! ,c]copidae 0 discov]$ & fir/ correctly describ$ by ,pr(essor ,e4 ,s4 ,morse1 ( ,salem1 ,mass41 & publi%$ _m ye>s ago 9 8 ,elem5t>y ,zoology4#a ,8 obs]vations 7 probably made on ! l>vae ( ,a4 spum>ius :i* belongs to ! g5us ,phila5us z n[ recogniz$4 ,9 ! g5us ,aphrophora z n[ limit$ little is kn[n ( ! food habits ( ! l>vae4 ,"o species 7,a4 #d-notata7 has be5 f\nd on v>i\s plants & %rubs4 ,! rema9+ ?ree ea/]n species1 :i* belong to a diff]5t gr\p & are ( "s %ade ( br[ni% te/ace\s1 h be5 giv5 z fe$+ on p9es 9 ! adult /ate by v>i\s au?ors4 ,dr4 ,fit* has describ$ ! l>vae ( "o ( ^! 7,a4 p>allela1 ,fig4 #d1 ,plate #aj7 z =m+ fro?y masses on ! tips ( p9e twigs1 & 9 ! ,nat'l ,museum ,coll4 are "s ,aphrophora l>vae label$ 8,pa4 ,on ,p9e1 ,july #g10 t und\bt$ly belong to ?is species leav+ little room to d\bt ! correctness ( ,fit*'s det]m9ation4 ,!re are two species belong+ to ! p>allela gr\p occurr+ 9 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9 region bo? f\nd 9 ! adult /age on p9es4 ,( "o ( ^! 7,a4 p]mutata1 ,fig4 #a1 #b & #c1 ,plate #aj7 l>vae 7 f\nd 9 abundance on two diff]5t plants ,*rysopsis villosa & ,lup9us sp4 ,bo? ( ^! plants gr[ 9 clumps & x 0 always d[n 9 ! bases ( ^! clumps1 "s ( !m (t5 d[n bel[ ! surface ( ! gr\nd among ! roots1 t ! l>vae 7 f\nd4 ,(t5 t5 or fifte5 w\ld be f\nd 9 a s+le clump _! unit$ fro? masses1 held up by ! co>se /ems1 rea*+ a diamet] ( two in*es or m4 ,! l>vae 7 f\nd 9 ^! clumps f late 9 ,may until ! fir/ week 9 ,july 9 ! foot hills1 & high] up 9 ! m\nta9s !y 7 j beg9n+ to em]ge ,july #bj?4 ,:5 ready to em]ge !y climb up a /em dur+ ! night f> en\gh to free !mselves f ! fro? & z soon z ! sun /rikes !n 9 ! morn+ !y bur/ _! pupal sk9s & an h\r lat] !y are ready to fly up to ! p9e trees :]e _! color admirably protects !m4 ,al?\gh bo? ^! plants gr[ v commonly ov] a wide ext5t ( t]ritory ! ,aphrophora l>vae h nev] be5 f\nd on !m except :]e !y 7 )9 a %ort di/ance ( a p9e tree4 ,at fir/ sight x w\ld seem probable t ! eggs 7 deposit$ 9 ! twigs ( ! p9es1 & t ! "y l>vae dropp$ to ! gr\nd1 & f !re s\ght out a food plant1 z is ! case 9 "s ,cicadas4 ,b z num]\s l>vae 7 f\nd 9 positions practically inaccessible to any su* means ( di/ribution--su* z on ! opposite side ( a %>p l$ge ( rocks1 across a bramble ?icket1 or ev5 on plants gr[+ 9 ! crevices ( b>e rocks at a consid]able di/ance above any p9es--x seem$ ne>ly c]ta9 t ! adults mu/ fly back to ! plants to deposit _! eggs4 ,x w be int]e/+ to discov] :e!r a simil> food habit occurs 9 any ( ! ,ea/]n memb]s ( ! g5us or :e!r ?is is peculi> to ! we/]n species4 ,x seems possible t orig9al p9e-inhabit+ species f9d+ !mselves unable to ma9ta9 _! fro? masses 9 _! expos$ positions on p9e bran*es 9 su* a dry