,transcrib] ,note ,text emphasis d5ot$ z ,italics & ,bold4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,i4 ,e4 ,w4 ,rob9son ,delt4 et ,sc ,p #ahfe4 ,,! ,,api>y2 ,,or1 ,,bees1 ,,bee-,,hives1 ,,& ,,bee-,,culture4 ,,be+ ,a ,,famili> ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,habits ,,( ,,bees ,,& ,,! ,,mo/ ,,improv$ ,,me?ods ,,( ,,managem5t1 ,,) ,,full ,,directions1 ,,adapt$ ,,= ,,! ,,cottag]1 ,,f>m]1 ,,or ,,sci5tific ,,api>ian4 ,by ,,alfr$ ,,neighb\r4 ,beauc\p de g5s aim5t les abeilles2 je n'ai vu p]sonne qui lea aima mdiocrem5t3 on se passionne p\r elles4--,gelieu4 ,,london3 ,,k5t ,,& ,,co41 ,,pat]no/] ,,r[2 ,,geo4 ,,neighb\r ,,& ,,sons1 #adi1 ,,reg5t ,,/reet1 ,,& #abg1 ,,high ,,holborn2 ,,& ,,all ,,booksell]s4 #ahff4 ,,folk>d ,,& ,,son1 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,devon%ire ,,/reet1 ,,que5 ,,squ>e4 ,illu/ration ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,second ,,edition4 ,x is a s\rce ( mu* gratification to f9d t we are call$ ^u to prep>e ano!r edition ( ?is "w 9 less ?an twelve mon?s f its fir/ publication4 ,no great] pro( c\ld h be5 af=d$ ( ! rapid advance :i* ! pursuit ( bee-keep+ is n[ mak+ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ! hope ( r5d]+ ! pres5t volume m useful & in/ructive ?an its pr$ecessor1 & also 9 ackn[l$gm5t ( ! k9d approbation ) :i* our e>li] ef=ts h be5 receiv$1 we h made sev]al additions1 & tru/ t ! same may prove acceptable to our read]s4 ,illu/ration ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,fir/ ,,edition4 ,our apology = prep>+ a bee-book is a v simple "o4 ,we are s frequ5tly appli$ to = advice on matt]s connect$ ) bees & bee-hives1 t x seem$ likely to prove a great advantage1 alike to our correspond5ts & ourselves1 if we c\ld po9t to a h&y book ( our own1 :i* %\ld conta9 full & detail$ replies suffici5t to meet all ord9>y inquiries4 ,mo/ ( ! api>ian manuals possess "s special excell5ce or o!r1 & we h no wi% to disp>age any ( !m2 yet1 9 all1 we h f\nd a want ( explanations relat+ to sev]al ( ! m rec5t improvem5ts4 ,x has m especially be5 our aim to give explicit & detail$ directions on mo/ subjects connect$ ) ! hiv+ & remov+ ( bees1 & also1 to %[ h[1 by judici\s application ( ! depriv+ sy/em1 ! productive p[]s ( ! bees may be enorm\sly increas$4 ,we ne$ say little "h z to ! int]e/ t atta*es to ! api>y z a s\rce ( p]5nial pleasure = ! amateur naturali/4 ,_m ( ! hives & me?ods ( managem5t are describ$ ) a direct ref]5ce to ?is class ( bee-keep]s1 s t1 besides pla9 & simple directions suitable = cottag]s ) _! ord9>y hives1 ?is "w w be f\nd to include in/ructions useful = ! sci5tific api>ian1 or1 at lea/1 valuable1 = ^? :o desire to ga9 a mu* wid] acqua9tance ) ! secrets ( bee-keep+ ?an is n[ usually possess$4 ,we w\ld lay /ress on ! t]m acqua9tance1 = !re is no?+ 9 ! managem5t ( ! v>i\s b>-&-frame hives :i* is at all difficult :5 frequ5t practice has r5d]$ ! bee-keep] famili> ) !m4 ,su* explicit directions are h]e9 giv5 z to h[ ! "r op]ations may be p]=m$ at ! "r times1 t a novice may at once comm5ce to use ! mod]n hives4 ,! ^w new-fangl$ has done good s]vice = ! indol5t & prejudic$1 b we tru/ t our read]s w be ( a v diff]5t class4 ,let !m give a fair trial to ! mod]n appliances = ! humane & depriv+ sy/em ( bee-keep+1 & !y w f9d (f]$ to !m an entirely new field ( int]e/ & obs]vation4 ,at pres5t1 our cont95tal neighb\rs f> surpass u z bee-ma/]s2 b we tru/ t ! foll[+ season1 if ! summ] be f9e1 w prove a turn+ po9t 9 ! c\rse ( ,engli% bee-keep+4 ,!re is little d\bt t a great] numb] ( intellig5t & influ5tial p]sons 9 ?is c\ntry w become bee-keep]s ?an has ev] be5 ! case be=e4 ,our task w\ld h lo/ half its int]e/1 did we n hope t x w\ld result 9 some?+ beyond ! enc\ragem5t ( a ref9$ & int]e/+ amusem5t = ! leisurely classes4 ,! social importance ( bee-keep+1 z a s\rce ( pecuni>y pr(it = small f>m]s & agricultural lab\r]s1 has nev] be5 appreciat$ z x des]ves4 ,yet ^! p]sons w n1 ( !mselves1 lay aside ! bungl+ & wa/eful plan ( de/roy+ ! bees1 or le>n )\t be+ taught ! only prop] me?od1 t ( deprivation4 ,_! educat$ neighb\rs1 :5 once int]e/$ 9 bee-keep+1 w be ! p]sons to introduce ! m pr(itable sy/em ( humane bee-keep+4 ,! cl]gy especially1 z p]man5t resid5ts 9 ! c\ntry1 may h great influ5ce 9 ?is respect4 ,!re is n a rural or suburban p>i% 9 ! k+dom 9 :i* bee-keep+ might n be l>gely ext5d$1 & ! well-be+ ( all b ! v poore/ inhabitants w\ld be greatly promot$4 ,n only w\ld ! g5]al practice ( bee-keep+ add l>gely to ! national res\rces1 b t addition w\ld *iefly fall to ! %>e ( ^? classes to :om x w\ld be ( mo/ value4 ,moreov]1 9 ! c\rse ( ?us add+ to _! income1 ! un$ucat$ classes w\ld become int]e/$ 9 an elevat+ & in/ructive pursuit4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve t honey1 :e!r reg>d$ z a manufactur$ article or z an agricultural product1 is obta9$ "u economical conditions ( exceptional advantage4 ,if reg>d$ z a manufactur$ article1 we notice t !re is no outlay requir$ = lab\r1 nor any exp5se = raw mat]ial4 ,! indu/ri\s lab\r]s are eag] to utilize all _! /r5g?3 !y nev] comb9e except = ! b5efit ( _! ma/]1 !y nev] /rike = wages1 & !y provide _! own subsi/5ce4 ,all t ! ma/]-manufactur] ( honey has to d f9ancially is1 to make a little outlay = fix$ capital 9 ! ne$ful plant ( hives & ut5sils--no float+ capital is ne$$4 ,!n1 on ! o!r h&1 if we reg>d honey z an agricultural product1 x pres5ts z su* a /ill m /rik+ contra/ to ! economi/s' !ory ( :at are ! requisites ( production4 ,n only is !re no outlay ne$$ = wages1 & none = raw mat]ial1 b !re is no?+ to be paid = use ( a natural ag5t4 ,e squ>e y>d ( l& 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom may come to be cultivat$1 z 9 ,*9a1 b no proprietor w ev] be able to claim r5t = ^? wa/e products ( ! fl[]s & leaves :i* none b ! w+$ work]s ( ! hive c ev] utilize4 ,! rec5t dome/ication 9 ,engl& ( ! ,ligurian or ,italian ,alp bee adds a new & additional s\rce ( int]e/ to bee-culture4 ,we h1 !re=e1 gone pretty fully into ?is "p ( ! subject2 & believe t :at is "h publi%$ ) reg>d to _! introduction embodies ! mo/ rec5t & reliable in=mation respect+ !m t is possess$ by ,engli% api>ians4#a ,footnote #a3 ,"s ( our api>ian fri5ds may be incl9$ to be disc\rag$ f cultivat+ ! ,ligurian bees 9 consequ5ce ( ! liability to _! becom+ hybridis$ :5 locat$ 9 proximity to ! black bees4 ,we c dispel ^! fe>s by /at+ t we h n unfrequ5tly f\nd t hybrid que5s possess ! surpris+ fecundity ( ! g5u9e ,italian ones1 :il/ ! ,engli% /ocks 9 c\rse ( "t become /r5g!n$ by ! infusion ( =eign blood4 ,we are "u _m obligations = ! advice & assi/ance t we h on _m occasions receiv$ f ,mr4 ,t4 ,w4 ,woodbury1 ( ,exet]1 ^: api>ian skill is unrivall$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,our ackn[l$gm5ts are also due to ,mr4 ,h5ry ,taylor1 au?or ( an excell5t ,bee-keep]'s ,manual1 = 8 help & c\nsel dur+ ! e>li] ye>s ( our api>ian exp]i5ce4 ,bo? ! be=e-m5tion$ g5tlem5 h frequ5tly communicat$ to u _! contrivances & sugge/ions1 )\t ?\ght ( fee or rew>d = !m4 ,9 common ) mo/ rec5t writ]s on bee-culture1 we are necess>ily l>gely indebt$ to ! /&>d works ( ,hub] & succe$+ api>ians4 ,f ! m rec5t volume ( ! ,rev4 ,l4 ,l4 ,lang/ro? we h also obta9$ useful in=mation4 ,b hav+ ourselves1 ( lat] ye>s1 _h consid]able exp]i5ce 9 ! manipulation & practical managem5t ( bees1 we are enabl$ to confirm or qualify ! /atem5t ( o!rs1 z well z to summ>ize in=mation glean$ f _m v>i\s s\rces4 ,let x be und]/ood1 t we h no pat5t$ devices to pu%3 we are free to *oose out ( ! _m api>ian contrivances t h be5 (f]$ ( late ye>s1 & we feel p]fectly at lib]ty to praise or blame z our exp]i5ce w>rants u 9 do+4 ,x does n foll[ t we necess>ily disp>age hives :i* are n describ$ h]e92 we h s\ght1 z mu* z possible1 to indicate ! pr9ciples on :i* good hives mu/ be con/ruct$1 :atev] _! outw>d size or %ape4 ,all ?r\gh ! "w1 we h endeav\r$ to adopt ! gold5 rule ( submission to ,nature by ref]5ce to :i* all ! fanci$ difficulties ( bee-keep+ may be easily ov]come4 ,9 none ( ! attempts ( m5 to hold sway ov] natural objects is ! tru? ( ,bacon's lead+ doctr9e m beautifully illu/rat$ ?an 9 ! p[] t ! api>ian ex]cises 9 ! little _w ( bees4 ,"s p]sons may consid] we h us$ too _m poetical quotations 9 a book deal+ :olly ) matt]s ( fact4 ,we tru/1 h[ev]1 t ! exam9ation ( ! extracts w at once remove t feel+ ( objection4 ,we v5ture to hope t ! foll[+ pages conta9 _m valuable h9ts & int]e/+ /atem5ts :i* may t5d to excite increas$ & r5ew$ att5tion to ! mo/ useful & indu/ri\s ( all insects4 ,al?\gh bees h nei!r reason nor religion = _! guide1 yet f !m man may le>n _m a lesson ( virtue & indu/ry1 & may ev5 draw f !m ?\ghts sugge/ive ( tru/ & fai? 9 ,god4 ,we beg leave to conclude our preface1 & introduce ! subject1 by ! foll[+ extract f ,%akspe>e1 :o1 )\t d\bt1 kept bees 9 t g>d5 at ,/rat=d :]e9 he us$ to m$itate3-- ,s "w ! honey-bees2 ,creatures t1 by a rule 9 ,nature1 tea* ,! art ( ord] to a peopl$ k+dom4 ,!y h a k+ & (fic]s ( sorts2 ,:]e "s1 l magi/rates1 correct at home2 ,o!rs1 l m]*ants1 v5ture trade abroad2 ,o!rs1 l soldi]s1 arm$ 9 _! /+s1 ,make boot ^u ! ,summ]'s velvet buds1 ,:i* pillage !y1 ) m]ry m>*1 br+ home ,to ! t5t royal ( _! emp]or3 ,:o1 busi$ 9 8 maje/y1 surveys ,! s++ masons build+ ro(s ( gold2 ,! civil citiz5s knead+ up ! honey2 ,! poor me*anic port]s cr[d+ 9 ,_! heavy burd5s at 8 n>r[ gate2 ,! sad-ey$ ju/ice1 ) 8 surly hum4 ,deliv]+ o'er to executors pale ,! lazy1 yawn+ drone4 ,%akspe>e's ,h5ry ,v41 ,act ,i41 ,sc5e #b4 ,illu/ration ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts4 ,preface--,introductory #a ,,section ,i4 ,natural ,hi/ory ( ! ,inhabitants ( ! ,hive #c ,! ,que5 #d ,! ,drone #aa ,! ,work]-bee #ae ,eggs ( ,bees #af ,increase ( ,bees #ah ,sw>m+ #ba ,,section ,,ii4 ,anatomy & ,physiology ( ! ,bee #ca ,head #cd ,?orax1 or ,*e/ #dj ,abdom5 #dd ,,section ,,iii4 ,mod]n ,bee-,hives4 ,nutt's ,collat]al ,hive #ej ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,s+le-,box ,hive #fb ,taylor's ,amateur ,%all[ ,box or ,eight-b> ,hive #fe ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,cottage #fh ,improv$ ,cottage1 )\t ,w9d[s #gf ,ladies' ,obs]vatory or ,cry/al ,bee-hive #gg ,cottag]s' ,hive = tak+ ,honey 9 ,/raw ,caps )\t ! ,de/ruction ( ! ,bees #hj ,woodbury ,b> & ,frame ,hives3--,wood #hd ,/raw #he ,glass #hh ,frame #hi ,improv$ ,comb ,b> #ij ,comp\nd ,b> & ,frame #ia ,sup] & ,cov] #ic ,taylor's ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive #if ,eight-,b> ,/raw #ie ,neighb\r's ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hive #ig ,woodbury #ajb ,/ew>ton or ,ayr%ire ,hive #aji ,hub]'s ,hive #aah ,,section ,,iv4 ,ext]ior ,arrangem5ts & ,app>atus4 ,bee ,h\se to conta9 ,two ,hives #abc ,twelve ,hives #abf ,n9e ,hives #abh ,ev5+ ,?\ghts 9 ,janu>y #abi ,ornam5tal ,z9c ,cov] #aca ,z9c ,cov] #acb ,taylor's ,cov] ( ,z9c #acb ,bell ,glasses #acc ,taylor's ,glasses #acc ,payne's ,glass #acd ,taylor's ,bell ,glass ) lid #ace ,guide-,comb = ,glasses #ace ,ext]ior & ,int]ior ( an ,api>y #ach & #aci ,! ,new ,bottle-,fe$] #adj ,r\nd ,bee-,fe$] #adc ,z9c ,f\nta9 ,bee-,fe$] #add ,honey ,cutt]s #ade ,fumigator #ade ,tube ,fumigator #adg ,bee-,dress or ,protector #adh ,engrav$ ,press+ ,roll]1 = ! ,guidance ( ,bees 9 ! ,con/ruction ( ,honey-comb on ! ,b>s #aej ,impress$ ,wax ,%eets = ,artificial ,combs #aea ,,section ,v4 ,manipulation & ,uses ( ,b> & ,frame ,hives #aeg ,putt+ on ,sup] ,hive #afb ,tak+ out ,frames ) ,combs #afc ,advantages ( ,b> & ,frame ,hives #afh ,artificial ,sw>m+ #afi ,royal ,brood #agc ,que5 ,cages #age ,driv+ #agi ,*ang+ ,old ,/ocks to ,new ,hives #ahb ,weigh+ ,hives1 c4 #ahe ,,section ,,vi4 ,miscellane\s ,in=mation4 ,/+s3 _! ,prev5tion & ,cure #ahi ,poll51 or ,food = ,infant-,bees #aic ,propolis1 or ,bees' ,cem5t #aie ,pa/urage = ,bees #aig ,! ,ligurian or ,italian ,alp ,bee #bjj ,liv+ ,bees at ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 ,s5d+ ,bees to ,au/ralia1 c4 #bac ,bee-keep+ 9 ,london #bae ,wasps & ,mo?s #bbc ,dra9+ ,honey f ! ,combs #bcj ,diseases ( ,bees #bcb ,g5]al ,rem>ks #bch ,on ! ,fir/ ,flight ( ,bees 9 ,spr+ #bej ,,app5dix4 ,te/imonials ( ! ,press4 ,great ,exhibition ( #ahea3-- ,f ! ,cottage ,g>d5] #bee ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news #bee ,express #bee ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb3-- ,f ! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news #bei ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture #bei ,illu/rat$ ,news ( ! ,_w #bfa ,g>d5]'s ,weekly ,magaz9e #bfa ,ba? & ,we/ ( ,engl& ,agricultural ,%[ at ,exet] 9 ,june1 #ahfc3-- ,f ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture #bfd ,we/]n ,times #bfd ,devon ,weekly ,times #bfg ,exet] ,gazette #bfg ,royal ,agricultural ,%[1 ,newca/le1 #ahfd3-- ,f ! ,nor!rn ,daily ,express #bfh ,royal ,agricultural ,%[1 ,plym\?1 #ahfe3-- ,f ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture #bgj 99 99 99 99 99 ,,erratum4 ,at elev5? l9e f bottom ( page #aaa1 = ?ree1 read ^?4 ,transcrib] ,note3 ,correction seems to h be5 made4 ,,description ,,( ,,plates4 ,,plate ,i4--7,frontispiece47 #a4 ,que5-,bee4 #a;a4 ,ant5na ( ditto4 #a;b4 ,h9d leg ( ditto4 #a;c4 ,front view ( head ( ditto4 #a;d4 ,m&ible ( ditto4 #b4 ,work]1 or imp]fect female4 #b;a4 ,ant5na ( ditto4 #b;b4 ,h9d leg ( ditto1 inn] side %[+ ! poll5-bru%es4 #b;b994 ,ditto1 out] side %[+ ! poll5-basket4 #b;c994 ,side view ( head4 #b;c4 ,back view ( ditto1 %[+ ! junction ( ! gullet ) ! ?orax1 & position ( ! tongue & its app5dages4 #b;d4 ,m&ible4 #c4 ,male1 or drone4 #c;a4 ,ant5na ( ditto4 #c;b4 ,h9d leg ( ditto4 #c;c4 ,front view ( head ( ditto4 #c;d4 ,m&ible ( ditto4 ,a4 ,enl>g$ view ( ! w+4 ,b4 ,h9d edge ( =e w+ %[+ ! ?ick5$ m>g91 & =e edge ( h9d w+1 %[+ ! hooks1 :i* hold on to ! ?ick5$ m>g9 ( ! =e w+ & keep !m toge!r dur+ flight4 ,,plate ,,ii4--sc,page #ca4_/sc #a4 ,body ( a bee dive/$ ( ant5n1 legs1 & w+s1 %[+ ! anatomy ( ! ?orax & natural position ( ! /oma*4 #e99 ,! eyes4 a4 ,! ocelli4 bbb4 ,! muscles t move ! w+s4 c4 ,! ext]nal cov]+ ( ! ?orax4 ee4 ,! bases ( ! w+s4 d4 ,! honey-bag1 or fir/ /oma*4 f4 ,! v5tricle1 or true /oma*1 di/5d$ ) food4 g4 ,! rectum4 h4 ,! bili>y vessels4 i4 ,portion ( ! membran\s tissue l9+ ! inn] surface ( ! segm5ts1 & enclos+ ! /oma* & inte/9es4 q4 ,! /oma* empti$ ( its cont5ts1 to %[ ! muscul> contraction ( ! v5tricle4 d4 ,! honey-bag4 f4 ,! v5tricle4 g4 ,! rectum4 h4 ,! bili>y vessels4 i4 ,! ligula1 or tongue1 & its app5dages4 l4 ,! base ( ! ligula4 m4 ,maxill>y palpi4 n4 ,! maxilla4 o4 ,! labial palpi4 p4 ,! tongue4 #d4 ,! /+ & its muscles4 g4 ,! atta*m5t ( ! muscles to ! out] cov]+ ( ! abdom54 r4 ,muscles t move ! /+4 s4 ,curv$ base ( ! %ea?s t enclose ! /+4 t4 ,poison-bag4 u4 ,gl&s connect$ ) ! poison-bag4 v4 ,honey-plates cov]+ ! muscles r1 & to :i* ! %ea?s ( ! /+s are atta*$ at s4 99994 ,base ( /+ connect+ ) ! poison-bag t4 #d994 ,magnifi$ view ( po9t ( /+1 %[+ ! s]rations on ea* side4 #e4 ,?ree hexagonal prisms ( a bee's eye 7,swamm]dam74 #f4 ,abdom9al plates ( ! bee1 deta*$ to %[ ! wax-cells4 #g4 ,eggs ( bee1 natural size1 & magnifi$ 7f ,reaumur7 #h4 ,helm9?imorph\s1 or apodal l>va ( a bee 7,reaumur74 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,api>y ,,or1 ,,bees1 ,,bee-,,hives1 ,,bee-,,culture4 ,!re are two classes ( p]sons = :om bee-culture %\ld h a /rong int]e/1 & two di/9ct purposes = :i* ! pursuit may be foll[$4 ,fir/1 !re is ! cottag] or small f>m]1 :o1 9 ?\s&s ( in/ances1 might add consid]ably to 8 income by bee-keep+2 &1 secondly1 !re is ! man ( retir$ leisure & ref9em5t1 :o1 9 ! p]sonal t5dance ( an api>y1 w\ld f9d an easy & int]e/+ occupation1 & "o :i* c\ld n fail to quick5 8 faculties ( g5]al sci5tific obs]vation4 ,moreov]1 9 contemplat+ ! wond]ful skill1 indu/ry1 & prevision ( 8 insect-artisans1 ! bee-keep] w\ld f9d 9 8 api>y con/ant illu/rations ( creative wisdom4 ,among/ ! humbl] classes 9 ! rural di/ricts1 ! neglect ( bee-keep+ is to be attribut$ to an exagg]at$ idea ( ! tr\ble ne$ful = ! c>e ( a few hives1 & also to ignorance ( ! easi] & m pr(itable me?ods ( mod]n managem5t4 ,_m ( ! weal?i] c\ntry or suburban resid5ts1 also1 are av]se to ! p]sonal tr\ble :i* !y fancy ne$ful 9 keep+ an api>y2 &1 p]haps1 "s g5tlem5 are m afraid ?an !y w\ld l to own ( t v effici5t weapon ( def5ce ) :i* ! honey bee is provid$4 ,b ! prejudices aga9/ bees are q unnecess>y2 bees are z tractable z !y are intellig5t1 & x is ! purpose ( ?is little book to %[ t bee-culture is an easy & safe1 z well z a deeply int]e/+1 pursuit4 ,possibly1 also1 "s :o d u ! fav\r to read our detail$ explanations w see h[ ! rural cl]gyman1 or ! b5evol5t l&lord1 :o keeps an api>y ( 8 own1 may be ( signal s]vice to 8 poor] neighb\rs 9 expla9+ to !m ! my/]ies ( bee-keep+4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,i4--,,natural ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,inhabitants ,,( ,,! ,,hive4 ,e hive or bee colony comprises 9 summ] ?ree di/9ct classes ( bees1 ea* class hav+ functions peculi> to itself1 & :i* are ess5tial to ! well-be+ ( ! :ole community4 ,z ea* bee kn[s its own prop] duties1 !y all "w h>moni\sly & zeal\sly toge!r1 = ! common weal4 ,c]ta9 app>5t exceptions to ! good-fell[%ip ( ! bees w be h]eaft] notic$1 b ^? arise out ( ess5tial conditions 9 ! social economy ( ! bee community4 ,t honey bees %\ld live 9 society1 z !y d 9 hives1 is absolutely ne$ful4 ,a bee1 9 an isolat$ condition1 is a v helpless1 delicate little creature1 soon susceptible ( cold1 & p>alys$ !reby1 unless able to jo9 h] companions be=e night comes on4 ,by congregat+ 9 l>ge numb]s1 bees ma9ta9 w>m?1 :atev] ! ext]nal temp]ature may be4 ,! ?ree classes ( bees are3--! que5-bee1 ) ! pup or embryos int5d$ = que5s2 ! work+ bees2 & ! drones1 or male bees4 ,,! ,,que54 ,appropriately /yl$1 by ,g]man bee-keep]s1 ! "m-bee1 is ! only p]fectly develop$ female among ! :ole population ( ea* sep>ate colony4 ,?us h] maje/y indisputably sways h] sceptre by a div9e "r1 because %e lives & reigns 9 ! he>ts ( lov+ *ildr5 & subjects4 ,dr4 ,evans#b introduces ! que5-bee to our notice ?us3-- ,fir/ ( ! ?rong1 & =emo/ ( ! :ole4 ,"o '/&s confe/ ! sov]eign & ! s\l4' ,footnote #b3 ,dr4 ,evans--:o may be /yl$ ! poet-laureate ( ! bees--liv$ at ,%rewsbury1 :]e he practis$ z a physician4 ,8 poem on bees is writt5 ) great ta/e & c>eful elaboration1 & x describes ! habits ( bees ) a degree ( accuracy only atta9able aft] cont9u\s sci5tific obs]vation4 ,! que5 may v readily be di/+ui%$ f ! re/ ( ! bees by ! great] l5g? ( h] body & ! comp>ative %ortness ( h] w+s2 h] legs are long]1 & are n furni%$ ) ei!r bru%es or baskets z ^? ( ! work+ bee1 =1 be+ con/antly f$ by ! latt]1 %e does n ne$ ^? implem5ts2 ! upp] surface ( h] body is ( a bright] black ?an ! o!r bees1 :il/ h] col\r und]nea? is a yell[i% br[n2#c h] w+s1 :i* d n ext5d m ?an half ! l5g? ( h] body1 are s9ewy & /rong2 h] long abdom5 tap]s ne>ly to a po9t2 h] head is r\nd]1 h] tongue m sl5d]1 & n ne>ly s long1 z t ( ! work+ bee1 & h] /+ is curv$4 ,h] movem5ts are measur$ & maje/ic2 z %e moves 9 ! hive ! o!r bees =m a circle r\nd h]1 none v5tur+ to turn _! backs ^u h]1 b all anxi\s to %[ t respect & att5tion due to h] rank & /ation4 ,:5ev]1 9 ! ex]cise ( h] sov]eign w1 ! que5 wi%es to travel among/ h] subjects1 %e exp]i5ces no inconv5i5ce f ov]cr[d+2 al?\gh ! "p ( ! hive to :i* %e is j\rney+ may be ! mo/ popul\s1 way is imm$iately made1 ! common bees tumbl+ ov] ea* o!r to get out ( h] pa?1 s great is _! anxiety n to int]f]e ) ! royal progress4 ,footnote #c3 ,yell[ ,italian que5s =m an exception 9 po9t ( col\r4 ,see frontispiece1 fig4 ,i4 ,x is ! *ief function ( ! que5 to lay ! eggs f :i* all future bees orig9ate1 ! multiplication ( ! species be+ ! purpose ( h] exi/5ce2 & %e foll[s x up ) an assiduity simil> to t ) :i* ! work]s con/ruct combs or collect honey4 ,a que5 is e/imat$ to lay 9 ! bre$+ season f #a1ejj to #b1jjj eggs a-day1 & 9 ! c\rse ( "o ye> is suppos$ to produce m ?an #ajj1jjj bees4 ,?is is inde$ a va/ numb]2 b :5 !re is tak5 into consid]ation ! great numb] requir$ = sw>ms1 ! con/ant less5+ ( _! /r5g? by dea? 9 v>i\s ways1 & ! _m casualties att5d+ !m 9 _! di/ant travels 9 se>* ( ! lusci\s /ore1 x does n seem t ! case is ov]-/at$4 ,9 a ,glass ,unicomb ,hive1--:i* we %all h]e9aft] describe1--all ! movem5ts ( ! que5-bee may be trac$2 %e may be se5 ?ru/+ h] head into a cell to discov] :e!r x be occupi$ ) an egg or honey1 & if empty1 %e turns r\nd 9 a dignifi$ mann] & ins]ts h] long body--s long1 t %e is able to deposit ! egg at ! bottom ( ! cell2 %e !n passes on to ano!r1 & s cont9ues indu/ri\sly multiply+ h] labori\s subjects4 ,x n unfrequ5tly happ5s :5 ! que5 is prolific1 & if x be an e>ly season1 t _m eggs are wa/$ = want ( unoccupi$ cells2 = 9 t case ! que5 leaves !m expos$ at ! bottom ( ! hive1 :5 !y are gre$ily dev\r$ by ! bees4 ,! que5-bee1 unlike ! great majority ( h] subjects1 is a /ay] at home2 g5]ally speak+1 %e only quits ! hive twice 9 h] life4 4 ,! fir/ occasion is on ! all-important day ( h] m>riage1 :i* always takes place at a great height 9 ! air1 & g5]ally on ! second or ?ird day ( h] pr9cess-life2 %e nev] aft]w>ds leaves ! hive1 except to lead (f an emigrat+ sw>m4 ,evans1 ) prop] loyalty1 has duly furni%$ a gl[+ epi?alamium = ! que5-bee ?us3-- ,:5 noon-tide ,sirius gl>es on high1 ,"y love asc5ds ! gl[+ sky1 ,f ve9 to ve9 swift %oots prolific fire1 ,& ?rills ea* insect fibre ) desire2 ,!n ,nature1 to fulfil ?y prime decree1 ,:eels r\nd1 9 wanton r+s1 ! c\rti] ,bee2 ,n[ %yly di/ant1 n[ ) bold] air1 ,he woos & w9s ! all-comply+ fair2 ,?r\gh fields ( e!r1 veil$ 9 vap'ry gloom ,!y seek1 ) amor\s ha/e1 ! nuptial room2 ,z er/ ! immortal pair1 on ,ida's height1 ,wrea?'d r\nd _! noon ( joy ambrosial night4 ,! loyalty & atta*m5t ( bees to _! que5 is "o ( _! mo/ rem>kable *>act]i/ics2 !y con/antly supply h] ) food1 & fawn ^u & c>ess h]1 s(tly t\*+ h] ) _! ant5n--a fav\r :i* %e occasionally returns4 ,:5 %e moves ab\t ! hive1 all ! bees ?r\gh :om %e successively passes pay h] ! same homage2 ^? :om %e leaves beh9d 9 h] track close toge!r1 & resume _! accu/om$ occupations4 ,! maje/ic deportm5t ( ! que5-bee & ! homage paid to h] is1 ) a little poetic lic5ce1 ?us describ$ by ,evans3-- ,b m>k1 ( royal port & awful mi51 ,:]e moves ) measur$ pace ! insect ,que56 ,twelve *os5 gu>ds1 ) sl[ & solemn gait1 ,b5d at h] nod1 & r\nd h] p]son wait4 ,?is homage is1 h[ev]1 only paid to matron que5s4 ,:il/ !y cont9ue pr9cesses1 !y receive no di/9ctive m>ks ( respect4 ,dr4 ,dunb>1 ! not$ ,scot* api>ian1 obs]v$ a v /rik+ in/ance ( ?is :il/ exp]im5t+ on ! combative qualities ( ! que5-bee ,s long1 says he1 z ! que5 :i* surviv$ ! r5contre ) h] rival rema9$ a virg91 n ! slighte/ degree ( respect or att5tion 0 paid h]2 n a s+le bee gave h] food2 %e 0 oblig$1 z (t5 z %e requir$ x1 to help h]self2 & 9 cross+ ! honey cells = t purpose1 %e _h to scramble1 (t5 ) difficulty1 ov] ! cr[d1 n an individual ( :i* got out ( h] way1 or seem$ to c>e :e!r %e f$ or />v$3 b no soon] did %e become a "m1 ?an ! sc5e 0 *ang$1 & all te/ifi$ t[>ds h] t mo/ affectionate att5tion1 :i* is uni=mly exhibit$ to f]tile que5s4 ,! que5-bee1 ?\gh provid$ ) a /+1 nev] uses x on any acc\nt1 except 9 combat ) h] si/]-que5s4 ,b %e admits ( no rival to h] ?rone2 almo/ h] fir/ act1 on com+ =? f ! cell1 is an attempt to te> op5 & de/roy ! cells conta9+ ! pup ( pr9cesses likely to become competitors4 ,%\ld x s happ5 t ano!r que5 ( simil> age does exi/ 9 ! hive at ! same "t1 ! two are spe$ily br\ght into contact ) ea* o!r1 9 ord] to fight x out & decide by a /ruggle1 mortal to "o ( !m1 :i* is to be ! rul]2--! /rong] ( c\rse is victori\s1 & rema9s supreme4 ,?is1 x mu/ be admitt$1 is a wis] me?od ( settl+ ! affair ?an x w\ld be to range ! :ole hive "u two di/9ct bann]s1 & s create a civil w>1 9 :i* ! memb]s ( ! rival b&s w\ld kill & de/roy ea* o!r = matt]s !y individually h little or no conc]n ab\t3 = ! bees c>e n :i* que5 x is1 s long z !y are c]ta9 ( hav+ "o to rule ov] !m & p]petuate ! community4 ,aft] p]us+ ! description giv5 above ( ! atta*m5t ( bees to _! que51 x may be easy to imag9e ! con/]nation a hive is ?r[n into :5 depriv$ ( h] pres5ce4 ,! bees fir/ make a dilig5t se>* = _! mon>* 9 ! hive1 & !n aft]w>ds ru% =? 9 imm5se numb]s to seek h]4 ,:5 su* a commotion is obs]v$ 9 an api>y1 ! exp]i5c$ bee-ma/] w repair ! loss by giv+ a que53 ! bees h g5]ally _! own rem$y = su* a calamity1 9 _! p[] ( rais+ a new que5 f among/ _! l>v2 b if nei!r ( ^! means be available1 ! :ole colony dw9dles & dies4 ,! foll[+ is ! me?od by :i* work+ bees provide a successor to ! ?rone :5 depriv$ ( _! que5 by accid5t1 or 9 anticipation ( ! fir/ sw>m1 :i* is always l$ by ! old que53-- ,!y select1 :5 n m ?an ?ree days old1 an egg or grub previ\sly int5d$ = a work]-bee1 & !n enl>ge ! cell s select$ by de/roy+ ! surr\nd+ p>titions2 !y ?us =m a royal cradle1 9 %ape v mu* l an acorn cup inv]t$4 ,! *os5 embryo is !n f$ lib]ally ) a peculi> description ( nurture1 call$ by naturali/s royal jelly--a pung5t food1 prep>$ by ! work+ bees exclusively = ^? ( ! l>vae t are de/9$ to become c&idates = ! hon\r ( royalty4 ,%\ld a que5 be =cibly sep>at$ f h] subjects1 %e res5ts ! int]f]5ce1 refuses food1 p9es1 & dies4 ,! :ole natural hi/ory ( ! que5-bee is 9 itself a subject t w well repay = cont9u\s /udy4 ,^? :o desire to foll[ x1 we w\ld ref] to ! complete works ( ,hub]--! greate/ ( api>ians1--,swamm]dam1 ,bevan1 ,lang/ro?1 c4 ,! obs]vations ^u ! que5-bee ne$ful to v]ify ! above-m5tion$ facts c only be made 9 hives con/ruct$ = ! purpose1 ( :i* ! ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hive is ! be/4 ,9 ord9>y hives ! que5 is sc>cely ev] to be se52 :]e !re are sev]al r[s ( comb1 %e inv>iably keeps betwe5 !m1 bo? = w>m? & to be m secure f dang]4 ,! writ] has frequ5tly obs]v$ 9 /ocks :i* h un=tunately di$1 t ! que5 0 "o ( ! la/ to expire2 & %e is always m difficult to ga9 possession ( ?an o!r bees1 be+ by in/9ct taught t %e is indisp5sable to ! welf>e ( h] subjects4 ,! que5 enjoys a f> long] life ?an any ( h] subjects1 h] age g5]ally ext5d+ to f\r1 or ev5 five ye>s4 ,! drones1 :i* are mo/ly hat*$ 9 ! e>ly spr+1 seldom live m ?an ?ree or f\r mon?s1 ev5 if !y %\ld escape ! /+ ( ! execution]1 to :i* !y g5]ally fall victims4 ,! work]-bee1 x is n[ a well-asc]ta9$ fact1 lives f six to eight mon?s1 9 no case exce$+ ! latt]2 s t we may reckon t ! bees hat*$ 9 ,april & ,may expire ab\t ! end ( ! ye>2 & x is ^? ( ! autumn :o c>ry on ! duties ( ! hive until ! spr+ & summ]1 t be+ ! "t :5 ! greate/ numb] ( eggs are laid4 ,! population ( a hive is v small dur+ ! w9t]1 9 comp>ison ) ! va/ numb]s ga!r+ produce 9 ! summ]1--produce :i* !y !mselves live to enjoy b = a %ort p]iod4 ,s t n only1 z ( old1 may lessons ( indu/ry be le>n$ f bees1 b !y also tea* self-d5ial to mank9d1 s9ce !y lab\r = ! community r ?an = !mselves4 ,evans1 9 describ+ ! age ( bees1 ?us p>aphrases ! well kn[n c\plet ( ,hom]1 9 allusion to ! fleet+ g5]ations ( m53-- ,l leaves on trees ! race ( bees is f\nd4 ,n[ gre5 9 y\?1 n[ )]+ on ! gr\nd2 ,ano!r race ! spr+ or fall supplies1 ,!y droop successive1 & successive rise4 ,,! ,,drone4 ,! drones are male bees2 !y possess no /+1 are m hairy & l>g] ?an ! common bee1 & may be easily di/+ui%$ by _! heavy motion1 ?ick-set =m1 & l\d] humm+4 ,evans ?us describes ! drones3-- ,_! %ort proboscis sips ,no lusci\s nect> f ! wild ?yme's lips2 ,f ! lime leaf no amb] drops !y /eal1 ,nor be> _! grooveless ?ighs ! foodful meal3 ,on o!rs' toils1 9 pamp]$ leisure1 ?rive ,! lazy fa!rs ( ! indu/ri\s hive2 ,yet (t1 we're told1 ^! seem+ idl]s %>e ,! pleas+ duties ( p>5tal c>e2 ,) fond att5tion gu>d ea* g5ial cell1 ,& wat* ! embryo bur/+ f ! %ell4 ,b ,dr4 ,evans _h be5 told :at 0 n correct :5 he s\ght to dignify drones ) ! (fice ( nurs+ fa!rs1--t task is und]tak5 by ! y\ng] ( ! work+ bees4 ,no occupation falls to ! lot ( ! drones 9 ga!r+ honey1 nor h !y ! means provid$ !m by ,nature = assi/+ 9 ! lab\rs ( ! hive4 ,! drones are ! prog5itors ( work+ bees1 & no?+ m2 s f> z is kn[n1 t is ! only purpose ( _! %ort exi/5ce4 ,9 a well-populat$ hive ! numb] ( drones is comput$ at f "o to two ?\s&4 ,naturali/s1 says ,hub]1 h be5 extremely emb>rass$ to acc\nt = ! numb] ( males 9 mo/ hives1 & :i* seem only a burd5 to ! community1 s9ce !y appe> to fulfil no function4 ,b we n[ beg9 to disc]n ! object ( ,nature 9 multiply+ !m to su* an ext5t4 ,z fecundation _c be accompli%$ )9 ! hive1 & z ! que5 is oblig$ to trav]se ! expanse ( ! atmosph]e1 x is requisite t ! males %\ld be num]\s1 t %e may h ! *ance ( meet+ "s "o ( !m 9 h] flight4 ,7 only two or ?ree 9 ea* hive1 !re w\ld be little probability ( _! dep>ture at ! same in/ant ) ! que51 or t !y w\ld meet h] 9 _! excursions2 & mo/ ( ! females might ?us rema9 /]ile4 ,x is important = ! safety ( ! que5-bee t h] /ay 9 ! air %\ld be z brief z possible3 h] l>ge size & sl[ness ( flight r5d] h] an easy prey to birds4 ,x is n n[ ?\ght t ! que5 always pairs ) a drone ( ! same hive1 z ,hub] seems to h suppos$4 ,! drone t happ5s to be ! select$ husb& is by no means s =tunate z at fir/ sight may appe>1 = x is a law ( nature t ! bridegroom does n survive ! w$d+-day4 ,h] maje/y1 al?\gh ?us left1 a wid[$1 is by no means a sorr[ful1 bride1 = %e soon becomes ! happy "m ( a l>ge family4 ,x _c be said t %e pays no respect to ! memory ( h] dep>t$ "l1 = %e nev] m>ries aga94 ,once impregnat$1--z is ! case ) mo/ insects1--! que5-bee cont9ues productive dur+ ! rema9d] ( h] exi/5ce4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 f\nd t ?\gh old que5s cease to lay work] eggs1 !y may cont9ue to lay ^? ( drones4 ,! sw>m+ season be+ ov]1--t is ab\t ! end ( ,july1--a g5]al massacre ( ! lazy fa!rs takes place4 ,dr4 ,bevan1 9 ! ,honey ,bee1 obs]ves on ?is po9t3 ,! "w ( ! drones be+ n[ complet$1 !y are reg>d$ z useless consum]s ( ! fruits ( o!rs' lab\r2 love is at once conv]t$ into hate1 & a g5]al proscription takes place4 ,! un=tunate victims evid5tly p]ceive _! dang]1 = !y are nev] at ?is "t se5 re/+ 9 "o place1 b d>t+ 9 & out ( ! hive ) ! utmo/ precipitation1 z if 9 fe> ( be+ seiz$4 ,_! de/ruction is ?\ght1 by "s1 to be caus$ by _! be+ h>ass$ until !y quit ! hive2 b ,hub] says he asc]ta9$ t ! dea? ( ! drones 0 caus$ by ! /+s ( ! work]s4 ,suppos+ ! drones come =? 9 ,may1 :i* is ! av]age p]iod ( _! be+ hat*$1 _! de/ruction takes place some:]e ab\t ! comm5cem5t ( ,augu/1 s t ?ree mon?s is ! usual ext5t ( _! exi/5ce2 b %\ld x s happ5 t ! usual developm5t ( ! que5 has be5 ret>d$1 or t ! hive has by *ance be5 depriv$ ( h]1 ! massacre ( ! drones is def]r$4 ,9 any case1 ! natural t]m ( ! life ( drone-bees does n exce$ f\r mon?s1 s t !y are all dead be=e ! w9t]1 & are n all[$ to be useless consum]s ( ! g5]al /ore4 ,,! ,,work]-,,bee4 ,! work+ bees =m1 by f>1 ! mo/ num]\s class ( ! ?ree k9ds conta9$ 9 ! hive1 & lea/ ( all require description4 ,!y are ! smalle/ ( ! bees1 are d>k br[n 9 col\r1 or ne>ly black1#d & mu* m active on ! w+ ?an are ei!r drones or que5s4 ,! usual numb] 9 a heal?y hive v>ies f twelve to ?irty ?\s&2 &1 previ\s to sw>m+1 exce$s ! l>g] numb]4 ,! work]-bee is ( ! same sex z ! que51 b is only p>tially develop$4 ,any egg ( a work]-bee--by ! cell be+ enl>g$1 z already describ$1 & ! royal jelly be+ suppli$ to ! l>va--may be hat*$ into a mature & p]fect que54 ,?is1 "o ( ! mo/ curi\s facts connect$ ) ! natural hi/ory ( bees1 may be v]ifi$ 9 any api>y by mo/ int]e/+ exp]im5ts1 :i* may be turn$ to important use4 ,) reg>d to ! suppos$ di/9ctions betwe5 nurs+ & work+ bees1 x is n[ agre$ t x only consi/s 9 a division ( lab\r1 ! "y work]s /ay+ at home to fe$ ! l>v until !y are !mselves vigor\s en\gh to range ! fields 9 que/ ( supplies4 ,b1 = _m details ( unfail+ int]e/1 we mu/ aga9 ref] our read]s to ! /&>d works on bees t h already be5 nam$4 ,footnote #d3 ,italian work]s =m an exception 9 po9t ( col\r4 ,see ,plate ,i41 fig4 #b4 ,,! ,,eggs ,,( ,,bees4 ,x is necess>y t "s explanation %\ld be giv5 z to ! exi/5ce ( ! bee be=e x em]ges f ! cell4 ,! eggs 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #g7 ( all ! ?ree k9ds ( bees1 :5 fir/ deposit$1 are ( an oval %ape1 & ( a pe>ly-:ite col\r4 ,9 f\r or five days ! egg *anges to a worm1 & 9 ?is /age is kn[n by ! names ( l>va or grub 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #h71 9 :i* /ate x rema9s f\r to six days m4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod x is f$ by ! nurse-bees ) a mixture ( f>9a & honey1 a con/ant supply ( :i* is giv5 to x4 ,! next trans=mation is to ! nymph or pupa =m4 ,! nurse-bees n[ seal up ! cells ) a prep>ation simil> to wax1 & !n ! pupa sp9s r\nd itself a film or cocoon1 j z a silkworm does 9 its *rysalis /ate4 ,! microscope %[s t ?is cradle-curta9 is p]=at$ ) v m9ute holes1 ?r\gh :i* ! baby-bee is duly suppli$ ) air4 ,no fur!r att5tion on ! "p ( ! bees is n[ requisite1 except a prop] degree ( heat1 :i* !y take c>e to keep up--a position = ! bre$+ cells be+ select$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! hive1 :]e ! temp]ature is likely to be mo/ cong5ial4 ,tw5ty-"o days aft] ! egg is fir/ laid 7unless cold wea!r %\ld h ret>d$ x7 ! bee quits ! pupa /ate1 &1 nibbl+ its way ?r\gh ! wax5 cov]+ t has enclos$ x1 comes =? a w+$ insect4 ,! eggs ( drones require tw5ty-f\r days1 & ^? ( que5s sixte5 days1 to arrive at maturity1 & are hat*$ 9 w>m summ] wea!r1 a high] temp]ature be+ necess>y4 ,9 ! ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hives1 ! "y bees may di/9ctly be se5 z !y lit]ally fight _! way into ! _w1 = ! o!r bees d n take ! slighte/ notice1 nor af=d !m any assi/ance4 ,we h frequ5tly be5 amus$ 9 wat*+ ! eag] little new-com]1 n[ obtrud+ its head1 & anon compell$ to )draw into ! cell to escape be+ trampl$ on by ! app>5tly unfeel+ ?rong1 until at la/ x has succe$$ 9 mak+ its exit4 ,! little grey creature1 aft] bru%+ & %ak+ itself1 ent]s ^u its duties 9 ! hive1 su* z ! nurs+ be=e allud$ to1 or secret+ wax1 & 9 7say7 a week issues =? to ! m labori\s occupation ( ga!r+ honey 9 ! fields--?us e>ly illu/rat+ t "* = indu/ry :i* has be5 prov]bial at lea/ s9ce ! days ( ,ari/otle1 & :i* has 9 our day be5 r5d]$ famili> ev5 to infant m9ds ?r\gh ! nurs]y rhymes ( ,dr4 ,watts4 ,,increase ,,( ,,bees4 ,e "o is famili> ) ! natural process ( sw>m+1 by :i* bees provide !mselves ) fre% space1 & seek to plant colonies to absorb _! increase ( population4 ,b ! object ( ! bee-ma/] is to tra9 & educate 8 bees1 & 9 s do+ he avoids mu* ( ! risk & tr\ble :i* is incurr$ by all[+ ! busy folk to foll[ _! own devices4 ,! v>i\s me?ods = ?is end adopt$ by api>ians all come "u ! t]m ( ! depriv+ sy/em1 & !y =m "p ( ! great object ( humane & economical bee-keep+1 :i* is to save ! bees alive in/ead ( slaught]+ !m1 z "u ! old clumsy sy/em4 ,a v natural "q is (t5 ask$3--,h[ is x t1 ^u ! depriv+ sy/em1 :]e our object is to prev5t sw>m+1 ! increase ( numb]s is n s great z ^u ! old plan8 ,x w be se5 t ! lay+ ( eggs is p]=m$ by ! que5 only1 & t !re is b "o que5 to ea* hive2 s t :]e sw>m+ is prev5t$1 !re rema9s only "o hive or /ock1 z ! sup]flu\s pr9cesses are n all[$ to come to maturity4 ,if all ^? pr9cesses 7 to become mon>*s1 or "m-bees1 & to emigrate ) a proportionate numb] ( work]s1 increase w\ld be go+ on m rapidly2 b ! old /ock w\ld be s impov]i%$ !reby z possibly to yield no surplus honey1 :il/ ! sw>ms might come (f too late = !m to collect suffici5t /ore :]eon to gr[ popul\s en\gh to )/& ! w9t]4 ,) bees1 z ) m51 union is /r5g?2 & x is (t5 bett] to induce !m to rema9 z "o family1 r ?an to "p numb]s at a late p]iod ( ! honey-ga!r+ season1 )\t a prospect ( support+ !mselves1 & s p]i% f cold & hung] dur+ ! ordeal ( ! w9t] season4 ,w\ld x n 9 su* cases h be5 bett] = ! little folk1 to h kept "u "o ro( ?r\gh ! w9t]1 & to h be5 able to take full advantage ( ! foll[+ e>ly spr+8 ,?is is "o ( ! great secrets ( successful bee-keep+4 ,our plan ( giv+ additional /ore-room w1 g5]ally speak+1 prev5t sw>m+4 ,?is /ay-at-home policy1 we cont5d1 is an advantage2 = in/ead ( ! loss ( "t consequ5t ^u a sw>m hang+ out prep>atory to flight1 all ! bees are engag$ 9 collect+ honey1 & t at a "t :5 ! wea!r is mo/ fav\rable & ! food mo/ abundant4 ,^u ! old sy/em1 ! sw>m leaves ! hive simply because ! dwell+ has n be5 enl>g$ at ! "t :5 ! bees are increas+4 ,! emigrants are always l$ (f by ! old que51 leav+ ei!r "y or embryo que5s to lead (f aft]-sw>ms1 & to furni% a mi/ress = ! old /ock1 & c>ry on ! multiplication ( ! species4 ,^u ! antiquat$ & inhuman plan1 :]e s great a de/ruction takes place by ! brim/one mat*1 bre$+ mu/1 ( c\rse1 be all[$ to g on to its full ext5t to make up = su* sacrifices4 ,our *ief object "u ! new sy/em' is to obta9 honey free f all extrane\s matt]4 ,pure honey _c be ga!r$ f combs :]e /or+ & bre$+ are p]=m$ 9 ! same comp>tm5t4 ,= full] explanations on ?is po9t1 we ref] to ! v>i\s descriptions ( our improv$ hives 9 a subsequ5t section ( ?is "w4 ,!re c n[ be sc>cely two op9ions z to ! uselessness ( ! ru/ic plan ( immolat+ ! poor bees aft] !y h /riv5 ?r\gh ! summ] s to improve ea* %9+ h\r4 ,! anci5ts 9 ,greece & ,italy took ! surplus honey & sp>$ ! bees1 & n[ = e intellig5t bee-keep] !re are ample appliances :]e) to atta9 ! same results4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? quotes f ! ,g]man ! foll[+ epitaph1 :i*1 he says1 might be prop]ly plac$ ov] e pit ( brim/on$ bees3-- ,"h re/s1 ,,cut ,,(f ,,f ,,useful ,,lab\r1 ,a ,,colony ,,( ,,indu/ri\s ,,bees1 ,,basely ,,murd]$ ,,by ,,its ,,ungrateful ,,& ,,ignorant ,,own]4 ,& ,?omson1 ! poet ( ,! ,seasons1 has record$ an eloqu5t poetic prote/ aga9/ ! b>b>\s practice1 = :i*1 h[ev]1 9 8 day !re 0 no1 alt]native3-- ,ah6 see :]e1 robb$ & murd]$ 9 t pit4 ,lies ! /ill-heav+ hive6 at ev5+ snat*$1 ,b5ea? ! cl\d ( guilt-conceal+ night1 ,& fix'd o'er sulphur6 :ile1 n dream+ ill1 ,! happy p1 9 _! wax5 cells1 ,sat t5d+ public c>es4 ,sudd51 ! d>k1 oppressive /eam asc5ds1 ,&1 us$ to mild] sc5ts1 ! t5d] race ,by ?\s&s tumble f _! honi$ dome1 ,into a gulf ( blue sulphure\s flame6 ,x w be our pleas+ task1 9 subsequ5t *apt]s1 to %[ a m excell5t way4 ,,sw>m+4 ,! spr+ is ! be/ p]iod at :i* to comm5ce an api>y1 & sw>m+-"t is a good />t+-po9t = ! new bee-keep]4 ,! p]iod kn[n z ! sw>m+ season is dur+ ! mon?s ( ,may & ,june4 ,) a v =w>d /ock1 & 9 exce$+ly f9e wea!r1 bees d occasionally sw>m 9 ,april4 ,! e>li] ! sw>m1 ! great] is its value4 ,if bees sw>m 9 ,july1 !y seldom ga!r suffici5t to su/a9 !mselves ?r\gh ! w9t]1 ?\gh by c>eful fe$+ !y may easily be kept alive1 if hiv$ e>ly 9 ! mon?4 ,! cause ( a sw>m leav+ ! /ock-hive is1 t ! population has gr[n too l>ge = x4 ,sw>m+ is a provision ( ,nature = rem$y+ ! inconv5i5ce ( ov]cr[d+1 & is ! me?od :]eby ! bees seek = space 9 :i* to increase _! /ores4 ,by putt+ on sup]-hives1 ! requir$ relief may1 9 _m cases1 be giv5 to !m2 b %\ld ! multiplication ( /ocks be desir$1 ! bee-keep] w def] increas+ ! space until ! sw>m has issu$ =?4 ,9 ,may1 :5 ! spr+ has be5 f9e1 ! que5-bee is v active 9 lay+ eggs1 & ! increase 9 a /rong1 heal?y hive is s prodigi\s t emigration is necess>y1 or ! bees w\ld cease to "w4 ,x is n[ a well-e/abli%$ fact t ! old que5 goes =? ) ! fir/ sw>m1 prep>ation hav+ be5 made to supply h] place z soon z ! bees det]m9e ^u ! necessity ( a division ( _! commonweal?4 ,?us ! sov]eignty ( ! old hive1 aft] ! fir/ sw>m has issu$1 devolves ^u a "y que54 ,z soon z ! sw>m builds combs 9 its new abode1 ! emigrant-que51 be+ impregnat$ & h] ov>ies full1 beg9s lay+ eggs 9 ! cells1 & !reby spe$ily multiplies ! lab\r]s ( ! new colony4 ,al?\gh !re is n[ among/ api>ians no d\bt t ! old que5 quits h] home1 !re is no rule z to ! composition ( ! sw>m3 old & "y alike dep>t4 ,"s %[ unmi/akable signs ( age by _! ragg$ w+s1 o!rs _! extreme y\? by _! light] col\r2 h[ !y det]m9e :i* %all /ay & :i* %all g has n yet be5 asc]ta9$4 ,9 prep>ation = flight1 bees comm5ce fill+ _! honey bags1 tak+ suffici5t1 x is said1 = ?ree days' su/5ance4 ,?is /ore is ne$ful1 n only = food1 b to enable ! bees to comm5ce ! secretion ( wax & ! build+ ( combs 9 _! new domicile4 ,on ! day ( emigration1 ! wea!r mu/ be f9e1 w>m1 & cle>1 ) b little w9d /irr+2 = ! old que51 l a prud5t matron1 w n v5ture out unless ! day is 9 e way fav\rable4 ,:il/ h] maje/y hesitates1 ei!r = ! reasons we h m5tion$1 or because ! int]nal arrangem5ts are n suffici5tly matur$1 ! bees w (t5 fly ab\t or hang 9 clu/]s at ! entrance ( ! hive = two or ?ree days & nights toge!r1 all lab\r mean:ile be+ susp5d$4 ,! agitation ( ! little folk is well describ$ by ,evans3-- ,see :]e1 ) hurri$ /ep1 ! impassion$ ?rong ,pace o'er ! hive1 & seem1 ) pla9tive song1 ,t' invite ! loit]+ que52 n[ range ! floor1 ,& hang 9 clu/]'d columns f ! door2 ,or n[ 9 re/less r+s ar\nd !y fly1 ,nor spoil ?y sip1 nor load ! holl[$ ?igh2 ,e'en ! dull drone 8 wont$ ease gives o'er1 ,flaps 8 unwieldy w+s1 & longs to so>4 ,b :5 all is ready1 a sc5e ( ! mo/ viol5t agitation takes place2 ! bees ru% out 9 va/ numb]s1 =m+ q a d>k cl\d z !y trav]se ! air4 ,! "t select$ = ! dep>ture ( ! emigrants is g5]ally betwe5 #aj ,a4,m4 & #c ,p4,m42 mo/ sw>ms come (f )9 an h\r ( noon4 ,x is a v g5]al rem>k t bees *oose a ,sunday = sw>m+1 & probably ?is is because !n great] /illness reigns ar\nd4 ,x w n be difficult to imag9e t ! c>eful bee-keep] is anxi\s to keep a /rict wat*1 le/ he %\ld lose su* a treasure :5 once x takes w+4 ,! excit+ sc5e at a bee-sw>m+ has be5 well describ$ by ! api>ian laureate3-- ,up m\nts ! *ief1 &1 to ! *eat$ eye1 ,t5 ?\s& %uttles d>t along ! sky2 ,z swift ?r\gh !r rise ! ru%+ sw>ms1 ,gay danc+ to ! beam _! sunbright =ms2 ,& ea* ?9 =m1 /ill l+]+ on ! sight1 ,trails1 z x %oots1 a l9e ( silv] light4 ,high pois$ on buoyant w+1 ! ?