,l9coln1 ,! ,am]ican                    
by                                      
,,frank ,o4 ,,l[d5                      
,gov]nor ( ,ill9ois                     
,bo/on1 ,mass4                          
,febru>y #ab1 #aiai                     
,pr9t$ by au?ority ( ! ,/ate ( ,ill9ois4
                                        
,illu/ration3 colophon                  
,,spr+field1 ,,ill4                     
,,ill9ois ,,/ate ,,j\rnal ,,co41 ,,/ate 
,,pr9t]s                                
#aiai                                   
#aegic--a,m           ,gov]nor ,frank   
,o4 ,l[d5 ( ,ill9ois deliv]$ ! foll[+   
address be=e ! ,middlesex ,club at !    
,hotel ,som]set               9 ,bo/on1 
,mass41 ,w$nesday ev5+ ,febru>y         
#ab1 #aiai3    ,pr9ciples r ?an policies
 appeal$ to ,abraham ,l9coln4 ,all great
  que/ions seem$ to him to involve "s   
moral quality4 ,x 0 8 habit1  !re=e1 to 
resolve !m into _! simple fundam5tals4  
,x ?us  happ5s t _m ( 8 words are z apt 
& =ceful to-day z :5  !y 7 fir/ spok5 by

 him4 ,y\r ,club has recogniz$ ?is fact 
&  has made 8,l9coln1 ! ,am]ican10 ! !me
 ( ! ev5+4 ,9 h>mony  ) ?is ?\ght1 ,i   
%all try to put be=e y "s ( ! ?+s =  :i*
 ,l9coln /ood1 :i* directly apply1 z x  
seems to me1 to !  grave problems ) :i* 
we & all ! _w ) u are n[  confront$4    
,a hundr$ & t5 ye>s ago to-day1 two m5 7
 born4 ,bo? h be5  du/ = _m ye>s4 ,yet  
ea* play$ a l>ge "p 9 ! ,great ,_w ,w>  
t we hope has rea*$ its close4 ,^! m5 7 
,*>les ,d>w9 &  ,abraham ,l9coln4 ,d>w9 
devot$ 8 life to ! /udy ( mat]ial  ?+s4 
,9 t _w 9 :i* he liv$ he f\nd h]$ity &  
environm5t to be ! controll+ facts4 ,out
 ( 8 /udy came !  doctr9e ( ! survival (
 ! fitte/4 ,! savants ( ,g]many made  t 
doctr9e ! corn]-/one ( a new philosophy 
:i* !y call$  ,kultur4    ,accord+ to   
,kultur1 ! _w belong$ to ! /rong & to ! 
/rong  alone4 ,might 0 "r1 & ! _w 0 9 ! 
rel5tless grip (  physical =ce4 ,ju/ice1
 g5tl5ess1 righte\sness 7 words inv5t$  
by ! weak to protect !mselves aga9/ !   
/rong4 ,to pity a foe 0  weakness2 to   

sp>e him 0 a crime4 ,kultur 0 a d5ial ( 
! moral  law2 0 a bl9d fai? 9 ! p[] ( ! 
laws ( life :i* ,d>w9 _h  decl>$4    ,on
 ! same day1 9 a cab9 9 ,k5tucky1       
,abraham ,l9coln 0 born4 ,if  h]$ity &  
environm5t _h be5 all !re 0 9 human     
life1 we nev]  %\ld h he>d 8 "n4 ,:ile  
,d>w9 delv$ 9 rocks to f9d  vani%$ =ms (
 life1 ,l9coln /udi$ m54 ,he le>n$ to "k
 m54 ,by  !m 8 sympa?ies 7 quick5$2 !   
moral dep?s ( 8 be+ 7  /irr$2 ! "r &    
wrong ( human conduct engag$ 8 deepe/   
?\ght4 ,j z ! laws ( physical be+       
unfold$ "u ! eye (  ! great sci5ti/1 s !
 laws ( ! moral univ]se disclos$        
!mselves to ! great man4 ,x 0 said t    
,d>w9 c\ld take a s+le  bone ( "s ext9ct
 & unkn[n animal & recon/ruct t animal  
p]fectly4 ,l9coln at ! same "t c\ld take
 a s+le wrong to society  & recon/ruct  
society1 to ! ev]la/+ b5efit ( all4     
,l9coln  nev] read ,! ,orig9 ( ,species1
 b he knew t1 "u ! moral law1  an injury
 by a sup]ior race to an inf]ior react$ 
^u itself4 ,he  said--8,?is is a _w (   

