,,rog] ,,williams ,illu/ration3 ,/atue ( ,rog] ,williams 9 ,rog] ,williams ,p>k1 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,,rog] ,,williams ,,prophet ,,& ,,pione] ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,by ,,ar?ur ,b4 ,,/rickl& ,illu/ration ,,! ,,judson ,,press ,,bo/on ,,*icago ,,/4 ,,l\is ,,new ,,york ,,los ,,angeles ,,kansas ,,city ,,seattle ,,toronto ,copyright1 #aiai1 by ,,gilb]t ,n4 ,,br9k1 ,,secret>y ,publi%$ ,june1 #aiai ,,to ,my ,wife ,,sympa!tic ,,help] ,,& ,,inspir+ ,,companion ,,9 ,,all ,,my ,,"w ,,?is ,,book ,,is ,,lov+ly ,,inscrib$ ,,bapti/ ,,sp>ks ,,f ,a ,,hebrew ,,anvil 8,ev5 ! abs5ce ( a def9ite exp]im5t mu/ n det] him4 ,he w\ld create a society :]e ! pr9ciples w\ld be put to ! te/4 ,he w\ld fa%ion a ,/ate :]e ! ,*ur* & ! cr[n w\ld be mutually helpful ?\gh indep5d5t4 ,he w\ld create a condition ( humanity :]e ! sov]eignty ( ! s\l be=e ,god w\ld be respect$1 & :]e e man1 believ] or disbeliev]1 ,g5tile1 ,jew1 or ,turk1 w\ld h untrammel$ opportunity = ! display & ex]cise ( ! fai? )9 him4 ,"h lies ! core ( 8 h]oism60 ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,monum5t ,,at ,,rog] ,,williams ,,p>k 8,?is "o monum5t speaks ! gratitude ( "o ,/ate4 ,b ! :ole c\ntry has an eloqu5t voice ( appreciation4 ,ev5 z ! tomb/one ( ,sir ,*ri/oph] ,wr51 ! build] ( ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral1 intones ! l>g] praise :5 x says1 #8,if y w\ld see 8 monum5t1 look ar\nd y1' s w\ld we po9t to ! great pr9ciples ( equal & religi\s fre$om1 writt5 into ! ,con/itution ( =ty-eight ,/ates1 & engrav5 on ! m9ds ( n9ety millions ( p 9 our c\ntry & mak+ _! moral & civic influ5ce felt all ov] ! civiliz$ globe1 z wor?y tributes to ! g5ius ( ,rog] ,williams40 --,extracts f ,?anksgiv+ ,address on 8,rog] ,williams10 deliv]$ by ,rabbi ,abram ,simon1 ,ph4 ,d41 to ,re=m$ ,congregation ,k5ese? ,israel1 ,philadelphia1 ,novemb] #bd1 #aiab4 ,,preface ,! f\r ye>s ( ! great w> h witness$ two a/\nd+ facts1 namely1 ! recrudesc5ce ( an anci5t b>b>ism & ! _w-wide application ( ! ideals ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,dur+ ^! mom5t\s times ! fronti]s ( b>b>ism & ( civilization 7 cle>ly m>k$4 ,! great] "p ( ! _w decl>$ its position & took sides ) "o or o!r ( ! conte/ants4 ,! :ole _w 0 ei!r = or aga9/1 ei!r fri5d or foe to1 ! ess5tial pr9ciples ( a ,*ri/ian civilization4 ,x 0 no accid5t t ! tor* ( ! ,hun & ! ,cross ( ! ,*ri/ %\ld meet aga9 on ! old hi/oric battle-gr\nd betwe5 ! ,somme & ! ,rh9e1 & especially at ! ,m>ne4 ,we ?ank ,god 9 victory's h\r t ! ,cross ( ! ,*ri/ is aga9 triumphant1 & we tru/ ! tor* ( ! ,hun is ext+ui%$ =ev]4 ,autocracy's s]p5t head has be5 cru%$ b5ea? ! heel ( a militant democracy4 ,t bruis$ heel is our rem9d] ( ! co/ ( victory4 ,x /agg]s ! imag9ation to /ate 9 t]ms ( manhood1 mat]ials1 & money ! price we h paid to make a _w safe = democracy4 ,! eyes ( a _w h be5 op5$4 ,m5 h ?\ght ( ,calv>y1 ! price ! ,son ( ,god paid to r$eem ! wayw>d1 wick$ _w4 ,m5 ?r\gh _! ,calv>y h come to und]/& ! message ( ,*ri/'s ,cross--t all m5 are ( equal value 9 ! sight ( humanity's ,god1 & !re=e are entitl$ to equal privileges 9 ! _w he has made = _! happ9ess4 ,out f ! %ambles ( ^! w>-torn ye>s !re has come =?1 sl[ly & c]ta9ly1 ) ev]-increas+ cle>ness1 ! %9+ =m ( ! ideal supreme1 ! tru? triumphant1 ! pr9ciple ( full1 free1 absolute s\l-lib]ty4 ,z ! ?ir/y c>avan turns to ! spr+s1 z ! m>9] turns to 8 compass 9 ! d>ke/ night1 s ! w>-we>y _w--all p>ts ( x1 bo? t ( fri5d & t ( foe--looks besee*+ly to ,am]ica & to ! ideal ( :i* %e is ! great exempl>4 ,f h] %ores !re w5t =? an army :i* "u ,god turn$ ! tide aga9/ b>b>ism & made possible ! f9al victory = civilization4 ,t army 0 compos$ ( m5 ^: fa!rs repres5t$ e nation "u heav54 ,"s :o receiv$ ! highe/ honor = di/+ui%$ s]vice 7 born "u ! v flags !y s\ght to ov]?r[4 ,x 0 humanity's army1 dom9at$ by ideals di/9ctly ,am]ican1 :i* f\ght1 n = milit>y glory1 n = helli% hatr$1 n = selfi% ga91 b z ! crusad]s ( a new ord]1 ( an int]national frat]nity4 ,! di/9ctive feature ( ,am]ica's greatness is n h] b\ndless weal?1 n h] limitless res\rces1 n h] inimitable v]satility4 ,x is ! ideal :i* %e has inh]it$ f h] fa!rs4 ,t ideal1 9 ! =efront ( ! _w's ?\ght today1 _h its ye/]day ( suff]+ & ( sacrifice4 ,x is timely 9 ! h\r ( democracy's triumph to turn our ?\ghts t[>d ! g5esis ( s\l-lib]ty 9 ,am]ica4 ,today millions ( m5 esp\se h] sacr$ cause4 ,9 ! dawn ( ,am]ican hi/ory1 9 ! e>ly colonial times1 a misund]/ood1 malign$1 & p]secut$ refugee1 ,rog] ,williams1 /ood almo/ alone z h] def5d]4 ,driv5 f mo!rl& & f adopt$ home1 he f\nd among ! savages ( ! wild]ness a place :]e he c\ld live out 8 pr9ciples ( s\l-lib]ty & grant freely to o!rs :at he desir$ = himself4 ,he has be5 rightly call$ 8,! ,fir/ ,am]ican10 because he 0 ! fir/ to actualize 9 a commonweal? ! di/9ctively ,am]ican pr9ciple ( fre$om = m9d & body & s\l4 ,rog] ,williams 0 n ! discov]] ( ! pr9ciple ( s\l-lib]ty4 ,:at ,jesus did & said 0 ! tor* ( tru? de/9$ to illum9e ! :ole _w4 ,8 dea? on ! cross 0 ! voice ( ,god 9 eloqu5t t]ms1 tell+ u t all m5 7 equal %>]s 9 8 love & entitl$ to equal opportunities & privileges 9 ! _w :i* he _h made = man's well-be+4 ,*ri/ taught cle>ly t m5 %\ld n =ce o!rs to belief 9 him or to ,*ri/ian conduct1 nor de/roy ^? :o fail$ to foll[ 8 tea*+s z !y saw !m4 ,= c5turies fai?ful witnesses kept alive 9 ! _w ^! preci\s tru?s4 ,9 fact1 = a mill5nium ! "n ,anabapti/ or ,bapti/ 0 synonym\s ) s\l-lib]ty4 ,bapti/s on ! ,cont95t & 9 ,engl& s[$ broadca/ ^! se$s :i* l$ to a glori\s h>ve/ 9 ! new _w4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,rog] ,williams ! ,bapti/s 9 ! colonies cont9u$ ! "w s nobly begun by him4 ,9 ! face ( bitt]e/ p]secution !y labor$ = a c5tury be=e ! mu*-desir$ pr9ciple ( s\l-lib]ty 0 int]wov5 into our ,national ,con/itution & protect$ by ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t4 ,our ,we/]n ,hemisph]e repres5ts two types ( civilization4 ,! ,rio ,gr&e is ! divid+ l9e betwe5 a civilization :i* is ,bapti/ 9 its di/9ctive & ess5tial "* & "o :i* is non-,bapti/4 ,to ! nor? we see :at ! democracy ( ! s\l c d :5 associat$ ) ! democracy ( political rights4 ,to ! s\? we see b ! twilight ( civilization1 a place :]e !re is political democracy 9 "n1 b :]e x is r5d]$ p[]less because ! m9d & s\l d n enjoy full fre$om4 ,x is ! diff]5ce betwe5 religi\s democracy & religi\s autocracy4 ,to ! nor? ! ,bible is lov$1 x is /udi$ freely1 & its pr9ciples are foll[$4 ,x is a l& :]e ! ,bible is un*a9$ & :]e ! prevail+ religions are ( a *ur* )\t a bi%op 9 a l& )\t a k+4 ,to ! s\? ! ,bible is practically suppress$1 its /udy is disc\rag$1 & its tru?s g unhe$$4 ,europe1 ?\ art look+ across ! seas to ,am]ica4 ,look to all ?ree ,am]icas4 ,political democracy is univ]sal 9 ,nor?1 ,c5tral1 & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,ask ?yself ! "q1 ,:y is ! civilization ( ! nor? s attractive8 ,x is because ,religi\s ,lib]ty is m>ri$ to ,political ,lib]ty4 ,do/ ?\ want our bless$ness8 ,!n see to x t ?y new-born democracies & ?9e anci5t ones h complete s\l-lib]ty4 ,give ! ,bible a *ance to bless ?y /rick5 l&s4 ,let ! tru?s f ,god's book d _! revolution>y "w = !e z !y h = ,god's lib]ty l& on ?is side ( ! sea4 ,religi\s lib]ty has un*a9$ ! ,bible1 scatt]$ ! d>kness ( sup]/ition1 flood$ our cont95t ) light & bless+4 ,x has toppl$ selfi% autocrats f _! ?rones1 x has unlock$ ! %ackles f ! feet ( millions :o 7 liv+ 9 spiritual & physical slav]y4 ,religi\s lib]ty op5s ! doors & lets ,god's sunlight ( tru? ent] to w>m & bless ! _w4 ,to ,rog] ,williams & ! hi/oric ,bapti/ d5om9ation we turn = ! /ory ( ! g5esis & gr[? ( ?is great bless+ 9 ,am]ica4 ,!re is an ef=t1 9 evid5ce 9 ! secul> & religi\s press ( ,am]ica1 &1 9 "s sections1 9 _m ( our public s*ools1 to rob bo? ,williams & ! ,bapti/s ( _! cr[n ( glory4 ,9 c]ta9 qu>t]s bo? ,prote/ants & ,ca?olics are attribut+ ! honor ( giv+ bir? to religi\s lib]ty to communions :i* c5turies ago p]secut$ our ,bapti/ =efa!rs unto bani%m5t & dea?4 ,! e>ly ,am]ican ,colonies c be divid$ into ?ree classes4 ,"o class includ$ ^? :o s\ght = uni=mity 9 religion4 ,exile & dea? 7 resort$ to to make t religi\s uni=mity possible4 ,bapti/s 7 m>tyr$ 9 ,massa*usetts & ,virg9ia4 ,ano!r class includ$ ^? :o grant$ a tol]ation to o!r ,*ri/ian religions1 b :o d5i$ political privileges to ,jews1 infidels1 or ,unit>ians4 ,m>yl& & ,p5nsylvania1 al?\gh f> advanc$ f ! p]secut+ _s ( "s ( ! colonies1 belong to ?is second class4 ,!re 0 ano!r class1 repres5t$ at fir/ by ! smalle/ ( ! colonies1 little ,bapti/ ,rhode ,isl&1 :i* gave full1 absolute1 religi\s lib]ty4 ,no political privilege 0 dep5d5t on religi\s belief4 ,! attitude ( ! e>ly coloni/s to ! ,jews is ! acid te/ ( _! claim to priority z ! advocates ( s\l-lib]ty 9 ,am]ica4 ,hebrew s*ol>s & /atesm5 d n hesitate to give _! tribute ( honor to ,rog] ,williams & ! ,bapti/s4 ,! ,hon4 ,osc> ,s4 ,/raus1 twice ,am]ican ,ambassador to ,turkey1 ,secret>y ( ,labor & ,comm]ce 9 ! late ,presid5t ,roosevelt's ,cab9et1 & ,presid5t ( ! ,league to ,en=ce ,peace1 said on ,janu>y #ac1 #aiai1 on ! eve ( sail+ = ,europe & ! ,peace ,conf]5ce3 ,if ,i 7 ask$ to select f all ! great m5 :o h left _! impress ^u ?is cont95t f ! days t ! ,puritan ,pilgrims set foot on ,plym\? ,rock1 until ! "t :5 only a few days ago we laid to re/ ! greate/ ,am]ican 9 our g5]ation--,!odore ,roosevelt2 if ,i 7 ask$ :om to hold be=e ! ,am]ican p & ! _w to typify ! ,am]ican _s ( fairness1 ( fre$om1 ( lib]ty 9 ,*ur* & ,/ate1 ,i w\ld )\t any hesitation select t great prophet :o e/abli%$ ! fir/ political community on ! basis ( a free ,*ur* 9 a free ,/ate1 ! great & immortal ,rog] ,williams4444 ,he became a ,bapti/1 or z !y 7 !n call$1 ,anabapti/1 because to 8 _s & ideals ! ,bapti/ fai? approa*$ ne>] ?an any o!r--a community & a *ur* :i* is fam\s = nev] hav+ /a9$ its h&s ) ! blood ( p]secutors4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,apo/le ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty #a ,,ii4 ,,! ,,f\nd+ ,,( ,,provid5ce #bg ,,iii4 ,,! ,,hi/oric ,,cu/odians ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty #eg ,,iv4 ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,,at ,,home ,,9 ,a ,,commonweal? #gi ,v4 ,,f ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,,to ,,absolute ,,civil ,,lib]ty #ajc ,,vi4 ,,! ,,tor*-,,be>]s ,,( ,,! ,,ideal ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams ,,until ,,lib]ty ,,enlight5$ ,,! ,,_w #aai ,,vii4 ,,! ,,_w-,,wide ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams' ,,ideal #acg ,,/udy ,,outl9e ,,( ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,times ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams #ade ,a ,,select$ ,,bibliography #adi ,,an ,,it9]>y ,,= ,a ,,hi/oric ,,pilgrimage #aea ,,ackn[l$gm5t ,! au?or desires to express 8 indebt$ness to ! ,john ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y1 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i41 to ! 8,provid5ce ,magaz9e10 to ! ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society1 to ! ,rog] ,williams ,p>k ,museum1 & to ! ,new ,york ,city ,public ,libr>y1 = valuable assi/ance r5d]$ 9 secur+ illu/rations = ?is book4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,page ,/atue ( ,rog] ,williams ,frontispiece ,copy ( ,%or?& ,f\nd 9 ,indian ,bible #d ,sir ,edw>d ,coke #e ,*>t]h\se ,s*ool #i 8,a ,key into ! ,language ( ,am]ica0 #ab ,bo/on1 #afcb #ac ,! ,=t & ,*apel on ! ,hill ,:]e ,rog] ,williams ,prea*$ #ac ,pembroke ,college #ag ,fac-simile f ,orig9al ,records ( ! ,ord] = ! ,bani%m5t ( ,rog] ,williams #bj ,orig9al ,*ur* at ,salem1 ,mass4 #ba ,site ( ,home ( ,rog] ,williams 9 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 #ba ,sun-dial & ,compass ,us$ by ,rog] ,williams 9 ,8 ,flight #cj ,spr+ at ! ,seekonk ,settlem5t #ca ,tablet ,m>k+ ,seekonk ,site #ca ,:at ,*e] ,rock4 ,l&+-place ( ,rog] ,williams #ca ,orig9al ,de$ ( ,provid5ce f ! ,indians #ce ,williams' ,lett] ( ,transf]5ce to ,8 ,lov+ ,fri5ds #ci ,! ,orig9al ,provid5ce 8,compact0 #da ,! ,fir/ ,division ( ,home ,lots 9 ,provid5ce #de 8,simplicities ,def5ce0 #dg ,! ,arrival ( ,rog] ,williams ) ! ,*>t] #di 8,mr4 ,cotton's ,lett] ,lately ,pr9t$0 #eb 8,! ,bl\dy ,t55t1 444 discuss$0 #ec ,rog] ,williams' ,ref]5ce to 8,an ,humble ,supplication0 9 ,8 8,bl\dy ,t55t0 #ed 8,*ri/5+s make n ,*ri/ians0 #fc ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,provid5ce #fe ,rog] ,m[ry's 8,ord9>ie40 ,built #afec1 ,demoli%$ #aijj #fe ,int]ior ( ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*1 ,provid5ce #fi ,bell ( ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*1 ,provid5ce #gc 8,! ,f\r? ,pap]1 444 by ,maior ,butl]0 #hb 8,! ,bl\dy ,t55t1 ,wa%$0 #hd 8,! ,bloody ,t55t yet ,m ,bloody0 #he 8,! ,hirel+ ,m9i/ry0 #hg 8,exp]im5ts ( ,spiritual ,life & ,heal?0 #hh 8,george ,fox ,digg'd out ( 8 ,burr[es0 #ij ,models ( ,indian ,village 9 ,rog] ,williams ,p>k ,museum #ia 8,a ,new-,engl& ,fire-,br& ,qu5*$0 #id ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society ,museum #ie ,apple ,tree ,root f ! ,grave ( ,rog] ,williams #ie ,grave ( ,rog] ,williams #ie ,new ,te/am5t ,title-page ( ,rog] ,williams' ,indian ,bible #ih ,indian ,bible ,us$ by ,rog] ,williams1 ! ,pione] ,mission>y to ! ,am]ican ,indians #ii ,orig9al ,home ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 9 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 #aji ,br[n ,univ]sity 9 ,e>ly ,n9ete5? ,c5tury #aji ,capitol ,build+ 9 ,provid5ce1 ,:]e ! ,*>t] is ,kept #aac ,city ,hall1 ,provid5ce1 ,:]e ! ,compact1 ,indian ,de$1 & ,lett] ( ,transf]5ce ,are ,kept #aac ,ord] ,bani%+ ! ,f\nd]s ( ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* 9 ,bo/on #abc 8,ill ,newes f ,new-,engl&0 #abe ,john ,cl>ke ,memorial1 ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,newport1 ,r4 ,i4 #abg ,grave ( ,john ,cl>ke #abg ,! ,law 9 ,william ,p5n's ,colony #abi ,! ,law ,conc]n+ ,religi\s ,tol]ation 9 ,m>yl& ,colony #acj ,puritan-,religi\s-,lib]ty6 #aca ,william ,rog]s #acc ,james ,mann+ #acc ,isaac ,backus #acc ,i ,,! ,,apo/le ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,t body-kill+1 s\l-kill+1 /ate-kill+ doctr9e ( n p]mitt+ b p]secut+ all o!r consci5ces & ways ( wor%ip b 8 own 9 ! civil /ate4444 ,:ole nations & g5]ations ( m5 h be5 =c$ 7?\gh unreg5]ate & unrep5tant7 to pret5d & assume ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :i* only belongs1 accord+ to ! in/itution ( ! ,"l ,jesus1 to truly reg5]ate & rep5tant s\ls4 ,secondly1 t all o!rs diss5t+ f !m1 :e!r ,jews or ,g5tiles1 _! c\ntrym5 especially 7= /rang]s h a lib]ty71 h n be5 p]mitt$ civil habitation 9 ?is _w ) !m1 b h be5 di/ress$ & p]secut$ by !m4--,rog] ,williams' ,e/imate ( ,religi\s ,p]secution4 ,! pr9ciple ( religi\s lib]ty did n ass]t itself1 save 9 "o in/ance1 at once t ,am]ican colonization 0 begun4 ,= ! mo/ "p1 ! f\nd]s ( ^! colonies came to ?is c\ntry imbu$ ) ! ideas conc]n+ ! relations betwe5 gov]nm5t & religion1 :i* _h be5 univ]sal 9 ,europe4444 ,?is makes ! attitude ( our ,am]ican exception1 ,rog] ,williams1 ! m /rik+ & significant4 ,m ?an "o hundr$ ye>s 9 advance ( 8 "t1 he d5i$ ! entire !ory & practice ( ! pa/4--,san=d ,cobb4 ,rog] ,williams advocat$ ! complete sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 at a "t :5 !re 0 no hi/orical example ( su* sep>ation4--,newman4 ,,! ,,apo/le ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,a gov]nm5t ( ! p1 =m$ by ! p = ! p1 ) ,*ur* & ,/ate completely sep>ate1 & ) political privileges n dep5d5t on religi\s belief1 0 organiz$ & ma9ta9$ successfully = ! fir/ "t 9 ,*ri/5dom 9 ,rhode ,isl&1 ! smalle/ ( ! ,am]ican ,colonies4 ,its inspiration & f\nd] 0 ,rog] ,williams1 ! apo/le ( s\l-lib]ty4 ,because he 0 ! fir/ ass]t] ( ! pr9ciple :i* has s9ce be5 recogniz$ z ! di/9ctive "* ( our national greatness1 he has be5 call$ 8,! ,fir/ ,am]ican40 ,little is kn[n ( ! p]sonal appe>ance ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,8 contempor>ies describe him z a man ( 8no ord9>y p>ts10 ) 8a nev]-fail+ sweetness ( temp] & unque/ion$ piety40 ,!y also said he 0 a man ( 8unyield+ t5acity ( purpose1 a man :o c\ld grasp a pr9ciple 9 all its be>+s & :o c\ld incorporate x 9 a social compact40 8,he 0 no crude1 unle>n$ agitator1 b a s*ol> & ?9k]40 ,gov]nor ,brad=d speaks ( him z 8hav+ _m preci\s p>ts40 ,gov]nor ,w9?rop ref]s to him z 8a godly m9i/]40 ,! arti/'s conception1 bas$ ^u ^! *>act]i/ics1 is be/ express$ by a monum5t 9 ,rog] ,williams ,p>k1 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,x is ! "w ( ,frankl9 ,simmons1 & 0 erect$ by ! city ( ,provid5ce 9 #ahgg4 ,9 a beautiful p>k ( ov] f\r hundr$ acres ) hills & drives & lakes1 surr\nd$ by trees & %rubb]y1 & on l& orig9ally pur*as$ f ! ,indians by ,williams1 ! illu/ri\s pione] ( a new ord] is se5 9 h]oic =m4 ,he seems to be look+ out ov] ! v colony he =m$4 ,9 8 h& he holds a volume1 entitl$ 8,s\l-,lib]ty1 #afcf10 a title :i* has s9ce become synonym\s ) 8 "n4 ,hi/ory is se5 writ+ 8#afcf10 ! bir? ye> ( s\l-lib]ty 9 ,am]ica4 ,%e cont9ues to write ) increas+ appreciation ( ! f>-rea*+ influ5ce ( ?is illu/ri\s h]o ( religi\s & political democracy4 ,illu/ration3 ,copy ( ,%or?& ,f\nd on ,fly-leaf ( ,rog] ,williams' ,indian ,bible ,= _m ye>s s*ol>s ?\ght t ,rog] ,williams 0 born at ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury at ,gw9e>1 ,cornwall1 ,engl&4 ,n[ x is g5]ally believ$ t he 0 born 9 ,london1 ,engl&1 9 ! op5+ ye>s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,he _h two bro!rs & a si/]4 ,8 fa!r 0 a tailor4 ,ab\t ?is "t ,timo?y ,bright & ,pet] ,bales introduc$ into ,engl& a new me?od ( writ+ :i* 0 call$ 8%or?&40 ,! boy ,rog] ,williams le>n$ x & visit$ ! fam\s ,/> ,*amb] to put x into practice4 ,! judge notic$ ! lad & inspect$ 8 "w4 ,to 8 amazem5t1 ! record 0 complete & accurate4 ,?is judge1 ,sir ,edw>d ,coke1 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ lawy] & juri/ ( 8 day1 imm$iately took an int]e/ 9 ! lad1 & became 8 patron1 secur+ = ,williams admission to ! ,*>t]h\se ,s*ool4 ,?is 0 ! s*ool :]e ,john ,wesley1 ,?ack]ay1 ,addison1 & o!rs 7 educat$4 ,he 0 admitt$ z a p5sion]1 9 ,june1 #afba4 ,lat]1 ?r\gh ,coke's influ5ce1 he 0 admitt$ to ,pembroke ,college1 ,cambridge1 9 ,june1 #afbc4 ,he 0 graduat$ ) ! degree ( ba*elor ( arts 9 #afbg1 & ! ye> foll[+ 0 admitt$ to holy ord]s4 ,ab\t ?is "t he 0 disappo9t$ 9 a love affair1 ! lady ( 8 *oice be+ ,jane ,:alley4 ,he s\ght p]mission ( h] aunt1 ,lady ,b>r+ton1 to m>ry h]4 ,:5 refus$1 he wrote a /rik+ lett] 9 :i* he pr$ict$ = ,lady ,b>r+ton a v unhappy h]eaft] unless %e rep5t$4 ,illu/ration3 ,sir ,edw>d ,coke ,c\rtesy ( 8,provid5ce ,magaz9e0 ,9 #afbi1 we f9d him at ,high ,laves1 ,essex1 n f> f ,*elmes=d1 :]e ,?omas ,hook]1 lat] ! f\nd] ( ,h>t=d ,colony1 0 m9i/]4 ,"h he also met ,john ,cotton4 ,m5's views at t "t 7 *ang+4 ,! p ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* 7 divid$ into ?ree classes4 ,"o /ood by ! ,e/abli%$ ,ord] 9 all ?+s2 ano!r class ( ,puritans s\ght to /ay by ! ,*ur*1 b aim$ to purify ! movem5t2 ! ?ird class 0 = absolute sep>ation4 ,williams1 ) hundr$s ( o!rs1 0 di/urb$4 ,! ang] ( ,lady ,b>r+ton & ! suspicions ( ,ar*bi%op ,laud />t$ a p]secution :i* drove him out ( ,engl&4 ,he said3 ,i 0 p]secut$ 9 & out ( my fa!r's h\se4 ,truly x 0 z bitt] z dea? to me :5 ,bi%op ,laud pursu$ me out ( ! l&1 & my consci5ce 0 p]suad$ aga9/ ! national *ur*1 & c]emonies & bi%ops4444 ,i say1 x 0 z bitt] z dea? to me :5 ,i rode ,w9dsor way to take %ip at ,bri/ol4 ,_m ye>s lat] he wrote3 ,he 7,god7 kn[s :at ga9s & pref]m5ts ,i h refus$ 9 univ]sities1 city1 c\ntry1 & c\rt 9 old ,engl&1 & some?+ 9 ,new ,engl&1 to keep my s\l undefil$ 9 ?is po9t & n to act ) a d\bt+ consci5ce4 ,be=e leav+ ,engl&1 he 0 m>ri$4 ,! only in=mation we h 9 reg>d to 8 wife1 up to t "t1 is t h] "n 0 ,m>y ,w>n$4 ,!y sail$ on ! %ip ,lyon1 f ,bri/ol1 ,engl&1 ,decemb] #a1 #afcj4 ,aft] a tempe/u\s j\rney ( sixty-six days !y arriv$ (f ,nantasket1 ,febru>y #e1 #afca4 ,judge ,durfee speaks ?us ( ?is flight3 ,he 0 oblig$ to fly or dissemble 8 convictions1 & = him1 z = all noble/ natures1 a life ( transp>5t tru?fulness 0 alone an in/9ct & a necessity4 ,?is absolute s9c]ity is ! key to 8 "*1 z x 0 always ! ma9spr+ ( 8 conduct4 ,x 0 ?is :i* l$ him to reject indignantly ! compromises ) 8 consci5ce :i* f "t to "t 7 propos$ to him4 ,x 0 ?is :i* impell$ him :5 he discov]$ a tru? to proclaim x1 :5 he detect$ an error to expose x1 :5 he saw an evil1 to try & rem$y x1 & :5 he c\ld d a good1 ev5 to 8 enemies1 to d x4 ,^u 8 arrival 9 ,bo/on he 0 invit$ to become ! tea*] 9 ! ,bo/on *ur*1 succe$+ ,mr4 ,wilson :o 0 ab\t to return to ,engl&4 ,to 8 surprise1 he discov]$ t ! ,bo/on *ur* 0 a *ur* unsep>at$ f ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & he felt consci5ti\sly b\nd to decl9e _! invitation4 ,! ,bo/on p1 :o believ$ _! *ur* to be ! 8mo/ glori\s on e>?10 7 a/oni%$ at 8 refusal4 ,williams w\ld n act z _! tea*] unless !y publicly rep5t$ ( _! relation to ! ,e/abli%$ ,ord]4 ,x 0 p]fectly natural t a s\l ) convictions1 su* z ,williams possess$1 %\ld desire to be absolutely sep>at$ f ! ,e/abli%$ ,ord]4 ,"o incid5t f _m w %[ ! _s ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* 9 ,engl& t[>d ^? )9 its ranks :o _h become ,puritan1 let alone ,sep>ati/4 ,neal1 9 8 8,hi/ory ( ! ,puritans10 tells1 ( ,doctor ,leighton's p]secution 9 ,engl&4 ,he 0 arre/$ by ,ar*bi%op ,laud & ! foll[+ s5t5ce 0 pass$ ^u him3 ,t he be committ$ to ! prison ( ! ,fleet = life1 & pay a f9e ( t5 ?\s& p\nds2 t ! ,high ,commission %\ld degrade him f 8 m9i/ry1 & t he %\ld be br\ght to ! pillory at ,we/m9/]1 :ile ! c\rt 0 sitt+ & be publicly :ipp$2 aft] :ipp+ be set ^u ! pillory a conv5i5t "t1 & h "o ( 8 e>s cut (f1 "o side ( 8 nose split1 & be br&$ 9 ! face ) a d\ble ,s4 ,s4 = a s[] ( s$ition3 t !n he %\ld be c>ri$ back to prison1 & aft] a few days be pillory$ a second "t 9 ,*eapside1 & h ! o!r side ( 8 nose split1 & 8 o!r e> cut (f & !n be %ut up 9 close prison = ! re/ ( 8 life4 ,9 ! di/rict 9 :i* ,rog] ,williams liv$ ?is s5t5ce 0 c>ri$ out 9 all its helli% cruelty j prior to ,williams' bani%m5t f ,engl&4 ,d we blame ! exile ,williams = repudiat+ ! movem5t :i* at t h\r 0 s wick$ 9 its p]secutions8 ,he meant to h a sea betwe5 him & a ?