\ghtful que51 ,9 gaze att5tive1 views ! v>i$ sc5e1 ,& soon h] f>-fet*$ k5 disc]ns bel[1 ,! light laburnum lift h] poli%$ br[1 ,wave h] gre5 leafy r+lets o'er ! glade4 ,swift z ! falcon's sweep ! mon>* b5ds ,h] flight abrupt3 ! foll[+ ho/ desc5ds2 ,r\nd ! f9e twig1 l clu/]$ grapes !y close ,9 ?ick5+ wrea?s1 & c\rt a %ort repose4 ,9 _m c\ntry di/ricts x is a "t-hon\r$ cu/om = ! good folks ( ! village to comm5ce on su* occasions a t]rible noise ( tang+ & r++ ) fry+-pan & key4 ,?is is done ) ! absurd notion t ! bees are *>m$ ) ! clangor\s d91 & may by x be induc$ to settle z ne> z possible to ! s\rce ( su* sweet s\nds4 ,?is is1 h[ev]1 q a mi/ake3 !re are o!r & bett] means = ! purpose4 ,! practice ( r++ 0 orig9ally adopt$ = a diff]5t & f> m s5sible object--viz41 = ! purpose ( giv+ notice t a sw>m _h issu$ =?1 & t ! own] 0 anxi\s to claim ! "r ( foll[+1 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld alight on a neighb\r's premises4 ,x w\ld be curi\s to trace h[ ?is anci5t c]emony has ?us got corrupt$ f ! orig9al design4 ,9 case ! bees d n spe$ily aft] sw>m+ manife/ signs ( settl+1 a few h&fuls ( s& or loose m\ld may be ?r[n up 9 ! air s z to fall among ! w+$ ?rong2 !y mi/ake ?is = ra91 & !n v quickly det]m9e ^u settl+4 ,"s p]sons squirt a little wat] f a g>d5 eng9e 9' ord] to produce ! same effect4 ,!re are1 inde$1 _m +5i\s devices us$ by api>ians = decoy+ ! sw>ms4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? m5tions a plan ( /r++ dead bees toge!r1 & ty+ a bun* ( !m on any %rub or l[ tree ^u :i* x is desirable t !y %\ld alight2 ano!r plan is1 to hang "s black wov5 mat]ial ne> ! hives1 s t ! sw>m+ bees may be l$ to suppose !y see ano!r colony1 to :i* !y w ha/5 to atta* !mselves4 ,sw>ms h a great aff9ity = ea* o!r :5 !y are adrift 9 ! air2 b1 ( c\rse1 :5 ! union has be5 effect$1 ! rival que5s h to d battle = supremacy4 ,a m +5i\s device ?an any ( ! above is by means ( a mirror1 to fla% a reflection ( ! sun's rays among/ a sw>m1 :i* bewild]s ! bees1 & *ecks _! flight4 ,x is manife/ly (t5 desirable to use "s ( ^! endeav\rs to induce e>ly settlem5t1 & to prev5t1 if possible1 ! bees f clu/]+ 9 high trees or "u ! eaves ( h\ses1 :]e x may be difficult to hive !m4 ,%\ld prompt measures n be tak5 to hive ! bees z soon z ! clu/] is well =m$1 !re is dang] ( _! />t+ on a second flight2 & ?is is :at ! api>ian has s mu* to dread4 ,if ! bees set (f a second "t1 x is g5]ally = a long flight1 (t5 = miles1 s t 9 su* a case x is usually impossible to foll[ !m1 & consequ5tly a valuable colony may be irretrievably lo/4 ,too mu* c>e _c be ex]cis$ to prev5t ! sun's rays fall+ on a sw>m :5 x has once settl$4 ,if expos$ to heat 9 ?is way1 bees are v likely to decamp4 ,we h frequ5tly /ret*$ matt+ or %eet+ on poles1 s z to int]cept ! gl>e1 & ?us r5d] _! tempor>y position cool & com=table4 ,two sw>ms sometimes dep>t at ! same "t1 & jo9 toge!r2 9 su* a case1 we recomm5d t !y be treat$ z "o1 by putt+ !m into a hive z be=e describ$1 tak+ c>e to give abundant room & n to delay af=d+ access to ! sup] hive or glasses4 ,!y w settle _! own notions ( sov]eignty by "o que5 de/roy+ ! o!r4 ,!re are means ( sep>at+ two sw>ms1 if done at ! "t2 b ! op]ation is a =midable "o1 & does n always repay ev5 ^? mo/ accu/om$ to su* manipulation4 ,) reg>d to prep>ations = tak+ a sw>m1 our advice to ! bee-keep] mu/ be ! rev]se ( ,mrs4 ,glass's notable injunction z to ! cook+ ( a h>e4 ,"s "t be=e y expect to take a sw>m1 be sure to h a suitable hive 9 :i* to take x1 & also e o!r requisite prop]ly ready4 ,"h we w expla9 :at 0 said 9 ! introduction z to ! safety ( mov+ & h&l+ bees4 ,a bee-veil or dress w pres]ve ! mo/ s5sitive f ! possibility ( be+ /ung4 ,?is article1 :i* may be b\ght ) ! hives1 is made ( net close en\gh to exclude bees1 b op5 en\gh = ! op]ator's vision4 ,x is made to g ov] ! hat ( a lady or cap ( a g5tleman2 x closes r\nd ! wai/1 & has sleeves fa/5+ at ! wri/4 ,a pair ( photograph]'s india-rubb] gloves completes ! full dress ( ! api>ian1 :o is !n invuln]able1 ev5 to enrag$ bees4 ,b bees :5 sw>m+ are 9 an em95tly peaceful frame ( m9d2 hav+ d9$ sumptu\sly1 !y require to be positively provok$ be=e !y w /+4 ,yet !re may be "o or two fooli% bees :o1 hav+ neglect$ to fill _! honey bags1 are incl9$ to v5t _! ill-hum\r on ! k9d api>ian4 ,:5 all is ready1 ! new hive is held or plac$ 9 an inv]t$ position "u ! clu/] ( bees1 :i* ! op]ator deta*es f _! p]* ) "o or two quick %akes2 ! floor-bo>d is !n plac$ on ! hive1 :i* is !n sl[ly turn$ up on to its base1 & x is well to leave x a %ort "t 9 ! same place1 9 ord] to all[ ( /raggl]s jo9+ _! companions4 ,if ! new sw>m is int5d$ = transportation to a di/ance1 x is z well = x to be left at ! same spot until ev5+1 provid$ ! sun is %ad$ f x3 b if ! hive is meant to /& 9 or ne> ! same g>d51 x is bett] to remove x )9 half an h\r to its p]man5t position1 because s eag] are newly-sw>m$ bees = pu%+ =w>d ! "w ( furni%+ _! empty h\se1 t !y sally =? at once 9 se>* ( mat]ials4 ,a sw>m ( bees1 9 _! natural /ate1 conta9s f #aj1jjj to #bj1jjj insects1 :il/ 9 an e/abli%$ hive ( ,italian bees !y numb] #dj1jjj & upw>ds4 ,five ?\s& bees are said to weigh "o p\nd2 a good sw>m w weigh f ?ree to five p\nds4 ,we h kn[n sw>ms n heavi] ?an #b p\nds t 7 9 v excell5t condition 9 ,augu/ z reg>ds /ore = ! w9t]4 ,hi!rto1 all our rem>ks h _h ref]5ce to fir/ or prime sw>ms2 ^! are ! be/1 & :5 a sw>m is pur*as$1 su* %\ld be b>ga9$ =4 ,second sw>ms1 kn[n among/ cottage bee-keep]s z ca/s1 usually issue f ! hive n9e or t5 days aft] ! fir/ has dep>t$4 ,x is n always t a second sw>m issues1 s mu* dep5ds on ! /r5g? ( ! /ock1 ! wea!r1 & o!r causes2 b %\ld ! bees det]m9e to ?r[ out ano!r1 ! fir/ hat*$ que5 9 ! /ock-hive is prev5t$ by h] subjects f de/roy+ ! o!r royal pr9cesses1 z %e w\ld d if left to h] own devices4 ,! consequ5ce is t1 l "s p :o _c h _! own way1 %e is highly indignant2 &1 :5 ?w>t$ 9 h] purpose1 utt]s1 9 quick succession1 %rill1 angry s\nds1 mu* resembl+ ,peep1 peep1 commonly call$ pip+1 b :i* m c\rtly api>ians h /yl$ ! vox regalis4 ,?is royal wail+ cont9ues dur+ ! ev5+1 & is sometimes s l\d z to be di/9ctly audible _m y>ds f ! hive4 ,:5 ?is is ! case1 a sw>m may be expect$ ei!r on ! next day1 or at late/ )9 ?ree days4 ,! second sw>m is n q s *>y ( wea!r z ! fir/2 x 0 ! old lady :o ex]cis$ s mu* caution1 dislik+ to leave home except 9 ! be/ ( summ] wea!r4 ,9 "s in/ances1 ow+ to fav\rable bre$+ seasons & prolific que5s1 a ?ird sw>m issues f ! hive2 ?is is t]m$ a colt3 &1 9 rem>kable in/ances1 ev5 a f\r?1 :i* 9 ru/ic phrase is designat$ a filly4 ,a sw>m f a sw>m is call$ a maid5 sw>m1 &1 accord+ to bee !ory1 w aga9 h ! old que5 = its lead]4 ,! bee-ma/] %\ld endeav\r to prev5t 8 lab\r]s f sw>m+ m ?an once2 8 policy is r to enc\rage ! indu/ri\s ga!r+ ( honey1 by keep+ a good supply ( sup]s on ! hives4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 he may err 9 putt+ on ! sup]s too e>ly or unduly late1 & ! bees w !n sw>m a second "t1 in/ead ( mak+ use ( ! /ore-rooms ?us provid$4 ,9 su* a case1 ! clev] api>ian1 hav+ spread ! sw>m on ! gr\nd1 w select ! que51 & cause ! bees to g back to ! hive f :5ce !y came4 ,?is op]ation requires an am\nt ( api>ian skill :i*1 ?\gh x may easily be atta9$1 is great] ?an is usually possess$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,ii4 ,e4 ,w4 ,rob9son ,delt4 et ,sc ,p #ahfe4 ,illu/ration ,,ii4--,,anatomy ,,& ,,physiology ,,( ,,! ,,bee4 ,al?\gh ! pr9cipal object 9 compil+ ! pres5t "w has be5 ! endeav\r to induct our read]s into ! way ( keep+ bees accord+ to ! mo/ rec5t & approv$ me?ods1 x requires b little apology = ?us app>5tly deviat+ f our prescrib$ c\rse1 by devot+ a small portion ( our space to a description ( ! anatomy ( ! wond]ful little creatures ^: lab\rs all our contrivances are int5d$ to assi/1 & s9ce x w at once be admitt$ t a k ( _! habits is n only int]e/+ to ! bee-keep]1 b enables him to conduct 8 api>y 9 accordance !re)4 ,( ! insect tribe1 ! bee is c]ta9ly ! mo/ di/+ui%$2 ) ! exception ( ! silkworm1 none c approa* h] 9 m9i/]+ to ! wants1 or r to ! luxuries1 ( ! human family4 ,! in/9ct bees possess = fe$+ on fl[]s1 br++ home honey & poll51 & secret+ wax1 entitles !m to our close consid]ation ( _! /ructure & ( ! tools provid$ !m by ,nature = c>ry+ on _! h&iwork4 ,9 a treatise ( ?is k9d1 int5d$ to be ( a popul> "*1 we %all endeav\r to place ^! details be=e our read]s 9 a concise & simple mann]1 avoid+ z mu* z may be te*nical t]ms1 & ref]r+ ^? :o wi% to g m deeply into ?is bran* ( ! subject to ! works ( ,bonnet1 ,hub]1 ,kirby & ,sp5ce1 ,dr4 ,bevan1 c4 4 ,9 ! c\rse ( our description1 we %all frequ5tly h to ref] to ! /eel engrav+s1 ,plates ,i4 & ,,ii41 drawn by ,mr4 ,e4 ,w4 ,rob9son1 arti/ to ! ,entomological ,society ( ,london1 :o has mo/ c>efully dissect$ bees we s5t him = ! purpose1 subject$ ^! dissections to ! microscope1 & skilfully produc$ ! accompany+ illu/rations1 :i* w s mu* assi/ u 9 our agreeable task4 ,^! del9eations are s cle>1 t a little explanation w suffice to br+ home to ! und]/&+ ( ! curi\s ! compon5t p>ts ( ! bee1 & ! uses to :i* ! v>i\s memb]s are appli$4 ,because ! bee is s small an insect1 its organization ought n to be neglect$ to be inve/igat$4 ,! bee is little among su* z fly1 b h] fruit is ! *ief ( sweet ?+s4 ,! enlight5$ ,boyle1 :5 contemplat+ ! wond]s ( ,nature1 decl>$ t 8 a/oni%m5t _h be5 m excit$ by ! mite ?an by ! elephant2 & t 8 admiration dwelt n s mu* on ! clocks z on ! wat*es ( creation4#e ,footnote #e3 ,dr4 ,bevan4 ,! figures #a1 #b1 & #c1 ,plate ,i41 9 ! frontispiece1 respectively repres5t ! ext]ior =ms ( ! que51 ! work]1 & ! drone4 ,!y are ?us col\r$ to illu/rate ! ,yell[ ,italian ,alp1 or ,ligurian bee1 n[ des]v$ly held 9 su* high e/imation by bee-keep]s1 & ( ^: good qualities we %all1 9 a subsequ5t section ( ?is "w1 h occasion m fully to treat4 ,all ! bees con/itut+ a /ock may n be ( q s bright a col\r z ^? repres5t$3 ! old bees diff] 9 appe>ance f ! y\ng] ones2--d>k5$ bodies & ragg$ w+s1 n grey hairs & wr9kl$ faces1 are ! signs ( old age2 s t ) bees 7especially ,ligurians71 z ) ! g5tl] sex ( ! human race1 !re is appo9t$ a p]iod bo? ( y\? & beauty4 ,! anatomical /ructure ( our ,engli% bee is mu* ! same z t ( ! ,italian2#f a description ( ! "o w !re=e s]ve = ! o!r4 ,! mo/ app>5t diff]5ce consi/s 9 ! col\r4 ,! ,engli% bee is ( a blacki% br[n2 bo? v>ieties h _! bodies :olly cov]$ ) close-set hairs4 ,^! hairs des]ve p>ticul> att5tion1 because1 al?\gh s small1 ea* hair is fea!r-%ap$1 consi/+ ( a /em & bran*es some:at analog\s to ! fea!rs ( birds4 ,?is =m is extremely s]viceable to ! insect1 :5 revell+ 9 ! corolla ( fl[]s1 to collect ! f>9a1 &1 besides ?us useful1 is peculi>ly adapt$ = reta9+ animal heat4#g ,footnote #f3 ,naturali/s consid] ! ,italian bee a v sup]ior race1 & t ! v>i\s organs are /rong] & ( great] capacity2 x is1 h[ev]1 n easy to def9e ! precise anatomical sup]iority4 ,footnote #g3 ,naturali/'s ,libr>y4 ,! insect is divid$ into ?ree p>ts--! head1 ! ?orax or *e/1 & ! abdom54 ,! head ( ! que5 7,plate ,i41 fig4 #a c71 z also t ( ! drone 7,plate ,i41 fig4 #c c71 is r\nd] ?an t ( ! work]-bee4 ,! latt] 7,plate ,i1 fig4 #b c7 is ( a triangul> %ape1 & mu* flatt5$1 z 9 ,plate ,i41 fig4 #b99 c1 :i* %[s ! side view4 ,9 common ) o!r creatures1 ! head conta9s ! inlet = nutrition1 & is ! seat ( ! pr9cipal organs ( s5sation4 ,9 ! figures be=e allud$ to may be se5 ! d\ble visual app>atus ) :i* bees are provid$4 ,! oval divisions on ea* side ( ! head are ! two eyes1 ! second>y organs ( vision be+ ! ?ree small eyes on ! top ( ! head1 call$ ! ocelli4 ,we %all fir/ describe ! two l>g] eyes1 :i*1 z seems to be ! case ) all insects1 are immovable1 & h nei!r irides nor pupils1 nor eyelids to cov] !m1 b are protect$ f ! du/ or poll5 ( fl[]s by a numb] ( small hairs1 z well z by a horny tunicle1 :i* def5ds & secures !m f injury4 ,! multitude ( hexagonal l5ses :i* compose ! eye ( a bee make x appe>1 :5 view$ ?r\gh a microscope1 exactly l honey-comb4#h ,a ,g]man writ] computes t 9 ea* eye !re are #c1ejj l5ses4 ,9 ,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #e repres5ts ?ree ( ^! hexagonal prisms or l5ses1 magnifi$4 ,footnote #h3 ,dr4 ,bevan4 ,! con/ruction ( ! eye = see+ objects be/ at a mod]ate di/ance w acc\nt = ! fact t bees m\nt high up into ! air aft] collect+ _! /ore ( food1 & !n1 hav+ det]m9$ ! po9t1 no matt] h[ f> (f1 !y fly homew>ds ) ! directness ( a cannon ball1 & alight at ! door ( _! own habitation1 ?\gh ! c\ntry ar\nd may be cr[d$ ) hives3 b on rea*+ ! entrance1 _! vision appe>s defective1 = !y !n feel _! way ) ! ant5n z if totally bl9d2 & %\ld ! hive h be5 mov$ a little1 !y w rise aga9 into ! air to obta9 a m di/ant view1 suit$ to ! l5g!n$ focus ( _! sight4 ,:5 a /ock or sw>m is br\ght f a di/ance1 bees d n take _! dep>ture at once1 b reconnoitre a:ile1 visit+ surr\nd+ objects s z to well "k ! spot aga91 9 ord] to return !reto4 ,! precise purpose or use ( ! ?ree small eyes does n appe> to be exactly kn[n1 except t !y are int5d$ to height5 ! g5]al s5se ( see+ :i* ! creature s peculi>ly requires4 ,"s naturali/s sugge/ t !y are to give a def5sive vision upw>ds f ! cups ( fl[]s4 ,! m\? ( ! bee is a mo/ complex /ructure1 m>vell\sly adapt$ = its duties1 & consi/s ( ! m&ibles1 ! ligula1 or tongue1 also call$ ! proboscis1 & o!r less important p>ts4 ,! m&ibles are ! two sides ( ! upp] jaw4 ,plate ,i41 fig4 #a d1 %[s ! m&ible ( ! que51 :i*1 simil> to t ( ! drone 7,plate ,i41 fig4 #c d71 is provid$ ) two tee?1 :il/ ! m&ible ( ! work] 7,plate ,i41 fig4 #b d7 is )\t tee?4 ,! latt] hav+ to manipulate ! wax ) smoo?ness1 ! tee? w\ld d\btless be objectionable4 ,^! m&ibles are /rong1 horny1 & %>p-po9t$1 to assi/ 9 break+ d[n food betwe5 !m1 &1 9 o!r respects1 con/itute s]viceable tools ) :i* to seize _! enemies1 de/roy ! drones1 c4 ,! tongue 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #c71 or proboscis1 is a long1 sl5d] projection1 flatti% 9 =m1 & ab\t ! ?ickness ( a bri/le4 ,x has ab\t =ty c>tilag9\s r+s1 ea* ( :i* is fr+$ ) m9ute hairs1 hav+ also a small tuft ( hair at its extremity1 :]e x is some:at s]rat$4 ,! tongue acts by roll+ ab\t1 sweep+ or lapp+ up1 by means ( ! fr+es ar\nd x1 ev]y?+ to :i* x is appli$2 ?us1 :5 a bee alights ^u a fl[]1 x pi]ces ! petals & /am9a1 :]e ! nect> is secret$1 deposits its collection on ! tongue1 :i*1 :5 )drawn into ! m\?1 propels ! ga!r$ mat]ial into ! gullet 7,plate ,i41 fig4 #b c7 at its base1 & f !nce passes into ! v>i\s int]nal organs1 to :i* ref]5ce w be made h]eaft]4 ,at times1 9 build+ combs1 ! tongue is us$ z a tr[el1 ) :i* ! m9ute scales ( wax are deposit$ 9 _! appropriate places1 & ! desir$ f9i% is giv5 to ! cells4 ,?is organ 0 =m]ly describ$ by naturali/s z a holl[ tube1 b we n[ "k1 by dissection1 t ?is is n ! case1 b t x acts z a bru%1 &1 by a peculi> muscul> contraction ext]nally1 draws ! liquid into ! m\?4 ,?us1 :5 a bee is imbib+ food1 ! r+s ( ! abdom5 h a vibratory motion simil> to pump+1 %[+ to ! casual obs]v] t suction is rapidly go+ on 9 "s =m or o!r4 ,! labial palpi 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #c o7 rise f ! base ( ea* side ( ?is lapp+ in/rum5t1 & are also ciliat$ ext]iorly2 outside ^! are ! l[] jaws1 or maxill 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #b n71 simil>ly provid$ ) hairs4 ,:5 ! jaws 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #c n & o7 close on ! tongue1 !y =m a %ea? or def5ce !reto4 ,) ! m&ibles ( ! upp] jaw op5+ "r & left1 & ! maxill or l[] jaws1 :i* s]ve to hold ! object lab\r$ ^u1 ! insect prep>es its "w = ! sweep+-up app>atus ( ! l[] p>ts4 ,?us1 :5 combs become m\ldy1 or 9 any way unfit receptacles = brood or honey1 ^! tools provid$ by ,nature s]ve ! place ( h&s1 & ! bees are able to *op up 9 small pieces1 & remove f _! dwell+1 :atev] lumb] ( ?is k9d may be (f5sive to !m4 ,! :ole ( ?is app>atus1 :ile p]fect 9 action 9 an exp&$ /ate1 c be fold$ or coil$ toge!r :5 n 9 use1 s z to =m "o /rong & well-protect$ in/rum5t4 ,! ant5n 7,plate ,i41 figs4 #a;a1 #b;a1 #c;a17 are mo/ important in/rum5ts1 & are plant$ betwe5 or bel[ ! eyes & a little bel[ ! ocelli1 "o on ei!r side3 !y consi/ ( a numb] ( tubul> jo9ts1 ea* hav+ a sep>ate motion2 be+ ?us jo9t$ ?r\gh\t _! :ole l5g?1 !y are1 !re=e1 capable ( e v>iety ( flexure1 & _! extremities are exquisitely s5sitive4 ,) ! ant5n1 ^! insects recognise _! que51 & appe> to communicate to ea* o!r _! joys & sorr[s4 ,= in/ance1 if a colony be depriv$ ( its que51 bees may be se5 ru%+ ab\t ! hive1 &1 ) a n]v\s tw+e1 cross+ _! ant5n & convey+ ! intellig5ce ( _! =lorn /ate4 ,! s5se ( t\* is "h mo/ acute4 ,hub] po9ts out a moonlight night z ! be/ "t = obs]v+ ! ant5n 9 ?is respect4 ,! bees gu>d+ aga9/ ! intrusion ( mo?s1 & n hav+ light en\gh to see fully1 circumambulate _! doors l vigilant s5t9els1 ) ! ant5n /ret*$ "r be=e !m2 & woe to ! mo? t comes )9 rea*--! in/ant x is felt1 its dea? foll[s4 ,! s5se ( he>+ has be5 d5i$ bees1 :il/ o!rs cont5d t ^! organs are situate 9 _! ant5n4 ,! s\nds :i* bees emit1 p>ticul>ly at sw>m+ "t1 are conclusive t !y possess ?is faculty2 ! only reason = arriv+ at an opposite conclusion seems to be1 t no precise organ ( he>+ c be f\nd4 ,naturali/s are n[ m unit$ 9 ! op9ion t ! seat ( he>+ is "h locat$4 ,! ant5n are said to h also ano!r (fice1 viz41 t !y act z a b>omet]1 by :i* bees "k ! /ate ( ! wea!r & are premoni%$ ( /orms2 s t ?is pair ( horns play an important "p1 s9ce su* useful faculties are ?us comb9$4 ,9 ! d>k recesses ( ! hive ! ant5nas are exce$+ly s]viceable1 & may truly be d5om9at$ eyes to ! bl9d4 ,bees possess acutely ! s5ses ( ta/e & smell4 ,9 consequ5ce ( _! be+ detect$ occasionally lapp+ ! impure liquids f /able or o!r ftid dra9s1 ,hub] consid]$ ! =m] ! lea/ p]fect ( _! s5ses4 ,x is n[ asc]ta9$ t bees1 l mo/ animals1 are fond ( salt2 & 9 spr+1 m especially1 _! in/9ct tea*es !m t salt is b5eficial = _! heal? aft] _! w9t] conf9em5t1 & !y !re=e resort to dunghills & ,/agnant m>%es1 f :i* !y are1 d\btless1 able to extract sal9e draughts4 ,x _c be d5i$1 h[ev]1 t1 accord+ to our ideas1 bees' ta/e is o!rwise at fault2 x sometimes happ5s t1 :]e onions & leeks ab\nd & are all[$ to run to se$1 bees are s anxi\s to complete _! w9t] /ores1 t1 f fe$+ on ^! plants1 a disagreeable flav\r is communicat$ to ! honey4 ,aga91 ! fact1 well kn[n 9 hi/ory1 relat$ by ,x5ophon 9 ! retreat ( ! ,t5 ,?\s&1 t bees 9 ,asia ,m9or extract$ honey f plants :i* _h n only a disagreeable b a poison\s t5d5cy to man1 %[s t x is q possible1 :]e su* poison\s plants ab\nd1 = ! bees to extract ! juices )\t any injury to !mselves4 ,! s5se ( smell1 s l>gely possess$ by bees1 is extremely s]viceable to !m4 ,attract$ by ! fragrance ( fl[]s1 bees may be se5 w++ _! way a consid]able di/ance 9 an undeviat+ c\rse1 ev5 sometimes 9 ! face ( wea!r :i* "o might h ?\ght !y w\ld n h brav$4 ,! ?orax or *e/ approa*es 9 figure to a sph]e1 & is unit$ to ! head by a ?read-l ligam5t4 ,?is is ! c5tre ( ! organs ( motion4 ,"h are atta*$ bo? ! muscles t move ! legs & w+s1 & ! legs & w+s !mselves4 ,9 ,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #a1 b1 b1 b1 %[ ! muscles t move ! w+s2 e1 e1 ! bases ( ! w+s4 ,! w+s consi/ ( two pairs ( unequal size1 :i* are hook$ to "o ano!r4 ,9 ,plate ,i41 fig4 ,a1 w be se5 ! m>g9s ( ! two w+s4 ,9 fig4 ,b are ! eighte5 or tw5ty hooks plac$ on ! ant]ior m>g9 ( ! h9d] w+1 :il/ ! po/]ior m>g9 ( ! =e w+ is beautifully fold$ ov] to receive !m1 s t1 :5 di/5d$ = fly+1 ! two w+s on ea* side act z "o to /eady _! movem5ts 9 flight4 ,! bee has six legs1 ?ree on ei!r side4 ,ea* leg is compos$ ( sev]al jo9ts1 hav+ articulations l a man's arm1 = ! ?igh1 ! leg1 & ! foot4 ,! =emo/ pair ( ^! are ! %orte/2 ) !m ! bee unloads ! little pellets f ! baskets on h] ?ighs3 ! middle pair are some:at long]1 & ! h9dmo/ ! longe/ ( all4 ,on ! outside ( ! middle jo9t ( ^! la/ !re is1 9 ea* leg1 a small cavity1 9 ! =m ( a m>r[ spoon1 call$ ! poll5 basket4 ,9 ,plate ,i41 fig4 #b b %[s ! inn] side ( ! h9d leg & poll5 bru%2 #b b991 same figure1 ! out] side & poll5 basket4 ,! legs are cov]$ ) hairs1 m p>ticul>ly ! edges ( ! cavity m5tion$1 9 :i* ! knead$ poll5 requires to be ma9ta9$ securely4 ,9 ?is !y convey ^? loads ( poll5 :i* are s con/antly se5 c>ri$ into a hive4 ,?is basket1 or poll5 groove1 9 ! ?igh is peculi> to ! work]2 nei!r que5 nor drone h any?+ ( ! k9d4 ,ano!r provision ( ! bee's limbs consi/s 9 a pair ( hooks atta*$ to ea* foot1 ) _! po9ts opposite to ea* o!r1 by means ( :i* ! bees susp5d !mselves f ! ro( or sides ( hives1 & cl+ to ea* o!r z !y d at sw>m+ "t or prior to & dur+ ! =mation ( new comb1 ?us =m+ a liv+ curta94 ,9 ^! circum/ances1 ea* bee1 ) its two =e claws1 takes hold ( ! two h9d] legs ( ! "o next above x4 ,?is mode ( susp5sion is1 no d\bt1 agreeable to !m1 al?\gh ! upp]mo/ bees appe> to be dragg$ by ! weight ( ! :ole4 ,wildman suppos$ t bees _h a p[] ( di/5d+ !mselves ) air1 to acquire buoyancy1 & ?us less5 ! burd5 ( ! topmo/ bees4 ,!y f9d no difficulty 9 extricat+ !mselves f ! mass2 ! mo/ c5tral ( ! gr\p c make its way )\t endang]+ ! /ability ( ! grape-l clu/]4 ,bees are able to walk freely 9 an inv]t$ position1 ei!r on glass or o!r slipp]y sub/ances4 ,! peculi> me*anism ( _! feet1 :i* enables !m to d s1 consi/s 9 _! hav+ 9 ! middle ( ea* hook a ?9 membran\s little cup or suck] t is alt]nately exhau/$ & fill$ ) air4 ,flies h ! same beautiful app>atus--h5ce a fly commonly selects ! ceil+ = a re/+-place4 ,^! little air-cups1 or exhau/$ receiv]s1 may be se5 by apply+ a /rong magnify+-glass to a w9d[ t has a bee trav]s+ ! rev]se side4 ,! edges ( ^! little suck]s are s]rat$1 s z to close aga9/ any k9d ( surface to :i* _! legs may be appli$4 ,?is app>atus may be also s]viceable = ga!r+ ! poll5 be=e transmitt+ x to ! baskets on ! h9d legs4 ,besides ^! app5dages & app>atus ( ! ?orax1 t region is trav]s$ by ! sophagus or gullet 7! op5+ to :i* w be f\nd 9 ,plate ,i1 fig4 #b c71 on its way to ! dige/ive & o!r organs1 situate 9 ! ?ird "p ( ! insect--viz41 ! abdom54 ,! cov]+ ( ! ?orax1 ) ! ext]nal cov]+ ( ! gullet1 may be se5 9 ! draw+ ( ! magnifi$ dissect$ body ( ! bee 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #a74 ,! brea?+ app>atus ( bees is a v rem>kable feature3 !y h no lungs1 b1 in/ead1 air-vessels or tubes1 ramify+ ?r\gh e "p ( ! frame4 ,^! op5+s1 call$ spiracles1 are f\nd 9 ! sides ( _! bodies1 beh9d ! w+s4 ,two ( ! op5+s are locat$ 9 ! ?orax1 & "o on ea* side ( ! scales ( ! abdom54 ,^! air-vessels w\ld be difficult to %[ 9 a draw+1 ! multitude ( hairs :i* protect !m are 9 ! way ( gett+ at a v di/9ct del9eation4 ,! writ] has trac$ _! oval =m by ! aid ( ,messrs4 ,smi? & ,beck's ,b9ocul> ,microscope1 & exce$+ly int]e/+ objects !y appe>$4 ,f ! circum/ance ( bees brea?+ ?r\gh ^! orifices 9 _! bodies1 x w n be difficult to und]/& h[ sadly ! little creatures mu/ be inconv5i5c$ :51 by accid5t1 !y fall on loose m\ld1 & ?us h _! brea?+ pores *ok$ ) du/3 x also %[s h[ ne$ful x is to prev5t bees be+ besme>$ ) honey 7by us+ bad appliances = fe$+71 :i* is /ill m injuri\s to !m4 ,^! air-vessels are ! only real circulat+ sy/em1 z bees h nei!r lungs1 he>t1 liv]1 nor blood4 ,x appe>s1 h[ev]1 t a :ite fluid matt]1 call$ *yle1 :i*1 9 degree1 answ]s ! purpose ( blood1 is produc$ 9 ! inte/9es1 n\ri%es ! body1 receives ! oxyg5 f ! air-vessels1 & g5]ates t animal w>m? s necess>y = ! insect's well-be+4 ,bees h ! p[] ( c\nt]act+ sup]abundant heat by p]spiration4 ,n unfrequ5tly1 on a hot summ]'s morn+1 a good deal ( moi/ure may be notic$ at ! entrance ( a cr[d$ hive1 :i* ! inmates h be5 enabl$ to ?r[ (f4 ,?is is a heal?y sign1 because a sign ( great num]ical /r5g?4 ,! abdom51 atta*$ to ! po/]ior "p ( ! ?orax by a sl5d] ligam5t1 has1 = an out] cov]+1 six folds or scales ( unequal bread?1 ov]lapp+ ea* o!r1 & conta9s ! honey-bag1 or fir/ /oma*1 ! v5tricle1 or true /oma* 7,plate ,,ii41 figs4 #a & #b;f71 ) o!r inte/9es1 to be h]eaft] ref]r$ to4 ,! honey-bag 7,plate ,,ii41 figs4 #a & #b1 d7 is an enl>gem5t ( ! gullet1 &1 al?\gh call$ ! fir/ /oma*1 no dige/ion takes place "h4 ,9 %ape x is l a tap] oil flask2 :5 full1 x is ab\t ! size ( a small pea1 & s transp>5t t ! col\r ( ! honey may be se5 ?r\gh x4 ,?is sac1 z x is sometimes call$1 is susceptible ( contraction1 & s organiz$ z to enable ! bee to disgorge a "p ( its cont5ts at pleasure1 to fill ! honey-cells ( ! hive4 ,x has =m$ a subject ( "s controv]sy :e!r any or :at *ange takes place 9 ! nect> ( fl[]s :il/ 9 ! bee's /oma*4 ,a %ort passage 7,plate ,,ii41 figs4 #a & #b1 f7 leads to ! v5tricle or true /oma*1 :i* is some:at l>g]4 ,?is receives ! food f ! honey-bag1 = ! n\ri%m5t ( ! bee & ! secretion ( wax4 ,! /oma*1 l ! honey-bag1 has a consid]able numb] ( muscles1 :i* are br\ght into play to help ! dige/ive & o!r organs4 ,! bili>y vessels 7,plate ,,ii41 figs4 #a & #b1 h1 h7 receive ! *yle f ! dige/$ food 9 ! /oma*1 :i* f !nce is convey$ to all p>ts ( ! body = its support4 ,=m]ly1 naturali/s ?\ght t wax 0 elaborat$ f poll52 b x is n[ fully kn[n t x is ! animal fat ( ! bees1 & to produce x requires a consid]able consumption ( honey to supply ! dra9 ^u ! sy/em4 ,:il/ ?is secretion is go+ on1 bees keep !mselves v /ill4 ,9 ord] to pass ?r\gh ! pores ( ! abdom51 ! wax is1 no d\bt1 a liquid oily matt]1 :i*1 on mak+ its appe>ance outside ! abdom9al r+s1 ?ick5s1 & exudes f "u ! f\r m$ial r+s1 9 flakes l fi% scales1 "o on ei!r side2 s t !re are eight ( ^! secret+ cavities1 :i* are peculi> to ! work]3 !y are n f\nd ei!r 9 ! que5 or drone4 ,! %ape ( ^! cavities is t ( an irregul> p5tagon1 & ! plates ( wax1 be+ m\ld$ 9 !m1 exhibit accord+ly ! same =m 7see ,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #e1 w74 ,no direct *annel ( communication betwe5 ! /oma* & ^! receptacles1 or wax-pockets1 has yet be5 discov]$2 b ,hub] conjectures t ! secret+ vessels are conta9$ 9 ! membrane :i* l9es ^! receptacles1 & :i* is cov]$ ) a reticulation ( hexagonal me%es1 analog\s to ! inn] coat ( ! second /oma* ( rum9ant quadrup$s4 ,! little plates ( wax are )drawn by ! bee itself1 ) its h9d feet1 c>ri$ to ! m\? ) its =e feet1 :]e ! wax is made s(t & ductile4 ,:5 a clu/] or sw>m is plac$ 9 a new hive1 & ! bees susp5d !mselves 9 ! =m ( a g>l&1 z be=e describ$1 x seems feasible t ! l[] bees pass _! secretions up ! liv+ ladd] to ! upp]mo/ ones1 to be m\ld$ by !m into ^? beautiful :ite hexagonal %apes ( :i* new comb is compos$4 ,! rapidity ) :i* comb-build+ progresses at su* times w\ld lead to ! supposition t !re is a division ( lab\r ( ?is k9d among !m1 j z our lab\r]s convey build+ mat]ial to ! artisan on ! scaffold above4 ,?is "w ( comb-build+ is c>ri$ =w>d 9 w>m wea!r2 a cold temp]ature int]f]es ) ! secretion ( wax4 ,! la/ important organ ( ! abdom5 is ! /+3 ?is small b effective weapon is situate close to ! /oma*1 & is f\nd 9 ! que5 & work]1 b is abs5t 9 ! drone4 ,our engrav+ 7,plate #aa41 fig4 #d7 exhibits ! /+ ( ! work]-bee1 ) its muscles & atta*m5ts3 r %[s ! muscles t move ! /+1 & q ! curv$ base ( ! %ea? t encloses ! /+4 ,mu* beautiful me*anism is obs]v$ on a microscopic exam9ation ( ?is weapon & its app5dages1 s p[]ful 9 comp>ison ) _! bulk4 ,! /+ is compos$ ( ?ree sep>ate portions1 i4 e41 two %ea?s 7z se5 9 ,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #d7 & ! b>b4 ,! %ea?s1 :i* are atta*$ to ! p[]ful muscles on ei!r side at s1 are fir/ protrud$ 9 ! act ( /++1 &1 clasp+ ! b>b1 enables ! insect to bury x 9 ! fle% to ! dep? ( "o-twelf? ( an in*2 at ! same "t1 by a muscul> contraction1 ! poison is =c$ along ! groove1 & ! b>b ent]s ! w\nd1 caus+ ! well-kn[n pa9ful effects :i* arise f ! /+ ( a bee4 ,! d>ts compos+ ?is in/rum5t are furni%$ ) tee? or b>bs1 set obliquely on _! out] side1 :i* give x ! appe>ance ( an arr[1 & by :i* x is reta9$ 9 ! w\nd until ! poison has be5 eject$4 ,if ! suff]] c\ld only comm& himself s z to rema9 p]fectly passive1 ! bee might be able to draw 9 ^! b>bs :i* protrude beyond ! %ea?1 & w\ld !n h a *ance ( )draw+ ! /+3 ! little insect w\ld consequ5tly inflict less pa91 & might p]haps escape pay+ ! p5alty ( h] life4 ,x g5]ally happ5s1 h[ev]1 t ! excitem5t ( bo? p>ties is s great1 t ! poor bee leaves beh9d ! :ole app>atus1 & ev5 "p ( h] inte/9es1 s t h] dea? is ! result1 & ! w\nd is m sev]e4 ,! /+ is ab\t ! six? "p ( an in* long1 & is l>ge/ at ! base4 ,"h are situat$ ! gl&s or ducts 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #d1 u74 ,by ^! ! poison is secret$1 & pass$ into ! poison-bag 7,plate ,,ii41 fig4 #d1 f71 :i* acts z a res]voir = reta9+ x till requir$4 ,on ! subject ( ! /+1 ,paley rem>ks3--,! action ( ! /+ af=ds a beautiful example ( ! union ( *emi/ry & me*anism3 ( *emi/ry1 9 respect to ! v5om1 :i* 9 s small a quantity c produce su* p[]ful effects2 ( me*anism1 z ! /+ is n a simple1 b a comp\nd in/rum5t4 ,! ma*9]y w\ld h be5 comp>atively useless _h x n be5 = ! *emical process1 by :i*1 9 ! insect's body1 honey is conv]t$ into poison2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! poison w\ld h be5 ineffectual )\t an in/rum5t to w\nd1 & a syr+e to inject ! fluid4 ,z be=e /at$1 ! drone has no /+1 b1 9 place !re(1 ! organs ( reproduction4 ,& n[1 9 conclud+ ?is section1 we w\ld rem>k ! wond]ful me*anism & f9i% all ! works ( ! ,great ,ma/] ,build] unfold4 ,9 ! works ( man we see1 p]haps1 a piece ( me*anism ( unque/ion$ beauty & excell5ce2 b !re is a bolt "h or screw !re t might h be5 disp5s$ )1 & does n possess any def9ite use1 :il/ 9 ! works ( ,nature ev]y?+ has a place2 we may n at once compreh5d ! exact purpose ( "s intricate p>ts1 b t only implies t we h n made a ?or\gh inve/igation4 ,! mo/ m9ute hair s]ves its requir$ end4 ,can/ ?\ by se>*+ f9d out ,god8 ,can/ ?\ f9d out ! ,almighty unto p]fection8 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,iii4--,,mod]n ,,bee-,,hives4 ,,nutt',s ,,collat]al ,,hive4 ,! late ,mr4 ,nutt1 au?or ( ,humanity to ,honey ,bees1 may be reg>d$ z a pione] ( mod]n api>ians2 we !re=e select 8 hive :]e) to beg9 a description ( ^? we h confid5ce 9 recomm5d+4 ,besides1 an acc\nt ( ,mr4 ,nutt's hive w necess>ily include ref]5ces to ! v>i\s pr9ciples :i* subsequ5t inv5tors h kept 9 view4 ,nutt's ,collat]al ,hive consi/s ( ?ree boxes plac$ side by side 7,c1 ,a1 ,c71 ) an octagonal box b on ! top1 :i* cov]s a bell-glass4 ,ea* ( ! ?ree boxes is n9e in*es high1 n9e in*es wide1 & elev5 in*es f back to front4 ,?9 wood5 p>titions1 9 :i* six or sev5 op5+s correspond+ ) ea* o!r are made1 divide ^! comp>tm5ts1 s t free access f "o box to ! o!r is af=d$ to ! bees2 ?is communication is /opp$1 :5 necess>y1 by a z9c slide pass+ d[n betwe5 ea* box4 ,! octagonal cov] ,b is ab\t t5 in*es 9 diamet] & tw5ty high1 includ+ ! slop+ octagonal ro(1 surm\nt$ ) an acorn z a f9i%4 ,!re are two l>ge w9d[s 9 ea* ( ! end boxes1 & "o 9 ! c5tre box4 ,across ! latt] is a !rmomet]1 scal$ & m>k$ s z to be an easy guide to ! bee-ma/]1 %[+ him1 by ! rise 9 temp]ature1 ! increas$ accommodation requir$2 ?is !rmomet] is a fixture1 ! indicat+ "p be+ protect$ by two pieces ( glass1 to prev5t ! bees f com+ betwe5 x & ! w9d[1 & !reby ob/ruct+ ! view4 ,illu/ration ,d ,d are v5tilators4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ea* ( ! end boxes is a d\ble z9c tube1 rea*+ d[n a little bel[ ! middle3 ! out] tube is a cas+ ( pla9 z9c1 ) holes1 ab\t a qu>t] ( an in* wide1 disp]s$ ov] x2 ! inside "o is ( p]=at$ z9c1 )' op5+s s small z to prev5t ! escape ( ! bees2 a flange or rim keeps ! tubes susp5d$ ?r\gh a hole made to receive x4 ,! object 9 hav+ d\ble tub+ is to all[ ! inn] "o to be drawn up1 & ! p]=ations to be op5$ by prick+ out ! wax1 or r ! propolis1 ) :i* bees close all op5+s 9 _! hives4 ,^! tubes admit a !rmomet]1 enclos$ 9 a cyl9drical glass1 to be occasionally ins]t$ dur+ ! ga!r+ season2 x requires to be left 9 ! tube = ab\t a qu>t] ( an h\r1 & on its )drawal1 if f\nd indicat+ n9ety degrees or m1 v5tilation mu/ be adopt$ to l[] ! temp]ature4 ,! ornam5tal z9c top ,d mu/ be left rais$1 & is easily kept 9 t position by putt+ ! p]=at$ "p a little on "o side4 ,! boxes be=e describ$ are plac$ on a rais$ d\ble floor-bo>d1 ext5d+ ! :ole l5g?--viz41 ab\t ?irty-six in*es4 ,! floor-bo>d projects a few in*es 9 front4 ,9 ! c5tre is ! entrance 7z our engrav+ only %[s ! back ( ! hive1 we mu/ imag9e x on ! o!r side72 x is made by cutt+ a sunk5 way1 ( ab\t half an in* deep & ?ree in*es wide1 9 ! floor-bo>d1 communicat+ only ) ! middle box2 x is ?r\gh ?is entrance alone t ! bees f9d _! way into ! hive1 access to ! end boxes & ! sup] be+ obta9$ f ! inside4 ,an alight+-bo>d is fitt$ close "u ! entrance1 = ! bees to settle ^u :5 return+ lad5 ) homey4 ,?is alight+-bo>d is removable = ! conv5i5ce ( pack+4 ,! c5tre1 or /ock-box ,a1 call$ by ,mr4 ,nutt ! ,pavilion ( ,nature1 is ! receptacle = ! sw>m4 ,= /ock+ ?is1 x w be necess>y to tack ! side t9s s z to close ! side op5+s 9 ! p>tition1 & to tack "s p]=at$ z9c ov] ! holes at top2 ! sw>m may !n be hiv$ into x j ! same z ) a common hive4 ,a tempor>y bottom bo>d may be us$ if ! box has to be s5t any di/ance1 or a clo? may be ti$ r\nd to close ! bottom 7! latt] plan is be/1 because all[+ pl5ty ( air72 & :5 br\ght home at night1 ! bees be+ clu/]$ at ! top1 ! clo? or tempor>y bottom mu/ be remov$1 ! box g5tly plac$ on its own floor-bo>d1 & ! hive set 9 ! place x is p]man5tly to occupy4 ,e ,e are two block fronts1 :i* op5 ) a h+e4 ,a semicircul> hole1 ?ree in*es long & two in*es wide 9 ! middle1 is cut 9 ! upp] bottom-bo>d1 imm$iately "u ! w9d[ ( ea* box2 ^! ap]tures are clos$ by sep>ate p]=at$ z9c slides4 ,^! blocks1 :5 op5$1 af=d a ready means ( r$uc+ ! temp]ature ( ! side boxes1 a curr5t ( air be+ quickly obta9$1 & are also useful = all[+ ! bees to ?r[ out any refuse4 ,illu/ration ,! c5tre ,f is a draw]1 9 :i* is a fe$+-tr\gh1 s con/ruct$ t ! bees c desc5d ?r\gh ! op5+ be=e m5tion$ on to a false bottom ( p]=at$ z9c4 ,liquid food is easily p\r$ 9 by pull+ out ! draw] a little way2 ! bees readily come d[n on to ! p]=at$ z9c1 & take ! food by ins]t+ _! probosces ?r\gh ! p]=ations1 ) no dang] ( be+ dr[n$4 ,c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ t ! food is n giv5 9 su* quantity z to come above ! holes2 by ?is means2 ea* hive has a supply ( food accessible only to ! inmates1 ) no possibility1 :5 closely %ut 91 ( attract+ robb]-bees f o!r hives4 ,! ext]ior ( ^! hives is well pa9t$ ) two coats ( lead col\r1 cov]$ ) two coats ( gre51 & v>ni%$4 ,not)/&+ ?is pres]vation1 x is absolutely ess5tial to place su* a hive "u a %$ or cov] ( "s sort1 z ! action ( ! sun & ra9 is likely to decay ! wood1 :il/ ! extreme heat ( a summ] sun might cause ! combs to fall f _! f\ndations4 ,neat & ta/eful %$s may be erect$1 ei!r ( z9c support$ by iron or wood5 rods1 or a ?at*$ ro( may be su/a9$ 9 ! same mann]1 & w =m a pretty addition to ! fl[]-g>d54 ,:5 erect+ a cov]+1 x w be well to make x a foot or two long]1 s z to all[ ( a cottage hive on ei!r side1 z ! appe>ance ( ! :ole is mu* improv$ by su* an arrangem5t4 ,! foll[+ directions1 ) "s adaptation1 are f ,nutt on ,honey-,bees3-- ,9 ! middle box ! bees are to be fir/ plac$3 9 x !y %\ld fir/ con/ruct _! beautiful combs1 & "u ! gov]nm5t ( "o sov]eign1 ! "m ( ! hive1 c>ry on _! curi\s "w1 & display _! a/oni%+ ar*itectural +5uity4 ,9 ?is box1 ! reg9a ( ! colony1 surr\nd$ by h] indu/ri\s1 happy1 humm+ subjects1 c>ries on ! propagation ( h] species1 deposits 9 ! cells prep>$ = ! purpose by ! o!r bees ?\s&s ( eggs1 ?\gh %e seldom deposits m ?an "o egg 9 a cell at a "t3 ^! eggs are nurs$ up into a num]\s prog5y by ! o!r inhabitants ( ! hive4 ,x is at ?is "t1 :5 hundr$s ( "y bees are daily com+ into exi/5ce1 t ! collat]al boxes are ( ! utmo/ importance1 bo? to ! bees domicil$ 9 !m & to _! proprietors2 = :5 ! brood become p]fect bees 9 a common cottag]'s hive1 a sw>m is ! necess>y consequ5ce4 ,! que51 accompani$ by a va/ numb] ( h] subjects1 leaves ! colony1 & seeks "s o!r place 9 :i* to c>ry on ! "w ,nature has assign$ h]4 ,b z sw>m+ may1 by prop] precaution & att5tion to ?is mode ( managem5t1 g5]ally be prev5t$1 x is good practice to d s1 because ! "t necess>ily requir$ to e/abli% a new colony1 ev5 suppos+ ! cottag] succe$s 9 sav+ ! sw>m1 w\ld o!rwise be employ$ 9 collect+ honey1 & 9 enri*+ ! old hive4 ,"h1 !n1 is "o ( ! features ( ?is plan--viz41 ! prev5tion ( sw>m+4 ,! p]iod :5 symptoms ( sw>m+ beg9 to pres5t !mselves may be kn[n by an unusual noise1 ! appe>ance ( m ?an common activity among ! bees 9 ! middle box1 &1 above all1 by a sudd5 rise ( temp]ature1 :i* w be indicat$ by ! quicksilv] 9 ! !rmomet] ris+ to sev5ty-five degrees1 z scal$ on ! !rmomet] 9 ! box2 :5 ^! symptoms are app>5t1 ! bee-ma/] may conclude t additional space is requir$4 ,! top slid+ t9 %\ld n[ be )drawn f "u ! bell-glass1 :i* w op5 to ! bees a new /ore-room2 ?is !y w soon occupy1 & fill ) combs & honey ( pure :it5ess1 if ! wea!r be fav\rable = _! un9t]rupt$ lab\r4 ,x may be well "h to m5tion1 t if ! glass h a small piece ( clean work] comb atta*$ to ! p]=at$ v5tilat+ tube1 ! bees w m spe$ily comm5ce _! op]ations 9 x4 ,:5 ! glass is ne>ly fill$1 :i* 9 a good season w be 9 a v %ort space ( "t1 ! bees w aga9 require increas$ accommodation2 ?is w also be indicat$ by ! !rmomet] fur!r ris+ to eighty-five degrees4 ,! end box1 z !reon m>k$1 mu/ n[ be giv5 !m4 ,previ\sly to draw+ up a slide to enl>ge _! cr[d$ h\se1 ! manag] %\ld c>efully take (f ! empty end box he int5ds to op5 to !m1 & ?or\ghly cleanse x1 & !n sme> or dress ! inside ( x ) a little liquid honey4 ,?us prep>$1 he mu/ return ! box to its prop] situation1 & !n )draw ! slid+ t9 t hi!rto has cut x (f f ! middle box2 by s do+1 ! /ore-room is aga9 enl>g$4 ,! bees w comm5ce op]ations 9 ?is new ap>tm5t4 ,?is simple op]ation1 p]=m$ at ! prop] "t1 g5]ally prev5ts sw>m+2 by x ! que5 ga9s a va/ addition to h] dom9ions1 &1 consequ5tly1 increas+ space = ! multiply+ population ( h] domicile4 ,provid$ ! wea!r cont9ue f9e1 & ! !rmomet] has ris5 to n9ety-five degrees1 z m>k$ on ! scale1 ! rema9+ t9 may be also )drawn1 !reby giv+ ! bees admittance to ano!r box4 ,!re is n[ no lack ( /ore-rooms or ( employm5t = our indefatigable lab\r]s4 ,! cyl9d] !rmomet] is requir$ to be occasionally dropp$ into ! v5tilat+ tube ( ! side boxes to asc]ta9 _! temp]ature2 =1 if exce$+ or approa*+ t ( ! middle box1 x mu/ be r$uc$ by v5tilat+3 ?is is done by rais+ ! z9c tops1 to all[ ! air to pass ?r\gh ! p]=ations4 ,! gr& object ( ?is sy/em is to keep ! end boxes & ! bell-glass cool] ?an ! pavilion or middle box1 s z to induce ! que5 to propagate h] species !re & !re only1 & n 9 ! depriv+ "p ( ! hive2 by ?is means ! side & upp] combs are 9 no way discol\r$ by brood4 ,! que5 requires a consid]able degree ( w>m?2 ! middle box does n require m v5tilation ?an ! additional op5+s af=d4 ,! bees enjoy coolness 9 ! side boxes1 & !reby ! :it5ess & purity ( ! lusci\s /ore are increas$4 ,aft] ! =ego+ directions = ! work+ ( ! hive1 x rema9s to be told h[ to obta9 possession ( ! /ore1 & to get rid ( our indu/ri\s t5ants f ! sup] & end boxes1 ( :i* ! sup] glass w be almo/ sure to be fill$ fir/1 hav+ be5 fir/ giv5 to !m4 ,! op]ation ( tak+ honey is be/ p]=m$ 9 ! middle ( a f9e sunny day4 ,! mode we pref] is z foll[s3--,pass an ord9>y table-knife all r\nd und]nea? ! rim ( ! glass1 to loos5 ! cem5t1 prop]ly call$ propolis2 !n take a piece ( f9e wire1 or a piece ( /r+ w d1 &1 hav+ hold ( ! two ends1 draw x "u ! glass v sl[ly1 s z to all[ ! bees to get out ( ! way4 ,hav+ br\ght ! /r+ ?r\gh1 ! glass is n[ sep>at$ f ! hive2 b x is z well to leave ! glass 9 its place = an h\r or s2 ! commotion ( ! bees w !n h subsid$3 & ano!r advantage we f9d is1 t ! bees suck up ! liquid & seal up ! cells brok5 by ! cutt+ (f4 ,y c !n pass und]nea? ! glass two pieces ( t9 or z9c2 ! "o may be ! prop] slide to prev5t ! inmates ( ! hive com+ out at ! ap]tures1 ! o!r t9 keeps all ! bees 9 ! glass close prison]s4 ,aft] hav+ conf9$ ! bees 9 ! glass = a %ort "t1 y mu/ see :e!r !y manife/ symptoms ( uneas9ess1 because1 if !y d n1 x may be conclud$ t ! que5 is among !m4 ,9 su* a case1 replace ! glass1 & recomm5ce ! op]ation on a future day4 ,x is n (t5 t h] maje/y is 9 ! depriv+ hive or glass2 b ?is circum/ance does sometimes happ51 & ! removal at su* a "t mu/ be avoid$4 ,:5 ! bees t are prison]s run ab\t 9 great confusion & re/lessness1 ! op]ator may conclude t ! que5 is abs5t1 & t all is "r4 ,! glass may be tak5 away a little di/ance (f1 & plac$ 9 a fl[]-pot or o!r receptacle1 :]e x w be safe :5 inv]t$ & ! t9 tak5 away3 ! bees w !n be glad to make _! escape back to _! hive4 ,a little tapp+ at ! sides ( ! glass w r5d] _! t>riance uncom=table1 & ! glass may !n be tak5 into a d>k5$ room or out-h\se1 ) only a small ap]ture admitt+ light1 :i* mu/ be op52 ! bees1 l all insects1 make t[>ds ! light1 & s escape4 ,! bee-ma/] %\ld bru% !m (f ) a fea!r f ! comb z !y c be rea*$2 b on no acc\nt1 if !re are _m bees1 %\ld ! glass be left1 because ! bees t are 9 ! glass w gorge !mselves to _! full1 & spe$ily br+ a ho/ ( o!rs f ! adjac5t hives1 :o1 9 a v little "t1 w\ld leave only ! empty combs4 ,x is truly m>vell\s h[ soon !y w c>ry all ! /ore back aga91 if all[$ to d s4 ,an empty glass %\ld be put on to ! hive 9 place ( ! full "o1 z x w attract ! bees up1 !reby prev5t+ ! too close cr[d+ ( ! hive2 &1 if ! summ] be n too f> advanc$1 !y w "w m honey-comb 9 x4 ,! removal ( ! end boxes is a some:at simil> process1 b !y %\ld on no acc\nt be tak5 away1 at ! same "t z ! glass1 or1 inde$1 at a "t :5 any o!r hive is be+--robb$ we 7 go+ to say1 = x is robb]y to ! bees3 !y int5d$ ! honey = _! w9t] food1 & are mu* enrag$ at be+ depriv$ ( x4 ,fir/ %ut d[n ! divid+ t92 ! bees 9 ! end box are n[ prison]s sep>at$ f ! hive2 keep !m s half an h\r1 & !n take away ! box bodily to ano!r "p ( ! g>d51 or into ! d>k out-h\se1 z be=e recomm5d$4 ,x may n be out ( place "h to say some?+ respect+ ! en?usia/ic inv5tor ( ! collat]al hive--,?omas ,nutt--:o 0 an inhabitant ( ,spald+1 9 ,l9coln%ire4 ,hav+ be5 disabl$ dur+ a consid]able p]iod by rheumatic fev]1 he devot$ all 8 att5tion to bees1 at a "t :5 bee-culture 0 b little valu$2 &1 al?