,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,und]scores 80 be=e & aft] a ^w or phrase indicate italics 9 ! orig9al text4 ,equal signs 80 be=e & aft] a ^w or phrase indicate bold 9 ! orig9al text4 ,illu/rations h be5 mov$ s !y d n break up p>agraphs4 ,typographical & punctuation errors h be5 sil5tly correct$4 ,army ,pulse ,radiation ,facility ,illu/ration ,cont5ts ,page ,no4 ,! ,concept #c ,! ,facility #e ,! ,reactor #g ,exposure ,locations & ,p]=mance ,levels #aa ,,aprf ,us] ,support ,facilities #ag ,in/ructions to ,pot5tial ,us]s #bj ,table ,i4 ,,aprfr ,core ,design ,data #h ,table ,,ii4 ,typical ,,aprfr ,p]=mance ,levels #h ,table ,,iii4 ,,aprfr ,flu5ce & ,flux ,data #ac ,table ,,iv4 ,nom9al ,,aprfr ,leakage & ,u#bce ,fission ,spectra #ac ,table ,v4 ,flu5ce-to-,dose ,conv]sion ,factors = ,,aprfr ,leakage ,neutrons #ad ,table ,,vi4 ,k]ma & ,k]ma ,rate 9 ,tissue = ,,aprfr ,exposure ,conditions #ad ,table ,,vii4 ,k]ma & ,k]ma ,rate 9 ,silicon = ,,aprfr ,exposure ,conditions #ae ,table ,,viii4 ,neutron-to-,gamma ,dose ,ratios #ae ,table ,,ix4 ,,aprf ,us] ,support ,equipm5t #ah ,army ,pulse ,radiation ,facility ,u4,s4 ,army ,balli/ic ,rese>* ,laboratories ,,amxrd-,,btd ,ab]de5 ,prov+ ,gr\nd1 ,m>yl& #bajje ,illu/ration3 ,army ,pulse ,radiation ,facility ,location ,map ,illu/ration ,! ,concept ,! ,army ,pulse ,radiation ,facility 7,,aprf7 is design$ to meet an ,army ne$ = a facility locat$ ne> ! ,ea/]n ,seabo>d capable ( provid+ l>ge fa/ neutron & gamma radiation doses )9 microseconds4 ,?is fa/ pulse radiation capability is necess>y = ! det]m9ation ( transi5t responses ( mat]iel 9 nucle> environm5ts4 ,! ,,aprf increases ,army capability by provid+ improv$ simulation ( radiative effects ( a nucle> bur/ = /udies ( ,army int]e/1 & provides a facility = te/+ ,army mat]iel4 ,because ( its location1 ! ,,aprf economically & effici5tly s]ves ! heavy conc5tration ( ,army ag5cies & contractors locat$ along ! ,ea/]n ,seabo>d4 ,! design ( ! ,,aprf is a direct outgr[? ( project$ us] requirem5ts4 ,?us ! reactor c be us$ bo? = high dose irradiations ( small objects1 z a po9t s\rce = radiation detector /udies1 & irradiation ( bulk objects4 ,! =m] requirem5t l$ to ! incorporation ( a #a-;in* ,,od 8glory hole0 runn+ ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! core1 & provid+ a fa/ neutron flu5ce ( ab\t #i #aj neutrons p] squ>e c5timet] p] pulse4 ,! latt] two requirem5ts h result$ 9 ! design ( a l>ge volume1 l[-radiation backscatt] ,reactor ,build+4 ,provision is made = mov+ ! reactor bo? )9 ! ,reactor ,build+ & to an outdoor te/ site at heights v>iable up to #dd feet above gr\nd by means ( a me*anical device call$ ! reactor transport]4 ,! reactor is also capable ( int]mitt5t /eady /ate op]ation 9 ! kil[att range = classes ( exp]im5ts requir+ ?is mode ( op]ation4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,! ,facility ,! ,,aprf is locat$ on ! milit>y res]vation ( ,ab]de5 ,prov+ ,gr\nd 7,,apg71 9 s\!a/]n ,h>=d ,c\nty1 ,m>yl&4 ,! ,reactor ,build+ is at ! c5t] ( ! facility4 ,?is build+ is a w9d[less1 circul> /ructure ) alum9um sid+4 ,inside1 ! build+ is #ajj feet 9 diamet] & #fe feet high4 ,!re is a roll-up door 9 ! s\? wall = ! passage ( ! reactor transport] to ! outdoor te/ site & ano!r 9 ! we/ wall = ! access ( vehicles to ! build+4 ,a %ield$ /airway & maze provides access