+ s hateful4 ,john ,cotton said t ,williams look$ ^u himself z "o :o 8_h receiv$ a cle>] illum9ation & appreh5sion ( ! /ate ( ,*ri/'s k+dom1 & ( ! purity ( *ur* communion1 ?an all ,*ri/5dom besides40 ,cotton ,ma!r said t ,williams _h 8a w9dmill 9 8 head40 ,well = ,am]ica t su* a w9dmill 0 !re & t he 0 a prophet ) cle> visions ( tru?4 ,illu/ration3 ,*>t]h\se ,s*ool ,c\rtesy ( 8,provid5ce ,magaz9e0 ,aft] refus+ ! ,bo/on *ur*1 ,rog] ,williams 0 invit$ by ! ,salem *ur* to be assi/ant to ,mr4 ,skelton1 _! ag$ tea*]4 ,he accept$ _! invitation & became ,tea*]1 ,april #ab1 #afca4 ,! ,g5]al ,c\rt 9 ,bo/on remon/rat$ ) ! ,salem *ur*4 ,! p]secution ( ?is c\rt l$ d\btless to 8 retirem5t f ,salem at ! close ( t summ]4 ,he left ! ,massa*usetts ,bay ,colony & became assi/ant to ,ralph ,smi?1 ! pa/or at ,plym\?4 ,! ,plym\? p1 be+ /rict ,sep>ati/s1 7 m cong5ial company1 s9ce !y _h )drawn f ! ,e/abli%$ ,ord] to =m a *ur* aft] ! patt]n ( ! ,primitive ,*ur* model4 ,williams rema9$ 9 ,plym\? = ab\t two ye>s4 ,gov]nor ,brad=d soon detect$ 8 advanc$ positions1 relative to sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 b consid]$ x 8que/ionable judgm5t40 ,he prais$ 8 qualities z a m9i/]1 writ+ ?us ( him3 ,8 tea*+1 well approv$1 = e b5efit :]e( ,i /ill bless ,god1 & am ?ankful to him1 ev5 = 8 %>pe/ admonitions & repro(s1 s f> z !y agre$ ) tru?4 ,gov]nor ,w9?rop1 ) ,mr4 ,wilson1 tea*] ( ! ,bo/on *ur*1 visit$ ,plym\? at ?is "t4 ,!y 7 v k9dly treat$ & fea/$ e day at sev]al h\ses4 ,on ! ,"l's ,day1 !re 0 a sacram5t :i* !y did p>take 92 &1 9 ! aft]noon1 ,mr4 ,rog] ,williams 7accord+ to _! cu/om7 prop\nd$ a "q1 to :i* ! ,pa/or1 ,mr4 ,smi?1 spoke briefly2 !n ,mr4 ,williams prophesi$2 & aft] ! ,gov]nor ( ,plym\? spoke to ! "q4 ,!n ! eld] 7,mr4 ,william ,brew/]7 desir$ ! ,gov]nor ( ,massa*usetts & ,mr4 ,wilson to speak to x1 :i* !y did4 ,:5 ?is 0 end$1 ! deacon1 ,mr4 ,full]1 put ! congregation 9 m9d ( _! duty ( contribution2 :]eupon ! ,gov]nor & all ! re/ w5t d[n to ! deacon's seat1 & put into ! box & !n return$4 ,williams came 9 contact ) ! ,indians :o visit$ ,plym\? f "t to "t1 & ga9$ ! confid5ce ( ,massasoit1 ! fa!r ( ! fam\s ,philip4 ,he /udi$ _! language & cultivat$ _! fri5d%ip4 ,he writes 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 8,my s\l's desire 0 to d ! natives good60 ,ne> ! close ( 8 life he ref]r$ to ?is e>ly exp]i5ce3 8,god 0 pleas$ to give me a pa9ful pati5t _s1 to lodge ) !m 9 _! fil?y smoke1 to ga9 _! tongue40 ,surely ! ,provid5ce ( ,god 0 ?us prep>+ ! way = ! f\nd+ ( a new colony1 to be made possible ?r\gh ^! v ,indians :o _h implicit confid5ce 9 ?is man ( ,god4 ,illu/ration ,a ,,key into ! ,,language ,,( ,,am]ica3 ,,or1 ,an help to ! ,language ( ! ,natives 9 t "p ( ,,am]ica1 call$ ,,new-,,engl&4 ,toge!r1 ) briefe ,obs]vations ( ! ,cu/omes1 ,mann]s & ,wor%ips1 c4 ( ! a=esaid ,natives1 9 ,peace & ,w>re1 9 ,life & ,dea?4 ,on all :i* are add$ ,spirituall ,obs]vations1 ,g5]all & ,p>ticul> by ! ,au?\r1 ( *iefe & speciall use 7^u all occasions17 to all ! ,engli% ,inhabit+ ^? p>ts2 yet pleasant & pr(itable to ! view ( all m53 ,,by ,,rog] ,,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,,london1 ,pr9t$ by ,gregory ,dext]1 #afdc4 ,illu/ration3 ,bo/on1 #afcb ,f an old pr9t ,illu/ration3 ,! ,=t & ,*apel on ! ,hill ,:]e ,rog] ,williams ,prea*$ ,us$ by p]mission ( ,a4 ,s4 ,burbank1 ,plym\?1 ,mass4 ,williams 0 ,paul9e 9 8 self-support+ m9i/ry4 ,he wrote3 8,at ,plym\? ,i spake on ! ,"l's ,day & week days & work$ h>d at my hoe = my bread 7& s aft]w>d at ,salem until ,i f\nd !m to be an unsep>at$ p740 ,8 m9i/ry made fri5ds & foes4 ,8 foes fe>$ he w\ld run ! same c\rse ( ,anabapti/ behavior z did ,john ,smi?1 ! ,se-,bapti/1 at ,am/]dam4 ,e>ly 9 ,augu/ 8 fir/ *ild 0 born1 & 0 nam$ ,m>y aft] h] "m4 ,lat] 9 ! same mon?1 he became = a second "t ! assi/ant to ,mr4 ,skelton1 at ,salem4 ,a numb] ( *oice spirits1 :o _h be5 attract$ to 8 m9i/ry1 w5t ) him4 ,he reque/$ a lett] ( dismission f ! ,plym\? *ur* to unite ) ! ,salem *ur*4 ,?is 0 grant$1 b ) a caution z to 8 advanc$ views4 ,to advocate ! sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate plac$ a man at t "t ) ! 8,anabapti/s10 z ?is 0 consid]$ _! great di/9ctive doctr9e4 ,he comm5c$ 8 labors at ,salem "u ?is cl\d & also ) ! ,g5]al ,c\rt 9 ,bo/on v suspici\s ( 8 "w4 ,already !re 0 ! di/ant rumbl+ ( a /orm :i* w\ld ev5tually drive him into exile4 ,! m9i/]s ( ! ,bay ,colony1 f ! *ur*es ( ,bo/on1 ,newt[ne 7,cambridge71 ,wat]t[n1 ,roxbury1 ,dor*e/]1 ,salem1 & else:]e1 7 accu/om$ to meet = discussion & common int]e/4 ,rog] ,williams fe>$ t ?is might lead to a presbyt]y or sup]9t5d5cy1 to ! prejudice ( local *ur* lib]ty4 ,he loa!d ev]y?+ :i* might make = intol]ance4 ,9 ,decemb]1 #afcc1 he =w>d$ to ! gov]nor & 8 assi/ants a docum5t :i* he _h prep>$ at ,plym\?1 9 :i* he disput$ _! "r to h ! l& by ! k+'s grant4 ,williams claim$1 8!y h no title except !y comp\nd$ ) ! natives40 ,he also accus$ ,k+ ,james ( tell+ a lie 9 claim+ to be 8! fir/ ,*ri/ian pr9ce to discov] ?is new l&40 ,?is treatise _h nev] be5 publi%$ or made public4 ,its appe>ance n[ t]rifi$ ! gov]nor & ! assi/ants1 = at t v "t !y 7 hold+ ! possession to _! colony on a *>t] orig9ally giv5 = a diff]5t purpose4 ,x _h be5 grant$ 9 ,engl& to a trad+ company1 & its transf] 0 que/ionable4 ,!y fe>$ ! k+ might )draw x4 ,?is treatise ( ,williams w\ld be consid]$ treason by ! k+4 ,!y met on ,decemb] tw5ty-sev5? & c\nsel$ ) ,williams4 ,see+ ! grave dang] to ! colony1 he agre$ to give evid5ce ( loyalty4 ,today we d n "q ! e?ical correctness ( ! advanc$ position held by ,williams4 ,x 0 n long be=e ?is pione] ( s\l-lib]ty rais$ a new "q conc]n+ 8! propriety ( adm9i/]+ an oa?1 :i* is an act ( wor%ip1 to ei!r ! unwill+ or ! unreg5]ate40 ,williams' position 0 peculi>ly obnoxi\s to ! magi/rates :o 7 !n on ! po9t ( te/+ ! loyalty ( ! coloni/s by adm9i/]+ an oa? ( allegiance :i* 0 to be1 9 reality1 allegiance to ! colony in/ead ( to ! k+4 ,! ,c\rt 0 call$ to discuss ! new objection to its policy4 ,mr4 ,cotton in=ms u t ! position 0 s well def5d$ by ,williams t 8x ?reat5$ ! c\rt ) s]i\s emb>rassm5t40 ,! p support$ ,williams' position1 & ! c\rt 0 compell$ to desi/4 ,on ! dea? ( ,skelton1 9 ,augu/1 #afcd1 ! ,salem *ur* in/all$ ,rog] ,williams z _! tea*]4 ,?is act gave great (f5se to ! ,g5]al ,c\rt 9 ,bo/on4 ,williams comm5c$ anew 8 agitation aga9/ ! "r to own l& by ! k+'s pat5t4 ,! ,salem *ur* & ,williams 7 bo? cit$ to appe> be=e ! ,g5]al ,c\rt1 ,july #ah1 #afce1 to answ] compla9ts made aga9/ !m4 ,! eld]s gave _! op9ion3 ,he :o w\ld ob/9ately ma9ta9 su* op9ions 7:]eby a *ur* might run into h]esy1 apo/asy1 or tyranny1 & yet ! civil ,magi/rates may n int]m$dle7 ought to be remov$1 & t ! o!r *ur*es ought to reque/ ! ,magi/rates s to d4 ,! *ur* & ! pa/or 7 notifi$ 8to consid] ! matt] until ! next ,g5]al ,c\rt1 & !n to recant1 or expect ! c\rt to take "s f9al action40 ,at ?is same c\rt1 ! ,salem p petition$ = a title to "s l& at ,m>blehead ,neck1 :i* 0 !irs1 z !y believ$1 by a j claim4 ,! c\rt refus$ ev5 to consid] ?is claim1 8until !re %all be "t to te/ m fully ! quality ( y\r allegiance to ! p[] :i* y desire %\ld be int]pos$ on y\r behalf40 ,pr(essor ,kn[les says3 ,"h is a c&id av[al t ju/ice 0 refus$ to ,salem1 on ! "q ( civil "r1 z a puni%m5t = ! conduct ( *ur* & pa/or4 ,a volume c\ld n m =cibly illu/rate ! dang] ( a connection betwe5 ! civil & ecclesia/ical p[]4 ,illu/ration3 ,pembroke ,college ,r$uc$ f ,loggan's pr9t1 tak5 ab\t #afhh ,tea*] & p at ,salem 7 indignant1 & a lett] 0 address$ to ! *ur*es ( ! colony 9 prote/ aga9/ su* inju/ice4 ,! *ur*es 7 ask$ to admoni% ! magi/rates & deputies )9 _! memb]%ip4 ,^! *ur*es refus$ or neglect$ to d ?is4 ,9 "s cases ! lett]s nev] came be=e ! *ur*4 ,williams !n call$ on 8 own *ur* to )draw communion ) su* *ur*es4 ,x decl9$ to d ?is1 & he )drew f ! ,salem *ur*1 prea*+ 8 la/ s]mon1 ,augu/ #ai1 #afce4 ,"h 0 a repetition ( ! fir/ conflict4 ,/raus writes3 ,"h /ood ! "o *ur* already condemn$1 ) s5t5ce susp5d$ ov] x4 ,aga9/ x 7 array$ ! aggregate p[] ( ! colony--its n9e *ur*es1 ! prie/s1 & ! magi/rates4 ,:at c\ld ! ,salem *ur* & community d1 ?reat5$ ) disfran*isem5t1 its deputies exclud$ f ! ,g5]al ,c\rt1 & its petition = l& to :i* x 0 entitl$1 d5i$8 ,dragoon$ into submission x _h to ab&on its p]secut$ m9i/] to /ruggle alone aga9/ ! unit$ p[] ( ,*ur* & ,/ate4 ,to d5y ,williams ! m]it ( devotion to a pr9ciple 9 ?is conte/1 :]e9 !re 0 no alt]native b retraction or bani%m5t1 is to belie hi/ory 9 ord] to ju/ify bigotry1 & to conv]t m>tyrdom into wrong-head$ ob/9acy4 ,?is is exactly :at ,cotton s\ght to d 9 8 v]sion ( ! controv]sy giv5 t5 ye>s lat] 9 ord] to v9dicate himself & 8 *ur* bre?r5 f ! /igma ( _! acts 9 ! eyes ( a m enlight5$ public op9ion 9 ,engl&4 ,williams pursu$ no half-he>t$ or half-way measures4 ,he /ood un%ak5 ^u ! firm gr\nd ( 8 convictions1 & decl>$ to ! ,salem *ur* t he c\ld no long] commune ) !m1 !reby entirely sep>at+ himself f !m & !m f him4 ,he w5t s f> z to refuse to commune ) 8 own wife 9 ! new communion :i* he =m$ 9 8 own home1 until %e w\ld completely )draw f ! ,salem *ur*4 ,! "t = ! next ,g5]al ,c\rt drew ne>4 ,! ,salem *ur* lett] & ,williams' )drawal f 8 *ur* made 8 foes det]m9$ to cru% him4 ,!y _h ?\ghts ( putt+ him to dea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,fac-simile f ,orig9al ,records ( ! ,ord] = ! ,bani%m5t ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,sid5ote3 #afce4 #crd ,sept4 ,:]eas ,mr4 ,rog] ,williams1 "o ( ! eld]s ( ! *ur* ( ,salem1 ha? broa*$ & divulg$ dyv]s newe & dang]\s op9ions aga9/ ! auc?orite ( magi/rates1 z also ) o!rs ( defamcon1 bo? ( ! magi/rates & *ur*es "h1 & t be=e any conviccon1 & yet ma9ta9e? ! same )\t retraccon1 x is !re=e ord]$1 t ! said ,mr4 ,williams %all depte out ( ?is jurisdiccon )9 sixe weekes n[e nexte ensue+1 w* if hee neglect to p=me1 x %all be lawfull = ! ,g\v'r & two ( ! magi/rates to s5d him to "s place out ( ?is jurisdiccon1 n to returne any m )\t lic5ce f ! ,c\rt4 ,! ,g5]al ,c\rt conv5$ 9 ! rude meet+-h\se ( ! *ur* 9 ,newt[ne 7,cambridge71 on ! corn] ( ,dun/] & ,mill ,/reets4 ,williams ma9ta9$ 8 positions4 ,he 0 ask$ if he desir$ a mon? to reflect & !n come & argue ! matt] be=e !m4 ,he decl9$1 *oos+ 8to dispute pres5tly40 ,?omas ,hook]1 m9i/] at ,newt[ne1 0 appo9t$ to argue ) him on ! spot1 to make him see 8 errors4 ,williams' positions _h a 8rockie /r5g?0 & he 0 ready1 8n only to be b\nd & bani%$1 b to die also 9 ,new ,engl&2 z = ! mo/ holy tru?s ( ,god 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus40 ,he w\ld n recant4 ,s ! ,c\rt met ! foll[+ day1 ,friday1 ,octob] #i1 #afce1 & pass$ ! foll[+ s5t5ce3 ,:]eas ,mr4 ,rog] ,williams1 "o ( ! eld]s ( ! *ur* ( ,salem1 ha? broa*$ & divulg$ dyv]s newe & dang]\s op9ions aga9/ ! auc?orite ( magi/rates1 z also ) lett]s ( defamcon1 bo? ( ! magi/rates & *ur*es "h1 & t be=e any conviccon1 & yet ma9ta9e? ! same )\t retraccon1 x is !re=e ord]$1 t ! said ,mr4 ,williams %all depte out ( ?is jurisdiccon )9 sixe weekes n[e nexte ensue+1 w* if hee neglect to p=me1 x %all be lawfull = ! ,g\v'r & two ( ! magi/rates to s5d him to "s place out ( ?is jurisdiccon1 n to returne any m )\t lic5ce f ! ,c\rt4 ,illu/ration3 ,orig9al ,*ur* at ,salem1 ,mass4 ,illu/ration3 ,site ( ,home ( ,rog] ,williams 9 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,al?\gh ,williams _h )drawn f ! *ur* at ,salem1 yet 8 "* 0 su* t ! t[n 0 indignant at ?is decree ( ! c\rt4 ,ab\t ?is "t1 8 second *ild 0 born4 ,l ! prophets ( old1 he gave ! *ild a significant "n1 call+ h] 8,freeborn40 ,mr4 ,williams' heal? at ?is "t 0 f> f be+ robu/4 ,a /ay ( s5t5ce 0 !re=e grant$1 & he 0 to be all[$ to rema9 until ! foll[+ spr+4 ,he did n refra9 f advocat+ 8 op9ions1 & soon ! au?orities he>d ( meet+s 9 8 h\se at ,salem & ( tw5ty :o 7 prep>$ to g ) him to f\nd a new colony at ! head ( ! ,n>ragansett ,bay4 ,at its ,janu>y meet+1 ! ,c\rt decid$ to s5d him to ,engl& at once 9 a %ip !n ab\t to return4 ,he 0 cit$ to appe> 9 ,bo/on1 b report$ inability due to 8 impair$ heal?4 ,!y !n s5t a p9nace = him by sea4 ,be+ =ew>n$1 he fl$ to ! wild]ness 9 ! dep?s ( :i*1 = f\rte5 weeks1 he suff]$ ! h>d%ips ( a ,new ,engl& w9t]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! orig9al ,rog] ,williams ,*ur* is /ill pres]v$ at ,salem4 ,! fir/ *ur* 9 ! fir/ t[n ( ! ,massa*usetts ,bay ,colony 0 at ! corn] ( ,wa%+ton & ,essex ,/reets4 ,!re is a brick /ructure !re n[ & a m>ble tablet m>ks x z ! site ( ! fir/ *ur* 9 ! ,massa*usetts ,bay ,colony4 ,on ano!r tablet1 is ! inscription3 ,! frame ( ! fir/ ,meet+ ,h\se 9 :i* ! civil affairs ( ! ,colony 7 transact$1 is pres]v$ & n[ /&s 9 ! re> ( ,plumm] ,hall4 ,plumm] ,hall is on ,essex ,/reet n v f> f ! ,fir/ ,*ur*4 ,9 ! re> is ! ,rog] ,williams ,*ur*1 a small build+1 measur+ tw5ty feet long by sev5te5 wide by twelve high at its po/s4 ,orig9ally x _h a gall]y ov] ! door at ! entrance & a m9i/]'s seat 9 ! opposite corn]4 ,on ! wall opposite to ! entrance is a li/ ( its succession ( pa/ors & ! ye>s ( _! s]vice3 ,francis ,higg9son #afbi-afcj ,samuel ,skelton #afbi-afcd ,rog] ,williams #afca-afce ,hugh ,pet]s #afcf-afda etc41 etc4 ,x c\ld accommodate ab\t "o hundr$ p4 ,!re 7 only =ty families 9 ,salem 9 #afcb4 ,!re 7 only six h\ses1 besides t ( ,gov]nor ,endicott1 :5 ,higg9son arriv$ 9 #afbi4 ,"h 9 ?is anci5t meet+-h\se ,rog] ,williams prea*$ ^? tru?s :i* l$ to 8 bani%m5t4 ,f its pulpit came1 cle>ly /at$1 ! ideals t millions h s9ce accept$4 ,! glory ( ! ,si/9e ,*apel 9 ,rome1 or ! ,royal ,sancte ,*apella1 ( ,p>is1 c nev] equal ! glory ( ?is crude edifice1 ! cradle ( religi\s lib]ty 9 ! ,new ,_w4 ,! ,rog] ,williams ,home at ,salem is /ill pres]v$4 ,x is bett] kn[n z 8! ,wit* ,h\se0 because x 0 occupi$ by ,judge ,c>w91 "o ( ! judges connect$ ) ! trag$y ( #afib4 ,x /&s at ! we/]n corn] ( ,essex & ,nor? ,/reets4 ,x 0 built by ! f\nd] ( ,rhode ,isl& & 0 at t "t second only to ! ,gov]nor's home4 ,?\gh x has be5 alt]$ & repair$1 ! orig9al rooms 9 ?is build+ are z foll[s3 ,! ea/]n room on ! fir/ floor1 #ah #ba1 & ! room directly ov] x1 #bj #ba2 ! we/]n room on ! fir/ floor1 #af #ah1 & ! room ov] x1 #af #bj4 ,! *imney is #h #ab4 ,! "p ( ! h\se :i* reta9s its orig9al appe>ance is ! project+ corn] ( ! we/]n "p1 front+ on ,essex ,/reet4 ,rog] ,williams mortgag$ ?is h\se1 8= supplies10 to e/abli% ! colony at ,provid5ce4 ,mr4 ,upham1 9 8 report to ! ,essex ,in/itution1 says ( ?is wond]ful h\se3 ,"h1 )9 ^! v walls1 liv$1 two hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago1 t rem>kable & truly h]oic man1 :o1 9 8 devotion to ! pr9ciple ( free consci5ce1 & lib]ty ( belief1 untrammel$ by civil p[]1 p5etrat$ 9 midw9t] 9 ! dep?s ( an unkn[n wild]ness to seek a new home1 a home :i* he c\ld f9d only among savages1 ^: respect = ! b5evol5ce & tru?fulness ( 8 "* made !m1 !n & ev] aft]w>d1 8 con/ant fri5ds4 ,f ?is spaci\s & pleasant mansion1 he fl$ ?r\gh ! deep sn[s ( a ,new ,engl& =e/1 leav+ 8 wife & "y *ildr5 to ! c>e ( ,provid5ce1 ^: sil5t 8voice0 ?r\gh ! consci5ce1 0 8 only support & guide4 ,! ,/ate :i* he f\nd$ may ev] look back ) a j pride ^u ! hi/ory ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,,ii ,,! ,,f\nd+ ,,( ,,provid5ce ,a community on ! unhe>d-( pr9ciples ( absolute religi\s lib]ty comb9$ ) p]fect civil democracy4--,pr(essor ,mason4 ,?us = ! fir/ "t 9 hi/ory a =m ( gov]nm5t 0 adopt$ :i* drew a cle> & unmi/akable l9e betwe5 ! temporal & ! spiritual p[]1 & a community came into be+ :i* 0 an anomaly among ! nations4--,pr(4 ,j4 ,l4 ,diman4 ,no "o pr9ciple ( political or social or religi\s policy lies ne>] ! base ( ,am]ican in/itutions & has done m to %ape our c>e] ?an ?is pr9ciple inh]it$ f ,rhode ,isl&1 & x may be ass]t$ t ! future ( ,am]ica 0 9 a l>ge measure det]m9$ by t ,g5]al ,c\rt :i* summon$ ,rog] ,williams to answ] = 8div]s new & dang]\s op9ions10 & 8 bani%m5t became a pivotal act 9 univ]sal hi/ory4--,pr(4 ,alonzo ,williams4 ,9 summ+ up ! hi/ory ( ! /ruggle = religi\s lib]ty x may be said t papal bulls & ,prote/ant cre$s h favor$ tyranny4 ,!ologians ( ! sixte5? c5tury & philosoph]s ( ! sev5te5?1 ,desc>tes1 ,sp9oza1 & ,hobbes1 favor$ ! ,/ate *ur*es4 ,x 0 bitt] exp]i5ce ( p]secution t l$ juri/s1 & /atesm5 ( ,holl& & ,france1 9 face ( ! opposition ( !ologians & philosoph]s1 to en=ce ! tol]ation ( diss5t4 ,:ile !re 0 tol]ation 9 ,holl& & ,france1 !re 01 = ! fir/ "t1 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w 9 any commonweal?1 lib]ty & equality & sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate 9 ,rhode ,isl&4--,w4 ,w4 ,ev>ts1 9 8,! ,long ,road to ,fre$om ( ,wor%ip40 ,9 ! code ( laws e/abli%$ by !m1 we read = ! fir/ "t s9ce ,*ri/ianity asc5d$ ! ?rone ( ! ,cs>s1 ! decl>ation t consci5ce %\ld be free & m5 %\ld n be puni%$ = wor%ip+ ,god 9 ! way !y 7 p]suad$ he requires4--,judge ,/ory4 ,,! ,,f\nd+ ,,( ,,provid5ce ,rog] ,williams left ,salem on or ab\t ,janu>y #ae1 #afcf1 mak+ ! j\rney alone ?r\gh ! =e/s4 ,) a pocket compass1 & a sun-dial to tell ! h\rs1 he set out1 probably tak+ ! road to ,bo/on = "s di/ance4 ,ne>+ ,bo/on1 presumably at ,saugus1 he w5t we/ = a :ile & !n /raight s\? until he rea*$ ! home ( ,massasoit1 ! ,wampanoag sa*em1 at ,m\nt ,hope1 ne> ,bri/ol4 ,! gr\nd 0 cov]$ ) sn[1 & he mu/ h suff]$ sorely on ?is j\rney ( eighty or n9ety miles4 ,?irty-five ye>s lat] 9 a lett] to ,major ,mason1 he ref]s to ?is exp]i5ce3 ,fir/1 :5 ,i 0 unk9dly & un*ri/ianly1 z ,i believe1 driv5 f my h\se & l&1 & wife & *ildr5 79 ! mid/ ( a ,new ,engl& w9t]1 n[ ab\t ?irty-five ye>s pa/71 at ,salem1 t ev]-honor$ ,gov]nor1 ,mr4 ,w9?rop1 privately wrote me to /e] my c\rse to ,n>ragansett ,bay & ! ,indians1 = _m high & public ends1 enc\rag+ me1 f ! fre5ess ( ! place f any ,engli% claims or pat5ts4 ,i took 8 prud5t notion z a h9t & voice f ,god1 & wav+ all o!r ?\ghts & notions1 ,i /e]$ my c\rse f ,salem 7?\gh 9 w9t] sn[1 :i* ,i feel yet7 unto ^? p>ts :]e9 ,i may say 8,p5iel02 t is1 ,i h se5 ! face ( ,god4 ,he also wrote3 8,i 0 sorely toss$ = "o f\rte5 weeks1 9 a bitt] w9t] season1 n kn[+ :at bread or b$ did mean60 ,9 8 old age he exclaim$1 8,i be> to ?is day 9 my body ! effects ( t w9t]'s exposure40 ,9 "o ( 8 books he ref]s to 8h>d%ips ( sea & l& 9 a bani%$ condition40 ,! preci\s relics ( ?is flight are ! sun-dial & compass1 n[ 9 ! possession ( ! ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society4 ,williams f9ally rea*$ ,seekonk ,cove1 ab\t ! tw5ty-?ird ( ,april4 ,! spot 0 at ,manton's ,neck1 ne> ! cove1 :]e !re 0 a good spr+ ( wat]4 ,"h he 0 jo9$ by f\r companions1 8 wife1 & two *ildr54 8,i gave leave to ,william ,h>ris1 !n poor & de/itute10 said ,williams1 8to come along 9 my company4 ,i cons5t$ to ,john ,smi?1 mill] at ,dor*e/] 7bani%$ also71 to g ) me1 &1 at ,john ,smi?'s desire1 to a poor "y fell[1 ,francis ,wickes1 z also a lad ( ,ri*>d ,wat]man's40 ,! latt] 0 d\btless ,?omas ,angell4 ,jo%ua ,v]e9 came lat]4 ,"s hi/orians ?9k t o!rs jo9$ !m at ! ,seekonk be=e !y 7 compell$ to leave4 ,"h !y rema9$ = two mon?s4 ,aft] provid+ rude %elt]s & s[+ se$s1 !y receiv$ a w>n+ to move on4 8,i receiv$ a lett]10 said ,williams1 f my anci5t fri5d1 ,mr4 ,w9sl[1 ! ,gov]nor ( ,plym\?1 pr(ess+ 8 own & o!rs' love = me1 yet lov+ly advis+ me1 s9ce ,i 0 fall5 into ! edge ( _! b\nds1 & !y 7 loa! to displease ! ,bay1 to remove to ! o!r side ( ! wat]1 & !re1 he said1 ,i _h ! c\ntry free be=e me1 & might be free z !mselves1 & we %\ld be lov+ neighbors toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,sun-dial & ,compass ,us$ by ,rog] ,williams 9 ,8 ,flight ,c\rtesy ( 8,provid5ce ,magaz9e0 ,8 removal co/ him ! 