,,! ,,note ,,book ,,( ,,an ,,engli%     
,,opium-,,eat]4  ,,by ,,?omas ,,de      
,,qu9cey4     ,,cont5ts4   ,,?ree       
,,memorable ,,murd]s ,,true ,,relations 
,,( ,,! ,,bible ,,to ,,m]ely ,,human    
,,sci5ce ,,lit]>y ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,!      
,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,! ,,antigone ,,(  
,,sophocles ,,! ,,m>quess ,,wellesley   
,,milton vs4 ,,s\!y ,,& ,,l&or          
,,falsification ,,( ,,engli% ,,hi/ory ,a
 ,,p]ipatetic ,,philosoph] ,,on         
,,suicide ,,sup]ficial ,,k ,,engli%     
,,diction>ies ,,dryd5',s ,,hexa/i*      
,,pope',s ,,retort ,,^u ,,addison       
,,?ree ,,memorable ,,murd]s4  ,a        
,,sequel ,,to ',,murd] ,,consid]$ ,,z   
,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,f9e ,,arts4' #a  #ahed4  
,x is impossible to conciliate read]s ( 
s saturn9e & gloomy a class1 t !y _c    
ent] ) g5ial sympa?y into any gaiety    
:atev]1 b1 lea/ ( all1 :5 ! gaiety      
trespasses a little into ! prov9ce ( !  
extravagant4 ,9 su* a case1 n to        
sympa?ize is n to und]/&2 & !           
playfulness1 :i* is n reli%$1 becomes   

flat & insipid1 or absolutely )\t mean+4
 ,=tunately1 aft] all su* *urls h )drawn
 f my audi5ce 9 high displeasure1 !re   
rema9s a l>ge majority :o are l\d 9     
ackn[l$g+ ! amusem5t :i* !y h d]iv$ f a 
=m] pap] ( m9e1 ',on ,murd] consid]$ z  
"o ( ! ,f9e ,arts2' at ! same "t prov+ !
 s9c]ity ( _! praise by "o hesitat+     
expression ( c5sure4 ,repeat$ly !y h    
sugge/$ to me1 t p]haps ! extravagance1 
?\gh cle>ly int5tional1 & =m+ "o elem5t 
9 ! g5]al gaiety ( ! conception1 w5t too
 f>4 ,i am n myself ( t op9ion2 & ,i beg
 to rem9d ^! fri5dly c5sors1 t x is     
among/ ! direct purposes & ef=ts ( ?is  
bagatelle to graze ! br9k ( horror1 & ( 
all t w\ld 9 actual realization be mo/  
repulsive4 ,! v excess ( ! extravagance1
 9 fact1 by sugge/+ to ! read]          
cont9ually ! m]e a]iality ( ! entire    
speculation1 furni%es ! sure/ means (   
dis5*ant+ him f ! horror :i* might else 
ga!r ^u 8 feel+s4 ,let me rem9d su*     
objectors1 once = all1 ( ,dean ,swift's 
proposal = turn+ to acc\nt ! sup]num]>y 

infants ( ! ?ree k+doms1 :i*1 9 ^? days1
 bo? at ,dubl9 & at ,london1 7 provid$ =
 9 f\ndl+ hospitals1 by cook+ & eat+ !m4
 ,?is 0 an extravaganza1 ?\gh really    
bold] & m co>sely practical ?an m9e1 :i*
 did n provoke any reproa*es ev5 to a   
dignit>y ( ! supreme ,iri% *ur*2 its own
 mon/rosity 0 its excuse2 m]e           
extravagance 0 felt to lic5se & accr$it 
! little jeu d'esprit1 precisely z !    
blank impossibilities ( ,lilliput1 (    
,laputa1 ( ! ,yahoos1 c41 _h lic5s$ ^?4 
,if1 !re=e1 any man ?9ks x wor? 8 :ile  
to tilt aga9/ s m]e a foam-bubble (     
gaiety z ?is lecture on ! ae/hetics (   
murd]1 ,i %elt] myself = ! mom5t "u !   
,telamonian %ield ( ! ,dean4 ,b1 9      
reality1 my own little pap] may plead a 
privileg$ excuse = its extravagance1 su*
 z is altoge!r want+ to ! ,dean's4      
,nobody c pret5d1 = a mom5t1 on behalf (
 ! ,dean1 t !re is any ord9>y & natural 
t5d5cy 9 human ?\ghts1 :i* c\ld ev] turn
 to infants z articles ( diet2 "u any   
conceivable circum/ances1 ?is w\ld be   

felt z ! mo/ aggravat$ =m (             
cannibalism--cannibalism apply+ itself  
to ! mo/ def5celess "p ( ! species4 ,b1 
on ! o!r h&1 ! t5d5cy to a critical or  
ae/hetic valuation ( fires & murd]s is  
univ]sal4 ,if y are summon$ to !        
spectacle ( a great fire1 und\bt$ly !   
fir/ impulse is--to assi/ 9 putt+ x out4
 ,b t field ( ex]tion is v limit$1 & is 
soon fill$ by regul> pr(essional p1     
tra9$ & equipp$ = ! s]vice4 ,9 ! case ( 
a fire :i* is op]at+ ^u private prop]ty1
 pity = a neighbor's calamity *ecks u at
 fir/ 9 treat+ ! affair z a sc5ic       
spectacle4 ,b p]haps ! fire may be      
conf9$ to public build+s4 ,& 9 any case1
 aft] we h paid our tribute ( regret to 
! affair1 consid]$ z a calamity1        
inevitably1 & )\t re/ra9t1 we g on to   
consid] x z a /age spectacle4           
,exclamations (--,h[ gr&6 ,h[           
magnific5t6 arise 9 a sort ( rapture f !
 cr[d4 ,= in/ance1 :5 ,drury ,lane 0    
burn$ d[n 9 ! fir/ dec5nium ( ?is       
c5tury1 ! fall+ 9 ( ! ro( 0 signaliz$ by

 a mimic suicide ( ! protect+ ,apollo t 
surm\nt$ & cre/$ ! c5tre ( ?is ro(4 ,!  
god 0 /ation>y ) 8 lyre1 & seem$ look+  
d[n ^u ! fi]y ru9s t 7 s rapidly        
approa*+ him4 ,sudd5ly ! support+ timb]s
 bel[ him gave way2 a convulsive heave (
 ! bill[+ flames seem$ = a mom5t to     
raise ! /atue2 & !n1 z if on "s impulse 
( despair1 ! presid+ deity appe>$ n to  
fall1 b to ?r[ himself into ! fi]y      
deluge1 = he w5t d[n head =emo/2 & 9 all
 respects1 ! desc5t _h ! air ( a        
volunt>y act4 ,:at foll[$8 ,f e "o ( !  
bridges ov] ! riv]1 & f o!r op5 areas   
:i* comm&$ ! spectacle1 !re arose a     
su/a9$ upro> ( admiration & sympa?y4 ,"s
 few ye>s be=e ?is ev5t1 a prodigi\s    
fire occurr$ at ,liv]pool2 ! ,goree1 a  
va/ pile ( w>eh\ses close to "o ( !     
docks1 0 burn$ to ! gr\nd4 ,! huge      
edifice1 eight or n9e /ories high1 &    
lad5 ) mo/ combu/ible goods1 _m ?\s&    
bales ( cotton1 :eat & oats 9 ?\s&s (   
qu>t]s1 t>1 turp5t9e1 rum1 gunp[d]1 c41 
cont9u$ ?r\gh _m h\rs ( d>kness to fe$  

?is trem5d\s fire4 ,to aggravate !      
calamity1 x blew a regul> gale ( w9d2   
luckily = ! %ipp+1 x blew inl&1 t is1 to
 ! ea/2 & all ! way d[n to ,w>r+ton1    
eighte5 miles di/ant to ! ea/w>d1 ! :ole
 air 0 illum9at$ by flakes ( cotton1 (t5
 saturat$ ) rum1 & by :at seem$ absolute
 worlds ( blaz+ sp>ks1 t light$ up all !
 upp] *amb]s ( ! air4 ,all ! cattle ly+ 
abroad 9 ! fields ?r\gh a bread? (      
eighte5 miles1 7 ?r[n into t]ror &      
agitation4 ,m51 ( c\rse1 read 9 ?is     
hurry+ ov]head ( sc9tillat+ & blaz+     
vortices1 ! annunciation ( "s gigantic  
calamity go+ on 9 ,liv]pool2 & !        
lam5tation on t acc\nt 0 univ]sal4 ,b t 
mood ( public sympa?y did n at all      
int]f]e to suppress or ev5 to *eck !    
mom5t>y bur/s ( raptur\s admiration1 z  
?is arr[y sleet ( _m-color$ fire rode on
 ! w+s ( hurricane1 alt]nately ?r\gh op5
 dep?s ( air1 or ?r\gh d>k cl\ds        
ov]head4  ,precisely ! same treatm5t is 
appli$ to murd]s4 ,aft] ! fir/ tribute (
 sorr[ to ^? :o h p]i%$1 b1 at all      

ev5ts1 aft] ! p]sonal int]e/s h be5     
tranquilliz$ by "t1 inevitably ! sc5ical
 features 7:at ae/hetically may be call$
 ! comp>ative advantages7 ( ! sev]al    
murd]s are review$ & valu$4 ,"o murd] is
 comp>$ ) ano!r2 & ! circum/ances (     
sup]iority1 z1 = example1 9 ! incid5ce &
 effects ( surprise1 ( my/]y1 c41 are   
collat$ & apprais$4 ,i1 !re=e1 = my     
extravagance1 claim an inevitable &     
p]petual gr\nd 9 ! spontane\s t5d5cies (
 ! human m9d :5 left to itself4 ,b no "o
 w pret5d t any correspond+ plea c be   
advanc$ on behalf ( ,swift4  ,9 ?is     
important di/9ction betwe5 myself & !   
,dean1 lies "o reason :i* prompt$ !     
pres5t writ+4 ,a second purpose ( ?is   
pap] is1 to make ! read] acqua9t$       
circum/antially ) ?ree memorable cases (
 murd]1 :i* long ago ! voice ( amateurs 
has cr[n$ ) laurel1 b especially ) ! two
 e>lie/ ( ! ?ree1 viz41 ! immortal      
,williams' murd]s ( #ahab4 ,! act & !   
actor are ea* sep>ately 9 ! highe/      
degree int]e/+2 &1 z =ty-two ye>s h     

elaps$ s9ce #ahab1 x _c be suppos$ t    
ei!r is kn[n circum/antially to ! m5 ( !
 curr5t g5]ation4  ,nev]1 ?r\gh\t !     
annals ( univ]sal ,*ri/5dom1 has !re    
inde$ be5 any act ( "o solit>y insulat$ 
individual1 arm$ ) p[] s appall+ ov] !  
he>ts ( m51 z t ext]m9at+ murd]1 by :i*1
 dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahab1 ,john ,williams 9 
"o h\r1 smote two h\ses ) empt9ess1     
ext]m9at$ all b two entire h\seholds1 & 
ass]t$ 8 own supremacy above all !      
*ildr5 ( ,ca94 ,x w\ld be absolutely    
impossible adequately to describe !     
fr5zy ( feel+s :i*1 ?r\gh\t ! next      
=tnight1 ma/]$ ! popul> he>t2 ! m]e     
delirium ( indignant horror 9 "s1 ! m]e 
delirium ( panic 9 o!rs4 ,= twelve      
succe$+ days1 "u "s gr\ndless notion t !
 unkn[n murd]] _h quitt$ ,london1 !     
panic :i* _h convuls$ ! mighty          
metropolis diffus$ itself all ov] !     
isl&4 ,i 0 myself at t "t ne>ly ?ree    
hundr$ miles f ,london2 b !re1 &        
ev]y:]e1 ! panic 0 indescribable4 ,"o   
lady1 my next neighbor1 :om p]sonally ,i

 knew1 liv+ at ! mom5t1 dur+ ! abs5ce ( 
h] husb&1 ) a few s]vants 9 a v solit>y 
h\se1 nev] re/$ until %e _h plac$       
eighte5 doors 7s %e told me1 &1 inde$1  
satisfi$ me by ocul> pro(71 ea* secur$  
by pond]\s bolts1 & b>s1 & *a9s1 betwe5 
h] own b$room & any intrud] ( human     
build4 ,to rea* h]1 ev5 9 h] draw+-room1
 0 l go+1 z a flag ( truce1 into a      
beleagu]$ =tress2 at e six? /ep "o 0    
/opp$ by a sort ( portcullis4 ,! panic 0
 n conf9$ to ! ri*2 wom5 9 ! humble/    
ranks m ?an once di$ ^u ! spot1 f ! %ock
 att5d+ "s suspici\s attempts at        
intrusion ^u ! "p ( vagrants1 m$itat+   
probably no?+ worse ?an a robb]y1 b :om 
! poor wom51 misl$ by ! ,london         
newspap]s1 _h fanci$ to be ! dreadful   
,london murd]]4 ,meantime1 ?is solit>y  
arti/1 t re/$ 9 ! c5tre ( ,london1      
self-support$ by 8 own consci\s gr&eur1 
z a dome/ic ,attila1 or 'sc\rge ( ,god2'
 ?is man1 t walk$ 9 d>kness1 & reli$ ^u 
murd] 7z aft]w>ds transpir$7 = bread1 = 
clo!s1 = promotion 9 life1 0 sil5tly    

prep>+ an effectual answ] to ! public   
j\rnals2 & on ! twelf? day aft] 8       
inaugural murd]1 he adv]tis$ 8 pres5ce 9
 ,london1 & publi%$ to all m5 !         
absurdity ( ascrib+ to him any ruraliz+ 
prop5sities1 by /rik+ a second bl[1 &   
accompli%+ a second family ext]m9ation4 
,some:at light5$ 0 ! prov9cial panic by 
?is pro( t ! murd]] _h n condesc5d$ to  
sneak into ! c\ntry1 or to ab&on = a    
mom5t1 "u any motive ( caution or fe>1 !
 great metropolitan ca/ra /ativa (      
gigantic crime1 seat$ = ev] on ! ,?ames4
 ,9 fact1 ! great arti/ disda9$ a       
prov9cial reputation2 & he mu/ h felt1 z
 a case ( ludicr\s disproportion1 !     
contra/ betwe5 a c\ntry t[n or village1 
on ! "o h&1 &1 on ! o!r1 a "w m la/+ ?an
 brass--a ,greek3 *taema es aei--a murd]
 su* 9 quality z any murd] t he w\ld    
condesc5d to own = a "w turn$ out f 8   
own /udio4  ,col]idge1 :om ,i saw "s    
mon?s aft] ^! t]rific murd]s1 told me1  
t1 = 8 "p1 ?\gh at ! "t resid5t 9       
,london1 he _h n %>$ 9 ! prevail+ panic2

 him !y effect$ only z a philosoph]1 &  
?rew him into a pr(\nd rev]ie ^u !      
trem5d\s p[] :i* is laid op5 9 a mom5t  
to any man :o c reconcile himself to !  
abjuration ( all consci5ti\s re/ra9ts1  
if1 at ! same "t1 ?or\ghly )\t fe>4 ,n  
%>+ 9 ! public panic1 h[ev]1 ,col]idge  
did n consid] t panic at all            
unreasonable2 =1 z he said mo/ truly 9 t
 va/ metropolis !re are _m ?\s&s (      
h\seholds1 compos$ exclusively ( wom5 & 
*ildr52 _m o!r ?\s&s !re are :o         
necess>ily confide _! safety1 9 ! long  
ev5+s1 to ! discretion ( a "y s]vant    
girl2 & if %e suff]s h]self to be       
beguil$ by ! pret5ce ( a message f h]   
"m1 si/]1 or swee!>t1 into op5+ ! door1 
!re1 9 "o second ( "t1 goes to wreck !  
security ( ! h\se4 ,h[ev]1 at t "t1 & = 
_m mon?s aft]w>ds1 ! practice ( /eadily 
putt+ ! *a9 ^u ! door be=e x 0 op5$     
prevail$ g5]ally1 & = a long "t s]v$ z a
 record ( t deep impression left ^u     
,london by ,mr4 ,williams4 ,s\!y1 ,i may
 add1 ent]$ deeply into ! public feel+  

on ?is occasion1 & said to me1 )9 a week
 or two ( ! fir/ murd]1 t x 0 a private 
ev5t ( t ord] :i* rose to ! dignity ( a 
national ev5t4 #b ,b n[1 hav+ prep>$ !  
read] to appreciate on its true scale   
?is dreadful tissue ( murd] 7:i* z a    
record belong+ to an era t is n[ left   
=ty-two ye>s beh9d u1 n "o p]son 9 f\r (
 ?is g5]ation c be expect$ to "k        
correctly71 let me pass to !            
circum/antial details ( ! affair4  ,yet1
 fir/ ( all1 "o ^w z to ! local sc5e ( !
 murd]s4 ,ratcliffe ,highway is a public
 ?or\ghf>e 9 a mo/ *aotic qu>t] ( ea/]n 
or nautical ,london2 & at ?is "t 7viz41 
9 #ahab71 :5 no adequate police exi/$   
except ! detective police ( ,b[ ,/reet1 
admirable = its own peculi> purposes1 b 
utt]ly incomm5surate to ! g5]al s]vice (
 ! capital1 x 0 a mo/ dang]\s qu>t]4 ,e 
?ird man at ! lea/ might be set d[n z a 
=eign]4 ,lasc>s1 ,*9ese1 ,moors1        
,negroes1 7 met at e /ep4 ,& ap>t f !   
manifold ruffianism1 %r\d$ imp5etrably  
"u ! mix$ hats & turbans ( m5 ^: pa/ 0  

untraceable to any ,european eye1 x is  
well kn[n t ! navy 7especially1 9 "t (  
w>1 ! comm]cial navy7 ( ,*ri/5dom is !  
sure receptacle ( all ! murd]]s &       
ruffians ^: crimes h giv5 !m a motive = 
)draw+ !mselves = a season f ! public   
eye4 ,x is true1 t few ( ?is class are  
qualifi$ to act z 'able' seam53 b at all
 times1 & especially dur+ w>1 only a    
small proportion 7or nucleus7 ( ea*     
%ip's company consi/s ( su* m53 ! l>ge  
majority be+ m]e untutor$ l&sm54 ,john  
,williams1 h[ev]1 :o _h be5 occasionally
 rat$ z a seaman on bo>d ( v>i\s        
,indiam51 c41 0 probably a v accompli%$ 
seaman4 ,pretty g5]ally1 9 fact1 he 0 a 
ready & adroit man1 f]tile 9 res\rces "u
 all sudd5 difficulties1 & mo/ flexibly 
adapt+ himself to all v>ieties ( social 
life4 ,williams 0 a man ( middle /ature 
7five feet sev5 & a-half1 to five feet  
eight in*es high71 sl5d]ly built1 r ?91 
b wiry1 tol]ably muscul>1 & cle> ( all  
sup]flu\s fle%4 ,a lady1 :o saw him "u  
exam9ation 7,i ?9k at ! ,?ames ,police  

,(fice71 assur$ me t 8 hair 0 ( ! mo/   
extraord9>y & vivid color1 viz41 bright 
yell[1 some?+ betwe5 an orange & lemon  
color4 ,williams _h be5 9 ,india2 *iefly
 9 ,b5gal & ,madras3 b he _h also be5 ^u
 ! ,indus4 ,n[1 x is notori\s t1 9 !    
,punjaub1 horses ( a high ca/e are (t5  
pa9t$--crimson1 blue1 gre51 purple2 & x 
/ruck me t ,williams might1 = "s casual 
purpose ( disguise1 h tak5 a h9t f ?is  
practice ( ,sc9de & ,lahore1 s t ! color
 might n h be5 natural4 ,9 o!r respects1
 8 appe>ance 0 natural en\gh2 &1 judg+  
by a pla/] ca/ ( him1 :i* ,i pur*as$ 9  
,london1 ,i %\ld say mean1 z reg>d$ 8   
facial /ructure4 ,"o fact1 h[ev]1 0     
/rik+1 & fell 9 ) ! impression ( 8      
natural tig] "*1 t 8 face wore at all   
times a bloodless gha/ly pallor4 ',y    
might imag9e1' said my in=mant1 't 9 8  
ve9s circulat$ n r$ life- blood1 su* z  
c\ld k9dle into ! blu% ( %ame1 ( wra?1 (
 pity-- b a gre5 sap t well$ f no human 
he>t4' ,8 eyes seem$ froz5 & glaz$1 z if
 _! light 7 all conv]g$ ^u "s victim    

lurk+ 9 ! f> backgr\nd4 ,s f> 8         
appe>ance might h repell$2 b1 on ! o!r  
h&1 ! concurr5t te/imony ( _m witnesses1
 & also ! sil5t te/imony ( facts1 %[$ t 
! oil9ess & snaky ins9uation ( 8        
demeanor c\nt]act$ ! repulsiv5ess ( 8   
gha/ly face1 & among/ inexp]i5c$ "y wom5
 won = him a v favorable reception4 ,9  
p>ticul>1 "o g5tle-mann]$ girl1 :om     
,williams _h und\bt$ly design$ to murd]1
 gave 9 evid5ce--t once1 :5 sitt+ alone 
) h]1 he _h said1 ',n[1 ,miss ,r41      
suppos+ t ,i %\ld appe> ab\t midnight at
 y\r b$side1 arm$ ) a c>v+ knife1 :at   
w\ld y say8' ,to :i* ! confid+ girl _h1 
repli$1 ',oh1 ,mr4 ,williams1 if x 0    
anybody else1 ,i %\ld be fright5$4 ,b1 z
 soon z ,i he>d y\r voice1 ,i %\ld be   
tranquil4' ,poor girl6 _h ?is outl9e    
sket* ( ,mr4 ,williams be5 fill$ 9 &    
realiz$1 %e w\ld h se5 some?+ 9 !       
corpse-l face1 & he>d some?+ 9 ! s9i/]  
voice1 t w\ld h unsettl$ h] tranquillity
 = ev]4 ,b no?+ %ort ( su* dreadful     
exp]i5ces c\ld avail to unmask ,mr4     

,john ,williams4  ,into ?is p]il\s      
region x 0 t1 on a ,saturday night 9    
,decemb]1 ,mr4 ,williams1 :om we suppose
 to h long s9ce made 8 c\p d'essai1 =c$ 
8 way ?r\gh ! cr[d$ /reets1 b\nd on     
bus9ess4 ,to say1 0 to d4 ,& ?is night  
he _h said to himself secretly1 t he    
w\ld execute a design :i* he _h already 
sket*$1 & :i*1 :5 f9i%$1 0 de/9$ on !   
foll[+ day to /rike con/]nation into    
'all t mighty he>t' ( ,london1 f c5tre  
to circumf]5ce4 ,x 0 aft]w>ds rememb]$ t
 he _h quitt$ 8 lodg+s on ?is d>k err&  
ab\t elev5 o'clock ,p4 ,m42 n t he meant
 to beg9 s soon3 b he ne$$ to           
reconnoitre4 ,he c>ri$ 8 tools closely  
button$ up "u 8 loose roomy coat4 ,x 0 9
 h>mony ) ! g5]al subtlety ( 8 "*1 & 8  
poli%$ hatr$ ( brutality1 t by univ]sal 
agreem5t 8 mann]s 7 di/+ui%$ = exquisite
 suavity3 ! tig]'s he>t 0 mask$ by ! mo/
 ins9uat+ & snaky ref9em5t4 ,all 8      
acqua9tances aft]w>ds describ$ 8        
dissimulation z s ready & s p]fect1 t   
if1 9 mak+ 8 way ?r\gh ! /reets1 always 

s cr[d$ on a ,saturday night 9          
neighborhoods s poor1 he _h accid5tally 
jo/l$ any p]son1 he w\ld 7z !y 7 all    
satisfi$7 h /opp$ to (f] ! mo/          
g5tlemanly apologies3 ) 8 devili% he>t  
brood+ ov] ! mo/ helli% ( purposes1 he  
w\ld yet h paus$ to express a b5ign hope
 t ! huge mallet1 button$ up "u 8       
elegant surt\t1 ) a view to ! little    
bus9ess t await$ him ab\t n9ety m9utes  
fur!r on1 _h n inflict$ any pa9 on !    
/rang] ) :om he _h come into collision4 
,titian1 ,i believe1 b c]ta9ly ,rub5s1 &
 p]haps ,v&yke1 made x a rule nev] to   
practise 8 art b 9 full dress--po9t     
ruffles1 bag wig1 & diamond-hilt$ sword2
 & ,mr4 ,williams1 !re is reason to     
believe1 :5 he w5t out = a gr& comp\nd  
massacre 79 ano!r s5se1 "o might h      
appli$ to x ! ,ox=d phrase ( go+ out z  
,gr& ,comp\nd]71 always assum$ black    
silk /ock+s & pumps2 nor w\ld he on any 
acc\nt h degrad$ 8 position z an arti/  
by we>+ a morn+ g[n4 ,9 8 second great  
p]=mance1 x 0 p>ticul>ly notic$ &       

record$ by ! "o sole trembl+ man1 :o "u 
kill+ agonies ( fe> 0 compell$ 7z !     
read] w f9d7 f a secret /& to become !  
solit>y spectator ( 8 atrocities1 t ,mr4
 ,williams wore a long blue frock1 ( ! v
 f9e/ clo?1 & ri*ly l9$ ) silk4 ,among/ 
! anecdotes :i* circulat$ ab\t him1 x 0 
also said at ! "t1 t ,mr4 ,williams     
employ$ ! fir/ ( d5ti/s1 & also ! fir/ (
 *iropodi/s4 ,on no acc\nt w\ld he      
patronize any second-rate skill4 ,&     
beyond a d\bt1 9 t p]il\s little bran* (
 bus9ess :i* 0 practis$ by himself1 he  
might be reg>d$ z ! mo/ ari/ocratic &   
fa/idi\s ( arti/s4  ,b :o meantime 0 !  
victim1 to ^: abode he 0 hurry+8 ,=     
surely he nev] c\ld be s indiscreet z to
 be sail+ ab\t on a rov+ cruise 9 se>* (
 "s *ance p]son to murd]8 ,oh1 no3 he _h
 suit$ himself ) a victim "s "t be=e1   
viz41 an old & v intimate fri5d4 ,= he  
seems to h laid x d[n z a maxim--t ! be/
 p]son to murd] 0 a fri5d2 &1 9 default 
( a fri5d1 :i* is an article "o _c      
always comm&1 an acqua9tance3 because1 9

 ei!r case1 on fir/ approa*+ 8 subject1 
suspicion w\ld be dis>m$3 :]eas a /rang]
 might take al>m1 & f9d 9 ! v c\nt5ance 
( 8 murd]] elect a w>n+ summons to place
 himself on gu>d4 ,h[ev]1 9 ! pres5t    
ease1 8 de/9$ victim 0 suppos$ to unite 
bo? *>act]s3 orig9ally he _h be5 a      
fri5d2 b subsequ5tly1 on good cause     
aris+1 he _h become an enemy4 ,or m     
probably1 z o!rs said1 ! feel+s _h long 
s9ce langui%$ :i* gave life to ei!r     
relation ( fri5d%ip or ( enmity4 ,m>r 0 
! "n ( t unhappy man1 :o 7:e!r 9 ! "* ( 
fri5d or enemy7 _h be5 select$ = !      
subject ( ?is pres5t ,saturday night's  
p]=mance4 ,& ! /ory curr5t at t "t ab\t 
! connection betwe5 ,williams & ,m>r1   
hav+ 7:e!r true or n true7 nev] be5     
contradict$ ^u au?ority1 01 t !y sail$ 9
 ! same ,indiaman to ,calcutta2 t !y _h 
qu>rell$ :5 at sea2 b ano!r v]sion ( !  
/ory said--no3 !y _h qu>rell$ aft]      
return+ f sea2 & ! subject ( _! qu>rel 0
 ,mrs4 ,m>r1 a v pretty "y woman1 = ^:  
favor !y _h be5 rival c&idates1 & at "o 

"t ) mo/ bitt] enmity t[>ds ea* o!r4 ,"s
 circum/ances give a color ( probability
 to ?is /ory4 ,o!rwise x has sometimes  
happ5$1 on occasion ( a murd] n         
suffici5tly acc\nt$ =1 t1 f pure        
goodness ( he>t intol]ant ( a m]e sordid
 motive = a /rik+ murd]1 "s p]son has   
=g$1 & ! public has accr$it$1 a /ory    
repres5t+ ! murd]] z hav+ mov$ "u "s    
l(ti] excitem5t3 & 9 ?is case ! public1 
too mu* %ock$ at ! idea ( ,williams hav+
 on ! s+le motive ( ga9 consummat$ s    
complex a trag$y1 welcom$ ! tale :i*    
repres5t$ him z gov]n$ by deadly malice1
 gr[+ out ( ! m impassion$ & noble      
rivalry = ! favor ( a woman4 ,! case    
rema9s 9 "s degree d\btful2 b1 c]ta9ly1 
! probability is1 t ,mrs4 ,m>r _h be5 ! 
true cause1 ! causa tet]rima1 ( ! feud  
betwe5 ! m54 ,meantime1 ! m9utes are    
numb]$1 ! s&s ( ! h\r-glass are runn+   
out1 t measure ! duration ( ?is feud ^u 
e>?4 ,?is night x %all cease4 ,to-morr[ 
is ! day :i* 9 ,engl& !y call ,sunday1  
:i* 9 ,scotl& !y call by ! ,judaic "n ( 

',sabba?4' ,to bo? nations1 "u diff]5t  
names1 ! day has ! same functions2 to   
bo? x is a day ( re/4 ,= !e also1 ,m>r1 
x %all be a day ( re/2 s is x writt52   
?\1 too1 "y ,m>r1 %alt f9d re/--?\1 & ?y
 h\sehold1 & ! /rang] t is )9 ?y gates4 
,b t re/ mu/ be 9 ! _w :i* lies beyond !
 grave4 ,on ?is side ! grave ye h all   
slept y\r f9al sleep4  ,! night 0 "o (  
exce$+ d>kness2 & 9 ?is humble qu>t] (  
,london1 :atev] ! night happ5$ to be1   
light or d>k1 quiet or /ormy1 all %ops 7
 kept op5 on ,saturday nights until     
twelve o'clock1 at ! lea/1 & _m = half  
an h\r long]4 ,!re 0 no rigor\s &       
p$antic ,jewi% sup]/ition ab\t ! exact  
limits ( ,sunday4 ,at ! v wor/1 !       
,sunday /ret*$ ov] f "o o'clock1 ,a4 ,m4
 ( "o day1 up to eight o'clock ,a4 ,m4 (
 ! next1 mak+ a cle> circuit ( ?irty-"o 
h\rs4 ,?is1 surely1 0 long en\gh4 ,m>r1 
on ?is p>ticul> ,saturday night1 w\ld be
 cont5t if x 7 ev5 %ort]1 provid$ x w\ld
 come m quickly1 = he has be5 toil+     
?r\gh sixte5 h\rs beh9d 8 c\nt]4 ,m>r's 

position 9 life 0 ?is3 he kept a little 
hosi]'s %op1 & _h inve/$ 9 8 /ock & !   
fitt+s ( 8 %op ab\t #ahj p\nds4 ,l all  
m5 engag$ 9 trade1 he suff]$ "s         
anxieties4 ,he 0 a new beg9n]2 b1       
already1 bad debts _h al>m$ him2 & bills
 7 com+ to maturity t 7 n likely to be  
met by comm5surate sales4 ,yet1         
con/itutionally1 he 0 a sangu9e hop]4   
,at ?is "t he 0 a /\t1 fre%-color$ "y   
man ( tw5ty-sev52 9 "s slight degree    
uneasy f 8 comm]cial prospects1 b /ill  
*e]ful1 & anticipat+--7h[ va9ly67--t =  
?is night1 & ! next night1 at lea/1 he w
 re/ 8 we>i$ head & 8 c>es ^u ! fai?ful 
bosom ( 8 sweet lovely "y wife4 ,!      
h\sehold ( ,m>r1 consi/+ ( five p]sons1 
is z foll[s3 ,fir/1 !re is himself1 :o1 
if he %\ld happ5 to be ru9$1 9 a limit$ 
comm]cial s5se1 has en]gy en\gh to jump 
up aga91 l a pyramid ( fire1 & so> high 
above ru9 _m times repeat$4 ,yes1 poor  
,m>r1 s x might be1 if ?\ w]t left to ?y
 native en]gies unmole/$2 b ev5 n[ !re  
/&s on ! o!r side ( ! /reet "o born (   

hell1 :o puts 8 p]emptory negative on   
all ^! flatt]+ prospects4 ,second 9 !   
li/ ( 8 h\sehold1 /&s 8 pretty & amiable
 wife1 :o is happy aft] ! fa%ion (      
y\?ful wives1 = %e is only tw5ty-two1 & 
anxi\s 7if at all7 only on acc\nt ( h]  
d>l+ infant4 ,=1 ?irdly1 !re is 9 a     
cradle1 n q n9e feet bel[ ! /reet1 viz41
 9 a w>m1 cosy kit*51 & rock$ at        
int]vals by ! "y "m1 a baby eight mon?s 
old4 ,n9ete5 mon?s h ,m>r & h]self be5  
m>ri$2 & ?is is _! fir/-born *ild4      
,grieve n = ?is *ild1 t x mu/ keep !    
deep re/ ( ,sunday 9 "s o!r _w2 = :]e=e 
%\ld an orphan1 /eep$ to ! lips 9       
pov]ty1 :5 once b]eav$ ( fa!r & "m1 l+] 
^u an ali5 & murd]\s e>?8 ,f\r?ly1 !re  
is a /\ti% boy1 an appr5tice1 say ?irte5
 ye>s old2 a ,devon%ire boy1 ) h&some   
features1 su* z mo/ ,devon%ire y\?s h2  
#c satisfi$ ) 8 place2 n ov]work$2      
treat$ k9dly1 & aw>e t he 0 treat$      
k9dly1 by 8 ma/] & mi/ress4 ,fif?ly1 &  
la/ly1 br++ up ! re> ( ?is quiet        
h\sehold1 is a s]vant girl1 a gr[n-up "y

 woman2 & %e1 be+ p>ticul>ly k9d-he>t$1 
occupi$ 7z (t5 happ5s 9 families (      
humble pret5sions z to rank7 a sort (   
si/]ly place 9 h] relation to h]        
mi/ress4 ,a great democratic *ange is at
 ?is v "t 7#ahed71 & has be5 = tw5ty    
ye>s1 pass+ ov] ,briti% society4        
,multitudes ( p]sons are becom+ a%am$ ( 
say+1 'my ma/]1' or 'my mi/ress3' ! t]m 
n[ 9 ! sl[ process ( sup]s$+ x is1 'my  
employ]4' ,n[1 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 su* an
 expression ( democratic hauteur1 ?\gh  
disagreeable z a ne$less proclamation ( 
indep5d5ce :i* nobody is disput+1       
leaves1 h[ev]1 no la/+ bad effect4 ,= ! 
dome/ic 'helps' are pretty g5]ally 9 a  
/ate ( transition s sure & s rapid to ! 
head%ip ( dome/ic e/abli%m5ts belong+ to
 !mselves1 t 9 effect !y are b ignor+1 =
 ! pres5t mom5t1 a relation :i* w\ld at 
any rate dissolve itself 9 a ye> or two4
 ,b 9 ,engl&1 :]e no su* res\rces exi/ (
 ev]la/+ surplus l&s1 ! t5d5cy ( ! *ange
 is pa9ful4 ,x c>ries ) x a sull5 & a   
co>se expression ( immunity f a yoke :i*

 0 9 any case a light "o1 & (t5 a b5ign 
"o4 ,9 "s o!r place ,i w illu/rate my   
mean+4 ,"h1 app>5tly1 9 ,mrs4 ,m>r's    
s]vice1 ! pr9ciple conc]n$ illu/rat$    
itself practically4 ,m>y1 ! female      
s]vant1 felt a s9c]e & unaffect$ respect
 = a mi/ress :om %e saw s /eadily       
occupi$ ) h] dome/ic duties1 & :o1 ?\gh 
s "y1 & inve/$ ) "s slight au?ority1    
nev] ex]t$ x caprici\sly1 or ev5 %[$ x  
at all conspici\sly4 ,accord+ to !      
te/imony ( all ! neighbors1 %e treat$ h]
 mi/ress ) a %ade ( unobtrusive respect 
on ! "o h&1 & yet 0 eag] to relieve h]1 
:5ev] t 0 possible1 f ! weight ( h]     
mat]nal duties1 ) ! *e]ful volunt>y     
s]vice ( a si/]4  ,to ?is "y woman x 01 
t1 sudd5ly1 )9 ?ree or f\r m9utes (     
midnight1 ,m>r call$ al\d f ! head ( !  
/airs--direct+ h] to g out & pur*ase "s 
oy/]s = ! family supp]4 ,^u :at sl5d]   
accid5ts hang (t5times solemn lifelong  
results6 ,m>r occupi$ 9 ! conc]ns ( 8   
%op1 ,mrs4 ,m>r occupi$ ) "s little     
ailm5t & re/lessness ( h] baby1 _h bo?  

=gott5 ! affair ( supp]2 ! "t 0 n[ n>r[+
 e mom5t1 z reg>d$ any v>iety ( *oice2 &
 oy/]s 7 p]haps ord]$ z ! likelie/      
article to be _h at all1 aft] twelve    
o'clock %\ld h /ruck4 ,& yet1 ^u ?is    
trivial circum/ance dep5d$ ,m>y's life4 
,_h %e be5 s5t abroad = supp] at !      
ord9>y "t ( t5 or elev5 o'clock1 x is   
almo/ c]ta9 t %e1 ! solit>y memb] ( !   
h\sehold :o escap$ f ! ext]m9at+ trag$y1
 w\ld n h escap$2 too surely %e w\ld h  
%>$ ! g5]al fate4 ,x _h n[ become       
necess>y to be quick4 ,ha/ily1 !re=e1   
receiv+ money f ,m>r ) a basket 9 h] h&1
 b unbonnet$1 ,m>y tripp$ out ( ! %op4  
,x became aft]w>ds1 on recollection1 a  
he>t-*ill+ remembrance to h]self--t1    
precisely z %e em]g$ f ! %op-door1 %e   
notic$1 on ! opposite side ( ! /reet1 by
 ! light ( ! lamps1 a man's figure2     
/ation>y at ! in/ant1 b 9 ! next in/ant 
sl[ly mov+4 ,?is 0 ,williams2 z a little
 incid5t1 ei!r j be=e or j aft] 7at     
pres5t x is impossible to say :i*71     
suffici5tly prov$4 ,n[1 :5 "o consid]s !

 inevitable hurry & trepidation ( ,m>y  
"u ! circum/ances /at$1 "t b>ely suffic+
 = any *ance ( execut+ h] err&1 x       
becomes evid5t t %e mu/ h connect$ "s   
deep feel+ ( my/]i\s uneas9ess ) !      
movem5ts ( ?is unkn[n man2 else1        
assur$ly1 %e w\ld n h f\nd h] att5tion  
disposable = su* a case4 ,?us f>1 %e    
h]self ?rew "s little light ^u :at x    
might be t1 semi- consci\sly1 0 !n pass+
 ?r\gh h] m9d2 %e said1 t1 not)/&+ !    
d>kness1 :i* w\ld n p]mit h] to trace ! 
man's features1 or to asc]ta9 ! exact   
direction ( 8 eyes1 x yet /ruck h]1 t f 
8 c>riage :5 9 motion1 & f ! app>5t     
incl9ation ( 8 p]son1 he mu/ be look+ at
 ,no4 #bi4  ,! little incid5t :i* ,i h  
allud$ to z confirm+ ,m>y's belief 01 t1
 at "s p]iod n v f> f midnight1 !       
wat*man _h specially notic$ ?is /rang]2 
he _h obs]v$ him cont9ually peep+ into !
 w9d[ ( ,m>r's %op2 & _h ?\ght ?is act1 
connect$ ) ! man's appe>ance1 s         
suspici\s1 t he /epp$ into ,m>r's %op1 &
 communicat$ :at he _h se54 ,?is fact he

 aft]w>ds /at$ be=e ! magi/rates2 & he  
add$1 t subsequ5tly1 viz41 a few m9utes 
aft] twelve 7eight or t5 m9utes1        
probably1 aft] ! dep>ture ( ,m>y71 he 7!
 wat*man71 :5 re-ent]+ ^u 8 ord9>y      
half-h\rly beat1 0 reque/$ by ,m>r to   
assi/ him 9 clos+ ! %utt]s4 ,"h !y _h a 
f9al communication ) ea* o!r2 & !       
wat*man m5tion$ to ,m>r t ! my/]i\s     
/rang] _h n[ app>5tly tak5 himself (f2 =
 t he _h n be5 visible s9ce ! fir/      
communication made to ,m>r by ! wat*man4
 ,!re is little d\bt t ,williams _h     
obs]v$ ! wat*man's visit to ,m>r1 & _h  
?us _h 8 att5tion seasonably drawn to ! 
indiscretion ( 8 own demeanor2 s t !    
w>n+1 giv5 unavail+ly to ,m>r1 _h be5   
turn$ to acc\nt by ,williams4 ,!re c be 
/ill less d\bt1 t ! bloodh\nd _h comm5c$
 8 "w )9 "o m9ute ( ! wat*man's assi/+  
,m>r to put up 8 %utt]s4 ,& on ! foll[+ 
consid]ation3--t :i* prev5t$ ,williams f
 comm5c+ ev5 e>li]1 0 ! exposure ( !    
%op's :ole int]ior to ! gaze ( /reet    
pass5g]s4 ,x 0 indisp5sable t ! %utt]s  

%\ld be accurately clos$ be=e ,williams 
c\ld safely get to "w4 ,b1 z soon z ev] 
?is prelim9>y precaution _h be5         
complet$1 once hav+ secur$ t concealm5t 
f ! public eye x !n became ( /ill great]
 importance n to lose a mom5t by delay1 
?an previ\sly x _h be5 n to haz>d any ?+
 by precipitance4 ,= all dep5d$ ^u go+ 9
 be=e ,m>r %\ld h lock$ ! door4 ,on any 
o!r mode ( effect+ an entrance 7z1 =    
in/ance1 by wait+ = ! return ( ,m>y1 &  
mak+ 8 entrance simultane\sly ) h]71 x w
 be se5 t ,williams mu/ h =feit$ t      
p>ticul> advantage :i* mute facts1 :5   
read into _! true con/ruction1 w soon %[
 ! read] t he mu/ h employ$4 ,williams  
wait$1 ( necessity1 = ! s\nd ( !        
wat*man's retreat+ /eps2 wait$1 p]haps1 
= ?irty seconds2 b :5 t dang] 0 pa/1 !  
next dang] 01 le/ ,m>r %\ld lock ! door2
 "o turn ( ! key1 & ! murd]] w\ld h be5 
lock$ out4 ,91 !re=e1 he bolt$1 & by a  
dext]\s movem5t ( 8 left h&1 no d\bt1   
turn$ ! key1 )\t lett+ ,m>r p]ceive ?is 
fatal /ratagem4 ,x is really wond]ful & 

mo/ int]e/+ to pursue ! successive /eps 
( ?is mon/]1 & to notice ! absolute     
c]ta9ty ) :i* ! sil5t hi]oglyphics ( !  
case betray to u ! :ole process &       
movem5ts ( ! bloody drama1 n less surely
 & fully ?an if we _h be5 ourselves     
hidd5 9 ,m>r's %op1 or _h look$ d[n f ! 
heav5s ( m]cy ^u ?is hell-kite1 t knew n
 :at m]cy meant4 ,t he _h conceal$ f    
,m>r 8 trick1 secret & rapid1 ^u ! lock1
 is evid5t2 because else1 ,m>r w\ld     
in/antly h tak5 ! al>m1 especially aft] 
:at ! wat*man _h communicat$4 ,b x w    
soon be se5 t ,m>r _h n be5 al>m$4 ,9   
reality1 t[>ds ! full success (         
,williams1 x 0 important1 9 ! la/       
degree1 to int]cept & =e/all any yell or
 %\t ( agony f ,m>r4 ,su* an outcry1 & 9
 a situation s sl5d]ly f5c$ (f f !      
/reet1 viz41 by walls ! v ?9ne/1 makes  
itself he>d outside pretty ne>ly z well 
z if x 7 utt]$ 9 ! /reet4 ,su* an outcry
 x 0 indisp5sable to /ifle4 ,x 0 /ifl$2 
& ! read] w soon und]/& h[4 ,meantime1  
at ?is po9t1 let u leave ! murd]] alone 

) 8 victims4 ,= fifty m9utes let him "w 
8 pleasure4 ,! front-door1 z we "k1 is  
n[ fa/5$ aga9/ all help4 ,help !re is   
none4 ,let u1 !re=e1 9 vision1 atta*    
ourselves to ,m>y2 &1 :5 all is ov]1 let
 u come back ) h]1 aga9 raise ! curta91 
& read ! dreadful record ( all t has    
pass$ 9 h] abs5ce4  ,! poor girl1 uneasy
 9 h] m9d to an ext5t t %e c\ld b half  
und]/&1 roam$ up & d[n 9 se>* ( an oy/] 
%op2 & f9d+ none t 0 /ill op51 )9 any   
circuit t h] ord9>y exp]i5ce _h made h] 
acqua9t$ )1 %e fanci$ x be/ to try !    
*ances ( "s remot] di/rict4 ,lights %e  
saw gleam+ or tw9kl+ at a di/ance1 t    
/ill tempt$ h] onw>ds2 & ?us1 among/    
unkn[n /reets poorly light$1 #d & on a  
night ( peculi> d>kness1 & 9 a region ( 
,london :]e f]oci\s tumults 7 cont9ually
 turn+ h] out ( :at seem$ to be ! direct
 c\rse1 naturally %e got bewild]$4 ,!   
purpose ) :i* %e />t$1 _h by ?is "t     
become hopeless4 ,no?+ rema9$ = h] n[ b 
to retrace h] /eps4 ,b ?is 0 difficult2 
= %e 0 afraid to ask directions f *ance 

pass5g]s1 ^: appe>ance ! d>kness prev5t$
 h] f reconnoitr+4 ,at l5g? by 8 lant]n 
%e recogniz$ a wat*man2 ?r\gh him %e 0  
guid$ into ! "r road2 & 9 t5 m9utes m1  
%e f\nd h]self back at ! door ( ,no4    
#bi1 9 ,ratcliffe ,highway4 ,b by ?is "t
 %e felt satisfi$ t %e mu/ h be5 abs5t =
 fifty or sixty m9utes2 inde$1 %e _h    
he>d1 at a di/ance1 ! cry ( pa/ "o      
o'clock1 :i*1 comm5c+ a few seconds aft]
 "o1 la/$ int]mitt+ly = t5 or ?irte5    
m9utes4  ,9 ! tumult ( agoniz+ ?\ghts t 
v soon surpris$ h]1 naturally x became  
h>d = h] to recall di/9ctly ! :ole      
succession ( d\bts1 & jeal\sies1 & %ad[y
 misgiv+s t soon op5$ ^u h]4 ,b1 s f> z 
c\ld be collect$1 %e _h n 9 ! fir/ mom5t
 ( rea*+ home notic$ any?+ decisively   
al>m+4 ,9 v _m cities bells are ! ma9   
in/rum5ts = communicat+ betwe5 ! /reet &
 ! int]ior ( h\ses3 b 9 ,london knock]s 
prevail4 ,at ,m>r's !re 0 bo? a knock] &
 a bell4 ,m>y rang1 & at ! same "t v    
g5tly knock$4 ,%e _h no fe> ( di/urb+ h]
 ma/] or mi/ress2 !m %e made sure ( f9d+

 /ill up4 ,h] anxiety 0 = ! baby1 :o be+
 di/urb$1 might aga9 rob h] mi/ress ( a 
night's re/4 ,& %e well knew t1 ) ?ree p
 all anxi\sly await+ h] return1 & by ?is
 "t1 p]haps1 s]i\sly uneasy at h] delay1
 ! lea/ audible :isp] f h]self w\ld 9 a 
mom5t br+ "o ( !m to ! door4 ,yet h[ is 
?is8 ,to h] a/oni%m5t1 b ) ! a/oni%m5t  
came creep+ ov] h] an icy horror1 no /ir
 nor murmur 0 he>d asc5d+ f ! kit*54 ,at
 ?is mom5t came back ^u h]1 ) %udd]+    
angui%1 ! indi/9ct image ( ! /rang] 9 ! 
loose d>k coat1 :om %e _h se5 /eal+     
along "u ! %ad[y lamp-light1 & too      
c]ta9ly wat*+ h] ma/]'s motions3 ke5ly  
%e n[ reproa*$ h]self t1 "u :atev] /ress
 ( hurry1 %e _h n acqua9t$ ,mr4 ,m>r ) !
 suspici\s appe>ances4 ,poor girl6 %e   
did n !n "k t1 if ?is communication c\ld
 h avail$ to put ,m>r ^u 8 gu>d1 x _h   
rea*$ him f ano!r qu>t]2 s t h] own     
omission1 :i* _h 9 reality aris5 "u h]  
hurry to execute h] ma/]'s commission1  
c\ld n be *>g$ ) any bad consequ5ces4 ,b
 all su* reflections ?is way or t 7     

swall[$ up at ?is po9t 9 ov]-ma/]+      
panic4 ,t h] d\ble summons c\ld h be5   
unnotic$--?is solit>y fact 9 "o mom5t   
made a revelation ( horror4 ,"o p]son   
might h fall5 asleep1 b two--b ?ree--t 0
 a m]e impossibility4 ,& ev5 suppos+ all
 ?ree toge!r ) ! baby lock$ 9 sleep1    
/ill h[ unacc\ntable 0 ?is utt]--utt]   
sil5ce6 ,mo/ naturally at ?is mom5t     
some?+ l hy/]ical horror ov]%ad[$ ! poor
 girl1 & n[ at la/ %e rang ! bell ) !   
viol5ce t belongs to sick5+ t]ror4 ,?is 
done1 %e paus$3 self-comm& en\gh %e /ill
 reta9$1 ?\gh fa/ & fa/ x 0 slipp+ away 
f h]1 to be?9k h]self--t1 if any        
ov]:elm+ accid5t _h compell$ bo? ,m>r & 
8 appr5tice-boy to leave ! h\se 9 ord]  
to summon surgical aid f opposite       
qu>t]s--a ?+ b>ely supposable--/ill1 ev5
 9 t case ,mrs4 ,m>r & h] infant w\ld be
 left2 & "s murmur+ reply1 "u any       
extremity1 w\ld be elicit$ f ! poor "m4 
,to pause1 !re=e1 to impose /]n sil5ce  
^u h]self1 s z to leave room = !        
possible answ] to ?is f9al appeal1      

became a duty ( spasmodic ef=t4 ,li/51  
!re=e1 poor trembl+ he>t2 li/51 & =     
tw5ty seconds be /ill z dea?4 ,/ill z   
dea? %e 03 & dur+ t dreadful /illness1  
:5 %e hu%$ h] brea? t %e might li/51    
occurr$ an incid5t ( kill+ fe>1 t to h] 
dy+ day w\ld nev] cease to r5ew its     
e*oes 9 h] e>4 ,%e1 ,m>y1 ! poor trembl+
 girl1 *eck+ & ov]rul+ h]self by a f9al 
ef=t1 t %e might leave full op5+ = h]   
de> "y mi/ress's answ] to h] own la/    
frantic appeal1 he>d at la/ & mo/       
di/9ctly a s\nd )9 ! h\se4 ,yes1 n[     
beyond a d\bt !re is com+ an answ] to h]
 summons4 ,:at 0 x8 ,on ! /airs1 n !    
/airs t l$ d[nw>ds to ! kit*51 b ! /airs
 t l$ upw>ds to ! s+le /ory ( b$-*amb]s 
above1 0 he>d a creak+ s\nd4 ,next 0    
he>d mo/ di/9ctly a footfall3 "o1 two1  
?ree1 f\r1 five /airs 7 sl[ly & di/9ctly
 desc5d$4 ,!n ! dreadful foot/eps 7 he>d
 advanc+ along ! little n>r[ passage to 
! door4 ,! /eps--oh heav5s6 ^: /eps8--h 
paus$ at ! door4 ,! v brea?+ c be he>d (
 t dreadful be+1 :o has sil5c$ all      

brea?+ except 8 own 9 ! h\se4 ,!re is b 
a door betwe5 him & ,m>y4 ,:at is he do+
 on ! o!r side ( ! door8 ,a cauti\s /ep1
 a /eal?y /ep x 0 t came d[n ! /airs1 !n
 pac$ along ! little n>r[ passage--n>r[ 
z a c(f9--till at la/ ! /ep pauses at ! 
door4 ,h[ h>d ! fell[ brea!s6 ,he1 !    
solit>y murd]]1 is on "o side ! door2   
,m>y is on ! o!r side4 ,n[1 suppose t he
 %\ld sudd5ly op5 ! door1 & t           
incauti\sly 9 ! d>k ,m>y %\ld ru% 91 &  
f9d h]self 9 ! arms ( ! murd]]4 ,?us f> 
! case is a possible "o--t to a c]ta9ty1
 _h ?is little trick be5 tri$ imm$iately
 ^u ,m>y's return1 x w\ld h succe$$2 _h 
! door be5 op5$ sudd5ly ^u h] fir/      
t+le-t+le1 headlong %e w\ld h tumbl$ 91 
& p]i%$4 ,b n[ ,m>y is ^u h] gu>d4 ,!   
unkn[n murd]] & %e h bo? _! lips ^u !   
door1 li/5+1 brea?+ h>d2 b luckily !y   
are on diff]5t sides ( ! door2 & ^u !   
lea/ indication ( unlock+ or unlat*+1 %e
 w\ld h recoil$ into ! asylum ( g5]al   
d>kness4  ,:at 0 ! murd]]'s mean+ 9 com+
 along ! passage to ! front door8 ,!    

mean+ 0 ?is3 sep>ately1 z an individual1
 ,m>y 0 wor? no?+ at all to him4 ,b1    
consid]$ z a memb] ( a h\sehold1 %e _h  
?is value1 viz41 t %e1 if caught &      
murd]$1 p]fect$ & r\nd$ ! desolation ( !
 h\se4 ,! case be+ report$1 z report$ x 
w\ld be all ov] ,*ri/5dom1 l$ !         
imag9ation captive4 ,! :ole covey (     
victims 0 ?us nett$2 ! h\sehold ru9 0   
?us full & orbicul>2 & 9 t proportion ! 
t5d5cy ( m5 & wom51 flutt] z !y might1  
w\ld be helplessly & hopelessly to s9k  
into ! all-conqu]+ h&s ( ! mighty       
murd]]4 ,he _h b to say--my te/imonials 
are dat$ f ,no4 #bi ,ratcliffe ,highway1
 & ! poor vanqui%$ imag9ation sank      
p[]less be=e ! fasc9at+ rattlesnake eye 
( ! murd]]4 ,!re is n a d\bt t ! motive 
( ! murd]] = /&+ on ! inn] side ( ,m>r's
 front-door1 :il/ ,m>y /ood on !        
outside1 0--a hope t1 if he quietly op5$
 ! door1 :isp]+ly c\nt]feit+ ,m>r's     
voice1 & say+1 ,:at made y /ay s long8  
possibly %e might h be5 inveigl$4 ,he 0 
wrong2 ! "t 0 pa/ = t2 ,m>y 0 n[        

maniacally awake2 %e began n[ to r+ !   
bell & to ply ! knock] ) un9t]mitt+     
viol5ce4 ,& ! natural consequ5ce 01 t ! 
next door neighbor1 :o _h rec5tly gone  
to b$ & in/antly fall5 asleep1 0 r\s$2 &
 by ! incessant viol5ce ( ! r++ & !     
knock+1 :i* n[ obey$ a deliri\s &       
uncontrollable impulse 9 ,m>y1 he became
 s5sible t "s v dreadful ev5t mu/ be at 
! root ( s clamor\s an upro>4 ,to rise1 
to ?r[ up ! sa%1 to dem& angrily ! cause
 ( ?is unseasonable tumult1 0 ! "w ( a  
mom5t4 ,! poor girl rema9$ suffici5tly  
mi/ress ( h]self rapidly to expla9 !    
circum/ance ( h] own abs5ce = an h\r2 h]
 belief t ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,m>r's family _h 
all be5 murd]$ 9 ! int]val2 & t at ?is v
 mom5t ! murd]] 0 9 ! h\se4  ,! p]son to
 :om %e address$ ?is /atem5t 0 a        
pawnbrok]2 & a ?or\ghly brave man he mu/
 h be52 = x 0 a p]il\s und]tak+1 m]ely z
 a trial ( physical /r5g?1 s+ly to face 
a my/]i\s assass91 :o _h app>5tly       
signaliz$ 8 pr[ess by a triumph s       
compreh5sive4 ,b1 aga91 = ! imag9ation x

 requir$ an ef=t ( self-conque/ to ru%  
headlong into ! pres5ce ( "o inve/$ ) a 
cl\d ( my/]y1 ^: nation1 age1 motives1 7
 all alike unkn[n4 ,r>ely on any field (
 battle has a soldi] be5 call$ ^u to    
face s complex a dang]4 ,= if ! entire  
family ( 8 neighbor ,m>r _h be5         
ext]m9at$1 7 ?is inde$ true1 su* a scale
 ( blood%$ w\ld seem to argue t !re mu/ 
h be5 two p]sons z ! p]petrators2 or if 
"o s+ly _h accompli%$ su* a ru91 9 t    
case h[ colossal mu/ h be5 8 audacity6  
probably1 also1 8 skill & animal p[]6   
,moreov]1 ! unkn[n enemy 7:e!r s+le or  
d\ble7 w\ld1 d\btless1 be elaborately   
arm$4 ,yet1 "u all ^! disadvantages1 did
 ?is fe>less man ru% at once to ! field 
( but*]y 9 8 neighbor's h\se4 ,wait+    
only to draw on 8 tr\s]s1 & to arm      
himself ) ! kit*5 pok]1 he w5t d[n into 
8 own little back-y>d4 ,on ?is mode (   
approa*1 he w\ld h a *ance ( int]cept+ !
 murd]]2 :]eas f ! front !re w\ld be no 
su* *ance2 & !re w\ld also be           
consid]able delay 9 ! process ( break+  

op5 ! door4 ,a brick wall1 n9e or t5    
feet high1 divid$ 8 own back premises f 
^? ( ,m>r4 ,ov] ?is he vault$2 & at !   
mom5t :5 he 0 recall+ himself to !      
necessity ( go+ back = a c&le1 he       
sudd5ly p]ceiv$ a feeble ray ( light    
already glimm]+ on "s "p ( ,m>r's       
premises4 ,m>r's back-door /ood wide    
op54 ,probably ! murd]] _h pass$ ?r\gh x
 "o half m9ute be=e4 ,rapidly ! brave   
man pass$ onw>ds to ! %op1 & !re beheld 
! c>nage ( ! night /ret*$ out on !      
floor1 & ! n>r[ premises s float$ )     
gore1 t x 0 h>dly possible to escape !  
pollution ( blood 9 pick+ out a pa? to !
 front-door4 ,9 ! lock ( ! door /ill    
rema9$ ! key :i* _h giv5 to ! unkn[n    
murd]] s fatal an advantage ov] 8       
victims4 ,by ?is "t1 ! he>t- %ak+ news  
involv$ 9 ! outcries ( ,m>y 7to :om x   
occurr$ t by possibility "s "o out ( s  
_m victims might /ill be )9 ! rea* (    
m$ical aid1 b t all w\ld dep5d ^u spe$7 
_h avail$1 ev5 at t late h\r1 to ga!r a 
small mob ab\t ! h\se4 ,! pawnbrok] ?rew

 op5 ! door4 ,"o or two wat*m5 head$ !  
cr[d2 b ! s\l-h>r[+ spectacle *eck$ !m1 
& impress$ sudd5 sil5ce ^u _! voices1   
previ\sly s l\d4 ,! tragic drama read   
al\d its own hi/ory1 & ! succession (   
its sev]al /eps--few & summ>y4 ,! murd]]
 0 z yet altoge!r unkn[n2 n ev5         
suspect$4 ,b !re 7 reasons = ?9k+ t he  
mu/ h be5 a p]son famili>ly kn[n to     
,m>r4 ,he _h ent]$ ! %op by op5+ ! door 
aft] x _h be5 clos$ by ,m>r4 ,b x 0     
ju/ly argu$--t1 aft] ! caution convey$  
to ,m>r by ! wat*man1 ! appe>ance ( any 
/rang] 9 ! %op at t h\r1 & 9 s dang]\s a
 neighborhood1 & ent]+ by s irregul> &  
suspici\s a c\rse1 7i4e41 walk+ 9 aft] !
 door _h be5 clos$1 & aft] ! clos+ ( !  
%utt]s _h cut (f all op5 communication )
 ! /reet71 w\ld naturally h r\s$ ,m>r to
 an attitude ( vigilance & self-def5ce4 
,any indication1 !re=e1 t ,m>r _h n be5 
s r\s$1 w\ld argue to a c]ta9ty t some?+
 _h occurr$ to neutralize ?is al>m1 &   
fatally to dis>m ! prud5t jeal\sies (   
,m>r4 ,b ?is 'some?+' c\ld only h la9 9 

"o simple fact1 viz41 t ! p]son ( !     
murd]] 0 famili>ly kn[n to ,m>r z t ( an
 ord9>y & unsuspect$ acqua9tance4 ,?is  
be+ presuppos$ z ! key to all ! re/1 !  
:ole c\rse & evolution ( ! subsequ5t    
drama becomes cle> z daylight4 ,!       
murd]]1 x is evid5t1 _h op5$ g5tly1 &   
aga9 clos$ beh9d him ) equal g5tl5ess1 !
 /reet-door4 ,he _h !n advanc$ to !     
little c\nt]1 all ! :ile ex*ang+ !      
ord9>y salutation ( an old acqua9tance )
 ! unsuspect+ ,m>r4 ,hav+ rea*$ ! c\nt]1
 he w\ld !n ask ,m>r = a pair ( unblea*$
 cotton socks4 ,9 a %op s small z       
,m>r's1 !re c\ld be no great latitude ( 
*oice = dispos+ ( ! diff]5t commodities4
 ,! arrangem5t ( ^! _h no d\bt become   
famili> to ! murd]]2 & he _h already    
asc]ta9$ t1 9 ord] to rea* d[n !        
p>ticul> p>cel want$ at pres5t1 ,m>r    
w\ld f9d x requisite to face r\nd to !  
re>1 &1 at ! same mom5t1 to raise 8 eyes
 & 8 h&s to a level eighte5 in*es above 
8 own head4 ,?is movem5t plac$ him 9 !  
mo/ disadvantage\s possible position )  

reg>d to ! murd]]1 :o n[1 at ! in/ant :5
 ,m>r's h&s & eyes 7 emb>rass$1 & ! back
 ( 8 head fully expos$1 sudd5ly f bel[ 8
 l>ge surt\t1 _h unslung a heavy        
%ip-c>p5t]'s mallet1 &1 ) "o solit>y    
bl[1 _h s ?or\ghly /unn$ 8 victim1 z to 
leave him incapable ( resi/ance4 ,! :ole
 position ( ,m>r told its own tale4 ,he 
_h collaps$ naturally beh9d ! c\nt]1 ) 8
 h&s s occupi$ z to confirm ! :ole      
outl9e ( ! affair z ,i h "h sugge/$ x4  
,probable en\gh x is t ! v fir/ bl[1 !  
fir/ indication ( trea*]y t rea*$ ,m>r1 
w\ld also be ! la/ bl[ z reg>d$ !       
abolition ( consci\sness4 ,! murd]]'s   
plan & rationale ( murd] />t$           
sy/ematically f ?is infliction (        
apoplexy1 or at lea/ ( a /unn+ suffici5t
 to insure a long loss ( consci\sness4  
,?is op5+ /ep plac$ ! murd]] at 8 ease4 
,b /ill1 z return+ s5se might con/antly 
h l$ to ! fulle/ exposures1 x 0 8 settl$
 practice1 by way ( consummation1 to cut
 ! ?roat4 ,to "o inv>iable type all !   
murd]s on ?is occasion con=m$3 ! skull 0

 fir/ %att]$2 ?is /ep secur$ ! murd]] f 
in/ant retaliation2 & !n1 by way ( lock+
 up all into et]nal sil5ce1 uni=mly !   
?roat 0 cut4 ,! re/ ( ! circum/ances1 z 
self-reveal$1 7 ^!4 ,! fall ( ,m>r      
might1 probably en\gh1 cause a dull1    
confus$ s\nd ( a scuffle1 & ! m s1 z x  
c\ld n n[ be conf\nd$ ) any /reet       
upro>--! %op-door be+ %ut4 ,x is m      
probable1 h[ev]1 t ! signal = ! al>m    
pass+ d[n to ! kit*51 w\ld arise :5 !   
murd]] proce$$ to cut ,m>r's ?roat4 ,! v
 conf9$ situation beh9d ! c\nt] w\ld    
r5d] x impossible1 "u ! critical hurry (
 ! case1 to expose ! ?roat broadly2 !   
horrid sc5e w\ld proce$ by p>tial &     
int]rupt$ cuts2 deep groans w\ld arise2 
& !n w\ld come ! ru% up-/airs4 ,aga9/   
?is1 z ! only dang]\s /age 9 !          
transaction1 ! murd]] w\ld h specially  
prep>$4 ,mrs4 ,m>r & ! appr5tice-boy1   
bo? "y & active1 w\ld make1 ( c\rse1 = !
 /reet door2 _h ,m>y be5 at home1 & ?ree
 p]sons at once _h comb9$ to di/ract !  
purposes ( ! murd]]1 x is b>ely possible

 t "o ( !m w\ld h succe$$ 9 rea*+ !     
/reet4 ,b ! dreadful sw+ ( ! heavy      
mallet int]cept$ bo? ! boy & 8 mi/ress  
be=e !y c\ld rea* ! door4 ,ea* ( !m lay 
/ret*$ out on ! c5tre ( ! %op floor2 & !
 v mom5t t ?is disabl+ 0 accompli%$1 !  
accurs$ h\nd 0 d[n ^u _! ?roats ) 8     
razor4 ,! fact is1 t1 9 ! m]e bl9dness (
 pity = poor ,m>r1 on he>+ 8 groans1    
,mrs4 ,m>r _h lo/ sight ( h] obvi\s     
policy2 %e & ! boy ought to h made = !  
back door2 ! al>m w\ld ?us h be5 giv5 9 
! op5 air2 :i*1 ( itself1 0 a great     
po9t2 & sev]al means ( di/ract+ !       
murd]]'s att5tion (f]$ ^u t c\rse1 :i* !
 extreme limitation ( ! %op d5i$ to !m  
^u ! o!r4  ,va9 w\ld be all attempts to 
convey ! horror :i* ?rill$ ! ga!r+      
spectators ( ?is pite\s trag$y4 ,x 0    
kn[n to ! cr[d t "o p]son _h1 by "s     
accid5t1 escap$ ! g5]al massacre3 b %e 0
 n[ spee*less1 & probably deliri\s2 s t1
 9 compassion = h] pitiable situation1  
"o female neighbor _h c>ri$ h] away1 &  
put h] to b$4 ,h5ce x _h happ5$1 = a    

long] space ( "t ?an c\ld else h be5    
possible1 t no p]son pres5t 0           
suffici5tly acqua9t$ ) ! ,m>rs to be    
aw>e ( ! little infant2 = ! bold        
pawnbrok] _h gone (f to make a          
communication to ! coron]2 & ano!r      
neighbor to lodge "s evid5ce :i* he     
?\ght urg5t at a neighbor+ police-(fice4
 ,sudd5ly "s p]son appe>$ among/ ! cr[d 
:o 0 aw>e t ! murd]$ p>5ts _h a "y      
infant2 ?is w\ld be f\nd ei!r           
bel[-/airs1 or 9 "o ( ! b$rooms above4  
,imm$iately a /ream ( p p\r$ d[n into ! 
kit*51 :]e at once !y saw ! cradle--b ) 
! b$clo!s 9 a /ate ( indescribable      
confusion4 ,on dis5tangl+ ^!1 pools (   
blood became visible2 & ! next om9\s    
sign 01 t ! hood ( ! cradle _h be5 sma%$
 to pieces4 ,x became evid5t t ! wret*  
_h f\nd himself d\bly emb>rass$-- fir/1 
by ! ar*$ hood at ! head ( ! cradle1    
:i*1 accord+ly1 he _h beat into a ru9 ) 
8 mallet1 & secondly1 by ! ga!r+ ( !    
blankets & pill[s ab\t ! baby's head4 ,!
 free play ( 8 bl[s _h ?us be5 baffl$4  

,& he _h !re=e f9i%$ ! sc5e by apply+ 8 
razor to ! ?roat ( ! little innoc5t2    
aft] :i*1 ) no app>5t purpose1 z ?\gh he
 _h become confus$ by ! spectacle ( 8   
own atrocities1 he _h busi$ himself 9   
pil+ ! clo!s elaborately ov] ! *ild's   
corpse4 ,?is incid5t und5iably gave ! "*
 ( a v9dictive proce$+ to ! :ole affair1
 & s f> confirm$ ! curr5t rumor t !     
qu>rel betwe5 ,williams & ,m>r _h       
orig9at$ 9 rival%ip4 ,"o writ]1 inde$1  
alleg$ t ! murd]] might h f\nd x        
necess>y = 8 own safety to ext+ui% !    
cry+ ( ! *ild2 b x 0 ju/ly repli$1 t a  
*ild only eight mon?s old c\ld n h cri$ 
"u any s5se ( ! trag$y proce$+1 b simply
 9 its ord9>y way = ! abs5ce ( its "m2 &
 su* a cry1 ev5 if audible at all out ( 
! h\se1 mu/ h be5 precisely :at !       
neighbors 7 he>+ con/antly1 s t x c\ld h
 drawn no special att5tion1 nor sugge/$ 
any reasonable al>m to ! murd]]4 ,no "o 
incid5t1 inde$1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole tissue ( 
atrocities1 s mu* env5om$ ! popul> fury 
aga9/ ! unkn[n ruffian1 z ?is useless   

but*]y ( ! infant4  ,naturally1 on !    
,sunday morn+ t dawn$ f\r or five h\rs  
lat]1 ! case 0 too full ( horror n to   
diffuse itself 9 all directions2 b ,i h 
no reason to ?9k t x crept into any "o (
 ! num]\s ,sunday pap]s4 ,9 ! regul>    
c\rse1 any ord9>y occurr5ce1 n occurr+1 
or n transpir+ until fifte5 m9utes aft] 
#a ,a4 ,m4 on a ,sunday morn+1 w\ld fir/
 rea* ! public e> ?r\gh ! ,monday       
editions ( ! ,sunday pap]s1 & ! regul>  
morn+ pap]s ( ! ,monday4 ,b1 if su* 7 ! 
c\rse pursu$ on ?is occasion1 nev] c !re
 h be5 a m signal ov]sight4 ,= x is     
c]ta91 t to h met ! public dem& =       
details on ! ,sunday1 :i* might s easily
 h be5 done by cancell+ a c\ple ( dull  
columns1 & sub/itut+ a circum/antial    
n>rative1 = :i* ! pawnbrok] & ! wat*man 
c\ld h furni%$ ! mat]ials1 w\ld h made a
 small =tune4 ,by prop] h&bills disp]s$ 
?r\gh all qu>t]s ( ! inf9ite metropolis1
 two hundr$ & fifty ?\s& extra copies   
might h be5 sold2 t is1 by any j\rnal t 
%\ld h collect$ exclusive mat]ials1     

meet+ ! public excitem5t1 ev]y:]e /irr$ 
to ! c5tre by fly+ rumors1 & ev]y:]e    
burn+ = ampl] in=mation4 ,on ! ,sunday  
se'ennight 7,sunday ! octave f ! ev5t71 
took place ! fun]al ( ! ,m>rs2 9 ! fir/ 
c(f9 0 plac$ ,m>r2 9 ! second ,mrs4     
,m>r1 & ! baby 9 h] arms2 9 ! ?ird !    
appr5tice boy4 ,!y 7 buri$ side by side2
 & ?irty ?\s& labor+ p foll[$ ! fun]al  
procession1 ) horror & grief writt5 9 _!
 c\nt5ances4  ,z yet no :isp] 0 a/ir t  
indicat$1 ev5 conjecturally1 ! hide\s   
au?or ( ^! ru9s--?is patron (           
grave-digg]s4 ,_h z mu* be5 kn[n on ?is 
,sunday ( ! fun]al conc]n+ t p]son z    
became kn[n univ]sally six days lat]1 ! 
p w\ld h gone "r f ! *ur*y>d to !       
murd]]'s lodg+s1 & 7brook+ no delay7    
w\ld h torn him limb f limb4 ,z yet1    
h[ev]1 9 m]e default ( any object on :om
 reasonable suspicion c\ld settle1 !    
public wra? 0 compell$ to susp5d itself4
 ,else1 f> inde$ f %[+ any t5d5cy to    
subside1 ! public emotion /r5g!n$ e day 
conspicu\sly1 z ! rev]b]ation ( ! %ock  

began to travel back f ! prov9ces to !  
capital4 ,on e great road 9 ! k+dom1    
cont9ual arre/s 7 made ( vagrants &     
'tramp]s1' :o c\ld give no satisfactory 
acc\nt ( !mselves1 or ^: appe>ance 9 any
 respect answ]$ to ! imp]fect           
description ( ,williams furni%$ by !    
wat*man4  ,) ?is mighty tide ( pity &   
indignation po9t+ backw>ds to ! dreadful
 pa/1 !re m+l$ also 9 ! ?\ghts (        
reflect+ p]sons an "u-curr5t ( fe>ful   
expectation = ! imm$iate future4 ',!    
e>?quake1' to quote a fragm5t f a /rik+ 
passage 9 ,wordswor?--    ',! e>?quake  
is n satisfi$ at once4'  ,all p]ils1    
specially malignant1 are recurr5t4 ,a   
murd]]1 :o is su* by passion & by a     
wolfi% crav+ = blood%$ z a mode (       
unnatural luxury1 _c relapse into       
in]tia4 ,su* a man1 ev5 m ?an ! ,alp9e  
*amois hunt]1 comes to crave ! dang]s & 
! hairbread? escapes ( 8 trade1 z a     
condim5t = season+ ! insipid monotonies 
( daily life4 ,b1 ap>t f ! helli%       
in/9cts t might too surely be reli$ on =

 r5ew$ atrocities1 x 0 cle> t ! murd]] (
 ! ,m>rs1 :]esoev] lurk+1 mu/ be a ne$y 
man2 & a ne$y man ( t class lea/ likely 
to seek or to f9d res\rces 9 honorable  
modes ( indu/ry2 = :i*1 equally by      
haughty disgu/ & by disuse ( !          
appropriate habits1 m5 ( viol5ce are    
specially disqualifi$4 ,7 x1 !re=e1     
m]ely = a livelihood1 ! murd]] :om all  
he>ts 7 ye>n+ to deciph]1 might be      
expect$ to make 8 resurrection on "s    
/age ( horror1 aft] a reasonable        
int]val4 ,ev5 9 ! ,m>r murd]1 grant+ t x
 _h be5 gov]n$ *iefly by cruel &        
v9dictive impulses1 x 0 /ill cle> t !   
desire ( booty _h co-op]at$ ) su*       
feel+s4 ,equally cle> x 0 t ?is desire  
mu/ h be5 disappo9t$3 except+ ! trivial 
sum res]v$ by ,m>r = ! week's           
exp5diture1 ! murd]] f\nd1 d\btless1    
little or no?+ t he c\ld turn to acc\nt4
 ,two gu9eas1 p]haps1 w\ld be ! outside 
( :at he _h obta9$ 9 ! way ( booty4 ,a  
week or s w\ld see ! end ( t4 ,!        
conviction1 !re=e1 ( all p 01 t 9 a mon?

