,,! ,,pro(s ,,( ,,*ri/',s ,,resurrection2 ,,f ,a ,,lawy]',s ,,/&po9t4 ,,by ,,*>les ,r4 ,,morrison4 ,illu/ration ,,&ov]3 ,,w>r5 ,f4 ,,drap]4 #ahhb4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahhb1 ,,by ,,w>r5 ,f4 ,,drap]1 ,9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress1 at ,wa%+ton4 ,all ,rights ,res]v$4 ,,preface4 ,! pres5t treatise is int5d$ to give :at ! au?or has (t5 felt ! ne$ (--a compact & ?or\ghly reliable /atem5t ( ! pr9cipal hi/orical facts to ! au!nticity & integrity ( ! ,new ,te/am5t writ+s conc]n+ our ,"l1 & ! presumptions f !m :i* e/abli% 8 claims z our ,div9e ,r$eem] & ,savi\r4 ,! "q ( 8 ,resurrection f ! dead is select$ z ! pivot1 because ev]y?+ h+es ^u x4 ,?is "q1 :i*ev] way x is det]m9$1 is decisive4 ,x is a "q :i* greatly conc]ns e "o4 ,x is a "q ( evid5ce1 & z su* is especially des]v+ ( c>eful inquiry by memb]s ( ! legal pr(ession4 ,=1 z ,pr(4 ,gre5leaf obs]v$ 9 8 "w h]eaft] cit$1--8,if a close exam9ation ( ! evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity may be expect$ ( "o class ( m5 m ?an ano!r1 x w\ld seem incumb5t on u1 :o make ! law ( evid5ce "o ( our peculi> /udies40 ,z ! "q ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection is ! objective po9t ( our inquiries1 all o!r que/ions are subord9at$ to x1 & exam9$ s f> only z deem$ mat]ial to ! ma9 "q4 ,! au?or has avail$ himself ( a lawy]'s privilege1 & made use ( ! rese>*es1 argum5ts1 & conclusions ( o!rs :o may ju/ly be reg>d$ z au?ority1 & to :om he has giv5 cr$it z f> z practicable1 b has endeavor$ to =m an indep5d5t judgm5t 9 view ( all accessible s\rces ( in=mation4 ,! "w is1 9 ! ma91 z publi%$ 9 a s]ies ( articles 9 ! ,new ,hamp%ire ,j\rnal1 & also 9 ! ,v]mont ,*ronicle1 f ,m>* #e1 #ahha1 to ,april #a1 #ahhb1 :i* w expla9 ! use ( ! common v]sion 9 ! e>li] *apt]s & ! ,new ,revision 9 ! lat] ones4 ,:ile ! pro(s h be5 m>%all$ ar\nd ! pr9cipal fact1 ^? to e/abli% ! subsidi>y "q ( our ,f\r ,gospels & ! ,book ( ,acts h be5 l>gely c5t]$ ^u ! 8,memoirs0 m5tion$ 9 ! confess$ly g5u9e writ+s ( ,ju/9 ,m>tyr4 ,ju/91 9 8 ,fir/ ,apology1 s call$1 writt5 be=e ! ye> "o hundr$ & fifty ( our era1 & probably t5 ye>s e>li]1 has giv5 a graphic acc\nt ( ! usages 9 ! *ur*es g5]ally4 ,9 ?is acc\nt he says t1 on ! 8day call$ ,sunday10 ,memoirs ( ,*ri/ 7 read ) ! ,prophets1 9 all _! assemblies4 ,h5ce1 :5 x is asc]ta9$ t ^! ,memoirs 7 our ,canonical ,gospels1 we make a long /ride t[>d ! conclusion ( _! und\bt$ au!nticity & g5u95ess4 ,to all que/ions ( evid5ce :i* arise1 ! au?or applies legal pr9ciples & presumptions d]iv$ f exp]i5ce & con/antly act$ ^u 9 c\rts ( ju/ice4 ,he asks ( ! read] a pati5t p]usal to ! end1 = he confid5tly believes t ! vital fact ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection1 ) all ! gr& consequ5ces :i* necess>ily foll[ x1 is z susceptible ( pro(1 f und\bt$ hi/orical facts & solid argum5t1 z any o!r ev5t 9 hi/ory4 ,! "w is writt5 = busy m5 9 all ! walks ( life1 & ! writ] has endeavor$ to make himself und]/ood4 ,,*>les ,r4 ,,morrison4 ,,man*e/]1 ,n4 ,h41 ,augu/1 #ahhb4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,s\rces ,,( ,,evid5ce #g ,,ii4 ,,admissions ,,& ,,presumptions #ab ,,iii4 ,,papias ,,& ,,ju/9 ,,m>tyr #ad ,,iv4 ,,! ,,memoirs ,,int5d$ ,,by ,,ju/9 ,,m>tyr #ah ,v4 ,,quotations ,,& ,,citations #bc ,,vi4 ,,ju/9',s ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,f\r? ,,gospel #cj ,,vii4 ,,no ,,o!rs ,,prov$ #cd ,,viii4 ,,presumption ,,( ,,p]man5cy #dc ,,ix4 ,,! ,,memoirs ,,( ,,! ,,ye> ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,& ,,eighty #de ,x4 ,,asc5d+ ,,! ,,/ream #ej ,,xi4 ,,/ill ,,asc5d+ ,,! ,,/ream #eg ,,xii4 ,,9 ,,_! ,,prop] ,,repositories #fc ,,xiii4 ,,integrity ,,( ,,! ,,gospels #fg ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,cr$ibility ,,( ,,! ,,evangeli/s #gd ,,xv4 ,,! ,,apocalypse ,,& ,,! ,,f\r ,,epi/les #ha ,,xvi4 ,,8 ,,pr$ictions ,,conc]n+ ,,himself #hi ,,xvii4 ,,ord] ,,( ,,ev5ts #aja ,,xviii4 ,,suffici5cy ,,( ,,! ,,pro(s #aaj 7,false ,assumptions47 ,,xix4 ,,suffici5cy ,,( ,,! ,,pro(s #abj 7,affirmative ,evid5ce47 ,,xx4 ,,logical ,,results #acd ,,index #adc ,,! ,,pro(s ,,( ,,*ri/',s ,,resurrection4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,s\rces ,,( ,,evid5ce4 ,x is a *>act]i/ic ( all :o d5y ?is & all o!r miracles1 t !y beg ! :ole "q to beg9 )4 ,!y assume z an axiom t a miracle is impossible1 or impossible to be prov$ by human te/imony4 ,or1 to put x m mildly1 9 ! language ( "o ( _! numb] 7,r5an#a71 8nei!r m5 ( ! p nor m5 ( ! _w are compet5t to prove x4 ,great precaution & a long habit ( sci5tific rese>* are requisite40 ,if ^! are s\nd axioms1 x %\ld be a matt] ( indiff]5ce :o 7 ! witnesses1 or :at _! cr$ibility or means ( k1 s9ce at ! be/ !y 7 b human1 & x is n claim$ t !y 7 exp]ts or savans aft] ! mod]n skeptical s*ool1 al?\gh !y might be expect$ to "k :e!r "o :o walk$ ) !m1 & to ^: in/ructions !y li/5$1 & f :om !y receiv$ _! commission1 7 dead or alive4 ,x is also a com=table assumption on _! "p t no "o is a s*ol> :o does n agree ) _! op9ion1 & _m "y m5 :o w\ld n be ?\ght to be beh9d ! times are misl$ by _! confid5t boa/+4 8,no mod]n !ologian10 says ,/rauss1#b 8:o is also a s*ol>1 n[ consid]s any ( ! f\r ,gospels to be ! "w ( its pret5d$ au?or1 or 9 fact to be by an ,apo/le or colleague ( an ,apo/le40 ,! logic ( ?is is1 t if any "o does s consid] !m1 he is n a s*ol>4 ,! same k9d ( s*ol>%ip & habit ( ?9k+ t induc$ ?is wise conclusion br\ght him at la/ to ! d5ial ( ! exi/5ce ( a p]sonal ,god or a future life4 ,8 exp]i5ce is in/ructive1 & %[s ! inevitable t5d5cy ( all reason+ t d5ies ! possibility ( a miracle or a div9e revelation4 ,mill's h>d logic _c well be resi/$4 8,once admit a ,god1 & ! production1 by 8 direct volition1 ( an effect :i* 9 any case ow$ its orig9 to 8 creative w1 is no m a purely arbitr>y hypo!sis to acc\nt = ! pa/1 b mu/ be reckon$ ) z a s]i\s possibility40 ,if1 !n1 a miracle may occur1 x may be prov$,a by human te/imony1 = ! v motive or reason = its occurr5ce1 or1 at lea/ ! pr9cipal reason1 mu/ be its value z an atte/ation4 ,& ! imm5se labor :i* ! ,tb+5 s*ool & e class ( skeptics h be/[$ 9 attempts to disprove ! au?or%ip ( ! ,f\r ,gospels1 %[s t !y h n mu* confid5ce 9 _! axioms aft] all4 ,:y s anxi\s z to ! witnesses1 if x is immat]ial :o !y are1 or :at !y te/ify to8 ,if a miracle _c be prov$ by any evid5ce1 :y h !y multipli$ books to prove or disprove ! au?or%ip ( ! gospels8 ,,! ,,be/ ,,evid5ce4 ,! be/ evid5ce ( :i* ! subject admits1 is all t is requir$ 9 c\rts2 & x is suffici5t 9 matt]s ( ! highe/ conc]n1 ev5 9 cases ( life & dea?1 t a fact be prov$ beyond a reasonable d\bt4 ,! be/ evid5ce to ,*ri/'s disciples ( 8 resurrection1 0 t ( _! own s5ses4 ,?is evid5ce we _c h4 ,we are 9 ! position1 9 "s respects1 ( jurors1 :o mu/ decide n f _! own k1 b ^u ! te/imony ( o!rs4 ,we h n1 h[ev]1 ! witnesses ^u ! /&1 b only :at may be reg>d$ z _! depositions1 & x is made a "q :e!r ! writ+s produc$ are _! depositions4 ,! "q1 !n1 9 ?is /age is1 :o 7 ! writ]s ( ! ,f\r ,gospels & ! book ( ,acts8 ,z to ! latt]1 ! writ] claims to h writt5 a =m] treatise1 & x seems to be tak5 by bo? p>ties to ! controv]sy1 t ! same p]son 7:oev] he 07 wrote bo? books1 s t any evid5ce ( ,luke's au?or%ip ( ! ?ird ,gospel1 is evid5ce ( 8 au?or%ip ( ,acts1 & vice v]sa4 ,& ! same is true 9 respect to ! ,f\r? ,gospel & ! ,fir/ ,epi/le ( ,john4 ,! be/ evid5ce z to ! au?or%ip ( any ( ^! books :i* ! nature ( ! subject admits (1 is f hi/ory & tradition1 includ+ 9 ^! t]ms quotations1 citations1 h>monies1 comm5t>ies1 translations1 & manuscripts4 ,!re are two modes ( pres5t+ ?is evid5ce4 ,"o is to beg9 ) _! pres5t ackn[l$g$ acceptance1 & asc5d ! /ream2 ! o!r is to /rike tribut>ies1 z ne> _! s\rce z we are able1 & desc5d to ! riv]4 ,! latt] w be adopt$ "h 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & ultimately bo? modes ( pro(4 ,,lo/ ,,tribut>ies4 ,"o hundr$ ye>s f ! crucifixion1 *ur*es _h be5 e/abli%$ 9 all ! cities & 9 _m ( ! villages ( ! ,roman ,empire1 f ,cappadocia & ,pontus on ! ea/1 to ,gaul on ! we/1 & ,*ri/ians 7 v num]\s4 ,tacitus describes ^? at ,rome at ! "t ( ,n]o's b>b>ity1 z 8a great multitude10 & ,pl9y1 9 8 lett] to ,trajan1 cir4 ,a4,d4 #aaj1 affirms t ! hea!n temples 7 almo/ des]t$1 s t ! sacr$ victims sc>cely f\nd any pur*as]s1 & t ! 8sup]/ition10 z he t]m$ x1 n only infect$ ! cities1 b _h ev5 spread into ! villages1 ( ,pontus & ,bi?ynia 7,gibbon1 p4 #egf74 ,h5ce p]sons unacqua9t$ ) ! subject might suppose t x w\ld be easy to adduce abundant pro( f writ]s ( ! fir/ c5tury1 z to :at memoirs ( our ,"l1 if any1 7 9 ! *ur*es at ! "t ,pl9y wrote 8 celebrat$ lett]4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 is n ! fact4 ,!re is no direct hi/orical te/imony kn[n to be e>li] ?an ! fir/ apology#c ( ,ju/9 ,m>tyr to ! ,roman ,emp]or1 cir4 ,a4,d4 #aci4 ,!re are c]ta9 fragm5ts writt5 by ,papias1 ,bi%op ( ,hi]apolis1 :i* may be ( an e>li] date1 b ?is is unc]ta94 ,!re are also quotations app>5tly f ! ?ird & f\r? ,gospels1 by ,basilides1#d ! ,gno/ic h]etic :o fl\ri%$ at ,alex&ria z e>ly z ,a4,d4 #abe4 ,!re is an epi/le to ! ,philippian *ur*1 attribut$ to ,polyc>p :i* ,dean ,/anley ?9ks dates ab\t ,a4,d4 #acj4 ,its g5u95ess is n univ]sally admitt$4 ,!re is an epi/le1 conc$$ to be g5u9e1 f ! *ur* at ,rome to ! *ur* at ,cor9?1 ( ! probable date ( ,a4,d4 #ie4 ,!re are epi/les attribut$ by "s to ,ignatius1 :o suff]$ m>tyrdom1 cir4 ,a4,d4 #ajg1 b _! g5u95ess is controv]t$4 ,!re are 9 addition ?ree o!r writ+s kn[n z ! ,epi/le ( ,b>nabas1 ! ,lett] to ,diognetus1 & ! ,pa/or ,h]mas4 ,!y are by unkn[n au?ors1 & ( unc]ta9 date1 b 7 probably writt5 9 ! latt] "p ( ! fir/ or ! fir/ "p ( ! second c5tury4 ,& ^! are all t h come d[n to u 9 any =m f ! fir/ "o hundr$ ye>s aft] ! crucifixion4 ,t we h no m is easily expla9$4 ,?is p]iod 0 "o ( int5se activity & viol5t p]secutions4 ,five 7z "s reckon !m7 ( ! t5 g5]al p]secutions 7 )9#e ?is p]iod4 ,! fir/ 0 "u ,n]o1 ,a4,d4 #fd1 ! second "u ,domitian1 ,a4,d4 #ie1 ! ?ird "u ,trajan1 ,a4,d4 #ajj1 ! f\r? "u ,anton9us ! ,philosoph]1 & ! fif? "u ,sev]us1 ,a4,d4 #abg2 &1 z "s ( ^! cont9u$ sev]al ye>s1 !re 0 sc>cely an int]mission = ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury4 ,! horrible tortures & cruel dea?s "u ,n]o are well-kn[n1 &1 "u ,domitian1 =ty ?\s& 7 suppos$ to h suff]$ m>tyrdom4 ,x is no matt] ( surprise1 !re=e1 t s little has rea*$ u f ?is e>ly p]iod4 ,*ri/ians 7 mak+ hi/ory1 n writ+ x1 & ( _! writ+s ! mo/ p]i%$4 ,!re 7 hundr$s & ?\s&s :o well knew :at memoirs ( our ,"l 7 accept$ by ! *ur*es 9 ?is p]iod1 f ^: lips no voice comes except 9 ! volume ( univ]sal tradition4 #a ,r5an's ,life ( ,jesus1 p4 #dc4 #b ,! ,old ,fai? & ! ,new 7#ahgd71 p4 #de4 ,a ,see also po/1 c4 #ah4 #c ,a4,d4 #ach or #aci is ! date mo/ usually assign$ to ?is mo/ important "w1 al?\gh "s place x z late z ,a4,d4 #aej4 ,if 8 /atem5t 9 x t 8,*ri/ 0 born #aej ye>s ago0 7 to be tak5 /rictly1 x w\ld make its date ,a4,d4 #adf or ,a4,d4 #add1 accord+ z we all[ f\r or six ye>s z ! error = ! beg9n+ ( ! true ,*ri/ian era2 b he may h us$ ! numb] 9 a g5]al way4 ,8 m>tyrdom is v>i\sly /at$ at ,a4,d4 #afe & ,a4,d4 #afg4 #d ,t ! quotations 7 by ,basilides himself ,mat!w ,arnold's reason+ seems entirely satisfactory1 & 8no "o0 he says1 8:o _h n a !ory to s]ve w\ld ev] dream ( d\bt+ x40 ,p]haps x may be p]mitt$ to reg>d ,mat!w ,arnold z a 8s*ol>20 & see ,abbot's 8,f\r? ,gospel10 ,bo/on 7#ahhj71 p4 #hf4 ,see also po/1 c4 #e4 #e ,buck's ,!ological ,diction>y1 & ,vol4 ,,vii ( ,m',cl9tock & ,/rong's ,cyclop$ia1 p4 #iff4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,admissions ,,& ,,presumptions4 ,) ! some:at scanty & inconclusive evid5ce f writ+s ( ! fir/ "o hundr$ ye>s f ! crucifixion1 are !re any facts t are conc$$1 & any presumptions f !m8 ,!re are concessions1 & f :at motives is immat]ial1 s9ce !re is no d\bt ( ! exi/5ce ( ! facts t are admitt$ ev5 by ^? :o d5y ! au!nticity ( ! ,gospels4 ,says ,r5an#a3 8,n ! slighte/ d\bt has be5 rais$ by s]i\s criticism aga9/ ! au!nticity ( ! ,epi/le to ! ,galatians1 ! two ,epi/les to ! ,cor9?ians1 or ! ,epi/le to ! ,romans2 :ile ! argum5ts on :i* are f\nd$ ! attacks on ! two ,epi/les to ! ,!ssalonians1 & t to ! ,philippians1 are )\t value40 ,& x may be add$ t ! g5u95ess ( ! ,book ( ,revelations is conc$$ & insi/$ ^u by mo/ ( 8 way ( ?9k+4 ,n[1 f ! f\r ,epi/les aga9/ ^: au!nticity 8n ! slighte/ d\bt has be5 rais$ by s]i\s criticism10 & ! writ+s ( ,josephus1 ,tacitus & ,pl9y1 ^! facts are z well e/abli%$ z any facts ( hi/ory c possibly be e/abli%$3--,jesus ,*ri/ 0 born 9 ,judea 9 ! days ( ,h]od1 & 0 crucifi$ "u ,pontius ,pilate4 ,he 0 a mo/ extraord9>y "*1 & a wond]ful tea*]4 ,he ga!r$ disciples1 ( :om twelve 7 call$ ,apo/les4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 8 foll[]s 7 =m$ into num]\s *ur*es1 :i*1 9 a few ye>s1 ext5d$ into all p>ts ( ! !n kn[n _w1 & ( :i* !re has be5 a cont9u\s succession till n[4 ,if1 f _! disciples1 we "k some?+ ( ! life & tea*+s ( ,confucius & ,socrates1 we %\ld expect z mu* conc]n+ him ^: adv5t revolutioniz$ ! _w1 )9 ?ree c5turies ov]turn$ ! old pagan sup]/itions ?r\gh\t ! ,roman ,empire1 & is /ill ! greate/ moral p[] ( ! mo/ enlight5$ nations ( ! e>?4 ,b1 if !re 7 any accept$ memoirs ( him 9 t fir/ hundr$ ye>s f 8 crucifixion1 :at has become ( !m8 ,x is incr$ible t !y %\ld h dropp$ out ( exi/5ce & !re be no hi/ory or tradition ( x4 ,x is incr$ible t !y %\ld h be5 lo/ to *ur*es hav+ a cont9u\s life1 or t o!rs %\ld h be5 sub/itut$ = !m1 & !re be no trace ( _! disappe>ance or ( a sub/itution4 ,9 ! *ur*es 9 e p]iod1 ! old & ! "y 7 toge!r4 ,h[1 !n1 0 displacem5t & sub/itution possible )\t prote/8 ,h[ 0 ! loss ( accept$ memoirs possible1 s long z !re 0 a cont9u$ succession ( tea*]s8 ,yet none h rea*$ our "t o!r ?an ^? :i* h come to u ?r\gh all ! c5turies z au!ntic writ+s ( ^? ^: names !y be>4 ,by ! law ( ! 8survival ( ! fitte/10 all o!r productions mak+ any pret5sions to su* a "* p]i%$ long ago1 only fragm5ts ( !m rema91 & our f\r ,gospels are 9 ! *ur*es4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 to beg9 )1 ! /ronge/ presumption 9 _! favor4 8,x is10 says ,pr(essor ,gre5leaf1#b 8= ! objector to %[ !m spuri\s2 = on him1 by ! pla9e/ rules ( law1 lies ! burd5 ( pro(40 ,& f :at has appe>$ x is pla9 t ?is 8burd50 is a v heavy "o4#c #a ,r5an's ,life ( ,jesus1 p4 #ce4 #b ,! ,te/imony ( ! ,f\r ,evangeli/s 7p4 #bh1 section #aj71 by ,simon ,gre5leaf1 ,,ll4,d41 #ahdf4 ,8 /&>d "w on evid5ce is 9 e lawy]'s libr>y4 #c ,see also po/1 c4 #h4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,papias ,,& ,,ju/9 ,,m>tyr4 ,! fact ( ! e>ly reception1 by ! *ur*es1 ( ,memoirs ( ,*ri/ deem$ au!ntic1 probable 9 itself )\t any pro(1 is conclusively prov$ by writ+s & to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ,papias & ,ju/9 ,m>tyr4 ,papias 0 bi%op ( ,hi]apolis1 9 ,phrygia1 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! second c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,?\gh ( mod]ate capacity1 & ent]ta9+ extravagant ideas ( ! mill5nium1 he 0 entirely hone/1 & !re is no reason to "q 8 te/imony z to :at he 0 told 9 respect to ,mat!w & ,m>k4 ,he suff]$ m>tyrdom ab\t ,a4,d4 #afc4 ,f fragm5ts ( 8 writ+s f\nd 9 ,eusebius & 9 ! works ( ,ir5u1 x appe>s t 8,john ! ,presbyt]0 gave him in=mation 9 respect to ! ,fir/ & ,second ,gospels4 ,!re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion z to :e!r ?is ,john 0 ,john ! ,apo/le4 ,eusebius held t he 0 n1 & says t 9 8 day 7#bfd-cdj7 !re 7 two tombs at ,ephesus1 bo? ( :i* 7 call$ ,john's4 ,! "q ( id5tity is n v mat]ial4 ,papias gives1 9 explanation1 t he imag9$ t 8:at 0 to be got f books0 conc]n+ ! ,"l1 0 n z pr(itable to him 8z :at came f ! liv+ & abid+ voice40 ,= ?is reason1 he says1 8,if1 !n1 any "o :o _h att5d$ on ! eld]s came1 ,i ask$ m9utely aft] _! say+s1 :at ,&rew or ,pet] said1 or :at 0 said by ,philip1 or by ,?omas1 or by ,james1 or by ,john1 or by ,mat!w1 or by any o!r ( ! ,"l's disciples1#a :i* ?+s ,ari/ion & ! ,presbyt] ,john1 ! disciples ( ! ,"l1 say40 ,f ?is1 x is pla9 !re 7 !n accr$it$ 8books0 conc]n+ our ,"l4 ,& two ( ^! books are id5tifi$ by 8 /atem5t ( :at he 0 told by ,john ! ,presbyt]1 t 8,m>k1 hav+ become ! int]pret] ( ,pet]1 wrote d[n accurately :atev] he rememb]$ ( ,pet]'s in/ructions10 :om he accompani$ 7x 0 n1 h[ev]1 9 exact ord] t he relat$ ! say+s or de$s ( ,*ri/71 8& ,mat!w put toge!r ! oracles 9 ! ,hebrew language1 & ea* "o int]pret$ !m z be/ he c\ld40 ,^! extracts prove t ! ,fir/ & ,second ,gospels 7 extant1 n only :5 ,papias wrote1 & :5 ! ,presbyt] gave him ! in=mation1 b also "s "t be=e4 ,8 in=mant1 if n ,john ! ,apo/le1 mu/ h be5 "o :o _h se5 ! ,apo/les or "s ( !m1 s t ! te/imony is v direct4 ,t ,papias does n m5tion ,luke's ,gospel1 or ,john's ,gospel1 proves no?+ except t he _h no occasion to say any?+ ab\t !m1 9 t connection4 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel may n h be5 writt5 at ! "t ( ! int]view ) ! ,presbyt]1 = ! ,apo/le ,john liv$ until ab\t ! ye> #ajj1 & he wrote 8 ,gospel v late 9 life4 ,x is n quot$ by ,clem5t4 ,& z to ! ,?ird ,gospel1 ! occasion = ! writ+ ( x is di/9ctly /at$ by ! au?or himself1 :o 0 well kn[n4 ,& s ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel2 its au?or%ip mode/ly b cle>ly appe>s ^u its face4 ,we h m]e fragm5ts f ,papias n exce$+ two or ?ree hundr$ l9es all told4 ,9 "s ( 8 five books 7almo/ ! :ole ( :i* h be5 lo/7 !re may h be5 ref]5ces to bo? ,luke & ,john4 ,eusebius#b /ates t ,papias made use ( te/imonials f ! ,fir/ ,epi/le ( ,john2 b z he does n say t ,papias ascrib$ t ,epi/le to ,john1 8 use ( x only proves t x 0 extant :5 he wrote4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a quotation 9 "o ( ^! fragm5ts 7v71 8,9 my ,fa!r's h\se are _m mansions10 :i* is lit]ally z 9 ,john xiv4 #b1 & s1 presumptively1 0 tak5 f x4 ,x is an int]e/+ fact t ! only quotations o!r ?an ?is1 by ,papias 7if ^? 9 ?is fragm5t are inde$ by him71 are z 9 v]ses #be to #bh ( ! #ae? ( ,fir/ ,cor9?ians1 a *apt] :i* w be f\nd to h great weight 9 ano!r "p ( ?is discussion4 ,papias1 !re=e1 probably#c quotes ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,b1 )\t su* quotation1 no inf]5ce c\ld be drawn aga9/ ,luke or ,john f m]e sil5ce4 ,papias w\ld /ill prove ! ,fir/ & ,second ,gospels1 leav+ ! ,?ird & ,f\r? to /& ^u ! presumption 9 _! favor /at$ 9 our la/ *apt]1 & ^u positive evid5ce f o!r s\rces4 #a ,! quotations f ,papias are f ,vol4 ,i1 ( ! ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y1 translat$ by ,rev4 ,alex&] ,rob]ts1 ,d4,d41 & ,james ,donaldson1 ,,ll4,d42 & s 9 respect to any ( ! ,apo/olic ,fa!rs4 ,! editors say ! words1 8,:i* ?+s1 etc410 are usually translat$1 8,:at ,ari/ion & ,john say10 & t su* translation is admissible1 b t !y m naturally mean t ,john & ,ari/ion1 ev5 at ! "t ( ,ju/9's writ+1 7 tell+ him ( ! say+s ( ! ,"l4 #b ,eusebius ,b4 ,,iii41 c4 #ci4 #c ,! editors call x 8m]e guess-"w0 7,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y1 ,vol4 ,i41 p4 #ddd1 note74 ,eusebius makes no m5tion ( x1 ?\gh 8 sil5ce is n conclusive aga9/ x4 ,! "q is ( suffici5t importance to w>rant ! giv+ ( ! entire passage f ,ir5u 9 :i* ! quotations appe>4 ,x is ! la/ ( five %ort *apt]s ( 8 "w on ,h]esies4 ,c]ta9 passages are pr9t$ 9 italics1 :i* ! read] is specially ask$ to consid]3 8,z ! presbyt]s say1 !n ^? :o 7 deem$ wor?y ( an abode 9 heav5 %all g !re1 o!rs %all enjoy ! delights ( ,p>adise1 & o!rs %all possess ! spl5dor ( ! city1 = ev]y:]e ! ,savi\r w be se51 accord+ z !y %all be wor?y :o see ,him4 ,b !re is ?is di/9ction betwe5 ! habitation ( ^? :o produce an hundr$-fold1 & ^? :o produce sixty-fold1 & :o produce ?irty-fold2 = ! fir/ w be tak5 up into ! heav5s1 ! second class w dwell 9 ,p>adise1 & ! la/ w inhabit ! city2 & t on ?is acc\nt ! ,"l said1 #8,9 my ,fa!r's h\se are _m mansions2' = all ?+s belong to ,god1 :o supplies all ) a suitable dwell+-place1 ev5 z ,8 ^w says1 t a %>e is giv5 to all by ! ,fa!r1 accord+ z ea* "o is or %all be wor?y4 ,& ?is is ! c\* 9 :i* !y %all recl9e :o fea/1 be+ invit$ to ! w$d+4 ,! ,presbyt]s1 ! disciples ( ! ,apo/les1 say t ?is is ! gradation & arrangem5t ( ^? :o are sav$1 & t !y advance ?r\gh /eps ( ?is nature2 & t1 moreov]1 !y asc5d ?r\gh ! ,_s to ! ,son1 & ?r\gh ! ,son to ! ,fa!r2 & t 9 due "t ! ,son w yield up ,8 "w to ! ,fa!r1 ev5 z x is said by ! apo/le1 #8,= ,he mu/ reign till ,he ha? put all enemies "u ,8 feet4 ,! la/ enemy t %all be de/roy$ is dea?4' ,= 9 ! times ( ! k+dom ! j man :o is on ! e>? %all =get to die4 ,b :5 ,he sai? all ?+s are put "u ,him1 x is manife/ t ,he is except$ :i* did put all ?+s "u ,him4 ,& :5 all ?+s %all be subdu$ unto ,him1 !n %all ! ,son also ,himself be subject unto ,him t put all ?+s "u ,him1 t ! ,son may be all 9 all40 ,!re be+ no "q ( ! g5u95ess ( ?is passage f ,ir5u1 by :om 7 ! quotations1 f\nd 9 x8 ,n[ :ile x is possible !y 7 by ,ir5u1 to illu/rate :at #8! ,presbyt]s1 ! disciples ( ! ,apo/les1' ma9ta9$1 ! m obvi\s & natural int]pretation is1 t !y 7 cit$ by ^? ,presbyt]s !mselves4 ,?is be+ s1 x is n ( mu* consequ5ce :e!r ,ir5u _h ?is in=mation ( ^! views & citations1 f ,papias 7f :om he _h obta9$ l in=mation ^u o!r subjects z to ! say+s ( ! ,presbyt]s71 or :e!r ,ir5u _h ?is in=mation ( _! say+s f o!r s\rces4 ,9 ei!r ev5t ! quotations 7 made ei!r by ,papias1 8 contempor>ies1 or pr$ecessors1 8disciples ( ! ,apo/les40 ,& ( ?is op9ion are ,*>t]is 7,canonicity1 c4 #ag1 ( ! ,introduction71 & ,r\?1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,wescott1 ,dorn] & ,rigg5back1 z cit$ 9 8,sup]natural ,religion0 p4 #fjd4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,memoirs ,,int5d$ ,,by ,,ju/9 ,,m>tyr4#a ,great importance atta*es to !m 9 connection ) o!r facts4 ,! date ( ,ju/9's bir? is unc]ta91 be+ plac$ z e>ly z ,a4,d4 #he1 & z late z ,a4,d4 #aad2 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wright says ab\t ,a4,d4 #ajj4 ,8 m>tyrdom 0 ab\t ,a4,d4 #afe4 ,8 fa!r & gr&fa!r 7 probably ( ,roman orig94 ,be=e 8 conv]sion to ,*ri/ianity1 he /udi$ 9 ! s*ools ( ! philosoph]s1 b aft] t he became an ,evangeli/1 & a vigor\s writ] 9 def5ce ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,x is probable t he travell$ mu*4 ,he 0 n ! fir/ t wrote an ,apology = ,*ri/ians1 b 8 are ! e>lie/ extant4 ,besides ^!1 he wrote a mu* l>g] "w 7! ,dialogue ) ,trypho1 a ,jew71 a "w on ! resurrection1 & "s o!rs2 & by "s1 he has be5 reg>d$ z ! au?or ( ! ,pa/or ,h]mas4 ,8 fir/ & pr9cipal ,apology1 ( ! probable date ( ,a4,d4 #ach-i1 0 address$ z foll[s3 8,to ! ,emp]or ,titus lius ,adrianus ,anton9us ,pius ,augu/us ,cs>1 & to 8 son ,v]issimus1 ! philosoph]1 & to ,lucius1 ! philosoph]1 ! natural son ( ,cs>1 & ! adopt$ son ( ,pius1 a lov] ( le>n+1 & to ! ,sacr$ ,s5ate1 ) ! :ole p ( ! ,romans1 ,i1 ,ju/91 ! son ( ,priscus & gr&son ( ,bac*ius1 native ( ,flavia ,neapolis 9 ,pale/9e1 pres5t ?is address & petition 9 behalf ( ^? ( all nations :o are unju/ly hat$ & wantonly abus$1 myself be+ "o ( !m40 ,^? to :om ?is =mal address 0 made1 w\ld n be expect$ to "k any?+ ab\t ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 or ,john2 b x 0 o!rwise1 9 respect to ! ,old ,te/am5t1 = ,jewi% synagogues 7 9 e city1 & ! ,septuag9t _h be5 kn[n = ?ree hundr$ ye>s4 ,9 ?is ,apology he expla9s "s ( ! tea*+s ( our ,"l1 & ! usages ( 8 disciples2 & 9 respect to ! la/1 are ^! passages3 8,= ! ,apo/les1 9 ! memoirs compos$ by !m1 :i* are call$ ,gospels1 h ?us deliv]$ unto u :at 0 enjo9$ ^u !m2 t ,jesus took bread & :5 he _h giv5 ?anks said1 #8,?is d ye 9 remembrance ( me1 ?is is my body2' & t1 aft] ! same mann] hav+ tak5 ! cup & giv5 ?anks1 he said1 #8,?is is my blood2' & he gave x to !m alone40444 8,& we aft]w>ds cont9ually rem9d ea* o!r ( ^! ?+s4 ,& ! weal?y among u help ! ne$y2 & we always keep toge!r2 & = all ?+s :]e) we are suppli$1 we bless ! ,mak] ( all1 ?r\gh 8 ,son ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ?r\gh ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,& on ! day call$ ,sunday1 all :o live 9 cities or 9 ! c\ntry ga!r toge!r to "o place1 & ! ,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les or ! writ+s ( ! ,prophets are read1 z long z "t p]mits2 !n :5 ! read] has ceas$1 ! presid5t v]bally in/ructs1 & exhorts to ! imitation ( ^! good ?+s4 ,!n we all rise toge!r & pray1 & z we be=e said1 :5 our pray] is end$1 bread & w9e & wat] are br\ght1 & ! presid5t 9 l mann] (f]s pray]s & ?anksgiv+s accord+ to 8 ability1 & ! p ass5t1 say+ ,am52 & !re is a di/ribution to ea*1 & a p>ticipation ( t ov] :i* ?anks h be5 giv51 & to ^? :o are abs5t a portion is s5t by ! deacons4 ,& !y :o are well-to-d1 & will+1 give :at ea* ?9ks fit2 & :at is collect$ is deposit$ ) ! presid5t1 :o succors ! orphans & wid[s1 & ^? :o1 ?r\gh sickness or any o!r cause1 are 9 want1 & ^? :o are 9 bonds1 & ! /rang]s soj\rn+ among u1 & 9 a ^w1 takes c>e ( all :o are 9 ne$4 ,b ,sunday is ! day on :i* we all hold our common assembly1 because x is ! fir/ day on :i* ,god1 hav+ wr\ght a *ange 9 ! d>kness & matt]1 made ! _w2 & ,jesus ,*ri/1 our ,savi\r1 on ! same day rose f ! dead4 ,= he 0 crucifi$ on ! day be=e t ( ,saturn 7,saturday73 & on ! day aft] t ( ,saturn1 :i* is ! day ( ! ,sun1 hav+ appe>$ to 8 apo/les & disciples1 he taught !m ^! ?+s1 :i* we h submitt$ to y also = y\r consid]ation40 ,?is passage is a "p ( *apt] sixty-six1 & ! :ole ( *apt] sixty-sev54 ,! great "q is1 ,:at 7 ^! 8,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les10 :i* 7 ?us read ) ! writ+s ( ! ,prophets8 ,x is a "q ( int]pretation4 ,by ! rule adopt$ 9 c\rts1 ^! words are to be con/ru$ ) ! context1 & 9 connection ) o!r writ+s ( ,ju/9 9 relation to ! same subject1 & also 9 ! light ( all ! surr\nd+ circum/ances4 ,^! precise t]ms are fir/ us$ 9 *apt] sixty-sev54 ,! same ,memoirs1 evid5tly1 9 *apt] sixty-six1 are describ$ z ,memoirs 8compos$0 by ! ,apo/les4 ,!y are n aga9 ref]r$ to 9 ?is ,apology4 ,!y are ref]r$ to sev]al times 9 ! ,dialogue1 *apt]s "o hundr$ to "o hundr$ & eight1 by ! foll[+ t]ms3 ,! ,memoirs ( ,8 ,apo/les2 ,! ,memoirs ( ,8 ,apo/les2 ,! ,memoirs ( ,8 ,apo/les2 ,! ,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les2 ,= 9 ! ,memoirs :i* ,i say 7 drawn up by 8 ,apo/les & ^? :o foll[$ !m2 ,! ,memoirs ( ,8 ,apo/les2 ,! ,memoirs2 ,! ,memoirs2 ,! ,memoirs2 ,! ,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les2 ,! ,memoirs ( ,him2 ,! ,memoirs ( ,8 ,apo/les2 ,! ,memoirs4 ,f\r times he calls !m ,! ,memoirs2 ?ree times ,! ,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les2 five times ,! ,memoirs ( ,8 ,apo/les2 & once1 ,! ,memoirs ( ,him1 i4 e41 ,*ri/1 z ,rob]ts & ,donaldson int]pret x1#b & z ! context & ! :ole scope indicate4 ,x is pla9 t ! same 8,memoirs0 are int5d$ ?r\gh\t1 "u ^! v>i\s t]ms4 ,9 *apt] eighty-eight ( ! ,dialogue1 9 m5tion+ ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/ ^u ,jesus at 8 baptism1 ,ju/9 says t :5 he came out ( ! wat]1 ! ,holy ,gho/ light$ on him l a dove1 z 8! ,apo/le ( ?is v ,*ri/ ( ours wrote40 ,! incid5t is m5tion$ 9 all f\r ( ! ,gospels4 ,b = 8 explanation else:]e1 x w\ld be inf]r$ t all ! 