,,transcrib]',s ,,note      ,italic text
 is d5ot$ by und]scores4      ,"s m9or  
*anges to ! text are not$ at ! end ( !  
book4                                   
,,anti-,,slav]y                         
,,cate*ism4                             
,,by ,,mrs4 ,,*ild1      ,au?or ( #8,an 
,appeal 9 favor ( t class ( ,am]icans   
call$    ,africans1' ! #8,evils (       
,slav]y1 & ! ,cure ( ,slav]y1'          
#8,au!ntic    ,anecdotes ( ,am]ican     
,slav]y1' #8,hi/ory ( ! ,condition (    
,wom51'    #8,! ,oasis1' #8,frugal      
,h\sewife1' c4                          
8,on ! nation's nak$ he>t               
,scatt] ! liv+ coals ( ,tru?40          
,second ,edition4                       
,,newburyport3                          
,,publi%$ ,,by ,,*>les ,,:ipple4        
#ahci4                 ,ent]$ accord+ to
 ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahce1       
,by ,,*>les ,,:ipple1      ,9 ! ,cl]k's 
,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt (             
,massa*usetts4          ,,anti-,,slav]y 
,,cate*ism4      ,"q4 ,:y d y consid] x 

a duty to prea* & publi%  abolition     
doctr9es8    ,answ]4 ,fir/1 ,i consid] x
 my duty z a ,*ri/ian2 = ! sy/em  (     
slav]y1 z a :ole1 & 9 ea* "o ( its      
details1 is 9 direct  opposition to !   
precepts ( ! gospel4 ,secondly1 ,i      
consid] x  my duty z a consci5ti\s      
citiz5 ( ?is republic2 = ,i believe     
slav]y is prejudicial to ! be/ int]e/s (
 my c\ntry2 & ,i  d>e n hope t ,god's   
bless+ w re/ ^u u1 if we p]sev]e  9 our 
iniquity4    ,q4 ,b ! abolitioni/s are  
accus$ ( %[+ ! wor/ side (  slav]y4 ,is 
x n true t !y seek to give an exagg]at$ 
idea (  its evils8    ,a4 ,i believe e  
man1 :o c&idly exam9es ! subject1 w     
come to ! conclusion1 t e side appe>s to
 be ! wor/ side4  ,all[ me to give a    
brief /atem5t ( ! case4 ,betwe5 two &   
?ree millions ( p are compell$ to labor 
)\t wages4 ,!y  ga9 no?+ m by work+ t5  
h\rs ?an !y w\ld by work+  "o h\r4 ,x is
 n 9 human nature t !y %\ld be dispos$  
to  be indu/ri\s "u ^! circum/ances4 ,!y
 try to d z little  z possible4 ,! *ief 

"p ( ! labor t is got out ( _!  bones & 
s9ews is obta9$ by fe> ( ! :ip4 ,a peck 
( corn a  week is ! usual all[ance = !  
food ( a slave4 ,! plant]s  g5]ally     
e/imate t a slave c be f$ & clo!d at an 
exp5se  ( f fifte5 to tw5ty doll>s a    
ye>4 ,! foll[+ is !  pr9t$ te/imony (   
,?omas ,clay1 ( ,georgia1 himself a     
slave-hold]1  ?\gh reput$ to be an      
amiable1 consci5ti\s man3 8,a peck (    
corn  p] week1 if x be s\nd fl9t corn1  
is suffici5t to su/a9 heal?  & /r5g? "u 
mod]ate labor4 ,b !re is (t5 a defect  9
 ! quality1 & ! quantity is !n          
insuffici5t4 ,! pres5t  economy ( !     
slave sy/em is to get all y c f ! slave1
  & give 9 return z little z w b>ely    
support him 9 a work+  condition4 ,ev5  
:]e !re is n direct int5tion to abridge 
8  com=ts1 !y are b little consult$2 & !
 slave1 see+ 8  ma/] :olly engross$ by 8
 own advantage1 naturally adopts !  same
 selfi% c\rse1 &1 :5 n re/ra9$ by high] 
pr9ciples1  becomes deceitful & selfi%40
    ,q4 ,if ,mr4 ,?omas ,clay is a good 

man1 & really ?9ks slav]y s  bad 9 its  
effects1 :y does he n emancipate 8 own  
slaves8    ,a4 ,if y 7 to ask him1 ,i   
suppose he w\ld give an answ] v  common 
among plant]s4 ,he w\ld tell y t he c\ld
 n d x  because ! laws ( ! ,/ate 9 :i*  
he lives impose su* heavy  p5alties1 t !
 process ( emancipation is extremely    
difficult  & exp5sive4    ,q4 ,:o makes 
! laws ( ! ,s\!rn ,/ates8    ,a4 ,!     
slave-hold]s !mselves4 ,:5 ,i he> a man 
say t he  w\ld gladly emancipate 8      
slaves1 if ! laws w\ld all[ x1  x makes 
me ?9k ( an anecdote ,i h (t5 he>d4 ,a  
little girl  _h be5 ord]$ to p]=m "s    
h\sehold "w 9 ! abs5ce (  h] "m4 ,:5 !  
p>5t return$1 & saw t h] ord]s _h  n be5
 obey$1 %e said1 8,my *ild1 :y h y n    
done z ,i bid  y80 ,! little girl       
repli$1 8,i %\ld h be5 glad to d x1  "m2
 b ,i c\ld n4 ,don't y see ,i am ti$80  
8,& pray :o ti$  y80 inquir$ ! "m4 8,i  
ti$ myself10 0 ! reply4 ,n[ ?is  is     
pla9ly ! case ) ! slave-hold]s4 ,!y make
 oppressive  laws1 & p]si/ 9 uphold+ ^? 

laws1 & !n say1 8,i w\ld d  my duty1 if 
,i c\ld2 b ! laws w n p]mit x40    ,q4  
,d ! slaves h to "w all ! "t8    ,a4 ,9 
"s ,/ates ! laws orda9 t slaves %all n  
be  compell$ to "w m ?an f\rte5 h\rs a  
day1 f ,septemb]  to ,m>*1 nor m ?an    
fifte5 h\rs a day1 f ,m>* to  ,septemb]2
 & x is reasonable to conclude t !re    
w\ld h  be5 no necessity = mak+ su* a   
law1 unless "s ma/]s did  compel _!     
slaves to toil beyond ! specifi$ h\rs4  
,convicts1 :o  are imprison$ = crime1   
are n oblig$ to "w m ?an t5 h\rs  a day1
 & are bett] f$ ?an ! slaves4 ,x is an  
extraord9>y  ?+ = a slave to be s5t to !
 /ate prison = an (f5ce4  ,in/ead (     
puni%m5t1 x w\ld 9 fact be amelioration 
( 8 lot4    ,q4 ,b ,i h be5 told t !    
slaves sometimes "w =  !mselves4    ,a4 
,:5 !y happ5 to h k9d ma/]s1 !y are     
sometimes  all[$ a "p ( ! "t to e>n     
some?+ = !mselves2 b !  laws are        
extremely ineffici5t = ! protection (   
prop]ty ?us  acquir$4 ,if a :ite man    
sees fit to seize ! products ( _!       

indu/ry1 ! law 9 mo/ cases af=ds no     
r$ress2 because 9 slave  ,/ates a color$
 man is nev] all[$ to give evid5ce aga9/
 a  :ite man1 "u any circum/ances4 ,any 
note ( h&1 or writt5  contract ) a slave
 is wor? no m ?an a promissory note to a
  dog2 because no slave c br+ an action 
at law4 ,9 sev]al ( !  ,/ates1 a slave  
is liable to puni%m5t if x is asc]ta9$ t
 he  has acquir$ any prop]ty4    ,q4 ,i 
h be5 told t ma/]s are all[$ to kill _! 
slaves4  ,c ?is be true8    ,a4 ,! laws 
d inde$ nom9ally consid] ! kill+ ( a    
slave  z murd]2 b no in/ance has ev] be5
 record$ ( a :ite man  execut$ = kill+ a
 slave4 ,"o law on ?is subject has !    
foll[+ /range qualification3 8,except   
said slave die ( mod]ate  puni%m5t40 ,z 
if any puni%m5t1 t occasion$ dea?1 c\ld 
be mod]ate6 ,if a hundr$ blacks or      
mulattoes1 ei!r bond or free1  %\ld see 
a slave murd]$1 x avails no?+ aga9/ !   
murd]]2  because ! laws ( slave ,/ates d
 n all[ a color$ p]son1 "u  any         
circum/ances1 to te/ify aga9/ a :ite    

man4 ,! laws ( ,s\?  ,c>ol9a favor !    
ma/] to su* a degree1 t :5 accus$ (     
murd]+ a slave1 he may be absolv$ simply
 ^u 8 own oa?1  t he did n commit !     
crime6    ,q4 ,b ,i am told t :ite m5   
are n unfrequ5tly prosecut$ =  cruelty  
to slaves2 & ?is looks z if ! laws af=d$
 ! poor  creatures "s protection4    ,a4
 ,i h read n a few ,reports ( ,cases 9  
,s\!rn ,c\rts2  & ^? reports did m ?an  
any ?+ else to make me an  abolitioni/4 
,prosecutions are always br\ght = !     
ma/]'s  int]e/--nev] = ! protection or  
r$ress ( ! slave4 ,9  ,m>t9's ,l\isiana 
,reports1 #ahah1 y w f9d ! case (       
,j\rdan  vs4 ,patt54 ,9 ?is case a lady 
su$ a neighbor+ proprietor  = ! damage (
 putt+ out ! only eye ( "o ( h] slaves4 
,! ,supreme ,c\rt decid$ t ! def5dant   
%\ld pay ! lady  ! sum ( twelve hundr$  
doll>s2 9 consid]ation ( :i*1 !  slave  
%\ld be plac$ 9 8 possession4 ,! lady   
receiv$ all  ! money1 z an              
indemnification = ! loss ( prop]ty2 b ! 
poor slave n only receiv$ no atonem5t = 

8 suff]+s1 b  0 actually giv5 to ! v man
 t _h knock$ 8 eye out6  ,?is is a fair 
sample ( ! nature ( all su*             
prosecutions4 ,9  ,nott  ,mc,cord's ,s\?
 ,c>ol9a ,reports1 #ahah1 x is /at$ t a 
slave belong+ to ,mrs4 ,e4 ,witsell1 0  
%ot ?r\gh ! head by two  m5 :o 7 hunt+  
runaway negroes4 ,! lady comm5c$ an     
action  to recov] ! value ( h] slave4 ,!
 judge told ! jury t  circum/ances might
 exi/ to au?orize ! kill+ ( a negro1    
)\t ! sanction ( a magi/rate1 or ev5 !  
ord] ( a militia  (fic]2 b x 0 ?\ght su*
 circum/ances 7 n connect$  ) ?is case2 
! lady 0 !re=e entitl$ to comp5sation  =
 injury done to h] prop]ty4 ,z = ! poor 
slave himself1 8  p>5ts1 8 wife1 or 8   
*ildr51 !y 7 nev] once ?\ght (  9 !     
matt]4    ,q4 ,b d y really believe !y  
hunt negroes ) dogs & guns1  z "s p say8
    ,a4 ,!re _c be ! slighte/ d\bt ( !  
fact4 ,dogs are  tra9$ = t express      
purpose4 ,! plant]s ju/ify ! practice1  
by say+ x is absolutely necess>y = _!   
own safety2 because  runaway negroes1 :o

 collect 9 ! woods & swamps1 w soon beg9
  to commit depr$ations on ! neighbor+  
e/ates4 ,?us ! evils  inevitably gr[+   
out ( ?is bad sy/em are made use ( to   
ju/ify  its cruelties4 ,free labor]s    
w\ld h no inducem5t to run away  & hide 
9 swamps4 ,x w\ld obvi\sly be = _! own  
int]e/ to  keep at "w4 ,^! negro hunts  
seem to be ent]$ into ) all !  ke5      
excitem5t ( sportsm5 go+ out to hunt    
squirrels or h>es4 ,a  lett] writt5 ne> 
,ed5ton1 ,n4,c4 among o!r items ( news1 
/ates3  8,we h _h great negro %oot+     
lately40 ,a g5tleman well kn[n 9  !     
lit]>y _w resid$ = "s "t 9 ! family ( a 
,georgia  plant]2 & he himself /at$ to  
me t ?ree negro hunts took  place dur+ !
 fir/ n9e mon?s ( 8 /ay !re4 ,he said1 t
  "o night he>+ a noise bel[ /airs1 he  
ha/5$ to asc]ta9 !  cause4 8,! g5tlem5 (
 ! family 7 clean+ & load+ _!  guns1    
try+ _! fl9ts1 & go+ ?r\gh ! usual      
prep>ations1  app>5tly = a de] hunt1 z  
buck %ot & bullets 7 9 dem&4  ,! *ildr5 
( ! family _h p>tak5 ( ! g5]al          

excitem5t1  & aris5 f _! b$s4 ,z ,i     
ent]$ ! room1 ,i c\ld he> "o  ( ! y\nge/
 say1 #8,:y1 pa1 y w\ldn't kill ,ralph1 
w\ld y8'  #8,i w\ld take him1 & sell    
him1 & get money = him1' said !  next ( 
age4 #8,y w only lame him1 s z to seize 
him1 ,i suppose1'  said ! "m4 #8,i w\ld 
r kill him ?an ! be/ fat buck 9  !      
c\ntry1' repli$ ! fa!r1 z he ramm$ d[n !
 heavy *>ge4  ,! moonlight f ! w9d[     
glanc$ along ! b>rel ( ! piece1  &      
caught ! eye ( ! elde/ boy4 ,! reflect$ 
light k9dl$  up 8 glance ) some?+ ( an  
unnatural fla%1 b 9 vivid  sympa?y ) !  
pat]nal look & attitude4 ,! anticipat$  
joy (  v5geance seem$ to be ! pr$om9at+ 
emotion40    ,q4 ,if ! laws are z y say1
 ,i %\ld ?9k ! slaves did n  /& a fair  
*ance :5 !y are wrongfully accus$4      
,a4 ,if y w exam9e ,/r\d's ,comp5dium ( 
! ,slave ,laws1 y  w be conv9c$ =       
y\rself t :at ,i say is true2 & !       
effect is z y suppose4 ,! poor slaves   
are completely 9 ! p[]  ( _! ma/]s4 ,!  
same m5 :o accuse !m are (t5 _! judges  

