,a ,guide to ,! ,ca!dral ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e 9 ! ,city ( ,new ,york4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,nor? ,,elevation ,,( ,,! ,,ca!dral 7,f ,ar*itect's ,design7 ,a ,guide to ! ,ca!dral ,*ur* ( ,sa9t ,john ! ,div9e 9 ! ,city ( ,new ,york by ,edw>d ,hagaman ,hall1 ,l4 ,h4 ,d4 ,new ,york ,! ,laym5's ,club ( ! ,ca!dral #aibd ,fif? ,edition4 ,copyright1 #aibj1 #aiba1 #aibb1 #aibd1 by ,! ,laym5's ,club ( ,! ,ca!dral ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,introductory ,note ,?is ,guide to ! ,ca!dral ( ,sa9t ,john ! ,div9e purposely dep>ts f ! conv5tional guide book 9 sev]al respects4 ,! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e is n c5turies old l ^? 9 ,europe1 b is 9 ! build+2 & x has seem$ appropriate 9 ! fir/ place to express some?+ ( its ,_s be=e describ+ ! details ( its ,fabric4 ,9 ! next place1 ! great majority ( visitors to ! ,ca!dral are /rang]s1 p ( o!r d5om9ations1 &1 on acc\nt ( its proximity to "o ( ! lead+ ,am]ican univ]sities1 /ud5ts4 ,= ?is reason1 an ef=t has be5 made to avoid te*nical t]ms z f> z possible2 to expla9 ! significance ( mu* symbolism n g5]ally und]/ood2 & to ins]t ,bible ref]5ces freely = ! b5efit ( ^? :o wi% to /udy fur!r ! mean+ ( ! sc5es & objects describ$4 ,le/ "s ( ! explanations--z1 = in/ance1 t 9 reg>d to ! probable date ( ! completion ( ! ,ca!dral--be deem$ sup]flu\s1 x may be said t ?is1 z well z ne>ly e o!r /atem5t 9 ! foll[+ pages1 is an answ] to "s "q ask$ among ! ?\s& & "o int]rogations :i* manife/ popul> int]e/ 9 ! ,ca!dral's gr[?4 ,9 response to m ?an "o reque/1 8"s ( ^? little ?+s t "o w\ld tell in=mally 9 expla9+ ! ,ca!dral to a fri5d0 h be5 includ$4 ,among ^! are ! incid5t ( ! bl9d woman :o 8saw0 ! ,ca!dral1 :i* possesses a t\*+ human int]e/2 & ! /ory ( ! ,dove ( ,peace1 9 :i* may be se5 ! beg9n+ ( ! traditional lore t w gr[ up ar\nd ! ,ca!dral z ! ye>s roll on4 ,= _! valuable coop]ation 9 ! prep>ation ( ! ,guide1 grateful ackn[l$gm5t is made to ! ,v ,rev4 ,h[>d ,c4 ,robb9s1 ,d4,d41 ,dean ( ! ,ca!dral1 & to ! ,rev4 ,george ,f4 ,nelson1 ,d4,d41 & ! ,rev4 ,rob]t ,ellis ,jones4 ,d4,d41 ,canons4 ,_m ?anks = c\rtesies & accommodations 9 photograph+ & /udy+ ! ,ca!dral are also due to ,mr4 ,?omas ,meaty>d1 ! ,v]g]4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,ca!dral ,flag 7,see ,page #ef7 ,cont5ts ,i4 ,,! ,,_s ,,( ,,! ,,ca!dral4 ,! ,real ,ca!dral #aa ,praise 9 its ,greatness #ab ,praise 9 its ,beauty #ab ,praise 9 its ,s]vice #ac ,! ,_s ( ,democracy #ad ,a ,civic ,in/itution #ae ,a ,great ,symbol #af ,a ,sign ( ,/ability #af ,,ii4 ,,! ,,fabric ,,( ,,! ,,ca!dral4 ,"n & ,namesake #ai ,location & ,access #bj ,adm9i/ration & ,cl]gy #bb ,seals #bc ,s]vices #be ,visitors #bf ,ar*itecture #bg ,plan & ,size #bg ,progress ( ,con/ruction #bh ,funds = ,build+ #bi ,f\ndation & ,/ructure #ca ,ext]ior ( ,*apels #ca ,cl]e/ory ( ,*oir #cc ,/one ,%ields #cc ,we/ ,front #cd ,nave #cf ,cross+ #dj ,pulpit #db ,tape/ries #df ,litany ,desk #df ,*oir #dh ,*oir ,p>apet #di ,pavem5ts #ea ,lect]n #eb ,*oir ,/alls #ed ,organ #ee ,ca!dral ,flag #ef ,high ,alt> #ef ,cr$5ce ,table #eh ,great ,columns #ei ,cl]e/ory ,w9d[s #fj ,ambulatory #ff ,f\nd]'s ,tomb #fh ,*oir ,boys' ,/one #fi ,sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues #fi ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james #ga ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose #gf ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 #hj ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r #hd ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba #hg ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface #ij ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius #ie ,corn] ,/one #ajj ,crypt #ajj ,summ>y ( ,dim5sions #aja ,bi%ops ( ,new ,york #ajb ,,iii4 ,,o!r ,,build+s1 ,,etc4 ,bi%op's ,h\se #ajd ,dean]y #ajd ,*oir ,s*ool #ajf ,/4 ,fai?'s ,h\se #aaj ,synod ,h\se #aaj ,op5 ,air ,pulpit #aad ,ca!dral ,organizations #aae ,guide ,book #aaf ,illu/ration3 ,,plan #a4 ,we/ ,front1 n begun #b4 ,nave1 f\ndation laid #c4 ,cross+ #d4 ,nor? ,transept1 n begun #e4 ,s\? ,transept1 n begun #f4 ,alt> ,sacri/y1 n begun #g4 ,bapti/]y1 begun ,may #bi1 #aibd #h4 ,*oir ,sacri/y1 n begun ,dott$ l9es indicate cloi/]s connect+ ) ,*oir ,s*ool #i4 ,dean's ,(fice1 ) ,canons' ,(fices adjo9+1 n begun #aj4 ,*oir #aa4 ,sanctu>y #ab4 ,ambulatory ,sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues #ac4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james #ad4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose #ae4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs #af4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r #ag4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba #ah4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface #ai4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius ,a4 ,bi%op's ,h\se ,b4 ,dean]y ,c4 ,*oir ,s*ool ,d4 ,/4 ,fai?'s ,h\se ,e4 ,new ,synod ,h\se ,f4 ,op5 ,air ,pulpit ,! ,old ,synod ,h\se 7=m]ly ! ,leake ,watts ,orphan ,asylum7 /&s on ! site ( ! ,s\? ,transept 7#e7 & is n repres5t$ on ?is plan4 ,illu/rations ,ca!dral f nor!a/1 complete ext]ior design1 f ar*itect's draw+ ,frontispiece ,flag ( ! ,ca!dral #f ,plan ( ! ,ca!dral & ,close #h-i ,ea/ end ( ,ca!dral 7ext]ior7 #ah ,seal ( ! ,diocese #bd ,seal ( ! ,ca!dral #bd --- symbol 8,jesus ,*ri/ ,conqu]s0 #cd ,,sp-,,sf-,,ss symbol1 8,holy ,fa!r1 ,holy ,son1 ,holy ,_s0 #cd ,symbols ( ,/4 ,luke #cd ,we/ ,front1 f ar*itect's draw+ #ce ,nave 7ext]ior71 f composite photograph ( model #cg ,nave 7int]ior71 f composite photograph ( model #ci ,nave f\ndation & ,cross+ 7ext]ior7 #da ,pulpit 7indoors7 #dc ,b>b]9i tape/ry1 8,! ,la/ ,supp]0 #de ,cross+ & ,*oir 7int]ior7 #dg ,*oir ,/alls1 s\? side #ec ,high ,alt> #eg ,cr$5ce ,table ) ,magna ,*>ta ,/ones #eh ,! ,f\nd]'s ,tomb #fg ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james 7int]ior7 #gc ,coats ( ,arms 9 w9d[s ( ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t93 ,city ( ,rheims #hb ,notre ,dame ,ca!dral ( ,p>is #hb ,ar*bi%op ( ,t\rs #hb ,*apt] ( ,poiti]s #hb ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs #hb ,ar*diocese ( ,rheims #hb ,dukes ( ,orleans #hb ,ni*e ( ,engl& ,ca!dral ,/ones #ie ,! ,sacrifice #ii ,bi%op's ,h\se #aje ,dean]y #ajg ,*oir ,s*ool #aji ,synod ,h\se #aaa ,"p ,"o ,! ,_s ( ! ,ca!dral ,! ,real ,ca!dral ,on ,morn+side ,heights1 9 ! ,city ( ,new ,york1 on gr\nd consecrat$ by ! blood ( our =efa!rs 9 ! ,w> = ,indep5d5ce1 /&s a tr9ity ( in/itutions :i* repres5t ) s+ul> complet5ess ! ?ree-fold nature ( man3 ,columbia ,univ]sity1 :i* m9i/]s to ! ,m9d2 ,/4 ,luke's ,hospital1 :i* m9i/]s to ! ,body2 & ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 :i* m9i/]s to ! ,s\l4 ,?is little book is design$ to assi/ visitors to und]/& ! mean+ & purpose ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e4 ,"s su* aid1 ei!r writt5 or oral1 is ne$$1 = a great ca!dral _c be compreh5d$ 9 ! glance ( an eye4 ,c]ta9 features1 su* z its magnitude & g5]al beauty1 are obvi\s2 b inwr\ght ) ^! is a weal? ( mean+ :i* is ! s\l ( ! ,ca!dral--! real ,ca!dral--& :i* reveals itself only on intimate acqua9tance4 ,:5 ,rusk9 call$ ,ami5s ,ca!dral 8,! ,bible ( ,ami5s10 he us$ a figure ( spee* applicable to all ca!drals4 ,! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e is 8,! ,^w 9 /one40 ,x is a sacr$ book1 writt5 9 massive pi] & pond]\s ar*1 9 sculptur$ m>ble & c>v$ oak1 9 /a9$ glass w9d[ & inlaid mosaic1 9 embroid]$ fabric & wov5 tape/ry1 ^: pages are full ( delight1 inspiration & help = ^? :o w take ! tr\ble to read !m4 ,! ,ca!dral p]=ms its function z a place = ! praise & wor%ip ( ,almighty ,god 9 two ways--/atically 9 ! gr&eur & beauty ( ! temple1 & actively 9 ! s]vices held )9 x4 ,praise 9 its ,greatness ,l o!r great ca!drals1 ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e fir/ impresses by its size4 ,its magnitude is n only becom+ to its rank z ! *ief *ur* ( ! great ,diocese ( ,new ,york & necess>y = ! accommodation ( l>ge congregations1 b x also has a spiritual purpose1 = x gives "o ! feel+ ( some?+ bigg] ?an "o's self & ( a ,p[] great] ?an "o's own4 8,! ,ca!dral gives me a feel+ ( humility10 said a man to ,bi%op ,gre] "o day4 8,:5 ,i g 910 said a college girl to him1 8,i =get myself40 ,& a man :om ! ,bi%op met 9 ! ,ambulatory said to him3 8,if ,i came "h regul>ly1 some?+ ab\t x1--its size1 its spaci\sness1 its l(t9ess1 its great rec$+ ,*oir--some?+ ab\t x w\ld compel me to be a *ur*man40 ,praise 9 its ,beauty ,! ,ca!dral is design$ also to praise ,god 9 ! glory ( its ,beauty4 ,rusk91 9 8,! ,laws ( ,fesole10 says t 8all great art is praise40 ,"h we h ! ?ree great & endur+ arts ( ,ar*itecture1 ,sculpture & ,pa9t+ 7! latt] z yet only 9 /a9$ glass17 comb9$ 9 a wond]ful ,te ,deum ( ,beauty4 ,= c5turies ! great ca!drals ( ! _w h be5 ! caskets ( c]ta9 k9ds ( art--or1 r1 ( c]ta9 k9ds ( expression ( art--n else:]e to be f\nd2 & 9 ?is respect ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e fills a place 9 our ,am]ican life :i* no secul> build+ c fill4 ,9 ! beauty ( its g5]al =m1 9 ! beauty ( its detail1 9 ! beauty ( its symbolism1 & 9 ! record ( human a*ievem5t 9 godly liv+ :i* ^! express1 ! ,ca!dral /irs ! mo/ rev]5t emotions & creates ! noble/ aspirations4 ,praise 9 its ,s]vice ,b ^! sil5t ?\gh eloqu5t physical features are only adjuncts & helps to ! active expression ( praise 9 ! ,ca!dral ,s]vice4 ,9 ?is1 ! impressive rites ( ! *ur* & ! congregational p>ticipation are aid$ by music br\ght to a high degree ( p]fection1 & ! prea*+ f ! pulpit aims to int]pret ! ,*ri/ian religion 9 t]ms ( ! practical e-day life ( to-day4 ,9 %ort1 ! ,ca!dral endeavors to employ all t is beautiful & maje/ic 9 ,art & ,s]vice to br+ ,god clos] to m5 & to draw m5 clos] to ,god4 ,^? :o live ne> en\gh to ! ,ca!dral to be able to att5d its s]vices frequ5tly c appreciate ! words ( a man :o liv$ mo/ ( 8 life 9 "o ( ! great ca!dral t[ns ( ,engl&1 & :o said3 8,i acc\nt x "o ( ! greate/ bless+s ( my life1 & a circum/ance :i* gave a tone to my imag9ation :i* ,i w\ld n resign = _m e>?ly gifts1 t ,i liv$ 9 a place :]e ! ca!dral s]vice 0 duly & beautifully p]=m$4444 ,if ! object ( devotion be to make u feel1 & to c>ry away ! s\l f all e>?ly ?\ghts1 assur$ly ! gr& *aunts ( our ca!dral s]vice are n )\t _! use4 ,i admire--none c admire m--! ab/ract idea ( an assembly ( reason+ be+s (f]+ up to ! ,au?or ( all good ?+s _! ?anksgiv+s 9 a pure & intelligible =m ( words2 b ! "q w always intrude1 ,does ! he>t g along ) ?is lip s]vice8 & is ! m9d suffici5tly excit$ by ?is reasonable wor%ip to =get its accu/om$ associations ) ! bus9ess & vanities & passions ( ! _w8 ,! ca!dral s]vice does affect ! imag9ation & ?r\gh t *annel ! he>t40 ,! ,_s ( ,democracy ,:ile ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e is a ,prote/ant ,episcopal ,ca!dral1 its m9i/rations are n re/rict$4 8,our democratic age10 said ,bi%op ,h5ry ,c4 ,pott]1 8dem&s a place ( wor%ip t w n disreg>d ! tea*+s ( ! ,f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,9 ?is ,ca!dral !re w be no pews1 no lock$ doors1 no pre-paym5t = sitt+s1 no res]v$ rights ( ca/e or rank1 b "o & ! same welcome = all40 ,& :at ,bi%op ,pott] prophesi$ :5 ! ,ca!dral 0 fir/ plann$ is lit]ally true to-day4 ,! *>t] ( ! ,ca!dral requires t 8! seats = wor%ipp]s 9 said ,ca!dral ,*ur* %all always be free20 & ! ,ca!dral welcomes ev]ybody to its s]vices1 irrespective ( d5om9ational affiliations1 nationality or worldly e/ate4 ,! ,ca!dral also welcomes ^? :o belong to no d5om9ation4 ,its appeal to ! latt] 0 p>ticul>ly contemplat$ :5 ,bi%op ,pott] said3 8,! p]son 9 ! p]iod ( susp5se z to c]ta9 fundam5tal beliefs ne$s some?+ l>g]1 high]1 wid] & roomi]1 m imp]sonal = ! "t be+1 ?an ! p>i% *ur*40 ,x is h>dly necess>y to add z a coroll>y ( ! =ego+ t !re are no 8/rang]s' pews0 9 ! ,ca!dral2 & nobody1 h[ev] unaccu/om$ to ! ,ca!dral s]vice1 ne$s to feel any timidity or hesitation ab\t att5d+4 ,! l>ge proportion ( m5 9 ! ,ca!dral congregations is p>ticul>ly noticeable4 ,a ,civic ,in/itution ,9 its pres5t /ate ( incompletion1 )\t ,nave & ,transepts1 ! capacity ( ! ,ca!dral is tax$ to ! utmo/ by its ord9>y congregations1 & on special occasions ?\s&s are turn$ away unable to ent]4 ,! completion ( ! ,ca!dral is !re=e imp]ative2 & ?is is s = m ?an d5om9ational reasons1 = ! _m notable special s]vices held dur+ & imm$iately foll[+ ! late w> already =e%ad[ ! position :i* x is de/9$ to occupy z a great ,civic & ,national ,in/itution4 ,! ,bo>d ( ,tru/ees rec5tly said3 8,! city requires a religi\s edifice :]e p c ga!r toge!r 9 l>ge numb]s to express 9 a corporate way _! religi\s prompt+s & to f9d spiritual int]pretation ( great ev5ts40 ,su* 7 ! ga!r+s1--to m5tion b a few in/ances1--on ! occasion ( ! ,kossovo ,day s]vice ,june #af1 #aiah2 ! ?anksgiv+ = ! )drawal ( ,au/ria f ! w> ,novemb] #aj1 #aiah2 ! ?anksgiv+ = ! cessation ( ho/ilities ,novemb] #ag2 ! ?anksgiv+ ( ! twelve ,lib]at$ ,nationalities ( middle ,europe ,novemb] #bd2 ! great ,?anksgiv+ ,day s]vice = victory ,novemb] #bh2a ! r5d]+ ( ,g\nod's 8,dea? & ,life0 ,decemb] #a1 #aiah1 & ,dvorak's 8,requiem0 ,m>* #cj1 #aiai1 = all :o di$ 9 ! w>2 ! memorial s]vice ( ! #ajg? 7includ+ ! =m] #g?7 regim5t ,april #bg1 #aiai2 ! ,lusitania memorial s]vice ,may #g2 ! ,new ,york ,lett] ,c>ri]s' memorial s]vice ,may #be2 etc4 ,p r>ely ?9k ( ! ,engli% ca!drals z belong+ to ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& or ( ! ,fr5* ca!drals z belong+ to ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*4 ,!y are reg>d$ z belong+ to ev]ybody4 ,& su*1 x is believ$1 is ! place :i* ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e w occupy 9 ! m9ds ( ! p ( ! city & nation4 ,a ,great ,symbol ,! symbolism ( v>i\s details ( ! ,ca!dral w be m5tion$ h]eaft]2 b x %\ld be said "h t ! ,ca!dral z a :ole is a great & wond]ful symbol4 8,! religion :i* is inwr\ght ) all ! hi/ory ( ! ,am]ican p10 said ,bi%op ,pott]1 8/&s = c]ta9 l(ty ideals ( tru?1 purity1 hone/y1 loyalty & self-sacrifice4 ,e ideal mu/ h "s visible expression or symbol1 & ?is ideal ( our religi\s fai? f ! v nature ( x dem&s expression1 inc>nation1 visible & mat]ial utt]ance wor?y ( its maje/y & gr&eur40 ,& ! ,tru/ees n long ago said3 8,new ,york is ! *ief city ( ! ,we/]n ,_w4 ,x impresses ! imag9ation at e turn by visible evid5ce ( ! p[] & spl5dor ( mat]ial a*ievem5ts 9 ,am]ican life4 ,su* a city %\ld be dom9at$ by a build+ :i*1 9 its greatness1 dignity & beauty1 be>s witness to ^? spiritual =ces )\t :i* mat]ial a*ievem5t is valueless because s\lless40 ,a ,sign ( ,/ability ,?is ev]-*ang+ city also ne$s ! ,ca!dral z an evid5ce ( /ability4 ,bus9ess /ructures & ap>tm5t h\ses rise & disappe> 9 a g5]ation "u ! exig5cies ( ! city's gr[?4 ,ev5 p>i% *ur*es give way "u ?is seem+ly irresi/ible pressure4 ,!re is consequ5tly little ^u :i* to fa/5 p]man5tly "o's memories1 affections & hi/orical traditions4 ,amid ! *anges & unc]ta9ties ( human life1 man in/9ctively looks to ! ,*ur* = some?+ ( p]man5ce--some?+ aft] all to :i* he c fa/5 8 fai? & ^u :i* he c an*or 8 hopes4 ,! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 re/+ 9 its massive solidity ^u ! anci5t rocks ( ,morn+side ,heights1 gives an idea ( firmness & /ability 9 contra/ ) ! fleet+ *anges ar\nd x & symbolizes ,et]nity z ne>ly z any?+ erect$ by ! h&s ( man c4 ,x w /& = unmeasur$ "t z an eloqu5t memorial ( ! be/ & noble/ ( human ef=t & w s]ve z a visible bond to b9d toge!r g5]ations ( high endeavor4 8,a ca!dral10 said ,dean ,robb9s 9 a s]mon on ,decemb] #ag1 #aiaf1 8is a symbol ( cont9uity ( life ?r\gh ! ages4 ,x is a rem9d] ( ! relat$ness 9 :i* m5 /& n only to "o ano!r b also to ^? :o h prec$$ !m1 to all t is /ill memorable 9 a n q vani%$ pa/40 ,& look+ to ! future he spoke ( ! mean+ ( ! ,ca!dral to com+ g5]ations :5 x %\ld h become adorn$ ) associations gr[+ l ivy ov] walls made v5]able by "t4 8,p]haps !y w be great] memories1 m glori\s associations1 ?an our be/ hopes c n[ =eca/4444 ,:o c tell :at ! hidd51 wond]ful1 all-possible future may h 9 /ore = our ,ca!dral1 :at hopes & purposes & sorr[s & rejoic+s w receive _! consecration )9 its sl[ly ag+ walls80 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ext]ior ,,( ,,! ,,*oir1 ,,*apels ,,& ,,cross+1 ,,look+ ,,s\?we/ 7,*oir ,s*ool at left7 ,"p ,two ,! ,fabric ( ! ,ca!dral ,"n & ,namesake ,! legal title ( ! ,ca!dral is 8! ,ca!dral ,*ur* ( ,sa9t ,john ! ,div9e 9 ! ,city & ,diocese ( ,new ,york40 ,! adjective 8ca!dral10 commonly us$ z a n\n1 is d]iv$ f ! ,greek ^w 8ca!dra0 :i* means 8seat40 ,9 ! ,ca!dral is ! ca!dra ( ! ,bi%op ( ! ,diocese ( ,new ,york4 ,x is n a p>i% *ur* & has no memb]s 9 ! s5se 9 :i* a p>i% *ur* has memb]s2 b p]sons desir+ to assi/ 9 ca!dral "w may jo9 ! auxili>y organizations m5tion$ on page #aae foll[+4 ,! ,ca!dral is ! *ief *ur* ( ! ,diocese :i* embraces #bid diff]5t p>i%es & missions4 ,! ,ca!dral is nam$ aft] ! au?or ( ! f\r? ,gospel1 ! ?ree 8epi/les g5]al0 be>+ ! "n ( ,john1 & ! book ( 8,! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e40 ,! ^w 8,div9e0 9 ! title is n an adjective#b b is a n\n 9 apposition ) 8,/4 ,john0 & is r5d]$ 9 ! seal ( ! ,ca!dral by ! ,lat9 ^w 8!ologus10 mean+ 8!ologian40 ,/4 ,john 0 "o ( ! twelve ,apo/les1 & a bro!r ( ,/4 ,james ! ,great4 ,he 0 8! ,disciple :om ,jesus lov$0 7,john xiii4 #bc71 an expression imply+ exceptional sweetness & lovabl5ess ( "*4 ,he f\nd$ ! sev5 *ur*es 9 ,asia ref]r$ to 9 ! ,book ( ,revelation4 ,t[>d ! end ( 8 m9i/rations1 9 :i* he suff]$ _m p]secutions1 he 0 bani%$ to ! ,isle ( ,patmos1 :]e he wrote ! ,book ( ,revelation4 ,:5 he return$ f ?is exile1 he cont9u$ 8 "w until he di$ at ! advanc$ age ( ov] #ij ye>s4 ,8 traditional grave is at ,ephesus4 ,! two pr9cipal symbols ( ,/4 ,john are ! eagle ) book1 7expla9$ 9 connection ) ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s on page #dd7 & ! *alice1 ! latt] sometimes hav+ a s]p5t issu+ f x4 ,! sacram5tal cup )\t ! s]p5t is sometimes int]pret$ to ref] to ,*ri/'s reply to ,james & ,john3 8,ye %all inde$ dr9k ( ! cup t ,i dr9k (0 7,m>k x4 #ci74 ,! cup ) ! s]p5t ref]s to ! tradition relat$ by ,/4 ,isidore to ! effect t at ,rome an attempt 0 made to poison ,/4 ,john 9 ! communion w9e1 b t by a miracle ! poison vani%$ f ! *alice 9 ! =m ( a s]p5t4 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/4 ,john is kept on ,decemb] #bg4 ,location & ,access ,! ,ca!dral is locat$ betwe5 ,ca!dral p>kway 7#aaj? /reet17 ,am/]dam av5ue1 #aac? /reet1 & ,morn+side drive4 ,! ,ca!dral c be rea*$ by tak+ ! ,broadway subway to #aaj? /reet & walk+ "o block ea/ & two nor?2 ! ,broadway surface l9e to #aab? /reet & walk+ "o block ea/2 ! ,am/]dam av5ue surface l9e to ! entrance at #aab? /reet2 ! #f? & #i? av5ue elevat$ l9e to #aaj? /reet & walk+ two blocks we/ & two nor?2 or ,fif? av5ue omnibuses m>k$ r\te 8#d0 via #aaj? /reet1 or 'buses transf]r+ !reto4 ,morn+side ,heights be+ #ajj feet above ! level ( ! adjac5t ,h>lem ,pla91 ! ,ca!dral comm&s a sweep+ prospect t[>d ! nor!a/1 ea/1 & s\!a/1 ov] ! ro(s ( ! city & pa/ ! trees ( ,c5tral ,p>k to ! regions beyond ! ,h>lem & ,ea/ riv]s2 :ile f ! ma9 entrance at ,am/]dam av5ue & #aab? /reet1 "o c look we/w>d to ! ,hudson & see ! column$ ,palisades on ! ,new ,j]sey %ore beyond4 ,morn+side ,heights is ! mod]n "n = ! gr\nd on :i* ! battle ( ,h>lem ,heights 0 f\ght on ,septemb] #af1 #aggf4 ,wa%+ton1 ^: figure occupies a ni*e 9 ! ,*oir ,p>apet 7page #ea7 & adorns ! entrance to ! ,synod ,h\se 7p4 #aad71 p]sonally direct$ ! troops 9 ?is engagem5t4 ,at t p]iod an old colonial road ran ?r\gh ! ,ca!dral site & d[n ! ,heights ( ,morn+side ,p>k to ! anci5t ,k+'s ,highway or ,po/ ,road4 ,dur+ ! ,w> ( #ahab1 ! ,ca!dral gr\nds 7 imm$iately )9 ! l9es ( def5ce erect$ 9 #ahad1 "o ( ! blockh\ses ( :i* /ood on ! bluff on ! ea/]n side ( ,morn+side drive j nor!a/ ( #aac? /4#c ,! ,ca!dral gr\nds1--call$ ! 