,,lett]s ,,on ,,! ,,equality ,,( ,,! ,,sexes1 ,,& ,,! ,,condition ,,( ,,woman4 ,,address$ ,,to ,,m>y ,s4 ,,p>k]1 ,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,bo/on ,female ,anti-,slav]y ,society4 ,,bo/on3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,isaac ,,knapp1 #be1 ,,cornhill4 #ahch4 ,,lett]s4 ,,lett] ,i4 ,,! ,,orig9al ,,equality ,,( ,,woman4 ,amesbury1 #g? ,mo4 #aa?1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,fri5d1--,9 attempt+ to comply ) ?y reque/ to give my views on ! ,prov9ce ( ,woman1 ,i feel t ,i am v5tur+ on ne>ly untrodd5 gr\nd1 & t ,i %all advance argum5ts 9 opposition to a corrupt public op9ion1 & to ! p]v]t$ int]pretation ( ,holy ,writ1 :i* has s univ]sally obta9$4 ,b ,i am 9 se>* ( tru?2 & no ob/acle %all prev5t my prosecut+ t se>*1 because ,i believe ! welf>e ( ! _w w be mat]ially advanc$ by e new discov]y we make ( ! designs ( ,jehovah 9 ! creation ( woman4 ,x is impossible t we c answ] ! purpose ( our be+1 unless we und]/& t purpose4 ,x is impossible t we %\ld fulfil our duties1 unless we compreh5d !m2 or live up to our privileges1 unless we "k :at !y are4 ,9 exam9+ ?is important subject1 ,i %all dep5d solely on ! ,bible to designate ! sph]e ( woman1 because ,i believe almo/ e ?+ t has be5 writt5 on ?is subject1 has be5 ! result ( a misconception ( ! simple tru?s reveal$ 9 ! ,scriptures1 9 consequ5ce ( ! false translation ( _m passages ( ,holy ,writ4 ,my m9d is entirely deliv]$ f ! sup]/iti\s rev]5ce :i* is atta*$ to ! ,engli% v]sion ( ! ,bible4 ,k+ ,james's translators c]ta9ly 7 n inspir$4 ,i !re=e claim ! orig9al z my /&>d1 believ+ t to h be5 inspir$1 & ,i also claim to judge = myself :at is ! mean+ ( ! inspir$ writ]s1 because ,i believe x to be ! solemn duty ( e individual to se>* ! ,scriptures = !mselves1 ) ! aid ( ! ,holy ,_s1 & n be gov]n$ by ! views ( any man1 or set ( m54 ,we mu/ fir/ view woman at ! p]iod ( h] creation4 #8,& ,god said1 ,let u make man 9 our own image1 aft] our lik5ess2 & let !m h dom9ion ov] ! fi% ( ! sea1 & ov] ! f[l ( ! air1 & ov] ! cattle1 & ov] all ! e>?1 & ov] e creep+ ?+ t creepe? ^u ! e>?4 ,s ,god creat$ man 9 8 own image1 9 ! image ( ,god creat$ he him1 male & female creat$ he !m4' ,9 all ?is sublime description ( ! creation ( man1 7:i* is a g5]ic t]m includ+ man & woman17 !re is n "o p>ticle ( diff]5ce intimat$ z exi/+ betwe5 !m4 ,!y 7 bo? made 9 ! image ( ,god2 dom9ion 0 giv5 to bo? ov] e o!r creature1 b n ov] ea* o!r4 ,creat$ 9 p]fect equality1 !y 7 expect$ to ex]cise ! viceg]5ce intru/$ to !m by _! ,mak]1 9 h>mony & love4 ,let u pass on n[ to ! recapitulation ( ! creation ( man3--#8,! ,"l ,god =m$ man ( ! du/ ( ! gr\nd1 & brea!d into 8 no/rils ! brea? ( life2 & man became a liv+ s\l4 ,& ! ,"l ,god said1 x is n good t man %\ld be alone1 ,i w make him an help meet = him4' ,all creation sw>m$ ) animat$ be+s capable ( natural affection1 z we "k !y /ill are2 x 0 n1 !re=e1 m]ely to give man a creature susceptible ( lov+1 obey+1 & look+ up to him1 = all t ! animals c\ld d & did d4 ,x 0 to give him a companion1 9 all respects 8 equal2 "o :o 0 l himself a free ag5t1 gift$ ) intellect & end[$ ) immortality2 n a p>tak] m]ely ( 8 animal gratifications1 b able to ent] into all 8 feel+s z a moral & responsible be+4 ,if ?is _h n be5 ! case1 h[ c\ld %e h be5 an help meet = him8 ,i und]/& ?is z apply+ n only to ! p>ties ent]+ into ! m>riage contract1 b to all m5 & wom51 because ,i believe ,god design$ woman to be an help meet = man 9 e good & p]fect "w4 ,%e 0 a "p ( himself1 z if ,jehovah design$ to make ! on5ess & id5tity ( man & woman p]fect & complete2 & :5 ! glori\s "w ( _! creation 0 f9i%$1 #8! morn+ />s sang toge!r1 & all ! sons ( ,god %\t$ = joy4' ,?is blissful condition 0 n long enjoy$ by our fir/ p>5ts4 ,eve1 x w\ld seem f ! hi/ory1 0 w&]+ alone amid ! b[]s ( ,p>adise1 :5 ! s]p5t met ) h]4 ,f h] reply to ,satan1 x is evid5t t ! comm& n to eat #8( ! tree t is 9 ! mid/ ( ! g>d51' 0 giv5 to bo?1 al?\gh ! t]m man 0 us$ :5 ! prohibition 0 issu$ by ,god4 #8,& ! woman said unto ! s]p5t1 ,,we may eat ( ! fruit ( ! trees ( ! g>d51 b ( ! fruit ( ! tree :i* is 9 ! mid/ ( ! g>d51 ,god ha? said1 ,,ye %all n eat ( x1 nei!r %all ,,ye t\* x1 le/ ,,ye die4' ,"h ! woman 0 expos$ to temptation f a be+ ) :om %e 0 unacqua9t$4 ,%e _h be5 accu/om$ to associate ) h] belov$ p>tn]1 & to hold communion ) ,god & ) angels2 b ( satanic intellig5ce1 %e 0 9 all probability entirely ignorant4 ,?r\gh ! subtlety ( ! s]p5t1 %e 0 beguil$4 ,& #8:5 %e saw t ! tree 0 good = food1 & t x 0 pleasant to ! eyes1 & a tree to be desir$ to make "o wise1 %e took ( ! fruit !re( & did eat4' ,we next f9d ,adam involv$ 9 ! same s91 n ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( a sup]natural ag5t1 b ?r\gh t ( 8 equal1 a be+ :om he mu/ h kn[n 0 liable to transgress ! div9e comm&1 because he mu/ h felt t he 0 himself a free ag5t1 & t he 0 re/ra9$ f disob$i5ce only by ! ex]cise ( fai? & love t[>ds 8 ,creator4 ,_h ,adam t5d]ly reprov$ 8 wife1 & endeavor$ to lead h] to rep5tance in/ead ( %>+ 9 h] guilt1 ,i %\ld be mu* m ready to accord to man t sup]iority :i* he claims2 b z ! facts /& disclos$ by ! sacr$ hi/orian1 x appe>s to me t to say ! lea/1 !re 0 z mu* weakness exhibit$ by ,adam z by ,eve4 ,!y bo? fell f innoc5ce1 & consequ5tly f happ9ess1 b n f equality4 ,let u next exam9e ! conduct ( ?is fall5 pair1 :5 ,jehovah int]rogat$ !m respect+ _! fault4 ,!y bo? frankly confess$ _! guilt4 #8,! man said1 ! woman :om ?\ gave/ to be ) me1 %e gave me ( ! tree & ,i did eat4 ,& ! woman said1 ! s]p5t beguil$ me & ,i did eat4' ,& ! ,"l ,god said unto ! woman1 #8,?\ wilt be subject unto ?y husb&1 & he w rule ov] !e4' ,t ?is did n allude to ! subjection ( woman to man is manife/1 because ! same mode ( expression is us$ 9 speak+ to ,ca9 ( ,abel4 ,! tru? is t ! curse1 z x is t]m$1 :i* 0 pron\nc$ by ,jehovah ^u woman1 is a simple prophecy4 ,! ,hebrew1 l ! ,fr5* language1 uses ! same ^w to express %all & w4 ,our translators hav+ be5 accu/om$ to ex]cise lord%ip ov] _! wives1 & see+ only ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a p]v]t$ judgm5t1 v naturally1 ?\gh ,i ?9k n v le>n$ly or v k9dly1 translat$ x %all in/ead ( w1 & ?us conv]t$ a pr$iction to ,eve into a comm& to ,adam2 = obs]ve1 x is address$ to ! woman & n to ! man4 ,! consequ5ce ( ! fall 0 an imm$iate /ruggle = dom9ion1 & ,jehovah =etold :i* w\ld ga9 ! asc5d5cy2 b z he creat$ !m 9 8 image1 z t image manife/ly 0 n lo/ by ! fall1 because x is urg$ 9 ,g54 #i3f1 z an argum5t :y ! life ( man %\ld n be tak5 by 8 fell[ man1 !re is no reason to suppose t s9 produc$ any di/9ction betwe5 !m z moral1 intellectual & responsible be+s4 ,man might j z well h endeavor$ by h>d labor to fulfil ! prophecy1 ?orns & ?i/les w ! e>? br+ =? to !e1 z to pret5d to accompli% ! o!r1 #8he w rule ov] !e1' by ass]t+ dom9ion ov] 8 wife4 #8,au?ority usurp$ f ,god1 n giv54 ,he gave him only ov] bea/1 fle%1 f[l1 ,dom9ion absolute3 t "r he holds ,by ,god's donation3 b man o'er woman ,he made n ,"l1 su* title to himself ,res]v+1 human left f human free4' ,"h !n ,i plant myself4 ,god creat$ u equal2--he creat$ u free ag5ts2--he is our ,lawgiv]1 our ,k+ & our ,judge1 & to him alone is woman b\nd to be 9 subjection1 & to him alone is %e acc\ntable = ! use ( ^? tal5ts ) :i* h] ,heav5ly ,fa!r has entru/$ h]4 ,"o is h] ,ma/] ev5 ,*ri/4 ,?9e = ! oppress$ 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,ii4 ,,woman ,,subject ,,only ,,to ,,god4 ,newburyport1 #g? mo4 #ag1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,9 my la/1 ,i trac$ ! creation & ! fall ( man & woman f t /ate ( purity & happ9ess :i* _! b5efic5t ,creator design$ !m to enjoy4 ,z !y 7 "o 9 transgression1 _! *a/isem5t 0 ! same4 #8,s ,god drove out ! man1 & he plac$ at ! ,ea/ ( ! g>d5 ( ,ed5 a *]ubim & a flam+ sword1 :i* turn$ e way to keep ! way ( ! tree ( life4' ,we n[ behold !m expell$ f ,p>adise1 fall5 f _! orig9al lovel9ess1 b /ill be>+ on _! =eheads ! image & sup]scription ( ,jehovah2 /ill inve/$ ) high moral responsibilities1 intellectual p[]s1 & immortal s\ls4 ,!y _h incurr$ ! p5alty ( s91 !y 7 %orn ( _! innoc5ce1 b !y /ood on ! same plat=m side by side1 ackn[l$g+ no sup]ior b _! ,god4 ,not)/&+ :at has be5 urg$1 woman ,i am aw>e /&s *>g$ to ! pres5t day ) hav+ br\ght s9 into ! _w4 ,i %all n repel ! *>ge by any c\nt] ass]tions1 al?\gh1 z 0 be=e h9t$1 ,adam's ready acquiesc5ce ) 8 wife's proposal1 does n savor mu* ( t sup]iority 9 /r5g? ( m9d1 :i* is arrogat$ by man4 ,ev5 admitt+ t ,eve 0 ! great] s9n]1 x seems to me man might be satisfi$ ) ! dom9ion he has claim$ & ex]cis$ = ne>ly six ?\s& ye>s1 & t m true nobility w\ld be manife/$ by endeavor+ to raise ! fall5 & invigorate ! weak1 ?an by keep+ woman 9 subjection4 ,b ,i ask no favors = my sex4 ,i surr5d] n our claim to equality4 ,all ,i ask ( our bre?r5 is1 t !y w take _! feet f (f our necks1 & p]mit u to /& upright on t gr\nd :i* ,god design$ u to occupy4 ,if he has n giv5 u ! rights :i* h1 z ,i conceive1 be5 wre/$ f u1 we %all soon give evid5ce ( our inf]iority1 & %r9k back into t obscurity1 :i* ! high s\l$ magnanimity ( man has assign$ u z our appropriate sph]e4 ,z ,i am unable to le>n f sacr$ writ :5 woman 0 depriv$ by ,god ( h] equality ) man1 ,i %all t\* ^u a few po9ts 9 ! ,scriptures1 :i* demon/rate t no supremacy 0 grant$ to man4 ,:5 ,god _h de/roy$ ! _w1 except ,noah & 8 family1 by ! deluge1 he r5ew$ ! grant =m]ly made to man1 & aga9 gave him dom9ion ov] e bea/ ( ! e>?1 e f[l ( ! air1 ov] all t move? ^u ! e>?1 & ov] all ! fi%es ( ! sea2 into 8 h&s !y 7 deliv]$4 ,b 0 woman1 be>+ ! image ( h] ,god1 plac$ "u ! dom9ion ( h] fell[ man8 ,nev]6 ,jehovah c\ld n surr5d] 8 au?ority to gov]n 8 own immortal creatures into ! h&s ( a be+1 :om he knew1 & :om 8 :ole hi/ory prov$1 to be unwor?y ( a tru/ s sacr$ & important4 ,god c\ld n d x1 because x is a direct contrav5tion ( 8 law1 #8,?\ %alt wor%ip ! ,"l ?y ,god1 & him only %alt ?\ s]ve4' ,if ,jehovah _h appo9t$ man z ! gu>dian1 or tea*] ( woman1 he w\ld c]ta9ly h giv5 "s intimation ( ?is surr5d] ( 8 own pr]ogative4 ,b s f> f x1 we f9d ! comm&s ( ,god inv>iably ! same to man & woman2 & n ! slighte/ intimation is giv5 9 a s+le passage ( ! ,bible1 t ,god design$ to po9t woman to man z h] in/ructor4 ,! t5or ( 8 language always is1 #8,look unto ,,me1 & be ye sav$1 all ! ends ( ! e>?1 = ,i am ,god1 & !re is none else4' ,! lu/ ( dom9ion 0 probably ! fir/ effect ( ! fall2 & z !re 0 no o!r intellig5t be+ ov] :om to ex]cise x1 woman 0 ! fir/ victim ( ?is unhall[$ passion4 ,we aft]w>ds see x exhibit$ by ,ca9 9 ! murd] ( 8 bro!r1 by ,nimrod 9 8 becom+ a mighty hunt] ( m51 & sett+ up a k+dom ov] :i* to reign4 ,"h we see ! orig9 ( t ,upas ( slav]y1 :i* sprang up imm$iately aft] ! fall1 & has spread its pe/il5tial bran*es ov] ! :ole face ( ! kn[n _w4 ,all hi/ory atte/s t man has subject$ woman to 8 w1 us$ h] z a means to promote 8 selfi% gratification1 to m9i/] to 8 s5sual pleasures1 to be in/rum5tal 9 promot+ 8 com=t2 b nev] has he desir$ to elevate h] to t rank %e 0 creat$ to fill4 ,he has done all he c\ld to debase & enslave h] m9d2 & n[ he looks triumphantly on ! ru9 he has wr\ght1 & says1 ! be+ he has ?us deeply injur$ is 8 inf]ior4 ,woman has be5 plac$ by ,john ,qu9cy ,adams1 side by side ) ! slave1 :il/ he 0 cont5d+ = ! "r side ( petition4 ,i ?ank him = rank+ u ) ! oppress$2 = ,i %all n f9d x difficult to %[1 t 9 all ages & c\ntries1 n ev5 except+ enlight5$ republican ,am]ica1 woman has m or less be5 made a means to promote ! welf>e ( man1 )\t due reg>d to h] own happ9ess1 & ! glory ( ,god z ! end ( h] creation4 ,dur+ ! patri>*al ages1 we f9d m5 & wom5 engag$ 9 ! same employm5ts4 ,abraham & ,s>ah bo? assi/$ 9 prep>+ ! food :i* 0 to be set be=e ! ?ree m51 :o visit$ !m 9 ! pla9s ( ,mamre2 b al?\gh _! occupations 7 simil>1 ,s>ah 0 n p]mitt$ to enjoy ! society ( ! holy visitant2 & z we le>n f ,pet]1 t %e #8obey$ ,abraham1 call+ him ,"l1' we may presume he ex]cis$ dom9ion ov] h]4 ,we %all pass on n[ to ,rebecca4 ,9 h] hi/ory1 we f9d ano!r /rik+ illu/ration ( ! l[ e/imation 9 :i* woman 0 held4 ,eleazur is s5t to seek a wife = ,isaac4 ,he f9ds ,rebecca go+ d[n to ! well to fill h] pit*]4 ,he acco/s h]2 & %e replies ) all humility1 #8,dr9k1 my "l4' ,h[ does he endeavor to ga9 h] favor & confid5ce8 ,does he approa* h] z a dignifi$ creature1 :om he 0 ab\t to invite to fill an important /ation 9 8 ma/]'s family1 z ! wife ( 8 only son8 ,no4 ,he (f]$ inc5se to h] vanity1 & #8he took a gold5 e>-r+ ( half a %ekel weight1 & two bracelets = h] h&s ( t5 %ekels weight ( gold1' & gave !m to ,rebecca4 ,! cupidity ( man soon l$ him to reg>d woman z prop]ty1 & h5ce we f9d !m sold to ^?1 :o wi%$ to m>ry !m1 z f> z appe>s1 )\t any reg>d to ^? sacr$ rights :i* belong to woman1 z well z to man 9 ! *oice ( a companion4 ,t wom5 7 a pr(itable k9d ( prop]ty1 we may ga!r f ! description ( a virtu\s woman 9 ! la/ *apt] ( ,prov]bs4 ,to "w will+ly ) h] h&s1 to op5 h] h&s to ! poor1 to clo! h]self ) silk & purple1 to look well to h] h\sehold1 to make f9e l95 & sell x1 to deliv] girdles to ! m]*ant1 & n to eat ! bread ( idl5ess1 seems to h con/itut$ 9 ! view ( ,solomon1 ! p]fection ( a woman's "* & a*ievem5ts4 #8,! _s ( t age 0 n favorable to intellectual improvem5t2 b z !re 7 wise m5 :o =m$ exceptions to ! g5]al ignorance1 & 7 de/9$ to guide ! _w into m advanc$ /ates1 s !re 0 a correspond+ proportion ( wise wom52 & among ! ,jews1 z well z o!r nations1 we f9d a /rong t5d5cy to believe t wom5 7 9 m imm$iate connection ) heav5 ?an m54'--,l4 ,m4 ,*ild's ,con4 ( ,woman4 ,if !re be any tru? 9 ?is tradition1 ,i am at a loss to imag9e 9 :at ! sup]iority ( man consi/s4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,pa/oral ,,lett] ,,( ,,! ,,g5]al ,,association ,,( ,,congregational ,,m9i/]s ,,( ,,massa*usetts4 ,hav]hill1 #g? ,mo4 #ahcg4 ,,de> ,,fri5d1--,:5 ,i la/ address$ !e1 ,i _h n se5 ! ,pa/oral ,lett] ( ! ,g5]al ,association4 ,x has s9ce fall5 into my h&s1 & ,i mu/ digress f my int5tion ( exhibit+ ! condition ( wom5 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! _w1 9 ord] to make "s rem>ks on ?is extraord9>y docum5t4 ,i am p]suad$ t :5 ! m9ds ( m5 & wom5 become emancipat$ f ! ?raldom ( sup]/ition & #8traditions ( m51' ! s5tim5ts conta9$ 9 ! ,pa/oral ,lett] w be recurr$ to ) z mu* a/oni%m5t z ! op9ions ( ,cotton ,ma!r & o!r di/+ui%$ m5 ( 8 day1 on ! subject ( wit*craft2 nor w x be deem$ less wond]ful1 t a body ( div9es %\ld gravely assemble & endeavor to prove t woman has no "r to #8op5 h] m\? = ! dumb1' ?an x n[ is t judges %\ld h sat on ! trials ( wit*es1 & solemnly condemn$ n9ete5 p]sons & "o dog to dea? = wit*craft4 ,b to ! lett]4 ,x says1 #8,we invite y\r att5tion to ! dang]s :i* at pres5t seem to ?reat5 ! ,,female ,,"* ) wide-spread & p]man5t injury4' ,i rejoice t !y h call$ ! att5tion ( my sex to ?is subject1 because ,i believe if woman inve/igates x1 %e w soon discov] t dang] is imp5d+1 ?\gh f a totally diff]5t s\rce f t :i* ! ,association appreh5ds1--dang] f ^? :o1 hav+ long held ! re9s ( usurp$ au?ority1 are unwill+ to p]mit u to fill t sph]e :i* ,god creat$ u to move 91 & :o h ent]$ into league to cru% ! immortal m9d ( woman4 ,i rejoice1 because ,i am p]suad$ t ! rights ( woman1 l ! rights ( slaves1 ne$ only be exam9$ to be und]/ood & ass]t$1 ev5 by "s ( ^?1 :o are n[ endeavor+ to smo!r ! irrepressible desire = m5tal & spiritual fre$om :i* gl[s 9 ! brea/ ( _m1 :o h>dly d>e to speak _! s5tim5ts4 #8,! appropriate duties & influ5ce ( wom5 are cle>ly /at$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,^? duties are unobtrusive & private1 b ! s\rces ( mighty p[]4 ,:5 ! mild1 dep5d5t1 s(t5+ influ5ce ( woman ^u ! /]nness ( man's op9ions is fully ex]cis$1 society feels ! effects ( x 9 a ?\s& ways4' ,no "o c desire m e>ne/ly ?an ,i d1 t woman may move exactly 9 ! sph]e :i* h] ,creator has assign$ h]2 & ,i believe h] hav+ be5 displac$ f t sph]e has introduc$ confusion into ! _w4 ,x is1 !re=e1 ( va/ importance to h]self & to all ! rational creation1 t %e %\ld asc]ta9 :at are h] duties & h] privileges z a responsible & immortal be+4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t has be5 ref]r$ to1 & ,i am will+ to abide by its decisions1 b mu/ ent] my prote/ aga9/ ! false translation ( "s passages by ! ,,m5 :o did t "w1 & aga9/ ! p]v]t$ int]pretation by ! ,,m5 :o und]took to write comm5t>ies !reon4 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k1 :5 we are admitt$ to ! honor ( /udy+ ,greek & ,hebrew1 we %all produce "s v>i\s read+s ( ! ,bible a little diff]5t f ^? we n[ h4 ,! ,"l ,jesus def9es ! duties ( 8 foll[]s 9 8 ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt4 ,he lays d[n gr& pr9ciples by :i* !y %\ld be gov]n$1 )\t any ref]5ce to sex or condition3--#8,ye are ! light ( ! _w4 ,a city t is set on a hill _c be hid4 ,nei!r d m5 light a c&le & put x "u a bu%el1 b on a c&le/ick1 & x give? light unto all t are 9 ! h\se4 ,let y\r light s %9e be=e m51 t !y may see y\r good works1 & glorify y\r ,fa!r :i* is 9 ,heav54' ,i foll[ him ?r\gh all 8 precepts1 & f9d him giv+ ! same directions to wom5 z to m51 nev] ev5 ref]r+ to ! di/9ction n[ s /r5u\sly insi/$ ^u betwe5 mascul9e & fem99e virtues3 ?is is "o ( ! anti-*ri/ian #8traditions ( m5' :i* are taught in/ead ( ! #8comm&m5ts ( ,god4' ,m5 & wom5 7 ,,creat$ ,,equal2 !y are bo? moral & acc\ntable be+s1 & :atev] is "r = man to d1 is "r = woman4 ,b ! influ5ce ( woman1 says ! ,association1 is to be private & unobtrusive2 h] light is n to %9e be=e man l t ( h] bre?r52 b %e is passively to let ! lords ( ! creation1 z !y call !mselves1 put ! bu%el ov] x1 le/ p]adv5ture x might appe> t ! _w has be5 b5efitt$ by ! rays ( h] c&le4 ,s t h] qu5*$ light1 accord+ to _! judgm5t1 w be ( m use ?an if x 7 set on ! c&le/ick4 #8,h] influ5ce is ! s\rce ( mighty p[]4' ,?is has ev] be5 ! flatt]+ language ( man s9ce he laid aside ! :ip z a means to keep woman 9 subjection4 ,he sp>es h] body2 b ! w> he has wag$ aga9/ h] m9d1 h] he>t1 & h] s\l1 has be5 no less de/ructive to h] z a moral be+4 ,h[ mon/r\s1 h[ anti-*ri/ian1 is ! doctr9e t woman is to be dep5d5t on man6 ,:]e1 9 all ! sacr$ ,scriptures1 is ?is taught8 ,alas6 %e has too well le>n$ ! lesson :i* ,,man has labor$ to tea* h]4 ,%e has surr5d]$ h] de>e/ ,,rights1 & be5 satisfi$ ) ! privileges :i* man has assum$ to grant h]2 %e has be5 amus$ ) ! %[ ( p[]1 :il/ man has absorb$ all ! reality into himself4 ,he has adorn$ ! creature :om ,god gave him z a companion1 ) baubles & gewgaws1 turn$ h] att5tion to p]sonal attractions1 (f]$ inc5se to h] vanity1 & made h] ! in/rum5t ( 8 selfi% gratification1 a play-?+ to please 8 eye & amuse 8 h\rs ( leisure4 #8,rule by ob$i5ce & by submission sway1' or 9 o!r words1 /udy to be a hypocrite1 pret5d to submit1 b ga9 y\r po9t1 has be5 ! code ( h\sehold morality :i* woman has be5 taught4 ,! poet has sung1 9 sickly /ra9s1 ! lovel9ess ( woman's dep5d5ce ^u man1 & n[ we f9d x re-e*o$ by ^? :o pr(ess to tea* ! religion ( ! ,bible4 ,god says1 #8,cease ye f man ^: brea? is 9 8 no/rils1 = :]e9 is he to be acc\nt$ (8' ,man says1 dep5d ^u me4 ,god says1 #8,,he w tea* u ( 8 ways4' ,man says1 believe x n1 ,i am to be y\r tea*]4 ,?is doctr9e ( dep5d5ce ^u man is utt]ly at v>iance ) ! doctr9e ( ! ,bible4 ,9 t book ,i f9d no?+ l ! s(tness ( woman1 nor ! /]nness ( man3 bo? are equally comm&$ to br+ =? ! fruits ( ! ,_s1 love1 meekness1 g5tl5ess1 c4 ,b we are told1 #8! p[] ( woman is 9 h] dep5d5ce1 fl[+ f a consci\sness ( t weakness :i* ,god has giv5 h] = h] protection4' ,if physical weakness is allud$ to1 ,i *e]fully conc$e ! sup]iority2 if brute =ce is :at my bre?r5 are claim+1 ,i am will+ to let !m h all ! honor !y desire2 b if !y mean to intimate1 t m5tal or moral weakness belongs to woman1 m ?an to man1 ,i utt]ly disclaim ! *>ge4 ,our p[]s ( m9d h be5 cru%$1 z f> z man c\ld d x1 our s5se ( morality has be5 impair$ by 8 int]pretation ( our duties2 b no :]e does ,god say t he made any di/9ction betwe5 u1 z moral & intellig5t be+s4 #8,we appreciate1' say ! ,association1 #8! uno/5tati\s pray]s & ef=ts ( woman 9 advanc+ ! cause ( religion at home & abroad1 9 lead+ religi\s inquir]s ,,to ,,! ,,pa/or = in/ruction4' ,sev]al po9ts "h dem& att5tion4 ,if public pray]s & public ef=ts are necess>ily o/5tati\s1 !n #8,anna ! prophetess1 7or prea*]17 :o dep>t$ n f ! temple1 b s]v$ ,god ) fa/+s & pray]s night & day1' #8& spake ( ,*ri/ to all !m t look$ = r$emption 9 ,israel1' 0 o/5tati\s 9 h] ef=ts4 ,!n1 ! apo/le ,paul enc\rages wom5 to be o/5tati\s 9 _! ef=ts to spread ! gospel1 :5 he gives !m directions h[ !y %\ld appe>1 :5 engag$ 9 pray+1 or prea*+ 9 ! public assemblies4 ,!n1 ! :ole association ( ,congregational m9i/]s are o/5tati\s1 9 ! ef=ts !y are mak+ 9 prea*+ & pray+ to conv]t s\ls4 ,b woman may be p]mitt$ to lead religi\s inquir]s to ! ,,pa/ors = in/ruction4 ,n[ ?is is assum+ t all pa/ors are bett] qualifi$ to give in/ruction ?an woman4 ,?is ,i utt]ly d5y4 ,i h suff]$ too ke5ly f ! tea*+ ( man1 to lead any "o to him = in/ruction4 ,! ,"l ,jesus says1--#8,come unto me & le>n ( me4' ,he po9ts 8 foll[]s to no man2 & :5 woman is made ! favor$ in/rum5t ( r\s+ a s9n] to 8 lo/ & helpless condition1 %e has no "r to sub/itute any tea*] = ,*ri/2 all %e has to d is1 to turn ! contrite inquir] to ! #8,lamb ( ,god :i* take? away ! s9s ( ! _w4' ,m s\ls h probably be5 lo/ by go+ d[n to ,egypt = help1 & by tru/+ 9 man 9 ! e>ly /ages ( religi\s exp]i5ce1 ?an by any o!r error4 ,in/ead ( ! petition be+ (f]$ to ,god1--#8,lead me 9 ?y tru?1 & ,,tea* me1 = ?