8loss ( a h>ve/ t ye>40 ,hi/orians are agre$ t ab\t ! end ( ,june he left ,seekonk4 ,! two hundr$ & fiftie? anniv]s>y 0 celebrat$1 ,june #bc & #bd1 #ahhf4 ,emb>k+ 9 a crude ,indian canoe1 ,williams & 8 companions1 six 9 all1 cross$ ov] ! riv] to a little cove on ! we/ side1 :]e !y 7 halt$ by a p>ty ( ,indians1 ) ! fri5dly int]rogation1 8,:at *e]80 ,"h ! p>ty l&$ on a rock :i* has be5 kn[n ev] s9ce z 8,:at ,*e] ,rock40 ,! cove is n[ fill$ & ! rock cov]$ f sight4 ,a suitable monum5t has be5 erect$ ov] ! rock4 ,x is 9 an op5 p>k space at ! corn] ( ,rog] & ,williams ,/reets1 ,provid5ce4 ,a piece ( ?is rock is pres]v$ at ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,provid5ce1 & ano!r has rec5tly be5 plac$ 9 cross =m 9 ! lobby floor ( ! new ,c5tral ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ! same city4 ,x is hop$ t a piece ( ?is rock w be work$ into ! ,national ,bapti/ ,memorial 9 our c\ntry's capital4 ,illu/ration3 ,spr+ at ! ,seekonk ,settlem5t ,illu/ration3 ,tablet ,m>k+ ,seekonk ,site ,illu/ration3 ,:at ,*e] ,rock4 ,l&+-place ( ,rog] ,williams ,aft] fri5dly salutations ) ! ,indians1 !y reemb>k$ & made _! way d[n ! riv] ar\nd ! headl& ( ,tockwott5 & pa/ ,indian & ,fox po9ts1 :]e !y rea*$ ! m\? ( ! ,mo%assuck ,riv]4 ,r[+ up ?is beautiful /ream1 !n bord]$ on ei!r side ) a d5se =e/1 !y l&$ on ! ea/ side ( ! riv]1 :]e !re 0 an invit+ spr+4 ,"h1 on ! asc5d+ slopes ( ! hill1 !y comm5c$ a new settlem5t1 :i* ,williams call$ 8,provid5ce10 9 gratitude to ,god's m]ciful ,provid5ce to !m 9 _! di/ress4 ,lat]1 :5 !y spread out 9 l>g] numb]s & 9 all directions f ?is place1 x 0 call$ 8,provid5ce ,plantations40 ,!y prep>$ %elt]s = _! families1 probably wigwams made ( poles cov]$ ) hemlock b\ghs & =e/ leaves4 ,we c 9 imag9ation see !m climb ! hill to a po9t :]e ,prospect ,/reet n[ runs1 to enjoy a wid] view ( _! new t]ritory4 ,f t height ( almo/ two hundr$ feet !y saw to ! we/w>d1 ?r\gh op5+s 9 ! =e/1 ! cove at ! head ( ! great salt riv] ) broad s&y bea*es on ! ea/]n & nor!rn %ores & salt m>%es bord]+ ! we/]n & s\!rn4 ,f ! nor? ! sp>kl+ wat]s ( ! ,mo%assuck ,riv] came leap+ ov] ! falls z x empti$ itself into ! e/u>y at its m\?4 ,bord]+ ?is /ream 0 a valley ( beauty & f]tility4 ,! cle> wat]s ( ! ,woonasquatucket ?read$ _! way f ! we/ ?r\gh ano!r f]tile valley4 ,betwe5 ^! riv]s & also s\?w>d 7( ! ,woonasquatucket7 0 a s&y plateau1 cov]$ ) p9e =e/s /ret*+ to ! ,indian t[n ( ,ma%apaug on ! s\?we/ & ,pawtuxet ,valley to ! s\?4 ,betwe5 ! edge ( ! tidal fl[ & ! op5 wat]s ( ! great salt riv] !re 0 a salt m>% dott$ ) isl&s1 beyond :i* rose ! bold peak ( ,weybosset ,hill4 ,d[n ! riv] to ! s\? !y saw ! /eep hills ( ,sassafras & ,field's ,po9t1 beyond :i* c\ld be se5 ! l[] bay & its =e/-cov]$ %ores & isl&s4 ,! ea/]n slope ( ! hill /ret*$ a mile t[>d ! %ore ( ! ,seekonk4 ,to ! nor!a/ ! view 0 cut (f by a high] em95ce cov]$ ) oak & p9e4 ,9 all directions1 save t ( ! bay itself1 ! f>!r di/ances 7 lo/ 9 an indi/+ui%able maze ( =e/-cr[n$ heights4 ,at ! feet ( ! spectators 0 ! place ( _! imm$iate settlem5t1 :]e ! we/]n slope ( ! hill gradually dim9i%$ 9 height t[>d ! s\?4 ,at its l[e/ extremity1 ,fox ,po9t project$ into ! bay4 ,?is slope 0 cov]$ ) a gr[? ( oak & hickory4 ,a ,,pur*as$ ,,possession ,rog] ,williams diff]$ f ! ord9>y coloni/s ( 8 age1 :o held t ! ,indian1 be+ hea!n1 _h no real own]%ip ( ! l&4 ,x belong$ to ! ,*ri/ians :o might fir/ claim x by "r ( discov]y4 ,williams1 :o 8always aim$ to d ! ,indians only good10 recogniz$ ,indian own]%ip & secur$ 8 colony f !m by pur*ase4 ,"h among !m he fir/ s\ght to apply 8 doctr9e ( s\l-lib]ty4 ,to him !y 7 humans ) equal rights & privileges4 ,he bitt]ly f\ght ! ,puritan position t ! pagan hea!n _h no prop]ty rights :i* ! ,*ri/ian1 ) 8 sup]ior culture1 0 b\nd to respect4 ,rog] ,williams insi/$ t ! l& %\ld be pur*as$ f ! ,indians1 ! orig9al own]s4 ,he ga9$ ! la/+ respect ( ! ,indian & ! undy+ animosity ( ! ,puritan = hold+ to ideals :i* h s9ce come to be recogniz$ z ,am]ican4 ,he ?us laid ! f\ndation = ! belief 9 ,am]ica t ! weak] & small] p[]s h rights :i* ! great] p[]s mu/ respect1 a belief :i* l$ u into ! rec5t great w>4 ,:ile ?is pr9ciple is receiv+ _w-wide application1 let u n =get t ,rog] ,williams 0 ! pione] ( int]national ju/ice 9 ,am]ica1 if n 9 ! _w4 ,! l& view$ f ! top ( ! hill 0 own$ by five di/9ct ,indian tribes4 ,! ,n>ragansetts dom9at$ ov] all ! l&s n[ occupi$ by ,rhode ,isl&1 & rul$ ov] all o!r less] tribes 9 ?is t]ritory4 ,9 ! nor!rn "p ( ?is ,/ate1 ! ,nipmucs liv$ 9 ! place n[ occupi$ by ,smi?field1 ,gloce/]1 & ,burrilville4 ,on ! s\!rn seacoa/ bord] dwelt ! ,niantics4 ,"p ( ! ,wampanoag tribe dwelt 9 ,cumb]l& & ext5d$ to ! we/]n side ( ! riv] :i* we n[ call ! ,black/one4 ,! ,pequots liv$ 9 ,connecticut ,colony4 ,indian gov]nm5t 0 mon>*ial1 & became ext9ct ) ! slaught] ( ! la/ ( ! l9e ( rul]s or sa*ems 9 ! massacre ( ,july #b1 #afgf4 ,canonicus 0 ! rul+ sa*em :5 ! ,engli% fir/ came4 ,z he grew old he ne$$ an assi/ant & 8 nephew1 ,miantonomo1 0 appo9t$4 ,miantonomo work$ well ) ! eld] *ief4 ,he nev] succe$$ to ! position ( rul+ *ief1 be+ murd]$ 9 #afdc4 ,rog] ,williams secur$ 8 l& f ^! sa*ems4 ,williams wrote 9 #affa z foll[s3 ,i 0 ! procur] ( ! pur*ase1 n by monies1 nor paym5ts1 ! natives be+ s %y & jeal\s1 t monies c\ld n d x1 b by t language1 acqua9tance1 & favor ) ! natives & o!r advantages :i* x pleas$ ,god to give me1 & also bore ! *>ges & v5ture ( all ! gratuities :i* ,i gave to ! great ,sa*ems & natives r\nd ab\t u1 & lay engag$ = a lov+ & peaceable neighborhood )1 to my great *>ge & travel4 ,illu/ration3 ,orig9al ,de$ ( ,provid5ce f ! ,indians ,he f\nd ,indian gifts v co/ly4 ,pres5ts 7 made frequ5tly4 ,he all[$ ! ,indians to use 8 p9nace & %allop at comm&1 transport+ & lodg+ fifty at 8 home at a "t4 ,he nev] d5i$ !m any lawful ?+4 ,canonicus _h freely :at he desir$ f ,rog] ,williams' trad+-po/ at ,n>ragansett4 ,william ,h>ris /at$ 9 #afgg t ,rog] ,williams _h paid ?us "o hundr$ & sixty p\nds 7#hjj7 = ,provid5ce & ,pawtucket4 ,mr4 ,williams g5]\sly admitt$ ! fir/ twelve proprietors ( ! ,provid5ce ,pur*ase to an equal %>e ) himself1 )\t exact+ any remun]ation4 ,! ?irty p\nds :i* he receiv$ 7 paid by succe$+ settl]s1 at ! rate ( ?irty %ill+s ea*4 ,?is 0 n a paym5t = ! l& b :at he call$ 8a lov+ gratuity40 ,/raus says3 ,he might h be5 l ,william ,p5n1 ! proprietor ( 8 colony1 aft] hav+ secur$ x by pat5t f ! rul]s 9 ,engl&1 & ?us h ex]cis$ a control ov] its gov]nm5t & enri*$ himself & family4 ,b ?is 0 n 8 purpose1 nor 0 x directly or remotely ! cause = :i* he suff]$ bani%m5t & mis]y4 ,pr9ciple--n pr(it2 lib]ty--n p[]2 conviction--n ambition1 7 8 impell+ motives :i* he consi/5tly ma9ta9$1 !oretically & practically !n1 & at all times4 ,williams' own words 73 ,i desir$ x might be = a %elt] = p]sons di/ress$ = consci5ce4 ,i !n consid]+ ! conditions ( div]s ( my di/ress$ c\ntrym51 ,i communicat$ my said pur*ase unto my lov+ fri5ds 7:om he names7 :o desir$ to take %elt] ) me4 ,he aft]w>d pur*as$1 jo9tly ) ,gov]nor ,w9?rop1 ! ,isl& ( ,prud5ce f ,canonicus4 ,he also pur*as$1 a little lat]1 ! small isl&s ( ,pati5ce & ,hope1 aft]w>d sell+ 8 int]e/ 9 !m to help pay 8 exp5ses to ,engl& on bus9ess = ! colony4 ,foll[+ is a true copy ( ! ,orig9al ,de$ ( ,l& = ,provid5ce f ,canonicus & ,miantonomo3 ,at ,nanhiggansick1 ! #bd? ( ! fir/ mon?1 commonly call$ ,m>*1 9 ! second ye> ( ! ,plantations ( ,plant+s at ,moo%ausick or ,provid5ce4 ,memor&um t we ,caunaunicus & ,meauntunomo1 ! two *ief sa*ems ( ,nanhiggansick1 hav+ two ye>s s9ce sold unto ,rog] ,williams1 ! l&s & mead[s ^u ! two fre% riv]s1 call$ ,moo%ausick & ,wanasquatucket1 d n[ by ^! pres5ts1 e/abli% & confirm ! b\nds ( ^? l&s1 f ! riv] & fields at ,pawtucket1 ! great hill ( ,neotackonkonutt1 on ! nor?we/1 & ! t[n ( ,ma%apauge on ! we/4 ,z also 9 consid]ation ( ! _m k9dnesses & s]vices he ha? cont9ually done = u1 bo? ) our fri5ds ( ,massa*usetts1 z also at ,qu9ickicutt & ,apaum1 or ,plym\?1 we d n[ freely give unto him all ! l& f ^? riv]s rea*+ to ,pawtuxet ,riv]1 z also ! grass & mead[s ^u ! said ,pawtuxet ,riv]4 ,9 witness :]e( we h h]eunto set our h&s4 ,9 ! pres5ce ( ,! ,m>k 99 ( ,seta%1 ,! ,m>k 99 ( ,assot5ewit1 ,! ,m>k 99 ( ,caunaunicus1 ,! ,m>k 99 ( ,meauntunomo4 ,?is orig9al de$ is pres]v$1 z a preci\s relic1 9 ! ,city ,hall at ,provid5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,williams' ,lett] ( ,transf]5ce to ,8 ,lov+ ,fri5ds ,,e>ly ,,exp]i5ces ,,9 ,,provid5ce ,! ,provid5ce plant]s soon built _! crude homes4 ,! ,indian "n ( ! plantation 0 ,notaquon*anet4 ,9 _! e>ly records ( ,provid5ce ?is "n is spelt 9 at lea/ =ty-two diff]5t =ms4 ,o!r settl]s came & swell$ _! numb]s4 ,! orig9al six 7 b\nd toge!r by a compact4 ,x 0 v]bal1 or if writt51 ! copy has be5 lo/4 ,:5 new settl]s came & ,wickes & ,angell _h rea*$ majority1 a copy ( ! orig9al agreem5t 0 drawn up & sign$ by ^? n includ$ 9 ! fir/ compact4 ,williams 0 famili> ) ! great compact sign$ 9 ! ,mayfl[] by ! ,pilgrims & probably x sugge/$ to 8 m9d ! ne$ ( "o 9 ,provid5ce4 ,?is ,provid5ce ,compact is z foll[s3 ,we1 ^: names are h]eund] writt51 be+ desir\s to inhabit 9 ! t[n ( ,provid5ce1 d promise to submit ourselves 9 active or passive ob$i5ce1 to all su* ord]s or agreem5ts z %all be made = ! public good ( ! body1 9 an ord]ly way1 by ! major cons5t ( ! pres5t inhabitants1 ma/]s ( families1 incorporat$ toge!r into a t[n%ip1 & su* o!rs :om !y %all admit unto ! same1 ,,only ,,9 ,,civil ,,?+s4 ,edmund ,j4 ,c>p5t] says ( ?is ,compact3 ,a compact ( gov]nm5t1 :i* 9 its t]ms1 mu/ be reg>d$ z ! mo/ rem>kable political docum5t !ret(ore execut$1 n ev5 except+ ! ,magna ,*>ta4 ,x 0 a docum5t :i* plac$ a gov]nm5t1 =m$ by ! p1 solely 9 ! control ( ! civil arm4 ,x gave ! fir/ example ( a pure democracy1 f :i* all ecclesia/ical p[] 0 elim9at$4 ,x 0 ! fir/ enunciation ( a great pr9ciple1 :i* ye>s lat]1 =m$ ! corn]-/one ( ! great republic4 ,x 0 ! act ( a /atesman fully a c5tury 9 advance ( 8 "t4 ,at ! we/ entrance to ! /reet railroad tunnel 9 ,provid5ce a bronze tablet commemorates ! fact t !re 9 ! op5 air ! fir/ t[n meet+s 7 held4 ,rog] ,williams' h\se 0 opposite ! spr+1 =ty-eight feet to ! ea/ ( ! pres5t ,ma9 ,/reet & f\r feet nor? ( ,h[l& ,/reet4 ,next1 to ! nor? ( 8 resid5ce1 0 ! h\se & lot ( ,jo%ua ,v]e94 ,nor? ( ?is 0 ,ri*>d ,scott's4 ,! fir/ h\se s\? ( ,williams' 0 t ( ,john ,?rockmorton &1 beyond1 t ( ,william ,h>ris4 ,at fir/ ! /ruggle = exi/5ce 0 h>d1 m s because ( ! loss ( ! crops plant$ at ,seekonk4 ,gov]nor ,w9sl[1 ( ,plym\?1 consci\s ( ! wrong ,plym\? ,colony _h done to ,williams1 visit$ ! little settlem5t t fir/ summ] & left a gift ( gold ) ,mrs4 ,williams4 ,9 ! spr+ & summ] ( ! foll[+ ye>1 new h\ses 7 built along ! /reet4 ,! new settl]s br\ght money ) !m1 & ,williams enli/$ outside capital to help develop ! colony4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,orig9al ,provid5ce 8,compact0 ,drawn up by ! m5 ( ,provid5ce1 ,augu/ #bj1 #afch1 & n[ conta9$ 9 ! ,city ,hall4 ,"o ( ! mo/ valuable docum5ts 9 exi/5ce1 "u :i* ,williams & 8 companions promis$ to subject !mselves 9 active & passive ob$i5ce1 b 8,only 9 ,civil ,?+s40 8,y mu/ look to ! ,magna ,*>ta1 = ano!r su* epo*-mak+ decree1 = ^!1 ) ! ,decl>ation & ! ,emancipation ,proclamation1 are ! f\r great dynamic =ces ( ,am]ican ,fre$om40--,r4 ,b4 ,,bur*>d4 ,c\rtesy ( 8,provid5ce ,magaz9e10 ,octob]1 #aiae ,! numb] ( t[n lots increas$4 ,! l& lay betwe5 ! pres5t ,ma9 ,/reet & ,hope ,/reet4 ,ea* lot 0 ( equal wid? & ran ea/w>d4 ,ev5tually !re 7 "o hundr$ & two ( ^! lots ext5d+ f ,mile ,end ,brook1 :i* ent]s ! riv] a little nor? ( ,fox ,po9t1 to ,h>r+ton's ,lane1 n[ ! divid+ l9e betwe5 ,provid5ce & ,nor? ,provid5ce4 ,meet+ & ,p[] ,/reets 7 ! divid+ /reets 9 ^? e>ly days4 ,9 addition to ! home lot1 ea* proprietor _h an 8out six-acre lot0 assign$ to him4 ,williams' 8out lot0 0 at 8,:at ,*e] ,rock40 ,,! ,,?reat5$ ,,indian ,,tr\ble ,williams1 al?\gh suff]+ f ,puritan p]secution1 _h an opportunity t fir/ ye> ( do+ good to 8 p]secutors4 ,he became ! savior ( all ! ,new ,engl& ,colonies4 ,! ,pequot ,indians plann$ ! annihilation ( ! ,engli%4 ,williams1 he>+ ( ?is1 did 8 utmo/ to break up an ,indian league1 & kept ! ,n>ragansetts f jo9+ ! ,pequots & ,mohicans4 ,he describes ?is exp]i5ce 9 ! foll[+ /atem5t3 ,! ,"l help$ me imm$iately to put my life into my h&s1 & sc>ce acqua9t+ my wife1 to %ip alone1 9 a poor canoe1 & to cut ?r\gh a /ormy w9d1 ) great seas1 e m9ute 9 haz>d ( life1 to ! sa*em's h\se4 ,?ree days & nights my bus9ess =c$ me to lodge & mix ) ! bloody ,pequod ambassadors1 ^: h&s & arms1 me?\ght1 reek$ ) ! blood ( my c\ntrym51 murd]$ & massacr$ by !m on ! ,connecticut ,riv]1 & f :om ,i c\ld n b nightly look = _! bloody knives at my own ?roat also4 ,god wondr\sly pres]v$ me1 & help$ me to break ! ,pequod's negotiation & design2 & to make & f9i%1 by _m travels & *>ges1 ! ,engli% league ) ! ,n>ragansetts & ,mohegans aga9/ ! ,pequods4 ,z a result ( ?is1 ! tribe ( ,pequots 0 oblit]at$ completely & a dang] hang+ ov] all ! colonies 0 remov$4 ,! ,indian villages ( s\!rn ,new ,engl& 7 compos$ at times ( z _m z fifty h\ses or wigwams4 ,mo/ ( ^! wigwams 7 %ap$ l ! half ( an orange1 ) ! flat or cut surface d[n4 ,!y 7 t5 to twelve feet 9 diamet] & c\ld accommodate two families4 ,o!r h\ses 7 l ! half ( a /ovepipe cut l5g?wise1 tw5ty to ?irty feet long1 & accommodat$ f two families 9 ! summ]time to fifty 9 ! w9t]1 :5 ! p cr[d$ toge!r = ! sake ( w>m?4 ,! c\ncil-*amb] 0 (t5 z long z "o hundr$ feet ) a wid? ( ?irty feet4 ,x 0 us$ only = c\ncils4 ,a =tifi$ /ockade 9 ! c5t] ( ! village 0 made ( logs set into ! gr\nd4 ,su* 0 ! %elt] af=d$ ,williams :5 he fl$ f ,salem1 & su* 0 ! place :5 he met ! ,indian sa*ems 9 c\ncil seek+ to av]t ! massacre ( ! :ites4 ,9 ^! villages he prea*$ ! ev]la/+ gospel ( ! ,son ( ,god4 ,he _h ! con/ant confid5ce ( ,indian sa*ems because he appli$ to !m ! pr9ciple ( s\l-lib]ty :i* he s\ght to practise among ! :ites4 ,9 ! autumn ( #afch1 ,rog] ,williams' ?ird *ild & fir/ son 0 born & nam$ 8,provid5ce40 ,he 0 ! fir/ :ite male *ild born 9 ?is colony4 ,9 ! ye> #afci-afdj ! t[n grew & felt ! ne$ ( a sy/em ( t[n gov]nm5t4 ,on ,july #bc1 #afdj1 an organization 0 decid$ ^u 9 :i* !y ve/$ ! c>e ( ! g5]al int]e/s ( ! t[n 9 five 8dispos]s0 or arbitrators4 ,! p reta9$ ! "r to appeal f ! 8dispos]s0 to ! g5]al t[n meet+4 ,!y 7 c>eful to provide t z 8=m]ly ha? be5 ! lib]ties ( ! t[n1 s /ill to hold = ! lib]ty ( consci5ce40 ,9 #afch a settlem5t _h be5 made at ,portsm\? on ,rhode ,isl&4 ,john ,cl>ke & ,mrs4 ,ann ,hut*9son 7 ! lead]s ( ?is new b& :o 7 look+ = a place :]e !y might h religi\s fre$om1 :i* 0 d5i$ !m at ,bo/on4 ,!y w5t fir/ to ,new ,hamp%ire1 b1 f9d+ x too cold !re1 turn$ to ! s\?4 ,by ! fri5dly assi/ance ( ,mr4 ,williams1 !y secur$ f ,canonicus & ,miantonomo1 = a consid]ation ( =ty fa?oms ( :ite beads1 ,aquidneck & o!r isl&s 9 ,n>ragansett ,bay4 ,! natives resid+ on ! isl& itself 7 induc$ to remove = a consid]ation ( t5 coats & tw5ty hoes4 ,! new settl]s *ose ,mr4 ,codd+ton to be _! judge & unit$ 9 a cov5ant ) ea* o!r & ) _! ,god4 ,!y made ,mr4 ,codd+ton _! gov]nor 9 #afdj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plan ,,%[+ ,,! ,,fir/ ,,division ,,( ,,home ,,lots ,,9 ,provid5ce1 ,r4,i4 ,ab\t ?is same "t a numb] ( ,provid5ce p settl$ 9 ,pawtuxet1 f\r miles s\? ( ,provid5ce 9 t]ritory c$$ to ,williams4 ,w>wick & ,%awomet 7 settl$ by ,samuel ,gorton & 8 fri5ds4 ,gorton 0 a /range "* :o did n f9d ?+s cong5ial = him at ,bo/on1 ,plym\?1 & ,newport 9 turn4 ,rog] ,williams1 h[ev]1 gave him %elt] 9 ,provid5ce4 ,f9ally he w5t to ,pawtuxet & lat] to ,%awomet1 = :i* he paid f\r fa?oms ( wampum to ! ,indians4 ,at once ,bo/on ,colony claim$ t ,%awomet 0 "u _! jurisdiction4 ,gorton & 8 associates refus$ to come to ,bo/on at ! bidd+ ( ! au?orities4 ,=ty soldi]s came to ,%awomet & seiz$ ,gorton & t5 ( 8 fri5ds & imprison$ !m 9 ,bo/on4 ,!y 7 tri$ = _! lives1 escap+ only by two votes4 ,!y 7 !n imprison$ 9 ! v>i\s t[ns4 ,ea* "o 0 compell$ to we> a *a9 fa/ bolt$ ar\nd 8 legs4 ,if !y spoke to any p]son1 o!r ?an an (fic] ( ! ,*ur* or ( ! ,/ate1 !y 7 to be put to dea?4 ,!y 7 kept at labor t w9t] & !n bani%$ 9 ! spr+4 ,gorton escap$ to ,engl& & secur$ an ord] f ! ,e>l ( ,w>wick & ! ,commission]s ( ! ,colonies requir+ ,massa*usetts n to mole/ ! settl]s at ,%awomet4 ,!reaft] ,gorton & 8 fri5ds occupi$ _! l&s 9 peace4 ,gorton wrote 8 side ( ! "q 9 8,simplicities ,def5ce10 9 :i* he ref]r$ to 8 p]secutors z 8,t ,s]vant s ,imp]i\s 9 8 ,ma/]'s ,abs5ce ,reviv$40 ,?is is ano!r indictm5t aga9/ ! p]secut+ ,puritans by "o :o f\nd %elt] 9 ! ,bapti/ colony ( ,rhode ,isl&4 ,illu/ration ,,simplicities ,,def5ce aga9/ ,,sev5-,,head$ ,,policy4 ,,or ,innoc5cy ,v9dicat$1 be+ unju/ly ,accus$1 & sorely ,c5sur$1 by t ,sev5-head$ ,*ur*-,gov]nm5t ,unit$ 9 ,,new-,,engl&3 ,,or ,t ,s]vant s ,imp]i\s 9 8 ,ma/]s ,abs5ce ,reviv$1 & n[ ?us re-act+ 9 ,,new-,,engl&4 ,,or ,! combate ( ! ,unit$ ,colonies1 n onely aga9/ "s ( ! ,natives & ,subjects1 b aga9/ ! ,au?ority also ( ! ,k+dme ( ,engl&1 ) _! execution ( ,laws1 9 ! "n & ,au?ority ( ! s]vant1 7or ( !mselves7 & n 9 ! ,"n & ,au?ority ( ! ,"l1 or f\nta9 ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,:]e9 is decl>$ an ,act ( a great p & ,c\ntry ( ! ,indians 9 ^? p>ts1 bo? ,pr9ces & ,p 7unanim\sly7 9 _! volunt>y ,submission & ,subjection unto ! ,protection & ,gov]nm5t ( ,old ,engl& 7f ! ,fame !y he> !re(7 toge!r ) ! true mann] & =me ( x1 z x appe>s "u _! own h&s & seals1 be+ /irr$ up1 & provok$ !reto1 by ! ,combate & c\rses above-said4 ,?r\gh\t :i* ,treatise is secretly int]m+l$1 t great ,opposition1 :i* is 9 ! go+s =? ( ^? two gr& ,spirits1 t are & ev] h be51 extant 9 ! ,_w 7?r\gh ! sons ( m57 f ! beg9n+ & f\ndation !re(4 ,imprimatur1 ,aug4 #c4 #afdf4 ,dilig5tly p]us$1 approv$1 & ,lic5s$ to ! ,presse1 accord+ to ,ord] by publike ,au?ority4 ,,london1 ,pr9t$ by ,john ,macock1 & are to be sold by ,,luke ,,favvne1 at 8 %op 9 ,pauls ,*ur*-y>d1 at ! sign ( ! ,p>rot4 #afdf4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,*>t] ,z ! colony grew1 x 0 f\nd necess>y t !re %\ld be "s ve/$ au?ority :i* w\ld comm& respect f ! neighbors4 ,not)/&+ :at ,williams _h done = ! ,plym\? & ,massa*usetts ,bay colonies 9 connection ) ! ,pequot ,w>1 & ! p]sonal fri5d%ips he _h ) ! gov]nors1 !y w\ld n consid] t he or 8 _h any sep>ate colony rights :atev]4 ,he _h be5 _! ,joseph driv5 f home & c\ntry by ho/ile bre?r54 ,9 exile1 he became ! savior ( 8 bre?r5 f a dreadful massacre by ! ,indians4 ,nev]!less1 ,plym\? claim$ jurisdiction ov] all ! plantations 9 ,n>ragansett ,bay1 & ,massa*usetts claim$ x ov] ,provid5ce1 ,pawtuxet1 & ,%awomet4 ,! ,dut* _h =m$ a trad+-po/ at ,dut* ,isl& & else:]e & c\ld /rike a bl[ at ! colony at any "t4 ,out ( ^! conditions grew ! dem& = a *>t]4 ,rog] ,williams1 at a great p]sonal sacrifice1 w5t to ,engl& f ,manhattan1 n[ ,new ,york ,city1 because ! two colonies to ! nor? =bade 8 dep>ture f _! ports4 ,arriv+ 9 ,engl&1 he f\nd ! c\ntry 9 ! mid/ ( ! great ,civil ,w>4 ,k+ ,*>les 0 p[]less because ,p>liam5t controll$ ! realm4 ,p>liam5t _h plac$ colonial int]e/ 9 *>ge ( a committee ( :i* ! ,e>l ( ,w>wick 0 *airman or 8,gov]nor 9 ,*ief1 & ,"l ,high ,admiral ( ! ,colonies40 ,f ?is c\ncil a *>t] 0 grant$1 ,m>* #ag1 #afdd4 ,! colony 0 incorporat$ z 8,provid5ce ,plantations0 & embrac$ ! t]ritory n[ cov]$ by ! ,/ate ( ,rhode ,isl&4 ,!re 0 grant$ to ! inhabitants ( ,provid5ce1 ,portsm\?1 & ,newport1 a free & absolute *>t] ( incorporation 444 toge!r ) full p[] & au?ority to gov]n !mselves & su* o!rs z %all h]eaft] inhabit )9 any "p ( said tract ( l& by su* =m ( civil gov]nm5t z by ! volunt>y cons5t ( all or ! greate/ "p ( !m %all be f\nd mo/ s]viceable to _! e/ate & condition1 etc4 ,^u ! return ( ,williams1 ! inhabitants ( ,provid5ce1 le>n+ ( 8 approa*1 came out 9 f\rte5 canoes to meet him at ! ,seekonk4 ,!y travel$ ov] ! hi/oric c\rse :i* he _h travel$ six ye>s be=e :5 he 0 an exile4 ,n[ 9 triumph !y escort$ _! belov$ lead] to home & native t[n4 ,a picture ( 8 return ) ! *>t]1 by ,grant1 is on ! walls ( ! ,c\rt ,h\se at ,provid5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,arrival ( ,rog] ,williams ) ! ,*>t] ,! e>lie/ publi%$ "w ( ,mr4 ,williams is entitl$1 ,a ,,key ,,into ,,! ,,language ,,( ,,am]ica3 or1 an help to ! ,language ( ! ,natives 9 t "p ( ,am]ica1 call$ ,new-,engl&4 ,toge!r1 ) briefe ,obs]vations ( ! ,cu/omes1 ,mann]s & ,wor%ips1 etc4 ( ! a=esaid ,natives1 9 ,peace & ,w>re1 9 ,life & ,dea?4 ,on all :i* are add$ ,spirituall ,obs]vations1 ,g5]all & ,p>ticul> by ! ,au?\r1 ( *iefe & speciall use 7^u all occasions7 to all ! ,engli% ,inhabit+ ^? p>ts2 yet pleasant & pr(itable to ! view ( all m53 ,by ,rog] ,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,london1 ,pr9t$ by ,gregory ,dext]1 #afdc4 ,x 0 writt5 at sea1 en r\te to ,engl&1 9 ! summ] ( #afdc4 ,copies ( ! orig9al edition are 9 ! ,bodleian ,libr>y1 at ,ox=d1 ! ,briti% ,museum1 also 9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,society1 ,h>v>d ,college1 ,br[n ,univ]sity1 & ! ,am]ican ,antiqu>ian ,society at ,worce/]4 ,x comprises two hundr$ & sixte5 small duodecimo pages1 includ+ preface & table4 ,! second publi%$ "w ( ,rog] ,williams is entitl$1 8,mr4 ,cottons ,lett] ,lately ,pr9t$1 ,exam9$ & ,answ]$4 ,by ,rog] ,williams ( ,provid5ce1 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,london1 ,impr9t$ 9 ! ,ye]e #afdd40 ,mr4 ,cotton _h s\ght to 8take (f ! edge ( ,c5sure f himself0--t he 0 no procur] ( ! sorr[ :i* came to ,williams 9 8 flight & exile4 ,x is a small qu>to ( =ty-sev5 pages1 prec$$ by an address ( two pages4 ,! lett] ref]r$ to 0 writt5 by ,john ,cotton1 & 0 publi%$ 9 ,london1 #afdc4 ,! au?or v9dicat$ ! act ( ! magi/rates 9 bani%+ ,rog] ,williams f ,massa*usetts4 ,he d5ies t he himself _h any ag5cy 9 x4 ,x consi/s ( ?irte5 small qu>to pages4 ,good copies ( bo? ! ,lett] & ! reply are 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,br[n ,univ]sity4 ,two copies ( ! reply are 9 ,engl&1 "o 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ! o!r 9 ,bodleian ,libr>y4 ,a mutilat$ copy ( ! reply is also 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,yale ,college4 ,rog] ,williams wrote also1 :5 9 ,engl&1 secur+ ! ,*>t] = ,rhode ,isl&1 a "w entitl$1 8,! ,bl\dy ,t55t1 ( ,p]secution = cause ( ,consci5ce1 discuss$40 ,x is consid]$ ! be/ writt5 ( all 8 works4 ,^! discussions 7 prep>$ 9 ,london1 = publike view1 9 *>ge ( roomes & corn]s1 yea1 sometimes 9 v>iety ( /range h\ses1 sometimes 9 ! fields1 9 ! mid/ ( travel1 :]e he ha? be5 =c$ to ga!r & scatt] 8 loose ?\ghts & pap]s4 ,x is writt5 9 an animat$ /yle & has ! adornm5t ( beautiful imag]y4 ,orig9al copies are r>e1 eight only are kn[n to exi/1 "o 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 "o 9 ,bodleian ,libr>y1 "o 9 ,br[n ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 "o 9 ,h>v>d ,college ,libr>y4 ,illu/ration ,m ,cottons ,,lett] ,lately ,pr9t$1 ,,exam9$ ,,& ,,ansvv]$3 ,by ,rog] ,williams ( ,provid5ce ,9 ,new,engl&4 ,illu/ration ,,london1 ,impr9t$ 9 ! ye]e #afdd4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,blovdy ,,t55t1 ( ,,p]secution1 = cause ( ,,consci5ce1 discuss$1 9 ,a ,conf]5ce betwe5e ,,trv? & ,,peace4 ,,:o1 ,9 all t5d] ,affection1 pres5t to ! ,high ,c\rt ( ,p>liam5t1 7z ! ,result ( _! ,disc\rse7 ^!1 7among/ o!r ,passages7 ( highe/ consid]ation4 ,illu/ration ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,ye> #afdd4 ,?is "w is bas$ on a ,bapti/ publication1 entitl$ 8,an ,humble ,supplication to ! ,k+'s ,maje/y1 z x 0 pres5t$ #afbj40 ,?is latt] 0 a cle> & concise argum5t aga9/ p]secution & = lib]ty ( consci5ce4 ,x 0 writt5 by ,murton1 or "s o!r ,london ,bapti/1 :o 0 imprison$ 9 ,newgate = consci5ce sake4 ,8 conf9em5t 0 s rigid t he 0 d5i$ p51 pap]1 & ink4 ,a fri5d 9 ,london s5t him %eets ( pap]1 z /opp]s = ! bottles conta9+ 8 daily all[ance ( milk4 ,he wrote 8 ?\ghts on ^! %eets ) milk1 return+ !m to 8 fri5ds z /opp]s = ! empty bottles4 ,!y 7 held to ! fire & ?us became legible4 ,rog] ,williams bas$ 8 book on ! argum5t ( ?is 8,humble ,supplication40 ,illu/ration3 ,rog] ,williams' ,ref]5ce to 8,an ,humble ,supplication0 9 ,8 8,bl\dy ,t55t0 ,9 su* ,pap] writt5 ) ,milk no?+ w appe>e1 b ! way ( read+ x by fire be+ kn[ne to ?is fri5d :o receiv$ ! ,pap]s1 he transcrib$ & kept toge!r ! ,pap]s1 al?