comp5sation & he :o w\ld be no slave mu/
  cons5t to h no slave4 ,& ^? :o d5y    
fre$om to o!rs des]ve  x n = !mselves & 
"u a j ,god _c long reta9 x40           
,unconsci\sly1 ,l9coln became !         
int]pret] ( ! moral laws (  society1 j z
 ,d>w9 became ! int]pret] ( ! physical  
laws (  life4 ,!re=e1 to ,l9coln all m5 
_h ! inali5able "r to 8life1  lib]ty & !
 pursuit ( happ9ess40 ,l9coln 0 z mu* at
 home  amid/ ! play ( moral & spiritual 
=ces z 0 ,d>w9 9 ! realm  ( m]e matt]4  
,x 0 ?is moral gr&eur to :i* ,l9coln    
atta9$  t made him ! wise/ ( all m54 ,=1
 aft] all1 wisdom is l>gely a  product (
 "*4 ,m5 may be intellectually          
brilliant1 inde$  brilliant beyond      
comp>e1 & yet be utt]ly lack+ 9 wisdom4 
,:]e  o!r m5 _h views1 ,l9coln _h       
convictions4 ,convictions come f !  he>t
 & n f ! bra94 ,& s if !re comes a "q ( 
human  lib]ty1 ( human rights1 "o may   
turn to ,l9coln = an answ] )\t  inquir+ 
z to ! p>ticul> ye> 9 :i* he wrote4 ,!re
 is a  p]fect h>mony runn+ ?r\gh all 8  

utt]ances4    ,x is n /range t z ,kultur
 0 p>tially f\nd$ ^u ! doctr9e  ( ,d>w91
 s ! ,allies f\nd _! *ief inspiration 9 
! life (  ,abraham ,l9coln4 ,= ?is great
 conte/ 0 a w> betwe5 ! mat]ial  =ces ( 
! _w1 ^u ! "o h&1 & ! spiritual =ces on 
!  o!r4 ,:]e ! ,c5tral ,empires f\nd    
com=t 9 ,! ,orig9 ( ,species1  ! /atesm5
 ( ,engl& & ,france1 & ( ,italy & !     
,unit$ ,/ates  read ! ,gettysburg spee* 
& ! ,second ,inaugural1 & s !y r5ew$  _!
 fai? & refre%$ _! c\rage4    ,d>w9 &   
,l9coln6 ,d>w9 ann\nc+ ! survival ( !   
/rong6  ,l9coln decl>+ t :5 be+ m\nt$ up
 to man1 love also came into  ! univ]se 
to %ield ! weak6 ,l9coln insi/+ t :5 !  
laws (  ! physical univ]se & ( ! moral  
univ]se cla%1 ^? ( !  moral univ]se w   
prevail6 ,?ank ,god1 our soldi]s1 on a  
score (  immortal battlefields 9 ! la/  
two ye>s1 h prov5 t ,l9coln  0 "r4 ,!   
victory :i* we celebrate is ! victory ( 
spiritual  =ces ov] ! ?+s ( e>?4        
,l9coln truly s]v$ mank9d because he    
lov$ mank9d4 ,g5u9e s]vice  mu/ always  