8,memoirs0 7 8compos$0 by ! ,apo/les4 ,b he c>efully expla9s 8 mean+1 s t ! 8,memoirs10 or "s ( !m1 may h be5 8drawn up0 ei!r by ! ,apo/les1 or by ^? :o foll[$ !m4 ,x is obvi\s t ^! ,memoirs 7 n biographies or sket*es by unkn[n or irresponsible p]sons1 b writ+s well und]/ood by ! ,*ur*es to h be5 8compos$0 or 8drawn up0 by ! ,apo/les1 or ) _! approval4 ,z ,m>k 0 und]/ood to be ,pet]'s int]pret]1 s ,luke 0 und]/ood to h be5 ,paul's companion1 & to h writt5 "u 8 sanction4 ,& ,paul 0 an ,apo/le1 al?\gh n "o ( ! twelve4 ,ju/9 _h in=m$ ! ,roman ,emp]or#c ( ! ,apo/les1 & he gave l in=mation to ,trypho4#c ,he meant t all :o %\ld read %\ld "k t :at he gave ( ! life & tea*+s ( ,*ri/ 0 n f irresponsible s\rces1 b f writ+s expressly sanction$1 if n actually writt51 by ^? :om ,*ri/ _h select$ z witnesses4 ,^! ,memoirs1 !re=e1 7 d\btless und]/ood by ,ju/91 & by ! *ur* 9 g5]al1 9 city & c\ntry1 to h be5 ! productions ( ,apo/les or _! companions4 ,!y 7 read ! same z ! ,prophets1 & plac$ ^u ! same foot+4 ,ju/91 9 writ+ to ,trypho1 speaks ( hav+ believ$ ,,god',s ,,voice ,,spok5 ,,by ,,! ,,apo/les ,,( ,,*ri/4 ,& s9ce1 9 speak+ ( _! actual composition1 he uses ! plural1 8,apo/les10 we %\ld look = two or m ,memoirs1 8drawn up10 by ,apo/les4 ,n[ :at 7 ^! ,memoirs8 ,:at writ+s w answ] ! description8 ,mat!w#d & ,m>k w1 accord+ to :at ! ,presbyt] said ( !m4 ,7 !re any o!rs8 ,!re %\ld be "o m at lea/1 t 0 writt5 by an ,apo/le1 else :]e=e1 ! plural8 ,! f\r ,gospels t h come d[n to u1 answ] ! description 9 e p>ticul>4 ,to use a legal phrase1--8,f ! "t :]e( ! memory ( man runne? n to ! contr>y10 two ( !m h be5 accept$ 9 ! ,*ur* z hav+ be5 compos$ by ,apo/les1 & two1 by companions ( ,apo/les4 ,unless x c be %[n t :5 ,ju/9 wrote1 !re 7 o!r ,memoirs ( ,*ri/ t w answ] to 8 description1 our f\r ,gospels & no o!rs 7 int5d$4 ,7 !re any besides ^!8 #a ,! quotations f ,ju/9 ,m>tyr are f ,vol4 ,,ii4 ( ! ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y1 edit$ by ,rob]ts & ,donaldson4 #b ,see po/1 c4 #g1 note #ad4 #c 8,= f ,j]usalem !re w5t out into ! _w m51 twelve 9 numb]1 444 :o proclaim$ to e race ( m5 t !y 7 s5t by ,*ri/ to tea* all ! ^w ( ,god0 7,ap4 c4 #ci74 8,& by ^? ?+s :i* 7 publi%$ 9 8 "n among all nations by ! ,apo/les0 7ibid4 c4 #db74 8,8 ,apo/les go+ =? f ,j]usalem prea*$ ev]y:]e0 7ibid4 c4 #de47 8,& fur!r !re 0 a c]ta9 man ) u ^: "n 0 ,john1 "o ( ! ,apo/les ( ,*ri/0 7,dia4 c4 #ha74 8,= z he 7,abraham7 believ$ ! voice ( ,god1 & x 0 imput$ to him = righte\sness1 9 l mann] we1 hav+ believ$ ,god's voice spok5 by ! ,apo/les ( ,*ri/1 & promulgat$ to u by ! prophets1 h r5\nc$ ev5 to dea? all ! ?+s ( ! _w0 7ibid4 c4 #aai74 #d ,! writ] ( ,b>nabas1 9 quot+ z 9 ,mat!w xx4 #af1 _h us$ ! au?oritative ,lat9 =mula 7x is writt57 = quotations f ,scripture1 z foll[s3 8,let u bew>e le/ we be f\nd1 z x is writt51 #8,_m are call$ b few are *os5'0 7,ep4 ( ,b>4 c4 #d74 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,quotations ,,& ,,citations4 ,! app>5t or seem+ use ( our ,gospels by ,ju/9 & 8 contempor>ies is a fact ( great weight 9 det]m9+ :e!r !y are ! 8,memoirs0 ref]r$ to by him4 ,accord+ to ! ,indexes ( ,texts by ! le>n$ editors ( ! ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y1 ,john's ,gospel is quot$ or cit$1 twice 9 ,b>nabas1 once 9 ,diognetus1 twice 9 ,h]mas1 once by ,ju/91 & once by ,papias4 ,m>k is quot$ or cit$1 once 9 ,b>nabas1 twice by ,clem5t1 ?ree times by ,ju/91 & once by ,polyc>p3 ,acts is quot$ or cit$ once 9 ,b>nabas1 once by ,clem5t1 once by ,ju/91 & f\r times by ,polyc>p3 ,luke is quot$ or cit$ ?ree times 9 ,b>nabas1 ?ree times by ,clem5t1 once 9 ,h]mas1 f\rte5 times by ,ju/91 & twice by ,polyc>p3 & ,mat!w is quot$ or cit$ six times 9 ,b>nabas1 five times by ,clem5t1 twice 9 ,diognetus1 n9e times 9 ,h]mas1 =ty-sev5 times by ,ju/91 & sev5 times by ,polyc>p4 ,z to citations1 passages deem$ su* by "o1 may h be5 ov]look$ or reg>d$ diff]5tly by ano!r1 s t !re is n an entire agreem5t z to ! numb] ( citations1 i4 e4 ( allusions or ref]5ces t are n quotations4 ,& x %\ld be und]/ood t 9 ! quotations1 ! books f :i* !y are tak5 are n /at$1 except t ,ju/9 indicates t 81 9 g5]al1 are f ! 8,memoirs40 ,_! agreem5t ) our ,gospels is sometimes lit]ally exact1 q (t5 x is o!rwise2 & n unfrequ5tly two or ?ree passages are seem+ly bl5d$1 z if ! au?or 7 quot+ f memory & giv+ ! s5se1 m]ely4 ,x w be suffici5t = ! purposes ( ! argum5t to give examples 7except z to ! ,f\r? ,gospel7 only f ,ju/91 & to omit 8 quotations f ,mat!w & ,m>k1 s9ce !y are s num]\s & n a few ( !m ( consid]able l5g?4 ,( 8 ref]5ces1 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,wright says#a3 8,^u exam9ation x is f\nd t ( ! "o hundr$ & tw5ty or m allusions :i* ,ju/9 makes to ! ,gospel hi/ory1 ne>ly all co9cide z to sub/ance ) ! /atem5ts ( ei!r ,mat!w or ,luke4 ,( ! sixty or sev5ty app>5tly direct quotations1 t5 are exact1 tw5ty-five are only slightly v>iant1 :ile !re are ?irty-two 9 :i* ! v>iation is consid]able4 ,b 9 respect to v>iations f ! orig9al 9 quotation1 x %\ld be rememb]$ t famili>ity (t5 leads to c>elessness ) reg>d to m9ute po9ts4 ,ju/91 himself1 out ( "o hundr$ & sixty-two quotations f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 has only sixty-f\r exact1 :ile =ty-f\r are slightly v>iant1 & fifty-f\r decid$ly s40 ,if ! read]1 ) ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 h&1 w make a comp>ison 9 ! examples :i* w be giv51 he c =m 8 own judgm5t1 :i* x is conceiv$1 w be no d\btful "o4 ,! sub/antial agreem5t is v /rik+ ev5 :5 ! language is n id5tical4 ,,ju/9 ,,f ,,acts4 8,he 0 tak5 up into heav5 :ile !y beheld40 7,res41 c4 #i47 ,acts i4 #i4 ,,f ,,m>k4 8,b is x n absurd to say t ^! memb]s w exi/ aft] ! resurrection f ! dead1 s9ce ! ,savi\r said1 #8,!y nei!r m>ry nor are giv5 9 m>riage1 b %all be z ! angels 9 heav54'0 7,res41 c4 #b47 ,m>k xi4 #be4 8,& t we ought to wor%ip ,god alone1 he ?us p]suade? u3 #8,! greate/ comm&m5t is1 8,?\ %alt wor%ip ! ,"l ?y ,god1 & him only %alt ?\ s]ve ) all ?y he>t1 & ) all ?y /r5g? ! ,"l ,god t made !e40'0 7,ap4 c4 #af47 ,m>k xii4 #cj4 8,he says1 #8,i am n come to call ! righte\s1 b s9n]s to rep5tance4'0 7,res41 c4 #h47 ,m>k ii4 #ag4 ,,f ,,luke4 ,! fir/ ?ree are p>ts ( long quotations f ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 pr9cipally z 9 ,mat!w 7,ap4 cc4 #ae1 #af7 ,luke vi43 #bh1 #bi1 & ,mat!w vi43 #g1 #h1 #ac4 #d4 8,we are p]suad$ t e man 444 w r5d] acc\nt accord+ to ! p[] he has receiv$ f ,god1 z ,*ri/ intimat$ :5 he said1 #8,to :om ,god has giv5 m1 ( him %all m be requir$4'0 7,ap4 c4 #ag47 ,luke xv4 #dh4 #e4 8,& ! angel ( ,god :o 0 s5t to ! same virg9 at t "t br\ght h] good news1 say+1 #8,behold1 ?\ %alt conceive ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & %all be> a son1 & he %all be call$ ! ,son ( ! ,highe/4 ,& ?\ %alt call 8 "n ,jesus1 = he %all save 8 p f _! s9s1' z !y :o h record$#b all t conc]ns our ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/ h taught1 :om we believe s9ce by ,isaiah also1 :om we h n[ adduc$1 ! ,_s ( prophecy decl>$ t he %\ld be born z we intimat$ be=e40 7,ap4 c4 #cc47 ,luke i4 #cb1 & ,mat!w i4 #ba4 #f4 8,z our ,"l himself says1 #8,he t he>e? me1 he>e? him t s5t me4'0 7,ap4 c4 #fc47 ,luke x4 #af4 #g4 8,& aga9 9 o!r words he said1 #8,i give unto y p[] to tread on s]p5ts1 & on scorpions & on scolop5dras1 & on all ! might ( ! enemy4'0 7,dial4 c4 #gf47 ,luke x4 #ai4 #h4 8,= he exclaim$ be=e 8 crucifixion3 #8,! ,son ( ,man mu/ suff] _m ?+s1 & be reject$ by ! scribes & ph>isees & be crucifi$1 & on ! ?ird day rise aga94'0 7,dial4 c4 #gf47 ,luke ix4 #bb4 #i4 8,j z our ,"l also said3 #8,!y %all nei!r m>ry nor be giv5 9 m>riage1 b %all be equal to ! angels1 ! *ildr5 ( ! ,god ( ! resurrection4'0 7,dial4 c4 #ha47 ,luke xx4 #ce1 #cf4 #aj4 8,= he taught u to pray = our enemies also1 say+1 #8,love y\r enemies2 be k9d & m]ciful z y\r heav5ly ,fa!r' is1 = we see t ! ,almighty ,god is k9d & m]ciful1 caus+ 8 sun to rise on ! un?ankful & on ! righte\s1 & s5d+ ra9 on ! holy & on ! wick$40 7,dial4 c4 #if47 ,luke vi4 #ce1 & ,mat!w v4 #de4 #aa4 8,b ! ,virg9 ,m>y receiv$ fai? & joy1 :5 ! angel ,gabriel ann\nc$ ! good tid+s to h] t ! ,_s ( ! ,"l w\ld come ^u h] & ! p[] ( ! ,highe/ w\ld ov]%ad[ h]2 :]e=e also ! ,holy ,?+ begott5 ( h] is ! ,son ( ,god2 & %e repli$1 #8,be x unto me accord+ to ?y ^w4'0 7,dial4 c4 #ajj47 ,luke i4 #ce1 #ch4 #ab4 8,= :5 ,*ri/ 0 giv+ up 8 _s on ! cross he said3 #8,fa!r1 unto ?y h&s ,i comm5d my _s1' z ,i h le>n$ also f ! ,memoirs40 7,dial4 c4 #aje47 ,luke xxiii4 #df4 #ac4 8,he says1 #8,! *ildr5 ( ?is _w m>ry & are giv5 9 m>riage2 b ! *ildr5 ( ! _w to come nei!r m>ry nor are giv5 9 m>riage1 b %all be l ! angels 9 heav54'0 7,res41 c4 #c47 ,luke xx4 #cd1 #ce4 #ad4 8,& wi%+ to confirm ?is1 :5 8 disciples did n "k :e!r to believe he _h truly ris5 9 ! body1 & 7 look+ ^u him & d\bt+1 he said to !m1 #8,ye h n yet fai?1 see t x is ,i1' & he let !m h&le him1 & %[$ !m ! pr9ts ( ! nails 9 8 h&s4 ,& :5 !y 7 by e k9d ( pro( p]suad$ t x 0 himself & 9 ! body1 !y ask$ him to eat ) !m1 t !y might ?us /ill m accurately asc]ta9 t he _h 9 v]ity ris5 bodily2 & he did eat honeycomb & fi%4 ,& :5 he _h ?us %[n !m t !re is truly a resurrection ( ! fle%1 & wi%+ to %[ !m ?is also1 t x is n impossible = fle% to asc5d into heav5 7z he _h said t our dwell+ place is 9 heav574 #8,he 0 tak5 up into heav5 :ile !y beheld1' z he 0 9 ! fle%40 7,res41 c4 #i47 ,luke xxiv4 #ch1 #ci1 #dj1 #da1 #db1 #dc1 & ,acts i4 #i4 ,be=e pres5t+ ,ju/91 f ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 ! use ( ?is ,gospel by 8 contempor>ies w be consid]$4 ,9 ,b>nabas 7c4 #f7 x is said t 8,he 0 to be manife/$ 9 fle% & to soj\rn among u40 7,com4 ,john i4 #ad47 ,x is also said 9 c4 #ab1 9 effect1 t ! braz5 s]p5t 0 a type ( ,jesus4 7,com4 ,john iii4 #ad-ah47 ,ano!r passage 9 c4 #g1 al?\gh n cit$ by ! editors1 is1 8,because !y %all see him !n 9 t day hav+ a sc>let robe ab\t 8 body d[n to 8 feet2 & !y %all say1 #8is n ?is he :om we once despis$ & pi]c$ & mock$ & crucifi$8'0 ,?is may h _h ref]5ce to :at is record$ only 9 ,john1 z ,apoll9>is1#c bi%op ( ,hi]apolis 7cir4 ,a4,d4 #agj71 aft]w>d wrote3 8,! ,son ( ,god1 pi]c$ 9 ! sacr$ side1 :o %$ =? f 8 side ! two ?+s aga9 cleans+1 wat] & blood1 ^w & _s40 ,9 ,diognetus1 c4 #f1 x is said t 8,*ri/ians dwell 9 ! _w yet are n ( ! _w40 7,com4 ,john xvii4 #aa1 #ad1 #af47 ,9 c4 #aa x is said1 8,?is is he :o 0 f ! beg9n+0 7,com4 ,john i4 #a72 & 9 ! same *apt]1 8,= :o t is rightly taught & begott5 by ! lov+ ,^w1 w\ld n seek to "k accurately ! ?+s :i* h be5 cle>ly %[n by ! ,^w to 8 disciples1 to :om ! ,^w be+ manife/$ has reveal$ !m40 7,com4 ,john i4 #ad1 #ah47 ,!re is b a s+le quotation 9 ?is eloqu5t ,lett]1 :i* is z 9 ,fir/ ,cor9?ians viii4 #a1 8,k puffe? up1 b love edifie?40 ,john alone speaks ( ,*ri/ z ! door1 b ! figure is (t5 us$ 9 ,h]mas1 z1 8,y saw1 he add$1 ! multitude :o 7 build+ ! t[]8 ,i saw !m1 sir1 ,i said4 ,^?1 he said1 are all glori\s angels1 & by !m accord+ly is ! ,"l surr\nd$4 ,& ! gate is ! ,son ( ,god4 ,?is is ! "o entrance to ! ,"l4 ,9 no o!r way1 !n1 %all any "o ent] into him except ?r\gh 8 ,son40 7,simil4 ix4 #ab47 ,john x4 ,?is book ( ,h]mas is an allegory 9 :i* an angel1 9 ! guise ( a %eph]d1 gives in/ruction 9 ! doctr9es & duties t 7 held & requir$ by ! ,*ur*4 ,x has n a s+le quotation f ei!r ! ,old or ,new ,te/am5t4 ,b z ,dr4 ,*>tris 9 8,canonicity0 7p4 #acg7 well says3 8,! dignity1 mission1 & suff]+s ( ,god's ,son are prom95t 9 ,h]mas' tea*+1 & rem9d u ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel at e turn40 ,! suppos$ quotation by ,papias1 ,fragm5t #e 7f\nd 9 ,ir5u71 8,9 my ,fa!r's h\se are _m mansions10 has be5 giv5 9 a previ\s *apt]4,a ,basilides1 accord+ to ,hippolytus1 us$ z pro(-texts ! exact passages f\nd 9 ,john i4 #i & ,john ii4 #d4 ,hippolytus fir/ records ! comm5ts ( ,basilides on ! s5t5ce 9 ,g5esis1 ,let !re be light1 & !n proce$s z foll[s3 8,& ?is1 he says1 is :at is said 9 ! ,gospels1 #8,! true light :i* lighte? e man :i* come? into ! _w4' ,& t ea* ?+1 he says1 has its own seasons1 ! ,savi\r is a suffici5t witness :5 he says1 #8,my h\r is n yet come4'0 ,^? :o d5y t ^! quotations#d 7 by ,basilides1 claim t ,hippolytus sometimes mixes up ! op9ions ( ! ma/] ( a s*ool ) ^? ( 8 foll[]s1 & s x is n c]ta9 t ,basilides us$ ^! texts4 ,! le>n$ au?or ( 8,canonicity10 rec5tly publi%$1 p4 #agc1 decl>es t ! difficulties 9 ! way ( ascrib+ ^? quotations to any o!r ?an ,basilides1 are 8enorm\s40 ,! reason+ ( ,mat!w ,arnold 7:o is q f> f be+ rigidly or?odox7 is s conclusive t we give ! sub/ance ( x3 8,if we take all ! d\btful cases ( ! k9d & comp>e !m ) our pres5t case1 we %all f9d t x is n "o ( !m4 ,x is n true t "h :]e ! "n ( ,basilides has j come be=e1 & :]e no m5tion ( 8 son or ( 8 disciples has int]v5$ s9ce1 !re is any su* ambiguity z is f\nd 9 o!r cases4444 ,! au?or 9 g5]al uses ! =mula1 accord+ to !m1 :5 he quotes f ! s*ool1 & ! =mula1 he says1 :5 he gives ! dicta ( ! ,ma/]4 ,& 9 ?is p>ticul> case he manife/ly quotes ! dicta ( ,basilides1 & no "o :o _h n a !ory to s]ve w\ld ev] dream ( d\bt+ x4 ,basilides1 !re=e1 ab\t ! ye> "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five ( our own era1 _h be=e him ! ,f\r? ,gospel40 ,! ,epi/les ( ,ignatius1 :e!r ! long] or %ort] or ,syriac1 may be ( too d\btful g5u95ess1 or r1 ! ext5t z to :i* !y are g5u9e is too d\btful to be reli$ ^u1 al?\gh "s ( !m conta9 num]\s quotations4 #a ,! ,logic ( ,*ri/ian ,evid5ces4 ,by ,g4 ,fr$]ick ,wright1 ,&ov]1 ,a4,d4 #ahhj1 p4 #aij4 #b ,or1 z ,dr4 ,abbott translat$ x1 z 8^? :o h writt5 ,memoirs ( all ?+s conc]n+ our ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/1 :om we believe10 etc4 ,f\r? ,gospel1 p4 #ba4 #c ,z quot$ 7p4 #dc7 9 ,! ,sup]natural ,orig9 ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,by ,george ,p4 ,fi%]1 ,pr(essor ( ,*ur* ,hi/ory 9 ,yale ,college 7,a4,d4 #ahgj74 ,a ,*ap4 #c4 #d ,judge ,waite does n ev5 ref] to ^! quotations except to quote f ,dr4 ,davidson 9 respect to ,basilides 9 g5]al1 t 8,8 suppos$ quotations f ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ,hippolytus are too prec>i\s to be tru/$40 ,he does n seem to h kn[n any?+ ( ,pr(essors ,arnold & ,fi%]1 or ,dr4 ,abbot1 n to m5tion o!r v respectable writ]s )9 ! la/ t5 ye>s1 :o h reg>d$ ! use ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel by ,basilides z suffici5tly atte/$4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,ju/9',s ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,f\r? ,,gospel4 ,*ri/'s pre-exi/5ce1 n decl>$ 9 ! o!r ,gospels1 is frequ5tly ref]r$ to by ,ju/94#a ,john alone calls ,jesus ! ,^w2 ,ju/9 (t5 ref]s to him z su*4 ,ju/9 reg>ds ! elevation ( ! braz5 s]p5t 9 ! wild]ness z typical#b ( ! crucifixion4 ,he says x d5ot$ salvation to ^? :o flee = refuge to him :o s5t 8 crucifi$ son into ! _w2 ! idea ( ,god's s5d+ 8 ,son into ! _w is peculi> to ,john4 ,! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,_s 9 ! =m ( a dove1 at ! baptism ( ,jesus1 is m5tion$ only 9 ! ,fir/ & ,f\r? ,gospels4 ,ju/9 7,dial4 c4 #hh7 says t :5 ,jesus 8came out ( ! wat]1 ! ,holy ,gho/ light$ on him l a dove1 z ! ,apo/les ( ?is v ,*ri/ ( ours wrote40 ,ju/9 7,dial4 c4 #hh7 cites1 z ! words ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 8,i am n ! ,*ri/1 b ! voice ( "o cry+40 ,?is decl>ation1 8,i am n ! ,*ri/10 & ?is application to himself ( ! language ( ,isaiah1 are attribut$ to ! ,bapti/ only 9 ,john 7,john i4 #bj1 #bc1 & iii4 #bh74 ,hilg5feld1 ! late/ repres5tative ( ! ,tb+5 skeptical s*ool1 recognizes#c "h ! use ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel by ,ju/94 ,& ,dr4 ,ezra ,abbot1 foll[+ ,pr(essor ,drummond1 gives tw5ty#d in/ances 7includ+ ! express quotation7 ( ! app>5t or seem+ use ( ?is ,gospel by ,ju/94 ,! express quotation z 9 ,john iii4 #c1 #e1 is z foll[s3 8,= ,*ri/ also said1 #8,except ye be born aga9 ye %all n ent] into ! k+dom ( heav54' ,n[1 t x is impossible = ^? :o h once be5 born to ent] into _! mo!rs' womb is manife/ to all40 7,ap4 c4 #fa47 ,?is is z translat$ 9 ! ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y4 ,dr4 ,abbot 7p4 #bi7 translates x 8,except ye be born aga91 ye %all 9 no wise ent] into ! k+dom ( heav540 ,mat!w ,arnold1 8,except ye be born aga9 ye %all n ent] into ! k+dom ( heav540 ,our common v]sion is1 8,except a man be born aga9 he _c see ! k+dom ( ,god20 & 9 v]se #e1 8,except a man be born ( wat] & ! ,_s he _c ent] into ! k+dom ( ,god40 ,! revis$ v]sion1 8,except a man be born anew10 or 8f above0 7m>g971 8he _c see ! k+dom ( ,god40 ,!re is a sub/antial agreem5t 9 ! quotation ) ,john's ,gospel1 & unmi/akable ref]5ce to ! int]view ) ,nicodemus1 :i* is f\nd only 9 ,john4 ,! mo/ rational inf]5ce is t x 0 f t s\rce4 ,ju/91 9 ?is quotation1 0 z def9ite z :5 7,ap4 c4 #cb7 he wrote3 8,moses !n1 :o 0 ! fir/ ( ! prophets1 spake 9 ^! v words1 #8,! sceptre %all n dep>t f ,judah1 nor a lawgiv] f betwe5 8 feet1 until he come = :om x is res]v$2 & he %all be ! desire ( ! nations1 b9d+ 8 foal to ! v9e1 wa%+ 8 robe 9 ! blood ( ! grape4'0 7,com4 ,g54 xlix4 #aj1 #aa47 ,he does n /ate :]e ! passage is to be f\nd1 & its div]g5ce f ,g5esis is great] ?an ! diff]5ce 9 ! language ( ,jesus1 z quot$ by ,ju/9 & record$ by ,john4 ,ju/91 9 quot+ f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 usually gives ! "n ( ! prophet1 b no?+ m2 j z he gives ?is quotation z ! language ( ,*ri/4 ,he writes ,moses said1 or ,isaiah said1 & he also writes ,*ri/ said4 ,! o!r ,apo/olic ,fa!rs1 9 _! quotations f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 d n usually give ! "n ( ! prophet1 b only1 8,x is writt510 8,god said10 8,! ,_s sai?10 8,! ,scripture sai?10 & (t5 only 8sai?10 8,! ,scripture0 9 su* cases be+ impli$4 ,&1 z a rule1 !y d n quote ) lit]al accuracy or a ne> approximation to x4 ,x has be5 object$1 t if ?is quotation 0 actually f ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 m ?an a s+le quotation f x %\ld be expect$4 ,let ?is be te/$ by ! f\r epi/les confess$ to be g5u9e4 ,!re is n a s+le quotation by ,ju/9 f ei!r ( ^! ackn[l$g$ epi/les1 & x is d\btful if !re is a s+le ref]5ce to !m1 c]ta9ly n 9 8 ,apology4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,! epi/le to ! ,galatians 7& ,r5an says1 8,?anks to ! ,epi/le to ! ,galatians607 is n ref]r$ to 9 any way by ,clem5t1 or 9 ,b>nabas1 or ,h]mas2 nor ,fir/ ,cor9?ians 9 ,b>nabas or ,h]mas 7& b once 9 ,diognetus72 nor ,romans 9 ,h]mas2 nor ,revelation 9 ,b>nabas1 or ,diognetus1 or ,polyc>p1 & b once by ,clem5t4 ,to acc\nt = ,ju/9's sil5ce1 x has be5 imag9$1 )\t ! slighte/ evid5ce1 t ,ju/9 0 8anti-,paul9e40 ,b h[ are ! omissions by o!r writ]s to be acc\nt$ =8 ,h[ did x happ5 t ,clem5t made no ref]5ce to ,galatians8 ,x 0 n f ho/ility1 c]ta9ly1 = he speaks ( 8,! bless$ ,apo/le ,paul40 ,yet writ+ ?is epi/le f ! *ur* at ,rome1 to ! *ur* at ,cor9?1 he has b a s+le quotation f ,paul's ,epi/le to ! ,romans1 & b a s+le quotation f ,paul's ,fir/ ,epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians1 & no ref]5ce to ,galatians4 ,! well-kn[n di/9ction ( ev]yday application 9 c\rts ( law & else:]e1 betwe5 positive & negative evid5ce1 is to be kept 9 m9d4 ,:e!r ,john's ,gospel w\ld be quot$ by any writ] acqua9t$ ) x1 might dep5d entirely ^u 8 object 9 writ+2 & s ( ,galatians1 or any ( ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,:ile a s+le und\bt$ quotation proves ! exi/5ce ( t :i* is quot$ f1 non-quotation may prove no?+ at all4 ,ju/9 app>5tly has "o quotation f ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 ) _m impli$ ref]5ces to x4 ,b if !re 7 nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r1 to inf] 8 ignorance ( t ,gospel f 8 sil5ce w\ld be j z s5sible z to inf] t a lawy] _h nev] he>d ( ,black/one1 or ,k5t1 or ,/ory1 because he has n quot$ f !m4 ,if ,ju/9 9 8 ,apology quot$ once f ,m>k1 & once f ,john1 & n at all f ,acts1 or ,revelations1 or ,paul's ,epi/les1 x 0 because 8 subject did n call = any use ( ^? writ+s1 beyond ! use :i* he made ( ,m>k & ,john4 ,& if 7z 0 app>5tly ! fact7 he quot$ ,luke six times & ,mat!w eighte5 times 9 8 ,apology1 x 0 d\btless because ,mat!w bett] s]v$ 8 purpose1 or 0 m firmly fix$ 9 8 memory1 f 8 hav+ be5 born 9 ,pale/9e1 :]e ,mat!w's ,gospel 0 publi%$4 ,a l explanation acc\nts = ! fact t ! ,f\r? ,gospel is n quot$ by ,polyc>p 9 8 ,epi/le to ! ,philippians4 ,nei!r does he quote or cite f ,revelations4 ,! result s f> is ?is3 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel1 app>5tly1 is quot$ by ,basilides1 & ,ju/91 & ,papias2 &1 9 addition1 !re are _m impli$ ref]5ces to x4 ,!re is ab\t ! same am\nt ( evid5ce 9 respect to ,m>k & ! book ( ,acts4 ,! evid5ce accumulates z to ,luke's ,gospel1 & f ,mat!w1 ! quotations & citations become v num]\s4 ,t ^! quotations & citations 7 =g]ies is an idea t _c be s]i\sly ent]ta9$ by anybody4 ,!re 7 orig9als f :i* ! quotations 7 tak52 & presumptively1 ^? orig9als 7 ! 8,memoirs0 s (t5 ref]r$ to by ,ju/92 & presumptively our ,gospels 7 ^? ,memoirs1 s9ce !y answ] ! description4 ,& unless x c be %[n t o!r writ+s t w answ] ! description 7 !n extant1 ?is presumption is well nigh conclusive4 #a ,ap4 cc4 #e1 #bc1 #cb1 #db1 #ej1 #ec1 #fc2 ,dial4 cc4 #dh1 #eg1 #fh1 #gf1 #he1 #ajj1 #aja4 #b ,ap4 c4 #fj3 ,dial4 cc4 #g1 #id1 #adj4 #c ,abbot1 p4 #de2 ,fi%]1 p4 #ci2 ,se>s1 8,! ,he>t ( ,*ri/0 7,a4,d4 #ahgc71 pp4 #df-fg4 #d ,abbot1 pp4 #dj-ej4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,no ,,o!rs ,,prov$4 ,! late/ "w 9 ?is c\ntry :i* d5ies ! g5u95ess ( our ,gospels1 is 8,! ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ri/ian religion to ! ye> two hundr$40 7,*icago1 #ahha47 ,! au?or says x is ! result ( an inve/igation ext5d+ ?r\gh sev]al ye>s1 two ( :i* 7 sp5t 9 ! libr>y ( congress1 8:i* is peculi>ly ri* 9 ! dep>tm5t ( biblical lit]ature40 ,he claims t 8 volume 8w be f\nd to be ! mo/ complete record ( ! ev5ts connect$ ) ! ,*ri/ian religion dur+ ! fir/ two c5turies1 :i* has ev] be5 pres5t$ to ! public40 ,he %[s no lack ( ability or disposition to make z /rong a case z possible aga9/ our ,gospels4 ,& he und]/&s ! issue4 ,=1 he says1 ! "q :at ,gospels 7 us$ by ,ju/91 8is ( ! highe/ importance40 ,9 ?is "w1 !n1 if any:]e1 %\ld !re be pro( ( o!r writ+s ?an our ,gospels1 t w meet ! requirem5ts ( ! case4 ,b :at d we f9d8 ,x gives a li/ ( 8=ty ,gospels10 be=e ! decree ( ,pope ,gelasius1 ,a4,d4 #did4 ,! only m>vel is t ! li/ is n long]4 ,! great] portion are ! n[ extant ,apocryphal ,gospels1 ,acts1 & ,revelations1 :i* may be f\nd 9 ,vol4 ,,xvi41 ( ! ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y4 ,mu* confusion1 says#a ,dr4 ,ezra ,abbot1 has aris5 f ! fact t ! t]m 8,gospel0 0 9 anci5t times appli$ to speculative works :i* gave ! writ]'s view ( ! ,gospel1 i4 e41 ( ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/1 or among ! ,gno/ics1 :i* set =? _! gnosis2 e4 g41 among ! foll[]s ( ,basilides1 ,hippolytus tells u1 8,! ,gospel is ! k ( sup]mundane ?+s40 ,( all ! ,apocryphal ,gospels1 ,samuel ,ives ,curtiss1 ! well-kn[n ,g]man pr(essor 9 ! ,*icago ,!ological ,sem9>y1 writes3#b-- 8,i %all n wa/e any ink or pap] to prove t ! ,protevangelium1 ! ,gospel ( ! ,infancy1 ! ,acts ( ,pilate1 etc41 9 _! pres5t =ms z kn[n to u & z quot$ by ,judge ,waite1 arose at a lat] p]iod ?an our canonical ,gospels40 444 8,a k ( ! orig9al s\rces & ! lit]ature ( ! subject w\ld h sav$ him f ?is pitiful blund]4 ,i simply ref] to ,pr(essor ,lipsius' article on ! ,apocryphal ,gospels1 9 ,smi? & ,wace's ,diction>y ( ,*ri/ian ,biography1 ,london1 #ahhj1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 pp4 #gjj1 seq42 & ,holtzmann's ,apocryphon des ,neu5 ,te/am5ts1 9 ,s*5kel's ,bible ,lexicon1 ,leipzig1 #ahfi1 ,vol4 ,i41 pp4 #agj seq4 ,z nei!r ( ^! articles are by or?odox m51 or by ^? :o h ! slighte/ bias t[>d or?odoxy1 !y are calculat$ to inspire confid5ce 9 p]sons ( e %ade ( belief or disbelief4 ,bo? are au?orities2 ,mey]'s ,conv]sations-,lexikon says ( ,pr(essor ,lipsius1 ( ,j5a1 t he is "o ( ! mo/ em95t s*ol>s 9 ,g]many40 7,see note #b47 ,) ?is concurr+ judgm5t ( ! mo/ em95t s*ol>s1 n mu* "t %\ld be sp5t ^u ^! ,apocryphal books4 ,b a s+le quotation is giv5 by ,judge ,waite t is claim$ by him to h be5 made by ,ju/9 f ei!r ( !m4 ,& ?is 7al?\gh n to be f\nd 9 any s+le passage 9 our ,gospels7 may be ga!r$ f diff]5t passages1 :i* w\ld be 9 keep+ ) ,ju/9's mode4 ,x corresponds q ne>ly1 ?\gh n precisely1 ) a "p#c ( ! description 9 ! ,protevangelium ( ! ann\ncem5t to ,m>y4 ,b ?is no m proves ! use ( ! ,protevangelium by ,ju/9 ?an x proves ! use ( ,ju/9's ,apology by ! writ] ( ! ,protevangelium4 ,aside f ?is quotation1 !re are a few facts /at$ by ,ju/9 t are claim$1 by "s p]sons1 to h be5 tak5 f ! ,apocryphal ,gospels4 ,"o is1 t ,jesus made pl\ghs & yokes1 :i* ,ju/9 ( c\rse w\ld inf]1 f ! fact t x 0 a "p ( ! bus9ess ( a c>p5t] to make pl\ghs & yokes4 ,ano!r is1 t ,jesus 0 born 9 a cave4 ,dr4 ,?ompson1 says#d1 8,x is n impossible1 to say ! lea/1 b t ! ap>tm5t 9 :i* our ,savi\r 0 born 0 9 "p a cave4 ,i h se5 _m su*1 consi/+ ( "o or m rooms 9 front ( & includ+ a cav]n1 :]e ! cattle 7 kept40 ,ju/91 :o 0 a native ( ,judea1 add$ a circum/ance well kn[n f tradition1 :i* ,luke did n ?9k x ( consequ5ce to m5tion1 t ! mang] 0 9 a cave1 i4 e41 t ! /able 9 :i* 0 ! mang] 0 9 a cave4 ,he _h no occasion to resort to books = su* a fact4 ,ano!r is1 t ,ju/9 ref]s ! ,roman ,emp]or to 8,acts ( ,pilate0 z af=d+ evid5ce ( :at he _h /at$ conc]n+ ,*ri/'s crucifixion1 & ! miracles :i* he _h p]=m$4 ,accord+ to ! usual c\rse1 ,pilate %\ld h made a report ( ! crucifixion4 ,x is suppos$ t he did1 & t x 0 lo/ or de/roy$4 ,ju/9 appeals to x1 z if !n 9 ! ar*ives ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,:e!r he 0 well or ill in=m$ ^u ! subject1 ! docum5t to :i* he appeals1 cle>ly 0 n und]/ood by him to be "o ( ! 8,memoirs0 ( ,*ri/1 8drawn up0 by an ,apo/le1 or a 8companion0 ( an ,apo/le4 ,no?