,transcriber's ,note3 ,italic text is denoted by underscores4 ,,international ,,cartoons ,,of ,,the ,,war ,illustration3 ,,punch1 ,,or ,,the ,,london ,,charivari4--,,august #ab1 #aiad4 ,,bravo1 ,,belgium6 ,,international ,,cartoons ,,of ,,the ,,war ,,selected ,,with ,,an ,,introduction by ,h4 ,,pearl ,,adam ,illustration ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,co4 #fha ,,fifth ,,avenue ,,new ,,york ,the design on the ,cover is reproduced from the ,colour-,plate--,rheims ,cathedral--by ,marcel ,gaillard4 ,that on the ,title-page is reprinted by permission from ,le ,mot1 ,paris4 ,international ,cartoons of the ,war ,,introduction ,,the ,,historian who1 a couple of centuries hence1 tries to get at the real kernel of the great ,war1 will find himself overwhelmed with material1 buried under evidence1 like the great authority on ,penguinia4 ,every doubtful point will be clearly and irrefutably decided for him in at least seven different ways4 ,a burning sense of conviction may be his1 but he will not be sure which conviction it is4 ,the lot of the historian has changed for the worse since the days of ,herodotus4 ,it no longer suffices for an account of a battle to be possible if not probable1 marvellous if not possible1 for it to rank as history2 mankind chose to start on the thorny quest of ,truth1 and is now beginning to see that in every affair there are exactly as many ,truths as there are actors4 ,when the war broke out in ,august1 #aiad1 the curious art of conveying a knowledge of thoughts and fact between two or more human organisms1 the only art or appliance which man has really invented without referring to ,nature--the art of writing--was resorted to on every hand4 ,an unprecedented crop of war books began to sprout from the blood-fertilized fields of ,flanders4 ,men might safely exclaim3 ,mine enemy hath written a book2 they had perforce to add3 ,and so hath each of my friends4 ,they poured from the ,press1 little books and big1 sober and hysterical1 speculative and emotional4 ,after them came the sedate polychromatic procession of ,government literature4 ,along with them flowed the swift and multitudinous efforts of journalism4 ,and in a very short time began those strange enterprises1 at once droll and portentous1 the ,serial ,histories of the ,war4 ,what the great historian will make of all this when his time comes to correlate it1 it is difficult to say4 ,if he feel conscientiously bound to consult contemporary evidence1 there is little hope for him1 unless he takes the bold step of writing a historical novel out of his inner consciousness instead4 ,but there will be at least one unfailing guide for him4 ,the very increase in mechanical processes which contributes to his undoing in the matter of books1 will come to his aid with regard to pictures4 ,every great event since the invention of mechanical reproductive processes has produced its due reflection in the mirror of the artist4 ,the crude old broadsheets told their tale of the ,napoleonic wars more vividly than any historian could2 and the present struggle1 while it slew nearly every other art for the time being1 worked up to fever-pitch the output of pictorial comment4 ,in ,france1 where this form of expression has always been popular1 an unexampled flood of cartoon and caricature poured from artists both celebrated and unknown4 ,other countries followed suit1 in proportion to their national liking for prints2 and the evidence supplied by this mass of international material is as direct and reliable as anyone need demand4 ,,ii4 ,,the ,,value of the contemporary cartoon is very great2 for it deals almost entirely with what people are feeling1 in distinction to what they are doing4 ,it uses their deeds as a mere background to their emotions1 and it is only the emotions which count4 ,what the soldier feels1 the sailor1 the mother at home1 the man in the street--these are the really important things1 for it is these things which are the causes of events4 ,if enough ordinary people want peace at any price1 the ,governments of all the ,states in the world will be powerless to wage war one moment longer2 if enough ordinary people consider their honour involved in fighting to a finish1 emperors and kings and presidents and trade unions and the ,n4,c4,c4 will united be unable to break the smallest twig from the olive4 ,the material of the cartoonist is drawn from sources useless to the writer1 or at best1 of only ephemeral utility4 ,a chance-heard remark1 the expression of a face seen in the street1 the glances turned on a wounded man as he hobbles by on his stick1 the ineptitude of a comment on the day's news--these are the media by which the cartoonist conveys his view of what his country feels4 ,and he has this advantage over the writer--that a well-done drawing is a volume in itself2 in one glance the eye has absorbed the background which a tedious explanation is necessary to convey in words1 and is free to take in the essential meaning of the drawing4 ,a picture appeals as directly to the eye as does