atmosph]e 7 compell$ to seek moi/] conditions su* z are af=d$ by ! %ade & contact ) ! e>? "u ^! bu%y plants4 ,,explanation ,,( ,,plate4--,fig4 #a4 ,aphrophora p]mutata ,uhl4 ,adult4 ,x ,ab\t #g4 ,common f ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s to ! ,pacific4 #a;a--,side view ( head1 %[+ pr(ile ( face4 ,fig4 #b4 ,pupa ( above4 #b;a--,side view ( head ( pupa4 ,fig4 #c4 ,semi-diagrammatic cross-section ( a clump ( ,*rysopsis villosa to %[ relative location ( l>vae ) relation to ! fro? mass & ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,fig4 #d4 ,aphrophora p>allela ,say ,adult4 ,x ,ab\t #g4 ,ea/]n ,u4 ,s4 to ,ohio & ,mi*4 #d;a--pr(ile ( head ( same4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,= a detail$ acc\nt ( ?is process see ,pr(4 ,morse's article 8,a ,bubble-bl[+ ,insect40 ,pop4 ,sc4 ,mon?ly1 ,may1 #aijj4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate #aj4 ,,ball ,,on ,,aphrophora ,,l>vae4 ,,! ,,v]nation ,,( ,,salix4 ,,rob]t ,f4 ,,griggs4 ,mo/ ( ! manuals are entirely sil5t reg>d+ ! v]nation ( ! ,will[s4 ,s>g5t#b describes _! leaves z 8v>i\sly fold$ 9 ! bud0 & "u diff]5t species gives !m z3 involute1 revolute1 convolute1 & ev5 conduplicate 9 ! bud4 ,! fact t he gives two species1 closely relat$ & difficult to di/+ui%1 at ! "t ! buds op5 7,salix nigra & ,s4 amygdaloides71 z hav+ involute & revolute v]nations1 l$ me to take up ! matt] to see if a key = _! id5tification f bud *>act]s1 c\ld be con/ruct$4 ,n only did ,i f9d t !y 7 n involute & revolute respectively2 b t !y 7 nei!r involute nor revolute1 b bo? imbricate4 ,on exam9+ o!r species ! same ?+ 0 f\nd4 ,! only exceptions to ! true imbricate v]nation f\nd are repres5t$ 9 figures #c & #d4 ,! section ,purpureae1 on acc\nt ( its t5d5cy to h opposite r ?an alt]nate leaves1 (t5 =ms su* decussate buds z are %[n 9 figure #c4 ,9 ,salix incana ,s*r5k1 a species ^: leaves at maturity h revolute m>g9s1 ! leaves h a great] or less t5d5cy to roll backw>ds 9 ! bud4 ,! mo/ extreme case f\nd is %[n 9 figure #d4 ,o!rs f ! same twig c\ld be %[n :]e ! leaves %[ only ! slighte/ t5d5cy to be revolute4 ,if we may consid] t ?is backw>d turn+ is m]ely a "* ( ! mature leaf manife/+ itself 9 ! bud x is evid5t t !re is "h no revolute v]nation b t x is really imbricate4 ,illu/ration3 ,salix buds ,! o!r buds exam9$ v>y f ! =m repres5t$ 9 figure #a :]e ! :ole int]ior ( ! bud is tak5 up ) ! closely pack$ leaves1 to t %[n 9 figure #b :]e !re are a few leaves ) a great deal ( wool4 ,species l ,salix fragilis ,l4 ^: leaves are glabr\s :5 !y unfold h buds l ! =m] :ile species l ,salix discolor ,muhl41 ) leaves excessively wooly :5 !y unfold1 are l ! latt]4 ,z !re are all int]gradations betwe5 ^! two k9ds ( leaves1 !re is naturally a s]ies ( buds betwe5 ^! two z extremes4 ,:ile fur!r inve/igation is necess>y be=e we w\ld be w>rant$ 9 decl>+ t ! v]nation ( ! :ole g5us is imbricate2 yet ! fact t specim5s ( ?irty-f\r species & v>ieties1 tak5 f ?irte5 ( ! n9ete5 sections giv5 by ,&]sson 9 ,de,candolle's prodromus1 h _! leaves imbricat$ 9 ! buds w\ld seem to e/abli% a presumption 9 favor ( su* a view4 ,! buds exam9$ 7 soak$ 9 #gj alcohol & free-h& sections cut & m\nt$ 9 balsam4 ,on acc\nt ( sc>city ( mat]ial1 ! buds ( sev]al species 7 n section$ b dissect$ on ! gr[+ plant4 ,su* are m>k$ ) an a/]isk 79974 ,z f> z possible liv+ mat]ial 0 tak51 mo/ly f native plants4 ,^? species n native 7 /udi$ f specim5s gr[+ 9 ! ,univ]sity ,botanic ,g>d54 ,9 a few cases dri$ specim5s 7 resort$ to4 ,ab\t "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five plants belong+ to ! foll[+ species & v>ieties 7 exam9$4 ,salix nigra ,m>%4 ,s4 amygdaloides ,&]s4 ,s4 tri&ra ,l4 99,s4 undulata ,ehrh4 ,s4 lucida ,muhl4 ,s4 p5t&ra ,l4 ,s4 fragilis ,l4 ,s4 alba ,l4 ,s4 alba vitell9a 7,l47 ,ko*4 ,s4 babylonica x fragilis4 ,s4 babylonica ,l4 ,s4 babylonica japonica 7,?umb7 ,&]s4 ,s4 int]ior ,r[lee4 ,s4 bebbiana ,s>g4 ,s4 discolor ,muhl4 ,s4 myrtilloides ,l4 ,s4 humilis ,m>%4 ,s4 tri/is ,ait4 ,s4 s]icea ,m>%4 ,s4 petiol>is ,sm4 ,s4 cordata ,muhl4 99,s4 cordata x s]icea4 ,s4 cordata v>4 ve/ita ,&]s4 ,s4 glaucophylla ,bebb4 ,s4 ad5ophylla ,hook4 99,s4 daphnoides ,vill4 ,s4 smi?iana acum9ata 7,sm7 ,&]s4 ,s4 c&ida ,fluegge4 ,s4 incana ,s*r5k4 ,s4 purpurea ,l4 99,s4 rubra purpureoides ,g54 ,godr4 99,s4 c&icans ,g54 ,godr4 99,s4 laurifolia ,g54 ,godr4 99,s4 sieboldii ,g5 ,godr4 ,,explanation ,,( ,,! ,,figures4--,fig4 #a4 ,salix fragilis ,l4 ,baus* & ,lomb obj4 oc4 #b4 ,fig4 #b4 ,s4 discolor ,muhl4 ,b4 ,l4 obj4 oc4 #b4 ,fig4 #c4 ,s4 purpurea ,l4 ,b4 ,l4 obj4 oc4 #b4 ,fig4 #d4 ,s4 incana ,s*r5k4 ,b4 ,l4 obj4 oc4 #a4 ,! figures 7 drawn ) an abbe cam]a lucida & r$uc$ to ( _! orig9al size4 ,,footnotes3 #b ,s>g5t3 ,silva ( ,nor? ,am]ica #i3 #ie4 ,,ohio ,,reptiles ,,9 ,,! ,,ohio ,,/ate ,,univ]sity ,,zoological ,,museum4 ,,max ,,morse4 ,fam4 ,,iguanid4 ,scelopor\s undulatus undulatus 7,latr474 ,sug> ,grove4 ,fam4 ,,anguid4 ,ophisaurus v5tralis 7,l9n474 ,no4 #eg has ! foll[+ note 9 ! accession catalogue3--8,donat$ by ,dr4 ,n4 ,s4 ,t[n%5d4 ,said by him to h be5 tak5 on ! ,univ]sity f>m40 ,fam4 ,,sc9cid4 ,eumeces qu9quel9eatus 7,l9n474 ,columbus4 ,fam4 ,,colubrid4 ,c>phophiops amo5us 7,say474 ,?is specim5 is m>k$ ,c4 hel5ae ,k5n4 ,! int]nasal scutae are want+4 ,! specim5 is f ,meigs ,co4 ,ano!r specim5 is 9 ! collection b )\t label4 ,diadophis punctatus 7,l47 ,sug> ,grove4 ,het]odon platyrh9us ,lat4 ,c$> ,po9t4 ,bo? ! spott$ & ! black =ms occur on ,c$> ,po9t4 ,liopeltis v]nalis 7,de,kay474 ,s&usky & ,columbus4 ,zam5is con/rictor 7,l9n474 ,hock+ ,c\nty4 ,colub] vulp9us 7,b4 & ,g474 ,! range ( ! fox snake1 z giv5 by ,cope 7,rept4 ,u4 ,s4 ,nat4 ,mus41 '#ih1 p4 #hcb7 is 8ov] ! nor?we/ ( ! ,ea/]n di/rict1 n be+ kn[n f ea/ ( ,ill9ois99999940 ,specim5s are tak5 f ,c$> ,po9t & vic9ity ne>ly e summ]4 ,^? 