+ purport+ to be ,pilate's report is extant4 ,! ,apocryphal book1 kn[n z ! ,gospel ( ,nicodemus or ,acts ( ,pilate1 does n purport to conta9#e any su* report4 ,ano!r is1 t ,ju/9 says t ,*ri/ 0 ( ! ,h\se ( ,david2 a fact :i* ,jesus himself _h decl>$#f & :i* is also ref]r$ to1 9 ,acts4 ,! only rema9+ fact1 9 respect to ! alleg$ use ( ! ,protevangelium1 is 9 relation to ! c5sus4 ,x is claim$ t ,ju/9 & ! ,protevangelium agree t x 0 only to be tak5 9 ,judea4#g ,b ,ju/9 does n s /ate4 ,x also happ5s1 t :ile ,ju/9 makes m5tion ( ,cyr5ius1 ! ,protevangelium only says1 8,& !re 0 an ord] f ! ,emp]or ,augu/us t all 9 ,be?lehem ( ,judea %\ld be enroll$10 say+ no?+ ( ,cyr5ius4 ,?is is foll[$ by an absurd & wor?less /ory ( occurr5ces1 by ! way4 ,ju/9 has two ref]5ces to ! c5sus1 :i* w be f\nd 9 ! note4#h ,ju/91 9 /at+ t !re 0 a c5sus 9 ,judea1 does n exclude ! idea t x 0 m g5]al4 ,judge ,waite1 foll[+ ! anonym\s au?or ( 8,! ,sup]natural10 & o!rs1 also claims t ,ju/9's /atem5t t at ! baptism ( ,jesus 8a fire 0 k9dl$ 9 ! ,jordan10 mu/ h be5 tak5 ei!r f ! 8,gospel ( ! ,hebrews10 or ! 8,prea*+ ( ,paul40 ,z to ! =m] 7z he gives ! translation f a fragm5t f ,j]ome7 x is1 t1 8c]ta9ly !re %one ar\nd ! place a great light10 :i* is n :at ,ju/9 said4 ,!re is no evid5ce f any qu>t] t ?is 8,gospel ( ! ,hebrews0 0 9 exi/5ce 7o!r ?an z ,mat!w's ,gospel 0 9 exi/5ce71 :5 ,ju/9 wrote4 ,nor is !re any evid5ce t x 0 9 use1 at any p]iod1 except among ! ,naz>5es 7a small ,judaiz+ sect ( ,*ri/ians71 & ! ,c]9?ians1 & ,ebionites1 two h]etical sects4 ,! v au?orities quot$ to prove its exi/5ce1 cle>ly %[ t x 0 nev] 9 g5]al use1 or accept$ by ! *ur*es g5]ally4 ,nei!r ! "w itself1 nor ,j]ome's translation ( x1 has be5 9 exi/5ce = c5turies4 ,f :at is kn[n ( x1 x seems to h be5#i ! ,hebrew ,gospel ( ,mat!w1 8n entire & p]fect1 b corrupt$ & curtail$40 ,x omitt$ ! fir/ two *apt]s4 ,"s ( ! corruptions %[ its true "*#aj s f> z x v>i$ f ,mat!w's ,hebrew ,gospel2 = z ,papias wrote1 & ! ,fa!rs g5]ally believ$1 ,mat!w fir/ compos$ 8 ,gospel 9 ! ,hebrew dialect4 8,! ,prea*+ ( ,paul0 0 less kn[n1 & ev5 ( less acc\nt1 ?an ! o!r4 ,judge ,waite says 7p4 #bbi7 t x 80 ref]r$ to by ,lactantius & o!rs1 & 0 g5]ally kn[n 9 ! second c5tury40 ,b he furni%es no evid5ce ( x1 & ,lactantius di$ ab\t ,a4,d4 #cbe4 ,z to its cont5ts1 ,judge ,waite only says t 8,x conta9$ ref]5ces to ! ,sybill9e writ+s2 also to ! fire 9 ,jordan at ! "t ( ! baptism ( ,jesus40 ,!re is no good reason to suppose t x 0 extant :5 ,ju/9 wrote2 & mo/ c]ta9ly1 x 0 nev] receiv$ by ! *ur*es g5]ally4 ,eusebius does n seem to h kn[n any?+ ( x1 unless to reject x z spuri\s4 ,he says 7,book ,,iii41 c4 #be73 8,among ! spuri\s1 mu/ be numb]$ bo? ! books call$ #8,! ,acts ( ,paul1' & t call$ #8,pa/or1' & #8,! ,revelation ( ,pet]4'0 ,eusebius also is equally pron\nc$ aga9/ ! production call$ ! 8,gospel accord+ to ,pet]40 ,t ?is 8,gospel0 0 ref]r$ to by ,ju/9 9 ! passage be=e consid]$ 7vide c4 #d71 is ! fact to be prov$4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( x1 0 by ,s]apion#aa1 :o became ,bi%op ( ,antio* ,a4,d4 #aia1 fifty ye>s aft] ,ju/9 wrote4 ,he f\nd a few copies ( x among 8 flock1 :i* he replac$1 sub/itut+ ,m>k's ,gospel = x1 = ! reason t he f\nd 9 x 8_m ?+s sup]add$ to ! s\nd fai? ( our ,savi\r2 & "s also atta*$1 t are =eign to x40 ,?is bi%op seems to h _h no k ( its exi/5ce till t "t4 ,x favor$ ! ,docet1 f "s ( :om x _h come into 8 p>i%4 ,! pret5ce t ,t]tullian ref]r$ to x1 & int5d$ to ass]t t 9 8 day ! ,gospel ( ,m>k 0 und]/ood to h ?is ,gospel ( ,pet] = its orig9al1 has no?+ to re/ ^u b ano!r p]v]sion ( ,t]tullian's mean+4 ,! passage reli$ ^u is "h giv5 ) su* words 9 italics z mu/ be suppli$ to w>rant ! use :i* has be5 attempt$ to be made ( x3 8,! ,gospel :i* ,m>k publi%$ is affirm$ to be0 :at is kn[n z 8,pet]'s0 ,gospel1 8^: int]pret] ,m>k 040 ,?is =c$ con/ruction1 w\ld make ,m>k ! int]pret]1 n ( ,pet]1 b ( ! h]etical "w at "s "t kn[n by "s z ,pet]'s ,gospel4 ,n ,/rauss himself1 nor ev5 ! au?or ( 8,! ,sup]natural10 s int]pret$ ,t]tullian4 ,:at ,t]tullian wrote 01 t 8,! ,gospel :i* ,m>k publi%$ is affirm$ to be ,pet]'s2 ^: int]pret] ,m>k 040 ,m>cion mutilat$ ,luke's ,gospel1 & ,judge ,waite says1 8,t]tullian call$ him a h\nd40 ,if any "o 9 8 day _h p]v]t$ 8 language z to ,m>k's ,gospel1 s z to make x endorse ! "w :i* ,s]apion 7:o 0 a cotempor>y ( ,t]tullian7 suppress$ z h]etical1 ,t]tullian w\ld n h be5 likely to h us$ a less expressive ^w ?an t :i* he appli$ to ,m>cion4 ,t]tullian simply meant1 z ,papias _h writt51 & ! *ur* believ$1 t ,m>k 0 ,pet]'s int]pret]1 & 9 t s5se ,m>k's ,gospel 0 ,pet]'s ,gospel4 ,! next writ] ref]r$ to = 8,pet]'s ,gospel0 is ,orig51 ,a4,d4 #bcj4 ,orig5 says3 8,!re are "s :o say ! bre?r5 ( ,*ri/ 7 ! *ildr5 ( ,joseph by a =m] wife1 :o liv$ ) him be=e ,m>y2 & !y are induc$ to ?is op9ion by "s passages 9 t :i* is entitl$ 7! italics are ours7 #8,! ,gospel ( ,pet]1 or ! ,book ( ,james4'0 ,:5 x is consid]$ t ,orig51 9 mo/ explicit t]ms1 decl>es t our f\r ,gospels 8are ! only undisput$ ones 9 ! :ole ,*ur* ( ,god ?r\gh\t ! _w10 & t ( ^!1 8! second is accord+ to ,m>k1 :o compos$ x z ,pet] expla9$ x to him1 :om he also ackn[l$ges z 8 son 9 8 ,g5]al ,epi/le10 ! p]v]sion ( 8 language is app>5t4 ,mr4 ,norton1 ^: op9ion1 x is conc$$1 8is entitl$ to great weight10 ^u a c>eful exam9ation ( ! subject1 believes t ?is 8,gospel0 0 n a hi/ory or biography ( ,*ri/'s m9i/ry at all1 b only a doctr9al#ab treatise4 ,n a s+le fragm5t ( x has come d[n to u4 ,!re is no evid5ce f any qu>t] t x 0 g5]ally receiv$ 9 ! *ur*es at any p]iod2 on ! contr>y1 ! evid5ce1 s f> z x goes1 proves t x 0 n s receiv$4 ,x 0 ! ,gospel exclusively us$ by ! ,ebionites1#ac & nei!r ,ju/9 nor ! majority ( ,*ri/ians 9 8 "t 7 ,ebionites4 ,its v suppression by ,s]apion is conclusive2 & !re is no?+ to impea* ,eusebius' judgm5t aga9/ x4 ,!re is no evid5ce t x 0 ev5 9 exi/5ce :5 ,ju/9 wrote1 = ! m]e fact ( its be+ f\nd by ,s]apion =ty or fifty ye>s aft] is too remote4 ,h5ce1 if ,ju/91 9 ! p>agraph be=e quot$ 9 *apt] f\r1 by 8him0 meant ,pet]1 in/ead ( ,*ri/ 7:i* we d n accept71#ad ! ,gospel ( ,m>k1 :i* 9 a s5se 0 und]/ood to be ,pet]'s1 0 ! "o int5d$2 & ! true con/ruction ( ! words 9 "q is ( m9or importance4 ,judge ,waite has succe$$ z well z any "o1 9 8 attempt to f9d o!r writ+s ?an our ,gospels1 t w meet ! necessities ( ! case4 ,pr(essor ,lipsius1 "o ( ! mo/ em95t s*ol>s 9 ,g]many1 says1#ae 8,! attempt to prove t ,ju/9 ,m>tyr & ! ,clem5t9e ,homilies _h "o extra-canonical au?ority common to !m bo?1 ei!r 9 ! ,gospel to ! ,hebrews or 9 ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,pet]1 has altoge!r fail$40 ,( rec5t writ]s ?is side ( ! ocean1 ,dr4 ,ezra ,abbot ( ,h>v>d ,college 7:o has already 8a di/+ui%$ ,cont95tal reputation071 /ates1#af aft] a ?or\gh exam9ation ( ! :ole subject1 z "s ( ! results3 8,we h se5 t !re is no direct evid5ce ( any weight t ,ju/9 us$ ei!r ! #8,gospel accord+ to ! ,hebrews' 7s f> z ?is 0 di/+ui%$ f ! ,gospel accord+ to ,mat!w7 or ! #8,gospel accord+ to ,pet]4' ,t he %\ld h tak5 ei!r ( ^! z ! s\rce ( 8 quotations1 or t ei!r ( ^! con/itut$ ! #8,memoirs' read g5]ally at public wor%ip 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*es ( 8 "t1 is 9 ! highe/ degree improbable40444 8,/ill less c be said 9 behalf ( ! hypo!sis t any o!r ,apocryphal #8,gospel' ( :i* we "k any?+1 con/itut$ ! #8,memoirs1' :i* he cites1 if !y 7 "o book1 or 0 includ$ among !m1 if !y 7 sev]al40 ,mr4 ,r[e's#ag judgm5t is1 t ! facts ref]r$ to by ,ju/91 b n record$ 9 ! ,gospels1 /& to ^? :i* are record$1 9 ! proportion ( only f\r1 to "o hundr$ & n9ety-six4 ,9 o!r words1 t all b f\r out ( ab\t two hundr$ ref]5ces1 appe> 9 ! ,gospels4 8,x is m>vell\s10 he says1 8:5 we consid] ! ne>ness ( ! "t :5 ,ju/9 liv$ to our ,"l's m9i/ry1 t he %\ld h pres]v$ s few incid5ts respect+ x :i* v>y f ^? 9 our ,gospels1 r ?an t ^? to :i* he has ref]r$ %\ld pres5t ! slight v>iations !y d2 = x is an int]val )9 :i* tradition>y rem9isc5ces mu/ h possess$ all _! fre%ness40 #a ,p4 #af ( 8,au?or%ip ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel10 etc4 7#ahhj74 #b ,! ,daily ,int]-,ocean ( ,feb4 #ab1 #ahha4 ,to ! same effect1 8,! ,au?or%ip10 p4 #ih1 note #f2 ,! ,sup]natural ,orig9 ( ,*ri/ianity1 by ,george ,p4 ,fi%]1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(essor ( ,*ri/ian ,hi/ory 9 ,yale ,college 7#ahgj71 p4 #aia-b2 ,orig91 etc41 by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,e4 ,/[e 7#ahfg71 p4 #ahe1 c4 #g4 #c 8,& ! angel ( ,god :o 0 s5t to ! same virg9 at t "t1 br\ght h] ! good news1 say+1 #8,behold ?\ %alt conceive ( ! ,holy ,gho/ & %alt be> a son1 & he %all be call$ ! ,son ( ! ,highe/1 & ?\ %alt call 8 "n ,jesus1 = he %all save 8 p f _! s9s4'0 ,aft] a doz5 l9es1 ! la/ clause is repeat$ z foll[s3 8,:]e=e1 too1 ! angel said to ! virg91 #8,?\ %alt call 8 "n ,jesus1 = he %all save 8 p f _! s9s4'0 ,! la/ clause seems to h be5 transf]r$ f ,mat!w by ,ju/94 ,! ,protevangelium 7c4 #aa7 reads z foll[s3 8,& %e he>+1 reason$ ) h]self1 say+3 ,%all ,i conceive by ! ,"l1 ! liv+ ,god8 ,& %all ,i br+ =?1 z e woman br+s =?8 ,& ! angel ( ! ,"l said3 ,n s1 ,m>y2 = ! p[] ( ! ,"l %all ov]%ad[ !e2 :]e=e also t holy ?+ :i* %all be born ( !e %all be call$ ! ,son ( ! ,mo/ ,high4 ,& ?\ %alt call 8 "n ,jesus1 = he %all save 8 p f _! s9s4 ,& ,m>y said3 ,behold ! s]vant ( ! ,"l be=e 8 face2 let x be unto me accord+ to ?y ^w4 ,& %e made ! purple & ! sc>let & took !m to ! prie/10 etc4 ,! acc\nt is prec$$ by ! /ory t x _h fall5 to h] lot to sp9 purple & sc>let = ! veil ( ! temple1 & t :5 ! angel spake to h] %e 0 go+ ) a pit*] to fill x ) wat]4 ,x is n easy to believe t ,ju/9's simple n>rative came f su* a s\rce4 #d ,! ,l& & ! ,book1 by ,w4 ,m4 ,?ompson1 ,d4,d41 tw5ty-five ye>s a mission>y ( ! ,a4 ,b4 ,c4 ,f4 ,m41 9 ,syria & ,pale/9e1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 p4 #ejc4 #e ,! fir/ "p conta9s a graphic acc\nt ( ! trial & crucifixion4 ,at ! trial witnesses are repres5t$ z appe>+ be=e ,pilate & n>rat+ diff]5t miracles :i* _h be5 p]=m$4 ,judge ,waite devotes consid]able space 9 comp>+ ^! acc\nts ) ! ,gospel n>ratives4 ,he argues t ! ,apocryphal acc\nt mu/ h be5 ! e>li] "o1 because ( its brevity1 & because x does n include all ! miracles4 ,?is is z if "o %\ld inf] t ! plea ( ! advocate1 or ! *>ge ( ! judge1 prec$$ ! te/imony1 or ! comp5dium1 ! hi/ory4 #f ,matt4 ix4 #bg2 xii4 #bc2 xv4 #bb2 ,m>k x4 #dg2 xii4 #ce-g2 ,luke xx4 #cj-a2 xl4 #f2 xviii4 #ch-i2 ,john vii4 #db2 ,acts xiii4 #bc2 ,ro4 i4 #c4 #g ,protevangelium1 p4 #ag2 vol4 #af1 ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y1 pp4 #ah-ai4 #h ,apology1 c4 #cd4 8,n[ !re is a village 9 ! l& ( ! ,jews1 ?irty-five /adia f ,j]usalem1 9 :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 born1 z y c asc]ta9 also f ! regi/]s ( ! tax+ made "u ,cyr5ius1 y\r fir/ procurator 9 ,judea40 ,dial4 c4 #gh4 8,!n he 0 afraid & did n put h] away2 b on ! occasion ( ! fir/ c5sus :i* 0 tak5 9 ,judea "u ,cyr5ius1 he w5t up f ,naz>e? :]e he liv$ to ,be?lehem1 to :i* he belong$1 to be enroll$2 = 8 family 0 ( ! tribe ( ,judah1 :i* !n inhabit$ t region40 ,joseph 0 bo? ( ! tribe ( ,judah1 & ( ! h\se & l9eage ( ,david1 & !re is no contradiction4 ,x is to be notic$ t ! c5sus is spok5 ( z ! fir/ c5sus t 0 tak54 ,cyr5ius1 call$ !n procurator1 0 aft]w>d gov]nor4 #i ,see au?orities 9 ,note #b4 #aj 8,n[ my "m1 ! ,holy ,gho/1 took me by "o ( my hairs1 & br\ght me to ! great m\nta9 ev5 ,tabor40 8,jesus said unto him1 g sell all :i* ?\ possesse/ & divide among ! poor1 & come foll[ me4 ,b ! ri* man began to scrat* 8 head1 & x did n please him40 ,orig91 etc41 by ,pr(essor ,/[e1 p4 #bb4 #aa ,abbott's ,f\r? ,gospel1 p4 #gh2 ,eusebius1 b4 #f1 c4 #ab2 b4 #c1 c4 #be4 #ab ,abbott1 etc41 p4 #gi2 ,waite's ,hi/ory1 p4 #aa4 #ac ,abbott1 etc41 p4 #ajd1 ,eusebius1 b4 #f1 c4 #ab4 #ad ,! entire passage is z foll[s3 8,& :5 x is said t he *ang$ ! "n ( "o ( ! ,apo/les to ,pet]2 & :5 x is writt5 9 ! ,memoirs ( him t ?is s happ5$1 z well z t he *ang$ ! names ( o!r two bro!rs1 ! sons ( ,zeb$ee1 to ,boan]ges1 :i* means sons ( ?und]2 ?is 0 an ann\ncem5t ( ! fact t x 0 he by :om ,jacob 0 call$ ,israel1 & ,o%ea call$ ,jesus 7,jo%ua7 "u ^: "n ! p :o surviv$ ( ^? :o came f ,egypt 7 conduct$ into ! l& promis$ to ! patri>*s40 ,! controv]sy is1 :e!r ! p]sonal pron\ns 8,he0 & 8,him0 ref] to ,jesus1 or :e!r 8,him0 ref]s to ,pet]4 ,judge ,waite says t ,ju/9 has t5 times 8,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les10 & five times1 8,memoirs10 & n once1 8,memoirs ( ,*ri/40 ,x is true we d n f9d 8,memoirs ( ,*ri/40 ,b confess$ly ! ,memoirs int5d$ 7 ( or conc]n+ ,*ri/1 & n ( or conc]n+ ! ,apo/les1 or ei!r ( !m4 ,ju/9 us$ ! expression ,memoirs ( ! ,apo/les j z we say ! ,gospel ( ,john4 ,!y 7 conc]n+ ,*ri/2 he is ! gr& subject ( disc\rse 9 all ,ju/9's writ+s4 ,& 9 ,ap4 c4 #cc1 ,ju/9 speaks ( ^? 8:o h writt5 ,memoirs ( all ?+s conc]n+ our ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/40 ,9 ! prop] & highe/ s5se !y %\ld only be spok5 ( z 8,memoirs ( ,*ri/40 ,judge ,waite1 aft] ! au?or ( 8,! ,sup]natural0 7p4 #ccg71 says1 to ref] to ! m di/ant antec$5t is contr>y to ! rule4 ,! rule is ( b slight importance z comp>$ to ! :ole scope4 ,& to apply ! rule "h1 ,pet] w\ld be ! "o :o *ang$ ! names ( ! sons ( ,zeb$ee2 = ,pet]1 & n ,*ri/1 w\ld be ! la/ antec$5t4 #ae ,z quot$ by ,dr4 ,ezra ,abbot1 pp4 #ih1 #ii2 see1 also1 ,int]-,ocean ( ,febru>y #ab1 #ahha4 #af ,abbot1 etc41 p4 #ajc1 #ajd2 ,int]-,ocean ( ,febru>y #ab4 #ag ,bampton ,lectures = #ahgg1 pp4 #bgi1 #bha4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,presumption ,,( ,,p]man5cy4 ,9 g5]al1 says ,mr4 ,phillips1#a !re is a presumption 9 favor ( ! cont9uance ( :at is once prov$ to h exi/$4 ,x is a famili> pr9ciple ( law1 says ,*ief ,ju/ice ,p>k]1 t a /ate ( ?+s once %[n to exi/ is presum$ to cont9ue until some?+ is %[n to rebut ! presumption4 ,& ?is position1 says ,pr(essor ,gre5leaf1 is f\nd$ 8on ! exp]i5c$ cont9uance or p]man5cy ( long] or %ort] duration 9 human affairs4 ,:51 !re=e1 ! exi/5ce ( a p]son1 a p]sonal relation1 or a /ate ( ?+s1 is once e/abli%$ by pro(1 ! law presumes t ! p]son1 relation1 or /ate ( ?+s cont9ues to exi/ z be=e1 until ! contr>y is %[n1 or until a diff]5t presumption is rais$ f ! nature ( ! subject 9 "q40 ,) o!r examples ( ! application ( ?is presumption1 he m5tions op9ions & religi\s convictions3 8,! op9ions also ( individuals1 once ent]ta9$ & express$1 & ! /ate ( m9d1 once prov$ to exi/1 are presum$ to rema9 un*ang$ until ! contr>y appe>s4 ,?us1 all ! memb]s ( a ,*ri/ian community1 be+ presum$ to ent]ta9 ! common fai?1 no man is suppos$ to disbelieve ! exi/5ce & moral gov]nm5t ( ,god1 until x is %[n f 8 own decl>ations40 ,?is presumption be+ f\nd$ 9 reason & exp]i5ce1 is ( univ]sal application4 ,x is n conclusive1 b /&s 8until some?+ is %[n to rebut x40 ,x is ! basis ( ,hume's argum5t aga9/ miracles1 b :i* he misapplies1 mak+ x conclusive in/ead ( presumptive evid5ce4 ,z a presumption1 x is /rictly applicable to ! "q 9 h&1 & w be f\nd to h great =ce4 ,=1 f ?is natural & reasonable presumption1 x %\ld be tak51 unless ! contr>y is prov$1 t ! accept$ 8,memoirs0 ( ,ju/9's "t rema9$ 9 ! *ur*es4 ,h5ce if we c asc]ta9 ) entire c]ta9ty :at 8,memoirs0 7 accept$ 9 ! *ur*es 9 ! ye> #ahj1 & no evid5ce ( displacem5t & sub/itution appe>s1 we %all h mo/ satisfactory evid5ce :at 8,memoirs0 7 ! ones int5d$ by him 9 8 ,apology4 #a ,phillips on ,evid5ce1 #d? ,am4 ,ed41 #fdj3 #ag ,n4 ,h4 ,rep41 #dji3 #a ,gre5leaf on ,evid5ce1 #da1 #db4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,memoirs ,,( ,,! ,,ye> ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,& ,,eighty4 ,!re is und\bt$ pro( t )9 =ty ye>s f ! "t ,ju/9 wrote 8 ,fir/ ,apology1 our ,f\r ,gospels 7& no o!rs7 ) ! ,book ( ,acts1 7 univ]sally receiv$ 9 ! *ur*1 z we n[ receive !m4 ,x comes f ! writ+s ( ,agrippa ,ca/or1 ,apoll9>is1 ,bi%op ( ,hi]apolis1 ,apelles1 ,a!nagoras1 ,basilides1 ,celsus1 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,eusebius1 ,h]acleon1 ,ir5u1 ,j]ome1 ,m>cion1 ,melito1 ,bi%op ( ,s>dis1 ,orig51 ,pantnus1 ,polyc>p1 ,s]apion1 ,tatian1 ,!ophilus1 ,t]tullian1 ,val5t9e1 ,! ,lett] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,vi5ne & ,lyons1 & ! unkn[n au?ors ( ! ,clem5t9e ,homilies1 & ! ,muratori ,canon--,*ri/ians1 ,gno/ics1 ,h]etics1 & ,hea!n1 all concurr+ to prove univ]sal reception1 beyond a reasonable d\bt4 ,s /rong is ?is pro( t ev5 ,/rauss does n d5y su* reception by ! end ( ! second c5tury1 & he admits t !re is evid5ce ( an e>li] date4 ,he says3 8,we le>n f ! works ( ,ir5u1 ( ,clem5t ,alex&r9us1 & ( ,t]tullian1 t1 at ! end ( ! second c5tury aft] ,*ri/1 our ,f\r ,gospels 7 recogniz$ by ! or?odox *ur* z ! writ+s ( ! ,apo/les & ! disciples companions ( ! ,apo/les1 & 7 sep>at$ f _m o!r simil> productions1 z au!ntic records ( ! life ( ,jesus4 ,! fir/ ,gospel1 accord+ to our ,canon1 is attribut$ i4 e4 by ! au?ors nam$ to ,mat!w1 :o is enum]at$ among ! twelve ,apo/les2 ! f\r? to ,john1 ! belov$ disciple ( our ,"l2 ! second to ,m>k1 ! int]pret] ( ,pet]2#a & ! ?ird to ,luke1 ! companion ( ,paul4 ,we h1 besides1 ! au?ority ( e>li] au?ors1 bo? 9 _! own works1 & 9 quotations cit$ by o!rs40 ,z a false witness sometimes admits a "p1 ! bett] to conceal :at is m important1 s ,/rauss admits a /ate ( ?+s z exi/+ at ! end ( ! c5tury1 t1 beyond dispute1 %\ld be c>ri$ back to a "t at lea/ tw5ty ye>s e>li]4 ,?us ,pr(essor ,fi%]1 9 8 exhau/ive "w1 says ( ,john's ,gospel 7:i* is conc$$ to h be5 ! la/73 8,we *oose to beg9#b ) ! unque/ion$ fact ( ! univ]sal reception ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel z g5u9e 9 ! la/ qu>t] ( ! second c5tury4 ,at t "t we f9d t x 0 held 9 e "p ( ,*ri/5dom to be ! "w ( ! ,apo/le ,john4 ,! prom95t witnesses are ,t]tullian 9 ,nor? ,africa1 ,clem5t 9 ,alex&ria1 & ,ir5u 9 ,gaul40 ,& ,pr(essor ,abbot#c says3 8,i beg9 ) ! /atem5t1 :i* _c be que/ion$1 t our pres5t ,gospels1 & no o!rs1 7 receiv$ by ! great body ( ,*ri/ians z g5u9e & sacr$ books dur+ ! la/ qu>t] ( ! second c5tury40 ,!ophilus ( ,antio*1 z e>ly z ,a4,d4 #ahj1 n only quotes f ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 z ,scripture1 b names ,john z its au?or1 z foll[s3#d 8,z ! ,holy ,scriptures1 & all :o h ! ,_s1 tea* u1 among :om ,john says1 #8,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w1 & ! ,^w 0 ) ,god2' signify+ t ,god alone 0 9 ! beg9n+1 & t ! ,^w 0 9 him4 ,& !n he says1 ! ,^w 0 ,god1 & all ?+s 7 made by ,him1 & )\t him !re 0 n any?+ made40 ,!ophilus also wrote a ,comm5t>y ^u ! ,gospels4 ,be=e ?is "t1 also1 our ,gospels & ,acts _h be5 includ$ 9 a li/#e ( canonical books receiv$ 9 ! *ur*es4 ,!y 7 9 _! pres5t ord]1 &1 z f> z _! au?or%ip is /at$1 are attribut$ to ! p]sons ^: names are n[ assign$ to !m4 ,& be=e#f ?is date1 ,celsus 7:o anticipat$ ,/rauss by sev5te5 hundr$ ye>s7 _h cit$ alleg$ contradictions 9 ! ,gospels1 & p>ticul>ly z to !re be+ "o or two angels at ! sepul*re4 ,he attempt$ to ridicule ! idea t blood & wat] came f ,jesus' side--a fact t is /at$ only 9 ,john4 ,he ref]s to ! fact t ,*ri/ 8aft] 8 dea? arose1 & %[$ ! m>ks ( 8 puni%m5t1 & h[ 8 h&s _h be5 pi]c$40 ,al?\gh he does n "n ! au?ors ( ! books1 yet 8 num]\s quotations correspond ) !m1 includ+ ,luke & ,john4 ,& 9 respect to all ( ! discrepancies1 etc41 he says3 8,all ^! ?+s ,i h tak5 out ( y\r own books10 i4 e4 ,scriptures4 8,we ne$10 says he1 8no aft] witness1 = y fall ^u y\r own swords40 ,8 "w has n come d[n to u except z conta9$ 9 ,orig5's writ+s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 quote s fully f x1 t x is ne>ly reproduc$4 ,& t5 ye>s#g be=e ?is "t1 ,tatian1 :o _h be5 a disciple ( ,ju/9 7b aft] ,ju/9's dea? became h]etical71 wrote a ,comm5t>y or ,h>mony ^u ! ,gospels4 ,he call$ x ,diatess]on1 :i* means ! ,gospel ( ! ,f\r4 ,! celebrat$ ,syrian1 ,fa!r ,ephrm1 :o di$ ,a4,d4 #cgc1 wrote a comm5t>y on x4 ,b>-,salibi1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! la/ "p ( ! twelf? c5tury1 0 also well acqua9t$ ) ,tatian's "w2 & says t x began ) ,john i4 #a3 8,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w40 ,be=e ?is date1 ,h]acleon1 a disciple ( ! ,gno/ic ,val5t9e1 wrote a comm5t>y ^u ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,! "w is kn[n#h to u ?r\gh _m fragm5ts1 :i* ,orig5 has wov5 into 8 own comm5t>y on ! same ,gospel4 ,quotations f ! canonical ,gospels betwe5 ! p]iods m5tion$ are v num]\s4 ,x is unnecess>y to cite !m1 or to give o!r specific pro( ( a /ate ( ?+s exi/+ z e>ly z #ahj1 z %[n by mo/ incontrov]tible evid5ce1 :atev] d\bt may be _h z to "s items ( ?is evid5ce4 ,inde$ an e>li] date might prop]ly be assum$ ?an t tak5 z ! basis ( our argum5t4 ,?us ,dr4 ,*>t]is1 9 8 rec5t "w1 says1 9 view ( all ! circum/ances3 8,:5 we pass ! middle ( ! c5tury1 & come to ! works ( ,tatian1 ,a!nagoras1 & ,!ophilus 7) a quotation by "n7 we are out ( ! region ( controv]sy40 7,canonicity1 lxxxi47 ,!re 7 a few p]sons call$ ! ,alogi1 a nickname hav+ ! d\ble mean+ ( 8d5i]s ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,logos10 & 8m5 )\t reason10 :o d5i$ ,john's au?or%ip ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,!y 7 probably a few#i ecc5tric individuals1 :o attract$ no att5tion1 & none ( ^: names are pres]v$4 ,! fact t !y appeal$ to no tradition 9 favor ( _! views1 d5i$ ,john's au?or%ip ( ! ,apocalypse likewise1 & absurdly ascrib$ bo? to ,c]9?us1 :om no "o supposes c\ld h be5 _! au?or1 %[s t !y 7 p]sons ( no critical judgm5t4 ,!y 7 outside ( ! *ur*es ( :i* ,ju/9 wrote4 ,! reception ( ! canonical ,gospels1 to ! exclusion ( all o!rs1 0 univ]sal 9 ^? *ur*es4 #a ,n ! int]pret] ( 8,pet]'s ,gospel60 7,page #di-ej1 ,vol4 #a1 ( 8,! ,life ( ,jesus10 etc41 #ahfj74 #b ,p4 #ci ( 8,! ,sup]natural ,orig9 ( ,*ri/ianity10 7#ahgj71 by ,pr(4 ,fi%]4 #c ,p4 #ac ( 8,! ,au?or%ip ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel0 7#ahhj74 #d ,p4 #agg ( ,pr(4 ,/[e's 8,orig9 & ,hi/ory ( ! ,books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t0 7#ahfg72 ,/rauss' ,life ( ,*ri/1 p4 #eb2 ,waite's ,hi/ory1 pp4 #cjb1 #ced2 p4 #acj ( ,fi%]'s 8,sup]natural ,orig910 etc4 #e ,a fragm5t ( ?is writ+ 0 discov]$ by ! ,italian s*ol> ,muratori1 & f him is call$ ! ,muratori ,canon4 ,x is writt5 9 ,lat91 b is suppos$ to h be5 fir/ writt5 9 ,greek4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! writ+ is want+1 s t x beg9s ) ,luke1 :i* x calls ! 8,?ird book ( ! ,gospel accord+ to ,luke40 ,x 0 f\nd 9 ! ,ambrosian ,libr>y1 at ,milan1 9 a manuscript conta9+ extracts f writ+s ( ,ambrose1 ,*ryso/om1 & o!rs4 ,x pr(esses to give a li/ ( ! writ+s t are recogniz$ 9 ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,judge ,waite 7p4 #dab7 assigns ,a4,d4 #aij z its date4 ,pr(4 ,curtiss says ( x3 8,! mo/ em95t ,new ,te/am5t s*ol>s 9 ,am]ica1 ,engl& & ,g]many1 ) a few exceptions1 hold t x 0 writt5 9 ! la/ qu>t] ( ! second c5tury 7! mo/ sett+ ! date at ab\t #agj-ahj ,a4,d47 ,"s ( !m are3 ,pr(4 ,ezra ,abbot1 ( ,h>v>d ,college2 ,drs4 ,e4 ,a4 ,abbott1 ,canon ,wescott1 ,w4 ,a4 ,s&ay1 ,cr$n]1 ,weisel]1 ,bleek1 ,reuss1 ,hilg5feld1 & _m o!rs0 7,int]-,ocean1 ,febru>y #ab1 #ahha74 ,! ,fragm5t conta9s int]nal evid5ce ( ! "t :5 x 0 writt54 ,9 ref]5ce to ! 8,pa/or0 x says3 ,?is 8did ,h]mas write1 v rec5tly1 9 our times1 9 ! city ( ,rome1 :ile 8 bro!r ,bi%op ,pius sat 9 ! *air 9 ! *ur* ( ,rome40 ,n[ ,pius 0 ,bi%op f ,a4,d4 #adb to #aeg4 ,waite's ,hi/ory1 p4 #bcb4 #f ,9 reply to ,judge ,waite1 :o assign$ ,a4,d4 #baj to ,celsus1 ,pr(essor ,curtiss says t 8,dr4 ,keim1 :o belongs to ! mo/ lib]al ,g]man s*ool1 & :o made a v c>eful inve/igation ( ! subject 7,celsus ,wahres ,wort1 ,zuri*1 #ahgc71 sets ! date 9 ! ye> #agg or #agh1 ,a4,d40 ,see also ,smi? & ,wace's ,diction>y ( ,*ri/ian ,biography1 ,london1 #ahgg1 vol4 #a1 p4 #dcf2 ,fi%]1 p4 #db2 8,he>t ( ,*ri/10 by ,edmund ,h4 ,se>s1 #ahgc1 p4 #adh2 ,abbott's ,f\r? ,gospel1 etc41 p4 #eh4 ,see also ,s&ay1 p4 #bfb1 & ,canonicity1 by ,dr4 ,*>t]is1 #ahhj1 p4 #cfi4 ,orig51 9 "o place1 9 answ]+ 8 objections1 speaks ( him z 8a man long s9ce dead40 #g ,pp4 #eb-ec ( ,abbot's ,f\r? ,gospel4 #h 8,tis*5dorf's ,orig9 ( ! ,f\r ,gospels10 p4 #hi4 #i ,abbott's ,f\r? ,gospel1 pp4 #ah1 #bj2 ,fi%]1 p4 #fi4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,asc5d+ ,,! ,,/ream4 ,n[ consid] ! trem5d\s =ce ( ! prov$ fact t1 )9 =ty ye>s ( ! "t :5 ,ju/9 wrote 8 ,fir/ ,apology1 we rea* a p]iod :5 x is no long] a debatable "q :e!r our ,gospels are 8! ,memoirs0 ( ,*ri/ :i* 7 read ) ! ,prophets 9 city & c\ntry4 ,! presumption ( cont9uance atta*es4 ,x has be=e be5 prov$ beyond a reasonable d\bt t1 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & =ty1 !re 7 accept$ 8,memoirs0 ( our ,"l1 :i* 7 read ) ! ,prophets 9 all ! *ur*es4 ,!re is no evid5ce :atev] t ^? ,memoirs 9 ! int]v5+ =ty ye>s 7 dropp$ & o!rs sub/itut$ = !m2 !re=e x %\ld be presum$ t !y 7 9 ! *ur*es 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & eighty2 & ! ,memoirs 9 ! *ur*es at ?is latt] p]iod are positively kn[n & se51 to h be5 ! ,canonical ,gospels4 ,!y h come clos] to u1 & 9 ! ne>] vision we are able to det]m9e _! id5tity ) ! utmo/ c]ta9ty4 ,& ! natural presumption t !re 0 no sub/itution )9 ! %ort int]val ( =ty ye>s1 is imm5sely /r5g!n$ by ! difficulties att5d+ any attempt$ sub/itution1--difficulties s great t !y mu/ h left unmi/akable evid5ce ( conflict ^u ! page ( hi/ory4 ,! *ur*es 7 v num]\s1 & occupi$ a t]ritory ( m ?an two ?\s& miles 9 ext5t f ,syria to ,gaul4 ,ea* *ur* _h its bi%op or presbyt]1 & eld]s2 & 9 ea* *ur*1 once 9 sev5 days1 7 ! ,memoirs ( our ,"l read ) ! ,prophets4 ,!re 7 hundr$s :o1 f _! own recollections1 & ?\s&s :o1 f _! p>5ts or in/ructors1 at any giv5 "t )9 ^! =ty ye>s1 _h p]fect k :at ,memoirs 7 ?us read 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & =ty4 ,"y m5 ( tw5ty !n1 7 only sixty1 =ty ye>s lat]4 ,0 !re a sub/itution 9 ^? =ty ye>s1 & ^! bi%ops1 & eld]s1 & ?\s&s ( communicants e ,sabba? ( all ages1 n "k x2 or kn[+ x _h n object$2 or object+1 & hi/ory h no record ( x8 ,n a few ( ^! 