a sunset1 or as food to the stomach1 or a soft bed to the tired body4 ,it uses a natural sense1 not a cultivated faculty4 ,cartoons are meant for the man in the street2 they are meant to tell a story1 to convey some feeling or idea rather than to be an artistic rendering of an object or collection of objects4 ,therefore artistic canons apply to them in this limited sense--that while the great cartoonist may and must be as big an artist as he can1 he must first of all remember that he has to explain himself and his subjects1 or he ceases to be a cartoonist at all4 ,a ,futurist ,forain1 a ,cubist ,raemaekers1 are inconceivable because they would be quite useless as cartoonists1 whatever they were as artists4 ,the artistic value of the cartoons issued in all countries--and in some cases it is very great--is a matter for future discussion4 ,it is of no present importance4 ,what is of some actual value is a comparison between the cartoons of the various countries1 for they show with unfailing accuracy the trend of public opinion4 ,from the human point of view this comparison is invaluable to the student of humanity in the present upheaval4 ,from the cheap postcard to the twopenny broadsheet1 from the most commonplace poster to the finest lithograph1 each has its place4 ,to collect these things is not only very interesting1 but most enlightening2 the national spirit and the national moods of each country are unmistakably portrayed1 and the crudest production takes rank with the best as a human document4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,good cause has always produced the good cartoonist--witness the ,napoleonic wars1 when ,england rejoiced in ,gillray and ,rowlandson1 while ,france had no topical draughtsman of any outstanding merit4 ,so far as one can tell1 this is very much the case with the present war4 ,at any rate1 the good cause has produced its good men1 and1 judging by what one can manage to see of ,german caricature1 they have no mind of any large calibre at work on cartoons4 ,this is1 perhaps1 because the greater part of the ,german drawings ,i have seen are intended to rouse hatred1 scorn1 and anger4 ,clever they certainly are1 but too many of them are spiritually debased4 ,the best are those directed against ,england1 which are dedicated to hatred1 a passion greater than scorn or anger1 and consequently more elevating in its effects4 ,otherwise the ,german cartoonist has not distinguished himself1 in the sense that the war has not raised him above himself4 ,this can certainly not be said of ,france1 where a crowd of new men have appeared1 and where the well-known draughtsmen of pre-war days have been roused to unprecedented excellence by their emotions4 ,at least one of them1 ,m4 ,forain1 has made history with his pencil4 ,there came a time1 when the first excitement had died away1 when the victory of the ,marne had for months been followed by stagnation--stagnation in victory1 progress in casualties--a time when no news ever came1 when ,paris was left in a kind of twilight of suspense and endurance1 when the economic pinch began to be acutely felt1 when bereaved wives and mothers were told in the morning that their loved ones were gloriously dead for their country1 and read at night that there is nothing to report on the front2 the night was calm4 ,and for just a moment the human need and sorrow of the individual cried louder than the pride of country4 ,it's very long1 this war6 ,what ,i want to know is1 how much more do they expect us to endure8 ,could defeat be worse than war8 and even the sinister if we win1 were phrases that crept into conversation4 ,it was hardly to be wondered at4 ,france had expended so much energy on her magnificent effort in ,august1 '#ad1 when her very babies bore themselves proudly and with self-control1 that she was bound to feel the reaction4 ,it did not last long1 and it was ,forain who swept it away by a dose of strong tonic4 ,he drew two ,french privates in a trench1 snow and hail and shrapnel raining round them1 in conditions as bad as the most anxious mother's nightmare could have pictured them4 ,and one says3 ,if only they hold out6 ,the other1 with a look of great surprise1 enquires3 ,who8 ,those civilians6 ,in a week that drawing was historic1 and civilian ,france1 with a blush and a laugh1 had pulled herself together4 ,m4 ,forain does not care to have his drawings reproduced1 or this famous cartoon would have been included in this book4 ,nor1 unfortunately1 will ,m4 ,jean ,vber have his cartoons reproduced till after the war1 which deprives us of that ,napoleon of his1 standing on his own tomb and crying ,vive l',angleterre1 which created such a stir on both sides of the ,channel4 ,la ,brte est ,lche1 by the same artist1 is one of the most impressive drawings ,france has produced since the war4 ,published so early as ,september1 '#ad1 it represents the ,prussian monster1 madness and fury in his face1 starting out like an unleashed animal on his career of destruction4 ,this print was the first to indicate the