,,! ,,song ,,( ,,songs3 ,translat$ f ! ,orig9al ,hebrew1 ,,) ,a ,,comm5t>y1 ,,hi/orical ,,& ,,critical4 ,,by ,,*ri/ian ,d4 ,,g9sburg4 3--,prov4 xxxi4 #cj4 ,,london3 ,,longman1 ,,br[n1 ,,gre51 ,,longmans1 ,,& ,,rob]ts4 #aheg4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,preface vii4 ,introduction3 ,section ,i4--,title ( ! ,book1 & its ,signification #a ,section ,,ii4--,canonicity ( ! ,book #b ,section ,,iii4--,design & ,me?od ( ! ,book #d ,section ,,iv4--,importance ( ! ,book #ab ,section ,v4--,hi/orical ,sket* ( ! ,exegesis ( ! ,book #bj ,section ,,vi4--,! diff]5t ,views classifi$ & exam9$ #ajb ,section ,,vii4--,au?or1 ,date1 & ,=m ( ! ,book #abd ,section ,,viii4--,exegetical ,helps #abf ,comm5t>y #abg ,,preface4 ,! foll[+ is an exposition ( ! fir/ ( ! five books call$ ,megilo?1 all ( :i*1 hav+ engag$ ! att5tion ( ! ,au?or = sev]al ye>s1 w n[1 ,god will+1 be br\ght be=e ! ,public 9 regul> succession4 ,! ,au?or's aim has be5 to inve/igate & elucidate ! true mean+ ( ! orig9al1 9 accordance ) ! e/abli%$ laws ( hi/orico-grammatical exegesis1 & to %[ t1 9 its lit]al s5se1 ! ,song ( ,songs tea*es a great moral lesson1 wor?y ( ,div9e inspiration4 ,! resemblance1 h[ev]1 betwe5 ! n>rative "h record$ & ! exp]i5ce ( ! p ( ,god is /rik+ & apposite4 ,! ,%ulamite1 esp\s$ to h] %eph]d1 is tempt$ by a mighty pot5tate ) ri*es & pleasures to transf] h] affections2 b1 /r5g!n$ by ! p[] ( div9e love1 %e resi/s all temptation1 rema9s fai?ful to h] belov$1 & is ultimately rew>d$4 ,! p ( ,god1 esp\s$ to 8! ,%eph]d & ,bi%op ( _! s\ls10 are tempt$ by ! pr9ce ( ?is _w to =sake _! ,"l1 b1 /r5g!n$ by grace div9e1 !y resi/ all allurem5ts1 & ev5tually receive ! cr[n ( glory4 ,! ref]5ces to ,g5esius' & ,ewald's ,gramm>s are to ! la/ editions1 :i* diff] 9 ! numb]+ ( ! sections f ! e>li] ones2 ,fr/'s valuable ,lexicon1 to :i* frequ5t ref]5ce is made1 is n yet complet$4 ,! au?or t5d]s 8 he>ty ?anks to 8 e/eem$ fri5d1 ! ,rev4 ,isaac ,salk9son ( ,hamburg2 to ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,*>lton1 ,a4,m42 ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,rob9son1 ( ,york-road2 ! ,rev4 ,g4 ,rog]s1 ( ,albany-road2 & to ,na?aniel ,bridges1 ,esq41 ,a4,m41 = p]us+ ! ,,ms4 & pro(s1 & = k9d sugge/ions4 ,?anks are also due to ^? g5tlem5 9 ,london & ,ox=d1 :o h facilitat$ ! au?or's access to ,,mss4 & o!r r>e works 9 ! ,briti% ,museum & ! ,bodleian ,libr>y4 ,may ! ,div9e ,_s1 ^: words ! ,au?or has attempt$ to elucidate1 r5d] ! attempt pr(itable to ! read]s6 ,london3 #af1 ,b>kham ,t]race1 ,/4 ,george's1 ,may1 #aheg4 ,,introduction4 ,,section ,i4--,,title ,,( ,,! ,,book1 ,,& ,,its ,,signification4 ,?is book is call$ 1 :i* is lit]ally translat$ by ! ,septuag9t1 1 by ! ,vulgate1 ,canticum ,canticorum1 & by ! ,engli% ,v]sion1 ,song ( ,songs2 &1 accord+ to a ,hebrew mode = express+ ! sup]lative degree by repeat+ ! same n\n 9 ! g5itive1 d5otes ! f9e/1 ! mo/ beautiful1 or ! mo/ excell5t ,song4 ,comp>e 1 s]vant ( s]vants1 i4e4 mo/ abject s]vant 7,g54 ix4 #be72 1 holy ( holies1 i4e4 mo/ holy 7,exod4 xxix4 #cg2 ,numb4 iii4 #cb2 ,deut4 x4 #ad2 ,eccl4 i4 #b2 ,hos4 x4 #ae2 ,j]4 vi4 #bh2 ,ges5ius1 ,gramm>1 #aai1 #b2 ,ewald1 ,lehrbu*1 #cac1 c74 ,m$ra% ,yalkut r5d]s x 1 a song m celebrat$ & sublime ?an all songs2 z ,ra%i1 ,ibn ,ezra ,ra%bam1 ,lu!r1 & _m o!rs4 ,! op9ion ( ,kleuk]1 c41 t ?is int]pretation ( ! ,rabb9s is m ow+ to _! preconceiv$ notion ( ! sublime cont5ts ( ! book ?an to ! real mean+ ( ^! words1 is refut$ by ,ra%bam himself1 :o1 hav+ expla9$ ?is phrase by 8mo/ excell5t song10 ref]s n to ! cont5ts ( ! book = its corroboration1 b adduces simil> con/ructions ( ! sup]lative f o!r passages ( ! ,bible1 viz41 1 & 7,deut4 x4 #ag74 ,o!r explanations1 su* z a song ( songs1 i4e4 a song f ! songs ( ,solomon 7,kim*i71 or a collection ( songs 7,kleuk]71 or a *a9 ( songs1 or /r+ ( /r+s1 comp>+ ) ! ,*aldee 1 1 ,greek 1 *a9 7,vel?us51 ,paulus1 ,good1 c471 are contr>y to ! ,hebrew usage ( ! ^w 1 & ! con/ruction ( 4 ,m rec5t comm5tators1 & ev5 ^? :o reg>d ?is book z a collection ( sep>ate songs 7z1 = in/ance1 ,dpke1 ,magnus1 ,noyes1 c47 admit t ! ,rabb9ical int]pretation ( ?is title is ! only admissible "o4 ,! prefix$ to 1 is ! s-call$ ,lam$ auctoris1 us$ 9 ! inscriptions ( ,psalms & o!r ,hebrew poems to designate ! au?or4 ,comp4 ,ps4 iii4 #a2 iv4 #a1 c4 ,! addition ( "h1 :i* is n f\nd 9 ! o!r inscriptions1 is ow+ to ! article 9 1 :i* g5]ally1 ?\gh n always1 is foll[$ by ?is pron\n2 comp4 ,g54 xxix4 #i2 xl4 #e2 xlvii4 #d2 #a ,k+s iv4 #b2 ,ges54 #aae1 #a2 ,ewald1 #bib a4 ,! r5d]+ !re=e ( by respect+ ,solomon1 is contr>y to usage1 & is rightly reject$ by mod]n gramm>ians & lexicograph]s4 ,?is ,song is ! fir/ ( ! 7 7 five ,megilo?1 or books :i* are annually read 9 ! ,synagogues2 viz4 ,! ,song ( ,songs on ! ,fea/ ( ! ,passov]2 ,ru? on ,p5teco/2 ,lam5tations on ! ,n9? ( ,ab2 ,ecclesia/es on ,tab]nacles2 & ,e/h] on ,purim4 ,! pres5t arrangem5t ( ^! five books 9 ! ,hebrew canon is accord+ to ! ord] ( ! fe/ivals on :i* !y are read4 ,,section ,,ii4--,,canonicity ,,( ,,! ,,book4 ,?is book possesses all ! ext]nal m>ks :i* entitle o!r writ+s to a place 9 ! li/ ( ! sacr$ books4 ,! evid5ce = its canonicity is z conclusive z t :i* is commonly adduc$ to prove ! canonicity ( any o!r portion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,9 ! ,mi%na ,yadim 7sect4 iii4 #e71 we f9d ! foll[+ te/imony respect+ x f ,r4 ,akiba1 "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ,rabb9s1 :o liv$ at ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury1 & 0 presid5t ( ! academy ( ,bani-,brac3 ,no ,israelite has ev] disput$ ! canonicity ( ! ,song ( ,songs4 ,no day 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( ! _w is ( s mu* wor? z ! "o 9 :i* ! ,song ( ,songs 0 giv5 to ,israel2 = all ! ,scriptures are holy1 b ! ,song ( ,songs is mo/ holy4 ,ano!r ,rabbi 7,simeon b4 ,azzai71 9 ! same place1 says1 ,i receiv$ x f ! m\? ( ! sev5ty-two eld]s1 at ! "t :5 ,r4 ,eliez] b4 ,azz>ia 0 appo9t$ ,eld]1 t ! ,song ( ,songs & ,ecclesia/es are canonical4 #a ,we h "h positive evid5ce t ?is book exi/$ 9 ! canon 9 ! ,apo/olic age2 & t x 0 compris$ 9 ! sacr$ books1 :i* our ,"l calls 1 ! ,scriptures1 ,matt4 xxii4 #bi4 ,x has1 !re=e1 be5 transmitt$ to u bo? by ! ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian *ur*es z canonical4 ,x 0 translat$ into ,greek1 betwe5 ! ye>s #ij & #acj1 by ,aquila1 :o 0 anxi\s to furni% 8 ,jewi% bre?r5 ) a fai?ful v]sion ( ! sacr$ books2 & also by ,symma*us & ,!odotion1 be=e ! end ( ! second c5tury4 ,x is conta9$ 9 ! catalogue giv5 9 ! ,talmud2 #b & 9 ! catalogue ( ,melito1 ,bi%op ( ,s>dis 7fl4 #agj1 ,a4,d471 :i* he br\ght f ,pale/9e1 :i!r ?is le>n$ & pi\s prelate expressly travell$ to obta9 in=mation respect+ ! numb] ( ! sacr$ books4 #c ,^? :o 9 mod]n days h que/ion$ ! canonicity ( ?is book h done s1 n f ext]nal evid5ce1 b f misappreh5sion ( its design4 ,,section ,,iii4--,,design ,,& ,,me?od ,,( ,,! ,,book4 ,we h no sympa?y ) ^? :o affirm t ! ,old ,te/am5t ,scriptures conta9 all ! national writ+s :i* 7 e/eem$ valuable 9 ,hebrew lit]ature1 t ?is ,song 0 plac$ among ^? writ+s simply because x possess$ mu* poetic beauty1 & 0 suppos$ to be ! composition ( a p]son s celebrat$ ?r\gh\t ! ,ea/ z ,solomon1 & t x is de/itute ( any moral or practical in/ructions4 ,we believe t e book ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is inspir$2 & has1 on t acc\nt1 obta9$ a place 9 ! ,hebrew ,canon4 ,?is is ! unanim\s te/imony1 n ( ! ,jewi% *ur* only1 b is corroborat$ by ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les4 ,paul1 ref]r+ to ! ,old ,te/am5t1 mo/ di/9ctly affirms1 t 8all ,scripture is giv5 by inspiration ( ,god2 & is pr(itable = doctr9e1 = repro(1 = correction1 = in/ruction 9 righte\sness40 #b ,tim4 iii4 #af4 #d ,z ?is ,song und\bt$ly =m$ a "p ( ! ,scriptures to :i* ! apo/le allud$1 x mu/1 !re=e1 be inspir$1 & mu/ s]ve "s ( ^? purposes ( inspiration4 ,! p>ticul> design ( ?is book has be5 mu* disput$4 ,x is "h ma9ta9$1 t1 ^u c>eful exam9ation1 x w be f\nd to record an example ( virtue 9 a "y woman :o enc\nt]$ & conqu]$ ! greate/ temptations1 & 01 ev5tually1 rew>d$2 ! simple n>rative ( :i*1 dive/$ ( its poetic =m1 is z foll[s4 ,!re 0 a family liv+ at ,%ulem1 consi/+ ( a wid[$ "m1 sev]al sons1 & "o daught]1 :o ma9ta9$ !mselves by f>m+ & pa/urage4 ,! bro!rs 7 p>ticul>ly p>tial to _! si/]1 & took h] "u _! special c>e1 promis+ t h] prud5ce & virtue %\ld be greatly rew>d$ by !m4 ,9 ! c\rse ( "t1 :ile t5d+ ! flock1 &1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! %eph]ds1 resort+ at noon b5ea? a tree = %elt] aga9/ ! m]idian sun1 %e met ) a graceful %eph]d y\?1 to :om %e aft]w>ds became esp\s$4 ,"o morn+1 9 ! spr+1 ?is y\? invit$ h] to accompany him into ! field2 b ! bro!rs1 ov]he>+ ! invitation1 & anxi\s = ! reputation ( _! si/]1 9 ord] to prev5t _! meet+1 s5t h] to take c>e ( ! v9ey>ds4 ,! damsel1 h[ev]1 consol$ h] belov$ & h]self ) ! assurance t1 ?\gh sep>at$ bodily1 indissoluble ties subsi/$ betwe5 !m1 ov] :i* h] bro!rs _h no control4 ,%e reque/$ him to meet h] 9 ! ev5+1 & z he did n come1 %e fe>$ t "s accid5t _h befall5 him on ! way1 & w5t 9 se>* ( him1 & f\nd him4 ,! ev5+ n[ 0 ! only "t 9 :i* !y c\ld enjoy ea* o!r's company1 z1 dur+ ! day1 ! damsel 0 occupi$ 9 ! v9ey>ds4 ,on "o occasion1 :5 ent]+ a g>d51 %e accid5tally came 9 ! pres5ce ( ,k+ ,solomon1 :o happ5$ to be on a summ] visit to t neighb\rhood4 ,/ruck ) ! beauty ( ! damsel1 ! ,k+ conduct$ h] into 8 royal t5t1 & !re1 assi/$ by 8 c\rt-ladies1 endeav\r$ ) allur+ flatt]ies & promises1 to ga9 h] affections2 b )\t effect4 ,releas$ f ! ,k+'s pres5ce1 ! damsel soon s\ght an int]view ) h] belov$ %eph]d4 ,! ,k+1 h[ev]1 took h] ) him to 8 capital 9 great pomp1 9 ! hope ( dazzl+ h] ) 8 spl5d\r2 b nei!r did ?is prevail3 = :ile ev5 !re1 %e told h] belov$ %eph]d1 :o _h foll[$ h] into ! capital1 & obta9$ an int]view ) h]1 t %e 0 anxi\s to quit ! gaudy sc5e = h] own home4 ,! %eph]d1 on he>+ ?is1 prais$ h] con/ancy1 & su* a manife/ation ( _! mutual atta*m5t took place1 t sev]al ( ! c\rt-ladies 7 greatly affect$ by x4 ,! ,k+1 /ill det]m9$1 if possible1 to w9 h] affections1 wat*$ = ano!r fav\rable opportunity1 & ) flatt]ies & allurem5ts1 surpass+ all t he _h us$ be=e1 tri$ to obta9 8 purpose4 ,he promis$ to elevate h] to ! highe/ rank1 & to raise h] above all 8 concub9es & que5s1 if %e w\ld comply ) 8 wi%es2 b1 fai?ful to h] esp\sals1 %e refus$ all 8 ov]tures1 on ! plea t h] affections 7 pl$g$ to ano!r4 ,! ,k+1 conv9c$ at la/ t he c\ld n possibly prevail1 0 oblig$ to dismiss h]2 & ! %eph]dess1 9 company ) h] belov$ %eph]d1 return$ to h] native place4 ,on _! way home1 !y visit$ ! tree "u :i* !y _h fir/ met1 & !re r5ew$ _! v[s ( fidelity to ea* o!r4 ,on h] arrival 9 safety at h] home1 h] bro!rs1 accord+ to _! promise1 rew>d$ h] greatly = h] virtu\s conduct4 ,! plot1 if su* x may be call$1 gradually develops itself1 l mo/ poetic n>ratives ( a simil> k9d4 ,v>i\s speak]s are introduc$ 9 ! poem1 z ! ,%ulamite %eph]dess1 ! %eph]d1 ! ,k+1 ! c\rt-ladies1 ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 ! bro!rs ( ! ,%ulamite1 & ! companions ( ! %eph]d1 all ( :om are repres5t$ z speak+ m or less1 b )\t any su* di/9ctions z we f9d 9 ,job1 z 8,aft] ?is ,job op5$ 8 m\? & curs$ 8 day--,!n ,eliphaz ! ,temanite answ]$ & said--,!n answ]$ ,bildad ! ,%uhite & said--c410 & )\t sep>ate names1 or initial lett]s ( names to indicate ! speak]s1 :i* r5d]s x difficult to ga!r ! hi/ory x conta9s2 & especially z "s ( ! /atem5ts appe> at fir/ sight to h little or no logical sequ5ce4 ,! ,song ( ,songs diff]s mat]ially 9 ?is respect f all ! o!r books ( ,scripture2 b n1 z is well kn[n1 f ! poems ( pr(ane writ]s4 ,not)/&+ ! a=em5tion$ difficulty1 an att5tive read] ( ! orig9al w f9d ne>ly z mu* help f ! ma/]ly /ructure ( ?is ,song1 z c be obta9$ f ! divisions & initial lett]s 9 mod]n dramas1 by :i* ! diff]5t speak]s are di/+ui%$1 & ! v>i\s /atem5ts are connect$ 9 a regul> n>rative4 ,! recurr5ce1 = in/ance1 ( ! same =mula ( adjuration ?ree times 7ii4 #g2 iii4 #e2 viii4 #d71 & ! use ( ano!r clos+ s5t5ce 7v4 #a71 divide ! ,song into five sections4 ,! h]o9e ( ! book1 :5 speak+ ) h] belov$ or ) ! k+1 is easily di/+ui%$ by ! fem99e g5d] ( ! v]b1 or ( ! adjective or ! n\n2 z1 i4 #e1 8,i am sw>?y b comely10 :]e bo? adjectives1 sw>?y 77 & comely 771 are fem99e 9 ! orig9al1 & pla9ly indicate ! speak]4 ,! belov$ %eph]d1 :5 he speaks1 or is spok5 to1 or is spok5 (1 is recognis$ by ! pa/oral language 7i4 #c1 #d1 #g2 ii4 #ab2 iii4 #d1 c472 ! ,k+ is di/+ui%$ by express allusions to 8 position 7i4 #i-aa2 vi4 #d-vii4 #aj72 ! c\rt-ladies1 :5 speak+ to ! ,%ulamite1 are recognis$ by ! phrase1 8faire/ ( wom50 7i4 #h2 v4 #i2 vi4 #a71 & :5 spok5 to by 8daught]s ( ,j]usalem0 7i4 #e2 ii4 #g2 iii4 #e1 #aj2 v4 #h2 viii4 #d72 ! bro!rs ( ! ,%ulamite are introduc$ z speak+ 9 ii4 #ae1 comp>$ ) i4 #f & viii4 #h1 #i2 ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 9 iii4 #f-aa1 & ! companions ( ! %eph]d1 9 viii4 #e1 are suffici5tly indicat$ by ! context4 ,on a c>eful exam9ation ( ! /atem5ts ( ! v>i\s speak]s 9 ^! five sections1 x w be f\nd t ! n>rative1 ?\gh n record$ 9 ! ord] we h /at$1 may be easily d$uc$ f x4 ,9 ! ,,fir/ section--*4 i4 #b1 #g--! h]o9e ( ! ,song1 :o1 z is evid5t f v]se #h & vii4 #a1 is a ,%ulamite %eph]dess1 ard5tly wi%es = ! pres5ce & love-tok5s ( h] belov$1 :o1 z %e h]self mo/ di/9ctly tells u 7v]4 #g1 & ii4 #af2 vi4 #c71 is a %eph]d2 %e wi%es him to take h] away f ! royal ap>tm5ts into :i* ! ,k+ _h br\ght h]1 = %e loves him above all ?+s 7v]ses #b1 #c1 #d72 ^! ap>tm5ts 7or royal t5t71 z we le>n f iii4 #f-aa1 7 out ( ,j]usalem1 & 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,%ulamite's home1 :]e ! ,k+ tempor>ily resid$1 & :]e he met ) ! damsel 7vi4 #aa1 #ab74 ,9 reply to ! disda9ful looks ( ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 9 ^: pres5ce %e _h express$ h] desire = ! %eph]d1 & :o _h contra/$ _! fair & delicate c\nt5ances ) h] own1 %e insi/s t h] sw>?y complexion ne$ n r5d] h] contemptible1 = x 0 n natural1 b _h aris5 f ! duties :i* h] bro!rs _h unju/ly requir$ ( h] 7v4 #f72 %e !n resumes ! address to h] belov$1 ask+ him1 z if he 7 pres5t1 to tell h] :]e he t5ds 8 flock 7#g74 ,! daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 :o1 z we see f vi4 #i1 are ! c\rt-ladies1 compris+ ! maid5s1 concub9es1 & que5s1 ironically answ] ?is "q 7#h74 ,! wat*ful ,k+1 hav+ he>d t %e wi%$ = h] belov$1 imm$iately comes =w>d1 &1 ) flatt]ies & promises1 tries to w9 h] affections 7#i1 #aj1 #aa72 b )\t effect2 = z soon z ! ,k+ retires %e %[s h] unabat$ atta*m5t to h] %eph]d 7#ab2 ii4 #f71 & concludes by adjur+ ! c\rt-ladies n to p]suade h] to transf] h] affections to ano!r 7#g74 ,! ,,second section--*4 ii4 #h2 iii4 #e--?\gh app>5tly disconnect$ f ! fir/1 is f\nd1 ^u inve/igation1 to be a prop] & natural sequ5ce4 ,! ,%ulamite1 9 rebutt+ ! contempt ( ! c\rt-ladies1 _h reflect$ ) "s sev]ity ^u h] bro!rs = s5d+ h] to keep ! v9ey>ds2 b ?is _h be5 done m]ely to acc\nt = ! d>kness ( h] complexion2 & hav+ be5 int]rupt$ 9 h] w>m address to h] belov$1 :i* %e ha/5$ to resume1 %e 0 oblig$ to be satisfi$ ) ?is pass+ allusion to t ev5t4 ,x 0 natural1 !re=e1 to expect t1 at ! fir/ opportunity1 %e w\ld /ate m circum/antially h[ h] bro!rs came to be sev]e ) h]1 & :y !y _h made h] a keep] ( ! v9ey>ds1 :i* %e proce$s to d 9 ?is section4 ,%e tells ! c\rt-ladies t h] bro!rs 7 displeas$ ) h] because !y _h ov]he>d ! %eph]d invit+ h] to accompany him into ! fields to enjoy toge!r ! *>ms ( nature 7#h-ad71 on acc\nt ( :i*1 9 _! anxiety = h] reputation1 !y *ang$ h] employm5t1 told h] to be a 8keep] ( ! v9ey>ds10 9 ord] to sep>ate h] f h] belov$ 7#ae74 ,%e1 moreov]1 relates t !y consol$ !mselves ) ! assurance t1 ?\gh sep>at$ bodily1 indissoluble ties subsi/$ betwe5 !m1 ov] :i* h] bro!rs _h no control 7#af72 t %e invit$ him to come aga9 9 ! ev5+1 :5 unobs]v$ 7#ag72 & t1 see+ he did n come1 %e w5t 9 se>* ( him1 c4 7*4 iii4 #a-d74 ,hav+ ?us ev9c$ h] deep atta*m5t = ! %eph]d1 %e aga9 concludes by adjur+ ! c\rt-ladies n to p]suade h] to transf] h] affections to ano!r 7#e74 ,?is section1 !re=e1 foll[s ! prec$+ "o1 to set =? ! cause ( ! bro!r's sev]ity 9 hav+ made h] a 8keep] ( ! v9ey>ds10 & ?us gives a fur!r insight into h] previ\s hi/ory4 ,! ,,?ird section 7*4 iii4 #f1 v4 i47 relates ! second unsuccessful ef=t ( ,solomon to ga9 ! ,%ulamite's affections4 ,! ,k+1 det]m9$ to ga9 8 purpose1 takes ! damsel1 ) great pomp1 into ! capital 7*4 iii4 #f-aa71 9 ! hope ( dazzl+ h] ) 8 great spl5d\r2 b he is aga9 disappo9t$4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! impos+ magnific5ce1 ! damsel tells h] belov$ %eph]d1 :o has foll[$ h] ?i!r1 & obta9$ an int]view ) h]1 & express$ 8 delight at see+ h] aga9 7*4 iv4 #a-e71 t %e is anxi\s to quit ! palace = h] rural home 7#f74 ,h] belov$1 on he>+ ?is1 (f]s 8 assi/ance to effect an escape 7#g1 #h71 & praises h] con/ancy & *>ms 7#i-af72 :]eupon !y bo? manife/ _! mutual atta*m5t 9 s affect+ a mann] t ev5 "s ( ! c\rt-ladies are mov$ 7*4 iv4 #af1 v4 #a71 ) ^: expression ( sympa?y ! section concludes4 ,! be>+ :i* ?is section has ^u ! :ole plan is1 9 ! fir/ place1 to develop ! progress ( ! hi/ory itself1 inasmu* z x records ! conveyance ( ! ,%ulamite f h] rural home into ! royal capital2 &1 9 ! second place1 to relate h] fai?fulness 9 resi/+ ano!r temptation1 9 :i* ! gr&eur ( ! procession :i* elicit$ s mu* admiration f ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 & ! spl5d\r ( ! c\rt1 :i* dazzl$ ! eyes & f$ ! vanity ( s _m ( its inmates1 _h f> less *>ms = h] ?an ! pres5ce ( h] %eph]d 9 a humble home4 ,! ,,f\r? section 7*4 v4 #b-viii4 #d7 records ! la/ & greate/ trial :i* ! ,%ulamite _h to enc\nt]1 & :i* %e also ov]came4 ,x comm5ces ) a dream :i* %e _h rec5tly _h1 & :i* %e relates 7*4 v4 #b-h7 to ! c\rt-ladies ^: sympa?y ) h] has be5 %[n at ! close ( ! prec$+ section4 ,! n>ration ( ?is dream gives ! damsel an opportunity ( describ+ ! p]sonal appe>ance ( h] belov$ 7#aj-af71 & ?us we are gradually l$ on to h] *ief trial & success4 ,! c\rt-ladies1 hav+ li/5$ to ?is *>m+ description1 inquire :i!r h] belov$ is gone1 & (f] _! assi/ance to seek him 7*4 vi4 #a72 b %e1 suspect+ ! motive1 gives !m an evasive answ] 7#b1 #c74 ,! ,k+1 ev] wat*ful = a fav\rable opportunity to %[ 8 atta*m5t to h]1 z soon z he he>s ( ! inquiry aft] ! damsel's belov$1 comes =w>d ) mo/ allur+ flatt]ies & promises4 ,he beg9s ) prais+ h] beauty 7#d-g71 & !n promises to raise h] to ! highe/ rank ( all 8 num]\s ret9ue ( wom5 7#h1 #i71 :o !mselves are con/ra9$ to extol h] beauty 7#aj74 ,b ! damsel1 hav+ expla9$ h[ %e came to be se5 by ^? c\rt-ladies1 spurns all ^? praises & promises1 & goes away 7#aa1 #ab72 ! ,k+ calls h] back 7*4 vii4 #a71 &1 hav+ aga9 describ$ h] beauty & attractions 7#b-h71 wi%es t he might enjoy ! fav\rs ( s *>m+ a p]son 7#i1 #aj72 b %e refuses ! ,k+'s ov]tures1 on ! plea t h] affections are engag$1 & t x is h] duty to be fai?ful to h] belov$ 7#aa72 !n1 address+ h]self to h] belov$1 %e asks him to g ) h] f ! palace to _! rural home 7#ab1 *4 viii4 #c72 & concludes ) aga9 adjur+ ! c\rt-ladies n to p]suade h] to transf] h] affections to ano!r 7#d74 ,?is section1 z we h se51 is intimately connect$ ) ! prec$+ "o4 ,! damsel1 hav+ obta9$ ! sympa?ies ( "s ( ! c\rt-ladies1 accord+ to ! close ( ! la/ section1 relates to !m1 at ! op5+ ( ?is 7*4 v4 #b-h71 a dream :i* %e _h rec5tly _h2 :i* gives ! damsel an opportunity ( describ+ ! appe>ance ( h] belov$1 & ?is description gradually introduces ! la/ & ! greate/ trial :i* %e has to enc\nt]4 ,! ,,fif? section--*4 viii4 #e-ad--/ates ! result ( ! damsel's victory ov] all h] temptations4 ,! ,k+1 conv9c$ t no?+ c\ld induce h] to transf] h] affections1 dismisses h]2 & accompani$ by h] belov$ %eph]d1 %e quits ! c\rt = h] humble c\ntry resid5ce4 ,on _! way1 !y visit ! tree "u :i* !y 7 fir/ esp\s$ 7viii4 #e71 & !re implore t ! flame :i* _h be5 k9dl$ 9 _! he>ts might be la/+4 ,a mo/ graphic & p[]ful description ( ! nature ( true love foll[s1 9 :i* all h] trials are rec\nt$ 7#f1 #g74 ,! damsel !n rem9ds h] bro!rs ( ! promise !y _h made h]1 & obta9s ! rew>d ( virtue4 ,?us ?is ,song records ! real hi/ory ( a humble b virtu\s woman1 :o1 aft] hav+ be5 esp\s$ to a man ( l humble circum/ances1 _h be5 tempt$ 9 a mo/ allur+ mann] to ab&on him1 & to transf] h] affections to "o ( ! wise/1 & ri*e/ ( m51 b :o successfully resi/$ all temptations1 rema9$ fai?ful to h] esp\sals1 & 0 ultimately rew>d$ = h] virtue4 ,,section ,,iv4--,,importance ,,( ,,! ,,book4 ,few1 x is presum$1 w "q ! importance ( a ,book1 9 ! sacr$ canon1 :i* records an example ( virtue 9 a humble individual1 :o _h pass$ successfully ?r\gh unp>allel$ temptations4 ,! av[$ object ( ,holy ,writ is to tea* all t is good & conducive to human happ9ess4 ,lessons ( wisdom & virtue are int]sp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts4 ,! ,apo/le ,paul urges ! ,philippians to ?9k ( :atsoev] is true1 noble1 j1 pure1 lovely1 & ( good report3 ( ev]y?+1 9 %ort1 t is 9 any way pr(itable or praisewor?y4 ,^! lessons are n communicat$ to u 9 ab/ract =ms1 or en=c$ by p[]ful argum5t m]ely1 b !y are pres5t$ 9 ! mo/ attractive examples drawn f ! lives ( illu/ri\s m5 & wom51 :o1 amid/ ! greate/ trials & temptations1 h pre-em95tly ma9ta9$ _! integrity4 ,! ,patri>* ,job is set =? z an example ( pati5ce1 & ! ,prophets z patt]ns ( suff]+ affliction 7,james v4 #aj1 #aa74 ,an example ( virtue1 v simil> to ! "o 9 ! ,song be=e u1 is record$ 9 ,g54 xxxix4 #g1 c41 :]e a ,hebrew slave is tempt$ by a woman ( rank1 b resi/s ! temptations2 & ?\gh left to suff] = a season1 is ultimately rew>d$ = 8 virtue4 ,su* in/ances1 !re=e1 are 9 h>mony ) ! design ( ,scripture1 & its me?od ( tea*+4 ,! individual :o passes ?r\gh ! extraord9>y temptations record$ 9 ?is ,song1 & rema9s fai?ful1 is a woman4 ,:o c f9d a virtu\s woman8 ,?is 0 ! "q ( ! ,anci5ts1 0 reit]at$ 9 ! middle ages1 & is /ill ask$ by _m4 ,"h is a reply to ,solomon's own enquiry4 ,he has f\nd "o at lea/ ( spotless integrity1 & h] virtue is record$ 9 ,scripture1 = ! def5ce ( wom5 aga9/ a preval5t1 b unju/ suspicion4 ,! second *apt] ( ,g5esis cle>ly /ates1 t ! man & ! woman 7 creat$ ) ! same intellectual & moral p[]s4 ,! words us$ by ,god respect+ ! creation ( ! woman are1 8! be+ ( man 9 8 solit>y /ate is n good4 ,i w make him a help-mate correspond+ to him20 t is1 "o t %all be exactly l him 9 affections1 9 sympa?ies1 9 m9d1 9 fact 8 c\nt]p>t2 %e %all be ! reflection ( 8 own p]son4 ,t ?is is ! mean+ ( is evid5t f ! ,septuag9t1 :i* r5d]s x 9 v]se #ah1 ' 1 & v]se #bj1 2 & f ! ,syriac & ! ,vulgate2 z well z f ! ,rabb9ical usage ( 1 to express ?+s exactly l "o ano!r4 #e ,! ^w ( ,god affirms "h1 t ! woman 0 creat$ exactly ) ! same capacities z ! man1 & conta9s no intimation ( subs]vi5cy to him1 or ( be+ 9 ! slighte/ degree weak] or less virtu\s ?an he4 ,! fact t ! ,tempt] assail$ ! woman1 & n ! man1 s f> f %[+ t ! woman 0 weak]1 w\ld r prove t %e 0 /rong]2 t ! cunn+ s]p5t knew ?is1 & 0 p]suad$1 if he c\ld only prevail ov] ! woman1 %e1 ) h] sup]ior influ5ce1 w\ld be sure to succe$ ) ! man1 z ! sad result %[$4 ,! curse :i* ,god pron\nc$ ^u ! guilty pair1 proves t ! woman 0 creat$ ) ! same intellectual & moral capacities z ! man4 ,_h ! woman be5 weak] 9 ^! respects ?an ! man1 %e w\ld n h be5 acc\ntable 9 an equal degree = h] s91 & w\ld n h be5 puni%$ ) ! same sev]ity4 ,no alt]ation has tak5 place 9 _! relative position1 9 ?is respect1 s9ce ! fall4 ,! curse ^u ! woman 9 relation to ! man does n ref] to any intellectual or moral1 b to a physical1 inf]iority4 ,hi!rto ! ,protopla/s resid$ 9 ,p>adise1 & subsi/$ ^u its delightful fruit2 & ! employm5t ( ! man 0 m]e recreation4 ,h5ce=? !y 7 to be driv5 f t happy abode2 ! woman 0 to exp]i5ce all ! sorr[ & pa9 ( pregnancy & p>turition1 & mu/ look to h] husb& = support f 8 h>d-e>n$ lab\r4 ,! man1 consign$ to r\gh lab\r 9 ! field1 expos$ to ! assault ( brutes1 0 h5ce=? to h m physical /r5g? & d>+2 :ile ! woman1 de/9$ to manage ! affairs at home1 & to re> up a family1 0 to ex]cise ! p[] ( pati5t endurance4 ,! man1 ) 8 sup]ior /r5g? & boldness1 0 h5ce=? to be ! protector2 ! woman1 suff]+ & mild1 ! protect$4 ,he 0 to be ! till] ( ! gr\nd1 & %e1 9 addition to ! sorr[ peculi> to h] condition1 mu/ dep5d on :at he might provide = h]2 & h5ce h] desire 0 to be unto him2 t is1 %e %\ld be look+ up to him = protection & ma9t5ance1 & ?us he w\ld rule ov] h]4 ,t ?is is ! :ole mean+ ( ! phrase 1 ,g54 iii4 #af1 is evid5t f ! clause imm$iately prec$+1 :i* describes ! woman's con/ant suff]+1 & precludes ! possibility ( secur+ ma9t5ance = h]self2 & also f ! foll[+ v]se1 :]e ! man is de/9$ to lab\r h>d = bread4 ,! notion1 !re=e1 t ! woman is intellectually or morally weak] ?an man1 is n ! tea*+ ( ! ^w ( ,god4 ,:ile man1 ?r\gh 8 sup]ior out-(-door qualities1 or physical /r5g? & c\rage1 is ! support]1 protector1 & rul] ( ! woman2 %e1 ?r\gh h] sup]ior 9-door qualities1 h] endurance & h] *>ms1 ameliorates 8 gov]nm5t1 & sways 8 inmo/ he>t4 ,_! diff]5t *>act]i/ics1 aris+ f _! diff]5t de/9ations1 7 design$ to bl5d toge!r s z to produce a happy h>mony1 & to make bo? "o4 ,b h[ vilely & trea*]\sly has man employ$ 8 sup]ior /r5g? & audacity6 ,in/ead ( ma9ta9+1 protect+1 & def5d+ ! woman1 he has us$ 8 /r5g? to oppress1 to cru%1 & to degrade h]4 ,z ! human race became m & m ali5at$ f _! ,creator1 intr9sic m]it & moral "* 7 despis$1 & physical =ce became rampant2 ! /rong]1 z among animals1 oppress$ & prey$ ^u ! weak]1 & ?us woman became ! slave ( man1 & 0 absolutely sold 9 ! capacity ( daught] or wife1 z cattle & o!r prop]ty4 ,?us ,eliez]1 ! s]vant ( ,abraham1 pur*as$ ,rebekah z a wife = ,isaac1 8 ma/]'s son1 7,g54 xxiv4 #ec74 ,jacob1 hav+ no?+ to give z a comp5sation = 8 wives1 0 oblig$ to s]ve f\rte5 ye>s = !m 7,g54 xxix4 #ah-bh74 ,%e*em1 wi%+ to obta9 ,d9ah = a wife1 & ascrib+ ! unwill+ness ( ,jacob to "p ) h] to ! insuffici5cy ( ! comp5sation he _h (f]$1 says--8,ask me nev] s mu* d[ry & gift1 & ,i w give accord+ z ye %all say unto me3 b give me ! damsel to wife 7,g54 xxxiv4 #ab740 ,comp>e1 also1 ,exod4 xxii4 #ae1 c42 #a ,sam4 xviii4 #be2 ,hos4 iii4 #b4 ,?is cu/om ( pur*as+ wives 0 g5]al among ! ,ori5tals4 8,9 ,babylon1 #f ! foll[+ c\rse 0 pursu$ 9 e village once a-ye>4 ,all ! maid5s ( a m>riageable age 7 collect$ toge!r1 & br\ght 9 a body to "o place2 ar\nd !m /ood a cr[d ( m54 ,!n a cri]1 hav+ made ^! maid5s /& up "o by "o1 (f]$ !m = sale1 beg9n+ ) ! mo/ beautiful2 & :5 %e _h be5 sold = a l>ge sum1 he put up ano!r :o 0 next 9 beauty4 ,!y 7 sold on condition t !y %\ld be m>ri$4 ,su* m5 among ! ,babylonians z 7 ri* & desir\s ( m>ry+ us$ to bid aga9/ "o ano!r1 & pur*ase ! mo/ beautiful4 ,b su* ( ! l[] classes z 7 desir\s ( m>ry+1 did n reg>d beauty1 & 7 will+ to take ! pla9] damsels ) a sum ( money giv5 ) !m4 ,= :5 ! cri] _h f9i%$ sell+ ! mo/ beautiful ( ! maid5s1 he made ! pla9e/ /& up1 or "o t 0 a cripple1 & put h] up = auction1 = ! p]son :o w\ld m>ry h] = ! lea/ sum4 ,?is money 0 obta9$ f ! sale ( ! mo/ beautiful2 & ?us ! beautiful portion$ out ! pla9 & ! crippl$40 ,wives 7 pur*as$ among ! ,assyrians & ,arabians also2 #g among ! anci5t ,greeks #h & ,g]mans #i & are /ill b\ght among ! ,ori5tals ( ! pres5t day4 #aj ,fe>ful consequ5ces1 aris+ f su* a mode ( obta9+ wives1 7 inevitable1 & soon became app>5t4 ,z ! procur+ ( wives dep5d$ ^u ! (f] :i* any "o 0 able to make1 ^? t c\ld af=d x pur*as$ z _m z !y pleas$4 ,h5ce ! practice ( polygamy1 ?an :i* no?+ produces m contempt = ! prop] "* ( wom51 or t5ds m to _! degradation4 ,z ^! contracts 7 =m$ )\t ! p>ties be+ previ\sly kn[n to ea* o!r1 & )\t any affection subsi/+ betwe5 !m1 ! woman1 in/ead ( be+ ! help-mate or companion ( man became 8 slave1 & 0 kept = ! gratification ( 8 c>nal appetites1 or at be/ 0 reg>d$ z a play?+ = a leisure h\r4 ,h] rights 7 d5i$1 h] education 0 neglect$1 h] intellect 0 degrad$1 h] moral "* 0 que/ion$4 ,man1 seek+ to possess z _m wives z he c\ld af=d1 gave ! woman no cr$it = virtue4 ,act+ ^u ?is suspicion & false accusation1 he plac$ h] 9 ! mo/ inaccessible "p ( ! h\se2 dogs or eunu*s gu>d$ ! doors ( h] *amb]s2 #aa ! h>em 0 made z imp5etrable z a prison2 none b ! ne>e/ relatives 7 all[$ to see h]1 & :5 p]mitt$ to pass ?r\gh ! /reets h] c\nt5ance 0 ?ickly veil$1 & eunu*s wat*$ h] e /ep4 ,plut>* relates t :5 wom5 travell$ !y 7 plac$ 9 a conveyance closely cov]$ on all sides1 & t x 0 9 su* a cov]+ t ,!mi/ocles fl$ f ,p]sia1 8 att5dants be+ in/ruct$ to tell e inquir] t !y 7 convey+ a ,grecian lady f ,ionia to a nobleman at ,c\rt4 #ab ,! sacr$ books ( hea!n nations teem ) l\d execrations aga9/ ! natural unfai?fulness & immorality ( wom54 8,! lu/ ( a woman10 says ! pundits1 8is nev] satisfi$1 no m ?an fire is satisfi$ ) fuel1 or ! ma9 ocean ) receiv+ ! riv]s1 or ! empire ( dea? ) ! dy+ ( m5 & animals40 ,& aga93 8,wom5 h six qualities3 ! fir/ is an immod]ate desire = jewels & f9e furniture1 h&some clo!s & nice victuals2 ! second1 immod]ate lu/2 ! ?ird1 viol5t ang]2 ! f\r?1 deep res5tm5t1 no p]son kn[+ ! s5tim5ts conceal$ 9 _! he>ts2 ! fif?1 ano!r p]son's good appe>s evil 9 _! eyes2 ! six?1 !y commit bad actions40 #ac ,! wick$ness ( wom5 is a subject ^u :i* ! /rong] sex among ! ,arabs1 ) an affectation ( sup]ior virtue1 (t5 dwell 9 common conv]sation4 ,t wom5 are defici5t 9 judgm5t or good s5se1 is held z an undisput$ fact1 z x re/s on an ass]tion ( ! ,prophet2 b t !y possess a sup]ior degree ( cunn+1 re/s ^u ! same au?ority4 ,_! g5]al depravity is affirm$ to be mu* great] ?an t ( m54 8,i /ood10 said ! ,prophet1 8at ! gate ( ,p>adise1 & lo1 mo/ ( its inmates 7 ! poor2 & ,i /ood at ! gate ( hell1 & lo1 mo/ ( its inmates 7 wom540 ,9 allusion to wom51 ! caliph ,om> said1 8,consult !m1 & d ! contr>y ( :at !y advise10 :i* ,moore has ?us p>aphras$3-- 8,:5e'er y're 9 d\bt1 said a sage ,i once knew1 ',twixt two l9es ( conduct :i* c\rse to pursue1 ,ask a woman's advice1 & :ate'er %e advise1 ,d ! v rev]se1 & y're sure to be wise40 ,:5 woman 0 creat$1 8! devil10 we are told1 80 delight$1 & said1 #8,?\ art half ( my ho/1 & ?\ art ! depository ( my secret1 & ?\ art my arr[1 ) :i* ,i %oot & miss n4'0 #ad ,!y 7 made s mu* to feel _! inf]iority1 t ,iphig5ia is made to say1 8,"o man1 =soo?1 is bett] ?an t5 ?\s& wom540 #ae ,?\gh ! ,jewi% wom5 7 treat$ m l5i5tly1 & enjoy$ great] privileges ?an _! sex 9 o!r nations1 yet x is evid5t1 f a v>iety ( circum/ances 9 ,old ,te/am5t hi/ory1 t !y 7 n :olly emancipat$ f a /ate ( unnatural inf]iority4 ,polygamy 0 practis$ among/ ! ,jews1 & its debas+ effects 7 obvi\s4 ,! h>ems1 ! veils1 & eunu*s 7 n uncommon to _! wom54 ,weakness ( moral "* 0 imput$ to !m2 unfai?fulness & incont95cy 7 dilat$ ^u 7,num4 v4 #ab2 ,prov4 xxxi4 #aj2 ,eccl4 vii4 #bh74 ,josephus tells u #af t wom51 9 consequ5ce ( _! natural levity1 7 n admitt$ z legal witnesses 9 c\rts ( ju/ice4 ,maimonides tea*es ! same2 8,!re are10 says ?is great lum9>y1 8t5 sorts ( disqualifications1 & e individual 9 :om "o ( !m is f\nd1 is disqualifi$ f giv+ evid5ce2 & ^! are wom51 slaves1 *ildr51 idiots1 ! deaf1 ! bl9d1 ! wick$1 ! despis$1 relations1 & ^? int]e/$ 9 _! te/imony2 ^! are ! t540 #ag ,! ,rabb9s endeav\r to ju/ify ?is inhuman treatm5t ( wom5 f ! law ( ,moses4 8,wom510 say !y1 8are disqualifi$ by ! law f giv+ te/imony3 = x is said1 #8,at ! m\? ( two witnesses1' :]e ! ^w #8witnesses' is ( ! mascul9e1 & n fem99e g5d]40 ,x is n to be wond]$ at1 !re=e1 t ! ,jew1 among 8 ?anksgiv+s1 %\ld say to ! ,almighty e morn+1 8,bless$ be ?\1 ,o ,"l our ,god1 ,k+ ( ! univ]se1 t ?\ ha/ n creat$ me a woman40 ,n[1 if "o sex ( ! human family has be5 s degrad$ by ! o!r2 if %e :om ,god creat$ to be a help-mate & c\nt]p>t has be5 r$uc$ by man to ! slave ( 8 c>nal lu/s2 if su* slavi% & inhuman treatm5t has be5 ju/ifi$ on ! false plea ( ! natural unfai?fulness & incont95cy ( ! sex2 if exclusion f society & imprisonm5t h be5 deem$ necess>y = ! pres]vation ( h] morals1 h[ greatly has woman be5 ali5at$ f ! orig9al design ( h] creation6 h[ unju/ly has h] "* be5 asp]s$6 h[ inhumanly has %e be5 treat$6 & h[ great is ! importance ( a book :i* celebrates ! virtu\s example ( a woman1 & ?us /rikes at ! root ( all h] reproa*es & h] wrongs6 ,! importance ( ?is view ( ! book may be fur!r se5 f ! fact1 t1 9 proportion to ! degradation ( wom51 m5 !mselves h become degrad$2 =1 depriv$ ( ! meliorat+ influ5ces :i* ! delicacy & t5d]ness ( wom5 7 design$ to h ov] !m1 & nev] m ne$$ ?an 9 _! fall5 /ate1 !y h ab&on$ !mselves to _! wor/ passions & desires1 & ?us _! :ole civil & social condition has be5 proportionally undignifi$ & unble/4 ,look1 on ! o!r h&1 at ! /ate ( society :]e woman is re/or$ to h] rightful position1 !re we %all f9d ref9em5t ( mann]s1 purity ( conv]sation1 mutual confid5ce & affection1 dome/ic happ9ess1 intellectual enjoym5t1 fre$om ( ?\ght & action1 sympa!tic repose1 & :atev]1 9 fact1 t5ds to mitigate ! unavoidable evils ( ! pres5t life2 all ref]able1 9 a great] or less degree1 to ! unre/rict$ influ5ce ( woman ^u ! *ild & ^u ! man4 ,9 religion1 h] influ5ce is /ill m pot5t4 ,if fir/ 9 ! transgression1 %e is fir/ 9 ! re/oration2 & 7 man z ready to foll[ h] 9 do+ good z he has be5 9 do+ evil1 ! _w w\ld long ago h be5 9 a holi] & happi] /ate ?an x is at pres5t4 ,:o con/itute ! pr9cipal "p ( our wor%ipp+ assemblies8 ,wom54 ,:o =m ! *ief portion ( ! memb]s ( our *ur*es8 ,wom54 ,:o are ! *ief ag5ts 9 ! religi\s education ( our *ildr58 ,wom54 ,:o are ! ma9 support ( our v>i\s b5evol5t & evangelical in/itutions8 ,wom54 ,let x n be said1 !n1 t a ,book :i* celebrates ! asc5d5cy ( a virtu\s woman 9 humble life ov] all ! bl&i%m5ts ( weal? & royalty1 is unwor?y ( a place 9 ,holy ,writ4 ,! importance ( ?is book is1 moreov]1 enhanc$ by ! circum/ances m imm$iately connect$ ) ! "t 9 :i* x 0 writt54 ,! conduct ( ,ba?-%eba ) ,david 0 calculat$ to confirm man 9 8 op9ion t woman 0 naturally unfai?ful & incont95t1 & t x 0 requisite to exclude h] f society1 9 ord] to pres]ve h] morals4 ,b ! n>rative "h record$ =ms a contra/ to ! conduct ( ,ba?-%eba4 ,x %[s ! p[] ( virtue 9 a woman1 ev5 ( humble life4 ,z ! wife ( an (fic] ( rank1 accu/om$ to luxury & weal?1 ! temptations ( ,ba?-%eba 7 n s great1 & yet %e surr5d]$ to !m4 ,:]eas ! ,%ulamite1 a humble %eph]dess1 to :om ! promise ( co/ly app>el & ( elevation f a l[ & toilsome occupation to ! highe/ rank1 mu/ h be5 an extraord9>y allurem5t1 triumph$ ov] !m all4 ,if "o woman yield$ to small incitem5ts1 ?is book %[s t ano!r ov]came unp>allel$ temptations1 & ?us *eck$ ! clam\r aga9/ woman :i* might h aris5 f ! conduct ( ,ba?-%eba ) ,david4 ,,section ,v4--,,hi/orical ,,sket* ,,( ,,! ,,exegesis ,,( ,,! ,,book4 ,no book has furni%$ a wid] field = ! speculation & vision>y projects ( ^? :o sub/itute _! own imag9ation & en?usia/ic feel+s = ! tea*+ ( ,scripture1 ?an ! ,song ( ,solomon2 ! v>ieties & absurdities ( :i* are a solemn w>n+ aga9/ dep>t+ f ! rules ( s\nd philology & critical int]pretation4 ,an enum]ation ( all ! diff]5t int]pretations ( ?is ,song w\ld be too l5g?y1 & is n requir$4 ,x w be suffici5t to glance at ! lead+ expositions4 ,we beg9 ) ! ,jewi%4 #cbc-bdf1 ,b4,c4 #ah ,x has be5 suppos$ t ! ,septuag9t1 :i* may be reg>d$ z ! olde/ ,jewi% exegetical tradition1 conta9s "s intimation t ! translators ( ! ,old ,te/am5t into ,greek & _! ,jewi% bre?r5 ( ^? days mu/ h int]pret$ ! ,song ( ,solomon 9 an allegorical mann]4 ,! only passage adduc$ 9 corroboration ( ?is op9ion is1 ,*4 iv4 #h1 :]e ! ,septuag9t r5d]s f ! top ( ,amana1 by 1 f ! top ( fai?4 ,t ?is appeal is nugatory is obvi\s f ! r5d]+ ( ,tirzah by 1 delight1 vi4 #d1 & ( noble daught] by 1 daught] ( ,nadab1 vii4 #a2 :5ce x is evid5t t ! ,septuag9t frequ5tly mi/ook prop] names = appellatives & adjectives1 & vice v]s4 ,x appe>s inconceivable t a pr(\nd s*ol> l ,keil1 :o is well acqua9t$ ) ! frequ5t errors ( ! ,septuag9t1 %\ld quote ?is z a special & suffici5t pro( t 8! ,alex&rian v]sion took ?is ,song 9 an allegorical s5se10 #ai especially z he knew t "s h drawn f x ! v opposite conclusion1 :o h argu$ t if ! au?ors ( ! ,septuag9t _h und]/ood ?is book 9 any o!r ?an its obvi\s s5se1 !y w\ld h betray$ x 9 ! translation4 #bj #ahj1 ,b4,c4 ,jesus ,sira*1 xlvii4 #ad-ag1 is next adduc$ z furni%+ "s clue to ! ,jewi% int]pretation ( ?is book4 ,ecclesia/icus1 accord+ to "s1 is a "n giv5 to x ' 1 because ( its be+ ! mo/ rem>kable & useful ( ! ecclesia/ical or apocryphal books2 o!rs say x 0 s call$ f its resemblance to ,solomon's ,ecclesia/es1 & o!rs1 aga91 ) m probability1 t ?is "n 0 giv5 to x by ! ,lat9s1 to d5ote its use 9 ! *ur*4 ,its ,greek "n1 h[ev]1 1 wisdom ( ,jesus son ( ,sira*1 is m appropriate4 ,x specifies at once ! au?or1 :o m5tions 8 own "n 9 ,*4 l4 #bg4 ,! age giv5 to ! book "h1 is t :i* is ?\ght mo/ probable4 #ba ,?is apocryphal writ] says 9 8 apo/rophe to ,solomon1--8,h[ wise wa/ ?\ 9 ?y y\?1 &1 z a flood1 fill$ ) und]/&+6 ,?y m9d cov]$ ! e>?1 & ?\ fill$/ x ) enigmatic say+s4 ,?y "n w5t =? to ! di/ant isles1 & ?\ wa/ belov$ = ?y peace4 ,c\ntries admir$ !e = songs1 & prov]bs1 & enigmas1 & solutions40 ,! #ag? v]se is suppos$ to include ! :ole writ+s ( ,solomon conta9$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 & x is affirm$ t 9 v]se #ae1 _c be und]/ood to mean ! ,prov]bs 77 s9ce ^! are sep>ately m5tion$ 9 v]se #ag1 h5ce x foll[s t !y ref] to ! allegorical int]pretation ( ?is ,song4 #bb ,ev5 ,h5g/5b]g1 :o1 ?\gh a def5d] ( ! allegorical int]pretation1 rem>ks1 #bc 8,sira* xlvii4 #ag1 has wrongly be5 ref]r$ to 9 support ( ! allegorical int]pretation4 ,= ! words dep5d ^u ! hi/orical n>ration 9 ! ,books ( ! ,k+s1 & d n ref] to ! writ+s compris$ 9 ! ,canon4 ,?is is evid5t f ! m5tion ( ! 1 :]eby ! solutions ( ! enigmas 9 contradi/9ction to ! enigmas !mselves1 c alone be meant4 ,comp4 #a ,k+s x4 #a-c4 ,:]eas 9 ! ,canon no su* are to be f\nd4 ,v]se #ae1 9 :i* ,keil f9ds a special ref]5ce to ! allegorical int]pretation1 likewise alludes to #a ,k+s x41 especially to v]se #bd40 #abj1 ,b4,c4 ,! ,book ( ,wisdom has also be5 suppos$ to conta9 a clue to ! int]pretation ( ?is ,song4 ,! au?or & ! age ( ! ,book are po9ts ( great conte/4 ,all t c be conclud$ ) any degree ( probability is1 t ! au?or 0 an ,alex&rian ,jew1 :o liv$ aft] ! transplant+ ( ! ,greek philosophy into ,egypt1 & t he seems to ref] to ! oppression ( ! lat] ,ptolemies4 #bd ,9 *4 viii4 #b1 ,solomon is repres5t$ z speak+ to ,wisdom2 8,h] ,i lov$ & s\ght f my y\?1 ,i s\ght to br+ h] home = my bride1 & ,i became a lov] ( h] beauty40 ,because ,solomon is "h made to speak ( ,wisdom z 8 bride1 x has be5 ma9ta9$ to be an explanation ( ! ,song ( ,songs1 z ?\gh ! brides 7 necess>ily ! same4 #be ,let any imp>tial read] p]use ! description ( ,wisdom 9 ! *apt] quot$1 & t ( ! bride 9 ! ,song ( ,songs1 & he w be conv9c$ t !re is no int5tional resemblance :atev]4 #cg-ie1 ,a4,d4 ,josephus is also said to h und]/ood ?is ,song 9 an allegorical s5se1 al?\gh x is n 9 a s+le in/ance quot$ by him4 ,8 arrangem5t ( ! ,books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is ! only gr\nd ( ?is argum5t4 ,x is said1 z he #bf m5tions tw5ty-two books :i* are ju/ly accr$it$ z ,div9e1 7 7 & describes five z belong+ to ,moses1 ?irte5 to ! ,prophets1 & ! rema9+ f\r z conta9+ hymns to ,god1 & rules ( life = m5 7 7 viz41 ! ,psalms1 ,job1 ,prov]bs1 & ,ecclesia/es1 no place is left = ?is ,song except among ! ,prophets2 & if ,josephus plac$ x !re1 x foll[s t he mu/ h und]/ood x allegorically4 #bg ,b 7 we to admit t ,josephus plac$ ?is ,song among ! prophetical writ+s1 we %\ld d5y ! conclusion attempt$ to be drawn f x4 ,= accord+ to ! same mode ( argum5tation1 we might inf] t ,josephus und]/ood ,ru? & ,e/h] allegorically1 = he also places ^! books among ! prophetical writ+s4 ,! fact is1 t ?is hi/orian1 z he tells u himself1 reckons ! hi/orical books among ! prophetical ones4 ,b we demur to ! ass]tion t ,josephus put ?is ,song among ! prophetical writ+s2 x is f> m likely t he plac$ x among ! f\r books :i* he describes z consi/+ ( hymns to ,god & precepts = ! life ( m54 #bh ,we come n[ to ! ,talmud1 9 :i* passages f ?is ,song are quot$ & int]pret$4 ,?is elaborate "w1 consi/s ( :at is call$ ! ,mi%na1 con/itut+ ! text1 & ! ,gem>a1 :i* is a comm5t>y ^u x1 d]iv$ f two s\rces1 viz4--,j]usalem & ,babylon4 ,! ,jews1 f "t immemorial1 _h an unwritt5 law 1 9 addition to ! writt5 "o1 1 1 conta9$ 9 ! ,p5tateu*4 ,hillel ( ,babylon 7born #ge ,b4,c471 :o1 next to ,ezra1 0 celebrat$ by po/]ity z ! re/or] ( ! law1 #bi fir/ arrang$ & divid$ ?is oral law into six p>ts3--#a1 conc]n+ s[+2 #b1 wom52 #c1 fe/ivals2 #d1 ! rights ( prop]ty2 #e1 holy ?+s2 #f1 pure & impure ?+s4 ,?is1 :i* comprises ev]y?+ t app]ta9s to ! ,jewi% law1 0 call$ ,mi%na1 1 or ! second rec5sion ( ! law4 ,9 ord] to reconcile ! ,sadducees1 :o d5i$ e law n f\nd$ on ,holy ,writ1 ,hillel laid d[n sev5 h]m5eutic rules1 :]eby ! ,scriptures might be int]pret$ 9 su* a mann] t ! oral law c\ld be d$uc$ f x4 #cj ,:5 fe>s 7 aft]w>ds ent]ta9$ le/ ! oral tradition %\ld be lo/1 ,rabbi ,judah ,hakkado% 7i4e4 holy71 9 ! ye> #bbj ,a4,d41 collect$ ev]y?+ t _h be5 said ^u ! subject1 pres]v+ ! division ( ,hillel1 & probably mak+ "s additions ( 8 own4 ,?is he did 9 a mann] s ma/]ly & satisfactory1 t x sup]s$$ e o!r previ\s attempt1 & con/itutes ! pres5t ,mi%na4 ,! ,mi%na became ! *ief object ( /udy4 ,! rules ( ,hillel 7 increas$ & mu* act$ on2 expositions 7 giv5 ^u ! reasons t l$ to ! decisions 9 ! ,mi%na2 ! exp\nd]s 7 call$ ,amoraim1 public lectur]s1 & ! exposition ,gem>a4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,judah1 _m ( 8 le>n$ disciples1 object+ to ! appo9tm5t ( 8 second son ,gamaliel1 to 8 fa!r's (fice1 emigrat$ to ,babylon1 & hav+ erect$ s*ools !re1 pursu$ ! /udy ( ! ,mi%na4 ,! academy !y e/abli%$ 9 ,sura rivall$ ! "o 9 ,tib]ias4 ,! ,gem>a ( ,tib]ias1 collat$ ab\t #ceh 7,a4,d47 by an unkn[n individual1 is call$ ,talmud ,j]u%almi2 & ! ,gem>a ( ,sura1 ! compilation ( :i* 0 begun by ,r4 ,a%e 7#ceb-dbg71 cont9u$ by 8 disciple & fri5d1 ,rab9a1 & f9i%$ ab\t #ebe1 is call$ ,talmud ,babli4 ,! latt] surpasses ! =m] 9 compreh5siv5ess1 p]spicuity1 & dep?1 is ab\t f\r times z l>ge1 & fills #bidg folio pages4 ,bo? unit$ are call$ ,! ,talmud book ( in/ruction2 & also ,gem>a4 ,x conta9s ! civil & c]emonial law1 debates on v>i\s bran*es ( art & sci5ce1 moral say+s1 anecdotes1 expositions on diff]5t passages ( ,scripture1 c4 #ca #ajj-ejj1 ,a4,d4--,9 ,yadaim1 7,sect4 iii4 #e47 we f9d t ,r4 ,akiba1 "o ( ! greate/ ,rabb9s :o liv$ 9 ! fir/ c5tury1 & presid5t ( ! ,academy ( ,bai-,b>c1 said1 8,! :ole _w 0 n wor?y ( ! day 9 :i* ?is sublime ,song 0 giv5 to ,israel2 = all ! ,scriptures are holy1 b ?is sublime ,song is mo/ holy40 ,!re c1 !re=e1 be no d\bt t ! my/]ies :i* ?is di/+ui%$ ,rabbi f\nd 9 ! ,song ( ,songs1 he reg>d$ z great] ?an ^? he discov]$ 9 any o!r portion ( ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures4 ,subsequ5t ,rabb9s quote & expla9 diff]5t passages4 ,?us1 ,*4 i4 #b is discuss$ 9 ,abodah ,s>ah 7,sect4 #b1 p4 #ce74 ,x is ask$1 8,h[ are ! words1 #8,?y love is bett] ?an w9e' und]/ood80 ,answ]3 ,:5 ,rabbi ,dimi came to ,babylon1 he said1 8,?is v]se is ?us und]/ood3 ! ,congregation ( ,israel said to ,god1 #8,"l ( ! ,univ]se1 ! words ( ?y fri5ds 7namely1 ! sages7 are m excell5t ?an ev5 ! w9e ( ! ,law4'0 ,"h we see t ! belov$ is tak5 to be ,god1 & ! lov$ "o ! ,congregation ( ,israel4 ,*4 i4 #c1 is quot$ & exp\nd$1 a little fur!r on1 9 ! same tract ( ! ,talmud1 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 8,r4 ,na*man b5 ,r4 ,*asdah once said1 9 8 disc\rse1 ! words #8,delici\s is ! od\r ( ?y p]fumes1' d5ote a le>n$ man2 = su* an "o is l a box ( p]fumes2 if x is cov]$ up1 no "o c smell ! p]fumes1 b :5 x is op5$ ! od\r becomes widely diffus$4 ,x is s ) a le>n$ man )\t disciples1 no "o kn[s ( 8 le>n+2 b if he gets a circle ( disciples 8 "n & 8 le>n+ become widely diffus$4 ,& n only ?is1 b he himself w increase le>n+ by tea*+1 s t ?+s :i* he =m]ly did n und]/& w n[ become pla9 to him2 = x is writt5 9 ! same v]se ,,damsels ,,love ,,!e2 read ,,hidd5 ,,?+s w love !e1 i4e41 w become pla9 to !e2 & n only ?is1 b ev5 ! angel ( dea? w love him2 read !n ,,he ,,:o ,,is ,,ov] ,,dea? w love !e2 & /ill m1 he w inh]it bo? worlds1 ?is _w & ! _w to come2 read also ,,worlds love !e40 ,*4 i4 #ac1 #ad1 & v4 #ac1 are quot$ & expla9$ 9 ,sabba?1 p4 #hh1 b41 8,rabbi ,jo%uah b5 ,levi sai?1 ,:at is meant by is ! congregation ( ,israel1 :o is say+ be=e ! ,holy ,"o ?us3 ,o ,"l1 ?\gh my belov$ 7i4e4 ,god7 oppresses me1 & is embitt]$ aga9/ me1 yet he /ill lodges ) me4 ,by is meant1 ,he :o is ! own] ( all ?+s1 w =give me ! s9 ( ! calf1 ) :i* ,i cov]$ myself4 ,a "q is rais$1 ,h[ does signify my cov]+8 ,!n ,rabbi ,m>-,sutra b5 ,rabbi ,na*man quotes f ano!r "p ( ! ,talmud 7,kelim #ce71 :]e means to cov]4 ,r4 ,jo%uah b5 ,levi proce$s1 ,:at is meant by is1 ,at e comm&m5t :i* proce$e? f ! m\? ( ! ,holy ,"o on ,m\nt ,s9ai1 ! _w 0 fill$ ) aromatics4 ,a "q is ask$1 ,if ! _w 0 fill$ at ! fir/ comm&m5t1 :]e 0 ! od\r diffus$ at ! second comm&m5t8 ,answ]1 ,! ,holy ,"o s5t 8 w9d f 8 /ores1 & c>ri$ !m away successively1 z x is writt51 d n read b repeat+ 9 succession4 ,rabbi ,jo%uah b5 ,levi concludes1 ,at e comm&m5t utt]$ by ! m\? ( ! ,holy ,"o1 ! s\l ( ,israel 0 drawn out ( !m1 z x is writt51 #8,my s\l w5t out :5 he spake4' ,a "q is aga9 ask$1 ,if _! s\l 0 drawn out at ! fir/ comm&m5t1 h[ c\ld !y receive ! second8 ,answ]4 ,he 7i4e4 ,god7 caus$ ! dew to come d[n1 by :i* he w raise ! dead1 & reviv$ !m1 z x is writt51 #8,?\1 ,o ,god1 did/ s5d a pl5tiful ra91 :]eby ?\ did/ confirm ?9e inh]itance1 :5 x 0 we>y4'0 ,ps4 lxviii4 #i4 #cb ,"h1 aga91 we see t ! bridegroom is tak5 to be ! ,holy ,"o1 ! ,own] ( all ?+s1 & ! bride ! congregation ( ,israel4 ,! read]1 look+ into ! text ( ! ,talmud quot$ 9 ! note1 w obs]ve t mo/ ( ?is int]pretation has be5 obta9$1 ei!r by ! sep>ation ( words1 ! transposition & *ange ( lett]s1 or by sub/itut+ 9 ! comm5t>y words1 simil> 9 s\nd to ^? 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,?us1 a bundle1 a bag1 is expla9$ by oppress2 myrrh by embitt]2 a clu/] by ,he ^: are all ?+s2 cypress fl[]s by p>don2 ,en-g$i by ! s9 ( ! calf4 ,?is mode ( int]pretation is n conf9$ to ! ,song ( ,songs1 b is appli$ to all p>ts ( ! ,bible1 & is an illu/ration ( ! way 9 :i* ! h]m5eutic rules laid d[n by ,rabbi ,hillel1 & augm5t$ by ,r4 ,i%mael1 & o!rs1 7 c>ri$ out4 #eej1 ,a4,d4--,! ,t>gum or ,*aldee p>aphrase is ! fir/ entire comm5t>y ^u ! ,song ( ,songs :i* has be5 h&$ d[n to u4 ,! au?or is unkn[n4 ,kitto errone\sly affirms1 t x 0 8made sev]al c5turies be=e ! "t ( ,*ri/1 & probably be=e ! tradition>y int]pretation ( ! au?or himself 7i4e4 ! au?or ( ?is ,song7 w\ld entirely be lo/40 #cc ,! inf]ior /yle 9 :i* x is writt51 ! copi\s use x makes ( leg5ds ( a v late date1 & especially ! m5tion x makes ( ! ,gem>a 7,*4 i4 #b71 :i* 0 n complet$ till ne>ly ! middle ( ! six? c5tury1 prove mo/ di/9ctly t ?is p>aphrase 0 made 9 ! six? c5tury4 ,hv]nick1 #cd h[ev]1 is equally wrong 9 affirm+ t ! ,mahom$ans are m5tion$ 9 ,*4 i4 #g4 ,t ! sons ( ,i%mael "h allud$ to are n ! ,mahom$ans1 is evid5t f ,*4 vi4 #g4 ( ! same p>aphrase1 :]e we are told t ^! head$ by ,alex&] ! ,great1 came to wage w> aga9/ ,j]usalem at ! "t ( ! ,maccabees4 ,! ,t>gum takes ! ,song ( ,songs z an allegory1 describ+ prophetically ! hi/ory ( ! ,jewi% nation1 beg9n+ ) _! ,exodus f ,egypt1 & detail+ _! do+s & suff]+s1 d[n to ! com+ ( ! ,messiah1 & ! build+ ( ! ?ird ,temple4 ,?us1 accord+ to ?is allegory1 ,*4 i4 #c1 describes ,jehovah's fame1 :i* w5t abroad 9 consequ5ce ( ! wond]s he wr\ght :5 br++ ! ,israelites out ( ,egypt2 v]se #ab describes ! dep>ture ( ,moses to receive ! two tables ( /one1 & h[ ! ,israelites1 9 ! mean "t1 made ! gold5 calf2 v]se #ad describes ! p>don ( t s91 & ! erection ( ! ,tab]nacle2 ,*4 iii4 #f-aa1 describes ! passage ( ! ,israelites1 "u ! lead]%ip ( ,jo%ua1 ov] ! ,jordan1 _! attack+ & conqu]+ ! ,canaanites1 & ! build+ ( ,solomon's ,temple2 ,*4 v4 #b1 describes ! ,babylonian captivity2 ,*4 vi4 #b1 ! deliv]ance ( ,israel ?r\gh ,cyrus2 & ! build+ ( ! second ,temple2 ,*4 vi4 #g1 c41 describes ! battles ( ! ,maccabees2 ,*4 vii4 #aa1 #ab1 ! pres5t disp]sion ( ! ,jews1 & _! future anxiety to le>n ! "t ( _! re/oration2 ,*4 viii4 #e1 c41 describes ! resurrection ( ! dead1 ! f9al +a!r+ ( ,israel1 ! build+ ( ! ?ird ,temple1 c41 c4 8,! belov$10 accord+ to ! ,t>gum1 is ! ,"l2 8! lov$ "o0 is ! ,congregation ( ,israel2 8! companions ( ! belov$0 7,*4 i4 #g7 are ! ,edomites & ! ,i%maelites2 8! daught]s ( ,j]usalem0 are1 9 ,*4 i4 #e1 ! ,g5tile nations2 9 ii4 #g1 iii4 #e1 viii4 #d1 ! ,congregation ( ,israel2 & 9 v4 #h1 ! prophets2 8! bro!rs ( ! lov$ "o0 are ! false prophets2 8! little si/]10 9 viii4 #h1 is ! p ( ,israel2 ! speak]s 9 ! same v]se are ! angels2 ! speak] 9 viii4 #ac1 is ! ,"l2 8! companions10 9 ! same v]se are ! ,sanh$rim4 ,! foll[+ specim5 ( ! ,t>gum1 on ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is ,song1 w give ! read] an idea ( ! way 9 :i* ! p>aphrase develops ! allegorical con/ruction ( ?is book4 #a4 ,! ,song ( ,songs1 c4--,! songs & praises :i* ,solomon ! prophet1 ,k+ ( ,israel1 sang1 by ! _s ( prophecy1 be=e ,god1 ! ,"l ( ! :ole _w4 ,t5 songs 7 sung 9 ?is _w1 b ?is song is ! mo/ celebrat$ ( !m all4 ,! fir/ song ,adam sang :5 8 s9s 7 =giv5 him1 & :5 ! sabba?-day came1 & protect$ him1 he op5$ 8 m\? & said1 8,a song = ! sabba?-day10 c4 7,ps4 xcii47 ,! second song ,moses & ! *ildr5 ( ,israel sang :5 ! ,"l ( ! _w divid$ ! ,r$ ,sea = !m1 !y all op5$ _! m\?s & sang z "o man1 ! song1 z x is writt51 8,!n sang ,moses & ! *ildr5 ( ,israel40 7,exod4 xv4 #a47 ,! ?ird song ! *ildr5 ( ,israel sang :5 ! well ( wat] 0 giv5 to !m1 z x is writt51 8,!n sang ,israel40 7,numb4 xxi4 #ag47 ,! f\r? song ,moses ! prophet sang1 :5 8 "t came to dep>t f ?is _w1 9 :i* he reprov$ ! p ( ! h\se ( ,israel1 z x is writt53 8,give e>1 ,o heav5s1 & ,i w speak40 7,deut4 xxxii4 #a47 ,! fif? song ,jo%ua ! son ( ,nun sang1 :5 he wag$ w> 9 ,gibeon1 & ! sun & moon /ood /ill = him ?irty-six h\rs1 & :5 !y left (f s++ _! song1 he himself op5$ 8 m\? & sang ?is song1 z x is writt53 8,!n sang ,jo%ua be=e ! ,"l40 7,jo%4 x4 #ab47 ,! six? song ,b>ak & ,deborah sang 9 ! day :5 ! ,"l deliv]$ ,sis]a & 8 army into ! h&s ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 z x is writt53 8,!n sang ,deborah1 c40 7,judg4 v4 #aa47 ,! sev5? song ,hannah sang :5 a son 0 giv5 h] by ! ,"l1 z x is writt53 8,& ,hannah pray$ prophetically1 & said40 7#a ,sam4 ii4 #a1 & ! ,t>gum 9 loco47 ,! eigh? song ,david ! ,k+ ( ,israel sang = all ! wond]s :i* ! ,"l did = him4 ,he op5$ 8 m\? & sang a hymn1 z x is writt53 8,& ,david sang 9 prophecy be=e ! ,"l40 7#b ,sam4 xxii4 #a1 & ! ,t>gum 9 loco47 ,! n9? song ,solomon ! ,k+ ( ,israel sang by ! ,holy ,_s be=e ,god1 ! ,"l ( ! :ole _w4 ,& ! t5? song ! *ildr5 ( ! captivity %all s+ :5 !y %all be deliv]$ f _! captivity1 z x is writt5 & decl>$ by ,isaiah ! prophet3 8,?is song %all be unto y = joy1 z 9 ! night 9 :i* ! fea/ ( ! passov] is celebrat$2 & gladness ( he>t z :5 ! p g to appe> be=e ! ,"l ?ree times 9 ! ye>1 ) all k9ds ( music1 & ) ! s\nd ( ! timbrel1 to g up to ! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l1 & to wor%ip be=e ! ,"l1 ! ,mighty ,"o ( ,israel40 7,is4 xxx4 #bi1 & ! ,t>gum 9 loco47 #b4 ,let him kiss me1 c4--,solomon ! prophet said1 8,bless$ be ! "n ( ! ,"l :o has giv5 u ! law ?r\gh ,moses ! great scribe1 writt5 ^u two tables ( /one2 & ! six p>ts ( ! ,mi%na & ! ,talmud traditionally1 & :o spoke ) u face to face1 z a man t kiss$ 8 fri5d1 because ( 8 great love :]e) he lov$ u above ! sev5ty nations40 #ce #c4 ,?y p]fumes1 c4--,at ! report ( ?y wond]s & mighty de$s :i* ?\ ha/ done = ?y p ! h\se ( ,israel1 all ! nations trembl$ :o he>d ( ?y fam\s /r5g?1 & ?y great miracles2 & 9 all ! e>? 0 he>d ?y holy "n1 :i* is m excell5t ?an ! ano9t+ oil t 0 p\r$ ^u ! heads ( k+s & prie/s2 !re=e ! righte\s love to walk aft] ?y good way1 because !y %all inh]it bo? ?is _w & ! _w to come4 #d4 ,draw me1 c4--,:5 ! p ( ! h\se ( ,israel w5t out ( ,egypt ! %e*9ah ( ! ,"l ( ! _w w5t be=e !m 9 a pill> ( cl\d by day1 & 9 a pill> ( fire by night1 & ! righte\s ( t g5]ation said1 ,"l ( ! :ole _w1 draw u aft] !e1 & we w run 9 ?y good way6 ,br+ u to ! foot ( ,m\nt ,s9ai1 & give u ?y law out ( ?y treasury 9 heav51 & we w rejoice & be glad 9 ! tw5ty-two lett]s #cf ) :i* x is writt51 & we w rememb] !m1 & love ?y div9e nature1 & )draw ourselves f ! idols ( ! nations2 & all ! righte\s1 :o d t :i* is "r be=e !e1 %all fe> !e & love ?y comm&m5ts4 #e4 ,i am sw>?y1 c4--,:5 ! h\se ( ,israel made ! calf1 _! faces became black1 l ! sons ( ,cu%1 :o dwelt 9 ! t5ts ( ,k$>2 b :5 !y return$ by rep5tance1 & 7 =giv51 ! %9+ spl5d\r ( _! faces 0 increas$ to t ( angels1 because !y made ! curta9s = ! tab]nacle1 & ! %e*9ah ( ! ,"l dwelt among !m2 & ,moses1 _! tea*]1 w5t up to heav5 & made peace betwe5 !m & _! ,k+4 #f4 ,d n look d[n ^u me1 c4--,! congregation ( ,israel said be=e all ! nations1 ,d n despise me because ,i am black] ?an y1 = ,i h done y\r de$s1 & wor%ipp$ ! sun & moon2 = false prophets h be5 ! cause t ! fi]ce ang] ( ! ,"l has come ^u me1 & !y taught me to wor%ip y\r idols1 & to walk 9 y\r laws2 b ! ,"l ( ! _w1 :o is my ,god1 ,i did n s]ve1 & did n walk 9 8 precepts1 & did n keep 8 comm&m5ts & laws4 #g4 ,tell me1 c4--,:5 ! "t came = ,moses ! prophet to dep>t f ?is _w1 he said to ! ,"l1 ,x is reveal$ to me t ?is p w s91 & be c>ri$ into captivity2 %[ me n[ h[ !y %all be gov]n$ & dwell among ! nations1 ^: decrees are oppressive z ! heat & ! scor*+ sun 9 ! summ] sol/ice1 & :]e=e is x t !y %all w&] among ! flocks ( ! sons ( ,esau & ,i%mael1 :o make _! idols equal to !e1 z ?