\gh x mu/ be admitt$ t two boxes 7 us$ side by side long be=e ,mr4 ,nutt's day1 /ill x is due to him to /ate t ! adoption ( ?ree boxes 0 entirely 8 own idea1 & t1 s f> z he !n knew1 ! collat]al sy/em 0 8 orig9al inv5tion4 ,8 /atem5ts h be5 sev]ely criticis$1 & x does appe> almo/ incr$ible t ! weight ( honey :i* he names c\ld h be5 produc$ 9 "o season4 ,b z 9 ! di/rict :]e he liv$ !re is gr[n an imm5se quantity ( mu/>d se$--! fl[]s ( :i* af=d excell5t =age = bees--! honey h>ve/s !re w\ld1 d\btless1 be v l>ge4 ,if ,mr4 ,nutt has giv5 8 little fav\rites too mu* praise1 x w be only *>itable n[ to acc\nt = 8 /atem5ts by an excess ( zeal & en?usiasm 9 ?is 8 /udy ( bee-culture4 ,x may be t ! gold5 h>ve/s he spoke & wrote ( h be5 s f> useful t !y h induc$ _m to comm5ce bee-keep+1 "s ( :om1 :il/ !y condemn$ 8 /atem5ts1 h !mselves writt5 really useful & practical works on ! subject1 :i* o!rwise might possibly nev] h appe>$4 ,z ! monks ( old kept ! lamp ( religion burn+1 h[ev] dimly1 until a m enlight5$ age1 s ,?omas ,nutt may h assi/$ 9 a some:at simil> mann] by en]getically prop\nd+ 8 views1 & !reby caus+ o!r api>ians to rise up1 ^: names are n[ z famili> to u z h\sehold words1 & ^: works po/]ity w value4 ,! writ] ( ^! pages has (t5 accompani$ ,mr4 ,nutt on 8 visits to 8 patrons 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,london1 & se5 him p]=m 8 op]ations reg>dless ( ! ang] ( ! bees1 & free f all fe> ( _! /+s4 ,he (t5 expatiat$ on ! cruelty ( ! brim/one mat* & suffocation1 d5\nc+ ! b>b>\s cu/om 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 ,y may z well kill ! c[ = h] milk1 or ! h5 = h] eggs1 z ! bee = its honey2 :y cont9ue to light ! fatal mat*1 :5 e cottag] 9 ,engl& has ! means ( sav+ ?is mo/ useful & valuable insect8 ,,neighb\r',s ,,improv$ ,,s+le ,,box ,,hive4 ,we h introduc$ ! ,s+le ,box ,hive to suit ! conv5i5ce ( ^? :o1 ?\gh desir\s ( keep+ bees on ! improv$ pr9ciple1 d n wi% to incur ! exp5se or devote ! space :i* is necess>y = ,nutt's hive4 ,illu/ration ,x consi/s ( a l[] or /ock-box ,a1 elev5 in*es squ>e1 n9e in*es deep1 ) ?ree l>ge w9d[s1 a !rmomet] ,d1 z 9 ,nutt's1 be+ fix$ across ! front "o1 protect$ at ! sides by /rips ( glass1 to prev5t ! bees obscur+ ! quicksilv] f sight1 ,b is a cov] ! same size z ! l[] hive1 l>ge en\gh to all[ space = a bell-glass n9e in*es wide1 six in*es deep4 ,e is ! v5tilator betwe5 ! glass & ! /ock-hive1 int5d$ to prev5t ! que5 travell+ into ! sup] hive1 & also1 by cool+ ! hive1 to endeav\r to prev5t sw>m+2 a slop+ pagoda ro(1 ) an acorn top1 completes ! upp] /ory4 ,a floor-bo>d ) a block front1 z 9 ,nutt's collat]al1 =ms ! base1 ! entrance be+ sunk1 z be=e describ$1 & furni%$ ) z9c slides to r$uce or close x z may be requir$4 ,to /ock a hive ( ?is description1 x is necess>y to s5d ! /ock-box to ! p>ty ) :om y h agre$ = ! supply ( a sw>m4 ,9 ! ev5+ ( ! day ! hive is ?us t5ant$1 remove x to ! position x is design$ p]man5tly to occupy2 if ! sw>m has to be procur$ f a di/ance1 & is transport$ by rail or o!r conveyance1 a p]=at$ z9c slide %\ld be sub/itut$ = ! pla9 slide t cov]s ! top1 & a l>ge piece or p]=at$ z9c mu/ also be tack$ to ! bottom aft] ! sw>m has settl$ 94 ,?us securely conf9$1 ) a free circulation ( air ?r\gh\t1 bees t h be5' sw>m$ ! day be=e may be safely s5t any di/ance t w all[ ( _! be+ releas$ ! day aft]2 because bees1 ?\gh !y provision !mselves = a c\ple ( days1 _c ) safety be conf9$ 9 an empty hive mu* long]4 ,hav+ n[1 we w suppose1 procur$ y\r sw>m1 & plac$ x 9 a s\? or s\?-ea/ aspect1 y may1 ) advantage if ! wea!r be wet1 give a little liquid food3 ! fe$+ 9 ?is hive is p]=m$ at ! top ( ! /ock-box1 :]e ! glass is work$4 ,our r\nd fe$+ pan1 or ! new fe$+ bottle1 may "h be us$4 ,any fancy z to ! position may be indulg$ 91 b mu/ be settl$ on by ! "t ! bees are set at lib]ty1 because any alt]ation aft]w>ds is detrim5tal to ! work+ ( ! hive4 ,! bees1 on fir/ issu+ =?1 c>efully m>k _! new abode & ! surr\nd+ objects1 s t1 if a *ange be made1 !y are completely ?r[n out 9 _! obs]vations1 :i* confuses !m n a little1 & occasions loss4 ,bees always return to ! same spot2 x is ! locality t !y "k1 & if ! hive is mov$ a less di/ance ?an a mile1 ?\s&s return to ! spot on :i* ! hive has be5 accu/om$ to /&4 ,all[ y\r bees to collect honey & build _! combs = t5 days or a =tnight4 ,mu* n[ dep5ds on ! wea!r2 if f9e1 by ?is "t !y w require additional room1 :i* w be indicat$ by ! !rmomet] ,d rapidly ris+2 #ajj degrees is ! sw>m+ po9t4 ,! hive mu/ be kept bel[ ?is by v5tilation4 ,access mu/ n[ be giv5 to ! flat bell-glass at ! top1 :i* is done by )draw+ ! top slide4 ,9 a few h\rs1 sometimes imm$iately1 ! "w ( comb-build+ beg9s 9 ! glass--all ! soon]1 if a piece ( clean empty comb be plac$ !re94 ,x is ( s]vice to keep ! glass w>m by means ( a wor/$ or baize bag2 x prev5ts ! temp]ature f fall+ at night1 :5 mu* comb-build+ is c>ri$ on1 provid+ ! heat is n all[$ to escape4 ,probably1 if all goes on well1 9 ?ree weeks ! glass w be f\nd fill$ ) f9e :ite honey-comb4 ,:5 y f9d t ! comb is well seal$ up1 x is "t to take x (f2 b if ! cells are unfill$ & unseal$1 let ! lab\r]s complete _! "w--a little exp]i5ce w soon enable ! bee-keep] to det]m9e ?is po9t4 ,! plan to be adopt$ = tak+ glasses ( honey1 comb is ! same z describ$ = ,nutt's hive4 ,,taylor',s ,,amateur ,,%all[ ,,box ,,or ,,eight-,,b> ,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,taylor's ,amateur ,hive1 z se5 by ref]5ce to ! engrav+1 consi/s ( ?ree boxes--! l[] "o1 ,a1 is ! /ock-box1 9 :i* ! sw>m is fir/ plac$2 ,b is ! fir/ sup]2 & ,c1 ! c5tre box3 all ?ree boxes are ( ! same diamet]1 viz41 ?irte5 & a half in*es squ>e inside1 ,a1 ! /ock-box1 is sev5 & a half in*es deep2 ,b1 six & a half in*es3 bo? are fitt$ ) eight moveable b>s1 ea* b> be+ "o in* & an eigh? wide1 ) spaces ( half an in* betwe51 & all easily remov$ by unscrew+ ! cr[n-bo>d1 9 :i* are two op5+s clos$ by z9c slides4 ,! middle box1 ,c1 has no b>s1 & is /ill %all[] ?an ei!r ( ! o!r boxes1 be+ five in*es deep4 ,9 _m localities & seasons1 ! ?ird box may n be requir$4 ,ea* box has two w9d[s1 "o at ! back & ano!r at ! side1 a z9c %utt]1 slid+ 9 a groove1 exclud+ light & reta9+ w>m?4 ,! box ,c diff]s f ! o!rs 9 ano!r respect2 in/ead ( b>s1 x has a grat+ made by sev5 op5+s1 ea* half an in* wide & n9e in*es long3 ^! ?ree boxes /& on a /\t floor-bo>d1 9 :i* is cut ! entrance way1 f\r in*es wide & ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* high4 ,! floor-bo>d projects s z to support an out] cov] ( half-in* wood1 surm\nt$ by a slop+ ro(4 ,?is is an effectual protection f ! wea!r1 & is necess>y :5 hives are expos$2 ( c\rse1 if plac$ 9 a bee-h\se1 su* protection may be disp5s$ )4 ,! out] case is well pa9t$1 ( a gre5 col\r1 & :5 x is us$ ! hive may be plac$ 9 any "p ( ! g>d54 ,! dim5sions ( ?is hive1 ) outside cov]1 are eighte5 in*es squ>e1 & two feet six in*es high4 ,suitable /&s are provid$1 consi/+ ( a /\t p$e/al ) f\r feet4 ,/akes %\ld be driv5 into ! gr\nd to secure ! :ole aga9/ w9d4 ,height f ! gr\nd1 f\r feet ?ree in*es4 ,! b>s be=e allud$ to are = ! purpose ( induc+ ! bees to build p>allel combs1 = )\t su* an arrangem5t extraction w\ld be impossible4 ,x is a great conv5i5ce1 9 _m ways1 to be able to take out a b> ( comb2 x gives su* a complete control ov] ! hive4 ,to ensure comb-build+ on ! b>s1 pieces ( clean work]-comb %\ld always be c>efully pres]v$2 & be=e a sw>m is put 91 ei!r e b> or1 if guide comb is n pl5tiful1 e o!r b> %\ld h a piece fix$ to x 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--,cut a piece ( clean empty comb ( ! requir$ size1 say two in*es squ>e1 n less2 heat a common flat iron1 ) :i* slightly w>m ! b>2 !n melt a little bees'-wax ^u x2 draw ! comb quickly ov] ! heat$ iron1 hold x d[n on ! c5tre ( ! b>1 giv+ a v slight movem5t backw>ds & =w>ds2 !n leave ! wax to gr[ cold1 &1 if clev]ly manag$1 ! guide w be f\nd firmly atta*$4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t ! pit* or incl9ation ( ! comb be ! same z x is 9 ! hives--upw>ds f ! c5tre ( ea* comb4 ,a new plan has lately be5 introduc$ by ,mr4 ,woodbury1 ( ,exet]1 to facilitate ! correct con/ruction ( p>allel combs4 ,,neighb\r',s ,,improv$ ,,cottage ,,hive4 ,our ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive is neatly made ( /raw1 b\nd ) cane1 & !re=e v durable4#i ,! l[] hive is cov]$ ) a wood5 top1 hav+ 9 x ?ree holes1 ?r\gh :i* ! bees convey _! honey into ?ree middle-siz$ bell glasses ) v5tilators1 :i*1 :5 fill$1 hold ab\t #f lbs4 ea*4 ,!re is a hoop at ! bottom1 ano!r r\nd ! top ( ! l[] hive2 to ?is ! wood5 cr[n-bo>d is fa/5$4 ,^! hoops are a great improvem5t1 & are less liable to h>b\r insects ?an if /raw alone 7 us$4 ,! floor-bo>d1 z its "n implies1 is a wood5 bo>d "o & a qu>t] in* ?ick1 ) a projection ( ?ree or f\r in*es "u ! entrance to =m an alight+ place4 ,?is entrance is cut out (1 or sunk 91 ! bo>d4 ,footnote #i3 ,?is is ! hive ref]r$ to by ! ,bee-,ma/] ( ! ,times1 :5 he says3--,! second k9d ( hive ,i allud$ to is made ( /raw1 & may be pur*as$ at ,neighb\r's1 9 ,holborn4444 ,x is s well made t x w la/ v long4 ,i h _h "o 9 con/ant use dur+ t5 ye>s1 & x is /ill z good z :5 x 0 b\ght4 ,illu/ration ,!re are ?ree w9d[s 9 ! l[] hive1 ea* clos$ ) a %utt]2 ^! are v useful & int]e/+ = inspect+ ! progress made4 ,across ! c5tre w9d[ is a !rmomet]1 enclos$ at ! sides by slips ( glass4 ,! w9d[ %utt]s be+ pa9t$ gre51 add v mu* to its appe>ance4 ,! upp] hive1 :i* is m]ely a cov] = ! glasses1 is a conical-topp$ hive1 also made ( /raw b\nd ) cane2 a hoop is work$ into ! /raw1 & made suffici5tly l>ge to all[ ! cov] to drop ov] ! top hoop ( ! l[] hive1 keep+ ! :ole close1 & prev5t+ wet f drift+ 94 ,a z9c v5tilator1 ornam5tally pa9t$1 =ms ! apex3 ?is is useful 9 lett+ ! conf9$ hot air pass away 9 w>m wea!r4 ,! v5tilator is op5$ by rais+ x4 ,! dim5sions ( ! l[] or /ock-hive are fifte5 in*es diamet]1 n9e & a half in*es deep outside2 its weight1 :5 empty1 sev5 & a half p\nds4 ,! cov]1 or top hive1 is twelve in*es deep & fifte5 in*es 9 diamet]2 ! ornam5tal z9c top be+ f\r in*es deep4 ,! :ole is ab\t tw5ty-f\r in*es high4 ,! weight ( a hive pack$1 includ+ glasses1 c41 is ab\t #ah lbs4 ,^! hives h a ta/eful appe>ance 9 ! g>d51 b !y require "s fur!r protection f ! wea!r 9 ! =m ( a cov] or ( a bee-h\se--contrivances t h yet to be describ$4 ,9 extreme cold wea!r1 a little additional protection1 by hav+ matt+ fold$ r\nd !m1 w be advisable4 ,"o ( ! advantages ?is hive has ov] ! common cottage hive is1 t x af=ds opportunity = ! humane managem5t ( bees4 ,! own] has also ! p[] ( tak+ a glass ( honey-comb ( pure quality1 free f ! extrane\s matt] kn[n z bee-bread1 in/ead ( combs t are d>k5$ by hav+ brood hat*$ 9 !m4 ,by ?is sy/em1 we h combs newly made & us$ only = deposit+ ! honey fir/ put into !m2 h5ce ! "n virg9 honey4 ,^! glasses h a v pretty appe>ance1 &1 :5 nicely fill$1 are v conv5i5t = home use or = mak+ pres5ts4 ,! l[] hive is ! receptacle = ! bees2 :5 a sw>m is plac$ 9 ?is hive1 !y imm$iately proce$ to fill x ) combs1 9 :i* to /ore honey = !mselves1 & = cells to bre$ 94 ,?is hive rema9s undi/urb$4 ,! be/ mode ( t5ant+ a hive ( ?is description is by plac+ an e>ly & /rong sw>m 9 x1 :i* may be g5]ally procur$ ( a neighb\r+ bee-keep]2 if f a di/ance1 consid]able c>e is necess>y to admit pl5ty ( air2 ! %ak+ att5dant ^u c>riage irritates ! bees s mu*1 t1 if n well v5tilat$1 !re is dang] ( ! sw>m be+ /ifl$1 & ! f9] ! sw>m1 ! great] ! dang]4 ,= ! purpose ( v5tilation1 remove ! slides & sub/itute p]=at$ z9c1 wrapp+ ! hive up 9 a co>se clo? ( op5 texture 7disp5s+ ) ! floor-bo>d dur+ transit :5 ! di/ance is great74 ,x is necess>y only to s5d ! l[] or /ock hive to ! p>ty furni%+ ! sw>m1 tak+ ! precaution to fix ! slides at top ) tacks1 z ! hive has to be inv]t$ to receive ! bees4 ,!y are %ak5 into x 9 ! usual mann]1#aj z !y clu/] ar\nd ! bran* ( ! tree or %rub on :i* !y may h *os5 to alight4 ,aft] ! hiv+ is accompli%$1 ! hive %\ld be left ne> to cat* any /raggl]s1 = !re w always be a few2 t[>ds ev5+1 close ! entrance1 & remove !m to ! exact position !y are int5d$ p]man5tly to occupy4 ,success dep5ds on ?is1 & also on _! c>eful removal on ! day or ev5+ ( sw>m+4 ,! foll[+ morn+ ! bees lab\r 9 ! new location1 m>k+ well _! habitation be=e !y take flight1 & to :i* !y w n fail to return1 load$ ) lusci\s /ore4 ,footnote #aj3 ,sometimes sw>ms alight on trunks ( trees or on walls1 :]e x may be difficult to %ake or bru% !m (f4 ,9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 ,mr4 ,woodbury m5tions an in/ance ( ?is k9d1 :i* he exp]i5c$ la/ summ]3--,a sw>m clu/]$ among ! l>ge bran*es ( a pe>-tree1 j at _! po9t ( union ) ! trunk4 ,9 ?is case he m]ely support$ a /raw hive j ov] ! sw>m ) ! left h&1 :il/ he /ruck ! trunk ( ! tree ) ! op5 palm ( ! "r4 ,! vibration ?us produc$ s5t ! bees up into ! hive ) great rapidity1 & ! entire sw>m 0 spe$ily hiv$ 9 ! mo/ satisfactory mann]4 ,a few :iffs ( smoke w accel]ate upw>d movem5t ( sw>ms 9 su* circum/ances4 ,a =tnight mu/ be all[$ = fill+ ! /ock-hive2 !n1 if ! wea!r be f9e & w>m1 !y w prep>e to sw>m aga91 z w be indicat$ by ! !rmomet] ris+ rapidly to #ajj degrees or upw>ds4 ,"o ( ! z9c slides on ! wood5 top mu/ n[ be )drawn1 & a bell-glass put on1 cov]$ & protect$ by ! upp] hive2 ! o!r glasses may !n be giv5 9 ! same mann]1 a day or two aft] :i*1 %\ld ! wea!r cont9ue fav\rable1 all signs ( sw>m+ w at once disappe>1 ! bees n[ hav+ increas$ /ore room1 :i* !y w readily fill ) comb4 ,x is (t5 f\nd useful to atta* a piece ( clean empty honey-comb to ! v5tilat+ tube ( ! glass2 x is an attraction1 & induces ! bees to comm5ce work+ 9 x soon] ?an !y o!rwise w\ld d4 ,! v5tilator %\ld always rema9 op5 dur+ ! day1 to all[ ! hot air to pass away f ! int]ior1 !reby contribut+ to ! :it5ess & beauty ( ! "w2 ! bees enjoy ! refre%m5t ( coolness !reby af=d$1 & !y "w ! fa/] = x4 ,at ev5+1 all v5tilation %\ld be /opp$1 & ! glasses wrapp$ r\nd ) flannel or "s w>m mat]ial1 = ! reasons m5tion$ at page #fe4 ,! directions = tak+ honey are mu* ! same z be=e m5tion$4 ,"s api>ians1 h[ev]1 consid] t deprivation is m easily accompli%$ by disconnect+ ! sup] ov] night1 9 ! mann] describ$ at page #eh4 ,! bee-keep]1 equipp$ ) bee-dress & gloves1 mu/ fir/ raise ! glass ( comb1 &1 bl[+ a little smoke to intimidate & drive back ! bees1 w$ge x up all r\nd1 an in* or s f ! cr[n-bo>d1 by means ( ?ree or f\r blocks1 ?us to rema9 all night4 ,?is op]ation is be/ p]=m$ a little be=e dusk4 ,bees are !n less likely to come out1 & if !y %\ld d s1 w spe$ily return4 ,! op5+ 9 ! cr[n-bo>d rema9s unclos$1 to af=d ! bees ! opportunity ( desc5d+1 & jo9+ ! /ock-hive bel[1 :i* !y w naturally d = w>m?4 ,! upp] /raw-hive1 or cov] = ! glasses1 is bett] plac$ on = ! night4 ,e>ly 9 ! foll[+ morn+1 be=e ! bees are mu* ab\t1 ! sup] w be ready = removal4 ,! few bees t rema9 )9 may be spe$ily induc$ to quit1 & w fly to ! entrance4 ,! slides cov]+ ! holes 9 ! cr[n-bo>d mu/ be ins]t$1 or an empty glass c be put on1 to take ! full "o's place4 ,a slide sev5 & a half in*es squ>e is furni%$ ) ! hive2 ?is is useful to remove ! glass ^u4 ,! holes 9 ! wood5 top ( ?is hive are ( a peak$ %ape1 to act z a prev5tive aga9/ slaught]+ any bees :il/ pu%+ ! slide 9 = ! purpose ( remov+ ! glass :5 full4 ,! tacks be=e allud$ to %\ld be remov$ f ! slides :5 ! hive is fix$ 9 its place2 !y are n[ 9 ! way ( cutt+ (f ! glass4 ,! entrance slide is v s]viceable dur+ ! w9t] mon?s1 to less5 ! passage way1 !reby' prev5t+ ! admission ( too mu* cold air3 x is also occasionally useful on a summ] ev5+1 to less5 ! entrance :5 mo?s are tr\blesome2 = if !re be only a small op5+1 ! bees c gu>d x1 & easily repulse intrud]s4 ,dur+ ! "t ( ga!r+1 !y require ! :ole wid? to rema9 op54 ,:5 ! wea!r is s unfav\rable z to prev5t ! bees leav+ home = a few days aft] be+ hiv$1 x w be necess>y to fe$ !m4 ,bees %\ld n be f$ 9 ! mid/ ( w9t]2 ! prop] "t is 9 ! autumn or 9 ! spr+4 ,! be/ mode ( fe$+ is at ! top ( ! /ock hive4 ,?is is done by us+ ! r\nd fe$]4 ,! bottle fe$] may be us$ in/ead ( ! r\nd fe$]1 & 9 ! same place1 by ^? :o give ! pref]5ce to t me?od4 ,:il/ on ! subject ( fe$+1 x may be well to sugge/ to ! bee-keep]1 t1 aft] ! honey h>ve/1 he %\ld asc]ta9 ! /ate ( ! /ock-hive1 because we h sometimes f\nd t hives :i* 7 v /rong dur+ summ]1 & :i* h yield$ a good supply ( honey1 h be5 left r poorly (f = ! w9t]4 ,no d\bt1 "u ! impression t ^? nicely-fill$ sup]s :i* ! bees int5d$ = !mselves w\ld be amply suffici5t = _! su/5ance1 !y h1 = ! mo/ "p1 devot$ ! space bel[ to ! que5 = bre$+1 little imag9+ t ! preci\s /ore w\ld be tak5 away1 & consequ5tly h left !mselves too small provision = autumn & w9t]4 ,! api>ian hav+1 !re=e1 s ri*ly reap$ ! fruit ( 8 bees' lab\rs1 x is b "r t he %\ld gu>d aga9/ ! lab\r]s !mselves suff]+ any want !refrom4 ,! /ate ( ! int]ior ( ! hive may be asc]ta9$ by apply+ a weigh+ ma*9e1 & ! requisite supply adm9i/]$ by fe$+4 ,bo? weigh+ ma*9e & fe$] are describ$ fur!r on4 ,! simplicity & easy managem5t ( ?is hive h des]v$ly r5d]$ x an especial fav\rite1 comb9+1 z x does1 real utility ) _m conv5i5ces to satisfy ! curi\s4 ,n a few bee-keep]s desire to unite ! two qualifications1 & no hives comb9e ^! advantages 9 a great] degree ?an ,neighb\r's improv$ cottage hive4 ,,improv$ ,,cottage ,,hive ,,)\t ,,w9d[s4 ,?is hive is ( precisely ! same size1 con/ruction1 & managem5t z ! la/ m5tion$1 ) ! exception t x has no w9d[s or !rmomet] 9 ! l[] or /ock hive4 ,! api>ian1 ) ?is hive1 w h to tru/ m to 8 own judgm5t z reg>ds ! likelihood ( sw>m+1 & mu/ wat* ! appe>ance ! bees pres5t at ! entrance4 ,:5 x is "t to put on sup]s1 9 ord] to prev5t sw>m+1 premonition w be giv5 by ! unusual numb]s cr[d+ ab\t ! entrance1 z well z by ! heat ( ! wea!r1 mak+ x evid5t t m room is requir$ = ! increas+ population4 ,n be+ able to =m an idea ( ! /ate ( ! hive 9 spr+ & autumn by look+ into ! /ock-hive1 x w be advisable to adopt ! means ( weigh+4 ,a /ock at ,mi*aelmas %\ld weigh #bj lbs41 exclusive ( ! hive1 or be made up to t weight by fe$+4 ,,! ,,ladies' ,,obs]vatory ,,or ,,cry/al ,,bee-,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,! foll[+ engrav+ illu/rates ! con/ruction ( ! ,ladies' ,obs]vatory ,hive4 ,! /ock-hive is cyl9drical1 ) a flat top & a hole 9 ! c5tre2 ! dim5sions twelve & a half in*es inside1 eight & a half in*es deep2 ! out] cov] be+ rais$1 & made ( /\t glass1 s z n easily to break4 ,a support1 compos$ ( ev5 wood5 b>s fix$ on a p$e/al f ! floor-bo>d1 is v useful = ! bees to cl+ to & atta* _! combs1 in/ead ( re/+ :olly aga9/ ! glass4 ,! floor-bo>d is ( mahogany1 ! bord] be+ ,fr5* poli%$4 ,a middle-siz$ bell-glass1 = deprivation1 is plac$ ov] ! hole2 ?is hole may be clos$ by a z9c slide4 ,a cov] ( /raw1 eighte5 in*es deep1 fifte5 in*es wide1 ) a z9c v5tilat+ top simil> to t affix$ to ! cottage hive1 completes ! arrangem5ts4 ,! weight ( ! /ock-hive & bo>d is ab\t #af lbs4 ,?is hive is well adapt$ = ^? p]sons :o are desir\s ( hav+ ! opportunity ( m closely exam9+ ! workman%ip ( ^! indu/ri\s & int]e/+ insects1 z ! :ole ( ! int]ior may be expos$ to view2 x is p>ticul>ly suitable = a w9d[ or an indoor api>y1 & w also be f\nd a valuable addition to ! gre5-h\se4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ! entrance-way %\ld be cov]$ ) a flat piece ( glass1 & an ap]ture cut 9 ! sa% correspond+ ) ! entrance to ! hive2 ?r\gh ! glaz$ passage ! bees may !n f9d egress & +ress )\t be+ able to ga9 access to ! ap>tm5t4 ,an alight+ bo>d1 f\r in*es wide1 mu/ be fix$ outside1 on a level ) ! entrance4 ,we _h a hive ( ?is k9d 9 op]ation at ! ,great ,exhibitions ( #ahea & #ahfb1 fix$ aft] ! mann] above describ$4 ,x answ]$ admirably1 & excit$ mu* int]e/ & curiosity1 ?\gh plac$ !re "u _m disadvantages4 ,:5 a hive ( ?is k9d is to be /ock$1 procure an e>ly & /rong sw>m1 :i* mu/ be tempor>ily hiv$ 9 a common /raw hive1 f :i* dislodge ! bees into ! glass hive1 b = ?is purpose a little prep>ation w h to be made4 ,spread a %eet on ! gr\nd1 place ! mahogany floor-bo>d on x ) ! support1 put ?ree bricks1 or "s solid blocks ( ab\t ! same sub/ance1 ^u :i* ! glass w re/2 !n1 ) a %>p & sudd5 bl[1 precipitate ! sw>m out ( ! /raw hive on to ! floor-bo>d & support1 place ! glass hive on ! bricks1 & ! bees w collect "u ! b>s & on to ! p$e/al4 ,9 ab\t "o h\r's "t ! :ole w h settl$ quietly & all ! /raggl]s on ! bo>d w h collect$ toge!r1 ! sw>m hang+ pe>-%ap$ f ! b> support2 ! bricks c n[ be remov$1 & ! glass put 9 its "r place on ! floor-bo>d4 ,! /raw cov] be+ put on ! hive1 x c be remov$ to ! place x is de/9$ p]man5tly to occupy4 ,! light %\ld n be admitt$ = "s days aft] hiv+2 if undi/urb$1 ! bees w spe$ily build comb1 work+ f ! wood5 b>s1 :i* are plac$ !re = _! assi/ance & support4 ,9 t5 days or a =tnight1 if ! wea!r cont9ue f9e & w>m1 !y w prep>e to sw>m aga92 ! op5+ at ! top mu/ n[ be un/opp$1 & ! bell-glass put on1 guide-comb hav+ be5 previ\sly fix$4 ,! directions giv5 = ! improv$ cottage hive equally apply to ! ladies' obs]vatory hive4 ,x is advisable1 9 w9t]1 to furni% ! glass /ock-hive ) m protection f cold ?an is af=d$ by ! /raw cov] alone2 "s ?ick baize1 or wrapp] ( wadd+1 = :i* !re is space betwe5 ! glass hive & ! cov]1 w prev5t s mu* moi/ure cond5s+ on ! sides ( ! glass4 ,moi/ure is injuri\s1 caus+ ! combs to gr[ m\ldy2 a little protection 9 ! way ( wrapp+ v mu* prev5ts ?is4 ,! hole at top is us$ = supply+ food1 %\ld ! api>ian fe> ! /ock ( honey is 9 dang] ( runn+ %ort2 ei!r ! bottle fe$] or ! r\nd fe$] maybe us$ = ! purpose4 ,,cottag]',s ,,hive1 ,,= ,,tak+ ,,honey ,,9 ,,/raw ,,caps1 ,,)\t ,,! ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,bees4 ,illu/ration ,a v preval5t op9ion exi/s1 t bees d bett] 9 /raw ?an 9 hives made ( any o!r mat]ial4 ,ano!r op9ion prevails1 viz41 t ! old-fa%ion$ /raw hive is ! lea/ exp5sive1 ! mo/ simple1 & ! mo/ productive4 ,al?\gh we _c g s f> z ?is1 we are will+ to admit t a simplifi$ adaptation ( ! humane sy/em to ! old common /raw hive is ! mo/ suitable to put into ! h&s ( t l>ge class ( bee-keep]s--cottag]s4 ,by ^! ! m fanciful hives w be in/antly condemn$2 besides1 ! exp5se puts !m q beyond ! rea* ( ! poor] class4 ,! object aim$ at 9 plann+ our ,cottag]'s ,hive has be5 to furni% a depriv+ hive t %\ld be at once easy ( managem5t1 inexp5sive1 & conv5i5t4 ,! /ock-hive1 into :i* ! bees are fir/ hiv$1 is a r\nd /raw hive1 hav+ a flat top1 ) a hole 9 ! c5tre4 ,! size ( ?is l[] hive is sev5 or eight in*es deep1 f\rte5 in*es across ! bottom1 f9i%$ ) a wood5 hoop1 :i* adds v mu* to ! firmness & durability ( ! hive4 ,! floor-bo>d is "o & a qu>t] in* ?ick1 ) a way sunk !re9 = ! entrance4 ,a small r\nd mat ( /raw closes ! hole 9 ! top2 ?is mat may be fix$ by wood5 pegs4 ,we h n[ describ$ :at is t]m$ ! /ock-hive1 :i* is1 9 fact1 an old-fa%ion$ /raw hive1 adapt$1 mod]nis$1 & improv$ to ! m humane1 viz41 ! depriv+1 sy/em4 ,! weight ( ! /ock-hive1 ) its floor-bo>d1 is ab\t #g lbs4 ,! sup] or cap hive is ab\t sev5 in*es deep1 eight in*es 9 diamet]1 &1 :5 fill$1 conta9s ab\t #aj lbs4 ( honey & comb4 ,a glass w9d[1 :i* is plac$ at ! side1 is useful = inspect+ ! progress made 9 fill+ x6 ,a common /raw hive1 suffici5tly deep to cov]1 drops ov] ! sup]1 keep+ ! w9d[ d>k1 & fitt+ close on to ! /ock-hive4 ,?is cov]-hive may be made fa/ by driv+ 9 two skew]s1 "o on ei!r side1 to keep ! :ole firm4 ,unless plac$ 9 a bee-h\se or "u a %$1 ! outside %\ld be pa9t$2 or a piece ( oil-clo?1 or wat]-pro( cov]+ ( any k9d1 %ap$ s z to %oot (f ! ra91 w save ! tr\ble ( pa9t1 & answ] ! purpose4 ,if no protection ( ?is sort is us$1 ! ra9 is likely to rot ! /raw4 ,z a cov]+1 cottag]s (t5 use /raight /iff ?at*+ /raw1 sew$ toge!r2 ?is contrivance is t]m$ a hackle1 & has a pretty appe>ance1 p>ticul>ly if a numb] ( hives are 9 a r[4 ,c>e has to be ex]cis$ t mice d n make ! cov]+ hive a re/+-place4 ,mort> is (t5 us$ = fa/5+ r\nd ! hive at ! bottom3 ?is is a bad plan1 z x =ms a h>b\r = insects2 ! wood5 hoop fits s close z to leave little necessity = any?+ ( ! k9d4 ,! pr9ciple ( ! depriv+ sy/em is s mu* ! same ) all our hives1 t a good deal ( repetition is necess>y 9 describ+ 9 detail ! managem5t ( ea* sep>ate v>iety4 ,! object aim$ at ) ! cottag]'s hive1 z1 inde$1 ) all our hives1 is to provide a comp>tm5t = ! bees to live 9 ) _! que51 %e be+ ! "m ( all4 ,x is int5d$1 by induc+ ! que5 to rema9 9 h] orig9al ap>tm5t1 t all bre$+ %\ld be !re p]=m$1 z well z ! /or+ ( bee-bread & honey1 = ! w9t] su/5ance ( ! bees4 ,! cap hive1 or upp] *amb]1 kn[n z ! sup]1 is = ! /or+ ( honey1 :i* ! bee-keep] looks ^u z a surplus1 & :i*1 at ! close ( ! honey ga!r+1 or z soon z fill$1 he int5ds to deprive ! bees (1 & appropriate to 8 own use1 ( c\rse tak+ c>e to leave suffici5t 9 ! l[] or /ock hive = w9t] su/5ance4 ,! mode ( /ock+ a hive ( ?is k9d is s famili>ly kn[n1 t any :o at all und]/& ! hiv+ ( bees into a common /raw hive c make no mi/ake or f9d any difficulty 9 p]=m+ x4 ,le/ ^! pages %\ld fall into ! h&s ( p]sons :o are n s acqua9t$1 we w ref] !m to ! directions already giv5 at pages #ba & #gb4 ,! hive may be sme>$ inside ) a little honey1 if at h&2 b ?is is unimportant1 z a clean hive answ]s well4 ,"s old] bee-keep]s pref] to give a little dress+1 to enc\rage ! bees to l _! new home4 ,aft] ! sw>m has be5 9 ! hive two weeks1 ! /raw sup] hive may be put on1 fir/ remov+ ! /raw mat1 to give ! bees access to x4 ,if ! hive be a /ock1 t is1 a sw>m ( ! la/ or previ\s ye>s1 ! sup] may be put on z soon z ! wea!r is f9e & w>m1 9 ,may4 ,b mu* dep5ds on ! wea!r & /r5g? ( ! hive1 z reg>ds ! "t occupi$1 by ! bees 9 fill+ ! sup]2 9 fav\rable wea!r a =tnight suffices4 ,if1 on look+ 9 at ! little w9d[1 ! bee-ma/] sees t ! cells are seal$ ov]1 ! cap ( honey may be remov$ 9 ! mode already describ$4 ,! cells ne> ! w9d[ are ! la/ to be fill$1 s1 :5 !y are seal$1 x is safe to conclude t ! combs 9 ! unse5 p>ts are also f9i%$4 ,sometimes ! que5 asc5ds & deposits h] eggs2 if1 on turn+ up ! sup]1 brood be visible1 replace ! cap = a few days1 until ! "y bees quit _! cells4 ,:5 ?us empti$1 honey w be deposit$ 9 lieu ( ! brood4 ,suitable p$e/als = ^! hives to /& ^u may be obta9$4 ,x is important t ^! be firmly fix$1 & ! hive also made fa/ to ! /&1 to prev5t its be+ bl[n ov] by high w9ds4 ,,woodbury ,,b> ,,& ,,frame ,,hives4 ,illu/ration ,mr4 ,woodbury's ,b> & ,frame ,hive1 z orig9ally made1 consi/s ( a wood5 box1 f\rte5 & a half in*es squ>e inside1 n9e in*es deep4 ,?is is a hive ( l>ge size1 b ! actual habitable space inside is less5$ by ! room occupi$ by ! frames1 ( :i* !re are t52 ^! re/ on a rabbet a little bel[ ! surface1 leav+ a space ( ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* betwe5 ! upp] side ( ! b>s & ! cr[n-bo>d4 ,?is all[s a free passage on ! top = ! bees1 entirely obviat+ ! necessity ( mak+ excavations 9 ! cr[n-bo>d1 z has hi!rto be5 recomm5d$4 ,ea* frame is sev5-eigh?s ( an in* wide1 & re/s 9 not*es1 ) a space ( half an in* betwe5 ea*4 ,! frames ext5d to )9 ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* ( ! floor-bo>d1 s z to hang )\t t\*+ any "p1 leav+ ab\t ! same di/ance f ! sides4 ,x w be se5 t !re is a free passage = ! bees on e side1 & !y are ?us kept f com+ 9 contact ) ! sides ( ! hive4 ,our engrav+ %[s ! hive op51 & exposes to view ! top ( ! t5 b>s & frames1 z !y range f back to front4 ,a w9d[ is also %[n2 ?is is plac$ 9 ! engrav+ ov] ! entrance1 b ! prop] position w\ld be j opposite4 ,! draw+ is made s z to %[ back & front at once4 ,! floor-bo>d is "o & a qu>t] in* ?ick1 hav+ two keys on ! "u side to prev5t w>p+4 ,,woodbury ,,/raw ,,b> ,,& ,,frame ,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,s9ce ! introduction ( ! wood hive by ,mr4 ,woodbury1 t g5tleman has recomm5d$1 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 t ! /ock-hive be made ( /raw1 ( exactly ! same dim5sions2 ?is mat]ial be+ wann] 9 w9t]1 slightly v5tilat+1 & all[+ ( absorption4 ,bees1 dur+ cold wea!r1 clu/] toge!r to g5]ate ! requisite degree ( heat2 ! temp]ature ( ! int]ior ( ! hive be+ ?us s mu* high] ?an ! ext]nal atmosph]e1 a good deal ( moi/ure cond5ses at ! top & on ! sides ( ! hive4 ,! /raw1 z be=e /at$1 prev5ts ?is dampness hang+ ab\t ! hive1 & t5ds to keep ! inmates m heal?y4 ,dampness 9 a hive is a fruitful s\rce ( mis*ief1 caus+ empty combs to gr[ m\ldy1 & is injuri\s 9 _m ways4 ,! squ>e /raw hives1 & a ma*9e = mak+ !m1 exhibit$ 9 ! ,au/rian dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 sugge/$ ! idea ( employ+ t mat]ial = ,engli% b> & frame hives4 ,we h _h a ma*9e made some:at simil> to ! "o exhibit$1 & suit$ to ! size ( our hives1 by :i* our hive-mak] is able to manufacture neat squ>e /raw hives4 ,^! h a wood frame at top1 an in* deep1 ) ! requisite not*es to all[ ! t5-comb frames to hang4 ,a simil> frame =ms ! base1 ! /raw be+ work$ betwe54 ,! floor-bo>d is "o & a qu>t] in* ?ick1 key$ ) /\t keys1 z be=e m5tion$4 ,an in* projection is left on all sides beyond ! ext]ior ( ! hive1 f :i* x is slightly *amf]$ d[n4 ,an entrance1 f\r in*es wide1 is cut out ( ! sub/ance ( ! bo>d1 beg9n+ at ! edge1 & cont9u+ on ! same level until inside ! hive1 :]e x slopes upw>ds4 ,?is entrance is ab\t ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* high :]e ! hive crosses x4 ,^! /raw hives h be5 g5]ally made )\t w9d[s1 z ,mr4 ,woodbury & o!r sci5tific api>ians s pref] !m4 ,!y consid] t glass w9d[s are unsuit$ = w9t]1 because !n moi/ure cond5ses on ! glass4 ,!re is no d\bt t ! hav+ a peep-hole or two 9 a hive adds v agreeably to its value = amateur bee-keep]s1 &1 to meet ! wi%es ( su*1 we h _h /raw hives con/ruct$ ) w9d[s4 ,x is n e "o :o w\ld l to lift out ! frames z (t5 z is necess>y = an inspection ( ! /ate ( ! colony1 nor1 p]haps1 is x advisable to be (t5 ?us m$dl+4 ,! w9d[s h also a v neat appe>ance4 ,we h hives ) "o1 & "s ) two & ?ree w9d[s2 ( c\rse1 a little extra exp5se is incurr$ :]e ^! are made1 b t is n object$ to by ^? :o approve ( ! additional conv5i5ce4 ,! cr[n-bo>d 7if correct to call a /raw top by t "n7 has1 l ! hive1 a frame ( wood all r\nd1 & a squ>e1 piece ( wood 9 ! c5tre1 ) a two-in* hole2 ?is hole is = ! purpose ( adm9i/]+ food1 9 a mode to be expla9$ h]eaft]4 ,a circul> block ( wood1 f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 closes ! op5+4 ,,woodbury',s ,,glass ,,b> ,,& ,,frame ,,hives4 ,illu/ration ,"s bee-keep]s l to be able to make a full & daily inspection ( ! hive2 we h1 !re=e1 prep>$ a few hives1 con/ruct$ ( wood5 frames1 enclos$ on all sides & on ! top ) w9d[-glass4 ,! dim5sions are precisely ! same z ^? be=e m5tion$1 & all[ ! same numb] ( b>s & frames 7t574 ,! cr[n has a r\nd hole cut 9 ! glass to admit ( fe$+4 ,! f\r sides are con/ruct$ ( d\ble glass1 to pres]ve ! bees f v>iations ( temp]ature4 ,we _c1 h[ev]1 recomm5d ?is hive = a w9t] resid5ce = ! bees2 we %\ld pref] lift+ ! combs out ) ! bees1 & plac+ !m 9 a /raw hive ( simil> con/ruction1 to pass ?r\gh ! ordeal ( ! w9t] season4 ,a /ock ( bees might be kept ?r\gh ! ye> 9 a hive ( ?is k9d1 b w\ld require well wrapp+ r\nd to keep out ! cold4 ,!re %\ld be a small glass ov] ! hole at top1 s z to all[ ! moi/ure to arise & cond5se1 in/ead ( do+ s 9 ! hive4 ,! op]ation ( ex*ang+ ! hive is s easy1 t we %\ld be cont5t to place a /ock 9 "o1 say1 f ,april to ,septemb]1 & %ift x 9 ! autumn4 ,su* a hive is a v pleas+ object ( int]e/1 z 9 x ! :ole commonweal? ( bees is expos$1 to view2 & ! hive ne$ n be obscur$ f daylight1 provid$ x be protect$ f sun & ra94 ,all ! ext]nal wood-"w is ( oak-col\r1 v>ni%$1 s t ! appe>ance ( ! ,glass ,b> & ,frame ,hive is extremely neat & mu* approv$ (4 ,,frames4 ,illu/ration ,z be=e m5tion$1 ea* /ock-hive has t5 ( ^! frames--ea* ?irte5 in*es long1 by sev5 & a qu>t] in*es high1 ) a five-eigh?s ( an in* projection at ea* upp] end1 :i* re/s 9 ! not*1 ei!r back or front4 ,! wid?1 bo? ( ! b> & frame1 is sev5-eigh?s ( an in*2 ?is is less1 by a qu>t] ( an in*1 ?an ! b> recomm5d$ by ! old] api>ians4 ,mr4 ,woodbury--^: au?ority on ! mod]n plans = keep+ bees is ( great weight--f9ds ! sev5-eigh?s ( an in* b> an improvem5t1 because ) !m ! combs are clos] toge!r1 & require few] bees to cov] ! brood4 ,!n1 too1 9 ! same space t eight old-fa%ion$ b>s occupi$1 ! n>r[] frames admit ( an additional b>1 s t1 by us+ ^!1 increas$ accommodation is af=d$ = bre$+ & ! /or+ ( honey4 ,,improv$ ,,comb ,,b>4 ,illu/ration3 ,section ( ,b>4 ,mr4 ,woodbury says t ?is little contrivance has prov$ v effectual 9 secur+ /raight combs :5 guide-combs are n obta9able4 ,! l[] angles are r\nd$ (f1 :il/ a c5tral rib is add$1 ( ab\t "o-eigh? ( an in* 9 bread? & dep?4 ,?is c5tral rib ext5ds to )9 half an in* ( ea* end1 :]e x is remov$1 9 ord] to admit ( ! b> fitt+ into ! usual not*4 ,all t is necess>y to ensure ! regul> =mation ( combs is1 to coat ! und]nea? surface ( ! c5tral rib ) melt$ wax4 ,mr4 ,woodbury fur!r says3 ,my practice is to use pla9 b>s :5ev] guide-combs are atta9able1 z ^? c be atta*$ ) mu* great] facility to a pla9 ?an to a ribb$ b>2 b :5ev] ,i put 9 a b> )\t comb1 ,i always use "o ( ! improv$ ones4 ,by ?is me?od1 crook$ & irregul> combs are altoge!r unkn[n 9 my api>y4 ,mo/ ( our b>s are made ) ! ridge2 b %\ld any ( our cu/om]s pref] ! flat ones1 we keep a few to supply _! requirem5ts4 ,) ! moveable b> & frame hive1 e comb is available = extraction1 & may easily be tak5 out ( ! hive2 ea* comb be+ fix$ )9 its frame1 !re is less di/urbance to ! bees ?an if ! combs 7 fix$ to ! sides1 z is ! case ) ord9>y hives4 ,a /rip ( wood1 ab\t half an in* wide1 re/s on ! floor-bo>d2 9 ?is /rip are t5 not*es1 made to receive ! l[] "p ( ! frames1 s z to reta9 !m 9 _! places at equal di/ances f ea* o!r4 ,a difficulty is f\nd1 ) a well-/ock$ hive1 9 dropp+ ! frames into ! exact not*es1 s t x is n necess>y to h ^! rack works always 9 use2 b :5 any movem5t ( ! hive is made1 x is ess5tial to h ! frames firmly fix$ by ! aid ( ?is contrivance4 ,x is also advisable to h ! frames p]p5dicul>ly support$ until ! combs are built1 s1 9 ord] t ! frames %\ld hang true1 ! hive ought to be on ! level4 ,a little incl9ation may be giv5 to x f back to front1 caus+ ! hive to fall slightly t[>ds ! entrance1 s z to all[ ! moi/ure inside ! hive1 caus$ by ! exhalations ( ! bees1 to run (f4 ,,comp\nd ,,b> ,,frame4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 ,mr4 ,woodbury ?us describes ! comp\nd b> frame4 ,be+ 8 own adaptation1 we _c d bett] ?an use 8 own words3--,?is is a contrivance ( my own1 :i* ,i h f\nd v advantage\s 9 enabl+ me to use frames 9 /ock-hives1 & b>s 9 sup]s1 )\t =feit+ ! advantages aris+ f ! unlimit$ int]*angeability ( e comb 9 e hive & sup] 9 ! api>y4 ,its con/ruction w be readily und]/ood by an inspection ( ! annex$ sket*1 9 :i* ! comb b> is %[n slightly rais$ f its frame4 ,! b> itself is ?irte5 & a qu>t] in*es long1 by sev5-eigh?s ( an in* wide1 & ?ree-eigh?s ( an in* ?ick4 ,:5 ! comb b> is 9 its place1 ! :ole =ms a frame ?irte5 in*es long1 by sev5 & a qu>t] in*es high 7inside measure71 ) five-eigh?s ( an in* projection at ea* end1 :i* re/s 9 its appropriate not* 9 ei!r ! back or front ( ! hive4 ,:5 fill$ ) comb1 ! b> becomes s firmly cem5t$ to ! frame z to admit ( its be+ h&l$ ) facility4 ,?is contrivance is1 no d\bt1 v excell5t 9 ! h&s ( ,mr4 ,woodbury2 b 9 ! h&s ( ! unpractis$ sev]e mi%aps may arise4 ,9 w>m wea!r ! propolis & wax1 ) :i* ! bees cem5t ! b> to ! frame1 become s(t2 consequ5tly1 9 h&l+ ! frames1 unless dext]ity is us$1 ! comb is likely to drop out4 ,we !re=e recomm5d t ! b> & frame be made bo? 9 "o3 great] firmness & simplicity are !reby ga9$4 ,"s ( ^! comp\nd b>s & frames are kept 9 /ock at our e/abli%m5t1 ?\gh !y _c be recomm5d$ = g5]al use2 b %\ld anyone pref] !m1 !y c be suppli$ at ! same price z ! common frames4 ,9 describ+ ! /ock-hives ( wood1 /raw1 & glass1 allusion has frequ5tly be5 made to ! depriv+ hives te*nically call$ sup]s4 ,^! are also made ( glass1 9 wood frames1 ?irte5 in*es inside1 six in*es deep1 ) eight b>s 7)\t frames74 ,! above engrav+ repres5ts ! sup] us$ ) ! b> & frame hive4 ,illu/ration ,honey-combs 9 sup]s are bett] :5 made ?ick] ?an ^? = bre$+1 consequ5tly ! b>s are plac$ a little fur!r ap>t ?an 9 ! l[] or /ock hive2 !y are ei!r ! ,woodbury ,ribb$1 contriv$ to induce ! /raight build+ ( combs1 or flat b>s ) guide-combs affix$4 ,,cov]s4 ,a loose out] case1 =m+ a complete cov] = ! hive1 is f\nd v useful4 ,! case is made 9 two p>ts1 = conv5i5ce ! ro( is also sep>ate1 hav+ an acorn at top1 :i* =ms a neat f9i%4 ,^! outside cases are made ( wood1 & drop lightly ov] all2 :5 ?us protect$1 & fix$ on a p$e/al1 ! hive may be plac$ 9 ! op5 air 9 su* position z fancy may dictate4 ,! aspect %\ld be s\? or s\?-ea/1 &1 if aga9/ a wall1 suffici5t space mu/ be all[$ = a free passage beh9d1 z x is f !nce all op]ations mu/ be conduct$ by ! api>ian4 ,! case & ro(1 ) ! /&1 be+ ! only p>ts expos$ to ! wea!r1 w be ! only portions t require pa9t+2 !y are sometimes /a9$ & v>ni%$1 & we are incl9$ to pref] ! latt] = appe>ance4 ,%\ld ! api>ian h a complete bee-hive h\se1 ! cov]1 & /&s w n be ne$$4 ,illu/ration ,:5 remov+ or replac+ ! cov]s1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to d s v g5tly1 or ! bees w be enrag$1 & ru% out1 & may inflict /+s ^u ^? )9 _! rea*4 ,we h obviat$ ! necessity = lift+ (f ! cov] = ! purpose ( look+ 91 ei!r at ! w9d[ ( ! /ock-hive or ( ! sup]1 by mak+ a door1 bo? 9 ! upp] & l[] p>ts ( ! outside case4 ,^! doors1 or unglaz$ w9d[s1 are h+$ at ! bottom1 s z to op5 d[nw>ds1 r5d]+ inspection easy1 )\t di/urbance to ! bees4 ,a wood5 range = support+ a numb] ( hives makes a safe & economical /&2 x may be =m$ by driv+ firmly into ! gr\nd two r[s ( po/s1 ea* r[ ab\t twelve in*es ap>t2 to ^! two rails1 ab\t two in*es squ>e1 are nail$1 & ^u ^! ! hives firmly re/4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 n to h ! hives ne>] toge!r ?an eighte5 in*es2 ! int]m$iate space w be f\nd v conv5i5t on :i* to re/ ! cov]1 or = support+ an empty hive dur+ ! prop] p]=mance ( any op]ation4 ,mr4 ,woodbury has 8 hives arrang$ on rails1 some:at aft] ! plan be=e describ$4 ,9 describ+1 z above1 ! v>i\s hives & frames1 "s h9ts h be5 giv5 z to ! me?ods ( h&l+ !m4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 w n suffice = an induction to ! my/]ies ( practical bee-keep+1 & we mu/ ref] ! read] to a subsequ5t section1 :]e9 ! details z to manipulation w be fully expla9$1 & ! results ( ! exp]i5ce ( sev]al di/+ui%$ api>ians w be embodi$4 ,,taylor',s ,,improv$ ,,cottage ,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,?is hive is simil> 9 pr9ciple to ! cottag]'s4 ,x is also simil> 9 size1 ) ! exception ( be+ q /raight at ! sides4 ,a z9c rim af=ds protection f ! wea!r4 ,"u ! upp] /raw hive a bell-glass is work$4 ,a mahogany adapt+ bo>d1 ) a f\r-in* hole 9 ! c5tre1 correspond+ ) t ( ! hive1 supplies an ev5 surface = ! glass to re/ on1 & facilitates its removal :5 full4 ,= p>ticul>s z to /ock+ & managem5t1 see directions = cottag]'s & improv$ cottage hives1 pages #gb & #hc4 ,,eight-,,b> ,,/raw ,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,?is is an +5i\s contrivance ( ,mr4 ,taylor's4 ,hoops are work$ 9 ! /raw1 bo? at ! top & bottom ( ! /ock-hive1 & 9 ! upp] hoop are op5+s cut to receive eight comb b>s2 ea* b> is "o in* & an eigh? wide1 ) a space ( half an in* betwe54 ,s9ce ! introduction ( squ>e /raw b> & frame hives1 ^! hives h n be5 mu* 9 reque/4 ,consid]able inconv5i5ce is f\nd to arise1 because ! b>s1 be+ ( unequal l5g?s1 _c be int]*ang$ "o ) ! o!r4 ,! description giv5 ( ,taylor's ,amateur ,hive1 & mode ( /ock+ & furni%+ x ) guide-comb1 apply to ?is hive4 ,! l>ge /raw hive rais$ up 9 ! engrav+ is an outside case2 ! ro( is a l>ge z9c cov]4 ,if plac$ 9 a bee-h\se1 ! outside case & z9c ro( are n requir$4 ,,neighb\r',s ,,unicomb ,,obs]vatory ,,hive4 ,?is hive is well adapt$ = ^? p]sons :o are desir\s ( hav+ ! opportunity ( closely exam9+ ! workman%ip ( ! indu/ri\s & int]e/+ inmates4 ,x is p>ticul>ly int5d$ = a w9d[ recess or an indoor api>y1 & w also be f\nd an int]e/+ addition to ! gre5-h\se4 ,bees cease to appe> di/urb$ :5 exposure to ! light is cont9u\s4 ,?is discov]y enables ! bee-keep] to ga9 a full inspection4 ,! hive %\ld be scre5$ f ! direct rays ( ! sun1 :i* w\ld worry ! inmates1 & be o!rwise prejudicial4 ,an ap]ture %\ld be cut 9 ! sa% correspond+ ) ! entrance to ! hive1 ?r\gh :i* ! bees may f9d egress & +ress1 )\t be+ able to ga9 access to ! ap>tm5t1 z describ$ = ! ladies' obs]vatory hive 7page #gh74 ,illu/ration ,! unicomb hive is con/ruct$ ( s n>r[ a wid? betwe5 ?9 plates ( glass t x admits ( "o comb only to be built1 &1 at ! same "t1 leaves space betwe5 ! comb & ! glass on ei!r side = ! bees to pass & repass4 ,x is ?us made s t e bee may be expos$ to view4 ,! que5 =m+ ! mo/ prom95t feature ( att5tion1 %e is readily di/+ui%$ by ! great] l5g? ( h] body1 z well z by ! att5tion paid h] by ! o!r bees4 ,! mode ( /ock+ ?is hive is z foll[s3--,procure a /rong sw>m1 if practicable1 & let x be fir/ hiv$ into a common /raw hive 9 ! usual way4 ,take c>e to make ! necess>y prep>ations previ\s to ! op]ation ( /ock+3 = ?is purpose1 at ev5+ "t1 place ! hive on its side1 oil ! gr\nd 7hav+ already spread a %eet1 or l>ge :ite clo?1 und]nea?72 unfa/5 ! side ( ! hive :i* is h+$1 turn ?is sa% q back1 v g5tly lift ! /raw hive conta9+ ! sw>m2 !n1 ) a sudd5 %ake1 da% z l>ge a portion ( ! bees into ! unicomb hive z c be done 9 a few seconds4 ,h ready a fea!r or1 bett] /ill 7because firm]71 a goose-w+2 ) ?is1 quickly bru% ! bees (f ! edges ( ! frames1 also f ! rabbets aga9/ :i* ! glass side closes1 9 ord] to prev5t kill+ any2 !n g5tly spread !m1 s t ! glass1 :5 clos$1 %all n %ut aga9/ ! congregat$ mass 9 ! middle4 ,:5 ?us ready = clos+ up1 :i* %\ld be quickly done1 fa/5 ! side1 & turn ! hive "r end upw>ds1 ) ! entrance t[>ds ^? bees t are outside4 ,! bees w n1 probably1 h all be5 eject$ f ! /raw hive at ! fir/ bru%1 & w require a few %>p raps on ! clo? to cle> ! hive4 ,! mov+ mass n[ congregat+ )\t1 ^u discov]+ t s l>ge a portion ( _! companions h f\nd a home1 ) 7z is g5]ally ! case7 ! que5 safely h\s$1 w ha/5 to jo9 !m4 ,x is a pretty sight to see ! lab\r]s cr[d+ 9 l a little army1 ) _! heads po9t+ 9 ! same direction1 mak+ = ! desir$ home1 :i* !y w sl[ly b surely ent]1 ) fann+ w+s & a happy hum4 ,consid]able help may be af=d$ by g5tly collect+ ! /raggl]s 9 a table-spoon1 & %ak+ !m (f close to ! entrance4 ,9 ab\t an h\r1 all ! bees w h ent]$ ! hive1 :i* may n[ be bodily tak5 to ! place previ\sly made ready = x1 & :i* x is int5d$ p]man5tly to occupy1--a %elf1 ! size ( ! bottom ( ! hive1 ) a slop+ piece ( wood f\r in*es wide1 =ms a firm bracket & a sub/antial /&1--^! & all o!r prep>ations1 su* z cutt+ ! op5+1 fix+ ! alight+-bo>d1 c41 hav+ be5 previ\sly accompli%$ :5 ! hive 0 empty4 ,x w be z well to scre5 ! hive f view = a few days1 until ! bees become settl$ 9 _! new domicile4 ,al?