& execution]s4 ,9 illu/ration ( ?is1 ,i 
w tell y a case  t occurr$ 9 ,ed5ton1   
,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,x 0 told by a woman :o  
liv$ !re at ! "t1 & witness$ "s ( !     
executions4 ,_m  ( ! slaves 9 t place 7 
skilful 9 me*anical trades4 ,!  plant]s 
9 ! back c\ntry 7 v desir\s to pur*ase  
"s (  !m2 b _! ma/]s f\nd x s pr(itable 
to let !m out1 t  !y w\ld n cons5t to   
sell !m4 ,^? :o 7 anxi\s to buy1  hit ^u
 ! foll[+ exp$i5t to obta9 _! purpose3  
,!y wrote  anonym\s lett]s1 *>g+ ^!     
intellig5t slaves ) hav+  project$ an   
insurrection4 ,^! lett]s 7 scatt]$ ab\t 
9  ,ed5ton1 ) ! idea t ! ma/]s w\ld be  
glad to sell su*  dang]\s fell[s2 b     
in/ead ( ?is1 ! poor innoc5t slaves 7   
tri$1 convict$1 & s5t5c$ by _! fright5$ 
own]s2 & a  l>ge numb] ( !m 7 put to    
dea?1 ^u no o!r evid5ce ?an  anonym\s   
lett]s4    ,q4 ,x does n seem z if su*  
?+s c\ld take place 9 a  civiliz$       
c\ntry4 ,c y believe x8    ,a4 ,if y    
reflect a little ^u human nature1 ,i    
believe y w  ?9k x p]fectly natural t   

su* abuses %\ld exi/1 :]ev]  "o human   
be+ has arbitr>y p[] ov] ano!r4 ,y w\ld 
n l  to place y\rself completely 9 ! p[]
 ev5 ( ! be/ man y  "k2 y w\ld be afraid
 to h x dep5d entirely on 8 w h[  mu* "w
 y %\ld d 9 a day1 :at food y %\ld eat1 
& :at  clo!s y %\ld we>1 & h[ & :5 y    
%\ld be puni%$4  ,x is n consid]$       
entirely safe = an ag$ p>5t to rel9qui% 
all 8 prop]ty1 & tru/ entirely to !     
g5]osity ( 8 own  *ildr52 :at !n d y    
suppose ! poor slave has to expect1 :5  
he becomes too old & infirm to be       
pr(itable to 8 ma/]8    ,q4 ,b !        
,s\!rn]s are said to be v honorable1    
g5]\s m54    ,a4 ,our ,s\!rn bre?r5 are 
j :at any human be+s w\ld be  "u simil> 
circum/ances4 ,!y are g5]\s ) ! proce$s 
(  o!r m5's labor1 = ! same reason t !  
heir is prodigal (  money1 :i* ano!r    
accumulates = him4 ,he :o c let out 8   
neighbor1 & 8 neighbor's wife & *ildr51 
& receive all  _! wages1 w naturally be 
m pr(use ?an a man :o dep5ds  entirely  
on 8 own ex]tions4 ,plant]s h h]et(ore  

g5]ally  confess$ t slav]y is an evil1 &
 _m ( !m speak ( its  detail$ abuses )  
/rong regret2 b ^! abuses are m]ely !   
necess>y & inevitable results ( ! sy/em 
!y are help+ to  support2 & !y nev] c   
cure ! abuses until !y are will+ to     
r5\nce ! sy/em itself4 ,i suppose t few 
plant]s w\ld ?9k  ( palliat+ ! treatm5t 
,mrs4 ,sal>ie's slaves receiv$2 yet !y  
are all help+ to support a sy/em "u :i* 
su* cruelties c  be committ$ ) impunity4
 ,p]haps v humane & amiable ma/]s  d ev5
 m mis*ief ?an ! desp]ately wick$2 = !y 
are  always quot$ z palliations ( ! :ole
 sy/em2 & !y approa*  s ne> to ! "r l9e1
 t !y c m easily draw ov]  k9d-he>t$ p1 
:o h n ?\ght mu* ^u ! subject4    ,q4   
,:at is ! hi/ory ( ,mrs4 ,sal>ie8    ,a4
 ,%e resid$ 9 ,new ,orleans4 ,on ! #aj? 
( ,april1 #ahcd1 h]  spl5did mansion    
took fire4 ,dur+ ! mid/ ( !             
conflagration1  a rumor arose among !   
cr[d t !re 7 slaves *a9$ 9 !  burn+     
dwell+2 b ^? :o ask$ = ! keys 7 reprov$ 
=  int]f]+ ) _! neighbor's bus9ess4 ,at 

la/ ! doors 7  =c$ op5 by sailors &     
me*anics1 t _h collect$ ar\nd !  spot2 &
 a ,new ,orleans pap] ?us describes !   
horrible sc5e t  pres5t$ itself3 8,sev5 
slaves m or less horribly mutilat$1 7   
se51 "s *a9$ to ! floor1 & "s susp5d$ by
 ! neck to  ! ceil+1 ) _! limbs /ret*$ &
 torn f "o extremity  to ! o!r4 ,_!     
bodies1 f head to foot1 7 cov]$ )  sc>s 
& sores1 & fill$ ) w\nds4 ,"o poor old  
man1 upw>ds (  sixty ye>s ( age1 0 *a9$ 
h& & foot1 & made fa/ to !  floor1 9 a  
kneel+ position4 ,8 head bore !         
appe>ance ( hav+  be5 beat5 until x 0   
brok51 & ! worms 7 actually se5  mak+ a 
fea/ ( 8 bra9s40    ,q4 ,e body mu/ h   
?\ght h] a v wick$ woman4 ,did !        
slave-hold]s 9 ! neighborhood pret5d to 
ju/ify h] measures8    ,a4 ,i h no d\bt 
t e humane p]son1 t he>d ( !  ev5t1     
express$ horror1 & s9c]ely felt x4 ,=   
sev]al mon?s  previ\s to ! discov]y1 h] 
neighbors _h be5 9 ! habit (  liv+ 9    
ap>tm5ts z f> z possible f h] h\se1 on  
purpose to  avoid ! %rieks & groans ( h]

 poor suff]+ slaves2 yet dur+  all t "t 
no compla9t 0 laid be=e ! public        
au?orities1  & no inve/igation dem&$6 ,i
 suppose neighbors 7 afraid to say  any 
?+1 le/ !y %\ld be accus$ ( promot+     
discont5t among  ! negroes4 ,^? :o      
endeavor to keep human be+s 9 !         
situation  ( bea/s1 are m afraid ( !m   
?an !y w\ld be ( bea/s2  because ! human
 be+ has reason1 :i* is always prone to 
(f]  resi/ance to tyranny4 ,!           
consci\sness ( ?is makes slave-hold]s  v
 irritable :5 any "o 9 ! community takes
 "p ) an  abus$ slave1 or expresses !   
slighte/ pity = 8 suff]+s4    ,q4 ,is x 
n = ! ma/]'s int]e/ to treat ! slaves   
well8    ,a4 ,s x is = ! int]e/ ( m5 to 
treat _! horses &  cattle well2 & yet _!
 passions n unfrequ5tly make !m =get  _!
 int]e/s4 ,passive ob$i5ce is obta9$ f  
human be+s )  m difficulty ?an f        
animals2 & :5 ! ma/] is provok$1  ! poor
 slave is completely 9 8 p[]1 ) sc>cely 
! %ad[  ( protection f ! law4 ,! law 9  
no case recognises slaves z  human be+s2

 on ! contr>y1 x expressly decl>es !y   
8%all  be deem$1 sold1 tak51 & reput$ to
 be *attels p]sonal1 9  ! h&s ( _! own]s
 & possessors1 _! adm9i/rators &        
assigns1 to all int5ts1 con/ructions1 & 
purposes :atev]40 ,an  act ( ,m>yl&1 = !
 settlem5t ( e/ates1 enum]ates specific 
articles1 su* z 8slaves1 work+ bea/s1   
animals10 c4 ,:]e ev5  ! laws consid]   
human be+s z animals1 x is n a matt] (  
surprise t !y are g5]ally treat$ no     
bett] ?an self-int]e/  leads m5 to treat
 animals4 ,y w likewise p]ceive t :5  ! 
slave becomes old1 or diseas$1 or 9 any 
way unfit = labor1  x is n = ! int]e/ ( 
8 ma/] to prolong 8 exi/5ce  by r5d]+ x 
com=table4 ,!n aga9 t "p ( ! sy/em      
connect$ ) ov]se]s1 %[s pla9ly t !      
self-int]e/ (  ! ma/] _c effectually    
secure good treatm5t to ! slave4  ,if   
plant]s 7 to give ov]se]s a /at$ sal>y1 
)\t reg>d  to ! am\nt ( produce1 !      
ov]se]s 7:o are prov]bially  unpr9cipl$ 
m57 w\ld h no motive = consult+ ! int]e/
 (  _! employ]s--x w\ld be a matt] (    

indiff]5ce to !m :e!r  mu* or little "w 
7 done4 ,to obviate ?is difficulty1 x is
  cu/om>y to give ! ov]se] a c]ta9      
proportion ( ! pr(its  ( ! plantation4  
,( c\rse1 x becomes 8 rul+ desire to get
 !  greate/ possible am\nt ( "w done4   
,he does n c>e h[ mu* !  soil is        
exhau/$1 nor h[ mu* ! negroes are brok5 
d[n4 ,if a  slave says he is v ill1 !   
ov]se] is unwill+ to believe !  /ory1   
because he is reluctant to lose a day's 
labor4 ,if ! poor  creature droops "u 8 
allott$ task1 he mu/ be /imulat$ by !   
:ip1 because ! ov]se] _c sp>e an h\r ( 8
 ex]tions4 ,if  ! 8slave dies "u mod]ate
 puni%m5t10 ! ma/] mu/ furni%  a new    
labor]2 & ! loss falls on him1 n on !   
ov]se]4  ,x is obvi\sly natural = !     
latt] p]sonage to ?9k m (  8 own ga9s   
?an ( 8 employ]'s losses4 ,e body kn[s t
  m5 are prone to drive hir$ horses )   
less m]cy ?an _! own2  because !y d n   
meet ) any p]sonal loss f injury done to
  ! bea/1 & _! object is to get _!      
money's wor? ( rid+4  ,is x n a fe>ful  

?+ = "o human be+ to be plac$ t[>ds     
ano!r 9 ! same relation t a /able-horse 
is t[>d ! man  :o hires him8 ,:5 plant]s
 are rem9d$ ( in/ances ( cruelty1  too  
well au!nticat$ to be d5i$1 !y are prone
 to lay ! blame  ^u ov]se]s4 ,mr4 ,wirt1
 ( ,virg9ia1 speaks ( ?is class ( m5  z 
8! l[e/ ( ! human race--always cap 9 h& 
to ! dons :o  employ !m1 & furni%+      
mat]ials = _! pride1 insol5ce1  & love (
 dom9ion40 ,if we _h no su* in=mation   
conc]n+ !  "* ( ^! m51 we %\ld naturally
 conclude t good p  w\ld be av]se to    
ent] into su* an employm5t4 ,yet ov]se]s
 &  driv]s are a necess>y "p ( ?is bad  
sy/em1 because slaves  are entirely     
depriv$ ( ! motives :i* induce free     
labor]s  to "w2 & s9ce ov]se]s mu/ be   
employ$1 x is necess>y to  make x = _!  
int]e/ to get z mu* "w out ( ! slave z  
possible4 ,! evils ( slav]y are necess>y
 & inevitable p>ts  ( ! sy/em2 & :e!r ! 
plant]s reprobate !m or n1 !y  _c       
possibly avoid !m1 except by rel9qui%+ !
 sy/em4 ,!  ma/] & 8 subord9ate ag5ts   

mu/ h discretion>y p[] to  puni%1       
because _! poor human brutes1 be+       
depriv$ ( salut>y  motives to ex]tion1  
mu/ be driv5 to x4 ,! slave mu/ n be    
all[$ to buy or sell1 or make ! mo/     
trifl+ contracts2 because  ! oppress$   
be+ w\ld naturally avail himself ( ?is  
privilege1  & sell "s ( ! cotton or     
tobacco1 :i* he cultivates =  8 ma/] )\t
 wages4 ,! laws mu/ puni% !m ) great    
sev]ity2 because ! v nature ( _!        
condition is a con/ant  temptation to   
!ft1 falsehood1 & murd]4 ,!y mu/ be kept
  brutally ignorant2 because if !y 7    
o!rwise1 !y c\ld n be  kept 9 slav]y4   
,lic5ti\sness mu/ be c\nt5anc$ among !m2
  because _! ma/]'s int]e/ is connect$ )
 _! increase1  & he might lose _m good  
b>ga9s if ! laws did n all[ him  to sell
 a wife f h] husb&1 or a husb& f 8 wife4
 ,! law  mu/ suppose a negro to be a    
slave1 till he proves himself free2     
because runaway slaves w\ld ( c\rse     
pret5d t !y 7 free4  ,!y mu/ n be all[$ 
to witness aga9/ a :ite man2 = a  slave 