\gh !y 7 ?y companions4 #h4 ,if ?\ kn[e/ n1 c4--,! ,holy ,"o1 bless$ be 8 "n1 said to ,moses1 ! prophet1 8,i suff] myself to be entreat$ to aboli% _! captivity2 ! congregation ( ,israel1 :i* is l a fair damsel1 & :i* my s\l loves1 %e %all walk 9 ! ways ( ! righte\s1 & %all ord] h] pray]s accord+ to ! ord] ( h] gov]nors & lead]s1 & in/ruct h] *ildr51 :o are l to ! kids ( ! goats1 to g to ! synagogue & ! s*ools2 & by ! m]its ( ?is !y %all be gov]n$ 9 ! captivity1 until ! "t t ,i s5d ,k+ ,messiah1 & he %all lead !m quietly to _! habitations2 yea1 he %all br+ !m to ! h\se ( ! sanctu>y1 :i* ,david & ,solomon1 ! %eph]ds ( ,israel1 %all build = !m40 #i4 ,i comp>e !e1 c4--,:5 ,israel w5t out ( ,egypt1 ,ph>aoh & 8 ho/s pursu$ aft] !m ) *>iots & horsem51 & _! way 0 %ut up on ! f\r sides ( !m2 on ! "r h& & on ! left 7 wild]nesses full ( fi]y s]p5ts1 & beh9d !m 0 wick$ ,ph>aoh ) 8 army1 & be=e !m 0 ! ,r$ ,sea1 :at did ! holy bless$ ,god d8 ,he 0 manife/$ 9 ! p[] ( 8 might ^u ! ,r$ ,sea1 & dri$ ! sea up1 b ! mud he did n dry up4 ,! wick$ & ! mix$ multitude1 & ! /rang]s :o 7 among !m1 said1 ,! wat]s ( ! sea he 0 able to dry up1 b ! mud he 0 n able to dry up4 ,9 t v h\r ! fi]ce ang] ( ! ,"l came ^u !m1 & he s\ght to dr[n !m 9 ! wat]s ( ! sea1 z ,ph>aoh1 & 8 army1 & 8 *>iots1 & 8 horsem51 & 8 horses 7 dr[n$1 _h x n be5 = ,moses ! ,prophet1 :o spread 8 h&s 9 pray] be=e ! ,"l1 & turn$ away ! ang] ( ! ,"l f !m4 ,!n he & ! righte\s ( t g5]ation op5$ _! m\?s1 & sang a song1 & pass$ ?r\gh ! ,r$ ,sea on dry l&1 ?r\gh ! m]its ( ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob1 ! belov$ ( ! ,"l4 #aj4 ,beautiful are ?y *eeks1 c4--,:5 !y w5t out into ! wild]ness ! ,"l said to ,moses1 8,h[ comely is ?is p1 t ! words ( ! law %\ld be giv5 unto !m1 & !y %all be z a bridle 9 _! jaws1 t !y may n dep>t out ( ! good way1 z a horse turne? n aside t has a bridle 9 8 jaws2 & h[ fair is _! neck to be> ! yoke ( my comm&m5ts2 & x %all be ^u !m z a yoke ^u ! neck ( a bullock :i* pl\ghe? 9 ! field1 & fe$s bo? itself & its own]40 #aa4 ,circlets ( gold1 c4--,!n 0 x said to ,moses1 8,g up into heav51 & ,i w give !e ! two tables ( /one1 hewn out ( ! sapphire ( ! ?rone ( my glory1 %9+ z ! be/ gold1 dispos$ 9 r[s1 writt5 ) my f+]1 on :i* are engrav5 ! t5 comm&m5ts1 pur] ?an silv] t is purifi$ sev5 times sev51 :i* is ! numb] ( ! ?+s expla9$ 9 !m 9 =ty-n9e v>i\s ways1 & ,i %all give !m by ?y h&s to ! p ( ! h\se ( ,israel40 #ab4 ,:ile ! ,k+1 c4--,:il/ ,moses1 _! tea*]1 0 9 heav5 to receive ! two tables ( /one1 & ! law & ! comm&m5ts1 ! wick$ ( t g5]ation & ! mix$ multitude t 0 among !m rose up & made a gold5 calf1 & caus$ _! works to /9k1 & an evil report ( !m w5t out 9 ! _w2 = be=e ?is "t a fragrant od\r ( !m 0 diffus$ 9 ! _w1 b aft]w>ds !y /ank l n>d1 ! smell ( :i* is v bad1 & ! plague ( leprosy came d[n ^u _! fle%4 #ac4 ,a bag ( myrrh1 c4--,at t "t ! ,"l said to ,moses1 8,g d[n1 = ! p h corrupt$ !mselves1 desi/ f speak+ to me1 & ,i w de/roy !m40 ,!n ,moses return$ & ask$ m]cy ( ! ,"l1 & ! ,"l rememb]$ = !m ! b9d+ ( ,isaac1 :om 8 fa!r b\nd1 on ,m\nt ,moriah1 ^u ! alt>2 & ! ,"l turn$ f 8 fi]ce ang]1 & caus$ 8 %e*9ah to dwell among !m z be=e4 #ad4 ,a bun* ( cypress fl[]s1 c4--,s !n w5t ,moses d[n ) ! two tables ( /one 9 8 h&s2 &1 because ( ! s9s ( ,israel1 8 h&s grew heavy1 & ! tables fell & 7 brok54 ,!n w5t ,moses & gr\nd ! calf to p[d]1 & scatt]$ ! du/ ( x ^u ! brook1 & made ! *ildr5 ( ,israel to dr9k x1 & slew all t des]v$ to die1 & w5t up a second "t into heav51 & pray$ be=e ! ,"l1 & made atonem5t = ! *ildr5 ( ,israel2 !n 0 ! comm&m5t to make a tab]nacle & an ark4 ,imm$iately ,moses ha/5$ & made ! tab]nacle1 & all its furniture1 & ! ark2 & he put 9 ! ark ! two o!r tables1 & appo9t$ ! sons ( ,a>on1 ! prie/s1 to (f] ! (f]+s ^u ! alt>1 & to p\r ! w9e ^u ! (f]+s2 b f :5ce _h !y w9e to p\r8 ,= 9 ! wild]ness !y _h no prop] place = s[+2 nei!r _h !y fig-trees1 nor v9es1 nor pomegranates2 b !y w5t to ! v9ey>ds ( ,en-g$i1 & took clu/]s ( grapes f !nce1 & press$ w9e out ( !m1 & p\r$ x ^u ! alt>1 ! f\r? "p ( a h9 to "o lamb4 #ae4 ,behold ?\ art beautiful1 c4--,:5 ! *ildr5 ( ,israel p]=m$ ! w ( _! ,k+1 he himself prais$ !m 9 ! family ( ! holy angels1 & said1 8,h[ fair are ?y works1 my daught]1 my belov$1 ,o congregation ( ,israel1 9 ! "t t ?\ doe/ my w1 & /udie/ 9 ! words ( my law2 & h[ well ord]$ are ?y works & ?y affairs1 z "y doves t are fit to be (f]$ ^u ! alt>60 #af4 ,behold ?\ art comely1 c4--,! congregation ( ,israel answ]$ be=e ! ,"l ( ! _w1 & ?us said1 8,h[ fair is ! %e*9ah ( ?y hol9ess1 :5 ?\ dwelle/ among u1 & receive/ pray]s ) acceptance2 & :5 ?\ dwelle/ 9 our belov$ b$1 & our *ildr5 are multipli$ 9 ! _w1 & we increase & multiply l a tree t is plant$ by a /ream ( wat]1 ^: leaf is fair1 & ^: fruit is pl5te\s60 #ag4 ,! beams (1 c4--,solomon1 ! prophet1 said1 8,h[ beautiful is ! h\se ( ! sanctu>y ( ! ,"l1 :i* is built by my h&s1 ( wood ( ,gulmi%2 b f> m beautiful w be ! h\se ( ! sanctu>y :i* %all be built 9 ! days ( ! ,k+ ,messiah1 ! beams ( :i* w be ( ! c$>s ( ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 & ^: raft]s w be ( cypress1 p9e1 & box40 ,! prec$5t ( ! ,talmud 9 tak+ ! belov$ z ! ,"l1 & ! lov$ "o z ! ,congregation ( ,israel1 & 9 expla9+ ! text 9 su* a mann] z to make x squ>e ) h] do+s1 has q prep>$ u = ! ,*aldee exposition1 ! au?or ( :i* mo/ probably 0 himself "o ( ! lat] ,talmudi/s4 ,h[ c\ld ! p>aphra/ d o!rwise8 8,are n ! words ( ! sages m excell5t ?an ev5 ! w9e ( ! ,law80 #cg 8,is n he :o transgresses ! words ( ! scribes m guilty ?an he :o transgresses ! words ( ! ,law80 #ch ,hav+1 !re=e1 be5 once settl$ by ! sages t ?is ,song describes ! do+s & suff]+s ( ,israel1 x only rema9$ = ! expositors to apply _! exegetical canons1 viz43 ( transpos+1 *ang+1 or omitt+ lett]s2 expla9+ words by o!rs ( a simil> s\nd2 mak+ ea* lett] ( a ^w beg9 ano!r ^w2 r$uc+ an expression to its num]ical value1 & expla9+ ! text accord+ly1 c4 c41 9 ord] to palm ^u ?is book1 9 a consecutive ord]1 ! rem>kable ev5ts 9 connection ) ! hi/ory ( ! ,jews4 ,?us1 ! love ( ,god to ,israel1 :i* 0 great] ?an to all ! sev5ty o!r nations m5tion$ 9 ,*4 i4 #b1 0 obta9$ by r$uc+ ! ^w to its num]ical value1 sev5ty2 ! two worlds1 9 v]se #c1 :i* ! pi\s are to inh]it1 7 obta9$ by *ang+ maid5s1 into worlds1 accord+ to ! example ( ! ,talmud2 #ci ! tw5ty-two lett]s ) :i* ! ,law is writt51 9 v]se #d1 7 obta9$ by r$uc+ ! ^w to its num]ical value2 ! ,tab]nacle1 9 v]se #e1 0 obta9$ f ! ^w 1 & ! effect$ peace by *ang+ ! prop] "n into peace2 ! wor%ip ( ! sun & moon1 9 v]se #f1 0 obta9$ f ! ^w sun2 ! pl\gh+ bullock1 9 v]se #aj1 0 obta9$ by *ang+ r+let1 & necklace1 into 2 ! two tables %9+ z ! be/ gold1 v]se #aa1 7 obta9$ by r5d]+ gold5 ,laws1 & ! sev5 times sev51 or ! =ty diff]5t int]pretations ( ! ,law1 by r$uc+ ! ^w to its num]ical value1 be+ sev51 & & sev51 & !n multiply+ sev5 by sev52 ! b9d+ ( ,isaac1 9 v]se #ac1 0 obta9$ by r5d]+ by ! b9d+ ( ,moriah2 ! s9 ( ! calf1 & ! atonem5t ( t1 9 v]se #ad1 7 obta9$ by *ang+ ,en-g$i1 into ! s9 ( ! calf1 & by sub/itut+ p>don1 = cypress-fl[]1 accord+ to ! example ( ! ,talmud4 #dj ,?is is ! developm5t ( ,hagadic exegesis1 & ?is ! p>aphrase appeal$ to 9 support ( ! allegorical int]pretation1 & 9 ! track ( :i* future allegori/s m or less foll[4 #hib-idb4 ,f ! ,*aldee p>aphrase to ,r4 ,saadias ,gaon1 a p]iod ( ab\t #cej ye>s1 ?ick d>kness cov]s ! annals ( ,jewi% lit]ature4 ,) him1 h[ev]1 a new epo* beg9s to dawn4 ,saadias 0 born at ,pi?om1 9 ,egypt1 ab\t ! ye> #hib1 & di$ 9 ! ye> #idb4 ,he 0 8,gaon10 or spiritual head ( ! ,jews 9 ,babylon1 & is well kn[n by 8 translation ( ! ,bible into ,arabic1 ! ,p5tateu* ( :i* is ins]t$ 9 ,walton's ,polyglott4 #da ,among ! _m philosophical & exegetical works ?is em95t man bequea!d to po/]ity1 is a comm5t>y on ! ,song ( ,songs1 :i* 0 orig9ally writt5 9 ,arabic1 & 0 translat$ into ,hebrew by "s unkn[n individual4 ,?is "w is exce$+ly r>e1 & ,i h happily f\nd a copy ( ! orig9al ,con/ant9ople edition 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ( :i* ,dukes 0 n aw>e :5 he wrote 8 8,lit]>is*e ,mit!ilung540 ,! view t ,saadias takes is t 8,solomon relates 9 x ! hi/ory ( ! ,jews1 beg9n+ ) _! ,exodus f ,egypt1 & ext5d+ x beyond ! com+ ( ! ,messiah40 ,?us f> he agrees ) ! ,t>gum1 b 8 comm5t>y on ! text is entirely at v>iance ) t p>aphrase4 ,accord+ to ,saadias1 ,*4 i4 #b-;iii4 #e1 describes ! bondage ( ,israel 9 ,egypt1 _! lib]ation1 ! giv+ ( ! ,law1 ! battles ) ,sihon1 ,og1 & ! ,k+ ( ,aro>1 ! wra? ( ,god at ! "t ( ! spies1 c4 ,*4 iii4 #f-;iv4 #g1 describes ! erection ( ! ,tab]nacle1 ! v>i\s j\rneys 9 ! wild]ness1 ! high position ( ,moses & ,a>on1 c4 ,hi!rto ,israel has be5 call$ by ! appellation my lov$ "o1 = !y _h n z yet ent]$ ,canaan2 h5ce=? !y are call$ bride 771 because ,god takes !m into ! promis$ l&2 j z a bridegroom calls 8 lov$ "o bride1 :5 he takes h] home4 ,*4 iv4 #h-v4 #a1 describes ,israel's entrance into ,canaan1 ! build+ ( ! fir/ ,temple1 ! sep>ation ( ,judah & ,israel1 ! ,%e*9ah dep>t+ f ,israel & abid+ ) ,judah1 & ! p com+ up to ,j]usalem to ! ?ree great fe/ivals4 ,*4 v4 #b-vi4 #c1 describes ! rebellion ( ,israel & ,ahaz1 ,god s5d+ prophets to w>n !m to rep5t1 ! de/ruction ( ! ,temple1 ! ,babylonian captivity1 ,israel's lib]ation1 ! build+ ( ! second ,temple1 & ! cov5ant ( ,god ) 8 rep5t+ p4 ,*4 vi4 #d-;ix4 describes ! tw(old condition ( ! p t return$ f ,babylon1 "s ( :om 7 godly1 :ile o!rs took /range wom51 =got ! holy language1 & 7 !re=e call$ dawn1 be+ nei!r real light nor real d>kness1 nei!r pi\s nor wick$4 ,*4 vi4 #aj-vii4 #i1 ref]s to ! pres5t disp]sion1 9 :i* ! ,jews1 ?\gh be+ _m days )\t a k+1 )\t a prie/1 c41 say we /ill live 9 ! fe> ( ,god1 & are ,84 ,*4 vii4 #ab-viii4 #d1 ref]s to ! suff]+s ( ! ,messiah b5 ,joseph1 ! manife/ation ( ! ,messiah b5 ,david1 ! ob$i5ce ( ,israel to ,god 9 ^? days1 & to ! ,"l's rejoic+ ov] !m z a bridegroom ov] 8 bride4 ,*4 viii4 #e1 to ! end1 describes ,israel re/or$1 ! ?ird ,temple built1 & all ! p walk+ accord+ to ! w ( ! ,"l4 ,! pr9cipal p]sons 9 ?is ,song are und]/ood 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 8! belov$0 is ! ,"l2 8! lov$ "o10 ! ,congregation ( ,israel2 8! companions ( ! belov$10 7,*4 i4 #g17 are ,moses1 ,a>on1 & ,miriam2 8! daught]s ( ,j]usalem10 ! ,congregation ( ,israel2 8! little si/]10 ! two tribes & a half2 8! speak]10 ! ,"l2 8! inhabitant ( ! g>d5s10 is ! sages2 8! companions10 9 ! same v]se1 are ! ,israelites wi%+ to li/5 to ! tea*+ ( _! sages4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ,r4 ,saadias's comm5t>y1 ! ,hebrew ( :i* is giv5 9 ! note4 #db #a-c4 ,! ,song ( ,songs1 c4--,"k1 my bro!r1 t y w f9d a great div]sity ( op9ions z reg>ds ! int]pretation ( ?is ,song ( ,songs2 & x mu/ be confess$ t !re is reason = x1 s9ce ! ,song ( ,songs is l a lock1 ! key ( :i* ha? be5 lo/4 ,"s ma9ta9 t x ref]s to ! k+dom ( ,israel2 o!rs say t x ref]s to ! days ( ! ,messiah2 & o!rs aga9 affirm t x ref]s to ! "t ( ! disp]sion & ! ,messiah1 & ass]t t by belov$ 77 ! ,messiah is meant1 & by bride 77 is meant ! law 774 ,b ?is is a s91 an error1 & a great h]esy4 ,! tru? is1 t by belov$ 77 is meant ! ,"l1 = x is writt51 8,i w s+ to my belov$ a song ( love respect+ 8 v9ey>d0 7,isa4 v4 #a71 :i* ! prophet ,isaiah expla9s 7v]se #g71 8,! v9ey>d ( ! ,"l ( ,ho/s is ! h\se ( ,israel40 ,solomon relates 9 ?is book ! hi/ory ( ! ,jews comm5c+ ) _! ,exodus f ,egypt until aft] ! com+ ( ! ,messiah1 & comp>es ! position ( ,israel to ,god to t ( a bride to a bridegroom1 because %e 7,israel7 is de> to him1 & he to h]4 ,:5 he fir/ takes h] f h] fa!r's h\se he calls h] my fri5d 771 :5 he br+s h] to 8 h\se he calls h] my bride 771 :5 %e f9ds fav\r 9 8 eyes he calls h] my si/] 771 & praises h] f head to foot2 !n he is angry ) h]1 & %e returns & praises him f head to foot2 !n he praises h] a second "t4 ,&1 because x is unlawful = a bridegroom & bride to come toge!r )\t a m>riage-contract & witnesses1 !re=e ,solomon beg9s ) ! words1 8,let him give me kisses ( 8 m\?20 t is1 ! comm&m5ts & ! /atutes1 compris+ bo? ! writt5 & ! oral law :i* ! ,"l gave to ,israel ?r\gh ! pi\s ,moses1 ,a>on1 & ,miriam1 s t ,israel's fame w5t =? into ! _w 9 consequ5ce ( _! wisdom1 z x is writt51 8,& ?y r5[n w5t =? among ! hea!n = ?y beauty10 c4 7,ezek4 xvi4 #ad71 s mu* s t _m ( ! nations desir$ to be ga!r$ "u ! w+s ( ! %e*9ah & become ,jews2 & ^! are ! mix$ multitudes1 ,je?ro & o!rs1 & !re=e x is said1 8,?y p]fumes are good 9 od\r10 t is1 ! ,"l tri$ !m f ! dep>ture out ( ,egypt till _! entrance into ,canaan :e!r !y w\ld walk 9 8 ways1 z x is writt51 8,?\ did/ foll[ me 9 ! wild]ness10 c4 ,j]4 ii4 #b4 #d4 ,draw me1 c4--,hav+ relat$ 9 ?is v]se h[ ,israel walk$ 9 ! fe> ( ! ,"l1 & receiv$ ! t5 comm&m5ts 9 ! #f? ( ,sivan1 & !n made ! calf on ! #ag? ( ,tamuz1 ,solomon 9 a/oni%m5t says 9 _! "n1 #e4 ,i am sw>?y1 c4--,t is1 ,i am sw>?y1 b comely2 ,i am sw>?y because ( mak+ ! calf1 b comely because ( receiv+ ! t5 comm&m5ts2 & ,israel says t 8 s9 has be5 =giv5 ?r\gh ! ?ree ?\s& m51 ! wick$ among ,israel1 :o s]v$ idols1 :o 7 kill$ be=e ! sun to atone = ! great s91 z x is writt51 8,= ?\ had/ done x 9 secret1 b ,i w d x be=e all ,israel1 & be=e ! sun0 7#b ,sam4 xii4 #aa1 #ab72 & ! nations made me keep] ( ! s]vice ( o!r gods1 = ,i s]v$ /range gods1 z x is writt51 8,& !y *ang$ _! glory into ! lik5ess ( a calf t eate? grass0 7,psal4 cv4 #be47 ,! read] w h obs]v$ t ?is e>ly comm5tator does already comp>e ! ,song ( ,songs to a lock1 ! key ( :i* has be5 lo/1 & ref]s to sev]al modes 9 :i* x has be5 int]pret$4 #ajjj-ajdj4 ,! allegorical int]pretation 0 nev]!less introduc$ into ! ,jewi% liturgical s]vices 9 ! middle ages1 :5 !y 7 seek+1 f traditions1 dogmas1 biblical ev5ts1 c41 to con/ruct sacr$ hymns & poems to be said or sung at _! fea/s & fa/s4 #dc ,be+ reg>d$ z repres5t+ ! dep>ture ( ,israel f ,egypt 7 71 & _! subsequ5t hi/ory 9 confirmation ( ,jehovah's cov5ant ) !m1 ! ,song ( ,songs is us$ 9 a poetical p>aphrase on ! fir/ & second morn+ s]vices ( ! ,passov] fea/1 :i* 0 design$ to celebrate ! ,exodus f ,egypt z ! comm5cem5t ( ! conjugal relation betwe5 ,god & 8 p4 ,= ! same reason1 ! book itself is read 9 ! synagogue on ! ,sabba? ( ! middle days ( ! ,passov] 7 74 ,! poetical p>aphrase above allud$ to is 9 an alphabetical =m1 has ! au?or's "n 9 x1 & ea* /anza closes ) a quotation f ! book 9 regul> ord]1 :i* r5d]s ! p>aphra/ic mean+ artificial & obscure4 ,"s idea ( x may be ga!r$ f ! foll[+ v]sion :i* we h made ( ,r4 ,solomon b5 ,judah ,hababli's p>aphrase1 compris+ ! fir/ five v]ses ( ! ,song ( ,songs4 #a ,! ,light & ,savi\r ( ! *os5 p ,des]v+ protection1 ,he %all h f ,8 belov$ assembly 8,a song ( ,songs40 #b ,! ,graceful ,"o1 ! object ( all long+ desires4 ,! ,reviv+ ,cordial ( ! fa9t+ he>t1 ,! ,b\ntiful ,s\rce ( abundant supply1 8,he ha? kiss$ me ) kisses40 #dd #c ,! lov$ "o above all nations1 ,! keep] ( ! ,law ,?\ ha/ giv51 ,h] did/ ,?\ p]fume ) ,?y spices1 8,! od\r ( ,?y sweet o9tm5ts40 #de #d ,! *os5 ( ,?y h\se & nobles1 ,lo6 we are surr\nd$ ) spl5d\r1 ,we press to ! h\se ( ,?y glory1 8,oh draw u aft] !e40 #df #e ,oh ,?\ all maje/ic1 yet mild1 ,?\ ha/ cr[n'd me ) grace above _m1 ,?\gh n[ ) grief ,i am m>r$1 8,i am sw>?y1 b comely40 #dg ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be borne 9 m9d t ! synagogal poetry 0 n au?oriz$ to express ! cre$ ( ! :ole nation2 :i* is evid5t f ! fact t _m le>n$ & pi\s ,jews unscrupul\sly1 & )\t c5sure1 reject$ "s ( its op9ions4 ,"s ( ^! poems 7 compos$ by prelectors ( sep>ate congregations1 & = ! use ( ! p>ticul> synagogues 9 :i* !y (ficiat$4 ,! adoption or rejection ( any su* poem entirely dep5d$ ^u ! influ5ce ( ! prelector on 8 congregation1 & ^u ! !me & m]it ( ! composition4 ,! poetical p>aphrase ( ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! ,song ( ,songs 0 sure to be adopt$ because ( ! consolation :i* x imp>ts to ! disp]s$ & suff]+ ,israelites1 inasmu* z x assures !m t ,god has n ca/ !m (f1 t ,he is /ill _! belov$1 & !y are /ill 8 lov$ ones1 & t he w spe$ily be reunit$ to !m4 #ajdj-aaje4 ,?r\gh ,r4 ,solomon b5 ,isaac1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,g]mano-,fr5* ,rabb9ical lit]ature1 ?is enc\rag+ allegorical int]pretation 0 introduc$ into ,g]many & ,france1 :]e ! suff]+ ,jews obta9$ consolation4 ,?is di/+ui%$ comm5tator1 commonly call$ ,ra%i1 &1 ?r\gh ! mislead+ ( ,buxtorf1 errone\sly nam$ ,j>*i1 0 born at ,troyes1 9 ,*ampagne1 9 #ajdj1 :]e he also di$1 ab\t #aaje4 #dh 8,my op9ion is10 says ,ra%i1 8t ,solomon =esaw1 by ! aid ( ! ,holy ,_s1 t ,israel w\ld be c>ri$ into sundry captivities1 & und]go sundry dissolutions2 t !y w\ld lam5t 9 _! captivity ov] _! =m] glory1 & recall ! =m] love1 :i* ,god manife/$ = !m above all o!r nations2 t !y w\ld say1 #8,i w g & return to my fir/ husb&1 = !n 0 x bett] ) me ?an n[' 7,hos4 ii4 #i72 t !y w\ld ackn[l$ge ,8 k9dness & _! own rebellion1 & ! good ?+s :i* ,he promis$ to give !m 9 ! latt] days 7i4e41 at ! com+ ( ,messiah47 8,?is book is writt5 by inspiration1 & repres5ts a wife =sak5 by h] husb&1 & %ut up1 long+ aft] him1 recall+ to h] m9d h] love 9 y\? to h] belov$1 & confess+ h] guilt2 h] belov$ sympa?is+ ) h] affection1 & rememb]+ ! k9dness ( h] y\?1 ! *>ms ( h] beauty1 & h] good works1 :i* _h ti$ him to h] ) an ev]la/+ love4 8,! design ( ?is book is to %[ to ,israel t ,god has n afflict$ h] 7i4e41 ,israel7 will+ly2 t ?\gh ,he did s5d h] away1 ,he has n ca/ h] (f2 t %e is /ill ,8 wife1 & ,he h] husb&1 & t ,he w aga9 be unit$ to h]40 #di ,accord+ to ,ra%i1 repres5ts ,god z a husb&1 & ! 8lov$ "o0 ! congregation ( ,israel1 z a wife =sak5 = a "t by him2 ! 8companions ( ! belov$0 are ! hea!n k+s & pr9ces1 "u ! figure ( wolves2 8! daught]s ( ,j]usalem10 are ! hea!n nations2 ! 8bro!rs ( ! lov$ "o10 are ! ,egyptians2 ! 8little si/]0 is ! =sak5 wife ( ! ,song1 c4 c4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ,ra%i's comm5t>y3-- #a4 ,! ,song ( ,songs1 c4--,our ,rabb9s /ate1 t :5ev] ,solomon is m5tion$ 9 ?is ,song1 x signifies ! ,holy ,"o1 ! ,k+ ( ,peace4 ,?is is confirm$ by ! fact t ! "n ( ,solomon's fa!r is n "h giv51 z 9 ,prov4 i4 #a & ,eccl4 i4 #a4 ,?is mo/ excell5t ,song 0 address$ to ,god by 8 p1 ! congregation ( ,israel4 ,rabbi ,akiba says1 t ! _w 0 n wor?y ( ! day 9 :i* ! ,song ( ,songs 0 giv5 to ,israel2 = all ! ,scriptures are holy1 b ! ,song ( ,songs is mo/ holy4 ,rabbi ,eliez] b5 ,az>iah says1 x is l to a k+ :o took a measure ( :eat1 & gave x to ! bak]1 say+1 ,produce f x s mu* fl\r1 s mu* bran1 & s mu* *aff1 & make me a ref9$ & excell5t cake ( ! fl\r2 s all ,scriptures are holy1 b ?is ,song is mo/ holy2 = ! :ole ( ?is book tea*es ! fe> ( ,god & submission to 8 k+dom4 #b4 ,let him kiss me1 c4--,?is ,song ,israel utt]s 9 h] captivity & wid[hood4 ,oh t ,k+ ,solomon w\ld give me kisses ( ,8 m\?1 z 9 ! "t ( yore6 ,"s kiss ! h&1 & o!rs ! %\ld]s2 b ,i desire t ,he %\ld behave to me z 9 =m] days1 viz41 kiss my m\? z a bridegroom kisses 8 bride2 = ,?y c>esses are bett] ?an all ! banquets ( w9e1 & all joys & pleasures4 ,x is a ,hebrew idiom to call e banquet ( pleasure & joy by ! "n ( w9e 7,comp4 ,e/h4 vii4 #b2 ,isaiah xxiv4 #i2 v4 #ab74 ,?is is ! lit]al s5se2 b1 accord+ to ! allegory1 ?is ref]s to ! giv+ ( ! ,law1 & ,god's speak+ ) ,israel face to face4 ,^! fav\rs /ill cont9ue to be m preci\s to !m ?an any delights2 & z !y are assur$ by ,god t ,he w appe> aga9 to reveal ! secrets & my/]ies ( ! ,law1 ,israel prays to ,him = ! fulfilm5t ( ,8 promises4 ,?is is ! mean+ ( 8,let him kiss me60 #c4 ,?y p]fumes1 c4--,a good "n is call$ good oil4 ,! fragrance ( ,?y "n is s excell5t t ! ends ( ! e>? h smelt x :5 !y he>d ( ,?y fame & ( ,?y great wond]s 9 ,egypt4 ,?y "n is call$ 1 i4e41 ,?\ art oil1 & art con/antly p\r$ =?1 s t ,?y sweet od\r might be widely diffus$4 ,?is is ! nature ( good oil4 ,z long z x is seal$ 9 a bottle1 x does n emit any smell2 b :5 ! bottle is op5$1 & ! oil p\r$ into a vessel1 ! smell is diffus$4 ,! maid5s love !e4 ,je?ro1 he>+ ( ! wond]ful do+s ( ,god 9 ,egypt1 confess$ ! ,god ( ,israel 7,exodus xviii472 s ,rahab1 :5 %e he>d t ! ,"l _h dri$ up ! wat]s ( ! ,r$ ,sea1 became a proselyte 7,jo%ua ii4 #aa74 ,by ! maid5s are meant ! ,g5tiles2 !y are s call$ because ,god is repres5t$ z a y\?4 #d4 ,draw me1 c4--,i ga!r$ f ,?y mess5g]s t ,?\ did/ wi% to draw me1 & ,i imm$iately repli$1 ,we w run aft] ,!e to be ,?y wife4 ,he has br\ght me1 c4 ,& up to ! pres5t "t ,i /ill rejoice1 & am glad t ,i h be5 unit$ to ,!e4 ,we celebrate1 c4 ,ev5 n[1 ?\gh a liv+ wid[1 ,i celebrate ,?y love m ?an a banquet ( pleasure & mir?4 ,!y love !e1 c4 ,i & my =efa!rs1 9 _! days1 h lov$ ,!e ) f]v5t & upright love1 )\t deception4 ,?is is ! lit]al mean+ accord+ to ! context4 ,b1 accord+ to ! allegory1 ,israel rem9ds ,god ( ! k9dness ( _! y\? & ! love ( _! esp\sals 7,j]4 ii4 #b71 ( _! foll[+ ,him 9 ! wild]ness1 a l& ( aridity & ! %ad[ ( dea?1 :i!r !y took no provisions1 because !y believ$ 9 ,him & 9 ,8 mess5g]1 & did n say1 ,h[ %all we foll[ ,!e 9 ! wild]ness1 a place de/itute ( f]tility & food8 b w5t aft] ,him1 & 8,he br\ght !m into 8 ap>tm5ts30 t is1 surr\nd$ !m ) ! protect+ cl\ds4 ,& ev5 n[1 ?\gh 9 di/ress & affliction1 !y rejoice & are glad 9 ,him & delight 9 ! ,law2 & h]e9 celebrate ,8 love m ?an w9e1 & manife/ _! s9c]e atta*m5t to ,him4 #e4 ,i am sw>?y1 c4--,y1 my companions1 let me n be lightly e/eem$ 9 y\r eyes1 al?\gh my ,husb& =sook me because ( my sw>?9ess2 = ,i am sw>?y because ( ! tann+ sun1 yet ,i am comely because ( ! symmetry ( my beautiful limbs4 ,if ,i am sw>?y1 l ! t5ts ( ,k$>1 :i* are discol\r$ by ! ra91 9 consequ5ce ( _! be+ con/antly spread out 9 ! wild]ness1 ,i %all easily be wa%$1 & be z beautiful z ! curta9s ( ,solomon4 ,! allegorical mean+ is1 ! congregation ( ,israel speaks ?is to ! ,g5tiles1--,i am sw>?y 9 my own works1 b ,i am comely 9 ! works ( my fa!rs2 & "s ( my own works ev5 are good4 ,& ?\gh ,i am ta9t$ ) ! s9 ( ! calf1 ,i h1 to c\nt]balance ?is1 ! m]it ( accept+ ! ,law4 ,israel calls ! ,g5tiles 8daught]s ( ,j]usalem10 because ,j]usalem is to be ! metropolis ( all nations1 z x is pr$ict$1 8,& ,i w give !m to !e = daught]s0 7,ezek4 xvi4 #fa72 &1 aga91 8,ekron & h] daught]s0 7,jo%4 xv4 #dd74 ,ra%i also says1 t he _h se5 8a numb] ( o!r comm5t>ies on ?is ,song2 "s conta9+ an exposition ( ! :ole ,book1 & o!rs ( sep>ate passages1 b !y are compatible nei!r ) ! language ( ,scripture1 nor ) ! connexion ( ! v]ses40 #ej #ajhe-aaee4 ,! spread ( ?is consol+ allegorical int]pretation 9 ,france & ,g]many 0 promot$ by ! comm5t>y #ea ( ! di/+ui%$ ,r4 ,samuel b5 ,mei]1 call$ ,ra%bam1 ! gr&son ( ,ra%i1 :o 0 born ab\t #ajhe1 & di$ ab\t #aaee4 #eb ,ra%bam too affirms t ?is book 8repres5ts captive ,israel z a virg9 sigh+ & m\rn+ = h] belov$1 :o left h] & w5t af> (f1 z describ+ 8 ev]la/+ love to h]1 decl>+ 9 a ,song1 #8,su* an ard5t love did my belov$ manife/ :5 ) me1' & tell+ h] fri5ds & companions 9 a colloquial mann]1 #8,s did my belov$ speak to me1 & s did ,i answ] him4'0 #ec ,9 ! explanations ( ! pr9cipal p]sons ,ra%bam g5]ally agrees ) ,ra%i4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( 8 comm5t>y3-- #a4 ,! ,song ( ,songs--,t is1 a song celebrat$ above all songs1 l ! great & awful ,god1 above all gods1 & ! great ,"l above all lords4 ,:i* is ,solomon's4 ,t is1 ,k+ ,solomon compos$ x by inspiration4 ,=esee+ ! ,israelites 9 _! captivity sigh+ aft] ! ,holy ,"o :o w5t away f !m1 z a bridegroom sep>ates himself f 8 belov$1 ,solomon s+s ?is song 9 ! "n ( ! congregation ( ,israel1 :o is l a bride to ,him 7,god74 describes ,solomon z ! au?or1 comp>e 1 4 #b4 ,w\ld t1 c4--,w\ld t my ,belov$ came1 & kiss$ me kisses ( ,8 m\? on my m\? 9 8 great love z 9 ! days ( old2 = ! expressions ( ,8 love are bett]1 pleasant]1 & sweet] ?an any delici\s banquet4 ,?y c>esses4 ,! lov$ "o sometimes addresses h]self to h] belov$ z if he 7 pres5t1 & at o!r times %e speaks ( him to h] companions1 z if he 7 abs5t4 ,m ?an w9e1 i4e4 m ?an sweet bev]ages call$ 4 ,accord+ to ! allegorical mean+1 ?is ref]s to ! law deliv]$ to ,israel m\? to m\?4 #c4 ,?y p]fumes1 c4--,because ( ,?y good o9tm5t ( balsam1 ! od\r ( :i* ext5d$ to ! end ( ! e>?1 & 0 p\r$ out f vessel to vessel1 !re=e is ,?y "n call$ o9tm5t4 ,comp4 ,eccl4 vii4 #a4 8,a good "n is bett] ?an preci\s o9tm5t40 ,by ! ext5sion ( y\?ful love is meant ! wond]s :i* ! ,holy ,"o p]=m$ = ! congregation ( ,israel 9 ,egypt1 on acc\nt ( :i* ,8 "n & p[] became kn[n among ! nations1 z x is writt51 8,! prie/ ( ,midian he>d1 c40 ,exod4 xviii4 #a3 & aga91 :at is said by ,rahab ! h>lot1 8,= we h he>d h[ ! ,"l dri$ up ! wat]1 c40 ,jo%4 ii4 #aj4 ,& aga91 8,! p %all he> & be afraid10 ,exod4 xv4 #ad4 #d4 ,draw me1 c4--,draw me to ,!e1 & ,i & my congregation w run aft] ,!e1 z 9 ! days ( old1 :5 ! ,k+1 my belov$1 br\ght me into ,8 *amb]s2 &1 :ile runn+ aft] ,!e1 we w rejoice & be glad 9 ,!e1 & celebrate ,?y love & ! expressions ( ,?y affection above any banquet ( w9e & bev]ages2 = all ! _w loves ,!e ) upright love4 ,?is ref]s to ! congregation ( ,israel1 :o sighs & makes supplication be=e ! ,holy ,"o1 to br+ h] out f h] captivity1 z ,he _h =m]ly br\ght h] out ( ,egypt1 & l$ h] into ,8 *amb]s1 i4e41 ! tab]nacle1 :]e !y s]v$ ,him cont9ually4 #e4 ,i am sw>?y1 c4--,oh1 my companions1 virg9 daught]s ( ,i%mael1 d n disda9 & d]ide me on acc\nt ( my blackness1 say+1 ,because ,i am black1 !re=e my ,belov$ left me2 =1 al?\gh ,i am black z reg>ds ! appe>ance ( my face1 l ! t5ts ( ,k$>1 yet ,i am comely & graceful 9 body & /ature1 l ! curta9s ( ,k+ ,solomon1 :i* are becom+ & suitable to royalty4 ,?us ! congregation ( ,israel1 :om ! nations reproa* on acc\nt ( h] s9s & transgressions :i* %e committ$1 answ]s3 ,true1 ,i h s9n$2 & woe to me1 = ,i am w&]+ 9 captivity = x2 yet ,i am comely1 ,i am ( royal blood1 & h ! m]its ( my fa!rs2 & ! ,holy ,"o1 9 ! latt] days1 w re/ore me to my =m] /ate1 & lib]ate me f ! iron furnace ( captivity4 ,! daught]s ( ,j]usalem are ! hea!n4 ,comp>e 8,i w give !m to !e to be ?y daught]s40 ,ezek4 xvi4 #fa4 ,! t5ts ( ,k$> are black1 because ! sons ( ,k$> soj\rn 9 des]ts & dwell 9 t5ts1 & n 9 h\ses4 #ajic-aafh4 ,:ile ,ra%i & ,ra%bam1 by means ( ?is allegorical int]pretation1 assuag$ ! suff]+s ( _! bre?r5 9 ,france & ,g]many1 ! celebrat$ ,abraham ,ibn-,ezra b5 ,mei]1 also call$ ,ibn-,ezra & ,raba1 :o 0 born 9 ,tol$o 9 #ajic1 & di$ 9 #aafh1 #ed adm9i/]$ consolation ?r\gh ! same m$ium to 8 suff]+ bre?r5 9 ,spa91 %ew+ !m t ?is ,song rec\nts ! pa/ wond]ful deal+s ( ,god ) 8 belov$ p f ! v call ( ,abraham1 & ! bless+s res]v$ = !m at ! com+ ( ! ,messiah1 :o %all ga!r !m f among all nations1 & br+ !m back to ! l& fl[+ ) milk & honey4 ,?us ,ibn ,ezra ma9ta9s t 8,?is book is allegorical1 & describes ! hi/ory ( ,israel2 comm5c+ ) ! days ( our ,fa!r1 ,abraham1 & com+ d[n to ! days ( ! ,messiah2 j z ! ,song ( ,moses 7,deut4 xxxii47 beg9s ) ! disp]sion ( ! human family1 & f9i%es ) ! f9al +a!r+ ( ,israel1 aft] ! battle ( ,gog & ,magog4 ,d n wond] t ! ,congregation ( ,israel is "h comp>$ to a bride1 & ! ,"l to a bridegroom2 = ?is is ! mann] ( ! prophets40 7,comp4 ,isa4 v4 #a1 lxii4 #e1 ,ezek4 xvi4 #g1 ,hos4 iii4 #a1 ,psa4 xlv4 #aj47 ,! allegory1 accord+ to ?is di/+ui%$ ,rabbi1 is develop$ 9 ! suppositi\s atta*m5t contract$ betwe5 a damsel :o kept a v9ey>d1 & a %eph]d4 ,! repres5tation ( ! love ( ^! p>ties 8is suppositi\s1 because su* an actual manife/ation1 9 s public a mann] z "h record$1 w\ld be reg>d$ z highly improp]40 #ee 8,! belov$0 repres5ts ,god2 ) ! exception ( viii4 #ab1 :]e ! ,messiah is meant2 8! lov$ "o0 is ! ,congregation ( ,israel2 8! companions ( ! belov$0 are ! pi\s ance/ors2 8! daught]s ( ,j]usalem0 are ! ?\ghts ( ! lov$ "o2 8! little si/]10 9 viii4 #h1 is ! two tribes & a half2 8! speak]10 9 viii4 #ac1 ! %e*9ah2 8! companions10 9 ! same v]se1 are ! angels4 ,! comm5t>y consi/s ( ?ree diff]5t glosses3 9 ! fir/1 ! words are expla9$2 9 ! second1 ! suppositi\s hi/ory ( ! atta*m5t ( ! %eph]d & %eph]dess is develop$2 & 9 ! ?ird gloss1 ! allegory is evolv$ f t hi/ory4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ! gloss :]e ! allegory is prop\nd$4 #b4 ,let him kiss me4--,he 7i4e4 ,solomon7 beg9s ) ,abraham1 = he is ! root ( ! ,jewi% nation4 ,by 8! kisses ( 8 m\?0 are meant ! law & ! comm&m5ts1 z x is writt51 8,abraham obey$ my voice & kept my *>ge1 my comm&m5ts1 my /atutes1 & my laws40 7,g54 xxvi4 #e47 ,d n wond] t ! future 77 is us$ in/ead ( ! pa/2 ?is is ! idiom ( ! sacr$ ,scriptures1 comp>e 1 !n he sang 7,exod4 xv4 #a1 & ,psa4 cvi4 #ai72 j z we f9d ! contr>y1 ! pa/ us$ = ! future 7,psa4 lxxix4 #a74--;,= ?y love1 c4 i4e41 to be lov$ by !e2 z ! ,scriptures te/ify ( ,god's love to 8 p4 ,comp>e 8! se$ ( ,abraham :om ,i love0 7,isa4 xli4 #h72 = !re is a diff]5ce betwe5 1 lov+1 & 1 lov$4 #c4 ,?y p]fumes1 c4--,abraham proclaim$ ! works ( ,god1 & in/ruct$ 8 g5]ation2 & :]ev] he w5t he call$ on ! "n ( ! ,"l2 ?is is ! mean+ ( 8?y "n is p\r$ =? l oil40 ,!re=e d ! damsels love !e4-- are su* z h no husb&s1 & d5ote ! hea!n :o _h no ,god1 & 7 br\ght by ,abraham into union ) ,god2 z x is writt51 8,! s\ls :i* !y _h begott5 9 ,h>an0 7,g54 xii4 #e74 #d4 ,draw me4--,abraham 0 drawn aft] ,god1 & !re=e left 8 native place 7,g54 xii4 #a74 ,! k+ has br\ght me1 c4--,god has br\ght ,abraham into ! l& ( ,canaan2 or x may mean1 ,god has made him wise 9 8 secrets1 & ! words1 we w praise ?y love1 d5ote ! alt>s & groves :i* ,abraham erect$ & plant$ :]ev] he came4 #e4 ,i am sw>?y4--,?is ref]s to ! ,egyptian bondage4 ,al?\gh ,i 7i4e4 ,israel7 am sw>?y because ( "s evil de$s committ$ !re2 yet ,i am comely because ( my adhesion to ! cov5ant & to ! belief 9 ! unity ( ,god4 ,x has g5]ally be5 ov]look$ t ,ibn ,ezra di/9ctly /ates 9 ! second gloss1 9 :i* he pr(esses to give ! lit]al mean+ ( ! n>rative1 t ! lov]s are a %eph]d & a %eph]dess1 & t ! k+ is a sep>ate & di/9ct p]son f ! belov$ %eph]d4 ,?us he expla9s ,*4 i4 #d1 8,i rejoice 9 ,,!e 7! %eph]d7 m ?an if ,,! ,,k+ _h br\ght me into 8 ap>tm5ts40 ,aga91 v]se #ab1 ! %eph]dess says to ! %eph]d1 8,?\gh my fragrance is s sweet t ,,! ,,k+1 :il/ recl9+1 desires to smell my n>d1 yet ,,my ,,belov$ 7! %eph]d71 :o is a bundle ( myrrh1 diffuses a /ill sweet] fragrance40 ,comp>e also ,*4 iii4 #f-aa1 ,*4 vi4 #h1 ,*4 viii4 #aa1 #ab4 ,?is is an important /ep to ! "r und]/&+ ( ! ,book4 ,ibn ,ezra also m5tions t 8,! philosoph]s expla9 ?is book to ref] to ! my/]i\s h>mony ( ! univ]se1 & to ! union ( ! div9e s\l ) ! e>?ly body2 & t o!rs1 aga91 expla9 x lit]ally40 #ef ,9 ref]5ce to ! la/ m5tion$ mode ( int]pretation1 he exclaim$1 8,f> be x6 f> be x6 to ?9k t ! ,song ( ,songs is an amatory composition40 #eg #abjj-abej4 ,! frequ5t m5tion made by ! prec$+ comm5tators ( ! diff]5t views ent]ta9$ respect+ ?is ,song1 w h prep>$ ! read] = ! philosophical int]pretation :i* has be5 adopt$ & def5d$ by a l>ge & influ5tial portion ( ! ,jewi% community4 ,joseph ,ibn ,caspe1 a le>n$ au?or1 :o liv$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & :o wrote expositions on sev]al portions ( ! ,scriptures1 ma9ta9s t 8?is book repres5ts ! union betwe5 ! ,,active ,,intellect 7intellectus ag5s7 & ! ,,receptive ,,mat]ial ,,intellect 7intellectus mat]ialis710 typifi$ by ! belov$ & lov$ "o4 ,z ,caspe's comm5t>y is %ort & exce$+ly r>e1 we give a translation ( x1 & subjo9 ! orig9al 9 ! footnote3-- ,,! ,,comm5t>y ,,( ,,ibn ,,caspe4 #eh ,joseph ,caspe sai?3 ,hav+ comm5t$ on ,ecclesia/es & ,prov]bs1 :i* ,solomon ( bless$ memory has 9 wisdom compos$1 x behoves u also to write a few words on ! ,song ( ,songs1 :i* is likewise ! composition ( ,solomon ( bless$ memory4 ,i ne$ n1 h[ev]1 expla9 ! words1 s9ce !y h be5 expla9$ long be=e me4 ,i %all1 !re=e1 conf9e my rem>ks to ! design ( ! book 9 g5]al1 & n[ & !n make "s obs]vations 9 p>ticul>4 ,! g5]al design ( ?is book1 h[ev]1 is n my discov]y2 ! lum9>y 7,maimonides7 t %one ^u ! e>? has enlight5$ our eyes also ^u ?is subject :5 treat+ ^u x1 especially 9 "p iii4 c4 #ea 7( ! ,m ,nebo*im72 & 8 h9t !re is suffici5t = u & = su* z ourselves4 ,i !re=e submit t ?is book und\bt$ly belongs to ! second k9d ( p>ables :i* ! tea*] ( bless$ memory 7,maimonides7 m5tions 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 book1 9 :i* all ! words us$ 9 ! comp>ison mu/ n be appli$ to ! ?+ comp>$1 j z 9 ! case !re quot$1 :i* treats on ! subject ( a belov$ & lov$ "o1 l ! book be=e u1 ) ! only diff]5ce t ! in/ance !re adduc$ ref]s to ! union ( matt] & m9d1 & ?is book repres5ts ! union betwe5 ! active intellect & ! receptive1 mat]ial intellect1 :i* latt] is divid$ into f\r p>ts1 ! highe/ ( :i* is ! imp>t$ intellect4 ,) all ! p>ticul>s ( ?is book1 ,solomon m]ely design$ to h9t at ! subject 9 g5]al4 ,x is mo/ c]ta9 t he calls "h ! highe/ ord] ( ! human intellect 8! faire/ ( wom510 & ! active intellect 8! graceful lov]20 frequ5tly ! :ole intellectual m9d is meant by ! latt] phrase1 = ?is is ! mean+ dem&$ 9 sev]al places ( ?is ,book4 ,x is well kn[n t ! active intellect 7intellectus ag5s7 /irs up or br+s ! receptive intellect 7intellectus mat]ialis7 f a possibility into activity1 z x is kn[n to ! philosoph]s2 & t ! receptive intellect requires to seek aft] ?is2 z x is writt51 8,if ?\ wilt seek x1 x %all be f\nd ( !e40 ,hav+ expla9$ ! g5]al design1 we ne$ n dwell ^u ! p>ticul>s2 ! design is indicat$ 9 a few passages only1 :il/ ! :ole is treat$ 9 accordance ) ! tra9 ( a poetical composition & logical sci5ce2 & ?is ,solomon decl>es 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! book by say+ 8,! ,song ( ,songs40 ,x is1 moreov]1 kn[n t ,solomon compos$ ?ree books :i* we possess2 & z ! prophets ( bless$ memory spoke 9 ?ree diff]5t k9ds ( ways2 ! "o1 9 a pla9 mann]1 conta9+ no?+ beyond ! obvi\s & lit]al s5se1 :i* is call$ all silv]2 ! second entirely symbolical1 hav+ no lit]al mean+ :atev]1 b consi/+ ( m]e allegories or p>ables1 :i* is call$ all gold2 & ! ?ird compris+ bo? ! figurative & ! lit]al1 :i* is call$ apples ( gold 7"u plates ( silv]72 s ,solomon wrote ! ?ree books--,ecclesia/es1 :i* belongs to ! fir/ k9d2 ! ,song ( ,songs to ! second2 & ,prov]bs to ! ?ird4 ,rememb] ^! di/9ctions1 & obs]ve h[ we are 9 dang] at e /ep to mi/ake 9 ! ,law1 ,hagiography1 & ,prophets1 "o = ! o!r1 & ?us *ange life into dea?4 ,& ?is leads u to commit "o ( two errors2 we ei!r put into ! words a ?+ :i* is false1 or1 to say ! lea/1 make ! au?or say :at he did n int5d2 9 su* a case1 our words c no m be call$ a comm5t>y1 b =m a sep>ate composition or a book = !mselves4 ,i only call t a comm5t>y :i* ?or\ghly comes up to ! design ( ! au?or ( ! book4 ,! appe>ance1 h[ev]1 ( ea* book ( ! ,bible w indicate to a judici\s1 cle>-head$1 & intellectual man1 :e!r x belongs to ! "o or ! o!r ( ! above-m5tion$ classes4 ,we _c "h give rules :]eby to te/ ?is2 x is suffici5t to say t tru? is h] own witness4 ,!re is ano!r important rem>k to be made1 viz41 t allusions are made 9 ?is book to ! writ+s ( ,moses1 z1 inde$1 ,solomon has made 9 8 o!r books4 ,?is all ! prophets h done1 9 ord] to expla9 expressions & synonyms :i* occur 9 ! ,law ( ,moses1 especially :5 ref]r+ to t "p ( ! ,law :i* treats on ! ,creation & ! ,*>iot1 ! *ief objects ( ! ,law4 ,we mu/ /udy deeply to und]/& ! wond]ful works ( ! prophets1 & aft] !m1 ! rabb9s ( bless$ memory1 9 _! respective books2 = :5 !y int5d$ to be pr(\nd1 !y did n m5tion ! same t]ms employ$ 9 ! ,law1 b *ang$ !m = o!r expressions :i* are some:at synonym\s ) ^? 9 ! =m]1 e4g41 1 1 w9e1 v9e1 v9ey>d1 c4 ,f ?is arose ! great hyp]bole 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,rabb9s ( bless$ memory1 = wisdom 0 n hid f !m4 ,b ?is is n necess>y "h4 ,! above rem>ks w suffice = ?is book accord+ to our design4 ,praise be to ,god1 & bless$ be 8 "n6 ,am54 ,moses ,ibn ,tibbon1 a celebrat$ writ] ( ! same age1 wrote an elaborate comm5t>y 9 :i* he ma9ta9s ! same view t 8! ,song ( ,songs repres5ts ! union ( ! ,,receptive or ,,mat]ial ,,intellect ) ! ,,active ,,intellect40 ,?is comm5t>y has n be5 pr9t$4 ,a defective ,,ms4 conta9+ ! ,preface1 :i* is v copi\s1 is to be f\nd 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ,h>leian ,collection1 ,no4 #egig2 & a complete ,,ms4 is 9 ! possession ( ! ,bodleian ,libr>y at ,ox=d4 #abgb-acej4 ,! mo/ p[]ful & +5i\s def5d] ( ?is view is ,immanuel b5 ,solomon4 ,?is mo/ *>m+ ,hebrew writ]1 :o is poetically call$ 1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,sci5ce 9 ,rome1 0 born 9 ,rome1 9 #abgb1 :]e he 0 ! spiritual head ( ! ,jewi% community1 & :]e he di$1 9 ! fir/ half ( ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,z ,immanuel gives an analysis ( ?is mode ( int]pretation 9 8 exposition on ! fir/ v]se1 & z ?is comm5t>y has n be5 publi%$1 we give a translation ( ?is v]se1 :i* w enable ! read] to see h[ ?is mode ( int]pretation is appli$ to ! :ole book4 ,! ,,ms4 us$ = ?is purpose is 9 ! possession ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 ,h>l4 ,col41 ,no4 #egig4 #ei ,! ,song ( ,songs4--,immanuel b5 ,r4 ,solomon ( bless$ memory1 sai?1 ,ackn[l$g+ ! goodness ( ! ,"l1 ,i agree ) ! op9ion ( our ,rabb9s1 t ?is book is ! mo/ sublime ( all ! ,books giv5 by inspiration4 ,expositors1 h[ev]1 diff] 9 its int]pretation1 & _! op9ions are divid$1 accord+ to ! div]sity ( _! k4 ,!re are "s--b ^! are su* z g no fur!r ?an ! mat]ial _w1 & t :i* _! eye sees1 look+ =w>d to ! good ( ?is _w & its glory1 to ! great rew>d ( _! lab\rs & a recomp5se f ,god1 desir+ to be re/or$ to _! greatness1 & to ! l& fl[+ ) milk & honey1 & to h _! /oma*s fill$ ) ! fle% ( ! ,levia?an1 & ! be/ ( w9es pres]v$ 9 its grapes--su* m5 int]pret ?is sublime song z hav+ ref]5ce to ! hi/ory ( ! ,patri>*s1 _! go+ d[n to ,egypt1 _! ,exodus f !nce ) a mighty h& & out/ret*$ arm1 ! giv+ ( ! ,law1 ! entry into ! l& ( ,canaan1 ! settlem5t ( ,israel 9 x1 _! captivity1 re/oration1 ! build+ ( ! second ,temple1 ! pres5t disp]sion1 & _! f9al +a!r+ :i* is to take place4 ,su* int]pret]s reg>d ?is book1 :i* is holy ( holies1 z "s common book1 or hi/orical record ( any ( ! k+s1 :i* is ( v little use1 & ! read+ ( :i* is only a loss ( "t4 ,b !re are o!r sages & div9es1 :o h atta9$ to "k ! value ( true wisdom2 !y are sep>at$ f ! mat]ial _w1 despise ! m]e temporal ?+s1 he>tily desire to "k ! c\rts ( ! ,"l1 & h a foot+ 9 ! ,j]usalem :i* is above1 & ) he>t & fle% s+ to ! liv+ ,god2 ^! h put (f ! g>m5ts ( folly1 & clo!d !mselves 9 ! robes ( wisdom1 & :ile se>*+ aft] ! my/]ies ( ?is preci\s book ?r\gh ! op5+s ( ! figures ( silv]1 glanc$ at gold5 apples ( ! allegory conceal$ 9 x4 ,!y1 9 ! vessel ( _! und]/&+1 trav]s$ its sea1 & br\ght to light f ! dep?1 ! reality ( ! book4 ,?us !y h decl>$ t ! book 0 compos$ to expla9 ! possibility ( a reunion ) ! incorporeal m9d1 :i* =ms ! p]ceptive faculty1 & influ5ces x ) abundant goodness4 ,! %eph]ds1 accord+ly1 repres5t ! corporeal intellect :i* longs aft] ! influ5ce ( ! active intellect1 & desires to be l x1 z mu* z possible1 to cleave to x1 & to come up to its /&+1 :i* is ! ultimate end ( its purpose4 ,^! le>n$ div9es above m5tion$ h exp\nd$ ! design ( ! book 9 g5]al1 & expla9$ "s ( its v]ses indirectly2 b !y did n expla9 x 9 regul> ord] f beg9n+ to end1 till ! celebrat$ sage1 ,r4 ,moses ,ibn ,tibbon1 came & expla9$ ! book accord+ to wisdom1 & 8 exposition is1 inde$1 full ( wisdom & excell5cy4 ,z he1 h[ev]1 pass$ by sev]al p>ticul>s1 n notic+ _! design1 our wise contempor>ies1 read+ ! writ+ ( t le>n$ au?or1 & wi%+ to ent] m fully into all its p>ts1 insi/$1 ) a comm& ( love1 t ,i %\ld write a complete comm5t>y on ! book1 keep+ ! same pa? ! le>n$ au?or has po9t$ out1 br++ out all its p>ticul>s1 & mak+ discov]ies n m5tion$ 9 ! said book1 also pay+ att5tion to its lit]al mean+1 z f> z ,god may enable me4 ,see+ _! entreaties1 & reg>d+ x a duty to yield to _! wi%es1 ,i ga!r$ /r5g?1 & made ! comm5t>y on ! book1 accord+ to my feeble abilities4 ,i kept ! plan ( ! said au?or1 m5tion$ "s ( 8 words1 & alt]$ o!rs1 sometimes add+ to1 & at o!r times dim9i%+ f :at he said1 z ,i 0 l$ by ! heav5ly ,fa!r4 ,?us ,i beg94 ,x appe>s necess>y fir/ to m5tion ! design ( ! book 9 g5]al1 & its division into sections4 ,i submit t all truly wise m5 :o comm5t$ ^u ?is book philosophically1 saw cle>ly t x is divisible into ?ree pr9cipal sections4 ,! fir/ section ext5ds f *ap4 i4 #b1 to ii4 #ag4 ,! second section ext5ds f *ap4 iii4 #a1 to v4 #a4 ,& ! ?ird f *ap4 v4 #b1 to ! end ( ! book4 ,^! ?ree sections1 moreov]1 ref] to ?ree diff]5t k9ds ( m54 ,! fir/ section--,*ap4 i4 #b1-;ii4 #ag1--repres5ts man1 :o ei!r ideally or actually1 0 9 ! g>d5 ( ,ed5 be=e he s9n$1 & br\ght into activity 8 *oice = good & evil2 z x is writt51 8,& ! ,"l ,god plant$ a g>d5 ea/w>d 9 ,ed52 & !re he put ! man :om he _h =m$4 ,& out ( ! gr\nd made ! ,"l ,god to gr[ e tree t is pleasant to ! sight & good = food2 ! tree ( life also 9 ! mid/ ( ! g>d51 & ! tree ( k ( good & evil0 7,g54 ii4 #h1 #i74 ,! ,"l p]mitt$1 or comm&$ him to eat ( all ! fruit ( ! g>d52 b ,he po9t$ out to him "o tree ( :i* he 0 n to eat1 le/ he %\ld die2 z x is said1 8,b ( ! tree ( ! k ( good & evil1 ?\ %alt n eat ( x3 = 9 ! day t ?\ eate/ !re( ?\ %alt surely die0 7,g54 ii4 #ag74 ,& if1 z man1 he _h ! *oice to eat ( ! tree ( life1 he might h eat5 & liv$ = ev]1 )\t mortification or tr\ble2 z x is writt51 8,behold1 ,i h set be=e !e life & good1 & dea? & evil3 *oose1 !re=e1 ( ! life1 t ?\ maye/ live0 7,deut4 xxx4 #ae74 ,?is repres5ts "o :o endeav\rs to le>n wisdom 9 its ord]1 b is afraid le/ he %\ld be t]rifi$ :5 look+ up to ,god1 see+ t 8 fruit is n yet ripe4 ,?is is ! mean+ ( :at is said 9 ! section1 8,turn1 my belov$1 & be ?\ l a gazelle or a "y h9d ^u ! m\nta9s ( sep>ation0 7,song ( ,songs ii4 #ag72 & aga91 8,cat* u ! foxes1 ! little foxes1 t de/roy ! v9ey>ds2 = our v9ey>ds are 9 blossom0 7ibid4 #ae74 ,?is tea*es t ! fruit 0 n yet ripe4 ,!re is no m5tion 9 ?is fir/ section t ! %eph]dess did eat ( ! fruit4 ,h] say+1 8,i desir$ to sit d[n "u its %ade1 & its fruit is sweet to my ta/e0 7,song ( ,songs ii4 #c71 m]ely decl>es h] desire1 :i* is evid5t f ! ^w 4 ,! expression is "h us$ 9 ! s5se ( words1 wisdom1 & in/ruction4 ,! :ole1 !re=e1 ( ! fir/ section ref]s to ! m9d ( man :5 /ill "y1 prior to its develop+ ! end = :i* its exi/5ce 0 design$1 & :5 ! p[]s ( ! body h /ill ! dom9ion ov] x1 = he has n pursu$ 8 /udies f>!r ?an ma!matics & physics4 ,?is fir/ section is aga9 subdivid$ into two p>ts4 ,! fir/ "p beg9s *ap4 i4 #b1 & ends ii4 #g1 & repres5ts "o :o fe>s ,god & %uns evil2 b 8 k ( ,god is d]iv$ f tradition1 & has no wisdom ( 8 own4 ,& ! second "p 7*ap4 ii4 #h to iii4 #a7 repres5ts "o :o has /udi$ ma!matics & physics4 ,! second section 7*ap4 iii4 #a1 v4 #a7 repres5ts "o :o has f\nd ! virtu\s woman ^: desire is to h] husb&1 & :o seeks h] belov$ :ile ^u h] c\*1 & 9 :om h] husb& may safely tru/2 t is1 a m9d :i* has br\ght out its possibility into reality1 & has1 z x 71 /ret*$ out its h& & tak5 ( ! tree ( life1 & eat51 & lives = ev]4 ,?is is meant by ! decl>ation 9 ?is section1 8,sc>cely _h ,i pass$ !m1 :5 ,i f\nd him :om my s\l love?4 ,i seiz$ him1 & w\ld n let him g1 till ,i br\ght him into ! h\se ( my "m1 into ! ap>tm5t ( h] t gave me bir?0 7,song ( ,songs iii4 #d74 ,! nuptials1 too1 are m5tion$1 & ! day ( ! gladness ( 8 he>t 7iii4 #aa71 :i* is ! true spiritual nuptial day & union4 ,x is also /at$ t he _h a c\*1 z x is said1 8,behold ! c\* ( ,solomon0 7iii4 #g71 z well z a palanqu91 & 0 fit = royalty4 ,he is1 moreov]1 call$ "h ,k+ ,solomon1 :]eas1 9 ! rema9d]1 he is m]ely call$ ,solomon1 or ,%ulamite1 9 ! fem99e1 to d5ote ! effem9ate /ate4 ,! belov$ also decl>es t he _h f\nd 8 lov$ "o a clos$ g>d51 & t h] bran*es are an or*>d ( pomegranates ) delici\s fruit3 7iv4 #ab1 #ac71 t is1 ?\gh mo/ ( !m are g5]ally s\r1 "h1 h[ev]1 !y are sweet1 pleasant1 & ripe3 he affirms t %e is altoge!r beautiful1 & !re is no blemi% 9 h] 7v]4 #g71 & calls h] bride six times1 :i* he has n done be=e2 = %e is 8 true wife1 de> to him above all4 ,%e !re=e asks h] belov$ to 8come to 8 g>d51 & eat ( 8 pleasant fruit0 7iv4 #af71 :i* befits him4 ,?is is ! import ( ! words1 8,?y %oots are an or*>d ( pomegranates ) mo/ delici\s fruit0 7iv4 #ac73 :]eby1 h[ev]1 x mu/ n be und]/ood t %e w give to h] husb&1 & make him eat ( ! fruit1 :i* prop]ly belongs to ! woman1 :o li/5$ to ! words ( ! s]p5t1 & 0 beguil$ by him4 ,! belov$ decl>es t he did come to 8 g>d51 & ate & drank1 & also caus$ 8 fri5ds to eat & dr9k1 & t !y indulg$ toge!r 9 a sumptu\s fea/2 = 8:5 ! righte\s h ! rule1 ! city rejoice?0 7,prov4 xi4 #aj74 ,?is is ! mean+ ( ! words1 8,i h come into my g>d51 my si/]1 my sp\se3 ,i h ga!r$ my myrrh ) my spice2 ,i h eat5 my honeycomb ) my honey2 ,i h drunk my w9e ) my milk3 eat1 ,o ye fri5ds1 dr9k1 yea1 dr9k abundantly1 ,o belov$60 7v4 #a47 ,he1 z x 71 s5t =? & took ( ! tree ( life1 & did eat & liv$ = ev]1 )\t any tr\ble or h9d]ance2 = he pass$ ?r\gh all ! ?ree 7degrees7 9 prop] ord]1 he w5t 9 & out 9 peace3 t is1 he pass$ ?r\gh all ! degrees1 & f9i%$ _! prop] c\rse1 )\t do+ any mis*ief or committ+ any error2 & 8 c>nal p[]s1 :i* are ! wat*m5 :o walk 9 ! city1 & especially 8 intellectual p[]s1 :i* are ^? t wat* ! walls1 are all pr(itable1 & po9t out to ! m9d ! "r way1 & nev] mislead1 nor h9d]1 nor delay its c\rse4 ,%e !n asks ( ! wat*m51 8,h y se5 him :om my s\l love?80 7iii4 #c17 = !y 7i4e41 ! wat*m51 :o repres5t ! bodily & intellectual p[]s7 are upright1 & _! k is p]fect1 &1 z x 71 !y see & guide2 yet !y did n answ] h]1 = x is n 9 _! nature to tea*4 ,b no soon] _h %e pass$ !m1 & 0 at a di/ance f !m1 ?an %e f\nd h] belov$1 & 0 unit$ to him1 z x is said1 8,sc>cely _h ,i pass$ !m1 :5 ,i f\nd him :om my s\l love?4 ,i seiz$ him1 & w\ld n let him g till ,i br\ght him into ! h\se ( my "m1 & into ! ap>tm5t ( h] t gave me bir?0 7iii4 #d72 :]eupon !y made !mselves a c\* & a palanqu91 rejoic+1 & fea/+1 & banquet+1 z we h already expla9$4 ,?is second section is also subdivid$ into two p>ts2 ! fir/ is f iii4 #a to v]se #f1 & ! second f iii4 #f to v4 #b2 ! second "p is epexegetical ( ! fir/4 ,! ?ird section 7v4 #b1 viii4 #ad inclusive7 repres5ts a man :o has a s9ful wife t has be5 beguil$ by ! c>nal appetites1 & has li/5$ to !m1 & eat5 ( ! tree ( k ( good & evil1 & giv5 also to h] husb& ) h] & he has eat54 ,m>k "h ! expression ) h] 771 = man _c eat ( x unless ) h]2 = s9ce ,god has n reveal$ x to man1 & w n2 & man1 inde$1 has no access to x1 except ?r\gh ! woman2 = %e f9ds x & takes x up2 & %e is ! "o :o pursues aft] pleasure1 & is drawn aft] s5sual lu/4 ,b %e does n seek = h] husb& :5 retir+ to b$1 nor does %e wait = him2 b1 undress+ h]self1 & wa%+ h] feet1 & p]fum+ h] f+]s ) myrrh1 :i* is temporal in/ead ( et]nal o9tm5t1 falls asleep1 & is ev5 too lazy to op5 :5 h] belov$ knocks at ! door1 say+1 8,op5 to me1 my si/]1 my sp\se1 c40 ,h] husb&1 h[ev]1 influ5ces h]1 & %e rep5ts1 z %e 0 n 9 a deep sleep1 h] he>t be+ awake1 & %e op5s = h] husb& 9 spite ( h] great laz9ess2 b h] belov$ )drew1 & w5t away4 ,%e !n s\ght him1 & f\nd him n2 %e call$ him1 b he answ]$ h] n4 ,! gu>ds ( ! wall & ! patrol ( ! city f\nd h]1 & smote h]1 & w\nd$ h]1 & /ripp$ h] ( h] cloak2 t is1 !y misdirect$ h]1 _h h9d]$ h] f gett+ to h] belov$2 = s9 once ta/$ is h>d to =sake4 ,z x is n m5tion$ 9 ! case ( ,adam1 aft] be+ driv5 f ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 t he ev] t\*$ ) 8 h&1 & took ( ! tree ( life1 & 0 cur$1 ?\gh x 0 op5 = him to d s2 = x is writt51 8,& n[1 le/ he put =? 8 h&1 & take also ( ! tree ( life1 & eat1 & live = ev]0 7,g54 iii4 #bb72 by :i* is meant1 w\ld t he %\ld d s1 = ! ,"l loves righte\sness1 & he is n a ,god desir+ condemnation2 z x is writt51 8,z ,i live1 sai? ! ,"l ,god1 ,i h no pleasure 9 ! dea? ( ! wick$2 b t ! wick$ turn f 8 way & live40 7,ezek4 xxxiii4 #aa47 ,yet x is n /at$ 9 ! ,scriptures t aft] ! fall he ev] ate ( ! tree ( life4 ,?is is1 p]haps1 a h9t t x is almo/ impossible = "o :o once has eat5 ( ! tree ( k ( good & evil1 t he %\ld aft]w>ds eat ( ! tree ( life4 8,= ! difficulty ( unit+ a c\ple a second "t is z great z divid+ ! ,r$ ,sea10 :i* 0 sup]natural1 al?\gh x is inde$ n impossible4 ,?us ,solomon left ! ?+ unexpla9$2 & ?\gh he m5tion$ h[ !y long$ = ea* o!r aft] _! sep>ation1 & h[ !y prais$ "o ano!r 9 ! mann] ( lov]s1 yet !y are n any m f\nd unit$1 or to h a nuptial c\*1 a palanqu91 fea/ & joy1 z a husb& & wife2 nay1 at ! conclusion we ev5 f9d ! belov$ reprov+ h]1 say+1 8,neighb\rs he> ?y voice10 x be+ improp] = a woman to let h] voice be he>d by "y m51 = !re is di%on\r 9 a woman's voice4 ,he !re=e asks h] to let h] voice be he>d by him only1 & n by o!rs4 ,b %e boldly repli$1 8,ha/e1 my belov$1 & be l ! gazelle or ! "y fawn ^u ! m\nta9s ( aromatics20 z if ! neighb\rs 7 h] husb&s1 & h] husb& a p>am\r :o mu/ conceal himself1 & run away1 le/ !y meet him4 ,?is section also is subdivid$ into two p>ts3 ! fir/ is f v4 #b to viii4 #e1 & ! second f viii4 #e1 to ! end ( ! book2 ! second "p be+ epexegetical ( ! fir/4 ,! above is ! division ( ! ,book 9 accordance ) ! le>n$1 :o wrote expositions on x4 ,?is union ( ! active ) ! passive intellect is repres5t$ by ! s9c]e & ard5t atta*m5t =m$ betwe5 a humble %eph]d & %eph]dess1 ! lit]al hi/ory ( :i* ,immanuel beautifully expla9s be=e he attempts to palm ^u x 8 philosophical !ory4 ,x is ( importance to notice1 t ?is di/+ui%$ poet also takes ! h]o & h]o9e ( ! plot to be a %eph]d & a %eph]dess1 & reg>ds ,solomon z a sep>ate p]son1 :om ! ru/ic maid5 adduces 9 illu/ration ( h] deep & s9c]e love to h] %eph]d1 affirm+1 t if ?is great k+ 7 to br+ h] into 8 c\rt1 & (f] h] all its gr&eur & luxuries1 %e w\ld /ill rejoice 9 h] humble lov]4 ,! comm5t>y conta9s valuable philological rem>ks1 & excell5t explanations ( "s ( ! poetical similes4 ,pity x has nev] be5 publi%$4 #abhh-acgj4 ,levi b5 ,g]%on1 also call$ ,leon de ,banolas & ,ralbag1 a le>n$ & influ5tial expositor1 :o 0 born 9 #abhh1 & di$ ab\t #acgj #fj1 def5ds ! same philosophical !ory4 ,8 comm5t>y1 :i* is v l5g?y1 is publi%$ 9 ! ,am/]dam ,rabb9ical ,bible #agbd4 ,x w be rememb]$1 t allusion has be5 made by prec$+ comm5tators1 to "s :o reject$ ! allegorical int]pretation1 & took ?is book 9 its lit]al s5se4 ,a manuscript comm5t>y1 9 ! possession ( ! ,bodleian ,libr>y1 ,ox=d1 ,opp5heim ,collection1 ,no4 #fbe1 int]prets ?is ,song z celebrat+ ! virtu\s love contract$ betwe5 a humble %eph]d & %eph]dess2 & likewise reg>ds ,solomon z a di/9ct p]son1 :om ! %eph]dess adduces 9 illu/ration ( h] deep & s9c]e atta*m5t to h] belov$1 affirm+1 t if ?is great k+ 7 to (f] h] all ! spl5d\r & luxury ( 8 c\rt to transf] h] affections1 %e w\ld spurn all1 & rema9 fai?ful to h] humble %eph]d4 ,?is comm5t>y has no title-page1 :i* r5d]s x impossible to asc]ta9 ! "n ( its au?or or its exact age4 ,f ! ,fr5* expressions1 h[ev]1 occurr+ 9 x1 & f its /yle & appe>ance1 x is evid5t t ?is comm5t>y 0 writt5 by a ,fr5* ,jew 9 at lea/ ! twelf? or ?irte5? c5tury4 ,! h&writ+ is peculi>ly bad1 & v mu* effac$2 b ! valuable rem>ks x conta9s1 bo? on ! v]bal difficulties & poetical figures ( ?is book1 w\ld amply repay any ,hebrew s*ol> = publi%+ x1 & w\ld be a boon to ,biblical & ,hebrew lit]ature4 #acej4 ,s num]\s & div]se 7 ! int]pretations ( ?is ,song 9 ! middle ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 t ,r4 ,isaac ,sehula1 hav+ be5 solicit$ by 8 fri5ds to comm5t ^u x1 consult$ ! exi/+ expositions1 b f9d+ himself s confus$ by _! conflict+ !ories1 z "s expla9$ x lit]ally1 o!rs ref]r$ x to ! union ( ! body ) ! s\l1 o!rs aga9 exp\nd$ x accord+ to ! ,m$ra%1 & o!rs aga9 affirm$1 t x repres5ts ! union ( ! active ) ! passive intellect1 he felt x necess>y to reject !m all1 & advanc$ a new !ory1 viz41 t ?is book repres5ts ! love ( ! p ( ,israel to _! ,god4 #fa #acfj-agcj4 ,= a space ( ab\t f\r hundr$ ye>s1 ! battle-field 0 simultane\sly occupi$ by all ! p>ties :o /r5u\sly def5d$ ^? diff]5t views4 ,?us1 ! comm5t>y ,%e> ,ja%ub1 :i* 0 pr9t$ toge!r ) t ( ,saadias & ,caspe1 & ,mei] ,arma1 :o 0 born 9 ,s>agossa ab\t ! ye> #adge1 & ^: comm5t>y is publi%$ 9 ! ,am/]dam ,rabb9ical ,bible1 #agbd1 ma9ta9 ! philosophical int]pretation ( ?is ,song4 ,:il/ ,isaac ,arma1 ! fa!r ( ,mei] ,arma1 ,obadiah ,s=no1 a physician1 div9e1 & comm5tator1 :o di$ 9 #aeej1 #fb & ^: comm5t>y is publi%$ 9 ! ,am/]dam ,rabb4 ,bible1 ,moses ,cordov]o1 born 9 #aebb1 & di$ #aegj1 #fc ^: comm5t>y has n be5 publi%$1 ,abraham ,levi1 ^: comm5t>y has be5 pr9t$1 toge!r ) t ( ,ibn ,%oeb1 ,sabionnetta 9 ,italy1 #eeh1 #fd ,eli%a ,gali*o1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! second half ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 #fe & ^: comm5t>y 0 publi%$ #aehg1 ,v5ice1 & 8 contempor>y1 ,moses ,al%e*1 #ff ^: comm5t>y 0 publi%$ 9 #aeia1 ,v5ice1 are ! combatants = ! o!r views4 ,:ile ?is sev]e /ruggle 0 c>ri$ on betwe5 ! conflict+ p>ties = ! ma9t5ance ( _! respective views1 ano!r *ampion ent]$ ! battle-field1 occupy+ & def5d+ ano!r position4 ,x 0 no less a p]sonage ?an ! celebrat$ ,don ,isaac ,abravanel1 :o affirm$ t ! ,bride ( ! ,song repres5ts ,wisdom1 ) :om ,solomon conv]ses4 #fg ,8 son1 ,leon ,hebru1 def5d$ ! same view4 #fh #agbi-aghf4 ,) ,moses ,m5delssohn1 a new era comm5c$ 9 ,biblical exegesis1 & 9 ,hebrew lit]ature g5]ally4 ,?is di/+ui%$ philosoph] translat$ ! ,song ( ,songs1 :i* 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 ,b]l91 #aghh1 ) an introduction & comm5t>y by 8 colleagues ,lwe & ,wolfssohn4 ,?