\gh ! ,au?or himselfe c\ld n correct1 nor view :at himselfe _h writt54 ,x 0 9 milke1 t5d+ to s\le n\ri%m5t1 ev5 = ,babes & ,suckl+s 9 ,*ri/4 ,x 0 9 milke1 spiritually :ite1 pure & innoc5t1 l ^? :ite horses ( ! ,^w ( tru? & meeknesse1 & ! :ite ,l9n5 or ,arm\r ( right\snesse1 9 ! ,army ( ,jesus4 ,rev4 #f4 #ai4 ,x 0 9 milke1 s(t1 meeke1 peaceable & g5tle1 t5d+ bo? to ! peace ( s\les1 & ! peace ( ,/ates & ,k+domes4 ,sid5ote3 ,! ,answ] writ 9 ,bl\d4 ,peace4 ,! ,answ] 7?\gh ,i hope out ( milkie pure int5tions7 is return$ 9 bl\d3 bl\dy slaught]\s conclusions2 bl\dy to ! s\ls ( all m51 =c'd to ! ,religion & ,wor%ip :i* e civil ,/ate or ,common-weale agrees on1 & compells all subjects to 9 a dissembl$ uni=mitie4 ,bl\dy to ! bodies1 fir/ ( ! holy witnesses ( ,*ri/ ,jesus1 :o te/ifie aga9/ su* inv5t$ wor%ips4 ,secondly1 ( ! ,nations & ,peoples slaught]+ ea* o!r = _! sev]all respective ,religions & ,consci5ces4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! little b& :i* settl$ ,provid5ce on t ,june day1 #afcf1 _h gr[n into a l>ge t[n4 ,) o!r t[ns !y suff]$ ! same inju/ice f neighbor+ colonies4 ,! assembly 9 ,newport1 ,septemb] #ai1 #afdb1 :i* intru/$ ! "w ( secur+ a *>t] to ,williams1 0 9 reality fus+ toge!r ^! sep>ate gr\ps1 :i* _h a common enemy & common pr9ciples1 into a ,/ate4 ,! ,t[n ( ,provid5ce1 a great monum5t to ,rog] ,williams1 mu/ n[ give way to ! ,/ate ( ,rhode ,isl&1 :i* 0 de/9$ to become a /ill l>g] monum5t to ! ideals ( ?is great expon5t ( civil & religi\s lib]ty1 8a lib]ty :i* does n p]mit lic5se 9 civil matt]s 9 contempt ( law & ord]40 ,,iii ,,! ,,hi/oric ,,cu/odians ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,rog] ,williams mu/ =ev] rank z "o ( ! great epo*-mak]s ( ! _w1 & to him imp>tial hi/orians accord ! honor ( be+ ! fir/ democrat4 ,x 0 n until 8 expulsion f ,salem ,colony t he became a ,bapti/1 b ! evid5ce is indisputable t he _h long be5 a ,bapti/ at he>t4 ,he _h sp5t mu* "t among ! ,bapti/s 9 ,engl& & 0 famili> ) _! doctr9es & writ+s4 ,no soon] _h ,williams set foot 9 ,am]ica ?an he f\nd himself 9 conflict ) ! au?orities1 bo? civil & religi\s4--,s4 ,z4 ,batt51 9 8,! ,*ri/ian ,/ate40 ,!re is n a confession ( fai?1 nor a cre$1 fram$ by any ( ! ,re=m]s1 :i* does n give ! magi/rate a co]cive p[] 9 religion1 & almo/ e "o at ! same "t curses ! resi/+ ,bapti/s4--,e4 ,b4 ,und]hill1 9 8,/ruggles & ,triumphs40 ,godly pr9ces may lawfully issue edicts = compell+ ob/9ate & rebelli\s p]sons to wor%ip ! true ,god & to ma9ta9 ! unity ( ! fai?4--,calv94 ,democracy1 ,i d n conceyve t ev] ,god did ordeyne z a fit gov]nm5t ey!r = ,*ur* or ,commonweal?4444 ,z = mon>*y & ari/ocracy1 !y are bo? ( !m cle>ly approv$1 & direct$ 9 ,scripture4--,john ,cotton4 ,x is said t ,m5 ought to h ,lib]ty ( _! ,consci5ce1 & t x is ,p]secution to deb> !m ( x2 ,i c /& amaz$ ?an reply to ?is3 ,x is an a/oni%m5t to ?9k t ! bra9s ( m5 %\ld be p>boil$ 9 su* impi\s ignorance4--,rev4 ,na?aniel ,w>d1 ,lawy] ,div9e1 ( ,ipswi*1 :o drew up ! fir/ legal code = ,massa*usetts ,bay ,colony4 ,,! ,,hi/oric ,,cu/odians ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,rog] ,williams1 bo? m9i/] & citiz51 probably l$ ! ,provid5ce plant]s 9 _! religi\s activities4 ,he 0 nei!r id5tifi$ ) ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 nor 9 sympa?y ) ! intol]ance ( ! new e/abli%$ ord] at ,bo/on & ,salem1 or ev5 ! "o at ,plym\?4 ,he 0 a ,sep>ati/ ( ! mo/ pron\nc$ type1 & t 0 exactly ! accr$it$ ,bapti/ position4 ,he 0 "o ) ! ,bapti/s 9 8 ideas conc]n+ a complete sep>ation f ! ,/ate ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 "o ) !m 9 ! absolute sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 "o ) !m 9 insi/+ ^u a reg5]ate *ur*-memb]%ip4 ,s accord+ to ! logic ( ! situation he turn$ to ! ,bapti/ movem5t4 ,he may h be5 in/ruct$ z to _! position by ,mrs4 ,scott 7! si/] ( ! ,ant9omian1 ,mrs4 ,ann ,hut*9son71 :o came to ,provid5ce %ortly be=e ! baptism ( ,williams4 ,rog] ,williams _h be5 accus$ ( t5d5cies t[>d ! ,anabapti/s :ile 9 ,plym\?1 ,salem1 & ,bo/on4 ,be=e he met ,mrs4 ,scott1 h[ev]1 he held ! ,bapti/ positions ( ! "t4 ,x is n unlikely t %e1 be+ an intellig5t ,bapti/1 %[$ ,williams ! rem>kable simil>ity betwe5 8 position & t ( ! ,bapti/s4 ,"s "t be=e ,m>*1 #afci1 ,williams 0 baptiz$4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( a ,bapti/ m9i/]1 ,ezekiel ,holliman1 an exile f ,salem1 baptiz$ ,rog] ,williams1 :o 9 turn baptiz$ ,mr4 ,holliman & "s t5 o!rs4 ,l ! disciple b& ( old ! ,bapti/ movem5t 9 ,provid5ce & ,am]ica comm5c$ ) a b& ( twelve disciples4 ,_! names are z foll[s3 ,rog] ,williams1 ,ezekiel ,holliman1 ,william ,arnold 7871#a ,william ,h>ris1 ,/ukely ,we/cott1 ,john ,gre51 ,ri*>d ,wat]man1 ,?omas ,james1 ,rob]t ,cole1 ,william ,c>p5t] 7871 ,francis ,we/on1 & ,?omas ,olney4 ,?us 0 organiz$ ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* 9 ,am]ica4 #a ,! 880 is aft] ,arnold's "n 9 ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ,regi/]4 ,great 0 ! con/]nation 9 ,salem :5 news rea*$ !re ( ! baptism ( ,williams & o!rs :o _h be5 memb]s ( _! *ur*4 ,! ,puritan *ur* took action at once4 ,! lett] ann\nc+ to ! *ur* at ,dor*e/] ! exclusion ( ! (f5d]s is int]e/+3 ,,rev]5d ,,& ,,de>ly ,,belov$ ,,9 ,,! ,,"l3 ,we ?\ght x our b\nd5 duty to acqua9t y ) ! names ( su* p]sons1 z h _h ! great c5sure pass$ ^u !m1 9 ?is our *ur*1 ) ! reasons !re(1 besee*+ y 9 ! ,"l1 n only to read _! names 9 public to y\rs1 b also to give u ! l notice ( any dealt ) 9 l mann] by y1 s t we may walk t[>d !m accord+ly1 = "s ( u "h h _h communion ignorantly ) "s ( o!r *ur*es4 #b ,!ss4 #c3ad4 ,we c d no less ?an h su* not$ z disobey ! tru?4 ,rog] ,williams & 8 wife1 ,john ,?rockmorton & 8 wife1 ,?omas ,olney & 8 wife1 ,/ukely ,we/cott & 8 wife1 ,m>y ,holliman1 ,wid[ ,reeves4 ,^! :olly refus$ to he> ! *ur*1 d5y+ x1 & all ! *ur*es 9 ! ,bay1 to be true *ur*es1 & 7except two7 are all rebaptiz$4 ,aft] "s "t ,rog] ,williams left ! ,bapti/ *ur* he _h organiz$ 9 ,provid5ce4 ,because ( ?is fact _m h ask$ ! "q1 8,0 ,rog] ,williams aft] all a ,bapti/80 ,8 life-/ory reveals ! fact t he held ! ,bapti/ views be=e he left ,plym\?4 ,eld] ,brew/] detect$ ! ,bapti/ h]esy 9 8 tea*+ to ! p ( ! ,pilgrim colony & w>n$ ! lead]s ( ! ,bay ,colony ( ?is t5d5cy to 8,anabapti/]y40 ,williams' m9i/ry 9 ! ,bay ,colony reveals ! fact t he 0 aga9/ ev]y?+ :i* 0 relat$ to ! ,episcopacy or t might ev5 lead to a 8presbyt]y40 ,he refus$ to m9i/] to ! ,bo/on *ur* because x 0 relat$ to ! ,episcopal ,/ate ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,he also que/ion$ ! propriety ( ! m9i/]s' conf]5ce 9 ,new ,engl&1 = fe> !y might e/abli% a presbyt]y :i* w\ld rob ! local *ur* ( its congregational privileges4 ,8 :ole life 9 ,am]ica 0 univ]sally true to ! accept$ ,bapti/ position relative to *ur* polity4 ,at ! "t ( ,williams' baptism1 ,engli% ,bapti/s 7 agitat$ 9 reg>d to ! prop] adm9i/rators ( ,*ri/ian baptism4 ,_m cross$ to ! ,cont95t & 7 baptiz$ by m9i/]s 9 ,holl&4 ,williams 0 soon tr\bl$ also 9 reg>d to ! same "q4 ,0 he prop]ly baptiz$8 ,t 0 ! "q :i* confront$ him4 ,he w\ld n juggle ) 8 consci5ce4 ,he knew ( no ,bapti/ m9i/] or baptiz$ believ] orda9$ to ! m9i/ry 9 ,am]ica :5 he 0 baptiz$4 ,8 own baptism 0 by an unbaptiz$ p]son4 ,he made dilig5t /udy ( ! "q & c\ld n satisfy 8 m9d t !re 0 a real succession ( prop] adm9i/rators4 ,9 ! awful decl9e ( ! *ur* he 0 conv9c$ t ! sacr$ succession _h be5 brok54 ,he believ$ t ei!r t succession mu/ be 9 exi/5ce1 or ,god mu/ raise up a new 8apo/olate10 to comm5ce aga9 ! sacr$ succession4 ,true to pr9ciple1 he felt he mu/ )draw f ! *ur* at ,provid5ce4 ,9 ! ye>s :i* foll[$ no?+ :i* he said or did ev] *ang$ ! facts t he 0 ! fir/ recogniz$ pa/or ( ! fir/ ,bapti/ *ur* t 0 organiz$ 9 ,am]ica1 t he 0 ! fir/ kn[n case 9 ,am]ica ( a believ] be+ imm]s$ ^u pr(ession ( fai? into ! fell[%ip ( a local ,bapti/ *ur*1 & t he 0 ! organiz] ( ! fir/ ,bapti/ *ur* 9 ,am]ica4 ,9 ! ye>s :i* foll[$ 8 sep>ation f ! *ur* at ,provid5ce1 he left no unc]ta9ty z to 8 ,bapti/ views on e "q save t ( ! prop] adm9i/rator ( baptism & its k9dr$ subject ( ord9ation4 ,9 all o!r views he 0 a loyal ,bapti/ until 8 dea?4 ,9 8 day1 ! ,bapti/s 7 divid$ into two recogniz$ divisions1 namely1 ,p>ticul> & ,g5]al ,bapti/s4 ,dr4 ,h5ry ,m4 ,k+1 ( ,provid5ce1 "o ( ! successors ( ,rog] ,williams 9 ! pa/orate ( ! ,provid5ce *ur*1 describes ,rog] ,williams z a 8,high-*ur* ,bapti/40 ,! late ,reub5 ,a4 ,guild1 = _m ye>s libr>ian ( ,br[n ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 & a ?or\gh /ud5t ( ! orig9al s\rces ( in=mation1 writes ?us ( ,rog] ,williams 9 8 hi/ory ( ,br[n ,univ]sity3 ,9 reg>d to ! o!r great doctr9es held by ! ,bapti/s1 lib]ty ( consci5ce1 or s\l-lib]ty1 ! entire sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 ! supreme head%ip ( ,*ri/ 9 all spiritual matt]s1 reg5]ation ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ! ,holy ,_s1 & a he>ty belief 9 ! ,bible z ,god's div9ely inspir$ & miracul\sly pres]v$ ^w & ! all-suffici5t rule = fai? & practice1 he 0 ?r\gh\t life a s9c]e believ] 9 !m all & an e>ne/ advocate ( !m1 z 8 lett]s & publi%$ works abundantly %[4 ,9 ,williams' book1 8,*ri/5+s make n ,*ri/ians10 we h ! mo/ radical ,bapti/ tea*+ 9 reg>d to ! errors ( infant spr9kl+4 ,he attack$ ! v f\ndation ( ! p$obapti/s4 ,he insi/$ t only ! reg5]ation ( ! he>t1 ?r\gh ! m9i/ry ( ! ,holy ,_s1 c\ld make any p]son a ,*ri/ian4 ,he believ$ t believ]s' imm]sion is ! ,new ,te/am5t baptism4 ,9 a lett] to ,gov]nor ,w9?rop1 dat$ ,decemb] #aj1 #afdi1 he writes3 ,mr4 ,john ,cl>ke ha? be5 "h lately & ha? dipp$ !m4 ,i believe _! practice comes ne>] ! practice ( our great ,f\nd]1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ?an any o!r practices ( religion d4 ,9 8 debate ) ,fox1 he writes ?us1 elev5 ye>s prior to 8 dea?3 ,t gallant & heav5ly & fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! true matt] ( a ,*ri/ian congregation1 flock or society1 namely1 actual believ]s1 true disciples & conv]ts1 su* z c give an acc\nt ( h[ ! grace ( ,god ha? appe>$ unto !m4 ,we %\ld ?9k ( ,rog] ,williams z a man *os5 ( ,god to be *ampion ( a great di/9ctive ,bapti/ doctr9e held by ! ,bapti/s c5turies prior to 8 day & taught by ! ,bapti/s aft] 8 "t until x 0 made an ess5tial "p ( our national ,con/itution4 ,releas$ f pa/oral duties1 ,rog] ,williams gave himself completely to ! task ( e/abli%+ & gu>d+ ! sacr$ fires ( s\l-lib]ty :i* he _h k9dl$ 9 ,rhode ,isl&4 ,= ?is sacr$ cause he sacrific$ 8 com=table home at ,salem & devot$ ! e>n+s ( a lifetime 9 trips to ,engl& to secure p>liam5t>y protection = ! colony :5 envi\s neighbors on all sides 7 covet+ 8 pur*as$ possessions4 ,he sacrific$ 8 opportunity to become weal?y & di$ a poor man4 ,all honor to ,john ,cl>ke1 physician & pa/or at ,newport1 = ! spl5did coop]ation :i* he gave to ,williams4 ,!y 7 comrades1 n rivals = fame 9 ^? days4 ,!y 7 happy 9 life & %\ld n be made enemies 9 dea?4 ,_! names %\ld be l9k$ toge!r z ! pione]s & p]fect]s ( s\l-lib]ty 9 ,rhode ,isl&4 ,illu/ration ,*ri/5+s make n ,,*ri/ians1 ,,or ,a ,briefe ,disc\rse conc]n+ t "n ,hea!n1 commonly giv5 to ! ,,indians4 ,z also conc]n+ t great po9t ( _! ,,conv]sion4 ,illu/ration ,publi%$ accord+ to ,ord]4 ,london1 ,pr9t$ by ,iane ,coe1 = ,i4 ,h4 #afde4 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,bapti/ ,,*ur* ,! e>ly ,provid5ce ,bapti/s met at fir/ 9 a grove "u ! trees4 ,9 inclem5t wea!r !y w\ld meet 9 private homes4 ,!y adopt$ no articles ( fai?1 & to ?is day ! ,fir/ ,*ur* ( ,provid5ce has be5 )\t a =mal cre$ or cov5ant4 ,= sixty ye>s ! *ur* f\nd$ by ,rog] ,williams _h no h\se ( wor%ip4 ,p>don ,till+ha/1 its six? pa/or1 built !m a h\se ( wor%ip 9 #agjj & de$$ x to ! ,society 9 #agaa4 ,x /ood on ! corn] ( ,nor? ,ma9 & ,smi? ,/reets4 ,a l>g] *ur*1 =ty feet squ>e1 built 9 #agbf1 succe$$ ?is fir/ edifice4 ,! pres5t edifice 0 built 9 #agge1 & 0 d$icat$ 8= ! wor%ip ( ,almighty ,god & to hold comm5cem5ts 940 ,x co/ #ce1jjj1 a "p ( :i* 0 rais$ by a lott]y1 au?oriz$ by ! ,/ate4 ,! build+ 0 design$ by ,joseph ,br[n & ,james ,sumn]1 :o us$ z a model ,gibb's *ur* 9 ,london1 ,/4 ,m>t9-9-!-,fields4 ,x is recogniz$ z "o ( ! f9e/ examples ( colonial ar*itecture 9 ,am]ica4 ,x has a beautiful int]ior4 ,! upp] gall]y at ! we/ end 0 orig9ally set ap>t = slaves & color$ p4 ,x 0 remov$ to give place = ! pipe-organ 9 #ahcb4 ,! same ye> ! old-fa%ion$ squ>e pews 7 ex*ang$ = ! pres5t ones2 ! l(ty pulpit & s\nd+-bo>d 7 tak5 d[n4 ,! beautiful cry/al *&eli]1 import$ f ,engl& 9 #agib 0 light$ = ! fir/ "t :5 ,hope ,br[n1 daught] ( ,ni*olas ,br[n1 0 m>ri$ to ,?omas ,poynton ,ives4 ,x 0 ! bride's gift to ! *ur*4 ,! bell 9 ! t[] weighs two ?\s& five hundr$ p\nds1 & bore orig9ally ?is inscription3 ,= fre$om ( consci5ce ! t[n 0 fir/ plant$2 ,p]suasion1 n =ce1 0 us$ by ! p2 ,?is *ur* is ! elde/1 & has n recant$1 ,enjoy+ & grant+ bell1 temple1 & /eeple4 ,x has be5 crack$ ?ree times & reca/ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x n[ be>s ! date ( ! orig9 ( ! *ur*1 & ! "n ( ,rog] ,williams1 8its fir/ pa/or & ! fir/ ass]t] ( lib]ty ( consci5ce40 ,! bell is rung at sunrise1 at midday1 & at n9e o'clock z 9 ! days ( old4 ,illu/ration3 ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,provid5ce ,illu/ration3 ,rog] ,m[ry's 8,ord9>ie40 ,built #afec1 ,demoli%$ #aijj ,9 ! ve/ries are pictures ( _m ( ! =m] lead]s ( ?is hi/oric *ur*4 ,9 ! hallway1 9 a glass case1 is a piece ( ! orig9al 8,:at ,*e] ,rock10 ! l&+-place ( ,williams4 ,at ! entrance to ! *ur* a bronze tablet commemorates ! fact t ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,provid5ce 0 ! fir/ ,bapti/ *ur* e/abli%$ 9 ,am]ica & t ,rog] ,williams 0 its fir/ pa/or4 ,! pres5t organization1 kn[n z ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,provid5ce1 has e valid reason = claim+ to be ! true successor ( ! orig9al *ur*1 organiz$ be=e #afci1 by ,rog] ,williams4 ,9 ! ,rhode ,isl& ,bapti/ ,/ate ,annual ! date ( ! *ur*'s organization is giv5 z #afch4 ,a committee appo9t$ by ! *ur*1 :5 report+1 on ,m>* #af1 #ahii1 ! reasons = claim+ t ! pres5t organization is ! true successor ( ! fir/ ,bapti/ *ur* organiz$ 9 ,am]ica1 quot$ 9 def5se ( ?is position ! foll[+ writ]s3 ,arnold1 8,hi/ory ( ,rhode ,isl&02 ,caldwell1 8,hi/ory ( ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*02 ,guild1 8,hi/ory ( ,br[n ,univ]sity & ,mann+02 ,pr(4 ,geo4 ,p4 ,fi%]1 ( ,yale1 8,9 ,colonial ,era02 ,cramp1 8,bapti/ ,hi/ory02 ,dext]1 8,z to ,rog] ,williams02 ,morgan ,edw>ds1 8,mat]ials = a ,hi/ory ( ,bapti/s 9 ,rhode ,isl&40 ,9 ! foll[+ fall ?is report 0 also pres5t$ to ! ,w>r5 ,association & 0 ord]$ pr9t$ 9 ! ,m9utes ( ! ,association4 ,9 ! 8,hi/orical ,catalogue0 ( ?is *ur*1 a book prep>$ by a committee consi/+ ( ,rev4 ,h4 ,m4 ,k+1 ,d4 ,d41 ,pres4 ,w4 ,h4 ,p4 ,faunce1 ,pr(4 ,wm4 ,c4 ,pol&1 & o!rs1 a committee famili> ) ! orig9al s\rces ( in=mation1 we f9d ,rog] ,williams li/$ z ! fir/ memb] 9 its li/ ( memb]s & z ! fir/ pa/or 9 its li/ ( pa/ors4 ,! bronze tablet 9 front ( ! pres5t meet+-h\se & ! inscription on ! bell bo? /ate t ,rog] ,williams 0 ! fir/ pa/or4 ,,rog] ,,williams' ,,ideal1 ,a ,,di/9ctive ,,bapti/ ,,pr9ciple ,we h already not$ ! fact t ,rog] ,williams 0 accus$ ( ,anabapti/ t5d5cies4 ,! ,bapti/s1 or ,anabapti/s1 ?r\gh\t ! ages h /ood = ! mo/ advanc$ pr9ciples ( ,prote/antism4 ,!y exi/$ long be=e ,lu!r4 ,_m hi/orians claim = !m a hi/oric cont9uity f ! days ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,_! pr9ciples--democracy ( ! local *ur*1 sov]eignty ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! au?ority ( ! ,scriptures--h be5 p]petuat$ by local di/9ct bodies r ?an by ! hi/oric cont9uity ( a g5]al d5om9ation ) a common "n & a common gov]n+ body4 ,! ,ma/]1 9 ! p>able ( ! ,t>es1 taught ! pr9ciple advocat$ by ! ,bapti/s & by ,rog] ,williams4 ,! field is ! _w2 ! good se$1 ! *ildr5 ( ! k+dom2 ! t>es are ! evil-do]s4 ,:eat & t>es %\ld be all[$ to gr[ toge!r 9 ! _w 7n 9 ! *ur*7 until ! end ( ! age1 :5 ! angels1 ! reap]s ( ,god1 w ga!r !m toge!r = rew>d or puni%m5t4 ,=ce mu/ nev] be us$ to make disciples = ,*ri/4 ,9 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian c5turies1 ! *ur* long$ = lib]ty to live = ,*ri/ & prea* 8 gospel4 ,t5 great g5]al p]secutions 7 laun*$ by ! ,roman emp]ors to cru% ! *ur*4 ,! promise t ! gates ( hell w\ld n prevail aga9/ x 0 realiz$4 ,! ,edict ( ,milan1 issu$ 9 #cac1 by ,con/ant9e & ,lic9ius1 jo9t emp]ors1 gave ! *ur* an opportunity to gr[ & prosp] & x 0 soon 9 ! lead ?r\gh\t ! ,roman ,empire4 ,!n ! *ur* turn$ p]secutor & put to dea? ^? :o diff]$ f ! rul+ ord]1 :i* n[ _h lo/ its democratic ideals4 ,:5 ! ,montani/s1 ! ,donati/s1 ! ,paulicians1 ! ,albig5ses1 & ! ,wald5ses 9 turn resi/$ ! evil t5d5cies & assumptions ( a corrupt *ur*1 !y 7 p]secut$ ) a fi]c5ess great] ?an t =m]ly wag$ by ! pagans aga9/ ! *ur*4 ,! pr9ciple ( religi\s lib]ty 0 almo/ lo/4 ,x became ! f>-(f dream ( ideali/s4 ,^! dream]s 7 usually call$ ,anabapti/s4 ,at fir/ !y 7 diss5t]s f ,roman ,ca?olicism1 b aft]w>d !y 7 also diss5t]s f ! dom9ant =ms ( ,prote/antism4 ,illu/ration3 ,int]ior ( ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*1 ,provid5ce ,! ,prote/ant ,re=mation 0 a case ( arre/$ developm5t4 ,x 0 l ! exodus f ! ,egyptian bondage4 ,!re 0 a long l+]+ 9 ! wild]ness be=e ! day dawn$ ) full religi\s lib]ty4 ,h5ry ,melville ,k+ says3 ,! absolute supremacy ( ! ^w ( ,god1 ! spiritual nature ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 ! ,*ri/ian ord9ances = believ+ s\ls1 ! divorce ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 full1 unre/rict$ religi\s fre$om = e man1 ^! ess5tial tru?s ( ! gospel ( ,*ri/ f\nd no room at ! inn ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 & 7 ?ru/ aside into ! mang] 444 ! inn 0 n op5 = x1 b ! mang] 04 ,! pr9ciple ( religi\s lib]ty did n fail to get born4 ,! ,anabapti/s ( ,europe kept alive ! ideals ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,!y s\ght to c>ry out ! pr9ciples ( ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation to its scriptural & logical conclusion4 ,_m1 call$ by ?is "n1 _h little 9 common ) ! movem5t :i* n[ be>s ! ,bapti/ "n4 ,! actions ( ! fanatics "u ,mnz] h be5 cit$ s9ce ,williams' day z an argum5t aga9/ 8 pr9ciples4 ,mnz]1 :o 8nev] submitt$ to1 nor adm9i/]$ rebaptism1 :o p]si/$ 9 baptiz+ infants1 & :o s\ght to set up ! k+dom ( ,*ri/ by c>nal w>f>e1 0 n correctly class$40 ,cornelius1 ,roman ,ca?olic hi/orian ( ! ,mnz] upris+1 %[s t ! ,anabapti/s repudiat$ ! actions ( ?is fanatic4 ,! only crime ( :i* !y 7! ,bapti/s7 7 accus$ z a body by _! contempor>ies1 & :i* is sub/antiat$ by evid5ce1 ! crime = :i* !y 7 inhumanly p]secut$ by ,ca?olics & ,prote/ants alike1 & = :i* !y w5t *e]fully & 9 l>ge numb]s to dea? by dr[n+ or ! /ake1 0 ! crime ( advocat+ s\l-lib]ty4 ,!y claim$ ! "r to int]pret ! ,scriptures = !mselves4 ,!y dem&$ fre$om ( fai? & wor%ip = all m54 ,!y appreh5d$ ! sublime doctr9e ( civil & religi\s lib]ty1 & !y 7 ! only m5 :o did appreh5d x4 ,mo/ ( ! cre$s & confessions ( ! ,re=mation gave to ! magi/rate a co]cive p[] 9 religion1 & includ$ a curse = ! despis$ ,bapti/s4 ,lu!r1 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( 8 ,re=mation "w1 said3 ,no "o c comm& or ought to comm& ! s\l except ,god1 :o alone c %[ x ! way to heav54 ,x is futile & impossible to comm&1 or by =ce to compel any man's belief4 ,h]esy is a spiritual ?+1 :i* no iron c hew d[n1 no fire burn1 no wat] dr[n444 ,:5ev] ! temporal p[] presumes to legislate = ! s\l1 x encroa*es4 ,lu!r1 :5 he 0 successful1 turn$ 8 back ^u ?is noble utt]ance & compromis$ ) error4 ,he /opp$ %ort ( full victory & fail$ to secure ! 8full spl5dor ( a complete triumph40 ,he wrote diff]5tly 9 aft] days3 ,s9ce x is n good t 9 "o p>i% ! p %\ld be expos$ to contradictory prea*+1 he 7! magi/rate7 %\ld ord] to be sil5t :atev] does n consi/ ) ! ,scriptures4 ,?us ! civil rul] 0 made ! f9al judge ( tru? & giv5 p[] to suppress :at he w\ld condemn4 ,?is 0 a case ( tyranny *ang+ h&s4 ,lu!r wrote to ,m5ius & ,myconius 9 #aecj3 ,i am pleas$ t y int5d to publi% a book aga9/ ! ,anabapti/s z soon z possible4 ,s9ce !y are n only blasphem\s b also s$iti\s m51 let ! sword ex]cise its rights ov] !m1 = x is ! w ( ,god1 t he %all h judgm5t :o resi/e? ! p[]4 ,melan*?on1 9 a lett] to ! ,diet at ,hamburg1 9 #aecg1 advis$ dea? by ! sword to all :o pr(ess$ ,anabapti/ views4 ,zw+li1 ! ,swiss ,re=m]1 ^: /atue 9 ,zuri* pictures him ) a ,bible 9 8 "r h& & a sword 9 8 left1 also p]secut$ ! ,bapti/s4 ,on ,janu>y #e1 #aebg1 ,felix ,mantz became ! fir/ ,swiss ,anabapti/ m>tyr by dr[n+ at ,zuri*4 ,?is 0 a hide\s p>ody ( 8 belief 9 believ]s' baptism by imm]sion4 ,he9ri* ,bull+]1 9 8 book aga9/ ! ,anabapti/s1 specifies ?irte5 di/9ct sects among ! ,anabapti/s4 ,he m5tions tw5ty-five po9ts ( agreem5t among !m1 includ+ ! foll[+3 ,t secul> au?ority has no conc]n ) religi\s belief2 t ! ,*ri/ian resi/s no evil & !re=e ne$s no law-c\rts2 nor %\ld ev] make use ( ! tribunals2 t ,*ri/ians d n kill or puni% ) imprisonm5t or ! sword1 b only ) exclusion f ! body ( believ]s2 t no man %\ld be compell$ by =ce to believe1 nor %\ld any be sla9 on acc\nt ( 8 fai?2 t ,*ri/ians d n resi/1 & h5ce d n g to w>2 t ,*ri/ians may n swe>2 t all oa?s are s9ful2 t infant baptism is ( ! pope & devil2 t rebaptism1 or bett]1 adult baptism1 is ! only true ,*ri/ian baptism4 ,9 #aebg1 ! ,swiss ,anabapti/s issu$ a confession ( fai? at ,s*affhaus54 ,its writ] 0 ,mi*ael ,sattl]1 an ex-monk :o 0 m>tyr$ t same ye>4 ,x 0 ! fir/ confession 89 :i* ,*ri/ian m5 claim$ absolute religi\s fre$om = !mselves1 & gu>ante$ absolute religi\s fre$om to o!rs40 ,?is ,bapti/ movem5t 0 ! t>get ( ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic p]secution alike & its brave1 spiritual m5 & wom5 7 driv5 to ! m>tyr's cr[n or to exile4 ,_m fl$ to ,holl&4 ,! tor* ( tru?1 ! advanc$ ideas :i* !y _h receiv$ f ! ,wald5sians & o!r pre-,re=mation movem5ts1 7 h&$ ov] to ! ,anabapti/s ( ,holl&4 ,^! increas$ 9 numb] rapidly "u ! tol]ation af=d$ !m 9 t c\ntry4 ,m5no ,simons1 a ,roman prie/1 set to ?9k+ by ! m>tyrdoms ab\t him1 esp\s$ _! cause & doctr9es4 ,baptiz$ at ! age ( =ty-f\r1 he fl$ to ,holl&1 :]e he became ! lead] ( a ho/1 :i* aft]w>d bore 8 "n1 be+ call$ ,m5nonites4 ,*>les ,v p]secut$ ^! ,bapti/s1 & fully fifty ?