\ art ! ,god ( my salvation1'--in/ead ( rely+ on ! preci\s promises--#8,:at man is he t fe>e? ! ,"l8 him %all ,,he ,,tea* 9 ! way t he %all *oose'--#8,i w in/ruct !e & ,,tea* !e 9 ! way :i* ?\ %alt g--,i w guide !e ) m9e eye'--! "y conv]t is direct$ to g to man1 z if he 7 9 ! place ( ,god1 & 8 in/ructions ess5tial to an advancem5t 9 ! pa? ( righte\sness4 ,t woman c h b a poor conception ( ! privilege ( be+ taught ( ,god1 :at he alone c tea*1 :o w\ld turn ! #8religi\s inquir] aside' f ! f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]s1 :]e he might slake 8 ?ir/ = spiritual in/ruction1 to ^? brok5 ci/]ns :i* c hold no wat]1 & !re=e _c satisfy ! pant+ _s4 ,! bus9ess ( m5 & wom51 :o are ,,orda9$ ,,( ,,god to prea* ! unse>*able ri*es ( ,*ri/ to a lo/ & p]i%+ _w1 is to lead s\ls to ,*ri/1 & n to ,pa/ors = in/ruction4 ,! ,g5]al ,association say1 t #8:5 woman assumes ! place & tone ( man z a public re=m]1 our c>e & protection ( h] seem unnecess>y2 we put ourselves 9 self-def5ce aga9/ h]1 & h] "* becomes unnatural4' ,"h aga9 ! unscriptural notion is held up1 t !re is a di/9ction betwe5 ! duties ( m5 & wom5 z moral be+s2 t :at is virtue 9 man1 is vice 9 woman2 & wom5 :o d>e to obey ! comm& ( ,jehovah1 #8,cry al\d1 sp>e n1 lift up ?y voice l a trumpet1 & %[ my p _! transgression1' are ?reat5$ ) hav+ ! protection ( ! bre?r5 )drawn4 ,if ?is is all !y d1 we %all n ev5 "k ! "t :5 our *a/isem5t is inflict$2 our tru/ is 9 ! ,"l ,jehovah1 & 9 him is ev]-la/+ /r5g?4 ,! motto ( woman1 :5 %e is engag$ 9 ! great "w ( public re=mation %\ld be1--#8,! ,"l is my light & my salvation2 :om %all ,i fe>8 ,! ,"l is ! /r5g? ( my life2 ( :om %all ,i be afraid8' ,%e mu/ feel1 if %e feels rightly1 t %e is fulfill+ "o ( ! important duties laid ^u h] z an acc\ntable be+1 & t h] "*1 in/ead ( be+ #8unnatural1' is 9 exact accordance ) ! w ( ,him to :om1 & to no o!r1 %e is responsible = ! tal5ts & ! gifts confid$ to h]4 ,z to ! pretty simile1 introduc$ into ! #8,pa/oral ,lett]1' #8,if ! v9e ^: /r5g? & beauty is to lean ^u ! trellis "w1 & half conceal its clu/]s1 ?9ks to assume ! indep5d5ce & ! ov]%ad[+ nature ( ! elm1' c4 ,i %all only rem>k t x might well suit ! poet's fancy1 :o s+s ( sp>kl+ eyes & coral lips1 & knights 9 armor clad2 b x seems to me utt]ly inconsi/5t ) ! dignity ( a ,*ri/ian body1 to endeavor to draw su* an anti-scriptural di/9ction betwe5 m5 & wom54 ,ah6 h[ _m ( my sex feel 9 ! dom9ion1 ?us unrighte\sly ex]cis$ ov] !m1 "u ! g5tle appellation ( protection1 t :at !y h lean$ ^u has prov$ a brok5 re$ at be/1 & (t a spe>4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,iv4 ,,social ,,int]c\rse ,,( ,,! ,,sexes4 ,&ov]1 #g? ,mo4 #bg?1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,fri5d1--,be=e ,i proce$ ) ! acc\nt ( t oppression :i* woman has suff]$ 9 e age & c\ntry f h] protector1 man1 p]mit me to (f] = y\r consid]ation1 "s views relative to ! social int]c\rse ( ! sexes4 ,ne>ly ! :ole ( ?is int]c\rse is1 9 my appreh5sion1 d]ogatory to man & woman1 z moral & intellectual be+s4 ,we approa* ea* o!r1 & m+le ) ea* o!r1 "u ! con/ant pressure ( a feel+ t we are ( diff]5t sexes2 &1 in/ead ( reg>d+ ea* o!r only 9 ! light ( immortal creatures1 ! m9d is fett]$ by ! idea :i* is e>ly & indu/ri\sly infus$ into x1 t we mu/ nev] =get ! di/9ction betwe5 male & female4 ,h5ce our int]c\rse1 in/ead ( be+ elevat$ & ref9$1 is g5]ally calculat$ to excite & keep alive ! l[e/ prop5sities ( our nature4 ,no?+1 ,i believe1 has t5d$ m to de/roy ! true dignity ( woman1 ?an ! fact t %e is approa*$ by man 9 ! "* ( a female4 ,! idea t %e is s\ght z an intellig5t & heav5-born creature1 ^: society w *e]1 ref9e & elevate h] companion1 & t %e w receive ! same bless+s %e conf]s1 is r>ely held up to h] view4 ,on ! contr>y1 man almo/ always addresses himself to ! weakness ( woman4 ,by flatt]y1 by an appeal to h] passions1 he seeks access to h] he>t2 & :5 he has ga9$ h] affections1 he uses h] z ! in/rum5t ( 8 pleasure--! m9i/] ( 8 temporal com=t4 ,he furni%es himself ) a h\sekeep]1 ^: *ief bus9ess is 9 ! kit*51 or ! nurs]y4 ,& :il/ he goes abroad & enjoys ! means ( improvem5t af=d$ by collision ( intellect ) cultivat$ m9ds1 8 wife is condemn$ to draw ne>ly all h] in/ruction f books1 if %e has "t to p]use !m2 & if n1 f h] m$itations1 :il/ engag$ 9 ^? dome/ic duties1 :i* are necess>y = ! com=t ( h] "l & ma/]4 ,surely no "o :o contemplates1 ) ! eye ( a ,*ri/ian philosoph]1 ! design ( ,god 9 ! creation ( woman1 c believe t %e is n[ fulfill+ t design4 ,! lit]al translation ( ! ^w #8help-meet' is a help] l unto himself2 x is s r5d]$ 9 ! ,septuag9t1 & manife/ly signifies a companion4 ,n[ ,i believe x w be impossible = woman to fill ! /ation assign$ h] by ,god1 until h] bre?r5 m+le ) h] z an equal1 z a moral be+2 & lose1 9 ! dignity ( h] immortal nature1 & 9 ! fact ( h] be>+ l himself ! image & sup]scription ( h] ,god1 ! idea ( h] be+ a female4 ,! apo/le beautifully rem>ks1 #8,z _m ( y z h be5 baptiz$ into ,*ri/1 h put on ,*ri/4 ,!re is nei!r ,jew nor ,greek1 !re is nei!r bond nor free1 !re is nei!r male nor female2 = ye are all "o 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4' ,until our int]c\rse is purifi$ by ! =getfulness ( sex1--until we rise above ! pres5t l[ & sordid views :i* entw9e !mselves ar\nd our social & dome/ic int]*ange ( s5tim5t & feel+s1 we nev] c d]ive t b5efit f ea* o!r's society :i* x is ! design ( our ,creator t we %\ld4 ,man has inflict$ an unspeakable injury ^u woman1 by hold+ up to h] view h] animal nature1 & plac+ 9 ! back gr\nd h] moral & intellectual be+4 ,woman has inflict$ an injury ^u h]self by submitt+ to be ?us reg>d$2 & %e is n[ call$ ^u to rise f ! /ation :]e man1 n ,god1 has plac$ h]1 & claim ^? sacr$ & inali5able rights1 z a moral & responsible be+1 ) :i* h] ,creator has inve/$ h]4 ,:at b ^! views1 s d]ogatory to ! "* ( woman1 c\ld h call$ =? ! rem>k conta9$ 9 ! ,pa/oral ,lett]8 #8,we especially deplore ! intimate acqua9tance & promiscu\s conv]sation ( females ) reg>d to ?+s 8:i* ought n to be nam$10 by :i* t mode/y & delicacy1 :i* is ! *>m ( dome/ic life1 & :i* con/itutes ! true influ5ce ( woman1 is consum$4' ,h[ wond]ful t ! conceptions ( man relative to woman are s l[1 t he _c p]ceive t %e may conv]se on any subject connect$ ) ! improvem5t ( h] species1 )\t sw]v+ 9 ! lea/ f t mode/y :i* is "o ( h] greate/ virtues6 ,is x design$ to ins9uate t woman %\ld possess a great] degree ( mode/y ?an man8 ,?is idea ,i utt]ly reprobate4 ,or is x suppos$ t woman _c g into sc5es ( mis]y1 ! necess>y result ( ^? v ?+s1 :i* ! ,pa/oral ,lett] says ought n to be nam$1 = ! purpose ( moral re=m1 )\t becom+ contam9at$ by ^? ) :om %e ?us m+les8 ,?is is a false position2 & ,i presume has gr[n out ( ! nev]-=gott5 di/9ction ( male & female4 ,! woman :o goes =?1 clad 9 ! panoply ( ,god1 to /em ! tide ( iniquity & mis]y1 :i* %e beholds roll+ ?r\gh our l&1 goes n =? to h] labor ( love z a female4 ,%e goes z ! dignifi$ mess5g] ( ,jehovah1 & all %e does & says mu/ be done & said irrespective ( sex4 ,%e is 9 duty b\nd to communicate ) all1 :o are able & will+ to aid h] 9 sav+ h] fell[ creatures1 bo? m5 & wom51 f t de/ruction :i* awaits !m4 ,s f> f woman los+ any ?+ ( ! purity ( h] m9d1 by visit+ ! wret*$ victims ( vice 9 _! mis]able abodes1 by talk+ ) !m1 or ( !m1 %e becomes m & m elevat$ & ref9$ 9 h] feel+s & views4 ,:ile labor+ to cleanse ! m9ds ( o!rs f ! mal>ia ( moral pollution1 h] own he>t becomes purifi$1 & h] s\l rises to ne>] communion ) h] ,god4 ,su* a woman is inf9itely bett] qualifi$ to fulfil ! duties ( a wife & a "m1 ?an ! woman ^: false delicacy leads h] to %un h] fall5 si/] & bro!r1 & %r9k f nam+ ^? s9s :i* %e kn[s exi/1 b :i* %e is too fa/idi\s to labor by de$ & by ^w to ext]m9ate4 ,su* a woman feels :5 %e ent]s ^u ! m>riage relation1 t ,god design$ t relation n to debase h] to a level ) ! animal creation1 b to increase ! happ9ess & dignity ( 8 creatures4 ,su* a woman comes to ! important task ( tra9+ h] *ildr5 9 ! nurture & admonition ( ! ,"l1 ) a s\l fill$ ) ! greatness ( ! be+s committ$ to h] *>ge4 ,%e sees 9 h] *ildr51 creatures be>+ ! image ( ,god2 & %e approa*es !m ) rev]5ce1 & treats !m at all times z moral & acc\ntable be+s4 ,h] own m9d be+ purifi$ & elevat$1 %e in/ils into h] *ildr5 t g5u9e religion :i* induces !m to keep ! comm&m5ts ( ,god4 ,in/ead ( m9i/]+ ) ceaseless c>e to _! s5sual appetites1 %e tea*es !m to be temp]ate 9 all ?+s4 ,%e c conv]se ) h] *ildr5 on any subject relat+ to _! duty to ,god1 c po9t _! att5tion to ^? vices :i* degrade & brutify human nature1 )\t 9 ! lea/ defil+ h] own m9d or !irs4 ,%e views h]self1 & tea*es h] *ildr5 to reg>d !mselves z moral be+s2 & 9 all _! int]c\rse ) _! fell[ m51 to lose ! animal nature ( man & woman1 9 ! recognition ( t immortal m9d :]e) ,jehovah has bless$ & enri*$ !m4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,v4 ,,condition ,,9 ,,asia ,,& ,,africa4 ,groton1 #h? ,mo4 #d?1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,i design to devote ?is lett] to a brief exam9ation ( ! condition ( wom5 9 ,asia & ,africa4 ,i believe x w be f\nd t m51 9 ! ex]cise ( _! usurp$ dom9ion ov] woman1 h almo/ inv>iably done "o ( two ?+s4 ,!y h ei!r made slaves ( ! creatures :om ,god design$ to be _! companions & _! coadjutors 9 e moral & intellectual improvem5t1 or !y h dress$ !m l dolls1 & us$ !m z toys to amuse _! h\rs ( recreation4 ,i %all comm5ce by /at+ ! degrad+ practice ( ,,sell+ ,,wom51 :i* we f9d preval5t 9 almo/ all ! ,ea/]n nations4 ,among ! ,jews1-- #8,:oev] wi%$ = a wife mu/ pay ! p>5ts = h]1 or p]=m a /ipulat$ p]iod ( s]vice2 sometimes ! p>ties 7 solemnly betro!d 9 *ildhood1 & ! price ( ! bride /ipulat$4' ,9 ,babylon1 !y _h a ye>ly cu/om ( a peculi> k9d4 #8,9 e di/rict1 ?ree m51 respectable = _! virtue1 7 *os5 to conduct all ! m>riageable girls to ! public assembly4 ,"h !y 7 put up at auction by ! public cri]1 :ile ! magi/rate presid$ ov] ! sales4 ,! mo/ beautiful 7 sold fir/1 & ! ri* cont5d$ eag]ly = a *oice4 ,! mo/ ugly1 or de=m$ girl 0 sold next 9 succession to ! h&some/1 & assign$ to any p]son :o w\ld take h] ) ! lea/ sum ( money4 ,! price giv5 = ! beautiful 0 divid$ into d[ries = ! homely4' ,two ?+s may "h be notic$2 fir/1 ! value set ^u p]sonal *>ms1 j z a h&some horse comm&s a high price2 & second1 ! utt] disreg>d :i* is manife/$ t[>ds ! feel+s ( woman4 #8,9 no "p ( ! _w does ! condition ( wom5 appe> m dre>y ?an 9 ,h9do/an4 ,! arbitr>y p[] ( a fa!r disposes ( !m 9 *ildhood4 ,:5 !y are m>ri$1 _! husb&s h despotic control ov] !m2 if unable to support !m1 !y c l5d or sell !m to a neighbor1 & 9 ! ,h9doo rage = gambl+1 wives & *ildr5 are frequ5tly /ak$ & lo/4 ,if !y survive _! husb&s1 !y mu/ pay implicit ob$i5ce to ! olde/ son2 if !y h no sons1 ! ne>e/ male relation holds !m 9 subjection2 & if !re happ5 to be no k9sm51 !y mu/ be dep5d5t on ! *ief ( ! tribe4' ,ev5 ! ,engli%1 :o are num]\s 9 ,h9do/an1 h trad$ 9 wom54 #8,india has be5 a great m>riage m>ket1 on acc\nt ( ! emigration ( "y ent]pris+ ,engli%m51 )\t a correspond+ numb] ( wom54 ,"s p]sons actually import$ wom5 to ! ,briti% settlem5ts1 9 ord] to sell !m to ri* ,europeans1 or nabobs1 :o w\ld give a good price = !m4 ,h[ ! import]s acquir$ a "r ?us to dispose ( !m is n m5tion$2 x is probable t ! wom5 !mselves1 f extreme pov]ty1 or "s o!r cause1 cons5t$ to become articles ( speculation1 ^u consid]ation ( receiv+ a c]ta9 remun]ation4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahah1 ! foll[+ adv]tisem5t appe>$ 9 ! ,calcutta ,adv]tis]3 ,,females ,,raffl$ ,,=4 ,be x kn[n1 t six fair pretty "y ladies1 ) two sweet engag+ *ildr51 lately import$ f ,europe1 hav+ ! roses ( heal? bloom+ on _! *eeks1 & joy sp>kl+ 9 _! eyes1 possess+ amiable temp]s & highly accompli%$1 :om ! mo/ indiff]5t _c behold )\t rapture1 are to be raffl$ = next door to ! ,briti% gall]y4' ,! enemy ( all good c\ld n h devis$ a bett] means ( debas+ an immortal creature1 ?an by turn+ h] into a saleable commodity2 & h5ce we f9d t :]ev] ?is cu/om prevails1 woman is reg>d$ z a m]e ma*9e to answ] ! purposes ( dome/ic combat or s5sual indulg5ce1 or to gratify ! ta/e ( h] oppressor by a display ( p]sonal attractions4 #8,weigh$ 9 ! balance ) a tyrant's gold1 ,?\gh nature ca/ h] 9 a heav5ly m\ld4' ,i %all n[ take a brief survey ( ! ,,employm5ts ( wom5 9 ,asia & ,africa4 ,9 do+ ?is1 ,i h two objects 9 view2 fir/ to %[1 t wom5 are capable ( acquir+ z great physical p[] z m51 & secondly to %[1 t !y h be5 m or less ! victims ( oppression & contempt4 #8,! occupations ( ! anci5t ,jewi% wom5 7 labori\s4 ,!y sp5t _! "t 9 sp9n+ & weav+ clo? = g>m5ts1 & = ! cov]+ ( ! t5ts1 9 cook+ ! food1 t5d+ ! flocks1 gr9d+ ! corn1 & draw+ wat] f ! wells4' ,( ,trojan wom5 we "k little1 b we f9d t-- #8,&roma*e1 ?\gh a pr9cess & well belov$ by h] husb&1 f$ & took c>e ( ! horses ( ,hector4' ,s 9 ,p]sia1 wom5 ( ! middl+ class see t prop] c>e is tak5 ( ! horses4 ,!y likewise d all ! labori\s "p ( ! h\se "w4 #8,! ,h9doo wom5 are engag$ 9 e v>iety ( occupation1 accord+ to ! ca/e ( _! husb&s4 ,!y cultivate ! l&1 make baskets & mats1 br+ wat] 9 j>s1 c>ry manure & v>i\s o!r articles to m>ket 9 baskets on _! heads1 cook food1 t5d *ildr51 weave clo?1 reel ?read & w9d cocoons4' #8,! ,?ibetian wom5 ( ! labor+ classes are inur$ to a great deal ( toil4 ,!y plant1 we$1 reap1 & ?re% gra91 & are expos$ to ! r\ghe/ wea!r1 :ile _! indol5t husb&s are p]haps liv+ at _! ease4' #8,females ( ! l[] classes among ! ,*9ese endure z mu* labor & fatigue z ! m54 ,a wife sometimes drags ! pl\gh 9 rice fields ) an infant ti$ ^u h] back1 :ile h] husb& p]=ms ! less ardu\s task ( hold+ ! pl\gh4' #8,! ,t>t> wom5 9 g5]al p]=m a great] %>e ( labor ?an ! m52 = x is a preval5t op9ion t !y 7 s5t into ! _w = no o!r purpose1 b to be useful & conv5i5t ,,slaves to ! /rong] sex4' #8,among "s ( ! ,t>t> tribes ( ! pres5t day1 females manage a horse1 hurl a javel91 hunt wild animals1 & fight an enemy z well z ! m54' #8,9 ! isl& ( ,sumatra1 ! wom5 d all ! "w1 :ile _! husb&s l\nge 9 idl5ess1 play+ on ! flute1 ) wrea?s ( globe am>an? on _! heads1 or rac+ ) ea* o!r1 )\t saddle or /irrup1 or hunt+ de]1 or gambl+ away _! wives1 _! *ildr51 or !mselves4 ,! ,battas consid] _! wives & *ildr5 z slaves1 & sell !m :5ev] !y *oose4' #8,! ,moors are indol5t to excess4 ,!y lie :ole days ^u _! mats1 sleep+ & smok+1 :ile ! wom5 & slaves p]=m all ! labor4 ,ow+ to _! uncleanly habits1 !y are mu* infe/$ ) v]m92 & z !y consid] x b5ea? _! dignity to remove ?is annoyance1 ! task is impos$ on ! wom54 ,!y are v impati5t & tyrannical1 & = ! slighte/ (f5ce beat _! wives mo/ cruelly4' ,9 look+ ov] ! condition ( woman z del9eat$ 9 ?is lett]1 h[ amply d we f9d ! prophecy ( ,jehovah to ,eve fulfill$1 #8,?y husb& w rule ov] !e4' ,& yet we p]ceive t :]e ! physical /r5g? ( woman is call$ into ex]cise1 !re is no inf]iority ev5 9 ?is respect2 %e p]=ms ! labor1 :ile man enjoys :at are t]m$ ! pleasures ( life4 ,i h ?\ght x necess>y to adduce v>i\s pro(s ( my ass]tion1 t m5 h always 9 "s way reg>d$ wom5 z m]e in/rum5ts ( selfi% gratification2 & hope ?is sorr[ful detail ( ! wrongs ( woman w n be t$i\s to !e4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,vi4 ,,wom5 ,,9 ,,asia ,,& ,,africa4 ,groton1 #h? ,mo4 #ae?1 #ahcg4 ,,de> ,,fri5d1--,9 pursu+ ! hi/ory ( woman 9 diff]5t ages & c\ntries1 x w be necess>y to exhibit h] 9 all ! v>i\s situations 9 :i* %e has be5 plac$4 ,we f9d h] sometimes fill+ ! ?rone1 & ex]cis+ ! functions ( royalty4 ,! "n ( ,semiramis is famili> to e read] ( anci5t hi/ory4 ,%e succe$$ ,n9us 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,assyrian empire2 & to r5d] h] "n immortal1 built ! city ( ,babylon4 ,two millions ( m5 7 con/antly employ$ ^u x4 ,c]ta9 dykes built by ord] ( ?is que51 to def5d ! city f inundations1 are spok5 ( z admirable4 ,nicotris1 wife ( ,nabonadius1 ! ,evil-,m]oda* ( ,scripture1 0 a woman ( great end[m5ts4 ,:ile h] husb& indulg$ 9 a life ( ease & pleasure1 %e manag$ ! affairs ( /ate ) wisdom & prud5ce4 #8,z5obia que5 ( ,palmyra & ! ,ea/1 is ! mo/ rem>kable among ,asiatic wom54 ,h] g5ius /ruggl$ ) & ov]came all ! ob/acles pres5t$ by ori5tal laws & cu/oms4 ,%e knew ! ,lat91 ,greek1 ,syriac1 & ,egyptian languages2 & _h drawn up = h] own use an abridgem5t ( ori5tal hi/ory4 ,%e 0 ! companion & fri5d ( h] husb&1 & accompani$ him on 8 hunt+ excursions ) eag]ness & c\rage equal to 8 own4 ,%e despis$ ! effem9acy ( a cov]$ c>riage1 & (t5 appe>$ on horseback 9 milit>y co/ume4 ,sometimes %e m>*$ sev]al miles on foot1 at ! head ( ! troops4 ,hav+ rev5g$ ! murd] ( h] husb&1 %e asc5d$ ! ?rone1 & = five ye>s gov]n$ ,palmyra1 ,syria1 & ! ,ea/1 ) wond]ful /ead9ess & wisdom4' #8,previ\s to ! introduction ( ,mohamm$ism into ,java1 wom5 (t5 held ! highe/ (fices ( gov]nm5t2 & :5 ! *ief ( a di/rict dies1 x is ev5 n[ n uncommon = ! wid[ to reta9 ! au?ority t belong$ to h] deceas$ husb&4' ,o!r in/ances might be adduc$ to prove t !re is no natural inf]iority 9 woman4 ,n t ,i approve ( woman's hold+ ! re9s ( gov]nm5t ov] man4 ,i ma9ta9 t !y are equal1 & t ,god nev] inve/$ fall5 man ) unlimit$ p[] ov] 8 fell[ man2 & ,i rejoice t circum/ances h prev5t$ woman f be+ m deeply involv$ 9 ! guilt :i* appe>s to be insep>able f political affairs4 ,! few in/ances :i* ,i h m5tion$ prove t intellect is n sex$2 & d\btless if woman _h n almo/ univ]sally be5 depress$ & degrad$1 ! page ( hi/ory w\ld h exhibit$ z _m em95t /atesm5 & politicians among wom5 z m54 ,we are mu* 9 ! situation ( ! slave4 ,man has ass]t$ & assum$ au?ority ov] u4 ,he has1 by virtue ( 8 p[]1 depriv$ u ( ! advantages ( improvem5t :i* he has lavi%ly be/[$ ^u himself1 & !n1 aft] hav+ done all he c to take f u ! means ( prov+ our equality1 & our capability ( m5tal cultivation1 he ?r[s ^u u ! burd5 ( pro( t ,god creat$ man & woman equal1 & end[$ !m1 )\t any ref]5ce to sex1 ) intellig5ce & responsibilities1 z rational & acc\ntable be+s4 ,h5ce 9 ,h9do/an1 ev5 wom5 ( ! high] classes are =bidd5 to read or write2 because ! ,h9doos ?9k x w\ld inevitably spoil !m = dome/ic life1 & assur$ly br+ "s great mis=tune ^u !m4 ,may we n trace to ! same feel+1 ! disadvantages "u :i* wom5 labor ev5 9 ?is c\ntry1 = want ( an education1 :i* w\ld call into ex]cise ! p[]s ( h] m9d1 & =tify h] s\l ) ^? great moral pr9ciples by :i* %e w\ld be qualifi$ to fill e dep>tm5t 9 social1 dome/ic & religi\s life ) dignity8 ,9 ,h9do/an1 ! evid5ce ( wom5 is n receiv$ 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice4 ,9 ,burmah1 _! te/imony is n deem$ equal to t ( a man1 & !y are n all[$ to asc5d ! /eps ( a c\rt ( ju/ice1 b are oblig$ to give _! te/imony outside ( ! build+4 ,9 ,sib]ia1 wom5 are n all[$ to /ep across ! foot-pr9ts ( m51 or re9de]2 !y are n all[$ to eat ) m51 or to p>take ( p>ticul> da9ties4 ,among _m tribes1 !y seem to be reg>d$ z impure1 unholy be+s4 #8,! ,mohamm$an law =bids pigs1 dogs1 wom5 & o!r impure animals to ent] a mosque2 & ! h\r ( pray]s mu/ n be proclaim$ by a female1 a madman1 a drunk>d1 or a decrepit p]son4' ,"h ,i am rem9d$ ( ! resemblance betwe5 ! situation ( wom5 9 hea!n & ,mohamm$an c\ntries1 & our bre?r5 & si/]s ( color 9 ?is ,*ri/ian l&1 :]e !y are despis$ & ca/ out z ?