enormous boom in war-drawings which has characterized ,paris4 ,published at #e francs1 it was within a few months unobtainable under #ejj4 ,collectors took the hint1 and the drawings of ,forain1 ,steinlen1 and other well-known artists were eagerly sought after1 and rose to very high premiums4 ,the character of the prints changed2 with the exception of ,m4 ,vber's series1 the greater part of the drawings published outside magazines and newspapers had been cheap1 ranging from threepence to two francs each1 and including some publications of deliberately nave construction and crude colours1 others which achieved without deliberation a startling likeness to the old broadsheets with their childlike simplicity4 ,postcards and prints fairly flooded ,paris in the first few months of the war1 but since the collector appeared on the scene in his dozens the cheaper publications have been displaced by more ambitious works that range up to a hundred francs each1 and have crowded out the smaller artist1 the smaller print-seller1 and the smaller collector4 ,this variety of output has been increased by the publication of many illustrated war-papers in ,paris1 such as ,le ,mot1 l',europe ,anti-,prussienne1 l',anti-,boche1 ,a la ,baonnette1 war editions of already established papers1 and a crop of crude halfpenny papers1 printed after the ,epinal manner1 and greatly used by children and the very low classes4 ,a coloured history of the war1 of extraordinary navet1 issued in penny sheets1 was intended for use in schools1 but achieved an additional success in hospitals1 where the thin sheet was easily held and folded1 and the incidents depicted roused the liveliest interest among the wounded4 ,in the whole of this output it is difficult to find any sign of wavering in the national spirit of ,france4 ,once the civilians had decided to hold out1 there could be no other stumbling-block4 ,naturally1 in such a range of drawings1 there are many that drop into brutality on the one hand1 vulgarity on the other2 but the overwhelming majority breathe a spirit of calm1 determined endurance1 with a ready laugh for hardships1 a sly dig at politicians1 and no little irony at the expense of their own weaknesses and foibles4 ,very often1 so often as to set the key for the whole1 the note is heroic1 sometimes grimly so4 ,there is none of the splenetic fury of the ,german drawings about the majority of the ,french ones2 the ,germans are ridiculed and hated1 it is true1 but the spirit is more steady and less spiteful--it rests on an emotion which for forty-five years has been a religion to the ,frenchman4 ,the ,english cartoons are as different as possible from both the ,french and the ,german4 ,we have no separately published prints1 our postcards have been few1 vulgar1 and negligible2 our cartoonists are really only offered the pages of newspapers and magazines in which to exert their influence over us4 ,and there cannot be two questions as to that influence--it is the influence of good humour4 ,the ,french mistake it sometimes for indifference1 but the ,english know better4 ,the ,germans say they mistake it for frivolity1 but they so foam at the mouth about it that one suspects them of glimpsing the spirit behind the smile4 ,the grim note of ,steinlen and ,forain is almost wholly wanting from ,english cartoons4 ,the ,kaiser1 who is a devil in ,france1 is merely making an unholy fool of himself in ,england2 the ,crown-,prince1 a mass of vice in ,paris1 is an awful silly blighter in ,london4 ,will ,dyson1 the young artist of whom ,australia has such reason to be proud1 is our grimmest product1 and even he lets the ,prussian off more easily than do the ,french artists4 ,because1 after all1 don't you know1 we're going to thrash the brutes1 but there's no need to make a fuss about it1 hang it all4 ,let us have our pipe and our grin1 and let us keep to those till the end4 ,for the ,lord's sake don't let us have any heroics--those are for doing1 not for showing4 ,that is the attitude which one finds over and over again in ,english drawings2 not contempt of danger1 so much as a serene determination to grin at it and have no fuss4 ,punch has come out brilliantly in this particular4 ,allowed by tradition to have two heroic cartoons a week1 the rest of his pages are dedicated to the god of laughter4 ,germany reads ,punch with stupefaction4 ,what1 we not only laugh at the ,germans1 we laugh more at the ,english6 ,extraordinary1 sinister1 effete1 degenerate race6 ,it is true1 we laugh at ourselves far more than at anybody else--and very often it is for that painful but cogent reason1 that we may not weep4 ,perhaps at the front they laugh wholeheartedly at ,punch2 at home it is a different laugh that greets ,tommy in his imperturbable good-humour4 ,in the midst of a hell of fire1 ,tommy says that what with the beastly ,belgian tobacco and the blooming ,french matches1 this'll be the death of him4 ,sitting on the edge of a trench which consists of nothing but mud and water1 in a fearful downpour1 he remarks that he pities