7 educat$ m52 & inde$ all ! bi%ops & eld]s may be presum$ to h be5 z well v]s$ 9 ! accept$ ,gospels z 9 ! writ+s ( ! prophets4 ,x is to be borne 9 m9d t we are deal+ n[ ) ! "q ( sub/itution )9 ! %ort p]iod ( =ty ye>s4 ,a score ( names c be giv5 ( m5 liv+ )9 t "t or imm$iately aft]1 :o1 f _! own recollection or f o!rs1 mu/ h _h p]fect k ( ! :ole subject3 ,a!nagoras1 a philosoph] at ,a!ns ab\t ! ye> "o hundr$ & sixty2 ,caius1 a presbyt] at ,rome ab\t ! ye> two hundr$2 ,claudius ,apoll9>is1 ,bi%op ( ,hi]apolis1 cir4 #agc2 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 :o became ! head ( ! ,alex&rian ,s*ool 9 #ahg2 ,dionysius1 ,bi%op ( ,cor9?1 :o di$ a m>tyr 9 #agc2 ,hegesippus1 ! hi/orian 7^: works are n[ lo/71 :o di$ 9 #ahj2 ,h]mas1 :o 0 prom95t t[>d ! close ( ! c5tury2 ,ir5u1 ,bi%op ( ,lyons2 ,ju/9 himself1 ^: m>tyrdom 0 z late z ! ye> #afe2 ,leonides1 ! m>tyr2 ,melito1 ,bi%op ( ,s>dis2 ! _w-r5[n$ ,orig51 son ( ,leonides2 ,pantnus2 ,polyc>p2 ,polycrates1 ,bi%op ( ,ephesus2 ,po?9us ! pr$ecessor ( ,ir5u 7& ^: m>tyrdom 0 ab\t #afg72 ,s]apion1 ,bi%op ( ,antio*2 ,t]tullian1 ! eloqu5t ,roman lawy] ( ,c>?age2 ,!ophilus1 ! pr$ecessor ( ,s]apion2 & ,victor1 ,bi%op ( ,rome4 ,x may be said1 & ) tru?1 t ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 :5ev] introduc$1 came 9 n z a sub/itute1 b z a supplem5t4 ,! evid5ce1 h[ev]1 is conclusive t by ! ye> "o hundr$ & eighty1 x _h obta9$ z p]man5t a foot+ z ei!r ( ! o!r ,gospels4 ,its reception 0 z he>ty1 & ! tradition ( its au?or%ip z /rong1 z 9 respect to ! o!rs4 ,to inf] t x 0 ! =g$ product ( ! p]iod n[ "u consid]ation1 or any o!r1 is z if ,de ,soto _h conclud$ t ! mighty /ream :i* he discov]$ ha/5+ to ! ,gulf1 ) deep & rapid curr5t1 s wide t a man c\ld sc>cely be se5 f %ore to %ore1 _h its orig9 n 9 f>-(f lakes or m\nta9s1 b 9 "s mis]able crocodile swamp ( ! c\ntry he 0 trav]s+1 & b j out ( sight4 ,& :o =g$ ! ,f\r? ,gospel & impos$ x z ,john's ^u ?is score ( p]sons1 & hundr$s ( o!rs8 ,or did ^! m5 conspire toge!r1 to deceive !mselves1 ! *ur*es1 & ! _w8 ,:at "n has come d[n to u f t age1 or any o!r1 :o 0 capable ( su* an und]tak+8 ,:at =g] wrote ^? disc\rses ( ,our ,"l ) ,nicodemus8 ,or ^? ) ! wom5 ( ,sam>ia8 ,or ^? ) 8 disciples on ! eve ( 8 crucifixion8 ,or ! p>able ( ! good ,%eph]d8 ,or t memorable pray] record$ 9 ! sev5te5? ( ,john8 ,t any sane man %\ld attribute ei!r ( ^! to a crim9al =g] w\ld be incr$ible1 if we 7 n confront$ ) ! fact4 ,& :at sort ( a man 0 ?is =g] ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel8 ,we h ,baur's conception ( him z 8,a man ( rem>kable m9d1 ( an elevat$ _s1 & p5etrat$ ) a w>m ador+ fai? 9 ,*ri/ z ! ,son ( ,god & ,savi\r ( ! _w60 ,& ,baur ?9ks x easi] to believe 7)\t pro(7 9 ! exi/5ce ( ?is rem>kable g5ius & elevat$ "*1 :o w\ld inv5t fictiti\s disc\rses1 falsely attribute !m to ! ,*ri/ :om he ador$1 & =ge ! "n ( ! belov$ disciple1 ?an to believe ) ! :ole body ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 t ! disc\rses & utt]ances 7 ^? ( our ,"l6#a ,if ,john did n write ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 :o did8 ,n "o ( ^? :o d5y 8 au?or%ip1 c give an answ] to ?is "q4 ,x is no answ] to say t _m 9 ! second c5tury believ$ t ,h]mas 7:om ,paul m5tions 9 8 ,epi/le to ! ,romans71 wrote ! ,pa/or or ,%eph]d ( ,h]mas4 ,su* 0 n ! univ]sal s5tim5t4 ,! "w 0 nev] g5]ally receiv$ z ,scripture4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! au?or ( ! ,muratorian ,fragm5t1 :ile plac+ ! ,f\r ,gospels 9 ! li/ ( canonical books univ]sally receiv$1 says ( 8,! ,pa/or10 t x 0 writt5 8v rec5tly 9 our times0 by ano!r ,h]mas1 a bro!r ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome1 & t x 0 read 9 8"s ( ! *ur*es10 n z ,scripture b = 8edification10 ! same z ! ,epi/le ( ,clem5t4 ,x 0 reject$ by ,t]tullian1 n only z ,apocryphal1 b z hurtful4 ,nor is x any answ]1 to say t ! s-call$ ,epi/le ( ,b>nabas 0 e>ly attribut$ to ,b>nabas ! ,levite4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is by no means c]ta9 t ?is tradition 0 unf\nd$4 ,f ! little we "k ( ,b>nabas1 x w\ld be ra% to conclude t he c\ld n h writt5 x4 ,if un9spir$1 he may h writt5 j su* a book4 ,9 ! second place1 no "o ascrib$ x to him till ! "t ( ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 & x 0 rank$ by ,eusebius among ! 8spuri\s0 writ+s1 :i*1 h[ev] mu* kn[n & read 9 ! *ur*1 7 nev] reg>d$ z au?oritative4 ,eusebius also places ,! ,pa/or ,h]mas 9 ! li/ ( writ+s ^: au?or%ip is disput$4 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel re/s ^u an entirely diff]5t basis4 ,!re 0 b "o tradition 9 respect to x1 & f our fir/ k ( x1 x 0 reg>d$ z au?oritative1 & its au?or%ip 0 undisput$2 = ! slight exception ( ! few individuals1 call$ ! ,alogi1 is ( no acc\nt4 ,x 0 includ$ 9 ! comm5t>ies & h>monies to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made2 & su* works w\ld n h be5 writt5 until ! books ^u :i* !y 7 bas$ _h be5 long en\gh 9 ! *ur*es = a felt ne$ ( comm5t>ies ^u !m4 ,x 0 quot$ z ,scripture by ,!ophilus1 & ,john its au?or 0 expressly nam$ z mov$ by ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,9 ! ,muratori ,canon1 x 0 plac$ z ,scripture 9 ! li/ ( ,canonical books1 univ]sally receiv$4 ,& t x c\ld n h come 9 aft] ! ye> "o hundr$ & =ty1 or h be5 receiv$ unless x 0 g5u9e1 w be /ill m obvi\s f a m p>ticul> consid]ation ( "s ( ^? :o accept$ x4 ,pantnus1 :o 0 at ! head ( ! ,alex&rian s*ool 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & eighty1 0 7says ,eusebius7 di/+ui%$ = 8 le>n+4 ,be=e 8 conv]sion he 0 a ,/oic philosoph]4 ,aft] t1 & be=e he became ! head ( ! ,cate*etical s*ool1 he travel$ ext5sively z an ,evangeli/4 ,he w5t z f> z ! ,indies1 :]e he f\nd t ! ,apo/le ,b>?olomew1 :o _h prec$$ him1 _h left ! ,gospel ( ,mat!w 9 ,hebrew4 ,pantnus c\ld n h be5 ignorant ( ! 8,memoirs10 :i* 7 accept$ 9 ,ju/9's "t1 & he liv$ until ! ye> two hundr$ & twelve4 ,we h no direct evid5ce f him2 b ,clem5t1 8 pupil & successor1 & not$ = 8 le>n+1 c\ld n h be5 ignorant ( ! op9ions ( ,pantnus2 & f ,clem5t !re is ! /ronge/ te/imony4 ,he fl\ri%$ betwe5 ,a4,d4 #afe & #bbj1 & became head ( ! ,alex&rian ,s*ool 9 ,a4,d4 #ahg4 ,orig51 8 successor1 ) 8 great g5ius & acquirem5ts1 & ext5sive travel1 & f 8 fa!r ,leonides1 & 8 pr$ecessors ,clem5t & ,pantnus1 mu/ h be5 fully in=m$ ( ! 8,memoirs0 :i* 7 9 ! *ur*es 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & =ty4 ,& he says1 t he has 8und]/ood f tradition1 respect+ ! ,f\r ,gospels1 :i* are ! only undisput$ ones 9 ! :ole *ur* ( ,god ?r\gh\t ! _w10 t ! fir/ 0 by ,mat!w1 ! second by ,m>k1 8:o compos$ x z ,pet] expla9$ to him10 ! ?ird by ,luke1 ! companion ( ,paul1 & 8la/ ( all0 ,john 8:o recl9$ ^u ! brea/ ( ,jesus10 has left "o ,gospel1 9 :i* he confesses t he c\ld write s _m t ! :ole _w c\ld n conta9 !m4 ,t]tullian1 ! celebrat$ lawy]1 says1 8,( ! ,apo/les1 ,john & ,mat!w publi%$ ! fai? to u40 ,9 def5d+ ! ,gospel ( ,luke aga9/ ! mutilation ( ! h]etic ,m>cion1 he positively affirms t all ! *ur*es f\nd$ by ! ,apo/les accept$1 n ,m>cion's abridgm5t ( ,luke1 b a well-kn[n =m :i* _h be5 8receiv$ f its fir/ publication20 & t ! o!r ,gospels _h be5 receiv$ f ! same s\rces 9 au!nticat$ copies4 8,9 8 abundant writ+s10 says ,norton1#b 8!re is n a *apt] 9 ! ,gospels ( ,mat!w1 ,luke & ,john1 f :i* he does n quote10 & f mo/ ( !m 8 quotations are num]\s4 ,t]tullian 0 born at ,c>?age ab\t ,a4,d4 #afj1 & f 8 conv]sion1 ab\t ! ye> "o hundr$ & eighty-five1 he ent]$ ) great e>ne/ness & ability into a v9dication ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! discussion ( v>i\s que/ions connect$ ) x4 ,?is able advocate c\ld n h be5 mis9=m$ ( ! usages ( ! *ur*es less ?an half a c5tury previ\s to ! "t :5 he ent]$ ^u 8 "w4 ,! evid5ce ( ,ir5u is /ill m conclusive4 ,he 0 born 9 ,syria ab\t ,a4,d4 #abj1 & he 0 !re=e tw5ty ye>s old :5 ,ju/9 wrote4 ,8 tea*] 0 ,polyc>p1 ,bi%op ( ,smyrna1 & 8 imm$iate pr$ecessor at ,lyons 0 ,po?9us4 ,polyc>p1 at 8 m>tyrdom1 0 ask$ to save 8 life by d5y+ ,*ri/4 8,no10 he said1 8eighty & six ye>s h ,i s]v$ him & he nev] did me any injury2 h[1 !n1 c ,i blaspheme my ,k+ & my ,savi\r80 ,po?9us1 at 8 m>tyrdom1 cir4 #agg1 0 m ?an n9ety ye>s old4 ,! lives ( ^! two m5 rea*$ f> back into ! fir/ c5tury4 ,!y 7 at1 or pa/1 middle life :5 ,ju/9 wrote1 & presbyt]s ( important *ur*es2 & x is utt]ly incr$ible t !y %\ld n h kn[n :at 8,memoirs0 7 read 9 _! *ur*es 9 ,ju/9's "t4 ,& x is equally incr$ible t ,ir5u1 ! disciple ( ! "o & ! imm$iate successor 9 (fice ( ! o!r1 & himself tw5ty ye>s old :5 ,ju/9 wrote1 %\ld n h be5 z well in=m$ ^u ?is subject4 ,yet ,ir5u quotes#c f our ,gospels & ,acts1 z ,scripture1 ascribes _! au?or%ip to ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john1 & says t su* 0 ! accept$ tradition 9 all ! *ur*es4 ,aft] ref]r+ to ! o!rs1 he says ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel3 8,aft]w>ds ,john1 ! disciple ( our ,"l1 ! same t lay ^u 8 bosom1 also publi%$ ! ,gospel :ile he 0 yet at ,ephesus1 9 ,asia0 7,eu4 v4 #h74 ,& aga9#d3 8,all ! ,eld]s te/ify1 :o 7 conv]sant ) ,john1 ! disciple ( our ,"l1 9 ,asia1 t he deliv]$ ^! ?+s40 ,ab\t ,a4,d4 #ahj1 9 a treatise aga9/ h]etics1 he appeals to ! canonical ,gospels ) z mu* confid5ce t !y are all well kn[n & accept$ by ,*ri/ians1 z any w\ld d at ! pres5t day4 ,tis*5dorf#e says ! numb] ( passages :]e ,ir5u has rec\rse to ! ,gospels is ab\t f\r hundr$1 & ab\t eighty ( ^! 9 ,john4 ,s&ay#e e/imates ! quotations f ,john 9 ?is treatise at sev5ty-?ree4 ,b ,clem5t1 & ,orig51 & ,pantnus1 & ,polyc>p1 & ,po?9us1 & ,t]tullian1 7 n bett] in=m$ ^u ?is subject ?an ,s]apion1 :o s promptly suppress$ ! h]etical ,gospel ( ,pet]1 or ?an ,!ophilus1 8 imm$iate successor1 :o 0 ! fir/ aft] ,papias 7o!r ?an ! au?or ( ! ,muratorian ,fragm5t7 to m5tion any ( ! f\r ,gospels by "n1 or ?an ! au?or ( ?is ,fragm5t1 or ?an _m intellig5t (fic]s & memb]s ( ! num]\s *ur*es f ! ,euphrates to ! ,se9e4 ,) su* evid5ce & f su* s\rces1 & ! entire abs5ce ( any evid5ce ( sub/itution1 x may well be reg>d$ z morally c]ta91 t none occurr$4 ,:at 0 probable1 f ! seem+ use ( ! ,canonical ,gospels by ,ju/9 & 8 contempor>ies1 has become a moral c]ta9ty4 ,! ,memoirs :i*1 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & eighty1 7 univ]sally accept$1 7 ! same t =ty ye>s be=e 7 read ) ! ,prophets1 9 city & c\ntry1 9 all ! *ur*es e ,sabba? day4 ,( ?is !re c be no d\bt4 ,! ,memoirs ( ! ye> "o hundr$ & eighty1 7 ,,our ,,canonical ,,gospels2 & ! ,memoirs ( ! ye> "o hundr$ & =ty1 7 ,,our ,,canonical ,,gospels4 ,& we take our /& ) ,ju/91 ) ^! ,gospels 9 our h&s1 only =ty ye>s f ! dea? ( ,john1 ! belov$ disciple1 & at ! close ( a hundr$ ye>s f ! crucifixion ( our ,"l4 ,& /ill we asc5d ! /ream4 #a ,wright's ,logic1 etc41 p4 #ahg1 ,tis*5dorf1 p4 #dc4 #b ,norton's ,g5u95ess ( ! ,gospels1 etc41 ,"p ,,ii4 c4 #a2 ,wright1 p4 #ahg4 #c ,wright1 pp4 #ahh1 #ahi1 ,tis*5dorf1 p4 #ce4 #d ,/[e's ,orig91 etc41 p4 #agf4 #e ,orig91 etc41 p4 #ce2 ,wright1 p4 #ahi4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,/ill ,,asc5d+ ,,! ,,/ream4 ,! evid5ce ?us f> has prov$ beyond a reasonable d\bt t at ! writ+ ( ,ju/9's ,fir/ ,apology1 ! ,canonical ,gospels 7 read ) ! ,prophets 9 city & c\ntry1 on 8! day call$ ,sunday10 z au!ntic ,memoirs ( our ,"l4 ,assum+ ! date#a ( ?is ,apology to h be5 ,a4,d4 #ach or #aci1 ! "t 0 a little ov] "o hundr$ ye>s f ! ,crucifixion1 & less ?an eighty ye>s f ! dea? ( ,m>k & ,luke1 & all ! ,apo/les o!r ?an ,john1 & only =ty ye>s f 8 dea?4 ,h[ long 7 ^! p]iods z !y affect ! argum5t f ! univ]sal reception ( ! ,gospels 9 ,ju/9's "t1 & f ! univ]sal tradition 9 _! favor :i* accompani$ su* reception8 ,! writ] has )9 two days 79 ,april1 #ahha7 met ) ?ree p]sons :o saw ,lafayette on 8 visit to ,new ,engl& 9 #ahbd4 ,"o ( !m di/9ctly rememb]s ! s5tim5t#b :i* ,lafayette gave at ,concord1 & ano!r %ook h&s ) him4 ,!re 7 hundr$s ( ,revolution>y soldi]s pres5t1 "s ( :om ! ,g5]al recogniz$ & call$ by "n1 al?\gh he _h n se5 _! faces = m ?an =ty ye>s4 ,?is 0 9 #ahbd4 ,:itti]'s poem describes "o ( ^! soldi]s1 z he n[ rememb]s him1 at ! "t ( ,monroe's t\r 9 #ahag1 sixty-f\r ye>s ago3 8,once a soldi]1 blame him n1 ,t ! ,quak] he =got1 ,:5 to ?9k ( battles won1 ,& ! r$ coats on ! run1 ,laugh$ al\d ,fri5d ,morrison40 ,& ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry !re are ?\s&s n[ liv+,a :o well knew m5 :o 7 9 active life dur+ ! ,w> ( ! ,revolution4 ,9 ! ,granite ,mon?ly = ,decemb]1 #ahhj1 0 publi%$ ! ,di>y ( ,rev4 ,timo?y ,walk] ( ,concord1 = ! ye> #aghj1 & !re 7 e>li] ,di>ies kept by him :i* h be5 pres]v$ by 8 desc5dants4 ,! ,di>y ( ,mat!w ,patt5 ( ,b$=d1 f #agej to #agij1 is 9 ! cu/ody ( ,*>les ,h4 ,woodbury1 ,esq41 ( ,new ,york4 ,! ,congregational *ur* at ,concord1 ( :i* ,timo?y ,walk] 0 ! fir/ pa/or1 ,novemb]1 #ahhj1 celebrat$ its "o hundr$ & fiftie? anniv]s>y4 ,!re are sev]al t[ns 9 ,new ,hamp%ire1 z ,londond]ry1 ,dov]1 ,exet] & ,portsm\?1 t 7 settl$ e>li] ?an ,concord2 & "s ( !m z e>ly z #afbc4 ,! l&+ ( ! ,pilgrims 0 two hundr$ & sixty ye>s ago4 ,x seems b z ye/]day4 ,a c5tury f ! ,crucifixion 0 no long] ?an a c5tury n[2 & z an ev5t1 to be rememb]$1 ! ,crucifixion 0 z mu* great] ?an ! ,l&+ ( ! ,pilgrims z ! glory ( ! noonday sun is above t ( ! feeble/ /> 9 ! mo/ di/ant heav5s4 ,! "t t has elaps$ s9ce ,timo?y ,walk] wrote ,di>ies :i* are n[ 9 exi/5ce is z long z f ! ,crucifixion to ,ju/9's ,apology2 m ?an ?irty ye>s long] ?an f ! m>tyrdom ( ,pet] & ,paul to ,ju/9's ,apology2 & sixty ye>s long] ?an f ,john's dea? to ,ju/9's ,apology4 ,! *ur*es 9 ,ju/9's "t 7 n deal+ ) writ+s f a dim & mi/y pa/1 or ( limit$ or infrequ5t use4 ,none 7 z anci5t z ,walk]'s ,di>y2 ! la/ _h n se5 half its ye>s2 !y 7 9 all ! *ur*es1 & read e ,sabba? day4 ,! argum5t :i* proves t !re 0 no sub/itution betwe5 #adj & #ahj is z mu* m =cible to prove t !re 0 no sub/itution betwe5 ! ye>s #ajj & #adj1 or betwe5 ! ye>s #fj & #ajj1 z ^? times 7 ne>] ! great ev5ts :i* ! ,gospels record$4 ,if1 = example1 !re 7 accept$ ,memoirs ( our ,"l 9 ! *ur*es 9 ! ye> #ajj1 f ! presum$ cont9uance ( a /ate ( ?+s ! exi/5ce ( :i* has be5 prov$1#c x %\ld be presum$ t !y rema9$ 9 ! *ur*es till ,ju/9's "t1 !re be+ no evid5ce to ! contr>y4 ,& s !re w\ld be ! same 7or great]7 difficulties 9 ! way ( displacem5t & sub/itution1 betwe5 ! ye> #ajj & ! ye> #adj1 z betwe5 ! ye> #adj & ! ye> #ahj4 ,ju/9 & 8 contempor>ies _h f _! own recollection1#d or f o!rs1 :e!r p>5ts1 tea*]s1 presbyt]s or bi%ops1 z great facilities = kn[+ :at ,memoirs 7 accept$ 9 ! *ur*es =ty ye>s be=e1 z _h ,ir5u & 8 contempor>ies 9 respect to ! p]iod ( =ty ye>s be=e "o hundr$ & eighty4 ,& !re 0 a succession & cont9u$ life 9 ! *ur*es f #ajj to #adj1 ! same z f #adj to #ahj4 ,?is reason+ is applicable to ,clem5t & 8 contempor>ies1 & %[s t ,memoirs :i* 7 9 ! *ur*es 9 ! ye> #ajj c\ld n h displac$ accept$ & g5]ally receiv$ ,memoirs ( any previ\s p]iod4 ,we "k f ! ,epi/le ( ,clem5t1 z cle>ly z f ,ju/9's ,apology1 h[ ,*ri/ians lov$ & ador$ _! ,div9e ,"l & ,ma/]1 & h[ /rongly atta*$ !y mu/ h be5 to any ,memoirs ( him1 :i* !y accept$ z au!ntic4 ,& ! te/imony ( ,pl9y is1 t ,*ri/ians 9 8 day 7 accu/om$ to meet be=e daybreak & s+ a responsive hymn to ,*ri/ z ,god4 ,x is utt]ly incr$ible t accept$ ,memoirs ( ,*ri/1 ?us wor%ipp$1 %\ld h be5 ?r[n aside by presbyt]s or bi%ops1 & hundr$s ( *ur*es1 ?r\gh\t ! ,roman ,empire1 )\t a %ock t w\ld h left unmi/akable evid5ces ( x 9 hi/ory4 ,!re be+ an entire abs5ce ( any evid5ce ( displacem5t & sub/itution1 x is morally c]ta9 !re 0 none4 ,john's ,gospel1 h[ev]1 /&s ^u a diff]5t foot+1 s9ce x came 9 n to displace1 b to supplem5t4 ,john liv$ to ! close ( ! fir/ c5tury4 ,:o d>$ to =ge a spuri\s ,gospel 9 8 "n1 s soon aft] 8 dea? t x _h obta9$ su* a foot+ 9 ! *ur*es1 at ! end ( =ty ye>s1 z to be quot$ z 8 production8 ,:o1 dur+ t p]iod1 0 capable ( compos+ x8 ,& h[ 7 hundr$s ( presbyt]s or bi%ops1 & *ur*es1 f ,syria to ,gaul1 p]suad$ to receive a spuri\s ,gospel1 z ! g5u9e "w ( ! belov$ disciple :o 0 9 life )9 ! p]sonal#d recollections ( _m8 ,x is a fact to be emphasiz$1 t nei!r ?is ,gospel1 nor ! o!rs1 c be assail$ on hi/orical or traditional gr\nds4 ,!re is b "o hi/ory or tradition conc]n+ !m4 ,! objections to !m are ei!r negative or speculative1 m]e assumptions1 n support$ by any hi/ory or tradition4 ,! fir/ use ( ! f\r ,gospels ( :i* !re is any hi/ory1 is 9 /atem5ts ( facts f\nd to be record$ 9 !m1 & 9 quotations ( tea*+s ( ,*ri/1 correspond+ ) !m4 ,! fir/ description ( !m aft] ,papias1 is t ( 8,memoirs0 ( ,*ri/1 8drawn up0 by ,apo/les & companions ( ,apo/les4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( !m by ! names ( ! writ]s1 ascribes _! au?or%ip to ! m5 ^: names !y n[ be>4 ,!re is no hi/ory or tradition ( a "t :5 ! fir/ ,gospel 0 ascrib$ to any b ,mat!w1 or ! second to any b ,m>k1 or ! f\r? to any b ,john#e1 or ! ?ird1 ) ,acts1 to any b ,luke4 ,! /&+ objection t none ( !m is m5tion$ by "n till ! "t ( ,!ophilus1 & ,ir5u1 & ! writ] ( ! ,muratori ,canon1 is n ( ! slighte/ consequ5ce z oppos+ evid5ce4 ,=1 if ^! ,gospels 7 n m5tion$ by "n1 nei!r 7 any#f o!rs2 & surely we are n expect$ to believe t !re 7 no orig9als1 f :i* ! _m quotations1 f ,clem5t ( ,rome1 9 ! ye> #ig1 d[n1 7 tak54 ,?is objection proves too mu*4 ,= x proves1 if x proves any?+1 t !re 7 no ,gospels or writ+s to answ] to ! quotations1 :i*1 "u ! circum/ances1 is a palpable absurdity4 ,besides1 x is n true 9 respect to ! ,fir/ & ,second ,gospels1 = ,papias1 c]ta9ly z e>ly z ! middle ( ! second c5tury1 & probably be=e ! ye> #adj1 gave ! names ( ,mat!w & ,m>k respectively1 z _! au?ors1 ! latt] be+ 8! int]pret] ( ,pet]40 #a ,judge ,waite controv]ts ! g5]ally receiv$ op9ion ( ! date ( ,ju/9's ,fir/ ,apology4 ,v]issimus became ,cs> 9 #aci1 b he is n address$ z ,cs>1 b z 8philosoph]40 ,9 reply to ?is1 ,mr4 ,waite says1 t ! same is true ( ! ,second ,apology1 8:i* is admitt$ by all to h be5 writt5 aft] #aci40 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is consid]able unc]ta9ty :i* ( ! ,apologies 0 fir/ writt51 & "s critics ma9ta9 t :at is call$ ! ,second 0 a preface to ! ,fir/1 & o!rs /ill t x 0 a cont9uation ( ! ,fir/4 7,see introductory notice to ,vol4 ,,ii4 ( ! ,a4 ,n4 ,c4 ,l47 ,9 ! second place1 ! address to ,urbicus 9 ! s-call$ ,second ,apology1 0 n by ,ju/94 ,he only gives x z ! language ( "o ,lucius1 9 n>rat+ an occurr5ce :i*1 = aught t appe>s1 may h tak5 place be=e ! ye> #aci4 ,mr4 ,waite also says t ,ju/9 w\ld be b tw5ty-five ye>s ( age 9 #aci4 ,he might h writt5 8 ,apology 9 #aci1 nev]!less4 ,& !re are _m :o put 8 bir? e>li] ?an ! ye> #aad1 & "s z e>ly z ! ye> #he4 ,!re are no c]ta9 data by :i* to det]m9e ! "t ( 8 bir?4 ,aga9 he says t ,m>cion did n come to ,rome till ab\t #adj1 & t ,ju/9 7c4 #bf7 ref]s to him z be+ 8ev5 at ?is day alive1 & tea*+ 8 disciples to believe 9 "s ,god great] ?an ! ,creator40 ,b ,ju/9 meant to express 8 abhorr5ce ( 8 doctr9es4 ,he ref]s to him z 8a man ( ,pontus10 & aga9 79 c4 #eh7 z 8,m>cion ( ,pontus10 & says ! devils put him =w>d4 ,he n[h]e describes him z be+ ( ,rome or at ,rome4 ,9 8 ext5sive travels he d\btless knew ( him :ile he 0 at ,pontus4 ,judge ,waite also says t1 if 9 ! ye> #aci1 ,ju/9 w\ld h said t ,*ri/ 0 born #adj ye>s ago1 in/ead ( #aej4 ,b correct+ ! error = ! beg9n+ ( our ,era1 ! "t w\ld h be5 ,a4,d4 #adf1 or #add1 z we all[ f\r or six ye>s = ! error1 & ,ju/91 us+ r\nd numb]s1 w\ld m naturally h tak5 ! long] p]iod4 ,!re is no?+ !re=e 9 ,judge ,waite's argum5ts to *ange ! op9ion 9 :at he conc$es to be 8! v valuable ,encyclop$ia ( ,mc,clintock & ,/rong10 & ( ,page1 ,ne&]1 ,lemis*1 ,rob]ts & ,donaldson1 ,se>s1 ,fi%]1 ,eusebius1 7c4 #h7 & _m o!rs1 assign+ ! ye> #aci4 ,see also ,canonicity1 by ,dr4 ,*>t]is 7#ahhj7 p4 lv4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n ess5tial to ! argum5t f ! ,fir/ ,apology1 :e!r x 0 writt5 9 ! ye> #aci1 or #add1 or #adf1 or ev5 #aej ( our ,era4 ,by z mu* z x l5g!ns ! p]iod f ! dea? ( ,john to ! date ( ! ,fir/ ,apology1 x %ort5s ! "t betwe5 t date & ! ye> #ahj4 #b 8,! memories ( ,light ,infantry ,poor & ,yorkt[n ,scammel40 ,a ,rev4 ,simeon ,p>melee1 ,d4,d41 celebrat$ 8 "o hundr$? bir?day at ! h\se ( 8 son-9-law ,hon4 ,e4 ,j4 ,hamilton1 ex-mayor ( ! city ( ,oswego1 ,n4 ,y41 ,jan4 #af1 #ahhb4 ,8 intellect 0 cle>1 & to ^? :o call$ he _h an ev] ready response1 & repli$ happily & wittily to ! addresses4 ,he _h be5 9 ! m9i/ry f #ahjh to #ahfi1 &1 = ye>s aft]1 prea*$ occasionally4 ,8 elde/ daught] is #gb ye>s ( age1 & 8 desc5dants n[ liv+1 numb] #ec4 ,^u 8 #ij? bir?day he wrote a hymn ( consid]able m]it4 ,:5 #ajj ye>s old1 he rememb]$ ) vivid fre%ness ! ,inauguration ( ,george ,wa%+ton1 al?\gh at t "t b 9 8 #h? ye>4 ,see ,congregationali/1 ,jan4 #be1 #ahhb4 #c ,see ,phillips1 ,p>k]1 & ,gre5leaf1 z quot$ 9 c4 #h4 #d ,ju/9 9 8 ,fir/ ,apology 7c4 #ae7 ref]s to _m ( sixty or sev5ty ye>s ( age1 :o h be5 ,*ri/'s disciples f *ildhood4 #e ,pr(4 ,fi%] 7p4 #fi7 says1 t besides ! few individuals call$ ! ,alogi1 or m5 8)\t und]/&+10 !re is no allusion to ! d5ial ( ,john's au?or%ip ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel by any writ]1 be=e ! latt] "p ( ! f\r? c5tury4 #f ,z to ! controv]t$ ref]5ce 9 ,ju/9's ,apology to 8,memoirs ( ,him10 see c4 #d1 & c4 #g1 note #ad4 ,t1 if correctly int]pret$ by ,judge ,waite1 c\ld only h be5 ,m>k's ,gospel4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,9 ,,_! ,,prop] ,,repositories4 ,c]ta9 propositions h be5 e/abli%$ by facts & argum5ts t _c be successfully controv]t$3 7a7 ,! adv5t ( ,*ri/ & its /up5d\s results4 7b7 ,! =mation ( num]\s *ur*es :i* by ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury 7 9 all p>ts ( ! ,roman ,empire1 ) presbyt]s or bi%ops & eld]s 9 e *ur*1 & _m ?\s&s ( communicants4 7c7 ,!y reg>d$ him ) ! greate/ rev]5ce & affection1 obey+ 8 comm&s z _! ,"l & ,ma/]1 pay+ him div9e honors1 & = 8 sake joyfully yield+ up _! lives4 7d7 ,( 8 disciples & foll[]s1 twelve1 call$ ,apo/les1 7 und]/ood to h special au?ority f him 9 ! ,*ur*4 7e7 ,f ! nature ( ! case we %\ld look = ! reception 9 ^! num]\s *ur*es1 ( ,memoirs ( _! ,"l :i* !y w\ld deem au!ntic1 & at s e>ly a p]iod1 t !y w\ld be able to det]m9e :e!r !y 7 au!ntic or n4 7f7 ,to su* ,memoirs1 once accept$1 !y w\ld be s /rongly atta*$ t !y c\ld n be displac$ & o!rs sub/itut$ = !m1 9 hundr$s ( *ur*es 9 all ! ,roman ,empire1 )\t su* controv]sy z w\ld h left indubitable evid5ce ( x4 7g7 ,z f> back z hi/ory goes1 doctr9es#a 7 taught1 facts ass]t$1 & quotations made1 correspond+ ) ! ,canonical ,gospels1 & su* use 0 cont9u$ until a "t :5 !re is a positive id5tification ( !m by "n4 ,)9 ?is p]iod !re 0 "o writ] mak+ num]\s quotations & ref]5ces1 :o decl>$ t ! writ+s f :i* he quot$1 & to :i* he ref]r$1 7 8,memoirs0 ( ,*ri/ 8drawn up0 by ,apo/les or companions ( ,apo/les4 7h7 ,!re is no pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( writ+s o!r ?an ^? ,gospels answ]+ to 8 description1 or correspond+ ) ! quotations2 & f9ally )9 =ty ye>s ( 8 fir/ ref]5ce to ^! 8,memoirs0 !y are cle>ly se5 to be ! ,canonical ,gospels4 7i7 ,f fir/ to la/ !re is no evid5ce :atev] ( displacem5t ( ,gospels previ\sly accept$1 & ! sub/itution ( o!rs = !m 9 ! *ur*es g5]ally4 7j7 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel is ( su* a "*1 & 0 9 use s soon aft] ! dea? ( its au?or 7& :o is also /at$ z its au?or 9 ! ,gospels itself71 z to make ! idea ( attempt$ & successful =g]y 9 ! highe/ degree improbable4 7k7 ,& ^! ,gospels )9 less ?an eighty ye>s f ! dea? ( ! ,apo/les o!r ?an ,john1 & )9 =ty ye>s ( 8 dea?1 7 read ) ! ,prophets 9 ! *ur*es1 9 city & c\ntry1 e ,"l's day1 & accept$ z ,apo/olic4 7l7 ,f ! e>lie/ p]iod !y 7 :]e !y %\ld be if au!ntic1 & :]e !y c\ld n h be51 unless accept$ z au!ntic4 ,"s illu/rations h already be5 giv5 9 *apt] elev5 ( ! brief int]val betwe5 ! ,apo/les & ,ju/9 ,m>tyr4 ,let any intellig5t read] ( sixty1 f 8 own recollection1 or any "y p]son1 f ! recollections ( o!rs ) :om he is acqua9t$1 det]m9e = himself4 ,! writ] 0 admitt$ to ! ,b> almo/ =ty ye>s ago2 he has )9 a few mon?s se5 an orig9al de$#b ( l& 9 ,londond]ry 7! home ( 8 ance/ors7 execut$ "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago2 he has 9 8 possession c]tifi$ copies ( c]tificates ( m>riages & bir?s1 9 8 own g5ealogical record--go+ back f "o to two hundr$ ye>s1 9 "o in/ance two hundr$ & ?irty ye>s1 & ^! c]tificates w\ld be receiv$ z evid5ce 9 any ,c\rt4 ,!y w\ld be receiv$1 because made by ! prop] cu/odian ( public docum5ts1 f\nd 9 ! prop] repository = !m4 ,! presumption ( law 9 su* case is ! judgm5t ( *>ity4 ,x presumes t docum5ts f\nd 9 _! prop] repository1 & n be>+ m>ks ( =g]y1 are g5u9e4 ,a de$ =ty ye>s old1 foll[$ by a possession agree+ ) x1 is admitt$ 9 evid5ce )\t o!r pro( ( its execution4 ,our ,gospels 9 ,ju/9's "t 7 :]e !y %\ld h be51 if au!ntic4 ,! ,*ur* 0 ! prop] repository = au!ntic ,memoirs ( its ,f\nd]4 ,our ,gospels 7 !re4 ,!y 7 9 _! prop] repository4 ,& ^u e pr9ciple t rules 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice1 or 9 ! common affairs ( life1 x mu/ be presum$ t !y 7 rightfully !re4 ,_! rejection is n 8! judgm5t ( *>ity40 ,x rev]ses ! maxim t fraud is n to be presum$4 ,x *>ges =g]y1 ( :i* !re is no evid5ce1 ^u p]sons :om x f9ds x impossible to discov] & id5tify4 ,x imputes ignorance & indiff]5ce to multitudes :o _h e opportunity = kn[+ ! tru?1 & :o 7 will+ to suff] all ?+s = _! convictions ( ! tru?4 ,x presses1 z ( vital consequ5ce1 trivial objections & alleg$ errors 9 *ronology1 geography & hi/ory1 :i* 7if made out7 w\ld n = a mom5t be ?\ght suffici5t to successfully impugn ! au!nticity ( any secul> "w z well support$ by ext]nal evid5ce4 ,x is unnecess>y to fur!r consid] su* objections4#c ,x is no exagg]ation to say1 t ! v>i\s !ories & speculations ( ^? :o d5y ! g5u95ess ( ! ,gospels are1 9 ! ma91 b +5i\s attempts at ! solution ( ! problem3 8,giv51 ! impossibility ( miracles1 :at may be suppos$ to be ! true hi/ory ( ,jesus ,*ri/80 ,! only consi/5t answ] t c\ld be made1 w\ld be t ^u su* an hypo!sis1 x is impossible to det]m9e :at 0 8 life or "*4 ,b1 giv51 ! possibility ( miracles 7& if !re is a ,god !y mu/ be possible71 !re is no reasonable d\bt ( ! au!nticity ( ! ,gospels1 & ! book ( ,acts4 ,!y come to u f _! prop] repositories1 & mu/ be presum$ to be rightfully !re4 ,!y are prov$ to h be5 9 ^? repositories )9 b a %ort p]iod f ! dea? ( ! ,apo/les4 ,!y 7 accept$ z ,apo/olic1 & z hav+ be5 drawn up by ,apo/les or companions ( ,apo/les4 ,if su* und\bt$ reception1 & use1 & tradition1 at s e>ly a p]iod1 & !nce until n[1 _c be tru/$1 no cr$it c be giv5 to any writ+s or hi/ory f anci5t times4 ,!y c be tru/$4 ,! /ream :i* eighte5 hundr$ ye>s ago 0 issu+ f ,apo/olic times & ! hills ( ,pale/9e1 has fl[$ onw>d1 enri*+ & bless+ ! nations4 #a ,mr4 ,waite assumes t ,clem5t did n hold to a lit]al resurrection4 ,clem5t's language admits ( no su* con/ruction1 al?