\gh !y 7 unclean4 ,& on precisely ! same gr\nd1 because !y are said to be inf]ior4 ,! treatm5t ( wom5 z wives is almo/ uni=mly ! same 9 all hea!n c\ntries4 ,! anci5t ,lydians are ! only exception t ,i h met )1 & ! orig9 ( _! peculi> cu/oms is s mu* obscur$ by fable1 t x is difficult to asc]ta9 ! tru?4 ,probably !y arose f "s great b5efit conf]r$ on ! /ate by wom54 ,among ! ,druses :o reside 9 ! m\nta9s ( ! ,anti ,libanus1 a wife is (t5 divorc$ on ! slighte/ pretext4 ,if %e ask h] husb&'s p]mission to g out1 & he says1--#8,g1' )\t add+ #8b come back aga91' %e is divorc$4 ,9 ,sib]ia1 x is consid]$ a wife's duty to obey ! mo/ caprici\s & unreasonable dem&s ( h] husb&1 )\t "o ^w ( expo/ulation or inquiry4 ,if h] ma/] be dissatisfi$ ) ! mo/ trifl+ p>ticul> 9 h] conduct1 he te>s ! cap or veil f h] head1 & ?is con/itutes a divorce4 ,a ,p]sian woman1 "u ! dom9ion ( ! k9de/ ma/]1 is treat$ mu* 9 ! same mann] z a favorite animal4 ,to v>y h] p]sonal graces = 8 pleasure1 is ! sole end & aim ( h] exi/5ce4 ,z moral or intellectual be+s1 x w\ld be bett] = !m to be among ! dead ?an ! liv+4 ,! "m in/ructs h] daught] 9 all ! voluptu\s coquetry1 by :i* %e h]self acquir$ prec>i\s asc5d5cy ov] h] absolute ma/]2 b all t is truly e/imable 9 female "* is utt]ly neglect$4 ,h5ce we f9d wom5 extravagantly fond ( adorn+ _! p]sons4 ,reg>d$ z in/rum5ts ( pleasure1 !y h be5 degrad$ into m]e animals1 & h f\nd _! own gratification pr9cipally 9 ! indulg5ce ( p]sonal vanity1 because _! ext]nal *>ms procur$ = !m1 at lea/ a tempor>y asc5d5cy ov] ^?1 :o held 9 _! h&s ! re9s ( gov]nm5t4 ,a few in/ances mu/ suffice1 or ,i %all exce$ ! limits ,i h prescrib$ to myself 9 ?is lett]4 ,dur+ ! magnific5t prosp]ity ( ,israel1 m>riages 7 conduct$ ) great pomp2 & ) ! progress ( luxury & ref9em5t1 wom5 became exp5sive1 r ?an pr(itable 9 a pecuni>y po9t ( view4 ,h5ce probably arose ! cu/om ( weal?y p>5ts giv+ a h&some d[ry ) _! daught]s4 ,on ! day ( ! nuptials1 ! bride 0 conduct$ by h] female relations to ! ba?1 :]e %e 0 ano9t$ ) ! *oice/ p]fumes1 h] hair p]fum$ & braid$1 h] eyebr[s deep5$ ) black p[d]1 & ! tips ( h] f+]s t+$ ) rose color4 ,%e 0 !n array$ 9 a m>riage robe ( brilliant color2 ! girdle & bracelets 7 m or less co/ly4 ,not)/&+ ! ,*9ese wom5 h no opportunity to rival ea* o!r 9 ! conque/ ( he>ts1 !y are nev]!less v fond ( ornam5ts4 ,bun*es ( silv] or gilt fl[]s are always int]sp]s$ among _! r+lets1 & sometimes !y we> ! ,*9ese phnix made ( silv] gilt4 ,x moves ) ! slighte/ motion ( ! we>]1 & ! spread+ tail =ms a glitt]+ aigrette on ! middle ( ! head1 & ! w+s wave ov] ! front4 ,yet a ,*9ese ballad says1--,! pe>ls & preci\s /ones1 ! silk & gold ) :i* a coquette s /udi\sly b$ecks h]self1 are a transp>5t v>ni% :i* makes all h] defects ! m app>5t4 ,! ,moori% wom5 h g5]ally a great passion = ornam5t4 ,!y decorate _! p]sons ) heavy gold e>-r+s1 necklaces ( amb]1 coral & gold2 gold bracelets2 gold *a9s & silv] bells = ! ankles2 r+s on ! f+]s1 c4 c4 ,! poor] class we> glass beads ar\nd ! head1 & curl ! hair 9 l>ge r+lets4 ,m5 are pr\d ( hav+ _! wives h&somely dress$4 ,! ,moors are n peculi> 9 ?is fancy4 ,*ri/ian m5 /ill admire wom5 :o adorn _! p]sons to gratify ! lu/ ( ! eye & ! pride ( life4 ,wom51 says a ,brahm9ical expositor1 are *>act]iz$ by an inord9ate love ( jewels1 f9e clo!s1 c4 c4 ,i _c d5y ?is *>ge1 b x is only "o among _m in/ances1 :]e9 m5 h reproa*$ u ) ^? v faults & vices :i* _! own treatm5t has eng5d]$4 ,is x any matt] ( surprise t wom51 :5 unnaturally depriv$ ( ! means ( cultivat+ _! m9ds1 ( objects :i* w\ld elevate & ref9e _! passions & affections1 %\ld seek gratification 9 ! toys & ! trifles :i* n[ too g5]ally engage _! att5tion8 ,i _c close ?is1 )\t ackn[l$g+ ! assi/ance & in=mation ,i h d]iv$1 & %all cont9ue to d]ive on ?is "p ( my subject1 f a valuable "w entitl$ #8,condition ( ,wom51 by ,lydia ,m4 ,*ild4' ,x is wor? ! p]usal ( e "o :o is int]e/$ 9 ! subject4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,vii4 ,,condition ,,9 ,,"s ,,p>ts ,,( ,,europe ,,& ,,am]ica4 ,brookl9e1 #h? ,mo41 #bb;d1 #ahcg4 ,,de> ,,si/]1--,i n[ come to ! consid]ation ( ! condition ( woman 9 ,europe4--,9 ?is portion ( ! _w1 %e does n appe> to h be5 z uni=mly or z deeply debas$1 z 9 ,ea/]n c\ntries2 yet we %all f9d little 9 h] hi/ory :i* c yield u satisfaction1 :5 we reg>d ! high /ation %e 0 design$ to occupy z a moral & intellectual be+4 ,9 ,greece1 if we may judge f :at ,eu/a?ius says1 #8wom5 %\ld keep )9 doors1 & !re talk1'--we may conclude1 t 9 g5]al _! occupations 7 *iefly dome/ic4 ,?ucydides also decl>es1 t #8%e 0 ! be/ woman1 ( :om ! lea/ 0 said1 ei!r ( good or ( h>m4' ,! hea!n philosoph]s d\btless wi%$ to keep woman 9 h] #8appropriate sph]e2' & we f9d our cl]ical bre?r5 ( ! pres5t day re-e*o+ ^! pagan s5tim5ts1 & endeavor+ to drive woman f ! field ( moral labor & intellectual culture1 to occupy h] tal5ts 9 ! pursuit ( ^? employm5ts :i* w enable h] to regale ! palate ( h] "l ) ! delicacies ( ! table1 & 9 e possible way m9i/] to 8 animal com=t & gratification4 ,9 my humble op9ion1 woman has long en\gh subs]v$ ! int]e/s ( man2 & 9 ! _s ( self-sacrifice1 submitt$ almo/ )\t remon/rance to 8 oppression2 & n[ t h] att5tion is solicit$ to ! subject ( h] rights1 h] privileges & h] duties1 ,i w\ld entreat h] to d\ble h] dilig5ce 9 ! p]=mance ( all h] obligations z a wife1 a "m1 a si/]1 & a daught]4 ,let u rememb] t our claim to /& on p]fect equality ) our bre?r51 c only be sub/antiat$ by a scrupul\s att5tion to our dome/ic duties1 z well z by aid+ 9 ! great "w ( moral re=mation--a "w :i* is n[ call+ = ! en]gies & consecrat$ p[]s ( e man & woman :o desires to see ! ,r$eem]'s k+dom e/abli%$ on e>?4 ,t man mu/ inde$ be n>r[ m9d$1 & c h b a poor conception ( ! p[] ( moral tru? on ! female he>t1 :o supposes t a correct view ( h] own rights c make woman less solicit\s to fill up e dep>tm5t ( duty4 ,if x %\ld h ?is effect1 x mu/ be because %e has n tak5 a compreh5sive view ( ! :ole subject4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ,rome1 we f9d a little spot ( sun%9e 9 ! valley :]e woman has be5 de/9$ to live1 unable f h] l[ly situation to take an expansive view ( t field ( moral & m5tal improvem5t1 :i* %e %\ld h be5 busy 9 cultivat+4 #8,9 ! e>lie/ & be/ days ( ,rome1 ! fir/ magi/rates & g5]als ( armies pl\gh$ _! own fields1 & ?re%$ _! own gra94 ,integrity1 indu/ry & simplicity1 7 ! prevail+ virtues ( ! times2 & ! "* ( woman 01 z x always mu/ be1 graduat$ 9 a degree by t ( man4 ,columella says1 ,roman husb&s1 hav+ complet$ ! labors ( ! day1 ent]$ _! h\ses free f all c>e1 & !re enjoy$ p]fect repose4 ,!re reign$ union & concord & indu/ry1 support$ by mutual affections4 ,! mo/ beautiful woman dep5d$ = di/9ction on h] economy & endeavors to assi/ 9 cr[n+ h] husb&'s dilig5ce ) prosp]ity4 ,all 0 9 common betwe5 !m2 no?+ 0 ?\ght to belong m to "o ?an ano!r4 ,! wife by h] assiduity & activity )9 doors1 equall$ & second$ ! indu/ry & labor ( h] husb&4' ,9 ! !n /ate ( ! _w1 we may conclude f ?is description1 t woman enjoy$ z mu* happ9ess z 0 consi/5t ) t comp>atively unimprov$ condition ( our species2 b n[ a new & va/ sph]e ( usefulness is op5$ to h]1 & %e is press$ by surr\nd+ circum/ances to come up to ! help ( ! ,"l aga9/ ! giant s9s :i* desolate our belov$ c\ntry4 ,%all woman %r9k f duty 9 ?is exig5cy1 & retir+ )9 h] own dome/ic circle1 delight h]self 9 ! abundance ( h] own selfi% enjoym5ts8 ,%all %e rejoice 9 h] home1 h] husb&1 h] *ildr51 & =get h] bre?r5 & si/]s 9 bondage1 :o "k n :at x is to call a spot ( e>? _! own1 ^: husb&s & wives are torn f !m by rel5tless tyrants1 & ^: *ildr5 are snat*$ f _! arms by _! unfeel+ task-ma/]s1 :5ev] int]e/1 or conv5i5ce1 tempts !m to ?is sacrilegi\s act8 ,%all woman disreg>d ! situation ( ?\s&s ( h] fell[ creatures1 :o are ! victims ( intemp]ance & lic5ti\sness1 & retreat+ to ! privacy ( h] own com=table home1 be satisfi$ t h] :ole duty is p]=m$1 :5 %e c exhibit #8h] *ildr5 well clad & smil+1 & h] table neatly spread ) :olesome provisions8' ,%all %e1 because #8h] h\se is h] home1' refuse h] aid & h] sympa?y to ! d[n trodd5 slave1 to ! poor unhappy outca/s :o are depriv$ ( ^? bless+s :i* %e s highly prizes8 ,did ,god give h] ^? bless+s to /eel h] he>t to ! suff]+s ( h] fell[ creatures8 ,did he grant h] ! possession ( husb& & *ildr51 to dry up ! f\nta9s ( feel+ = ^? :o "k n ! consolations ( t5d]ness & reciprocal affection8 ,ah no6 = e su* bless+1 ,god dem&s a grateful he>t2 & woman mu/ be recreant to h] duty1 if %e c quietly sit d[n 9 ! enjoym5ts ( h] own dome/ic circle1 & n ex]t h]self to procure ! same happ9ess = o!rs4 ,b x is said woman has a mighty weapon 9 secret pray]4 ,%e has1 ,i ackn[l$ge1 9 common ) man2 b ! woman :o prays 9 s9c]ity = ! reg5]ation ( ?is guilty _w1 w accompany h] pray]s by h] labors4 ,a fri5d ( m9e rem>k$--#8,i 0 sitt+ 9 my *amb]1 weep+ ov] ! mis]ies ( ! slave1 & putt+ up my petitions = 8 deliv]ance f bondage2 :5 9 ! mid/ ( my m$itations1 x occurr$ to me t my te>s1 unaid$ by ef=t1 c\ld nev] melt ! *a9 ( ! slave4 ,i mu/ be up & do+4' ,%e is n[ an active abolitioni/--h] pray]s & h] works g h& 9 h&4 ,i am "h rem9d$ ( :at a slave once said to 8 ma/]1 a ,me?odi/ m9i/]4 ,! slavehold] inquir$1 #8,h[ did y l my s]mon to-day8' #8,v good1 ma/]1 b x did n prea* me free4' ,oh1 my si/]s1 suff] me to entreat y to ass]t y\r privileges1 & to p]=m y\r duties z moral be+s4 ,be n dismay$ at ! ridicule ( man2 x is a weapon wor?y only ( little m9ds1 & is employ$ by ^? :o feel t !y _c conv9ce our judgm5t4 ,be n al>m$ at contumely1 or scorn2 we mu/ expect ?is4 ,i pray t we may meet x ) =be>ance & love2 & t no?+ may drive u f ! p]=mance ( our high & holy duties4 ,let u #8cease f man1 ^: brea? is 9 8 no/rils1 = :]e9 is he to be acc\nt$ (8' & press =w>d 9 all ! great moral ent]prises ( ! age1 lean+ only on ! arm ( our ,belov$4 ,b ,i mu/ return to ! subject ,i comm5c$ )1 viz4 ! condition ( woman 9 ,europe4 #8,! nor!rn nations bore a g5]al resemblance to ea* o!r4 ,w> & hunt+ 7 consid]$ ! only honorable occupations = m51 & all o!r employm5ts 7 left to wom5 & slaves4 ,ev5 ! ,visigo?s1 on ! coa/s ( ,spa91 left _! fields & flocks to ! c>e ( wom54 ,! p :o inhabit ! va/ ext5t ( c\ntry betwe5 ! ,black sea & ! ,nor? sea1 are divid$ into v>i\s di/9ct races4 ,! wom5 are g5]ally v indu/ri\s2 ev5 9 _! walks1 !y c>ry a portable di/aff1 & sp9 e /ep ( ! way4 ,bo? ,croatian & ,wala*ian wom5 p]=m all ! agricultural op]ations 9 addition to _! own dome/ic conc]ns4' ,speak+ ( ! ,morla*ian wom51 ,m4 ,=tis says1 #8,be+ treat$ l bea/s ( burd51 & expect$ to endure submissively e species ( h>d%ip1 !y naturally become v dirty & c>eless 9 _! habits4' ,! ,cossack wom5 af=d a contra/ to ?is disgu/+ picture4 ,!y are v cleanly & indu/ri\s1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( _! husb&s1 supply _! places by tak+ *>ge ( all _! usual occupations1 9 addition to _! own4 ,x is r>e = a ,cossack woman n to "k "s trade1 su* z dye+ clo?1 tann+ lea!r1 c4 ,! condition ( ,poli% & ,russian s]fs 9 mod]n times is ab\t ! same4 ,! ,poli% wom5 h sc>cely clo?+ en\gh = dec5cy1 & !y are subject$ to great h>d%ips & privations4 #8,9 ,russia1 wom5 h be5 se5 pav+ ! /reets1 & p]=m+ o!r simil> drudg]y4 ,9 ,f9l&1 !y "w l bea/s ( burd51 & may be se5 = h\rs 9 sn[ wat]1 up to ! middle1 tugg+ at boats & sl$ges4' ,9 ,fl&]s & 9 ,france1 wom5 are engag$ 9 p]=m+ labori\s tasks2 & ev5 9 ,engl&1 x is n unusual to see !m scrap+ up manure f ! /reets ) _! h&s1 & ga!r+ x into baskets4 ,9 ,greece1 ev5 n[ ! wom5 pl\gh & c>ry heavy burd5s1 :ile ! lordly ma/] ( ! family may be se5 walk+ be=e !m )\t any incumbrance4#a ,g5]ally speak+1 h[ev]1 !re is mu* m comp>ative equality ( labor betwe5 ! sexes 9 ,europe ?an among ! ,ori5tals4 ,i %all close ?is lett] ) a brief survey ( ! condition ( wom5 among ! ,aborig9es ( ,am]ica4 #8,be=e ,am]ica 0 settl$ by ,europeans1 x 0 inhabit$ by ,indian tribes1 :i* greatly resembl$ ea* o!r 9 ! treatm5t ( _! wom54 ,e ?+1 except w> & hunt+1 0 consid]$ b5ea? ! dignity ( man4--,dur+ long & we>isome m>*es1 wom5 7 oblig$ to c>ry *ildr51 provisions & hammocks on _! %\ld]s2 !y _h ! sole c>e ( ! horses & dogs1 cut wood1 pit*$ ! t5ts1 rais$ ! corn1 & made ! clo?+4 ,:5 ! husb& kill$ game1 he left x by a tree 9 ! =e/1 return$ home1 & s5t 8 wife sev]al miles 9 se>* ( x4 ,9 mo/ ( ! tribes1 wom5 7 n all[$ to eat & dr9k ) m51 b /ood & s]v$ !m1 & !n ate :at !y left4' ,! foll[+ affect+ anecdote may give "s idea ( ! suff]+s ( ^! wom53 #8,fa!r ,joseph reprov$ a female savage = de/roy+ h] infant daught]4 ,%e repli$1 8,i wi% my "m _h ?us prev5t$ ! manifold suff]+s ,i h endur$4 ,consid]1 fa!r1 our deplorable situation4 ,our husb&s g out to hunt2 we are dragg$ along ) "o infant at our brea/1 & ano!r 9 a basket4 ,?\gh tir$ ) long walk+1 we are n all[$ to sleep :5 we return1 b mu/ labor all night 9 gr9d+ maize & mak+ *ica = !m4--,!y get drunk & beat u1 draw u by ! hair ( ! head1 & tread u "u foot4 ,w\ld to ,god my "m _h put me "u gr\nd ! mom5t ,i 0 born40' ,9 ,gre5l&1 ! situation ( woman is equally deplorable4 ,! m5 hunt be>s & cat* seals2 b :5 !y h t[$ _! booty to l&1 !y w\ld consid] x a disgrace to help ! wom5 drag x home1 or sk9 & dress x4 ,!y (t5 /& & look idly on1 :ile _! wives are /agg]+ b5ea? ! load t almo/ b5ds !m to ! e>?4 ,! wom5 are cooks1 but*]s1 masons1 curri]s1 %oemak]s & tailors4 ,!y w manage a boat 9 ! r\ghe/ seas1 & w (t5 pu% (f f ! %ore 9 ! mid/ ( a /orm1 t w\ld make ! h>die/ ,european sailor tremble4 ,! page ( hi/ory teems ) woman's wrongs1 & x is wet ) woman's te>s4--,= ! sake ( my degrad$ sex e :]e1 & = ! sake ( my bre?r51 :o suff] j 9 proportion z !y place woman l[] 9 ! scale ( creation ?an man1 l[] ?an h] ,creator plac$ h]1 ,i entreat my si/]s to arise 9 all ! maje/y ( moral p[]1 9 all ! dignity ( immortal be+s1 & plant !mselves1 side by side1 on ! plat=m ( human rights1 ) man1 to :om !y 7 design$ to be companions1 equals & help]s 9 e good ^w & "w4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,s9ce ! prec$+ lett]s 7 9 type1 ,i h met ) ! foll[+ acc\nt 9 a ,fr5* "w entitl$ #8,de l'education des m]es de famille ou de la civilization du ,g5re ,huma9 p> les femmes1' pr9t$ at ,brussels 9 #ahcg4 #8,! p]iodicals h lately publi%$ ! foll[+ circum/ance f ! j\rnal ( an ,engli% physician1 :o travell$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,he visit$ a slave m>ket1 :]e he saw ab\t tw5ty ,greek wom5 half nak$1 ly+ on ! gr\nd wait+ = a pur*as]4 ,"o ( !m attract$ ! att5tion ( an old ,turk4 ,! b>b>ian exam9$ h] %\ld]s1 h] legs1 h] e>s1 h] m\?1 h] neck1 ) ! m9ute/ c>e1 j z a horse is exam9$1 & dur+ ! inspection1 ! m]*ant prais$ ! beauty ( h] eyes1 ! elegance ( h] %ape1 & o!r p]fections2 he prote/$ t ! poor girl 0 b ?irte5 ye>s ( age1 c4 ,aft] a sev]e scrut9y & "s dispute ab\t ! price1 %e 0 sold body & s\l = #acge francs4 ,! s\l1 x is true1 0 acc\nt$ ( little value 9 ! b>ga94 ,! un=tunate creature1 half fa9t+ 9 ! arms ( h] "m1 implor$ help 9 ! mo/ t\*+ acc5ts1 b x avail$ no?+4--,?is inf]nal sc5e pass$ 9 ,europe 9 #ahbi1 only #fjj leagues f ,p>is & ,london1 ! two capitals ( ! human species1 & at ! "t 9 :i* ,i write1 x is ! liv+ hi/ory ( two ?irds ( ! inhabitants ( ! e>?4' ,,lett] ,,viii4 ,,on ,,! ,,condition ,,( ,,wom5 ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,brookl9e1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,i h n[ tak5 a brief survey ( ! condition ( woman 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! _w4 ,i regret t my "t has be5 s mu* occupi$ by o!r ?+s1 t ,i h be5 unable to be/[ t att5tion ^u ! subject :i* x m]its1 & t my con/ant *ange ( place has prev5t$ me f hav+ access to books1 :i* might probably h assi/$ me 9 ?is "p ( my "w4 ,i hope t ! pr9ciples ,i h ass]t$ w claim ! att5tion ( "s ( my sex1 :o may be able to br+ into view1 m ?or\ghly ?an ,i h done1 ! situation & degradation ( woman4 ,i %all n[ proce$ to make a few rem>ks on ! condition ( wom5 9 my own c\ntry4 ,dur+ ! e>ly "p ( my life1 my lot 0 ca/ among ! butt]flies ( ! fa%ionable _w2 & ( ?is class ( wom51 ,i am con/ra9$ to say1 bo? f exp]i5ce & obs]vation1 t _! education is mis]ably defici5t2 t !y are taught to reg>d m>riage z ! "o ?+ ne$ful1 ! only av5ue to di/9ction2 h5ce to attract ! notice & w9 ! att5tions ( m51 by _! ext]nal *>ms1 is ! *ief bus9ess ( fa%ionable girls4 ,!y seldom ?9k t m5 w be allur$ by intellectual acquirem5ts1 because !y f9d1 t :]e any m5tal sup]iority exi/s1 a woman is g5]ally %unn$ & reg>d$ z /epp+ out ( h] #8appropriate sph]e1' :i*1 9 _! view1 is to dress1 to dance1 to set out to ! be/ possible advantage h] p]son1 to read ! novels :i* inundate ! press1 & :i* d m to de/roy h] "* z a rational creature1 ?an any ?+ else4 ,fa%ionable wom5 reg>d !mselves1 & are reg>d$ by m51 z pretty toys or z m]e in/rum5ts ( pleasure2 & ! vacuity ( m9d1 ! he>tlessness1 ! frivolity :i* is ! necess>y result ( ?is false & debas+ e/imate ( wom51 c only be fully und]/ood by ^? :o h m+l$ 9 ! folly & wick$ness ( fa%ionable life2 & :o h be5 call$ f su* pursuits by ! voice ( ! ,"l ,jesus1 invit+ _! we>y & heavy lad5 s\ls to come unto ,him & le>n ( ,him1 t !y may f9d some?+ wor?y ( _! immortal _s1 & _! intellectual p[]s2 t !y may le>n ! high & holy purposes ( _! creation1 & consecrate !mselves unto ! s]vice ( ,god2 & n1 z is n[ ! case1 to ! pleasure ( man4 ,!re is ano!r & mu* m num]\s class 9 ?is c\ntry1 :o are )drawn by education or circum/ances f ! circle ( fa%ionable amusem5ts1 b :o are br\ght up ) ! dang]\s & absurd idea1 t m>riage is a k9d ( pref]m5t2 & t to be able to keep _! husb&'s h\se1 & r5d] 8 situation com=table1 is ! end ( h] be+4 ,mu* t %e does & says & ?9ks is done 9 ref]5ce to ?is situation2 & to be m>ri$ is too (t5 held up to ! view ( girls z ! s9e qua non ( human happ9ess & human exi/5ce4 ,= ?is purpose m ?an = any o!r1 ,i v]ily believe ! majority ( girls are tra9$4 ,?is is demon/rat$ by ! imp]fect education :i* is be/[$ ^u !m1 & ! little pa9s tak5 to cultivate _! m9ds1 aft] !y leave s*ool1 by ! little "t all[$ !m = read+1 & by ! idea be+ con/antly inculcat$1 t al?\gh all h\sehold conc]ns %\ld be att5d$ to ) scrupul\s punctuality at p>ticul> seasons1 ! improvem5t ( _! intellectual capacities is only a second>y consid]ation1 & may s]ve z an occupation to fill up ! odds & ends ( "t4 ,9 mo/ families1 x is consid]$ a matt] ( f> m consequ5ce to call a girl (f f mak+ a pie1 or a pudd+1 ?an to int]rupt h] :il/ engag$ 9 h] /udies4 ,?is mode ( tra9+ necess>ily exalts1 9 _! view1 ! animal above ! intellectual & spiritual nature1 & tea*es wom5 to reg>d !mselves z a k9d ( ma*9]y1 necess>y to keep ! dome/ic eng9e 9 ord]1 b ( little value z ! intellig5t companions ( m54 ,let no "o ?9k1 f ^! rem>ks1 t ,i reg>d a k ( h\sewif]y z b5ea? ! acquisition ( wom54 ,f> f x3 ,i believe t a complete k ( h\sehold affairs is an indisp5sable requisite 9 a woman's education1--t by ! mi/ress ( a family1 :e!r m>ri$ or s+le1 do+ h] duty ?or\ghly & und]/&+ly1 ! happ9ess ( ! family is increas$ to an incalculable degree1 z well z a va/ am\nt ( "t & money sav$4 ,all ,i compla9 ( is1 t our education consi/s s almo/ exclusively 9 cul9>y & o!r manual op]ations4 ,i d long to see ! "t1 :5 x w no long] be necess>y = wom5 to exp5d s _m preci\s h\rs 9 furni%+ #8a well spread table1' b t _! husb&s w =ego "s ( _! accu/om$ indulg5ces 9 ?is way1 & enc\rage _! wives to devote "s portion ( _! "t to m5tal cultivation1 ev5 at ! exp5se ( hav+ to d9e sometimes on bak$ potatoes1 or bread & butt]4 ,i believe ! s5tim5t express$ by ! au?or ( #8,live & let ,live1' is true3 #8,o!r ?+s be+ equal1 a woman ( ! highe/ m5tal end[m5ts w always be ! be/ h\sekeep]1 = dome/ic economy1 is a sci5ce t br+s into action ! qualities ( ! m9d1 z well z ! graces ( ! he>t4 ,a quick p]ception1 judgm5t1 discrim9ation1 decision & ord] are high attributes ( m9d1 & are all 9 daily ex]cise 9 ! well ord]+ ( a family4 ,if a s5sible woman1 an intellectual woman1 a woman ( g5ius1 is n a good h\sewife1 x is n because %e is ei!r1 or all ( ^?1 b because !re is "s defici5cy 9 h] "*1 or "s omission ( duty :i* %\ld make h] v humble1 in/ead ( h] indulg+ 9 any secret self-complac5cy on acc\nt ( a c]ta9 sup]iority1 :i* only aggravates h] fault4' ,! influ5ce ( wom5 ov] ! m9ds & "* ( *ildr5 ( bo? sexes1 is all[$ to be f> great] ?an t ( m54 ,?is be+ ! case by ! v ord]+ ( nature1 wom5 %\ld be prep>$ by education = ! p]=mance ( _! sacr$ duties z mo!rs & z si/]s4 ,a late ,am]ican writ]1#b speak+ on ?is subject1 says 9 ref]5ce to an article 9 ! ,we/m9/] ,review3 #8,i agree entirely ) ! writ] 9 ! high e/imate :i* he places on female education1 & h long s9ce be5 satisfi$1 t ! subject n only m]its1 b imp]i\sly dem&s a ?or\gh reconsid]ation4 ,! :ole s*eme mu/1 9 my op9ion1 be recon/ruct$4 ,! great elem5ts ( usefulness & duty are too little att5d$ to4 ,wom5 ought1 9 my view ( ! subject1 to approa* to ! be/ education n[ giv5 to m51 7,i except ma!matics & ! classics17 f> m ,i believe ?an has ev] yet be5 attempt$4 ,give me a ho/ ( educat$1 pi\s mo!rs & si/]s1 & ,i w d m to revolutionize a c\ntry1 9 moral & religi\s ta/e1 9 mann]s & 9 social virtues & intellectual cultivation1 ?an ,i c possibly d 9 d\ble or treble ! "t1 ) a simil> ho/ ( educat$ m54 ,i _c b ?9k t ! mis]able condition ( ! great body ( ! p 9 all anci5t communities1 is to be ascrib$ 9 a v great degree to ! degradation ( wom54' ,!re is ano!r way 9 :i* ! g5]al op9ion1 t wom5 are inf]ior to m51 is manife/$1 t be>s ) trem5d\s effect on ! labor+ class1 & inde$ on almo/ all :o are oblig$ to e>n a subsi/5ce1 :e!r x be by m5tal or physical ex]tion--,i allude to ! disproportionate value set on ! "t & labor ( m5 & ( wom54 ,a man :o is engag$ 9 tea*+1 c always1 ,i believe1 comm& a high] price = tuition ?an a woman--ev5 :5 he tea*es ! same bran*es1 & is n 9 any respect sup]ior to ! woman4 ,?is ,i "k is ! case 9 bo>d+ & o!r s*ools ) :i* ,i h be5 acqua9t$1 & x is s 9 e occupation 9 :i* ! sexes engage indiscrim9ately4 ,z = example1 9 tailor+1 a man has twice1 or ?ree times z mu* = mak+ a wai/coat or pantaloons z a woman1 al?