 or two1 :5 ! fev] ( excitem5t might a  
little h cool$ d[n1 or h be5 sup]s$$ by 
o!r topics ( fre%] int]e/1 s t ! newborn
 vigilance ( h\sehold life w\ld h _h "t 
to relax1 "s new murd]1 equally appall+1
 might be c\nt$ ^u4  ,su* 0 ! public    
expectation4 ,let ! read] !n figure to  
himself ! pure fr5zy ( horror :5 9 ?is  
hu% ( expectation1 look+1 inde$1 & wait+
 = ! unkn[n arm to /rike once m1 b n    
believ+ t any audacity c\ld be equal to 
su* an attempt z yet1 :il/ all eyes 7   
wat*+1 sudd5ly1 on ! twelf? night f !   
,m>r murd]1 a second case ( ! same      
my/]i\s nature1 a murd] on ! same       
ext]m9at+ plan 0 p]petrat$ 9 ! v same   
neighborhood4 ,x 0 on ! ,?ursday next b 
"o succe$+ to ! ,m>r murd] t ?is second 
atrocity took place2 & _m p ?\ght at !  
"t1 t 9 its dramatic features ( ?rill+  
int]e/1 ?is second case ev5 w5t beyond !
 fir/4 ,! family :i* suff]$ 9 ?is       
in/ance 0 t ( a ,mr4 ,williamson2 & !   
h\se 0 situat$1 if n absolutely 9       
,ratcliffe ,highway1 at any rate        

imm$iately r\nd ! corn] ( "s second>y   
/reet1 runn+ at "r angles to ?is public 
?or\ghf>e1 ,mr4 ,williamson 0 a         
well-kn[n & respectable man1 long settl$
 9 t di/rict2 he 0 suppos$ to be ri*2 & 
m ) a view to ! employm5t furni%$ by su*
 a call+1 ?an ) mu* anxiety = fur!r     
accumulations1 he kept a sort ( tav]n2  
:i*1 9 ?is respect1 might be consid]$ on
 an old patri>*al foot+--t1 al?\gh p (  
consid]able prop]ty resort$ to ! h\se 9 
! ev5+s1 no k9d ( anxi\s sep>ation 0    
ma9ta9$ betwe5 !m & ! o!r visitors f !  
class ( artisans or common labor]s4     
,anybody :o conduct$ himself ) propriety
 0 free to take a seat1 & call = any    
liquor t he might pref]4 ,& ?us !       
society 0 pretty miscellane\s2 9 "p     
/ation>y1 b 9 "s proportion fluctuat+4  
,! h\sehold consi/$ ( ! foll[+ five     
p]sons3--#a4 ,mr4 ,williamson1 its head1
 :o 0 an old man above sev5ty1 & 0 well 
fitt$ = 8 situation1 be+ civil1 & n at  
all morose1 b1 at ! same "t1 firm 9     
ma9ta9+ ord]2 #b4 ,mrs4 ,williamson1 8  

wife1 ab\t t5 ye>s y\ng] ?an himself2   
#c4 a little gr&-daught]1 ab\t n9e ye>s 
old2 #d4 a h\semaid1 :o 0 ne>ly =ty ye>s
 old2 #e4 a "y j\rneyman1 ag$ ab\t      
tw5ty-six1 belong+ to "s manufactur+    
e/abli%m5t 7( :at class ,i h =gott572   
nei!r d ,i rememb] ( :at nation he 04 ,x
 0 ! e/abli%$ rule at ,mr4              
,williamson's1 t1 exactly z ! clock     
/ruck elev51 all ! company1 )\t favor or
 exception1 mov$ (f4 ,t 0 "o ( ! cu/oms 
by :i*1 9 s /ormy a di/rict1 ,mr4       
,williamson _h f\nd x possible to keep 8
 h\se free f brawls4 ,on ! pres5t       
,?ursday night ev]y?+ _h gone on z      
usual1 except = "o slight %ad[ (        
suspicion1 :i* _h caught ! att5tion ( m 
p]sons ?an "o4 ,p]haps at a less agitat+
 "t x w\ld h>dly h be5 notic$2 b n[1 :5 
! fir/ "q & ! la/ 9 all social meet+s   
turn$ ^u ! ,m>rs1 & _! unkn[n murd]]1 x 
0 a circum/ance naturally fitt$ to cause
 "s uneas9ess1 t a /rang]1 ( s9i/]      
appe>ance1 9 a wide surt\t1 _h flitt$ 9 
& out ( ! room at int]vals dur+ ! ev5+2 

_h sometimes retir$ f ! light into      
obscure corn]s2 &1 by m ?an "o p]son1 _h
 be5 obs]v$ /eal+ into ! private        
passages ( ! h\se4 ,x 0 presum$ 9 g5]al1
 t ! man mu/ be kn[n to ,williamson4 ,& 
9 "s slight degree1 z an occasional     
cu/om] ( ! h\se1 x is n impossible t he 
04 ,b aft]w>ds1 ?is repulsive /rang]1 ) 
8 cadav]\s gha/l9ess1 extraord9>y hair1 
& glaz$ eyes1 %[+ himself int]mitt+ly   
?r\gh ! h\rs f #h to #aa ,p4,m41 revolv$
 ^u ! memory ( all :o _h /eadily obs]v$ 
him ) some?+ ( ! same freez+ effect z   
belongs to ! two assass9s 9 ',macbe?1'  
:o pres5t !mselves reek+ f ! murd] (    
,banquo1 & gleam+ dimly1 ) dreadful     
faces1 f ! mi/y backgr\nd1 a?w>t ! pomps
 ( ! regal banquet4  ,meantime ! clock  
/ruck elev52 ! company broke up2 ! door 
( entrance 0 ne>ly clos$2 & at ?is mom5t
 ( g5]al disp]sion ! situation ( ! five 
inmates left ^u ! premises 0 precisely  
?is3 ! ?ree eld]s1 viz41 ,williamson1 8 
wife1 & 8 female s]vant1 7 all occupi$  
on ! gr\nd floor--,williamson himself 0 

draw+ ale1 port]1 c41 = ^? neighbors1 9 
^: favor ! h\se-door _h be5 left aj>1   
until ! h\r ( twelve %\ld /rike2 ,mrs4  
,williamson & h] s]vant 7 mov+ to & fro 
betwe5 ! back-kit*5 & a little p>lor2 ! 
little gr&-daught]1 ^: sleep+-room 0 on 
! fir/ floor 7:i* t]m 9 ,london means   
always ! floor rais$ by "o flight (     
/airs above ! level ( ! /reet71 _h be5  
fa/ asleep s9ce n9e o'clock2 la/ly1 !   
j\rneyman artisan _h retir$ to re/ = "s 
"t4 ,he 0 a regul> lodg] 9 ! h\se2 & 8  
b$room 0 on ! second floor4 ,= "s "t he 
_h be5 undress$1 & _h la9 d[n 9 b$4     
,be+1 z a work+ man1 b\nd to habits (   
e>ly ris+1 he 0 naturally anxi\s to fall
 asleep z soon z possible4 ,b1 on ?is   
p>ticul> night1 8 uneas9ess1 aris+ f !  
rec5t murd]s at ,no4 #bi1 rose to a     
p>oxysm ( n]v\s excitem5t :i* kept him  
awake4 ,x is possible1 t f somebody he  
_h he>d ( ! suspici\s-look+ /rang]1 or  
might ev5 p]sonally obs]v$ him sl9k+    
ab\t4 ,b1 7 x o!rwise1 he 0 aw>e (      
sev]al circum/ances dang]\sly affect+   

?is h\se2 = in/ance1 ! ruffianism ( ?is 
:ole neighborhood1 & ! disagreeable fact
 t ! ,m>rs _h liv$ )9 a few doors ( ?is 
v h\se1 :i* aga9 argu$ t ! murd]] also  
liv$ at no great di/ance4 ,^! 7 matt]s (
 g5]al al>m4 ,b !re 7 o!rs peculi> to   
?is h\se2 9 p>ticul>1 ! notoriety (     
,williamson's opul5ce2 ! belief1 :e!r   
well or ill f\nd$1 t he accumulat$1 9   
desks & draw]s1 ! money cont9ually fl[+ 
into 8 h&s2 & la/ly1 ! dang] s          
o/5tati\sly c\rt$ by t habit ( leav+ !  
h\se-door aj> ?r\gh "o entire h\r--& t  
h\r load$ ) extra dang]1 by !           
well-adv]tis$ assurance t no collision  
ne$ be fe>$ ) *ance convivial visit]s1  
s9ce all su* p 7 bani%$ at elev54 ,a    
regulation1 :i* _h hi!rto op]at$        
b5eficially = ! "* & com=t ( ! h\se1 n[1
 on ! contr>y1 "u alt]$ circum/ances1   
became a positive proclamation (        
exposure & def5celessness1 ?r\gh "o     
entire p]iod ( an h\r4 ,williamson      
himself1 x 0 said g5]ally1 be+ a l>ge   
unwieldy man1 pa/ sev5ty1 & signally    

inactive1 ought1 9 prud5ce1 to make !   
lock+ ( 8 door co9cid5t ) ! dismissal ( 
8 ev5+ p>ty4  ,^u ^! & o!r gr\nds ( al>m
 7p>ticul>ly ?is1 t ,mrs4 ,williamson 0 
report$ to possess a consid]able        
quantity ( plate71 ! j\rneyman 0 mus+   
pa9fully1 & ! "t might be )9 tw5ty-eight
 or tw5ty-five m9utes ( twelve1 :5 all  
at once1 ) a cra%1 proclaim+ "s h& (    
hide\s viol5ce1 ! h\se-door 0 sudd5ly   
%ut & lock$4 ,"h1 !n1 beyond all d\bt1 0
 ! diabolic man1 clo!d 9 my/]y1 f ,no4  
#bi ,ratcliffe ,highway4 ,yes1 t        
dreadful be+1 :o = twelve days _h       
employ$ all ?\ghts & all tongues1 0 n[1 
too c]ta9ly1 9 ?is def5celess h\se1 &   
w\ld1 9 a few m9utes1 be face to face ) 
e "o ( its inmates4 ,a "q /ill l+]$ 9 ! 
public m9d--:e!r at ,m>r's !re might n h
 be5 two m5 at "w4 ,if s1 !re w\ld be   
two at pres5t2 & "o ( ! two w\ld be     
imm$iately disposable = ! up-/airs "w2  
s9ce no dang] c\ld obvi\sly be m        
imm$iately fatal to su* an attack ?an   
any al>m giv5 f an upp] w9d[ to !       

pass5g]s 9 ! /reet4 ,?r\gh "o half-m9ute
 ! poor panic-/rick5 man sat up         
motionless 9 b$4 ,b !n he rose1 8 fir/  
movem5t be+ t[>ds ! door ( 8 room4 ,n = 
any purpose ( secur+ x aga9/            
intrusion--too well he knew t !re 0 no  
fa/5+ ( any sort--nei!r lock1 nor bolt2 
nor 0 !re any su* moveable furniture 9 !
 room z might h avail$ to b>ricade !    
door1 ev5 if "t c\ld be c\nt$ on = su*  
an attempt4 ,x 0 no effect ( prud5ce1   
m]ely ! fasc9ation ( kill+ fe> x 01 t   
drove him to op5 ! door4 ,"o /ep br\ght 
him to ! head ( ! /airs3 he l[]$ 8 head 
ov] ! balu/rade 9 ord] to li/52 & at t  
mom5t asc5d$1 f ! little p>lor1 ?is     
agoniz+ cry f ! woman-s]vant1 ',"l      
,jesus ,*ri/6 we %all all be murd]$6'   
,:at a ,m$usa's head mu/ h lurk$ 9 ^?   
dreadful bloodless features1 & ^? glaz$ 
rigid eyes1 t seem$ rightfully belong+  
to a corpse1 :5 "o glance at !m suffic$ 
to proclaim a dea?-w>rant4  ,?ree       
sep>ate dea?-/ruggles 7 by ?is "t ov]2 &
 ! poor petrifi$ j\rneyman1 q unconsci\s

 ( :at he 0 do+1 9 bl9d1 passive1       
self-surr5d] to panic1 absolutely       
desc5d$ bo? flights ( /airs4 ,inf9ite   
t]ror inspir$ him ) ! same impulse z    
might h be5 inspir$ by headlong c\rage4 
,9 8 %irt1 & ^u old decay+ /airs1 t at  
times creak$ "u 8 feet1 he cont9u$ to   
desc5d1 until he _h rea*$ ! l[e/ /ep b  
f\r4 ,! situation 0 trem5d\s beyond any 
t is on record4 ,a sneeze1 a c\gh1 almo/
 a brea?+1 & ! "y man w\ld be a corpse1 
)\t a *ance or a /ruggle = 8 life4 ,!   
murd]] 0 at t "t 9 ! little p>lor --!   
door ( :i* p>lor fac$ y 9 desc5d+ !     
/airs2 & ?is door /ood aj>2 inde$1 mu* m
 consid]ably op5 ?an :at is und]/ood by 
! t]m 'aj>4' ,( t quadrant1 or #ij      
degrees1 :i* ! door w\ld describe 9 sw++
 s f> op5 z to /& at "r angles to !     
lobby1 or to itself1 9 a clos$ position1
 #ee degrees at ! lea/ 7 expos$4        
,consequ5tly1 two out ( ?ree corpses 7  
expos$ to ! "y man's gaze4 ,:]e 0 !     
?ird8 ,& ! murd]]--:]e 0 he8 ,z to !    
murd]]1 he 0 walk+ rapidly backw>ds &   

=w>ds 9 ! p>lor1 audible b n visible at 
fir/1 be+ engag$ ) some?+ or o!r 9 t "p 
( ! room :i* ! door /ill conceal$4 ,:at 
! some?+ might be1 ! s\nd soon expla9$2 
he 0 apply+ keys t5tatively to a        
cupbo>d1 a closet1 & a scrutoire1 9 !   
hidd5 "p ( ! room4 ,v soon1 h[ev]1 he   
came into view2 b1 =tunately = ! "y man1
 at ?is critical mom5t1 ! murd]]'s      
purpose too entirely absorb$ him to all[
 ( 8 ?r[+ a glance to ! /aircase1 on :i*
 else ! :ite figure ( ! j\rneyman1 /&+ 9
 motionless horror1 w\ld h be5 detect$ 9
 "o in/ant1 & season$ = ! grave 9 !     
second4 ,z to ! ?ird corpse1 ! miss+    
corpse1 viz41 ,mr4 ,williamson's1 t is 9
 ! cell>2 & h[ its local position c be  
acc\nt$ =1 rema9s a sep>ate "q mu*      
discuss$ at ! "t1 b nev] satisfactorily 
cle>$ up4 ,meantime1 t ,williamson 0    
dead1 became evid5t to ! "y man2 s9ce   
else he w\ld h be5 he>d /irr+ or groan+4
 ,?ree fri5ds1 !re=e1 out ( f\r1 :om !  
"y man _h p>t$ ) =ty m9utes ago1 7 n[   
ext+ui%$2 rema9$1 !re=e1 #dj p] c5t4 7a 

l>ge p] c5tage = ,williams to leave72   
rema9$1 9 fact1 himself & 8 pretty "y   
fri5d1 ! little gr&-daught]1 ^: *ildi%  
innoc5ce 0 /ill slumb]+ )\t fe> =       
h]self1 or grief = h] ag$ gr&-p>5ts4 ,if
 !y are gone = ev]1 happily "o fri5d 7= 
su* he w prove himself1 inde$1 if f su* 
a dang] he c save ?is *ild7 is pretty   
ne> to h]4 ,b alas6 he is /ill ne>] to a
 murd]]4 ,at ?is mom5t he is unn]v$ =   
any ex]tion :atev]2 he has *ang$ into a 
pill> ( ice2 = ! objects be=e him1      
sep>at$ by j ?irte5 feet1 are ^!3--,!   
h\semaid _h be5 caught by ! murd]] on h]
 knees2 %e 0 kneel+ be=e ! fire-grate1  
:i* %e _h be5 poli%+ ) black lead4 ,t "p
 ( h] task 0 f9i%$2 & %e _h pass$ on to 
ano!r task1 viz41 ! fill+ ( ! grate )   
wood & coals1 n = k9dl+ at ?is mom5t1 b 
s z to h x ready = k9dl+ on ! next day4 
,! appe>ances all %[$ t %e mu/ h be5    
engag$ 9 ?is labor at ! v mom5t :5 !    
murd]] ent]$2 & p]haps ! succession ( ! 
incid5ts arrang$ itself z foll[s3--,f ! 
awful ejaculation & l\d outcry to ,*ri/1

 z ov]he>d by ! j\rneyman1 x 0 cle> t !n
 fir/ %e _h be5 al>m$2 yet ?is 0 at lea/
 "o & a-half or ev5 two m9utes aft] !   
door-slamm+4 ,consequ5tly ! al>m :i* _h 
s fe>fully & seasonably al>m$ ! "y man1 
mu/1 9 "s unacc\ntable way1 h be5       
mis9t]pret$ by ! two wom54 ,x 0 said1 at
 ! "t1 t ,mrs4 ,williamson labor$ "u "s 
dulness ( he>+2 & x 0 conjectur$ t !    
s]vant1 hav+ h] e>s fill$ ) ! noise ( h]
 own scrubb+1 & h] head half "u ! grate1
 might h conf\nd$ x ) ! /reet noises1 or
 else might h imput$ ?is viol5t closure 
to "s mis*iev\s boys4 ,b1 h[soev]       
expla9$1 ! fact 0 evid5t1 t1 until !    
words ( appeal to ,*ri/1 ! s]vant _h    
notic$ no?+ suspici\s1 no?+ :i*         
int]rupt$ h] labors4 ,if s1 x foll[$ t  
nei!r _h ,mrs4 ,williamson notic$ any?+2
 =1 9 t case1 %e w\ld h communicat$ h]  
own al>m to ! s]vant1 s9ce bo? 7 9 !    
same small room4 ,app>5tly ! c\rse ( ?+s
 aft] ! murd]] _h ent]$ ! room 0        
?is3--,mrs4 ,williamson _h probably n   
se5 him1 f ! accid5t ( /&+ ) h] back to 

! door4 ,h]1 !re=e1 be=e he 0 himself   
obs]v$ at all1 he _h /unn$ & pro/rat$ by
 a %att]+ bl[ on ! back ( h] head2 ?is  
bl[1 inflict$ by a cr[-b>1 _h sma%$ 9 ! 
h9d] "p ( ! skull4 ,%e fell2 & by !     
noise ( h] fall 7= all 0 ! "w ( a mom5t7
 _h fir/ r\s$ ! att5tion ( ! s]vant2 :o 
!n utt]$ ! cry :i* _h rea*$ ! "y man2 b 
be=e %e c\ld repeat x1 ! murd]] _h      
desc5d$ ) 8 uplift$ in/rum5t ^u h] head1
 cru%+ ! skull inw>ds ^u ! bra94 ,bo? ! 
wom5 7 irrecov]ably de/roy$1 s t fur!r  
outrages 7 ne$less2 &1 moreov]1 ! murd]]
 0 consci\s ( ! imm95t dang] f delay2 & 
yet1 9 spite ( 8 hurry1 s fully did he  
appreciate ! fatal consequ5ces to       
himself1 if any ( 8 victims %\ld s f>   
revive into consci\sness z to make      
circum/antial depositions1 t1 by way (  
mak+ ?is impossible1 he _h proce$$      
in/antly to cut ! ?roats ( ea*4 ,all ?is
 talli$ ) ! appe>ances z n[ pres5t+     
!mselves4 ,mrs4 ,williamson _h fall5    
backw>ds ) h] head to ! door2 ! s]vant1 
f h] kneel+ po/ure1 _h be5 incapable (  

ris+1 & _h pres5t$ h] head passively to 
bl[s2 aft] :i*1 ! miscreant _h b to b5d 
h] head backw>ds s z to expose h] ?roat1
 & ! murd] 0 f9i%$4  ,x is rem>kable t !
 "y artisan1 p>alyz$ z he _h be5 by fe>1
 & evid5tly fasc9at$ = a "t s z to walk 
"r t[>ds ! lion's m\?1 yet f\nd himself 
able to notice ev]y?+ important4 ,!     
read] mu/ suppose him at ?is po9t wat*+ 
! murd]] :il/ hang+ ov] ! body ( ,mrs4  
,williamson1 & :il/ r5ew+ 8 se>* = c]ta9
 important keys4 ,d\btless x 0 an anxi\s
 situation = ! murd]]2 =1 unless he     
spe$ily f\nd ! keys want$1 all ?is      
hide\s trag$y w\ld end 9 no?+ b a       
prodigi\s increase ( ! public horror1 9 
t5fold precautions !re=e1 & r$\bl$      
ob/acles int]pos$ betwe5 himself & 8    
future game4 ,nay1 !re 0 ev5 a ne>]     
int]e/ at /ake2 8 own imm$iate safety   
might1 by a probable accid5t1 be        
compromis$4 ,mo/ ( ^? :o came to ! h\se 
= liquor 7 giddy girls or *ildr51 :o1 on
 f9d+ ?is h\se clos$1 w\ld g (f         
c>elessly to "s o!r2 b1 let any ?\ghtful

 woman or man come to ! door n[1 a full 
qu>t] ( an h\r be=e ! e/abli%$ "t (     
clos+1 9 t case suspicion w\ld arise too
 p[]ful to be *eck$4 ,!re w\ld be a     
sudd5 al>m giv52 aft] :i*1 m]e luck w\ld
 decide ! ev5t4 ,= x is a rem>kable     
fact1 & "o t illu/rates ! s+ul>         
inconsi/5cy ( ?is villa91 :o1 be+ (t5 s 
sup]flu\sly subtle1 0 9 o!r directions s
 reckless & improvid5t1 t at ?is v      
mom5t1 /&+ among/ corpses t _h delug$ ! 
little p>lor ) blood1 ,williams mu/ h   
be5 9 consid]able d\bt :e!r he _h any   
sure means ( egress4 ,!re 7 w9d[s1 he   
knew1 to ! back2 b ^u :at gr\nd !y op5$1
 he seems to h _h no c]ta9 in=mation2 & 
9 a neighborhood s dang]\s1 ! w9d[s ( ! 
l[] /ory w\ld n improbably be nail$ d[n2
 ^? 9 ! upp] might be free1 b !n came ! 
necessity ( a leap too =midable4 ,f all 
?is1 h[ev]1 ! sole practical inf]5ce 0  
to hurry =w>d ) ! trial ( fur!r keys1 & 
to detect ! hidd5 treasure4 ,?is x 01   
?is int5se absorption 9 "o ov]ma/]+     
pursuit1 t dull$ ! murd]]'s p]ceptions z

 to all ar\nd him2 o!rwise1 he mu/ h    
he>d ! brea?+ ( ! "y man1 :i* to himself
 at times became fe>fully audible4 ,z ! 
murd]] /ood once m ov] ! body ( ,mrs4   
,williamson1 & se>*$ h] pockets m       
n>r[ly1 he pull$ out v>i\s clu/]s (     
keys1 "o ( :i* dropp+1 gave a h>% g+l+  
s\nd ^u ! floor4 ,at ?is "t x 0 t !     
secret witness1 f 8 secret /&1 notic$ ! 
fact ( ,williams's surt\t be+ l9$ ) silk
 ( ! f9e/ quality4 ,"o o!r fact he      
notic$1 :i* ev5tually became m          
imm$iately important ?an _m /rong]      
circum/ances ( incrim9ation2 ?is 01 t ! 
%oes ( ! murd]]1 app>5tly new1 & b\ght1 
probably1 ) poor ,m>r's money1 creak$ z 
he walk$1 h>%ly & frequ5tly4 ,) ! new   
clu/]s ( keys1 ! murd]] walk$ (f to !   
hidd5 section ( ! p>lor4 ,& "h1 at la/1 
0 sugge/$ to ! j\rneyman ! sudd5 op5+ = 
an escape4 ,"s m9utes w\ld be lo/ to a  
c]ta9ty try+ all ^! keys2 & subsequ5tly 
9 se>*+ ! draw]s1 suppos+ t ! keys      
answ]$--or 9 viol5tly =c+ !m1 suppos+ t 
!y did n4 ,he might ?us c\nt ^u a brief 

int]val ( leisure1 :il/ ! rattl+ ( !    
keys might obscure to ! murd]] ! creak+ 
( ! /airs "u ! re-asc5d+ j\rneyman4 ,8  
plan 0 n[ =m$3 on rega9+ 8 b$room1 he   
plac$ ! b$ aga9/ ! door by way ( a      
transi5t ret>dation to ! enemy1 t might 
give him a %ort w>n+1 & 9 ! wor/        
extremity1 might give him a *ance = life
 by means ( a desp]ate leap4 ,?is *ange 
made z quietly z possible1 he tore !    
%eets1 pill[-cases1 & blankets into     
broad ribbons2 & aft] plait+ !m into    
ropes1 splic$ ! diff]5t l5g?s toge!r4 ,b
 at ! v fir/ he descries ?is ugly       
addition to 8 labors4 ,:]e %all he look 
= any /aple1 hook1 b>1 or o!r fixture1 f
 :i* 8 rope1 :5 twi/$1 may safely dep5d8
 ,measur$ f ! w9d[-sill--i4e41 ! l[e/ "p
 ( ! w9d[ ar*itrave--!re c\nt b         
tw5ty-two or tw5ty-?ree feet to ! gr\nd4
 ,( ?is l5g? t5 or twelve feet may be   
look$ ^u z cancell$1 because to t ext5t 
he might drop )\t dang]4 ,s mu* be+     
d$uct$1 !re w\ld rema91 say1 a doz5 feet
 ( rope to prep>e4 ,b1 unhappily1 !re is

 no /\t iron fixture any:]e ab\t 8 w9d[4
 ,! ne>e/1 inde$ ! sole fixture ( t     
sort1 is n ne> to ! w9d[ at all2 x is a 
spike fix$ 7= no reason at all t is     
app>5t7 9 ! b$-te/]2 n[1 ! b$ be+ %ift$1
 ! spike is %ift$2 & its di/ance f !    
w9d[1 hav+ be5 always f\r feet1 is n[   
sev54 ,sev5 entire feet1 !re=e1 mu/ be  
add$ to t :i* w\ld h suffic$ if measur$ 
f ! w9d[4 ,b c\rage6 ,god1 by ! prov]b (
 all nations 9 ,*ri/5dom1 helps ^? t    
help !mselves4 ,?is our "y man ?ankfully
 ackn[l$ges2 he reads already1 9 ! v    
fact ( any spike at all be+ f\nd :]e    
hi!rto x has be5 useless1 an e>ne/ (    
provid5tial aid4 ,7 x only = himself t  
he work$1 he c\ld n feel himself        
m]itori\sly employ$2 b ?is is n s2 9    
deep s9c]ity1 he is n[ agitat$ = ! poor 
*ild1 :om he kn[s & loves2 e m9ute1 he  
feels1 br+s ru9 ne>] to h]2 &1 z he     
pass$ h] door1 8 fir/ ?\ght _h be5 to   
take h] out ( b$ 9 8 arms1 & to c>ry h] 
:]e %e might %>e 8 *ances4 ,b1 on       
consid]ation1 he felt t ?is sudd5 awak+ 

( h]1 & ! impossibility ( ev5 :isp]+ any
 explanation1 w\ld cause h] to cry      
audibly2 & ! inevitable indiscretion (  
"o w\ld be fatal to ! two4 ,z ! ,alp9e  
avalan*es1 :5 susp5d$ above ! travell]'s
 head1 (t5times 7we are told7 come d[n  
?r\gh ! /irr+ ( ! air by a simple :isp]1
 precisely on su* a t5ure ( a :isp] 0 n[
 susp5d$ ! murd]\s malice ( ! man bel[4 
,no2 !re is b "o way to save ! *ild2    
t[>ds h] deliv]ance1 ! fir/ /ep is ?r\gh
 8 own4 ,& he has made an excell5t      
beg9n+2 = ! spike1 :i* too fe>fully he  
_h expect$ to see torn away by any /ra9 
^u ! half-c>i\s wood1 /&s firmly :5 tri$
 aga9/ ! pressure ( 8 own weight4 ,he   
has rapidly fa/5$ on to x ?ree l5g?s ( 8
 new rope1 measur+ elev5 feet4 ,he      
plaits x r\ghly2 s t only ?ree feet h   
be5 lo/ 9 ! int]twi/+2 he has splic$ on 
a second l5g? equal to ! fir/2 s t1     
already1 sixte5 feet are ready to ?r[   
out ( ! w9d[2 & ?us1 let ! wor/ come to 
! wor/1 x w n be absolute ru9 to sw>m   
d[n ! rope s f> z x w rea*1 & !n to drop

 boldly4 ,all ?is has be5 accompli%$ 9  
ab\t six m9utes2 & ! hot conte/ betwe5  
above & bel[ is /eadily b f]v5tly       
proce$+4 ,murd]] is work+ h>d 9 ! p>lor2
 j\rneyman is work+ h>d 9 ! b$room4     
,miscreant is gett+ on fam\sly          
d[n-/airs2 "o bat* ( bank-notes he has  
already bagg$2 & is h>d ^u ! sc5t ( a   
second4 ,he has also sprung a covey (   
gold5 co9s4 ,sov]eigns z yet 7 n2 b     
gu9eas at ?is p]iod fet*$ ?irty %ill+s  
a-piece2 & he has work$ 8 way into a    
little qu>ry ( ^!4 ,murd]] is almo/     
joy\s2 & if any creature is /ill liv+ 9 
?is h\se1 z %rewdly he suspects1 & v    
soon means to "k1 ) t creature he w\ld  
be happy1 be=e cutt+ ! creature's ?roat1
 to dr9k a glass ( some?+4 ,in/ead ( !  
glass1 might he n make a pres5t to !    
poor creature ( its ?roat8 ,oh no6      
impossible6 ,?roats are a sort ( ?+ t he
 nev] makes pres5ts (2 bus9ess-- bus9ess
 mu/ be att5d$ to4 ,really ! two m51    
consid]$ simply z m5 ( bus9ess1 are bo? 
m]itori\s4 ,l *orus & semi-*orus1 /rophe

 & anti/rophe1 !y "w ea* aga9/ ! o!r4   
,pull j\rneyman1 pull murd]]6 ,pull     
bak]1 pull devil6 ,z reg>ds ! j\rneyman1
 he is n[ safe4 ,to 8 sixte5 feet1 ( :i*
 sev5 are neutraliz$ by ! di/ance ( !   
b$1 he has at la/ add$ six feet m1 :i* w
 be %ort ( rea*+ ! gr\nd by p]haps t5   
feet--a trifle :i* man or boy may drop  
)\t injury4 ,all is safe1 !re=e1 = him3 
:i* is m ?an "o c be sure ( = miscreant 
9 ! p>lor4 ,miscreant1 h[ev]1 takes x   
coolly en\gh3 ! reason be+1 t1 ) all 8  
clev]ness1 = once 9 8 life miscreant has
 be5 ov]-rea*$4 ,! read] & ,i "k1 b     
miscreant does n 9 ! lea/ suspect1 a    
little fact ( "s importance1 viz41 t j  
n[ ?r\gh a space ( full ?ree m9utes he  
has be5 ov]look$ & /udi$ by "o1 :o 7?\gh
 read+ 9 a dreadful book1 & suff]+ "u   
mortal panic7 took accurate notes ( s   
mu* z 8 limit$ opportunities all[$ him  
to see1 & w assur$ly report ! creak+    
%oes & ! silk-m\nt$ surt\t 9 qu>t]s :]e 
su* little facts w tell v little to 8   
advantage4 ,b1 al?\gh x is true t ,mr4  

,williams1 unaw>e ( ! j\rneyman's hav+  
'assi/$' at ! exam9ation ( ,mrs4        
,williamson's pockets1 c\ld n connect   
any anxiety ) t p]son's subsequ5t       
proce$+s'1 nor specially1 !re=e1 ) 8    
hav+ emb>k$ 9 ! rope-weav+ l9e1 assur$ly
 he knew ( reasons en\gh = n loit]+4 ,& 
yet he did loit]4 ,read+ 8 acts by !    
light ( su* mute traces z he left beh9d 
him1 ! police became aw>e t latt]ly he  
mu/ h loit]$4 ,& ! reason :i* gov]n$ him
 is /rik+2 because at once x records--t 
murd] 0 n pursu$ by him simply z a means
 to an end1 b also z an end = itself4   
,mr4 ,williams _h n[ be5 ^u ! premises =
 p]haps fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes2 & 9 t   
space ( "t he _h dispat*$1 9 a /yle     
satisfactory to himself1 a consid]able  
am\nt ( bus9ess4 ,he _h done1 9         
comm]cial language1 'a good /roke (     
bus9ess4' ,^u two floors1 viz41 !       
cell>-floor & ! gr\nd-floor1 he has     
'acc\nt$ =' all ! population4 ,b !re    
rema9$ at lea/ two floors m2 & x n[     
occurr$ to ,mr4 ,williams t1 al?\gh !   

l&lord's some:at *ill+ mann] _h %ut him 
out f any famili> k ( ! h\sehold        
arrangem5ts1 too probably on "o or o!r (
 ^? floors !re mu/ be "s ?roats4 ,z to  
plund]1 he has already bagg$ ! :ole4 ,& 
x 0 next to impossible t any arre> ! mo/
 trivial %\ld /ill rema9 = a glean]4 ,b 
! ?roats--! ?roats--!re x 0 t arre>s &  
glean+s might p]haps be c\nt$ on4 ,& ?us
 x appe>$ t1 9 8 wolfi% ?ir/ = blood1   
,mr4 ,williams put to haz>d ! :ole      
fruits ( 8 night's "w1 & 8 life into !  
b>ga94 ,at ?is mom5t1 if ! murd]] knew  
all1 c\ld he see ! op5 w9d[ above /airs 
ready = ! desc5t ( ! j\rneyman1 c\ld he 
witness ! life- &-dea? rapidity ) :i* t 
j\rneyman is work+1 c\ld he guess at !  
almighty upro> :i* )9 n9ety seconds w be
 madd5+ ! population ( ?is popul\s      
di/rict--no picture ( a maniac 9 flight 
( panic or 9 pursuit ( v5geance w\ld    
adequately repres5t ! agony ( ha/e ) :i*
 he w\ld himself be hurry+ to !         
/reet-door = f9al evasion4 ,t mode (    
escape 0 /ill free4 ,ev5 at ?is mom5t1  

!re yet rema9$ "t suffici5t = a         
successful flight1 &1 !re=e1 = ! foll[+ 
revolution 9 ! romance ( 8 own abom9able
 life4 ,he _h 9 8 pockets above a hundr$
 p\nds ( booty2 means1 !re=e1 = a full  
disguise4 ,?is v night1 if he w %ave (f 
8 yell[ hair1 & black5 8 eyebr[s1 buy+1 
:5 morn+ light returns1 a d>k-color$    
wig1 & clo!s su* z may co-op]ate 9      
p]sonat+ ! "* ( a grave pr(essional man1
 he may elude all suspicions ( imp]t95t 
policem52 may sail by any "o ( a hundr$ 
vessels b\nd = any port along ! huge l9e
 ( sea-bo>d 7/ret*+ ?r\gh tw5ty-f\r     
hundr$ miles7 ( ! ,am]ican ,unit$       
,/ates2 may enjoy fifty ye>s = leisurely
 rep5tance2 & may ev5 die 9 ! odor (    
sanctity4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if he pref]     
active life1 x is n impossible t1 ) 8   
subtlety1 h>dihood1 & unscrupul\sness1 9
 a l& :]e ! simple process (            
naturalization conv]ts ! ali5 at once   
into a *ild ( ! family1 he might rise to
 ! presid5t's *air2 might h a /atue at 8
 dea?2 & aft]w>ds a life 9 ?ree volumes 

qu>to1 ) no h9t glanc+ t[>ds ,no4 #bi   
,ratcliffe ,highway4 ,b all dep5ds on ! 
next n9ety seconds4 ,)9 t "t !re is a   
%>p turn to be tak52 !re is a wrong     
turn1 & a "r turn4 ,%\ld 8 bett] angel  
guide him to ! "r "o1 all may yet g well
 z reg>ds ?is _w's prosp]ity4 ,b behold6
 9 two m9utes f ?is po9t we %all see him
 take ! wrong "o3 & !n ,nemesis w be at 
8 heels ) ru9 p]fect & sudd54           
,meantime1 if ! murd]] all[s himself to 
loit]1 ! ropemak] ov]head does n4 ,well 
he kn[s t ! poor *ild's fate is on !    
edge ( a razor3 = all turns ^u ! al>m   
be+ rais$ be=e ! murd]] rea*es h]       
b$side4 ,& at ?is v mom5t1 :il/ desp]ate
 agitation is ne>ly p>alyz+ 8 f+]s1 he  
he>s ! sull5 /eal?y /ep ( ! murd]]      
creep+ up ?r\gh ! d>kness4 ,x _h be5 !  
expectation ( ! j\rneyman 7f\nd$ on !   
clamor\s upro> ) :i* ! /reet-door 0     
slamm$7 t ,williams1 :5 disposable = 8  
up-/airs "w1 w\ld come rac+ at a long   
jubilant gallop1 & ) a tig] ro>2 &      
p]haps1 on 8 natural in/9cts1 he w\ld h 

done s4 ,b ?is mode ( approa*1 :i* 0 (  
dreadful effect :5 appli$ to a case (   
surprise1 became dang]\s 9 ! case ( p :o
 might by ?is "t h be5 plac$ fully ^u _!
 gu>d4 ,! /ep :i* he _h he>d 0 on !     
/aircase--b ^u :i* /air8 ,he fanci$ ^u !
 l[e/3 & 9 a movem5t s sl[ & cauti\s1   
ev5 ?is might make all ! diff]5ce2 yet  
might x n h be5 ! t5?1 twelf?1 or       
f\rte5? /air8 ,nev]1 p]haps1 9 ?is _w   
did any man feel 8 own responsibility s 
cruelly load$ & /ra9$1 z at ?is mom5t   
did ! poor j\rneyman on behalf ( !      
slumb]+ *ild4 ,lose b two seconds1 ?r\gh
 awkw>dness or ?r\gh ! self-c\nt]actions
 ( panic1 & = h] ! total diff]5ce arose 
betwe5 life & dea?4 ,/ill !re is a hope3
 & no?+ c s frightfully exp\nd ! helli% 
nature ( him ^: baleful %ad[1 to speak  
a/rologically1 at ?is mom5t d>k5s ! h\se
 ( life1 ?an ! simple expression ( !    
gr\nd on :i* ?is hope re/$4 ,! j\rneyman
 felt sure t ! murd]] w\ld n be satisfi$
 to kill ! poor *ild :il/ unconsci\s4   
,?is w\ld be to defeat 8 :ole purpose 9 

murd]+ h] at all4 ,to an epicure 9 murd]
 su* z ,williams1 x w\ld be tak+ away ! 
v /+ ( ! enjoym5t1 if ! poor *ild %\ld  
be suff]$ to dr9k (f ! bitt] cup ( dea? 
)\t fully appreh5d+ ! mis]y ( !         
situation4 ,b ?is luckily w\ld require  
"t3 ! d\ble confusion ( m9d1 fir/1 f be+
 r\s$ up at s unusual an h\r1 &1        
secondly1 f ! horror ( ! occasion :5    
expla9$ to h]1 w\ld at fir/ produce     
fa9t+1 or "s mode ( ins5sibility or     
di/raction1 su* z mu/ occupy a          
consid]able "t4 ,! logic ( ! case1 9    
%ort1 all re/$ ^u ! ultra fi5di%ness (  
,williams4 ,7 he likely to be cont5t ) !
 m]e fact ( ! *ild's dea?1 ap>t f !     
process & leisurely expansion ( its     
m5tal agony--9 t case !re w\ld be no    
hope4 ,b1 because our pres5t murd]] is  
fa/idi\sly f9ical 9 8 exactions--a sort 
( m>t9et 9 ! sc5ical gr\p+ & drap+ ( !  
circum/ances 9 8 murd]s--!re=e x is t   
hope becomes reasonable1 s9ce all su*   
ref9em5ts ( prep>ation dem& "t4 ,murd]s 
( m]e necessity ,williams 0 oblig$ to   

hurry2 b1 9 a murd] ( pure              
voluptu\sness1 entirely dis9t]e/$1 :]e  
no ho/ile witness 0 to be remov$1 no    
extra booty to be ga9$1 & no rev5ge to  
be gratifi$1 x is cle> t to hurry w\ld  
be altoge!r to ru94 ,if ?is *ild1 !re=e1
 is to be sav$1 x w be on pure          
ae/hetical consid]ations4 #e  ,b all    
consid]ations :atev] are at ?is mom5t   
sudd5ly cut %ort4 ,a second /ep is he>d 
on ! /airs1 b /ill /eal?y & cauti\s2 a  
?ird--& !n ! *ild's doom seems fix$4 ,b 
j at t4 mom5t all is ready4 ,! w9d[ is  
wide op52 ! rope is sw++ free2 !        
j\rneyman has laun*$ himself2 & already 
he is 9 ! fir/ /age ( 8 desc5t4 ,simply 
by ! weight ( 8 p]son he desc5d$1 & by !
 resi/ance ( 8 h&s he ret>d$ ! desc5t4  
,! dang] 01 t ! rope %\ld run too       
smoo?ly ?r\gh 8 h&s1 & t by too rapid an
 accel]ation ( pace he %\ld come        
viol5tly to ! gr\nd4 ,happily he 0 able 
to resi/ ! desc5d+ impetus3 ! knots ( ! 
splic+s furni%$ a succession (          
ret>dations4 ,b ! rope prov$ %ort] by   

f\r or five feet ?an he _h calculat$3 t5
 or elev5 feet f ! gr\nd he hung susp5d$
 9 ! air2 spee*less = ! pres5t1 ?r\gh   
long-cont9u$ agitation2 & n d>+ to drop 
boldly on ! r\gh c>riage pavem5t1 le/ he
 %\ld fracture 8 legs4 ,b ! night 0 n   
d>k1 z x _h be5 on occasion ( ! ,m>r    
murd]s4 ,& yet1 = purposes ( crim9al    
police1 x 0 by accid5t worse ?an ! d>ke/
 night t ev] hid a murd] or baffl$ a    
pursuit4 ,london1 f ea/ to we/1 0 cov]$ 
) a deep pall 7ris+ f ! riv]7 ( univ]sal
 fog4 ,h5ce x happ5$1 t = tw5ty or ?irty
 seconds ! "y man hang+ 9 ! air 0 n     
obs]v$4 ,8 :ite %irt at l5g? attract$   
notice4 ,?ree or f\r p ran up1 & receiv$
 him 9 _! arms1 all anticipat+ "s       
dreadful annunciation4 ,to :at h\se did 
he belong8 ,ev5 t 0 n in/antly app>5t2 b
 he po9t$ ) 8 f+] to ,williamson's door1
 & said 9 a half-*ok+ :isp]--',m>r's    
murd]]1 n[ at "w6'  ,all expla9$ itself 
9 a mom5t3 ! sil5t language ( ! fact    
made its own eloqu5t revelation4 ,!     
my/]i\s ext]m9ator ( ,no4 #bi ,ratcliffe

 ,highway _h visit$ ano!r h\se2 &1      
behold6 "o man only _h escap$ ?r\gh !   
air1 & 9 8 night-dress1 to tell ! tale4 
,sup]/iti\sly1 !re 0 some?+ to *eck !   
pursuit ( ?is un9telligible crim9al4    
,morally1 & 9 ! int]e/s ( v9dictive     
ju/ice1 !re 0 ev]y?+ to r\se1 quick51 & 
su/a9 x4  ,yes1 ,m>r's murd]]--! man (  
my/]y--0 aga9 at "w2 at ?is mom5t p]haps
 ext+ui%+ "s lamp ( life1 & n at any    
remote place1 b "h--9 ! v h\se :i* !    
li/5]s to ?is dreadful ann\ncem5t 7     
actually t\*+4 ,! *aos & bl9d upro> ( ! 
sc5e :i* foll[$1 measur$ by ! cr[d$     
reports 9 ! j\rnals ( _m subsequ5t days1
 & 9 "o feature ( t case1 has nev] to my
 k _h its p>allel2 or1 if a p>allel1    
only 9 "o case--:at foll[$1 ,i mean1 on 
! acquittal ( ! sev5 bi%ops at ,we/m9/] 
9 #afhh4 ,at pres5t !re 0 m ?an         
passionate en?usiasm4 ,! fr5zi$ movem5t 
( mix$ horror & exultation--! ululation 
( v5geance :i* asc5d$ in/antane\sly f ! 
individual /reet1 & !n by a sublime sort
 ( magnetic contagion f all ! adjac5t   

/reets1 c be adequately express$ only by
 a raptur\s passage 9 ,%elley3--    ',! 
transport ( a fi]ce & mon/r\s gladness  
,spread ?r\gh ! multitud9\s /reets1 fa/ 
fly+   ,^u ! w+s ( fe>3--,f 8 dull      
madness       ,! />vel+ wak$1 & di$ 9   
joy3 ! dy+1   ,among ! corpses 9 />k    
agony ly+1       ,j he>d ! happy tid+s1 
& 9 hope   ,clos$ _! fa9t eyes3 f h\se  
to h\se reply+       ,) l\d acclaim !   
liv+ %ook heav5's cope1   ,& fill'd !   
/>tl$ e>? ) e*oes4' #f  ,!re 0 some?+1  
inde$1 half inexplicable 9 ! in/antane\s
 int]pretation ( ! ga!r+ %\t accord+ to 
its true mean+4 ,9 fact1 ! deadly ro> ( 
v5geance1 & its sublime unity1 c\ld po9t
 9 ?is di/rict only to ! "o demon ^:    
idea _h brood$ & tyranniz$1 = twelve    
days1 ov] ! g5]al he>t3 e door1 e w9d[ 9
 ! neighborhood1 flew op5 z if at a ^w (
 comm&2 multitudes1 )\t wait+ = ! regul>
 means ( egress1 leap$ d[n at once f !  
w9d[s on ! l[] /ory2 sick m5 rose f _!  
b$s2 9 "o in/ance1 z if expressly to    
v]ify ! image ( ,%elley 79 v4 #d1 #e1   

#f1 #g71 a man ^: dea? _h be5 look$ =   
?r\gh "s days1 & :o actually did die on 
! foll[+ day1 rose1 arm$ himself ) a    
sword1 & desc5d$ 9 8 %irt into ! /reet4 
,! *ance 0 a good "o1 & ! mob 7 made    
aw>e ( x1 = cat*+ ! wolfi% dog 9 ! high 
noon & c>nival ( 8 bloody revels--9 ! v 
c5tre ( 8 own %ambles4 ,= a mom5t ! mob 
0 self-baffl$ by its own numb]s & its   
own fury4 ,b ev5 t fury felt ! call =   
self-control4 ,x 0 evid5t t ! massy     
/reet-door mu/ be driv5 91 s9ce !re 0 no
 long] any liv+ p]son to co-op]ate ) _! 
ef=ts f )91 except+ only a female *ild4 
,cr[b>s dext]\sly appli$ 9 "o m9ute ?rew
 ! door out ( hang+s1 & ! p ent]$ l a   
torr5t4 ,x may be guess$ ) :at fret &   
irritation to _! consum+ fury1 a signal 
( pause & absolute sil5ce 0 made by a   
p]son ( local importance4 ,9 ! hope (   
receiv+ "s useful communication1 ! mob  
became sil5t4 ',n[ li/51' said ! man (  
au?ority1 '& we %all le>n :e!r he is    
above-/airs or bel[4' ,imm$iately a     
noise 0 he>d z if ( "s "o =c+ w9d[s1 &  

cle>ly ! s\nd came f a b$room above4    
,yes1 ! fact 0 app>5t t ! murd]] 0 ev5  
yet 9 ! h\se3 he _h be5 caught 9 a trap4
 ,n hav+ made himself famili> ) !       
details ( ,williamson's h\se1 to all    
appe>ance he _h sudd5ly become a prison]
 9 "o ( ! upp] rooms4 ,t[>ds ?is ! cr[d 
n[ ru%$ impetu\sly4 ,! door1 h[ev]1 0   
f\nd to be slightly fa/5$2 &1 at ! mom5t
 :5 ?is 0 =c$1 a l\d cra% ( ! w9d[1 bo? 
glass & frame1 ann\nc$ t ! wret* _h made
 8 escape4 ,he _h leap$ d[n2 & sev]al   
p]sons 9 ! cr[d1 :o burn$ ) ! g5]al     
fury1 leap$ aft] him4 ,^! p]sons _h n   
tr\bl$ !mselves ab\t ! nature ( ! gr\nd2
 b n[1 on mak+ an exam9ation ( x )      
tor*es1 !y report$ x to be an incl9$    
plane1 or embankm5t ( clay1 v wet &     
adhesive4 ,! pr9ts ( ! man's foot/eps 7 
deeply impress$ ^u ! clay1 & !re=e      
easily trac$ up to ! summit ( !         
embankm5t2 b x 0 p]ceiv$ at once t      
pursuit w\ld be useless1 f ! d5sity ( ! 
mi/4 ,two feet ahead ( y1 a man 0       
entirely )drawn f y\r p[] (             

id5tification2 &1 on ov]tak+ him1 y c\ld
 n v5ture to *all5ge him z ! same :om y 
_h lo/ sight (4 ,nev]1 ?r\gh ! c\rse ( a
 :ole c5tury1 c\ld !re be a night       
expect$ m propiti\s to an escap+        
crim9al3 means ( disguise ,williams n[  
_h 9 excess2 & ! d5s 7 innum]able 9 !   
neighborhood ( ! riv] t c\ld h %elt]$   
him = ye>s f tr\blesome inquiries4 ,b   
favors are ?r[n away ^u ! reckless & !  
?ankless4 ,t night1 :5 ! turn+-po9t (f]$
 itself = 8 :ole future c>e]1 ,williams 
took ! wrong turn2 =1 out ( m]e         
indol5ce1 he took ! turn to 8 old       
lodg+s--t place :i*1 9 all ,engl&1 he _h
 j n[ ! mo/ reason to %un4  ,meantime ! 
cr[d _h ?or\ghly se>*$ ! premises (     
,williamson4 ,! fir/ inquiry 0 = ! "y   
gr&-daught]4 ,williams1 x 0 evid5t1 _h  
gone into h] room3 b 9 ?is room app>5tly
 x 0 t ! sudd5 upro> 9 ! /reets _h      
surpris$ him2 aft] :i* 8 undivid$       
att5tion _h be5 direct$ to ! w9d[s1 s9ce
 ?r\gh ^! only any retreat _h be5 left  
op5 to him4 ,ev5 ?is retreat he ow$ only

 to ! fog & to ! hurry ( ! mom5t1 & to !
 difficulty ( approa*+ ! premises by !  
re>4 ,! little girl 0 naturally agitat$ 
by ! influx ( /rang]s at t h\r2 b       
o!rwise1 ?r\gh ! humane precautions ( ! 
neighbors1 %e 0 pres]v$ f all k ( !     
dreadful ev5ts t _h occurr$ :il/ %e     
h]self 0 sleep+4 ,h] poor old gr&fa!r 0 
/ill miss+1 until ! cr[d desc5d$ into ! 
cell>2 he 0 !n f\nd ly+ pro/rate on !   
cell> floor3 app>5tly he _h be5 ?r[n d[n
 f ! top ( ! cell> /airs1 & ) s mu*     
viol5ce1 t "o leg 0 brok54 ,aft] he _h  
be5 ?us disabl$1 ,williams _h gone d[n  
to him1 & cut 8 ?roat4 ,!re 0 mu*       
discussion at ! "t1 9 "s ( ! public     
j\rnals1 ^u ! possibility ( reconcil+ ^!
 incid5ts ) o!r circum/antialities ( !  
case1 suppos+ t only "o man _h be5      
conc]n$ 9 ! affair4 ,t !re 0 only "o man
 conc]n$1 seems to be c]ta94 ,"o only 0 
se5 or he>d at ,m>r's3 "o only1 & beyond
 all d\bt ! same man1 0 se5 by ! "y     
j\rneyman 9 ,mrs4 ,williamson's p>lor2 &
 "o only 0 trac$ by 8 footm>ks on ! clay

 embankm5t4 ,app>5tly ! c\rse :i* he _h 
pursu$ 0 ?is3 he _h introduc$ himself to
 ,williamson by ord]+ "s be]4 ,?is ord] 
w\ld oblige ! old man to g d[n into !   
cell>2 ,williams w\ld wait until he _h  
rea*$ x1 & w\ld !n 'slam' & lock !      
/reet-door 9 ! viol5t way describ$4     
,williamson w\ld come up 9 agitation ^u 
he>+ ?is viol5ce4 ,! murd]]1 aw>e t he  
w\ld d s1 met him1 no d\bt1 at ! head ( 
! cell> /airs1 & ?rew him d[n2 aft] :i* 
he w\ld g d[n to consummate ! murd] 9 8 
ord9>y way4 ,all ?is w\ld occupy a      
m9ute1 or a m9ute & a half2 & 9 t way ! 
int]val w\ld be acc\nt$ = t elaps$      
betwe5 ! al>m+ s\nd ( ! /reet-door z    
he>d by ! j\rneyman1 & ! lam5table      
outcry ( ! female s]vant4 ,x is evid5t  
also1 t ! reason :y no cry :atsoev] _h  
be5 he>d f ! lips ( ,mrs4 ,williamson1  
is due to ! positions ( ! p>ties z ,i h 
sket*$ !m4 ,com+ beh9d ,mrs4            
,williamson1 unse5 !re=e1 & f h]        
deafness unhe>d1 ! murd]] w\ld inflict  
entire abolition ( consci\sness :ile %e 

0 yet unaw>e ( 8 pres5ce4 ,b ) ! s]vant1
 :o _h unavoidably witness$ ! attack ^u 
h] mi/ress1 ! murd]] c\ld n obta9 ! same
 fulness ( advantage2 & %e !re=e _h "t =
 mak+ an agoniz+ ejaculation4  ,x has   
be5 m5tion$1 t ! murd]] ( ! ,m>rs 0 n = 
ne>ly a =tnight s mu* z suspect$2 mean+ 
t1 previ\sly to ! ,williamson murd]1 no 
ve/ige ( any gr\nd = suspicion 9 any    
direction :atev] _h occurr$ ei!r to !   
g5]al public or to ! police4 ,b !re 7   
two v limit$ exceptions to ?is /ate (   
absolute ignorance4 ,"s ( ! magi/rates  
_h 9 _! possession some?+ :i*1 :5       
closely exam9$1 (f]$ a v probable means 
= trac+ ! crim9al4 ,b z yet !y _h n     
trac$ him4 ,until ! ,friday morn+ next  
aft] ! de/ruction ( ! ,williamsons1 !y  
_h n publi%$ ! important fact1 t ^u !   
%ip-c>p5t]'s mallet 7) :i*1 z reg>d$ !  
/unn+ or disabl+ process1 ! murd]s _h   
be5 a*iev$7 7 inscrib$ ! lett]s ',j4    
,p4' ,?is mallet _h1 by a /range        
ov]sight on ! "p ( ! murd]]1 be5 left   
beh9d 9 ,m>r's %op2 & x is an int]e/+   

fact1 !re=e1 t1 _h ! villa9 be5         
int]cept$ by ! brave pawnbrok]1 he w\ld 
h be5 met virtually dis>m$4 ,?is public 
notification 0 made (ficially on !      
,friday1 viz41 on ! ?irte5? day aft] !  
fir/ murd]4 ,& x 0 in/antly foll[$ 7z w 
be se57 by a mo/ important result4      
,meantime1 )9 ! secrecy ( "o s+le b$room
 9 all ,london1 x is a fact t ,williams 
_h be5 :isp]+ly ! object ( v deep       
suspicion f ! v fir/--t is1 )9 t same   
h\r :i* witness$ ! ,m>r trag$y4 ,& s+ul>
 x is1 t ! suspicion 0 due entirely to 8
 own folly4 ,williams lodg$1 9 company )
 o!r m5 ( v>i\s nations1 at a           
public-h\se4 ,9 a l>ge dormitory !re 7  
arrang$ five or six b$s2 ^! 7 occupi$ by
 artisans1 g5]ally ( respectable "*4 ,"o
 or two ,engli%m5 !re 71 "o or two      
,scot*m51 ?ree or f\r ,g]mans1 &        
,williams1 ^: bir?-place 0 n c]ta9ly    
kn[n4 ,on ! fatal ,saturday night1 ab\t 
half-pa/ "o o'clock1 :5 ,williams       
return$ f 8 dreadful labors1 he f\nd !  
,engli% & ,scot* p>ty asleep1 b !       

,g]mans awake3 "o ( !m 0 sitt+ up ) a   
light$ c&le 9 8 h&s1 & read+ al\d to !  
o!r two4 ,^u ?is1 ,williams said1 9 an  
angry & v p]emptory tone1 ',oh1 put t   
c&le out2 put x out directly2 we %all   
all be burn$ 9 our b$s4' ,_h ! ,briti%  
p>ty 9 ! room be5 awake1 ,mr4 ,williams 
w\ld h r\s$ a mut9\s prote/ aga9/ ?is   
arrogant m&ate4 ,b ,g]mans are g5]ally  
mild & facile 9 _! temp]s2 s ! light 0  
complaisantly ext+ui%$4 ,yet1 z !re 7 no
 curta9s1 x /ruck ! ,g]mans t ! dang] 0 
really none at all2 = b$-clo!s1 mass$ ^u
 ea* o!r1 w no m burn ?an ! leaves ( a  
clos$ book4 ,privately1 !re=e1 ! ,g]mans
 drew an inf]5ce1 t ,mr4 ,williams mu/ h
 _h "s urg5t motive = )draw+ 8 own p]son
 & dress f obs]vation4 ,:at ?is motive  
might be1 ! next day's news diffus$ all 
ov] ,london1 & ( c\rse at ?is h\se1 n   
two furlongs f ,m>r's %op1 made awfully 
evid5t2 &1 z may well be suppos$1 !     
suspicion 0 communicat$ to ! o!r memb]s 
( ! dormitory4 ,all ( !m1 h[ev]1 7 aw>e 
( ! legal dang] atta*+1 "u ,engli% law1 

to ins9uations aga9/ a man1 ev5 if true1
 :i* might n admit ( pro(4 ,9 reality1  
_h ,williams us$ ! mo/ obvi\s           
precautions1 _h he simply walk$ d[n to !
 ,?ames 7n a /one's-?r[ di/ant71 & flung
 two ( 8 implem5ts into ! riv]1 no      
conclusive pro( c\ld h be5 adduc$ aga9/ 
him4 ,& he might h realiz$ ! s*eme (    
,c\rvoisi] 7! murd]] ( ,"l ,william     
,russell7 --viz41 h s\ght ea* sep>ate   
mon?'s support 9 a sep>ate well- conc]t$
 murd]4 ,! p>ty 9 ! dormitory1 meantime1
 7 satisfi$ !mselves1 b wait$ = evid5ces
 t might satisfy o!rs4 ,no soon]1 !re=e1
 _h ! (ficial notice be5 publi%$ z to ! 
initials ,j4 ,p4 on ! mallet1 ?an e man 
9 ! h\se recogniz$ at once ! well- kn[n 
initials ( an hone/ ,norwegian          
%ip-c>p5t]1 ,john ,pet]s51 :o _h work$ 9
 ! ,engli% docky>ds until ! pres5t ye>2 
b1 hav+ occasion to revisit 8 native l&1
 _h left 8 box ( tools 9 ! g>rets ( ?is 
inn4 ,^! g>rets 7 n[ se>*$4 ,pet]s5's   
tool- *e/ 0 f\nd1 b want+ ! mallet2 &1  
on fur!r exam9ation1 ano!r ov]:elm+     

discov]y 0 made4 ,! surgeon1 :o exam9$ !
 corpses at ,williamson's1 _h giv5 x z 8
 op9ion t ! ?roats 7 n cut by means ( a 
razor1 b ( "s implem5t diff]5tly %ap$4  
,x 0 n[ rememb]$ t ,williams _h rec5tly 
borr[$ a l>ge ,fr5* knife ( peculi>     
con/ruction2 & accord+ly1 f a heap ( old
 lumb] & rags1 !re 0 soon extricat$ a   
wai/coat1 :i* ! :ole h\se c\ld swe> to z
 rec5tly worn by ,williams4 ,9 ?is      
wai/coat1 & glu$ by gore to ! l9+ ( its 
pockets1 0 f\nd ! ,fr5* knife4 ,next1 x 
0 matt] ( notoriety to ev]ybody 9 ! inn1
 t ,williams ord9>ily wore at pres5t a  
pair ( creak+ %oes1 & a br[n surt\t l9$ 
) silk4 ,_m o!r presumptions seem$      
sc>cely call$ =4 ,williams 0 imm$iately 
appreh5d$1 & briefly exam9$4 ,?is 0 on !
 ,friday4 ,on ! ,saturday morn+ 7viz41  
f\rte5 days f ! ,m>r murd]s7 he 0 aga9  
br\ght up4 ,! circum/antial evid5ce 0   
ov]:elm+2 ,williams wat*$ its c\rse1 b  
said v little4 ,at ! close1 he 0 fully  
committ$ = trial at ! next sessions2 & x
 is ne$less to say1 t1 on 8 road to     

prison1 he 0 pursu$ by mobs s fi]ce1 t1 
"u ord9>y circum/ances1 !re w\ld h be5  
small hope ( escap+ summ>y v5geance4 ,b 
^u ?is occasion a p[]ful escort _h be5  
provid$2 s t he 0 safely lodg$ 9 jail4  
,9 ?is p>ticul> jail at ?is "t1 !       
regulation 01 t at five o'clock1 ,p4 ,m4
 all ! prison]s on ! crim9al side %\ld  
be f9ally lock$ up = ! night1 & )\t     
c&les4 ,= f\rte5 h\rs 7t is1 until sev5 
o'clock on ! next morn+7 !y 7 left      
unvisit$1 & 9 total d>kness4 ,"t1 !re=e1
 ,williams _h = committ+ suicide4 ,!    
means 9 o!r respects 7 small4 ,"o iron  
b> !re 01 meant 7if ,i rememb]7 = !     
susp5sion ( a lamp2 ^u ?is he _h hang$  
himself by 8 braces4 ,at :at h\r 0      
unc]ta93 "s p fanci$ at midnight4 ,& 9 t
 case1 precisely at ! h\r :51 f\rte5    
days be=e1 he _h be5 spread+ horror &   
desolation ?r\gh ! quiet family ( poor  
,m>r1 n[ 0 he =c$ into dr9k+ ( ! same   
cup1 pres5t$ to 8 lips by ! same accurs$
 h&s4         99       99       99      
99       99  ,! case ( ! ,m',keans1 :i* 

has be5 specially allud$ to1 m]its also 
a slight rehe>sal = ! dreadful          
picturesqu5ess ( "s two or ?ree among/  
its circum/ances4 ,! sc5e ( ?is murd] 0 
at a ru/ic inn1 "s few miles 7,i ?9k7 f 
,man*e/]2 & ! advantage\s situation (   
?is inn x 01 out ( :i* arose ! two fold 
temptations ( ! case4 ,g5]ally speak+1  
an inn argues1 ( c\rse1 a close c9cture 
( neighbors--z ! orig9al motive = op5+  
su* an e/abli%m5t4 ,b1 9 ?is case1 !    
h\se individually 0 solit>y1 s t no     
int]ruption 0 to be look$ = f any p]sons
 liv+ )9 rea* ( screams2 & yet1 on ! o!r
 h&1 ! circumjac5t vic9ity 0 em95tly    
popul\s2 z "o consequ5ce ( :i*1 a b5efit
 club _h e/abli%$ its weekly r5dezv\s 9 
?is inn1 & left ! peculi> accumulations 
9 _! club- room1 "u ! cu/ody ( ! l&lord4
 ,?is fund arose (t5 to a consid]able   
am\nt1 fifty or sev5ty p\nds1 be=e x 0  
transf]r$ to ! h&s ( a bank]4 ,"h1      
!re=e1 0 a treasure wor? "s little risk1
 & a situation t promis$ next to none4  
,^! attractive circum/ances _h1 by      

accid5t1 become accurately kn[n to "o or
 bo? ( ! two ,m',keans2 &1 un=tunately1 
at a mom5t ( ov]:elm+ mis=tune to       
!mselves4 ,!y 7 hawk]s2 &1 until lately1
 _h borne mo/ respectable *>act]s3 b "s 
m]cantile cra% _h ov]tak5 !m ) utt] ru91
 9 :i* _! jo9t capital _h be5 swall[$ up
 to ! la/ %ill+4 ,?is sudd5 pro/ration  
_h made !m desp]ate3 _! own little      
prop]ty _h be5 swall[$ up 9 a l>ge      
social cata/rophe1 & society at l>ge !y 
look$ ^u z acc\ntable to !m = a robb]y4 
,9 prey+1 !re=e1 ^u society1 !y consid]$
 !mselves z pursu+ a wild natural ju/ice
 ( retaliation4 ,! money aim$ at did    
c]ta9ly assume ! "* ( public money1 be+ 
! product ( _m sep>ate subscriptions4   
,!y =got1 h[ev]1 t 9 ! murd]\s acts1 :i*
 too c]ta9ly !y m$itat$ z prelim9>ies to
 ! robb]y1 !y c\ld plead no su* imag9>y 
social prec$5t4 ,9 deal+ ) a family t   
seem$ almo/ helpless1 if all w5t        
smoo?ly1 !y reli$ entirely ^u _! own    
bodily /r5g?4 ,!y 7 /\t "y m51          
tw5ty-eight to ?irty-two ye>s old2      

some:at und]siz$ z to height2 b squ>ely 
built1 deep- *e/$1 broad-%\ld]$1 & s    
beautifully =m$1 z reg>d$ ! symmetry (  
_! limbs & _! articulations1 t1 aft] _! 
execution1 ! bodies 7 privately exhibit$
 by ! surgeons ( ! ,man*e/] ,infirm>y1 z
 objects ( /atuesque int]e/4 ,on ! o!r  
h&1 ! h\sehold :i* !y propos$ to attack 
consi/$ ( ! foll[+ f\r p]sons3--#a4 !   
l&lord1 a /\ti% f>m]--b him !y int5d$ to
 disable by a trick !n newly introduc$  
among/ robb]s1 & t]m$ hocuss+1 i4e41    
cl&e/9ely drugg+ ! liquor ( ! victim )  
laudanum2 #b4 ! l&lord's wife2 #c4 a "y 
s]vant woman2 #d4 a boy1 twelve or      
f\rte5 ye>s old4 ,! dang] 01 t out ( f\r
 p]sons1 scatt]$ by possibility ov] a   
h\se :i* _h two sep>ate exits1 "o at    
lea/ might escape1 & by bett]           
acqua9tance ) ! adjac5t pa?s1 might     
succe$ 9 giv+ an al>m to "s ( ! h\ses a 
furlong di/ant4 ,_! f9al resolution 01  
to be guid$ by circum/ances z to ! mode 
( conduct+ ! affair2 & yet1 z x seem$   
ess5tial to success t !y %\ld assume !  

air ( /rang]s to ea* o!r1 x 0 necess>y t
 !y %\ld preconc]t "s g5]al outl9e ( _! 
plan2 s9ce x w\ld on ?is s*eme be       
impossible1 )\t awak+ viol5t suspicions1
 to make any communications "u ! eyes ( 
! family4 ,?is outl9e includ$1 at !     
lea/1 "o murd]3 s mu* 0 settl$2 b1      
o!rwise1 _! subsequ5t proce$+s make x   
evid5t t !y wi%$ to h z little blood%$ z
 0 consi/5t ) _! f9al object4 ,on !     
appo9t$ day1 !y pres5t$ !mselves        
sep>ately at ! ru/ic inn1 & at diff]5t  
h\rs4 ,"o came z e>ly z f\r o'clock 9 ! 
aft]noon2 ! o!r n until half-pa/ sev54  
,!y salut$ ea* o!r di/antly & %yly2 &1  
?\gh occasionally ex*ang+ a few words 9 
! "* ( /rang]s1 did n seem dispos$ to   
any famili> int]c\rse4 ,) ! l&lord1     
h[ev]1 on 8 return ab\t eight o'clock f 
,man*e/]1 "o ( ! bro!rs ent]$ into a    
lively conv]sation2 invit$ him to take a
 tumbl] ( pun*2 &1 at a mom5t :5 !      
l&lord's abs5ce f ! room all[$ x1 p\r$  
into ! pun* a spoonful ( laudanum4 ,"s  
"t aft] ?is1 ! clock /ruck t52 ^u :i* ! 

eld] ,m',kean1 pr(ess+ to be we>y1 ask$ 
to be %[n up to 8 b$room3 = ea* bro!r1  
imm$iately on arriv+1 _h engag$ a b$4   
,on ?is1 ! poor s]vant girl _h pres5t$  
h]self ) a b$-c&le to light him up/airs4
 ,at ?is critical mom5t ! family 7      
di/ribut$ ?us3--! l&lord1 /upefi$ ) !   
horrid n>cotic :i* he _h drunk1 _h      
retir$ to a private room adjo9+ ! public
 room1 = ! purpose ( recl9+ ^u a s(a3 & 
he1 luckily = 8 own safety1 0 look$ ^u z
 entirely incapacitat$ = action4 ,!     
l&lady 0 occupi$ ) h] husb&4 ,& ?us !   
y\ng] ,m',kean 0 left alone 9 ! public  
room4 ,he rose1 !re=e1 s(tly1 & plac$   
himself at ! foot ( ! /airs :i* 8 bro!r 
_h j asc5d$1 s z to be sure ( int]cept+ 
any fugitive f ! b$room above4 ,into t  
room ! eld] ,m',kean 0 u%]$ by ! s]vant1
 :o po9t$ to two b$s--"o ( :i* 0 already
 half occupi$ by ! boy1 & ! o!r empty3 9
 ^!1 %e intimat$ t ! two /rang]s mu/    
dispose ( !mselves = ! night1 accord+ to
 any arrangem5t t !y might agree ^u4    
,say+ ?is1 %e pres5t$ him ) ! c&le1 :i* 

he 9 a mom5t plac$ ^u ! table2 &1       
int]cept+ h] retreat f ! room ?rew 8 arm
 r\nd h] neck ) a ge/ure z ?\gh he meant
 to kiss h]4 ,?is 0 evid5tly :at %e     
h]self anticipat$1 & endeavor$ to       
prev5t4 ,h] horror may be imag9$1 :5 %e 
felt ! p]fidi\s h& t clasp$ h] neck arm$
 ) a razor1 & viol5tly cutt+ h] ?roat4  
,%e 0 h>dly able to utt] "o scream1 be=e
 %e sank p[]less ^u ! floor4 ,?is       
dreadful spectacle 0 witness$ by ! boy1 
:o 0 n asleep1 b _h pres5ce ( m9d en\gh 
in/antly to close 8 eyes4 ,! murd]]     
advanc$ ha/ily to ! b$1 & anxi\sly      
exam9$ ! expression ( ! boy's features3 
satisfi$ he 0 n1 & he !n plac$ 8 h& ^u !
 boy's he>t1 9 ord] to judge by its     
beat+s :e!r he 7 agitat$ or n4 ,?is 0 a 
dreadful trial3 & no d\bt ! c\nt]feit   
sleep w\ld imm$iately h be5 detect$1 :5 
sudd5ly a dreadful spectacle drew (f !  
att5tion ( ! murd]]4 ,solemnly1 & 9     
gho/ly sil5ce1 uprose 9 h] dy+ delirium 
! murd]$ girl2 %e /ood upright1 %e walk$
 /eadily = a mom5t or two1 %e b5t h]    

/eps t[>ds ! door4 ,! murd]] turn$ away 
to pursue h]2 & at t mom5t ! boy1 feel+ 
t 8 "o solit>y *ance 0 to fly :ile ?is  
sc5e 0 9 progress1 b\nd$ out ( b$4 ,on !
 l&+ at ! head ( ! /airs 0 "o murd]]1 at
 ! foot ( ! /airs 0 ! o!r3 :o c\ld      
believe t ! boy _h ! %ad[ ( a *ance =   
escap+8 ,& yet1 9 ! mo/ natural way1 he 
surm\nt$ all h9drances4 ,9 ! boy's      
horror1 he laid 8 left h& on !          
balu/rade1 & took a fly+ leap ov] x1 :i*
 l&$ him at ! bottom ( ! /airs1 )\t hav+
 t\*$ a s+le /air4 ,he _h ?us           
effectually pass$ "o ( ! murd]]s3 ! o!r1
 x is true1 0 /ill to be pass$2 & ?is   
w\ld h be5 impossible b = a sudd5       
accid5t4 ,! l&lady _h be5 al>m$ by !    
fa9t scream ( ! "y woman2 _h hurri$ f h]
 private room to ! girl's assi/ance2 b  
at ! foot ( ! /airs _h be5 int]cept$ by 
! y\ng] bro!r1 & 0 at ?is mom5t /ruggl+ 
) him4 ,! confusion ( ?is life-&- dea?  
conflict _h all[$ ! boy to :irl pa/ !m4 
,luckily he took a turn into a kit*51   
out ( :i* 0 a back-door1 fa/5$ by a s+le

 bolt1 t ran freely at a t\*2 & ?r\gh   
?is door he ru%$ into ! op5 fields4 ,b  
at ?is mom5t ! eld] bro!r 0 set free =  
pursuit by ! dea? ( ! poor girl4 ,!re is
 no d\bt1 t 9 h] delirium ! image mov+  
?r\gh h] ?\ghts 0 t ( ! club1 :i* met   
once a- week4 ,%e fanci$ x no d\bt      
sitt+2 & to ?is room1 = help & = safety 
%e /agg]$ along2 %e ent]$ x1 & )9 !     
doorway once m %e dropp$ d[n1 & in/antly
 expir$4 ,h] murd]]1 :o _h foll[$ h]    
closely1 n[ saw himself set at lib]ty = 
! pursuit ( ! boy4 ,at ?is critical     
mom5t1 all 0 at /ake2 unless ! boy 7    
caught1 ! ent]prise 0 ru9$4 ,he pass$ 8 
bro!r1 !re=e1 & ! l&lady )\t paus+1 &   
ru%$ ?r\gh ! op5 door into ! fields4 ,by
 a s+le second1 p]haps1 he 0 too late4  
,! boy 0 ke5ly aw>e1 t if he cont9u$ 9  
sight1 he w\ld h no *ance ( escap+ f a  
p[]ful "y man4 ,he made1 !re=e1 at once 
= a dit*1 into :i* he tumbl$ headlong4  
,_h ! murd]] v5tur$ to make a leisurely 
exam9ation ( ! ne>e/ dit*1 he w\ld      
easily h f\nd ! boy--made s conspicu\s  

by 8 :ite %irt4 ,b he lo/ all he>t1 ^u  
fail+ at once to arre/ ! boy's flight4  
,& e succe$+ second made 8 despair !    
great]4 ,if ! boy _h really effect$ 8   
escape to ! neighbor+ f>m-h\se1 a p>ty (
 m5 might be ga!r$ )9 five m9utes2 &    
already x might h become difficult =    
himself & 8 bro!r1 unacqua9t$ ) ! field 
pa?s1 to evade be+ int]cept$4 ,no?+     
rema9$1 !re=e1 b to summon 8 bro!r away4
 ,?us x happ5$ t ! l&lady1 ?\gh mangl$1 
escap$ ) life1 & ev5tually recov]$4 ,!  
l&lord ow$ 8 safety to ! /upefy+ potion4
 ,& ! baffl$ murd]]s _h ! mis]y ( kn[+ t
 _! dreadful crime _h be5 altoge!r      
pr(itless4 ,! road1 inde$1 0 n[ op5 to !
 club-room2 &1 probably1 =ty seconds    
w\ld h suffic$ to c>ry (f ! box (       
treasure1 :i* aft]w>ds might h be5 bur/ 
op5 & pillag$ at leisure4 ,b ! fe> (    
int]cept+ enemies 0 too /rongly ^u !m2 &
 !y fl$ rapidly by a road :i* c>ri$ !m  
actually )9 six feet ( ! lurk+ boy4 ,t  
night !y pass$ ?r\gh ,man*e/]4 ,:5      
daylight return$1 !y slept 9 a ?icket   

tw5ty miles di/ant f ! sc5e ( _! guilty 
attempt4 ,on ! second & ?ird nights1 !y 
pursu$ _! m>* on foot1 re/+ aga9 dur+ ! 
day4 ,ab\t sunrise on ! f\r? morn+1 !y 7
 ent]+ "s village ne> ,kirby ,lonsdale1 
9 ,we/morel&4 ,!y mu/ h design$ly quitt$
 ! direct l9e ( r\te2 = _! object 0     
,ayr%ire1 ( :i* c\nty !y 7 natives2 & ! 
regul> road w\ld h l$ !m ?r\gh ,%ap1    
,p5ri?1 ,c>lisle4 ,probably !y 7 seek+  
to elude ! p]secution ( ! /age-coa*es1  
:i*1 = ! la/ ?irty h\rs1 _h be5 scatt]+ 
at all ! inns & road-side cab>ets       
h&-bills describ+ _! p]sons & dress4 ,x 
happ5$ 7p]haps ?r\gh design7 t on ?is   
f\r? morn+ !y _h sep>at$1 s z to ent] ! 
village t5 m9utes ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,!y 7 
exhau/$ & footsore4 ,9 ?is condition x 0
 easy to /op !m4 ,a blacksmi? _h sil5tly
 reconnoitr$ !m1 & comp>$ _! appe>ance )
 ! description ( ! h&-bills4 ,!y 7 !n   
easily ov]tak51 & sep>ately arre/$4 ,_! 
trial & condemnation spe$ily foll[$ at  
,lanca/]2 & 9 ^? days x foll[$1 ( c\rse1
 t !y 7 execut$4 ,o!rwise _! case fell s

 f> )9 ! %elt]+ limits ( :at w\ld n[ be 
reg>d$ z ext5uat+ circum/ances--t1 :il/ 
a murd] m or less 0 n to repel !m f _!  
object1 v evid5tly !y 7 anxi\s to       
economize ! blood%$ z mu* z possible4   
,immeasurable1 !re=e1 0 ! int]val :i*   
divid$ !m f ! mon/] ,williams4 ,!y p]i%$
 on ! scaffold3 ,williams1 z ,i h said1 
by 8 own h&2 &1 9 ob$i5ce to ! law z x  
!n /ood1 he 0 buri$ 9 ! c5tre ( a       
quadrivium1 or conflux ( f\r roads 79   
?is case f\r /reets71 ) a /ake driv5    
?r\gh 8 he>t4 ,& ov] him drives = ev] ! 
upro> ( unre/+ ,london6   ,,footnotes   
#a ,see ',miscellane\s ,essays1' p4 #ag4
  #b ,i am n sure :e!r ,s\!y held at ?is
 "t 8 appo9tm5t to ! editor%ip ( !      
',ed9burgh ,annual ,regi/]4' ,if he did1
 no d\bt 9 ! dome/ic section ( t        
*ronicle w be f\nd an excell5t acc\nt ( 
! :ole4  #c ,an arti/ told me 9 ?is ye>1
 #ahab1 t hav+ accid5tally se5 a native 
,devon%ire regim5t 7ei!r volunte]s or   
militia71 n9e hundr$ /rong1 m>*+ pa/ a  
/ation at :i* he _h po/$ himself1 he did

 n obs]ve a doz5 m5 t w\ld n h be5      
describ$ 9 common p>lance z 'good       
look+4'  #d ,i d n rememb]1             
*ronologically1 ! hi/ory ( gas-lights4  
,b 9 ,london1 long aft] ,mr4 ,w9sor _h  
%[n ! value ( gas-light+1 & its         
applicability to /reet purposes1 v>i\s  
di/ricts 7 prev5t$1 = _m ye>s1 f resort+
 to ! new sy/em1 9 consequ5ce ( old     
contracts ) oil-deal]s1 subsi/+ ?r\gh   
long t]ms ( ye>s4  #e ,let ! read]1 :o  
is dispos$ to reg>d z exagg]at$ or      
romantic ! pure fi5di%ness imput$ to    
,williams1 recollect t1 except = !      
luxuri\s purpose ( bask+ & revell+ 9 !  
angui% ( dy+ despair1 he _h no motive at
 all1 small or great1 = attempt+ ! murd]
 ( ?is "y girl4 ,%e _h se5 no?+1 he>d   
no?+--0 fa/ asleep1 & h] door 0 clos$2 s
 t1 z a witness aga9/ him1 he knew t %e 
0 z useless z any "o ( ! ?ree corpses4  
,& yet he 0 mak+ prep>ations = h] murd]1
 :5 ! al>m 9 ! /reet int]rupt$ him4  #f 
',revolt ( ,islam1' canto xii4  #g ,see 
8 bitt] lett]s to ,lady ,suffolk4       