may h _h a wife or a *ild :ipp$ to dea? 
by a :ite  man--& he may h _m o!r good  
reasons = /rong prejudice  aga9/ :ite   
m54 ,an unnatural sy/em mu/ be su/a9$ by
  unnatural means4 ,h5ce we f9d ! same  
*>act]i/ic features 9  e c\ntry :]e     
negro slav]y has be5 all[$4    ,q4 ,"s p
 ?9k slav]y z great a s9 z ! slave      
trade4 ,are  y ( t op9ion8    ,a4 ,!re  
seems to me j ! same diff]5ce z !re is  
betwe5  ! ?ief & ! man :o pays him =    
/eal+4 ,:at w\ld y say  ( a man :o buys 
a horse1 kn[+ x to be /ol58 ,! foll[+   
circum/ance1 :i* took place a %ort "t   
be=e our ,revolution1  furni%es a good  
comm5t>y on ?is matt]4 ,a ,philadelphia 
negro 0  accus$ ( hav+ /ol5 goods 9 8   
possession4 ,he ackn[l$g$  ! fact1 say+1
 8,massa ,ju/ice1 me "k me got dem t+s f
 ,tom  d]e1 & me t9k ,tom teal dem too2 
b :at d51 ,massa8 dey be only  a        
piccan9ny knife1 & a piccan9ny          
corkscrew2 "o co/ sixp5ce1  & tudd] a   
%ill+2 an me pay ,tom hone/ly = dem1    
,massa40  8,pretty /ory1 truly60 said 8 

wor%ip2 8y knew !y 7 /ol51  & yet allege
 = excuse1 y hone/ly paid = !m4 ,don't y
  "k1 ,pompey1 t ! receiv] is z bad z ! 
?ief8 ,y mu/ be  sev]ely :ipp$1 y black 
rascal40 8,v well1 ,massa1 if de black  
rascal be :ipt = buy+ tol5 goods1 me    
hope de :ite rascal be  :ipt too1 = same
 t+1 :5 y cat* him40 8,to be sure10     
repli$  ! ,ju/ice4 8,well d510 says     
,pompey1 8"h be ,tom's ,massa--hold him 
fa/1 con/able6 ,he buy ,tom1 z ,i buy de
 piccan9ny knife1 & de  piccan9ny       
corkscrew4 ,he "k v well ,tom be tol5 f 
8 old  fadd] & mudd]2 de knife & de     
corkscrew _h n$]40    ,i d n see h[ we c
 escape f ! conclusion t !  slave-own]  
is an accomplice ( ! slave-trad]4 ,s    
long z a  pr(itable m>ket is kept op51 !
 article w be suppli$1 despite  (       
difficulties & dang]s4 ,! only way to   
/op ! trade1 is to  %ut up ! m>ket2 &   
?is c be done only by ! entire abolition
  ( ! sy/em ( slav]y4 ,:5 nobody w buy a
 man1 nobody w be  tempt$ to /eal a man4
 ,slav]y nev] exi/s )\t hav+ m or  less 

( ! slave-trade involv$ 9 x4 ,!re is 9 !
 v he>t  ( our l& a slave-trade         
con/antly c>ri$ on1 & sanction$ by  our 
laws1 :i* is z disgraceful & cruel z !  
=eign slave  trade4 ,! new slave ,/ates 
at ! extreme ,s\? h n slaves  en\gh1 & !
 climate1 toge!r ) ! h>d labor ( ! sug> 
plantations1 kills !m v fa/4 ,! old     
slave ,/ates h a  surplus ( slaves1 :i* 
!y s5d (f to supply ^! m>kets4 ,ab\t  t5
 ?\s& are annually export$ f ,virg9ia   
alone4 ,niles1 9  8 ,regi/]1 vol4 #ce1  
page #d1 says3 8,deal+ 9 slaves has     
become  a l>ge bus9ess4 ,e/abli%m5ts are
 made at sev]al places 9  ,m>yl& &      
,virg9ia1 at :i* !y are sold l cattle4  
,^!  places are /rongly built1 & well   
suppli$ ) ?umbscrews1  gags1 c[-sk9s1 & 
o!r :ips1 (t5 bloody40 ,9 ^!  sales no  
reg>d is paid to dome/ic ties4 ,! newly 
m>ri$ wife  is torn %riek+ f h] husb&1 &
 ! "m ) h] little  ones are sold 9      
8sep>ate lots to suit pur*as]s40 ,a     
g5tleman  9 ,*>le/on1 ,s4 ,c41 writes to
 8 fri5d 9 ,new ,york3 8,curiosity      

sometimes leads me to ! auction sales ( 
! negroes4 ,!re ,i saw  ! fa!r look+ )  
sull5 contempt on ! cr[d1 & express+  an
 indignation 9 8 c\nt5ance t he d>es n  
speak2 & !  "m press+ h] infants clos]  
to h] bosom1 exclaim+1 9 wild  & simple 
e>ne/ness1 #8,i c't leff my *ildr56 ,i  
won't leff my  *ildr56' ,b ! hamm] w5t  
on1 reckless :e!r x unit$ or  sund]$ =  
ev]4 ,on ano!r /& ,i saw a man app>5tly 
z :ite  z myself expos$ = sale40    ,q4 
,i h he>d "s p say t ! negroes d n c>e s
  mu* ab\t su* sep>ations z we %\ld     
suppose4    ,a4 ,!re is no d\bt t _!    
degrad$ situation t5ds to blunt  !      
feel+s1 z well z to /ultify ! intellect2
 & x is a  fe>ful ?+ to ?9k :at         
,*ri/ians h to answ] =1 :o ?us          
brutalize immortal s\ls4 ,b !re are     
num]\s in/ances to prove  t ! poor      
creatures d (t5 suff] ! mo/ agoniz+     
s5sations  :5 torn f ^? !y love4 ,ne>   
,palmyra1 9 ,m>ion c\nty1  ,miss\ri1 two
 boys 7 sold to a slave-trad]1 :o did n 
int5d  to leave ! place until morn+4    

,dur+ ! night1 ! "m 0  kept *a9$ 9 an   
out-h\se1 t %e might n make any ef=t to 
prev5t ! dep>ture ( h] *ildr54 ,%e      
manag$ to get loose f  h] fett]s1 seiz$ 
an axe1 cut (f ! heads ( h] sleep+ boys1
  & !n end$ h] own life by ! same       
in/rum5t4    ,! ,miss\ri ,intellig5c]1 a
 few mon?s ago1 gave an acc\nt ( a      
slave nam$ ,mi*ael1 :o 0 sold by 8 ma/] 
to ,mr4 ,j4 ,e4 ,f5ton1  by :om he 0 to 
be imm$iately %ipp$ = ! ,s\!rn m>kets4  
,at ! m\? ( ! ,ohio1 he fil$ (f 8 irons1
 & contriv$ to  escape4 ,he imm$iately  
return$ to ! place :]e 8 wife resid$1  &
 hav+ arm$ himself1 decl>$ he nev] w\ld 
be s5t to !  ,s\?1 unless 8 wife 0 all[$
 to accompany him4 ,he 0 f9ally  tak5 by
 /ratagem1 & lodg$ 9 jail = safe keep+4 
,f9d+ t  8 oppressors 7 det]m9$ to      
sep>ate him f 8 belov$ wife1  he        
committ$ suicide4 ,i believe ! atta*m5ts
 ( slaves are ev5  /rong] ?an ours2 = ^!
 ties con/itute ! only pleasure !y  are 
all[$ to h4 ,hundr$s ( in/ances might be
 told1 :]e !y  h pref]r$ dea? to        

sep>ation4    ,q4 ,i h be5 told !y      
sometimes kidnapp$ free color$ p]sons1  
to sell !m z slaves4 ,is x s8    ,a4 ,x 
is unque/ionably true t ?is is c>ri$ on 
to a  consid]able ext5t4 ,m ?an tw5ty   
free color$ *ildr5 7  kidnapp$ 9 ! s+le 
city ( ,philadelphia1 9 #ahbe2 & 9 #ahbg
  two 7 /ol5 9 op5 day4 ,x is a common  
?+ to decoy !  unsuspect+ victims on    
bo>d a vessel1 or to "s retir$ spot1 &  
!n seize & b9d !m4 ,a ,new ,york pap] ( 
#ahbi1 says3 8,bew>e  ( kidnapp]s6 ,x is
 well und]/ood t !re is at pres5t 9  ?is
 city1 a gang ( kidnapp]s1 busily engag$
 9 _! vocation  ( /eal+ color$ *ildr5 = 
! ,s\!rn m>ket40 ,z ! law  supposes e   
color$ p]son to be a slave unless he c  
prove  himself free1 & z no p]son ( 8   
own complexion is all[$ to be  evid5ce =
 him1 ! kidnapp]s h an easy "t ( x4     
,q4 ,"s p say we ought to pity ! ma/]s z
 well z !  slaves4    ,a4 ,i agree ) !m 
entirely4 ,! ma/]s are to be deeply     
piti$2  because ! long cont9uance ( a   
wick$ sy/em has involv$ !m  9           

difficulties1 & at ! same "t r5d]$ !m   
g5]ally bl9d  to ! be/ means ( gett+ rid
 ( ^? difficulties4 ,!y are  likewise to
 be compassionat$ = ! effects :i* e>ly  
habits (  p[] produce on _! own *>act]s4
 ,mr4 ,jeff]son1 :o liv$ 9  ! mid/ (    
slav]y1 says3 8,! :ole comm]ce betwe5   
ma/] &  slave is a p]petual ex]cise ( ! 
mo/ boi/]\s passions2 !  mo/ unremitt+  
despotism on ! "o "p1 & degrad+         
submission  on ! o!r4 ,our *ildr5 see   
?is1 & le>n to imitate x4 ,!  p>5t      
/orms2 ! *ild looks on1 cat*es !        
l9eam5ts ( wra?1  puts on ! same airs 9 
a circle ( small] slaves1 gives loose to
  ! wor/ ( passions2 & ?us nurs$1       
educat$1 & daily ex]cis$  9 tyranny1 _c 
b be /amp$ by x ) odi\s peculi>ities4   
,! man mu/ be a prodigy1 :o c reta9 8   
morals & mann]s  undeprav$ 9 su*        
circum/ances40 ,! g5]al lic5ti\sness    
produc$ by ?is sy/em c nev] be describ$ 
)\t us+ language  too gross to be       
address$ to a civiliz$ community4 ,"s   
idea ( x  may be d]iv$ f ! fact1 t e    

female slave is completely  9 ! p[] ( h]
 ma/]1 ( 8 sons1 ( 8 ov]se]s1 & 8       
driv]s4 ,! law does n all[ h] to (f]    
resi/ance to a :ite  man1 "u any        
circum/ances2 & ! /ate ( public op9ion  
is  su* t any pret5sions to virtue on h]
 "p w\ld be treat$  ) brutal ridicule4  
,! slave is n all[$ to h any "r 9  8    
wife & *ildr54 ,if 8 ma/]'s int]e/ c be 
s]v$ by 8  keep+ ?ree or f\r wives1 or  
by 8 wife's hav+ a succession (  husb&s1
 he _c dispute ! comm&s ( 8 own]4 ,!    
wife1 or  ! husb&1 is sometimes sold1 & 
s5t ?\s&s ( miles f ea*  o!r1 & f _!    
little ones1 )\t ! slighte/ hope ( ev]  
meet+ aga94 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! man1 
or ! woman1 is  soon ord]$ to take ano!r
 p>tn]2 because x is = ! int]e/  ( !    
ma/] t !y %\ld d s4 ,x is a %ameful fact
 t !  laws & cu/oms ( our c\ntry make x 
absolutely impossible = a  l>ge portion 
( our population to be virtu\s1 ev5 if  
!y wi% to  be s4 ,! weal? ( ,virg9ia is 
pr9cipally made by ! bre$+  ( slaves &  
horses2 & p]sons unaccu/om$ to ! sy/em  

w\ld  be %ock$ by ! detail ( well       
au!nticat$ facts1 :i* prove  t ab\t z   
little reg>d is paid to dec5cy 9 "o case
 z !  o!r4 ,mulatto slaves br+ a high]  
price ?an black ones2 h5ce  lic5ti\sness
 9 slave ,/ates becomes a pr(itable     
vice1 in/ead (  be+ exp5sive1 z x is "u 
o!r =ms ( society4    ,q4 ,i h be5 told 
t a great _m ( ! slaves h v light       
complexions4 ,is x s8    ,a4 ,9 ! old   
slave ,/ates1 :]e ! process (           
amalgamation  has be5 go+ on = a long   
"t1 ?is is rem>kably ! case4 ,an  old   
soldi]1 :o lately visit$ ! ,s\?1 said he
 0 n s mu*  /ruck by any circum/ance1 z 
by ! great *ange t _h tak5  place 9 !   
complexion ( ! slaves s9ce !            
,revolution4 ,n[ &  !n ,i h se5 9 !     
s\!rn pap]s adv]tisem5ts = a runaway    
slave1 8:o passes himself = a :ite man40
 ,a ,bo/on g5tleman1 :o  dislikes !     
abolitioni/s v mu*1 visit$ ,georgia a   
few ye>s  ago4 ,he told me t :5 he 0    
walk+ ) a plant] "o day1 !y  met a man  
driv+ a team1 :o _h a p]fectly fair     