\gh ! "w done by ea* may be equally good4 ,9 ^? employm5ts :i* are peculi> to wom51 _! "t is e/imat$ at only half ! value ( t ( m54 ,a woman :o goes out to wa%1 works z h>d 9 proportion z a wood sawy]1 or a coal heav]1 b %e is n g5]ally able to make m ?an half z mu* by a day's "w4 ,! l[ remun]ation :i* wom5 receive = _! "w1 has claim$ ! att5tion ( a few philan?ropi/s1 & ,i hope x w cont9ue to d s until "s rem$y is appli$ = ?is enorm\s evil4 ,i h kn[n a wid[1 left ) f\r or five *ildr51 to provide =1 unable to leave home because h] helpless babes dem& h] att5tion1 compell$ to e>n a scanty subsi/5ce1 by mak+ co>se %irts at #ab c5ts a piece1 or by tak+ 9 wa%+1 = :i* %e 0 paid by "s weal?y p]sons #ab c5ts p] doz54 ,all ^! ?+s ev9ce ! l[ e/imation 9 :i* woman is held4 ,!re is yet ano!r & m disa/r\s consequ5ce aris+ f ?is unscriptural notion--wom5 be+ educat$1 f e>lie/ *ildhood1 to reg>d !mselves z inf]ior creatures1 h n t self-respect :i* consci\s equality w\ld eng5d]1 & h5ce :5 _! virtue is assail$1 !y yield to temptation ) facility1 "u ! idea t x r exalts ?an debases !m1 to be connect$ ) a sup]ior be+4 ,!re is ano!r class ( wom5 9 ?is c\ntry1 to :om ,i _c ref]1 )\t feel+s ( ! deepe/ %ame & sorr[4 ,i allude to our female slaves4 ,our s\!rn cities are :elm$ b5ea? a tide ( pollution2 ! virtue ( female slaves is :olly at ! m]cy ( irresponsible tyrants1 & wom5 are b\ght & sold 9 our slave m>kets1 to gratify ! brutal lu/ ( ^? :o be> ! "n ( ,*ri/ians4 ,9 our slave ,/ates1 if amid all h] degradation & ignorance1 a woman desires to pres]ve h] virtue unsulli$1 %e is ei!r brib$ or :ipp$ into compliance1 or if %e d>es resi/ h] s$uc]1 h] life by ! laws ( "s ( ! slave ,/ates may be1 & has actually be5 sacrific$ to ! fury ( disappo9t$ passion4 ,:]e su* laws d n exi/1 ! p[] :i* is necess>ily ve/$ 9 ! ma/] ov] 8 prop]ty1 leaves ! def5celess slave entirely at 8 m]cy1 & ! suff]+s ( "s females on ?is acc\nt1 bo? physical & m5tal1 are int5se4 ,mr4 ,gholson1 9 ! ,h\se ( ,delegates ( ,virg9ia1 9 #ahcb1 said1 #8,he really _h be5 "u ! impression t he own$ 8 slaves4 ,he _h lately pur*as$ f\r wom5 & t5 *ildr51 9 :om he ?\ght he _h obta9$ a great b>ga92 = he suppos$ !y 7 8 own prop]ty1 z 7 8 brood m>es4' ,b ev5 if any laws exi/$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z 9 ,a!ns =m]ly1 = ! protection ( female slaves1 !y w\ld be null & void1 because ! evid5ce ( a color$ p]son is n admitt$ aga9/ a :ite1 9 any ( our ,c\rts ( ,ju/ice 9 ! slave ,/ates4 #8,9 ,a!ns1 if a female slave _h cause to compla9 ( any want ( respect to ! laws ( mode/y1 %e c\ld seek ! protection ( ! temple1 & dem& a *ange ( own]s2 & su* appeals 7 nev] disc\nt5anc$1 or neglect$ by ! magi/rate4' ,9 ,*ri/ian ,am]ica1 ! slave has no refuge f unbridl$ cruelty & lu/4 ,s4 ,a4 ,=rall1 speak+ ( ! /ate ( morals at ! ,s\?1 says1 #8,negresses :5 "y & likely1 are (t5 employ$ by ! plant]1 or 8 fri5ds1 to adm9i/] to _! s5sual desires4 ,?is frequ5tly is a matt] ( speculation1 = if ! (fspr+1 a mulatto1 be a h&some female1 #hjj or #ajjj doll>s may be obta9$ = h] 9 ! ,new ,orleans m>ket4 ,x is an occurr5ce ( no uncommon nature to see a ,*ri/ian fa!r sell 8 own daught]1 & ! bro!r 8 own si/]4' ,! foll[+ is copi$ by ! ,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,/> f ! ,picayune1 a pap] publi%$ 9 ,new ,orleans4 #8,a v beautiful girl1 belong+ to ! e/ate ( ,john ,fr5*1 a deceas$ gambl] at ,new ,orleans1 0 sold a few days s9ce = ! r\nd sum ( #g1jjj4 ,an ugly-look+ ba*elor nam$ ,g\*1 a memb] ( ! ,c\ncil ( "o ( ! ,pr9cipalities1 0 ! pur*as]4 ,! girl is a brunette2 rem>kable = h] beauty & intellig5ce1 & !re 0 consid]able cont5tion1 :o %\ld be ! pur*as]4 ,%e 01 h[ev]1 p]suad$ to accept ,g\*1 he hav+ made h] pr9cely promises4' ,i w add b "o m f ! num]\s te/imonies respect+ ! degradation ( female slaves1 & ! lic5ti\sness ( ! ,s\?4 ,x is f ! ,circul> ( ! ,k5tucky ,union1 = ! moral & religi\s improvem5t ( ! color$ race4 #8,to ! female "* among our black population1 we _c allude b ) feel+s ( ! bitt]e/ %ame4 ,a simil> condition ( moral pollution & utt] disreg>d ( a pure & virtu\s reputation1 is to be f\nd only )\t ! pale ( ,*ri/5dom4 ,t su* a /ate ( society %\ld exi/ 9 a ,*ri/ian nation1 claim+ to be ! mo/ enlight5$ ^u e>?1 )\t call+ =? any p>ticul> att5tion to its exi/5ce1 ?\gh ev] be=e our eyes & 9 our families1 is a moral ph5om5on at once unacc\ntable & disgraceful4' ,nor does ! color$ woman suff] alone3 ! moral purity ( ! :ite woman is deeply contam9at$4 ,9 ! daily habit ( see+ ! virtue ( h] enslav$ si/] sacrific$ )\t hesitancy or remorse1 %e looks ^u ! crimes ( s$uction & illicit int]c\rse )\t horror1 & al?\gh n p]sonally involv$ 9 ! guilt1 %e loses t value = innoc5ce 9 h] own1 z well z ! o!r sex1 :i* is "o ( ! /ronge/ safegu>ds to virtue4 ,%e lives 9 habitual int]c\rse ) m51 :om %e kn[s to be pollut$ by lic5ti\sness1 & (t5 is %e compell$ to witness 9 h] own dome/ic circle1 ^? disgu/+ & he>t-sick5+ jeal\sies & /rifes :i* disgrac$ & di/ract$ ! family ( ,abraham4 ,9 addition to all ?is1 ! female slaves suff] e species ( degradation & cruelty1 :i* ! mo/ wanton b>b>ity c inflict2 !y are indec5tly dive/$ ( _! clo?+1 sometimes ti$ up & sev]ely :ipp$1 sometimes pro/rat$ on ! e>?1 :ile _! nak$ bodies are torn by ! scorpion la%4 #8,! :ip on ,,woman',s %r9k+ fle%6 ,our soil yet r$d5+ ) ! /a9s ,caught f h] sc\rg+ w>m & fre%4' ,c any ,am]ican woman look at ^! sc5es ( %ock+ lic5ti\sness & cruelty1 & fold h] h&s 9 apa?y1 & say1 #8,i h no?+ to d ) slav]y'8 ,%e _c & be guiltless4 ,i _c close ?is lett]1 )\t say+ a few words on ! b5efits to be d]iv$ by m51 z well z wom51 f ! op9ions ,i advocate relative to ! equality ( ! sexes4 ,_m wom5 are n[ support$1 9 idl5ess & extravagance1 by ! indu/ry ( _! husb&s1 fa!rs1 or bro!rs1 :o are compell$ to toil out _! exi/5ce1 at ! c\nt+ h\se1 or 9 ! pr9t+ (fice1 or "s o!r labori\s occupation1 :ile ! wife & daught]s & si/]s take no "p 9 ! support ( ! family1 & appe> to ?9k t _! sole bus9ess is to sp5d ! h>d b\ght e>n+s ( _! male fri5ds4 ,i deeply regret su* a /ate ( ?+s1 because ,i believe t if wom5 felt _! responsibility1 = ! support ( !mselves1 or _! families x w\ld add /r5g? & dignity to _! *>act]s1 & tea* !m m true sympa?y = _! husb&s1 ?an is n[ g5]ally manife/$1--a sympa?y :i* w\ld be exhibit$ by actions z well z words4 ,our bre?r5 may reject my doctr9e1 because x runs c\nt] to common op9ions1 & because x w\nds _! pride2 b ,i believe !y w\ld be #8p>tak]s ( ! b5efit' result+ f ! ,equality ( ! ,sexes1 & w\ld f9d t woman1 z _! equal1 0 unspeakably m valuable ?an woman z _! inf]ior1 bo? z a moral & an intellectual be+4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,footnotes3 #b ,?omas ,s4 ,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,ix4 ,,h]oism ,,( ,,wom5--,,wom5 ,,9 ,,au?ority4 ,brookl9e1 #h? ,mo4 #be?1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,x seems necess>y to glance at ! conduct ( wom5 "u circum/ances :i* place !m 9 juxtaposition ) m51 al?\gh ,i reg>d x z entirely unimportant 9 prov+ ! moral equality ( ! sexes2 because ,i condemn1 9 bo?1 ! ex]cise ( t brute =ce :i* is z contr>y to ! law ( ,god 9 m5 z 9 wom52 /ill1 z a "p ( our hi/ory1 ,i %all notice "s in/ances ( c\rage exhibit$ by females4 #8,philippa1 wife ( ,edw>d ,,iii41 0 ! pr9cipal cause ( ! victory ga9$ ov] ! ,scots at ,neville ,cross4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( h] husb&1 %e rode among ! troops1 & exhort$ !m to 8be ( good c\rage40' ,jane1 ,c\ntess ( ,m\nt=t1 & a contempor>y ( ,philippa1 likewise possess$ a great %>e ( physical c\rage4 ,! hi/ory ( ,joan ( ,arc is too famili> to ne$ repetition4 ,dur+ ! reign ( ,james ,,ii4 a s+ul> in/ance ( female intrepidity occurr$ 9 ,scotl&4 ,sir ,john ,co*rane be+ condemn$ to be hung1 8 daught] twice disguis$ h]self1 & robb$ ! mail t br\ght 8 dea? w>rant4 ,9 ! mean "t1 8 p>don 0 obta9$ f ! ,k+4 ,in/ances might be multipli$1 b x is unnecess>y4 ,i %all !re=e close ^! pro(s ( female c\rage ) "o m fact4 #8,dur+ ! revolution>y w>1 ! wom5 %>$ 9 ! patriotism & brav]y ( ! m54 ,sev]al individuals c>ri$ _! en?usiasm s f> z to ent] ! army1 :]e !y fac$ all ! p]ils & fatigues ( ! camp1 until ! close ( ! w>4' ,:5 ,i view my c\ntrywom5 9 ! "* ( soldi]s1 or ev5 behold !m load+ fire arms & m\ld+ bullets = _! bre?r5 to de/roy m5's lives1 ,i _c refra9 a sigh4 ,i _c b contra/ _! conduct at t solemn crisis ) ! conduct ( ^? wom5 :o foll[$ _! ,"l & ,ma/] ) unresi/+ submission1 to ,calv>y's ,m\nt4 ,) ! precepts & example ( a crucifi$ ,r$eem]1 :o1 9 t sublime precept1 #8,resi/ n evil1' has int]dict$ to 8 disciples all w> & all viol5ce1 & taught u t ! _s ( retaliation = injuries1 :e!r 9 ! camp1 or at ! fire-side1 is :olly at v>iance ) ! peaceful religion he came to promulgate4 ,h[ little d we compreh5d t simple tru?1 #8,by ?is %all all m5 "k t ye are my disciples1 if ye h love "o to ano!r4' ,wom5 h sometimes di/+ui%$ !mselves 9 a way m consi/5t ) _! duties z moral be+s4 ,dur+ ! w> betwe5 ! ,romans & ! ,sab9es1 ! ,sab9e wom5 :o _h be5 c>ri$ (f by ! ,romans1 repair$ to ! ,sab9e camp1 dress$ 9 deep m\rn+1 ) _! little ones 9 _! arms1 to s(t51 if possible1 ! feel+s ( _! p>5ts4 ,!y knelt at ! feet ( _! relatives2 & :5 ,h]silia1 ! wife ( ,romulus1 describ$ ! k9dness ( _! husb&s1 & _! unwill+ness to be sep>at$ f !m1 _! fa!rs yield$ to _! entreaties1 & an alliance 0 soon agre$ ^u4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is important s]vice1 peculi> privileges 7 conf]r$ on wom5 by ! ,romans4 ,brutus said ( 8 wife1 #8,i mu/ n answ] ,portia 9 ! words ( ,hector1 8,m9d y\r :eel1 & to y\r maids give law10 = 9 c\rage1 activity & conc]n = h] c\ntry's fre$om1 %e is inf]ior to none ( u4' ,aft] ! fatal battle ( ,cann1 ! ,roman wom5 consecrat$ all _! ornam5ts to ! s]vice ( ! /ate4 ,b :5 ! triumvirs attempt$ to tax !m = ! exp5ses ( c>ry+ on a civil w>1 !y resi/$ ! innovation4 ,!y *ose ,hort5sia = _! speak]1 & w5t 9 a body to ! m>ket-place to expo/ulate ) ! magi/rates4 ,! triumvirs wi%$ to drive !m away1 b !y 7 compell$ to yield to ! wi%es ( ! p1 & give ! wom5 a he>+4 ,hort5sia plead$ s well ! cause ( h] si/]s1 :o resolv$ t !y w\ld n volunt>ily aid 9 a civil w>1 t ! numb] ( wom5 tax$ 0 r$uc$ f #adjj to #djj4 ,9 ! w>s ( ! ,guelphs & ! ,ghibbel9es1 ! emp]or ,conrad refus$ all t]ms ( capitulation to ! g>rison ( ,w9nisb]g1 b he grant$ ! reque/ ( ! wom5 to pass out 9 safety ) su* ( _! effects z !y c\ld c>ry !mselves4 ,accord+ly1 !y issu$ f ! besieg$ city1 ea* be>+ on h] %\ld]s a husb&1 son1 fa!r1 or bro!r4 ,!y pass$ unmole/$ ?r\gh ! enemy's camp1 :i* rung ) acclamations ( applause4 ,dur+ our /ruggle = indep5d5ce1 ! wom5 7 z exempl>y z ! m5 9 v>i\s in/ances ( self-d5ial3 !y refus$ e article ( decoration = _! p]sons2 =eign elegances 7 laid aside1 & !y *e]fully ab/a9$ f luxuries = _! tables4 ,engli% hi/ory pres5ts _m in/ances ( wom5 ex]cis+ pr]ogatives n[ d5i$ !m4 ,9 an action at law1 x has be5 det]m9$ t an unm>ri$ woman1 hav+ a freehold1 might vote = memb]s ( ,p>liam5t2 & x is record$ t lady ,pack+ton return$ two4 ,lady ,br\ghton 0 keep] ( ! gateh\se prison4 ,& 9 a mu* lat] p]iod1 a woman 0 appo9t$ gov]nor ( ! h\se ( correction at ,*elms=d1 by ord] ( ! c\rt4 ,9 ! reign ( ,george ,,ii4 ! m9i/] ( ,cl]k5well 0 *os5 by a majority ( wom54 ,! (fice ( gr& *amb]la9 9 #ahbb 0 fill$ by two wom52 & t ( cl]k ( ! cr[n1 9 ! c\rt ( k+'s b5*1 has be5 grant$ to a female4 ,! celebrat$ ,anne1 c\ntess ( ,pembroke1 held ! h]$it>y (fice ( %]iff ( ,we/morel&1 & ex]cis$ x 9 p]son1 sitt+ on ! b5* ) ! judges4 ,i ne$ h>dly adv]t to ! names ( ,elizabe? ( ,engl&1 ,m>ia ,!resa ( ,g]many1 ,ca?>9e ( ,russia1 & ,isabella ( ,spa91 to prove t wom5 are capable ( sway+ ! sceptre ( royalty4 ,! page ( hi/ory proves inconte/ibly1 n only t !y are z well qualifi$ to d s z m51 b t !re has be5 a comp>atively great] proportion ( good que5s1 ?an ( good k+s2 wom5 :o h pur*as$ _! celebrity by individual /r5g? ( "*4 ,i m5tion ^! wom5 only to prove t intellect is n sex$2 t /r5g? ( m9d is n sex$2 & t our views ab\t ! duties ( m5 & ! duties ( wom51 ! sph]e ( man & ! sph]e ( woman1 are m]e arbitr>y op9ions1 diff]+ 9 diff]5t ages & c\ntries1 & dep5dant solely on ! w & judgm5t ( err+ mortals4 ,z moral & responsible be+s1 m5 & wom5 h ! same sph]e ( action1 & ! same duties devolve ^u bo?2 b no "o c d\bt t ! duties ( ea* v>y accord+ to circum/ances2 t a fa!r & a "m1 a husb& & a wife1 h sacr$ obligations re/+ on !m1 :i* _c possibly belong to ^? :o d n su/a9 ^! relations4 ,b ^! duties & responsibilities d n atta* to !m z m5 & z wom51 b z p>5ts1 husb&s1 & wives4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,x4 ,,intellect ,,( ,,woman4 ,brookl9e1 #h? ,mo4 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,x w sc>cely be d5i$1 ,i presume1 t1 z a g5]al rule1 m5 d n desire ! improvem5t ( wom54 ,!re are few in/ances ( m5 :o are magnanim\s en\gh to be entirely will+ t wom5 %\ld "k m ?an !mselves1 on any subjects except dress & cook]y2 &1 inde$1 ?is necess>ily fl[s f _! assumption ( sup]iority4 ,z !y h det]m9$ t ,jehovah has plac$ woman on a l[] plat=m ?an man1 !y ( c\rse wi% to keep h] !re2 & h5ce ! noble faculties ( our m9ds are cru%$1 & our reason+ p[]s are almo/ :olly uncultivat$4 ,a writ] 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,i4 says--#8,%e t kn[e? h[ to comp\nd a pudd+1 is m desirable ?an %e :o skilfully comp\nd$ a poem4 ,a female poet ,i mislike at all times4' ,)9 ! la/ c5tury1 x has be5 gravely ass]t$ t1 #8*emi/ry en\gh to keep ! pot boil+1 & geography en\gh to "k ! location ( ! diff]5t rooms 9 h] h\se1 is le>n+ suffici5t = a woman4' ,byron1 :o 0 too s5sual to conceive ( a pure & p]fect companion%ip betwe5 ! sexes1 w\ld limit a woman's libr>y to a ,bible & cook]y book4 ,i h myself he>d m51 :o knew = !mselves ! value ( intellectual culture1 say !y c>$ v little = a wife :o c\ld n make a pudd+1 & smile ) contempt at ! ard5t ?ir/ = k exhibit$ by "s wom54 ,b all ?is is mis]able wit & worse philosophy4 ,x exhibits t passion = ! gratification ( a pamp]$ appetite1 :i* is b5ea? ^? :o claim to be s f> above u1 & may ju/ly be plac$ on a p> ) ! policy ( ! slavehold]1 :o says t m5 w be bett] slaves1 if !y are n p]mitt$ to le>n to read4 ,9 spite1 h[ev]1 ( ! ob/acles :i* imp$e ! progress ( wom5 t[>ds t /ate ( high m5tal cultivation = :i* h] ,creator prep>$ h]1 ! t5d5cy t[>ds ! univ]sal dissem9ation ( k has _h its influ5ce on _! de/9ies2 & 9 all ages1 a few h surm\nt$ e h9drance1 & prov$1 beyond dispute1 t !y h tal5ts equal to _! bre?r54 ,cornelia1 ! daught] ( ,scipio ,africanus1 0 di/+ui%$ = virtue1 le>n+ & good s5se4 ,%e wrote & spoke ) uncommon elegance & purity4 ,cic]o & ,qu9ctilian be/[ high praise ^u h] lett]s1 & ! eloqu5ce ( h] *ildr5 0 attribut$ to h] c>eful sup]9t5d5ce4 ,?is rem9ds me ( a rem>k made by my bro!r1 ,?omas ,s4 ,grimke1 :5 speak+ ( ! importance ( wom5 be+ well educat$1 t #8educat$ m5 w\ld nev] make educat$ wom51 b educat$ wom5 w\ld make educat$ m54' ,i believe ! s5tim5t is correct1 because if ! weal? ( lat5t intellect among wom5 0 fully evolv$ & improv$1 !y w\ld rejoice to communicate to _! sons all _! own k1 & inspire !m ) desires to dr9k f ! f\nta9 ( lit]ature4 ,i pass ov] _m int]e/+ pro(s ( ! intellectual p[]s ( wom52 b ,i mu/ n omit glanc+ at ! age ( *ivalry1 :i* has be5 comp>$ to a gold5 ?read runn+ ?r\gh ! d>k ages4 ,dur+ ?is rem>kable era1 wom5 :o1 be=e ?is p]iod1 _h be5 subject to e species ( oppression & neglect1 7 sudd5ly elevat$ into deities1 & wor%ipp$ ) a mad fanaticism4 ,x is n improbable1 h[ev]1 t ev5 ! absurdities ( *ivalry 7 b5eficial to wom51 z x rais$ !m f t extreme degradation to :i* !y _h be5 condemn$1 & prep>$ ! way = !m to be p]mitt$ to enjoy "s scatt]$ rays f ! sun ( sci5ce & lit]ature4 ,z ! age ( knight-errantry decl9$1 m5 began to take pride 9 le>n+1 & wom5 %>$ ! advantages :i* ?is *ange produc$4 #8,wom5 prea*$ 9 public1 support$ controv]sies1 publi%$ & def5d$ !ses1 fill$ ! *airs ( philosophy & law1 h>angu$ ! popes 9 ,lat91 wrote ,greek & read ,hebrew4 ,nuns wrote poetry1 wom5 ( rank became div9es1 & "y girls publicly exhort$ ,*ri/ian pr9ces to take up arms = ! recov]y ( ! holy sepul*re4 ,hypatia1 daught] ( ,!on ( ,alex&ria1 succe$$ h] fa!r 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,platonic s*ool1 & fill$ ) reputation a seat1 :]e _m celebrat$ philosoph]s _h taught4 ,! p reg>d$ h] z an oracle1 & magi/rates consult$ h] 9 all important cases4 ,no reproa* 0 ev] utt]$ aga9/ ! p]fect purity ( h] mann]s4 ,%e 0 unemb>rass$ 9 l>ge assemblies ( m51 because _! admiration 0 temp]$ ) ! mo/ scrupul\s respect4 ,9 ! #ac? c5tury1 a "y lady ( ,bologna pron\nc$ a ,lat9 oration at ! age ( tw5ty-?ree4 ,at tw5ty-six1 %e took ! degree ( doctor ( laws1 & began publicly to exp\nd ,ju/9ian4 ,at ?irty1 %e 0 elevat$ to a pr(essor's *air1 & taught ! law to a cr[d ( s*ol>s f all nations4 ,italy produc$ _m le>n$ & gift$ wom51 among :om1 p]haps none 0 m celebrat$ ?an ,victoria ,colonna1 ,m>*ioness ( ,pesc>a4 ,9 ,spa91 ,isabella ( ,ros]a conv]t$ ,jews by h] eloqu5t prea*+2' & 9 ,engl& ! names ( _m wom51 f ,lady ,jane ,gray d[n to ,h>riet ,m>t9eau1 are famili> to e read] ( hi/ory4 ,( ! la/ m5tion$ au?oress1 ,"l ,br\gham said t h] writ+s on political economy 7 do+ m good ?an ^? ( any man 9 ,engl&4 ,!re is a contempor>y ( ,h>riet ,m>t9eau1 :o has rec5tly r5d]$ valuable s]vices to h] c\ntry4 ,%e pres5t$ a memorial to ,p>liam5t1 /at+ ! dang]\s p>ts ( ! coa/1 :]e light-h\ses 7 ne$$1 & at h] sugge/ion1 sev]al 7 erect$4 ,%e keeps a life-boat & sailors 9 h] pay1 & has be5 ! means ( sav+ _m lives4 ,al?\gh %e has be5 depriv$ ( ! use ( h] limbs s9ce e>ly *ildhood1 yet ev5 :5 ! /orm is unusually sev]e1 %e goes h]self on ! bea* 9 h] c>riage1 t %e may be sure h] m5 p]=m _! duty4 ,%e und]/&s sev]al languages1 & is n[ engag$ 9 writ+ a "w on ! ,nor!rn languages ( ,europe4 #8,9 ,g]many1 ! influ5ce ( wom5 on lit]ature is consid]able1 ?\gh less obvi\s ?an 9 "s o!r c\ntries4 ,lit]>y families frequ5tly meet at ea* o!rs' h\ses1 & le>n$ & intellig5t wom5 are (t5 ! brighte/ ornam5ts ( ^! social circles4' ,france has produc$ _m di/+ui%$ wom51 ^: names are famili> to e lov] ( lit]ature4 ,& ,i believe x is conc$$ univ]sally1 t ,madame de ,/ael 0 intellectually ! greate/ woman t ev] liv$4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates h produc$ sev]al female writ]s1 "s ( :om h tal5ts ( ! highe/ ord]4 ,b wom51 ev5 9 ?is free republic1 d n enjoy all ! intellectual advantages ( m51 al?\gh !re is a p]ceptible improvem5t )9 ! la/ t5 or tw5ty ye>s2 & ,i tru/ !re is a desire awak5$ 9 my si/]s = solid acquirem5ts1 :i* w elevate !m to _! #8appropriate sph]e1' & enable !m to #8adorn ! doctr9e ( ,god our ,savi\r 9 all ?+s4' ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,xi4 ,,dress ,,( ,,wom54 ,brookl9e1 #i? ,mo41 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,:5 ,i view woman z an immortal be+1 travell+ ?r\gh ?is _w to t city ^: build] & mak] is ,god1--:5 ,i contemplate h] 9 all ! sublimity ( h] spiritual exi/5ce1 be>+ ! image & sup]scription ( ,jehovah1 emanat+ f ,him & p>tak+ ( 8 nature1 & de/9$1 if %e fulfils h] duty1 to dwell ) him ?r\gh ! endless ages ( et]nity1--,i m\rn t %e has liv$ s f> bel[ h] privileges & h] obligations1 z a rational & acc\ntable creature2 & ,i ard5tly long to behold h] occupy+ t sph]e 9 :i* ,i believe h] ,creator design$ h] to move4 ,woman1 9 all ages & c\ntries1 has be5 ! sc(f & ! je/ ( h] lordly ma/]4 ,if %e attempt$1 l him1 to improve h] m9d1 %e 0 ridicul$ z p$antic1 & driv5 f ! temple ( sci5ce & lit]ature by co>se attacks & vulg> s>casms4 ,if %e yield$ to ! pressure ( circum/ances1 & s\ght relief f ! monotony ( exi/5ce by resort+ to ! !atre & ! ball-room1 by ornam5t+ h] p]son ) fl[]s & ) jewels1 :ile h] m9d 0 empty & h] he>t desolate2 %e 0 /ill ! m>k at :i* wit & satire & cruelty levell$ _! arr[s4 #8,woman1' says ,adam ,cl>ke1 #8has be5 invidi\sly def9$1 an animal ( dress4 ,h[ long w !y p]mit !mselves to be ?us degrad$8' ,i h be5 an att5tive obs]v] ( my sex1 & ,i am con/ra9$ to believe t ! passion = dress1 :i* s g5]ally *>act]izes !m1 is "o cause :y !re s is little ( t solid improvem5t & weight ( "* :i* might be acquir$ "u almo/ any circum/ances1 if ! m9d 7 n occupi$ by ! love ( admiration1 & ! desire to gratify p]sonal vanity4 ,i h already adduc$ "s in/ances to prove ! inord9ate love ( dress1 :i* is exhibit$ by wom5 9 a /ate ( hea!nism2 ,i %all1 !re=e1 conf9e myself n[ to :at are call$ ,*ri/ian c\ntries2 only rem>k+ t previ\s to ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity into ! ,roman empire1 ! extravagance ( app>el _h aris5 to an unprec$5t$ height4 #8,jewels1 exp5sive embroid]y1 & delici\s p]fumes1 7 us$ 9 great pr(usion by ^? :o c\ld af=d !m4' ,! holy religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/ came 9 at ?is p]iod1 & /ript luxury & weal? ( all _! false attractions4 #8,wom5 ( ! noble/ & weal?ie/ families1 surr\nd$ by ! s$uctive allurem5ts ( worldly pleasure1 r5\nc$ !m all4 ,undismay$ by sev]e edicts aga9/ ! new religion1 !y appe>$ be=e ! magi/rates1 & by pron\nc+ ! simple words1 8,i am a ,*ri/ian10 calmly resign$ !mselves to imprisonm5t1 ignom9y & dea?4' ,c\ld su* wom5 h _h _! m9ds occupi$ by ! fooli% vanity ( ornam5tal app>el8 ,no6 ,*ri/ianity /ruck at ! root ( all s91 & consequ5tly we f9d ! e>ly ,*ri/ians c\ld n fight1 or swe>1 or we> co/ly clo?