\gh 9 writ+ to ,*ri/ians :o und]/ood all ab\t x1 he 0 n z def9ite ^u ?is po9t1 z ,ju/9 9 8 address to a diff]5t class4 ,clem5t ref]s to ! resurrection 9 c4 #bd3 8,let u consid]1 belov$1 h[ ! ,"l cont9ually proves to u t !re %all be a future resurrection1 ( :i* he has r5d]$ ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ ! fir/ fruits by rais+ him f ! dead40 ,& aga9 9 c4 #db1 aft] say+ t ! ,apo/les 7 commission$1 he adds3 8,hav+ !re=e1 receiv$ _! ord]1 & be+ fully assur$ by ! resurrection ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 & e/abli%$ 9 ! ,^w ( ,god1 ) full assurance ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 !y w5t =? proclaim+ t ! k+dom ( ,god 0 at h&40 ,! =ce ( ?is language is n controll$ by any means1 by ref]5ce to ! day's foll[+ ! night1 & ! spr++ up ( ! fruits ( ! e>?1 f ! s[+ ( ! se$4 #b ,! de$ dat$ ,june #af1 #agca1 0 by ,david ,morrison1 "o ( ! grantees 9 ! ,*>t] ( ,londond]ry ( #agbb1 to 8 bro!r-9-law1 ,david ,mc,alister4 ,?is de$ ) ano!r f ! same grantor to ,william ,mc,alister dat$ ,febru>y #bd1 #agdf1 are n[ 9 ! possession ( ,jona?an ,mc,alister1 ,esq41 a desc5dant ( ,david & an own] ( ! orig9al grant$ l&4 #c ,"o o!r correction %\ld be made4 ,judge ,waite arbitr>ily assigns ,c]9?us to ! ye> #ade4 ,he gives no reason or au?ority = x4 ,x is ! te/imony ( all antiquity t ,c]9?us 0 contempor>y ) ! ,apo/le ,john1 & t ,john di$ ab\t ! ye> #ajj4 ,ir5u1 ^u ! au?ority ( ,polyc>p1 says t ,john1 be+ ab\t to ent] a ba? & f9d+ ,c]9?us )91 drew back say+3 8,let u ev5 be gone le/ ! ba? %\ld fall to pieces1--,c]9?us1 t enemy ( ! tru?1 be+ )940 ,see ,vol4 ,,ii41 ,encyclop$ia ( ,mc,clintock & ,/rong1 p4 #aij4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,integrity ,,( ,,! ,,gospels4 ,z /at$ 9 =m] *apt]s1 ?is is to be presum$ till ! contr>y is %[n4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 /rong confirmation f _m s\rces4 ,fir/4--,! writ+s ( ! ,apo/olic ,fa!rs pres5t to our view ! ,*ri/ ( ! ,gospels1 9 8 adv5t & life1 m9i/ry & tea*+1 dea? & resurrection4 ,9 p>ticul>1 8 resurrection f ! dead is cit$ by ,clem5t 7,a4,d4 #ig7 z an e>ne/ ( t ( 8 foll[]s1 & z a pro( t he came =? f ,god4 ,! greate/ ( miracles1 & ! c5tral fact ( ,*ri/ianity1 appe>s 9 ! e>lie/ writ+s 7outside ( ! ,new ,te/am5t71 ! date ( :i* c be det]m9$4 ,judge ,waite1 9 8 8wond]ful hundr$#a ye>s ( sil5ce by ,*ri/ian writ]s0 conc]n+ ! miracles ( ,*ri/1 is oblivi\s ( :at he _h be=e /at$1 t aside f ! ,gospels1 !re are left ( ! fir/ c5tury 8only ! ,epi/les ( ,paul1 ! "o ,epi/le ( ,clem5t ( ,rome1 "s slight notices by ,jewi% & hea!n writ]s1 & ! few leg5ds & traditions pres]v$ 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,fa!rs40 ,su* an argum5t f sil5ce1 :]e !re are no writ+s extant1 is n befitt+ a judge4 ,second4--,! e>lie/ quotations sub/antially agree ) ! ,canonical ,gospels4 ,"s ( ^? by ,ju/9 ,m>tyr h be5 giv5 9 *apt]s five & six1 & ^? by ,clem5t may be f\nd 9 ! ,note4#b ,^! quotations by ,apo/olic & ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs1 af=d ample#c means = comp>ison1 & no v>iations appe> to indicate any *anges to affect ! "* or tea*+s ( our ,"l4 ,pr(essor ,fi%] says#d ( ,ju/9's ref]5ces1 t !y embrace 8n m0 ?an two say+s ( ,jesus t h n sub/antial p>allels 9 ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,! fir/ is1 8,9 :at ?+s ,i %all appreh5d y1 9 ^! w ,i judge y10 :i* is f\nd also 9 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 & ,hippolytus4 ,! second is1 8,!re %all be s*isms & h]esies10 a pr$iction ref]r$ also to ,*ri/ by ,t]tullian4 ,^! say+s may h come f tradition4 ,x seems n improbable t !y 7 curr5t expressions1 embody+ :at ,jesus taught#e respect+ ! /&>d by :i* m5 %all be judg$ accord+ to ! light :i* !y h receiv$1 & divisions 9 ! same h\sehold4 7,see cc4 #f to #h ante74 ,?ird4--,! facts 9 ,*ri/'s hi/ory ref]r$ to by ! ,fa!rs1 ) v r>e exceptions 7! mo/ ( :i* 7 /at$ & expla9$ 9 *apt] sev571 correspond ) ! ,evangeli/s4 ,! exceptional facts are su* z w\ld naturally h be5 d]iv$ f tradition1 & !y 9 no way *ange ! life or "* ( our ,"l z !y appe> 9 ! ,gospels4 ,! m>vel is1 t !y %\ld be s few & unimportant1 consid]+ t "s ( ! writ]s liv$ at a "t :5#f 8tradition>y rem9isc5ces mu/ h possess$ all _! fre%ness40 ,f\r?4--,m>cion's ,gospel 7writt5 z e>ly z ! ye> #ade71 except 9 int5tional omissions & mutilations1 = :i* he 0 %>ply call$ to an acc\nt by ,t]tullian1 pres5ts a sub/antial agreem5t ) ,luke's ,gospel4 ,judge ,waite claims t x 0 e>li] ?an ,luke's2 b ! almo/ unanim\s v]dict ( s*ol>s is aga9/ him4 ,inde$1 ,pr(essor ,fi%]1 9 ! ,m>* numb] ( ! ,pr9ceton ,review = #ahha 7p4 #bag71 says3 8,t ,m>cion's ,gospel 0 an abridgm5t ( our ,luke is n[ conc$$ on all h&s1 ev5 by ! au?or ( #8,sup]natural ,religion4' ,dr4 ,s&ay has n only demon/rat$ ?is by a l+ui/ic argum5t1 b has prov$ by a comp>ison ( texts t ! ,gospel ( ! ,canon mu/ h be5 = "s "t 9 use1 & h atta9$ to a consid]able circulation1 be=e ,m>cion appli$ to x 8 prun+-knife4 ,!re is no reason to d\bt t he took = 8 purpose a ,gospel ( e/abli%$ au?ority 9 ! ,*ur*40 ,pr(essor ,curtiss also says t 8! weight ( s*ol>%ip is ov]:elm+ly 9 favor ( ! priority ( ,luke40 ,& he quotes f ! la/ edition ( ! 8,sup]natural ,religion10 ! admission ref]r$ to by ,pr(essor ,fi%]4 ,its anonym\s au?or says t ,dr4 ,s&ay's v able exam9ation 8has conv9c$ u t our e>li] hypo!sis is unt5able2 t ! portions ( our ?ird ,synoptic1 exclud$ f ,m>cion's ,gospel1 7 really writt5 by ! same p5 :i* compos$ ! mass ( ! "w2 &1 consequ5tly1 t our ?ird ,synoptic exi/$ 9 8 "t1 & 0 sub/antially 9 ! h&s ( ,m>cion40 ,dr4 ,s&ay#g %[s1 z he expresses x1 t ,m>cion's ,gospel /&s to ,luke's 8entirely 9 ! relation ( defect4 ,we may say entirely1 = ! additions are s insignificant--"s ?irty words 9 all1 & ^? = ! mo/ "p support$ by o!r au?ority--t = practical purposes !y are n to be reckon$4 ,) ! exception ( ^! ?irty words ins]t$1 & also "s slight alt]ations ( phrase1 ,m>cion's ,gospel pres5ts simply an abridgm5t ( our ,/4 ,luke40 ,t ,m>cion's ,gospel 0 n "o ( ,ju/9's 8,memoirs10 is pla9 f 8 call+ him a wolf1#g 8s5t =? by ! devil40 ,al?\gh ,m>cion's ,gospel is n 9 exi/5ce1 except z reproduc$ f ! works ( ,t]tullian & ,epiphanius1 its agreem5t ) ,luke 7) ! exceptions :i* !y po9t$ out7 becomes important evid5ce t ,luke is to-day z x 0 9 ! ye> "o hundr$ & =ty-five4 ,fif?4--,our ,gospels & ,acts be=e ! close ( ! second c5tury ( our era 7 translat$ into o!r languages1 & ! ,syriac1 ,coptic & ,lat9 v]sions :i* h come d[n to u ) "s imp]fections & slight v>iations1 are 9 sub/antial agreem5t ) our pres5t v]sion 9 all t is mat]ial4 ,a translation ( a giv5 date presumably repres5ts a text ( great] age ?an itself4 ,h5ce ! manuscripts f :i* ^! translations 7 made 7 old] ?an ! ye> two hundr$1 & probably old] ?an ! ye> "o hundr$ & fifty4 ,six?4--,! e>ly & cont9u$ multiplication ( copies af=ds /rong evid5ce4 ,^? :o copi$ f orig9als deem$ au!ntic w\ld c]ta9ly endeavor to make exact copies4 ,z ^! ,memoirs 7 read 9 all ! *ur*es1 &1 d\btless1 9 ,*ri/ian families & ,*ri/ian s*ools1 !y soon became v num]\s4 ,!re 0 frat]nal int]c\rse betwe5 ! *ur*es4 ,any sub/antial diff]5ce 9 ! copies w\ld be notic$4 ,any su* diff]5ces w\ld be transmitt$ 9 copies made f ^! copies1 & s on1 to ! manuscripts :i* h rea*$ u4 ,! numb] ( copies be=e ! t5? p]secution 7comm5c$ ,a4,d4 #cjj1 & la/+ t5 ye>s7 mu/ h rea*$ _m ?\s&s4#h ,s complete 0 !n suppos$ to be ! ext9ction ( ,*ri/ianity1 t co9s 7 /ruck & inscriptions set up1 record+ ! fact1 t ! 8,*ri/ian sup]/ition0 0 n[ utt]ly ext]m9at$1 & ! wor%ip ( ! gods re/or$ by ,diocletian1 :o assum$ ! "n ( ,jupit]1 & ,maximian1 :o took t ( ,h]cules4 ,?is p]secution1 9 addition to ! de/ruction ( life1 0 specially#i direct$ to ! de/ruction ( copies ( ! ,scriptures4 ,sev5?4--,con/ant9e1 _! successor1 9 ! ye> #cca1 caus$ fifty copies ( ! ,scriptures to be made = ,byzantium1 "u ! c>e ( ,eusebius ( ,cs>ea1 ! *ur* hi/orian4 ,! manuscript discov]$ by ! celebrat$ ,tis*5dorf1 9 #ahei1 at ! conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e1 on ,m\nt ,s9ai1 is believ$ to be "o ( ^? copies1 & to be ! olde/#aj ,greek manuscript 9 exi/5ce4 ,if "o ( ! fifty1 x is m ?an fifte5 hundr$ ye>s old4 ,x is call$ ! ,s9aitic ,codex4 ,! second rank belongs to ! ,vatican ,codex4 ,its date is probably n lat] ?an ! f\r? c5tury4 ,! next 9 ! ord] ( "t is ! ,alex&rian ,codex4 ,its date is ! latt] "p ( ! f\r? c5tury or ! beg9n+ ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,! ,vatican has be5 9 ! ,vatican ,libr>y s9ce #adde4 ,! ,alex&rian 0 s5t1 9 #afbh1 by ! ,patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople1 to ,*>les ,i41 & is n[ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,! ,s9aitic 0 pres5t$ by its discov]] to ! ,emp]or ( ,russia4 ,!re is no d\bt :atev] t ^! ?ree manuscripts 7 writt5 back ( ! 8d>k ages10 & at a "t :5 ! true text c\ld be kn[n ) great exactness1 & 0 comp>atively free f errors4 ,) ^!1 !re are fifty manuscripts t are a ?\s& ye>s old4 ,!re are1 x is e/imat$1 m ?an sev5te5 hundr$ manuscripts ( ! :ole1 or portions1 ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 rang+ 9 date f ! f\r? to ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,provid5ce1 says ,tis*5dorf1 has orda9$ = ! ,new ,te/am5t m s\rces ( ! greate/ antiquity ?an are possess$ by all ! old ,greek lit]ature put toge!r4 ,! numb] ( manuscripts ( ! ,greek ,classics1 says#aa ,pr(essor ,/[e1 is v small comp>$ ) ! ,greek ,te/am5t manuscripts1 & ! olde/ ( !m sc>cely rea*es n9e hundr$ ye>s4 ,!re are su* diff]5ces betwe5 ! ,s9aitic1 ,vatican1 & ,alex&rian manuscripts z indicate t no two ( !m 7 tak5 f ! same orig9al4 ,a little reflection w conv9ce any "o1 t :ile no s+le copy may be lit]ally exact f its orig9al1 ! multiplication ( copies adds greatly to sub/antial accuracy z ! result ( ! :ole4 ,= al?\gh !re is a t5d5cy to a repetition ( "s errors1 by diff]5t copyi/s f ! same orig9al1 z :]e successive s5t5ces end ) ! same ^w1 yet1 9 g5]al1 diff]5t copyi/s w\ld make diff]5t errors1 "o 9 "o "p ( ! in/rum5t1 & ! o!r 9 ano!r1 &1 :]e ! copies are num]\s1 !y mutually correct ea* o!r4 ,s x happ5s t 9 ! diff]5t manuscripts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ) diff]5t read+s ( _m ?\s&s 7c\nt+ all trifles1 l ! omission to dot an i or cross a t 9 ,engli% *irography1 z diff]5t read+s71 !re is sub/antial agreem5t4 ,x is a fact to be emphasiz$1 says#ab ,pr(essor ,fi%]1 8t ! ,scriptures are almo/ utt]ly free f wilful corruption20 & he endorses ! op9ion ( ! great critic1 ,b5tley1 t ! real text 8is compet5tly exact 9 ! wor/ manuscripts n[ extant2 nor is "o article ( fai? or moral precept ei!r p]v]t$ or lo/ 9 !m40 ,& exam9+ ! subject 9 h& f a lawy]'s /&po9t1 ! wor/ manuscript1 or translation1 or v]sion1 is suffici5t = ! purposes ( ! argum5t4 ,& to cite once m ! great au?ority ( ,pr(essor ,gre5leaf1#ac to ! g5u95ess ( ! ,f\r ,gospels3 8,! entire text ( ! ,corpus ,juris ,civilis is receiv$ z au?ority 9 all ! c\rts ( ,cont95tal ,europe1 ^u mu* weak] evid5ce ( its g5u95ess2 = ! integrity ( ! ,sacr$ ,text has be5 pres]v$ by ! jeal\sy ( oppos+ sects beyond any moral possibility ( corruption2 :ile t ( ! ,roman ,civil ,law has be5 pres]v$ only by tacit cons5t1 )\t ! int]e/ ( any oppos+ s*ool to wat* ov] & pres]ve x f alt]ation40 ,& n[ 7#ahhb7 ! ,new ,revision1 bo? ( ! text & ( ! translation1 by s*ol>s :o h no sup]ior1 & ! c>eful product ( t5 ye>s' labor1 has be5 long en\gh be=e ! _w to "k ! results4 ,n a s+le fact or witness to ! ,resurrection is lo/1 & n a s+le doctr9e is *ang$1 :ile _m passages are bett] und]/ood4 #a ,he puts ! date ( ! ,epi/le ( ,b>nabas1 ,a4 ,d4 #acj1 b x is g5]ally plac$ e>li]4 #b 8,be m]ciful t ye may obta9 m]cy2 =give t x may be =giv5 to y2 z ye d1 s %all x be done unto y2 z ye judge s %all ye be judg$2 z ye are k9d s %all k9dness be %[n to y2 ) :at measure ye mete ) ! same x %all be measur$ to y0 7c4 #ac74 ,matt4 vi4 #ab-ae2 ,matt4 vii4 #b2 ,luke vi4 #cf-ch4 8,?is p honore? me ) _! lips1 b _! he>t is f> f me0 7c4 #ae74 ,matt4 xv4 #h2 ,m>k vii4 #f4 8,woe to t man6 ,x 7 bett] = him t he _h nev] be5 born1 ?an t he %\ld ca/ a /umbl+ block be=e "o ( my elect1 yea x 7 bett] = him t a mill/one %\ld be hung ab\t 8 neck1 & he %\ld be sunk 9 ! dep?s ( ! sea1 ?an t he %\ld ca/ a /umbl+-block be=e any ( my little ones0 7c4 #df74 ,matt4 xviii4 #f2 ,matt4 xxvi4 #bd2 ,m>k ix1 #db2 ,luke xvii4 #b4 #c ,! entire ,gospel c\ld be reproduc$ f ^? writ+s1 includ+ ,ir5u1 ,t]tullian1 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 & ,orig54 #d ,! ,pr9ceton ,review = ,m>*1 #ahha1 p4 #bja4 #e ,matt4 x4 #cd-cf2 ,luke x4 #ac-ae2 ,luke xii4 #dg-ec4 #f ,bampton ,lectures = #ahgg1 p4 #bba1 by ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,a4 ,r[1 ,m4 ,a41 ,pembroke ,college1 ,ox=d1 ,preb5d>y ( ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral4 #g ,ap4 ,i41 cc4 #bb1 #eh4 ,see also ,s&ay's ,gospels ( ! ,second ,c5tury1 p4 #bad1 & 8,canonicity10 by ,a4 ,h4 ,*>t]is1 ,d4 ,d41 #ahhj1 pp4 #gf1 #cic4 #h ,norton e/imates ! numb] by ! close ( ! second c5tury at sixty ?\s&1 :i* may be a l>ge e/imate4 #i ,vol4 ,,vii4 ( ,mc,clintock & ,/rong1 p4 #iff2 ,ne&]'s ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 ,vol4 ,i41 p4 #adh4 ,ne&] says t ,feb4 #bb1 ,a4,d4 #cjc1 on "o ( ! great pagan fe/ivals1 at ! fir/ dawn ( day1 ! magnific5t *ur* ( ,nicom$ia 7!n ! imp]ial resid5ce7 0 brok5 op51 ! copies ( ! ,bible f\nd 9 x 7 burn$1 & ! :ole *ur* ab&on$ to plund] & !n to de/ruction4 ,! next day 0 publi%$ an edict t all assembl+ ( ,*ri/ians = ! purpose ( religi\s wor%ip 0 =bidd52 *ur*es 7 to be demoli%$ to _! f\ndations2 all manuscripts ( ! ,bible %\ld be burn$2 ^? :o held places ( honor & rank mu/ r5\nce _! fai?1 or be degrad$2 ^? belong+ to ! l[] walks ( private life to be dive/$ ( _! rights z citiz5s & freem52 slaves 7 to be incapable ( receiv+ _! fre$om s long z !y rema9$ ,*ri/ians2 & 9 judicial proce$+s ! torture might be us$ aga9/ all ,*ri/ians ( :atsoev] rank4 8,x is q evid5t10 says ,ne&]1 8t ! plan n[ 0 to extirpate ,*ri/ianity f ! root40 ,b x 0 ! d>kness :i* prec$$ ! dawn1 = ?is 0 ! la/ ( ! ,pagan p]secutions4 #aj ,a facsimile /eel engrav+ =m+ ! frontispiece to ,tis*5dorf's ,new ,te/am5t1 gives specim5s ( ! ,greek text 9 :i* ^! ?ree manuscripts are sev]ally writt54 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! /yle ( ! text is "o great means by :i* exp]ts det]m9e ! age ( ! manuscript4 ,! olde/ manuscripts are writt5 9 l>ge1 squ>e1 upright capitals2 & !y are call$ ,uncials4 ,! lat] manuscripts are writt5 9 fl[+ scripts2 !y are call$ ,cursives4 ,! proportion ( ,uncial to ,cursive manuscripts is ab\t "o to t54 ,! ,cursive 0 introduc$ 9 ! t5? c5tury4 #aa ,orig9 & ,hi/ory ( ! ,books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 by ,pr(4 ,c4 ,e4 ,/[e1 ,a4,d4 #ahfg1 pp4 #ca1 #fb4 #ab ,9 ,scribn]'s ,mon?ly = ,febru>y1 #ahha1 p4 #fag4 #ac ,an ,exam9ation ( ! ,te/imony ( ! ,f\r ,evangeli/s by ! rules ( ,evid5ce adm9i/]$ 9 ,c\rts ( ,ju/ice1 etc4 ,by ,simon ,gre5leaf1 ,,ll4,d41 ,royal ,pr(essor ( ,law 9 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity 7,a4,d4 #ahdf71 p4 #bh4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,cr$ibility ,,( ,,! ,,evangeli/s4 ,! "q ( _! cr$ibility is be=e t ( _! inspiration4 ,if un9spir$1 !y may h giv5 u ev]y?+ ess5tial to ! det]m9ation ( ,*ri/'s resurrection4 ,if inspir$1 inspiration may h be5 be/[$ 9 su* a mann] z to leave !m subject to "s ( ! limitations ( human te/imony4 ,if reliable acc\nts ( ! life1 tea*+s1 dea?1 & resurrection1 ( our ,"l1 7 to be publi%$ to ! _w1 x 0 ( ! la/ importance t !y %\ld n c>ry ^u _! face ! appe>ance ( collusion & contrivance4 ,let any "o :o is di/urb$ by any seem+ contradictions or errors1 consid] = a mom5t :at w\ld be ! consequ5ce if !y did n exi/4 ,if ea* writ] n>rat$ ! same occurr5ces & tea*+s & 9 ! same t]ms1 x w\ld be extremely difficult1 if n impossible1 to believe t !y 7 indep5d5t witnesses4 ,& s1 if ea* %\ld give all ( ! same occurr5ces & tea*+s1 al?\gh 9 diff]5t t]ms1 or a "p ( !m1 b 9 ! same t]ms1 x w\ld be almo/ z difficult to believe t we h indep5d5t witnesses4 ,z x is1 no "q c arise4 ,nei!r ( !m cov]s ! :ole gr\nd1 & :]e ! same matt]s appe>1 x is1 9 g5]al1 except 9 brief passages easily rememb]$1 9 diff]5t t]ms4 ,we are sure !re 0 no collusion4 ,we are sure we h ! te/imony ( indep5d5t writ]s4 ,?is is conc$$4 ,says ,judge ,waite 7pp4 #caa1 #cac73 ,t ! ,gospels 8are n m]ely copi$ "o f ! o!r1 ) *anges1 is ! almo/ unanim\s v]dict ( ,biblical s*ol>s40 ,& 9 ?is1 he expresses ! v]dict ( ^? :o reject1 n less ?an ( ^? :o accept ! ,gospels4 ,among ! limitations att5d+ m]e human te/imony1 are1 t1 ord9>ily1 no witness w /ate ! :ole ( any transaction1 & no two witnesses w /ate x 9 precisely ! same t]ms1 unless !re is fraud or collusion1 & ! te/imony ( ea* is b ! recital ( some?+ t has be5 committ$ to memory4 ,ano!r limitation is1 t ev5 ) two or m witnesses1 errors to "s ext5t w come 94 ,!re w be "s lack ( correct obs]vation1 or "s misrecollection1--n only ! omission ( a "p1 b positive mis/atem5t by "o or m ( ! witnesses4 ,! :ole transaction is to be ga!r$ f all ! witnesses4 ,& ! law1 hav+ respect to human infirmities1 says x is en\gh 9 all cases to prove ! sub/ance ( words alleg$ to h be5 spok51 or ! sub/ance ( ! issue1 9 any civil or crim9al cause2 immat]ial errors ( "t1 or place1 or di/ance1 or o!r circum/ance1 w be disreg>d$4 ,n[ x is conceivable t ! ,evangeli/s1 "u ! guidance ( ! ,div9e ,_s1 may h be5 left 7to "s ext5t7 subject to ^! limitations1 9 ord] t _! te/imony1 con=m+ to ^! laws ( obs]vation & memory1 be ! m cr$ible4 ,h5ce1 :e!r ! ,evangeli/s1 9 ?is /age ( ! inquiry1 be reg>d$ z inspir$ or un9spir$1 x is labor lo/1 to adduce alleg$ errors#a or contradictions :i*1 if made out1 c\ld n s]i\sly affect _! hone/y & g5]al compet5cy4 ,9 ord] t a witness receive our confid5ce1 we %\ld be satisfi$ ( 8 means ( k1 8 capacity to asc]ta9 ! facts1 & 8 disposition to give a correct acc\nt ( !m4 ,two ( ! writ]s1 ,mat!w & ,john1 7 ( ! twelve 7& ,john 0 ! belov$ disciple7 & h5ce !y _h ! be/ possible means ( kn[+ ! facts4 ,mat!w1 f 8 bus9ess ( a tax-ga!r]1 may be presum$ to h be5 %>p1 %rewd & obs]vant4 ,john1 f 8 mo/ intimate association1 0 pre-em95tly qualifi$ to give te/imony4 ,he gives x ) solemnity equal to an oa?3 8,& he t saw b>e record1 & 8 record is true2 & he kn[e? t he sai? true1 t ye might believe0 7c4 xix4 #ce74 8,& _m o!r signs truly did ,jesus 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 disciples1 :i* are n writt5 9 ?is book2 b ^! are writt51 t ye might believe t ,jesus is ! ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god2 & t believ+1 ye might h life ?r\gh 8 "n0 7c4 xx4 #cj1 #ca74 ,aga91 aft] /at+ :at ,pet] ask$ conc]n+ ! disciple 8:om ,jesus lov$10 & :at foll[$1 x is said3 8,?is is ! disciple :i* te/ifie? ( ^! ?+s1 & :o wrote ^! ?+s2 & we#b "k t 8 te/imony is true0 7c4 xxi4 #bj-bd74 ,?is ,gospel1 obvi\sly writt5 lat] ?an ! o!rs1 omits mu* t is conta9$ 9 !m1 & is1 s to speak1 ( high] ord]4 ,! fir/ incid5t m5tion$ 9 x1 is ! witness borne to ,*ri/ by ! ,bapti/4 ,x gives none ( ! p>ables1 s abundant 9 ! ,synoptics4#c ,x relates b two ( ! miracles record$ 9 !m1 i4 e4 ! fe$+ ( ! five ?\s&1 & ! walk+ ^u ! wat]1 7c4 vi4 #a-ba74 ,x adds six miracles n record$ 9 ! ,synoptics 7among :i* is ! rais+ ( ,laz>us71 num]\s conv]sations & disc\rses ( ! greate/ int]e/1 & facts relat+ to ! crucifixion & resurrection1 ( great weight z evid5ce4 ,x is writt5 9 pur] ,greek ?an ! o!rs2 its /yle#d is elegant & graceful2 x gives e indication ( calm1 ?\ghtful & delib]ate composition1 & 9 ^! respects t5ds to confirm ! uni=m tradition t x 0 ! ripe product ( a m9d & he>t1 enri*$1 quick5$1 & vitaliz$1 by famili> int]c\rse ) our ,"l & ! tru?s :i* he decl>$1 z well z by ! ,_s promis$ to ! ,apo/les4 ,m5 ) favorable native gifts1 become educat$ fa/ "u su* influ5ces4 ,x af=ds ab\t ! only means = a connect$ *ronological hi/ory ( our ,"l's m9i/ry1 :i* is se5 to h embrac$ a long]#e p]iod1 ?an c\ld h be5 asc]ta9$ f ! ,synoptics4 ,al?\gh ,m>k 0 n "o ( ! twelve1 ! "* ( 8 ,gospel 9 its life-l description ( ev5ts1 & its omitt+ no?+,a :]e ,pet] 0 prom95t1 confirms ! tradition1 t he 0 an att5dant ^u ,pet]'s m9i/ry1 & 0 8 int]pret]4 ,n9e-t5?s#f ( ! incid5ts relat$ 9 ,m>k are also record$ 9 ! o!r ,gospels4 ,luke 0 an educat$ man1 &1 z he incid5tally discloses1 a companion ( ,paul 9 a "p ( 8 j\rney+s4 ,8 ,gospel 0 evid5tly drawn up ) great c>e4 ,9 ! prologue 7c4 i4 #a-e7 he gives a reason = 8 writ+1 & ! s\rces ( 8 in=mation4 8,_m h tak5 9 h& to set =? 9 ord] a decl>ation ( ^? ?+s :i* are mo/ surely believ$ among u40 ,^! ?+s1 he says1 87 deliv]$ unto u by ^? :o f ! beg9n+ 7 eye witnesses & m9i/]s ( ! ,^w40 ,he 0 /imulat$ to give an additional n>rative 78hav+ _h p]fect und]/&+ ( all ?+s f ! v fir/07 = ! satisfaction ( 8 fri5d1 ,!ophilus1 & 9 ord] t he might "k 8! c]ta9ty ( ^? ?+s10 :]e9 he _h be5 in/ruct$4 ,no hi/orian c\ld ent] ^u 8 "w 9 a bett] _s1 or ) m excell5t qualifications & opportunities4 ,9 a subsequ5t treatise :i* 9 t]ms ref]s to ! =m]1 he f9ds no?+ to retract or qualify4 ,c any "o tell :y ,luke1 z a hi/orian1 is n entitl$ to z mu* cr$it z ,josephus8 ,9 comp>+ ! ,gospels ) ea* o!r1 or ) ,josephus1 x %\ld be con/antly borne 9 m9d1 t omission 7except "u special circum/ances7 is n contradiction4 ,! facts ( hi/ory1 l ! conclusions ( a jury1 are to be drawn f all cr$ible s\rces1 & ! transaction deem$ to be z %[n ^u all ! evid5ce4 ,positive te/imony f a s+le witness may prove a fact aga9/ ! negative te/imony ( any numb] ( witnesses1 :o are sil5t ^u ! subject4 ,x is also to be rememb]$ t ! ,gospels are n s mu* connect$ hi/ories1 z rem9isc5ces ( ev5ts & tea*+s1 ) b little reg>d 7sometimes an utt] disreg>d7 to _! *ronological ord]4 ,nei!r ,gospel is1 ( itself1 any approa* to a connect$ hi/ory f ,*ri/'s bir? to 8 asc5sion4 ,! ev5ts1 s f> z kn[n to u1 are to be ga!r$ f !m all4 ,m>k beg9s ) ! ,bapti/ at ! riv] ,jordan1 & ,john at ab\t ! same "t4 ,x is n to be inf]r$ t !y knew no?+ ( ! infancy1 or *ildhood1 or "y manhood ( ,jesus4 ,mat!w omits ! pres5tation at ! temple1 ! vision to ! ,%eph]ds1 & o!r incid5ts2 & ,luke omits ! visit ( ! ,wise m51 ! slay+ ( ! *ildr51 ! flight into ,egypt1 & o!r incid5ts4 ,b 9 s do+1 nei!r contradicts ! o!r2 nor does ,josephus1 by 8 sil5ce conc]n+ ^! ev5ts1 contradict ! ,evangeli/s4 ,he may h be5 ignorant ( "s ( ^! ev5ts1 = he 0 n born until ! ye> #cg1 &1 be+ a ,jew & n a ,*ri/ian1 he might n *oose to m5tion ^? :i* _h come to 8 k4 ,luke's ,gospel may or may n h made use ( writ+s !n 9 exi/5ce relat+ to ,*ri/ 7b :i* nev] f\nd g5]al acceptance71 & ! same is true ( ! ,fir/ & ,second ,gospels4 ,x is no impea*m5t ( _! cr$ibility4 ,e hi/orian makes su* use ( mat]ials t he deems reliable1 z be/ answ]s 8 purpose1 & 8 hi/ory is none ! less tru/wor?y on t acc\nt4 ,h5ce1 z a matt] ( evid5ce1 x is ( no consequ5ce h[ _m or h[ few1 previ\s manuscripts may be trac$ 9 our ,gospels1 or ei!r ( !m4 ,su* writ+s _h an ephem]al exi/5ce1 nev] came into g5]al use1 & ! ,f\r ,gospels & no o!rs 7 ! accept$ ,gospels 9 all ! *ur*es4 ,:atev] lit]ature ( ! k9d prec$$ !m p]i%$ s e>ly t x _c be told :5 x disappe>$1 or :at 0 its "* or complet5ess4 ,! ,evangeli/s give e m>k ( hone/ witnesses4 ,_! /ory is simple1 /raight=w>d & unimpassion$1 ev5 "u circum/ances calculat$ to ar\se res5tm5t4 ,!y seem int5t ^u no?+ b ! giv+ ( a tru?ful n>rative1 n sp>+ !mselves or ext5uat+ _! own faults4 ,_! frequ5t incid5tal allusions to matt]s ( gov]nm5t1 cu/om1 nationality1 etc41 & m9ut5ess ( detail1 are su* z w\ld nev] be f\nd 9 false witnesses4 8,a false witness10 says ,mr4 ,gre5leaf1 8w n will+ly detail any circum/ances 9 :i* 8 te/imony w be op5 to contradiction1 nor multiply !m :]e !re is dang] ( be+ detect$ by a comp>ison ( !m ) o!r acc\nts equally circum/antial40 ,x w\ld detract no?+ f ! cr$it ( ! ,evangeli/s1 if1 9 ! multitude ( _! incid5tal ref]5ces1 error %\ld be f\nd 9 a few ( !m1 = "s error is insep>able f all human productions2 & _! inspiration may n h be5 s circum/antial z to exclude immat]ial errors4 ,) su* diff]5ces z %[ mo/ conv9c+ly t ! ,evangeli/s are indep5d5t witnesses1 !re is su* unity 9 ! "* & life ( ,*ri/1 z exhibit$ by !m1 z %[s ! same orig9al = ! lik5ess4 ,?is ess5tial unity ( ! ,gospel is evid5c$ by ! fact t n a s+le *ur* or communion exi/s1 t does n accept all ! ,gospels1 if ei!r4 ,f int]nal evid5ce1 x is extremely probable t ! ,synoptics 7 writt5 be=e ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem4 ,luke 0 c]ta9ly writt5 be=e ,acts1 & ! hi/ory 9 ,acts is n c>ri$ lat] ?an ! ye> #fb1 eight ye>s be=e t ev5t4 ,z ! f\r undisput$ ,epi/les 7 all writt5 be=e ! ye> #fj1 ! logical ord] w be to pres5t ! te/imony ( ,paul to ! ,resurrection be=e t ( ! ,evangeli/s4 #a ,presid5t ,b>tlett believes t not)/&+ its long l9e ( exposure1 ! out] hi/orical difficulties seem r$uc$ to ! solit>y "q ( ! tax+ "u ,cyr5ius4 7,! ,pr9ceton ,review = ,janu>y1 #ahhj1 p4 #dd47 ,aside f any "q ( inspiration1 x is improbable t ,luke made a mi/ake4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 :o wrote at a v e>ly p]iod1 9 8 ,apology to ! ,roman ,emp]or1 ref]s to ?is tax+ z a well kn[n ev5t 7,ap41 c4 #cd74 ,he aga9 ref]s to x 9 8 ,dialogue 7c4 #gh7 z be+ ! fir/ c5sus tak5 9 ,judea "u ,cyr5ius4 ,celsus1 :o 0 n want+ 9 skill or incl9ation to attack at all po9ts1 f\nd no occasion "h4 ,x may well be t a p]son hold+ ! (fice :i* ,cyr5ius held at ! fir/ enrolm5t 0 call$ a 8procurator40 ,or ,luke 9 speak+ ( ?is enrolm5t may h ref]r$ to ,cyr5ius by ! title :i* he aft]w>ds bore2 or ,cyr5ius may h be5 9 ! (fice twice4 ,presid5t ,b>tlett also concludes ) ,w>r5ton t !re is n any in/ance ( a really inapposite quotation f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 al?\gh ! quotations are sometimes inaccurate4 ,he also concludes t ! in/ances ( alleg$ contradictions may be r$uc$ to five1 & t !re is no insurm\ntable difficulty 9 reconcil+ !m4 ,b1 = reasons /at$ 9 ! text1 ! inquiry is n mat]ial to our argum5t4 #b ,_m suppose t ! 8we0 are ! ,eld]s at ,ephesus4 ,b if s1 :y did !y n sign8 ,! 8we0 prec$$ by ! unmi/akable ref]5ce to ,john & foll[$ by ! fir/ p]son s+ul>1 9 ! clos+ v]se1 is z likely to h be5 ,john4 #c 8,synoptics0--a ^w (t5 us$ by writ]s at ! pres5t day to designate ! fir/ ?ree ,gospels4 #d ,! ,apocalypse is q diff]5t 9 /yle & 9 respect to pure ,greek4 ,= ^! reasons & o!rs "s ( ! e>ly ,fa!rs d5i$ t ! ,apo/le wrote x4 ,b su* 0 ! e>ly tradition4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr ref]s to him z ! au?or1 & z ,dr4 ,se>s1 9 8 ,he>t ( ,*ri/1 well argues1 ^! diff]5ces are suffici5tly acc\nt$ = by ! highly excit$ /ate ( m9d 9 :i* ! ,apocalypse 0 writt52 & he po9ts out _m agreem5ts bo? 9 doctr9e & mode ( expression4 #e ,?ree ye>s1 & possibly f\r4 ,a ,its omission ( ,pet]'s want ( fai?1 z record$ 9 ,mat!w #ad-cj1 is an exception4 #f ,wright's ,logic1 etc41 p4 #baj2 ,norton's ,g5u95ess1 etc41 ,vol4 ,i41 p4 #ahh2 ,wescott's ,introduction1 cc4 #c & #d4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,apocalypse ,,& ,,! ,,f\r ,,epi/les4 ,:ile all ,infidels1 f ,celsus be=e ! ye> #ahj to ,waite1 9 #ahha1 h agre$ t 8ei!r ,jesus 0 n really dead1 or he did n really rise aga910 "s#a ( !m h assum$ ! "o1 & "s ! o!r alt]native4 ,/rauss1 ) ,celsus1 d\bts ! reality ( ! resurrection1 r ?an ! dea?4 ,s*lei]ma*]1 on ! o!r h&1 held t ,jesus return$ aga9 to life f a /ate ( le?