complexion1 )  blue eyes & br[n hair4 ,!
 ,bo/onian rem>k$1 8,t mu/ be an        
indep5d5t fell[1 to be driv+ a team 9   
?is "p ( ! c\ntry1  :]e x is consid]$ s 
disgraceful = a :ite man to "w40 8,o1  t
 fell[ is a slave10 repli$ ! ,georgian4 
,almo/ e body  has he>d ( ! rec5t case (
 ,m>y ,gilmore1 ( ,philadelphia1 a      
p]fectly :ite girl1 ( ,iri% p>5tage1 :o 
0 tak5 up & tri$  z a runaway slave4 ,a 
,miss\ri newspap] proves t a :ite man   
may1  )\t a mi/ake1 be adjudg$ a slave4 
8,a case ( a slave sue+  = 8 fre$om1 0  
tri$ a few days s9ce 9 ,l9coln c\nty1 ( 
:i* ! foll[+ is a brief /atem5t (       
p>ticul>s3 ,a y\? (  ab\t t5 ye>s ( age 
su$ = 8 fre$om on ! gr\nd t he  0 a free
 :ite p]son4 ,! c\rt grant$ 8 petition  
to sue z  a paup] ^u inspection ( 8     
p]son4 ,^u 8 trial be=e !  jury1 he 0   
exam9$ by ! jury & two le>n$ physicians1
 all  ( :om concurr$ 9 ! op9ion t v     
little1 if any1 race (  negro blood c\ld
 be discov]$ by any ( ! ext]nal         
appe>ances4  ,all ! physiological m>ks (

 di/9ction1 :i* *>act]ize !  ,african   
desc5t1 _h disappe>$4 ,8 sk9 0 fair1 8  
hair s(t1  /raight1 f9e & :ite1 8 eyes  
blue1 b r dispos$ to !  hazel-nut color2
 nose prom95t1 ! lips small1 8 head r\nd
 &  well =m$1 =ehead high & prom95t1 e>s
 l>ge1 ! tibia (  ! leg /raight1 & feet 
holl[4 ,not)/&+ ^! evid5ces (  8 claims1
 he 0 prov$ to be ! desc5dant ( a       
mulatto woman1  & t 8 prog5itors on !   
"m's side _h be5 & /ill  7 slaves3      
consequ5tly he 0 f\nd to be a slave40 ,i
 h be5  told ( a "y physician1 :o w5t   
into ! f> ,s\!rn ,/ates  to settle1 &   
!re became 9 love ) a v h&some & mode/  
girl1 :o liv$ at s]vice4 ,he m>ri$ h]2 &
 ab\t a ye> aft]  t ev5t1 a g5tleman    
call$ at ! h\se1 & ann\nc$ himself  z   
,mr4 ,j99999999999999y1 ( ,mobile4 ,he  
said to ,dr4 ,w99999999991 8,sir1 ,i h a
  trifl+ affair ( bus9ess to settle ) y4
 ,y h m>ri$ a  slave ( m9e40 ,! "y      
physician res5t$ ?is language2 = he  _h 
n ent]ta9$ ! slighte/ suspicion t ! girl
 _h any  o!r ?an :ite ance/ors s9ce !   

flood4 ,b ,mr4 ,j4 furni%$  pro(s ( 8   
claim1 & ,dr4 ,w4 knew v well t ! laws (
 !  c\ntry w\ld uphold him 9 x4 ,aft]   
consid]able discussion1 !  be/ b>ga9 he 
c\ld make 0 ei!r to pay eight hundr$    
doll>s1  or h 8 wife put up at auction4 
,he cons5t$ to ! fir/  alt]native1 & 8  
unwelcome visit] dep>t$4 ,:5 he _h gone1
  ,dr4 ,w4 told 8 wife :at _h happ5$4 ,!
 poor woman bur/ into  te>s & said1 8,t 
z ,mr4 ,j4 0 h] own fa!r1 %e _h hop$  t 
:5 he he>d %e _h f\nd an honorable      
protector1 he w\ld  h left h] 9 peace40 
,q4 ,!re c be no d\bt t slav]y is a bad 
sy/em2 b don't  y ?9k x ought to be done
 away gradually8 ,ought n ! slaves to   
be fitt$ = fre$om1 be=e !y are          
emancipat$8    ,a4 ,! difficulty is1 x  
is utt]ly impossible to fit !m =  fre$om
 :ile !y rema9 slaves4 ,! ma/]s "k v    
well t  _! vassals w be s]vile j 9      
proportion z !y are brutally  ignorant2 
h5ce all _! legislation t5ds to keep !m 
s4 ,x is a  disgraceful fact1 t 9 half (
 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates ! work+ m5  are       

expressly =bidd5 to le>n to read or     
write4 ,! law orda9s  t tw5ty la%es %all
 be inflict$ ^u e slave f\nd 9 an       
assembly met toge!r = ! purpose ( 8m5tal
 in/ruction40 ,any  :ite p]son :o tea*es
 a slave to read or write1 or gives or  
sells  him any book 7! ,bible n         
except$71 is f9$ two hundr$ doll>s2  &  
any color$ p]son :o commits ! same      
crime1 is puni%$ )  ?irty-n9e la%es1 or 
) imprisonm5t4 ,! ,rev4 ,*>les ,c4      
,jones1  ( ,georgia1 said 9 "o ( 8      
s]mons3 8,g5]ally speak+1 !  slaves     
appe> to u to be )\t ,god & )\t hope 9 !
 _w--a  nation ( hea!n 9 our v mid/4 ,we
 _c cry out aga9/ !  ,papi/s = )hold+ ! 
,scriptures f ! common p2 =  we )hold ! 
,bible f our s]vants1 & keep !m 9       
ignorance  ( x40 ,a writ] 9 ! ,obs]v]1 (
 ,*>le/on1 ,s4 ,c4 says3 8,i  haz>d !   
ass]tion1 t ?r\gh\t ! b\nds ( our synod1
  !re are at lea/ "o hundr$ ?\s& slaves1
 speak+ ! same  language z ourselves1 :o
 nev] he>d ( ! plan ( salvation by  a   
,r$eem]40 ,! reason assign$ = ^!        

oppressive laws is1 t  8tea*+ slaves to 
read & write t5ds to excite             
dissatisfaction 9  _! m9ds10 & to       
produce insurrection4 ,9 ,georgia1 a    
:ite man is  f9$ five hundr$ doll>s =   
tea*+ a slave or free negro to read  or 
write2 & if a color$ man attempts to    
tea* ! alphabet ev5 to  8 own *ild1 he  
is liable to be f9$ or :ipp$1 accord+ to
 !  discretion ( ! c\rt4 ,su* laws are  
necess>y = ! pres]vation  ( ?is         
dete/able sy/em2 & :ile su* laws exi/1  
h[ c !  slaves ev] be bett] fitt$ =     
fre$om8 ,:5 ! ,briti% gov]nm5t  insi/$ t
 female slaves %\ld no long] be flogg$  
nak$ 9 !  ,colonies1 ! ,jamaica         
legislature repli$1 t ! practice c\ld  n
 possibly be laid aside1 8until ! negro 
wom5 acquir$ m (  ! s5se ( %ame1 :i*    
di/+ui%es ,european females40 ,fitt+  m5
 = fre$om by keep+ !m slaves1 is l !    
,jamaica mode (  mak+ wom5 mode/ by     
:ipp+ !m )\t clo?+4    ,q4 ,b don't y   
?9k x w\ld be dang]\s to turn ! slaves  
at  once loose ^u ! community8    ,a4 ,!

 abolitioni/s nev] desir$ to h !m turn$ 
loose4  ,!y wi% to h !m gov]n$ by       
salut>y laws1 s regulat$ z  effectually 
to protect bo? ma/] & slave4 ,!y m]ely  
wi%  to h ! p[] ( puni%m5t transf]r$ f  
individuals to  magi/rates2 to h ! sale 
( human be+s cease2 & to h  ! /imulus ( 
wages appli$1 in/ead ( ! /imulus ( !    
:ip4 ,! relation ( ma/] & labor] might  
/ill cont9ue2  b "u circum/ances less   
irksome & degrad+ to bo? p>ties4  ,ev5 t
 mu* abus$ animal ! jackass c be made to
 travel m  exp$iti\sly by susp5d+ a bun*
 ( turnips on a pole & keep+  !m be=e 8 
nose1 ?an he c by ! cont9ual application
 ( !  :ip2 & ev5 :5 human be+s are      
brutaliz$ to ! la/ degree1  by !        
s\l-de/roy+ sy/em ( slav]y1 !y h /ill   
s5se  en\gh left to be m will+ to "w two
 h\rs = twelve c5ts1  ?an to "w "o h\r =
 no?+4    ,q4 ,i %\ld ?9k ?is sy/em1 9 !
 long run1 mu/ be an  unpr(itable "o4   
,a4 ,x is admitt$ to be s4 ,s\!rn]s (t5 
decl>e t x takes  six slaves to d :at is
 easily p]=m$ by half ! numb] ( free    

labor]s4 ,h5ry ,clay says1 8,x is       
believ$ t slave-labor w\ld no  :]e be   
employ$ 9 ! f>m+ portions ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates1 if  ! proprietors 7 n tempt$ to 
raise slaves by ! high price (  ! ,s\!rn
 m>ket1 :i* keeps x up 9 _! own20 & he  
says !  effects ( introduc+ slav]y into 
,k5tucky h be5 to keep !m  9 ! re> ( _! 
non-slave-hold+ neighbors1 9            
agriculture1  manufactures1 & g5]al     
prosp]ity4 ,g5]al ,wa%+ton1 :5  writ+ to
 ,sir ,john ,s9clair on ! comp>ative    
value ( ! soil  9 ,p5nsylvania &        
,virg9ia1 ascribes ! v l[ price ( l&  9 
,virg9ia to ! exi/5ce ( slav]y among !m4
 ,john ,r&olph  decl>$ t ,virg9ia 0 s   
impov]i%$ by slav]y1 t slaves  w\ld soon
 be adv]tis+ = runaway ma/]s4 ,a        
di/+ui%$ writ]  on political economy    
says3 8,! slave sy/em inflicts an       
incalculable  am\nt ( human suff]+1 = ! 
sake ( mak+ a :olesale wa/e  ( labor &  
capital40    ,q4 ,b ! ma/]s say !       
negroes w\ld cut _! ?roats1 if !y  7    
emancipat$4    ,a4 ,x is saf] to judge  

by uni=m exp]i5ce ?an by !  ass]tions ( 
! ma/]s1 :o1 ev5 if !y h no int5tion to 
deceive1 are v liable to be bl9d$ by    
hav+ be5 educat$ 9  ! mid/ ( a bad      
sy/em4 ,li/5 to facts on ?is subject4   
,on !  #aj? ( ,octob]1 #ahaa1 !         
,congress ( ,*ili decre$ t e *ild  born 
aft] t day %\ld be free4 ,9 ,april1     
#ahab1 ! gov]nm5t  ( ,bu5os ,ayres ord]$
 t e *ild born aft] ! #a/ (  ,janu>y1   
#ahac1 %\ld be free4 ,9 #ahba1 !        
,congress ( ,colombia  emancipat$ all   
slaves :o _h borne arms 9 favor ( !     
,republic1  & provid$ = ! emancipation1 
9 eighte5 ye>s1 ( ! :ole  slave         
population1 ( #ijj1jjj4 ,9 ,septemb]1   
#ahbi1 ! gov]nm5t (  ,mexico grant$     
imm$iate & entire emancipation to e     
slave4 ,9  all ^! in/ances1 n "o case ( 
insurrection or ( blood%$  has ev] be5  
he>d (1 z ! result ( emancipation4    ,9
 ,/4 ,dom+o no measures 7 tak5 gradually
 to fit ! slaves  = fre$om4 ,!y 7       
sudd5ly emancipat$ dur+ a civil w>1 &   
arm$ aga9/ ,briti% invad]s4 ,!y at once 

ceas$ to be prop]ty1  & 7 recogniz$ z   
human be+s4 ,col4 ,malefant1 :o resid$  
on  ! isl&1 in=ms u1 9 8 ,hi/orical &   
,political ,hi/ory (  ! ,colonies1 t1   
8aft] ?is public act ( emancipation1 !  
negroes rema9$ quiet bo? 9 ! s\? & we/1 
& !y cont9u$  to "w ^u all !            
plantations4 ,! colony 0 fl\ri%+4 ,!    
:ites liv$ happily & 9 peace ^u _!      
e/ates1 & !  negroes cont9u$ to "w =    
!m40 ,g5]al ,lacroix1 9 8 ,memoirs  (   
,/4 ,dom+o1 speak+ ( ! same p]iod1 says3
 8,! colony  m>*$ z by en*antm5t t[>ds  
its anci5t spl5dor2 cultivation         
prosp]$2 e day produc$ p]ceptible pro(s 
( its progress40  ,?is prosp]\s /ate (  
?+s la/$ ab\t eight ye>s1 & w\ld  p]haps
 h cont9u$ to ! pres5t day1 _h n        
,bonap>te1 at !  in/igation ( ! old     
,fr5* plant]s1 s5t an army to deprive ! 
blacks ( ! fre$om !y _h us$ s well4 ,!  
enemies ( abolition  are always talk+ ( 
! horrors ( ,/4 ,dom+o1 z an argum5t to 
prove t emancipation is dang]\s2 b      
hi/orical facts prove  t ! ef=t to      

re/ore slav]y occasion$ all ! blood%$ 9 
t isl&2 :ile emancipation produc$ only !
 mo/ peaceful &  prosp]\s results4    ,9
 ,june1 #agid1 ,victor ,hugo1 a ,fr5*   
republican g5]al1 retook  ,guadal\pe f !
 ,briti%1 & imm$iately proclaim$ fre$om 
to  all ! slaves4 ,!y 7 #he1jjj 9 numb]1
 & ! :ites only  #ac1jjj4 ,no disa/]s   
occurr$ 9 consequ5ce ( ?is /ep4 ,m  ?an 
sev5 ye>s aft] ?is1 ! ,supreme ,c\ncil (
 ,guadal\pe1 9  an (ficial docum5t1     
allud+ to ! tranquillity :i* reign$     
?r\gh\t ! isl&1 obs]v$3 8,we %all h !   
satisfaction (  hav+ giv5 an example1   
:i* w prove t all classes ( p  may live 
9 p]fect h>mony ) ea* o!r1 "u an        
adm9i/ration  :i* secures ju/ice to all 
classes40 ,9 #ahjb1 ,bonap>te s5t a     
p[]ful ,fr5* =ce1 & aga9 r$uc$ ! isl& to
 slav]y1 at  ! co/ ( ab\t #bj1jjj negro 
lives4    ,9 ,july1 #ahbh1 ?irty ?\s&   
,hott5tots 9 ,cape ,colony 7  emancipat$
 f _! long & cruel bondage1 & admitt$ by
 law to  all ! rights & privileges ( !  
:ite coloni/s4 ,outrages 7  pr$ict$1 z !