+4 ,cave1 9 8 "w entitl$ #8,primitive ,*ri/ianity1' has "s int]e/+ rem>ks on ?is subject1 %[+ t simplicity ( dress 0 n !n e/eem$ an unimportant "p ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,v soon1 h[ev]1 :5 ! fire ( p]secution 0 no long] blaz+1 pagan cu/oms became int]wov5 ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,! pr(essors ( ! religion ( a self-d5y+ ,"l1 ^: k+dom 0 n ( ?is _w1 began to use ! sword1 to return rail+ = rail+1 to take oa?s1 to m+le hea!n =ms & c]emonies ) ,*ri/ian wor%ip1 to engraft on ! beautiful simplicity ( piety1 ! fea/s & obs]vances :i* 7 usual at hea!n fe/ivals 9 honor ( ! gods1 & to adorn _! p]sons ) ri* & ornam5tal app>el4 ,& n[ if we look at ,*ri/5dom1 !re is sc>cely a ve/ige ( t religion1 :i* ! ,r$eem] ( m5 came to promulgate4 ,! ,*ri/ian _w is mu* 9 ! situation ( ! ,jewi% nation1 :5 ! babe ( ,be?lehem 0 born1 full ( outside obs]vances1 :i* !y sub/itute = m]cy & love1 = self-d5ial & good works1 rigid 9 ! p]=mance ( religi\s duties1 b ready1 if ! ,"l ,jesus came among/ !m & judg$ !m by _! fruits1 z he did ! ,ph>isees =m]ly1 to crucify him z a sl&]]4 ,inde$1 ,i believe ! rem>k ( a late au?or is p]fectly correct3 #8,/range z x may seem1 yet ,i d n hesitate to decl>e my belief t x is easi] to make ,pagan nations ,*ri/ians1 ?an to re=m ,*ri/ian communities & fa%ion !m anew1 aft] ! pure & simple /&>d ( ! gospel4 ,ca/ y\r eye ov] ,*ri/ian c\ntries1 & see :at a multitude ( causes comb9e to resi/ & impair ! influ5ce ( ,*ri/ian in/itutions4 ,behold ! con=mity ( ,*ri/ians to ! _w1 9 its prodigal pleasures & frivol\s amusem5ts1 9 its corrupt op9ions & s5tim5ts1 ( false honor4 ,behold ! wide spread ignorance & degrad+ sup]/ition2 ! p[] ( prejudice & ! au?ority ( cu/om2 ! un*ri/ian "* ( our sy/ems ( education2 & ! dread ( ! fr[ns & ridicule ( ! _w1 & we discov] at once a ho/ ( m =midable enemies to ! progress ( true religion 9 ,*ri/ian1 ?an 9 hea!n l&s4' ,b ,i mu/ proce$ to exam9e :at is ! /ate ( pr(ess+ ,*ri/5dom1 z reg>ds ! subject ( ?is lett]4 ,a few words w suffice4 ,! habits & employm5ts ( fa%ionable circles are ne>ly ! same ?r\gh\t ,*ri/ian communities4 ,! fa%ion ( dress1 :i* v>ies m rapidly ?an ! *ang+ seasons1 is /ill1 z x has be5 f "t immemorial1 an all-absorb+ object ( int]e/4 ,! simple cobbl] ( ,agawam1 :o wrote 9 ,massa*usetts z e>ly z #afdg1 speak+ ( wom51 says1 8,x is no m>vel !y we> drailes on ! h9d] "p ( _! heads1 hav+ no?+1 z x seems1 9 ! =e "p1 b a few squirrels' bra9s to help !m frisk f "o fa%ion to ano!r4' ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be conc$$1 t al?\gh !re are too _m wom5 :o m]it ?is sev]e repreh5sion1 !re is a num]\s class ^: improvem5t ( m9d & devotion to ! cause ( humanity ju/ly entitle !m to our respect & admiration4 ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( mod]n times1 is ! t5d5cy t[>d a univ]sal dissem9ation ( k 9 all ,prote/ant communities4 ,b ! "* ( woman has be5 elevat$ m by p>ticipat+ 9 ! great moral ent]prises ( ! day1 ?an by any?+ else4 ,x w\ld a/oni% u if we c\ld see at a glance all ! labor1 ! pati5ce1 ! indu/ry1 ! =titude :i* woman has exhibit$1 9 c>ry+ on ! causes ( ,moral ,re=m1 ,anti-,slav]y1 c4 ,/ill1 ev5 ^! noble & ennobl+ pursuits h n de/roy$ p]sonal vanity4 ,_m ( ^? :o are engag$ 9 ^! great & glori\s re=mations1 wat* ) eag] int]e/1 ! ev] v>y+ freaks ( ! goddess ( fa%ion1 & are n exce$$ by ! butt]flies ( ! ball-room 9 _! love ( curls1 artificial fl[]s1 embroid]y & gay app>el4 ,_m a woman w ply h] ne$le ) ceaseless indu/ry1 to obta9 money to =w>d a favorite b5evol5t s*eme1 :ile at ! same "t %e w exp5d on useless articles ( dress1 m ?an treble ! sum :i* %e procures by ! employm5t ( h] ne$le1 & :i* %e might ?r[ into ! ,"l's treasury1 & leave h]self leisure to cultivate h] m9d1 & to m+le among ! poor & ! afflict$ m ?an %e c possibly d n[4 ,i feel exce$+ly solicit\s to draw ! att5tion ( my si/]s to ?is subject4 ,i "k t x is call$ trifl+1 & mu* is said ab\t dress+ fa%ionably1 & elegantly1 & becom+ly1 )\t ?9k+ ab\t x4 ,?is ,i d n believe c be done4 ,if we indulge our fancy 9 ! *ameleon caprices ( fa%ion1 or 9 we>+ ornam5tal & extravagant app>el1 ! m9d mu/ be 9 no small degree engag$ 9 ! gratification ( p]sonal vanity4 ,le/ any "o may suppose f my be+ a ,quak]1 t ,i %\ld l to see a uni=m dress adopt$1 ,i w say1 t ,i h no p>tiality = _! peculi> co/ume1 except s f> z ,i f9d x simple & conv5i5t2 & ,i h n ! remote/ desire to see x worn1 :]e "o m commodi\s c be sub/itut$4 ,b ,i d believe "o ( ! *ief ob/acles 9 ! way ( woman's elevation to ! same plat=m ( human rights1 & moral dignity1 & intellectual improvem5t1 ) h] bro!r1 on :i* ,god plac$ h]1 & :]e he design$ h] to act h] "p z an immortal creature1 is h] love ( dress4 #8,x has be5 obs]v$1' says ,scott1 #8t fopp]y & extravagance z to dress 9 m5 are mo/ emphatically condemn$ by ! apo/le's sil5ce on ! subject1 = ?is intimat$ t surely !y c\ld be "u no temptation to su* a *ildi% vanity4' ,b ev5 ^? m5 :o are sup]ior to su* a *ildi% vanity 9 !mselves1 are1 nev]!less1 ev] ready to enc\rage x 9 wom54 ,!y "k t s long z we submit to be dress$ l dolls1 we nev] c rise to ! /ations ( duty & usefulness f :i* !y desire to exclude u2 & !y are will+ to grant u paltry indulg5ces1 :i* =w>d _! own design ( keep+ u out ( our appropriate sph]e1 :ile !y deprive u ( ess5tial rights4 ,to me x appe>s b5ea? ! dignity ( woman to b$eck h]self 9 gewgaws & tr9kets1 9 ribbons & laces1 to gratify ! eye ( man4 ,i believe1 fur!rmore1 t we owe a solemn duty to ! poor4 ,_m a woman1 9 :at is call$ humble life1 sp5ds ne>ly all h] e>n+s 9 dress1 because %e wants to be z well attir$ z h] employ]4 ,x is (t5 argu$ t1 z ! birds & ! fl[]s are gaily adorn$ by nature's h&1 !re c be no s9 9 woman's ornam5t+ h] p]son4 ,my reply is1 ,god creat$ me nei!r a bird nor a fl[]2 & ,i aspire to some?+ m ?an a resemblance to !m4 ,besides1 ! gaudy colors 9 :i* birds & fl[]s are array$1 create 9 !m no feel+s ( vanity2 b z human be+s1 we are susceptible ( ^! passions1 :i* are nurtur$ & /r5g!n$ by su* adornm5ts4 #8,well1' ,i am (t5 ask$1 #8:]e is ! limitation8' ,?is x is n my bus9ess to decide4 ,e woman1 z ,judson rem>ks1 c be/ settle ?is on h] knees be=e ,god4 ,he has comm&$ h] n to be con=m$ to ?is _w1 b to be trans=m$ by ! r5ew+ ( h] m9d1 t %e may "k :at is ! good & acceptable & p]fect w ( ,god4 ,he made ! dress ( ! ,jewi% wom5 ! subject ( special d5unciation by 8 prophet--,is4 #c3 #af-bf2 yet ! *a9s & ! bracelets1 ! r+s & ! e>-r+s1 & ! *angeable suits ( app>el1 are /ill worn by ,*ri/ian wom54 ,he has comm&$ !m1 ?r\gh 8 apo/les1 n to adorn !mselves ) broid]$ hair1 or gold1 or pe>ls1 or co/ly array4 ,n to let _! adorn+ be ! #8outw>d adorn+ ( plait+ ! hair1 or ( we>+ ( gold1 or ( putt+ on ( app>el1 b let x be ! hidd5 man ( ! he>t1 9 t :i* is n corruptible1 ev5 ! ornam5t ( a meek & quiet _s1 :i* is 9 ! sight ( ,god ( great price2' yet we disreg>d ^! solemn admonitions4 ,may we n =m "s correct e/imate ( dress1 by ask+ ourselves h[ we %\ld feel1 if we saw m9i/]s ( ! gospel rise to address an audi5ce ) e>-r+s dangl+ f _! e>s1 glitt]+ r+s on _! f+]s1 & a wrea? ( artificial fl[]s on _! br[1 & ! re/ ( _! app>el 9 keep+8 ,if x w\ld be wrong = a m9i/]1 x is wrong = e pr(ess+ ,*ri/ian4 ,god makes no di/9ction betwe5 ! moral & religi\s duties ( m9i/]s & p4 ,we are b\nd to be #8a *os5 g5]ation1 a royal prie/hood1 a peculi> p1 a holy nation2 t we %\ld %[ =? ! praises ( him :o ha? call$ u out ( d>kness into 8 m>vell\s light4' ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,xii4 ,,legal ,,disabilities ,,( ,,wom54 ,concord1 #i? ,mo41 #f?1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,!re are few ?+s :i* pres5t great] ob/acles to ! improvem5t & elevation ( woman to h] appropriate sph]e ( usefulness & duty1 ?an ! laws :i* h be5 enact$ to de/roy h] indep5d5ce1 & cru% h] individuality2 laws :i*1 al?\gh !y are fram$ = h] gov]nm5t1 %e has _h no voice 9 e/abli%+1 & :i* rob h] ( "s ( h] ess5tial rights4 ,woman has no political exi/5ce4 ,) ! s+le exception ( pres5t+ a petition to ! legislative body1 %e is a ciph] 9 ! nation2 or1 if n actually s 9 repres5tative gov]nm5ts1 %e is only c\nt$1 l ! slaves ( ! ,s\?1 to swell ! numb] ( law-mak]s :o =m decrees = h] gov]nm5t1 ) little ref]5ce to h] b5efit1 except s f> z h] good may promote _! own4 ,i am n suffici5tly acqua9t$ ) ! laws respect+ wom5 on ! cont95t ( ,europe1 to say any?+ ab\t !m4 ,b ,pr(4 ,foll51 9 8 essay on #8,! ,cause ( ,fre$om 9 our ,c\ntry1' says1 #8,woman1 ?\gh fully possess$ ( t rational & moral nature :i* is ! f\ndation ( all rights1 enjoys among/ u few] legal rights ?an "u ! civil law ( cont95tal ,europe4' ,i %all conf9e myself to ! laws ( our c\ntry4 ,^! laws be> ) peculi> rigor on m>ri$ wom54 ,black/one1 9 ! *apt] entitl$ #8,( husb& & wife1' says3-- #8,by m>riage1 ! husb& & wife are "o p]son 9 law2 t is1 ! v be+1 or legal exi/5ce ( ! woman is susp5d$ dur+ ! m>riage1 or at lea/ is incorporat$ & consolidat$ into t ( ! husb& "u ^: w+1 protection & cov] %e p]=ms ev]y?+4' #8,= ?is reason1 a man _c grant any?+ to 8 wife1 or ent] into cov5ant ) h]2 = ! grant w\ld be to suppose h] sep>ate exi/5ce1 & to cov5ant ) h] w\ld be to cov5ant ) himself2 & !re=e x is also g5]ally true1 t all compacts made betwe5 husb& & wife :5 s+le1 are void$ by ! int]m>riage4 ,a woman inde$ may be attorney = h] husb&2 b t implies no sep>ation f1 b is r a repres5tation (1 h] love4' ,"h n[1 ! v be+ ( a woman1 l t ( a slave1 is absorb$ 9 h] ma/]4 ,all contracts made ) h]1 l ^? made ) slaves by _! own]s1 are a m]e nullity4 ,our k9d def5d]s h legislat$ away almo/ all our legal rights1 & 9 ! true _s ( su* inju/ice & oppression1 h kept u 9 ignorance ( ^? v laws by :i* we are gov]n$4 ,!y h p]suad$ u1 t we h no "r to inve/igate ! laws1 & t1 if we did1 we c\ld n compreh5d !m2 !y alone are capable ( und]/&+ ! my/]ies ( ,black/one1 c4 ,b !y are n backw>d to make u feel ! practical op]ation ( _! p[] ov] our actions4 #8,! husb& is b\nd to provide 8 wife ) necess>ies by law1 z mu* z himself2 & if %e contracts debts = !m1 he is oblig$ to pay = !m2 b = any?+ besides necess>ies1 he is n *>geable4' ,yet a man may sp5d ! prop]ty he has acquir$ by m>riage at ! ale-h\se1 ! gambl+ table1 or 9 any o!r way t he pleases4 ,_m in/ances ( ?is k9d h come to my k2 & wom51 :o h br\ght _! husb&s h&some =tunes1 h be5 left1 9 consequ5ce ( ! wa/eful & dissolute habits ( _! husb&s1 9 /rait5$ circum/ances1 & compell$ to toil = ! support ( _! families4 #8,if ! wife be indebt$ be=e m>riage1 ! husb& is b\nd aft]w>ds to pay ! debt2 = he has adopt$ h] & h] circum/ances toge!r4' ,! wife's prop]ty is1 ,i believe1 equally liable = h] husb&'s debts contract$ be=e m>riage4 #8,if ! wife be injur$ 9 h] p]son or prop]ty1 %e c br+ no action = r$ress )\t h] husb&'s concurr5ce1 & 8 "n z well z h] own3 nei!r c %e be su$1 )\t mak+ h] husb& a def5dant4' ,?is law t #8a wife c br+ no action1' c41 is simil> to ! law respect+ slaves1 #8,a slave _c br+ a suit aga9/ 8 ma/]1 or any o!r p]son1 = an injury--8 ma/]1 mu/ br+ x4' ,s if any damages are recov]$ = an injury committ$ on a wife1 ! husb& pockets x2 9 ! case ( ! slave1 ! ma/] does ! same4 #8,9 crim9al prosecutions1 ! wife may be indict$ & puni%$ sep>ately1 unless !re be evid5ce ( co]cion f ! fact t ! (f5ce 0 committ$ 9 ! pres5ce1 or by ! comm& ( h] husb&4 ,a wife is excus$ f puni%m5t = !ft committ$ 9 ! pres5ce1 or by ! comm& ( h] husb&4' ,x w\ld be difficult to frame a law bett] calculat$ to de/roy ! responsibility ( woman z a moral be+1 or a free ag5t4 ,h] husb& is suppos$ to possess unlimit$ control ov] h]2 & if %e c (f] ! flimsy excuse t he bade h] /eal1 %e may break ! eigh? comm&m5t ) impunity1 z f> z human laws are conc]n$4 #8,our law1 9 g5]al1 consid]s man & wife z "o p]son2 yet !re are "s in/ances 9 :i* %e is sep>ately consid]$1 z inf]ior to him & act+ by 8 compulsion4 ,!re=e1 all de$s execut$1 & acts done by h] dur+ h] cov]ture 7i4 e4 m>riage17 are void1 except x be a f9e1 or l matt] ( record1 9 :i* case %e mu/ be solely & secretly exam9$1 to le>n if h] act be volunt>y4' ,su* a law speaks volumes ( ! abuse ( t p[] :i* m5 h ve/$ 9 _! own h&s4 ,/ill ! private exam9ation ( a wife1 to "k :e!r %e acc$es to ! disposition ( prop]ty made by h] husb& is1 9 mo/ cases1 a m]e =m2 a wife d>es n d :at w be disagreeable to "o :o is1 9 8 own e/imation1 h] sup]ior1 & :o makes h] feel1 9 ! privacy ( dome/ic life1 t %e has ?w>t$ him4 ,) respect to ! nullity ( de$s or acts done by a wife1 ,i w m5tion "o circum/ance4 ,a respectable woman borr[$ ( a female fri5d a sum ( money to relieve h] son f "s di/ress+ pecuni>y emb>rassm5t4 ,h] husb& 0 f home1 & %e assur$ ! l5d]1 t z soon z he return$1 he w\ld gratefully dis*>ge ! debt4 ,%e gave h] note1 & ! l5d]1 entirely ignorant ( ! law t a man is n oblig$ to dis*>ge su* a debt1 actually borr[$ ! money1 & l5t x to ! di/ress$ & weep+ "m4 ,! fa!r return$ home1 refus$ to pay ! debt1 & ! p]son :o _h loan$ ! money 0 oblig$ to pay bo? pr9cipal & int]e/ to ! fri5d :o l5t x to h]4 ,wom5 %\ld c]ta9ly "k ! laws by :i* !y are gov]n$1 & f :i* !y frequ5tly suff]2 yet !y are kept 9 ignorance1 ne>ly z pr(\nd1 ( _! legal rights1 & ( ! legislative enactm5ts :i* are to regulate _! actions1 z slaves4 #8,! husb&1 by ! old law1 might give 8 wife mod]ate correction1 z he is to answ] = h] misbehavior4 ,! law ?\ght x reasonable to entru/ him ) ?is p[] ( re/ra9+ h] by dome/ic *a/isem5t4 ,! c\rts ( law w /ill p]mit a husb& to re/ra9 a wife ( h] lib]ty1 9 case ( any gross misbehavior4' ,:at a mortify+ pro( ?is law af=ds1 ( ! e/imation 9 :i* woman is held6 ,%e is plac$ completely 9 ! h&s ( a be+ subject l h]self to ! outbur/s ( passion1 & !re=e unwor?y to be tru/$ ) p[]4 ,p]haps ,i may be told respect+ ?is law1 t x is a dead lett]1 z ,i am sometimes told ab\t ! slave laws2 b ?is is n true 9 ei!r case4 ,! slavehold] does kill 8 slave by mod]ate correction1 z ! law all[s2 & _m a husb&1 among ! poor1 ex]cises ! "r giv5 him by ! law1 ( degrad+ woman by p]sonal *a/isem5t4 ,& among ! high] ranks1 if actual imprisonm5t is n resort$ to1 wom5 are n unfrequ5tly re/ra9$ ( ! lib]ty ( go+ to places ( wor%ip by irreligi\s husb&s1 & ( do+ _m o!r ?+s ab\t :i*1 z moral & responsible be+s1 !y %\ld be ! sole judges4 ,su* laws rem9d me ( ! reply ( "s little girls at a *ildr5's meet+ held rec5tly at ,ipswi*4 ,! lectur] told !m t ,god _h creat$ f\r ord]s ( be+s ) :i* he _h made u acqua9t$ ?r\gh ! ,bible4 ,! fir/ 0 angels1 ! second 0 man1 ! ?ird bea/s2 & n[1 *ildr51 :at is ! f\r?8 ,aft] a pause1 sev]al girls repli$1 #8,,wom54' #8,a woman's p]sonal prop]ty by m>riage becomes absolutely h] husb&'s1 :i*1 at 8 dea?1 he may leave entirely away f h]4' ,& f>!r1 all ! avails ( h] labor are absolutely 9 ! p[] ( h] husb&4 ,all t %e acquires by h] indu/ry is 82 s t %e _c1 ) h] own hone/ e>n+s1 become ! legal pur*as] ( any prop]ty4 ,if %e exp5ds h] money = articles ( furniture1 to contribute to ! com=t ( h] family1 !y are liable to be seiz$ = h] husb&'s debts3 & ,i "k an in/ance ( a woman1 :o by labor & economy _h scrap$ toge!r a little ma9t5ance = h]self & a d-little husb&1 :o 0 left1 at 8 dea?1 by virtue ( 8 la/ w & te/am5t1 to be support$ by *>ity4 ,i knew ano!r woman1 :o by great indu/ry _h acquir$ a little money :i* %e deposit$ 9 a bank = safe keep+4 ,%e _h sav$ ?is pittance :il/ able to "w1 9 hopes t :5 age or sickness disqualifi$ h] = ex]tion1 %e might h some?+ to r5d] life com=table1 )\t be+ a burd5 to h] fri5ds4 ,h] husb&1 a wor?less1 idle man1 discov]$ ?is hid treasure1 drew h] little /ock f ! bank1 & exp5d$ x all 9 extravagance & vici\s indulg5ce4 ,i "k ( ano!r woman1 :o m>ri$ )\t ! lea/ idea t %e 0 surr5d]+ h] rights to all h] p]sonal prop]ty4 ,accord+ly1 %e w5t to ! bank z usual to draw h] divid5ds1 & ! p]son :o paid h] ! money1 & to :om %e 0 p]sonally kn[n z an own] ( %>es 9 t bank1 rem>k+ ! *ange 9 h] signature1 )drew ! money1 in=m+ h] t if %e 7 m>ri$1 %e _h no long] a "r to draw h] divid5ds )\t an ord] f h] husb&4 ,x appe>$ t %e int5d$ hav+ a little fund = private use1 & _h n ev5 told h] husb& t %e own$ ?is /ock1 & %e 0 n a little *agr9$1 :5 %e f\nd t x 0 n at h] disposal4 ,i ?9k %e 0 wrong to conceal ! circum/ance4 ,! relation ( husb& & wife is too ne> & sacr$ to admit ( secrecy ab\t money matt]s1 unless positive necessity dem&s x2 & ,i c see no excuse = any woman ent]+ into a m>riage engagem5t ) a design to keep h] husb& ignorant t %e 0 possess$ ( prop]ty4 ,if %e 0 unwill+ to give up h] prop]ty to 8 disposal1 %e _h inf9itely bett] h rema9$ s+le4 ,! laws above cit$ are n v unlike ! slave laws ( ,l\isiana4 #8,all t a slave possesses belongs to 8 ma/]2 he possesses no?+ ( 8 own1 except :at 8 ma/] *ooses he %\ld possess4' #8,by ! m>riage1 ! husb& is absolutely ma/] ( ! pr(its ( ! wife's l&s dur+ ! cov]ture1 & if he has _h a liv+ *ild1 & survives ! wife1 he reta9s ! :ole ( ^? l&s1 if !y are e/ates ( inh]itance1 dur+ 8 life2 b ! wife is entitl$ only to "o ?ird if %e survives1 out ( ! husb&'s e/ates ( inh]itance4 ,b ?is %e has1 :e!r %e has _h a *ild or n4' #8,) reg>d to ! prop]ty ( wom51 !re is taxation )\t repres5tation2 = !y pay taxes )\t hav+ ! lib]ty ( vot+ = repres5tatives4' ,& ?is taxation1 )\t repres5tation1 be x rememb]$1 0 ! cause ( our ,revolution>y w>1 a grievance s heavy1 t x 0 ?\ght necess>y to pur*ase exemption f x at an imm5se exp5se ( blood & treasure1 yet ! daught]s ( ,new ,engl&1 z well z ( all ! o!r ,/ates ( ?is free ,republic1 are suff]+ a simil> inju/ice--b = "o1 ,i _h r we %\ld suff] any inju/ice or oppression1 ?an t my sex %\ld h any voice 9 ! political affairs ( ! nation4 ,! laws ,i h quot$1 are1 ,i believe1 ! laws ( ,massa*usetts1 &1 ) few exceptions1 ( all ! ,/ates 9 ?is ,union4 #8,9 ,l\isiana & ,miss\ri1 & possibly1 9 "s o!r s\!rn ,/ates1 a woman n only has half h] husb&'s prop]ty by "r at 8 dea?1 b may always be consid]$ z possess$ ( half 8 ga9s dur+ 8 life2 hav+ at all times p[] to bequea? t am\nt4' ,t ! laws :i* h g5]ally be5 adopt$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = ! gov]nm5t ( wom51 h be5 fram$ almo/ entirely = ! exclusive b5efit ( m51 & ) a design to oppress wom51 by depriv+ !m ( all control ov] _! prop]ty1 is too manife/ to be d5i$4 ,"s lib]al & enlight5$ m51 ,i "k1 regret ! exi/5ce ( ^! laws2 & ,i quote ) pleasure an extract f ,h>riet ,m>t9eau's ,society 9 ,am]ica1 z a pro( ( ! ass]tion4 #8,a lib]al m9d$ lawy] ( ,bo/on1 told me t 8 advice to te/ators always is to leave ! l>ge/ possible am\nt to ! wid[1 subject to ! condition ( h] leav+ x to ! *ildr52 b t x is ) %ame t he reflects t any woman %\ld owe t to 8 pr(essional advice1 :i* ! law %\ld h secur$ to h] z a "r4' ,i h kn[n a few in/ances :]e m5 h left _! :ole prop]ty to _! wives1 :5 !y h di$1 leav+ only m9or *ildr52 b ,i h kn[n m in/ances ( #8! fri5d & help] ( _m ye>s1 be+ portion$ (f l a sal>i$ dome/ic1' in/ead ( hav+ a com=table indep5d5ce secur$ to h]1 :ile ! *ildr5 7 amply provid$ =4 ,z ^! abuses d exi/1 & wom5 suff] int5sely f !m1 our bre?r5 are call$ ^u 9 ?is enlight5$ age1 by e s5tim5t ( honor1 religion & ju/ice1 to repeal ^! unju/ & unequal laws1 & re/ore to woman ^? rights :i* !y h wre/$ f h]4 ,su* laws approximate too ne>ly to ! laws enact$ by slavehold]s = ! gov]nm5t ( _! slaves1 & mu/ t5d to debase & depress ! m9d ( t be+1 :om ,god creat$ z a help meet = man1 or #8help] l unto himself1' & design$ to be 8 equal & 8 companion4 ,until su* laws are annull$1 woman nev] c occupy t exalt$ /ation = :i* %e 0 int5d$ by h] ,mak]4 ,& j 9 proportion z !y are practically disreg>d$1 :i* is ! case to "s ext5t1 j s f> is woman assum+ t indep5d5ce & nobility ( "* :i* %e ought to exhibit4 ,! v>i\s laws :i* ,i h transcrib$1 leave wom5 v little m lib]ty1 or p[]1 9 "s respects1 ?an ! slave4 #8,a slave1' says ! civil code ( ,l\isiana1 #8is "o :o is 9 ! p[] ( a ma/]1 to :om he belongs4 ,he c possess no?+1 nor acquire any?+1 b :at mu/ belong to 8 ma/]4' ,i d n wi% by any means to intimate t ! condition ( free wom5 c be comp>$ to t ( slaves 9 suff]+1 or 9 degradation2 /ill1 ,i believe ! laws :i* deprive m>ri$ wom5 ( _! rights & privileges1 h a t5d5cy to less5 !m 9 _! own e/imation z moral & responsible be+s1 & t _! be+ made by civil law inf]ior to _! husb&s1 has a debas+ & mis*iev\s effect ^u !m1 tea*+ !m practically ! fatal lesson to look unto man = protection & indulg5ce4 ,ecclesia/ical bodies1 ,i believe1 )\t exception1 foll[ ! example ( legislative assemblies1 9 exclud+ woman f any p>ticipation 9 =m+ ! discipl9e by :i* %e is gov]n$4 ,! m5 frame ! laws1 &1 ) few exceptions1 claim to execute !m on bo? sexes4 ,9 ecclesia/ical1 z well z civil c\rts1 woman is tri$ & condemn$1 n by a jury ( h] pe]s1 b by be+s1 :o reg>d !mselves z h] sup]iors 9 ! scale ( creation4 ,al?