8,close10 f ! practice 9 old5 times ( secur+ ! privacy ( ! ca!dral prec9cts by enclos+ !m ) a wall & gates1--comprise #aa acres4 ,^u !m are situat$1 besides ! ,ca!dral1 ! ,old ,synod ,h\se 7brick ) column$ portico1 =m]ly ! ,leake ,watts ,orphan ,asylum17 ! ,bi%op's ,h\se & ,dean]y1 ! ,*oir ,s*ool1 ! ,new ,synod ,h\se1 & ,/4 ,fai?'s ,tra9+ ,s*ool = ,deaconesses4 ,see plan & descriptions ( build+s h]eaft]4 ,! ,close co/ #hej1jjj & ! build+s o!r ?an ! ,ca!dral ab\t #a1jjj1jjj4 ,a portion ( ! ,close is set ap>t = recreation gr\nds = ! boys ( ! *oir2 & a portion ( ! lawn z a playgr\nd = small *ildr54 ,adm9i/ration & ,cl]gy ,! affairs ( ! ,ca!dral are 9 ! h&s ( a ,bo>d ( #be ,tru/ees :i* con/itutes ! ,corporation1 & is compos$ ( ! ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1 #ab o!r cl]gym5 & #ab laym54 ,! ,bi%op is ,presid5t ( ! ,bo>d4 ,! ,cl]gy ( ! ,ca!dral are ! ,bi%op1 ,dean1 ,canon ,burs>1 ,canon ,sacri/1 ,canon ,prec5tor1 & ! ,honor>y ,canons1 n to exce$ sev5 9 numb]4 ,! ,bi%op is elect$ by ! ,diocesan ,conv5tion & ! election mu/ be confirm$ by a majority ( ! ,bi%ops & ,dioceses ( ! ,episcopal ,*ur*4 ,! ,dean & ,canons are nom9at$ by ! ,bi%op & elect$ by ! ,tru/ees4 ,! ,bi%op1 besides 8 diocesan duties1 has g5]al direction ( ! s]vices ( ! ,ca!dral1 :i* direction he expresses ?r\gh ! ,dean4 ,! use ( ! ,ca!dral = wor%ip & = *>itable & b5evol5t "w is entru/$ to ! ,dean & ,*apt]4 ,! ,*apt] consi/s ( ! ,dean1 ! ,burs>1 ! ,sacri/1 & su* o!r ,canons z may be elect$4 ,! ,dean is ,*airman ( ! ,ca!dral ,*apt] & ! executive head ( ! ,ca!dral1 lead+ & co-ord9at+ ! v>i\s bran*es ( its "w4 ,! ,canon ,burs> is ! ag5t ( ! ,treasur] ( ! ,corporation1 receives ! (f]+s & sees t !y are appli$ to _! prop] objects1 & is ,sup]visor ( ,build+s & ,gr\nds4 ,! ,canon ,sacri/ has ! c>e ( ! ,ca!dral z a place ( wor%ip & is ,ma/] ( ,c]emonies on all occasions4 ,! ,canon ,prec5tor is responsible = ! fitt+ p]=mance ( ! musical p>ts ( ! ,ca!dral s]vices4 ,! (fices ( ,canon ,sacri/ & ,canon ,prec5tor are vacant1 _! duties be+ p]=m$ by ! ,prec5tor4 ,! ,dean & ,canons may h ,vic>s z assi/ants4 ,foll[+ is ! ,ca!dral ,/aff3 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,william ,?omas ,mann+1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l4 ,dean ,! ,v ,rev4 ,h[>d ,*&l] ,robb9s1 ,d4,d4 ,canon ,burs> ,! ,rev4 ,rob]t ,ellis ,jones1 ,d4,d4 ,prec5tor ,! ,rev4 ,h5ry ,purcell ,veazie1 ,m4,a4 7,oxon47 ,honor>y ,canons ,! ,rev4 ,george ,francis ,nelson1 ,d4,d4 ,! ,rev4 ,george ,william ,d\glas1 ,d4,d4 ,! ,rev4 ,george ,fr$]ick ,clov]1 ,m4,a4 ,! ,rev4 ,h>old ,adye ,pri*>d1 ,m4,a4 ,! ,rev4 ,pascal ,h>r[]1 ,m4,a4 ,head ,ma/] ( ! ,*oir ,s*ool ,william ,le/] ,h5ry1 ,a4,b4 ,organi/ & ,ma/] ( ! ,*ori/]s ,miles ,f>r[1 ,m4,a41 ,mus4 ,doc4 ,head ,v]g] ,?omas ,meaty>d4 ,! po/-(fice address ( any ( ! above m5tion$ is 8,! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y40 ,! ,bi%op's (fice is 9 ! new ,synod ,h\se at ! corn] ( ,am/]dam ,av5ue & ,ca!dral ,p>kway4 ,! (fices ( ! ,dean1 ,canon ,burs>1 etc41 are 9 ! old ,synod ,h\se :i* /&s on ! site ( ! ,s\? ,transept4 7,see page #i74 ,seals ( ,diocese & ,ca!dral ,! seal ( ! ,diocese is 9 ! =m ( a po9t$ oval1 or vesica1#d & is z foll[s3 ,qu>t]ly gules & arg5t1 ov] all a cross c\nt]-*ang$ ( ! same4 ,9 dext] *ief ! ,am]ican eagle ) w+s display$ or2 9 s9i/] *ief & dext] base ! sails ( a w9dmill prop] f ! arms ( ! ,city ( ,new ,york4 ,9 s9i/] base two swords 9 saltire or f ! arms ( ! see ( ,london4 ,surm\nt$ by an episcopal mitre prop]4 ,! arms surm\nt$ on a field purpure & enclos$ by a bordure azure l9$ 7or edg$7 or be>+ ! leg5d 8,seal ( ! ,diocese ( ,new ,york ,,mdcclxxxv0 or4 ,! r$ color 7gules7 & ! swords are hi/orically rem9isc5t ( ! fact t prior to ! ,indep5d5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! *ur* ?r\gh\t ! ,am]ican ,colonies 0 "u ! ecclesia/ical jurisdiction ( ! ,diocese ( ,london4 ,illu/ration3 ,diocesan ,seal ,illu/ration3 ,ca!dral ,seal ,! seal ( ! ,ca!dral1 also vesica-%ap$1 is z foll[s3 ,ti]ce 9 pairle rev]s$4 #a/1 f ! arms ( ! ,city ( ,new ,york3 arg5t f\r sails ( a w9dmill 9 saltire1 betwe5 ! ends 9 *ief & base a beav] c\*ant1 9 fess dext] & s9i/] a b>rel ( fl\r all prop]4 #b;d1 f ! arms ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york3 azure 9 a l&scape ! sun 9 fess ris+ 9 spl5dor or beh9d a range ( ?ree m\nta9s ! middle "o ! highe/1 9 base a %ip & sloop "u sail pass+ & ab\t to meet on a riv] bord]$ bel[ by a grassy %ore fr+$ ) %rubs all prop]4 #c;d1 azure sev5 six-po9t$ />s arg5t betwe5 z _m c&le/icks or4 ,surm\nt$ by an episcopal mitre prop]4 ,enclos$ by a bordure gules edg$ or be>+ ! leg5d 8,sigil4 ,eccles4 ,ca?4 ,s4 ,johann4 ,!ol4 ,n4 ,ebor40 or4 ,! sev5 />s & c&le/icks ref] to ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 i4 #bj4 ,s]vices ,! ,ca!dral is op5 = private pray] & m$itation e day ( ! ye> f #g4cj a4 m4 to #e4cj p4 m4 ,!re is a s]vice 9 "o ( ! *apels e week-day at #g4cj a4 m4 ,! pr9cipal ,sunday s]vices are at #h a4 m41 #aa a4 m4 & #d p4 m41 ! latt] two be+ ) full *oral s]vice & s]mon4 ,o!r s]vices are held on week-days & ,sundays z ann\nc$ f "t to "t4 ,z be=e /at$1 all seats are free1 & resid5ts & /rang]s ( all d5om9ations are cordially welcome4 ,! ,ca!dral s]vice is nei!r 8high0 nor 8l[40 ,x is ! prescrib$ liturgy ( ! ,*ur*1 ) a fully *oral r5d]+ & congregational p>ticipation4 ,except dur+ ! vacation season1 !re are usually ab\t #fj p]sons 9 ! procession4 ,! processional hymn is begun 9 ! ,ambulatory1 ?r\gh ! s\? gate ( :i* ! procession ent]s ! ,cross+ & goes to ! ,*oir4 ,fir/ comes ! crucif]1 foll[$ 9 ord] by ! boys ( ! *oir1 ! m5 ( ! *oir1 ! ,head ,ma/] ( ! ,*oir ,s*ool1 ! ,v]g] & ! cl]gy 9 inv]se ord] ( _! rank4 ,! ,bi%op1 if pres5t1 comes la/1 & is imm$iately prec$$ by ! ,v]g] & an acolyte be>+ ! ,bi%op's pa/oral /aff4#e ,if ! ,bi%op is abs5t1 ! ,dean comes la/1 prec$$ by ! ,v]g]4 ,if nei!r ,bi%op nor ,dean is pres5t1 ! ,v]g] prec$es all ! cl]gy4 ,! ,v]g] 79 black g[n ) purple fac+s71 c>ries a silv] /aff surm\nt$ by ! figure ( an angel hold+ a tablet on :i* is engrav$ ! symbol ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 ! *alice ) em]g+ s]p5t4 ,:5 prec$+ ! ,bi%op he c>ries 8 /aff upright at 8 "r %\ld]1 b :5 go+ be=e ! o!r cl]gy he c>ries x 9 ! holl[ ( 8 left arm4 ,! organi/ & ,ma/] ( ! ,*ori/]s1 we>+ ! g[n & hood ( ,doctor ( ,music1 is usually invisible1 be+ seat$ at ! console 9 ! gall]y on ! scre5 at ! s\? side ( ! ,*oir4 ,at extraord9>y musical s]vices1 an or*e/ra is seat$ 9 ! ,*oir1 betwe5 ! /alls1 & !n ! ,ma/] ( ! ,*ori/]s /&s 9 ! ,*oir1 f :i* po9t he directs ! s+]s1 or*e/ra & assi/ant organi/4 ,! recessional is 9 ! same ord] z ! processional4 ,aft] ent]+ ! ,ambulatory1 ! procession halts :ile a dismissal pray] or hymn is said or sung !re1 & ! solemn s]vice ends ) a f>-away 8,am50 f ! unse5 *oir4#f ,visitors ,visitors may see ! ,ca!dral at all times betwe5 #g4cj a4 m4 & #e4cj p4 m4 except dur+ ! h\rs ( s]vice4 ,! ,v]g] is usually 9 att5dance4 ,ar*itecture ,! ar*itects ( ! ,ca!dral h be53 ,messrs4 ,george ,l4 ,he9s & ,c4 ,grant ,la,farge f ,july1 #ahia1 until ,mr4 ,he9s' dea? 9 ,septemb]1 #aijg2g ,mr4 ,la,farge f ,septemb]1 #aijg1 until ! completion ( ! ,*oir 9 ,april1 #aiaa2 & ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson f ,april1 #aiaa1 to ! pres5t "t4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,vaughan 0 ar*itect ( ?ree ( ! ,sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 ,messrs4 ,he9s ,la,farge ( two1 ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson ( "o & ,messrs4 ,c>r]e ,ha/+s ( "o1 z m5tion$ h]eaft]4 ,! prevail+ /yle ( ! ,ca!dral w be ,fr5* ,go?ic4 ,! nor? ( ,france1 x w be rememb]$1 is ! bir?place ( ,go?ic ar*itecture4 ,!re1 9 ! region s rec5tly deva/at$ by w>1 ,go?ic ar*itecture rose & rea*$ ! fl[] ( p]fection 9 su* monum5ts z ,ami5s1 ,rheims1 ,notre ,dame 7,p>is71 ,*>tres1 ,beauvais1 & ,r\5 ,ca!drals & _m o!r *ur*es1 great & small4 ,plan & ,size ,! plan ( ! ,ca!dral is cruci=m 7symbolism1 ! cross on :i* ,*ri/ 0 crucifi$27 & is ori5t$ s t ! prie/ /&+ at ! ,high ,alt> faces ! ea/ 7! ris+ sun symboliz+ ! resurrection1 & ! ori5tation also connot+ ! ideas ( ,*ri/ 8! ,sun ( ,righte\sness10 8! ,dayspr+ f on ,high10 & ! 8,morn+ ,/>074#h ,sev5 *apels1 call$ ! ,*apels ( ,tongues1 radiate f ! ,apse1 or semi-circul> ea/]n end ( ! ,*oir4 ,! l(tie/ features ( ! elevation are ! two t[]s ( ! ,we/ ,front 7q4 v47 & ! great ,c5tral ,t[] above ! ,cross+4 ,! latt]1 9 ! design n[ "u consid]ation1 consi/s ( a dodecagonal lant]n1 c>ri$ up f ! squ>e ,cross+ 9 two /ages1 ! upp] small] ?an ! l[]1 & surm\nt$ by a fl*e or op5-"w spire ris+ to a height ( #ejj feet 7includ+ cross7 above ! gr\nd4 ,:5 complet$1 ! ,ca!dral w ext5d f ,morn+side drive to ,am/]dam av5ue1 m ?an a t5? ( a mile4 ,x w be #fja feet long & #cae feet wide across ! ,transepts1 &1 ) an area ( #aji1jhb squ>e feet1 w be ! ?ird l>ge/ 9 ! _w1 ,/4 ,pet]'s at ,rome be+ fir/ & ,seville ,ca!dral second4 ,! seat+ capacity ( ! ,cross+ 9 :i* ! congregation ord9>ily sits is #a1ejj2 b on special occasions1 :5 *airs are plac$ 9 ! ,ambulatory & p are admitt$ to ! ,*oir ,/alls1 ! ,ca!dral c accommodate ab\t #c1ejj4 ,:5 ! *ur* is f9i%$1 x w seat #g1jjj & w accommodate sev]al ?\s& m /&+4 ,progress ( ,con/ruction ,! ,f\nd] ( ! ,ca!dral 0 ! ,"r ,rev4 ,horatio ,pott]1 7,provisional ,bi%op #ahed-ahfa & ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahfa-ahhg71 :o propos$ x 9 #ahgb4 ,! *>t] 0 grant$ by ! ,legislature ( ! /ate ( ,new ,york 9 #ahgc4 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,h5ry ,codman ,pott]1 7,assi/ant ,bi%op #ahhc-ahhg & ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahhg-aijh71 nephew & successor ( ,bi%op ,horatio ,pott]1 actively =w>d$ ! movem5t = rais+ funds 9 #ahhf4 ,! ,close 0 pur*as$ f ! ,leake ,watts ,orphan ,asylum by de$ dat$ ,octob] #ca1 #ahia4 ,! fir/ s]vice on ! gr\nd 0 held ,janu>y #a1 #ahib4 ,! corn]-/one 0 laid on ,/4 ,john's ,day1 ,decemb] #bg1 #ahib4i ,! fir/ s]vice 0 held 9 ! ,crypt ,janu>y #h1 #ahii1 & ! fir/ s]vice 9 ! ,*oir & ,cross+ 7be+ ! consecration s]vice7 ,april #ai1 #aiaa4 ,gr\nd 0 brok5 = ! ,nave ,may #h1 #aiaf1 by ! ,"r ,rev4 ,david ,hummell ,gre]1 7,bi%op ,coadjutor #aijd-aijh & ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #aijh-aiai74 ,! p>ts ?us f> built are ! ,crypt1 ,*oir1 sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 ,cross+ & f\ndation = ! ,nave4 ,! ,mohegan gold5 granite = ! walls ( ! ,nave is n[ be+ qu>ri$ ne> ,peekskill1 ,n4 ,y41 & is be+ deliv]$ on ! gr\nds4 ,"s details ( ! ,*oir & ,cross+ are unf9i%$4 ,! complet$ portion ( ! ,ca!dral has co/ ab\t #d1jjj1jjj1 & x is e/imat$ t ! ,nave1 ,we/ ,front1 ,transepts1 ,spire1 etc41 w co/ ab\t #ae1jjj1jjj1 mak+ ! total e/imat$ co/ ab\t #ai1jjj1jjj4 ,funds = ,build+ ,visitors to ! ,ca!dral repeat$ly ask :5 x w be f9i%$4 ,x is impossible to answ] ?is "q def9itely4 ,"s ( ! ca!drals ( ! ,old ,_w h be5 sev5 hundr$ ye>s 9 build+ & are n yet complet$4 ,! ?+s :i* endure ! longe/ are g5]ally ( sl[ gr[?1#aj & ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e is no exception to ?is rule4 ,x is n a /eel-frame /ructure1 b is ( massive masonry 9 ! be/ traditions ( ,go?ic ar*itecture & is be+ built to /& = ages4 ,its physical con/ruction mu/ !re=e necess>ily be sl[4 ,x is to be rememb]$1 also1 t ! f9ancial res\rces = ! build+ ( a mod]n ca!dral are diff]5t f ^? :i* suppli$ ! means = build+ _m ( ! ,old ,_w *ur*es4 ,we/m9/] ,abbey 0 built almo/ entirely f rev5ues ( ! ,k+s f ,h5ry ,,iii4 to ,h5ry ,,vii4 ,/4 ,paul's 9 ,london 0 p>tly built by ! gifts ( p5it5ts :o p]=m$ _! p5ances 9 money4 ,occasionally an anci5t %r9e grew into a great *ur* 9 consequ5ce ( "s tradition or sup]/ition :i* caus$ a cont9u\s /ream ( illu/ri\s p]sons to %[] weal?1 privileges & honors ^u x4 ,pope ,honorius prescrib$ collections 9 all ,*ri/5dom = ! build+ ( ,rheims ,ca!dral4 ,! metropolitan *ur* ( ,/4 ,rombold's1 9 ,mal9es1 ,belgium1 0 built ) money paid by pilgrims :o flock$ ?i!r 9 ! #ad? & #ae? c5turies to obta9 indulg5ces issu$ by ,pope ,ni*olas ,v42 & ! ,t\r de ,beurre 7butt] t[]7 ( ,b\rges ,ca!dral1 l ! t[] ( ! same "n at ,r\51 8d]ives its "n f hav+ be5 erect$ ) money paid = indulg5ces to eat butt] 9 ,l5t40 7,ba$ek]47 ,to-day1 h[ev]1 reliance is plac$ entirely ^u volunt>y contributions4 ,"s ( ! l>g] gifts to ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e are m5tion$ h]eaft]1 b !re h be5 _m o!r l>ge ones & innum]able small] ones equally acceptable f donors irrespective ( d5om9ational affiliations :o h caught ! civic & patriotic z well z ! religi\s inspiration ( :at is to be ,am]ica's greate/ ca!dral4 ,9 a g5]al way1 x may be said t ! ,ca!dral w be f9i%$ z fa/ z funds are provid$2--& no fa/]1 = ! au?orities h rigidly ma9ta9$ ! provision ( ! /atute1 build+ only :at c be paid =1 & wor%ipp]s are !re=e n kneel+ on any debt4 ,anyone desir+ "h to en%r9e a lov+ memory or to embody ! (f]+ ( a grateful he>t may place a donation to ! ,build+ ,fund 9 ! alms-bas9 or 9 ! box at ! door1 or s5d x to ! ,dean at ! ,ca!dral (fices 9 ! old ,synod ,h\se1 at ,am/]dam av5ue & #aab? /reet1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,f\ndation & ,sup]/ructure ,! f\ndation ( ! ,ca!dral is ( ,ma9e granite4 ,al?\gh ! b$-rock ( ,morn+side ,heights 7,manhattan s*i/7 lies ne> ! surface1 x is s dis9tegrat$ ne> ! top t x 0 necess>y to g d[n #gb feet 9 "s places 9 ord] t ! ,ca!dral might re/ securely on ! 8liv+ rock40 ,! excavation & f\ndation alone co/ a qu>t] ( a million doll>s4 ,! ma9 walls ( ! sup]/ructure are also ( granite1 fac$ on ! outside ( ! f9i%$ portion ) ,mohegan gold5 granite qu>ri$ ne> ,peekskill1 ,n4 ,y41 & on ! inside ) a s(t buff-color$ lime/one or dolomite call$ ,front5ac /one f ,pep9 c\nty1 ,wis4 ,! great fly+ buttresses & massive pi]s ( ! ,cross+1 expos$ 9 _! rugg$ unf9i%$ /ate1 exhibit ! d>k ,ma9e granite4 ,local mat]ials are m5tion$ 9 _! appropriate places4 ,ext]ior ,survey ,be=e ent]+ ! ,ca!dral ! visitor %\ld make a circuit ( ! ,close 7beg9n+ on ! s\? side & go+ ea/w>d71 comp>+ ! outl9es ( ! ,ca!dral ) ! plan & not+ ! location ( ! o!r build+s4 ,?is w give him a bett] und]/&+ ( ! int]ior ( ! ,ca!dral & ( its ultimate connection ) ! ,bi%op's ,h\se & ! ,*oir ,s*ool by means ( cloi/]s4 ,x w be not$ t ! ,old ,synod ,h\se 7brick1 ) ,ionic-column$ portico7 occupies ! site ( ! ,s\? ,transept4 ,! ,sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 7see page #fi et seq417 may be id5tifi$ on ! ext]ior by ! foll[+ *>act]i/ics 7s\? to nor?73 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james1 rectangul> plan1 cr5elat$ p>apet ( ro(1 & p9nacles on buttresses4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose1 half r\nd w9d[ ar*es4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs1 fleurs de lis 9 quatrefoils above l>ge w9d[s2 n>r[ po9t$ ar* w9d[s ) s+le lights 9 basem5t4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r 7ea/]nmo/71 rectangul> plan2 cross on gable2 /atues 9 ni*es ( buttresses & wall4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba1 angel on ro(2 /atues 9 ni*es ( buttresses4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface1 /atues 9 ni*es ( buttresses2 small mullion$ w9d[s ( ?ree lights 9 basem5t4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius1 rectangul> plan2 p>apet ( quatrefoil trac]y2 p9nacles on buttresses4 ,?ree ( ! *apels h ! foll[+ sculptures by ,mr4 ,gutzon ,borglum3 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r3 ,on ea/]n wall above ! great w9d[1 ! ,*ri/ ,*ild2 9 ni*es ( buttresses on ei!r side ( w9d[1 ,angels ( ! ,resurrection2 & b5ea? ! w9d[1 ! ,virg91 seat$ betwe5 7left7 ,/4 ,simeon :o bless$ ! infant ,jesus 7,luke ii4 #be-ce7 & 7"r7 ,/4 ,za*>ias1 fa!r ( ,john ! ,bapti/ 7,luke i4 #fg-hj74aa ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba3 ,on ro(1 an angel ) h&s jo9$ 9 pray]2 9 upp] "p ( great w9d[1 ,/4 ,columba ) tam$ wolf1 recall+ h[ he subdu$ wild bea/s z well z wild tribes2 & 9 ni*es ( buttresses ! f\r patron sa9ts ( ! ,briti% ,isles 7left to "r73 ,/4 ,david ( ,wales 9 b]etta & fr+$ g[n3 ,/4 ,george ( ,engl& 9 armor ) cross on %ield & dragon at feet2 ,/4 ,&rew ( ,scotl& ) diagonal cross#ab2 & ,/4 ,patrick ( ,irel&1 9 ,bi%op's robes1 ) crozi] 9 "r h& & %amrock 9 left4 ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface3 ,9 ni*es ( buttresses1 ,*>lemagne1 ) cr[n & sword2 ,alcu91 ,*>lemagne's preceptor1 9 mona/ic g>b ) manuscripts 9 "r h&2 ,gut5b]g1 ) book 9 ea* h&1 8 initials 8,j4,g40 on "o2 & ,lu!r1 9 s*ol>'s g[n1 ) book betwe5 h&s4 ,! ,cl]e/ory ( ! ,*oir rises above ! ro(s ( ! *apels4 ,9 ! canopi$ ni*es ne> ! top ( ! turrets & buttresses are #aj /one figures #i feet high by ,mr4 ,borglum1 z foll[s 7s\? to nor?73 ,/4 ,james ! ,less ) full]'s club 7indicat+ mann] ( 8 m>tyrdom71 & ,/4 ,philip ) ,lat9 cross 7symbol ( 8 crucifixion71 toge!r on turret2 ,/4 ,b>?olomew#ac2 ,/4 ,?omas ) squ>e 7spiritual ar*itect72 ,/4 ,james ! ,great ) /aff 7pilgrim72 ,/4 ,pet] ) key 7to ! k+dom ( ,heav572 ,/4 ,&rew ) diagonal cross2 ,/4 ,mat!w#ac ) drap]y ov] head2 & ,/4 ,simeon ) saw1 & ,/4 ,jude ) spe>1 7indicat+ mann] ( _! dea?71 toge!r on turret4 ,f\rte5 ,/one ,%ields 7only #ab 9 place71 9 ! sp&rels ( ! cl]e/ory w9d[s above ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 be> 7or w be>7 ! foll[+ devices 7s\? to nor?37 ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james1 7left7 w+$ ox2 & 7"r7 arti/'s palette1 bru%es & maul/icks1 & lily1 symboliz+ ,/4 ,luke4#ad ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose 7left7 lily1 & 7"r7 rose1 bo? symbols ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs1 7left7 eagle1 & 7"r7 *alice1 symbols ( ,/4 ,john4 ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r1 7left7 lett]s 1 1 1 1 9 f\r qu>t]s =m$ by a ,greek cross1 signify+ ,jesus ,*ri/ ,conqu]s2 & 7"r71 initials ,,sp1 ,,sf1 ,,ss1 ( ! ,lat9 words ,sanctus ,pat]1 ,sanctus ,filius1 ,sanctus ,spiritus1 7,holy ,fa!r1 ,holy ,son1 ,holy ,_s17 9 a trefoil1 symboliz+ ! ,tr9ity4#ae ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba1 7left7 cross$ keys1 symbol ( ,/4 ,pet]1 & 7"r7 cross$ swords1 symbol ( ,/4 ,paul4 ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface1 7left7 w+$ lion2 & 7"r7 fig tree1 bo? symbols ( ,/4 ,m>k4 ,above ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius1 7left7 w+$ man & 7"r7 axe & book1 bo? symbols ( ,/4 ,mat!w4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,jesus ,*ri/ ,conqu]s4 #b4 ,holy ,fa!r1 ,holy ,son1 ,holy ,_s4 #c & #d4 ,sa9t ,luke4 ,surm\nt+ ! ro( ( ! ,*oir1 & fac+ ea/w>d1 is a bronze /atue1 #i feet high1 by ,mr4 ,borglum1 repres5t+ ,/4 ,gabriel z ,angel ( ! ,resurrection1 bl[+ a trumpet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,we/ ,,front 7,f ,ar*itect's ,draw+7 ,we/ ,front ,return+ to ,am/]dam av5ue at #aab? /reet1 we come to :at w be ! ma9 entrance ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,9 ! space 7n[ unoccupi$7 betwe5 ! sidewalk & ! f\ndation ( ! ,nave w be ! ,we/ ,front 7see figure #a ( plan74 ,! t5tative design = ! ,we/ ,front provides = ?ree l>ge & two small] recess$ portals1 simil> to ! plan ( ,b\rges ,ca!dral4 ,above ! nor? & s\? portals rise two heavily buttress$ squ>e t[]s1 nam$ aft] ,/4 ,pet] 7nor?7 & ,/4 ,paul 7s\?71 pres5t+ /rong relief4 ,above ! c5tral portal is ! great ,rose ,w9d[1 flank$ by ! mullion$ ,go?ic w9d[s ( ! t[]s4 ,above ^!1 a gall]y ( ni*es conta9+ /atues ext5ds entirely across ! faade1 aft] ! mann] ( ! ,gall]y ( ,k+s at ,rheims ,ca!dral4 ,above ?is rise ! belfries ( ! two t[]s1 ea* surm\nt$ by po9t$ turrets at ! f\r corn]s1 :ile betwe5 !m1 j above ! gall]y1 appe>s ! gable ( ! ,nave4 ,! ,we/ front is #bbj feet wide & #hj feet deep1 includ+ ! buttress+4 ,! t[]s are #ej feet squ>e1 #bce feet high to ! top ( ! p>apets & #bfe feet high to ! top ( ! p9nacles4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ext]ior ,,( ,,! ,,nave 7,composite ,photograph ( ,model4 ,human figure %[s scale7 ,! ,nave ,cross+ ! space to be occupi$ by ! ,we/ ,front1 we asc5d tempor>y /eps to ! f\ndation ( ! ,nave 7figure #b ( plan74 ,sup]/ructure n yet begun 7,june #ae?1 #aibd74 ,"h ! visitor %\ld pause & imag9e himself ent]+ ! we/]n limb ( ! ,ca!dral1 #bbe feet long1 #acb feet wide1 #age feet high outside & #acj feet high inside1 built 9 pure #ac? c5tury ,go?ic adapt$ to ! requirem5ts ( ! plan4 ,! c5tral aisle1#af--;z wide betwe5 ! c5t]s ( pi]s z #aab? /reet is betwe5 build+ l9es--has two n>r[] aisles on ea* side4 ,in/ead ( ! closely-gr[n-up =e/ effect produc$ by ! columns ( _m ,go?ic ca!drals1 an air ( op5ness & spaci\sness1 :i* di/+ui%es ?is ,ca!dral ?r\gh\t1 is giv5 by ! relatively small numb] ( pi]s & columns & _! +5i\s disposition4 ,9 ?is arrangem5t ! ar*itect has made two notable dep>tures f ! ord9>y ,go?ic type3 ,"o is ! erection ( ! cl]e/ory on ! second>y l9e ( columns 7^? ne>e/ ! side walls17 :i* modifies ! ext]ior sy/em ( fly+ buttresses1 & ! o!r is ! introduction ( int]m$iate sl5d] columns 9 ! prim>y l9e ( pi]s1 resolv+ ! ,nave into a sy/em ( f\r squ>es or d\ble bays in/ead ( eight rectangul> bays4 ,z ! prim>y ranges ( pi]s & columns rise to ! spr+ ( ! ar*es :i* support ! ro( ( ! ,nave1 in/ead ( be+ %ort5$ to support ! cl]e/ory1 an effect ( great spaci\sness & l(ty aspiration is produc$2 & ?is arrangem5t1 toge!r ) ! rhy?mic alt]nation ( great pi]s & relatively small clu/]$ columns1 all[s a play ( light & %ade surpass+ t ( any m$iaeval ca!dral4 ,"u ! ro(s ( ! nor? & s\? aisles runs ! tri=ium gall]y2 & !re are _m beautiful details ( ornam5t1 includ+ ! trac]y1 panell+1 capitals1 ni*es1 p9nacles & sculptures4 ,a light & *e]ful effect is produc$ by ! illum9ation ?r\gh #cb /a9$ glass w9d[s--eight 9 ! aisle & eight 9 ! cl]e/ory on ea* side1--& ! great ,rose ,w9d[ 9 ! we/ end4 ,:ile /&+ at ! we/ end ( ! f\ndation1 ! visitor %\ld survey ! great area ( floor space t lies be=e him2 !n1 look+ ea/w>d #bbe feet 7! l5g? ( a city block & half ! wid? ( a /reet7 imag9e ! pres5t tempor>y we/ wall ( ! ,cross+ remov$1 & ! view ext5d$ ab\t #bbe feet f>!r to ! ,high ,alt> 9 ! ,sanctu>y4 ,he w !n h an idea ( ! great vi/a ( ! complet$ *ur*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"o ,,side ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior ,,( ,,! ,,nave 7,composite ,photograph ( ,model4 ,figures ( *ori/]s %[ scale7 ,speak+ ( ! build+ ( ! ,ca!dral 9 g5]al & ( ! ,nave 9 p>ticul>1 9 8 address to ! #ach? ,annual ,conv5tion ( ! ,diocese ( ,new ,york on ,may #aa1 #aiba1 ,bi%op ,mann+ said3 8,z to ! practical value & importance ( ! ,ca!dral1 no "o :o kn[s any?+ ( its "w or ( ! multitudes t ga!r "h = wor%ip c ent]ta9 a "q4 ,l>ge z x is1 ! pres5t space is insuffici5t4 ,! ,nave is urg5tly ne$$1 n only t ! great ideal :i* ! build+ embodies may be c>ri$ =w>d1 b t !re may be room = ! p :o come = spiritual help1 & t ! ,ca!dral may meet its unequall$ mission>y opportunity4 ,i hope t our p1 & especially ^? :o h ! /ew>d%ip ( weal?1 w keep ?is great spiritual & mission>y ent]prise 9 m9d1 & t _m may be mov$ to aid x4 ,! build+ waits only = ! necess>y funds4 ,& 9 ! revis$ draw+s1 we at la/ h plans :i* by _! maje/y & beauty wor?ily express ! aim & ideal ( ?is great /ructure 444 ,i believe t we h n[ a plan wor?y ( ! unequall$ opportunity ( ?is glori\s ,temple ( ,god1 & ( its relation to ! greate/ & mo/ complex city 9 ! _w4 ,i believe t = ! c>ry+ =w>d t[>ds completion ( su* a build+ z ?is1 ( :i* ! :ole c\ntry may be pr\d1 & = ! uphold+ ( ! spiritual1 social & civic ideals :i* x embodies1 n only ! p ( our own ,*ur* b _m o!rs 9 ?is metropolis & else:]e w be glad to make _! gifts & to h _! "p & %>e ) u40 ,! ,cross+ ,walk+ ! l5g? ( ! ,nave f\ndation 7#b on plan7 we pass ?r\gh tempor>y doorways & ent] ! ,cross+ 7#c71 s-call$ f its location at ! int]section ( ! long & %ort arms ( ! cruci=m gr\nd plan4 ,9 ?is space1 #ajj feet squ>e1 floor$ ) concrete1 are #aejj *airs = ! congregation4 ,to ! ea/w>d1 ! ,cross+ op5s into ! ,*oir 7#aj7 & ,ambulatory 7#ab-ab74 ,on ! nor?1 we/ & s\? sides ! spaces betwe5 ! pond]\s pi]s ( ,ma9e granite are fill$ ) tempor>y w9d[s & concrete walls :i* w be remov$ :5 ! ,nave 7#b7 & ! ,nor? & ,s\? ,transepts 7#d & #e7 are built4 ,! removal ( ^! tempor>y walls w improve ! ac\/ics4 ,! r\gh1 unadorn$ pi]s on ! nor?1 we/ & s\? sides w ev5tually be fac$ ) ,front5ac /one l ^? on ! ea/ side4 ,! massiv5ess ( ?is masonry may be judg$ by ! fact t a s+le pair ( ^! pi]s ) _! connect+ ar* weighs #djjj tons4 ,! ,dome ( ! ,cross+1 #afb feet 7j ! height ( ,niag>a ,falls7 above ! floor1 is a rem>kable piece ( con/ruction1 ! tiles hav+ be5 laid by ! +5i\s ,gu/av9o me?od )\t ! support ( scaffold+4 ,! pres5t dome is tempor>y2 ! p]man5t vault w be #bjj feet above ! floor4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,p4 ,morgan1 ,mr4 ,george ,s4 ,b[do9 & ,mr4 ,h>ris ,c4 ,fahne/ock 7 l>ge contributors to ! build+ ( ! ,cross+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,nave ,,f\ndation ,,& ,,cross+ ,! ,pulpit1 a memorial ( ,bi%op ,h5ry ,codman ,pott]1 is made ( ,knoxville1 ,t5n41 m>ble1 an uncry/all9e lime/one favorable = v f9e "w4 ,on ! newel po/s ( ! /airs are ! figures ( ! two great prophets ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts1 ,isaiah 7s\?7 & ,john ! ,bapti/ 7nor?47 ,9 ! five pr9cipal ,go?ic ni*es are z _m sc5es 9 ! life ( ,*ri/ 7nor? to s\?73 ,! ,nativity1 ,jesus ,among ! ,doctors1 ! ,crucifixion1 ! ,resurrection1 & ! ,supp] at ,emmaus 7,luke xxiv4 #cj-ca74 ,9 ! small] ni*es are ! figures ( eight great expon5ts ( ! ,holy ,scriptures & *ampions ( human fre$om 7nor? to s\?72 ,/4 ,j]ome1 ,/4 ,gregory1 ,/4 ,*ryso/om1 ,/4 ,pet]1 ,/4 ,paul1 ,hugh ,latim]1 ,bossuet1 & ,bi%op ,phillips ,brooks ( ,massa*usetts4#ag ,b5ea? ^! ni*es runs a m\ld+ ( grape-v9e design symboliz+ ,*ri/ ! true v9e#ah 7,john xv4 #a7 & b5ea? ?is "o ( roses symboliz+ ,*ri/ ! ,rose ( ,%>on 7,cant4 ii4 #a74 ,on ! base are ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s3 ,! w+$ man = ,/4 ,mat!w1 w+$ lion = ,/4 ,m>k1 w+$ ox = ,/4 ,luke1 & eagle = ,/4 ,john4#ai ,! pulpit is surm\nt$ by a c>v$ oak canopy ( ,go?ic trac]y1 ^u :i* is ! beg9n+ ( ! ,gloria 9 ,excelsis3 8,glory be to ,god on high & on e>? peace good w t[>ds m54 ,we praise !e we bless !e1 we wor%ip !e1 we glorify !e1 we give ?anks to !e = ?y great glory4 ,o ,"l ,god1 heav5ly ,k+40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,pulpit ,on ! side ( ! /airs is inscrib$3 8,9 ,memory ( ,h5ry ,codman ,pott] ! gift ( ,mrs4 ,russell ,sage ,a4,d4 #aiaf40 ,! pulpit1 :i* co/ #cj1jjj1 0 design$ by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,vaughan & execut$ by ,messrs4 ,john ,evans ,co4 ( ,bo/on4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,b>b]9i ,,tape/ries ,b>b]9i ,tape/ries4 ,! tape/ries 9 ! ,cross+ & ,ambulatory 7 wov5 9 ! fir/ half ( ! #ag? c5tury on ! papal looms f\nd$ by ,c>d9al ,b>b]9i "u ! patronage ( 8 uncle ,pope ,urban ,,viii4 ,!y 7 execut$ "u ! direction ( ! ma/] weav] ,jacques della ,rivi]a f c>toons pa9t$ by ,jean ,francois ,romanelli4 ,! c>toons are n[ 9 ! ,vatican4 ,! tape/ries1 orig9ally design$ = ! ?rone room ( ! ,b>b]9i ,palace at ,rome1 aft]w>d a "p ( ! ,ff\lke ,collection 9 ,wa%+ton1 & f9ally pres5t$ to ! ,ca!dral by ,mrs4 ,elizabe? ,u4 ,coles1 are twelve 9 numb] & repres5t sc5es 9 ! life ( ,*ri/4 ,f\r ( !m hang 9 ! ,cross+ z foll[s3 ,9 ! nor!a/ corn]1 ! ,deliv]y ( ! ,keys to ,/4 ,pet]2 s\!a/ corn]1 ! ,la/ ,supp]2 s\?we/ corn]1 ! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds2 & nor?we/ corn]1 ! ,flight ( ,joseph & ,m>y ) ! infant ,jesus into ,egypt4 ,sev5 hang 9 ! ,ambulatory1 z foll[s 7nor? to s\?73 ,*ri/'s ,baptism1 ! ,annunciation1 ! ,adoration ( ! ,magi1 ! ,crucifixion 7directly beh9d & above ! ,high ,alt>17 ! ,transfiguration1 ! ,resurrection1 & ! ,agony 9 ! ,g>d54 ,! twelf?1 a map ( ! ,holy ,l&1 is n at pres5t hung4 ,^! works are all #ae feet #h in*es high & av]age #ad feet #a in* wide4 ,! ,deliv]y ( ! ,keys to ,/4 ,pet]1 ! ,la/ ,supp]1 & ! ,flight into ,egypt are m ?an #ag feet wide4 ,^! tape/ries appe> m l pa9t+s ?an products ( ! loom4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,int]ior ,,( ,,! ,,cross+ ,,& ,,*oir ,! ,litany ,desk at ! ea/]n end ( ! middle aisle 7(t5 remov$7 is ( c>v$ oak4 ,surm\nt+ ! ends are two pray+ angels1 :ile on ! front are /atues ( ,/4 ,mi*ael ) sword1 ,/4 ,john ) *alice1 & ,/4 ,gabriel ) lilies1 all fac+ ! ,alt>4 ,an inscription reads3 8,we besee* ,!e to he> u ,good ,"l ,grant u ,?y ,peace ,h ,m]cy ,^u u40 ,! desk 0 giv5 by ! ,laym5's ,club4 ,! ,*oir ,ar*itecture4 ,! ,*oir 7#aj7 may be/ be survey$ f ! ea/]n end ( ! ,cross+4 7,visitors n admitt$ to ,*oir dur+ s]vice "t except by p]mission47 ,! half-r\nd ar*es & o!r features exhibit a late ,romanesque /yle ) ,byzant9e influ5ce1 :i* is n inappropriate to ! ea/]n end ( ! ,ca!dral1 & :i* w relatively become a local detail z ! prevail+ ,go?ic /yle ( ! :ole ,ca!dral develops4#bj ,! int]ior fac+ is ( ,front5ac /one4 ,num]\s symbols f ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e w appe> z ! description ( ! ,*oir & its environs proce$s4 ,! fir/ to attract att5tion is ! broad c\rse ( r$ jasp] f ,s\? ,dakota se5 at ! base ( ! pi]s ( ! great ,*oir ar*4 ,?is f\ndation c\rse1 :i* appe>s 9 ! ,ambulatory 7#ab-ab-ab7 runn+ entirely ar\nd ! ,*oir1 recalls ,/4 ,john's description ( ! ,heav5ly ,city3 8,& ! f\ndations ( ! wall ( ! city 7 g>ni%$ ) all mann] ( preci\s /ones4 ,! fir/ f\ndation 0 ( jasp]0 7,rev4 xxi4 #ai74 ,! gre5 m\ld+ above ! jasp] is ,p5nsylvania s]p5t9e4 ,! floor ( ! ,*oir has ?ree pr9cipal levels4 ,f ! ,cross+ #e /eps lead to ! ,*oir prop]1 :i* conta9s ! /alls = ! cl]gy & *ori/]s & :i* occupies ! fir/ two bays4 ,an asc5t ( six m /eps leads to ! second level :i* may be designat$ z ! ,presbyt]y4 ,^u x are ! two ?rones h]eaft] m5tion$ & ! alt> rail1 ! latt] a /ep high]4#ba ,9 ! ,sanctu>y )9 ! alt> rail1 #d /eps lead to ! ?ird level ^u :i* /&s ! ,alt> ) its #c :ite /eps4#bb ,ar\nd ! ,sanctu>y /& eight ,great ,columns describ$ h]eaft]4 ,! pr9cipal donor to ! build+ ( ! ,*oir 0 ! late ,hon4 ,levi ,p>sons ,morton 7,vice-,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates #ahhi-ic1 ,gov]nor ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york #ahie-if7 :o1 aft] ! ,great ,columns 7 erect$1 gave #fjj1jjj t[>d ! completion ( ! fabric & ! in/allation ( ! ,alt>1 ,r]$os1 ,organ1 ,*oir ,/alls1 ,bi%op's ,?rone1 & "s o!r furni%+s4 ,?is sum 0 g5]\sly supplem5t$ by ,mrs4 ,morton4 ,! ornate ,alt> ,rail ( ,engli% oak is inscrib$3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 lov+ memory ( ,anna ,liv+/on ,morton ,may #ah1 #ahdf-;,augu/ #ad1 #aiah ,giv5 by h] daught] ,edi? ,morton ,eu/is #aibj40 ,! ,p>apet at ! entrance to ! ,*oir is design$ to repres5t out/&+ *>act]s ( #bj c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian ,era4 ,x is 9 two sections1 "o on ea* side ( ! /eps lead+ f ! ,cross+ to ! ,*oir1 ea* section be+ #ah feet long & #d feet high4 ,x is built ma9ly ( ,*ampville 7,france7 m>ble1 9 modifi$ ,fr5* ,go?ic /yle4 ,! twelve m>ble columns1 alt]nately gre51 r$ & yell[1 are ( ,alps ,gre5 f ,italy1 ,r\ge de ,rance f ,italy1 & ,numidian f ,africa1 respectively4 ,! figures1 f "r to left1 are z foll[s 7au?orities diff]+ slightly z to "s ( ! dates giv573 7#a7 ,/4 ,paul 7di$ ,a4 ,d4 #ff7 ) sword symboliz+ 8 decapitation2 7#b7 ,/4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr 7#ajj-afe7 ) axe & block2 7#c7 ,/4 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria 7#aej-bbj7 hold+ cross 9 left h&2 7#d7 ,/4 ,a?anasius 7#bif-cgc7 p\r+ baptismal wat] f a sea-%ell1 ref]r+ to a playful incid5t ( 8 boyhood :i* l$ to 8 call+2 7#e7 ,/4 ,augu/9e ( ,hippo 7#ced-dcj7 ) mit]1 p5 & tablet2 7#f7 ,/4 ,b5$ict 7#dhj-edc7 9 habit ( ,b5$ict9e monk po9t+ to scroll2 7#g7 ,/4 ,gregory ! ,great 7#eej-fjd7 ) slave *ild 9 brok5 %ackles1 ref]r+ to 8 int]cession = pagan *ildr5 9 ! slave m>ket2 7#h7 ,*>les ,m>tel 7#fhh-gda7 ) cr[n1 battle-axe & p5nant2 7#i7 ,*>lemagne 7#gdb-had7 ) cr[n1 scept] & orb2 7#aj7 ,alfr$ ! ,great 7#hdi-ija7 cr[n$1 ) sword by side1 hold+ ?ree burnt cakes on book2#bc 7#aa7 ,godfrey ( ,b\illon 7#ajfa-aajj7 cr[n$1 ) ,crusad]'s sword & %ield2 7#ab7 ,/4 ,b]n>d 7#ajia-aaec7 9 monk's habit1 hold+ al(t a cross 9 8 "r h& & clasp+ a book 9 8 left2 7#ac7 ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi 7#aahb-abbf7 9 ,franciscan monk's g>b1 contemplat+ a cross 9 left h&1 & prea*+ to birds#bd 9 tree2 7#ad7 ,john ,wyckliffe 7#acbe-achd7 ) book & /aff2 7#ae7 ,columbus 7#adce-aejf7 lift+ ! veil f ! globe1 symboliz+ ! age ( discov]y2 7#af7 ,ar*bi%op ,cranm] 7#adhi-aeef7 ) "r h& ?ru/ volunt>ily into ! flame1 symboliz+ 8 m>tyrdom2 7#ag7 ,%akespe>e 7#aefd-afaf7 /&+ amid/ gr[+ laurels2 7#ah7 ,wa%+ton 7#agcb-agii7 9 civilian attire z ,presid5t2 7#ai7 ,l9coln 7#ahji-ahfe7 /&+ by a burial cross deliv]+ 8 ,gettysburg ,address2 7#bj7 unc>v$ block4 ,! basis = select+ ! figures 0 ! repres5tative "* ( ! n9ete5 m5 select$ 9 conjunction ) _! contribution to ! developm5t ( ,*ri/ian civilization4 ,! ,p>apet 0 design$ by ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson1 & ! figures1 modell$ by ,f]r>i1 7 c>v$ by ,john ,evans ,co41 ( ,bo/on4 ,! ,p>apet be>s ! foll[+ inscription3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,memory ( ,ri*>d ,delafield1 ,brigadi]-,g5]al1 ,*ief ( ,eng9e]s1 ,brevet ,major-,g5]al1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,army4 ,born ,septemb] #a1 #agih1 ,di$ ,novemb] #e1 #ahgc1 ,?is ,p>apet is ,erect$ by 8 ,*ildr51 ,alb]t1 ,juliet ,cov+ton & ,emma ,delafield4 ,righte\sness ,exalte? a ,nation3 ,b ,s9 is a ,reproa* to any ,p40 ,! ,pavem5ts ( ! ,ambulatory & ,*oir1 design$ by ,mr4 ,c4 ,grant ,la,farge 9 ,romanesque & ,byzant9e motives1 are relat$ 9 _! symbolism4 ,! colors 9 ! ,ambulatory are r$di%1 or e>?y2 :ile ^? 9 ! ?ree asc5ts ( ! ,*oir progress ?r\gh increas+ly ri* designs ( gre5s & :ites 7hope & purity7 to gre5s1 :ites & blues 7hope1 purity & heav57 until !y rea* ! pure :ite /eps ( ! ,alt>4 ,! ris]s ( ! /eps lead+ f ! ,cross+ to ! ,*oir prop] are ( yell[ ,numidian m>ble & ! treads ( gre5 ,p5nsylvania m>ble4 ,! pavem5t ( ! ,*oir is ri*ly inlaid ) ,numidian1 ,swiss & o!r m>bles & ,grueby ,fai5ce tiles4 ,! /eps to ! ,presbyt]y are ( m>ble f ,hauteville1 ,france4 ,9 ! c5t] ( ! floor ( ! ,presbyt]y is a magnific5t mosaic rug ( tiles & m>bles1 #cb feet long & #aj feet wide1 ) small] patt]ns at ! ends4 ,9 ! c5t] is an oval ( black ,belgian m>ble surr\nd$ by violet m>ble f ,italy1 :ile ,grueby tiles ( _m colors1 & ,grecian1 r$ ,numidian & o!r m>bles =m ! re/ ( ! design4 ,! pavem5t ( ! ,sanctu>y1 )9 ! communion rail1 9 addition to its ri* designs ( tiles & m>bles1 conta9s1 imm$iately 9 front ( ! /eps to ! ,alt>1 a r$ tile surr\nd$ by a squ>e brass bord]1 inscrib$3 8,:oev] %all h pray$ at ?is spot w h press$ ) 8 feet a tile f ! anci5t ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e at ,ephesus1 built by ! ,emp]or ,ju/9ian 9 ! ye> ,,dxl ov] ! traditional site ( ,/4 ,john's grave40 ,! tile 0 pres5t$ to ! ,ca!dral by ,bi%op ,k9sman ( ,delaw>e1 its au!nticity be+ atte/$ by ,pr(4 ,george ,web] ( ,smyrna1 :o procur$ x f ! ru9s on ! hill ( ,ayassol\k & :o1 9 8 lifetime1 0 a lead+ au?ority on ,ephesian ar*aeology4 ,! ,eagle ,lect]n ( bronze at ! nor? side ( ! ,*oir /eps is a replica ( an anci5t lect]n f\nd ne> ,/4 ,albans ,ca!dral1 ,engl&1 9 a lake into :i* x _h be5 ca/ :5 t /ructure 0 de/roy$ 9 ! ,saxon invasion4 ,! eagle1 /&+ on a globe1 is ! symbol ( ,/4 ,john 9 8 capacity z an ,evangeli/4 ,ar\nd ! lect]n are ! figures ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s3 ,/4 ,mat!w ) op5 book1 ,/4 ,m>k ) clos$ book & p51 ,/4 ,luke ) op5 book 9 "o h& & p5 9 o!r1 & ,/4 ,john ) *alice4 ,bel[ are _! respective symbols 7p4 #dd74 ,! lect]n 0 made by ! ,gorham ,co4 ,x be>s ! foll[+ inscription1 ! initials at ! end be+ ^? ( ! donor1 ,m>y ,g]trude ,edson ,aldri*3 8,9 ,memoriam ,horatio ,pott] ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahed-ahhg ,m4 ,g4 ,e4 ,a40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bi%op',s ,,?rone1 ,,*oir ,,/alls ,,& ,,dean',s ,,/all ,! ,*oir ,/alls1 ris+ 9 f\r ti]s on ei!r side ( ! ,*oir prop]1 are ( c>v$ ,am]ican oak4 ,! canopies are aft] /udies ( ^? 