\gh !y did n deem _! age prep>$ = ! rejection ( ! allegorical int]pretation1 ^! comm5tators di/9ctly /at$1 t z s _m ( ! ,rabb9s h writt5 ^u ?is book1 & def5d$ su* v>i\s & conflict+ views1 !y que/ion$ :e!r any 7 "r1 & affirm$ t ! lit]al explanation is p>am\nt1 & !re=e conf9$ !mselves 9 ! comm5t>y to ! lit]al & philological s5se1 ref]r+ ^? :o are fond ( labyr9?s to ! writ+s ( ,ra%i1 ,rabe1 ,arma1 c4 ,see+ t ?is book describes ! love ( a %eph]d & a %eph]dess1 & also speaks ( a k+1 ( humble rural life1 z well z ( c\rtly spl5d\r1 & unable to acc\nt = x1 ,lwe & ,wolfssohn divid$ x into sep>ate songs1 "s celebrat+ ! love betwe5 a %eph]d & %eph]dess1 o!rs describ+ ! same betwe5 ! k+ & 8 pr9ces1 & o!rs aga9 n speak+ ( t passion at all4 #agih-ahba4 ,lwisohn1 born 9 #agih1 & di$ 9 #ahba1 0 ! fir/ :o recognis$ & elucidat$ ! true design ( ?is book4 ,?is sweet s+] ( mod]n ,israel %[s t ! ,song ( ,songs celebrates ! victory ( true & virtu\s love 9 humble life ov] ! temptations ( royalty2 t ?is book records ! virtu\s atta*m5t ( a %eph]dess to a %eph]d2 t ! ru/ic maid5 hav+ be5 tempt$ by ! wise/ & mo/ celebrat$ k+ to transf] h] affections1 spurn$ e allurem5t1 & rema9$ fai?ful to h] humble lov]4 #fi #ahcb4 ,x is surpris+ t ! pr(\nd & le>n$ ,zunz1 #gj did n foll[ up ! rem>ks ( ,lwisohn2 b reg>d$ ?is ,song z an epi?alamium4 #ga #ahdh4 ,?is view1 h[ev]1 has n ga9$ gr\nd among ! ,jews2 & ,dr4 ,salomon ,h]xheim]1 *ief ,rabbi ( ,anhalt-,b]nburg1 9 8 translation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ) annotations1 foll[s ! op9ion ( ,lwisohn4 #gb ,8 op9ion is t 8! ,song ( ,songs celebrates ard5t & virtu\s love :i* resi/s all allurem5ts4 ,! ,%ulamite1 a ru/ic maid5 w>mly atta*$ to a "y %eph]d1 is tak5 aga9/ h] w to ! c\rt ( ,k+ ,solomon4 ,! k+ (f]s ev]y?+ to w9 h] affections1 b %e does n suff] h]self to be dazzl$ ei!r by ! royal c\rt1 or by ! sweet flatt]ies ( ! k+ himself1 & rema9s fai?ful to h] abs5t lov]40 #ahed4 ,dr4 ,philippson1 ,rabbi ( ,magdeburg1 prop\nd$ ! same view4 #gc ,! design ( ! book is to %[ t true & virtu\s love is inv9cible1 & is n to be b\ght1 b is a flame ( ,god 7,*4 viii4 #f1 #g71 exemplifi$ 9 ! conduct ( a humble %eph]dess1 :o be+ atta*$ to a %eph]d1 0 tempt$ by ,k+ ,solomon to transf] h] affection1 b :o ov]came all allurem5ts1 & rema9$ fai?ful to h] lov]4 ,! two la/-m5tion$ ,rabb9s1 by virtue ( _! high position & great le>n+1 may be reg>d$ z repres5t+ ! view n[ g5]ally ent]ta9$ by ! ,jews respect+ ! ,song ( ,songs4 #gd #ahe-bed4 ,we come n[ to ! ,*ri/ian ,expositors ( ?is book1 :om we %all introduce 9 ! same *ronological ord]1 & ( ^: views a concise explanation w be giv54 ,! fir/ ( ^! is ,orig51 :o has be5 ju/ly celebrat$ = 8 g5ius & ext5sive acquirem5ts4 ,he 0 born 9 ,alex&ria 9 #ahe1 & di$ 9 ,tyros 9 #bed4 ,8 comm5t>ies ^u ,scripture are v ext5sive1 & ?\gh conta9+ mu* t is valuable1 ab\nd ) fanciful allegories & inexplicable my/]ies4 ,8 atta*m5t to ! ,platonic philosophy drew him aside f ! simplicity ( inspir$ tru?1 & 8 in/ruction 9 ,hebrew by ,r4 ,hillel1 #ge imbu$ him ) ,hagadic int]pretations ( ! sacr$ text4 ,8 comm5t>y ^u ! ,song ( ,songs 0 v volum9\s1 ( :i* fragm5ts only rema91 b ^! are ( a v elaborate k9d1 & suffici5t to reveal 8 :ole design4 ,he admits an hi/orical s5se z an epi?alamium on ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ,ph>aoh's daught]1 #gf b 9 him we meet ) a full exhibition ( ! allegorical allusion to ! m>riage union ( ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*1 :i* has be5 adopt$ by ! majority ( expositors to ! pres5t day4 ,he says1 8,bless$ is he :o ent]s ! holy place1 b m bless$ is he :o ent]s ! holy ( holies2 bless$ is he :o keeps ! ,sabba?1 b m bless$ is he :o keeps ! ,sabba? ( ,sabba?s2 s bless$ is he :o s+s holy songs1 b m bless$ is he :o s+s ! ,song ( ,songs40 ,he f9ds 9 x f\r di/9ct p>ties2 a bridegroom & bride ) _! sep>ate companions4 ,by 8! bridegroom10 we are to und]/& ,*ri/1 by 8! bride10 ! ,*ur*1 by 8! companions0 ( ! =m]1 angels & sa9ts 9 heav51 & by 8! maid5s0 ( ! latt]1 believ]s on ! e>?4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ,orig5's me?od ( int]pretation3-- #b1 #c4 ,let him kiss me1 c4 ,?is is ! suppliant voice ( ! bride1 ( :i* ! mean+ is1 8,h[ long w my bridegroom s5d kisses by ,moses & kisses by ! ,prophets8 ,i want to t\* 8 lips4 ,let him come10 %e says to ! fa!r ( ! bridegroom1 8& give me kisses ( 8 m\?40 ,! fa!r he>s & s5ds 8 son2 %e see+ him ne> says1 8,h[ good are ?y brea/s above w9e1 & ! od\r ( ?y p]fum]y above all sweet spices40 ,! bridegroom ,*ri/1 s5t by ! ,fa!r1 comes ano9t$ to ! ,sp\se1 :o says to him1 8,?\ love/ righte\sness & hate/ wick$ness3 !re=e ,god1 ?y ,god1 ha? ano9t$ !e ) ! oil ( gladness above ?y fell[s40 ,if ! od\r ( t o9tm5t be ^u u1 we %all become a sweet sav\r ( ,*ri/4 ,s9 has putrid effluvia1 virtue brea!s =? sweet p]fume4 ,! "o is an emanation ( ! fle%1 ! o!r ( ! ,_s4 ,?y "n1 c4 ,?is is prophetic4 ,only s f> z ! "n ( ,god comes into ! _w is ?is o9tm5t p\r$ =?4 ,9 ! ,gospel1 a woman hav+ an alaba/] box ( v preci\s o9tm5t p\r$ x ^u ! head ( ,*ri/4 ,"o :o 0 a s9n] p\r$ x ^u 8 feet1 & "o :o 0 n a s9n] p\r$ x ^u 8 head4 ,^! are n n>ratives m]ely1 b my/]ies4 ,x is n wond]ful t ! h\se 0 fill$ ) ! od\r ( ! o9tm5t1 s9ce ! _w w be4 ,x is writt5 9 ! same place conc]n+ ,simon ! lep]4 ,i ?9k ! lepr\s ,simon to be ! pr9ce ( ?is _w1 ^: h\se at ! com+ ( ,*ri/ 0 fill$ ) sweet od\r4 ,!re=e d ! virg9s love !e1 because1 ?r\gh ! ,holy ,_s1 ! love ( ,god is %$ abroad 9 our he>ts4 ,! maid5s at fir/ are n pres5t1 b1 ^u he>+ a *orus f !m 9 praise ( ! bridegroom1 %e says1 ,! virg9s love !e4 ,by _! com+ up x is said1 #8,aft] !e & ! od\r ( ?9e o9tm5ts we w run4' #d4 ,draw me1 c4 ,9 a race all run1 b "o receive? ! prize4 ,?is prize is ,*ri/4 ,! bride1 pure & fair1 hav+ ent]$ into ! royal ap>tm5ts1 returns to ! maid5s1 & tells !m :at %e has se54 ,! k+ ha? br\ght me into 8 *amb]s4 ,he praises ! bride4 ,he says1 ,ju/ice ha? lov$ !e4 ,!n ! bride says to ! maid5s1 #e4 ,black ,i am1 c4 ,d n look ^u me because ,i am black5$1 = ! sun ha? look$ ^u me4 ,h[ black & )\t :it5ess1 is %e beautiful8 ,black ) s91 & comely because conv]t$4 ,because n yet purg$ f all s9 %e is call$ black1 b h] d>k col\r w n rema94 ,%e is made :ite z %e asc5ds to great] ?+s1 accord+ to *4 viii4 #e4 8,:o is ?is t come? up f ! wild]ness1 lean+ ^u h] belov$80 ,t5ts ( ,k$>1 say ! ,hebrews1 are d>k3 sk9s ( ,solomon1 su* z ornam5t$ ! temple1 7 comely4 #bif-cgc4 ,a?anasius1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,alex&ria1 0 born 9 t city 9 #bif1 & di$ 9 #cgc4 ,he 0 ! pr9cipal def5d] ( ! ,nic5e fai?1 9 opposition to ,arius4 ,8 zeal\s advocacy ( ! ,deity ( ,*ri/ l$ him to seek1 & to f9d t doctr9e ev]y:]e4 ,he look$ ^u ! ,song ( ,songs z a ,jubilee song ( ! ,*ur*1 at ! inc>nation ( ! ,son ( ,god1 & ?us diff]s f ,orig51 :o ref]s x to ! exp]i5ce ( ! believ+ s\l4 ,! :ole book1 he says1 is an allegory1 & is to be und]/ood enigmatically f ! beg9n+ to ! end4 ,its doctr9es are secrets1 & ^? only :o are well v]s$ 9 allegory ought to /udy x1 z x is sure to be corrupt$ 9 ! h&s ( o!rs4 ,x is call$ ! ,song ( ,songs1 because x is ! *ief & la/ song1 & ! com+ ( ,*ri/ 9 ! fle%1 :i* o!r songs reg>d z future1 ?is celebrates z pres5t4 ,x is an ,epi?alamium 9 celebration ( ! m>riage ( ,him :o is ! lov$ ( ,god & human fle%4 ,"h are no ?reat5+s & sorr[s z 9 o!r books1 b z ! ,bridegroom is pres5t1 all is turn$ into joy4 ,! book is full ( dialogues betwe5 ! ,son ( ,god & ! human race2 sometimes betwe5 m5 9 g5]al & ,*ri/1 sometimes betwe5 ,him & 8 anci5t p2 sometimes betwe5 ,him & ! ,g5tile ,*ur*1 sometimes betwe5 ! ,g5tiles & ,j]usalem2 & sometimes betwe5 m9i/]+ angels & m54 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ,a?anasius' ,comm5t>y3-- #b4 ,let him kiss me1 c4 ,?is is ! entreaty ( 8 anci5t p to ! ,^w1 t he w\ld desc5d & take fle%2 & also 7*4 vii4 #ac71 8,! m&rakes give a smell1 & at our gates are all mann] ( pleasant fruits1 new & old1 :i* ,i h laid up = !e1 ,o my belov$10 & 7*4 viii4 #a71 8,oh1 t ?\ w]t z my bro!r t suck$ ! brea/s ( my "m10 :i* ref]s to ,*ri/ be+ ( ! same nature z man1 a bro!r1 & yet 9 reality hav+ a "m only4 ,9 *4 v4 #a1 ,*ri/ speaks ( 8 hav+ become inc>nate1 8,i am come into my g>d51 my si/]1 my sp\se2 ,i h ga!r$ my myrrh ) my spices40 ,! _w is 8 g>d51 because x is 8 creation2 & 8 body brea!s =? fragrance1 because x is jo9$ to ! ,div9e ^w4 ,! ,^w hav+ put on fle%1 he calls 8 anci5t p to ,him1 & says 7*4 ii4 #aj-ac71 8,rise up1 my love1 my fair "o1 & come1 = lo1 ! w9t] is pa/1 c40 ,8 fir/ disciples w\ld recognise 9 8 tea*+ :at !y _h long be5 li/5+ =1 8! voice ( ! turtle 9 _! l&40 ,9 ?is fanciful mann] our au?or descants ^u ! :ole book4 #cca-cif4 ,not)/&+ ! au?ority & influ5ce ( ! =ego+ fa!rs1 ! allegorical int]pretation 0 reject$ by _m at a v e>ly age4 ,& ,gregory1 bi%op ( ,nyssa1 9 ,cappadocia1 born ab\t #cca1 & di$ ab\t #cif1 :o wrote an ext5sive comm5t>y ^u ?is book1 _h /r5u\sly to cont5d = ! allegorical or spiritual int]pretation1 & sev]ely condemn$ ^? :o adh]$ to ! lit]al mean+4 ,! s\l1 he consid]s1 z a sp\se :o ent]s into spiritual union ) ,god4 ,! mo/ p]fect & bless$ way ( salvation is "h %[n to ^? :o wi% to come to ! k ( ! tru?4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ,gregory's ,comm5t>y3-- #b4 ,let him kiss me1 c41 is ! language ( ! s\l to ,god1 :i* has become wor?y to speak to ,god face to face4 ,?y brea/s are bett] ?an w9e1 t is1 div9e brea/s are bett] ?an human w9e4 ,all human wisdom _c equal ! milk ( ! div9e ^w4 #c4 ,?y "n1 c4 ,?is signifies t all ! virtues are no?+ to ! graces receiv$ f above4 ,?us he f9ds "s spiritual mean+ 9 e "p1 = ! confirmation ( :i* "s o!r "p ( ,scripture is adduc$4 #cca-dbj4 ,j]ome1 h[ev]1 7born at ,/ridon 9 ,dalmatia 9 #cca1 & di$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ,be?lehem 9 #dbj17 :o 0 exce$+ly fond ( ! ,greek philosoph]s1 &1 l ,orig51 0 in/ruct$ 9 ,hebrew lit]ature by ! ,jews1 #gg z might h be5 expect$1 0 n affect$ by ! objections aga9/ ! allegorical int]pretation1 b introduc$ x into ! ,we/]n ,*ur*es4 ,accord+ to him1 x is a nuptial & dramatic song on ! occasion ( ! union ( ,*ri/ ) 8 ,*ur* or ! s\l ( man4 ,! bride & h] companions1 & ! bridegroom & 8 companions are ! int]locutors 9 ! drama4 ,he seems to h embrac$ almo/ entirely ! !ory & int]pretation ( ,orig54 #ced-dcj4 ,augu/91 :o 0 born at ,tage/a 9 ,numidia1 9 #ced1 & di$ 9 #dcj1 mat]ially aid$ ,j]ome 9 ! spread ( ! allegorical int]pretation 9 ! ,we/4 ,he reg>ds ! ,song ( ,songs z describ+ 8! holy loves ( ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*40 ,( *4 i4 #g1 8,tell me1 ,o ?\ :om my s\l love?1 :]e ?\ fe$e/ ?y flock1 :]e10 c41 he says x is "o te/imony 9 behalf ( ! *ur* 9 ,africa1 :i* lies 9 ! m]idian ( ! _w4 ,! *ur* asks ,*ri/ to tell h] :]e ! "o true *ur* is1 :]e x fe$s & recl9es4 ,! bridegroom answ]s1 ,9 ! m]idian1 ,i fe$ 9 ! m]idian1 ,i recl9e 9 ! m]idian4 ,! *ur* is 9 o!r p>ts1 b 9 ,africa is its m]idian4 ,?is is ! language ( believ]s out ( ,africa1 :o also say1 8,= :y %\ld ,i be z "o roam+ among ! flocks ( ?y companions80 t is1 :y rema9 conceal$ & unkn[n8 ,o!r *ur*es are n ?y flock1 b ! flocks ( ?y companions4 ,^u ! adjuration1 8,i adjure y10 c4 vii4 #g1 he obs]ves1 ,! *ur* 9 ^! words addresses h] own daught]s4 ,%e is a field ( ,god1 fruitful 9 graces1 to :i* by lov+ ,*ri/ ! m>tyrs come1 :om he wi%es to lay d[n _! lives z lov+ly z he laid d[n 8 life = !m4 ,*4 ii4 #ae4 8,take u ! foxes10 c41 t is1 )/&1 confute1 subdue1 h]etics t injure ! ecclesia/ical v9es4 ,b9d !m by ,scripture te/imony1 z ,samson b\nd ! foxes toge!r1 & put fire to _! tails1 by w>n+ !m ( ! condemnation !y h des]v$4 ,9 *4 iv4 #af1 8,awake1 ,o nor?1 & come1 ?\ s\? w9d10 c41 he says1 ! nor? w9d is f ! cold icy regions ( ! devil & 8 angels1 & ! s\? w9d is ! _s ( grace bl[+ at noon f w>m & %9+ regions1 t cause ! spices to fl[ out1 z ! apo/le says1 8,we are unto ,god a sweet sav\r ( ,*ri/ 9 !m t are sav$1 & 9 !m t p]i%40 #cfj-dbi4 ,!odore1 bi%op ( ,mopsue/ia1 :o wrote a comm5t>y on ?is book1 also reject$ ! allegorical mean+1 & adh]$ to its lit]al & obvi\s s5se4 ,pity t 8 comm5t>y is lo/1 & t ! only acc\nt ( x is f 8 enemies4 #chf-deg4 ,s g5]al 0 ! dissatisfaction ) ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! ,song ( ,songs1 & s diff]5t 7 ! !ories respect+ x at ! "t ( ,!odoret or ,!odorit1 bi%op ( ,cyrus 9 ,syria1 :o 0 born at ,antio* ab\t #chf1 & di$ #deg1 t he 0 oblig$ to m5tion & refute !m4 ,!re are "s1 says ?is prelate1 :o d n admit t ! ,song ( ,songs has a spiritual s5se1 & make ( x su* a texture ( fables1 :i* is unbecom+ ev5 to ! insane4 ,"s ma9ta9 t ,solomon is "h celebrat+ himself & ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh2 o!rs take ! ,%ulamite1 n z ,ph>aoh's daught]1 b z ,abi%ag2 & o!rs1 aga91 consid]+ ! ?+ ) a little m rev]5ce1 call ?is book a ,royal address1 & take 8! bride10 to be ! p ( ,israel1 & 8! bridegroom0 ! k+4 ,i h1 !re=e1 f\nd x necess>y1 be=e proce$+ ) ! int]pretation1 fir/1 to refute ?is false & p]nici\s int]pretation1 & !n to fix ! obvi\s design ( ?is book4 #a4 ,^! p1 he submits1 ought to rememb] t ^? holy fa!rs 7 mu* wis]1 & _h m spiritual m9ds ?an !y _h1 t ?is book 0 incorporat$ 9 ! sacr$ writ+s1 & t ! ,*ur* rev]$ x = its spiritual mean+1 c4 #b4 ,?r\gh ,manasseh & ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem1 ! writ+s ( ! ,old ,te/am5t 7 lo/1 b ! ,holy ,_s re/or$ !m to ,ezra by inspiration4 ,n[ ! ,holy ,_s c\ld n h inspir$ any o!r ?an a div9e book4 #c4 ,because ! holy fa!rs saw ?is1 !y h ei!r writt5 devotional comm5t>ies on ! entire book1 or fill$ _! writ+s ) its ?\ghts1 z = in/ance1 ,eusebius & o!rs1 :o 7 ne> ! apo/olic age4 ,n[1 are we n to believe ^! holy fa!rs8 n believe ! ,holy ,gho/8 n obey ! voice ( ,god r ?an our own op9ions8 ,we mu/ s deal ) ! sacr$ ,scriptures z n to reg>d lett]s m]ely1 b draw out ! hidd5 _s f obscurity4 8,! bridegroom0 is ,*ri/1 8! bride0 8 *ur*2 8! daught]s ( ,j]usalem0 are pi\s1 b /ill unf9i%$ s\ls 7"y 9 a ,*ri/ian s5se71 :i* h n z yet atta9$ ! p]fection ( ! bride1 b imitate h] example2 8! companions ( ! bridegroom0 are ei!r ! angels or ! prophets4 ,! foll[+ is a specim5 ( 8 comm5t>y3-- #a4 ,! ,song ( ,songs1 c4 ,?is book is call$ ,! ,song ( ,songs1 because all o!r songs 9 ! writ+s ( ,moses1 ! ,prophets1 & ,psalms are made = ?is song1 :i* is n amatory1 b a song ab\t ! m>riage ( ! ,div9e ,bridegroom ) ! ,*ur*4 #b4 ,let him kiss me1 c4 ,?is is ! language ( ! sp\se (f]+ a petition to ! ,fa!r ( ! ,bridegroom2 = %e has kn[n bo? ! promises made to ,abraham & ! prophecies ( ,jacob2 z well z ! prophecies ( ,moses1 respect+ h] belov$1 & ! description ( 8 beauty & p[] z giv5 9 ! ,psalms2 8,?\ art m beautiful ?an ! sons ( m510 c42 %e has le>n$ t h] belov$1 :o is adorn$ ) beauty & grace1 is bo? ,god & ! et]nal ,son2 8,= ?y ?rone1 ,oh ,god1 is = ev] & ev]10 c4 ,hav+ recognis$ ! beauty1 /r5g?1 ri*es1 dom9ion1 & p[] ( ! bridegroom :i* he displays above all ?+s1 _w )\t end1 %e draws nigh to him to embrace him & to kiss him 9 ,_s4 ,let none ^: _s is l[1 & :o only ta/es t :i* is e>?ly1 be misl$ by ! expression 8kisses40 ,let him rememb] t we ourselves embrace & kiss ! limbs ( ! belov$ at ! my/]i\s "t 7! ,"l's ,supp]71 & t :i* we see ) our eyes1 /ore up 9 our he>ts1 &1 z x 71 feel ourselves 9 conjugal embraces2 s t x is ) u z if we 7 ) him1 embrac+ & kiss+ him1 aft]1 z ! ,scriptures say1 8love has driv5 away fe>40 ,!re=e x is t ! ,bride wi%es to be kiss$ by ! ,bridegroom himself4 #cij-ddd4 ,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 :o 0 born t[>ds ! close ( ! f\r? c5tury1 & di$ 9 #ddd1 w5t s f> z to expla9 8! palanqu910 to mean ! cross2 its 8silv] legs10 ! ?irty pieces ( silv] :i* br\ght ,*ri/ to ! cross2 ! 8purple cu%ion10 ! purple g>m5t 9 :i* ! ,savi\r 0 mock$2 8! nuptial cr[n10 ! cr[n ( ?orns put on ,*ri/'s head1 c4 c4 #fej4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,*aldee mode ( int]pretation seems n[ to become m app>5t 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,aponius1 :o is quot$ by ! v5]able ,b$e1 & mu/ !re=e h liv$ 9 ! sev5? c5tury1 reg>ds ! ,song ( ,songs z describ+ :at ! ,logos has done = ! ,*ur* f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 & :at he w d to ! end ( x2 ?us1 l ! ,*aldee1 he takes ! book z a hi/orico-prophetical description ( ! deal+s ( ,god ) 8 p1 only t ! ,*aldee takes ! ,jews z ! object ( ! description1 b ,aponius sub/itutes ! ,g5tile ,*ur*4 #fgc-gce4 ,b$e1 call$ ! v5]able1 :o 0 born at ,we>m\?1 9 ,durham1 9 #fgc1 & di$ 9 #gce1 wrote sev5 books on ! ,song ( ,songs1 "o be+ m]ely a copy f ,gregory ! ,great1 9 :i* he def5ds ! doctr9e ( grace aga9/ ! ,pelagians4 #ajia-aaec4 ,to ! s*ola/ics ( ! middle ages ! ,song ( ,songs seem$ an unfa?omable abyss ( my/icism1 into ^: dep?s !y c\ld dive z deeply z _! speculative m9ds & f]tile imag9ations prompt$ !m4 ,/4 ,b]n>d1 :o 0 born at ,f\nta9s1 9 ! vic9ity ( ,dijon1 9 ,burgundy1 & di$ 9 #aaec1 deliv]$ eighty-six s]mons ^u ?is book1 & ?is prodigi\s numb] comprises ! fir/ two *apt]s only4 ,9 ! fir/ s]mon he says1 8,! unction & exp]i5ce c alone tea* ! und]/&+ ( su* a ,song4 ,x is n to be he>d outside1 = its notes give no s\nd 9 ! /reet2 b %e :o s+s x1 %e he>s x & he to :om x is sung1 t is ! bridegroom & ! bride40 ,he divides ! ,song into ?ree p>ts2 9 ! fir/ "p ! bridegroom leads ! bride into ! g>d51 & 9 ! second he conducts h] into ! cell>1 & 9 ! ?ird he takes h] home into 8 ap>tm5ts4 ,^u ! words ,let him kiss me1 c4 7,*ap4 i4 #b71 :i* he expla9s z ref]r+ to ! inc>nation ( ,*ri/1 he rem>ks1 8,o happy kiss1 m>vell\s because ( amaz+ condesc5sion2 n t m\? is press$ ^u m\?1 b ,god is unit$ ) man40 #gh ,gilb]t ,porretanus1 ! disciple ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 cont9u$ ^! s]mons1 b only liv$ to deliv] =ty-eight1 :i* ext5d to ,*ap4 v4 #aj2 s t ! "o hundr$ & ?irty-f\r s]mons only comprise f\r *apt]s & a half4 #abgj-acdj4 ,9 ! ,comm5t>y ( ! celebrat$ ,nicolas ,de ,lyra1 a conv]t$ ,jew1 & a native ( ,lire1 9 ,norm&y1 we meet m fully ! ,*aldee mode ( int]pretation z adopt$ by ,aponius4 ,l ! ,*aldee1 ,de ,lyra takes ! ,song ( ,songs to be a hi/orico-prophetical book1 ) ?is diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 t he reg>ds ,*ap4 ii4-vii4 z describ+ ! hi/ory ( ! ,israelites f _! ,exodus f ,egypt to ! bir? ( ,*ri/1 & f ,*apt] vii4 to ! end1 ! orig9 ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 h] progress1 & ! peace :i* %e atta9$ 9 ! days ( ,con/ant9e4 ,^u ! words1 8,we h a little si/]10 he rem>ks1 8,?is is ! ,*ur* humble & abject among ! worldly enemies1 = s %e 0 till ! "t ( ,con/ant9e40 #gi #aech4 ,! great re=m]1 ,lu!r1 c\ld n reconcile 8 m9d to believe t ! ,song ( ,songs describes ! conjugal union ( ,*ri/1 ! bridegroom1 ) ! bride1 i4e4 ! ,*ur* z a :ole1 or ) ! s\l ( e individual believ]4 ,he !re=e reject$ ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! ,fa!rs1 & advanc$ a new !ory1 viz41 8t ! bride is ! happy & peaceful ,/ate "u ! dom9ion ( ,solomon1 & t ! ,song is a hymn ( praise1 9 :i* ,solomon ?anks ,god = ! ob$i5ce r5d]$ unto him z a div9e gift3 =1 :]e ! ,"l does n direct & rule !re is nei!r ob$i5ce nor happy dom9ion1 b :]e !re is ob$i5ce or a happy dom9ion !re ! ,"l lives & kisses & embraces 8 bride ) 8 ^w1 & t is ! kisses ( 8 m\?40 #hj #aedb4 ,john ,br5tius1 ! ,suabian re=m]1 adopt$ ! same !ory4 ,he calls ! ,song ( ,songs1 8,c>m5 encomia/icum1 quod de laude regni et politiae suae ,solomon conscripsit40 #ha #aedd4 ,ca/ellio1 see+ t ,lu!r _h reject$ ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! ,fa!rs1 & prop\nd$ a !ory ( 8 own equally unt5able1 ma9ta9$ t ! book has no allegorical mean+ :atev]1 b is m]ely a 8colloquium ,salomonis cum amica quadam ,sulami?a10 & z su* deem$ x unwor?y ( a place 9 ! sacr$ canon4 #hb #aehe4 ,?omas ,wilcocks adh]$ to ! op9ion t ?is book celebrates ! m>riage betwe5 ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*1 & especially 8! great love ( ! bridegroom to 8 sp\se1 :i* is nev] remov$1 b always abide? con/ant1 h[ (t soev] %e fall away1 & seem1 z a man w\ld say1 to =sake h] husb&40 #hc ,?is comm5t>y1 :i* is r>e1 conta9s _m useful rem>ks4 #afjj4 ,?omas ,brightman1 h[ev]1 adopt$ ! view ( ,aponius & ,de ,lyra1 t ?is book describes hi/orico-prophetically1 ! condition ( ! ,*ur*1 & 8agrees well-nigh 9 all ?+s ) ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john40 ,solomon1 9 ?is ,song1 & ,john1 9 ! ,apocalypse1 8=esaw ! same ev5ts 9 l times1 & ei!r ( !m direct$ 8 c\rse to ! same m>k40 #hd ,he divides ! book into two p>ts2 ! fir/1 *ap4 i4-iv4 #f1 describes ! condition ( ! ,legal ,*ur* f ! "t ( ,david to ! dea? ( ,*ri/2 & ! second1 *ap4 iv4 #g-viii4 #ad1 ! /ate ( ! ,evangelical ,*ur*1 f ,a4,d4 #cd to ! second com+ ( ,*ri/4 ,we give ! foll[+ analysis ( ?is curi\s comm5t>y4 ,a4 ,! ,legal ,*ur*4 ,*ap4 i4-ii4 #b1 describes ! condition ( ! ,*ur* be=e ! captivity2 #a1 #b1 "u ,david2 #c1 "u ,solomon2 #d-h1 "u ,rehoboam2 #i-aa1 "u ,abijah & ,asa2 #ab1 "u ,jeho%aphat2 #ac1 "u ,jehoram1 ,ahaziah1 ,joa%1 ,amaziah1 ,uzziah1 ,jo?am1 & ,ahaz2 #ad1 "u ,hezekiah2 #ae1 #af1 "u ,manasseh & ,josiah2 *ap4 ii4 #a1 #b1 "u ! o!r ,k+s to ! la/ ,z$ekiah4 ,*ap4 ii4 #c-ad1 describes ! condition ( ! ,*ur* dur+ ! captivity2 #c1 ! com=ts ( ! few left 9 _! own c\ntry2 #d-g1 ! pres]vation ( ! :ole 9 ! captivity2 #h1 #i1 ! =etold deliv]ance2 #aj-ac1 its approa*2 #ad1 & ! deliv]ance f x4 ,*ap4 ii4 #ae-;iv4 #f1 describes ! condition ( ! ,*ur* f ! deliv]ance to ! dea? ( ,*ri/2 #ae1 #af1 ! tr\blesome "t f ! re/oration ( ! ,*ur* by ,cyrus to ,alex&] ! ,great2 #ag1 ! p>tial re/ "u ,alex&]2 *ap4 iii4 #a-c1 ! desolation 9 ! ,*ur* caus$ by ,antio*us ,epiphanes1 & its effects 9 driv+ away ! belov$2 #d1 #e1 ! f9d+ ( ! belov$2 #f-aa1 ! condition ( ! ,*ur* dur+ ,*ri/'s soj\rn ^u ?is e>?2 *ap4 iv4 #a-f1 ,*ri/'s description ( h] !n beautiful aspect4 ,b4 ,! ,evangelical ,*ur*4 ,*ap4 iv4 #g-aa1 describes ! ob$i5ce & p]fection ( ! ,*ur* f ,a4,d4 #cd to #ccd2 #g1 ,*ri/'s return to 8 disciples aft] 8 resurrection1 & rema9+ ) !m =ty days2 #h1 ! prea*+ ( ! ,gospel by ,pet] & ,philip to ! ,grecians1 ,sam>itans1 & 9 ,gaza2 #i1 ! effects ^u ,antio* f ! prea*+ ( ,paul & ,b>nabas2 #aj1 #aa1 ! m>vell\s con/ancy ( ! m>tyrs :o di$ "u ,n]o1 ,domitian1 ,trajan1 c42 ! spread ( ! ,gospel ?r\gh ! fai?fulness ( ^! suff]]s2 ! beautiful orations ( ,dionysius ! ,areopagite1 ,quadratus1 ,ari/ides ! ,a!nian1 ,dionysius ( ,cor9?1 ,melito1 ,apoll9>ius1 ,polyc>p1 c41 & ?r\gh ! sett+ =? ( ! sweetness ( ! g>m5ts by ,ju/91 ,t]tullian1 & ,cyprian4 ,*ap4 iv4 #ab-v4 #af1 describes ! decay$ /ate ( ! ,*ur* f #ccd-aeaj2 #ab1 ! decl5sion ( ! ,*ur* aft] ! dea? ( ,dioclesian1 :5 _m embrac$ ,arianism2 #ac1 #ad1 h] ris+ aga9 "u ,con/ant9e2 #ae1 ! convocation ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice2 #af1 ,europe & ,africa def5d+ ! tru? aga9/ ,arian h]esy2 #ag1 ! decay$ /ate ( ! ,*ur* aft] ! demise ( ,con/ant9e4 ,*ap4 v4 #a1 ,*ri/ knock+ by p]secution 7,a4,d4 #cfh71 9 ! "t ( ,con/ance1 ,julian1 & ,val5s2 #b1 ! attempt ( ! ,*ur* to obta9 ju/ification by good works2 #c1 ! )drawal ( ,*ri/ 9 consequ5ce ( ! ,*alc$on ,c\ncil refus+ to root out h]esy accord+ to ! exhortation ( ! ,emp]or ,m>cian2 #d1 ! ris+ ( ! ,*ur* 9 ! "t ( ,leo ,isaurus1 ,con/ant9e 8 son 7#gee71 & ,*>les ! ,great1 9 ,frank=t 7#gie71 :o endeav\r$ to ext]m9ate image-wor%ip2 #e1 ! failure ( ?is endeav\r2 #f1 ! ,*ur* smitt5 & w\nd$ ?r\gh ! excommunication ( ,leo ,isaurus1 & ! conduct ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice "u ,con/ant9e 7#ghh72 v]se #h describes h[1 9 #aajj1 a ,flor5t9e bi%op1 ,arnold1 a ,roman1 ,hildeg>de ! prophetess1 & ,b]n>d1 began to seek ! bridegroom2 #h1 multitudes flock$ to ,pet] ,waldo1 9 #aafj1 to inquire aft] ! belov$2 #i1 #aj1 ,*ri/ appe>+ aga9 9 #abjj1 at ! battle ( ! ,albig5ses ) ! anti-*ri/ian b&s ( ,innoc5t ! ,?ird2 #aa1 ! k+dom almo/ re/or$ to ,*ri/ aft] ! battle2 #ab1 ! fai?ful tea*+ ( ,mi*ael ,ces5as1 ,pet] de ,corboria1 & ,john de ,poliaco1 :o 7 condemn$ 9 #abgg by ,pope ,john2 #ac1 ! prea*+ 9 #abij by ,rob]t ,tr5*2 #ad1 ! fir/ resurrection1 z describ$ 9 ,rev4 i4 #bj1 :i* took place 9 #acjj1 :5 ,dante ! ,flor5t9e1 ,m>silius ,patav9us1 ,william ,ockham1 & ,john ( ,gaunt1 boldly decl>$ ! tru?1 :5 ,philip1 k+ ( ,france1 & ,edw>d ( ,engl& despis$ ! au?ority ( ! ,pope1 & :5 ,john ,wickliff 7#acgj7 taught op5ly2 #ae-ag1 ! days ( ,john ,huss1 ,j]ome ( ,prague 7#adae71 & ! %ak+ (f ( ! ,romi% yoke by ! ,bohemians4 ,*ap4 vi4-viii41 describes ! ,*ur* re/or$1 f #aeag to ! second com+ ( ,*ri/2 #a1 ! tea*+ ( pure doctr9e 7#aeag71 by ,lu!r2 #b1 ! ,*ur*1 9 ! m\? ( ,melanc?on1 claims h] belov$ be=e ,pr9ce ,fr$]ick2 #c1 ! unpleasant /ate ( ! ,*ur* f #adbi1 :5 ! ,arg5t95ses jo9$ battle ) ! ,helvetians1 till ! dea? ( ,*>les ! ,fif? 7#aedh72 & h] beauty1 :51 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 ! ,re=mation spread 9 ,scotl&1 ,g5eva1 9 ! ,helvetian & ,g]man *ur*es1 9 ,d5m>k1 ,norway1 & ,sw$52 #d1 ! decl>ation ( ju/ification by fai? by ,lu!r2 #e1 ! newly-call$ prea*]s ( ! ,gospel 9 #aeej1 su* z ,lu!r1 ,melanc?on1 ,buc]1 ,zw+lius1 c42 #f1 ! ecclesia/ical & civil gov]nm5t ( ! ,*ur* z re/or$ aga9 9 ,g5eva2 #g1 ! splitt+ ( ! ,*ur* 9 #aefc1 by ,john ,br5tius & ,james ,&rewes2 #h1 ! excell5cy ( ! fai?ful2 #i-ab1 ! conv]sion ( ! ,jews1 :o are call$ pr9ces4 ,*ap4 vii41 _! conv]sion a bless+ to ! ,*ur*4 ,*ap4 viii4 #a-d1 _! zeal2 #e-g1 ! call+ 9 ( ! ,assyrians & ,egyptians1 & all ! nations bord]+ on ! ea/]n regions1 & _! glori\s condition aft] _! conv]sion2 #aa1 #ab1 ! c>e :i* ! bridegroom w ex]cise ov] ! :ole ,*ur*2 #ac1 :at he requires ( h]2 #ad1 h] long+ desire to be c>ri$ ) him into ev]la/+ mansions4 ,z ,brightman's ,comm5t>y may be reg>d$ z ! fulle/ developm5t ( ! ,*aldee int]pretation ,*ri/ianiz$1 we %all give a few specim5s ( 8 mode ( exposition4 ,i sleep1 b my he>t1 c4 *ap4 v4 #a4--,! neglig5ce ( ! ,*ur* ly+ ?us is decl>$ fir/ by h] dr[s9ess1 !n by 8 entic+ call1 & la/ly by ! slight causes ( h] excuse4 ,sleep caus$ h] outw>d s5ses to be b5umb$1 t %e nei!r reg>d$ nor consid]$ h[ sup]/itions arose1 z x happ5$ to ! h\sehold] 9 ,matt4 xiii4 #be4 ,nei!r c\ld x be o!rwise 7:5 ! bridegroom left ! g>d5 & 8 fri5ds or fell[s drunk5 ) prosp]ity1 :olly gap+ aft] ri*es & hon\rs1 all common good despis$71 b sleep w\ld ov]come ! sp\se1 :]e9 outw>dly %e %\ld n diff] f a dead woman1 h[ev] ! he>t %\ld move & live1 ! se$ ( fai? n altoge!r qu5*$4 ,?is dr[s9ess crept 91 9 ! "t ( ,con/ant9e1 :5 a gap+ heav9ess1 ) a cont9u$ desire ( sleep+1 s oppress$ ! sp\se1 t ! %>pe/-sight$ pa/ors c\ld n use _! outw>d s5ses3 n p]ceiv+ h[ ambition crept 9 among ! bi%ops1 & n only t1 b h[ !y began to consecrate temples to sa9ts1 e>ne/ly to seek _! reliques1 to wor%ip !m ) pray]s1 & to believe t pray]s made 9 ! hon\r ( sa9ts at _! sepul*res did pr(it mu*4 ,:o c\ld n[ tell :e!r ! ,*ur* 7 sleep+ or wak+8 :o nei!r loa!d nor p]ceiv$ su* ?+s4 ,:5 ,con/ant9e 0 dead1 ,*ri/ f\nd ! ,*ur* asleep1 & s\ght by all means to /ir h] up bo? by knock+ & call+4 ,he knock$ by p]secutions 9 ! times ( ,con/ance1 ,julian & ,val5s1 ( :om ?\gh ,julian 7 a pr(ess$ enemy1 7,a4,d4 #cfh17 yet ! o!r two exce$$ him 9 cruelty4 ,aft] _! tyrann\s reign ,god /irr$ up ,val5t9ian 9 ! we/ p>ts1 by :om ,*ri/ lov+ly call$ 8 sp\se1 t1 return+ unto h] =m] integrity1 %e %\ld op5 & let him 94 ,!n tak+ away ,val5s1 he call$ m e>ne/ly at bo? doors 7z x 77 z well 9 ! we/ z 9 ! ea/1 by ,gratian & ,!odosius ! eld]2 aft] by ,arcadius & ,honorius1 !n by ,!odosius ! y\ng]1 & ,val5t9ian ! ?ird4 ,& la/ly1 7t !re might be f\r pair z x 7 answ]able to ! f\r voices1 my si/]1 my love1 my dove1 my undefil$ "o17 by ,m>cion alone 9 ! ea/4 ,^! emp]ors /udi$ & lab\r$ v religi\sly to def5d & enl>ge true religion2 b ! ,*ur* 0 9 all ! fault1 :o hav+ ^! helps prep>$1 w\ld n use !m to recov] h] =m] brightness4 ,to ?is read9ess ( ! emp]ors 0 add$ ! voice ( ! mo/ excell5t bi%ops1 & be/ le>n$ m5 ( t "t2 z ,basil1 ,gregory ,nazianz51 ,ambrose1 ,hi]ome1 ,*ryso/ome1 ,augu/9e & o!rs1 ! lights ( t "t4 ,b see+ 8 pr(ession ( love c\ld no?+ move h]1 he tri$ :at 8 %utt+ out ( ! doors at night w\ld d4 ,my head is fill$ ) dew1 c4--,! locks ( hair signifi$1 be=e ! congregation ( ! fai?ful1 among :om true religion 0 n[ s mu* d]ang$ by new & fooli% c]emonies1 borr[$ p>tly ( ! ,jews & ,g5tiles1 & p>tly inv5t$ ( _! own idle bra9s1 t ! grass is sc>ce m cov]$ ) drops ( dew 9 ! night1 ?an ! ,*ur* 0 at t "t ) sup]/itions4 #ad4 ,8 h&s are z gold r+s1 c4--,hi!rto ha? ! bridegroom be5 set =? to ! _w 9 "s special memb]s1 f ,fr$]ick ! second to ,rob]tus ,gallus by almo/ #ajj ye>s4 ,! h&s are ! in/rum5ts ( action1 & 9 scripture !y figuratively signify works4 ,! gems includ$ 9 ! r+s seem to signify ! m9i/]s ( ! ^w1 :i* else:]e ,*ri/ c>ri$ z />s 9 8 "r h& 7,rev4 i4 #bj74 ,b ^! times yield$ n su* spl5d\r4 ,^! ?+s %[ a *ange & alt]ation ( t :i* ,*ri/ w\ld br+ to pass by ! lab\r ( 8 m9i/]s1 z x happ5$ ab\t ! ye> #acjj1 :i* 0 call$ ! fir/ resurrection ( ! dead4 ,= n[ ! ?\s& ye>s 7 end$ :]e9 ,satan 0 b\nd1 & ! dead rais$ f _! graves4 ,v _m began n[ m boldly to set =? ! tru?1 z ,dante ! ,flor5t9e1 ,m>silius ,patav9us1 ,william ,ockham1 ,john ( ,gaunt1 & _m o!rs4 ,philip ! ,fr5* k+ despis$ ,pope ,boniface1 ,lewis ( ,bav>ia /rove long "t ) ^! mo/ humble s]vants ( s]vants = ! rights ( ! empire4 ,edw>d ( ,engl& made %[ unto _m h[ little he e/eem$ ! pope's au?ority4 ,8 belly is z bright ivory1 c4--,by ! belly or b[els1 bright z ivory ov]laid ) sapphires1 may be und]/ood ! two ,sacram5ts4 ,= ! ^w ( ,god is op5 to ! view ( e "o1 z ! m\? & c\nt5ance1 nei!r is x wont to be hid f /rang]s2 b ! ,sacram5ts s]ve only = ! h\sehold1 z ! b[els1 :i* are appo9t$ only to t body ^: memb]s !y are1 b s]ve to no use = /rang]s4 ,^! ?+s !re=e z x 71 ) ! f+]1 po9t to ^? times ( ,john ,wickliff 7#acgj71 :o taught op5ly1 t ! sub/ance ( ! mat]ial bread & w9e rema9s 9 ! sacram5t ( ! alt>2 ! accid5ts ( bread rema9 n )\t ! subject 9 ! same ,sacram5t2 ,*ri/ is n really 9 ! ,sacram5t1 9 prop] pres5ce corporally4 ,b]5g>ius spoke aga9/ ?is wick$ error #bjj ye>s be=e1 b ! "t 0 n yet come :]e9 ! h&s ( ! bridegroom %\ld be se5 full ( r+s1 :5ce 8 empire want$ success4 ,h[ diff]5t to ?is is ! op9ion ( ,h5ry ,a9swor?1 ! celebrat$ ,noncon=mi/ div9e1 :o reg>ds ?is 8book z treat+ ( man's reconciliation unto ,god1 & peace by ,jesus ,*ri/1 ) joy 9 ! ,holy ,_s60 8,9 ,solomon's days10 says ,a9swor?1 8! ,*ur* be=e ,*ri/'s com+ _h ! greate/ glory1 hav+ ! temple build$1 liv+ "u t mo/ wise1 ri*1 & peaceable ,k+2 ! ,israelites be+ z ! s& :i* is by ! sea 9 multitude1 eat+1 & dr9k+1 & mak+ m]ry1 & dwell+ safely1 e man "u 8 v9e & "u 8 fig-tree40 7#a ,k+s iv4 #aj1 #be47 ,not)/&+ ,solomon1 be+ a prophet1 =esaw ! ru9 ( 8 h\se & k+dom1 & 9 8 book ( ,ecclesia/es proclaim$ all ?+s "u ! sun to be vanity1 & 9 ?is ,song prophesie? ( ! ,*ur* & ,k+dom ( ,*ri/4 ,& z he1 ) _m o!r prophets1 & k+s1 & righte\s m51 desir$ to see ,*ri/1 & to he> 8 words1 b did n 7,luke x4 #bd2 ,matt4 xiii4 #g71 s "h he manife/e? ! desire ( himself & ( all ! fai?ful to enjoy ! bless+s & graces ( ,*ri/1 say+1 #8,let him kiss me4' ,:]eby ! ,*ur* desire? to h ,*ri/ manife/$ 9 ! fle%1 & to h ! lov+ & com=table doctr9es ( 8 ,gospel appli$ unto h] consci5ce1 t %e might n be always "u ! s*oolma/] ( ! law1 :i* worke? wra? 7,rom4 iv4 #ae71 b might be prev5t$ ) ! grace ( ,*ri/1 & h ! feel+ ( 8 love t[>ds h]4 #he ,! diff]5ce ( op9ion respect+ ! int]pretation ( ?is book1 :i* obta9$ aft] ! ,re=mation _h laid op5 ! ,scriptures to all ,prote/ants1 & _h e/abli%$ ! "r ( private judgm5t1 did n1 h[ev]1 z yet affect ! ,romi% ,*ur*4 ,h] foll[]s n only adh]$ to ! allegorical int]pretation1 b1 unlike _! pr$ecessors ( ! middle ages1 took ! bride ( ! ,song to be ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,?us ,mi*ael ,ghisl]ius & ,cornelius ,lapide4 ,! latt] is especially to be notic$1 s9ce he 0 ! fir/ :o endeav\r$ to %[ t ?is ,song is a drama 9 five acts4 #aehc-afde4 ,! fact1 t ! allegorical int]pretation c\ld ) equal facility be made to describe ! hi/ory ( ! ,jewi% nation & t ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 awak5$ ! suspicion ( ,hugo ,grotius1 ! celebrat$ /atesman1 philosoph]1 & div9e4 ,he1 !re=e1 adh]$ to ! lit]al s5se ( ! book1 :i*1 accord+ to him1 celebrates ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ,ph>aoh's daught]1 b at ! same "t also admitt$ t ! ,,arcana ,,nupti>um spiritually repres5t1 fir/1 ! love ( ,god to ! ,israelites1 & !n ! love ( ,*ri/ to ! ,*ur*4 #hf ,x w be rememb]$ t ,orig5 0 already ( op9ion t ?is ,song prim>ily celebrates ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ,ph>aoh's daught]1 ?\gh ) him ! lit]al mean+ 0 ( no importance1 & t ,!odoret m5tions "s :o view$ ! ,song 9 no o!r light ?an ?is4 #afjc-afii4 ,x 0 to be expect$ t ,john ,cocceius1 ! f\nd] ( ! !ological s*ool be>+ 8 "n1 ^: doctr9e 01 t ! :ole hi/ory ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is a mirror1 accurately reflect+ ! transactions & ev5ts t 7 to happ5 "u ! ,new ,te/am5t disp5sation to ! end ( ! _w1 w\ld f9d 9 ?is ,song some?+ 9 accordance ) 8 views4 ,enl>g+ ^u ,aponius' & ,de ,lyra's mode ( int]pretation1 &1 l ,brightman1 /ill m approa*+ ! ,*aldee1 9 a mann] peculi> to himself ,cocceius reg>ds ?is book z a prophetical n>rative ( ! transactions & ev5ts t are to happ5 9 ! ,*ur*1 & divides ! :ole into sev5 di/9ct p]iods1 simil> to ! sev5 trumpets & sev5 seals 9 ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john4 ,*apt]4 #a4 ,! p]iod ( ! prea*+ ( ! ,gospel to ,jews & ,g5tiles i4-ii4 #b4 ,! p]iod ( ! increase ( ! ,*ur*1 & p]secution f )\t iii4-iv4 #c4 ,! p]iod ( peace f )\t & dang] )9 v4-vi4 #h4 #d4 ,! p]iod ( ! ,re=mation vi4 #i-vii4 #aj4 #e4 ,! p]iod ( unsettlem5t aft] ! ,re=mation vii4 #aa-viii4 #c4 #f4 ,! p]iod ( ! p]secution viii4 #d-f4 #g4 ,! p]iod ( re/ aft] ! suff]+s & long+ = ! spread ( ! ,gospel viii4 #g-ad4 #hg #afdh4 ,/range z ?is mode ( int]pretation may appe>1 yet1 z we h se51 x is n conf9$ to a s+le individual or c\ntry4 ,john ,cotton also affirms t ,solomon 9 ?is book 8describes ! e/ate ( ! ,*ur* t[>ds ,*ri/1 & 8 respect t[>ds h] f 8 7i4e4 ,solomon's7 own "t to ! la/ judgm5t40 #hh ,*ap4 i4 describes ! e/ate ( ! ,*ur* f ! days ( ,solomon to ! repair ( ! temple by ,josiah4 ,*ap4 ii4 describes ! e/ate ( ! ,*ur* f ! repair ( ! temple to ! days ( ! ,maccabees4 ,*ap4 iii4 describes ! e/ate ( ! ,*ur* f ! days ( ! ,maccabees to ! "t ( ,*ri/'s soj\rn+ "h on e>?4 ,*ap4 iv4 describes ! e/ate ( ! ,*ur*--fir/1 9 ,*ri/'s "t1 "u 8 m9i/ry1 v]4 #a-f2 secondly1 aft] 8 asc5sion1 "u ! ,apo/les1 v]4 #g-aa2 ?irdly1 aft] _! dep>ture1 dur+ ! fir/ t5 p]secutions1 v]4 #ab-af4 ,*ap4 v4 describes ! e/ate ( ! ,*ur* f ! "t t ,con/ant9e ent]$ x to ! "t ( re/or+ ! ,gospel & re=m+ ( ! ,*ur* by ! m9i/ry ( ,lu!r & o!r late div9es4 ,*ap4 vi4 describes ! /ate ( ! ,*ur* re=m$ by ! m9i/ry ( ,lu!r & o!r late div9es1 & ! call+ 9 ( ! ,jews4 ,*ap4 vii4-viii4 #d1 describes ! e/ate ( ! ,jewi% ,*ur* :5 !y %all come to be conv]t$ unto ! ,"l4 ,*ap4 viii4 #e-ad1 describes ! solicitude :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,judea & ,assyria *]i%$ = ! gr[? & e/abli%m5t ( ! good p 9 ,egypt1 ! de/ruction ( ! ,turks1 ! union ( all ,*ri/ians1 ! com+ ( ! ,"l1 c4 #afej4 ,john ,trapp1 h[ev]1 adh]$ to ! m g5]al view1 & reg>d$ ?is ,song z 8a treasury ( ! mo/ sacr$ & highe/ my/]ies ( ,holy ,scriptures1 /ream+ out all along1 "u ! p>able ( a m>riage1 t full torr5t ( spiritual love t is betwixt ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur*40 444 8,! =m ( x is dramatical & dialogi/ical2 ! *ief speak]s are1 n ,solomon & ! ,%ulamite1 z ,ca/ellio makes x1 b ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*4 ,*ri/ also ha? associates 7^? fri5ds ( ! bridegroom71 viz41 ! prophets1 apo/les1 pa/ors1 & tea*]s1 :o put 9 a ^w sometimes2 z likewise d ! fell[-fri5ds ( ! bride1 viz4 :ole *ur*es or p>ticul> ,*ri/ians40 #hi #afhh4 ,h5nis*ius n only adopt$ ! view ( ,brightman & ,cocceius1 b ev5 exce$$ x1 & call$ 8 comm5t>y ^u ?is book1 #ij 8,! ,apocalypse 9 ! ,canticles40 ,he f\nd 9 ! ,song ( ,songs sev5 p]iods ( ! ,*ur* describ$1 answ]able to ! /ates ( ! sev5 ,asiatic ,*ur*es 9 ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john4 ,rev4 ,cant4 ,a4,d4 #a4 ,! ,*ur* at ,ephesus ii4 #a-g i4 #e-ag #cc-cgj #b4 11 11 11 ,smyrna #h-aa ii4 #a-ag #cga-gjg #c4 11 11 11 ,p]gamos #ab-ag iii4 #a-aa #gjh-ajd #d4 11 11 11 ,?yatira #ah-bi iv4 #a-v4 #a #ajdf-ach #e4 11 11 11 ,s>dis iii4 #a-f v4 #b-vi4 #b #achd-agba #f4 11 11 11 ,philadelphia #g-ac vi4 #i-vii4 #ad #agbb-bjei #g4 11 11 11 ,laodicea #ad-bb viii4 #a-ad #bjfj & onw>ds4 #afic4 ,! pr(\nd s*ol>%ip & exquisite ta/e ( ,bossuet1 ?\gh a ,roman ,ca?olic ,bi%op1 w\ld n all[ him to foll[ ^! extravagant !ories4 ,presum+ t ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh is ! prim>y object ( ?is ,song1 & t ! nuptial fea/ among ! ,jews 0 hebdomadal1 ,bossuet divides ! poem into sev5 p>ts1 correspond+ to ! sev5 days ( ! suppos$ duration ( ! w$d+4 #ia ,! foll[+ is 8 division3-- ,*apt]4 #a/ day i4-ii4 #f4 #bnd day ii4 #g-ag4 #crd day iii4-v4 #a4 #d? day v4 #b-vi4 #i4 #e? day vi4 #aj-vii4 #aa4 #f? day vii4 #ab-viii4 #c4 #g? day viii4 #d-ad4 #agjj4 ,bi%op ,patrick1 h[ev]1 w\ld n admit any lit]al mean+1 b f\nd1 almo/ 9 e ^w1 "s delightful my/]y4 ,ev5 ! words1 8,?y navel is l a r\nd goblet :i* wante? n liquor2 ?y belly is l a heap ( :eat set ab\t ) lilies10 7*ap4 vii4 #b17 at :i* s mu* umbrage has be5 tak51 ?is pi\s prelate says1 may mean 8! two ,sacram5ts :i* ! ,*ur* adm9i/]s to h] *ildr52 ! ,font 9 ,baptism be+ repres5t$ by ! =m]1 & ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,"l's ,supp] by ! o!r "p ( ! figure40 #ib #agaj4 ,%ortly aft] ! publication ( ?is comm5t>y appe>$ ! ,exposition ( ,mat!w ,h5ry4 ,& ?\gh ,h5ry confess$1 8on ! "o h&1 t if he :o b>ely reads ?is book be ask$1 z ! eunu* 01 ,und]/&e/ ?\ :at ?\ reade/8 he w h m reason ?an he _h to say1 ,h[ c ,i1 except "s man %all guide me8 t ! books ( ,scripture hi/ory & prophecy are v mu* l "o ano!r1 b t ?is ,song ( ,solomon is v mu* unlike ! ,songs ( 8 fa!r ,david2 "h is n ! "n ( ,god 9 x2 x is nev] quot$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t2 we f9d n 9 x any expressions ( natural religion or pi\s devotion2 no1 nor is x introduc$ by vision1 or any ( ! m>ks ( imm$iate revelation2 ?us x seems z h>d z any "p ( ,scripture to be made a sav\r ( life unto life40 ,yet he affirms1 8on ! o!r h&1 t ) ! help ( ! _m fai?ful guides we h = ! und]/&+ ( ?is book1 x appe>s to be a v bright & p[]ful ray ( heav5ly light1 admirably fitt$ to excite pi\s & dev\t affections 9 holy s\ls1 to draw out _! desires t[>ds ,god1 to increase _! delight 9 him1 & improve _! acqua9tance & communion ) him40 #ic #agbc4 ,durham tells u ! import ( ! ,song ( ,songs mu* m positively & dogmatically ?an ei!r ,patrick or ,h5ry4 8,! great scope ( ?is ,song is to set out t mutual love & c>riage t is betwe5 ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur* 9 five di/9ct bran*es4 ,x holde? out ! ,*ur*'s case1 & ,*ri/'s c>e ( h]1 9 all h] sev]al conditions1 & "u all disp5sations2 su* z1 ,i4 ,h] s9ful infirmities1 & fail+s 9 duties1 *ap4 i4 #f2 v4 #b1 #c1 & also "u livel9ess 9 duties1 *ap4 i4 #b1 #c1 #d1 & v4 #e1 & almo/ ?r\gh\t4 ,,ii4 ,"u crosses1 *ap4 i4 #f1 z be+ #8a lily among ?orns1' & hat$ ( ! _w1 ii4 #b1 & also 9 prosp]ity1 :]e9 %e is comm5d$ z t]rible1 vi4 #aj4 ,,iii4 ,z des]t$ & sick ( love1 *ap4 iii4 #a1 #b1 & v4 #d1 #e1 & aga9 z enjoy+ h] belov$1 i4 #d2 iii4 #d1 #e4 ,,iv4 ,z "u fai?ful %eph]ds & lively ord9ances1 *ap4 i4 #d2 iii4 #d1 #e1 & also z "u c>nal wat*m51 v4 #g4 ,& 9 all ^!1 h] v>i\s conditions1 9 all ages1 are pa9t$ =?1 be=e ,*ri/'s inc>nation1 z well z n[1 )\t respect to any p>ticul> "t or age2 = c]emonial ?+s are n "h m$dl$ )1 b :at 0 spiritual2 besides ! ,*ur* !n & n[ is "o1 z 9 ! next consid]ation w be cle>$4 ,v4 ,z 9 private deal+ ) ,*ri/1 & long+ aft] him & pray+ = him1 *ap4 iv4 #af2 viii4 #a1 & almo/ ?r\gh\t1 & also :at %e 0 9 public duties1 go+ to ! wat*m51 *ap4 v4 #g1 & iii4 #c1 & :at %e 0 9 fell[%ip ) o!rs1 v4 #h1 #i2 vi4 #a1 #b4 ,,vi4 ,x sets out believ]s z m /rong1 & x furni%es a great] measure ( grace & k2 & also1 z m weak 9 gifts & grace4 ,,vii4 ,& la/ly1 x holds =? ! same believ]s z m & less lively 9 _! conditions4 8,?is book1 9 its matt]1 is a compreh5sive sum ( all ^? p>ticul>s =m$ 9 a song1 put toge!r1 & drawn z on a bo>d1 = ! believ]s' edification1 to %[1 #a4 ,:at %\ld be1 & w be _! c>riage1 :5 x is "r ) !m z to _! frame4 #b4 ,:at are _! infirmities1 & :at !y use (t5 to fall into1 ev5 !y :o are believ]s1 t !y may be ! m wat*ful4 #c4 ,to %ew :at !y meet )1 t !y may make = suff]+s1 & n /umble at !m :5 !y come4 #d4 ,t ! c>e & love ( ,*ri/ to !m1 9 ref]5ce to all ^!1 may appe>1 t !y may "k ^u :at gr\nds to com=t !mselves 9 e condition1 & may h ?is ,song z a little magaz9e1 = direction & consolation 9 e condition40 #id ,^u ! words 8,take u ! foxes1 ! little foxes1 t spoil ! v9es10 c4 7,*ap4 ii4 #ae71 ,durham rem>ks3 8,?is fifte5? v]se conta9s ! la/ "p ( ,*ri/'s ,s]mon2 :]e91 z he _h =m]ly giv5 directions 9 ref]5ce to h] p>ticul> walk1 s "h he evid5ce? 8 c>e ( h] ext]nal peace4 ,t ,*ri/ speaks ^! words1 ! cont9uation & s]ies ( !m ) ! =m]1 ! scope 7:i* is to make full pro( ( 8 case71 & ! mann] h[ ! duty "h m5tion$ is laid on1 to wit1 by way ( au?ority1 makes x cle>4 ,!re are ?ree ?+s 9 !m1 #a4 ,on ext]nal evil incid5t to ! ,*ur*1 & t is1 to be spoil$ by #8foxes4' #b4 ,a c>e giv5 9 a direction1 #8,take !m1' c4 #c4 ,he gives reasons to det] all f cruel pity 9 sp>+ ( !m1 #8,=1' c40 ,hav+ descant$ at l>ge ^u ! fir/ & second heads1 ,durham rem>ks on ! ?ird3 8,?irdly4 ,!re is a motive to press1 impli$1 :ile he 7i4e4 ,*ri/7 sai? ?is2 #8,take u1' :i* words ins9uate t x is s]vice bo? to him & h]1 & t m9i/]s are 8 s]vants1 & ! ,*ur*'s = ,*ri/'s sake4 ,x %[s also 8 sympa?y 9 putt+ himself1 z x 71 9 haz>d ) h] 7at lea/ my/ically consid]$71 & 8 love 9 com=t+ h]1 t he ?9ks himself conc]n$ 9 ! re/ra9t ( ^! foxes z well z %e is4 8,f\r?ly4 ,! direction is amplifi$1 to remove an objection 7say "s7 #8,all h]esies1 or all h]etics are n equal2 "s comp>atively are little to be reg>d$1 & x is cruelty to m$dle ) ^!1 t seem to pr(ess fair4' #8,no 7sai? he71 take !m all1 ev5 ,,! ,,little ,,foxes2 = ?\gh !y be b little1 yet !y are foxes2 ?\gh !y be n ( ! grosse/ k9d 7z all sc&als 9 fact are n alike1 yet none is to be disp5s$ )71 s !y are 7sai? he7 foxes1 & corrupt o!rs2 = a little leav5 w leav5 ! :ole lump 7(t5 small-l s*isms1 or h]esies1 su* z ! ,novations & ,donati/s1 c41 h be5 exce$+ly defac+ to ! beauty ( ! ,*ur*71 !re=e1 sai? he1 hunt & take !m up4' ,h[ small a fri5d is our ,"l to tol]ation6 & h[ displeas$ is he ) _m errors1 t ! _w ?9ks little (6 ,magi/rates1 m9i/]s & p may le>n "h1 :at di/ance ought to be kept ) ! spread]s ( ! lea/ errors2 & h[ e "o ought to concur1 9 _! /ations1 = prev5t+ ! hurt t comes by !m40 #ie #agbc4 ,:e!r ?is comm5t>y1 ) its affirmation t 8?is ,song is a little magaz9e1 = direction & consolation 9 e condition10 & :e!r ! doctr9e ( intol]ance palm$ ^u ,*ap4 ii4 #ae ( ! ,song 7 publi%$ 9 "t to be se5 by ,:i/on1 :o 0 nei!r conv9c$ by ,durham's argum5ts nor daunt$ by 8 appeal to ! magi/rates1 m9i/]s1 & p2 or :e!r !y appe>$ too late to be se5 by him1 ,i _c tell4 ,b1 9 ! same ye> t ,durham's comm5t>y 0 publi%$ ,:i/on's ,essay appe>$1 9 :i* he decl>es t he f9ds 9 ! ,song ( ,solomon1 8f ! beg9n+ to ! end m>ks ( folly1 vanity1 & loos5ess10 & assures u t 8x 0 writt5 by ,solomon :5 he 0 wick$ & fooli%1 & lascivi\s & idolatr\s10 #if & t ! soon] ?is immoral book is reject$ f ! sacr$ canon ! bett]4 #agbh4 ,ab\t five ye>s aft]w>ds appe>$ ! bulky ,exposition ( ,dr4 ,gill on ,solomon's ,song1 consi/+ ( "o hundr$ & tw5ty-two s]mons1 :i* ! ,doctor deliv]$ to 8 congregation4 ,9 ?is confus$ mass ( accumulat$ le>n+ ,gill w>mly refutes bo? ,:i/on & o!rs :o _h writt5 aga9/ ?is book4 ,he ackn[l$ges 8! pr(it & advantage0 :i* he _h receiv$ f 8! sweet obs]vations ( ! excell5t ,durham10 & affirms t ?is div9e poem is :olly allegorical2 8& sets =? 9 a mo/ /rik+ mann] ! mutual love1 union & communion1 :i* are betwe5 ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*2 also expresses ! sev]al diff]5t frames1 cases1 & circum/ances :i* att5d believ]s 9 ?is life1 s t !y c come into no /ate or condition1 b !re is some?+ 9 ?is ,song suit$ to _! exp]i5ce2 :i* s]ves mu* to recomm5d x to believ]s1 & discov]s ! excell5cy ( x40 #ig ,9 va9 d we look ev5 "h = an exposition bas$ ^u ! s\nd rules ( gramm> & philology4 #agec4 ,x 0 res]v$ = ,bi%op ,l[? to comm5ce 9 ?is c\ntry a new era 9 ! int]pretation ( ?is book4 ,two ( 8 admirable 8,lectures on ! ,sacr$ ,poetry ( ! ,hebrews0 are devot$ to ! inve/igation ( ! import & int]pretation ( ?is ,song1 & ! conclusion he arriv$ at is almo/ ! same z t ( ,grotius & ,bossuet4 8,! subject ( ! ,canticles10 says ?is le>n$ ,prelate1 8appe>s to be ! m>riage-fea/ ( ,solomon1 7:o 01 bo? 9 "n & reality1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace72 8 bride is call$ ,%ulamite4444 ,:o ?is wife ( ,solomon 01 is n cle>ly asc]ta9$2 b "s ( ! le>n$ h conjectur$1 ) an appe>ance ( probability1 t %e 0 ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 to :om ,solomon 0 kn[n to be p>ticul>ly atta*$4 ,may we n1 !re=e1 ) "s %ad[ ( reason1 suspect t1 "u ! allegory ( ,solomon *oos+ a wife f ! ,egyptians1 might be d>kly typifi$ t o!r ,pr9ce ( ,peace1 :o 0 to esp\se a *ur* *os5 f among ! ,g5tiles80 ,z to ! explanation ( ! allegory1 ?is le>n$ prelate prop]ly advises1 8t we ought to be cauti\s ( c>ry+ ! figurative application too f>1 & ( ent]+ into a precise explication ( e p>ticul>2 z ^! m9ute inve/igations are seldom conduct$ ) suffici5t prud5ce n to (f5d ! s]i\s "p ( mank9d1 le>n$ z well z unle>n$40 #ih ,bi%op ,l[? also takes ?is poem to be ( a dramatic =m1 & adopts ! division ( ,bossuet into sev5 p>ts4 #agfd4 ,! excell5t & judici\s rem>ks ( ,l[? 7 foll[$ by an elegant v]sion ( ,solomon's ,song1 ) a brief ,comm5t>y & ,annotations1 by ,?omas ,p]cy1 ,d4,d41 ,bi%op ( ,dromore4 ,! au?or v9dicates ! !ory ( ,grotius1 ,l[?1 c41 t ?is poem lit]ally describes ! nuptials ( ,solomon2 &1 l ,bossuet & ,l[?1 divides x into sev5 p>ts1 answ]+ to ! sev5 days ( ! suppos$ duration ( ! nuptials1 :i* are di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r by diff]5t solemnities4 ,9 t]ms1 ev5 m sev]e ?an ^? ( ,bi%op ,l[?1 ,p]cy c5sures ^? comm5tators1 8:o h be5 s busily employ$ 9 op5+ & unfold+ ! allegorical mean+ ( ?is book z :olly to neglect t lit]al s5se :i* ought to be ! basis ( _! discov]ies4 ,if a sacr$ allegory may be def9$ a figurative disc\rse1 :i*1 "u a l[] & m obvi\s mean+1 deliv]s ! mo/ sublime & important tru?s2 !n x is ! fir/ duty ( an expositor to asc]ta9 ! l[] & m obvi\s mean+4 ,= till ?is is done1 x is impossible to discov] :at tru?s are c\*$ "u x4 ,)\t ?is all is vague & idle conjecture4 ,x is erect+ an edifice )\t a f\ndation1 :i*1 h[ev] fair & goodly to ! view1 w be bl[n d[n by ! slighte/ brea? ( true criticism40 #ii #agfe4 ,wesley1 h[ev]1 oppos$ ?is !ory4 ,he ma9ta9$ t 8! description ( ?is bridegroom & bride is su* z c\ld n ) dec5cy be us$ or meant conc]n+ ,solomon & ,ph>aoh's daught]2 t _m expressions & descriptions1 if appli$ to !m1 w\ld be absurd & mon/r\s2 & t x !re=e foll[s t ?is book is to be und]/ood allegorically1 conc]n+ t spiritual love & m>riage :i* is betwe5 ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*40 #ajj #agfh4 ,h>m] advanc$ a new !ory4 ,:il/ advocat+ ) ,grotius1 ,bossuet1 ,l[?1 ,p]cy1 c41 t ?is ,song 9 its lit]al & prim>y s5se celebrates ! nuptials ( ,solomon ) ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 he ma9ta9$ t ! h]oes ( ! plot are n two1 z g5]ally believ$1 b ?ree--viz41 ,solomon1 ! ,%ulamite1 :o is ! pr9cipal wife & a ,jewi% que51 & ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 :om ,solomon aft]w>ds m>ri$1 ) :i* ! ,jewi% que5 0 exce$+ly displeas$1 & look$ ) jeal\sy ^u ! ,g5tile wife z an intrud]4 8,?is ev5t ( ,solomon's m>ry+ a ,g5tile pr9cess1 & mak+ h] equal 9 hon\r & privilege ) 8 =m] ,jewi% que51 & ( h] be+ frequ5tly m5tion$ aft]w>ds 9 hi/ory1 :ile ! o!r is pass$ ov] 9 total sil5ce1 resembles ! conduct ( ! ,messiah t[>ds ! ,g5tile & ,jewi% ,*ur*es40 444 8,no?+ m1 accord+ to t10 says ,h>m]1 8is to be s\ght = ( ! my/ic k9d1 ?an ! mak+ out ! g5]al resemblance betwe5 ,solomon's behavi\r ) respect to 8 two que5s1 & ! situation ( affairs betwe5 ! ,messiah & ! two ,*ur*es2 ( ^? t obs]v$ ! laws ( ,moses & ^? t did n40 #aja ,! foll[+ analysis is ga!r$ f ,h>m]'s s+ul>ly confus$ "w4 ,*apt] ,i4 describes ,solomon & 8 att5dants meet+ ! ,egyptian bride & h] companions2 ii4 #a-;iii4 #e1 describes ! compla9+ language ( ! ,jewi% que52 iii4 #f-v4 #a1 resumes ! acc\nt ( ,solomon's j\rney ) ! ,egyptian bride up to ,j]usalem1 & describes ! consummation ( ! m>riage2 v4 #b-vi4 #c1 relates ,solomon's conv]sation ) 8 ,jewi% wife2 vi4 #d-i1 ,solomon's conv]sation ) ! ,egyptian wife 9 ! g>d52 vi4 #aj-viii4 #g1 beg9s ) ,solomon's a/oni%m5t at 8 be+ surpris$ by 8 ,jewi% wife :il/ 9 ! g>d5 ) ! ,egyptian wife1 & ! ensu+ conv]sation betwe5 !m2 viii4 #h1 describes ! imag9ative hope ( ! ,jewi% wife t ,solomon's m>riage ) ! ,egyptian w\ld n be consummat$1 & t %e w\ld1 !re=e1 n be treat$ z a wife2 viii4 #i1 gives ,solomon's reply1 t ! ,egyptian pr9cess %\ld be treat$ ) ! highe/ hon\rs2 viii4 #aj-ab1 conta9s a sm>t reply ( ! ,egyptian pr9cess to ! ,jewi% que51 9 :i* %e at ! same "t also notices ! addition h] m>riage _h made to ! ,k+'s possessions2 viii4 #ac1 /ates ,solomon's appeal to ! ,jewi% que5 9 ! pres5ce ( all to give h] f9al ?\ghts respect+ h] future conduct2 viii4 #ad1 gives h] resolution to keep h] di/ance2 b at ! same "t !re appe>s no ?\ght ( r5\nc+ h] relation to ,solomon on h] "p1 z 8!re 0 n on 840 8,su* actually10 concludes ,h>m]1 8is ! /ate ( ?+s ) respect to ! ,messiah1 & ! two *ur*es ( ,jews & ,g5tiles4 ,! ,jewi% ,*ur* p]si/s 9 n receiv+ ! ,g5tiles z fell[-heirs1 b !y r5\nce n _! relation to ! ,messiah1 nor has he utt]ly exclud$ !m f hope4 ,! /ate ( di/ance has long cont9u$1 b z !y /ill rema9 a di/9ct body ( p1 wait+ = great ev5ts t are to happ51 s ! ,new ,te/am5t leads u to expect _! reconciliation40 #aggj4 ,diff]5t to ^! /range outl9es ( ,h>m] 7 ! effects :i* ,l[?'s rem>ks ^u ?is ,song produc$ 9 ,g]many4 ,mi*aelis1 ! celebrat$ pr(essor at ! ,gtt+5 ,univ]sity1 9 8 edition ( ! ,praelectiones1 took a m advanc$ & decid$ /ep 9 ! int]pretation ( ?is book4 ,he n only reject$ ! allegorical int]pretation1 z unsupport$ by int]nal evid5ce1 b d5i$ ! !ory1 def5d$ by ,l[?1 c41 t ?is poem celebrates ! nuptials ( ,solomon1 because !re is no direct m5tion made 9 any "p ( ?is long poem ( ! m>riage c]emony1 nor ( any circum/ance att5d+ x2 no "t appe>+ appropriat$ to ! nuptial banquet itself1 ! bride & ! bridegroom be+ sep>at$ f & 9 que/ ( ea* o!r1 wi%+ & enjoy+ solitude1 always %[+ !mselves 9 ! /reet or field :5 conv]s+ toge!r1 or ) ! virg9s1 & nev] f\nd ) ! gue/s or at ! banquet2 because x _c be possibly imag9$ t a bridegroom w\ld be s necessitat$ to lab\r z n to be able to devote ! few days ( 8 nuptial week to ! celebration ( 8 m>riage2 t he w\ld be compell$ imm$iately to quit 8 sp\se & 8 fri5ds = :ole days 9 ord] to att5d 8 cattle 9 ! pa/ures2 & especially because we c\ld n imag9e t ! bridegroom w\ld at ?is "t ( ! fe/ival leave 8 bride1 to :om he pr(esses to be s deeply atta*$1 alone & unhappy1 & n return at night4 ,! le>n$ pr(essor1 !re=e1 concludes t ?is ,song describes ! *a/e passion ( conjugal & dome/ic love2 ! atta*m5t ( two delicate p]sons :o h be5 long unit$ 9 ! sacr$ bond2 & !n asks1 ,c we suppose su* happ9ess unwor?y ( be+ recomm5d$ z a patt]n to mank9d1 & ( be+ celebrat$ z a subject ( gratitude to ! great ,au?or ( happ9ess8 #ajb #agga4 ,! hon\r1 h[ev]1 ( fir/ elucidat+ ! true design ( ?is book is due to ,j4 ,t4 ,jacobi2 not)/&+ ! imp]fections ( 8 attempt4 ,he %[$ t ! importance ( ?is ,song is n to describe ! *a/e passion ( conjugal love1 b to celebrate fidelity4 ,! patt]n ( ?is conjugal fidelity is ! ,%ulamite1 ! h]o9e ( ! book4 ,?is humble woman 0 m>ri$ to a %eph]d4 ,solomon1 be+ /ruck ) h] beauty1 tempt$ h] ) ! luxuries & spl5d\r ( 8 c\rt to =sake h] husb& & ent] ! royal h>em2 b ! ,%ulamite spurn$ all ! allurem5ts1 & rema9$ fai?ful to h] humble husb&4 #ajc ,h[ev] /range ! mann] 9 :i* ,jacobi divides ?is book1 & ! int]pretation ( sep>ate passages1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t he 0 ! fir/ 9 ,g]many :o %[$ t ,solomon 0 n ! object ( ! ,%ulamite's affections1 & t ! belov$ 0 a humble %eph]d f :om ! ,k+ endeav\r$ to sep>ate h]4 ,x w be rememb]$ t ,ibn ,ezra1 ,immanuel1 & ! ,anonym\s ,comm5t>y1 #ajd h already tak5 ! lov]s to be a %eph]d & %eph]dess1 & reg>d$ ,solomon z a sep>ate p]son1 :om ! ru/ic maid5 adduces 9 illu/ration ( h] s9c]e atta*m5t to h] %eph]d1 affirm+ t if ?is great ,k+ 7 to br+ h] into 8 c\rt1 & (f] h] all its gr&eur & luxuries1 %e w\ld /ill rejoice 9 h] humble lov]4 #aggb4 ,x seems unacc\ntable t ?