spr+ f ! prompt+s ( ! he>t1 & is nev] a 
product ( ! w alone4 ,x 0 y\r own poet  
,l[ell :o said3        8,h[ beautiful to
 see       ,once m a %eph]d ( mank9d    
inde$1       ,:o lov$ 8 *>ge1 b nev]    
lov$ to lead40    ,& s he c\ldn't help  
giv+ 8 t5d]e/ ?\ght to ! work+ man4  ,he
 c>$ = him because he c>$ = all m54 ,all
 are famili> ) 8  significant say+ t !  
,"l loves pla9 p because ,he made s  _m 
( !m4    ,) ref]5ce to ! age-old "q (   
labor & capital1 he  decl>$--8,labor is 
prior to & indep5d5t ( capital4 ,capital
 is only  ! fruit ( labor & c\ld nev] h 
exi/$ if labor _h n fir/  exi/$4 ,labor 
is ! sup]ior ( capital & des]ves mu* !  
highe/  consid]ation40 ,?is is b ano!r  
way ( say+ t society %\ld  *iefly conc]n
 itself ) ! lot 9 life ( ! av]age man4  
,& ?is  is b say+1 9 ano!r =m1 t ,l9coln
 0 a lov] ( humanity4  ,! ,decl>ation ( 
,indep5d5ce1 to :i*1 aga9 & aga91 he    
turn$ 9  8 ?9k+1 includ$ n only ! "r to 
life & lib]ty1 b !  "r to ! pursuit (   
happ9ess z well4 ,& x is int]e/+ to note

  t ?\gh ,l9coln emphasiz$ ! "r to      
lib]ty--= slav]y 0 !  dom9ant issue at !
 "t--he nev] ref]r$ to ! ,decl>ation1 s 
f>  z ,i c f9d1 )\t c\pl+ ) ! "r to     
lib]ty1 ! "r to  ! pursuit ( happ9ess4  
,life means mu*2 lib]ty means mu*2 b bo?
  fail unless life c be liv$ & lib]ty   
enjoy$ "u conditions (  well-be+4 ,any  
=m ( gov]nm5t is b a means to an end1 & 
t  end is ! happ9ess ( ! individual4 ,i 
am sure t 9 our almo/ a  c5tury & a half
 ( exi/5ce1 s9ce t great day (          
,indep5d5ce1  m m5 h liv$ happy lives 9 
our c\ntry & "u our =m (  gov]nm5t ?an 9
 any o!r 9 all ! hi/ory ( ! _w4    ,b ! 
happ9ess & well-be+ ( ! av]age man &    
woman mu/ be  /eadily advanc$ if our    
in/itutions are to endure4 ,! economi/s 
may  expla91 ! /atesm5 may excuse our   
failure to accompli% ?is1 b  ! fact     
rema9s t our civilization w fail if !   
well-be+ (  ! m5 & wom5 & *ildr5 (      
,am]ica %all n cont9u\sly  improve4     
,?is _c be1 h[ev]1 9 my op9ion1 if we   
de/roy private initiative  9 indu/ry4 ,=

 e inv5tion1 = e improv$ process made "u
  ! /imulus ( private initiative1 ?\gh !
 inv5tor may pr(it1  society pr(its     
immeasurably m4 ,a /eadily r$uc+ am\nt (
 human  labor is all ! "t requir$ to    
produce ! necessities ( life4 ,if we    
%all ab&on ! anci5t l&m>ks & sub/itute =
 private  initiative & private indu/ry a
 sociali/ic /ate1 ! progress (  mank9d w
 be arre/$ & retrogression w set 94     
,aga9 ,l9coln  speaks to u3 x is a      
message = to-day--8,! legitimate object 
(  gov]nm5t is to d = a community ( p   
:atev] !y ne$ to  h done b _c d at all  
or _c s well d = !mselves 9  _! sep>ate 
& individual capacities4 ,9 all t ! p c 
individually d z well = !mselves1       
gov]nm5t ought n to  int]f]e40 ,he also 
w>ns u--8let n him :o is h\seless pull  
d[n  ! h\se ( ano!r1 b let him labor    
dilig5tly & build "o =  himself1 ?us by 
example assur+ t 8 own %all be safe f   
viol5ce :5 built40    ,l9coln 0 above   
all a great ,am]ican4 ,inde$1 x 0 t same
 poet (  y\rs1 :om ,i h already quot$1  