9 ! collection are f ,ca/alia & ,c$> ,po9t4 ,colub] obsoletus obsoletus ,say4 ,columbus4 ,osceola doliata triangula 7,boie474 ,columbus & ,london4 ,natrix fasciata fasciata 7,l9n474 ,w>r5 ,c\nty4 ,natrix fasciata sip$on 7,l9n474 ,?is is ! common 8wat] snake0 ( c5tral ,ohio4 ,specim5s are f ,s&usky & ,columbus4 ,natrix fasciata ery?roga/] 7,%aw47 ,put-9-,bay4 ,among ! isl&s ( ,lake ,erie ?is seems to be ! prevail+ =m4 ,"o "y ,natrix 0 tak5 dur+ ! summ] ( #aijj :i* resembl$ ,n4 f4 sip$on ,l41 b aside f ?is all o!r =ms 7 ery?roga/]4 ,x may be possible t ! "y ( ^! two sub-species are n di/+ui%able--! diff]5ces aris+ lat]4 ,natrix leb]is 7,l9n474 ,columbus & ,s&usky4 ,natrix kirtl&ii 7,k5n474 ,new ,london & ,sug> ,grove4 ,/or]ia dekayi 7,holb474 ,columbus4 ,/or]ia occipitomaculata 7,/or]74 ,sug> ,grove & ,k5t4 ,euta5ia sirtalis sirtalis 7,l9n474 ,columbus4 ,euta5ia sirtalis ord9ata 7,l9n474 ,columbus4 ,euta5ia sirtalis obscura ,cope4 ,c$> ,po9t & ,columbus4 ,fam4 ,,crotalid4 ,anci/rodon contortrix 7,l9n474 ,sug> ,grove & ,knox ,c\nty4 ,si/rurus cat5atus cat5atus 7,raf474 ,urbana4 ,fam4 ,,triony*id4 ,aspidonectes sp9if] 7,le,sueur474 ,columbus4 ,fam4 ,,k9o/]nid4 ,aromo*elys odoratus 7,lat474 ,columbus & ,c$> ,po9t4 ,9 ,may & ,june1 numb]s ( ?is turtle h be5 tak5 9 ! s& on ,c$> ,po9t1 :ile deposit+ _! eggs4 ,fam4 ,,emydid4 ,graptemys geographicus 7,le,sueur474 ,columbus1 also tak5 at ,s&usky4 ,*rysemys m>g9ata 7,agassiz74 ,columbus & ,c$> ,po9t4 ,! species picta does n occur 9 c5tral ,ohio--at lea/ we/ ( ,lick+ ,res]voir4 ,"o specim5 has ! normal ?ree dorsal plates brok5 up into six :i* alt]nate ) ea* o!r1 ?ree be+ on ei!r side ( ! m$ian l9e4 ,clemmys guttatus 7,s*474 ,columbus & ,lick+ ,res]voir4 ,emydoidea bl&+i ,holb4 ,columbus & ,s&usky4 ,t]rap5e c>ol9a 7,l9n474 ,v num]\s at ,sug> ,grove4 ,f\nd 9 s& on ,c$> ,po9t4 ,,summ>y ,,= ,,reptiles3--,families #h2 g5]a #bb2 species #cj4 ,a ,,pres]v+ ,,box ,,= ,,plants4 ,,edo ,,claass54 ,z ! "t = botani/s has arriv$ :5 !y w dep>t = "s "t f _! "w at home & walk ov] fields & into ! =e/s to collect plants & fl[]s new to !m1 ,i h ?