>gy2 & ?is view1 al?\gh n ! position g5]ally tak5 by skeptics1 is /ill held by a v few4 ,!re h be5 two in/itutions 9 ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 ! ,"l's ,supp] & ! ,"l's day1 t h te/ifi$ f ! beg9n+ t ,jesus 0 really dead1 & did really rise aga9 f ! dead4 ,!y displac$ ! ,jewi% ,passov] & ! ,jewi% ,sabba?1 bo? /rongly entr5*$ 9 ! law ( ,moses & long e/abli%$ cu/om4 ,su* sub/itution c be acc\nt$ =1 only ^u ! hypo!sis ( ! fulle/ conviction ( ! dea? & resurrection ( our ,"l4 ,! ,"l's day is ref]r$ to by ,paul 9 ,fir/ ,cor9?ians 7c4 xvi47 "u ! designation ( 8! fir/ day ( ! week10 & is m5tion$ by ,john 9 ,revelation 7c4 i4 #aj71 :]e he says1 8,i 0 9 ! ,_s on ! ,"l's ,day40 ,! ,"l's ,supp] has great prom95ce giv5 to x by ,paul 9 ! elev5? *apt] ( ,fir/ ,cor9?ians4 ,^? to :om he writes are admoni%$ n to eat 8( t bread10 or dr9k 8( t cup10 9 an unwor?y mann]1 8,= z (t5 z ye eat ?is bread & dr9k ?is cup1 ye proclaim ! ,"l's dea? till he come40 ,z to ! orig9 ( ?is sacram5t1 he says1 8,i h receiv$ ( ! ,"l t :i* ,i also deliv]$ unto y1 t ! ,"l ,jesus ! same night 9 :i* he 0 betray$ took bread1 & :5 he _h giv5 ?anks1 he brake & said1 ,take1 eat2 ?is is my body brok5 = y2 ?is d 9 remembrance ( me3 & aft] ! same mann] also he took ! cup1 :5 he _h supp$1 say+1 ,?is cup is ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 my blood2 ?is d ye z (t z ye dr9k x1 9 remembrance ( me40 ,?is ,epi/le 0 writt5 z e>ly z ! ye>#b #eg1 or )9 #bg ye>s aft] ! ,crucifixion4 ,x is n to be d\bt$ t su* a comm& w\ld be obs]v$ f ! fir/ =mation ( any *ur*4 ,bo? ! dea? & resurrection ( ,*ri/ appe> 9 ! book ( ,revelation4 ,he is call$ 8,! fir/ begott5 ( ! dead0 7c4 i4 #e71 8,he t live? & 0 dead0 7c4 i4 #hh71 8,! ,lamb z x _h be5 sla910 be=e :om ! f\r liv+ creatures & ! eld]s 7z repres5t+ ! :ole ,*ur*7 fall d[n1 say+1 8,?\ art wor?y to take ! book1 & to op5 ! seals !re(2 = ?\ wa/ sla91 & ha/ r$eem$ u to ,god by ?y blood1 out ( e k9dr$1 & tongue1 & p1 & nation0 7c4 v4 #f to #aj74 ,& ,john says t he 0 9 exile1 8= ! ,^w ( ,god1 & = ! te/imony ( ,jesus ,*ri/0 7c4 i4 #i74 ,:at 0 ?is 8te/imony10 o!r ?an t :i* ,luke says 9 ,acts 7c4 iv4 #b7 0 giv5 by ,pet] & ,john :5 ! ,sadducees 7 8griev$ t !y taught ! p1 & prea*$ ?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/ ! resurrection f ! dead20 or o!r ?an t1 giv5 by ,pet] 9 ! pres5ce ( ,john1 7c4 iii4 #ae7 t ! ,jews _h 8kill$ ! ,pr9ce ( ,life1 :om ,god ha? rais$ f ! dead2 :]e( we are witnesses40 ,ev5 f ! book ( ,revelation#c alone1 7 !re no o!r pro(1 %\ld we conclude t ,john te/ifi$ t ,jesus di$ & rose aga94 ,?is 0 ! burd5 ( ,paul's prea*+ & ! inspiration ( 8 life4 ,nor d we /op ) ,paul4 ,f 8 writ+s we "k t all ! ,apo/les & ! :ole ,*ur* f ! beg9n+1 ma9ta9$ ! same gr& !me ) all ! /r5g? ( conviction ( :i* m5 are capable4 ,he _h be5 prea*+ ?ree ye>s prior to ! fir/ visit to ,j]usalem ref]r$ to 9 ,galatians 7c4 i4 #ah74 ,at ?is visit he _h 8return$ aga910 to ,damascus4 ,8 leav+ ,damascus 0 probably ! "t :5 he 0 let d[n f ! wall 9 a basket1 z /at$ 9 ,second ,cor9?ians 7c4 xi4 #cc71 & ! city 0 !n held 8"u ,aretus ! ,k+40 ,f\rte5 ye>s aft] 8 conv]sion or 8 escape 7x is unc]ta9 :i*71 he w5t up to ,j]usalem ) ,b>nabas1 tak+ ,titus also ) him4 ,! precise date ( 8 conv]sion is unkn[n1 b 0 approximately#d 9 ! ye> #cf4 ,he writes ( ! la/ visit m5tion$ 9 ,galatians1 8t :5 ,james1 ,cephas & ,john1 :o seem$ to be pill>s1 p]ceiv$ ! grace t 0 giv5 unto me1 !y gave to me & ,b>nabas ! "r h& ( fell[%ip2 t we %\ld g unto ! hea!n1 & !y unto ! circumcision40 ,f t "t1 !n1 if n be=e1 ) ! full recognition ( all ! ,apo/les1 he became di/9ctively ! ,apo/le to ! ,g5tiles4 ,& at ! fir/ visit m5tion$1 he saw ,james1 ! ,"l's bro!r1 & also ,pet]1 & abode ) him fifte5 days4 ,aft]w>ds1 he w5t into ! regions ( ,syria & ,cilicia1 & 0 unkn[n by face unto ! *ur*es ( ,judea1 b !y _h he>d1 8,t he :i* p]secut$ u 9 times pa/ n[ prea*e? ! fai? :i* once he de/roy$20 & he says1 8!y glorifi$ ,god 9 me0 7c4 i4 #ah-bd74 ,he says 9 ! ?irte5? v]se1 8,ye h he>d ( my conv]sation 9 "t pa/1 9 ! ,jews' religion1 h[ t beyond measure ,i p]secut$ ! *ur* ( ,god & wa/$ x40 ,z !re is no d\bt :at 8! fai?0 01 :i* he prea*$ aft] 8 conv]sion1 s !re is no d\bt :at 8! fai?0 0 8:i* once he de/roy$40 ,)9 ?ree ye>s aft] ! comm5cem5t ( 8 m9i/ry1 he saw ,james ! ,"l's bro!r1 & abode ) ,pet] fifte5 days2 & at ! expiration ( ! f\rte5 ye>s1 all ! ,apo/les 7 ready to give him ! "r h& ( fell[%ip4 ,z !re is no d\bt :at 8fai?0 he prea*$ 7:i* 0 ! same :i* he _h de/roy$71 s !re is none z to :at fai? ! o!rs prea*$1 & _h prea*$ f ! beg9n+4 ,8 conv]sion 0 )9 six ye>s ( ! ,crucifixion4 ,z he f t "t prea*$ ,jesus & ! ,resurrection1 !re is no d\bt b t ,jesus & ! ,resurrection 7 prea*$ dur+ ! six ye>s be=e 8 conv]sion4 ,h5ce1 f ,paul's f\r ,epi/les 7^: g5u95ess is beyond controv]sy71 we are inevitably c>ri$ back to ! fir/ m9i/ry ( any ( ! ,apo/les1 = ! "t :5 ! doctr9e ( ! ,resurrection 0 fir/ proclaim$4 ,?is conclusion is rea*$ )\t rec\rse to ! te/imony ( ei!r ( ! ,evangeli/s2 & believ]s may say ) ,r5an1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t _s1 8,?anks to ! ,epi/le to ! ,galatians60 ,if f ?is ,epi/le ! precise comm5cem5t ( ! m9i/ry ( ,pet] & ,john _c be det]m9$1 x mu/ be inf]r$ t x 0 be=e1 & app>5tly "s "t be=e1 ,paul's conv]sion1 :i*1 z has be5 se51 0 )9 six ye>s ( ! ,crucifixion4 ,= ?is reason1 z well z _m o!rs1 ! importance ( ,paul's te/imony c h>dly be ov]e/imat$4 ,b 9 ord] t its full =ce may be bett] appreh5d$1 x may be useful to pres5t x m 9 detail1 z3 ,9 ,romans 8,god comm5de? 8 love t[>d u 9 t :ile we 7 yet s9n]s1 ,*ri/ di$ = u0 7,rom4 v4 #h72 8,*ri/ be+ rais$ f ! dead1 die? no m0 7,rom4 vi4 #i72 8,*ri/ t di$1 yea1 r t is ris5 aga91 :o is ev5 at ! "r h& ( ,god0 7,rom4 viii4 #cd72 8,decl>$ to be ! ,son ( ,god1 ) p[] accord+ to ! _s ( hol9ess1 by ! resurrection f ! dead0 7,rom4 i4 #d72 8,! ^w is nigh !e1 9 ?y m\? & 9 ?y he>t1 t is ! ^w ( fai? :i* we prea*1 t if ?\ %alt confess ) ?y m\? ! ,"l ,jesus1 & %alt believe 9 ?y he>t t ,god ha? rais$ him f ! dead1 ?\ %alt be sav$0 7,rom4 x4 #h1 #i72 ,& to ! ,galatians--8,paul1 an ,apo/le1 n ( m51 nei!r by man1 b by ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ,god ! ,fa!r :o rais$ him f ! dead0 7,gal4 i4 #a72 ,& to ! ,cor9?ians--8,n[ if ,*ri/ be prea*$ t he rose f ! dead1 h[ say "s among y t !re is no resurrection ( ! dead60 8,b if !re be no resurrection ( ! dead1 !n is ,*ri/ n ris520 8,& if ,*ri/ be n ris51 !n is our prea*+ va91 & y\r fai? is also va920 8,yea1 & we are f\nd false witnesses ( ,god because we h te/ifi$ ( ,god t he rais$ up ,*ri/1 :om he rais$ n up1 if s be t ! dead rise n0 7#a ,cor4 xv4 #ab to #af72 8,= ,i deliv]$ unto y ,,fir/ ,,( ,,all t :i* ,i also receiv$1 h[ t ,*ri/ di$ = our s9s accord+ to ! ,scriptures2 & t he 0 buri$1 & t he rose aga9 ! ?ird day accord+ to ! ,scriptures2 & t he 0 se5 ( ,cephas1 !n ( ! twelve2 aft] t he 0 se5 ( ab\t five hundr$ bre?r5 at once1 ( :om ! great] "p rema9 unto ?is pres5t1 b "s are fall5 asleep2 aft] t he 0 se5 ( ,james2 !n ( all ! ,apo/les2 & la/ ( all he 0 se5 ( me also1 z "o born out ( due "t2 = ,i am ! lea/ ( ! ,apo/les & am n meet to be call$ an ,apo/le because ,i p]secut$ ! ,*ur* ( ,god0 7#a ,cor4 xv4 #c-aj74 ,we "k n ) :at body ,jesus appe>$ to ,paul six ye>s aft] 8 asc5sion2 nor ) :at body or j :5 8 sa9ts %all rise4 ,b :5 ,paul says t ,*ri/1 hav+ di$ = our s9s1 0 buri$ & rose aga9 ! ?ird day1 & 0 se5 by ^? enum]at$1 x w\ld be a mo/ viol5t p]v]sion ( language to inf] t x 0 n a mat]ial resurrection4 ,8 fle% _h n !n se5 corruption1 & he _h n yet asc5d$4 ,! /ate ( ?+s _h *ang$ at ! "t he 0 se5 by ,paul1 & h5ce ! mode ( 8 appe>ance 0 diff]5t4 ,paul c\ld n h be5 ignorant t ! ,apo/les 7 p]suad$ t !y beheld & h&l$ ! corporeal body ( _! ris5 ,"l1 & if he _h ent]ta9$ a diff]5t idea ( ! "* ( ! appe>ances to !m1 he c\ld n h writt5 z we h quot$4 ,z w be %[n 9 subsequ5t *apt]s1 he _h 8receiv$10 a corporeal resurrection1 & s he 8deliv]$40 ,^! f\r ,epi/les ( ,paul 7 writt5 ab\t ,a4,d4 #eh1 or )9 less ?an ?irty ye>s f ! ,crucifixion4 ,by !m1 two ?+s are e/abli%$ beyond dispute4 ,fir/1 ! doctr9e ( ! ,resurrection1 :e!r true or false1 is n a my? or leg5d1 9 any s5se 9 :i* ^? words are commonly und]/ood1 or 9 any s5se 9 :i* !y %\ld ev] be us$4 ,nor are ! appe>ances or suppos$ appe>ances ( our ris5 ,"l1 m5tion$ by ,paul 7:e!r !y be reg>d$ z real or n71 my?s or leg5ds4 ,! doctr9e ( ! ,resurrection 0 n ! product ( a subsequ5t age2 x 0 receiv$ f ! beg9n+4 ,nor 7 ! appe>ances ( our ris5 ,"l1 :i* 7 ! basis ( t doctr9e1 ! product ( a subsequ5t age4 ,a skeptic1 if he w or mu/1 may say t ! doctr9e is n true1 & t ! appe>ances :i* 7 accept$ z evid5ce ( x 7 n real2 b he _c )\t an abuse ( language say t ! "o1 or ! o!rs1 are my?s or leg5ds4 ,second1 ! ,apo/les & e>ly disciples mo/ int5sely believ$ ! doctr9e to be true1 & ! appe>ances to be real4 ,ev5 ,/rauss is compell$ to admit _! s9c]ity4 ,he conc$es t ! ,epi/le to ! ,cor9?ians is und\bt$ly g5u9e4 ,& he says t on its au?ority1 8,"o mu/ believe t _m memb]s ( ! primitive *ur* :o 7 yet liv+ at ! "t :5 ?is ,epi/le 0 writt51 especially ! ,apo/les1 7 conv9c$ t !y _h witness$ appe>ances ( ! ris5 ,*ri/40 7,/rauss' ,life1 etc41 p4 #hcb47 ,& ?is is g5]ally conc$$ by all skeptics at ! pres5t day :o h any claim to be ev5 tol]ably in=m$ ^u ! subject ( ! ,resurrection1 & any disposition to deal ) x 9 any _s ( fairness4 ,?is n>r[s our inquiry v mu*4 ,?us f> we re/ on solid gr\nd4 ,we />t ) ! fact fully e/abli%$1 t we are n deal+ ) my?s1 or leg5ds1 conc]n+ a remote transaction4 ,we "k precisely :at convictions 9 respect to ! ,resurrection 7 ent]ta9$ at ! v "t ( ! transaction1 by ^? be/ qualifi$ to judge2 & we also "k _m ( ! facts1 ^u :i* ^! convictions 7 bas$4 ,we may say1 if we *oose1 t ! suppos$ appe>ances 7 n real2 b we _c say !y are an aft]?\ght4 ,!y mu/ h be5 ent]ta9$ f ! v beg9n+1 c]ta9ly z e>ly z ! day ( ,p5teco/4 ,! ,apo/les believ$ ) mo/ int5se e>ne/ness1 t !y _h se5 _! ,ris5 ,"l1 & _h receiv$ f him _! ,commission to disciple all nations1 baptiz+ !m into ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,_! hone/y be+ conc$$1 ! only "q rema9+ is1 7 !y deceiv$8 ,mi/ake on _! "p c\ld only h be5 9 "o or two ?+s2 ei!r t he did n die ^u ! cross1 or else t he 0 n alive aft]w>d4 ,& "h x is important to obs]ve1 t ! ,evangeli/s d little m ?an give to "s ext5t ! times & circum/ances ( transactions already decl>$1 9 ! ,epi/les1 to h occurr$4 ,( c\rse ^? transactions z !y 7 und]/ood :5 ! ,epi/les 7 writt51 _h _! times & circum/ances4 ,paul decl>$ :at he _h 8receiv$10--t ,jesus di$ & 0 buri$4 ,! ,gospels /ate ! "t & ! att5d+ circum/ances4 ,paul decl>$1 z he _h 8receiv$10--t ,*ri/ rose aga9 ! ?ird day4 ,! ,gospels /ate ! circum/ances4 ,paul decl>$1 z he _h 8receiv$10--t ,jesus aft] he rose on ! ?ird day1 0 se5 by ,cephas1 !n by ! twelve1 aft] t by ab\t five hundr$ bre?r51 aft] t by ,james1 & !n aga9 by all ! ,apo/les4 ,! ,gospels & ! fir/ *apt] ( ,acts /ate ! circum/ances ( "s1 ?\gh n ( all1 ( ^! sev]al appe>ances4 ,f :at we "k already f ,paul's ,epi/les1 fur!r in=mation f "s s\rce %\ld be expect$2 & ! ,evangeli/s af=d t in=mation4 ,we mu/ believe t !y /ate ! circum/ances1 z !y 7 und]/ood :5 ,paul wrote 8 ,epi/les1 & z !y 7 und]/ood :5 ! ,resurrection 0 fir/ proclaim$ on ! day ( ,p5teco/4 ,z ! pr9cipal facts1 i4 e4 ! ,resurrection & subsequ5t visible appe>ances till ! ,asc5sion1 7 n an aft]?\ght1 nei!r are ! circum/ances att5d+ !m z record$ by ! ,evangeli/s1 an aft]?\ght4 ,9 respect to ^! circum/ances1 we c see & "k :at ! ,apo/les suppos$ !y saw1 & he>d1 & knew4 ,! ,evangeli/s1 !re=e1 by /at+ circum/ances n specifi$ by ,paul1 enable u to det]m9e m c]ta9ly1 :e!r ! ,apo/les 7 deceiv$4 ,& :at !y /ate ( ,*ri/'s pr$ictions ( 8 dea? & 8 resurrection1 may also help u to det]m9e :e!r ! ,apo/les 7 deceiv$4 #a ,/rauss' ,life ( ,jesus1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 pp4 #hdc-d2 ,godet's ,com4 on ,/4 ,luke1 ,a4,d4 #ahha1 p4 #eaa4 #b ,conybe>e & ,h[son's ,life1 etc41 ( ,paul1 p4 #ifb4 #c ,judge ,waite w n admit ,john's au?or%ip1 & he cites ,eusebius cc4 #c-ci1 z hav+ attribut$ ! ,apocalypse to ,john ! ,presbyt]4 ,?is may indicate a pres5t 8t5d5cy0 by skeptical writ]s to %ift _! gr\nd4 ,eusebius1 h[ev]1 only /ates t !re 7 two1 ,john ! ,apo/le1 & ,john ! ,presbyt]1 & t 8x is probable t ! second1 if x be n all[$ t x 0 ! fir/1 saw ! ,revelation ascrib$ to ,john40 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr _h long be=e 7,dial41 c4 #ha7 9 express t]ms giv5 ,john ! ,apo/le z ! au?or2 & su* is ! g5]al v]dict ( s*ol>s4 #d ,conybe>e & ,h[son1 pp4 #dch1 #ifa1 #ifd4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,8 ,,pr$ictions ,,conc]n+ ,,himself4 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ,*ri/'s crucifixion by ,mat!w & ,m>k1 x is record$ t !y :i* pass$ by rail$ on him1 say+1--8,?\ t de/roye/ ! temple & builde/ x 9 ?ree days1 save ?yself02 & t witnesses _h te/ifi$ to ! same accusation1 b did n agree4 ,! disagreem5t seems to h be51 t "s 7,m>k xiv4 #eh7 te/ifi$ t he said1--8,i w de/roy ?is temple t is made ) h&s & 9 ?ree days ,i w build ano!r made )\t h&s10 & ! o!rs 7,mat!w xxvi4 #fa7 8,i am able to de/roy ! temple ( ,god & to build x 9 ?ree days40 ,! ,evangeli/s prop]ly *>act]ize bo? classes z false witnesses4 ,jesus _h n said1 8,i w de/roy10 nor 8,i am able to de/roy10 b1 8,de/roy 7?\7 ?is temple40 ,x 0 n a de/roy+ by him1 b by !m2 & x 0 ! temple ( 8 own body4 ,x 0 ! e>lie/1 & 9 "s respects ! mo/ /rik+ ( 8 pr$ictions ( 8 dea? & resurrection4 ,x 0 on ! occasion ( 8 cleans+ ! temple at ! fir/ ,passov]4 ,! ,jews dem&$ ( him1 8,:at sign %[e/ ?\ unto u1 see+ ?\ doe/ ^! ?+s80 ,jesus said1 8,de/roy ?is temple & 9 ?ree days ,i w raise x up40 ,! ,jews !re=e said1 8,=ty & six ye>s 0 ?is temple 9 build+1 & wilt ?\ re> x up 9 ?ree days8 ,b he spake ( ! temple ( 8 body4 ,:51 !re=e1 he 0 rais$ f ! dead 8 disciples rememb]$ t he spake ?is1 & !y believ$ ! ,scripture & ! ^w :i* ,jesus _h said40 7,john ii4 #ac to #bb47 ,x mu/ h be5 soon aft] ?is ,passov]1 & c]ta9ly be=e ,john ! ,bapti/ 0 ca/ into prison1 t ,jesus said to ,nicodemus1 t1 z ,moses lift$ up ! s]p5t 9 ! wild]ness1 ev5 s mu/ ! ,son ( ,man be lift$ up1 t :osoev] believe? may 9 him h et]nal life4 7,john iii4 #ad1 #ae47 ,nicodemus does n appe> aga91 until 8 mild prote/ to ! re/ ( ! ,sanh$rim1--8,do? our law judge a man except x fir/ he> f himself1 & "k :at he doe?80#a ,!y answ]$ & said unto him1 8,art ?\ also ( ,galilee8 ,se>* & see t out ( ,galilee arise? no prophet40 ,he 0 sil5t4 7,john viii4 #de to #eb47 ,b :5 ,jesus _h be5 put to dea? z a malefactor1 no long] afraid1 he comes ) ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 br++ a mixture ( myrrh & aloes1 ab\t a hundr$ p\nds weight1 & !y gave ! ,crucifi$ ,"o a pr9cely burial4 7,john xix4 #ci1 #dj1 #da47 ,:at _h wr\ght ?is *ange 9 ,nicodemus8 ,! lift+ up ^u ! cross1 0 to him assur$ pro( t ,jesus 0 a true 8prophet1 & m ?an a prophet40 ,on m ?an "o occasion 9 8 e>ly m9i/ry1 ,jesus 9 reply to a dem& = a sign f heav5 _h said1 8,!re %all no sign be giv5 b ! sign ( ,jonah ! prophet2 = z ,jonah 0 ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! belly ( ! :ale1 s %all ! ,son ( man be ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! he>t ( ! e>?40 7,mat!w xii4 #ch to #dj2 ,luke xi4 #bi47 ,t he %\ld be !re only ?ree days & ?ree nights impli$ 8 resurrection4 ,to any objection t he 0 n 9 ! tomb any "p ( ?ree nights1 ! cu/om>y#b use ( language among ! ,jews is a suffici5t answ]4 ,9 ! ,talm hi]os1 x is said t a day & a night toge!r make up a p]iod2 & a "p ( su* a p]iod is c\nt$ z ! :ole4 ,x is a receiv$#c rule among ! ,jews t a "p ( a day is put = ! :ole4 ,yet t ! pr$iction 0 express$ 9 su* t]ms1 is /rong evid5ce ( ! tru?fulness ( ! record4 ,z ,godet well says1 8,:o w\ld ev] h dream$ ( falsely putt+ 9 ! m\? ( ,jesus ! expression ?ree days & ?ree nights1 :5 9 actual fact ! "t sp5t 9 ! tomb did n exce$ "o day & two nights80 ,jesus1 :5 call$ to acc\nt = heal+ on ! ,sabba? day1 answ]$3 8,my ,fa!r worke? ev5 until n[1 & ,i "w40 ,= ?is cause1 !re=e1 ! ,jews s\ght ! m to kill him1 because he n only broke ! ,sabba?1 b also call$ ,god 8 own ,fa!r1 mak+ himself equal ) ,god4 ,9 reply ,jesus said3 8,= z ! ,fa!r raise? ! dead1 & quick5e? !m1 ev5 s ! ,son quick5e? :om he w 444 ,v]ily1 v]ily1 ,i say unto y1 ,! h\r come? & n[ is1 :5 ! dead %all he> ! voice ( ! ,son ( ,god2 & !y t he> %all live4444 ,m>vel n at ?is1 = ! h\r come?1 9 :i* all t are 9 ! tomb %all he> 8 voice1 & %all come =?2 !y t h done good1 unto ! resurrection ( life2 & !y t h done ill1 unto ! resurrection ( judgm5t40 7,john v4 #a to #bi47 ,9 8 disc\rse 9 ! ,synagogue at ,cap]naum1 conc]n+ ! manna1 he said to ! ,jews3 8,! bread :i* ,i give is my fle% 7t is1 my life71 = ! life ( ! _w4444 ,= my fle% is meat inde$1 & my blood is dr9k inde$4444 ,_m !re=e ( 8 disciples :5 !y he>d1 said1 #8,?is is a h>d say+2 :o c he> x8' ,b ,jesus kn[+ 9 himself t 8 disciples murmur$ at ?is1 said unto !m1 #8,do? ?is cause y to /umble8 ,:at !n if ye behold ! ,son ( man asc5d+ :]e he 0 be=e4'0 7,john vi4 #cj to #fc47 ,8 fir/ di/9ct ann\ncem5t t he %\ld be put to dea? & be rais$ f ! dead1 0 ^u ,pet]'s confession1-- 8,?\ art ! ,*ri/ ! ,son ( ! liv+ ,god20 & x d\btless 0 9 consequ5ce ( ?is confession4 ,x 0 aft] ,john ! ,bapti/ _h be5 put to dea?1 & aft] ! ?ird ,passov]1 b be=e ! "t _h come = a public decl>ation ( 8 ,messiah%ip2 = he *>g$ ! disciples t !y %\ld tell no man t he 0 ! ,*ri/4 ,! place 0 9 ! coa/ ( ,ces>ea ,philippi1 ne> ! s\rces ( ! ,jordan4 ,) v]bal diff]5ces1 ! same acc\nt sub/antially is giv5 by ea* ( ! ,synoptics1 & z foll[s3 8,f t "t began ,jesus to %[ unto 8 disciples1 h[ t he mu/ g into ,j]usalem & suff] _m ?+s ( ! eld]s & *ief prie/s & scribes1 & ! ?ird day be rais$ up40 7,mat!w xvi4 #ba47 8,& he began to tea* !m t ! ,son ( ,man mu/ suff] _m ?+s1 & be reject$ ( ! eld]s & ! *ief prie/s1 & ! scribes1 & be kill$1 & aft] ?ree days rise aga940 7,m>k viii4 #ca47 8,! ,son ( ,man mu/ suff] _m ?+s & be reject$ ( ! eld]s & ! *ief prie/s & scribes & be kill$1 & ! ?ird day be rais$ up40 7,luke ix4 #bb47 ,su* is ! te/imony ( ^! ?ree witnesses4 ,!y agree also1 t he w>n$ ! disciples n to anticipate worldly glory1 b ! rev]se4 ,pet]1 f 8 conception ( ! ,messiah%ip1 treat$ ,*ri/'s pr$ictions ( 8 dea? z b gloomy =ebod+s1 & began to rebuke him1 say+1 8,be x f> f !e1 ,"l2 ?is %all nev] be unto !e40 ,b he turn$ & said unto ,pet]1 8,get !e beh9d me1 ,satan2 ?\ art a /umbl+ block unto me3 = ?\ m9de/ n ! ?+s ( ,god b ! ?+s ( m540 7,mat!w xvi4 #bc2 ,m>k viii4 #cc47 ,six or eight days aft] ^! transactions ,jesus took ) him ,pet] & ,john & ,james1 & w5t up into a m\nta9 to pray2 & he 0 transfigur$ be=e !m4 ,z !y 7 com+ d[n f ! m\nta9 8he comm&$ !m to tell ! vision to no man until ! ,son ( ,man be ris5 f ! dead40 7,mat!w xvii4 #a1 #b2 ,m>k viii4 #b to #i2 ,luke ix4 #bh to #cf47 ,m>k adds 7d\btless f ,pet]71 t !y kept t say+1 que/ion+ among !mselves1 :at ! ris+ aga9 f ! dead %\ld mean4 ,elijah's appe>ance sugge/$ to !m ! "q1 8,:y d ! scribes say t ,elijah mu/ fir/ come80 ,to :i* ,jesus repli$1 8,elijah is come already1 & !y knew him n1 b did unto him :atsoev] !y li/$4 ,ev5 s %all ! ,son ( ,man also suff] ( !m40 ,!n und]/ood ! disciples t he spake unto !m ( ,john ! ,bapti/ 7,mat!w xvii4 #aj to #ac74 ,m>k 7ix4 #ab to #ad7 puts ! ref]5ce to ! ,son ( ,man 9 ! =m ( a "q3 8,& h[ is x writt5 ( ! ,son ( ,man t he %\ld suff] _m ?+s & be set at naught8 ,b ,i say unto y t ,elijah is come1 & !y h also done unto him :atsoev] !y li/$1 ev5 z x is writt5 ( him40 ,9 ei!r =m 8 own dea? is pr$ict$4 ,aft] ! transfiguration he w5t to ,cap]naum1 pass+ ?r\gh ,galilee4 8,& :ile !y abode 9 ,galilee1 ,jesus said unto !m1 #8,! ,son ( ,man %all be deliv]$ up into ! h&s ( m52 & !y %all kill him1 & ! ?ird day he %all be rais$ up4' ,& !y 7 exce$+ sorry40 7,mat!w xvii4 #bb1 #bc47 8#8,! ,son ( ,man is deliv]$ up into ! h&s ( m51 & !y %all kill him2 & :5 he is kill$1 aft] ?ree days he %all rise aga94' ,b !y und]/ood n ! say+1 & 7 afraid to ask him40 7,m>k ix4 #cj to #cb47 8#8,let ^! words s9k into y\r e>s3 = ! ,son ( ,man %all be deliv]$ up into ! h&s ( m54' ,b !y und]/ood n ?is say+1 & x 0 conceal$ f !m t !y %\ld n p]ceive x2 & !y 7 afraid to ask him ab\t ?is say+40 7,luke ix4 #dd1 #de47 ,x is n necess>y to suppose t x 0 o!rwise conceal$ ?an by _! dullness ( appreh5sion1 & preconceiv$ op9ions4 ,at ! fea/ ( ,tab]nacles1 ,jesus said to ! (fic]s :om ! ,ph>isees _h s5t to take him3 8,yet a little :ile am ,i ) y1 & ,i g unto him t s5t me4 ,ye %all seek me & %all n f9d me3 & :]e ,i am ye _c come40 7,john vii4 #cb to #ce47 ,he said ! same to ! ,ph>isees or ! 8,jews10 ! day foll[+ ! fea/ z he taught 9 ! temple2 & !y said1 8,w he kill himself1 t he sai? :i!r ,i g ye _c come80 ,9 reply1 aft] repeat+ 8 previ\s decl>ation1 he said1 8,:5 ye h lift$ up ! ,son ( ,man1 !n %all ye "k t ,i am he1 & t ,i d no?+ ( myself1 b z ! ,fa!r taught me1 ,i speak ^! ?+s4 ,& he t s5t me is ) me2 he ha? n left me alone2 = ,i d always ! ?+s t are pleas+ to him40 7,john viii4 #ba to #cj47 ,9 ! p>able ( ! good %eph]d spok5 soon aft] ! ,fea/1 ,jesus says3 8,i am ! good %eph]d 444 & ,i lay d[n my life = ! %eep4444 ,!re=e do? ! ,fa!r love me because ,i lay d[n my life t ,i may take x aga94 ,no man take? x away f me1 b ,i lay x d[n ( myself4 ,i h p[] to lay x d[n1 & ,i h p[] to take x aga94 ,?is comm&m5t receiv$ ,i ( my ,fa!r40 7,john x4 #aa to #ah47 ,he said to ,m>?a1 8,i am ! resurrection & ! life2 he t believe? on me1 ?\gh he die yet %all he live40 7,john xi4 #be47 ,z he 0 go+ up to ,j]usalem to ! ,passov] at :i* he 0 to suff]1 he aga9 repeat$ 8 ann\ncem5t to 8 disciples4 8,behold we g up to ,j]usalem2 & ! ,son ( ,man %all be deliv]$ unto ! *ief prie/s & scribes2 & !y %all condemn him to dea?1 & %all deliv] him unto ! ,g5tiles to mock1 to sc\rge1 & to crucify2 & ! ?ird day he %all be rais$ up40 7,mat!w xx4 #ah1 #ai47 8,behold1 we g up to ,j]usalem2 & ! ,son ( ,man %all be deliv]$ unto ! *ief prie/s & ! scribes2 & !y %all condemn him to dea?1 & %all deliv] him unto ! ,g5tiles2 & !y %all mock him1 & %all spit ^u him1 & %all sc\rge him1 & %all kill him2 & aft] ?ree days he %all rise aga940 7,m>k x4 #cc1 #cd47 8,behold we g up to ,j]usalem1 & all ! ?+s t are writt5 by ! prophets %all be accompli%$ unto ! ,son ( ,man2 = he %all be deliv]$ up unto ! ,g5tiles1 & %all be mock$1 & %amefully entreat$1 & spit ^u2 & !y %all sc\rge & kill him2 & ! ?ird day he %all rise aga94 ,& !y und]/ood none ( ^! ?+s2 & ?is say+ 0 hid f !m2 & !y p]ceiv$ n ! ?+s t 7 said40 7,luke xviii4 #ca to #cd47 ,imm$iately aft] 7z x w\ld seem71 ! "m ( ,james & ,john came ) !m ) ! reque/1 t ! sons might sit "o on 8 "r h&1 & "o on 8 left h&1 9 8 k+dom4 ,! t5 7 mov$ ) indignation4 ,b ,jesus said1 8,! ,son ( ,man came n to be m9i/]$ unto1 b to m9i/] & to give 8 life a ransom = _m40 7,mat!w xx4 #bj to #bh2 ,m>k x4 #de47 ,six days be=e ! ,passov]1 he came to ,be?any1 :]e ,laz>us 0 :om he _h rais$ f ! dead1 & !y made him a supp] 9 ! h\se ( ,simon2 & ,m>y 7! si/] ( ,laz>us7 ano9t$ 8 head & feet ) v preci\s o9tm5t4 ,?is excit$ ! ang] ( ,judas4 ,jesus said1 8,:y tr\ble ye ! woman1 = %e ha? wr\ght a good "w ^u me4 ,= ye h ! poor always ) y2 b me ye h n always1 = 9 t %e p\r$ ?is o9tm5t ^u my body %e did x to prep>e me = burial4 ,v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,:]esoev] ?is ,gospel %all be prea*$ 9 ! :ole _w1 t also :i* ?is woman ha? done %all be spok5 ( = a memorial ( h]40 7,mat!w xxvi4 #f to #ac2 ,m>k xiv4 #c to #aj2 ,john xii4 #b to #h47 ,imm$iately aft] 8 triumphal entry into ,j]usalem1 on ! fir/ day ( ! week ( 8 crucifixion1 he 0 told t c]ta9 ,greeks desir$ to see him4 ,x 0 to him a sign ( 8 glorification among ! ,g5tiles1 &1 !re=e1 ( 8 dea?4 ,he answ]$1 8,! h\r is come t ! ,son ( ,man %\ld be glorifi$4 ,v]ily1 v]ily ,i say unto y1 except a gra9 ( :eat fall into ! e>? & die1 x abide? by itself alone2 b if x die1 x be>e? mu* fruit4444 ,n[ is my s\l tr\bl$2 & :at %all ,i say8 ,fa!r1 save me f ?is h\r4 ,b = ?is cause came ,i unto ?is h\r4444 ,& ,i1 if ,i be lift$ up f ! e>?1 w draw all m5 unto myself40 ,b ?is he said signify+ by :at mann] ( dea? he %\ld die40 7,john xii4 #bj to #bb47 ,! p>able ( ! wick$ husb&man 7to be f\nd 9 all ! ,synoptics7 repres5ts !m z kill+ ! son & heir1 by :om1 z ! context %[s1 our ,"l 0 int5d$4 ,& ,jesus said1 8,did ye nev] read 9 ! ,scriptures3 #8,! /one :i* ! build]s reject$1 ,! same 0 made ! head ( ! corn]2 ,?is 0 f ! ,"l1 ,& x is m>vell\s 9 our eyes4' ,!re=e1 say ,i unto y1 ,! k+dom ( ,god %all be tak5 away f y1 & %all be giv5 to a nation br++ =? ! fruits !re(4 ,& he t falle? on ?is /one %all be brok5 to pieces2 b on :omsoev] x %all fall1 x w scatt] him z du/40 7,mat!w xxi4 #db to #de2 ,m>k xii4 #a to #ab2 ,luke xx4 #i to #aj47 ,& e day he 0 tea*+ 9 ! temple2 e night he w5t out & lodg$ 9 ! ,m\nt ( ,olives till ! ?ird day ( ! week 7,tuesday7 ) :i* 8 public m9i/ry end$2 & !n he dep>t$ f ! temple1 nev] to return4 ,:5 he _h f9i%$ 8 tea*+ 9 ! temple1 he said unto 8 disciples1 8,ye "k t aft] two days ! ,passov] come?1 & ! ,son ( ,man is deliv]$ up to be crucifi$40 7,mat!w xxvi4 #b47 ,pet] & ,john1 z he _h direct$1 made ready ! ,passov]1 & :5 ! h\r 0 come1 he sat d[n1 & ! ,apo/les ) him4 ,& he said unto !m1 8,) desire ,i h desir$ to eat ?is ,passov] ) y be=e ,i suff]40 7,luke xxii4 #g to #ae47 ,all ! ,evangeli/s /ate1 t ,jesus at ! ,passov] supp] said to ! twelve1 8,"o ( y %all betray me02 & two ( ! ,evangeli/s say t he designat$ ! traitor1 by ! giv+ ( ! sop4 7,mat!w xxvi4 #ba to #be2 ,m>k xiv4 #ah to #ba2 ,luke xxii4 #ba to #bc2 ,john xiii4 #ba to #ce47 ,aft] giv+ him ! sop1 ,jesus said to ,judas1 8,t ?\ doe/ d quickly20 & he hav+ receiv$ ! sop1 w5t out /raightway to c>ry out t :i* he _h be=e agre$2 & x 0 night4 7,luke xxii4 #b to #f2 ,john xiii4 #bf to #cj47 ,aft] ,judas _h gone out1 ,jesus said1 8,n[ is ! son ( man glorifi$1 & ,god is glorifi$ 9 him2 & to ,pet] he said1 ,:i!r ,i g ?\ can/ n foll[ me n[1 b ?