:o said ( him--8new bir? ( our  new     
soil1 ! fir/ ,am]ican40    ,all 8 life  
he hat$ slav]y1 b he lov$ 8 c\ntry m4   
,he  accept$ battle n to free ! slave b 
to save ! ,union4 ,) sad  he>t1 b )     
/eadfa/ c\rage1 he fac$ ! greate/ w> !  
_w  _h ev] se5 to keep ! flag ( 8       
c\ntry--& n ( !  _w--fly+ 9 ! sky4      
,!re are ^? :o believe !y c see some:]e 
high 9 ! sky a  %ad[y bann]1 ^u :i* is  
writt5 ! ^w 8int]nationalism40 ,to  "s  
?is f>-away flag seems :ite & to o!rs   
r$4 ,!y believe1  t ?is flag is to      
sup]s$e ! flag ( all ! nations ( ! e>?4 
,t "t may come1 b x w come only :5 m5   
%all cease to love  _! own1 :5 !y %all  
c>e = o!rs' families equally ) _!  own4 
,9 ! meantime we c s]ve humanity be/ by 
s]v+ our own  c\ntry fir/4    ,l9coln   
said3 8,i d n mean to say t ?is g5]al   
gov]nm5t is  *>g$ ) ! duty ( r$ress+ or 
prev5t+ all ! wrongs 9 !  _w2 b ,i d ?9k
 t x is *>g$ ) prev5t+ & r$ress+  all   
wrongs :i* are wrongs to itself40 ,^!   
words might indicate t  ,l9coln 0 n     

int]e/$ 9 humanity beyond our own       
bord]s4 ,?is is  n s4 ,all ?r\gh 8      
writ+s runs ! ?\ght t our cause 0 !     
cause ( humanity4 ,9 8 spee* at         
,gettysburg1 he did n say--8,let u      
highly resolve t ^! dead %all n h di$ 9 
va92 t ?is  ,nation1 "u ,god1 %all h a  
new bir? ( fre$om1 & t  gov]nm5t ( ! p1 
by ! p1 = ! p %all n  p]i%0 f ! ,unit$  
,/ates1 b 8f ! e>?40 ,8 vision  circl$  
all ! globe4 ,8 great he>t 0 beat+ 9    
sympa?y )  mank9d ev]y:]e4 ,b he knew t 
! sure/ way to help ! _w  0 to *]i% our 
priceless h]itage at home4 ,he knew t if
 we c\ld  pres]ve intact ! lib]ties &   
in/itutions :i* we call$ our own1  t 0 !
 greate/ s]vice we c\ld r5d] to mank9d4 
,h[ well he wr\ght ,i d\bt if ev5 he    
himself c\ld fully und]/&4  ,! condition
 ( mank9d ! _w ov] has be5 con/antly    
improv+1  due to our influ5ce & our     
example4 ,! ,am]ican ,republic has be5  
an  inspiration to ! lov]s ( lib]ty     
ev]y:]e4 ,x is ! la/ & be/  hope ( ! _w 
& he :o w\ld imp]il its future by excess

 ( love  = o!r peoples & o!r l&s is     
recreant n only to 8 c\ntry1  b to      
mank9d ev]y:]e4 ,! ,republic1 dur+ its  
almo/ a c5tury &  a half ( exi/5ce1 has 
_h a mighty influ5ce ?r\gh\t ! _w4  ,its
 p[] has come f its success z a         
self-gov]n+ nation4 ,our  influ5ce has  
run ar\nd ! globe because we h cont5t$  
ourselves  ) be+ an exempl> to1 r ?an a 
rul] ( mank9d4    ,l9coln did pres]ve ! 
,union & free ! slaves4 ,t ,nation :i*  
he  sav$ _h gr[n s p[]ful 9 a little m  
?an fifty ye>s t x  0 able1 9 ! supreme 
crisis ( civilization1 to turn ! tide ( 
!  great _w conflict4 ,& z he pray$1 s  
n[ we may h fai? to  believe t 8gov]nm5t
 ( ! p1 by ! p1 = ! p  %all n p]i% f !  
e>?40