\gh ! increas$ att5tion paid 9 ?is c\ntry to ! s\nd exegesis ( ! ,scriptures compell$ expositors to prop\nd ! lit]al mean+ ( ?is book1 t ,durell #aje c\ld /ill ov]look ! two di/9ct p]sons ref]r$ to 9 ?is poem1 viz4 ! ,k+ & ! ,%eph]d1 & ma9ta9 t ! ,song ( ,songs is an epi?alamium on ,solomon's m>riage ) ,ph>aoh's daught]4 #aggf4 ,x 0 n to be expect$ t ! opposition ( s\nd critics1 & mu* less ! newly prop\nd$ view ( ,jacobi1 w\ld at once subv]t ! old allegorical !ories1 or *eck f]tile imag9ations f inv5t+ new speculations4 ,! ,song ( ,songs 0 too d>l+ an object ( ^? ^: m9ds 7 addict$ to allegories & my/icisms to be s easily surr5d]$ to ! simple mean+ ( ! text4 ,s f> f be+ surpris$1 we r expect t e "o :o rejects ! obvi\s s5se ( ! ,song w f9d 9 x "s new view :i* 8 pr$ecessors _h ov]look$4 ,& ,h]r von ,puff5dorf's new !ory1 !re=e1 only realises our expectations4 ,he expla9$ ?is ,song hi]oglyphically1 & by a process ( reason+ z s\nd z t ( ! o!r allegoris]s1 f\nd 8 int]pretation corroborat$ by analogy4 ,! sacr$ picture language con/itut$ ! wisdom ( ,solomon's days1 & 0 !re=e us$ among all nations to express ev]y?+ div9e4 ,z ,solomon 0 m v]s$ 9 ! ,egyptian my/]ies ?an any ( 8 contempor>ies1 he w\ld necess>ily write ! div9e my/]ies conta9$ 9 ?is book 9 hi]oglyphics1 9 accordance ) ! cu/om ( ^? days4 ,accord+ to ! deciph]+ ( ^! hi]oglyphics by ,puff5dorf1 8?is mu* disput$ ,song treats almo/ exclusively ( ! sepul*re ( ! ,savi\r1 & 8 dea?1 & ! communion ( believ]s1 especially ( ,old ,te/am5t sa9ts2 b x also describes _! long+ = 8 ,adv5t1 :]eby1 h[ev]1 ! condition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t community1 & ev5 ! resurrection f ! dead1 are repres5t$ 9 prophetical types40 #ajf ,on ! clause1 8,! virg9s love !e40 ,puff5dorf rem>ks1 8,^! are ! pure & *a/e s\ls :i* are lock$ up 9 ! d>k sepul*re1 & wait = ! light20 & 9 a note says1 8! root 1 :5ce 1 virg9s1 is d]iv$1 signifies to be conceal$1 z ^? s\ls 74 ,! ,egyptian ,nei?a1 or ,m9]va1 0 ! tutel> deity ( pi\s s\ls1 & 0 cov]$ ) a veil1 :i* none 7 all[$ to uncov]4 ,! virg9s1 conceal$ 9 ! same mann]1 h to expect t ?r\gh m>riage !y w em]ge into light4 ,?us ! s\ls are "h repres5t$1 :i* 9 ! dom9ion ( d>kness wait = salvation & light40 ,! curi\s read] mu/ consult ! ,comm5t>y itself to see h[ ?is extraord9>y mode ( exposition is c>ri$ ?r\gh ! book4 #aggh4 ,ab\t two ye>s aft] ! publication ( ! deciph]$ hi]oglyphics ( ?is ,song1 ! allegorical int]pretation su/a9$ "s mo/ sev]e bl[s f ! em95tly pi\s & celebrat$ poet ,h]d]4 ,he d5\nc$ ! allegoris]s z violat+ common s5se1 & ! e/abli%$ laws ( language1 & ma9ta9$ t ?is ,song celebrat$ true & *a/e love 9 its v>i\s /ages4 ,^u ! "q1 :e!r !re may n be ano!r s5se conceal$ "u ! obvi\s & lit]al mean+1 ,h]d] rem>ks--8,:5 ,i read ! book itself ,i d n f9d ! slighte/ intimation1 or ev5 ! fa9te/ trace t su* a s5se 0 ! design ( ! au?or4 ,7 ,i to admit x1 ,i %\ld also expect to f9d x 9 ! ,song ( ,ibrahim1 9 ! odes ( ,hafiz1 & 9 all ! ori5tal erotic poems :i* 9 =m entirely resemble ?is ,song4 ,9 ! life ( ,solomon ,i discov] /ill less reason = ?is conceal$ s5se1 be x hi/orical1 my/ical1 metaphysical1 or political4 ,= ,solomon's wisdom did n consi/ 9 my/icism1 mu* less 9 metaphysics1 or s*ola/ic *ur* hi/ory4 ,8 wisdom 0 display$ 9 8 common s5se1 z se5 9 8 view ( ! ?+s ( ?is life1 9 8 acute p5etration & ext5sive k ( nature4 ,subsequ5t ,arabian tradition has inde$ attribut$ to him also ! art ( sorc]y1 & ( driv+ out evil spirits1 b nev] did ev5 ?is tradition ascribe to him ! d[nca/ look ( a my/ic1 or repres5t him z indulg+ 9 airy speculations1 or z writ+ a comp5dium ( ,*ri/ian ,*ur* ,hi/ory40 #ajg ,h]d] admits t ?is book describes ! love ( a %eph]d & %eph]dess1 z well z t ( a k+2 b f9d+ great difficulty to acc\nt = ?is1 he divides ! book into sep>ate songs1 or amorets1 :ile at ! same "t he ackn[l$ges t !re is a m>k$ unity ?r\gh\t1 & t love is describ$ f its fir/ g]ms to its full maturity1 its rip5$ fruit1 & its fir/ reg]m9ation4 #aghj4 ,?is beautiful comm5t>y 0 foll[$ by an elaborate "w ( ,kleuk] on ?is ,song4 #ajh ,he too1 ) an ov]:elm+ =ce ( argum5t1 opposes ! allegorical int]pretation1 & ma9ta9s t ! book consi/s ( deta*$ songs4 #agha4 ,ann ,francis1 a lady ( mu* poetical ta/e1 :o1 assi/$ by ! le>n$ ,p>khur/1 publi%$ a poetical v]sion ( ! ,song1 #aji 0 ! fir/ :o adopt$ & def5d$ ! !ory ( ,h>m]1 t ?is book speaks ( two wives1 "o a ,jewi% lady1 :o _h be5 m>ri$ to ,solomon long be=e1 & ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 :om ! k+ _h rec5tly esp\s$4 #aghf4 ,hodgson1 h[ev]1 0 n influ5c$ by ! !ory ( ,h>m]1 b1 ) ,bossuet1 ,l[?1 ,p]cy1 c41 reg>d$ ?is poem z 8an epi?alamium writt5 by ,solomon1 on 8 m>riage1 z "s h suppos$1 ) ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh40 #aaj #aghi4 ,! !ory ma9ta9$ by ,abrabanel & ,leon ,hebraeus1 #aaa seems at ?is "t to h f\nd its way into ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,an unkn[n au?or1 m5tion$ by ,magnus1 #aab def5d$ ! view t ! bride ( ! ,song repres5ts wisdom1 ) :om ,solomon conv]ses4 #agij4 ,x is inde$ *e]+ to meet aga9 ) "s glimpses ( light amid/ ! d5se d>kness :i* ga!r$ ar\nd ?is book4 ,ammon n only v9dicat$ its unity aga9/ "s ( 8 contempor>ies1 b %[$ t x celebrates ! victory ( true & *a/e love 9 humble life ov] ! allurem5ts ( c\rtly gr&eur4 #aac #ahja4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ^? :o paid m reg>d to ! e/abli%$ laws ( language1 & 7 !re=e con/ra9$ to admit a lit]al s5se1 mo/ly adh]$ to ! op9ion t ?is poem is a nuptial song4 ,?us ,williams ma9ta9$ t x celebrates ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ,ph>aoh's daught]4 #aad #ahjc4 ,mason ,good c\ld n acquiesce 9 ?is op9ion1 because ! matrimonial connexion ( ! ,hebrew mon>* ) ! ,egyptian pr9cess 0 ( an exclusively political "*1 )\t any prec$+ p]sonal intimacy or int]*ange ( affection2 :]eas1 ! connexion celebrat$ 9 ?is ,song1 8proce$$ f reciprocal affection1 f ! g5tl5ess1 mode/y1 & delicacy ( m9d1 :i* are uni=mly & p]petually attribut$ to ?is beautiful & accompli%$ fair "o40 #aae ,he1 !re=e1 reg>ds ?is book z celebrat+ 9 di/9ct amorets1 ! reciprocal atta*m5t ( ,solomon & a female1 :o 0 a native ( ,%>on1 :i* 0 a canton ( ,pale/9e2 convey+ also a spiritual allegory4 #ahac4 ,hug1 #aaf reject+ ! lit]al int]pretation1 ex]cis$1 l ! re/ ( ! allegoris]s1 ! "r ( introduc+ a new !ory4 ,accord+ to him1 8! bride0 means ! t5 tribes1 & 8! bridegroom0 is ,k+ ,hezekiah1 & ! book describes allegorico-politically ! long+ ( ,israel aft] ! de/ruction ( ,sam>ia to be re-unit$ ) ,judah1 & ! opposition ( ! citiz5s ( ,judah1 repres5t$ "u ! image ( ! bro!rs 7*ap4 viii4 #h1 #i7 to ?is re-union4 #ahbj4 ,! feeble arm rais$ by ,jacobi1 ,ammon1 c4 9 ! def5ce ( ! true design ( ?is book aga9/ ! mighty ho/ ( allegoris]s1 0 greatly support$ by ! le>n$ ,umbreit4 ,9 ! introduction to 8 exposition ( ?is ,song1 ,umbreit ma9ta9s t ! design ( ! poem is to celebrate ! conque/ ( virtue 9 humble life ov] ! allurem5ts ( royalty4 ,a virtu\s c\ntry-maid51 :o 0 atta*$ to a %eph]d1 0 br\ght into ,solomon's h>em1 & !re tempt$ by ! k+ ) flatt]ies & promises to transf] h] affections2 b %e1 arm$ by ! p[] ( virtue1 resi/$ all 8 allurem5ts1 & rema9$ fai?ful to h] %eph]d1 to :om %e 0 aft]w>ds re-unit$4 #aag ,?\gh x _c be said t ei!r ,cl>ke or ,boo?royd 9 any way elucidat$ ! design ( ?is book1 yet !y h done great s]vice by _! rejection ( ! allegorical int]pretation4 #ahbe4 ,we mu/1 h[ev]1 n suppose t ! allegoris]s1 ?\gh consid]ably dim9i%$ 9 numb]1 _h exhau/$ _! inv5tive faculties4 ,kais] ma9ta9s t 8! bride0 is a new colony ne> ! ,jordan1 & ! bridegroom repres5ts ,z]ubbabel1 ,ezra1 & ,nehemiah2 & t ! ,song celebrates _! re/oration ( ! ,jewi% con/itution 9 ! prov9ce ( ,judah4 #aah #ahbf4 ,! little b&1 :o /ruggl$ h>d = ! def5ce ( ! true design ( ?is book1 c\ld n[ rejoice at ! accession ( a mighty lead] to _! ranks4 ,! celebrat$ ,ewald %[$ 9 a ma/]ly mann] t 8?is poem celebrates *a/e1 virtu\s1 & s9c]e love1 :i* no spl5d\r is able to dazzle1 nor flatt]y to s$uce40 #aai #ahbi4 ,dpke1 9 8 elaborate philologico-critical comm5t>y1 ?\gh n esp\s+ ?is view1 mat]ially aid$ ! combatants = ! lit]al int]pretation4 #abj #ahcj4 ,x is surpris+ t ! %>p-sight$ ,ros5mll]1 :o c\ld n foll[ ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! *ur*1 in/ead ( adh]+ to ! obvi\s s5se ( ! poem1 adopt$ ! view ( ,abrabanel1 ,leon ,hebraeus1 c41 t 8! bride0 repres5ts wisdom1 ) :om ,solomon is describ$ z conv]s+4 #aba ,:il/ ! battle betwe5 ! allegoris]s & lit]ali/s 0 be+ wag$ on ! cont95t1 ! few *ampions :o came =w>d 9 ,engl& to def5d ! lit]al int]pretation receiv$ an important addition to _! numb] 9 ! p]son ( ,dr4 ,pye ,smi?1 :o d5\nc$ ?is me?od ( treat+ ,scripture z contr>y to all laws ( language1 & dang]\s to real religion4 ,he reg>ds ?is ,song z 8a pa/oral eclogue1 or a succession ( eclogues1 repres5t+1 9 ! vivid col\r ( ,asiatic rural sc5]y1 ) a spl5d\r ( artificial decoration1 ! hon\rable loves ( a newly m>ri$ bride & bridegroom1 ) "s o!r int]locutors40 #abb #ahci4 ,! controv]sy betwe5 ,drs4 ,pye ,smi? & ,b5nett #abc ab\t ! ,song ( ,songs produc$ a salut>y effect1 inasmu* z x add$ consid]ably to ! numb] ( ^? :o 9 ?is c\ntry def5d$ ! lit]al int]pretation4 ,a v]sion ( ,*ap4 ii4 #h-ag appe>$ 9 ! ,congregational ,magaz9e1 #abd 9 :i* ! translator boldly affirms t 8x celebrates ! beautiful sc5]y ( ! spr+1 ! atta*m5t ( two individuals to ea* o!r1 & _! meet+ 9 t season ( nature's gaiety & lovel9ess40 ,he1 moreov]1 decl>es t he c 8see no m reason = ! spiritual int]pretation :i* ,mr4 ,williams1 ,mr4 ,fry1 & o!rs give x1 ?an = its application to ! revival ( lett]s1 ! t]m9ation ( feudalism1 or any o!r gratify+ circum/ance 9 civil or political life40 #ahdj4 ,:il/ ! ranks ( ! lit]ali/s grew /rong] 9 ,engl&1 ! b& t def5d$ ! true design ( ?is poem 9 ,g]many1 also "u ! able lead]%ip ( ,ewald1 became /rong]1 & ,hirzel n[ cont5d$ = ! view t ! ,song ( ,songs celebrates ! victory ( virtu\s love 9 humble life ov] ! allurem5ts ( royalty4 #abe #ahdb4 ,! le>n$ b 8lynx-ey$0 ,magnus1 h[ev]1 c\ld see 9 ?is book no?+ else ?an a collection ( v>i\s erotic pieces1 "s p]fect1 o!rs imp]fect1 "s am5d$1 o!rs int]polat$1 all ! "w ( diff]5t au?ors1 & writt5 9 v>i\s ages4 #abf ,yet 8 comm5t>y is full ( le>n+1 & well des]ves to be m5tion$ 9 ?is hi/orical sket*4 #ahde4 ,entirely diff]5t is ! op9ion ( ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 ! great ,biblical s*ol> ( ,am]ica1 :o says1 8,x seems bett] & firm] gr\nd1 to reg>d ! ,canticles z express+ ! w>m & e>ne/ desire ( ! s\l aft] ,god1 9 language borr[$ f t :i* *>act]ises *a/e affection betwe5 ! ,jews40 #abg #ahdf4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$ t all ! ,am]ican ,pr(essors 7 ( ! same op9ion4 ,dr4 ,noyes1 ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 c4 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity1 publi%$ a translation ( ! ,canticles ) notes1 %ortly aft] ! appe>ance ( ,/u>t's "w1 9 :i* he ma9ta9s t x is a collection ( erotic songs1 )\t any moral or religi\s design1 #abh & mo/ p[]fully opposes ! allegorical int]pretation4 #ahdg4 ,ano!r ,pr(essor1 ,dr4 ,/[e1 affirm$ t 8! g5]al idea ( ! book1 :i* has j be5 pron\nc$ #8z injuri\s to morals & religion1' if int]pret$ allegorically1 #abi is descriptive ( ! mutual love ( ,god & 8 p2 ! vicissitudes1 ! trials1 ! backslid+s1 ! rep5t+s1 & f9ally ! p]fect & et]nal union ( ! *ur* ) its ,"l & ,savi\r40 #acj #ahdi4 ,?\gh n entirely defeat$1 yet ! ranks ( ! allegoris]s 7 mat]ially ?9n$1 & !y 7 driv5 to adopt a diff]5t c\rse4 ,!y no long] s\ght = "s ,*ri/ian my/]ies & doctr9e 9 e *apt]1 v]se1 & ^w ( ! ,song1 b satisfi$ !mselves ) a g5]al allegorical idea1 :i* may be se5 bo? f ! above article ( ,dr4 ,/[e1 & ,keil's 8,introduction to ! ,song ( ,songs40 ,dr4 ,keil submits t x allegorically describes ! mutual love subsi/+ betwe5 ,god & 8 *os5 p1 & h[ ?is communion 0 9 v>i\s ways int]rupt$ ?r\gh ! unfai?fulness ( ,israel1 & h[1 ?r\gh _! return to ! true cov5ant-,god1 & ?r\gh 8 un*ang+ love1 x 0 aga9 re/or$4 #aca #ahea4 ,n ev5 ?is mild view ( ! allegory1 h[ev]1 c\ld conciliate ,delitzs*4 ,?is le>n$ au?or1 aft] hav+ int]pret$ ! book z repres5t+ 8! mutual love subsi/+ betwe5 ,solomon & ,wisdom10 0 at la/ con/ra9$ to reject e allegorical int]pretation z unt5able4 ,?\gh adopt+ ! view t ! book poetically describes a love-relation%ip =m$ by ,solomon1 & t 8! idea ( m>riage is ! idea ( ! ,song10 & may figuratively repres5t ! union ( ,god ) 8 p1 he frankly confesses1 t among/ o!r views1 t :i* reg>ds ! poem z celebrat+ ! victory ( virtu\s love 9 humble life ov] ! allurem5ts ( royalty1 is to be pref]r$4 #acb #aheb4 ,imm$iately aft] ! publication ( ?is comm5t>y1 conta9+ "s ( ! mo/ cog5t argum5ts aga9/ ! allegorical int]pretation1 a new translation appe>$ ) an allegorical exposition by ,hahn4 ,d5y+ t ,solomon repres5ts ! ,messiah1 because at t e>ly p]iod ! notion ( a p]sonal ,messiah 0 n yet develop$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! p1 ?is comm5tator advances a new !ory1 t 8! bridegroom0 repres5ts ! k+dom ( ,israel1 & 8! bride0 ,japhetic hea!nism1 & t ! poem describes1 allegorically1 8! k+dom ( ,israel z de/9$1 9 ,god's s]vice1 ev5tually to ov]come hea!nism ) ! weapons ( ju/ice & love1 & to br+ ! ,hea!n into a /ate ( fell[%ip & love ) itself1 & consequ5tly ) ,god40 #acc ,he takes ! ,song to be a dramatico-didactic poem1 divisible into six sections4 ,! fir/ section1 ,*ap4 i4 #b-;ii4 #g1 describes ! long+ ( ! maid51 :o repres5ts ,japhetic hea!nism1 = ! pleasurable love ( ! k+ ( ,israel2 h] humble supplication to be receiv$ into 8 fell[%ip1 & ! ultimate realization ( h] desire 9 t union4 ,! second section1 ,*ap4 ii4 #h-;iii4 #e1 supplem5t+ ! fir/1 describes ! fri5dly invitation :i* ! k+ ( ,israel gives to ?is maid5 7! ,japhetic hea!n7 to cat* ) him ! foxes1 :i* repres5t ! k+dom ( ,satan ^u e>?1 ! ,hametic hea!n1 & to unite h]self ) him 9 ! l& ( ,canaan1 :i* is ! k+dom ( ,god1 & h] acceptance ( ?is invitation4 ,! ?ird section1 ,*ap4 iii4 #f-v4 #a1 supplem5t+ ! fir/ & second1 repres5ts ?is maid51 aft] be+ conqu]$ by ! p[] ( ! k+'s love1 & f s9c]e reciprocal atta*m5t1 devot+ h]self z an acceptable (f]+ to ! s]vice ( ,god1 z introduc$ into ! l& ( ,canaan1 :i* is ! type ( ! k+dom ( ,god1 & describes ! completion ( h] nev]-end+ union ) ! k+ ( ,israel4 ,! f\r? section1 ,*ap4 v4 #b-vi4 #i1 a supplem5t>y explanation ( ! fir/1 describes ! e>ly love ( ! k+ ( ,israel :5 he visit$ ! maid5 9 ! d>k night z %e lay 9 a deep sleep1 void ( all love to him1 entreat+ to be admitt$2 h] refusal2 h] rep5tance aft] hav+ become acqua9t$ ) 8 glory2 h] long se>* aft] him2 8 accept+ h] aft] h] rep5tance _h be5 tri$1 c4 c4 ,! fif? section1 ,*ap4 vi4 #aj-viii4 #d1 :i* expla9s ! second1 & supplem5ts ! f\r?1 describes h[ ! k+ ( ,israel reveal$ himself ultimately to ! maid52 ! k+1 aft] be+ long & pa9fully s\ght by ! maid51 :o1 despair+ ( success1 & 9 a deject$ /ate1 _h return$ home1 0 aga9 incit$1 by "s new *>ms ( h]s1 foll[$ h]1 att5d$ by 8 m>tial ho/s1 once m (f]$ h] 8 love1 met ) a he>ty response1 & !n %e (f]$ h]self to him ) all %e _h1 z 8 prop]ty4 ,! six? section1 ,*ap4 viii4 #e-ad1 :i* is a supplem5t>y exposition ( ! ?ird1 & a completion ( ! fif?1 describes h[ ! maid51 aft] long & pa9fully se>*+1 & long+ = ! k+ ( ,israel1 yield$ h]self up to him 9 h] home1 :i!r he _h foll[$ h]1 & h[ %e entreat$ = ! fav\rable reception ( h] y\ng] si/]1 t is1 ! ,hametic hea!n1 & h[ ! k+ promis$ ! maid5 t h] si/] %all ev5tually be receiv$4 #ahec4 ,?\gh ?is allegori/ has repudiat$ ! idea t ,solomon repres5ts ! ,messiah1 at ! same "t1 ano!r allegori/1 & t a no less writ] ?an ,h5g/5b]g1 assures u t ,solomon c be reg>d$ only z ! ,messiah1 & t ! bride is n ,japhetic hea!nism1 b ! p ( ,god4 ,accord+ to him1 ! poem celebrates ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace & all ! m]cies :i* ?r\gh him fl[ to ! p ( ,god1 & is divisible into two p>ts4 ,! fir/ "p1 ,*ap4 i4-v4 #a1 describes ! adv5t ( ,messiah1 ! heav5ly ,solomon1 to save 8 p2 ! tribulations & sorr[s :i* w prec$e 8 com+1 & especially ! bondage ( ! p ( ,god to worldly p[]1 z ! m]it$ puni%m5t ( _! unfai?fulness4 ,^! suff]+s are repres5t$ "u ! figure ( sw>?9ess1 i4 #f2 w9t] & ra91 ii4 #aa2 d>k nights & a wild]ness1 iii4 #f4 ,connect$ ) ! com+ ( ,messiah is ! admission ( ! hea!n into ! k+dom ( ,*ri/1 iii4 #i-aa1 effect$ ?r\gh ! m$iation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t p1 z indicat$ by ! "n 8daught]s ( ,j]usalem40 ,! second "p1 ,*ap4 v4 #b-viii4 #ad1 describes ! s9n+ ( ! daught] ( ,zion aga9/ ! heav5ly ,solomon1 h] puni%m5t1 rep5tance1 & ! re-union effect$ ?r\gh ! m$iation ( ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem 7! hea!n71 ^: salvation %e _h fir/ assi/$ to accompli%2 ! complete re/oration ( ! =m] mutual love1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* ! daught] ( ,zion becomes aga9 ! c5tre ( ! k+dom ( ,god2 & ! immutability ( ! new cov5ant ( love 9 contra/ ) ! mutability ( ! old4 #acd #ahec4 ,simultane\s ) ?is comm5t>y ( ,h5g/5b]g1 an allegorical exposition appe>$ 9 ,am]ica1 by ,pr(essor ,burr[es4 ,he diff]s aga9 f ! prec$+ 9 reg>d+ ?is ,song z illu/rat+ by imag]y drawn f ! c\rt ( ,solomon1 ! mutual love ( ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur*1 z ex]cis$ 9 ! case ( individual believ]s4 ,he divides x into ?ree p>ts4 ,! fir/ "p1 ,*ap4 i4-ii4 #g1 describes ! way 9 :i* ! s\l1 long+ aft] ! manife/ation ( ! love ( ,*ri/1 is conduct$ 9 ! gratification ( t desire1 f "o degree ( pi\s enjoym5t to ano!r1 till1 by ! vicissitudes ( =tune1 & by ! div]sities 9 its progress t[>ds heav51 & ! enjoym5t ( ,*ri/'s love z manife/$ 9 private communion 9 88 *amb]20 #g-aa1 9 ! way ( duty & self-d5ial2 #ab-ad1 9 social communion ) him2 #ae-ag1 9 delightful repose ) him1 amid enl>g$ prospects ( spiritual beauty2 *ap4 ii4 #a-c1 9 ! protection & delight "h set =?2 #d-g1 x possesses ! greate/ possible pleasure on ! e>?4 ,! second "p1 ,*ap4 ii4 #h-vii4 #i1 describes ! motives by :i* ! ,"l ,jesus w\ld allure su* s\ls away f ! pres5t _w to be ) him 9 glory2 *ap4 ii4 #h-ag1 z by ! beauty ( heav52 *ap4 iii4 #a-aa1 by ! spl5d\r ( ! reception await+ !m !re1 z well z by ! gr&eur ( ! conveyance ?i!r2 *ap4 v4 #a-vii4 #i1 & by 8 love = !m1 :i* rema9s con/ant ev5 amid/ _! greate/ neglect4 ,! ?ird section1 ,*ap4 vii4 #aj-viii4 #ad1 describes ! effects :i* ^! manife/ations ( love produce on ! he>t ( sa9ts2 *ap4 vii4 #aj1 assurance ( hope2 #aa1 desire to be mu* alone 9 communion ) ,*ri/2 #ab1 _! engagem5t 9 lab\rs ( love2 #ac1 consecration to him ( all _! gifts2 *ap4 viii4 #a1 #b1 a desire t ev]y?+ int]pos+ betwe5 ,*ri/ & !m may be remov$2 #c1 #d1 _! avoidance ( ev]y?+ t w\ld cause ! )drawal ( ,*ri/'s love2 #e1 ! pleas+ consci\sness ( lean+ on ,jesus1 & ( be+ upheld by 8 ev]la/+ arm2 #f1 _! desire to be con/antly ne> him1 & su/a9$ by 8 p[]1 & will+ness to make e sacrifice = him2 #g1 _! conviction ( ! insuffici5cy ( ev]y?+ ! _w c\ld (f] to tempt !m f ,*ri/2 #h-aj1 _! int]e/ = ! salvation ( ! imp5it5t2 #ab1 ! s5se ( _! acc\ntability z /ew>ds ( ,god2 #ac1 ! privilege ( cont9ual access to ! ?rone ( grace2 #ad1 desire = ! completion ( _! r$emption1 & = ! p]fect+ ( _! love to ,*ri/1 & ( 8 to !m1 by ! prospect ( 8 second com+4 #ace ,f ! analysis ( ! ?ree late/ comm5t>ies ^u ?is book1 x w be p]ceiv$ t allegorical int]pret]s1 ev5 to ?is day1 diff] 9 _! views ( its application & design4 #ahed4 ,aft] quitt+ ! bewild]+ maze ( allegorism1 x is *e]+ to come to ! comm5t>y ( ,mei]1 9 :i* ! view t ?is poem celebrates ! victory ( virtu\s love 9 humble life ov] ! allurem5ts ( royalty is def5d$4 #acf #ahee4 ,?is is also ! view prop\nd$ by ,fri$ri* #acg & ,hitzig1 #ach ?\gh ! latt] embraces a simil> !ory to ,h>m]1 t !re are two wom5 z *ief speak]s 9 ! poem4 #ahef4 ,9 ?is op9ion ( ! sup]iority ( virtu\s love to all ! temptations ( royalty1 ! ,jew & ! ,*ri/ian1 ! ,engli%man & ! ,g]man1 are beg9n+ to unite4 ,! review] 9 ! ,jewi% ,mon?ly ,j\rnal ( ,hi/ory & ,sci5ce1 decl>es himself 9 fav\r ( reg>d+ ! ,%ulamite z resi/+ all ! (f]s ( ,solomon & rema9+ fai?ful to h] %eph]d4 #aci ,mei]1 ! au?or ( a comm5t>y m5tion$ above1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! poetical ,national ,lit]ature ( ! ,hebrews1 rec5tly publi%$1 ma9ta9s ! same op9ion4 #adj ,?is poem1 says ,dr4 ,davidson1 8w>ns aga9/ impure love1 enc\rages *a/ity1 fidelity1 & virtue1 by depict+ ! successful issue ( s9c]e affection amid p[]ful temptations4 ,! innoc5t & virtu\s maid51 true to h] %eph]d lov]1 resi/s ! flatt]ies ( a mon>*1 & is all[$ to return to h] home40 #ada ,umbreit1 9 an article ^u ?is book1 j publi%$1 /ates t he /ill adh]es to ! view prop\nd$ 9 8 comm5t>y ( #ahbh1 #adb notic$ above1 t x is a celebration ( virtu\s love ov] ! allurem5ts ( royalty4 ,h[ m\rnful is ! ?\ght :i* irresi/ibly =ces itself ^u ! m9d1 9 review+ ?is imp]fect sket* ( :at has befall5 ?is poem6 ,?is book1 we h se51 is made to describe ! mo/ contradictory ?+s4 ,x conta9s ! w&]+s ( ! ,jews1 h[ !y w ultimately 8fill _! /oma*s ) ! fle% ( ! ,levia?an & ! be/ ( w9es pres]v$ 9 grapes10 & is ! sanctum sanctorum ( all ,*ri/ian my/]ies4 ,x is d5\nc$ z a love song1 & extoll$ z decl>+ ! inc>nation ( ,*ri/2 x speaks ( ! m]idian *ur* 9 ,africa1 & ( ! betrayal ( ! ,savi\r2 x conta9s a treatise ^u ! doctr9e ( free grace aga9/ ,pelagianism1 & an ,ari/otelian disquisition ^u ! functions ( ! active & passive m9d2 x is an apocalyptic vision1 a duplicate ( ! ,revelations ( ,/4 ,john1 & records ! s*ola/ic my/icisms ( ! middle ages2 x d5\nces ,arianism1 & describes ! glories ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y2 x 8treats ( man's reconciliation unto ,god & peace by ,jesus ,*ri/1 ) joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/10 & tea*es lewdness1 & corrupts ! morals2 x records ! conv]sation ( ,solomon & ,wisdom1 & describes ! tomb ( ,*ri/ 9 ,egyptian hi]oglyphics2 x celebrates ! nuptials ( ,solomon1 & gives u a comp5dium ( ecclesia/ical hi/ory to ! second adv5t ( ,*ri/2 x records ! re/oration ( a ,jewi% con/itution by ,z]ubbabel1 ,ezra1 & ,nehemiah1 & ! my/]ies ( m>riage2 x advocates monogamy & enc\rages polygamy2 x assi/s devotion & excites c>nal passions4 ,:at a solemn lesson we h "h nev] to dep>t f ! simple mean+ ( ! ^w ( ,god6 ,,section ,,vi4--,,! ,,diff]5t ,,views ,,classifi$ ,,& ,,exam9$4 ,! v>i\s op9ions1 enum]at$ 9 ! prec$+ section1 respect+ ! design ( ?is book1 may be divid$ into ?ree classes1 ! lit]al1 ! allegorical1 & ! typical4 ,! fir/ consid]s ! description z real1 t ! words %\ld be tak5 z repres5t+ an hi/orical fact2 ! second consid]s t ! description has no hi/orical tru? = its basis1 b conta9s "s lat5t mean+2 :il/ ! ?ird admits ! lit]al mean+1 b reg>ds x z typical ( spiritual tru?4 ,! lit]al view adopt$ by u hav+ be5 giv5 9 sections iii4 & iv41 we h to exam9e "h only ! claims ( ! allegorical & typical4 ,,! ,,allegorical ,,view4 ,! allegorical view pr9cipally ma9ta9$ is1 t ?is poem1 9 language borr[$ f t :i* *>act]ises *a/e affections betwe5 ! sexes1 expresses ! mutual love subsi/+ betwe5 ! ,"l & 8 ,*ur*4 ,,reasons ,,= ,,! ,,allegorical ,,view ,,exam9$4 #a4 ,! exi/5ce ( ?is book 9 ! sacr$ canon has be5 adduc$ z an argum5t = its allegorical int]pretation4 8,9 :at "p ( ! ,hebrew ,bible c we f9d any composition ( an analog\s nature8 ,all--e ,psalm1 e piece ( hi/ory1 e "p ( prophecy--has a religi\s aspect1 & 7! book ( ,e/h] p]haps except$7 is fill$ ) !ocratic views ( ?+s4 ,h[ came !re "h to be su* a solit>y exception1 s contr>y to ! g5ius & nature ( ! :ole ,bible8 ,x is pass+ /range1 if real amatory ,idyls are m+l$ ) s mu*1 all ( :i* is ( a s]i\s & religi\s nature4 ,if ! au?or view$ 8 composition z be+ ( an amatory nature1 w\ld he h s\ght a place = x among ! sacr$ books8 ,& subsequ5t r$actors or editors--w\ld !y h rank$ x "h1 9 case !y _h reg>d$ x 9 ! same light8 ,i c sc>cely deem x cr$ible4 ,s diff]5t 0 ! rev]5ce ( ! ,jews = _! ,scriptures f any m]e approbation ( an amatory poem z su*1 t ,i mu/ believe t ! ins]tion ( ,canticles among ! canonical books1 0 ! result ( a full p]suasion ( its spiritual import4 ,_h ! case /ood o!rwise1 :y did !y n introduce o!r secul> books1 z well z ?is1 into ! canon80 #adc ,grant+ t ! design ( ! book 0 simply to describe love1 we d5y t x w\ld h be5 deem$ unwor?y ( a place 9 ! sacr$ canon4 ,:y %\ld ! pleasures ( *a/e love be consid]$ less wor?y ( record 9 ! sacr$ books1 ?an ! sorr[ = b]eav$ fri5d%ip1 9 #b ,sam4 i4 #ag1 c48 8,to ^?10 says ,dr4 ,mason ,good1 a def5d] ( ! allegorical int]pretation1 8:o disbelieve ! exi/5ce ( su* an allegory !y 7! amorets7 /ill af=d a happy example ( ! pleasures ( holy & virtu\s love2 !y inculcate1 beyond ! p[] ( didactic poetry1 ! t5d]ness :i* ! husb& %\ld manife/ = 8 wife1 & ! def]5ce1 mode/y1 & fidelity ) :i* 8 affection %\ld be return$2 &1 consid]$ ev5 9 ?is s5se alone1 !y are fully entitl$ to ! hon\r ( con/itut+ a "p ( ! sacr$ ,scriptures40 #add 8,:y %\ld a passion10 rem>ks ano!r allegorical int]pret]1 8s /rong1 s univ]sal1 s ess5tial to happ9ess--to ! v exi/5ce ( ! human race1 be d5i$ a place 9 a ,revelation f ,god to man8 ,z a matt] ( fact1 has x n a place 9 e "p ( ! ,bible1 f ,g5esis to ,revelation8 ,god is ! au?or ( ! human con/itution z well z ( ! ,bible2 & he has 9 all respects adapt$ 8 revelation to ! nature ( ! be+s = :om x 0 design$4 ,x w\ld be /range inde$1 if "o ( ! mo/ important & nev] abs5t ph5om5a 9 ! moral & physical creation ( m5 %\ld nev] be notic$ 9 a revelation to him f 8 ,creator4 ,if ! vici\sness & lic5ti\sness ( m5 h load$ ?is subject ) vile & fil?y associations 9 vile & fil?y m9ds1 ?is is n ! fault ( ,god or ( 8 revelation4 ,! v9e w n be de/roy$1 nor ! grapes annihilat$1 because wick$ m5 make !mselves bea/s ) w9e40 #ade ,! design ( ! book1 9 our view1 h[ev]1 is n to celebrate love1 b to record an example ( virtue1 :i* is /ill m wor?y ( a place 9 ! sacr$ canon4 #b4 ,x has be5 urg$1 t ! language put by ! sacr$ writ] into ! m\? ( ! bride1 %[s t ! poem is to be allegorically int]pret$1 because 9 its lit]al s5se su* language w\ld be contr>y to nature & to ! mode/y ( wom54 8,t ?is is n a song ( human loves10 says ,dr4 ,b5nett1 #adf 8is cle> f ! beg9n+ to ! end4 ,x op5s ) ! language ( a female3 #8,let him kiss me2' x is full ( h] solicit\s seek+ aft] him2 x ab\nds ) praises ( 8 p]son1 & h] dispraises ( h]self1 ( h] p]son & h] conduct2 x invites o!r females to love him1 & x speaks ( him z h] bro!r1 & ( h] z 8 si/]4 ,let any "o exam9e ! ,song1 & !n muse ov] ^! facts1 recollect+ t ,solomon is1 9 ! op5+ ( ! poem itself1 said to be ! writ]4 ,0 ev] su* a human love-song compos$ by mortal1 s9ce man ei!r lov$ or wrote v]ses8 ,:at writ]1 ) ! feel+s1 or ! reason1 ( a man1 w\ld beg9 a poem on 8 fair "o by describ+ h] z c\rt+ him8 ,let x n be said1 #8,we mu/ n transf] our mod]n & nor!rn ideas to ! anci5t ,ori5tals1 :o _h n our delicate notions ( ! female "*2' = ?is w\ld only make my case /rong]4 ,x w\ld be m abhorr5t f ! seclud$1 submissive "* ( ,ea/]n brides to ask ! g5tlem5 to come & kiss !m1 ?an x w\ld be f ! dignifi$ confid5ce ( ,briti% wom54 ,x is n a "q ( climate or age1 b ( nature4 ,! bridegroom1 :o is suppos$ to love ?is faire/ ( wom51 himself puts into h] lips ?is spee*3 #8,let him kiss me6' ,nev] w\ld human love speak ?us4 ,?\gh m5 l to c\rt1 !y d n l to be c\rt$2 & :ile !y ?9k x cruel to be reject$ :5 !y c\rt1 !y )\t m]cy reject h] t c\rts !m2 z ! =w>d female has usually f\nd1 f ! days ( ,sappho to ?is h\r4 ,wom5 7 end[$ ) ! =m & ! qualities int5d$ to attract c\rt%ip1 & !y feel x2 & :5 !y d n feel x1 m5 despise !m4 ,no man1 !re=e1 9 8 s5ses1 w\ld ?9k to complim5t 8 fair "o by writ+ ( h]1 to h]1 z if %e _h lo/ h] retir+ mode/y1 h] female dignity1 & degrad$ h]self by do+ t = :i* e man w\ld despise h]4 ,! v fir/ ^w ( ?is ,song1 !n1 /&s a witness aga9/ ! notion ( its be+ a human love-song2 = x w\ld bett] suit ,solomon's /range woman1 t ) an impud5t face caught & kiss$ ! "y simpleton1 ?an ,solomon's pr9cess-bride1 or ,dr4 ,smi?'s suppos$ *a/e monogami/4 ,till fi%es m\nt to s+ ) l>ks on ! %ady b\ghs1 & night+ales dive to ocean's dep?s to c\rt ! :ales1 no man1 ( any age1 ( any clime1 ( any rank1 c be suppos$ to write ord9>y love-songs 9 su* a /yle4 ,we are told1 by ! fir/ ^w1 t a great] ?an ,solomon is "h1 "o :o mu/ be c\rt$1 & t loves m ?an human are ! !me4 ,?is is ! ,bridegroom ( :om ! ,psalmi/ says1 #8,he is ?y ,"l1 & wor%ip ?\ him3' #8,kiss ! ,son1 le/ he be angry1 & ye p]i% f ! way4' ,su* a sp\se may exhibit 8 ,bride z ask+ = 8 love2 e o!r mu/ pres5t himself z ask+ = h]s1 & begg+ ! acceptance ( 840 ,x is all[$ by s*ol>s ( ta/e1 t1 reg>d$ z a m]e human production1 ?is poem is inimitable4 8,e "p ( ?is ,song10 says ! le>n$ ,bi%op ,bossuet1 #adg 8ab\nds 9 poetical beauties2 ! objects :i* pres5t !mselves on e side are ! *oice/ plants1 ! mo/ beautiful fl[]s1 ! mo/ delici\s fruits1 ! bloom & vig\r ( spr+1 ! sweet v]dure ( ! fields1 fl\ri%+ & well-wat]$ g>d5s1 pleasant /reams1 & p]5nial f\nta9s4 ,! o!r s5ses are repres5t$ z regal$ ) ! mo/ preci\s od\rs1 natural & artificial2 ) ! sweet s++ ( birds1 & ! s(t voice ( ! turtle2 ) milk & honey1 & ! *oice/ ( w9e4 ,to ^! en*antm5ts are add$ all t is beautiful & graceful 9 ! human =m1 ! ende>m5ts1 ! c>esses1 ! delicacy ( love4 ,if any object be introduc$ :i* seems n to h>monize ) ?is delightful sc5e1 su* z ! awful prospect ( trem5d\s precipices1 ! wildness ( ! m\nta9s1 or ! haunts ( lions1 its effect is only to height51 by ! contra/1 ! beauty ( ! o!r objects1 & to add ! *>ms ( v>iety to ^? ( grace & elegance40 ,bi%op ,l[?1 aft] hav+ descant$ ^u "s passages1 rem>ks1 8,no?+ c be imag9$ m truly elegant & poetical ?an all ^!1 no?+ m apt or expressive ?an ^! comp>isons40 #adh ,if ! poet is s *>m+ 9 8 /yle1 s exquisite & true 9 8 picture ( nature1 surely x is b reasonable to give him cr$it = und]/&+ 8 art1 t he 0 acqua9t$ ) ! mann]s & habits ( ! wom5 ( 8 age1 & t he w\ld be z true to nature 9 ! description ( ! bride z he is 9 depict+ nature h]self4 ,if x be true t language ( su* exquisite ta/e w\ld outrage female dec5cy & mode/y :5 address$ to a human love1 x w surely be m outrage\s :5 put into ! m\? ( ! humble1 p5it5t1 & submissive ,*ur* 9 addresses to ! ,"l ( lords4 ,:]e 9 ! ,old or ,new ,te/am5t d we f9d any address f ! sa9ts to ,god or ,*ri/ resembl+ ! op5+ ( ?is poem8 ,! addresses ( ,abraham1 7,g54 xviii4 #bc-cc17 ,jacob1 7,g54 xxxii4 #aj-ac17 & ( ,solomon himself1 7#a ,k+s viii4 #bc-ec17 & ! language 9 :i* ,*ri/ has taught u to appeal to ,god1 are *>act]iz$ by ! greate/ rev]5ce & humility4 ,h[1 !n1 c x be affirm$1 t language :i* w\ld violate female mode/y & dec5cy 9 ! m\? ( a woman to a lov] :om %e prizes above all ?+s1 is becom+ 9 ! m\? ( ! ,*ur* :5 address+ ! ,holy ,"o ( ,israel8 ,dr4 ,b5nett1 h[ev]1 misund]/ood ! design ( ! book4 ,! ,song1 9 its lit]al mean+1 does n beg9 ) repres5t+ a woman c\rt+ a man1 b describes h[ a humble & virtu\s ru/ic maid5 0 tak5 away f h] belov$ into ! c\rt ( ,solomon1 & tempt$ to transf] h] affections1 by ! spl5d\r & luxuries ( royalty2 b ev5 !re1 amid/ all ! gr&eur1 & 9 spite ( all allur+ promises1 ! maid5 0 fai?ful to h] esp\sals1 & desir$ t he :om %e priz$ above all ?+s w\ld come & rescue h]4 #c4 ,x is urg$ t ! same language & imag]y employ$ 9 ! ,song1 & ! bridegroom & ! bride "h introduc$1 are else:]e spiritually appli$ to ! ,"l & 8 p4 8,?is sort ( imag]y10 says ,pr(essor ,/u>t1 8is frequ5t 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & 9 ! ,new4 ,frequ5tly are ! ,jews *>g$ ) #8go+ a :or+ aft] o!r gods1' ,exod4 xxxiv4 #ae1 #af2 ,lev4 xx4 #e1 #f2 ,numb4 xv4 #ci2 ,deut4 xxxi4 #af2 #b ,*ron4 xxi4 #ac2 ,ps4 lxxiii4 #bg2 ,ezek4 vi4 #i4 ,"h ! idea is1 t !y 7 affianc$ to ! true ,god1 & c\ld n seek aft] idols )\t incurr+ ! guilt ( adult]y4 ,s ,god calls himself ! husb& ( ! ,jews1 ,isa4 liv4 #e4 ,! nation ( ,israel is 8 bride1 ,isa4 lxii4 #d1 #e4 ,9 ,isa4 l4 #a1 ,jehovah asks1 #8,:]e is ! bill ( divorcem5t' on 8 "p1 t ,israel has dep>t$ f ,him8 ,j]emiah speaks ( ! esp\sals ( ,israel1 :5 "y1 9 ! wild]ness4 8,9 ,j]4 iii4 #a-aa1 ! prophet speaks ( ,israel z play+ ! h>lot1 & committ+ adult]y1 9 =sak+ ,jehovah4 ,9 ,ezekiel1 two long *apt]s 7xvi41 xxiii47 are occupi$ ) c>ry+ ?r\gh ! imag]y drawn f su* a connexion4 ,hosea 7i4-iii47 recognises ! same pr9ciple1 & c>ries out ! imag]y into mu* detail4 ,^! are m]ely specim5s4 ,ps4 xlv4 pres5ts ! ,m$iator1 ! ,k+ ( ,zion1 9 ! attitude ( a husb& to ! ,*ur*1 & celebrates ! union betwe5 ! =m] & ! latt]4 ,s 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t ?is imag]y is v famili>3 see ,matt4 ix4 #be2 ,john iii4 #bi2 ,rev4 xix4 #g2 xxi4 #b4 ,especially consult #b ,cor4 xi4 #b1 & ,eph4 v4 #bb-cb1 :]e ! ,apo/le has gone into mu* p>ticul>ity z to ! duties ( ! m>riage relation1 & !n av[s t he #8speaks conc]n+ ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur*4' 8,su* is ! cu/om ( ! ,hebrew writ]s & ( ! ,apo/les4 ,if1 n[1 ?is imag]y is s (t5 employ$ 9 all p>ts ( ! ,bible1 :at =bids ! idea1 t !re may be "o %ort book 9 :i* x occupies an exclusive place1 & is design$ to symbolize ! love t exi/$ betwe5 ,god & 8 anci5t p1 or ! ,*ur*2 or r1 :i* ought to h exi/$ on _! "p betwe5 ,god & 8 spiritually reg5]at$ p1 :o h become "o 79 a spiritual s5se7 ) him1 & are = ev] unit$ to him8 ,x _c be %[n1 priori1 t x is ev5 improbable40 ,fir/4 ,:at does ?is argum5t prove8 ,surely n :at ! repres5tation ( ?is poem ,,is2 x only %[s :at x might h be54 ,x %[s t if we _h indubitable pro(1 z 9 ! passages cit$1 t a :ole book 9 ! sacr$ canon is entirely devot$ to symbolize1 "u ! figure ( husb& & wife1 ! cov5ant-relation%ip subsi/+ betwe5 ,god & 8 p1 we ought n to be surpris$ at x1 s9ce x w\ld be 9 h>mony ) ^? alleg$ passages4 ,b surely x does n foll[1 t1 because we are di/9ctly told 9 "s passages ( ,scripture t ! t]ms1 husb& & wife1 are employ$ to symbolize ! relation%ip betwe5 ,god & 8 p1 t !y %\ld h ?is signification z (t5 z !y are employ$4 ,second4 ,we utt]ly d5y t ! cov5ant-relation :i* subsi/$ betwe5 ! ,"l & ,israel 0 repres5t$ by ! t]ms1 husb& & wife1 be=e ! days ( ,solomon4 ,! phrase1 1 to g :or+ aft] o!r gods1 to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made1 does n mean t ,israel1 by wor%ipp+ idols1 committ$ spiritual adult]y aga9/ ! true ,god to :om !y 7 affianc$1--?us presuppos+ ,god to be _! husb&1 & ,israel 8 wife1--b describes a lit]al fact1 ! libid9\s orgies & pro/itutions id5tifi$ ) hea!n wor%ip :i* ! ,jews indulg$ 9 :5 wor%ipp+ idols4 ,numb4 xxv4 #a2 ,hos4 iv4 #ac1 c4 ,?is is evid5t f ,exod4 xxxiv4 #ae1 #ag1 :]e ?is phrase fir/ occurs1 & is appli$ to hea!n wom5 wor%ipp+ _! own gods4 ,& ?\gh ^! wom5 /ood 9 no su* cov5ant-relation to ! ,god ( ,israel1 & !re=e c\ld n incur ! guilt ( spiritual adult]y1 yet !y are describ$ z 8:or+ aft] ,,_! gods40 ,f ^! lic5ti\s rites1 !re=e1 orig9at$ ?is phrase1 aft]w>ds us$ to describe ! wor%ip ( idols4 ,b ev5 admitt+ t x does sugge/ a m>riage relation%ip betwe5 ,god & 8 p1 ! di/ance betwe5 a sugge/ive phrase ( ?is k9d & an entire book ( m>ital descriptions is s great1 t ! "o _c be reasonably suppos$ to h sugge/$ ! o!r4 ,?ird4 ,we d5y t ev5 ! language us$ by ! prophets aft] ! days ( ,solomon1 9 ! passages cit$1 is at all analog\s to t ( ?is poem4 ,let u exam9e "s ( ! passages !mselves4 ,isa4 l4 #a3-- 8,:]e is ! bill ( y\r "m's divorce ,) :i* ,i dismiss$ h]80 ,isa4 liv4 #d-f3-- 8,fe> n1 = ?\ %alt n be a%am$1 ,& be n aba%$1 = ?\ %alt n blu%2 ,= ?\ %alt =get ! %ame ( ?y y\?1 ,& ! reproa* ( ?y wid[hood ?\ %alt rememb] no m4 ,= he w$de? !e :o made !e4 ,jehovah ( ho/s is 8 "n1 ,& ! ,holy ,"o ( ,israel r$eeme? !e4 ,he is call$ ! ,god ( ! :ole e>?4 ,= ,jehovah calle? !e1 z a =sak5 wife1 :5 _s-brok51 ,& z a wife ( y\? :5 melt+ 9 rep5tance1 sai? ?y ,"l40 ,isa4 lxii4 #d1 #e3-- 8,no m %all x be said to !e1 ,?\ =sak56 ,& no m %all x be said to ?y l&1 ,?\ desolate6 ,b ?\ %alt be call$1 ,! object ( my delight1 ,& ?y l&1 ,! m>ri$ woman2 ,= ,jehovah delighte? 9 !e1 ,& ?y l& %all be m>ri$2 ,= ! "y man %all m>ry ! virg92 ,?y *ildr5 %all m>ry !e2 ,& ) ! joy ( a bridegroom ov] 8 bride ,%all ?y ,god rejoice ov] !e40 ,j]4 iii4 #bj3-- 8,z a wife fai?lessly dep>te? f h] husb&1 ,s h ye act$ fai?lessly t[>ds me1 ,o h\se ( ,israel6 sai? ,jehovah40 ,^!1 & sev]al m ( a simil> k9d1 are ! passages ref]r$ to1 to prove t ! bridegroom & bride 9 ?is ,song mean ! ,"l & 8 p6 ,h[ totally diff]5t is ! /ra9 ( ?\ght & expression 9 ^? passages to t 9 ! ,song6 ,9 ! =m]1 ! w$d$-relation =ms ! comp>ison2 9 ! latt]1 ante-nuptial love is ! !me4 ,9 ! =m]1 ! g5]al idea ( ! figure is briefly us$1 )\t any p>ticul>s ( ! accompanim5ts2 9 ! latt]1 p>ticul>s ( ! p]sons1 dresses1 sc5]y1 are l>gely describ$4 ,9 ! =m]1 ,god is repres5t$ z ! ,high & ,holy ,"o inhabit+ et]nity1 &1 9 8 inf9ite condesc5sion & compassion1 lov+1 ) ! t5d]ness ( a husb&1 ,israel1 :o is repres5t$ z an unlovely1 ungrateful1 & unfai?ful wife2 9 ! latt]1 ! bridegroom & ! bride are plac$ ^u an equality1 nay1 ! bridegroom decl>es t 8 he>t has be5 ravi%$ by ! *>ms & fai?fulness ( ! bride4 ,9 ! =m] we are di/9ctly told t ! husb& means ! ,"l1 & ! wife ! p ( ,israel1 s t ! mo/ sup]ficial read] is compell$ to p]ceive x2 9 ! latt] we h no intimation :atev] t ! lov]s are int5d$ to repres5t ,god & 8 p1 & no read] w\ld ev] ga!r x f ! poem4 ,?is w appe> all ! m =cible :5 we rememb] t1 suppos+ ?is poem to be a description ( ! cov5ant-relation subsi/+ betwe5 ,god & 8 p1 x conta9s ! complete/ repres5tation ( ?is k9d4 ,we %\ld1 !re=e1 naturally expect t subsequ5t writ]s1 employ+ ! same figure1 w\ld borr[ some?+ ( ! imag]y & col\r+ f x4 ,b1 s f> f ?is be+ ! case1 !re is n ! slighte/ analogy betwe5 ! /ra9 ( ?\ght & expression ( ?is poem & t ( subsequ5t writ]s4 ,f\r?4 ,! #de? ,psalm1 :i* is suppos$ to celebrate1 allegorically1 ! union ( ! ,messiah & ! ,*ur*1 has be5 adduc$ z analog\s to ! ,song ( ,songs1 & !re=e an evid5ce 9 behalf ( ! allegorical int]pretation4 8,if we admit10 says ,h5g/5b]g1 8! allegorical int]pretation ( ?is ,psalm1 we %all also be oblig$ to drop ! lit]al mean+ ( ! ,song ( ,songs40 ,is x c]ta91 h[ev]1 t ?is ,psalm is all allegory8 ,! ,psalm itself gives n ! slighte/ intimation t x is to be und]/ood 9 any o!r ?an its lit]al s5se4 ,let u exam9e x3-- 8,my he>t boils ) good matt]2 ,:5 ,i ?9k my "w is = ! k+1 ,my tongue becomes z a /yle ( a quick writ]4 ,?\ art beautiful1 beautiful above ! sons ( m53 ,*>m is p\r$ ^u ?y lips1 ,!re=e ,god has bless$ !e = ev]4 ,gird ?y sword on ?y ?igh1 ,o h]o6 ,?y spl5d\r & ?y glory1 yea1 ?y glory1 ,ride on victori\sly = tru? & mildness & "r4 ,great ?+s %all ?y "r h& tea* !e6 ,?y arr[s are %>p--p fall "u !e-- ,!y d>t into ! he>t ( ! k+'s enemies6 ,?y ?rone1 ,o ,god1 /&s = ev] & ev]2 ,a sceptre ( ju/ice is ! sceptre ( ?y k+dom2 ,?\ love/ "r1 & hate/ wrong2 ,!re=e ,god1 ?y ,god1 ano9t$ !e ,) gladd5+ oil above ?y companions6 ,myrrh1 aloes1 & cassia are all ?y g>m5ts1 ,out ( ivory palaces /r+$ in/rum5ts joyfully greet !e2 ,k+s' daught]s are among ?y de> ones-- ,^u ?y "r h& /&s ! que5 9 gold ( ,ophir4 ,he>1 ,o daught]1 & see1 & incl9e ?9e e>2 ,=get ?y p & ?y fa!r's h\se1 ,t ! k+ may desire ?y beauty1 ,= he is ?y ,"l1 & hon\r ?\ him4 ,o daught] ( ,tyre1 n[ ) pres5ts ,! ri* ( ! p salute ?y face4 ,! k+'s daught] /&s 9 ! palace 9 all ! spl5d\r1 ,h] clo?+ is ( fabricat$ gold1 ,%e is l$ to ! k+ 9 wr\ght raim5t2 ,beh9d h] are ! virg9s1 h] companions1 br\ght = !e2 ,!y are conduct$ ) joy & rejoic+1 ,!y ent] ! palace ( ! k+4 ,in/ead ( ?y fa!rs %all be ?y sons2 ,?\ wilt set !m z pr9ces ov] ! :ole l&4 ,i wilt celebrate ?y "n f g5]ation to g5]ation2 ,!re=e %all nations praise !e = ev] & ev]40 ,?is ,psalm is evid5tly a congratulatory nuptial-song1 compos$ = ! occasion ( a k+'s m>riage ) a pr9cess ( ,tyre4 ,! sacr$ writ] beg9s by /at+ t su* is ! greatness ( ! subject1 t x awak5s ?\ghts too big = utt]ance2 b recollect+ t 8 "w is = ! k+1 at once 8 tongue is loos$1 & glides z rapidly z ! /ylus ( a quick writ] 7#b74 ,he !n celebrates ! k+'s beauty & eloqu5ce1 recognis+ 9 x ,god's bless+ 7#c71 8 val\r1 symboliz$ by ! conqu]+ sword1 ! prosp]\s *>iot1 ! t]rible arm1 ! well-direct$ arr[ 7#d-f71 8 div9e ?rone1 & love ( ju/ice 7#g71 8 great happ9ess1 result+ f 8 love = ju/ice 7#h71 :i* consi/s 9 ! spl5d\r ar\nd him 7#i71 9 8 magnific5t h>em1 & especially 9 ! new pr9cess-bride at 8 "r h& 7#aj74 ,hav+ gradually arriv$ at ! subject :i* is ! occasion ( ! poem1 ! sacr$ writ] n[ addresses ! bride1 &1 9 accordance ) ,ea/]n cu/om1 :i* repres5ts brides z unwill+ to leave _! p>5ts on ! day ( esp\sals 7,comp4 ,deut4 xxi4 #ac71 tell+ h] to =get h] fa!r's h\se1 z %e w h su* glory z is j describ$ 7#aa1 #ab74 ,! bride is !n pres5t$ ) gifts1 accord+ to ,ori5tal mann]s1 f ! fir/ ladies ( ! k+dom 7#ac72 %e appe>s 9 all ! spl5d\r 9 ! fir/ palace 7#ad71 & !nce conduct$ 9 gr& procession to ! k+'s palace 7#ae1 #af74 ,! m>ital procession n[ be+ ov]1 ! inspir$ writ] congratulates ! k+1 wi%+ him a happy issue 7#ag71 & concludes by say+ t 8 r5[n w rapidly spread 7#ah74 ,:at is !re 9 ?is ,psalm compell+ u to und]/& x allegorically8 ,! quotation ( ! six? v]se 9 ,hebrews i4 #h1 #i1 only proves t ?is v]se ref]s 9 a high] s5se to ! ,messiah1 b n t ! :ole ,psalm is descriptive ( him4 ,:o w\ld ?9k ( allegoriz+ ! eigh? *apt] ( ,isaiah1 because v]ses #ag & #ah are quot$ 9 ,hebrews ii4 #ac8 ,! ?rone ( ,david is decl>$ to be an ev]la/+ ?rone1 #b ,sam4 vii4 #ac1 #af2 a ?rone ( ,god1 i4e4 a div9e ?rone1 s9ce ! ,messiah 0 to be ! la/ & ev] reign+ k+4 ,h5ce x is said1 1 8& ,solomon sat ^u ! ?rone ( ,jehovah z k+ in/ead ( 8 fa!r ,david40--#a ,*ron4 xxix4 #bc4 ,e k+1 !re=e1 ( t l9eage1 occupy+ ! ?rone1 0 reg>d$ z ! repres5tative ( ,god2 z ! pr$ecessor & type ( ,him :o 0 to be born ( ! se$ ( ,david to occupy ! ?rone 9 ! highe/ s5se4 ,s t1 :e!r we translate ?y ?rone1 ,o ,god1 tak+ z a vocative1 or ?y ,god-?rone1 i4e4 ! ?rone committ$ to !e by ,god1 or1 ?\ art seat$ ^u a ?rone ( ,god1 or reg>d ! phrase z an ellipsis = 1 ?y ?rone is a ?rone ( ,god1 comes sub/antially to ! same ?+4 ,x is1 !re=e1 a gr\ndless ass]tion1 t ! :ole ,psalm is an allegory1 & ! ref]5ce to x 9 pro( ( ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! poem be=e u is nugatory4 ,b1 ev5 admitt+ t ! #de? ,psalm is an allegory1 ?is w\ld by no means prove t ! ,song ( ,songs is also an allegory1 = ! two cases diff] ess5tially4 ,9 ! =m] ! bridegroom is address$ 9 v]se #h z ,god1 & ?is v]se is quot$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 :]eas 9 ! latt] !re is no?+ ( ! k9d4 #d4 ,! cu/om ( ori5tal nations to express _! religi\s & devotional s5tim5ts "u ! disguise ( amatory & dr9k+ songs has be5 adduc$ z an argum5t 9 fav\r ( ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! ,song ( ,songs4 8,! durwee%10 #adi says ,lane1 8po9t$ out ! foll[+ poem z "o ( ^? mo/ common at ,zikrs1 & z "o :i* 0 sung at ! ,zikr :i* ,i h begun to describe4 ,i translat$ x v]se = v]se1 & imitate ! measure & sy/em ( ! orig9al1 ) ?is diff]5ce only1 t ! fir/1 ?ird1 & fif? l9es ( ea* /anza rhyme ) ea* o!r 9 ! orig9al1 b n 9 my translation4 #8,) love my he>t is tr\bl$1 ,& m9e eyelid h9d]e? sleep3 ,my vitals are dissev]'d1 ,:ile ) /ream+ te>s ,i weep4 ,my union seems f> di/ant1 ,w my love e'er meet m9e eye8 ,alas6 did n e/rangem5t ,draw my te>s1 ,i w\ld n sigh4 #8,by dre>y nights ,i'm wa/$1 ,abs5ce makes my hopes expire2 ,my te>s1 l pe>ls1 are dropp+1 ,& my he>t is wrapt 9 fire4 ,^: is l my condition8 ,sc>cely "k ,i rem$y4 ,alas6 did n e/rangem5t ,draw my te>s1 ,i w\ld n sigh4 #8,o turtle dove6 acqua9t me ,:]e=e ?us do/ ?\ lam5t8 ,art ?\ s /ung by abs5ce8 ,( ?y w+s depriv$1 & p5t8 ,he sai?1 #8,our griefs are equal2 ,worn away ) love1 ,i lie4' ,alas6 did n e/rangem5t ,draw my te>s1 ,i w\ld n sigh4 #8,o ,fir/ & ,ev]la/+6 ,%[ ?y fav\r yet to me4 ,?y slave1 ,ahh'mad ,el-,bek'ree1 #aej ,ha? no ,"l except+ ,!e4 ,by ,t-,h1 #aea ! great prophet1 ,d ?\ n 8 wi% d5y4 ,alas6 did n e/rangem5t ,draw my te>s1 ,i w\ld n sigh4' 8,i mu/ translate a few m l9es1 to %[ m /rongly ! simil>ity ( ^! songs to t ( ,solomon2 & le/ x %\ld be ?\ght t ,i h v>i$ ! expressions1 ,i %all n attempt to translate into v]se4 ,9 ! same collection ( poems sung at ,zikrs is "o :i* beg9s ) ^! l9es3-- #8,o gazelle f among ! gazelles ( ,el-,yem'en6 ,i am ?y slave )\t co/2 ,o ?\ small ( age1 & fre% ( sk96 ,o ?\ :o art sc>ce pa/ ! "t ( dr9k+ milk6' 8,9 ! fir/ ( ^! v]ses we h a comp>ison exactly agree+ ) t 9 ! conclud+ v]se ( ,solomon's ,song2 = ! ^w :i*1 9 our ,bible1 is translat$ a #8roe1' is us$ 9 ,arabic z synonym\s ) ghaza'l 7or a gazelle72 & ! m\nta9s ( ,el-,yem'en are #8! m\nta9s ( spices4' ,?is poem ends ) ! foll[+ l9es3-- #8,! phantom ( ?y =m visit$ me 9 my slumb]4 ,i said1 8,o phantom ( slumb]6 :o s5t !e80 ,he said1 8,he s5t me :om ?\ kn[e/2 ,he ^: love occupies !e60 ,! belov$ ( my he>t visit$ me 9 ! d>kness ( night2 ,i /ood1 to %[ him hon\r1 until he sat d[n4 ,i said1 8,o ?\ my petition1 & all my desire1 ,ha/ ?\ come at midnight1 & n fe>$ ! wat*m580 ,he said to me1 8,i fe>$1 b1 h[ev]1 love ,_h tak5 f me my s\l & my brea?40' 8,comp>e ! above ) ! second & five foll[+ v]ses ( ! fif? *apt] ( ,solomon's ,song4 ,f9d+ t songs ( ?is description are extremely num]\s1 & almo/ ! only poems sung at ,zikrs2 t !y are compos$ = ?is purpose1 & int5d$ only to h a spiritual s5se 7?\gh c]ta9ly n und]/ood 9 su* a s5se by ! g5]ality ( ! vulg>72 ,i _c ent]ta9 any d\bt z to ! design ( ,solomon's ,song40 ,to ?is we _c d bett] ?an quote ! able reply ( ,dr4 ,noyes3--8,n[1 z to ! fir/ ( ^! religi\s love-songs ( ! ,mahometan d]vi%es1 :atev] slight resemblance x may h to any "p ( ! ,canticles1 x diff]s ess5tially f any ( !m 9 ! circum/ance1 t ! ,supreme ,be+ is expressly introduc$ z ! object ( wor%ip4 ,)\t ?is ess5tial circum/ance1 no "o c\ld tell :e!r x 7 orig9ally compos$ = a love-song1 or a religi\s hymn express+ a long+ = a union ( ! s\l ) ,god1 accord+ to ! ,sufi philosophy & religion4 8,9 ! second poem1 quot$ by ,mr4 ,lane1 x is to be regrett$ t he did n quote ! :ole ( x2 = ,i c by no means admit ! circum/ance1 t x 0 sung by ! d]vi%es 9 _! morn+ devotions1 to be conclusive 9 reg>d to ! orig9al design ( ! hymn4 ,mr4 ,lane expressly tells u1 9 a note1 t he f\nd ! la/ six l9es ins]t$1 ) "s slight alt]ations1 z a common love-song1 9 a portion ( ! #8,?\s& & ,"o ,nights1' pr9t$ at ,calcutta1 vol4 i4 p4 #bbe2 ,lane's translation1 ii4 p4 #cdi4 ,:e!r ! :ole 0 orig9ally compos$ z a love-song or a devotional hymn1 does n appe> f ! p>ts ( x :i* ,mr4 ,lane gives u4 ,if 9 ! p>ts omitt$ !re is any cle> ref]5ce to ! ,deity1 x is unlike any ( ! ,canticles4 ,if !re is no su* ref]5ce1 ! mean+ ( ! hymn is too d\btful to all[ any inf]5ce to be drawn f x4 ,= we might z well all[ ! s++ ( ,dr4 ,watts's v]sion ( ! ,canticles to be an argum5t = _! orig9al design1 z to admit ! s++ ( ! my/ic d]vi%es to be an evid5ce ( ! orig9al design ( ! hymns4 8,be=e mak+ "s g5]al rem>ks on ?is :ole subject ( attempt+ to %[ ! "* ( ! ,canticles by ref]5ce to ! pan!i/ic poetry ( ! ,mahometan ,sufis1 x may be well to m5tion t ref]5ce has be5 made ev5 to ! poets ( ,h9do/an = ! same purpose2 especially to ! ,gitagov9da1 ! production ( a celebrat$ ,h9doo poet1 nam$ ,jayadeva4 ,?is appe>s to be a my/ical poem1 design$ to celebrate ! loves ( ,cri%na & ,radha1 or ! reciprocal attraction betwe5 ! div9e goodness & ! human s\l4 ,n[1 :atev] may be ! resemblance betwe5 ! ,gitagov9da & ,canticles 9 "s ( _! imag]y1 !re is ?is ess5tial diff]5ce1 t1 9 ! =m]1 ,cri%na 0 ! *ief inc>nate god ( ! ,h9doos1 #aeb & t !re are ref]5ces to o!r gods1 & to v>i\s sup]/itions ( ! ,h9doo my?ology2 :il/ 9 ! ,canticles !re is no ref]5ce to any b human *>act]s4 ,besides1 ! au?or ( ! ,gitagov9da cle>ly intimates its religi\s "* 9 ! conclusion ( ! poem4 8,we h se51 !n1 t !re are mat]ial diff]5ces betwe5 ! ,canticles & ! religi\s love-songs to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made4 ,b suppos+ ! resemblance to be mu* great] ?an x is1 ^? my/ical songs d n 9 any ess5tial respect resemble ! ,canticles m ?an !y d ! odes ( ,anacreon1 or "s ( ! eclogues ( ,virgil1 & ! idyls ( ,!ocritus4 ,& x is n easy to see :y ! resemblance does n prove ! religi\s "* ( ! odes ( ,anacreon z mu* z t ( ! ,canticles4 8,b1 aft] all1 ! great objection rema9s to any conclusion drawn f ! pan!i/ic my/ic poets1 :e!r ( ,p]sia or ,india1 :e!r ,mahometans or ,h9doos1 namely1 t _! productions are f\nd$ on a religion & philosophy entirely diff]5t f ! ,jewi%4 ,! ,canticles are productions ( a diff]5t c\ntry1 & sep>at$ f any ( ! songs ( ! ,sufi poets by an int]val ( ne>ly two ?\s& ye>s4 ,! ,jewi% religion has no?+ 9 common ) ! pan!i/ic my/icism on :i* ^? songs are f\nd$4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t ( a simil> "*4 ,if any production simil> to ^? my/ical love-songs _h exi/$ 9 ! religi\s lit]ature ( ! ,hebrews1 und\bt$ly we %\ld h f\nd "s 9 ! ,book ( ,psalms1 :i* comprises compositions f ! age prec$+ t ( ,david to a p]iod long aft] ! return ( ! ,jews f ! captivity at ,babylon4 ,b 9 ! mo/ f]v5t ,psalms1 ! =ty-second1 = in/ance1 no?+ ( ! k9d is f\nd4 ,nei!r is any?+ simil> to ^? my/ic songs ascrib$ to ! ,jewi% sect1 z describ$ by ,josephus & ,philo4 ,no?+ ( ! k9d is laid to ! *>ge ( ! ,ess5es4 ,x is ne$less to say1 t no?+ approa*+ to ! l "* is f\nd 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,no?+ simil> is discov]$ ev5 9 ! allegorical p>aphrase ( ! ,t>gumi/ on ! ,canticles4 ,all ^? religi\s love-songs are f\nd$ on ! ,sufi religion1 or r religi\s philosophy1 :i*1 :e!r x 0 borr[$ f ,india1 z ,von ,hamm] supposes1 or arose indep5d5tly among ! ,mahometans1 accord+ to ! op9ion ( ,?oluck1 has no connexion )1 or resemblance to1 ! ,jewi%4 ,x is z diff]5t f ! latt] z d>kness f light4 ,! argum5t1 !re=e1 :i* is drawn f ! my/ical songs ( ! ,mahometan devotees = ascrib+ a my/ical "* to ! ,canticles1 is )\t f\ndation40 #aec ,,reasons ,,aga9/ ,,! ,,allegorical ,,int]pretation4 #a4 ,9 e allegory1 or p>able1 employ$ 9 ! ,scripture1 or 9 any good human composition1 some?+ is wr\ght into its texture to indicate mo/ unmi/akably its allegorical design2 t1 "u ! g>b ( an imm$iate repres5tation1 is convey$ "o m remote4 ,?us1 9 ! #hj? ,psalm1 #i-ag1 :]e ,israel is repres5t$ "u ! allegory ( a v9e :i* came out ( ,egypt1 ! design is di/9ctly wr\ght into ! texture ( ! allegory4 ,! expression1 hea!n 771 at ! v beg9n+ ( ! allegory1 & especially ! words1 8! ,son :om ?\ ha/ *os5 = ?yself10 7 7 9 ! second clause ( v]se #ae1 :i*1 :5 comp>$ ) 8! ,son ( man1 :om ?