,,! ,,true ,,relations ,,( ,,! ,,bible  
,,to ,,m]ely ,,human ,,sci5ce4   ,x is  
sometimes said1 t a religi\s mess5g] f  
,god does n come among/ m5 = ! sake (   
tea*+ tru?s 9 sci5ce1 or ( correct+     
errors 9 sci5ce4 ,mo/ ju/ly is ?is said3
 b (t5 9 t]ms f> too feeble4 ,= g5]ally 
^! t]ms are su* z to imply1 t1 al?\gh no
 direct & imp]ative function ( 8        
mission1 x 0 yet op5 to him1 z a        
p]missible function--t1 al?\gh n press+ 
) ! =ce ( an obligation ^u ! mission>y1 
x 0 yet at 8 discretion--if n to correct
 o!r m5's errors1 yet at lea/ 9 8 own   
p]son to speak ) sci5tific precision4 ,i
 cont5d t x 0 n4 ,i cont5d1 t to h utt]$
 ! tru?s ( a/ronomy1 ( geology1 c41 at !
 era ( new- born ,*ri/ianity1 0 n only  
bel[ & beside ! purposes ( a religion1 b
 w\ld h be5 aga9/ !m4 ,ev5 ^u errors ( a
 f> m important class ?an errors 9      
sci5ce c ev] be--sup]/itions1 = in/ance1
 t degrad$ ! v idea ( ,god2 prejudices &
 false usages1 t laid wa/e human        
happ9ess 7su* z slav]y1 & _m hundr$s (  

o!r abuses t might be m5tion$71 ! rule  
evid5tly act$ ^u by ! ,f\nd] (          
,*ri/ianity 0 ?is--,giv5 ! purification 
( ! well-head1 once assum$ t ! f\nta9s (
 tru? are cleans$1 all ^! d]ivative     
curr5ts ( evil w cleanse !mselves4 ,z a 
g5]al rule1 ! bran*es ( error 7         
disreg>d$1 & ! roots only attack$4 ,if1 
!n1 s l(ty a /ation 0 tak5 ) reg>d ev5  
to su* errors z really _h moral &       
spiritual relations1 h[ mu* m ) reg>d to
 ! comp>ative trifles 7z 9 ! ultimate   
relations ( human nature !y are7 ( m]ely
 human sci5ce6 ,b1 = my "p1 ,i g fur!r1 
& ass]t1 t ^u ?ree reasons x 0          
impossible = any mess5g] f ,god 7or (f]+
 himself 9 t "*7 to h desc5d$ into !    
communication ( tru? m]ely sci5tific1 or
 economic1 or worldly4 ,& ! ?ree reasons
 are ^!3--,fir/1 ,because su* a desc5t  
w\ld h degrad$ 8 mission1 by l[]+ x to !
 base level ( a collusion ) human       
curiosity1 or 79 ! mo/ favorable case7 (
 a collusion ) petty & transitory       
int]e/s4 ,secondly1 ,because x w\ld h   

ru9$ 8 mission1 by di/urb+ its free     
ag5cy1 & misdirect+ its en]gies1 9 two  
sep>ate modes3 fir/1 by de/roy+ !       
spiritual auctoritas 7! pre/ige &       
consid]ation7 ( ! mission>y2 secondly1  
by vitiat+ ! spiritual atmosph]e ( 8    
audi5ce--t is1 corrupt+ & misdirect+ !  
"* ( _! ?\ghts & expectations4 ,he t 9 !
 e>ly days ( ,*ri/ianity %\ld h         
proclaim$ ! true !ory ( ! sol> sy/em1 or
 t by any *ance ^w or allusion %\ld !n1 
9 a condition ( man s little prep>$ to  
receive su* tru?s1 h ass]t$ or assum$ ! 
daily motion ( ! e>? on its own axis1 or
 its annual motion r\nd ! sun1 w\ld h   
f\nd himself entangl$ at once &         
irretrievably 9 ! foll[+ unmanageable   
consequ5ces3--,fir/ ( all1 &            
in/antane\sly1 he w\ld h be5 r\s$ to !  
al>m+ fact1 t1 by ?is dreadful          
indiscretion he himself1 ! pr(ess$      
deliv]] ( a new & spiritual religion1 _h
 9 a mom5t untun$ ! spirituality ( 8    
audi5ce4 ,he w\ld f9d t he _h awak5$ )9 
!m ! passion ( curiosity--! mo/         

unspiritual ( passions1 & ( curiosity 9 
a fi]ce polemic %ape4 ,! v safe/ /ep 9 s
 deplorable a situation w\ld be1        
in/antly to recant4 ,already by ?is "o  
may e/imate ! evil1 :5 su* w\ld be its  
readie/ palliation4 ,= 9 :at condition  
w\ld ! reputation ( ! tea*] be left =   
discretion & wisdom z an intellectual   
guide1 :5 8 fir/ act mu/ be to recant--&
 to recant :at to ! :ole body ( 8 he>]s 
w\ld we> ! "* ( a lunatic proposition4  
,su* consid]ations might possibly induce
 him n to recant4 ,b 9 t case !         
consequ5ces are f> worse4 ,hav+ once    
all[$ himself to sanction :at 8 he>]s   
reg>d z ! mo/ mon/r\s ( p>adoxes1 he has
 no lib]ty ( retreat op5 to him4 ,he mu/
 /& to ! promises ( 8 own acts4 ,utt]+ !
 fir/ tru? ( a sci5ce1 he is pl$g$ to ! 
second2 tak+ ! ma9 /ep1 he is committ$  
to all :i* foll[4 ,he is ?r[n at once ^u
 ! endless controv]sies :i* sci5ce 9 e  
/age provokes1 & 9 none m ?an 9 !       
e>lie/4 ,/>t+1 besides1 f ! au?ority ( a
 div9e mission1 he c\ld n 7z o!rs might7

 h ! privilege ( select+ arbitr>ily or  
p>tially4 ,if ^u "o sci5ce1 !n ^u all2  
if ^u sci5ce1 !n ^u art2 if ^u art &    
sci5ce1 !n ^u e bran* ( social economy 8
 re=mations & advances are equally      
due--due z to all1 if due z to any4 ,to 
move 9 "o direction1 is con/ructively to
 und]take = all4 ,)\t p[] to retreat1 he
 has ?us ?r[n ! intellectual int]e/s ( 8
 foll[]s into a *annel utt]ly ali5 to ! 
purposes ( a spiritual mission4  ,!     
spiritual mission1 !re=e1 ! purpose =   
:i* only ! religi\s tea*] 0 s5t1 has n[ 
p]i%$ altoge!r--ov]laid & conf\nd$ by ! 
m]ely sci5tific wrangl+s to :i* 8 own   
inconsid]ate precipitance has op5$ !    
door4 ,b suppose at ?is po9t t ! tea*]1 
aw>e at l5g? ( ! mis*ief :i* he has     
caus$1 & see+ t ! fatal error ( utt]+ "o
 solit>y novel tru? ^u a matt] ( m]e    
sci5ce is by inevitable consequ5ce to   
?r[ him ^u a road lead+ altoge!r away f 
! prop] field ( 8 mission1 takes !      
laudable c\rse ( confess+ 8 error1 & (  
attempt+ a return into 8 prop] spiritual

 prov9ce4 ,?is may be 8 be/ c\rse2 yet1 
aft] all1 x w n retrieve 8 lo/ gr\nd4   
,he returns ) a "* confess$ly damag$4 ,8
 v excuse re/s ^u ! bl9dness &          
%ortsight$ness :i* =bade 8 anticipat+ ! 
true & natural consequ5ces4 ,nei!r w 8  
own acc\nt ( ! case be g5]ally accept$4 
,he w n be suppos$ to retreat f fur!r   
controv]sy1 z inconsi/5t ) spiritual    
purposes1 b because he f9ds himself     
unequal to ! dispute4 ,&1 9 ! v be/     
case1 he is1 by 8 own ackn[l$gm5t1 ta9t$
 ) human infirmity4 ,he has be5 ru9$ = a
 s]vant ( inspiration2 & h[8 ,by a      
process1 let x be rememb]$1 ( :i* all ! 
/eps are inevitable "u ! same ag5cy3 t  
is1 9 ! case ( any primitive ,*ri/ian   
tea*] hav+ attempt$ to speak ! language 
( sci5tific tru? 9 deal+ ) ! ph5om5a (  
a/ronomy1 geology1 or ( any m]ely human 
k4  ,n[1 ?irdly & la/ly1 9 ord] to try !
 "q 9 an extreme =m1 let x be suppos$ t1
 aid$ by p[]s ( work+ miracles1 "s e>ly 
apo/le ( ,*ri/ianity %\ld actually h    
succe$$ 9 c>ry+ ?r\gh ! ,cop]nican sy/em

 ( a/ronomy1 z an article ( bl9d belief1
 sixte5 c5turies be=e ! progress ( man's
 intellect _h qualifi$ him = naturally  
develop+ t sy/em4 ,:at1 9 su* a case1   
w\ld be ! true e/imate & valuation ( !  
a*ievem5t8 ,simply ?is1 t he _h ?us     
succe$$ 9 cancell+ & c\nt]act+ a        
det]m9ate s*eme ( div9e discipl9e &     
tra9+ = man4 ,:]e=e did ,god give to man
 ! p[]s = cont5d+ ) sci5tific           
difficulties8 ,:]e=e did he lay a secret
 tra9 ( cont9ual occasions1 t %\ld rise1
 by relays1 ?r\gh scores ( g5]ations1 = 
provok+ & develop+ ^? activities 9 man's
 intellect1 if1 aft] all1 he is to s5d a
 mess5g] ( 8 own1 m ?an human1 to       
int]cept & /rangle all ^! great         
purposes8 ,?is is to mi/ake ! v mean+ & 
purposes ( a revelation4 ,a revelation  
is n made = ! purpose ( %[+ to indol5t  
m5 t :i*1 by faculties already giv5 to  
!m1 !y may %[ to !mselves2 no3 b = !    
purpose ( %[+ t :i* ! moral d>kness (   
man w n1 )\t sup]natural light1 all[ him
 to p]ceive4 ,) disda91 !re=e1 mu/ e    

?\ghtful p]son reg>d ! notion1 t ,god   
c\ld wilfully int]f]e ) 8 own plans1 by 
accr$it+ ambassadors to reveal a/ronomy1
 or any o!r sci5ce1 :i* he has comm&$   
m51 by qualify+ m51 to reveal =         
!mselves4  ,ev5 z reg>ds a/ronomy--a    
sci5ce s ne>ly ally+ itself to religion 
by ! l(t9ess & by ! purity ( its        
contemplations--,scripture is n[h]e !   
p>5t ( any doctr9e1 nor s mu* z ! sil5t 
sanction] ( any doctr9e4 ,x is made     
impossible = ,scripture to tea* falsely1
 by ! simple fact t ,scripture1 on su*  
subjects1 w n condesc5d to tea* at all4 
,! ,bible adopts ! errone\s language (  
m5 7:i* at any rate x mu/ d1 9 ord] to  
make itself und]/ood71 n by way (       
sanction+ a !ory1 b by way ( us+ a fact4
 ,! ,bible1 = in/ance1 uses 7po/ulates7 
! ph5om5a ( day & night1 ( summ] & w9t]2
 &1 9 relation to _! causes1 speaks by !
 same popul> & inaccurate language :i*  
is curr5t = ord9>y purposes1 ev5 among/ 
! mo/ sci5tific ( a/ronom]s4 ,= ! man ( 
sci5ce1 equally ) ! populace1 talks ( ! 

sun z ris+ & sett+1 z hav+ f9i%$ half 8 
day's j\rney1 c41 &1 )\t p$antry1 c\ld n
 9 _m cases talk o!rwise4 ,b ! results1 
:i* are all t conc]n ,scripture1 are    
equally true1 :e!r acc\nt$ = by "o      
hypo!sis :i* is philosophically j1 or by
 ano!r :i* is popul> & err+4  ,n[1 on ! 
o!r h&1 9 geology & cosmology1 ! case is
 /rong]4 ,"h !re is no op5+ = a         
compliance ev5 ) a language t is        
errone\s2 = no language at all is curr5t
 ^u subjects t h nev] engag$ ! popul>   
att5tion4 ,"h1 :]e !re is no su* /ream (
 app>5t ph5om5a runn+ c\nt] 7z 9        
a/ronomy !re is7 to ! real ph5om5a1     
nei!r is !re any popul> language oppos$ 
to ! sci5tific4 ,! :ole are abtruse     
speculations1 ev5 z reg>ds _! objects1  
nor dream$ ( z possibilities1 ei!r 9 _! 
true aspects or _! false aspects1 till  
mod]n times4 ,! ,scriptures1 !re=e1     
n[h]e allude to su* sci5ces1 ei!r z tak+
 ! %ape ( hi/ories1 appli$ to processes 
curr5t & 9 movem5t1 or z tak+ ! %ape (  
!ories appli$ to processes pa/ &        

accompli%$4 ,! ,mosaic cosmogony1 inde$1
 gives ! succession ( natural bir?s2 &  
probably ! g5]al outl9e ( su* a         
succession w be m & m confirm$ z geology
 advances4 ,b z to ! "t1 ! duration1 (  
?is successive evolution1 x is ! idle/ (
 notions t ! ,scriptures ei!r h1 or c\ld
 h1 condesc5d$ to human curiosity ^u s  
awful a prologue to ! drama ( ?is _w4   
,g5esis w\ld no m h indulg$ s mean a    
passion ) respect to ! my/]i\s          
inauguration ( ! _w1 ?an ! ,apocalypse )
 respect to its my/]i\s close4 ',yet !  
six days ( ,moses6' ,days6 ,b is x      
possible t human folly %\ld g ! l5g? (  
und]/&+ by ! ,mosaical day1 ! my/]i\s   
day ( t awful ag5cy :i* m\ld$ ! heav5s &
 ! heav5ly ho/1 no m ?an ! ord9>y       
ny*!m]on or cycle ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs8 ,!  
p]iod impli$ 9 a day1 :5 us$ 9 relation 
to ! inaugural manife/ation ( creative  
p[] 9 t va/ drama :i* introduces ,god to
 man 9 ! "* ( a demiurgus or creator ( !
 _w1 indicat$ "o /age among/ six2       
involv+ probably _m millions ( ye>s4 ,! 

sillie/ ( nurses1 9 h] nurs]y babble1   
c\ld h>dly suppose t ! mighty process   
began on a ,monday morn+1 & end$ on     
,saturday night4 ,if we are s]i\sly to  
/udy ! value & scriptural acceptation ( 
scriptural words & phrases1 ,i presume t
 our fir/ bus9ess w be to collate ! use 
( ^! words 9 "o "p ( ,scripture1 ) _!   
use 9 o!r p>ts1 hold+ ! same spiritual  
relations4 ,! creation1 = in/ance1 does 
n belong to ! e>?ly or m]ely hi/orical  
records1 b to ! spiritual records ( !   
,bible2 to ! same category1 !re=e1 z !  
prophetic sections ( ! ,bible4 ,n[1 9   
^?1 & 9 ! ,psalms1 h[ d we und]/& ! ^w  
day8 ,is any man s little v]s$ 9        
biblical language z n to "k1 t 7except 9
 ! m]ely hi/orical p>ts ( ! ,jewi%      
records7 e section ( "t has a secret &  
sep>ate acceptation 9 ! ,scriptures8    
,does an aeon1 ?\gh a ,grecian ^w1 be>  
scripturally 7ei!r 9 ,daniel or 9 ,/4   
,john7 any s5se kn[n to ,grecian e>s8 ,d
 ! sev5ty weeks ( ! prophet mean weeks 9
 ! s5se ( human cal5d>s8 ,already !     

,psalms 7xc471 already ,/4 ,pet] 7#b;d  
,epi/471 w>n u ( a peculi> s5se atta*$  
to ! ^w day 9 div9e e>s4 ,& :o ( !      
innum]able int]pret]s und]/&s ! twelve  
hundr$ & sixty days 9 ,daniel1 or 8 two 
?\s& & odd days1 to mean1 by            
possibility1 p]iods ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs8   
,surely ! !me ( ,moses 0 z my/ical1 & z 
mu* entitl$ to ! b5efit ( my/ical       
language1 z t ( ! prophets4  ,! sum (   
?is matt] is ?is3--,god1 by a ,hebrew   
prophet1 is sublimely describ$ z !      
,reveal]2 &1 9 v>iation ( 8 own         
expression1 ! same prophet describes him
 z ! ,be+ 't kn[e? ! d>kness4' ,"u no   
idea c ! relations ( ,god to man be m   
gr&ly express$4 ,b ( :at is he !        
reveal]8 ,n surely ( ^? ?+s :i* he has  
enabl$ man to reveal = himself1 b ( ^?  
?+s :i*1 7 x n ?r\gh special light f    
heav51 mu/ et]nally rema9 seal$ up 9    
inaccessible d>kness4 ,on ?is pr9ciple  
we %\ld all laugh at a reveal$ cook]y4  
,b ess5tially ! same ridicule1 n m1 & n 
less1 applies to a reveal$ a/ronomy1 or 

a reveal$ geology4 ,z a fact1 !re is no 
su* a/ronomy or geology3 z a            
possibility1 by ! a priori argum5t :i*  
,i h us$ 7viz41 t a revelation on su*   
fields w\ld c\nt]act o!r ma*9]ies (     
provid5ce71 !re c be no su* a/ronomy or 
geology 9 ! ,bible4 ,consequ5tly !re is 
none4 ,consequ5tly !re c be no s*ism or 
feud ^u ^! subjects betwe5 ! ,bible & ! 
philosophies outside4     ,,s*loss]',s  
,,lit]>y ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5?    
,,c5tury4   ,9 ! p]son ( ?is ,mr4       
,s*loss] is exemplifi$ a common abuse1 n
 conf9$ to lit]ature4 ,an arti/ f !     
,italian op]a ( ,london & ,p>is1 mak+ a 
pr(essional excursion to our prov9ces1  
is receiv$ accord+ to ! t>iff ( !       
metropolis2 no "o be+ bold en\gh to     
dispute decisions com+ d[n f ! c\rts    
above4 ,9 t p>ticul> case !re is seldom 
any reason to compla9--s9ce really out (
 ,g]many & ,italy !re is no city1 if y  
except ,p>is & ,london1 possess+        
mat]ials1 9 t field ( art1 = !          
composition ( an audi5ce l>ge en\gh to  

act z a c\rt ( revision4 ,x w\ld be     
presumption 9 ! prov9cial audi5ce1 s    
slightly tra9$ to good music & danc+1 if
 x %\ld affect to rev]se a judgm5t      
ratifi$ 9 ! supreme capital4 ,! result1 
!re=e1 is practically j1 if ! orig9al   
v]dict 0 j2 :at 0 "r f ! fir/ _c be made
 wrong by it]ation4 ,yet1 ev5 9 su* a   
case1 !re is some?+ n satisfactory to a 
delicate s5se ( equity2 = ! arti/       
returns f ! t\r z if f "s new &         
indep5d5t triumph1 :]eas1 all is b !    
rev]b]ation ( an old "o2 x seems a new  
access ( sunlight1 :]eas x is b a reflex
 illum9ation f satellites4  ,9 lit]ature
 ! correspond+ case is worse4 ,an au?or1
 pass+ by means ( translation be=e a    
=eign p1 ought de jure to f9d himself   
be=e a new tribunal2 b de facto1 he does
 n4 ,l ! op]a arti/1 b n ) ! same       
propriety1 he comes be=e a c\rt t nev]  
int]f]es to di/urb a judgm5t1 b only to 
re-affirm x4 ,& he returns to 8 native  
c\ntry1 qu>t]+ 9 8 armorial be>+s ^! new
 trophies1 z ?\gh won by new trials1 :51

 9 fact1 !y are due to s]vile           
ratifications ( old ones4 ,:5 ,sue1 or  
,balzac1 ,hugo1 or ,george ,s&1 comes   
be=e an ,engli% audi5ce--! opportunity  
is inv>iably lo/ = e/imat+ !m at a new  
angle ( sight4 ,all :o dislike !m lay !m
 aside--:il/ ^? only apply !mselves     
s]i\sly to _! /udy1 :o are pr$ispos$ to 
! p>ticul> key ( feel+1 ?r\gh :i*       
orig9ally ^! au?ors _h prosp]$4 ,& ?us a
 new set ( judges1 t might usefully h   
modifi$ ! n>r[ views ( ! old ones1 fall 
by m]e in]tia into ! humble "* ( e*oes &
 s\nd+-bo>ds to swell ! upro> ( !       
orig9al mob4  ,9 ?is way is ?r[n away ! 
opportunity1 n only ( apply+ corrections
 to false national ta/es1 b (t5times ev5
 to ! unfair accid5ts ( luck t befall   
books4 ,= x is well kn[n to all :o wat* 
lit]ature ) vigilance1 t books & au?ors 
h _! =tunes1 :i* travel ^u a f> diff]5t 
scale ( proportions f ^? t measure _!   
m]its4 ,n ev5 ! caprice or ! folly ( !  
read+ public is requir$ to acc\nt = ?is4
 ,v (t51 inde$1 ! :ole diff]5ce betwe5  

an ext5sive circulation = "o book1 &    
none at all = ano!r ( ab\t equal m]it1  
belongs to no p>ticul> bl9dness 9 m51 b 
to ! simple fact1 t ! "o has1 :il/ ! o!r
 has n1 be5 br\ght effectually "u ! eyes
 ( ! public4 ,by f> ! great] "p ( books 
are lo/1 n because !y are reject$1 b    
because !y are nev] introduc$4 ,9 any   
prop] s5se ( ! ^w1 v few books are      
publi%$4 ,te*nically !y are publi%$2 :i*
 means1 t = six or t5 times !y are      
adv]tis$1 b !y are n made kn[n to       
att5tive e>s1 or to e>s prep>$ =        
att5tion4 ,& among/ ! causes :i* acc\nt 
= ?is diff]5ce 9 ! =tune ( books1 al?\gh
 !re are _m1 we may reckon1 z =emo/1    
p]sonal accid5ts ( position 9 ! au?ors4 
,= in/ance1 ) u 9 ,engl& x w d a bad    
book no ultimate s]vice1 t x is writt5  
by a "l1 or a bi%op1 or a privy         
c\nsellor1 or a memb] ( ,p>liam5t--?\gh1
 und\bt$ly1 x w d an in/ant s]vice--x w 
sell an edition or s4 ,?is be+ ! case1 x
 be+ c]ta9 t no rank w reprieve a bad   
writ] f f9al condemnation1 ! sycophantic

 glorifi] ( ! public fancies 8 idol     
ju/ifi$2 b n s4 ,a bad book1 x is true1 
w n be sav$ by advantages ( position 9 !
 au?or2 b a book mod]ately good w be    
extravagantly aid$ by su* advantages4   
,lectures on ,*ri/ianity1 t happ5$ to be
 respectably writt5 & deliv]$1 _h       
prodigi\s success 9 my "y days1 because1
 also1 !y happ5$ to be lectures ( a     
prelate2 ?ree times ! ability w\ld n h  
procur$ !m any att5tion _h !y be5 !     
lectures ( an obscure curate4 ,yet on ! 
o!r h&1 x is b ju/ice to say1 t1 if     
writt5 ) ?ree times less ability1       
lawn-sleeves w\ld n h giv5 !m buoyancy1 
b1 on ! contr>y1 !y w\ld h sunk ! bi%op 
irrecov]ably2 :il/ ! curate1 favor$ by  
obscurity1 w\ld h surviv$ = ano!r *ance4
 ,s aga91 & inde$1 m ?an s1 z to poetry4
 ,"l ,c>lisle1 ( ! la/ g5]ation1 wrote  
tol]able v]ses4 ,!y 7 bett] ?an ,"l     
,roscommon's1 :i*1 = "o hundr$ & fifty  
ye>s1 ! judici\s public has all[$ !     
booksell]s to incorporate1 along ) o!r  
refuse ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5tury1  

into ! co/ly collections ( ! ',briti%   
,poets4' ,& really1 if y w insi/ on     
odi\s comp>isons1 !y 7 n s v mu* bel[ ! 
v]ses ( an amiable prime m9i/] kn[n to u
 all4 ,yet1 because !y want$ vital      
/am9a1 n only !y fell1 b1 9 fall+1 !y   
caus$ ! e>l to reel mu* m ?an any       
common] w\ld h done4 ,n[1 on ! o!r h&1 a
 k9sman ( ,"l ,c>lisle1 viz41 ,"l       
,byron1 because he br\ght real g5ius &  
p[] to ! ef=t1 f\nd a va/ auxili>y      
advantage 9 a pe]age & a v anci5t       
desc5t4 ,on ^! d\ble w+s he so>$ into a 
region ( public int]e/1 f> high] ?an ev]
 he w\ld h rea*$ by poetic p[] alone4 ,n
 only all 8 rubbi%--:i* 9 quantity is   
great--pass$ = jewels1 b also :at are   
inconte/ably jewels h be51 & w be1 valu$
 at a f> high] rate ?an if !y _h be5    
rais$ f less ari/ocratic m9es4 ,s fatal 
= m$iocrity1 s graci\s = real p[]1 is   
any adv5titi\s di/9ction f bir?1 /ation1
 or circum/ances ( brilliant notoriety4 
,9 reality1 ! public1 our               
nev]-suffici5tly-to-be- respect$ "m1 is 

! mo/ unutt]able sycophant t ev] ! cl\ds
 dropp$ _! rheum ^u4 ,%e is always ready
 = jacob9ical sc(fs at a man = be+ a "l1
 if he happ5s to fail2 %e is always     
ready = toady+ a "l1 if he happ5s to    
make a hit4 ,ah1 de> sycophantic old    
lady1 ,i kiss y\r sycophantic h&s1 & wi%
 he>tily t ,i 7 a duke = y\r sake6  ,x  
w\ld be a mi/ake to fancy t ?is t5d5cy  
to conf\nd real m]it & its accid5ts (   
position is at all peculi> to u or to   
our age4 ,dr4 ,sa*ev]ell1 by emb>k+ 8   
small capital ( tal5t on ! spr+tide ( a 
furi\s political collision1 br\ght back 
an ampl] return = 8 little inve/m5t ?an 
ev] did ,wickliffe or ,lu!r4 ,su* 0 8   
popul>ity 9 ! he>t ( love & ! he>t (    
hatr$1 t he w\ld h be5 assass9at$ by !  
,:igs1 on 8 triumphal progresses ?r\gh  
,engl&1 _h he n be5 canoniz$ by !       
,tories4 ,he 0 a dead man if he _h n be5
 sudd5ly gilt & lacqu]$ z an idol4      
,nei!r is ! case peculi> at all to      
,engl&4 ,ronge1 ! ci-devant ,romi% prie/
 7^: "n pron\nce z y w\ld ! ,engli% ^w  

wrong1 suppos+ t x _h = a second        
syllable ! f9al a ( 'sopha1' i4e41      
,wronguh71 has be5 f\nd a wrong-head$   
man by all p>ties1 & 9 a v5ial degree   
is1 p]haps1 a /upid man2 b he moves ab\t
 ) m eclat by f> ?an ! able/ man 9      
,g]many4 ,&1 9 days ( old1 ! man t burn$
 d[n a miracle ( beauty1 viz41 ! temple 
( ,ephesus1 prote/+1 ) te>s 9 8 eyes1 t 
he _h no o!r way ( gett+ himself a "n1  
has got x 9 spite ( u all4 ,he's book$ =
 a ride d[n all hi/ory1 :e!r y & ,i l x 
or n4 ,e pocket diction>y kn[s t        
,ero/ratus 0 t scamp4 ,s ( ,m>t91 ! man 
t p>boil$1 or p>- roa/$ ,york ,m9/] "s  
t5 or twelve ye>s back2 t fell[ w float 
d[n to po/]ity ) ! annals ( ! glori\s   
ca!dral3 he w    ',pursue ! triumph &   
p>take ! gale1'  :il/ ! f\nd]s &        
b5efactors ( ! ,m9/] are practically    
=gott54  ,^! inc5di>ies1 9 %ort1 are z  
well kn[n z ,ephesus or ,york2 b n "o ( 
u c tell1 )\t humm+ & haw+1 :o x 0 t    
rebuilt ! ,ephesian wond] ( ! _w1 or t  
repair$ ! "t- honor$ ,m9/]4 ,equally 9  

lit]ature1 n ! weight ( s]vice done1 or 
! p[] ex]t$1 is sometimes consid]$      
*iefly--ei!r ( ^! mu/ be v conspicu\s   
be=e x w be consid]$ at all--b !        
spl5dor1 or ! notoriety1 or ! absurdity1
 or ev5 ! sc&al\sness ( ! circum/ances  
#a surr\nd+ ! au?or4  ,s*loss] mu/ h    
b5efitt$ 9 "s su* adv5titi\s way be=e he
 ev] c\ld h ris5 to 8 ,g]man celebrity4 
,:at 0 x t rais$ him to 8 mom5t>y       
di/9ction8 ,0 x some?+ v wick$ t he did1
 or some?+ v brilliant t he said8 ,i    
%\ld r conjecture t x mu/ h be5 some?+  
inconceivably absurd :i* he propos$4    
,any "o ( ! ?ree a*ievem5ts /&s good 9  
,g]many = a reputation4 ,b1 h[ev] x 7 t 
,mr4 ,s*loss] fir/ ga9$ 8 reputation1   
m>k :at n[ foll[s4 ,on ! w+s ( ?is      
equivocal reputation he flies abroad to 
,p>is & ,london4 ,!re he ?rives1 n by   
any approv+ exp]i5ce or k ( 8 works1 b  
?r\gh bl9d fai? 9 8 orig9al ,g]man      
public4 ,& back he flies aft]w>ds to    
,g]many1 z if c>ry+ ) him new &         
indep5d5t te/imonies to 8 m]it1 & f two 

nations t are directly conc]n$ 9 8      
viol5t judgm5ts2 :]eas 7:i* is ! simple 
tru?7 he c>ries back a c>eless          
rev]b]ation ( 8 fir/ ,g]man "*1 f ^? :o 
h f> too mu* to read = decl9+ aid f     
vic>i\s criticism :5 x w sp>e t ef=t to 
!mselves4 ,?us x is t ,g]man critics    
become audaci\s & libell\s4 ,kohl1 ,von 
,raum]1 ,dr4 ,c>us1 physician to ! ,k+ (
 ,saxony1 by means ( introductory lett]s
 float+ !m into circles f> above any !y 
_h se5 9 homely ,g]many1 are qualifi$ by
 our own neglig5ce & indulg5ce = m\nt+ a
 ,european tribunal1 f :i* !y pron\nce  
malici\s edicts aga9/ ourselves4        
,s5t9els pres5t arms to ,von ,raum] at  
,w9dsor1 because he rides 9 a c>riage ( 
,que5 ,adelaide's2 & ,von ,raum]        
imm$iately conceives himself !          
,*ancellor ( all ,*ri/5dom1 keep] ( !   
consci5ce to univ]sal ,europe1 ^u all   
que/ions ( art1 mann]s1 politics1 or any
 conceivable intellectual relations (   
,engl&4 ,s*loss] m$itates ! same c>e]4  
,b h ,i any "r to quote ,s*loss]'s words

 f an ,engli% translation8 ,i d s only  
because ?is happ5s to be at h&1 & !     
,g]man n4 ,g]man books are /ill r>e 9   
?is c\ntry1 ?\gh m 7by "o ?\s& to "o7   
?an !y 7 ?irty ye>s ago4 ,b ,i h a full 
"r to rely on ! ,engli% ( ,mr4 ,davison4
 ',i hold 9 my h&1' z g5tlem5 s (t5 say 
at public meet+s1 'a c]tificate f ,h]r  
,s*loss]1 t to quote ,mr4 ,davison is to
 quote him4' ,! ,engli% translation is  
"o :i* ,mr4 ,s*loss] 'dur*geles5 hat1   
und fur d]5 g5auigkeit und ri*tigkeit er
 burgt has read ?r\gh1 & = ! accuracy & 
propriety ( :i* he pl$ges himself4 ,mr4 
,s*ossl] 0 s anxi\s = ! spiritual welf>e
 ( u poor isl&]s1 t he n only read x    
?r\gh1 b he has ev5 aufm]ksam dur*geles5
 x read x ?r\gh wide awake und gepruft &
 c>efully exam9$ x2 nay1 he has done all
 ?is 9 company ) ! translator4 ',oh ye  
,a!nians6 h[ h>d d ,i labor to e>n y\r  
applause6' ,&1 z ! result ( su* h]culean
 labors1 a second "t he makes himself   
surety = its precision2 'er burgt also  
dafur wie fur se9e eigne arbeit' he     

gu>antees x accord+ly z he w\ld 8 own   
workman%ip4 ,7 x n = ?is unlimit$       
c]tificate1 ,i %\ld h s5t = ! book to   
,g]many4 ,z x is1 ,i ne$ n wait2 & all  
compla9ts on ?is score ,i defy1 above   
all f ,h]r ,s*loss]4 #b  ,9 deal+ ) an  
au?or s desultory z ,mr4 ,s*loss]1 !    
critic has a "r to an extra all[ance (  
desultor9ess = 8 own %>e2 s excuse me1  
read]1 = ru%+ at once 9 m$ias res4  ,(  
,swift1 ,mr4 ,s*loss] selects = notice  
?ree works--! ',drapi]'s ,lett]s1'      
',gulliv]'s ,travels1' & ! ',tale ( a   
,tub4' ,) respect to ! fir/1 z x is a   
necessity ( ,mr4 ,s4 to be =ev] wrong 9 
8 sub/ratum ( facts1 he adopts ! old    
errone\s acc\nt ( ,wood's contract z to 
! copp] co9age1 & ( ! imag9>y wrong :i* 
x inflict$ on ,irel&4 ,( all ,swift's   
villa9ies = ! sake ( popul>ity1 & /ill m
 = ! sake ( wield+ ?is popul>ity        
v9dictively1 none is s sc&al\s z ?is4 ,9
 any new life ( ,swift ! case mu/ be    
/at$ de novo4 ,ev5 ,sir ,walt] ,scott is
 n imp>tial2 & = ! same reason z n[ =ces

 me to bl9k x1 viz41 ! difficulty (     
pres5t+ ! details 9 a readable %ape4    
',gulliv]'s ,travels' ,s*loss] /rangely 
consid]s 'spun out to an intol]able     
ext5t4' ,_m evil ?+s might be said (    
,gulliv]2 b n ?is4 ,! capta9 is any?+ b 
t$i\s4 ,&1 inde$1 x becomes a "q ( m]e  
m5suration1 t c be settl$ 9 a mom5t4 ,a 
ye> or two s9ce ,i _h 9 my h&s a pocket 
edition1 compreh5d+ all ! f\r p>ts ( !  
wor?y skipp]'s adv5tures )9 a s+le      
volume ( #dbj pages4 ,"s "p ( ! space 0 
also wa/$ on notes1 (t5 v idle4 ,n[ !   
#a/ "p conta9s two sep>ate voyages      
7,lilliput & ,blefuscu71 ! #b;d1 "o1 !  
#c;d1 five1 & ! #d?1 "o2 s t1 9 all1 ?is
 active navigator1 :o has enri*$        
geography1 ,i hope1 ) some?+ ( a high]  
quality ?an y\r old muffs t ?\ght mu* ( 
d\bl+ ,cape ,horn1 "h gives u n9e great 
discov]ies1 f> m surpris+ ?an ! pret5d$ 
discov]ies ( ,s9bad 7:i* are kn[n to be 
fabul\s71 av]ag+ quam proxime1 =ty- sev5
 small #afmo pages ea*4 ,oh y           
unconscionable ,g]man1 built r\nd 9 y\r 

own c\ntry ) circumvallations (         
impregnable #dtos1 (t5times d>k & dull z
 ,av]nus--t y w h ! face to describe de>
 excell5t ,capta9 ,lemuel ,gulliv] (    
,r$riff1 & subsequ5tly ( ,new>k1 t 'd>l+
 ( *ildr5 & m51' z t$i\s4 ,x is exactly 
because he is n t$i\s1 because he does n
 %oot into ,g]man foliosity1 t ,s*loss] 
f9ds him 'intol]able4' ,i h ju/ly       
transf]r$ to ,gulliv]'s use ! words     
orig9ally appli$ by ! poet to ! rob9-   
r$brea/1 = x is rem>kable t ,gulliv] & !
 ,arabian ,nights are among/ ! few books
 :]e *ildr5 & m5 f9d !mselves meet+ &   
jo/l+ ea* o!r4 ,?is 0 ! case f its fir/ 
publication1 j "o hundr$ & tw5ty ye>s   
s9ce4 ',x 0 receiv$1' says ,dr4         
,johnson1 ') su* avidity1 t ! price ( ! 
fir/ edition 0 rais$ be=e ! second c\ld 
be made--x 0 read by ! high & ! l[1 !   
le>n$ & ! illit]ate4 ,criticism 0 lo/ 9 
wond]4 ,n[1 on ! contr>y1 ,s*loss]      
wond]s n at all1 b simply criticises2   
:i* we c\ld be>1 if ! criticism 7 ev5   
+5i\s4 ,:]eas1 he utt]ly misund]/&s     

,swift1 & is a malici\s calumniator ( ! 
capta9 :o1 luckily1 roam+ 9 ,%]wood1 &  
?9k+1 (t5 ) a sigh1 ( 8 little nurse1 #c
 ,glumdalclit*1 w\ld tr\ble himself     
slightly ab\t :at ,heidelb]g might say 9
 ! next c5tury4 ,!re is b "o example on 
our e>? ( a novel receiv$ ) su*         
indiscrim9ate applause z ',gulliv]2' & t
 0 ',don ,quixote4' ,_m h be5 welcom$   
joyfully by a class --^! two by a p4    
,n[1 c\ld t h happ5$ _h x be5 *>act]iz$ 
by dulness8 ,( all faults1 x c\ld lea/ h
 _h t4 ,z to ! ',tale ( a ,tub1'        
,s*loss] is 9 su* ,cimm]ian vapors t no 
sy/em ( bell[s c\ld bl[ op5 a %aft or   
tube ?r\gh :i* he might ga9 a glimpse ( 
! ,engli% tru? & daylight4 ,x is useless
 talk+ to su* a man on su* a subject4 ,i
 consign him to ! att5tions ( "s        
patriotic ,iri%man4  ,s*loss]1 h[ev]1 is
 "r 9 a grav] reflection :i* he makes ^u
 ! prevail+ philosophy ( ,swift1 viz41 t
 'all 8 views 7 direct$ t[>ds :at 0     
imm$iately b5eficial1 :i* is !          
*>act]i/ic ( savages4' ,?is is          

und5iable4 ,! meanness ( ,swift's       
nature1 & 8 rigid incapacity = deal+ ) !
 gr&eurs ( ! human _s1 ) religion1 )    
poetry1 or ev5 ) sci5ce1 :5 x rose above
 ! m]c5>y practical1 is absolutely      
appall+4 ,8 own yahoo is n a m abom9able
 "o-sid$ degradation ( humanity1 ?an is 
he himself "u ?is aspect4 ,&1 p]haps1 x 
places ?is incapacity ( 8 9 its /ronge/ 
light1 :5 we recur to ! fact ( 8        
a/oni%m5t at a religi\s pr9cess refus+  
to conf] a bi%oprick ^u "o t _h treat$ !
 ,tr9ity1 & all ! pr(\nde/ my/]ies (    
,*ri/ianity1 n ) m]e scepticism1 or     
casual sne]1 b ) set pomp\s m]rim5t &   
f>cical buffoon]y4 ,?is dignit>y ( !    
*ur*1 ,dean ( ! mo/ conspicu\s ca!dral 9
 ,irel&1 _h1 9 full canonicals1 made    
himself into a regul> m\ntebank1 = !    
sake ( giv+ full] effect1 by ! =ce (    
contra/1 to ! sillie/ ( je/s direct$    
aga9/ all t 0 mo/ inali5able f          
,*ri/ianity4 ,ridicul+ su* ?+s1 c\ld he1
 9 any j s5se1 be ?\ght a ,*ri/ian8 ,b1 
z ,s*loss] ju/ly rem>ks1 ev5 ridicul+ ! 

peculi>ities ( ,lu!r & ,calv9 z he did  
ridicule !m1 ,swift c\ld n be ?\ght o!r 
?an con/itutionally incapable (         
religion4 ,ev5 a ,pagan philosoph]1 if  
made to und]/& ! case1 w\ld be incapable
 ( sc(f+ at any =m1 natural or casual1  
simple or di/ort$1 :i* might be assum$  
by ! mo/ solemn ( problems--problems t  
re/ ) ! weight ( worlds ^u ! human _s-- 
',fix'd fate1 free-w1 =e-k absolute4'  !
 de/9y ( man1 or ! relations ( man to   
,god4 ,ang]1 !re=e1 ,swift might feel1 &
 he felt x #g to ! end ( 8 mo/ wret*$   
life2 b :at reasonable gr\nd _h a man ( 
s5se = a/oni%m5t-- t a pr9cess1 :o      
7accord+ to h] k7 0 s9c]ely pi\s1 %\ld  
decl9e to place su* a man ^u an         
,episcopal ?rone8 ,?is argues1 beyond a 
d\bt1 t ,swift 0 9 t /ate (             
con/itutional irreligion1 irreligion f a
 vulg> temp]am5t1 :i* imputes to        
ev]ybody else its own plebeian feel+s4  
,p diff]$1 he fanci$1 n by m & less     
religion1 b by m & less dissimulations4 
,&1 !re=e1 x seem$ to him sc&al\s t a   

pr9cess1 :o mu/1 ( c\rse1 9 h] he>t     
reg>d 79 common ) himself7 all my/]ies z
 solemn masques & mumm]ies1 %\ld pret5d 
9 a case ( d[nright s]i\s bus9ess1 to   
pump up1 out ( dry conv5tional hoaxes1  
any solid objection to a man ( 8 %9+    
m]it4 ',! ,tr9ity1' = in/ance1 t he     
view$ z ! password1 :i* ! kn[+ ones gave
 9 answ] to ! *all5ge ( ! s5t9el2 b1 z  
soon z x _h obta9$ admission = ! p>ty )9
 ! gates ( ! camp1 x 0 rightly dismiss$ 
to oblivion or to laught]4 ,no case s   
mu* illu/rates ,swift's ess5tial        
irreligion2 s9ce1 if he _h %>$ 9 ord9>y 
human feel+s on su* subjects1 n only he 
c\ld n h be5 surpris$ at 8 own exclusion
 f ! b5* ( bi%ops1 aft] su* ribaldries1 
b orig9ally he w\ld h ab/a9$ f !m z     
inevitable b>s to cl]ical promotion1 ev5
 ^u pr9ciples ( public decorum4  ,z to !
 /yle ( ,swift1 ,mr4 ,s*loss] %[s       
himself )\t s5sibility 9 8 objections1 z
 ! (t5 hackney$ ,engli% read] %[s       
himself )\t philosophic k ( /yle 9 8    
applause4 ,s*loss] ?9ks ! /yle (        

,gulliv] 'some:at dull4' ,?is %[s       
,s*loss]'s presumption 9 speak+ ^u a    
po9t :]e he want$1 #a/1 orig9al delicacy
 ( tact2 &1 #b;dly1 famili> k ( ,engli%4
 ,gulliv]'s /yle is purposely t\*$      
slightly ) t dulness ( circum/antiality 
:i* besets ! excell5t1 b 'some:at dull' 
race ( m5--old sea capta9s4 ,yet x we>s 
only an a]ial t9t ( dulness2 ! felicity 
( ?is color+ 9 ,swift's managem5t is1 t 
x nev] goes ! l5g? ( we>y+1 b only (    
giv+ a comic air ( d[nright ,wapp+ &    
,ro!rhi! v]isimilitude4 ,all m5 gr[     
dull1 & ought to be dull1 t live "u a   
solemn s5se ( et]nal dang]1 "o in* only 
( plank 7(t5 worm-eat57 betwe5 !mselves 
& ! grave2 &1 also1 t see = ev] "o      
wild]ness ( wat]s--sublime1 b 7l !      
wild]ness on %ore7 monoton\s4 ,all      
sublime p1 be+ monoton\s1 h a t5d5cy to 
be dull1 & sublime ?+s also4 ,milton &  
,aes*ylus1 ! sublime/ ( m51 are cross$  
at times by a %ade ( dulness4 ,x is _!  
weak side4 ,b z to a sea capta91 a      
regul> nor'-nor'-we/]1 & s\'-s\'-ea/]1  

he ought to be kick$ out ( ! room if he 
is n dull4 ,x is n '%ip-%ape1' or b>ely 
tol]able1 t he %\ld be o!rwise4 ,yet1   
aft] all1 consid]+ :at ,i h /at$ ab\t   
,capta9 ,gulliv]'s n9e voyages cr[d+    
into "o pocket volume1 he _c really h   
mu* abus$ 8 pr(essional lic5se = be+    
dull4 ,inde$1 "o has to look out an     
excuse = 8 be+ s little dull2 :i* excuse
 is f\nd 9 ! fact t he _h /udi$ ?ree    
ye>s at a le>n$ univ]sity4 ,capta9      
,gulliv]1 ?\gh a sailor1 ,i w\ld h y to 
"k1 0 a g[nsman ( ,cambridge3 s says    
,swift1 :o knew m ab\t ! ,capta9 ?an    
anybody n[-a-days4 ,cantabs are all     
horsem51 ergo1 ,gulliv] 0 fit = any ?+1 
f ! wood5 %oon ( ,cambridge up to !     
,horse ,m>9es4  ,n[1 on ! o!r h&1 y1    
common-place read]1 t 7z an old         
tradition7 believe ,swift's /yle to be a
 model ( excell5ce1 h]eaft] ,i %all say 
a ^w to y1 drawn f deep] pr9ciples4 ,at 
pres5t ,i cont5t myself ) ^! ?ree       
propositions1 :i* ov]?r[ if y c2--  #a4 
,t ! m]it1 :i* ju/ly y ascribe to       

,swift1 is v]nacul>ity2 he nev] =gets 8 
"m-tongue 9 exotic =ms1 unless we may   
call ,iri% exotic2 = ,hib]nicisms he    
c]ta9ly has4 ,?is m]it1 h[ev]1 is       
exhibit$--n1 z y fancy1 9 a graceful    
artlessness1 b 9 a co>se in>tificiality4
 ,to be artless1 & to be in>tificial1   
are v diff]5t ?+s2 z diff]5t z be+      
natural & be+ gross2 z diff]5t z be+    
simple & be+ homely4  #b4 ,t :atev]1    
meantime1 be ! p>ticul> sort (          
excell5ce1 or ! value ( ! excell5ce1 9 !
 /yle ( ,swift1 he _h x 9 common )      
multitudes beside ( t age4 ,de ,foe     
wrote a /yle = all ! _w ! same z to k9d 
& degree ( excell5ce1 only pure f       
,hib]nicisms4 ,s did e hone/ skipp]     
,dampi] 0 some?+ m :o _h occasion to    
record 8 voyages 9 ?is _w ( /orms4 ,s   
did _m a hundr$ ( religi\s writ]s4 ,&   
:at wond] %\ld !re be 9 ?is1 :5 ! ma9   
qualification = su* a /yle 0 pla9 good  
s5se1 natural feel+1 unpret5d+ness1 "s  
little s*ol>ly practice 9 putt+ toge!r !
 clockwork ( s5t5ces1 s z to avoid      

me*anical awkw>dness ( con/ruction1 b   
above all ! advantage ( a subject1 su* 9
 its nature z in/9ctively to reject     
ornam5t1 le/ x %\ld draw (f att5tion f  
itself8 ,su* subjects are common2 b gr& 
impassion$ subjects insi/ ^u a diff]5t  
treatm5t2 & !re x is t ! true           
difficulties ( /yle comm5ce4  #c4 ,:i*  
p>tly is sugge/$ by ! la/ rem>k4 ,t     
ne>ly all ! blockheads ) :om ,i h at any
 "t _h ! pleasure ( conv]s+ ^u ! subject
 ( /yle 7& p>don me = say+ t m5 ( ! mo/ 
s5se are apt1 ^u two subjects1 viz41    
poetry & /yle1 to talk mo/ l            
blockheads71 h inv>iably reg>d$ ,swift's
 /yle n z if relatively good i4e4 giv5 a
 prop] subject1 b z if absolutely       
good--good unconditionally1 no matt] :at
 ! subject4 ,n[1 my fri5d1 suppose !    
case1 t ! ,dean _h be5 requir$ to write 
a p5dant = ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh's       
immortal apo/rophe to ,dea?1 or to _m   
passages t ,i w select 9 ,sir ,?omas    
,br[n's ',religio ,m$ici1' & 8          
',urn-burial1' or to ,j]emy ,taylor's   

inaugural sections ( 8 ',holy ,liv+ &   
,dy+1' d y "k :at w\ld h happ5$8 ,are y 
aw>e :at sort ( ridicul\s figure y\r    
poor bald ,jona?an w\ld h cut8 ,ab\t !  
same t w\ld be cut by a =lorn scullion  
or wait] f a greasy eat+-h\se at        
,rott]dam1 if sudd5ly call$ away 9      
vision to act z s5es*al to ! fe/ival (  
,bel%azz> ! k+1 be=e a ?\s& ( 8 lords4  
,s*loss]1 aft] say+ any ?+ "r & true 7& 
he really did say ! true ?+ ab\t        
,swift's ess5tial irreligion71 usually  
becomes exhau/$1 l a boa-con/rictor aft]
 eat+ 8 half-ye>ly d9n]4 ,! boa ga!rs   
himself up1 x is to be hop$ = a long fit
 ( dyspepsy1 9 :i* ! horns & ho(s t he  
has swall[$ may *ance to av5ge ! poor   
goat t own$ !m4 ,s*loss]1 on ! o!r h&1  
retires into a corn]1 = ! purpose (     
ob/9ately talk+ nons5se1 until ! gong   
s\nds aga9 = a slight refection ( s5se4 
,accord+ly he lik5s ,swift1 be=e he has 
done ) him1 to :om8 ,i might safely all[
 ! read] ?ree ye>s = guess+1 if !       
greate/ ( wag]s 7 dep5d+ betwe5 u4 ,he  

lik5s him to ,kotzebue1 9 ! fir/ place4 
,h[ fai?ful ! resemblance6 ,h[ exactly  
,swift rem9ds y ( ,c\nt ,b5y[ski 9      
,sib]ia1 & ( ,mrs4 ,hall] mop+ h] eyes 9
 ! ',/rang]6' ,"o really is puzzl$ to   
say1 accord+ to ! negro's logic1 :e!r   
,mrs4 ,hall] is m l ! ,dean ( ,/4       
,patrick's1 or ! ,dean m l ,mrs4 ,hall]4
 ,anyh[1 ! lik5ess is prodigi\s1 if x is
 n q reciprocal4 ,! o!r t]m9us ( !      
comp>ison is ,wiel&4 ,n[ !re is "s %ad[ 
( a resemblance !re4 ,= ,wiel& _h a t\* 
( ! comico-cynical 9 8 nature2 & x is   
notori\s t he 0 (t5 call$ ! ,g]man      
,voltaire1 :i* argues "s tig]-monkey gr9
 t trav]s$ 8 features at int]vals4      
,wiel&'s malice1 h[ev]1 0 f> m playful &
 g5ial ?an ,swift's2 some?+ ( ?is is %[n
 9 8 romance ( ',idris1' & (t5times 9 8 
prose4 ,b :at ! _w kn[s ,wiel& by is 8  
',ob]on4' ,n[ 9 ?is gay1 musical romance
 ( ,sir ,huon & 8 en*ant$ horn1 ) its   
gleams ( voluptu\sness1 is !re a        
possibility t any sugge/ion ( a sc[l+   
face l ,swift's %\ld cross ! fe/al      

sc5es8  ,f ,swift ! sc5e *anges to      
,addison & ,/eele4 ,/eele is ( less     
importance2 =1 ?\gh a man ( great]      
intellectual activity #d ?an ,addison1  
he _h f> less ( g5ius4 ,s ,i turn him   
out1 z "o w\ld turn out ^u a hea? a ram 
t _h miss$ 8 way into "o's tulip        
pres]ve2 reque/+ him to fight = himself 
aga9/ ,s*loss]1 or o!rs t may mole/ him4
 ,b1 s f> z conc]ns ,addison1 ,i am     
happy to support ! "* ( ,s*loss] =      
consi/5cy1 by assur+ ! read] t1 ( all ! 
mon/rosities utt]$ by any man ^u        
,addison1 & ( all ! mon/rosities utt]$  
by ,s*loss] ^u any man1 a ?+ :i* he says
 ab\t ,addison is ! wor/4 ,b ?is ,i     
res]ve = a climax at ! end4 ,s*loss]    
really puts 8 be/ leg =emo/ at />t+1 &  
"o ?9ks he's go+ to m5d2 = he cat*es a  
tru?1 viz41 ! foll[+--t all !           
brilliances ( ! ,que5 ,anne p]iod 7:i* s
 _m inconsid]ate p h call$ ! ,augu/an   
age ( our lit]ature7 'po9t to ?is-- t ! 
read+ public wi%$ to be ent]ta9$1 n r\s$
 to ?9k2 to be g5tly mov$1 n deeply     

excit$4' ,und\bt$ly :at /rikes a man 9  
,addison1 or w /rike him :5 indicat$1 is
 ! coyness & timidity1 almo/ ! girli%   
%ame1 :i* he betrays 9 ! pres5ce ( all !
 elem5t>y maje/ies belong+ to impassion$
 or idealiz$ nature4 ,l "o br$ 9 cr[d$  
cities1 :5 fir/ left alone 9 =e/s or    
among/ m\nta9s1 he is fright5$ at _!    
sil5ce1 _! solitude1 _! magnitude ( =m1 
or _! fr[n+ glooms4 ,x has be5 rem>k$ by
 o!rs t ,addison & 8 companions nev]    
rise to ! idea ( address+ ! 'nation' or 
! 'p2' x is always ! 't[n4' ,ev5 _!     
audi5ce 0 conceiv$ ( by !m "u a limit$  
=m4 ,yet = ?is !y _h "s excuse 9 ! /ate 
( facts4 ,a man w\ld l at ?is mom5t to  
assume t ,europe & ,asia 7 li/5+ to him2
 & z "s few copies ( 8 book d really g  
to ,p>is & ,naples1 "s to ,calcutta1 !re
 is a sort ( legal fiction t su* an     
assumption is /eadily tak+ root4 ,yet1  
unhappily1 t ugly b>ri] ( languages     
int]f]es4 ,s*amyl1 ! ,circassian *ief1  
?\gh mu* ( a savage1 is n s want+ 9 ta/e
 & disc]nm5t z to be backw>d 9 read+ any

 book ( y\rs or m9e4 ,d\btless he ye>ns 
to read x4 ,b !n1 y see1 t inf]nal      
,t*irkass language /eps betwe5 our book1
 ! d>l+1 & him1 ! disc]n+ read]4 ,n[1 j 
su* a b>ri] exi/$ = ! ,spectator 9 !    
travell+ arrangem5ts ( ,engl&4 ,! v few 
old heavies t _h begun to creep along   
?ree or f\r ma9 roads1 dep5d$ s mu* on  
w9d & wea!r1 _! *ances ( f\nd]+ 7 s     
uncalculat$1 _! p]iods ( revolution 7 s 
comet>y & unc]ta91 t no body ( sci5tific
 obs]vations _h yet be5 collect$ to     
w>rant a prud5t man 9 risk+ a heavy bale
 ( goods2 &1 on ! :ole1 ev5 = ,york1    
,norwi*1 or ,w9*e/]1 a consignm5t (     
',specs' 0 n q a safe spec4 ,/ill1 ,i   
c\ld h told ! ,spectator :o 0 anxi\s to 
make money1 :]e he might h be5 sure ( a 
di/ant sale1 ?\gh returns w\ld h be5    
sl[1 viz41 at ,ox=d & ,cambridge4 ,we "k
 f ,milton t old ,hobson deliv]$ 8      
p>cels pretty regul>ly eighty ye>s be=e 
#agaj4 ,&1 "o g5]ation be=e t1 x is     
pla91 by ! int]e/+ 7?\gh some:at        
,jacob9ical7 lett]s #e ( ,joseph ,m$e1 !

 comm5t] on ! ,apocalypse1 t news &     
politics ( "o k9d or o!r 7& sc&al ( e   
k9d7 f\nd out = !mselves a sort (       
contrab& lungs to brea! ?r\gh betwe5    
,london & ,cambridge2 n q s regul> 9 _! 
sy/ole & dia/ole z ! tides ( ebb &      
flood1 b bett] ?an no?+4 ,if y consign$ 
a packet into ! prop] h&s on ! #a/ (    
,may1 'z sure z dea?' to speak          
,scottice1 x w\ld be deliv]$ )9 sixty   
miles ( ! capital be=e mid-summ]4 ,/ill 
!re 7 delays2 & ^! =c$ a man into c>v+ 8
 _w out ( ,london4 ,t excuses ! ^w t[n4 
,inexcusable1 h[ev]1 7 _m o!r =ms (     
expression 9 ^? days1 :i* argu$ c[>dly  
feel+s4 ,"o w\ld l to see a se>*+       
inve/igation into ! /ate ( society 9    
,anne's days--its extreme artificiality1
 its %eepi% res]ve ^u all ! impassion$  
gr&eurs1 its %ameless outrages ^u all ! 
dec5cies ( human nature4 ,c]ta9 x is1 t 
,addison 7because ev]ybody7 0 9 t meane/
 ( conditions :i* blu%es at any         
expression ( sympa?y ) ! lovely1 !      
noble1 or ! impassion$4 ,! wret*es 7    

a%am$ ( _! own nature1 & p]haps )       
reason2 = 9 _! own d5aturaliz$ he>ts !y 
read only a degrad$ nature4 ,addison1 9 
p>ticul>1 %rank f e bold & e pr(\nd     
expression z f an (f5ce aga9/ good ta/e4
 ,he dur/ n = 8 life h us$ ! ^w         
'passion' except 9 ! vulg> s5se ( an    
angry p>oxysm4 ,he dur/ z soon h danc$ a
 hornpipe on ! top ( ! 'monum5t' z h    
talk$ ( a 'raptur\s emotion4' ,:at w\ld 
he h said8 ,:y1 's5tim5ts t 7 ( a nature
 to prove agreeable aft] an unusual     
rate4' ,9 _! odi\s v]ses1 ! creatures ( 
t age talk ( love z some?+ t 'burns' !m4
 ,y suppose at fir/ t !y are disc\rs+ ( 
tall[ c&les1 ?\gh y _c imag9e by :at    
imp]t95ce !y address y1 t are no        
tall[-*&l]1 ^u su* pa9ful subjects4 ,&1 
:5 !y apo/rophize ! woman ( _! he>t 7= y
 are to und]/& t !y pret5d to su* an    
organ71 !y besee* h] to 'ease _! pa94'  
,c human meanness desc5d l[]8 ,z if !   
man1 be+ ill f pleurisy1 !re=e _h a "r  
to take a lady = "o ( ! dress]s 9 an    
hospital1 ^: duty x w\ld be to fix a    

burgundy-pit* pla/] betwe5 8 %\ld]s4    
,ah1 ! mon/]s6 ,!n to read ( _!         
,phillises & ,/rephons1 & ,*loes1 &     
,corydons--names t1 by _! v non-reality 
among/ names ( fle% & blood1 proclaim ! 
fanta/icalness ( ! life ) :i* !y are    
poetically connect$-- x ?r[s me into su*
 convulsions ( rage1 t ,i move to !     
w9d[1 & 7)\t ?9k+ :at ,i am ab\t7 ?r[+ x
 up1 call+1 ',police6 police6' ,:at's t 
=8 ,:at c ! police d 9 ! bus9ess8 ,:y1  
c]ta9ly no?+4 ,:at ,i meant 9 my dream  
01 p]haps b "o =gets :at "o meant ^u    
recov]+ "o's temp]1 t ! police %\ld take
 ,/rephon & ,corydon into cu/ody1 :om ,i
 fanci$ at ! o!r end ( ! room4 ,& really
 ! ju/ifiable fury1 t arises ^u recall+ 
su* abom9able attempts at bucolic       
s5tim5ts 9 su* abom9able language1      
sometimes transports me into a luxuri\s 
vision s9k+ back ?r\gh "o hundr$ & ?irty
 ye>s1 9 :i* ,i see ,addison1 ,phillips1
 bo? ,john & ,ambrose1 ,tickell1        
,fickell1 ,budgell1 & ,cudgell1 ) _m    
o!rs beside1 all cudgell$ 9 a r\nd rob91

 none claim+ prec$5cy ( ano!r1 none able
 to %r9k f 8 own divid5d1 until a voice 
seems to recall me to mild] ?\ghts by   
say+1 ',b surely1 my fri5d1 y nev] c\ld 
wi% to see ,addison cudgell$8 ,let      
,/rephon & ,corydon be cudgell$ )\t end1
 if ! police c %[ any w>rant = do+ x ,b 
,addison 0 a man ( great g5ius4' ,true1 
he 0 s4 ,i recollect x sudd5ly1 & w back
 out ( any angry ?+s t ,i h be5 misl$   
into say+ by ,s*loss]1 :o1 by-!-bye1 0  
"r1 aft] all1 = a wond]4  ,b n[ ,i w    
turn my :ole fury 9 v5geance ^u         
,s*loss]4 ,&1 look+ r\nd = a /one to ?r[
 at him1 ,i obs]ve ?is4 ,addison c\ld n 
be s entirely c>eless ( excit+ ! public 
to ?9k & feel1 z ,s*loss] pret5ds1 :5 he
 took s mu* pa9s to inoculate t public )
 a s5se ( ! ,miltonic gr&eur4 ,!        
',p>adise ,lo/' _h !n be5 publi%$ b>ely 
=ty ye>s1 :i* 0 no?+ 9 an age )\t       
reviews2 ! editions 7 /ill scanty2 &    
?\gh no ,addison c\ld ev5tually promote1
 = ! in/ant he quick5$1 ! circulation4  
,if ,i recollect1 ,tonson's accurate    

revision ( ! text foll[$ imm$iately ^u  
,addison's pap]s4 ,& x is c]ta9 t       
,addison #f mu/ h diffus$ ! k ( ,milton 
^u ! cont95t1 f signs t soon foll[$4 ,b 
does n ?is prove t ,i myself h be5 9 !  
wrong z well z ,s*loss]8 ,no3 t's       
impossible4 ,s*loss]'s always 9 ! wrong2
 b x's ! next ?+ to an impossibility t  
,i %\ld be detect$ 9 an error3          
philosophically speak+1 x is suppos$ to 
involve a contradiction4 ',b surely ,i  
said ! v same ?+ z ,s*loss] by ass5t+ to
 :at he said4' ,maybe ,i did3 b !n ,i h 
"t to make a di/9ction1 because my      
article is n yet f9i%$2 we are only at  
page six or sev52 :]eas ,s*loss] c't    
make any di/9ction n[1 because 8 book's 
pr9t$2 & 8 li/ ( errata 7:i* is %ock+   
?\gh he does n confess to ! ?\s&? "p71  
is actually publi%$4 ,my di/9ction      
is--t1 ?\gh ,addison g5]ally hat$ !     
impassion$1 & %rank f x z f a fe>ful ?+1
 yet ?is 0 :5 x comb9$ ) =ms ( life &   
fle%y realities 7z 9 dramatic works71 b 
n :5 x comb9$ ) eld] =ms ( et]nal       

ab/ractions4 ,h5ce1 he did n read1 & did
 n l ,%akspe>e2 ! music 0 "h too rapid &
 life-l3 b he sympa?iz$ pr(\ndly ) !    
solemn ca!dral *ant+ ( ,milton4 ,an     
appeal to 8 sympa?ies :i* exact$ quick  
*anges 9 ^? sympa?ies he c\ld n meet1 b 
a m /ation>y key ( solemnity he c\ld4   
,inde$1 ?is diff]5ce is illu/rat$ daily4
 ,a long li/ c be cit$ ( passages 9     
,%akspe>e1 :i* h be5 solemnly d5\nc$ by 
_m em95t m5 7all blockheads7 z          
ridicul\s3 & if a man does f9d a passage
 9 a trag$y t displeases him1 x is sure 
to seem ludicr\s3 witness ! indec5t     
exposures ( !mselves made by ,voltaire1 
,la ,h>pe1 & _m billions beside ( bili\s
 p4 ,:]eas1 ( all ! %ameful p 7equally  
billions & n less bili\s7 t h presum$ to
 qu>rel ) ,milton1 n "o has ?\ght him   
ludicr\s1 b only dull & somnol5t4 ,9    
',le>' & 9 ',hamlet1' z 9 a human face  
agitat$ by passion1 are _m ?+s t tremble
 on ! br9k ( ! ludicr\s to an obs]v]    
end[$ ) small range ( sympa?y or        
intellect4 ,b no man ev] f\nd ! />ry    

heav5s ludicr\s1 ?\gh _m f9d !m dull1 & 
pref] a ne> view ( a br&y flask4 ,s 9 ! 
solemn :eel+s ( ! ,miltonic movem5t1    
,addison c\ld f9d a s9c]e delight4 ,b ! 
sublimities ( e>?ly mis]y & ( human     
fr5zy 7 = him a book seal$4 ,beside all 
:i*1 ,milton1 r5ew$ ! types ( ,grecian  
beauty z to =m1 :il/ ,%akspe>e1 )\t     
design+ at all to contradict ^! types1  
did s1 9 effect1 by 8 fidelity to a new 
nature1 radiat+ f a ,go?ic c5tre4  ,9 ! 
mid/1 h[ev]1 ( mu* j feel+1 :i* "o c\ld 
only wi% a little deep]1 9 ! ,addisonian
 pap]s on ',p>adise ,lo/1' !re are "s   
gross blund]s ( criticism1 z !re are 9  
,dr4 ,johnson1 & f ! self-same cause--an
 und]/&+ sudd5ly palsi$ f defective     
passion1 ,a feeble capacity ( passion   
mu/1 ^u a "q ( passion1 con/itute a     
feeble range ( intellect4 ,b1 aft] all1 
! wor/ ?+ utt]$ by ,addison 9 ^! pap]s  
is1 n aga9/ ,milton1 b meant to be      
complim5t>y4 ,t[>ds enhanc+ ! spl5dor ( 
! great poem1 he tells u t x is a       
,grecian palace z to amplitude1         

symmetry1 & ar*itectural skill3 b be+ 9 
! ,engli% language1 x is to be reg>d$ z 
if built 9 brick2 :]eas1 _h x be5 s     
happy z to be writt5 9 ,greek1 !n x w\ld
 h be5 a palace built 9 ,p>ian m>ble4   
,inde$6 t's sm>t--'t's h&some1 ,i       
calculate4' ,yet1 be=e a man und]takes  
to sell 8 "m-tongue1 z old pewt] truck$ 
aga9/ gold1 he %\ld be q sure ( 8 own   
metallurgic skill2 because else1 ! gold 
may happ5 to be copp]1 & ! pewt] to be  
silv]4 ,are y q sure1 my ,addison1 t y h
 und]/ood ! p[]s ( ?is language :i* y   
toss away s lightly1 z an old           
tea-kettle8 ,is x a rul$ case t y h     
exhau/$ its res\rces8 ,nobody d\bts y\r 
grace 9 a c]ta9 l9e ( composition1 b x  
is only "o l9e among _m1 & x is f> f be+
 among/ ! highe/4 ,x is dang]\s1 )\t    
exam9ation1 to sell ev5 old kettles2    
mis]s conceal old /ock+s fill$ ) gu9eas 
9 old tea-kettles2 & we all "k t        
,aladd9's s]vant1 by ex*ang+ an old lamp
 = a new "o1 caus$ an ,iliad (          
calamities3 8 ma/]'s palace jump$ f     

,bagdad to "s place on ! road to        
,a%antee2 ,mrs4 ,aladd9 & ! piccan9ies 7
 c>ri$ (f z inside pass5g]s2 & ,aladd9  
himself only escap$ be+ lagg$1 = a rogue
 & a conjuror1 by a fly+ jump aft] 8    
palace4 ,n[1 m>k ! folly ( man4 ,mo/ ( !
 p ,i am go+ to m5tion subscrib$1       
g5]ally1 to ! supreme excell5ce (       
,milton2 b ea* wi%$ = a little *ange to 
be made-- :i*1 & :i* only 0 want$ to    
p]fection4 ,dr4 ,johnson1 ?\gh he       
pret5d$ to be satisfi$ ) ! ',p>adise    
,lo/1' ev5 9 :at he reg>d$ z ! undress (
 blank v]se1 /ill secretly wi%$ x 9     
rhyme4 ,t's ,no4 #a4 ,addison1 ?\gh q   
cont5t ) x 9 ,engli%1 /ill c\ld h wi%$ x
 9 ,greek4 ,t's ,no4 #b4 ,b5tley1 ?\gh  
admir+ ! bl9d old poet 9 ! highe/       
degree1 /ill obs]v$1 smil+ly1 t aft] all
 he 0 bl9d2 he1 !re=e1 sla%+ ,dick1 c\ld
 h wi%$ t ! great man _h always be5     
surr\nd$ by hone/ p2 b1 z t 0 n to be1  
he c\ld h wi%$ t 8 amanu5sis has be5    
hang$2 b1 z t also _h become impossible1
 he c\ld wi% to d execution ^u him 9    

effigy1 by s9k+1 burn+1 & de/roy+ 8     
h&ywork--^u :i* basis ( po/hum\s ju/ice1
 he proce$$ to amputate all ! f9e/      
passages 9 ! poem4 ,sla%+ ,dick 0 ,no4  
#c4 ,payne ,knight 0 a sev]] man ev5 ?an
 sla%+ ,dick2 he pr(ess$ to look ^u !   
fir/ book ( ',p>adise ,lo/' z ! f9e/ ?+ 
t e>? _h to %[2 b1 = t v reason1 he c\ld
 h wi%$1 by y\r leave1 to see ! o!r     
elev5 books saw$ (f1 & s5t ov]bo>d2     
because1 ?\gh tol]able p]haps 9 ano!r   
situation1 !y really 7 a national       
disgrace1 :5 /&+ beh9d t unrivall$      
portico ( book #a4 ,!re goes ,no4 #d4   
,!n came a fell[1 ^: "n 0 ei!r n on 8   
title page1 or ,i h =gott5 x1 t pron\nc$
 ! poem to be laudable1 & full ( good   
mat]ials2 b /ill he c\ld h wi%$ t !     
mat]ials _h be5 put toge!r 9 a m        
workmanlike mann]2 :i* k9d (fice he set 
ab\t himself4 ,he made a g5]al cle>ance 
( all lumb]3 ! expression ( e ?\ght he  
entirely re-ca/3 & he fitt$ up ! metre )
 beautiful pat5t rhymes2 n1 ,i believe1 
out ( any consid]ation = ,dr4 ,johnson's

 com=t1 b on pr9ciples ( m]e ab/ract    
dec5cy3 z x 01 ! poem seem$ nak$1 & yet 
0 n a%am$4 ,!re w5t ,no4 #e4 ,him       
succe$$ a droll] fell[ ?an any ( ! re/4 
,a ,fr5* book-sell] _h caus$ a prose    
,fr5* translation to be made ( !        
',p>adise ,lo/1' )\t p>ticul>ly notic+  
its ,engli% orig91 or at lea/ n 9 !     
title page4 ,our fri5d1 ,no4 #f1 gett+  
hold ( ?is z an orig9al ,fr5* romance1  
translat$ x back into ,engli% prose1 z a
 satisfactory novel = ! season4 ,8      
little mi/ake 0 at l5g? discov]$1 &     
communicat$ to him ) %\ts ( laught]2 on 
:i*1 aft] consid]able kick+ & plung+ 7= 
a man _c b turn re/ive :5 he f9ds t he  
has n only got ! wrong s[ by ! e>1 b    
actually sold ! s[ to a booksell]71 !   
poor translator 0 tam$ into sulk9ess2 9 
:i* /ate ho obs]v$ t he c\ld h wi%$ 8   
own "w1 be+ evid5tly s mu* sup]ior to ! 
e>lie/ =m ( ! romance1 might be admitt$ 
by ! c\rtesy ( ,engl& to take ! prec$5cy
 z ! orig9al ',p>adise ,lo/1' & to      
sup]s$e ! v rude p]=mance ( ',milton1   

,mr4 ,john4' #g  ,s*loss] makes ! a/\nd+
 ass]tion1 t a complim5t ( ,boileau to  
,addison1 & a pure complim5t ( c]emony  
^u ,addison's e>ly ,lat9 v]ses1 0       
7cr$ite po/]i67 ! mak+ ( ,addison 9     
,engl&4 ,und]/&1 ,s*loss]1 t ,addison's 
,lat9 v]ses 7 nev] he>d ( by ,engl&1    
until long aft] 8 ,engli% prose _h fix$ 
! public att5tion ^u him2 8 ,lat9       
reputation 0 a slight reaction f 8      
,engli% reputation3 &1 secondly1 und]/& 
t ,boileau _h at no "t any su* au?ority 
9 ,engl& z to make anybody's reputation2
 he _h fir/ ( all to make 8 own4 ,a sure
 pro( ( ?is is1 t ,boileau's "n 0 fir/  
publi%$ to ,london1 by ,prior's         
burlesque ( :at ! ,fr5*man _h call$ an  
ode4 ,?is gasconad+ ode celebrat$ !     
passage ( ! ,rh9e 9 #afgb1 & ! capture (
 t fam\s =tress call$ ,sk9k 7'le fameux 
=t de'71 by ,l\is ,,xiv41 kn[n to       
,london at ! "t ( ,prior's p>ody by ! "n
 ( ',l\is ,baboon4' #h ,t 0 n likely to 
recomm5d ,ma/] ,boileau to any ( !      
allies aga9/ ! said ,baboon1 _h x ev]   

be5 he>d ( out ( ,france4 ,nor 0 x      
likely to make him popul> 9 ,engl&1 t 8 
"n 0 fir/ m5tion$ among/ %\ts ( laught] 
& mock]y4 ,x is ano!r argum5t ( ! slight
 notoriety possess$ by ,boileau 9       
,engl&--t no attempt 0 ev] made to      
translate ev5 8 satires1 epi/les1 or    
',lutr91' except by booksell]s' hacks2 &
 t no su* v]sion ev] took ! slighte/    
root among/ ourselves1 f ,addison's day 
to ?is v summ] ( #ahdg4 ,boileau 0      
ess5tially1 & 9 two s5ses1 viz41 bo? z  
to m9d & z to influ5ce1 un homme borne4 
,addison's ',bl5heim' is poor en\gh2 "o 
might ?9k x a translation f "s ,g]man   
orig9al ( ^? times4 ,gotts*$'s aunt1 or 
,bodm]'s wet- nurse1 might h writt5 x2 b
 /ill no fibs ev5 z to ',bl5heim4' ,8   
'enemies' did n say ?is ?+ aga9/        
',bl5heim' 'al\d1' nor 8 fri5ds t ?+    
aga9/ x 's(tly4' ,& :y8 ,because at t "t
 7#agjd-e7 he _h made no p>ticul>       
enemies1 nor any p>ticul> fri5ds2 unless
 by fri5ds y mean 8 ,:ig patrons1 & by  
enemies 8 tailor & co4  ,z to ',cato1'  