\gh ?is hive is con/ruct$ ( d\ble glass1 to keep up a m uni=m degree ( w>m?1 /ill1 f ! cold nature ( glass1 & ! close contact into :i* ! bees are br\ght ) x1 x is advisable to place flannel betwe5 ! out] %utt]s & ! glass ( ! hive1 on bo? sides4 ,su* precaution is f\nd ess5tial if ! bees rema9 9 ?is hive dur+ :it]1 & v mu* adds to _! com=t on cold nights at mo/ p]iods ( ! ye>4 ,9 ! day "t1 9 summ] mon?s1 ! hive be+ ( d\ble glass1 ! :ole may be fully expos$ to view4 ,if ! temp]ature ( ! ap>tm5t 9 :i* ! hive /&s be kept at #fj degrees1 ?is extra att5tion w n be s ne$ful4 ,z soon z ! bees are settl$1 comb-build+ w imm$iately comm5ce1 & 9 ab\t two weeks' "t !re w be comb spread+ ov] ! :ole hive4 ,! que5 may be view$ deposit+ h] eggs1 & all ! usual op]ations ( ! re>+ ( brood1 /or+ ( honey1 & ! build+ ( combs1 w be op5 to full inspection1 ) p]fect ease to ! spectator4 ,z an object ( lively & p]man5t int]e/ = ! breakfa/-p>l\r or cons]vatory1 ! unicomb obs]vatory hive may be reg>d$ z inf9itely sup]ior to an aqu>ium or f]n]y4 ,at ! ,exposition ,univ]selle ( #ahee1 9 ,p>is1 we exhibit$ a hive ( ?is description 9 full work+2 ord]4 ,! bees left ,london on ! #e? ( ,july ( t ye>1 & 7 plac$ 9 ! ,exposition on ! foll[+ morn+4 ,an entrance 0 made = !m ?r\gh ! side ( ! build+1 z be=e expla9$4 ,our bees _h no national antipa?ies1 & !y imm$iately salli$ =? to _! fre% fields & pa/ures new 9 ! ,*amps ,elysees1 ! g>d5s ( ! ,tuil]ies1 ! ,luxemb\rg1 c41 :5ce !y soon return$ lad5 ) lusci\s /ore f ,fr5* fl[]s4 ,! ,jurors ( ! ,exposition aw>d$ u a prize m$al = bee-hives4 ,,woodbury ,,unicomb ,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,! ,woodbury ,unicomb ,hive has _m advantages ov] simil> hives z previ\sly con/ruct$4 ,! engrav+ %[s ! int]ior comp>tm5t divid$ into six2 ^! are sis ,woodbury frames4 ,! inn] sa% op5s1 to admit ( hang+ up ! frames on ! not*es prep>$ = !m4 ,! wid? ( ! hive betwe5 ! glasses ( ! sa%es is j suffici5t to admit ( "o ?ickness ( comb1 ) space on ea* side = ! bees to pass & repass1 ! same z 9 ,neighb\r's unicomb4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a great advantage 9 ! use ( ?is hive2 ) x1 anyone possess+ a ,woodbury box or /raw b> & frame hive c readily comm5ce an unicomb1 & z readily put ! combs & bees back into ! squ>e hive aga94 ,! outside %utt]s on ea* side are compos$ ( ,v5etian bl9ds1 admitt+ daylight1 b obscur+ ! rays ( ! sun4 ,we _h ! entrance made at "o end1 z repres5t$ 9 our draw+2 ?is alt]ation 0 made aft] ! patt]n ( ! hive f :i* ,mr4 ,woodbury all[$ u to copy4 ,8 own 0 int5d$ to /& :olly out ( doors1 & _h two c5tral entrances1 "o on ea* side at ! bottom1 ! hive itself turn+ on a pivot4 ,:5 ! hive 0 be+ exam9$ on "o side1 ! entrance 0 clos$ by a piece ( wood ins]t$ 9 x2 & :5 ! o!r side 0 br\ght r\nd to be inspect$1 ! piece ( wood 0 )drawn1 & plac$ 9 ! opposite entrance4 ,?is 0 a mo/ +5i\s contrivance2 b x did n answ] our purpose = indoors4 ,:5 ,mr4 ,woodbury s5t u 8 hive1 we 7 prep>+ = ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 &1 9 plac+ x aga9/ ! sides ( ! build+1 we foll[$ our old plan = +ress by hav+ ! entrance at ! end4 ,s9ce t "t1 we h made a consid]able improvem5t by adapt+ ,mr4 ,woodbury's clev]ly contriv$ turn-table to suit our own hive4 ,l ,mr4 ,woodbury's hive1 ours has two iron :eels1 ! "o fix$ to ! bottom ( ! hive1 ! o!r fix$ to a /\t bo>d runn+ ! full l5g? ( ! hive2 on ^! two :eels ! :ole hive turns4 ,9 ! c5tre !re is an op5+ into ! hive1 ) a passage-way runn+ und]nea?1 s t ! bees' entrance is 9 no way affect$ by ! position ( ! hive1 :i* revolves1 to suit ! conv5i5ce ( visitors inspect+ x4 ,%\ld ! que51 ) h] att5dants1 n be visible on "o side1 ! o!r side ( ! comb c be br\ght into full view1 & exam9$ ) ! same facility z a picture1 or z articles are inspect$ 9 a %op w9d[4 ,?us1 9 ! unicomb obs]vatory hive1 ! sov]eign "m1 h] tra9 ( s]vitors1 ! drones1 ) _! aimless movem5ts1 & ! cr[d ( ev]-busy work]s--ei!r build+ _! combs or /or+ honey--may be always se51 z pres5t+ a v]itable tableau vivant4 ,ano!r improvem5t t we h made ^u ,mr4 ,woodbury's patt]n is1 t ( accommodat+ ! frames2 8 0 con/ruct$ be=e frame-hives 7 9 use1 consequ5tly x is only suitable = combs on b>s4 ,our adaptation has necessitat$ an increase 9 size4 ,! outside dim5sions are ne>ly ?ree feet squ>e1 & sev5 in*es deep f back to front4 ,provision is made at top = fe$+1 & = work+ two small flat-top glasses = deprivation1 :i* are protect$ by ! wea!r-bo>d4 ,an alight+-bo>d is plac$ at ! c5tre1 close "u ! entrance1 :5 ! hive is locat$ out-(-doors4 ,:5 ! hive is plac$ indoors1 a passage-way1 ab\t eighte5 in*es long1 cov]$ ) glass1 is fix$ to ! entrance1 ! o!r end communicat+ ) an op5+ 9 ! wall or sa%2 ?r\gh ?is ! bees f9d access1 an alight+-bo>d be+ fix$ outside ! build+4 ,x is requisite t ! passage-way be ab\t ?is l5g?1 9 ord] to all[ ! hive to turn r\nd cle> ( ! side ( ! build+4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahfc1 we _h ample pro( ( ! success ( ?is hive dur+ its exhibition at ! annual %[ ( ! ,ba? & ,we/ ( ,engl& ,agricultural ,society at ,exet]4#aa ,we select$ six combs1 & pack$ !m 9 "o ( ! squ>e box ,woodbury b> & frame hives1 &1 on arrival at ,exet]1 ,mr4 ,woodbury assi/$ u 9 tak+ out ! frames & plac+ !m 9 ! unicomb4 ,t be+ fix$ aga9/ ! bo>d$ side ( a %$1 we f\nd ! cov]$ way a great conv5i5ce1 & x answ]$ rem>kably well2 ! bees did n seem to be inconv5i5c$ by hav+ to travel ?r\gh s long a passage4 ,a glass cov]+ admitt$ a full view ( ! little lab\r]s z !y cr[d$ 91 & ! sight ( !m v mu* enhanc$ ! int]e/ ( visitors exam9+ ! hive4 ,footnote #aa3 ,x may require explanation h[ x 0 t we took bees to ,exet]1 :i* s\nds some?+ l c>ry+ coals to ,newca/le4 ,! reason 0 ?is--! g>d5 ( our fri5d1 ,mr4 ,woodbury1 at ,m\nt ,rad=d1 f :i* we c\ld h be5 suppli$1 0 s ne> to ! %[ y>d1 t he 0 appreh5sive a l>ge numb] ( ! bees w\ld return to _! old hives4 ,our bees f a di/ance w\ld1 accord+ to _! nature1 return to _! own hive1 = bees1 al?\gh !y may be mov$ miles away1 take c>e to m>k _! new position1 & are c>eful to return to x4 ,mr4 ,woodbury l5t u a small /ock ( 8 ,ligurian bees1 & betwe5 x & our own hive ! cr[d ( visitors divid$ _! att5tion4 ,s9ce ! "t be=e m5tion$1 we h exhibit$ bees at ! meet+s ( ! ,ba? & ,we/ ( ,engl& ,agricultural ,society at ,bri/ol1 & ( ! ,royal ,agricultural ,society at ,newca/le1 9 #ahfd4 ,on bo? occasions1 fur!r pro( 0 giv5 t ?is hive admirably answ]s ! purpose int5d$1 & x af=d$ pleasure & int]e/ to _m ?\s&s ( visitors4 ,! unicomb hive may be /ock$ 9 two ways1 :i* h be5 previ\sly ref]r$ to4 ,! bee-keep] may ei!r select ! comb ^u :i* ! que5 is f\nd1 & put x into ! hive1 & s =m an artificial sw>m1 or he may take six brood-combs f a hive1 & s /ock ! unicomb at once1 :i* we did = ! %[ at ,exet]4 ,! =m] plan is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ advisable1 because new comb has to be built )9 ! five frames2 =1 be x rememb]$1 9 ?is case five empty frames mu/ be put 94 ,x is #i1 bett] plan /ill1 if artificial combs are plac$ 9 ea* frame1 s z to af=d an int]e/+ opportunity ( wat*+ ! =mation ( ! cells !re94 ,! combs are sure to be d>k 9 col\r :5 tak5 f a /ock-hive1 & new combs1 be+ :it]1 h a bett] appe>ance 9 ! hive4 ,! comb ^u :i* ! que5 0 introduc$ may be tak5 away aft] ! artificial sw>m has made combs )9 "s ( ! o!r five frames2 :5 ! que5 is on "o ( ! new combs1 opportunity may easily be tak5 = op5+ ! hive & remov+ ! old d>k comb4 ,! bees c easily be %ak5 or bru%$ (f ! comb1 & w return to ! hive4 ,! comb1 ) ! unhat*$ brood1 may be deposit$ 9 any squ>e hive t ne$s /r5g!n+4 ,we m5tion ?is1 to %[ h[ to obta9 a hive ) entirely f9e :ite comb4 ,if ! possessor ( a squ>e ,woodbury frame-hive wi%es to />t a /rong unicomb hive1 & does n object to appropriate ! /ock1 he mu/ take out ( ! ,woodbury hive any six combs on ! frames1 & put ! unicomb 9 its place s z to receive all ! return+ bees t happ5 to be abroad2 ! rema9+ f\r combs1 suppos+ !re are t51 c be ins]t$ 9 any o!r frame-hives 9 ! g>d5 9 :i* !re may be vacancies4 ,we h _h ?is hive 9 op]ation1 9 ! mann] la/ describ$1 dur+ ! summ] ( #ahfc1 & f\nd x to answ] rem>kably well4 ,on a lawn1 plac$ on a suitable ornam5tal /&1 x =m$ a pleas+ object1 besides af=d+ great int]e/ & in/ruction4 ,9 unicomb hives /ock$ ) a natural sw>m 7z is g5]ally ! plan71 !re is consid]able difficulty 9 keep+ ! bees alive ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,9 a hive :]e ! combs are removable1 no loss ( bees ne$ be occasion$4 ,we d n recomm5d ! hive we are n[ describ+ z a w9t] resid5ce = bees4 ,= f\r mon?s 9 ! ye>1 :5 bees are mo/ active1 & :5 _! op]ations are mo/ int]e/+1 ?is hive may be br\ght into use1 ei!r ( ! two plans be=e describ$ be+ adopt$4 ,an artificial sw>m %\ld be put 9 dur+ ,may or ,june1 & tak5 out1 9 ! me?od be=e m5tion$1 & !n plac$ 9 ! squ>e box dur+ ! mon? ( ,septemb]2 sometimes x may d = a /ock to be put 9 a mon? or s e>li]1 b x %\ld nev] be reta9$ lat] 9 ?is hive4 ,9 ,octob]1 we (t5 h cold nights2 ! bees & brood be+ 9 su* close contact ) ! glass1 & n able to clu/] z is _! natural wont1 suff] f exposure to ! v>iations ( temp]ature4 ,9 "s degree to mod]ate ?is1 we h us$ treble glass ) a space betwe5 ea* squ>e2 great] w>m? is ?us obta9$1 & ! view is n int]cept$4 ,opportunity %\ld be tak5 = clean+ ! unicomb hive :5 empty1 s z to be ready = re-/ock+ z a new hive 9 ! foll[+ summ]4 ,! unicomb obs]vatory hive is "o :i* might h be5 sugge/$ by ! l9es ( ,evans3-- ,by ?is ble/ art our ravi%$ eyes behold ,! s++ masons build _! ro(s ( gold1 ,& m+l+ multitudes p]plex ! view1 ,yet all 9 ord] apt _! tasks pursue2 ,/ill happi] !y ^: fav\r$ k5 ha? se5 ,pace sl[ & sil5t r\nd1 ! /ate's fair que54 ,,! ,,/ew>ton1 ,,or ,,ayr%ire ,,hive4 ,illu/ration ,! ,/ew>ton ,hive is s (t5 spok5 (1 & 9 su* fav\rable t]ms1 by bee-keep]s1 t we deem x necess>y to give x a place "h1 & to supply "s explanation ( its con/ruction & managem5t4 ,we consid] ?is especially ne$ful1 z "s ( ! pr9ciples ( its managem5t are s imp]fectly und]/ood1 t frequ5t mi/akes are made1 & also because1 = ! conv5i5ce ( bee-keep]s1 we keep a supply ( ^! hives on h&4 ,! "n is d]iv$ f _! hav+ be5 fir/ manufactur$ at ,/ew>ton1 9 ,scotl&2 & !y are /ill made s well1 & at s mod]ate a price 9 t c\ntry1 t ,london workm5 are unable to compete 9 _! manufacture4 ,our supply is !re=e f t s\rce2 s t1 ) a little addition = c>riage1 ! price approximates t ( ! mak]s !mselves1 af=d+ a conv5i5ce to _m ( our api>ian fri5ds 9 be+ able to obta9 ^! hives 9 ,london4 ,our engrav+ %[s ! f\r boxes set up4 ,^! con/itute ! hive4 ,we w suppose t ! "y bee-keep] has j receiv$ ! f\r octagonal boxes1 ) ! bundles ( groov$ slides 7( :i* !re are ne>ly =ty72 ab\t "o half ( ^! slides are %ort pieces1 simil>ly cut to ! long] ones4 ,^! are to fill up ! op5+s :]e ! slides are n put 91 or are requir$ to be )drawn1 z h]eaft] expla9$4 ,he w f9d himself 9 possession ( f\r boxes s neatly dove-tail$ on ! bevel1 t1 if he be ( a me*anical turn1 he w n only be surpris$ at ! way 9 :i* !y are put toge!r1 b also at ! price = :i* !y are (f]$4 ,?ree ( ! boxes1 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 te*nically call$ body boxes1 are precisely simil>1 ea* be+ f\rte5 in*es 9 diamet] & five & a half in*es deep inside4 ,n9e b>s range along ! top ( ea* box4 ,^! are n movable1 b are s con/ruct$ to induce ! correct & regul> build+ ( ! combs4 ,! f\r? box1 ,d1 is ! depriv+ box or sup]1 is only f\r in*es deep1 & ! same 9 diamet] z ! o!rs4 ,?is be+ ! honey-box1 x is furni%$ ) sev5 wide fix$ b>s1 in/ead ( n9e1 because1 z /at$ at page #ic1 bees con/ruct deep] receptacles to conta9 ! honey ?an = bre$+ 93 ?us1 %\ld ! que5 g up into ?is comp>tm5t1 %e may f9d ! cells are too mu* elongat$ to enable h] to rea* ! base1 :5 h] body is ins]t$ = ! purpose ( deposit+ an egg4 ,we h too mu* confid5ce 9 h] maje/y's sagacity to expect h] to make su* an attempt 9 honey-cells ?us elongat$2 d\btless %e w only look & pass on1 seek+ m suitable depositories1 & conf9e h] nurs]y to ^? l[] regions :]e %e is welcome4 ,! honey is ?us kept pure1 & t :i* n unfrequ5tly m>s ! qualify ( a sup]--viz41 cells t ei!r conta9 brood or h be5 br$ 9--is prev5t$4 ,ea* box is furni%$ ) two small w9d[s1 back & front1 clos$ by slid+ %utt]s1 by :i* opportunity is af=d$ = inspect+ ! progress made1 & also ( kn[+ :5 ! "t has arriv$ t ! cells are fill$ & ! box may be tak5 away4 ,ea* ( ! boxes1 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 is furni%$ ) an entrance-way1 f\r in*es wide1 half an in* high1 a wood5 slide ei!r :olly or p>tially clos+ same1 z requir$4 ,:5 at "w1 ! bees only ne$ "o entrance op51 & t at ! l[e/ box4 ,! long slides be=e m5tion$ are pu%$ 9 to _! respective receptacles f ! back ( ! hive1 to close ! op5+s betwe5 ! b>s2 ^? ( !m t are %ort] w be se5 to belong to ! sides ( ! octagon1 & ! ends are cut angul> to suit ! =m ( ! box4 ,a little exam9ation w suffice to %[ ! "r allotm5t ( ! slides1 ! appropriation ( :i* may be said some:at to resemble ! putt+ toge!r ( a *ild's puzzle4 ,! box ,b mu/ be left op5 at ! int]/ices t correspond ) ! box ,a1 plac$ above1 ! little op5+s be+ clos$ by ! ins]tion ( ! t5 sections ( slides1 ?us leav+ free communication inside ) ! upp] box ,a1 & admitt+ ( no outlet = ! bees1 except at ! entrance4 ,:5 ! f\r boxes are plac$ above ea* o!r1 ! /ructure measures tw5ty-two in*es high4 ,! ,scot* c>p5t]s s5d no floor-bo>d1 & no cov]+ or ro( = ! top to %oot (f ! ra92 !y evid5tly expect t ! pur*as] is provid$ ) a %$ or bee-h\se ( "s k9d1 & also ) a floor-bo>d4 ,%\ld ! api>ian1 h[ev]1 n h ^! necess>ies1 we c supply ! defici5cy4 ,! sides ( ! boxes are furni%$ ) wood5 buttons1 :i*1 :5 turn$ r\nd1 keep ea* box exactly 9 its place above ! o!r3 !re are also project+ irons or screw heads = ty+ ! two boxes ,a & ,b toge!r1 prep>atory to hiv+ ! sw>m2 or if ! boxes /& out expos$1 all may be ?us secur$1 to prev5t _! be+ bl[n ov] by high w9ds4 ,directions = ,managem5t4 ,take ! two boxes ,a & ,b1 made "o by ! junction be=e m5tion$1 & simil>ly inside by ! free communication af=d$4 ,%ake ! sw>m 9 z describ$ at page #bh1 j z ) a common cottage hive4 ,if ! wea!r be fav\rable1 ^! two boxes w be ne>ly fill$ 9 t5 days4 ,to get ! full advantage ( ! ,/ew>ton hive ! fir/ ye>1 put two sw>ms into two body boxes1 ,a & ,b2 if ! two are too small1 !n add ! o!r box ,c4 ,all[ ! bees to rema9 !re till !y h ne>ly fill$ ! body boxes ) comb1 :i* 7) ?is increas$ numb] ( work]s1 & 9 fav\rable wea!r7 %\ld be f five to t5 days4 ,two sw>ms are seldom procurable ! same day1 s z !n to be jo9$ toge!r1 & ev5 if !y 71 !re is a d\bt :e!r great] progress may n be atta9$ by hiv+ a sw>m a week or s e>li] ?an ! o!r1 s z to build comb & raise brood ready = ! reception ( ! new com]s4 ,! second sw>m is add$ be/ 9 ! ev5+1 aft] ! bees h ceas$ work+4 ,= ?is purpose spread a %eet on ! gr\nd1 place two /icks s z to prev5t ! box be+ close to ! gr\nd1 !n1 ) a sudd5 knock1 eject ! bees ( ! second sw>m on to ! clo?1 & place ! two body boxes t conta9 ! e>li] sw>m ov] ! dislodg$ bees2 ^! w1 9 ! c\rse ( an h\r or s1 asc5d & become "o family1 & "o ( ! que5s w be spe$ily de/roy$4 ,9 ! meantime1 prep>e ! %all[ honey-box ,d1 by fix+ small pieces ( work] guide-comb1 ( pure :ite col\r1 on ! c5tre ( ea* side b>4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a box ( honey ) neatly made1 /raight1 & q regul> comb be desir$1 a piece ( ?is guide-comb mu/ be fix$ to ! c5tre ( ea* b>4 ,if guide-comb be unobta9able1 /rips ( ! impress$ wax %eets or artificial comb 7h]eaft] describ$7 w be f\nd excell5t sub/itutes4#ab ,footnote #ab3 ,! body boxes may be prep>$ 9 a simil> mann]4 ,:5 select+ guide-comb1 avoid combs ) drone-cells2 to fix ^! is sett+ ! bees a bad patt]n4 ,honey /or$ 9 drone-combs has m wax1 & is co>s] 9 appe>ance & ta/e4 ,hav+ satisfi$ y\rself1 by peep+ 9 at ! w9d[s1 & f symptoms at ! entrance1 t ! orig9al boxes are well fill$1 place y\r prep>$ honey-box on ! top1 draw a slide at ea* side ( ! middle box to af=d communication1 & ins]t ! little plugs4 ,x is n s well to )draw ! middle slides1 because ! que5 is m likely to asc5d f ! c5tre4 ,:5 y notice t ! bees h fairly comm5c$ "w 9 ! honey-box & are likely to keep to x1 ! rema9+ box ,c may be add$ bel[ ! /ock1 :i* w af=d additional room & prev5t sw>m+1 ex*ang+ ! entrance to ! newly-furni%$ box & slid+ 9 pieces wood to close ! ap]ture ( t above4 ,%\ld ! bees beg9 mak+ comb 9 ! bottom box1 draw two m slides = fre] access into ! sup]1 z !re w !n be little risk ( ! que5 asc5d+1 hav+ s mu* range = egg-lay+ 9 ! ?ree l[] boxes4 ,9 v f9e wea!r1 a good sw>m or /ock w fill a honey-box 9 ! space ( two weeks2 b a mu* long] "t is usually occupi$4 ,! m quickly ! box is fill$1 ! pur] w be ! col\r ( ! comb & honey1 because bees v mu* discol\r _! "w :5 !y h x long on h&4 ,be=e tak+ (f ! honey-box1 obs]ve p>ticul>ly t ! combs are well seal$ at ! w9d[s1 because1 z m5tion$ at page #hc1 ?is portion ( ! "w is always left till ! la/4 ,:5 y see t all is ready = ! removal ( a box1 select ! middle ( a f9e day = ! purpose 7n omitt+ to don ! bee-arm\r74 ,draw out "o or two ( ! slides1 & give ! bees a few g5tle puffs1 ei!r ( fungus or ( tobacco smoke1 f ! tube fumigator1 :i* w cause ! majority ( ! bees to desc5d into ! body ( ! hive2 !n /op ! communication1 by pu%+ 9 ! slides4 ,next1 ) a spatula1 make a slight op5+ = a piece ( /rong ?9 tw9e at ! front ( ! box1 & imm$iately beh9d ! ?read two ?9 w$ges2 ) ! two ends 9 h&1 "w ! tw9e g5tly =w>d1 br++ ! w$ges1 aft]1 until ! opposite side is rea*$4 ,?is w remove any ob/ruction caus$ by ! bees hav+ atta*$ _! combs to ! top ( ! next box1 & ?us leave ! sup] entirely free = removal4 ,x w be z well1 = ! reasons /at$ at page #eh1 n to remove ! box imm$iately4 ,aft] wait+ an h\r1 ! box may be tak5 (f1 & convey$ to a quiet place4 ,%\ld any bees rema91 !y w be glad1 aft] _! conf9em5t1 to escape to ! p>5t hive2 or if y h an empty hive to put ov]1 by g5tly drumm+ ! sides1 ! rema9+ bees w asc5d & leave ! box at y\r disposal4 ,! bees driv5 into ! empty box may n[ be %ak5 out 9 front ( ! m\? ( ! hive4 ,ano!r plan is to cut (f ! communication ov] night1 & raise ! hive on w$ges1 z recomm5d$ to be adopt$ ) ! sup] 7page #gc74 ,be=e w9t] sets 91 ! box ,c may be remov$ & ! comb x conta9s 7if well fill$7 be us$ = consumption3 if ! comb be empty1 let x rema9 c>efully pres]v$ f mo? & insects2 x w be invaluable next season4 ,empty comb may be ?us pres]v$ by ty+ or pa/+ a piece ( /\t newspap] closely r\nd ! bottom1 & keep+ ! box 9 a dry place4 ,fe$+1 :5 requir$1 may be lib]ally pursu$1 by )draw+ two slides & supply+ a bottle-fe$]4 ,en\gh food %\ld be giv5 9 ! e>ly autumn to la/ until spr+4 ,! *ief value ( ! ,/ew>ton hive consi/s 9 ! boxes be+ %all[1 s t ! combs are m likely to be well fill$ d[n to ! base4 ,?is is a great advantage ) sup]s1 p>ticul>ly :5 requir$ to be s5t to a di/ance1 z !re is less likelihood ( ! combs break+ d[n4 ,a f9e sup] ( honey1 t w\ld be valuable1 is mat]ially depreciat$ :5 x rea*es its de/9ation 9 a damag$ /ate1 ) ! honey runn+ f ! cells4 ,= ! same reason1 :5 ! wea!r is hot & ! rays ( ! sun fall on ! hive1 ! combs might "p f _! f\ndations if !re 7 no int]m$iate b>s1 :i* is n[ ! case 9 ! /ock-hive1 compos$ z x is ( two boxes4 ,if ^! two boxes 7 9 "o1 ! dep? ( ea* comb w\ld be twelve in*es2 & :5 fill$ ) brood & honey1 w\ld probably weigh #aj lbs4 ,?is is a great weight to be support$ 9 hot summ] wea!r1 :5 ! wax is s(t5$ by ! heat4 ,ano!r di/+ui%+ feature t ! ,/ew>ton hive possesses is ! use ( ! box ,c1 :i*1 by giv+ increas$ room1 z ! season advances1 prev5ts :at is (t5 an annoyance to ! api>ian1 viz41 a late sw>m--too late to be ( any value1 & impov]i%+ ! /ock by a division ( its numb]s1 !reby p]haps imp$+ ! completion ( ! sup]4 ,a fur!r advantage ( ! box c1 is t x induces ! bees 7:o frequ5tly hang 9 du/]s ab\t ! entrance7 to c>ry on _! lab\rs in/ead ( rema9+ 9 en=c$ idl5ess4 ,we (t5 receive f ,scotl& magnific5t boxes ( honey2 ! f9e quality is no d\bt to be attribut$ to good pa/urage1 & to ! fact ( keep+ ! /ocks /rong 7see page #ai71 by adopt+ ! means be=e h9t$ at2 & ?us hav+ hives well /or$ & well populat$ e>ly 9 ! season1 s t !y may betimes take full advantage ( supplies ( nect> 9 ! fl[]s4 ,e>ly honey is g5]ally ! be/ 9 col\r4 ,! old prov]b runs3--,x is ! e>ly bird t f9ds ! worm4 ,! hive t is /rong is c]ta9 to produce ! mo/ honey4 ,to make ?is pla91 we w suppose t a bee-keep] has a weakly hive2 x w take "s weeks1 if n mon?s1 to gr[ popul\s2 & z soon z ! /r5g? ( ! hive has recov]$1 ! honey season w h advanc$1 if n end$1 :il/ ! /rong /ocks h be5 able to take full advantage ( ! supplies1 hav+ an abundance ( lab\r]s to collect ! honey & /ore x 9 sup]s = _! ma/]4 ,to induce ! bees to build quickly1 cov] up ! sup] ) z mu* w>m wooll5 cov]+ z y c1 z recomm5d$ = glasses1 page #fe4 ,9 f9e seasons1 & "u good managem5t1 extra sup]s & body boxes 7! latt] to be us$ z nadirs7 maybe requir$ to place above & bel[ ! sup]s & nadirs p>tly fill$1 9 ord] to reap ! full b5efit ( ! honey season2 = ) /rong colonies "o box aft] ano!r may be ins]t$1 till ! :ole t[]s f six to t5 boxes high4 ,?is plan is1 inde$1 collect+ honey :ile ! sun %9es1 b requires a great] am\nt ( api>ian skill & good pa/urage to c>ry on 9 its entirety ?an is g5]ally possess$4 ,9 o!r words1 we 9 ! s\? may f9d x difficult to rival our accompli%$ bro!r-api>ians nor? ( ! ,twe$1 = !y d wond]s ) ! ,/ew>ton hive4 ,,hub]',s ,,hive4 ,to ,francis ,hub]--n improp]ly /yl$ ! ,pr9ce ( ,api>ians--we are indebt$ = m ext5sive & accurate obs]vations on ! habits ( ! bee ?an h be5 contribut$ by all o!r obs]v]s s9ce ! "t ( ,ari/otle4 ,dur+ ! e>ly p]iod ( ,hub]'s inve/igations1 he prosecut$ !m by means ( s+le-comb hives1 :i* all[ ( ea* side ( ! comb be+ exam9$4 ,he f\nd1 h[ev]1 t !re 0 "o important defect4 ,! bees c\ld n 9 ^! hives clu/] toge!r1 :i* is _! natural me?od ( )/&+ ! effects ( a r$uc$ temp]ature4 ,hub] hit ^u ! +5i\s exp$i5t ( comb9+ a numb] ( s+le-comb frames1 s z to =m "o complete hive1 :i* c\ld be op5$1 9 ord] to expose any p>ticul> comb1 )\t di/urb+ ! re/4 ,f ! mann] ( ! op5+ & clos+ ( ?is hive1 x has g5]ally be5 call$ ! ,leaf or ,book ,hive4 ,! division sep>at+ ea* comb is jo9$ bo? back & front ) butt h+es1 fa/5$ ) a movable p91 on )draw+ :i*1 at ei!r side1 ea* comb & ! bees on x may be inspect$ z easily z if 9 a s+le-comb hive4 ,hub]'s leaf hive is ?us 9 appe>ance1 z if sev]al ord9>y ,hi/ory ( ,engl& backgammon *ess-bo>ds 7 set up on end toge!r4 ,! floor-bo>d on :i* ! hive /&s is l>g] ?an ! hive :5 clos$1 s z to all[ ( its be+ op5$ freely at any p>ticul> volume4 ,an entrance-way = ! bees is holl[$-out ( ! floor-bo>d z 9 o!r hives4 ,!re is a glass w9d[ 9 ea* end ( ! hive1 :i* is provid$ ) a %utt]4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o s]i\s objection to ,hub]'s hive1 :i*1 ?\gh n notic$ by him or 8 c>eful assi/ant1 has prev5t$ its g5]al use--t is1 ! difficulty !re is 9 clos+ x )\t cru%+ "s ( ! bees--a cata/rophe :i*1 by exasp]at+ _! comrades1 is c]ta9 to int]f]e ) any exp]im5ts4 ,!re is no su* risk 9 ! b> & frame hive1 :il/ 9 x e facility possess$ by ,hub]'s is reta9$2 s t we /rongly recomm5d sci5tific api>ians to use "s k9d ( b> & frame hive 9 pref]5ce to ,hub]'s4 ,we h "h introduc$ a description ( ,hub]'s leaf hive 7& %\ld be glad to exhibit "o7 = ! sake ( its hi/oric int]e/1 9 connection ) api>ian sci5ce4 ,! inv5tion 0 invaluable = ,hub] himself1 & x sugge/$ to o!r api>ians ! adoption ( ! pres5t plan ( v]tical b>s & frames4 ,! "* ( ,hub] & ! circum/ances "u :i* he pursu$ 8 obs]vations are s rem>kable1 t we ne$ sc>cely apologize = /at+ a few p>ticul>s respect+ him "h4 ,he 0 born at ,g5eva1 9 ,july1 #agej1 8 family be+ 9 hon\rable /ation & not$ = tal5t4 ,j z he atta9$ to manhood he lo/ 8 sight1 & rema9$ bl9d to ! end ( 8 days4 ,?is app>5tly insup]able ob/acle 9 ! way ( sci5tific obs]vation 0 ov]come by ! rem>kable fidelity ) :i* ,burn5s1 8 assi/ant1 wat*$ ! bees & report$ _! movem5ts to ,hub]4 ,madame ,hub] also1 :o1 betro!d to him be=e 8 calamity1 _h rema9$ con/ant 9 h] affection1 assi/$ 9 ! inve/igations ) great assiduity dur+ _! long & happy w$d$ life4 ,we quote ! foll[+ f ,memoirs ( ,hub]1 by ,pr(essor de ,c&olle3-- ,we h se5 ! bl9d %9e z poets1 & di/+ui% !mselves z philosoph]s1 musicians1 & calculators2 b x 0 res]v$ = ,hub] to give a lu/re to 8 class 9 ! sci5ces ( obs]vation1 & on objects s m9ute t ! mo/ cle>-sight$ obs]v] c sc>cely p]ceive !m4 ,! read+ ( ! works ( ,reaumur & ,bonnet1 & ! conv]sation ( ! latt]1 direct$ 8 curiosity to ! hi/ory ( ! bees4 ,8 habitual resid5ce 9 ! c\ntry inspir$ him ) ! desire1 fir/ ( v]ify+ "s facts1 !n ( fill+ "s blanks 9 _! hi/ory2 b ?is k9d ( obs]vation requir$ n only ! use ( su* an in/rum5t z ! optician mu/ furni%1 b an intellig5t assi/ant1 :o alone c\ld adju/ x to its use4 ,he _h !n a s]vant nam$ ,francis ,burn5s1 rem>kable = 8 sagacity & = ! devotion he bore 8 ma/]4 ,hub] practis$ him 9 ! art ( obs]vation1 direct$ him to 8 rese>*es by que/ions adroitly comb9$1 &1 aid$ by ! recollections ( 8 y\? & by ! te/imonies ( 8 wife & fri5ds1 he rectifi$ ! ass]tions ( 8 assi/ant1 & became enabl$ to =m 9 8 own m9d a true & p]fect image ( ! manife/ facts4 ',i am mu* m c]ta91' said he1 smil+1 to a sci5tific fri5d1 '( :at ,i /ate ?an y are1 = y publi% :at y\r own eyes only h se51 :ile ,i take ! mean among _m witnesses4' ,?is is1 d\btless1 v plausible reason+1 b v few p]sons w by x be r5d]$ di/ru/ful ( _! own eyesight4 ,! results ( ,hub]'s obs]vations 7 publi%$ 9 #agib1 9 ! =m ( lett]s to ,*4 ,bonnet1 "u ! title ( ,n\velles ,obs]vations sur les ,abeilles4 ,?is "w made a /rong impression ^u _m naturali/s1 n only because ( ! novelty ( ! facts /at$ & ! excell5t inductive reason+ employ$1 b also on acc\nt ( ! rigor\s accuracy ( ! obs]vations record$1 :5 x 0 consid]$ ) :at an extraord9>y difficulty ! au?or _h to /ruggle4 ,hub] reta9$ ! cle> faculties ( 8 obs]vant m9d until 8 dea?1 :i* took place on ! #bbnd ( ,decemb]1 #ahca4 ,mo/ ( ! facts relat+ to ! impregnation ( ! que51 ! =mation ( cells1 & ! :ole economy ( ! bee-community1 z discov]$ & describ$ by ,hub]1 h receiv$ full confirmation f ! inve/igations ( succe$+ naturali/s4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,iv4--,,ext]ior ,,arrangem5ts ,,& ,,app>atus4 ,,bee-,,h\se ,,to ,,conta9 ,,two ,,hives4 ,!re is no contrivance = protect+' hives f ! wea!r s complete z a bee-h\se3 "o :i* also admits ( an easy inspection ( ! hives rang$ !re9 is especially conv5i5t = lady bee-keep]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,front ,view ( ,bee ,h\se4 ,! fold+2 doors beh9d ! bee-h\se h only to be op5$1 & ! hives are at once expos$ to full view2 !n1 by rais+ ! upp] hive or cov]1 ! glasses may be delib]ately inspect$ )\t mole/ation f ! bees1 & ! progress made by ! busy multitude 9 build+ & fill+ _! combs may be wat*$ by ! bee-keep]1 f day to day1 ) great & increas+ int]e/4 ,"u ! ro( on ea* side are op5+s to act z v5tilators1 to all[ ! heat$ air to escape4 ,) ! sun %9+ on ! h\se & no escape ( ?is k9d1 ! heat w\ld be reta9$ inside1 & ! temp]ature become t ( an ov54 ,illu/ration ,"h our engrav+ %[s ! back view ( ! bee-h\se1 ! int]ior be+ furni%$ ) two ( our improv$ cottage hives4 ,two susp5d$ weights w be notic$2 ^! are to balance ! top hives :i* cov] ! glasses2 ! cord = ea* runs on pulleys1 s t ! cov]s c be easily rais$ & z easily %ut d[n aga9 :5 ! inspection is f9i%$4 ,we may "h rem>k1 t x is n well to keep ! glasses long expos$ to full light & view4 ,! front ( ! bee-h\se be+ closely bo>d$1 a passage-way is contriv$ = ! bees1 by :i* !y h egress & +ress1 )\t be+ able to ga9 access to ! h\se4 ,! hives mu/ be kept close to ! front bo>d+ ( ! h\se1 to prev5t ! op5+ ( any crevices :i* ! bees might mi/ake = ! entrance to _! hives1 & s f9d _! way into ! h\se4 ,! front view ( ?is bee-h\se %[s ! ord9>y contrivance = entrance2 ! slid+ z9c entrances may also be advantage\sly fix$1 z %[n 9 ! engrav+ ( a bee-h\se to conta9 twelve hives4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 hives & honey are sometimes /ol5 f ! g>d52 ! bee-h\ses we furni% h a lock & key to prev5t depr$ations ( ?is k9d4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to keep ! bee-h\ses free f spid]s & o!r insects4 ,9 "s di/ricts1 ants are num]\s & tr\blesome4 ,! plan we recomm5d = exclud+ !m is to put "s pit* r\nd ! f\r supports ( ! bee-h\se1 or1 bett] /ill1 /rips ( loose flannel1 or o!r wooll5 mat]ial t is absorb5t1 :i* h previ\sly be5 soak$ 9 lamp oil4 ,we use sp]m oil1 z be+ ! sl[e/-dry+ oil we "k (4 ,a piece ( /r+ w keep ! flannel close to ! wood & !n nei!r ant nor o!r insect w pass up2 s t ,dy ?is simple means ! hives may1 s to speak1 be insulat$1 & plac$ beyond _! rea*4 ,z ! oil dries up1 x c easily be r5ew$4 ,we h f\nd ?is an effectual rem$y aga9/ ^! insidi\s enemies ( bees4 ,,bee-,,h\se ,,to ,,conta9 ,,twelve ,,hives ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,back view ( ,bee-h\se1 %[+ ! ,int]ior4 ,:]e economy ( room is a consid]ation1 we fit up bee-h\ses ) a d\ble r[ ( hives1 "o above ! o!r4 ,our engrav+s %[ ! back & front ( a h\se ( ?is k9d1 hav+ an ornam5tal z9c gutt] to prev5t ! wet f dripp+ on to ! alight+-bo>d4 ,:5 a numb] ( hives are ?us toge!r1 we col\r ! alight+-bo>ds diff]5tly1 s t ! bees may h a di/9ctive m>k by :i* ea* may "k its own home1 & n w&] into its neighb\r's h\se4 ,bees readily en\gh receive a honey-lad5 lab\r] into a hive2 b if ! w&]] be poor & empty1 he w be promptly repuls$1 & may h to =feit 8 life = 8 mi/ake4 ,que5s return+ f _! w$d+ trip are liable to mi/ake _! hive if all ! entrances are s mu* alike t a noticeable diff]5ce is n easily app>5t4 ,a que5 ent]+ a hive already suppli$ ) a fruitful sov]eign w\ld be c]ta9 to be kill$4 ,! loss to ! hive to :i* ! que5 belong$ is a s]i\s "o4 ,hives are (t5 made que5less f ?is cause1 & !reby r$uc$ to utt] ru91 ! bee-ma/] p]haps attribut+ 8 failure to some?+ altoge!r diff]5t4 ,,bee-,,h\se ,,to ,,conta9 ,,n9e ,,hives4 ,illu/ration ,?is engrav+ repres5ts a bee-h\se adapt$ = hav+ a numb] ( hives 9 a limit$ space1--?ree r[s ( hives1 "o above ! o!r4 ,we d n recomm5d a bee-h\se ( ?is con/ruction2 x is difficult to erect "o to af=d space = sup] hives1 )\t its be+ s inconv5i5tly high z to be liable to be bl[n ov] by /rong w9ds4 ,hives ?us locat$ 9 a bee-h\se are n expos$ to s mu* *ange ( temp]ature1 & ! /ocks g5]ally pass ! w9t] well4 ,"h we may introduce ! m$itations ( a ,g]man api>ian1 :o describes ! advantages ( a bee-h\se = ! bees1 & 8 own pleasure 9 wat*+ ov] 8 pets 9 ! w9t]1 z !y dwell s com=tably & safely4 ,x is true t ,h]r ,braun associates /ill *oic] delights ) ! simple pleasures ( bee-keep+1 b z ,mr4 ,woodbury has n exclud$ ! high] !me f 8 translation1 we ne$ n hesitate to quote ! :ole3-- ,,ev5+ ,,?\ghts ,,9 ,,janu>y4 7,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,adalb]t ,braun47 ,,by ,a ,,devon%ire ,,bee-,,keep]4 ,)9 my little g>d5 ,/&s also a bee-h\se1 ,& bees !re9 protect$ ,f sly tomtit or m\se4 ,h[ quietly !y're sitt+6 ,& little tr\ble give1 ,beyond ! ne$ful wat*+ ,t undi/urb$ !y live-- ,t all1 inde$1 are liv+ ,9 /rong1 unbrok5 heal?1 ,&1 9 ! brood-ne/ hang+1 ,consume _! ho>d$ weal?-- ,t 9 ! dw9dl+ /ore-room ,suffici5t /ores rema91 ,until ! rape-plant donne? ,its blossom-dress aga96 ,?us daily d ,i visit ,my g>d5 & my bees1 ,neglect+ !reby (t5 ,my d9n] & my ease4 ,?ank ,god6 !y all 7 humm+ ,)9 _! hives to-day2 ,nor c\ld ,i f9d a symptom ,( hung] or decay4 ,& yet :at ard5t long+ ,i feel1 ,o ,spr+1 = !e6 ,my d>l+s' gleesome frolics ,are happ9ess to me6 ,h[ w\ld ?is anxi\s long+ ,consume my v brea/1 ,b = a little be+ ,s full ( love & je/4 ,9 heat or cold t prattles ,ar\nd me ev'ry day1 ,& /ill1 ! ?roes ( long+ ,by commune bli! & gay4 ,ye bee-keep]s c value ,a joy t is complete2 ,x is my wife--! d>l+ ,^: lips are honey-sweet4 ,) e'en ! ri*e/ bee-/& ,7 joy & pleasure gone1 ,if my he>t's que5 7 want+ ,& ,i left "h alone4 ,?us1 h] ,i love & hon\r1 ,no diff]5ce h we1 ,b (ttimes g toge!r ,our little pets to see4 ,h] kisses sweet remov+ ,all sorr[ f my brea/1 ,& honi$ joys surr\nd+ ,proclaim u highly ble/4 ,m\nt ,rad=d1 ,exet]4 ,t4 ,w4 ,woodbury4 ,,ornam5tal ,,z9c ,,cov]4 ,illu/ration ,! annex$ engrav+ ( ! ,ornam5tal ,z9c ,cov] r5d]s b little description necess>y4 ,! illu/ration %[s "o ( our improv$ cottage hives on a /&4 ,?ree clumps ( wood mu/ be driv5 into ! gr\nd1 & ! ?ree iron rods support+ ! cov]+ made fa/ to !m ) screws2 !re are screw holes 9 ! feet ( ! iron rods = ! purpose4 ,:5 ?us secur$1 b little fe> ne$ be ent]ta9$ ( its be+ bl[n ov] by high w9ds4 ,9 ! ro( two pulleys are fix$1 s t1 by atta*+ a cord1 ! upp] hive cov]+ ! bell-glass sup]s may be rais$ ) facility = ! purpose ( obs]v+ ! progress made by ! bees4 ,! ornam5tal z9c cov] w =m a pleas+ object 9 ! fl[]-g>d51 :5 plac$ 9 a suitable position on ! grass plot4 ,x is pa9t$ gre52 ! iron rods are ( su* a l5g? z to support ! ro( at a conv5i5t height f ! gr\nd4 ,,z9c ,,cov]4 ,illu/ration ,?is is a simple & inexp5sive cov]+ = any cottage /raw hive :5 expos$ 9 ! g>d54 ,x fits close on to ! upp] hive1 com+ suffici5tly l[ to protect x f sun & ra91 )\t obscur+ ! :ole hive4 ,^! cov]s are pa9t$ gre5--a col\r t is g5]ally pref]r$4 ,,taylor',s ,,z9c ,,cov]4 ,illu/ration ,?is z9c cov]1 introduc$ by ,h4 ,taylor1 ,esq41 = 8 cottage hive1 w also be f\nd useful z a protection f wet1 = _m o!r descriptions ( r\nd /raw hives4 ,,bell ,,glasses4 ,illu/ration ,to conta9 #aj lbs41 #aj in*es high1 #g in*es wide4 ,to conta9 #f lbs41 #g in*es high1 #e in*es wide4 ,to conta9 #c lbs41 #e in*es high1 #d in*es wide4 ,^! bell glasses are us$ 9 ! hives be=e describ$4 ,! l>ge/ is = ,nutt's hive2 ! middle-siz$ is = our improv$ cottage hive2 ! smalle/ glass is s v small t x is n (t5 us$1 & we d n recomm5d x4 ,bees w g5]ally fill a middle-siz$ glass q z soon z "o s small z ?is4 ,,taylor',s ,,bell ,,glasses4 ,illu/ration ,^! glasses h be5 introduc$ by ,mr4 ,taylor1 & are recomm5d$ z pref]able to deep n>r[ glasses4 ,! draw+s w %[ t !y are /raight at ! sides1 flat at ! top inside1 ) a knob outside to take hold by1 ?r\gh :i* is a half-in* op5+ to admit a v5tilat+ tube4 ,! l>g] is six in*es deep1 twelve in*es wide2 small]1 five in*es deep1 n9e & a half in*es wide4 ,illu/ration ,! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,payne1 ( ,bury1 au?or ( ! ,bee-keep]'s ,guide introduc$ ano!r glass4 ,x has a ?ree-in* hole 9 ! c5tre1 ! purpose ( :i* is to tempt bees to produce additional & l>g] /ores ( honey4 ,x is to be us$ z foll[s3--,:5 a bell glass is half or q fill$1 raise x1 & place ,payne's glass ov] ! hole ( ! /ock-hive1 ) ! fill$ glass on x1 ov] ! ?ree-in* hole4 ,! bees w br+ _! combs ?r\gh1 & ?us ,mr4 ,payne f\nd t !y w\ld /ore m honey ?an if ! bell glass 7 remov$ & ano!r empty "o put 9 its place4 ,( c\rse1 ! fir/ glass mu/ be small] 9 diamet] ?an ,payne's glass1 s z to re/ ^u x4 ,,flat-,,topp$ ,,glass4 ,?is is a glass sup]1 to be plac$ on ! hive 9 a simil> way to ! bell glasses already allud$ to4 ,x has ! advantages ( be+ /raight at ! sides1 flat at top1 & )\t a knob2 s t :5 fill$ x may be br\ght on to ! breakfa/ table1 inv]t$1 on a plate4 ,! glass lid %[n 9 ! engrav+ =ms a cov]1 & fits ov] outside1 s z n to int]f]e ) ! combs )94 ,^! flat-top glasses1 l ^? ) a knob1 h a hole ?r\gh :i* a z9c v5tilat+ tube is ins]t$4 ,dim5sions1 six & ?ree-qu>t] in*es wide1 five in*es high4 ,illu/ration ,,guide-,,comb ,,= ,,glasses4 ,9 "s ( our previ\s allusions to ! be/ mode ( induc+ bees to comm5ce work+ 9 glasses1 we h recomm5d$ atta*+ guide-comb4 ,we w n[ m p>ticul>ly expla9 h[ ?is attraction c be be/ appli$4 ,we h already %[n h[ bees may be induc$ to make use ( guide-combs fix$ to b>s1 & ! same pr9ciple is applicable to glasses4 ,^! may be fill$1 ) great regul>ity1 by adopt+ ! foll[+ directions1 :i*1 we believe1 h nev] be=e appe>$ 9 pr9t3-- ,procure a piece ( clean new empty work] honey-comb1 :i* has n _h honey 9 x 7because honey w prev5t adhesion to ! glass72 cut x into pieces ( ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* squ>e4 ,g5tly w>m ! ext]ior ( ! glass 7?is we f9d is be/ done by hold+ ! glass horizontally = a %ort "t ov] ! flame ( a c&le72 !n apply "o ( ! pieces ( empty comb inside at ! "p w>m$1 tak+ c>e1 9 fix+ x1 t ! pit* or incl9ation ( ! cells is upw>ds--9 fact1 place ! guide-comb 9 ! same relative position t x occupi$ 9 ! hive or glass f :i* x 0 tak54 ,!re is "s dang] ( mak+ ! glass too w>m1 :i* w cause ! comb to melt & ! wax to run d[n ! side1 leav+ an unsightly appe>ance on ! glass2 ?is %\ld be c>efully avoid$1 & a little exp]i5ce w soon enable ! op]ator to det]m9e ! degree ( w>m? suffici5t to make ! comb adh]e )\t any ( x be+ melt$4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to /ate t only ! v :ite/ combs ought to be us$4 ,a %ort "t %\ld be all[$ be=e *ang+ ! position ( ! glass1 s t x may cool suffici5tly to hold ! comb 9 its place4 ,six or eight pieces may ?us be fix$1 s t1 :5 ! glass is fill$1 x w pres5t a /> %ape1 all ! combs radiat+ f ! c5tre4 ,! annex$ engrav+ %[s ! appe>ance ( a glass z work$ by ! bees1 9 :i* guide-combs 7 fix$ 9 ! mann] describ$ above4 ,! draw+ 0 tak5 f a glass ( our own fill$ aft] be+ ?us furni%$4 ,illu/ration ,9 ! ,old ,museum at ! ,royal ,g>d5s1 ,kew1 may be se5 a ,taylor's glass1 pres5t$ by u1 "s ( ! combs 9 :i* are elongat$ on ! outside to ! bread? ( six in*es4 ,we believe1 t n only does a glass pres5t a mu* h&som] appe>ance :5 ?us work$--& w1 on t acc\nt1 mo/ fully rew>d ! tr\ble ( fix+ guide-comb--b t m honey is /or$ 9 ! same space1 & 9 less "t ?an if ! glass be plac$ on ! hive m]ely 9 a nak$ condition = ! bees to foll[ _! own devices4 ,?is mode ( fix+ guide-comb does n solely apply to ! above-%ap$ glass1 b is equally useful = all k9ds ( glasses4 ,x is introduc$ 9 connection ) ?is glass because1 f its hav+ a flat top & no knob1 ! regul>ity is m cle>ly app>5t4 ,! work+ ( bees 9 ! bell glasses illu/rates h[ tractable _! disposition really is1 if only scope be all[$ = ! due ex]cise ( _! natural in/9ct4 ,!y h no secrets 9 _! economy1 & !y d n %r9k f our con/ant obs]vation z !y daily pursue _! simple policy ( cont9u\s ?rift & p]sev]+ accumulation4 ,yet x is only ow+ to ! lab\rs ( successive inv5tors t we are n[ enabl$ to wat* ! v pulse ( ! ma*9e ( ! bee-commonweal?3-- ,long f ! eye ( man & face ( day4 ,involv$ 9 d>kness all _! cu/oms lay1 ,until a sage well v]s$ 9 ,nature's lore1 ,a g5ius =m$ all sci5ce to explore2 ,hives well contriv$1 9 cry/al frames dispos$4 ,& !re ! busy citiz5s disclos$4 ,murphy's ,vani]e4 ,illu/ration3 ,ext]ior ( an ,api>y4 ,z orig9ally erect$ 9 ! ,zoological ,g>d5s1 ,reg5t's ,p>k4 ,illu/ration3 ,int]ior ( an ,api>y4 ,may be tak5 z sugge/ive = ! con/ruction or appropriation ( rooms = ! l>g] ,api>ies 9 summ]-h\ses or o!r out-build+s4 ,,! ,,new ,,bottle-,,fe$]4 ,illu/ration ,x has long be5 ackn[l$g$ t ! be/ mode ( fe$+ bees is ?r\gh an op5+ at ! top ( ! /ock-hive4 ,! new bottle-fe$] is a simple & good means ( adm9i/]+ food :5 a /ock requires help 9 t way1 z bees c take ! food f x )\t leav+ ! hive4 ,any k9d ( hive t has an op5+ at ! top may ?us be f$4 ,ano!r important feature is ! cleanl9ess ) :i* lib]al fe$+ c be accompli%$2 & few op]ations require m c>e ?an does fe$+4 ,if liquid sweet is left hang+ ab\t ! hive1 x tempts robb]-bees2 & :5 once ! bees ( an api>y h _h a ta/e1 !re is no kn[+ :]e _! depr$ations w /op3 !y resolutely attack & endeav\r to rob o!r hives1 fight+ & kill+ "o ano!r to a consid]able ext5t4 ,ev5 if no hives be completely de/roy$1 weakness f loss ( numb]s w be ! portion ( mo/1 if n ( all1 ! hives 9 ! g>d54 ,! morals ( our fav\rites are "h a good deal at fault1 = ! /rong] hives1 :5 _! inord9ate passion is ?us /irr$ up by ! c>elessness or want ( k ( ! bee-keep]1 attack & prey ^u ! weak] ones4 ,to be =ew>n$ is to be =e>m$--& prev5tion is bett] ?an cure4 ,we /rongly recomm5d closely cov]+ up ! fe$]2 "o ( ! middle-size bell glasses put ov] x makes a close-fitt+ cov]1 %\ld ! regul> cov] to ! hive n be suffici5tly tight4 ,:5 bees are n kept 9 a bee-h\se1 & are1 on t acc\nt1 m accessible1 ?is extra c>e is p>ticul>ly ne$$4 ,! "r "t = fe$+ is 9 ! autumn or spr+4 ,z /at$ at page #gf1 x is requisite to asc]ta9 ! condition ( ! hive at ,mi*aelmas1 &1 if want+1 ! defici5cy c !n be made up4#ac ,x is n wise to def] fe$+ until lat] 9 ! season1 because x is important t1 :5 ! food is plac$ b ! cells1 ! bees %\ld seal x up2 & a tol]ably w>m temp]ature is requir$ to enable !m to secrete ! wax = ! delicately-=m$ lids ( ! cells4 ,if ! food rema9$ unseal$1 !re is dang] ( its turn+ s\r1 & !reby caus+ disease among ! bees4 ,x is n well to fe$ 9 mid-w9t] or :5 ! wea!r is v cold3 bees at su* times consume b little food1 be+ 9 a /ate ( torpor1 f :i* x is bett] n to ar\se !m4 ,footnote #ac3 ,a mu* great] quantity ( food w h to be adm9i/]$ ?an ! actual weight requir$ to be furni%$1 because !re is a v consid]able decrease aft] x is tak5 by ! bees4 ,a little food 9 ! spr+ /imulates ! que5 to lay m abundantly1 = bees are provid5t & d n re> ! "y s rapidly :5 ! supplies are %ort4 ,9 ?is p>ticul>1 ! intellig5ce ( bees is v /rik+2 !y h ne$$ no ,mal?us to tea* !m t ! means ( subsi/5ce mu/ regulate ! increase ( a prosp]\s population3-- ,! presci5t female re>s ! t5d] brood ,9 /rict proportion to ! ho>d$ food4 ,evans4 ,judgm5t has1 h[ev]1 to be ex]cis$ by ! api>ian 9 giv+ food1 = x is q possible to d mis*ief by ov]-fe$+4 ,! bees1 :5 ov]-f$1 w fill s _m ( ! combs ) honey1 t ! que51 9 ! e>ly spr+1 _c f9d empty cells 9 :i* to deposit h] eggs1 &1 by ?is means1 ! progress ( ! hive is mu* ret>d$1--a result t %\ld be gu>d$ aga9/4 ,! foll[+ directions w %[ h[ ! bottle-fe$] is to be us$3--,fill ! bottle ) liquid food2 apply ! net1 affix$ by an india-rubb] b&1 ov] ! m\?2 place ! block ov] ! hole ( ! /ock-hive1 inv]t ! bottle1 ! neck re/+ )9 ! hole 9 ! block2 ! bees w put _! tongues ?r\gh ! p]=ations & imbibe ! food1 ?us caus+ ! bottle to act on ! pr9ciple ( a f\nta94 ,! bottle be+ glass1 x is easy to see :5 ! food is consum$4 ,! piece ( p]=at$ z9c is = ! purpose ( prev5t+ ! bees f cl++ to ! net1 or escap+ f ! hive :5 ! bottle is tak5 away = ! purpose ( refill+4 ,a v good syrup = bees may be made by boil+ #f lbs4 ( honey ) #b lbs4 ( wat]1 = a few m9utes2 or loaf sug>1 9 ! proportion ( #c lbs4 to #b lbs4 ( wat]1 answ]s v well :5 honey is n to be obta9$4 ,,r\nd ,,bee-,,fe$]4 ,illu/ration ,r\nd bee-fe$]s are made ( z9c & e>!nw>e1 eight in*es across1 ?ree in*es deep4 ,! projection outside is a receptacle = p\r+ 9 ! food2 ! bees ga9 access to ! fe$] ?r\gh a r\nd hole1 :i* is plac$ ei!r at ! c5tre or ne>] "o side1 :i*ev] may be/ suit ! op5+s on ! top ( ! /ock-hive4 ,! fe$] occupies a simil> position to t ( ! glasses or cap hives 9 ! ga!r+ season4 ,a circul> piece ( glass1 cut s z to fit into a groove1 prev5ts ! bees escap+1 & reta9s ! w>m? )9 ! hive1 :il/ x af=ds opportunity = inspect+ ! bees :5 fe$+4 ,! fe$]s 7 orig9ally only made ( z9c2 b "s bee-keep]s advis$ ! use ( e>!nw>e1 & a few h be5 made to meet ! wi%es ( ^? :o give ! pref]5ce to t mat]ial4 ,:5 ! bees are f$ f above 9 ?is mann]1 ! fe$] is kept at a w>m temp]ature by ! heat ( ! hive4 ,9 common hives1 cottag]s fe$ ! bees by pu%+ "u ! hive ?9 slips ( wood scoop$ out1 into :i* ! food is p\r$4 ,?is plan ( fe$+ c only be _h rec\rse to at night1 '& ! pieces ( wood mu/ be remov$ 9 ! morn+4 ,by fe$+ at ! top ( ! /ock-hive any int]ruption ( ! bees is avoid$4 ,= fur!r in/ructions on ?is head1 see ! directions giv5 = us+ ! bottle-fe$]4 ,,z9c ,,f\nta9 ,,bee-,,fe$]4 ,illu/ration ,we h inv5t$ ! f\nta9 bee-fe$]1 9 ord] t a l>g] supply ( liquid food might be giv5 to a hive ?an is practicable ) ! r\nd fe$]4 ,! liquid honey is p\r$ 9 at1 ! op5+1 :i* unscrews2 :il/ be+ fill$1 ! inside slide1 clos+ ! op5+ ?r\gh :i* ! food passes into ! fe$+-pan1 %\ld be %ut d[n4 ,:5 ! res]voir is fill$1 ! screw is made fa/1 &1 ! slide be+ )drawn1 a wood5 float1 pi]c$ ) small holes1 ?r\gh :i* ! bees take ! food1 =ms a false bottom1 & rises & falls ) ! liquid4 ,?is fe$]1 be+ on ! siphon pr9ciple1 l a p\ltry or bird wat]-f\nta91 is suppli$ f ! res]voir until t is empty4 ,a piece ( glass is fix$ 9 ! side ( ! res]voir1 9 ord] t ! bee-keep] may see :5 x is empti$4 ,a flat piece ( glass on ! top prev5ts ! bees f escap+1 & ?r\gh x !y may be inspect$ :il/ fe$+4 ,! bees f9d access to ! fe$] on to ! p]=at$ float ?r\gh ! c5tral r\nd hole1 :i* is plac$ ov] a correspond+ hole 9 ! /ock-hive4 ,,honey ,,cutt]s4 ,illu/ration ,honey cutt]s are us$ = remov+ comb f boxes & glasses )\t damag+ x4 ,! flat-blad$ knife is = disconnect+ ! combs f ! sides2 ! hook-%ap$ "o is = ! same purpose1 to be appli$ to ! top or horizontal "p ( ! box or glass4 ,,box ,,fumigator4 ,illu/ration ,?is fumigator is a t9 box1 some:at l a pepp]-box ^u a foot4 ,x is a simple adaptation ( ! fumigat+ app>atus describ$ by ,mr4 ,nutt1 & is us$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--,h a /raw hive or o!r vessel ready t w mat* 9 circumf]5ce ! hive int5d$ to be fumigat$4 ,if ! empty hive h a conical top1 x w n rema9 cr[n d[nw>ds )\t a re/2 9 ?is case1 x w be conv5i5t to inv]t x on a pail4 ,hav+ asc]ta9$ t ! hive to be op]at$ ^u & ! empty "o 9 its rev]s$ position ne>ly mat* 9 size1 take half a packet ( ! prep>$ fungus1 fire x well1 & place x 9 ! box or fumigator2 place ?is 9 ! c5tre ( ! empty hive1 !n br+ ! occupi$ hive directly ov]1 s z to receive ! fumes ( smoke4 ,to keep all close1 put a wet clo? r\nd ! place :]e ! two hives meet4 ,9 a m9ute or two1 ! bees may be he>d dropp+ heavily into ! l[] empty hive1 :]e !y lie /upefi$4 ,aft] a little :ile1 ! old hive may be tapp$ ^u to make ! bees fall m quickly4 ,on remov+2 ! upp] hive1 ! bees f x w be f\nd ly+ quiet at ! bottom ( ! l[] "o4 ,place a %eet on ! gr\nd1 & spread ! bees on x2 !n1 ) a fea!r1 sort !m ov]1 9 ord] to pick out ! que5-bee4 ,z soon z ! que5 is f\nd1 p\r ! re/ ( ! le?