\ %alt foll[ aft]w>ds40 7,john xii4 #cf1 #cg47 ,to ! in/itution ( ! ,"l's ,supp]1 !re is ! te/imony ( ! ?ree ,synoptic ,gospels1 & t ( ,paul2 f\r witnesses2 & its con/ant obs]vance f t "t to ! pres5t4 ,x 0 to commemorate 8 dea? to ! end ( ! _w1--8,take1 eat1 ?is is my body4444 ,dr9k ye all ( x2 = ?is is my blood ( ! cov5ant :i* is %$ = _m unto remission ( s9s40 7,mat!w xvii4 #bf to #bh47 8,take ye2 ?is is my body40 8,?is is my blood ( ! cov5ant :i* is %$ = _m40 7,m>k xiv4 #bb to #be47 8,?is is my body :i* is giv5 = y2 ?is d 9 remembrance ( me4444 ,?is cup is ! new cov5ant 9 my blood1 ev5 t :i* is p\r$ out = y40 7,luke xxii4 #ah to #bb47 8,?is is my body1 :i* is = y2 ?is d 9 remembrance ( me4444 ,?is cup is ! new cov5ant 9 my blood2 ?is d z (t z ye dr9k x 9 remembrance ( me4 ,= z (t5 z ye eat ?is bread & dr9k ! cup1 ye proclaim ! ,"l's dea? till he come40 7#a ,cor9?ians xi4 #bc to #bh47 ,to 8 say+ t he w\ld g be=e !m into ,galilee aft] 8 resurrection1 !re are two witnesses4 ,x 0 aft] !y _h sung _! hymn1 & _h gone out unto ! ,m\nt ( ,olives4 8,all ye %all be (f5d$ 9 me ?is night2 = x is writt5 ,i w smite ! %eph]d1 & ! %eep ( ! flock %all be scatt]$ abroad4 ,b aft] ,i am rais$ up ,i w g be=e y into ,galilee40 ,s1 ,mat!w4 ,m>k's acc\nt is3 8,& ,jesus sai? unto !m1 ,all ye %all be (f5d$2 = x is writt51 ,i w smite ! %eph]d1 & ! %eep %all be scatt]$ abroad4 ,h[beit aft] ,i am rais$ up ,i w g be=e y into ,galilee40 7,mat!w xxvi4 #ca1 #cb2 ,m>k xiv4 #bg1 #bh47 ,t ,pet] %\ld ?rice d5y t he knew him1 is prov$ by all ! ,evangeli/s4 8,v]ily1 v]ily1 ,i say unto !e1 t ?is night be=e ! cock cr[#d ?\ %alt d5y me ?rice40 7,mat!w xxvi4 #cd1 #ce47 8,i tell !e1 ,pet]1 ! cock %all n cr[ ?is day1 until ?\ %alt ?rice d5y t ?\ kn[e/ me40 7,luke xxii4 #cd47 8,v]ily1 v]ily1 ,i say unto !e1 ! cock %all n cr[ till ?\ ha/ d5i$ me ?rice40 7,john xiii4 #ch47 ,m>k 7probably f ,pet] himself7 says t :5 ,pet] said1 8,al?\gh all %\ld be (f5d$1 yet w n ,i10 ,jesus said to him1 8,v]ily ,i say unto !e1 t ?\ to-day1 ev5 ?is night1 be=e ! cock cr[ twice1 %alt d5y me ?rice40 8,b he spake exce$+ vehem5tly1 ,if ,i mu/ die ) !e1 ,i w n d5y !e4 ,& 9 l mann] said !y all40 7,m>k xiv4 #bf to #ca47 ,yet 9 ! disc\rse :i* foll[$1 ,jesus aga9 says1 8,behold ! h\r come?1 yea1 is come1 t ye %all be scatt]$1 e man to 8 own1 & %all leave me alone2 & yet ,i am n alone1 because ! ,fa!r is ) me40 7,john x4 #ca1 #cb47 8,yet a little :ile1 & ! _w beholde? me no m2 b ye behold me2 because ,i live ye %all live also40 7,john xiv4 #ai1 #bj47 8,peace ,i leave ) y2 my peace ,i give unto y2 n z ! _w give? ,i give unto y4 ,let n y\r he>t be tr\bl$1 nei!r let x be fe>ful40 8,ye he>d h[ ,i said to y1 ,i g away1 & ,i come unto y4 ,if ye lov$ me ye w\ld h rejoic$1 because ,i g unto ! ,fa!r1 = ! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i4 ,& n[ ,i h told y be=e x come to pass1 t :5 x is come to pass ye may believe40 7,john xiv4 #bg to #ca47 8,great] love ha? no man ?an ?is1 t a man lay d[n 8 life = 8 fri5ds4 ,ye are my fri5ds if ye d ! ?+s :i* ,i comm& y40 7,john xv4 #ac1 #ad47 8,b n[ ,i g unto him t s5t me1 & none ( y aske? me1 ,:i!r goe/ ?\8 ,b because ,i h spok5 ^! ?+s unto y sorr[ ha? fill$ y\r he>t40 7,john xv4 #e1 #f47 8,a little :ile & ye behold me no m1 & aga9 a little :ile & ye %all see me40 7,john xv4 #af47 8,v]ily1 v]ily1 ,i say unto y1 t ye %all weep & lam5t1 b ! _w %all rejoice2 ye %all be sorr[ful1 b y\r sorr[ %all be turn$ into joy40 7,john xvi4 #bj47 8,& ,i am no m 9 ! _w1 b ^! are 9 ! _w1 & ,i come to !e40 7,john xvii4 #aa47 8,aga9 ! high prie/ ask$ him & sai? unto him1 ,art ?\ ! ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ! ,bless$8 ,& ,jesus said1 ,i am1 & ye %all see ! ,son ( ,man sitt+ at ! "r h& ( p[]1 & com+ ) ! cl\ds ( heav540 7,m>k xiv4 #fb47 ,to ,pilate he said1 8,i am a k+02 & 8,?\ w\ld/ h no p[] aga9/ me1 except x 7 giv5 !e f above40 7,john xviii4 #cc to #cg2 xix4 #aa47 ,to ! p5it5t ?ief he said1 8,v]ily1 ,i say unto !e1 to-day %alt ?\ be ) me 9 p>adise40 7,luke xxiii4 #dc47 ,:5 he _h cri$ ) a l\d voice ,,he ,,said1 8,,fa!r1 ,,into ,,?y ,,h&s ,i ,,comm5d ,,my ,,_s40 7,luke xxiii4 #df47 ,& all ! ,evangeli/s1 f\r witnesses1 say t he 8gave up10 or 8yield$ up10 ! gho/4 ,!re is z mu* evid5ce ( ^! utt]ances 7& !y are n all ( 8 pr$ictions1 9 "s =m1 ( 8 dea? & resurrection71 z !re is ( any ( 8 say+s ^u any subject1 & !y are s int]wov5 ) ! entire n>rative t is impossible to set !m aside1 & leave any?+ to :i* we c safely ass5t z hi/orically true ( all 8 record$ acts & words4 ,!re is no alt]native1 except to believe t he utt]$ ^! pr$ictions1 or else to arbitr>ily set aside ! te/imony ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 z well z t ( ,paul4 ,x is impossible to save _! "* z hone/ witnesses1 & d5y t ,jesus at v>i\s times1 & 9 diff]5t ways1 =etold 8 dea? & ! circum/ances att5d+ x1 & also 8 resurrection1 & t aft] he 0 rais$ f ! dead1 he w\ld g be=e !m into ,galilee4 ,n t we h ! precise words1 nei!r m nor less1 t he utt]$4 ,9 no in/ance d any two ( ! five witnesses give precisely ! same words4 ,_! te/imony is 9 accordance ) :at usually,a occurs1 ) hone/ witnesses4 ,! witness says1 8,i _c give ! exact words1 or all ( !m40 ,he is told to give ! sub/ance ( :at 0 said2 & he does s to ! ext5t ( 8 recollection1 us+ "s ( ! same words1 d\btless1 b 9 ! ma9 express+ ! idea 9 language ( 8 own4 ,yet !re is suffici5t c]ta9ty1 = ! c\rt or jury1 9 matt]s ( ! greate/ conc]n4 ,x is1 9 ! highe/ degree1 unreasonable to dem& m ( ! ,evangeli/s4 ,x is also to be borne 9 m9d t nei!r ( !m pr(esses to give all ( our ,"l's say+s2 & ,john1 writ+ mu* lat] ?an ! o!rs1 purposely omitt$ _m ?+s z hav+ be5 already suffici5tly /at$4 ,if1 !n 7z x _c be d\bt$ 0 a fact71 ,jesus pla9ly =etold 8 dea?1 :y did x take 8 disciples by surprise8 ,! answ] to ?is "q may be t n till )9 six mon?s ( ! close ( 8 m9i/ry 7 !y ?us told2 ^? mon?s 7 cr[d$ ) 8 tea*+s & miracles1 multitudes 7 foll[+ him2 he _h j be=e ent]$ ,j]usalem z !y might expect _! ,messiah w\ld d1 amid/ ! hosannahs ( ?\s&s2 & !y 7 s fill$ ) _! visions ( 8 glory1 & _! false conceptions ( ! pr$ict$ ,messiah1 :om !y believ$ him to be1 t !y c\ld n und]/& him4 ,_! mi/ake "u ! circum/ances 0 a natural "o4 7,see also po/1 c4 #ai47 #a ,canon ,f>r>'s ,life ( ,*ri/1 c4 #ac2 ,lange1 ditto1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #bi2 ,john ii4 #ac-bb1 & iii #bb-be4 ,"h1 & 9 all subsequ5t ref]5ces1 ! citations are f ! ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 unless o!rwise /at$4 #b ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #bgc1 note1 cit+ ,/i]1 ii1 #aga4 #c ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #bgc1 note2 ,godet on ,luke1 p4 #bfe2 ,:itby1 z quot$ by ,scott1 on ,mat!w xii4 #dj2 ,g5esis i4 #e2 ,daniel viii4 #ad1 ) ,g5esis vii4 #d & #ag2 ,deut]onomy xiv4 #bh1 ) xxvi4 #ab2 #a ,samuel xx4 #ab1 ) v4 #ai2 #b ,*ronicles x4 #e1 ) v4 #ab2 ,mat!w xxvi4 #b1 ) xxvii4 #fc & #fd2 ,luke ii4 #ba1 ) i4 #ei2 #a ,k+s xx4 #bi2 ,e/h] iv4 #af2 ,gre5leaf on ! ,evangeli/s1 etc41 #bfh1 #bfi & notes4 #d ,! cock cr[s ab\t midnight & ab\t ?ree 9 ! morn+1 :i* 0 ! beg9n+ ( ! f\r? wat*4 ,galic9ium 7,cock-cr[+7 /&+ alone means ! latt] "t2 s t ! same "t is ref]r$ to by all4 ,gre5leaf's ,te/imony1 etc41 p4 #dcf1 & citations4 ,a ,see po/1 c4 #ai4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,ord] ,,( ,,ev5ts4 ,:atev] difficulties may exi/ z to m9or po9ts1 all ! facts necess>y to a correct decision ( ! "q ( ! ,resurrection may be asc]ta9$ ) reasonable c]ta9ty1 & ! ord] ( _! occurr5ce4,a ,t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 crucifi$ "u ,pontius ,pilate is ! te/imony ( all hi/ory4 ,t 8 crucifixion 0 ! day be=e ! ,jewi% ,sabba? is prov$ by all ! ,evangeli/s1 & ! con/ant obs]vance ( ! ,fir/ ,day ( ! week z ! ,"l's ,day4 ,hav+ be5 condemn$ to dea?1 & 8 execution entru/$ to ,roman soldi]s1 !re is ! /ronge/ presumption t ! s5t5ce 0 fully execut$4 ,?is presumption is confirm$ by all ! ,evangeli/s1 by ,paul 9 all 8 ,epi/les1 & by ! con/ant tea*+ ( all ! ,apo/les4 ,on ! day ( ,p5teco/1 ,pet] boldly said1 ,ye m5 ( ,israel1 ,jesus ( ,naz>e? be+ deliv]$ up by ! det]m9ate c\nsel & =ekn[l$ge ( ,god1 8ye by ! h& ( lawless m5 did crucify & slay20 & no "o call$ 9 "q ! fact ( 8 dea?4 ,aga91 at ! heal+ ( ! lame man1 he decl>$1 8,ye d5i$ ! ,holy & ,righte\s ,"o & ask$ = a murd]] to be grant$ unto y1 & kill$ ! ,pr9ce ( ,life20 ?is *>ge he repeat$ be=e ! ,sanh$rim2 & !re 0 no d5ial4 ,:5 ,pet] & ,john1 aft] _! release f prison1 7 br\ght be=e ! ,c\ncil1 "o *>ge aga9/ !m 03 8,ye h fill$ ,j]usalem ) y\r tea*+1 & int5d to br+ ?is man's blood ^u u40 ,/eph51 :5 br\ght be=e ! ,c\ncil1 decl>$1 8,ye h n[ become ! betray]s & murd]]s 444 ( ! ,righte\s ,"o40 ,if !re c\ld h be5 ! slighte/ d\bt ( ! actual dea? ( ,*ri/1 ! ,c\ncil w\ld h furni%$ ! evid5ce4 ,john solemnly decl>es t 8"o ( ! soldi]s1 ) a spe>1 pi]c$ 8 side1 & /raightway !re came out blood & wat]40 ,x 0 a ?ru/ by a ,roman soldi] to make ! fact ( dea? absolutely c]ta94 ,x 0 su* a result z w\ld h foll[$1 if1 f excessive labors & extreme agony1 !re 0 a collection ( wat] ab\t ! he>t1 or if f l causes1 & z ,dr4 ,/r\d & o!r em95t surgeons suppose1#a ! cause ( 8 dea? 0 a rupture or break+ ( ! he>t4 ,&1 f9ally1 n less ?an =ty times1 on diff]5t occasions1 & 9 a v>iety ( ways1 _h ,jesus =etold 8 dea?4 ,he in/itut$ a ,sacram5t to commemorate x2 he said to ! p5it5t ?ief3 8,?is day %alt ?\ be ) me 9 ,p>adise20 & 9 ! extreme mom5t1 8,fa!r1 into ?y h&s ,i comm5d my ,_s40 ,x is n possible to accept ! hypo!sis ( 8 return to life f a /ate ( le?>gy1 )\t de/roy+ 8 moral "*1 z well z t ( 8 disciples4 ,:]e 0 he1 :5 ,pet] & ,/eph5 7 *>g+ home 8 dea? ^u ! guilty ,jews8 ,:]e 0 he1 :5 ,/eph5 suff]$ m>tyrdom = 8 sake1 & :5 8 apo/les & disciples 7 prea*+ 8 dea? & resurrection8 ,ev5 ,/rauss is con/ra9$ to say 8,! :ole c\ntry-side knew t he 0 dead40 ,he 0 buri$4 ,s says ,paul1 &#b all ! ,evangeli/s4 ,z ! day ( ! crucifixion 0 draw+ to its close1 t ! bodies %\ld n rema9 on ! cross#b ^u ! ,sabba? 7= t day#b ( ! ,sabba?1 0 a high day71 ! ,jews ask$ ( ,pilate t ! legs ( ^? :o _h be5 crucifi$ might be brok51#b & !y be tak5 away4 ,! soldi]s brake ! legs ( ! o!rs1 b n ( ,jesus1 = !y f\nd t he 0 already dead2 & 8 dea? 0 assur$ by "o ( ! soldi]s4 ,!reupon ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 a ri* man & a c\nsellor1 begg$ ! body ( ,jesus4 ,pilate1 aft] he knew f ! c5turion t he 0 dead1 comm&$ x to be deliv]$4 ,joseph1 ) ,nicodemus1 w\nd x 9 f9e l95 ) spices1 & laid x 9 8 own new tomb1 hewn out 9 ! rock1 roll$ a great /one 8to10 or 8aga9/0 ! door1 & dep>t$4 ,! sepul*re 0 8nigh at h&10 o!rwise1 !re w\ld n h be5 "t = ! burial be=e ! com+ 9 ( ! ,sabba?4 ,! next#c day ! *ief prie/s & ,ph>isees or "s ( !m1 obta9$ f ,pilate a gu>d1 & made ! sepul*re sure1 seal+ ! /one 7,mat!w xxvii4 #fb1 #ff74 ,! objection t !y c\ld n h kn[n t ,jesus _h said1 8,aft] ?ree days ,i w rise aga910 is well answ]$ by ,al=d3 8,n ! say+1 b its mean+ 0 hid f 8 disciples40 ,judas knew x1 & may h in=m$ ! *ief prie/s & ,ph>isees ( x2 & !y may h kn[n x f o!r s\rces1 = x 0 n spok5 9 secret4 ,nor ) _! p]v]se rejection ( him :ile !y c\ld n d5y 8 works1 is x improbable t !y might h "s appreh5sion ( ! necessity ( a gu>d8 ,we are n to judge !m f our /&po9t1 b f !irs4 ,!y did n believe t he 0 ! ,messiah 7,acts iii4 #ag2 #a ,cor9?ians ii4 #h74 ,!y said & d\btless believ$1 aft] a fa%ion1 8,he deceive? ! p0 & 8ca/e? out devils ?r\gh ! pr9ce ( ! devils40 ,_! guilty fe>s 7 ! occasion ( ?is increas$ c]ta9ty ( 8 resurrection4 ,! m5tion ( a gu>d by ,mat!w 7al?\gh n by ! o!r ,evangeli/s71 is 9 p]fect keep+ ) 8 previ\s occupation1 :i* _h l$ him to make1 & obs]ve1 precautions aga9/ fraud4 ,x 01 9 8 view1 z 9 ours1 an important fact t _! precautions aga9/ imposition _h react$ ^u !mselves4 ,8 n>rative is unimpea*$4 ,x 0 publi%$ e>ly1 & 8 /atem5t ( ! appo9tm5t ( a gu>d 0 n contradict$4 ,! facts mu/ /& t ,jesus di$1 & 0 buri$2 & at ! in/ance ( 8 bitt]e/ foes1 soldi]s gu>d$ 8 tomb aga9/ ! little company ( 8 fright5$ foll[]s4 ,at a v e>ly h\r on ! fir/ day ( ! week x 0 kn[n t ! /one _h be5 roll$ away1 & ! body ( ,jesus 0 n 9 ! tomb4 ,su* is ! te/imony ( all ! ,evangeli/s4 ,?is great fact is at ! ?re%old ( our inquiry4 ,x mu/ be acc\nt$ =4 ,! ,*ri/ian's explanation is t ,jesus rose f ! dead1 & an angel ( ! ,"l desc5d$ & roll$ away ! /one4 ,! acc\nt :i* ! soldi]s 7 induc$ to circulate 01 t 8 disciples came by night & /ole him away :ile !y slept4 ,?is /ory 0 curr5t among ! ,jews :5 ,mat!w wrote#d 8 ,gospel1 & :51 ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s aft]1 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr wrote to ,trypho ! ,jew4 ,x ought n to be difficult to det]m9e :i* explanation is ! true "o4 ,z soon z ,m>y ,magdal5e 7:o 0 ( ! company ( wom5 :o came fir/ to see ! sepul*re71 saw t ! /one 0 roll$ away1 %e ran to ,pet] & ,john1 say+1 8,!y h tak5 away ! ,"l out ( ! tomb & we "k n :]e !y h laid him40 7,john xx4 #b47 ,! o!r wom5#e ent]$ into ! sepul*re1 & f\nd n ! body ( ,jesus1 b saw two angels1 "o ( :om said to !m1 8,he is n "h1 he is ris52 b g y\r way & tell 8 disciples & ,pet]1 t he goe? be=e y into ,galilee1 !re %all ye see him z he said unto y40 7,:y %\ld ! ,apo/les be told t ,jesus w\ld g be=e !m into ,galilee1 if he 0 to %[ himself to !m t v day at ,j]usalem8 ,bo? to prep>e !m = ! int]view at ,j]usalem1 & 9 ord] t ! tid+s might be c>ri$ to all ! disciples1 ! mo/ ( :om 7 9 ,galilee47 ,!y dep>t$ quickly ) fe> & great joy1 & told ^! ?+s unto su* ( ! ,apo/les z !y f\nd 9 ! city2 b 8^! words appe>$ 9 _! sight z idle talk2 & !y disbeliev$ !m40 7,luke xxiv4 #aa47 ,z soon z ,pet] & ,john knew f ,m>y ,magdal5e1 ( ! op5 sepul*re1 !y ran bo? toge!r1 b ,john outran ,pet] & came fir/ to ! tomb2 8& /oop+ & look+ 91 he see? ! l95 clo!s ly+2 yet ent]$ he n 94 ,simon ,pet] !re=e also come?1 foll[+ him1 & ent]s into ! tomb2 & he beholde? ! l95 clo!s ly+ & ! napk9 t 0 ^u 8 head1 n ly+ ) ! l95 clo!s1 b roll$ up 9 a place by itself4 ,!n ent]$ 9 !re=e ! o!r disciple also1 :i* came fir/ to ! tomb1 & he saw & believ$4 ,= z yet !y knew n ! ,scripture t he mu/ rise aga9 f ! dead4 ,s ! disciples w5t away aga9 unto _! own home40 7,john xx4 #a-aj47 ,su* is ! circum/antial acc\nt giv5 by ,john ( ! /ate ( ?+s at ! tomb1 z !y f\nd x be=e ,jesus appe>$ to any "o1 & be=e !y _h receiv$ any in=mation t he _h ris5 f ! dead4 ,! body 0 n !re4 ,x c\ld h>dly h be5 remov$ by fri5ds1 & !y bo? be ignorant ( x4 ,_h x be5 tak5 by enemies8 ,!re 7 ! l95 clo!s1 & !re1 roll$ up 9 a place by itself1 0 ! napk94 ,:o _h arrang$ !m ?us8 8,all _h be5 done calmly1 collect$ly4 ,nei!r e>?ly fri5ds nor e>?ly foes _h done x2 ! "o w\ld n h /ripp$ ! g>m5ts f ! body1 ! o!r w\ld h be5 at no pa9s s c>efully to arrange#f & deposit !m40 ,s ,john mu/ h reason$ &1 p]haps recall+ :at ,jesus _h said1 he believ$4 ,he believ$ f :at he saw1 & n f ! ,scriptures1 = z yet he knew n f !m1 t ! ,*ri/ 8mu/ rise aga9 f ! dead40 ,x is n probable t he !n av[$ 8 conviction4 ,he tru/$ t ,jesus w\ld1 9 due "t1 reveal himself to !m all4 ,! p>ticul>s ( 8 appe>ance to ,m>y ,magdal5e appe> 9 ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,%e 0 n expect+ to see him1 &1 bl9d$ by h] te>s1 %e knew n t x 0 ,jesus until he spoke h] "n1 d\btless 9 a famili> tone4 ,%e turne? h]self1 & sai? unto him 9 ,hebrew1 ,rabboni1 :i* is to say1 ,ma/]4 ,%e w\ld h clung to him4 ,jesus _h told 8 disciples be=e 8 crucifixion t he 0 to g to ! ,fa!r4 ,b ?is ev5t 0 yet 9 ! future2 & :5 %e w\ld deta9 him1 ,jesus sai? to h]1 ,t\* me n 7or ,take n hold on me7 = ,i am n yet asc5d$ unto ! ,fa!r3 b g unto my bre?r5 & say to !m1 ,i asc5d unto my ,fa!r1 & y\r ,fa!r1 & my ,god1 & y\r ,god4 ,?is w\ld rem9d !m ( :at he _h told !m2 & w\ld rem9d h]1 z ,pet] aft]w>ds 0 rem9d$1 t %e w\ld be/ manife/ h] love by will+ s]vice4 ,%e obey$4 ,b ^? to :om %e told x1 :5 !y he>d t he 0 alive1 & _h be5 se5 ( h]1 disbeliev$4 7,m>k xvi4 #ag47 ,! o!r wom5 aft] deliv]+ ! message ( ! angels1 return$4 ,& behold ,jesus met !m say+ 8,all ,hail40 ,& !y came & took hold ( 8 feet & wor%ipp$ him4 ,!n sai? ,jesus unto !m1 ,fe> n3 g tell my bre?r5 t !y dep>t into ,galilee1 & !re %all !y see me4 7,mat!w xxviii4 #i1 #aj47 ,mat!w1 speak+ 9 a g5]al way1 does n di/+ui% ?is appe>ance f t to ,m>y ,magdal5e1 b bl5ds ! two toge!r4 ,! salutation 0 diff]5t1 & ! message & ! circum/ances 7 diff]5t4 ,nor is x1 z ,/rauss 7p4 #hac7 va9ly imag9es1 any objection to ! hypo!sis ( sep>ate appe>ances1 t x involves 8a re/less runn+ to & fro ( ! disciples & ! wom520 = "u ! int5se excitem5t x c\ld h>dly h be5 o!rwise4#g ,jesus jo9$ himself to two ( ! disciples on _! j\rney to ,emmaus1 disc\rs$ to !m by ! way1 & made himself kn[n 9 ! break+ ( bread4 ,"o ( !m 0 ,cleopas1 ! o!r 78 "n n giv57 is suppos$#h to h be5 ,luke4 ,:5 !y left ,j]usalem1 ! woman _h report$ ! message f ! angel4 ,pet] & ,john _h return$ f ! tomb1 b no "o _h se5 ! ,ris5 ,"l4 ,! "t ( _! leav+ 0 be=e ,m>y ,magdal5e _h told t %e _h se5 ! ,"l4 ,! day !re=e mu/ h be5 consid]ably advanc$ be=e ,jesus appe>$ to h]4 ,x 0 t[>d ev5+1 :5 ,jesus sat d[n ) !m to meat4 ,_! eyes 7 op5$ & !y knew him1 & he 8vani%$ out ( _! sight40 ,& !y rose up t v h\r & return$ to ,j]usalem1 & f\nd ! elev5 ga!r$ toge!r & !m t 7 ) !m1 say+1 8,! ,"l is ris5 inde$1 & ha? appe>$ to ,simon40 ,?is1 z we le>n f ,paul1 0 ! fir/ appe>ance to any ( ! ,apo/les4 ,! "t & place are n m5tion$4 ,we only "k t x 0 be=e ! arrival ( ! two disciples4 ,emmaus#i 0 ab\t eight miles f ,j]usalem4 ,! n>rative seems to indicate t ! ev5t _h b j occurr$4 ,! two disciples rehe>s$ ! ?+s t _h happ5$4 ,z !y spake1 ,jesus himself /ood 9 ! mid/ ( ! disciples1 & said1 8,peace be unto y40 ,b !y 7 t]rifi$ & affright$1 & suppos$ t !y beheld a _s4 ,he said unto !m1 8,:y are ye tr\bl$1 & :]e=e d reason+s arise 9 y\r he>t8 ,see my h&s & my feet1 t x is ,i myself2 h&le me & see2 = a _s ha? n fle% & bones1 z ye behold me hav+40 ,& :5 he _h said ?is1 he %[$ !m 8 h&s & 8 feet2 & :ile !y /ill disbeliev$ = joy & wond]$1 he said unto !m1 8,h ye "h any?+ to eat80 & !y gave him a piece ( broil$ fi%4 ,& he took x1 & did eat be=e !m4 7,luke xxiv4 #ce-dc47 ,b ,?omas1 :o 0 n ) !m1 hav+ said1 8,except ,i %all see 9 8 h&s ! pr9t ( ! nails1 & put my f+] into ! pr9t ( ! nails1 & put my h& into 8 side1 ,i w n believe10 ,jesus eight days aft] /ood 9 _! mid/ & said1 8,peace be unto y40 ,!n sai? he to ,?omas1 8,rea* hi!r ?y f+]1 & see my h&s2 & rea* hi!r ?y h&1 & put x into my side3 & be n fai?less1 b believ+40 ,?omas answ]$ & said unto him1 8,my ,"l & my ,god40 ,jesus sai? unto him1 8,because ?\ ha/ se5 me ?\ ha/ believ$2 bless$ are !y t h n se5 & yet h believ$40 7,john xx4 #bd-bi47 ,aft] ^! ?+s ,jesus manife/$ himself at ! ,sea ( ,tib]ias1 to ,pet]1 ,?omas1 ,na?aniel1 ,james1 ,john & two o!rs4 ,x 0 on ?is occasion t he ?ree times ask$ ,simon ,pet]1 8,love/ ?\ me80 & he signifi$ to him by :at dea? he %\ld glorify ,god4 ,?is is said to be ! ?ird "t t he manife/$ himself to ! disciples1 i4 e41 to ! ,apo/les :5 !y 7 toge!r4 7,john xxi4 #a-bc47 ,!n he appe>$ 7says ,paul7 to above five hundr$ bre?r5 at once1 ( :om ! great] "p rema9 until n[1 b "s are fall5 asleep4 ,paul is speak+ only ( manife/ations to ,apo/les or "s ( !m4 ,! ,apo/les surely 7 n abs5t f ?is great assembly4 ,all ! circum/ances indicate t x 0 ! meet+ :i* he _h provid$#aj =1 be=e 8 crucifixion1 & t x occurr$ on a m\nta9 9 ,galilee4 ,!n he appe>$ to ,james4 ,paul is our au?ority4 ,nei!r "t1 nor place1 nor circum/ance is giv54 ,x is /rong confirmation ( ! g5u95ess ( our writ+s t !re is no disclosure ( ! p>ticul>s ( ! int]view ) ei!r ,pet]1 ! fir/ ( ! ,apo/les1 or ) ,james1 our ,"l's bro!r4 ,jesus d\btless _h some?+ to say to ea* = himself alone1 & none ( ! sacr$ writ]s h lift$ ! veil4 ,at ! end ( ! =ty days he l$ ! ,apo/les out ov] aga9/ ,be?any1 gave !m 8 f9al *>ge1 & lift$ up 8 h&s & bless$ !m4 ,& x came to pass :ile he bless$ !m1 he p>t$ f !m1 & 0 c>ri$ up into heav54 7,luke xxiv4 #ej-ec2 ,acts i4 #a-ab47 ,su* are "s ( ! pro(s ( 8 resurrection4 ,_! suffici5cy z evid5ce ( x1 & its logical results1 rema9 to be consid]$4 ,a ,& h5ce !re is no occasion to inquire :e!r ! ,evangeli/s agree precisely z to ! details 7z f> z giv57 ( 8 arre/1 or trial1 or crucifixion4 ,t he 0 arre/$ & tri$ & crucifi$ is admitt$ on all h&s4 #a ,al=d on ,john's ,gospel4 ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 pp4 #ccc1 #ccd4 ,/r\d on ! ,physical ,cause ( ! ,dea? ( ,*ri/4 ,fri$lieb1 p4 #afg4 ,! ,la/ ,day ( ,our ,"l's ,passion1 by ,rev4 ,wm4 ,hanna1 ,,ll4,d41 c4 #ac1 & ,app5dix4 ,b>nes' ,notes1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #chf4 #b #a ,cor9?ians xv4 #c1 #d2 ,acts xiii4 #bh1 #bi2 ,deut]onomy xxi4 #bb1 #bc2 ,john xix4 #ca-ci2 ,luke xxxiii4 #ej-ed2 ,m>k xv4 #db-df2 ,mat!w xxvii4 #eg-fj4 #c ,x does n appe> t !re 0 a =mal meet+ ( ! ,sanh$rim1 & ! act may h proce$$ f ! m viol5t memb]s ( x4 ,! "t may h be5 dur+ _! ,sabba?1 or at its close1 :i* w\ld h be5 9 season4 ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 p4 #cdc2 ,f>r>1 c4 #fb4 #d ,mat!w xxviii4 #ae2 ,dialogue1 c4 #ajh4 #e ,m>y1 ! "m ( ,james1 ,salome1 ,joanna1 wife ( ,*uza1 ,h]od's /ew>d1 & o!r wom5 f ,galilee :o beheld ! sepul*re & :]e he 0 laid4 ,!y may n h come all at ! same "t1 b 9 diff]5t companies4 ,mat!w xvii4 #ee1 #ef1 & xxviii1 #a-g2 ,m>k xv4 #dj1 #da1 #dg1 & xvi4 #a-h2 ,luke xxiii4 #di1 #ee1 #ef1 & xxiv4 #a-aj2 ,john xx4 #a2 ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 pp4 #cfb1 #cfh4 #f ,! ,=ty ,days aft] ,our ,"l's ,resurrection1 by ,rev4 ,william ,hanna1 ,,ll4,d41 p4 #ec4 #g ,! words 8z !y w5t to tell 8 disciples10 9 our common v]sion1 are want+ 9 ! ,s9aitic & ,vatican manuscripts4 ,_! omission 9 ! ,revis$ ,v]sion removes a difficulty4 ,! true text does n /ate :5 x 01 t ,jesus met !m4 #h ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 p4 #chc4 #i ,all attempts to id5tify ?is ) c]ta9ty1 out ( ! num]\s villages 9 ! vic9ity ( ,j]usalem1 h fail$4 ,see ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,iii42 ,rob9son1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 pp4 #adf-aej2 ,b>nes' ,notes1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #ajg4 #aj #a ,cor9?ians xv4 #f2 ,mat!w xxviii4 #g1 #aj1 #af2 ,m>k xvi4 #g1 #ae1 #ah2 ,lange1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 p4 #daa2 ,f>r>1 c4 #fb2 ,hanna's ,=ty ,days1 c4 #h1 p4 #ahe2 c4 #i1 p4 #bbi2 ,geikie1 c4 #fd4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,suffici5cy ,,( ,,! ,,pro(s 7,,false ,,assumptions74 ,evid5ce :i* ought to conv9ce a reasonable man %\ld be deem$ suffici5t4 ,! /&+ objection f ! days ( ,celsus1 t ,jesus %\ld h %[n himself aft] 8 resurrection to 8 enemies1 is unreasonable4 ,x is z if "o %\ld refuse to believe ! transfiguration1 ! rais+ ( ! daught] ( ,jairus1 or ! agony 9 ! g>d51 because n witness$ by ! multitude1 & by only ,pet]1 ,james1 & ,john ( ! ,apo/les4 ,8 humiliation & suff]+s 7 end$4 ,n aga9 0 he to be mock$1 & sc\rg$1 & crucifi$4 ,^? :o _h wilfully reject$ him1 w\ld h be5 no m conv9c$ ?an be=e4 ,!y _h said he ca/ out devils ?r\gh ! pr9ce ( devils4 ,!y _h plott$ to put ,laz>us also to dea?1 :om he _h rais$ up be=e _! eyes4 ,!y _h brib$ ! soldi]s to report t 8 body _h be5 /ol54 ,!y w\ld h proclaim$ t he 0 n dead1 or else t 8 return to life 0 by ! ag5cy ( ,satan4 ,to return to ^? :o _h put e insult ^u him1 & 7 ready to r5ew ! attack1 c\ld only h be5 to _! swift de/ruction1 & ! "t = ?is _h n come4 ,& ev5 if "s ( !m _h believ$1 x w\ld h add$ no?+ to ! pro(4 ,any "o :o n[ refuses to accept ! g5u95ess ( ! ,gospel1 or ! cr$ibility ( ! writ]s1 or1 accept+ bo?1 refuses to believe ^u ! te/imony ( 8 disciples1 w\ld n be conv9c$ by any am\nt ( evid5ce4 ,!re w\ld rema9 e "q ( cr$ibility1 &1 9 addition1 t ( p]sonal id5tity1 z to :i* only ^? intimately acqua9t$ ) him 7 fully qualifi$ to judge4 ,! pro(s w be f\nd suffici5t by ^? :o are dispos$ to lay aside preconceiv$ adv]se op9ions1 & believe ! fact :5 x is prov$4 ,,pro( ,,is ,,possible4 ,! ev5t may h occurr$4 ,by ?is is meant t x _c be said t its occurr5ce is1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 an impossibility4 ,! exi/5ce ( ! ,"l ,god ,almighty1 ! ,jehovah ( ! ,scriptures1 may be real1 z accept$ by ! reason & consci5ce ( mo/ m5 9 civiliz$ nations4 ,x may h be5 )9 8 p[] to raise 8 ,son1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 f ! dead2 & !re may h be5 suffici5t reasons = ! ex]cise ( ?is p[]4 ,he may h be5 able to d ?is1 )\t violat+1 or susp5d+1 any law ( 8 univ]se4 ,! resurrection may h be5 z con=mable to law z ! dea? ( ! body4 ,! law ( gravitation is nei!r violat$ nor susp5d$1 b m]ely ov]come1 9 numb]less in/ances e day1 by ! introduction ( :at is1 "u ! circum/ances1 a great] =ce2 & x may be a univ]sal law t ! great] =ce 7o!r ?+s be+ equal7 %all ov]come ! less4 ,if x 7 true t ! l _h nev] occurr$1 x _c be ma9ta9$ t ,god has n 9 any in/ance done some?+ :i* he _h n done be=e1 & ( :i* consequ5tly !re _h be5 no previ\s exp]i5ce4 8,m510 says ,dr4 ,taylor1#a 8are cont9ually rea*+ results :i* ! =ces ( nature1 left to !mselves1 nev] c\ld h caus$2 & if ?is be s ) m51 :y %\ld we d5y to ,god ! possibility ( int]v5+ 9 a simil> way1 & s produc+ effects t are n m]ely sup]natural1 b sup]human80 ,& :y1 we ask1 %\ld we d5y to him ! possibility ( do+ some?+ :i* he has n done be=e2 8,my ,fa!r worke? hi!rto10 said ,jesus1 8& ,i "w40 8,!