\ ha/ *os5 = ?yself10 7 7 9 v]se #ag1 are evid5tly explanatory ( ! words1 8& protect :at ?y "r h& ha? plant$10 7 7 9 ! fir/ clause1 cle>ly to %[ ! m remote conceal$ "u ! imm$iate repres5tation4 ,?us1 also1 9 ! allegory ( ! v9ey>d1 & by ! prophet ,isaiah 7*ap4 v471 we are di/9ctly told1 9 v]se #g1 t 8! v9ey>d ( ,jehovah ( ho/s is ! h\se ( ,israel1 & ! m5 ( ,judah are 8 pleasant plantation40 ,comp>e also ,judges ix4 #g-bj2 #b ,k+s xiv4 #i1 #aj2 ,ezek4 xvi41 xxxvii4 #a-ad2 ! p>ables ( our ,savi\r1 ,acts x4 #aj-ag2 ,gal4 iv4 #bb-ca4 ,n[1 if ! au?or ( ?is poem _h int5d$ x to be und]/ood allegorically1 he w\ld h giv5 "s indication to t effect2 especially s9ce ! allegories occasionally us$ 9 "s p>ts ( ?is v book1 *ap4 iv4 #ab1 v4 #a1 vii4 #g1 #h1 are r5d]$ pla9 & obvi\s4 ,z !re is1 h[ev]1 n ! slighte/ intimation 9 ! :ole ( ?is l5g?y poem t x is design$ to be allegorical1 we are unw>rant$ to assume x4 ,to take "o portion ( ! ,scriptures allegorically1 )\t ev5 an obscure h9t ( x 9 ! writ+ itself1 is to violate ! e/abli%$ laws ( language1 & to expose all o!r portions ( ! sacr$ volume to a simil> treatm5t4 ,if "o *ooses to allegorize "o "p )\t any sanction1 ano!r may *oose to allegorize ano!r4 ,b we h no "r to dep>t f ! lit]al & obvi\s mean+1 )\t "s au?ority = x f ! inspir$ writ]4 ,?is argum5t is applicable to e allegorical int]pretation1 :e!r hi/orical or hi]oglyphical1 :e!r political or metaphysical4 #b4 ,! total sil5ce ( our ,"l & 8 apo/les respect+ ?is book is aga9/ its allegorical int]pretation4 ,if ?is ,song1 accord+ to ! fir/ & la/ allegoris]s1 8celebrates ! glories ( ! ,messiah1 & all ! m]cies :i* ?r\gh him fl[ to ! p ( ,god10 x is m spiritual & m evangelical ?an any o!r portion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t2 surpass+ ev5 ! writ+s ( ,isaiah1 :o is call$ ! fif? ,evangeli/1 & is1 9 fact1 :at ,orig5 call$ x1 8,! ,holy ( ,holies40 ,is x possible1 !n1 t our ,savi\r1 & 8 apo/les1 :o1 9 _! disputations ) ! ,jews1 s frequ5tly quot$ ! prophecies ( ,isaiah & o!r passages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 f> less evangelical & ,messianic1 w\ld nev] h ref]r$ to ?is book8 ,is x possible t ! apo/le ,paul1 :o s frequ5tly describes ! relation ( ,*ri/ to ! ,*ur* by ! union subsi/+ betwe5 husb& & wife 7#b ,cor4 xi4 #b1 ,rom4 vii4 #d1 ,eph4 v4 #bc-cb71 w\ld be sil5t ab\t a book :i*1 m ?an any o!r 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 sets =? t union8 ,! fact1 !re=e1 t our ,savi\r & 8 apo/les nev] once ref] to ?is book is aga9/ ! allegorical int]pretation4 #c4 ,is ,solomon ! man f :om a production ( su* preem95t spirituality & evangelical tru? c\ld h be5 reasonably expect$8 ,is !re any?+ 9 8 private hi/ory1 8 habits ( ?\ght1 8 moral incl9ations1 or 9 ! g5]al tone & t5d5cy ( 8 religi\s emotions1 at any p]iod ( 8 life1 z f> z !y c be ga!r$ f 8 hi/ory & writ+s1 t w\ld lead u to anticipate su* evangelical piety z ?is int]pretation presupposes8 ,! same agreem5t :i* exi/s betwe5 ord9>y writ]s & _! productions is p]ceptible 9 ! inspir$ records4 ,inspiration1 l ,provid5ce1 select$ ! fitte/ in/rum5ts = its "w4 ,?us1 betwe5 ! hi/ory ( ,moses & 8 writ+s1 ( ,david & 8 writ+s1 ( ,paul & 8 writ+s1 ( ,john & 8 writ+s1 a natural uni=mity exi/s2 & s ( o!r sacr$ au?ors4 ,accord+ly1 we h n only to suppose ,solomon to h be5 m spiritually-m9d$ ?an any "u ! ,jewi% economy1 b to h /ood ^u a level ) ! mo/ enlight5$ & ,*ri/-lov+ "u ! pres5t disp5sation1 9 ord] to write 9 su* a /ra94 ,:]e is any su* qualification 9 ,solomon1 ev5 remotely intimat$ 9 any "p ( ,scripture8 ,! wisdom :i* he ask$1 :i* he receiv$1 & = :i* he ga9$ celebrity1 0 t display$ 9 8 civil gov]nm5t1 9 social & moral tea*+1 ( :i* ! fir/-fruit 0 giv5 9 ! decision ^u ! litigation ( ! two mo!rs4 ,! poetry :i* he wrote1 consi/+ ( "o ?\s& & five songs1 ^u natural hi/ory1 n hav+ be5 deem$ wor?y ( a place 9 ! sacr$ canon1 %[s t 8 muse did n indulge 9 a devotional /ra94 ,! ,book ( ,ecclesia/es1 :i* is attribut$ to him by tradition1 is ! exp]i5ce ( a ?or\gh-go+ worldl+ & lib]t9e1 & a confession to m5 r ?an ,god4 ,! ext5sive h>em :i* he _h1 displays 8 inord9ate desire = revels & =eign wom51 :i* 9 old age inveigl$ him into ! practice ( idolatry4 8,8 wives10 z ! ,scriptures tea* u1 8turn$ away 8 he>t aft] o!r gods40 ,& ! la/ we he> ( him is1 t 88 he>t 0 n p]fect ) ! ,"l 8 ,god1 z 0 ! he>t ( 8 fa!r ,david40 ,is ?is1 !n1 ! man ^: love-song is to be reg>d$ z pre-em95tly spiritual1 & to be exalt$ z m evangelically raptur\s ?an any o!r portion ( ,holy ,writ8 ,to :at p]iod ( 8 life is ?is pre-em95t piety to be assign$8 ,if to ! latt]1 t is ! p]iod ( 8 greate/ deg5]acy2 if to ! =m]1 h[ are we to reconcile 8 apo/asy ) s high a degree ( spirituality8 ,x is difficult to conceive ( su* a m9d z t ( ,solomon br\ght at any "t into sympa?y ) ! prevail+ allegorical exposition ( ?is ,song4 ,:o c conceive t he :o caus$ an irrep>able brea* 9 8 k+dom %\ld repres5t himself z ! ,pr9ce ( ,peace1 or t he :o 0 ! embodim5t ( ! c>nal prop5sities %\ld describe1 "u ! figure ( *a/e love1 ! union ( ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*8 ,x is inconceivable4 ,z ,david 0 n qualifi$ to build ! temple1 because he _h be5 a man ( w>1 & _h %$ blood1 s ,solomon 0 n qualifi$ to write 9 su* a spiritual /ra9 conc]n+ ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur* z ! prevail+ allegorical exposition ( ?is ,song1 because he _h be5 a man ( lu/1 & _h turn$ aside to idolatry4 #d4 ,= ! same reason we _c conceive t any o!r writ] w\ld repres5t ! ,messiah z symboliz$ by ,solomon4 ,is x conceivable t he ( :om ! :ole congregation ( ,israel compla9$ to ,rehoboam1 8,?y fa!r made our yoke griev\s--n[1 !re=e1 make ?\ ! griev\s s]vice ( ?y fa!r1 & 8 heavy yoke :i* he put ^u u1 light10 w\ld be *os5 to repres5t ! ,savi\r ( ! _w1 8^: yoke is easy1 & 8 burd5 light80 ,we c und]/& :y ! pa9t] ( ! ,judgm5t ,sc5e1 among ! celebrat$ frescoes 9 ! cloi/]s ( ! ,campo ,santo at ,pisa1 9 ,italy1 9 :i* ! righte\s & ! wick$ are ga!r$ 9 _! respective positions1 plac$ ,solomon midway betwe5 !m1 z an intimation ( 8 inability to det]m9e to :i* he belong$2 b we _c und]/& h[ an inspir$ writ] c\ld *oose ,solomon1 ^: lu/s 7 display$ 9 ! revels ( an ,ea/]n h>em1 & :o 0 s$uc$ to practise idolatry1 to repres5t ,him :o 0 8holy1 h>mless1 undefil$1 & sep>ate f s9n]s10 toge!r ) ! pure & holy union subsi/+ betwe5 him & ! ,*ur*4 #e4 ,9 ! allegorical int]pretation language is attribut$ to ,*ri/ inconsi/5t ) 8 dignity & purity4 ,x is almo/ blasphem\s to suppose ,*ri/ ?us to address 8 ,*ur*3-- 8,! circuits ( ?y ?ighs are l ornam5ts1 ,! "w ( a ma/]'s h&4 ,?y navel is a r\nd goblet1 ,let n spic$ w9e be want$ 9 x6 ,?y gr[? is l a palm tree1 ,& ?y bosom l its clu/]s3 ,i long to climb ?is palm tree1 ,i long to clasp its bran*es4 ,may ?y bosom be unto me ,z ! clu/] ( ! v9e1 ,& ! od\r ( ?y brea? ,z t ( apples40--,*ap4 vii4 v]ses #b1 #c1 #g1 #h4 ,?is is ! language ( s$uction1 b x is blasphem\s :5 put into ! m\? ( ,him :o spake z nev] man spake4 #f4 ,! fact t ?ree individuals are ! pr9cipal p]sons repres5t$ 9 ?is ,song1 & n two1 is subv]sive ( ! allegorical !ory4 ,t ! poem speaks ( ?ree individuals1 a %eph]d1 a %eph]dess1 & a k+1 & t ! %eph]d1 & n ! k+1 is ! object ( ! maid5's affections1 w be evid5t to e unbiass$ read] ( ! book1 & has be5 recognis$ by "s ( ! ,rabb9s ( ! middle ages4 ,= ! sake ( avoid+ repetition1 we ref] ! read] to ! comm5t>y1 :]e ! passages po9t+ out ! di/9ctions ( p]sons are dwelt ^u at l>ge4 ,,! ,,typical ,,int]pretation4 ,! def5d]s ( ?is view ma9ta9 t ?is book records an hi/orical fact2 t x celebrates ! nuptials ( ,solomon ) ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 or "s o!r hea!n pr9cess2 & t ?is m>riage typically repres5ts ! union ( ,*ri/ ) ! ,g5tiles4 ,,reasons ,,aga9/ ,,?is ,,nuptial ,,!ory4 ,z we concur ) ^? :o seek 8no?+ m ?an a g5]al resemblance0 betwe5 ! hi/ory record$ 9 ?is poem & ! exp]i5ce ( ! p ( ,god1 we h m]ely to /ate "h our reasons = reject+ _! view ( ! n>rative4 ,no direct m5tion is made 9 any "p ( ?is long poem ( ! m>riage c]emony1 nor ( any circum/ance connect$ ) x4 ,! bride is describ$ z a %eph]dess & keep] ( ! v9ey>ds 7*ap4 i4 #f2 ii4 #ae2 viii4 #ab1 c472 z walk+ 9 ! /reets 9 ! night to seek h] belov$1 & z be+ beat5 by ! wat*m5 7iii4 #a-d2 v4 #f1 c472 :i* are incompatible ) ! notion t %e 0 ,ph>aoh's daught]1 or any o!r pr9cess4 ,besides1 ! bridegroom is n a k+1 b a %eph]d2 ,comp>e *ap4 i4 #g1 ii4 #h1 & v4 #b-d4 ,^!1 & o!r consid]ations :i* might h be5 m5tion$1 are entirely subv]sive ( ?is nuptial !ory4 ,,section ,,vii4--,,au?or1 ,,date1 ,,& ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,book4 ,! title ( ?is poem designates ,solomon z ! au?or1 b int]nal evid5ce is aga9/ x4 ,! writ] m5tions ,david 9 su* a mann] z if he 7 n 8 fa!r 7iv4 #d74 ,! words1 8,solomon _h a v9ey>d10 7 7 9 viii4 #aa1 %[ t ! au?or 0 n a contempor>y ( ,solomon4 ,! subject1 especially ( ! poem1 is decisive aga9/ ,solomon's au?or%ip4 ,x is impossible t he %\ld describe himself z hav+ attempt$ to ga9 ! esp\s$ affections ( a c\ntry maid51 & be+ defeat$ by h] virtue4 ,! title is evid5tly ! addition ( "s o!r p]son2 = ! au?or ( ! book nev] uses ! pron\n 1 b inv>iably employs ! =m 2 nor w\ld he ann\nce 8 own production z 8! f9e/ or mo/ celebrat$ ,song40 ,! exact date ( ?is poem has be5 mu* disput$4 ,! p[]ful & flu5t /yle 9 :i* x is writt51 ! orig9ality ( ! figures1 ! fre%ness ( ! l&scapes1 ! life-l descriptions ( local circum/ances1 ! imag]y drawn f ! royal c\rt ( ,solomon1 ! horses ( ,ph>aoh1 ! t[] ( ,david1 ! t[] ( ,solomon1 ! pools ( ,he%bon1 %[ t ! poem mu/ h be5 writt5 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ age ( ! ,hebrew language1 & ab\t ! "t ( ,solomon4 ,! ,aramaisms1 :i* us$ =m]ly to be adduc$ 9 ord] to transf] ! book to an age aft] ! captivity1 are n[ rightly reject$ by mod]n critics z inconclusive1 s9ce almo/ e poetical composition ( ! e>lie/ age conta9s su* ,aramaisms4 ,! ^w 7iv4 #ac71 to :i* a ,p]sian etymology has be5 assign$1 & :i* has especially be5 us$ to %[ ! late p]iod ( ?is poem1 is ( a ,%emitic orig94 ,see ,comm5t1 9 loco4 ,! =m1 = 1 is also us$ 9 ,judges v4 #g1 vi4 #ag1 vii4 #ab1 viii4 #bf1 & ) god 9 ,amos vi4 #e1 ix4 #aa1 ,hos4 iii4 #e4 ,! =m ( ! book has also be5 a matt] ( great dispute4 ,f its e>lie/ age x has be5 reg>d$ z "o cont9u$ poem 9 a dramatic =m4 ,s9ce ! "t ( ,ri*>d ,simon1 h[ev]1 :o pron\nc$ ?is book1 8summam confusionem1 9 quo vix ac ne vix quidem p]sonas disc]n]e queas10 #aed x has be5 split by _m into fragm5ts1 & 9 turn be5 reg>d$ z consi/+ ( a numb] ( eclogues1 or armorets1 z an epi?alamium1 or nuptial song1 & z a regul> drama4 ,hav+ trac$ ! unity ( ! poem 9 ,section ,,iii41 we ne$ n aga9 %[ ! uns\ndness ( ! fragm5t>y !ory1 :i* orig9at$ f a misund]/&+ ( ! design ( ! book4 ,x seems to approa* ne>e/ 9 =m to a drama4 ,yet we _c ?9k1 ) ,ewald & o!rs1 t x is a regul> drama4 ,! g5ius1 "*1 & mann]s ( ! ,%emitic nations1 _! defici5cy 9 pla/ic art1 & _! av]sion to females appe>+ on a public /age1 seem to militate aga9/ x4 ,,section ,,viii4--,,exegetical ,,helps4 ,,anci5t ,,v]sions4 #a4 ,! ,septuag9t1 be+ ! olde/ v]sion1 occupies ! fir/ place2 its deviations f ! ,hebrew h g5]ally be5 notic$ 9 ! ,comm5t>y4 #b4 ,! ,vulgate1 :i* *iefly foll[s ! ,septuag9t4 #c4 ,! ,syriac1 :i* is f> sup]ior to ! ,vulgate4 ,,jewi% ,,comm5tators4 #d4 ,ra%i1 f\nd 9 ,buxtorf's ,rabb9ical ,bible4 #e4 ,ra%bam1 rec5tly pr9t$ = ! fir/ "t4 #f4 ,ibn ,ezra2 f\nd 9 ,rabb9ical ,bible4 #g4 ,immanuel1 ,,ms4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #h4 ,an ,anonym\s ,,ms4 ,comm5t>y 9 ! ,bodleian4 #i4 ,philippson1 an excell5t mod]n comm5tator4 ,,*ri/ian ,,comm5tators4 #aj4 ,wilcock1 an old writ]4 #aa4 ,bi%op ,l[?1 ,praelect4 xxx41 xxxi4 #ab4 ,bi%op ,p]cy1 ,comm5t>y & ,annotations4 #ac4 ,mi*aelis1 ,notes to ,bi%op ,l[?'s ,praelect4 #ad4 ,jacobi1 ,das ,g]ettete ,hoheli$4 #ae4 ,durell1 ,critical ,rem>ks on ,job1 ,prov]bs1 ,ecclesia/es1 & ,canticles4 #af4 ,williams1 ,! ,song ( ,songs4 #ag4 ,good1 ,! ,song ( ,songs4 #ah4 ,umbreit1 ,li$ d] ,liebe4 #ai4 ,ewald1 ,das ,hohe ,li$ ,salomonis1 c4 #bj4 ,dpke1 ,philologis*-critis*] ,comm5t4 #ba4 ,ros5mll]1 ,s*olia 9 ,vet4 ,te/4 #bb4 ,hirzel1 ,das ,li$ d] ,li$]4 #bc4 ,magnus1 ,kritis*e ,be>beitung und ,erklrung des ,hoh5 ,li$es4 #bd4 ,noyes1 ,a ,new ,translation ( ! ,prov]bs1 ,ecclesia/es1 & ! ,canticles4 #be4 ,helig/$t's ,cont9uation ( ,maur]'s ,comm5t>y1 :i*1 by an ov]sight1 is omitt$ 9 ! ,hi/orical ,sket*1 des]ves special m5tion3 ,leipzig1 #ahdg4 #bf4 ,delitzs*1 ,das ,hohe ,li$ unt]su*t und ausgelegt4 #bg4 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,das ,hohe ,li$ ,salomonis4 #bh4 ,mei]1 ,das ,hohe ,li$ 9 deuts*] ,ueb]setzung4 #bi4 ,fri$ri*1 ,cantici ,canticorum4 #cj4 ,hitzig1 #af? ,lief4 des ,kurzg4 ,exeg4 ,h&b4 ,= a fur!r description ( ! dates & places ( ^! comm5t>ies1 see ! ,hi/orical ,sket*4 ,,! ,,song ,,( ,,songs1 ,,:i* ,,is ,,solomon',s4 ,,section ,i4 ,,*apt]s ,i4-,,ii4 #g4 ,! sc5e ( ?is division is 9 ! royal t5t ( ,solomon4 ,! ,%ulamite1 sep>at$ f h] belov$ %eph]d1 longs to be reunit$ ) him :om %e prizes above all ?+s 7#b1 #c74 ,%e implores him to come & rescue h]2 =1 ?\gh br\ght by ! k+ into 8 royal t5t1 h] love cont9ues ! same 7#d74 ,%e repels ! scornful reflection ( ! c\rt ladies :5 !y he> h] soliloquy 7#e1 #f74 ,%e implores h] lov] to tell h] :]e %e may f9d him 7#g74 ,! c\rt ladies ironically answ] ?is reque/ 7#h74 ,mean:ile ! k+ comes 91 & tries to w9 h] affections by flatt]ies & promises 7#i-aa74 ,?is attempt fails1 & %e opposes to ! k+'s love h] unabat$ atta*m5t to h] belov$ %eph]d 7#ab-;ii4 #f74 ,9 an ec/asy %e adjures ! c\rt ladies n to attempt to p]suade h] to love any "o else 7#g74 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,oh = a kiss ( ! kisses ( 8 m\?6 ,= sweet are ?y c>esses above w9e4 ,sweet is ! od\r ( ?y p]fumes1 ,:i* p]fume ?\ art1 by ?y "n diffus$ abroad1 ,!re=e d ! damsels love !e4 ,oh draw me aft] !e6 ,oh let u flee toge!r6 ,! k+ has br\ght me into 8 ap>tm5ts1 ,b we exult & rejoice 9 !e1 ,we praise ?y love m ?an w9e1 ,! upright love !e4 ,i am sw>?y1 ,o ye daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 ,z ! t5ts ( ,k$>1 ,b comely z ! pavilions ( ,solomon4 ,disda9 me n because ,i am d>k1 ,= ! sun ha? br[n$ me4 ,my "m's sons 7 sev]e ) me1 ,!y made me keep] ( _! v9ey>ds1 ,?\gh my own v9ey>d ,i nev] kept4-- ,tell me1 ,o ?\ :om my s\l love?1 ,:]e ?\ fe$e/ ?y flock1 ,:]e ?\ cause/ x to lie d[n at noon1 ,le/ ,i %\ld be roam+ ,among ! flocks ( ?y companions4 ,,daught]s ,,( ,,j]usalem4 ,if ?\ kn[e/ n1 ,o faire/ among wom51 ,g 9 ! foot/eps ( ! flocks1 ,& fe$ ?y kids ,by ! t5ts ( ! %eph]ds4 ,,solomon4 ,to my /e$ 9 ! *>iot ( ,ph>aoh ,d ,i comp>e !e1 ,o my love4 ,beautiful is ?y c\nt5ance 9 ! circlet1 ,?y neck 9 ! necklace6 ,a gold5 circlet w we make !e1 ,) /uds ( silv]4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,:ile ! k+ is at 8 table ,my n>d %all diffuse its fragrance4 ,a bag ( myrrh re/+ 9 my bosom ,is my belov$ unto me4 ,a bun* ( cypress-fl[]s f ! g>d5 ( ,en-g$i ,is my belov$ unto me4 ,,! ,,%eph]d4 ,behold1 ?\ art beautiful1 my love2 ,behold1 ?\ art beautiful1 ,?9e eyes are doves4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,behold1 ?\ art comely1 my belov$1 ,yea ?\ art lovely2 ,yea1 v]dant is our c\*2 ,our b[] is ( c$> ar*es1 ,our retreat ( cypress ro(3 ,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,i am a m]e fl[] ( ! pla91 ,a lily ( ! valley4 ,,! ,,%eph]d4 ,z a lily among ! ?orns1 ,s is my lov$ "o among ! damsels4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,z an apple-tree among ! wild trees1 ,s is my belov$ among ! y\?s4 ,i delight to sit b5ea? its %ade1 ,= delici\s is its fruit to my ta/e4 ,he l$ me into t b[] ( delight1 ,& ov]%ad$ me ) love4 ,oh1 /r5g!n me ) grape-cakes1 ,refre% me ) apples1 ,= ,i am sick ) love6 ,let 8 left h& be "u my head1 ,& 8 "r h& support me6 ,i adjure y1 ,o ye daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 ,by ! gazelles1 or ! h9ds ( ! field1 ,nei!r to excite nor to incite my affection ,till x wi%es ano!r love4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 #h-;,,iii4 #e4 ,"h we h a second sc5e1 :i* is also 9 ! royal t5t4 ,! speak]s are ! ,%ulamite & ! c\rt ladies4 ,! ,%ulamite1 to acc\nt = ! cause ( ! sev]ity ( h] bro!rs1 m5tion$ 9 ii4 #f1 relates t h] belov$ %eph]d came "o *>m+ morn+ 9 ! spr+ to invite h] to ! fields 7#h-ad72 t h] bro!rs1 9 ord] to prev5t h] f go+1 gave h] employm5t 9 ! g>d5s 7#ae72 t %e consol$ h]self ) ! assurance t h] belov$1 ?\gh sep>at$ f h] at t "t1 w\ld come aga9 9 ! ev5+ 7#af1 #ag72 t see+ he did n come1 %e1 "u difficult circum/ances1 v5tur$ to seek him1 & f\nd him 7*4 iii4 #a-d74 ,hav+ n>rat$ ^! ev5ts1 & reit]at$ h] ard5t affection = h] belov$1 %e concludes z be=e1 by adjur+ ! c\rt ladies n to p]suade h] to *ange h] love4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,h>k6 my belov$6 ,lo1 he came ,leap+ ov] ! m\nta9s1 ,b\nd+ ov] ! hills4 ,my belov$ 0 l a gazelle1 ,or ! "y "o ( a h9d4 ,lo6 !re he /ood beh9d our wall1 ,he look$ ?r\gh ! w9d[1 ,he glanc$ ?r\gh ! lattice4 ,my belov$ spake1 he spake to me1 8,arise1 my love1 my fair "o1 & come6 ,= lo1 ! w9t] is pa/1 ,! ra9 is ov]1 is gone4 ,! fl[]s appe> ^u ! fields1 ,! "t ( s++ is come1 ,! coo+ ( ! turtle-dove is he>d 9 our l&4 ,! fig-tree sweet5s h] gre5 figs1 ,! v9es blossom1 ,!y diffuse fragrance2 ,arise1 my love1 my fair "o1 & come6 ,my dove 9 ! clefts ( ! rock1 ,9 ! hid+-place ( ! cliff1 ,let me see ?y c\nt5ance1 ,let me he> ?y voice1 ,= sweet is ?y voice1 ,& ?y c\nt5ance lovely40 ,,! ,,bro!rs ,,( ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,cat* u ! foxes1 ! little foxes ,:i* de/roy ! v9ey>ds1 ,= our v9ey>ds are 9 bloom4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,my belov$ is m9e1 & ,i am 81 ,8 :o fe$s 8 flock among ! lilies4 ,:5 ! day cools1 ,& ! %ad[s flee away1 ,return1 ha/e1 ,o my belov$1 ,l ! gazelle or ! "y "o ( ! h9d1 ,ov] ! m\nta9s ( sep>ation4 ,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,:5 on my nightly c\*1 ,i /ill s\ght him :om my s\l love?2 ,i s\ght him1 b f\nd him n4 ,i mu/ arise n[ & g ab\t ! city1 ,9 ! /reets & 9 ! squ>es2 ,i mu/ seek him :om my s\l love?3 ,i s\ght him1 b f\nd him n4 ,! wat*m5 :o patrol ! city f\nd me3 8,h y se5 him :om my s\l love?80 ,sc>cely _h ,i pass$ !m1 ,:5 ,i f\nd him :om my s\l love?2 ,i seiz$ him & w\ld n let him g ,till ,i br\ght him to ! h\se ( my "m1 ,into ! ap>tm5t ( h] :o gave me bir?4 ,i adjure y1 ,o ye daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 ,by ! gazelles or ! h9ds ( ! field1 ,nei!r to excite nor to incite my affection ,till x wi%es ano!r love4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,*apt]s ,,iii4 #f4-,v4 #a4 ,! royal t5t 9 ! c\ntry is brok5 up1 & ! royal tra9 comes up to ,j]usalem4 ,"s ( ! inhabitants ( ! capital1 z !y behold x at a di/ance1 hold a dialogue respect+ x 7#f-aa74 ,! %eph]d1 com+ up to rescue 8 lov$ "o1 obta9s an int]view ) h]1 & expresses 8 delight 9 h] *>ms 7*4 iv4 #a-e74 ,! ,%ulamite mov$1 mode/ly int]rupts 8 description1 & tells him t %e is ready to escape ) him t v ev5+ 7#f74 ,he imm$iately pr(f]s 8 assi/ance1 decl>+ t h] *>ms _h inspir$ him ) c\rage suffici5t = ! occasion 7#g-i72 he describes h] *>ms 7#aj1 #aa7 & h] fai?fulness 7#ab-af74 ,! ,%ulamite decl>es t all %e possesses %all be 8 7#af74 ,"s ( ! c\rt ladies sympa?ize ) !m 7*4 v4 #a74 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,inhabitants ,,( ,,j]usalem4 ,:at is t com+ up f ! c\ntry1 ,z 9 columns ( smoke1 ,p]fum$ ) myrrh1 ) frank9c5se1 ,& all sorts ( aromatics f ! m]*ants8 ,,ano!r4 ,lo6 x is ! palanqu9 ( ,solomon1 ,ar\nd x are ?reescore valiant m5 ,f ! valiant ( ,israel3 ,all skill$ 9 ! sword1 exp]t 9 w>1 ,ea* ) 8 sword gird$ on 8 ?igh ,aga9/ ! nightly m>aud]s4 ,a ,,?ird4 ,a palanqu9 ha? k+ ,solomon made = himself1 ,( ! wood ( ,lebanon4 ,its pill>s he ha? made ( silv]1 ,its support ( gold1 its seat ( purple1 ,its int]ior tesselat$ mo/ lovely ,by ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem4 ,a ,,f\r?4 ,come out1 ye daught]s ( ,zion1 ,& behold ,k+ ,solomon2 ,! cr[n ) :i* 8 "m cr[n$ him ,on ! day ( 8 esp\sals1 ,on ! day ( 8 gladness ( he>t4 ,,! ,,%eph]d1 ,,advanc+ ,,to ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,behold1 ?\ art beautiful1 my lov$ "o1 ,behold1 ?\ art beautiful6 ,?9e eyes are doves beh9d ?y veil2 ,?y hair is l a flock ( goats1 ,spr++ d[n ,m\nt ,gilead4 ,?y tee? are l a flock ( %eep ,:i* come up f ! wa%+-pool1 ,all ( :i* are pair$1 ,& n "o among !m is b]eav$4 ,l a braid ( sc>let are ?y lips1 ,& ?y m\? is lovely3 ,l a "p ( ! pomegranate ,are ?y *eeks beh9d ?y veil2 ,?y neck is l ! t[] ( ,david1 ,re>$ = ! build]'s model3 ,a ?\s& %ields are hung ^u x1 ,all sorts ( buckl]s ( ! mighty4 ,?y bosom l two "y fawns1 ,tw9s ( a gazelle1 fe$+ among lilies4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,:5 ! day cools ,& ! %ad[s flee away1 ,i w g to ! m\nt ( myrrh1 ,to ! hill ( frank9c5se4 ,,! ,,%eph]d4 ,?\ art all beautiful1 my lov$ "o1 ,& !re is no blemi% 9 !e4 ,) me1 ) me1 my betro!d1 ,?\ %alt g f ,lebanon2 ,?\ %alt g f ! heights ( ,amana1 ,f ! summit ( ,%5ir & ,h]mon1 ,f ! habitations ( lions1 ,f ! m\nta9s ( pan!rs4 ,?\ ha/ embold5$ me1 ,my si/]1 my betro!d1 ,?\ ha/ embold5$ me1 ,) "o ( ?9e eyes1 ,) "o ( ! *a9s ( ?y neck4 ,h[ sweet is ?y love1 ,o my si/]1 my betro!d6 ,h[ sweet is ?y love above w9e6 ,& ! fragrance ( ?y p]fumes above all ! spices6 ,?y lips1 ,o my betro!d1 di/il honey3 ,honey & milk are "u ?y tongue1 ,& ! od\r ( ?y g>m5ts is z ! smell ( ,lebanon4 ,a clos$ g>d5 art ?\1 my si/]1 my betro!d1 ,a clos$ g>d51 a seal$ f\nta94 ,?y %oots l a g>d5 ( pomegranates1 ,) preci\s fruits1 ,cypresses & n>ds1 ,n>d & crocus1 ,calamus & c9namon1 ,) all sorts ( frank9c5se trees1 ,myrrh & aloes2 ,) all k9ds ( excell5t aromatics1 ,) a g>d5-f\nta91 ,a well ( liv+ wat]s1 ,& /reams fl[+ f ,lebanon4 ,arise1 ,o nor? w9d6 & come1 ?\ s\?6 ,bl[ ^u my g>d51 ,t its p]fumes may fl[ out6 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,let my belov$ come into 8 g>d5 ,& eat its delici\s fruits6 ,,! ,,%eph]d4 ,*ap4 ,v4 ,i am com+ into my g>d51 my si/]1 my betro!d3 ,i am ga!r+ my myrrh ) my spices1 ,i am eat+ my honeycomb ) my honey1 ,i am dr9k+ my w9e ) my milk4 ,,"s ,,( ,,! ,,daught]s ,,( ,,j]usalem4 ,eat1 ,o fri5ds6 ,dr9k1 & dr9k abundantly1 ,o belov$6 ,,section ,,iv4 ,,*apt] ,v4 #b-,,viii4 #d4 ,! ,%ulamite relates to ! c\rt ladies a dream :i* %e has _h1 9 :i* %e manife/s great atta*m5t = h] belov$ 7#b-h74 ,! c\rt ladies1 surpris$ at ?is extraord9>y en?usiasm1 ask :at !re is p>ticul> 9 8 p]son to cause su* an atta*m5t 7#i74 ,! ,%ulamite !n gives a description ( him 7#aj-af74 ,:]eupon ! c\rt ladies inquire :]e he is1 & (f] to seek him 7*4 vi4 #a74 ,! ,%ulamite1 suspect+ _! int5tion1 gives an evasive answ] to _! inquiry 7#b1 #c74 ,! k+1 hav+ he>d ! ,%ulamite's belov$ m5tion$1 imm$iately comes =w>d & seeks to w9 h] affections 7#d-i72 9 exalt+ h] beauty1 he repeats h[ ! c\rt ladies _h prais$ h] :5 !y fir/ saw h] 7#aj74 ,! ,%ulamite1 hav+ expla9$ h[ %e came to be se5 by ! c\rt ladies1 )draws 7#aa1 #ab47 ,! k+ calls h] back 7*4 vii4 #a72 &1 z %e returns1 describes h] *>ms1 & wi%es to enjoy ! love ( "o s beautiful 7#b-aj74 ,! ,%ulamite refuses ! k+'s desire1 /at+ t h] affections 7 esp\s$ 7#aa72 !n address+ h]self to h] belov$1 %e asks him to g home ) h]1 & descants ^u _! rural pleasures 7#ab-ad74 ,rememb]+1 h[ev]1 t circum/ances ev5 at home prev5t$ ! full manife/ation ( h] love1 %e longs = ^? ob/acles to be remov$ 7*4 viii4 #a1 #b74 ,ov]come by h] feel+s1 %e wi%es t none b h] belov$ may support h] 7#c71 & ) ! little /r5g? %e has left1 adjures ! c\rt ladies n to p]suade h] to *ange h] love 7#d74 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,i 0 sleep+1 b my he>t kept awake1 ,h>k6 my belov$6 he is knock+6 ,op5 to me1 my si/]1 my love6 ,my dove1 my p]fect beauty6 ,= my head is fill$ ) dew1 ,my locks ) ! drops ( ! night4 ,i h put (f my tunic1 ,h[ %all ,i put x on8 ,i h wa%$ my feet1 ,h[ %all ,i soil !m8 ,my belov$ )drew 8 h& f ! door hole1 ,& my he>t 0 disquiet$ )9 me4 ,i imm$iately arose to op5 to my belov$1 ,& my h&s dropp$ ) myrrh1 ,& my f+]s ) liquid myrrh1 ,^u ! h&les ( ! bolt4 ,i op5$ to my belov$1 ,b my belov$ _h )drawn1 0 gone6 ,my s\l dep>t$ :5 he spoke ( x6 ,i s\ght him1 & f\nd him n2 ,i call$ him1 & he answ]$ me n4 ,! wat*m5 :o patrol ! city f\nd me3 ,!y beat me1 !y w\nd$ me2 ,! keep]s ( ! walls /ripp$ me ( my veil+ g>m5t4 ,i adjure y1 ,o ye daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 ,if ye %all f9d my belov$1 ,:at w ye tell him8 ,tell him t ,i am sick ( love4 ,,daught]s ,,( ,,j]usalem4 ,:at is ?y belov$ m ?an ano!r belov$1 ,o ?\ faire/ among wom58 ,:at is ?y belov$1 m ?an ano!r belov$1 ,t ?\ ?us adjure/ u8 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,my belov$ is :ite & ruddy1 ,di/+ui%$ above ?\s&s2 ,8 head is z ! f9e/ gold1 ,8 fl[+ locks are black z ! rav54 ,8 eyes1 l doves 9 wat] /reams1 ,are ba?+ 9 milk1 sitt+ on fulness2 ,8 *eeks are l b$s ( balsam1 ,elevations ( aromatic plants2 ,8 lips are l lilies di/ill+ liquid myrrh4 ,8 h&s l gold5 cyl9d]s1 inlaid ) *rysolite1 ,8 body is l poli%$ ivory1 cov]$ ) sapphires4 ,8 legs are l pill>s ( m>ble ,bas$ ^u p$e/als ( gold4 ,8 aspect is l t ( ,lebanon4 ,he is di/+ui%$ z ! c$>s4 ,8 voice is exquisitely sweet2 ,yea1 8 :ole p]son is exce$+ly lovely4 ,su* is my belov$1 su* my fri5d1 ,o daught]s ( ,j]usalem4 ,,daught]s ,,( ,,j]usalem4 ,*ap4 ,,vi4 ,:i!r is ?y belov$ gone1 ,o ?\ faire/ among wom58 ,:i!r is ?y belov$ turn$ away8 ,say1 t we may seek him ) !e4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,my belov$ is gone d[n into 8 g>d51 ,to ! b$s ( aromatics1 ,to fe$ 9 ! g>d5s1 & to ga!r lilies4 ,i am my belov$'s1 & my belov$ is m9e2 ,he :o fe$s 8 flock among ! lilies4 ,,solomon4 ,graceful art ?\1 ,o my love1 z ,tirzah1 ,beautiful z ,j]usalem1 ,awe-inspir+ z bann]$ ho/s6 ,turn away ?9e eyes f me1 ,= !y inspire me ) awe6 ,?y hair is l a flock ( goats ,spr++ d[n ,m\nt ,gilead2 ,?y tee? are l a flock ( %eep1 ,:i* come up f ! wa%+-pool2 ,all ( :i* are pair$1 ,& n "o among !m is b]eav$4 ,l a "p ( ! pomegranate ,are ?y *eeks beh9d ?y veil4 ,i h ?reescore que5s1 ,& f\rscore concub9es1 ,& maid5s )\t numb]2 ,b %e is my only "o1 my dove1 my p]fect beauty1 ,%e1 ! delight ( h] "m1 ,%e1 ! d>l+ ( h] p>5t6 ,! damsels saw h] & prais$ h]2 ,! que5s also1 & ! concub9es1 & extoll$ h] ?us3 8,:o is %e t looks =? z ! morn1 ,beautiful z ! moon1 bright z ! sun1 ,awe-inspir+ z bann]$ ho/s80 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,i w5t d[n into ! nut-g>d51 ,to look among ! gre5 plants by ! riv]1 ,to see :e!r ! v9e 0 budd+1 ,:e!r ! pomegranates 7 9 bloom4 ,unwitt+ly _h my long+ s\l br\ght me ,to ! *>iots ( ! companions ( ! pr9ce4 7,%e goes away74 ,,solomon4 ,*ap4 ,,vii4 ,return1 return1 ,o ,%ulamite1 ,return1 return1 t we may look at !e4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,:at w y behold 9 ! ,%ulamite8 ,,solomon4 ,l a dance to d\ble *oirs4 ,h[ beautiful are ?y feet 9 s&als1 ,o noble maid56 ,! circuits ( ?y ?ighs l ornam5ts1 ,! "w ( a ma/]'s h&s4 ,?y navel is l a r\nd goblet1 ,let n spic$ w9e be want$ 9 x2 ,?y body is l a heap ( :eat1 ,h$g$ r\nd ) lilies4 ,?y bosom is l two "y fawns1 ,tw9s ( a gazelle4 ,?y neck is l an ivory t[]2 ,?9e eyes are z ! pools 9 ,he%bon1 ,by ! popul\s gate2 ,?y nose is z ! t[] ( ,lebanon1 ,look+ t[>ds ,damascus4 ,?y head ^u !e z purple1 ,& ! tresses ( ?y head z crimson4 ,! k+ is captivat$ by ! r+lets3 ,h[ beautiful & h[ *>m+1 ,o love1 9 ?y fasc9ations6 ,?is ?y gr[? is l a palm-tree1 ,& ?y bosom l its clu/]s4 ,i long to climb ?is palm-tree1 ,i long to clasp its bran*es4 ,may ?y bosom be unto me ,z ! clu/]s ( ! v9e1 ,& ! od\r ( ?y brea? ,z t ( apples2 ,& ?y spee* z delici\s w9e1 ,:i* to my fri5d fl[s d[n ) mell[$ sweetness1 ,& causes slumb]+ lips to speak4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,i belong to my belov$1 ,& x is = me to desire him4 ,come1 my belov$1 let u g into ! c\ntry1 ,let u abide 9 ! villages4 ,we w g e>ly to ! v9ey>ds1 ,we w see :e!r ! v9e fl\ri%es2 ,:e!r ! buds op52 ,:e!r ! pomegranates blossom2 ,!re w ,i give !e my love4 ,! m&rakes diffuse fragrance1 ,& at our door are all sorts ( delici\s fruit1 ,bo? new & old2 ,i h res]v$ !m1 ,o my belov$1 = !e6 ,*ap4 ,,viii4 ,oh t ?\ w]t z my bro!r1 ,z "o :o _h be5 n\ri%$ 9 ! bosom ( my "m6 ,if ,i f\nd !e 9 ! /reet ,i w\ld kiss !e1 ,& %\ld no m be reproa*$4 ,i w\ld lead !e !nce1 ,i w\ld br+ !e into ! h\se ( my "m2 ,?\ %\ld/ be my tea*]1 ,i w\ld cause !e to dr9k ,( ! aromatic w9e1 ,( my pomegranate juice4 ,let 8 left h& be "u my head1 ,& 8 "r h& support me6 ,i adjure y1 ,o daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 ,nei!r to incite nor to excite my affection ,till x desires ano!r love4 ,,section ,v4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 #e-ad4 ,! ,%ulamite1 releas$ f ! palace1 returns to h] native place ) h] belov$ 7#e74 ,on _! way home !y visit ! spot :]e !y _h be5 fir/ pl$g$ to ea* o!r2 & !re !y r5ew _! v[s 7#f1 #g74 ,on _! arrival at ! ,%ulamite's home1 h] bro!rs are rem9d$ ( ! promise !y _h made to rew>d _! si/]'s virtue 7#i1 #aj74 ,! ,%ulamite m5tions ! greatness ( h] temptations1 & h] victory ov] !m 7#aa1 #ab74 ,! %eph]ds visit h]1 to :om %e decl>es1 accord+ to reque/1 h] unabat$ atta*m5t to h] belov$ %eph]d 7#ac1 #ad74 ,,! ,,companions ,,( ,,! ,,%eph]d4 ,:o is x t comes up f ! pla91 ,lean+ ^u h] belov$8 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,"u ?is apple-tree ,i won ?y he>t1 ,"h ?y "m travail$1 ,"h lab\r+ %e gave !e bir?4 ,oh1 place me z a seal ^u ?y he>t1 ,z a seal ^u ?9e h&6 ,= love is /rong z dea?1 ,affection z inexorable z ,hades4 ,its flames are flames ( fire1 ,! flames ( ! ,et]nal4 ,floods _c qu5* love2 ,/reams _c sweep x away4 ,if "o %\ld (f] all 8 weal? = love1 ,he w\ld be utt]ly despis$4 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,bro!rs ,,( ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,our si/] is /ill "y1 ,& is n yet m>riageable4 ,:at %all we d = our si/]1 ,:5 %e %all be dem&$ 9 m>riage8 ,,ano!r ,,bro!r4 ,if %e be l a wall1 ,we w build ^u h] a silv] turret4 ,b if %e be l a door1 ,we w enclose h] ) bo>ds ( c$>4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,i am l a wall1 ,& my bosom is z t[]s6 ,!n ,i 0 9 8 eyes ,z "o t f9de? fav\r4 ,solomon _h a v9ey>d 9 ,baal-hammon2 ,he let out ! v9ey>d to t5ants2 ,ea* ( :om yield$ = ! fruit ( x ,a ?\s& %ekels ( silv]4 ,i w keep my own v9ey>d3 ,be ! ?\s&s ?9e1 ,o ,solomon1 ,& ! two hundr$s to ! keep]s ( its fruit6 ,,! ,,%eph]d4 ,o ?\ t dwelle/ 9 ! g>d5s1 ,my companions are li/5+ to ?y voice1 ,let me he> ?y voice6 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,ha/e1 ,o my belov$1 ,& be l ! gazelle1 z ! "y "o ( ! h9d1 ,ov] ! m\nta9s ( spices4 ,,notes #b4 ,oh = a kiss1 c4 ,t ! speak] is a ,%ulamite %eph]dess :o _h be5 sep>at$ by k+ ,solomon f h] belov$1 & t %e desires to be reunit$ ) him1 is evid5t f v]ses #d1 #g1 #h2 vii4 #a1 c4 ,excit$ by ! pa9 ( sep>ation1 ! damsel wi%es t h] belov$ 7 pres5t1 t he c\ld kiss h]1 = 8 c>esses w\ld *e] h] fa9t+ he>t m ?an ! be/ ( w9es4 ,w9e1 ei!r pure or mix$ 7see infra1 vii4 #c71 is (t5 spok5 ( by ! sacr$ & pr(ane poets z delight+ ! he>ts ( bo? gods & m51 & reviv+ _! droop+ spirits4 7,judges ix4 #ac2 ,ps4 civ4 #ae2 ,prov4 xxxi4 #f2 ,eccl4 x4 #ai47 ,h5ce ,hel5 gave a b[l ( mix$ w9e to h] gue/s oppress$ ) grief1 to raise _! spirits4 7,hom4 ,odyss4 iv4 #bbj47 ,yet ! ,%ulamite decl>es t %e pref]r$ ! c>esses ( h] belov$ to ?is highly priz$ cordial4 ,! imp]fect =m is us$ optatively or voluntatively1 8,oh t he w\ld kiss me60 7,ges54 #abg1 #c b2 ,ewald1 #bbd a72 i4e4 a kiss3 ! subject1 ei!r 9 ! s+ul> 7,g54 xxviii4 #aa1 comp>e v4 #ah2 ,exod4 vi4 #be2 ,ps4 cxxxvii4 #c71 or plural 7,g54 xxx4 #ad2 ,exod4 xvii4 #e2 #b ,sam4 xi4 #ag71 is to be suppli$ f ! plural n\n 1 z indicat$ by ! p>titive 4 7,comp>e ,ges54 #aed1 #c c2 ,ewald1 #bag1 b1 i4 b47 ,! s+ul>1 h[ev]1 is pref]able1 = ! ,%ulamite does n wi% s mu* = a numb] ( kisses z = ! pres5ce ( h] belov$2 "o w\ld be suffici5t if he c\ld only come4 ,we ?us obta9 a phrase 1 to kiss a kiss1 i4e4 to give a kiss2 correspond+ to 1 to c\nsel a c\nsel1 i4e4 to give c\nsel1 #b ,sam4 xvi4 #bc2 1 #b ,k+s xiii4 #ad4 ,?is con/ruction is ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 ,hebrew1 & is also f\nd 9 ,greek & ,lat92 7,comp>e 1 pugnam pugn>e2 ,ges54 #ach i41 ,rem4 #a2 ,ewald1 #bha a47 ,! r5d]+1 !re=e1 ( by ) 7,lu!r1 ,engli% ,v]sion1 ,good1 ,williams1 c47 is incorrect4 ,ewald's & ,h]xheim]'s translation1 ,let "o ( ! kisses kiss me1 is bo? incongru\s & ungrammatical2 = 9 ! fir/ place1 x is n ! kiss t kisses1 b ! individual2 & secondly1 is fem99e1 :i* w\ld require 1 ! ?ird fem4 1 prop4 love1 ! ab/ract1 :i*1 z 9 ,greek & ,lat91 is 9 ,hebrew frequ5tly express$ by ! plural1 7comp4 1 life1 1 sweetness1 1 beauty2 vide infra1 v4 #af2 ,ges54 #ajh1 #b a2 ,ewald1 #agi a71 "h metonomically = ! expressions ( x--love-tok5s1 c>esses4 ,s ,lee1 ,magnus1 ,noyes1 ,fr/1 ,philippson1 c4 ,?is r5d]+ is dem&$ by ! context1 = ?is clause gives ! cause ( ! /atem5t 9 ! prec$+ "o4 ,! *ange f ! ?ird p]son 1 to ! second 1 or f ! second to ! ?ird p]son1 is an enallage ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 sacr$ poetry4 7,deut4 xxxii4 #ae2 ,isa4 i4 #bi2 ,j]4 xxii4 #bd2 ,ges54 #acg1 #c1 ,rem4 #c47 ,! ,sept4 & ,vulg4 h 1 ?y brea/s1 in/ead ( 1 ?y c>esses4 ,t ?is is a gross error is evid5t f ! fact t a man & n a woman is "h address$4 ,to appeal to ! cata*resis 9 ,isa4 lx4 #af1 w\ld be prepo/]\s4 #c4 ,sweet is ! od\r1 c4 ,o9tm5ts1 l w9es1 7 us$ by ! anci5ts z cordials 7,prov4 xxvii4 #i71 & z re/oratives 9 consequ5ce ( _! suppos$ sanative prop]ties4 ,h5ce ! ano9t+ ( ! sick4 7,isa4 i4 #f1 c42 ,j]4 viii4 #bb47 ,! fa9t+ ,%ulamite1 !re=e1 m5tions ?is second cordial4 ,! 9 signifies 91 z reg>ds1 quoad1 & is frequ5tly us$ = ! sake ( giv+ prom95ce to an idea4 ,?us 8,solomon 0 great] ?an all ! k+s ( ! e>? 1 9 or z reg>ds ri*es & wisdom40 7#a ,k+s x4 #bc47 ,comp>e also ,exod4 xx4 #e1 #f2 ,ewald1 #bag a4 ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 #e1 f4 ,! ,sept4 has in/ead ( 2 or x may be1 fav\rs ! view ( ,dpke1 ,heilig/$t1 ,mei]1 c41 t ! introduces ! nom9ative2 b ?is requires ano!r anomaly1 viz41 to ref] 1 to ! nom5 rectum1 in/ead ( reg5s1 & does n at all improve ! s5se4 ,! ,syriac1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 ,p]cy1 ,williams1 ,noyes1 c41 take ! 9 ! s5se ( 1 because1 & connect x ) 1 !re=e1 ( ! la/ clause2 b ^! words are nev] us$ toge!r = cause & effect4 ,besides1 ?is explanation1 l ! =m]1 int]rupts ! s5se2 = ! fa9t+ damsel evid5tly ref]s "h to ! second re/orative4 ,lu!r /rangely r5d]s ?is clause1 dass man de9e gute ,salbe rie*e4 ,kleuk]1 ,ros5mll]1 ,ewald1 ,delitzs*1 ,philippson1 c41 translate to ! smell2 b ?is is contr>y to ! usus loqu5di1 z is nev] us$ = ! organ :i* inhales1 b inv>iably means some?+ exhal$ or emitt$4 ,hodgson r5d]s 1 l ! sc5t2 b nev] signifies l4 ,! in/ance 9 ,deut4 xi4 #ah1 adduc$ 9 support ( 8 ass]tion1 is gratuit\s1 = ! 9 has n t mean+4 ,:i* p]fume ?\ art1 by ?y "n1 c4 ,?is clause is explanatory ( ! prec$+ "o1 8,sweet is ! od\r ( ?y p]fumes1 because ?\ art t p]fume40 ,! comp>ison ( an agreeable p]son to p]fumes arose f ! great requisition ( aromatics 9 ! ,ea/4 ,9 w>m climates p]spiration is pr(use1 & mu* c>e is ne$ful to prev5t its (f5siv5ess4 ,h5ce ! use ( p]fumes p>ticul>ly at w$d+s1 fea/s1 on visits to p]sons ( rank 7#b ,sam4 xii4 #bj2 ,ps4 xlv4 #h2 ,prov4 vii4 #ag2 ,amos vi4 #f71 & mo/ ( ! occasions :i* br+ p toge!r ) ! int5tion ( be+ agreeable to "o ano!r4 ,h5ce ! pleasant od\rs diffus$ by p]fumes soon became a metaphor to express ! attractions :i* an agreeable p]son ?r[s ar\nd him 7,eccl4 vii4 #a71 j z an (f5sive smell is us$ to express ! contr>y idea4 7,g54 xxxiv4 #cj2 ,exod4 v4 #ba47 ,! ^w 1 be+ tak5 z ! ?ird p]son fem41 has greatly p]plex$ int]pret]s4 ,= nei!r 1 to :i* ! ,sept41 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 ,immanuel1 c41 ref] x1 nor 1 to :i* x is ref]r$ by ,ewald1 ,ges5ius1 c41 ev] occurs z fem99e4 ,o!rs1 to ov]come ?is difficulty1 h ei!r tak5 z a prop] "n 7,syria4 ,r4 ,tobiah7 or z an appellative 7,bo*>t1 ,hi]on4 ii4 #d1 #bf47 ,! true solution seems to be t ! ^w 9 "q is n ! ?ird p]son fem99e b ! second p]son mascul9e4 ,s ,ra%i1 ,mi*aelis1 ,h5g/5b]g1 c4 ,! words lit]ally translat$ w\ld be1 l oil art ?\ p\r$ =?1 ) reg>d to ?y "n4 1 is ! second accusative1 comp4 ,ps4 lxxxiii4 #ai2 ,ewald1 #bha1 #c c4 ,! words & =m a p>anomasia4 ,?is figure1 :i* consi/s ( words rang$ toge!r ( simil> s\nd1 b diff]+ 9 s5se1 is frequ5tly us$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 & also occurs 9 ! ,new4 7,comp>e 1 ,luke xxi4 #aa1 & ,acts xvii4 #be47 ,!re=e d ! damsels love !e4 ,h[ natural = a woman1 greatly admir+1 & dot+ly atta*$ to h] belov$1 to ?9k t e damsel mu/ be enam\r$ ( him6 ,! mo/ probable d]ivation ( ! mu*-disput$ 1 is f 1 to come up1 to gr[ up2 h5ce ! ,poel 1 a gr[?1 a *ild1 1 "o gr[+ up2 ) ! t]m9ation -1 7,comp>e ,alma1 9 ,lat91 f alo1 1 & ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 #b c17 & ! fem99e 1 a gr[+ damsel1 )\t any ref]5ce to ! idea ( virg9ity1 = :i* is inv>iably us$2 ,joel i4 #h1 n except$4 is "h us$1 n to indicate t ! m>riage 0 consummat$1 b because ! ,jews reg>d$ p>ties consecrat$ to ea* o!r f ! v mom5t !y 7 betro!d4 ,h5ce ,m>y is call$ ! wife ( ,joseph1 & he h] husb&4 7,comp>e ,matt4 i4 #ai1 #bj1 c47 ,o!r d]ivations assign$ to 1 su* z 1 to be fat1 full1 ripe1 m>riageable 7,ges5ius1 c471 or be+ excit$1 h5ce y\? z be+ peculi>ly subject to x 7,lee72 or 1 to hide1 be conceal$1 unreveal$1 unkn[n2 h5ce & 1 p]sons ( a y\?ful age :o 7 de/itute ( ! k :i* spr+s f sexual int]c\rse 7,h5d]son7 are exce$+ly =c$4 ,j]ome's ass]tion1 z also ,wordswor?'s1 on ,matt4 i4 #bc1 t 1 is ! designation ( a virg91 because x signifies kept secret1 z a virg9 is "u ! c>e ( h] p>5ts1 is gratuit\s1 = 1 is =m$ f 1 a "y man1 ( :om ?is _c be said4 #d4 ,oh draw me1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite wi%es t h] belov$ %\ld n only come & *e] h] fa9t+ he>t ) ! tok5s ( 8 love1 b take h] away altoge!r4 belongs to 4 7,comp>e ,job xxi4 #cc47 ,s ! ,*aldee1 ,immanuel1 ,lu!r1 ,m5delssohn1 ,kleuk]1 ,p]cy1 ,hodgson1 ,ewald1 ,mei]1 ,hitzig1 ,philippson1 c4 ,! ,septuag9t r5d]s 1 by 1 mi/ak+ x = 1 & adds aft] 1 evid5tly an int]polation f ! fir/ clause ( ! ?ird v]se1 :i* ! ,vulgate1 ,p]cy1 c41 foll[4 ,! k+ has br\ght me1 c4 ,x 0 ! k+1 %e tells u1 :o br\ght h] into 8 ap>tm5ts1 & ?us sep>at$ h] f h] belov$1 9 :om1 h[ev]1 %e /ill delights4 ,t ?is is ! import ( ?is clause is obvi\s f ! words & connexion4 ,! ,%ulamite began ) invok+ h] abs5t belov$ 9 ! ?ird p]son2 b no soon] _h %e express$ h] desire to be ) him1 ?an he is1 z x 71 pres5t to h] m9d1 & %e =?)1 dropp+ ! ?ird p]son1 addresses him 9 ! second1 & s cont9ues to speak to him ?r\gh\t ! ?ird v]se4 ,%e beg9s ! f\r? v]se 9 ! same way1 implor+ h] belov$1 9 ! second p]son1 to take h] away1 tell+ him t 8! k+1 #8,,he1' has br\ght h] into 8 ap>tm5ts0 7m>k ! *ange f ! second to ! ?ird p]son72 & !n cont9ues & f9i%es h] address to h] belov$ 9 ! second p]son4 ,n[ we ask1 d n ! words 1 ! k+1 8,,he10 has br\ght me into 8 ap>tm5ts1 plac$ betwe5 1 d 8,,?\0 draw me aft] !e1 & 1 we exult & rejoice 9 8,,!e10 c41 cle>ly %[ t ! k+ "h ref]r$ to is a sep>ate p]son f ! belov$ to :om ! maid5 is address+ h]self8 ,we v5ture to affirm t few read]s ( ! orig9al ,hebrew1 ^: m9ds are n biass$ by a preconceiv$ !ory1 c c>efully p]use ^! ?ree v]ses )\t obs]v+ t ,,two p]sons are "h introduc$--viz4 ! belov$ to :om1 & ! k+ ( :om1 ! damsel speaks4 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,immanuel1 ! ,anonym\s ,,ms4 ,comm5t>y1 c41 c\ld n help see+ ?is1 & expla9$ ! passage1 8,7 ev5 ! k+ to br+ me into 8 ap>tm5ts1 ,i %\ld rejoice & be glad 9 !e0 7! %eph]d74 ,! ,septuag9t1 :i* is foll[$ by ! ,vulgate1 has aga9 1 ?y brea/1 in/ead ( 1 ?y love2 b see supra1 v]4 #b4 ,! upright love !e4 ,! ^w 1 is expla9$ by ,ra%i1 ,ra%bam1 ,dpke1 ,de ,wette1 ,ros5mll]1 ,ges5ius1 c41 by s9c]ely1 uprightly2 ,ibn ,ezra1 :o is foll[$ by ,h\bigant1 takes x z an adjective = w9e1 i4e4 1 w9e t glides d[n smoo?ly2 & ,ewald1 ,boo?royd1 ,magnus1 ,hitzig1 c41 r5d] x des]v$ly1 ju/ly4 ,z = 1 x is ei!r ref]r$ to 1 ! damsels love !e m ?an w9e 7,ibn ,ezra72 or is tak5 imp]sonally1 i4e4 ?\ art s9c]ely or des]v$ly belov$4 7,ewald1 ,magnus1 c47 ,b ?is is aga9/ ! /ructure ( ^! v]ses4 ,= ! second & ?ird v]ses1 consi/+ ( five memb]s1 =m "o /anza1 f9i%+ ) ! words 2 & x is evid5t t ! f\r? v]se1 also consi/+ ( five memb]s1 is ( ! same /ructure1 & t ! conclud+ words 1 are int5d$ to correspond to ^? at ! end ( ! fir/ /anza4 1 !re=e1 mu/ be tak5 z a p>allelism ) 1 & means ! upright4 ,s ! ,septuag9t 7 1 ! ab/ract = concrete71 ,symma*us1 7 17 ! ,vulgate 7recti diligant te71 ! ,*aldee 7 71 ,engli% ,v]sion 7m>g971 ,m5delssohn1 ,philippson1 c4 1 ! upright1 is design$ly *os5 9 pref]5ce to 1 damsels1 9 ord] to give an indirect & g5tle bl[ to him :o _h sep>at$ h] f h] belov$4 8,!e1 ! upright1 & n ! s$uc$ love40 #e4 ,i am sw>?y1 c4 ,! c\rt ladies1 indignant at ?is /atem5t1 look$ ) affect$ disda9 ^u ! discol\r$ ru/ic girl4 ,! ,%ulamite repels ^! disda9ful looks1 = %e kn[s t1 ?\gh sw>?y1 %e is comely1 else ! k+ w\ld n h notic$ h]4 ,a simil> idea occurs 9 ,!ocritus 7,idyl4 x4 #bf-bi71 :]e ,bambyce1 ?\gh sun-burnt1 is call$ beautiful4 1 1 1 4 1 4 ' 4 8,*>m+ ,bambyce1 ?\gh "s call y ?91 ,& blame ! tawny col\r ( y\r sk92 ,yet ,i ! lu/re ( y\r beauty own1 ,& deem y l ,hyblaean honey-br[n4 ,! lett]'d hyac9?'s ( d>ksome hue1 ,& ! sweet violet a sable blue2 ,yet ^! 9 cr[ns ambrosial od\rs %$1 ,& grace fair g>l&s t adorn ! head40 ,comp>e also ,virgil1 ,eclog4 x4 #ch4 ,! comp>ison betwe5 ! d>k complexion & ! t5ts ( ! ,k$>e5s1 & betwe5 ! comel9ess & ! pavilions ( ,solomon1 arose f ! cu/om ( nomades & travell]s 9 ! ,ea/ ( c>ry+ ) !m moveable t5ts1 :i* 7 tempor>ily pit*$ = ! purpose ( ! p]noctation or protection aga9/ m]idian sun4 ,! t5ts ( ! ,k$>e5s1 a nomadic tribe ( ,nor? ,arabia 7,g54 xxv4 #ac2 ,isa4 xxi4 #ag71 7 & /ill are to ?is day made ( co>se clo?1 obta9$ f ! %aggy hair ( _! black goats 7,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 iv4 #ici2 ,saals*tz1 ,ar*ologie d] ,hebrer1 ,er/] ,!il1 p4 #fc74 ,:]eas1 ! curta9s ( :i* ,solomon's pavilion 0 con/ruct$ 71 mo/ probably1 v f9e & beautiful4 ,f ?is passage1 confirm$ by *ap4 iii4 #f1 & vi4 #ab1 we see t ?is sc5e took place 9 ! royal t5t ( ,solomon1 pit*$ 9 ! op5 air ( "s fav\rite spot to :i* ! k+ resort$ 9 ! summ]4 ,x is /ill ! cu/om ( ,ori5tal pot5tates to g once a-ye> to "s attractive neighb\rhood1 :]e !y erect _! magnific5t t5ts1 :i* s]ve z _! tempor>y abodes4 7,mori]1 ,zweite ,reise 9 ,p]si51 p4 #bbc2 ,jaub]t1 ,voyage1 p4 #ccd74 1 sw>?y1 ref]s to 1 ! t5ts ( ,k$>1 & 1 comely1 to ! pavilion ( ,solomon4 1 a contraction ( 1 f ! root 1 is =m$ f ! ,pilel4 ,! ?ird radical1 :i* ?is conjugation requires to be d\bl$1 appe>s 9 ?is & 9 two o!r words1 "u ! =m 4 ,comp>e 1 to b[1 ,pilel1 1 h5ce ! reflexive 1 to b[1 or pro/rate oneself2 1 ar*]s1 ,g54 xxi4 #af2 ,ges54 #ge1 ,rem4 #ah2 ,ewald1 #aba c4 1 prop4 a vail1 a curta9 ( a t5t1 ,exod4 xxvi4 #ab1 & metonomically = ! t5t itself1 #b ,sam4 vii4 #b2 #a ,*ron4 xvii4 #a1 & l "h1 9 p>allelism ) 1 ,j]4 iv4 #bj2 x4 #bj2 xi4 #bi4 ,! ,septuag9t1 foll[$ by ! ,vulgate1 errone\sly r5d]s 1 1 z ! sk9s ( ,solomon1 & ,bi%op ,foliot ref]s x to ! beautiful sk9 ( ,solomon's body1 ) :i* ! ,*ur* comp>es h]self to set =? h] comel9ess4 ,hodgson1 misund]/&+ ! figure1 absurdly r5d]s 1 l ! spices ( ,k$>1 & makes ! ,%ulamite comp>e h]self to ! odorif]\s trees & beautiful figures 9 ! 771 f9e tape/ry4 #f4 ,disda9 me n4 ,9 repell+ ^! disda9ful looks ! ,%ulamite /ates fir/ t h] d>k complexion is adv5titi\s1 be+ m]ely sun-burnt1 & z ,ra%i rem>ks1 1 w be :ite aga9 "u ! protection ( ! %ade3 & secondly1 h[ %e came to be s mu* expos$ to ! sun1 & ?is %e ascribes to ! ang] ( h] bro!rs4 ,?is ang]1 h[ev]1 z x appe>s f ii4 #h-ag1 0 m]ely a frat]nal solicitude = h] reputation1 :i* induc$ !m to give h] employm5t 9 ! v9ey>ds1 9 ord] to prev5t h] meet+ h] belov$ 9 ! field4 7i4q4 1 ,ewald1 #bdh71 is well expla9$ by ! ,*ald41 ,ra%i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 ,immanuel1 c41 1 d n disda9 me4 1 to see1 is also us$ = look+ d[n ^u any "o1 ,job4 xli4 #bf4 ,in/ead ( 1 f\r ( ,k5nicott's ,,mss41 two ( ,de ,rossi's1 & two m1 orig9ally read 1 fe> me n1 :i* is adopt$ by ,dd]le92 b ! read+ ( ! receiv$ text is bo? m support$1 & suits ! connexion bett]2 = x c h>dly be possible t ! damsel 0 actually s black z to inspire t]ror2 or t ! c\rt ladies 7 s highly n]v\s z to be s easily fright5$4 ,hodgson's r5d]+1 m9d me n1 is incorrect4 ,! 9 1 /&s = 1 ! be+ reject$ by apha]esis1 & ! assimilat$2 ,ges54 #cf4 1 blacki%2 adjectives d5ot+ col\r h frequ5tly ! la/ two /em lett]s repeat$ to r5d] !m dim9utives2 z 1 r$di%1 ,lev4 xiii4 #ai2 1 gre5i%1 ,lev4 xiii4 #di4 ,s ,ra%i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 ,immanuel1 ,ges54 #hd4 #bc2 ,ewald1 #aeg c4 1 i4q4 1 to scor*1 to burn1 ,g54 xxiii4 #ag2 xli4 #f4 ,s ! ,syriac1 ,aquila1 ,!odotion1 ,ewald1 ,ges5ius1 ,mei]1 ,hitzig1 c4 ,! & frequ5tly int]*ange1 comp>e & 1 to cut d[n2 & are ev5 f\nd to d s by ! same inspir$ writ]2 comp>e 1 ,job4 vi4 #ag1 ) 1 xvii4 #a4 1 n /ep-bro!rs1 7,h\bigant1 ,ewald1 ,good17 :o w\ld n h su* p[] ov] _! si/]1 b poetically us$ = 1 my bro!rs4 ,comp4 ,g54 xxvii4 #bj2 ,ps4 l4 #bj2 lxix4 #i4 is ! ,niphal ( 1 to burn1 7comp4 ,ps4 cii4 #d2 ,ges54 #f1 #g1 #h1 ,rem4 #e2 ,ewald1 #adj a4 #aic c471 & n f 7,kim*i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,immanuel1 c47 :i* w\ld be 1 ,is4 xli4 #aa4 ,?\gh my own v9ey>d1 c4 ,! ^w 1 is ei!r tak5 to d5ote ! ,%ulamite's p]sonal appe>ance1 or to mean h] belov$3 & ! phrase is expla9$1 8,?r\gh ! con/ant wat* :i* my bro!rs made me keep ov] _! v9ey>d1 ,i c\ld n take c>e ( 77 my complexion2 or c\ld n att5d to 77 my belov$40 ,b x is a haz>d\s mode ( int]pretation to take an expression 9 ! same v]se 9 an ord9>y & 9 an extraord9>y s5se1 :i* ought nev] to be done unless requir$ by absolute necessity1 :i* is n ! case "h4 ,dr4 ,good inde$ escapes ?is inconsi/5cy by assign+ a spiritual mean+ to 1 7viz4 p]sonal e/ate1 "o's own p]son7 9 bo? clauses2 & he submits t 8! bride ass]ts t %e _h be5 compell$ to neglect h] own p]son1 ?r\gh ! p]petual att5tion :i* 0 dem&$ ( h] by h] bro!rs or si/]s 9 decorat+ !mselves1 or 9 assi/+ 9 _! conc]ns40 ,b ap>t f ! unnecess>y & unju/ifiable deviation f ! lit]al mean+1 ?is int]pretation is entirely at v>iance ) ! context4 ,= 9 ! words1 8,!y h made me keep] ( _! v9ey>ds10 ! ,%ulamite evid5tly means to expla9 h[ %e came to be expos$ to ! tann+ sun4 ,:]eas1 ! supposition ( h] p]petual att5tion to ! adornm5t ( h] bro!rs1 fails to acc\nt = ! br[n complexion4 ,if h[ev]1 ) ,ibn ,ezra1 we take ^! words to expla9 ! sev]ity ( h] bro!rs1 ev]y?+ w be pla9 & un=c$4 ,! damsel says1 8,my bro!rs 7 s angry--s sev]e ) me t1 resolv$ to c>ry out _! purpose1 !y made me keep _! v9ey>ds1 1 a ?+ :i* ,i _h nev] done be=e1 ev5 to my own v9ey>d4 ,x is utt]ly inconceivable h[ ^? :o ma9ta9 t ?is ,song celebrates ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh c reconcile x ) ! facts t ! damsel's d>k complexion is "h describ$ z adv5titi\s2 :]eas ! ,egyptians1 ev5 ( ! highe/ & mo/ seclud$ classes1 are naturally d>k1 & t %e has be5 made keep] ( ! v9ey>ds1 :i* w\ld ill agree ) any pr9ce's daught]4 is mo/ probably d]iv$ f 1 to dig1 h5ce a g>d5 cultivat$ by means ( axes & spades 9 contradi/9ction to fields work$ ) pl\ghs & h>r[s4 7,comp>e ,saals*tz1 ,ar*ologie d] ,hebrer1 vol4 i4 p4 #aai47 ,= ! t]m4 - vide supra1 p4 #aca4 1 i4q4 is us$ emphatically aft] 1 to m>k ! contra/1 & n1 z ,h\bigant errone\sly supposes1 9 ! s5se ( 1 tranquill1 m9e own v9ey>d ,i kept n quietly4 #g4 ,tell me1 ,o ?\1 c4 ,hav+ repell$ ! disda9ful looks ( ! c\rt ladies1 ! ,%ulamite n[ resumes h] address to h] belov$2 s t ?is v]se is intimately connect$ ) ! f\r?2 & v]ses five & six are1 z x 71 p>5!tical4 ,is x n surpris+ t "s c read ?is v]se1 & yet believe t ! k+ 0 ! object ( ! damsel's atta*m5t1 :5 ?is %[s s cle>ly t x 0 a %eph]d8 ,! viol5t heat ( noonday compels p 9 ! ,ea/ to desi/ f lab\r1 & recl9e 9 "s cool "p ( ! h\se 7#b ,sam4 iv4 #e74 ,%eph]ds especially1 be+ m expos$ to ! burn+ rays ( ! sun1 lead _! flocks "u "s %ady tree ne> wells & /reams4 7,g54 xxix4 #g2 ,ps4 xxiii42 ,isa4 xix4 #aj47 ,we h beautiful descriptions ( ! same cu/om by ,greeks & ,romans4 ,?us ,virgil1 ,georg4 iii4 #cca-- ,ae/ibus at m$iis umbrosam exquir]e vallem1 ,sicubi magna ,jovis antiquo robore qu]cus ,+5tis t5dat ramos1 aut sicubi nigrum ,ilicibus crebris sacra nemus adcubet umbra4 8,:5 noon-tide flames1 d[n cool seque/]'d glades1 ,lead :]e "s giant oak ! dell o'er%ades1 ,or :]e ! gloom ( _m an ilex ?r[s ,! sacr$ d>kness t invites repose40 ,comp>e also ,!ocritus1 i4 #ad1 #ae3 vi4 #a1 #af1 #ch1 #ci4 prop4 h[1 b also ( place1 :]e1 #b ,k+s xvi4 #ac4 ,tw5ty-eight ,,mss4 ( ,k5n4 & ,de ,rossi1 read 1 b ?is weak5s ! s5t5ce4 ,we mu/ supply aft] 1 & - aft] 1 see ,ezek4 xxxiv4 #ae4 ,immanuel acc\nts = ! dual1 1 because 1 x speaks ( t "p ( ! day imm$iately prec$+ noon z well z ( t "p :i* imm$iately foll[s noon4 1 i4q4 1 ,dan4 i4 #aj1 ut ne1 well r5d]$ by ! ,sept4 1 ,vulg4 ne4 is us$ z a conjunction1 ! to express design1 or purpose1 & = negation1 ,ewald1 #ccg1 #f4 has caus$ mu* p]plexity to int]pret]s4 ,x is expla9$ to mean l "o veil$ 7 1 ,sept471 z a sign ( m\rn+ 7,ra%i1 comp>e #b ,sam4 xv4 #cj2 xix4 #e72 ( h>lotry 7,ros5mll]1 comp4 xxviii4 #e72 ( %ame 7,umbreit1 ,h5g/5b]g1 comp4 ,j]4 xiv4 #c2 ,mal4 iii4 #g72 & ( w&]+ or roam+ 7,philippson1 comp4 ,j]4 xliii4 #ab74 ,b :]ev] cov]+ is us$ to signify m\rn+ or %ame1 ! "p ( ! body usually cov]$1 9 ord] to indicate ! exi/5ce ( ! emotion1 is inv>iably /at$4 ,equally unt5able is ! r5d]+ ( h>lot2 = ,tam> cov]$ h] face1 n z a sign t %e 0 a pro/itute1 b to disguise h]self1 s t %e might n be recognis$1 & ,judah took h] to be a h>lot because %e sat by ! way side1 ,comp4 ,j]4 iii4 #b4 ,ewald r5d]s x l "o unkn[n2 b ?is1 to say ! lea/1 is remote f ! context2 ,ges5ius1 l "o fa9t+2 b ?is incurs ! same objection4 ,! explanation ( ,philippson w\ld h be5 ! mo/ plausible1 if ,ra%bam & ! anonym\s ,,ms4 _h n %[n t itself means to roam1 to w&]1 by ref]r+ to ,isa4 xxii4 #ag1 :]e1 accord+ to its p>allel1 1 to ca/ d[n1 x mu/ signify to roll ab\t4 ,?is mean+ be/s suits ! context "h1 & is confirm$ by ,syma*41 ,vulg41 ,syriac1 ,*ald4 #h4 ,if ?\ kn[e/ n4 ,! c\rt ladies1 he>+ ! ru/ic girl say t %e wi%$ to be ) h] %eph]d1 tell h] ironically to g1 & be employ$ 9 ! l[ & toilsome occupation ( a %eph]dess1 r ?an enjoy ! exalt$ & easy life ( a royal fav\rite4 ,"s h put ?is answ] into ! m\? ( ! belov$2 b x is evid5t f v4 #i1 & vi4 #a1 ! only two places :]e ! appellation 8faire/ ( wom50 occurs1 t x is ! reply ( ! c\rt ladies1 :i* ev5 ,dpke1 ,good & ,noyes1 ! def5d]s ( ! fragm5t>y !ory1 admit4 ,no?+ c be m pla9 & incontrov]tible ?an ! /atem5t 9 ?is v]se1 t ! damsel is a %eph]dess1 & ! belov$ a %eph]d1 :om1 %e is told1 %e w\ld f9d among 8 fell[-%eph]ds4 ,x is = ^? :o ma9ta9 ! !ory t ?is ,song celebrates ! m>riage ( ,solomon ) ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 or "s o!r pr9ce's daught]1 to get ov] ?is fact4 is unnecess>ily & incorrectly r5d]$ by ,ewald1 ,mei]1 ,hitzig1 c41 unwise4 ,! ,sept41 :i* is foll[$ by ,lu!r1 mi/ak+ ! usage ( 1 translates ?is clause 1 z if ! orig9al 7 4 ,! prepo4 9 gives to ! =ce ( ! sup]lative4 ,besides ! sev]al modes ( express+ ! sup]lative adduc$ by ,ges5ius1 #aai1 #b1 ?is degree is sometimes also express$ by ! positive & ! prepo4 prefix$ to ! n\n designat+ ! class to :i* ! p]son or ?+ comp>$ belongs3 ?us 1 my family is ! weake/ 9 ,manasseh1 ,judg4 xvi4 #e2 ,prov4 xxx4 #cj1 comp4 also 1 ?\ art ! mo/ bless$ ( wom51 ,luke i4 #bh1 ,ewald1 #cac c4 #i4 ,to my /e$1 c4 ,! c\rt-ladies hav+ turn$ f h] & told h] to g back to h] m5ial employm5t1 h] sev]e/ trial beg9s4 ,! k+1 hav+ wat*$ 8 opportunity1 ent]s at t mom5t1 & ?us beg9s 8 flatt]+ address4 ,he fir/ praises h] beauty & gracefulness by comp>+ h] to 8 /ately & noble *>iot /e$4 ,! anonym\s ,,ms4 comm5t>y rightly rem>ks1 1 t ?is simile 0 sugge/$ by ! ref]5ce :i* ! damsel has made 9 ! prec$+ v]se to h] d>k complexion4 ,! k+1 !re=e1 comp>es h] to 8 noble /e$1 ^: d>k col\r r5d]s x m beautiful ?an ! o!r horses4 ,su* a comp>ison mu/ h be5 v /rik+ & flatt]+ 9 ! ,ea/1 :]e ?is animal 0 s mu* celebrat$ = its preem95t beauty4 8,a "y *e/nut m>e10 says ,lay>d1 ,n9eveh1 i4 #ia1 8belong+ to ! %eik1 0 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful creatures ,i ev] beheld4 ,z %e /ruggl$ to free h]self f ! spe> to :i* %e 0 ti$1 %e %[$ ! lightness & elegance ( ! gazelle4 ,h] limbs 7 9 p]fect symmetry2 h] e>s long1 sl5d]1 & transp>5t2 h] no/rils high1 dilat$ & deep r$1 h] neck gracefully ar*$2 & h] mane & texture ( silk4444 ,no "o c look at ! horses ( ! e>ly ,assyrian sculptures )\t be+ conv9c$ t !y 7 drawn f ! f9e/ models40 ,comp>e also ! exquisite & inimitable description ( ?is noble animal 9 ,job xxxix4 #ai1 c4 & ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 iv4 #ida4 ,! same comp>ison is us$ by ! ,greek & ,roman poets4 ,?us ,!ocritus1 ,idyl4 xviii4 #cj1 #ca3-- 1 4 8,z t[]s ! cypress mid ! g>d5's bloom1 ,z 9 ! *>iot pr\d ,!ssalian /e$1 ,?us graceful rose-complexion'd ,hel5 moves40 ,comp>e also ,horace1 ,ode iii4 #aa4 ,?is %[s ! futility bo? ( ^? :o affirm t ! /rang5ess ( ! simile is aga9/ ! lit]al mean+ ( ?is ,song1 & ( ^? :o accuse ! writ] ( unc\?ness4 ,besides1 is ?is comp>ison m /range or unc\? ?an t ( a man ) a bony ass8 7,g54 xlix4 #ad47 ,m>k also ! o!r comp>ison us$ 9 ! same *apt]1 su* z ( an ox1 s]p5t1 c4 is n equitatus1 7,vulg4 ,ra%i1 ,ra%bam1 ,engli% ,v]sion17 b z ,ibn ,ezra & ,immanuel rightly rem>k1 1 m>e1 ! regul> fem99e ( 4 ,! - 9 is ! suffix ( ! fir/ p]son1 z ! anci5t v]sions h x2 & ref]s to a well-kn[n & celebrat$ m>e :i* ,solomon possess$ & highly priz$1 & :i* he always put into "o ( ,ph>aoh's *>iots4 1 "o ( ,ph>aoh's *>iots1 l 1 "o ( ! cities ( ,gilead4 ,judg4 xii4 #g4 #aj1 #aa4 ,beautiful is ?y c\nt5ance1 c4 ,! flatt]+ praises are foll[$ by entic+ promises4 8,?