\ght x w\ld be int]e/+ & useful to describe a box 9 :i* !y may pres]ve = sev]al days1 ! collect$ plants & keep !m f %rivel+1 p>ticul>ly if ! same are q l>ge1 & exce$ 9 size ! usual small collect+ box4 ,z ,i _h "o made to ord] & "k by exp]i5ce ! valuable s]vice x did me1 ,i d n hesitate to recomm5d x highly4 ,x is well kn[n t _m druggi/s buy _! glyc]9e & ca/or oil 9 five gallon cans1 = :i*1 :5 empty1 !y h no fur!r use4 ,! botani/1 !re=e1 may g to su* a druggi/1 procure two ( ! above cans1 if possible ( heavy t9 & ) flat sides1 h ! t9smi? take (f _! upp] p>ts & sold] ! cans toge!r1 aft] hav+ cut out ( ea* ( !m a rectangul> piece z long & wide z necess>y to give room = a door & aft] hav+ trimm$ any inside edges4 ,! door is !n made f ! two pieces cut out1 7or f a new piece7 ) ! addition ( sev]al /rips ( t91 s t x may ov]lap & close tightly1 & ( ! necess>y h+es & hasp to op5 & fa/5 ! door4 ,"o ( ! orig9al wire h&les ( ! cans is fa/5$ 9 a simil> mann] z be=e on ! top ( ! box & ! pres]v+ box is ready = use1 z soon z x _h receiv$ two coat+s ( asphaltum v>ni% inside & two ( pa9t outside4 ,any vessel ( suitable size & conta9+ wat] %\ld !n be put into ! box1 :i* w furni% ! moi/ure = ! roots or ! l[] ends ( ! plants & at ! same "t = ! air surr\nd+ ^!4 ,! dim5sions ( ! box 9 "q c easily be det]m9$ by ! botani/ himself1 b = ^? n wi%+ to d s1 ,i may be all[$ to add1 t ! l5g? ( ! box %\ld be ab\t tw5ty-five in*es1 ! orig9al wid? ( ! cans rema9+ un*ang$4 ,! door %\ld comm5ce at ab\t ?ree in*es f ! bottom1 rea* up to two or two & "o-half in*es f ! top & h a wid? ( six or six & "o-half in*es4 ,clevel&1 ,ohio4 ,,ohio ,,tumblewe$s4 ,,john ,h4 ,,s*affn]4 ,tumblewe$s are *>act]i/ic ( w9d-swept pla9s & dry prairies4 ,z ! =e/s are rapidly disappe>+1 ! conditions 9 ,ohio are becom+ v favorable = ! introduction & developm5t ( su* =ms ( vegetation4 ,a few species are already abundant & "s l ,am>an?us graecizans appe> to fl\ri% bett] ?an on ! prairies ( ! int]ior4 ,! pa/ summ] a numb] ( cornfields ab\t ,columbus 7 cov]$ ) v l>ge tumblewe$s & dur+ ! w9t] a numb] ( h$g][s 7 fill$ ) !m1 pres5t+ an appe>ance q z /rik+ z any?+ ! writ] has se5 along ?is l9e4 ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( ! ,ohio plants :i* may develop z tumblewe$s4 ,^? ) a "q m>k h n be5 se5 by ! writ] to act z tumblewe$s & a few are giv5 on ! au?ority ( ,dr4 ,w4 ,j4 ,beal4 ,,annual ,,tumblewe$s4 #a4 ,cycloloma atriplicifolium 7,spr5g47 ,c\lt4 #b4 ,salsola tragus ,l4 #c4 ,am>an?us graecizans ,l4 #d4 ,lepidium apetalum ,willd4 ,beal4 #e4 ,trifolium procumb5s ,l4 ,beal4 #f4 ,onagra bi5nis 7,l47 ,scop4 ,beal4 ,,tumble-,,grasses4 #g4 ,panicum capill>e ,l4 #h4 ,panicum flexile 7,gattg47 ,scrib4 #i4 ,eragro/is pect9acea 7,mx47 ,/eudl4 #aj4 ,eragro/is tri*odes 7,nutt47 ,na%4 #aa4 ,eragro/is capill>is 7,l47 ,nees4 8 #ab4 ,eragro/is frankii ,/eud4 8 #ac4 ,eragro/is pur%ii ,s*rad4 8 #ad4 ,agro/is hyemalis 7,walt47 ,b4 ,s4 ,p4 ,,p]5nial ,,tumblewe$s4 #ae4 ,baptisia t9ctoria 