,s*loss]1 z usual1 w&]s 9 ! %ad[ (      
anci5t night4 ,! ,engli% 'p1' x seems1 s
 'extravagantly applaud$' ?is wret*$    
drama1 t y might suppose !m to h        
'altoge!r *ang$ _! nature1' & to h      
=gott5 ,%akspe>e4 ,t man mu/ h =gott5   
,%akspe>e1 inde$1 & f ramollissem5t ( ! 
bra91 :o c\ld admire ',cato4' ',b1' says
 ,s*loss]1 'x 0 only a 'fa%ion2' & !    
,engli% soon rep5t$4' ,! ,engli% c\ld n 
rep5t ( a crime :i* !y _h nev] committ$4
 ,cato 0 n popul> = a mom5t1 nor tol]at$
 = a mom5t1 ^u any lit]>y gr\nd1 or z a 
"w ( art4 ,x 0 an apple ( temptation &  
/rife ?r[n by ! goddess ( faction betwe5
 two infuriat$ p>ties4 ',cato1' com+ f a
 man )\t ,p>liam5t>y connections1 w\ld h
 dropp$ lifeless to ! gr\nd4 ,! ,:igs h 
always affect$ a special love & favor = 
popul> c\nsels3 !y h nev] ceas$ to give 
!mselves ! be/ ( *>act]s z reg>ds public
 fre$om4 ,! ,tories1 z contradi/+ui%$ to
 ! ,jacobites1 kn[+ t )\t _! aid1 !     
,revolution c\ld n h be5 c>ri$1 mo/     
ju/ly cont5d$ t ! national lib]ties _h  

be5 at lea/ z mu* indebt$ to !mselves4  
,:51 !re=e1 ! ,:igs put =? _! man ,cato 
to m\? spee*es ab\t lib]ty1 z           
exclusively _! pet1 & ab\t patriotism & 
all t sort ( ?+1 say+ insult+ly to !    
,tories1 ',h[ d y l t8 ,does t /+8'     
',/+1 inde$6' repli$ ! ,tories2 'n at   
all2 x's q refre%+ to u1 t ! ,:igs h n  
utt]ly dis[n$ su* s5tim5ts1 :i*1 by _!  
public acts1 we really ?\ght !y _h4' ,&1
 accord+ly1 z ! popul> anecdote tells u1
 a ,tory lead]1 ,"l ,bol+broke1 s5t =   
,boo? :o p]=m$ ,cato1 & pres5t$ him     
7populo spectante7 ) fifty gu9eas '=    
def5d+ s well ! cause ( ! p aga9/ a     
p]petual dictator4' ,9 :i* words1       
obs]ve1 ,"l ,bol+broke at once ass]t$ ! 
cause ( 8 own p>ty1 & laun*$ a s>casm   
aga9/ a great individual oppon5t1 viz41 
,m>lbor\gh4 ,n[1 ,mr4 ,s*loss]1 ,i h    
m5d$ y\r h>ness3 all "r ahead2 s drive  
on once m4  ,b1 oh ,ca/or & ,pollux1    
:i!r--9 :at direction is x1 t ! man is  
driv+ u8 ,positively1 ,s*loss]1 y mu/   
/op & let me get out4 ,i'll g no fur!r )

 su* a drunk5 coa*man4 ,_m ano!r absurd 
?+ ,i 0 go+ to h notic$1 su* z 8 utt]   
p]v]sion ( :at ,m&eville said ab\t      
,addison 7viz41 by suppress+ "o ^w1 &   
misappreh5d+ all ! re/74 ,su*1 aga91 z 8
 po9t-blank mis/atem5t ( ,addison's     
infirmity 9 8 (ficial "*1 :i* 0 n t 'he 
c\ld n prep>e despat*es 9 a good /yle1' 
b diametrically ! opposite case--t he   
insi/$ too mu* on /yle1 to ! s]i\s      
ret>dation ( public bus9ess4 ,b all ^!  
?+s are z no?+ to :at ,s*loss] says     
else:]e4 ,he actually describes         
,addison1 on ! :ole1 z a 'dull prosai/1'
 & ! patron ( p$antry6 ,addison1 ! man (
 all t ev] liv$ mo/ ho/ile ev5 to :at 0 
good 9 p$antry1 to its t5d5cies t[>ds ! 
pr(\nd 9 erudition & ! non- popul>2     
,addison1 ! *ampion ( all t is easy1    
natural1 sup]ficial1 a p$ant & a ma/] ( 
p$antry6 ,get d[n1 ,s*loss]1 ?is mom5t2 
or let me get out4  ,pope1 by f> ! mo/  
important writ]1 ,engli% or ,cont95tal1 
( 8 own age1 is treat$ ) m ext5sive     
ignorance by ,mr4 ,s*loss] ?an any o!r1 

& 7except+ ,addison7 ) m ambiti\s       
inju/ice4 ,a false ab/ract is giv51 or a
 false impression1 ( any "o among/ 8    
brilliant works1 t is notic$ at all2 & a
 false sne]1 a sne] irrelevant to !     
case1 at any "w dismiss$ by "n z unwor?y
 ( notice4 ,! ?ree works1 select$ z !   
gems ( ,pope's collection1 are ! ',essay
 on ,criticism1' ! ',rape ( ! ,lock1' & 
! ',essay on ,man4' ,on ! fir/1 :i* 7)  
,dr4 ,johnson's leave7 is ! feeble/ &   
lea/ int]e/+ ( ,pope's writ+s1 be+      
sub/antially a m]e v]sification1 l a    
metrical multiplication-table1 (        
common-places ! mo/ m\ldy ) :i*         
criticism has bait$ its rat-traps2 s9ce 
no?+ is said wor? answ]+1 x is suffici5t
 to answ] no?+4 ,! ',rape ( ! ,lock' is 
treat$ ) ! same delicate s5sibility t we
 might h look$ = 9 ,br5nus1 if consult$ 
on ! picturesque1 or 9 ,attila ! ,hun1  
if adjur$ to decide ae/hetically1 betwe5
 two rival cameos4 ,attila is said 7?\gh
 no d\bt falsely7 to h describ$ himself 
z n prop]ly a man s mu* z ! ,div9e wra? 

inc>nate4 ,?is w\ld be f9e 9 a          
melodrama1 ) ,b5gal lights burn+ on !   
/age4 ,b1 if ev] he said su* a naughty  
?+1 he =got to tell u :at x 0 t _h made 
him angry2 by :at title did he come into
 alliance ) ! ,div9e wra?1 :i* 0 n      
likely to consult a savage8 ,& :y did 8 
wra? hurry1 by =c$ m>*es1 to !          
,adriatic8 ,n[ s mu* d p diff] 9 op9ion1
 t1 to u1 :o look at him ?r\gh a        
telescope f an em95ce1 f\rte5 c5turies  
di/ant1 he takes ! %ape r ( a ,mahratta 
troop]1 pa9fully ga!r+ *\t1 or a cat]an 
levy+ black-mail1 or a dec5t tax-ga!r] )
 an inkhorn at 8 button-hole1 & support$
 by a select p>ty ( con/abul>y fri5ds4  
,! v natural in/9ct :i* ,attila always  
%[$ = foll[+ ! trail ( ! weal?ie/       
foot/eps1 seems to argue a mo/ comm]cial
 coolness 9 ! disp5sation ( 8 wra?4 ,mr4
 ,s*loss] burns ) ! wra? ( ,attila aga9/
 all ari/ocracies1 & especially t (     
,engl&4 ,he gov]ns 8 fury1 also1 ) an   
,attila discretion 9 _m cases2 b n "h4  
,imag9e ?is ,hun com+ d[n1 sword 9 h&1  

^u ,pope & 8 ,rosicrucian light troops1 
levy+ *\t ^u ,sir ,plume1 & flutt]+ !   
dove-cot ( ! ,sylphs4 ,pope's 'duty x   
01' says ?is demoniac1 to 'sc\rge !     
follies ( good society1' & also 'to     
break ) ! ari/ocracy4' ,no1 surely8     
some?+ %ort ( a total rupture w\ld h    
satisfi$ ! claims ( duty8 ,possibly2 b x
 w\ld n h satisfi$ ,s*loss]4 ,& ,pope's 
guilt consi/s 9 hav+ made 8 poem an idol
 or succession ( pictures repres5t+ !   
gay] aspects ( society z x really 01 &  
support$ by a comic int]e/ ( !          
mock-h]oic d]iv$ f a playful ma*9]y1    
in/ead ( conv]t+ x into a bloody satire4
 ,pope1 h[ev]1 did n %r9k f su* assaults
 on ! ari/ocracy1 if ^! made any "p ( 8 
duties4 ,su* assaults he made twice at  
lea/ too (t5 = 8 own peace1 & p]haps = 8
 cr$it at ?is day4 ,x is useless1 h[ev]1
 to talk ( ! poem z a "w ( art1 ) "o :o 
sees none ( its exquisite graces1 & c   
imag9e 8 c\ntryman ,za*>ia equal to a   
competition ) ,pope4 ,b ?is x may be "r 
to add1 t ! ',rape ( ! ,lock' 0 n borr[$

 f ! ',lutr9' ( ,boileau4 ,t 0          
impossible4 ,nei!r 0 x sugge/$ by !     
',lutr94' ,! /ory 9 ,h]odotus ( ! w>s   
betwe5 cranes & pigmies1 or !           
,batra*omyoma*ia 7s absurdly ascrib$ to 
,hom]7 might h sugge/$ ! idea m         
naturally4 ,bo? ^!1 !re is pro( t ,pope 
_h read3 !re is none t he _h read !     
',lutr91' nor did he read ,fr5* ) ease  
to himself4 ,! ',lutr91' meantime1 is z 
mu* bel[ ! ',rape ( ! ,lock' 9          
brilliancy ( treatm5t1 z x is dissimil> 
9 plan or ! quality ( its pictures4  ,! 
',essay on ,man' is a m ?orny subject4  
,:5 a man f9ds himself attack$ & def5d$ 
f all qu>t]s1 & on all v>ieties (       
pr9ciple1 he is bewild]$4 ,fri5ds are z 
dang]\s z enemies4 ,he mu/ n defy a     
bri/l+ enemy1 if he c>es = repose2 he   
mu/ n dis[n a zeal\s def5d]1 ?\gh mak+  
concessions on 8 own behalf n agreeable 
to himself2 he mu/ n expla9 away ugly   
phrases 9 "o direction1 or p]haps he is 
recant+ ! v words ( 8 'guide1           
philosoph]1 & fri5d1' :o _c safely be   

tax$ ) hav+ fir/ l$ him into temptation2
 he mu/ n expla9 !m away 9 ano!r        
direction1 or he runs full tilt into !  
wra? ( "m ,*ur*--:o w soon br+ him to 8 
s5ses by p5ance4 ,long l5ts1 & no       
lampreys all[$1 w\ld soon caut]ize !    
pr\d fle% ( h]etical e?ics4 ,pope did   
wisely1 situat$ z he 01 9 a decor\s     
nation1 & closely connect$1 ^u pr9ciples
 ( fidelity "u political suff]+1 ) !    
,roman ,ca?olics1 to say little 9 8 own 
def5ce4 ,t def5ce1 & any rev]sion>y     
cudgell+ :i* x might entail ^u !        
,quixote und]tak]1 he left--meekly b    
also slyly1 humbly b cunn+ly--to ^? :om 
he pr(ess$ to reg>d z great] philosoph]s
 ?an himself4 ,all p>ties f\nd _! acc\nt
 9 ! affair4 ,pope slept 9 peace2 sev]al
 pugnaci\s g5tlem5 up & d[n ,europe     
expectorat$ mu* fi]y wra? 9 du/+ ea*    
o!r's jackets2 & ,w>burton1 ! attorney1 
f9ally e>n$ 8 bi%oprick 9 ! s]vice (    
:itewa%+ a writ]1 :o 0 agha/ at f9d+    
himself fir/ trampl$ on z a dei/1 & !n  
exalt$ z a def5d] ( ! fai?4 ,meantime1  

,mr4 ,s*loss] mi/akes ,pope's c\rtesy1  
:5 he supposes 8 ackn[l$gm5ts to ,"l    
,bol+broke s9c]e 9 _! :ole ext5t4  ,(   
,pope's ',hom]' ,s*loss] ?9k fit to say1
 among/ o!r evil ?+s1 :i* x really does 
des]ve 7?\gh h>dly 9 comp>ison ) !      
,g]man ',hom]' ( ! e>-splitt+ ,voss71 't
 ,pope pocket$ ! subscription ( !       
,odyssey1 & left ! "w to be done by 8   
und]/rapp]s4' ,don't tell fibs1         
,s*loss]4 ,nev] d t any m4 ,true x is1 &
 disgraceful en\gh1 t ,pope 7l mod]n    
contractors = a railway or a loan7 let  
(f to sub-contractors sev]al portions ( 
! und]tak+4 ,he 0 p]haps n illib]al 9 ! 
t]ms ( 8 contracts4 ,at lea/ ,i "k ( p  
n[-a-days 7mu* bett] arti/s7 t w\ld     
execute su* contracts1 & ent] into any  
p5alties = keep+ "t at ?irty p] c5t4    
less4 ,b navies & billbrok]s1 t are 9   
excess n[1 !n 7 sc>ce4 ,/ill ! affair1  
?\gh n m]c5>y1 0 illib]al 9 a high] s5se
 ( art2 & no anecdote %[s m po9t$ly     
,pope's s5se ( ! me*anic fa%ion1 9 :i* 8
 own previ\s %>e ( ! ,hom]ic labor _h   

be5 execut$4 ,x 0 disgraceful en\gh1 &  
ne$s no exagg]ation4 ,let x1 !re=e1 be  
report$ truly3 ,pope p]sonally translat$
 "o-half ( ! ',odyssey'--a doz5 books he
 turn$ out ( 8 own ov53 &1 if y add !   
,batra*omyoma*ia1 8 doz5 0 a bak]'s     
doz54 ,! j\rneyman did ! o!r twelve2 7  
regul>ly paid2 regul>ly turn$ (f :5 !   
job 0 out ( h&2 & nev] once _h to '/rike
 = wages4' ,h[ mu* be] 0 all[$1 ,i _c   
say4 ,?is is ! tru? ( ! matt]4 ,s no m  
fibb+1 ,s*loss]1 if y please4  ,b !re   
rema9s beh9d all ^! labors ( ,pope1 !   
',dunciad1' :i* is by f> 8 greate/4 ,i  
%all n1 )9 ! n>r[ b\nds assign$ to me1  
ent] ^u a !me s exact+2 =1 9 ?is        
in/ance1 ,i %\ld h to fight n aga9/     
,s*loss] only1 b aga9/ ,dr4 ,johnson1 :o
 has ?or\ghly misrepres5t$ ! nature ( ! 
',dunciad1' &1 consequ5tly1 c\ld n      
measure its m]its4 ,nei!r he1 nor       
,s*loss]1 9 fact1 ev] read m ?an a few  
passages ( ?is admirable poem4 ,b !     
villany is too great = a brief exposure4
 ,"o ?+ only ,i w notice ( ,s*loss]'s   

misrepres5tations4 ,he ass]ts 7n :5     
directly speak+ ( ,pope1 b aft]w>ds1 "u 
! head ( ,voltaire7 t ! ,fr5* au?or's   
trivial & r&om ,temple de ,g\t '%[s !   
sup]iority 9 ?is species ( poetry to h  
be5 greatly on ! side ( ! ,fr5*man4'    
,let's he> a reason1 ?\gh b a ,s*loss]  
reason1 = ?is op9ion3 "k1 !n1 all m5 :om
 x conc]ns1 t '! ,engli%man's satire    
only hit su* p z w\ld nev] h be5 kn[n   
)\t 8 m5tion ( !m1 :il/ ,voltaire       
select$ ^? :o 7 /ill call$ great1 & _!  
respective s*ools4' ,pope's m51 x seems1
 nev] _h be5 fam\s--,voltaire's might   
cease to be s1 b z yet !y _h n ceas$2 z 
yet !y comm&$ int]e/4 ,n[ m>k h[ ,i w   
put ?ree bullets into t plank1 riddle x 
s t ! leak %all n be /opp$ by all ! old 
hats 9 ,heidelb]g1 & ,s*loss] w h to    
swim = 8 life4 ,fir/1 he is =gett+ t1 by
 8 own previ\s confession1 ,voltaire1 n 
less ?an ,pope1 _h 'immortaliz$ a great 
_m insignificant p]sons2' consequ5tly1  
_h x be5 any fault to d s1 ea* alike 0  
caught 9 t fault2 & insignificant z ! p 

might be1 if !y c\ld be 'immortaliz$1'  
!n we h ,s*loss] himself confess+ to !  
possibility t poetic spl5dor %\ld create
 a second>y int]e/ :]e orig9ally !re _h 
be5 none4 ,secondly1 ! "q ( m]it does n 
arise f ! object ( ! ar*]1 b f ! /yle ( 
8 ar*]y4 ,n ! *oice ( victims1 b !      
execution done is :at c\nts4 ,ev5 =     
cont9u$ failures x w\ld plead           
advantage\sly1 mu* m = cont9u$ &        
brilliant successes1 t ,pope fir$ at an 
object (f]+ no suffici5t bread? ( m>k4  
,?irdly1 x is ! grosse/ ( blund]s to say
 t ,pope's objects ( satire 7 obscure by
 comp>ison ) ,voltaire's4 ,true1 !      
,fr5*man's example ( a s*ol>1 viz41 !   
,fr5* ,salmasius1 0 mo/ accompli%$4 ,b s
 0 ! ,engli%man's s*ol>1 viz41 ! ,engli%
 ,b5tley4 ,ea* 0 absolutely )\t a rival 
9 8 own day4 ,b ! day ( ,b5tley 0 ! v   
day ( ,pope4 ,pope's man _h n ev5 fad$2 
:]eas ! day ( ,salmasius1 z respect$    
,voltaire _h gone by = m ?an half a     
c5tury4 ,z to ,daci]1 ':i* ,daci]1      
,bezonian8' ,! husb& 0 a passable       

s*ol>--b madame 0 a poor sneak+ fell[1  
fit only = ! u%] ( a bo>d+- s*ool4 ,all 
?is1 h[ev]1 argues ,s*loss]'s two-fold  
ignorance--fir/1 ( ,engli% au?ors2      
second1 ( ! ',dunciad2'--else he w\ld h 
kn[n t ev5 ,d5nis1 mad ,john ,d5nis1 0 a
 mu* clev]] man ?an mo/ ( ^? allud$ to  
by ,voltaire4 ,cibb]1 ?\gh slightly a   
coxcomb1 0 born a brilliant man4 ,a>on  
,hill 0 s lu/r\s1 t ev5 ,pope's v5om    
fell (f spontane\sly1 l ra9 f ! plumage 
( a pheasant1 leav+ him to 'm\nt f>     
upw>ds ) ! swans ( ,?anes'--&1 f9ally1  
let x n be =gott51 t ,samuel ,cl>ke     
,burnet1 ( ! ,*>t]h\se1 & ,sir ,isaac   
,newton1 did n :olly escape ta/+ ! kn\t2
 if t r impea*es ! equity1 & sometimes !
 judgm5t ( ,pope1 at lea/ x contributes 
to %[ ! gr\ndlessness ( ,s*loss]'s      
objection--t ! population ( ! ,dunciad1 
! *>act]s t fill$ its /age1 7           
inconsid]able4   ,,fox ,,& ,,burke4  ,x 
is1 or x w\ld be1 if ,mr4 ,s*loss] 7    
himself m int]e/+1 luxuri\s to pursue 8 
ignorance z to facts1 & ! craz9ess ( 8  

judgm5t z to ! valuation ( m9ds1 ?r\gh\t
 8 comp>ison ( ,burke ) ,fox4 ,! =ce (  
anti!sis br+s out into a feeble life (  
mean+1 :at1 9 its own insulation1 _h be5
 langui%+ mortally into nons5se4 ,!     
d>kness ( 8 ',burke' becomes visible    
d>kness "u ! glimm]+ t /eals ^u x f !   
desp]ate commonplaces ( ?is ',fox4' ,fox
 is pa9t$ exactly z he w\ld h be5 pa9t$ 
fifty ye>s ago by any pet subalt]n ( !  
,:ig club1 enjoy+ free pa/ure 9         
,devon%ire ,h\se4 ,! practis$ read] kn[s
 well :at is com+4 ,fox is '=m$ aft] !  
model ( ! anci5ts'--,fox is             
'simple'--,fox is 'natural'--,fox is    
'*a/e'--,fox is '=cible2' :y yes1 9 a   
s5se1 ,fox is ev5 '=cible3' b !n1 to    
feel t he 0 s1 y mu/ h he>d him2 :]eas1 
= =ty ye>s he has be5 sil5t4 ,we (      
#ahdg1 t c only read him1 he>+ ,fox     
describ$ z =cible1 are dispos$ to       
recollect ,%akspe>e's ,mr4 ,feeble      
among/ ,fal/aff's recruits1 :o also is  
describ$ z =cible1 viz41 z ! 'mo/ =cible
 ,feeble4' ,&1 p]haps1 a bett]          

description c\ld n be devis$ = ,fox     
himself--s feeble 0 he 9 matt]1 s =cible
 9 mann]2 s p[]ful = in/ant effect1 s   
impot5t = po/]ity4 ,9 ! ,py?ian fury ( 8
 ge/ures--9 8 scream+ voice--9 8        
directness ( purpose1 ,fox w\ld n[ rem9d
 y ( "s demon /eam-eng9e on a railroad1 
"s ,fire-k+ or ,salmoneus1 t _h         
c\nt]feit$1 because he c\ld n /eal1     
,jove's ?und]bolts2 hiss+1 bubbl+1      
snort+1 fum+2 demoniac gas1 y ?9k--gas f
 ,a*]on mu/ fe$ t dreadful sy/em (      
convulsions4 ,b pump out ! imag9>y gas1 
&1 behold6 x is dit*-wat]4 ,fox1 z ,mr4 
,s*loss] rightly ?9ks1 0 all ( a        
piece--simple 9 8 mann]s1 simple 9 8    
/yle1 simple 9 8 ?\ghts4 ,no wat]s 9 him
 turbid ) new cry/alizations2 ev]y:]e ! 
eye c see to ! bottom4 ,no music 9 him  
d>k ) ,cass&ra mean+s4 ,fox1 inde$1     
di/urb dec5t g5tlem5 by 'allusions to   
all ! sci5ces1 f ! integral calculus &  
metaphysics to navigation6' ,fox w\ld h 
se5 y hang$ fir/4 ,burke1 on ! o!r h&1  
did all t1 & o!r wick$ness besides1 :i* 

fills an #hvo page 9 ,s*loss]2 &        
,s*loss] cr[ns 8 enormities by *>g+ him1
 ! said ,burke 7p4 #ii71 ) 'we>isome    
t$i\sness4' ,among my own acqua9tances  
are sev]al old wom51 :o ?9k on ?is po9t 
precisely z ,s*loss] ?9ks2 & !y g fur!r1
 = !y ev5 *>ge ,burke ) 't$i\s          
we>isom5ess4' ,oh1 sorr[ful woe1 & also 
woeful sorr[1 :5 an ,edmund ,burke      
arises1 l a *eeta or hunt+ leop>d c\pl$ 
9 a tig]-*ase ) a ,g]man poodle4 ,to    
?9k1 9 a m]ciful _s1 ( ! jungle--b>ely  
to contemplate1 9 a temp] ( humanity1 ! 
incompreh5sible cane-?ickets1 d>k &     
bri/ly1 into :i* t bloody *eeta w drag t
 un(f5d+ poodle6  ,b surely ! lea/      
philosophic ( read]s1 :o hates          
philosophy 'z toad or asp1' mu/ yet be  
aw>e1 t1 :]e new gr[?s are n g]m9at+1 x 
is no sort ( praise to be free f ! ?roes
 ( gr[?4 ,:]e expansion is hopeless1 x  
is little glory to h escap$ di/ortion4  
,nor is x any blame t ! ri* f]m5tation (
 grapes %\ld di/urb ! transp>5cy ( _!   
gold5 fluids4 ,fox _h no?+ new to tell  

u1 nor did he hold a position among/ m5 
t requir$ or w\ld ev5 h all[$ him to    
tell any?+ new4 ,he 0 helmsman to a     
p>ty2 :at he _h to d1 ?\gh seem+ to give
 ord]s1 0 simply to repeat _!           
ord]s--',port y\r helm1' said ! p>ty2   
',port x is1' repli$ ! helmsman4--,b    
,burke 0 no /e]sman2 he 0 ! ,orpheus t  
sail$ ) ! ,argonauts2 he 0 _! se]1 see+ 
m 9 8 visions ?an he always und]/ood    
himself2 he 0 _! wat*] ?r\gh ! h\rs (   
night2 he 0 _! a/rological int]pret]4   
,:o compla9s ( a prophet = be+ a little 
d>k] ( spee* ?an a po/-(fice directory8 
or ( him t reads ! />s = be+ sometimes  
p]plex$8  ,b1 ev5 z to facts1 ,s*loss]  
is always blund]+4 ,po/-(fice           
directories w\ld be ( no use to him2 nor
 l9k-boys2 nor blaz+ t>-b>rels4 ,he w&]s
 9 a fog su* z sits ^u ! banks (        
,cocytus4 ,he fancies t ,burke1 9 8     
lifetime1 0 popul>4 ,( c\rse1 x is s    
natural to be popul> by means (         
'we>isome t$i\sness1' t ,s*loss]1 above 
all p1 %\ld cr$it su* a tale4 ,burke has

 be5 dead j fifty ye>s1 come next       
autumn4 ,i rememb] ! "t f ?is accid5t--t
 my own ne>e/ relative /epp$ on a day ( 
,octob]1 #agig1 into t same suite (     
rooms at ,ba? 7,nor? ,p>ade7 f :i*1 six 
h\rs be=e1 ! great man _h be5 c>ri$ out 
to die at ,beaconsfield4 ,x is1 !re=e1 y
 see1 fifty ye>s4 ,n[1 ev] s9ce !n1 8   
collective works h be5 gr[+ 9 bulk by ! 
incorporation ( juv5ile essays 7su* z 8 
',european ,settlem5ts1' 8 ',essay on ! 
,sublime1' on ',"l ,bol+broke1' c47 or  
7z m rec5tly7 by ! po/hum\s publication 
( 8 ,,mss2 #i & yet1 ev] s9ce !n1 9     
spite ( gr[+ age & gr[+ bulk1 are m 9   
dem&4 ,at ?is "t1 half a c5tury aft] 8  
la/ sigh1 ,burke is popul>2 a ?+1 let me
 tell y1 ,s*loss]1 :i* nev] happ5$ be=e 
to a writ] /eep$ to 8 lips 9 p]sonal    
politics4 ,:at a til? ( intellectual    
lava mu/ t man h int]fus$ among/ !      
refuse & scoria ( su* m\ld]+ p>ty       
rubbi%1 to =ce up a new v]dure & laugh+ 
h>ve/s1 annually increas+ = new         
g5]ations6 ,popul> he is n[1 b popul> he

 0 n 9 8 own g5]ation4 ,& h[ c\ld       
,s*loss] h ! face to say t he 08 ,did he
 nev] he> ! notori\s anecdote1 t at "o  
p]iod ,burke obta9$ ! sobriquet (       
'd9n]-bell8' ,& :y8 ,n z "o :o invit$ m5
 to a banquet by 8 gorge\s eloqu5ce1 b z
 "o t gave a signal to %oals 9 ! ,h\se (
 ,commons1 = seek+ refuge 9 a lit]al    
d9n] f ! oppression ( 8 philosophy4 ,?is
 01 p]haps1 9 "p a sc(f ( 8 oppon5ts4   
,yet !re mu/ h be5 "s f\ndation = !     
sc(f1 s9ce1 at an e>li] /age ( ,burke's 
c>e]1 ,goldsmi? _h indep5d5tly said1 t  
?is great orator            --------'w5t
 on ref9+1   ,& ?\ght ( conv9c+1 :il/ !y
 ?\ght ( d9+4'  ,i blame nei!r p>ty4 ,x 
ought n to be expect$ ( any popul> body 
t x %\ld be pati5t ( ab/ractions among/ 
! int5sities ( p>ty-/rife1 & ! imm$iate 
necessities ( vot+4 ,no delib]ative body
 w\ld less h tol]at$ su* philosophic    
exorbitations f public bus9ess ?an !    
agora ( ,a!ns1 or ! ,roman s5ate4 ,s f> 
! error 0 9 ,burke1 n 9 ! ,h\se (       
,commons4 ,yet1 also1 on ! o!r side1 x  

mu/ be rememb]$1 t an intellect (       
,burke's comb9+ p[] & enorm\s compass1  
c\ld n1 f necessity ( nature1 ab/a9 f   
su* speculations4 ,= a man to rea* a    
remote po/]ity1 x is sometimes necess>y 
t he %\ld ?r[ 8 voice ov] to !m 9 a va/ 
ar*--x mu/ sweep a p>abola--:i*1 !re=e1 
rises high above ! heads ( ^? next to   
him1 & is he>d by ! by/&]s b indi/9ctly1
 l bees sw>m+ 9 ! upp] air be=e !y      
settle on ! spot fit = hiv+4  ,see1     
!re=e1 ! immeasurabl5ess (              
misconception4 ,( all public m51 t /&   
confess$ly 9 ! fir/ rank z to spl5dor ( 
intellect1 ,burke 0 ! lea/ popul> at !  
"t :5 our bl9d fri5d ,s*loss] assumes   
him to h run (f ) ! lion's %>e (        
popul>ity4 ,fox1 on ! o!r h&1 z ! lead] 
( opposition1 0 at t "t a h\sehold t]m (
 love or reproa*1 f "o end ( ! isl& to !
 o!r4 ,to ! v *ildr5 play+ 9 ! /reets1  
,pitt & ,fox1 ?r\gh\t ,burke's g5]ation1
 7 pretty ne>ly z broad di/9ctions1 & z 
mu* a w>- cry1 z ,engli% & ,fr5*1 ,roman
 & ,punic4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 all ?is is alt]$4

 ,z reg>ds ! relations betwe5 ! two     
,:igs :om ,s*loss] s /eadfa/ly delighte?
 to misrepres5t1    ',n[ is ! w9t] ( our
 discont5t   ,made glori\s summ]'  = t  
intellectual pot5tate1 ,edmund ,burke1 !
 man ^: true mode ( p[] has nev] yet be5
 truly inve/igat$2 :il/ ,*>les ,fox is  
kn[n only z an e*o is kn[n1 & = any real
 effect ( intellect ^u ?is g5]ation1 =  
any?+ b ! ':i/l+ ( a "n1' ! ,fox (      
#aghj-ahjg sleeps :]e ! c>ols ( ! l>ks  
are sleep+1 t gladd5$ ! spr+-tides ( ^? 
ye>s--sleeps ) ! roses t glorifi$ !     
beauty ( _! summ]s4 #aj   ,,junius      
,s*loss] talks ( ,junius1 :o is to him1 
z to _m p1 m ?an entirely ! enigma ( an 
enigma1 ,h]mes ,trismegi/us1 or !       
m$iaeval ,pre/] ,john4 ,n only are mo/ p
 unable to solve ! enigma1 b !y h no    
idea ( :at x is t !y are to solve4 ,i h 
to in=m ,s*loss] t !re are ?ree sep>ate 
que/ions ab\t ,junius1 ( :i* he has     
evid5tly no di/9ct k1 & _c1 !re=e1 h _m 
*ances to sp>e = settl+ !m4 ,! ?ree     
que/ions are ^!3--,a4 ,:o 0 ,junius8 ,b4

 ,:at 0 x t arm$ ,junius ) a p[] s      
unacc\ntable at ?is day ov] ! public    
m9d8 ,c4 ,:y1 hav+ actually ex]cis$ ?is 
p[]1 & ga9$ "u 8 masque f> m ?an he ev] 
hop$ to ga91 did ?is ,junius n come =w>d
 9 8 own p]son1 :5 all ! legal dang] _h 
long pass$ away1 to claim a di/9ction t 
= him 7among ! va9e/ ( m57 mu/ h be5 m  
preci\s ?an 8 he>t's blood8 ,! two      
que/ions1 ,b & ,c1 ,i h exam9$ 9 pa/    
times1 & ,i w n "h repeat my            
explanations fur!r ?an to say1 ) respect
 to ! la/1 t ! reason = ! au?or n claim+
 8 own prop]ty 0 ?is1 because he d>$ n2 
because x w\ld h be5 infamy = him to av[
 himself z ,junius2 because x w\ld h    
reveal$ a crime & publi%$ a crime 9 8   
own e>li] life1 = :i* _m a man is       
transport$ 9 our days1 & = less ?an :i* 
_m a man has be5 9 pa/ days hang$1 brok5
 on ! :eel1 burn$1 gibbet$1 or impal$4  
,to say t he wat*$ & li/5$ at 8 ma/]'s  
key-holes1 is no?+4 ,x 0 n key-holes    
only t he made free )1 b keys2 he tamp]$
 ) 8 ma/]'s seals2 he committ$ l>c5ies2 

n1 l a brave man1 risk+ 8 life on !     
highway1 b petty l>c5ies--l>c5ies 9 a   
dwell+-h\se--l>c5ies "u ! opportunities 
( a confid5tial situation--crimes :i*   
=m]ly1 9 ! days ( ,junius1 our bloody   
code nev] p>don$ 9 villa9s ( l[ degree4 
,junius 0 9 ! situation ( ,"l ,byron's  
,l>a1 or1 because ,l>a is a plagi>ism1 (
 ,h>riet ,lee's ,kraitzr]4 ,b ?is man1  
because he _h money1 fri5ds1 & tal5ts1  
in/ead ( go+ to prison1 took himself (f 
= a jaunt to ! cont95t4 ,f ! cont95t1 9 
full security & 9 possession ( ! otium  
cum dignitate1 he negotiat$ ) !         
gov]nm5t1 :om he _h al>m$ by publi%+ !  
secrets :i* he _h /ol54 ,he succe$$4 ,he
 sold himself to great advantage4 ,b\ght
 & sold he 02 & ( c\rse x is und]/ood t1
 if y buy a knave1 & expressly 9        
consid]ation ( 8 knav]ies1 y secretly   
und]take n to hang him4 ',honor bright6'
 ,"l ,b>r+ton might c]ta9ly h indict$   
,junius at ! ,old ,bailey1 & _h a reason
 = wi%+ to d s2 b ,george ,,iii41 :o 0 a
 p>ty to ! negotiation1 & all 8 m9i/]s1 

w\ld h said1 ) fits ( laught]--',oh1    
come n[1 my "l1 y mu/ n d t4 ,=1 s9ce we
 h b>ga9$ = a price to s5d him out z a  
memb] ( c\ncil to ,b5gal1 y see cle>ly t
 we c\ld n possibly hang him be=e we _h 
fulfill$ our b>ga94 ,!n x is true we    
might hang him aft] he comes back4 ,b1  
s9ce ! man 7be+ a clev] man7 has a fair 
*ance 9 ! int]im ( ris+ to be           
,gov]nor-,g5]al1 we put x to y\r c&or1  
,"l ,b>r+ton1 :e!r x w\ld be = ! public 
s]vice to hang 8 excell5cy8' ,9 fact1 he
 might probably h be5 ,gov]nor-,g5]al1  
_h 8 bad temp] n ov]ma/]$ him4 ,_h he n 
qu>rell$ s vici\sly ) ,mr4 ,ha/+s1 x is 
t5 to "o t he might1 by play+ 8 c>ds    
well1 h succe$$ him4 ,z x 01 aft] enjoy+
 an enorm\s sal>y1 he return$ to        
,engl&--n ,gov]nor-,g5]al1 c]ta9ly1 b   
/ill 9 no fe> ( be+ hang$4 ,in/ead (    
hang+ him1 on second ?\ghts1 ,gov]nm5t  
gave him a r$ ribbon4 ,he repres5t$ a   
bor\gh 9 ,p>liam5t4 ,he 0 an au?ority ^u
 ,indian affairs4 ,he 0 c>ess$ by ! ,:ig
 p>ty4 ,he sat at good m5's tables4 ,he 

gave = toa/s--,joseph ,surface s5tim5ts 
at d9n] p>ties-- ',! man t betrays'     
some?+ or o!r--'! man t sneaks into' o!r
 m5's portfolios1 p]haps--'is'--ay1 :at 
is he8 ,:y he is1 p]haps1 a ,knight ( ! 
,ba?1 has a sumptu\s mansion 9 ,/4      
,james's ,squ>e1 dies full ( ye>s &     
honor1 has a pomp\s fun]al1 & fe>s only 
"s su* epitaph z ?is--',"h lies1 9 a r$ 
ribbon1 ! man :o built a great prosp]ity
 on ! basis ( a great knav]y4' ,i       
compla9 heavily ( ,mr4 ,taylor1 ! v able
 unmask] ( ,junius1 = bl9k+ ! :ole      
que/ions ,b & ,c4 ,he x is t has settl$ 
! "q ,a1 s t x w nev] be re-op5$ by a   
man ( s5se4 ,a man :o d\bts1 aft] really
 read+ ,mr4 ,taylor's "w1 is n only a   
blockhead1 b an irreclaimable blockhead4
 ,x is true t sev]al m51 among !m ,"l   
,br\gham1 :om ,s*loss] 7?\gh hat+ him1 &
 kick+ him7 cites1 /ill pr(ess          
scepticism4 ,b ! reason is evid5t3 !y h 
n read ! book1 !y h only he>d ( x4 ,!y  
are unacqua9t$ ) ! /ronge/ argum5ts1 &  
ev5 ) ! nature ( ! evid5ce4 #aa ,"l     

,br\gham1 inde$1 is g5]ally reput$ to h 
review$ ,mr4 ,taylor's book4 ,t may be3 
x is probable en\gh3 :at ,i am d5y+ is n
 at all t ,"l ,br\gham review$ ,mr4     
,taylor1 b t ,"l ,br\gham read ,mr4     
,taylor4 ,& !re is n mu* wond] 9 t1 :5  
we see pr(ess$ writ]s on !              
subject--bulky writ]s--writ]s ( ,answ]s 
& ,refutations1 disp5s+ ) ! :ole ( ,mr4 
,taylor's book1 s+le p>agraphs ( :i*    
w\ld h =c$ !m to cancel _! own4 ,!      
possibility ( scepticism1 aft] really   
read+ ,mr4 ,taylor's book1 w\ld be !    
/ronge/ exemplification ^u record (     
,san*o's prov]bial reproa*1 t a man     
'want$ bett] bread ?an 0 made ( :eat--' 
w\ld be ! old case r5ew$ f ! s*ola/ic   
grumbl]s 't "s m5 d n "k :5 !y are      
answ]$4' ,!y h got _! quietus1 & !y /ill
 cont9ue to 'maund]' on ) objections    
long s9ce dispos$ (4 ,9 fact1 x is n too
 /rong a ?+ to say--& ,*ief ,ju/ice     
,dallas did say some?+ l x--t if ,mr4   
,taylor is n "r1 if ,sir ,philip        
,francis is n ,junius1 !n 0 no man ev]  

yet hang$ on suffici5t evid5ce4 ,ev5    
confession is no absolute pro(4 ,ev5    
confess+ to a crime1 ! man may be mad4  
,well1 b at lea/ see+ is believ+3 if !  
c\rt sees a man commit an assault1 w n t
 suffice8 ,n at all3 ocul> delusions on 
! l>ge/ scale are common4 ,:at's a c\rt8
 ,lawy]s h no bett] eyes ?an o!r p4 ,_! 
physics are (t5 out ( repair1 & :ole    
cities h be5 kn[n to see ?+s t c\ld h no
 exi/5ce4 ,n[1 all o!r evid5ce is held  
to be %ort ( ?is blank see+ or blank    
confess+4 ,b ,i am n at all sure ( t4   
,circum/antial evid5ce1 t multiplies    
indef9itely its po9ts ( int]nexus ) kn[n
 admitt$ facts1 is m impressive ?an     
direct te/imony4 ,if y detect a fell[ ) 
a l>ge %eet ( lead t by _m 7to wit      
sev5ty7 sali5t angles1 t by t$i\s 7to   
wit ?irty7 re5trant angles1 fits into & 
owns its si/]ly relation%ip to all t is 
left ( ! lead ^u y\r ro(--?is tight fit 
w weigh m ) a jury ?an ev5 if my "l *ief
 ju/ice %\ld jump into ! witness-box1   
swe>+ t1 ) judicial eyes1 he saw !      

vagabond cutt+ ! lead :il/ he himself   
sat at breakfa/2 or ev5 ?an if !        
vagabond %\ld prote/ be=e ?is honorable 
c\rt t he did cut ! lead1 9 ord] t he 7!
 said vagabond7 might h hot rolls &     
c(fee z well z my "l1 ! witness4 ,if    
,mr4 ,taylor's body ( evid5ce does n    
hold wat]1 !n is !re no evid5ce extant  
^u any "q1 judicial or n judicial1 t w4 
,b ,i blame ,mr4 ,taylor heavily = ?r[+ 
away ! :ole argum5t applicable to ,b &  
,c2 n z any debt t re/$ p>ticul>ly ^u   
him to public ju/ice2 b z a debt to !   
integrity ( 8 own book4 ,t book is n[ a 
fragm5t2 admirable z reg>ds ,a2 b 7by   
omitt+ ,b & ,c7 n sweep+ ! :ole area ( !
 problem4 ,!re yet rema9s1 !re=e1 !     
dissatisfaction :i* is always likely to 
arise-- n f ! smalle/ allegatio falsi1 b
 f ! l>ge suppressio v]i4 ,b1 :i*1 on   
any o!r solution ?an ! "o ,i h propos$1 
is p]fectly un9telligible1 n[ becomes   
pla9 en\gh4 ,to imag9e a heavy1 co>se1  
h>d-work+ gov]nm5t1 s]i\sly affect$ by  
su* a bauble z !y w\ld consid] p]=mances

 on ! tight rope ( /yle1 is m]e midsumm]
 madness4 ',hold y\r absurd tongue1'    
w\ld any ( ! m9i/]s h said to a fri5d   
descant+ on ,junius z a p[]ful arti/ (  
/yle-- 'd y dream1 dot>d1 t ?is baby's  
rattle is ! ?+ t keeps u f sleep+8 ,our 
eyes are fix$ on some?+ else3 t fell[1  
:oev] he is1 kn[s :at he ought n to "k2 
he has _h 8 h& 9 "s ( our pockets3 he's 
a good locksmi?1 is t ,junius2 & be=e he
 rea*es ,tyburn1 :o kn[s :at am\nt (    
mis*ief he may d to self & p>tn]s8' ,!  
rumor t m9i/]s 7 !mselves al>m$ 7:i* 0 !
 nak$ tru?7 travell$ d[nw>ds2 b ! :y did
 n travel2 & ! innum]able blockheads (  
l[] circles1 n und]/&+ ! real cause (   
fe>1 s\ght a false "o 9 ! suppos$       
?und]bolts ( ! rhetoric4 ,op]a-h\se     
?und]bolts !y 73 & /range x is1 t grave 
m5 %\ld fancy newspap]s1 teem+ 7z !y h  
always done7 ) ,publicolas1 ) ,catos1 ) 
,alg]non ,sidneys1 able by su* trivial  
small %ot to ga9 a mom5t's att5tion f ! 
pot5tates ( ,d[n+ ,/reet4 ,^? :o h      
despat*es to write1 c\ncils to att5d1 & 

votes ( ! ,commons to manage1 ?9k little
 ( ,junius ,brutus4 ,a ,junius ,brutus1 
t d>es n sign by 8 own hone/ "n1 is     
presumably skulk+ f 8 cr$itors4 ,a      
,timoleon1 :o h9ts at assass9ation 9 a  
newspap]1 "o may take x = grant$1 is a  
manufactur] ( begg+ lett]s4 ,& x is a   
conceivable case t a tw5ty p\nd note1   
enclos$ to ,timoleon's address1 ?r\gh ! 
newspap] (fice1 might g f> to soo! t    
great patriot's feel+s1 & ev5 to turn   
aside 8 av5g+ dagg]4 ,^! sort ( p 7 n ! 
sort to fright5 a ,briti% ,m9i/ry4 ,"o  
laughs at ! probable conv]sation betwe5 
an old hunt+ squire com+ up to com=t !  
,fir/ ,"l ( ! ,treasury1 on ! rumor t he
 0 panic-/ruck4 ',:at1 surely1 my de>   
old fri5d1 y're n afraid ( ,timoleon8'  
,fir/ ,"l4--',yes1 ,i am4' ,c4          
,g5t4--',:at1 afraid ( an anonym\s fell[
 9 ! pap]s8' ,f4 ,l4--',yes1            
dreadfully4' ,c4 ,g5t4--',:y1 ,i always 
und]/ood t ^! p 7 a sort ( %ams--liv+ 9 
,grub ,/reet--or :]e 0 x t ,pope us$ to 
tell u !y liv$8 ,surely y're n afraid ( 

,timoleon1 because "s p ?9k he's a      
patriot8' ,f4 ,l4--',no1 n at all2 b ,i 
am afraid because "s p ?9k he's a       
h\sebreak]6' ,9 t "* only c\ld ,timoleon
 become =midable to a ,cab9et ,m9i/]2 & 
9 "s su* "* mu/ our fri5d1 ,junius      
,brutus1 h made himself al>m+ to        
,gov]nm5t4 ,f ! mom5t t ,b is prop]ly   
expla9$1 x ?r[s light ^u ,c4 ,!         
,gov]nm5t 0 al>m$--n at su* moon%9e z   
patriotism1 or at a soap-bubble (       
rhetoric--b because trea*]y 0 lurk+     
among/ _! own h\seholds3 &1 if ! ?+ w5t 
on1 ! consequ5ces might be appall+4 ,b  
?is dome/ic trea*]y1 :i* acc\nts = ,b1  
acc\nts at ! same "t = ,c4 ,! v same    
trea*]y t fright5$ its objects at ! "t  
by ! consequ5ces x might bre$1 w\ld     
fright5 its au?or aft]w>ds f claim+ its 
lit]>y honors by ! remembrances x might 
awak54 ,! my/]i\s disclosures ( (ficial 
secrets1 :i* _h once r\s$ s mu*         
con/]nation )9 a limit$ circle1 & 7l !  
,fr5* affair ( ! diamond necklace7 _h   
sunk into neglect only :5 all clue seem$

 lo/ = p]fectly unravell+ its w\ld      
revive 9 all its int]e/ :5 a discov]y   
came be=e ! public1 viz41 a claim on !  
"p ( ,francis to h writt5 ! fam\s       
lett]s1 :i* mu/ at ! same "t po9t a     
/rong light ^u ! true orig9 ( ! trea*]\s
 disclosures4 ,"s a/oni%m5t _h always   
exi/$ z to ,francis--h[ he rose s       
sudd5ly into rank & /ation3 "s a/oni%m5t
 always exi/$ z to ,junius1 h[ he %\ld s
 sudd5ly h fall5 asleep z a writ] 9 !   
j\rnals4 ,! co9cid5ce ( ?is sudd5 &     
unacc\ntable sil5ce ) ! sudd5 &         
unacc\ntable ,indian appo9tm5t (        
,francis2 ! extraord9>y famili>ity (    
,junius1 :i* _h n altoge!r escap$       
notice1 ) ! secrets ( "o p>ticul> (fice1
 viz41 ! ,w> ,(fice2 ! sudd5            
recollection1 sure to fla% ^u all :o    
rememb]$ ,francis1 if aga9 he %\ld      
become reviv$ into suspicion1 t he _h   
held a situation ( tru/ 9 t p>ticul> ,w>
 ,(fice2 all ^! little recollections    
w\ld beg9 to take up _! places 9 a      
connect$ /ory3 ?is & t1 laid toge!r1    

w\ld become cle> z day-light2 & to ! ke5
 eyes ( /ill surviv+ enemies--,horne    
,tooke1 'little ,*ami]1' ,ellis1 !      
,fitzroy1 ,russell1 & ,murray h\ses--!  
:ole progress & cata/rophe ( !          
sc\ndrelism1 ! p]fidy & ! pr(its ( !    
p]fidy1 w\ld soon become z intelligible 
z any tale ( midnight burgl>y f )\t1 9  
conc]t ) a wick$ butl] )91 t 0 ev] sift$
 by judge & jury at ! ,old ,bailey1 or  
critically review$ by ,mr4 ,john ,ket*  
at ,tyburn4  ,francis 0 ! man4 ,francis 
0 ! wick$ butl] )91 :om ,ph>aoh ought to
 h hang$1 b :om he clo!d 9 royal app>el1
 & m\nt$ ^u a horse t c>ri$ him to a    
curule *air ( honor4 ,s f> 8 burgl>y    
prosp]$4 ,b1 z g5]ally happ5s 9 su*     
cases1 ?is prosp]\s crime subsequ5tly   
av5g$ itself4 ,by a j retribution1 !    
success ( ,junius1 9 two s5ses s        
mon/r\sly exagg]at$--exagg]at$ by a     
romantic ov]-e/imate ( its intellectual 
p[] ?r\gh an error ( ! public1 n admitt$
 to ! secret--& equally exagg]at$ z to  
its political p[] by ! gov]nm5t 9 !     

hu%-money = its future suppression1     
became ! heavie/ curse ( ! successful   
crim9al4 ,?is crim9al ?ir/$ = lit]>y    
di/9ction above all o!r di/9ction1 ) a  
*ildi% eag]ness1 z = ! amrecta cup (    
immortality4 ,&1 behold6 !re ! brilliant
 bauble lay1 glitt]+ 9 ! s&s ( a        
solitude1 unclaim$ by any man2 disput$ )
 him 7if he *ose to claim x7 by nobody2 
& yet = 8 life he dur/ n t\* x4 ,he     
/ood--he knew t he /ood--9 ! situation (
 a murd]] :o has dropt an ine/imable    
jewel ^u ! murd]$ body 9 ! dea?-/ruggle 
) 8 victim4 ,! jewel is 86 ,nobody w d5y
 x4 ,he may h x = ask+4 ,b to ask is 8  
dea?-w>rant4 ',oh yes6' w\ld be ! answ]1
 '"h's y\r jewel1 wrapt up safely 9     
tissue pap]4 ,b "h's ano!r lot t goes   
along ) x--no bidd] c take !m ap>t--viz4
 a halt]1 also wrapt up 9 tissue pap]4' 
,francis1 9 relation to ,junius1 0 9 t  
exact pr$icam5t4 ',y are ,junius8 ,y are
 t fam\s man :o has be5 miss+ s9ce      
#aggb8 ,& y c prove x8 ,god bless me6   
sir2 :at a long "t y've be5 sleep+3 e   

body's gone to b$4 ,well1 !n1 y are an  
exce$+ly clev] fell[1 t h _h ! luck to  
be ?\ght t5 times m clev] ?an really y  
74 ,& also1 y are ! greate/ sc\ndrel t  
at ?is h\r re/s 9 ,europe               
unhang$6'--,francis di$1 & made no sign4
 ,peace ( m9d he _h p>t$ ) = a peacock's
 fea!r1 :i* fea!r1 liv+ or dy+1 he dur/ 
n m\nt 9 ! plumage ( 8 cap4             
,,footnotes  #a ,ev5 ,pope1 ) all 8     
natural & reasonable int]e/ 9           
ari/ocratic society1 c\ld n %ut 8 eyes  
to ! fact t a je/ 9 8 m\? became twice a
 je/ 9 a "l's4 ,b /ill he fail$ to      
p]ceive :at ,i am "h cont5d+ =1 t if !  
je/ happ5$ to miss fire1 ?r\gh !        
mis=tune ( bur/+ its b>rel1 !           
consequ5ces w\ld be f> worse = ! "l ?an 
! common]4 ,!re is1 y see1 a bl9d sort (
 comp5sation4  #b ,mr4 ,s*loss]1 :o     
speaks ,engli%1 :o has read r too mu*   
,engli% = any good t he has turn$ x to1 
& :o ought to h a ke5 eye = ! ,engli%   
v]sion ( 8 own book1 aft] s mu* read+ & 
/udy ( x1 has1 h[ev]1 ov]look$ sev]al   

manife/ errors4 ,i d n mean to tax ,mr4 
,davison )1 g5]al inaccuracy4 ,on !     
contr>y1 he seems w>y1 & 9 mo/ cases    
successful z a deal] ) ! peculi>ities ( 
! ,g]man4 ,b sev]al cases ( error ,i    
detect )\t ne$+ ! orig9al3 !y tell _!   
own /ory4 ,& "o ( ^! ,i "h notice1 n    
only = its own importance1 b out ( love 
to ,s*loss]1 & by way ( nail+ 8 gu>antee
 to ! c\nt]--n altoge!r z a bad %ill+1 b
 z a light "o4 ,at p4 #e ( vol4 #b1 9 a 
foot-note1 :i* is speak+ ( ,kant1 we    
read ( 8 attempt to introduce ! notion (
 negative greatness into ,philosophy4   
,negative greatness6 ,:at /range bird   
may t be8 ,is x ! orni?oryn*us p>adoxus8
 ,mr4 ,s*loss] 0 n wide awake !re4 ,!   
ref]5ce is evid5tly to ,kant's essay ^u 
! advantages ( introduc+ into philosophy
 ! algebraic idea ( negative quantities4
 ,x is "o ( ,kant's gr&e/ gleams into   
hidd5 tru?4 ,7 x only = ! m]its ( ?is   
mo/ ma/]ly essay 9 recon/itut+ !        
algebraic mean+ ( a negative quantity s 
g5]ally misund]/ood z a negation (      

quantity1 & :i* ev5 ,sir ,isaac ,newton 
miscon/ru$ z reg>d$ its metaphysics1    
great w\ld h be5 ! s]vice r5d]$ to logic
 by ,kant4 ,b !re is a great]4 ,f ?is   
little bro*ure ,i am satisfi$ 0 d]iv$   
orig9ally ! ,g]man reg5]ation ( !       
,dynamic philosophy1 its expansion ?r\gh
 ! idea ( pol>ity1 indiff]5ce1 c4 ,oh1  
,mr4 ,s*loss]1 y _h n gepruft p4 #e (   
vol4 #b4 ,y skipp$ ! notes4  #c ',little
 nurse3'--! ^w ,glumdalclit*1 9         
,brobd+nagian1 absolutely means little  
nurse1 & no?+ else4 ,x may seem odd t ! 
capta9 %\ld call any nurse ( ,brobd+nag1
 h[ev] k9d to him1 by su* an epi!t z    
little2 & ! read] may fancy t ,%]wood   
=e/ _h put x into 8 head1 :]e ,rob9     
,hood always call$ 8 "r h& man ',little 
,john1' n al?\gh1 b expressly because   
,john /ood sev5 feet high 9 8 /ock+s4 ,b
 ! tru? is--t ,glumdalclit* 0 little2 & 
lit]ally s2 %e 0 only n9e ye>s old1 &   
7says ! capta97 'little ( h] age1' be+  
b>ely =ty feet high4 ,%e _h "t to gr[   
c]ta9ly1 b z %e _h s mu* to d be=e %e   

c\ld ov]take o!r wom51 x is probable t  
%e w\ld turn out :at1 9 ,we/morel&1 !y  
call a1 little /iff5g]--v little1 if at 
all1 high] ?an a common ,engli% *ur*    
/eeple4  #d4 ',activity1'--,x is "s sign
 ( ?is1 z well z ( ! m ?or\ghly ,engli% 
ta/e 9 lit]ature :i* di/+ui%$ ,/eele1 t 
h>dly twice ?r\gh\t ! ',spectator' is   
,%akspe>e quot$ or allud$ to by         
,addison4 ,ev5 ^! quotations he _h f !  
!atre1 or ! brea? ( popul> talk4        
,g5]ally1 if y see a l9e f ,%akspe>e1 x 
is safe to bet l>gely t ! pap] is       
,/eele's2 sometimes1 inde$1 ( casual    
contributors2 b1 almo/ to a c]ta9ty1 n a
 pap] ( ,addison's4 ,ano!r m>k (        
,/eele's sup]iority 9 vigor ( intellect 
is1 t mu* (t5] 9 him ?an 9 o!r          
contributors /rong ?\ghts came =w>d2 h>%
 & disproportion$1 p]haps1 to ! case1 & 
nev] h>moni\sly develop$ ) ! g5ial grace
 ( ,addison1 b orig9al1 & pregnant )    
promise & sugge/ion4  #e ',lett]s (     
,joseph ,m$e1' publi%$ m ?an tw5ty ye>s 
ago by ,sir ,h5ry ,ellis4  #f ,x is an  

idea ( _m p1 & errone\sly sanction$ by  
,wordswor?1 t ,"l ,som]s gave a p[]ful  
lift to ! ',p>adise ,lo/4' ,he 0 a      
subscrib] to ! six? edition1 ! fir/ t _h
 plates2 b ?is 0 "s ye>s be=e !         
,revolution ( #afhh1 & :5 he 0 simply   
,mr4 ,som]s1 a b>ri/]1 ) no effectual   
p[] ( patronage4  #g ',milton1 ,mr4     
,john3'--,dr4 ,johnson express$ 8 wra?1 
9 an amus+ way1 at "s booksell]'s hack  
:o1 :5 employ$ to make an index1        
introduc$ ,milton's "n among ! ,m's1 "u 
! civil title (-- ',milton1 ,mr4 ,john4'
  #h ',l\is ,baboon3'--,z p read no?+ 9 
^! days t is m ?an =ty-eight h\rs old1  
,i am daily admoni%$ t allusions ! mo/  
obvi\s to any?+ 9 ! re> ( our own "t1   
ne$s explanation4 ,l\is ,baboon is      
,swift's je/+ "n = ,l\is ,b\rbon1 i4e41 
,l\is ,,xiv4  #i ',( 8 ,,mss43'--,&1 if 
all t ,i h he>d be true1 mu* has        
somebody to answ] =1 t s little has be5 
yet publi%$4 ,! two executors ( ,burke 7
 ,dr4 ,lawr5ce1 ( ,doctors' ,commons1 a 
well-kn[n ,m4 ,p4 9 =gott5 days1 &      

,w9dham1 a man too l ,burke 9 ela/icity 
( m9d ev] to be spok5 ( 9 connection )  
=gott5 ?+s4 ,:i* ( !m 0 to blame1 ,i "k 
n4 ,b ,mr4 ,r4 ,%>pe1 ,m4 ,p41          
tw5ty-five ye>s ago1 well kn[n z ,riv]  
,%>pe1 f ! ,greek3 ap]antologia ( 8     
conv]sation1 us$ to say1 t "o or bo? ( !
 executors _h (f]$ him 7! riv]7 a huge  
travell+ trunk1 p]haps an ,imp]ial or a 
,salisbury boot 7equal to ! w>drobe ( a 
family71 fill$ ) ,burke's ,,mss41 on !  
simple condition ( edit+ !m ) prop]     
annotations4 ,an ,ox=d man1 & also !    
celebrat$ ,mr4 ,*ri/ian ,curw51 !n memb]
 = ,cumb]l&1 made1 9 my he>+1 ! same    
report4 ,! ,ox=d man1 9 p>ticul>1 be+   
que/ion$ z to ! probable am\nt ( ,,ms41 
depos$1 t he c\ld n speak ^u oa? to !   
cubical cont5ts2 b ?is he c\ld say1 t1  
hav+ /ripp$ up 8 coat sleeve1 he _h     
endeavor$1 by su* poor ma*9]y z nature  
_h all[$ him1 to take ! s\nd+s ( !      
trunk1 b app>5tly !re 7 none2 ) 8 middle
 f+] he c\ld f9d no bottom2 = x 0 /opp$ 
by a d5se /ratum ( ,,ms42 bel[ :i*1 y   

"k1 o!r /rata might lie ad inf9itum4 ,= 
any?+ prov$ to ! contr>y1 ! trunk might 
be bottomless4  #aj ,a man 9 ,fox's     
situation is sure1 :il/ liv+1 to draw   
aft] him tra9s ( sycophants2 & x is !   
evil necessity ( newspap]s ! mo/        
indep5d5t1 t !y mu/ swell ! mob (       
sycophants4 ,! public compels !m to     
exagg]ate ! true proportions ( su* p z  
we see e h\r 9 our own day4 ,^? :o1 = ! 
mom5t1 modify1 or may modify ! national 
condition1 become prepo/]\s idols 9 !   
eyes ( ! gap+ public2 b ) ! sad         
necessity ( be+ too utt]ly trodd5 "u    
foot aft] !y are %elv$1 unless !y live 9
 m5's memory by some?+ bett] ?an spee*es
 9 ,p>liam5t4 ,hav+ ! usual fate1 ,fox 0
 complim5t$1 :il/ liv+1 on 8 k ( ,hom]ic
 ,greek1 :i* 0 a je/3 he knew nei!r m   
nor less ( ,hom]1 ?an1 =tunately1 mo/   
,engli% g5tlem5 ( 8 rank2 q en\gh t is  
to read ! ',iliad' ) unaffect$ pleasure1
 f> too little to revise ! text ( any   
?ree l9es1 )\t mak+ himself ridicul\s4  
,! excessive sl5d]ness ( 8 g5]al        

lit]ature1 ,engli% & ,fr5*1 may be se5 9
 ! lett]s publi%$ by 8 ,secret>y1       
,trott]4 ,b 8 fragm5t ( a ,hi/ory1      
publi%$ by ,"l ,holl&1 at two gu9eas1 & 
curr5tly sold = two %ill+s 7n two p5ce1 
or else ,i h be5 defraud$ ( #as4        
#aj;d471 mo/ ( all proclaims ! t5uity ( 
8 k4 ,he looks ^u ,malcolm ,la+ z a huge
 oracle2 &1 hav+ read ev5 less ?an      
,hume1 a ?+ n v easy1 ) great naivete1  
_c guess :]e ,hume pick$ up 8 facts4    
#aa ,ev5 9 ,dr4 ,francis's ,translation 
( ,select ,spee*es f ,demo/h5es1 :i* ,"l
 ,br\gham naturally us$ a little 9 8 own
 labors on t !me1 !re may be trac$      
sev]al peculi>ities ( diction t />tle u 
9 ,junius4 ,sir ,p4 _h !m f 8 fa!r4 ,&  
,"l ,br\gham ought n to h ov]look$ !m4  
,! same ?+ may be se5 9 ! notes to ,dr4 
,francis's translation ( ,horace4 ,^!   
po9ts1 ?\gh n indep5d5tly ( mu*         
importance1 become f> m s 9 comb9ation )
 o!rs4 ,! reply made to me once by a    
publi%] ( "s em95ce ^u ?is "q1 0 ! be/  
fitt$ to l[] ,mr4 ,taylor's inve/igation

 ) a /rang] to ! long hi/ory ( !        
dispute4 ',i feel1' he said1 '!         
impregnability ( ! case made out by ,mr4
 ,taylor4 ,b ! mis=tune is1 t ,i h se5 s
 _m previ\s impregnable cases made out =
 o!r claimants4' ,ay1 t w\ld be         
un=tunate4 ,b ! mis=tune = ?is rep>tee  
01 t ,i1 = ^: use x 0 int5d$1 n be+ 9 ! 
pr$icam5t ( a /rang] to ! dispute1 hav+ 
se5 e page ( ! plead+s1 knew all 7except
 ,mr4 ,taylor's7 to be false 9 _!       
/atem5ts2 aft] :i* _! argum5ts signifi$ 
no?+4     ,,! ,,antigone ,,(            
,,sophocles1 ,,z ,,repres5t$ ,,on ,,!   
,,ed9burgh ,,/age4   ,e ?+ 9 our days is
 new4 ,roads1 = in/ance1 :i*1 be+ =m]ly 
'( ! e>? e>?y1' & !re=e p]i%able1 are n[
 iron1 & next door to be+ immortal2     
trag$ies1 :i* are s entirely new1 t     
nei!r we nor our fa!rs1 ?r\gh eighte5   
hundr$ & n9ety odd ye>s1 gone by1 s9ce  
,caes> did our little isl& ! honor to   
sit ^u its skirts1 h ev] se5 ! l to ?is 
',antigone2' &1 f9ally1 ev5 m new are   
read]s1 :o1 be+ once an ob$i5t race (   

m51 mo/ humble & def]5tial 9 ! pres5ce (
 a ,greek s*ol>1 are n[ become          
intractably mut9\s2 keep _! hats on :il/
 he is address+ !m2 & li/5 to him or n1 
z he seems to talk s5se or nons5se4 ,"s 
!re are1 h[ev]1 :o look ^u all ^! new   
?+s z be+ int5sely old4 ,yet1 surely !  
railroads are new8 ,no2 n at all4       
,talus1 ! iron man 9 ,sp5s]1 :o         
cont9ually ran r\nd ! isl& ( ,crete1    
adm9i/]+ g5tle w>n+ & correction to     
(f5d]s1 by floor+ !m ) an iron flail1 0 
a v anci5t p]sonage 9 ,greek fable2 & ! 
receiv$ op9ion is1 t he mu/ h be5 a     
,cretan railroad1 call$ ,! ,great       
,circul> ,coa/-,l9e1 t c>ri$ my lords ! 
judges on _! circuits ( jail-deliv]y4 ,!
 ',antigone1' aga91 t we>s ! fre%ness ( 
morn+ dew1 & is s fre% & dewy 9 !       
beautiful p]son ( ,miss ,faucit1 _h     
really begun to look fad$ on ! ,a!nian  
/age1 & ev5 '( a c]ta9 age1' ab\t ! dea?
 ( ,p]icles1 ^: m]idian ye> 0 ! ye> #ddd
 be=e ,*ri/4 ,la/ly1 ^! mod]n read]s1 t 
are s ob/9ately rebelli\s to ! once     

,papal au?ority ( ,greek1 !y--,no2 on   
consid]ation1 !y are new4 ,antiquity    
produc$ _m mon/]s1 b none l !m4  ,! tru?
 is1 t ?is va/ multiplication ( read]s1 
)9 ! la/ tw5ty-five ye>s1 has *ang$ !   
prevail+ "* ( read]s4 ,! m9ority has    
become ! ov]:elm+ majority3 ! quantity  
has di/urb$ ! quality4 ,=m]ly1 out ( e  
five read]s1 at lea/ f\r 71 9 "s degree1
 classical s*ol>s3 or1 if t w\ld be say+
 too mu*1 if two ( ! f\r _h 'small ,lat9
 & less ,greek1' !y 7 g5]ally connect$ )
 ^? :o _h m1 or at ! wor/1 :o _h mu*    
rev]5ce = ,lat91 & m rev]5ce = ,greek4  
,if !y did n all %>e 9 ! s]vices ( !    
temple1 all1 at lea/1 %>$ 9 !           
sup]/ition4 ,b1 n[-a-days1 ! read]s come
 *iefly f a class ( busy p :o c>e v     
little = ance/ral crazes4 ,lat9 !y h    
he>d (1 & "s ( !m "k x z a good sort (  
indu/ri\s language1 t ev51 9 mod]n      
times1 has turn$ out _m useful books1   
a/ronomical1 m$ical1 philosophical1 & 7z
 ,mrs4 ,malaprop obs]ves7 diabolical2 b1
 z to ,greek1 !y ?9k ( x z ( an anci5t  

mummy3 y sp5d an inf9ity ( "t 9 unswa?+ 
x f its old du/y wrapp]s1 &1 :5 y h come
 to ! end1 :at d y f9d = y\r pa9s8 ,a   
woman's face1 or a baby's1 t c]ta9ly is 
n ! bett] = be+ ?ree ?\s& ye>s old2 &   
p]haps a few e>s ( :eat1 /ol5 f         
,ph>aoh's gran>y2 :i* :eat1 :5 s[n #a 9 
,norfolk or ,mid-,lo?ian1 reap$1 ?ra%$1 
gr\nd1 bak$1 & hunt$ ?r\gh all sorts (  
tortures1 yields a breakfa/ roll t 7z a 
,scotti% bak] obs]v$ to me7 is 'n j t   
bad4' ,c]ta9ly n3 n exactly 't bad2' n  
worse ?an ! wor/ ( our own2 b /ill1 mu* 
fitt] = ,ph>aoh's breakfa/-table ?an =  
ours4  ,i1 = my own "p1 /& ^u an i/hmus1
 connect+ me1 at "o t]m9us1 ) ! rebels  
aga9/ ,greek1 &1 at ! o!r1 ) ^? aga9/   
:om !y are 9 rebellion4 ,on ! "o h&1 x  
seems %ock+ to me1 :o am /eep$ to ! lips
 9 antique prejudices1 t ,greek1 9      
unlimit$ quantities1 %\ld n secure a    
limit$ privilege ( talk+ nons5se4 ,is   
all rev]5ce ext9ct = old1 & ivy-mantl$1 
& worm-eat5 ?+s8 ,surely1 if y\r own    
gr&mo!r lectures on morals1 :i* p]haps  

n[ & !n %e does1 %e w comm& t rev]5ce f 
y1 by means ( h] gr&mo!rhood1 :i* by    
means ( h] e?ics %e might n4 ,to be a   
good ,grecian1 is n[ to be a fad$       
pot5tate2 a sort ( phantom ,mogul1 sitt+
 at ,delhi1 ) an ,engli% sepoy be/rid+ 8
 %\ld]s4 ,mat*$ aga9/ ! ma/] ( ologies1 
9 our days1 ! mo/ accompli%$ ( ,grecians
 is becom+ :at ! 'ma/] ( s5t5ces' _h    
become long s9ce1 9 competition ) !     
political economi/4 ,yet1 be assur$1    
read]1 t all ! 'ologies' hi!rto *ri/5$  
oology1 i*?yology1 orni?ology1          
con*ology1 palaeodontology1 c41 d n     
furni% su* m9es ( labor z does ! ,greek 
language :5 ?or\ghly se>*$4 ,!          
',mi?ridates' ( ,adelung1 improv$ by !  
comm5t>ies ( ,vat] & ( subsequ5t au?ors1
 numb]s up ab\t f\r ?\s& languages &    
j>gons on our polyglot e>?2 n includ+ ! 
*uckl+ ( p\ltry1 nor cat]waul+1 nor     
b>k+1 h[l+1 bray+1 l[+1 nor o!r         
respectable & anci5t dialects1 t p]haps 
h _! elegant & _! vulg> v>ieties1 z well
 z pr\d] =ms ( communication4 ,b my     

impression is1 t ! ,greek1 tak5 by      
itself1 ?is "o exquisite language1      
consid]$ z a qu>ry ( intellectual labor1
 has m "w 9 x1 is m truly a piece de    
resi/ance1 ?an all ! rema9+ ?ree ?\s&   
n9e hundr$ & n9ety-n9e1 ) cat]waul+ ?r[n
 into ! b>ga94 ,s f> ,i side ) !        
,grecian1 & ?9k t he ought to be honor$ 
) a little g5uflexion4 ,yet1 on ! o!r   
h&1 ! f9e/ s\nd on ?is e>?1 & :i* rises 
l an or*e/ra above all ! upro>s ( e>?1 &
 ! ,babels ( e>?ly languages1 is        
tru?--absolute tru?2 & ! hatefule/ is   
consci\s falsehood4 ,n[1 !re is         
falsehood1 nay 7:i* seems /range71 ev5  
sycophancy1 9 ! old undi/+ui%+ homage to
 all t is call$ classical4 ,yet :y %\ld 
m5 be sycophants 9 cases :]e !y mu/ be  
dis9t]e/$8 ,sycophancy gr[s out ( fe>1  
or out ( m]c5>y self-int]e/4 ,b :at c   
!re exi/ ( ei!r po9t+ to an old ,greek  
poet8 ,_c a man give 8 free op9ion ^u   
,hom]1 )\t fe>+ to be waylaid by 8 gho/8
 ,b x is n t :i* />tles him f publi%+ ! 
secret demur :i* 8 he>t prompts1 ^u he>+

 false praises ( a ,greek poet1 or      
praises :i*1 if n false1 are            
extravagant4 ,:at he fe>s1 is ! scorn ( 
8 contempor>ies4 ,let once a p>ty h =m$ 
itself consid]able en\gh to protect a   
man f ! *>ge ( presumption 9 ?r[+ (f !  
yoke ( s]vile allegiance to all t is    
call$ classical1--let x be a p>ty ev] s 
small num]ically1 & ! rebels w soon be  
_m4 ,:at a man fe>s is1 to affront !    
:ole /orm ( indignation1 real & affect$1
 9 8 own solit>y p]son4 ',go?6' ',v&al6'
 he he>s f e side4 ,break t /orm by     
divid+ x1 & he w face its ang]4 ',let me
 be a ,go?1' he mutt]s to himself1 'b   
let me n di%onor myself by affect+ an   
en?usiasm :i* my he>t rejects6'  ,ev]   
s9ce ! re/oration ( lett]s !re has be5 a
 cabal1 an academic int]e/1 a facti\s   
league among/ univ]sities1 & le>n$      
bodies1 & individual s*ol>s1 = exalt+ z 
some?+ sup]t]re/rial1 & q unapproa*able 
by mod]ns1 ! monum5ts ( ,greek          
lit]ature4 ,france1 9 ! "t ( ,l\is      
,,xiv41 ,engl&1 9 ! latt] "p ( t "t2 9  

fact1 ea* c\ntry z x grew poli%$ at "s  
co/ ( /r5g?1 c>ri$ ?is craze to a       
dang]\s excess--dang]\s z all ?+s false 
are dang]\s1 & depress+ to ! aspirations
 ( g5ius4 ,boileau1 = in/ance1 &        
,addison1 ?\gh nei!r #b ( !m accompli%$ 
9 s*ol>%ip1 nor ei!r ( !m ext5sively    
read 9 any dep>tm5t ( ! classic         
lit]ature1 speak e :]e ( ! classics z   
hav+ notori\sly1 & by ! g5]al confession
 ( poli%$ nations1 c>ri$ ! functions (  
poetry & eloqu5ce to t sort ( faultless 
beauty :i* probably does really exi/ 9 !
 ,greek sculpture4 ,!re are few ?+s     
p]fect 9 ?is _w ( frailty4 ,ev5 lightn+ 
is sometimes a failure3 ,niag>a has     
horrible faults2 & ,mont ,blanc might be
 improv$ by a c5tury ( *isell+ f        
judici\s arti/s4 ,su* are ! works ( bl9d
 elem5ts1 :i* 7poor ?+s67 _c improve by 
exp]i5ce4 ,z to man :o does1 ! sculpture
 ( ! ,greeks 9 _! m>bles & sometimes 9  
_! gems1 seems ! only act ( 8 workman%ip
 :i* has hit ! bull's eye 9 ! t>get at  
:i* we are all aim+4 ,n s1 ) p]mission f

 ,messrs4 ,boileau & ,addison1 ! ,greek 
lit]ature4 ,! faults 9 ?is are (t5      
conspicu\s2 nor are !y likely to be     
hidd5 = ! com+ c5tury1 z !y h be5 = !   
?ree la/4 ,! idolatry w be %ak53 z      
idols1 "s ( ! classic models are de/9$  
to tott]3 & ,i =esee1 )\t gifts (       
prophecy1 t _m labor]s w soon be 9 ?is  
field--_m idolocla/s1 :o w expose !     
signs ( disease1 :i* zealots _h         
int]pret$ z p[]2 & ( weakness1 :i* is n 
! less real because s*ol>s _h fanci$ x  
heal?1 nor ! less injuri\s to ! total   
effect because x 0 inevitable "u !      
accid5ts ( ! ,grecian position4         
,meantime1 ,i repeat1 t to disp>age any 
?+ :atev]1 or to turn ! eye ^u blemi%es1
 is no "p ( my pres5t purpose4 ,nor c\ld
 x be3 s9ce ! "o sole section ( ! ,greek
 lit]ature1 z to :i* ,i pr(ess myself an
 en?usia/1 happ5s to be ! tragic drama2 
& "h1 only1 ,i myself am liable to be   
*all5g$ z an idolat]4 ,z reg>ds !       
,antigone 9 p>ticul>1 s pr(\ndly d ,i   
feel ! impassion$ beauty ( h] situation 

9 connection ) h] "*1 t long ago1 9 a "w
 ( my own 7yet unpubli%$71 hav+ occasion
 7by way ( ov]ture introduc+ "o ( !     
sections7 to cite be=e ! read]'s eye !  
*ief pomps ( ! ,grecian !atre1 aft]     
invok+ '! magnific5t wit*' ,m$ea1 ,i    
call up ,antigone to ?is %ad[y /age by !
 apo/rophe1 ,holy hea!n1 daught] ( ,god1
 be=e ,god 0 kn[n1 #c fl[] f ,p>adise   
aft] ,p>adise 0 clos$2 t quitt+ all ?+s 
= :i* fle% langui%es1 safety & honor1 a 
palace & a home1 did/ make ?yself a     
h\seless p>iah1 le/ ! poor p>iah k+1 ?y 
outca/ fa!r1 %\ld want a h& to lead him 
9 8 d>kness1 or a voice to :isp] com=t 9
 8 mis]y2 angel1 t bad/ dep>t = ev] !   
glories ( ?y own bridal day1 le/ he t _h
 %>$ ?y nurs]y 9 *ildhood1 %\ld want !  
honors ( a fun]al2 idolatr\s1 yet       
,*ri/ian ,lady1 t 9 ! _s ( m>tyrdom     
trod/ alone ! yawn+ bill[s ( ! grave1   
fly+ f e>?ly hopes1 le/ ev]la/+ despair 
%\ld settle ^u ! grave ( ?y bro!r1' c4  
,9 fact1 ?\gh all ! gr\p+s1 & :at ,i    
w\ld call p]man5t attitudes ( ! ,grecian

 /age1 are maje/ic1 !re is none t1 to my
 m9d1 t[]s into su* affect+ gr&eur1 z   
?is f9al revelation1 ?r\gh ,antigone    
h]self1 & ?r\gh h] own dreadful dea?1 ( 
! trem5d\s wo t de/9y _h susp5d$ ov] h] 
h\se4 ,if !re=e my bus9ess _h be5 *iefly
 ) ! individual drama1 ,i %\ld h f\nd   
little room = any s5tim5t b t ( pr(\nd  
admiration4 ,b my pres5t bus9ess is     
diff]5t3 x conc]ns ! ,greek drama       
g5]ally1 & ! attempt to revive x2 & its 
object is to elucidate1 r ?an to praise 
or to blame4 ,to expla9 ?is bett]1 ,i w 
describe two ?+s3--#a/1 ,! sort (       
audi5ce t ,i suppose myself to be       
address+2 &1 #b;dly1 ,z gr[+ out ( t1 ! 
p>ticul> quality ( ! explanations :i* ,i
 wi% to make4  #a/1 ,z to ! audi5ce3 9  
ord] to excuse ! tone 7:i* occasionally 
,i may be oblig$ to assume7 ( "o speak+ 
z f a /ation ( k1 to o!rs hav+ no k1 ,i 
beg x to be und]/ood1 t ,i take t /ation
 delib]ately1 on no conceit ( sup]iority
 to my read]s1 b z a companion adapt+ my
 s]vices to ! wants ( ^? :o ne$ !m4 ,i  

am n address+ ^? already famili> ) !    
,greek drama1 b ^? :o frankly confess1 &
 7accord+ to _! conjectural appreciation
 ( x7 :o regret _! non-famili>ity ) t   
drama4 ,x is a ?+ well kn[n to publi%]s1
 ?r\gh rem>kable results1 & is n[ %[+   
itself on a scale cont9ually wid5+1 t a 
new lit]>y public has aris51 v diff]5t f
 any :i* exi/$ at ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury4
 ,! ari/ocracy ( ! l& h always be51 9 a 
mod]ate degree1 lit]>y2 less1 h[ev]1 9  
connection ) ! curr5t lit]ature1 ?an )  
lit]ature g5]ally--pa/ z well z pres5t4 
,& ?is is a t5d5cy naturally favor$ &   
/r5g!n$ 9 !m1 by ! f9e collections (    
books1 c>ri$ =w>d ?r\gh successive      
g5]ations1 :i* are s (t5 f\nd z a sort (
 h]$it>y f\ndation 9 ! c\ntry mansions (
 our nobility4 ,b a class ( read]s1     
prodigi\sly m ext5sive1 has =m$ itself  
)9 ! comm]cial ord]s ( our great cities 
& manufactur+ di/ricts4 ,^! ord]s range 
?r\gh a l>ge scale4 ,! highe/ classes   
among/ !m 7 always lit]>y4 ,b ! int]e/ (
 lit]ature has n[ swept d[nw>ds ?r\gh a 

va/ compass ( desc5ts3 & ?is l>ge body1 
?\gh ! busie/ 9 ! nation1 yet1 by hav+  
"u _! undi/urb$ comm& su* leisure "t z  
!y h at all "u _! comm&1 are ev5tually  
able to read m ?an ^? ev5 :o seem to h  
no?+ else b leisure4 ,9 ju/ice1 h[ev]1  
to ! nobility ( our l&1 x %\ld be       
rememb]$1 t _! /ations 9 society1 & _!  
weal?1 _! t]ritorial duties1 & _! v>i\s 
public duties 9 ,london1 z at c\rt1 at  
public meet+s1 9 p>liam5t1 c41 br+ cr[d$
 claims ^u _! "t2 :il/ ev5 sacrifices ( 
"t to ! graceful c\rtesies ( life1 are 9
 ref]5ce to _! /ations1 a sort (        
second>y duties4 ,^! all[ances made1 x  
/ill rema9s true t ! busi] classes are !
 ma9 read+ classes2 :il/ f _! imm5se    
numb]s1 !y are becom+ effectually ! body
 t w m & m impress ^u ! mov+ lit]ature  
its ma9 impulse & direction4 ,"o o!r    
feature ( diff]5ce !re is among/ ?is    
comm]cial class ( read]s3 among/ !      
ari/ocracy all are ?or\ghly educat$1    
except+ ^? :o g at an e>ly age into !   
army2 ( ! comm]cial body1 none receive  

an elaborate1 & :at is meant by a lib]al
 education1 except ^? /&+ by _!         
connections 9 ! ri*e/ classes4 ,?us x   
happ5s t1 among/ ^? :o h n inh]it$ b    
a*iev$ _! /ations1 _m m5 ( f9e & p[]ful 
und]/&+s1 accompli%$ 9 mann]s1 &        
admirably in=m$1 n hav+ _h ! b5efits :5 
"y ( a regul> classical education1 f9d  
7^u any accid5t br++ up su* subjects7 a 
defici5cy :i* !y d n f9d on o!r         
subjects4 ,!y are too honorable to      
und]value advantages1 :i* !y feel to be 
consid]able1 simply because !y 7 d5i$ to
 !mselves4 ,!y regret _! loss4 ,& yet x 
seems h>dly wor? :ile1 on a simple      
prospect ( cont+5cies t may nev] be     
realiz$1 to und]take an entirely new    
c\rse ( /udy = r$ress+ ?is loss4 ,b !y  
w\ld be glad to avail !mselves ( any    
useful in=mation n exact+ /udy4 ,^! are 
! p]sons1 ?is is ! class1 to :i* ,i     
address my rem>ks on ! ',antigone2' &   
out ( _! p>ticul> situation1 sugge/+ ^u 
all elevat$ subjects a correspond+ tone 
( lib]al curiosity1 w arise ! p>ticul>  

nature & direction ( ^! rem>ks4         
,accord+ly1 ,i presume1 secondly1 t ?is 
curiosity w take ! foll[+ c\rse3--^!    
p]sons w naturally wi% to "k1 at />t+1  
:at !re is diff]5tially int]e/+ 9 a     
,grecian trag$y1 z contra/$ ) "o (      
,%akspe>e's or ( ,s*ill]'s3 9 :at       
respect1 & by :at ag5cies1 a ,greek     
trag$y affects u1 or is meant to affect 
u1 o!rwise ?an z !y d2 & h[ f> !        
,antigone ( ,sophocles 0 judici\sly *os5
 z ! p>ticul> m$ium = convey+ to ,briti%
 m9ds a fir/ impression1 & a            
repres5tative impression1 ( ,greek      
trag$y4 ,s f>1 9 relation to ! ends     
propos$1 & ! means select$4 ,f9ally1 ^! 
p]sons w be curi\s to "k ! issue ( su*  
an exp]im5t4 ,let ! purposes & ! means h
 be5 bad or good1 :at 0 ! actual        
success8 ,& n m]ely success1 9 ! s5se ( 
! mom5t>y acceptance by half a doz5     
audi5ces1 :om ! m]e dec5cies ( ju/ice   
mu/ h compell$ to ackn[l$ge ! manag]'s  
tr\ble & exp5se on _! behalf2 b :at 0 ! 
degree ( satisfaction felt by /ud5ts ( !