\ art inde$ beautiful10 says ! tempt+ k+1 8ev5 9 humble ornam5ts1 b ?\ %alt h m co/ly adornm5ts1 :i* w %[ (f ?y beauty to great] advantage40 ,! m5tion ( ! noble /e$ :i* 0 adorn$ ) co/ly trapp+s1 contribut+ s mu* to its /ately & elegant appe>ance1 naturally sugge/$ ! ref]5ce "h made to ! damsel's ornam5ts4 ,! read] w n fail to obs]ve t x is n ! %eph]d1 b ! k+ :o is speak+ 9 v]ses #i-aa4 ,! poor %eph]d _h no pranc+ /e$1 no ,egyptian *>iots2 he c\ld n promise ! %eph]dess su* co/ly ornam5ts z are "h describ$4 7f 1 to g r\nd1 h5ce 1 some?+ r\nd1 a circle1 ,e/h4 ii4 #ab1 #ae17 small r+s or beads /rung ^u ?reads1 worn z a head-dress4 ,x is cu/om>y 9 ! ,ea/ = wom5 to we> /r+s ( beads hang+ d[n f ! temples ov] ! *eeks4 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 iv4 #idb4 ,niebuhr1 ,reise na* ,arab4 i4 #afc4 1 *eeks 7dual ( 71 by a synecdo*e = ! :ole face4 7f 1 to pi]ce1 to p]=ate71 little p]=at$ balls1 or beads /rung ^u a ?read & worn ar\nd ! neck2 i4q4 a necklace4 & are plurals1 because ! circlet & necklace consi/$ ( _m composite p>ts4 ,:e!r ! circlet 0 ( gold or brass1 or :e!r ! necklace consi/$ ( real pe>ls1 corals1 or /eel1 ! etymology ( ! words does n at all intimate4 ,! context alone mu/ decide ?is4 ,! fact t ! ,%ulamite 0 a humble ru/ic girl1 & t ,solomon promises to pres5t to h] a gold5 circlet ) silv] /uds1 proves t !y 7 ( a common description4 ,?is is ano!r pro( t ! bride 0 n a pr9ce's daught]2 s9ce h] ornam5ts 7 n ev5 ( gold or silv]1 not)/&+ ! impassionate desire ( ,ea/]n ladies = co/ly adornm5ts4 ,! ,sept4 & ,vulg4 h 1 i4e4 8?y neck is z beautiful z doves1 2 !y h also 1 l a necklace2 b !y h evid5tly mi/ak5 ! = 1 z well z ! mean+ ( 4 #ab4 ,:ile ! k+ is at 8 table4 ,"h we see h[ signally ! fir/ attempt ( ,solomon fail$ to w9 ! affections ( ! ,%ulamite4 ,= no soon] did he g to 8 repa/ ?an ! damsel indulges 9 sweet expressions ( love ) h] belov$ %eph]d4 ,two di/9ct p]sons are "h spok5 (2 ! k+ at ! table1 & a belov$ %eph]d1 call$ 8n>d40 ,t by ! expression 1 my n>d1 ! ,%ulamite means h] belov$ is evid5t f ! foll[+ v]se1 :]e1 l$ on by ! figure ( ?is odor\s plant1 %e cont9ues to call him by ! fragrant names1 8bag ( myrrh10 8bun* ( cypress fl[]s10 c4 1 z long z1 :ile1 ,sept4 1 ,vulg4 dum4 7f to sit r\nd a table1 to recl9e4 #a ,sam4 xvi4 #aa1 comp4 ,sept41 ,*ald41 ,syriac1 ,arabic1 ,vulg4 9 loco17 seats set r\nd1 c\*es set 9 a circle1 = recl9+ at ! repa/1 accord+ to ! ,ori5tal cu/om1 7see ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 iii4 #fca27 s ! ,sept4 4 ,vulg4 accubitus1 ,ra%bam1 1 9 ! c\* at ! p>tak+ ( ! repa/2 & comp4 ,ps4 cxxviii4 #c4 ,! read+ ( 1 9 aulaeo1 t5torio1 in/ead ( 1 propos$ by ,h\bigant1 is bo? ne$less & unau?oriz$4 1 spik5>d or n>d1 1 is ! ,val]iana ,jatamansi1 a plant peculi> to ,hi!r ,india4 ,x 0 obta9$ f ,india by way ( ,arabia & ,s\!rn ,asia4 ,! p]fume extract$ f x 0 highly priz$4 ,?us we are told 7,m>k xiv4 #ca71 :5 ! ,savi\r sat at meat 9 ,be?any1 8!re came a woman hav+ an alaba/] box ( o9tm5t ( spik5>d v preci\s1 & %e broke ! box1 & p\r$ x ^u 8 head10 7comp4 also ,john xii4 #ca17 :i* ,judas1 ! betray]1 e/imat$ at ?ree hundr$ p5ce1 ab\t eight p\nds t5 %ill+s4 ,! ,romans consid]$ ?is p]fume s preci\s t ,horace promises ,virgil a :ole cadus1 ab\t n9e gallons1 ( w9e = a small onyx-box full ( spik5>d4 ,see ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 xiii4 #b2 ,sir ,w4 ,jones1 ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 vol4 ii4 p4 #daf2 ,ros5mll]1 ,m9]alogy & ,botany ( ! ,bible1 p4 #aff2 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit42 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v4 #ac4 ,a bag ( myrrh1 c4 ,?is appellation is a cont9uation ( ! figurative expression 8n>d10 "u :i* ! ,%ulamite describ$ h] belov$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se4 ,! ,hebrew wom5 7 9 ! habit ( we>+ little bags or bottles fill$ ) p]fumes1 especially ) myrrh1 susp5d$ f ! neck1 & hang+ d[n betwe5 _! brea/s1 "u ! dress4 ,comp4 ,mi%na1 ,sabba? vi4 #c2 ,s*ro$] de ,ve/it4 ,muli]4 p4 #aee2 ,h>tmann1 ,hebr4 ii4 #bce4 ,! ,%ulamite says t h] belov$ is to h] :at ?is delightful p]fume is to o!rs2 hav+ him %e did n require any o!r fragrance4 7f 1 to tie up1 to close71 is a lea!r smell+-bag or bottle1 i4q4 1 ti$ up1 or clos$ at ! top4 1 1 1 ,balsamod5dron myrrha1 7f 1 to fl[17 myrrh1 s call$ f its fl[+ d[n1 is a p]fume obta9$ f a %rub gr[+ 9 ,arabia1 & mu* m pr(usely 9 ,abyss9ia4 ,x =m$ an article ( e>lie/ comm]ce1 0 highly priz$ by ! anci5ts1 & is /ill mu* e/eem$ bo? 9 ! ,ea/ & 9 ,europe4 ,?is aromatic liquid ei!r exudes spontane\sly f cracks 9 ! b>k1 & is call$ 1 1 /ilicidi\s or pr(lu5t myrrh 7vide infra1 v4 #e2 ,exod4 xxx4 #bc71 & on t acc\nt is e/eem$ sup]ior2 or is elicit$ artificially by bruises or incisions made ) /ones1 & is !re=e reg>d$ z inf]ior4 ,x 0 us$ = inc5se 7,exod4 xxx4 #bc71 = p]fum+ dresses 7,ps4 xlv4 #i71 & c\*es 7,prov4 vii4 #ag71 = ! purification ( wom5 7,e/h4 ii4 #ab71 = embalm+ dead bodies 7,john xix4 #ci71 & 0 worn by wom5 9 ! bosom4 ,see ,pl9y1 lib4 xii4 cap4 #ce2 ,ros5mll]1 ,al!r?4 iv4 #a1 #aei2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v4 is a relative clause1 ) impli$ 7,see ,ges54 #abc1 #c2 ,ewald1 #ccb71 & ref]s to 4 ,?is is evid5t f 1 :i* ref]s to 2 comp4 also iv4 #d4 ,! v]b is n "h1 8lie all night10 b to abide1 to re/1 l ,job xix4 #d1 1 :]e ev5 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion has 8m9e error rema9e? ) myself40 ,ps4 xlix4 #ac4 #ad4 ,a bun* ( cypress fl[]s1 c4 is unanim\sly reg>d$ by ! anci5t v]sions & ! ,rabb9s to d5ote ! plant call$ by ! ,greek1 & ,al-h5na by ! ,arabs4 ,?is plant1 :i* gr[s 9 _m places1 bo? 9 ,pale/9e & ,egypt1 7,pl94 ,hi/4 ,nat4 xii4 #bd17 is a tall %rub1 gr[+ f ! height ( eight to t5 feet2 x is exce$+ly beautiful & odorif]\s4 8,! d>k col\r ( its b>k1 ! light gre5 ( its foliage1 ! s(t5$ mixture ( :ite & yell[1 ) :i* ! fl[]s1 collect$ into long clu/]s l ! lilac1 are col\r$1 ! r$ t9t ( ! ramifications :i* support !m1--=m a comb9ation ! effect ( :i* is highly agreeable4 ,! fl[]s1 ^: %ades are s delicate1 diffuse ar\nd ! mo/ grateful od\rs1 & embalm ) _! /rong fragrance ! g>d5s 9 :i* !y gr[1 & ! ap>tm5ts :i* !y beautify4444 ,! wom5 take pleasure 9 adorn+ _! p]sons & ap>tm5ts ) ^? delightful blossoms40 ,see ,pl9y1 lib4 xii4 c4 #ad2 ,ros5mll]1 ,bib4 ,m9]4 & ,bot42 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v4 ,! fl[]s gr[ 9 d5se clu/]s1 :5ce 1 clu/] ( cypress fl[]s4 ,en-g$i1 m anci5tly call$ ,hazezon-,tam>1 :i* mod]n explor]s id5tify ) ! pres5t ,a9-,jidy1 ab\nd$ ) ! be/ ( ^? delightful %rubs1 7,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v42 ,rob9son1 ,pale/1 ii4 #bji-baf47 ,h5ce ?is beautiful appellation1 8a bun* ( cypress fl[]s10 ?an :i* no?+ c\ld be m expressive ( sweetness & beauty to an ,ori5tal4 ,! ^w is mo/ probably d]iv$ f 1 to b9d1 to tw9e toge!r2 h5ce 1 a bundle1 a /r+1 ) ! addition ( - l 1 1 ,ges54 #cj1 #c2 ,ewald1 #afc f4 ,?is is confirm$ by ! ,talm4 1 disciples1 7,sota #dg1 a71 i4e4 a comb9ation ( y\?s2 comp4 1 & ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 s4v4 "h is a field cultivat$ z a g>d52 comp4 1 an olive-y>d4 ,judg4 xv4 #e2 ,job xxiv4 #ah1 & supra1 v]4 #f4 #ae4 ,behold1 ?\ art beautiful4 ,t is1 8,x is n ,i :o possess su* attraction1 x is ?\ :o art beautiful1 yea sup]latively beautiful60 ,! repetition ( enhances ! idea4 8,?9e eyes are doves10 i4e4 8,?9e eyes1 9 :i* #8! rapt s\l is sitt+1' beams =? ! purity & con/ancy ( ! dove40 ,z ! eye is ! inlet ( ideas to ! m9d1 s x is also ! outlet ( inw>d feel+s4 ,?us x expresses _m ( ! passions1 su* z pity1 mildness1 humility1 ang]1 envy1 pride1 c42 h5ce ! phrases 7:i* we also h71 to look ) an eye ( compassion1 ,prov4 xxii4 #i2 1 1 an evil eye1 ,deut4 xv4 #i1 ,m>k vii4 #bb4 ,! dove is ! emblem ( purity & con/ancy4 ,ps4 lvi4 #a2 ,matt4 x4 #af4 are tak5 by ! ,syriac1 ,vulg41 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 ,immanuel1 ,lu!r1 ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 ,kleuk]1 ,p]cy1 ,ges5ius1 ,dpke1 ,ros5mll]1 ,mei]1 c4 z an ellipsis = 1 ?9e eyes are doves' eyes4 ,ges54 #add1 ,rem4 ,ewald1 #bif1 b4 ,b su* an ellipsis c be tol]at$ only 9 extreme em]g5cies1 :]eas "h ! natural con/ruction yields an excell5t s5se4 ,besides1 v4 #b proves t ! doves !mselves1 & n ! eyes1 are ! po9t ( comp>ison1 j z ! hair & ! tee? are 7iv4 #a1 #b7 comp>$ to ! goats & %eep !mselves1 & n m]ely to _! hair & tee?4 ,& 7vii4 #d71 :i* does n mean1 ?\ ha/ fi%-ponds eyes1 b1 ?9e eyes are l ! fi%-ponds !mselves4 ,h5ce ! ,sept41 ,*ald41 ,ra%i1 ,m5delssohn1 ,hodgson1 ,ewald1 ,umbreit1 ,magnus1 ,williams1 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,philippson1 ,hitzig1 rightly reject ?is elliptical con/ruction4 #af4 ,behold1 ?\ art comely4 ,! ,%ulamite1 refus+ to receive all ! praise1 responds3 8,x is ?\ :o art lovely & attractive20 & ref]r+ to _! meet+-spot1 %e adds1 8,lovely is our fl[]y c\*2 ! ar*es ( our b[]s are =m$ ( ! spread+ & int]weav+ bran*es ( ! maje/ic & odorif]\s c$>s & cypresses40 is to be m5tally suppli$ be=e 2 comp4 ,prov4 iii4 #aa1 i4e4 ,yea1 lovely is our v]dant c\*4 ,! adj4 is =m$ f ! ,pilel ( ! v]b 4 ,?is conjugation1 :i* is =m$ by d\bl+ ! ?ird radical 7see supra1 #e71 is us$ to describe p]man5t /ates or conditions1 or "s /rik+ prop]ty2 comp4 ,job xii4 #e2 ,ges54 #ee1 #b2 ,ewald1 #abj a4 1 beam1 ro( 7,g54 xix4 #h71 "h ar*1 vault4 1 i4q4 9 ! 7! is sometimes pron\nc$ h>%ly l ! 1 comp4 1 ,exod4 ii4 #af1 :]e ! ,sam>itan has 1 & ,ges54 #g1 #d71 is r5d]$ by ! ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,ewald1 ,ges5ius1 c4 frett$ ceil+s2 by ,kim*i gall]ies2 & ! anonym\s manuscript expla9s x bolt1 & adds1 1 8x is call$ bolt because x runs backw>d & =w>d40 ,b ?is is n 9 keep+ ) ! /ructure ( ! v]se4 /&s evid5tly 9 p>allelism ) 1 & accord+ly is ( a simil> import4 ,ra%bam has !re=e rightly r5d]$ x 1 "o ( ! ap>tm5ts ( ! h\se4 ,z h[ev] ! h\se "h describ$ is a b[]1 w\ld be an arb\r4 ,! etymology ( ! ^w is 9 keep+ ) ?is s5se4 1 i4q4 1 to run1 to fl[1 h5ce 1 #a4 a gutt]1 f ! wat] runn+ d[n1 ,g54 xxx4 #ch2 #b4 a curl1 f its fl[+ d[n 7vide infra1 vii4 #f71 & #c4 1 a place ^u :i* "o runs1 a *>m+ spot mu* frequ5t$2 j l 1 a place :]e p run1 a /reet1 f 1 to run4 ,x is n[ pretty g5]ally agre$ t 1 ! ,aram4 = 1 is n ! fir1 b ! cypress4 ,x is q natural t ?is l(ty tree1 :i* gr[s to a height ( f fifty to sixty feet1 ( s h>d & durable a nature1 & s highly e/eem$ among ! anci5ts1 7,virg4 ,georg4 ii4 #ddc17 %\ld be plac$ toge!r ) ! maje/ic c$>4 ,comp4 ,sira*1 xxiv4 #ac2 ,virg4 ,georg4 ii4 #dd2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,ros5mll]1 ,bib4 ,m9]4 & ,bot4 p4 #bfj2 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v4 #a4 ,i am a m]e fl[] ( ! pla94 8,z = me10 ! ,%ulamite mode/ly ins9uates1 8my beauty is n peculi>1 b is ( an ord9>y "*1 l ^! fl[]s :i* are f\nd 9 great pr(usion 9 ! pla9 & 9 ! valley4 ,! ^w 1 :i* occurs only once m 7,isa4 xxxv4 #a71 is v>i\sly expla9$4 ,! anci5t v]sions v>y 9 _! r5d]+ ( x4 ,?us ! ,sept4 & ,vulg4 h "h 1 flos1 fl[]2 ! ,*ald41 1 n>cissus2 s ,saadias3 :]eas 9 ,isa4 ! ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,*ald41 r5d] x lily4 ,mod]n critics are no less divid$4 ,kim*i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 c41 expla9 x rose2 ,mi*aelis1 ,ewald1 ,ges5ius1 ,dpke1 ,h5d]son1 ,mei]1 c41 take x to be autumn crocus1 col*icum autumnale2 ,de ,wette1 ,ros5mll]1 ,royle1 ,w9]1 c41 n>cissus2 ,pr(essor ,lee1 lily4 ,! etymology ( ! ^w is likewise disput$4 ,"s d]ive x f 1 a bulb1 ) prefix$1 z l is sometimes put be=e trilit]als1 9 ord] to =m a quadrilit]al1 7,ges5ius1 ,lehrg4 p4 #hfc1 ,ros5mll]1 ,h5d]son1 ,h5g/5b]g1 c417 & o!rs take x z a comp\nd ( & 1 acrid bulb4 7,ewald1 ,heilig/$t1 c47 ,! mo/ probable d]ivation1 h[ev]1 seems to be 1 to be bright1 to %9e2 h5ce 7) ! t]m9ation - l 1 71 a fl[]2 z mo/ v]bs :i* signify %9+ are us$ also to d5ote v]dure & bloom4 ,comp>e 1 a fl[]1 f 1 to %9e2 & ,simonis ,arcanum ,=m>um1 p4 #ceb4 ,! ^w 7= 1 l = 1 f 1 to be /raight1 pla91 ) ! t]m9ation -1 comp4 ,ges54 #hd1 #ae71 is "h be/ translat$ a pla91 or field2 s ! ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,p]cy1 c4 r5d] 1 a fl[] ( ! field2 & ?is admirably suits ! 1 lily ( ! valley--a fl[] common 9 ! valley4 #b4 ,z a lily among ! ?orns4 ,beautifully & +5i\sly does ! %eph]d take up ?is humble figure ( ! ,%ulamite1 &1 by a happy turn1 make x symbolical ( h] surpass+ beauty4 8,x is true1 t ?\ art a lily1 b z a lily surr\nd$ by a multitude ( brambles2 s ?\ appe>e/ among all ! damsels40 ,! expressions & are n m]ely us$ = son & daught]1 b also1 idiomatically1 d5ote lad & lass1 y\? & damsel4 ,g54 xxx4 #ac2 ,judg4 xii4 #i2 ,prov4 vii4 #g4 #c4 ,z an apple-tree1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite returns ! complim5t3 8,z ! *>m+ apple-tree1 cov]$ ) beautifully t+$ & sweetly smell+ fruit1 appe>s amid/ ! wild & b>r5 trees1 s doe/ ?\1 my belov$1 look among ! y\?s4 ,i delight10 cont9ues ! ,%ulamite1 8to repose b5ea? ! %ady tree1 because ( its *>m+ fruit40 ,! comp>ison betwe5 ! delight :i* %e _h 9 ! company ( h] belov$1 & ! agreeable enjoym5t :i* a %ady tree af=ds1 w especially be appreciat$ by ^? :o h travell$ 9 ! ,ea/1 & _h ! opportunity ( ex*ang+1 9 ! heat ( ! day1 _! close t5ts = an airy & fragrant b[]4 ,comp4 ,g54 xviii4 #d1 #h2 #a ,sam4 xxii4 #f2 ,ros5m4 ,morg5l4 i4 #di2 iii4 #ebh4 is tak5 by ! ,*ald4 = 1 citron2 by ,ros5mll] & o!rs1 = qu9ce4 ,! expression occurs only six times 9 ! ,scriptures2 f\r times 9 ?is book 7besides ! pres5t in/ance1 see also ii4 #e2 vii4 #i2 viii4 #e72 once 9 ,prov4 xxv4 #aa2 & once 9 ,joel i4 #ab4 ,x is us$ 9 ?ree passages out ( ! six = ! tree itself1 & 9 ! o!r ?ree = its fruit4 ,b 9 all ^! places ! common apple-tree or apple is q 9 keep+ ) ! context1 & ! etymology ( ! ^w1 viz41 1 to brea!1 to brea! sweetly2 h5ce 1 f its fragrant brea?1 is an appropriate description ( ! common apple 9 ,syria 7,ovid4 ,met4 viii4 #fge71 &1 inde$1 9 all o!r c\ntries4 ,x is evid5t f prop] names 7,jo%4 xii4 #ag2 xvi4 #h71 t ?is tree 0 mu* cultivat$ 9 ,pale/9e at a v e>ly p]iod4 ,9 ! ,talmud we frequ5tly meet 1 us$ to d5ote ! common apple4 ,x is wor?y ( notice t ! %eph]d calls 8 belov$ 1 fem41 :il/ %e calls him 1 mas4 ,! second v]b is subord9at$ to ! 1 by means ( ! & ! two words are well r5d]$ by ! ,*ald4 1 ,i delight to sit2 comp4 1 h[ %all ,i endure & witness1 = h[ %all ,i endure to witness1 ,e/h4 viii4 #f4 ,?is subord9ation also occurs )\t ! 2 comp4 infra1 vii4 #h2 viii4 #b2 ,job x4 #af2 xix4 #c2 ,ges54 #adb1 #c a1 b2 ,ewald1 #bhe4 #d4 ,he l$ me1 c4 ,hav+ repres5t$ h] belov$1 9 ! prec$+ v]se1 z a tree1 =m+ ) its widely-spread bran*es & ri* foliage a %ady b[]1 9 :i* %e delight$ to repose & enjoy its delici\s fruit1 ! ,%ulamite "h n>rates1 9 ! same metaphorical language1 h[ he took h] into t b[] ( delight1 t arb\r ( love4 ,! words mean b[] ( delight1 w9e be+ frequ5tly us$ 9 ?is book = delight2 & are b a designation ( ! manife/ations ( love d5ot$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se by 1 delici\s apple-tree4 ,s also ! ^w 1 f 1 to cov]1 reta9+ "h its prim>y mean+1 cov]1 %ade1 corresponds to 1 %ade1 9 ! la/ v]se4 ,! ,sept41 ,sym41 ,syriac1 ,arab41 :i* are foll[$ by _m mod]ns1 read 1 & 1 br+ me1 & cov] me1 imp]41 aris+ mo/ likely f a wi% to produce uni=mity 9 ?is & ! foll[+ v]ses4 #e4 ,oh1 /r5g!n me1 c4 ,! rehe>sal ( _! pa/ union & enjoym5t k9dl$ ! ,%ulamite's affections1 & made h] wi% aga9 = t delici\s fruit1 i4e4 ! tok5s ( 8 love4 ,! cakes "h m5tion$ 7 held 9 high e/imation 9 ! ,ea/2 "h1 h[ev]1 bo? ! cakes & ! apples are to be tak5 figuratively z expressions ( love4 ,?is is obvi\s f ! prec$+ v]se1 & f ! words1 8= ,i am sick ) love10 = no real cake or apple c\ld cure a he>t suff]+ f ?is compla9t4 7f 1 to burn1 to fire2 h5ce 1 fire1 l 1 "m1 f 1 to jo91 to unite71 some?+ made by fire1 a sort ( sweet cake prep>$ ) fire1 & is mo/ probably ! same :i* 9 ,hos4 iii4 #a is writt5 m fully 1 grape-cakes4 ,! mean+1 cake1 is reta9$ 9 ! ,sept4 9 all ! passages 7except ,isa4 xvi4 #g1 :]e ! ,sept4 reads 1 in/ead ( 1 see ! p>allel place1 ,j]4 xlviii4 #ca71 :]e ?is ^w occurs4 ,?us 1 a cake f ! fry+-pan1 #b ,sam4 vi4 #ai2 & 9 ! p>allel passage1 #a ,*ron4 xvi4 #c1 1 a sweet cake2 9 ,hos4 iii4 #a1 1 a bak$ cake2 & 1 sweet cakes1 9 ! passage be=e u4 ,?is mean+ is support$ by ! ,*ald4 on ,exod4 xvi4 #ca1 :]e is us$ = ! ,hebrew 1 & ,mi%na ,n$>im1 vi4 #aj4 ,ges5ius1 ,hitzig1 ,h5d]son1 ,fr/1 c41 d]ive x f 1 to press1 to compress1 :5ce1 !y say1 1 a cake made ( dri$ grapes press$ toge!r1 & 1 a f\ndation 7,isa4 xvi4 #g71 :i* is press$ d[n by tread+ on x4 ,b z ! transition f cake to f\ndation is n s easily conceiv$1 & especially z ! mean+ to press1 atta*$ to 1 is n[h]e to be f\nd 9 ,hebrew 7! ^w 9 ,isa4 xvi4 #g is to be translat$ cake1 see ,h5g/5b]g1 ,*ri/4 i4 p4 #cae71 x is f> bett] to d]ive ?is ^w z above f 1 to burn4 ,! ,rabb9ical explanation1 1 flagons ( w9e1 :i* ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion foll[s1 is n borne out by ! etymology1 nor does x suit ! passages 9 :i* ?is ^w occurs1 & is !re=e rightly ab&on$ by mod]n lexicograph]s4 ,! r5d]+ ( ,hodgson1 8,support me ) cups1 ar\nd me /rew apples20 & t ( ,mi*aelis1 8,support me ) v]dant h]bs1 spread fragrant fruits "u me10 are contr>y to ! mean+ ( ! words4 #f4 ,let 8 "r h&1 c4 ,! pressure ( ! attempts to ali5ate h] affections f him :om h] s\l love?1 & ! burn+ desire to be re-unit$ ) him1 ?\gh well su/a9$ by h] noble m9d1 yet ov]came h] body2 & :il/ mom5t>ily s9k+ b5ea? ! weight1 ! ,%ulamite desires t no o!r h& %\ld raise h] droop+ head1 no o!r arm support h] exhau/$ frame ?an t ( h] belov$4 ,?is v]se is to be tak5 9 ! optative mood4 ,comp4 ,ps4 vii4 #i2 xlv4 #b2 ,ewald1 #cbi a4 #g4 ,i adjure y1 c4 ,hav+ ev9c$ h] w>m & undim9i%$ atta*m5t to h] belov$ %eph]d1 ! ,%ulamite adjures ! c\rt ladies1 :o1 z we h se51 tri$ to ga9 h] affections = ! k+1 by ev]y?+ de> & lovely1 n to excite h] love = anyone else till h] own 77 affections wi% 7 7 = ano!r object4 ,! gazelle1 1 s call$ f ! beauty ( its =m1 is an animal ( ! antelope k9d1 ( v graceful & elegant figure1 has v sl5d] limbs1 l>ge & s(t eyes4 ,! great admiration 9 :i* ?is animal 0 held 9 ! ,ea/1 made ! ,hebrews use x z an emblem ( ev]y?+ beautiful 7,prov4 v4 #ai72 & f its be+ *>m+ & lovely1 x also became an object by :i* to swe>4 ,su* adjurations are frequ5tly us$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,comp4 ,rel&1 de ,religio ,mah4 ii4 p4 #afd3 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 i4 #adf2 v4 #bb4 ,dio1 9 ! neid1 lib4 iv4 #cad2 ,bo*>t1 ,hi]oz4 i4 p4 #hii4 1 mas41 = 1 fem4 ,bo? mascul9e pron\ns & v]bs are sometimes us$ 9 ref]5ce to objects :i* are fem99e4 ,see ,ges5ius1 #aba1 ,rem4 i4 #acg1 #a2 ,ewald1 #ahd c4 1 aft] =mul ( swe>+1 has ! effect ( a negative p>ticle 7,isa4 xxii4 #ad2 ,prov4 xxvii4 #ad74 ,?is is ow+ to a "p ( ! oa? be+ omitt$4 ,comp4 #b ,sam4 iii4 #ce2 ,ges54 #aee1 #b f42 ,ewald1 #cef a4 1 "h1 is n to ar\se1 to wake f sleep 7,ges5471 b to r\se1 to excite ! passions1 affections2 ?us 1 he w ar\se 8 zeal1 ,isa4 xlii4 #ac2 ,prov4 x4 #ab4 ,! repetition ( ! same v]b 9 ! ,hiphil & ,piel expresses int5sity1 ,isa4 xxix4 #i2 ,zeph4 ii4 #a4 is ! ab/ract1 love1 affection1 iii4 #aj2 vii4 #g4 ,aft] supply 4 ,simil>ly1 ,ra%bam4 ,! ,sept4 /rangely r5d]s 1 1 by ! p[]s & virtues ( ! field4 ,?us 9 ?is sc5e1 ! fir/ attempts1 bo? on ! "p ( ! k+ & ! c\rt ladies1 to w9 ! ,%ulamite's affections1 signally fail$4 ,! same =mula re-occurs iii4 #e1 & viii4 #d1 to m>k1 at ! end ( ! trials1 h] successful resi/ance4 #h4 ,h>k6 my belov$6 ,hav+ allud$ 9 ! prec$+ ,section 7i4 #f7 to ! ill-treatm5t :i* %e _h receiv$ f h] bro!rs1 ! ,%ulamite n[ relates ! cause ( t treatm5t4 ,?us :il/ ?is n>rative =ms ! connect+ l9k betwe5 ?is & ! prec$+ ,section1 x also gradually acqua9ts u ) h] hi/ory4 ,! description giv5 ( ! arrival & conduct ( h] belov$ is v graphic & beautiful4 ,%e fir/ sees him at a di/ance1 b\nd+ ov] ! hills ) ! spe$ ( ! swift-foot$ gazelle1 & pres5tly he is f\nd beh9d ! wall1 peep+ ?r\gh ! w9d[1 & implor+ h] 9 ! sweete/ language imag9able to g ) him into ! fields & enjoy ! beauties & *>ms ( nature4 is n 1 ! s\nd ( 8 feet 7,ibn ,ezra1 ,hitzig71 :i* c\ld n be he>d at su* a di/ance f ! m\nta9s2 nor ! voice ( 8 song 7,dpke1 ,philippson71 = he c\ld n v well s+ :5 runn+ at su* a spe$ z "h describ$2 b simply means h>k6 7,ewald1 ,magnus1 ,mei]71 & is us$ 9 animat$ descriptions to arre/ att5tion1 ,ewald1 #bhf f4 #i ,my belov$ is l1 c4 ,to describe ! spe$ ( 8 approa* ! ,%ulamite comp>es him to ! swift-foot$ gazelle1 & nimble fawn4 ,?is comp>ison is also us$ 9 o!r p>ts ( ,scripture4 ,?us ,asahel is call$ light-foot$ z a gazelle4 #b ,sam4 ii4 #ah2 ,prov4 vi4 #e2 ,hab4 iii4 #ai4 8,! ,ea/]n build+s g5]ally surr\nd a squ>e inn] c\rt2 ! belov$ is describ$ z gradually mak+ 8 approa*1 fir/ to ! wall1 !n look+ ?r\gh ! w9d[40 ,"h is ano!r inconte/able pro( t ! object ( ! damsel's affection1 :om %e describes z com+ to h]1 is n ! k+1 b a %eph]d1 = ! k+ c\ld n consi/5tly be repres5t$ z b\nd+ ov] ! hills4 ,?\gh has a fem99e1 1 :i* is us$ 9 v]4 #g1 yet in/ead ( its be+ "h 1 we h 3 see also ,ps4 xlii4 #b4 ,?is is ow+ to ! neglect on ! "p ( ! writ] to avail himself ( ! =ms e/abli%$ by usage1 ,ges54 #ajg1 #a4 ,or x may be t su* names 7 /ill ( a common g5d]1 & ! fem99es 7 only 9 ! process ( =mation1 b n z yet fix$ly e/abli%$1 ,ewald1 #age b4 occurs only "h1 b x is evid5t f ,dan4 v4 #e1 & ! ,t>gum1 ,jo%4 ii4 #ae1 :]e x /&s = ! ,hebrew 1 t x means a wall =m+ a "p ( ! h\se4 ,! ,sept4 has "h 1 f ii4 #ag4 #aj1 #aa4 ,arise1 my love1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite introduces "h h] belov$ z speak+4 ,he urges h] to g1 s9ce ! ra9 is ov]1 & ev]y?+ )\t is *>m+4 is idiomatically us$ 9 ref]5ce ev5 to ! p]son speak+ fir/1 )\t any antec$5t int]rogation4 7,deut4 xxvi4 #e2 ,isa4 xiv4 #aj2 xxi4 #i47 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w seems to be simply to imp>t in=mation1 ei!r ask$ = or n4 ,9 ! =m] case obta9s ! additional idea ( a reply1 :]eas 9 ! latt] x m]ely means to in=m1 to tell1 l 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,comp4 1 ,matt4 xvii4 #d2 ,m>k ix4 #e4 ,on ! use ( ! dative 1 see ,ges54 #aed1 #c e4 ,ewald1 #cae a4 ,! 4 4 prop]ly d5otes ! w9t] ! ra9y season1 at ! end ( :i*1 viz4 ,febru>y or ,m>*1 ! spr+ advances ) surpass+ quickness2 x excludes ! autumn1 & ?us diff]s f 4 ,! =m 7f 1 to w9t]71 is1 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 1 1 see ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 "u 4 ,! ,sept4 has mi/ak5 ! dative = ! imp4 1 & adds 1 my dove1 aft] 1 my beauty4 #ab4 ,! fl[]s appe>1 c4 ,! gradual developm5t is exce$+ly beautiful2 ! description unfolds ) ! season4 ,aft] ! graphic del9eation ( ! mead[s /rew$ ) a pr(usion ( v>iegat$ fl[]s2 ( ! m5 9 ! fields1 & ! birds hov]+ ov] !m1 jo9+ to p\r =? a volume ( v>i\s s\nds2 ( ! delici\s od\r ( ! embalm$ fig1 & fragrant v9e1 ! belov$ exclaims3 8,nature has prep>$ a ri* banquet2 come1 let u g & enjoy x60 ,! ,sept41 ,aquila1 ,sym41 ,vulg41 ,*ald41 ,ra%bam1 r5d] 1 by ! season = ! prun+ ( v9es3 ,ges5ius def5ds ?is r5d]+1 b aga9/ ! usage ( ! ^w 1 & ! connexion4 ,:]ev] occurs1 ei!r 9 ! s+ul> 7,isa4 xxv4 #e71 or plural 7#b ,sam4 xxiii4 #a2 ,isa4 xxiv4 #af71 x inv>iably means song or s++4 ,moreov]1 ! p>allelism1 & ! :ole ( ! description1 dem& t x %\ld be r5d]$ s "h4 ,all ! pleasures & *>ms "h depict$ are gratifications = ! s5ses1 & are adduc$ by ! belov$ z ! invitation ( nature to enjoy h] banquet2 :]eas ! prun+ ( ! v9es w\ld be a summons to engage 9 toil4 ,besides1 ! v9e is m5tion$ aft]w>ds 9 its rotation 7v4 #ac71 & x w\ld m> ! gradual progression ( ?is m9ute description to suppose t x has be5 uselessly repeat$4 ,h5ce x has be5 rightly r5d]$ s++ by ,ra%i1 ,kim*i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,anonym\s ,ox=d ,manuscript1 ,m5delssohn1 ,kleuk]1 ,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,ros5mll]1 ,de ,wette1 ,magnus1 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,philippson1 ,fr/1 ,mei]1 ,hitzig1 c4 ,! objection t 1 s++1 means ! song ( m51 is obviat$ by ref]r+ x "h to ! season :5 bo? man & bird beg9 to s+4 1 l o!r words ( ! =m 1 expresses ! "t ( ! action2 comp4 1 h>ve/2 prop]ly ! "t :5 ! fruit is ga!r$4 1 ! "t ( pl\gh+4 ,ges54 #hd1 #e2 ,ewald1 #adi e4 ,! coo+ ( ! turtle1 c4 ,! turtle-dove is a migratory bird 7,j]4 viii4 #g2 ,ari/4 ,hi/4 ,anim4 viii4 #c1 #ab1 #af2 ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 x4 #cf2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v472 x resides 9 ! w9t] f>!r s\? ?an ,pale/9e1 & returns 9 ! spr+1 :5 its coo+ voice 9 ! woods ann\nces ! return ( t season4 #ac4 ,! fig-tree sweet5s h] gre5 figs4 ,! ^w is n[ r5d]$ by _m comm5tators1 accord+ to ! example ( ,ibn ,ezra1 to sweet51 to embalm1 to spice2 i4e4 ! fig-tree sweet5s h] fruit by fill+ x ) aromatic juice4 ,?is r5d]+ is confirm$ by ! use ( 1 to embalm 7,g54 l4 #b1 #bf71 :i* 0 done ) spices & aromatic plants 7#b ,*ron4 xvi4 #ad2 ,john xix4 #dj74 ,! ,sept41 ,aquila41 & ,vulg4 r5d] 1 puts =?1 b ?is signification _c be d$uc$ f ! root4 ,ewald1 ,magnus1 ,hitzig1 h 8! fig-tree r$d5s10 c41 b ! v]b is n us$ 9 ?is s5se 9 ,hebrew4 7f immature71 an unripe fig1 ,sept4 1 ,vulg4 grossus2 s 9 ! ,talmud & ,ibn ,ezra1 1 ! fruit be=e x is ripe4 ,! v9es blossom1 c4 ,x is well kn[n t ! blossom+ v9e smells sweetly2 comp4 ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 xiv4 #b4 1 lit4 ! v9es are 9 blossom1 i4e4 ! v9es blossom2 s ,sym4 1 ,vulg4 flor5tes4 ,sub/antives are frequ5tly us$ 9 ,hebrew in/ead ( adjectives to express prop]ties2 ?us 1 ! flax 0 boll$4 ,exod4 ix4 #ca2 ,ezra4 x4 #ac4 ,?is peculi>ity is to be acc\nt$ = by suppos+ ei!r t ! adjectives 7 n z yet =m$1 or if =m$ 7 /ill n curr5tly us$4 ,ges54 #ajf1 #a2 ,ewald1 #bif b4 /&s = 2 comp4 v]4 #aj2 ! has be5 occasion$ by ! prec$+ =m 1 & succe$+ words 1 :i* t]m9ate 9 4 ,?is is n unfrequ5tly ! case1 see ,job xix4 #bi2 ,eccl4 viii4 #ag2 ,prov4 viii4 #ce2 ,mi*4 i4 #h4 ,! ,sept4 has "h aga9 = 1 & aft] 4 #ad4 ,my dove 9 ! clefts1 c4 ,hav+ describ$ ! *>m+ aspect ( nature1 he repeat$ 8 invitation to h] to g ) him into ! fields4 ,impati5t at h] app>5t delay1 ! belov$1 :il/ call+ h] by ! ende>+ epi!t 8dove10 delicately ascrib$ to h] ! timor\s "* ( t bird4 ,doves 9 ! ,ea/ make _! ne/s 9 ! clefts ( elevat$ rocks & cliffs 7,j]4 xxviii4 #bh71 :i* !y are exce$+ly afraid to leave :5 once fright5$4 ,?us ,hom]1 ,iliad1 xxi4 #dic3 ' 1 1 ' ' 1 1 ' 4 8,z :5 ! falcon w+s h] way above1 ,to ! cleft cav]n spe$s ! fright5'd dove1 ,/raight to h] %elt] ?us ! goddess flew40 ,see also ,virg4 n4 v4 #bac4 is ! plural con/ruct4 ( 7f ! root 1 to make incisions 91 to split or p]=ate rocks72 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 plural con/4 ( & f 1 vide sup4 ii4 #aa4 1 7f 1 cognate ) 1 to asc5d17 a place rea*$ by climb+ or asc5d+1 a /eep1 a precipice4 ,! ,mazora m>ks ! 9 z sup]flu\s1 evid5tly to avoid ! app>5t incongruity betwe5 ! adjective 1 :i* is 9 ! s+ul>1 & ! n\n 1 app>5tly plural4 ,b ! "h may be reta9$1 & ! ^w may /ill be s+ul>4 ,= _m n\ns f roots pres]ve 9 ! s+ul> be=e a suffix ! orig9al ( ! root1 & ?us h ! appe>ance ( ! plural3 e4g4 1 ?y ca/le 7,isa4 xxx4 #bc71 f 1 1 ! same expression1 ,job xli4 #a2 ,ges54 #ic1 #i2 ,ewald1 #bef b4 #ae4 ,cat* u ! foxes1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite "h quotes ! words ( h] bro!rs1 :o _h ov]he>d ! invitation4 ,to prev5t ! meet+ ( ! lov]s1 ! bro!rs gave ! damsel employm5t 9 ! v9ey>d1 to cat* & keep out ! foxes4 ,to ?is %e ref]s 9 i4 #f1 :51 repell+ ! disda9ful looks ( ! c\rt ladies1 & acc\nt+ = h] br[n complexion1 %e m5tions ! sev]e treatm5t ( h] bro!rs4 1 foxes1 z well z jackals1 7 v num]\s 9 ,pale/9e 7,judg4 xv4 #d2 ,lam4 v4 #ah2 ,ps4 lxiii4 #aa2 ,neh4 iv4 #c74 ,!re 0 a di/rict actually call$ 1 f ! abundance ( ^! creatures1 #a ,sam4 xiii4 #ag4 ,^! animals are greg>i\s1 f\nd 9 packs ( two or ?ree hundr$ 7,bo*4 ,hi]oz4 lib4 iii4 #ab71 & are describ$1 bo? by sacr$ & pr(ane writ]s1 z de/ructive to v9ey>ds1 ,sam4 i4 #ag1 #ah2 & ,!ocritus1 ,idyl4 v4 #aab3 1 4 8,i hate ^? bru%-tail'd foxes1 t ea* night ,spoil ,micon's v9ey>ds ) _! deadly bite30 also ,idyl4 i4 #dg-ej4 ,! "y foxes are especially injuri\s to ! v9ey>ds1 because !y burr[ 9 holes 9 ! gr\nd1 ,neh4 iv4 #c4 ,! bro!rs1 9 ! la/ clause1 assign a reason = _! proposal2 ! 9 is !re=e to be r5d]$ =1 ,ges54 #aee1 #a c4 ,! ,sept4 inadv]t5tly omits ! ^w 4 #af4 ,my belov$ is m9e1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite tells ! c\rt ladies h[ %e _h consol$ h]self "u ^! circum/ances ( sep>ation3 8,?\gh my bro!rs succe$$ 9 sep>at+ u bodily by assign+ to me ?is po/ ( keep+ ! v9ey>ds1 yet our affections are insep>able2 & ?\gh /ill sep>at$ f me1 my belov$ is m9e & ,i am 82 8 :o t5ds 8 flock 9 ! mead[s ab\nd+ ) fl[]s40 ,x seems z if ! words1 8he :o fe$s 8 flock among ! lilies10 7 design$ly add$1 :5ev] ! damsel speaks ( h] belov$1 to %[ unmi/akably t he 0 a %eph]d4 ,h[ su* passages c be reconcil$ ) ! supposition t ! k+ is ! object ( ! maid5's atta*m5t1 or1 accord+ to o!rs1 t ! maid5 is ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh1 is difficult to div9e4 #ag4 ,:5 ! day cools1 c4 ,%e also relates h[ %e _h com=t$ h] belov$1 tell+ him t ?is /ate ( sep>ation w\ld n la/ long2 t he mu/ come 9 ! ev5+1 :5 unobs]v$1 ) ! same swift-foot$ spe$ z he came 9 ! morn+4 1 i4q4 1 :5 ! day breeze bl[s1 i4e4 9 ! ev5+1 %ortly be=e sunset1 :5 a g5tle & cool+ breeze bl[s 9 ! ,ea/ 7see ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 ii4 #dg72 h5ce 1 ,g54 iii4 #h1 oppos$ to 1 xviii4 #a4 ,t ?is is ! s5se ( 1 & n day-break 7,engli% ,v]471 or morn+-brea? 7,good71 is evid5t f ! imm$iately foll[+ 1 :i* expresses ! same idea 9 o!r words1 i4q4 ev5+2 comp4 ,job xiv4 #b4 ,! %ad[s are said to flee away :5 at sunset !y become elongat$ & /ret*$ out2 ?us z x 7 run away f u1 fur!r & fur!r1 till !y ev5tually vani% 9 ! d>k ( night4 ,h5ce ,david1 speak+ ( ! approa*+ sunset ( 8 life1 says1 1 ,my days are l an elongat$ %ad[1 ,ps4 cii4 #ab2 cix4 #bc4 ,comp4 also ,virg4 ,eclog4 i4 #hd1 & ii4 #ff4 ,s ,h]d]1 ,kleuk]1 ,ewald1 ,ges541 ,dpke1 ,ros5mll]1 ,magnus1 ,heilig/$t1 ,fr/1 ,philippson1 ,mei]1 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,hitzig4 ,! r5d]+ ( ,hodgson1 ,good1 c41 8till ! day-brea?10 & _! ref]5ce to ! passage ( ,milton1 8,sweet is ! brea? ( morn0 7,p>4 ,lo/1 iv4 #fda71 is gratuit\s4 ,! words are r5d]$ by ! ,sept4 1 m\nta9s ( cavities1 i4e4 decussat$ m\nta9s1 f 1 to divide1 to cut1 :i* ,ges5ius & ,heilig/$t expla91 a region divid$ by m\nta9s & valleys1 b v unsatisfactorily4 ,! ,syriac & ,!odo4 h 1 tak+ = 1 :i* is adopt$ by ,mei]2 b ?is em5dation is unsupport$ by ,,mss41 & has evid5tly aris5 f viii4 #ad4 ,! ,vulg4 & ,ra%bam take z a prop] "n1 montes ,be!r2 b nei!r place nor m\nta9 is kn[n by su* "n4 ,! ,*ald41 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%i expla9 by m\nta9s ( sep>ation1 i4e4 m\nta9s :i* sep>ate !e f me3 ?is is foll[$ by ,lu!r1 ,ewald1 ,de ,wette1 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,philippson1 ,hitzig1 & is mo/ consonant ) ! context4 ,we h se5 7v]4 #i71 t !re 7 m\nta9s sep>at+ ! h\ses ( ! lov]s1 :i* ! %eph]d _h to cross to rea* ! ,%ulamite2 & z %e told him to g back & return 9 ! ev5+1 x 0 evid5t t he _h to cross aga9 ^? sep>at+ m\nta9s4 #a4 ,:5 on my nightly c\*1 c4 ,?r\gh "s means or o!r h] belov$ did n come 9 ! ev5+ accord+ to reque/1 &1 unable to wait any long]1 %e retir$4 ,h] ?\ghts1 h[ev]1 kept h] awake1 & h] confid5ce 9 him made h] look = him ev5 :5 on h] c\*4 ,! words d n mean1 8,i s\ght him 9 my b$10 at :i* unnecess>y umbrage has be5 tak51 b 8,ev5 :5 ,i recl9$ ^u my nocturnal c\*1 ,i c\ld n give him up2 ,i /ill s\ght to f9d him40 means my c\* us$ at nights1 i4q4 1 9 contradi/9ction to 1 a c\* us$ at noonday1 #b ,sam4 iv4 #e4 ,?is is evid5t f ! plural 1 9 ! nights1 & f v]4 #h1 :]e ! same plural is us$ to describe nocturnal m>aud]s4 ,! affirmation ( ,h>m]1 !re=e1 t no reasonable d\bt c be made t ^! are ! words ( "o to ^: b$ ! belov$ 0 no /rang]1 falls to ! gr\nd4 ,! ,sept4 adds1 1 f *ap4 v4 #f4 #b4 ,i mu/ arise n[1 c4 ,see+1 h[ev]1 t h] belov$ did n come1 & appreh5d+ t "s disa/] might h befall5 him on 8 way1 ! ,%ulamite det]m9$ to g & f9d him4 ,! - 9 is expressive ( self-summons & det]m9ation3 8,i said to myself1 ,come6 ,i mu/ arise n[60 ,comp4 ,ps4 ii4 #c2 lv4 #c2 ,ges54 #abh1 #a2 ,ewald1 #bbh a4 #c4 ,! wat*m51 c41 f\nd h] :il/ engag$ 9 seek+ h] belov$1 & %e at once inquir$ ( !m :e!r !y _h se5 him4 ,! int]rogative p>ticle is "h omitt$4 ,?is is sometimes ! case :5 ! :ole s5t5ce1 z "h1 is int]rogative1 9 :i* case x is di/+ui%$ by ! prom95ce giv5 to ! ^w ^u :i* ! =ce or weight ( ! int]rogation m especially falls2 z by ! tone 9 :i* x is utt]$1 e4g4 1 8,?is ?y k9dness to ?y fri5d60 #b ,sam4 xvi4 #ag2 xviii4 #bi2 ,ges54 #aec1 #a2 ,ewald1 #cbd a4 #d4 ,sc>cely _h ,i pass$ !m1 c4 ,! abruptness ( ! description "h is v *>act]i/ic4 ,%e in=ms u t %e _h put a "q to ! wat*m51 b1 9 h] hurry to f9d h] belov$1 does n tell u ! answ] :i* %e receiv$4 ,! con/ruction --1 sc>cely :51 is n[h]e else to be f\nd 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 x may be resolv$ to 1 ! "t t ,i pass$ !m am\nt$ to a little :ile4 #e4 ,i adjure y1 c4 ,hav+ express$ h] deep atta*m5t to h] belov$ %eph]d1 %e aga9 adjures ! c\rt ladies n to p]suade h] to love any "o else4 ,comp4 ii4 #g4 ,! ,sept4 has aga9 1 p[]s1 & 1 virtues2 vide supra1 ii4 #g4 #f4 ,:at is t1 c4 ,! situation *anges4 ,! /ate t5ts h be5 brok5 up 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,%ulamite's home1 & ! royal tra9 travels t[>ds ,j]usalem4 ,"s ( ! inhabitants1 z !y see at a di/ance ! procession almo/ envelop$ 9 ! fragrant cl\d ( smoke aris+ f ! inc5se pr(usely burn$1 exclaim1 8,:at is t com+ up f ! c\ntry80 8,! burn+ ( p]fumes 9 ! ,ea/1 9 ! prec$+ "p ( processions1 is bo? v anci5t & v g5]al4 ,deities 7images7 7 probably ! fir/ hon\r$ ) ?is c]emony1 & aft]w>ds _! suppos$ viceg]5ts1 human div9ities4 ,we h a relic ( ! same cu/om /ill exi/+ among ourselves1 9 ! fl[]s /rew$ or borne 9 public processions1 at coronations1 c41 & be=e our great (fic]s ( /ate3 z ! ,"l ,*ancellor1 ! ,speak] ( ! ,h\se ( ,commons2 & 9 "s corporations1 ! mace1 z an ensign ( (fice1 has ! same orig91 ?\gh n[ r$uc$ to a gild$ ornam5t only40 ,see ,calmet1 ,diction>y1 & ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 iv4 #idh4 is prop]ly us$ ( p]sons1 b also ( ?+s1 especially :5 ! notion ( p]son or p]sons is 9 !m1 e4g4 1 8,:at is all ?is company ) !e80 ,g54 xxxiii4 #h2 ,mi*4 i4 #e4 ,t ?is is "h ! mean+ ( 1 is evid5t f ! answ]1 1 ,behold1 x is ! palanqu94 7f 1 to range 9 ord]1 to guide1 to drive flocks71 "h is n des]t1 b1 z frequ5tly1 an un9habit$ pla9 or c\ntry1 :]e flocks are t5d$1 9 contradi/9ction to t[n1 :]e p dwell4 ,comp4 ,isa4 xlii4 #aa2 ,j]4 xxiii4 #aj2 ,joel ii4 #bb4 1 ! plur4 ( 1 l 1 f 1 columns or cl\ds1 only occurs once m1 ,joel iii4 #c1 & is mo/ probably d]iv$ f 1 to asc5d1 to rise up l a column or cl\d4 ,! has m]ely be5 ins]t$ to help ! pronunciation 7comp4 ,exod4 xxv4 #ca2 ,ps4 xix4 #d471 &1 inde$1 n9ete5 ,,mss4 & orig9ally ano!r omit ! 1 :i* is und\bt$ly ! correct read+4 ,! 9 signifies z 94 ,comp4 ,isa4 v4 #ag2 xxix4 #g2 ,ges54 ,gram4 #aah1 #c1 ,rem4 is us$ = a plurality compris+1 or consi/+ (1 div]s s+le ?+s or objects1 & is to be r5d]$ all k9ds4 ,comp4 ,lev4 xix4 #bc2 ,neh4 xiii4 #af2 ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 "u #e2 ,ges54 #ajh1 #d1 #aaa1 #a4 71 1 arbor ?uris1 ?us71 frank9c5se1 s call$ f its :ite col\r1 0 e>ly kn[n & ext5sively us$ by ! ,jews 7,exod4 xxx4 #cd2 ,lev4 ii4 #a1 #b2 ,isa4 lxiii4 #bc7 & o!r nations 7,tibull4 ,lib4 ,eleg4 ii42 ,ovid4 ,tri/4 ,lib4 ,v4 ,eleg4 v4 #aa7 9 sacrifices = fumigation4 ,x is repres5t$ z a %rub1 gr[+ on m\nta9s1 & ?orny1 bo? 9 ,arabia 7,isa4 lx4 #f2 ,j]4 vi4 #bj7 & 9 ,pale/9e1 accord+ to ! passage "h2 rea*es a height ( ab\t five feet1 & resembles 9 its leaves & fruit ! myrtle4 ,! frank9c5se is obta9$ by incisions :i* are made twice a ye>2 ! fir/ 9 ! beg9n+ ( autumn1 :i* is :ite & pure 7 1 ,exod4 xxx4 #cd71 & is reg>d$ z sup]ior2 & ! second incision is made 9 ! w9t]1 :5 ! res9 ?us obta9$ is r$di%1 & consid]$ mu* inf]ior4 ,comp4 ,w9]1 ,bibl4 ,dict4 p4 #fha1 et seq42 ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 xxxii4 #ad4 #g1 #h4 ,lo6 x is ! palanqu91 c4 ,ano!r by/&]1 recogniz+ x at a di/ance1 exclaims t x is ! cortge ( ,solomon1 consi/+ ( 8 palanqu9 & gu>d4 1 i4q4 2 comp4 ,ges54 #aba1 #e1 note2 ,ewald1 #cji c4 ,?is con/ruction1 h[ev]1 has no real analogy 9 ! ,scriptures2 x frequ5tly occurs 9 latt] ,hebrew writ+s4 ,comp4 1 ! bottom ( ! m\nta91 9 ,ra%bam on ! ,song ( ,songs1 iv4 #a4 ,! "h m5tion$1 7 a sep>ate class ( ! body-gu>d =m$ by ,david2 &1 z co-religioni/s 7 71 seem to h be5 *os5 to protect ! mon>* on 8 excursion aga9/ any attack ( nocturnal m>aud]s1 s frequ5t & s mu* dread$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,comp4 ,job i4 #ae1 ) ,g54 xvi4 #ab4 ,! 9 is us$ p>titively1 vide supra1 i4 #b4 1 skill$ 9 ! sword4 1 to take hold1 also to h&le artfully1 l 1 to take hold1 to h&le skilfully4 ,! p>ticiple 1 ?\gh ( a passive =m1 has an active signification2 ?is is n unfrequ5tly ! case1 especially :5 x belongs to an intransitive v]b4 ,comp4 1 he tru/$ 9 ,jehovah1 ,ps4 cxii4 #g2 ,ges54 #ej1 #c1 ,rem4 #b2 ,ewald1 #adi d4 ,?is removes ! app>5t contradiction caus$ by ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 8,!y all hold swords20 :5 9 ! next clause1 z ,hodgson & ,good rem>k$1 we are told t ea* _h 8 sword on 8 ?igh4 1 a man is us$ z a di/ributive = ea*1 e4 ,comp4 ,g54 xv4 #ah2 xlii4 #be2 ,ges54 #abd1 #b1 ,rem4 #a2 ,ewald1 #bgh1 b4 ,we mu/ supply aft] 4 ,comp4 ,exod4 xxii4 #bg2 ,ps4 xlv4 #d4 1 fe>1 metonymically = ! object ( fe> 7,g54 xxxi4 #db1 #ec71 "h m>aud]s4 ,?is is evid5t f ,ps4 xci4 #e2 ,prov4 iii4 #bd4 1 9 or dur+ ! nights1 i4e4 nocturnal m>aud]s4 ,vide supra1 iii4 #a4 #i4 ,a palanqu91 c4 ,z ! tra9 draws ne>]1 a ?ird p]son recognizes x z ! newly-made palanqu91 ( :i* he gives a circum/antial description4 ,palanqu9s 7 & are /ill us$ 9 ! ,ea/ by great p]sonages4 ,!y are l a c\*1 suffici5tly long = ! rid] to recl9e1 cov]$ ) a canopy re/+ on pill>s at ! f\r corn]s1 hung r\nd ) curta9s to exclude ! sun2 !y h a door1 sometimes ( lattice-"w1 on ea* side4 ,!y are borne by f\r or m m51 by means ( /rong poles1 l ^? ( our s$an-*airs2 & 9 travell+ great di/ances1 !re are always sev]al sets ( m5 to relieve ea* o!r4 ,! mat]ials ( :i* ^! palanqu9s are made1 & ! /yle ( _! con/ruction1 dep5d ^u ! rank & weal? ( ! own]s4 ,! ^w is mo/ probably d]iv$ f 1 to run1 to be borne quickly4 ,comp4 1 f 1 1 f 1 currus f curr5do1 f]culum f f]o4 ,! =m is1 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 lik5ess 7,ps4 xvii4 #ab71 & 1 ransom 7,exod4 xxi4 #cj72 comp4 ,ges54 #hd1 #ae2 ,ewald1 #afc c4 ) a pro/hetic 7,ges54 #ai1 #d2 ,ewald1 #afb c17 foll[$ by a ,dage% =te l 1 a palace1 ,dan4 xi4 #de2 see ,fr/1 ,lexicon4 ,ewald1 h[ev]1 d]ives x f 1 to "w out1 to build1 to =m1 h5ce 1 e9 ,pra*t/ck4 ,kim*i d]ives x f 1 to be fruitful1 & says x is call$ 1 because 1 p increase & multiply !re94 ,b ?is is contr>y to ! description "h giv5 ( ! procession4 ,besides1 a bridal b$ has no 77 seat4 1 to make1 means also to h made1 to ord] to be made4 ,a p]son is frequ5tly describ$ 9 ,scripture idiom z do+ t :i* he ord]s to be done4 #b ,sam4 xv4 #a2 ,gal4 ii4 #e1 #f4 ,! 9 d5otes ! mat]ial ( :i* ! frame-"w 0 made4 ,ps4 xlv4 #d4 ,! wood ( ,lebanon1 i4e4 c$>s & cypresses1 ,ze*4 xi4 #a1 #b2 #a ,*ron4 ii4 #h4 #aj4 ,its pill>s he ha? made1 c4 ,! description "h giv5 ( ! co/ly con/ruction ( ?is magnific5t palanqu9 is by no means a m]e poetic embelli%m5t4 ,a simil> litt] 0 pres5t$ by ! ,briti% gov]nm5t 9 #agff to ! ,nabob ( ! ,c>natic1 ( :i* ! foll[+ acc\nt is giv5 by ,williams 9 loco1 f ! public pr9ts ( ! "t3 8,! beams are solid gold1 ! inside beautifully decorat$ ) silv] l9+ & fr+e ?r\gh\t2 ! panels are pa9t$ 9 ! highe/ /yle ( f9i%+1 & repres5t v>i\s gr\ps & heads ( animals1 aft] ! mann] ( ,asia1 bead$ ) gold ri*ly rais$ above ! surface1 & engrav$4 ,! /ays & diff]5t o!r ornam5ts are ( emboss$ silv]40 ,curtius 7viii4 #i1 #bc7 gives u a description ( ! procession ( an ,indian pot5tate1 :i* /rik+ly resembles ! "o "h depict$4 8,:5 ! k+ %[s himself 9 public1 8 s]vants g be=e him ) silv] c5s]s1 :i* fill ! air1 ?r\gh\t ! way along :i* he is borne 9 ! palanqu91 ) delici\s od\r4 ,he himself is recl9+ ^u a gold5 c\*1 cov]$ ) pe>ls & veil$ ) purple curta9s1 embroid]$ ) gold2 ! life-gu>d br+ up ! re>40 7f 1 to support1 ii4 #e71 t :i* supports ! back :5 sitt+2 s ! ,sept4 2 ,vulg4 recl9atorium2 ,dpke1 ,ros5mll]1 ,hitzig1 c4 1 a seat1 comp4 ,lev4 xv4 #i4 ,! words 1 are ei!r to be translat$3 its c5tre is tesselat$ mo/ lovely1 by ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem2--! n\n may be us$ adv]bially = lovely1 *>m+ly1 comp4 1 8,i w love !m freely10 ,hos4 xiv4 #d2 ,ewald1 #bgi c1 #bjd2 s ,lu!r1 ,kleuk]1 ,h]d]1 ,de ,wette1 ,ros5mll]1 ,philippson1 c42 & ! 9 may d5ote ! au?or or in/rum5t1 see ,isa4 xxii4 #c2 xxviii4 #g2 ,eccl4 xii4 #aa2 ,ges54 ,gram4 #adc1 #b2--or !y may be r5d]$1 ! middle !re( is wr\ght1 z expressive ( _! love1 by ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem2 tak+ 1 love1 = ! effect1 or pro( ( x2 comp4 1 i4 #b1 & 9 ,greek2 s ,le ,cl]c1 ,bp4 ,p]cy1 ,drs4 ,good & ,cl>k4 ,! int]ior ( ^! c\*es is g5]ally pa9t$ ) baskets ( fl[]s & nosegays1 int]mix$ ) %ort s5t5ces or mottoes1 express+ ! p[] ( love4 #aa4 ,come out1 ,o ye daught]s1 c4 ,z ! royal tra9 beg9s to ent] ! city1 a f\r? by/&] calls ! daught]s ( ,zion to come out & see ! mon>* 9 8 joyful attire4 ,?us ! inspir$ writ] beautifully puts into ! m\? ( sev]al spectators ! description he desires to give4 ,! cr[n "h m5tion$ is n ! symbol ( royalty1 b ! emblem ( happ9ess 7,job xix4 #i74 ,cr[ns or *aplets ( fl[]s 7 worn 9 anci5t times on occasions ( fe/ivity & rejoic+2 comp4 ,apocryp4 ,wisdom1 ii4 #g1 #h4 ,conjugal life be+ reg>d$ z ! mo/ happy1 x became a cu/om among ! ,jews1 z well z among o!r nations1 to put cr[ns on ! heads ( ! newly-m>ri$ p4 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 iv4 #aif4 8,9 ! ,greek ,*ur* 9 ,egypt10 says ,maillet1 8! p>ties are plac$ be=e a read+-desk on :i* is ! book ( ! ,gospels1 hav+ two cr[ns ^u x ( fl[]s1 clo?1 or t9sel4 ,! prie/1 aft] b5$ictions & pray]s1 places "o on ! bridegroom's1 ! o!r on ! bride's head1 cov]+ bo? ) a veil40 7,see also ,talmud1 ,so?a1 ix4 #ad2 ,seld51 ,uxor4 ,hebr4 ,,ii4 xv4 #aci2 ,i4 ,f4 ,hirt1 de ,coronis apud ,hebraeos nuptialibus sposi sposaeque74 ,! ,jews /ill call ! bridegroom 1 & ! bride 4 ,! design ( ,solomon 9 putt+ on ?is cr[n is evid5tly to dazzle ! ru/ic girl4 ,! arrival & entrance ( ! royal tra9 9 ! capital1 record$ 9 v]ses #f-aa1 evid5tly %[ t ! circum/ances n>rat$ 9 ! prec$+ sections took place out ( ,j]usalem1 & t ! ap>tm5ts into :i* ! k+ br\ght ! damsel1 z /at$ 9 *4 i4 #d1 7 n 9 ! capital1 b1 z we see f *4 vi4 #aa1 #ab1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,%ulamite's home4 ,! abnormal is "h int5tionally us$ in/ead ( ! normal 1 to correspond 9 =m ) 2 j z 1 entrance 7,ezek4 xliii4 #aa71 is employ$ in/ead ( 1 to correspond ) 1 see also ,j]4 l4 #bj2 ,ezek4 xvi4 #ej2 infra1 viii4 #e2 ,ges54 #ei1 ,rem4 #c2 ,ewald1 #aah d4 ,! female inhabitants ( ! t[n are design$ly call$ 1 to di/+ui% !m f ! 1 :i* is ! appellation ( ! c\rt ladies4 #a4 ,behold1 ?\ art1 c4 ,! %eph]d1 :o _h foll[$ af> (f ! royal tra9 9 :i* 8 belov$ 0 convey$ to ! capital1 obta9s an int]view ) h]1 & is n[ address+ h]4 ,?9e eyes are doves2 see supra1 i4 #ae4 ,?y hair is l a flock ( goats1 i4e4 ! tresses1 dangl+ f ! cr[n ( h] head1 are z beautiful z ,m\nt ,gilead cov]$ ) ! %aggy h]d4 ,! hair ( ,ori5tal goats is exce$+ly delicate1 s(t 7,g54 xxvii4 #af71 long1 & black 7#a ,sam4 xix4 #ac72 & :5 ! sun %9es ^u x1 reflects su* a gl>e t ! eye c h>dly be> ! lu/re 7see ,bo*4 ,hi]oz4 i4 #b1 #ea4 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 i4 #he74 is ! "n ( a *a9 ( lime/one m\nta9s beyond ,jordan1 int]sect$ by num]\s valleys 7,g54 xxxi4 #ba2 ,j]4 l4 #ai74 ,?is ridge ext5ds ov] ! regions inhabit$ by ! tribes ( ,reub51 ,gad1 & ! nor!rn "p ( ,manasseh 7,numb4 xxxii4 #dj2 ,deut4 iii4 #ac2 ,jo%4 xvii4 #a-f74 ,x 0 fam\s = its luxuriant v]dure1 aromatic simples1 & ri* pa/ures2 & h5ce attract$ ! flocks 7,numb4 xxxii4 #a72 & animals f ?is region 7 reg>d$ z ( a sup]ior quality1 l gold f ,ophir4 ,no?+1 !re=e1 c\ld m beautifully express ! curly hair ( a woman1 dangl+ d[n f ! cr[n ( h] head1 ?an ! sight1 at a di/ance1 ( a flock ( goats runn+ d[n f ! summit ( ?is v]dant hill on a beautiful day4 7f 1 i4q4 ,*ald4 1 1 to b9d1 to tw9e1 to veil71 is well expla9$ by ,ra%bam1 1 a k9d ( cov]1 or veil2 s ,sym41 ,sept41 ,isa4 xlvii4 #b1 ,mi*aelis1 ,dpke1 ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 ,lee1 ,p]cy1 ,williams1 ,hitzig1 c4 ,! r5d]+ ( ! ,sept4 "h1 1 beh9d ?y sil5ce1 :i* is foll[$ by ! ,syriac & ,arabic1 is bo? contr>y to ! etymology ( ! ^w1 & mean+less4 ,! o!r translations1 viz4 locks 7,au?4 ,v]s41 ,ewald71 a plait ( hair 7,h5g/5b]g71 _c be sub/antiat$4 ,! ^w 1 :i* occurs only "h & vi4 #e1 is ( difficult int]pretation1 & has produc$ a v>iety ( r5d]+s4 ,! ,sept4 has "h 1 & vi4 #e1 1 ! ,syriac 1 ! ,vulg4 "h asc5d]unt1 & vi4 #e1 app>u]unt4 ,! ,rabb9s also diff] 9 _! int]pretations4 ,ra%i expla9s x 1 t make b>e1 i4e4 quit or desc5d ! m\nta94 ,ibn ,ezra1 1 :i* look d[n2 ,ra%bam1 1 :i* are se51 i4e4 :ile com+ d[n f ! m\nt4 ,mod]n comm5tators are n less at v>iance4 ,lu!r translates x %orn2 ,h\bigant1 :i* hang d[n2 ,kleuk]1 ,ewald1 :i* %[s itself2 ,dpke1 ,ges5ius1 ,hitzig1 ,philippson1 :i* lie d[n2 ,magnus1 :i* climb up2 ,p]cy1 ,h5g/5b]g1 :i* come up1 i4e4 f ,j]usalem4 ,amid/ ^! conflict+ op9ions1 x appe>s be/ to take 1 l its k9dr$ 1 9 ! s5se ( roll+ d[n1 runn+ d[n2 see ,fr/4 ,lexicon1 s4v4 ,?is mean+ accords be/ ) ! comp>ison "h us$1 & leaves to ! preposition its natural signification4 ,! omission ( 9 ! ,sept41 ,arabic1 & a few ,,mss41 is evid5tly ow+ to ! c>elessness ( a transcrib]4 #b4 ,?y tee?1 c4 ,! complim5t pass$ ^u ! black hair is foll[$ by ano!r on ! :ite tee?3 8,?y tee? resemble 9 :it5ess woolly %eep j wa%$40 ,?is comp>ison w appe> m /rik+ :5 we rememb] t ! wool ( ,scripture is prov]bial = its :it5ess1 & is plac$ 9 juxtaposition ) ! col\r ( sn[1 ,isa4 i4 #ah2 ,dan4 vii4 #i2 ,rev4 i4 #ad2 ,book ( ,eno* xlvi4 #a4 ,! ,sept41 :i* is foll[$ by _m mod]n comm5tators1 takes ! comp>ison to be betwe5 ! %orn sk9 ( ! %eep & ! tee?2 b ?is is unt5able4 ,=1 #a4 ,! sk9 ( %orn %eep c nev] h ! :it5ess :i* ! context "h dem&s2 #b4 ,%orn %eep w\ld yield a v incongru\s figure1 if tee? 7 comp>$ ) !m2 #c4 ,%eep1 z n[1 7 g5]ally wa%$ be=e & n aft] !y 7 %orn2 #d4 ,! passage 9 vi4 #f1 %[s t is m]ely a poetical epi!t = 1 n because !y 7 !n %orn1 b because !y are p]iodically %orn4 ,! explanation ( by well numb]$ 7,ra%i71 or by 1 same size 7,kim*i1 ,ibn ,ezra71 are aga9/ vi4 #f4 ,all ( :i* are pair$4 ,t is1 ea* upp] too? has its correspond+ l[] "o2 ?us !y1 z x 71 appe> 9 pairs1 l ?is flock ( :ite %eep1 ea* ( :i* keeps to its mate1 z !y come up f ! wa%+-pool4 ,& no "o ( !m is depriv$ ( its fell[1 i4e4 no too? is depriv$ ( its correspond+ "o1 j z none ( ! %eep is b]eav$ ( its companion4 ,! ,hiphil ( 1 to be d\ble1 to be pairs 7,exod4 xxvi4 #bd2 xxxvi4 #bi71 is to make d\ble1 to make pairs1 to appe> pair$4 is depriv$1 b]eav$1 ,j]4 xviii4 #ba4 ,on ! mascul9e suffixes 9 & 1 ref]r+ to 1 fem41 see supra1 ii4 #g4 ,! words & =m a p>anomasia2 see i4 #b4 ,! r5d]+ ( by 1 all be>+ tw9s 7,kim*i1 c471 :i* "s try to ju/ify by submitt+ t %eep z well z goats 9 ! ,ea/ frequ5tly be> tw9s 7,ari/4 ,hi/4 ,anim4 i4 #f1 #ai2 ,!ocret4 i4 #be2 iii4 #cd71 is incompatible ) ! figure4 ,! tee? surely1 :i* are "h comp>$ to ! flock1 _c be said to be> tw9s l ! %eep4 ,^? :o attempt to get ov] ?is difficulty by ref]r+ x to ! r[s ( ! tee?1 are1 to say ! lea/1 guilty ( introduc+ a new subject4 #c4 ,?y m\? is lovely4 is translat$ by ! ,sept41 ,syriac1 ,vulg41 ,ra%i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 spee*1 language2 b ?is is incompatible ) ! description "h giv51 :i* depicts ! memb]s ( ! body1 & n _! actions4 ,x is !re=e m consonant ) ! context to take z a poetical expression = ! in/rum5t ( spee*2 n ! tongue 7,s*ult5s1 ,kleuk]1 ,dpke71 :i* is kept )9 ! m\?1 & n :5 put out 77 beautiful2 b ! m\? itself1 7,ewald1 ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 ,umbreit1 ,ros5mll]1 ,mei]1 ,philippson1 c47 ,! objection ( ,magnus 7:o translates x voice71 & ( ,hitzig 7:o translates x palate71 t ! r5d]+ ( m\? w\ld produce tautology1 inasmu* z ! m\? consi/s ( ! lips1 & ^! h already be5 describ$1 is gratuit\s3 = an individual may h lips l sc>let1 & yet n h a lovely m\?4 ,! 9 1 add$ to ! root 1 to speak1 9 ord] to =m ! n\n1 d5otes ! in/rum5t ) :i* "o speaks3 comp>e 1 an in/rum5t ) :i* to draw out a =k1 f 1 to draw out2 1 an in/rum5t = op5+ a key1 f 1 to op51 ,ges54 #hd1 #ad2 ,ewald1 #afj1 #f4 ,?is corroborates ! r5d]+ we def5d$4 ,l a "p (1 c4 ,t is1 ! rosy *eeks visible b5ea? ! veil resemble ! v]milion$ "p ( ! pomegranate4 ,ea/]n poets frequ5tly comp>e ! col\r ( ! *eeks ) pomegranates & apples4 ,?us 9 a ,p]sian ode quot$ by ,sir ,william ,jones3 8,! pomegranate br+s to my m9d ! blu%es ( my belov$1 :5 h] *eeks are cov]$ ) a mode/ res5tm5t30 & ,ibn ,*allecan1 z adduc$ by ,magnus 9 loco3 8,believe/ ?\ t ! apple c div]t my looks f !e1 :5 ,i behold ?y *eeks80 ,ibn ,ezra1 :o is foll[$ by "s mod]n comm5tators1 expla9s by 1 ! r$ fl[] ( ! pomegranate2 b ?is is contr>y to #b ,k+s iv4 #ci1 :]e ! root is us$ = dissect+ fruit1 & #a ,sam4 xxx4 #ab4 ,o!rs aga9 take ! simile to be betwe5 ! int]ior ( ! pomegranate1 :5 cut or bur/ op51 & ! *eeks2 b ?is be+ flat w\ld by no means repres5t ! r\nd =m ( ! col\r$ *eek "h ref]r$ to4 ,! comp>ison appe>s natural1 /rik+1 & beautiful1 accord+ to ,ra%i's explanation ( 1 viz4 1 t ext]nal half ( ! pomegranate :i* is r$1 "o half ( ! pomegranate be+ br[n1 & ! o!r beautifully v]milion$1 int]mix$ ) yell[ & :ite2 & x is to ! latt] "p to :i* ref]5ce is "h made4 ,s ! ,sept4 1 ! peel1 or ! ext]nal4 ,ra%bam1 ,dpke1 ,hitzig4 #d4 ,?y neck is l1 c4 ,t is1 8,! erect & bold c>riage ( ?y neck1 deck$ ) ornam5ts1 resembles t high1 comm&+ t[]1 adorn$ ) trophies40 ,?\gh ! text supplies u ) no clue = f9d+ out :at t[] ?is 01 yet ! comp>ison implies t x mu/ h be5 "o well kn[n & celebrat$ = its impos+ aspect & symmetrical proportions4 ,s&ys 7iii4 #acg71 :o is foll[$ by o!rs1 id5tifies ?is t[] ) "s ru9s /ill f\nd 9 ! utt]mo/ angle ( ,m\nt ,zion1 :i* be>s t "n4 is r5d]$ by ! ,sept4 1 z a prop] "n2 b !re is no place kn[n by su* a "n4 ,aquila has 3 s ,vulg4 cum propugnaculis1 battlem5ts1 ,sym4 1 heights2 b x is difficult to div9e h[ ^! r5d]+s are to be made out f ! =m & mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,! ,talmud ,j]u%almi1 ,b]a*o?1 section #d1 & ,saadias expla9 x 1 an elevation t[>ds :i* all look1 i4e4 by :i* !y are guid$4 ,ibn ,ezra seems to fav\r ! view t is a comp\nd ( 1 = ! susp5sion ( arms4 ,b ! ,talmudic explanation re/s ^u ! fav\rite :im ( mak+ a ^w ( e lett]4 ,ibn ,ezra's explanation incurs ! objection t 1 by itself1 nev] means swords or arms4 ,besides1 x is evid5t t ?is int]pretation owes its orig9 to ! imm$iately foll[+ clause1 4 ,ges5ius d]ives x f ! ,arabic 1 to de/roy2 h5ce 1 de/ructive1 deadly2 poetically1 = arms4 ,b1 ap>t f ! difficulty ( mak+ 1 ev5 accord+ to ?is d]ivation1 to mean weapons1 accord+ to ?is r5d]+ !re is no connexion betwe5 ?is clause & ! figure4 ,x is !re=e bett]1 ) ,ra%i & ,ra%bam1 to take z a contraction = f ! root 1 to tea*4 ,! radical 9 ! feeble v]bs 1 does n unfrequ5tly fall away3 ?us 1 #b ,sam4 xxii4 #dj1 = 1 & 9 ! same v]b1 = 1 ,job xxxv4 #aa2 ,ges54 #fh1 #b2 ,ewald1 #ed4 7plur4 ( 1 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 f 1 1 f 71 w\ld !re=e signify in/ruction2 ! plural be+ "h us$ = ! ab/ract1 see supra1 i4 #b4 ,?is d]ivation is confirm$ by ! ,*ald41 :i* p]iphrases by 1 in/ruction ( ! law1 & be>s out ! figure1 & yields a beautiful s5se4 ,! ,%ulamite's neck is n comp>$ to "s common turret1 b to t spl5did t[] :i* 0 built = a model1 t1 z ,ra%bam rightly rem>ks1 1 all ar*itects might le>n _! designs f x4 ,a ?\s& %ields1 c4 ,x 0 cu/om>y to adorn ! walls ( t[]s & ca/les ) all sorts ( spl5did arms1 ,ezek4 xxvii4 #aa4 ,! ca/les ( ! m>itime p1 ^: conque/ is record$ by ! ,k\yunjik bas-reliefs1 & di/+ui%$ by ! %ields hung r\nd ! walls4 ,lay>d's ,n9eveh1 ii4 #bif4 1 ?\s& /&s = a r\nd1 l>ge memb]1 ,isa4 xxx4 #ag2 lx4 #bb2 ,ps4 cv4 #h2 ,eccl4 vi4 #f4 1 all k9ds1 all sorts1 see supra1 iii4 #f4 #e4 ,?y bosom1 c4 ,! po9t ( comp>ison is ! lovely sight :i* ^! objects pres5t4 ,! gazelles1 z we h se5 7ii4 #g71 are ! symbol ( beauty4 ,to add h[ev] to _! native *>ms1 !y are repres5t$ "h z br[z+ 9 pa/ure-gr\nd ab\nd+ ) lilies4 ,to ?is lovely spectacle1 ?an :i* no?