\gh look$ ^u z an inf]ior1 :5 consid]$ z an intellectual be+1 woman is puni%$ ) ! same sev]ity z man1 :5 %e is guilty ( moral (f5ces4 ,h] condition resembles1 9 "s measure1 t ( ! slave1 :o1 :ile he is d5i$ ! advantages ( 8 m enlight5$ ma/]1 is treat$ ) ev5 great] rigor ( ! law4 ,hop+ t 9 ! v>i\s re=mations ( ! day1 wom5 may be reliev$ f "s ( _! legal disabilities1 ,i rema91 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,xiii4 ,,relation ,,( ,,husb& ,,& ,,wife4 ,brookl9e1 #i? ,mo41 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,p]haps "s p]sons may wond] t ,i %\ld attempt to ?r[ out my views on ! important subject ( m>riage1 & may conclude t ,i am altoge!r disqualifi$ = ! task1 because ,i lack exp]i5ce4 ,h[ev]1 ,i %all n und]take to settle ! specific duties ( husb&s & wives1 b only to exhibit op9ions bas$ on ! ^w ( ,god1 & =m$ f a little k ( human nature1 & close obs]vation ( ! work+ ( g5]ally receiv$ notions respect+ ! dom9ion ( man ov] woman4 ,:5 ,jehovah u%]$ into exi/5ce man1 creat$ 9 8 own image1 he in/itut$ m>riage z a "p ( p>adisaical happ9ess3 x 0 a div9e ord9ation1 n a civil contract4 ,god e/abli%$ x1 & man1 except by special p]mission1 has no "r to annul x4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! creation ( ,eve p]fect$ ! happ9ess ( ,adam2 h5ce1 our all-wise & m]ciful ,fa!r made h] z he made ,adam1 9 8 own image aft] 8 lik5ess1 cr[n$ h] ) glory & honor1 & plac$ 9 h] h&1 z well z 9 81 ! sceptre ( dom9ion ov] ! :ole l[] creation4 ,:]e !re 0 p]fect equality1 & ! same ability to receive & compreh5d div9e tru?1 & to obey div9e injunctions1 !re c\ld be no sup]iority4 ,if ,god _h plac$ ,eve "u ! gu>dian%ip ( ,adam1 aft] hav+ end[$ h]1 z ri*ly z him1 ) moral p]ceptions1 intellectual faculties1 & spiritual appreh5sions1 he w\ld at once h int]pos$ a fallible be+ betwe5 h] & h] ,mak]4 ,he c\ld n1 9 simple consi/5cy ) himself1 h done ?is2 = ! ,bible teems ) in/ructions n to put any confid5ce 9 man4 ,! passage on :i* ! g5]ally receiv$ op9ion1 t husb&s are inve/$ by div9e comm& ) au?ority ov] _! wives1 z ,i h rem>k$ 9 a previ\s lett]1 is a pr$iction2 & ,i am confirm$ 9 ?is belief1 because ! same language is us$ to ,ca9 respect+ ,abel4 ,! text is obscure2 b on a comp>ison ( x ) subsequ5t ev5ts1 x appe>s to me t x 0 a prophecy ( ! dom9ion :i* ,ca9 w\ld usurp ov] 8 bro!r1 & :i* issu$ 9 ! murd] ( ,abel4 ,x c\ld n allude to any ?+ b physical dom9ion1 because ,ca9 _h already exhibit$ ^? evil passions :i* subsequ5tly l$ him to become an assass94 ,i h already %[n1 t man has ex]cis$ ! mo/ unlimit$ & brutal p[] ov] woman1 9 ! peculi> "* ( husb&1--a ^w 9 mo/ c\ntries synonym\s ) tyrant4 ,i %all n1 !re=e1 adduce any fur!r pro(s ( ! fulfilm5t ( t prophecy1 #8,he w rule ov] !e1' f ! hi/ory ( hea!n nations1 b j glance at ! condition ( woman 9 ! relation ( wife 9 ,*ri/ian c\ntries4 #8,previ\s to ! introduction ( ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! /ate ( society 0 wret*$ly diseas$4 ,! relation ( ! sexes to ea* o!r _h become s gross 9 its manife/$ =ms1 t x 0 difficult to p]ceive ! pure cons]vative pr9ciple 9 its inw>d ess5ce4' ,*ri/ianity came 91 at ?is juncture1 ) its hall[$ influ5ce1 & has )\t d\bt t5d$ to light5 ! yoke ( bondage1 to purify ! mann]s1 & give ! spiritual 9 "s degree an empire ov] ! animal nature4 ,/ill1 t /ate :i* 0 design$ by ,god to increase ! happ9ess ( woman z well z man1 (t5 proves ! means ( less5+ h] com=t1 & degrad+ h] into ! m]e ma*9e ( ano!r's conv5i5ce & pleasure4 ,woman1 in/ead ( be+ elevat$ by h] union ) man1 :i* might be expect$ f an alliance ) a sup]ior be+1 is 9 reality l[]$4 ,%e g5]ally loses h] individuality1 h] indep5d5t "*1 h] moral be+4 ,%e becomes absorb$ into him1 & h5ce=? is look$ at1 & acts ?r\gh ! m$ium ( h] husb&4 ,9 ! weal?y classes ( society1 & ^? :o are 9 com=table circum/ances1 wom5 are exempt f great corporeal ex]tion1 & are protect$ by public op9ion1 & by ! g5ial influ5ce ( ,*ri/ianity1 f mu* physical ill treatm5t4 ,/ill1 !re is a va/ am\nt ( secret suff]+ endur$1 f ! =c$ submission ( wom5 to ! op9ions & :ims ( _! husb&s4 ,h5ce !y are frequ5tly driv5 to use deception1 to compass _! ends4 ,!y are e>ly taught t to appe> to yield1 is ! only way to gov]n4 ,mis]able sophism6 ,i deprecate su* s5tim5ts1 z be+ peculi>ly ho/ile to ! dignity ( woman4 ,if %e submits1 let h] d x op5ly1 honorably1 n to ga9 h] po9t1 b z a matt] ( ,*ri/ian duty4 ,b let h] bew>e h[ %e p]mits h] husb& to be h] consci5ce-keep]4 ,on all moral & religi\s subjects1 %e is b\nd to ?9k & to act = h]self4 ,:]e confid5ce & love exi/1 a wife w naturally conv]se ) h] husb& z ) h] de>e/ fri5d1 on all t int]e/s h] he>t1 & !re w be a p]fectly free int]*ange ( s5tim5t2 b %e is no m b\nd to be gov]n$ by 8 judgm5t1 ?an he is by h]s4 ,!y are /&+ on ! same plat=m ( human rights1 are equally "u ! gov]nm5t ( ,god1 & acc\ntable to him1 & him alone4 ,i h sometimes be5 a/oni%$ & griev$ at ! s]vitude ( wom51 & at ! little idea _m ( !m seem to h ( _! own moral exi/5ce & responsibilities4 ,a woman :o is ask$ to sign a petition = ! abolition ( slav]y 9 ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia1 or to jo9 a society = ! purpose ( c>ry+ =w>d ! annihilation ( ,am]ican slav]y1 or any o!r great re=mation1 n unfrequ5tly replies1 #8,my husb& does n approve ( x4' ,%e m]ges h] rights & h] duties 9 h] husb&1 & ?us virtually *ooses him = a savior & a k+1 & rejects ,*ri/ z h] ,rul] & ,r$eem]4 ,i "k "s wom5 are v glad ( s conv5i5t a pretext to %ield !mselves f ! p]=mance ( duty2 b !re are o!rs1 :o1 "u a mi/ak5 view ( _! obligations z wives1 submit consci5ti\sly to ?is species ( oppression1 & g m\rn+ on _! way1 = want ( t holy =titude1 :i* w\ld enable !m to fulfil _! duties z moral & responsible be+s1 )\t ref]5ce to poor fall5 man4 ,o t woman may arise 9 h] dignity z an immortal creature1 & speak1 ?9k & act z unto ,god1 & n unto man6 ,!re is1 p]haps1 less bondage ( m9d among ! poor] classes1 because _! sph]e ( duty is m contract$1 & !y are depriv$ ( ! means ( intellectual culture1 & ( ! opportunity ( ex]cis+ _! judgm5t1 on _m moral subjects ( deep int]e/ & ( vital importance4 ,au?ority is call$ into ex]cise by resi/ance1 & h5ce !re w be m5tal bondage only 9 proportion z ! faculties ( m9d are evolv$1 & woman feels h]self z a rational & intellig5t be+1 on a foot+ ) man4 ,b wom51 among ! l[e/ classes ( society1 s f> z my obs]vation has ext5d$1 suff] int5sely f ! brutality ( _! husb&s4 ,duty z well z incl9ation has l$ me1 = _m ye>s1 into ! abodes ( pov]ty & sorr[1 & ,i h be5 amaz$ at ! treatm5t :i* wom5 receive at ! h&s ( ^?1 :o arrogate to !mselves ! epi!t ( protectors4 ,brute =ce1 ! law ( viol5ce1 rules to a great ext5t 9 ! poor man's domicil2 & woman is little m ?an 8 drudge4 ,!y are less "u ! sup]vision ( public op9ion1 less "u ! re/ra9ts ( education1 & unaid$ or unbias$ by ! ref9em5ts ( poli%$ society4 ,religion1 :]ev] x exi/s1 supplies ! place ( all ^!2 b ! real cause ( woman's degradation & suff]+ 9 m>ri$ life is to be f\nd 9 ! errone\s notion ( h] inf]iority to man2 & nev] w %e be rightly reg>d$ by h]self1 or o!rs1 until ?is op9ion1 s d]ogatory to ! wisdom & m]cy ( ,god1 is explod$1 & woman arises 9 all ! maje/y ( h] womanhood1 to claim ^? rights :i* are insep>able f h] exi/5ce z an immortal1 intellig5t & responsible be+4 ,indep5d5t ( ! fact1 t ,jehovah c\ld n1 consi/5tly ) 8 "* z ! ,k+1 ! ,lawgiv]1 & ! ,judge ( 8 p1 give ! re9s ( gov]nm5t ov] woman into ! h&s ( man1 ,i f9d t all 8 comm&s1 all 8 moral laws1 are address$ to wom5 z well z to m54 ,:5 he assembl$ ,israel at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,s9ai1 to issue 8 comm&m5ts1 we may reasonably suppose he gave all ! precepts1 :i* he consid]$ necess>y = ! gov]nm5t ( moral be+s4 ,h5ce we f9d t ,god says1--#8,honor ?y fa!r & ?y "m1' & he en=ces ?is comm&1 by sev]e p5alties ^u ^? :o transgress x3 #8,he t smite? 8 fa!r1 or 8 "m1 %all surely be put to dea?'--#8,he t curse? 8 fa!r1 or 8 "m1 %all surely be put to dea?'--,ex4 #ba3 #ae1 #ag4 ,b 9 ! decalogue1 !re is no direction giv5 to wom5 to obey _! husb&s3 bo? are comm&$ to h no o!r ,god b ,jehovah1 & n to b[ d[n1 or s]ve any o!r4 ,:5 ! ,"l ,jesus deliv]$ 8 s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 full ( ! practical precepts ( religion1 he did n issue any comm& to wives to obey _! husb&s4 ,:5 he is speak+ on ! subject ( divorce1 ,m>k #af3 #aa1 #ab1 he places m5 & wom5 on ! same gr\nd4 ,& ! ,apo/le1 #a/ ,cor4 #g3 #ab1 #ac1 speak+ ( ! duties ( ! ,cor9?ian wives & husb&s1 :o _h embrac$ ,*ri/ianity1 to _! unconv]t$ p>tn]s1 po9ts out ! same pa? to bo?1 al?\gh our translators h made a di/9ction4 #8,let him n put h] away1' #ab--#8,let h] n leave him1' #ac--;is precisely ! same 9 ! orig9al4 ,if man is con/itut$ ! gov]nor ( woman1 he mu/ be h] ,god2 & ! s5tim5t express$ to me lately1 by a m>ri$ man1 is p]fectly correct3 #8,9 my op9ion1' said he1 #8! greate/ excell5ce to :i* a m>ri$ woman c atta91 is to wor%ip h] husb&4' ,he 0 a pr(essor ( religion--8 wife a lovely & intellig5t woman4 ,he only spoke out :at ?\s&s ?9k & act4 ,wom5 are indebt$ to ,milton = giv+ to ?is false notion1 #8confirmation /rong z pro( ( holy writ4' ,8 ,eve is embelli%$ ) e p]sonal grace1 to gratify ! eye ( h] admir+ husb&2 b he seems to h furni%$ ! "m ( mank9d ) j intellig5ce en\gh to compreh5d h] suppos$ inf]iority to ,adam1 & to yield unresi/+ submission to h] "l & ma/]4 ,milton puts into ,eve's m\? ! foll[+ address to ,adam3 #8,my au?or & dispos]1 :at ?\ bid/1 ,un>gu$ ,i obey2 s ,god orda9s-- ,god is ?y law1 ?\ m9e3 to "k no m1 ,is woman's happie/ k & h] praise4' ,?is mu* admir$ s5tim5tal nons5se is fraught ) absurdity & wick$ness4 ,if x 7 true1 ! comm&m5t ( ,jehovah %\ld h run ?us3 ,man %all h no o!r gods be=e ,,me1 & woman %all h no o!r gods be=e ,,man4 ,! pr9cipal support ( ! dogma ( woman's inf]iority1 & consequ5t submission to h] husb&1 is f\nd 9 "s passages ( ,paul's epi/les4 ,i %all proce$ to exam9e ^? passages1 premis+ #a/1 t ! antiquity ( ! op9ions bas$ on ! false con/ruction ( ^? passages1 has no weight ) me3 !y are ! op9ions ( int]e/$ judges1 & ,i h no p>ticul> rev]5ce = !m1 m]ely because !y h be5 reg>d$ ) v5]ation f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,s f> f ?is be+ ! case1 ,i exam9e any op9ions ( c5turies /&+1 ) z mu* fre$om1 & inve/igate !m ) z mu* c>e1 z if !y 7 ( ye/]day4 ,i 0 educat$ to ?9k = myself1 & x is a privilege ,i %all always claim to ex]cise4 #b;d4 ,not)/&+ my full belief t ! apo/le ,paul's te/imony1 respect+ himself1 is true1 #8,i 0 n a :it beh9d ! *iefe/ ( ! apo/les1' yet ,i believe 8 m9d 0 "u ! influ5ce ( ,jewi% prejudices respect+ wom51 j z ,pet]'s & ! apo/les 7 ab\t ! uncleanness ( ! ,g5tiles4 #8,! ,jews1' says ,cl>ke1 #8w\ld n suff] a woman to read 9 ! synagogue1 al?\gh a s]vant1 or ev5 a *ild1 _h ?is p]mission4' ,:5 ,i see ,paul %av+ 8 head = a v[1 & (f]+ sacrifices1 & circumcis+ ,timo?y1 to accommodate himself to ! prepossessions ( 8 c\ntrym51 ,i d n conceive t ,i d]ogate 9 ! lea/ f 8 "* z an inspir$ apo/le1 to suppose t he may h be5 imbu$ ) ! preval5t prejudices aga9/ wom54 ,9 #a/ ,cor4 #aa3 #c1 aft] prais+ ! ,cor9?ian conv]ts1 because !y kept ! #8ord9ances1' or #8traditions1' z ! m>g9 reads1 ! apo/le says1 #8,i w\ld h y "k1 t ! head ( e man is ,*ri/1 & ! head ( ! woman is ! man2 & ! head ( ,*ri/ is ,god4' ,eph4 #e3 #bc1 is a p>allel passage4 #8,= ! husb& is ! head ( ! wife1 ev5 z ,*ri/ is ! head ( ! ,*ur*4' ,! apo/le closes 8 rem>ks on ?is subject1 by obs]v+1 #8,?is is a great my/]y1 b ,i speak conc]n+ ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur*4' ,i %all pass ov] ?is ) simply rem>k+1 t ,god & ,*ri/ are "o4 #8,i & my ,fa!r are "o1' & !re c be no inf]iority :]e !re is no divisibility4 ,! comm5t>ies on ?is & simil> texts1 af=d a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! ideas :i* m5 ent]ta9 ( _! own sup]iority1 ,i %all subjo9 ,h5ry's rem>ks on #a/ ,cor4 #aa3 #e1 z a specim53 #8,to und]/& ?is text1 x mu/ be obs]v$1 t x 0 a signification ei!r ( %ame1 or subjection1 = p]sons to be veil$1 or cov]$ 9 ,ea/]n c\ntries2 contr>y to ! cu/om ( ours1 :]e ! be+ b>e-head$ betok5s subjection1 & be+ cov]$ sup]iority & dom9ion2 & ?is w help u ! bett] to und]/& ! reason on :i* he gr\nds 8 repreh5sion1 #8,e man pray+1 c4 di%onore? 8 head1' i4 e4 ,*ri/1 ! head ( e man1 by appe>+ 9 a habit unsuitable to ! rank 9 :i* ,god _h plac$ him4 ,! woman1 on ! o!r h&1 t prays1 c4 di%onore? h] head1 i4 e4 ! man4 ,%e appe>s 9 ! dress ( h] sup]ior1 & ?r[s (f ! tok5 ( h] subjection2 %e might ) equal dec5cy cut h] hair %ort1 or cut x (f1 ! common dress ( ! man 9 t age4 ,ano!r reason aga9/ ?is conduct 01 t ! man is ! image & glory ( ,god1 ! repres5tative ( t glori\s dom9ion & head%ip :i* ,god has ov] ! _w4 ,x is ! man :o is set at ! head ( ?is l[] creation1 & !re9 be>s ! resemblance ( ,god4 ,! woman1 on ! o!r h&1 is ! glory ( ! man3 %e is 8 repres5tative4 ,n b %e has dom9ion ov] ! inf]ior creatures1 & %e is a p>tak] ( human nature1 & s f> is ,god's repres5tative too1 b x is at second h&4 ,%e is ! image ( ,god1 inasmu* z %e is ! image ( ! man4 ,! man 0 fir/ made1 & made head ( ! creation "h bel[1 & !re9 ! image ( ! div9e dom9ion2 & ! woman 0 made out ( ! man1 & %one ) a reflection ( 8 glory1 be+ made sup]ior to ! o!r creatures "h bel[1 b 9 subjection to h] husb&1 & d]iv+ t honor f him1 out ( :om %e 0 made4 ,! woman 0 made = ! man to be 8 help meet1 & n ! man = ! woman4 ,%e 01 naturally1 !re=e1 made subject to him1 because made = him1 = ,,8 ,,use ,,& ,,help ,,& ,,com=t4' ,we see 9 ! above quotation1 :at degrad+ views ev5 good m5 ent]ta9 ( wom54 ,pity ! ,psalmi/ _h n ?r[n a little light on ?is subject1 :5 he 0 p>aphras+ ! acc\nt ( man's creation4 #8,?\ ha/ made him a little l[] ?an ! angels1 & ha/ cr[n$ him ) glory & honor4 ,?\ made/ him to h dom9ion ov] ! works ( ?y h&s2 ?\ ha/ put all ?+s "u 8 feet4' ,surely if woman _h be5 plac$ bel[ man1 & 0 to %9e only by a lu/re borr[$ f him1 we %\ld h "s cle> evid5ce ( x 9 ! sacr$ volume4 ,h5ry puts h] exactly on a level ) ! bea/s2 !y 7 made = ! use1 help & com=t ( man2 & accord+ to ?is comm5tator1 ?is 0 ! :ole end & design ( ! creation ( woman4 ,! idea t man1 z man is sup]ior to woman1 involves an absurdity s gross1 t ,i really wond] h[ any man ( reflection c receive x z ( div9e orig92 & ,i c only acc\nt = x1 by t passion = supremacy1 :i* *>act]izes man z a corrupt & fall5 creature4 ,if x be true t he is m excell5t ?an %e1 z man1 indep5d5t ( 8 moral & intellectual p[]s1 !n e man is sup]ior by virtue ( 8 man%ip1 to e woman4 ,! man :o s9ks 8 moral capacities & spiritual p[]s 9 8 s5sual appetites1 is /ill1 z a man1 simply by ! con=mation ( 8 body1 a m dignifi$ be+1 ?an ! woman ^: intellectual p[]s are highly cultivat$1 & ^: approximation to ! "* ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is exhibit$ 9 a blameless life & conv]sation4 ,b x is /r5u\sly urg$ by ^?1 :o are anxi\s to ma9ta9 _! usurp$ au?ority1 t wives are1 9 v>i\s passages ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 comm&$ to obey _! husb&s4 ,let u exam9e ^! texts4 ,eph4 #e3 #bb4 #8,wives1 submit y\rselves unto y\r own husb&s z unto ! ,"l4' #8,z ! *ur* is subject unto ,*ri/1 s let ! wives be to _! own husb&s 9 e ?+4' ,col4 #c3 #ah4 ,wives1 submit y\rselves unto y\r own husb&s1 z x is fit 9 ! ,"l4' #a/ ,pet4 #c3 #b4 #8,likewise ye wives1 be 9 subjection to y\r own husb&s2 t if any obey n ! ^w1 !y may also )\t ! ^w be won by ! conv]sation ( ! wives4' ,accompany+ all ^! directions to wives1 are comm&s to husb&s4 ,eph4 #e3 #be4 #8,husb&s1 love y\r wives ev5 z ,*ri/ lov$ ! ,*ur*1 & gave himself = x4' #8,s ought m5 to love _! wives z _! own bodies4 ,he t love? 8 wife1 love? himself4' ,col4 #c3 #ai4 #8,husb&s1 love y\r wives1 & be n bitt] aga9/ !m4' #a/ ,pet4 #c3 #g4 #8,likewise ye husb&s1 dwell ) !m accord+ to k1 giv+ honor unto ! wife z unto ! weak] vessel1 & z be+ heirs toge!r ( ! grace ( life4' ,i may j rem>k1 9 relation to ! expression #8weak] vessel1' t ! ^w 9 ! orig9al has no ref]5ce to intellect3 x ref]s to physical weakness m]ely4 ,! apo/les 7 writ+ to ,*ri/ian conv]ts1 & lay+ d[n rules = _! conduct t[>ds _! unconv]t$ consorts4 ,x no d\bt frequ5tly happ5$1 t a husb& or a wife w\ld embrace ,*ri/ianity1 :ile _! companions clung to hea!nism1 & husb&s might be tempt$ to dislike & despise ^?1 :o p]t9aci\sly adh]$ to _! pagan sup]/itions4 ,& wives :o1 :5 !y 7 pagans1 submitt$ z a matt] ( c\rse to _! hea!n husb&s1 might be tempt$ kn[+ t !y 7 sup]ior z moral & religi\s *>act]s1 to ass]t t sup]iority1 by pay+ less def]5ce to !m ?an h]et(ore4 ,let u exam9e ! context ( ^! passages1 & see :at are ! gr\nds ( ! directions "h giv5 to husb&s & wives4 ,! :ole epi/le to ! ,ephesians brea!s a _s ( love4 ,! apo/le besee*es ! conv]ts to walk wor?y ( ! vocation :]e) !y are call$1 ) all l[l9ess & meekness1 ) long suff]+1 =be>+ "o ano!r 9 love4 ,! v]se prec$+ #e1 #bb1 is #8,,submitt+ ,,y\rselves ,,"o ,,to ,,ano!r ,,9 ,,! ,,fe> ,,( ,,god4' ,colossians #c1 f #aa to #ag1 conta9s simil> injunctions4 ,! #ag? v]se says1 #8,:atsoev] ye d 9 ^w1 or 9 de$1 d all 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l ,jesus4' ,pet]1 aft] draw+ a mo/ t\*+ picture ( ,*ri/'s suff]+s = u1 & rem9d+ ! ,*ri/ians1 t he _h left u an example t we %\ld foll[ 8 /eps1 #8:o did no s91 nei!r 0 guile f\nd 9 8 m\?1' exhorts wives to be 9 subjection1 c4 ,f an att5tive consid]ation ( ^! passages1 & ( ^? 9 :i* ! same words #8submit1' #8subjection1' are us$1 ,i _c b believe t ! apo/les design$ to recomm5d to wives1 z !y did to subjects & to s]vants1 to c>ry out ! holy pr9ciple laid d[n by ,jesus ,*ri/1 #8,resi/ n evil4' ,& ?is )\t 9 ! lea/ ackn[l$g+ ! "r ( ! gov]nors1 ma/]s1 or husb&s1 to ex]cise ! au?ority !y claim$4 ,! recognition ( ! exi/5ce ( evils does n involve approbation ( !m4 ,god tells ! ,israelites1 he gave !m a k+ 9 8 wra?1 b nev]!less z !y *ose to h a k+1 he laid d[n directions = ! conduct ( t k+1 & _h him ano9t$ to reign ov] !m4 ,accord+ to ! g5]ally receiv$ mean+ ( ! passages ,i h quot$1 !y directly contrav5e ! laws ( ,god1 z giv5 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,bible4 ,n[ ,i mu/ und]/& ! sacr$ ,scriptures z h>moniz+ ) !mselves1 or ,i _c receive !m z ! ^w ( ,god4 ,! comm5tators on ^! passages exalt man to ! /ation ( a ,deity 9 relation to woman4 ,cl>ke says1 #8,z ! ,"l ,*ri/ is ! head1 or gov]nor ( ! *ur*1 & ! head ( ! man1 s is ! man ! head1 or gov]nor ( ! woman4 ,?is is ,god's ord9ance1 & %\ld n be transgress$4 #8,z unto ! ,"l4' ,! ^w *ur* seems necess>ily to be und]/ood "h3 t is1 act "u ! au?ority ( y\r husb&s1 z ! *ur* acts "u ! au?ority ( ,*ri/4 ,z ! *ur* submits to ! ,"l1 s let wives submit to _! husb&s4' ,h5ry goes ev5 fur!r--#8,= ! husb& is ! head ( ! wife4 ,! metaphor is tak5 f ! head 9 ! natural body1 :i* be+ ! seat ( reason1 ( wisdom & ( k1 & ! f\nta9 ( s5se & motion1 is m excell5t ?an ! re/ ( ! body4' ,n[ if ,god orda9$ man ! gov]nor ( woman1 he mu/ be able to save h]1 & to answ] 9 h] /ead = all ^? s9s :i* %e commits by 8 direction4 ,awful responsibility4 ,d husb&s feel able & will+ to be> x8 ,& :at becomes ( ! solemn affirmation ( ,jehovah8 #8,he> ?is1 all ye p1 give e> all ye inhabitants ( ! _w1 bo? l[ & high1 ri* & poor4' #8,none c by any means r$eem 8 bro!r1 or give to ,god a ransom = him1 = ! r$emption ( ! s\l is preci\s1 & man _c accompli% x4'--,fr5* ,bible4 ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,lett] ,,xiv4 ,,m9i/ry ,,( ,,wom54 ,brookl9e1 #i? ,mo4 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,accord+ to ! pr9ciple :i* ,i h laid d[n1 t man & woman 7 creat$ equal1 & end[$ by _! b5efic5t ,creator ) ! same intellectual p[]s & ! same moral responsibilities1 & t consequ5tly :atev] is morally "r = a man to d1 is morally "r = a woman to d1 x foll[s z a necess>y coroll>y1 t if x is ! duty ( man to prea* ! unse>*able ri*es ( ,*ri/1 x is ! duty also ( woman4 ,i am aw>e1 t ,i h ! prejudices ( education & cu/om to combat1 bo? 9 my own & ! o!r sex1 z well z #8! traditions ( m51' :i* are taught = ! comm&m5ts ( ,god4 ,i feel t ,i h no sect>ian views to advance2 = al?\gh among ! ,quak]s1 ,me?odi/s1 & ,*ri/ians1 wom5 are p]mitt$ to prea* ! glad tid+s ( peace & salvation1 yet ,i "k ( no religi\s body1 :o ent]ta9 ! ,scripture doctr9e ( ! p]fect equality ( man & woman1 :i* is ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( my argum5t 9 favor ( ! m9i/ry ( wom54 ,i wi% simply to ?r[ my views be=e !e4 ,if !y are bas$ on ! immutable f\ndation ( tru?1 !y _c be ov]?r[n by unk9d ins9uations1 bitt] s>casms1 un*ri/ian imputations1 or contemptu\s ridicule4 ,^! are weapons :i* are unwor?y ( a good cause4 ,if ,i am mi/ak51 z tru? only c prevail1 my suppos$ errors w soon vani% be=e h] beams2 b ,i am p]suad$ t woman is n fill+ ! high & holy /ation :i* ,god allott$ to h]1 & t 9 consequ5ce ( h] hav+ be5 driv5 f h] #8appropriate sph]e1' bo? h]self & h] bre?r5 h suff]$ an inf9ity ( evils4 ,be=e ,i proce$ to prove1 t woman is b\nd to prea* ! gospel1 ,i w exam9e ! m9i/ry "u ! ,old ,te/am5t disp5sation4 ,^? :o 7 call$ to ?is (fice 7 kn[n "u v>i\s names4 ,eno*1 :o prophesi$1 is designat$ z walk+ ) ,god4 ,noah is call$ a prea*] ( righte\sness4 ,!y 7 d5om9at$ m5 ( ,god1 se]s1 prophets1 b !y all _h ! same great "w to p]=m1 viz4 to turn s9n]s f ! error ( _! ways4 ,?is m9i/ry exi/$ previ\s to ! in/itution ( ! ,jewi% prie/hood1 & cont9u$ aft] its abolition4 ,x has no?