\s& 7 m>tyr$4 ,!y 7 n ext]m9at$1 h[ev]1 = ,god1 z 9 o!r days1 pres]v$ a remnant to pass ! tor* ( religi\s lib]ty on to o!rs4 ,illu/ration3 ,bell ( ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*1 ,provid5ce ,bapti/ refugees f ,holl& cross$ ov] to ,engl&4 ,h5ry ,,viii1 :5 he made himself head ( ! ,*ur*1 ord]$ _! arre/ & bani%m5t f ! k+dom1 8on pa9 to suff] dea?1 if !y abide1 & be appreh5d$ & tak540 ,! fires ( ,smi?field & ! inquisition ( ! ,prote/ants c\ld n cru% ?is movem5t de/9$ ( ,god1 at a lat] date1 to *ange ! _w4 ,consid]$ an obnoxi\s sect 9 ! reigns ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 ,m>y1 & ,elizabe?1 !y c>ri$ on _! meet+s secretly4 ,!y 7 an indu/ri\s class ( skill$ me*anics & introduc$ into ,engl& t :i* aft]w>d gave t nation its comm]cial & manufactur+ supremacy4 ,! ,engli% pass$ a law t ea* =eign workman %\ld take & tra9 "o ,engli% appr5tice4 ,z a result1 fifty ?\s& ,engli% lads 7 tra9$1 n only me*anically1 b also 9 ! pr9ciples ( ^! ,dut* ,anabapti/s4 ,?is spiritual tra9+ l$ to ! ,puritan revolution 9 ,engl& & to ! great] movem5t across ! seas4 ,ea* ( ^! ,dut* ,bapti/ *ur*es 0 a republic 9 itself1 indep5d5t ) its popul>ly elect$ (fic]s1 deacons1 & eld]s4 ,!y held1 z a c>d9al doctr9e1 ! sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate4 ,f ! sections 9 :i* ^! ,dut* ,anabapti/s liv$ came fully fifty p] c5t ( ! e>ly coloni/s to ! ,new ,_w4 ,f\rte5 ,engli% t[ns1 9 :i* !y =m$ a l>ge proportion ( ! population1 are duplicat$ by ,new ,engl& t[ns ( ! same "n4 ,f ! same di/rict ,cromwell recruit$ 8 inv9cible ,ironsides4 ,back ( all t 0 good & noble 9 ! settlem5ts at ,plym\? & ,bo/on & 9 ,connecticut 0 ! leav5 ( ! ,dut* ,bapti/s 9 t "p ( ,engl& f :i* ^! e>ly coloni/s came4 ,rob]t ,br[ne1 :o is ! reput$ f\nd] ( ,engli% ,congregationalism1 advocat$ 8 peculi> views aft] dwell+ = "s "t 9 a ,dut* ,anabapti/ community4 ,"h he promulgat$ 8 ideas4 ,a "p ( 8 congregation fl$ to ,middleburg1 a ,bapti/ /ronghold4 ,aft] two ye>s he qu>rel$ ) ^! folks & return$ to ,engl&1 :]e he became reconcil$ to ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* & = =ty ye>s aft]w>d adm9i/]$ to an ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* p>i%4 ,! ,bapti/ pr9ciple1 h[ev]1 _h be5 /amp$ ^u ! few ye>s ( 8 m9i/ry :5 he />t$ a new ord]4 ,at ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury mo/ ( ! ,anabapti/s 9 ,engl& 7 ,dut*4 ,sl[ly1 h[ev]1 ,engli% ,bapti/s 7 com+ into exi/5ce1 & !y soon =m$ !mselves into small gr\ps4 ,br[ne did n g s f> z ! ,bapti/s1 b 9 *ur* gov]nm5t he took _! ,new ,te/am5t position4 ,z f> z is kn[n1 ! fir/ def9ite ,engli% ,bapti/ *ur* 0 organiz$ 9 ,london 9 #afaa1 ) ,?omas ,helwys z pa/or4 ,! memb]s _h be5 exiles 9 ,holl& & 7 baptiz$ !re by ,rev4 ,john ,smi?1 ! fam\s ,se-,bapti/1 =m]ly a ,*ur* ( ,engl& cl]gyman4 ,?is ,engli% ,bapti/ *ur* =mulat$ a confession :i* conta9s ! fir/ decl>ation ( fai? to include1 z ! tea*+ ( ,*ri/1 ! absolute sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate4 ,! magi/rate by virtue ( 8 (fice1 is n to m$dle ) religion or matt]s ( consci5ce1 nor to compel m5 to ?is or t =m ( religion or doctr9e2 b to leave ! ,*ri/ian religion free to e man's consci5ce4 ,pr(4 ,mason says3 ,x 01 9 %ort1 f _! little d+y meet+-h\se1 some:]e 9 old ,london1 t !re fla%$ out1 fir/ 9 ,engl&1 ! absolute doctr9e ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,^! ( :om m5tion has j be5 made1 7 call$ ,g5]al ,bapti/s4 ,9 #afdd1 ! ,p>ticul> ,bapti/s issu$ a confession1 equally explicit & cle>4 ,religi\s lib]ty to !m 0 ! "r1 & good citiz5%ip ! duty1 ( e ,*ri/ian man4 ,_! hi/oric confession1 a confession ( sev5 associat$ *ur*es1 0 ! fir/ decl>ation1 9 ,engl& or 9 ,*ri/5dom1 by a body ( associat$ *ur*es on ! "q ( absolute religi\s lib]ty4 ,_m ( ^! ,bapti/s 7 imprison$4 ,_m d5om9ations :i* today favor religi\s lib]ty1 7 oppos$ to x 9 ^? days ( ,bapti/ p]secution4 ,= example1 ! ,presbyt]ian m9i/]s ( ,lanca%ire decl>$1 8,a tol]ation w\ld be putt+ a sword 9 a madman's h&s1 a cup ( poison into ! h& ( a *ild1 a lett+ loose ( madm5 ) firebr&s 9 _! h&s1 etc40 ,! ,presbyt]ians1 !n1 w\ld gladly h be5 a national *ur*4 ,! ,puritans ( ! ,bay ,colony _h no high] ?\ght ?an a !ocracy = !mselves4 ,to insure uni=mity ( wor%ip 9 _! colony !y resort$ to :ipp+s1 bani%m5ts1 f9es1 & hang+s4 ,! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs 7 f>!r advanc$1 b hi/orians fail to f9d t !y _h a high] ideal ?an to secure a fre$om to wor%ip ,god = !mselves4 ,!y c]ta9ly nev] dream$ ( ext5d+ an equal fre$om to all :o diff]$ f !m 9 religi\s op9ions4 ,john ,rob9son1 ! r5[n$ pa/or ( ! ,pilgrims1 def5d$ e>ne/ly ! use ( ! magi/rate's p[] 8to puni% religi\s actions1 he 7! magi/rate7 be+ ! pres]v] ( bo? tables1 & s to puni% all brea*es ( bo?40 ,by ,prote/ants1 ) ! exception ( ! ,bapti/s1 full religi\s tol]ation & lib]ty 0 fe>$ & hat$4 ,! mo/ advanc$ 7 f> f ! ,bapti/ position4 ,?is expla9s ! bitt]ness ( ! p]secution aga9/ ,rog] ,williams & ! ,bapti/s4 ,9 fact1 ,rog] ,williams 0 s f> 9 advance ( 8 age1 & t 9 common ) ! noble ho/ ( m>tyr$ ,bapti/s1 t he seem$ dw>f$ 9 ! di/ance4 ,! future ev5 m ?an ! pres5t "t w enable u to value 8 & _! wor?4 ,,iv ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,,at ,,home ,,9 ,a ,,commonweal? ,x is 8 unique title to preem95ce & fame t he 0 ! fir/ to f\nd an absolutely free *ur* 9 an absolutely free ,/ate1 & ,rhode ,isl& & ,provid5ce ,plantations rema9 a monum5t ( 8 sagacity & d>+ & p5etration1 a c5t] f :i* ! light ( s\l-lib]ty has radiat$ f> & wide till x has flood$ a :ole cont95t1 & %9es ) conc5trat$ spl5dor 9 ! con/ellation ( ,/ates :i* n[ =m ! great ,we/]n ,republic4--,j4 ,gregory1 a ,briti% writ] on ,puritanism4 ,aga9/ ! somb] backgr\nd ( e>ly ,new ,engl&1 two figures /& above ! re/--,john ,w9?rop & ,rog] ,williams4 ,! fir/--a/ute1 reaction>y1 /]n--repres5t$ ,moses & ! law4 ,! second--spontane\s1 adaptable1 =giv+--repres5t$ ,*ri/ & ! individual4 ,x is ne$less to say ) :i* lay ! promise & ! dawn4--,i4 ,b4 ,ri*man4 ,he 0 ! fir/ man 9 mod]n ,*ri/5dom to e/abli% civil gov]nm5t on ! doctr9e ( ! lib]ty ( consci5ce1 ! equality ( op9ions be=e ! law1 & 9 its def5ce he 0 ! h>b+] ( ,milton1 ! precursor & ! sup]ior ( ,j]emy ,taylor4444 ,let !n ! "n ( ,rog] ,williams be pres]v$ 9 univ]sal hi/ory z "o :o advanc$ moral & political sci5ce1 & made himself a b5efactor ( 8 race4--,george ,bancr(t1 9 8,hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates40 ,9 ! sev5te5? c5tury !re 0 no place b ! wild]ness = su* a ,john ! ,bapti/ ( ! di/ant future z ,rog] ,williams4 ,he did n belong among ! diplomatic build]s ( *ur*es1 l ,cotton1 or ! political f\nd]s ( ,/ates1 l ,w9?rop4 ,he 0 b a babbl] to 8 own "t1 b ! prophetic voice r+s cle> & f>1 & ev] cle>] z ! ages g on4--,edw>d ,eggle/on1 9 8,! ,beg9n]s ( a ,nation40 ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,,at ,,home ,,9 ,a ,,commonweal? ,portsm\?1 ,newport1 & ,rhode ,isl&1 ) common int]e/s & ideals1 7 protect$ & ?rove "u ! orig9al *>t] grant$ 9 #afdd4 ,*>les ,i 0 surr5d]$ to ! ,p>liam5t>y =ces 9 ,janu>y1 #afdg4 ,! colony1 !re=e1 felt /rong to act "u ! ,p>liam5t>y *>t] grant$ !m4 ,a g5]al assembly ( ! p 0 call$1 & ! *>t] 0 adopt$4 ,%awomet1 settl$ by ! ,gortoni/s1 _h also receiv$ a *>t] f ! same s\rce &1 9 honor ( ,w>wick1 _! protector1 !y *ang$ ! "n ( _! t[n to ,w>wick4 ,!y 7 admitt$ also to ! ,g5]al ,assembly4 ,! fir/ meet+ ( ! ,assembly decl>$ t ! =m ( gov]nm5t 9 ,provid5ce ,plantations 0 8democratical10 t is to say1 8gov]nm5t held by ! free & volunt>y cons5t ( all or ( ! great] "p ( ! free inhabitants40 ,! seal ( ! colony 0 an an*or4 ,! executive bran* ( ! gov]nm5t 0 ve/$ 9 a presid5t ( ! colony & f\r assi/ants1 "o f ea* t[n4 ,^! (fic]s1 elect$ by ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 _h no "p 9 legislation4 ,! ,assembly at t "t 0 n compos$ ( delegates1 b includ$ all ! freem5 ( ! colony4 ,ea* t[n _h a c\rt ( commission]s compos$ ( six memb]s4 ,^! f\r t[n c\rts comb9$ became a ,g5]al ,c\rt ( ,trials1 hav+ to d ) ! weighti] (f5ses1 & also act$ z a ,c\rt ( ,appeals f ! t[n c\rts4 ,!re 0 also a g5]al treasur]1 a g5]al record]1 a g5]al s]geant1 & lat] a g5]al solicitor4 ,a code ( laws 0 drawn up4 ,"o1 ! ,/atute ( ,ar*]y1 %[s ! isolation ( ?is colony4 ,x requir$ t e man betwe5 sev5te5 & sev5ty %\ld keep a b[ & f\r arr[s4 ,fa!rs %\ld furni% ea* ( _! sons1 betwe5 ! ages ( sev5 & sev5te51 ) 8a b[1 two arr[s1 & a %aft1 & to br+ !m up to %oot+40 ,?is 0 done because ! colony c\ld n get gunp[d] = fire>ms1 s9ce ! o!r colonies refus$ to sell !m any1 or all[ x to be export$ ?r\gh _! po/s to !m4 ,illu/ration ,! ,f\r? ,pap]1 ,pres5t$ by ,maior ,butl]1 ,to ! ,hon\rable ,committee ( ,p>liam5t1 = ! ,propagat+ ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/ ,,jesus4 ,v,vhich ,pap] 0 humbly own$1 & 01 & is att5d$ to be made good ,major ,butl]4 ,mr4 ,jackson4 ,by ,mr4 ,*>les ,vane4 ,mr4 ,v,vall4 ,& ,col4 ,danv]s4 ,mr4 ,turn]4 ,,also ,a ,lett] f ,mr4 ,goad1 to ,major ,,butl]1 ^u occasion ( ! said ,,pap] & ,,proposals4 ,toge!r ) ,a ,te/imony to ! said f\r? ,pap]1 ,by way or ,explanation ^u ! f\r ,,proposals ( x4 ,,by ,r4 ,w4 ,unto :i* is subjoyn$ ! ,fifte5 ,proposals ( ! ,,m9i/]s4 ,london1 ,pr9t$ = ,giles ,calv]t1 at ! ,black-spr$-,eagle at ! ,we/-end ( ,pauls4 ,m ,,dc ,,lii4 ,,rog] ,,williams' ,,second ,,visit ,,to ,,engl& ,! ambiti\s designs ( ,codd+ton 9 seek+ to divide ! colony 7 su* t ,williams & ,cl>ke 7 oblig$ to g to ,engl& 9 #afea4 ,codd+ton _h secur$ a *>t] mak+ him gov]nor = life ( ,rhode ,isl&1 !n ! ri*e/ portion ( ! ,/ate4 ,williams & ,cl>ke 9 #afeb secur$ an ord]-9-c\ncil nullify+ ,codd+ton's commission4 ,williams rema9$ 9 ,engl& until ! summ] ( #afed & labor$ !re = ! int]e/s ( ! colony & also = ! g5]al b5efit ( all oppress$ p1 includ+ ! ,jews4 ,9 8 appeal to ! ,p>liam5t1 f\nd z a comm5t 9 ! tract entitl$ 8,butl]'s ,f\r? ,pap]10 an orig9al copy ( :i* is 9 ! ,john ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y1 at ,provid5ce1 he says3 ,oh1 t x w\ld please ! ,fa!r ( ,spirits to affect ! he>t ( ,p>liam5t ) su* a m]ciful s5se ( ! ,s\l-,b>s & ,yokes :i* our fa!rs h laid ^u ! neck ( ?is nation1 & at la/ to proclaim a true & absolute ,s\l-,fre$om to all ! p ( ! l& imp>tially1 s t no p]son be =c$ to pray nor pay1 o!rwise ?an z 8 ,s\l believe? & cons5te?4 ,he plead especially t p]mission be grant$ ! ,jews 8to live freely & peaceably among/ !m40 ,he 0 on intimate t]ms ) ,milton1 to :om he read & f :om he receiv$ in/ruction 9 c]ta9 languages4 ,he also 0 associat$ ) ,sir ,h5ry ,vane4 ,return+ to 8 colony 9 #afed1 he at once ex]cis$ 8 influ5ce 9 smoo?+ out its _m & v>i$ difficulties4 ,dur+ ?is second visit to ,engl& he issu$ ?ree publications4 ,john ,cotton _h writt5 a reply to ! 8,bloody ,t55t10 publi%+ x 9 ,london1 9 #afdg4 ,x _h ! foll[+ title3 ,! ,bl\dy ,t55t1 wa%$1 & made :ite 9 ! bl\d ( ! ,lambe3 be+ discuss$ & dis*>g$ ( bl\d-guilt9esse by j ,def5ce4 ,rog] ,williams 9 #afeb pr9t$ 8 rejo9d] to ,cotton's book4 ,its title is descriptive ( its cont5ts3 ,! ,bloody ,t55t yet ,m ,bloody3 by ,mr ,cottons endev\r to wa% x :ite 9 ! ,blood ( ! ,lambe2 ( ^: preci\s ,blood1 spilt 9 ! ,blood ( 8 ,s]vants2 & ( ! blood ( ,millions spilt 9 =m] & lat] ,w>s = ,consci5ce sake1 t ,mo/ ,bloody ,t55t ( ,p]secution = cause ( ,consci5ce1 ^u a second ,tryal1 is f\nd n[ m app>5tly & m notori\sly guilty1 etc41 etc4 ,by ,r4 ,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,london1 ,pr9t$ = ,giles ,calv]t1 & are to be sold at ! black-spread-,eagle1 at ! ,we/-end ( ,pauls1 #afeb4 ,x is a small qu>to ( ?ree hundr$ & sev5ty-?ree pages4 ,two copies are 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 "o1 a pres5tation copy f ,williams to 8 fri5d1 ,dr4 ,john ,cl>ke1 ( ,newport4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,bl\dy ,,t55t1 ,,wa%$1 ,& made :ite 9 ! bl\d ( ! ,lambe3 be+ discuss$ & dis*>g$ ( bl\d-guilt9esse by j ,def5ce4 ,,:]e9 ,! great ,que/ions ( ?is pres5t "t are h&l$1 viz4 ,h[ f>re ,lib]ty ( ,consci5ce ought to be giv5 to ^? t truly fe>e ,god8 ,& h[ f>re re/ra9$ to turbul5t & pe/il5t p]sons1 t n onely raze ! f\ndation ( ,godl9esse1 b di/urb ! ,civill ,peace :]e !y live8 ,also h[ f>re ! ,magi/rate may proce$ 9 ! duties ( ! fir/ ,table8 ,& t all ,magi/rates ought to /udy ! ^w & w ( ,god1 t !y may frame _! ,gov]nm5t accord+ to x4 ,,discuss$4 ,z !y are all$g$ f div]s ,scriptures1 out ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t4 ,:]e9 also ! practise ( ,pr9ces is debat$1 toge!r ) ! ,judgem5t ( ,anci5t & late ,writ]s ( mo/ preci\s e/eeme4 ,:]eunto is add$ a ,reply to ,mr4 ,,williams ,answ]1 to ,mr4 ,,cottons ,lett]4 ,,by ,,john ,,cotton ,bat*elor 9 ,div9ity1 & ,tea*] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ at ,bo/on 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,,london1 ,pr9t$ by ,mat!w ,symmons = ,hannah ,all51 at ! ,cr[ne 9 ,popes-,head-,alley4 #afdg4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,bloody ,,t55t ,,yet ,m ,bloody3 ,,by ,mr ,cottons endev\r to wa% x :ite 9 ! ,,blood ( ! ,,lambe2 ,( ^: preci\s ,blood1 spilt 9 ! ,blood ( 8 ,s]vants2 & ,( ! blood ( ,millions spilt 9 =m] & lat] ,w>s = ,consci5ce sake1 ,,t ,mo/ ,bloody ,t55t ( ,p]secution = cause ( ,consci5ce1 ^u a second ,tryal1 is f\nd n[ m app>5tly & m notori\sly guilty4 ,9 ?is ,rejoynd] to ,mr ,cotton1 are pr9cipally ,i4 ,! ,nature ( ,p]secution1 ,exam9$2 ,,ii4 ,! ,p[] ( ! ,civill ,sword 9 ,spirituals ,,iii4 ,! ,p>liam5ts p]mission ( ,ju/ifi$4 ,diss5t+ ,consci5ces ,also 7z a ,te/imony to ,m ,cl>ks ,n>rative7 is add$ a ,lett] to ,mr ,endicot ,gov]nor ( ! ,massa*usets 9 ,n4 ,e4 ,by ,r4 ,,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,london1 ,pr9t$ = ,giles ,calv]t1 & are to be sold at ! black-spread-,eagle at ! ,we/-end ( ,pauls1 #afeb4 ,rog] ,williams publi%$ 8 fif? "w 9 #afeb4 ,x 0 a pamphlet ( =ty-f\r small qu>to pages1 entitl$3 ,! ,hirel+ ,m9i/ry ,none ( ,*ri/s1 or ,a ,disc\rse t\*+ ! ,propagat+ ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/ ,jesus4 ,humbly ,pres5t$ to su* ,pi\s & ,hon\rable ,h&s1 :om ! pres5t ,debate !re( conc]ns4 ,by ,rog] ,williams1 ( ,provid5ce1 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,london ,pr9t$ 9 ! second ,mone?1 #afeb4 ,! purpose ( ?is "w 0 to oppose a legal e/abli%m5t ( religion1 & ! compulsory support ( ! cl]gy4 ,an orig9al copy is 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 two copies are 9 ! ,am]ican ,antiqu>ian ,society ,libr>y at ,worce/]1 & "o 9 ! ,john ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y1 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,! same ye> he issu$ a pamphlet entitl$3 ,exp]im5ts ( ,spiritual ,life ,heal?1 ,& _! ,pres]vatives1 ,9 :i* ! weake/ ,*ild ( ,god may get ,assurance ( 8 ,spirituall ,life & ,bless$nesse1 & ! ,/ronge/ may f9de proportionable ,discov]ies ( 8 ,*ri/ian ,gr[?1 & ! means ( x4 ,by ,rog] ,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,london1 ,pr9t$1 9 ! ,second ,mon?1 #afeb4 ,?is book is 9 ! =m ( a lett] address$ to 8 wife1 ^u h] recov]y f a dang]\s sickness4 ,a limit$ edition 0 publi%$1 compris+ sixty small qu>to pages4 ,= ye>s no orig9al copy has be5 f\nd4 ,!re is an orig9al copy n[ 9 ! ,john ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y at ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,illu/ration ,! ,hirel+ ,m9i/ry ,none ( ,,*ri/s1 ,,or ,a ,disc\rse t\*+ ! ,propagat+ ! ,gospel ( ,,*ri/ ,,jesus4 ,humbly ,pres5t$ to su* ,pi\s & ,hon\rable ,h&s1 :om ! pres5t ,debate !re( conc]ns4 ,by ,,rog] ,,williams1 ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,london ,pr9t$ 9 ! second ,mone?1 #afeb4 ,illu/ration ,,exp]im5ts ,,( ,spiritual ,life ,heal?1 ,& _! ,,pres]vatives ,9 :i* ! ,weake/ ,*ild ( ,god may get ,assurance ( 8 ,spirituall ,life & ,bless$nesse ,& ! ,/ronge/ may f9de proportionable ,discov]ies ( 8 ,*ri/ian ,gr[?1 & ! means ( x4 ,by ,rog] ,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,illu/ration ,london1 ,pr9t$1 9 ! ,second ,mon?1 #afeb4 ,f "t to "t local difficulties arose 9 ! v>i\s t[ns4 ,ambiti\s m51 seek+ _! p]sonal welf>e1 r ?an ! public weal1 di/urb$ ! s]5ity ( ! colony4 ,c]ta9 settl]s at ,pawtuxet s\ght to be "p ( ! ,bay ,colony2 ,codd+ton1 at ,newport1 desir$ to be gov]nor = life ( ! ,isl&s ( ,rhode ,isl& & ,conanicut4 ,two rival assemblies 7 organiz$ at ,newport & ,provid5ce4 ,rog] ,williams us$ 8 influ5ce & greatly help$ to solve ! vex+ problems4 ,a new colony1 ) a new & revolution>y ideal1 0 be+ born1 & ! bir?-?roes 7 great1 ow+ to ! fact t !y 7 pione]s 9 ?is "w ( build+ a democracy4 ,!y _h no illu/ri\s prec$5t to foll[4 ,x is a m>vel t _! difficulties 7 n m & great]4 ,9 #afef1 ! ,unit$ ,colonies urg$ ! ,provid5ce ,colony to bani% all ,quak]s f _! realm4 ,!y repli$ t 8,,fre$om ( ,consci5ce is ! gr\nd ( our *>t]1 & x %all be ma9ta9$40 ,9 #afeh1 ! ,unit$ ,colonies ?reat5$ ! ,provid5ce ,colony ) exclusion f all int]c\rse or trade ) all ! re/ ( ! colonies1 if !y did n bani% ! ,quak]s4 ,mean:ile ! ,bay ,colony 0 unrel5t+ 9 its p]secution ( ! ,quak]s4 ,"s 7 bani%$1 & a few 7 put to dea?4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #afeh1 ,cromwell di$4 ,8 son ,ri*>d succe$$ him1 & aft] a %ort "t retir$4 ,*>les ,,ii asc5d$ ! ,engli% ?rone 9 ,june1 #affj4 ,imm$iately all acts ( ! ,p>liam5t "u ,cromwell 7 repeal$1 & ,provid5ce ,plantations lo/ its *>t]4 ,! ,massa*usetts ,bay & ,connecticut colonies imm$iately ass]t$ anew _! claims = ! t]ritory ab\t ! ,n>ragansett ,bay4 ,dr4 ,john ,cl>ke1 ( ,newport1 0 9 ,engl& repres5t+ ! claims ( ! ,provid5ce ,colony1 &1 9 #affc1 secur$ = x a new royal *>t]4 ,! old ,colony ( ,provid5ce ,plantations ceas$ to exi/4 ,! new colony 0 call$ 8,rhode ,isl& & ,provid5ce ,plantations40 ,! *>t] def9$ ! b\nds ( ! colony1 gave x fre$om 9 all religi\s matt]s1 a sy/em ( gov]nm5t1 a p[] to organize c\rts & to en=ce _! decisions1 p[] to raise a /&+ army ( def5se1 & o!r ess5tial ?+s4 ,! new seal ( ! colony 0 8,rhode ,isl& & ,provid5ce ,plantations0 ) an an*or & ! ^w1 8,hope10 above x4 ,illu/ration ,george ,fox ,digg'd out ( 8 ,burrovves1 ,or an ,(f] ( ,,disputation ,on f\rte5 ,proposalls made ?is la/ ,summ] #afgb 7s call'd7 unto ,g4 ,fox !n pres5t on ,rode-,isl& 9 ,new-,engl&1 by ,r4,w4 ,z also h[ 7,g4 ,fox slily dep>t+7 ! ,disputation w5t on be+ manag$ ?ree dayes at ,newport on ,rode-,isl&1 & "o day at ,provid5ce1 betwe5 ,john ,/ubs1 ,john ,burnet1 & ,william ,edmundson on ! "o "p1 & ,r4,w4 on ! o!r4 ,9 :i* _m ,quotations out ( ,g4 ,fox ,ed4 ,b>r[es ,book 9 ,folio are alleadg$4 ,,) ,,an ,,ap5dix ,( "s scores ( ,g4 ,f4 8 simple lame ,answ]s to 8 ,opposites 9 t ,book1 quot$ & reply$ to ,by ,r4 ,w4 ( ,provid5ce 9 ,n4,e4 ,rog] ,williams ,,bo/on ,pr9t$ by ,john ,fo/]1 #afgf4 ,illu/ration3 ,models ( ,indian ,village 9 ,rog] ,williams ,p>k ,museum ,c\rtesy ( 8,provid5ce ,magaz9e0 ,! ,model ( a ,s\!rn ,new ,engl& ,indian ,village ,oval ,h\se ( ,bir* ,b>k & ,mats ,corn-field ,wom5 ,smok+ ,fi% ,r\nd ,h\se ( ,grass ,long ,c\ncil ,*amb] ,mak+ a ,long ,h\se ,indian ,m5 ,fe$+ ,dogs ,rog] ,williams protect$ ! ,quak]s by grant+ !m 9 8 colony a %elt] f p]secutions4 ,h[ev]1 he 0 nev] fri5dly to _! peculi> t5ets & assail$ !m 9 debates & pamphlets4 ,:5 ,george ,fox1 _! f\nd]1 0 9 ,am]ica 9 #afgb1 ,williams *all5g$ him to a debate4 ,a delay 9 gett+ ! *all5ge to ,fox1 :o _h sail$ = ,engl&1 did n leave ! debate unaccept$4 ,?ree ,rhode ,isl& ,quak]s und]took ! task4 ,rog] ,williams r[$ ! ?irty miles to ,newport & = ?ree days debat$ ) all ! *>act]i/ic bitt]ness ( debates ( t p]iod4 ,!y adj\rn$ to complete ! debate at ,provid5ce4 ,williams is se5 9 ! wor/ light "h & has be5 greatly criticiz$ = ! /rong language he us$ 9 oppos+ ^! ,quak]s4 ,we %\ld nev] =get t ! ,puritans w5t f> beyond /rong language1 9 p]secut+ "s to dea? & 9 exil+ o!rs4 ,bo? sides claim$ a victory 9 ! debate1 :i* 0 p]petuat$ 9 pamphlets1 issu$ at its completion4 ,williams wrote "o1 entitl$1 8,george ,fox ,digg'd out ( 8 ,burr[es40 ,fox repli$ ) "o1 entitl$1 8,a ,new-,engl& ,fire-,br& ,qu5*$40 ,fox's book is a qu>to ( #dhi pages4 ,williams' book1 a small qu>to ( #cbg pages1 0 pr9t$ 9 ,bo/on1 #afgf4 ,! only orig9al copy kn[n to exi/ is ! "o 9 ! ,libr>y ( ,h>v>d ,college4 ,rog] ,williams wrote _m lett]s1 ! orig9als ( :i* 7 widely scatt]$4 ,_m ( ^! h be5 collect$ & pr9t$ 9 a volume by ! ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society4 ,9 "o ( ^! lett]s1 to ,gov]nor ,brad=d1 ( ,bo/on1 he ref]s to a collection ( disc\rses :i* he _h r$uc$ to writ+4 ,^! s]mons1 ) treatises writt5 prior to 8 bani%m5t1 are probably lo/ =ev]4 ,,k+ ,,philip',s ,,w> ,canonicus di$1 ,june #d1 #afdg4 ,massasoit di$ 9 #affj1 leav+ two sons1 ,wamsutta & ,metacon1 or z !y 7 nicknam$ by ! ,engli%1 ,alex&] & ,philip4 ,! =m] succe$$ 8 fa!r4 ,on a return f ,plym\? ,alex&] di$ sudd5ly1 & ,philip suspect$ t he 0 poison$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 n ! fact4 ,! ,n>ragansetts _h n =gott5 ! dea? or murd] ( ,miantonomo1 & ! ,indians g5]ally felt t ! ,engli% 7 gradually cr[d+ !m out ( _! own doma9s4 ,philip took advantage ( ?is feel+ & organiz$ a w> :i* _h = its object ! complete ext]m9ation ( all ! ,engli% settlem5ts4 ,?is w>1 op5+ 9 ,plym\?1 #afge1 la/$ m ?an a ye>4 ,twelve out ( ! n9ety ,new ,engl& t[ns 7 completely de/roy$ & =ty o!rs 7 ! sc5e ( fire & slaught]4 ,a ?