 ,a!nian #d trag$y1 9 relation to _!    
long-*]i%$ ideal8 ,did ! repres5tation  
succe$ 9 realiz+1 = a mom5t1 ! awful    
pageant ( ! ,a!nian /age8 ,did ,trag$y1 
9 ,milton's immortal expression1        
------come sweep+ by   ,9 sceptr$ pall8 
,or 0 ! :ole1 ?\gh successful 9 relation
 to ! ?+ attempt$1 a failure 9 relation 
to :at ought to h be5 attempt$8 ,su* are
 ! que/ions to be answ]$4         99    
99       99       99       99  ,! fir/  
elem5t>y idea ( a ,greek trag$y1 is to  
be s\ght 9 a s]i\s ,italian op]a4 ,!    
,greek dialogue is repres5t$ by !       
recitative1 & ! tumultu\s lyrical p>ts  
assign$ *iefly1 ?\gh n exclusively1 to !
 *orus on ! ,greek /age1 are repres5t$  
by ! impassion$ airs1 duos1 trios1      
*oruses1 c4 on ! ,italian4 ,& !re1 at ! 
v outset1 occurs a "q :i* lies at !     
?re%old ( a ,f9e ,art1--t is ( any ,f9e 
,art3 = _h ! views ( ,addison ^u !      
,italian op]a _h ! lea/ f\ndation 9     
tru?1 !re c\ld h be5 no room or op5+ =  
any mode ( imitation except su* z       

belongs to a me*anic art4  ,! reason =  
at all connect+ ,addison ) ?is case is1 
t he *iefly 0 ! p]son occupi$ 9 assail+ 
! ,italian op]a2 & ?is ho/ility arose1  
probably1 9 8 want ( s5sibility to good 
7t is1 to ,italian7 music4  ,b :atev]   
might be 8 motive = ! ho/ility1 ! s+le  
argum5t by :i* he support$ x 0 ?is1--t a
 h]o ought n to s+ ^u ! /age1 because no
 h]o kn[n to hi/ory ev] summon$ a       
g>rison 9 a song1 or *ang$ a batt]y 9 a 
semi*orus4 ,9 ?is argum5t lies an       
ignorance ( ! v fir/ pr9ciple conc]n 9 e
 ,f9e ,art4 ,9 all alike1 m or less     
directly1 ! object is to reproduce 9 m9d
 "s great effect1 ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( idem 9
 alio4 ,! idem1 ! same impression1 is to
 be re/or$2 b 9 alio1 9 a diff]5t       
mat]ial1--by means ( "s diff]5t         
in/rum5t4 ,= in/ance1 on ! ,roman /age  
!re 0 an art1 n[ entirely lo/1 ( n>rat+1
 &1 9 "p ( dramatically repres5t+ an    
impassion$ tale1 by means ( danc+1 (    
musical accompanim5t 9 ! or*e/ra1 & (   
elaborate pantomime 9 ! p]=m]4 ,saltavit

 ,hyp]mne/ram1 he danc$ 7t is1 he       
repres5t$ by danc+ & pantomime ! /ory (7
 ,hyp]mne/ra4 ,n[1 suppose a man to     
object1 t "y ladies1 :5 sav+ _! y\?ful  
husb&s at midnight f assass9ation1 c\ld 
n be capable ( waltz+ or quadrill+1 h[  
wide is ?is ( ! :ole problem6 ,?is is   
/ill seek+ = ! me*anic imitation1 "s    
imitation f\nd$ 9 ! v fact2 :]eas !     
object is to seek ! imitation 9 !       
sam5ess ( ! impression drawn f a        
diff]5t1 or ev5 f an impossible fact4   
,if a man1 tak+ a h9t f ! ,roman        
',saltatio' 7saltavit ,&roma*571 %\ld   
say t he w\ld ':i/le ,wat]loo1' t is1 by
 :i/l+ connect$ ) pantomime1 w\ld       
express ! passion & ! *anges ( ,wat]loo1
 x w\ld be mon/r\s to refuse him 8      
po/ulate on ! pret5ce t 'p did n :i/le  
at ,wat]loo4' ,precisely s3 nei!r are   
mo/ p made ( m>ble1 b ( a mat]ial z     
diff]5t z c well be imag9$1 viz4 (      
ela/ic fle%1 ) w>m blood c\rs+ along its
 tubes2 & yet1 = all t1 a sculptor w    
draw te>s f y1 by exhibit+1 9 pure      

/atu>y m>ble1 on a sepul*ral monum5t1   
two "y *ildr5 ) _! little heads on a    
pill[1 sleep+ 9 ea* o!r's arms2 :]eas1  
if he _h pres5t$ !m 9 wax-"w1 :i* yet is
 f> m l to fle%1 y w\ld h felt little m 
pa?os 9 ! sc5e ?an if !y _h be5 %[n bak$
 9 gilt g+]bread4 ,he has express$ !    
idem1 ! id5tical ?+ express$ 9 ! real   
*ildr52 ! sleep t masks dea?1 ! re/1 !  
peace1 ! purity1 ! innoc5ce2 b 9 alio1 9
 a sub/ance ! mo/ diff]5t2 rigid1       
non-ela/ic1 & z unlike to fle%1 if tri$ 
by t\*1 or eye1 or by exp]i5ce ( life1 z
 c well be imag9$4 ,s ( ! :i/l+4 ,x is !
 v wor/ objection 9 ! _w to say1 t !    
/rife ( ,wat]loo did n reveal itself    
?r\gh :i/l+3 und\bt$ly x did n2 b t is !
 v gr\nd ( ! man's art4 ,he w reproduce 
! fury & ! movem5t z to ! only po9t :i* 
conc]ns y1 viz4 ! effect1 ^u y\r own    
sympa?ies1 ?r\gh a language t seems )\t 
any relation to x3 he w set be=e y :at 0
 at ,wat]loo ?r\gh t :i* 0 n at         
,wat]loo4 ,:]eas any direct factual     
imitation1 re/+ ^u pa9t$ figures dre/ up

 9 regim5tals1 & work$ by wat*work ?r\gh
 ! :ole movem5ts ( ! battle1 w\ld h be5 
no art :atsoev] 9 ! s5se ( a ,f9e ,art1 
b a base me*anic mimicry4  ,?is pr9ciple
 ( ! idem 9 alio1 s widely diffus$ ?r\gh
 all ! high] revelations ( art1 x is    
peculi>ly requisite to be> 9 m9d :5     
look+ at ,grecian trag$y1 because no =m 
( human composition employs x 9 s mu*   
complexity4 ,h[ conf\nd+ x w\ld h be5 to
 ,addison1 if somebody _h told him1 t1  
sub/antially1 he _h himself committ$ !  
(f5ce 7z he fanci$ x7 :i* he *>g$ s     
bitt]ly ^u ! ,italian op]a2 & t1 if !   
op]a _h gone f>!r ^u t road ?an himself1
 ! ,greek trag$y1 :i* he presum$ to be s
 prodigi\sly exalt$ beyond mod]n        
approa*es1 _h gone f>!r ev5 ?an ! op]a4 
,addison himself1 :5 writ+ a trag$y1    
made ?is violation 7z he w\ld h said7 ( 
nature1 made ?is concession 7z ,i %\ld  
say7 to a high] nature1 t he compell$ 8 
*>act]s to talk 9 metre4 ,x is true ?is 
metre 0 ! common iambic1 :i* 7z         
,ari/otle rem>ks7 is ! mo/ natural &    

spontane\s ( all metres2 &1 = a         
suffici5t reason1 9 all languages4      
,c]ta9ly2 b ,ari/otle nev] meant to say 
t x 0 natural = a g5tleman 9 a passion  
to talk ?reescore & t5 iambics          
consecutively3 a *ance l9e might escape 
him once & away2 z we "k t ,tacitus op5$
 "o ( 8 works by a regul> dactylic      
hexamet] 9 full curl1 )\t ev] discov]+ x
 to 8 dy+ day 7a fact :i* is cle> f 8   
nev] hav+ correct$ x72 & ?is be+ a v    
artificial metre1 a =tiori ,tacitus     
might h slipp$ into a simple iambic4 ,b 
t 0 an accid5t1 :il/ ,addison _h        
delib]ately & uni=mly made 8 *>act]s    
talk 9 v]se4 ,accord+ to ! common &     
false mean+ :i* 0 8 own mean+ ( ! ^w    
nature1 he _h z und5iably violat$ !     
pr9ciple ( ! natural1 by ?is metrical   
dialogue1 z ! ,italian op]a by musical  
dialogue4 ,if x is h>d & try+ = m5 to s+
 _! emotions1 n less s x mu/ be to      
deliv] !m 9 v]se4  ,b1 if ?is 7 %ock+1  
h[ mu* m %ock+ w\ld x h seem$ to        
,addison1 _h he be5 introduc$ to p>ts   

:i* really exi/ 9 ! ,grecian drama8 ,ev5
 ,sophocles1 :o1 ( ! ?ree tragic poets  
surviv+ f ! wrecks ( ! ,a!nian /age1 is 
reput$ ! supreme arti/ #e if n ! mo/    
impassion$ poet1 ) :at horror he w\ld h 
ov]:elm$ ,addison1 :5 read by ! light ( 
^? pr9ciples :i* he _h himself s        
scornfully appli$ to ! op]a6 ,9 ! v     
monsoon ( 8 rav+ mis]y1 f calamities z  
sudd5 z !y 7 irr$eemable1 a k+ is       
introduc$1 n only conv]s+1 b conv]s+ 9  
metre2 n only 9 metre1 b 9 ! mo/        
elaborate ( *oral metres2 n only "u !   
torture ( ^! lyric difficulties1 b also 
*ant+2 n only *ant+1 b also 9 all       
probability danc+4 ,:at d y ?9k ( t1    
,mr4 ,addison8  ,!re is1 9 fact1 a scale
 ( graduat$ asc5ts 9 ^! artifices =     
unrealiz+ ! effects ( dramatic          
situations3  #a4 ,we may see1 ev5 9     
novels & prose com$ies1 a ke5 att5tion  
paid to ! inspirit+ & dress+ ( !        
dialogue3 x is meant to be life- l1 b   
/ill x is a little rais$1 po9t$1 color$1
 & idealiz$4  #b4 ,9 com$y ( a high] & m

 poetic ca/1 we f9d ! dialogue metrical4
  #c4 ,9 com$y or 9 trag$y alike1 :i* is
 meant to be /ill fur!r remov$ f ord9>y 
life1 we f9d ! dialogue fett]$ n only by
 metre1 b by rhyme4 ,we ne$ n g to      
,dryd51 & o!rs1 ( our own middle /age1  
or to ! ,fr5* /age = ?is3 ev5 9         
,%akspe>e1 z = example1 9 p>ts ( ,romeo 
& ,juliet 7& = no caprici\s purpose71 we
 may see effects s\ght f ! use ( rhyme4 
,!re is ano!r illu/ration ( ! idealiz+  
effect to be obta9$ f a p>ticul>        
treatm5t ( ! dialogue1 se5 9 ! ,hamlet (
 ,%akspe>e4 ,9 t drama !re arises a     
necessity = exhibit+ a play )9 a play4  
,?is int]ior drama is to be fur!r remov$
 f ! spectator ?an ! pr9cipal drama2 x  
is a deep bel[ a deep2 &1 to produce t  
effect1 ! poet relies *iefly ^u ! /iff5+
 ! dialogue1 & remov+ x /ill f>!r1 ?an !
 g5]al dialogue ( ! includ+ or outside  
drama1 f ! /&>d ( ord9>y life4  #d4 ,we 
f9d1 sup]add$ to ^! artifices = idealiz+
 ! situations1 ev5 music ( an int]mitt+ 
"*1 sometimes less1 sometimes m         

impassion$--recitatives1 airs1 *oruses4 
,"h we h rea*$ ! ,italian op]a4  #e4 ,&1
 f9ally1 besides all ^! res\rces ( art1 
we f9d danc+ introduc$2 b danc+ ( a     
solemn1 my/ical1 & symbolic "*4 ,"h1 at 
la/1 we h rea*$ ! ,greek trag$y4        
,probably ! be/ exemplification ( a     
,grecian trag$y t ev] w be giv5 to a    
mod]n read] is f\nd 9 ! ,samson         
,agoni/es ( ,milton4 ,n[1 9 ! *oral or  
lyric p>ts ( ?is f9e drama1 ,samson n   
only talks1 #a/1 metrically 7 z he does 
e :]e1 & 9 ! mo/ level p>ts ( ! sc5ic   
bus9ess71 b1 #b;d1 9 v intricate metres1
 &1 #c;d1 occasionally 9 rhym$ metres   
7?\gh ! rhymes are too sp>+ly & too     
caprici\sly scatt]$ by ,milton71 &1 #d?1
 s++ or *ant+ ^! metres 7=1 z ! *orus   
sang1 x 0 impossible t he c\ld be all[$ 
to talk 9 8 ord9>y voice1 else he w\ld h
 put !m out1 & ru9$ ! music74 ,f9ally1  
#e?1 ,i am satisfi$ t ,milton meant him 
to dance4 ,! (fice ( ! *orus 0          
imp]fectly def9$ ^u ! ,greek /age4 ,!y  
are g5]ally und]/ood to be ! moraliz]s (

 ! sc5e4 ,b ?is is liable to exceptions4
 ,"s ( !m h be5 kn[n to d v bad ?+s on !
 /age1 & to come )9 a trifle ( felony3 z
 to misprision ( felony1 if !re is su* a
 crime1 a ,greek *orus ?9ks no?+ ( x4 ,b
 t is no bus9ess ( m9e4 ,:at ,i 0 go+ to
 say is1 t1 z ! *orus sometimes         
int]m+les too mu* 9 ! action1 s ! actors
 sometimes int]m+le 9 ! bus9ess ( !     
*orus4 ,n[1 :5 y are at ,rome1 y mu/ d z
 !y d at ,rome4 ,& t ! actor1 :o mix$ ) 
! *orus1 0 compell$ to s+1 is a cle>    
case2 = 8 "p 9 ! *oral ode is always 9 !
 nature ( an e*o1 or answ]1 or l an     
antiphony 9 ca!dral s]vices4 ,b no?+    
c\ld be m absurd ?an t "o ( ^!          
antiphonies %\ld be sung1 & ano!r said4 
,t he 0 also compell$ to dance1 ,i am   
satisfi$4 ,! *orus only sometimes       
moraliz$1 b x always danc$3 & any actor1
 m+l+ ) ! *orus1 mu/ dance also4 ,a     
little incid5t occurs to my remembrance1
 f ! ,mosc[ exp$ition ( #ahab1 :i* may  
"h be us$ z an illu/ration3 ,"o day ,k+ 
,murat1 fl\ri%+ 8 plumage z usual1 made 

a ge/ure ( invitation to "s squadrons ( 
cavalry t !y %\ld *>ge ! enemy3 ^u :i* !
 cavalry advanc$1 b malici\sly contriv$ 
to envelope ! k+ ( d&ies1 be=e he _h "t 
to execute 8 ord9>y manoeuvre ( rid+ (f 
to ! left & becom+ a spectator ( _!     
pr[ess4 ,! cavalry resolv$ t 8 maje/y   
%\ld = once ride d[n at _! head to !    
melee1 & ta/e :at fight+ 0 l2 & he1 f9d+
 t ! ?+ mu/ be1 ?\gh horribly vex$1 made
 a m]it ( 8 necessity1 & aft]w>ds       
pret5d$ t he lik$ x v mu*4 ,sometimes1 9
 ! d>kness1 9 default ( o!r misan?ropic 
visions1 ! wick$ness ( ?is cavalry1 _!  
me*ancete1 causes me to laugh           
immod]ately4 ,n[ ,i conceive t any      
int]lop] into ! ,greek *orus mu/ h danc$
 :5 !y danc$1 or he w\ld h be5 swept    
away by _! impetus3 nol5s vol5s1 he mu/ 
h rode along ) ! or*e/ral *>ge1 he mu/ h
 rode on ! cre/ ( ! *oral bill[s1 or he 
w\ld h be5 rode d[n by _! impassion$    
sweep4 ,samson1 & ,o$ipus1 & o!rs1 mu/ h
 danc$1 if !y sang2 & !y c]ta9ly did s+1
 by notori\sly int]m+l+ 9 ! *oral       

bus9ess4#f  ',b n[1' says ! pla9 ,engli%
 read]1 ':at 0 ! object ( all ^!        
elaborate devices8 ,& h[ came x t !     
,engli% trag$y1 :i* surely is z good z !
 ,greek1' 7& at ?is po9t a devil (      
defiance :isp]s to him1 l ! qu>relsome  
s]vant ( ! ,capulets or ! ,montagus1    
'say bett]1'7 't ! ,engli% trag$y       
cont5t$ itself ) few] ( ^! artful       
res\rces ?an ! ,a!nian8' ,i reply1 t !  
object ( all ^! ?+s 0--to unrealize !   
sc5e4 ,! ,engli% drama1 by its metrical 
dress1 & by o!r arts m disguis$1        
unrealiz$ itself1 lib]at$ itself f !    
oppression ( life 9 its ord9>y /&>ds1 up
 to a c]ta9 height4 ,:y x did n rise    
/ill high]1 & :y ! ,grecian did1 ,i w   
endeavor to expla94 ,x 0 n t ! ,engli%  
trag$y 0 less impassion$2 on ! contr>y1 
x 0 f> m s2 ! ,greek be+ awful r ?an    
impassion$2 b ! passion ( ea* is 9 a    
diff]5t key4 ,x is n aga9 t ! ,greek    
drama s\ght a l[] object ?an ! ,engli%3 
x s\ght a diff]5t object4 ,x is n       
imp>ity1 b disp>ity1 t divides ! two    

magnific5t !atres4  ,suff] me1 read]1 at
 ?is po9t1 to borr[ f my-self1 & d n    
betray me to ! au?orities t rule 9 ?is  
j\rnal1 if y happ5 to "k :i* is n likely
 t ,i am tak+ an idea f a pap] :i* ye>s 
ago ,i wrote = an em95t lit]>y j\rnal4  
,z ,i h no copy ( t pap] be=e me1 x is  
impossible t ,i %\ld save myself any    
labor ( writ+4 ,! words at any rate ,i  
mu/ inv5t afre%3 &1 z to ! idea1 y nev] 
c be su* a *urli% man z1 by insi/+ on a 
new "o1 9 effect to insi/ ^u my writ+ a 
false "o4 ,9 ! foll[+ p>agraph1 !re=e1  
,i give ! sub/ance ( a ?\ght sugge/$ by 
myself "s ye>s ago4  ,t k9d ( feel+1 :i*
 broods ov] ! ,grecian trag$y1 & to c\rt
 :i* feel+ ! tragic poets ( ,greece     
naturally spread all _! canvas1 0 m     
ne>ly alli$ to ! atmosph]e ( dea? ?an t 
( life4 ,?is expresses rudely ! "* ( awe
 & religi\s horror inve/+ ! ,greek      
!atre4 ,b to my own feel+ ! diff]5t     
pr9ciple ( passion :i* gov]ns ! ,grecian
 conception ( trag$y1 z comp>$ ) !      
,engli%1 is be/ convey$ by say+ t !     

,grecian is a brea?+ f ! _w ( sculpture1
 ! ,engli% a brea?+ f ! _w ( pa9t+4 ,:at
 we read 9 sculpture is n absolutely    
dea?1 b /ill less is x ! fulness ( life4
 ,we read !re ! ab/raction ( a life t   
reposes1 ! sublimity ( a life t aspires1
 ! solemnity ( a life t is ?r[n to an   
inf9ite di/ance4 ,?is la/ is ! feature (
 sculpture :i* seems mo/ *>act]i/ic3 !  
=m :i* presides 9 ! mo/ comm&+ gr\ps1   
'is n dead b sleepe?3' true1 b x is !   
sleep ( a life seque/rat$1 solemn1      
lib]at$ f ! bonds ( space & "t1 & 7z to 
bo? alike7 ?r[n  7,i repeat ! words7 to 
a di/ance :i* is inf9ite4 ,x affects u  
pr(\ndly1 b n by agitation4 ,n[1 on !   
o!r h&1 ! brea?+ life--life k9dl+1      
trembl+1 palpitat+--t life :i* speaks to
 u 9 pa9t+1 ?is is also ! life t speaks 
to u 9 ,engli% trag$y4 ,into an ,engli% 
trag$y ev5 fe/ivals ( joy may ent]2     
m>riages1 & baptisms1 or commemorations 
( national trophies3 :i*1 or any ?+ l   
:i*1 is incompatible ) ! v be+ ( !      
,greek4 ,9 t trag$y :at uni=mity (      

gloom2 9 ! ,engli% :at light alt]nat+ ) 
dep?s ( d>kness6 ,! ,greek1 h[ m\rnful2 
! ,engli%1 h[ tumultu\s6 ,ev5 !         
cata/rophes h[ diff]5t6 ,9 ! ,greek we  
see a brea?less wait+ = a doom t _c be  
evad$2 a wait+1 z x 71 = ! la/ %ock ( an
 e>?quake1 or ! inexorable ris+ ( a     
deluge3 9 ! ,engli% x is l a midnight ( 
%ipwreck1 f :i* up to ! la/ & till !    
f9al ru9 comes1 !re /ill survives ! sort
 ( hope t cl+s to human en]gies4        
,connect$ ) ?is orig9al awfulness ( !   
,greek trag$y1 & possibly 9 "p its      
cause1 or at lea/ l5d+ /r5g? to its     
cause1 we may next rem>k ! gr& dim5sions
 ( ! anci5t !atres4 ,e citiz5 _h a "r to
 accommodation4 ,!re at once 0 a pl$ge (
 gr&eur4 ,out ( ?is orig9al /&>d grew ! 
magnific5ce ( _m a future amphi!atre1   
circus1 hippodrome4 ,_h ! orig9al !atre 
be5 m]ely a speculation ( private       
int]e/1 !n1 exactly z dem& arose1 a     
correspond+ supply w\ld h provid$ = x   
?r\gh its ord9>y vulg> *annels2 & ?is   
supply w\ld h tak5 place ?r\gh rival    

!atres4 ,b ! cru%+ exaction ( 'room = e 
citiz51' put an end to t process (      
subdivision4 ,drury ,lane1 z ,i read 7or
 ?9k t ,i read7 ?irty ye>s ago1 all[$   
sitt+ room = ?ree ?\s& eight hundr$ p4  
,multiply t by t52 imag9e ?irty-eight   
?\s& in/ead ( ?irty-eight hundr$1 & !n y
 h an idea ( ! ,a!nian !atre4 #g  ,next1
 out ( t gr&eur 9 ! ar*itectural        
proportions arose1 z by necessity1 o!r  
gr&eurs4 ,y are aw>e ( ! co?urnus1 or   
busk91 :i* rais$ ! actor's heel by two &
 a half in*es2 & y ?9k t ?is mu/ h caus$
 a de=mity 9 ! g5]al figure z           
incomm5surate to ?is height4 ,n at all4 
,! fl[+ dress ( ,greece heal$ all t4    
,b1 besides ! co?urnus1 y h he>d ( !    
mask4 ,s f> z x 0 fitt$ to swell !      
intonations ( ! voice1 y are ( op9ion t 
?is mask w\ld be a happy contrivance2 = 
:at1 y say1 c\ld a common human voice   
avail aga9/ ! va/ radiation f ! actor's 
c5tre ( m ?an ?ree myriads8 ,if1 inde$  
7l ! ,hom]ic ,/5tor71 an actor spoke 9  
po9t ( l\dness1 7,greek ,text71 z mu* z 

o!r fifty1 !n he might become audible to
 ! assembl$ ,a!nians )\t aid4 ,b ?is be+
 impossible1 art mu/ be invok$2 & well  
if ! mask1 toge!r ) contrivances ( ano!r
 class1 c\ld correct x4 ,yet if x c\ld1 
/ill y ?9k t ?is mask w\ld br+ along ) x
 an ov]balanc+ evil4 ,= ! expression1 ! 
fluctuat+ expression1 ( ! features1 !   
play ( ! muscles1 ! music ( ! eye & ( ! 
lips1--aids to act+ t1 9 our times1 h   
giv5 immortality to scores1 :i!r w\ld ^?
 h vani%$8 ,read]1 x mortifies me t all 
:i* ,i said to y ^u ! peculi> & sep>ate 
gr&eur inve/+ ! ,greek !atre is =gott54 
,=1 y mu/ consid]1 t :]e a !atre is     
built = receiv+ upw>ds ( ?irty ?\s&     
spectators1 ! curve describ$ by :at 9   
mod]n times y w\ld call ! ti]s ( boxes1 
mu/ be s va/ z to make ! ord9>y scale ( 
human features almo/ ridicul\s by       
disproportion4 ,seat y\rself at ?is day 
9 ! amphi!atre at ,v]ona1 & judge =     
y\rself4 ,9 an amphi!atre1 ! /age1 or   
prop]ly ! ar5a1 occupy+1 9 fact1 ! place
 ( our mod]n pit1 0 mu* ne>] ?an 9 a    

sc5ic !atre to ! surr\nd+ spectators4   
,all[ = ?is1 & plac+ "s adult 9 a /ation
 express+ ! di/ance ( ! ,a!nian /age1 !n
 judge by 8 appe>ance if ! delicate     
p5cill+ ( ,grecian features c\ld h told 
at ! ,grecian di/ance4 ,b ev5 if x c\ld1
 !n ,i say t ?is circum/antiality w\ld h
 be5 ho/ile to ! g5]al t5d5cies 7z      
already indicat$7 ( ! ,grecian drama4 ,!
 sweep+ movem5t ( ! ,attic trag$y ought 
n to admit ( int]ruption f di/9ct human 
features2 ! expression ( an eye1 !      
lovel9ess ( a smile1 ought to be lo/    
among/ effects s colossal4 ,! mask      
aggr&iz$ ! features3 ev5 s f> x act$    
favorably4 ,!n figure to y\rself ?is    
mask pres5t+ an idealiz$ face ( ! noble/
 ,grecian outl9e1 m\ld$ by "s skilful   
arti/ ,phidiaca manu1 s z to h ! effect 
( a m>ble bu/2 ?is accord$ ) ! aspir+   
co?urnus2 & ! motionless "* impress$ ^u 
! features1 ! m>ble tranquillity1 w\ld  
7,i cont5d7 suit ! solemn processional  
"* ( ,a!nian trag$y1 f> bett] ?an ! mo/ 
expressive & flexible c\nt5ance on its  

natural scale4 ',yes1' y say1 on        
consid]+ ! "* ( ! ,greek drama1 'g5]ally
 x might2 9 =ty-n9e cases suppose out ( 
fifty3 b :at %all be done 9 ! fiftie?1  
:]e "s dreadful discov]y or anagnorisis 
7i4e4 recognition ( id5tity7 takes place
 )9 ! compass ( a s+le l9e or two2 z1 = 
in/ance1 9 ! ,o$ipus ,tyrannus1 at !    
mom5t :5 ,o$ipus by a f9al "q ( 8 own1  
extorts 8 fir/ fatal discov]y1 viz4 t he
 _h be5 himself unconsci\sly ! murd]] ( 
,laius8' ,true1 he has no reason z yet  
to suspect t ,laius 0 8 own fa!r2 :i*   
discov]y1 :5 made fur!r on1 w draw ) x  
ano!r /ill m dreadful1 viz4 t by ?is    
p>ricide he _h op5$ 8 road to a ?rone1 &
 to a m>riage ) 8 fa!r's wid[1 :o 0 also
 8 own natural "m4 ,he does n yet "k !  
wor/3 & to h kill$ an arrogant pr9ce1   
w\ld n 9 ^? days h seem$ a v deep (f5ce3
 b !n he believes t ! pe/il5ce _h be5   
s5t z a secret v5geance = ?is           
assass9ation1 :i* is ?us inve/$ ) a     
my/]i\s "* ( horror4 ,j at ?is po9t1    
,joca/a1 8 "m & 8 wife1 says1 #h on     

witness+ ! sudd5 revulsion ( feel+ 9 8  
face1 ',i %udd]1 oh k+1 :5 look+ on ?y  
c\nt5ance4' ,n[1 9 :at way c\ld ?is     
pass+ spasm ( horror be reconcil$ ) !   
un*ang+ expression 9 ! m>ble-look+ mask8
 ,?is1 & simil> cases to ?is1 mu/ surely
 be felt to argue a defect 9 ! sc5ic    
app>atus4 ,b ,i say1 no3 fir/1 ,because 
! g5]al indi/9ctiv5ess f di/ance is a   
b5efit t applies equally to ! fugitive  
*anges ( ! features & to _! p]man5t     
expression4 ,y ne$ n regret ! loss ?r\gh
 abs5ce1 ( an appe>ance t w\ld equally1 
?\gh pres5t1 h be5 lo/ ?r\gh di/ance4   
,secondly1 ,! ,greek actor _h always !  
res\rce1 "u su* difficulties1 ( av]t+ 8 
face a res\rce sanction$ 9 simil> cases 
by ! greate/ ( ! ,greek pa9t]s4 ,?irdly1
 ,! volum9\s drap]ies ( ! sc5ic dresses1
 & g5]ally ( ! ,greek co/ume1 made x an 
easy ?+ to muffle ! features altoge!r by
 a ge/ure mo/ natural to sudd5 horror4  
,f\r?ly1 ,we mu/ consid] t !re 7 no /age
 lights3 b1 on ! contr>y t ! g5]al light
 ( day 0 specially mitigat$ = t p>ticul>

 "p ( ! !atre2 j z v>i\s ar*itectural   
devices 7 employ$ to swell ! volume (   
s\nd4 ,f9ally4 ,i repeat my s9c]e       
op9ion1 t ! g5]al indi/9ctness ( !      
expression 01 on pr9ciples ( ta/e1 an   
advantage1 z h>moniz+ ) ! /ately & sull5
 monotony ( ! ,greek trag$y4 ,gr&eur 9 !
 attitudes1 9 ! ge/ures1 9 ! gr\ps1 9 ! 
processions--all ?is 0 indisp5sable3 b1 
on s va/ a scale z ! mighty c>toons ( ! 
,greek /age1 an ,attic arti/ z little   
reg>d$ ! details ( physiognomy1 z a     
great ar*itect w\ld reg>d1 on !         
frontispiece ( a temple1 ! m9iature     
enri*m5ts t might be suitable 9 a       
draw+-room4  ,) ^! views ^u ! ,grecian  
!atre1 & o!r views t x might oppress !  
read] to dwell ^u 9 ?is place1 sudd5ly 9
 ,decemb] la/ an opportunity dawn$--a   
gold5 opportunity1 gleam+ = a mom5t     
among/ ?ick cl\ds ( impossibility t _h  
ga!r$ ?r\gh ?ree-&-tw5ty c5turies--=    
see+ a ,grecian trag$y pres5t$ on a     
,briti% /age1 & ) ! ne>e/ approa*       
possible to ! beauty ( ^? ,a!nian pomps 

:i* ,sophocles1 :i* ,phidias1 :i*       
,p]icles creat$1 beautifi$1 promot$4 ,i 
prote/1 :5 see+ ! ,ed9burgh !atre's     
programme1 t a note dat$ f ! ,vatican   
w\ld n h />tl$ me m1 ?\gh seal$ ) ! seal
 ( ! fi%]man1 & reque/+ ! favor ( my    
company to take c(fee ) ! ,pope4 ,nay1  
less3 = *annels !re 7 ?r\gh :i* ,i might
 h compass$ a pres5tation to 8 ,hol9ess2
 b ! daught] ( ,o$ipus1 ! holy          
,antigone1 c\ld ,i h hop$ to see h] '9 !
 fle%8' ,?is trag$y 9 an ,engli% v]sion1
 #i & ) ,g]man music1 _h fir/ be5 plac$ 
be=e ! eyes & e>s ( our c\ntrym5 at     
,conv5t ,g>d5 dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahdd--e4 ,x
 0 said to h succe$$4 ,& soon aft] a    
report sprang up1 f nobody knew :]e1 t  
,mr4 ,murray meant to reproduce x 9     
,ed9burgh4  ,:at m natural8 ,connect$ s 
ne>ly ) ! noble/ h\se ( sc5ic arti/s t  
ev] %ook ! he>ts ( nations1 nobl] ?an   
ev] rais$ undy+ e*oes amid/ ! mighty    
walls ( ,a!ns1 ( ,rome1 ( ,p>is1 (      
,london1--himself a man ( tal5ts almo/  
unp>allel$ = v]satility1-- :y %\ld n    

,mr4 ,murray1 always s lib]al 9 an age s
 ungrateful to 8 pr(ession1 h sacrific$ 
some?+ to ?is occasion8 ,he1 t          
sacrifices s mu*1 :y n sacrifice to !   
gr&eur ( ! ,antique8 ,i 0 !n 9          
,ed9burgh1 or 9 its neighborhood2 & "o  
morn+1 at a casual assembly ( "s lit]>y 
fri5ds1 pres5t ,pr(essor ,wilson1       
,messrs4 ,j4 ,f41 ,c4 ,n41 ,l4 ,c41 &   
o!rs1 advocates1 s*ol>s1 lov]s (        
classical lit]ature1 we propos$ two     
resolutions1 ( :i* ! fir/ 01 t ! news 0 
too good to be true4 ,t pass$ nem4 con42
 & ! second resolution 0 ne>ly pass+1   
viz4 t a judgm5t w\ld c]ta9ly fall ^u   
,mr4 ,murray1 _h a second report prov$  
true1 viz4 t n ! ,antigone1 b a         
burlesque on ! ,antigone1 0 :at he      
m$itat$ to introduce4 ,?is turn$ out    
false2 l#j ! orig9al report 0 sudd5ly   
reviv$ eight or t5 mon?s aft]4          
,imm$iately on ! heels ( ! promise !    
execution foll[$2 & on ! la/ 7:i* ,i    
believe 0 ! sev5?7 repres5tation ( !    
,antigone1 ,i prep>$ myself to att5d4   

,x _h be5 g5]ally report$ z *>act]i/ic (
 myself1 t 9 respect to all coa*es1     
/eamboats1 railroads1 w$d+-p>ties1      
baptisms1 & s =?1 !re 0 a fatal         
necessity ( my be+ a trifle too late4   
,"s malici\s fairy1 n invit$ to my own  
baptism1 0 suppos$ to h end[$ me ) ?is  
infirmity4 ,x occurr$ to me t = once 9  
my life ,i w\ld %[ ! sc&al\sness ( su* a
 belief by be+ a trifle too soon1 say1  
?ree m9utes4 ,& no "n m lovely =        
inaugurat+ su* a *ange1 no memory ) :i* 
,i c\ld m will+ly connect any re=mation1
 ?an ?9e1 de>1 noble ,antigone6         
,accord+ly1 because a c]ta9 man 7^: "n  
is d[n 9 my pocket-book = no good7 _h   
told me t ! doors ( ! !atre op5$ at     
half-pa/ six1 :]eas1 9 fact1 !y op5$ at 
sev51 !re 0 ,i1 if y please1 freez+ 9 ! 
little colonnade ( ! !atre precisely z x
 want$ six-&-a-half m9utes to           
sev51--six-&-a-half m9utes obs]ve too   
soon4 ,^u :i* ?is son ( absurdity coolly
 rem>k$1 t1 if he _h n set me           
half-an-h\r =w>d1 by my own %[+1 ,i %\ld

 h be5 tw5ty-?ree-&-a-half m9utes too   
late4 ,:at sophi/ry6 ,b ?us x happ5$    
7namely1 ?r\gh ! wick$ness ( ?is man71  
t1 ^u ent]+ ! !atre1 ,i f\nd myself l   
,alex&] ,selkirk1 9 a frightful         
solitude1 or l a s+le family ( ,arabs   
ga!r+ at sunset ab\t a solit>y c(fee-pot
 9 ! b\ndless des]t4 ,0 !re an e*o      
rais$8 x 0 f my own /eps4 ,did any body 
c\gh8 x 0 too evid5tly myself4 ,i 0 !   
audi5ce2 ,i 0 ! public4 ,&1 if any      
accid5t happ5$ to ! !atre1 su* z be+    
burn$ d[n1 ,mr4 ,murray w\ld c]ta9ly lay
 ! blame ^u me4 ,my bus9ess meantime1 z 
a critic1 0--to f9d out ! mo/ malici\s  
seat1 i4e4 ! seat f :i* all ?+s w\ld    
take ! mo/ unfavorable aspect4 ,i c\ld n
 suit myself 9 ?is respect2 h[ev] bad a 
situation might seem1 ,i /ill fanci$ "s 
o!r z promis+ to be worse4 ,& ,i 0 n    
sorry :5 an audi5ce1 by mu/]+ 9 /r5g?   
?r\gh all p>ts ( ! h\se1 began to divide
 my responsibility z to burn+ d[n !     
build+1 &1 at ! same "t1 to limit !     
caprices ( my di/ract$ *oice4 ,at la/1 &

 precisely at half-pa/ sev51 ! curta9   
drew up2 a ?+ n /rictly correct on a    
,grecian /age4 ,b 9 !atres1 z 9 o!r     
places1 "o mu/ =get & =give4 ,!n ! music
 began1 ( :i* 9 a mom5t4 ,! ov]ture     
slipp$ out at "o e>1 z x ent]$ ! o!r1   
:i*1 ) submission to ,mr4 ,m5delssohn1  
is a pro( t x mu/ be horribly bad2 =1 if
 ev] !re liv$ a man t 9 music c nei!r   
=get nor =give1 t man is myself4 ,:atev]
 is v good nev] p]i%es f my             
remembrance1--t is1 s\nds 9 my e>s by   
int]vals = ev]1--& = :atev] is bad1 ,i  
consign ! au?or1 9 my wra?1 to 8 own    
consci5ce1 & to ! tortures ( 8 own      
discords4 ,! mo/ villan\s ?+s1 h[ev]1 h 
"o m]it2 !y are transitory z ! be/ ?+s2 
& t 0 true ( ! ov]ture3 x p]i%$4 ,!n1   
sudd5ly1 --oh1 heav5s6 :at a revelation 
( beauty6--=? /epp$1 walk+ 9 brightness1
 ! mo/ faultless ( ,grecian m>bles1     
,miss ,hel5 ,faucit z ,antigone4 ,:at   
p]fection ( ,a!nian sculpture6 ! noble  
figure1 ! lovely arms1 ! flu5t drap]y6  
,:at an unveil+ ( ! ideal /atuesque6 ,is

 x ,hebe8 is x ,aurora8 is x a goddess t
 moves be=e u8 ,p]fect %e is 9 =m2      
p]fect 9 attitude2    ',beautiful       
exce$+ly1   ,l a ladie f a f> c\ntrie4' 
,"h 0 ! r$eem+ jewel ( ! p]=mance4 ,x   
flatt]$ "o's patriotic feel+s1 to see   
?is noble "y c\ntrywoman realiz+ s      
exquisitely1 & re/or+ to our            
imag9ations1 ! noble/ ( ,grecian girls4 
,we critics1 disp]s$ ?r\gh ! h\se1 9 ! v
 tee? ( duty & consci5ce1 all at "o     
mom5t unanim\sly fell 9 love ) ,miss    
,faucit4 ,we felt 9 our remorse1 & did n
 pret5d to d5y1 t our duty 0--to be     
savage4 ,b :5 0 ! voice ( duty li/5$ to 
9 ! fir/ upro>s ( passion8 ,"o ?+ ,i    
regrett$1 viz4 t f ! indi/9ctness ( my  
sight = di/ant faces1 ,i c\ld n         
accurately discrim9ate ,miss ,faucit's  
features2 b ,i 0 told by my next        
neighbor t !y 7 z true to ! antique z h]
 figure4 ,miss ,faucit's voice is f9e & 
impassion$1 be+ deep = a female voice2 b
 9 ?is organ lay also ! only blemi% ( h]
 p]sonation4 ,9 h] la/ sc5e1 :i* is     

injudici\sly manag$ by ! ,greek         
poet1--too long by mu*1 & p]haps        
misconceiv$ 9 ! mod]n way ( und]/&+     
x1--h] voice grew too husky to execute !
 cad5ces ( ! intonations3 yet1 ev5 9 ?is
 sc5e1 h] fall to ! gr\nd1 "u ! burd5 ( 
h] f>ewell angui%1 0 9 a high degree    
sculpturesque ?r\gh ! :ole succession ( 
its /ages4  ,antigone 9 ! writt5 drama1 
& /ill m 9 ! p]sonat$ drama1 draws all  
?\ghts s entirely to h]self1 z to leave 
little leisure = exam9+ ! o!r p>ts2 &1  
"u su* circum/ances1 ! fir/ impulse ( a 
critic's m9d is1 t he ought to massacre 
all ! re/ indiscrim9ately2 x be+ cle>ly 
8 duty to presume e ?+ bad :i* he is n  
unwill+ly =c$ to confess good1 or       
conc]n+ :i* he reta9s no di/9ct         
recollection4 ,b ,i1 aft] ! fir/ glory (
 ,antigone's avat> _h subsid$1 appli$   
myself to consid] ! g5]al 'sett+' ( ?is 
,!ban jewel4 ,creon1 :om ! ,greek tragic
 poets take delight 9 describ+ z a      
villa91 has v little m to d 7until 8 own
 turn comes = griev+71 ?an to tell      

,antigone1 by m9ute-guns1 t die %e mu/4 
',well1 uncle1 don't say t s (t51' is ! 
answ] :i*1 secretly1 ! audi5ce :isp]s to
 ,antigone4 ,our uncle gr[s t$i\s2 & "o 
wi%es at la/ t he himself c\ld be 'put  
up ! sp\t4' ,mr4 ,glov]1 f ! sepul*ral  
dep? ( 8 voice1 gave effect to ! odi\s  
,creontic m5aces2 &1 9 ! f9al           
lam5tations ov] ! dead body ( ,haemon1  
be+ a man ( consid]able intellectual    
p[]1 ,mr4 ,glov] drew ! "p into a       
prom95ce :i* x is ! fault ( ,sophocles  
to h au?oriz$ 9 t situation2 = ! clos+  
sympa?ies ( ! spectator ought n to be   
div]t$1 = a mom5t1 f ,antigone4  ,b !   
*orus1 h[ did !y play _! "p8 ,ma9ly _!  
"p mu/ h always dep5d$ on ! "* ( !      
music3 ev5 at ,a!ns1 t mu/ h be5 v mu* !
 case1 & at ,ed9burgh altoge!r1 because 
danc+ on ! ,ed9burgh /age !re 0 none4   
,h[ came t ab\t8 ,= ! v ^w1 'or*e/ral1' 
sugge/s to a ,greek e> danc+1 z ! lead+ 
elem5t 9 ! *oral functions4 ,0 x because
 danc+ ) u is nev] us$ my/ically &      
symbolically nev] us$ 9 our religi\s    

s]vices8 ,/ill x w\ld h be5 possible to 
inv5t solemn & intricate dances1 t might
 h appe>$ abundantly significant1 if    
exp\nd$ by impassion$ music4 ,b t music 
( ,m5delssohn6--l x ,i _c4 ,say n t     
,m5delssohn is a great compos]4 ,he is  
s4 ,b "h he 0 volunt>ily ab&on+ !       
res\rces ( 8 own g5ius1 & ! support ( 8 
div9e art1 9 que/ ( a *im]a3 t is1 9    
que/ ( a ?+ call$ ,greek music1 :i* = u 
seems f> m irrecov]able ?an ! ',greek   
fire4' ,i myself1 f an e>ly date1 0 a   
/ud5t ( ?is subject4 ,i read book aft]  
book ^u x2 & ea* successive book sank me
 l[] into d>kness1 until ,i _h s va/ly  
improv$ 9 ignorance1 t ,i c\ld myself h 
writt5 a qu>to ^u x1 :i* all ! _w %\ld n
 h f\nd x possible to und]/&4 ,x %\ld h 
tak5 ?ree m5 to con/rue "o s5t5ce4 ,i   
confess1 h[ev]1 to n hav+ yet se5 !     
writ+s ^u ?is impracticable !me (       
,colonel ,p]ronet ,?ompson4 ,to write   
exp]im5tal music = *oruses t are to     
support ! else meagre outl9e ( a ,greek 
trag$y1 w n d4 ,let exp]im5ts be tri$ ^u

 wor?less subjects2 & if ?is (          
,m5delssohn's be ,greek music1 ! soon] x
 takes itself (f ! bett]4 ,sophocles w  
be deliv]$ f an incubus1 & we f an      
affliction ( ! auditory n]ves4  ,x      
/rikes me t ,i see ! s\rce ( ?is music4 
,we1 t 7 le>n+ ,g]man "s ?irty ye>s ago1
 mu/ rememb] ! noise made at t "t ab\t  
,m5delssohn1 ! ,platonic philosoph]4 ,& 
:y8 ,0 !re any ?+ p>ticul> 9 ',d]       
,pha$on1' on ! immortality ( ! s\l8 ,n  
at all2 x left u q z mortal z x f\nd u2 
& x has long s9ce be5 f\nd mortal       
itself4 ,its v5]able rema9s are /ill to 
be met ) 9 _m worm-eat5 trunks1 pa/$ on 
! lids ( :i* ,i h myself p]us$ a matt] (
 ?irty pages1 except = a "p t _h be5 too
 closely p]us$ by worms4 ,b ! key to all
 ! popul>ity ( ! ,platonic ,m5delssohn1 
is to be s\ght 9 ! :imsical nature (    
,g]man lib]ality1 :i*1 9 ^? days1 =c$   
,jews into pay+ toll at ! gates (       
cities1 "u ! title ( 'sw9e1' b c>ess$ _!
 infidel philosoph]s4 ,n[1 9 ?is        
category ( ,jew & infidel1 /ood ! au?or 

( ',pha$on4' ,he 0 c]ta9ly liable to    
toll z a hog2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 he 0 mu*  
admir$ z "o :o despis$ ! ,p5tateu*4 ,n[ 
t ,m5delssohn1 ^: le>n$ labors l9$ our  
trunks1 0 ! fa!r ( ?is ,m5delssohn1 ^:  
,greek music afflicts our e>s4          
,naturally1 !n1 x /rikes me1 t z 'papa' 
,m5delssohn att5d$ ! synagogue to save  
appe>ances1 ! filial ,m5delssohn w\ld   
also att5d x4 ,i likewise att5d$ !      
synagogue n[ & !n at ,liv]pool1 &       
else:]e4 ,we all ?ree h be5 cruis+ 9 !  
same latitudes2 &1 tru/+ to my own      
remembrances1 ,i %\ld pron\nce t        
,m5delssohn has /ol5 8 ,greek music f ! 
synagogue4 ,!re 01 9 ! fir/ *orus ( !   
',antigone1' "o sublime asc5t 7& once   
repeat$7 t rang to heav53 x might h     
ent]$ into ! music ( ,jubal's lyre1 or h
 glorifi$ ! timbrel ( ,miriam4 ,all !   
re/1 tri$ by ! deep /&>d ( my own feel+1
 t clamors = ! impassion$ 9 music1 ev5 z
 ! daught] ( ! horse-lee* says1 ',give1 
give1' is z mu* )\t mean+ z mo/ ( !     
,hebrew *ant+ t ,i he>d at ! ,liv]pool  

synagogue4 ,i advise ,mr4 ,murray1 9 !  
ev5t ( 8 ev] reviv+ ! ',antigone1' to   
make ! *orus s+ ! ,hundr$? ,psalm1 r ?an
 ,m5delssohn's music2 or1 :i* w\ld be   
bett] /ill1 to import f ,lanca%ire !    
,h&el *orus- s+]s4  ,b !n1 aga91 :atev] 
*ange 9 ! music 7 made1 s z to 'bett] ! 
condition' ( ! poor audi5ce1 some?+ %\ld
 really be done to 'bett] ! condition' (
 ! poor *orus4 ,?9k ( ^! wor?y m51 9 _! 
:ite & skyblue liv]ies1 kept /&+ ! :ole 
ev5+2 no seats all[$1 no danc+2 no      
tobacco2 no?+ to console !m b           
,antigone's beauty2 & all ?is 9 our     
climate1 latitude fifty-five degrees1   
#cj? ( ,decemb]1 & ,fahr5heit grop+     
ab\t1 ,i don't pret5d to "k :]e1 b      
cle>ly on 8 road d[n to ! w9e cell>4    
,mr4 ,murray1 ,i am p]fectly sure1 is   
too lib]al to h grudg$ ! exp5se1 if he  
c\ld h f\nd any classic prec$5t = treat+
 ! *orus to a b>rel ( ale4 ,ale1 he may 
object1 is an unclassical tipple2 b     
p]haps n4 ,x5ophon1 ! mo/ ,attic ( prose
 writ]s1 m5tions po9t$ly 9 8 ,anabasis1 

t ! ,t5 ,?\s&1 :5 retreat+ ?r\gh sn[y   
m\nta9s1 & 9 circum/ances v l our ,g5]al
 ,elph9/one's retreat f ,cabul1 came ^u 
a consid]able /ock ( bottl$ ale4 ,to be 
sure1 ! poor ignorant man calls x b>ley 
w9e1 ,greek3 oitos *ri?9os3 b ! flavor 0
 f\nd s p]fectly classical t n "o man ( 
! t5 ?\s&1 n ev5 ! ,attic bee himself1  
is report$ to h left any prote/ aga9/ x1
 or inde$ to h left mu* ( ! ale4  ,b    
/op3 p]haps ,i am intrud+ ^u o!r m5's   
space4 ,speak+1 !re=e1 n[ f9ally to !   
pr9cipal "q1 ,h[ f> did ?is memorable   
exp]im5t succe$8 ,i reply1 t1 9 ! s5se (
 realiz+ all t ! jo9t reviv]s propos$ to
 realize1 x succe$$2 & fail$ only :]e ^!
 reviv]s _h !mselves fail$ to compreh5d 
! magnific5t t5d5cies ( ,greek trag$y1  
or :]e ! limitations ( our !atres1 aris+
 out ( our habits & social diff]5ces1 _h
 made x impossible to succe$4 ,9        
,london1 ,i believe t !re are ne>ly     
?irty !atres1 & _m m1 if e place (      
amusem5t 7n be>+ ! te*nical "n ( !atre7 
7 includ$4 ,all ^! mu/ be unit$ to      

compose a build+ su* z t :i* receiv$ !  
va/ audi5ces1 & consequ5tly ! va/       
spectacles1 ( "s anci5t cities4 ,& yet1 
f a great mi/ake 9 our ,london &        
,ed9burgh attempts to imitate ! /age ( !
 ,greek !atres1 little use 0 made ( su* 
advantages z really 7 at our disposal4  
,! possible dep? ( ! ,ed9burgh /age 0 n 
laid op54 ,in/ead ( a regal hall 9      
,!bes1 ,i prote/ ,i took x = ! b\doir ( 
,antigone4 ,x 0 pa9t$ 9 light colors1 an
 error :i* 0 abom9able1 ?\gh possibly   
meant by ! arti/ 7b q unnecess>ily7 z a 
prop] gr\nd = reliev+ ! sumptu\s dresses
 ( ! lead+ p]=m]s4 ,! doors ( entrance &
 exit 7 mo/ unhappily manag$4 ,z to !   
dresses1 ^? ( ,creon1 ( 8 que51 & ( !   
two loyal si/]s1 7 good3 *a/e1 & yet    
pr9cely4 ,! dress ( ! *orus 0 z bad z   
bad z c\ld be3 a few surplices borr[$ f 
,episcopal *apels1 or r ! ornam5t$      
albes1 c4 f any ri* ,roman ,ca?olic     
e/abli%m5t1 w\ld h be5 m effective4 ,!  
,coryphaeus himself seem$1 to my eyes1  
no bett] ?an a railway labor]1 fre% f   

tunnell+ or bor+1 & we>+ a bl\se to hide
 8 work+ dress4 ,^! ill- us$ m5 ought to
 '/rike' = bett] clo!s1 9 case ,antigone
 %\ld aga9 revisit ! glimpses ( an      
,ed9burgh moon2 & at ! same "t !y might 
mutt] a h9t ab\t ! ale4 ,b ! great      
h9drances to a p]fect re/oration ( a    
,greek trag$y1 lie 9 peculi>ities ( our 
!atres t _c be remov$1 because b\nd up )
 _! purposes4 ,i suppose t ,salisbury   
,pla9 w\ld seem too va/ a !atre3 b at   
lea/ a ca!dral w\ld be requir$ 9        
dim5sions1 ,york ,m9/] or ,cologne4     
,lamp-light gives to u "s advantages :i*
 ! anci5ts _h n4 ,b mu* art w\ld be     
requir$ to tra9 & organize ! lights & ! 
masses ( sup]9cumb5t gloom1 t %\ld be   
su* z to all[ no calculation ( !        
dim5sions ov]head4 ,aborig9al night %\ld
 brood ov] ! sc5e1 & ! sweep+ movem5ts (
 ! sc5ic gr\ps3 bodily expression %\ld  
be giv5 to ! obscure feel+ ( t d>k p[]  
:i* mov$ 9 anci5t trag$y3 & we %\ld be  
made to "k :y x is t1 ) ! "o exception (
 ! ,p]sae1 f\nd$ on ! second ,p]sian    

invasion1 #aa 9 :i* ,aes*ylus1 ! au?or1 
0 p]sonally a combatant1 & !re=e a      
contempor>y1 n "o ( ! ?irty-f\r ,greek  
trag$ies surviv+1 b rec$es into ! dusky 
%ades ( ! h]oic1 or ev5 fabul\s times4  
,a failure1 !re=e1 ,i ?9k ! ',antigone1'
 9 relation to an object t = u is       
unatta9able2 b a failure wor? m ?an _m  
ord9>y successes4 ,we are all deeply    
indebt$ to ,mr4 ,murray's lib]ality1 9  
two s5ses2 to 8 lib]al int]e/ 9 ! noble/
 section ( anci5t lit]ature1 & to 8     
lib]al disreg>d ( exp5se4 ,to h se5 a   
,grecian play is a great remembrance4   
,to h se5 ,miss ,hel5 ,faucit's         
,antigone1 7 t all1 ) h] bu/1 ,greek3 os
 agalmatos #ab & h] uplift$ arm 'plead+ 
aga9/ unju/ tribunals1' is wor?--:at is 
x wor?8 ,wor? ! money8 ,h[ mean a ?\ght6
 ,to see ,hel51 to see ,hel5 ( ,greece1 
0 ! *ief pray] ( ,m>l['s ,dr4 ,fau/us2 !
 *ief gift :i* he exact$ f ! fi5d4 ,to  
see ,hel5 ( ,greece8 ,dr4 ,fau/us1 we h 
se5 h]3 ,mr4 ,murray is ! ,mephi/opheles
 t %[$ h] to u4 ,x 0 *eap at ! price ( a

 j\rney to ,sib]ia1 & is ! next be/ ?+  
to hav+ se5 ,wat]loo at sunset on ! #ah?
 ( ,june1 #ahae4 #ac   ,,footnotes  #a  
',:5 s[n2' z x has be5 repeat$ly2 a fact
 :i* "s read]s may n be aw>e (4  #b     
,boileau1 x is true1 translat$ ,long9us4
 ,b !re goes little ,greek to t4 ,x is 9
 deal+ ) ,attic ,greek1 & ,attic poets1 
t a man c manife/ 8 ,grecian skill4  #c 
',be=e ,god 0 kn[n2'--i4e4 kn[n 9       
,greece4  #d ,at times1 ,i say po9t$ly1 
! ,a!nian r ?an ! ,grecian trag$y1 9    
ord] to keep ! read]'s att5tion awake to
 a rem>k made by ,pat]culus1--viz4 ,t   
al?\gh ,greece coquetti%ly welcom$      
homage to h]self1 z g5]ally conc]n$ 9 ! 
,greek lit]ature1 9 reality ,a!ns only  
_h any orig9al %>e 9 ! drama1 or 9 !    
oratory ( ,greece4  #e ',! supreme      
arti/3'--,x is *iefly by comp>ison )    
,euripides1 t ,sophocles is usually     
cr[n$ ) ! laurels ( art4 ,b !re is "s   
dang] ( do+ wrong to ! tru? 9 too bl9dly
 adh]+ to ^! old rul+s ( critical c\rts4
 ,! judgm5ts w\ld sometimes be rev]s$1  

if ! plead+s 7 be=e u4 ,!re 7 blockheads
 9 ^? days4 ,und\bt$ly x is pa/ d5y+ t  
,euripides at times betrays m>ks (      
c>elessness 9 ! /ructure ( 8 plots1 z if
 writ+ too mu* 9 a hurry3 ! orig9al ca/ 
( ! fable is sometimes n happy1 & !     
evolution or dis5tangl+ is too          
precipitate4 ,x is easy to see t he w\ld
 h rem\ld$ !m 9 a revis$ edition1 or    
diaskeue ,greek4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i       
rememb] no?+ 9 ! ,greek drama m wor?y ( 
a great arti/ ?an p>ts 9 8 ,pho5issae4  
,nei!r is he ! effem9ately t5d]1 or     
m]ely pa!tic poet t "s p imag9e4 ,he 0  
able to sweep all ! *ords ( ! impassion$
 _s4 ,b ! :ole ( ?is subject is 9 arre>3
 x is 9 fact res integra1 almo/ unbrok5 
gr\nd4  #f ,i see a possible screw loose
 at ?is po9t3 if y see x1 read]1 h !    
goodness to hold y\r tongue4  #g        
',a!nian ,!atre3'--,_m corrections rema9
 to be made4 ,a!ns1 9 h] bloom1 0 ab\t z
 big z ,calcutta1 :i* conta9$1 =ty ye>s 
ago1 m ?an half a million ( p2 or z     
,naples1 :i* 7be+ long rat$ at ?ree     

hundr$ ?\s&71 is n[ kn[n to conta9 at   
lea/ two hundr$ ?\s& m4 ,! well kn[n    
c5sus ( ,demetrius ,phal]eus gave tw5ty-
 "o ?\s& citiz5s4 ,multiply ?is by #e1  
or #d-c_/d1 & y h _! families4 ,add t5  
?\s&1 multipli$ by #d-a_/b1 = !         
,inquil9i4 ,!n add f\r hundr$ ?\s& = !  
slaves3 total1 ab\t five hundr$ & fifty 
?\s&4 ,b ^u ! fluctuations ( ! ,a!nian  
population !re is mu* room =            
speculation4 ,&1 qua]e1 0 n ! population
 ( ,a!ns great] two c5turies be=e       
,demetrius1 9 ! days ( ,p]icles8  #h    
,hav+ no ,sophocles at h&1 ,i quote f   
memory1 n pret5d+ !re=e to exactness3 b 
! s5se is :at ,i /ate4  #i ,^: v]sion1  
,i d n "k4 ,b "o unacc\ntable error 0   
=c$ on "o's notice4 ,!bes1 :i*1 by      
,milton & by e s*ol> is made a          
monosyllable1 is "h made a dissyllable4 
,b ,!bez1 ! dissyllable1 is a ,syrian   
city4 ,x is true t ,causabon d$uces f a 
,syriac ^w mean+ a case or enclosure 7a 
!ca71 ! "n ( ,!bes1 :e!r ,boeotian or   
,egyptian4 ,x is probable1 !re=e1 t     

,!bes ! hundr$-gat$ ( ,upp] ,egypt1     
,!bes ! sev5-gat$ ( ,greece1 & ,!bes (  
,syria1 _h all "o orig9 z reg>ds ! "n4  
,b ?is matt]s n2 x is ! ,engli% "n t we 
are conc]n$ )4  #aj ',false3' or r      
inaccurate4 ,! burlesque 0 n on !       
,antigone1 b on ! ,m$ea ( ,euripides2 & 
v amus+4  #aa ,b 9 ?is in/ance1 p]haps1 
di/ance ( space1 comb9$ ) ! unrivall$   
gr&eur ( ! w>1 0 felt to equipond]ate ! 
di/ance ( "t1 ,susa1 ! ,p]sian capital1 
be+ f\rte5 hundr$ miles f ,a!ns4  #ab   
,greek3 ,/]na ?'os agalmatos1 h] bosom z
 ! bosom ( a /atue2 an expression (     
,euripides1 & appli$1 ,i ?9k1 to        
,polyx5a at ! mom5t ( h] sacrifice on ! 
tomb ( ,a*illes1 z ! bride t 0 be+ m>ri$
 to him at ! mom5t ( 8 dea?4  #ac       
,among/ ! que/ions :i* occurr$ to me z  
requir+ an answ]1 9 connection ) ?is    
revival1 0 "o ) reg>d to ! comp>ative   
fitness ( ! ,antigone = giv+ a          
repres5tative idea ( ! ,greek /age4 ,i  
am ( op9ion t x 0 ! wor/ *oice :i* c\ld 
h be5 made2 & = ! v reason :i* no d\bt  

gov]n$ t *oice1 viz4-- because ! au/]ity
 ( ! tragic passion is disfigur$ by a   
love episode4 ,r\sseau 9 8 lett] to     
,d',alemb]t ^u 8 article ,g5eve1 9 !    
,fr5* ,encyclop$ie1 asks1--',qui e/-ce  
qui d\te que1 sur nos !atres1 la        
meilleure piece de ,sophocle ne tombat  
t\t-a-plat8' ,& 8 reason 7z collect$ f  
o!r passages7 is--because an int]e/     
d]iv$ f ! passion ( sexual love c r>ely 
be f\nd on ! ,greek /age1 & yet _c be   
disp5s$ ) on t ( ,p>is4 ,b :y 0 x s r>e 
on ! ,greek /age8 ,n f accid5t1 b       
because x did n h>monize ) ! pr9ciple ( 
t /age1 & its va/ ov]hang+ gloom4 ,x is 
! great infirmity ( ! ,fr5*1 & connect$ 
con/itutionally ) ! gayety ( _!         
temp]am5t1 t !y _c sympa?ize ) ?is      
t]rific mode ( gr&eur4 ,we c4 ,& = u !  
*oice %\ld h be5 m purely & sev]ely     
,grecian2 :il/ ! sl5d]ness ( ! plot 9   
any ,greek trag$y1 w\ld require a f> m  
effective support f tumultu\s movem5t 9 
! *orus4 ,ev5 ! ,fr5* are n uni=mly     
ins5sible to ?is ,grecian gr&eur4 ,i    

rememb] t ,voltaire1 among/ _m j rem>ks 
on ! ,electra ( ,sophocles1 mix$ ) o!rs 
t are n j1 bitt]ly condemns ?is dem& = a
 love fable on ! ,fr5* /age1 &          
illu/rates its extravagance by ! ,fr5*  
trag$y on ! same subject1 ( ,crebillon4 
,he 79 default ( any m suitable res\rce7
 has actually made ,electra1 ^: "* on ! 
,greek /age is pa9fully v9dictive1 9    
love ) an imag9>y son ( ,aegi/hus1 h]   
fa!r's murd]]4 ,some?+ %\ld also h be5  
said ( ,mrs4 ,leigh ,murray's ,ism5e1   
:i* 0 v effective 9 support+ & 9 reliev+
 ! magnific5t impression ( ,antigone4 ,i
 ought also to h add$ a note on ! sc5ic 
mask1 & ! common notion 7n au?oriz$1 ,i 
am satisfi$1 by ! practice 9 ! supreme  
era ( ,p]icles71 t x exhibit$ a ,janus  
face1 ! w9dw>d side express+ grief or   
horror1 ! leew>d express+ tranquillity4 
,believe x n1 read]4 ,b on ?is & o!r    
po9ts1 x w be bett] to speak            
circum/antially1 9 a sep>ate pap] on !  
,greek drama1 z a maje/ic b v exclusive 
& almo/1 if "o may say s1 bigot$ =m ( ! 

sc5ic art4     ,,! ,,m>quess            
,,wellesley4 #a   ,x s\nds l ! toll+ (  
fun]al bells1 z ! annunciation is made (
 "o dea? aft] ano!r among/ ^? :o        
support$ our canopy ( empire ?r\gh ! la/
 mo/ memorable g5]ation4 ,! elde/ ( !   
,wellesleys is gone3 he is ga!r$ to 8   
fa!rs2 & "h we h 8 life circum/antially 
writt54  ,:o1 & ( :at orig9 are !       
,wellesleys8 ,!re is an impression      
curr5t among/ ! public1 or !re 0 an     
impression1 t ! true "n ( ! ,wellesley  
family is ,wesley4 ,?is is a case v mu* 
resembl+ "s ( ^? imag9$ by ! old        
s*ola/ic logicians1 :]e x 0 impossible  
ei!r to d5y or to affirm3 say+ yes1 or  
say+ no1 equally y told a falsehood4 ,! 
facts are ^!3 ! family 0 orig9ally      
,engli%2 & 9 ,engl&1 at ! e>lie/ era1   
!re is no d\bt at all t its "n 0 ,de    
,welles leigh1 :i* 0 pron\nc$ 9 ! elde/ 
times j z x is n[1 viz4 z a dissyllable1
 #b ! fir/ syllable s\nd+ exactly l !   
ca!dral city ,wells1 9 ,som]set%ire1 & !
 second l lea1 7a field ly+ fall[47 ,x  

is pla9 en\gh1 f v>i\s records1 t ! true
 hi/orical g5esis ( ! "n1 0 precisely   
?r\gh t composition ( words1 :i* "h1 = !
 mom5t1 ,i _h imag9$ m]ely to illu/rate 
its pronunciation4 ,l&s 9 ! diocese (   
,ba? & ,wells ly+ by ! pleasant riv]    
,p]ret1 & almo/ up to ! gates ( ,bri/ol1
 con/itut$ ! e>lie/ possessions ( ! ,de 
,wellesleighs4 ,!y1 sev5 c5turies be=e  
,assay1 & ,wat]loo1 7 'seis$' ( c]ta9   
ri* leas belong+ to ,wells4 ,& f ^!     
,saxon elem5ts ( ! "n1 "s h suppos$ !   
,wellesleys a ,saxon race4 ,!y c\ld n   
possibly h bett] blood3 b /ill ! ?+ does
 n foll[ f ! premises4 ,nei!r does x    
foll[ f ! de t !y 7 ,norman4 ,! fir/ ,de
 ,wellesley kn[n to hi/ory1 ! v tip-top 
man ( ! p$igree1 is ,av5ant de          
,wellesleigh4 ,ab\t a hundr$ ye>s ne>]  
to our own times1 viz4 9 #abci1 came    
,mi*ael de ,wellesleigh2 ( :om !        
important fact is record$1 t he 0 ! fa!r
 ( ,well]& de ,wellesley4 ,& :at did "y 
,mr4 ,well]& p]=m 9 ?is wick$ _w1 t !   
pr\d muse ( hi/ory %\ld condesc5d to    

notice 8 r s+ul> "n8 ,read]1 he         
0--'kill$3' t is all2 & 9 company ) ,sir
 ,rob]t de ,p]cival2 :i* aga9 argues 8  
,som]set%ire desc5t3 = ! family ( ,"l   
,egmont1 ! head ( all ,p]civals1 ev] 01 
& ev] w be1 9 ,som]set%ire4 ,b h[ 0 he  
kill$8 ,! "t :51 viz4 #acjc1 ! place    
:]e1 are kn[n3 b ! mann] h[1 is n       
exactly /at$2 x 0 9 skirmi% ) rascally  
,iri% 'k]nes1' fell[s t 7:5 pres5t$ at !
 font ( ,*ri/ = baptism7 _h _! "r arms  
cov]$ up f ! baptismal wat]s1 9 ord] t1 
/ill rema9+ consecrat$ to ! devil1 ^?   
arms might inflict a devili% bl[4 ,su* a
 bl[1 ) su* an unbaptiz$ arm1 ! ,iri%   
villa9 /ruck2 & !re 0 an end ( ,well]&  
de ,wellesleigh4 ,/range t hi/ory %\ld  
make an end ( a man1 be=e x _h made a   
beg9n+ ( him4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 are ! facts2  
:i*1 9 writ+ a romance ab\t ,sir ,well]&
 & ,sir ,p]cival1 ,i %all h great       
pleasure 9 falsify+4 ,b h[1 says ! too  
curi\s read]1 did ! ,de ,wellesleighs   
f9d !mselves among/ ,iri% k]nes8 ,_h ^! 
scamps ! presumption to invade          

,som]set%ire8 ,did !y d>e to intrude    
into ,wells8 ,n at all3 b ! pugnaci\s   
,de ,wellesleys _h d>$ to intrude into  
,irel&4 ,"s say 9 ! tra9 ( ,h5ry ,,ii4  
,"s say--b no matt]3 !re !y 73 & !re !y 
/uck l limpets4 ,!y soon engraft$       
!mselves into ! c\nty ( ,kild>e2 f :i*1 
by means ( a =tunate m>riage1 !y leap$  
into ! c\nty ( ,mea?2 & 9 t c\nty1 z if 
to refute ! pret5d$ mutability ( human  
?+s1 !y h roo/$ ev] s9ce4 ,!re 0 once a 
fam\s copy ( v]ses float+ ab\t ,europe1 
:i* ass]t$ t1 :il/ o!r pr9ces 7 de/9$ to
 fight = ?rones1 ,au/ria--! h&some h\se 
( ,hapsburgh--%\ld obta9 !m by m>riage3 
',pugnabunt alii3 tu1 felix ,au/ria1    
nube4'  ,s ( ! ,wellesleys3 ,sir ,well]&
 took q ! wrong way3 n cudgell+1 b      
c\rt+1 0 ! correct way = succe$+ 9      
,kild>e4 ,two great e/ates1 by two      
sep>ate m>riages1 ! ,de ,wellesleighs   
obta9$ 9 ,kild>e2 &1 by a ?ird m>riage 9
 a ?ird g5]ation1 !y obta9$ 9 ! c\nty ( 
,mea?1 ,ca/le ,d5gan 7o!rwise ,dangan7 )
 lord%ips z pl5tiful z blackb]ries4     

,ca/le ,dangan came to !m 9 ! ye> ( our 
,"l1 #adaa1 i4e4 be=e ,ag9c\rt3 &1 9    
,ca/le ,dangan did ,field- m>%al1 ! man 
( ,wat]loo1 draw 8 fir/ brea?1 %$ 8 fir/
 te>s1 & p]petrate 8 e>lie/ trespasses4 
,t is :at "o might call a pretty long   
spell = "o family3 f\r hundr$ &         
?irty-five ye>s has ,ca/le ,dangan      
furni%$ a nurs]y = ! ,wellesley         
piccan9nies4 ,among/ ! lord%ips atta*$  
to ,ca/le ,dangan 0 ,morn+ton1 :i* m ?an
 ?ree c5turies aft]w>ds suppli$ an      
e>ldom = ! gr&fa!r ( ,wat]loo4 ,any     
fur!r memorabilia ( ! ,ca/le ,dangan    
family are n record$1 except t 9 #adhe  
7:i* sure 0 ! ye> ( ,boswor? field87 !y 
began to omit ! de & to write !mselves  
,wellesley t\t c\rt4 ,f indol5ce1 ,i    
presume3 = a c]ta9 lady ,di4 le ,fl41   
:om once ,i knew1 a ,h[>d by bir?1 ( !  
h\se ( ,suffolk1 told me z h] reason =  
omitt+ ! ,le1 t x caus$ h] too mu*      
additional tr\ble4  ,s f> ! evid5ce     
seems 9 favor ( ,wellesley & aga9/      
,wesley4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 dur+ ! la/    