 inevitable consequ5ce ( free+ human    
creatures  s completely brutaliz$ z !   
poor ,hott5tots2 b all w5t on           
peaceably2 &1 z a g5tleman faceti\sly   
rem>k$1 8,hott5tots z  !y 71 !y work$   
mu* bett] = ,mr4 ,ca%1 ?an !y _h ev]    
done = ,mr4 ,la%40    ,q4 ,b !y say !   
,briti% h _h difficulties 9 _! ,we/     
,indies4    ,a4 ,! enemies ( ! cause h  
tri$ v h>d to get up a  8raw-head &     
bloody-bones0 /ory2 b ev5 if y take _!  
own  acc\nts1 y w f9d t !y h n be5 able 
to adduce any  in/ances ( viol5ce 9     
support ( _! ass]tions4 ,! real  facts  
are ^!3 ,! measure 0 n c>ri$ 9 a mann]  
entirely  satisfactory to ! ,engli%     
abolitioni/s4 ,_! k ( human  nature1    
comb9$ ) ! practical evid5ce af=d$ by   
hi/ory1  l$ !m to conclude t imm$iate & 
unqualifi$ emancipation  0 safe/ = !    
ma/]1 z well z j to ! slave2 b  !       
plant]s rais$ su* a hue & cry conc]n+   
blood%$ &  insurrection1 t ! ,briti%    
gov]nm5t det]m9$ to conciliate  !m by a 
gradual abolition ( slav]y4 ,x 0 orda9$ 

t !  slaves %\ld "w six ye>s long] )\t  
wages1 "u ! "n  ( appr5tices2 b no      
puni%m5t c\ld be inflict$ )\t !  special
 ord] ( magi/rates4 ,! colonies _h a "r 
to disp5se  ) ! appr5tice%ip sy/em if !y
 pleas$2 b out ( !  sev5te5 ,we/ ,india 
colonies1 ,antigua & ,b]muda 7 ! only   
ones t *ose to d s4 ,! act ( ,p>liam5t  
provid$ t ea*  appr5tice %\ld "w = 8    
ma/] =ty & a half h\rs a  week1 & h !   
re/ ( ! "t to himself4 ,! ma/]s 7 n     
satisfi$ ) ?is2 & !y tri$1 by a s]ies ( 
petty vexations1  to co]ce ! appr5tices 
into individual contracts to "w fifty   
h\rs 9 a week4 ,:ile ! p _h be5 slaves1 
!y 7 always  all[$ cooks to prep>e _!   
meals1 a p]son to br+ wat]  to ! gang   
dur+ ! hot h\rs1 & nurses to t5d !      
little  *ildr5 :ile _! mo!rs 7 at "w 9 !
 field2 b because  ! ,abolition ,act did
 n expressly provide t ^! privileges    
%\ld be cont9u$1 ! ma/]s saw fit to take
 !m away4 ,ea*  appr5tice 0 oblig$ to   
quit 8 or h] "w1 & g1 sometimes a  great
 di/ance1 to ! cab9 to cook 8 meals1    

in/ead ( hav+  x s]v$ up 9 ! field2 & ! 
"t tak5 up 9 ?is op]ation  0 to be made 
up out ( ! appr5tices' own "t4 ,no wat] 
0  all[$ to be br\ght to qu5* _! ?ir/2 !
 ag$ & infirm1  in/ead ( be+ left1 z    
=m]ly1 to sup]9t5d ! *ildr5 "u  ! %ade1 
7 ord]$ out into ! burn+ fields2 & mo!rs
  7 oblig$ to toil at ! hoe ) _! infants
 /rapp$ at _!  backs4 ,9 addition to all
 ^! annoyances1 ! plant]s obta9$ a  new 
proclamation f ! gov]nor1 by :i* !y 7   
au?oriz$  to require extra labor ( !    
appr5tices 9 times ( em]g5cy1  or :5ev] 
!y %\ld deem x necess>y1 9 !            
cultivation1  ga!r+1 or manufacture ( ! 
crop1 provid$ !y repaid !m an  equal "t 
at a conv5i5t season ( ! ye>4 ,?is 0 v  
mu*  l tak+ f a ,new ,engl& labor] !    
mon? ( ,july1 & pay+  x back to him 9   
,janu>y4 ,! negroes _h behav$ extremely 
well  :5 emancipation 0 fir/ proclaim$1 
& univ]sally %[$ a  disposition to be   
ord]ly1 submissive1 & ?ankful2 b ?is    
sy/em  ( privation & inju/ice soon      
creat$ discont5t4 ,!y knew t  !y 7 to   

receive no wages1 h[ev] indu/ri\s !y    
might be2  & !y 7 well aw>e t _! ma/]s  
no long] _h a "r  to flog !m4 ,a bad    
/imulus to labor _h be5 remov$1 )\t     
supply+ a good "o 9 its place4 ,9 ?ree (
 ! colonies1 !  appr5tices refus$ to "w 
on ! t]ms requir$ by _! ma/]s4  ,9      
,jamaica1 a v small milit>y =ce 0 s5t   
into "o p>i%1 &  only on "o occasion2 b 
no viol5ce 0 (f]$ on ei!r side2 =  !    
appr5tices conf9$ !mselves to passive   
resi/ance--m]ely  refus+ to "w on !     
requir$ t]ms4 ,9 ,/4 ,*ri/oph]s1        
difficulties ( a simil> k9d occurr$2 b  
no outrage ( any k9d  0 committ$4 ,9 "o 
=tnight all ! tr\ble 0 at an end2 &  out
 ( tw5ty ?\s& appr5tices1 only ?irty 7  
f\nd to be  abs5t f _! "w2 & "s ( ^! 7  
suppos$ to be dead  9 ! woods4 ,9       
,dem>>a1 ! pr9cipal difficulty occurr$4 
,!  labor]s assembl$ toge!r1 & m>*$ r\nd
 ) a flag /aff2 b  ! wor/ ?+ !y did 0 to
 beat a con/able ) _! fi/s4  ,x is a    
solemn fact t a few fi/y cuffs ) a      
con/able are !  only viol5ce to p]sons  

or prop]ty1 t has be5 attempt$ by !     
eight hundr$ ?\s& slaves emancipat$ 9 ! 
,briti% ,colonies6    ,ev5 !            
difficulties above enum]at$ 7slight z !y
 71 &  unwor?y to be nam$ 9 connexion ) 
su* a great moral *ange7  7 b tempor>y4 
,! gov]nor ( ,jamaica1 aft] five mon?s' 
trial ( emancipation1 decl>es1 9 8      
address to ! ,assembly1  8,n ! slighte/ 
idea ( any int]ruption ( tranquillity   
exi/s  9 any qu>t]2 & ^? prep>ations :i*
 ,i h felt x my duty  to make1 might1   
)\t ! slighte/ dang]1 h be5 disp5s$  )40
 ,by rec5t news1 we le>n t ! plant]s    
f9d+ ! sy/em  ( co]cion 0 likely to be  
ru9\s to _! own int]e/1 (f]$  !         
appr5tices #bs4 #f;d4 p] day = extra "w4
 ,! enemies (  abolition prophesi$ t    
no?+ w\ld induce ! negroes to "w  m ?an 
!y 7 actually compell$ to by law1 & t ! 
crops  w\ld p]i% = want ( ga!r+4 ,b !   
result prov$ o!rwise4  ,z soon z wages 7
 (f]$1 !y came =w>d eag]ly1 &  (f]$ to d
 m "w ?an ! plant]s 7 will+ to pay =4   
,we  h ! te/imony ( "o ( _! magi/rates1 

t z soon z ?is  sy/em 0 tri$1 8_! app>5t
 indiff]5ce 0 e :]e ?r[n  (f1 & _! "w   
c>ri$ on 9 a /eady1 p]sev]+1 & dilig5t  
mann]40    ,q4 ,& h[ 0 x 9 ,antigua &   
,b]muda1 :]e !y gave up  ! appr5tice%ip 
sy/em1 & tri$ imm$iate & unqualifi$     
emancipation8    ,a4 ,9 ^? colonies n ! 
slighte/ difficulty1 ( any k9d1 has     
occurr$4 ,! ,antigua j\rnals decl>e1 8,!
 great d\bt is solv$2  ! highe/ hopes ( 
! negroes' fri5ds are fulfill$4 ,a :ole 
p1 compris+ ?irty ?\s& s\ls1 h pass$ f  
slav]y  into fre$om1 n only )\t !       
slighte/ irregul>ity1 b )  ! solemn &   
decor\s tranquillity ( a ,sabba?40 ,!   
,*ri/mas  holidays 7 always seasons (   
al>m 9 ! slave-colonies1 & a  milit>y   
=ce 0 always held 9 read9ess2 b !       
,*ri/mas aft]  emancipation1 ! cu/om>y  
gu>d 0 disp5s$ )4 ,up to !  pres5t "t1 e
 ?+ rema9s p]fectly tranquil 9 ,antigua2
 &  a negro is at ! head ( ! police 9 t 
isl&4 ,! population  consi/s ( #b1jjj   
:ites1 #cj1jjj slaves1 & #d1ejj free    
blacks4    ,q4 ,yet p are always say+ t 

free negroes _c take c>e  ( !mselves4   
,a4 ,x is because p are ei!r v mu*      
prejudic$ or v  ignorant on ! subject4  
,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 color$ p]sons h     
sc>cely any *ance to rise4 ,!y are      
despis$1 & abus$1 &  disc\rag$1 at e    
turn4 ,9 ! slave ,/ates !y are subject  
to  laws ne>ly z oppressive z ^? ( !    
slave4 ,!y are :ipp$  or imprison$1 if  
!y try to le>n to read or write2 !y are 
n  all[$ to te/ify 9 c\rt2 & !re is a   
g5]al disposition n  to enc\rage !m by  
giv+ !m employm5t4 ,9 addition to ?is1  
! plant]s are v desir\s to expel !m f ! 
,/ate1 p>tly  because !y are jeal\s ( _!
 influ5ce ^u ! slaves1 &  p>tly because 
^? :o h slaves to let out1 naturally    
dislike  ! competition ( ! free negroes4
 ,b if color$ p are  well treat$1 & h ! 
same inducem5ts to indu/ry z o!r  p1 !y 
"w z well & behave z well4 ,a few ye>s  
ago !  ,p5nsylvanians 7 v mu* al>m$ at !
 repres5tations t  7 made ( ! increase (
 paup]ism f ! +ress ( free  negroes4 ,a 
committee 0 appo9t$ to exam9e into !    

subject1 &  x 0 asc]ta9$ t ! color$ p n 
only support$ _!  own poor1 b paid a    
consid]able additional sum t[>ds !      
support  ( :ite paup]s4    ,q4 ,i h he>d
 p say t ! slaves w\ld n take _!        
fre$om1 if x 7 (f]$ to !m4    ,a4 ,i    
s9c]ely wi% !y w\ld (f] x4 ,i %\ld l to 
see !  exp]im5t tri$4 ,if ! slaves are s
 well satisfi$ ) _!  condition1 :y d !y 
make su* sev]e laws aga9/ runn+ away8   
,:y are ! patroles on duty all ! "t to  
%oot e negro :o  does n give an acc\nt (
 himself z soon z !y call to him8 ,:y1  
not)/&+ all ^! pa9s & p5alties1 are _!  
newspap]s  full ( adv]tisem5ts = runaway
 slaves8 ,if ! free negroes are  s mu*  
worse (f ?an ^? 9 bondage1 :y is x t _! 
laws  be/[ fre$om on any slave1 8:o     
saves 8 ma/] or mi/ress's  life1 or     
p]=ms any m]itori\s s]vice to ! ,/ate80 
,t mu/  be a v bad c\ntry :]e ! law     
/ipulates t m]itori\s  actions %all be  
rew>d$ by mak+ a man m unhappy ?an he 0 
be=e6 ,"s mon?s ago1 ,i _h a conv]sation
 ) a woman1 :o  w5t f ,bo/on to         