+ to d ) ! prie/hood4 ,x 0 r>ely1 z f> z ! ,bible in=ms u1 ex]cis$ by ^? ( ! tribe ( ,levi1 & 0 common to all ! p1 wom5 z well z m54 ,x diff]$ ess5tially f ! prie/hood1 because !re 0 no comp5sation receiv$ = call+ ! p to rep5tance4 ,su* a ?+ z pay+ a prophet = prea*+ ! tru? ( ,god is n ev5 m5tion$4 ,!y 7 call$ ( ,jehovah to g =? 9 8 "n1 "o f 8 pl\gh1 ano!r f ga!r+ ( sycamore fruit1 c4 c4 ,let u = a mom5t imag9e ,j]emiah1 :5 ,god says to him1 #8,gird up ?y lo9s1 & arise & speak unto ! p all t ,i comm& !e1' reply+ to ,jehovah1 #8,i w prea* rep5tance to ! p1 if !y w give me gold1 b if !y w n pay me = ! tru?1 !n let !m p]i% 9 _! s9s4' ,n[1 ?is is virtually ! language ( ! m9i/]s ( ! pres5t day2 & ,i believe ! secret ( ! exclusion ( wom5 f ! m9i/]ial (fice is1 t t (fice has be5 conv]t$ into "o ( emolum5t1 ( honor1 & ( p[]4 ,any att5tive obs]v] _c fail to p]ceive1 t z f> z possible1 all su* (fices are res]v$ by m5 = !mselves4 ,! common error t ,*ri/ian m9i/]s are ! successors ( ! prie/s1 is f\nd$ 9 mi/ake4 ,9 ! p>ticul> directions giv5 to ,moses to consecrate ,a>on & 8 sons to ! (fice ( ! prie/hood1 _! duties are cle>ly def9$3 see ,ex4 #bh?1 #bi? & #cj? *ap4 ,!re is no commission to ,a>on to prea* to ! p2 8 bus9ess 0 to (f] sacrifice4 ,n[ :y 7 sacrifices in/itut$8 ,!y 7 types ( t "o great sacrifice1 :i* 9 ! fulness ( "t 0 (f]$ up ?r\gh ! et]nal ,_s )\t spot to ,god4 ,*ri/ assum$ ! (fice ( prie/2 he #8(f]$ himself1' & by s do+1 aboli%$ =ev] ! ord] ( ! prie/hood1 z well z ! sacrifices :i* ! prie/s 7 orda9$ to (f]4#c ,b x may be inquir$1 :e!r ! prie/s 7 n to tea* ! p4 ,z f> z ,i c discov] f ! ,bible1 !y 7 simply comm&$ to read ! law to ! p4 ,!re 0 no o!r copy t we "k (1 until ! "t ( ! k+s1 :o 7 to write out a copy = _! own use4 ,z x 0 deposit$ 9 ! ark1 ! prie/s 7 requir$1 #8,:5 all ,israel is come to appe> be=e ! ,"l ?y ,god 9 ! place :i* he %all *oose1 ?\ %alt read ?is law be=e all ,israel 9 _! he>+4 ,ga!r ! p toge!r1 m51 wom51 & *ildr51 t !y may he>1' ,deut4 #ca3 #i-cc4 ,see also ,lev4 #aj3 #aa1 ,deut4 #cc3 #aj1 #b;d ,*r4 #ag3 #g-i1 & num]\s o!r passages4 ,:5 ,god is enum]at+ ! means he has us$ to call 8 p to rep5tance1 he nev]1 z f> z ,i c discov]1 speaks ( s5d+ 8 prie/s to w>n !m2 b 9 v>i\s passages we f9d language simil> to ?is3 #8,s9ce ! day t y\r fa!rs came =? out ( ! l& ( ,egypt unto ?is day1 ,i h ev5 s5t unto y all my s]vants1 ! ,,prophets1 daily ris+ up e>ly & s5d+ !m4 ,yet !y he>k5$ n unto me1 nor incl9$ _! e>1 b h>d5$ _! neck2 !y did worse ?an _! fa!rs4' ,j]4 #g3 #be1 #bf4 ,see also1 #be3 #d4 #b ,*r4 #cf3 #ae4 & p>allel passages4 ,god says1 ,is4 #i3 #ae1 #af4 #8,! prophet t tea*e? lies1 he is ! tail2 = ! lead]s ( ?is p cause !m to err4' ,! di/9ction betwe5 prie/s & prophets is evid5t f _! be+ m5tion$ z two classes4 #8,! prophets prophesy falsely1 & ! prie/s be> rule by _! means1' ,j]4 #e3 #ca4 ,see also1 ,*4 #b3 #h4 #h3a-aj4 & _m o!rs4 ,t wom5 7 call$ to ! prophetic (fice1 ,i believe is univ]sally admitt$4 ,miriam1 ,deborah & ,huldah 7 prophetesses4 ,! judgm5ts ( ! ,"l are d5\nc$ by ,ezekiel on false prophetesses1 z well z false prophets4 ,& if ,*ri/ian m9i/]s are1 z ,i appreh5d1 successors ( ! prophets1 & n ( ! prie/s1 !n ( c\rse1 wom5 are n[ call$ to t (fice z well z m51 because ,god has no :]e )drawn f !m ! privilege ( do+ :at is ! great bus9ess ( prea*]s1 viz4 to po9t ! p5it5t s9n] to ! ,r$eem]4 #8,behold ! ,lamb ( ,god1 :i* take? away ! s9s ( ! _w4' ,x is (t5 triumphantly inquir$1 :y1 if m5 & wom5 are on an equality1 are n wom5 z conspicu\s 9 ! ,bible z m58 ,i d n int5d to assign a reason1 b ,i ?9k "o may readily be f\nd 9 ! fact1 t f ! days ( ,eve to ! pres5t "t1 ! aim ( man has be5 to cru% h]4 ,he has accompli%$ ?is "w 9 v>i\s ways2 sometimes by brute =ce1 sometimes by mak+ h] subs]vi5t to 8 wor/ passions1 sometimes by treat+ h] z a doll1 & :ile he exclud$ f h] m9d ! light ( k1 deck$ h] p]son ) gewgaws & fripp]y :i* he scorn$ = himself1 ?us endeavor+ to r5d] h] l unto a pa9t$ sepul*re4 ,x is truly m>vell\s t any woman c rise above ! pressure ( circum/ances :i* comb9e to cru% h]4 ,no?+ c /r5g!n h] to d ?is 9 ! "* ( a prea*] ( righte\sness1 b a call f ,jehovah himself4 ,& :5 ! voice ( ,god p5etrates ! deep recesses ( h] he>t1 & comm&s h] to g & cry 9 ! e>s ( ! p1 %e is ready to exclaim1 #8,ah1 ,"l ,god1 behold ,i _c speak1 = ,i am a woman4' ,i h kn[n wom5 9 diff]5t religi\s societies1 :o h felt l ! prophet4 #8,8 ^w 0 9 my he>t z a burn+ fire %ut up 9 my bones1 & ,i 0 we>y ) =be>+4' ,b !y h n d>$ to op5 _! lips1 & h endur$ all ! int5sity ( suff]+1 produc$ by disob$i5ce to ,god1 r ?an enc\nt] he>tless ridicule & injuri\s suspicions4 ,i rejoice t we h be5 ! oppress$1 r ?an ! oppressors4 ,god ?us prep>$ 8 p = deliv]ance f outw>d bondage2 & ,i hope our sorr[s h prep>$ u to fulfil our high & holy duties1 :e!r public or private1 ) humility & meekness2 & t suff]+ has imp>t$ =titude to endure trials1 :i* assur$ly await u 9 ! attempt to sund] ^? *a9s ) :i* man has b\nd u1 gall+ to ! _s1 ?\gh unse5 by ! eye4 ,surely !re is no?+ ei!r a/oni%+ or novel 9 ! gifts ( ! ,_s be+ be/[$ on woman3 no?+ a/oni%+1 because !re is no respect ( p]sons ) ,god2 ! s\l ( ! woman 9 8 sight is z ! s\l ( ! man1 & bo? are alike capable ( ! influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,no?+ novel1 because1 z has be5 already %[n1 9 ! sacr$ records !re are f\nd examples ( wom51 z well z ( m51 ex]cis+ ! gift ( prophecy4 ,we atta* to ! ^w prophecy1 ! exclusive mean+ ( =etell+ future ev5ts1 b ?is is c]ta9ly a mi/ake2 = ! apo/le ,paul def9es x to be #8speak+ to edification1 exhortation & com=t4' ,& !re appe>s no possible reason1 :y wom5 %\ld n d ?is z well z m54 ,at ! "t t ! ,bible 0 translat$ into ,engli%1 ! mean+ ( ! ^w prophecy1 0 deliv]+ a message f ,god1 :e!r x 0 to pr$ict future ev5ts1 or to w>n ! p ( ! consequ5ces ( s94 ,gov]nor ,w9?rop1 ( ,massa*usetts1 m5tions 9 a lett]1 t ! m9i/] be+ abs5t1 he w5t to1 ---- to prophecy to ! p4 ,be=e ,i proce$ to prove t wom51 "u ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 7 ano9t$ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ to prea*1 or prophecy1 ,i w m5tion ,anna1 ! 7la/7 prophetess "u ! ,jewi% disp5sation4 #8,%e dep>t$ n f ! temple1 b s]v$ ,god ) fa/+ & pray]s night & day4' ,& com+ into ! temple1 :ile ,simeon 0 yet speak+ to ,m>y1 ) ! infant ,savior 9 8 arms1 #8spake ( ,*ri/ to all !m t look$ = r$emption 9 ,j]usalem4' ,blackwall1 a le>n$ ,engli% critic1 9 8 "w entitl$1 #8,sacr$ ,classics1' says1 9 ref]5ce to ?is passage1 ,luke #b3 #cg--#8;,accord+ to ! orig9al read+1 ! s5se w be1 t ! dev\t ,anna1 :o att5d$ 9 ! temple1 bo? night & day1 spoke ( ! ,messiah to all ! inhabitants ( t city1 :o con/antly wor%ipp$ !re1 & :o prep>$ !mselves = ! wor?y reception ( t div9e p]son1 :om !y expect$ at ?is "t4 ,& 'tis c]ta91 t o!r dev\t ,jews1 n inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 frequ5tly repair$ to ! temple-wor%ip1 & might1 at ?is rem>kable "t1 & sev]al o!rs1 he> ?is admirable woman disc\rse ^u ! bless$ adv5t ( ! ,r$eem]4 ,a v>i\s read+ has ,israel in/ead ( ,j]usalem1 :i* expresses t religi\s ,jews1 f di/ant places1 came ?i!r to div9e (fices1 & w\ld ) high pleasure he> ! disc\rses ( ?is great prophetess1 s fam$ = h] extraord9>y piety & valuable tal5ts1 ^u ! mo/ important & desirable subject4' ,i %all n[ exam9e ! te/imony ( ! ,bible on ?is po9t1 aft] ! asc5sion ( our ,"l1 beg9n+ ) ! glori\s effusion ( ! ,holy ,_s on ! day ( ,p5teco/4 ,i presume x w n be d5i$1 t wom51 z well z m51 7 at t "t fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 because x is expressly /at$1 t wom5 7 among ^? :o cont9u$ 9 pray] & supplication1 wait+ = ! fulfilm5t ( ! promise1 t !y %\ld be endu$ ) p[] f on high4 #8,:5 ! day ( ,p5teco/ 0 fully come1 !y 7 ,,all ) "o accord 9 "o place4 ,& !re appe>$ unto !m clov5 tongues l z ( fire1 & x sat ^u ea* ( !m2 & !y 7 all fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 & began to speak ) o!r tongues z ! ,_s gave !m utt]ance4' ,pet] says1 9 ref]5ce to ?is miracle1 #8,?is is t :i* 0 spok5 by ! prophet ,joel4 ,& x %all come to pass 9 ! la/ days1 said ,god1 ,i w p\r out my ,_s ^u all fle%2 & y\r sons & y\r daught]s %all prophesy--& on my s]vants & on my h&-maid5s1 ,i w p\r out 9 ^? days ( my ,_s1 & !y %all prophesy4' ,!re is n ! lea/ intimation t ?is 0 a spasmodic influ5ce :i* 0 soon to cease4 ,! m5 & wom5 are class$ toge!r2 & if ! p[] to prea* ! gospel 0 a sup]natural & %ort-liv$ impulse 9 wom51 !n x 0 equally s 9 m54 ,b we are told1 ^? 7 ! days ( miracles4 ,i grant x2 b ! m51 equally ) ! wom51 7 ! subjects ( ?is m>vell\s fulfilm5t ( prophecy1 & ( c\rse1 if wom5 h lo/ ! gift ( prophesy+1 s h m54 ,we are also gravely told1 t if a woman pret5ds to inspiration1 & !reupon gr\nds ! "r to plead ! cause ( a crucifi$ ,r$eem] 9 public1 %e w be believ$ :5 %e %[s cr$5tials f heav51 i4 e4 :5 %e works a miracle4 ,i reply1 if ?is be necess>y to prove h] "r to prea* ! gospel1 !n ,i dem& ( my bre?r5 to %[ me _! cr$5tials2 else ,i _c receive _! m9i/ry1 by _! own %[+4 ,john ,newton has ju/ly said1 t no p[] b t :i* creat$ a _w1 c make a m9i/] ( ! gospel2 & man may task 8 +5uity to ! utmo/1 to prove t ?is p[] is n ex]cis$ on wom5 z well z m54 ,he _c d x until he has fir/ disclaim$ t simple1 b all compreh5sive tru?1 #89 ,*ri/ ,jesus !re is nei!r male nor female4' ,wom5 !n1 accord+ to ! ,bible1 71 "u ! ,new ,te/am5t disp5sation1 z well z ! ,old1 ! recipi5ts ( ! gift ( prophecy4 ,t ?is is no sect>ian view may be prov$ by ! foll[+ extracts4 ,! fir/ ,i %all (f] is f ,/ratton's #8,book ( ! ,prie/hood4' #8,:ile !y 7 assembl$ 9 ! upp] room to wait = ! bless+1 9 numb] ab\t "o hundr$ & tw5ty1 !y receiv$ ! miracul\s gifts ( ! ,holy ,_s's grace2 !y became ! *annels ?r\gh :i* its m ord9>y1 b n less sav+ /reams fl[$ to ?ree ?\s& p]sons 9 "o day4 ,! :ole company ( ! assembl$ disciples1 male & female1 "y & old1 7 all fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 & began to speak ) o!r tongues z ! ,_s gave !m utt]ance4 ,!y all contribut$ 9 produc+ t impression ^u ! assembl$ multitude1 :i* ,pet] 0 in/rum5tal 9 advanc+ to its decisive results4' ,scott1 9 8 comm5t>y on ?is passage1 says-- #8,at ! same "t1 !re appe>$ ! =m ( tongues divid$ at ! tip & resembl+ fire2 "o ( :i* re/$ on ea* ( ! :ole company4' #8,!y sat on e "o pres5t1 z ! orig9al det]m9es4 ,at ! "t ( ^! extraord9>y appe>ances1 ! :ole company 7 abundantly repl5i%$ ) ! gifts & graces ( ! ,holy ,_s1 s t !y began to speak ) o!r tongues4' ,h5ry 9 8 notes confirms ?is3 #8,x seems evid5t to me t n ! twelve apo/les only1 b all ! "o hundr$ & tw5ty disciples 7 fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/ alike at ?is "t1--all ! sev5ty disciples1 :o 7 apo/olical m5 & employ$ 9 ! same "w1 & all ! re/ too t 7 to prea* ! gospel1 = x is said expressly1 ,eph4 #d3 #h-ab3 #8,:5 ,*ri/ asc5d$ up on high1 7:i* ref]s to ?is7 he gave gifts unto m54' ,! all "h mu/ ref] to ! all t 7 toge!r4' ,i ne$ h>dly rem>k t man is a g5]ic t]m1 includ+ bo? sexes4 ,let u n[ exam9e :e!r wom5 actually ex]cis$ ! (fice ( m9i/]1 "u ! gospel disp5sation4 ,philip _h f\r daught]s1 :o prophesi$ or prea*$4 ,paul calls ,priscilla1 z well z ,aquila1 8 help]s2 or1 z 9 ! ,greek1 8 fell[ labor]s#d 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4 ,div]s o!r passages might be adduc$ to prove t wom5 cont9u$ to be prea*]s1 & t _m ( !m fill$ ?is dignifi$ /ation4 ,we le>n also f ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 t female m9i/]s suff]$ m>tyrdom 9 ! e>ly ages ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,9 anci5t c\ncils1 m5tion is made ( deaconesses2 & 9 an edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 pr9t$ 9 #aegd1 a woman is spok5 ( z m9i/] ( a *ur*4 ,! same ^w1 :i*1 9 our common translation1 is n[ r5d]$ a s]vant ( ! *ur*1 9 speak+ ( ,phebe1 ,rom4 #af3 #a1 is r5d]$ m9i/]1 ,eph4 #f3 #ba1 :5 appli$ to ,ty*icus4 ,a m9i/]1 ) :om ,i _h lately ! pleasure ( conv]s+1 rem>k$1 #8,my rule is to exp\nd scripture by scripture1 & ,i _c d5y ! m9i/ry ( wom51 because ! apo/le says1 #8help ^? wom5 :o labor$ ) me ,,9 ,,! ,,gospel4' ,he c]ta9ly meant some?+ m ?an p\r+ out tea = him4' ,9 ! #aa? ,*4 ( #a ,cor41 ,paul gives directions to wom5 & m5 h[ !y %\ld appe> :5 !y prophesy1 or pray 9 public assemblies4 ,x is evid5t t ! design ( ! apo/le1 9 ?is & ! ?ree succe$+ *apt]s1 is to rectify c]ta9 abuses :i* _h crept into ! ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,he !re=e admoni%es wom5 to pray ) _! heads cov]$1 because1 accord+ to ! fa%ion ( t day1 x 0 consid]$ immode/ & immoral to d o!rwise4 ,he says1 #8t 7 all "o z if %e 7 %av52' & %av+ ! head 0 a disgraceful puni%m5t t 0 inflict$ on wom5 ( bad "*4 #8,^! ?+s1' says ,scott1 #8! apo/le /at$ z dec5t & prop]1 b if any ( ! ,cor9?ian tea*]s incl9$ to excite cont5tion ab\t !m1 he w\ld only add1 v4 #af1 t he & 8 bre?r5 knew ( no su* cu/om z prevail$ among !m1 nor 0 !re any su* 9 ! *ur*es ( ,god :i* _h be5 plant$ by ! o!r apo/les4' ,john ,locke1 :il/ engag$ 9 writ+ 8 notes on ! ,epi/les ( ,/4 ,paul1 0 at a meet+ :]e two wom5 prea*$4 ,aft] he>+ !m1 he became conv9c$ ( _! commission to publi% ! gospel1 & !reupon alt]$ 8 notes on ! #aa? ,*4 #a ,cor4 9 favor ( wom5's prea*+4 ,he says1-- #8,?is ab\t wom5 seem+ z difficult a passage z mo/ 9 ,/4 ,paul's ,epi/les1 ,i crave leave to premise "s few consid]ations4 ,x is pla9 t ?is cov]+ ! head 9 wom5 is re/ra9$ to "s peculi> actions :i* !y p]=m$ 9 ! assembly1 express$ by ! words pray+1 prophesy+1 :i*1 :atev] !y signify1 mu/ h ! same mean+ appli$ to wom5 9 ! #e? v]se1 t !y h :5 appli$ to m5 9 ! #d?1 c4 ,! next ?+ to be consid]$ is1 :at is "h to be und]/ood by pray+ & prophesy+4 ,& t seems to me ! p]=m+ ( "s public action 9 ! assembly1 by "s "o p]son :i* 0 = t "t peculi> to t p]son1 & :il/ x la/$1 ! re/ ( ! assembly sil5tly assi/$4 ,z to prophesy+1 ! apo/le 9 express words tells u1 ,*4 #ad3 #c1 #ab1 t x 0 speak+ 9 ! assembly4 ,! same is evid5t z to pray+1 t ! apo/le means by x publicly ) an audible voice1 *4 #ad3 #ai4' ,9 a lett] to ^! two wom51 ,rebecca ,colli] & ,ra*el ,brack51 :i* accompani$ a little te/imony ( 8 reg>d1 he says1 #8,i admire no conv]se l t ( ,*ri/ian fre$om2 & ,i fe> no bondage l t ( pride & prejudice4 ,i n[ see t acqua9tance by sight _c rea* ! height ( enjoym5t1 :i* acqua9tance by k arrives unto4 ,outw>d he>+ may misguide u1 b int]nal k _c err4' #8,wom51 inde$1 _h ! honor ( fir/ publi%+ ! resurrection ( ! ,god ( love--:y n aga9 ! resurrection ( ! _s ( love8 ,& let all ! disciples ( ,*ri/ rejoice !re91 z do? y\r p>tn]1 ,john ,locke4' ,see #8,! ,fri5d1' a p]iodical publi%$ 9 ,philadelphia4 ,adam ,cl>ke's comm5t on #a ,cor4 #aa3 #e1 is simil> to ,locke's3 #8,:atev] be ! mean+ ( pray+ & prophesy+ 9 respect to ! man1 !y h precisely ! same mean+ 9 respect to ! woman4 ,s t "s wom5 at lea/1 z well z "s m51 might speak to o!rs to edification & exhortation & com=t4 ,& ?is k9d ( prophesy+1 or tea*+1 0 pr$ict$ by ,joel #b3 #bh1 & ref]r$ to by ,pet]2 & _h !re n be5 su* gifts be/[$ on wom51 ! prophesy c\ld n h _h its fulfilm5t4' ,9 ! autobiography ( ,adam ,cl>ke1 !re is an int]e/+ acc\nt ( 8 he>+ ,m>y ,sewall & ano!r female m9i/] prea*1 & he ackn[l$ges t su* 0 ! p[] accompany+ _! m9i/ry1 t ?\gh he _h be5 prejudic$ aga9/ wom5's prea*+1 he c\ld n b confess t ^! wom5 7 ano9t$ = ! (fice4 ,b !re are c]ta9 passages 9 ! ,epi/les ( ,/4 ,paul1 :i* seem to be ( d\btful int]pretation2 at :i* we _c mu* m>vel1 see+ t 8 bro!r ,pet] says1 !re are "s ?+s 9 !m h>d to be und]/ood4 ,mo/ comm5tators1 hav+ _! m9ds preoccupi$ ) ! prejudices ( education1 af=d little aid2 !y r t5d to d>k5 ! text by ! multitude ( words4 ,"o ( ^! passages occurs 9 #a ,cor4 #ad4 ,i h already rem>k$1 t ?is *apt]1 ) sev]al ( ! prec$+1 0 evid5tly design$ to correct abuses :i* _h crept into ! assemblies ( ,*ri/ians 9 ,cor9?4 ,h5ce we f9d t ! m5 7 comm&$ to be sil5t1 z well z ! wom51 :5 !y 7 guilty ( any ?+ :i* des]v$ repreh5sion4 ,! apo/le says1 #8,if !re be no int]pret]1 let him keep sil5ce 9 ! *ur*4' ,! m5 7 d\btless 9 ! practice ( speak+ 9 unkn[n tongues1 :5 !re 0 no int]pret] pres5t2 & ,paul reproves !m1 because ?is k9d ( prea*+ convey$ no in/ruction to ! p4 ,aga9 he says1 #8,if any ?+ be reveal$ to ano!r t sitte? by1 let ! fir/ hold 8 peace4' ,we may inf] f ?is1 t two m5 sometimes attempt$ to speak at ! same "t1 & ! apo/le rebukes !m1 & adds1 #8,ye may ,,all prophesy "o by "o1 = ,god is n ! au?or ( confusion1 b ( peace4' ,he !n proce$s to notice ! disord]ly conduct ( ! wom51 :o 7 guilty ( o!r improprieties4 ,!y 7 probably 9 ! habit ( ask+ que/ions1 on any po9ts ( doctr9e :i* !y wi%$ m ?or\ghly expla9$4 ,?is cu/om 0 common among ! m5 9 ! ,jewi% synagogues1 aft] ! patt]n ( :i*1 ! meet+s ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians 7 9 all probability conduct$4 ,& ! ,*ri/ian wom51 presum+ on ! lib]ty :i* !y enjoy$ "u ! new religion1 int]rupt$ ! assembly1 by ask+ que/ions4 ,! apo/le disapprov$ ( ?is1 because x di/urb$ ! solemnity ( ! meet+3 he !re=e admoni%es ! wom5 to keep sil5ce 9 ! *ur*es4 ,t ! apo/le did n allude to prea*+ is manife/1 because he tells !m1 #8,if !y w le>n any ?+1 let !m ask _! husb&s at home4' ,n[ a p]son end[$ ) a gift 9 ! m9i/ry1 does n ask que/ions 9 ! public ex]cise ( t gift1 = ! purpose ( ga9+ in=mation3 %e is in/ruct+ o!rs4 ,moreov]1 ! apo/le1 9 clos+ 8 rem>ks on ?is subject1 says1 #8,:]e=e1 bre?r51 7a g5]ic t]m1 apply+ equally to m5 & wom517 covet to prophesy1 & =bid n to speak ) tongues4 ,let all ?+s be done dec5tly & 9 ord]4' ,cl>ke1 on ! passage1 #8,let wom5 keep sil5ce 9 ! *ur*es1' says3 #8,?is 0 a ,jewi% ord9ance4 ,wom5 7 n p]mitt$ to tea* 9 ! assemblies1 or ev5 to ask que/ions4 ,! rabb9s taught t a woman %\ld "k no?+ b ! use ( h] di/aff2 & ! say+ ( ,rabbi ,eliez] is wor?y ( rem>k & execration3 #8,let ! words ( ! law be burn$1 r ?an t !y %\ld be deliv]$ by wom54' ,are !re n _m ( our ,*ri/ian bre?r51 ^: ho/ility to ! m9i/ry ( wom5 is z bitt] z 0 t ( ,rabbi ,eliez]1 & :o w\ld r let s\ls p]i%1 ?an t ! tru?s ( ! gospel %\ld be deliv]$ by wom58 #8,?is1' says ,cl>ke1 #80 _! condition till ! "t ( ! gospel1 :51 accord+ to ! pr$iction ( ,joel1 ! ,_s ( ,god 0 to be p\r$ out on ! wom5 z well z ! m51 t !y might prophesy1 t is1 tea*4 ,& t !y did prophesy1 or tea*1 is evid5t f :at ! apo/le says1 *4 #aa3 #e1 :]e he lays d[n rules to regulate ?is "p ( _! conduct :ile m9i/]+ 9 ! *ur*4 ,b does n :at ! apo/le says "h1 let y\r wom5 keep sil5ce 9 ! *ur*es1 contradict t /atem5t1 & %[ t ! words 9 *4 #aa1 %\ld be und]/ood 9 ano!r s5se8 = "h x is expressly said1 t !y %\ld keep sil5ce 9 ! *ur*es1 = x 0 n p]mitt$ to a woman to speak4 ,bo? places seem p]fectly consi/5t4 ,x is evid5t f ! context1 t ! apo/le ref]s "h to ask+ que/ions1 & :at we call dictat+ 9 ! assemblies4' ,! o!r passage on :i* ! op9ion1 t wom5 are n call$ to ! m9i/ry1 is f\nd$1 is #a ,tim4 #b;d *4 ,! apo/le speaks ( ! duty ( pray] & supplication1 m5tions 8 own ord9ation z a prea*]1 & !n adds1 #8,i w1 !re=e1 t m5 pray ev]y:]e1 lift+ up holy h&s1 )\t wra? & d\bt+4 ,9 l mann] also1 t wom5 adorn !mselves 9 mode/ app>el1' c4 ,i %all "h premise1 t z ! punctuation & division into *apt]s & v]ses is no "p ( ! orig9al arrangem5t1 !y _c det]m9e ! s5se ( a passage4 ,inde$1 e att5tive read] ( ! ,bible mu/ obs]ve1 t ! injudici\s sep>ation ( s5t5ces (t5 de/roys _! mean+ & _! beauty4 ,joseph ,john ,gurney1 ^: skill z a biblical critic is well kn[n 9 ,engl&1 comm5t+ on ?is passage1 says1 #8,x is word$ 9 a mann] some:at obscure2 b appe>s to be be/ con/ru$ accord+ to ! op9ion ( v>i\s comm5tators 7,see ,pool's ,synopsis7 z convey+ an injunction1 t wom5 z well z m5 %\ld pray ev]y:]e1 lift+ up holy h&s )\t wra? & d\bt+4 #a ,tim4 #b3 #h1 #i4 #8,i w !re=e t m5 pray ev]y:]e1 c42 likewise also ! wom5 9 a mode/ dress4' 7,comp>e #a ,cor4 #aa3 #e47 #8,i w\ld h !m adorn !mselves ) %amefac$ness & sobriety4'' ,i h no d\bt ?is is ! true mean+ ( ! text1 & t ! translators w\ld nev] h ?