>gic sw>m f (f ! %eet back into ! inv]t$ hive aga94 ,! /upefi$ bees mu/ n[ be spr9kl$ freely ) a syrup made ( honey & wat]1 or sug> & ale boil$ toge!r4 ,"s' api>ians recomm5d a few drops '( pepp]m9t to be mix$ ) ! syrup1 9 ord] to dr[n ! peculi> od\r :i* is special to ea* hive ( bees1--?is is m necess>y :5 two-hives ( bees are fumigat$1 & :il/ "u ! influ5ce ( smoke are well mix$ toge!r4 ,! hive conta9+ ! bees ) :i* x is int5d$ to unite ! /upefi$ bees mu/ n[ be plac$ on ! top ( t 'conta9+ ! latt]1 j z ! hive 0 f :i* !y h come4 ,a wet clo? mu/ be fa/5$ r\nd ! two hives1 s z to prev5t any ( ! bees f escap+4 ,! hives 9 ?is position mu/ be plac$ :]e !y are n likely to be knock$ d[n or m$dl$ )4 ,! fre% bees 9 ! upp] hive1 attract$ by ! sc5t ( ! bees besme>$ ) honey1 g d[n & comm5ce lick+ (f ! sweets f ! sleepy ones4 ,! latt] gradually revive1 :5 all get m+l$ toge!r & asc5d 9 company to ! upp] hive1 :]e !y live z if !y _h n be5 sep>ate families4 ,! two hives %\ld be left undi/urb$ = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 !n ! upp] hive may be remov$ & plac$ imm$iately on ! spot f :5ce x 0 br\ght4 ,! reason ! que5 is recomm5d$ to be tak5 is to prev5t any fight+4 ,%e %\ld be kept alive & f$ z long z %e w live1 9 case any h>m %\ld befall ! sov]eign ( ! o!r community4 ,,tube ,,fumigator4 ,illu/ration ,! tube fumigator#ad is useful = sev]al purposes4 ,:5 a frame-hive has to be di/urb$ x is requisite to raise ! lid & bl[ a little smoke into ! hive1 s z to *eck ! angry passions ( ! bees4 ,if x be desirable to /upefy ! bees1 ignit$ fungus mu/ be plac$ 9 ! box & ! flatt5$ end appli$ to ! entrance ( ! hive2 ! smoke is !n bl[n 91 ei!r ) bell[s or by apply+ ! m\? ( ! op]ator1 tak+ c>e to close all op5+s ?r\gh :i* x c escape4 ,! bees fall d[n /upefi$1 g5]ally 9 ab\t t5 m9utes2 b ! effect v>ies accord+ to ! popul\sness ( ! hive & ! quantity ( comb 9 x4 ,! project$ op]ations mu/ n[ be p]=m$ spe$ily1 z activity w soon be rega9$4 ,see prec$+ directions4 ,footnote #ad3 ,?is fumigator w be f\nd to possess _m advantages ov] ! box fumigator be=e m5tion$4 ,,! ,,bee ,,dress ,,or ,,protector4 ,illu/ration ,all op]ations connect$ ) ! removal or ! hiv+ ( bees %\ld be conduct$ ) calmness & circumspection4 ,bees1 al?\gh ! busie/ ( creatures1 ent]ta9 a great dislike to fuss9ess 9 _! ma/]s1 & become irritable at once if ! api>ian all[s !m to see t he is 9 a hurry4 ,h5ce1 !re is great advantage 9 hav+ ! face & h&s cov]$ :il/ at "w among/ ! bees2 = :5 ! op]ator kn[s he _c possibly be /ung1 he c op5 8 hives1 take out ! combs1 ga!r 9 8 sw>ms1 or take ! honey1 ) all ! delib]ation ( a philosoph]4 ,v>i\s k9ds ( bee-dresses h be5 contriv$2 "o t we keep ready 9 /ock is ( a v simple con/ruction4 ,x is made ( /rong black net1 9 %ape l an inv]t$ bag1 l>ge en\gh to all[ ( a g5tleman's wide-awake or a lady's hat be+ worn und]nea?4 ,! projection ( ! hat or cap causes ! dress to /& (f f ! face1 & ! me%es1 ( ! net1 ?\gh mu* too small = a bee to p5etrate1 are wide en\gh to all[ ( cle> vision = ! op]ator4 ,an ela/ic b& secures ! dress r\nd ! wai/2 ! sleeves also1 made ( durable black calico1 are secur$ at ! wri/s by a simil> me?od4 ,! h&s ( ! bee-ma/] may be effectually protect$ ) a pair ( india-rubb] gloves1 :i* %\ld be put on be=e ! dress is fa/5$ r\nd ! wri/s4 ,?is k9d ( glove is regul>ly us$ by photograph]s1 & all[s ( great] ease 9 manipulation ?an any o!r description4 ,?us a v simple & inexp5sive means ( protection w enable ev5 a novice 9 bee-keep+ to make 8 obs]vations & conduct 8 exp]im5ts "u a s5se ( p]fect security4 ,/ill1 he ne$ n be c>eless z to ! feel+s ( 8 bees2 8 success & _! com=t w be promot$ by 8 h&l+ !m g5tly1 & z if he lov$ !m4 ,famili>ity betwe5 bees & _! ma/] bre$s n contempt1 b affection4 ,any sudd5 or clumsy movem5t1 :i* j>s ! combs or frames1 w excite ! bees1 & if b "o %\ld be cru%$1 ! od\r ( _! slaught]$ comrade r\ses ! inhabitants ( ! hive to a pit* ( exasp]ation4 ,_! p[]s ( smell+ are v acute4 ,! human brea? is abom9ation to !m2 !re=e1 :5 op]at+ ^u bees1 be c>eful to close ! m\? & brea! only ?r\gh ! no/rils4 ,! be/ "t = mo/ op]ations is 9 ! middle ( a f9e day4 ,,engrav$ ,,press+ ,,roll] ,,= ,,! ,,guidance ,,( ,,bees ,,9 ,,! ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,honey-,,comb ,,on ,,! ,,b>s4 ,illu/ration ,?is is an engrav$ metal roll]1 :i*1 :5 appli$ to ! coat$ und]side ( a comb-b>1 leaves an impression z %[n 9 ! diagram4 ,! wax hav+ be5 spread on ! flat b>1 ! roll]1 heat$ by be+ put into hot wat]1 is heavily press$ ov] x4 ,! roll] has two wood5 h&les1 s t consid]able pressure may be giv5 to x4 ,! roll] is a little less ?an two in*es 9 diamet]1 sev5-eigh?s ( an in* wide1 & ! l5g? f h&le to h&le is six in*es4 ,! diagram %[s ! full size ( ! impressions z left on ! wax1 aft] pass+ ! roll] along ! comb-b>1 9 ! mann] above describ$4 ,x is a contrivance inv5t$ 9 ,switz]l&1 & exhibit$ 9 ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 :5 ! patt]n roll] 0 pur*as$ by ourselves4 ,! b>s ( a hive prep>$ ) ^! m>k+s 9 wax af=d ready-made f\ndations = regul> combs1 :i* v mu* facilitate ! op]ations ( ! bees4 ,,impress$ ,,wax ,,%eets ,,= ,,artificial ,,combs4 ,^! artificial p>tition walls = combs are %eets ( g5u9e wax1 ab\t ! sub/ance ( ?9 c>dbo>d4 ,!y receive rhomboidal impressions by be+ press$ betwe5 two metal plates1 c>efully & ma!matically prep>$ & ca/ s t ! impressions are exactly ! same size z ! base ( ! cells ( a honey-comb4 ,an inspection ( a piece ( comb w %[ t ! division ( ! opposite cells is made by a ?9 p>tition wall1 common to bo?4 ,n[ ! sub/ance ( ?is is said to be only ! "o hundr$ & eightie? "p ( an in*1 :il/ ! artificial ones we are recomm5d+ are betwe5 ! ?irtie? & =tie? "p ( an in*1 m ?an f\r times ! ?ickness ( ! h&iwork ( ! bees !mselves4 ,x w\ld1 inde$1 be va9 to attempt to furni% %eets ( wax at all approa*+ _! own delicate fabric2 ! impress$ %eets are q z ?9 z !y c be to be> ! h&l+ :i* is requisite = fix+ !m 9 ! hives4 ,we f9d1 h[ev]1 t ! ?ickness is no disadvantage2 ! bees spe$ily excavate & p>e ! artificial %eet s z to suit _! own notions ( ! sub/ance requir$2 !n1 ) admirable economy1 !y use ! surplus ?us obta9$ = ! con/ruction ( ! cells4 ,aft] a %eet has be5 p>tly work$ at by ! bees1 x is int]e/+ to hold x up to ! light & obs]ve ! beautiful transp>5cy ( t "p ( x1 contra/$ ) ! opaqu5ess ( ! "p n yet lab\r$ ^u4 ,:5 x is consid]$1 z writ]s tell u1 t m ?an #ad lbs4 ( honey are requir$ = ! secretion & elaboration ( a s+le p\nd ( comb1 x w n be difficult to =m a j e/imate ( ! value ( ?is inv5tion1 :i* ?us furni%es *eap & excell5t assi/ance to our indu/ri\s fav\rites4 ,x also %[s ! bee-keep] t all clean empty combs %\ld be c>efully pres]v$ & consid]$ z valuable /ock4 ,ano!r great advantage t x af=ds u is1 t x r5d]s u indep5d5t ( guide-comb1 :i* is n always obta9able4 ,:5 a %eet or a /rip ( ?is impress$ wax is prop]ly fix$ to ! comb-b>1 x is c]ta9 to be ! guide & f\ndation ( a /raight comb4 ,?is inv5tion has be5 d]iv$ f ,g]many1 :]e x has be5 adopt$ _m ye>s ) success4 ,at ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb1 we pur*as$ ! metal plates or ca/+s1 s z to manufacture ! impress$ %eets ) :i* we are n[ able to supply our cu/om]s2 &1 aft] ! c>eful trials we h made1 we h great confid5ce 9 recomm5d+ !m4 ,9 ! season ( #ahfc we furni%$ a ,woodbury glass sup]1 ) ! wax %eets fix$ to ! b>s1 9 ! mann] h]eaft] to be expla9$1 & x 0 truly a/oni%+ to see ! rapidity ) :i* ^! %eets ( wax 7 work$ into comb4 ,receptacles 7 quickly made ready = ! /or+ ( honey1 & ! new combs soon became beautifully :ite2 =1 al?\gh ! artificial wax has a yell[ t+e1 yet1 aft] be+ work$ at & made ?9n]1 x is z good 9 col\r z ord9>y combs4 ,= sup]s we cut ! wax plates 9 half1 mak+ "o s]ve = two b>s4 ,we h receiv$ f ,g]many ! foll[+ directions = ! fa/5+ ( ! artificial plates to ! comb-b>s4 ,h]eaft] w be describ$ a plan :i* we h adopt$1 & to :i* pref]5ce is giv54 7,translation47--,! un/amp$ edge ( ! plate receives incisions half an in* di/ant f "o ano!r1 made ) a %>p knife1 ! plate hav+ be5 a little w>m$2 !n x is p9*$ betwe5 two equally /rong l$ges1 :i* h be5 well moi/5$4 ,! project+ edge ( ! plate :i* receiv$ ! incisions is alt]nately b5t to ! "r & to ! left4 ,! comb-b> is well besme>$ ) artificial /ick+ wax 7a mixture ( two p>ts ( wax & "o "p ( ,am]ican res971 & is well w>m$ at a fire4 ,aft]w>ds ! besme>$ side is laid ^u ! b5t end ( ! plate1 & press$ to x z firmly z possible4 ,a small wood5 l$ge1 besme>$ ) /ick+ wax1 & fa/5$ by means ( pressure to ! l[] edge ( ! plate1 prev5ts x f b5d+1 :i* sometimes happ5s :5 ! bees "w x4 ,to c>ry out ! directions "h giv51 x is necess>y to w>m ! besme>$ comb-b> at a fire2 ! wax plate has also to be w>m$4 ,hav+ tri$ ?is plan1 & f\nd inconv5i5ce att5d+ x1 especially f ! wax curl+ ) ! heat & ! difficulty ( mak+ x /ick firm1 to say no?+ ( ! uncom=tabl5ess ( p]=m+ ! op]ation be=e a fire on a hot day 9 ,july1 we began to consid] if a little c>p5t]+ might n d ! "w bett] & m pleasantly1 & adopt$ ! foll[+ plan3--,we split or cut ! comb-b>s ( ! ,woodbury sup] 9 half1 l5g?ways1 &1 tak+ ! un/amp$ edge betwe5 ! two /rips1 jo9$ !m toge!r aga9 by small screws at ! side1 conf9+ ! wax plate tightly 9 ! c5tre1 ) no possibility ( its fall+ d[n4 ,:]e frames are us$1 ( c\rse ! b> c\ld n be cut 9 two 7except ) ! comp\nd b> & frame1 :]e ! b> be+ loose1 x might be z easily manag$74 ,! plan we adopt ) an ord9>y frame is to saw out an op5+1 ab\t an in* or an in* & a half f ei!r end1 :]e ! sides are mortic$ 92 ?is op5+ we make ) a keyhole-saw4 ,?r\gh x ! wax plate is easily put1 &1 ) a heat$ iron pass$ ov] ! upp] side ( ! b>1 is made suffici5tly firm4 ,if ! wax plates are too l>ge1 a portion may be cut (f2 an op5+ ( full elev5 in*es long c be made )\t mat]ially weak5+ ! b> & frame4 ,ano!r1 & p]haps ! simple/1 plan is1 to fix a /rip ( wood ) brads to ! und]side ( ! top frame or b>3 place ! wax %eet aga9/ ?is1 !n w$ge ano!r /rip close to x1 & ?us hold ! wax %eet firmly 9 ! c5tre ( ! frame1 tak+ c>e also to make ! second /rip ( wood fa/ ) brads4 ,! wax plates mu/ n ext5d to ! bottom ( ! frame2 a space ( at lea/ "o in* %\ld be left = expansion1 because ! bees1 9 work+ ! plate1 /ret* x d[n l[]4 ,we also use a few p9s firmly press$ into ! frames1 & long en\gh to rea* ! edge ( ! plate2 = by fix+ ?ree or f\r p9s on ei!r side1 bo? at ! sides & at ! bottom1 ! plate may be held 9 an exactly c5tral position )9 ! frame4 ,z be=e m5tion$1 :5 ^! directions are c>ri$ out1 !re is no fe> ( be+ tr\bl$ ) crook$ combs or b>s4 ,! secretion ( wax1 & ! me?od ( its adaptation by ! bees1 is ?us admirably describ$ by ,evans3-- ,?us filt]$ ?r\gh y\r flutt]]'s fold$ mail ,cl+s ! cool$ wax1 & h>d5s to a scale4 ,swift at ! well-kn[n call1 ! ready tra9 7,= n a buzz boon ,nature brea!s 9 va97 ,spr+ to ea* fall+ flake1 & be> along ,_! glossy burd5s to ! build] ?rong4 ,^!1 ) %>p sickle1 or ) %>p] too?1 ,p>e ea* excresc5ce & ea* angle smoo?1 ,till n[1 9 f9i%'d pride1 two radiant r[s ,( sn[-:ite cells "o mutual base disclose2 ,six %9+ panels gird ea* poli%'d r\nd1 ,! door's f9e rim1 ) wax5 fillet b\nd1 ,:ile walls s ?91 ) si/] walls comb9$1 ,weak 9 !mselves1 a sure dep5dance f9d4 99 99 99 99 99 ,o!rs 9 firm phalanx ply _! tw9kl+ feet1 ,/ret* out ! ductile mass1 & =m ! /reet4 ,) _m a cross-way1 pa?1 & po/]n gate1 ,t %ort5 to _! range ! spread+ /ate4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,manipulation ,,& ,,uses ,,( ,,b> ,,& ,,frame ,,hives4 ,hav+1 at page #hd1 giv5 a description ( ! me*anical arrangem5ts ( b> & frame hives1 ! next ?+ is1 to describe ! mode ( introduc+ ! bees1 & ( ?us br++ ! humane & sci5tific hives into op]ation4 ,! sw>m %\ld be fir/ hiv$ into a common /raw hive f ! b\gh or %rub ^u :i* !y may h alight$2 place ?is hive1 into :i* we w suppose ! bees h be5 %ak51 on ! gr\nd1 propp$ up on "o side ) a brick or a fl[]-pot1 or any?+ ( ! sort t may be h&y1 9 ord] t /raggl]-bees may jo9 ! sw>m4 ,! spot select$ = ?is %\ld be z %ady an "o z c be f\nd1 ne> to ! place :]e ! sw>m settl$2 or x may be %ad$ f ! rays ( ! sun by fix+ matt+ on two poles1 s z to prev5t ! heat fall+ on ! hive2 spread a %eet or clo? on ! gr\nd :]e an ev5 surface c be obta9$2 /ake ?is %eet d[n at ! f\r corn]s1 to prev5t ruts & inequalities1 :i* are great h9drances to ! bees go+ into ! b> & frame hive2 place ! latt] ^u ! %eet1 )\t its floor-bo>d1 hav+ its front rais$ on blocks or /icks r m ?an an in*1--n m1 o!rwise ! bees w clu/]1 & atta* !mselves to ! l[] "p ( ! frames1 in/ead ( go+ up betwe54 ,^! prep>ations w1 p]haps1 occupy t5 m9utes1 by :i* "t ! sw>m w h become settl$ & tol]ably quiet4 ,!n1 ) a %>p rap1 precipitate ! bees out ( ! /raw hive on to ! %eet imm$iately 9 front ( ! frame hive2 give ! /raw hive ano!r knock1 s z to dislodge all ! bees1 & !n take x q away1 o!rwise !y may1 if x be left ne>1 p]v]sely *oose to g into t1 in/ead ( ! "o desir$4 ,9 "s cases1 z :5 ! sw>m has to be br\ght f a di/ance & procur$ f a cottag] ab\t ^: skill 9 c>ry+ out ^! directions !re may be misgiv+s1 x is be/ to give in/ructions t ! sw>m be br\ght home aft] sunset1 & !n ! =ego+ directions = induc+ ! bees to t5ant ! frame hive may be bett] c>ri$ out4 ,= ourselves1 we mu* pref] ! ev5+ = ! purpose4 ,a little wat] spr9kl$ ov] !m f a wat]+-pot is likely to induce ! bees to quit ! gr\nd & g up into ! hive m quickly4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro?1 9 8 admirable book1 ,! ,hive & ,honey ,bee1 writes3--,if !y are too dilatory 9 ent]+ ! new hive1 !y may be g5tly sep>at$ ) a spoon or leafy twig :]e !y ga!r 9 bun*es on ! %eet1 or !y may be c>efully 'spoon$ up' & %ak5 out close to ! front ( ! hive4 ,z ^! g 9 ) fann+ w+s1 !y w raise a peculi> note1 :i* communicates to _! companions t !y h f\nd a home1 & 9 a %ort "t ! :ole sw>m w ent]1 )\t injury to a s+le bee4 ,9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 ,mr4 ,woodbury says3--,if combs be fix$ 9 ! frames1 ! cr[n-bo>d may be remov$ & ! clu/] knock$ out ( ! /raw hive on to ! top ( ! expos$ frames4 ,! bees w disappe> betwe5 !m ) ! utmo/ alacrity1 delight$ to h met ) a ready-furni%$ dwell+1 & ! top1 or cr[n-bo>d1 hav+ be5 replac$1 ! hive %\ld at once be remov$ to ! position x is int5d$ to p]man5tly occupy4 ,no "o %\ld attempt ^! op]ations )\t be+ protect$ by a bee dress & a pair ( india-rubb] gloves1 :i* are /+-pro(4 ,"s p]sons also take ! precaution ( ty+ /r+s r\nd ! ancles ( ! tr\s]s1 le/ "s /raggl] %\ld det]m9e to attack ! outpo/s ( ! enemy1 :i*1 to say ! lea/1 might p]plex ! op]ator 9 ! mid/ ( 8 task4 ,ela/ic india-rubb] b&s are good = ?is purpose1 or a pair ( knick]bock]s w\ld be useful4 ,if ,well+ton boots are worn1 ! tr\s]s may be tuck$ )9 ! lea!r1 9 :i* case no bee c mole/ ! op]ator1 & no /r+ or b& w be ne$$4 ,practice makes p]fect 9 bee-t5d+1 z 9 o!r matt]s1 & :5 a light h& is ga9$1 !re is little dang] ( ! api>ian be+ /ung4 ,if ! wea!r be wet ! next day or s aft] hiv+1 x w be well to give a little assi/ance to ! new colony 9 ! %ape ( food1 = al?\gh1 :5 a sw>m leaves a hive1 almo/ e bee compos+ x fills itself ) honey1 we h kn[n n a few in/ances1 9 case ( v wet wea!r1 9 :i* ! :ole sw>m has be5 />v$ = ! want ( ?is little timely help4 ,( c\rse1 ! fir/ "w ( ! bees is to build !mselves combs1 & ^! combs be+ produc$ by ! secretion ( wax f honey1 a great dra9 ^u _! res\rces imm$iately beg9s1 & any little outlay at ?is juncture is abundantly comp5sat$ by its enabl+ ^! indu/ri\s emigrants ! m quickly to pu% =w>d ! furni%+ ( _! new home4 ,clean combs f hives t may h lo/ _! bees are readily accept$1 & cause a great sav+ 9 "t &2 mat]ial to ! bees2 ^! combs may easily be fix$ by cutt+ !m ! prop] size to fit )9 ! frames1 & mak+ !m firm by ty+ ) tape or fix+ !m ) pliable wire4 ,9 any case :]e ! combs are too small to fit )9 ! frame1 a tempor>y b> may be fix$1 & held firm by be+ sprung )9 ! two upright sides ( a frame1 & ?us pu%$ up until x presses ! comb2 !n a piece ( tape w\nd r\nd1 or a clip made ( t9 or z9c %ap$ to ! top b>1 prev5ts its fall+ out4 ,all ^! supports may be remov$#ae z soon z ! bees h made ! f\ndation secure2 ! comb w !n be add$ to4 ,9 ?is way1 e loose piece ( comb may be economis$4#af ,footnote #ae3 ,!y %\ld be fir/ dismemb]$ f ! comb by runn+ a p5knife betwe54 ,footnote #af3 ,artificial comb may be advantage\sly us$1 especially if a little "t 7say a c\ple ( days7 be all[$ to elapse be=e x is put into ! hive2 because1 at fir/1 s eag] is a sw>m to pu% =w>d ! "w ( comb-build+1 t ! %eets are liable to become mutilat$4 ,= guide-comb1 cut ! %eets 9 /rips ( r m ?an an in* 9 dep?1 & fix !m z m5tion$ at page #aed4 ,^! prep>ations mu/ be made prior to '! bees be+ hiv$1 s t :5 a hive is s prep>$1 a sw>m may beg9 to adapt :atev] advantages !y f9d ready = !m2 & x is truly m>vell\s :at a sw>m w d :5 ?us furni%$ ) combs 9 _! new habitation4 ,9 ^! ! que5 c imm$iately beg9 to deposit h] eggs1 & ! work]s to /ore _! honey1 )\t hav+ to wait = ! con/ruction ( combs1 :i* is a labori\s occupation = ! bees4 ,9 "s cases1 f9e :ite combs ( honey may be tak5 f ! /ock-hive2 ! end frames are always ! mo/ free f brood4 ,c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ n to rob ?is "p ( ! hive too mu*2 "o comb may1 p]haps1 be remov$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! season )\t impov]i%+ ! bees1 b x is n wise to take m4 ,,putt+ ,,on ,,sup] ,,hive4 ,a colony e/abli%$ a ye> or m is call$ a /ock1 by way ( di/9ction f a sw>m ( ! pres5t ye>4 ,suppos+ ! hive to be a /ock1 ! sup] %\ld be giv5 !m at ! e>ly "p ( ! season1 say1 if f9e & w>m1 at ! latt] end ( ,april or beg9n+ ( ,may2 if ! wea!r be !n unfav\rable1 x is bett] to delay do+ s until a m g5ial temp]ature4 ,if ! colony be a sw>m ( ! pres5t ye>1 two weeks %\ld be all[$ to elapse f ! "t ( t5ant+ a hive1 be=e putt+ on ! sup]2 ?is delay is necess>y to give ! bees ! opportunity ( build+ combs 9 _! new domicile1 & ( gett+ a /ore ( honey = !mselves be=e work+ = _! ma/]4 ,:5 x is wi%$ to use a sup]1 ! cr[n-bo>d or ro( ( ! /ock-hive mu/ be tak5 away1 ! ?9 adapt+ or honey-bo>d tak+ its place4 ,! two long slits at ! sides are to give admission to ! sup]4 ,! bees w beg9 soon]1 & "w fa/]1 if ! eight b>s are ea* furni%$ ) artificial comb 7z describ$ at page #aeb74 ,we h _h depriv+-hives v quickly fill$ :5 ! bees 7 ?us assi/$4 ,combs t h be5 left unfill$ may be fix$ to ! b>s z be=e describ$2 ^! mu/ be :ite & clean1 z d>k comb %\ld n be us$ = sup] hives4 ,! combs1 :5 fill$1 may be tak5 out s+ly1 if desir$ = consumption1 sub/itut+ an empty b> or comb2 or1 %\ld ! bee-keep] desire to see a h&some sup]1 he mu/ wait until ! bees h fill$ & seal$ up all ! combs1 & !n he may proce$ to disconnect ! sup] by draw+ a /r+ or wire betwe5 ! adapt+-bo>d & ! /ock-hive4 ,aft] wait+ a %ort "t = ! commotion to subside1 ! op]ator mu/ raise ! sup] on its bo>d & bl[ 9 a little smoke4 ,! bees may be induc$ to quit by adopt+ ei!r ( ! means describ$ at pages #eh & #gc4 ,:5 ! sup] has be5 remov$1 ano!r may be put on2 b if ! honey-ga!r+ be ov]1 ! cr[n-bo>d %\ld be replac$4 ,,tak+ ,,out ,,frames ,,) ,,combs4 ,x is well = a beg9n] to practise ! directions = op5+ & %utt+ up hives1 by us+ an empty hive until he becomes famili> ) ! h&l+ ( ! frames4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d is1 to loos5 ! cr[n-bo>d1 or lid1 ) a knife1 draw+ a piece ( /r+ und]nea? x1 to divide ! wax or cem5t ) :i* ! bees make all secure4 ,?is /r+ %\ld be drawn ?r\gh v sl[ly1 s z n to irritate ! bees4 ,9 hot wea!r1 ! cr[n-bo>d may be loos5$ by a lat]al movem5t2 b sometimes1 = want ( c>e1 ?is loos5+ ( ! lid di/urbs ! bees1 &1 z soon z x is remov$1 a numb] ( !m1 enrag$ !reby1 ru% out & attack ! op]ator4 ,?is & all o!r op]ations ought to be p]=m$ v c>efully & g5tly4 ,especial c>e %\ld be tak5 n to prise ! lid upw>ds1 by way ( wr5*+ x (f1 = ! frames & combs are g5]ally secur$ !reto1 & !re is a liability ( r5d+ ! combs ) x2 ?is w greatly irritate ! bees1 & be o!rwise injuri\s4 ,:5 a hive ( bees is enrag$1 !re is little *ance ( pacify+ !m2 x is be/1 "u su* circum/ances1 to give 91 at once1 & n attempt to p]=m any op]ation1 b to %ut ! hive up & beat a retreat1 b5efit+ by ! exp]i5ce1 9 ord] to d bett] a day or s aft]w>ds4 ,!re are v>i\s devices = intimidat+ or conciliat+ ! bees1 & "o ( ^! already spok5 ( is--smoke4 ,s next "t ! exp]im5t] makes 8 attempt let him raise ! lid an in* or s1 & bl[ a few puffs ( smoke into ! hive1 :i* w cause ! bees to retreat ,?is is be/ done by us+ our tube fumigator1 ) a little ( ! prep>$ fungus light$4 ,pipes or cig>s are n conv5i5t to use = ?is purpose :5 ! head is envelop$ 9 ! dress4 ,z soon z ! lid is remov$1 a few bees w fly out to le>n ! cause ( su* an int]f]5ce4 ,conciliation %\ld !n be (f]$ by hav+ at h& a little1 sweet5$ wat]1 :i* may be spr9kl$1 or r let drop1 f a fea!r or a bru%4 ,! sudd5 motion ( ! h& requir$ 9 ! act ( spr9kl+ irritates ! bees1 s t1 in/ead ( mak+ !m our fri5ds1 !y may become our foes4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? recomm5ds t a f9e wat]+-pot1 fill$ ) sweet5$ wat]1 be us$ = ! purpose4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to dr5* ! bees2 only j suffici5t %\ld be giv5 to run d[n ! sides ( ! combs1 z well z spr9kl+ ! top4 ,z soon z ! bees really und]/& t syrup is be+ giv5 !m1 !y fea/ ^u x1 in/ead ( angrily attack+ ! op]ator4 ,?us pacifi$1 & ) g5tle treatm5t1 b little difficulty w be f\nd 9 proce$+ ) ! "w requir$4 ,b ! unskill$ op]ator %\ld on no acc\nt neglect to put on a bee-dress & gloves1 z describ$ above4 ,we w\ld err on ! side ( caution1 al?\gh !re is an old say+ t a cat 9 gloves cat*es no mice2 & ! api>ian w f9d t 8 f+]s are n s free to "w z he w\ld l1 = gloves1 make !m r clumsy 9 draw+ up ! frames4 ,! frames mu/ n[ be g5tly pris$ f front to re>2 ?is may be done ) a small screw-driv] or o!r /\t in/rum5t ) a w$g$ end to g into ! not*es4 ,! frames fit loosely s z to all[ ( a little movem5t f back to front2 a lat]al or side-way movem5t might kill ! que51 or1 if n s fatal z t1 might cru% "s ( ! bees & injure ! brood combs1 :i* mu/ be c>efully avoid$4 ,( c\rse1 mu* dep5ds ^u ! nature ( ! op]ation t has to be p]=m$1 :e!r or no all ! frames %\ld be ?us loos5$4 ,if x be = mak+ artificial sw>ms1 or = any purpose requir+ an int]view ) h] maje/y1 ! :ole ( !m mu/ be loos5$1 because x (t5 happ5s t all ! combs h to be exam9$1 sometimes twice ov]1 be=e %e c be discov]$4 ,bees are v apt to build _! combs 9 a slightly wav+ =m1 & 9 extract+ "o x w be ne$ful to make room bo? = ! comb & bees ^u x to pass )\t scrap+ ! next comb1 & !re w be a difficulty if ! api>ian attempts to draw out "o comb :il/ ! o!r frames are locat$ 9 _! appropriate not*es4 ,let ! op]ator g5tly proce$ to lift1 say1 ! ?ird frame 7all[+ x to lodge on ! little block t divides ! not*es7 slightly ne>] to ! f\r? frame1 & ! second ne>] ! ?ird1 s z to admit ( suffici5t space to lift out ! end "o4 ,v c>efully & sl[ly he %\ld lift ! frame by tak+ hold1 ) ?umb & f+]1 ( ! project+ %\ld]s t re/ 9 ! not*2 & he mu/ n let x t\* or scrape ! next frame or ! sides ( ! hive1 s z to cru% or irritate any bees4 ,aft] ! end comb is ?us remov$1 x w be easy to extract ! o!rs1 z !re w n[ be pl5ty ( room = draw+ !m out4 ,a hive ( exactly ! same size %\ld be at h&2 & 9 case x be desir$ to remove ! combs & bees into ano!r hive1 c>e %\ld be tak5 t ea* comb occupies ! same relative position t x did 9 ! old hive4 ,9 h&l+ ! frames1 x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t !y are to be held p]p5dicul>ly4 ,to ga9 a view ( bo? sides ( ! comb :5 se>*+ = ! que51 or = any purpose requir+ full inspection1 ) a little dext]ity 9 twirl+ ! frame r\nd1 ! rev]se side may be br\ght to face ! op]ator1 )\t lett+ ! comb break away by its own weight1 & s fall out ( ! frame1 :i* x w d if all[$ to deviate f its upright or d[nright position4 ,if ! op]ator c\ld see an exp]i5c$ p]son p]=m ! op]ation1 he w\ld quickly und]/& h[ combs may ?us be h&l$ )\t any risk ( a sma%4 ,:5 plac+ frames 9 ! hive1 c>e mu/ be tak5 n to cru% a bee betwe5 ! project+ %\ld]s ( ! frame & ! rabbets or not*es on :i* !y re/1 & on no acc\nt mu/ ! frame be let d[n ) a j]k1 or ! bees w become exce$+ly fi]ce3 ! frame %\ld be s sl[ly deposit$ 9 its place t a bee on feel+ ! slighte/ pressure may h ! opportunity ( escap+ unhurt !reby4 ,! cr[n-bo>d %\ld be replac$ by fir/ re/+ its front edge 9 its place1 & !n sl[ly l[]+ ! aft] "p1 look+ c>efully "u1 & mom5t>ily rais+ x :5 necess>y to avoid cru%+ a bee4 ,%\ld ! hive h its sup] on1 ! same directions may be foll[$4 ,! sup] ) its honey-bo>d may be bodily tak5 away1 & s plac$ & conf9$ = a "t t robb]-bees _c f9d an entrance1 & also be f> en\gh f ! api>ian to be out ( dang] ( be+ brok5 or ov]turn$ by him4 ,,advantages ,,( ,,b> ,,& ,,frame ,,hives4 ,x w be ask$1 ,:y all ?is tr\ble ab\t b> & frames ) /raight combs built ^u !m8 ,we h %[n ! full comm& :i* ! bee-keep] has ov] a hive s con/itut$1 & we n[ proce$ to %[ h[1 9 skilful h&s1 ^! advantages may be us$ successfully2 ?\gh2 9 ! h&s ( ! unpractis$ & unskilful1 ! contr>y may be ! result4 ,all ! b>s & frames 9 an api>y ought to be ( precisely ! same dim5sions1 s z to fit e hive4 ,?is is ess5tial = ! /r5g!n+ ( weak hives4 ,a hive t is weakly may (t5 be advantage\sly /r5g!n$ by hav+ put into x a comb ( brood f a popul\s /ock1 to :i* an empty frame f ! weak "o may be giv52 no bees mu/ be on ! brood-comb--^! %\ld be %ak5 (f or g5tly dislodg$ ) a fea!r into ! hive f :i* ! comb is tak54 ,! frames ( combs %\ld !n be1 "o by "o1 plac$ s z to fill' 9 ! vacancy1 leav+ ! empty frame ne>e/ ! side4 ,:5 a hive has be5 9 use _m ye>s1 ! combs become v black1 & e bee t is br$ 9 a cell leaves a film beh9d4 ,x may be und]/ood h[ 9 ?is way ! cells become contract$1 & ! bees t are br$ 9 !m correspond+ly r$uc$ 9 size4 ,aft] ! lapse ( at lea/1 say1 five ye>s1 x may be necess>y to beg9 remov+ ! old combs4 ,?is may be done by cutt+ away ! comb1 or by sub/itut+2 an empty frame = "o ) old black comb1 gradually mov+ ! frames t[>ds ea* o!r4 ,by tak+ two away 9 ?is mann] 9 ! spr+ or summ] ( e season1 ! combs 9 c\rse ( five ye>s may all be recon/ruct$1 & fre% clean ones be secur$ = bre$+ 91 in/ead ( ! old black ones t o!rwise w\ld rema9 z long z ! /ock c\ld live 9 ! hive4 ,,artificial ,,sw>m+4 ,e bee-keep] kn[s ! anxiety he feels 9 wat*+ & expect+ a sw>m to come =?1 fe>ful le/ 8 fav\rites %\ld1 l ri*es1 take w+ & fly away1--a mis*ance t x is desirable to prev5t4 ,9 our description ( natural sw>m+1 ?is w be f\nd fully treat$ (2 we propose "h m]ely to po9t out h[1 ) ! movable frames1 ?is "w ( ,nature may be assi/$--we say assi/$1 because artificial sw>m+ %\ld1 z ne>ly z possible1 resemble natural sw>m+2 t is1 x %\ld be p]=m$ at ! same "t ( ! ye>1 & :5 ! popul\s /ate ( ! hive makes a division desirable4 ,?is is easily kn[n to be ! case :5 bees hang out 9 clu/]s at ! entrance1 wa/+ _! "t 9 en=c$ idl5ess in/ead ( be+ abroad ga!r+ honey4 ,x is also necess>y t ! hive conta9 drones4 ,:5 su*1 is1 ! /ate ( ! hive1 ! facility ( af=d+ an artificial sw>m ) a movable frame-hive is a decid$ advantage4 ,! be/ "t = p]=m+ ! op]ation is ab\t t5 o'clock 9 ! morn+ ( a f9e summ]'s day4 ,! foll[+ directions %\ld be c>ri$ out3--,place ready a c\nt] or b5* t is firm & /rong1 & :i* has space on x = ! inhabit$--or1 r1 ! ov]-inhabit$--frame-hive & ! empty "o1 :i* is ab\t to be made ! receptacle ( a sep>ate /ock4 ,! op]ator1 attir$ 9 8 bee-dress1 & hav+ ! o!r appliances ready1 may n[ op5 ! hive#ag z be=e describ$1 & proce$ to take out ! frames1 c>efully exam9+ bo? sides ( ea* comb to f9d ! que52#ah %e is g5]ally 9 ! c5tre ( ! hive1 s t x is n always ne$ful to take out all ! t5 frames4 ,z !y are exam9$1 ! frames may be put into ! empty hive1 & :5 ! object ( ! bee-ma/]'s se>* is f\nd1 he mu/ c>efully remove ! frame conta9+ h] maje/y1 & may place x tempor>ily 9 ! empty hive1 at "o end by itself4 ,next he mu/ proce$ to put ! frames back into ! old hive1 clos+ up ! vacancy caus$ by ! removal ( ! comb ) ! que5 on x1 & leave ! empty frame at ! end4 ,!n he may place ! frame conta9+ ! que51 ) ! few bees t maybe ^u x1 9 ! c5tre ( ! empty hive2 &1 f9ally1 putt+ all ! o!r frames 91 & replac+ ! lid1 ! bee-ma/] w place ?is hive 9 ! exact position occupi$ by ! old /ock4 ,! bees t are on ! w+ w g to ! old spot1 &1 f9d+ ! que5 !re1 !y w rally r\nd h]1 & v soon =m a suffici5t numb] to con/itute a sw>m2 comb-build+ w at once beg91 ! frames w1 9 a week or s1 be fill$1 & a satisfactory /ock w ?us be e/abli%$4 ,by do+ ?is1 at ! "r "t1 j be=e ! bees are ab\t to sw>m1 or :5 !re are _m drones1 all ! tr\ble ( wat*+ & wait+ = !m is sav$4 ,mr4 ,woodbury claims ! hon\r ( hav+ orig9at$ ?is mode ( sw>m+4 ,footnote #ag3 ,bees are apt to take ! int]f]5ce m k9dly if ! /ock be mov$ a little di/ance f its accu/om$ /&2 9 su* case1 place an empty hive 9 its place1 to amuse return+ bees4 ,^! c be %ak5 out :5 ! hive x is desir$ !y %\ld inhabit is re/or$4 ,if ! hive be kept 9 a clos$ bee-h\se1 ! entrance %\ld be %ut d[n until ! hive is replac$1 :5 ! clu/]$ bees may be at once admitt$4 ,footnote #ah3 ,italian que5s are m easily detect$1 be+ ( a bright] col\r &1 g5]ally1 l>g] ?an ,engli% que5s4 ,?is op]ation we p]=m$1 exactly z describ$ above1 ) "o ( our improv$ cottage-hives1 "o aft]noon at ! latt] end ( ,may1 #ahfb4 ,:il/ inspect+ our bees1 we caught sight ( ! que5 on ! comb 9 "o ( ! bell-glasses4 ,?is 0 a *ance n to be miss$1 & we imm$iately resolv$ to =m an artificial sw>m1 = ! hive 0 v full ( bees4 ,besides1 be+ oblig$ to be away f ! api>y mo/ ( ! week1 we 7 glad ( ! opportunity ( s easily e/abli%+ a colony )\t ! unc]ta9ty & tr\ble ( hiv+ a natural sw>m4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 we slid a t9 "u ! bell-glass1 & remov+ ! /ock-hive f und]nea?1 we took x a few feet away2 !n we plac$ an empty improv$ cottage-hive :]e ! old /ock _h /ood1 & put ! glass ( comb conta9+ ! que5 & a few bees ov] "o ( ! holes 9 ! cr[n ( ?is new empty hive4 ,! bees t 7 left abroad belong+ to ! old /ock return$ z usual to _! old entrance z !y suppos$2 soon a suffici5t numb] =m$ a l>ge clu/] 9 ! hive & began comb-build+1 ! que5 rema9+ 9 ! glass until ! cells bel[ 7 suffici5tly num]\s = h] to deposit h] eggs 9 !m4 ,! division answ]$ exce$+ly well2 bo? hives prosp]$3 ! old hive ei!r _h "s pr9cesses com+ =w>d to supply ! loss ( ! que51 or ! bees us$ a p[] t !y possess ( rais+ a que5 f work]-brood 9 ! mann] we h previ\sly describ$4#ai ,footnote #ai3 ,see ,section ,i1 page #i4 ,! =ego+ acc\nt illu/rates ! successful =mation ( an artificial sw>m2 b1 ) a cottage-hive1 ga9+ possession ( ! que5 is q a matt] ( *ance4 ,) a movable frame-hive %e c at any suitable "t be f\nd4 ,precisely ! same plan is to be adopt$ ) ! old /ock 9 ! frame-hive z we h describ$ 9 ! case ( ! cottage-hive1 t is1 to remove x "s few paces (f3 :5 ! hives are 9 a bee-h\se1 a simil> result may be obta9$1 by plac+ ! new sw>m = a day or two to ! entrance us$ by ! bees :5 ) ! old /ock1 & ! old /ock may be remov$ to an approximate entrance4 ,"s api>ians recomm5d t a space be left betwe5 ! two hives1 by plac+ ! hives on ! "r & left ( ! old entrance1 9 ord] t too l>ge a proportion ( bees %\ld n ent] ! new hive at ! old position1 to ! impov]i%m5t ( ! o!r4 ,b we h f\nd ! mode adopt$ ) ! cottage-hive answ] s well1 t we see no reason = recomm5d+ any diff]5t plan4 ,x is ! (fice ( ! bee-ma/] to assi/1 n 9 ! lea/ degree to oppose1 nature4 ,we "k t :5 a natural sw>m issues =?1 x has its impregnat$ que51 &1 :5 locat$ 9 a new abode1 x comm5ces build+ work]-combs1 leav+ ! build+ ( ! few drone-combs to a lat] p]iod2 b if a division ( ! hive %\ld be made1 by putt+ half ! combs 9 "o hive & half 9 ano!r1 ! hive t is ei!r que5less or conta9s an embryo que5 w busy itself ) build+ only drone-comb2 ?us a numb] ( receptacles = useless bees is provid$1 :i* t5ds to weakness1 & ev5tually to loss ( ! hive4 ,9 ! plan we h recomm5d$ = =m+ two sep>ate families1 we ne>ly foll[ ! natural /ate ( ?+s2 ! comb t ! que5 is ^u is ! only "o t is tak5 f ! hive1 & ?is vacancy %\ld be fill$ 9 by mov+ ! frames toge!r1 s z to leave ! empty frame at ! end4 ,! bees1 "u ! gov]nm5t ( ! impregnat$ que51 con/ruct ! combs & furni% _! new above1 z be=e /at$1 ) work]-cells4 ,by adopt+ ! plan above describ$1 ! movable b> & frame-hive w prove f> sup]ior to any ( ! divid+ hives1 :i* provide = equal division ( ! combs4#bj ,footnote #bj3 ,at page #adc ( ,mr4 ,lang/ro?'s ,honey ,bee1 o!r me?ods ( artificial sw>m+ are describ$1 ! p]usal ( :i* w well repay ! sci5tific bee-keep]4 ,p]haps ! greate/ advantage ! movable frame-hive possesses is1 t a full k c be atta9$ ( its exact /ate z reg>ds ! que51 ! population1 & ! quantity ( food 9 /ock4 ,dur+ wea!r ( a g5ial temp]ature1 ! combs may on any f9e day be inspect$1 & ?us1 a k be+ ga9$ ( ! defici5cy exi/+ 9 a hive1 ! necess>y means may be adopt$ = supply+ ! want4 ,sometimes su* an exam9ation w v]ify ! fe>s ( ! bee-keep]1 :51 hav+ obs]v$ t 8 bees h ceas$ to c>ry 9 poll51 he has !reby receiv$ w>n+ t ! que5 has be5 lo/ at "s juncture :5 no successor to ! ?rone c\ld be provid$4 ,su* a hive has ent]$ on a d[nw>d c\rse1 & w dw9dle away entirely1 unless a que5 %\ld be giv5 to x1 or else "s combs conta9+ "y brood n m ?an ?ree days old4 ,by ! latt] me?od1 ! bee-keep] w ga9 an opportunity ( see+ ! bees set ab\t _! wond]ful process ( rais+ a que5 f ! brood ?us provid$ = !m4 ,:5 a bee-keep] has become skilful 9 8 call+1 he maybe desir\s to enc\rage ! bre$+ ( que5s1 or r ( prev5t+ _! de/ruction4 ,he w seek to use ! propagat+ in/9cts ( ! work]-bees z a set-(f aga9/ t innate hatr$ ( rivalry :i* prompts ! reign+ que5 to kill ! t5d] royal brood4 ,illu/ration ,an +5i\s little contrivance has be5 br\ght into use by cont95tal bee-keep]s1 especially by ,h]r ,kle9e1 a ,g]man pa/or1 to prev5t ! de/ruction allud$ to4 ,x consi/s ( a small wire cage 79 fact1 a pipe cov]71 z repres5t$ 9 ! above engrav+1 plac$ ov] a que5-cell to protect x f ! "m-bee's animosity1 & x also s]ves to prev5t ! "y que51 :5 hat*$1 f escap+2 = %e w h ! same jeal\s feel+ t[>d h] si/]-pr9cesses1 %\ld !re be m 9 ! hive4 ,! bee-ma/] may ?us c>efully remove & appropriate h]4 ,p>ticul> att5tion w h to be ex]cis$ to affix ! cage into ! comb by pressure1 z f> z ! middle wall1 b at no po9t mu/ x t\* ! royal cell itself4 ,z ! cage w probably project s z to t\* ! adjo9+ comb1 a little incision & removal ( a portion may be necess>y1 to all[ space = x4 ,x c1 h[ev]1 be squeez$ into any %ape to suit ! position requir$4 ,?is cov]+ ne$ n be put ov] ! cell until ! egg is a little m ?an a week old4 ,! animosity ( ! reign+ que5 does n g5]ally manife/ itself until ! royal brood approa*es maturity4 ,x is said t ^! cells are unmole/$ on ! t5? day1 b t on ! elev5? day !y may be f\nd t5antless4 ,not)/&+ ! api>ian's c>e & skill1 _m disappo9tm5ts are frequ5tly exp]i5c$ 9 endeav\r+ to e/abli%+ f]tile "y que5s at ! head ( colonies4 ,hives f\nd to be que5less may be suppli$ ei!r ) matur$ que5s or ) que5-cells4 ,if ! latt] are suffici5tly num]\s1 _! introduction may easily be effect$ by ex*ang+ a comb 9 ea* hive2 if !y h to be cut out & place loosely 9 ! new hive1 a triangul> piece ( comb %\ld !n be remov$ ) !m1 to be us$ z a block 9 prev5t+ any pressure com+ on !m4 ,a space mu/ be cut out ( ! middle 9 ! c5tre combs ( ! hive into :i* !y are to be introduc$4 ,special c>e mu/ be tak5 n to bruise ! royal embryos1 z !y are p>ticul>ly s5sitive to pressure4 ,x is sometimes be/ to introduce royal brood into que5less hives 9 pref]5ce to matur$ unimpregnat$ que5s1 because1 z m5tion$ at page #h1 bees are reluctant to receive virg9 que5s1 :il/ !y w tol]ate "o hat*$ 9 ! hive1 :o w spe$ily dep>t to seek a drone4 ,bee-ma/]s mo/ly use small hives = que5-re>+1 consi/+ (1 say1 f\r combs4 ,by extract+ f a popul\s hive f\r su* frames ( combs 7) ! bees on !m71 & hav+ eggs 9 ! fir/ /age 7see page #i71 or bett] /ill a royal embryo1 ! bees w re> a que5 or que5s !refrom4 ,c>e w h to be ex]cis$ to ensure t !re is a suffici5t numb] ( bees to mature ! brood br\ght f ! hive4#ba ,footnote #ba3 ,^! weak little colonies %\ld h small entrances1 s z to be bett] able to def5d !mselves f ! attacks ( robb]-bees1 & !y w require to be assi/$ & /r5g!n$ by fe$+4 ,a colony ( ?is "* is te*nically call$ a nucleus4 ,su* op]ations z que5-re>+ %\ld only be attempt$ 9 w>m summ] wea!r1 & :5 drones are abundant4 ,a v great advantage t ! ,woodbury b> & frame hive af=ds1 is ! safety & conv5i5ce ) :i* a /ock ( bees c 9 x be transport$ to any "p ( ! k+dom3 by a few additional arrangem5ts1 /ocks h ev5 be5 s5t 9 x to di/ant c\ntries4 ,9 _m di/ricts hives are remov$ to moors1 & hea?s 9 autumn1 = ! purpose ( ga!r+ hea!r honey4 ,9 ?is op]ation1 ! frames are a great support to ! combs1 v mu* less5+ ! risk ( a break d[n & consequ5t loss4 ,f a hive t has be5 inhabit$ all ! w9t]1 we h n unfrequ5tly lift$ out ! frames & remov$ ! /ock to a clean hive2 & we believe t ! *ange has always be5 useful ,! bees f9d a clean floor-bo>d & a clean hive to bre$ 91 free f insects t may h h>b\r$ 9 crevices ab\t _! =m] abode4 ,:5 ! *ange has be5 made1 ! old hive c be ?or\ghly clean$ & us$ 9 ! same way = mak+ ! ex*ange ) ano!r /ock4 ,! process = h&l+ w1 ( c\rse1 be ! same z be=e describ$4 ,we h f\nd t1 :]e ?is plan has be5 c>ri$ out1 ! bees seem to progress fa/]4 ,p]haps a little /irr+ up may be useful 9 ar\s+ !m f _! w9t] doze4 ,! "t we recomm5d = do+ ?is is 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,april1 b a f9e w>m day %\ld be *os54 ,,driv+4 ,driv+ is an op]ation by :i* bees are induc$ to vacate an old settl$ hive & to ent] an empty "o4 ,_m api>ians pref] ?is mode ( effect+ an ex*ange ( hives to ! plan ( fumigat+ ! bees4 ,! greate/ success att5d+ su* a transf] w be 9 ! case ( hives well fill$ ) combs t are work$ ne>ly to ! floor-bo>d2 & x may be rem>k$1 t bees are g5]ally s f> provid5t1 t !y leave an op5 space 9 :i* to pass und]nea? _! combs ov] all ! floor ( ! hive4 ,:5 ! old hive is inv]t$1 ! bees crawl up ! combs1 & ?us m easily pass up into ! new hive1 :i* ! op]ator places ov] ! old "o1 ) ! int5t t !y %\ld ent] x4 ,! be/ "t = p]=m+ ?is op]ation is ab\t ! middle ( ! day1 & :5 ! wea!r is w>m4 ,x is ess5tial t ! op]ator be protect$ ) a bee-dress & gloves1 z be=e describ$2 & previ\s to comm5c+ 8 task1 he mu/ provide all necess>y implem5ts4 ,^! are3--a c\ple ( hives1 "o ( :i* %\ld correspond 9 %ape & size ) ! hive f :i* ! bees are to be driv52 a clo? to tie r\nd at ! junction :5 ! new hive is plac$ on ! old "o2 "s /r+ to keep ! clo? 9 its place2 an empty pail to receive ! top ( ! old hive1 if "o ( ! old conical %ape1 b if ! /ock ( bees is 9 a squ>e box-hive ) a flat top1 a firm /ool w be ! be/2 & a tube fumigator ) "s fungus1 :i* w complete ! mat]ial ( w>4 ,! bucket or /ool mu/ be plac$ securely on ! gr\nd1 ab\t a y>d f ! place :]e ! full hive /&s2 !n a few puffs ( smoke1 bl[n 9 among/ ! bees1 w cause !m to retreat up among/ ! combs4 ,! bee-ma/] mu/ n[ turn ! hive#bb upside d[n v g5tly2 lett+ x re/ 9 ! pail or on ! /ool2 he !n quickly places ! empty hive ov] ! full "o1 & ties ! clo? r\nd x1 to prev5t any escape ( ! bees4 ,if ! clo? be damp$1 x w cl+ ! clos] to ! hives4 ,! ?ird hive is int5d$ to be plac$ on ! /& =m]ly occupi$ by ! /ock1 s z to reta9 ! few return+ bees :i* _h be5 abs5t 9 ! fields4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t all crevices ?r\gh :i* x is possible = ! bees to escape f ! unit$ hives %\ld be effectually clos$4 ,:5 ! two are fairly unit$1 ! op]ator w proce$ by rapp+ ! full hive g5tly ) ! h&s or a c\ple ( /icks1 m p>ticul>ly on t side :]e ! combs are ! mo/ ?ickly plac$--t is1 if ! hive be n equally fill$4 ,a /ock is 9 ! be/ condition = driv+ tw5ty-"o days1 or !reab\ts1 aft] a fir/ sw>m has issu$2 ! brood w !n h hat*$ out1 ! bees w quit m readily1 & !re w be no loss ( l>v 9 ! cells4 ,footnote #bb3 ,c>e %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 turn+ ! hives ov] to keep ! combs v]tical1 or !y are likely to break f _! f\ndations4 ,x g5]ally happ5s t1 9 ab\t fifte5 m9utes1 ! bees regul>ly comm5ce ! asc5t2 _! exodus w be kn[n by ! di/9ct ru%+ s\nd :i* is always notic$ :5 a colony ( bees is on ! move4 ,! fir/ ?