,tuscaloosa1 9 ,alabama4 ,%e 0 ! wife ( 
a  ,bapti/ cl]gyman1 pr(ess$ to be a    
pi\s woman1 & 0 consid]$  z su*4 ,i f\nd
 h] an apologi/ = slav]y1 b 0 n aw>e  at
 ! "t t %e actually own$ slaves4 ,%e    
ma9ta9$ t  fre$om 0 ! greate/ curse t   
c\ld be be/[$ on a slave2 &  :5 ,i      
attempt$ to put ! case home to h]       
consci5ce1 %e1 =  consi/5cy's sake1     
decl>$1 t %e %\ld be q z will+  to die &
 leave h] own little son 9 slav]y1 z to 
leave him a  free labor] at ! ,nor?4 ,%e
 said if %e _h a hundr$ slaves1 %e  %\ld
 treat !m all k9dly1 & endeavor to make 
_! condition  com=table4 ,i repli$1 8,i 
am will+ to believe t y w\ld d  s1      
madam2 b 9 case ( y\r dea?1 or ( any    
pecuni>y di/ress  9 ! family1 ! poor    
slaves w\ld be divid$ among heirs1 or   
seiz$ by cr$itors2 & !n :o c tell into  
^: h&s !y  may fall8 ,! condition ( !   
slave dep5ds on ! "* (  ! ma/]2 & t is  
entirely a matt] ( accid5t04 ,! pi\s    
woman rejo9$1 8,oh1 ,i %\ld take c>e (  
t4 ,if !y 7 good1  fai?ful s]vants1 !y  

w\ld f9d at my dea? t pap]s (           
manumission _h be5 duly prep>$40 8,b y  
told me t fre$om  0 ! greate/ curse t   
c\ld be be/[$ ^u a slave10 repli$  ,i3  
8,n[ is x possible1 madam1 t y w\ld     
leave1 z y\r dy+  legacy to good &      
fai?ful s]vants1 ! greate/ curse y c\ld 
be/[80    ,q4 ,d y suppose !y really    
believe :at !y say1 :5 !y  decl>e t     
slaves are happi] ?an freem58    ,a4 ,i 
leave y\r own republican good s5se to   
det]m9e t  "q4 ,gov]nor ,giles (        
,virg9ia did n take t gr\nd 9 8  address
 to ! ,legislature 9 #ahbg4 ,speak+ (   
puni%+ free blacks  by sell+ !m z       
slaves1 he says3 8,slav]y mu/ be admitt$
 to be  a puni%m5t ( ! highe/ ord]2 &   
accord+ to e j rule  = ! apportionm5t ( 
puni%m5t to crimes1 x w\ld seem t x     
ought to be appli$ only to crime ( !    
highe/ ord]60    ,b ev5 if x 7 true t ! 
slaves 7 z happy & cont5t$  z           
slave-hold]s try to repres5t !m--:at    
w\ld x prove8 ,x w\ld  m]ely prove t !y 
_h fe>fully brutaliz$ immortal s\ls be=e

  !y c\ld be happy 9 su* a situation4   
,edmund ,burke said v  truly1 8,if y h  
made a happy slave1 y h made a degrad$  
man40    ,q4 ,b h[ is x t "s p1 :o      
really d n int5d to  make false         
repres5tations1 br+ back su* favorable  
acc\nts (  slav]y1 aft] !y h visit$ at !
 ,s\?8    ,a4 ,x is because !y g among  
ri*1 hospitable plant]s1 & see  favorite
 h\sehold slaves4 ,( ! poor wret*es on !
 plantations1  subject to ! t5d] m]cies 
( an ov]se]1 !y "k z little1  z ! gue/s 
( a ,russian nobleman "k ( ! mis]able   
condition  ( 8 s]fs4 ,_! sympa?ies all g
 ) ! ma/]4 ,!y ask  que/ions ( ! ma/]1 &
 n ( ! slave4 ,ev5 if !y tri$ to  talk )
 ! latt]1 ! poor creatures w\ld be      
afraid to speak  freely1 le/ any        
expressions ( discont5t might be report$
 to !  ma/]1 or ! ov]se]4 ,i %\ld l to h
 y he> !m talk z  ,i h he>d runaway     
slaves talk1 :5 !y knew !y _h a fri5d to
  li/5 to !m6    ,q4 ,b d y ?9k !       
suitable "t has yet come to ex]t        
ourselves on ?is subject8    ,a4 ,i w   

answ]1 z a simil> "q 0 lately answ]$ by 
a  lady :o _h be5 br\ght up 9 ! mid/ (  
slav]y3 8,if ?\ 7  a slave1 toil+ 9 !   
fields ( ,c>ol9a1 ,i appreh5d ?\ w\ld/  
?9k ! "t _h fully come40 ,?is expla9s ! 
:ole difficulty4  ,we d n put ourselves 
9 ! condition ( ! slave1 & imag9e  :at  
w\ld be our feel+s if we 7 9 8          
circum/ances4 ,we d  n obey ! ,scripture
 injunction1 8rememb] ^? t are 9 bonds1 
z b\nd ) !m40    ,b if we look at ?is "q
 m]ely ) a view to exp$i5cy1  )\t       
ref]5ce to ju/ice or m]cy1 :5 c we hope 
t a "t  w come m propiti\s to !         
discussion ( ?is subject8 ,!  fact is1  
difficulties & dang]s increase e day4 ,9
 ,s\?  ,c>ol9a & ,l\isiana1 ! blacks are
 already a majority4 ,! annual  increase
 ( ! slaves1 )\t includ+ ! free blacks1 
9  ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 is n[ #fb1jjj       
annually4 ,x is a fact wor?y (          
consid]ation1 t ! lic5ti\sness ( ! :ite 
man increases  ! color$ race2 b ! vices 
( color$ m5 or wom5 c nev]  increase !  
:ite race2 = ! *ildr5 ( su* connections 

are (  c\rse n :ite4--,^! p are increas+
 9 ! mid/ ( u 9  />tl+ ratio4 ,if we    
pursue a k9d & ,*ri/ian c\rse1 we c     
id5tify _! int]e/s ) ! re/ ( !          
community1 & make  !m our fri5ds2 b if  
we p]sev]e 9 ! c\rse we h pursu$1  _!   
feel+s & int]e/s mu/ be all 9 opposition
 to ours1 &  !re is great reason to fe> 
! consequ5ces4    ,q4 ,don't y ?9k !    
,colonization ,society is do+ "s good8  
,a4 ,^? :o h exam9$ into ! subject1 h s 
univ]sally  come to ! conclusion t      
,colonization is entirely ineffectual = 
! abolition ( slav]y at any "t1 h[ev]   
remote1 t x seems  h>dly wor? :ile to   
wa/e words on t subject4 ,i d n pret5d  
to impea* ! motives ( b5evol5t          
individuals1 :o h be5  engag$ 9 x2 b !re
 is no d\bt t its practical t5d5cy  is  
to p]petuate slav]y4 ,john ,r&olph1 &   
o!r slave-hold]s1  h advocat$ t         
,society1 ^u ! av[$ gr\nd t by s5d+  (f 
an inconv5i5t surplus x w\ld increase ! 
price ( !  slaves left4 ,9 ! new slave  
,/ates1 :]e !y h n z yet an  8inconv5i5t

 surplus0 ( slaves1 !y don't l !        
,colonization  ,society2 b ! old slave  
,/ates h be5 its w>me/ fri5ds4  ,!re is 
"o brief objection to ! idea ( aboli%+  
slav]y by  ,colonization3 x is          
impossible4 ,ev5 if x 7 desirable to    
remove  ^! valuable labor]s f our soil1 
x c\ld n be done1 if !  :ole ,treasury &
 ,navy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 devot$ to x4 
,!  ,colonization ,society has be5 9    
op]ation ab\t n9ete5 ye>s2 !y  h _h     
imm5se funds2 & !y h transport$ to      
,africa1 dur+  t "t1 ab\t ?ree ?\s&     
color$ p]sons1 ( :i* n "o  ?\s& 7       
manumitt$ slaves4 ,n[ ! annual increase 
( !  slaves alone is #fb1jjj2 & ! annual
 increase ( ! free blacks is  ab\t      
#aj1jjj4 ,9 n9ete5 ye>s !               
,colonizationi/s h n be5  able to c>ry  
(f "o sixtie? "p ( ! increase ( ! slaves
 9  "o ye>6 ,?is is worse ?an ! old /ory
 ( ! frog1 :o jump$  out ( ! well two   
feet e night1 & fell back ?ree feet e   
morn+4 ,b ev5 if ! color$ p c\ld be all 
c>ri$ out  ( ! c\ntry1 :at is ! ,s\? to 

d = labor]s8 ,!y h be5  9 ! habit (     
excus+ !mselves1 by say+ t :ite m5 _c   
"w 9 _! climate1 & by tak+ x = grant$ t 
black m5  w n "w = wages4 ,if ! climate 
is unsuitable = :ite  labor]s1 x is     
manife/ly v impolitic to s5d (f ! black 
ones4 ,x w\ld be f> wis] to try !       
exp]im5t !y h tri$ 9  ,b]muda &         
,antigua4 ,labor is ne$$ 9 all p>ts (   
our c\ntry2  & x is worse ?an a *ildi%  
game to be s5d+ (f %ip-loads (  labor]s 
to ,africa1 :ile we are br++ 9 %ip-loads
 f ,irel&1  ,holl&1 & ,switz]l&4    ,q4 
,i h he>d "s p say !y gave _! money to !
  ,colonization ,society m]ely z a      
mission>y e/abli%m5t4    ,a4 ,x w\ld be 
well = ^? p to exam9e into ! matt]1  &  
fir/ asc]ta9 :e!r x is a mission>y      
e/abli%m5t4 ,:5  we s5d missions to     
,india1 ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 c41 we s5d m5  
believ$ to be pi\s & enlight5$4 ,= !    
probable influ5ce  ( ! emigrants c>ri$  
out by ! ,colonization ,society1 let !  
,society answ] = itself4 ,!y assure u t 
! color$ p]sons  coloniz$ f ! ,unit$    

,/ates w 8c>ry religion & ! arts  into !
 he>t ( ,africa40 ,yet ,mr4 ,clay1 ,vice
 ,presid5t ( !  ,society1 says1 8,( all 
classes ( our population ! mo/ vici\s is
  t ( ! free color$--contam9at$         
!mselves1 !y ext5d _!  vices to all     
ar\nd !m40 ,& ! ,african ,repository1   
:i* is !  organ ( ! ,society1 decl>es t 
8!y are notori\sly ignorant--a  curse & 
a contagion :]ev] !y reside40 ,n[1 are n
 ^!  admirable mission>ies to s5d out to
 *ri/ianize ,africa8 ,x w\ld  be wise to
 put !m "u bett] & m enc\rag+ influ5ces 
at  home1 be=e we attempt to s5d !m to  
enlight5 hea!n l&s4    ,q4 ,"s say t ^! 
p are naturally inf]ior to u2 &  t !    
%ape ( _! skulls proves x4    ,a4 ,if ,i
 believ$ t ! color$ p 7 naturally       
inf]ior to  ! :ites1 ,i %\ld say t 0 an 
additional reason :y we ought  to       
protect1 in/ruct1 & enc\rage !m4 ,no    
consi/5t republican  w say t a          
/rong-m9d$ man has a "r to oppress ^?   
less  gift$ ?an himself4 ,slave-hold]s d
 n seem to ?9k ! negroes  are s /upid z 

n to acquire k1 & make use ( x1 if  !y  
c\ld get a *ance4 ,if !y d ?9k s1 :y d  
_! laws  impose su* heavy p5alties on   
all :o attempt to give !m any           
education8 ,nobody ?9ks x necess>y to   
=bid ! promulgation  ( k among monkeys4 
,if y believe ! color$ race are         
naturally inf]ior1 ,i wi% y w\ld read ! 
hi/ory ( ,t\ssa9t  ,l',ouv]ture1 !      
,wa%+ton ( ,/4 ,dom+o4 ,?\gh p]fectly   
black1  he 0 unque/ionably "o ( !       
greate/ & be/ m5 ( 8 age4  ,i wi% y w\ld
 he> ,mr4 ,williams ( ,new ,york1 & ,mr4
 ,d\glass (  ,philadelphia prea* a few  
times1 be=e y ha/ily decide conc]n+  !  
capacity ( ! color$ race = intellectual 
improvem5t4 ,z =  ! %ape ( _! skulls1 ,i
 %all be well satisfi$ if our ,s\!rn    
bre?r5 w emancipate all ! slaves :o h n 
:at is call$  ! 8,african con=mation40  
,q4 ,:at d y ?9k ab\t prop]ty 9 slaves8 
,a4 ,let me reply to t "q by ask+ o!rs4 
,if y 7  tak5 by an ,alg]9e pirate1 & an
 ,arab b\ght y1 & paid  hone/ly = y1    
%\ld y ev] consid] y\rself ! prop]ty (  