the poor fellows at home--the ,london streets must be something awful6 ,and on a dozen other occasions he has expressed that cheery soul of his1 in a way as charming as it is moving4 ,as for the ,germans1 perhaps ,mr4 ,punch reached his happiest moment when he gave us the ,german family enjoying its morning hate4 ,a ,french paper copied that with enjoyment tinged with bewilderment1 since the idiomatic morning hate was beyond the ,french editor1 who published it merely as a study of a ,german family at breakfast time4 ,the ,germans have not published it at all4 ,nothing more light-hearted and good-humoured than ,mr4 ,heath ,robinson's fantastic inventions 7such as the ,tatcho bomb7 could be found--unless perhaps1 in the inimitable ,big and ,little ,willie of ,mr4 ,haselden1 which have given pleasure to countless people1 at the front and at home1 and have caused howls of ,majesttsbeleidigungisch laughter in ,german trenches1 when ,tommy has been so kind as to throw a copy over4 ,england has never taken cartoons so seriously as has ,france1 nor has she a public for separate topical prints2 but she has done as much as she can1 for her war cartoons accurately express her mind1 and that is their real function and constitutes their real value4 ,neutral countries have had to be careful in some ways2 it is difficult to find any interesting war-prints or postcards on sale there4 ,what there are are rather insipid1 at any rate to the ,allied mind4 ,but in individual newspapers and periodicals the struggle has raged fiercely by pen and pencil1 pro-,ally or pro-,german4 ,mr4 ,robert ,carter1 for instance1 in his drawings in the ,new ,york ,evening ,sun1 has spoken with no uncertain voice1 as one of his cartoons in this book will witness4 ,spain has had more pro-,ally cartoons than one might have expected1 ,scandinavia has been very discreet--,italy never was1 even before she came in4 ,holland remains1 and well has she shown that she still possesses that spirit of resistance to the oppressor which dictated the pages of her superb history4 ,small in size1 in a geographical position of great danger1 her economic interests very largely identified with the welfare of ,germany1 ,holland might have been excused for holding her peace4 ,everyone knew that ,german influence was1 and is1 very important in ,holland2 that the ,netherlands reek with ,german espionage1 and that method of commercial penetration which is one of ,prussia's most valued weapons4 ,yet none of these things sufficed to silence the ,dutch love of liberty and hatred of oppression4 ,a band of ,dutch cartoonists1 hot with indignation1 took the bit between their teeth1 and ran away with their pencils1 their papers1 their public1 and1 if their startled ,government is right1 very nearly with ,dutch neutrality4 ,anyone who has watched ,dutch drawings must have been impressed by the fire of the pro-,ally artists1 ,braakensiek1 ,albert ,hahn1 ,peter van den ,hem1 and ,lazrom4 ,neutrality is too pale for them4 ,and1 of course1 there is ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,only a neutral could have done what he has done2 but it might not have been done at all had not ,raemaekers arisen with his accusing pencil4 ,in his work the war takes on its right colour1 as something far above international hatreds or the struggle of policies1 far above even a battle for the welfare of peoples whose interests are opposed4 ,it appears in its right aspect1 as a spiritual conflict1 more deadly1 more earnest1 more vital1 than any revolution or reformation or war since that struggle in which proud ,lucifer fell4 ,this is every man's war1 the world's war1 the war of ,god and devil4 ,and1 taking this heroic view of it1 ,raemaekers has stepped into the rle of ,tragedy1 which is to arouse pity and terror1 and the noble movements of the soul4 ,his ,prisoners and ,barbed ,wire 7,plates ,,xxii4 and ,,xxiii47 show well his detached1 tragic quality4 ,there are many of his drawings which are too dreadful to be contemplated for long--,slow ,gas ,poisoning1 the ,german thief trampling in blood that drops from his heavy sack1 the professor and the devil leering delightedly into each other's eyes4 ,but after such horrors one comes always back to the exquisite tenderness which is the real distinguishing characteristic of ,raemaekers4 ,the young ,german soldier who writes home that our cemeteries now stretch nearly to the sea is as tenderly drawn as are the widows of ,belgium4 ,the tenderness of strength is the heart of the tragic spirit1 the heart that bleeds for suffering and weakness1 the heart that grows hot for injustice and wrong4 ,it is this spirit1 with its heart of tenderness1 that has made the fame of ,raemaekers4 ,it is not comfortable nor pleasant to be roused to the tragic sentiments1 but it is right that we should2 and had the ,allies needed any reassurance as to the nature of the reason for which they fight1 ,raemaekers' work would have supplied it4 ,the good cause has found its good artist1 and he is all the stronger because he is a neutral4 ,like ,truth in the cartoon with which this book closes1 he has held up the mirror to the ,prussian1 and we can see1 ,germany can see1 the whole world can see1 what kind of soul is reflected therein4 ,,english ,,cartoons ,i4 ,the famous cartoon by ,f4 ,h4 ,townsend1 ,bravo ,belgium1 fitly appears as the frontispiece to this book4 ,it is reprinted from ,punch by permission of the ,proprietors4 ,,ii4 ,,rehabilitated6 ,germany 7to her ,professor73 ,what if we do not fulfil our promises--the whole world must now admiringly confess we are men of honour--we fulfil our threats6 ,by ,will ,dyson4 ,first published in ,the ,nation1 ,may #ae1 #aiae4 ,illustration3 ,,ii4 ,,iii4 ,,audience4 ,prussianism4 444 ,and ,poets1 ,professors1 ,instructors of the ,young1 let it be ,your divine labour to quicken our ,germany with a hate of ,england so vast1 so holy1 so unappeasable1 that ,,we need fear no more the danger of her hating ,,us4 ,by ,will ,dyson4 ,first published in ,the ,nation1 ,may #h1 #aiae4 ,illustration3 ,,iii4 ,,iv4 ,,the ,,baffled ,,burglar4 ,the ,burglar3 ,i've got the swag1 but strafe that copper6 ,i can't get away with it1 and there's no food in that beastly cupboard6 ,by ,f4 ,c4 ,g4 ,first published in the ,westminster ,gazette1 ,february #aa1 #aiaf4 ,illustration3 ,,iv4 ,v4 ,this very ,haseldenian page speaks for itself4 ,by permission of the ,editor of the ,daily ,mirror4 ,illustration3 ,i',m ,,an ,,eagle6 ,i ,,say ,i',m ,,an ,,eagle6 ,,does ,,anyone ,,dare ,,to ,,contradict ,,me8 ,i ,,am ,,an ,,eagle6 ,i ,,will ,,be ,,an ,,eagle6 ,,aren',t ,i ,,an ,,eagle8 ,v4 ,,vi4 ,,imperialismus4 ,under this laconic title ,mr4 ,e4 ,j4 ,sullivan shows us a museum specimen of that extinct monster ,the ,german ,eagle4 ,reproduced from ,the ,kaiser's ,garland1 by permission of ,mr4 ,william ,heinemann4 ,illustration3 ,,vi4 ,,vii4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,heath ,robinson's well-known series entitled ,rejected by the ,inventions ,board1 is typical of the irresponsible sense of fun which ,english ,people seem able to retain even in war-time4 ,here we see an excellent idea put into action3 ,the ,armoured ,corn-,crusher for treading on the ,enemy's ,toes4 ,reproduced from ,the ,sketch of ,jan4 #e1 #aiaf4 ,illustration3 ,,vii4 ,a ,,new ,,zealand ,,cartoon ,,viii4 ,this is what the ,auckland ,observer thought of floating mines1 in the first few months of the war4 ,those were the days before submarine warfare put even mines in the shade for wanton cruelty and stupid destructiveness4 ,illustration3 ,,viii4 ,,italian ,,cartoons ,,ix4 ,there were few pro-,german cartoons in ,italy1 even before she came in with the ,allies4 ,now and then her artists took a cynical and detached attitude towards the awful struggle in the north1 but for the most part their drawings left no doubt as to where their sympathies lay1 as may be judged by this and the two following cartoons4 ,this first is from the ,turin ,numero4 ,musini shows the ,germans paving the ruined streets of ,flanders with the material most plentifully to hand4 ,illustration3 ,,ix4 ,x4 ,,xi4 ,in these allegorical sketches1 published by l',uomo di ,pietra1 of ,milan1 the artist pictures the results to ,europe should ,germany and should the ,allies win4 ,under the ,prussian sword and helmet the whole continent lies burning and bleeding2 around the ,phrygian cap of liberty her merry and obviously well-nourished children play over her prosperous lands1 amid commerce-laden seas4 ,illustration3 ,x4 ,illustration3 ,,xi4 ,,two ,,argentine ,,drawings ,,xii4 ,,xiii4 ,the ,argentine is a long way off--further than ,washington--and might have been pardoned if she had looked with detached philosophy upon the deeds of ,germany4 ,her attitude1 however1 leaves much to be desired from the point of view of ,berlin4 ,whether as a rat coveting the good ,dutch cheese1 or as the ,monster taking what he wants from helpless ,belgium1 the ,german does not cut a good figure in the ,critica1 of ,buenos-,ayres4 ,illustration3 ,,xii4 ,illustration3 ,,xiii4 ,,american ,,cartoons ,,xiv4 ,the neutrality of these three drawings is distinctly open to question4 ,the ,order of the ,iron ,cross is from ,life1 of ,new ,york4 ,illustration3 ,,xiv4 ,,xv4 ,the ,hand of ,god1 by ,nelson ,greene4 ,one of the best known ,american cartoons since the war4 ,from ,puck1 of ,new ,york4 ,illustration3 ,,xv4 ,,xvi4 ,mr4 ,robert ,carter's drawings for the ,new ,york ,evening ,sun have acquired a reputation in ,europe since the war4 ,this is one of the best1 which appeared on ,january #ah1 #aiaf4 ,the ,bear3 ,glad to see you out again4 ,kaiser3 ,i feel better myself6 ,illustration3 ,,xvi4 ,a ,,japanese ,,cartoon ,,xvii4 ,the ,austro-,german ,alliance1 as seen by an artist of the ,jiji ,shimpo of ,tokio4 ,illustration3 ,,xvii4 ,,dutch ,,cartoons ,,xviii4 ,,the ,,game ,,of ,,chess4 ,he alone can decide how the game shall end4 7,de ,roskam1 of ,mastricht74 ,illustration3 ,,xviii4 ,,xix4 ,,in ,,the ,,submarine4 ,illustration3 ,,xix4 ,,xx4 ,,twentieth ,,century ,,monumental ,,style4 ,suggestion by ,m4 ,albert ,hahn1 in ,de ,notenkraker1 of ,amsterdam1 for the rebuilding of ,rheims ,cathedral after the war1 in a style more conformable to ,kultur than the ,gothic4 ,illustration3 ,,xx4 ,,xxi4 ,,kreuzland6 ,,kreuzland ,,ber ,,alles6 ,by ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,this is the third and last of a powerful series of three drawings of the sorrows of ,belgium--,the ,mothers1 ,the ,widows1 and ,the ,children4 ,this and the three following drawings were among those which appeared in the ,amsterdam ,telegraaf1 and carried the fame of ,m4 ,raemaekers almost instantaneously over the world4 ,they are reproduced here by permission of the ,proprietors of ,land and ,water4 ,illustration3 ,,xxi4 ,,xxii4 ,,prisoners4 ,,hunger ,,and ,,misery4 ,by ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,illustration3 ,,xxii4 ,,xxiii4 ,,barbed ,,wire4 ,by ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,barbed wire figures in both these drawings1 widely-different as they are4 ,it has a special significance1 used as a background to two such contrasting aspects of war4 ,illustration3 ,,xxiii4 ,,xxiv4 ,,our ,,father ,,which ,,art ,,in ,,heaven4 ,by ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,illustration3 ,,xxiv4 ,,two ,,russian ,,cartoons from the ,petrograd ,loukomorye ,,xxv4 ,franz ,joseph departs to the ,front to cheer his ,troops4 ,but will he get there8 ,illustration3 ,,xxv4 ,,xxvi4 ,,the ,,weakling4 ,nobody could congratulate ,mother ,turk and ,father ,ferdinand on the son 7,turco-,bulgar ,agreement7 ,doctor ,kaiser has just helped into the world4 ,it would hardly be tactful for the closest friend to hazard a statement that it favoured either parent4 ,illustration3 ,,xxvi4 ,a ,,polish ,,cartoonist ,,xxvii4 ,m4 d',ostoya1 the well-known ,polish artist1 has published in ,paris1 during the war1 a very strong series of drawings1 both in colour and in black4 ,of this series the two shown here are among the best-contrasted4 ,says the ,prussian ,officer3 ,who is it who commands here8 ,you1 a simple little ,jew1 or ,i--who have thirteen quarterings of nobility8 ,illustration3 ,gott mit uns6 ,qui est-ce qui commande ici1 toi qui n'es qu'un simple petit juif ou moi qui possde treize quartiers de noblesse8 ,,xxvii4 ,,xxviii4 ,a ,,dinner ,,at ,,headquarters4 ,a pig's head was also served1 ornamented with laurel-leaves--for in ,germany it is customary to crown pigs with laurel4 ,heinrich ,heine1 ,germania4 ,illustration3 ,un diner au ,quartier ,gnral 444 ,on servit aussi une tte de porc orne de feuilles de laurier1 car en ,allemagne on a l'habitude de couronner de laurier le front des cochons ,henri ,heine1 ,germania ,,xxviii4 ,,french ,,cartoons ,,xxix4 ,poulbot is the interpreter of ,french childhood1 and in that capacity his pencil1 before ,august #aiad1 had given infinite pleasure4 ,but pleasure ceased to be a very important pre-occupation in ,august1 #aiad1 and even ,poulbot's sympathetic pencil lent itself to horror as easily as to mirth4 ,this drawing appeared in l',anti-,boche1 of ,paris4 ,don't be frightened1 kill her--,i've got hold of her1 runs the legend4 ,illustration3 --,n'aie pas peur1 tue-la1 j'la tiens4 ,,xxix4 ,,xxx4 ,when the ,zeppelins first came to ,paris1 public interest was immense1 and children were wakened that they might not miss the sight4 ,this drawing by ,baldo from l',anti-,boche1 is not at all exaggerated4 ,it looks like a sausage6 ,oh1 no6 cries the child1 if it had been a sausage the ,boches would have eaten it long ago4 ,illustration3 ,,xxx4 ,,xxxi4 ,,the ,,german ,,atrocities4 ,this was one of the earliest coloured prints published in ,paris during the war1 and formed part of a cheap series1 issued at a few sous each1 and printed in colours the most brilliant and most nave4 ,the little boy of seven who was shot for levelling his wooden gun in play at the ,german invaders was a very favourite theme with all ,french artists1 from ,vber downwards4 ,the incident is alleged to have taken place in the village of ,magny1 ,alsace4 ,illustration3 ,,les ,,atrocit,s ,,allemandes ,,les ,,allemands ,,tuent ,,un ,,enfant ,,de #g ,,ans ,,qui ,,les ,,avait ,,mis ,,en ,,joue ,,avec ,,son ,,fusil ,,de ,,bois ,en passant ,magny 7,haute-,alsace7 des fantassins allemands aperorvent un enfant de sept ans qui s'amusait les mettre en joue avec un fusil de bois1 au canon de fer blanc6444 ,un feu de salve tir par les brutes renversa le pauvre petit qui s'escroula dans une mare de sang6444 ,il tait mort6444 ,nous autions souri1 les ,allemands ont tu4 ,,xxxi4 ,,xxxii4 ,a drawing by ,armengol1 from ,le ,rire ,rouge1 ,paris4 ,retreat from the ,front 7,le ,front se ,degarnit74 ,illustration3 ,,xxxii4 ,,xxxiii4 ,,in ,,the ,,bagnio4 ,by ,gallo4 ,what did you do8 ,i killed my mother4 ,and you8 ,i was ,emperor of ,germany4 7,reproduction of a drawing in ,a la ,baonnette1 ,paris47 ,illustration3 ,,xxxiii4 ,,xxxiv4 ,,the ,,consultation ,,on ,,the ,,kaiser4 ,dr4 ,george3 ,it is astonishing how effective are the #ge pills of ,dr4 ,poincar4 ,dr4 ,albert3 ,yes1 ,i agree with you2 the treatment should be continued4 ,illustration3 ,dr4 ,,george--,c'est etonnant comme les pilules #ge du ,dr4 ,poincar lui font de l'effect4 ,dr4 ,,albert--,oui1 je suis de votre avis1 il faudrait continuer avec ce traitment4 ,,xxxiv4 ,,xxxv4 ,,the ,,sacred ,,union4 ,by ,garcia ,benito4 ,the ,marchioness3 ,dear me--in uniform one can't tell mine from yours6 ,illustration3 ,,xxxv4 ,,xxxvi4 ,,the ,,silent ,,one--,,joffre4 ,by ,leandre1 the allegorical cartoonist1 in ,le ,rire ,rouge1 ,paris4 ,the reputation for silence enjoyed by ,general ,joffre is better-founded than is always the case with the reputed characteristics of great men4 ,in the course of being shaved at a ,paris barber's recently1 an ,english client was told that ,general ,joffre had for fifteen years been a regular customer at the shop4 ,and what sort of person is he really8 ,i don't know1 sir--he never said anything6 ,illustration3 ,,xxxvi4 ,,xxxvii4 ,french satire has not devoted itself entirely to our enemies1 but has been frequently turned on ,france4 ,there are comedy and irony1 perhaps even pathos1 in ,albert ,guillaume's cartoon in ,le ,rire ,rouge of the fair and probably frail lady who replies to the ,sister of ,mercy's request for clothes for the refugees3 ,certainly1 ,sister4 ,franoise1 bring me my pink dress with silver sequins4 ,do you mind it's being slit up at one side1 ,sister8 ,it does rather date it4 ,illustration3 ,,xxxvii4 ,,xxxviii4 ,,the ,,sick ,,man',s ,,burden4 ,the ,two-,hunned ,camel ,le ,chameau ,deux ,boches4 ,from ,le ,rire ,rouge4 ,illustration3 ,,xxxviii4 ,,xxxix4 ,,at ,,the ,,gates ,,of ,,the ,,vatican4 ,open6 ,open6 ,it is unhappy ,belgium6 ,the ,pope's neutrality was not popular in ,france1 even before he refused to pronounce an opinion on the violation of ,belgium1 as that had happened in his predecessor's time4 ,many people consider that by this attitude the ,vatican lost a priceless opportunity of re-capturing ,france4 ,it is significant that this moving cartoon1 from ,le ,rire ,rouge1 is signed3 ,a4 ,willette1 ,catholique4 ,illustration3 ,,xxxix4 ,,xl4 ,the ,pope says4444 ,by ,grandjouan 7,le ,rire ,rouge74 ,illustration3 ,,xl4 ,,xli4 ,,gott ,,mit ,,uns4 ,what would they have left ,him if ,he had not been with them8 ,le ,rire ,rouge4 ,illustration3 ,,xli4 ,,xlii4 ,,xliii4 ,steinlen was once known best for his black cats--thin1 rather wicked cats1 prowling and hungry1 and with inscrutable thoughts of their own4 ,his fame grew1 his scope widened and deepened1 but never had he probed so deep nor risen so high as he has done since the war took him from his observation of social traits and concentrated him on the nobler aspects of mankind--and especially womankind4 ,these two drawings are from a series which they worthily represent3 ,national ,aid and ,glory4 ,illustration3 ,,xlii4 ,illustration3 ,,xliii4 ,,xliv4 ,,kaiser ,,bonnot1 by ,h4 ,a4 ,ibels4 ,the war has not obliterated so completely the life that went before it1 that we have forgotten the ,motor ,bandits1 headed by ,bonnot1 who terrorised ,paris by their audacity for many weeks4 ,had this drawing not been a likeness of the ,kaiser it would still have been a wonderful delineation of the apache1 his reckless soul showing through every inch of his stealthy body4 ,illustration3 ,,xliv4 ,kaiser - ,bonnot ,,xliv4 ,,xlv4 ,,david ,,and ,,goliath1 by ,paul ,iribe4 ,this drawing formed the cover of the first number of ,le ,mot1 a short-lived but most interesting penny paper published in ,paris during the war4 ,illustration3 ,,xlv4 ,david et ,goliath ,,xlvi4 ,,the ,,failure1 by ,sem4 ,after the ,battle of the ,marne1 more than #ej1jjj ,german corpses were counted--7,the ,papers74 ,le ,mot4 ,illustration3 ,,le ,,rat4 aprs la bataille de la ,marne on a compt plus de #hj4jjj cadavres allemands444 7,,les ,,journaux74 ,,xlvi4 7,a ,franco-,russian ,drawing47 ,,xlvii4 ,this drawing by ,bakst1 which appeared in ,le ,mot1 bears the following legend3 ,leon ,bakst1 the great ,russian painter1 promises very soon1 he says3 ,from the ,carpathians to ,berlin a bound in the style of the ,russian ballets1 to the great stupefaction of those hounds of ,germans and ,austrians4 ,illustration3 ,leon ,bakst1 le grand peintre russe1 nous promet pour bientt1 dit-il3 ,des ,karpathes a ,berlin1 un bond dans le style des ,ballets ,russes1 a la grande stupeur de ces chiens d',allemands et d',autrichiens4 ,,xlvii4 ,,xlviii4 ,the ,empress ,eugnie has turned her house into a military hospital4 ,do you know where we are1 ,jimmy8 ,the nurse told me that it's the house of a lady who has lost her son in the war4 ,from ,le ,mot4 ,illustration3 ,l',,imperatrice ,,eugenie ,a ,,transforme ,,sa ,,residence ,,de ,,farnborough ,,hill ,,en ,,hopital ,,militaire4 --,savez-vous chez qui nous sommes ,jimmy8 --,la nurse m'a dit que c'tait chez une dame qui a perdu son fils la guerre4 ,,xlviii4 ,,xlix4 ,,the ,,hostages1 by ,a4 ,hermann-,paul4 ,from a woodcut published by the ,librarie de l',estampe1 #fh ,chausse d',antin1 ,paris4 ,illustration3 ,,xlix4 ,,four ,,postcards ,l4 ,a ,japanese postcard1 on the resistance of ,belgium to ,germany4 ,this is a characteristic production1 with the legend in ,japanese1 and was not published for the ,western market4 ,the ,english names and number were written on it by the purchaser in ,japan4 ,illustration3 ,l4 ,,li4 ,this spirited and delightful postcard by ,nik1 one of a series which foreran his book of soldiers 7almost the only wholesome war-book for children71 was published as early as ,august1 #aiad1 before the victory of the ,marne4 ,looking at its breezy outlines1 and at the merry colours of the original1 it is difficult to believe that it was drawn and printed at a time when all the printers were mobilised1 and makeshift workmen formed the only labour4 ,illustration3 the ,cosack3444 ,can ,i give you a lift to ,berlin8444 ,le ,cosaque3444 ,viens-tu ,berlin8444444 ,,li4 ,,lii4 ,,the ,,battle ,,of ,,the ,,marne4 ,in a magnificent rush the ,german armies have twice passed the ,marne4 ,all goes well4 ,the troops are fresh4--,wolff4 ,collection of #f cards of the firm ,bouveret1 ,le ,mans4 ,illustration3 ,dans un lan magnifique1 les armes allemandes ont pass deux fois la ,marne4 ,tout va bien4 ,les troupes sont fraches4 ,agence ,wolff4 ,,lii4 ,,liii4 ,,the ,,last ,,tango4 ,l4 ,dalvy1 #ej ,bd4 de ,strasbourg1 ,paris4 ,illustration3 ,,liii4 ,,concert ,,europ,,en ,,european ,,concert ,,le ,,dernier ,,tango4 4446 ,,the ,,last ,,tango4 4446 ,,liii4 ,,german ,,cartoons ,it is not easy to come by copies of the ,german papers1 as the ,trade-with-the-,enemy ,act frowns upon such commerce4 ,happily1 there are neutral countries1 through whose agency something may be done4 ,this and the following six pages are devoted to ,german ,cartoons1 from ,simplicissimus1 the famous ,munich illustrated paper4 ,they are very clever1 very mordant1 very amusing1 and always at their best when directed against ,england4 ,,liv4 ,,the ,,lusitania4 ,isn't it madness1 to take so many women and children in a munition transport8 ,on the contrary2 by this means1 when the ship goes to the devil1 the world will be raging against ,germany4 ,and it was6 ,illustration3 ,,liv4 ,,lv4 ,,earnest ,,times ,,in ,,windsor ,,castle4 ,to the noisy applause of the ,salvation ,army1 ,king ,george banishes the ,devil ,alcohol4 ,the castle is not very life-like1 but the bottle is--the free advertisement should be worth something1 even in war-time4 ,illustration3 ,,lv4 ,,lvi4 ,d',annunzio3 ,at any rate1 ,i am sure of being immortal in the heart of my creditors4 ,illustration3 ,,lvi4 ,,lvii4 ,,when ,,buddha ,,wakes4 ,this is a typical example of the view taken of the ,british soldier by the ,german artist--that he is extremely long1 extremely thin1 and extremely ugly4 ,he is not here1 however1 smoking the usual pipe4 ,illustration3 ,,lvii4 ,,lviii4 ,,apaches ,,in ,,the ,,trenches4 ,paris without light and without police6 ,that does make a man homesick6 ,illustration3 ,,lviii4 ,,lix4 ,,the ,,mood ,,in ,,france4 7a7 ,behind the ,german lines4 7b7 ,behind the ,french lines4 ,illustration3 ,,lix4 ,,lx4 ,,the ,,mood ,,in ,,flanders4 ,is that an enemy aeroplane1 ,madeleine8 ,no1 ,fritz2 it isn't an enemy1 its a ,german6 ,illustration3 ,,lx4 ,,lxi4 ,a ,,zeppelin ,,over ,,trafalgar ,,square4 ,free advertisement appears again here--,otherwise1 the cab-horse and ,king ,charles are the striking features4 ,illustration3 ,,lxi4 ,,lxii4 ,,sonnino ,,and ,,salandra4 ,now we've got the money1 ,herr ,colleague1 you can summon the ,italian people to its great historical mission4 ,illustration3 ,,lxii4 ,,lxiii4 ,,kitchener ,,and ,,france',s ,,recruits4 ,only have patience1 boys1 and you shall yet fight for ,england4 ,we will keep the war on long enough for that4 ,illustration3 ,,lxiii4 ,,lxiv4 ,,britannia ,,the ,,housekeeper1 ,,to ,,the ,,fleet3 ,i must dust you nicely every week1 so that you may be as good as new when peace is concluded4 ,illustration3 ,,lxiv4 ,,lxv4 ,,the ,,poor ,,lark4 ,i give it up1 trying to sing against the guns6 ,i'm completely hoarse already4 ,illustration3 ,,lxv4 ,,lxvi4 ,,english ,,tactics4 ,only two ,dreadnoughts against one small cruiser--it will take a lot to make the ,english attack6 ,illustration3 ,,lxvi4 ,,lxvii4 ,,lord ,,kitchener ,,distorts ,,the ,,evidence4 ,this man says that the ,germans treat their wounded prisoners well4 ,but you see1 ,sir1 that they have tortured him so terribly that he has lost his senses4 ,better caricatures than these one could not ask to see4 ,tommy comes off worse than anyone else1 and even for him his ear and his breeches have been rendered characteristically4 ,illustration3 ,,lxvii4 ,,lxviii4 ,,the ,,truth4 ,by ,louis ,raemaekers4 ,by permission of the proprietors of ,land and ,water4 ,illustration3 ,j',,accuse ,,lxviii4 ,,printed ,,by ,,the ,,strand ,,engraving ,,co41 ,,ltd41 ,,martlett ,,court1 ,,bow ,,street1 ,,london1 ,w4,c4 ,transcriber's ,notes4 #a4 ,introduction and ,illustrations ,,xxi to ,,xxiv3 ,the spelling of the name ,louis ,raemakers1 corrected to ,louis ,raemaekers4