?ree c5turies ! ,wellesleys wrote ! "n  
,wesley4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 7 only ! mat]nal   
ance/ors ( ! pres5t ,wellesleys4 ,g>ret 
,wellesley1 ! la/ male heir ( ! direct  
l9e1 9 ! ye> #agde1 left 8 :ole e/ate to
 "o ( ! ,c[leys1 a ,/af=d%ire family :o 
_h emigrat$ to ,irel& 9 ,que5           
,elizabe?'s "t1 b :o 71 h[ev]1 desc5d$ f
 ! ,wellesleys4 ,?is ,c[ley or ,colley1 
tak+1 9 #agde1 ! "n ( ,wesley1 receiv$ f
 ,george ,,ii4 ! title ( ,e>l ,morn+ton3
 & ,colley's gr&son1 ! ,m>quess         
,wellesley ( our age1 0 record$ 9 !     
,iri% pe]age z ,wesley1 ,e>l (          
,morn+ton2 0 uni=mly s describ$ up to ! 
end ( ! eighte5? c5tury2 & ev5 ,ar?ur ( 
,wat]loo1 :om mo/ ( u ,europeans "k     
pretty well1 on go+ to ,india a little  
be=e 8 bro!r1 0 ?us introduc$ by ,"l    
,cornwallis to ,sir ,john ,%ore 7,"l    
,teignm\?1 ! ,gov]nor-g5]al71 ',de> sir1
 ,i beg leave to introduce to y ,colonel
 ,wesley1 :o is a lieut5ant-colonel ( my
 regim5t4 ,he is a s5sible man1 & a good
 (fic]4' ,po/]ity1 = we are po/]ity 9   

respect ( ,"l ,cornwallis1 h be5 v mu* (
 8 op9ion4 ,colonel ,wesley really is a 
s5sible man2 & ! s5sible man1 soon aft] 
8 arrival 9 ,b5gal1 "u ! in/igation ( 8 
bro!r1 resum$ ! old "n ( ,wellesley4 ,9 
reality1 ! "n ( ,wesley 0 m]ely !       
abbreviation ( indol5ce1 z ,*umley =    
,*olmondeley1 ,pomfret = ,pontefract1   
,cice/] = ,cir5ce/]2 or1 9 ,scotl&1     
,m>*banks = ,majoribanks1 ,*ator[ = !   
,duke ( ,hamilton's ,fr5* title (       
,*atelh]ault4 ,i rememb] myself1 9      
*ildhood1 to h met a niece ( ,john      
,wesley ! ,proto-,me?odi/1 :o always    
spoke ( !1 second ,"l ,morn+ton 7au?or (
 ! well-kn[n glees7 z a c\s91 & z       
intimately connect$ ) h] bro!r ! great  
f\droyant p]=m] on ! organ4 ,s\!y1 9 8  
,life ( ,john ,wesley1 tells u t ,*>les 
,wesley1 ! bro!r ( ,john1 & fa!r ( !    
great organi/1 _h ! (f] f ,g>ret        
,wellesley ( ^? same e/ates :i*         
ev5tually 7 left to ,ri*>d ,c[ley4 ,?is 
argues a recognition ( ne> consangu9ity4
 ,:y ! (f] 0 decl9$1 is n di/9ctly      

expla9$4 ,b if x _h be5 accept$1 ,s\!y  
?9ks t !n we %\ld h _h no /orm+ (       
,s]+apatam1 no ,wat]loo1 & no ,arm9ian  
,me?odi/s4 ,all t is n q cle>4 ,tippoo 0
 book$ = a desp]ate ,briti% v5geance by 
8 own desp]ate enmity to our "n1 ?\gh no
 ,"l ,wellesley _h be5 ,gov]nor-,g5]al4 
,napoleon1 by ! same fury ( hatr$ to u1 
0 book$ = ! same fate1 ?\gh ! sc5e ( x  
might n h be5 ,wat]loo4 ,&1 z to ,john  
,wesley1 :y %\ld he n h made ! same     
s*ism ) ! ,engli% ,*ur*1 because 8 bro!r
 ,*>les _h become unexpect$ly ri*8  ,!  
,m>quess ,wellesley 0 ( ! same /&+1 z to
 age1 or ne>ly s1 z ,mr4 ,pitt2 ?\gh he 
outliv$ ,pitt by almo/ =ty ye>s4 ,born 9
 #agfj1 ?ree or f\r mon?s be=e !        
accession ( ,george ,,iii41 he 0 s5t to 
,eton1 at ! age ( elev52 & f ,eton1 9 8 
eighte5? ye>1 he 0 s5t to ,*ri/ ,*ur*1  
,ox=d1 :]e he matriculat$ z a nobleman4 
,he !n bore ! c\rtesy title ( ,visc\nt  
,wellesley2 b 9 #agha1 :5 he _h rea*$ 8 
tw5ty-fir/ ye>1 he 0 summon$ away f     
,ox=d by ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 ! second ,e>l 

( ,morn+ton4 ,x is int]e/+1 at ?is      
mom5t1 to look back on ! family gr\p (  
*ildr5 collect$ at ,dangan ,ca/le4 ,! "y
 e>l 0 )9 a mon? ( 8 majority3 8 y\ng]  
bro!rs & si/]s 71 ,william ,wellesley   
,pole 7s9ce dead1 "u ! title ( ,"l      
,m>ybor\gh71 !n ag$ eighte52 ,anne1 s9ce
 m>ri$ to ,h5ry1 son ( ,"l ,s\?ampton1  
ag$ ?irte52 ,ar?ur1 ag$ twelve2 ,g]ald  
,val]ian1 n[ 9 ! *ur*1 ag$ t52 ,m>y     
,elizabe? 7s9ce ,lady ,cull+ ,smi?71 ag$
 n9e2 ,h5ry1 s9ce ,"l ,c[ley1 & ,briti% 
ambassador to ,spa91 ,france1 c4 ag$    
eight4 ,! new ,"l ,morn+ton %[$ 8       
consci5ti\s nature1 by assum+ 8 fa!r's  
debts1 & by sup]9t5d+ ! education ( 8   
bro!rs4 ,he _h di/+ui%$ himself at ,ox=d
 z a s*ol>2 b he return$ ?i!r no m1 &   
took no degree4 ,z ,e>l ( ,morn+ton1 he 
sat 9 ! ,iri% ,h\se ( ,lords2 b n be+ a 
,briti% pe]1 he 0 able to sit also 9 !  
,engli% ,h\se ( ,commons2 & ( ?is op5+ =
 a m national c>e]1 he avail$ himself at
 ! age ( tw5ty-f\r4 ,except t he favor$ 
! claims ( ! ,iri% ,ca?olics1 8 policy 0

 pretty uni=mly t ( ,mr4 ,pitt4 ,he     
support$ t m9i/] ?r\gh\t ! conte/s on ! 
,fr5* ,revolution2 & a little e>li]1 on 
! ,reg5cy "q4 ,?is came =w>d 9 #aghh1 on
 occasion ( ! fir/ insanity :i* attack$ 
,george ,,iii4 ,! read]1 :o is likely to
 h be5 born s9ce t era1 w p]haps n be   
acqua9t$ ) ! con/itutional "q !n at     
issue4 ,x 0 ?is3 ,mr4 ,fox held t1 ^u   
any incapacity aris+ 9 ! sov]eign1 !    
reg5cy w\ld !n settle 7ipso facto ( t   
incapacity7 ^u ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales2       
ov]look+ altoge!r ! case 9 :i* !re %\ld 
be no ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 & ! case 9 :i*   
su* a ,pr9ce might be z incapable1 f    
y\?1 ( ex]cis+ ! p[]s atta*$ to ! (fice1
 z 8 fa!r f disease4 ,mr4 ,pitt d5i$ t a
 ,pr9ce ( ,wales simply z su*1 & ap>t f 
any moral fitness :i* he might possess1 
_h m title to ! (fice ( reg5t ?an any   
lamp-light] or scav5g]4 ,x 0 ! prov9ce (
 ,p>liam5t exclusively to legislate = ! 
p>ticul> case4 ,! practical decision ( !
 "q 0 n call$ =1 f ! accid5t ( ! k+'s   
sudd5 recov]y3 b 9 ,irel&1 f !          

indep5d5ce ass]t$ by ! two h\ses ( !    
,briti% c\ncil1 ! "q grew /ill m        
complex4 ,! ,"l ,lieut5ant refus$ to    
transmit _! address1 #c & ,"l ,morn+ton 
support$ him p[]fully 9 8 refusal4  ,t5 
ye>s aft] ?is hot collision ( p>ties1   
,"l ,morn+ton 0 appo9t$ ,gov]nor-,g5]al 
( ,india1 & n[ fir/ he ent]$ ^u a /age  
wor?y ( 8 p[]s4 ,i _c myself agree )    
,mr4 ,pe>ce1 t '! wisdom ( 8 policy is  
n[ univ]sally recogniz$2' because ! same
 false views ( our ,indian position1 :i*
 at t "t caus$ 8 spl5did s]vices to be  
slight$ 9 _m qu>t]s1 /ill prepond]ates4 
,all adm9i/rations alike h be5 int5sely 
ignorant ( ,indian politics2 & = !      
natural reason1 t ! bus9ess ( home      
politics leaves !m no disposable en]gies
 = affairs s di/ant1 & ) :i* ea* man's  
*ance ( any durable connection is s     
exce$+ly small4 ,:at ,"l ,morn+ton did 0
 ?is3 he look$ our prospects 9 ! face4  
,two great enemies 7 !n loom+ ^u !      
horizon1 bo? ignorant ( our real        
res\rces1 & bo? delud$ by our imp]fect  

use ( su* res\rces1 z1 ev5 9 a previ\s  
w>1 we _h possess$4 ,"o ( ^! enemies 0  
,tippoo1 ! ,sultan ( ,mysore3 him1 by ! 
cru%+ en]gy ( 8 arrangem5ts1 ,"l        
,morn+ton 0 able utt]ly to de/roy1 & to 
di/ribute 8 dom9ions ) equity &         
mod]ation1 yet s z to prev5t any new    
coalition aris+ 9 t qu>t] aga9/ !       
,briti% p[]4 ,!re is a portrait (       
,tippoo1 ( ?is v g]1 9 ! second volume (
 ,mr4 ,pe>ce's "w1 :i* expresses        
suffici5tly ! unp>allel$ f]ocity ( 8    
nature2 & x is gu>ante$1 by its orig91 z
 au!ntic4 ,tippoo1 f ! p]sonal int]e/   
inve/+ him1 has m fix$ ! att5tion (     
,europe ?an a mu* m =midable enemy3 t   
enemy 0 ! ,mahratta conf$]acy1 *iefly   
exi/+ 9 ! p]sons ( ! ,pei%wah1 (        
,sc9dia1 ( ,holk>1 & ! ,rajah ( ,b]>4   
,_h ^! f\r pr9ces be5 less pr(\ndly     
ignorant1 _h !y be5 less invet]ately    
trea*]\s1 !y w\ld h co/ u ! only        
dreadful /ruggle :i* 9 ,india we h /ood4
 ,z x 01 ,"l ,morn+ton's gov]nm5t r$uc$ 
& crippl$ ! ,mah>attas to su* an ext5t1 

t 9 #ahag1 ,"l ,ha/+s f\nd x possible to
 cru% !m = ev]4 ,?ree s]vices ( a       
pr(\nd] nature1 ,"l ,wellesley 0 enabl$ 
to d = ,india2 fir/1 to pave ! way = !  
propagation ( ,*ri/ianity1--mighty      
s]vice1 /ret*+ to ! cl\ds1 & :i*1 9 !   
h\r ( dea?1 mu/ h giv5 him consolation2 
secondly1 to ent] ^u ! abolition ( su*  
,h9doo sup]/itions z are mo/ %ock+ to   
humanity1 p>ticul>ly ! practice (       
,suttee1 & ! b>b>\s exposure ( dy+      
p]sons1 or ( fir/-born infants at       
,sangor on ! ,ganges2 f9ally1 to promote
 an enl>g$ sy/em ( education1 :i* 7if 8 
spl5did s*eme _h be5 adopt$7 w\ld h     
diffus$ its b5efits all ov] ,india4 ,x  
ought also to be m5tion$ t ! exp$ition  
by way ( ! ,r$ ,sea aga9/ ! ,fr5* 9     
,egypt1 0 s entirely ( 8 sugge/ion & 8  
prep>ation1 t1 to ! great di%onor (     
,messrs4 ,pitt & ,dundas1 ^:            
adm9i/ration 0 ! wor/1 z a w>           
adm9i/ration1 ?us ev] misappli$1 or     
non-appli$1 ! res\rces ( a mighty       
empire1 x langui%$ = eighte5 mon?s      

purely ?r\gh _! neglect4  ,9 #ahje1 hav+
 /aid ab\t sev5 ye>s 9 ,india1 ,"l      
,morn+ton 0 recall$1 0 creat$ ,m>quess (
 ,wellesley1 0 s5t1 9 #ahba1 z ,vic]oy  
to ,irel&1 :]e !re 0 little to d2 hav+  
previ\sly1 9 #ahji1 be5 s5t ,ambassador 
to ! ,spani% ,cortes1 :]e !re 0 an      
aff9ity to d1 b no means ( do+ x4 ,! la/
 great political act ( ,"l ,wellesley1 0
 ! sma%+ ( ! ,peel m9i/ry 9 #ahcd viz4  
by ! fam\s resolution 7:i* he p]sonally 
drew up7 = appropriat+ to g5]al         
education 9 ,irel& any surplus aris+ f !
 rev5ues ( ! ,iri% ,*ur*4 ,full (       
honors1 he retir$ f public life at ! age
 ( sev5ty- five1 &1 = sev5 ye>s m (     
life1 d$icat$ 8 "t to su* lit]>y        
pursuits z he _h f\nd mo/ int]e/+ 9 e>ly
 y\?4  ,mr4 ,pe>ce1 :o is s capable (   
writ+ vigor\sly & sagaci\sly1 has too   
mu* all[$ himself to rely ^u public     
j\rnals4 ,= example1 he repr9ts ! :ole (
 ! attorney-g5]al's (ficial in=mation   
aga9/ elev5 obscure p]sons1 :o1 f !     
gall]y ( ! ,dubl9 !atre1 did 'wick$ly1  

riot\sly1 & r\t\sly' hiss1 groan1       
insult1 & assault 7to say no?+ ( _! hav+
 caus$ & procur$ to be hiss$1 groan$1   
c47 ! ,m>quess ,wellesley1              
,"l-,lieut5ant ,g5]al1 & ,g5]al ,gov]nor
 ( ,irel&4 ,?is docum5t cov]s m ?an n9e 
pages2 &1 aft] all1 omits ! only fact ( 
! lea/ consequ5ce1 viz41 t sev]al       
missiles 7 ?r[n by ! riot]s into !      
vice-regal box1 & among/ !m a           
qu>t-bottle1 :i* b>ely miss$ 8          
excell5cy's temples4 ,consid]+ ! impetus
 acquir$ by ! desc5t f ! gall]y1 !re is 
little d\bt t su* a weapon w\ld h kill$ 
,"l ,wellesley on ! spot4 ,9 default    
h[ev]1 ( ?is weighty fact1 !            
attorney-g5]al favors u ) memorializ+ ! 
v be/ piece ( dogg]el t ,i rememb] to h 
read2 viz41 t ^u div]s1 to wit1 ?ree    
?\s& pap]s1 ! riot]s _h wick$ly &       
malici\sly writt5 & pr9t$1 besides1     
obs]ve1 caus+ to be writt5 & pr9t$1 ',no
 ,pop]y1' z also ! foll[+ traitor\s     
c\plet--    ',! ,prote/ants want        
,talbot1   ,z ! ,papi/s h got all b2'   

,mean+ 'all b' t :i* !y got "s ye>s lat]
 by means ( ! ,cl>e election4 ,yet if1 9
 "s in/ances l ?is1 ,mr4 ,pe>ce has too 
l>gely drawn ^u (ficial pap]s1 :i* he   
%\ld r h ab/ract$ & cond5s$1 on ! o!r   
h&1 8 "w has a specific value 9 br++    
=w>d private docum5ts1 to :i* 8         
opportunities h ga9$ him a confid5tial  
access4 ,two portraits ( ,"l ,wellesley1
 "o 9 middle life1 & "o 9 old age1 f a  
sket* by ! ,comte d',orsay1 are         
felicit\sly execut$4  ,some?+ rema9s to 
be said ( ,"l ,wellesley z a lit]>y man2
 & t[>ds su* a judgm5t ,mr4 ,pe>ce has  
contribut$ "s v pleas+ mat]ials4 ,z a   
public speak]1 ,"l ,wellesley _h t      
degree ( brilliancy & effectual vigor1  
:i* might h be5 expect$ 9 a man ( great 
tal5ts1 possess+ mu* native s5sibility  
to ! *>ms ( /yle1 b n l$ by any p]sonal 
accid5ts ( life into a sep>ate          
cultivation ( oratory1 or into any      
pr(\nd inve/igation ( its duties & its  
p[]s on ! ar5a ( a ,briti% s5ate4 ,!re  
is less call = speak+ ( ,"l ,wellesley 9

 ?is "*1 :]e he did n seek = any em95t  
di/9ction1 ?an 9 ! m g5]al "* ( an      
elegant litt]ateur1 :i* furni%$ to him  
mu* ( 8 recreation 9 all /ages ( 8 life1
 & mu* ( 8 consolation 9 ! la/4 ,x is   
int]e/+ to see ?is accompli%$ nobleman1 
9 advanc$ age1 :5 o!r res\rces 7 "o by  
"o decay+1 & ! lights ( life 7          
successively fad+ into d>kness1 /ill    
*e]+ 8 languid h\rs by ! culture (      
classical lit]ature1 & 9 8 eighty-second
 ye> draw+ solace f ^? same pursuits :i*
 _h giv5 grace & di/9ction to 8 tw5tie?4
  ,"o or two rem>ks ,i w make ^u ,"l    
,wellesley's v]ses--,greek z well z     
,lat94 ,! ,lat9 l9es ^u ,*antrey's      
success at ,holkham 9 kill+ two         
woodcocks at ! fir/ %ot1 :i* subsequ5tly
 he sculptur$ 9 m>ble & pres5t$ to ,"l  
,leice/]1 are p]haps ! mo/ felicit\s    
among/ ! :ole4 ,masqu]ad+1 9 ,"l        
,wellesley's v]ses1 z ,praxiteles1 :o   
c\ld n well be repres5t$ ) a ,manon hav+
 a p]cussion lock1 ,*antrey is arm$ ) a 
b[ & arr[s3    ',en6 trajecit aves una  

sagitta duas4'  ,9 ! ,greek translation 
( ,p>!nopaeus1 !re are z few faults z   
c\ld reasonably be expect$4 ,b1 fir/1 "o
 ^w z to ! orig9al ,lat9 poem3 to :om   
does x belong8 ,x is trac$ fir/ to ,"l  
,gr5ville1 :o receiv$ x f 8 tutor       
7aft]w>ds ,bi%op ( ,london71 :o _h tak5 
x z an anonym\s poem f ! ',c5sor's      
book2' & ) v little probability1 x is   
d\btfully assign$ to ',lewis ( ! ,w>    
,(fice1' mean+1 no d\bt1 ! fa!r ( ,monk 
,lewis4 ,by ?is anxiety 9 trac+ its     
p$igree1 ! read] is l$ to exagg]ate !   
pret5sions ( ! little poem2 ^! are      
inconsid]able3 & !re is a conspicu\s    
fault1 :i* x is wor? :ile notic+1       
because x is "o peculi>ly besett+ ^? :o 
write mod]n v]ses ) ! help ( a gradus1  
viz4 t ! ,p5tamet] is (t5 a m]e         
rev]b]ation ( ! prec$+ ,hexamet]4 ,?us1 
= in/ance--    ',p>!nios int] saltus non
 amplius erro1   ,non repeto ,dryadum   
pascua laeta *oris2'  & s ( o!rs1 :]e ! 
second l9e is b a v>iation ( ! fir/4    
,ev5 ,ovid1 ) all 8 f]tility1 & p>tly 9 

consequ5ce ( 8 f]tility1 too (t5 commits
 ?is fault4 ,:]e inde$ ! ?\ght is       
effectually v>i$1 s t ! second l9e acts 
z a musical m9or1 succe$+ to ! major1 9 
! fir/1 !re may happ5 to arise a peculi>
 beauty4 ,b ,i speak ( ! ord9>y case1   
:]e ! second is m]ely ! reb\nd ( ! fir/1
 pres5t+ ! same ?\ght 9 a dilut$ =m4    
,?is is ! commone/ res\rce ( feeble     
?9k+1 & is also a /&+ temptation or sn>e
 = feeble ?9k+4 ,"l ,wellesley1 h[ev]1  
is n answ]able = ^! faults 9 ! orig9al1 
:i* inde$ he notices slightly z         
'repetitions2' & 8 own ,greek v]sion is 
spirit$ & good4 ,!re1 are1 h[ev]1 "s    
mi/akes4 ,! second l9e is altoge!r      
faulty2          ,greek3 ,*oria         
,ma9aliph pant erate9a !ph   ,a*num5os  
leipon  does n express ! s5se int5d$4   
,con/ru$ correctly1 ?is clause ( !      
s5t5ce w\ld mean--',i1 sorr[fully leav+ 
all places graci\s to ! ,ma5alian god3' 
b t is n :at ,"l ,wellesley design$3 ',i
 leav+ ! woods ( ,cyll5e1 & ! sn[y      
summits ( ,pholoe1 places t are all ( !m

 de> to ,pan'--t is :at 0 meant3 t is to
 say1 n leav+ all places de> to ,pan1 f>
 f x2 b leav+ a few places1 e "o ( :i*  
is de> to ,pan4 ,9 ! l9e beg9n+         
,greek3 ,kan e? uph aelikias  :]e !     
mean+ is--& if z yet1 by reason ( my    
immature age1 !re is a metrical error2 &
 ,greek3 aelikia w n express immaturity 
( age4 ,i d\bt :e!r 9 ! next l9e1       
,greek3 ,ma$ alkae ?alloi g\nas9 aei!os 
,greek3 g\nas9 c\ld convey ! mean+ )\t !
 preposition ,greek3 e?4 ,& 9    ,greek3
 ,sph]*omai ou kale\si !oi4  ,i ha/5    
:i!r ! gods summon me--,greek3 ou is n !
 "r ^w4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 almo/ impossible  
to write ,greek v]ses :i* %all be liable
 to no v]bal objections2 & ! flu5t      
movem5t ( ^! v]ses suffici5tly argues ! 
(f-h& ease ) :i* ,"l ,wellesley mu/ h   
read ,greek1 writ+ x s elegantly & ) s  
little ( app>5t con/ra9t4  ,meantime !  
mo/ int]e/+ 7f its circum/ances7 ( ,"l  
,wellesley's v]ses1 is "o to :i* 8 own  
,engli% int]pretation ( x has done less 
?an ju/ice4 ,x is a ,lat9 epitaph on !  

daught] 7an only *ild7 ( ,"l & ,lady    
,br\gham4 ,%e di$1 & 7z 0 g5]ally kn[n  
at ! "t7 ( an organic affection di/urb+ 
! action ( ! he>t1 at ! e>ly age (      
eighte54 ,& ! peculi> int]e/ ( ! case   
lies 9 ! suppression by ?is pi\s daught]
 7s f> z x 0 possible7 ( h] own bodily  
angui%1 9 ord] to beguile ! m5tal angui%
 ( h] p>5ts4 ,! ,lat9 epitaph is ?is3   
',bl&a anima1 e cunis heu6 longo ex]cita
 morbo1       ,int] mat]nas heu         
la*rymasque patris1   ,quas risu l5ire  
tuo jucunda solebas1       ,et levis1 et
 proprii vix memor ipsa mali2    ,i1    
pete cale/es1 ubi nulla e/ cura1        
recessus3       ,et tibi sit nullo mi/a 
dolore quies6'  ,! ,engli% v]sion is    
?is3    ',doom'd to long suff]+ f e>lie/
 ye>s1       ,amid/ y\r p>5ts' grief &  
pa9 alone   ,*e]ful & gay1 y smil$ to   
soo! _! te>s2       ,& 9 _! agonies =got
 y\r own4   ,g1 g5tle _s2 & among ! ble/
       ,f grief & pa9 et]nal be ?y re/6'
  ,9 ! ,lat91 ! phrase e cunis does n   
express f y\r cradle upw>ds4 ,! second  

l9e is faulty 9 ! opposition ( mat]nas  
to patris4 ,& 9 ! f\r? l9e levis conveys
 a false mean+3 levis mu/ mean ei!r     
physically light1 i4e4 n heavy1 :i* is n
 ! s5se1 or else ta9t$ ) levity1 :i* is 
/ill less ! s5se4 ,:at ,"l ,wellesley   
wi%$ to say--0 light-he>t$3 ?is he has n
 said3 b nei!r is x easy to say x 9 good
 ,lat94  ,i compla91 h[ev]1 ( ! :ole z n
 br++ out ,"l ,wellesley's own          
feel+--:i* feel+ is p>tly express$ 9 8  
v]ses1 & p>tly 9 8 accompany+ prose note
 on ,miss ,br\gham's m\rnful de/9y 7'h] 
life 0 a cont9ual illness'7 contra/$ )  
h] =titude1 h] innoc5t gaiety1 & ! pi\s 
motives ) :i* %e support$ ?is gaiety to 
! la/4 ,n z a direct v]sion1 b z fill+  
up ! outl9e ( ,"l ,wellesley1           
suffici5tly indicat$ by himself1 ,i     
propose ?is3--    ',*ild1 t = ?irte5    
ye>s ha/ f\ght ) pa91       ,prompt$ by 
joy & dep? ( natural love1--    ,re/ n[ 
at ,god's comm&3 oh6 n 9 va9       ,8   
angel (ttimes wat*'d !e1--(t1 above     
,all pangs1 t else _h dimm'd ?y p>5ts'  

eyes1       ,saw ?y "y he>t victori\sly 
rise4    ,rise n[ = ev]1 self-=gett+    
*ild1       ,rise to ^? *oirs1 :]e love 
l ?9e is ble/1    ,f pa9s ( fle%--f     
filial te>s assoil'd1       ,love :i*   
,god's h& %all cr[n ) ,god's own re/4'  
,,footnotes  #a ,memoirs &              
,correspond5ce4  #b ',z a               
dissyllable3'--j z ! ,annesley family1 (
 :i* ,"l ,val5tia is ! pres5t head1 d n 
pron\nce _! "n trisyllabically 7z       
/rang]s (t5 suppose71 b z ! two         
syllables ,anns lea1 acc5t on ! fir/4   
#c ,:i* adopt$ nei!r view2 = by (f]+ !  
reg5cy ( ,irel& to ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 !y
 negativ$ ,mr4 ,fox's view1 :o held x to
 be ! ,pr9ce's by inh]5t "r2 &1 on ! o!r
 h&1 !y /ill m op5ly oppos$ ,mr4 ,pitt4 
,,milton ,,v]sus ,,s\!y ,,& ,,l&or4     
,?is conv]sation is d\bly int]e/+3      
int]e/+ by its subject1 int]e/+ by its  
int]locutors2 = ! subject is ,milton1   
:il/ ! int]locutors are ,s\!y & ,l&or4  
,if a ,briti% g5tleman1 :5 tak+ 8       
pleasure 9 8 well-arm$ ya*t1 descries1 9

 "s =eign wat]s1 a noble vessel1 f !    
,?ames or ! ,clyde1 rid+ peaceably at   
an*or--& soon aft]1 two sm>t-look+      
clipp]s1 ) raki% ma/s1 be>+ d[n ^u h] 9 
company--he slack5s sail3 8 suspicions  
are slightly rais$2 !y h n %[n _! tee? z
 yet1 & p]haps all is "r2 b !re c be no 
h>m 9 look+ a little clos]2 &1 assur$ly1
 if he f9ds any mis*ief 9 ! w9d aga9/ 8 
c\ntryman1 he w %[ 8 tee? also2 &1      
please ! w9d1 w take up su* a position z
 to rake bo? ( ^! pirates by turns4 ,!  
two dialogi/s are introduc$ walk+ out   
aft] breakfa/1 'ea* 8 ,milton 9 8       
pocket2' & says ,s\!y1 ',let u collect  
all ! grav] faults we c lay our h&s ^u1 
)\t a too m9ute & tr\blesome rese>*2'--j
 s2 !re w\ld be dang] 9 t--help might   
put (f f %ore2--'n1' says he1 '9 ! _s ( 
,johnson1 b 9 our own4' ,johnson we may 
suppose1 is "s old ruffian well kn[n ^u 
t coa/2 & 'faults' may be a fla% t]m =  
:at ! ,am]icans call 'notions4' ,a "p ( 
! c>go x cle>ly is2 & "o is n surpris$  
to he> ,l&or1 :il/ ass5t+ to ! g5]al    

plan ( attack1 sugge/+ 9 a :isp] 't !y  
%\ld abase _! eyes 9 rev]5ce to s great 
a man1 )\t absolutely clos+ !m2' :i* ,i 
take to mean--t1 )\t tru/+ entirely to  
_! bo>d]s1 or absolutely clos+ _! ports1
 !y %\ld depress _! guns & fire d[n into
 ! hold1 9 respect ( ! vessel attack$   
/&+ s high out ( ! wat]4 ,aft] su* pla9 
speak+1 nobody c wond] mu* at ! junior  
pirate 7,l&or7 mutt]+1 ',x w be         
difficult = u always to refra94' ,(     
c\rse x w3 refra9+ 0 no "p ( ! bus9ess1 
,i %\ld fancy1 taught by t same         
buccane]1 ,johnson4 ,!re is mis*ief1 y  
see1 read]1 s++ 9 ! air--'mi*+          
malhe*o'--& x is our bus9ess to wat* x4 
,b1 be=e com+ to ! ma9 attack1 ,i mu/   
suff] myself to be deta9$ = a few mom5ts
 by :at ,mr4 ,l4 premises ^u ! 'moral' (
 any great fable1 & ! relation :i* x    
be>s1 or %\ld be>1 to ! solution ( su* a
 fable4 ,philosophic criticism is s f>  
improv$1 t1 at ?is day1 few p1 :o h     
reflect$ at all ^u su* subjects1 b are  
agre$ z to "o po9t3 viz41 t 9           

metaphysical language ! moral ( an epos 
or a drama %\ld be imman5t1 n transi5t2 
or1 o!rwise1 t x %\ld be vitally        
di/ribut$ ?r\gh ! :ole organization ( ! 
tree1 n ga!r$ or secret$ into a sort (  
r$ b]ry or racemus1 p5d5t at ! end ( its
 b\ghs4 ,?is view ,mr4 ,l&or himself    
takes1 z a g5]al view2 b1 /range to say1
 by "s ,l&orian p]v]s5ess1 :]e !re      
occurs a memorable exception to ?is rule
 7z 9 ! ',p>adise ,lo/'71 9 t case he   
insi/s ^u ! rule 9 its rigor-- ! rule1 &
 no?+ b ! rule4 ,:]e1 on ! contr>y1 !   
rule does really & obvi\sly take effect 
7z 9 ! ',iliad' & ',odyssey'71 !re he   
insi/s ^u an exceptional case4 ,!re is a
 moral1 9 8 op9ion1 hang+ l a tassel (  
gold bullion f ! ',iliad2'--& :at is x8 
,some?+ s fanta/ic1 t ,i decl9e to      
repeat x4 ,z well might he h said1 t !  
moral ( ',o!llo' 0--',try ,w>r5's       
,black+6' ,!re is no moral1 little or   
big1 f\l or fair1 to ! ',iliad4' ,up to 
! #ag? book1 ! moral might seem dimly to
 be ?is--',g5tlem51 keep ! peace3 y see 

:at comes ( qu>rell+4' ,b !re ?is moral 
ceases2 --!re is n[ a break ( guage3 !  
n>r[ guage takes place aft] ?is2 :il/ up
 to ?is po9t1 ! broad guage--viz41 !    
wra? ( ,a*illes1 gr[+ out ( 8 turn-up ) 
,agamemnon--_h c>ri$ u smoo?ly along )\t
 ne$ to %ift our luggage4 ,!re is no m  
qu>rell+ aft] ,book #ag1 h[ !n c !re be 
any m moral f qu>rell+8 ,if y insi/ on  
my tell+ y :at is ! moral ( ! ',iliad1' 
,i insi/ ^u y\r tell+ me :at is ! moral 
( a rattlesnake or ! moral ( a ,niag>a4 
,i suppose ! moral is--t y mu/ get out (
 _! way1 if y mean to moralize mu*      
long]4 ,! go+-up 7or anabasis7 ( !      
,greeks aga9/ ,troy1 0 a fact2 & a      
pretty d5se fact2 &1 by accid5t1 ! v    
fir/ 9 :i* all ,greece _h a common      
int]e/4 ,x 0 a jo9t-/ock conc]n--a      
repres5tative exp$ition--:]eas1         
previ\sly !re _h be5 none2 = ev5 !      
,argonautic exp$ition1 :i* is r ( !     
d>ke/1 impli$ no conf$]ation except     
among/ individuals4 ,h[ c\ld x8 ,= !    
,argo is suppos$ to h measur$ only      

tw5ty-sev5 tons3 h[ %e w\ld h be5 class$
 at ,lloyd's is h>d to say1 b c]ta9ly n 
z ,a #a4 ,!re 0 no /ate-cab92 ev]ybody1 
demi-gods & all1 pigg$ 9 ! /e]age among/
 beans & bacon4 ,greece 0 naturally pr\d
 ( hav+ cross$ ! h]r+-pond1 small z x 01
 9 se>* ( an entr5*$ enemy2 pr\d also ( 
hav+ lick$ him 'into ,almighty sma%2'   
?is 0 suffici5t2 or if an imp]t95t      
morali/ s\ght = some?+ m1 d\btless !    
moral mu/ h la9 9 ! booty4 ,a pea* is ! 
moral ( a pea*1 & moral en\gh2 b if a   
man w h some?+ bett]--a moral )9 a      
moral--:y1 !re is ! pea*-/one1 & its    
k]nel1 out ( :i* he may make ratafia1   
:i* seems to be ! ultimate morality t c 
be extract$ f a pea*4 ,mr4 ,ar*deacon   
,williams1 inde$1 ( ! ,ed9burgh         
,academy1 has publi%$ an octavo op9ion  
^u ! case1 :i* ass]ts t ! moral ( !     
,trojan w> 0 7to borr[ a phrase f       
*ildr57 tit = tat4 ,x 0 a case (        
retaliation = crimes aga9/ ,hellas1     
committ$ by ,troy 9 an e>li] g5]ation4  
,x may be s2 ,nemesis kn[s be/4 ,b ?is  

moral1 if x conc]ns ! total exp$ition to
 ! ,troad1 _c conc]n ! ',iliad1' :i*    
does n take up matt]s f s e>ly a p]iod1 
nor g on to ! f9al cata/rophe ( ,ilium4 
,n[1 z to ! ',p>adise ,lo/1' x happ5s t 
!re is--:e!r !re ought to be or n--a    
pure gold5 moral1 di/9ctly ann\nc$1     
sep>ately contemplat$1 & ! v weightie/  
ev] utt]$ by man or realiz$ by fable4 ,x
 is a moral r = ! drama ( a _w ?an = a  
human poem4 ,& ?is moral is made ! m    
prom95t & memorable by ! gr&eur ( its   
annunciation4 ,! jewel is n m spl5did 9 
itself ?an 9 its sett+4 ,except+ !      
well-kn[n passage on ,a!nian oratory 9 !
 ',p>adise ,rega9$1' !re is none ev5 9  
,milton :]e ! metrical pomp is made s   
effectually to aid ! pomp ( ! s5tim5t4  
,he>k5 to ! way 9 :i* a roll ( dactyles 
is made to settle1 l ! swell ( ! advanc+
 tide1 into ! long ?und] ( bill[s break+
 = leagues aga9/ ! %ore3    ',t to !    
height ( ?is great argum5t    ,i may    
ass]t et]nal ,provid5ce4'--  ,he> :at a 
motion1 :at a tumult1 is giv5 by !      

dactylic close to ea* ( ! introductory  
l9es6 ,& h[ massily is ! :ole lock$ up  
into ! peace ( heav51 z ! a]ial ar* ( a 
viaduct is lock$ up into tranquil       
/ability by its key-/one1 ?r\gh ! deep  
spondaic close1    ',& ju/ify ! ways (  
,god to man4'  ,t is ! moral ( !        
,miltonic epos2 & z mu* gr&] ?an any o!r
 moral =mally illu/rat$ by poets1 z     
heav5 is high] ?an e>?4  ,b ! mo/ s+ul> 
moral1 :i* ,mr4 ,l&or any:]e discov]s1  
is 9 8 own poem ( ',gebir4' ,:e!r he    
/ill adh]es to x1 does n appe> f !      
pres5t edition4 ,b ,i rememb] di/9ctly1 
9 ! orig9al edition1 a ,preface 7n[     
)drawn7 9 :i* he made 8 ackn[l$gm5ts to 
"s book read at a ,wel% ,inn = ! outl9e 
( ! /ory2 & z to ! moral1 he decl>$ x to
 be an exposition ( t mo/ my/]i\s (f5ce1
 ,ov]-,colonization4 ,mu* ,i mus$1 9 my 
y\?ful simplicity1 ^u ?is crim9al       
novelty4 ,:at might x be8 ,c\ld ,i1 by  
mi/ake1 h committ$ x myself8 ,0 x a     
felony1 or a misdemeanor8--liable to    
transportation1 or only to f9e &        

imprisonm5t8 ,nei!r 9 ! ,decemviral     
,tables1 nor 9 ! ,code ( ,ju/9ian1 nor !
 m>itime ,code ( ,ol]on1 nor 9 ! ,canon 
,law1 nor ! ,code ,napoleon1 nor our own
 ,/atutes at l>ge1 nor 9 ,j]emy ,b5?am1 
_h ,i read ( su* a crime z a            
possibility4 ,und\bt$ly ! v]m91 locally 
call$ ,squatt]s1 #a bo? 9 ! wilds (     
,am]ica & ,au/ralia1 :o pre- occupy o!r 
m5's e/ates1 h latt]ly illu/rat$ !      
logical possibility ( su* an (f5ce2 b !y
 7 q unkn[n at ! era ( ,gebir4 ,ev5     
,dalica1 :o knew z mu* wick$ness z mo/  
p1 w\ld h />$ at ?is unhe>d ( villany1 &
 h ask$1 z eag]ly z ,i did--',:at is x  
n[8 ,let's h a %y at x 9 ,egypt4' ,i1   
inde$1 knew a case1 b ,dalica did n1 (  
%ock+ ov]-colonization4 ,x 0 ! case1 :i*
 ev5 yet occurs on out-(-!-way roads1   
:]e a man1 unju/ly big1 m\nts into !    
inside ( a /age-coa* already suffici5tly
 cr[d$4 ,9 /reets & squ>es1 :]e m5 c\ld 
give him a wide b]?1 !y _h tol]at$ !    
inju/ice ( 8 p]son2 b n[1 9 a *amb] s   
conf9$1 ! l5g? & bread? ( 8 wick$ness   

%9es reveal$ to e eye4 ,& if ! coa* %\ld
 upset1 :i* x w\ld n be ! less likely to
 d = hav+ him on bo>d1 somebody or o!r  
7p]haps myself7 mu/ lie b5ea? ?is mon/]1
 l ,enceladus "u ,m\nt ,etna1 call+ ^u  
,jove to come quickly ) a few ?und]bolts
 & de/roy bo? man & m\nta91 bo? succubus
 & incubus1 if no o!r relief (f]$4      
,meantime1 ! only case (                
ov]-colonization notori\s to all        
,europe1 is t :i* "s ,g]man travell]    
7,ri$esel1 ,i ?9k7 has report$ s eag]ly1
 9 ridicule ( our suppos$ ,engli%       
cr$ulity2 viz4--! case ( ! =eign sw9dl]1
 :o adv]tis$ t he w\ld get into a qu>t  
bottle1 fill$ ,drury ,lane1 pocket$ !   
admission money1 & decamp$1 prote/+ 79 8
 adieus to ! spectators7 t' x lac]at$ 8 
he>t to disappo9t s _m noble isl&]s2 b t
 on 8 next visit he w\ld make full      
rep>ation by gett+ into a v9eg> cruet4' 
,n[1 "h c]ta9ly 0 a case ( ov]-         
colonization1 n p]petrat$1 b m$itat$4   
,yet1 :5 "o exam9es ?is case1 ! crime   
consi/$ by no means 9 do+ x1 b 9 n do+  

x2 by no means 9 gett+ into ! bottle1 b 
9 n gett+ into x4 ,! =eign contractor   
w\ld h be5 probably a v unhappy man1 _h 
he fulfill$ 8 contract by ov]-coloniz+ !
 bottle1 b he w\ld h be5 decid$ly a m   
virtu\s man4 ,he w\ld h r$eem$ 8 pl$ge2 
&1 if he _h ev5 di$ 9 ! bottle1 we %\ld 
h honor$ him z a 'vir bonus1 cum mala   
=tuna compositus2' z a man ( honor mat*$
 9 s+le duel ) calamity1 & also z ! be/ 
( conjur]s4 ,ov]- colonization1 !re=e1  
except 9 ! "o case ( ! /age-coa*1 is    
app>5tly no crime2 & ! (f5ce ( ,k+      
,gebir1 9 my eyes1 rema9s a my/]y to ?is
 day4  ,:at next solicits notice is 9 ! 
nature ( a digression3 x is a k9d (     
p>5!sis on ,wordswor?4  ',l&or4--,:5 x 0
 a matt] ( wond] h[ ,keats1 :o 0        
ignorant ( ,greek1 c\ld h writt5 8      
,hyp]ion1 ,%elley1 :om envy nev] t\*$1  
gave z a reason--because he 0 a ,greek4 
,wordswor?1 be+ ask$ 8 op9ion ( ! same  
poem1 call$ x1 sc(f+ly1 a pretty piece (
 paganism2 yet he himself1 9 ! be/ v]ses
 he ev] wrote--& beautiful ones !y      

are--rev]ts to ! p[]ful influ5ce ( !    
pagan cre$4'  ,"h are n9e l9es exactly 9
 ! orig9al type4 ,n[1 n9e tailors are   
rank$1 by great ma/]s ( algebra1 z  "o  
man2 su* is ! receiv$ equation2 or1 z x 
is express$1 ) m livel9ess1 9 an old    
,engli% drama1 by a man :o meets &      
qu>rels ) eighte5 tailors--',come1 hang 
x6 ,i'll fight y bo?4' ,b1 :atev] be !  
algebraic ratio ( tailors to m51 x is   
cle> t n9e ,l&orian l9es are n always   
equal to ! deliv]y ( "o accurate tru?1  
or to a successful conflict ) ?ree or   
f\r signal errors4 ,fir/ly--,%elley's   
reason1 if x ev] 0 assign$1 is          
irrelevant z reg>ds any "q t mu/ h be5  
int5d$4 ,x c\ld n h be5 meant to        
ask--,:y 0 ! ',hyp]ion' s ,grecian 9 its
 _s8 = x is any?+ b ,grecian4 ,we %\ld  
praise x falsely to call x s2 = !       
feeble1 ?\gh elegant1 my?ology ( ,greece
 0 incapable ( bre$+ any?+ s deep z !   
my/]i\s port5ts t1 9 ! ',hyp]ion1' run  
be=e & accompany ! pass+ away ( div9e   
immemorial dyna/ies4 ,no?+ c be m       

impressive ?an ! picture ( ,saturn 9 8  
palsy ( affliction1 & ( ! mighty goddess
 8 gr&-daught]1 or ?an ! secret signs ( 
com+ woe 9 ! palace ( ,hyp]ion4 ,^! ?+s 
grew f d>k] cre$s ?an ,greece _h ev]    
kn[n s9ce ! eld] traditions (           
,prome!us--cre$s t s5t d[n _! s\nd+     
plummets into f> deep] wells )9 ! human 
_s4 ,:at _h be5 meant1 by ! "q propos$  
to ,%elley1 0 no d\bt-- ,h[ s "y a man z
 ,keats1 n hav+ _h ! advantage ( a      
regul> classical education1 c\ld h be5 s
 mu* at home 9 ! details ( ! eld]       
my?ology8 ,tooke's ',pan!on' might h be5
 obta9$ by favor ( any ,engli% s*oolboy1
 & ,dum\/i]'s ',lettres a ,emile sur la 
,my?ologie' by favor ( v _m "y ladies2 b
 ^!1 accord+ to my recollection ( !m1   
w\ld h>dly h suffic$4 ,sp5ce's          
',polymetis1' h[ev]1 might h be5 _h by  
favor ( any good libr>y2 & !            
',biblio!ca' ( ,apollodorus1 :o is !    
cock ( ! walk on ?is subject1 might h   
be5 read by favor ( a ,lat9 translation1
 suppos+ ,keats really unequal to ! easy

 ,greek text4 ,!re is no wond] 9 ! case2
 nor1 if !re _h be51 w\ld ,%elley's k9d 
rem>k h solv$ x4 ,! treatm5t ( ! facts  
mu/1 9 any case1 h be5 due to ,keats's  
g5ius1 s z to be ! same :e!r he _h /udi$
 ,greek or n3 ! facts1 ap>t f !         
treatm5t1 mu/ 9 any case h be5 _h f a   
book4 ,secondly--,let ,mr4 ,l&or rely ^u
 x --t ,wordswor? nev] said ! ?+ ascrib$
 to him "h z any =mal judgm5t1 or :at   
,scotti% law w\ld call deliv]ance1 ^u ! 
',hyp]ion4' ,z to :at he might h said   
incid5tally & collat]ally2 ! mean+ (    
words is s entirely affect$ by _!       
position 9 a conv]sation--:at foll[$1   
:at w5t be=e--t five words dislocat$ f  
_! context nev] w\ld be receiv$ z       
evid5ce 9 ! ,que5's ,b5*4 ,! c\rt :i*1 (
 all o!rs1 lea/ /rictly weighs its rules
 ( evid5ce1 is ! female tea-table2 yet  
ev5 t tribunal w\ld require ! depon5t to
 /r5g!n 8 evid5ce1 if he _h only five   
deta*$ words to produce4 ,wordswor? is a
 v pr\d man z he has good reason to be2 
& p]haps x 0 ,i myself1 :o once said 9  

pr9t ( him--t x is n ! correct way (    
speak+1 to say t ,wordswor? is z pr\d z 
,lucif]2 b1 inv]sely1 to say ( ,lucif] t
 "s p h conceiv$ him to be z pr\d z     
,wordswor?4 ,b1 if pr\d1 ,wordswor? is n
 haughty1 is n o/5tati\s1 is n anxi\s = 
display1 is n arrogant1 &1 lea/ ( all1  
is he capable ( desc5d+ to envy4 ,:o or 
:at is x t he %\ld be envi\s (8 ,does   
anybody suppose t ,wordswor? w\ld be    
jeal\s ( ,ar*im$es if he n[ walk$ ^u    
e>?1 or ,mi*ael ,angelo1 or ,milton8    
,nature does n repeat h]self4 ,be assur$
 %e w nev] make a second ,wordswor?4    
,any ( u w\ld be jeal\s ( 8 own         
duplicate2 &1 if ,i _h a doppelgang]1 :o
 w5t ab\t p]sonat+ me1 copy+ me1 &      
pirat+ me1 philosoph] z ,i am1 ,i might 
7if ! ,c\rt ( ,*anc]y w\ld n grant an   
injunction aga9/ him7 be s f> c>ri$ away
 by jeal\sy z to attempt ! crime ( murd]
 ^u 8 c>cass2 & no great matt] z reg>ds 
,,him4 ,b x w\ld be a sad ?+ = me to f9d
 myself hang$2 & = :at1 ,i besee* y8 =  
murd]+ a %am1 t 0 ei!r nobody at all1 or

 oneself repeat$ once too (t54 ,b if y  
%[ to ,wordswor? a man z great z        
himself1 /ill t great man w n be mu* l  
,wordswor?--! great man w n be          
,wordswor?'s doppelgang]4 ,if n imp> 7z 
y say7 he w be disp>2 & :y1 !n1 %\ld    
,wordswor? be jeal\s ( him1 unless he is
 jeal\s ( ! sun1 & ( ,abd el ,kad]1 & ( 
,mr4 ,waghorn--all ( :om c>ry (f a great
 deal ( any sp>e admiration :i* ,europe 
has to dispose (4 ,b sudd5ly x /rikes me
 t we are all pr\d1 e man ( u2 & ,i     
d>esay ) "s reason = x1 'be ! same m or 
less4' ,= ,i nev] came to "k any man 9  
my :ole life intimately1 :o c\ld n d    
some?+ or o!r bett] ?an anybody else4 ,!
 only man among/ u t is ?or\ghly free f 
pride1 t y may at all seasons rely on z 
a patt]n ( humility1 is ! pickpocket4 ,t
 man is s admirable 9 8 temp]1 & s us$  
to pocket+ any?+ :atev] :i* ,provid5ce  
s5ds 9 8 way1 t he w ev5 pocket a kick+1
 or any?+ 9 t l9e ( favors :i* y are    
pleas$ to be/[4 ,! smalle/ donations are
 by him ?ankfully receiv$1 provid$ only 

t y1 :il/ half-bl9d ) ang] 9 kick+ him  
r\nd a figure ( eight1 l a dext]\s      
skat]1 w b all[ him 7:i* is no m ?an    
fair7 to h a second '%y' at y\r pretty  
,indian pocket-h&k]*ief1 s z to conv9ce 
y1 on cool] reflection1 t he does n     
always miss4 ,?irdly--,mr4 ,l&or leaves 
x d\btful :at v]ses ^? are (            
,wordswor?'s :i* celebrate ! p[] '( !   
,pagan cre$2' :e!r t sonnet 9 :i*       
,wordswor? wi%es to ex*ange = glimpses (
 human life1 !n & 9 ^? circum/ances1    
'=lorn1' ! sight    '----,( ,proteus    
com+ f ! sea1   ,& he> old ,triton w9d 8
 wrea!d horn2'  :e!r ?is1 or ! passage  
on ! ,greek my?ology 9 ',! ,excursion4' 
,:i*ev] he means1 ,i am ! la/ man to d5y
 t x is beautiful1 & especially if he   
means ! latt]4 ,b x is no presumption to
 d5y firmly ,mr4 ,l&or's ass]tion1 t ^! 
are '! be/ v]ses ,wordswor? ev] wrote4' 
,bless ! man6    ',!re are a ?\s& su*   
else:]e1   ,z wor?y ( y\r wond]3'--     
,else:]e1 ,i mean1 9 ,wordswor?'s poems4
 ,9 reality x is impossible t ^! %\ld be

 ! be/2 = ev5 if1 9 ! executive "p1 !y 7
 s1 :i* is n ! case1 ! v nature ( !     
?\ght1 ( ! feel+1 & ( ! relation1 :i*   
b9ds x to ! g5]al !me1 & ! nature ( t   
!me itself1 =bid ! possibility ( m]its s
 high4 ,! :ole movem5t ( ! feel+ is     
fanciful3 x nei!r appeals to :at is     
deepe/ 9 human s5sibilities1 nor is     
meant to d s4 ,! result1 inde$1 s]ves   
only to %[ ,mr4 ,l&or's sl5d]           
acqua9tance ) ,wordswor?4 ,& :at is     
worse ?an be+ sl5d]ly acqua9t$1 he is   
errone\sly acqua9t$ ev5 ) ^! two %ort   
brea?+s f ! ,wordswor?ian %ell4 ,he     
mi/akes ! logic4 ,wordswor? does n      
celebrate any p[] at all 9 ,paganism4   
,old ,triton inde$6 he's little bett]1 9
 respect ( ! t]rific1 ?an a mail-coa*   
gu>d1 nor half z good1 if y all[ ! gu>d 
8 (ficial seat1 a coal-black night1     
lamps blaz+ back ^u 8 royal sc>let1 & 8 
blund]buss correctly slung4 ,triton w\ld
 n /ay1 ,i engage1 = a second look at ! 
old ,portsm\? mail1 z once ,i knew x4   
,b1 alas6 bett] ?+s ?an ev] /ood on     

,triton's p9s are n[ z little able to /&
 up = !mselves1 or to />tle ! sil5t     
fields 9 d>kness1 ) ! sudd5 fla% ( _!   
glory--gone be=e x _h fall come--z      
,triton is to play ! ,freys*utz *orus on
 8 humbug ( a horn4 ,b ! logic (        
,wordswor? is ?is--n t ! ,greek my?ology
 is pot5t2 on ! contr>y1 t x is weak]   
?an c[slip tea1 & w\ld n agitate ! n]ves
 ( a h5 sp>r[2 b t1 weak z x is--nay1 by
 means ( t v weakness--x does b ! bett] 
s]ve to measure ! weakness ( some?+ :i* 
he ?9ks yet weak]--viz4 ! dea?-l torpor 
( ,london society 9 #ahjh1 b5umb$ by    
conv5tional apa?y & worldl9ess--        
',heavy z fro/1 & deep almo/ z life4'   
,?is seems a digression f ,milton1 :o is
 prop]ly ! subject ( ?is colloquy4 ,b1  
luckily1 x is n "o ( my s9s4 ,mr4 ,l&or 
is "l )9 ! h\se ( 8 own book2 he pays   
all acc\nts :atev]2 & read]s t h ei!r a 
bill1 or bill ( exceptions1 to t5d]     
aga9/ ! conc]n1 mu/ draw ^u him4 ,to    
,milton he returns ^u a v dang]\s topic 
inde$--viz4 ! /ructure ( 8 blank v]se4  

,i "k ( none t is s try+ to a w>y man's 
n]ves4 ,y might z well tax ,moz>t )     
h>%ness 9 ! div9e/ passages ( ',don     
,giovanni1' z ,milton ) any su* (f5ce   
aga9/ metrical sci5ce4 ,be assur$1 x is 
y\rself t d n read ) und]/&+1 n ,milton 
t by possibility c be f\nd deaf to !    
dem&s ( p]fect h>mony4 ,y are tempt$1   
aft] walk+ r\nd a l9e ?reescore times1  
to exclaim at la/-- ',well1 if ! ,fi5d  
himself %\ld rise up be=e me at ?is v   
mom5t1 9 ?is v /udy ( m9e1 & say t no   
screw 0 loose 9 t l9e1 !n w\ld ,i       
reply--',sir1 ) submission1 y are----4' 
',:at6' suppose ! ,fi5d sudd5ly to dem& 
9 ?und]2 ':at am ,i8' ',horribly wrong1'
 y wi% exce$+ly to say2 b1 recollect+ t 
"s p are *ol]ic 9 argum5t1 y conf9e     
y\rself to ! polite answ]-',t1 ) def]5ce
 to 8 bett] education1 y conceive him to
 lie2'--t's a bad ^w to drop y\r voice  
^u 9 talk+ ) a fi5d1 & y ha/5 to        
add--'"u a slight1 a v slight mi/ake4'  
,ay1 y might v5ture on t op9ion ) a     
fi5d4 ,b h[ if an angel %\ld und]take ! 

case8 ,& angelic 0 ! e> ( ,milton4 ,_m  
are ! prima facie anomal\s l9es 9       
,milton2 _m are ! suspici\s l9es1 :i* 9 
_m a book ,i h se5 _m a critic pe]+     
into1 ) eyes made up = mis*ief1 yet ) a 
misgiv+ t all 0 n q safe1 v mu* l an old
 rav5 look+ d[n a m>r[-bone4 ,9 fact1   
su* is ! metrical skill ( ! man1 & su* !
 p]fection ( 8 metrical s5sibility1 t1  
on any attempt to take lib]ties ) a     
passage ( 81 y feel z :5 com+1 9 a =e/1 
^u :at seems a dead lion2 p]haps he may 
n be dead1 b only sleep+2 nay1 p]haps he
 may n be sleep+1 b only %amm+4 ,& y h a
 jeal\sy1 z to ,milton1 ev5 9 ! mo/     
flagrant case ( almo/ palpable error1 t1
 aft] all1 !re may be a plot 9 x4 ,y may
 be put d[n ) %ame by "s man read+ ! l9e
 o!rwise1 read+ x ) a diff]5t emphasis1 
a diff]5t caesura1 or p]haps a diff]5t  
susp5sion ( ! voice1 s z to br+ out a   
new & self-ju/ify+ effect4 ,x mu/ be    
add$1 t1 9 review+ ,milton's metre1 x is
 q necess>y to h su* books z ',n>e's    
,engli% ,or?oepy' 79 a late edition71 & 

o!rs ( t class1 ly+ on ! table2 because 
! acc5tuation ( ,milton's age 01 9 _m   
words1 entirely diff]5t f ours4 ,& ,mr4 
,l&or is n free f "s suspicion (        
inatt5tion z to ?is po9t4 ,ov] & above 8
 acc5tual diff]5ce1 ! practice ( our    
eld] dramati/s 9 ! resolution ( ! f9al  
tion 7:i* n[ is uni=mly pron\nc$ %on71 w
 be f\nd exce$+ly important to !        
appreciation ( a writ]'s v]se4          
,contribution1 :i* n[ is necess>ily     
pron\nc$ z a ^w ( f\r syllables1 w\ld   
!n1 9 v]se1 h five1 be+ read into       
con-tri-bu-ce-on4 ,_m read]s w recollect
 ano!r ^w1 :i* = ye>s br\ght ,john      
,kemble into hot wat] ) ! pit ( ,drury  
,lane4 ,x 0 ! plural ( ! ^w a*e4 ,?is is
 g5]ally made a dissyllable by !        
,elizabe?an dramati/s2 x occurs 9 !     
',tempe/4' ,prosp]o says--    ',i'll    
fill ?y bones ) a*es4'  ,:at foll[s1 :i*
 ,i d n rememb] lit]atim1 is su*        
metrically z to require two syllables = 
a*es4 ,b h[1 !n1 0 ?is to be pron\nc$8  
,kemble ?\ght akies w\ld s\nd ludicr\s2 

ait*es !re=e he call$ x3 & always ! pit 
h[l$ l a fami%$ m5ag]ie1 z !y did also  
:5 he *ose 7& he con/antly *ose7 to     
pron\nce be>d l bird4 ,_m ( ^! niceties 
mu/ be kn[n1 be=e a critic c ev] all[   
himself to believe t he is "r 9 obeliz+1
 or 9 m>k+ ) s mu* z a 8 any v]se :atev]
 ( ,milton's4 ,& !re are "s ( ^!        
niceties1 ,i am satisfi$1 n ev5 yet     
fully inve/igat$4  ,x is1 h[ev]1 to be  
borne 9 m9d1 aft] all all[ances &       
provisional res]vations h be5 made t    
,b5tley's hypo!sis 7injudici\sly z x 0  
manag$ by t great s*ol>7 has really a   
tru? ( fact to /& ^u4 ,n only mu/       
,milton h compos$ 8 ?ree greate/ poems1 
! two ',p>adises1 & ! ',samson1' 9 a    
/ate ( bl9dness--b subsequ5tly1 9 !     
correction ( ! pro(s1 he mu/ h suff]$   
/ill m f ?is conflict ) d>kness &1      
consequ5tly1 f ?is dep5d5ce ^u c>eless  
read]s4 ,?is is ,b5tley's case3 z lawy]s
 say3 ',my "l1 t is my case4' ,x is     
possible en\gh to write correctly 9 !   
d>k1 z ,i myself (t5 d1 :5 los+ or miss+

 my lucif]s--:i*1 l "s eld] lucif]s1 are
 always rebelli\sly /ray+ into place :]e
 !y c h no bus9ess4 ,b x is q impossible
 to correct a pro( 9 ! d>k4 ,at lea/1 if
 !re is su* an art1 x mu/ be a section (
 ! black art4 ,b5tley ga9$ f ,pope t    
admirable epi!t ( sla%+1 '! ribbalds--f 
sla%+ ,b5tley d[n to piddl+ ,!obalds1'  
i4e4 ,tibbulds z x 0 pron\nc$1 altoge!r 
f 8 edition ( ! ',p>adise ,lo/4' ,?is ! 
doctor f\nd$ on 8 own hypo!sis z to !   
advantage tak5 ( ,milton's bl9dness2 &  
correspond+ 0 ! havoc :i* he made ( !   
text4 ,9 fact1 on ! really j allegation 
t ,milton mu/ h us$ ! s]vices ( an      
amanu5sis2 & ! plausible "o t ?is       
amanu5sis1 be+ (t5 we>y ( 8 task1 w\ld  
be likely to neglect punctili\s         
accuracy2 & ! mo/ improbable allegation 
t ?is we>y p]son w\ld also be v         
conceit$1 & add mu* rubbi% ( 8 own2     
,b5tley resign$ himself luxuri\sly1 )\t 
! :isp] ( a scruple1 to 8 own s5se ( :at
 0 or 0 n poetic1 :i* s5se happ5$ to be 
t ( ! add] = music4 ,! deaf add] he>e? n

 ?\gh ! musician *>m ev] s wisely4 ,no  
s*ol>%ip1 :i* s f> beyond o!r m5 ,b5tley
 _h1 c\ld ga9 him ! imag9ative          
s5sibility :i*1 9 a degree s f> beyond  
av]age m51 he want$4 ,consequ5tly1 ! _w 
nev] be=e beheld su* a sc5e ( massacre z
 8 ',p>adise ,lo/' exhibit$4 ,he laid   
himself d[n to 8 "w ( ext]m9ation l !   
brawnie/ ( reap]s go+ 9 /eadily ) 8     
sickle1 coat /ripp$ (f1 & %irt sleeves  
tuck$ up1 to deal ) an acre ( b>ley4 ,"o
 duty1 & no o!r1 re/$ ^u 8 consci5ce2 "o
 voice he he>d--,sla% away1 & hew d[n ! 
rott5 gr[?s ( ?is abom9able amanu5sis4  
,! c>nage 0 l t aft] a pit*$ battle4 ,! 
v f9e/ passages 9 e book ( ! poem 7 m>k$
 by italics1 z d$icat$ to fire &        
slaught]4 ',sla%+ ,dick' w5t ?r\gh !    
:ole =e/1 l a woodman m>k+ ) :ite pa9t !
 giant trees t mu/ all come d[n 9 a mon?
 or s4 ,& "o naturally rev]ts to a      
passage 9 ! poem itself1 :]e ,god !     
,fa!r is suppos$ to say to 8 ,filial    
assessor on ! heav5ly ?rone1 :5 m>k+ !  
desolat+ progress ( ,s9 & ,dea?1--      

',see ) :at havoc ^! fell dogs advance  
,to ravage ?is fair _w4'  ,b /ill ?is   
inhuman extravagance ( ,b5tley1 9 foll[+
 out 8 hypo!sis1 does n exon]ate u f    
be>+ 9 m9d s mu* tru? z t hypo!sis      
really mu/ h _h1 f ! pitiable           
difficulties ( ! great poet's situation4
  ,my own op9ion1 !re=e1 ^u ! l9e1 =    
in/ance1 f ',p>adise ,rega9$1' :i* ,mr4 
,l&or appe>s to h indicat$ = ! read]'s  
amazem5t1 viz43--    ',z well might     
recomm5d   ,su* solitude be=e *oice/    
society1'  is--t x escap$ revision f "s 
accid5t call+ (f ! e> ( ,milton :il/ 9 !
 act ( hav+ ! pro( read to him4 ,mr4    
,l&or sil5tly pr9ts x 9 italics1 )\t    
assign+ 8 objection2 b1 ( c\rse t       
objection mu/ be--t ! l9e has "o foot   
too mu*4 ,x is an ,alex&r9e1 su* z      
,dryd5 scatt]$ s pr(usely1 )\t ask+     
himself :y2 b :i* ,milton nev] tol]ates 
except 9 ! *oruses ( ! ,samson4    ',n  
difficult1 if ?\ he>k5 to me'--  is "o (
 ! l9es :i* ,mr4 ,l&or ?9ks t 'no       
au?ority w reconcile' to our e>s4 ,i ?9k

 o!rwise4 ,! caesura is meant to fall n 
) ! comma aft] difficult 1 b aft] ?\2 & 
!re is a mo/ effective & gr& susp5sion  
int5d$4 ,x is ,satan :o speaks-- ,satan 
9 ! wild]ness2 & he m>ks1 z he wi%es to 
m>k1 ! trem5d\s opposition ( attitude   
betwe5 ! two p>ties to ! temptation4    
',n difficult if ?\----'  !re let !     
read] pause1 z if pull+ up sudd5ly f\r  
horses 9 h>ness1 & ?r[+ !m on _!        
haun*es--n difficult if ?\ 79 "s my/]i\s
 s5se ! son ( ,god72 & !n1 z ) a bur/ ( 
?und]1 aga9 giv+ ! re9s to y\r quadriga1
    '----he>k5 to me3'  t is1 to me1 t  
am ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,air1 & able to p]=m all
 my promises = ^? t he>k5 to any        
temptations4  ,two l9es are cit$ "u !   
same ban ( irreconcilability to our e>s1
 b on a v diff]5t plea4 ,! fir/ ( ^!    
l9es is--    ',launcelot1 or ,pellias1  
or ,pell9ore2'  ,! o!r    ',qu9tius1    
,fabricius1 ,curius1 ,regulus4'  ,!     
read] w readily suppose t bo? are       
object$ to z 'roll-calls ( prop] names4'
 ,n[1 x is v true t no?+ is m (f5sive to

 ! m9d ?an ! practice ( me*anically     
pack+ into metrical successions1 z if   
pack+ a portmanteau1 names )\t mean+ or 
significance to ! feel+s4 ,no man ev]   
c>ri$ t atrocity s f> z ,boileau1 a fact
 ( :i* ,mr4 ,l&or is well aw>e2 & slight
 is ! sanction or excuse t c be drawn f 
him4 ,b x mu/ n be =gott5 t ,virgil1 s  
scrupul\s 9 f9i% ( composition1 committ$
 ?is fault4 ,i rememb] a passage end+   
'----,noemonaque ,prytan9que2'  b1 hav+ 
no ,virgil )9 rea*1 ,i _c at ?is mom5t  
quote x accurately4 ,hom]1 ) m excuse1  
h[ev]1 f ! rud5ess ( 8 age1 is a deadly 
(f5d] 9 ?is way4 ,b ! cases f ,milton   
are v diff]5t4 ,milton 0 incapable ( !  
,hom]ic or ,virgilian blemi%4 ,!        
objection to su* roll+ musketry ( names 
is1 t unless int]sp]s$ ) epi!ts1 or     
brok5 into irregul> gr\ps by brief      
circum/ances ( p>5tage1 c\ntry1 or      
romantic incid5t1 !y /& audaci\sly p]k+ 
up _! heads l lots 9 a catalogue1       
arr[-head$ palisades1 or "y l>*es 9 a   
nurs]y gr\nd1 all occupy+ ! same space1 

all drawn up 9 l9e1 all m]e it]ations ( 
ea* o!r4 ,b 9    ',qu9tius1 ,fabricius1 
,curius1 ,regulus1'  ?\gh c]ta9ly n a   
good l9e :5 insulat$ 7bett]1 h[ev]1 9   
its connection ) ! entire succession (  
:i* x =ms "p71 ! apology is1 t ! massy  
weight ( ! sep>ate *>act]s enables !m to
 /& l granite pill>s or pyramids1 pr\d (
 _! self-support+ indep5d5cy4  ,mr4     
,l&or makes "o correction by a simple   
improvem5t 9 ! punctuation1 :i* has a v 
f9e effect4 ,r>ely has s l>ge a result  
be5 di/ribut$ ?r\gh a s5t5ce by s slight
 a *ange4 ,x is 9 ! ',samson4' ,samson  
says1 speak+ ( himself 7z else:]e7 ) t  
pr(\nd pa?os1 :i* to all he>ts inve/s   
,milton's own situation 9 ! days ( 8 old
 age1 :5 he 0 compos+ t drama--    ',ask
 = ?is great deliv]] n[1 & f9d him      
,eyeless 9 ,gaza at ! mill ) slaves4'   
,?us x is usually pr9t$2 t is1 )\t a    
comma 9 ! latt] l9e2 b1 says ,l&or1 '!re
 ought to be commas aft] eyeless1 aft]  
,gaza1 aft] mill4' ,& :y8 because ?us '!
 grief ( ,samson is aggravat$ at e memb]

 ( ! s5t5ce4' ,he 7l ,milton7 0--#a4    
bl9d2 #b4 9 a city ( triumphant enemies2
 #c4 work+ = daily bread2 #d4 h]d+ )    
slaves2 ,samson lit]ally1 & ,milton ) ^?
 :om politically he reg>d$ z su*4  ,mr4 
,l&or is p]fectly wrong1 ,i mu/ take !  
lib]ty ( say+1 :5 he demurs to ! l9e 9  
,p>adise ,rega9$3    ',f t placid aspect
 & meek reg>d1'  on ! gr\nd t2 'meek    
reg>d conveys no new idea to placid     
aspect4' ,b aspect is ! c\nt5ance (     
,*ri/ :5 passive to ! gaze ( o!rs3 reg>d
 is ! same c\nt5ance 9 active           
contemplation ( ^? o!rs :om he loves or 
pities4 ,! placid aspect expresses1     
!re=e1 ! div9e re/2 ! meek reg>d        
expresses ! div9e b5ignity3 ! "o is !   
self-absorption ( ! total ,godhead1 !   
o!r ! et]nal emanation ( ! ,filial      
,godhead4  ',by :at +5uity1' says ,l&or1
 'c we erect into a v]se--    ,9 ! bosom
 ( bliss1 & light ( light8'  ,n[ really 
x is by my wat* exactly ?ree m9utes too 
late = him to make t objection4 ,! c\rt 
_c receive x n[2 = ! l9e j ?is mom5t    

cit$1 ! ink be+ h>dly yet dry1 is ( !   
same id5tical /ructure4 ,! usual iambic 
fl[ is di/urb$ 9 bo? l9es by ! v same   
ripple1 viz41 a tro*ee 9 ! second foot1 
placid 9 ! "o l9e1 bosom 9 ! o!r4 ,!y   
are a sort ( snags1 su* z lie 9 ! curr5t
 ( ! ,mississippi4 ,!re1 !y d no?+ b    
mis*ief4 ,"h1 :5 ! l9es are read 9 _!   
entire nexus1 ! di/urbance /ret*es =w>ds
 & backw>ds ) good effect on ! music4   
,besides1 if x did n1 "o is will+ to    
take a snag f ,milton1 b "o does n      
altoge!r l be+ snagg$ by ! ,mississippi4
 ,"o sees no p>ticul> reason = be>+ x1  
if "o only knew h[ to be rev5g$ on a    
riv]4  ,b1 ( ^! metrical skirmi%es1 ?\gh
 full ( importance to ! impassion$ text 
( a great poet 7= my/]i\s is ! life t   
connects all modes ( passion ) rhy?mus71
 let u suppose ! casual read] to h _h   
en\gh4 ,& n[ at clos+ = ! sake ( *ange1 
let u treat him to a h>lequ9 trick ^u   
ano!r !me4 ,did ! read] ev] happ5 to see
 a %]iff's (fic] arre/+ an hone/        
g5tleman1 :o 0 do+ no mann] ( h>m to    

g5tle or simple1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds a
 second %]iff's (fic] arre/+ ! fir/--by 
:i* means t second (fic] m]its = himself
 a place 9 hi/ory2 = at ! same mom5t he 
lib]ates a des]v+ creature 7s9ce an     
arre/$ (fic] _c possibly bag 8 prison]71
 & he also av5ges ! insult put ^u t     
wor?y man8 ,p]haps ! read] did n ev] see
 su* a sight2 &1 gr[+ p]sonal1 he asks  
me1 9 return1 if ,i ev] saw x4 ,to say !
 tru?1 ,i nev] did2 except once1 9 a    
too-flatt]+ dream2 & ?\gh ,i applaud$ s 
l\dly z ev5 to wak5 myself1 & %\t$      
'encore1' yet all w5t = no?+2 & ,i am   
/ill wait+ = t spl5did exemplification (
 retributive ju/ice4 ,b :y8 ,:y %\ld x  
be a spectacle s uncommon8 ,= surely ^? 
(ficial arre/]s ( m5 mu/ want arre/+ at 
times z well z bett] p4 ,at lea/1 h[ev]1
 en att5dant "o may luxuriate 9 ! vision
 ( su* a ?+2 & ! read] %all n[ see su* a
 vision rehe>s$4 ,he %all see ,mr4 ,l&or
 arre/+ ,milton--,milton1 ( all m56-- = 
a flaw 9 8 ,roman erudition2 & !n he    
%all see me in/antly /epp+ up1 tapp+    

,mr4 ,l&or on ! %\ld]1 & say+1 ',(fic]1 
y're want$2' :il/ to ,milton ,i say1    
t\*+ my hat1 ',n[1 sir1 be (f2 run = y\r
 life1 :il/ ,i hold 8 man 9 cu/ody1 le/ 
he %\ld fa/5 on y aga94'  ,:at ,milton  
_h said1 speak+ ( ! 'wat*ful *]ubim1'   
0--               ',f\r faces ea*   ,_h1
 l a d\ble ,janus2'  ,^u :i* ,s\!y--b1 (
 c\rse1 ,l&or1 v5triloquiz+ ?r\gh       
,s\!y--says1 ',bett] left ?is to !      
imag9ation3 d\ble ,januses are que]     
figures4' ,n at all4 ,on ! contr>y1 !y  
became s common1 t f9ally !re 7 no o!r4 
,rome1 9 h] days ( *ildhood1 cont5t$    
h]self ) a two-fac$ ,janus2 b1 ab\t ! "t
 ( ! fir/ or second ,caes>1 a v anci5t  
/atue ( ,janus 0 exhum$1 :i* _h f\r     
faces4 ,ev] aft]w>ds1 ?is sacr$ resurg5t
 /atue became ! model = any possible    
,janus t c\ld %[ himself 9 good company4
 ,! quadrifrons ,janus 0 n[ ! or?odox   
,janus2 & x w\ld h be5 z mu* a sacrilege
 to rob him ( any s+le face z to rob a  
k+'s /atue #b ( its horse4 ,"o ?+ may   
recall ?is to ,mr4 ,l&or's memory4 ,i   

?9k x 0 ,n]o1 b c]ta9ly x 0 "o ( ! fir/ 
six ,caes>s1 t built1 or t f9i%$1 a     
magnific5t temple to ,janus2 & ea* face 
0 s manag$ z to po9t d[n an av5ue lead+ 
to a sep>ate m>ket-place4 ,n[1 t !re 7  
f\r m>ket-places1 ,i w make oa? be=e any
 ,ju/ice ( ! ,peace4 ,"o 0 call$ ! ,=um 
,julium1 "o ! ,=um ,augu/um1 a ?ird !   
,=um ,transitorium3 :at ! f\r? 0 call$  
is be/ kn[n to itself1 = really ,i =get4
 ,b if anybody says t p]haps x 0 call$ !
 ,=um ,l&orium1 ,i am n ! man to object2
 = few names h des]v$ su* an honor m1   
:e!r f ^? t !n look$ =w>d into futurity 
) "o face1 or f our po/]ity t w look    
back into ! vani%+ pa/ ) ano!r4         
,,footnotes  #a ,squatt]s3--,!y are a   
sort ( self-elect$ w>m+-pans4 ,:at we 9 
,engl& mean by ! political t]m          
'w>m+-pans1' are m5 :o occupy1 by       
cons5t1 "s (ficial place1 or ,p>liam5t>y
 seat1 until ! prop] claimant is old    
en\gh 9 law to assume 8 rights4 ,:5 !   
true man comes to b$1 ! w>m+-pan        
respectfully turns out4 ,b ^! ultra-m>9e

 w>m+-pans w\ldn't turn out4 ,!y %[$    
fight1 & w\ldn't he> ( ! true man1 ev5 z
 a b$-fell[4  #b ,a k+'s /atue3--,till v
 lately ! etiquette ( ,europe 01 t none 
b royal p]sons c\ld h eque/rian /atues4 
,"l ,hopet\n1 ! read] w object1 is all[$
 to h a horse1 9 ,/4 ,&rew's ,squ>e1    
,ed9burgh4 ,true1 b obs]ve t he is n    
all[$ to m\nt him4 ,! fir/ p]son1 s f> z
 ,i rememb]1 t1 n be+ royal1 has1 9 our 
isl&1 seat$ himself com=tably 9 !       
saddle1 is ! ,duke ( ,well+ton4         
,,falsification ,,( ,,engli% ,,hi/ory4  
,i am myself1 & always h be51 a memb] ( 
! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & am griev$ to he> !  
_m attacks aga9/ ! ,*ur* frequ5tly mo/  
illib]al attacks1 :i* n s mu* religion z
 political rancor gives bir? to 9 e ?ird
 j\rnal t ,i take up4 ,?is ,i say to    
acquit myself ( all di%onorable feel+s1 
su* z ,i w\ld abhor to co-op]ate )1 9   
br++ a v heavy *>ge aga9/ t great body 9
 its lit]>y capacity4 ,:osoev] has      
reflect$ on ! hi/ory ( ! ,engli%        
con/itution--mu/ be aw>e t ! mo/        

important /age ( its developm5t lies )9 
! reign ( ,*>les ,i4 ,x is true t !     
judicial execution ( t pr9ce has be5    
all[$ by _m p]sons to vitiate all t 0   
done by ! h]oic p>liam5t ( ,novemb]1    
#afdj3 & ! ord9>y hi/ories ( ,engl&     
assume z a matt] ( c\rse t ! :ole p]iod 
( p>liam5t>y hi/ory ?r\gh ^? times is to
 be reg>d$ z a p]iod ( confusion4 ,our  
con/itution1 say !y1 0 =m$ 9 #afhh-i4   
,meantime x is evid5t to any reflect+   
man t ! revolution simply re-affirm$ !  
pr9ciples develop$ 9 ! /rife betwe5 !   
two great p>ties :i* _h aris5 9 ! reign 
( ,james ,i41 & _h rip5$ & come to issue
 ) ea* o!r 9 ! reign ( 8 son4 ,our      
con/itution 0 n a bir? ( a s+le in/ant1 
z !y w\ld repres5t x1 b a gradual gr[? &
 developm5t ?r\gh a long tract ( "t4 ,9 
p>ticul> ! doctr9e ( ! k+'s vic>i\s     
responsibility 9 ! p]son ( 8 m9i/]s1 :i*
 fir/ gave a sane & salut>y mean+ to !  
doctr9e ( ! k+'s p]sonal                
irresponsibility ',! k+ c d no wrong'1  
arose und5iably betwe5 #afdj & #afdh4   

,?is doctr9e is ! ma9 pill> ( our       
con/itution1 & p]haps ! f9e/ discov]y t 
0 ev] made 9 ! !ory ( gov]nm5t4 ,hi!rto 
! doctr9e t ! ,k+ c d no wrong _h be5   
us$ n to protect ! indisp5sable sanctity
 ( ! k+'s con/itutional "*1 b to protect
 ! wrong4 ,us$ 9 ?is way1 x 0 a maxim ( 
,ori5tal despotism1 & fit only = a      
nation :]e law _h no empire4 ,_m ( !    
illu/ri\s patriots ( ! ,great ,p>liam5t 
saw ?is2 & felt ! necessity ( aboli%+ a 
maxim s fatal to ! j lib]ties ( ! p4 ,b 
"s ( !m fell into ! opposite error (    
suppos+ t ?is abolition c\ld be effect$ 
only by ! direct negation ( x2 _! maxim 
accord+ly 0--',! k+ c d wrong1' i4e4 is 
responsible 9 8 own p]son4 ,9 ?is great 
error ev5 ! illu/ri\s wife ( ,colonel   
,hut*9son p>ticipat$2 #a & accord+ly %e 
taxes ^? ( h] own p>ty :o scrupl$ to    
acc$e to ! new maxim1 & /ill adh]$ to ! 
old "o1 ) unconsci5ti\s deal+4 ,b %e    
misappreh5d$ _! mean+1 & fail$ to see   
:]e !y laid ! emphasis3 ! emphasis 0 n  
laid1 z x 0 by ! royal p>ty1 on ! words 

'c d no wrong'--b on ',! k+3' t is1     
wrong may be done2 & 9 ! k+'s "n2 b x _c
 be ! k+ :o did x ! k+ _c               
con/itutionally be suppos$ ! p]son :o   
did x4 ,by ?is exquisite political      
ref9em5t1 ! old tyrannical maxim 0      
dis>m$ ( its /+2 & ! entire r$ress ( all
 wrong1 s indisp5sable to ! popul>      
lib]ty1 0 br\ght into p]fect            
reconciliation ) ! entire inviolability 
( ! sov]eign1 :i* is no less            
indisp5sable to ! popul> lib]ty4 ,!re is
 moreov] a d\ble wisdom 9 ! new s5se3 = 
n only is "o object ! r$ress ( wrong    
secur$ 9 conjunction ) ano!r object !   
k+'s inviolability hi!rto held          
irreconcilable1-- b ev5 ) a view to !   
fir/ object alone a mu* m effectual     
means is appli$1 because "o :i* leads to
 no s*ism 9 ! /ate1 ?an c\ld h be5      
appli$ by ! blank negation ( ! maxim2   
i4e4 by lodg+ ! responsibility exactly  
:]e ! executive p[] ergo ! p[] ( resi/+ 
?is responsibility 0 lodg$4 ,"h !n is "o
 example 9 illu/ration ( my !sis--t !   