! ,arab8 ,%\ld y ?9k y\r fell[-citiz5s  
ought s to consid]  y8 ,c :at is /ol5 9 
! beg9n+1 be hone/ prop]ty 9 !          
transmission8 ,if y & y\r *ildr5 _h     
toil$ h>d = ye>s1 &  receiv$ only a peck
 ( corn a week = y\r s]vices1 %\ld y n  
?9k t "s comp5sation 0 due to y8    ,q4 
,^! are h>d que/ions2 & ,i f9d x is h>d 
to answ] a good  _m ?+s1 :5 we once get 
into ! habit ( imag9+ h[ we  %\ld ?9k & 
feel if we ourselves 7 ! slaves4 ,b :at 
h  ! ,nor? to d on ?is subject8    ,a4  
,!y _c help hav+ a great deal to d ) x1 
ei!r =  good or = evil4 ,!y are citiz5s 
( ?is republic2 & z su*  _c b feel a    
pa9ful int]e/ 9 a subject :i* makes _!  
belov$ c\ntry an object ( d]ision to !  
civiliz$ _w4 ,if !  slaves %\ld make any
 attempt to ga9 _! fre$om1 we are b\nd  
to g ) an arm$ =ce & rivet _! *a9s4 ,if 
a slave escapes  f 8 ma/] unto u1 we are
 b\nd to deliv] him up to ! la%4  ,! p (
 ,p5nsylvania1 liv+ s ne> ! slave       
,/ates1 h a  great _m ( ^! pa9ful sc5es 
to enc\nt]4 ,a few mon?s ago1 an        

indu/ri\s & pi\s color$ man 9           
,philadelphia 0 torn f 8  home at       
midnight1 & beat5 9 su* a degree t ! sn[
 = "s  di/ance 0 /a9$ ) 8 blood4 ,8 poor
 wife1 :o 0 devot$ly  atta*$ to him1 _h 
an infant ab\t eight or t5 days old2 b  
reg>dless ( h] situation1 %e plung$ into
 ! sn[1 & implor$  m]cy = h] husb&4 ,h] 
%rieks & entreaties 7 ( no avail4  ,!   
citiz5s ( ,philadelphia c\ld n help h]1 
because ! free  ,/ates are b\nd by law  
to give up runaway slaves4 ,! evil might
 be  cur$ by ! extreme *eapness ( labor1
 if ! surplus population  7 n dra9$ (f  
to supply new slave ,/ates4 ,b 9 ord] to
  accommodate slave-hold]s 9 ?is        
respect1 ,l\isiana has be5 b\ght1  &    
,florida b\ght1 by rev5ues pr9cipally   
rais$ 9 ! free  ,/ates2 & n[ !y want to 
pur*ase ,texas likewise = an et]nal     
slave m>ket4 ,e "t a memb] f ! free     
,/ates votes = !  admission ( a slave   
/ate into ! ,union1 he helps to increase
 !  political p[]1 :i* has always be5   
wield$ = ! p]petuation  ( ?is abom9able 

sy/em4 ,x is high "t = ! free ,/ates to 
beg9 to reflect s]i\sly1 :e!r !y ought  
any long] to give  _! money & _! moral  
influ5ce 9 support ( ?is iniquity4      
,q4 ,i did n "k we 7 oblig$ to give up  
runaway slaves to  _! ma/]s4 ,are y sure
 x is s8    ,a4 ,:5 ma/]s br+ _! slaves 
into ! free ,/ates1 or  s5d !m1 ! slaves
 c legally take _! fre$om2 b :5  !      
slaves run away1 we are oblig$ by law to
 give !m up1 let !  circum/ances be :at 
!y may4 ,_m consci5ti\s p pref] to  obey
 ! law ( ,god1 :i* says1 8,?\ %alt n    
deliv] unto 8  ma/] ! s]vant :i* ha?    
escap$ unto !e40    ,q4 ,b w\ld y at    
once give s _m ignorant creatures       
political  p[]1 by mak+ !m vot]s8    ,a4
 ,t w\ld be = ! wisdom ( legislators to 
decide2 &  !y w\ld probably decide t x  
w\ld n be judici\s to inve/  emancipat$ 
slaves ) ! elective fran*ise2 = ?\gh x  
is n  _! fault t !y h be5 kept brutally 
ignorant1 x unfits  !m = vot]s4 ,at !   
pres5t "t1 slaves are repres5t$ 9       
,congress4 ,e five slaves are c\nt$     

equal to ?ree freem52  :i* is j ! same z
 if our f>m]s 7 all[$ to c\nt  e five ( 
_! ox5 z ?ree vot]s4 ,?is sy/em gives ! 
,s\!rn ari/ocracy great political p[]1  
entirely un*eck$ by  democratic         
influ5ce1 :i* comes 9 z a c\nt]poise 9  
,/ates  :]e ! labor+ class are all[$ to 
vote4 ,w4 ,b4 ,seabrook1 (  ,s\?        
,c>ol9a1 has lately publi%$ an ,essay on
 ! managem5t  ( slaves1 9 :i* he says3  
8,an addition ( #a1jjj1jjj to !  private
 =tune ( ,daniel ,web/] w\ld n give to  
,massa*usetts  m weight ?an %e n[       
possesses 9 ! ,f$]al ,c\ncils4 ,on !    
o!r h&1 e increase ( slave prop]ty 9    
,s\? ,c>ol9a1  is a fraction ?r[n into !
 scale by :i* h] repres5tation  9       
,congress is det]m9$40 ,?is c\ntry has  
be5 gov]n$ by a  ,presid5t =ty-eight    
ye>s4 ,dur+ =ty ( ^? ye>s we h be5      
gov]n$ by a slave-hold]6 ,! ,new ,engl& 
c&idates ea* rema9$  9 (fice b f\r ye>s2
 & ! great middle section has nev]  giv5
 a ,presid5t4 ,! ,middle ,/ates are     
politically /rong] ?an  ! ,nor!rn1 & are

 !re=e m likely to act indep5d5tly1  &  
)\t ref]5ce to ,s\!rn support4 ,p]haps  
?is may be !  reason :y ^? ,/ates1 l>ge 
& weal?y z !y are1 h nev]  giv5 a       
,presid5t to _! c\ntry4 ,slave-hold]s   
are ke5-sight$  politicians2 & !y are   
closely knit toge!r by "o common bond ( 
sympa?y on ! subject ( slav]y4 ,x is a  
common rem>k ) !m  t !y nev] w vote =   
any man nor? ( ! ,potomac4    ,q4 ,y "k 
t abolitioni/s are univ]sally accus$ (  
wi%+  to promote ! amalgamation ( color$
 & :ite p4    ,a4 ,?is is a false *>ge1 
got up by ! enemies ( ! cause1  & us$ z 
a bugbe> to increase ! prejudices ( !   
community4  ,by ! hue & cry t is rais$  
on ! subject1 "o w\ld really  suppose t 
9 ?is free c\ntry a c]ta9 set ( m5 _h   
p[] to  compel _! neighbors to m>ry     
contr>y to _! own incl9ation4  ,!       
abolitioni/s h nev]1 by example1 writ+1 
or conv]sation1  endeavor$ to connect   
amalgamation ) ! subject ( abolition4   
,:5 _! enemies insi/ ^u urg+ ?is silly &
 unf\nd$  objection1 !y cont5t !mselves 

) reply+1 8,if !re be a  natural        
antipa?y betwe5 ! races1 ! antipa?y w   
protect  itself4 ,if su* m>riages are   
contr>y to ! ord] ( ,provid5ce1  we     
c]ta9ly may tru/ ,provid5ce to take c>e 
( ! matt]4 ,x is  a poor complim5t to ! 
:ite "y m5 to be s afraid t !  mom5t we 
all[ ! color$ ones to be educat$1 !     
girls w all  be runn+ aft] !m40    ,at a
 t[n meet+ 9 ,new ,hamp%ire1 "o ( !     
citiz5s rose to  say t he did n approve 
( admitt+ color$ lads into !  s*ool4    
8,if y suff] ^! p to be educat$10 said  
he1 8!  fir/ ?+ we %all "k !y w be m>ry+
 our daught]s60  ,aft] "s o!r rem>ks1 he
 conclud$ by say+1 8x is impossible  = !
 color$ & :ite race to live toge!r 9 a  
k9d social  relation--!re is a natural  
antipa?y--!y _c be made to mix  any     
bett] ?an oil & wat]40 ,a pla9 f>m]     
repli$1 8,i ?\ght  y said j n[1 t y 0   
afraid t !y'd m>ry our  d>t]s2 if !y    
won't mix any bett] ?an ile & wat]1 :at 
are y afraid (80 ,any "o :o obs]ves !   
inf9ite v>iety (  %ad+s 9 ! complexions 

( ! color$ p1 w p]ceive  t amalgamation 
has = a long "t be5 c>ri$ on4 ,! only   
ju/ification t ! apologi/ = slav]y c    
give is1 t x is  n sanction$ by m>riage4
 ,accord+ to ,s\!rn laws e *ild  mu/    
foll[ ! condition ( its "m2 t is1 if !  
"m is  a slave1 h] (fspr+ mu/ be s      
likewise4 ,if !y w\ld *ange "o  ^w1 &   
say ! *ild %all foll[ ! condition ( its 
fa!r1  a l>ge proportion ( _! slaves    
w\ld be free at once2 & !  o!rs w\ld    
soon become s1 provid$ no new c>goes 7 9
 ! mean  "t smuggl$ 9 f ,africa4 ,9 ?is 
subject1 ! tru? is briefly  told 9 a    
juv5ile c\plet1 viz4          8,by      
univ]sal emancipation1        ,we want  
to /op amalgamation40    ,q4 ,is !re any
 tru? 9 ! *>ge t y wi% to break d[n all 
di/9ctions ( society1 & introduce !     
negroes into our p>lors8    ,a4 ,!re is 
n ! slighte/ tru? 9 ?is *>ge4 ,p h      
po9t$ to an ignorant %oe-black1 & ask$  
me :e!r ,i w\ld  invite him to visit my 
h\se4 ,i answ]$1 8,no2 ,i w\ld n d s if 
he 7 a :ite man2 & ,i %\ld n be likely  

to d x1 m]ely  because he 0 black40 ,an 
educat$ p]son w n naturally l  to       
associate ) "o :o is grossly ignorant4  
,x may be no m]it  9 "o t he is         
well-in=m$1 & no fault ( ! o!r t he  is 
ignorant2 = ^! ?+s may be ! result (    
circum/ances1  ov] :i* ! individual _h  
no control2 b su* p w n  *oose ea* o!r's
 society m]ely f want ( sympa?y4 ,= ^!  
reasons1 ,i w\ld n select an ignorant   
man1 ( any complexion1 =  my companion2 
b :5 y ask me :e!r t man's *ildr5 %all  
h z fair a *ance z my own1 to obta9 an  
education1 & rise 9  ! _w1 ,i %\ld be   
a%am$ ( myself1 bo? z a ,*ri/ian & a    
republican1 if ,i did n say1 yes1 ) all 
my he>t4    ,q4 ,b d y believe t        
prejudice aga9/ color ev] c be  ov]come8
    ,a4 ,yes1 ,i d2 because ,i h fai? t 
all ?+s w pass away1  :i* are n f\nd$ 9 
reason & ju/ice4 ,9 ,france & ,engl&1   
?is prejudice sc>cely exi/s at all4 ,_! 
noblem5 w\ld nev]  dream ( tak+ (f5ce   
because a color$ g5tleman sat beside !m 
9 a /age-coa*1 or at ! table ( an hotel4

 ,be assur$1 h[ev]1  t ! abolitioni/s h 
n ! slighte/ wi% to =ce y to  give up   
?is prejudice4 ,if1 aft] consci5ti\s    
exam9ation1 y  believe x to be "r1 *]i% 
x2 b d n adh]e to x m]ely  because y\r  
neighbors d4 ,look x 9 ! face--apply !  
gold5  rule--& judge = y\rself4 ,!      
,mahometans really ?9k !y c\ld  n eat at
 ! same table ) a ,*ri/ian1 )\t         
pollution2 b ,i  h no d\bt ! "t w come  
:5 ?is prejudice w be remov$4  ,! old   
feudal nobles ( ,engl& w\ld n h ?\ght x 
possible  t _! desc5dants c\ld live 9 a 
community1 :]e !y &  _! vassals 7 on a  
p]fect civil equality2 yet ! app>5t     
impossibility has come to pass1 )       
advantage to _m1 & injury  to none4 ,:5 
we endeavor to con=m to ! _s ( ! gospel1
  !re is nev] any dang] t x w n lead u  
into ! pa?s (  peace4    ,q4 ,b !y say  
y\r measures are uncon/itutional4    ,a4
 ,is x uncon/itutional to talk1 & write1
 & publi% on any  subject8 p>ticul>ly "o
 9 :i* ! welf>e & "* ( !  c\ntry are s  
deeply involv$8 ,?is is all !           