f ! und]gr\nd ,control ,build+4 ,?is concrete /ructure provides radiological %ield+ = ! p]sonnel & controls associat$ ) ! op]ation ( ! reactor & ! conduct ( exp]im5ts4 ,! area )9 a #dej-y>d radius ( ! ,reactor ,build+ con/itutes ! ,,aprf high-radiation area def9$ by a #aj-;foot anti-p]sonnel f5ce4 ,?is high-radiation area is 9 turn surr\nd$ by a ne>ly conc5tric re/rict$ area def9$ at its out] b\nd>y by a b>b$ wire w>n+ f5ce at a radius ( #aejj y>ds f ! ,reactor ,build+4 ,! ,laboratory ,build+1 locat$ at ! p]iph]y ( ! re/rict$ area1 h\ses ! adm9i/rative & support p]sonnel = ! ,,aprf4 ,access to ,,aprf is controll$ at ?is po9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,aprf ,reactor ,core ,assembly ,illu/ration ,! ,reactor ,! reactor1 7,,aprfr71 is design$ = bo? self-limit$1 sup]-prompt-critical pulse op]ation & /eady /ate op]ation4 ,! maximum available pulse has a yield ( #b4a #aj fissions1 :ile /eady /ate op]ation is limit$ to ab\t #aj kil[atts by ! reactor core cool+ sy/em & activation ( ! core4 ,illu/ration3 ,high ,yield ,prompt ,pulse ,%ape ,! ,,aprfr is an advanc$ v]sion ( ! ,heal? ,physics ,rese>* ,reactor 7,,hprr7 at ,oak ,ridge ,national ,laboratory 7,,ornl71 :i* has be5 op]at+ s9ce #aifb4 ,,ornl has play$ a key role 9 ! design & te/+ ( ! ,,aprfr4 ,9 pulse op]ation1 ! p[] level may rise on p]iods z %ort z #aj microseconds4 ,electro-me*anical scram sy/ems are too sl[ to t]m9ate su* an excursion4 ,%utd[n results f increas$ neutron leakage due to fuel expansion1 result+ 9 a l>ge prompt negative temp]ature coeffici5t ( reactivity4 ,?is self-limit+ feature dep5ds almo/ entirely on ! !rmal expansion ( ! fuel alloy1 & ?us x is reg>d$ z completely reliable & safe4 ,foll[+ a pulse1 additional reactor %utd[n capability is provid$ by a safety block :i*1 :5 eject$ f ! core1 r$uces ! reactivity to ab\t #bj doll>s bel[ delay$-critical4 ,at l[] yield pulses1 bel[ ab\t #f #aj fissions1 ! safety block is eject$ by ! electro-me*anical scram sy/em 9 ab\t #j4a seconds aft] a pulse4 ,at high] yield pulses1 ! safety block is eject$ 9 mu* %ort] times due to !rmo-me*anical %ock =ces :i* cause ! safety block to b\nce out4 ,! l>ge %utd[n m>g9 provid$ by ! safety block is also ! prim>y design device = prev5t+ accid5tal criticalities dur+ p]iods ( reactor %utd[n4 ,! ,,aprfr core is an unmod]at$ cyl9drical assembly conta9+ ab\t #abe kilograms ( an alloy ( uranium #bce conta9+ #aj molybd5um4 ,! actual core mass v>ies ) ! exp]im5t4 ,! core is cyl9drical & consi/s ( two conc5tric annuli3 a fix$ out] %ell ( /ack$ fuel discs bolt$ toge!r ) n9e fuel bolts & ,inconel nuts & a movable inn] safety block1 also ( fuel alloy4 ,! #a-;in* ,,od 8glory hole0 runs v]tically ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! safety block4 ,key reactor data is summ>iz$ 9 ,tables ,i & ,,ii4 ,! ,,aprfr has be5 op]at$ dur+ te/s at ,,ornl at m ?an twice its design yield4 ,table ,i4 ,,aprfr ,core ,design ,data ,core ,diamet] #h4ij in*es ,core ,height#a #h4j in*es ,fuel ,alloy #ij wt uranium - #aj wt molybd5um ,uranium-#bce ,enri*m5t #ic4ad ,total ,fuel ,mass#b #abe ,safety ,block ,mass #ae4g kg ,safety ,block ,height #h4jf in*es ,safety ,block ,diamet] #d4jj in*es ,glory ,hole ,diamet] #a4ej in*es ,numb] ( ,control ,rods ,?ree ,core ,cool+ ,=c$ ,air ,numb] ( ,core ,bolts ,n9e ,safety ,block ,reactivity ,wor? #bj ,pulse ,rod ,reactivity ,wor? #a4ae ,core ,environm5t ,dur+ ,pulse ,dry ,nitrog5 ,core ,cool+ ,=c$ ,air #a ,?is value v>ies ) exp]im5tal environm5t ( core4 #b ,?is value v>ies ) exp]im5tal environm5t ( core4 ,table ,,ii4 ,typical ,,aprfr ,p]=mance ,levels ,,pulse ,,mode ,r\t9e ,yield #a4e #aj fissions_/pulse ,reactivity ,ins]tion #a4aj ,pulse ,half-,wid? #dh sec ,initial ,prompt ,p]iod #ah sec ,maximum ,fuel ,temp]ature ,rise #djj;,c ,temp]ature ,coeffici5t -#j4c c5ts_/,c ,maximum ,available ,yield #b4a #aj fissions_/pulse ,,/eady ,,/ate ,,mode ,cont9u\s ,op]ation #a kw ,int]mitt5t ,op]ation #aj kw ,/eady /ate p[] levels are limit$ by effectiv5ess ( core cool+ sy/em & core activation4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,aprf ,floor ,plan ,exposure ,locations & ,p]=mance ,levels ,! highe/ flu5ce & dose rates are available 9 ! #a-;in* glory hole4 ,s9ce ! reactor is support$ f above by ! transport]1 ! areas ar\nd & bel[ ! core are also available = exp]im5ts4 ,! core c be position$ by remote control any:]e )9 ! range ( travel ( ! transport]4 ,v]tical travel is limit$ to ab\t #dd feet above ! ,reactor ,build+ floor level4 ,horizontal travel is limit$ by ! range ( ! rails on :i* ! transport] travels4 ,six pairs ( rails ext5d radially f a turntable 9 ! c5t] ( ! ,reactor ,build+4 ,^! rails t]m9ate )9 ! ,reactor ,build+1 except = "o pair :i* ext5ds #ij feet outside ! build+ to an outdoor te/ site4 ,ea* pair ( rails def9es "o exp]im5tal location :]e semi-p]man5t equipm5t & %ield+ c be set up )\t ty+ up ! entire reactor op]ation4 ,flu5ce & flux data = ?ree typical exposure locations are giv5 9 ,table ,,iii4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( reflect+ mat]ial beyond #a met] f core c5t] 7position ,p#c71 ^! values fall (f ess5tially z #a ---- ,r :]e ,r is ! di/ance to core c5t]4 ,o!r p]=mance data are summ>iz$ 9 ,tables ,,iv ?r\gh ,,viii4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,table ,,iii4 ,,aprfr ,flu5ce & ,flux ,data ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,r\t9e ,pulse ,yield ,maximum ,pulse ,yield #a4e #aj ,fissions #b4a #aj ,fissions ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,flu5ce1 n_/cm ,p#ac #f4g #aj #i4c #aj ,p#b #b4j #aj #b4h #aj ,p#c #a4g #aj #b4d #aj ,flux ,d5sity1 n_/cm_/sec ,p#a #a4d #aj #b4j #aj ,p#b #d4c #aj #f4j #aj ,p#c #c4g #aj #e4b #aj #c ,p#a3 ,c5t] ( ,glory ,hole2 ,p#b3 ,core ,surface 7#aa4c cm f ,core ,c5t]72 ,p#c3 #a met] f ,core ,c5t]4 ,table ,,iv4 ,nom9al ,,aprfr ,leakage & ,u#bce ,fission ,spectra#d ---------------------------------------- ---------------- ,en]gy ,av]age ,,aprfr ,u#bce ,fission ,gr\p ,en]gy ,en]gy ,spectrum ,spectrum ,numb] ,range ,e ,fraction ,fraction n 7,mev7 7,mev7 ,x,e ,x,e ---------------------------------------- ---------------- #a #c4j- #d4da #j4acc #j4bjd #b #a4d-c4j #b4aj #j4bea #j4cdd #c #j4i-a4d #a4ad #j4afd #j4afh #d #j4d-j4i #j4fe #j4bfb #j4ahj #e #j4a-j4d #j4bf #j4afh #j4jij #f #j-j4a #j4jei #j4jbb #j4jad ------------------- ,,sum #a4jjj #a4jjj ------------------- ,mean ,en]gy 7,mev7 #a4ee #a4h #d ,^! values are approximate & meant = qualitative comp>ison only4 ,table ,v4 ,flu5ce-to-,dose ,conv]sion ,factors = ,,aprfr ,leakage ,neutrons ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,mat]ial ,quantity ,conv]sion ,factor ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,tissue ,k]ma #b4d #aj erg_/gram ----------- neutron_/cm ,tissue ,maximum ,absorb$ ,dose ,= #c4e #aj rad ----------- neutron_/cm ,normally ,incid5t ,neutrons ,silicon ,ela/ic ,recoil ,k]ma #b4g #aj erg_/gram 7,p]man5t ,effect7 ----------- neutron_/cm ,silicon ,ionization ,k]ma #b4i #aj erg_/gram 7,transi5t ,effects7 ----------- neutron_/cm ,silicon 7,total7 ,k]ma #e4f #aj erg_/gram ----------- neutron_/cm ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,table ,,vi4 ,k]ma & ,k]ma ,rate 9 ,tissue = ,,aprfr ,exposure ,conditions ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,r\t9e ,pulse ,yield ,maximum ,pulse ,yield #a4e #aj ,fissions #b4a #aj ,fissions ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,k]ma 9 ,tissue 7ergs_/gm7 ,p#ae #a4f #aj #b4b #aj ,p#b #d4i #aj #f4h #aj ,p#c #d4a #aj #e4g #aj ,k]ma ,rate 9 ,tissue 7ergs_/gm_/sec7 ,p#a #c4e #aj #d4g #aj ,p#b #a4a #aj #a4e #aj ,p#c #h4h #aj #a4b #aj #e ,p#a3 ,c5t] ( ,glory ,hole2 ,p#b3 ,core ,surface2 ,p#c3 #a ,met] f ,core ,c5t]4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,table ,,vii4 ,k]ma & ,k]ma ,rate 9 ,silicon = ,,aprfr ,exposure ,conditions ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,r\t9e ,pulse ,yield ,maximum ,pulse ,yield #a4e #aj ,fissions #b4a #aj ,fissions ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,total ,k]ma 9 ,silicon1 ergs_/gm#f ,p#ag #b4g #aj #e4b #aj ,p#b #a4a #aj #a4f #aj ,p#c #i4e #aj #ac4c #aj ,total ,k]ma ,rate 9 ,silicon1 7ergs_/gm_/sec7 ,p#a #e4h #aj #aa4j #aj ,p#b #b4d #aj #c4e #aj ,p#c #b4j #aj #b4i #aj #f ,ionization & ela/ic recoil processes contribute r\ghly equal am\nts to ! total k]ma4 #g ,p#a3 ,c5t] ( ,glory ,hole2 ,p#b3 ,core ,surface2 ,p#c3 #a ,met] f ,core ,c5t]4 ,table ,,viii4 ,neutron-to-,gamma ,dose ,ratios#h ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- neutron rads tissue n_/cm_/sec ------------------- ----------------- gamma rads tissue gamma rads tissue ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,core ,c5t] 7,p#a7 #aj #b4g #aj ,core ,surface 7,p#b7 #aj #b4g #aj #a ,met] f ,core ,c5t] 7,p#c7 #i #c4c #aj #aj ,met]s f ,core ,c5t] #g #b4e #aj #h ,repres5tative data4 ,actual values influ5c$ by core op]at+ hi/ory4 ,illu/ration3 ,cross ,section ( ,reactor ,build+ ,,aprf ,us] ,support ,facilities ,,aprf is design$ & /aff$ to assi/ its us]s 9 all key areas relat+ to reactor utilization4 ,physical ,space ,sev]al areas 9 ! und]gr\nd ,control ,build+ are available to exp]im5t]s4 ,^! include ! trail] tunnel ) room = two full-siz$ trail]s1 ! data acquisition room1 & ! in/rum5t %op4 ,all ( ^! areas are provid$ ) conduits s t cables c be run directly to !m f ! ,reactor ,build+4 ,9 ! trail] tunnel ! m9imum cable l5g? requir$ to run to ! core surface is ab\t #cj feet4 ,! exposure areas 9 ! ,reactor ,build+ & ! outdoor te/ site are equipp$ ) conduits = communication & in/rum5tation cables4 ,available areas 9 ! ,laboratory ,build+ include a high-bay set up area1 a ma*9e %op1 laboratory space1 fume hood ) remote manipulator1 photography laboratory1 & (fices4 ,data ,acquisition & ,process+ ,! basic elem5t "h is ! ,,aprf ,data ,acquisition ,sy/em describ$ 9 ,table ,,ix4 ,v>i\s o!r in/rum5tation is available z summ>iz$ 9 ,table ,,ix4 ,data process+ is available at ! ,,ardc comput] c5t] & ) on-l9e equipm5t at ,,aprf4 ,dosimetry ,r\t9e