,engli% con/itution 0 9 a great measure 
gradually evolv$ 9 ! conte/ betwe5 !    
diff]5t p>ties 9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,i4   
,n[1 if ?is be s1 x foll[s t =          
con/itutional hi/ory no p]iod is s      
important z t3 & inde$1 ?\gh x is true t
 ! ,revolution is ! great era = !       
con/itutional hi/orian1 because he !re  
fir/ f9ds ! con/itution fully develop$ z
 ! 'bright consummate fl[]1' & :at is   
equally important he !re fir/ f9ds !    
pr9ciples ( our con/itution ratifi$ by a
 compet5t au?ority1--yet1 to trace !    
root & gr[? ( ! con/itution1 ! ?ree     
reigns imm$iately prec$+ are /ill m     
prop]ly ! objects ( 8 /udy4 ,9          
proportion !n z ! reign ( ,*>les ,i4 is 
,important to ! hi/ory ( our            
con/itution1 9 t proportion are ^? to be
 tax$ ) ! mo/ dang]\s ( all possible    
falsifications ( our hi/ory1 :o h       
misrepres5t$ ei!r ! facts or ! pr9ciples
 ( ^? times4 ,n[ ,i affirm t ! cl]gy ( !
 ,*ur* ( ,engl& h be5 9 a p]petual      
conspiracy s9ce ! era ( ! re/oration to 

misrepres5t bo?4 ,z an illu/ration ( :at
 ,i mean ,i ref] to ! common edition (  
,hudibras by ,dr4 ,grey3 = ! pro( ,i    
might ref] to "s ?\s&s ( books4 ,dr4    
,grey's is a disgu/+ case3 = he swall[$ 
) ! mo/ anile cr$ulity e /ory1 ! mo/    
extravagant t ! malice ( ^? times c\ld  
inv5t aga9/ ei!r ! ,presbyt]ians or !   
,indep5d5ts3 & = ?is ,i suppose among/  
o!r de=mities 8 notes 7 des]v$ly        
ridicul$ by ,w>burton4 ,b1 among/       
hundr$s ( illu/rations m respectable ?an
 ,dr4 ,grey's ,i w ref] ! read] to a "w 
( our own days1 ! ,ecclesia/ical        
,biography 9 "p a republication (       
,walton's ,lives edit$ by ! pres5t ma/] 
( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge1 :o is   
held 9 ! highe/ e/eem :]ev] he is kn[n1 
& is ,i am p]suad$ p]fectly consci5ti\s 
& z imp>tial z 9 su* a case x is        
possible = a high *ur*man to be4 ,yet s 
x is t !re is sc>cely "o ( ! notes hav+ 
any political ref]5ce to ! p]iod (      
#afdj-affj1 :i* is n disfigur$ by unju/ 
prejudices3 & ! am\nt ( ! moral :i* !   

le>n$ editor gr\nds ^u ! docum5ts be=e  
him--is ?is1 t ! "y /ud5t is to *]i% !  
deepe/ abhorr5ce & contempt ( all :o _h 
any %>e on ! p>liam5t>y side 9 !        
'confusions' ( ! p]iod f #afdj to #affj3
 t is to say ( m5 to ^: immortal        
ex]tions x 0 ow+ t ! v revolution (     
#afhh1 :i* ,dr4 ,w4 w be ! fir/ to      
applaud1 f\nd u ) any su* /ock (        
political pr9ciples or feel+s z c\ld    
make a b5eficial revolution possible4   
,:]e1 let me ask1 w\ld h be5 ! will+ness
 ( "s ,tories to con/rue ! flight (     
,james ,,ii4 into a virtual act (       
abdication1 or to consid] ev5 ! mo/ =mal
 act ( abdication b9d+ aga9/ ! k+1-_h n 
! great /ruggle ( ,*>les's days         
gradually sub/itut$ 9 ! m9ds ( all      
p>ties a rational v5]ation ( ! k+'s     
(fice = ! old sup]/ition 9 behalf ( !   
k+'s p]son1 :i* w\ld h protect$ him f ! 
effects ( any acts h[ev] solemnly p]=m$ 
:i* affect$ injuri\sly ei!r 8 own       
int]e/s or ! lib]ties ( 8 p4 ,tempora   
mutantur3 nos et mutamur 9 illis4 ,^?   

:om we f9d 9 fi]ce opposition to !      
popul> p>ty ab\t #afdj we f9d /ill 9 !  
same p]sonal opposition fifty ye>s aft]1
 b an opposition re/+ on f> diff]5t     
pr9ciples3 ins5sibly ! pr9ciples ( _!   
antagoni/s _h rea*$ ev5 !m3 & a c\rti] (
 #afhi 0 will+ to conc$e m ?an a patriot
 ( #afcj w\ld h v5tur$ to ask4 ,let me n
 be und]/ood to mean t true patriotism  
is at all m %[n 9 support+ ! rights ( ! 
p ?an ^? ( ! k+3 z soon z bo? are def9$ 
& limit$1 ! la/ are z indisp5sable to ! 
integrity ( ! con/itution--z ! fir/3 &  
popul> fre$om itself w\ld suff] z mu*1  
?\gh indirectly1 f an invasion (        
,caes>'s rights--z by a m direct attack 
on itself4 ,b 9 ! #ag? c5tury ! rights (
 ! p 7 z yet n def9$3 ?r\gh\t t c5tury  
!y 7 gradually def9+ !mselves--&1 z     
happ9ess to all great practical int]e/s1
 def9+ !mselves ?r\gh a c\rse ( fi]ce & 
bloody conte/s4 ,= ! k+ly rights are    
almo/ inevitably c>ri$ too high 9 ages (
 imp]fect civilization3 & ! well-kn[n   
laws ( ,h5ry ! ,sev5?1 by :i* he ei!r   

broke or gradually sapp$ ! p[] ( !      
ari/ocracy1 _h /ill m extravagantly     
exalt$ !m4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is j to look
 ^u democratic or popul> politics z     
id5tical 9 ! #ag? c5tury ) patriotic    
politics4 ,9 lat] p]iods1 ! democrat & !
 patriot h sometimes be5 9 direct       
opposition to ea* o!r3 at t p]iod !y 7  
inevitably 9 conjunction4 ,all ?is1     
h[ev]1 is 9 g5]al ov]look$ by ^? :o ei!r
 write ,engli% hi/ory or comm5t ^u x4   
,mo/ writ]s ( or ^u ,engli% hi/ory      
proce$ ei!r ^u s]vile pr9ciples1 or ^u  
no pr9ciples3 & a good ,_s ( ,engli%    
,hi/ory1 t is1 a hi/ory :i* %\ld ab/ract
 ! t5d5cies & ma9 results z to laws1    
mann]s1 & con/itution f e age ( ,engli% 
hi/ory1 is a "w :i* ,i h>dly hope to see
 execut$4 ,= x w\ld require ! concurr5ce
 ( "s philosophy1 ) a great deal (      
imp>tiality4 ,h[ idly d we say1 9 speak+
 ( ! ev5ts ( our own "t :i* affect our  
p>ty feel+s1--',we /& too ne> to ^!     
ev5ts = an imp>tial e/imate3 we mu/     
leave !m to ! judgm5t ( po/]ity6' ,= x  

is a fact t ( ! _m books ( memoirs      
writt5 by p]sons :o 7 n m]ely           
contempor>y ) ! great civil w>1 b actors
 & ev5 lead]s 9 its pr9cipal sc5es--!re 
is h>dly "o :i* does n exhibit a m      
imp>tial picture ( t great drama ?an !  
hi/ories writt5 at 8 day4 ,! hi/orian ( 
,pop]y does n display half s mu*        
zealotry & passionate prejudice 9 speak+
 ( ! _m ev5ts :i* h affect$ ! p[] &     
spl5dor ( ! ,papal ,see = ! la/ ?irty   
ye>s1 & "u 8 own eyes1 z he does :5     
speak+ ( a re=m] :o liv$ ?ree c5turies  
ago--( a translator ( ! ,bible into a   
v]nacul> tongue :o liv$ ne>ly five      
c5turies ago--( an ,anti-pope--( a      
,*>lemagne or a ,gregory ! ,great /ill  
fur!r remov$ f himself4 ,! rec5t ev5ts  
he looks ^u z accid5tal & uness5tial3 b 
9 ! great enemies1 or great f\nd]s ( !  
,romi% temporal p[]1 & 9 ! hi/ory ( _!  
actions & _! motives1 he feels t ! :ole 
pr9ciple ( ! ,romi% cause & its         
pret5sions are at /ake4 ,pretty mu* "u !
 same feel+ h mod]n writ]s writt5 ) a   

rancor\s p>ty _s ( ! political /ruggles 
9 ! #ag? c5tury3 "h !y fancy t !y c     
detect ! incunabula ( ! revolution>y _s3
 "h "s h be5 s %>psight$ z to read !    
features ( pure jacob9ism3 & o!rs #b h  
gone s f> z to ass]t t all ! atrocities 
( ! ,fr5* revolution _h _! direct       
p>allelisms 9 acts done or c\nt5anc$ by 
! virtu\s & augu/ ,s5ate ( ,engl& 9     
#afdj6 ,/range di/ortion ( ! und]/&+ :i*
 c ?us f9d a bro!rly resemblance betwe5 
two great hi/orical ev5ts1 :i* ( all t  
ev] 7 put on record /& (f f ea* o!r 9   
mo/ irreconcilable enmity3 ! "o         
orig9at+1 z ,mr4 ,col]idge has obs]v$1 9
 excess ( pr9ciple2 ! o!r 9 ! utt]      
defect ( all moral pr9ciple :atev]2 & ! 
progress ( ea* be+ answ]able to its     
orig96 ,yet s x is4 ,& n a memoir-writ] 
( t age is repr9t$ 9 ?is1 b we h a      
preface f "s r$-hot ,anti- jacob9 w>n+ u
 ) mu* vapid common-place f ! mis*iefs &
 ev5tual an>*y ( too ra% a _s ( re=m z  
display$ 9 ! ,fr5* revolution--n by !   
example ( t ,fr5* revolution1 b by t (  

our own 9 ! age ( ,*>les ,i4 ,! foll[+  
passage f ! ,introduction to ,sir       
,william ,wall]'s ,v9dication publi%$ 9 
#agic1 may s]ve z a fair in/ance3 ',he' 
7,sir ,w4 ,wall]7 '01 inde$1 at l5g?    
s5sible ( ! mis]y :i* he _h contribut$  
to br+ on 8 c\ntry2' 7by ! way1 x is a  
suspici\s circum/ance--t ,sir ,william  
#c fir/ became s5sible t 8 c\ntry 0     
mis]able1 :5 he became s5sible t he     
himself 0 n likely to be aga9 employ$2 &
 became fully conv9c$ ( x1 :5 8 p>ty lo/
 _! asc5dancy37 'he 0 conv9c$1 by fatal 
exp]i5ce1 t an>*y 0 a bad /ep t[>ds a   
p]fect gov]nm5t2 t ! subv]sion ( e      
e/abli%m5t 0 no safe f\ndation = a      
p]man5t & regul> con/itution3 he f\nd t 
pret5ces ( re=m 7 held up by ! design+  
to dazzle ! eyes ( ! unw>y1 c42 he f\nd 
9 %ort t re=mation1 by popul>           
insurrection1 mu/ end 9 ! de/ruction &  
_c t5d to ! =mation ( a regul>          
,gov]nm5t4' ,aft] a good deal m ( ?is   
well-mean+ cant1 ! ,introduction        
concludes ) ! foll[+ s5t5ce3--! writ] is

 address+ ! re=m]s ( #agic1 among/      
:om--'bo? lead]s & foll[]s1' he says1   
'may toge!r reflect--t1 ^u speculative &
 vision>y re=m]s1' 7i4e4 ^? ( #afdj7 '! 
sev]e/ puni%m5t :i* ,god 9 8 v5geance   
ev] yet inflict$--0 to curse !m ) !     
complete gratification ( _! own         
inord9ate desires4' ,i quote ?is        
passage--n z conta9+ any ?+ s+ul>1 b = !
 v reason t x is n s+ul>3 x expresses 9 
fact ! univ]sal op9ion3 not)/&+ :i* ,i  
am happy to say t x is false4 ,:at      
'complete gratification ( _! own        
desires' 0 ev] grant$ to ! 're=m]s' 9   
"q8 ,on ! contr>y1 x is well kn[n 7& no 
book illu/rates t p>ticul> fact s well z
 ,sir ,william ,wall]'s7 t z e>ly z     
#afdg ! army _h too effectually subv]t$ 
! j relations betwe5 itself &           
p>liam5t--n to h sugge/$ fe>ful         
anticipations to all disc]n+ patriots ( 
t unhappy issue :i* did 9 reality blight
 _! prospects4 ,&1 :5 ,i speak ( an     
'unhappy issue1' ,i w\ld be und]/ood    
only ( ! imm$iate issue3 = ! remote     

issue 0--! revolution ( #afhh1 z ,i h   
already ass]t$4 ,nei!r is x true t ev5 !
 imm$iate issue 0 'unhappy' to any ext5t
 :i* c ju/ify ! ord9>y language 9 :i* x 
is describ$4 ,"h aga9 is a _w (         
delusions4 ,we he> ( 'an>*y1' (         
'confusions1' ( 'proscriptions1' (      
'bloody & f]oci\s tyranny4' ,all is     
romance2 !re 0 no an>*y2 no confusions2 
no proscriptions2 no tyranny 9 ! s5se   
design$4 ,! seque/rations1 =feitures1 & 
puni%m5ts ( all sorts :i* 7 inflict$ by 
! conqu]+ p>ty on _! antagoni/s--w5t on 
by due c\rse ( law2 & ! summ>y ju/ice ( 
c\rts m>tial 0 n resort$ to 9 ,engl&3   
except = ! %ort t]m ( ! two w>s1 & !    
brief int]m$iate campaign ( #afdh1 !    
c\ntry 0 9 a v tranquil /ate4 ,nobody 0 
puni%$ )\t an op5 trial2 & all trials   
proce$$ 9 ! regul> c\rse1 accord+ to !  
anci5t =ms1 & 9 ! regul> c\rts ( ju/ice4
 ,& z to 'tyranny1' :i* is meant *iefly 
( ! acts ( ,cromwell's gov]nm5t1 x %\ld 
be rememb]$ t ! ,protectorate la/$ n a  
qu>t] ( ! p]iod 9 "q 7#afdj-affj72 a    

fact :i* is con/antly =gott5 ev5 by v   
em95t writ]s1 :o speak z ?\gh ,cromwell 
_h drawn 8 sword 9 ,janu>y #afdi--;cut  
(f ! k+'s head-- in/antly m\nt$ 8       
?rone--& cont9u$ to play ! tyrant = !   
:ole rema9+ p]iod ( 8 life 7ne>ly t5    
ye>s74 ,secondly1 z to ! k9d ( tyranny  
:i* ,cromwell ex]cis$1 ! misconception  
is ludicr\s3 cont95tal writ]s h a       
notion1 well ju/ifi$ by ! language (    
,engli% writ]s1 t ,cromwell 0 a f]oci\s 
savage :o built 8 palace ( human skulls 
& desolat$ 8 c\ntry4 ,meantime1 he 0    
simply a /rong-m9d$--r\gh-built         
,engli%man1 ) a "* ?or\ghly ,engli%1 &  
exce$+ly good-natur$4 ,gray valu$       
himself ^u 8 critical k ( ,engli%       
hi/ory3 yet h[ ?\ghtlessly does he      
express ! ab/ract ( ,cromwell's life 9 !
 l9e on ! village ,cromwell--',"s       
,cromwell1 guiltless ( 8 c\ntry's       
blood6' ,h[ 0 ,cromwell guilty ( 8      
c\ntry's blood8 ,:at blood did he cause 
to be %$8 ,a great deal 0 %$ no d\bt 9 !
 w>s 7?\gh less1 by ! way1 ?an is       

imag9$73 b 9 ^? ,cromwell 0 b a s]vant (
 ! p>liam5t3 & no "o w allege t he _h   
any h& 9 caus+ a s+le w>4 ,aft] he      
atta9$ ! sov]eign p[]1 no m dome/ic w>s 
arose3 & z to a few p]sons :o 7 execut$ 
= plots & conspiracies aga9/ 8 p]son1 !y
 7 condemn$ ^u evid5ce op5ly giv5 & by  
due c\rse ( law4 ,) respect to ! g5]al  
"* ( 8 gov]nm5t1 x is evid5t t 9 !      
unsettl$ & revolution>y /ate ( ?+s :i*  
foll[s a civil w> "s critical cases w   
arise to dem& an occasional 'vigor      
beyond ! law'--su* z ! ,roman gov]nm5t  
all[$ ( 9 ! dictatorial p[]4 ,b 9 g5]al1
 ,cromwell's gov]nm5t 0 limit$ by law3 &
 no reign 9 t c5tury1 prior to !        
revolution1 furni%es few] in/ances (    
attempts to tamp] ) ! laws --to ov]rule 
!m--to twi/ !m to private               
int]pretations--or to disp5se ) !m4 ,z  
to 8 major-g5]als ( c\nties1 :o figure 9
 mo/ hi/ories ( ,engl& z s _m ,ali      
,pa*as t impal$ a few prison]s e morn+  
be=e breakfa/--or r z s _m ogres t ate  
up good ,*ri/ian m51 wom5 & *ildr5      

alive1 !y 7 disagreeable p :o 7 dislik$ 
mu* 9 ! same way z our commission]s ( ! 
income-tax 7 dislik$ 9 ! memory ( u all2
 & he>tily !y w\ld h laugh$ at !        
romantic & bloody masqu]ade 9 :i* !y are
 made to figure 9 ! ,engli% hi/ories4   
,:at !n 0 ! 'tyranny' ( ,cromwell's     
gov]nm5t1 :i* is confess$ly compla9$ (  
ev5 9 ^? days8 ,! ^w 'tyranny' 0 !n     
appli$ n s mu* to ! mode 9 :i* 8 p[] 0  
adm9i/]$ 7except by ! prejudic$7--z to  
its orig94 ,h[ev] m]cifully a man may   
reign1--yet1 if he h no "r to reign at  
all1 we may 9 "o s5se call him a tyrant2
 8 p[] n be+ ju/ly d]iv$1 & re/+ ^u an  
unlawful 7i4e4 a milit>y7 basis4 ,z a   
usurp]1 & "o :o _h div]t$ ! curr5t ( a  
gr& national movem5t to selfi% & p]sonal
 objects1 ,cromwell 0 & w be call$ a    
tyrant2 b n 9 ! m obvi\s s5se ( ! ^w4   
,su* are ! mislead+ /atem5ts :i*        
disfigure ! ,hi/ory ( ,engl& 9 its mo/  
important *apt]4 ,!y mislead by m ?an a 
simple error ( fact3 ^?1 :i* ,i h notic$
 la/1 involve a moral ana*ronism2 = !y  

convey images ( cruelty & b>b>ism su* z 
c\ld n co-exi/ ) ! national civilization
 at t "t2 & :osoev] has n correct$ ?is  
false picture by an acqua9tance ) !     
,engli% lit]ature ( t age1 mu/          
necess>ily image to himself a /ate (    
society z rude & uncultur$ z t :i*      
prevail$ dur+ ! w>s ( ,york &           
,lanca/]--i4e4 ab\t two c5turies e>li]4 
,b ^?1 ) :i* ,i introduc$ ?is article1  
are /ill worse2 because !y involve an   
errone\s view ( con/itutional hi/ory1 & 
a mo/ compreh5sive act ( +ratitude3 !   
great m5 ( ! ,long ,p>liam5t paid a     
heavy price = _! ef=ts to pur*ase = _!  
desc5dants a b>ri] to irresponsible p[] 
& security f ! an>*y ( undef9$ regal    
pr]ogative3 9 ^! ef=ts mo/ ( !m made    
%ipwreck ( _! own tranquillity & peace2 
t su* sacrifices 7 made unavail+ly 7z x 
mu/ h seem$ to !mselves71 & t few ( !m  
liv$ to see ! 'good old cause' f9ally   
triumphant1 does n cancel _! claims ^u  
our gratitude--b r /r5g!n !m by ! degree
 9 :i* x aggravat$ ! difficulty ( be>+  

su* sacrifices ) pati5ce4 ,b :5ce come  
^! falsifications ( hi/ory8 ,i believe1 
f two causes2 fir/ 7z ,i h already said7
 f ! errone\s tone impress$ ^u !        
national hi/ory by ! irritat$ _s ( !    
cl]gy ( ! e/abli%$ *ur*3 to ! religi\s  
zealotry ( ^? times--! *ur* 0 ! object (
 especial attack2 & its memb]s 7        
naturally expos$ to heavy suff]+s3 h5ce 
_! successors are indispos$ to f9d my   
good 9 a cause :i* c\ld lead to su* a   
result4 ,x is _! manife/ "r to sympa?ize
 ) _! own ord] 9 t day2 & 9 su* a case x
 is almo/ _! duty to be incapable ( an  
entire imp>tiality4 ,meantime !y h c>ri$
 ?is mu* too f>3 ! lit]ature ( ,engl&   
mu/ always be 9 a consid]able proportion
 lodg$ 9 _! h&s2 & ! ext5sive means ?us 
plac$ at _! disposal = injuri\sly color+
 t important "p ( hi/ory !y h us$ ) no  
mode/y or =be>ance4 ,!re is n a page ( !
 national hi/ory ev5 9 its local        
subdivisions :i* !y h n /a9$ ) !        
atrabili\s hue ( _! w\nd$ remembrances3 
h>dly a t[n 9 ,engl&1 :i* /ood a siege =

 ! k+ or ! p>liam5t1 b has "s pr9t$     
memorial ( its con/ancy & its suff]+s2 &
 9 n9e cases out ( t5 ! editor is a     
cl]gyman ( ! e/abli%$ *ur*1 :o has      
contriv$ to deep5 '! sorr[ ( ! "t' by ! 
h>%ness ( 8 comm5t>y4 ,surely x is high 
"t t ! w\nds ( ! #ag? c5tury %\ld close2
 t hi/ory %\ld take a m comm&+ &        
philosophic /ation2 & t bro!rly *>ity   
%\ld n[ lead u to a san] view (         
con/itutional politics2 or a san] view (
 politics to a m compreh5sive *>ity4 ,! 
o!r cause ( ?is falsification spr+s out 
( a selfi%ness :i* has less claim to any
 indulg5ce--viz4 ! timidity ) :i* !     
,engli% ,:igs ( =m] days & ! p>ty to :om
 ,!y #d succe$$1 con/antly %rank f      
ackn[l$g+ any alliance ) ! great m5 ( ! 
,long ,p>liam5t "u ! n]v\s horror ( be+ 
conf\nd$ ) ! regicides ( #afdi4 ,x 0 (  
su* urg5t importance to !m1 = any comm& 
ov] ! public support1 t !y %\ld acquit  
!mselves ( an s5tim5t ( lurk+ tol]ation 
= regicide1 ) :i* _! enemies nev] fail$ 
to load !m1 t no mode ( abjur+ x seem$  

suffici5tly emphatic to !m h5ce x 0 t   
,addison1 ) a view to ! int]e/ ( 8 p>ty1
 ?\ght fit :5 9 ,switz]l&1 to (f] a puny
 insult to ! memory ( ,g5]al ,ludl[2    
h5ce x is t ev5 9 our own days1 no      
writ]s h insult$ ,milton ) s mu*        
bitt]ness & %ameless irrev]5ce z !      
,:igs2 ?\gh x is true t "s few ,:igs1 m 
h[ev] 9 _! lit]>y ?an 9 _! political "*1
 h /epp$ =w>d 9 8 v9dication4 ,at ?is   
mom5t ,i recollect a passage 9 ! writ+s 
( a mod]n ,:ig bi%op--9 :i*1 = ! sake ( 
creat+ a *>ge ( falsehood aga9/ ,milton1
 ! au?or has grossly mis-translat$ a    
passage 9 ! ,def5sio pro ,pop4          
,anglicano3 &1 if t bi%op 7 n dead1 ,i  
w\ld "h take ! lib]ty ( rapp+ 8         
knuckles--7 x only = break+ ,priscian's 
head4 ,to return ov] to ! cl]ical feud  
aga9/ ! ,long ,p>liam5t1--x 0 a passage 
9 a v pleas+ "w ( ?is day               
7,ecclesia/ical ,biography7 :i* sugge/$ 
to me ! :ole ( :at ,i h n[ writt54 ,its 
le>n$ editor1 :o is incapable ( unc&id  
feel+s except 9 :at conc]ns ! int]e/s ( 

8 ord]1 has adopt$ ! usual tone 9 reg>d 
to ! m5 ( #afdj ?r\gh\t 8 o!rwise       
valuable annotations3 & some:]e or o!r  
79 ! ,life ( ,hammond1 accord+ to my    
remembrance7 he has made a /atem5t to   
?is effect--,t ! cu/om preval5t among   
*ildr5 9 t age ( ask+ _! p>5ts' bless+ 0
 probably fir/ br\ght into disuse by !  
,puritans4 ,is x possible to imag9e a   
p]v]sity ( prejudice m unreasonable8 ,! 
unamiable side ( ! patriotic "* 9 !     
sev5te5? c5tury 0 unque/ionably its     
religi\s bigotry2 :i*1 h[ev]1 _h its    
gr\nd 9 a real f]vor ( religi\s feel+ & 
a real /r5g? ( religi\s pr9ciple some:at
 exce$+ ! ord9>y /&>d ( ! #ai? c5tury4  
,b1 h[ev] palliat$1 _! bigotry is n to  
be d5i$2 x 0 (t5 (f5sive f its excess2 &
 ludicr\s 9 its direction4 ,_m h>mless  
cu/oms1 _m c]emonies & rituals t _h a   
high positive value1 _! frantic         
intol]ance qu>rell$ )3 & = my "p ,i     
he>tily jo9 9 ! s5tim5t ( ,*>les        
,,ii4--apply+ x z he did1 b a good deal 
m ext5sively1 t _! religion '0 n a      

religion = a g5tleman3' inde$ all       
sect>ianism1 b especially t :i* has a   
mod]n orig9-- aris+ & gr[+ up )9 our own
 memories1 unsupport$ by a gr&          
traditional hi/ory (                    
p]secutions--conflicts--& m>tyrdoms1    
lurk+ moreov] 9 bl9d alleys1 holes1     
corn]s1 & tab]nacles1 mu/ appe> spuri\s 
& mean 9 ! eyes ( him :o has be5 br$ up 
9 ! gr& classic =ms ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&  
or ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,b1 because !       
bigotry ( ! ,puritans 0 excessive &     
revolt+1 is t a reason = fa/5+ ^u !m all
 ! /ray evils ( omission or commission =
 :i* no di/9ct fa!rs c be f\nd8 ,! le>n$
 editor does n pret5d t !re is any      
positive evid5ce1 or presumption ev51 = 
imput+ to ! ,puritans a dislike to !    
cu/om 9 "q3 b1 because he ?9ks x a good 
cu/om1 8 inf]5ce is t nobody c\ld h     
aboli%$ x b ! ,puritans4 ,n[ :o does n  
see t1 if ?is _h be5 among/ ! usages    
disc\nt5anc$ by ! ,puritans1 x w\ld on t
 acc\nt h be5 ! m p]t9aci\sly ma9ta9$ by
 _! enemies 9 *ur* & /ate8 ,or1 ev5 if  

?is usage 7 ( a nature to be prohibit$  
by au?ority1 z ! public use ( !         
liturgy--organs--surplices1 c41 :o does 
n see t ) reg>d to t z well z to o!r    
,puritanical innovations !re w\ld h be5 
a reflux ( zeal 9 ! re/oration ( ! k+   
:i* w\ld h e/abli%$ !m 9 m /r5g? ?an    
ev]8 ,b x is evid5t to ! unprejudic$ t !
 usage 9 "q gradually w5t out 9         
submission to ! alt]$ _s ( ! times4 ,x 0
 "o feature ( a g5]al sy/em ( mann]s1   
fitt$ by its piety & simplicity = a pi\s
 & simple age1 & :i* !re=e ev5 ! #ag?   
c5tury _h already outgr[n4 ,x is n to be
 inf]r$ t filial affection & rev]5ce h  
decay$ among/ u1 because !y no long]    
express !mselves 9 ! same way4 ,9 an age
 ( imp]fect culture1 all passions &     
emotions are 9 a m elem5t>y /ate--'speak
 a pla9] language'--& express !mselves  
ext]nally3 9 su* an age ! frame &       
con/itution ( society is m picturesque2 
! modes ( life re/ m undisguis$ly ^u !  
basis ( ! absolute & orig9al relation ( 
?+s3 ! son is consid]$ 9 8 son%ip1 !    

fa!r 9 8 fa!rhood3 & ! mann]s take an   
appropriate color+4 ,up to ! middle ( ! 
#ag? c5tury !re 7 _m families 9 :i* !   
*ildr5 nev] presum$ to sit d[n 9 _!     
p>5ts' pres5ce4 ,b ) u1 9 an age ( m    
complete intellectual culture1 a ?ick   
disguise is spread ov] ! nak$ f\ndations
 ( human life2 & ! in/9cts ( good ta/e  
bani% f good company ! expression ( all 
! pr(\nd] emotions4 ,a son !re=e1 :o    
%\ld kneel d[n 9 ?is age to ask 8 papa's
 bless+ on leav+ t[n = ,brighton or     
,ba?--w\ld be felt by himself to be mak+
 a !atrical display ( filial duty1 su* z
 w\ld be pa9ful to him 9 proportion z 8 
feel+s 7 s9c]e4 ,all ?is w\ld h be5     
evid5t to ! le>n$ editor 9 any case b "o
 :i* reg>d$ ! ,puritans3 !y 7 at any    
rate to be mole/$3 9 default ( any grav]
 matt]1 a m]e fanciful grievance is     
se>*$ out4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 no?+ 0 effect$2
 fanciful or real1 ! grievance mu/ be   
connect$ ) ! ,puritans3 "h lies ! (f5ce1
 !re lies ! ,puritans3 x w\ld be v      
agreeable to f9d "s means ( connect+ !  

"o ) ! o!r3 b h[ %all ?is be done8 ,:y1 
9 default ( all o!r means1 ! le>n$      
editor assumes ! connection4 ,he leaves 
! read] ) an impression t ! ,puritans   
are *>geable ) a s]i\s w\nd to ! mann]s 
( ! nation 9 a po9t affect+ ! mo/ awful 
( ! h\sehold *>ities3 & he fails to     
p]ceive t = ?is :ole *>ge 8 sole gr\nd  
is-- t x w\ld be v agreeable to him if  
he _h a gr\nd4 ,su* is ! p[] ( ! esprit 
de corps to palliate & recomm5d z       
colorable ! v weake/ logic to a man (   
ackn[l$g$ le>n+ & tal5t6--,9 conclusion 
,i mu/ aga9 disclaim any want ( v5]ation
 & entire affection = ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*3
 ! v prejudices & inju/ice1 ) :i* ,i tax
 ! ,engli% cl]gy1 h a g5]\s orig93 b x  
is "r to po9t ! att5tion ( hi/orical    
/ud5ts to _! /r5g? & ! effect :i* !y h  
_h4 ,!y h be5 indulg$ to excess2 !y h   
disfigur$ ! gr&e/ page 9 ,engli% hi/ory2
 !y h hid ! true desc5t & tradition (   
our con/itutional hi/ory2 &1 by impress+
 ^u ! lit]ature ( ! c\ntry a false      
conception ( ! patriotic p>ty 9 & out ( 

,p>liam5t1 !y h /ood 9 ! way ( a great  
"w1--a "w :i*1 accord+ to my ideal ( x1 
w\ld be ! mo/ useful t c\ld j n[ be     
d$icat$ to ! ,engli% public--viz4 a     
philosophic record ( ! revolutions (    
,engli% ,hi/ory4 ,! ,engli%             
,con/itution1 z proclaim$ & ratifi$ 9   
#afhh-i1 is 9 its k9d1 ! noble/ "w ( !  
human m9d work+ 9 conjunction ) ,"t1 &  
:at 9 su* a case we may all[ably call   
,provid5ce4 ,( ?is *ef d'oeuvre ( human 
wisdom x 7 desirable t we %\ld h a      
proportionable hi/ory3 = su* a hi/ory ! 
great positive qualification w\ld be a  
philosophic m9d3 ! great negative       
qualification w\ld be ?is :i* to !      
e/abli%$ cl]gy may n[ be recomm5d$ z a  
fit subject = _! magnanimity2 viz4      
complete conque/ ov] ^? prejudices :i* h
 hi!rto discolor$ ! greate/ era (       
patriotic virtue by contemplat+ ! great 
m5 ( t era "u _! lea/ happy             
aspect--namely1 9 relation to !         
,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4  ,n[ t ,i am on !      
subject ( ,engli% ,hi/ory1 ,i w notice  

"o ( ! ?\s& mis-/atem5ts ( ,hume's :i*  
becomes a memorable "o f ! /ress :i* he 
has laid ^u x1 & f ! mann] & situation 9
 :i* he has introduc$ x4 ,/&+ 9 ! curr5t
 ( a n>rative1 x w\ld h m]it$ a sil5t   
correction 9 an unpret5d+ note3 b x     
occupies a mu* m assum+ /ation2 = x is  
introduc$ 9 a philosophical essay2 & be+
 reli$ on = a p>ticul> purpose ) ! mo/  
unqualifi$ confid5ce1 & be+ alleg$ 9    
opposition to ! v highe/ au?ority viz4 !
 au?ority ( an em95t p]son contempor>y )
 ! fact x mu/ be look$ on z involv+ a   
p]emptory defiance to all succe$+       
critics :o might hesitate betwe5 !      
au?ority ( ,mr4 ,hume at ! di/ance ( a  
c5tury f ! facts & ,sir ,william ,temple
 speak+ to !m z a matt] )9 8 p]sonal    
recollections4 ,sir ,william ,temple _h 
repres5t$ himself z urg+ 9 a conv]sation
 ) ,*>les ,,ii41 ! hopelessness ( any   
attempt on ! "p ( an ,engli% k+ to make 
himself a despotic & absolute mon>*1    
except inde$ ?r\gh ! affections ( 8 p4  
#e ,?is g5]al !sis he _h support$ by a  

v>iety ( argum5ts2 &1 among/ ! re/1 he  
_h describ$ himself z urg+ ?is--t ev5   
,cromwell _h be5 unable to e/abli%      
himself 9 unlimit$ p[]1 ?\gh support$ by
 a milit>y =ce ( eighty ?\s& m54 ,^u ?is
 ,hume calls ! read]'s att5tion to !    
extreme improbability :i* !re mu/ be=eh&
 appe> to be 9 suppos+ t ,sir ,w4       
,temple1--speak+ ( s rec5t a case1 ) s  
mu* (ficial k ( t case at 8 comm&1      
uncontradict$ moreov] by ! k+ ^: side 9 
! argum5t gave him an int]e/ 9          
contradict+ ,sir ,william's /atem5t1 &  
^: means ( in=mation 7 p>am\nt to ^? (  
all o!rs1--c\ld "u ^! circum/ances be   
mi/ak54 ,d\btless1 ! read] w reply to   
,mr4 ,hume1 ! improbability is extreme1 
& sc>cely to be invalidat$ by any       
possible au?ority--:i*1 at be/1 mu/     
t]m9ate 9 leav+ an equilibrium ( oppos+ 
evid5ce4 ,& yet1 says ,mr4 ,hume1 ,sir  
,william 0 unque/ionably wrong1 &       
grossly wrong3 ,cromwell nev] _h an army
 at all approa*+ to ! numb] ( eighty    
?\s&4 ,n[ "h is a suffici5t pro( t ,hume

 _h nev] read ,"l ,cl>5don's acc\nt ( 8 
own life3 ?is book is n s common z 8    
',hi/ory ( ! ,rebellion2' & ,hume _h    
ei!r n met ) x1 or _h neglect$ x4 ,=1 9 
! e>ly "p ( ?is "w1 ,"l ,cl>5don1 speak+
 ( ! army :i* 0 assembl$ on ,blackhea?  
to welcome ! return ( ,*>les ,,ii41 says
 t x am\nt$ to fifty ?\s& m53 &1 :5 x is
 rememb]$ t ?is army 0 exclusive ( !    
troops 9 g>rison--( ! =ces left by ,monk
 9 ! ,nor?--& above all ( ! entire army 
9 ,irel&1--x _c be d\bt$ t ! :ole w\ld  
am\nt to ! numb] /at$ by ,sir ,william  
,temple4 ,inde$ ,*>les ,,ii4 himself1 9 
! ye> #afgh i4e4 ab\t f\r ye>s aft] ?is 
conv]sation z ,sir ,w4 ,temple else:]e  
tells u1 '9 six weeks' "t rais$ an army 
( tw5ty ?\s& m51 ! complete/--& 9 all   
appe>ance ! brave/ troops t c\ld be any 
:]e se51 & might h rais$ _m m2 & x 0    
confess$ by all ! ,=eign ,m9i/]s t no k+
 9 ,*ri/5dom c\ld h made & complet$ su* 
a levy z ?is appe>$ 9 su* a "t4'        
,william ,,iii4 aga91 ab\t elev5 ye>s   
aft]w>ds1 rais$ tw5ty- ?ree regim5ts ) !

 same ease & 9 ! same space ( six weeks4
 ,x may be object$ inde$ to su* cases1 z
 9 fact x 0 object$ to ! case ( ,william
 ,,iii4 by ,h[lett 9 8 s5sible          
,exam9ation ( ,dr4 ,price's ,essay on ! 
,population ( ,engl&1 t1 9 an age :5    
manufactures 7 s little ext5d$1 x c\ld  
ev] h be5 difficult to make su* a levy (
 m5--provid$ !re 7 funds = pay+ &       
equipp+ !m4 ,b1 consid]+ ! extraord9>y  
funds :i* 7 disposable = ?is purpose 9  
,irel&1 c4 dur+ ! p]iod ( ,cromwell's   
,protectorate1 we may v safely all[ !   
comb9$ au?ority ( ,sir ,william         
,temple--( ! k+--& ( t v prime m9i/] :o 
disb&$ ,cromwell's army1 to outweigh !  
s+le au?ority ( ,hume at ! di/ance ( a  
c5tury f ! facts4 ,^u any "q ( fact1    
inde$1 ,hume's au?ority is none at all4 
,,footnotes4  #a ,?is is rem>k$ by h]   
editor & desc5dant ,julius ,hut*9son1 :o
 adds "s words to ?is effect--'t if !   
patriot ( t day 7 ! inv5tors ( ! maxim  
,! k+ c d no wrong1 we are mu* indebt$  
to !m4' ,! patriots c]ta9ly did n inv5t 

! maxim1 = !y f\nd x already curr5t3 b  
!y gave x its new & con/itutional s5se4 
,i ref] to ! book1 h[ev]1 z ,i d to     
almo/ all books 9 ^! notes1 f memory2   
writ+ mo/ ( !m 9 situations :]e ,i h no 
access to books4 ,by ! way1 ,*>les ,i41 
:o us$ ! maxim 9 ! mo/ odi\s s5se1      
furni%$ ! mo/ colorable excuse = 8 own  
execution4 ,he con/antly ma9ta9$ !      
irresponsibility ( 8 m9i/]s3 b1 if t 7  
conc$$1 x w\ld !n foll[ t ! k+ mu/ be   
made responsible 9 8 own p]son3--& t    
con/ruction l$ ( necessity to 8 trial & 
dea?4  #b ,among/ ^! ,mr4 ,d',israeli 9 
"o ( ! latt] volumes ( 8 ',curiosities (
 ,lit]ature' has d$icat$ a *apt] or s to
 a =mal pro( ( ?is proposition4 ,a read]
 :o is famili> ) ! hi/ory ( t age comes 
to ! *apt] ) a previ\s indignation1 kn[+
 :at sort ( pro( he has to expect4 ,?is 
indignation is n likely to be mitigat$  
by :at he w !re f9d4 ,because "s "o     
madman1 fool1 or sc\ndrel makes a       
mon/r\s proposal--:i* dies ( itself     
unsupport$1 & is 9 viol5t contra/ to all

 ! acts & ! temp] ( ^? times1 --?is is  
to sully ! "* ( ! p>liam5t & ?ree-f\r?s 
( ! p ( ,engl&4 ,if ?is proposal _h gr[n
 out ( ! _s ( ! age1 t _s w\ld h produc$
 _m m proposals ( ! same "* & acts      
correspond+ to !m4 ,yet ^u ?is "o       
infam\s proposal1 & two or ?ree sc&al\s 
anecdotes f ! libels ( ! day1 does !    
:ole onus ( ,mr4 ,d',israeli's p>allel  
dep5d4 ,tantamne rem tam neglig5t]8--9 !
 g5]al "* ( an ,engli%man ,i h a "r to  
compla9 t s heavy an attack ^u ! honor (
 ,engl& & h] mo/ virtu\s patriots 9 h]  
mo/ virtu\s age %\ld be made ) s mu*    
levity3 a *>ge s solemn 9 its matt] %\ld
 h be5 prosecut$ ) a proportionate      
solemnity ( mann]4 ,mr4 ,d',israeli     
ref]s ) j applause to ! op9ions ( ,mr4  
,col]idge3 ,i wi% t he w\ld h all[$ a   
little m weight to ! /rik+ passage 9 :i*
 t g5tleman contra/s ! ,fr5* revolution 
) ! ,engli% revolution ( #afdj-h4       
,h[ev]1 ! g5]al tone ( honor & upright  
pr9ciple1 :i* m>ks ,mr4 ,d',israeli's'  
"w1 enc\rages me & o!rs to hope t he w  

cancel ! *apt]--& n p]si/ 9 w\nd+ !     
honor ( a great p = ! sake ( a          
p>allelism1 :i*--ev5 if x 7 true--is a  
?\s& times too slight & feebly support$ 
to satisfy ! mo/ accommodat+ read]4  #c 
,sir ,william & 8 c\s9 ,sir ,h>dress    
,wall]1 7 bo? rem>kable m54 ,sir        
,h>dress _h no consci5ce at all2 ,sir   
,william a v scrupul\s "o2 :i*1 h[ev]1  
he 0 = ev] tamp]+ )--& g5]ally succe$$ 9
 r$uc+ into compliance ) 8 imm$iate     
int]e/4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 an accompli%$     
g5tleman3 & z a man ( tal5ts wor?y ( !  
highe/ admiration4  #d ,until aft] ! ye>
 #afhh1 ,i d n rememb] ev] to h f\nd !  
t]m ,:ig appli$ except to ! religi\s    
*>act]i/ics ( t p>ty3 :atev] ref]5ce x  
might h to _! political di/9ctions 0    
only second>y & by implication4  #e ,sir
 ,william _h quot$ to ,*>les a say+ f   
,g\rville 7a ,fr5*man :om ! k+ e/eem$1 &
 :om ,sir ,william himself consid]$ !   
only =eign] he _h ev] kn[n t und]/ood   
,engl&7 to ?is effect3 ',t a k+ ( ,engl&
 :o w be ! man ( 8 p1 is ! greate/ k+ 9 

! _w2 b1 if he w be some?+ m1 by ,g-- he
 is no?+ at all4'     ,a ,,p]ipatetic   
,,philosoph]4   ,he 0 a man ( v         
extraord9>y g5ius4 ,he has g5]ally be5  
treat$ by ^? :o h spok5 ( him 9 pr9t z a
 madman4 ,b ?is is a mi/ake & mu/ h be5 
f\nd$ *iefly on ! titles ( 8 books4 ,he 
0 a man ( f]vid m9d & ( sublime         
aspirations3 b he 0 no madman2 or1 if he
 01 !n ,i say t x is s f> desirable to  
be a madman4 ,9 #agih or #agii1 :5 ,i   
mu/ h be5 ab\t ?irte5 ye>s old1 ,walk+  
,/ew>t 0 9 ,ba?--:]e my family at t "t  
resid$4 ,he frequ5t$ ! pump-room1 & ,i  
believe all public places--walk+ up &   
d[n1 & disp]s+ 8 philosophic op9ions to 
! "r & ! left1 l a ,grecian philosoph]4 
,! fir/ "t ,i saw him 0 at a conc]t 9 ! 
,upp] ,rooms2 he 0 po9t$ out to me by "o
 ( my p>ty z a v ecc5tric man :o _h     
walk$ ov] ! habitable globe4 ,i rememb] 
t ,madame ,m>a 0 at t mom5t s++3 &      
,walk+ ,/ew>t1 :o 0 a true lov] ( music 
7z ,i aft]w>ds came to "k71 0 hang+ ^u  
h] notes l a bee ^u a jessam9e fl[]4 ,8 

c\nt5ance 0 /rik+1 & express$ ! union ( 
b5ignity ) philosophic habits ( ?\ght4  
,9 su* heal? _h 8 p$e/rian ex]cises     
pres]v$ him1 connect$ ) 8 ab/emi\s mode 
( liv+1 t ?\gh he mu/ at t "t h be5     
consid]ably above =ty1 he did n look    
old] ?an tw5ty-eight2 at lea/ ! face :i*
 rema9$ ^u my recollection = "s ye>s 0 t
 ( a "y man4 ,ne>ly t5 ye>s aft]w>ds ,i 
became acqua9t$ ) him4 ,dur+ ! int]val  
,i _h pick$ up "o ( 8 works 9           
,bri/ol1--viz4 8 ,travels to discov] !  
,s\rce ( ,moral ,motion1 ! second volume
 ( :i* is entitl$ ,! ,apocalypse (      
,nature4 ,i _h be5 greatly impress$ by !
 s\nd & orig9al views :i* 9 ! fir/      
volume he _h tak5 ( ! national *>act]s  
?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,9 p>ticul> he 0 !     
fir/1 & s f> z ,i "k ! only writ] :o _h 
notic$ ! pr(\nd error ( ascrib+ a       
phlegmatic "* to ! ,engli% nation4      
',engli% phlegm' is ! con/ant expression
 ( au?ors :5 contra/+ ! ,engli% ) !     
,fr5*4 ,n[ ! tru? is1 t1 beyond t ( all 
o!r nations1 x has a sub/ratum ( pr(\nd 

passion3 &1 if we are to recur to ! old 
doctr9e ( temp]am5ts1 ! ,engli% "* mu/  
be class$ n "u ! phlegmatic b "u !      
melan*olic temp]am5t2 & ! ,fr5* "u !    
sangu9e4 ,! "* ( a nation may be judg$ (
 9 ?is p>ticul> by exam9+ its idiomatic 
language4 ,! ,fr5*1 9 :om ! l[] =ms (   
passion are con/antly bubbl+ up f !     
%all[ & sup]ficial "* ( _! feel+s1 h    
appropriat$ all ! phrases ( passion to !
 s]vice ( trivial & ord9>y life3 & h5ce 
!y h no language ( passion = ! s]vice ( 
poetry or ( occasions really dem&+ x3 = 
x has be5 already enfeebl$ by cont9ual  
association ) cases ( an unimpassion$   
ord]4 ,b a "* ( deep] passion has a     
p]petual /&>d 9 itself1 by :i* z by an  
in/9ct x tries all cases1 & rejects !   
language ( passion z disproportionate & 
ludicr\s :]e x is n fully ju/ifi$4 ',ah 
,heav5s6' or ',oh my ,god6' are         
exclamations ) u s exclusively res]v$ = 
cases ( pr(\nd int]e/1--t on he>+ a     
woman ev5 7i4e4 a p]son ( ! sex mo/     
easily excit$7 utt] su* words1 we look  

r\nd expect+ to see h] *ild 9 "s        
situation ( dang]4 ,b1 9 ,france1       
',ciel6' & ',oh mon ,dieu6' are utt]$ by
 e woman if a m\se does b run across !  
floor4 ,! ignorant & ! ?\ghtless1 h[ev]1
 w cont9ue to class ! ,engli% "* "u !   
phlegmatic temp]am5t1 :il/ ! philosoph] 
w p]ceive t x is ! exact pol> anti!sis  
to a phlegmatic "*4 ,9 ?is conclusion1  
?\gh o!rwise express$ & illu/rat$1      
,walk+ ,/ew>t's view ( ! ,engli% "* w be
 f\nd to t]m9ate3 & 8 op9ion is         
especially valuable--fir/ & *iefly1     
because he 0 a philosoph]2 secondly1    
because 8 acqua9tance ) man civiliz$ &  
unciviliz$1 "u all national di/9ctions1 
0 absolutely unrivall$4 ,meantime1 ?is &
 o!rs ( 8 op9ions 7 express$ 9 language 
t if lit]ally con/ru$ w\ld (t5 appe>    
insane or absurd4 ,! tru? is1 8 long    
int]c\rse ) =eign nations _h giv5 some?+
 ( a hybrid t9cture to 8 diction2 9 "s (
 8 works1 = in/ance1 he uses ! ,fr5* ^w 
helas6 uni=mly = ! ,engli% alas6 &      
app>5tly ) no consci\sness ( 8 mi/ake4  

,he _h also ?is s+ul>ity ab\t him --t he
 0 ev]la/+ly metaphysiciz+ aga9/        
metaphysics4 ,to me1 :o 0 buri$ 9       
metaphysical rev]ies f my e>lie/ days1  
?is 0 n likely to be an attraction any m
 ?an ! vici\s /ructure ( 8 diction 0    
likely to please my s*ol>like ta/e4 ,all
 gr\nds ( disgu/1 h[ev]1 gave way be=e  
my s5se ( 8 p[]ful m]its2 &1 z ,i h     
said1 ,i s\ght 8 acqua9tance4 ,com+ up  
to ,london f ,ox=d ab\t #ahjg or #ahjh  
,i made inquiries ab\t him2 & f\nd t he 
usually read ! pap]s at a c(fee-room 9  
,piccadilly3 und]/&+ t he 0 poor1 x     
/ruck me t he might n wi% to receive    
visits at 8 lodg+s1 & !re=e ,i s\ght him
 at ! c(fee-room4 ,"h ,i took ! lib]ty (
 introduc+ myself to him4 ,he receiv$ me
 c\rte\sly1 & invit$ me to 8 rooms--:i* 
at t "t 7 9 ,%]r>d-/reet1               
,gold5-squ>e--a /reet already memorable 
to me4 ,i 0 mu* /ruck ) ! eloqu5ce ( 8  
conv]sation2 & aft]w>ds ,i f\nd t ,mr4  
,wordswor?1 himself ! mo/ eloqu5t ( m5 9
 conv]sation1 _h be5 equally /ruck :5 he

 _h met him at ,p>is betwe5 ! ye>s #agij
 & #agib1 dur+ ! e>ly /orms ( ! ,fr5*   
revolution4 ,9 ,%]r>d-/reet ,i visit$   
him repeat$ly1 & took notes ( !         
conv]sations ,i _h ) him on v>i\s       
subjects4 ,^! ,i mu/ h some:]e or o!r2 &
 ,i wi% ,i c\ld introduce !m "h1 z !y   
w\ld int]e/ ! read]4 ,occasionally 9 ^! 
conv]sations1 z 9 8 books1 he introduc$ 
a few notices ( 8 private hi/ory3 9     
p>ticul> ,i rememb] 8 tell+ me t 9 !    
,ea/ ,indies he _h be5 a prison] (      
,hyd]'s3 t he _h escap$ ) "s difficulty2
 & t1 9 ! s]vice ( "o ( ! native pr9ces 
z secret>y or int]pret]1 he _h          
accumulat$ a small =tune4 ,?is mu/ h be5
 too small1 ,i fe>1 at t "t to all[ him 
ev5 a philosoph]'s com=ts3 = "s "p ( x1 
inve/$ 9 ! ,fr5* funds1 _h be5          
confiscat$4 ,i 0 griev$ to see a man ( s
 mu* ability1 ( g5tlemanly mann]s1 &    
ref9$ habits1 & ) ! infirmity (         
deafness1 suff]+ "u su* obvi\s          
privations2 & ,i once took ! lib]ty1 on 
a fit occasion pres5t+ itself1 ( reque/+

 t he w\ld all[ me to s5d him "s books  
:i* he _h be5 casually regrett+ t he did
 n possess2 = ,i 0 at t "t 9 ! hey-day (
 my worldly prosp]ity4 ,?is (f]1 h[ev]1 
he decl9$ ) firmness & dignity1 ?\gh n  
unk9dly4 ,& ,i n[ m5tion x1 because ,i h
 se5 him *>g$ 9 pr9t ) a selfi% reg>d to
 8 own pecuni>y int]e/4 ,on ! contr>y1  
he appe>$ to me a v lib]al & g5]\s man3 
& ,i well rememb] t1 :il/ he refus$ to  
accept ( any ?+ f me1 he compell$ me to 
receive z pres5ts all ! books :i* he    
publi%$ dur+ my acqua9tance ) him3 two (
 ^!1 correct$ ) 8 own h&1 viz4 ! ,lyre (
 ,apollo & ! ,sophiomet]1 ,i h lately   
f\nd among/ o!r books left 9 ,london2 & 
o!rs he =w>d$ to me 9 ,we/morel&4 ,9    
#ahji ,i saw him (t53 9 ! spr+ ( t ye>1 
,i happ5$ to be 9 ,london2 & ,mr4       
,wordswor?'s tract on ! ,conv5tion (    
,c9tra be+ at t "t 9 ! pr9t]'s h&s1 ,i  
sup]9t5d$ ! publication ( x2 &1 at ,mr4 
,wordswor?'s reque/1 ,i add$ a long note
 on ,spani% affairs :i* is pr9t$ 9 !    
,app5dix4 ,! op9ions ,i express$ 9 ?is  

note on ! ,spani% "* at t "t mu*        
calumniat$1 on ! retreat to ,corunna !n 
fre% 9 ! public m9d1 above all1 !       
contempt ,i express$ = ! sup]/ition 9   
respect to ! ,fr5* milit>y pr[ess :i* 0 
!n univ]sal & at its height1 & :i* gave 
way 9 fact only to ! campaigns ( #ahad &
 #ahae1 fell 91 z x happ5$1 ) ,mr4      
,/ew>t's political cre$ 9 ^? po9ts :]e  
at t "t x met ) mo/ opposition4 ,9 #ahab
 x 01 ,i ?9k1 t ,i saw him = ! la/ "t3 &
 by ! way1 on ! day ( my p>t+ ) him1 ,i 
_h an amus+ pro( 9 my own exp]i5ce ( t  
sort ( ubiquity ascrib$ to him by a     
witty writ] 9 ! ,london ,magaz9e3 ,i met
 him & %ook h&s ) him "u ,som]set-h\se1 
tell+ him t ,i %\ld leave t[n t ev5+ =  
,we/morel&4 ,!nce ,i w5t by ! v %orte/  
road 7i4e4 ?r\gh ,moor-/reet1 ,soho--=  
,i am le>n$ 9 _m qu>t]s ( ,london7 t[>ds
 a po9t :i* necess>ily l$ me ?r\gh      
,tott5ham-c\rt-road3 ,i /opp$ n[h]e1 &  
walk$ fa/3 yet s x 0 t 9                
,tott5ham-c\rt-road ,i 0 n ov]tak5 by 7t
 0 compreh5sible71 b ov]took1 ,walk+    

,/ew>t4 ,c]ta9ly1 z ! above writ]       
alleges1 !re mu/ h be5 ?ree ,walk+      
,/ew>ts 9 ,london4 ,he seem$ no ways    
surpris$ at ?is himself1 b expla9$ to me
 t some:]e or o!r 9 ! neighborhood (    
,tott5ham-c\rt-road !re 0 a little      
!atre1 at :i* !re 0 danc+ & occasionally
 good s++1 betwe5 :i* & a neighbor+     
c(fee-h\se he sometimes divid$ 8 ev5+s4 
,s++1 x seems1 he c\ld he> 9 spite ( 8  
deafness4 ,9 ?is /reet ,i took my f9al  
leave ( him2 x turn$ out su*2 &1        
anticipat+ at ! "t t x w\ld be s1 ,i    
look$ aft] 8 :ite hat at ! mom5t x 0    
disappe>+ & exclaim$--',f>ewell1 ?\     
half- crazy & mo/ eloqu5t man6 ,i %all  
nev] see ?y face aga94' ,i did n int5d1 
at t mom5t1 to visit ,london aga9 = "s  
ye>s3 z x happ5$1 ,i 0 !re = a %ort "t 9
 #ahad3 & !n ,i he>d1 to my great       
satisfaction1 t ,walk+ ,/ew>t _h recov]$
 a consid]able sum 7ab\t #ad1jjj p\nds  
,i believe7 f ! ,ea/ ,india ,company2 & 
f ! ab/ract giv5 9 ! ,london ,magaz9e ( 
! ,memoir by 8 relation1 ,i h s9ce le>n$

 t he appli$ ?is money mo/ wisely to !  
pur*ase ( an annuity1 & t he 'p]si/$ 9  
liv+' too long = ! peace ( an annuity   
(fice4 ,s f>e all companies ,ea/ & ,we/1
 & all annuity (fices1 t /& oppos$ 9    
int]e/ to philosoph]s6 ,9 #ahad1 h[ev]1 
to my great regret1 ,i did n see him2 = 
,i 0 !n tak+ a great deal ( opium1 &    
nev] c\ld contrive to issue to ! light (
 day soon en\gh = a morn+ call ^u a     
philosoph] ( su* e>ly h\rs2 & 9 ! ev5+  
,i conclud$ t he w\ld be g5]ally abroad1
 f :at he _h =m]ly communicat$ to me ( 8
 own habits4 ,x seems1 h[ev]1 t he      
aft]w>ds held conv]saziones at 8 own    
rooms2 & did n /ir out to !atres q s    
mu*4 ,f a bro!r ( m9e1 :o at "o "t      
occupi$ rooms 9 ! same h\se ) him1 ,i   
le>n$ t 9 o!r respects he did n deviate 
9 8 prosp]ity f ! philosophic t5or ( 8  
=m] life4 ,he abat$ no?+ ( 8 p]ipatetic 
ex]cises2 & repair$ duly 9 ! morn+1 z he
 _h done 9 =m] ye>s1 to ,/4 ,james's    
,p>k1--:]e he sate 9 contemplative ease 
among/ ! c[s1 inhal+ _! balmy brea? &   

pursu+ 8 philosophic rev]ies4 ,he _h    
also pur*as$ an organ1 or m ?an "o1 )   
:i* he solac$ 8 solitude & beguil$      
himself ( uneasy ?\ghts if he ev] _h    
any4  ,! works ( ,walk+ ,/ew>t mu/ be   
read ) "s indulg5ce2 ! titles are       
g5]ally too l(ty & pret5d+ & some:at    
extravagant2 ! composition is lax &     
unprecise1 z ,i h be=e said2 & !        
doctr9es are occasionally v bold1       
incauti\sly /at$1 & too h>dy & high-    
ton$ = ! n]v\s effem9acy ( _m mod]n     
morali/s4 ,b ,walk+ ,/ew>t 0 a man :o   
?\ght nobly ( human nature3 he wrote    
!re=e at times 9 ! _s & ) ! indignation 
( an anci5t prophet aga9/ ! oppressors &
 de/roy]s ( ! "t4 ,9 p>ticul> ,i rememb]
 t 9 "o or m ( ! pamphlets :i* ,i       
receiv$ f him at ,grasm]e he express$   
himself 9 su* t]ms on ! subject (       
,tyrannicide 7di/+ui%+ ! cases 9 :i* x 0
 & 0 n lawful7 z seem$ to ,mr4          
,wordswor? & myself e way wor?y ( a     
philosoph]2 b1 f ! way 9 :i* t subject 0
 treat$ 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 :]e x 0 at

 t "t occasionally introduc$1 x 0 pla9 t
 8 doctr9e 0 n fitt$ = ! luxuri\s &     
relax$ morals ( ! age4 ,l all m5 :o ?9k 
nobly ( human nature1 ,walk+ ,/ew>t     
?\ght ( x hopefully4 ,9 "s respects 8   
hopes 7 wisely gr\nd$2 9 o!rs !y re/$   
too mu* ^u c]ta9 metaphysical           
speculations :i* are unt5able1 & :i*    
satisfi$ himself only because 8 rese>*es
 9 t track _h be5 purely self-orig9at$ &
 self-discipl9$4 ,he reli$ ^u 8 own     
native /r5g? ( m9d2 b 9 que/ions1 :i* ! 
wisdom & philosophy ( e age build+      
successively ^u ea* o!r h n be5 able to 
settle1 no m9d1 h[ev] /rong1 is entitl$ 
to build :olly ^u itself4 ,9 _m ?+s he  
%ock$ ! religi\s s5se--especially z x   
exi/s 9 unphilosophic m9ds2 he held a   
sort ( rude & unsci5tific ,sp9osism2 &  
he express$ x co>sely & 9 ! way mo/     
likely to give (f5ce4 ,& inde$ !re c be 
no /rong] pro( ( ! utt] obscurity 9 :i* 
8 works h slumb]$ ?an t !y %\ld all h   
escap$ prosecution4 ,he also all[$      
himself to look too lightly & indulg5tly

 on ! afflict+ spectacle ( female       
pro/itution z x exi/s 9 ,london & 9 all 
great cities4 ,?is 0 ! only po9t on :i* 
,i 0 dispos$ to qu>rel ) him2 = ,i c\ld 
n b view x z a great] reproa* to human  
nature ?an ! slave-trade or any sight ( 
wret*$ness t ! sun looks d[n ^u4 ,i (t5 
told him s2 & t ,i 0 at a loss to guess 
h[ a philosoph] c\ld all[ himself to    
view x simply z "p ( ! equipage ( civil 
life1 & z reasonably mak+ "p ( !        
e/abli%m5t & furniture ( a great city z 
police-(fices1 lamp- light+1 or         
newspap]s4 ,waiv+ h[ev] ?is "o in/ance (
 some?+ l compliance ) ! brutal _s ( !  
_w1 on all o!r subjects he 0 em95tly    
unworldly1 *ild-l1 simple-m9d$1 &       
upright4 ,he w\ld flatt] no man3 ev5 :5 
address+ nations1 x is almo/ laughable  
to see h[ inv>iably he prefaces 8       
c\nsels ) su* pla9 tru?s utt]$ 9 a mann]
 s (f5sive z mu/ h defeat$ 8 purpose if 
x _h o!rwise any *ance ( be+ accompli%$4
 ,= in/ance1 9 address+ ,am]ica1 he     
beg9s ?us3--',p ( ,am]ica6 s9ce y\r     

sep>ation f ! "m-c\ntry y\r moral "* has
 deg5]at$ 9 ! en]gy ( ?\ght & s5se2     
produc$ by ! abs5ce ( y\r association & 
int]c\rse ) ,briti% (fic]s & m]*ants3 y 
h no moral disc]nm5t to di/+ui% betwe5 !
 protective p[] ( ,engl& & ! de/ructive 
p[] ( ,france4' ,& 8 lett] to ! ,iri%   
nation op5s 9 ?is agreeable &           
conciliatory mann]3--',p ( ,irel&6 ,i   
address y z a true philosoph] ( nature1 
=esee+ ! p]petual mis]y y\r irreflective
 "* & total abs5ce ( moral disc]nm5t are
 prep>+ =' c4 ,! second s5t5ce beg9s    
?us--',y are sacrilegi\sly arre/+ ! arm 
( y\r p>5t k+dom fight+ ! cause ( man & 
nature1 :5 ! triumph ( ! fi5d ( ,fr5*   
police- t]ror w\ld be y\r own in/ant    
extirpation--4' ,& ! lett] closes       
?us3--',i see b "o awful alt]native--t  
,irel& w be a p]petual moral volcano1   
?reat5+ ! de/ruction ( ! _w1 if !       
education & in/ruction ( ?\ght & s5se   
%all n be able to g5]ate ! faculty (    
moral disc]nm5t among a v num]\s class (
 ! population1 :o dete/ ! civic calm z  

sailors ! natural calm--& make civic    
rights on :i* !y _c reason a pretext =  
feuds :i* !y delight 94' ,z he spoke    
freely & boldly to o!rs1 s he spoke     
l(tily ( himself3 at p4 #cac1 ( ',! ,h>p
 ( ,apollo1' on mak+ a comp>ison (      
himself ) ,socrates 79 :i* he naturally 
gives ! pref]5ce to himself7 he /yles   
',! ,h>p1' c41 '?is unp>allel$ "w (     
human en]gy4' ,at p4 #cae1 he calls x   
'?is /up5d\s "w2' & l[] d[n on ! same   
page he says--',i 0 turn$ out ( s*ool at
 ! age ( fifte5 = a dunce or blockhead1 
because ,i w\ld n /uff into my memory   
all ! nons5se ( erudition & le>n+2 & if 
future ages %\ld discov] ! unp>allel$   
en]gies ( g5ius 9 ?is "w1 x w prove my  
mo/ important doctr9e--t ! p[]s ( !     
human m9d mu/ be develop$ 9 ! education 
( ?\ght & s5se 9 ! /udy ( moral op9ion1 
n arts & sci5ce4' ,aga91 at p4 #bbe ( 8 
,sophiomet]1 he says3--',! p>am\nt ?\ght
 t dwells 9 my m9d incessantly is a "q  
,i put to myself--:e!r1 9 ! ev5t ( my   
p]sonal dissolution by dea?1 ,i h       

communicat$ all ! discov]ies my unique  
m9d possesses 9 ! great ma/]-sci5ce (   
man & nature4' ,9 ! next page he        
det]m9es t he has1 ) ! exception ( "o   
tru?1--viz4 '! lat5t en]gy1 physical &  
moral1 ( human nature z exi/+ 9 !       
,briti% p4' ,b "h he 0 surely accus+    
himself )\t gr\nd3 = to my k he has n   
fail$ 9 any "o ( 8 num]\s works to insi/
 ^u ?is !me at lea/ a billion ( times4  
,ano!r in/ance ( 8 magnific5t           
self-e/imation is--t 9 ! title pages (  
sev]al ( 8 works he ann\nces himself z  
',john ,/ew>t1 ! only man ( nature #a t 
ev] appe>$ 9 ! _w4'  ,by ?is "t ,i am   
afraid ! read] beg9s to suspect t he 0  
crazy3 & c]ta9ly1 :5 ,i consid] e ?+1 he
 mu/ h be5 crazy :5 ! w9d 0 at ,,nne2 = 
:o b ,walk+ ,/ew>t ev] dat$ 8 books by a
 computation drawn--n f ! creation1 n f 
! flood1 n f ,nabonass>1 or ab urbe     
condita1 n f ! ,hegira--b f !mselves1 f 
_! own day ( publication1 z con/itut+ ! 
"o great era 9 ! hi/ory ( man by ! side 
( :i* all o!r eras 7 frivol\s &         

imp]t95t8 ,?us1 9 a "w ( 8 giv5 to me 9 
#ahab & probably publi%$ 9 t ye>1 ,i f9d
 him incid5tally record+ ( himself t he 
0 at t "t 'arriv$ at ! age ( sixty-?ree1
 ) a firm /ate ( heal? acquir$ by       
temp]ance1 & a peace ( m9d almo/        
indep5d5t ( ! vices ( mank9d--because my
 k ( life has enabl$ me to place my     
happ9ess beyond ! rea* or contact ( o!r 
m5's follies & passions1 by avoid+ all  
family connections1 & all ambiti\s      
pursuits ( pr(it1 fame1 or p[]4' ,on    
read+ ?is passage ,i 0 anxi\s to asc]ta9
 its date2 b ?is1 on turn+ to ! title   
page1 ,i f\nd ?us my/]i\sly express$3 '9
 ! #gjjj? ye> ( ,a/ronomical ,hi/ory1 & 
! fir/ day ( ,intellectual ,life or     
,moral ,_w1 f ! era ( ?is "w4' ,ano!r   
slight indication ( craz9ess appe>$ 9 a 
notion :i* ob/9ately haunt$ 8 m9d t all 
! k+s & rul]s ( ! e>? w\ld conf$]ate 9 e
 age aga9/ 8 works1 & w\ld hunt !m out =
 ext]m9ation z ke5ly z ,h]od did !      
innoc5ts 9 ,be?lehem4 ,on ?is           
consid]ation1 fe>+ t !y might be        

int]cept$ by ! long arms ( ^! wick$     
pr9ces be=e !y c\ld rea* t remote       
,/ew>tian man or 8 precursor to :om !y 7
 ma9ly address$1 he recomm5d$ to all ^? 
:o might be impress$ ) a s5se ( _!      
importance to bury a copy or copies (   
ea* "w prop]ly secur$ f damp1 c4 at a   
dep? ( sev5 or eight feet bel[ ! surface
 ( ! e>?2 & on _! dea?-b$s to           
communicate ! k ( ?is fact to "s        
confid5tial fri5ds1 :o 9 _! turn 7 to   
s5d d[n ! tradition to "s discreet      
p]sons ( ! next g5]ation2 & ?us1 if !   
tru? 0 n to be disp]s$ = _m ages1 yet ! 
k t "h & !re ! tru? lay buri$ on ?is & t
 cont95t1 9 secret spots on ,m\nt       
,caucasus--9 ! s&s ( ,bil$ulg]id--& 9   
hid+- places among/ ! =e/s ( ,am]ica1 & 
0 to rise aga9 9 "s di/ant age & to     
vegetate & fructify = ! univ]sal b5efit 
( man1--?is k at lea/ 0 to be :isp]$ d[n
 f g5]ation to g5]ation2 &1 9 defiance (
 a myriad ( k+s crusad+ aga9/ him1      
,walk+ ,/ew>t 0 to /ret* out ! influ5ce 
( 8 writ+s ?r\gh a long s]ies ( ,greek3 

lampadophoroi to t *ild ( nature :om he 
saw dimly ?r\gh a vi/a ( _m c5turies4   
,if ?is 7 madness1 x seem$ to me a      
some:at sublime madness3 & ,i assur$ him
 ( my co- op]ation aga9/ ! k+s1 promis+ 
t ,i w\ld bury ',! ,h>p ( ,apollo' 9 my 
own or*>d 9 ,grasm]e at ! foot ( ,m\nt  
,fairfield2 t ,i w\ld bury ',!          
,apocalypse ( ,nature' 9 "o ( ! coves ( 
,helvellyn1 & sev]al o!r works 9 sev]al 
o!r places be/ kn[n to myself4 ,he      
accept$ my (f] ) gratitude2 b he !n made
 kn[n to me t he reli$ on my assi/ance =
 a /ill m important s]vice--:i* 0 ?is3 9
 ! lapse ( t va/ numb] ( ages :i* w\ld  
probably int]v5e betwe5 ! pres5t p]iod &
 ! p]iod at :i* 8 works w\ld h rea*$ _! 
de/9ation1 he fe>$ t ! ,engli% language 
might itself h m\ld]$ away4 ',no6' ,i   
said1 't 0 n probable3 consid]+ its     
ext5sive diffusion1 & t x 0 n[          
transplant$ into all ! cont95ts ( our   
planet1 ,i w\ld back ! ,engli% language 
aga9/ any o!r on e>?4' ,8 own p]suasion 
h[ev] 01 t ! ,lat9 0 de/9$ to survive   

all o!r languages2 x 0 to be ! et]nal z 
well z ! univ]sal language2 & 8 desire 0
 t ,i w\ld translate 8 works1 or "s "p (
 !m1 into t language4 #b ,?is ,i        
promis$2 & ,i s]i\sly design$ at "s     
leisure h\r to translate into ,lat9 a   
selection ( passages :i* %\ld embody an 
ab/ract ( 8 philosophy4 ,?is w\ld h be5 
do+ a s]vice to all ^? :o might wi% to  
see a dige/ ( 8 peculi> op9ions cle>$ f 
! p]plexities ( 8 peculi> diction &     
br\ght into a n>r[ compass f ! great    
numb] ( volumes ?r\gh :i* !y are at     
pres5t disp]s$4 ,h[ev]1 l _m ano!r plan 
( m9e1 x w5t unexecut$4  ,on ! :ole1 if 
,walk+ ,/ew>t 7 at all crazy1 he 0 s 9 a
 way :i* did n affect 8 natural g5ius & 
eloqu5ce--b r exalt$ !m4 ,! old maxim1  
inde$1 t ',great wits to madness sure   
are ne> alli$1' ! maxim ( ,dryd5 & !    
popul> maxim1 ,i h he>d disput$ by ,mr4 
,col]idge & ,mr4 ,wordswor?1 :o ma9ta9 t
 mad p are ! dulle/ & mo/ we>isome ( all
 p4 ,z a body1 ,i believe !y are s4 ,b  
,i mu/ diss5t f ! au?ority ( ,messrs4   