abolitioni/s h  ev] done2 x is all !y h 
ev] desir$ to d4 ,nobody disputes  t    
,congress has con/itutional p[] to      
aboli% slav]y & !  slave-trade 9 !      
,di/rict ( ,columbia4 ,t ,di/rict       
belongs 9  common to all ! ,/ates1 & ea*
 ( !m has an int]e/ 9 !  slaves !re4 ,! 
public prisons ( t ,di/rict1 built ) !  
money ( ! :ole p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 are 
us$ = !  b5efit ( slave-trad]s1 & !     
groan+ victims ( ?is dete/able  traffic 
are kept conf9$ )9 _! walls4 ,! keep]s (
 ^!  prisons1 paid ) ! money ( ! :ole p1
 act z jail]s  to ^! slave-trad]s1 until
 _! gang ( human brutes c be  complet$4 
,:5 we are act+ z accomplices 9 all ?is1
 h we no  "r to petition = ! abolition (
 slav]y & ! slave trade  !re8 ,i d n see
 h[ any consci5ti\s man c help believ+ x
  to be a solemn duty4    ,q4 ,is !re   
any tru? 9 ! *>ge1 t abolitioni/s h tri$
  to excite insurrections among !       
slaves8    ,a4 ,?is *>ge is de/itute ( !
 slighte/ f\ndation 9  tru?4 ,!         
abolitioni/s h address$ facts & argum5ts

 to !  slave-hold]s only4 ,!y h nev]    
s\ght = any communication  ) ! slaves2 &
 if !y did s1 _! pr9ciples w\ld lead !m 
to tea* pati5ce & submission1 until _!  
deliv]ance c\ld be  accompli%$ by       
peaceful measures4 ,i believe !         
publications by !  ,peace ,society d n  
conta9 s mu* 9 def5ce ( non-resi/ance   
"u injury1 z ! publications ( !         
abolitioni/s4 ,if x %\ld  be discov]$ t 
any memb] ( an ,anti-,slav]y ,society _h
 tri$  to excite disaffection among !   
slaves1 he w\ld be imm$iately  turn$ out
 ( ! ,society1 ) /rong expressions (    
disapprobation4  ,?is false *>ge has be5
 got up at ! ,s\? m]ely to excite       
sympa?y4 ,a little :ile ago a p>agraph  
w5t ! r\nds ( !  newspap]s1 conc]n+ an  
abolitioni/ :o _h be5 ov]he>d  try+ to  
p]suade a negro lad to run away1 & (f]+ 
to =ge  free pap]s = him4 ,x 0 aft]w>ds 
asc]ta9$ t ! man 0  a kidnapp]1 & took  
?is means ( gett+ ! boy into 8 own  p[]1
 = ! sake ( sell+ him4 ,compla9ts are   
made t pictures  ( a man flogg+ slaves  

hav+ be5 on "s ( ! books s5t to !  ,s\?2
 & x is urg$ t negroes c und]/& ^!      
pictures1  if !y d n "k _! lett]s4 ,9 ! 
fir/ place1 ! books are  s5t to ! ma/]s4
 ,9 ! next place 7z has be5 well        
obs]v$71  ! pictures repres5t a ?+ t is 
ei!r true1 or n true4  ,if x is n true1 
! negroes w\ld look at ! picture )\t    
be+ rem9d$ ( any ?+ !y _h ev] se5 or    
kn[n--if told  t x repres5t$ a driv]    
beat+ slaves1 !y w\ld laugh at  su*     
,mun*aus5 /ories ( ?+s t nev] happ5$4   
,on ! o!r  h&1 if ! repres5tation is    
true1 w\ld ! m]e picture ( a  ?+ be m   
likely to excite !m to insurrection ?an 
! ?+  itself8 ,^! /ories ( ef=ts to     
excite viol5ce are m]e spectres  rais$  
on purpose = ! occasion4 ,if y w take   
notice ( !  *>ges br\ght aga9/          
abolitioni/s1 y w f9d t !y are  always  
m]e ass]tions1 unsupport$ by quotations1
 or any species (  evid5ce4 ,:5 ,i h    
read ! resolutions pass$ at public      
meet+s  aga9/ ! abolitioni/s1 ,i h smil$
 at ! f>ce :i* ^? m5  h be5 act+4 ,9    

ne>ly all _! resolutions1 ! abolitioni/s
  c\ld mo/ cordially & consci5ti\sly    
concur4 ,! enemies (  ! cause h 9 sev]al
 cities gravely met toge!r to decl>e  t 
!y d n approve ( attempts to promote    
insurrections4 ,!  abolitioni/s agree ) 
!m entirely4 ,) ! same ridicul\s        
gravity1 !y make kn[n to ! _w t !y d n  
approve ( any  legislative int]f]5ce ) !
 ,s\!rn ,/ates4 ,! abolitioni/s  h nev] 
dream$ ( any su* int]f]5ce4 ,!y m]ely   
wi% to  induce ! ,s\!rn]s to legislate =
 !mselves2 & !y hope  to d ?is by !     
univ]sal dissem9ation ( facts &         
argum5ts1  calculat$ to promote a       
correct public s5tim5t on ! subject (   
slav]y4 ,?is is all !y ev] int5d$ to d2 
& ?is !y w  d1 ?\gh e>? & hell comb9e   
aga9/ _! ef=ts4 ,! m5  engag$ 9 ?is     
cause are n work+ = !mselves1 b =       
,god--&  !re=e !y are /rong4    ,q4 ,b d
 y believe ! ,s\!rn]s ev] c be p]suad$8 
,a4 ,at all ev5ts1 x is our duty to try4
 8,?us sai? ! ,"l ,god1  ,?\ %alt speak 
my words unto !m1 :e!r !y w he>1 or     

:e!r !y w =be>2 nei!r be afraid ( _!    
words1 ?\gh  bri]s & ?orns be ) !e1 & ?\
 do/ dwell among scorpions40  ,if public
 s5tim5t becomes univ]sally re=m$ on ?is
 subject1 x  _c fail to h a p[]ful      
influ5ce4 ,slav]y 0 aboli%$ 9  ! ,briti%
 dom9ions entirely by moral influ5ce4   
,p>liam5t nev]  w\ld h vot$ = ! bill1 ! 
k+ nev] w\ld h sign$ x1  if an enlight5$
 public s5tim5t _h n made ! /ep         
absolutely  necess>y2 & ! public became 
enlight5$ by ! ex]tions (  b5evol5t m51 
:o 7 oblig$ to endure e =m ( obloquy  & 
rage1 be=e ! good "w 0 complet$4 ,!     
slave-hold]s are  p]fectly aw>e t ! same
 causes w produce simil> effects 9  ?is 
c\ntry4 ,"o ( ! ,s\!rn editors has      
lately decl>$ t  :at is mo/ to be fe>$  
is1 t ^! fanatical abolitioni/s  w make 
"s p ( morbid consci5ces believe t      
slav]y  really is wrong1 & t x is _!    
duty to rel9qui% x4  ,ano!r ,s\!rn      
newspap] compla9s t ! wor/ effect ( ?is 
discussion is1 t x is caus+ good m5 to  
reg>d slave-hold]s  ) abhorr5ce4    ,q4 

,b if ! sy/em works s badly 9 e respect1
 :y are  p s unwill+ to give x up8      
,a4 ,human nature is will+ to endure    
mu*1 r ?an rel9qui%  unbridl$           
lic5ti\sness & despotic control4 ,!     
emp]or ( ,russia1  & ! pa*as ( ,egypt   
w\ld be reluctant to abridge _! own     
p[]1 = ! sake ( introduc+ a sy/em ( ?+s 
m conducive  to ! fre$om1 virtue &      
happ9ess ( _! subjects4 ,!y _h  r live 9
 con/ant fe> ( ! poison$ b[l & !        
midnight  dagg]1 ?an to give up !       
pleasant ex]cise ( tyranny1 to :i*  !y h
 s long be5 accu/om$4 ,9 addition to ?is
 feel+1 s  common to our nature1 !re are
 _m consci5ti\s p1 :o are  t]rifi$ at ! 
idea ( emancipation4 ,x has always be5  
pres5t$  to !m 9 ! mo/ frightful colors2
 & bad m5 are det]m9$1 if  possible1 to 
prev5t ! abolitioni/s f prov+ to su*    
m9ds  t ! dang]s ( insurrection all     
belong to slav]y1 & w\ld  cease :5      
slav]y 0 aboli%$4    ,at ! ,nor?1 !     
apologi/s ( slav]y are num]\s & virul5t1
  because _! int]e/s are closely        

int]tw9$ ) ! p]nici\s  sy/em4 ,inquire  
into ! private hi/ory ( _m ( ! m51 :o  h
 call$ meet+s aga9/ ! abolitioni/s--y w 
f9d t  "s manufacture negro clo?s = !   
,s\?--"s h sons :o sell  ^? clo?s--"s h 
daught]s m>ri$ to slave-hold]s--"s h    
plantations & slaves mortgag$ to !m--"s 
h %ips employ$ 9  ,s\!rn comm]ce--& "s  
c&idates = political (fices w\ld b[     
until _! back-bones 7 brok51 to obta9 or
 pres]ve ,s\!rn  influ5ce4 ,! ,s\!rn]s  
und]/& all ?is p]fectly well1 &  despise
 our s]vility1 ev5 :ile !y condesc5d to 
make use ( x4    ,"o great reason :y ! p
 ( ?is c\ntry h n ?\ght  & felt "r on   
?is subject1 is t all our books1        
newspap]s1  almanacs & p]iodicals1 h    
comb9$ to repres5t ! color$ race  z an  
inf]ior & degrad$ class1 :o nev] c\ld be
 made good &  useful citiz5s4 ,ridicule 
& reproa* h be5 abundantly heap$  ^u !m2
 b _! virtues & _! suff]+s h f\nd few   
hi/orians4 ,! ,s\? has be5 well satisfi$
 ) su* a public  s5tim5t4 ,x s5ds back  
no e*o to di/urb _! consci5ces1 &  x    

effectually rivets ! *a9 on ! necks ( _!
 vassals4 ,9  ?is dep>tm5t ( s]vice1 !  
,colonization ,society has be5 a mo/    
active & zeal\s ag5t4    ,q4 ,b "s p say
 t all ! mobs1 & o!r viol5t  proce$+s1  
are to be attribut$ to ! abolitioni/s4  
,a4 ,!y might z well *>ge ! same ^u ,/4 
,paul1 :5 8  fe>less prea*+ ( ! gospel  
br\ght him into su* imm95t  p]il1 t 8   
fri5ds 7 oblig$ to 8let him d[n ov] !   
wall  9 a basket10 to save 8 life4 ,z   
well might ,/4 ,/eph5 h be5  blam$ = !  
mob t /on$ him to dea?4 ,) ! same ju/ice
  might ,william ,p5n h be5 call$ !     
cause ( all ! viol5t  p]secutions aga9/ 
! ,quak]s4 ,:5 pr9ciples ( tru? are s5t 
out 9 ! mid/ ( a p]v]se g5]ation1 !y    
always come 8n to  br+ peace1 b a       
sword40 ,! abolitioni/s h (f]$ viol5ce  
to no man--!y h nev] attempt$ to /op !  
discussions ( _!  oppon5ts2 b h1 on !   
contr>y1 ex]t$ !mselves to obta9 a  c&id
 exam9ation ( ! subject on all sides4   
,!y m]ely claim !  privilege ( deliv]+  
peaceful addresses at ord]ly meet+s1 &  

( publi%+ :at !y believe to be facts1 ) 
an hone/ desire to  h !m te/$ by !      
/ricte/ ordeal ( tru?4    ,q4 ,b d y ?9k
 a =eign] ought to be all[$ to lecture  
on  ?is subject8    ,a4 ,we h "s hundr$ 
mission>ies abroad lectur+ o!r          
nations--prea*+ aga9/ sy/ems mo/ closely
 entw9$ ) !  gov]nm5t & prejudices ( !  
p4 ,if good & consci5ti\s  m5 leave     
ease1 honor1 & popul>ity beh9d !m1 to   
come "h1 &  labor among ! poor & !      
despis$1 m]ely f zeal 9 a good  cause1  
%all we refuse to he> :at !y h to say8  
,if we insult1  mob1 & /one !m1 h[ c\ld 
we consi/5tly blame ! ,h9doos &  ,s&wi* 
,isl&]s = abus+ our mission>ies8 ,we s5t
 out ag5ts  to ,engl&1 to give h] !     
b5efit ( our exp]i5ce on ! subject  (   
temp]ance2 ought we n to be will+ to    
receive ! b5efit (  h] exp]i5ce on !    
subject ( slav]y8 ,let u c&idly he> :at 
^! m5 h to say4 ,if x be contr>y to     
reason & tru?1 reject  x2 if x be !     
tru?1 let u pond] x 9 our he>ts4    ,q4 
,b ev]ybody says ! discussion ( slav]y w

 lead to !  dissolution ( ! ,union4     
,a4 ,!re mu/ be some?+ wrong 9 ! ,union1
 if ! c&id  discussion ( any subject c  
dissolve x2 & = ! tru? (  ?is rem>k1 ,i 
appeal to y\r own good s5se4 ,if ! ,s\? 
%\ld  be injudici\s en\gh to )draw f !  
,union = ! sake (  pres]v+ a moral      
pe/il5ce 9 h] bord]s1 x is v c]ta9 t    
slav]y _c long cont9ue aft] t ev5t4     
,none ( ! fronti]  ,/ates c\ld long keep
 _! slaves1 if we 7 n oblig$ by law  to 
deliv] up runaways2 nor c\ld !y any     
long] rely ^u !  free ,/ates1 9 cases ( 
em]g5cy1 to support slav]y by =ce (     
arms4 ,! union ( ^! ,/ates has be5      
cont9ually di/urb$ &  embitt]$ by !     
exi/5ce ( slav]y2 & ! abolitioni/s w\ld 
fa9 conv9ce ! :ole c\ntry t x is be/ to 
ca/ away ?is  apple ( discord4 ,_!      
atta*m5t to ! ,union is s /rong1 t  !y  
w\ld make any sacrifice ( self-int]e/ to
 pres]ve x2 b  !y nev] w cons5t to      
sacrifice honor & pr9ciple4 8,duties are
  ours2 ev5ts are ,god's60              
,,transcrib]',s ,,note      ,obvi\s     

typographical errors & punctuation      
errors h be5    correct$ aft] c>eful    
comp>ison ) o!r occurr5ces )9    ! text 
& consultation ( ext]nal s\rces4        
,"s hyph5s 9 words h be5 sil5tly remov$1
 "s add$1    :5 a pr$om9ant pref]5ce 0  
f\nd 9 ! orig9al book4      ,except = ^?
 *anges not$ bel[1 all misspell+s 9 !   
text1    & inconsi/5t or ar*aic usage1 h
 be5 reta9$4      ,pg #ac3 #8cut (f ! ! 
heads' replac$ by #8cut (f ! heads'4    
,pg #ae3 #8,?s wife1 or !' replac$ by   
#8,! wife1 or !'4    ,pg #af3           
#8amagamation has be5' replac$ by       
#8amalgamation has be5'4    ,pg #cf3 #8n
 n to br+ peace' replac$ by #8n to br+  
peace'4