dosimetry is p]=m$ by ,,aprf p]sonnel4 ,me?ods available include flu5ce & spectrum measurem5ts us+ foil te*niques1 glass rod microdosimetry1 !rmolum9esc5ce1 & div]se active dosimet]s4 ,foils are analyz$ us+ ! ,,aprf ,automatic ,dosimetry ,sy/em & data are available )9 a %ort "t foll[+ exposure4 ,measurem5ts are supplem5t$ by analytical me?ods includ+ "o & two dim5sional transport !ory1 ,monte ,c>lo1 & special foil analysis codes4 ,/aff ,! ,,aprf /aff is available to guide1 plan & set up exp]im5ts at ! reactor1 p]=m dosimetry1 & assi/ 9 data acquisition4 ,,aprf p>ticipation is det]m9$ on a case-by-case basis4 ,heal? ,physics ,heal? physics survey1 monitor+1 decontam9ation & relat$ s]vices are available 9 conjunction ) ! ,,brl ,heal? ,physics ,division4 ,table ,,ix4 ,,aprf ,us] ,support ,equipm5t ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,transi5t ,data ,record+ ,sy/em ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,,tape ,,record]s3 ,?ree ea*--#ad track ,honeywell ,model #gfjj ,,frequ5cy3 ,,dc to #hj k,hz ,,fm1 #djj ,hz to #gjj k,hz ,direct ,,signal ,univ]sal ,/ra9 gauge & !rmoc\ple ) ,,condition+3 #ajj ,,kc ,,dc amplifi]s ,,"t ,,code3 ,,irig ,a1 #a millisecond resolution ,,pat* ,,panels3 ,coaxial & triaxial connectors = all inputs & outputs1 insulat$ %ields4 ,,auto ,,calibration3 #ej *annel1 #c /ep ,,*annel ,,id3 ,automatic ,,id 9 b9>y code ,,playback3 #ab0 oscillograph ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,dosimetry ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,basic ,foil ,calibration ,sy/em #ejjj ,curie ,co-#fj s\rce ,automat$ ,sulfur1 ,fission ,foil & ,gamma ,well ,c\nt+ ,sy/em1 #ajj ,samples ea* p] cycle ,eight *annel active dosimet] sy/em ) digital read out & comput] analysis ( neutron flu5ce & en]gy ,to%iba ,glass ,rod & ,h>%aw ,,tld ,gamma ,sy/em ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,comput] ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- #af bit_/#af,k memory ) =egr\nd_/backgr\nd op]ation4 ,automatic acquisition & r$uction ( foil c\nt+ data on-l9e4 ,on-l9e monitor+ ( reactor p[] pulse ) analysis ( peak1 half-wid? & yield4 ,on-l9e monitor+ ( active dosimet]s ) data r$uction4 ,real "t_/,=tran ,,iv4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,g5]al ,equipm5t ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- #ccjj ,nucle> ,data ,multip>amet] ,analyz]1 #djif *annel ) magnetic tape2 ,,ridl #djj ,*annel ,pulse ,height ,analyz]4 ,oscilloscopes1 cam]as1 electronic calibration equipm5t4 ,hood areas ) manipulators1 photographic laboratory1 radiation monitor+ equipm5t & s]vices1 ma*9e %op4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,in/ructions ,to ,pot5tial ,us]s ,x is imp]ative to realize t !re are /r+5t safety requirem5ts connect$ ) ! use ( ! ,,aprfr4 ,all exp]im5ts w foll[ a writt5 te/ plan approv$ at ,,aprf4 ,9 ord] to p]=m an exp]im5t ) maximum usefulness & effici5cy1 x is ess5tial t ,,aprf be contact$ dur+ ! e>ly plann+ /ages ( a pot5tial exp]im5t4 ,failure to d ?is may result 9 errone\s exp]im5t plann+ z reg>ds safety & use ( exposure space result+ 9 s*$ule delays1 & possibly cancellation or dra/ic revision ( ! exp]im5t4 ,= fur!r in=mation contact3 ,comm&+ ,(fic] ,u4,s4 ,army ,balli/ic ,rese>* ,laboratories ,,attn3 ,,amxrd-,,btd1 ,facility ,coord9ator ,ab]de5 ,prov+ ,gr\nd1 ,m>yl& #bajje