\ght ( alt]+ x _h !y n be5 "u ! influ5ce ( educational prejudice4 ,! apo/le proce$s to exhort ! wom51 :o ?us publicly made int]cession to ,god1 n to adorn !mselves ) braid$ hair1 or gold1 or pe>ls1 or co/ly array1 b 7:i* become? wom5 pr(ess+ godl9ess7 ) good works4' ,! ^w 9 ?is v]se translat$ #8pr(ess+1' w\ld be m prop]ly r5d]$ prea*+ godl9ess1 or enjo9+ piety to ! gods1 or conduct+ public wor%ip4 ,aft] describ+ ! duty ( female m9i/]s ab\t _! app>el1 ! apo/le proce$s to correct "s improprieties :i* probably prevail$ 9 ! ,ephesian *ur*1 simil> to ^? :i* he _h reprov$ among ! ,cor9?ian conv]ts4 ,he says1 #8,let ! wom5 ,,le>n 9 sil5ce ) all subjection2 b ,i suff] n a woman to tea*1 nor to usurp au?ority ov] ! man1 b to be 9 sil5ce1' or quietness4 ,"h aga9 x is evid5t t ! wom51 ( :om he 0 speak+1 7 admoni%$ to le>n 9 sil5ce1 :i* c\ld n ref] to _! public m9i/rations to o!rs4 ,! v]b to tea*1 v]se #ab1 is "o ( v g5]al import1 & may 9 ?is place m prop]ly be r5d]$ dictate4 ,x is highly probable t wom5 :o _h long be5 9 bondage1 :5 set free by ,*ri/ianity f ! re/ra9ts impos$ ^u !m by ,jewi% traditions & hea!n cu/oms1 run into an extreme 9 _! public assemblies1 & int]rupt$ ! religi\s s]vices by frequ5t int]rogations1 :i* !y c\ld h _h answ]$ z satisfactorily at home4 ,on a c&id exam9ation & comp>ison ( ! passages :i* ,i h endeavor$ to expla91 viz41 #a ,cor4 *aps4 #aa & #ad1 & #a ,tim4 #b1 #h-ab4 ,i ?9k we mu/ be compell$ to adopt "o ( two conclusions2 ei!r t ! apo/le grossly contradicts himself on a subject ( great practical importance1 & t ! fulfilm5t ( ! prophecy ( ,joel 0 a %ameful infr+em5t ( dec5cy & ord]2 or t ! directions giv5 to wom51 n to speak1 or to tea* 9 ! congregations1 _h ref]5ce to "s local & peculi> cu/oms1 :i* 7 !n common 9 religi\s assemblies1 & :i* ! apo/le ?\ght inconsi/5t ) ! purpose = :i* !y 7 met toge!r4 ,no "o1 ,i suppose1 w hesitate :i* ( ^! two conclusions to adopt4 ,! subject is "o ( vital importance4 ,t x may claim ! calm & pray]ful att5tion ( ,*ri/ians1 is ! desire ( ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,,footnotes3 #c ,i _c ent] fully into ?is "p ( my subject4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 "o ( great importance1 & ,i recomm5d ^? :o wi% to exam9e x1 to read #8,! ,book ( ! ,prie/hood1' by an ,engli% ,diss5t]1 & ,bev]ly's #8,view ( ! ,pres5t ,/ate ( ! ,visible ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4' ,!y are bo? ma/]ly productions4 #d ,rom4 #af3 #c1 comp>e ,gr4 text ( v4 #ba1 #b4 ,cor4 #h3 #bc2 ,phil4 #b3 #be2 #a ,!s4 #c3 #b4 ,,lett] ,,xv4 ,,man ,,equally ,,guilty ,,) ,,woman ,,9 ,,! ,,fall4 ,uxbridge1 #aj? ,mo4 #bj?1 #ahcg4 ,,my ,,de> ,,si/]1--,x is said t #8mod]n ,jewi% wom5 light a lamp e ,friday ev5+1 half an h\r be=e sunset1 :i* is ! beg9n+ ( _! ,sabba?1 9 remembrance ( _! orig9al "m1 :o fir/ ext+ui%$ ! lamp ( righte\sness1--to rem9d !m ( _! obligation to rek9dle x4' ,i am "o ( ^? :o always admit1 to its fulle/ ext5t1 ! popul> *>ge1 t woman br\ght s9 into ! _w4 ,i accept x z a p[]ful reason1 :y woman is b\nd to labor ) d\ble dilig5ce1 = ! reg5]ation ( t _w %e has be5 in/rum5tal 9 ru9+4 ,b1 al?\gh ,i d n repel ! imputation1 ,i %all notice "s passages 9 ! sacr$ ,scriptures1 :]e ?is transaction is m5tion$1 :i* prove1 ,i ?9k1 ! id5tity & equality ( man & woman1 & t !re is no diff]5ce 9 _! guilt 9 ! view ( t ,god :o se>*e? ! he>t & trie? ! re9s ( ! *ildr5 ( m54 ,9 ,is4 #dc3 #bg1 we f9d ! foll[+ passage--#8,?y fir/ fa!r ha? s9n$1 & ?y tea*]s h transgress$ aga9/ me'--:i* is synonym\s ) ,rom4 #e3 #ab4 #8,:]e=e1 z by ,,"o ,,man s9 ent]$ into ! _w1 & dea? by s91 c4' ,"h man & woman are includ$ "u "o t]m1 & no di/9ction is made 9 _! crim9ality4 ,! circum/ances ( ! fall are aga9 ref]r$ to 9 #b ,cor4 #aa3 #c--#8;,b ,i fe> le/1 by any means1 z ! s]p5t beguil$ ,eve ?r\gh 8 subtility1 s y\r m9d %\ld be beguil$ f ! simplicity t is 9 ,*ri/4' ,aga91 #a/ ,tim4 #b3 #ad--#8;,adam 0 n deceiv$2 b ! woman be+ deceiv$1 0 9 ! transgression4' ,n[1 :e!r ! fact1 t ,eve 0 beguil$ & deceiv$1 is a pro( t h] crime 0 ( deep] dye ?an ,adam's1 :o 0 n deceiv$1 b 0 fully aw>e ( ! consequ5ces ( %>+ 9 h] transgression1 ,i %all leave ! c&id read] to det]m9e4 ,my pres5t object is to %[1 t1 z woman is *>g$ ) all ! s9 t exi/s 9 ! _w1 x is h] solemn duty to labor = its ext9ction2 & t ?is %e c nev] d effectually & ext5sively1 until h] m9d is dis5?rall$ ( ^? %ackles :i* h be5 rivet$ ^u h] by a #8corrupt public op9ion1 & a p]v]t$ int]pretation ( ! holy ,scriptures4' ,woman mu/ feel t %e is ! equal1 & is design$ to be ! fell[ labor] ( h] bro!r1 or %e w be /udy+ to f9d out ! imag9>y l9e :i* sep>ates ! sexes1 & divides ! duties ( m5 & wom5 into two di/9ct classes1 a sep>ation n ev5 h9t$ at 9 ! ,bible1 :]e we are expressly told1 #8!re is nei!r male nor female1 = ye are all "o 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus4' ,my views on ?is subject are s mu* bett] embodi$ 9 ! language ( a liv+ au?or ?an ,i c express !m1 t ,i quote ! passage entire3 #8,woman's rights & man's rights are bo? conta9$ 9 ! same *>t]1 & held by ! same t5ure4 ,all rights spr+ out ( ! moral nature3 !y are bo? ! root & ! (fspr+ ( responsibilities4 ,! physical con/itution is ! m]e in/rum5t ( ! moral nature2 sex is a m]e incid5t ( ?is con/itution1 a provision necess>y to ?is =m ( exi/5ce2 its only design1 n to give1 nor to take away1 nor 9 any respect to modify or ev5 t\* rights or responsibilities 9 any s5se1 except s f> z ! peculi> (fices ( ea* sex may af=d less or m opportunity & ability = ! ex]cise ( rights1 & ! dis*>ge ( responsibilities2 b m]ely to cont9ue & enl>ge ! human dep>tm5t ( ,god's gov]nm5t4 ,consequ5tly1 ,i "k no?+ ( man's rights1 or woman's rights2 human rights are all t ,i recognise4 ,! doctr9e1 t ! sex ( ! body presides ov] & adm9i/]s ^u ! rights & responsibilities ( ! moral1 immortal nature1 is to my m9d a doctr9e k9dr$ to blasphemy1 :5 se5 9 its intr9sic nature4 ,x breaks up utt]ly ! relations ( ! two natures1 & rev]ses _! functions2 exalt+ ! animal nature into a mon>*1 & humbl+ ! moral into a slave2 mak+ ! =m] a proprietor1 & ! latt] its prop]ty4' ,to p]=m our duties1 we mu/ compreh5d our rights & responsibilities2 & x is because we d n und]/&1 t we n[ fall s f> %ort 9 ! dis*>ge ( our obligations4 ,unaccu/om$ to ?9k = ourselves1 & to se>* ! sacr$ volume1 to see h[ f> we are liv+ up to ! design ( ,jehovah 9 our creation1 we h re/$ satisfi$ ) ! sph]e m>k$ out = u by man1 nev] detect+ ! fallacy ( t reason+ :i* =bids woman to ex]cise "s ( h] noble/ faculties1 & /amps ) ! reproa* ( indelicacy ^? actions by :i* wom5 7 =m]ly dignifi$ & exalt$ 9 ! *ur*4 ,i %\ld n m5tion ?is subject aga91 if x 7 n to po9t out to my si/]s :at seems to me an irresi/ible conclusion f ! lit]al int]pretation ( ,/4 ,paul1 )\t ref]5ce to ! context1 & ! peculi> circum/ances & abuses :i* drew =? ! expressions1 #8,i suff] n a woman to tea*'--#8,let y\r wom5 keep sil5ce 9 ! *ur*1' i4 e4 congregation4 ,x is manife/1 t if ! apo/le meant :at 8 words imply1 :5 tak5 9 ! /ricte/ s5se1 !n wom5 h no "r to tea* ,sabba? or day s*ools1 or to op5 _! lips to s+ 9 ! assemblies ( ! p2 yet "y & delicate wom5 are engag$ 9 all ^! (fices2 !y are expressly tra9$ to exhibit !mselves1 & raise _! voices to a high pit* 9 ! *oirs ( our places ( wor%ip4 ,i d n int5d to sit 9 judgm5t on my si/]s = do+ ^! ?+s2 ,i only want !m to see1 t !y are z really infr++ a suppos$ div9e comm&1 by in/ruct+ _! pupils 9 ! ,sabba? or day s*ools1 & by s++ 9 ! congregation1 z if !y 7 engag$ 9 prea*+ ! unse>*able ri*es ( ,*ri/ to a lo/ & p]i%+ _w4 ,:y1 !n1 are we p]mitt$ to break ?is injunction 9 "s po9ts1 & s s$ul\sly w>n$ n to ov]/ep ! b\nds set = u by our bre?r5 9 ano!r8 ,simply1 z ,i believe1 because 9 ! "o case we subs]ve _! views & _! int]e/s1 & act 9 subord9ation to !m2 :il/ 9 ! o!r1 we come 9 contact ) _! int]e/s1 & claim to be on an equality ) !m 9 ! highe/ & mo/ important tru/ ev] committ$ to man1 namely1 ! m9i/ry ( ! ^w4 ,x is manife/1 t if wom5 7 p]mitt$ to be m9i/]s ( ! gospel1 z !y unque/ionably 7 9 ! primitive ages ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 x w\ld int]f]e mat]ially ) ! pres5t organiz$ sy/em ( spiritual p[] & ecclesia/ical au?ority1 :i* is n[ ve/$ solely 9 ! h&s ( m54 ,x w\ld ei!r %[ t all ! p>aph]nalia ( !ological sem9>ies1 c4 c4 to prep>e m5 to become evangeli/s1 is :olly unnecess>y1 or x w\ld create a necessity = simil> in/itutions 9 ord] to prep>e wom5 = ! same (fice2 & ?is w\ld be an encroa*m5t on t le>n+1 :i* our h9d bre?r5 h s ung5]\sly monopoliz$4 ,i d n ask any "o to believe my /atem5ts1 or adopt my conclusions1 because !y are m9e2 b ,i d e>ne/ly entreat my si/]s to lay aside _! prejudices1 & exam9e ^! subjects = !mselves1 reg>dless ( ! #8traditions ( m51' because !y are intimately connect$ ) _! duty & _! usefulness 9 ! pres5t important crisis4 ,all :o "k any ?+ ( ! pres5t sy/em ( b5evol5t & religi\s op]ations1 "k t wom5 are p]=m+ an important "p 9 !m1 9 subs]vi5cy to m51 :o guide our labors1 & are (t5 ! recipi5ts ( ^? b5efits ( education we toil to conf]1 & :i* we rejoice !y c enjoy1 al?\gh x is _! m&ate :i* deprives u ( ! same advantages4 ,n[1 :e!r our bre?r5 h defraud$ u int5tionally1 or un9t5tionally1 ! wrong we suff] is equally ! same4 ,= ye>s1 !y h be5 spurr+ u up to ! p]=mance ( our duties4 ,! imm5se usefulness & ! va/ influ5ce ( woman h be5 eulogiz$ & call$ into ex]cise1 & _m a bless+ has be5 lavi%$ ^u u1 & _m a pray] put up = u1 because we h labor$ by day & by night to clo! & fe$ & educate "y m51 :il/ our own bodies sometimes suff] = want ( com=table g>m5ts1 & our m9ds are left 9 almo/ utt] de/itution ( t improvem5t :i* we are toil+ to be/[ ^u ! bre?r54 #8,full _m a gem ( pure/ ray s]5e1 ,! d>k unfa?om$ caves ( ocean be>2 ,full _m a fl[] is born to blu% unse5 ,& wa/e its sweetness on ! des]t air4' ,if ! sew+ societies1 ! avails ( ^: indu/ry are n[ exp5d$ 9 support+ & educat+ "y m5 = ! m9i/ry1 7 to )draw _! contributions to ^! objects1 & give !m :]e !y are m ne$$1 to ! advancem5t ( _! own sex 9 useful le>n+1 ! next g5]ation might furni% suffici5t pro(1 t 9 intellig5ce & ability to ma/] ! :ole circle ( sci5ces1 woman is n inf]ior to man2 & in/ead ( a s5sible woman be+ reg>d$ z %e n[ is1 is a lusus natur1 !y w\ld be q z common z s5sible m54 ,i confess1 consid]+ ! high claim m5 9 ?is c\ntry make to great polit5ess & def]5ce to wom51 x does seem a little extraord9>y t we %\ld be urg$ to "w = ! bre?r54 ,i %\ld suppose x w\ld be m 9 "* ) #8! g5]\s prompt+s ( *ivalry1 & ! poetry ( romantic gallantry1' = :i* ,ca!r9e ,e4 ,bee*] gives !m cr$it1 = !m to =m societies to educate _! si/]s1 see+ our inf]ior capacities require m cultivation to br+ !m into use1 & qualify u to be helps meet = !m4 ,h[ev]1 ?\gh ,i ?9k ?is w\ld be b a j return = all our pa/ k9dnesses 9 ?is way1 ,i %\ld be will+ to balance our acc\nts1 & beg9 a new c\rse4 ,h5ce=?1 let ! b5efit be reciprocat$1 or else let ea* sex provide = ! education ( _! own poor1 ^: tal5ts ought to be rescu$ f ! oblivion ( ignorance4 ,sure ,i am1 ! "y m5 :o are n[ b5efitt$ by ! h&y "w ( _! si/]s1 w n be less honorable if !y occupy half _! "t 9 e>n+ en\gh to pay = _! own education1 in/ead ( dep5d+ on ! indu/ry ( wom51 :o n unfrequ5tly deprive !mselves ( ! means ( pur*as+ valuable books :i* might enl>ge _! /ock ( useful k1 & p]haps prove a bless+ to ! family by furni%+ !m ) in/ructive read+4 ,if ! m9ds ( wom5 7 enlight5$ & improv$1 ! dome/ic circle w\ld be m frequ5tly refre%$ by intellig5t conv]sation1 a means ( edification n[ deplorably neglect$1 = want ( t cultivation :i* ^! intellectual advantages w\ld conf]4 ,,duties ,,( ,,wom54 ,"o ( ! duties :i* devolve ^u wom5 9 ! pres5t int]e/+ crisis1 is to prep>e !mselves = m ext5sive usefulness1 by mak+ use ( ^? religi\s & lit]>y privileges & advantages t are )9 _! rea*1 if !y w only /ret* out _! h&s & possess !m4 ,by do+ ?is1 !y w become bett] acqua9t$ ) _! rights z moral be+s1 & ) _! responsibilities gr[+ out ( ^? rights3 !y w reg>d !mselves1 z !y really are1 ,,free ,,ag5ts1 immortal be+s1 am5able to no tribunal b t ( ,jehovah1 & b\nd n to submit to any re/riction impos$ = selfi% purposes1 or to gratify t love ( p[] :i* has reign$ 9 ! he>t ( man f ,adam d[n to ! pres5t "t4 ,9 contemplat+ ! great moral re=mations ( ! day1 & ! "p :i* !y are b\nd to take 9 !m1 in/ead ( puzzl+ !mselves ) ! h>ass+1 because unnecess>y inquiry1 h[ f> !y may g )\t ov]/epp+ ! b\nds ( propriety1 :i* sep>ate male & female duties1 !y w only inquire1 #8,"l1 :at wilt ?\ h u to d8' ,!y w be enabl$ to see ! simple tru?1 t ,god has made no di/9ction betwe5 m5 & wom5 z moral be+s2 t ! di/9ction n[ s mu* insi/$ ^u betwe5 male & female virtues is z absurd z x is unscriptural1 & has be5 ! fruitful s\rce ( mu* mis*ief--grant+ to man a lic5se = ! exhibition ( brute =ce & conflict on ! battle field2 = /]nness1 selfi%ness1 & ! ex]cise ( irresponsible p[] 9 ! circle ( home--& to woman a p]mit to re/ on an arm ( fle%1 & to reg>d mode/y & delicacy1 & all ! k9dr$ virtues1 z peculi>ly appropriate to h]4 ,n[ to me x is p]fectly cle>1 t ,,:atsoev] ,,x ,,is ,,morally ,,"r ,,= ,a ,,man ,,to ,,d1 ,,x ,,is ,,morally ,,"r ,,= ,a ,,woman ,,to ,,d2 & t confusion mu/ exi/ 9 ! moral _w1 until wom5 takes h] /& on ! same plat=m ) man1 & feels t %e is clo!d by h] ,mak] ) ! same rights1 &1 ( c\rse1 t ^u h] devolve ! same duties4 ,x is n my int5tion1 nor inde$ d ,i ?9k x is 9 my p[]1 to po9t out ! precise duties ( wom54 ,to him :o /ill tea*e? by 8 ,holy ,_s z nev] man taught1 ,i ref] my belov$ si/]s4 ,!re is a va/ field ( usefulness be=e !m4 ,! signs ( ! times give port5t\s evid5ce1 t a day ( deep trial is approa*+2 & ,i urge !m1 by e consid]ation ( a ,savior's dy+ love1 by ! millions ( hea!n 9 our mid/1 by ! suff]+s ( woman 9 almo/ e portion ( ! _w1 by ! fe>ful ravages :i* slav]y1 intemp]ance1 lic5ti\sness & o!r iniquities are mak+ ( ! happ9ess ( our fell[ creatures1 to come to ! rescue ( a ru9$ _w1 & to be f\nd co-work]s ) ,jesus ,*ri/4 #8,ho6 to ! rescue1 ho6 ,up e "o t feels-- ',tis a sad & fe>ful cry ( woe ,f a guilty _w t /eals4 ,h>k6 h>k6 h[ ! horror rolls1 ,:5ce c ?is angui% be8 ',tis ! groan ( a trammel'd p's s\ls1 ,n[ bur/+ to be free4' ,& "h1 ) all due def]5ce = ! (fice ( ! m9i/ry1 :i* ,i believe 0 e/abli%$ by ,jehovah himself1 & design$ by ,him to be ! means ( spread+ light & salvation ?r\gh a crucifi$ ,savior to ! ends ( ! e>?1 ,i w\ld entreat my si/]s n to compel ! m9i/]s ( ! pres5t day to give _! names to great moral re=mations4 ,! practice ( mak+ m9i/]s life memb]s1 or (fic]s ( societies1 :5 _! he>ts h n be5 t\*$ ) a live coal f ! alt>1 & animat$ ) love = ! "w we are engag$ 91 is highly injuri\s to !m1 z well z to ! cause4 ,!y (t5 satisfy _! consci5ces 9 ?is way1 )\t do+ any?+ to promote ! anti-slav]y1 or temp]ance1 or o!r re=mations2 & we please ourselves ) ! idea1 t we h done some?+ to =w>d ! cause ( ,*ri/1 :51 9 effect1 we h be5 sew+ pill[s l ! false prophetesses ( old "u ! arm-holes ( our cl]ical bre?r54 ,let u treat ! m9i/]s ) all t5d]ness & respect1 b let u be c>eful h[ we *]i% 9 _! he>ts ! idea t !y are ( m importance to a cause ?an o!r m54 ,i rejoice :5 !y take hold he>tily4 ,i love & honor "s m9i/]s ) :om ,i h be5 associat$ 9 ! anti-slav]y ranks1 b ,i d deeply deplore1 = ! sake ( ! cause1 ! preval5t notion1 t ! cl]gy mu/ be _h1 ei!r by p]suasion or by brib]y4 ,!y w n ne$ p]suasion or brib]y1 if _! he>ts are ) u2 if !y are n1 we are bett] )\t !m4 ,x is idle to suppose t ! k+dom ( heav5 _c come on e>?1 )\t _! co-op]ation4 ,x is ! ,"l's "w1 & x mu/ g =w>d ) or )\t _! aid4 ,z well might ! conv]t$ ,jews h despair$ ( ! spread ( ,*ri/ianity1 )\t ! co-op]ation ( ,scribes & ,ph>isees4 ,let u keep 9 m9d1 t no abolitionism is ( any value1 :i* is n accompani$ ) deep1 he>tfelt rep5tance2 & t1 :5ev] a m9i/] s9c]ely rep5ts ( hav+1 ei!r by 8 apa?y or 8 ef=ts1 c\nt5anc$ ! fe>ful s9 ( slav]y1 he w ne$ no inducem5t to come into our ranks2 s f> f x1 he w abhor himself 9 du/ & a%es1 = 8 pa/ bl9dness & indiff]5ce to ! cause ( ,god's poor & oppress$3 & he w reg>d x z a privilege to be enabl$ to d some?+ 9 ! cause ( human rights4 ,i "k ! m9i/ry ex]cise va/ p[]2 b ,i rejoice 9 ! belief1 t ! spell is brok5 :i* encircl$ !m1 & r5d]$ x all b blasphemy to expose _! errors & _! s9s4 ,we are beg9n+ to und]/& t !y are b m51 & t _! /ation %\ld n %ield !m f m]it$ repro(4 ,i h blu%$ = my sex :5 ,i h he>d ( _! entreat+ m9i/]s to att5d _! associations1 & op5 !m ) pray]4 ,! idea is inconceivable to me1 t ,*ri/ian wom5 c be engag$ 9 do+ ,god's "w1 & yet _c ask 8 bless+ on _! ef=ts1 except ?r\gh ! lips ( a man4 ,i h kn[n a :ole t[n sc\r$ to obta9 a m9i/] to op5 a female meet+1 & _! refusal to d s spok5 ( z q a mis=tune4 ,n[1 ,i am n glad t ! m9i/]s d wrong2 b ,i am glad t my si/]s h be5 sometimes compell$ to act = !mselves3 x is exactly :at !y ne$ to /r5g!n !m1 & prep>e !m to act indep5d5tly4 ,& to say ! tru?1 !re is some?+ really ludicr\s 9 see+ a m9i/] ent] ! meet+1 op5 x ) pray]1 & !n take 8 dep>ture4 ,h[ev]1 ,i only ?r[ out ^! h9ts = ! consid]ation ( wom54 ,i believe !re are solemn responsibilities re/+ ^u u1 & t 9 ?is day ( light & k1 we _c plead ignorance ( duty4 ,! great moral re=mations n[ on ! :eel are only practical ,*ri/ianity2 & if ! m9i/ry is n prep>$ to labor ) u 9 ^! righte\s causes1 let u press =w>d1 & !y w foll[ on to "k ! ,"l4 ,,conclusion4 ,i h n[1 my de> si/]1 complet$ my s]ies ( lett]s4 ,i am aw>e1 !y conta9 "s new views2 b ,i believe !y are bas$ on ! immutable tru?s ( ! ,bible4 ,all ,i ask = !m is1 ! c&id & pray]ful consid]ation ( ,*ri/ians4 ,if !y /rike at "s ( our bosom s9s1 our deep-root$ prejudices1 our long *]i%$ op9ions1 let u n condemn !m on t acc\nt1 b inve/igate !m fe>lessly & pray]fully1 & n %r9k f ! exam9ation2 because1 if !y are true1 !y place heavy responsibilities ^u wom54 ,9 ?r[+ !m be=e ! public1 ,i h be5 actuat$ solely by ! belief1 t if !y are act$ ^u1 !y w exalt ! "* & enl>ge ! usefulness ( my own sex1 & contribute greatly to ! happ9ess & virtue ( ! o!r4 ,t !re is a root ( bitt]ness cont9ually spr++ up 9 families & tr\bl+ ! repose ( bo? m5 & wom51 mu/ be manife/ to ev5 a sup]ficial obs]v]2 & ,i believe x is ! mi/ak5 notion ( ! inequality ( ! sexes4 ,z !re is an assumption ( sup]iority on ! "o "p1 :i* is n sanction$ by ,jehovah1 !re is an incessant /ruggle on ! o!r to rise to t degree ( dignity1 :i* ,god design$ wom5 to possess 9 common ) m51 & to ma9ta9 ^? rights & ex]cise ^? privileges :i* e woman's common s5se1 ap>t f ! prejudices ( education1 tells h] are inali5able2 !y are a "p ( h] moral nature1 & c only cease :5 h] immortal m9d is ext+ui%$4 ,"o ^w m4 ,i feel t ,i am call+ ^u my sex to sacrifice :at has be51 :at is /ill de> to _! he>ts1 ! adulation1 ! flatt]y1 ! att5tions ( trifl+ m54 ,i am ask+ !m to repel ^! insidi\s enemies :5ev] !y approa* !m2 to manife/ by _! conduct1 t1 al?\gh !y value highly ! society ( pi\s & intellig5t m51 !y h no ta/e = idle conv]sation1 & = t silly pref]5ce :i* is manife/$ = _! p]sonal accommodation1 (t5 at ! exp5se ( great inconv5i5ce to _! male companions4 ,z an illu/ration ( :at ,i mean1 ,i w /ate a fact4 ,i 0 travel+ lately 9 a /age coa*4 ,a g5tleman1 :o 0 also a pass5g]1 0 made sick by rid+ ) 8 back to ! horses4 ,i (f]$ to ex*ange seats1 assur+ him x did n affect me at all unpleasantly2 b he 0 too polite to p]mit a lady to run ! risk ( be+ discommod$4 ,i am sure he meant to be v civil1 b ,i really ?\ght x 0 a fooli% piece ( civility4 ,?is k9d ( att5tion enc\rages selfi%ness 9 woman1 & is only accord$ z a sort ( quietus1 9 ex*ange = ^? rights ( :i* we are depriv$4 ,m5 & wom5 are equally b\nd to cultivate a _s ( accommodation2 b ,i exce$+ly deprecate h] be+ treat$ l a spoil$ *ild1 & sacrifices made to h] selfi%ness & vanity4 ,9 lieu ( ^! flatt]+ b injuri\s att5tions1 yield$ to h] z an inf]ior1 z a m>k ( b5evol5ce & c\rtesy1 ,i want my sex to claim no?+ f _! bre?r5 b :at _! bre?r5 may ju/ly claim f !m1 9 _! int]c\rse z ,*ri/ians4 ,i am p]suad$ woman c d mu* 9 ?is way to elevate h] own "*4 ,& t we may become duly s5sible ( ! dignity ( our nature1 only a little l[] ?an ! angels1 & br+ =? fruit to ! glory & honor ( ,emanuel's "n1 is ! f]v5t pray] ( ,?9e 9 ! bonds ( womanhood1 ,,s>ah ,m4 ,,grimke4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,errors 9 punctuation h be5 fix$4 ,page #g3 8,?y bo?0 *ang$ to 8,!y bo?0 ,page #h3 8fle%1 fl[l0 *ang$ to 8fle%1 f[l0 ,page #i3 8moral responsibilites0 *ang$ to 8moral responsibilities0 ,page #ba3 8,pa/oral ,l]t]0 *ang$ to 8,pa/oral ,lett]0 ,page #be3 8mess5g] ( ,jehevah0 *ang$ to 8mess5g] ( ,jehovah0 ,page #cf3 8& someties0 *ang$ to 8& sometimes0 ,page #dc3 ,9 ! footnote1 8de famille on de0 *ang$ to 8de famille ou de0 & 8,p>is & ,l\don0 *ang$ to 8,p>is & ,london0 ,page #dh3 8os well z0 *ang$ to 8z well z0 ,page #ej3 8mak+ a wai/coa/0 *ang$ to 8mak+ a wai/coat0 ,page #eg3 8he mean "t0 *ang$ to 8! mean "t0 ,page #fa3 8,,intelllect ,,( ,,woman0 *ang$ to 8,,intellect ,,( ,,woman0 ,page #fg3 8,*ri/ian c\ntres0 *ang$ to 8,*ri/ian c\ntries0 ,page #gj3 8glorions re=mations0 *ang$ to 8glori\s re=mations0 ,page #gi3 8d] husb&'s0 *ang$ to 8h] husb&'s0 ,page #hi3 8! same g\nd0 *ang$ to 8! same gr\nd0 ,page #aja3 8b h>d5de0 *ang$ to 8b h>d5$0 ,page #aah3 8s s$u\sly0 *ang$ to 8s s$ul\sly0 ,page #abj3 8lusses natur0 *ang$ to 8lusus natur0 ,page #abb3 8=/ ernness0 *ang$ to 8= /]nness0 ,page #abh3 8woman c c d mu*0 *ang$ to 8woman c d mu*0