+ c\ld be m beautiful to an ,ori5tal1 h] brea/s are comp>$4 ,! explanation :i* ,bo*>t1 ,patrick1 ,h5ley1 ,p]cy1 ,good1 give ( ?is comp>ison1 viz4 8,! two paps rise ^u ! brea/ l lilies f ! gr\nd2 among :i*1 if we conceive two r$ kids fe$+1 t 7 tw9s & p]fectly alike1 !y appe>$ l ! nipples or teats ^u ! paps1 to ^? t behold !m af> (f10 is extravagant4 #f4 ,:5 ! day cools1 c4 ,transport$ ) joy at ! sight ( h] belov$ %eph]d1 ! ,%ulamite int]rupts ! praises ( h] p]sonal *>ms1 :i*1 on see+ h] aga91 he began to p\r =?1 by exclaim+3 ,:5 ! day cools1 t is1 8?is v ev5+1 z soon z x gets d>k1 ,i w quit ! royal abode1 & g to our beautiful & op5 c\ntry1 to ! fl[]y meads1 :]e are f\nd aromatic plants gr[+ 9 abundance40 ,= an explanation ( ! fir/ "p ( ?is v]se1 see ii4 #ag1 also spok5 by ! ,%ulamite4 ,t su* m\nta9s ( myrrh & hills ( frank9c5se actually exi/$1 is evid5t f ,florus1 ,epitome ,r]um ,rom41 lib4 iii4 c4 #f41 :]e ,pompey ! ,great is said to h pass$ ov] ,lebanon1 & by ,damascus1 8p] nemora illa odorata1 p] ?uris et balsami sylvas40 #g1 #h4 ,?\ art all beautiful1 c4 ,gladd5$ ) h] decl>ation1 ! %eph]d1 cr[n+ & clos+ 8 description 9 ! words1 8,?\ art a p]fect beauty10 responds1 8,?\ %alt g ) me1 ,i w help !e to quit ^! l(ty heights1 ! abode ( lions & pan!rs--! royal resid5ce2 & safely conduct !e to ! place :i!r ?\ w\ld/ g40 ,lebanon is ! "n ( a long range ( m\nta9s on ! nor? ( ,pale/9e 7,deut4 ii4 #bd2 ,jo%4 i4 #d71 consi/+ ( two p>allel *a9s1 :i* run f s\?-we/ to nor?-ea/4 ,?\gh ! ,scriptures h only "o "n1 viz4 ,lebanon1 = bo? ^! *a9s1 yet ! pres5t inhabitants ( t c\ntry1 z well z mod]n ,travell]s1 h f\nd x conv5i5t to call ! we/]mo/ *a91 fac+ ! ,m$it]ranean1--,lebanon2 & ! ea/]n "o1 fac+ ! pla9 ( ,damascus1--,anti-,libanus1 f its be+ at ,tyre1 p>allel ) & opposite to ! ,syrian ,lebanon4 ,amana1 1 is ! "n ( ! s\!rn "p ( ,anti-,libanus1 at ! root ( :i*1 x is suppos$1 issues ! riv] ( ! same "n2 see #b ,k+s v4 #ab4 ,h]mon1 1 is ! "n ( ! highe/ summit ( a *a9 at ! nor!rnmo/ b\nd>y ( ,pale/9e1 & belongs also to ,anti-,libanus 7,jo%4 xi4 #ag2 xiii4 #e71 & is n[ id5tifi$ ) ,jebel-el-,%eikh4 ,x consi/s ( sev]al m\nta9s1 viz4 ,sirion1 1 ,%5ir1 1 & ,sion1 2 :5ce its plural "n 1 see ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 s4v4 ,lebanon1 ,amana1 ,%5ir & ,h]mon are "h n int5d$ to d5ote v>i\s p>ts ( ! range ( m\nta9s1 b are m]ely diff]5t names ( ! royal resid5ce4 ,! ^w is well r5d]$ by ! ,sept41 ,syriac1 c41 ?\ %alt g2 comp4 ,isa4 lvii4 #i4 ,! ,common ,v]sion look is incompatible ) ! context & p>allelism4 ,surely no "o w\ld invite 8 belov$ to g ) him to dang]\s m\nta9-tops1 to take a view ( ! c\ntry6 ,p]sons are g5]ally anxi\s to avoid p]il\s places4 ,! lions & pan!rs d5ote ! k+ & 8 c\rti]s1 ,ezek4 xix4 #g2 xxii4 #be2 ,nahum ii4 #ab4 1 r5d]$ sp\se 9 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 is tak5 by "s to d5ote a newly-m>ri$ woman4 ,! ^w h[ev] only means betro!d a female "u an engagem5t to m>ry4 ,?is is ! s5se 9 :i* ! ,jews /ill use ! expression4 ,! ,sept41 :i* is foll[$ by ! ,vulg4 & ,lu!r1 translates 1 1 mi/ak+ x = 1 ! imp4 ( 1 to come4 ,! ,vulg4 r5d]+ ( by coronab]is1 evid5tly sav\rs ( allegorism4 ,= ! ,septuag9t's r5d]+ ( 1 by 1 see ,introduction1 p4 #ba4 #i4 ,?\ ha/ put he>t into me1 c4 ,?is extraord9>y am\nt ( /r5g? & c\rage :i* he feels1 to enable him to rescue h] f ! abode ( ! lion1 & to lead h] safely home1 has be5 infus$ into 8 he>t1 he says1 by ! sight ( 8 belov$ "o4 ,s ! ,anonym\s ,ox=d ,manuscript1 4 ,z ! ,piel has sometimes an int5sive1 & sometimes a privative mean+ 7see ,ges54 #eb1 #b2 ,ewald1 #abj71 a diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s z to ! signification ( "h4 ,! ,sept4 has 1 ?\ ha/ unhe>t$ u2 ! ,vulg4 ,vuln]a/i cor meum2 ,ibn ,ezra1 1 ?\ ha/ tak5 away my he>t2 ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 c4 adopt ?is r5d]+4 ,aga9/ ?is h[ev] x is urg$1 t x is incompatible ) ! context4 ,! belov$ "h acc\nts = 8 extraord9>y /r5g? & c\rage1 :i* w\ld enable him to rescue 8 belov$ "o f h] critical position2 & to say1 8,?\ ha/ depriv$ me ( all he>t10 w\ld be a positive contradiction4 ,to be 9 su* an unusually c\rage\s frame1 ! individual mu/ h be5 full ( he>t1 & n di%e>t5$4 ,h5ce ,h]d]1 ,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,lee1 ,mei]1 c41 translate 1 ?\ ha/ put he>t into me2 ?\ ha/ made me bold4 ,?is is confirm$ by ,sym41 ,syriac1 ,arabic1 & ,*ald4 1 my si/]1 does n imply t ! betro!d 0 relat$ to h] belov$1 b is us$ z an expression ( ende>m5t1 ,prov4 vii4 #ad2 ,tobit vii4 #ab2 ! ,apoc4 ,e/h4 xv4 #h1 & soror 9 ,lat94 ,good's r5d]+ ( by my si/]-sp\se1 & 8 rem>k t ! pron\n 8my0 betwe5 ! two sub/antives1 be+ a useless int]pretation ( ! v]sions1 are gratuit\s4 has no suffix "h1 n because x is to be jo9$ ) 1 b because ?is ^w1 l 9 ,*ald41 nev] takes ! suffix #a p]s42 & v]sions !re=e made 9 languages ^: idioms all[ ( ! suffix are "r 9 s express+ x4 ,) "o ( ?9e eyes1 c4 ,x is cu/om>y ) ,ea/]n wom5 to unveil "o ( _! eyes 9 conv]sation1 9 :i* case a "p ( _! neck ornam5ts becomes also visible4 ,niebuhr1 ,travels 9 ,arabia1 i4 #bfb2 see ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 ,art4 ,veil1 figure #ecf1 & infra1 viii4 #i4 ,! ,anonym\s ,,ms41 h[ev]1 expla9s by 1 "o look ( ?9e eyes4 ,! r5d]+ at once 7,hodgson1 ,good7 is incongru\s4 ,! attempt ( ! ,masorites to sub/itute 1 fem41 = 1 mas41 hav+ evid5tly aris5 f _! anxiety to avoid ! app>5t incongruity ( c\pl+ a mascul9e num]al ) a fem99e n\n1 is unnecess>y4 ,! true solution lies 9 ! fact1 t memb]s ( ! human body1 al?\gh usually fem99e1 are mo/ ( !m employ$ occasionally z mascul9e4 ,job xxi4 #bj2 ,ze*4 iv4 #aj2 & infra1 vi4 #e2 ,ges54 #ajg1 #d b2 ,ewald1 #agd d4 is n look 7,vulg471 nor turn 7,p]cy1 ,good71 nor /one 7,ewald1 ,magnus71 b *a94 ,?is is evid5t f ,judg4 viii4 #bf1 & ,prov4 i4 #i1 ! only two passages :]e ?is ^w occurs aga9 7except z a prop] "n71 & is translat$ by ! ,sept4 7,judg4 & ,prov47 1 necklace1 ,aquila1 1 1 neckb&1 neck-"w2 ,sym4 1 1 necklace2 ,vulg4 7,judg4 & ,prov47 torques4 ,s ,ibn ,ezra1 1 a k9d ( ornam5tal b&1 ti$ r\nd ! neck1 ,ra%i1 ,ra%bam1 ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 ,dpke1 ,lee1 ,philippson1 ,mei]1 ,h5g/5b]g1 c4 ,! objection urg$ by ,hitzig1 t an inanimate ornam5t c\ld n effect su* great ?+s1 is obviat$ by a ref]5ce to ! ,book ( ,judi?1 xvi4 #i1 :]e we are in=m$ t ! fair "o succe$$ 9 captivat+ ev5 ! savage ,hol(]nes ) h] s&als3 4 ,besides1 ! mean+ "h is1 t ! slighte/ view ( h] is suffici5t to inspire him ) vig\r & c\rage4 ,! t]m9ation - 9 1 l 1 9 ,syriac1 =ms ! dim9utive2 &1 l dim9utives 9 o!r languages1 is expressive ( affection2 ,ges54 #hf1 #b1 #d2 ,ewald1 #e1 #afg a4 ,! plur4 t]m9ation - 9 1 is to be acc\nt$ = on ! score t ! ,hebrews sometimes use plural =ms = c]ta9 memb]s ( ! body4 ,comp4 1 face1 ,ges54 #ajh1 #b a2 ,ewald1 #agh a4 #aj4 ,h[ sweet is ?y love1 c4 ,"h ! lov] tells 8 lov$ "o :y ! sight ( h] is s animat+ & embold5+4 ,= ! comp>ison ( love ) w9e1 see i4 #b1 #c4 ,! ,sept41 :i* is foll[$ by ! ,syriac1 ,vulg41 ,arabic1 & ,lu!r1 has "h aga9 1 ?y brea/s2 b see i4 #b4 ,! ,sept4 has also 1 1 = 1 evid5tly tak5 f ! foll[+ v]se4 #aa4 ,?y lips1 ,o my betro!d1 c4 ,e ^w :i* falls f h] lips is l a drop f ! honeycomb4 ,?is comp>ison is us$ 9 o!r p>ts ( ,scripture1 & by ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,?us ,prov4 v4 #c3-- 8,! h>lot's lips di/il honey1 ,& h] palate is smoo!r ?an oil40 ,!ocrit4 ,idyl4 xx4 #bf3-- 4 8,m sweet my lips ?an milk 9 lusci\s rills1 ,lips1 :5ce pure honey1 z ,i speak1 di/ils40 ,also ,idyl4 i4 #adf1 #h1 #hb2 ,hom]1 ,iliad1 i4 #bdi2 ,hor4 ,epi/4 i4 #ai1 #dd4 ,t we are to und]/& by di/ill+ honey1 8lovely words10 & n saliva oris osculantis1 is evid5t f ,prov4 xvi4 #bd1 :]e pleasant words are comp>$ to a honeycomb1 & ! passage already quot$1 j z sl&]\s words are repres5t$ z poisons1 ,ps4 cxl4 #c4 ,& ! od\r ( ?y g>m5ts1 c4 ,! ,ori5tals 7 9 ! habit ( p]fum+ _! clo!s ) aromatics4 ,?us we are told t ! g>m5ts ( ,jacob emitt$ a pleasant smell1 ,g54 xxviii4 #bg2 ,ps4 xlv4 #i2 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 i4 #abb4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! odorif]\s trees :i* ab\nd$ on x1 ,lebanon became prov]bial = fragrance4 ,h5ce ! prophet ,hosea 7xiv4 #g71 describ+ ! prosp]\s /ate ( rep5t+ ,israel1 says 1 & 8 od\r %all be z t ( ,lebanon4 ,?is passage is suffici5t to %[ ! error ( ! ,vulg4 9 r5d]+ by sicut odor ?uris1 z if x 7 4 ,! p]fum$ attire :i* ! ,%ulamite _h on1 & :i* ! %eph]d "h praises1 is evid5tly n ! humble clo!s :i* %e _h br\ght ) h]1 b "s spl5did app>el rec5tly giv5 to h] by ! k+4 #ab4 ,a clos$ g>d51 c4 ,! trees ( ,lebanon1 ref]r$ to at ! end ( ! la/ v]se1 sugge/$ ?is beautiful metaphor ( a g>d51 "u :i* ! %eph]d describes ! unsulli$ purity & *a/ity ( ! ,%ulamite4 ,g>d5s 9 ! ,ea/ 7 g5]ally h$g$ or wall$ 91 to prev5t ! intrusion ( /rang]s 7,isa4 v4 #e2 ,joseph4 ,de ,bell4 ,jud4 vii474 ,f ?is arose ! epi!t1 8clos$ g>d510 = a virtu\s woman1 %ut up aga9/ e attempt to ali5ate h] affections4 ,! contr>y figure is us$ 9 viii4 #i2 !re accessibility is describ$ z 8a door10 i4e4 op5 to s$uction4 ,a seal$ f\nta91 c4 ,ano!r metaphor to express ! same idea4 ,! sc>city ( wat] 9 arid c\ntries r5d]s f\nta9s v valuable4 ,to secure !m aga9/ ! encroa*m5t ( /rang]s1 ! proprietors =m]ly fa/5$ _! f\nta9s ) "s ligam5t1 & ! impression ( a seal ^u clay1 :i* w\ld quickly h>d5 9 ! sun1 t w\ld soon dissolve wax4 ,?is mode ( r5d]+ pits safe is f\nd 9 ,dan4 vi4 #ah2 ,matt4 xxvii4 #ff4 ,a f\nta9 seal$ 9 ?is mann] indicat$ t x 0 private prop]ty4 ,h5ce its metaphorical use1 to repres5t *a/ity z an inaccessible f\nta94 ,x is bett]1 ) ! ,sept41 ,syriac1 ,arabic1 ,*ald41 ,vulg41 upw>ds ( fifty ( ,k5nicott's ,,mss41 & _m mod]n comm5tators1 to read 1 in/ead ( 4 ,?is is confirm$ by ! int5sive phraseology ( ! %eph]d1 us$ 9 8 addresses1 :i* is produc$ by a repetition ( ! same words4 ,comp4 supra1 vv4 #h1 #i4 #ac4 ,?y %oots1 c4 ,hav+ comp>$ 8 lov$ "o to a g>d51 ! %eph]d is anxi\s to %[ t ! "o %e resembl$ is n ( an ord9>y "*4 ,x is an or*>d full ( ! mo/ co/ly trees1 & produc+ ! mo/ delici\s fruit4 1 well r5d]$ by ! ,sept4 3 & ,kim*i1 1 ?y %oots1 bran*es 7,g54 xlix4 #ba2 ,ps4 lxxx4 #ab7 is figuratively us$ = ! memb]s ( ! body1 & n = 8! *ildr5 :o %all spr+ f h]10 z ,hodgson supposes4 1 f\nd else:]e only ,eccl4 ii4 #e2 ,neh4 ii4 #h1 has be5 d]iv$ by "s f ! ,p]sian1 & by o!rs f ! ,sanscrit4 ,!re is no necessity1 h[ev]1 = seek+ its etymology 9 o!r languages4 ,! ,hebrews1 :o _h g>d5s at s e>ly a p]iod1 w\ld surely n borr[ names = !m f o!r nations4 1 accord+ to ! analogy ( ! quadrilit]al 1 is a comp\nd ( 1 to divide1 & 1 to sep>ate1 to enclose2 h5ce a protect$1 an enclos$ place1 a g>d54 ,?is is corroborat$ by ! fact t 1 a g>d51 is also d]iv$ f a root 771 :i* means to sep>ate1 to enclose4 ,comp>e also ! ,g]man & ,engli%1 ,grt51 g>d51 & ,saals*tz1 ,ar*ologie d] ,hebrer1 vol4 i4 p4 #aag4 ,& l _m o!r ,hebrew expressions1 ?is ^w 0 adopt$ 9 o!r languages4 1 pomegranate-trees3 ! ,hebrews frequ5tly use ! same expression to d5ote ! tree & its fruit1 see supra1 ii4 #c4 1 i4q4 1 preci\s fruits3 :5 a comp\nd idea is to be express$ 9 ! plural1 ! gov]n$ n\n only is (t5 put 9 ! plural =m2 e4g4 1 ance/ral h\ses1 ,numb4 i4 #b2 ,ges54 #ajh1 #c4 ,! preci\s fruits are ^? ( ! pomegranate-tree4 ,! words 1 are /ill g5itives to 4 ,= 1 & 1 see supra1 i4 #ab1 #ac4 #ad4 ,n>d & crocus1 c4 ,bo? ! anci5t v]sions & mod]n comm5tators g5]ally agree t by ! ^w 1 :i* occurs only "h1 ! well-kn[n saffron plant is meant4 ,calamus 71 re$1 also writt5 & 1 sweet calamus1 ,exod4 xxx4 #bc2 ,j]4 vi4 #bj1 1 ,calamus odoratus71 0 well kn[n & highly priz$ among ! anci5ts1 & 0 import$ to ,pale/9e f ,india 7,j]4 vi4 #bj2 xxvii4 #ai72 x 01 h[ev]1 also f\nd 9 ! valley ( ,m\nt ,lebanon1 7,polyb4 v4 #df2 ,/rabo1 xvi4 #d74 ,x has a re$-l /em1 ( a tawny col\r1 mu* jo9t$1 break+ into spl9t]s1 & its holl[ re$ fill$ ) pit*1 l ! web ( a spid]4 ,! be/1 :i*1 accord+ to ,pl9y 7,hi/4 ,nat4 xii4 #ab or #dh71 gr[s 9 ,arabia1 diffuses ar\nd a v agreeable od\r1 & is s(t to ! t\* 7see ,ros5mll]1 ,bib4 ,bot42 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v47 ,c9namon 71 1 ,laurus c9namomum71 indig5\s to ,ceylon 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & is call$ by ! natives ,k>onda-g\hah2 x is n[1 h[ev]1 also cultivat$ on ! ,malab> coa/1 9 ! isl&s ( ,sumatra & ,borneo1 9 ,*9a & ,co*9-,*9a4 ,! c9namon-tree1 :i* gr[s on ! coa/1 is g5]ally ab\t tw5ty or ?irty feet high1 & rea*es a /ill great] height 9 groves3 x is adorn$ ) num]\s b\ghs1 be>+ oval & laurel-l leaves1 ( a sc>let col\r :5 "y1 b *ang+ to bright gre51 & gr[+ to ! l5g? ( f f\r to six in*es :5 matur$1 & putt+ =? :iti% blossoms1 :i* rip5 into fruit1 resembl+ ^? ( ! junip]-tree 9 ,june3 ! fruit1 ?\gh possess+ nei!r ! smell nor ! ta/e ( ! c9namon1 :5 boil$ secretes an oil1 :i*1 aft] cool+1 becomes h>d1 :ite1 & fragrant4 ,! wood itself1 :i* is :ite1 inodor\s1 & s(t z fir1 is us$ = a v>iety ( purposes4 ,x is ! r9d :i*1 :5 peel$ (f & dri$ 9 ! sun1 yields ! mu*-valu$ c9namon4 7,see ,ros5mll]1 ,bibl4 ,bot42 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v47 ,aloe 71 4 ,john xix4 #ci4 1 1 arbor alois71 a tree :i* gr[s 9 ,india & ! ,moluccas1 ! wood ( :i* is highly aromatic4 ,! /em ( ?is tree is z ?ick z a man's ?igh2 ! top is adorn$ ) a bun* ( ?ick & ind5t$ leaves1 broad bel[1 & n>r[+ gradually t[>ds ! po9t1 & are ab\t f\r feet long3 its blossoms--:i* are r$1 int]mix$ ) yell[1 & d\ble l a p9k--yield ! pod1 produc+ a r$ & :ite fruit1 ab\t ! size ( a pea4 ,?is tree1 9 consequ5ce ( its s+ul>ly beautiful appe>ance & odorif]\s wood1 :i* is us$ z a p]fume1 is v gratify+ bo? to ! sight & smell1 & is held by ! ,indians 9 sacr$ v5]ation4 7,see ,ros5mll]1 ,bib4 ,bot42 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v47 1 head metaph41 *ief1 mo/ excell5t4 ,exod4 xxx4 #bc2 ,ps4 cxxxvii4 #f2 ,ezek4 xxvii4 #bb4 #ae4 ,) a g>d5-f\nta91 c4 ,to f9i% ! picture ( ?is *>m+ g>d51 ! %eph]d introduces into x f\nta9s1 /reams1 rills1 & cool+ breezes1 to r\se & waft ! balmy fragrance ?r\gh its delightful retreats4 ,! fact t ! ,%ulamite has be5 call$ a seal$ f\nta9 proves t ?is v]se is n descriptive ( h]4 ,= x w\ld be contradictory to call h] 9 "o v]se a seal$ f\nta91 & 9 ! o!r a /ream fl[+ f ,lebanon1 i4e4 an op5 /ream4 a f\nta9 ( g>d5s1 i4e4 a f\nta9 belong+ to g>d5s1 usually f\nd 9 g>d5s to irrigate !m4 1 a "p4 n\n plur41 d5ot+ fl[+ /reams4 ,! indicates ! place :5ce ^! /reams issue4 liv+ wat]1 i4e4 p]5nial2 wat]s1 gu%+ =? f f\nta9s1 or mov+ along1 appe> z if !y 7 liv+2 :il/ ^? 9 a /agnant condition seem dead4 ,g54 xxvi4 #ai2 ,j]4 ii4 #ac2 ,ze*4 xiv4 #h2 see also 1 ,rev4 vii4 #ag1 & flum5 vivum1 ,virg4 n4 ii4 #gai4 #af4 ,arise1 ,o nor? w9d6 ,^! are /ill ! words ( ! %eph]d1 :o1 to complete ! picture1 invokes ! g5tle breezes to p]flate ?is p>adise4 ,ra%bam1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,williams1 ,good1 ,ewald1 ,delitzs*1 ,philippson1 c41 take ?is clause to beg9 h] reply2 b ?is is incompatible ) ! figure4 ,%e h]self1 & n any?+ sep>ate1 has be5 describ$ z ?is *>m+ g>d54 ,%e c\ld1 !re=e1 n say 8bl[ ?r\gh ,,my g>d50 771 :i* w\ld imply t ?is g>d5 ( h]s 0 some?+ ap>t f h] p]son4 ,moreov]1 ! expression 1 8 g>d51 :i* %e uses1 %[s t 1 my g>d51 is spok5 by him4 ,s ,ra%i1 ,dpke1 ,magnus1 ,hitzig1 c4 ,t ! s\? & nor? w9ds are m]ely poetical designations = a gale g5]ally1 )\t any p>ticul> ref]5ce to ! peculi>ities ( ! w9d :5 bl[+ f ^! respective regions is evid5t f a comp>ison ( ,numb4 xi4 #ca ) ,ps4 lxxviii4 #bf4 ,?is does away ) ! conflict+ conjectures :i* h be5 haz>d$1 to acc\nt = ! invocation ( ! w9d f ^! opposite qu>t]s ( ! e>?4 & 1 prop4 ! nor? & s\!rn qu>t]s1 are poetically us$1 1 & 1 ! nor? & s\? w9d4 ,ps4 lxviii4 #bf4 1 spices1 "h _! od\rs4 ,let my belov$ come1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite1 cont9u+ ?is beautiful apo/rophe1 responds3 8,if my p]son really resembles su* a p>adise1 ?is g>d5 is y\rs2 y\rs are all its productions40 1 lit]ally ! fruit ( 8 delici\sness1 i4e4 8 delici\s fruit4 ,:5 a comp\nd idea is express$ by "o n\n foll[$ by ano!r 9 ! g5itive1 a suffix :i* ref]s to ?is :ole idea is sometimes app5d$ to ! second ( ! two n\ns4 ,comp4 1 8 silv] idols1 ,isa4 ii4 #bj2 ,ges54 #abi1 b2 ,ewald1 #bia1 b2 be+ ( a common g5d]1 ! suffix 9 may ei!r ref] to g>d51 or to belov$2 x is m 9 keep+ ) ! con/ruction to ref] x to ! belov$1 j z ! suffix 9 ref]s to him4 ,! fruit is ! belov$'s because ! g>d5 is 81 & !re=e he may enjoy x4 #a4 ,i am com+ into my g>d51 c4 ,! %eph]d1 z he embraces 8 belov$1 expresses 8 unb\nd$ delight 9 h] *>ms4 ,! p]fect =ms1 1 1 1 are us$ = ! pres5t1 ,ges54 #abf4 ,eat1 ,o fri5ds1 c4 ,"s sympa?iz+ c\rt ladies1 at a di/ance1 see+ ! mutual happ9ess ( ! lov]s1 urge !m to take _! fill ( delight4 ,! explanation ( ,ra%bam & o!rs1 t ?is address is to ! companions ( ! belov$ to p>take ( a fri5dly meal2 or1 z o!rs w h x1 t x is an invitation to ! m>riage fea/1 is aga9/ ! context4 ,! expression 1 eat ye1 mu/ be tak5 9 ! same s5se z 1 ,i eat2 & x w\ld be mo/ incongru\s to suppose t ! belov$1 :o enjoys ! *>ms ( 8 lov$ "o1 w\ld call on 8 fri5ds to d ! same4 ,dr4 ,g$des1 :o is foll[$ by ,dr4 ,good1 alt]s ! text into 1 ,eat1 ,o my fri5d6 dr9k1 yea1 dr9k abundantly1 ,o my belov$6 & puts x into ! m\? ( ! ,%ulamite2 ?us mak+ x an answ] to :at ! belov$ said 9 ! prec$+ clause4 ,b su* conjectural em5dations ought to be repudiat$4 ,x is mo/ 9 accordance ) ! context to take ^! words z an epiphonema ( "s sympa?iz+ c\rt ladies4 ,! p>allelism & ! acc5ts require u to take z a concrete1 synonym\s ) 1 fri5ds2 s ! ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,syr41 ,ra%bam1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%i1 ,m5delssohn1 c4 #b4 ,i 0 sleep+1 c4 ,! sympa?ies manife/$ by "s ( ! c\rt ladies = ! ,%ulamite1 at ! close ( ! la/ section1 enc\rage h] to relate to !m a dream :i* %e rec5tly _h4 ,! purpose ( ?is n>ration is ! description ( ! %eph]d to :i* x leads1 & :i* is necess>y to ! completion ( ! :ole drama4 1 l ! p>ticiple =m g5]ally1 may be us$ to express all ! relations ( "t4 ,comp4 1 = all 7 sleep+1 #a ,sam4 xxvi4 #ab2 #a ,k+s iii4 #bj4 ,ges54 #acd1 #a2 ,ewald1 #cjf d4 1 he>t1 "h ! seat ( ?\ght4 ,! ,hebrews reg>d$ ! he>t1 n only z ! seat ( ! passions1 b also ( ! intellectual faculties ( ! m9d4 ,! :ole clause is m]ely ano!r way ( say+ 1 ,g54 xli4 #ag4 ,! circumlocution is *os5 9 pref]5ce to 1 to indicate t ! p[]s "u :i* ! exhau/$ frame succumb$1 c\ld n keep h] m9d f dwell+ ^u ! object ( h] affections4 1 h>k2 vide supra1 ii4 #h4 is be/ tak5 ) ! ,sept41 ,syriac1 ,vulg41 & _m mod]n comm5tators1 z a sep>ate clause1 he is knock+4 ,! ,sept4 adds 1 at ! door1 aft] 1 he is knock+4 ,op5 to me1 c4 ,%e introduces him speak+4 ,to make 8 reque/ ! m urg5t1 he pleads t he _h be5 dr5*$ ) dew4 ,! dew falls s copi\sly 9 ! ,ea/1 dur+ c]ta9 mon?s1 t x saturates ! clo!s l ra94 ,see ,judges vi4 #ch2 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 i4 #abb2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v4 ,a simil> passage occurs 9 ,anacreon1 iii4 #aj1 :]e love is repres5t$ z /&+ at night beh9d ! door1 begg+ = admittance1 & plead+ ! same excuses4 1 1 1 4 8#8,fe> n1' said he1 ) pite\s d91 #8,pray ope ! door & let me 93 ,a poor un%elt]'d boy am ,i1 ,= help :o kn[s n :]e to fly3 ,lo/ 9 ! d>k1 & ) ! dews1 ,all cold & wet1 t midnight brews4'0 ,comp4 also ,prop]t4 i4 #af1 #bc2 ,ovid ,amor4 ii4 #ai1 #ba4 1 my p]fect "o1 is well expla9$ by ,ros5mll] by 1 !re is no fault 9 !e1 iv4 #g2 #b ,sam4 xiv4 #be4 #c4 ,i h put (f my tunic2 0 ! answ] %e gave 9 h] dream4 1 1 tunic1 is an inn] g>m5t1 commonly ( l951 desc5d+ to ! ankles1 :i* is tak5 (f :5 "o retires4 ,on ! co/ume ( ! ,hebrews1 see ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 ii4 #ai2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v42 ,saals*tz1 ,ar*ologie d] ,hebrer1 vol4 i4 c4 #b4 ,i h wa%$ my feet1 c4 ,9 ! ,ea/1 :]e p we> s&als1 :i* protect ! soles only1 or g b>efoot1 z 9 ! passage be=e u1 ! feet soon get dirty & p>*$2 x is !re=e ess5tial & refre%+ to wa% ! feet aft] mu* walk+ 7,g54 xviii4 #d2 xix4 #b71 or be=e retir+ to re/3 rememb]+ ?is1 we c appreciate ! hospitality %[n to travell]s 9 provid+ = ! wa%+ ( _! feet1 ,judges xix4 #ba4 ,on ! mascul9e suffix 9 1 ref]r+ to ! fem99e 1 see iv4 #i4 #d4 ,my belov$ )drew 8 h&1 c4 ,he>+ h] excuses = n gett+ up1 he at la/ grew we>y & ceas$ knock+1 :i* imm$iately caus$ h] uneas9ess4 ,! words are bett] translat$1 he s5t away 8 h& f ! hole )drew2 s ! ,sept4 & ,ra%bam1 1 he took 8 h& back f ! hole 9 ! door4 ,! expression 1 l 1 has n ! mod]n s5se ( b[els1 :i* is re/rict$ to ! l[] visc]a1 b d5otes1 l 9 ,greek1 ! upp] visc]a1 compris+ ! he>t1 lungs1 liv]1 c4 ,h5ce x is us$ = ! he>t alone z ! seat ( passion1 ,isa4 lxiii4 #ae2 ,j]4 xxxi4 #bj2 & = 1 s\l1 ,job xxx4 #bg2 ,ps4 xl4 #i4 1 to hum1 to make a noise1 :i* is frequ5tly us$ = ! ro>+ produc$ by ! waves ( ! tr\bl$ sea 7,isa4 li4 #ae2 ,ps4 xlvi4 #d2 ,j]4 v4 #bb71 is employ$ to d5ote ! motion ( an agitat$ he>t4 ,) upw>ds ( fifty ,,mss4 & sev]al editions we read 1 9 me1 in/ead ( 1 to him2 ! phrase ?us exactly corresponds to 1 ,ps4 xlii4 #f1 #ab4 #e4 ,my h&s dropp$ ) myrrh1 c4 ,al>m$ at 8 ceas+ to knock1 %e flew at once to op5 ! door1 & 9 try+ to unfa/5 x1 h] h&s came 9 contact ) ! liquid myrrh :i* h] belov$ _h p\r$ ^u ! bolts1 & :i* dropp$ f h] f+]s4 ,s ,immanuel1 ,lov]s1 9 anci5t times1 :il/ su+ = admission1 us$ to ornam5t ! door ) wrea?s1 & p]fume x ) aromatics4 ,?us ,lucretius1 iv4 #aaga1 ,at lacrimans exclusus amator lim9a spe ,floribus1 et s]tis op]it1 po/eisque sup]bos ,unguit am>ac9o1 et =ibus mis] oscula figit4 8,!n1 too1 ! wret*$ lov] (t abroad ,b>s %e1 :o at h] gate l\d weep+ /&s1 ,kiss+ ! walls t clasp h]2 ) p]fumes ,ba?+ ! spl5did portals1 & ar\nd ,scatt]+ ri* wrea?s & odorif]\s fl[]s40 ,comp4 also ,tibul4 i4 #b1 #ad4 ,s ,h]d]1 ,kleuk]1 ,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,ros5mll]1 ,philippson1 c42 ,ra%bam h[ev] is ( op9ion t ! liquid myrrh :i* di/ill$ f ! ,%ulamite's h&1 0 ! p]fume ) :i* %e _h ano9t$ h]self aft] wa%+4 ,:il/ ,p]cy supposes t 8%e got up 9 su* ha/e1 t %e spilt ^u h] h& ! vessel ( liquid myrrh1 :i* %e _h br\ght to ano9t & refre% 8 head1 aft] hav+ be5 expos$ to ! inclem5cies ( ! night40 1 liquid myrrh1 see i4 #b2 & n1 z ,le ,cl]c errone\sly supposes1 curr5t myrrh1 t k9d ( myrrh :i* is mo/ passable 9 traffic4 ,! ,vulg4 has1 ,et digiti mei pl5i myrrha probatissima1 evid5tly mi/ak+ ! prep4 = 1 & takes ! words ov] to ! foll[+ v]se1 ,pessulum o/ii mei ap]ui dilecto meo4 #f4 ,my belov$ _h )drawn1 c4 ,to h] great grief %e f\nd1 :5 op5+1 t h] belov$ _h gone4 ,! asyndeton is v expressive1 & ! use ( ! two synonym\s t]ms /r5g!ns ! s5se4 ,?is figure1 :i* is effect$ by ! omission ( ! conjunctive p>ticle1 is us$ 9 animat$ descriptions1 bo? by sacr$ & pr(ane writ]s4 ,comp4 1 1 ,m>k iv1 #ci4 ,w9]1 ,new ,te/am5t ,gram4 #ff1 #d4 ,! phrase 1 prop]ly d5ot+ ! dep>ture ( ! s\l f ! body1 7,ges54 xxxv4 #ah2 ,ps4 cxlvi4 #d17 l 1 is us$ to express ! mom5t>y loss ( ! s5ses1 i4e4 to fa9t4 1 9 8 speak+1 i4e4 :5 he _h spok5 ( x1 7,judg4 viii4 #c2 #a ,sam4 xvii4 #bh71 i4e4 ( 8 go+ away3 s ,ra%i1 1 8,because he said ,i w n n[ ent] ?y h\se1 = ?\ did/ at fir/ refuse to op5 me10 & ,immanuel1 4 8,my s\l dep>t$ :5 he told me1 ,n[ ,i am go+ away1 because ?\ w\ld/ n op5 me ! door40 ,we mu/ employ a f9ite v]b ) a conjunction to express 9 ,engli% ! ,hebrew con/ruction ( ! inf9itive ) a preposition1 & ! relation ( "t mu/ be ga!r$ f ! connection1 ,ges54 #acb1 #b1 #c4 #g4 ,! wat*m5 :o patrol ! city1 c4 ,t ! seek+ & call+ m5tion$ 9 ! la/ v]se 7 n conf9$ to ! door1 is evid5t f ?is v]se4 1 are aga9 an asyndeton4 1 :i* occurs only once m1 ,is4 iii4 #bc1 is a k9d ( veil-g>m5t1 :i* ,ori5tal ladies /ill we>1 & d5otes m prop]ly an out-door cloak4 ,see ,s*ro$]1 ,ve/it4 ,mul4 p4 #cfh2 ,ges54 on ,isa4 iii4 #bc2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v42 ,saals*tz1 ,ar*ologie d] ,hebrer1 vol4 i4 p4 #bh4 #h4 ,i adjure y1 c4 ,hav+ m5tion$ ! indiff]5ce ) :i* %e _h treat$ h] belov$1 ! ,%ulamite is anxi\s to impress ^u ! c\rt-ladies t ?is 0 9 a dream1 & t 9 reality1 s f> f h] affections be+ abat$1 %e 0 z dot+ly atta*$ to him z ev]2 & begs ( !m1 if !y %\ld see him1 to tell him s4 ,= ! mascul9e t]m9ation 9 & 1 see ii4 #g4 ,we mu/ supply 1 tell him1 aft] 1 :at w y tell him8 ,! omission is design$ly made1 to give animation to ! reque/4 ,! em5dation propos$ by ,h\bigant1 to read 1 in/ead ( 1 is gratuit\s1 l all 8 em5dations4 ,! ,sept4 adds 1 8by ! p[]s1 & by ! virtues ( ! field10 ! false r5d]+ ( 1 f ! prec$+ =mula ( adjuration4 #i4 ,:at is ?y belov$1 c4 ,! great solicitude manife/$ by ! ,%ulamite = h] belov$1 induces ! c\rt ladies to ask :at peculi> attractions !re 7 9 him m ?an 9 an ord9>y lov]1 to cause su* an unusual manife/ation ( feel+1 & ?us an opportunity is af=d$ h] to give a description ( him4 ,x is evid5t f ?is "q ( ! c\rt ladies t ,solomon is n ! belov$ ( :om ! ,%ulamite has be5 speak+ 9 ! prec$+ v]ses4 ,= surely ^! c\rt ladies knew ! aspect & "* ( ,solomon bett] ?an ! ,%ulamite4 ,?is is1 moreov]1 e/abli%$ beyond d\bt f *4 vi4 #b1 #c1 :]e ! damsel1 at ! end ( ! description1 design$ly /ates t ! object ( h] del9eation & atta*m5t1 is ! %eph]d4 ,! p>ticle 1 prefix$ to 1 ) :i* ! comp>ison is made1 expresses ! comp>ative1 ,ges54 #aia1 #a4 ,= 1 see i4 #h1 & = ! =m 1 ,ewald1 #bdi1 d4 #aj4 ,my belov$ is :ite1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite answ]s ?is "q by giv+ a v graphic description ( h] belov$4 ,! col\r ( 8 c\nt5ance & body is su* a beautiful m+l+ ( :ite & r$ z is seldom se51 & by :i* he is di/+ui%$ above ?\s&s4 ,a simil> description is f\nd 9 ,virg4 n4 xii4 #fe1 seq4 ,flagrantes p]fusa g5as3 cui plurimus ignem ,subjecit rubor1 et calefacta p] ora cucurrit4 ,indum sangu9eo veluti violav]it o/ro1 ,si quis ebur1 aut mixta rub5t ubi lilia mult ,alba ros2 tales virgo dabat ore colores4 8,at ?is a flood ( te>s ,lav9ia %$2 ,a crimson blu% h] beaute\s face o'erspread4 ,v>y+ h] *eeks by turns ) :ite & r$4 ,! driv+ col\rs1 nev] at a /ay1 ,run "h & !re1 & flu% & fade away4 ,delightful *ange6 ?us ,indian ivory %[s1 ,:i*1 ) ! bord]+ pa9t ( purple gl[s2 ,or lilies damask by ! neighb\r+ rose40 ,comp4 also ,ovid4 ,am4 ii42 ,eleg4 v4 #ci2 ,hor4 ,od4 i4 #ac1 v4 #b2 iv4 #aj2 v4 #d2 ,tibul4 ,eleg4 ,,iii1 #d2 vv4 #bi1 #cj4 1 bright1 :ite2 comp>e ,lam4 iv4 #g1 :]e x /&s 9 p>allelism ) 1 cle>2 f ! same passage we also see t ! pr$icates 1 :ite1 & 1 r$1 are n re/rict$ to ! c\nt5ance1 b ref] to all ! p>ts ( ! body :i* ! ,ori5tal co/ume left expos$1 to ! c>nation z x 7 ( ! picture4 d5om4 f 1 bann]2 prop4 to be furni%$ ) a bann]1 i4e4 8 s+ul> beauty r5d]s him z di/+ui%$ above multitudes1 j z a /&>d-be>] is m>k$ above all o!r soldi]s4 1 m1 above1 vide supra1 v]4 #i1 indef9itely = a l>ge numb]1 see ,ges54 xxiv4 #fj4 #aa4 ,8 head is z pure gold4 ,t is ( consummate excell5cy4 ,hav+ *>act]iz$ 8 :ole p]son z *>m+1 ! ,%ulamite describes ! beauty ( ! individual p>ts ( 8 body1 & beg9s ) 8 head4 ,gold is frequ5tly us$1 bo? 9 ,scripture & 9 pr(ane writ]s1 to d5ote consummate excell5cy & beauty4 ,?us ! illu/ri\s p]sonages are call$ gold & f9e gold 9 ,lam4 iv4 #a2 & ,!ocritus 7,idyl4 iii4 #bh47 calls ! beautiful ,hel5 gold54 ,! words are v>i\sly r5d]$4 ,! ,sept4 has 1 gold ( ,cephaz1 ,aquila & ,sym4 1 s ! ,syriac 1 a preci\s /one ( gold4 ,! ,*ald4 has 2 s ! ,vulg4 aurum optimum4 ,! ,rabb9s too v>y 9 _! explanations ( ^! words4 ,ibn ,ezra takes to be a diadem1 & 1 preci\s /ones4 ,ra%i indef9itely 1 *oice ?+s1 :i* k+s treasure up4 ,ra%bam expla9s by a heap ( gold1 & by 1 & says x is call$ 1 8because its col\r is l pe>l40 ,! majority ( mod]n comm5tators1 aft] ! ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,*ald41 take z a poetical expression = gold1 & d]ive x f 1 to hide1 to conceal2 l 1 gold 7,job4 xxviii4 #ae71 f 1 to %ut up1 to conceal1 because preci\s metals are g5]ally kept %ut up or conceal$4 ,?is mean+ & d]ivation ( ! ^w are support$ by ! fact t treasures & preci\s ?+s are g5]ally express$ 9 ,hebrew by words ^: roots signify to conceal2 comp4 1 a treasure 7#a ,k+s vii4 #ea2 xiv4 #bf71 f 1 to %ut up2 1 a treasure1 gold 7,isa4 liv4 #b2 ,prov4 ii4 #d71 f 1 to hide2 1 ri*es 7,job xx4 #bf71 f 1 to conceal4 ,z = 1 x is translat$ by "s purifi$1 pure1 f 1 to sep>ate1 to purify 7,ges5ius1 c472 & by o!rs solid1 massy1 f 1 to be /rong1 solid 7,ros5mll]1 c474 ,b nev] occurs z an adjective to 1 or to 7 1 #a ,k+s x4 #ah1 is a contraction ( 1 comp4 ,j]4 x4 #i72 ! ^w itself inv>iably means gold 7see ,job xxvii4 #ag2 ,ps4 xix4 #aa2 xxi4 #d2 cxix4 #bg2 ,prov4 viii4 #ai2 ,cant4 v4 #ae2 ,isa4 xiii4 #ab2 ,lam4 iv4 #b472 & accord+ly ought to be r5d]$ s "h3 8?y head is z gold1 gold40 ,z ?is1 h[ev]1 w\ld produce tautology1 x is !re=e be/ to take z a contraction ( 7a v>iation ( 2 see ,ges5ius1 s4v42 ,h5d]son on ,j]4 x4 #i1 & ,/u>t on ,dan4 x4 #e71 ) :i* ?is ^w goes toge!r1 #a ,k+s x4 #ah2 ,j]4 x4 #i2 ,dan4 x4 #e4 ,z 1 is reg>d$ z ! be/ gold2 h5ce ! r5d]+ ( ! ,vulg4 aurum optimum1 & ,*ald4 4 ,black z ! rav51 i4e4 ( ! pure/ & mo/ jet black1 s highly e/eem$ by ! ,ori5tals z well z by ! classical writ]s4 ,?us ,hafiz1 z quot$ by ,dr4 ,good3-- 8,?y face is bright] ?an ! *eek ( day4 ,black] ?y locks ?an midnight's deepe/ sway40 ,& ,ossian1 ,f+al1 #b3 8,h] hair 0 ! w+ ( ! rav540 ,comp4 also ,anac4 xxix42 ,ovid4 ,am4 ,el4 xiv4 #i4 1 is r5d]$ by ! ,sept4 1 ! "y leaves ( ! palm2 s ! ,vulg4 sicut elat palm>um2 simil>ly ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 c41 p5dul\s bran*es ( ! palm2 b ?is signification does n lie 9 ! root 1 :i* simply means wav+1 hang+1 or fl[+ d[n2 h5ce 7accord+ to ! analogy ( & 1 comp4 ,ewald1 #aeh1 b7 fl[+ curls1 locks4 #ab4 ,8 eyes1 l doves1 c4 ,! vivid & black pupils ( 8 eyes1 sp>kl+ =? f ! encircl+ lactean :ite1 9 :i* !y are1 z x 71 ba?+ & sitt+ on ! f\nta9 ( te>s1 resemble doves ba?+ gaily 9 pellucid /reams4 ,! doves !mselves1 & n _! eyes1 are ! po9t ( comp>ison 7vide supra1 i4 #ae1 & iv4 #a47 ,doves are v fond ( ba?+1 & h5ce *oose = _! abode regions ab\nd+ ) /reams 7,bo*4 ,hi]oz4 ii4 #a1 c4 #b47 ,! deep blue or grey dove1 reflect+ ! lu/r\s d>k hue ab\t its neck :5 ba?+ 9 ! limpid brook1 sugge/$ ?is beautiful simile4 ,a simil> figure occurs 9 ! ,gitagov9da3 8,! glances ( h] eyes play$ l a pair ( wat]-birds ( azure plumage1 t sport ne> a full-bl[n lotos 9 a pool 9 ! season ( dew40 ,! words 1 ba?+ 9 milk1 ref]r+ to ! eyes1 are descriptive ( ! milky :ite 9 :i* ! black pupils ( ! eyes are1 z x 71 ba?+4 1 on ! fulness1 also ref]r+ to ! eyes1 correspond to ! 1 by ! brooks ( wat]1 :i* are pr$icat$ ( ! doves4 ,hodgson's r5d]+ ( 1 by 8& dwell among ! ripe corn10 is absurd4 #ac4 ,8 *eeks are l b$s ( balsam1 c4 ,8 r\nd *eeks ) ! pullulat+ be>d1 resemble b$s gr[+ aromatic plants4 ,! ,sept41 ,arabic1 ?41 ,*ald41 read 1 ! "p4 ,piel1 in/ead ( 1 :i* _m mod]n comm5tators foll[1 b )\t ,,ms4 au?ority4 ,! lily "h ref]r$ to is mo/ probably ! cr[n imp]ial1 ( a deep r$ col\r1 ^: leaves conta9 an aque\s humidity1 :i* ga!rs itself 9 ! =m ( pe>ls1 especially at noon1 & di/ils cle> & pellucid drops2 see ,ros5mll]1 ,al!r1 iv4 #ach2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no necessity = ref]r+ ! words 8di/ill+ liquid myrrh10 to ! lilies4 ,inde$1 x seems to be m consonant ) ! context1 to take !m z pr$icat$ ( ! lips1 express+ ! sweetness ( 8 conv]sation4 ,comp4 iv4 #aa4 #ad4 ,8 h&s are l1 c4 ,8 r\nd$ arms & f+]s tipp$ ) well-%ap$ nails1 z if inlaid ) preci\s /ones1 resemble gold5 cyl9d]s3 & 8 :ite & smoo? body1 cov]$ ) a delicate blue ve/1 resembles poli%$ ivory4 7f 1 to roll71 a roll]1 a cyl9d]4 ,kleuk]1 ,ges5ius1 ,dpke1 c41 translate 1 gold1 & 1 a /one71 is ( a yell[ or gold col\r1 & pellucid4 ,be+ ( a glass lu/re1 ! *rysolite is beautifully *os5 to repres5t ! nails4 ,! words ref] to 4 ,! expression 1 prop4 ! int]nal p>ts ( ! human frame 7v4 #d71 is "h us$ = ! ext]nal ! body2 s ,dan4 ii4 #cb4 is tak5 by mo/ mod]n comm5tators to d5ote some?+ fabricat$1 or wr\ght2 an artificial "w2 ?us d$uc+ ?is s5se f ! second>y mean+ ( 1 :i* ! ,syriac 71 "w17 seems to fav\r2 b ?is is incompatible ) ! description "h giv5 ( ! belov$4 ,! ,%ulamite1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ?is del9eation1 depicts ! spl5d\r & col\r ( ! body z !y dazzle ! eye1 b makes no ref]5ce to ! wondr\s con/ruction ( ! frame1 :i* c\ld h be5 disc]n$ only by ! ex]cise ( ! intellect4 ,x is !re=e bett]1 ) ,ibn ,ezra1 ,kim*i1 ,ra%i1 ,ra%bam1 ,lu!r1 ,au?4 ,v]sion1 ,m5delssohn1 ,kleuk]1 ,williams1 ,good1 ,h5g/5b]g1 c4 to take 1 f 1 9 its prim>y mean+1 to %9e1 to be bright1 9 ! s5se ( brightness1 poli%2 comp4 ,j]4 v4 #bh4 ,cov]$ ) sapphires4 ,^! words ref] to 8 body1 & describe ! purple tunic cov]+ ! sn[y :ite sk94 ,good1 ,mei]1 c4 take x to describe ! blue ve9s :i* 7 se5 ?r\gh 8 cle> sn[y sk91 l a sapphire /one ?r\gh a ?9 transp>5t plate ( ivory4 ,b ?is is aga9/ ! mean+ ( 1 :i* signifies cov]$1 & n inlaid2 ! ext]nal cov]+1 & n ! int]nal se5 ?r\gh ! out] cov]4 ,comm5tators are n agre$ :e!r t :i* we call ! g5u9e sapphire1 a transp>5t /one ( a beautiful sky-blue col\r1 9 h>dness & value next to ! diamond1 is meant by 2 or ! sapphire ( ! anci5ts1 :i*1 accord+ to ,pl9y1 7,hi/4 ,nat4 xxxvii4 #ci2 ,!ophra/4 ,de ,lapid4 #bca17 is a /one ( a pure blue col\r1 & has frequ5tly pebble spots ( a gold5 yell[ hue1 :i* 7 =m]ly ?\ght to be really gold1 & is evid5tly our lapis lazuli1 lazure-/one4 ,z ! latt] does nei!r suit ,job xxviii4 #f1 = ! lazure-/one is n v preci\s2 nor ,exod4 xxviii4 #ah1 s9ce x is too s(t to be> engrav+1 x is m probable t ! real sapphire is meant by 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,?is /one is (t5 f\nd 9 collections ( anci5t gems2 see ,ros5mll]1 ,bib4 ,bot4 & ,m9]42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v4 ,! ,syriac1 :i* translates by 1 ^u ! sapphire brea?+1 mu/ h _h ano!r read+4 #ae4 ,8 legs are l pill>s ( m>ble1 c4 ,8 :ite legs1 /&+ ^u beautiful feet1 resemble ! pure/ m>ble columns bas$ ^u gold5 p$e/als4 1 z ,kim*i well expla9s x1 1 is t "p ( ! limb f ! knee to ! foot4 ,t ref]s to 8 feet 7,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 ,kleuk]1 ,mei]1 ,hitzig1 c471 & n to 8 s&als 7,good1 ,williams1 c471 is evid5t f v]4 #aa & #ad1 :]e ! head & ! h&s1 ! visible p>ts ( ! body1 are describ$ z gold52 & x is b natural t ! feet1 ! only rema9+ expos$ p>ts1 %\ld also be describ$ z gold54 ,8 aspect is l t ( ,lebanon4 ,hav+ depict$ ! s+le p>ts ( 8 body1 ! ,%ulamite n[ jo9s !m toge!r1 & pres5ts !m 9 "o :ole1 ! appe>ance ( :i* impresses ! m9d ) a s5se ( beauty & maje/y1 l t ( ,lebanon4 8,t goodly m\nta91 ev5 ,lebanon0 7,deut4 iii4 #be71 be+ s luxuriant 9 its vegetation & ri* 9 sc5]y1 appe>$ v beautiful & maje/ic at a di/ance4 8,lebanon is a noble range ( m\nta9s1 well wor?y ( ! fame x has s long ma9ta9$4 ,x is cultivat$ 9 a wond]ful mann]1 by ! help ( t]races1 & is /ill v f]tile4 ,we saw on "s ( its em95ces1 m ?an #b1jjj feet high1 villages & luxuriant vegetation2 & on "s ( its peaks1 #f1jjj feet high1 we c\ld disc]n tall p9es aga9/ ! cle> sky beyond4 ,at fir/ ! cl\ds 7 on ! l(ty summit ( ! range1 b !y cle>$ away1 & we saw ,tann91 :i* is g5]ally reg>d$ z ! highe/ peak ( ,lebanon4 ,!re is a deep rav9e t seems to run up ! :ole way1 & ,tann9 rises to ! height ( #aj1jjj feet4 ,! rays ( ! sett+ sun gave a spl5did t9t to ! l(ty br[ ( ! m\nta940--,mission ( ,inquiry to ! ,jews1 p4 #bdj1 c42 comp4 also ,isa4 xxxv4 #b2 ,ros5mll]1 ,alt]?4 i4 #b4 p4 #bci2 ,volney1 ,travels1 i4 #bic4 ,he is di/+ui%$ z ! c$>s1 i4e41 9 8 /ature4 ,! l(ty c$>1 t[]+ above all o!r trees1 is easily di/+ui%$ f ! re/ 7,ezek4 xxxi4 #c-af2 ,amos ii4 #i74 ,a simil> comp>ison occurs 9 ,!ocritus1 xviii4 #cj1 z quot$ above1 i4 #i4 ,! ,*ald41 ,ewald1 ,magnus1 ,philippson1 c41 take = "y man1 y\?2 comp4 ,ru? iii4 #aj2 ,isa4 lxii4 #e1 8,a "y man l ! c$>s20 b ! po9t ( comp>ison is lo/ 9 ?is case4 ,besides1 we %\ld !n expect ! s+4 1 & n ! plur4 4 ,moreov]1 #b ,k+s xix4 #bc1 & ,j]4 xxii4 #g1 :]e ! same phrase is us$1 is aga9/ x4 #af4 ,8 voice is exquisitely sweet1 c4 ,! memb]s1 aft] be+ analys$ sep>ately1 h be5 view$ z a :ole2 b ! beautiful p]son ?us describ$ is inanimate1 l ! spl5did m>ble columns or ! l(ty c$>s1 to :i* %e _h comp>$ him4 ,9 ?is v]se ! ,%ulamite repres5ts ! *>ms ( 8 spee*2 & ?us affirms 8 :ole p]son1 bodily & m5tally1 z mo/ lovely4 8,su*10 %e triumphantly exclaims1 8is my fri5d2 & n[1 ye daught]s ( ,j]usalem1 judge = y\rselves :]e9 my belov$ is m ?an ano!r belov$40 1 prop4 palate1 is us$ = ! organ ( spee*1 & spee* itself1 ,job vi4 #cj2 xxxi4 #aj2 ,prov4 v4 #c4 ,t "h does n mean any "p ( ! body1 is evid5t f ! context2 = x w\ld be prepo/]\s to recur to ! palate or m\? aft] ! :ole p]son _h be5 describ$4 & are ab/racts 7see i4 #b71 adjectively us$ 7,ges54 #ajf1 #a1 ,rem4 #a71 to give int5sity to ! idea2 comp4 ,g54 i4 #b4 1 8 :ole p]son1 bodily & m5tally4 #a4 ,:i!r is ?y belov$ gone1 c48 ,! c\rt ladies1 mov$ by ?is *>m+ description1 inquire ( ! ,%ulamite :at direction he took1 & (f] to seek him4 ,! ^w is omitt$ aft] 1 = ! sake ( brevity & pa?os4 ,= ! sup]lative =ce ( 1 vide supra1 i4 #h4 #b1 #c4 ,my belov$ is gone d[n into 8 g>d51 c4 ,! ,%ulamite1 kn[+ t ! c\rt ladies are anxi\s to induce h] to transf] h] affections to ! k+1 replies 9 a vague mann]1 t he is gone to 8 g>d51 he is n lo/1 nor has h] affection to him abat$1 ?\gh !y are n[ sep>at$1 nor does %e fe> t 8 love = h] is dim9i%$4 ,?is inconte/ably proves t ! object ( ! damsel's affection1 ( :om %e gave a description 9 ! prec$+1 is n ! k+1 b1 z %e h]self tells u "h mo/ unequivocally1 a %eph]d4 ,= v]4 #c1 comp4 *ap4 ii4 #af4 #d4 ,graceful art ?\1 ,o my love1 c4 ,j z be=e 7i4 #i71 ,solomon made 8 appe>ance z soon z ! ,%ulamite inquir$ aft] h] belov$1 s "h he comes =w>d aga9 :5 %e speaks ( h] abs5t lov]2 ?us endeav\r+ to %[ 8 own atta*m5t to h]4 ,he addresses h]1 z be=e1 9 ! mo/ flatt]+ t]ms3 8,?\ art z graceful z ! delectable ,tirzah1 z *>m+ z ! delightful ,j]usalem1 z /rik+ & conqu]+ z an impos+ army 9 full battle array40 ,tirzah 0 ! royal resid5ce ( ! k+s ( ,israel aft] ! revolt ( ,rehoboam1 & reta9$ t di/9ction till ! "t ( ,omri1 :o built ,sam>ia 7#a ,k+s x4 #ae-ba2 xvi4 #ad2 #b ,k+s xv4 #d74 ,x 0 a city ( fasc9at+ appe>ance1 z its "n1 1 delightful1 indicates2 & h5ce yield$ a v flatt]+ comp>ison4 ,! ,sept4 takes z an appellative1 2 s ,aquila1 ' 1 ,sym4 1 ,syriac1 ,! ,*ald4 p>aphrases x 1 9 ! "t ( ?y will+ness1 & ,ra%i incl9es to x2 ! ,vulg4 has suavis et decora4 ,b !re c be no d\bt1 z ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 & all mod]n comm5tators take x1 t x is a prop] "n1 ,tirzah1 ! capital ( ,j]oboam's k+dom4 ,x may be t ! anci5t v]sions resort$ to ! exp$i5cy ( tak+ z an appellative1 because !y wi%$ to avoid ! contra/ ( ! two capitals1 s9ce ?is w\ld speak aga9/ ,solomon be+ ! au?or ( ?is book4 ,j]usalem1 8! p]fection ( beauty0 7,lam4 ii4 #ae71 af=d$ ano!r excell5t figure4 ,awe-inspir+ z bann]$ ho/s6 ,! fasc9at+ p[] ( a woman is frequ5tly comp>$ to ! pr[ess ( an arm$ ho/4 ,comp4 ,prov4 vii4 #bf4 1 :i* occurs once m 9 connexion ) 1 ,hab4 i4 #g1 means awful1 awe-inspir+1 impos+4 1 ,niph4 "p4 prop4 bann]$1 p furni%$1 or array$ ) bann]s1 h5ce armies1 ho/s4 ,! fem99e is "h us$ to express a collective idea2 comp4 1 c>avans1 ,isa4 xxi4 #ac2 ,ges54 #ajg1 #c d2 ,ewald1 #agi c4 #e4 ,turn away ?9e eyes f me1 c4 ,^! awe-inspir+ ho/s are describ$ z conc5trat$ 9 h] eyes1 :i* ,solomon implores ! ,%ulamite to remove f him4 8,! artill]y ( ! eyes10 says ,dr4 ,good1 9 loco1 8is an idea common to poets ( e nation40 ,?us ,anacreon1 xvi4 1 ' ' 4 1 1 1 ' 4 8,s+ ?\ ( ,!bes--let o!rs tell ,h[ ,troy's f\ndations rose & fell2 ,my numb]s %all alone repeat ,my own r5c\nt]s & defeat4 ,me fleets & armies ne'er appal-- ',tis to a diff]5t ho/ ,i fall3 ,a ho/ )9 ?9e eyes1 my fair1 ,t lurk & ply _! arr[s !re40 ,comp4 also ,ode ii4 1 9 ,kal1 to tremble 7,isa4 lx4 #e71 & ,hiphil1 to cause to tremble or fe>1 to fright51 to awe4 ,simil>ly ! ,sept4 4 ,vulg4 me avol>e fec]unt1 8!y make me flee = fe>20 & ! ,syriac 1 !y make me fe>4 ,! explanation ( ,ibn ,ezra1 1 :i* is foll[$ by ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 _c be d$uc$ f ! root2 nor does x suit ! context4 ,equally unt5able is ! explanation 1 ,ra%i & ,ra%bam4 ,= 1 mas1 ) 1 fem4 see supra1 iv4 #i4 #f1 #g4 ,?y tee? are l a flock ( %eep1 c4 ,= ! int]pretation ( ! second half ( v]4 #e & v]s4 #f1 #g1 see iv4 #a-c1 :]e ! same description is giv51 ) ! exception t !re is us$ = %eep1 & "h 1 & t ! fir/ half ( v]4 #c is "h omitt$ 9 ! ,hebrew1 :i* is "h giv5 by ! ,sept4 ,we _c refra9 f quot+ ! beautiful explanation ( ^! figures f ! manuscript comm5t>y ( ,immanuel3 1 1 4 ,! ,septuag9t adds aft] 1 & n "o among !m is b]eav$1 9 v]4 #f2 1 1 l a braid ( sc>let are ?y lips1 & ?y m\? is lovely1 f *ap iv4 #c4 #h1 #i4 ,i h ?reescore que5s1 c4 ,! flatt]y & praise "h exce$ all t h be5 previ\sly (f]$4 ,solomon prote/s t1 ?\gh he is surr\nd$ by a num]\s ret9ue ( wom5 ( all ranks1 ! ,%ulamite is ! sole possessor ( 8 he>t3 %e :o is ! be/ belov$ ( h] "m1 & ^: consummate beauty has elicit$ ! highe/ praises f ! que5s1 concub9es & maid5s4 ,! discrepancy betwe5 ! numb] ( ,solomon's wives & concub9es "h /at$1 & t describ$ 9 #a ,k+s xi4 #c1 maybe reconcil$ by tak+ 1 & = indef9ite & l>ge numb]s3 _m1 v _m1 )\t numb]3 s ,kleuk]1 ,ros5mll]1 ,magnus1 c4 8,we mu/ supply 1 to me1 aft] 1 !re4 ,= 1 mas1 in/ead ( 1 fem41 see ii4 #g4 ,! pron\n 1 %e1 is ! subject 9 all ! ?ree clauses1 & 9 ! fir/ & second clause1 & 9 ! ?ird are pr$icates4 ,we mu/ supply aft] 1 %e is my only "o2 j z 4 ,! ^w is us$ = ! only "o ( its k9d 7,job xxiii4 #ac2 ,ezek4 ii4 #fd2 vii4 #e71 fav\rite2 comp4 1 #b ,sam4 vii4 #bc4 #aj4 ,:o is %e t looks =?1 c4 ,t ,solomon quotes "h ! eulogy m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se1 :i* ! c\rt ladies pron\nc$ ^u ! sup]lative beauty ( ! ,%ulamite :5 !y fir/ beheld h]1 has long be5 recognis$ by ! ,rabb9s1 & is n[ admitt$ by mo/ int]pret]s4 ,?is is1 moreov]1 confirm$ by ,prov4 xxxi4 #bh1 :]e ! same words1 & 1 are us$1 & ! foll[+ v]se conta9s ! eulogy :i* ! husb& utt]s4 ,! ris+ morn+1 ) its r$ light look+ d[n f heav5 ov] ! m\nta9s 7,joel ii4 #b72 ! beautiful & placid complexion ( ! moon1 & ! refulg5t & respl5d5t appe>ance ( ! sun1 h (t5 af=d$1 bo? to ! ,ori5tal & to ! ,greek & ,lat9 writ]s1 exquisite similes = beauty & gr&eur4 ,?us ,sira* 7l4 #e1 #f71 describ+ ! ,high ,prie/1 says3-- 8,h[ spl5did he 0 9 8 int]view ) ! p4 ,9 8 com+ out f ! h\se ( ! veil6 ,z ! morn+ /> amid ! cl\ds1 ,z ! moon :5 full 9 h] days1 ,z ! sun :5 beam+ ^u ! temple ( ! ,mo/ ,high40 ,comp4 also ,rev4 i4 #af2 ,!ocritus' description ( ,hel51 xviii4 #bf-bh2 ,lane's ,arabian ,nights1 i4 #bi4 & are poetical epi!ts = ! sun & moon1 ,isa4 xxiv4 #bc4 #aa1 #ab4 ,i w5t d[n into ! nut-g>d51 c4 ,z ,solomon _h ref]r$1 9 utt]+ 8 encomium1 to h] fir/ com+ )9 sight ( ! c\rt ladies1 ! ,%ulamite "h in/antly int]rupts ! k+1 9 ord] to expla9 h[ t came to pass4 8,i did n g to meet ! k+1 to exhibit myself & be admir$ by him or 8 royal ret9ue2 ,i m]ely w5t into ! g>d5 ) ! int5tion ( see+ :e!r !re 7 any h]bs to take home = use1 & :e!r ! fruit promis$ well2 & ?is 77 int5tion ( m9e br\ght me unaw>es ne> ! mon>* & 8 cortge40 ,?\gh 1 nut-tree1 7s ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,*ald417 nut occurs n[h]e else 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 yet its mean+ is e/abli%$ f ! cognate languages1 & its frequ5t usage 9 ! ,talmud & latt] ,hebrew writ]s1 1 to look among 7,g54 xxxiv471 ) ! int5tion ( *oos+ t :i* pleases1 ,g54 vi4 #b4 1 ! gre5 or vegetables gr[+ by ! riv] side2 s ! ,sept4 1 & ,ra%bam1 4 ,! ,sept4 has "h 1 f *ap4 vii4 #ad1 :i* ! ,arabic1 ?iopic1 & sev]al mod]n comm5tators wrongly foll[1 z x has no ,,ms4 au?ority1 & has evid5tly aris5 f a misund]/&+ ( ?is passage4 #ab4 ,unwitt+ly1 c4 ,?is v]se has caus$ mu* p]plexity to int]pret]s4 ,! anci5t v]sions1 f9d+ ! s5se obscure1 h alt]$ almo/ e ^w1 & h5ce increas$ ! difficulty4 ,?us ! ,sept4 has 1 :i* ,lu!r foll[s3 8,me9e ,seele wus/e es ni*t1 dass er mi* zum ,wag5 ,am9adib gezetzt hatte30 ,!y take z ! subject1 alt] 1 ! fir/ p]son com41 into 1 ! ?ird fem41 to agree ) 1 a fem4 n\n1 1 ! ?ird fem41 into 1 ! ?ird masc4 ref]r+ x to ,solomon1 & reg>d z a prop] "n4 ,! ,vulg4 has ,nescivi1 anima mea conturbavit me propt] quadrigas ,am9adab2 alt]+ 1 ! ,kal ( 1 to put1 to place1 into ! ,hiphil ( 1 to be a/oni%$1 into 1 ! plural ( 1 ) ! preposition 1 & tak+ z a prop] "n4 ,pass+ ov] ^! textual alt]ations1 & ! em5dations propos$ by mod]n comm5tators1 z unau?oriz$1 we %all fir/ exam9e ! words z !y are 9 ! text1 & !n ! mo/ plausible int]pretations d$ucible !refrom4 are rightly tak5 by mo/1 ?\gh diff]+ 9 _! op9ion z to ! r5d]+ ( ! rema9d] ( ! v]se1 z adv]bial1 9 ! s5se ( sudd5ly1 unwitt+ly1 & z subord9ate to 1 my s\l has unwitt+ly put me1 or plac$ me2 comp4 ,job v4 #i2 ,isa4 xlvii4 #aa2 ,j]4 l4 #bd4 ,! v]b 1 to put1 to place1 may be con/ru$ ) two accusatives1 "o ( ! p]son1 & ! o!r ( ! ?+2 & may be tak5 z ! second accusative 7comp4 ,ps4 xxxix4 #i2 #a ,sam4 viii4 #a2 ,mi*4 i4 #g71 or may be tak5 z a designation ( place aft] 1 a v]b ( motion2 comp4 ,isa4 xl4 #bf4 1 a *>iot1 us$ = w>like purposes1 or = /ate or pleasure1 ,g54 xlvi4 #bi2 ,exod4 xv4 #d2 #b ,sam4 xv4 #a4 ,! expression may ei!r mean popul>es mei--7! ,hebrews hav+ no sep>ate ^w = 8c\ntryman10 use ?is expression to d5ote "o ( _! own p 7,ges54 xxiii4 #aa2 ,lam4 ii4 #aa71 & may be an adjective = 1 z ! article is sometimes omitt$ ?r\gh foll[+ a n\n ) suffix7--or may "h be us$1 l 1 = companions1 att5dants1 foll[]s1 7,eccl4 iv4 #af17 ! 9 n be+ a suffix1 b p>agogic1 & a m>k ( ! con/4 /ate 7,deut4 xxxiii4 #af2 ,lam4 i4 #a71 & 1 a n\n 9 ! g5itive ( ! k+ or pr9ce4 ,z to h[ mu* /ress !re is to be laid on ! ,sept41 :i* takes z a prop] "n1 & is foll[$ by ! ,arabic1 ?iop41 ,vulg41 & :i* also produc$ "s v>iations 9 ! or?ography ( ^! words1 we ne$ only ref] to vii4 #b1 :]e ! same v]sion r5d]s by 4 ,! v]se1 !re=e1 may ei!r be translat$3 8,my s\l has unwitt+ly made me ! *>iots ( my noble c\ntrym510 or1 8,my s\l has unwitt+ly plac$ at1 or br\ght me to ! *>iots ( my noble p1 or to ! *>iots ( ! companions ( ! pr9ce40 ,n[ aga9/ ! fir/ r5d]+ we urge1 9 ! fir/ place1 t if ! *>iots be tak5 9 ! accusative1 & h5ce 9 a figurative s5se1 we are unavoidably l$ into a bewild]+ maze ( conjectural & fanciful op9ions4 ,! foll[+ may s]ve z a specim54 ,ra%i takes ! *>iots to be a sign ( ignom9y4 1 8,my s\l has made me to be *>iots = =eign pr9ces to ride ^u02 i4e4 ,i h will+ly br\ght ^u me a =eign yoke4 ,ibn ,ezra takes ! *>iots z a figure = swiftness1 1 8,i did n "k t ,i 0 hurry+ on to !e ) ! rapidity ( ! *>iots ( ! great pr9ce :o is among my p20 :i* ! ,syriac1 1 ?\gh %>+ some:at 9 ! errors ( ! ,sept4 & ,vulg41 seems to fav\r4 ,h]d] takes ! *>iots z a symbol ( m>tial p[]1 gu>d1 & protection 7,ps4 xx4 #h2 #b ,k+s ii4 #aa1 #ab74 ,h5g/5b]g affirms t ! *>iots signify *ampion1 gu>d1 def5ce4 ,& secondly1 ?is translation int]rupts ! connexion ( ?is v]se ) ! prec$+ "o4 ,n[ ! second r5d]+ avoids all ?is4 ,solomon has repeat$ 9 v]se #aj ! praise :i* ! c\rt ladies _h pron\nc$ on ! ,%ulamite :5 !y fir/ saw h]2 ! ,%ulamite 79 v]4 #aa1 #ab71 9 reply1 expla9s h[ %e came to ! c>riages ( ! c\rt ladies4 #a4 ,return1 return1 c4 ,"h we see h[ little all ! p]suasions1 promises1 & eulogies ( ! k+ & c\rti]s affect$ ! s9c]e & deeply root$ affections ( ! ,%ulamite = h] belov$ %eph]d4 ,no soon] _h %e expla9$ 7z %e incid5tally in=ms u7 h[ %e came to be notic$ & tak5 up by ! k+1 ?an %e actually />t$ (f4 ,b ! k+ entreat$ h] to return1 t he might look at h] once m4 ,! ,%ulamite1 paus+ a little1 turns r\nd & mode/ly asks3 ,:at w y behold 9 ! ,%ulamite8 ,t is1 :at c ye see 9 a humble ru/ic girl8 1 z is evid5t f ! article1 is a g5tile n\n1 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 7#a ,k+s i4 #c2 #b ,k+s iv4 #ab1 #be47 ,ewald1 #aef c3 & a female inhabitant ( ,%ulem1 i4q4 ,%unem4 ,%ulem /ill exi/s z a village1 n[ call$ ,slam1 ab\t ?ree miles & a half nor? ( ,z]n1 7,jezreel71 & lies on ! declivity1 at ! we/]n end ( ! m\nta9 ( ,duhy1 ! s-call$ ,little ,h]mon4 8,!re is little room = d\bt t x is ! anci5t ,%unem ( ! tribe ( ,issa*>1 :]e ! ,phili/9es encamp$ be=e ,saul's la/ battle1 7,jo%4 xix4 #ah2 #a ,sam4 xxviii4 #d47 ,f ! same place1 app>5tly1 ,abi%ag ! ,%unammite 0 br\ght to ! ag$ ,david2 & "h x 0 probably t ,eli%a (t5 lodg$ 9 ! h\se ( ! ,%unammite woman1 & aft]w>ds rais$ h] son f ! dead 7#a ,k+s i4 #c2 #b ,k+s iv4 #h-cg2 viii4 #a-f74 ,eusebius & ,j]ome describe x 9 _! day z a village ly+ five ,roman miles f ,m\nt ,tabor1 t[>ds ! s\!rn qu>t]1 & !y write ! "n already ,sulem40 ,rob9son1 ,pale/9e1 iii4 #afi1 c4 ,! transition ( into is ( frequ5t occurr5ce2 comp4 & 1 to burn4 7,ges54 ,lexicon1 a2 ,ewald1 #aef1 c47 is n ! fem99e ( ! "n 1 :i* w\ld be 2 comp4 ,lev4 xxiv4 #aa2 #a ,*ron4 iii4 #ai2 ,ewald1 #bgd1 f4 ,l a dance to d\ble *oirs1 replies ! k+1 i4e4 8to see !e is l gaz+ at ! *>m+ view ( a fe/ive *oir express+ _! m]rim5t 9 a sacr$ dance4 ,! ,hebrews1 9 common ) o!r nations 7,/rabo1 #aj71 us$ sacr$ danc+1 accompani$ by vocal & in/rum5tal music1 z expressive ( joy & rejoic+ 7,exod4 xv4 #bj2 #b ,sam4 vi4 #ae2 ,ps4 cxlix4 #c74 ,a sight ( su* an assemblage ( v>i\s beauties1 all swell+ _! voices into "o song ( joy1 & bl5d+ _! sev]al =ms 9 "o *oral dance ( joy1 mu/ h af=d$ a delightful picture4 ,no wond] t su* a sc5e is describ$ by ,hom] 7,iliad1 xviii4 #eij17 z portray$ on ! fam\s %ield ( ,a*illes1 & t 8,on ei!r side spectators num]\s /ood1 ,delight$40 ,to ?is *>m+ sc5e1 !re=e1 does ! captivat$ mon>* comp>e ! view ( ! ,%ulamite4 1 f 1 to turn r\nd1 a dance1 ! joy\s danc+ on a fe/ive occasion4 1 prop4 a camp1 also a multitude1 a b& ( p1 ,g54 l4 #i4 is ! regul> dual1 & n ! plural 7,sept41 ,vulg41 ,ges5ius1 ,dpke1 c471 & is "h us$ because ?is dance consi/$ ( a b& arrang$ 9 a d\ble l9e1 some?+ l our c\ntry dance4 ,on ! diff]5t k9ds ( ,ori5tal dances1 see ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 ii4 #ai-bb2 ,wilk9son1 ,mann]s1 c41 ii4 #cbh-cdj4 ,saals*tz1 ,ar*ologie d] ,hebrer1 vol4 i4 #cjb4 ,! words h elicit$ a v>iety ( int]pretations4 ,"s take z a prop] "n1 & say t ref]5ce is "h made to "s p>ticul> mode ( wor%ip practis$ 9 t place 9 consequ5ce ( ,jacob's soj\rn !re2 b ?is is purely imag9>y4 ,o!rs aga9 suppose t an allusion is made to ,g54 xxxii4 #b1 #c1 & h5ce r5d] by or 2 b ?is is unf\nd$1 s9ce we h n ! slighte/ intimation 9 t passage t ! angels 7 engag$ 9 danc+4 #b4 ,h[ beautiful are ?y feet 9 s&als6 ,! ,%ulamite1 9 ob$i5ce to ! k+'s reque/1 returns1 & z %e advances1 ,solomon is arre/$ by h] beautiful feet1 ) :i* he beg9s 8 la/ highly flatt]+ del9eation ( h] beauty1 & 8 la/ attempt to w9 h] affections4 1 ,*ald4 1 s&als1 =m$ an important "p ( an ,ori5tal co/ume 7,ezek4 xvi4 #aj2 ,judi? xvi4 #i74 ,! ladies be/[$ great pa9s ^u1 & ev9c$ mu* ta/e 9 ornam5t+ ?is article ( dress1 :i* attract$ ! notice ( ! opposite sex4 does n mean a desc5dant ( a titl$ family1 b1 accord+ to a common ,hebrew idiom1 :i* applies 1 & o!r t]ms ( human k9dr$ to relations ( e k9d1 expresses t %e h]self 0 ( a noble "*4 ,comp4 #a ,sam4 i4 #af2 ,ges54 #ajf1 #b a2 ,ewald1 #bhg f4 ,! circuits ( ?y ?ighs l ornam5ts1 c4 ,to describe ! beautiful appe>ance ( an object1 ! ,ori5tals frequ5tly comp>$ x to "s preci\s metal or gem2 see supra1 v4 #aa2 ,prov4 xxv4 #ab4 ,! simple metal or gem1 h[ev]1 seems n to suffice "h to express ! exquisite symmetry ( ^! p>ts ( ! body2 !y are1 !re=e1 comp>$ ) "s beautifully-wr\ght & highly-f9i%$ ornam5ts1 =m$ ( su* mat]ials4 ,! r5d]+ ( by /eps 7,sept41 ,vulg41 ,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,h5g/5b]g1 c471 & by ,s*w+ung51 movem5ts 7,h5g/5b]g71 is contr>y to ! scope ( ! description1 :i* obvi\sly depicts ! sev]al memb]s ( ! body 7beg9n+ ) ! feet & gradually asc5d+ to ! head71 & n _! actions4 is n ! dual 7,lu!r71 b ! plural2 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 2 1 4 ,! 9 ! plural is pref]r$ to ! 