,col]idge & ,wordswor? s f> z to        
di/+ui%4 ,:]e madness is connect$1 z x  
(t5 is1 ) "s mis]able d]angem5t ( !     
/oma*1 liv]1 c4 & attacks ! pr9ciple (  
pleasurable life1 :i* is manife/ly seat$
 9 ! c5tral organs ( ! body 7i4e4 9 !   
/oma* & ! app>atus connect$ ) x71 !re x 
_c b lead to p]petual suff]+ &          
di/raction ( ?\ght2 & !re ! pati5t w be 
(t5 t$i\s & incoh]5t4 ,p :o h n suff]$ f
 any great di/urbance 9 ^? organs are   
little aw>e h[ indisp5sable to ! process
 ( ?9k+ are ! mom5t>y influxes (        
pleasurable feel+ f ! regul> go+s on (  
life 9 its prim>y function2 9 fact1     
until ! pleasure is )drawn or obscur$1  
mo/ p are n aw>e t !y h any pleasure f !
 due action ( ! great c5tral ma*9]y ( ! 
sy/em3 proce$+ 9 un9t]rupt$ cont9uance1 
! pleasure z mu* escapes ! consci\sness 
z ! act ( respiration3 a *ild1 9 !      
happie/ /ate ( its exi/5ce1 does n "k t 
x is happy4 ,& g5]ally :atsoev] is !    
level /ate ( ! h\rly feel+ is nev] put  
d[n by ! un?9k+ 7i4e4 by #ii out ( #ajj7

 to ! acc\nt ( happ9ess3 x is nev] put  
d[n ) ! positive sign1 z equal to  x2 b 
simply z  #j4 ,& m5 fir/ become aw>e t x
 0 a positive quantity1 :5 !y h lo/ x   
7i4e4 fall5 into--x74 ,meantime ! g5ial 
pleasure f ! vital processes1 ?\gh n    
repres5t$ to ! consci\sness1 is imman5t 
9 e act--impulse--motion--^w--& ?\ght3 &
 a philosoph] sees t ! idiots are 9 a   
/ate ( pleasure1 ?\gh !y _c see x       
!mselves4 ,n[ ,i say t1 :]e ?is pr9ciple
 ( pleasure is n atta*$1 madness is (t5 
little m ?an an en?usiasm highly exalt$2
 ! animal spirits are exub]ant & 9      
excess2 & ! madman becomes1 if he be    
o!rwise a man ( ability & in=mation1 all
 ! bett] z a companion4 ,i h met )      
sev]al su* madm52 & ,i appeal to my     
brilliant fri5d1 ,pr(essor ,w----1 :o is
 n a man to tol]ate dulness 9 any qu>t]1
 & is himself ! ideal ( a delightful    
companion1 :e!r he ev] met a m amus+    
p]son ?an t madman :o took a po/-*aise )
 u f ---- to ,c>lisle1 long ye>s ago1 :5
 he & ,i 7 ha/5+ ) ! spe$ ( fugitive    

felons to cat* ! ,ed9burgh mail4 ,8     
fancy & 8 extravagance1 & 8 furi\s      
attacks on ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 l       
,plato's supp]s1 refre%$ u n only = t   
day b :5ev] !y recurr$ to u2 & we 7 bo? 
griev$ :5 we he>d "s "t aft]w>ds f a    
,cambridge man t he _h met our clev]    
fri5d 9 a /age coa* "u ! c>e ( a brutal 
keep]4---- ,su* a madness1 if any1 0 !  
madness ( ,walk+ ,/ew>t3 8 heal? 0      
p]fect2 8 spirits z light & ebulli5t z !
 spirits ( a bird 9 spr+-"t2 & 8 m9d    
unagitat$ by pa9ful ?\ghts1 & at peace )
 itself4 ,h5ce1 if he 0 n an amus+      
companion1 x 0 because ! philosophic    
direction ( 8 ?\ghts made him some?+ m4 
,( anecdotes & matt]s ( fact he 0 n     
communicative3 ( all t he _h se5 9 ! va/
 compass ( 8 travels he nev] avail$     
himself 9 conv]sation4 ,i d n rememb] at
 ?is mom5t t he ev] once allud$ to 8 own
 travels 9 8 int]c\rse ) me except = !  
purpose ( weigh+ d[n by a /atem5t gr\nd$
 on 8 own great p]sonal exp]i5ce an     
opposite /atem5t ( _m ha/y & misjudg+   

travell]s :i* he ?\ght injuri\s to human
 nature3 ! /atem5t 0 ?is1 t 9 all 8     
c\ntless r5contres ) unciviliz$ tribes1 
he _h nev] met ) any s f]oci\s & brutal 
z to attack an un>m$ & def5celess man :o
 0 able to make !m und]/& t he ?rew     
himself ^u _! hospitality & =be>ance4   
,on ! :ole1 ,walk+ ,/ew>t 0 a sublime   
vision>y3 he _h se5 & suff]$ mu* among/ 
m52 yet n too mu*1 or s z to dull !     
g5ial tone ( 8 sympa?y ) ! suff]+s (    
o!rs4 ,8 m9d 0 a mirror ( ! s5ti5t      
univ]se4--,! :ole mighty vision t _h    
fleet$ be=e 8 eyes 9 ?is _w1--! armies (
 ,hyd]-,ali & 8 son ) ori5tal & b>b>ic  
pageantry1--! civic gr&eur ( ,engl&1 !  
great des]ts ( ,asia & ,am]ica1--! va/  
capitals ( ,europe1--,london ) its      
et]nal agitations1 ! ceaseless ebb & fl[
 ( its 'mighty he>t1'-- ,p>is %ak5 by ! 
fi]ce torm5ts ( revolution>y            
convulsions1 ! sil5ce ( ,lapl&1 & !     
solit>y =e/s ( ,canada1 ) ! sw>m+ life (
 ! torrid zone1 toge!r ) innum]able     
recollections ( individual joy & sorr[1 

t he _h p>ticipat$ by sympa?y--lay l a  
map b5ea? him1 z if et]nally co-pres5t  
to 8 view2 s t1 9 ! contemplation ( !   
prodigi\s :ole1 he _h no leisure to     
sep>ate ! p>ts1 or occupy 8 m9d )       
details4 ,h5ce came ! monotony :i* !    
frivol\s & ! desultory w\ld h f\nd 9 8  
conv]sation4 ,i1 h[ev]1 :o am p]haps !  
p]son be/ qualifi$ to speak ( him1 mu/  
pron\nce him to h be5 a man ( great     
g5ius2 &1 ) ref]5ce to 8 conv]sation1 ( 
great eloqu5ce4 ,t ^! 7 n bett] kn[n &  
ackn[l$g$ 0 ow+ to two disadvantages2 "o
 gr\nd$ 9 8 imp]fect education1 ! o!r 9 
! peculi> /ructure ( 8 m9d4 ,! fir/ 0   
?is3 l ! late ,mr4 ,%elley he _h a f9e  
vague en?usiasm & l(ty aspirations 9    
connection ) human nature g5]ally & its 
hopes2 & l him he /rove to give         
/ead9ess1 a uni=m direction1 & an       
intelligible purpose to ^! feel+s1 by   
fitt+ to !m a s*eme ( philosophical     
op9ions4 ,b un=tunately ! philosophic   
sy/em ( bo? 0 s f> f support+ _! own    
views & ! crav+s ( _! own en?usiasm1 t1 

z 9 "s po9ts x 0 baseless1 incoh]5t1 or 
un9telligible1 s 9 o!rs x t5d$ to moral 
results1 f :i*1 if !y _h =ese5 !m1 !y   
w\ld h be5 !mselves ! fir/ to %r9k z    
contradictory to ! v purposes 9 :i* _!  
sy/em _h orig9at$4 ,h5ce1 9 ma9ta9+ _!  
own sy/em !y bo? f\nd !mselves pa9fully 
entangl$ at times ) t5ets p]nici\s &    
degrad+ to human nature4 ,^! 7 !        
inevitable consequ5ces ( ! ,greek3      
proton pheudos 9 _! speculations2 b 7   
naturally *>g$ ^u !m by ^? :o look$     
c>elessly into _! books z op9ions :i* n 
only = ! sake ( consi/5cy !y ?\ght      
!mselves b\nd to endure1 b to :i* !y    
gave ! full weight ( _! sanction &      
patronage z to s _m mov+ pr9ciples 9 _! 
sy/em4 ,! o!r disadvantage "u :i* ,walk+
 ,/ew>t labor$1 0 ?is3 he 0 a man (     
g5ius1 b n a man ( tal5ts2 at lea/ 8    
g5ius 0 out ( all proportion to 8       
tal5ts1 & want$ an organ z x 7 =        
manife/+ itself2 s t 8 mo/ orig9al      
?\ghts 7 deliv]$ 9 a crude              
/ate--imp]fect1 obscure1 half develop$1 

& n producible to a popul> audi5ce4 ,he 
0 aw>e ( ?is himself2 &1 ?\gh he claims 
ev]y:]e ! faculty ( pr(\nd intuition    
into human nature1 yet ) equal c&or he  
accuses himself ( as99e /upidity1       
dulness1 & want ( tal5t4 ,he 0 a        
disproportion$ intellect1 & s f> a      
mon/]3 & he mu/ be add$ to ! long li/ ( 
orig9al-m9d$ m5 :o h be5 look$ d[n ^u ) 
pity & contempt by commonplace m5 (     
tal5t1 ^: p[]s ( m9d--?\gh a ?\s& times 
inf]ior-- 7 yet m manageable1 & ran 9   
*annels m suit$ to common uses & common 
und]/&+s4   ,,footnotes  #a ,9 ,ba?1 he 
0 surnam$ '! ,*ild ( ,nature2'--:i*     
arose f 8 contra/+ on e occasion ! exi/+
 man ( our pres5t exp]i5ce ) ! ideal or 
,/ew>tian man t might be expect$ to     
em]ge 9 "s myriads ( ages2 to :i* latt] 
man he gave ! "n ( ! ,*ild ( ,nature4   
#b ,i 0 n aw>e until ! mom5t ( writ+ ?is
 passage t ,walk+ ,/ew>t _h publicly    
made ?is reque/ ?ree ye>s aft] mak+ x to
 myself3 op5+ ! ',h>p ( ,apollo1' ,i h j
 n[ accid5tally /umbl$ on ! foll[+      

passage1 ',?is ,/up5d\s "w is de/9$1 ,i 
fe>1 to meet a worse fate ?an ! ,aloe1  
:i* z soon z x blossoms loses its /alk4 
,?is fir/ blossom ( reason is ?reat5$ ) 
! loss ( bo? its /alk & its soil3 =1 if 
! revolution>y tyrant %\ld triumph1 he  
w\ld de/roy all ! ,engli% books &       
en]gies ( ?\ght4 ,i conjure my read]s to
 translate ?is "w into ,lat91 & to bury 
x 9 ! gr\nd1 communicat+ on _! dea?-b$s 
only its place ( concealm5t to m5 (     
nature4'  ,f ! title page ( ?is "w1 by !
 way1 ,i le>n t '! #gjjj? ye> (         
,a/ronomical ,hi/ory' is tak5 f ! ,*9ese
 tables1 & co9cides 7z ,i _h suppos$7 ) 
! ye> #ahab ( our computation4     ,,on 
,,suicide4   ,x is a rem>kable pro( ( ! 
inaccuracy ) :i* mo/ m5 read--t ,donne's
 ,bia?anatos has be5 suppos$ to         
c\nt5ance ,suicide2 & ^? :o rev]5ce 8 "n
 h ?\ght !mselves oblig$ to apologize = 
x by urg+1 t x 0 writt5 be=e he ent]$ ! 
*ur*4 ,b ,donne's purpose 9 ?is treatise
 0 a pi\s "o3 _m au?ors _h *>g$ ! m>tyrs
 ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur* ) ,suicide--on !     

pr9ciple t if ,i put myself 9 ! way ( a 
mad bull1 kn[+ t he w kill me--,i am z  
mu* *>geable ) an act ( self-de/ruction 
z if ,i fl+ myself into a riv]4 ,sev]al 
casui/s _h ext5d$ ?is pr9ciple ev5 to ! 
case ( ,jesus ,*ri/3 "o in/ance ( :i*1 9
 a mod]n au?or1 ! read] may see notic$ &
 condemn$ by ,kant1 9 8 ,religion       
inn]halb die gronz5 d] bloss5 ,v]nunft2 
& ano!r ( mu* e>li] date 7z f> back z ! 
#ac? c5tury1 ,i ?9k71 9 a common]       
book--,voltaire's notes on ! little     
treatise ( ,becc>ia1 ,dei delitti e     
delle p5e4 ,^! /atem5ts t5d$ to "o ( two
 results3 ei!r !y unsanctifi$ ! *>act]s 
( ^? :o f\nd$ & nurs$ ! ,*ri/ian *ur*2  
or !y sanctifi$ suicide4 ,by way ( meet+
 !m1 ,donne wrote 8 book3 & z ! :ole    
argum5t ( 8 oppon5ts turn$ ^u a false   
def9ition ( suicide 7n explicitly /at$1 
b assum$71 he endeavor$ to recon/itute !
 notion ( :at is ess5tial to create an  
act ( suicide4 ,simply to kill a man is 
n murd]3 prima facie1 !re=e1 !re is "s  
sort ( presumption t simply = a man to  

kill himself--may n always be s3 !re is 
su* a ?+ z simple homicide di/9ct f     
murd]3 !re may1 !re=e1 possibly be su* a
 ?+ z self-homicide di/9ct f self-murd]4
 ,!re may be a gr\nd = su* a di/9ction1 
ex analogia4 ,b1 secondly1 on           
exam9ation1 is !re any gr\nd = su* a    
di/9ction8 ,donne affirms t !re is2 &1  
review+ sev]al em95t cases ( spontane\s 
m>tyrdom1 he endeavors to %[ t acts s   
motiv$ & s circum/antiat$ w n come )9 ! 
notion ( suicide prop]ly def9$4         
,meantime1 may n ?is t5d to !           
enc\ragem5t ( suicide 9 g5]al1 & )\t    
discrim9ation ( its species8 ,no3       
,donne's argum5ts h no prospective      
ref]5ce or application2 !y are purely   
retrospective4 ,! circum/ances necess>y 
to create an act ( m]e self- homicide c 
r>ely concur1 except 9 a /ate ( disord]$
 society1 & dur+ ! c>d9al revolutions ( 
human hi/ory3 :]e1 h[ev]1 !y d concur1  
!re x w n be suicide4 ,9 fact1 ?is is ! 
natural & practical judgm5t ( u all4 ,we
 d n all agree on ! p>ticul> cases :i* w

 ju/ify self-de/ruction3 b we all feel &
 involunt>ily ackn[l$ge 7implicitly     
ackn[l$ge 9 our admiration1 ?\gh n      
explicitly 9 our words or 9 our         
pr9ciples71 t !re are su* cases4 ,!re is
 no man1 :o 9 8 he>t w\ld n rev]5ce a   
woman t *ose to die r ?an to be         
di%onor$3 &1 if we d n say1 t x is h]   
duty to d s1 t is because ! morali/ mu/ 
condesc5d to ! weakness & infirmities ( 
human nature3 mean & ignoble natures mu/
 n be tax$ up to ! level ( noble ones4  
,aga91 ) reg>d to ! o!r sex1 corporal   
puni%m5t is its peculi> & sexual        
degradation2 & if ev] ! di/9ction (     
,donne c be appli$ safely to any case1 x
 w be to ! case ( him :o *ooses to die r
 ?an to submit to t ignom9y4 ,at pres5t1
 h[ev]1 !re is b a dim & v conf9$ s5se1 
ev5 among/ enlight5$ m5 7z we may see by
 ! debates ( ,p>liam5t71 ( ! injury :i* 
is done to human nature by giv+ legal   
sanction to su* brutaliz+ acts2 & !re=e 
mo/ m51 9 seek+ to escape x1 w\ld be    
m]ely %r9k+ f a p]sonal di%onor4        

,corporal puni%m5t is usually argu$ ) a 
s+le ref]5ce to ! case ( him :o suff]s  
x2 & s argu$1 ,god kn[s t x is wor?y (  
all abhorr5ce3 b ! weightie/ argum5t    
aga9/ x--is ! f\l indignity :i* is (f]$ 
to our common nature lodg$ 9 ! p]son (  
him on :om x is inflict$4 ,8 nature is  
our nature3 &1 suppos+ x possible t he 7
 s f> degrad$ z to be unsusceptible (   
any influ5ces b ^? :i* address him ?r\gh
 ! brutal "p ( 8 nature1 yet = ! sake ( 
ourselves--,no6 n m]ely = ourselves1 or 
= ! human race n[ exi/+1 b = ! sake (   
human nature1 :i* tranc5ds all exi/+    
p>ticipators ( t nature-- we %\ld       
rememb] t ! evil ( corporal puni%m5t is 
n to be measur$ by ! poor transitory    
crim9al1 ^: memory & (f5ce are soon to  
p]i%3 ^!1 9 ! sum ( ?+s1 are z no?+3 !  
injury :i* c be done him1 & ! injury :i*
 he c d1 h s mom5t>y an exi/5ce t !y may
 be safely neglect$3 b ! abid+ injury is
 to ! mo/ augu/ int]e/ :i* = ! m9d ( man
 c h any exi/5ce1--viz4 to 8 own nature3
 to raise & dignify :i*1 ,i am p]suad$1 

is ! fir/--la/--& holie/ comm& #a :i* ! 
consci5ce imposes on ! philosophic      
morali/4 ,9 c\ntries1 :]e ! travell] has
 ! pa9 ( see+ human creatures p]=m+ !   
labors ( brutes1 #b--surely ! sorr[ :i* 
! spectacle moves1 if a wise sorr[1 w n 
be *iefly direct$ to ! poor degrad$     
individual--too deeply degrad$1         
probably1 to be s5sible ( 8 own         
degradation1 b to ! reflection t man's  
nature is ?us exhibit$ 9 a /ate (       
mis]able abasem5t2 &1 :at is wor/ ( all1
 abasem5t proce$+ f man himself4 ,n[1   
:5ev] ?is view ( corporal puni%m5t      
becomes g5]al 7z inevitably x w1 "u !   
influ5ce ( advanc+ civilization71 ,i    
say1 t ,donne's pr9ciple w !n become    
applicable to ?is case1 & x w be ! duty 
( a man to die r ?an to suff] 8 own     
nature to be di%onor$ 9 t way4 ,b s long
 z a man is n fully s5sible ( ! di%onor1
 to him ! di%onor1 except z a p]sonal   
"o1 does n :olly exi/4 ,9 g5]al1 :5ev] a
 p>am\nt int]e/ ( human nature is at    
/ake1 a suicide :i* ma9ta9s t int]e/ is 

self-homicide3 b1 = a p]sonal int]e/1 x 
becomes self-murd]4 ,& into ?is pr9ciple
 ,donne's may be resolv$4         99    
99       99       99       99  ,a d\bt  
has be5 rais$--:e!r brute animals ev]   
commit suicide3 to me x is obvi\s t !y d
 n1 & _c4 ,"s ye>s ago1 h[ev]1 !re 0 a  
case report$ 9 all ! newspap]s ( an old 
ram :o committ$ suicide 7z x 0 alleg$7 9
 ! pres5ce ( _m witnesses4 ,n hav+ any  
pi/ols or razors1 he ran = a %ort       
di/ance1 9 ord] to aid ! impetus ( 8    
desc5t1 & leap$ ov] a precipice1 at !   
foot ( :i* he 0 da%$ to pieces4 ,8      
motive to ! 'ra% act1' z ! pap]s call$  
x1 0 suppos$ to be m]e ta$ium vitae4 ,b1
 = my "p1 ,i d\bt$ ! accuracy ( !       
report4 ,n long aft] a case occurr$ 9   
,we/morel& :i* /r5g!n$ my d\bts4 ,a f9e 
"y blood horse1 :o c\ld h no possible   
reason = mak+ away ) himself1 unless x 7
 ! high price ( oats at t "t1 0 f\nd "o 
morn+ dead 9 8 field4 ,! case 0 c]ta9ly 
a suspici\s "o3 = he 0 ly+ by ! side ( a
 /one-wall1 ! upp] "p ( :i* wall 8 skull

 _h fractur$1 & :i* _h return$ !        
complim5t by fractur+ 8 skull4 ,x 0     
argu$1 !re=e1 t 9 default ( ponds1 c4 he
 _h delib]ately hamm]$ ) 8 head aga9/ ! 
wall2 ?is1 at fir/1 seem$ ! only        
solution2 & he 0 g5]ally pron\nc$ felo  
de se4 ,h[ev]1 a day or two br\ght !    
tru? to light4 ,! field lay ^u ! side ( 
a hill3 &1 f a m\nta9 :i* rose above x1 
a %eph]d _h witness$ ! :ole cata/rophe1 
& gave evid5ce :i* v9dicat$ ! "* ( !    
horse4 ,! day _h be5 v w9dy2 & ! "y     
creature be+ 9 high spirits1 &1 c>+     
evid5tly z little = ! corn "q z = !     
bullion "q1 _h rac$ ab\t 9 all          
directions2 & at l5g?1 desc5d+ too /eep 
a "p ( ! field1 _h be5 unable to *eck   
himself1 & 0 project$ by ! impetus ( 8  
own desc5t l a batt]+ ram aga9/ ! wall4 
,( human suicides1 ! mo/ affect+ ,i h   
ev] se5 record$ is "o :i* ,i met ) 9 a  
,g]man book3 ! mo/ calm & delib]ate is !
 foll[+1 :i* is said to h occurr$ at    
,keswick1 9 ,cumb]l&3 b ,i mu/          
ackn[l$ge1 t ,i nev] _h an opportunity1 

:il/ /ay+ at ,keswick1 ( v]ify+ !       
/atem5t4 ,a "y man ( /udi\s turn1 :o is 
said to h resid$ ne> ,p5ri?1 0 anxi\s to
 qualify himself = ent]+ ! *ur*1 or =   
any o!r mode ( life :i* might secure to 
him a reasonable portion ( lit]>y       
leisure4 ,8 family1 h[ev]1 ?\ght t "u ! 
circum/ances ( 8 situation he w\ld h a  
bett] *ance = success 9 life z a        
tradesman2 & !y took ! necess>y /eps =  
plac+ him z an appr5tice at "s          
%opkeep]'s 9 ,p5ri?4 ,?is he look$ ^u z 
an indignity1 to :i* he 0 det]m9$ 9 no  
case to submit4 ,& accord+ly1 :5 he _h  
asc]ta9$ t all opposition to ! *oice ( 8
 fri5ds 0 useless1 he walk$ ov] to !    
m\nta9\s di/rict ( ,keswick 7ab\t sixte5
 miles di/ant7--look$ ab\t him 9 ord] to
 select 8 gr\nd--cooly walk$ up ,lattrig
 7a dep5d5cy ( ,skiddaw7--made a pill[ (
 sods--laid himself d[n ) 8 face look+  
up to ! sky--& 9 t po/ure 0 f\nd dead1 )
 ! appe>ance ( hav+ di$ tranquilly4     
,,footnotes  #a ,on :i* acc\nt1 ,i am ! 
m /ruck by ! ignoble argum5t ( ^?       

/atesm5 :o h cont5d$ 9 ! ,h\se (        
,commons t su* & su* classes ( m5 9 ?is 
nation are n accessible to any l(ti]    
influ5ces4 ,suppos+ t !re 7 any tru? 9  
?is ass]tion1 :i* is a libel n on ?is   
nation only1 b on man 9 g5]al1--surely x
 is ! duty ( lawgiv]s n to p]petuate by 
_! in/itutions ! evil :i* !y f9d1 b to  
presume & gradually to create a bett]   
_s4  #b ,( :i* degradation1 let x nev]  
be =gott5 t ,france b ?irty ye>s ago    
pres5t$ z %ock+ cases z any c\ntry1 ev5 
:]e slav]y is tol]at$4 ,an eye-witness  
to ! fact1 :o has s9ce publi%$ x 9 pr9t1
 told me1 t 9 ,france1 be=e !           
revolution1 he _h repeat$ly se5 a woman 
yok$ ) an ass to ! pl\gh2 & ! brutal    
pl\ghman apply+ 8 :ip indiff]5tly to    
ei!r4 ,engli% p1 to :om ,i h            
occasionally m5tion$ ?is z an expon5t ( 
! holl[ ref9em5t ( mann]s 9 ,france1 h  
uni=mly exclaim$--',t is m ?an ,i c     
believe2' & h tak5 x = grant$ t ,i _h my
 in=mation f "s prejudic$ ,engli%man4 ,b
 :o 0 my in=m]8 ,a ,fr5*man1 read]1     

--,m4 ,simond2 & ?\gh n[ by adoption an 
,am]ican citiz51 yet /ill ,fr5* 9 8 he>t
 & 9 all 8 prejudices4     ,,sup]ficial 
,,k4   ,x is ass]t$ t ?is is ! age (    
,sup]ficial ,k2 & among/ ! pro(s ( ?is  
ass]tion we f9d ,encyclopa$ias & o!r    
popul> ab/racts ( k p>ticul>ly insi/$   
on4 ,b 9 ?is notion & its alleg$ pro(s  
!re is equal error--:]ev] !re is mu*    
diffusion ( k1 !re mu/ be a good deal ( 
sup]ficiality3 prodigi\s ext5sion       
implies a due proportion ( weak         
int5sion2 a sea-l expansion ( k w cov]  
l>ge %all[s z well z l>ge dep?s4 ,b 9 t 
qu>t] 9 :i* x is sup]ficially cultivat$ 
! intellect ( ?is age is prop]ly oppos$ 
9 any j comp>ison to an intellect )\t   
any culture at all3--leav+ ! deep soils 
out ( ! comp>ison1 ! %all[ ones ( !     
pres5t day w\ld 9 any prec$+ "o h be5   
b>r5 wa/es4 ,( ?is our mod]n            
encyclop$ias are ! be/ pro(4 ,= :om are 
!y design$1 & by :om us$8--,by ^? :o 9 a
 =m] age w\ld h gone to ! f\nta9 heads8 
,no1 b by ^? :o 9 any age prec$+ !      

pres5t w\ld h drunk at no wat]s at all4 
,encyclop$ias are ! gr[? ( ! la/ hundr$ 
ye>s2 n because ^? :o 7 =m]ly /ud5ts (  
high] le>n+ h desc5d$1 b because ^? :o 7
 bel[ encyclopa$ias h asc5d$4 ,!        
greatness ( ! asc5t is m>k$ by ! /yle 9 
:i* ! m rec5t encyclopa$ias are execut$3
 at fir/ !y 7 m]e ab/racts ( exi/+      
books--well or ill execut$3 at pres5t !y
 conta9 _m orig9al articles ( great     
m]it4 ,z 9 ! p]iodical lit]ature ( !    
age1 s 9 ! encyclopa$ias x has become a 
matt] ( ambition ) ! publi%]s to reta9 !
 mo/ em95t writ]s 9 ea* sev]al dep>tm5t4
 ,& h5ce x is t our encyclopa$ias n[    
display "o *>act]i/ic ( ?is age--! v    
opposite ( sup]ficiality 7& :i* on o!r  
gr\nds we are well assur$ (7--viz4 its  
t5d5cy 9 sci5ce1 no less ?an 9 o!r      
applications ( indu/ry1 to extreme      
subdivision4 ,9 all ! employm5ts :i* are
 dep5d5t 9 any degree ^u ! political    
economy ( nations1 ?is t5d5cy is too    
obvi\s to h be5 ov]look$4 ,accord+ly x  
has long be5 notic$ = congratulation 9  

manufactures & ! useful arts-- & =      
c5sure 9 ! le>n$ pr(essions4 ,we h n[1 x
 is alleg$1 no great & compreh5sive     
lawy]s l ,coke3 & ! /udy ( m$ic9e is    
subdivid+ itself into a di/9ct m9i/ry 7z
 x 77 n m]ely ^u ! sev]al organs ( !    
body 7oculi/s1 auri/s1 d5ti/s1          
*eiropodi/s1 c47 b almo/ ^u ! sev]al    
diseases ( ! same organ3 "o man is      
di/+ui%$ = ! treatm5t ( liv] compla9ts (
 "o class--a second = ^? ( ano!r class2 
"o man = a/hma-- ano!r = ph?isis2 & s   
on4 ,z to ! law1 ! evil 7if x be "o7    
lies 9 ! complex /ate ( society :i* (   
necessity makes ! laws complex3 law     
itself is become unwieldy & beyond !    
grasp ( "o man's t]m ( life & possible  
range ( exp]i5ce3 & w nev] aga9 come )9 
!m4 ,) respect to m$ic9e1 ! case is no  
evil b a great b5efit--s long z !       
subdivid+ pr9ciple does n desc5d too l[ 
to all[ ( a p]petual re-asc5t into !    
g5]aliz+ pr9ciple 7! ,greek3 to commune7
 :i* secures ! unity ( ! sci5ce4 ,9     
anci5t times all ! evil ( su* a         

subdivision 0 no d\bt realiz$ 9 ,egypt3 
= !re a di/9ct body ( pr(essors took    
*>ge ( ea* organ ( ! body1 n 7z we may  
be assur$7 f any progress ( ! sci5ce    
outgr[+ ! "t & att5tion ( ! g5]al       
pr(essor1 b simply f an ignorance ( !   
organic /ructure ( ! human body & !     
reciprocal action ( ! :ole ^u ea* "p & !
 p>ts ^u ! :ole2 an ignorance ( ! same  
k9d :i* has l$ sailors s]i\sly 7& n     
m]ely1 z may sometimes h happ5$1 by way 
( joke7 to res]ve "o ulc]at$ leg to _!  
own managem5t1 :il/ ! o!r 0 giv5 up to !
 managem5t ( ! surgeon4 ,) respect to   
law & m$ic9e !n1 ! diff]5ce betwe5      
ourselves & our ance/ors is n subjective
 b objective2 n1 i4e4 9 our faculties :o
 /udy !m1 b 9 ! ?+s !mselves :i* are !  
objects ( /udy3 n we 7! /ud5ts7 are gr[n
 less1 b !y 7! /udies7 are gr[n         
bigg]2--& t our ance/ors did n subdivide
 z mu* z we d--0 some?+ ( _! luck1 b no 
"p ( _! m]it4 ,simply z subdivid]s !re=e
 to ! ext5t :i* n[ prevails1 we are less
 sup]ficial ?an any =m] age4 ,9 all p>ts

 ( sci5ce ! same pr9ciple ( subdivision 
holds3 "h !re=e1 no less ?an 9 ^? p>ts (
 k :i* are ! subjects ( di/9ct civil    
pr(essions1 we are ( necessity m pr(\nd 
?an our ance/ors2 b1 = ! same reason1   
less compreh5sive ?an !y4 ,is x bett] to
 be a pr(\nd /ud5t1 or a compreh5sive   
"o8 ,9 "s degree ?is mu/ dep5d ^u !     
direction ( ! /udies3 b g5]ally1 ,i ?9k1
 x is bett] = ! int]e/s ( k t ! s*ol>   
%\ld aim at pr(undity1 & bett] = !      
int]e/s ( ! individual t he %\ld aim at 
compreh5siv5ess4 ,a due balance &       
equilibrium ( ! m9d is b pres]v$ by a   
l>ge & multi=m k3 b k itself is b s]v$  
by an exclusive 7or at lea/ p>am\nt7    
d$ication ( "o m9d to "o sci5ce4 ,! fir/
 proposition is p]haps unconditionally  
true3 b ! second ) "s limitations4 ,!re 
are su* p z ,leibnitzes on ?is e>?2 & _!
 (fice seems n t ( planets--to revolve  
)9 ! limits ( "o sy/em1 b t ( comets    
7accord+ to ! !ory ( "s speculators7--to
 connect diff]5t sy/ems toge!r4 ,no d\bt
 !re is mu* tru? 9 ?is3 a few           

,leibnitzes 9 e age w\ld be ( mu* use3 b
 nei!r are _m m5 fitt$ by nature = ! "p 
( ,leibnitz2 nor w\ld ! aspect ( k be   
bett]1 if !y 74 ,we %\ld !n h a /ate (  
,grecian life among/ u 9 :i* e man      
individually w\ld atta9 9 a mod]ate     
degree all ! purposes ( ! sane          
und]/&+1--b 9 :i* all ! purposes ( !    
sane und]/&+ w\ld be b mod]ately atta9$4
 ,:at ,i mean is ?is3--let all ! objects
 ( ! und]/&+ 9 civil life or 9 sci5ce be
 repres5t$ by ! lett]s ( ! alphabet2 9  
,grecian life ea* man w\ld sep>ately g  
?r\gh all ! lett]s 9 a tol]able way2    
:]eas at pres5t ea* lett] is s]v$ by a  
di/9ct body ( m54 ,consequ5tly !        
,grecian individual is sup]ior to !     
mod]n2 b ! ,grecian :ole is inf]ior3 = !
 :ole is made up ( ! individuals2 & !   
,grecian individual repeats himself4    
,:]eas 9 mod]n life ! :ole d]ives its   
sup]iority f ! v circum/ances :i*       
con/itute ! inf]iority ( ! p>ts2 = mod]n
 life is ca/ dramatically3 & ! diff]5ce 
is z betwe5 an army consi/+ ( soldi]s :o

 %\ld ea* individually be compet5t to g 
?r\gh ! duties ( a dragoon--( a huss>--(
 a %>p-%oot]--( an artill]y-man--( a    
pione]1 c4 & an army on its pres5t      
composition1 :]e ! v inf]iority ( !     
soldi] z an individual--8 inf]iority 9  
compass & v]satility ( p[] & k--is ! v  
gr\nd f :i* ! army d]ives its sup]iority
 z a :ole1 viz4 because x is ! condition
 ( ! possibility ( a total surr5d] ( !  
individual to "o exclusive pursuit4 ,9  
sci5ce !re=e1 & 7to speak m g5]ally7 9 !
 :ole evolution ( ! human faculties1 no 
less ?an 9 ,political ,economy1 !       
progress ( society br+s ) x a necessity 
( sacrific+ ! ideal ( :at is excell5t = 
! individual1 to ! ideal ( :at is       
excell5t = ! :ole4 ,we ne$ !re=e n      
tr\ble ourselves 7except z a speculative
 "q7 ) ! comp>ison ( ! two /ates2       
because1 z a practical "q1 x is preclud$
 by ! ov]rul+ t5d5cies ( ! age--:i* no  
man c\ld c\nt]act except 9 8 own s+le   
case1 i4e4 by refus+ to adapt himself z 
a "p to ! :ole1 & ?us =ego+ ! advantages

 ( ei!r "o /ate or ! o!r4 #a            
,,footnote  #a ,! latt] "p ( :at is "h  
said co9cides1 9 a way :i* is r         
rem>kable1 ) a passage 9 an int]e/+ "w (
 ,s*ill]'s :i* ,i h s9ce read1 7on !    
,ae/hetic ,education ( ,m51 9 a s]ies ( 
lett]s3 vid4 lett] ! #f?47 ',) u 9  ord]
 to obta9 ! repres5tative ^w 7z x 77 ( !
 total species1 we mu/ spell x out by ! 
help ( a s]ies ( individuals4 ,s t on a 
survey ( society z x actually exi/s1 "o 
might suppose t ! faculties ( ! m9d d   
really 9 actual exp]i5ce %[ !mselves 9 z
 sep>ate a =m1 & 9 z mu* insulation1 z  
psy*ology is =c$ to exhibit !m 9 its    
analysis4 ,& ?us we see n only          
individuals1 b :ole classes ( m51       
unfold+ only "o "p ( ! g]ms :i* are laid
 9 !m by ! h& ( nature4 ,9 say+ ?is ,i  
am fully aw>e ( ! advantages :i* ! human
 species ( mod]n ages has1 :5 consid]$ z
 a unity1 ov] ! be/ ( antiquity3 b !    
comp>ison %\ld beg9 ) ! individuals3 &  
!n let me ask :]e is ! mod]n individual 
t w\ld h ! presumption to /ep =w>d aga9/

 ! ,a!nian individual--man to man1 & to 
cont5d = ! prize ( human excell5ce8 ,!  
polypus nature ( ! ,grecian republics1 9
 :i* e individual enjoy$ a sep>ate life1
 & if x 7 necess>y c\ld become a :ole1  
has n[ giv5 place to an artificial      
wat*-"w1 :]e _m lifeless p>ts comb9e to 
=m a me*anic :ole4 ,! /ate & ! *ur*1    
laws & mann]s1 are n[ torn asund]3 labor
 is divid$ f enjoym5t1 ! means f ! end1 
! ex]tion f ! rew>d4 ,*a9$ = ev] to a   
little individual fraction ( ! :ole1 man
 himself is m\ld$ into a fraction2 &1 ) 
! monoton\s :irl+ ( ! :eel :i* he turns 
ev]la/+ly 9 8 e>1 he nev] develops !    
h>mony ( 8 be+2 &1 in/ead ( imag+ !     
totality ( human nature1 becomes a b>e  
ab/ract ( 8 bus9ess or ! sci5ce :i* he  
cultivates4 ,! dead lett] takes ! place 
( ! liv+ und]/&+2 & a practis$ memory   
becomes a sur] guide ?an g5ius &        
s5sibility4 ,d\btless ! p[] ( g5ius1 z  
we all "k1 w n fett] itself )9 ! limits 
( its occupation2 b tal5ts ( m$iocrity  
are all exhau/$ 9 ! monotony ( !        

employm5t allott$ to !m2 & t man mu/ h  
no common head :o br+s ) him ! g5iality 
( 8 p[]s un/ripp$ ( _! fre%ness by !    
ung5ial labors ( life to ! cultivation (
 ! g5ial4' ,aft] insi/+ at "s l5g? on   
?is wise1 ,s*ill] passes to ! o!r side (
 ! contemplation1 & proce$s ?us3--',x   
suit$ my imm$iate purpose to po9t out ! 
injuries ( ?is condition ( ! species1   
)\t display+ ! comp5sations by :i*      
nature has balanc$ !m4 ,b ,i w n[       
readily ackn[l$ge--t1 little z ?is      
practical condition may suit ! int]e/s (
 ! individual1 yet ! species c\ld 9 no  
o!r way h be5 progressive4 ,p>tial      
ex]cise ( ! faculties 7lit]ally         
"o-sid$ness 9 ! ex]cise ( ! faculties7  
leads ! individual und\bt$ly into error1
 b ! species into tru?4 ,9 no o!r way   
?an by conc5trat+ ! :ole en]gy ( our _s1
 & by conv]g+ our :ole be+1 s to speak1 
into a s+le faculty1 c we put w+s z x 7 
to ! individual faculty & c>ry x by ?is 
artificial flight f> beyond ! limits )9 
:i* nature has else doom$ x to walk4 ,j 

z c]ta9 z x is t all human be+s c\ld    
nev]1 by clubb+ _! visual p[]s toge!r1 h
 arriv$ at ! p[] ( see+ :at ! telescope 
discov]s to ! a/ronom]2 j s c]ta9 x is t
 ! human intellect w\ld nev] h arriv$ at
 an analysis ( ! inf9ite or a ,critical 
,analysis ( ! ,pure ,reason 7! pr9cipal 
"w ( ,kant71 unless individuals _h      
dismemb]$ 7z x 77 & insulat$ ?is or t   
specific faculty1 & _h ?us arm$ _!      
intellectual sight by ! ke5e/ ab/raction
 & by ! subm]sion ( ! o!r p[]s ( _!     
nature4 ,extraord9>y m5 are =m$ !n by   
en]getic & ov]-excit$ spasms z x 7 9 !  
individual faculties2 ?\gh x is true t !
 equable ex]cise ( all ! faculties 9    
h>mony ) ea* o!r c alone make happy &   
p]fect m54' ,aft] ?is /atem5t1 f :i* x  
%\ld seem t 9 ! progress ( society      
nature has made x necess>y = man to     
sacrifice 8 own happ9ess to ! atta9m5t (
 h] ends 9 ! developm5t ( 8 species1    
,s*ill] goes on to inquire :e!r ?is evil
 result _c be rem$i$2 & :e!r '! totality
 ( our nature1 :i* art has de/roy$1     

might n be re-e/abli%$ by a high]       
art1'--b ?is1 z lead+ to a discussion   
beyond ! limits ( my own1 ,i omit4      
,,engli% ,,diction>ies4   ,x has        
already1 ,i believe1 be5 said m ?an once
 9 pr9t t "o condition ( a good         
diction>y w\ld be to exhibit ! hi/ory ( 
ea* ^w2 t is1 to record ! exact         
succession ( its mean+s4 ,b !           
philosophic reason = ?is has n be5 giv52
 :i* reason1 by ! way1 settles a "q (t5 
agitat$1 viz4 :e!r ! true mean+ ( a ^w  
be be/ asc]ta9$ f its etymology1 or f   
its pres5t use & acceptation4 ,mr4      
,col]idge says1 '! be/ explanation ( a  
^w is (t5 t :i* is sugge/$ by its       
d]ivation' 7,i give ! sub/ance ( 8 words
 f memory74 ,o!rs allege t we h no?+ to 
d ) ! primitive mean+ ( ! ^w2 t ! "q    
is--:at does x mean n[8 & !y appeal1 z !
 sole au?ority !y ackn[l$ge1 to !       
receiv$--     ,usus1 p5es quem e/ jus et
 norma loqu5di4  ,9 :at degree ea* p>ty 
is "r1 may be judg$ f ?is consid]ation  
--t no ^w c ev] deviate f its fir/ mean+

 p] saltum3 ea* successive /age ( mean+ 
mu/ always h be5 det]m9$ by t :i*       
prec$$4 ,& on ?is "o law dep5ds ! :ole  
philosophy ( ! case3 = x ?us appe>s t ! 
orig9al & primitive s5se ( ! ^w w conta9
 virtually all :i* c ev] aft]w>ds arise3
 z 9 ! evolution-!ory ( g5]ation1 ! :ole
 s]ies ( bir?s is repres5t$ z involv$ 9 
! fir/ p>5t4 ,n[1 if ! evolution (      
successive mean+s has gone on rightly1  
i4e4 by simply laps+ ?r\gh a s]ies (    
close aff9ities1 !re c be no reason =   
recurr+ to ! primitive mean+ ( ! ^w3 b1 
if x c be %[n t ! evolution has be5     
faulty1 i4e4 t ! *a9 ( true aff9ities   
has ev] be5 brok5 ?r\gh ignorance1 !n we
 h a "r to re=m ! ^w1 & to appeal f !   
usage ill-in/ruct$ to a usage bett]-    
in/ruct$4 ,:e!r we ought to ex]cise ?is 
"r1 w dep5d on a consid]ation :i* ,i w  
aft]w>ds notice4 ,meantime ,i w fir/    
give a few in/ances ( faulty evolution4 
#a4 ,implicit4 ,?is ^w is n[ us$ 9 a mo/
 ignorant way2 & f its misuse x has come
 to be a ^w :olly useless3 = x is n[    

nev] c\pl$1 ,i ?9k1 ) any o!r sub/antive
 ?an ^! two--fai? & confid5ce3 a poor   
doma9 inde$ to h sunk to f its orig9al  
wide range ( t]ritory4 ,moreov]1 :5 we  
say1 implicit fai?1 or implicit         
confid5ce1 we d n !reby indicate any    
specific k9d ( fai? & confid5ce diff]+ f
 o!r fai? or o!r confid5ce3 b x is a    
vague rhetorical ^w :i* expresses a     
great degree ( fai? & confid5ce2 a fai? 
t is unque/ion+1 a confid5ce t is       
unlimit$2 i4e4 9 fact1 a fai? t is a    
fai?1 a confid5ce t is a confid5ce4 ,su*
 a use ( ! ^w ought to be ab&on$ to     
wom53 d\btless1 :5 sitt+ 9 a b[] 9 !    
mon? ( ,may1 x is pleasant to he> f a   
lovely m\?--',i put implicit confid5ce 9
 y\r honor3' b1 ?\gh pretty & becom+ to 
su* a m\?1 x is v unfitt+ to ! m\? ( a  
s*ol>3 & ,i w be bold to affirm t no    
man1 :o _h ev] acquir$ a s*ol>'s k ( !  
,engli% language1 has us$ ! ^w 9 t lax &
 unmean+ way4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ^w is ?is4--
 ,implicit 7f ! ,lat9 implicitus1       
involv$ 91 fold$ up7 0 always us$       

orig9ally1 & /ill is s by s*ol>s1 z !   
direct anti!te ( explicit 7f ! ,lat9    
explicitus1 evolv$1 unfold$73 & ! use ( 
bo? may be ?us illu/rat$4  ,q4 ',did    
,mr4 ,a4 ev] say t he w\ld m>ry ,miss   
,b48'--,a4 ',no2 n explicitly 7i4e4 9 s 
_m words72 b he did implicitly--by %[+  
great displeasure if %e receiv$         
att5tions f any o!r man2 by ask+ h]     
repeat$ly to select furniture = 8 h\se2 
by consult+ h] on 8 own plans ( life4'  
,q4 ',did ,epicurus ma9ta9 any doctr9es 
su* z are "h ascrib$ to him8'--,a4      
',p]haps n explicitly1 ei!r 9 words or  
by any o!r mode ( direct sanction3 on ! 
contr>y1 ,i believe he d5i$ !m-- &      
disclaim$ !m ) vehem5ce3 b he ma9ta9$ !m
 implicitly3 = !y are involv$ 9 o!r     
ackn[l$g$ doctr9es ( 81 & may be d$uc$ f
 !m by ! faire/ & mo/ irresi/ible       
logic4'  ,q4 ',:y did y compla9 ( ! man8
 ,_h he express$ any contempt = y\r     
op9ion8'--,a4 ',yes1 he _h3 n explicit  
contempt1 ,i admit2 = he nev] op5$ 8    
/upid m\?2 b implicitly he express$ !   

utmo/ t he c\ld3 =1 :5 ,i _h spok5 two  
h\rs aga9/ ! old newspap]1 & 9 favor ( !
 new "o1 he w5t in/antly & put 8 "n d[n 
z a subscrib] to ! old "o4'  ,q4 ',did  
,mr4---- approve ( t g5tleman's conduct 
& way ( life8'-- ,a4 ',i don't "k t ,i  
ev] he>d him speak ab\t x3 b he seem$ to
 give x 8 implicit approbation by all[+ 
bo? 8 sons to associate ) him :5 !      
compla9ts ran highe/ aga9/ him4'  ,^!   
in/ances may s]ve to illu/rate ! orig9al
 use ( ! ^w2 :i* use has be5 reta9$ f ! 
sixte5? c5tury d[n to our own days by an
 un9t]rupt$ *a9 ( writ]s4 ,9 ! eighte5? 
c5tury ?is use 0 inde$ ne>ly effac$  b  
/ill 9 ! fir/ half ( t c5tury x 0 reta9$
 by ,saund]son ! ,cambridge pr(essor (  
ma!matics 7see 8 ,algebra1 c471 ) ?ree  
or f\r o!rs1 & 9 ! latt] half by a man  
to :om ,saund]son _h "s resemblance 9   
spr+ & ela/icity ( und]/&+1 viz4 by     
,edmund ,burke4 ,s9ce 8 day ,i "k ( no  
writ]s :o h avoid$ ! slang & unmean+ use
 ( ! ^w1 except+ ,messrs4 ,col]idge &   
,wordswor?2 bo? ( :om 7b especially !   

la/7 h be5 rem>kably att5tive to !      
s*ol>-l #a use ( words1 & to ! hi/ory ( 
_! own language4  ,?us mu* = ! primitive
 use ( ! ^w implicit4 ,n[1 ) reg>d to ! 
hi/ory ( its transition into its pres5t 
use1 x is briefly ?is2 & x w appe> at   
once1 t x has aris5 ?r\gh ignorance4 ,:5
 x 0 object$ to a papi/ t 8 *ur* exact$ 
an ass5t to a great body ( traditions & 
doctr9es to :i* x 0 impossible t ! great
 majority c\ld be qualifi$1 ei!r z      
respect$ "t--or k--or culture ( !       
und]/&+1 to give any reasonable         
ass5t1--! answ] 03 ',yes2 b t sort (    
ass5t is n requir$ ( a poor un$ucat$    
man2 all t he has to d--is to believe 9 
! *ur*3 he is to h fai? 9 h] fai?3 by t 
act he adopts = 8 own :atsoev] ! *ur*   
believes1 ?\gh he may nev] h ho>d ( x   
ev53 8 fai? is implicit1 i4e4 involv$ & 
wrapp$ up 9 ! fai? ( ! *ur*1 :i* fai? he
 firmly believes to be ! true fai? ^u ! 
conviction he has t ! *ur* is pres]v$ f 
all possibility ( err+ by ! _s ( ,god4' 
#b ,n[1 z ?is sort ( believ+ by proxy or

 implicit belief 79 :i* ! belief 0 n    
imm$iate 9 ! ?+ propos$ to ! belief1 b 9
 ! au?ority ( ano!r p]son :o believ$ 9 t
 ?+ & ?us m$iately 9 ! ?+ itself7 0     
con/antly attack$ by ! le>n$ assailants 
( pop]y1--x naturally happ5$ t _m       
unle>n$ read]s ( ^! prote/ant polemics  
caught at a phrase :i* 0 s mu* b&i$     
betwe5 ! two p>ties3 ! _s ( ! context   
suffici5tly expla9$ to !m t x 0 us$ by  
prote/ants z a t]m ( reproa*1 & indicat$
 a fai? t 0 an errone\s fai? by be+ too 
easy--too submissive--& too passive3 b !
 p>ticul> mode ( ?is errone\sness !y    
seldom came to und]/&1 z le>n$ writ]s   
naturally employ$ ! t]m )\t explanation1
 presum+ x to be kn[n to ^? :om !y      
address$4 ,h5ce ^! ignorant read]s      
caught at ! la/ result ( ! phrase       
'implicit fai?' rightly1 truly suppos+ x
 to imply a resign$ & unque/ion+ fai?2 b
 !y miss$ ! :ole imm$iate cause ( mean+ 
by :i* only ! ^w 'implicit' c\ld ev] h  
be5 entitl$ to express t result4  ,i h  
all[$ myself to say s mu* on ?is ^w     

'implicit1' because ! hi/ory ( ! mode by
 :i* its true mean+ 0 lo/ applies almo/ 
to all o!r corrupt$ words--mutatis      
mut&is3 & ! am\nt ( x may be collect$   
into ?is =mula1--t ! result ( ! ^w is   
appreh5d$ & reta9$1 b ! s*ematismus by  
:i* t result 0 ev] rea*$ is lo/4 ,?is is
 ! brief !ory ( all corruption ( words4 
,! ^w s*ematismus ,i h unwill+ly us$1   
because no o!r expresses my mean+4 ,s   
great & ext5sive a doctr9e h[ev] lurks 9
 ?is ^w1 t ,i def] ! explanation ( x to 
a sep>ate article4 ,meantime a passable 
s5se ( ! ^w w occur to e body :o reads  
,greek4 ,i n[ g on to a few m in/ances (
 words t h =feit$ _! orig9al mean+ ?r\gh
 ! ignorance ( ^? :o us$ !m4            
',punctual4' ,?is ^w is n[ conf9$ to !  
meagre d5ot+ ( accuracy 9 respect to    
"t--fidelity to ! precise mom5t ( an    
appo9tm5t4 ,b orig9ally x 0 j z (t51 & j
 z reasonably1 appli$ to space z to "t2 
',i _c punctually det]m9e ! orig9 ( !   
,danube2 b ,i "k 9 g5]al ! di/rict 9 :i*
 x rises1 & t its f\nta9 is ne> t ( !   

,rh9e4' ,n only1 h[ev]1 0 x appli$ to "t
 & space1 b x _h a l>ge & v elegant     
figurative use4 ,?us 9 ! ,hi/ory ( !    
,royal ,society by ,sprat 7an au?or :o 0
 f9ical & nice 9 8 use ( words7--,i     
rememb] a s5t5ce to ?is effect3 '!      
,society gave punctual directions = !   
conduct+ ( exp]im5ts2' i4e4 directions  
:i* desc5d$ to ! m9utiae & l[e/ details4
 ,aga9 9 ! once popul> romance (        
,p>ismus ,pr9ce ( ,bohemia--',%e' 7,i   
=get :o7 'made a punctual relation ( !  
:ole matt]2' i4e4 a relation :i* 0      
p]fectly circum/antial & true to !      
m9ute/ features ( ! case4   ,,footnotes 
#a ,among ! mo/ %ock+ ( ! uns*ol>like   
b>b>isms1 n[ preval5t1 ,i mu/ notice !  
use ( ! ^w 'nice' 9 an objective in/ead 
( a subjective s5se3 'nice' does n & _c 
express a quality ( ! object1 b m]ely a 
quality ( ! subject3 yet we he> daily ( 
'a v nice lett]'--'a nice "y lady1' c41 
mean+ a lett] or a "y lady t x is       
pleasant to contemplate3 b 'a nice "y   
lady'--means a fa/idi\s "y lady2 & 'a   

nice lett]' ought to mean a lett] t is v
 delicate 9 its rat+ & 9 ! *oice ( its  
company4  #b ,?us ,milton1 :o 79 common 
) 8 contempor>ies7 always uses ! ^w     
accurately1 speaks ( ,ezekiel 'swall[+ 8
 implicit roll ( k'--i4e4 com+ to ! k ( 
_m tru?s n sep>ately & 9 detail1 b by ! 
act ( arriv+ at "s "o ma/] tru? :i*     
involv$ all ! re/4--,s aga91 if any man 
or gov]nm5t 7 to suppress a book1 t man 
or gov]nm5t might ju/ly be reproa*$ z ! 
implicit de/roy] ( all ! wisdom & virtue
 t might h be5 ! remote products ( t    
book4     ,,dryd5',s ,,hexa/i*4   ,x is 
a rem>kable fact1 t ! v f9e/ epigram 9 !
 ,engli% language happ5s also to be !   
wor/4 ,epigram ,i call x 9 ! au/]e      
,greek s5se2 :i* ?us f> resembl$ our    
mod]n idea ( an epigram1 t some?+ po9t$ 
& alli$ to wit 0 dem&$ 9 ! managem5t ( !
 lead+ ?\ght at its close1 b o!rwise    
no?+ t5d+ t[>ds ! comic or ! ludicr\s4  
,! epigram ,i speak ( is ! well-kn[n "o 
( ,dryd5 d$icat$ to ! glorification (   
,milton4 ,x is irreproa*able z reg>ds   

its sev]e brevity4 ,n "o ^w is !re t    
c\ld be sp>$2 nor c\ld ! wit ( man h ca/
 ! movem5t ( ! ?\ght into a bett] m\ld4 
,!re are ?ree c\plets4 ,9 ! fir/ c\plet 
we are rem9d$ ( ! fact t ?is e>? _h1 9  
?ree diff]5t /ages ( its developm5t1    
giv5 bir? to a tr9ity ( transc5d5t      
poets2 mean+ n>rative poets1 or1 ev5 m  
n>r[ly1 epic poets4 ,! duty ?r[n ^u !   
second c\plet is to *>act]ize ^! ?ree   
poets1 & to value !m aga9/ ea* o!r1 b 9 
su* t]ms z t1 :il/ no?+ less ?an ! v    
highe/ praise %\ld be assign$ to ! two  
eld] poets 9 ?is tr9ity--! ,greek & !   
,roman-- nev]!less1 by "s dext]\s       
artifice1 a high] praise ?an ! highe/   
%\ld sudd5ly unmask itself1 & drop1 z x 
71 l a diadem f ! cl\ds ^u ! br[s ( _!  
,engli% competitor4 ,9 ! k9d (          
expectation rais$1 & 9 ! extreme        
difficulty ( adequately meet+ ?is       
expectation1 !re 0 pretty mu* ! same    
*all5ge (f]$ to ,dryd5 z 0 (f]$1 some:]e
 ab\t ! same "t1 to a ,briti% ambassador
 :5 d9+ ) 8 political antagoni/s4 ,"o ( 

^!--! ambassador ( ,france--_h propos$  
to dr9k 8 ma/]1 ,l\is ,,xiv41 "u ! "* ( 
! sun1 :o disp5s$ life & light to ! :ole
 political sy/em4 ,to ?is !re 0 no      
objection2 & imm$iately1 by way (       
int]cept+ any fur!r draughts ^u ! re/ ( 
! sol> sy/em1 ! ,dut* ambassador rose1 &
 propos$ ! heal? ( _! high might9esses !
 ,sev5 ,unit$ ,/ates1 z ! moon & six #a 
planets1 :o gave light 9 ! abs5ce ( !   
sun4 ,! two =eign ambassadors1 ,monsieur
 & ,mynhe]1 secretly enjoy$ !           
mortification ( _! ,engli% bro!r1 :o    
seem$ to be ?us left 9 a /ate (         
bankruptcy1 'no funds' be+ available =  
retaliation1 or s !y fanci$4 ,b sudd5ly 
our ,briti% repres5tative toa/$ 8 ma/] z
 ,jo%ua1 ! son ( ,nun1 t made ! sun &   
moon /& /ill4 ,all _h seem$ lo/ =       
,engl&1 :5 9 an in/ant ( "t bo? h]      
antagoni/s 7 *eckmat$4 ,dryd5 assum$    
some?+ ( ! same position4 ,he gave away 
! supreme jewels 9 8 ex*equ]2 app>5tly  
no?+ rema9$ beh9d2 all 0 exhau/$4 ,to   
,hom] he gave ,a2 to ,virgil he gave ,b2

 &1 behold6 aft] ^! 7 giv5 away1 !re    
rema9$ no?+ at all t w\ld n h be5 a     
second>y praise4 ,b1 9 a mom5t ( "t1 by 
giv+ ,a & ,b to ,milton1 at "o sl+ ( 8  
victori\s arm he rais$ him above ,hom]  
by ! :ole ext5t ( ,b1 & above ,virgil by
 ! :ole ext5t ( ,a4 ,?is felicit\s      
evasion ( ! emb>rassm5t is accompli%$ 9 
! second c\plet2 &1 f9ally1 ! ?ird      
c\plet w9ds up ) graceful effect1 by    
mak+ a resume1 or recapitulation ( !    
logic conc]n$ 9 ! di/ribution ( prizes j
 ann\nc$4 ,nature1 he says1 _h x n 9 h] 
p[] to provide a ?ird prize sep>ate f ! 
fir/ & second2 h] res\rce 01 to jo9 !   
fir/ & second 9 comb9ation3 ',to make a 
?ird1 %e jo9$ ! =m] two4'  ,su* is !    
ab/ract ( ?is fam\s epigram2 &1 judg$   
simply by ! outl9e & t5d5cy ( ! ?\ght1 x
 m]its all ! va/ popul>ity :i* x has    
e>n$4 ,b 9 ! meantime1 x is radically   
vici\s z reg>ds ! fill+ 9 ( ?is outl9e2 
= ! p>ticul> quality 9 :i* ,hom] is     
accr$it$ ) ! pre-em95ce1 viz41 l(t9ess (
 ?\ght1 happ5s to be a m]e v>iety (     

expression = t quality1 viz4 maje/y1 9  
:i* ! pre-em95ce is aw>d$ to ,virgil4   
,hom] excels ,virgil 9 ! v po9t 9 :i*   
lies ,virgil's sup]iority to ,hom]2 & t 
syn!sis1 by means ( :i* a great triumph 
is res]v$ to ,milton1 becomes obvi\sly  
impossible1 :5 x is p]ceiv$ t ! suppos$ 
analytic elem5ts ( ?is syn!sis are blank
 reit]ations ( ea* o!r4  ,exce$+ly /rik+
 x is1 t a ?\ght %\ld h prosp]$ = "o    
hundr$ & sev5ty ye>s1 :i*1 on ! slighte/
 /ead9ess ( exam9ation1 turns out to be 
no ?\ght at all1 b m]e blank vacuity4   
,!re is1 h[ev]1 ?is ju/ification ( !    
case1 t ! m\ld1 ! set ( *annels1 into   
:i* ! metal ( ! ?\ght is meant to run1  
really has ! felicity :i* x appe>s to h3
 ! =m is p]fect2 & x is m]ely 9 ! matt]1
 9 ! accid5tal fill+ up ( ! m\ld1 t a   
fault has be5 committ$4 ,_h ! ,virgilian
 po9t ( excell5ce be5 lovel9ess in/ead (
 maje/y1 or any ^w :atev] sugge/+ !     
common anti!sis ( sublimity & beauty2 or
 _h x be5 p[] on ! "o side1 mat*$ aga9/ 
grace on ! o!r1 ! true lurk+ t5d5cy ( ! 

?\ght w\ld h be5 develop$1 & !          
sub-consci\s purpose ( ! epigram w\ld h 
fulfill$ itself to ! lett]4  ,n4,b4--,x 
is n meant t l(t9ess ( ?\ght & maje/y   
are expressions s entirely              
int]*angeable1 z t no %ades ( diff]5ce  
c\ld be sugge/$2 x is en\gh t ^! '%ades'
 are n sub/antial en\gh1 or broad en\gh1
 to support ! weight ( opposition :i* ! 
epigram assigns to !m4 ,grace &         
elegance1 = in/ance1 are f> f be+ 9 all 
relations synonym\s2 b !y are s to !    
full ext5t ( any purposes conc]n$ 9 ?is 
epigram4 ,nev]!less1 x is probable en\gh
 t ,dryd5 _h mov+ 9 8 ?\ghts a relation 
( ! ^w maje/y1 :i*1 if develop$1 w\ld h 
done ju/ice to 8 mean+4 ,x 01 p]haps1 ! 
decorum & su/a9$ dignity ( !            
composition--! workman%ip ap>t f !      
native gr&eur ( ! mat]ials--! maje/ic   
/yle ( ! arti/ic treatm5t z di/+ui%$ f !
 orig9al creative p[]--:i* ,dryd51 !    
translator ( ! ,roman poet1 famili>     
!re=e ) 8 weakness & ) 8 /r5g?1 meant 9 
?is place to pr$icate z *>act]i/ically  

obs]vable 9 ,virgil4   ,,footnote  #a   
',six planets2'--,no m _h !n be5        
discov]$4     ,,pope',s ,,retort ,,^u   
,,addison4   ,!re is no?+ extraord9>y1  
or t c\ld m]it a special notice1 9 a    
simple case ( ov]sight1 or 9 a blund]1  
?\gh emanat+ f ! greate/ ( poets4 ,b su*
 a case *all5ges & =ces our att5tion1 :5
 we "k t ! p>ticul> passage 9 :i* x     
occurs 0 wr\ght & burni%$ ) excessive   
pa9s2 or 7:i* 9 ?is case is also kn[n7  
:5 t p>ticul> passage is pu%$ into s+ul>
 prom95ce z hav+ obta9$ a s+ul> success4
 ,9 no "p ( 8 poetic mission did ,pope s
 fasc9ate ! gaze ( 8 contempor>ies z 9 8
 functions ( satiri/2 :i* functions1 9 8
 latt] ye>s1 absorb$ all o!r functions4 
,& "o reason1 ,i believe1 :y x 0 t !    
int]e/ ab\t ,pope decay$ s rapidly aft] 
8 dea? 7an accid5t some:]e notic$ by    
,wordswor?71 mu/ be s\ght 9 ! fact1 t ! 
mo/ /++ ( 8 p]sonal allusions1 by :i* he
 _h giv5 salt to 8 lat] writ+s1 7       
cont9ually los+ _! edge1 & sometimes _! 
intelligibility1 z ,pope's own          

contempor>y g5]ation 0 dy+ (f4 ,pope    
alleges x z a palliation ( 8 satiric    
malice1 t x _h be5 =c$ f him 9 ! way (  
retaliation2 =gett+ t su* a plea        
wilfully abjures ! gr&e/ ju/ification ( 
a satiri/1 viz41 ! delib]ate assumption 
( ! "* z some?+ correspond+ to !        
prophet's mission among/ ! ,hebrews4 ,x 
is no long] ! facit indignatio v]sum4   
,pope's satire1 :]e ev5 x 0 mo/         
effective1 0 p]sonal & v9dictive1 & ^u t
 argum5t alone c\ld n he philosophic4   
,=emo/ 9 ! ord] ( 8 fulm9ations /ood1 & 
yet /&s1 ! bloody ca/igation by :i*1    
accord+ to 8 own pret5ce1 he w>n$ &     
m5ac$ 7b by :i*1 9 simple tru?1 he      
execut$ judgm5t ^u7 8 false fri5d1      
,addison4  ,to say t ?is drew va/ r\nds 
( applause ^u its au?or1 & fright5$ its 
object into deep sil5ce = ! re/ ( 8     
life1 l ! ,quos ego ( angry ,neptune1   
suffici5tly argues t ! v]ses mu/ h      
pl\gh$ z deeply z ! ,russian kn\t4      
,vitriol c\ld n scor* m fi]cely4 ,& yet 
! :ole passage re/s ^u a blund]2 & !    

blund] is s broad & palpable1 t x       
implies in/ant =getfulness bo? 9 ! writ]
 & ! read]4 ,! idea :i* furni%es ! basis
 ( ! passage is ?is3 t ! conduct ascrib$
 to ,addison is 9 its own nature s      
despicable1 z to extort laught] by its  
prim>y impulse2 b t ?is laught] *anges  
into weep+1 :5 we come to und]/& t !    
p]son conc]n$ 9 ?is del9qu5cy is        
,addison4 ,! *ange1 ! transfiguration1 9
 our mood ( contemplat+ ! (f5ce1 is *>g$
 ^u ! discov]y :i* we are suppos$ to    
make z to ! p]son ( ! (f5d]2 t :i* by   
its bas5ess _h be5 simply comic :5      
imput$ to "s correspond+ au?or1 passes  
into a tragic c\p-de-!atre1 :5 x is     
sudd5ly trac$ back to a man ( orig9al   
g5ius4 ,! :ole1 !re=e1 ( ?is effect is  
made to dep5d ^u ! sudd5 sc5ical        
transition f a suppos$ petty crim9al to 
"o ( high di/9ction4 ,&1 meantime1 no   
su* /age effect _h be5 possible1 s9ce ! 
k t a man ( g5ius 0 ! (f5d] _h be5 :at  
we />t$ ) f ! beg9n+4 ',our laught] is  
*ang$ to te>s1' says ,pope1 'z soon z we

 discov] t ! base act _h a noble au?or4'
 ,&1 behold6 ! initial feature 9 ! :ole 
description ( ! case is1 t ! libell] 0  
"o :om 'true g5ius fir$3'    ',peace to 
all su*6 ,b 7 !re "o ^: m9d   ,true     
g5ius fires1' c4  ,be=e ! (f5ce is      
describ$1 ! p]petrator is already       
*>act]iz$ z a man ( g5ius3 &1 9 spite ( 
t k1 we laugh4 ,b sudd5ly our mood      
*anges1 & we weep1 b :y8 ,i besee* y4   
,simply because we h asc]ta9$ ! au?or to
 be a man ( g5ius4    ',:o w\ld n laugh1
 if su* a man !re be8    ,:o w\ld n     
weep1 if ,atticus 7 he8'  ,! sole reason
 = weep+ is some?+ t we knew already    
be=e we began to laugh4  ,x w\ld n be "r
 9 logic1 9 fact1 x w\ld be a           
mis-classification1 if ,i %\ld cite z at
 all belong+ to ! same gr\p sev]al      
passages 9 ,milton t come v ne> to ,iri%
 bulls1 by virtue ( di/ort$ language4   
,"o reason aga9/ su* a classification   
w\ld lie precisely 9 t fact--viz41 t !  
assimilation to ! category ( bulls lurks
 9 ! v]bal expression1 & n 7z 9 ,pope's 

case7 among/ ! conditions ( ! ?\ght4 ,& 
a second reason w\ld lie 9 ! /range     
circum/ance1 t ,milton _h n fall5 into  
?is sn>e ( diction ?r\gh any c>elessness
 or ov]sight1 b ) 8 eyes wide op51      
delib]ately av[+ 8 error z a special    
elegance2 repeat+ x2 & well aw>e (      
spl5did ,grecian au?ority = 8 error1 if 
anybody %\ld be bold en\gh to call x an 
error4 ,e read] mu/ be aw>e ( ! case--  
',adam ! goodlie/ man ( m5 s9ce born    
,8 sons2 ! faire/ ( h] daught]s ,eve'-- 
:i* makes ,adam "o ( 8 own sons1 ,eve "o
 ( h] own daught]s4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is     
au?oriz$ by ,grecian usage 9 ! sev]e/   
writ]s4 ,nei!r c x be alleg$ t ^! might 
be bold poetic expressions1 h>moniz+ ) !
 ,grecian idiom2 = ,poppo has illu/rat$ 
?is s+ul> =m ( expression 9 a           
prose-writ]1 z philosophic & au/]e z    
,?ucydides2 a =m :i* 7z x (f5ds aga9/   
logic7 mu/ (f5d equally 9 all languages4
 ,"s beauty mu/ h be5 describ$ 9 !      
idiom1 su* z aton$ = its solecism3 =    
,milton recurs to ! same idiom1 & "u !  

same entire fre$om ( *oice1 else:]e2    
p>ticul>ly 9 ?is in/ance1 :i* has n be5 
po9t$ out3 ',& nev]1' says ,satan to !  
abhorr$ phantoms ( ,s9 & ,dea?1 :5      
cross+ 8 pa?1    ',& nev] saw till n[   
,sight m dete/able ?an him & !e4'  ,n[1 
!re=e1 x seems1 he _h se5 a sight m     
dete/able ?an ?is v sight4 ,he n[ look$ 
^u some?+ m hateful ?an ,x ,y ,z4 ,:at 0
 x8 ,x 0 ,x ,y ,z4  ,b ! au?ority (     
,milton1 back$ by t ( insol5t ,greece1  
w\ld prove an ov]mat* = ! logic (       
c5turies4 ,& ,i )draw1 !re=e1 f ! ra%   
attempt to qu>rel ) ?is sort ( bull1    
involv+ itself 9 ! v]bal expression4 ,b 
! foll[+1 :i* lies root$ 9 ! m]e facts &
 incid5ts1 is c]ta9ly ! mo/ extraord9>y 
practical bull #a t all lit]ature c     
furni%4 ,& a /rang] ?+1 p]haps1 ?an !   
ov]sight itself lies 9 ?is--t n any     
critic ?r\gh\t ,europe1 two only        
except$1 b has fail$ to detect a blund] 
s memorable4 ,all ! rampant audacity (  
,b5tley--'sla%+ ,b5tley'--all ! jeal\s  
malignity ( ,dr4 ,johnson--:o hat$      

,milton )\t disguise z a republican1 b  
secretly & "u a mask w\ld at any rate h 
hat$ him f jeal\sy ( 8 s*ol>%ip--_h n   
avail$ to %>p5 ^! practis$ & ^! int]e/$ 
eyes into ! detection ( an ov]sight :i* 
argues a sudd5 ,le!an =getfulness on !  
"p ( ,milton2 & 9 _m g5]ations ( read]s1
 h[ev] alive & awake ) malice1 a        
correspond+ =getfulness n less a/oni%+4 
,two read]s only ,i h ev] he>d ( t      
escap$ ?is le?>gic inatt5tion2 "o ( :i* 
two is myself2 & ,i ascribe my success  
p>tly to good luck1 b p>tly to "s m]it  
on my own "p 9 hav+ cultivat$ a habit ( 
sy/ematically accurate read+4 ,if ,i    
read at all1 ,i make x a duty to read   
truly & fai?fully4 ,i pr(ess allegiance 
= ! "t to ! man :om ,i und]take to /udy2
 & ,i am z loyal to all ! engagem5ts    
involv$ 9 su* a contract1 z if ,i _h    
come "u a sacram5tum milit>e4 ,s x 0 t1 
:il/ yet a boy1 ,i came to p]ceive1 ) a 
wond] n yet exhau/$1 t unacc\ntable     
blund] :i* ,milton has committ$ 9 ! ma9 
n>rative on :i* ! epic fable ( !        

',p>adise ,lo/' turns z its h+es4 ,& _m 
a ye> aft]w>ds ,i f\nd t ,paul ,ri*t]1  
^: vigilance no?+ escap$1 :o c>ri$ ) him
 ?r\gh life '! eye ( ! hawk1 & ! fire   
!re91' _h n fail$ to make ! same        
discov]y4 ,x is ?is3 ,! ar*angel ,satan 
has designs ^u man2 he m$itates 8 ru92 &
 x is kn[n t he does4 ,specially to     
c\nt]act ^! designs1 & = no o!r purpose 
:atev]1 a *oir ( angelic police is      
/ation$ at ! gates ( ,p>adise1 hav+ 7,i 
repeat7 "o sole commission1 viz41 to    
keep wat* & w>d ov] ! ?reat5$ safety ( !
 newly creat$ human pair4 ,ev5 at ! v   
fir/ ?is duty is neglect$ s ?or\ghly1 t 
,satan ga9s access )\t *all5ge or       
suspicion4 ,t is awful3 =1 ask y\rself1 
read]1 h[ a con/able or an inspector (  
police w\ld be receiv$ :o _h be5 /ation$
 at ,no4 #f1 on a secret in=mation1 &   
sp5t ! night 9 mak+ love at ,no4 #ae4   
,?r\gh ! regul> surveillance at ! gates1
 ,satan passes )\t objection2 & he is   
fir/ ( all detect$ by a purely accid5tal
 collision dur+ ! r\nds ( ! junior      

angels4 ,! result ( ?is collision1 & ( !
 exam9ation :i* foll[s1 is :at no read] 
c ev] =get--s unspeakable is ! gr&eur ( 
t sc5e betwe5 ! two ho/ile ar*angels1 :5
 ! ,fi5d 7s nam$ at ! mom5t "u ! f9e    
ma*9]y us$ by ,milton = exalt+ or       
depress+ ! ideas ( 8 nature7 f9ally     
takes 8 flight z an inc>nation (        
d>kness1             ',& fl$   ,murmur+2
 & ) him fl$ ! %ades ( night4  ,!       
d>kness fly+ ) him1 naturally we h !    
feel+ t he is ! d>kness1 & t all d>kness
 has "s ess5tial relation to ,satan4  ,b
 n[1 hav+ ?us witness$ 8 t]rific        
expulsion1 naturally we ask :at 0 !     
sequel4 ,f\r books1 h[ev]1 are int]pos$ 
be=e we rea* ! answ] to t "q4 ,?is is ! 
reason t we fail to rem>k ! extraord9>y 
ov]sight ( ,milton4 ,dislocat$ f its    
imm$iate plan 9 ! succession ( incid5ts1
 t sequel eludes our notice1 :i* else & 
9 its natural place w\ld h %ock$ u      
beyond measure4 ,! simple ab/ract ( !   
:ole /ory is1 t ,satan1 be+ eject$1 &   
/]nly *>g$ "u ,almighty m5aces n to     

intrude ^u ! "y ,p>adise ( ,god1 'rides 
) d>kness' = exactly "o week1 &1 hav+   
dige/$ 8 wra? r ?an 8 fe>s on ! octave (
 8 solemn bani%m5t1 )\t demur1 or d\bt1 
or tremor1 back he plunges into ! v     
c5tre ( ,ed54 ,on a ,friday1 suppose1 he
 is expell$ ?r\gh ! ma9 entrance3 on !  
,friday foll[+ he re-ent]s ^u ! =bidd5  
premises ?r\gh a cl&e/9e entrance4 ,!   
up%ot is1 t ! heav5ly police suff]1 9 ! 
fir/ place1 ! "o sole enemy1 :o 0 or    
c\ld be ! object ( _! vigilance1 to pass
 )\t inque/ or suspicion2 ?us !y        
inaugurate _! task2 secondly1 by ! m]e/ 
accid5t 7no ?anks to _! fidelity7 !y    
detect him1 & ) awful adjurations s5t5ce
 him to p]petual bani%m5t2 b1 ?irdly1 on
 8 imm$iate return1 9 utt] contempt ( _!
 s5t5ce1 !y ignore him altoge!r1 &      
app>5tly act ^u ,dogb]ry's direction1 t1
 ^u meet+ a ?ief1 ! police may suspect  
him to be no true man2 &1 ) su* mann] ( 
m51 ! less !y m$dle or make1 ! m x w be 
= _! hone/y4   ,,footnote4  #a ,x is    
/range1 or r x is n /range1 consid]+ !  

feebl5ess ( t lady 9 su* a field1 t     
,miss ,edgewor? always fanci$ h]self to 
h caught ,milton 9 a bull1 "u           
circum/ances :i*1 :il/ leav+ ! %ad[ ( a 
bull1 effectually dis[n ! sub/ance4 ',& 
9 ! l[e/ deep a l[] deep /ill op5s to   
dev\r me4' ,?is is ! passage d5\nc$ by  
,miss ,edgewor?4 ',if x 0 already ! l[e/
 deep1' said ! fair lady1 'h[ ! deuce   
7no1 p]haps x might be ,i t said 'h[ !  
deuce'7 c\ld x op5 into a l[] deep8'    
,yes1 h[ c\ld x8 ,9 c>p5try1 x is cle>  
to my m9d t x c\ld n4 ,b1 9 cases ( deep
 imag9ative feel+1 no ph5om5on is m     
natural ?an precisely ?is nev]-end+ gr[?
 ( "o colossal gr&eur *as+ & surm\nt+   
ano!r1 or ( abysses t swall[$ up        
abysses4 ,p]secutions ( ?is class       
(t5times are among/ ! symptoms ( fev]1 &
 among/ ! inevitable spontaneities (    
nature4 ,o!r p ,i h kn[n :o 7 incl9$ to 
class among/ bulls ,milton's all-fam\s  
expression ( 'd>kness visible1' :]eas x 
is n ev5 a bold or d>+ expression2 x    
describes a pure optical exp]i5ce ( v   

common occurr5ce4 ,!re are two sep>ate  
d>knesses or obscurities3 fir/1 t       
obscurity by :i* y see dimly2 &         
secondly1 t obscurity :i* y see4 ,! fir/
 is ! atmosph]e ?r\gh :i* vision is     
p]=m$1 &1 !re=e1 "p ( ! subjective      
conditions ess5tial to ! act ( see+4 ,! 
second is ! object ( y\r sight4 ,9 a    
glass-h\se at night illum9at$ by a sull5
 fire 9 "o corn]1 b else d>k1 y see !   
d>kness mass$ 9 ! re> z a black object4 
,t is ! 'visible d>kness4' ,& on ! o!r  
h&1 ! murky atmosph]e betwe5 y & !      
di/ant re> is n ! object1 b ! m$ium1    
?r\gh or a?w>t :i* y descry ! black     
masses4 ,! fir/ d>kness is subjective   
d>kness2 t is1 a d>kness 9 y\r own eye1 
& entangl$ ) y\r v faculty ( vision4 ,! 
second d>kness is p]fectly diff]5t3 x is
 objective d>kness2 t is to say1 n any  
d>kness :i* affects or modifies y\r     
faculty ( see+ ei!r = bett] or worse2 b 
a d>kness :i* is ! object ( y\r vision2 
a d>kness :i* y see project$ f y\rself z
 a massy volume ( blackness1 & project$1

 possibly1 to a va/ di/ance4