\s& /rong m5 lo/ _! lives 9 addition to a l>ge numb] ( helpless wom5 & *ildr5 :o 7 tomahawk$4 ,rhode ,isl&1 = ! fir/ "t1 0 expos$ to ! ho/ile attacks ( ! ,indians4 ,_m ( ! inhabitants1 fe>+ ! imp5d+ disa/]1 _h jo9$ ! army ( attack aga9/ ! ,indians4 ,9 retaliation = ?is1 ,provid5ce 0 attack$1 & tw5ty-n9e h\ses 7 burn$4 ,"o ( !m conta9$ ! t[n records1 "p ( :i* 7 sav$ by be+ ?r[n into a pond1 f :i* !y 7 aft]w>d recov]$4 ,:5 ! ,indians appe>$ on ! heights above ,provid5ce1 ,rog] ,williams1 un>m$1 w5t out to c\nsel ) !m4 ,he urg$ !m to /op ! w>f>e1 tell+ !m t ! ,engli% k+ w\ld come to ! assi/ance ( ! coloni/s &1 ) great] numb]s1 ov]p[] ! ,indians4 ,!y repli$3 ,let !m come1 we are ready = !m4 ,b z = y1 ,bro!r ,williams1 y are a good man1 y h be5 k9d to u _m ye>s1 n a hair ( y\r head %all be t\*$4 ,he return$ to a h\se :i* _h be5 conv]t$ into a =t4 ,x 0 n t\*$1 b ! t[n o!rwise 0 de/roy$4 ,mo/ ( ! citiz5s ( ! ma9l& fl$ to ,rhode ,isl& & ,newport4 ,! doom ( ! ,indians 0 s\nd$1 ! w> 0 put d[n1 & ! lead]s 7 captur$ or sla94 ,imm$iately aft] ! w> ! "w ( rebuild+ comm5c$4 ,h\ses 7 built l>g] & m sub/antially4 ,illu/ration ,a ,,new-,,engl&- ,fire-,br& ,qu5*$1 ,be+ an ,,answ] ,,unto ,a ,sl&]\s ,book1 ,entitul$2 ,,george ,,fox ,digg$ out ( 8 ,burr[s1 c4 ,pr9t$ at ,bo/on 9 ! ,ye> #afgf1 by ,rog] ,williams ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,:i* he ,d$icate? to ! ,,k+1 ) ,desires1 ,t1 if ! ,mo/-,high please1 ,old & ,new-,engl& may ,fl\ri%1 :5 ! ,pope ,mahomet1 ,rome ,con/ant9ople are 9 _! ,a%es4 ,( a ,,dispute ^u ,,xiv4 ( 8 ,proposals held & debat$ betwixt him1 ! said ,rog] ,williams1 on ! "o "p1 & ,john ,/ubs1 ,william ,edmundson & ,john ,burnyeat on ! o!r4 ,at ,provid5ce & ,newport 9 ,rode-,isl&1 9 ! ,ye> #afgb4 ,,9 :i* 8 ,cavils are ,refut$1 8 ,reflections ,reprov$4 ,9 ,two ,p>ts4 ,,z ,,also1 ,an ,,answ] to ,r4 ,w's ,,app5dix1 c4 ,,) ,a ,,po/-,,script ,confut+ 8 ,blasphem\s ,ass]tions1 viz4 ,( ! ,blood ( ,*ri/1 t 0 ,%$1 its be+ ,corruptible & ,corrupt$2 & t ,salvation 0 by a ,man1 t 0 ,corruptible1 c4 ,:]e-unto is add$ a ,,catalogue ( 8 ,rail]y1 ,lies1 ,scorn ,blasphemies3 ,& ,8 ,,temporiz+ ,,_s made manife/4 ,also1 ,! ,,lett]s ( ,w4 ,codd+ton ( ,rode-,isl&1 & ,r4 ,scot ( ,provid5ce 9 ,new-,engl& conc]n+ ,r4,w4 ,& ,la/ly1 ,"s ,,te/imonies ( ,anti5t ,mod]n ,au?ors conc]n+ ! ,,light1 ,,scriptures1 ,,rule 1 ! ,,s\l ( ,man4 ,by ,,george ,,fox & ,,john ,,burnyeat4 ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,ye> ,,mdc4 ,,lxxix4 ,illu/ration3 ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society ,museum ,illu/ration3 ,apple ,tree ,root f ! ,grave ( ,rog] ,williams ,illu/ration3 ,grave ( ,rog] ,williams ,rog] ,williams = _m ye>s _h a trad+-place1 :]e he did bus9ess ) ! ,indians4 ,?is /ore 0 ne> ! pres5t village ( ,wick=d4 ,8 pr(its1 he tells u1 7 five hundr$ doll>s a ye>4 ,! f\ndations ( ?is old build+ are /ill intact1 ) a new sup]/ructure ov] !m4 ,late 9 life he made mon?ly prea*+ visits to ?is place4 ,:5 too old to d ?is1 he plann$ ! publication ( 8 s]mons = ! natives4 ,rog] ,williams 0 ! orig9al mission>y to ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 ant$at+ ! illu/ri\s ,eliot by ?irte5 ye>s4 ,williams' ,indian ,bible is 9 ! ,john ,hay ,libr>y1 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,illu/ration3 ,new ,te/am5t ,title-page ( ,rog] ,williams' ,indian ,bible ,,wusku ,,wutte/am5tum ,,nullordumun ,,jesus ,,*ri/ ,nuppoquohwussua5eumun4 ,illu/ration ,,cambridge3 ,pr9t$ by ,samuel ,gre5 & ,m>maduke ,johnson1 ,,mdclxi4 ,illu/ration3 ,indian ,bible ,us$ by ,rog] ,williams1 ! ,pione] ,mission>y to ! ,am]ican ,indians ,,! ,,holy ,,bible3 ,,conta9+ ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,& ,,! ,,new4 ,translat$ into ! ,,indian ,,language ,,& ,ord]$ to be ,pr9t$ by ,commission]s ( ! ,unit$ ,colonies 9 ,,new-,,engl&1 ,at ! ,*>ge1 & ) ! ,cons5t ( ! ,,corporation ,,9 ,,engl& ,= ! ,propagation ( ! ,gospel among/ ! ,indians 9 ,new-,engl&4 ,,cambridge4 ,pr9t$ by ,samuel ,gre5 & ,m>maduke ,johnson4 ,,mdclxiii4 ,9 #afhc1 ,rog] ,williams di$4 ,all ! inhabitants ( ,provid5ce turn$ out to honor 8 memory4 ,! c(f9 0 c>ri$ on ! %\ld]s ( 8 fri5ds1 & 8 e>?ly rema9s 7 laid to re/ on 8 own prop]ty1 on ! slope ( ! hill ea/ ( 8 resid5ce & ! spr+4 ,an apple tree grew above ! grave4 ,! roots drew f ! rema9s _! n\ri%m5t & foll[$ ! %ape ( ! skeleton & ! legs4 ,today ^! same roots are pres]v$ 9 ! ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society's collection4 ,reub5 ,a4 ,guild describes ?is 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,/ill fur!r up ! hill among ! trees ( 8 or*>d1 0 ! family burial gr\nd4 ,cross+ ,b5efit ,/reet & pass+ into ! re> ( ! h\se ( ! late ,sullivan ,dorr1 a few feet f ! /able door1 is ! orig9al grave ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,x is cov]$ by a f9i%$ cap ( a heavy /one pill>4 ,"h = ne>ly two hundr$ ye>s slept ! rema9s ( ! ,apo/le ( ,religi\s ,lib]ty4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahfj1 ! grave 0 op5$1 & ! du/1 = t 0 all t rema9$ ( ! mortal body1 0 c>efully plac$ 9 an urn & deposit$ 9 ,mr4 ,r&all's family tomb 9 ! ,nor? ,burial ,gr\nd4 ,mrs4 ,williams' grave 0 also visit$1 & a lock ( braid$ hair 0 all t 0 discov]$4 ,at ! bottom ( ,rog] ,williams' grave ! root ( an apple tree _h turn$ out ( its way to ent] 9 at ! head4 ,foll[+ ! position ( ! body to ! ?ighs1 x _h turn$1 n[ divid$1 to foll[ ea* leg to ! feet1 t5d] fib]s %oot+ out 9 v>i\s directions4 ,rog] ,williams di$ a poor man4 ,8 int]e/ 9 ! ne$y & di/ress$ _h kept him con/antly poor4 ,ambition =m$ no "p ( 8 p]sonal life4 ,8 ambitions 7 = ! l>g] gr\p ( di/ress$ s\ls4 ,a prophet is r>ely appreciat$ 9 8 own age by 8 contempor>ies4 ,po/]ity1 9 lat] days1 usually discov]s ! greatness & g5ius ( ! man & ! ideal he realiz$4 ,today t ideal is ! secret ( ,am]ica's greatness & "o t has giv5 h] di/9ction among ! nations4 ,%ortly be=e ,williams' dea? !re 0 a discussion relative to divid+ up ! common l&s4 ,williams wrote to ! ,t[n ( ,provid5ce a plea1 :i* is *>act]i/ic ( ! _s ( ! man3 ,= all exp]i5ce tells u t public peace & love is bett] ?an abundance ( corn & cattle4 ,i h only "o motion & petition :i* ,i e>ne/ly pray ! t[n to lay to he>t1 z ev] !y look = a bless+ f ,god ^u ! t[n1 on y\r families1 y\r corn & cattle1 & y\r *ildr5 aft] y2 x is ?is1 t aft] y h got ov] ! black brook ( "s s\l bondage y\rself1 y te> n d[n ! bridge aft] y1 by leav+ no small pittance = di/ress$ s\ls t may come aft] y4 ,v ,,f ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,,to ,,absolute ,,civil ,,lib]ty ,,rhode ,,isl&',s ,,gift ,la/ ( ! ?irte51 smalle/ ( !m all1 ,:at can/ ?\ br+ to ?is _w's fe/ival1 ,:]e all ?y si/]s come ) pride & p[]1 ,& br+ ea* "o a pr9cess' g5]\s d[] ,( gold & gems1 & fruits & preci\s woods1 ,& joy\s tribute ( _! co/ly goods8 ,:at c we br+8 ,no outw>d %[ ( ga91 ,no pomp ( /ate2 we br+ ! sons ( m56 ,br+ gold1 fair si/]s1 yell[ gold1 ,& gems1 & all t's fair & f9e1 ,& heap !m all1 ! new1 ! old1 ,be=e our c\ntry's /ately %r9e4 ,br+ h>dihood f nor? & ea/1 ,br+ beauty f ! s\? & we/1 ,br+ valor to adorn ! fea/1 ,br+ all t has )/ood "t's te/4 ,we grudge y n ! ri*es r>e1 ,we grudge y n y\r acres broad1 ,we br+ y = our noble %>e ,,! ,,lib]ty ,,to ,,wor%ip ,,god4 --,c>ol9e ,haz>d1 ,poem read on 8,rhode ,isl& ,day0 at ,_w's ,columbian ,exposition1 ,*icago1 ,octob] #e1 #ahic4 ,,f ,,s\l-,,lib]ty ,,to ,,absolute ,,civil ,,lib]ty ,! ideal ( democracy grew 9 all ! ,new ,engl& colonies & l$ ev5tually to ! ,am]ican ,revolution & ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica4 ,rhode ,isl&1 h[ev]1 9 ! c5tury prior to ! ,revolution1 _h nev] giv5 up h] advocacy ( s\l-lib]ty1 & ?us ! ,revolution 0 to h] a great] /ruggle ?an to ! o!r colonies4 ,?is di/9ct feature w be se5 9 a /udy ( ! real successors ( ,rog] ,williams1 9 ! /ruggle = religi\s lib]ty4 ,!re=e x is int]e/+ to note "s ( ! out/&+ ev5ts 9 ! hi/ory ( ,rhode ,isl& & ,provid5ce ,plantations1 previ\s to ! ,revolution>y ,w>4 ,9 ,june1 #agjj1 a lot 0 set aside = a tra9+-gr\nd1 a burial-gr\nd1 & o!r public uses4 ,?us orig9at$ ! ,nor? ,burial ,gr\nd1 ! fir/ public burial-gr\nd 9 ! colony4 ,be=e ?is ea* family _h buri$ on its own l&4 ,n until #agfj1 :5 ,b5efit ,/reet 0 laid ?r\gh ! burial-gr\nds ( _m ( ! citiz5s1 includ+ ! l& :]e ,rog] ,williams fir/ settl$1 did !y come to use 9 a g5]al way ?is ,nor? ,burial ,gr\nd4 ,!n _m bodies 7 remov$ to ! new place = burial4 ,! second h\se ( wor%ip to be erect$ 9 ! colony1 9 #agjd1 0 ! ,fri5ds' ,meet+ ,h\se1 9 :at is n[ ,l9coln4 ,x is /ill /&+1 al?\gh ) an ext5sive addition4 ,! ,fri5ds' ,meet+ ,h\se 9 ,provid5ce 0 erect$ ab\t ! same "t4 ,! ,fir/ ,congregational ,*ur* 0 organiz$ 9 #agbj1 a meet+-h\se be+ erect$ 9 #agbc4 ,x 0 on ! site ( ! pres5t c\nty c\rt-h\se4 ,9 #agbb1 ! ,episcopalians erect$ _! fir/ *ur* build+4 ,x 0 call$ ,k+'s ,*ur*1 & 0 on ! site ( ! pres5t ,/4 ,john's ,*ur* on ,nor? ,ma9 ,/reet4 ,9 #agih1 ! ,me?odi/s organiz$ _! fir/ *ur*1 build+ _! fir/ meet+-h\se 9 #ahaf at ! corn] ( ,aborn & ,wa%+ton ,/reets4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olics comm5c$ _! "w 9 #ahbg1 meet+ 9 ,me*anics' ,hall1 aft]w>d 9 ! old ,t[n ,h\se4 ,f ! v />t no disc\ragem5t 0 giv5 to any *ur* to organize 9 ,rhode ,isl&4 ,dur+ ?is same p]iod ( "t ,bapti/s 7 h9d]$ 9 o!r colonies4 ,9 #affj1 ! proprietors ( ! colony ord]$ ! sett+ aside ( "o hundr$ acres ( upl& & six ( mead[s to be res]v$ = ! ma9t5ance ( a s*ool4 ,9 #afif1 a piece ( l& on ,dext] ,lane1 or ,/amp]'s ,hill1 0 set ap>t = a s*ool4 ,?is s*oolh\se 0 built ab\t ! ye> #afig1 ab\t fifty feet nor? ( ,olney ,/reet1 on ! ea/ side ( ,/amp]'s ,/reet4 ,x 0 us$ = ab\t fifty ye>s4 ,! s*oolma/] probably receiv$ all ( 8 comp5sation f ! s*ol>s4 ,a lot on ! end ( ! ,c\rt ,h\se ,p>ade 0 left = a s*ool build+4 ,! fir/ ref]5ce to a s*ool h\se on ?is lot is f\nd 9 ! t[n records = #ageb4 ,! t[n leas$ ?is s*oolh\se to a s*oolma/]4 ,9 #agfi1 ! fir/ free s*ool 0 e/abli%$ on ,k+'s ,/reet1 n[ ,meet+ ,/reet4 ,?is build+ is us$ n[ z a fre%-air s*ool4 ,,br[n ,,univ]sity ,z e>ly z #agfb a movem5t 0 in/itut$ by ,james ,mann+ ( ,scot* ,pla9s1 ,new ,j]sey1 to e/abli% 9 ,rhode ,isl& a univ]sity on ! broad basis ( religi\s fre$om1 b "u ! special c>e ( ! ,bapti/s4 ,a *>t]1 to be pres5t$ to ! ,g5]al ,assembly 9 #agfc1 0 prep>$ by ,rev4 ,ezra ,/iles1 a ,congregational m9i/] at ,newport4 ,:5 ! docum5t 0 ready = pres5tation1 x 0 notic$ t ! gov]n+ p[] 0 to be giv5 to a presbyt]ian body4 ,t occasion$ po/ponem5t4 ,a *>t] 0 grant$1 h[ev]1 9 ,febru>y1 #agfd1 "u ! "n ( 8,! ,tru/ees & ,fell[s ( ! ,college or ,univ]sity 9 ! ,engli% ,colony ( ,rhode ,isl& & ,provid5ce ,plantations 9 ,new ,engl& 9 ,am]ica40 ,! corporation 0 giv5 p[] to *ange its "n4 ,x organiz$ ) ,james ,mann+ z presid5t4 ,active tea*+ "w 0 comm5c$ at ,w>r5 9 #agff4 ,! f\nd+ ( ?is univ]sity 0 an ev5t t\*+ n only ! life ( ,rhode ,isl&1 b ( ! :ole c\ntry4 ,z a ,bapti/ movem5t1 x 0 fir/ propos$ by ,morgan ,edw>ds 9 #agfb1 at ! ,philadelphia ,bapti/ ,association4 ,james ,mann+ came f ! little *ur* at ,scot* ,pla9s1 ,new ,j]sey1 & f a ,bapti/ ,association to ! only place 9 ,am]ica1 at t "t1 :]e a ,bapti/ univ]sity c\ld be e/abli%$4 ,! ,bapti/s desir$ ! controll+ p[]1 b n ! :ole p[] ( adm9i/ration1 9 ord] to pres]ve _! great pr9ciple ( religi\s fre$om4 ,accord+ to ! orig9al *>t]1 tw5ty-two ( ! ?irty-six tru/ees 7 to be ,bapti/s1 five ,quak]s1 f\r ,congregationali/s1 & five ,episcopalians4 ,( ! twelve fell[s1 eight 7 to be ,bapti/1 ! re/ indef9itely ( any or all d5om9ations4 ,! foll[+ extract %[s ! ,bapti/ ideal3 into ?is lib]al & ca?olic in/itution %all nev] be admitt$ any religi\s te/s1 b1 on ! contr>y1 all ! memb]s h]e(1 %all =ev] enjoy full1 free1 absolute1 & un9t]rupt$ lib]ty ( consci5ce2 & t ! places ( pr(essors1 tutors1 & all o!r (fic]s1 ! ,presid5t alone except$1 %all be free & op5 = all d5om9ations ( ,prote/ants1 & ! y\?s ( all religi\s d5om9ations %all & may be admitt$ to ! equal advantages1 emolum5ts1 & honors ( ! univ]sity2 & t ! sect>ian diff]5ces %all n make any "p ( ! public & classical in/ructions4 ,its e>ly hi/ory is int]e/+4 ,!re 0 b "o /ud5t dur+ its fir/ ye>1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,rog]s1 ( ,newport1 !n f\rte5 ye>s old4 ,9 #agfg1 f\r new /ud5ts enroll$4 ,! fir/ ye>s ( ! college 7 sp5t at ,w>r51 :]e ,dr4 ,james ,mann+1 ! presid5t1 0 ! act+ pa/or ( a ,bapti/ *ur* rec5tly organiz$4 ,9 #agfi1 ! fir/ class ( sev5 0 ready = graduation & ! fir/ comm5cem5t 0 held on ,septemb] #g1 #agfi4 ,! v>i\s t[ns ( ! colony cont5d$ e>ne/ly to h ! college p]man5tly locat$ ) !m4 ,newport consid]$ t h] l>ge gifts to ! college 7 suffici5t to give h] ! pref]5ce4 ,provid5ce1 be+ a /rong] c5t] = ! ,bapti/s1 won1 &1 9 #aggj1 ! college 0 mov$ to t city4 ,! old brick s*oolh\se1 ne> ! foot ( ,meet+ ,/reet1 0 ! fir/ build+ us$ by ! college4 ,! /ud5ts bo>d$ 9 private families at a doll> & a qu>t] a week4 ,! build+ committee soon select$ a bett] location = ! s*ool & a bett] place = h\s+ ! /ud5t body4 ,morgan ,edw>ds said ( ! site f9ally select$3 ,comm&+ a prospect ( ! ,t[n ( ,provid5ce bel[1 ( ! ,n>ragansett ,bay & ,isl& & ( an ext5sive c\ntry1 v>iegat$ ) hills & dales1 woods & pla9s4444 ,surely ?is spot 0 made = a seat ( ! ,muses4 ,! fir/ build+1 "o suffici5t = ! ne$s ( ! college = ! foll[+ fifty ye>s1 0 ,univ]sity ,hall1 model$ aft] ,nassau ,hall ( ,pr9ceton4 ,! upp] two /ories 7 add$ aft] ! ,revolution>y w>4 ,= six ye>s1 dur+ t great /ruggle1 ! hall 0 us$ z b>racks & hospital = ! comb9$ ,am]ican & ,fr5* troops4 ,9 #agge1 ! pres5t ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ,meet+ ,h\se 0 erect$1 8= ! public wor%ip ( ,almighty ,god & to hold comm5cem5ts 940 ,s9ce #agge until ! pres5t "t1 ) ! exceptions ( ! ye>s #ahjd & #ahcb1 ?is *ur* has be5 us$ = ! comm5cem5t ex]cises4 ,on its plat=m illu/ri\s /ud5ts h receiv$ _! degrees & h gone =? to bless ! _w4 ,! presid5ts ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 seat$ 9 ! ,james ,mann+ *air1 h presid$ at ! comm5cem5ts 9 ! hi/oric ,bapti/ ,meet+ ,h\se1 & h giv5 public honor to m5 :o 9 turn h honor$ ! univ]sity & city4 ,george ,wa%+ton receiv$ ! honor>y degree ( ,,ll4 ,d4 9 #agij4 ,among h] illu/ri\s graduates none is great] ?an ,adoniram ,judson1 our pione] ,am]ican & ,bapti/ =eign mission>y4 ,doctor ,mann+ di$ 9 #agia1 & 0 buri$ 9 ! ,nor? ,burial ,gr\nd4 ,! corporation vot$ t same ye>1 ,t ! *ildr5 ( ! ,jews may be admitt$ into ?is in/itution & entirely enjoy ! fre$om ( _! own religion1 )\t any con/ra9t or imposition :atev]4 ,! "n ( ! college 0 *ang$ f ,rhode ,isl& to ,br[n ,univ]sity1 9 #ahjd1 9 honor ( ,ni*olas ,br[n1 ^: lib]al gifts to ! college 7 mu* appreciat$4 ,he 0 a tru/ee & 9 8 lifetime gave ab\t #ajj1jjj to ! college4 ,9 #ahba ! increas+ numb] ( /ud5ts made ano!r build+ imp]ative1 & ,ni*olas ,br[n gave ?is ne$$ /ructure1 ,hope ,college1 z a gift to ! in/itution4 ,illu/ration3 ,orig9al ,home ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 9 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,illu/ration3 ,br[n ,univ]sity 9 ,e>ly ,n9ete5? ,c5tury ,! second presid5t ( ,br[n ,univ]sity 0 ,jona?an ,maxcy1 :o s]v$ f #agib until #ahjb4 ,9 ^! t5 ye>s two hundr$ & tw5ty-sev5 7 graduat$1 sixty-six claim+ law z _! pr(ession1 & fifty-six ent]+ ! m9i/ry4 ,asa ,mess] 0 ! ?ird presid5t1 s]v+ f #ahjb until 8 resignation 9 #ahbf4 ,8 memb]%ip 0 9 ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*1 b 8 views1 aft] #ahae1 7 ,unit>ian4 ,acts ( v&alism1 su* z break+ into ! libr>y1 beat+ d[n ! pulpit1 & break+ w9d[s1 7 su* t he took x z a prote/ aga9/ 8 position & f9ally resign$4 ,! next presid5t 0 ,francis ,wayl&4 ,he completely reorganiz$ ! ,univ]sity4 ,he introduc$ ! elective sy/em1 & (f]$ sev]al practical c\rses4 ,! college gr\nds 7 laid out4 ,two new build+s 7 erect$4 ,mann+ ,hall1 a gift ( ,ni*olas ,br[n1 & nam$ 9 honor ( ! fir/ presid5t1 0 built 9 #ahdj4 ,9 ?is ,doric /ructure ! libr>y f\nd a home on ! fir/ floor & ! *apel on ! second4 ,rhode ,isl& ,hall 0 erect$ %ortly aft]w>d1 #aj1jjj be+ rais$ by ,rhode ,isl& m5 & wom51 & ! balance ( #ab1ejj be+ l>gely ! gift ( ,ni*olas ,br[n4 ,doctor ,wayl&'s presid5cy came to an end by 8 dea? 9 #ahee4 ,he 0 buri$ 9 ,nor? ,burial ,gr\nd4 ,foll[+ him came ,b>nes ,se>s1 ,alexis ,gaswell1 ,ezekiel ,gilman ,rob9son1 ,eli%a ,b5jam9 ,&rews1 & ! pres5t presid5t1 ,w4 ,h4 ,p4 ,faunce1 s9ce ,june1 #ahii4 ,today ! college has m ?an a ?\s& /ud5ts1 ab\t ?irty build+s1 & an end[m5t ( m ?an f\r million doll>s4 ,br[n ,univ]sity 0 ! pione] ( ! hundr$s ( s*ools1 colleges1 & univ]sities :i* ! ,bapti/s 7 de/9$ to h 9 ! ye>s t foll[$4 ,^! are n limit$ to "o ,/ate1 b are scatt]$ all ov] our c\ntry4 ,pilgrims to ,provid5ce1 ! bir?place ( religi\s lib]ty 9 ,am]ica1 %\ld n fail to visit ^? build+s :i* conta9 sacr$ relics ( ! long & h>d /ruggle = s\l-lib]ty & political fre$om 9 ,am]ica4 ,! pres5t million-doll> ,,city ,,hall1 at ! we/ end ( ,ex*ange ,place1 9 ,provid5ce1 0 erect$ 9 ! p]iod #ahgd to #ahgh4 ,9 ! (fice ( ! ,record] ( ,de$s c be se5 8! orig9al de$s0 f ! ,indian *iefs to ,rog] ,williams 9 #afcf1 also 8 lett] transf]r+ to 8 lov+ fri5ds1 8a %>e ( ! new t]ritory40 ,! orig9al ,compact ( ,gov]nm5t is "h also1 & !re is a bu/ ( ,rog] ,williams ov] ! entrance4 ,,! ,,old ,,/ate ,,h\se1 situat$ on ,b5efit ,/reet1 is a build+ :i* c well vie ) ,faneuil ,hall 9 ,bo/on & ,indep5d5ce ,hall 9 ,philadelphia z a 8,cradle ( ,lib]ty40 ,built 9 #agfc1 x 0 orig9ally occupi$ by ! ,rhode ,isl& ,colonial ,assembly1 :o "h on ,may #d1 #aggf1 two mon?s previ\s to ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce1 9 ,philadelphia1 adopt$ ! fam\s act r5\nc+ allegiance to ,great ,brita94 ,?is fact is commemorat$ by a bronze tablet & also by an annual commemoration 9 all ! public s*ools ( ,provid5ce4 ,,! ,,new ,,/ate ,,h\se1 or 8,m>ble ,palace10 on ! cre/ ( ,capitol ,hill1 complet$ 9 #aijb at a co/ ( #c1bjj1jjj1 is built ( :ite ,georgia m>ble1 & has = a di/+ui%+ feature "o ( ! few m>ble domes exi/+ 9 ! _w4 ,?is inscription is on ! s\? front ( ! ,capitol3 ,to hold =? a lively exp]im5t1 t a mo/ fl\ri%+ civil /ate may /& & be/ be ma9ta9$1 ) full ,lib]ty 9 ,religi\s ,conc]nm5ts4 ,on ! nor? side1 we read1 ,provid5ce ,plantations1 ,f\nd$ by ,rog] ,williams1 #afcf1 ,provid5ce1 ,portsm\?1 ,newport1 incorporat$ by ,p>liam5t1 #afdc1 ,rhode ,isl&1 ,provid5ce ,plantations1 obta9$ ,royal ,*>t] #affc4 ,9 ,g5]al ,assembly decl>$ a ,sov]eign ,/ate1 ,may #d?1 #aggf4 ,! inscription ar\nd ! int]ior ( ! dome is a ,lat9 quotation f ,tacitus4 ,translat$ x is3 ,r>e felicity ( ! times :5 x is p]mitt$ to ?9k z y l1 & say :at y ?9k4 ,9 ! ,/ate ,*amb] is ,gilb]t ,/u>t's r>e full-l5g? portrait ( ,g5]al ,wa%+ton4 ,9 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate's (fice is ! orig9al *>t]1 grant$ 9 #affc1 "u :i* ! colony & ,/ate 7 gov]n$ until #ahdc4 ,9 a subbasem5t !re is a collection ( ,/ate hi/orical exhibits1 orig9ally collect$ = ! ,jame/[n ,exposition4 ,on ! dome ( ! ,/ate ,h\se !re is a colossal bronze /atue ( 8,indep5d5t ,man1 or ! ,g5ius ( ,religi\s ,lib]ty10 design$ by ,brew/]4 ,illu/ration3 ,capitol ,build+ 9 ,provid5ce1 ,:]e ! ,*>t] is ,kept ,illu/ration3 ,city ,hall1 ,provid5ce1 ,:]e ! ,compact1 ,indian ,de$1 & ,lett] ( ,transf]5ce are ,kept ,,! ,,c\rt ,,h\se is on ! corn] ( ,b5efit & ,college ,/reets4 ,9 its corridor !re is a hi/orical pa9t+ by ,c4 ,f4 ,grant1 pictur+ 8,! return ( ,rog] ,williams ) ! fir/ *>t] = ! ,colony 9 #afdd40 ,,rhode ,,isl& ,,9 ,,! ,,revolution>y ,,w> ,rhode ,isl& 0 ! fir/ to /rike a bl[ = civil lib]ty z %e 0 ! fir/ 9 ! /ruggle = religi\s lib]ty4 ,%e 0 la/1 h[ev]1 to adopt ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,%e hesitat$ to surr5d] to ! f$]al gov]nm5t ! lib]ties enjoy$ "u h] *>t]1 ! mo/ lib]al ev] grant$ to a colony4 ,%e has a "r to be pr\d ( h] record1 be=e1 dur+1 & aft] ! ,revolution>y w>4 ,e4 ,b5jam9 ,&rews op5$ 8 case = ,rhode ,isl&'s recognition ) ^! words3 ,/ates are great or small accord+ to _! miles1 & z ! little bir? t[n ( ! ,*ri/1 ,be?lehem1 9 ! l& ( ,judah1 0 n lea/ among ! pr9ces ( ,judah1 s ,rhode ,isl&1 dim9utive z %e is physically1 is f> f lea/ among ! pr9cely ,con/itu5ts ( ?is republic4 ,! hi/ory ( ,rhode ,isl& proves t ! be/ compatriot political lib]ty ev] _h 0 absolute religi\s lib]ty4 ,rhode ,isl& 0 ! fir/ to /rike ! "n ( k+ f ! *>t] ( h] lib]ties1 ?us becom+ ! fir/ sov]eign indep5d5t ,/ate 9 all ! ,new ,_w4 ,rhode ,isl& 0 ! fir/ to recomm5d ! p]man5t e/abli%m5t ( a ,cont95tal ,congress1 9 t[n meet+ assembl$1 ,may #ag1 #aggd1 & 9 ,g5]al ,assembly1 ,june #ae1 #aggd1 %e appo9t$ ,samuel ,w>d & ,ezek ,hopk9s h] fir/ delegates !reto4 ,rhode ,isl& 0 also ! fir/1 by ov]t act1 to r5\nce allegiance to ,george ,,iii ( ,engl&4 ,%e 0 fir/ to in/ruct h] (fic]s to disreg>d ! ,/amp ,act & to ensure !m indemnity = s do+4 ,9 #agfe1 %e explicitly decl>$ t 9 h]self alone 0 ve/$ ! "r ( local taxation4 ,rhode ,isl& 0 fir/ to fire a gun aga9/ ! dom9ion ( ,engl&4 ,! fir/ blood ( ! ,revolution>y w> 0 spilt 9 ,n>ragansett ,bay4 ,lex+ton 0 f\ght ,april #ai1 #agge2 ! ,bo/on ,tea ,p>ty 0 on ,decemb] #af1 #aggc2 ,provid5ce m51 aft] p]fect+ _! plans at ! ,sab9 ,tav]n1 ,planet & ,s\? ,ma9 ,/reets1 r[$ d[n ! riv]1 & on ,june #aj1 #aggb1 s5t up ! ,gaspee 9 flames4 ,on ,july #ai1 #agfi1 ! m5 ( ,newport sunk ,8 ,maje/y's sloop1 ,lib]ty4 ,rhode ,isl& 0 ! fir/ to e/abli% an ,am]ican navy4 ,%e gave ! comm& to ,abraham ,:ipple1 :o =?) captur$ ! fir/ w> prize 7! t5d] ( ! frigate ,rose1 !n (f ,newport74 ,aft] ! w> ( indep5d5ce 0 "u way1 ,rhode ,isl& 0 ! fir/ to recomm5d & urge ^u ,congress ! e/abli%m5t ( a ,cont95tal navy4 ,congress *ose a ,rhode ,isl&] to "w out ! plans4 ,ezek ,hopk9s1 a ,provid5ce man1 0 appo9t$ comm&]-9-*ief4 ,?ree-f\r?s ( all ! (fic]s 7 f ,rhode ,isl&4 ,^! m5 7 ! vik+s ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution4 ,ezek ,hopk9s' home is /ill pres]v$ on ,admiral ,/reet4 ,!re is a monum5t to him at 8 grave 9 ,hopk9s ,squ>e1 corn] ,bran* ,av5ue & ,*>les ,/reet4 ,9 proportion to h] size none ( ! o!r ,/ates c comp>e ) ,rhode ,isl& 9 ! am\nt giv5 to ! ,cont95tal loan4 ,h] citiz5s1 unlock+ _! purses1 freely furni%$ ! s9ews ( w>4 ,%e contribut$ sev5 times z mu* z ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 ^: population 0 ?ree times z l>ge2 "o & a half times z mu* z ,m>yl&1 ^: population 0 f\r times z great2 twice z mu* z ,virg9ia1 ) a population eight times l>g]4 ,rhode ,isl& contribut$ proportionately h] %>e ( m5 to ! great /ruggle4 ,rhode ,isl& m5 7 9 e great battle "u ,wa%+ton4 ,rhode ,isl& has be5 greatly criticiz$ = n quickly adopt+ ! ,con/itution4 ,%e 0 ! la/ to adopt x4 ,h] conception ( religi\s & civic lib]ty 9 comb9ation 0 su* t %e 0 n will+ to lose easily ! lib]ty :i* %e _h obta9$ = h]self & :i* %e freely advocat$ = o!rs4 ,h] "p 9 ! great /ruggle 0 s great t h] motive = delay 9 adopt+ ! ,con/itution %\ld nev] be que/ion$4 ,h] ideal ( lib]ty1 unique to ,rhode ,isl& !n1 is ! g5]ally accept$ "o n[ ?r\gh\t ,am]ica & back ( e great politicial re=m 9 l&s beyond our bord]s4 ,ex-,gov]nor ,russell ,br[n1 on ,rhode ,isl& ,day at ! ,_w's ,columbian ,exposition1 said3 ,! hi/ory ( our ,/ate is a bir?right :i* nei!r l&s nor gold c buy1 = full z x is ( /irr+ & passionate ev5ts1 !re is n an incid5t 9 our annals t c br+ ! sc>let ( %ame to ! *eek ( civiliz$ man4 ,rog] ,williams ! fir/ settl]1 ! ?rice-exil$ fri5d ( ! weak & oppress$1 by 8 revolt aga9/ ,puritan intol]ance & 8 sacrifice = s\l lib]ty1 baptiz$ ,rhode ,isl&'s e>ly days ) glory suffici5t = any ,/ate4 ,,vi ,,! ,,tor*-,,be>]s ,,( ,,! ,,ideal ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams ,,until ,,lib]ty ,,enlight5$ ,,! ,,_w ,i believe all our ,bapti/ m9i/]s 9 t[n1 except two1 & mo/ ( our bre?r5 9 ! c\ntry 7 on ! side ( ! ,am]icans 9 ! late dispute4444 ,to ?is h\r we believe t ! indep5d5ce ( ,am]ica w1 = a :ile1 secure ! lib]ty ( ?is c\ntry1 b if t cont95t _h be5 r$uc$1 ,brita9 w\ld n h long be5 free4--,doctor ,rippon1 ( ,london1 ,engl&1 to ,presid5t ,mann+1 ( ,rhode ,isl& ,college1 writt5 9 #aghd4 ,nor ne$ any "o dream t ,jeff]son & ,madison c\ld h c>ri$ ?is measure by _! g5ius & influ5ce4 ,!y 7 oppos$ by _m m5 ^: transc5d5t s]vices1 or unequall$ oratory1 or weal?1 position1 f9ancial int]e/s1 or int5se prejudices w\ld h enabl$ !m easily to resi/ _! unsupport$ assaults4 ,l a c\ple ( fir/-class eng9e]s on a t5d] ) a tra9 atta*$1 b no locomotive1 w\ld ,jeff]son & ,madison h appe>$ )\t ! ,bapti/s4 ,!y furni%$ ! locomotive = ^! skill$ eng9e]s :i* drew ! tra9 ( religi\s lib]ty ?r\gh e p]secut+ enactm5t 9 ! p5al code ( ,virg9ia4--,wm4 ,ca?c>t1 ,d4 ,d41 9 8,! ,bapti/s & ! ,am]ican ,revolution40 ,! ,bapti/s 7 ! fir/ & only religi\s d5om9ation t /ruck = indep5d5ce f ,great ,brita91 & ! fir/ & only "o t made a move = religi\s lib]ty be=e indep5d5ce 0 decl>$4444 ,( ^? :o took "p 9 ! /ruggle = religi\s lib]ty1 ! ,bapti/s 7 ! only d5om9ation t ma9ta9$ a consi/5t record & held out )\t wav]+ until ! end--until e ve/ige ( ! old e/abli%m5t _h be5 oblit]at$ by ! sale ( ! glebes4--,dr4 ,*>les ,james1 9 8,docum5t>y ,hi/ory ( ! ,/ruggle = ,religi\s ,lib]ty 9 ,virg9ia40 ,,! ,,tor*-,,be>]s ,,( ,,! ,,ideal ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams ,,until ,,lib]ty ,,enlight5$ ,,! ,,_w ,we h se5 ! e>ly /ruggles ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,we h se5 ! halo ( glory :i* clu/]s ab\t ! ,/ate he f\nd$4 ,we h se5 8 place 9 ! plans ( a ,div9e provid5ce4 ,we h also se5 8 place 9 ! procession ( h]oes :o held al(t ! tor* ( religi\s & s\l-lib]ty ?r\gh\t ! ages4 ,:5 by dea?1 he 0 compell$ to drop t tor*1 o!rs took x up & cont9u$ ! procession until ! fir/ am5dm5t to our ,national ,con/itution became a fact ( hi/ory4 ,! ,bapti/s l$ ! hi/oric movem5t 9 all ! colonies :i* /ood = ?is pr9ciple ( 8,religi\s ,lib]ty40 ,osc> ,s4 ,/raus says3 ,! ,bapti/s 444 _h a mu* m enlight5$ & advanc$ view3 !y held t ,*ri/ianity %\ld propagate itself by its own spiritual =ce2 t ! civil gov]nm5t 0 entirely ap>t & di/9ct & %\ld h no control ov] consci5ce1 or p[] to inflict puni%m5t = spiritual c5sures4 ,pr(essor ,g]v9us1 pr(essor at ,heidelb]g1 ,g]many1 ab\t ! ye> #ahej1 publi%$ a "w1 9 :i* he ref]r$ to ,williams & 8 ideal3 ,rog] ,williams urg$ an entire lib]ty ( consci5ce 9 ,massa*usetts4 ,he 0 oblig$ to fly f ! c\ntry1 & 9 #afcf he f\nd$ a small new society 9 ,rhode ,isl& ^u ! pr9ciples ( entire lib]ty ( consci5ce4 ,x 0 prophesi$ t ! democratic attempts to obta9 a g5]al elective fran*ise & entire religi\s lib]ty w\ld be ( %ort duration4 ,b ^! in/itutions h spread f t petty /ate ov] ! :ole union4 ,!y sup]s$$ ! ari/ocratic comm5cem5ts ( ,c>ol9a & ,new ,york1 ! ,high-*ur* "p ( ,virg9ia1 ! !ocracy 9 ,massa*usetts1 & ! mon>*y ?r\gh\t ,am]ica2 !y h giv5 laws to "o qu>t] ( ! globe2 &1 dread$ = _! moral influ5ce1 !y /& 9 ! backgr\nd ( e democratic /ruggle 9 ,europe4 ,= ! publication ( su* s5tim5ts1 ,pr(essor ,g]v9us 0 tri$ at ,mannheim & s5t5c$ to f\r mon?s' imprisonm5t & to h 8 books publicly burn$4 ,back ( political progress !re mu/ be spiritual /r5g?4 ,back ( ! f9al victory ( religi\s lib]ty 9 ,am]ica !re 0 n only ! glori\s example ( ,rhode ,isl& z a political demon/ration b ! p]si/5t propagation ( ! ideals 9 all ! ,/ates4 ,?is 0 *iefly ! task ( ! ,bapti/s1 _m ( ^: *ur*es c\ld trace _! orig9 to settl]s f ,rhode ,isl&4 ,dur+ ! ,colonial p]iod1 ! laws ( ,massa*usetts & ,virg9ia relat+ to s\l-lib]ty 7 mo/ sev]e2 ^? 9 ,m>yl& & ,p5nsylvania1 ! mo/ l5i5t1 outside ( ,rhode ,isl&4 ,illu/ration3 ,ord] bani%+ ! ,f\nd]s ( ! ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* 9 ,bo/on4 ,sid5ote3 #afdd4 ,nov4 #ac4 ,:]eas ,?omas ,gold 7& o!rs7 ob/9ate & turbul5t ,annabapti/s1 h "s "t s9ce comb9$ !mselves : o!rs 9 a pret5d$ *ur* e/ate xxxxx to ! great griefe & (f5ce ( ! godly or?odox xxxxxxxx & ab\t two ye>s s9ce 7 enjoyn$ by ?is ,c\rt to desi/ f said practise & to returne to our all[$ ,*ur* ,assemblies1 xxxxxx ?is ,c\rt doe judge x necess>y t !y be remov$ to "s o!r "p ( ?is c\ntry or else:]e3 & accord+ly doe? ord] t 7!y7 doe be=e ! tw5tie? ( ,july next remove !mselves out ( ?is jurisdiccon4 ,9 ,massa*usetts ! ,bapti/ s5tim5t did n die out ) ! bani%m5t ( ,rog] ,williams4 ,9 #afdj1 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,*auncey advocat$ ! imm]sion ( believ]s & also ( infants4 ,lat] ,presid5t ,dun/]1 ( ,cambridge ,college1 w5t fur!r & d5\nc$ ! :ole sy/em ( infant baptism4 ,ab\t ! same "t1 ,lady ,moody1 ( ,lynn1 d5i$ infant baptism4 ,9 #afdd1 a poor man by ! "n ( ,pa9t]1 rea*+ ! same conclusion1 refus$ to h 8 *ild baptiz$4 ,! c\rt int]f]$ & ! man 0 ti$ up & :ipp$4 ,on ,novemb] #ac1 #afdd1 two mon?s aft] ,williams arriv$ 9 ,bo/on1 en r\te to ,provid5ce1 ) ! *>t]1 ! ,massa*usetts ,bay ,colony pass$ a law aga9/ ! ,bapti/s1 9 :i* !y 7 describ$ z 8,! inc5di>ies ( commonweal?s1 ! tr\bl]s ( *ur*es40 ,!y ord]$ t all :o 8op5ly condemn or oppose ! baptiz+ ( infants %all be s5t5c$ to bani%m5t40 ,! ,g5]al ,c\rt issu$ an ord] 9 #afdd bani%+ ! f\nd]s ( ! ,bo/on ,bapti/ ,*ur*4 ,9 #afea1 ,obadiah ,holmes1 ,john ,cl>ke1 & ,john ,cr&all came to ,lynn1 ,massa*usetts1 f ,newport1 ,rhode ,isl&4 ,!y 7 hold+ a s]vice 9 ,mr4 ,witt]'s h\se1 ab\t two miles out f ,lynn4 ,mr4 ,cl>ke 0 prea*+ f ,revelation #c3aj4 ,! s]vice 0 brok5 up by ! arrival ( two con/ables1 :o1 ) clamor\s tongues1 int]rupt$ ! disc\rse & arre/$ ! prea*]s4 ,! prison]s 7 held 9 ,lynn until ! morn+1 :5 !y 7 tak5 to ! ,bo/on prison4 ,two weeks lat]1 !y 7 s5t5c$ to pay heavy f9es4 ,! f9es ( ,cl>ke & ,cr&all 7 paid by fri5ds4 ,holmes refus$ any assi/ance 9 pay+ 8 f9e ( ?irty p\nds & 0 publicly :ipp$ ) ?irty la%es f a ?ree-cord$ :ip4 ,?irte5 o!rs1 :o sympa?iz$ ) ^! bre?r51 7 arre/$ & 7 ord]$ to pay a f9e ( =ty %ill+s ea* or take t5 la%es4 ,john ,hazel1 an old man f ,rehobo?1 0 :ipp$ & di$ a few days aft]w>d4 ,cl>ke publi%$ ! /ory ( ?is incid5t 9 8,ill ,newes f ,new-,engl&0--an orig9al copy is 9 ! ,john ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y1 ,provid5ce1 ,r4 ,i4 ,cotton 0 ! religi\s lead] 9 ,bo/on1 back ( ?is p]secution4 ,9 #afhj ! doors ( ! ,bapti/ meet+-h\se 9 ,bo/on 7 nail$ up by ! au?orities4 ,f9ally ! ,bapti/s 9 ,bo/on won "s fre$om1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 d5i$ to o!r ,bapti/ *ur*es ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate4 ,isaac ,backus 0 ! lead] among ! ,massa*usetts ,bapti/s = s\l-lib]ty4 ,) ,presid5t ,mann+1 he appeal$ to ! ,massa*usetts delegates at ! ,cont95tal ,congress to provide 9 ! ,con/itution = sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate4 ,john ,adams repli$ to !m3 8,!y might z well turn ! heav5ly bodies out ( _! annual & diurnal c\rses z to expect !y w\ld give up _! e/abli%m5t40 ,?is _s ( opposition 0 cont9u$ until #ahcc1 9 :i* ye> ! la/ ve/ige ( oppressive religi\s intol]ance 0 remov$ f ! /atute-books ( ,massa*usetts4 ,illu/ration ,,ill ,,newes ,,f ,,new-,,engl& ,,or ,a ,n>ative ( ,new-,engl&s ,,p]secution4 ,,:]e9 ,,is ,,decl>$ ,t :ile old ,engl& is becom+ new1 ,new-,engl& is become ,old4 ,also f\r ,proposals to ! ,hon\r$ ,p>liam5t & ,c\ncel ( ,/ate1 t\*+ ! way to ,propagate ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/ 7) small *>ge & great safety7 bo? 9 ,old ,engl& & ,new4 ,also f\r conclusions t\*+ ! fai? & ord] ( ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/ out ( 8 la/ ,w & ,te/am5t1 confirm$ & ju/ifi$ ,by ,,john ,,cl>k ,physician ( ,rode ,isl& 9 ,am]ica4 ,revel4 #b4 #be4 ,hold fa/ till ,i come4 #c4 #aa4 ,behold ,i come quickly4 #bb4 #bj4 ,am51 ev5 s come ,"l ,jesus4 ,,london1 ,pr9t$ by ,h5ry ,hills liv+ 9 ,fleet-,y>d next door to ! ,rose & ,cr[n1 9 ! ye> #afeb4 ,9 ,virg9ia1 ! opposition to ! ,bapti/ movem5t 0 bitt] & unrel5t+4 ,! e>ly settl]s ( ,virg9ia left ,engl&1 :5 _! *ur*1 ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 _h won a complete victory ov] all o!r p]suasions4 ,! ,virg9ians s\ght to duplicate 9 ! new l& ! _s ( ! victors across ! sea & make religion uni=m 9 _! colony4 ,laws 7 pass$ aga9/ popi% recusants z e>ly z #afdc4 ,o!r laws 7 pass$ by _! assembly betwe5 ! ye>s #afei & #affc aga9/ ^? :o fail$ to h _! *ildr5 baptiz$4 ,! ,quak]s especially f\nd ^! laws mo/ sev]e4 ,! e>ly ,bapti/s ( ,virg9ia 7 ( ! common p2 _! m9i/]s 7 illit]ate2 & = a :ile !y escap$ notice4 ,! fir/ imprisonm5t ( ,bapti/s 0 9 ! c\nty ( ,spottsylvania1 ,va41 ,june #d1 #agfh4 ,?ree ,bapti/s1 ,john ,wall]1 ,lewis ,craig1 & ,james ,*ilds1 ) o!rs1 7 arre/$ = di/urb+ ! peace4 7,!re 0 no law aga9/ prea*+47 ,! oppos+ lawy] 9 ! c\rt-room made ?is *>ge3 ,may x please y\r wor%ips1 ^! m5 are great di/urb]s ( ! peace2 !y _c meet a man on ! road1 b !y ram a text ( ,scripture d[n 8 ?roat4 ,mr4 ,wall] s def5d$ himself & 8 bre?r5 t _! enemies 7 some:at puzzl$ to "k h[ to proce$ aga9/ !m4 ,!y (f]$ to release !m on promise to refra9 f prea*+ 9 ! c\nty = a ye> & a day4 ,! def5dants refus$ ! (f] & 7 s5t to prison4 ,o!r ,bapti/ m9i/]s 7 arre/$1 & soon ?irty 7 "u arre/4 ,! prisons became ,bapti/ pulpits1 & multitudes ga!r$ ar\nd !m to he> ! prea*]s4 ,_! oppon5ts engag$ drumm]s to dr[n ! prea*+2 high enclosures 7 9 "s cases erect$ be=e prison w9d[s1 & suffocat+ mat]ials 7 burn$ ne> ! prisons4 ,bapti/s f ! beg9n+ 7 unremitt+ 9 _! /ruggle to secure religi\s lib]ty4 ,!y secur$ ! support ( ,patrick ,h5ry1 a memb] ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*1 b a firm fri5d ( all :o /ood = lib]ty1 civil & religi\s4 ,he help$ ! ,bapti/s to w9 ! complete victory4 ,! ,bapti/ cause 0 de/9$ to h a m cong5ial atmosph]e 9 ,p5nsylvania :5 we rememb] t ,william ,p5n1 its illu/ri\s f\nd]1 _h an ,engli% ,bapti/ fa!r & a ,dut* "m1 und\bt$ly ( ,anabapti/ desc5t4 ,he receiv$ 8 *>t] 9 #afha1 =ty-five ye>s aft] ,rog] ,williams' bani%m5t f ,massa*usetts4 ,p5n possess$ broad & lib]al ideas & 0 oppos$ to any *ur* e/abli%m5t4 ,he provid$ t all p]sons :o confess & ackn[l$ge ! ,almighty & ,et]nal ,god to be ! ,creator1 ,uphold]1 & ,rul] ( ! _w1 444 %\ld 9 no ways be mole/$1 nor compell$ to frequ5t or ma9ta9 any religi\s wor%ip4 ,yet only ^? confess+ fai? 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ c\ld become freem5 9 ,p5n's doma94 ,! sep>ate ,quak]s 9 ! colony ( ,p5nsylvania 7 arre/$1 f9$1 & imprison$ = diss5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,john ,cl>ke ,memorial ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur* ( ,newport1 ,r4 ,i4 ,illu/ration3 ,grave ( ,john ,cl>ke ,! fir/ company ( ,bapti/s 9 ?is colony came f ,rhode ,isl&4 ,william ,dugan came !re 9 #afhd1 ?ree ye>s aft] ,p5n receiv$ 8 *>t]4 ,he settl$ at ,cold ,spr+1 9 ,bucks ,c\nty4 ,! fir/ *ur* 9 ,philadelphia 0 f\nd$ by ,john ,holmes 9 #afhf4 ,! fir/ meet+-place 0 at ! corn] ( ,second & ,*e/nut ,/reets4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,law 9 ,william ,p5n's ,colony4 ,no ,absolute ,s\l-lib]ty 9 ,p5nsylvania 9 ,^? ,days4 ,sid5ote3 ,two ,?irds ( ! ,memb]s h ! ,p[] ( a full ,h\se4 ,no ,memb] to vote c4 9 ! ,h\se till qualifi$4 ,! ,qualification ( e ,memb] ( ,assembly4 ,alt]$ by an ,act pass'd 9 ! ,,ii ,geo4 ,i1 entitl$ ,an ,act--prescrib+ ! ,=ms ( ,decl>ation ( ,fidelity4 c4 ,,& if any ,c\nty or ,"p ( ?is ,prov9ce %all refuse or neglect to *oose _! respective ,repres5tatives z a=esaid1 or if *os51 d n meet to s]ve 9 ,assembly1 ^? :o are s *os5 & met %all h ! full ,p[] ( an ,assembly 9 z ample ,mann] z if all ! ,repres5tatives _h be5 *os5 & met2 ,provid$1 !y are n less ?an two ,?irds ( ! ,:ole t ought to meet4 ,,& ,,be ,,x ,,fur!r ,,enact$ by ! ,au?ority a=esaid1 ,t no ,p]son :o %all be h]eaft] a ,memb] ( ! ,assembly1 or ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ( ?is ,prov9ce1 %all be capable to vote 9 ! said ,h\se1 or sit !re dur+ any ,debate1 aft] _! ,speak] is *os51 until he %all make & subscribe ! foll[+ ,decl>ations & ,pr(ession 8 ,belief1 viz41 ,i ,a4 ,b4 d s9c]ely promise1 & solemnly decl>e be=e ,,god & ! ,_w1 ,t ,i w be fai?ful & be> true ,allegiance to ,que5 ,anne4 ,& ,i d solemnly pr(ess & decl>e4 ,t ,i d1 f my ,he>t1 abbor1 dete/ & r5\nce z impi\s & h]etical1 t damnable ,doctr9e & ,position1 ,t ,pr9ces excommunicat$ or depriv$ by ! ,pope1 or any ,au?ority ( ! ,see ( ,rome1 may be depos$ or murd]$ by _! ,subjects1 or any o!r :atsoev]4 ,,& ,i d decl>e1 ,t no =eign ,pr9ce1 ,p]son1 ,prelate1 ,/ate or ,pot5tate ha?1 or ought to h1 any ,p[]1 ,jurisdiction1 ,sup]iority1 ,preem95ce or ,au?ority ecclesia/ical or spiritual1 )9 ! ,realm ( ,engl&1 or ! ,dom9ions !reunto belong+4 ,,& ,i ,a4 ,b4 d solemnly & s9c]ely1 9 ! ,pres5ce ( ,,god1 pr(ess1 te/ify & decl>e1 ,t ,i d believe t 9 ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,,"l's ,supp] !re is n any ,transub/antiation ( ! ,elem5ts ( ,bread & ,w9e into ! ,body & ,blood ( ,,*ri/1 at or aft] ! ,consecration !re(1 by any ,p]son :atsoev]2 & t ! ,invocation or ,adoration ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 or any o!r ,sa9t1 & ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,mass1 z !y are n[ us$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 are sup]/itions & ,idolatr\s4 ,,& ,i d solemnly1 9 ! ,pres5ce ( ,,god1 pr(ess1 te/ify & decl>e4 ,t ,i d make ?is ,decl>ation & e ,"p !re(1 9 ! pla9 & ord9>y ,s5se ( ! ,words read unto me1 z !y are commonly und]/ood by ,engli% ,prote/ants1 )\t any ,evasion1 ,equivocation or m5tal ,res]vation :atsoev] & )\t any ,disp5sation already grant$ me = ?is ,purpose by ! ,pope1 or any o!r ,au?ority or ,p]son :atsoev]1 or )\t any ,hope ( any su* ,disp5sation f any ,p]son or ,au?ority :atsoev]1 or )\t ?9k+ ,i am or may be acquitt$ be=e ,,god1 or ,man1 or absolv$ ( ?is ,decl>ation1 or any ,"p !re(1 al?\gh ! ,pope1 or any o!r ,p]son or ,p]sons1 or ,p[] :atsoev]1 %\ld disp5se ) or annull ! same1 or decl>e t x 0 null or void f ! ,beg9n+4 ,,& ,i ,a4 ,b4 pr(ess ,fai? 9 ,,god ! ,fa!r1 & 9 ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 8 et]nal ,son1 ! true ,,god1 & 9 ! ,,holy ,,_s1 "o ,,god1 bless$ = ev]more2 & d ackn[l$ge ! ,holy ,scriptures ( ! ,old & ,new-,te/am5t1 to be giv5 by div9e ,inspiration4 ,"l ,baltimore1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic proprietor ( ,m>yl&1 0 f> 9 advance ( 8 ,*ur*4 ,he came to ! ,new ,_w to secure religi\s lib]ty = himself & 8 fri5ds4 ,! ,m>yl& ,act ( ,tol]ation1 issu$ 9 #afdi1 provid$ t ,blasphemy aga9/ ,god1 & a d5ial ( ! ,tr9ity %\ld be puni%$ ) dea? & confiscation ( l&s & goods1 & blasphemy aga9/ ! ,virg9 ,m>y %\ld fir/ be puni%$ by a f9e ( five p\nds1 & if p]si/$ 91 by a =feiture ( all possessions & bani%m5t f ! colony4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,law ,conc]n+ ,religi\s ,tol]ation 9 ,m>yl& ,colony4 ,x is n ,religi\s ,lib]ty4 ,sid5ote3 #afdi4 ,acts & ,ord]s ( ,,assembly1 ass5t$ to1 enact$ & made1 at a ,g5]al ,session ( ! said ,assembly1 begun & held at ,/4 ,m>y's on ! #b;d ,day ( ,april #afdi1 & end$ ! #ba/ ,day ( ! same ,mon?4 ,,william ,,/one1 ,esq2 ,gov]nor4 ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,illu/ration ,sid5ote3 ,pass$ #ba/ ( ,april #afdi4 ,an ,act conc]n+ ,religion4 ,lib4 ,c & ,,:4 fol4 #ajf4 ,lib4 ,,:4 fol4 #aaa4 & ,lib4 ,,: & ,l4 fol4 #a4 ,confirm$ among ! p]petual ,laws #afgf1 *4 #b4 ,n4 ,b4 ,by ?is ,law1 7#a47 ,blasphemy aga9/ ,,god1 d5y+ our ,savi\r ,,jesus ,,*ri/ to be ! ,son ( ,,god1 or d5y+ ! ,holy ,,tr9ity1 or ! ,godhead ( any ( ! ,?ree ,p]sons1 c4 0 to be ,puni%$ ) ,dea?1 & ,confiscation ( ,l&s & ,goods to ! ,"l ,propriet>y4 7#b47 ,p]sons us+ any reproa*ful ,words or ,spee*es conc]n+ ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y1 ,"m ( our ,savi\r1 or ! ,holy ,apo/les or ,evangeli/s1 or any ( !m1 = ! #a/ ,(f5ce to =feit #el4 ,/]l+ to ! ,"l ,propriet>y2 or1 9 default ( ,paym5t1 to be publicly ,:ipp$1 & ,imprison$ at ! ,pleasure ( 8 ,lord%ip1 or 8 ,lieut4 ,g5]al4 ,= ! #b;d ,(f5ce to =feit #ajl4 ,/]l+1 or 9 default ( ,paym5t to be publicly & sev]ely ,:ipp$1 & ,imprison$ z be=e direct$4 ,& = ! #c;d ,(f5ce to =feit ,l&s & ,goods1 & be = ev] ,bani%$ out ( ! ,prov9ce4 7#c47 ,p]sons reproa*+ any o!r )9 ! ,prov9ce by ! ,"n or ,d5om9ation ( ,h]etic1 ,s*ismatic1 ,idolat]1 ,puritan1 ,indep5d5t1 ,presbyt]ian1 ,popi% ,prie/1 ,jesuit1 ,jesuit$ ,papi/1 ,lu!ran1 ,calv9i/1 ,anabapti/1 ,br[ni/1 ,ant9omian1 ,b>r[i/1 ,r\nd-,head1 ,sep>ati/1 or any o!r ,"n or ,t]m 9 a reproa*- ,! ,bapti/ *ur* at ,*e/nut ,ridge 0 =m$ 9 #agdb by ,h5ry ,sator1 a layman ( ! ,g5]al ,bapti/ ord]1 :o _h rec5tly come f ,engl&4 ,he invit$ ,bapti/ m9i/]s to prea* 9 8 h\se4 ,!y soon ga!r$ a congregation2 proselytes 7 ga9$1 & a *ur* organiz$4 ,?is *ur* appeal$ to ! gov]nor & 0 tak5 "u ! protection ( ! tol]ation laws4 ,illu/ration3 ,puritan-,religi\s-,lib]ty6 ,facsimile ( orig9al laws4 ,f 8,body ( ,lib]ties40 ,fir/ legal code = ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,bay ,colony4 ,drawn up by ,rev4 ,na?aniel ,w>d1 ,lawy]-div9e ( ,ipswi*4 #id4 ,capitall ,laws4 #a4 ,sid5ote3 ,dut4 #ac4 #f1 #aj4 ,dut4 #ag4 #b1 #f ,ex4 #bb4 #bj4 ,sid5ote3 ,p4 #ad4 ,s4 #a4 ,if any man aft] legall conviction %all h or wor%ip any o!r god1 b ! "l god1 he %all be put to dea?4 #b4 ,sid5ote3 ,ex4 #bb4 #ah4 ,lev4 #bj4 #bg4 ,dut4 #ah4 #aj4 ,sid5ote3 ,s4 #b4 ,if any man or woeman be a wit*1 7t is ha? or consulte? ) a famili> _s17 ,!y %all be put to dea?4 #c4 ,sid5ote3 ,lev4 #bd4 #ae1 #af4 ,sid5ote3 ,s4 #c4 ,if any man %all ,blaspheme ! "n ( god1 ! fa!r1 ,sonne or ,holie gho/1 ) direct1 expresse1 presumptu\s or high h&$ blasphemie1 or %all curse god 9 ! l mann]1 he %all be put to dea?4 ,,! ,,f9al ,,victory ,,9 ,,! ,,long ,,/ruggle ,two ,bapti/ organizations 9 close sympa?y ) ea* o!r contribut$ mu* t[>d ! f9al victory4 ,!y made appeals to _! imm$iate con/itu5cy & also to ! l>g] foll[+ ( all ,bapti/s & o!r lov]s ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,^! 