9 consequ5ce ( ! prec$+ ,a s\nd4 ,ges54 #ic1 #ff2 ,ewald1 #ahf e4 #c4 ,?y navel is l a r\nd goblet1 c4 ,! ref]5ce & ! import ( ! figure are obvi\s4 1 i4q4 1 mixture1 mix$ w9e4 ,! anci5ts 7 9 ! habit ( mix+ w9e ) spices1 to make x m /imulat+ & excit+4 ,w9e ?us mix$ 0 call$ 1 viii4 #b1 ! v9um aromatites ( ! ,greeks & ,romans4 7,comp4 ,ps4 lxxv4 #i2 ,prov4 ix4 #e2 ,isa4 v4 #bb2 ,mi%na1 ,maas] %5i1 ii4 #a2 ,baba ,mez4 v4 #b2 ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 xiv4 #ae2 ,ges54 ,!saurus1 p4 #hjh2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v47 is "o ( ! few in/ances 9 :i* are resolv$ be=e suffixes1 ow+ to ! broadness ( ! v[els :5 prec$+ 1 or 4 ,comp4 ) suffix 3 3 1 ,ewald1 #bfe2 ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 s4v4 -4 ,! p>ticle expresses a subjective wi%1 ,ges54 ,lexicon1 1 ii4 #f1 ,ewald1 #cbj4 ,?y body is l a heap ( :eat1 c4 ,! po9t ( analogy seems to subsi/ betwe5 ! appe>ance ( ! body & t ( a quantity ( corn heap$ up1 1 :i* ,ibn ,ezra well expla9s 2 s also ,ra%bam4 ,rememb]+ t corpul5cy 0 deem$ ess5tial to an ,ea/]n beauty1 ?is comp>ison w appe> obvi\s4 ,seld51 :o is foll[$ by o!rs1 takes ?is passage z a pr$iction ( ! bride's f]tility3 z3--8,:eat & b>ley 7 among ! anci5t ,hebrews emblems ( f]tility2 & x 0 usual = /&]s-by to scatt] ^! gra9s ^u ! m>ri$ c\ple1 ) a wi% t !y might increase & multiply40 ,uxor ,hebraica1 lib4 ii4 cap4 #ae4 8,a cu/om10 adds ,williams1 8:i* might probably orig9ate f ?is passage1 or vice v]s40 ,b ?\gh x is true t x 0 a common practice among ! ,jews at m>riages to di/ribute among ! company dri$ se$s 7,talm4 ,*e?ubo?1 ii4 #a71 probably to indicate a wi% t ! newly-m>ri$ c\ple might be fruitful1 x does n foll[ t x 0 ! practice at s e>ly an age1 or t x is ! mean+ "h4 ,7 ?is ! s5se "h1 we %\ld expect t ! ,jewi% comm5tators1 :o well knew & practis$ ! mann]s & cu/oms ( _! own p1 w\ld h recognis$ x4 ,:]eas1 ,ra%i1 ,ra%bam1 ,ibn ,ezra1 c41 expla9 ?is figure z ref]r+ to ! appe>ance4 ,h$g$ r\nd )1 c4 ,! ?re%+-floors 9 anci5t times 7 9 ! op5 air2 & :5 ! :eat _h be5 ?re%$ out1 fann$ & heap$ up1 ea* heap 0 /uck r\nd ) ?orns1 9 ord] to keep (f ! cattle4 7,hos4 ii4 #e1 #f47 ,to r5d] ! figure m beautiful1 & ! complim5t m flatt]+1 ! enam\r$ k+ *anges ! h$ge ( ?orns into a f5ce ( lilies4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 ref] ^! words to a robe embroid]$ ) lilies1 cov]+ h] body2 & o!rs1 aga91 to "s anci5t cu/om ( surr\nd+ or cov]+ ! newly-?re%$ heap ( :eat ) a sort ( g>l& ( fl[]s1 indicat+ ! joy ( ! husb&man at ! return ( ! h>ve/4 #d1 #e4 ,?y bosom is l1 c4 ,^! v]ses1 ) a little v>iation aris+ f ! fact t a diff]5t p]son is ! speak] "h1 conta9 ! same figures z iv4 #d1 #e4 ,! comp>ison betwe5 ! beautiful symmetry1 erect be>+1 & ivory col\r ( ! neck1 & betwe5 ! elegant /ructure1 l(ty altitude1 & :ite col\r ( a t[]1 appe>s m /rik+ & apposite f ! description giv5 by ,josephus ( ! t[]s ( ,j]usalem3 8,!y 7 s v tall1 !y appe>$ mu* tall] by ! place on :i* !y /ood2 = t v old wall1 :]e9 !y 71 0 built on a high hill1 & 0 itself a k9d ( elevation t 0 /ill ?irty cubits tall]1 ov] :i* 7 ! t[]s situat$1 & !reby 7 made mu* high] to appe>ance4 ,! l>g5ess also ( ! /ones 0 wond]ful2 = !y 7 n made ( common small /ones1 nor ( su* l>ge ones only z m5 c\ld c>ry1 b !y 7 ( :ite m>ble1 cut out ( ! rocks3 ea* /one 0 tw5ty cubits 9 l5g?1 & t5 cubits 9 bread?1 & five 9 dep?4 ,!y 7 s exactly unit$ to "o ano!r1 t ea* t[] look$ l "o entire block ( /one1 s gr[+ naturally1 & aft]w>ds cut by ! h& ( ! artific] into ! pres5t %ape & corn]s2 s little1 or n at all1 did _! jo9ts or connexion appe>40 7,jewi% ,w>1 book v4 *ap4 iv4 #d4--,:i/on's translation47 ,! comp>ison ( ! neck ) ivory is also us$ by ,anacreon 7,ode xxix4 #bh1 #bi71 9 8 description ( ,ba?yllus3-- 4 8,b nev] c ?y p5cil trace ,8 ivory neck ( ,paphian grace40 ,?9e eyes1 c4 ,t is1 are z bright & s]5e z ! celebrat$ transluc5t pools ( ?is city4 ,he%bon1 a t[n 9 ! s\!rn p>ts ( ! ,hebrew t]ritory1 ab\t tw5ty miles ea/ ( ! po9t :]e ! ,jordan ent]s ! ,dead ,sea1 orig9ally belong$ to ! ,moabites 7,numb4 xxi4 #be71 & aft]w>ds came into possession ( ! ,amorite k+ ,sihon 7ibid42 ,deut4 ii4 #bd2 ,jo%4 iii4 #aj74 ,x 0 conqu]$ by ,moses %ortly be=e 8 dea? 7,numb4 xxi4 #be71 & 0 fir/ assign$ to ! tribe ( ,reub5 7,numb4 xxxii4 #cg2 ,jo%4 xiii4 #ag71 & aft]w>ds to ! tribe ( ,gad1 & became a ,levitical city 7,jo%4 xxi4 #ci2 #a ,*ron4 vi4 #ha74 ,x 0 retak5 by ! ,moabites :5 ! t5 tribes 7 c>ri$ into exile 7,isa4 xv4 #d2 xvi4 #i2 ,j]4 xlviii4 #b71 b ! ,jews conqu]$ x aga9 aft]w>ds 7,joseph4 ,antiq4 lib4 xiii47 ,! ru9s ( ,he%bon1 ! "n by :i* ! place is /ill kn[n1 h be5 visit$ & describ$ by mod]n travell]s4 7,burckh>dt1 ,travels1 p4 #cfe2 ,biblical ,repos4 = #ahcc1 p4 #fej2 ,rob9son1 ,pale/9e1 ii4 #bgh47 ,he%bon 0 ! pride ( ,moab1 0 fam\s = its f]tility1 v]dure ( plantation1 & beautiful res]voirs4 ,h5ce ! simile "h4 ,a simil> comp>ison is us$ by ,ovid1 ,de ,arte ,ama4 ii4 #gbb3-- 8,adspicies oculos tremulo fulg>e meiantes1 ,ut sol a liquida saepe refulget aqua40 is well expla9$ by ,ra%bam1 ! popul\s1 1 8because1 ?r\gh x a multitude ( ! inhabitants ( ! t[n walk 9 & out20 1 8because x is ! *ief place ( conc\rse40 1 daught]1 l 1 son1 is idiomatically us$ 9 ,hebrew to express quality4 ,comp>e 1 a son ( fatness1 i4e4 fat2 ,isa4 v4 #a1 & supra1 vii4 #b4 ,! ,septuag9t1 :i* is foll[$ by ! ,vulgate1 n und]/&+ ?is idiom1 r5d]s x lit]ally 1 by ! gates ( ! daught] ( _m4 ,?y nose1 c4 ,?is t[] mu/ h conta9$ a projection or an ov]hang+ "p1 celebrat$ = its great symmetry & elegance4 ,h5ce ! comp>ison betwe5 ! beautifully project+ t[] & ! well-proportion$ nose4 #f4 ,?y head ^u !e1 c4 /&s "h = 1 purpura2 s ,ibn ,gama*1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,fr/1 c4 ,?is %ell-fi% is ( a spiral =m1 & 8! exquisite juice :i* is s greatly s\ght aft] = ! purpose ( dye+ clo? is situate 9 ! middle ( ! ?roat4 ,?is secretion consi/s ( a t9y drop conta9$ 9 a :ite ve91 f :i* ! preci\s liquid us$ = dye+ is di/ill$1 be+ ( ! t9t ( a rose1 some:at incl9$ to black40 ,pl9y1 ,hi/4 ,nat4 ix4 #fj1 #fa2 ,ari/4 ,hi/4 ,anim4 lib4 v4 c4 #ad4 ,! simile "h subsi/s betwe5 ! spiral =m ( ?is %ell-fi% & ! pyramidal %ape 9 :i* ! hair 0 anci5tly ti$ up on ! top ( ! head4 ,! ,*9ese & o!r ,ea/]n wom5 /ill we> _! hair roll$ up into a knot or bun* at ! top ( ! head2 & ev5 9 ?is c\ntry ladies us$ to dress _! hair 9 a some:at simil> mann]4 ,! r5d]+ ( ! anci5t v]sions ( 1 by ,m\nt ,c>mel1 :i* ! majority ( mod]n int]pret]s foll[3 !y take ! simile to be betwe5 ! beautiful appe>ance ( ! bride's head & ! *>m+1 luxuriant1 & picturesque summit ( ?is celebrat$ m\nta92 b ?is is aga9/ ! p>allelism & #b ,*ron4 ii4 #af1 #ac2 iii4 #ad4 is d]iv$ f 1 to be %9+ly r$1 ) - app5d$1 accord+ to ! analogy ( 2 vide ,fr/1 ,lexicon 9 voce2 or x may be t ?is %ell-fi% 0 s call$ because x 0 f\nd on ! %ore ne> ,c>mel4 ,at all ev5ts1 !re is no ne$ to look = ! etymology ( ?is ^w out ( ! ,%emitic family4 ,& ! tresses1 c4 ,f9e hair is frequ5tly comp>$ by ! ,greeks & ,romans ) purple4 ,?us ,anacreon1 xxviii4 #aa1 #ac4 ' 4 ,!n pa9t1 f h] full *eeks1 ,b5ea? h] purple hair1 ,h] ivory =ehead4 ,comp>e also ,virgil1 ,georg4 i4 #dje2 ,tibul4 i4 #d1 #fc4 ,! purple "h ref]r$ to is t k9d :i* ,pl9y describes z 8nigrans adspectu idemque suspectu refulg5s40 1 ! co/ly col\r extract$ f ! %ell-fi%1 is f 1 k9d4 1 to col\r1 ) ! pro/etic & t]m9ation -2 vide supra1 *ap4 iii4 #i4 ,! k+ is captivat$1 c4 ,! r+lets1 l ! la%es ( ! eyelids1 are frequ5tly repres5t$ z ! net ( love4 ,prov4 vi4 #be2 ,sira* ix4 #c1 #d4 ,?us ,jami1 9 8 ,joseph & ,zuleikha1 *ap4 i41 z quot$ by ,dr4 ,good1 says3-- 8,:5 ,love 9 graceful r+lets plants 8 toils1 ,! fool he cat*es1 & ! wise man foils2 ,b1 !nce releas$1 ! sage 8 sn>e disc]ns1 ,& ,reason's lamp ) wont$ lu/re burns40 /&s = 2 ! article is n unfrequ5tly omitt$ 9 poetry2 comp4 ,ps4 ii4 #b2 xxi4 #b2 ,ges54 #aji2 ,ewald1 #bgg1 b4 1 a r+let1 s call$ f its fl[+ d[n ov] ! %\ld]s2 vide supra1 *ap4 i4 #af4 ,! con/ruction ( ) 1 i4e4 royal purple 7"o ( ! ,greek translators 9 ! ,hexapla1 ,vulgate1 ,syriac1 ,lu!r1 ,h\bigant1 c471 is aga9/ ! punctuation & ! ev5ness ( ! metre1 int]f]es ) ! int]pretation ( ! rema9+ words1 & has evid5tly aris5 f a misund]/&+ ( ! passage4 ,besides1 no p is kn[n by su* a "n4 ,x 0 ow+ to a feel+ ( be+ consi/5t t ! editor ( ,calmet felt himself con/ra9$ to take z a prop] "n1 ,argam51 to correspond ) ! p>allel 2 & to expla9 ?is clause z allud+ to a p>ticul> mode ( plait+ ! hair1 l ! weav+ ( ,are*1 a city 9 ,babylonia1 suppos$ to be fam\s = its weav+ manufactories4 ,h[ beautiful1 c4 ,! captivat$ k+1 hav+ describ$ ! beauty ( ! sev]al p>ts ( ! body1 n[ comb9es ! sep>ate memb]s into "o lovely =m1 & end[s x ) life & fasc9ation1 :i* none ( ! inanimate beauties to :i* he _h comp>$ h]1 h[ev] admirable1 possess$4 1 love1 ab/ract = concrete1 lov$ "o1 vide supra1 *ap4 v4 #a4 1 *>m1 attraction1 su* z liv+ be+s possess4 ,aquila & ! ,syriac1 sep>at+ ! ^w 1 r5d] x 1 4 #g4 ,?is ?y gr[?1 c4 ,! beautiful gr[? ( ! palm-tree1 l t ( ! c$> & cypress1 suppli$ a =cible image to ! anci5ts4 ,?us ! ,son ( ,sira*1 xxiv4 #ac1 #ad3-- 8,i grew up z a c$> ( ,lebanon1 ,& z a cypress ^u ,m\nt ,h]mon2 ,i grew up z a palm-tree 9 ,en-g$i1 ,& z a rose-tree 9 ,j]i*o40 ,comp4 also ,hom]1 ,odyss4 vi4 #afb1 & supra1 *ap4 v4 #ae4 1 bun*1 clu/]1 ( grapes1 dates1 or fl[]s2 ! context mu/ decide :i*4 ,"h1 f its close proximity to 1 palm-tree1 dates are mo/ probably int5d$4 ,= ! etymology ( 1 see supra1 *ap4 i4 #ad2 & = its =m1 bo? "h & 9 v]4 #i1 ,ewald1 #bab d4 #h4 ,i long to climb1 c4 ,aft] ?is flatt]+ description ,solomon tells ! ,%ulamite h[ greatly he desires1 & h[ happy he %\ld be to enjoy1 ! affections ( "o s lovely & *>m+4 ,we e>ne/ly reque/ ^? :o ma9ta9 ! allegorical int]pretation ( ! ,song s]i\sly to reflect :e!r ?is v]se1 & inde$ ! :ole ( ?is address1 c be put into ! m\? ( ,*ri/ z speak+ to ! ,*ur*4 ,w\ld n our m9ds recoil ) horror 7 we to he> a ,*ri/ian us+ x publicly1 or ev5 privately1 to illu/rate ! love ( ,*ri/ = 8 ,*ur*8--1 to speak1 also to wi%1 to desire1 ,g54 xliv4 #bh2 ,exod4 ii4 #ad2 #a ,sam4 xx4 #d4 does n express ! pa/1 b ! pres5t2 comp4 9 ! prec$+ v]se2 ,ges54 #abf1 #c2 ,ewald1 #ace b4 ,! second v]b is subord9ate to ! fir/1 vide supra1 *ap4 ii4 #c4 is add$ to 1 to di/+ui% x f ! dates 9 v]4 #g4 ,& ! od\r ( ?y brea?1 c4 ,t is1 be z sweet & z quick5+ z t ( apples4 is us$ 9 pref]5ce to 1 because ! no/ril1 or ! brea?+ 7:i* lit]ally means7 is reg>d$ by ! ,hebrews z t :i* 9 di/5sion betok5s pleasure1 ang]1 c4 ,! appropriat5ess ( ?is expression w be m manife/ :5 we rememb] t hi!rto all t ! ,%ulamite %[$ t[>ds ,solomon 7 resi/ance & indep5d5ce4 ,!re is also a play ( words "h1 be+ d]iv$ f 1 to brea!1 & 1 f 1 to brea!4 ,hodgson /rangely r5d]s 1 8! fragrance ( ?y face10 because sev]al ,,mss4 read ) a yod4 #i4 ,& ?y spee*1 c4 ,t is1 ,let ?y language to me be z ! sweetness ( delici\s w9e4 ,ros5mll]1 ,dpke1 ,de ,wette1 ,noyes1 ,delitzs*1 ,h5g/5b]g1 c41 put ^! words into ! m\? ( ! maid54 ,b x is incr$ible t ?is mode/ woman w\ld approve ( ^! expressions ) reg>d to h] own p]son1 & t %e w\ld cont9ue ! words 4 1 palate1 metonymically = spee*2 vide supra1 *ap4 v4 #af4 is us$ z a sub/antive1 & plac$ 9 ! g5itive aft] 2 comp4 ,ps4 xxi4 #d2 ,prov4 xxiv4 #be2 ,ewald1 #bhg b4 ,! phrase describes ! smoo? or mell[ w9e1 :i* is ( a v sup]ior quality1 & highly priz$1 ,prov4 xxiii4 #ca4 ,! expression is add$ 9 ord] to describe /ill m =cibly ! nature ( ! w9e1 & af=ds a m /rik+ illu/ration ( ! pleasantness ( ! damsel's spee*4 ,h] voice is n m]ely comp>$ to w9e1 valu$ because x is sweet to ev]ybody2 b to su* w9e z w\ld be sweet to a fri5d1 & on t acc\nt is m valuable & pleasant4 ,ammon1 ,ewald1 ,heilig/$t1 ,hitzig1 c4 reg>d z hav+ errone\sly crept 9 "h f v]4 #aa1 :il/ ,vel?us51 ,mei]1 c4 po9t x 9 ! plural2 b ?is is unsupport$ by ,,mss4 ,hodgson1 tak+ = 1 translates x ad amores1 delightfully1 correspond+ to 9 ! next clause4 ,b ?is r5d]+1 to say ! lea/1 is contr>y to ! g5]al mean+ ( ?is ^w4 ,! r5d]+ ( ,williams1 8:i* ,i s5t to ^? :om ,i love = _! integrity10 is prepo/]\s4 ,& causes slumb]+ lips1 c4 ,! w9e is ( su* an animat+ nature1 t x ev5 causes sil5t lips to speak4 ,?us ,horace1 ,epi/4 lib4 i4 ,ep4 v4 #ai3-- ,fecundi calices quem non fec]e dis]tum8 8,:om h n s\l-inspir+ cups made eloqu5t80 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 ) less probability1 expla9 ^! words to mean w9e ( s excell5t a flav\r1 z to induce ^? :o h indulg$ 9 x to dream ( x1 & conv]se ab\t x2 or w9e s delici\s & tempt+ t x leads to excess1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* ! dr9k]s fall asleep1 & !n ei!r disclose ! subject ( _! dream1 or mutt] un9telligible words4 is n g5tly fl[+1 suffus+ 7,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 ,lee1 ,magnus1 ,noyes1 ,mei]1 ,philippson1 ,hitzig1 c471 b caus+ to speak 7,vulg41 ,ra%i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,ra%bam1 ,m5delssohn1 ,kleuk]1 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,fr/1 ,delitzs*1 c47 ,?is is corroborat$ by ! d]ivative 1 :i* prim>ily means some?+ spok51 a report1 ei!r good or bad1 z is evid5t f ,g54 xxvii4 #b2 ,numb4 xiv4 #cg1 :]e ! adjective 1 evil1 is jo9$ to x2 & f ,ezek4 xxxvi4 #c1 :]e x /&s 9 p>allelism ) 1 & by ! frequ5t usage 9 ! ,talmud & o!r ,hebrew writ]s ( ! ^w 1 = speak+4 is ! ,poel ( 1 a =m frequ5tly us$ 9 v]bs 7comp4 1 ,eccl4 vii4 #g2 1 ,ps4 lix4 #g2 ,ges54 #fg1 #h71 &1 l ! ,piel1 is (t5 ! causative ( ,kal1 ,ges54 #ee1 #a4 ,! ,sept41 ,vulg41 ,sym41 ,syr41 read 1 ! lips & ! tee?1 in/ead ( 2 b ?is is nei!r support$ by ,,mss41 nor yields a bett] s5se4 #aj4 ,i belong to my belov$1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite g5tly b decid$ly refuses ! wi%es ( ! k+1 decl>+ t h] affections are fix$ on "o :om %e ard5tly loves1 & on :om alone x is h] sacr$ duty to look4 ,ev5 ,ibn ,ezra & ,ra%bam1 ?\gh expla9+ x diff]5tly1 admit t ! maid5 "h refuses ! petition] ( ! la/ v]se on ! plea t %e belong$ to h] belov$4 1 lit4 on me1 i4e4 x is ^u me z a duty4 is frequ5tly us$ to d5ote duty or obligation1 :i* re/s ^u "o l a burd51 & mu/ be dis*>g$4 ,?us 1 8x 0 my duty to give10 #b ,sam4 xviii4 #aa2 1 8peace-(f]+s are due f me10 ,prov4 vii4 #ad2 ,ges54 ,lexicon1 ,a4 #a1 4 ,ewald1 #bag1 #d 4 ,! suffix 9 expresses ! object1 i4e4 ! desire = him4 ,?is is (t5 ! case2 comp4 1 8 fe>1 i4e4 ! fe> = him1 ,exod4 xx4 #bj2 ,ges54 #aba1 #e2 ,ewald1 #bhf b4 ,we ?us obta9 ! same s5se ( ?is clause :i* ,hodgson gives x1 )\t *ang+ ! words into 1 ^u ! sl5d] au?ority ( "o ,,ms4 to support ! fir/1 & ?ree ,,mss4 to support ! second alt]ation4 #aa4 ,come1 my belov$1 c4 ,hav+ di/9ctly & f9ally refus$ ! k+1 :o =?) quitt$ h]1 ! ,%ulamite n[ addresses h] belov$ %eph]d1 :o approa*$ h]1 urg+ _! dep>ture f ! royal palace = _! fe/ive b[]s 9 ,nature's hall4 ,! want ( sep>ate names1 or initial lett]s ( names1 g5]ally us$ 9 pr(ane composition to indicate ! speak] or ! p]son spok5 to1 is amply suppli$ "h by ! skill ( ! inspir$ poet 9 putt+ into ! m\? ( ! ,%ulamite su* rural language z %[s mo/ pla9ly t %e 0 a ru/ic maid51 & t h] belov$1 :om %e "h addresses1 is a %eph]d4 ,comp4 also *ap4 i4 #g2 ii4 #h2 v4 #b1 #d1 c4 ,to ascribe ^! words to a pr9cess address+ k+ ,solomon is prepo/]\s4 ,dd]le91 ,ewald1 ,mei]1 c41 take z ! plural ( 1 cypress1 vide supra1 i4 #ad2 iv4 #ac2 b #a ,*ron4 xxvii4 #be1 :]e 1 l "h1 c\pl$ ) 1 field1 =ms a contra/ to 1 city1 is aga9/ x4 is ! accusative ( place1 #a ,sam4 xx4 #aa2 ,ges54 #aah1 #a4 #ab4 ,we w g e>ly1 c4 ,transport$ ) ! ?\ght ( h] spe$y arrival at h] "m's h\se1 ! ,%ulamite vividly depicts to h] belov$ ! sc5es ( home1 :]e !y w aga9 toge!r enjoy rural life4 ,x may be t ,milton ?\ght ( ?is passage :5 he wrote ! words3-- 8,to-morr[1 ere fre% morn+ /reak ! ea/ ,) fir/ approa* ( light1 we mu/ be ris51 ,& at our pleasant lab\r1 to re=m ,yon fl[]y arb\rs1 yond] alleys gre51 ,our walks at noon ) bran*es ov]gr[n40 ,p>adise ,lo/1 iv4 #fbc1 c4 is con/ructio praegnans1 & is well expla9$ by ,ra%bam1 1 8we w rise e>ly to /roll 9 ! v9ey>ds40 ,comp4 ,g54 xliv4 #cc2 ,numb4 xiv4 #bd2 ,ges54 #ada4 ,!re w ,i give1 c4 ,! %eph]d1 gladd5$ ) ! fact t 8 lov$ "o is re/or$ to him1 is desir\s ( express+ 8 joy & affection1 b ! ,%ulamite1 anxi\s to get (f z quickly z possible1 tells him t at home1 amid/ ! *>ms ( nature1 !y may indulge 9 sweet effusions ( love4 ,! ,sept4 & ,vulg4 h "h aga9 1 brea/s1 in/ead ( 1 love4 ,b 9 addition to :at has already be5 rem>k$1 we w\ld /ate t :5ev] brea/s are m5tion$ 9 ?is ,song1 is inv>iably us$4 #ac4 ,! m&rakes diffuse1 c4 ,ano!r reason = ha/5+ away f ! royal prison into ! rural home4 ,!re no?+ w be want+2 !y h !re ! highly priz$ apples1 !y h all sorts ( preci\s fruit1 :i* %e left on ! trees = him4 ,a simil> passage occurs 9 ,virgil1 ,ecl4 i4 #cg1 :]e ! lov$ "o kept fruit on ! tree = h] lov]3-- ,mirab>1 quid moe/a deos1 ,am>ylli1 voc>es2 ,cui p5d]e su pat]]is 9 arbore poma3 ,tityrus h9c ab]at4 8,we /ood amaz$ to see y\r mi/ress m\rn2 ,unkn[+ t %e p9$ = y\r return3 ,we wond]'d :y %e kept h] fruit s long1 ,= :om s late ?' unga!r'd apples hung3 ,b no1 ! wond] ceases1 s9ce ,i see ,%e kept !m only1 ,tityrus1 = !e40 1 :i* occurs only once m1 7,g54 xxx4 #ad71 is1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( ! anci5t v]sions1 ! mass ( comm5tators & mod]n travell]s1 ! m&rake-plant1 ,atropa m&ragora1 call$ yabro*ack by ! ,arabs1 ! fruit ( :i* is highly valu$ by ! ,ori5tals = its suppos$ exhil>at+1 aphrodisiac1 & procreative prop]ties4 8,x gr[s l[1 l lettuce1 to :i* its leaves h a /rong resemblance1 except t !y h a d>k gre5 col\r4 ,! fl[]s are purple1 & ! root is = ! mo/ "p =k$4 ,! fruit1 :5 ripe1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,may1 is ( ! size & col\r ( a small apple1 exce$+ly ruddy1 & ( a mo/ agreeable flav\r40 ,see ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit42 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ?is plant is m5tion$ m]ely to fill out ! picture ( *>m+ & highly priz$ plants1 )\t ref]5ce to any suppos$ int]nal prop]ties1 & has evid5tly be5 sugge/$ by ! prec$+ 1 belov$4 1 lit4 love-apples1 is ! plural ( 1 f ! root 1 to love1 ) ! t]m9ation -1 l 1 ! plural ( 1 f ! root 4 ,ges54 #ic1 #f1 #f2 ,ewald1 #ahi g4 is well expla9$ by ,ra%bam1 1 89 our g>d51 close to our door10 c4 has n unfrequ5tly ! s5se ( neighb\rhood & contiguity4 ,ges54 ,lexicon1 #c4 ,o!rs h[ev] r5d] 1 ov]1 i4e4 8& ov] our doors gr[10 c42 o!rs aga9 translate 91 i4e4 89 our h\se are10 c41 tak+ 9 ! s5se ( h\se2 comp4 ,prov4 xiv4 #ai1 b ) less probability4 ,h\bigant's transposition ( lett]s1 viz4 1 9 no/ris malis aureis1 in/ead ( 1 is an idle conjecture4 #a4 ,oh t ?\ w]t z my bro!r1 c4 ,! *>m+ description :i* ! ,%ulamite gave ( _! happ9ess :5 at home1 recall$ to h] m9d ! ob/acles :i* !y met )1 ev5 !re2 & h5ce %e is l$ to wi% t he _h su/a9$ to h] ! relation ( a bro!r1 t1 :e!r 9 ! /reet or ! h\se1 none might mis9t]pret or int]rupt ! manife/ation ( _! atta*m5t4 is us$ to express ! optative4 ,comp4 ,deut4 v4 #bi2 xxviii4 #fg2 ,ps4 xiv4 #g2 ,job vi4 #h2 ,ges54 #acf1 #a2 ,ewald1 #cbi c4 is ! accusative4 ,! r5d]+ ( ! ,septuag41 1 1 2 & ,lu!r1 8,o dass i* di*1 me9 ,brud]1 d] du me9] ,mutt] ,br/e sauge/1 drauss5 fnde10 are wrong4 1 does n mean 8an infant /ill suck+ ! brea/s40 7,grotius1 ,gill1 ,good1 ,williams1 c471 b 8"o :o _h suck$ & is n[ a y\?20 x is ! second accusative to 1 & /&s 9 p>allelism ) 1 bro!r2 l ! p>ticiple 7:i* does n mean "o :o j gave bir?71 & 1 vide supra1 *ap4 vi4 #i4 is conditional1 ) ! p>ticle impli$1 ,judg4 xi4 #cf2 ,prov4 xxiv4 #aj2 ,ewald1 #cfg b4 is us$ poetically = 1 &1 ,judg4 v4 #d2 ,joel i4 #ab4 3 ! ?ird p]son is us$ to express ! indet]m9ate ?ird p]son1 ! passive 9 ,engli%4 ,g54 xli4 #ad2 ,ges54 #aeg1 #c4 ,= 1 me1 five ,,mss4 & two editions read 1 !e1 :i* ,ewald adopts4 ,b ?is is aga9/ ! majority ( ,,mss4 & all ! v]sions1 & does n at all improve ! s5se4 #b4 ,i w\ld lead !e1 c4 ,z a bro!r1 %e c\ld unres]v$ly br+ him f ! spot1 :]e %e met him 9 ! /reet1 to h] "m's h\se4 ,we mu/ supply 1 !nce1 be=e 2 s ,ra%bam4 ,simple z ! ^w seems to be1 x has nev]!less produc$ a v>iety ( r5d]+s4 ,! ,septuag9t & ,syriac1 foll[$ by ,p]cy1 entirely omit x1 & int]polate "h 1 & into ! ap>tm5t ( h] :o gave me bir?1 f *ap4 iii4 #d2 aft] 1 ! h\se ( my "m4 ,ibn ,ezra1 ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 ,kleuk]1 ,dd]le91 ,hitzig1 c41 supply 1 :o1 be=e 1 & ref] x to 1 my "m4 ,b ?is int]rupts ! con/ruction1 &1 aga9/ ! scope ( ! description1 introduces ! "m z an actress4 ,hodgson & ! editor ( ,calmet1 /rangely en\gh1 r5d] x ,talmudni1 z a prop] "n ( ! maid5's "m4 ,! mo/ natural way seems to be to take x ) ! ,vulgate1 ,*aldee1 ,ra%bam1 ,lu!r1 ,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,de ,wette1 ,delitzs*1 ,h5g/5b]g1 ,philippson1 c41 z ! second p]son mascul9e4 ,i w\ld cause !e to dr9k1 c4 ,on ! aromatic w9e1 see supra1 *ap4 vii4 #c4 ,! pomegranate-juice 0 & /ill is a fav\rite bev]age 9 ! ,ea/4 8,! ,ori5tals10 says ,dr4 ,kitto1 8indulge l>gely 9 bev]ages made ) fre% juice ( v>i\s k9ds ( fruits4 ,among ^!1 %]bet made ) pomegranate-juice is p>ticul>ly e/eem$1 &1 f its agreeable & cool+ acidity1 ! pres5t writ] 0 himself accu/om$ to pref] x to any o!r dr9k ( ?is description40 1 is ei!r an anomal\s con/ruct 7,ges5ius2 ,fr/1 ,lex4 s4v471 or ! absolute1 & 1 apposition 9 ! accusative4 ,comp>e 1 #a ,k+s xx4 #bg2 ,ges54 #aaf1 #f1 ,rem4 b2 ,ewald1 #bhg h4 & are a p>anomasia1 vide supra1 *ap4 i4 #c4 1 my pomegranate-juice1 i4e4 :i* ,i myself h prep>$4 ,! n\n 9 ! g5itive1 express+ ! quality ( ! nom9ative1 has ! suffix2 comp>e 1 my holy m\nta91 ,ps4 ii4 #f2 ,ges54 #aba b2 ,ewald1 #bia b4 ,f an ov]sight ( ?is mo/ probably arose ! read+s ( or 7sev]al ,,mss471 7,vulgate1 ,syriac71 ! supposition t is an adjective 7,s*ult5s71 & ! op9ion t x is an abbreviat$ plural f 1 l = 1 7,ps4 xlv4 #i1 ,mei]1 ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 1 #c b47 #c4 ,let 8 left h&1 c4 ,exhau/$ ) ! attempt to describe h] unfail+ atta*m5t = h] belov$ %eph]d1 an atta*m5t f> deep] ?an ext]nal circum/ances p]mit h] to manife/1 ! ,%ulamite desires t no o!r h& %\ld raise h] droop+ head1 no o!r arm support h] enfeebl$ frame1 ?an ^? ( h] belov$2 comp>e *ap4 ii4 #f4 #d4 ,i adjure y1 c4 ,?is la/ affect+ sc5e1 hav+ br\ght ! ,%ulamite's /ruggle to a successful t]m9ation1 is clos$ by h] adjur+ ! c\rt ladies z be=e 7ii4 #g1 & v4 #c71 to make no m attempt to draw h] affections away f h] belov$ to any "o else1 s9ce !y 7 unalt]ably fix$4 ,! ,septuag9t1 :i* is foll[$ by ,good1 c41 supplies "h 1 f ii4 #g1 & v4 #c4 ,x is obvi\s1 f ! *ange ( into ! m urg5t negative p>ticle 1 7comp4 ,job xxxi42 ,ewald1 #cbe b71 t ! v>iation is design$ly made2 & inde$ ! ha/e 9 :i* ! ,%ulamite is to dep>t ) h] belov$ does n p]mit h] to use ! l5g?y adjuration4 #e4 ,:o is x t comes up1 c4 ,! la/ successful resi/ance secur$ = ! ,%ulamite h] lib]ty4 ,conv9c$ t ev5 ! bl&i%m5ts ( a k+ _c ov]come ! p[] ( virtu\s love 9 ! he>t ( a ru/ic damsel2 satisfi$ t 8all ! weal? ( 8 h\se0 c\ld n buy x1 ,solomon dismisses h]4 ,!n1 reunit$ to h] belov$ %eph]d1 ! happy pair imm$iately dep>t = home4 ,z !y approa* _! native place ! inhabitants1 behold+ !m at a di/ance1 exclaim1 8,:o is x t comes up f ! pla91 lean+ ^u h] belov$80 1 ! pla9 7vide supra1 iii4 #f71 mo/ probably ! pla9 ( ,esdraelon1 at pres5t kn[n by ! "n ( ,m]ij ,ibn ',amir1 ly+ betwe5 ,jezreel & ,sulem 7,rob9son1 ,pale/9e1 iii4 #afi71 :i* ! lov]s _h to cross on _! way home4 7f 1 to lean2 h5ce 1 an arm1 on :i* "o leans1 ,talm4 ,sabba?1 #ib71 support+ h]self1 be+ we>y ) s long a j\rney4 ,s ! ,sept4 2 ! ,vulg4 innixa1 c4 ,z = ! additional 9 ! ,sept41 & deliciis afflu5s 9 ! ,vulg41 ! "o mo/ probably arose f ! ^w 1 us$ 9 *ap4 vi4 #aj1 :]e a simil> "q occurs1 & ! o!r f a m>g9al gloss1 or 4 ,"u ?is apple-tree1 c4 ,z !y drew ne>] home !y beheld ! ende>$ spot--! memorable %ady tree "u :i* ! %eph]d 0 born1 & :]e _! mutual love 0 fir/ k9dl$4 ,^! sweet mus+s are at l5g? t]m9at$ by ! ,%ulamite1 :o joyfully rec\nts ! pleas+ rem9isc5ces ( t place4 ,! frequ5t meet+s ( %eph]ds & %eph]desses "u %ady trees1 7vide supra1 *ap4 i4 #g71 (t5 result$ 9 ! =mation ( a sacr$ tie4 ,! solemn v[ ( love 0 !n engrav5 on ! b>k ( ! tree1 z a witness ( _! union4 ,?us ,!ocritus1 ,idyl4 xviii4 #dg1 #dh3-- ' 1 1 1 ' 4 8----& on ! b>k1 ,9 ,doric1 %all be engrav5 = all to m>k1 #8,to me pay hon\r--,i am ,hel5's tree4'0 ,comp>e also ,idyl4 xxiii4 #df2 ,prop]t4 ,i4 xviii4 #bb2 ,virg4 ,ecl4 x4 #ec2 & ,pope1 ,pa/4 iii4 #ff1 #fg4 ,"h ?y "m1 c4 ,conf9em5ts 9 ! op5 air are ( frequ5t occurr5ce 9 ! ,ea/ 7,g54 xv4 #af74 8,!re are 9 ,asia10 says ,dr4 ,*>d9 9 8 manuscript notes1 8l>ge di/ricts 9 :i* no midwives are to be f\nd1 & ev5 if "s live !re !y are little kn[n1 = mo!rs assi/ _! daught]s1 & (t5 female relatives or neighb\rs fill ! place ( ! =m]4 ,9 ,kurman1 ,i saw a woman :o 0 deliv]$ )\t any assi/ance 9 ! op5 fields1 ?ree h\rs f a village1 & to my great surprise1 %e arriv$ n mu* lat] 9 t[n :]e ,i 04 ,! p !re smil$ at my a/oni%m5t1 rem>k+ t simil> cases 7 v frequ5t 9 _! c\ntry40 7,see ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 i4 #ahh2 ,paxton1 ,illu/rations ( ,scripture1 i4 #dfb2 ,kalis* on ,exod4 p4 #ah47 1 to excite1 to move to love1 vide supra1 ii4 #g2 iii4 #e2 viii4 #d4 does n mean conceiv$ !e 7,aquila1 ,s*ult5s1 ,hitzig1 c471 :i* ! ,%ulamite c\ld n "k1 nor plight$1 or engag$ !e1 7,h\bigant1 ,mi*aelis1 ,p]cy1 ,kleuk]1 ,good1 ,williams1 ,boo?royd1 ,magnus1 ,mei]1 c471 :i* is contr>y to ! ,piel signification ( ?is v]b1 b signifies lab\r$ ) !e1 7,sept41 ,syriac1 ,*aldee1 ,ra%i1 ,ra%bam1 ,ibn ,ezra1 ,lu!r1 ,ewald1 ,de ,wette1 ,ges5ius1 ,philippson1 c472 comp>e ,ps4 vii4 #ae1 & ,hupheld 9 loco4 ,to put ^! words into ! m\? ( ! bridegroom z address+ 8 bride1 7,p]cy1 ,good1 ,williams1 ,boo?royd1 ,delitzs*1 ,hitzig1 c471 is contr>y to ! words 9 ! text1 :i* h mascul9e suffixes4 ,! =m is us$ in/ead ( 1 to correspond 9 s\nd ) 9 pause1 vide supra1 iii4 #aa4 1 i4q4 4 ,! ,vulgate1 :i* seems "h to sav\r ( allegorism1 translates 1 ibi corrupta e/ mat] tua1 ibi violata e/ g5itrix tua4 8,! tree10 ! ,roman ,ca?olics expla9 ( ! cross2 8! individual0 excit$ to love "u x1 ! ,g5tiles r$eem$ by ,*ri/ at ! foot ( ! cross2 & 8! defl[]$ & corrupt$ "m0 means1 ! synagogue ( ! ,jews 7! "m ( ! ,*ur*71 :i* 0 corrupt$ by d5y+ & crucify+ ! ,savi\r4 #f4 ,oh1 place me z a seal1 c4 ,t is1 8,let me be ne> & de> to !e40 ,! ,%ulamite1 hav+ %[n h] fai?fulness dur+ a p]iod ( extraord9>y trials1 c\ld n[ look up to ! witness+ tree ) an inw>d satisfaction4 ,x is !re=e v natural t %e %\ld rem9d h] belov$1 9 ! pres5ce ( ?is witness1 ( 8 v[s4 ,9 anci5t times1 :5 ! art ( writ+ 0 conf9$ to a v few1 & writ+ mat]ials 7 n s easily procurable1 r+s or signets1 ) names engrav5 ^u !m1 7 g5]ally us$ z manual signs4 ,?is contrivance = a signature soon became us$ z an ornam5t4 ,p :o c\ld af=d x _h ^! seals or signets made ( silv] or gold1 inlaid ) preci\s /ones4 ,be+ indisp5sable articles ( use1 & highly priz$ z decorations1 !y 7 c>ri$ 9 ! bosom1 susp5d$ f ! neck by a /r+ 7,g54 xxxviii4 #ae71 or 7 worn on ! "r h& 7,j]4 xxii4 #bd2 ,sira* xlix4 #aa71 & ?us became a symbol ( :at is de> & indisp5sable4 ,jehovah himself uses ?is metaphor1 ,j]4 xxii4 #bd3-- 8,?\gh ,coniah1 ! son ( ,jehoiakim1 k+ ( ,judah1 ,7 z a seal on my "r h&1 ,yet ,i w\ld pluck !e !nce40 ,comp4 also ,hag4 ii4 #bc2 ,sira* xvii4 #bb2 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 vi4 #beb2 i4 #ahc2 iv4 #aij2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict42 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit4 s4v4 ,= love is /rong z dea?1 c4 ,true love seizes ) a t5aci\s grasp4 ,l dea?1 x rules ) resi/less sway2 l ,hades1 x is nev] mov$ to give up its object3 nei!r p[] nor pray] c ov]come x4 1 h>d1 firm1 inexorable4 is n jeal\sy 7,sept41 ,vulg41 ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 ,p]cy1 ,kleuk]1 ,good1 ,williams1 c471 b dev\t affection1 ard5t love 7,ewald1 ,ges5ius1 ,de ,wette1 ,noyes1 ,mei]1 ,hitzig1 ,philippson c472 x is "h us$ z an int5sitive t]m = love1 z is evid5t f ! p>allelism & ! connexion4 ,! flames ( ! ,et]nal4 ,^! words are exegetical ( 8flames ( fire20 i4e4 ! flames ( love1 ?\gh hav+ ! same en]gy z ^? ( fire1 are n ( ! same orig92 !y emanate f ! ,et]nal1 ! s\rce ( all love4 ,:e!r1 ) ,b5 ,a%]1 we read 1 conjo9tly1 l 1 ,j]4 ii4 #ca2 or ) ,b5 ,naphtali1 1 sep>ately1 :i* is foll[$ by mo/ editions1 ,ra%i1 ,ibn ,ezra1 & ! majority ( mod]n critics1 & :i* is requir$ by ! p>allelism2 ?is pr$icate does n /ate t ! flames ( love are 8mo/ vehem5t10 b affirms t !y emanate f ! ,et]nal4 1 an abbreviation ( 7see ,kalis* on ,exod4 iii4 #ad2 xi4 #b2 ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 s4v471 l 1 ,isa4 xiv4 #ac1 is ! g5itive ( cause or orig94 ,comp4 1 #a ,john iv4 #g4 1 flame1 may ei!r be a quadrilit]al1 =m$ f 1 ,arabic1 to burn1 ) ! ins]tion ( ! aft] ! fir/ radical1 accord+ to ! analogy ( 1 viol5t heat1 7,ps4 ii4 #f71 f ! root 1 to be hot2 or1 :i* is m probable1 is ! ,%aphel conjugation ( 1 to burn4 ,fr/1 ,lexicon1 s4v42 ,ges54 #ee1 #f2 ,ewald1 #abb a4 ,! ,sept4 has 1 4 ,t ! orig9al read+ ( ! text 0 7,ewald1 ,dpke1 ,hitzig1 c47 is purely conjectural4 #g4 ,floods _c qu5* love4 ,be+ a flame ( cele/ial orig9 no t]re/rial influ5ce1 h[ev] great1 c de/roy or wa% x away2 x is n subject$ to means resort$ to = ! ext9ction ( ord9>y fires4 1 prop4 mu* wat]1 i4e4 a great quantity ( x 7,numb4 xx4 #aa71 floods4 1 to wa%1 or sweep away1 ,job xiv4 #ai2 ,isa4 xxviii4 #ag4 ,if "o %\ld (f] all1 c4 ,su* div9e love spontane\sly fl[s f ! he>t1 & _c be pur*as$ ) money2 ?\gh "o (f]$ all 8 ri*es = x1 !y w\ld be utt]ly despis$4 ,?is affirmation1 :il/ true 9 itself1 is levell$ aga9/ ! k+1 :o attempt$ to ga9 love by flatt]ies & praises 7vide supra1 i4 #aa2 vi4 #h71 b 0 utt]ly reject$ 7vii4 #aa74 any "o1 "o1 ,g54 xiii4 #af2 ,exod4 xvi4 #bi2 ,ges54 #abb1 ,rem4 #b4 1 ! inf9itive absolute1 is employ$ be=e ! f9ite v]b 1 to express int5sity1 ,g54 xliii4 #c2 #a ,sam4 xx4 #f2 ,ges54 #aca1 #c a2 ,ewald1 #bhj b4 1 ! ?ird p]son plural1 is us$ = ! passive1 see supra1 *ap4 viii4 #a4 #h4 ,our si/] is /ill "y1 c4 ,! bro!rs are "h introduc$1 on ! arrival ( ! ,%ulamite1 z repeat+ ! promise :i* !y _h once giv5 to _! si/] if %e kept virtu\s1 &1 :5 esp\s$1 rema9$ true to h] v[s4 ,"o ( ! bro!rs inquires ( ! o!rs :at !y %\ld d = ! ,%ulamite :5 %e rea*$ womanhood1 & is dem&$ 9 m>riage4 1 i4q4 1 our si/]1 & is well r5d]$ by ! ,sept4 1 ! ,vulg4 soror no/ra1 ,lu!r1 uns]e ,s*we/]4 ,! adjective 1 l 1 prop4 d5ot+ size1 is also us$ ) ref]5ce to age4 ,g54 ix4 #bd2 xxvii4 #ae2 ,judg4 xv4 #b4 1 i4e4 %e has n yet rea*$ pub]ty4 1 :51 ,g54 ii4 #d4 1 to speak =1 to dem& 9 m>riage1 #a ,sam4 xiii4 #i2 xxv4 #ci4 #i4 ,if %e be l a wall1 c4 ,to ?is inquiry ! second bro!r repli$1 t if1 hav+ rea*$ t age1 %e %\ld firmly resi/ e allurem5t z a battlem5t resi/s ! attack ( an enemy1 !y w\ld decorate h] z an impregnable wall2 i4e4 highly rew>d h]4 ,! expression 8wall0 is figuratively us$ = impregnability1 ,j]4 ii4 #ah2 s ,immanuel1 4 ,! silv] turret "h m5tion$ mo/ probably ref]s to ! silv] horn1 a highly priz$ ornam5t :i* wom5 we> on _! heads4 8,"o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y p>ts ( ! attire ( _! females0 7,druses ( ,lebanon71 says ,dr4 ,macmi*ael1 8is a silv] horn1 sometimes /udd$ ) jewels1 worn on ! head 9 v>i\s positions1 di/+ui%+ diff]5t conditions4 ,a m>ri$ woman has x affix$ to ! "r side ( ! head1 a wid[ to ! left1 & a virg9 is po9t$ out by its be+ plac$ on ! v cr[n4 ,ov] ?is silv] projection ! long veil is ?r[n1 ) :i* !y s completely conceal _! faces z to r>ely h m ?an "o eye 7vide supra1 *ap4 iv4 #i71 visible40 ,comp4 also ,b[r+1 ,report on ,syria1 p4 #h4 ,b if %e be l a door1 c4 ,t is1 accessible 7vide supra1 *ap4 iv4 #ab71 %e %all be b>ricad$ ) c$> planks--be puni%$ by be+ lock$ up4 ,! ^w 8door0 is metaphorically us$ = op5 to s$uction4 ,! c$> wood is m5tion$ because x is exce$+ly /rong1 & increases ! idea ( /rict vigilance4 ,simil>ly ,immanuel1 1 4 #aj4 ,i am a wall1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite n[ triumphantly responds1 t %e _h prov$ impregnable z a wall1 & _h n[ rea*$ womanhood1 & !re=e ! promis$ rew>d 0 due to h]4 1 i4q4 1 ,ezek4 xvi4 #g1 is well expla9$ by ,ra%bam1 1 my "t = m>riage has arriv$1 & is an answ] to 1 9 ! prec$+ v]se4 ,!n ,i 0 9 8 eyes1 c4 ,t is1 9 h] bro!r's eyes4 ,he n[1 be+ conv9c$ ( 8 si/]'s *a/ity1 gave h] ! rew>d ( virtue4 ,! suffix 9 1 8 eyes1 does n ref] to ,solomon 7,ewald1 ,hitzig1 ,philippson1 c471 ^: "n has n be5 m5tion$1 b to ! bro!r 7,ibn ,ezra1 c471 :o la/ spoke4 1 peace1 has no ref]5ce to ! "n 1 b is us$ 9 ! s5se ( 1 fav\r1 & ref]s to *ap4 i4 #f2 comp4 ,g54 xxxiv4 #g ) v]4 #aa4 #aa4 ,solomon _h a v9ey>d1 c4 ,hav+ be5 oblig$1 :5 dem&+ h] promis$ rew>d1 to describe h] virtue z an impregnable wall1 ! ,%ulamite n[ relates m circum/antially h[ %e _h resi/$ ! attempt to ga9 h] affections4 ,solomon _h a l>ge v9ey>d 9 ,baal-hammon1 :i* he (f]$ to consign to h] if %e grant$ 8 reque/2 b ! ,%ulamite refus$ 8 (f]1 tell+ him he might keep 8 l>ge e/ate to himself1 = %e 0 q satisfi$ ) h] humble possession4 ,_m are ! conjectures haz>d$ z to ! locality ( ,baal-hammon1 :i* occurs n[h]e else1 & no place is kn[n by ?is "n4 ,x is tak5 = ,baal-,gad1 or ,heliopolis 7,ros5mll]1 ,bib4 ,geog4 ii4 p4 #bec71 = 1 ,hammon1 a place 9 ! tribe ( ,a%]1 ,jo%4 xix4 #bh 7,ewald71 & = or 1 ,belamon or ,balamon1 a place m5tion$ 9 ! book ( ,judi?1 viii4 #c1 n f> f ! pla9 ( ,esdraelon1 ,judi? iii4 #i 7,mei]1 ,hitzig74 ,x is1 h[ev]1 m probable1 accord+ to ,ra%i1 t ,baal-hammon 0 9 or ne> ,j]usalem1 & 0 call$ 1 place ( ! multitude1 because its beauties & *>ms attract$ a multitude ( p1 ?us pres5t+ a great] temptation = ! ,%ulamite4 ,! ,vulgate /rangely r5d]s 1 v9ea fuit pacifico 9 ea1 quae habet populos4 ,he let out ! v9ey>d1 c4 ,?is is int5d$ to %[ ! value ( ! v9ey>d4 ,x 0 s ext5sive t x 0 leas$ out to a numb] ( t5ants1 & e "o ( !m paid a ?\s& %ekels annually1 & yet _h two hundr$ %ekels left = himself4 1 an indef9ite numb] ( keep]s or f>m]s4 ea*1 vide supra1 v]4 #g4 ,! suffix 9 1 8 fruit1 ref]s to 1 v9ey>d1 :i* is mascul9e4 1 silv]1 /&s = 1 silv] %ekel3 sub/antives d5ot+ weight1 measure1 or "t1 are frequ5tly omitt$4 ,g54 xx4 #af2 xxxvii4 #bh2 ,acts xix4 #i2 ,ges54 #abj1 #d1 ,rem4 #b2 ,ewald1 #bhg i4 ,! am\nt ( a %ekel is suppos$ to be ab\t two %ill+s & sev5p5ce4 ,! %ekel ( ! sanctu>y1 h[ev]1 l all ! weights & measures ( ! ,temple1 0 comput$ at d\ble ! ord9>y4 ,see ,ezek4 xlv4 #ab2 #a ,k+s x4 #ag2 comp4 ) #b ,*ron4 ix4 #af2 ,mi%na1 ,%ekalim1 ,maas] ,%5i2 ,w9]1 ,bib4 ,dict4 s4v4 ,a ?\s& %ekels1 !re=e1 w\ld be ab\t "o hundr$ & ?irty p\nds4 ,rememb]+ t ea* ( ^! f>m]s _h to pay ?is sum annually1 & t money 9 ^? days _h fifte5 or tw5ty1 nay1 accord+ to ,mi*aelis 7,mos4 ,re*4 #bdc71 fifty times its pres5t value1 we %all be able to judge ( ! allurem5t :i* ?is ample e/ate (f]$4 #ab4 ,i w keep my own v9ey>d1 c4 ,& yet1 not)/&+ all ?is1 ! ,%ulamite pref]s to keep h] little v9ey>d1 & be ) h] belov$ %eph]d1 r ?an unfai?fully give him up = ri*es & hon\rs4 1 my own v9ey>d1 ! v9ey>d :i* belongs to me2 vide supra1 *ap4 i4 #f4 lit4 is be=e me2 x is m9e1 & ,i w keep x3 ?is is obvi\s f ! imm$iately foll[+ 1 ?9e1 keep ?\ x4 ,! words are to be tak5 z an exclamatory phrase1 ,ewald1 #cbi a4 is "h us$ collectively = all ! ?\s&s put toge!r1 :i* come 9 annually f ! f>m]s2 s 1 ! two hundr$s4 ,! ,vulgate translates "h aga9 ! prop] 1 mille tui pacifici4 #ac4 ,o ?\ t dwelle/ 9 ! g>d5s1 c4 ,! companions ( ! %eph]d1 :o _h manife/$ _! joy at ! successful arrival ( ! happy pair 7vide supra1 v]4 #e71 & rejoice t "o ( _! humble occupation has br\ght su* hon\r ^u ! :ole class1 visit ! ,%ulamite1 to he> f h] own m\? h] av[$ atta*m5t to h] belov$4 ,! %eph]d1 !re=e1 reque/s h] to gratify ?is desire4 ,%e is no m 1 sitt+ 9 ! ap>tm5ts ( ! k+1 vide supra1 *ap4 i4 #d1 b has ! hon\rable appellation ( 1 dwell+ 9 ! g>d5s4 1 companions1 i4e4 my companions1 fell[-%eph]ds1 i4 #h4 #ad4 ,ha/e1 ,o my belov$1 c4 ,! ,%ulamite complies ) ! reque/4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( all1 %e calls ! %eph]d h] belov$1 & tells him always to ha/5 to h] ) ! spe$ ( ! swift-foot$ gazelle2 vide supra ii4 #i1 #ag4 ,he has no m to cross 8! m\nta9s ( sep>ation0 7see ii4 #ag71 = !y are unit$4 ,^! rugg$ m\nta9s h n[ giv5 place to ! mu*-wi%$-= aromatic hills1 iv4 #f4 ,,footnotes #a 4 1 4 ,z ! phrase 1 pollut+ ! h&s1 has rec5tly be5 quot$ by ,dr4 ,davidson 7,! ,text ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 c4 p4 #gif71 9 direct contr>iety to its mean+1 we %all "h give an explanation ( x4 ,let x be obs]v$1 t 9 ! ,mi%na1 :5ce ! above passage is quot$1 ! phrase is appli$ to all ! ,holy ,scriptures 7 74 ,! reason ( ?is is giv5 9 ! ,talmud1 7,sabba?1 #ad a17 :]e ! "q is ask$1 :y ,holy ,writ is reckon$ among ! eighte5 subjects :i* are decre$ z pollut+ ! h&s8 ,! answ] !re giv5 is1 because ! ,!ruma-food & ! ,?orah1 bo? be+ reg>d$ z holy1 us$ to be plac$ ne> ea* o!r4 ,:5 x 0 aft]w>ds discov]$ t ! sacr$ books 7 !reby expos$ to dang] 7damage by mice71 ! ,rabb9s decre$ t !y %\ld h5ce=? be reg>d$ z unclean1 9 ord] to prohibit !m f com+ 9 contact ) ^? sacr$ eatables4 ,h5ce ! decree 1 all ,holy ,scripture pollutes ! h&s1 :i* exclusively applies to holy1 i4e4 inspir$ books4 ,:]ev]1 !re=e1 x is said t a book is 1 pollut+ ! h&s1 x affirms t x is canonical2 & :5 x is said 1 x does n pollute ! h&s1 x means t ! book is n canonical4 ,?us we are told 1 8! ,song ( ,songs pollutes ! h&s because x is inspir$40 ,& ( ! non-canonical 1 8,! book ( ! ,son ( ,sira*1 & all ! books writt5 f t "t & aft]w>ds1 d n pollute ! h&s40 #b ,baba ,ba?ra1 #ad4 #c ,eusebius1 ,hi/4 ,eccl4 iv4 #bf4 #d ,= a full elucidation ( ?is v]se1 see ,h5d]son1 8,div9e ,inspiration10 pp4 #bai-bbd4 #e ,see ,ges5ius1 ,lexicon 9 voce4 #f ,h]odotus1 i4 #aif4 #g lian1 ,v4 ,h4 iv4 #a4 ,/rabo1 xvi4 #gde4 #h ,hom]1 ,odyss4 viii4 #cah1 c42 ,pausanias1 iii4 #ab1 #b4 #i ,tacitus1 ,g]m4 xviii4 #aj ,mi*aelis1 ! ,laws ( ,moses1 #he2 ,ros5mll]1 ,ori5t4 i4 p4 #acb1 c42 ,grant's ,ne/orians1 p4 #bad2 ,p]k9s1 ,eight ,ye>s 9 ,p]sia1 p4 #bcf4 #aa ,e/4 ii4 #c1 #ad1 #ae2 iv4 #d2 ,joseph4 ,ant4 lib4 xv4 c4 #g1 #d4 #ab ,plut>*'s ,lives4 ,!mi/ocles4 #ac ,alex&]1 ,hi/ory ( ,wom51 ,introd4 p4 vii4 #ad ,lane1 ,arabian ,nights1 ,vol4 ,i4 pp4 #ch1 #ci4 #ae ,euripides1 ,iphi4 9 ,aulis4 #af ,ant4 lib4 iv4 c4 #h1 #ae4 #ag ,hilo*o? ,edu?1 c4 ix4 #a4 #ah ,?is is ! date accord+ to ,ari/obulus1 :i* has1 h[ev]1 be5 que/ion$4 ,see ,frankel1 ,vor/udi5 zu d] ,septuag9ta2 ,de ,wette1 ,e9leitung1 #dj1 #da2 ,h]zog1 ,real-,encyklopdie fr prote/antis*e ,!ologie1 art4 ,alex&r9is*e ,bibelb]setzung2 ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit41 "u ,septuag9t4 #ai ,hv]nick's ,e9leitung ,dritt] ,!il1 p4 #dge4 #bj ,ewald1 p4 #cd4 ,dpke1 philologis*-critis*] ,comm5t> zum ,hoh5li$e1 p4 #cd4 #ba ,vide ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit41 art4 ,wisdom ( ,jesus2 ,de ,wette1 ,e9leitung1 #caf4 #bb ,keil1 9 ,hv]nick's ,e9leitung ,dritt] ,!il1 p4 #dgf4 #bc ,das ,hoheli$ ,salomonis1 p4 #bed4 #bd ,vide ,kitto1 ,cyclop4 ,bib4 ,lit41 "u1 ,wisdom ( ,solomon2 ,de ,wette1 ,e9leitung1 #cad4 #be ,ros5mll]1 ,s*olia1 p4 #bgj1 sqq4 ,delitzs*1 ,das ,hoheli$1 p4 #ff4 #bf ,cont4 ,apion4 #a4 #h4 #bg ,kleuk]1 ,samlung d] ,g$i*te ,salomon's1 p4 #ed4 ,h5g/5b]g1 p4 #bee4 #bh ,vide ,/u>t on ! ,old ,te/am5t ,canon1 sect4 #ab1 p4 #bde4 ,davidson's ,edit4 ,h5d]son1 ,div9e ,inspiration1 p4 #cdi4 #bi ,succa ad f94 #cj ,tora? ,cohanim4 ,tosif?a ,synh$r91 c4 #g4 ,abo? di ,r4 ,na?an1 c4 #bg4 ,graetz1 ,ges*i*te d] ,jud51 ,dritt] ,b&1 p4 #baa4 #ca ,vide ,jo/1 ,allgeme9e ,ges*i*te des ,israelitis*5 ,volkes 7#ahej71 ,zweit] ,b&1 pp4 #fc1 #acj1 sqq4 #aec1 ,graetz1 ,ges*i*te d] ,jud51 ,dritt] ,b&1 p4 #baj4 ,vi]t] ,b&1 pp4 #bdc-bdf1 #dda-ddc1 #ddf1 #dgc4 ,zunz1 ,vortrge1 p4 #eb4 #cb 3 3 4 4 #cc ,daily ,bible ,illu/rations1 ! ,song ( ,songs1 p4 #ddi4 #cd ,e9leitung 9 das ,alte ,te/am5t1 ,zweite ,auflage1 ,er/] ,!il1 ,er/e ,ab!ilung1 #hb1 p4 #dja4 #ce ,! ,hebrew ^w 1 consi/+ ( two #bj1 & #ej1 caus$ ?is explanation4 ,?is mode ( int]pretation is call$ 1 ,gematria1 1 ea* lett] ( ! ^w be+ tak5 accord+ to its num]ical value & ! text int]pret$ accord+ly4 #cf ,?is int]pretation is d]iv$ f r$uc+ ! ^w to its num]ical value1 #bb4 ,see note on v]se #a4 #cg ,vide supra1 p4 #bf4 #ch ,hi]os4 ,b]a*4 p4 #c4 b4 #ci ,vide supra1 p4 #bf4 #dj ,ibid4 p4 #bh4 #da ,comp4 ,wolfii ,bibl4 ,rabb94 ,vol4 i4 pp4 #icb-icf2 ,ewald und ,dukes1 ,beitrge zur ,ges*i*te d] ,alt5 ,auslegung und ,spra*]klrung des ,alt5 ,te/am5tes1 ,zweites ,bnd*51 p4 #e1 seqq4 ,we mu/ confess t ,dukes' argum5ts1 "h produc$ aga9/ ! g5u95ess ( ?is comm5t>y1 appe> inconclusive4 ,su* an allegorical exposition is j :at might h be5 expect$ f ,saadias1 judg+ f 8 pr$ilection = ,rabb9isms & allegoris+1 :i* appe>s 9 8 translation ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,moreov]1 does n necess>ily imply comm5t>ies writt5 be=e ,saadias1 b may ref] to ! op9ions ( "s ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 probable t ! translator ( x into ,hebrew has omitt$ "s v]bal explanations1 deem+ !m unnecess>y = 8 purpose4 #db 1 4 1 #dc ,vide ,sa*s1 ,religise ,poesie d] ,jud5 9 ,spani51 p4 #bfg4 ,zunz1 die ,synagogale ,poesie des ,mittelalt]s1 pp4 #fc1 #fd4 #dd ,?is ref]s to ! giv+ ( ! ,law1 & ,god's speak+ face to face4 ,comp>e ! ,*aldee on ! v]se4 #de ,?r\gh receiv+ ! law ,israel 0 ano9t$1 i4e41 became wise1 & ! fame ( _! wisdom 0 diffus$ abroad4 ,comp>e ,saadias on ! passage4 #df i4e41 ,let ! guid+ ,pill> allure u 9 ! pa? ( ob$i5ce4 #dg i4e41 ,sw>?y ?r\gh ! s9 ( ! calf1 comely ?r\gh ! reception ( ! ,law4 ,comp>e ! ,*aldee4 #dh ,zunz1 ,zeits*rift fr die ,wiss5s*aft des ,jud5?ums1 #ahbc1 p4 #bgb1 seqq4 ,jo/1 ,allgeme9e ,ges*i*te des ,israelitis*5 ,volkes1 ,zweit] ,b&1 p4 #cgd4 #di ,introduction to ! ,comm5t>y4 #ej ,introduction to ! ,comm5t>y4 #ea ,comm5t> zu ,kohelot und dem ,hoh5 ,li$e von ,r4 ,samuel b5 ,mei] h]ausgegeb5 von ,adolph ,jell9eck4 ,leipz4 #ahee4 ,?is ,comm5t>y has j be5 publi%$ = ! fir/ "t1 edit$ by ! le>n$ ,adolph ,jell9eck1 :o con/antly enri*es ! ,hebrew lit]ature by br++ be=e ! public "s anci5t writ+s4 #eb ,see ,zunz1 zur ,lit]atur und ,ges*i*te1 i4 #gj1 #ga4 #ec ,introduction to ! ,comm5t>y4 #ed ,see ,rel&1 ,analecta ,rabb9ica1 ,vit celeb]rimorum ,rabb9orum1 p4 #fi-hj4 ,fr/1 ,biblio?4 ,judaica1 i4 p4 #bea-beg4 ,h]zog1 ,real5cyklopdie1 art4 ,ab5 ,ezra4 #ee ,introduction to ! ,second ,gloss4 #ef ,introduction to ! ,fir/ ,gloss4 #eg ,preface to ! ,comm5t>y4 #eh 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 #ei 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 8 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 #fj ,de ,rossi1 pp4 #aad-aag4 ,fr/1 ,bibl4 ,jud41 vol4 i4 pp4 #hb-hd4 #fa 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ,f a ,,ms4 9 ! possession ( ! ,bodleian4 ,opp5heim ,collection1 ,no4 #bfa4 #fb ,de ,rossi1 pp4 #bid1 #bie4 #fc ,fr/1 ,bib4 ,jud4 vol4 i4 p4 #ahg4 #fd ,?is comm5t>y is errone\sly call$ ,tama*'s1 ! euphemic expression 1 i4e4 1 us$ = ! dep>t$1 be+ mi/ak5 = a prop] "n4 ,vide ,fr/1 ,bib4 ,jud4 vol4 ii4 p4 #bdc4 #fe ,ibid4 vol4 i4 p4 #cad4 #ff ,ibid4 vol4 i4 pp4 #da1 #db4 #fg ,vide ,magnus1 ,das ,hohe ,li$ ,salomo's1 p4 #bf4 #fh ,de ,amore dial41 c4 iii4 ,delitzs* im ,lit]aturblatt des ,ori5ts1 #ahdj1 ,no4 #f1 c4 #fi ,melizat ,je%urun4 ,vi5na1 #ahaf4 #gj ,gottesdi5/li*e ,vortrge4 ,b]l91 #ahcb1 p4 #ccd4 #ga #ahcd--;,dr4 ,zunz also wrote a valuable introduction to ,reb5/e9's ,comm5t>y on ! ,song ( ,songs 7,b]l91 #ahcd71 9 :i* he gives a catalogue ( ,hebrew writ]s on ?is book1 exi/+ 9 ,,ms4 ,i am sorry t all my ex]tions to obta9 x h prov$ abortive4 #gb ,vi]t] ,b&41 p4 #cfg4 #gc ,israelitis*e ,bibel1 ,dritt] ,!il4 #ahed1 pp4 #ffj1 #ffa4 #gd ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( ! names ( "s ( ! comm5tators & _! works1 select$ f a l>ge numb] ( au?ors :o h writt5 ^u ?is book1 & :i* we c\ld n analyse 9 our hi/orical sket*4 ,abi-,simra1 7pr9t$1 accord+ to de ,rossi1 at ,con/ant9ople74 ,aff5dopulo1 7,dod ,morde*ai1 c4 #c1 ,vi5na1 #ahcj74 ,allemanno1 4 ,almosn5o1 7,v5ice1 #aeig74 ,arepol1 7,ssafet1 #aegi74 ,asulai1 1 & 7,leghorn1 #ahjj47 ,br4 b4 ,naphtali1 7,am/]dam1 #agbe74 ,b>u* b4 ,isaac1 7,am/]dam1 #agcj74 ,birs1 7,grodno1 #agig74 ,*iquitilla1 9 ,,ms4 ,coh51 7,v5ice1 #afeg74 ,eliez] b4 ,judah1 7,lubl91 #afjh74 ,elijah b4 ,salomon-,abraham1 1 9 ,,ms4 ,g5sburg1 7,hamburg1 #agjh74 ,jaabez1 79 ,frankfurt]'s ,bible1 ,am/]dam1 #agbd-bg74 ,ibn ,jaehaj 79 ! ,am/]dam ,rab4 ,bible1 #agbd74 ,ibn ,jai%1 7,con/ant9ople1 #aegf74 ,jacob b4 ,isaac1 7,b]l91 #agji74 ,jacob b4 ,joel1 7,altona1 #agbg74 ,jacob-,lissa1 7,dyrh5furt1 #ahae-ai74 ,joseph-,jossel1 7,w&sbeck1 #agbg74 ,k>a1 9 ,,ms4 ,dav4 ,kim*i1 9 ,,ms4 ,l&sb]g]1 7,(f5ba*1 #agbd74 ,l&o1 7,v5ice1 #afai74 ,lib[itz]1 7,korez1 #agia71 ,loanz1 surnam$ ,baal ,%em1 7,basle1 #afjf74 ,lw b4 ,jo%ua1 7,wilm]sdorf1 #afgd74 ,saul ,lw1 7,am/]dam1 #aggh74 ,mey] 7,frank=t on ! ,ma91 #afgi74 ,solomon ,ibn ,mele*1 7,am/]dam1 #affa74 ,salomon b4 ,jacob 7,prague1 #afbh74 #ge ,orig5es ,selecta 9 ,psalmos #a4 ,hi]onymus ,apologia adv]sus ,ruf9um4 ,see on ?is subject ,frankel1 ,monats*rift1 #aheb1 p4 #bai1 & ,graetz1 ,ges*i*te d] ,jud51 ,vi]t] ,b&1 p4 #bgi4 #gf ,davidson1 ,introduction to ! ,old ,te/am5t1 c41 p4 #gij4 #gg ,comp4 ,hi]onymus ad ,pama*ium2 ,prefacio 9 ,p>alipom5a1 9 ,tobiam1 9 ,job4 ,to 8 +ratitude & bitt] vitup]ations aga9/ ! ,jews1 ?is p may trace _m ( _! subsequ5t suff]+s f s-call$ ,*ri/ians4 7,com4 ,hi]o4 adv]sus ,ruf9um ii41 ,graetz1 ,ges*i*te d] ,jud51 ,vi]t] ,b&1 p4 #dfb47 #gh ,b]n>di ,op]4 vol4 ii4 7,p>is1 #agai71 p4 #bgf1 et seqq4 #gi 8,ecclesia humilis et abjecta int] ho/es saeculi1 et hoc fuit usque ad tempus ,con/ant9i40 #hj ,comm5t4 9 ,cant4 ,canticor4 #ha ,homil4 xxxii4 #hb ,bib4 ,sac41 book vi4 ha]4 xiii4 p4 #ffd4 #hc ,an ,exposition ^u ! ,book ( ,canticles4 ,london1 #afbd1 p4 #b4 #hd ,a ,comm5t>y on ! ,canticles4 ,am/]dam1 #afdd1 p4 #b4 #he ,annotations ^u ! ,five ,books ( ,moses1 ! ,book ( ! ,psalms1 & ! ,song ( ,songs 7,london1 #afci71 pp4 #d1 #e4 #hf ,e/ int] ,salomonem et filiam regis ,aegypti1 int]loqu5tibus etiam *oris duobus tum juv5um tum virg9um1 qui 9 proximis ?alamo locis excubabant4 ,nupti>um arcana sub hone/is v]borum involucris hic lat5t3 quae etiam causa e/1 cur ,hebraei vet]es hunc librum legi nolu]9t nisi a jam conjugio proximis4 ,cr$itur autem ,salomon1 quo magis p]5n>et hoc scriptum1 ea arte id composuisse1 ut s9e multa di/orsione 9 eo inv5iri poss5t2 quae ,dei amorem adv]sus populum ,israeliticum exprim]5t2 quod et s5sit et o/5dit ,*aldaeus hic p>aphra/es1 nec alit] accepit ,maimonides4 ,ille autem amor typus cum fu]it amoris ,*ri/i erga ecclesiam1 ,*ri/iani +5ia sua ad applic&a ad eam rem hujus c>m9is v]ba ex]cu]unt laudabili /udio4 ,nam et ,apo/oli ,*ri/i cum ecclesia conjunctionem matrimonio comp>av]ant4 ,eph4 v4 #cb2 #b ,cor4 ii4 #b2 ,apoc4 vii4 #h4 ,annot4 9 ,vet4 ,te/4 #hg ,vide ,op]a ,cocceii1 ,tom4 viii4 fol4 ,am/el4 ,tom4 ii4 ,synopsis et ,m$ulla prophet4 ,cantici4 #hh ,a brief ,exposition ( ! :ole book ( ,canticles 7,london1 #afdh71 p4 #d4 #hi ,a ,comm5t>y ^u ! ,book ( ,prov]bs1 ,ecclesia/es1 & ! ,song ( ,songs 7,london1 #afej71 pp4 #agd1 #age4 #ij ,comm4 ,apocalypticus 9 ,canticum ,canticorum1 #afhh4 #ia ,praef4 9 ,cant4 ,p>is1 #afic4 #ib ,p>aphrase & ,annotations on ! ,song ( ,songs1 9 loco4 #ic ,preface to ! ,exposition ( ! ,song ( ,solomon4 #id ,clavis ,cantici1 or an ,exposition ( ! ,song ( ,solomon 7,ed9burgh1 #agbc71 pp4 #aa1 #ab4 #ie ,exposition1 pp4 #ajc1 #ajf4 #if ,a ,supplem5t to ,:i/on's late ,essay t[>ds re/or+ ! true text ( ! ,old ,te/am5t 7,london1 #agbc71 pp4 #e1 #g4 #ig ,an ,exposition ( ! book ( ,solomon's ,song1 c4 7,london1 #ahed71 p4 #aj4 #ih ,see ,lectures on ! ,sacr$ ,poetry ( ! ,hebrews1 ,lect4 xxx42 p4 #cde1 ,gregory's ,translation1 ,?ird ,edition4 #ii ,preface to ! ,song ( ,solomon1 newly translat$ f ! orig9al ,hebrew1 ) a ,comm5t>y & ,annotations1 ,london1 #agfd4 #ajj ,explanatory ,notes ^u ! ,old ,te/am5t1 by ,john ,wesley1 7,bri/ol1 #agfe47 ,vol4 ,,iii4 p4 #aibf4 #aja ,! ,outl9es ( a new ,comm5t>y on ,solomon's ,song1 ,london1 #agfh2 second edition1 #agge1 pp4 #gd1 #ge1 #ha4 #ajb ,notes to ,bi%op ,l[?'s ,praelectiones4 #ajc ,das dur* e9e lei*te und ungekn/elte ,erklrung von se95 ,vorwrf5 g]ettete ,hoheli$1 #agga4 #ajd ,vide supra1 pp4 #df1 #ef4 #aje ,critical ,rem>ks on ,job1 ,prov]bs1 ,ecclesia/es1 & ,canticles1 #aggb4 #ajf ,ums*reibung des ,hoh5li$es1 od] die ,geme9e mit ,*ri/o und d5 ,engeln im ,grabe1 neb/ &]n biblis*5 ,erklrung54 ,h]ausgegeb5 von ,d4 ,conrad ,he9ri* ,runge4 ,brem51 #aggf4 #ajg ,salomon's ,li$] d] ,liebe1 c4 ,h]d]'s ,smmtli*e ,w]ke 9 vi]zig ,bnd51 ,dritt] ,b&1 pp4 #hb1 #hc4 ,/uttg>t und ,tb+51 #aheb4 #ajh ,sammlung d] ,g$i*te ,salomons1 c4 ,hamm1 #aghj4 #aji ,a poetical ,translation ( ! ,song ( ,solomon1 ,london1 #agha4 #aaj ,solomon's ,song1 translat$ f ! ,hebrew1 by ,b]n>d ,hodgson1 ,,ll4,d4 ,pr9cipal ( ,h]t=d ,college1 ,ox=d1 #aghf4 #aaa ,vide supra1 p4 #eh4 #aab ,neue/e ,ueb]setzung des ,hoh5 ,li$es1 ,basel1 #aghi2 see ,magnus1 ,comm5t1 p4 #bf4 #aac ,salomon's v]s*mhte ,liebe1 od] die belohnte ,treue4 ,leipzig1 #agij4 #aad ,! ,song ( ,songs1 a new translation1 ) a ,comm5t>y & ,notes4 ,london1 #ahja1 pp4 #ed1 #ee4 #aae ,song ( ,songs1 c41 translat$ f ! orig9al ,hebrew1 ) ,notes1 critical & explanatory4 ,london1 #ahjc1 ,preface pp4 xii4 xiii4 xiv4 #aaf ,das ,hoheli$1 9 e9] no* unv]su*t5 ,deutung4 ,freyburg1 #ahjc4 #aag ,li$ d] ,liebe1 das lte/e und s*n/e aus dem ,morg5l&e4 ,gtt+51 #ahbj1 second edition1 #ahbh1 pp4 #bj1 #ba4 #aah ,das ,hoheli$1 e9 ,collectiv-,gesang auf ,s]ubabel1 ,ezra und ,nehemia1 als die ,wi$]h]/ell] e9] ,jdis*5 ,v]fassung 9 d] ,prov9z ,juda4 ,erlang51 #ahbe4 #aai ,das ,hoheli$ ,salomo's b]setzt mit ,e9leitung1 ,anm]kung51 c4 ,gtt+51 #ahbf4 #abj ,philologis*-critis*] ,comm5t> zum ,hoh5 ,li$e ,salomo's4 ,leipzig1 #ahbi4 #aba ,ros5mll]1 ,s*olia1 ix4 #b1 p4 #bgj4 #abb ,script4 ,te/4 to ! ,messiah1 vol4 i4 book i4 *ap4 ii4 note ,a2 & ,congregational ,magaz9e = #ahcg1 p4 #dae4 #abc ,congregational ,magaz9e = #ahcg & #ahch4 #abd ,= #ahch1 p4 #dga1 et seq4 #abe ,das ,li$ d] ,li$] od] ,sieg d] ,treue4 ,zri*1 #ahdj4 #abf ,kritis*e ,be>beitung und ,erklrung des ,hoh5 ,li$es ,salomo's4 ,halle1 #ahdb4 #abg ,critical ,hi/ory & ,def5ce ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ,canon1 p4 #cfj1 ed4 ,davidson4 #abh ,a ,new ,translation ( ! ,prov]bs1 ,ecclesia/es1 & ! ,canticles4 ,bo/on1 #ahdf1 p4 #aai4 #abi ,ibid4 p4 #acb4 #acj ,article 9 ! ,biblical ,repository = ,april1 #ahdg1 repr9t$ 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,sacr$ ,lit]ature = #aheb1 p4 #cch4 #aca ,hv]nick's ,e9leitung 9 das ,alte ,te/am5t4 ,dritt] ,!il1 p4 #ejd4 #acb ,das ,hoheli$ unt]su*t und ausgelegt von ,franz ,delitzs*4 ,leipzig1 #ahea1 pp4 #ca1 #age4 #acc ,das ,hohe ,li$ von ,salomo1 b]setzt und erklrt von ,he9ri* ,augu/us ,hahn4 ,breslau1 #aheb1 p4 #g4 #acd ,das ,hohe ,li$ ,salomonis ausgelegt von ,w4 ,h5g/5b]g4 ,b]l91 #ahec1 p4 #bci4 #ace ,a ,comm5t>y on ! ,song ( ,solomon1 by ! ,rev4 ,george ,burr[es1 ,pr(essor 9 ,lafayette ,college1 ,ea/on1 ,pa4 ,philadelphia1 #ahec1 pp4 #hg-ij4 #acf ,das ,hohe ,li$ 9 deuts*] ,ueb]setzung1 ,erklrung1 und kritis*] ,textausgabe1 von ,ern/ ,mei]1 ,pr(essor d] ,morg5lndis*5 ,spra*54 ,tb+51 #ahed4 #acg ,cantici ,canticorum poetica =ma2 diss]tatio ,erne/i ,fr$4 ,fri$ri*4 ,knigsb]g1 #ahee4 #ach ,das ,hohe ,li$ erklrt von ,f]d4 ,hitzig4 #afte ,lief]ung des ,kurzgef4 exegetis*5 ,h&bu*'s zum ,alt5 ,te/am5t4 ,leipzig1 #ahee4 #aci ,monats*rift fr ,ges*i*te und ,wiss5s*aft des ,jud5?ums1 h]ausgegeb5 vom ,ob]rabb9] ,dr4 ,frankel4 ,leipzig1 #ahef1 p4 #bae1 et seq4 #adj ,ges*i*te d] poetis*5 ,national-,lit]atur d] ,hebrer von ,dr4 ,ern/ ,mei]4 ,leipzig1 #ahef1 p4 #bae1 et seq4 #ada ,! ,text ( ! ,old ,te/am5t consid]$1 c41 by ,samuel ,davidson1 ,d4,d4 ,london1 #ahef1 p4 #hjf4 #adb ,h]zog's ,real-,encyklopdie fr prote/antis*e ,!ologie und ,kir*e4 ,/uttg>t1 #ahef1 vol4 vi4 p4 #bbj4 #adc ,/u>t1 ,critical ,hi/ory & ,def5ce ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ,canon1 pp4 #cdb1 #cdc1 ed4 ,davidson4 #add ,song ( ,songs1 c41 ,preface1 p4 #ai4 #ade ,an ,article on ,solomon's ,song1 by ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,e4 ,/[e1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,biblical ,lit]ature1 repr9t$ 9 ,kitto's ,j\rnal ( ,sacr$ ,lit]ature1 #aheb1 pp4 #cca1 #ccb4 #adf ,reply to ,dr4 ,pye ,smi?1 ,congregational ,magaz9e = #ahch1 pp4 #adh1 #adi4 #adg ,praef4 9 ,canticum ,canticorum1 uvres1 tom4 i4 p4 #dfg1 #dto4 edit4 #adh ,lecture xxxi4 p4 #cej1 ?ird edition4 #adi ,acc\nt ( ! ,mann]s & ,cu/oms ( ! ,mod]n ,egyptians1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bae1 et seqq4 #aej ,! au?or ( ! poem4 ,! s+] sometimes puts 8 own "n 9 ! place ( ?is4 #aea ,t-,h is a "n ( ! ,arabian prophet4 #aeb ,cri%na cont9ues to ?is h\r ! d>l+ god ( ! ,indian wom54 ,! sect ( ,h9doos1 :o adore him ) en?usia/ic & almo/ exclusive devotion1 h broa*$ a doctr9e :i* !y ma9ta9 ) eag]ness1 & :i* seems g5]al 9 ^? prov9ces1 t he 0 di/9ct f all ! ,avat>s1 :o _h only an ansa1 or portion ( 8 div9ity2 :ile ,cri%na 0 ! p]son ( ,vi%nu himself 9 a human =m4--,sir ,w4 ,jones1 ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 vol4 i4 p4 #bfj4 #aec ,noyes1 ,a ,new ,translation ( ! ,prov]bs1 ,ecclesia/es1 & ,canticles1 pp4 #acj-acb4 #aed ,hi/oria ,crit4 ,vet4 ,te/4 l4 i4 c4 iv4 p4 #bh4