7,l47 ,r4 ,br4 ,,meet+s ,,( ,,! ,,biological ,,club4 ,,may ,,meet+4 ,! ,biological ,club met 9 ,zoological ,lecture ,room ,may #f1 #aija4 ,pr(essor ,s*affn] report$ t ! committee appo9t$ to consid] ! disposition to make ( ex*anges1 _h _h a meet+ & appo9t$ ,pr(essor ,osborn to consid] ! matt] fur!r4 ,pr(essor ,l&acre gave a pap] entitl$ ,a ,/udy ( ,passalus ,cornutus4 ,he gave ! m important conclusions he _h arriv$ at1 aft] an ext5d$ /udy ( ! muscul> & skeletal sy/ems ( t beetle4 ,mr4 ,griggs read a pap] on ,v]nation 9 ! ,will[s4 ,m\lds & o!r ,fungi ,injuri\s to ,foods 0 ! title ( a pap] giv5 by ,miss ,m>y ,dresba*4 ,%e gave a li/ ( fungi f\nd on food products4 ,9 discuss+ ?is pap] ,pr(essor ,s*affn] said ! m\lds are ( public int]e/ & _m important results may be expect$ f an ext5d$ /udy ( !m4 ,pr(essor ,kell]man said t m\lds are an important factor to gu>d aga9/ 9 cann+ fruit4 ,x w\ld be a great /ep 9 advance if fruit c\ld be cann$ & kept )\t its be+ cook$ be=eh&4 ,miss ,elma ,p]ry gave a li/ ( ! edible fungi ( ,ohio4 ,s f> #bjj species h be5 record$ & !re are no d\bt _m yet to add4 ,"u ! head ( p]sonal obs]vations ,pr(4 ,kell]man %[$ "s int]e/+ v>iations 9 our common anemone4 ,a pap] on ?is subject appe>$ 9 ! ,may numb] ( ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/4 ,,june ,,meet+4 ,! ,june meet+ ( ! club 0 held 9 ,zoological ,lecture ,room on ! ev5+ ( ! ?ird4 ,! editor-9-*ief ( ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/1 ,pr(essor ,s*affn]1 gave a f9ancial /atem5t = ! ye>4 ,! ,secret>y read a communication f ,pr(essor ,kell]man4 ,?is communication 0 conc]n$ ) ! pa/ & future ( ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/ & an adj\rn$ meet+ 0 vot$ = its consid]ation4 ,! foll[+ invitation 0 receiv$ f ,pr(essor ,w4 ,d4 ,gibbs1 ,secret>y ( ! ,omega ,*apt] ( ! ,society ( ,sigma ,xi3 ,! ,omega ,*apt] ( ! ,society ( ,sigma ,xi cordially invites ! memb]s ( ! ,biological ,club to be pres5t at ! f9al meet+ ( ! ,*apt]1 9 ! ,physical ,lecture ,room1 ,saturday ,june #h?1 at #aa o'clock a4 m4 to he> a lecture by ,pr(essor ,*>les ,f4 ,mab]y on ! subject3 8,! ,petroleum ,indu/ry3 ,its ,rapid ,expansion & ,future ,promise40 ,dr4 ,b[nock] deliv]$ an in/ructive pap] on 8,oil & ,gas 9 ,s\!a/]n ,ohio40 ,! fir/ oil well 9 t region 0 drill$ ab\t #ahfj at ,maxburg 9 ,wa%+ton ,c\nty4 ,! wells 9 ?is region :5 fir/ put d[n (t5times yield #ejj b>rels or m daily b !y soon decrease until ! product ( ! same well may be only a few b>rels ea* day4 ,!y are long-liv$ h[ev] & wells drill$ 9 ! ,sixties are /ill produc+4 ,! oil 9 ,s\!a/]n ,ohio has its orig9 9 ! v>i\s s&s & !re=e diff]s f t ( ,nor?we/]n ,ohio :]e all ! oil is ( lime/one orig94 ,! speak] expla9$ ! nature ( ! c\ntry1 especially 9 ref]5ce to ! ar*es :]e practically all ! oil is locat$4 ,h4 ,s4 ,h\ghton n be+ pres5t1 ,pr(essor ,l&acre gave a %ort outl9e ( ! subject 8,a ,/udy ( ! ,muscul> & ,skeletal ,/ructures 9 ! ,head ( a #ad mm4 ,salam&]40 ,a4 ,f4 ,conradi read a %ort pap] on ! subject 8,a ,/udy ( ! ,cecidomyidae & _! effects ^u ,vegetation40 ,! motion 0 made & c>ri$ t :5 we adj\rn we adj\rn to meet 9 ! ,zoological ,lecture ,room ,friday ev5+1 ,june #g?1 at #d o'clock1 = ! purpose ( consid]+ matt]s connect$ ) ! ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/4 ,,james ,s4 ,,h9e1 ,secret>y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,) ?is issue ,,! ,,ohio ,,naturali/ completes its fir/ ye>4 ,! ,editors to be *os5 = #aija-b w cont9ue ! ,j\rnal along ! same l9es & we tru/ t ^? int]e/$ 9 ! natural hi/ory ( ,ohio1 z well z o!rs1 w cont9ue to give _! enc\ragem5t & f9ancial support4 ,a table ( cont5ts & a title-page ( ,vol4 #a w be s5t out ) ! fir/ numb] ( ,vol4 #b4 ,,john ,h4 ,,s*affn]4 ,ohio ,/ate ,univ]sity ,six di/9ct & indep5d5t ,colleges1 ea* ) a ,dean & ,faculty ( its own4 ,,?irty ,,sev5 ,,dep>tm5ts4 ,,?irty ,,di/9ct ,,c\rses4 ,,agriculture1 ,,arts1 ,,law1 ,,eng9e]+1 ,,ph>macy1 ,,vet]9>y ,,m$ic9e4 ,sup]ior facilities = education 9 ,appli$ ,sci5ce4 ,%ort or special c\rses = mature /ud5ts n c&idates = degrees4 ,"o hundr$ & tw5ty-"o in/ructors4 ,ov] ?irte5 hundr$ /ud5ts4 ,,f9e/ ,,gymnasium ,,9 ,,! ,,we/4 ,= fur!r in=mation address ! ,presid5t1 ,,dr4 ,w4 ,o4 ,,?ompson1 ,,/ate ,,univ]sity1 ,,columbus4 ,ohio ,=e/ ,trees ,id5tifi$ by ,leaves & ,fruit4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,kell]man1 ,,ph4 ,d41 ,ohio ,/ate ,univ]sity4 ,a neat pamphlet = e "o :o wi%es to le>n our native =e/ trees4 ,keys simple4 ,description pla94 ,c le>n ! names ( ! trees easily4 ,price r$uc$ f #be c5ts to #aj c5ts4 ,also1 ,! ,f\r? ,/ate ,catalogue ( ,ohio ,plants4 ,b\nd copies at co/ ( b9d+1 namely #bj c5ts4 ,gives li/ ( sci5tific & common names2 di/ribution by c\nties4 ,tea*]s & o!rs w also be int]e/$ 9 ,pr(4 ,kell]man's ,phyto-!ca or ,h]b>ium ,portfolio1 ,practical ,/udies 9 ,elem5t>y ,botany1 ,elem5t>y ,botany ) ,spr+ ,flora1 all publi%$ by ,eldr$ge ,bro41 ,philadelphia1 to :om apply4 ,= in=mation or copies ( ,=e/ ,trees & ,catalogue or names ( plant specim5s ( y\r region address ,w4 ,a4 ,,kell]man1 ,,columbus1 ,,ohio ,am]ican ,entomological ,co4 #ajdj ,,de ,,kalb ,,av5ue1 ,,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 ,lepidopt]a ,price ,li/ ,no4 #b4--,price #e c5ts ,refund$ to ,buy]s ,,issu$ ,,novemb] #ae? #aijj4 ,deal]s ( all k9ds ( 444 ,,entomological ,,supplies ,manufactur]s ( ! ,orig9al & ,celebrat$ 444 ,,s*mitt ,,insect ,,boxes4 ,build]s ( ,,insect ,,cab9ets1 ,,etc4 ,! ,tw5tie? ,c5tury ,text ,books ( ,biology4 ,,plant ,,relations1 #abmo1 clo? #a4aj ,,plant ,,/ructures1 #abmo1 clo? #a4bj ,,plant ,,/udies1 #abmo1 clo? #a4bj ,,plants1 #abmo1 clo? #a4hj ,,analytical ,,key ,,to ,,plants1 #abmo1 flexible clo? 4#ge ,all by ,,john ,,m]le ,,c\lt]1 ,a4 ,m41 ,ph4 ,d41 ,head ( ,dept4 ( ,botany1 ,univ]sity ( ,*icago4 ,!y are already ! pref]r$ texts1 & ! reasons w be app>5t on exam9ation4 ,,animal ,,life3 ,a ,fir/ ,book ( ,zoology4 ,by ,,david ,s4 ,,jordan1 ,m4 ,s41 ,m4 ,d41 ,ph4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d41 ,presid5t ( ! ,lel& ,/an=d ,junior ,univ]sity1 & ,,v]non ,l4 ,,kellogg1 ,m4 ,s41 ,pr(essor 9 ,lel& ,/an=d ,junior ,univ]sity4 #abmo4 ,clo?1 #a4bj4 ,n[ ready4 ,n a book = le>n+ ! classification1 anatomy1 & nom5clature ( animals1 b to %[ h[ animals rea*$ _! pres5t developm5t1 ! effects ( environm5t1 _! place 9 ,nature1 _! relations to "o ano!r & to ! human race4 ,design$ = "o-half ye>'s "w 9 high s*ools4 ,s5d = sample pages4 ,,animal ,,=ms3 ,a ,second ,book ( ,zoology4 ,by ,,david ,s4 ,,jordan4 ,m4 ,s41 ,m4 ,d41 ,ph4 ,d41 ,,ll4 ,d41 & ,,h>old ,,hea?1 ,ph4 ,d41 ,pr(essor 9 ,lel& ,/an=d ,junior ,univ]sity4 ,ready 9 ,febru>y1 #aija4 ,d4 ,,appleton ,,& ,,company1 ,publi%]s1 ,new ,york1 ,*icago1 ,london4 ,,rec5t ,,sci5tific ,,works ,9 ,a/ronomy1 ,dr4 ,simon ,newcomb's new book1 publi%$ ,octob]1 #aijj2 9 ,physics1 ! ,johns ,hopk9s text ( ,pr(essors ,r[l& & ,ames2 also 9 ,physics = second & ?ird ye> high s*ool "w1 ! text ( ,dr4 ,hoadley1 ( ,sw>?more2 9 ,physiology1 ! text by ,drs4 ,macy & ,norris1 bas$ on ! ,n]v\s ,sy/em2 also ! ,high ,s*ool ,physiology indors$ by ! ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u41 writt5 by ,drs4 ,hewes41 ( ,h>v>d ,univ]sity2 9 ,geology1 ! ,revis$ 8,comp5d0 ( ,dr4 ,le ,conte1 & ! two /&>d works ( ,dana1--,! ,manual = ,univ]sity ,"w1 & ! ,new ,text ,book1 revision & rewrit+ ( ,dr4 ,rice1 = f\r? ye> high s*ool "w2 9 ,*emi/ry1 ! approv$ ,/or] & ,l9dsay1 recomm5d$ = second>y s*ools by ! lead+ colleges2 9 ,zoology1 ! ,laboratory ,manual ( ,dr4 ,ne$ham1 ( ,cornell2 & ! s]ies 8,sci5tific ,memoirs0 edit$ by ,dr4 ,ames1 ( ,john ,hopk9s4 ,n9e volumes ready4 ,! publi%]s cordially invite correspond5ce4 ,,am]ican ,,book ,,company1 ,,c9c9nati ,transcrib]'s ,notes pg #abd ,*ang$ ,semi-diagramatic to3 ,semi-diagrammatic pg #abf ,assum$ r$uc$ to #b-e to mean3 pg #abh ,remov$ duplicate ^w (3 vessel ( ( suitable pg #acj ,*ang$ ! ,ohio ,naturali/4 to3 ,! ,ohio ,naturali/ pg #aca ,add$ comma aft]3 ,eng9e]+1 ,ph>macy pg #aca ,add$ p]iod aft]3 ,keys simple4 pg #acb ,add$ p]iod aft]3 ,david ,s4 ,jordan ,m4 ,d ,table ( ,cont5ts capitalization & punctuation left z writt5- does n mat* *apt] head+s