+ bees d :5 di/urb$ is to fill _! honey-bags1 z !y inv>iably d at sw>m+ "t2 consequ5tly1 aft] ! fir/ ru% into ! new hive is ov]1 z 9 ! case ( a sw>m1 ! flitt+ bees are n mu* dispos$ to take w+4 ,:5 ! noise made by ! asc5d+ bees has be5 he>d1 & has 9 a great degree subsid$1 ! clo? may be remov$1 & ! old hive1 n[ des]t$1 may be tak5 indoors2 & if a few bees yet rema91 !y may be bru%$ (f ) a fea!r4 ,an exp]i5c$ api>ian1 on fir/ he>+ ! ru%+ noise be=e m5tion$1 w n hesitate to tilt ! top hive ov] a little on "o side1 s t he may wat* ! bees dur+ ! asc5t2 ! que5 may be se5 pass+ up1 & if ! op]ator desires to take h] away1 he c secure h] by plac+ a w9e-glass ov] h]4 ,?is exp$i5t is (t5 resort$ to 9 ! autumn1 :5 /ocks are to be unit$1 = 9 su* a case ! removal ( ! que5 prev5ts "s fight+4 ,if ! tak+ ( ! honey be ! object ( ! bee-ma/]1 !n driv+ is manife/ly a bett] plan ?an resort+ to ! fumes ( sulphur = ! purpose2 = ! bees f :om ! /ore is tak5 c be jo9$ to /ocks t are weak 9 numb]s1 ) consid]able advantage to ! future prosp]ity ( ! api>y4 ,:5 ! remov$ bees are to be jo9$ to ano!r /ock1 ! op]ator w proce$ z foll[s3--,at dusk1 dislodge ! bees on to a clo?1 spr9kle !m ) sweet syrup1 & place ! hive to :i* x is int5d$ to jo9 !m ov] ! mass2 !y w gradually asc5d into ! hive plac$ = !m1 & e>ly next morn+ ! hive1 ) its sl5d] /ock ?us augm5t$1 may be remov$ to its /&4 ,%\ld ! op]ator n h be5 successful1 or n suffici5tly skilful to ga9 possession ( ! que51 he may leave x to ! bees !mselves to decide :i* que5 !y w h4 ,by ?is plan ( driv+1 artificial sw>ms may be secur$ by an exp]t ev5 9 common hives1 ?\gh ^? d n af=d ! facilities = su* a purpose z d ! b> or b>-&-frame hives4 ,,*ang+ ,,old ,,/ocks ,,to ,,new ,,hives4 ,we frequ5tly f9d t ! possessor ( a /ock ( bees 9 a cottag]'s common /raw hive is desir\s ( remov+ ! :ole /ock ( bees & comb into "o ( our improv$ hives1 9 :i* ! honey may be obta9$ )\t ! de/ruction ( ! bees4 ,we mo/ly disc\rage su* a transf]1 att5d$ z x is ) mu* lab\r1 & requir+ a consid]able am\nt ( api>ian skill4 ,an old-fa%ion$ hive may v readily be r5d]$ a humane "o1 simply by cutt+ out ) a %>p-po9t$ knife ! middle ( ! top ( ! hive2 a piece may ?us easily be tak5 out1 s z to leave a r\nd hole two or ?ree in*es 9 diamet]1 b c>e mu/ be tak5 t ! knife does n p5etrate mu* bel[ ! /raw1 le/ x rea* ! comb or ! bees--& x w be saf] = ! op]ator to h a bee-dress on4 ,!re %\ld be ready a r\nd adapt+-bo>d1 ) a correspond+ hole1 :i* may be secur$ on ! top by putt+ f\r long nails ?r\gh ! same numb] ( holes 9 ! bo>d2 !n a cap-hive or a glass may be plac$ on ! top1 = ! purpose ( admitt+ ! bees1 :o w soon cr[d !re9 to "w4 ,?is hive or glass w =m a sup] or depriv+-hive1 & c be work$ z pr(itably z mo/ ( ! improv$ hives4 ,= ! sake ( an improv$ appe>ance1 an outside case1 ei!r ( z9c1 /raw1 or wood1 may be dropp$ ov] all1 & !n1 if well pa9t$1 ! :ole w =m no disfigurem5t to any fl[]-g>d54 ,?is is1 beyond d\bt1 ! easie/ way ( ov]com+ ! difficulty1 b z x may n satisfy all1 we n[ proce$ to describe h[ a complete transf] may be made4 ,no hive (f]s su* facilities = ! correct plac+ ( ! combs 9 a p]fectly upright position z does ! b>-&-frame hive4 ,z be=e rem>k$1 we %\ld be sl[ to recomm5d any "o to attempt ! op]ation :o is n already pretty well accu/om$ to ! h&l+ ( bees & acqua9t$ ) _! habits2 b by c>efully c>ry+ out ! foll[+ directions any "o may successfully p]=m ! feat4 ,! fir/ ?+ is to get ! bees away f ! combs3 !re are two ways ( do+ ?is1--"o is by fumigation 7see page #ade71 ! o!r by driv+ 7see page #agi74 ,:i*ev] plan may be resort$ to1 h ! bees conf9$ 9 ! old hive on _! /& until y are q ready to admit !m into ! b>-&-frame hive4 ,h 9 read9ess all ! necess>y appliances4 ,^! consi/ ( a l>ge knife = cutt+ ! hive1 a good-siz$ table on :i* to lay ! brood-combs1 a bas9 ( wat]--= wa%+ (f honey :i* may besme> ! h&s1--tape or cotton /r+ to fa/5 ! combs 9 _! frames1 a pair ( honey-cutt]s = cutt+ out ! combs1 j>s to hold ! honey t runs out1 & a fea!r = bru%+ (f any bees t may rema94 ,x is necess>y t ! op]ator %\ld h on 8 bee-dress & india-rubb] gloves4 ,!n beg9 by slic+ (f a piece ( ! hive ) a %>p table-knife2 c>efully cut out ! work+ combs--cut !m l>ge1 s t !y w squeeze into ! frames2 &1 to be m secure1 w9d "s ( ! tape r\nd to keep !m 9 position until made fa/ by ! bees4 ,aft] a few days1 ^! fa/5+s may be remov$4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 t ! combs occupy1 ! same position 9 ! frames z 9 ! hive f :i* !y 7 extract$4 ,hav+ ?us prep>$ ! hive1 ! bees may be let into x1 9 ! mann] ,mr4 ,woodbury recomm5ds = a sw>m 7see page #aei74 ,x may be z well to keep !m conf9$ a few h\rs1 giv+ !m wat] at ! top1 until !y make ! combs secure2 ! new hive w !n be less likely to (f] an attraction to bees f o!r hives1 :o1 if feloni\sly incl9$1 might come to rob4 ,?is transf] %\ld be made :5 ! wea!r is su* t ! bees c fly ab\t3 :5 n w>m en\gh1 x %\ld be done 9 a room at a temp]ature ( ab\t #gj degrees4 ,an exp]t api>ian c\ld p]=m ! op]ation 9 less ?an ?ree qu>t]s ( an h\r1 & ) little loss4 ,a week or s aft] a sw>m has left ! old /ock is p]haps ! v be/ "t = su* a removal4 ,%\ld ! op]ation be p]=m$ 9 ! op5 air1 ! bees f surr\nd+ hives w be sure to come 9 great numb]s to obta9 a %>e ( ! honey necess>ily expos$1 = !y delight 9 plund]4 ,9 ord]1 !re=e1 to avoid annoyance to ! op]ator1 & ! excitem5t :i* is c]ta9 to be induc$ 9 surr\nd+ hives1 x is bett] to conduct ! dissection 9 "s build+ ) clos$ doors4 ,9 "s in/ances a r\t+ ( ?is k9d has a b5eficial effect2 old /ocks ( hives t h previ\sly appe>$ to be dw9dl+ are (t5 ar\s$ to activity by _! removal into a fre% domicile4 ,,weigh+ ,,hives1 c4 ,"o ( ! mo/ effectual modes ( asc]ta9+ ! condition ( a hive is by weigh+ x4 ,su* k is mo/ important at ! close ( ! ga!r+ season1 9 ord] t ! bee-keep] may det]m9e :e!r he ought to give 8 bees artificial food to enable !m to live ?r\gh ! dre>y w9t]4 ,a k ( ! num]ical /r5g? ( ! colony is also useful1 9 enabl+ ! bee-keep] to decide :i* hives w be b5efit$ by be+ jo9$ toge!r1 on ! plan expla9$ 9 ! articles on ,fumigation & ,driv+4 ,illu/ration ,a hive c v easily be weigh$1 if a ,salt]'s ,spr+ ,balance be susp5d$ ne> ! api>y4 ,! hive1 hav+ a /rap or cord pass$ "u & ov] x1 cross+ at "r angles on ! top1 may be hook$ on to ! balance1 s t ! weight w be indicat$ on ! dial4 ,! annex$ engrav+ repres5ts a tripod /&1 ) a weigh+-ma*9e ( ! above-nam$ con/ruction1 to :i* a hive ) a sup] is atta*$4 ,su* an arrangem5t w be f\nd conv5i5t = ^? bee-keep]s :o may n possess suitable %$s 9 _! g>d5s1 :]e a hive c\ld be ?us susp5d$ f a beam4 ,?is contrivance is bo? portable & simple1 & c be us$ f "t to "t2 or1 if ! api>ian desires to h ! hive con/antly susp5d$1 a wat]-pro( cov]+ might easily be made to drop ov]1 & adapt$ s z to admit ( be+ rais$ occasionally = asc]ta9+ ! weight %[n on ! dial4 ,to prev5t ! hive be+ sway$ to & fro by ! w9d1 ?ree cords 7ge> ropes7 might be atta*$ !refrom to ! ?ree legs ( ! /&4 ,! height ( su* a /& ne$ n exce$ f\r feet4 ,mu* int]e/ might be d]iv$ by wat*+ ! daily or h\rly increas+ /ore br\ght into a hive dur+ ! ga!r+ season4 ,mr4 ,george ,fox1 ( ,k+sbridge1 & ,mr4 ,s4 ,bevan ,fox1 ( ,exet]1 h = "s ye>s ea* kept "o /ock atta*$ to a ,salt]'s ,circul> ,spr+ ,balance1 susp5d$ f a beam "u a %$1 &1 f exp]i5ce1 f9d t f a hive s balanc$ a crit]ion may be =m$ ( :at o!r hives 9 ! api>y are do+ ?r\gh ! day4 ,_m +5i\s contrivances w1 no d\bt1 sugge/ !mselves to ! api>ian = susp5d+ hives 9 ?is mann]4 ,= in/ance1 in/ead ( ! cord be+ ti$ r\nd ! hive1 ?ree or f\r /rong irons1 ) a screw at "o end & a r+ at ! o!r 7kn[n by iron mong]s z eyes71 c\ld be screw$ into ! floor-bo>ds1 to :i* ! atta*m5ts might be made fa/4 ,x w sc>cely be necess>y to h9t t great c>e is necess>y t full provision %\ld be made securely to support ! increas+ weight2 a fall w\ld be mo/ ru9\s1 & t]ribly enrage ! bees4 ,! weight ( ! hive %\ld be m>k$ on x :5 empty1 s t ! exact am\nt ( its cont5ts may at any "t be asc]ta9$4 ,a colony ( bees at ,mi*aelmas ought to weigh f #bj to #bd lbs41 t is1 exclusive ( ! hive2 if fall+ %ort ( t weight1 ! hive %\ld be made up to x by ! artificial means be=e recomm5d$4 ,exp]i5c$ api>ians are able to judge ( ! weight ( a hive by lift+ x a few in*es f ! /&2 or by look+ 9 at ! w9d[s ( a /ock-hive1 a conclusive op9ion may be =m$ z to ! /ate ( ! colony4 ,if ! combs )9 view be well fill$ & seal$1 x w be safe to consid] t ! hive conta9s suffici5t /ores to c>ry ! bees ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,vi4 ,,miscellane\s ,,in=mation4 ,,/+s3 ,,_! ,,prev5tion ,,& ,,cure4 ,"s ( our read]s may deem u neglectful 9 hav+1 z x 71 left !m to /ruggle ?r\gh _! bee-keep+ novitiate )\t in=m+ !m h[ to avoid be+ /ung by _! docile b well-arm$ flock4 ,( c\rse1 hav+ describ$ ! bee-dress1 we h suppos$ t ! api>ian 0 clad1 if n 9 complete /eel1 at lea/ 9 ! head-ge> & gloves1 :i* w r5d] him invuln]able4 ,! be/ safegu>d f ! ang] ( bees--z1 inde$1 f ! malice ( m5--is a quiet & peaceable _s4 ,! api>ian w le>n to h&le 8 bees n only z if he lov$ !m1--z ! qua9t angl] says--b z if he fully believes t ! bees love him4 ,?is !y w d :5ev] he approa*es & treats !m g5tly4 ,!re are "s cases ( exception to ?is g5]ally peaceable disposition ( ! bee2 p]*ance a few bees are dyspeptic1 & refuse to be pacifi$1 let _! ma/] seek to bribe !m nev] s wisely4 ,!n1 too1 sometimes ! bee-ma/] himself may be dyspeptic1 :i* ! un]r+ olfactory s5se ( ! bees spe$ily detects1 & _! ang] is imm$iately ar\s$4 ,"s few p]sons1 ow+ to con/itutional peculi>ities 9 _! brea? or ins5sible p]spiration1 are objects ( con/ant animosity ) bees1 :o1 by driv+ !m f ! api>y1 are giv+ a physician's advice )\t *>ge = a fee4 ,"s ( ! *oice/ p]fumes us$ by ladies are (f5sive to bees2 & "o may feel v c]ta9 t ! f9e puss g5tleman1 :o disgu/$ ! brave ,hotspur ) 8 p\ncet-box & praise ( 'p>maceti = an inw>d bruise1 w\ld h be5 spe$ily driv5 f an api>y 9 ignom9i\s flight4 ,occasionally1 ev5 a skilful api>ian may inadv]t5tly cru% a s+le bee2 su* a mis*ance is detect$ by ! community ) mu* m facility ?an by any cr[n]'s que/1 & _! prompt v]dict decrees ! summ>y puni%m5t ( ! (f5d]4 ,!re w\ld be mu* less fe> ( /+s if x 7 always rememb]$ t bees are nev] aggressive4 ,def5ce1 n defiance1 is _! motto4 ,!y sc>cely ev] attempt to /+ :5 away f ! hive1 & v seldom inde$ at ! "t ( sw>m+1 = !n !y are gorg$ ) honey4 ,:5 mole/$ by angry bees1 d n attempt to beat !m (f2 ! safe/ & be/ retreat is a gre5 bu%4 ,?ru/ y\r head into ?is1 or if no su* refuge be ne>1 9 an em]g5cy1 ?r[ y\rself on ! gr\nd1 &1 ) face d[nw>ds1 ! bees w soon leave y4 ,yet "s p appe> to ?9k !y mu/ inevitably be /ung if !y m$dle ) bees & = _! sakes x is ne$ful to expla9 :y x is t a /+ is pa9ful1 & h[ ! w\nd inflict$ by ! bee may be cur$4 ,^? famili> ) ! usual microscopic objects w "k h[ m>vell\sly delicate1 & yet effective1 is ! me*anical /ructure ( a bee's /+4 7,see page #df47 ,?is weapon1 z we see x ) our nak$ eye--f9] ?an a ne$le's po9t--is only ! %ea?1 :i* l5g!ns or contracts l ! tubes ( a telescope4 ,! d>t1 z be=e said1 is b>b$ on ea* side1 s t ! bee1 :5 v angry1 is sc>cely ev] able to )draw x1 b ,deems life itself to v5geance well resign$2 ,dies on ! w\nd1 & leaves ! /+ beh9d4 ,!re are1 inde$1 "s happy mortals ^: blood su* an ev5 t5\r keeps1 t a bee-/+ is to !m simply a puncture1 & no?+ m4 ,dr4 ,bevan has sugge/$ t lov]s %\ld subject !mselves to ! ordeal ( a bee-/+1 9 ord] to prove1 we suppose1 t _! temp] is pro( aga9/ ! /+s & arr[s ( any outrage\s =tune t matrimony c br+4 ,x is ! homoeopa?ically m9ute t9cture ( poison inject$ by ! bee :i* causes inflammation4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d is1 to remove ! /+1 :i*1 ev5 :5 deta*$ f ! bee1 w cont9ue to p5etrate /ill fur!r into ! w\nd4 ,next1 press ! holl[ po9t ( a wat*-key exactly ov] ! place /ung2 ?is w express a consid]able portion ( ! virus4 ,!n dip ! h&1 or ba! ! "p ) cold or tepid wat]1 = ! poison is volatile1 & w !reby be dissipat$ to a great ext5t4 ,on no acc\nt :atev] %\ld ! "p affect$ be rubb$2 to d t w diffuse ! poison & increase ! inflammation4 ,! specific rem$y = a bee-/+ is taught u by *emi/ry3 ! v5om is an acid :i* an alkali w imm$iately neutralize :5 br\ght into contact ) x4 ,spirits ( h>t%orn w g5]ally be f\nd effectual = ! purpose1 & %\ld always be kept 9 an api>y4 ,!re are also sev]al o!r rem$ies m or less effectual1 accord+ to ! special con/itution ( ! pati5t4 ,a /rong infusion ( tobacco-wat] appli$ to ! w\nd aft] ! /+ has be5 extract$ is a specific = _m p]sons2 o!rs f9d relief f ! application ( a slic$ onion4 ,we h he>d ! rem>k f sev]al :o h kept bees = ye>s1 t ! poison f a /+ has little or no effect on !m2 aft] receiv+ _m inflictions1 _! fle% appe>s to become s little affect$1 t ! swell+ & pa9 at "o "t exp]i5c$ no long] tr\ble !m4 ,,poll51 ,,or ,,food ,,= ,,infant-,,bees4 ,bees1 :5 fully gr[n1 fe$ almo/ :olly on honey2 b ! l>vae require = _! developm5t a m sub/antial k9d ( n\ri%m5t4 ,su* solid f>e is f\nd by ! bees 9 ! poll5 ( fl[]s1 a f>9a :i* conta9s "s ( ^? nitrog5\s elem5ts 9 :i* honey is defici5t4 ,! body ( a work]-bee is cov]$ ) hairs1 to :i* ! poll5 adh]es :51 by contact ) ! bee1 x is rubb$ f ! an!rs & /am5s ( fl[]s 7see page #da74 ,dewy morn+s or humid b[]s suit ! bees = ! ga!r+ ( ! poll54 ,if ! atmosph]e be too dry = knead+ x into pellets1 !y roll !mselves 9 ! blossoms & tru/ to ! good (fices ( ! bees at home1 :o1 on _! return1 bru% (f ! f>9a into ! cells int5d$ = x4 ,a portion ( ?is bee-bread is tak5 at once by ! nurs+ bees1 :o are suppos$ to subject x to "s *ange be=e (f]+ x to ! l>v2 b ! great] "p ( ! poll5 is /or$ away & seal$ ov] 9 ! cells = future use4 ,9 ,april & ,may1 ! bees are frequ5tly busy all ! day 9 ga!r+ poll51 & (t5 "o community ( bees w collect ab\t tw5ty p\nds weight ( bee-bread 9 "o season4 ,"o ( ! objects ( ! api>ian is to assi/ ! bees 9 provid+ = ! nursl+s ( ! hive4 ,a ,g]man pa/or1 ,h]r ,dzi]zon1 fir/ sugge/$ ! plan ( provid+ ! bees ) unbolt$ rye meal1 z a sub/itute = ! f>9a ( fl[]s4 ,he _h obs]v$ t1 9 e>ly spr+1 be=e ! fl[]s 7 op51 8 bees _h ent]$ a neighb\r+ corn mill1 f :5ce !y return$ lad5 ) rye fl\r4 ,s9ce 8 discov]y1 "s keep]s1 9 e>ly spr+1 place ei!r rye or :eat meal ne> ! api>ies2 to ?is artificial /ore ! bees repair by ?\s&s1 & seem to rollick 9 ! enjoym5t ( su* pl5ty1 _m ( !m return+ to ! hive z du/y z mill]s4 ,! object 9 ?us supply+ !m is1 t ! brood may be rapidly br\ght =w>d1 & e>ly sw>m+ induc$4 ,9 ?is way1 a few p\nds ( rye meal1 at "o p5ny p] p\nd1 may t5d to ! production ( v _m p\nds ( honey ( twelve times ! price4 ,9 ga!r+ poll5 f fl[]s1 bees are do+ m ?an m]ely provid+ = _! own community4 ,:il/ humm+ ?r\gh our g>d5s !y are assi/+ to propagate our fl[]s1 & _! m]ry buzz 9 our or*>ds indicates t ! blossoms ( spr+ w 9 autumn fulfil _! promise by abundance ( fruit4 ,9 ,mr4 ,d>w9's rem>kable "w1 ,! ,f]tilization ( ,or*ids1 ! my/]y ( ! fructification ( fl[]s is sci5tifically expla9$2 b be=e ! subject 0 s fully und]/ood1 x 0 q believ$ t bees1 9 pass+ f fl[] to fl[]1 p]=m$ "s important s]vice4 ,own]s ( fruit-trees h notic$1 9 a season g5]ally unfav\rable = ! or*>d1 t if dur+ only "o f9e =5oon ! bees _h spread freely among/ ! blossoms ( a p>ticul> tree1 x w\ld prove m fruitful ?an its fell[s4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 ! or*>d is a good place = an api>y1 = x seems t1 m abundant ! honey1 m pl5tiful w be ! fruit4 ,bees be> ! fructify+ matt] f "o sex ( fl[]s to ! o!r1 b !y conf9e _! att5tion to "o k9d ( fl[] dur+ ea* excursion2 & ! c>eful obs]v] may see h[ ! col\r ( ! poll5 on ! bodies ( ! bees w v>y f yell[ to r$ & br[n1 accord+ to ! k9d ( fl[]s f :i* x has be5 ga!r$4 ,! ga!r+ ( poll51 its use by ! nurs+ bees1 & ! /or+ ( x 9 ! cells1 af=d to ! bee-keep] opportunity = obs]vations ( exce$+ int]e/4 ,,propolis1 ,,or ,,bees' ,,cem5t4 ,! old notion t wax is ga!r$ by bees f fl[]s1 z !y ga!r honey1 has long s9ce be5 set aside by ! discov]ies ( ,hornbo/el & ,hub]4 ,wax is an oily sub/ance1 z describ$ at page #de2 b !re is a res9\s sub/ance1 v t5aci\s & semi-transp>5t1 :i* is indisp5sable = ! bees z a cem5t :]e) to fix _! combs & =tify _! hives aga9/ intrud]s1 & ?is is propolis4 ,! bees1 9 work+ ! propolis1 (t5 s(t5 x by bl5d+ x ) a portion ( wax2 b !y h to extract x 9 its natural /ate directly f ! b>k & buds ( c]ta9 trees4 ,! b>k ( ! will[1 ! leaf-buds ( ! popl> & ald]1 & ! unop5$ blossoms ( ! hollyhock are v usual s\rces ( propolis4 ,9 ! case ( a new sw>m1 z bees mu/ h ?is glue be=e !y c beg9 to build _! combs1 !y w resort to mo/ unlikely places to obta9 x4 ,sometimes !y w ent] a pa9t %op & attack ! v>ni%1 & x is said !y h be5 se5 to obta9 propolis f ! pit* & rigg+ ( a %ip4 ,^! circum/ances af=d intelligible h9ts to ! api>ian1 :o1 if 8 bees h n easy access to firs1 popl>s1 or will[s1 w provide "s glut9\s or res9\s matt] :i* may s]ve = a sub/itute4 ,! extraction ( propolis co/s ! bees v consid]able lab\r1 :i* !y %\ld be reliev$ ( z mu* z possible1 9 ord] to facilitate _! great "w ( honey ga!r+4 ,bees *oose ! w>m] "p ( ! day dur+ :i* to ga!r propolis1 z !n x does n s rapidly /iff51 frequ5tly1 :5 !y arrive at ! hive1 x has become s h>d t ! o!r bees are sc>cely able to gnaw x f _! ?ighs4 ,) propolis bees fa/5 d[n _! hives1 /op up crevices to exclude mo?s & ants1 & sometimes use x to n>r[ ! entrance ( _! hives aga9/ ! invasion ( wasps4 ,extraord9>y anecdotes are told ( ! prompt & +5i\s use !y make ( ?is sub/ance4 ,reaumur relates1 t a snail hav+ be5 obs]v$ by ! bees oh ! w9d[ ( ! hive1 !y proce$$ to glue ! %ell to ! glass1 & !re seal$ d[n ! intrud] 9 hopeless durance4 ,9 ano!r case1 t ( a slug1 or snail )\t a %ell1 ! bees1 hav+ sla9 x ) _! /+s1 7 q unable to remove x f ! hive4 ,) wond]ful =esight1 !y !n proce$$ to secure _! community f ! noxi\s effects likely to arise f ! decay ( ! c>case2 & ?is !y did by completely envelop+ x ) a coat+ ( imp]vi\s v>ni%4 ,hui% relates a simil> occurr5ce 9 ! case ( a m\se caught 9 a hive by bees4 ,propolis yields b5zoic acid1 & conta9s "s aromatic prop]ties4 ,,pa/urage ,,= ,,bees4 ,bees "w = man2 & yet !y nev] bruise ,_! ma/]'s fl[]1 b leave x1 hav+ done4 ,z fair z ev]1 & z fit = use4 ,api>ians g5]ally agree 9 ! op9ion t v little c be done 9 ! way ( provid+ any special =age = bees4 ,yet bee-fanci]s are always int]e/$ 9 obs]v+ :i* are ! fl[]s t ! bees pref]2 & !re are c]ta9 well-e/abli%$ conclusions z to ! k9d ( di/rict & seasons :i* are ! likelie/ to produce a good honey-h>ve/4 ,!re is an old say+1 t a c\ntry :i* produces ! f9e/ wool also yields ! be/ honey2 & a pa/oral di/rict is decid$ly bett] ?an "o "u tillage4 ,! pr9ciple ( ! matt] is1 t ! bees are be/ suit$ ) a long dry-season--an e>ly spr+1 a hot summ]1 & a late autumn4 ,z n "o ( ^! bless+s c be comm&$ by ! api>ian1 8 art mu/ be appli$ to provide "s mitigation ( ! injury suff]$ by ! bees :5 ! season is %ort or wet4 ,= e>ly spr+1 ! crocus1 ! blue hepatica1 & ! violet all af=d good supplies ( poll5 & honey1 &1 if cultivat$ ne> ! api>y1 w be ( great s]vice :5 ! wild fl[]s are backw>d4 ,all v>ieties ( ! will[ & popl> furni% e>ly supplies1 ( honey1 z well z ( ! propolis ( :i* we h spok52 ! blossoms ( ! gooseb]ry & currant are v useful = ! bees 9 ,may4 ,wet1 :5 x ent]s fl[]s ( any k9d1 prev5ts ! tongue ( ! bee f rea*+ ! secret s\rce ( honey4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 x is well to "k1 z does ! bee1 t ! droop+ blossoms ( ! raspb]ry escape ! effect ( ! %[]s1 & honey is ga!r$ f !m :5 o!r fl[]s are dr5*$ )9 z well z )\t4 ,= a simil> reason1 borage 7,borago (fic9alis7 is valuable = bees2 & also because t plant cont9ues to fl[] until ! fro/s set 94 ,! honey bo? f raspb]ry blossoms & borage is v sup]ior4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? says1 t ! precipit\s & rocky l&s ( ,new ,engl&1 :i* ab\nd ) ! wild r$ raspb]ry1 might be made almo/ z valuable z "s ( ! v9e-clad t]races ( ! m\nta9 di/ricts ( ,europe4 ,! gold5 rod & also a/]s af=d sup]ior honey = autumn ga!r+4 ,dzi]zon /rongly recomm5ds buck-:eat be+ s[n 9 ! w9t] /ubbles on behalf ( ! bees1 & he tries h>d to p]suade f>m]s t x is to _! int]e/ to cultivate x4 ,x %\ld be nam$ t all ! ord9>y fruit blossoms1 especially ^? ( ! apple1 supply abundant /ore = bees4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 to wild or field fl[]s t ! bee-ma/] mu/ *iefly look = ! raw mat]ial on :i* 8 myriad artisans %all ex]t _! skill4 ,! :ite clov] ( ! pa/ure#bc--! wild ?yme on ! hill--! hea!r on ! moors--! furze & ! broom on ! s&y wa/e--(f] exhau/less /ores = a great] numb] ( bees ?an c ev] be locat$ ne> !m4 ,lime-trees1 :5 9 blossom1 & mignonette are also' mo/ valuable res\rces4 ,!re are also two or ?ree peculi> s\rces ( honey :i* "o w\ld n h suspect$1 z1 = in/ance1 ! blossoms ( ! onion plant1 ( turnips1 &1 9 /ill great] degree1 ! fl[] ( ! mu/>d plant4 ,footnote #bc3 ,x is a good practice to induce ! own]s ( adjac5t fields to s[ clov]-se$4 ,9 ^? di/ricts ( ,engl& :]e mu/>d se$ is cultivat$ s ext5sively1 x w\ld be well wor? :ile = ! f>m]s to keep l>ge colonies ( bees4 ,ano!r1 b a v unc]ta91 s\rce ( honey is ! honeydew1 :i*1 9 "s seasons1 appe>s 9 l>ge quantities on ! leaves ( ! oak1 ! lime1 & "s o!r trees4 ,x is important to m5tion t bees1 9 ! pr9cipal bre$+ season1 require a pl5tiful supply ( wat]4 ,ow+ ei!r to _! c>elessness or eag]ness1 !y are frequ5tly dr[n$ :5 dr9k+ f any l>ge quantity ( wat]2 ! bee-keep] %\ld1 !re=e1 place ne> ! hives %all[ vessels ( wat] conta9+ pebbles1 on :i* ! bees may alight to take frequ5t b temp]ate draughts4 ,,! ,,ligurian ,,or ,,italian ,,alp ,,bee4 ,a new1 or r a re-discov]$1 v>iety ( bee has rec5tly be5 br\ght into practical use among/ api>ians 9 ,g]many & ,am]ica1 z well z 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! ord9>y bee is ! ,apis mellifica ( naturali/s2 ! new k9d is ! ,apis ligu/ica4 ,x 0 also nam$ ! ,ligurian ,bee by ! ,m>quis de ,sp9ola1 :o f\nd x 9 ,pi$mont 9 #ahje2 & he consid]$ x to be ! pr9cipal species kn[n to ! ,greeks1 :o speak ( ! be/ k9d ( bee z be+ ( a r$ col\r4 ,lead+ api>ians agree 9 pron\nc+ ^! bees to be ju/ly entitl$ to ! high "* giv5 !m4 7,see col\r$ engrav+1 ,plate ,i41 figs1 #a1 #b1 #c47 ,_! special advantages are--great] fecundity ( ! que5s1 less irascibility1 & a m h&some appe>ance1 =1 be+ ( a gold5 col\r1 !y are pretti] ?an our black bees4 ,t5nyson mo/ probably ref]s to ^! ,ligurian bees 9 ! foll[+ /anza ( 8 beautiful poem ,eleanore3-- ,or ! yell[ b&$ bees1 ,?r\gh half-op5 lattices1 ,com+ 9 ! sc5t$ breeze1 ,f$ !e1 a *ild1 ly+ alone1 ,) :ite/ honey 9 fairy g>d5s cull$3 ,a glori\s *ild1 dream+ alone ,9 silk s(t folds1 ^u yield+ d[n1 ,) ! hum ( sw>m+ bees ,into dreamful slumb]s lull$4 ,our own exp]i5ce ) ! ,italian ,alp bee enables u to corroborate ! /atem5ts :i* h be5 made 9 fav\r ( ?is new v>iety4 ,we f9d ! que5s m prolific ?an ^? ( ! common k9d1 & ! quantity ( honey produc$ is great]4 ,^! two facts /& z cause & effect3 ! bees be+ multipli$ m quickly1 ! /ore ( honey is accumulat$ m rapidly1 & ! ,italian bees consume1 if any?+1 less food ?an ! common1 k9d4 ,:5 ( pure ,italian blood1 ^! bees are1 by "s api>ians1 ?\ght to be h>di] ?an our own4 ,t !y =age = /ores ) great] eag]ness1 & h little hesitation 9 pay+ visits to o!r hives1 we c te/ify f our own obs]vation4 ,! foll[+ anecdote w illu/rate _! intrusive prop5sities3--,ano!r bee-keep] liv+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( our api>y1 :5 inspect+ our hives1 obs]v$ ! yell[ bees3 he exclaim$1 ,n[1 ,i h f\nd out :]e ^? /range-look+ bees come f2 =1 said he1 ^! yell[-jackets are incessant visitors to my hives4 ,i ?\ght !y 7 a species ( wasp t _h come to rob1 & until n[ ,i h be5 unable to acc\nt = _! appe>ance at ! entrance ( my hive1 s t ,i h kill$ !m by hundr$s4 ,?is 0 n at all pleas+ intellig5ce = u1 & we tru/ t our neighb\r has be5 m l5i5t to ! yell[-jackets s9ce 8 visit1 = su* summ>y capital puni%m5t 0 :olly unm]it$1 because1 :5 a bee is peaceably receiv$ 7see page #abg71 x becomes naturaliz$1 & works side by side ) ! o!rs 9 its fre% abode4 ,we are incl9$ to believe t m visit+ takes place among/ bees ( diff]5t hives ?an bee-keep]s h be5 accu/om$ to suppose3 :]e ! ,italian & black bees are kept ne> ea* o!r1 ! =eign]s be+ conspicu\s by _! light] col\r1 !re is less difficulty 9 id5tify+ !m :5 at ! entrance ( o!r hives4 ,9 ! season ( #ahfd1 we _h m honey f a ,ligurian /ock ?an f any "o ( our colonies ( black bees4 ,f ?is ,ligurian hive we h tak5 a glass sup] conta9+ #dj lbs4 nett ( honey1 besides hav+ drawn f x an artificial sw>m2 &1 aft] all1 x rema9s ! /ronge/ hive 9 our api>y4 ,! ,b>on ,von ,b]leps* & ,pa/or ,dzi]zon1 :o are probably ! two mo/ intellig5t & skilful bee-keep]s ( ,g]many1 aw>d to ! ,italian a v decid$ pref]5ce ov] ! common bees4 ,! ,b>on says t he has f\nd3--#a4 ,t ! ,italian bees are less s5sitive to cold ?an ! common k9d4 #b4 ,t _! que5s are m prolific4 #c4 ,t ! colonies sw>m e>li] & m frequ5tly4 #d4 ,t !y are less apt to /+1 #e4 ,!y are m indu/ri\s4 #f4 ,t !y are m dispos$ to rob ?an common bees1 & m c\rage\s & active 9 self-def5ce4 ,!y /rive1 :5ev] opportunity (f]s1 to =ce _! way into colonies ( common bees2 b :5 /range bees attack _! hives1 !y fight ) great fi]c5ess & ) incr$ible adroitness4 ,x is said t ! ,italian bee c extract honey f "s fl[]s :i* ! common bee is unable to p5etrate4 ,= in/ance1 ! blossom tubes ( ! r$ clov] be+ too deep = ! probosces ( ! common bees1 t fl[] is useless to !m1 al?\gh s pl5tiful2 b1 says ,mr4 ,lang/ro?1 ! ,am]ican api>ian1 ! ,italian bee visits ! r$ clov] assidu\sly1 & draws l>ge quantities ( honey f x4#bd ,footnote #bd3 ,?is op9ion is n held by ! close/ obs]v] ( ,italian bees 9 ,engl&4 ,! introduction ( ?is new v>iety ( bee into ,engl& 0 ?r\gh our ag5cy4 ,m4 ,h]mann1 a bee-cultivator at ,tam9s-by-,*ur1 ,canton ,grison1 ,switz]l&1 wrote to u on ! #e? ,july1 #ahei1 (f]+ to supply u ) ,italian ,alp que5-bees4 ,?is lett]1 or an extract f x1 appe>$ 9 ! curr5t numb] ( ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture 7!n call$ ! ,cottage ,g>d5]71 a p]iodical t regul>ly op5s its columns to api>ian subjects4 ,prior to ?is ! ,italian ,alp1 or1 z x has be5 nam$1 ! ,ligurian bee1 0 unkn[n 9 ?is c\ntry1 except to a few naturali/s4 ,! lett] ref]r$ to attract$ ! att5tion ( t intellig5t api>ian1 ,t4 ,w4 ,woodbury1 ,esq41 n[ s well kn[n z ! ,devon%ire ,bee-,keep]4 ,on ! #ai? ( ,july1 t is1 a =tnight aft] ,m4 ,h]mann's (f]1 we receiv$ a consignm5t ( ,italian ,alp bees1--! fir/ import$ into ,engl&4 ,) ^! ,mr4 ,woodbury also receiv$ "o que5-bee & a few work]s1 :i* he introduc$ into a hive ( ,engli% bees f :i* ! que5 _h be5 tak54 ,8 ef=ts 7 v successful1 & ! spr+ ( #ahfj f\nd him 9 possession ( f\r ,ligurianiz$ /ocks4 ,8 subsequ5t exp]i5ce ) ! ,italian ,alp bee he has fully describ$ 9 a communication to ! ,ba? & ,we/ ( ,engl& ,agricultural ,j\rnal4 ,subsequ5tly1 ,m4 ,h]mann s5t u a copy ( 8 pamphlet1 entitl$ ,! ,italian ,alp ,bee2 or1 ! ,gold-,m9e ( ,husb&ry1 ) ! reque/ t we %\ld h x translat$ f ! ,g]man1 & t copies ( x %\ld be pr9t$ 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,! pamphlet 0 spe$ily publi%$ by u1 & al?\gh s+ul> z a lit]>y production1 x may be useful = ! advanc$ api>ian4 ,c]ta9ly ! bees are p>tially ( an orange or gold5 col\r1 & if "o c\ld believe ! gold5 anticipations indulg$ 9 by ,m4 ,h]mann respect+ !m1 x w\ld be suffici5t to id5tify ! ,italian ,alp bee z ! species describ$ by ,hood 9 ,miss ,kilmansegg2--^? :i* dwelt 9 ,a gold5 hive1 on a gold5 bank1 ,:]e gold5 bees1 by al*emical prank1 ,ga!r gold in/ead ( honey4 ,if we are correctly in=m$1 poor ,h]mann himself has n yet greatly pr(it$ by ! discov]y ( ! m9e4 ,he appe>s to h quitt$ ,switz]l&1 & travell$ to ,am]ica1 z1 by ! late/ acc\nts1 we le>n t he is n[ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,philadelphia1 prosecut+ 8 fav\rite call+ ) 8 accu/om$ ard\r1 among ! api>ies ( amateur bee-keep]s4 ,we are glad t ,m4 ,h]mann is ?us engag$1 = report _h rea*$ u t he 0 dead--a report to :i* we gave curr5cy 9 our fir/ edition4 ,9 ! pamphlet ref]r$ to1 ,m4 ,h]mann gives ! foll[+ description ( :at he insi/s on designat+ z ,apis ,helvetica3--,! yell[ ,italian ,alp bee is a m\nta9 insect2 x is f\nd betwe5 two m\nta9 *a9s to ! "r & left ( ,lomb>dy & ! ,rhetian ,alps1 & comprises ! :ole t]ritory ( ,tess9s1 ,veltl91 & ,s\?-,graubund54 ,x ?rives up to ! height ( #d1ejj feet above ! level ( ! sea1 & appe>s to pref] ! nor!rn clime to ! w>m]1 = 9 ! s\? ( ,italy x is n f\nd4 ,! ,alps are _! native c\ntry1 !re=e !y are call$ ,yell[ ,alp-bees1 or tame h\se-bees1 9 contradi/9ction to ! black4 ,european bees1 :om we might call common =e/ bees1 & :o1 on ! slighte/ t\*1 fly l lightn+ into y\r face4 787 ,z all good & noble ?+s 9 ! _w are m sc>ce ?an common ones1 s !re are m common black bees ?an ( ! noble yell[ race1 :i* latt] inhabit only a v small piece ( c\ntry1 :ile ! black ones are at home ev]y:]e 9 ,europe1 & ev5 9 ,am]ica4 ,not)/&+ ! emigration ( ,m4 ,h]mann f 8 native l&1 we %all 9 future be able to supply all bee-keep]s :o may wi% to possess /ocks ( ! g5u9e yell[ ,alp9e bees4 ,! ,italian v>ies b little f ! common bees 9 its physical *>act]i/ics4 ,! diff]5ce 9 appe>ance consi/s 9 ! fir/ r+s ( ! abdom51 except ! po/]ior edge1 & ! base ( ! ?ird1 be+ ( an orange col\r in/ead ( a deep br[n4 ,^! orange-col\r$ p>ts are transp>5t :5 closely exam9$ ) ! sun %9+ on !m4 ,! ,italian bees are m active ?an common bees :5 on ! w+4 ,dur+ ! summ]s ( #ahei & #ahfj we _h ov] f ! ,cont95t a great numb] ( ,ligurian que5s2 ^! 7 s5t to all p>ts ( ! k+dom4 ,we regret to say t b few 7 successfully unit$ to ,engli% /ocks4 ,x requires a consid]able am\nt ( api>ian skill to accompli% ! union1#be s t we f9d by exp]i5ce x is be/ to s5d out complete ,ligurian /ocks4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly desirable n[ t ! pack+ ( :ole hives is s easily accompli%$ by u ) ! aid ( b>s & frames4 ,we h s5t a great numb] ( /ocks to all p>ts by rail4 ,footnote #be3 ,! plan ( unit+ an ,italian que5 to an ,engli% /ock is1 fir/1 to discov] ! que5 by lift+ out ! frames1 !n take h] away4 ,?is1 we f9d1 is be/ done by putt+ a w9e-glass ov] h] :il/ on ! comb1 &1 ) a c>d a little l>g] ?an ! diamet] ( ! glass1 v c>efully & g5tly pass$ und]nea?1 s z n to injure h] maje/y1 %e is ?us1 ) a few ( h] subjects1 made a prison]1 & easily remov$4 ,be c>eful to cut away ) a p5knife all que5-cells4 ,let ! hive rema9 que5less = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & !n place ! ,italian que5 9 a small wire cage1 ! op5+s ( :i* mu/ be l>ge en\gh to enable h] to receive ! att5tions (1 & to communicate )1 h] new subjects1 &1 at ! same "t1 to def5d h] f ! animosity ) :i* bees reg>d a /rang]-que51 t has a sc5t diff]5t f t ( h] new home4 ,?ree or f\r days' int]c\rse ?r\gh ! wire me%es g5]ally has a reconcil+ effect1 & ! ,italian que5 may be let g free to become ! mon>* ( ! hive4 ,sometimes1 ev5 ) all ?is precaution1 ! =eign] is sla91 s t x is well to pres]ve ! black que5 alive 7) a few ( h] own subjects71 by fe$+ & keep+ h] w>m until ! result is kn[n4 ,! wire cage conta9+ ! new que5 is made ( a flat %ape1 s z to be press$ d[n betwe5 ! combs1 aga9/ "s honey-cells1 9 ord] t1 %\ld ! inhabitants ( ! hive be inatt5tive1 h] maje/y ne$ n />ve1 b h food )9 rea*4 ,z x is g5]ally consid]$ t ! que5 is f$ by work+ bees1 x is always necess>y to put ab\t half a doz5 ( h] own subjects 9 ! cage ) h]1 to pay h] ! requisite att5tion4 ,mr4 ,woodbury1 ow+ to 8 k & skill 9 bee-keep+1 0 em95tly successful 9 propagat+ ! ,ligurian bees fir/ import$ into ?is c\ntry2 & we w\ld recomm5d all :o may be int]e/$ 9 ! subject to p]use ! int]e/+ articles writt5 by him 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture4 ,he has %[n great pati5ce & en]gy by 8 lab\rs 9 ! re>+ ( que5s & ! multiplication ( /ocks1 = :i* he m]its all praise4 ,we n[ add to ! te/imonies already cit$ t ( ,mr4 ,woodbury1 z to ! sup]ior qualities ( ,ligurian bees4 ,! foll[+ is extract$ f ! pap] contribut$ by him to ! ,ba? & ,we/ ( ,engl& ,agricultural ,j\rnal3--,f my /ronge/ ,ligurian /ock ,i took eight artificial sw>ms 9 ! spr+1 besides depriv+ x ( num]\s brood-combs4 ,f9d+1 9 ,june1 t ! bees 7 collect+ honey s fa/ t ! que5 c\ld n f9d an empty cell 9 :i* to lay an egg1 ,i 0 reluctantly compell$ to put on a sup]4 ,:5 ?is _h be5 fill$ ) #ch lbs4 ( ! f9e/ honeycomb1#bf ,i remov$ x1 & z ! /ock-hive 7a v l>ge "o7 c\ld n conta9 ! multitude ( bees :i* issu$ f x1 ,i =m$ !m into ano!r v l>ge artificial sw>m4 ,! =ego+ facts speak = !mselves2 b z in=mation on ?is po9t has be5 v g5]ally ask$1 ,i h no hesitation 9 say+ t ,i believe ! ,ligurian honey-bee inf9itely sup]ior 9 e respect to ! only species t we h hi!rto be5 acqua9t$ )4 ,footnote #bf3 ,?is sup] 0 exhibit$ at our /& 9 ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb4 ,9 a private lett] receiv$ f ,mr4 ,lang/ro?1 he in=ms u t he has1 9 ! season ( #ahfe1 br$ ov] #cjj ,ligurian que5s2 ^! he has dissem9at$ to v>i\s bee-ma/]s on ! ,am]ican cont95t1 & ! unit$ op9ion ( api>ians 9 t c\ntry is increas+ly 9 fav\r ( ! decid$ advantage ( ! cultivation ( ! ,italian bee4 ,aft] su* emphatic te/imony z ?is1 corroborat$1 z x is1 by _m o!r obs]v]s1 !re seems e reason to expect t ! ,ligurian bee w gradually sup]s$e ! common k9d ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,k+dom4 ,! honey-bee ( ! ,holy ,l& is ! ,ligurian4 ,! ,rev4 ,h4 ,b4 ,tri/ram1 ,m4,a41 9 8 valuable book1 ,! ,l& ( ,israel1 has ! foll[+ int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! bees 9 t c\ntry3--,9 ,pale/9e bee-keep+ is n an unimportant item ( indu/ry1 & e h\se possesses a pile ( bee-hives 9 its y>d4 ,?\gh simil> 9 its habits1 ! hive-bee ( ,pale/9e is a diff]5t species to our own4 ,we nev]1 he says1 f\nd ,apis mellifica1 ,l41 our dome/ic species1 9 ! c\ntry1 ?\gh x v possibly occurs 9 ! nor?2 b ! common ,holy ,l& insect1 ,apis ligu/ica1 is amaz+ly abundant2 bo? 9 hives1 9 rocks1 & 9 old holl[1 trees4 ,x is small] 8 ?an our bees1 ) bright] yell[1 b&s3 on ! ?orax & abdom51 :i*1 is r wasp-l 9 %ape1 & ) v long ant5n4 ,9 its habits1 & especially 9 ! imm5se population ( neut]s 9 ea* community1 & 9 ! drones ca/ =? 9 autumn1 x resembles ! o!r species4 ,its /+1 also1 is q z %>p4 ,! hives are v simple1 consi/+ ( l>ge tubes ( sun-dri$ mud1 l gas-pipes1 ab\t f\r feet long1 & clos$ ) mud at ea* end1 leav+ only an ap]ture 9 ! c5tre1 l>ge en\gh = two or ?ree bees to1 pass at a "t4 ,! insects appe> to frequ5t bo? doors equally4 ,! tubes are laid 9 r[s horizontally1 & pil$ 9 a pyramid4 ,i c\nt$ "o ( ^! colonies1 consi/+ ( sev5ty-eight tubes1 ea* a di/9ct hive4 ,coolness be+ ! great object1 ! :ole is ?ickly pla/]$ ov] ) mud1 & cov]$ ) b\ghs1 :ile a bran* is /uck 9 ! gr\nd at ea* end1 to assi/ ! bees 9 alight+4 ,at fir/ we took ^! s+ul> /ructures = ov5s or h5-h\ses4 ,! b>b>\s practice ( de/roy+ ! sw>ms = _! honey is unkn[n4 ,:5 ! hives are fully1 ! clay is remov$ f ! ends ( ! pipes1 & ! honey extract$ ) an iron hook2 ^? pieces ( comb :i* conta9 "y bees be+ c>efully replac$1 & ! hives !n clos$ up aga94 ,ev]y:]e dur+ our j\rney we f\nd honey 0 always to be pur*as$2 & x is us$ by ! natives = _m cul9>y purposes1 & especially = ! prep>ation ( sweet cakes4 ,x has ! delicate aromatic flav\r ( ! ?yme-sc5t$ honey ( ,hybla or ,hymettus4 ,b1 h[ev] ext5sive are ! bee-colonies ( ! villages1 ! numb] ( wild bees ( ! same species is f> great]4 ,! innum]able fissures1 & clefts ( ! lime/one rocks1 :i* ev]y:]e flank ! valleys1 af=d 9 _! recesses secure %elt] = any numb] ( sw>ms2 & _m ( ! ,b$\91 p>ticul>ly 9 ! wild]ness ( ,judea1 obta93 ! subsi/5ce by bee-hunt+1 br++ into ,j]usalem j>s ( t wild1 honey on :i* ,john ! ,bapti/ f$ 9 ! wild]ness1 & :i* ,jona?an _h long be=e unwitt+ly ta/$1 :5 ! comb _h dropp$ on ! gr\nd f ! holl[ tree 9 :i* x 0 susp5d$4 ,! visitor to ! ,wady ,kurn1 :5 he sees ! busy multitudes ( bees ab\t its cliffs1 _c b recall to m9d ! promise1 ',) honey out ( ! /ony rock w\ld ,i h satisfi$ !e4' ,!re is no epi!t ( ! ,l& ( ,promise m true to ! lett]1 ev5 to ! pres5t day1 ?an ?is1 t x 0 'a l& fl[+ ) milk & honey4 ,does n evid5ce su* z ?is po9t to ! conclusion t ! bees :i* ,sampson f\nd 9 ! c>case ( ! lion 7 ,ligurian2 & may we n fur!r speculate t ! ribs ( ! c>case con/itut$ ! fir/ b>-hive8 ,surely1 !re is no new ?+ "u ! sun4 ,illu/ration ,,liv+ ,,bees ,,at ,,! ,,int]national ,,exhibition ,,( #ahfb1 ,,s5d+ ,,bees ,,to ,,au/ralia1 c4 ,! engrav+ repres5ts our /& 9 ! ,agricultural ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb4 ,! space grant$ u 9 ! ,_w's ,great ,fair 0 some:at limit$2 b we 7 able to exhibit a tol]ably complete /ock ( api>ian app>atus1 & all ! m important bee-hives4 ,among/ ^! 0 an unicomb hive /ock$ ) ! ,yell[ ,alp9e or ,ligurian bee4 ,?is 0 an object ( great att5tion1 & daily hundr$s ( visitors flock$ r\nd our /&1 9 ord] to wat* ! movem5ts ( ! ,italian que51 ) h] gay & busy subjects4 ,! entrance-way = ! bees be+ 9 ! ,op5 ,c\rt1 to :i* all visitors _h access1 x 0 necess>y to place ! hive 9 an elevat$ position1 s z = x to be beyond ! rea* ( incauti\s pass]s-by1 & to obviate any *ance ( annoyance to ! va/ cr[ds ( p cont9ually ar\nd4 ,among o!rs :o took a deep int]e/ 9 our exhibition 0 ,mr4 ,edw>d ,wilson1 ,presid5t ( ! ,acclimatisation ,society ( ,victoria4 ,?is g5tleman reque/$ u to pack f\r /ocks ( ! ,ligurian bees = conveyance to ,melb\rne4 ,) ! assi/ance ( ,mr4 ,woodbury--^: aid 01 inde$1 ess5tial--^! /ocks 7 s5t (f on ! #be? ( ,septemb]1 #ahfb1 by ! /eam %ip ,alhambra1 s z to arrive at ! colony dur+ ! ,au/ral summ]4 ,! hives 7 ,woodbury frame hives1 hav+ ample space & v5tilation1 z well z ! means ( supply+ wat] to _! inmates dur+ ! voyage2 !re 01 also1 a suffici5t /ore ( honey to la/ until ! foll[+ ,m>*4 ,! bees arriv$ at ,melb\rne1 :]e !y 7 releas$ aft] an imprisonm5t ( sev5ty-n9e days1 & h s9ce rapidly multipli$1 ! climate & pa/urage ( ,au/ralia greatly fav\r+ ! increase ( ?is sup]ior v>iety ( ! bee4 ,mr4 ,wilson 0 s well pleas$ ) ! c>eful mann] 9 :i* ^! /ocks 7 fitt$ out = _! voyage across ! seas1 t he subsequ5tly in/ruct$ u to prep>e him ?ree m hives1 :i* 7 s5t out 9 a sail+ vessel4 ,ow+ to ! mismanagem5t ( ! wat] supply dur+ ! voyage1 only "o /ock surviv$ 9 ?is in/ance4 ,mr4 ,wilson in=ms u t "o ( ^! hives conta9$ #acf lbs4 ( honey1 on ! #be? ( ,decemb]1 #ahfd 7,midsumm] 9 ,au/ralia74 ,upw>ds ( tw5ty ye>s ago1 we s5t a ,nutt's hive /ock$ ) bees to ,new ,zeal&4 ,we !n adopt$ ! plan ( fix+ ! hive 9 a meat safe1 s t ! bees c\ld fly ab\t a little1 & also cleanse ! hive ( _! dead1 = bees are v att5tive to sanit>y arrangem5ts2 !y always remove ! dead ones f _! mid/1 & d n void excrem5t )9 ! hive4 ,:5 bees are %ut up 9 _! hives too long1 ev5 ) adequate v5tilation1 !y are apt to be attack$ by a disease call$ by api>ians dys5t]y4 ,sometimes1 :5 conf9$ by ! unfav\rabl5ess ( ! wea!r 9 w9t]1 or ! lat5ess ( spr+1 ?is disease produces s]i\s mis*ief among/ ! bees4 ,v>i\s rem$ies h be5 recomm5d$2 b we believe1 ! be/ is to see t !re is :olesome food )9 ! hive1 & pl5ty ( x1 &1 :5 f9e wea!r returns1 ! heal? ( ! bees w return ) x4 ,dampness ( ! hives1 & too late fe$+ 9 ! autumn1 are also frequ5t causes ( ?is disease4 ,,bee-,,keep+ ,,9 ,,london4 ,!re are _m p]sons n[ 9 ?is noisy city p5t1 :o frequ5tly rememb] ! days ( *ildhood1 :51 among pa/ures ( clov]1 or amid/ fl[]y hea? & woodl&s1 !y li/5$ to ! *e]ful hum ( bees4 ,p>tly f a desire to revive ^! old associations1 & also f a natural lik+ = ! t5dance ( liv+ creatures1 su* p]sons w\ld be glad to keep bees if !y ?\ght x possible to d s 9 ,london or its suburbs ) any *ance ( success4 ,we d n wond] t _m %\ld d\bt ev5 ! possibility ( bees fe$+ !mselves amid/ su* an endless meal ( brick2 b we c easily prove t bees1 if n plac$ too ne> to smoky *imneys1 are able to produce honey1 bo? = !mselves & = _! ma/]s4 ,to make ?is pla91 we w m5tion "s special in/ances ( metropolitan bee-keep+4 ,ab\t n9ety ye>s ago1 a ,mr4 ,wildman kept a bee-h\se & honey w>eh\se1 ne> to ,middle ,r[1 ,holborn4 ,he 0 n only a tradesman1 b 0 also ! api>ian ( 8 day4 ,he kept hives ( ?riv+ bees on ! ro( ( 8 h\se 9 ,holborn1 & _m ( ! nobility & g5try us$ to m\nt ?i!r1 9 ord] to inspect ! api>y4 ,at t p]iod1 ,/4 ,pancras 0 a village two miles nor?-we/ ( ,london1 & :at is n[ ! ,reg5t's ,p>k 0 op5 c\ntry4 ,x 0 !n mu* easi] = ,london bees to f9d _! fav\rite =age1 b ,mr4 ,wildman believ$ t 8 hives 7 fill$ ) /ores f a consid]able di/ance4 ,:il/ enjoy+ 8 c\ntry rambles on ,hamp/ead ,hea?1 he _h a %rewd suspicion t _m ( ! bees he !re obs]v$ ga!r+ honey 7 lab\r]s f 8 own api>y4 ,9 ord] to id5tify 8 own flock among/ ! re/1 he hit ^u a homely b v effective exp$i5t4 ,hav+ borr[$ ,mrs4 ,wildman's dr$g+ box1 he /ation$ himself ne> ! entrance ( 8 hives1 & g5tly du/$ 8 bees ) fl\r z !y issu$ =?4 ,he !n betook himself to ,hamp/ead1 :]e he f\nd 8 previ\s surmise confirm$1 = !re 7 numb]s ( 8 bees 9 _! liv]y ( :ite4 ,wildman became not$ = ! rem>kable control he obta9$ ov] 8 bees1 _m in/ances ( :i* he exhibit$ be=e ! public4 ,sev]al ( 8 op]ations ) !m 7 reg>d$ z feats ( leg]dema9 by ! un9itiat$1 z :5 he appe>$ be=e ,k+ ,george ,,iii41 ) a sw>m ( bees hang+ 9 fe/oons f 8 *91 or susp5d$ 9 a clu/] at arm's l5g?4 ,! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture rec5tly1 9 allud+ to ,wildman1 gives ! foll[+ p>ticul>s z to 8 p]=mances3-- ,ne> ! ',?ree ,hats1' ,isl+ton1 0 a place ( popul> ent]ta9m5t call$ ',dobney's ,tea ,g>d5s1' kept by ,mrs4 ,ann ,dobney4 ,^! g>d5s occupi$ ! gr\nd betwe5 ,:ite ,lion ,/reet & ,w9*e/] ,place1 & 7 e/abli%$ z f> back z #agbh4 ,9 #agga1 ! h\se 0 tak5 = a %ort "t z a bo>d+ s*ool2 b x 0 soon *ang$ to its orig9al purpose z a place ( amusem5t1 =1 9 #aggb1 ,daniel ,wildman exhibit$ bees "h4 ,?is is a copy ( ! adv]tisem5t3-- ',june #bj1 #aggb4 ,exhibition ( bees on horseback6 at ! ,jubilee ,g>d5s1 ,isl+ton 7late ,dobney's71 ?is & e ev5+1 until fur!r notice 7wet ev5+s except$74 ',! celebrat$ ,daniel ,wildman w exhibit sev]al new & amaz+ exp]im5ts1 nev] attempt$ by any man 9 ?is or any o!r k+dom be=e4 ,! rid] /&+ upright1 "o foot on ! saddle & "o on ! neck1 ) a mask ( bees on 8 head & face4 ,he also rides /&+ upright on ! saddle ) ! bridle 9 8 m\?1 &1 by fir+ a pi/ol1 makes "o "p ( ! bees m>* ov] ! table1 & ! o!r sw>m 9 ! air & return to _! hive aga91 ) o!r p]=mances too t$i\s to ins]t4 ,! doors op5 at six2 to beg9 at a qu>t] be=e sev54 ,admittance3--,box & gall]y1 #bs42 ! o!r seats1 #as4' ,! secret ( ,wildman's skilful manipulation is well und]/ood n[2 x consi/$ 9 a c>eful hold+ & disposal ( ! que51 toge!r ) confid5ce 9 ! g5]ally in(f5sive disposition ( bees4 ,dr4 ,evans1 :om we h (t5 quot$ = 8 correct in=mation 9 api>ian matt]s1 ?us speaks ( 8 feats3-- ,su* 0 ! spell :i*1 r\nd a ,wildman's arm1 ,tw9$ 9 d>k wrea?s ! fasc9at$ sw>m2 ,bright o'er 8 brea/ ! glitt]+ legions l$1 ,or ) a liv+ g>l& b\nd 8 head4 ,8 dextr\s h&1 ) firm1 yet hurtless hold1 ,c\ld seize ! *ief1 kn[n by h] scales ( gold1 ,prune1 'mid ! wond]+ tra91 h] filmy w+1 ,or o'er h] folds ! silk5 fett] fl+4 ,to recur to our subject4 ,aft] ! days ( ,wildman1 our own e/abli%m5t 9 ,holborn became widely kn[n = bee-hives & honey4 ,al?\gh we nev] attempt$ to />t a ,london api>y at all approa*+ 9 ext5t t ( our pr$ecessor1 we h occasionally kept bees on ! h\se-top1 bo? 9 ,holborn & ,reg5t ,/reet4 ,at ea* ( ^? situations1 we h notic$ t ! bees br+ poll5 z well z honey into _! hives4 ,la/ summ]1 !re 0 br\ght "u our notice an illu/ration ( ! acut5ess ( ! sc5t ( bees & ( _! dilig5t se>* = food1 prov+1 too1 t if sweets c be obta9$ ev5 f unusual s\rces1 ! bees w f9d !m out4 ,a poor woman1 :o1 at ! com] ( an adjac5t /reet1 v5ds br&y balls1 t(fee1 rock1 & o!r sac*>9e comp\nds--all well kn[n to & appreciat$ by mo/ juv5iles1--us$ to receive frequ5t visits f our bees4 ,_! visits to ! old dame's doma9 7 at fir/ r int]e/+1 & if ! few pione]s :o _h ! sagacity to f9d su* a /ore _h kept ! secret only to !mselves1 _! company w\ld n h be5 object$ to4 ,su* selfi% policy does n1 h[ev]1 accord ) ! social in/9ct ( bees1 & ^! soon in=m$ _! companions ( ! good =tune provid$ = !m 9 an ar*ipelago ( sug> isl&s4 ,day by day ! sw>ms ( ^! un9vit$ visitors increas$1 until all legitimate cu/om]s 7 beat5 (f2 & ! old dame _h to see1 n only h] hope ( ga9 de/roy$1 b h] /ock ( goodies s5sibly dim9i%+ by ! !fts ( ^! brig&s ( ! air4 ,%e c\ld n1 or d>e n attempt to1 drive ! intrud]s away1 s made dilig5t inquiry z to :]e ! robb]s 7 h>b\r$4 ,hav+ trac$ !m to our e/abli%m5t 9 ,reg5t ,/reet1 %e came to implore ( u to move ! bees if possible1 or %e w\ld h to move h] /all1 & s lose h] connection 9 ! t(fee & rock trade4 ,wi%+ n to h9d] ! poor woman 9 ga9+ h] livelihood1 we decid$ on remov+ our bees into ! c\ntry4 ,x is difficult to assign an exact limit to ! di/ance t bees w g 9 se>* ( honey-yield+ blossoms4 ,x has be5 prov$ by v>i\s exp]im5ts t !y w fly1 say1 five or six miles1 if ! supplies are scanty )9 a %ort] radius2 b bees well und]/& t fir/ ( all economies1 ! sav+ ( "t1 & if !y c f9d =age ne> at h&1 !y pref] x4 ,h5ce1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ! quantity ( honey /or$ w be 9 proportion to ! contiguity ( good pa/urage4 ,9 ?is way x is t ! sy/ematic removal ( hives1 z practis$ 9 _m di/ricts1 has su* a notable effect on ! honey h>ve/4 ,a novel sight = ,london]s to witness occurr$ 9 ,june1 #ahfe4 ,a sw>m1 hav+ be5 ord]$ to be s5t into ! c\ntry ! foll[+ morn+1 0 tempor>ily plac$ on ! leads at ! back ( our h\se1 #adi1 ,reg5t ,/reet4 ,! sun %9+ hot on ! hive1 or "s o!r cause1 induc$ ! inmates to decamp4 ,a pass]-by call$ 9 to in=m u t "s bees _h arre/$ ! progress ( a cab4 ,we at once conjectur$ t !y 7 ^? ( our miss+ sw>m1 ! abs5ce ( :i* _h previ\sly puzzl$ u n a little2 s we s5t our man ) a /raw-hive to br+ ! truants back1 :i* he succe$$ 9 do+1 foll[$ to ! door by a cr[d1 :o 7 amaz$ at ! sight ( ! 'oney-bees1 z ! ,cockney lads call$ !m4 ,cabby _h to be comp5sat$ = ! loss ( 8 f>e1 = ! affright$ pass5g]s _h left him 9 a hurry1 s t1 altoge!r1 no little commotion 0 caus$--a cr[d s soon collects 9 ,london /reets4 ,among ! look]s-on appe>s to h be5 a report] f ! ,times newspap]1 =1 two days aft]w>ds1 ! foll[+ p>agraph appe>$ 9 ! lead+ j\rnal3-- ,a ,sw>m ( ,bees 9 ,burl+ton ,/reet4--,on ,w$nesday aft]noon1 ab\t five o'clock1 n a little excitem5t & a/oni%m5t 0 caus$ 9 ,new ,burl+ton ,/reet1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 by ! circum/ance ( a sw>m ( bees alight+ on a cab :i* _h j drawn up at ! ,burl+ton ,re/aurant4 ,a man hav+ procur$ a hive1 set to "w1 &1 ) assi/ance1 succe$$ 9 secur+ ! :ole ( ! unexpect$ visitors1 & took !m away4 ,a sw>m ( bees is r>ely1 if ev]1 se5 9 ! /reets ( ,london1 b x is n an uncommon occurr5ce = a sw>m to /ray consid]able di/ances4 ,! report] 01 ( c\rse1 unaw>e t1 in/ead ( ! bees hav+ /ray$ s f> z he repres5t$1 !y 7 br\ght into ,london by rail1 & _h made b a %ort flight f _! tempor>y home4 ,dur+ sev]al ye>s we kept bees 9 ! ,zoological ,g>d5s1 ,reg5t's ,p>k1 & h !re frequ5tly tak5 full & h&some glasses ( honey4 ,! position ( our api>y 0 on ! site n[ occupi$ by ! new monkey h\se4 ,! ,society promise to erect a new build+ = an api>y 9 ! c\rse ( ! ensu+ summ]4 ,! visitors to ! g>d5s f\nd consid]able1 int]e/ 9 wat*+ ! bees 9 our glass hives1 & are n[ mu* disappo9t$ at ! abs5ce ( s ent]ta9+ an exhibition4 ,a collection ( ^! hives are n[ exhibit$ by ! ,acclimatisation ,society ( ,great ,brita91 ) liv+ bees 9 !m1 at ! ,fi% ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,royal ,horticultural ,g>d5s1 ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,a g5tleman resid+ 9 ,/4 ,james's ,place has1 = "s consid]able "t pa/1 kept bees 9 8 g>d51 !re4 ,he uses our improv$ cottage-hives1 & 81 bee-keep+ is decid$ly successful1 z he g5]ally takes1 "s f9e glasses1 ( honey ea* season1 besides1 leav+ suffici5t z w9t] /ore = ! bees4 ,= a ,london situation1 ,/4 ,james's ,place is a v fav\rable "o2 ! g>d5s beh9d ! h\ses pleasantly face ! ,gre5 ,p>k1 s t ! bees h an un9t]rupt$ flight to />t )4 ,!y are also )9 easy range ( ! ri*ly-fl[]$ g>d5s ( ,buck+ham ,palace & ^? ( ! nobility & g5try :o reside ar\nd ! ,p>ks4 ,to ^?1 g>d5s1 ! bees ( ,/4 ,james's ,place resort1 )\t wait+ = any lic5ce or c]tificate f ! royal & noble own]s ( ! honey-yield+ pres]ves4 ,be+ )9 a %ort di/ance ( our e/abli%m5t1 :5 ?is g5tleman's bees sw>m1 he g5]ally s5ds to u = assi/ance 9 hiv+ !m4 ,! neighb\rhood ( ,/4 ,john's ,wood &1 inde$1 almo/ all ! suburbs ( ,london are fav\rable = ! production ( honey4 ,we m5tion ,/4 ,john's ,wood because1 f ! fact ( hav+ kept bees !re ourselves1 we are able to prove by exp]i5ce t !y d well 9 t locality4 ,we h sev]al cu/om]s on ne>ly all sides ( ! t[n1 :o h ea* _h ?is ye> a consid]able surplus ( honey 9 _! sup]s1 aft] leav+ suffici5t = !3 bees !mselves1 9 ! l[] or /ock hives4 ,we exhibit$ 9 our w9d[1 9 ! autumn ( #ahfd1 a sup] ( f9e honey f ! api>y ( ,mr4 ,%irley ,hibb]d1 ! proprietor & editor ( ! ,g>d5]s' ,weekly ,magaz9e4 ,x consi/$ ( a box conta9+ #bj lbs4 nett weight ( honey1 & 0 produc$ at ,/oke ,new+ton1 only #c miles f ! ,g5]al ,po/ ,(fice4 ,! ,times' ,bee-,ma/]1 ^: lett]s f ,tunbridge ,wells h awak5$ s mu* int]e/ 9 ?is pleas+ pursuit1 also commission$ u to exhibit a sup]1 produc$ "u 8 own managem5t 9 t locality4 ,mr4 ,s4 ,b4 ,fox1 at ,exet]1 _h1 upw>ds1 ( #djj lbs2 ( honey1 ( excell5t quality1 ?\gh "o ( 8 api>ies is q )9 ! city4 ,! la/ has be5 an excell5t honey-yield+ season2 our own bees1 at ,dork+1 ,surrey1 h produc$ u l>ge quantities1 & ! acc\nts f ne>ly all p>ts ( ! c\ntry co9cide 9 /at+ t ! bees h1 9 ! ye>s #ahfd & #ahfe2 enjoy$ unusual opportunities = accumulation4 ,9 n a few localities1 ! season ( #ahfc 0 ev5 m abundant4 ,,wasps ,,& ,,mo?s4 ,bees1 h few enemies m =midable1 ?an wasps4 ,! mo/ effectual me?od ( *eck+ _! invasion ( hives is to h1 z n>r[ an entrance1 z ! bees c d )4 ,if a /ock be n1 v weak 9 numb]s1 ! bees w be well able to gu>d a small ap]ture1 & c repel ! attacks ( ^? insidi\s1 & m]ciless robb]s4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 ! entrance to our cottag]-hive1 z describ$ at page #gd1 may be us$4 ,! bee-keep] is int]e/$ 9 prev5t+ ! increase ( wasps2 x is1 !re=e1 a good practice = him to set a price on que5-wasps 9 ! spr+ ! dea? ( "o ( !m at t "t be+ equival5t to ! de/ruction ( a :ole ne/4 ,%\ld ne/s be f\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( an api>y1 _! annihilation mu/ be accompli%$1 ei!r by bl[+ !m up ) gunp[d]1 an op]ation well und]/ood by mo/ c\ntry1 lads1 or any1 o!r effectual me?od4 ,! late ,mr4 ,payne recomm5d$1 t a small quantity ( gas t> %\ld be put into ! m\? ( a wasps' ne/1 & if !n cov]$ ) e>?1 ! total de/ruction ( ! wasps w be accompli%$ )\t fur!r tr\ble4 ,b to use blaz+ /raw = ! purpose is always dang]\s 9 c\ntry di/ricts4 ,we h lately he>d ( a v +5i\s & successful mode ( entrapp+ & kill+ wasps4 ,place "s sug> or /rongly-sweet5$ comp\nd on ! gr\nd 9 a g>d51 & place ov] x a squ>e h&-glass1 w$g$ up an in* or s all r\nd4 ,on ?is glass1 :i* %\ld h an op5+ at ! apex1 lodge ano!r1 b a s\nd "o4 ,! wasps1 attract$1 by ! sweets1 w soon cr[d "u ! l[] glass1 &1 :5 !y h well fea/$1 w asc5d into ! upp] "o2 !re1 betwe5 ! two1 !y soon become scor*$ & p]i% by ! heat ( ! sun %9+ on ! out] glass4 ,! season ( #ahfd 0 mo/ productive = ! increase ( ^! prime pe/s ( ! api>y1 & _m hives h sev]ely suff]$ by _! depr$ations4 ,:5 once wasps 9 any numb] h ga9$ an entrance into a hive1 ! bees c seldom eject !m1 & ! invad]s g5]ally rema9 until !y h freely regal$ !mselves f ! lusci\s /ore4 ,!y n only consume ! honey1 b cause a good deal ( worry to ! legitimate inhabitants ( ! hive1 z well z kill+ ! =emo/ def5d]s ( x4 ,wasps be+ mu* sup]ior 9 /r5g?1 x requires at lea/ ?ree bees to ma/] "o ( !m4 ,hav+ suff]$ loss 9 our own api>y f ! attacks ( wasps1 we feel x desirable to give a detail$ acc\nt ( our tr\bles f t cause4 ,a ,ligurian /ock 0 besieg$ & worri$ by wasps to su* an ext5t1 t ! bees des]t$ x on ! #e? ( ,septemb]1 #ahfd4 ,=tunately1 ! bees *ose a "t = _! dep>ture j z we visit$ ! api>y4 ,an unusual turmoil 0 he>d 9 ! hive1 su* z is exp]i5c$ at ! "t ( sw>m+1 & on imm$iately exam9+ ! entrance1 we obs]v$ t ! bees 7 quitt+ 9 tumultu\s ha/e4 ,! usual me?ods t induce bees to settle 7 tri$--among/ o!rs1 t ( ?r[+ s& up into ! air1 s t x %\ld fall d[n among/ ! bees on ! w+2 b !y 7 disp]s$ 9 disord]1 & _! flight ext5d$ ov] ?ree adjac5t g>d5s4 ,we only discov]$ ! clu/]$ bees by dilig5t se>*1 z ! sequel w %[4 ,p]mission be+ ask$ ( our next-door neighb\r1 we se>*$ 8 g>d5 to see if our bees _h alight$ !re2 b f\nd t !y _h pass$ ov]4 ,mak+ a simil> application to ! own] ( ! g>d5 adjo9+1 we ent]$1 hav+ a /raw hive 9 h&1 b no bees 7 !re4 ,aft] look+ dilig5tly all r\nd1 & climb+ ! wall1 !reby ga9+ a view ( ! ?ird g>d51 we p]ceiv$ 9 x unmi/akable signs ( an unwont$ commotion4 ,! occupi]s ( ! h\se 7 int5tly look+ at a p>ticul> "p ( ! g>d51 & !re 0 a du/-pan & a key1 ) :i* ! ma/] _h be5 tang+ ! bees1 to induce !m to settle4 ,we quickly made = ! prop] entrance to ! g>d51 & soon discov]$ our little w&]]s clu/]$ to a l>ge fl[]-vase4 ,our neighb\rs1 h[ev]1 7 sadly disappo9t$ ( _! prize1 = ! g>d5] _h ha/ily be5 dispat*$ into ! t[n to pur*ase a hive = ! welcome coloni/s4 ,9 depriv+ our neighb\rs ( a s unexpect$ & *eaply-acquir$ treasure1 we c\ld sympa?ise ) _! regret1 hav+ be5 mu* di%e>t5$ half an h\r be=e at our own loss2 b1 ( c\rse1 we c\ld d no o!r ?an claim our own bees4 ,we gladly agre$ to defray ! exp5se ( ! /raw hive t _h be5 pur*as$ = ! sake ( our truant sw>m4 ,aft] bru%+ ! bees into ! hive1 & leav+ x propp$ up ) a /ick1 9 ord] t ! /ray ones might jo91 we return$ home = an h\r or s1 to give !m "t to settle4 ,judge ( our vexation :51 on return+ to fet* ! hive home1 we f\nd t ! refractory creatures _h aga9 tak5 flight1 & t all ! "w 0 to d ov] aga94 ,! wasps 7 n to blame = ?is second flight ( ! ,ligurians2 we judg$ t ! sw>m _h be5 di/urb$ by visits f a colony ( bees t we discov]$ 7 liv+ ! life ( outlaws "u ! ro( ( an adjo9+ h\se4 ,al?\gh mu* di%e>t5$ & p]plex$1 we at once r5ew$ our se>*1 &1 ^u inquiry1 f\nd t ! miss+ bees _h tak5 a s\!rly c\rse across ! turnpike road1 & x 0 !re=e necess>y to ask p]mission to se>* ! g>d5s ( ! h\ses opposite4 ,f "o ( ^! we obs]v$1 on look+ ?r\gh ! h$ge1 t ! inhabitants ( !' next h\se 7 on ! qui vive4 ,on inquir+ :e!r !y _h se5 a colony ( bees1 ! w>y old dame repli$ t %e _h no bees b h] own1 & add$ t !y 7 v mu* excit$4 ,hav+ ask$ p]mission to g ?r\gh ! h$ge to look at h] bees1 we soon discov]$ our ,ligurians on ! top ( ! old lady's bee-h\se4 ,!re 0 no difficulty 9 id5tify+ our own bees2 _! yell[ r+s 7 z good z a private m>k4 ,quickly hiv+ ! sw>m1 we took !m home1 & replac$ !m 9 ! hive !y _h quitt$4 ,x 0 almo/ de/itute ( honey2 b by lib]al fe$+1 & less5+ ! entrance s t only "o bee at a "t c\ld f9d +ress or egress1 we succe$$ 9 induc+ !m to re/ 9 _! old home4 ,?us ne>ly half a day's ex]tion 0 ne$$ to save a f9e colony1 :i* w\ld o!rwise h be5 utt]ly lo/ by ! p[] ( ! rel5tless wasps4 ,mu* wat*fulness is ne$$ to prev5t ! loss ( sw>ms1 & ! =ego+ incid5t may s]ve to sugge/ ! necessity ( hav+ hives s locat$ z to be con/antly )9 view1 ei!r f ! d9+-room1 or ( ^? ^: duties oblige !m to be ne> ! api>y4 ,if we _h n happ5$ to be at h& at ! mom5t ?is colony />t$1 x w\ld h be5 irretrievably lo/ to u4 ,_m sw>ms & colonies are lo/1 simply because ! dep>ture takes place )\t anyone witness+ x4 ,let u hope t runaway bees may always fall into ! h&s ( ^? :o are z capable ( tak+ c>e ( !m z our neighb\rs appe>$ to be on ! occasion we h describ$4 ,o!r =midable enemies ( bees are mo?s4 ,^! insects are creatures ( ! night1 z ! wasps are ( ! day1 & !y make _! way into ! hives "u cov] ( d>kness1 9 spite ( ! bee-s5t9els4 ,!y deposit _! eggs 9 any crevices 9 or ne> ! hive t !y c f9d4 ,!re ! w>m? ( ! hive1 or ( ! %elt]$ situation1 causes ! eggs spe$ily1 to hat*1 & !n ! maggots soon "w _! way to ! comb & l>v food1 :i* !y gre$ily dev\r1 !reby (t5 br++ ab\t ! gradual b c]ta9 de/ruction ( ! :ole community ( bees4 ,! be/ me?od (1 keep+ mo?s outside ! hives is to less5 ! entrance1 z be=e allud$ to4 ,also1 9 ! e>ly spr+1 ! hives %\ld be lift$ f _! floor-bo>ds1 :i* mu/ !n be made ?or\ghly clean2 & all crevices & corn]s ab\t ! hive & /& %\ld be scrap$1 s z to get rid ( all eggs ( mo?s & o!r insects be=e ! w>m wea!r hat*es !m or enables !m to d mis*ief4 ,! bee-mo? is n s tr\blesome 9 ,engl& z x is 9 ,am]ica & "s p>ts ( ,g]many2 b /ill its encroa*m5ts %\ld be c>efully gu>d$ aga9/ 9 ?is c\ntry1 = if n1 x may easily increase to a v s]i\s ext5t4 ,9 ! season ( #ahfe1 wasps 7 z few z !y 7 num]\s ! prec$+ ye>2 _! paucity 0 attributable ei!r to fro/s 9 ,may or to heavy ra9s 9 ,june1 :i* de/roy$ !m 9 _! ne/s4 ,9 g5]al1 wasps are great depr$ators ( wall-fruit1 b1 9 ! autumn be=e m5tion$1 ! bees occupi$ ! wasps' =ag+-gr\nd4 ,p]haps nev] 9 ! memory ( bee-keep]s did bees fea/ ^u fruit 9 ! same mann]4 ,v>i\s reasons h be5 assign$ = ?is unusual occurr5ce2 "s ?\ght t z !re 7 s few wasps ! bees 7 unmole/$1 & enjoy$ ! sac*>9e matt] 9 ! fruit )\t let or h9drance--= bees are ab\t z p>tial to ! company ( wasps z mice are to t ( rats4 ,o!r bee-keep]s rem>k$ ! sudd5 & e>ly t]m9ation ( ! honey-ga!r+1 & conjectur$ t ! bees1 be+ anxi\s to make up _! w9t] /ore1 endeav\r$ to br+ home nect> f ! fruit because ! wea!r 0 unusually f9e4 ,!re 0 "o feature :i* is wor? rem>k+3 z f> z our obs]vation ext5d$1 ! bees did n1 l ! wasps1 break ! sk9 ( s\nd fruit1 b 7 satisfi$ ) lapp+ ! juice ( ! ripe fruit t _h ! sk9 already brok54 ,an unusual am\nt ( robb+ & fight+ occurr$ 9 ! autumn ( #ahfe2 ! wea!r rema9+ f9e & w>m1 & ! honey hav+ all b ceas$ 9 ! fl[]s1 ! bees began to assail ea* o!r's hives1 z usual1 ! /rong attack+ ! weak4 ,9 mo/ ye>s1 ?is _s ( depr$ation exi/s1 & ! bee-keep] %\ld be on 8 gu>d n to tempt ! av>ice ( bees' by expos+ honey1 ei!r 9 ! comb or liquid1 & also to be v t>dy ( op5+ b> & frame hives at ?is "t ( ye>4 ,if ne$ful to d s 7soon aft] sunrise is ! safe/1 because !re w be few bees ab\t71 take ! hive to a quiet corn] ( ! g>d51 _m y>ds away f ! o!r hives1 & d :at is requisite spe$ily1 s z n to expose ! honey to ! sc5t ( a ho/ ( robb]s1 :o w mo/ unc]emoni\sly pillage1 & cause a t]rible commotion4 ,?is caution w also be necess>y to be kept 9 view :5 remov+ sup]s4 ,9 fact1 _m lib]ties t may be tak5 ) bees :5 !y are busy 9 ! ga!r+ season w mo/ w(ully di/urb an api>y 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb]2 & ?is plund]+ _s may exi/ ev5 9 ,octob]4#bg ,footnote #bg3 ,9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 great c>e is also ne$ful z reg>ds fe$+ & 9 op5+ hives4 ,,dra9+ ,,honey ,,f ,,! ,,combs4 ,^? ( our read]s :o pref] eat+ run honey to honey 9 ! comb may be glad ( "s in/ruction z to ! be/ way ( sep>at+ ! two4 ,= ?is purpose1 x is bett] to let ! honey run )\t squeez+1 9 ord] to pres]ve bo? its transp>5cy & flav\r4 ,take a %>p knife1 & slice ! combs on bo? sides1 keep+ ! knife p>allel ) ! p>tition wall1 s t e cell may be laid op54 ,place ^! brok5 combs 9 a sieve1 or on a piece ( musl9 /ret*$ across & ti$ r\nd ! op5+ ( a pan or l>ge-m\!d j>4 ,all[ ! honey to fl[ out ( ! combs spontane\sly1 & res]ve ! squeez+ process = a sep>ate j>1 s t ! honey ( ! fir/ dra9$ j> may be p]fectly pure1 bo? 9 appe>ance & flav\r4 ,t :i* has pressure put on x w be waxy 9 flav\r & ?ick4 ,"s p]sons recomm5d t ! op5$ combs be plac$ 9 ! sun1 z ! heat w cause ! honey to run m freely4 ,! great disadvantage ( ?is is1 ! temptation ! honey (f]s to bees1 :o w be eag] to ga9 a %>e4 ,honey1 :il/ 9 ! combs1 keeps rem>kably well :5 left 9 ! sup]s2 if cut out1 ! combs %\ld be fold$ 9 writ+-pap]1 & seal$ up1 s z to effectually prev5t ! free entrance ( air3 !y %\ld !n be plac$ 9 a w>m1 dry closet4 ,honey1 l mo/ vegetable products1 %\ld be fre% e ye>4 ,x may easily be kept f "o season to ano!r2 b :5 kept beyond t "t1 unless v c>efully /or$ 9 a w>m temp]ature1 x w cry/allize 9 ! comb1 & x is liable to f]m5t :5 9 j>s sep>at$ f ! comb4 ,,diseases ,,( ,,bees4 ,dys5t]y is a disease produc$ ei!r by long conf9em5t1 by dampness1 or by fe$+ 9 ! w9t]4 ,! fir/ ?+ bees d :5 di/urb$ is to fill !mselves ) food1 s t 9 w9t] wea!r1 :5 !y _c get out to void _! fces1 hives %\ld n be m$dl$ )1 o!rwise ! compla9t may be br\ght on4 ,x is also eng5d]$ 9 _m in/ances by ! /ate ( ! wea!r 9 w9t] mon?s1 & is indicat$ by ! yell[ col\r ( ! excrem5t1 & by its be+ void$ ^u ! floors & at ! entrance ( ! hives1 :i* bees 9 a heal?y /ate g5]ally keep clean4 ,all1 t c be done = !m :5 affect$ is to well clean or to *ange ! floor-bo>d1 & s produce cleanl9ess4 ,hav+ made "s rem>ks on ?is disease at page #bad1 9 connection ) bees s5t to ,au/ralia1 we w pass on to ! m =midable1 b happily less common1 malady ( f\l brood4 ,?is disease does n attack ! bees !mselves1 b affects ! l>v1 by caus+ !m to putrefy 9 ! cells1 ?us de/roy+ all hope ( ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,bees are exce$+ly fond ( _! "y1 & are greatly dispirit$ :5 _! hives are 9 ?is plight4 ,9 common ) mo/ pe/il5tial disord]s1 no satisfactory cause is assign$ = its fir/ appe>ance4 ,"s api>ians cont5d1 t f\l brood is ano!r "n = *ill$1 brood2 o!rs1 t ! que51 by a freak ( nature1 deposits "s ( h] eggs ! wrong way upw>ds1 & t ^! putrefy 9 ! cells & contam9ate ! o!rs4 ,:atev] may be ! orig91 "o ?+ is v c]ta91 x is cat*+2 !re is1 h[ev]1 9 ! circum/ance ( ! adult bees & ( ^? ab\t em]g+ f ! cells n be+ injuri\sly affect$ !reby1 a great help to its eradication1 z w pres5tly be %[n4 ,!re are two k9ds ( f\l brood--"o is moi/ & ftid1 ! o!r is dry & n contagi\s1 ! brood m]ely dry+ up 9 ! cells1 &1 f its p>tial "*1 is probably )9 ! p[] ( ! bees !mselves to ov]come4 ,9 ! =m]1 in/ead ( dry+ up1 ! brood rema9s d>k & slimy 9 ! cells1 & emits a mo/ unpleasant od\r1 p]ceptible at "s di/ance f ! hive4 ,9 ! ye> #ahdh1 ,pa/or ,dzi]zon lo/ a l>ge numb] ( /ocks f ?is disease2 he1 h[ev]1 0 enabl$ to bani% x f 8 api>y1 & communicat$ to a ,g]man bee-j\rnal v :olesome advice1 :i* ,mr4 ,lang/ro? quotes1 & f :i* we make an extract3--,:5 ! malady makes its appe>ance 9 only two or ?ree ( ! colonies1 & is discov]$ e>ly 7:i* may readily be done 9 hives hav+ movable combs71 x c be arre/$ & cur$ )\t damage or dim9ution ( pr(it4 ,to prev5t ! disease f spread+ 9 a colony1 !re is no m reliable & effici5t process ,,?an ,,to ,,/op ,,! ,,production ,,( ,,brood2 = :]e no brood exi/s1 none c p]i% or putrefy4 ,! disease is ?us depriv$ bo? ( its alim5t & its subjects4 ,! heal?y brood w mature & em]ge 9 due "t1 & ! putrid matt] rema9+ 9 a few cells w dry up & be remov$ by ! work]s4 ,all ?is w c]ta9ly result f a well-tim$ removal ( ! que5 f su* colonies4 ,if su* removal becomes necess>y 9 ! spr+ or e>ly "p ( ! summ]1 a sup]num]>y que5 is !reby obta9$1 by means ( :i* an artificial colony may be />t$1 :i* w c]ta9ly be heal?y if ! bees & brood us$ be tak5 f heal?y colonies4 ,%\ld ! removal be made 9 ! latt] "p ( summ]1 ! useless production ( brood w at once be /opp$ & an unnecess>y consumption ( honey prev5t$4 ,?us1 9 ei!r case1 we are ga9]s by ! op]ation4 ,9 cases :]e ! disease assumes a m malignant "*--9 o!r words1 has got ahead1 ?r\gh n be+ nipp$ 9 ! bud1--x w be well to take notice ( ano!r quotation f ,mr4 ,lang/ro?'s book3--,9 ! spr+ or summ]1 :5 ! wea!r is f9e & pa/urage ab\nds1 ! foll[+ cure is recomm5d$ by a ,g]man api>ian3--',drive out ! bees into any clean1 hive1 & %ut !m up 9 a d>k place )\t food = tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 prep>e = !m a clean hive1 prop]ly fitt$ up ) comb f heal?y colonies2 transf] ! bees into x1 & conf9e !m two days long]1 fe$+ !m ) pure honey4' ,mr4 ,woodbury's api>y 0 sev]ely attack$ by ?is disease 9 ! spr+ & summ] ( #ahfc4 ,! writ] happ5$ to be on a visit to him at ?is juncture1 & witness$ him )draw+ infect$ combs f hives t 7 lit]ally masses ( corruption1 ! brood-cells ( :i*1 on be+ op5$ ) a po9t$ in/rum5t1 reveal$ ! d>k br[n slimy matt] be=e allud$ to1 & f :i* arose a mo/ unpleasant smell4 ,mr4 ,woodbury communicat$ to ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 ( ,july #ba1 #ahfc1 an exact & graphic acc\nt ( 8 mis=tunes1 head$ ,a ,dw9dl+ ,api>y4 ,f9d+ t ! removal ( ! putrid matt] mu/ be simultane\sly effect$ & ! bees driv5 out & plac$ 9 hives t _h und]gone a complete purification1 ,mr4 ,woodbury set ab\t endeav\r+ to accompli% 8 object1 & 0 s f> successful1 t he 0 able to furni% an article to ! be=e-nam$ j\rnal ( ,augu/ #d?1 "u ! m *e]ful title ( ,convalesc5t1 9 :i* he says3 ,fir/1 let me indorse ! op9ions bo? ( ,dzi]zon & ,ro!1 t1 except "u v especial circum/ances1 x is unadvisable to attempt ! cure ( a f\l-bre$+ /ock3 bett]1 f> bett]1 to consign its inhabitants to ! brim/one pit2 ! hive itself1 if a /raw "o1 to ! flames2 ! comb to ! melt+ pot2 & appropriate ! honey to any purpose1 except t ( fe$+ bees4 ,mr4 ,woodbury fur!r says3 ,be=e />t+1 x 0 requisite to insure ! transf] ( ! bees to unpollut$ hives2 & "h ,i f\nd t ,dzi]zon decl>es t e hive t has conta9$ a f\l-bre$+ colony %\ld be expos$ to ! sun & air = two ye>s be=e be+ re-/ock$4 ,9 my own case1 ?is 0 simply impossible1 & ,i !re=e adopt$ ! practice ( ano!r ,g]man writ] on ! subject1 viz41 to scrape out ! hive v c>efully1 wa% x all ov] ) a saturat$ solution ( *loride ( lime1 keep+ x closely %ut up = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & !n1 aft] ?or\ghly wa%+ x ) clean wat]1 expos+ x to ! sun & air until ! smell ( ! dis9fectant _h pass$ (f4 ,?is me?od has ! advantage ( enabl+ "o to use a wood5 hive aga9 aft] a lapse ( a c\ple ( days1 & is1 ,i believe1 ?or\ghly effectual4 ,mr4 ,woodbury !n captur$ ! que51 secur$ h] 9 a cage1 & plac$ h] 9 a clean empty hive2 all h] bees 7 bru%$ f _! combs into x z rapidly z possible1 9 ord] to prev5t _! c>ry+ mu* ( ! infect$ honey ) !m1 :il/ ! combs !mselves 7 set dra9+ out ( ! bees' rea*1 & consign$ z quickly z possible to ! melt+ pot4 ,aft] ! lapse ( ?ree or f\r days1 ! que5 7/ill imprison$7 & bees 7 aga9 transf]r$ to ano!r clean hive1 furni%$ ) a few pure combs1 & 9 ?is !y 7 suff]$ to rema91 _! que5 be+ releas$ 9 a day or two1 z soon z !y appe>$ cont5t$ly settl$4 ,mr4 ,woodbury gives ano!r important h9t t op]ations ( ?is k9d ) ta9t$ combs %\ld be p]=m$ out ( rea* ( robb]-bees f adjac5t hives1 le/ !y %\ld c>ry ! infection to _! respective h\ses4 ,by ! be=e-m5tion$ process1 ,mr4 ,woodbury succe$$ 9 completely extirpat+ f\l brood f 8 api>y 9 #ahfc1 & has _h no return ( x s9ce4 ,engli% api>ian writ]s h made s little allusion to ?is disord]1 t "s ( our old] bee-keep]s cont5d t mod]n hives & =eign bees h some?+ to d ) br++ x ab\t4 ,to %[ t ! disease made its appe>ance 9 =m] days1 !re is a *apt] on ?is subject 9 ,bonn]'s ,bee-,keep]'s ,companion1 publi%$ at ,b]wick1 9 #agih1 entitl$1 ,an uncommon ,disa/] :i* sometimes1 ?\gh r>ely1 happ5s to ,bees1 :i* ,mr4 ,woodbury quotes at l5g? 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture4 ,bonn]1 aft] rec\nt+ !re9 8 obs]vations ( ! dw9dl+ /ate ( 8 api>y = :i* he c\ld n acc\nt1 says3 ,he saw pla9ly t ! "y 7 all go+ backw>d 9 ! cells1 & t he look$ d[n betwe5 ! combs1 b 0 unable to proce$ = ! /5* t ! rott5 maggots produc$4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? writes t ,ari/otle speaks ( a disease :i* 0 accompani$ ) a disgu/+ smell1 s t !re is reason to believe t f\l brood 0 kn[n two ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,:5 we take into consid]ation h[ sorely our f>m]s are p]plex$ by ! cattle plague1 kn[n z ! r9d]pe/1 conc]n+ :i* s _m conflict+ op9ions exi/ 7& ! same may be said ( ! recomm5dations = its cure71 c we wond] t our little fav\rites %\ld occasionally be liable to disord]s ( ?is sort1 :i* puzzle ev5 exp]i5c$ bee-keep]s8 ,9 ! hope ( allay+ unnecess>y al>m1 we w\ld j add t f\l brood is n a v g5]al compla9t1 &1 s f> z our obs]vation ext5ds1 has be5 mo/ fatal 9 l>ge exp]im5tal api>ies1 :]e ext5sive propagation has necess>ily _h to be pu%$ =w>d4 ,) ! exp]i5ce & advice already ga9$1 ?is disord] may n[ be said to be depriv$ ( its t]rors4 ,,g5]al ,,rem>ks4 ,e bee-keep] %\ld be a book-keep]2 t is1 s f> z to h a p]man5t record ( ! ev5ts ( ! api>y & ! =tunes ( 8 bees4 ,a book simil> to a tradesman's j\rnal w\ld be v suitable = ! purpose4 ,9 x he %\ld note d[n ! date ( ! fir/ sw>m ( ! season especially1 & ^? ( ! o!r sw>ms also2 & 9 autumn1 ! quantity ( honey tak5 f ea* hive %\ld be ent]$1 ) rem>ks on ! probable size ( ! v>i\s /ocks4 ,^! p>ticul>s w n only be int]e/+ = ! bee-keep] to turn to 9 w9t]1 b w be ( practical s]vice 9 enabl+ him to "k ! exact age & probable /r5g? ( ea* /ock4 ,! bee-book may also be contriv$ to %[ ! total am\nt ( honey t ! bees h produc$ = _! own]1 & ! net money pr(it ( ! api>y4 ,a simple & cle> acc\nt l ?is--provid$1 by ! bye1 t x does %[ a satisfactory balance--w be v useful = induc+ cottag]s & f>m-lab\r]s to />t bee-keep+4 ,no?+ l ocul> demon/ration = ?is class4 ,! humane api>ian w reason ) !m 9 va91 until he %[s !m a mon/] skep ( honey1 & m5tions ! price t x w fet* 9 ! m>ket ,:5 conv9c$ t ! depriv+ sy/em w pay1 ! cottag] w gladly adopt x4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review gives ! foll[+ good advice3--,don't bore ! cottag] ) long lectures2 don't heap ^u him _m little books2 b give him a hive ( ! be/ con/ruction1 %[ him ! managem5t1 & !n buy 8 honey2 buy all he br+s1 ev5 ?\gh y %\ld h to give ! surplus to "s g>d5less wid[4 ,b only buy su* z comes f an improv$ hive--& y _c easily be deceiv$ 9 ?is1--"o :i* pres]ves ! bees & bett]s ! honey4 ,!n1 :5 y pay him1 y may read to him1 if y w1 ! wise rules ( old ,butl]1 exempli grati3-- ',if ?\ wilt h ! fav\r ( ?y bees t !y /+ !e n1 ?\ mu/ n be un*a/e or uncleanly2 ?\ mu/ n come among !m ) a /9k+ brea?1 caus$ ei!r ?\gh eat+ ( leeks1 onions1 or g>lic1 or by any o!r means1 ! noisom5ess :]e( is correct$ by a cup ( be]2 ?\ mu/ n be giv5 to surfeit+ or drunk5ness2 ?\ mu/ n come puff+ or bl[+ unto !m1 nei!r ha/ily /ir among !m1 nor viol5tly def5d ?yself :5 !y seem to ?reat5 !e2 b1 s(tly mov+ by1 ?y h& be=e ?y face1 g5tly put !m by2 &1 la/ly1 ?\ mu/ be no /rang] to !m4 ,9 a ^w 7or r 9 five words71 be *a/e1 sweet1 sob]1 quiet1 famili>2 s !y w love !e & "k !e f all o!rs4' ,allusion hav+ be5 made to ! pr(it t may be ga9$ by ! judici\s managem5t ( bees1 we w illu/rate t po9t by relat+ an anecdote ( a c]ta9 ,fr5* cur4#bh ,x is "o :i* may be sugge/ive to "s ( ! rural cl]gy 9 ?is c\ntry1 :o might almo/ z easily keep an api>y z !y d a g>d5 or an or*>d4 ,footnote #bh3 ,?is /ory1 9 a disguis$ =m1 or1 z ! writ] w\ld say1 an improv$ =m1 0 quot$ 9 ! ,cornhill ,magaz9e "s "t ago4 ,9 trans=m+ ! bee-keep+ cur into an ,engli% cl]gyman1 ! effect 0 clev]ly enhanc$1 especially z to ! dismay ( ! decor\s ,engli% prelate 9 he>+ t 8 poor bro!r 9 ! ,*ur* _h turn$ manufactur]2 b !n ! vraisemblance ( ! /ory1 z we h x1 0 de/roy$4 ,a good ,fr5* bi%op1 9 pay+ 8 annual visit to 8 cl]gy1 0 v mu* afflict$ by ! repres5tations !y made to him ( _! extreme pov]ty1 :i*1 inde$1 ! appe>ance ( _! h\ses & families corroborat$4 ,deplor+ ! sad /ate ( ?+s :i* _h r$uc$ !m to su* a condition1 he arriv$ at ! h\se ( a curate1 :o1 liv+ among/ a poor] set ( p>i%ion]s ?an any he _h yet visit$1 w\ld1 he fe>$1 be 9 a /ill m w(ul plight ?an ! re/4 ,contr>y1 h[ev]1 to 8 expectations1 he f\nd ! appe>ance ( ?is remote p>sonage to be sup]ior to ^? he _h already visit$4 ,ev]y?+ ab\t ! h\se wore ! aspect ( com=t & pl5ty4 ,! good bi%op 0 amaz$4 ,h[ is ?is1 my fri5d8 said he2 y are ! fir/ pa/or ,i h met ) hav+ a *e]ful face & a pl5tiful bo>d6 ,h y any income indep5d5t ( y\r cure8 ,yes1 sire1 said ! pa/or1 ,i h3 my family w\ld />ve on ! pittance ,i receive f ! poor p t ,i in/ruct4 ,if y w walk into ! g>d51 ,i w %[ y ! /ock t yields me su* excell5t int]e/4 ,on go+ into ! g>d51 he %[$ ! bi%op a long range ( bee-hives4 ,!re1 said he1 is ! bank f :i* ,i draw an annual divid5d1 & x is "o t nev] /ops paym5t4 ,8 h>ve/ ( honey enabl$ him almo/ to disp5se ) ! use ( sug>1 leav+ him a consid]able quantify = disposal 9 ! m>ket2 ( ! co>s] portions he made a tol]able sub/itute = w9e1 & ! sale ( ! wax ne>ly paid 8 %oemak]'s bill4 ,ev] aft]w>ds1 :5 any ( ! cl]gy compla9$ to ! bi%op ( pov]ty1 he w\ld say to !m1 ,keep bees6 keep bees6 ,9 ?is succ9ct advice--ext5d+ x to laity z well z cl]gy 9 rural di/ricts--we he>tily jo91 believ+ t 9 ?is c\ntry a t5-fold great] numb] ( hives might be successfully kept ?an are n[ e/abli%$4 ,9 a v practical s5se1 ! (t-repeat$ l9es ( ,gray are /rictly true3-- ,full _m a fl[] is born to blu% unse54 ,& wa/e its sweetness on ! des]t air4 ,an api>y 9 ! g>d5 ( e village cl]gyman w\ld af=d ! means ( economis+ ?is unclaim$ b\nty ( ,provid5ce4 ,an amus+1 in/ance ( ! fondness ( be>s = honey is relat$ by a ,muscovite ambassador to ,rome1 9 ! ,fem99e ,mon>*ie2 writt5 out ( ,exp]i5ce by ,*>les ,butl]4 ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,ye> #afji1--;a qua9t1 b s5sible "w3-- ,a neighb\r ( m9e 7sai? he71 9 se>*+ 9 ! woods = honey1 slipp$ d[n into a great holl[ tree1 & !re sunk into a lake ( honey up to ! brea/2 :]e--:5 he _h /uck fa/ two days1 call+ & cry+ out 9 va9 = help1 because nobody 9 ! mean:ile1 came nigh t solit>y place--at l5g?1 :5 he 0 out ( all hope ( life1 he 0 /rangely deliv]$ by ! means ( a great be>1 :i*1 com+ ?i!r ab\t ! same bus9ess t he did1 & smell+ ! honey1 /irr$ ) 8 /riv+1 clamb]$ up to ! top ( ! tree1 & !n began to l[] himself d[n backw>ds into x4 ,! man be?9k+ himself1 & kn[+ t ! wor/ 0 b dea?--:i* 9 t place he 0 sure (--beclipt ! be> fa/ ) bo? 8 h&s ab\t ! lo9s1 & )al made an outcry z l\d z he c\ld4 ,! be> be+ ?us sudd5ly affright$1 :at ) ! h&l+ & :at ) ! noise1 made-up aga9 ) all spe$ possible4 ,! man held1 & ! be> pull$1 until1 ) ma9 =ce1 he _h drawn him out ( ! mire2 & !n be+ let g1 away he trots1 m afe>$ ?an hurt1 leav+ ! sme>$ swa9 9 joyful fe>4 ,bees may be v inexp5sively & pr(itably kept 9 ! cottag]'s hive 7see page #hj71 :i* w be f\nd a v productive "o4 ,x is true t x has n ! appliances ( w9d[s & bell-glasses2 = ! cottag] is n suppos$ s mu* to c>e = 8 hives z a s\rce ( amusem5t2 8 object 9 bee-keep+ is simply ! pr(it x may br+4 ,= ^? ( our read]s :o wi% to h unit$ ! facility1 ( obs]v+ ! bees ) t ( ! pl5tiful production ( honey1 we w\ld especially recomm5d ! improv$ cottage hive1 describ$ at page #fi4 ,if incl9$ to g to a little fur!r exp5se1 ! hives describ$ at pages #ea1 #fb1 #gg1 & #hd1 all af=d con/ant opportunity = inspection ( ! bees1 & all[ ( _! work+ freely 9 ! mo/ natural mann]4 ,! ,/ew>ton hive 7page #aji7 is also a fav\rite ) ^? :o give ! pref]5ce to honey1 /or$ 9 boxes1 al?\gh ! opportunities = obs]vation are n s great z ) "s o!rs4 ,!re are few hobbies :i* co/ s little outlay z ! keep+ ( bees6 ,once ! plant ( hives is pur*as$1 !re is little1 if any1 additional exp5se1 & always a probability ( a fair return4 ,if honey be obta9able1 ! bees w f9d x2 !y "w = no?+1 & provide !mselves1 ) su/5ance1 requir+ only a v little lab\r f _! keep]s1 & t lab\r ( a pleas+ & in/ructive1 k9d4 ,to ! advanc$ & skilful api>ian we w\ld especially comm5d ! use ( ! b> & frame hives4 ,) ^!1 z we h attempt$ to %[1 ! bee-keep] has a full comm& ov] 8 hives & bees4 ,_m mi/akes1 x is true1 h be5 made by un9itiat$ bee-keep]s 9 us+ ! m elaborate hives4 ,be+ /ruck ) ! rem>kable facilities af=d$ by ^! sup]ior hives = ! extraction ( any "o comb1 &1 p]haps1 fasc9at$ ) _! easy sway ov] s highly-organiz$ a community1 ^! new-fangl$ bee-keep]s h acquir$ a habit ( p]petually & incauti\sly m$dl+ ) ! bees4 ,! inevitable results 9 su* cases are1 di/ress to ! bees1 impov]i%m5t ( ! /ocks1 & loss & vexation to ! ov]-zeal\s api>ian4 ,all ^! ?+s may be avoid$1 if x is rememb]$ t !re are fir/ /eps 9 bee-keep+1 z well z 9 *emi/ry1 croquet1 or cricket4 ,9 bee-keep+1 z 9 floriculture1 x is a great po9t to "k :5 to let well alone4 ,!re is no flori/1 h[ev] anxi\s = a prize1 :o w\ld be cont9ually pull+ up 8 plants to see h[ _! roots 7 gr[+4 ,d\btless1 ! full control :i* ! b>s & frames af=d ov] ! inmo/ recesses ( ! hives is a great temptation to ! bee-keep]2 b if he yields too readily to x1 he w imp]il 8 *ance ( pr(it & deprive himself ( t cont9u\s s\rce ( int]e/ :i* a judici\s api>ian always enjoys4 ,_m p]sons :o are well-in=m$ on mo/ subjects are extraord9>ily ignorant ( ! natural hi/ory ( bees & ! economy ( ! bee-hive4 ,p]haps we might v5ture to sugge/ t m pa9s %\ld be tak5 at s*ools1 or by p>5ts1 to in=m "y p]sons on ?is1 9 connexion ) k9dr$ subjects4 ,z an amus+ illu/ration ( ! ignorance ref]r$ to1 we transcribe an ord] we receiv$ a %ort "t s9ce f a sem9>y 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&4 ,! "y g5tleman ?us writes3--,ma/] ---- pres5ts 8 complim5ts to ,messrs4 ,neighb\r1 & begs !y w s5d him a sw>m ( bees2 he encloses six po/age /amps1 & hopes !y w s5d him a good sw>m4 ,?is embryo naturali/ 0 evid5tly ( a m]cantile turn1 & _h a m9d to buy 9 ! *eape/ m>ket1 = 9 a po/script he adds3--,please let x be f\rp5ce1 if y c6 ,we ne$ sc>cely say t1 9 reply1 we endeav\r$ to enlight5 our juv5ile correspond5t z to :at con/itut$ a sw>m ( bees1 & return$ ! /amps1 ) our ?anks4 ,mu* sup]/ition has exi/$1 &1 9 "s qu>t]s1 /ill exi/s1 among ! poor respect+ bees4 ,if a dea? occurs 9 ! family ( ! bee-own]1 ^! sup]/iti\s folk consid] x ne$ful to make ! bees aw>e ( ! b]eavem5t by wak+ !m2 t is1 by giv+ a few raps at ! entrance1 & audibly ann\nc+ ! circum/ance4 ,if ?is be n done1 no luck1 say !y1 w come ( ! bees ! foll[+ season4 ,la/ summ]1 ev5 ne> ! metropolis1 we he>d a cottag] bemoan+ to 8 neighb\r 8 bad luck ) 8 bees1 :5 ! o!r repli$1 ,ah6 no wond]2 y nev] 'wak$' y\r bees :5 y\r wife di$2 :at c y expect if y omit su* ne$ful duty8 ,9 _m p>ts ( ,france1 z well z "h1 x is a cu/om on su* occasions to put ! bees into m\rn+1 by plac+ black crape or "s su* mat]ial r\nd ! hives4 ,bees also receive intellig5ce :5 a m>riage or a *ri/5+ takes place3 9 ^! cases1 ! hives are drap$ ) r$ clo?4 ,9 fact1 x is consid]$ an ess5tial elem5t ( good luck to in=m ! bees ( any rem>kable circum/ance t occurs 9 ! family ( ! bee-keep]4 ,h[ w\ld ^! good p manage ) ! newly-import$ =eign bees1 = !y c h>dly be expect$ to h le>n$ our l+o8 ,?is difficulty is1 h[ev]1 n likely to be exp]i5c$1 = x is to be hop$ t intellig5t bee-keep]s d n believe 9 su* nons5se4 ,fancy a man 9 ?is n9ete5? c5tury h>angu+ 8 bees aft] ! above-m5tion$ fa%ion6 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? says t "s sup]/iti\s folk 9 ,am]ica ass]t t ! bees sometimes take ! loss ( _! ma/] s mu* to he>t z to alight ^u ! c(f9 :5ev] x is expos$4 ,a cl]gyman told him t he att5d$ a fun]al :]e1 z soon z ! c(f9 0 br\ght f ! h\se1 ! bees ga!r$ on x s mu* z to excite al>m4 ,"s ye>s aft] ?is occurr5ce1 be+ engag$ 9 v>ni%+ a table1 ! bees alight$ ^u x 9 su* numb]s z to conv9ce ! cl]gyman t love ( ! v>ni% on ! outside1 r ?an any respect = ! deceas$ )91 0 ! occasion ( _! conduct at ! fun]al4 ,mr4 ,lang/ro? adds3 ,h[ _m sup]/itions1 believ$ ev5 by intellig5t p]sons1 might be z easily expla9$1 if x 7 possible to asc]ta9 z fully all ! facts connect$ ) !m8 ,ano!r infatuation is1 t y %\ld on no acc\nt "p ) y\r bees = silv] money--only = gold4 ,?is is s f> s5sible1 t x ensures a respectable price4 ,c]ta9 cr$ul\s bee-keep]s _c1 on any acc\nt2 be induc$ to "p ) _! bees = money2 !y w b>t]1 b n sell1--to sell bees is1 9 _! view1 to lay !mselves op5 to evil =tune4 ,if ^! appreh5sions are correct1 our puni%m5t w be a sev]e "o1 = we h be5 great (f5d]s 9 t way1 & seem likely to g on s9n+4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to add t1 ) ! increase ( education1 su* sup]/itions & fancies are becom+ less & less1 & w soon1 x is hop$1 be rank$ among/ ! follies ( bygone days4 ,! culture ( bees w\ld be greatly promot$ if a k ( x 7 consid]$ necess>y z "o ( ! regul> qualifications ( a g>d5]4 ,s little "t is ne$$ to ga9 ! skill requisite = ! t5dance ( an api>y1 t x seems only reasonable to expect x ( a well-taught g>d5]1 & he %\ld feel a pleasure 9 ! circum/ance ( its =m+ a "p ( 8 duties4 ,9 ,g]many1 :]e a c\ntry g5tleman's table is kept con/antly suppli$ ) fre% honey1 ! g>d5]s are expect$ to und]/& ! managem5t ( hives2 & 9 ,bav>ia1 mod]n bee-culture is taught 9 ! colleges to all ! horticultural /ud5ts4 ,travell]s 9 ,switz]l& w call to m9d ! almo/ inv>iable practice ( plac+ new honey on ! breakfa/ tables at hotels 9 t c\ntry4 ,"s writ]s on bee-culture atta* mu* importance to ! p>ticul> position 9 :i* an api>y /&s1 & ! aspect t[>ds :i* x faces4 ,a s\!rn1 or r a s\?-ea/]n aspect1 is ! "o :i* we h already recomm5d$4 ,our reason = ?is pref]5ce is1 t we deem x v important = ! bees to h ! fir/ ( ! morn+ sun4 ,bees are e>ly ris]s1 & %\ld h e inducem5t giv5 !m = ! ma9t5ance ( s excell5t a practice4 ,a few ye>s s9ce1 _m /rong op9ions 7 express$ 9 fav\r ( a nor!rn aspect = hives4 ,! *ief reason giv5 = ^? op9ions1 ?\gh v plausible1 appe>s to u to be a v p>tial & inadequate "o4 ,x 0 said t1 :5 ! hives face ! s\?1 ! bees may1 l ! incauti\s swall[ 9 ! fable1 be tempt$ to fly abroad 9 ! transi5t w9t] sun%9e1 & !n p]i% 9 ! freez+ atmosph]e :5 a pass+ cl\d int]v5es4 ,b x is a v easy matt]1 if consid]$ ne$ful1 to scre5 ! entrance by fix+ up matt+ s z to int]cept ! rays ( ! sun4 ,at our own api>y we make no alt]ation 9 w9t]1 "u ! belief t ! bees w take c>e ( !mselves & t !y seldom v5ture out :5 ! wea!r is unsuitable4 ,) hives expos$ 9 ! op5 g>d51 x is a good practice to w9d hay-b&s r\nd !m 9 fro/y wea!r1 z su* a protection enables ! bees to resi/ ! cold4 ,:5 a ?aw occurs1 ev]y?+1 bo? 9 & out ( doors1 has a great deal ( dampness ab\t x4 ,! combs ( a hive are n exempt f ?is1 s t x is advisable to h slight upw>d v5tilation 9 w9t]4 ,holes ! size ( a p9's head all[ ( ! escape ( a good deal ( bad air1 :i* is g5]at$ by ! exhalations ( ! bees1 z well z by ! dampness be=e ref]r$ to4 ,^! holes1 be+ small1 d n create suffici5t draught ?r\gh ! hives to be p]nici\s2 if clos$ up by propolis1 !y are readily reop5$ ) a p94 ,) wood5 hives 9 w9t]1 a bell-glass is (t5 f\nd to be useful2 x %\ld be plac$ ov] ! hole 9 ! cr[n-bo>d1 ) a z9c tr\gh to receive ! cond5s$ moi/ure4 ,9 summ]1 bees d mu* t[>ds v5tilat+ _! own /ock-hives4 ,! obs]vant api>ian w n fail to rem>k h[1 on a w>m day1 sev]al ( ! little creatures w /& at ! entrance1 ) _! abdom5s sightly rais$ & _! tw9kl+ w+s 9 rapid motion1 produc+ a curr5t ( air inw>ds2 :ile ano!r set are engag$ 9 l mann]1 driv+ ! bad air out1 s t a supply ( pure oxyg5 is convey$ to ! cr[d$ inmates4 ,9 ?is fann+ op]ation _! w+s vibrate ) su* rapidity1 t _! %ape is z indi/9ct z are ! spokes ( a :eel :5 revolv+ 9 rapid c5trifugal motion4 ,?is important (fice entails great physical ex]tion on ! "p ( ! bees1 & !y relieve ea* o!r 9 deta*m5ts4 ,f9e colonies are sometimes de/roy$ by ! entrance-way becom+ /opp$ by "s imp$im5t or o!r1 & c>e is requisite to keep a wat*1 t s fatal a cata/rophe does n happ51 because ! bees 7unless :]e v ample v5tilation is giv571 excit$ by _! imprisonm5t1 make matt]s worse1 by rais+ ! temp]ature ( _! hive to su* a pit*1 t ! combs melt f _! f\ndations1 & ! bees !mselves are suffocat$1 pres5t+1 alas6 a mo/ w(ul spectacle to witness4 ,we give ?is h9t because1 hav+ ourselves suff]$ f a simil> cause :5 workm5 h be5 employ$ 9 ! vic9ity ( hives1 ^! g5tlem51 ?\ghtless ( ! welf>e ( ! bees1 b mo/ c>eful ( _! own conv5i5ce1 plac$ a piece ( wood across1 or o!rwise /opp$1 ! entrances1 to prev5t ! bees com+ out4 ,9 summ] wea!r a v %ort "t ( conf9em5t 9 a close hive suffices to complete ! "w ( desolation2 b %\ld ! bee-keep]'s att5tion be drawn to su* a /ate ( ?