9 ! ,*apel ( ,h5ry ,,vii 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey us$ z ! ,*apel ( ! ,knights ( ! ,ord] ( ! ,ba?4 ,! f9ials ( ! /alls are figures ( great musicians & compos]s ( *ur* music1 z foll[s3 ,ea/4 ,left4 ,"r4 ,bortniansky ,m5delssohn ,h&el ,haydn ,ba* ,purcell ,tallis ,pale/r9a ,pope ,gregory ,/4 ,cecelia ,asaph ,k+ ,david ,we/4 ,! figures1 model$ by ,mr4 ,otto ,jahns51 are repres5t$ 9 ! co/umes ( _! day2 & ! features ( all b ^? ( ,david & 8 *ief musician ,asaph are f portraits4 ,! high canopi$ /all ne>e/ ! ,cross+ on ! s\? side ( ! ,*oir is ! ,dean's ,/all4#be ,x 0 design$ 9 ! (fice ( ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson & is a v skillful bl5d+ ( /yles to h>monize ) ! ,jacobean canopies ( ! ,*oir ,/alls & ! ,flamboyant note 9 ! /alls !mselves4 ,x has _m int]e/+ details ( c>v+1 notably ! ?ree panels depict+ ! ,good ,%eph]d 7front71 ,le>n+ 7ea/ side71 & ,*>ity 7we/ side74 ,on ! back ( ! /all is inscrib$3 8,9 ! ,"n ( ! ,fa!r ,son ,holy ,gho/ ,?is ,/all is ,d$icat$ by ,! ,head ,mi/resses ,association to ! ,memory ( ,agnes ,irw9 #ahda-aiad ,hold+ fa/ ! fai?ful ^w z %e _h be5 taught h]self be+ n dis- ob$i5t unto ! heav5ly vision ,head ,mi/ress ( ! ,agnes ,irw9 ,s*ool #ahfg-ahid ,fir/ ,dean ( ,radcliffe ,college #ahid-aiji ,fir/ ,presid5t ( ! ,head ,mi/resses ,association #aiaa-aiad40 ,9 ! ,presbyt]y1 on ! s\? side1 is ! l(ty ,bi%op's ,?rone ( c>v$ oak1 :ile opposite to x is "o ) a little l[] canopy = ! use ( a bi%op o!r ?an ! ,diocesan4 ,on "o ( ! ,*oir ,/alls is inscrib$3 8,^! ,/alls are ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,susan ,watts ,/reet #ahah-ahic ,by h] ,daught] ,anna ,l4 ,morton40 ,on a tablet 9 ! ,*oir is inscrib$3 8,! ,/alls ( ! ,sanctu>y & ! ,*oir are ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,memory ( ,susan ,watts ,/reet #ahah-ahic ,by h] ,daught] ,anna ,liv+/on ,morton40 ,! /alls & ! ca!dra ( ! ,diocesan 7 made by ! ,john ,b>b] ,co41 ( ,philadelphia1 & ! correspond+ ,bi%op's ?rone on ! nor? side by ,messrs4 ,irv+ ,casson1 ( ,bo/on4 ,! ,organ1 se5 9 ! upp] ar*es on ei!r side ( ! ,*oir1 conta9s #g1jjj pipes & a *ime1 connect$ by electric wires ) ! console locat$ 9 ! gall]y on ! s\? *oir scre54 ,! console has f\r manuals & two octaves ( p$als1 #ajf speak+ /ops1 #ca c\pl]s1 & #cc pi/ons4 ,! organi/1 invisible to ! congregation1 c see ! *oir & cl]gy ei!r directly or by means ( mirrors4 ,a ,go?ic tablet 9 ! s\? ,ambulatory is inscrib$3 8,?is ,organ is ,d$icat$ to ! ,praise ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,l5a ,ke>ny ,morton #ahge-aijd ,by h] ,p>5ts ,levi ,p>sons ,morton & ,anna ,liv+/on ,morton40 ,! organ 0 built by ! ,erne/ ,m4 ,sk9n] ,co41 ( ,bo/on4 7,see also ,*oir ,s*ool1 page #ajf74 ,! ,ca!dral ,flag :i* hangs above ! *oir /alls on ! nor? side ( ! ,*oir opposite ! ,am]ican flag1 be>s ^u a purple field a :ite ,lat9 cross1 on ! cross+ ( :i* is a %ield display+ ! arms ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,! %ield is divid$ by radial l9es into ?ree p>ts3 ,9 ! upp] left-h& "p 7z view$7 are ! arms ( ! city ( ,new ,york1 9 ! upp] "r-h& "p ! arms ( ! /ate2 & at ! bottom ! sev5 c&le/icks & sev5 />s ( ! ,book ( ,revelation 7ii4 #a7 symboliz+ ! sev5 *ur*es & sev5 spirits ( ! *ur*es f\nd$ by ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e 9 ,asia ,m9or4 ,! ,ca!dral flag & ! ,am]ican flag 7 giv5 by ,mrs4 ,j4 ,h]man ,aldri*4 ,! ,am]ican flag :i* is sometimes c>ri$ 9 ! procession & :i* 0 fir/ us$ 9 ! victory celebration 9 #aiah1 0 giv5 by ,mrs4 ,william ,isel94 7,see page #f74 ,! ,high ,alt> is ( :ite ,v]mont m>ble4 ,! beautiful ,go?ic ,r]$os is ( pi]re de ,l5s1 qu>ri$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ! city ( t "n 9 ! nor? ( ,france :i* 0 s t]ribly ravag$ 9 ! late w>4 ,9 ! c5t] is a maje/ic figure ( ,*ri/4 ,on ,8 left1 79 ord] f c5t] to spectator's "r7 are ,isaiah1 ,j]emiah1 ,ezekiel & ,moses1 repres5t+ ! ,old ,te/am5t2 & on ,8 "r 79 ord] f c5t] to spectator's left7 are ,/4 ,john1 ,/4 ,james1 ,/4 ,pet] & ,john ! ,bapti/1 repres5t+ ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! scale ( ! ,ca!dral may be judg$ f ! size ( ! figure ( our ,savi\r1 :i* is sev5 feet high4 ,^? ( ,moses & ,john ! ,bapti/ are #f feet #aj in*es high4 ,9 small] ni*es on ! front & sides are #af angels hold+ v>i\s emblems--palm1 sword1 %ield1 sw++ lamp1 cr[n1 trumpet1 etc4 ,"u ! p$e/als ( ! /atues are clu/]s ( grapes1 symboliz+ ,him :o gave ,8 body & blood = man4 ,! /atue ( ,*ri/ 0 made by ,sig4 ,leo ,l5telli "u ! direction ( ,mr4 ,c>l ,bitt]4 ,! o!r figures 7 made by ,mr4 ,otto ,jahns54 ,! great rectangul> panel 9 ! l[] "p ( ! ,r]$os is fill$ ) a r>e ,spani% embroid]y 9 arabesque design1 #bjj ye>s old4 ,! ,alt> & ,r]$os 7 built by ! ,b>r1 ,?aw ,fras] ,co4 ,^u ! ,alt> is ! foll[+ inscription3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,memory ( ,anna ,liv+/on ,morton #ahdf-aiah40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,high ,,alt> ,! ,cr$5ce ,table1 at ! "r 7s\?7 side ( ! ,high ,alt>1 is support$ by a %aft compos$ ( ?ree /ones f ! ru9s ( ! anci5t ,abbey ( ,bury ,/4 ,edmunds1 ,engl&1 9 :i* ! ,b>ons met on ,novemb] #bj1 #abad1 & swore be=e ! alt> to secure f ,k+ ,john ! lib]ties :i* !y embodi$ 9 ,magna ,*>ta4 ,^! relics are ( ,ca5 /one1 & may be recogniz$ by _! gray color4 ,!y 7 giv5 to ! ,ca!dral 9 #aibb1 ) ! cons5t ( ! ,abbey au?orities1 by ! ,m>quis ( ,bri/ol ?r\gh ,dr4 ,raphael ,con/antian ( ,new ,york4 ,ne> ! %aft is ! foll[+ inscription3 8,! ,adjo9+ ,%aft ,0 ,once a ,"p ( ! ,high ,alt> ( ! ,abbey ( ,bury ,/4 ,edmunds ,^u ,:i* on ,novemb] #bj1 #abad1 ! ,b>ons ,swore ,fealty to ,ea* ,o!r 9 ,wre/+ ! ,great ,*>t] f ,k+ ,john4 ,x is ,plac$ ,"h z a ,symbol ( ! ,community ( ,political ,tradition1 ,laws & ,lib]ties1 ,:i* is ! ,inh]itance ( ! ,engli% ,speak+ ,commonweal?s ,?r\gh\t ! ,_w40 ,illu/ration3 ,cr$5ce ,table ) ,%aft made ( ,magna ,*>ta ,/ones ,! ,eight ,great ,columns /&+ 9 a semicircle ar\nd ! ,sanctu>y & =m+ sev5 int]spaces opposite ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 are among ! m>vels ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,!y are approa*$ 9 size only by ^? 9 ,/4 ,isaac's ,ca!dral1 ,petrograd4 ,! %afts ( light gray granite f ,be> ,isl&1 ne> ,v9al ,hav5 on ! coa/ ( ,ma9e1 7 qu>ri$ z monoli?s & turn$ on a special la! :i* co/ #ej1jjj4 ,:5 ! fir/ two 7 subject$ to ! pressure ( poli%+ !y broke1 & ! contractor !n obta9$ p]mission to make ! %afts 9 two pieces4 ,! l[] /one 9 ea* %aft is #ch feet high & weighs #ij tons1 & ! upp] /one is #ag feet high & weighs #dj tons1 ! total height betwe5 base & capital be+ #ee feet & ! weight #acj tons4 ,! octagonal capitals ( pi]re de ,l5s by ,mr4 ,po/ repres5t s++ angels4 ,! columns 7 giv5 z memorials ( ! m5 ^: names are c>v$ on ! bases se5 9 ! ,ambulatory 7s\? to nor?37 8,alonzo ,pott]1#bf ,bi%op ( ,p5nsylvania1 #ahjj-ahfe20 8,colonel ,ri*>d ,tyld5 ,au*muty1 ,u4 ,s4 ,v41 #ahca-ahic20 8,h>ry ,manigault ,morris1 #ahag-ahib20 8,eug5e ,augu/us ,h(fman1 #ahbi-aijb20 8,john ,jacob ,a/or1 #agfc-ahdh20 8,john ,div9e ,jones1 #ahad-ahie20 8,josiah ,mason ,fiske1 #ahbc-ahib20 & 8,joseph ,lawr5ce1 #aghh-ahgb40 ,ea* column co/ #be1jjj1 n includ+ ! exp5se ( erection4 ,!y 7 made by ,mr4 ,john ,pi]ce ( ,v9al ,hav51 ,me4 ,! ,cl]e/ory ,w9d[s ( ! ,*oir1 n9e 9 numb]1 ( :i* sev5 are above ! entrances to ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 are design$ to depict ! ,book ( ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e4 ,sev5 ( !m are 9 place4 ,!y are ( pa9t$ mosaic glass made by ,messrs4 ,james ,p[ell ,sons ( ,:itefri>s1 ,london1 accord+ to ! me?ods us$ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury & co/ #aj1jjj & upw>ds apiece4 ,ea* w9d[ is ( ?ree lights ) rose w9d[ at ! top1 & is #bh feet high & #ag feet wide4 ,! sev5 w9d[s above ! entrances to ! ,sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues 7nor? to s\?7 are design$ to symbolize 9 _! circul> lights ! messages to ! sev5 *ur*es 9 ,asia m5tion$ 9 ! ,book ( ,revelation 7i4 #aa71 9 ! ord] !re nam$3 ,ephesus1 ,smyrna1 ,p]gamos1 ,?yatira1 ,s>dis1 ,philadelphia & ,laodicea4 ,!y are connect$ by ! inscriptions 9 _! l[] bord]s :i* read consecutively z foll[s3 8,grace be unto y & ,peace f ,him ,:i* is & ,:i* 0 & ,:i* is to come ,f ! ,sev5 ,spirits :i* are be=e ,8 ?rone ,jesus ,*ri/ ! ,fai?ful ,witness ,! ,fir/ ,begott5 ( ! ,dead ,! ,pr9ce ( ! ,k+s ( ! ,e>?4 ,to ,him be ,glory & ,dom9ion = ev] & ev]0 7,rev4 i4 #d-f74 ,^! w9d[s1 :i* are ( surpass+ *>m to ! unaid$ eye1 fla% out ) extraord9>y brilliancy ( color & affect+ beauty ( composition & execution1 p>ticul>ly ^? call$ 8,*ri/ ,reign+ 9 ,glory0 & 8! ,woman 9 ! ,sun10 :5 exam9$ ) long di/ance glasses 7apply to ,v]g]71 al?\gh ! less brilliant w9d[s conta9 subtle details well wor? /udy+1 z1 = in/ance1 ! symbolisms ( ! elem5ts held by ! angels 9 ! w9d[ above ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface4 ,individually1 f nor? to s\?3 ,/4 ,john & ! ,sev5 ,*ur*es are ! subject ( ! w9d[ above ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius4 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! c5tral light1 ,/4 ,john betwe5 two pray+ angels is depict$ 9 ! "* ( ,apo/le1 be>dless1 & hold+ ! sacram5tal cup--! "y ,/4 ,john1 symbolical ( love & high ideals & ! feel+ :i* fill$ all 8 writ+s2 :ile 9 ! l[] "p he appe>s z ! ag$ exile on ! ,isle ( ,patmos1 sitt+ ) book 9 lap & p5 9 h&1 li/5+ to ! angel beh9d him :o comm&s him to write 7,rev4 i4 #aa74 ,9 ! side lights are ! angels ( ! sev5 *ur*es 7i4 #aa71 be>+ on scrolls _! names3 7,upp] left7 ,ephesus2 7l[] left7 ,smyrna & ,p]gamos2 7upp] "r7 ,?yatira & ,s>dis2 7l[] "r7 ,philadelphia & ,laodicea4 ,9 ! circul> light at ! top are ! "n 8,ephesus0 & a %ield be>+ ! sev5 c&les m5tion$ 9 ! message to ! *ur* ( ,ephesus 7ii4 #a74 ,9 ! l[] bord] ( ! ?ree lights runs ! inscription3 8,grace be unto y & ,peace f ,him40 ,! w9d[ 0 giv5 by ,mrs4 ,e4 ,c4 ,ludl[ ,johnson 9 memory ( ,gabriel ,ludl[4 ,! ,natural ,elem5ts ^u :i* ! vials ( ! wra? ( ,god 7 p\r$ 7,rev4 xvi4 #b-ag7 are ! pr9cipal subject ( ! w9d[ above ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface4 ,9 ! l[] "p ( ! left side light is an angel hold+ betwe5 8 h&s ! e>? 7gre5 foliage72 9 ! middle light ?ree angels respectively hold+ ! air 7invisible71 ! sun 7yell[ gl[71 & ! sea 7gre5 waves72 & 9 ! "r side light an angel hold+ ! riv]s & f\nta9s 7blue curr5ts74 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! middle light is ! ,lamb t 0 sla9 7v4 #ab7 betwe5 ! f\r bea/s 7iv4 #g7 :i* are 9 ! side lights--on ! left1 ! lion & ! bea/ ) ! face ( a man2 & on ! "r1 ! ox & ! eagle4#bg ,9 ! circul> light at ! top are ! ^w 8,smyrna0 & a %ield be>+ ! cr[n ( life m5tion$ 9 ! message to ! *ur* 9 ,smyrna 7ii4 #aj74 ,9 ! bottom bord] is ! inscription3 8,:i* is & ,:i* 0 & ,:i* is to come40 ,a tablet 9 ! ,ambulatory reads z foll[s3 8,! ,cl]e/ory ,w9d[ ,above ! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,boniface is ,d$icat$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,annie ,all5 ,wallace ,febru>y #ad1 #ahec-;,augu/ #be1 #ahij40bh ,! ,sev5 ,angels ) ,trumpets 7,rev4 viii4 #b7 are ! ma9 subject ( ! w9d[ above ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba4 ,?ree ( !m are 9 ! l[] "p ( ! middle light & two 9 ea* ( ! side lights4 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! middle light is ! mighty angel ( ! cl\d1 ov]>*$ by ! ra9b[1 /&+ ^u ! sea1 & hold+ al(t 9 8 left h& ! little op5 book 7x4 #a1 #b74 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! left side light is ! angel ) ! seal ( ! liv+ ,god 7vii4 #b7 & 9 ! "r side light ! angel ) ! gold5 c5s] 7viii4 #c74 ,9 ! middle ( ! side lights are f\r angels 7two left & two "r7 bl[+ ! f\r w9ds ( ! e>? 7vii4 #a74 ,9 ! circul> light at ! top are ! "n 8,p]gamos0 & a %ield be>+ ! %>p two-edg$ sword ( ,him :o s5t ! message to ! *ur* 9 ,p]gamos 7ii4 #ab7 betwe5 ! ,greek lett]s & 7,jesus ,*ri/47#bi ,9 ! bottom bord] are ! words3 8,f ! sev5 ,spirits :i* are be=e ,8 ?rone40 ,a tablet 9 ! ,ambulatory reads z foll[s3 8,! ,cl]e/ory ,w9d[ ,above ! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,columba is ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( #agig ,john ,williams ,le$s #ahgc #ahjj ,eliza ,le$s #ahhe ,emily ,ir5e ,h>d5b]gh #ahii ,by ,_! ,daught] & ,si/] ,joseph9e ,eliza ,le$s ,a4 ,d4 #aiae40 ,*ri/ ,reign+ 9 ,glory1 z describ$ 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,book ( ,revelation1 is ! pr9cipal subject ( ! great c5tral w9d[ above ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r4 ,9 ! c5tral light is ! ,son ( ,man1 ) up-rais$ h&s1 ve/$ z ,k+ & ,prie/1 we>+ a royal cr[n1 a crimson mantle & a gold5 pallium4 ,he /&s 9 ! mid/ ( ! sev5 c&le/icks 7i4 #ac71 holds 9 8 "r h& ! sev5 />s 7i4 #af1 #bj71 & is surr\nd$ by w+$ s]aphim4 ,b5ea? him a ra9b[ 7iv4 #c7 ov]-ar*es ! sea ( glass 7iv4 #f74 ,9 ! side lights are ! f\r pr9cipal ar*angels3 ,/4 ,mi*ael 7left1 above17 is depict$ 9 armor z ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,cele/ial ,armies1 :ile ! balance 9 8 left h&1 suppos$ to conta9 ! s\ls ( ! dead1 symbolizes 8 "* z ,gu>dian ,angel ( ,dep>t$ ,spirits4 ,/4 ,raphael1 bel[ him1 ) pilgrim's /aff1 is repres5t$ z ! fri5dly travell]1 recall+ ,milton's 8affable ar*angel40 ,/4 ,gabriel 7"r1 above17 appe>s z ,angel ( ! ,annunciation1 z indicat$ by ! lilies 7symbol ( purity7 9 8 "r h&2 & bel[ him is ,/4 ,uriel1 z ,angel ( ,light1 hold+ ! sun4#cj ,9 ! circul> w9d[ at ! top are two angels hold+ ! morn+ /> m5tion$ 9 ! message to ! *ur* 9 ,?yatira 7ii4 #bh71 b ! "n 8,?yatira0 is lack+4 ,9 ! bord] at ! bottom ( ! ?ree lights are ! words3 8,jesus ,*ri/ ! ,fai?ful ,witness40 ,! w9d[ 0 giv5 by ,mrs4 ,:itelaw ,reid4 ,a tablet 9 ! ,ambulatory reads3 8,! ,ea/ ,w9d[ is ,erect$ 9 ,memory ( ,:itelaw ,reid ,octob] #bg1 #ahcg-;,decemb] #ae1 #aiab40 ,! ,sev5 ,la/ ,plagues 7,rev4 xv4 #a7 are ! pr9cipal subject ( ! w9d[ above ! entrance to ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs4 ,^! are repres5t$ 9 ! l[] "p ( ! w9d[ by sev5 angels hold+ ! sev5 vials conta9+ ! plagues1 ?ree 9 ! c5tral light & two 9 ea* ( ! side lights4 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! middle light is an angel hold+ al(t 9 8 "r h& ! ev]la/+ ,gospel 7xiv4 #f7 9 ! =m ( a scroll be>+ 7obscurely7 ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! left side light is ! angel ) ! measur+ rod 7xi4 #a71 & 9 ! "r side light is ! angel /&+ 9 ! sun 7n to be confus$ ) ! woman 9 ! sun m5tion$ 9 ! next w9d[17 call+ ! f[ls ( ! air to ! supp] ( ! great ,god 7xix4 #ag74 ,9 ! circul> light at ! top are ! "n 8,s>dis0 & a %ield be>+ a :ite dove 9 ! mid/ ( ! sev5 />s 7! sev5 ,spirits ( ,god17 m5tion$ 9 ! message to ! *ur* 9 ,s>dis 7iii4 #a74 ,9 ! bord] at ! bottom ( ! ?ree lights are ! words3 8,! ,fir/ ,begott5 ( ! ,dead40 ,a tablet 9 ! ,ambulatory reads3 8,! ,cl]e/ory ,w9d[ ,above ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs is ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,sophia ,r4 ,c4 ,furniss & ,m>y ,b4 ,hubb] by ,m>g>et ,e4 ,zimm]man nee ,furniss ,bless$ are ! peace-mak]s = !y %all be call$ ! *ildr5 ( ,god40 ,! ,woman 9 ! ,sun is ! title ( ! w9d[ above ! entrance to ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose4 ,9 ! c5tral light is ! woman clo!d ) ! sun & we>+ ! cr[n ( twelve />s 7,rev4 xii4 #a74 ,%e is surr\nd$ by a dazzl+ radiance ( flam+ rays4 ,above h]1 a cl\d ( glory is c>ry+ h] ,*ild up to ! ?rone ( ,god 7xii4 #e74 ,9 ! left side light1 above1 is ! angel proclaim+ ! fall ( ,babylon 7xiv4 #h71 & bel[1 symboliz+ t wick$ city1 ! woman 9 sc>let hold+ ! gold5 cup ( abom9ations & seat$ on ! bea/ f ! bottomless pit 7xvii4 #d1 #ah74 ,9 ! "r side light1 above1 is ! angel ) ! %>p sickle & ! clu/]s ( ! v9e 7xiv4 #ah71 & bel[1 ! angel ) ! keys to ! bottomless pit & ! *a9 to b9d ! dragon 7xx4 #a74 ,! :ole w9d[ symbolizes ! triumph ( ,*ri/ ov] ! =ces ( evil4 ,9 ! circul> light at ! top are ! "n 8,philadelphia0 & a %ield ^u :i*1 betwe5 six ,d's1 is ! key ( ,david m5tion$ 9 ! message to ! *ur* 9 ,philadelphia 7iii4 #g74 ,9 ! bord] at ! bottom are ! words3 8,! ,pr9ce ( ! ,k+s ( ! ,e>?40 ,a tablet 9 ! ,ambulatory is inscrib$3 8,! ,cl]e/ory ,w9d[ ,above ! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,ambrose is ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,morgan ,lewis ,liv+/on #ahjj-ahfi & ,ca?>9e ,mann+ ,liv+/on #ahaj-ahhf ,by ,_! ,daught] ,julia ,liv+/on #aiaf40 ,! ,heav5ly ,city is ! pr9cipal subject ( ! w9d[ above ! entrance to ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james4 ,9 ! l[] "p ( ! middle light is ! angel %[+ to ,/4 ,john ! ,heav5ly ,city 7,rev4 xxi4 #aj et seq47 & 9 ! upp] "p is a glorifi$ figure symboliz+ ! holy city1 new ,j]usalem1 com+ d[n f ,god out ( heav5 prep>$ z a bride adorn$ = h] husb& 7xxi4 #b74 ,b5ea? ?is figure 9 ! upp] "p is ! pure riv] ( wat] ( life1 & on ei!r side ( x is ! tree ( life ^: leaves are = ! heal+ ( ! nations 7xxii4 #a-b74 ,9 ! l[] "p ( ! left-h& light is ! angel ) ! ,alpha1 & 9 ! correspond+ "p ( ! "r-h& light is ! angel ) ! ,omega 7xxii4 #ac72 :ile above ea* ( !m is a beckon+ angel say+ 8,come0 7xxii4 #ag74 ,9 ! circul> light at ! top are ! "n ( ! *ur* ( ,laodicea & ! ^w 8,am50--! latt] be+ ! "n ( ! s5d] ( ! message to ! ,laodiceans 7iii4 #ad7 & ! ^w ) :i* ! ,book ( ,revelation & ! ,bible end 7xxii4 #ba74 ,9 ! bottom bord] ( ! ?ree lights is ! inscription3 8,to ,him be ,glory & ,dom9ion = ,ev] & ,ev]40 ,! w9d[ 0 giv5 9 memory ( ,m>y ,c4 & ,dr4 ,john ,d4 ,ogd5 by _! *ildr5 ,francis ,l4 ,ogd51 ,m>g>et ,ogd51 ,mrs4 ,g>d9] ,%]man & ,mrs4 ,francis ,c4 ,mc,nutt4 ,! ,ambulatory ,! ,ambulatory 7#ab-ab-ab7 is a passage ab\t #bj feet wide lead+ entirely ar\nd ! ,*oir & giv+ access to ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 ! ,sacri/y1 & o!r environm5ts ( ! ,*oir4 ,"s ( ! features h already be5 describ$4 ,! symbolism ( ! e>?ly life 9 ! pavem5t1 be=e m5tion$ 7p4 #ea71 is noticeable 9 ! l>ge areas ( clay-r$ tiles ) bord]s ( grassy gre5 s]p5t9e & gre5 m>ble f ,p5nsylvania4 ,! beautifully color$ wa9scot+ betwe5 ! great pill>s is ( ,grecian m>ble f ! isl& ( ,scyrus4 ,! ,ambulatory is ent]$ ?r\gh elaborately wr\ght /eel gateways1 #cj feet high1 9 ! ar*ways on ei!r side ( ! great ar* ( ! ,*oir4 ,! gates1 made by ,messrs4 ,w>r5 ,wetmore1 7 pres5t$ by ! ,ca!dral ,league & ! ,diocesan ,auxili>y4 ,9 ! s\? ,ambulatory gateway is a :ite m>ble tablet1 %[+ 9 relief two angels & two portrait m$allions ( ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,levi ,p4 ,morton1 & be>+ ! foll[+ inscription3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,endur+ ,memory ( ,levi ,p>sons ,morton #ahbd-aibj ,vice-,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nor ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york & ( ,8 ,wife ,anna ,liv+/on ,morton #ahdf-aiah ,^: ,gifts ,made ,possible ! ,build+ & ! ,furni%+ ( ! ,*oir ( ?is ,ca!dral ,yea sai? ! ,_s t ,!y ,may ,re/ f ,_! ,lab\rs & ,_! ,works d ,foll[ ,!m40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,f\nd]',s ,,tomb ,! ,f\nd]'s ,tomb1 conta9+ ! rema9s ( ,bi%op ,horatio ,pott]1 six? ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1#ca 9 ! ,ambulatory betwe5 ! f\r? & fif? great pill>s opposite ! entrance to ,/4 ,savi\r's ,*apel1 is a beautiful example ( an 8alt> tomb0 su* z are se5 9 _m ,engli% *ur*es4 ,its position1 imm$iately beh9d ! ,high ,alt>1 is t traditionally res]v$ = ! ,f\nd] ( a ca!dral4 ,x is design$ 9 ! ,engli% ,go?ic /yle ( ! #ae? c5tury aft] /udies ( ! tomb ( ,edw>d ! ,confessor 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey4 ,! s>cophagus1 ! recumb5t figure ( ! ,bi%op & ! figures ( ! five ornam5tal ni*es ( ! front are ( ,indiana lime/one4 ,! figures1 f left to "r1 are ^? ( 7#a7 ,edw>d ! ,confessor1 ) cr[n1 scept] & orb2 7#b7 ,/4 ,remigius1 ) cup & sc\rge2 7#c7 ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 ) p51 book & eagle2 7#d7 ,/4 ,isidore1 ) mit]1 pallium & crozi]2 & 7#e7 ,/4 ,!odosius ( ! ,ea/]n ,*ur*1 we>+ a coronet ) cross1 hold+ a /aff & read+ f a scroll4 ,above ! ni*es is a decorative m\ld+ ( oak leaves & acorns#cb ) little squirrels at ! ends4 ,on ! edge ( ! slab on :i* ! ,bi%op's figure re/s is inscrib$3 8,horatio ,pott]1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,oxon4 ,six? ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1 ,f\nd] ( ?is ,ca!dral4 ,di$ #b;d ,jany4 #ahhg1 ,ag$ #he ,yrs40 ,on ! re> ( ! s>cophagus is inscrib$ 8,/4 ,john's ,day ,anno ,dom9i #aiba10 ! day on :i* ! ,bi%op's rema9s 7 transf]r$ f ,p\ghkeepsie to ?is tomb4 ,above ! tomb1 rea*+ to a height ( #ae feet above ! pavem5t1 is a canopy ( ,am]ican oak ) ri*ly c>v$ frieze & cre/+1 support$ on corbels spr++ f ! great granite columns on ei!r side4 ,a n>r[ /airway beh9d ! columns & ! tomb leads to a l&+ :i* p]mits a clos] view ( ! figure ( ,bi%op ,pott]4 ,! ar*itect 0 ,mr4 ,?omas ,na% ( ,new ,york & ! sculptor ( ! figures 0 ,mr4 ,isidore ,konti ( ,yonk]s1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! ,br[nell ,memorial ,tablet on ! wall ( ! bay at ! entrance to ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius reads z foll[s3 8,9 ,memory ( ,! ,"r ,rev]5d ,?omas ,*ur* ,br[nell1 ,s4,t4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 ,born #aggi ,di$ #ahfe ,?ird ,bi%op ( ,connecticut #ahai-ahfe ,presid+ ,bi%op #aheb-ahfe & 9 ,grateful ,remembrance ( ! ,f\ndation ( ! ,bi%op ,br[nell ,memorial ,fund = ! ,end[m5t ( ! ,ca!dral by ,8 ,daught] ,frances ,john/on ,holl&40 ,! ,*oir ,boys' ,/one on "o ( ! pi]s ( ! ,ambulatory ne> ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius1 is ! bu/ ( a boy ( ! class ( #aiaa1 c>v$ by ,mr4 ,william ,scott4 ,x repres5ts ! *oir boys' contribution to ! build+ ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,! ,sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues ,! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues1 built ar\nd ! ,*oir on l9es conv]g+ t[>d ! ,sanctu>y & d]iv+ _! "n f ! fact t !y 7 int5d$ = s]vices ( ! *ur* 9 ! languages ( ! pr9cipal e?nological gr\ps or regions ( ! _w1 are "o ( ! noble/ conceptions ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,9 e>ly ,go?ic *ur*es1 ! fundam5tal idea ( ! apse ) radiat+ *apels 0 ,*ri/ 9 ! company ( 8 ,sa9ts4 ,"h1 9 ! great cosmopolitan ,diocese ( ,new ,york1 ?is idea has appropriately be5 c>ri$ a /ep fur!r 9 ^! *apels to include ! idea ( all ! nations ( ! e>? ga!r$ ar\nd ! ,alt> ( ! ,savi\r ( ,mank9d4 ,!y recall ! cry ( ! multitude 9 ,j]usalem at ,p5teco/3 8,h[ he> we e man 9 our own tongue :]e9 we 7 born 444 ! wond]ful works ( ,god0 7,acts ii4 #h1 #aa74 ,among ! int]e/+ s]vices held 9 ^! *apels are ^? 9 ! ea/]n 7,/4 ,savi\r's7 *apel = ! ,japanese & ,*9ese 9 _! languages & = color$ p 9 ,engli%4 ,! _s fo/]$ by ^! *apels is occasionally reflect$ 9 great congregations1 entirely ( ,italians1 entirely ( negroes1 or pr$om9antly ( "s o!r race1 at s]vices held 9 ! ma9 "p ( ! ,ca!dral fill+ x to its utmo/ capacity4#cc ,s]vices 9 ,engli% are held 9 "o or m ( ! *apels e day ( ! ye>1 & (t5times w$d+s & baptisms are held 9 !m4 ,z a gr\p1 ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues eloqu5tly express ! ca?olic & democratic _s ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e ref]r$ to on page #ad4 ,!y may be visit$ 9 ord] ei!r f s\? to nor? or nor? to s\?2 b by beg9n+ on ! s\? side !y w be se5 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y 7 obs]v$ on ! ext]ior 7p4 #ca71 & by look+ ?r\gh ! ar*ways ( ! ,*oir to ! opposite side ( ! ,ambulatory1 glimpses may be _h ( ! tape/ries & ! cl]e/ory w9d[s 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y h be5 describ$4 ,! *apels are all sep>ate gifts & are memorials ( ! p]sons m5tion$ "u _! respective head+s foll[+3 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james ,,/4 ,,james1 ! ,apo/le1 aft] :om ?is *apel is nam$1 0 ! son ( ,zeb$ee & 0 a ,galilean fi%]man4 ,he is sometimes call$ ,/4 ,james ! ,great to di/+ui% him f ano!r ,apo/le call$ ,/4 ,james ! ,less4 ,he 0 a bro!r ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e4 ,he w5t almo/ ev]y:]e ) ! ,"l4 ,aft] ! asc5sion1 he prea*$ a :ile 9 ,judea & !n 9 ,spa94 ,aft] 8 mission !re1 he 0 behead$ by ! ,jews1 &1 accord+ to tradition1 8 body 0 miracul\sly transport$ back to ,spa91 :]e 8 relics are said to re/ at ,compo/ella4 ,spani% hi/orians *ronicle #ch in/ances 9 :i* he is believ$ to h desc5d$ f heav5 & 9 %9+ :ite armor l$ ! ,spani% armies aga9/ ! ,moors4 ,"u ! ,spani% equival5t ( 8 "n1 ,/4 ,iago or ,santiago1 he became ! patron sa9t ( ,spa9 & 8 "n 0 adopt$ z ! ,spani% w>-cry4 ,8 %r9e at ,compo/ella 0 "o ( ! mo/ popul> = pilgrimages 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 & x 0 said t two visits to ,compo/ella equal$ "o to ,rome4 ,/4 ,james is usually repres5t$ 9 ! dress ( a pilgrim ) a peculi> /aff4 ,8 ,memorial ,day is ,july #be4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james 7#ac on plan71 design$ by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,vaughan1 is 9 pure ,engli% ,go?ic ,ar*itecture ( ! #ad? c5tury2 #ff feet long & #ci wide1 ) a sort ( transept on ! nor? side #ae feet wide2 seats #bej p]sons1 & co/ ab\t #bjj1jjj4 ,its int]ior walls are ( ,b$=d1 ,ind41 lime/one4 ,on ! front ( ! ,alt> ( gray ,knoxville1 ,t5n4 m>ble1 is sculptur$ ,da,vinci's ,la/ ,supp]4 ,! c5tral feature ( ! lime/one ,r]$os is a relief repres5t+ ! ,transfiguration1 aft] ,raphael4 ,9 f\r ni*es1 two on ei!r side ( ! ,transfiguration1 are /atues ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s ) _! appropriate emblems at _! feet 7left to "r37 ,/4 ,mat!w ) w+$ man2 ,/4 ,m>k ) lion2 ,/4 ,luke ) ox2 & ,/4 ,john ) eagle4 ,b5ea? ! ,transfiguration is a small] sculpture ( ! ,nativity1 ) an alleluia angel on ea* side4 ,on f\r escut*eons1 two on ea* side ( ! ,nativity1 are emblems ( ! condemnation & crucifixion 7left to "r37 7#a7 ,cr[n ( ?orns & spe> 7,john xix4 #b1 #e1 #cd72 7#b7 pill> to :i* ,*ri/ 0 b\nd = sc\rg+1 cord1 knott$ sc\rge 7,john xix4 #a7 & sponge on re$ 7,john xix4 #bi72 7#c7 ladd]1 sponge on re$ & spe>2 & 7#d7 hamm]1 p9c]s1 coat1 & ?ree dice 7,m>k xv4 #bd74 ,beautifully c>v$ canopies surm\nt$ by six ador+ angels cr[n ! ,r]$os4 ,! /a9$ glass ,ea/ ,w9d[1 by ,c4 ,e4 ,kempe ,co4 ( ,london above ! ,r]$os1 depicts 9 its ?ree lights 7left to "r7 ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 ,/4 ,james & ,/4 ,v9c5t4 ,9 two wall$-up panels ( ! w9d[1 "o on ea* side ( ! glass1 are /atues ( ,/4 ,pet] ) keys 7left7 & ,/4 ,paul ) sword 7"r74 ,! ,sa9t ,james ,w9d[ 9 ! middle bay ( ! s\? aisle portrays 9 its f\r lights sc5es 9 ! life ( ! patron sa9t ( ,spa9 7see page #ga7 & o!r subjects1 z foll[s1 read+ f left to "r3 ,bottom1 7#a7 ,coat-(-arms ( ,/4 ,john & ! words1 8,james1 s]vant ( ,god20 7#b7 ,/4 ,james prea*+ to ! natives ( ,spa92 7#c7 ,/4 ,james be=e ! judge1 =giv+ 8 accus] & giv+ him 8 bless+1 8,peace be ) !e20 7#d7 ,coat-(-arms ( ,k+ ,ramira ,i ( ,spa91 & ! words 7to be read ) ^? fir/ quot$71 8,& ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/40 ,middle1 7#a7 8,unto 8 %r9e ! mighty & ! l[ly f>$ on pilgrimage20 7#b7 8,/4 ,james1 ! radiant knight1 ^u a great :ite horse20 7#c7 8,be=e ! bann] ( 8 "n ! ,moori% w>riors fl$20 7#d7 8,at ,compo/ella /ill m5 s]ve ,santiago's %r9e40 ,top1 7#a7 angel ) - symbol2 7#b7 8,!y bore 8 body to a %ip t sail$ = ,spa920 7#c7 8,ov] 8 tomb !y built a *apel pass+ fair20 7#d7 ,angel ) ,i*?us symbol4#cd ,9 ! trac]y at ! extreme top is a repres5tation ( ! ,crucifixion4 ,! w9d[ 0 giv5 by ,bi%op ,pott]'s daught]s & 0 design$ & made by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,wynd ,"y1 glass-pa9t]1 ( ,new ,york ,city4 ,9 ni*es ( ! walls ( ! *apel are ! foll[+ /atues & symbols3 ,ea/ ,wall1 ,/4 ,augu/9e ( ,engl& ) crozi] 7left7 & ,/4 ,gregory ! ,great 7:o s5t him to ,engl&7 ) papal ti>a & papal cross 7"r7 ,we/ ,wall1 end ( ma9 aisle1 above1 ,*ri/ betwe5 8 k9sm5 ,/4 ,james ! ,great 7left7 & ,/4 ,james ! ,less 7"r72 & at end ( s\? aisle1 ! ,v5]able ,b$e4 ,on f\r escut*eons1 two on ea* side ( ! we/ door1 are3 7#a7 ,a floriat$ cross 7emblematic ( ! fl[]+ or productiv5ess ( ! ,*ri/ian religion72 7#b7 ! monogram ihc 7repres5t+ ! fir/ two & la/ lett]s1 uncial =m1 ( ! ,greek ^w = ,jesus#ce72 7#c7 ! ,greek cross =m ( ! *i rho monogram 7fir/ two ,greek lett]s ( ! "n ,*ri/72 & 7#d7 ! ,alpha & ,omega1 ! fir/ & la/ lett]s ( ! ,greek alphabet1 7,rev4 i4 #h74 ,nor? ,wall1 /atue ( ,william ( ,wykeham4 ,9 ! upp] "p ( ! nor? wall is ! gall]y ( ! organ1 :i* is indep5d5t ( ! great organ ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,*oir ,/alls ne> ! ,alt> are a di/9ctive feature ( ?is *apel4 ,two clu/]$ columns divide ! s\? aisle into ?ree bays 9 ! middle "o ( :i* is ,bi%op ,pott]'s ,tomb1 ( ,si5a m>ble4 ,on ! tomb is a recumb5t figure ( ! ,bi%op 9 ,s]evezza m>ble1 by ,mr4 ,james ,e4 ,fraz]4 ,! ,bi%op is repres5t$ 9 8 episcopal robes1 & ! execution is s f9e t ev5 ! texture ( ! lawn sleeves is app>5t4 ,on ! front ( ! tomb is inscrib$3 8,h5ry ,codman ,pott] ,,mdccclxxxiii ,assi/ant ,bi%op ( ,new ,york ,,mdccclxxxvii ,bi%op ( ,new ,york ,,mdccclxxxvii-,,mcmviii ,uphold] ( ,righte\sness & ,tru? ,soldi] & ,s]vant ( ,jesus ,*ri/40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sanctu>y ,,( ,,! ,,*apel ,,( ,,/4 ,,james ,on ! re>3 8,he lab\r$ t ?is ,ca!dral ,*ur* ,%\ld rise to ! ,glory ( ,god & z ,a witness to ! ,life ( our ,"l & ,ma/] ,jesus ,*ri/ t "h ! pray]s ( ! *ildr5 ( _m l&s %\ld rise to t ,fa!r 9 :om alone all m5 are bro!rs ,^: s]vice is p]fect fre$om40 ,ar\nd ! edge ( ! top slab3 8,i saw ! ,holy ,city com+ d[n f ,god out ( ,heav5 & ,i he>d a great voice say+ ,behold ! tab]nacle ( ,god is ) m5 & he w dwell ) !m & !y %all be 8 p40 ,on ! we/ wall is inscrib$3 8,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james ,consecrat$ ,may #b1 #aiaf ,to ! ,wor%ip ( ,almighty ,god ,& 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,h5ry ,codman ,pott] ,bi%op ( ,new ,york ,born ,may #be1 #ahcd ,di$ ,july #ba1 #aijh ,! ,gift ( ,8 ,wife ,elizabe? ,scriv5 ,pott] ,born ,septemb] #cj1 #ahdh ,di$ ,m>* #d1 #aiji40 ,/ory ( ! ,bl9d ,woman4 ,a beautiful & t\*+ incid5t occurr$ 9 ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james a few ye>s ago4 ,"o day1 a woman :o 0 bl9d1 deaf1 & c\ld make only a few h>dly articulate s\nds1 b :o 0 cultur$ & c\ld read by t\*1 visit$ ! ,ca!dral ) ano!r woman4 ,! ,v]g]1 ! late ,*>les ,f4 ,b>n>d1 fir/ l$ h] ! full l5g? ( ! ,ca!dral 9 ord] t %e might compreh5d its size4 ,!n ! g5]al features ( ! edifice 7 communicat$ by h] fri5d by ! t\* ( _! h&s4 ,! wood & /one c>v+s1 h[ev]1 %e read ) h] own f+]s4 ,:5 %e came to ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james1 %e wi%$ to feel ( ,bi%op ,pott]'s features z reproduc$ 9 ! effigy on 8 tomb1 b on acc\nt ( ! delicacy ( ! m>ble1 visitors are n all[$ to t\* x4 ,! bl9d woman1 h[ev]1 produc$ f h] bag a pair ( ?9 :ite gloves1 & by signs ask$ if %e might feel ( ! /atue if %e put !m on4 ,! ,v]g] ass5t+1 %e ran h] f+]s deftly ov] ! ,bi%op's c\nt5ance1 felt ( ! signet r+ on 8 f+]1 etc41 & !n1 satisfi$1 proce$$ to ! ,alt>4 ,"h %e knelt d[n & began to feel ( ! relief repres5t+ ,da,vinci's ,la/ ,supp]4 ,z soon z %e recogniz$ ! "w1 %e ?rew up h] h&s 9 ec/asy & exclaim$ 9 brok5 acc5ts1 ! be/ %e c\ld utt]1 8,v9ci6 ,v9ci60 ,! v5]able ,v]g]1 9 relat+ ?is incid5t1 said t he 0 mov$ to te>s by ! spectacle ( ! bl9d woman1 kneel+ be=e ! ,alt>1 ) up-rais$ h&s1 8see+0 ! ,ca!dral ?r\gh ! s5se ( t\*4 ,"o may well ask1 if ?is bl9d woman c\ld see s mu* spiritual beauty 9 ! ,ca!dral )\t eyes1 h[ mu* m ought ^? to see :o h ! bless$ gift ( sight4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose ,,/4 ,,ambrose1 or ,ambrogio1 ! namesake ( ?is *apel1 0 born 9 ,treves ab\t #cdj1 ! son ( a ,roman ,prefect 9 ,gaul 7n[ ,france74 ,:ile 9 8 cradle "o day1 a sw>m ( bees settl$ ^u him1 clu/]+ ar\nd 8 m\?1 b do+ him no h>m4 ,a simil> ?+ hav+ happ5$ to ,plato1 x 0 consid]$ an om5 ( future greatness4 ,he /udi$ law at ,rome1 became a magi/rate 9 upp] ,italy ) c\rt at ,milan1 & by 8 wisdom & g5tl5ess won su* popul> e/eem t :5 call$ ^u to settle ( succession ( ! bi%opric ( ,milan betwe5 ! ,arians & ,ca?olics he himself 0 *os5 by bo? p>ties to be ,bi%op ( t see4 ,he 0 "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ fa!rs ( ! *ur*4 ,8 mo/ di/9ctive symbol is ! bee-hive1 al?\gh two human bones1 ! sc\rge1 ! crozi]1 ! mitre1 etc4 are sometimes us$4 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/ ,ambrose is kept on ,april #d4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose 7#ad on plan71 design$ by ,messrs4 ,c>r]e ,ha/+s1 is 9 mod]n ,r5aissance ,ar*itecture4 ,x is ab\t #ej feet long & #bg wide1 seats #ajj p]sons & co/ ov] #aej1jjj4 ,! floor is inlaid ) grey ,si5a & r$ ,v]ona m>bles1 bord]$ ) cream color$ ,c5]e m>ble4 ,! walls are l9$ ) ,rosato m>ble4 ,on ! "u side ( ! m>ble ar*way at ! entrance are reliefs repres5t+ ! ,?ree ,p]sons ( ! ,tr9ity ) angels1 z foll[s3 7,left7 ! ,fa!r 9 human =m#cf1 ) triangul> nimbus1 hold+ ! globe ( sov]eignty2 angel ) lute2 angel ) lily2 7top7 ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 =m ( ! dove2 angel ) trumpet2 angel pray+2 & 7"r7 ! ,son 9 =m ( ! ,pas*al ,lamb4 ,! false p]spective ( ! side walls is simil> to t 9 ! ,sacri/y ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,si5a4 ,9 ! sp&rels ( ! false ar*es ( ! left-h& wall 7z "o faces ! ,alt>7 are figures 9 relief 7read+ f entrance t[>d ,alt>7 (3 ,moses & ! prophets ,isaiah1 ,j]emiah & ,ezekiel2 & on ! opposite wall1 9 same ord]1 ,/4 ,mat!w ) *]ub1 ,/4 ,m>k ) lion1 ,/4 ,luke ) ox1 & ,/4 ,john ) eagle4 ,! ceil+ is ( :ite m>ble c>v$ 9 l[ relief4 ,f ! ceil+ hang f\r silv] lamps1 "o an antique ,italian lamp & ! o!rs copi$ f x4 ,on ! front ( ! ,alt> ( alaba/] are ?ree gold5 ornam5ts1 repres5t+ ! ,pas*al ,lamb 7,*ri/7 betwe5 two angels sw++ c5s]s1 ! latt] symboliz+ ! pray]s ( all sa9ts 7,rev4 viii4 #c74 ,! ,r]$os1 n copi$ f any "o ,european prototype b inspir$ by _m examples f\nd 9 ! transitional & e>ly ,r5aissance p]iod 9 ,italy1 is ( c>v$ wood ov]laid ) gold leaf4 ,! l[] "p consi/s ( a tripty*1 cov]$ by an elaborate canopy & flank$ by ni*es 9 :i* are /atues ( ,/4 ,francis 7left7 & ,/4 ,ambrose 7"r74 ,9 ni*es at ! left ( ! canopy are figures 7left to "r7 ( a kneel+ angel1 ,/4 ,b5$ict ) crozi]1 ,/4 ,agnes 9 female app>el1 & ,dante 9 r$ g[n & hood2 & at ! "r 7same ord]7 ,fra ,angelico1 ,galileo ) globe1 ,savon>ola1 & kneel+ angel4 ,^u ! cross ( ! canopy is a dove1 symboliz+ ,god ! ,holy ,gho/2 above t is ! all-see+ eye 9 a triangle )9 a sun-bur/1 symboliz+ ,god ! ,fa!r2 & on ! top-mo/ spire is ! figure ( ,god ! ,son1 hold+ a cross & pron\nc+ a b5$iction4 ,! ,apse ,w9d[s1 "o on ea* side ( ! ,alt>1 transmit a s(t amb] light :i* gives a peculi> *>m to ?is *apel4 ,ea* has a bord] ( ,italian ,r5aissance trac]y1 )9 :i* is a field ( _m small panes ( lead$ glass4 ,9 ! left w9d[ ^! panes are ornam5t$ ) repeat$ designs repres5t+ ! *alice ) em]g+ s]p5t & ! eagle 7symbols ( ,/4 ,john71 fl[]s1 & ! *i-rho monogram4 ,9 ! upp] "p are ! sev5 />s & c&le/icks f ! ,ca!dral seal1 & ! leg5d1 8,sigil4 ,eccles4 ,ca?4 ,s4 ,johan20 & 9 ! l[] "p ! words1 8,= ,god is ! ,k+ ( all ! ,e>?4 ,s+ ye ,praises ) ,und]/&+40 ,9 ! "r w9d[ ! panes are ornam5t$ ) repetitions ( ! bee-hive1 mitre & sc\rges 7symbols ( ,/4 ,ambrose71 ! cross & wrea?1 fl[]s1 & ! - & ,,ihs symbols4 ,ne> ! middle is a small fragm5t ( br[n glass1 m>k$ ) an 8,r01 f ,rheims ,ca!dral4 ,9 ! upp] "p is ! coat-(-arms ( ,/4 ,ambrose--! bee-hive1 mitre & crozi]s--) ! leg5d1 8,sigil4 ,sanct4 ,ambrosii10 & 9 ! l[] "p are ! words1 8,god is our ,refuge & ,/r5g?1 a ,v ,pres5t ,help 9 ,tr\ble40 ,! w9d[s 7 made by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,wynd ,"y1 glass-pa9t]1 "u ! sup]vision ( ,messrs4 ,godw9 ,sullivant1 ar*itects1 ( ,new ,york4 ,along ! side walls are ,/alls & ,wa9scot+ ( d>k ,italian walnut1 inlaid ) pe>-wood 9 designs includ+ ! /> ( ! ea/1 *alice1 ,lat9 cross1 patri>*al cross1 & ,bi%op's mitre4 ,inlaid 9 ! top bord] ( ! wa9scot+ is ?is inscription3 7,left7 8,holy1 ,holy1 ,holy1 ,"l ,god ( ,ho/s4 ,heav5 & e>? are full ( ?y glory4 ,glory be to ,!e1 ,o ,"l ,mo/ ,high4 ,bless$ is he t come? 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4 ,hosannah 9 ! ,highe/4 7,"r7 ,o ,lamb ( ,god1 t take/ away ! s9s ( ! _w1 grant u ?y peace4 ,glory be to ,god on high1 & on e>? peace1 good w t[>ds m54 ,?\ only1 ,o ,*ri/1 ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 art mo/ high 9 ! ,glory ( ,god ! ,fa!r40 ,! wr\ght iron ,italian ,scre5 at ! entrance to ! *apel is be/ se5 f ! inside4 ,^u ! f9ials at ei!r end are angels bl[+ trumpets1 & ! space betwe5 !m is divid$ by sev5 tall c&le/icks into eight spaces1 9 :i* are bronze gr\ps repres5t+ sc5es 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,ambrose 7left to "r37 7#a7 ,8 y\?2 7#b7 settl+ ! succession ( ! bi%opric ( ,milan2 7#c7 8 baptism2 7#d7 nuns & 7#e7 monks1 li/5+ to ! prea*+ ( ,/4 ,ambrose1 :o /&s betwe5 !m fac+ ! ,alt>2 7#f7 ! public p5ance be=e ,/4 ,ambrose ( ,emp]or ,!odosius :o caus$ ! massacre ( ! ,!ssalonians2 7#g7 lay+ ! corn]-/one ( ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,ambrogio 9 ,milan2 & 7#h7 8 dea?4 ,b5ea? ! figure ( ,/4 ,ambrose :o /&s betwe5 ! nuns & monks is a bee-hive ) cross$ crozi]s4 ,! scre5 0 design$ by ,mr4 ,?omas ,ha/+s & 0 made by ,messrs4 ,e4 ,f4 ,caldwell ,co41 ( ,new ,york4 ,on ! s\? wall is inscrib$3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,augu/us ,:it+ ,s>ah ,swan ,:it+ ,jane ,:it+ ,amelia ,:it+ ,davis ,augu/us ,:it+1 ,jr41 ,natica ,rives ,burd5 ,?is ,*apel has be5 ,erect$ by ,s>a ,:it+ ,rives40 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs ,,/4 ,,m>t91 aft] :om ?is *apel is nam$1 born 9 #caf1 9 8 "y manhood 0 a ,roman soldi] 9 ,gaul4 ,"o w9try day1 7accord+ to ! traditional /ory relat$ by ,rusk9 9 8 8,bible ( ,ami5s107 :5 ,m>t9 0 rid+ =? f ! city ( ,ami5s1 he saw a begg> %iv]+ by ! roadside2 :]eupon he divid$ 8 cloak ) 8 sword & gave "o half to ! begg>4 ,t night 9 a vision he saw ,*ri/ we>+ ! half cloak & surr\nd$ by angels4 ,& ,*ri/ said to ! angels3 8,"k ye :o ha? ?us array$ me8 ,my s]vant ,m>t91 ?\gh yet unbaptiz$1 ha? done ?is40 ,aft] ?is1 ,m>t9 0 baptiz$2 b he rema9$ a soldi] = #ag ye>s4 ,!n1 aft] sev]al ye>s ( religi\s works1 he 0 made ,bi%op ( ,t\rs4 ,x is relat$ t "o day1 :5 go+ to *ur* 9 8 full robes1 he practically repeat$ ! *>itable act be=em5tion$ by giv+ 8 /ole to a ragg$ begg>2 & :5 ,/4 ,m>t9 0 at ! alt>1 elevat+ ! ,ho/1 a globe ( light appe>$ above him & angels desc5d$ & hung *a9s ( gold & jewels 7n ( e>?7 on 8 b>e arms4 ,sweet1 s]5e & de>ly belov$1 he 0 ,bi%op & ,knight ( ! ,poor1 & ! divid$ cloak & sword are 8 special symbols4 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/4 ,m>t9 is kept on ,novemb] #aa4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs 7#ae on plan71 design$ by ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson1 is 9 e>ly #ac? c5tury ,go?ic ,ar*itecture2 ab\t ! same size z ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ambrose2 & co/ ab\t #aej1jjj4 ,its int]ior walls are fac$ ) light color$ ,b$=d1 ,ind4 lime/one4 ,! l[] half ( ! walls is occupi$ by ,go?ic arcatures1 9 ! trefoil$ ar*es ( :i* are fleurs de lis4 ,"u ! fleurs de lis1 9 m$iaeval text1 runs ! inscription3 7,left side37 8,!y t be wise %all %9e z ! bright- ness ( ! firm- am5t & !y t turn _m to righte\s- ness z ! />s =ev] & ev] 7,"r side37 ,! ,peace ( ,god :i* passe? all "u- /&+ %all keep y\r he>ts & m9ds ?r\gh ,*ri/ ,jesus40 ,a little above ! arcature is a bord] ( roses4 ,! upp] half ( ! side walls pres5ts a unique feature 9 a sort ( tri=ium gall]y built 9 ! ?ickness ( ! wall4 ,! pavem5t ( ,knoxville1 ,t5n4 p9k m>ble is bord]$ ) black ,belgian m>ble4 ,! simple m>ble ,alt> 9 ! =m ( a table re/+ on r$ m>ble pill>s has no r]$os4 ,! ,sev5 ,w9d[s1 ?ree 9 ! ,sanctu>y & f\r 9 ! cl]e/ory1 by ,mr4 ,*>les ,connick ( ,bo/on1 ,mass41 are ( grisaille#cg "w 9 geometrical designs1 ! ,sanctu>y w9d[s be+ inset ) pictorial m$allions 9 pa9t$ mosaic glass 9 ! m$iaeval /yle4 ,9 ! c5tral w9d[ ov] ! ,alt> ! m$allions depict sc5es 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,m>t9 z foll[s1 beg9n+ at ! bottom & read+ upw>d3 ,9 ! left-h& light 7#a7 ,/4 ,m>t9 receives sword & ent]s army2 7#b7 divides 8 cloak ) ! begg>2 7#c7 has vision ( ,*ri/ we>+ ! sev]$ cloak :i* he _h giv5 to ! begg>2 & 7#d7 is baptiz$4 ,9 ! middle light1 7#a7 ,he conv]ts ! robb]2 7#b7 revives ! dead man2 7#c7 is affectionately welcom$ on 8 return to ,t\rs2 & 7#d7 de/roys ! hea!n temple4 ,9 ! "r-h& light1 7#a7 ,he int]c$es ) ,c\nt ,avitianus = ! release ( prison]s2 7#b7 pleads = ,priscillian's life2 7#c7 dies2 & 7#d7 ! %ip be>+ 8 body is my/]i\sly propell$4 ,9 ! middle light ( ! w9d[ at ! left ( ! ,alt> are sc5es 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,l\is3 7#a7 ,8 coronation2 7#b7 8 release ( prison]s at ,p>is2 7#c7 8 m9i/ration to sick soldi]s dur+ ! fir/ ,crusade2 & 7#d7 8 dep>ture on ! second ,crusade4 ,9 ! middle light ( ! w9d[ at ! "r ( ! ,alt> are sc5es 9 ! life ( ,joan ( ,arc3 7#a7 ,h] vision2 7#b7 ! capture ( ,orleans2 7#c7 ! coronation ( ,*>les ,,vii42 & 7#d7 h] m>tyrdom at ! /ake4 ,9 ! circul> lights at ! top ( ! sev5 w9d[s are ! foll[+ coats-(-arms 7left to "r73 7#a7 ,on a blue field1 ?ree gold5 fleurs de lis above a :ite wrea? ( oak & laurel ) r$ fruit1 repres5t+ ! ,city ( ,rheims4#ch 7#b7 ,on a blue field spr9kl$ ) gold5 fleurs de lis1 ! ,"m & ,*ild1 repres5t+ ! ,ca!dral ( ,notre ,dame 9 ,p>is4 7#c7 ,sev5 horizontal b>s1 alt]nately blue & gold1 be+ ! arms ( ,b]tr& d',es*aux1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,t\rs4 7#d7 ,on a blue field1 a :ite ,lat9 cross ) trefoil$ ends1 be+ ! arms ( ! ,*apt] ( ,poiti]s4 7#e7 ,on a blue cloak surr\nd$ by r$1 a :ite sword1 cross-hilt upw>d1 emblematic ( ,/4 ,m>t94 7#f7 ,on a blue field spr9kl$ ) gold5 fleurs de lis1 a r$ ,greek cross1 repres5t+ ! ,ar*diocese ( ,rheims4#ci 7#g7 ,on a blue field1 ?ree gold5 fleurs de lis "u a :ite 8label0 or m>k ( cad5cy ( elde/ son1#dj be+ ! royal arms ( ! ,dukes ( ,orleans4 ,a ,/atue ( ,joan ( ,arc1 express+ h] spiritual "*1 by ,miss ,anna ,vaughn ,hyatt1 0 plac$ 9 ?is *apel 9 #aibb4 ,x 0 giv5 by ,mr4 ,j4 ,san=d ,saltus ?r\gh ,dr4 ,george ,f4 ,kunz1 ,presid5t ( ! ,joan ( ,arc ,/atue ,committee :i* erect$ ! eque/rian /atue ( ! ,maid by ! same sculptress 9 ,riv]side ,drive4 ,ne> x are two r\gh /ones f ! ,*ateau de ,r\5 9 :i* ! ,maid 0 imprison$ at ! "t ( h] trial & f :i* %e 0 l$ to ! /ake4 ,! wr\ght-iron ,scre5 ( beautiful trac]y at ! entrance1 design$ 9 ! (fice ( ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson & made by ,messrs4 ,f4 ,krass] ,co41 ( ,bo/on1 is a p>ticul>ly lovely example ( ?is =m ( art4 ,:ile n copi$ f any exi/+ m$iaeval prototype1 x %[s ! influ5ce ( ! wr\ght-iron "w ( ! ,romanesque & e>ly ,go?ic p]iods ( ,france4 ,! %ell ornam5t 9 ! section bel[ ! cornice is symbolical ( ,/4 ,m>t9 z a pilgrim1 :ile ! f9ials & cre/+1 blossom+ ) roses1 signify ! fl[]+ ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,9 ! frieze are f\r panels depict+ f\r sc5es :i* are describ$ 9 a qua9tly lett]$ inscription 9 ! m\ld+ above3 8,s4 ,m>t9 %>es cloak ) ,begg> ,our ,"l appe>s 9 cloak to ,s4 ,m>t9 ,s4 ,m>t9 receives holy baptism ,sa9t ,m>t9 j\rneys to ,rome40 ,illu/ration3 ,coats ( ,arms 9 ,w9d[s ( ,*apel ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs4 ,an inscription on ! wall ( ! *apel reads3 8,! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs ,consecrat$ #aiah ,to ! wor%ip ( ,almighty ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,william ,p4 ,furniss & ,8 ,wife ,sophia ,furniss & _! ,daught] ,sophia ,r4 ,c4 ,furniss40 ,9 ano!r panel is ?is inscription3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,clem5t9a ,furniss by ,^: ,gift ?is ,*apel 0 ,erect$ & ,m>g>et ,elizabe? ,zimm]man ,daught]s ( ,william ,p4 ,furniss & 8 wife ,sophia ,furniss40 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r ,,sa9t ,,savi\r1 ! "n ( ?is *apel1 means ,holy ,savi\r1 ! ^w ,sa9t be+ us$ 9 its prim>y s5se z an adjective1 d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 8sanctus40 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/4 ,savi\r is kept on ,decemb] #be4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r 7#af on plan17 is ! ea/]nmo/ ( ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues & =ms ! ea/]n extremity ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,among ! languages 9 :i* s]vices are held 9 ?is *apel are ,japanese & ,*9ese4 ,:5 ! royal ,abyss9ian ,commission to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t 0 =mally receiv$ at ! ,ca!dral on ,july #bd1 #aiai1 its memb]s knelt at ?is alt>4 ,! *apel is 9 ! ,engli% ,decorat$ ,go?ic /yle ( ,ar*itecture aft] designs by ,messrs4 ,he9s ,la,farge4 ,x is #ef feet long & #cj feet wide1 seats #aej p]sons1 & co/ ab\t #bjj1jjj4 ,its int]ior walls are ( ,m9nesota dolomite1 ar\nd ! base ( :i* runs a f\ndation c\rse ( r$ jasp] ) gre5 s]p5t9e m\ld+ l ^? :i* run ar\nd ! ,*oir4 ,! pavem5t is ( /one f ,hauteville1 ,france1 ) a mosaic bord]4 ,! ,sanctu>y /eps are ( p9k m>ble f ,georgia4 ,! ,alt>1 made by ,messrs4 ,batt]son ,eislie & c>v$ by ,mr4 ,s*w>tz1 is ( sn[-:ite ,c>r>a m>ble4 ,its face & front corn]s are adorn$ by ! figures ( six angels s++ 8,holy1 ,holy1 ,holy40 ,c>v$ on ! face ( ! retable is ! cr[n ( ?orns1 support$ by two *]ubs4 ,! ,r]$os is ( poli%$ r$ ,si5a m>ble1 bord]$ ) ,v5etian mosaic4 ,! ,*air & ,pray] ,desk ( black walnut at ! left side ( ! ,sanctu>y h an int]e/+ hi/ory recit$ on a brass tablet on ! desk z foll[s3 8,! fir/ use ( ?is *air & pray] desk 0 made by ! ,mo/ ,rev]5d ,r&all ,?omas ,davidson1 ,d4,d41 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury 9 ! ,crypt ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e on ,w$nesday morn+1 ,septemb] #bh?1 ,a4 ,d4 #aijd at ! celebration ( ! ,holy ,communion at :i* ,8 ,grace 0 ! celebrant & :i* prec$$ ! op5+ ( ! ,"o hundr$ & tw5ty-fir/ ,conv5tion ( ! ,diocese ( ,new ,york1 be+ also ! fir/ op5+ ( ! ,diocesan ,synod ,hall40 ,! ,ea/ ,w9d[1 a glori\s "w 9 /a9$ glass by ,mr4 ,h>dman ( ,birm+ham1 ,eng41 completely fills ! end ( ! *apel4 ,its c5tral light is occupi$ by a repres5tation ( ! ,transfiguration 7,mat4 xvii4 #a-c74 ,9 ! middle ( ! sc5e is ! radiant ,savi\r1 ) ,moses 7left7 hold+ ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts1 & ,elias 7"r7 hold+ ! receptacle ( ! scrolls1 repres5t+ respectively ! ,law & ! ,prophets4#da ,surr\nd+ ! gr\p are angels2 & bel[ x are ! ?ree ,disciples :o 7 ) ,jesus on ! m\nt3 ,/4 ,pet] 7left7 look+ up1 ,/4 ,james 7middle7 cov]+ 8 eyes1 & ,/4 ,john1 ! be>dless ,disciple 7"r71 %ad+ 8 face4 ,9 ! left side light1 above1 is ,moses putt+ (f 8 %oes on ! holy gr\nd be=e ! burn+ bu% f :i* ! angel ( ! ,"l appe>s 7,ex4 iii4 #e72 & bel[1 ,moses rais+ ! braz5 s]p5t = heal+ 7,num4 xxi4 #i74 ,! s]p5t1 se5 indi/9ctly coil$ ar\nd ! pole1 is by arti/ic lic5se repres5t$ 9 gre54 ,9 ! "r side light1 above1 is ! angel appe>+ to ,elijah 7,i4 ,k+s xix4 #e-h72 & bel[1 ,elijah's sacrifice miracul\sly consum$ by ! fire ( ! ,"l 7,i4 ,k+s xviii4 #cj-ch74 ,9 ni*es on ei!r side ( ! w9d[ are ! foll[+ ,/atues ( ,bi%ops1 sa9ts & s*ol>s ( ! ,ea/]n *ur*3 ,left4 ,"r4 ,/4 ,polyc>p ,/4 ,*ryso/om b4 #fi d4 #aee b4 #cdg d4 #djg ,bi%op ( ,smyrna ,ar*bp4 ( ,con/ant9ople ,/4 ,a?anasius ,/4 ,basil b4 #bif d4 #cgc b4 #cbi d4 #cgi ,primate ( ,egypt ,bi%op ( ,caes>ea ,orig5 ,/4 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria b4 #ahe d4 #bec b4 circ4 #aej d4 #bac-bbj ,great ea/]n s*ol> ,celebrat$ ,*ur* ,fa!r ,/4 ,gregory ,nazianz5 ,/4 ,ignatius b4 #ccj d4 #chi b4 circ4 #ej d4 #ajg ,bi%op ( ,nazianzus ,bi%op ( ,antio* ,9 a ni*e 9 ! upp] "p ( ! nor? wall is a /atue ( ,/4 ,pet] ) key2 & 9 a correspond+ ni*e 9 ! s\? wall "o ( ,/4 ,paul ) sword4 ,turn+ t[>d ! entrance to ! *apel1 "o sees 9 ni*es betwe5 ! clu/]$ columns at ! sides ( ! great ar*way 9 array ( angels1 five on ea* side1 "o above ! o!r1 correspond+ to z _m on ! ,ambulatory side1--tw5ty 9 all--repres5t+ ! ,heav5ly ,*oir4 ,^! lovely figures are wor?y ( m ?an pass+ notice4 ,all ! /atu>y is by ,mr4 ,gutzon ,borglum4 ,! f\r ,lamp ,/&>ds ( ,c>r>a m>ble surm\nt$ by alaba/] b[ls /&+ 9 ! f\r corn]s ( ! *apel1 & c>v$ 9 relief ) _m symbolical details1 7 made by ,messrs4 ,e4 ,f4 ,caldwell ,co4 & c>v$ by ,messrs4 ,f4 ,rugg]i & ,p4 ,giunt9i ( ,new ,york4 ,! elaborate wr\ght iron ,scre51 made by ! ,wm4 ,h4 ,jackson ,co4 ( ,new ,york1 at ! entrance1 is 9 ! ,italian /yle aft] "o 9 ,orvieto1 ,italy4 ,x is embelli%$ 9 its upp] "p by two gold5 angels hold+ a wrea? at ! foot ( ! cross4 ,look+ outw>d ?r\gh ! scre51 "o sees ! back ( ! ,high ,alt> ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,on "o ( ! walls ( ! *apel is inscrib$3 8,?is ,*apel is ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,bessie ,morgan ,belmont by h] ,husb& ,augu/ ,belmont40 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba ,,/4 ,,columba 0 born 9 ,c\nty ,donegal1 ,irel&1 9 #eba1 ( royal blood4 ,aft] /udy & religi\s "w 9 ,irel&1 he set out 9 #efc ) twelve disciples & plant$ ^u ! ,isl& ( ,iona1 on ! we/ coa/ ( ,scotl&1 :i* he receiv$ f 8 k9sman ,conal1 ,k+ ( ,scots1 a mona/]y :i*1 f ! #f? to ! #h? c5turies1 0 second to h>dly any o!r 9 ,great ,brita94 ,f x 0 conduct$ a wond]ful mission>y "w 9 ,scotl&1 ,irel&1 ! nor? ( ,engl&1 & small adjac5t isl&s4 ,_m miracles are attribut$ to him1 & he 0 accr$it$ ) p[] to subdue n only wild tribes ( m5 b also ! bea/s ( ! wild]ness 7see p4 #cb74 ,he di$ 9 #eig1 & 8 body 0 buri$ at ,iona1 :i* is reg>d$ z "o ( ! great %r9es ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,great ,brita94 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/4 ,columba is kept on ,june #i4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,columba1 7#ag on plan71 design$ by ,messrs4 ,he9s ,la,farge1 is 9 ! ,norman /yle ( ,ar*itecture4 ,x is #ej feet long & #bg wide1 seats #ajj p]sons1 & co/ ab\t #aej1jjj4 ,! int]ior walls are ( ,m9nesota dolomite1 sep>at$ f a base c\rse ( poli%$ ,mohegan granite by a m\ld+ ( yell[ ,v]ona m>ble4 ,! pavem5t is a f9e gra9$ gray /one f ,ill9ois4 ,! semi-circul> ar*$ w9d[ heads1 & p>ticul>ly ! six l>ge cyl9drical pill>s div]sifi$ by spiral & diap] patt]ns1 convey ! idea ( ! ,norman /yle :i* "o sees exemplifi$ on a l>g] scale 9 ,durham ,ca!dral & o!r *ur*es ( t p]iod 9 ,engl&4 ,! vault+ ov] ! ,sanctu>y is l9$ ) gold mosaic1 ^u :i* appe> black & :ite ,celtic crosses4 ,! lect]n1 communion rail1 ,gla/onbury *airs1 & o!r wood "w ( ! ,sanctu>y 7 design$ by ,mr4 ,*>les ,r4 ,lamb & made by ,j4 ,r4 ,lamb ( ,new ,york4 ,!y are c>v$ 9 l[ relief ) ornam5t expressive ( ,engli% ,go?ic feel+4 ,! lect]n %[s a composition ( ?ree figures3 ,*ri/ 9 ! c5t]1 betwe5 ,john ! ,bapti/1 8 ,=]unn]1 & ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e1 namesake ( ! ,ca!dral1 :o closes ! biblical record ) ! ,book ( ,revelation4 ,! ,alt>1 ( cream color$ ,italian m>ble1 is 9 ! =m ( a table support$ by m>ble pill>s4 ,x has no ,r]$os4 ,! ,sanctu>y ,w9d[s1 ?ree 9 numb]1 7 made by ,messrs4 ,clayton ,bell ( ,london4 ,9 ! c5tral light ( ! w9d[ above ! ,alt> is repres5t$ ! baptism ( ,*ri/ by ,john ! ,bapti/1 & 9 ! side lights are ,/4 ,john ) cup 7left71 & ,/4 ,paul ) sword1 7"r47 ,9 ! bottom ( ! ?ree lights are ! f\r symbols previ\sly expla9$ 7p4 #gd71 namely1 ! 1 ! ,alpha1 ! ,omega1 & ! ,*i ,rho4 ,! w9d[s on ei!r side ( ! middle w9d[ are 9 grisaille1 copi$ f ! fam\s lancet w9d[s call$ ! ,five ,si/]s 9 ! ,nor? ,transept ( ,york ,ca!dral1 al?\gh ^! w9d[s h only two lights ea* in/ead ( five4 ,! six wond]fully graceful sev5-bran*$ ,c&elabra1 aft] ,donatello1 7 br\ght f ,italy by ,mr4 ,george ,gordon ,k+4 ,turn+ t[>d ! entrance1 9 :i* is a wr\ght iron ,scre5 9 ! ,spani% /yle1 design$ by ,mr4 ,samuel ,yell5 & made by ! ,indu/rial ,ornam5tal ,iron ,works ( ,philadelphia1 ,p5n41 "o sees an extremely int]e/+ feature 9 ! ,/atues by ,mr4 ,gutzon ,borglum ( repres5tatives ( ! successive /ages ( ! developm5t ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,engl&1 :i* /& 9 ! ni*es betwe5 ! clu/]$ columns at ! sides ( ! great entrance ar*way4#db ,! figures1 five on ea* side1 "o above ! o!r1 & correspond+ to z _m on ! ,ambulatory side1--tw5ty 9 all1--are 9 ! foll[+ relative positions1 x be+ und]/ood t ! left side z se5 f ! *apel is ! same z ! "r side z se5 f ! ,ambulatory4 ,se5 f ,*apel4 ,left4 ,"r4 ,/4 ,aidan ,/4 ,augu/9e ,bi%op ( ,nor?umbrians ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury ac4 #fce d4 #fea ac4 #eig d4 #fjd ,/4 ,anselm ,k+ ,alfr$ ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury ,k+ ( ,wessex ac4 #ajic d4 #aaji b4 #hdi d4 #ija ,?omas ,cranm] ,william ( ,wykeham ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/] b4 #adhi d4 #aeef ac4 #acfg d4 #adje ,joseph ,butl] ,j]emy ,taylor ,bi%op ( ,durham ,bi%op ( #c ,iri% sees b4 #afib d4 #ageb b4 #afac d4 #affg ,john ,keble ,reg9ald ,heb] lead] 9 ,ox=d movem5t ,bi%op ( ,calcutta b4 #agib d4 #ahff b4 #aghc d4 #ahbf ,se5 f ,ambulatory4 ,left4 ,"r4 ,/4 ,alban ,!odore ( ,t>sus prom>tyr ( ,brita9 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury d4 circ4 #cjd ac4 #ffh d4 #fij ,! ,v5]able ,b$e ,/eph5 ,langton *ronicl] & prie/ ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury b4 #fgc d4 #gce b4 #aaej d4 #abbh ,john ,wyckliffe ,mat!w ,p>k] morn+-/> ( ,re=mation ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury b4 #acbe d4 #achd b4 #aejd d4 #aege ,ri*>d ,hook] ,george ,b]keley ,anglican !ologian ,bi%op ( ,cloyne1 etc4 b4 #aeed d4 #afjj b4 #afhd d4 #agec ,john ,wesley ,fr$]ic ,d5ison ,maurice evangelical revivali/ prea*] & lead] b4 #agjc d4 #agia b4 #ahje d4 #ahgb ,! ,ca!dral has 9 its possession a ,/one f ! ,ca!dral1 or ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,m>y 7dat+ f ! #ac?-#af? c5turies7 on ! ,isl& ( ,iona1 :i* may fitt+ly be plac$ 9 ?is *apel at "s future "t4 ,^u ! wall ( ! *apel is inscrib$3 8,*apel ( ,sa9t ,columba ,to ! ,glory ( ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,m>y ,l]oy ,k+ ,! ,gift ( ,h] ,"m ,m>y ,augu/a ,k+ ,consecrat$ ,april #bg?1 #aiaa40 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface ,,/4 ,,boniface1 ^: orig9al "n 0 ,w9ifr$1 0 born 9 ,devon%ire1 ,engl&1 ab\t ! ye> #fhj4 ,he ent]$ a ,b5$ict9e mona/]y at ! age ( #ac1 le>n$ rhetoric1 hi/ory & !ology1 & became a prie/ at ! age ( #cj4 ,at a "t :5 ,engl& & ,irel& 7 s5d+ mission>ies to ! hea!n p>ts ( ,europe1 ,w9ifr$ 0 au?oriz$ by ,pope ,gregory ,,ii4 to prea* ! ,gospel to ! tribes ( ,g]many1 & he is call$ ! ,apo/le ( ,g]many4 ,:ile engag$ 9 ?is "w1 ,gregory made him a ,bi%op & gave him ! "n ( ,bonifacius1 or ,boniface1 :i* means ,do] ( ,good4 ,! ,bi%oprics ( ,ratisbon1 ,erfurt1 ,pad]born1 ,wurzburg1 ,ei*/adt1 ,salzburg1 & sev]al o!rs1 owe _! e/abli%m5t to 8 ef=ts4 ,9 #gdf he 0 made ,ar*bi%op ( ,ma9z4 ,9 #gee1 :ile c>ry+ on 8 "w 9 ,dokkum1 9 ,we/ ,friesl&1 he & 8 congregation ( conv]ts !re 7 sla9 by a mob ( arm$ hea!n4 ,8 rema9s are buri$ 9 ! fam\s abbey ( ,fulda1 :i* he f\nd$4 ,9 art1 he is depict$ hold+ a book pi]c$ by a sword1 ref]r+ to ! mann] ( 8 dea?4 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/4 ,boniface is kept on ,june #e4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface1 7#ah on plan71 design$ by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,vaughan1 is a v pure specim5 ( ,engli% ,go?ic ,ar*itecture ( ! #ad? c5tury4 ,x is ab\t #dh feet long & #bh wide1 seats ab\t #ajj p]sons1 & co/ ab\t #age1jjj4 ,! int]ior walls are ( ,indiana lime/one2 ! pavem5t ( p9k m>ble f ,knoxville1 ,t5n41 ) heavy black bord] ( ,belgian m>ble2 & ! /eps to ! ,sanctu>y also ( p9k ,knoxville m>ble4 ,! ,alt> is ( gray m>ble f ! same s\rce4 ,9 ! ?ree ornate panels on its face are ! monogram ,,ihs 7see p4 #gd71 ! floriat$ ,greek cross 7see note bel[71 & ! ,greek cross =m ( ! ,*i ,rho 7p4 #gd74 ,! ri*ly c>v$ ,r]$os has ?ree canopi$ ni*es1 9 ! c5tral "o ( :i* is repres5t$ ! ,adoration ( ! ,magi4 ,9 ea* ( ! side ni*es is an angel ) scroll4 ,9 ! recesses ( ! w9d[s on ei!r side ( ! ,alt> are c>v$ cl]gy /alls ( d>k oak1 ) wa9scot+ ( ! same wood z high z ! w9d[ sills4 ,!re are six /a9$ glass ,w9d[s1 ?ree 9 ! ,sanctu>y & ?ree small] ones 9 ! cl]e/ory4 ,ea* has ?ree lights4 ,9 ! middle light ( ! c5tral w9d[ above ! ,alt> ,*ri/ is repres5t$ z ! ,great ,tea*]4 ,8 robe is spr9kl$ ) ! ,,ihs monogram 7p4 #gd7 & 9 ,8 nimbus appe> ! ends ( a floriat$ cross4#dc ,above ,8 head are two angels1 & above !m ! dove1 symboliz+ ! ,holy ,_s4 ,bel[ ! figure ( ,*ri/ is a sc5e repres5t+ ,him tea*+ ! multitude4 ,9 ! left side light is ,/4 ,boniface ) mitre1 ar*iepiscopal /aff1#dd & ,bible pi]c$ ) sword2 & bel[ him a sc5e repres5t+ him hew+ d[n an oak 9 ,geism> acc\nt$ sacr$ by ! idolators4 ,9 ! "r side light is ,/4 ,paul ) sword2 & bel[ him a sc5e repres5t+ him prea*+ to ! m5 ( ,a!ns4 ,9 ! left w9d[ ( ! ,sanctu>y are ?ree figures ) sc5es bel[ z foll[s 7left to "r73 ,/4 ,bir9us1 ,bi%op ( ,dor*e/]1 hold+ a mon/rance1 & 7bel[7 ,/4 ,bir9us baptiz+ ,k+ ,cynegils ( ! ,we/ ,saxons2 ,/4 ,augu/9e ( ,cant]bury ) ar*iepiscopal /aff1 hold+ a tablet repres5t+ ! crucifixion1 & 7bel[7 ,/4 ,augu/9e ann\nc+ ! ,^w ( ,life to ,k+ ,e!lb]t2 & ,/4 ,felix1 ,bi%op ( ,dunwi*1 ) crozi] & tor*1 & 7bel[7 ,/4 ,felix receiv+ ! bless+ ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury4 ,9 ! "r ,sanctu>y w9d[1 simil>ly1 are3 ,/4 ,*ad1 ,bi%op ( ,li*field1 hold+ crozi] & model ( ,li*field ,ca!dral1#de & 7bel[7 ,/4 ,*ad li/5+ to ! songs ( angels2 ,/4 ,columba 9 mona/ic g>b ) crozi] & ) mona/]y 7,iona7 at 8 feet1 & 7bel[7 ,/4 ,columba conv]t+ ! ,picts2 & ,/4 ,aidan ) crozi]1 & 7bel[7 ,/4 ,aidan in/ruct+ ! y\?ful ,/4 ,*ad & o!rs4 ,9 ! we/ cl]e/ory w9d[ are3 ,/4 ,patrick ) crozi] ornam5t$ ) %amrocks2 ,/4 ,gregory ( ,rome ) papal /aff1 hold+ an op5 music book display+ ! ,sursum ,corda 7ref]r+ to him z f\nd] ( ! ,gregorian music71 ) ,p]e ,m>quette bel[2 & ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs ) crozi] & ,bible4 ,9 ! ea/ wall are two cl]e/ory w9d[s4 ,9 ! left h& w9d[ ( ! two are3 ,/4 ,cyprian1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,c>?age1 hold+ 8 /aff & 8 be/ kn[n book conc]n+ ,*ur* ,unity1 or ! univ]sal *ur*2 ,/4 ,ambrose1 ,bi%op ( ,milan1 ) crozi] & op5 book display+ ! words 8,te ,deum ,laudamus0 7we praise ,!e1 ,o ,god17 & p5 9 h&1 ) ! mission>y ,rob]t ,hunt bel[2 & ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,bi%op ( ,hippo ,mundia1 ) crozi]4 ,9 ! "r h& cl]e/ory w9d[ 9 ! ea/ wall are3 ,/4 ,cyril1 ,patri>* ( ,alex&ria1 ) book & /aff2 ,/4 ,john ,*ryso/om1 ,bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople1 ) /aff1 *alice & ,book ( ,homilies1 ) ! mission>y ,john ,rob9son bel[2 & ,/4 ,ignatius1 ,bi%op ( ,antio*1 hold+ a palm4 ,! w9d[s 7 made by ,messrs4 ,c4 ,e4 ,kempe ,co4 ( ,london4 ,9 two canopi$ ni*es 9 ! we/ wall are ,/atues ( ,?omas a ,becket 7left7 & ,/4 ,boniface 7"r72 & 9 a ni*e 9 ! ea/ wall is "o ( ,erasmus4 ,?ree wr\ght iron ,lamps are susp5d$ by iron *a9s f ! ceil+2 & at ! entrance is a h&some wr\ght iron ,scre5 adorn$ ) escut*eons be>+ ! ihc monogram & surm\nt$ by a floriat$ cross be=e expla9$4 ,on "o ( ! walls is inscrib$3 8,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface ,consecrat$ ,febru>y #bi1 #aiaf ,erect$ to ! ,glory ( ,god by ,george ,sullivan ,b[do9 & ,8 ,wife ,julia ,gr9nell ,b[do9 & ,_! ,*ildr5 ,temple ,b[do9 ,fanny ,hamilton ,k+s=d ,edi? ,gr9nell ,b[do940 ,/ory ( ! ,dove ,( ,peace4 ,dur+ ! la/ ye> ( ! ,_w ,w>1 an incid5t int]e/+ 9 itself & illu/rative ( ! orig9 ( ! leg5ds & traditions :i* (t5 gr[ up ar\nd ca!drals1 occurr$ 9 connection ) ! *apel be>+ ! "n ( ! ,apo/le ( ,g]many4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aiah1 "s weeks aft] ! great ,g]man drive ( ,m>* #ba _h begun & be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! c\nt]-(f5sive ( ! second battle ( ! ,m>ne 9 ,july1 ! l>ge /a9$ glass w9d[ 9 ! cl]e/ory ( ! ,*oir above ! entrance to ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,boniface arriv$ f ,engl&4 ,all ! v5tilation op5+s 9 ! ,ca!dral w9d[s are scre5$ to exclude birds1 :i*1 h[ev] int]e/+ 9 _! natural habitats1 are a practical nuisance 9 ! ,ca!dral4 ,:5 ! /a9$ glass w9d[ above m5tion$ arriv$1 ! tempor>y w9d[ fill+ ! space above ! entrance to ! *apel 0 remov$ = its in/allation4 ,:ile ! w9d[ 0 ?us op51 & at a p]iod 9 ! w> :5 ! issue trembl$ 9 ! balance & ! _w fairly held its brea? 9 fe>ful expectation ( ! ev5t1 a :ite dove1--v g5]ally recogniz$ z a symbol or h>b+] ( ,peace--flew into ! ,ca!dral ov] ?is *apel4 ,on ! foll[+ ,sunday x so>$ ar\nd 9 ! great dome ( ! ,cross+ & 9 ! ,*oir1 alight+ 9 ! mo/ int]e/+ places4 ,:5 ,dean ,robb9s asc5d$ ! /airs ( ! great m>ble pulpit1 he f\nd ! dove p]*$ on ! edge ( ! pulpit directly be=e him4 ,! dove !n flew d[n & alight$ on ! back ( a vacant *air betwe5 two occupi$ *airs 9 ! mid/ ( ! congregation on ! s\? side ( ! ,cross+1 & !re rema9$ quietly dur+ ! s]mon4 ,:5 ! u%]s />t$ t[>d ! ,alt> ) ! (f]tory1 ! bird so>$ across ! congregation & alight$ on ! hat ( a woman dress$ 9 m\rn+ :o 0 sitt+ ne> ! middle aisle1 its sn[ :ite plumage contra/+ /rik+ly ) ! sombre attire ( ! b]eav$ woman :o seem$ n to be di/urb$ by :at p]haps %e reg>d$ z a happy om54 ,9 a mom5t ! dove flew to ano!r "p ( ! ,cross+4 ,x rema9$ 9 ! ,ca!dral a few days long]2 & !n "o day1 w5t out ?r\gh an op5 door4 ,soon aft] ?is occurr5ce1 ! ,allies fac+ ! ,m>ne sali5t1 includ+ ! ,am]icans at ,*ateau ,?i]ry1 began ! great c\nt]-movem5t :i* f9ally br\ght peace4#df ,x 0 at lea/ an int]e/+ co9cid5ce t ?is :ite dove came into ! ,ca!dral ov] ?is *apel1 at ! v crisis ( ! w>1 & t almo/ imm$iately !reaft] began t s]ies ( det]m9+ ev5ts :i* l$ ! ,g]mans to make ov]tures = ,peace4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius ,,/4 ,,ansg>ius1 or ,/4 ,ansg>1 0 born 9 ,pic>dy 9 #hja4 ,) 8 co-labor] ,autb]t he w5t to prea* ,*ri/ianity to ! nor?m5 ( ,sleswick4 ,9 spite ( mu* p]secution1 he 0 s successful t 9 #hca ! ,pope e/abli%$ an ar*bi%opric 9 ,hamburg1 7aft]w>ds transf]r$ to ,brem517 & ,ansg>ius 0 appo9t$ fir/ ,ar*bi%op4 ,he made sev]al mission>y t\rs 9 ,d5m>k1 ,sw$5 & o!r p>ts ( ! nor?1 & di$ at ,brem5 9 #hfe4 ,he is call$ ! ,apo/le ( ! ,nor?4 ,! ,memorial ,day = ,/4 ,ansg>ius is kept on ,febru>y #c4 ,! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius 7#ai on plan71 design$ by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,vaughan1 ar*itect ( ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james1 is 9 ! same /yle ( ,ar*itecture1 #ad? c5tury ,go?ic1 & ab\t ! same size1 be+ #ff feet long & #da wide1 ) a seat+ capacity ( #bej4 ,x diff]s1 h[ev]1 f ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james 9 plan1 ! bay ea/ ( ! turret /airs be+ "h ?r[n into ! ,ambulatory1 :ile 9 ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james x is includ$ z a sort ( transept2 & ! nor? side ( ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius be+ divid$ into only two bays1 :ile ! s\? side ( ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james is divid$ into ?ree4 ,on acc\nt ( ! am\nt ( "w requir$ to secure a firm f\ndation1 ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius co/ ab\t #bbe1jjj1 mak+ x ! mo/ exp5sive ( ! sev5 ,*apels ( ,tongues4 ,illu/ration3 ,ni*e 9 ,/4 ,ansg>ius ,*apel made ( old ,ca!dral ,/ones ,! int]ior walls are ( ,indiana lime/one2 & ! pavem5t ( p9k ,knoxville1 ,t5n41 m>ble & mottl$ ,v]mont m>ble4 ,! ,alt> is ( gray ,knoxville m>ble4 ,on its front is c>v$ ! ,madonna ( ! ,*air on ! left ( :i*1 f ! spectator's /&po9t1 is ,/4 ,mi*ael ) sword & on ! "r ,/4 ,gabriel ) lilies4 ,9 ! middle ( ! sculptur$ ,r]$os1 7above7 is repres5t$ ,*ri/ hold+ ! globe 7symbol ( sov]eignty71 & 7bel[7 ! baptism ( ,*ri/ by ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,on ! left ( ! figures are ,/4 ,ansg>ius ) crozi] 7above7 & ,gu/avus ,adolphus ) sword 7bel[71 :ile on ! "r are ,/4 ,olaf ) cr[n & scept] 7above7 & ,lu!r 9 g[n ) book 7bel[74 ,! ,alt> & ,r]$os 7 giv5 by ,mrs4 ,julia ,gr9nell ,b[do94 ,9 ! left 7nor!rn7 wall ( ! ,sanctu>y is a ni*e made ( /ones f ,worce/] & ,ely ,ca!drals1 ,engl&4 ,on ! upp] surface ( ! /one bracket =m+ ! %elf ( ! ni*e is c>v$ 8,ely #acbj40 ,! /ones f ! ,lady ,*apel ( ,worce/] ,ca!dral 7 giv5 to ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e by ,canon ,george ,william ,d\glas ( ,new ,york :o procur$ !m f ,canon ,j4 ,m4 ,wilson1 ,ar*deacon ( ,worce/]4#dg ,on ! /ones on ei!r side ( ! recess is c>v$3 8,^! ,/ones f ! ,ca!dral ( ,*ri/ & ,/4 ,m>y ! ,virg9 ,worce/]1 ,engl&1 are ,memorials to ,william ,re$ ,hunt+ton ,sometime ,rector ( ,all ,sa9ts 9 ,worce/] ,massa*usetts40 ,?ree small ,w9d[s ( two lights ea* 9 ! ,sanctu>y conta9 7f left to "r7 repres5tations (3 7#a7 ,/4 ,willibrod ) mitre1 ar*iepiscopal /aff1 & model ( ca!dral2 & ,/4 ,lucian ) cr[n1 scept] & sword2 7#b7 ,/4 ,ansg>ius ) mitre & crozi]2 & ,k+ ,olaf ) cr[n & scept]2 & 7#c7 above ! ,r]$os1 ,/4 ,eric ) cr[n & scept]2 & ,/4 ,wilifr$ ) mitre & ar*iepiscopal /aff4 ,! w9d[ spaces at ! "r ( ! latt] are wall$ up because !y are blanket$ by ! adjac5t *apel4 ,9 ! two bays ( ! nor? aisle are two noble /a9$ glass w9d[s1 ea* hav+ five lights & ea* light depict+ two sc5es4 ,9 ! left h& or we/]n w9d[1 ! upp] ti] ( sc5es is *iefly devot$ to ,old ,te/am5t subjects z foll[s 7left to "r73 ,adam & ,eve 7,g54 ii4 #g-be72 ! visit ( ! ?ree angels to ,abraham be>+ ! promise ( ! bir? ( ,isaac 7,g54 xviii4 #b-bb72 ,/4 ,mi*ael fight+ ! dragon ) a cross-%ap$ spe> 7,rev4 xii4 #g72 ,abraham (f]+ to sacrifice ,isaac 7,g54 xxii4 #i-ac72 & ,jacob's dream ( ! ladd] 7,g54 xxviii4 #ab74 ,9 ! l[] ti] are five sc5es prophetic ( ! bir? ( ! ,=]unn] ( ,*ri/ & ( ,*ri/ himself3 ,! angel's visit to ,za*>ias to =etell ! bir? ( ,john ! ,bapti/ 7,luke i4 #ac72 ! annunciation to ! ,virg9 ,m>y ( ! com+ bir? ( ,*ri/ 7,luke i4 #bh72 ,/4 ,gabriel ) lilies z ,angel ( ! ,annunciation 7,luke i4 #bh72 ! angels' visit to ! %eph]ds 7,luke ii4 #h-ab72 & ! angel's visit to ,joseph1 husb& ( ,m>y1 to =etell ! bir? ( ,*ri/ 7,mat4 i4 #bj74 ,! "r h& or ea/]n w9d[ depicts ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 ,9 its upp] ti] are3 ,/4 ,pet] prea*+ to ! ,disciples 7,acts i4 #ae72 ,/4 ,pet] heal+ ! lame man 7,acts iii4 #b-h72 ,/4 ,pet] ) key2 ! /on+ ( ,/4 ,/eph5 7,acts vii4 #ei72 & ,/4 ,philip baptiz+ ! eunu* 7,acts viii4 #bf-ch72 & 9 ! l[] ti]3 ,/4 ,pet] rais+ ,tabi?a 7,acts ix4 #dj72 ! conv]sion ( ,/4 ,paul's jail] at ,philippi 7,acts xvi4 #bc-ca72 ,/4 ,paul ) sword2 ,/4 ,paul lay+ h&s on ! ,disciples 7,acts xix4 #f72 & ,/4 ,paul be=e ,felix 7,acts xxiv4 #bd-be74 ,all ! w9d[s are by ,messrs4 ,c4 ,e4 ,kempe ,co4 ( ,london4 ,9 two high ni*es 9 ! s\? wall are ,/atues ( ,eric1 ,k+ ( ,sw$5 7left7 & ,canute1 ,k+ ( ! ,engli%1 ,danes & ,norwegians 7"r27 & 9 a ni*e at ! we/ end ( ! nor? aisle is a /atue ( ,k+ ,eskiel1 all cr[n$4 ,on ! ,ambulatory side ( ! entrance bay are two /atues3 ,john ! ,bapti/ 7above7 & ,/4 ,ansg>ius ) crozi] & mitre1 hold+ a small ca!dral 7bel[74 ,! sculptures are by ,mr4 ,john ,evans ( ,bo/on4 ,9 a bay ( ! *apel tempor>ily re/s a symbolic gr\p execut$ 9 ,ca5 /one by ,miss ,malv9a ,h(fman ( ,new ,york1 entitl$ ,! ,sacrifice4 ,x is int5d$ = ,h>v>d ,univ]sity at ,cambridge1 ,mass41 z a memorial ( ,rob]t ,bacon1 sometime ,u4 ,s4 ,ambassador to ,france & a ,tru/ee ( ! ,univ]sity1 & ( ! ,h>v>d m5 :o lo/ _! lives 9 ! ,_w ,w>4 ,x repres5ts a dead ,crusad]1 su* z ^? :o w5t f ,cambridge1 ,eng41 9 ! #ab? c5tury1 & gave _! lives = an ideal1 ly+ ^u a cross ) 8 head pill[$ 9 a woman's lap4 ,accord+ to ! traditional position ( ! feet ( ! ,crusad]1 he 0 "o ( ^? :o nev] rea*$ ,j]usalem1 ^? :o did s be+ traditionally repres5t$ ) _! feet cross$4 ,! woman may typify ,alma ,mat] z well z ^? wom5 :o gave _! be/ to a great cause & made _! lonely grief _! glory4 ,! two figures symbolize mutual sacrifice4 ,?is *apel has an indep5d5t ,organ play$ f a movable console on ! floor4 ,! *apel1 :i* is ! gift ( _m p]sons1 0 d$icat$ on ,april #c1 #aiah4 ,on "o ( ! walls is inscrib$3 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sacrifice 8,! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,ansg>ius ,consecrat$ ,april #c1 #aiah to ! ,wor%ip ( ,almighty ,god & 9 ,lov+ ,memory ( ,william ,re$ ,hunt+ton = #be ,ye>s ,rector ( ,grace ,*ur* & = #bb ,ye>s ,tru/ee ( ?is ,ca!dral40 ,! ,corn] ,/one ( ! ,ca!dral1 :i* 0 laid by ,bi%op ,h5ry ,c4 ,pott] on ,/4 ,john's ,day1 ,decemb] #bg1 #ahib1 is imb$d$ 9 ! nor?we/]n pi] ( ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,ansg>ius & is only p>tly visible 9 ! *amb] "u ! *apel4 ,x is a block ( gray ,qu9cy granite1 #d feet #d in*es squ>e & #b feet #d in*es ?ick4 ,^u ! angle ( ! visible corn] are inscrib$ a ,greek cross & 8,i4 ,h4 ,s4 ,/4 ,john's ,day1 ,decem4 ,,xxvii1 ,a4 ,d4 #ahib40 ,x conta9s1 among o!r ?+s1 a fragm5t ( a ,spani% ,brick f ,hispaniola 7,hayti7 :i* 0 giv5 to ! ,ca!dral by ,mr4 ,malcolm ,mc,lean1 ,s5ior ,w>d5 ( ,/4 ,&rew's ,*ur*1 ,new ,york ,city1 & ^u :i* is a silv] plate inscrib$3 8,f ! ,ru9 ( ! ,fir/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur* 9 ! ,new ,_w :]e ! ,fir/ ,*ur* 0 ,erect$ by ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 #adic4 ,isabella1 ,hispaniola40#dh ,! ,crypt ,! ,crypt1 locat$ b5ea? ! ,*oir1 is clos$1 p5d+ "w on o!r p>ts ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,& on acc\nt ( ! consequ5t dampness1 ! delicate furni%+s 7 remov$ 9 ,septemb]1 #aiaf1 & entru/$ to ! c>e ( ,mr4 ,l\is ,c4 ,tiffany1 :o design$ !m1 & :o has plac$ !m tempor>ily 9 ! private *apel on 8 l>ge c\ntry e/ate at ,laurelton1 ,l4 ,i4 ,! ,crypt has a seat+ capacity ( #ejj1 & ! fir/ s]vices 9 ! ,ca!dral 7 held 9 x f ,janu>y #h1 #ahii1 until ! ,*oir & ,cross+ 7 op5$ on ,april #ai1 #aiaa4 ,9 its furni%$ /ate1 x conta9s an ,alt>1 ,r]$os1 font1 lect]n1 & five /a9$ glass w9d[s :i* 7 exhibit$ by ,mr4 ,tiffany at ! ,_w's ,fair at ,*icago 9 #ahic & :i* 7 call$ collectively ! ,tiffany ,*apel4 ,! top & retable ( ! ,alt> are ( ,c>r>a m>ble1 :ile ! front & sides are adorn$ ) m$allions ( "m ( pe>l1 f\r small] discs conta9+ emblems ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 a c5tral %ield set ) sapphires1 topazes & "m ( pe>l1 & #aej1jjj pieces ( glass mosaic4 ,! ,r]$os is ( iridesc5t glass mosaic1 z are ! twelve ,pill>s back ( ! ,alt> symboliz+ ! twelve ,apo/les4 ,! g5]al effect is ,byzant9e4 ,! ,alt>1 ,r]$os1 font1 lect]n & w9d[s 7 giv5 by ,mrs4 ,celia ,h]mione ,wallace 9 memory ( h] son4 ,! foll[+ int]m5ts h be5 made 9 ! ,crypt3 ,! ,v ,rev4 ,william ,m4 ,grosv5or1 ,d4,d41 ,dean ( ! ,ca!dral1 ,decemb] #ac1 #aiaf2 ! ,"r ,rev4 ,david ,h4 ,gre]1 ,d4,d41 eigh? ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1 ,may #bc1 #aiai2 & ! ,"r ,rev4 ,*>les ,s4 ,bur*1 ,d4,d41 n9? ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1 ,decemb] #bc1 #aibj4 ,summ>y ,dim5sions ,foll[+ are ! pr9cipal dim5sions ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,z ca!drals are comp>$ 9 size by _! areas1 ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e w rank1 aft] ,/4 ,pet]'s at ,rome & ,seville ,ca!dral1 ! ?ird l>ge/ 9 ! _w4 ,l5g? ,we/]n ,t[]s #ej feet ,nave #bbe 0 ,cross+ #ajj 0 ,*oir #agj 0 ,/4 ,savi\r's ,*apel #ef 0 ,total l5g? #fja 0 ,wid? ,we/ ,front 7includ+ buttresses7 #bbj feet ,nave & ,aisles 7ext]ior7 #acb 0 ,transepts #cae 0 ,cross+ #ajj 0 ,*oir #ef 0 ,ambulatory #bj 0 ,height ,we/]n ,t[]s #bfe feet ,ridge ( ,nave ,ro( #age 0 ,nave ,vaults 7above floor7 #acj 0 ,*oir ,vaults 7above floor7 #abg 0 ,cross+ ,vault 7above floor7 #bjj 0 ,c5tral ,fle*e #dgj 0 ,f9al ,cross 7#cj feet7 #ejj 0 ,f9al ,cross above tide-wat] #fca 0 ,area ,area ( ,ca!dral #aji1jhb squ>e feet ,bi%ops ( ,new ,york ,foll[+ is a li/ ( ! ,bi%ops ( ,new ,york s9ce ! erection ( ! ,diocese3 ,fir/3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,samuel ,provoo/1 ,d4,d42 born ,febru>y #bd1 #agdb2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #aghg-ahae2 di$ ,septemb] #f1 #ahae4 ,second3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,b5jam9 ,moore2 born ,novemb] #e1 #agdh2 ,assi/ant ,bi%op #ahja-ahae2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahae-ahaf2 di$ ,febru>y #bi1 #ahaf4 ,?ird3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,john ,h5ry ,hob>t1 ,d4,d42 born ,septemb] #ad1 #agge2 ,assi/ant ,bi%op #ahaa-ahaf2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahaf-ahcj2 di$ ,septemb] #ab1 #ahcj4 ,f\r?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,b5jam9 ,tr$well ,ond]donk2 born ,july #ae1 #agia2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1 active #ahcj-ahde1 inactive #ahde-ahfa2 di$ ,april #cj1 #ahfa4 ,fif?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,jona?an ,mayhew ,wa9wright1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l42 born ,febru>y #bd1 #agib2 ,provisional ,bi%op #aheb-ahed2 di$ ,septemb] #ba1 #ahed4 ,six?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,horatio ,pott]1 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 ,oxon42 born ,febru>y #i1 #ahjb2 ,provisional ,bi%op #ahed-ahfa2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahfa-ahhg2 di$ ,janu>y #b1 #ahhg4 ,sev5?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,h5ry ,codman ,pott]1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d42 born ,may #be1 #ahcd2 ,assi/ant ,bi%op #ahhc-ahhg2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #ahhg-aijh2 di$ ,july #ba1 #aijh4 ,eigh?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,david ,hummell ,gre]1 ,d4,d41 ,s4,t4,d41 ,,ll4,d42 born ,m>* #bj1 #ahdd2 ,bi%op ,coadjutor #aijd-aijh2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #aijh-aiai2 di$ ,may #ai1 #aiai4 ,n9?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,*>les ,sumn] ,bur*1 ,d4,d41 ,l4,h4,d41 ,,ll4,d42 born ,june #cj1 #ahee2 ,bi%op ,suffragan #aiaa-aiai2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #aiai-aibj2 di$ ,decemb] #bj1 #aibj4 ,t5?3 ,! ,"r ,rev4 ,william ,?omas ,mann+1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,d4,c4,l42 born ,may #ab1 #ahff2 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york #aiba4 ,"p ,?ree ,o!r ,build+s1 ,etc4 ,! ,bi%op's ,h\se ,! ,bi%op's ,h\se 7,a4 on plan7 is 9 ,fr5* ,go?ic ar*itecture ( ! *ateau type1 ) l(ty ro( & high dorm] w9d[s1 & is built ( ,g]mant[n micace\s s*i/4 ,x is design$ to be connect$ ) ! ,ca!dral by cloi/]s1 & is connect$ ) ! ,dean]y by a vault$ por* above :i* is to be built ! ,bi%op's private *apel4 ,! extreme outside dim5sions ( ! ,bi%op's ,h\se are #gg by #abf feet1 includ+ ! por*4 ,! ar*itects 7 ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson4#di ,! occupants ( ! h\se h be5 ,bi%op ,gre] f ! "t ( its op5+ 9 #aiad until 8 dea? ,may #ai1 #aiai2 ,bi%op ,bur* f 8 in/allation ,octob] #bh1 #aiai1 until 8 dea? ,decemb] #bj1 #aibj2 & ,bi%op ,mann+ s9ce 8 consecration on ,may #aa1 #aiba4 ,! ,dean]y ,! ,dean]y 7,b4 on plan7 adjo9s ! ,bi%op's ,h\se z above m5tion$4 ,x is by ! same ar*itect1 is 9 ! same /yle b ( a m dome/ic type1 =ms a "p ( ! same ar*itectural composition1 & is built ( ! same k9d ( /one4 ,x is n s l(ty a /ructure z ! ,bi%op's ,h\se1 b has _m int]e/+ details1 p>ticul>ly on ! s\!rn faade4 ,its extreme outside measurem5ts are ab\t #gi by #ic feet4 ,! late ,dean ,grosv5or occupi$ ! ,dean]y f ! "t ( its erection until 8 dea? ,decemb] #i1 #aiaf1 & 0 succe$$ by ,dean ,robb9s 9 ,june1 #aiag4 ,a tablet 9 ! por* is inscrib$3 8,! ,dean]y erect$ 9 ,fai?ful ,remembrance ( ,cl9ton ,ogilvie #ahch-aijj by 8 wife ,hel5 ,slade ,ogilvie ,a4 ,d4 #aiac40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bi%op',s ,,h\se ,! ,*oir ,s*ool ,! ,*oir ,s*ool 7,c4 on ,plan7 has a special int]e/ = ev]yone :o goes to ! ,ca!dral1 = "h are educat$ & tra9$ ! boys :o s+ 9 ! ,ca!dral s]vices4 ,! s*ool 0 f\nd$ by ,bi%op ,h4 ,c4 ,pott] 9 #aija & 0 =m]ly locat$ 9 ! ,old ,synod ,h\se4 ,! pres5t build+1 erect$ 9 #aiab & built ( ! same k9d ( /one z ! ,bi%op's ,h\se & ,dean]y1 is 9 ! ,engli% ,collegiate ,go?ic /yle ( ar*itecture2 is ?ree /ories high1 & has extreme outside dim5sions ( #hc by #aej feet4 ,messrs4 ,walt] ,cook & ,w9?rop ,a4 ,wel* 7 ! ar*itects4 ,! build+ conta9s (fices1 a g5]al s*ool room :i* is equipp$ ) app>atus = bo? /]eopticon & mov+ pictures1 a *oir rehe>sal room ) /alls1 individual rooms = vocal & in/rum5tal practice1 a f9e l>ge common room ) op5 fire-place = read+ & social int]c\rse1 d9+ room1 kit*51 dormitories1 a big gymnasium1 a sick room to :i* a boy is transf]r$ ^u ! fir/ sign ( any illness1 etc4 ,accommodations are provid$ = #dj resid5t s*ol>s & #bj day s*ol>s4 ,_! musical tra9+ is "u ! p]sonal direction ( ! organi/ & ,ma/] ( ! ,*ori/]s1 & _! g5]al education "u ! direction ( ! ,head ,ma/] & /aff ( "u-ma/]s4 ,a sympa!tic ,h\se ,"m looks out = ! p]sonal wants ( ! boys & directs ! dome/ic s]vice2 & compet5t physicians & tra9$ nurses are 9 att5dance :5 necess>y4 ,boys are admitt$ to ! s*ool at ! age ( #i & rema9 until _! voices *ange1 :i* is usually betwe5 ! ages ( #ac & #ad4 ,!y come f all p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & possessions1 two boys rec5tly hav+ come f ,alaska4 ,an applicant is fir/ receiv$ on probation1 & if he manife/s a good "* & disposition1 & gives promise ( a good voice1 he is accept$ z a *ori/]4 ,until !y become full *ori/]s1 ve/$ ) cassock & cotta1 probation]s sit 9 sep>ate *oir /alls 9 ! ,ca!dral s]vices & we> only _! black /ud5t g[ns4 ,dur+ _! resid5ce at ! s*ool1 ! boys are "u /rict b g5tle discipl9e & h ! f9e/ education & musical tra9+ t c be giv5 !m4 ,_! bo>d1 education & musical tra9+ are free1 9 return = :i* !y give _! s]vices z *ori/]s4 ,:5 !y leave ! s*ool1 !y are foll[$ by ! int]e/ ( ! ,ca!dral organizations :i* endeavor to secure s*ol>%ips = _! high] education4 ,! m5 ( ! *oir1 ( :om !re are ab\t #bj1 d n reside at ! ,*oir ,s*ool4 ,! usual numb] ( *ori/]s1 m5 & boys1 9 ! ,ca!dral s]vices is ab\t #fj1 except dur+ ! summ] vacation :5 ! numb] is some:at r$uc$4 ,!re is probably no f9] *oir s*ool 9 ! _w1 & ! ,ca!dral music is ! highe/ expression ( ?is =m ( musical art 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dean]y ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,*oir ,,s*ool ,! ,*oir ,s*ool build+1 :i* co/ ne>ly #ahj1jjj1 is ! gift ( ,mrs4 ,j4 ,j>rett ,blodgett 9 memory ( h] fa!r ,mr4 ,john ,h9man ,%]wood4 ,at ,ea/]tide1 #aiad1 ! late ,commodore ,fr$]ick ,g4 ,b\rne1 :o _h sung z a boy 9 ,tr9ity ,*ur* & 9 lat] ye>s 9 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,inc>nation1 end[$ ! s*ool ) #ejj1jjj2 & by 8 w1 probat$ ,m>* #ae1 #aiai1 gave #ajj1jjj to ! ,ca!dral t[>d ! build+ ( ! ,nave & ab\t ! same am\nt to ! ,*oir ,s*ool end[m5t4 ,memb]s ( ! ,diocesan ,auxili>y to ! ,ca!dral contribut$ g5]\sly t[>d ! furni%+ ( ! s*ool4 ,a tablet 9 ! por* reads3 8,9 ,fai?ful ,memory ( ,john ,h9man ,%]wood ,j ,upright ,true ,erect$ by 8 daught] #aiab40 ,/4 ,fai?'s ,h\se ,/4 ,fai?'s ,h\se 7,d4 on plan7 is ! home ( ! ,new ,york ,tra9+ ,s*ool = ,deaconesses1 an indep5d5t corporation :i* 0 f\nd$ 9 #ahij by ! late ,rev4 ,william ,re$ ,hunt+ton1 ,d4,d41 & :i* occupies a site 9 ! ,ca!dral ,close by p]mission ( ! ,tru/ees ( ! ,ca!dral4 ,! build+ ( ,indiana lime/one & brick is 9 ,tudor ,go?ic ar*itecture1 & measures #fh by #acg feet on ! outside4 ,x is ! gift ( ,ar*deacon ,*>les ,c4 ,tiffany 9 memory ( 8 wife4 ,! ar*itects 7 ,messrs4 ,he9s ,la,farge4 ,! ,synod ,h\se ,! ,synod ,h\se1 7,e4 on plan71 /&+ 9 ! s\?we/]n angle ( ! ,close on ! corn] ( ,ca!dral p>kway & ,am/]dam av5ue1 is ! meet+ place ( ! ,diocesan ,conv5tion & o!r secul> ga!r+s ( ! ,diocese4 ,x also conta9s ! ,bi%op's (fice & ! (fices ( ! ,suffragan ,bi%ops1 ! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,ar?ur ,seld5 ,lloyd1 ,d4,d41 & ! ,rt4 ,rev4 ,h]b]t ,%ipman1 ,d4,d4 ,x is ( ,k+wood4 ,w4 ,va41 s&/one ) p9k t+es1 q unlike any o!r /one 9 ! ,ca!dral gr\p4 ,! ,ar*itecture is pure ,fr5* ,go?ic ( ! #ac? c5tury1 ,messrs4 ,cram ,f]guson be+ ! ar*itects4 ,its outside dim5sions are #gc by #aga feet4 ,! ,we/]n ,entrance is a f9e example ( a m$iaeval recess$ por* 9 its ar*itecture & an int]e/+ illu/ration ( ! progress ( ,civilization & ,*ri/ianity 9 its sculptures4 ,x conta9s #dc figures 9 ! r\nd & a relief ( #ab figures 9 ! tympanum4 ,! key-note to ! composition is ! relief 9 ! ,tympanum repres5t+ ,*ri/ s5d+ out 8 ,disciples to baptize & tea* all ! nations ( ! _w4 ,b5ea? ?is is ! inscription3 8,all p[] is giv5 unto me 9 heav5 & e>? ,g ye !re=e1 & tea* all nations1 baptiz+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 tea*+ !m to obs]ve all ?+s :atsoev] ,i h comm&$ y2 & lo ,i am ) y always ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w0 7,mat4 xxviii4 #ah-bj74 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,synod ,,h\se ,! ar*ivolt outside ( ! tympanum is compos$ ( ?ree ranges ( ,go?ic ni*es 9 ! v\ssoirs1 conta9+ #cf little figures 9 ! r\nd4 ,! out] range repres5ts #ad anci5t & mod]n ,apo/les ( ,*ri/ianity z foll[s1 beg9n+ at ! l[e/ figure on ! left-h& side & read+ upw>d to ! c5t]1 & !nce d[nw>d to ! l[e/ "r-h& figure3 7#a7 ,c\nt ,z9z5dorf1 #agjj-agfj1 ,g]man re=m]1 f\nd] ( ,moravian ,bre?r51 mission>y to ,am]ican ,indians2 7#b7 ,/4 ,boniface1 #fhj-gee1 ,apo/le ( ,g]many2 7#c7 ,/4 ,francis ,xavi]1 #aejf-aeeb1 ,apo/le ( ! ,indies1 "o ( ! f\nd]s ( ! ,society ( ,jesus2 7#d7 ,/4 ,d5is1 #c;d c5tury1 ,apo/le ( ! ,gauls1 ,patron ,sa9t ( ,france2 7#e7 ,/4 ,olaf1 #iie-ajcj1 ,patron ,sa9t & ,k+ ( ,norway2 7#f7 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 di$ #fjd1 mission>y to ,brita91 fir/ ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury2 7#g7 ,innoc5t ( ,mosc[1 #agig-ahgi1 ,apo/le ( ,alaska & ,kam*atka1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,mosc[2 7#h7 ,/4 ,patrick1 circ4 #cgb-dfj1 ,apo/le & ,patron ,sa9t ( ,irel&2 7#i7 ,john ,eliot1 #afjd-afij1 ,apo/le ( ,am]ican ,indians1 translator ( ,bible into ,indian language2 7#aj7 ,/4 ,willibrod1 #feh-gci1 ,apo/le ( ! ,frisians1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,utre*t2 7#aa7 ,/4 ,cyril1 #hbg-hfi1 ,apo/le ( ! ,slavs1 inv5tor ( ! ,cyrillic alphabet2 7#ab7 ,david ,liv+/one1 #ahac-ahgc1 ,briti% explor] & mission>y 9 ,africa2 7#ac7 ,/4 ,columba1 #eba-eig1 ,apo/le ( ,cal$onia2 7#ad7 ,*>les ,george ,gordon1 8,gordon ,pa%a10 #ahcc-ahhe1 ,briti% ,g5]al1 promot] ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ,*9a & ,egypt4 ,! #ab figures 9 ! middle range repres5t ! ,arts & ,sci5ces4 ,9 ! same ord] !y are3 7#a7 ,natural ,sci5ce1 man ) microscope2 7#b7 ,sculpture1 man ) mallet & *isel2 7#c7 ,m$ic9e1 man ) book & skull2 7#d7 ,lit]ature1 woman read+ a book2 7#e7 ,*emi/ry1 woman hold+ al(t a retort2 7#f7 ,indu/rial ,art1 man ) vase2 7#g7 ,pa9t+1 man ) palette2 7#h7 ,a/ronomy1 man ) globe2 7#i7 ,ma!matics1 man we>+ spectacles & g[n1 hold+ cone & truncat$ pyramid2 7#aj7 ,physics1 woman ) telephone2 7#aa7 ,music1 man ) violoncello2 7#ab7 ,ar*itecture1 man#ej hold+ model ( build+4 ,! #aj figures 9 ! inn]mo/ range repres5t ! ,crafts & ,indu/ries1 z foll[s3 7#a7 ,bookb9d+1 man mak+ a book2 7#b7 ,agriculture1 man s[+ se$2 7#c7 ,metal ,indu/ry1 man p\r+ molt5 metal f ladle2 7#d7 ,textile ,indu/ry1 woman ) di/aff & %uttle2 7#e7 ,navigation1 sailor hold+ telescope ) rope at feet2 7#f7 ,build+1 man lay+ brick2 7#g7 ,eng9e]+1 man hold+ tape measure2 7#h7 ,fi%+1 sailor ) se9e2 7#i7 ,m9+1 man ) pickaxe & m9]'s cap2 7#aj7 ,%oemak+1 cobbl] at 8 la/4 ,bel[ ^!1 9 ni*es 9 ! splays & c5tral pila/] ( ! door-way1 are #g l>g] figures repres5t+ ,sev5 ,fam\s ,*ri/ian ,rul]s :o h c>ri$ out ! injunction 9 ! tympanum1 z foll[s1 7left to "r73 7#a7 ,emp]or ,con/ant9e1 once rul] ( ! ,roman ,_w & f\nd] ( ,con/ant9ople1 :o proclaim$ religi\s tol]ation & presid$ ov] ! c\ncil :i* adopt$ ! ,nic5e ,cre$2 7#b7 ,*>lemagne1 ,k+ ( ! ,franks1 ,emp]or ( ! reviv$ we/]n ,roman empire1 :o introduc$ ,*ri/ianity into conqu]$ c\ntries1 ma9ta9$ popul> assemblies1 & promot$ sci5ce1 art & lett]s2 7#c7 ,alexis1 "o ( ! able/ ,emp]ors ( ,byzantium & fri5d ( ! ,crusad]s2 7#d1 9 c5t]7 ,george ,wa%+ton1 to ^: "* z ,*ri/ian soldi]1 /atesman & fir/ ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 atta*es local int]e/ f ! fact t he comm&$ ! ,am]ican troops 9 ! ,battle ( ,h>lem ,heights :i* 0 f\ght p>tly on ! gr\nd occupi$ by ! ,ca!dral ,close2 7#e7 ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 ,k+ ( ,sw$51 "o ( ! greate/ g5]als1 :o1 ) 8 army 9 ,g]many1 sav$ ! cause ( ,prote/antism 9 ! ,?irty ,ye>s ,w>2 7#f7 ,/4 ,l\is1 ,k+ ( ,france1 ! mo/ di/+ui%$ mon>* ( 8 age1 :o 0 not$ = 8 piety1 ju/ice & m]cy1 & :o di$ on a ,crusade2 & 7#g7 ,alfr$ ! ,great1 ,k+ ( ,wessex1 :o bore ! brunt ( ! ,dani% invasions & 0 a promot] ( education & ,*ri/ianity4 ,! sculptures are by ,john ,evans ,co4 ( ,bo/on4 ,! ,int]ior decoration ( ! high ro( & op5 timb]s ( ! truss-"w 9 poly*rome is typical ( ! ,middle ,ages & ! wood panell+ is a rem9d] ( #ae? c5tury "w4 ,! latt] is by ,messrs4 ,wm4 ,f4 ,ross ,co41 ( ,cambridge1 ,mass4 ,! grisaille w9d[s are by ,mr4 ,*>les ,j4 ,connick ( ,bo/on4 ,! ma9 hall1 :i* seats #hjj on ! floor & #djj 9 ! gall]y1 has a l>ge pipe organ built by ! ,erne/ ,m4 ,sk9n] ,co4 ( ,bo/on4 ,! ,und]cr(t 7basem5t7 is equipp$ = use z a refectory4 ,! build+ co/ ab\t #cej1jjj4 ,9 ! ma9 ve/ibule1 ov] ! out] door-way1 is ?is inscription3 8,to ! ,glory ( ,god & = ! ,s]vice ( ,8 ,p ,?is ,synod ,h\se 0 ,giv5 9 ! ye> ,a4 ,d4 #aiab by ,john ,pi]pont ,morgan & ,william ,bay>d ,cutt+40 ,op5 ,air ,pulpit ,! ,op5 ,air ,pulpit 7,f4 on plan7 /&+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,ca!dral ,close1 is 9 ! =m ( an op5-"w ,go?ic spire #dj feet high1 built ( ,daytona /one4 ,on its f\r sides are ! usual symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,! pulpit 0 design$ by ,messrs4 ,h[ells & ,/okes & 0 pres5t$ by ,miss ,olivia ,phelps ,/okes 9 memory ( h] si/] ,miss ,c>ol9e ,phelps ,/okes4 ,x 0 sugge/$ by ! outdoor s]vices held "h be=e ! ,*oir & ,cross+ 7 ready1 & by ! op5 air pulpit atta*$ to ! ca!dral *ur* at ,p]ugia4 ,organizations ,! foll[+ organizations ( m5 & wom5 aid 9 ! ,ca!dral "w3 ,! ,diocesan ,auxili>y to ! ,ca!dral3 ,presid5t1 ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,w4 ,munroe2 ,vice-,presid5ts1 ,mrs4 ,john ,gre5\gh1 ,mrs4 ,haley ,fiske1 ,mrs4 ,w4 ,m4 ,v4 ,h(fman2 ,secret>y1 ,mrs4 ,l\is ,mansfield ,ogd52 ,assi/ant ,secret>y1 ,mrs4 ,francis ,c4 ,hunt+ton2 ,treasur]1 ,mrs4 ,h>old ,f4 ,hadd54 ,! ,ca!dral ,league3 ,presid5t1 ,mr4 ,john ,s4 ,rog]s2 ,vice-,presid5t1 ,hon4 ,?omas ,c4 ,t4 ,cra92 ,treasur]1 ,mr4 ,john ,a4 ,hance2 ,secret>y1 ,dr4 ,john ,b4 ,walk]4 ,! ,laym5's ,club3 ,presid5t1 ,mr4 ,!ophilus ,b>ratt2 ,vice-,presid5ts1 ,messrs4 ,william ,w4 ,borman1 ,h5ry ,m4 ,sp]ry1 ,rob]t ,liv+/on ,/$man2 ,treasur]1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,p4 ,dietz2 ,secret>y1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,h>dwick ,/agg4 ,organiz$ #aijh1 incorporat$ #aibj1 8to promote & /imulate int]e/ 9 ! influ5ce1 gr[? & completion ( ! ,ca!dral2 to br+ ! ,ca!dral & its "w m completely )9 ! k ( ! community2 & to promote ! g5]al welf>e ( ! ,ca!dral40 ,among its activities are ! publication ( ?is ,guide ,book & ! ,ca!dral po/-c>ds1 ! improvem5t ( ! ,ca!dral gr\nds1 ! assi/+ ( a *oir boy to complete 9 "s well-kn[n prep>atory s*ool 8 prep>ation = college1 ! tra9+ ( ! ,ca!dral ,troop ( ,boy ,sc\ts1 ! giv+ ( free lectures1 ! u%]+ 9 ! ,ca!dral1 etc4 ,! ,ca!dral ,u%]s are memb]s ( ! ,laym5's ,club z /ipulat$ 9 a resolution ( ! ,ca!dral ,tru/ees pass$ ,april #be1 #aiaa1 & are designat$ f week to week by ! ,canon ,sacri/4 ,! badge ( ! ,u%]s is a vesica-%ap$#ea gold m$allion1 hav+ 9 ! c5t] an episcopal mitre1 surr\nd$ by ! leg5d 8,ecclesia ,ca!dralis ,s4 ,johannis ,!ologi20 susp5d$ by a purple ribbon f a gold b> be>+ ! ^w 8,u%]40 ,guide ,book ,copies ( ?is ,guide ,book may be procur$ at ! ,ca!dral f ! ,v]g] or ! ,u%]s1 or w be s5t by mail ^u reque/ address$ to ! ,v]g] 7p4 #bc74 ,9 /iff pap] cov]s #ej c5ts 7by mail #fj c5ts72 9 purple clo? cov]s /amp$ ) gold #a4jj 7by mail #a4aj74 ,,footnotes #a ,! s]vice on ,nov4 #bd1 :5 ! flags ( #ab lib]at$ nationalities 7 c>ri$ 9 ! procession1 & t on ,?anksgiv+ ,day :5 ! flags ( #bg alli$ nations 7 c>ri$1 7 two ( ! mo/ mov+ religi\s s]vices ev] held 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! lib]at$ peoples repres5t$ 9 ! =m] 7 ! ,arm5ian1 ,albanian1 ,cze*o-,slovak1 ,jugo-,slav1 ,greek ,irr$5ti/1 ,italian ,irr$5ti/1 ,li?uanian1 ,poli%1 ,rumanian1 ,uhro-,rus91 ,ukranian1 & ,zioni/4 #b ,! quality ( div9ity app]ta9+ only to ! ,deity4 #c ,?is 0 a /one t[] simil> to ! "o s well pres]v$ 9 ,c5tral ,p>k4 ,! rema9s ( ano!r are at ! nor!rn end ( ,morn+side ,p>k4 #d ,see note on page #aaf4 #e ,! pa/oral /aff 0 pres5t$ to ,bi%op ,mann+ 9 #aibc by ! ,bi%op1 cl]gy & laity ( ! ,diocese ( ,london4 ,see ref]5ce to ! ,diocese ( ,london on page #bd4 #f ,! processional cross1 a memorial ( ! late ,walt] ,d4 ,davidge1 ,*airman ( ,u%]s1 is ov]laid ) pure gold1 & m\nt$ ^u a c>v$ mahogany /aff4 ,9 its c5t] is a l>ge topaz jewel ) _m facets4 ,x 0 made by ,messrs4 ,j4 ,r4 ,lamb4 #g ,mr4 ,he9s 0 born ,may #bd1 #ahfj1 9 ,philadelphia1 ,p5n41 & di$ ,septemb] #be1 #aijg1 at ,mohegan ,lake1 ,n4 ,y41 :]e !re is a *ur* erect$ 9 8 memory4 #h ,morn+side ,heights are s nam$ because !y front ea/w>d4 #i ,see description ( corn]-/one on page #ajj4 #aj ,?is is true 9 bo? ! natural & ! spiritual worlds4 ,! oak gr[s m sl[ly ?an ! p9e2 & ! moral a*ievem5ts :i* are wor? ! mo/ & la/ ! longe/ are ! h>de/ to accompli%4 #aa ,! figures ( ! ,virg9 & ! ,*ild sugge/ ! fact t ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,savi\r occupies ! position usually giv5 to ! ,lady ,*apel 9 ,european ca!drals4 #ab ,! diagonal cross ( ,/4 ,&rew symbolizes n only ! mode ( 8 m>tyrdom b also humility4 ,! leg5d is t :5 condemn$ to dea?1 he ask$ to be nail$ to a cross ( a =m diff]5t f ! ,savi\r's1 z he 0 n wor?y to die on ! same k9d4 #ac ,! usual symbol ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 ! knife ) :i* he 0 flay$ alive1 & t ( ,/4 ,mat!w1 ! money bag1 indicat+ 8 occupation be=e he 0 call$1 are n app>5t4 #ad ,!re is a tradition t ,/4 ,luke pa9t$ ! fir/ portrait ( ,*ri/4 ,pictures ( ! ,madonna attribut$ to ,luke are n uncommon 9 s\!rn ,italy4 ,!re is "o su* 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,,ss4 ,pet] & ,paul at ,citta ,vec*ia1 ,malta4 ,see article entitl$ 8,knights & ,sights ( ,malta0 9 ,h>p]'s ,magaz9e = ,july1 #aibc1 p4 #aei4 #ae & are ! ,greek lett]s iota sigma & *i sigma1 7uncial =m17 be+ ! fir/ & la/ lett]s 9 ea* case ( ! ,greek words = ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! lett]s are read toge!r & spell ! ,greek ^w :i* means 8conqu]s40 ,mrs4 ,j5n]1 9 h] 8,*ri/ian ,symbolism10 says t ?is inscription 8is /amp$ ^u e alt>-bread ( ! ,or?odox ,ea/]n ,*ur*1 & x occurs on e eikon ( our ,"l40 #af ,:at is "h in=mally call$ ! c5tral aisle is sometimes call$ by ar*itects ! ,nave1 to di/+ui% x f ! p>allel passages call$ aisles4 #ag ,^! sculptures are surpass+ly beautiful4 ,! ,supp] at ,emmaus has a p>ticul>ly dramatic quality4 ,note ! amazem5t ( ! two ,disciples z !y recognize ! ,savi\r aft] 8 crucifixion1 _! attitudes & facial expressions1 & ! ve9 /&+ out on ! neck ( ! "o 9 ! =egr\nd4 #ah ,! use ( ! grape-v9e to symbolize ,*ri/ dates f ! v beg9n+ ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,a silv] *alice f\nd 9 ,antio* by ,arabs 9 #aiaj & believ$ to date f ! #a/ c5tury1 is cov]$ ) a grape-v9e ( twelve bran*es 9 ! mid/ ( :i* are figures ( ,*ri/ & ! writ]s ( ! ,gospels & ,epi/les 7,see ,n4 ,y4 ,ev5+ ,sun ( ,jan4 #c1 #aibj1 & ,n4 ,y4 ,times ( ,may #ad1 #aibb47 #ai ,^! symbols1 suppos$ to be d]iv$ f ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john 7iv4 #g7 & ! prophecy ( ,ezekiel 7i4 #aj71 are v>i\sly int]pret$4 ,"o explanation ( ea* foll[s3 ,! man or *]ub is giv5 to ,/4 ,mat!w because he dwells on ! human side ( ,*ri/2 ! lion to ,/4 ,m>k because he is call$ ! hi/orian ( ! resurrection1 & anci5t naturali/s believ$ t ! lion 0 born inanimate & came to life ?ree days aft] bir?2 ! ox1 ! emblem ( sacrifice1 to ,/4 ,luke because he dwells on ! prie/hood ( ,*ri/2 & ! eagle to ,/4 ,john because he so>$ 9 ! _s to heav5 & saw ,god4 #bj ,^! ,romanesque features are "p ( ! orig9al design :i* 0 subsequ5tly ab&on$4 ,!re is a plan = *ang+ !m to ,go?ic4 #ba ,!re is mu* ambiguity 9 ! use by ar*itects ( t]ms to indicate ! sub-divisions ( ! ea/]n limb ( a ca!dral :i* is call$ compreh5sively ! ,*oir4 ,! designations "h us$--! ,*oir prop]1 ! ,presbyt]y1 & ! ,sanctu>y--are suffici5t = pres5t purposes )\t confus+ ! read] ) conflict+ def9itions4 #bb ,= details ( int5tional dep>tures f absolute levels1 & f regul>ity ( height & spac+ ( ar*es1 see 8,temp]am5tal ,ar*itecture0 9 8,! ,new ,york ,ar*itect0 = ,april1 #aiaa4 #bc ,see ,abbott's 8,hi/ory ( ,k+ ,alfr$0 = leg5ds conc]n+ ! cakes4 ,"o is1 t ,alfr$1 :5 a fugitive f ! ,danes1 0 hid+ "o day 9 a peasant's cottage1 & :ile sitt+ by ! fire-place m5d+ 8 b[1 he 0 reque/$ by ! h\se-wife to wat* h] cakes :i* 7 bak+4 ,absorb$ 9 ?\ghts ( 8 k+dom1 he =got ! cakes1 & = 8 neglect 0 r\ndly scold$ by ! woman :o little realiz$ 8 "*4 #bd ,/4 ,francis1 f\nd] ( ! ,franciscan ,ord]1 lit]ally int]pret$ ! text 8,g ye into all ! _w & prea* ! ,gospel to e creature0 7,m>k xvi4 #ae7 & a fam\s fresco by ,giotto 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,francesco1 at ,assisi1 repres5ts him prea*+ to ! birds4 #be 8,ca!dral ,*oirs 444 h = ages be5 divid$ into two portions fac+ ea* o!r & respectively nam$ ,decani1 or ! side ( ! ,dean1 444 & ,cantoris1 or ! side ( ! ,cantor0 or ,prec5tor4--,hunt's ,concise ,hi/ory ( ,music4 #bf ,bro!r ( ,horatio ,pott] & fa!r ( ,h5ry ,codman ,pott]1 ,bi%ops ( ,new ,york4 #bg ,see ref]5ce to ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s on page #dd4 #bh ,see page #ic = anecdote ( ! ,dove ( ,peace connect$ ) ?is w9d[4 #bi ,see page #gd foll[+4 #cj ,! poetic beauty ( ?is w9d[ tempts "o to re-read ,milton's 8,p>adise ,lo/40 ,! beautiful leg5d ( ,/4 ,raphael1 ! fri5dly travell]1 a favorite subject ( art1 is to be f\nd 9 ! ,book ( ,tobit1 9 ! ,apo*rypha4 #ca ,uncle ( ,bi%op ,h5ry ,codman ,pott]1 sev5? ,bi%op ( ,new ,york1 ^: tomb is 9 ! ,*apel ( ,/4 ,james4 #cb ,! symbolism applicable to ,bi%op ,pott]'s "w is t ( ! famili> adage1 8,great oaks f little acorns gr[40 #cc ,! congregational s++1 always a feature ( ! ,ca!dral s]vices1 is rem>kable on ^! occasions1 especially ) ! color$ congregations1 among :om are (t5 he>d voices ( exceptional quality4 #cd ,conc]n+ ! - symbol1 see page #cd4 ,conc]n+ ! ,i*?us symbol1 see page #aaf4 #ce ,^! lett]s ihc & ! correspond+ capitals 7iota1 eta1 sigma17 are ! fir/ two & la/ lett]s ( ! ,greek ^w = ,jesus4 ,!y are frequ5tly associat$ ) ! lett]s 7*i1 rho1 sigma17 ! fir/ two & la/ lett]s ( ! ^w = ,*ri/4 ,:5 conv]t$ into ! ,roman =m ( ihs or ,,ihs1 !y are sometimes con/ru$ to be ! initials ( ! words ,jesus ,hom9um ,salvator 7,jesus ,savi\r ( ,m574 #cf ,?is r>e repres5tation ( ,god ! ,fa!r 9 human =m is aft] examples develop$ dur+ & conf9$ almo/ entirely to ! #ad?-#af? c5turies4 ,! triangul> nimbus is peculi>ly ! symbol ( ,god ! ,fa!r4 ,note description ( ,r]$os4 #cg ,grisaille1 f ! ,fr5* 8gris0 mean+ 8gray10 s-call$ on acc\nt ( ! grizzl$ or grayi% br[n glass (t5 employ$4 ,w9d[s 9 geometrical designs are also call$ patt]n w9d[s4 ,o!r examples ( grisaille w9d[s are ^? 9 ,/4 ,columba ,*apel4 #ch ,! design] has tak5 arti/ic lic5se ) ^! colors4 ,/rictly1 ! arms ( ! ,city ( ,rheims are3 ,on a silv] field1 a gre5 wrea? ( oak & laurel ) r$ fruit2 on a blue *ief ?ree fleurs de lis ( gold4 #ci ,/rictly1 ! arms ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,rheims are3 ,on a blue field spr9kl$ ) gold5 fleurs de lis1 a silv] cross ov] all4 #dj ,9 #acgf1 ,*>les ,v4 fix$ ! numb] ( fleurs de lis 9 ! royal arms at ?ree 8to symbolize ! ,holy ,tr9ity40 ,"s p]sons consid] t ! ?ree leaves ( ! conv5tional fleur de lis also symbolize ! ,tr9ity4 #da ,?is repres5tation ( ! ,transfiguration1 l t 9 ! r]$os ( ! ,*apel ( ,sa9t ,james describ$ on page #ga1 is aft] ,raphael's la/ "w1 ! orig9al ( :i* is 9 ! ,vatican4 ,9 bo? cases ! poses ( ! six figures h be5 adapt$ to ! spaces occupi$4 #db ,9 ! foll[+ table ac4 indicates date ( accession to title4 ,"s ( ! dates "h & on page #hf are only approximate4 #dc ,only ! nimbus ( ! ,deity is ornam5t$ ) ! cross4 ,9 a front view1 b ?ree arms ( ! cross appe>2 & sometimes ^! are repres5t$ z rays ( light4 ,a few writ]s1 includ+ ,g4 ,j4 ,fr5* & ,w4 ,g4 ,audsley1 cont5d t ! ?ree rays on ! nimbus ( ! ,deity h no connection ) ! cross1 b symbolize ! ,tr9ity4 ,! simil>ity ( ! floriat$ t]m9als to ! ,fr5* fleur de lis has no special mean+1 ! real significance be+1 z /at$ on page #gd ! fl[]+ or productiv5ess ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 #dd ,a ,bi%op's crozi] is usually 9 ! =m ( a pa/oral /aff1 or ornate %eph]d's crook2 an ,ar*bi%op's /aff has a cross in/ead ( a crook at ! upp] end2 & a papal /aff has a d\ble cross at ! upp] end4 #de ,! f\nd] ( a see is usually repres5t$ hold+ ! model ( a ca!dral4 #df ,z an illu/ration ( a peace leg5d connect$ ) a ,european *ur* may be m5tion$ t ( ! ,gold5 ,virg9 ( ! basilica ( ,notre ,dame de ,brebi]es1 9 ,alb]t1 ,france4 ,9 ! bomb>dm5t ( #aiad1 ! figure ( ! ,virg9 & ,*ild :i* surm\nt$ ! spire 0 ?r[n ov] & rema9$ susp5d$ at "r angles = ov] ?ree ye>s2 dur+ :i* "t ! belief sprang up locally t :5 ! ,gold5 ,virg9 fell1 peace w\ld come4 ,! ,virg9 fell dur+ ! bomb>dm5t ( #aiah1 & peace ensu$ a few mon?s lat]4 #dg ,"s ye>s ago1 :5 ,canon ,d\glas 0 visit+ ,worce/] ,ca!dral1 ,engl&1 ,canon ,wilson po9t$ to a spot 9 ! wall :]e an anci5t c>v$ /one _h be5 replac$ by a mod]n /one1 & said3 8,a good :ile ago a man ( ! "n ( ,hunt+ton1 :o introduc$ himself z ,rector ( a *ur* 9 ,worce/]1 ,mass41 begg$ me to give him a bit ( c>v$ /one z a symbol ( ! ties betwe5 ,engl& & ,am]ica40 ,?is l$ ,canon ,d\glas to ask = a simil> gift to be plac$ 9 ,/4 ,ansg>ius' ,*apel1 :i* is a memorial ( ,dr4 ,hunt+ton1 9 a ,h\se ( ,god :]e ,engli%m5 & ,am]icans (t5 meet & :]e memb]s ( ! ,daught] ,*ur* h con/ant occasion to recall _! indebt$ness to ! ,"m ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 #dh ,! ,corn] ,/one also conta9s a ,bible1 a ,pray] ,book1 a ,hymnal1 ,j\rnals ( ! ,diocesan ,conv5tions #ahhb-ahib1 ,j\rnals ( ! ,g5]al ,conv5tions #ahhi-ahib1 ,c5t5nial ,hi/ory ( ! ,diocese ( ,new ,york1 sev]al *ur* p]iodicals1 ?ree diff]5t almanacs = #ahic1 ,catalogue ( ! ,g5]al ,!ological ,sem9>y & ,/4 ,/eph5's ,college #ahib-ahic1 ,new ,york daily pap]s ( ,decemb] #bg1 #ahib1 ! =m ( s]vice = lay+ ! ,corn] ,/one1 names ( ! ,ca!dral ,tru/ees1 sev]al *>ges & addresses deliv]$ by ,bi%op ,pott] on v>i\s occasions1 lett]s f ! ,bi%op to ! cl]gy & o!rs conc]n+ ! ,ca!dral1 ! badge & rules ( pray] ( ! ,bro!rhood ( ,/4 ,&rew1 m$al ( ! ,mission>y ,society1 li/s ( pr9cipal (fic]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,n4 ,y4 ,/ate & ,n4 ,y4 ,city gov]nm5ts1 & a li/ ( ! objects plac$ 9 ! /one4 #di ,= details1 see description 9 ! ,ar*itectural ,record = ,augu/1 #aiad4 #ej ,ralph ,adams ,cram4 #ea ,sev]al ideas associat$ ) ! fi%-%ape ( ! vesica piscis h caus$ x to be recogniz$ z a symbol ( ,*ri/4 ,9 an +5i\s rebus ( a v e>ly date1 ! five lett]s ( ! ,greek ^w = 8fi%0 1 =m ! initials ( ! ,greek words 1 1 1 :i* mean 8,jesus ,*ri/1 ,son ( ,god1 ,savi\r40