7 ! ,w>r5 ,association 9 ,new ,engl&1 & ! ,g5]al ,committee 9 ,virg9ia4 ,ea* _h a committee ( grievances4 ,! ,bapti/s 7 nobly assi/$ by ,presbyt]ians & ,quak]s 9 ! f9al /ages ( ! great conflict4 ,isaac ,backus wrote 8 immortal "w on 8,a ,hi/ory ( ,new ,engl&1 ) ,especial ,ref]5ce to ! ,bapti/s40 ,he draft$ appeals = ! ,association & = ! committee on grievances to ! ,g5]al ,assembly1 publi%$ addresses on religi\s lib]ty1 & ins]t$ adv]tisem5ts 9 lead+ pap]s4 ,he believ$ t p>tial hi/ory & false /atem5ts reg>d+ ,bapti/ hi/ory & doctr9es %\ld be remov$ by scatt]+ imp>tial & true k4 ,he 0 a ,bapti/ giant & _h 8 %>e 9 =m+ s5tim5t1 :i* ev5tually made religi\s intol]ation impossible 9 ,am]ica4 ,isaac ,backus1 ) ,presid5t ,mann+1 ( ,br[n ,univ]sity1 !n ,rhode ,isl& ,college1 w5t to ,philadelphia & ) ,quak]s & o!rs appeal$ to ,john ,adams & o!r ,massa*usetts delegates 9 ,c>p5t] ,hall1 ,philadelphia4 ,^! advocates ( s\l-lib]ty took ! position t to pay taxes to support a *ur* cl]gy 9 :i* !y did n believe 0 z mu* a wrong z to pay taxes = a gov]nm5t 9 :i* !y _h no repres5tation4 ,x 0 n ! paltry tax ( f\rp5ce a man t ! coloni/s 9 ,massa*usetts rebell$ aga9/4 ,x 0 ! pr9ciple t 0 back ( pay+ ! p5ce :i* !y oppos$4 ,!y 7 greatly amaz$ :5 ,john ,adams told !m t _! own colony1 ,massa*usetts1 _h 8! mo/ mild & equitable e/abli%m5t ( religion t 0 kn[n 9 ! _w40 ,illu/ration3 ,william ,rog]s ,james ,mann+ ,isaac ,backus ,^! m5 7 all connect$ ) ! op5+ ( ! fir/ ,bapti/ college 9 ,am]ica4 ,james ,mann+ 0 ! fir/ presid5t2 ,isaac ,backus1 a memb] ( ! orig9al bo>d ( tru/ees2 ,william ,rog]s1 ! fir/ /ud5t4 ,! ,virg9ia ,bapti/s1 ?r\gh _! ,g5]al ,conv5tion1 organiz$ 9 #aghd1 unit$ ! ef=ts ( ! ,bapti/s !re & 9 ,new ,engl& = ! f9al phases ( ! w> aga9/ religi\s tyranny4 ,= f\r ye>s !y _h work$ = lib]ty 9 _! ,/ate laws & _h won a complete victory4 ,!n1 9 #aghh1 !y turn$ to ! national issue4 ,! ,f$]al ,con/itution _h provid$ 9 ,article ,,vi1 8,no religi\s ,te/ %all ev] be requir$ z a qualification to any ,(fice or public ,tru/ "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates40 ,?is did n satisfy ! ,bapti/s1 because religi\s te/s might be impos$ = o!r purposes ?an ^? specifi$4 ,9 a noble lett]1 draft$ by ,john ,lel&1 a ,bapti/ m9i/]1 !y appeal$ to ,wa%+ton4 ,!y paid a high complim5t to 8 a*ievem5ts & !n /at$ _! grievance1 clos+ ) ^! words3 ,if religi\s lib]ty is r insecure 9 ! ,con/itution ! adm9i/ration w c]ta9ly prev5t all oppression1 = a ,,wa%+ton w preside4 ,%\ld ! horrid evils t h be5 s pe/if]\s 9 ,asia & ,europe1 faction1 ambition1 w>1 p]fidy1 fraud1 & p]secution = consci5ce sake1 ev] approa* ! bord]s ( our happy nation1 may ! "n & adm9i/ration ( our belov$ ,presid5t1 l ! radiant s\rce ( day1 scatt] all ! d>k cl\ds f ! ,am]ican hemisph]e4 ,wa%+ton repli$ t 8 ideals 7 ! same1 assur+ !m ( ?is1 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,no "o w\ld be m zeal\s ?an myself to e/abli% effectual b>ri]s aga9/ ! horrors ( spiritual tyranny & e species ( religi\s p]secution4 ,he complim5t$ ! ,bapti/s & said t !y h be51 ?r\gh\t ,am]ica1 uni=mly & almo/ unanim\sly1 ! firm fri5ds to civil lib]ty1 & ! p]sev]+ promot]s ( our glori\s revolution4 ,8 assurance 0 n empty words4 ,9 a %ort "t ,james ,madison1 ) ! ,presid5t's approval1 submitt$ c]ta9 am5dm5ts4 ,article ,,vi 0 sup]s$$ by ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution1 :i* specifi$3 ,congress %all make no law respect+ an e/abli%m5t ( religion1 or prohibit+ ! free ex]cise !re(2 or abridg+ fre$om ( spee*1 or ( ! press2 or ! "r ( ! p peaceably to assemble1 & to petition ! ,gov]nm5t = a r$ress ( grievances4 ,?us ! long fight 0 won 9 ,am]ica1 & n[ p g5]ally appreciate ! importance ( ! victory ga9$4 ,rhode ,isl& may h hesitat$ to accept ! imp]fect ,con/itution1 ) its lack ( assurance = complete religi\s lib]ty4 ,9 ?is connection we %\ld n =get t ,massa*usetts & ,connecticut 7 ! la/ to ratify ! ,fir/ ,am5dm5t4 ,,vii ,,! ,,_w-,,wide ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams' ,,ideal 8,! _w mu/ be made safe = democracy4 ,its peace mu/ be plant$ ^u tru/$ f\ndations ( political lib]ty40--,presid5t ,wilson's ,w> ,message to ,congress1 #aiag4 ,till ! w>-drum ?robb'd no long]1 & ! battle-flags 7 furl'd ,9 ! ,p>liam5t ( man1 ! ,f$]ation ( ! _w4 ,!re ! common s5se ( mo/ %all hold a fretful realm 9 awe1 ,& ! k9dly e>? %all slumb]1 lapt 9 univ]sal law4 --,alfr$ ,t5nyson4 ,a day w come :5 bullets & bombs %all be replac$ by ballots1 by ! univ]sal suffrages ( ! p1 by ! sacr$ arbitram5t ( a great ,sov]eign ,s5ate4444 ,a day w come :5 we %all face ^? two imm5se gr\ps1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,europe1 9 face ( ea* o!r1 ext5d+ h& to h& ov] ! ocean1 ex*ang+ _! products1 _! comm]ce1 _! indu/ry1 _! art1 _! g5ius cle>+ ! e>?1 coloniz+ des]ts1 & ameliorat+ creation "u ! eye ( ! ,creator4 ,to y1 ,i appeal1 ,fr5*1 ,engli%1 ,g]mans1 ,russians1 ,slavs1 ,europeans1 ,am]icans1 :at h we to d to ha/5 ! com+ ( ! great day8 ,,love ,,"o ,,ano!r4--,victor ,hugo4 ,i ask$ him 7,premi] ,lloyd ,george7 :at message he w\ld s5d to ,am]ican ,bapti/s4 ,quick z a fla%1 he turn$ & said3 8,tell !m t x is ,bapti/ pr9ciples t we are fight+ = 9 ?is great /ruggle4 ,all t ,bapti/s c\nt de> is at /ake 9 ?is issue40--,lloyd ,george to ,george ,coleman1 ,presid5t1 ,nor!rn ,bapti/ ,conv5tion4 ,f ! latt]'s spee* at ,atlantic ,city1 ,n4 ,j41 ,may1 #aiah4 ,,! ,,_w-,,wide ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams' ,,ideal ,rog] ,williams1 z a man ( vision1 0 exp]im5t+ ) a new idealism4 ,8 ideas1 n[ g5]ally accept$1 h made absolute religi\s lib]ty1 ) its complete sep>ation ( ,*ur* & ,/ate1 an idea almo/ synonym\s ) ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica4 ,t lonely man1 9 ! smalle/ ( ! colonies1 set ! pace = ! o!r twelve orig9al commonweal?s & e/abli%$ a national patt]n = ! =ty-eight ,/ates 9 ! pres5t ,union4 ,our cup ( bless+ has ov]fl[$1 & today ! :ole _w is awak+ to ! bless+s 9 /ore = !m if !y p>take ( ! same privileges4 8,mank9d has pursu$ lib]ty ov] m\nta9 & across valley10 writes ,pres4 ,e4 ,y4 ,mull9s1 by l& & by sea1 ?r\gh fire & ?r\gh flood1 s9ce ! fir/ man caught a glimpse ( lib]ty's :ite robes lead+ on to victory4 ,! love ( victory is n[ a volcanic fire :i* breaks out into revolution & consumes & de/roys ! anci5t fabrics ( gov]nm5t1 & n[ x is a tide ( life :i* rolls across ! face ( nations1 caus+ !m to bur/ into ! beauty & fragrance ( a new spr+time4 ,! _s ( lib]ty 9 its que/ = ! goal ( its desire has s\nd$ all ! notes 9 ! gamut ( human exp]i5ce1 f ! m9or notes ( abject despair to ! r++ pan ( victory ov] e foe4 ,! ,bapti/ *ur*es ( ,am]ica1 ! tor*-be>]s ( religi\s or s\l-lib]ty1 h gr[n f ! "o *ur* :i* ,williams f\nd$ 9 ,provid5ce into a mighty ho/4 ,f twelve memb]s 9 "o *ur* organization 9 #afci t d5om9ation has gr[n 9 ,am]ica until today1 accord+ to ! late/ gov]nm5t /ati/ics1 x has ! l>ge/ memb]%ip ( any ,prote/ant d5om9ation 9 ,am]ica1 #g1bcf1fej4 ,its "o prea*] has become a great ho/ ( #ci1gcd1 s]v+ #ec1acc *ur*es4 ,in/ead ( "o college ) "o /ud5t 9 #agfd1 x n[ has #dfc s*ools 9 ,am]ica1 ) #fh1eac /ud5ts4 ,in/ead ( "o lone mission>y to ! ,indians1 x n[ has a l>ge army ( mission>ies 9 ! home & =eign fields4 ,doctor ,ma/]s1 ,secret>y ( ,publicity ( ! ,home ,mission ,bo>d ( ! ,s\!rn ,bapti/ ,conv5tion1 9 tabulat+ ! figures f ! prelim9>y /ati/ics furni%$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus ,dep>tm5t1 calls our att5tion to ! fact t ! approximate ,bapti/ population ( ,am]ica1 includ+ memb]s & o!r adh]5ts1 is tw5ty-two millions4 ,! ,bapti/s are ?us 9 ! lead ( e d5om9ation1 ,ca?olic or ,prote/ant1 9 ,am]ica2 our net ga9 = t5 ye>s is ! greate/ ( all d5om9ations1 #bh p] c5t1 comp>$ ) #aj4h p] c5t ( ! ,roman ,ca?olics4 ,he gives ! comp>ative /r5g? ( ,romani/s & evangelicals 9 ,am]ica z eighty million evangelicals to #ae1gjj1jjj ,roman ,ca?olics4 ,be=e ! days ( ! great w>1 ,pres4 ,e4 ,y4 ,mull9s1 ) prophetic vision wrote3 ,we are approa*+ ! ,bapti/ age ( ! _w1 because we are approa*+ ! age ( ! triumph ( democracy4 ,l a v9e gr[+ 9 ! d>kness ( "s deep cav]n1 & sl[ly /ret*+ itself t[>d ! dim light %9+ 9 ?r\gh ! di/ant m\? ( ! cav]n1 s has humanity sl[ly crept on t[>d fre$om4 ,! mighty hordes ( ! ,asiatic & ,european _w1 we>y & sad yet c\rage\s & resolute1 are ha/5+ =w>d ) unre/+ feet t[>d ! gates ( de/9y4 ,t[>d ^? gates ^! hundr$s ( ye>s ! ,bapti/s h be5 po9t+1 & today 9 ! =emo/ files ( "t !y lead ! way4 ,z humanity ent]s !y w %\t ) ! full k t ,god 9 ,*ri/ has l$ all ! way4444 ,& ! goal ( human progress %all be realiz$ 9 an et]nal society :]e9 absolute democracy is jo9$ to absolute mon>*y1 ,god ! ,fa!r be+ ! mon>*1 & 8 p a va/ family ( free *ildr54 ,true political lib]ty is ! *ild ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,x mu/ look to fre$om ( ! s\l z a *ild does to its "m = bir?1 protection1 & provision4 ,political an>*y is ! usual result ( a p seek+ full lib]ty by ignor+ or neglect+ ! support :i* religion br+s to man's moral nature4 ,x is a long road to political lib]ty1 b x is a road :i* has run p>allel ) religi\s lib]ty4 ,x is int]e/+ to note ! ,am]icanization ( ! _w4 ,!re 7 few democracies :5 our ,republic 0 born4 ,our victory ov] tyranny 0 an inspiration to oppress$ peoples4 ,! ,fr5* foll[$ %ortly aft]w>d4 ,:]ev] ,napoleon w5t1 he held al(t ! bann] ( equality & lib]ty4 ,he grant$ ! latt] "u a =m ( gov]nm5t by :i* he became emp]or4 ,aft] almo/ a c5tury1 ,france ga9$ bo?4 ,napoleon's exile to ,/4 ,hel5a did n u%] 9 a re/oration ( ! old] ,european ord]4 ,national sov]eignty & con/itutional gov]nm5t 7 ! con/itu5t p>ts ( a lib]ty ! p w\ld n be d5i$ 9 almo/ all ! c\ntries ( ,europe4 ,9 ,italy1 ,*>les ,alb]t1 ,k+ ( ,savoy1 ,s>d9ia1 & ,pi$mont1 gave 8 p a con/itutional =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,?\gh oppos$ by ! papal ,/ates & ,au/ria1 ?is movem5t grew until1 "u ,k+ ,emmanuel1 ,cav\r1 & ,g>ibaldi1 all ,italy 0 unit$ & free4 ,d5m>k foll[$ 9 #ahdi1 ,greece 9 #ahff1 & ,spa9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! ,*ri/ians ( ! ,balkan ,p59sula revolt$ f ! ,turks 9 #ahge1 & 7 recogniz$ a p[] by ! great] p[]s & 7 giv5 a con/itutional gov]nm5t4 ,9 #aiaj ,portugal bani%$ royalty & welcom$ democracy4 ,russia1 9 #aiag1 ?rew (f ! %ackles ( autocracy = ^? ( an>*y4 ,:5 %e awakes f h] delirium %e w d\btless see ! true light & foll[ x4 ,! ,am]icanization ( ,asia is mov+ rapidly =w>d4 ,9 #aheb ,commodore ,p]ry--by a /range provid5ce f ,rhode ,isl&--=c$ op5 ! door into ,japan4 ,! %oguns1 ma/]s = c5turies1 lo/ _! p[]4 ,!n ! ,mikado = tw5ty ye>s took _! autocratic p[]s to himself b 0 compell$ aft] t to give 8 p a lib]al con/itutional =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,! ,*9ese nation1 ho>y ) age1 ent]$ ! li/ ( democracies 9 #aiaa1 becom+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,*9a4 ,! ,%ah ( ,p]sia1 aft] a brok5 promise :i* br\ght on a revolution1 gave 8 p1 9 #aijf1 a con/itutional =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,! ,"y ,turks 9 #aiji1 aft] compell+ ,abdul ,hamid ,,ii to abdicate1 plac$ ,mohamm$ ,v on ! ?rone z 8 successor4 ,prior to ! ,great ,w> !y _h :at is at lea/ an approa* to ! new] con/itutional ideals ( ! mod]n _w4 ,! l&s to ! s\? ( u h _! /ruggle t[>d ! same desir$ goal4 ,! ,republic ( ,mexico ne$s a religi\s & educational prep>ation :i* w l>gely solve1 among t unassimilat$ conglom]ation ( ,indians1 negroes1 & me/izos1 ! problem ( /able gov]nm5t4 ,let ! religi\s lead]s ( ,mexico1 :o h tri$ = c5turies ) _! religi\s autocratic sy/ems1 give way = a s+le g5]ation to ! evangelical *ur*es ) _! democratic idealisms & ! un*a9$ ,bible1 & !n revolutions & immorality w fade away1 & ! l&1 s desolat$ 9 rec5t ye>s1 w blossom l ! rose4 ,:5 ,napoleon defeat$ ! mon>*s ( ,europe & _! sy/em1 he %ook ! confid5ce ( ! p ( ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ica 9 _! abs5t mon>*s across ! seas4 ,s\? ,am]ican nations foll[$ "o by "o into ! class ( democracies4 ,c5tral ,am]ican ,/ates also broke away f _! ,european ma/]s4 ,^! l&s ne$ ! op5 ,bible ( ! evangelical ,*ri/ian *ur*es m ?an our battle%ips & m>9es4 ,:5 sup]/ition is bani%$ by ! light :i* radiates f ! ,bible1 !n ! republics to ! s\? ( u w vie ) u 9 advancem5t & prosp]ity4 ,absolute mon>*y is doom$ 9 ,europe & ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,! sword un%ea!d by ,am]ica mu/ n re/ 9 its scabb>d until democracy is safe 9 ! _w & ! _w is made safe = democracy4 ,belgium outrag$1 ,france desecrat$1 ,great ,brita9 dra9$1 ,russia ble$+ sl[ly to dea?1 & all ,europe a %ambles1 may f9d 9 ! ideals ( ,rog] ,williams heal+ = _! w\nds & heal? = ! com+ ye>s4 ,due honor %\ld be giv5 to e colony build] ( ! ,new ,_w4 ,great 7 _! suff]+ & sacrifices4 ,all praise to o!rs ( ! vangu>d !n1 ,to ,spa91 to ,france1 to ,baltimore & ,p5n4 ,to ,jesuit1 ,quak]1 ,puritan1 & ,prie/1 ,_! toils be cr[n$1 _! honors be increas$4 ,give praise to o!rs e>ly come or late1 ,= love & labor on our %ip ( /ate4 ,by fai? ! ,pilgrims left old ,engl&1 & soj\rn$ 9 ,holl& z 9 a /range c\ntry4 ,by fai? !y tru/$ _! all to ,god & ! ,mayfl[]4 ,by fai? !y endur$ ! h>d%ips ( t fir/ w9t] & f\nd$ _! colony 9 :i* !y s\ght to honor ,god accord+ to ! tru? z !y saw x4 ,all honor to ! fai? ( our ,pilgrim ,fa!rs4 ,9 hope ! ,puritans left _! native l&1 seek+ n a sep>ation f ! "m ,*ur* b r purification ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,ord]4 ,9 hope !y f\nd$ ,salem & ,bo/on & o!r t[ns ab\t ! ,massa*usetts ,bay4 ,9 hope !y laid /rong ! f\ndations :i* aft]w>d l$ to ! victories ( ,lex+ton & ,bunk] ,hill4 ,all honor to ! ,puritan build]s ( a great commonweal?1 ! ,new ,am]ica4 ,?r\gh *>ity ,rog] ,williams fl$ into ! dep?s ( sn[y =e/s & cross$ froz5 /reams1 to =m among savage tribes a new colony :]e no man w\ld be d5i$ political privileges because ( religi\s belief4 ,?r\gh *>ity he =gave ^? :o exil$ him & at ! risk ( 8 own life sav$ ,puritan & ,pilgrim f an imp5d+ ,indian massacre4 ,?r\gh *>ity he %>$ 8 pur*as$ possessions gratuit\sly ) o!rs4 ,?r\gh *>ity he =m$ ! immortal compact b9d+ m5 toge!r 8only 9 civil ?+s40 ,?r\gh *>ity he sacrific$ 8 humble patrimony1 8 home at ,salem1 & ! e>n+s ( 8 lifetime to safegu>d & protect ! colony he _h f\nd$ = ! joys ( o!rs4 ,?r\gh *>ity he ext5d$ = ! fir/ "t 9 our national hi/ory a lov+ welcome to m5 ( all beliefs into ! new frat]nity ( human he>ts f\nd$ = human helpfulness4 ,rog] ,williams possess$ ! fai? ( ! ,pilgrim & ! hope ( ! ,puritan4 ,fai? & hope gette?1 b *>ity give?4 ,rog] ,williams possess$ ! *>ity ( ,*ri/4 ,he foll[$ 9 ! foot/eps ( 8 ,ma/] along a pa?way ( pa94 ,l ! ,man ( ,galilee1 9 ! olive or*>d & v9e-clad g>d51 & on ! bleak skull-%ap$ hill )\t ! walls ( ,j]usalem1 8 humble s]vant1 ! man ( ,provid5ce1 _h 8 ,ge?semane & ,golgo?a 9 ! froz5 =e/s & on ! sn[-clad hills "u ! w9try skies ( ,new ,engl&4 ,aye1 call x holy gr\nd1 ,! soil :]e fir/ !y trod1 ,!y left un/a9$ :at !re !y f\nd1 ,fre$om to wor%ip ,god4 ,& n[ 9 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 !re abide? ! fai? ( ! ,pilgrim1 ! hope ( ! ,puritan1 & ! *>ity ( ,rog] ,williams2 b ! greate/ ( ^! is *>ity4 ,,/udy ,,outl9e ,,( ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,times ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams ,i ,,rog] ,,williams ,,& ,,8 ,,times #a4 ,rise & ,developm5t ( ,engli% ,puritanism3 ,re=mation 9 ,engl&1 f ,wyclif to ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,re=mation "u ,h5ry ,,viii1 ,edw>d ,,vi1 & ,elizabe?4 ,influ5ce ( ! ,m>ian exiles4 ,rise ( ,engli% ,puritanism4 ,influ5ce & mission ( ,?omas ,c>twright & ,rob]t ,br[ne4 ,gr[? ( ,presbyt]ianism & indep5d5cy4 ,orig9 ( ,briti% ,bapti/s 79 ,wales & ,engl&74 #b4 ,contemporane\s ,colonial ,settlem5ts3 ,! ,plym\? ,pilgrims4 ,! ,dor*e/] ,adv5tur]s4 ,naumkeag settl]s4 ,endicott ,company at ,salem4 ,w9?rop ,company at ,bo/on4 ,connecticut settl]s4 ,e>ly ,dut* & ,virg9ia settlem5ts4 7,/udy idealism1 orig91 vitality ( ea*47 #c4 ,indian ,pr$ecessors ( ,rog] ,williams & ,puritans3 ,tribal settlem5ts1 _! ideas1 cu/oms1 & moral /atus4 ,ideas ( s\l-lib]ty among ! ,indians4 ,priority ( ,williams' ,indian mission>y "w4 ,labors ( ,eliot & o!rs4 ,,ii ,,rog] ,,williams1 ,,8 ,,life ,,& ,,a*ievem5ts #a4 ,life ,prior to ,exile f ,engl&1 #afjb-afbi3 ,8 bir? & education4 ,religi\s f]m5t 9 ,engl&4 ,8 love affairs1 m>riage1 & exile4 #b4 ,9 ,new ,engl& ,prior to ,settlem5t 9 ,provid5ce1 #afbi-afcf3 ,exp]i5ces 9 ,bo/on1 ,salem1 ,plym\?1 ! wild]ness1 & ,seekonk4 #c4 ,provid5ce ,plantations ,prior to ,fir/ ,*>t]1 #afcf-afdd3 ,arrival4 ,reception by ,indians4 ,fir/ de$s to prop]ty4 ,baptism4 ,e>ly gov]nm5t4 ,indian tr\bles4 ,neighbors at ,pawtuxet1 ,w>wick1 ,portsm\?1 & ,black/one4 ,williams' fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,fir/ *>t]4 ,indian trad+-po/ ne> ,wick=d4 ,8 fir/ writ+s4 #d4 ,provid5ce "u ! ,fir/ ,*>t]1 #afdd-affc3 ,gr[? ( colony4 ,indian difficulties4 ,codd+ton's claims4 ,opposition f ! ,unit$ ,colonies4 ,williams' second visit to ,engl&4 ,8 writ+s4 ,"w ( 8 colabor]1 ,john ,cl>ke1 ( ,newport1 9 secur+ second *>t]4 #e4 ,gr[?1 ,de/ruction1 & ,rebuild+ ( ,provid5ce1 #affc-afgf3 ,g5]al pre-,indian ,w> prosp]ity4 ,! ,quak]s4 ,! debate & ,williams' writ+s4 ,indian ,w> ) ,k+ ,philip4 ,recon/ruction4 #f4 ,clos+ ,days & ,dea? ( ,rog] ,williams3 ,(ficial position4 ,retirem5t & dea?4 ,burial4 ,lat] removal ( du/4 #g4 ,provid5ce aft] ! ,dea? ( its ,f\nd]3 ,comm]cially1 religi\sly1 educationally1 & politically4 ,its glori\s %>e 9 ! ,revolution>y ,w>4 ,its glory among ! bro!rhood ( ,/ates4 ,gr[? ( its ideal ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,,iii ,,! ,,evolution ,,( ,,! ,,rog] ,,williams ,,ideal ,,( ,,s\l-,,lib]ty #a4 ,prior to ,days ( ,williams3 ,! pione]s1 ! pr$ecessors ( ,williams1 & ! cont9uity ( ! /ruggle = s\l-lib]ty among ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,! "w ( ! ,anabapti/s or ,bapti/s 9 ! ,d>k ,ages 9 nor!rn ,italy1 ,switz]l&1 ,g]many1 ,holl&1 & ,engl& & ,wales4 ,/udy _! publi%$ confessions on ! subject ( s\l-lib]ty4 #b4 ,contempor>ies ( ,rog] ,williams3 ,! ,g5]al & ,p>ticul> ,bapti/s ( ,engl&4 ,a consid]ation ( ! ideals ( tol]ation1 lib]ty ( consci5ce1 & absolute s\l-lib]ty 9 ! settlem5ts ( ,p5nsylvania1 ,m>yl&1 ,virg9ia1 ,massa*usetts ,bay ,colony1 ,connecticut2 & ! ,indian's position also4 ,comp>e all ^! ) ! peculi> position ( ,rog] ,williams4 #c4 ,successors ( ,rog] ,williams3 ,! ,am]ican ,bapti/s4 ,/udy especially ! ,w>r5 ,bapti/ ,association ) its committee on grievances4 ,/udy ! "w ( ! ,philadelphia ,bapti/ ,conv5tion4 ,/udy also ! "w ( ! ,bapti/s 9 o!r ,/ates4 ,coop]ation ( ,quak]s1 ,presbyt]ians1 & o!rs4 ,,iv ,,! ,,_w-,,wide ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,rog] ,,williams' ,,ideal ,political democracy1 a fruit ( religi\s lib]ty4 ,! onw>d m>* ( democracy 9 ,am]ica1 ,europe1 ,asia1 & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,! _w w> & ! _w-wide /ruggle = democracy4 ,pres5t /atus ( ! _w z to religi\s lib]ty & z to political democracy4 7,take a map & indicate ! same47 ,a ,,select$ ,,bibliography ,biographies3 ,backus1 8,hi/ory ( ,new ,engl&40 7,fir/ hi/ory 9 :i* ,williams' life-/ory is told at l5g?47 ,kn[les1 8,memoir ( ,rog] ,williams40 ,gammell1 8,life ( ,rog] ,williams40 ,elton1 8,life ( ,rog] ,williams40 ,/raus1 8,rog] ,williams1 ,pione] ( ,religi\s ,lib]ty40 ,c>p5t]1 8,rog] ,williams1 ,a ,political ,pione]40 ,hall1 8,rog] ,williams40 ,orig9al ,docum5ts3 8,complete ,writ+s ( ,rog] ,williams10 ,n>ragansett ,club ,publications4 ,brad=d1 8,! ,brad=d ,hi/ory40 ,w9?rop1 8,hi/ory ( ! ,puritans40 ,*ap91 8,docum5t>y ,hi/ory ( ,rhode ,isl&40 ,e>ly ,colonial ,records4 ,e>ly ,records ( ! ,t[n ( ,provid5ce4 ,vols4 ,,iii1 ,,iv1 ,v1 ,,viii4 ,cotton1 8,magnalia40 ,g5]al ,hi/ories3 ,arnold1 8,hi/ory ( ,rhode ,isl&40 ,/aples1 8,annals ( ,provid5ce40 ,gre5e1 8,provid5ce ,plantations = #bej ,ye>s40 ,ri*man1 8,rhode ,isl&1 ,its ,mak+ & its ,mean+40 ,evolution ( ,s\l-lib]ty3 ,k+1 8,religi\s ,lib]ty40 ,ivimey1 8,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,bapti/s40 ,g5]al ,bapti/ ,*ur* ,hi/ories1 by ,b5$ict1 ,armitage1 ,newman1 ,ca?c>t1 ,v$d]1 etc4 ,mull9s1 8,axioms ( ,religion40 ,hi/oric ,spots3 ,guild1 8,footpr9ts ( ,rog] ,williams40 ,hopk9s1 8,! ,home ,lots ( ! ,e>ly ,settl]s40 ,/ate ( ,rhode ,isl&1 8,report ( ,committee on ,m>k+ ( ,hi/oric ,sites 9 ,rhode ,isl&40 ,rid]1 8,l&s ( ,rhode ,isl& z ,!y ,7 ,kn[n to ,canonicus40 ,fiction3 ,butt]wor?1 8,9 ! ,days ( ,massasoit40 ,hall1 8,! ,gold5 ,arr[40 ,durfee1 ! epic poem1 8,:at ,*e]40 ,o!r ,books & ,pamphlets3 ,h4 ,m4 ,k+1 8,baptism ( ,rog] ,williams10 8,summ] ,visit ( ,?ree ,rhode ,isl&]s10 8,! ,"m ,*ur*10 8,! ,true ,rog] ,williams10 8,life ( ,john ,miles10 8,hi/orical ,catalog ( ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*40 ,kimball1 8,provid5ce 9 ,colonial ,times40 ,dext]1 8,z to ,rog] ,williams' ,bani%m5t40 ,burrage1 8,:y ,0 ,rog] ,williams ,bani%$80 ,m]riman1 8,pilgrim1 ,puritan1 & ,rog] ,williams40 ,dorr1 8,! ,plant+ & ,gr[? ( ,provid5ce40 ,burgess1 8,reconciliation ( ,gov]nm5t ) ,lib]ty40 ,eaton1 8,rog] ,williams1 ! ,f\nd] ( ,provid5ce40 ,durfee1 8,complete ,works ( ,job ,durfee40 ,backus ,hi/orical ,society1 8,elem5ts 9 ,bapti/ ,developm5t40 ,notable ,addresses3 ,z4 ,allan1 8,memorial ( ,rog] ,williams40 ,w4 ,h4 ,p4 ,faunce1 8,rog] ,williams & ,8 ,doctr9e ( ,s\l ,lib]ty40 ,m[ry1 8,conc]n+ ,rog] ,williams40 ,durfee1 8,oration on #bej? ,anniv]s>y40 ,rabbi ,a4 ,simon1 8,?anksgiv+ ,address on ,rog] ,williams40 ,diman1 8,address at ,unveil+ ( ,/atue ( ,rog] ,williams at ,rog] ,williams ,p>k40 ,proce$+s 9 ,congress on ,receiv+ ! ,rog] ,williams ,/atue4 ,,an ,,it9]>y ,,= ,a ,,hi/oric ,,pilgrimage ,i ,,places ,,( ,,int]e/ ,,outside ,,( ,,rhode ,,isl& ,9 ,engl&3 ,*>t]h\se ,s*ool4 ,pembroke ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,9 ,am]ica3 ,salem3 ,site ( ,fir/ ,meet+ ,h\se4 ,! orig9al old ,fir/ ,*ur*4 ,! ,orig9al ,rog] ,williams ,h\se 7,! ,wit* ,h\se74 ,plym\?3 ,coles ,hill4 ,! ,burial ,hill4 ,h>bor4 ,! ,m]e/eads4 ,bo/on & ,vic9ity3 ,orig9al ,brad=d ,hi/ory 9 ,/ate ,h\se4 ,site ( ,meet+ ,h\se :]e trial took place 7,dun/] & ,meet+ ,/reets1 ,cambridge74 ,site ( old ,fir/ ,*ur*4 ,new ,york ,city3 ,rog] ,williams' ,wat*1 9 ,fraunce's ,tav]n4 ,,ii ,,places ,,( ,,int]e/ ,,9 ,,rhode ,,isl& ,9 ,provid5ce3 ,/udy a map ( ! orig9al ,home ,lots 9 relation to ! pres5t /reets ( ,provid5ce4 7,hopk9s1 8,home ,lots10 is good47 ,capitol ,build+3 ,! ,orig9al ,*>t] f ,*>les ,,ii4 ,! ,orig9al ,portsm\? ,compact 9 ,secret>y ( ,/ate's ,(fice4 ,c\rt ,h\se3 ,grant's picture ( ,l&+ ( ,williams4 ,city ,hall3 ,orig9al ,de$s f ! ,indians4 ,williams' ,lett] ( transf]5ce4 ,orig9al ,compact ( ,provid5ce ,settl]s4 ,civic ,c5t]3 ,symbolical ,/atu>y on ,po/ ,(fice ,build+4 ,civic ,c5t] is probably ! site ( ,williams' baptism4 ,! ,rhode ,isl& ,hi/orical ,society's ,build+3 ,! ,apple ,tree ,roots f ,grave ( ,williams1 8 ,compass1 etc4 ,john ,hay ,libr>y3 ,copy ( ,rog] ,williams' ,indian ,bible4 ,john ,c>t] ,br[n ,libr>y3 ,orig9al ,copies ( ,williams' books & lett]s4 ,br[n ,univ]sity4 ,site ( ,t[n ,meet+s at ,entrance to ,tunnel4 ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*3 ,! ,bell4 ,specim5 f ,:at ,*e] ,rock 9 ,lobby4 ,pictures ( ,pa/ors1 etc4 ,p>don ,till+ha/'s ,grave1 ,b5efit ,/reet ne> ,transit4 ,:at ,*e] ,rock1 ,rog] & ,williams ,/reets4 ,sab9 ,tav]n1 ,s\? ,ma9 ,/reet & ,transit1 ,:]e ,gaspee ,plot 0 hat*$4 ,old ,s*ool ,h\se on ,meet+ ,/reet ,opposite to ?is1 ,site ( ,fir/ ,po/ ,(fice4 ,old ,/ate ,h\se1 :]e ,fir/ ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce 0 sign$4 ,site ( ,spr+1 #bdd ,nor? ,ma9 ,/reet4 ,site ( ,rog] ,williams ,h\se1 ,nor? ,ma9 & ,alamo ,/reets4 ,grave ( ,rog] ,williams1 re> ( ,/able1 #ajh ,b5efit ,/reet4 ,nor? ,burial ,gr\nd3 ,canonicus ,rock4 ,r&all ,tomb4 7,removal ,place = ,du/ ( ,williams47 ,graves ( ,mann+ & ,wayl&4 ,memorial to ,*ad ,br[n4 ,hopk9s ,squ>e3 ,grave & ,monum5t to ,admiral ,hopk9s1 ,*>les ,/reet & ,bran* ,av5ue4 ,! ,home ( ,admiral ,hopk9s on ,admiral ,/reet4 ,rog] ,williams ,p>k3 ,/atue ( ,williams4 ,museum ) ,indian ,relics & ,model ( ,indian ,village4 ,out f ,provid5ce3 ,=t ,indep5d5ce ,site at ,field's ,po9t4 ,gaspee ,po9t beyond4 ,drum ,rock1 ,apponaug4 ,grave ( ,ezekiel ,holliman1 ,%awomet4 ,site ( ,williams' ,trad+-po/1 ,wick=d4 ,indian ,soap/one ,qu>ry1 ,john/on4 ,b>r+ton1 ,r4 ,i4 ,pi]ce's ,fight1 ,c5tral ,falls4 ,sites at ,newport3 ,t[n ( ,portsm\? on ,isl&4 ,site ( ,gov]nor ,bull's ,h\se4 ,fir/ ,bapti/ ,*ur*4 ,graves ( ,cl>ke & ( ,codd+ton4 ,old ,h\ses3 ,gilb]t ,/u>t's ,h\se1 ,nor? ,k+/on4 ,na?anael ,gre5e's ,h\se1 ,cumb]l&4 ,reynolds' ,h\se 7,headqu>t]s ( ,lafayette71 ,bri/ol4 ,prescott's ,headqu>t]s1 ,portsm\?4 ,/eph5 ,hopk9s' ,h\se1 ,hopk9s ,/reet1 ,provid5ce4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,italics are %[n ?us3 slop+4 ,small capitals h be5 capitalis$4 ,v>iations 9 spell+ & hyph5ation are reta9$4 ,p]ceiv$ typographical errors h be5 *ang$4 ,repetative *apt] head+s h be5 remov$4