+s1 he mu/ imm$iately raise ! hive f its floor-bo>d1 & let ! poor bees h all ! air possible1 leav+ !m ?us expos$ = ! purpose ( af=d+ !m a *ance ( revival4 ,:5 bees are likely to incommode ^? ^: duties tempor>ily oblige !m to be ne> ! entrances1 x is bett] to move ! hives a few paces 7= less loss w be exp]i5c$71 or else let ! workm5 cov] _! faces ) net4 ,! =ego+ rem>ks m p>ticul>ly apply to ! summ] season4 ,9 w9t] or 9 ! spr+1 :5 ! wea!r is cool & ! bees are n s num]\s1 hives may be %ut up ev5 = a day or s )\t mu* v5tilation1 & b little h>m w arise !refrom4 ,:5 we s5d away /ocks or sw>ms1 we are always c>eful to pack !m s z to all[ ( a full curr5t ( air1 9 ord] t !y may travel ev5 9 ! hotte/ wea!r4 ,"s bee-keep]s f9d an adapt+-bo>d conv5i5t = plac+ und]nea? /raw sup]s1 z x facilitates _! removal4 ,^! bo>ds are made ( mahogany half an in* ?ick1 ) a hole 9 ! c5tre correspond+ ) t 9 ! /ock-hive4 ,we d n consid] x necess>y to fix cross /icks 9 ! /raw /ock-hives1 z is frequ5tly done2 b if ! api>ian pref]s to h 8 hives s furni%$1 !re is no s]i\s objection to x4 ,^! obs]vations ref] to our cottag]'s hive 7page #hj74 ,!re is ano!r little matt] ( detail t %\ld be nam$ "h2 t is1 ! necessity ( ! bee-keep] always hav+ a common hive 9 read9ess ne> ! bees1 s z to be able to secure any sw>m :i* may unexpect$ly />t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,"h our pleasant task mu/ close4 ,we tru/ t all in=mation has be5 giv5 t is ne$ful to enable ! practical bee-keep] to beg9 bus9ess & ! sci5tific api>ian to ext5d 8 obs]vations4 ,by way ( illu/rat+ ! two *>act]s comb9$1 we w quote ano!r simple idyll1 by ! ,g]man bee-keep]1 ,h]r ,braun1 ^: w9t] mus+s we h already pres5t$ to ! read]3-- ,,on ,,! ,,fir/ ,,flight ,,( ,,bees ,,9 ,,spr+4 ,f ! ,g]man ( ,adalb]t ,braun4 ,by ,a ,devon%ire ,bee-keep]4 ,h>k6 :at is s gaily humm+ ,9 ! little g>d5 !re8 ,h>k6 :at is s briskly :izz+ ,?r\gh ! /ill & sil5t air8 ,fri5d1 x is our bees--! d>l+s-- ,n[ enliv5'd by ! spr+2 ,yes1 ! w9t] is dep>t$1 ,& once m !y're on ! w+4 ,happy he1 :o w9t]'s p]ils ,all 8 /ocks br+s safely ?r\gh2 ,?ank ,him1 ( all good ! ,giv]-- ,fai?ful ,wat*man ,he1 & true4 ,( my own are none dep>t$1 ,all z yet unhurt rema92 ,?\gh no long] ri* 9 honey1 ,yet is spr+ return$ aga96 ,come1 & let u view !m ne>]-- ,ent] by ! g>d5 gate2-- ,s--/& /ill & wat* _! do+s-- ,light y\r pipe1 & pati5t wait4 ,see h[ busily !y trav]se ,to _! pa/urage & back1 ,t !y may by toil unwe>i$ ,save ! commonweal? f wrack4 ,look1 ,o look1 :at loads ( poll5 ,br+ !y 9 ) he$ful c>e4 ,nursl+s1 fe> n2 = y\r crav+s ,"h's suffici5t & to sp>e4 ,h[ !y d>t & h[ !y hurtle ,?r\gh ! g5ial balmy air6 ,to ! m\nta9s--to ! mead[s-- ',tis ! sc5t attracts !m !re4 ,!re !y dext]\sly rifle ,nect> f ea* fl['r 9 bloom4 ,toil !y = our honey-h>ve/1 ,= u fill ! honey-room4 ,yes1 our bees1 our d>l+ d>l+s1 ,we salute y all to-day2 ,= y\r life is our enjoym5t-- ,w9t]'s sleep has pass'd away4 ,grant prosp]ity1 ,o ,heav56 ,to ! new-born honey-ye>-- ,give ?y fav\r--give ?y bless+-- ,to ^! objects ( our c>e4 ,n[ let ea* att5tive gu>dian ,9 devot$ s]vice /rive ,= ! pr\d1 ! matron-mon>*-- ,sov'reign ( ! honey-hive4 ,s t we may le>n by wat*+ ,:o t 9 ! noon-tide glance1 ,or 9 midnight's d>ke/ mom5ts1 ,summons h] to ,hym5's dance4#bi ,ev'ry bee-hive calls = pati5ce1 ,:il/ great ,hall]'s lessons tea* ,)\t pati5ce ,nature's secrets ,none successfully c rea*4 ,t4 ,w4 ,woodbury1 ,m\nt ,rad=d1 ,exet]4 ,footnote #bi3 ,?is po9t _c n[ be consid]$ d\btful1 b x mu/ be rememb]$ t ,h]r ,braun's v]ses 7 writt5 tw5ty ye>s ago4 ,9 conclusion1 we w\ld rem9d all bee-keep]s :o e>ne/ly desire success1 & :o hope to draw pecuni>y pr(it f _! pursuit1 ( ! gold5 rule 9 bee-keep+3--,keep y\r /ocks /rong4 ,9 ex]cis+ ! assidu\s att5tion & p]sev]+ ef=t :i* t maxim enjo9s1 !y w n only be reg>d$ z1 bee-keep]s1 b1 z ,mr4 ,lang/ro? says1 w acquire a "r to ! title ( bee-ma/]s4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,,app5dix4 ,,te/imonials ,,( ,,! ,,press4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,great ,,exhibition1 #ahea4 ,! ,work+ ,api>y 9 ! ,great ,exhibition ( #ahea w long live 9 ! remembrance ( ! _m ?\s& visitors :o witness$ ) mu* int]e/ ! mat*less indu/ry ( its busy occupants4 ,we extract ! foll[+ f _m notices t appe>$ 9 ! public j\rnals relative !reto4 ,9 notic+ ! hives exhibit$ 9 ! ,cry/al ,palace1 ,i w\ld say1 fir/ & =emo/1 9 my op9ion1 /&s ,mr4 ,taylor's ,eight-b> ,hive & ,messrs4 ,neighb\r1 & ,son's ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive1 bo? exhibit$ by ,messrs4 ,neighb\r4--,j4 ,h4 ,payne1 see ,cottage ,g>d5]1 ,nos4 #afi1 #agj4 ,f ! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news4 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r's ,api>y consi/s ( a l>ge glass case1 ) p>ts ( ! sides cov]$ ) p]=at$ z9c = ! sake ( v5tilation4 ,?is api>y conta9s ?ree hives3 fir/1 ,neighb\r's ,v5tilat+ ,box-,hive1 conta9+ f #ae1fjj to #bj1jjj bees1 :i* 7 hiv$ on ! #cj? ( ,april ( ! pres5t ye>1 ! day be=e t ( ! op5+ ( ! ,great ,exhibition2 ,neighb\r's ,obs]vatory ,glass-,hive1 conta9+ ab\t ! same numb] z ! box-hive2 & a two-/ori$ squ>e box-hive1 ) slop+ ro(4 ,f ?is latt]1 h[ev]1 ! bees decamp$ )9 a week aft] !y _h be5 hiv$1 ow+ to "s di/urbance1 or p]haps to ! dislike tak5 by ! bees to _! new habitation4 ,! ,v5tilat+ ,box-,hive is 9 %ape squ>e1 hav+ w9d[s & %utt]s4 ,! entrance is at ! back1 enabl+ ! bees to g to ,k5s+ton ,g>d5s1 or o!r resorts1 :5 !y please4 ,above ! wood5 box is plac$ a bell-glass1 into :i* ! bees asc5d to "w ?r\gh a circul> op5+ 9 ! top ( ! squ>e box4 ,9 ! top ( ! bell-glass is an ap]ture1 ?r\gh :i* is ins]t$ a tubul> trunk ( p]=at$ z9c to take (f ! moi/ure f )94 ,! ,obs]vatory ,hive is ( glass1 ) a sup]ior cry/al comp>tm5t1 an op5+ be+ =m$ betwe5 ! two2 ! bees are at pres5t =m+ a comb 9 ?is upp] glass1 :i* af=ds a v int]e/+ sight1 z1 g5]ally speak+1 ! bees are 9 su* a clu/] :5 at "w1 t "o c sc>cely view _! ma!matically-=m$ cells4 ,a /raw cov] is susp5d$ ov] ! upp] comp>tm5t by a rope ov] a pulley1 :i* cov] is rais$ up by ! att5dant at pleasure4 ,! l>g] or bottom comp>tm5t re/s on a wood5 floor1 :i* has a circul> groove s9k+ !re9 to receive ! bell-glass4 ,a l&+ place project+1 z usual1 ) sunk5 way1 to enable ! bees to pass 9 & out ( _! habitation1 completes ?is contrivance4 ,9 addition to ,mr4 ,neighb\r's ,cry/al ,api>y1 he also exhibits a ,cottag]'s ,/raw ,hive1 ,taylor's ,amateur ,bee-,hive1 a ,glass ,hive1 ,nutt's ,pat5t ,collat]al ,hive1 ! ,ladies' ,obs]vatory ,hive1 ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive1 & ,payne's ,cottage ,hive4 ,! ,cottag]'s ,hive is simply t ( ! =m we f9d 9 use 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 :]e ! indu/ri\s cottag]s or _! wives1 by a little att5tion to _! int]e/+ little lab\r]s1 are enabl$ to add some?+ to _! usually scanty e>n+s4 ,?is k9d ( hive is usually made ( /raw1 re/+ on a circul> wood5 bo>d1 ) "p ( ! bo>d or floor project+ 9 front z a l&+-place = ! bees1 :i* ent] "u ! edge ( ! /raw by means ( a s9k+ 9 ! floor4 ,taylor's ,amateur's ,bee-,hive consi/s ( ?ree small squ>e boxes1 "o above ano!r1 ) a ro( ov] ! top /ory1 ! v5tilation be+ effect$ by p]=ations "u ! eaves2 ea* side ( e /ory has a w9d[ & %utt]4 ,! l&+-place is 9 front ( ! bottom /ory1 & ! entrance to ! hive is a long slit ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* high4 ,! ,glass ,hive1 or ,ladies' ,obs]vatory ,hive1 is simil> to t 9 :i* ! bees are at "w 9 ,mr4 ,neighb\r's ,api>y already m5tion$1 b on acc\nt ( ! numb] ( bees at "w !re91 & ! ext5t ( comb already effect$1 ! int]ior p]*es _c be se54 ,^! wood5 p]*es are arrang$ 9 p>allel l9es1 leav+ a space next ! glass all r\nd1 ! :ole be+ fram$ toge!r ) a b> at "r angles1 & re/+ on an upright support 9 ! middle4 ,! ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive ( ! same exhibitor consi/s ( a /raw circul> l[] comp>tm5t1 hav+ w9d[s & outside %utt]s4 ,a !rmomet] is plac$ j inside "o ( ! w9d[s4 ,! floor is ( wood1 ) a l&+-place & sunk5 way1 z already m5tion$ 9 "s ( ! o!r hives4 ,9 ! top1 :i* is also ( wood1 are ?ree circul> p]=ations1 ea* ( ab\t two in*es 9 diamet]1 above :i* are plac$ z _m bell-glasses4 ,!re is a small hole 9 ! top ( ea* ( ! glasses1 ?r\gh :i* a p]=at$ tubul> trunk is ins]t$ = ! sake ( tak+ (f ! moi/ure f ! int]ior ( ! hive4 ,)9 ! glass is a fe$+-tr\gh ( z9c1 circul> 9 %ape1 ) a float+ p]=at$ floor1 on :i* ! bees alight1 & 9 ! w9t] season regale !mselves ) ! honey :i* is f\nd 9 ! v>i\s p]=ations1 z x floats up to ! level ( ! honey conta9$ 9 ! small fill+-tr\gh1 ?r\gh :i* ! honey1 or be] & sug>1 is p\r$4 ,! glasses are cov]$ ) a /raw cap1 removable at pleasure4 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r's contributions are complet$ ) t9 p]=at$ fumigators1 by ! use ( :i* ! bees are /upefi$ = a :ile1 :5 requir$ to be mov$ f "o hive to ano!r1 & specim5s ( honey & honeycomb ( ! season #ahej4 ,f ! ,express4 ,bees & ,bee-,hives4--,9 ! ,nor?-,ea/ ,gall]y1 directly "u ! ,transept1 are arrang$1 by ,messrs4 ,neighb\r1 ( ,holborn1 sev]al descriptions ( bee-hives1 :i* x w be int]e/+ to _m ( our read]s to exam9e1 z ?is bran* ( rural economy is claim+ mu* g5]al & des]v$ att5tion ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,! novelty ( ^! hives consi/s 9 ! facilities t are af=d$ 9 tak+ !refrom1 at any "t ( ! ga!r+ season1 ! pure/ honey1 )\t de/roy+ or ev5 injur+ ! bees1 ?us humanely sup]s$+ ! b>b>\s & hateful sy/em ( murd]+ ^! int]e/+ insects to obta9 ! produce ( _! indu/ry4 ,imm$iately adjo9+ ! gr\p ( unt5ant$ bee-hives may be obs]v$ liv+ hives ) ! bees mo/ indu/ri\sly at "w4 ,^! useful little creatures h be5 highly hon\r$ by ! ,executive ,committee1 = ( all ! animal work]s t contribute to ! int]e/ ( ! ,exhibition1 !y alone are all[$ !re9 to display _! mat*less +5uity & skill4 ,by a simple contrivance1 ! bees are all[$ egress & +ress )\t 9 ! lea/ degree mole/+ ! visitors1 ?us enabl+ ! admir]s ( ! works ( nature to view ! :ole process ( =m+ ! cells & deposit+ ! honey !re94 ,)9 ^! few days1 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r h add$ to ! ,api>y a bee-hive con/ruct$ entirely ( glass1 protect$ by a cov] neatly made ( /raw1 b s contriv$ t on application to ! att5dant x c be remov$ in/antly1 ?us illu/rat+ m p>ticul>ly ! curi\s workman%ip ( ^! amus+ insects4 ,h] ,maje/y ! ,que5 & ! ,pr9ce ,consort1 ) ! ,royal ,*ildr51 7 "s "t engag$ 9 wat*+ ) deep int]e/ ! busy sc5e be=e !m1 & putt+ _m que/ions relat+ to ! habits & economy ( ! honey-bee4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,int]national ,,exhibition1 #ahfb4 ,f ! ,illu/rat$ ,london ,news1 ,augu/ #af1 #ahfb4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & in/ructive objects 9 ! ,exhibition is a transp>5t hive1 9 :i* ! bees may be se5 at full "w4 ,among ! collection ( bee-hives exhibit$ by ,messrs4 ,neighb\r & ,son1 is "o ( glass1 /ock$ ) a colony ( ,italian ,alp bees4 ,"h ! que5-bee may be se5 surr\nd$ by h] subjects1 :i* pay ! mo/ def]5tial att5tion to _! sov]eign4 ,?r\gh an ap]ture cut 9 ! wall1 ! busy ?rong ( bees are cont9ually pass+ & repass+4 ,!y g out at _! pleasure into ! op5 c\rt1 fly ov] ! annexe into ! gr\nds ( ! ,horticultural ,society & o!r adjac5t g>d5s1 & return lad5 ) sweets4 ,f ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 ,octob] #ba1 #ahfb4 ,g4 ,neighb\r1 & ,sons1 #adi1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 & #aag1 ,holborn1 ,no4 #baeg1 h a v h&some & complete /all1 on asc5d+ ! /eps ( :i* we f\nd a fl\ri%+ /ock ( ,ligurians1 app>5tly n at all a%am$ ( ! public position :i* !y occupi$1 & work+ vigor\sly 9 ! full light ( day4 ,! que51 "o ( ! l>ge/ & f9e/-col\r$ we h met )1 0 p]ambulat+ ! combs & receiv+ ! homage ( h] subjects1 /opp+ frequ5tly to deposit an egg 9 e empty cell4 ,! hive itself 0 a ,woodbury ,unicomb1 h&somely got up 9 mahogany1 inv5t$1 z its "n implies1 by our valu$ correspond5t1 ,a ,devon%ire ,bee-keep]1 ! con/ruction ( :i* w be readily und]/ood by an inspection ( ! engrav+ at page #ajb4 ,its di/9ctive features are ! adaptation ( ! movable-b> sy/em to unicomb-hives1 by :i* any colony 9 an api>y ( ,woodbury hives c be plac$ 9 ! unicomb-hive 9 a few m9utes1 & ! use ( outside v5etians1 or sun-bl9ds1 z !y are call$1 in/ead ( ! usual imp]vi\s %utt]s4 ,by ?is contrivance light is nev] exclud$1 s t :5 ! hive is op5 = inspection1 all its inmates cont9ue _! avocations ) _! accu/om$ regul>ity1 & a quiet & ord]ly sc5e is pres5t$ to ! spectator in/ead ( ! hubbub & confusion :i* ensues 9 ord9>y unicomb-hives4 ,on ! left-h& side ( ! unicomb hangs a beautifully-execut$ draw+ ( a ,ligurian que5-bee magnifi$1 toge!r ) ! que5-work] & drone ( ,apis ,ligu/ica1 ( ! natural size4 ,imm$iately "u ! draw+ is plac$ a squ>e glass sup]1 conta9+ ne>ly =ty p\nds ( ! f9e/ honeycomb4 ,on ! "r ( ! unicomb-hive is ano!r sup] ( ! same description1 conta9+ ne>ly ?irty p\nds ( ! pure/ honey4 ,^! sup]s are1 und\bt$ly1 by f> ! f9e/ 9 ! ,exhibition1 & are ! fir/ work$ 9 ,engl& by ,ligurian bees1 be+ f ! api>y ( ,a ,devon%ire ,bee-keep]4 ,9 addition to ^!1 ! mo/ /rik+ objects1 are %[n ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,s+le ,box & ,cottage ,hives1 ,taylor's ,b>-,hives1 ,woodbury ,frame & ,b>-hives1 ! new ,bottle-fe$]1 & bee app>atus ( e description4 ,x w be app>5t f ! =ego+1 t ,messrs4 ,neighb\r's /all is well wor? inspection1 al?\gh ! v>i\s novelties x conta9s appe> to h met ) b scant appreciation by ! ,jury1 :o m]ely aw>d$ to !m t hon\rable m5tion s lavi%ly accord$ to f> less des]v+ objects4 ,f ! ,illu/rat$ ,news ( ! ,_w ,septemb] #f1 #ahfb4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ & in/ructive objects is ! honey-bee at full "w 9 transp>5t hives4 ,9 ! ,int]national ,exhibition1 ,class #i1 ,ea/]n ,annexe1 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r & ,son ( ,holborn & ,reg5t ,/reet1 exhibit1 among/ a collection ( ! mo/ approv$ bee hives & app>atus1 a glass hive1 /ock$ ) a colony ( ,italian ,alp bees4 ,! hive is s con/ruct$ z to admit ( easily see+ ! que5 surr\nd$ by ! work+ bees4 ,contr>y to ! long-e/abli%$ notion t ! bees "w only 9 ! d>k1 ?is hive is completely op5 to broad daylight4 ,! bees d n manife/ ! lea/ dislike to ! exposure1 & !y are n discomfit$ :5 light is occasionally admitt$ = inspect+ !m4 ,x is obvi\s t a k ( ?is new feature mu/ t5d to a m g5]al acqua9tance ) ! habits & hidd5 my/]ies ( ! bee ?an has hi!rto be5 ! case4 ,! que5 may be se5 deposit+ ! eggs 9 ! cells2 9 ?is mann] %e goes on multiply+ ! species1 ! work+-bees surr\nd+ h]1 & pay+ ! mo/ def]5tial att5tion1 ) _! heads always t[>ds h]4 ,n ! lea/ int]e/+ "p is to wat* ! entrance2 facility is af=d$ = do+ s1 ! sunk5 way communicat+ ) ! hive be+ cov]$ ) a flat piece ( glass4 ,! busy ?rong pass & repass ?r\gh ! ap]ture cut 9 ! wall1 s t ! bees g out at _! pleasure into ! op5 c\rt1 fly ov] ! ,annexe into ! ,horticultural & o!r adjac5t g>d5s1 & return lad5 ) cry/al sweets ga!r$ f ! fl[]s4 ,! novelty ( be+ able to inspect liv+ bees1 & ^? ( a new v>iety1 z easily z goods 9 a %op w9d[1 w well repay ! tr\ble ( f9d+ ,messrs4 ,neighb\r's /&4 ,^! g5tlem5 w no d\bt *e]fully give any in=mation t may be requir$4 ,f ! ,g>d5]'s ,weekly ,magaz9e1 ,septemb] #a1 #ahfb1 ,conduct$ by ,%irley ,hibb]d1 ,esq41 ,f4,r4,h4,s4 ,neighb\r & ,son1 #adi1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 ,london 7#baeg74--,?is is ! mo/ important ( ! exhibitions 9 ?is dep>tm5t4 ,! bees at "w are 9 hives op5 to ! inspection ( visitors1 ! bees pass+ out ?r\gh tubes to ! op5 air1 & n be+ visible )9 ! build+1 except ?r\gh ! glass ( ! hives2 ,! collection ( hives ( all k9ds is complete & int]e/+1 & we subjo9 a figure ( ! /& 7see page #ajb7 to %[ h[ bees z well z hives may be exhibit$ conv5i5tly4 ,among/ ! v>i\s contrivances exhibit$ by ,messrs4 ,neighb\r1 ,nutt's ,collat]al ,hive has an important place1 & ?\gh v fancifully got up1 & !re=e v attractive to amateur bee-keep]s1 we mu/ make ! same objection to x z we h above to o!r =ms ( ! same f diff]5t mak]s4 ,! ,s+le-box ,hive1 ! ,taylor's ,%all[ ,eight-b> ,hive1 are ! be/ bee-boxes 9 ?is collection1 & e way admirable4 ,"h are no fancy v5tilators :i* ! bees w close up1 nor provok+ side boxes :i* !y w hesitate to ent]1 & f :i* x w be h>d to dislodge !m 9 ord] to get !m to w9t] 9 ! pavilion4 ,:oev] beg9s bee-keep+ ) ei!r ( ^! w h a fair *ance ( success4 ,! mo/ popul> ( ! hives is t call$ ! ,improv$ ,cottage4 ,its popul>ity1 no d\bt1 is due to ! compromise betwe5 wood & /raw :i* x accompli%es4 ,p _c get rid ( ! idea t a bee-hive mu/ be made ( /raw1 ?\gh x is a mat]ial s ill-adapt$ = union ( sw>ms1 sup]+1 & o!r op]ations ( advanc$ bee-culture4 ,! ,cottag]'s ,hive is well adapt$ = ^? api>ians :o are desir\s ( sett+ up _! poor] neighb\rs 9 ! way ( keep+ bees on ! improv$ sy/em4 ,x consi/s ( /ock-hive1 small sup]-hive1 & /raw cov]1 & is on ! pr9ciple ( ,payne's1 :i*1 has be5 mo/ successful among c\ntry-p :o h got s f> z to pref] keep+ to kill+ _! bees4 ,! ,woodbury ,b> & ,frame ,hive is a novel con/ruction1 comb9+ all ! be/ features ( ! be/ b> boxes1 & add+ "s new ones ( great value & importance4 ,we recomm5d e bee-keep] to become possess$ ( ?is admirable contrivance1 ) :i* ,mr4 ,woodbury has accompli%$ wond]ful ?+s 9 ! multiplication ( ! new race ( ,ligurian bees4 ,9 g5]al =m & proportions x resembles ,taylor's & ,tegetmei]'s boxes1 b 9 ! arrangem5t ( ! b>s x is unique4 ,! /ock-box is furni%$ ) t5 movable b>s & frames1 aft] ! ,g]man plan4 ,ea* b> has a projection runn+ along ! "u side2 ?is ridge is *os5 by ! bees = ! f\ndation ( combs1 r5d]+ guide-combs unnecess>y4 ,! sup]s h glass sides & eight b>s1 s t ! op]ator ne$ nev] be 9 d\bt :5 to add ano!r box above1 or take away ! h>ve/4 ,! ,unicomb1 or "o-comb obs]vatory hive1 is int5d$ solely = purposes ( obs]vation1 & ?\gh furni%$ ) doors to keep up a uni=m degree ( heat1 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r h f\nd 9 _! exp]i5ce at ! ,reg5t's ,p>k ,g>d5s & else:]e1 t ! bees manife/ no dislike to a cont9ual exposure to light4 ,z ?is elegant contrivance c be plac$ 9 ! w9d[ ( a draw+-room1 x is adapt$ to ! amusem5t & in/ruction ( ! family circle1 z well z to ! m s]i\s objects ( ! entomologi/ & sci5tific api>ian4 ,all t is necess>y is to connect ! outlet ) ! op5 air by means ( a l5g? ( tub+ or wood5 tunnel1 & ! bees pass 9 & out )\t obta9+ access to ! room1 & all ! my/]ies ( ! hive are op5 to daily obs]vation4 ,!re are num]\s o!r hives1 bee-fe$]s1 bee-arm\r1 c41 c41 :i* we h n space to notice1 b :i* we advise our api>ian fri5ds to inspect1 z ! collection ( ,messrs4 ,neighb\r illu/rates fully e dep>tm5t ( ?is int]e/+ subject4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,ba? ,,& ,,we/ ,,( ,,engl& ,,agricultural ,,%[ ,,at ,,exet]1 ,,9 ,,june1 #ahfc4 ,f ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture ,june #bc1 #ahfc4 ,a novel feature 9 ! ,exhibition ( ! ,ba? & ,we/ ( ,engl& ,agricultural ,society1 :i* took place at ,exet] li/ week1 0 ! /all ( ,messrs4 ,neighb\r & ,sons1 9 :i* 7 exhibit$ bees at "w 9 glass hives1 & api>ian appliances ( e description4 ,!re 7 two ,ligurian /ocks ( bees at full "w1 "o 9 a full-siz$ ,woodbury ,unicomb ,hive1 hav+ be5 br\ght f ,london ,= ! occasion1 & ! o!r a small] hive ( ! same description1 be+ f ! neighb\r+ api>y ( our valu$ correspond5t1 ,a ,devon%ire ,bee-keep]4 ,among/ ! hives exhibit$1 ! ,woodbury ,frame ,hive 9 /raw appe>$ bo? novel & good1 :il/ among/ ! app>atus1 artificial combs1 & ! /]eotyp$ plates = mak+ !m1 seem$ to u ! mo/ wor?y ( att5tion4 ,!re 0 a rem>kably curi\s specim5 ( artificial combs1 or p>tition wall1 p>tially fabricat$ into complete comb by ! bees1 :i* /ruck u z be+ well wor? exam9ation1 %[+1 z x did1 ! v>i\s /ages by :i* ?is trans=mation is effect$1 & be+ calculat$ to ?r[ light on ! problem z to ! mode 9 :i* bees con/ruct _! combs4 ,x is almo/ unnecess>y to /ate t ?is unique & in/ructive /all 0 cr[d$ ?r\gh\t ! week1 & we hope its f9ancial results 7 su* z w lead ,messrs4 ,neighb\r to cont9ue _! att5dance at ! ,society's meet+s4 ,f ! ,we/]n ,times ,exet]1 ,june #ab1 #ahfc4 ,= ! ,little ,busy ,bee4--,next to ! p\ltry t5ts1 & set back aga9/ ! y>d f5c+1 is ! exhibition ( ,messrs4 ,george ,neighb\r & ,sons1 #abg1 ,high ,holborn1 & #adi1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 ,london1 inv5tors & manufactur]s ( improv$ bee-hives = tak+ honey )\t ! de/ruction ( ! bees4 ,! savage kn[s :]e to f9d ! ne/ ( ! wild bee1 & h[ to get at 8 honey2 b all ! improvem5t ^u ! covet\sness ( ! savage made by ! long aft] ages ( ! _w to mod]n times1 0 to f9d ! means ( lur+ ! patt]n ( indu/ry to a conv5i5t ateli]1 :]e he might be m easily fir/ murd]$ & !n robb$4 ,_! habits e>ly attract$ ! att5tion ( "s ( ! be/ obs]v]s ( anci5t z well z mod]n times4 ,cic]o & ,pl9y tell ( ! philosoph] ,hyliscus quitt+ human society1 & retir+ to ! des]t to contemplate _! peaceful indu/ry4 ,! anci5t poet1 9 8 ,sic vos vobis1 pla9tively s+s ov] bee & bea/ liv+1 or r dy+1 n = !mselves1 b ! "l ( creation1 yet 0 x left to mod]n times--v mod]n times--to jo9 ! s5tim5t ( humanity to ! rapacity ( ! b>b>ian4 ,mr4 ,neighb\r has a v complete collection ( specim5s ( ! +5i\s & successful contrivances 9 ! con/ruction ( hives = ! d\ble object ( pres]v+ ! honey & ! life ( ! bee1 & also subsidi>ily ( promot+ its com=t dur+ its busy & useful life4 ,we are n all[$ to =get "h t we h resid+ 9 our city "o ( ! fir/ api>ians 9 ! k+dom--,mr4 ,?omas ,woodbury1 ( ,m\nt ,rad=d4 ,if ! bee-philosophy be 8 hobby1 we mu/ recollect t all great discov]ies & improvem5ts owe _! exi/5ce to m5 :o _h ! p[] & ! w to conc5trate _! faculties ^u a s+le object4 ,"o pro( ( 8 g5ius 9 ?is 8 fav\rite dep>tm5t ( action1 is se5 among ?is collection ( ,mr4 ,neighb\r's1 9 ! ,woodbury ,unicomb ,hive4 ,x might be1 :5 clos$ up1 = aught t appe>s1 a neat case ( books2 b on op5+ two doors ( ! ,v5etian bl9d patt]n1 back & front1 we see betwe5 ! glass walls ! insect city expos$ to view1 ) all ! population 9 action4 ,!re x may be se5 ,h[ skilfully %e builds h] cell2 ,h[ neat %e spreads h] wax2 ,& lab\rs h>d to /ore x well ,) ! sweet food %e makes4 ,"s ( ! hives are con/ruct$ *iefly = ! purpose ( promot+ a philosophic obs]vation ( ! bee's habits & me?ods ( proc$ure 9 8 wond]ful "w4 ,neighb\r's ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hive is a great novelty1 be+ con/ruct$ ) glass slides1 ! hidd5 my/]ies ( ! hive be+ expos$ to ! full light ( day4 ,hub]'s ,book or ,leaf ,hive is con/ruct$ to facilitate ! object ( ! sci5tific api>ian4 ,b ! class ( hives :i* w mo/ int]e/ ^? desir\s ( promot+ bee-keep+ among ! _m w be ^? = ! cottage4 ,!re c be no d\bt t _m a poor cottag] 9 ! c\ntry1 if he c\ld be made to see ! advantage x w\ld be to him1 & 7 taught ! mo/ economical & successful way ( manag+ ?is species ( live /ock1 w\ld add !reby some?+ consid]able to 8 small e>n+s 9 ! c\rse ( a summ]4 ,memb]s ( ,cottage ,g>d5 ,societies h turn$ _! att5tion to x v g5]ally2 b to get ! ?+ well afloat1 requires 9 e di/rict ! devotion ( "s e>ne/ en?usia/ :o w take up ! apo/olic rule ( action ,?is "o ?+ ,i d4 ,!re is ! ,no4 #e ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive1 9 :i* ?ree bell glasses are employ$1 enabl+ y to take a glass ( ! pure/ honey f ! hive 9 ! mo/ vigor\s p]iod ( ! season4 ,!n !re are o!r hives ( simpl] con/ruction & less exp5sive1 b all illu/rative ( ! s5tim5t ( humanity :i* seeks to pres]ve f wanton de/ruction ^? useful & int]e/+ auxili>ies to our luxury & com=t4 ,?is comp>atively unimportant /&1 9 po9t ( size1 _c b attract ! att5tion ( a l>ge numb] ( visitors1 especially ( ! ladies & ! cl]gy1 :o are desir\s ( promot+ ! cultivation ( ! bee among ! poor4 ,to height5 ! int]e/ = ! curi\s1 9 "o ( ,mr4 ,woodbury's hives ! bees are all alive & at x1 & = ^? :o are dispos$ to g fur!r into ! subject1 in=mation is available t\*+ ?is fa%ionable1 pr(itable1 & dome/icat$ memb] ( ! api>ian family1 ! ,ligurian or ,italian ,alp bee4 ,our old d>k-coat$ delv] is ?reat5$ ) sup]cession1 j z ! black rat 0 driv5 (f by ! ,norwegian invad]1 n[ 9 possession1--z ! old races ( cattle are be+ metamorphos$ 9 ! sleek1 %apely1 beef-be>+1 small-bon$ animals ( ! pres5t "t4 ,f ! ,devon ,weekly ,times ,june #ab1 #ahfc1 ,bees4--,messrs4 ,neighb\r ,sons1 ( ,london1 are exhibitors ( two ,woodbury ,unicomb ,hives1 %[+ ! royal & common bees 9 full "w4 ,^! hives are v +5i\sly con/ruct$1 & 7 inv5t$ by ,mr4 ,t4 ,woodbury1 ( ,m\nt ,rad=d4 ,among o!r api>ian attractions1 we may m5tion ! improv$ ,cottage & ,cottag]'s ,hives1 :i* are well wor?y ! notice ( ^? = :om !y are design$1 & ! ,ladies' ,obs]vatory ,hive4 ,! ,messrs4 ,neighb\r also exhibit ,ligurian bees4 ,f ,woolm]'s ,exet] ,gazette ,june #ab1 #ahfc4 ,improv$ ,bee-,hives4--,at a /& ne> ! p\ltry t5ts are exhibit$ ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,bee-hives = ! tak+ ( honey )\t ! de/ruction ( bees4 ,! hives are /ock$ ) ! fam\s ,ligurian bee4 ,! ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hive is con/ruct$ ) glass sides1 s t ! :ole ( ! movem5ts ( ! ,api>ian colony are visible1 includ+ ! proce$+s ( ! que5 & h] c\rt4 ,?is & "s ( ! o!r descriptions ( hives manufactur$ by ,messrs4 ,neighb\r are inv5t$ by ,t4 ,w4 ,woodbury1 ,esq4 ,!y are furni%$ ) movable b>s1 aft] ! ,g]man fa%ion4 ,ea* b> has a projection along ! und]side2 ?is ridge be+ wax$1 induces ! bees to build p>allel combs1 ?us obviat+ ! necessity = a guide-comb4 ,?is description ( hive is be/ suit$ = ! ,ligurian or ,italian ,alp bee4 ,/ocks ( ?is species1 n[ s mu* 9 repute1 may be obta9$ ( ,messrs4 ,neighb\r1 #adi1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 ,london4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,royal ,,agricultural ,,%[1 ,,newca/le1 #ahfd4 ,f ! ,nor!rn ,daily ,express ,july #bb 7publi%$ at ,newca/le74 ,a ,model ,factory4--,/& #aid4--;,g4 ,neighb\r & ,sons1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 & ,high ,holborn1 ,london4 ,we h he>d ( model f>ms & model lodg+-h\ses = ! work+ classes1 b x 0 res]v$ = ! ,royal ,agricultural ,society's ,meet+ 9 #ahfd to introduce to our notice a model factory1 :]e we may see repres5tatives ( ! work+ classes busily engag$ 9 _! daily avocations4 ,! /& :i* we h quot$ above may af=d fruitful /udy to su* philan?ropi/s z ! ,e>l ( ,%aftesbury1 :o make x _! b5evol5t aim to elevate ! masses1 & ! lesson "h giv5 f actual life w n be lo/ ^u work+ m5 !mselves4 ,!re are sev]al /rik+ features wor?y ( notice 9 ! model factory4 ,we c cle>ly p]ceive t x has be5 e/abli%$ on a pr9ciple :i* is ess5tial to ! success ( any great conc]n--namely1 ! pr9ciple ( a good und]/&+ among/ ! op]atives !mselves1 & betwe5 !m & ! head ( ! e/abli%m5t4 ,:at /rikes u 9 ?is model factory is ! unity ( action :i* reigns ?r\gh\t4 ,!re is no jo/l+ ( rival int]e/s1 & no misund]/&+s or cross purposes4 ,! op]atives 9 ?is e/abli%m5t are s num]\s t we "q if any "o has z yet be5 able to c\nt _! numb]1 & yet all seem to be work+ 9 p]fect h>mony1 _! jo9t lab\r cont9ually lead+ to "o beautiful & sublime result4 ,ano!r feature specially noticeable 9 ! e/abli%m5t 9 "q is ! pr9ciple ( subord9ation4 ,s+ul> to say1 t :ile ! op]atives are males#cj1 ! =eman ( ?is model factory is a female2 b t circum/ance ne$ n %ock ! s5sibilities ( our fair fri5ds any m ?an x ought to (f5d ! prejudices ( ! /]n] sex1 inasmu* z ! mighty empire ( ,great ,brita9 is rul$ by ! g5tle h& ( a female2 & moreov]1 9 ! "o case z 9 ! o!r1 ! presid+ g5ius1 amid all h] (ficial c>es & duties1 takes c>e to pres]ve ! mode/y ( h] sex4 ,%e nev] 9 ! slighte/ degree obtrudes h]self ne$lessly on public obs]vation1 & probably on t v acc\nt ! respect %[n to h] by h] subjects is ! m pr(\nd & devot$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o p>ticul> 9 :i* we w\ld take leave to demur to ! idea ( ?is factory be+ 9 e respect reg>d$ z a model4 ,we h n be5 able to discov] t !re is any p>ticul> p]iod ( ! day 9 :i* ! op]atives are all[$ to take refre%m5ts4 ,we1 9 ,engl&1 h be5 accu/om$ to reg>d ! d9n]-h\r some:at 9 ! light ( a sacr$ in/itution4 ,& if ! ,c\ncil ( ! ,royal ,agricultural ,society mean to set ?is up z a model in/itution1 we are ( op9ion t "s explanation on ?is po9t is desirable4 ,inde$1 we h n be5 able to discov] t ! op]atives 9 ?is e/abli%m5t take any refre%m5t :atev]4 ,if !y d1 x mu/ be on ! sly1 vulg>ly speak+4 ,!re is "o peculi>ity1 h[ev]1 :i* mu/ t5d to popul>ize ?is in/itution1 & :i* has s5s$ to make x "o ( ! mo/ attractive objects on ! %[ gr\nd4 ,x is ! fa%ion 9 all ! great factories :i* ab\nd on ! banks ( ! ,tyne & ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry g5]ally to act on ! pr9ciple ( exclusiv5ess to a v great ext5t1 & p]haps wisely s4 ,z y approa* ! door y see an intimation ,9 legible *>act]s1 ,no admission except on bus9ess4 ,?is may be v prop]1 b x is r tantalis+4 ,9 ! model factory :i* we are n[ describ+ all ! op]ations are op5 to inspection4 ,e action is pat5t to ! eye ( ! spectator4 ,?is has be5 effect$ by a skilful contrivance1 & x is ?is contrivance1 9 fact1 :i* has entitl$ ! inv5tor to obta9 a place 9 ! %[ gr\nd = 8 model factory1 :i* he describes by ! some:at ambigu\s t]m a new implem5t4 ,b our read]s may wi% to le>n :at is ! /aple manufacture ( ?is wond]ful work%op4 ,we reply--honey4 ,! factory we speak ( is no?+ m nor less ?an a bee-hive2 or1 to quote f ! catalogue1 ,an ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,bee-hive1 ) liv+ ,italian ,alp9e bees at full "w2 x 0 inv5t$ by ,t4 ,w4 ,woodbury1 ( ,exet]1 & is improv$ & manufactur$ by ! exhibitors4 ,z impli$ by its "n1 ?is hive has "o comb1 s t bo? sides are fully expos$ to ! light ( day1 ?us all[+ ( an easy inspection ( ! que5-bee1 surr\nd$ by h] ret9ue4 ,footnote #cj3 ,! report] 0 9 error z to ! sex ( ! work]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,bees ,,& ,,bee-,,hives ,,at ,,! ,,royal ,,agricultural ,,society',s ,,meet+ ,,at ,,plym\?4 ,f ! ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture ,augu/ #bb1 #ahfe4 ,liv+ bees at "w are always attractive1 n only to bee-keep]s1 b to ! g5]al public4 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r & ,sons' exhibition =m$ no exception to ?is g5]al rule1 = _! /& 0 at all times d5sely cr[d$4 ,! *ief object ( int]e/ 0 ! ,woodbury ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hive1 9 :i* 0 a /ock ( ,ligurian bees1 ) a v f9e que5 surr\nd$ by h] yell[ ,italian subjects4 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r also exhibit$ a squ>e ,woodbury glass hive /ock$ ) ,engli% bees1 9 :i* ! position ( ! b>s & frames1 ) bees & combs1 c\ld be v di/9ctly se54 ,bo? ^! colonies 7 br\ght f ,mr4 ,a4 ,neighb\r's api>y1 ne> ,london4 ,! bees obta9$ egress & +ress by means ( a cov]$ way ne>ly ?ree feet long1 :i* appe>$ b little to inconv5i5ce !m1 :il/1 be+ cov]$ ) glass1 x add$ n a little to ! int]e/ ) :i* !y 7 obs]v$4 ,9 ! wall ( ! %$ 7 small ap]tures1 ) alight+-bo>ds fix$ on ! outside1 & al?\gh ! public pass$ 9 cr[ds be=e ^! unprotect$ entrances1 no "o 0 /ung1 nor 7 ! bees !mselves int]f]$ ) or mole/$--a w>n+ notice app5d$ to ! outside be+ univ]sally att5d$ to1 & a respectful di/ance ma9ta9$4 ,among/ ,messrs4 ,neighb\r's collection 7 ! ,woodbury ,/raw ,b>-&-,frame1 ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,cottage1 ! ,ladies' ,obs]vatory1 ,cottag]'s1 & _m l[-pric$ /raw hives on ! improv$ sy/em4 ,! impress$ wax %eets1 ) specim5s ( combs p>tially work$ !refrom1 7 int]e/+ & curi\s4 ,! bottle-fe$]1 bee-dresses1 india-rubb] gloves1 & o!r api>ian appliances also receiv$1 & 7 wor?y (1 mu* att5tion4 ,by way ( illu/rat+ ! fruits ( ! honey-h>ve/ ( ! pres5t ye>1 ,messrs4 ,neighb\r _h a squ>e sup] ( f9e :ite honeycomb f ! api>y ( our e/eem$ correspond5t1 ,mr4 ,woodbury1 & an octagon glass sup] f our valu$ contributor1 ,mr4 ,s4 ,bevan ,fox1 bo? ( :i* admirable specim5s 7 mo/ highly comm5d$4 ,illu/ration ,,index4 ,a4 ,acclimatis+ bees #bac1 #bdi ,adapt+-bo>d #if1 #afb1 #ahc ,age ( bees #aj1 #aa ,anatomy ( bees 7,plates ,i & a71 description ( #ca ,anecdotes (1 #bdj1 #bdb1 #bde1 #bdf ,ang] ( bees #adi1 #afc1 #aij ,ant5n 7,plate ,i7 #ch ---- act z a b>omet] #ci ,api>y1 be/ "t to set up an #ba ---- ext]ior & int]ior ( an #ach1 #aci ,artificial sw>m+ #afi1 #ahb ---- "t = #aga ,artificial comb #aeg ,aspect #fd1 #bdh ,au/ralia1 s5d+ bees to #bac ,b4 ,baby-bee1 cradle ( #af ---- em]g+ f ! cell #ag ,b>1 improv$ #ij ,b> & frame-hives #hd ---- manipulation ( #ae ---- advantages ( #afh1 #agd1 #agh ---- *ang+ aft] w9t] #agh ---- recomm5d$ #bdc ,bee-dress or protector #bg1 #aae1 #adh1 #agj ---- necessity = #adi1 #afe ,bee-decoy1 to attract sw>ms #be ,bees live 9 society #c ---- lesson to man #aa ---- "y #ag ---- clu/] outside hives #bc ---- peaceful :il/ sw>m+ #bg ---- %\ld n be f$ 9 w9t] #ada ---- tempt$ to rob #adj ---- r$uc$ size ( #afh ---- at ! ,int]national ,exhibition ( #ahfb #bac ---- brea?1 human1 obnoxi\s to #adi1 #aij ---- artificial sc5t ditto #aij ,bee-keep+ 9 ,london #bae ---- ,zoological & ,horticultural ,g>d5s #bba ,bee-keep+1 pr(it aris+ f #bci ,bee-hives 7mod]n73-- ,hub]'s book or leaf hive #aah ,neighb\r's cottag]'s3-- ,description ( #hj ,neighb\r's improv$ cottage3-- ,description ( #fh ,c>e necess>y to keep a good /ore ( food #ge ,neighb\r's improv$ cottage )\t w9d[3-- ,description ( #gf ,neighb\r's unicomb obs]vatory3-- ,description & application ( #ih ,exhibit$ 9 ,p>is1 #ahee #aja ,prize m$al #aja ,neighb\r's s+le-box3-- ,description ( & directions = #fc ,keep glass w>m #fe ,nutt's collat]al3-- ,description ( #ea ,tak+ surplus honey #eh ,/ew>ton hive3-- ,description ( #aji ,directions = managem5t #aab ,nadir box1 value ( #aag ,extra boxes requir$ #aah ,taylor's improv$ cottage3-- ,description ( #if ,taylor's amateur's eight-b> wood3-- ,description ( #fe ,/& = ditto #fg ,taylor's eight-b> /raw #if ,woodbury b> & frame3-- ,description ( #hd ,/raw ditto #he ,glass ditto #hh ,special advantages ( /raw #hf ,orig9 ( #hf ,manipulation ) #aeg ,sup] #ic ,putt+ on #afb ,woodbury ,unicomb3-- ,con/ruction ( #ajb ,modes ( t5ant+ #ajf1 #ajg ,h[ transf]r$ to box-hive #ajh ,bee-h\ses1 advantage ( #abc ---- engrav+s ( h\ses to conta9 twelve hives #abf1 #abg ---- object ( col\r+ alight+-bo>ds #abf ---- loss ( que5s #abg ,bee-h\se to conta9 n9e hives1 engrav+ #abh ,bell-glasses #acc ,bottle-fe$] #adj ---- directions = us+ #adb ,brea?+ ( bees #dc ,brood1 royal #i1 #age1 #agi ---- wire cov] = 7engrav+ (7 #age ,c4 ,cells1 contract$ size ( #afh ,cells1 royal1 see ,brood4 ,*ang+ old /ocks to new hives n to be attempt$ by inexp]i5c$ #ahb ---- old hives into humane ones #ahc ---- old /ocks to frame-hives #ahd ,classes = :om bee-keep+ has int]e/ #a ,combs1 value ( #aeb ---- mu/ n be j>r$ #adi ---- h[ fix$ 9 frames #afj ---- ensur+ regul>ity ( #fg1 #ij1 #aeb1 #afa1 7note7 #ahd ---- artificial1 description ( #aea ---- h[ fix$ 9 frames #afj ,comp\nd b>-frame #ia ,cottag]s1 way to conv9ce1 ( ! humane sy/em #aci ,cov] = squ>e hives #fg1 #ee ---- = r\nd hives #ha1 #aca1 #acb ,cr[n-bo>d #cd1 #hg ,d4 ,dampness 9 hives 9 w9t] injuri\s #ge1 #hf1 #adh ,depriv+ sy/em1 special advantages ( #ai1 #hb ,diseases ( bees #bca ,divid+ hives1 reason :y !y d n answ] #agc ,driv+ bees1 directions = #agi ,drone1 description ( #aa ,drones1 massacre ( #ad ,dys5t]y #bae1 #bcb ,e4 ,eggs ( bees 7,plate #b1 fig4 #g7 #af ---- h[ made into que5s #ae ---- position 9 ! hive #af ---- "t hat*+ #ag ,engrav$ press+ roll] #aej ,entrance to hives #eb1 #gd1 #hf ---- /opp$1 dang] !refrom #bej ,epitaph on brim/on$ bees #bj ,evans1 poet ( ! bees 7note on7 #d ---- 'poetry (1' #g1 #aa1 #ab1 #bc1 #bd1 #adb ,ev5+ ?\ghts 9 ,janu>y #abi ,f4 ,fe$+ #ed1 #fd1 #ge1 #gi1 #adj1 #adc ,feet ( bees #db ,food necess>y 7note7 #adj ,f\l brood #bcb ,frames #hi ---- %\ld hang true #ia ---- h[ kept p]p5dicul> #ia ---- manipulation ) #aeg ,fr5* bi%op1 anecdote ( #bdj ,fructify+ fl[]s1 bees useful = #aid ,fumigator box #ade ---- tube #adg ,g4 ,g>d5]s ought to be bee-keep]s #bdg ,g5]al rem>ks #bch ,glasses1 bell #acc1 #aed ---- mu/ be kept w>m #fe ,guide-comb = glasses #ace ---- = b>s #fh1 #ig ---- note #afa ,h4 ,hive %\ld be ready = sw>m #bg1 #ga1 #bej ,hives1 see ,bee-hives4 ,he>+ ( bees1 s5se ( #ch ,honey-bag 7,plate ,,ii1 figs4 #a & #b7 #dd ---- way to dra9 f comb #bcj ---- cutt]s #ade ---- dew #aii ,human brea? obnoxi\s #adg ,hub] 7,francis71 life ( #aba ,i4 ,improv$ cottage-hive #fh ---- comb-b> #ij ,impress$ wax %eets #aea ,impregnation ( que5 #f1 #ac ,increase ( bees #ah ,india-rubb] gloves #bg1 #adi1 #aei ,insects1 cleans+ hives f #abe ,int]*ange ( combs = /r5g!n+ weak hives #ib1 #afh ,italian ,alp ,bee 7,plate ,i1 figs4 #a1 #b1 #c71 n all ( !m yell[ #cc ---- description ( #bjj ---- ,g]man bee-keep]'s op9ion #bjc ---- great honey-collect+ p[]s #bjc ---- ,h]mann's book on #bje ---- introduction into ,engl& #bjc ---- importation ( que5s unsuccessful 9 _m in/ances #bjf ---- plan ( unit+ =eign que5s to ,engli% /ocks 7note7 #bjg ,j4 ,j\rnal ( ,horticulture1 #bjh1 #bag ,k4 ,keep+ bell-glasses w>m #fe ---- boxes #aaf ,l4 ,legs ( bees #dj ,ligurian honey-bee1 see ,italian ,bee4 ,loyalty ( bees #e1 #ii1 #ajd ,m4 ,mort> n necess>y = clos+ crevices #hb ,mo?s1 h[ to prev5t #bbh ,n4 ,neglect ( bee-keep+ #a ,neighb\r's hives1 see ,bee-hives4 ,new bottle-fe$] #adj ,numb] ( eggs 9 ! season #e ,nutt's hive1 see ,bee-hives ,nutt1 ,?os4 7! late7 #fj ,o4 ,ornam5tal z9c cov] #aca ,p4 ,pa/urage = bees #aig ---- honey yield+ fl[]s #aih ---- wild fl[]s be/ #aii ,poison ( /+ #dh ,poll51 food = infant-bees #aic ---- h[ collect$ #aic1 #aid ---- bru% 7,plate ,i1 fig4 #a1 #b;b47 ---- basket1 #b;b991 description ( #da ,putt+ 9 sup]-hives & bell-glasses1 #ef1 #fd1 #fe1 #gb1 #gi1 #ha1 #hc1 #aaj1 #aac ,propolis1 or bees' cem5t #aie ,q4 ,que5 7,plate ,i1 fig4 #a71 description ( #d ---- movem5ts (1 lay+ eggs #e ,que51 m>riage day #g1 #ac1 #agg ---- atta*m5t ( bees to #g ---- disrespect until f]tile #h ---- jeal\sy ( h] rivals #h1 #age ---- dismay ( bees at loss ( #i ---- rais$ f work] #aj ---- longevity ( #aj ---- old "o goes ) fir/ sw>m #bb ---- leaves ! hive only 9 f9e wea!r #bc ---- 9 sup]-hives #ei1 #hc ---- loss ( #i1 #abg1 #agd ,r4 ,roll]1 engrav$ press+ #aej ,robb]-bees #adj ,royal brood #i1 #age ,s4 ,spiracles #da ,spr+1 good "t to comm5ce bee-keep+ #ba ,spr9kl+ bees #adf1 #afe ,/&s = hives-- ---- engrav+s #fb1 #fi ---- = ,nutt's #hd ---- ,woodbury #ed1 #id ---- ,/ew>ton hive1 see ,bee-hives4 ,/+ ( work]-bee1 7,plate ,,ii1 fig4 #d7 #df1 #ahi ---- que5 #e1 #h ,/ocks1 v5tilat$ = travell+ #bea ---- :y call$ s #afb ---- be/ kept /rong #ai1 #eg1 #aag ,/oma* 7,plate ,,ii1 figs1 #a & #b hh7 #dd1 #de ,sup]s1 glass #acc1 #acd1 #ace ---- /raw #ha ---- = ,woodbury hives1 engrav+ #ic1 #afb ,sup]/itions #bde ,sw>m+1 usual "t ( ye> = #ba ---- cause ( #bb ---- agitation be=e #bc ---- usual "t ( day = #bd ---- desirable to prev5t #cj1 #ef ---- consequ5ce ( a second flight ( #bf ---- h[ to hive #bh1 #ga ---- means ( prev5t+ second flight #bf ---- two sometimes dep>t f _! respective hives at same "t1 & m+le #bg ---- c>e to prev5t loss ( #bf ---- "t = remov+ #bh ---- c>e to be ex]cis$ ) #ec1 #fd1 #ga ---- fir/ mo/ valuable #bi ---- second1 cause ( #bi ---- h[ to re/ore #cj ---- premonitory symptoms ( #bi ,t4 ,tak+ honey #eh1 #gc1 #aae1 #afc ,taylor's hives1 see ,bee-hives #ba ,?omson's ,seasons1 extract f #ba ,?orax 7,plate ,,ii1 fig4 #a7 #dj ,u4 ,unicomb hives #f1 #ag1 #ig1 #ajb ,v4 ,v5tilation #ea1 #ga1 #gc1 #abd1 #bdi ,w4 ,wasps1 h[ to prev5t ! increase ( #bbc ---- attack ( #bbe ,wat] ess5tial #bjj ,weigh+ hives1 importance ( #ahe ---- engrav+ ( ,salt]'s spr+ balance #ahf ,wildman #bae ---- m>vell\s feats ( #bag ,woodbury hives1 see ,bee-hives4 ---- sup]1 see ,sup]s4 ,work]-bee1 description ( #ae ---- numb] 9 a hive #ae1 #bh ,z4 ,z9c cov]s #aca1 #acb ,,neighb\r',s ,,improv$ ,,bee-,,hives1 ,,= ,,tak+ ,,honey ,,)\t ,,! ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,bees4 ,illu/ration ,,draw+s ,,& ,,detail$ ,,li/s ,,=w>d$ ,,on ,,receipt ,,( ,,two ,,po/age ,,/amps4 s4 d4 #a4 ,nutt's ,collat]al ,bee-,hive #e #e #j ,/& = ditto1 #afs4 #b4 ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,s+le-box ,hive #c #c #j ,/& = ditto1 #ajs4 #f;d4 #c4 ,taylor's ,%all[-box or ,eight-b> ,hive1 complete ) cov] #c #aj #j ,/& = ditto1 #ajs4 #f;d4 #e4 ,neighb\r's ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive #a #ae #j ,/& = ditto1 #ajs4 #f;d4 #f4 ,an ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive1 )\t w9d[s #a #h #j #g4 ,! ,ladies' ,obs]vatory or ,cry/al ,hive1 complete #b #e #j #h4 ,! ,cottag]'s ,hive #j #aj #f #i #aj4 ,bee-,fe$]s ea* #es4 & #j #d #j #aa #ab4 ,fumigators ea* #bs4 & #j #b #f #ac4 ,honey ,cutt]s p] pair #j #e #j #ad4 ,taylor's ,improv$ ,cottage ,hive #a #a #j ,) ,/&1 #a4 #ajs4 #ae4 ,f\nta9 ,bee-,fe$] #j #f #j #ah4 ,taylor's ,eight-b> ,/raw ,hive1 complete #b #ab #j ,/ock ,hive1 only #aes4 #ai4 ,hub]'s ,book or ,leaf ,hive #b #e #j #bj4 ,neighb\r's ,unicomb ,obs]vatory ,hive #c #c #j #de4 ,woodbury ,/raw ,b> & ,frame ,hive 7,/ock ,hive7 #a #e #j #df4 ,woodbury ,unicomb ,hive #f #aj #j ,/&1 #bds4 #dg4 ,common ,cottag]s' ,hive #j #e #f #dh4 ,woodbury ,b> & ,frame ,hive1 complete1 ) outside cov] & sup] #c #aj #j ,/& = ditto1 #ajs4 #f;d4 #ej4 ,/ew>ton ,hive #a #a #j ,floor-bo>ds = ditto1 #cs4 #bd4 ,taylor's ,glasses #gs4 & #j #d #f ,payne's ,ditto #j #c #j #be4 ,bell ,glass #j #d #j #bf4 #j #b #j #bg4 #j #a #j #bh4 )\t knob & flat top to put on ! table inv]t$1 ) lid #j #d #f #bi4 ,z9c ,cov] ea* #ajs4 & #j #ae #j #cj4 ,%all[ ,glasses 7new %ape7 ea* #es4 #f;d4 & #j #c #f #ca4 ,bee ,dress & ,protector #fs41 by po/ #j #g #d #cg4 ,z9c ,cov] #a #a #j #ch4 ,ornam5tal ditto #b #e #j #ci4 ,bee-,h\se to conta9 ,two ,hives #d #d #j #dj4 ,twelve ,hives #ae4 & #ai #aj #j #dd4 ,bottle-,fe$] #j #b #f #dh4 ,engrav$ ,press+ ,roll] #j #g #f #di4 ,impress$ ,wax ,%eets or ,artificial ,combs1 p] doz5 #j #f #j #ej4 ,india-rubb] ,gloves p] pair #j #e #f 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib] ,note ,! ,app5dix ends on page #bga4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,index :i* beg9s two pages aft]w>d />t at page #bfi4 ,!re=e1 ! ,index 0 r5umb]$ />t+ at #bgc4 ,! item numb]s = ! ,price ,li/ at ! end ( ! book are n 9 num]ical ord] & !re are "s repeat$ numb]s4 ,no attempt 0 made to correct ?is4 ,on page #add1 ! ^w bee-keep] 9 ! fir/ l9e ( ,,z9c ,,f\nta9 ,,bee-,,fe$] 0 *ang$ to bee-fe$]4