#b affirmation ( ! impossibility ( a miracle c>ries ) x ! elim9ation ( ,god out ( ! univ]se40 ,!re is no escape f ?is conclusion2 & consequ5tly !re are ^? :o admit ! possibility#c ( miracles1 ev5 :ile d5y+ t !y c be prov$4 ,! ev5t1 !n1 may h occurr$4 ,x is a "q ( evid5ce4 ,aga91 if ,*ri/ did rise f ! dead1 he w\ld give 8 disciples suffici5t evid5ce ( x4 ,he c\ld give to ! bodily s5ses & p]ceptive p[]s :i* !y _h z o!r m5 h 7& :i* 8exp]i5ce0 tells u1 may be tru/$ :5 !y h a fair *ance71 su* pro(s ( 8 resurrection t !y c\ld believe x1 & rationally believe x4 ,?is may be said to be almo/ a truism4 ,to conc$e t ,god c\ld1 & did1 raise ,jesus ,*ri/ f ! dead1 & d5y t he c\ld1 or w\ld1 af=d evid5ce ( x1 if n an utt] absurdity1 is 9 ! highe/ degree unreasonable1 & we are n try+ to conv9ce any b reasonable m54 ,to :at end %\ld he p]=m ?is miracle1 & yet af=d no evid5ce ( x8 ,! "q "r "h is n :e!r we h suffici5t evid5ce = our assurance1 b :e!r 8 disciples c\ld reasonably be conv9c$ ( 8 resurrection1 assum+ t x really took place4 ,!n if !y might rationally believe :at actually occurr$1 ^u evid5ce furni%$ !m1 ^? to :om !y decl>$ x1 & we to :om _! te/imony has come1 may also believe x4 ,if !y 7 n b\nd to reject ! evid5ce ( _! own s5ses1 because ( previ\s exp]i5ce or ! want ( x1 nei!r 7 ^? to :om !y prea*$1 nor we ourselves1 b\nd to reject x4 ,9 o!r words1 assum+ t ,*ri/ did rise f ! dead1 & assum+ t satisfactory pro(s ( 8 resurrection 7 giv5 to 8 disciples1 x is n impossible t suffici5t evid5ce ( bo? ( ^! facts may be accessible to u4 ,to d5y ?is1 is to say t ,*ri/ mu/ die & rise aga91 9 e age1 & 9 e place1 :]e !re are nations or p]sons1 :e!r few or _m1 :o h n be=e witness$ su* ev5ts4 ,yet to ?is absurdity mu/ ,hume's fam\s argum5t f exp]i5ce come4 ,if ,jesus rose f ! dead1 ! fact 0 susceptible ( pro( to 8 disciples4 ,x 0 susceptible ( pro( to ^? :o believ$ x on ! te/imony ( 8 disciples4 ,x is susceptible ( pro( to "o to :om t te/imony is transmitt$4 ,assum+ 8 resurrection to be true1 x w\ld be m wond]ful ?an a miracle1 if all means ( a rational belief 9 ! fact 7 ! exclusive prop]ty ( 8 imm$iate disciples2 & _! contempor>ies & all aft] !m1 to ! end ( "t1 be compell$ 9 ! ex]cise ( "r reason to reject x1 not)/&+ x is true4 ,h5ce we say z ! basis ( fur!r argum5t t ! resurrection may h occurr$2 & if x did occur1 we und\bt$ly h su* evid5ce ( x z may be accept$ by a reasonable man4 ,leav+1 !n1 ! possible = ! probable1 9 a matt] t is b a "q ( evid5ce4 ,,:at ,,are ,,! ,,pro(s8 ,! fact ( ,*ri/'s resurrection 0 proclaim$ by 8 ,apo/les & disciples f ! beg9n+ ( _! m9i/ry1 comm5c+ on ! ,day ( ,p5teco/1 fifty days aft] ! crucifixion4 ,?is fact 01 z express$ by ,paul1 t ,*ri/ 8di$10 & 0 8buri$10 & 0 8rais$ on ! ?ird day20 & by ,luke t 8he %[$ himself alive aft] 8 passion1 by _m pro(s10 appe>+ unto ! ,apo/les :om he _h *os5#d1 = =ty days1 8& speak+ ! ?+s conc]n+ ! k+dom ( ,god20 & by ,pet]1 8:om ,god rais$ up1 hav+ loos$ ! pangs ( dea? because x 0 n possible t he %\ld be hold5 ( x30 & 8,ye kill$ ! ,pr9ce ( ,life1 :om ,god rais$ f ! dead2 :]e( we are witnesses40 ,! evid5ce be+ conclusive t su* 0 ! proclamation1 h[ is x to be acc\nt$ =8 ,! obvi\s explanation is1 t ! ,apo/les s prea*$ because !y s believ$1 & because su* 0 ! fact1 & !y _h suffici5t evid5ce ( x3 & ?is has be5 accept$ by ! *ur* ^! eighte5 hundr$ ye>s4 ,h[ d infidels acc\nt = ! prea*+ ( ! ,resurrection )9 fifty days aft] ! crucifixion8 ,"s h claim$ t 8 dea? 0 n real1 & t he recov]$ f a swoon4 ,?is is disprov$ by ! evid5ce to :i* we h ref]r$#d1 &1 al?\gh once held by ,paulus & o!rs1 has by lat] skeptical writ]s be5 8treat$ ) contempt40#e 8,! :ole c\ntry-side10 says ,/rauss1#f 8knew t he 0 dead40 ,roman execution]s made sure "w4 ,pilate refus$ 8 cons5t to any removal until he _h in/itut$ an inquiry1 & knew t ,jesus 0 dead2 nor is x possible to accept ! hypo!sis ( a return f m]e le?>gy or trance1 )\t de/roy+ 8 moral "*4 ,?is hypo!sis may be put aside4 ,o!rs h claim$ t ! ,apo/les did n believe :at !y prea*$4 ,to accept ?is view we mu/ conclude t1 )\t motive & aga9/ e motive1 & 8amid/ suff]+s ! mo/ griev\s to fle% & blood1 !y p]sev]$ 9 a conspiracy to *eat ! _w into piety1 hone/y & b5evol5ce40 ,consci5ce & common s5se revolt aga9/ su* a !ory1 & x %>es ! fate ( ! o!r4 ,x has1 says ,pr(essor ,milligan1#g 8be5 ab&on$ by e inquir] to :om a mom5t's att5tion is due40 ,! f9al refuge ( mo/ infidel writ]s1 is ! !ory ( visions4 ,by ?is !y mean t ! appe>ances ( our ,"l 7 ei!r optical illusions1 or m]e halluc9ations4 ,"s1 l ,dr4 ,hooykaas#h 9 ,holl&1 & ,judge ,waite#h 9 ?is c\ntry1 claim t ! doctr9e prea*$ 0 n t ,*ri/'s body 0 rais$ up1 b t 8 _s came back f ,hades1 or ! place ( dep>t$ spirits4 ,we h be=e#i %[n t su* a conception is an entire p]v]sion ( ! language ( ,paul1 z well z ( ! ,evangeli/s4 ,& ,mr4 ,hooykaas' argum5t t we are nev] told t ,jesus rose 8f dea?10 f> less 8f ! grave10 b always 8f ! dead10 does n agree ) ! record2 & if x did1 ! inf]5ce w\ld be unw>rantable4 ,:5 ! angel said to ! woman1 8,:y seek ye ! liv+ among ! dead8 he is n "h b is ris510 !y 7 n look+ = him 9 ,hades6 ,pet]1 9 ! passage f :i* we h quot$1 di/+ui%es betwe5 ,hades & ! grave1 = he says1 t ,david1 8=esee+1 spoke ( ! resurrection ( ,*ri/1 t nei!r 0 8 s\l left 9 ,hades1 nor did 8 fle% see corruption4 ,?is ,jesus did ,god raise up40 ,n[1 by :at evid5ce is ! !ory ( visions or optical illusions to be te/$8 ,by ! :ole evid5ce8 ,by suppress+ a "p1 & *ang+ ! re/8 ,judicial fairness requires t ! :ole be consid]$1 j z x comes to u1 reconcil+ su* p>ts z may be reconcil$1 & adopt+ ! m probable view 9 case ( any seem+ contradictions1 if !re are any4 ,yet ^? :o d5y ! resurrection adopt a c\rse t c\ld n be tol]at$ 9 any judge or jury1 or secul> hi/orian4 ,!y suppress1 or supply1 z be/ suits _! !ory4 ,?us "s ( !m assume t !re 7 no appe>ances at ,j]usalem1 al?\gh ! contr>y is pla9 9 all ! ,evangeli/s4 ,ev5 ,m>k1 :om ,/rauss treats z giv+ ! olde/ tradition1 repres5ts ! wom5 z go+ to ! sepul*re4 ,?is implies t !y 7 at ,j]usalem1 if ! sepul*re 0 at ,j]usalem4 ,7 !y !re alone8 ,m>k1 9 say+ t 8! disciples left ,jesus :5 he 0 arre/$1 & fl$10 does n say t !y fl$ f ,j]usalem4 ,on ! contr>y1 he1 9 ! same *apt]1 speaks ( ,pet] z foll[+ ,jesus af> (f1 & !n d5y+ him4 ,& s 9 ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 8! disciple :om ,jesus lov$0 is said to h be5 s ne> to ! cross1 t ,jesus c\ld say unto him 8,behold ?y "m60 ,!y w\ld n leave ,j]usalem till ! end ( ! ,fea/4 ,?is cont9u$ "o week1 ! fir/ day & ! la/ be+ 8an holy convocation40 ,al?\gh !y fl$ at fir/1 !y ralli$2 & !y did n leave ,j]usalem till !y _h con=m$ to ! requirem5ts ( ! law4 ,m>k also1 9 giv+ ! direction1 8,g tell 8 disciples & ,pet]10 8,he goe? be=e y into ,galilee10 implies t !y _h n yet gone into ,galilee4 ,!y also assume t ! ,apo/les believ$ because ( ,m>y ,magdal5e's fai?4 ,?is is pure fiction4 ,pet] & ,john knew t ! tomb 0 empty1 be=e ! appe>ance to ,m>y ,magdal5e4 ,mat!w does n m5tion h] /atem5t t %e _h se5 ! ,"l1 nor ,john ! reception :i* %e _h4 ,m>k#aj says t !y1 :5 !y he>d t he 0 alive1 & _h be5 se5 ( h]1 8disbeliev$20 & ,luke#aa 7ref]r+ to all ! wom57 says t _! words 8appe>$ 9 _! sight z idle talk1 & !y disbeliev$ !m40 ,!re is n ! slighte/ allusion to ,m>y ,magdal5e1 or to ! company ( wom51 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 or ei!r ( ! ,epi/les4 ,h[ idle1 !n1 is ,r5an's boa/1#ab t 8! glory ( ! ,resurrection belongs to ,m>y ( ,magdala40 ,inde$ x might appe> to u t !re %\ld h be5 "s ref]5ce to h]4 ,! explanation1 probably1 is tw(old3 ,among ! ,greeks1#ac wom5 7 n compet5t witnesses2 & ,paul & ! ,apo/les re/$ _! fai? ^u appe>ances to ,apo/les1 ei!r alone or 9 company ) o!rs1 !y be+ ! con/itut$ witnesses4 ,:5 "o 0 to be sub/itut$ = ,judas1 ,pet]#ad said t ! *oice mu/ be made f ^? 8:i* h compani$ ) u all ! "t t ! ,"l ,jesus w5t 9 & out among u1 beg9n+ f ! baptism ( ,john1 unto ! day t he 0 receiv$ up f u2 ( ^! mu/ "o become a witness ) u ( 8 resurrection40 ,& ,paul makes no ref]5ce to ! j\rney to ,emmaus4 ,!y also assume t ! ,apo/les 7 9 a /ate ( m9d conducive to mislead+ fancies4 ,! rev]se ( ?is is true4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be conc$$ t ! idea ( a re/oration to life ( "o :o _h be5 dead 0 n /range to !m2 = ?ree#ae su* in/ances 7 record$ 9 _! ,scriptures1 & !y _h witness$ ?ree miracles ( ! k9d4 ,b ^! 7 9 respect to p]sons :o1 aft] !y 7 rais$ up1 liv$ & di$ z o!r m52 & !y 7 br\ght to life by "s visible ag5cy1 z by a prophet 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 or ,jesus by 8 own ^w4 ,! resurrection :i* ! disciples came to believe 01 on ! contr>y1 to a tempor>y soj\rn+ ) !m1 & !n an asc5sion be=e _! eyes2 & x 0 accompli%$ by no visible h&4 ,& al?\gh ,jesus _h pr$ict$ 8 dea? & resurrection1 !y c\ld n und]/& ! "o1 any m ?an ! o!r1 because !y c\ld n conceive h[ t _! ,messiah c\ld suff] dea? at ! h&s ( 8 enemies4 ,! evid5ce ^u ?is po9t is mo/ conclusive2 & its scope 0 admirably put by ,gilb]t ,we/1#af f\r g5]ations ago4 8,?is1 !re=e1 be+ _! settl$ notion ( ! ,messiah1 c we wond] _! =m] fai? 9 him %\ld be ext+ui%$1 :5 !y saw him suff]+1 crucifi$1 & dy+1 &1 in/ead ( sav+ o!rs1 n able to save himself8 ,to prep>e !m = ^! ev5ts he _h inde$ mo/ circum/antially =etold#ag 8 own suff]+s1 dea?1 & resurrection2 b ! ,apo/les !mselves assure u t !y did n und]/& ^? pr$ictions till "s "t aft] _! accompli%m5t2 & !y made ?is confession at a "t :5 !y 7 z s5sible ( _! =m] dullness1 & und\bt$ly z mu* amaz$ at x z !y n[ pret5d to be :o object to x aga9/ !m2 s t _! v]acity ^u ?is po9t is n to be que/ion$4444 ,!y _h conceiv$ great expectations f ! p]suasion t he 0 ! ,*ri/ ( ,god2 b ^! 7 all vani%$2 _! promis$ deliv]]1 _! expect$ k+1 0 dead & buri$1 & no "o left to call him f ! grave z he did ,laz>us4 ,) 8 life1 !y might presume1 end$ 8 p[] ( work+ miracles2 & dea?1 p]haps1 0 an enemy he c\ld n subdue1 s9ce x 0 app>5t he c\ld n escape x1 & h5ce _! despair40 ,& h5ce we say1 :5 ! ?ird day 0 u%]$ 9 !re 0 no "o ( all 8 disciples at ! sepul*re to welcome him4 ,^? :o lov$ him mo/1 came b to embalm 8 body4 ,m>y ,magdal5e beheld n h] ris5 ,savi\r1 b an empty tomb2 & h] hurri$ tid+s 7 n t he is ris51 b1 8,!y h tak5 away ! ,"l out ( ! tomb1 & we "k n :]e !y h laid him40 ,:5 ,jesus ev5 speaks to h]1 %e at fir/ supposes him to be ! g>d5]1 & says1 8,if ?\ ha/ borne him h5ce1 tell me :]e ?\ ha/ laid him1 & ,i w take him away40 ,pet] & ,john beheld no vision1 b only 8! l95 clo!s ly+1 & ! napk91 t 0 ^u 8 head1 n ly+ ) ! l95 clo!s1 b roll$ up 9 a place by itself40 ,! o!r wom5 d n see ,jesus until aft] !y h f\nd t ! sepul*re is empty1 & h be5 told by ! angels1 8,he is ris51 ev5 z he said3 ,,come ,,see ,,! ,,place ,,:]e#ah ,,! ,,"l ,,lay40 ,! two disciples1 "s h\rs aft]1 _h he>d1 n t he _h be5 se51 b t c]ta9 wom5 :o 7 e>ly at ! tomb f\nd n 8 body1 & 7 told by angels t he 0 alive2 & t ! abs5ce ( ! body _h be5 confirm$ by ^? ( _! company :o visit$ ! tomb4 ,& f9ally1 ! ,apo/les1 in/ead ( expect+ to see him1 refus$ to believe ^u ! te/imony ( ! wom51 & 7 only conv9c$ by ! evid5ce ( _! own s5ses4 #a ,taylor on ! ,gospel ,miracles 7#ahha71 p4 #ag4 #b ,id41 p4 #be4 #c 8,we d n say a miracle is impossible2 we say !re has be5 no in/ance1 up to ?is "t1 ( a prov$ miracle40--,r5an's ,life ( ,jesus1 etc41 p4 #eg4 8,:at ,i insi/ on is1 t a miracle _c be e/abli%$ by human te/imony40--,+]soll1 ,nor? ,am]ican ,review = ,novemb]1 #ahha1 p4 #ead4 ,! skeptical au?or ( ,sup]natural ,religion 9 def5d+ himself aga9/ ! criticism t ^u 8 !ory 8 hi/orical argum5t is unnecess>y1 9 8 preface to ! six? edition1 says3 8,! prelim9>y affirmation is n t miracles are impossible1 b t !y are antec$5tly incr$ible4 ,! c\nt] allegation is t al?\gh miracles may be antec$5tly incr$ible1 !y nev]!less actually took place4 ,x is1 !re=e1 necess>y1 n only to e/abli% ! antec$5t incr$ibility1 b to exam9e ! validity ( ! allegation t c]ta9 miracles occurr$1 & ?is involves ! hi/orical inquiry into ! evid5ce = ! ,gospels4 ,inde$ _m w n ackn[l$ge ! case to be complete until o!r witnesses are que/ion$4 ,?is w\ld leave ! "q ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection to be det]m9$ z a matt] ( evid5ce2 & ( c\rse evid5ce en\gh to induce a reasonable conviction w\ld be suffici5t to ov]come ! antec$5t improbability40 ,b he d>e n tru/ himself or 8 read]s to an exam9ation ( ! evid5ce ^u ?is basis4 ,= :5 he is press$ ) ! te/imony ( ! ,apo/les to ! ,resurrection1 & is compell$ to conc$e _! hone/y1 he says 7p4 #ajej71 8,! belief t a dead man rose f ! dead & appe>$ to sev]al p]sons alive is at once dispos$ ( ^u ab/ract gr\nds40 ,t is1 8 pret5d$ exam9ation ( ! evid5ce is a %am1 & :5 he _c meet x1 x is at once dispos$ ( 8^u ab/ract gr\nds60 #d ,see *ap4 xvii4 pp4 #aja-b1 ante1 pp4 #aja1 #ajb4 #e ,milligan on ! ,resurrection ( ,our ,"l1 p4 #gf2 ,/rauss1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 pp4 #hdf-hff4 #f ,! ,old ,fai? & ! ,new 7#ahge71 p4 #hj4 #g ,on ! ,resurrection1 etc41 p4 #hj4 #h ,! ,bible = ,le>n]s1 ,vol4 ,,iii41 p4 #dfd2 ,waite's ,hi/ory1 etc41 p4 #bf4 #i ,see *ap4 xv1 p4 #he1 ante1 p4 #he4 #aj ,m>k xvi4 #aa4 #aa ,luke xxiv4 #aa4 #ab ,! ,apo/les1 by ,erne/ ,r5an 7#ahff71 p4 #fa4 #ac ,adams' ,roman ,antiquities1 p4 #bhd2 ,condition ( ,wom51 by ,l4 ,m>ia ,*ild1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #c4 #ad ,acts i4 #ae1 #ba1 #bb4 #ae #a ,k+s xvii42 #b ,k+s iv42 #b ,k+s xiii4 #ba2 ,mat!w ix42 ,luke vii42 ,john xi42 ,hebrews xi4 #ce4 #af ,gilb]t ,we/ on ! ,hi/ory & ,evid5ces ( ! ,resurrection ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,bo/on1 #ahcd 7fir/ publi%$ 9 ,engl& 9 #agdg71 p4 #fg4 #ag ,see *ap4 xvi1 p4 #hi1 ante1 p4 #hi4 #ah 8,! c]em5ts 7 !re1 b ! body 0 gone4 ,:i!r8 ,_h x be5 /ol5 & hidd58 ,:o w\ld h be5 ! ?ieves8 ,fri5ds or foes8 ,n fri5ds2 = h[ c\ld _! fai? be made h]oic = _! crusade aga9/ ! _w's unbelief by a !ft & a c>case8 ,n foes2 = x 0 _! int]e/ to prev5t ! disappe>ance ( ! body1 t !re might be ocul> demon/ration ( ! falsity ( ! pr$ict$ resurrection4 ,! fact ( ! actual resurrection ( our ,"l is a rock-(-ages t nev] c be mov$40--,comm5t>y on ,m>k1 by ,james ,morrison1 ,d4,d4 7#ahhb71 p4 #dde4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,suffici5cy ,,( ,,! ,,pro(s 7,,affirmative ,,evid5ce74 ,hold+1 !n1 ! objectors to ! hi/orical record1 & keep+ 9 m9d t ! "q is n>r[$ d[n to ! hypo!sis ( visions on ! "o h&1 or to a true resurrection on ! o!r1 :at evid5ce _h ! ,apo/les & imm$iate disciples t !y 7 n deceiv$8 ,fir/ & =emo/1 !y _h ! empty tomb4 ,!y knew#a t ! body 0 nei!r left on ! cross1 9 violation ( ! ,jewi% law1 nor ?r[n to ! 8du/-heap10 9 violation ( ! ,roman law :i* requir$ a deliv]y to ! fri5ds z soon z claim$1 b 0 plac$ 9 ! sepul*re1 z atte/$ by all ! ,evangeli/s1 z also by ,paul4 ,!y knew t !y _h n tak5 x away1 & t if ! ,jews _h1 !y w\ld h be5 b too ready to produce x :51 only a few days aft]1 x 0 boldly proclaim$1 t t ,jesus :om !y _h crucifi$1 ,god _h rais$ f ! dead4 ,x 0 ! abs5ce ( ! body t fir/ arre/$ ! att5tion ( ! wom51 & also ( ,pet] & ,john1 & :i*1 ) ! ord]ly arrangem5t ( ! grave clo!s1 induc$ a conviction ( ! tru? 9 ! m9d ( ,john1 be=e ,jesus appe>$ to any1 & s5t ,pet] to 8 home 8wond]+40 ,& ^! same facts 7! good fai? ( ! disciples !mselves be+ und\bt$71 c nev] be expla9$1 9 any rational way1 o!rwise ?an by ! fact ( ! ,resurrection4 ,!re is a great tru? 9 ,pr(essor ,keim's expression#b t3 8,x is ^u an empty tomb t ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* is f\nd$40 ,!y _h fur!r pro(1 9 subsequ5t appe>ances to individuals s+ly1 to ! collective body ( ,apo/les1 & to ! multitude ( believ]s1 "u circum/ances t satisfi$ !m1 & %\ld conv9ce u1 t !y 7 n deceiv$4 ,!re are sev]al ?+s to be consid]$1 9 det]m9+ :e!r !y 7 deceiv$4 ,fir/1 9 respect to "t4 ,!re 7 no appe>ances till aft] ! fact t ! tomb 0 empty 0 fully und]/ood1 nor till "s h\rs aft]4 ,?is lapse ( "t has be5 ov]look$ by mo/ writ]s2 &1 f want ( att5tion to x1 inconsi/5cies z to occurr5ces at ! sepul*re1 z to ! numb] & appe>ance ( angels1 ! companies ( wom51 ! p]sons compos+ !m1 ! messages receiv$ & c>ri$1 & ! appe>ances to !m1 ( our ris5 ,"l1 h be5 imag9$1 t are easily expla9$1 ^u ! v natural hypo!sis ( sev]al transactions ( l "* dur+ ! six h\rs or m#c :i* elaps$ be=e ! j\rney to ,emmaus4 ,at t "t no "o _h se5 ! ,"l2 = x _c be d\bt$ t 8 appe>ance w\ld be report$ z soon z possible aft] its occurr5ce4 ,:5 ,jesus jo9$ ! two disciples1 _! eyes 7 8hold510 until 9 a long disc\rse he _h prep>$ !m = a revelation ( himself4 ,pet] mu/ h m$itat$ "s h\rs ^u ! abs5ce ( ! body1 be=e ,jesus %[$ himself to him4 ,x 0 n till aft] ?is1 & aft] ! return ( ! disciples f ,emmaus1 t he said to ! o!rs1 8,peace be unto y40 ,!n a :ole week1 be=e he returns4 ,!n1 probably aft] a long] int]val 7= !y return$ to ,galilee71 he %[s himself at ! ,sea ( ,tib]ias4 ,!n1 aft] "s days1 to above five hundr$ bre?r51 at a place to :i* !y _h be5 direct$ to g by ! angels1 & by ,jesus bo? be=e & aft] 8 resurrection4 ,!n to ,james4 ,& !n at ,j]usalem to ! ,apo/les1 :om he l$ out ov] aga9/ ,be?any2 & :ile he bless$ !m1 he p>t$ f !m & 0 c>ri$ up into heav54 ,9 all ?is1 we see h[ !y 7 prep>$ to ex]cise a sob] & intellig5t judgm5t1 s t nei!r !y1 nor we1 %\ld be 9 d\bt :e!r :at !y beheld 0 _! ris5 ,"l1 or a phantom ( _! own imag9ation4 ,& w any "o tell u1 "r "h1 :at bett] pro( ,jesus c\ld h giv5 8 disciples1 ( 8 ,resurrection8 ,if ! evid5ce 0 suffici5t = !m1 x may be suffici5t = u1 unless we are prep>$ to say t ! miracle %all be repeat$ :5ev] x is *all5g$6 ,0 x ess5tial to a reasonable conviction on _! "p t ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees %\ld also be conv9c$8 7,nicodemus1 & ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 7 conv9c$47 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t ! disciples1 ( all o!rs1 7 qualifi$ to judge1 if any p]sons c\ld be qualifi$4 ,:at =ce c\ld ! belief ( ! ,sanh$rim h add$ to ! te/imony ( _! own s5ses8 ,assume1 z a hypo!sis1 ! reality ( ,*ri/'s resurrection1 we aga9 ask1 ,:at pro( ( x %\ld h be5 giv5 8 disciples t 0 n giv58 ,!y _h ! same k9d ( pro(1 dur+ =ty days1 t !y _h be=e 8 crucifixion4 ,he walk$ ) !m1 talk$ ) !m1 in/ruct$ !m1 ate be=e !m1 & ) !m 7,acts4 x4 #da71 call$ ?+s to _! remembrance1 op5$ to !m ! ,scriptures1 & gave !m _! great commission to disciple all nations2 &1 to preclude all que/ion+1 said1 8,see my h&s & my feet1 t x is ,i myself2 h&le me & see2 = a _s ha? n fle% & bones1 z ye behold me h4 ,& :5 he _h said ?is1 he %[$ !m 8 h&s & 8 feet40 ,& to ,?omas1 eight days aft]1 he said1 8,rea* hi!r ?y f+] & see my h&s2 & rea* ?y h& & put x into my side3 & be n fai?less b believ+40 ,we d n accept ,orig5's#d view t ,jesus aft] 8 resurrection & be=e 8 asc5sion 8exi/$ 9 a body int]m$iate1 z x 71 betwe5 ! grossness ( t :i* he _h be=e 8 suff]+ & ! appe>ance ( a s\l uncov]$ by su* a body10 al?\gh x n[ has ! support ( able writ]s4 ,! g5]al#e s5tim5t ( ! ,*ur* f ! beg9n+ has be5 aga9/ x4 ,x is n w>rant$ by ! record1 & x involves m my/]ies & difficulties ?an x escapes4 ,we fully agree ) ,judge ,waite#f t1 accord+ to ! ,canonical ,gospels1 8,! v body 9 :i* ,jesus 0 crucifi$1 & :i* 0 buri$ by ,joseph ( ,arima!a1 is rais$ f ! dead1 appe>s to ! disciples1 is n only se5 b felt1 & ,jesus himself1 9 ! fle%1 z he 0 be=e he 0 crucifi$1 calls = fi% to eat to satisfy 8 disciples t he 0 n a _s2 t 8 body 0 n spiritual1 b mat]ial & human l !irs20 & also ) a v diff]5t man 7,mr4 ,b>nes71 :o1 ) 8 usual good s5se1 says3 8,x 0 necess>y fir/ to e/abli% ! pro( ( 8 resurrection1 & t c\ld be done only by 8 appe>+ z he 0 :5 he di$20 & also ) ,drs4 ,mc,clintock & ,/rong 9 _! invaluable ,cyclop$ia1 t3 8,accord+ to ! ,scriptures ! disciples 7 assur$ by ! te/imony ( _! own s5ses t ! body ( ,*ri/ aft] 8 resurrection 0 ! same id5tical body ( human fle% & bones :i* _h be5 crucifi$ & laid 9 ! sepul*re40 7,vol4 ,,viii41 ,a4,d4 #ahgi47 ,pet]'s te/imony 7z record$ 9 ,acts x4 #da7 t ,jesus aft] he 0 rais$ up 0 made manife/1 n to all ! p1 b unto witnesses t 7 *os5 be=e ( ,god1 ev5 to u 8:o did eat & dr9k ) him aft] he rose f ! dead10 seems j z decisive z ! ,canonical ,gospels4 ,& s ( ,john's te/imony 7#a ,john i4 #a71 8t :i* we beheld1 & our h&s h&l$40 ,our ,"l 0 9 ! tomb less ?an ?irty-six h\rs1 & 8 fle% 8did n see corruption40 ,8 body1 app>5tly1 0 z human z t ( ,laz>us aft] he 0 rais$4 ,! criticism t x is n said t !re 0 blood seems frivol\s1 = !re c\ld be no liv+ fle% or bones )\t blood-vessels & blood4 ,al?\gh = ! "t he =bade ,m>y ,magdal5e to t\*1 or r to deta9 him1 he p]mitt$ ! o!r wom5 to take hold ( 8 feet1 & direct$ ! ,apo/les to h&le him4 ,m>y ,magdal5e saw him z a man1 & suppos$ him to be ! g>d5]1 until he call$ h] by "n4 ,! two disciples conv]s$ ) him z a man2 & t !y did n "k him 0 only because _! eyes 7 8hold540 ,8 sudd5 disappe>ance aft] ! repa/1 & equally sudd5 appe>ance 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,apo/les1 at mo/ pres5t no great] difficulties ?an 8 transfiguration1 8 walk+ ^u ! sea1 8 pass+ ?r\gh 8 enemies :5 !y 7 ab\t to ?r[ him d[n ! cliff 7all be=e 8 crucifixion71 or ! op5+ ( ! prison doors to two ( ! ,apo/les4 ,! doors1 ev5 if bolt$ & b>r$1 may h op5$ z to ,pet]1 or ^? pres5t may h be5 s preoccupi$ t a p]fectly natural b sil5t )drawal 9 ! "o case1 & entrance 9 ! o!r1 7 simply unnotic$4 ,z ! man ,*ri/ ,jesus1 he rose f ! dead1 & angels1 z port]s1 hav+ roll$ away ! /one1 he came =? 9 visible human =m1 & ) ! same body t 0 crucifi$4 ,he w\ld h be5 se5 by 8 disciples1 if !y _h be5 8wat*+ & wait+0 = him1 & by ! gu>d1 if !y _h n become 8z dead m520 p]haps 9 ord] t !y might n behold him1 = he _h said1 8,yet a little :ile & ! _w beholde? me no m40 7,john xiv4 #ai47 ,z ! man ,*ri/ ,jesus1 he %[$ himself to 8 disciples =ty days2 & !n1 ) a body1 until !n1 ( fle% & blood1 z human z t ( ,elijah1 be=e he 0 tak5 up1 asc5d$ into ! heav5s4 ,?us1 9 8 ris+ f ! dead1 & 9 ! *ange at 8 asc5sion1 he typifi$ bo? ! dead :o %all be rais$1 & ! liv+ :o %all be 8*ang$40 ,& any conception ( him z less corporeal f 8 resurrection to 8 asc5sion ?an be=e1 does n con=m to ! record1 &1 by s mu* z x makes him less corporeal & tangible1 x impairs ! =ce ( ! evid5ce4 ,ea* "o ( ! ,apo/les _h z mu* evid5ce t ,jesus 0 alive aft] 8 crucifixion1 z he _h t ,pet] or ,john or ,?omas 0 alive1 & evid5ce ( j z high a "*4 ,& ?is pro( by facts address$ to _! own intellig5ce & bodily s5ses ( sight1 & he>+1 & feel+1 0 cont9u$ =ty days4 ,!re is no conflict 9 ! evid5ce on ?is po9t4 ,e lawy] kn[s t omission is n contradiction4 ,ev5 :5 witnesses pr(ess to give ! :ole1 x r>ely or nev] happ5s t "s w n /ate some?+ :i* o!rs omit1 & n unfrequ5tly a witness is call$ to te/ify to a "p only1 & does n und]take to give ! :ole4 ,?is is ! precise tru? 9 respect to ! ,evangeli/s4 ,n "o ( !m pr(esses to /ate all t occurr$ aft] ! crucifixion1 or all ! in/ances ( our ,"l's appe>+ to 8 disciples4 ,ea* writes = ! p>ticul> object he has 9 view4 ,& !re is a great liability to mi/ake1 if "o =gets t x is true 9 n>ratives 9 respect to transactions subsequ5t to ! crucifixion1 z well z be=e1 t !re is (t5 a pass+ f "o ev5t to ano!r ) no?+ to indicate b t !y 7 imm$iately connect$ 9 po9t ( "t1 :51 9 fact1 !re 0 a consid]able int]val betwe5 !m4,a ,( ! t5 specifi$ in/ances ( 8 appe>+1 ,mat!w speaks ( two1 ,m>k ( ?ree1 ,luke ( ?ree1 ,john ( f\r1 & ,paul ( five1 or sev52#g b nei!r contradicts ! o!r1 nor ,luke's /atem5t 9 8 subsequ5t 8treatise10 t ,jesus %[$ himself alive aft] 8 passion 8=ty days1 & speak+ ! ?+s conc]n+ ! k+dom ( ,god40 ,! in/ances 7 suffici5tly num]\s1 ! "t long en\gh1 & ! acts tangible en\gh1 to af=d z und\bt$ pro( z t :i* !y _h ( ! exi/5ce & bodily pres5ce ( ea* o!r4 ,pet] might z well h d\bt$ ! d5ial ( :i* he _h s bitt]ly rep5t$1 z to h d\bt$ t x 0 8 ,ma/] :o said unto him ! ?ird "t1 8,simon1 son ( ,john1 love/ ?\ me80 & all ( !m might z well h d\bt$ t !y _h ev] li/5$ to 8 tea*+1 z to h d\bt$ ! commission :i* !y receiv$ f him4 ,! evid5ce t 0 p]sonal to !mselves we _c h4 ,we "k !y _h x1 & 7 capable ( judg+ conc]n+ x1 & we c see t x 0 ( a "* t might be ju/ly deem$ conclusive4 ,!re is1 besides1 mu* t is common to u ) !m4 ,! judgm5t 0 n ( "o b ( _m1 & n f a s+le appe>ance to "o ( _! numb]1 b f _m appe>ances to diff]5t p]sons1 at v>i\s times1 & "u circum/ances mo/ favorable to a true appreh5sion1 usually 9 op5 day2 & x w\ld be pass+ /range if ea* & all 7 deceiv$ by _! own s5ses4 ,^! appe>ances 7 nev] repeat$ aft] ! asc5sion4 ,none ( ! disciples "u any excitem5t ev] aga9 saw _! ,"l z ! man ,*ri/ ,jesus walk+ ! e>? z be=e2 or saw him com+ to ! e>?1 al?\gh !y all believ$ t he w\ld spe$ily return 9 l mann] z !y beheld him go+ into heav54 ,/eph5 saw him n ^u ! e>?1 b 8/&+ on ! "r h& ( ,god40 ,paul saw him1 & 80 n disob$i5t unto ! heav5ly vision0 7,acts xxvi4 #ai74 ,john saw him1 9 vision1 n only z 8! ,son ( ,man0 9 glori\s array1 b z 8! ,lion ( ! tribe ( ,judah10 & also z a 8,lamb /&+ z ?\gh x _h be5 sla910 9 ! 8mid/ ( ! ?rone0 7,revelation i4 #ab-bj1 & v4 #e-h74 ,_! subsequ5t exp]i5ce is consi/5t1 if !y _h be5 deal+ ) realities4 ,b if all _! int]views dur+ ^? =ty days 7 a delusion1 & ! asc5sion a delusion1 x is :olly inexplicable t _! imag9ation or s5ses nev] play$ !m false aft]w>d4 ,!y believ$ t he w\ld soon return1 j z /rongly z !y believ$ t he _h asc5d$1 & yet !y nev] saw him return+1 or z hav+ return$4 ,if delusions creat$ ! fai?1 h[ mu* m %\ld ! fai? multiply ! delusions1 & su* appe>ances 7z ,godet#h has well put x7 8g on increas+ z ! squ>e ( ! belief itself40 ,yet at ! v "t :5 !y %\ld h multipli$1 if !y 7 n real1 !y ceas$ altoge!r6 ,we h1 z ! disciples _h1 our ,"l's pr$ictions#i ( 8 dea? & resurrection 7= ! two ev5ts 7 g5]ally ref]r$ to 9 ! same disc\rse71 & ! prophecies conc]n+ him4 ,! greate/ ob/acle to _! acceptance ( 8 resurrection 0 _! inability to compreh5d 8 dea? if he 7 inde$ ! true ,messiah4 ,& h5ce we f9d t ,jesus 9 ! walk to ,emmaus1 op5s to ! disciples ! ,scriptures conc]n+ himself1 & says1 8,behov$ x n ! ,*ri/ to suff] ^! ?+s1 & to ent] into 8 glory80 ,we may well suppose t ) o!r prophecies1 he int]pret$ to !m :at ,daniel _h said 7c4 ix4 #bf7 t 8aft] ?ree score & two weeks1 %all ,messiah be cut (f1 b n = himself20 & t wond]ful *apt] 9 ,isaiah 7! fifty-?ird7 s descriptive ( 8 passion1 t x seems 8z if writt5 at ! foot ( ! cross20 & all ! sacrifices = fifte5 hundr$ ye>s2 & t x 0 n possible 8t ! blood ( bulls & goats %\ld take away s9s20 & z ,moses lift$ up ! s]p5t 9 ! wild]ness1 ev5 s 0 ! ,son ( ,man 8lift$ up40 ,& s to ! ,apo/les he expla9$ ! ,scriptures1 & said to !m1 8,?us x is writt5 t ! ,*ri/ %\ld suff]1 & rise aga9 f ! dead ! ?ird day40 7,luke xxiv4 #de1 #df74 ,he rem9ds !m :at he _h said1 t all ?+s mu/ ne$s be fulfill$ :i* 7 writt5 9 ! law ( ,moses & 9 ! ,prophets & 9 ! ,psalms conc]n+ himself 7,luke xxiv4 #dd74 ,! angels say to ! wom51 8,tell 8 disciples & ,pet] he goe? be=e y into ,galilee1 & !re %all ye see him z he said unto y0 7,m>k xvi4 #g72 & also1 8,rememb] h[ he spake unto y :5 he 0 yet 9 ,galilee1 say+ t ! ,son ( ,man mu/ be deliv]$ up into ! h&s ( s9ful m51 & be crucifi$1 & ! ?ird day rise aga90 7,luke xxiv4 #f1 #g74 ,& we f9d t :5 ! disciples und]/ood ! my/]y ( 8 dea?1 !y joyfully accept$ ! pro(s ( 8 resurrection2 & ,pet]1 :o _h said1 8,be x f> f !e1 ,"l1 ?is %all nev] be unto !e0 7,mat!w xvi4 #bc71 on ! day ( ,p5teco/ c\ld expla9 t ,jesus 7:om ,god _h 8rais$ up1 hav+ loos$ ! pangs ( dea?071 0 deliv]$ up to be crucifi$ & sla9 8by ! det]m9ate c\nsel & =ekn[l$ge ( ,god02 & t ,david spake ( 8 resurrection4 7,acts ii4 #bb-ca47 ,n only d ! prophecies po9t to 8 resurrection1 b z already#i %[n1 ,jesus himself =etold x z well z ! mann] & circum/ances ( 8 dea?2 & x is m rational to accept x1 ?an to believe t su* an ,"o z is portray$ 9 ! ,gospels 0 ei!r false or mi/ak54 8,:i* ( y convicte? me ( s980 has f\nd none to accept ! *all5ge 9 eighte5 hundr$ ye>s6 ,on ! contr>y1 z ,dr4 ,taylor has said1#aj 8,be=e ! portraiture :i* ! ,evangeli/s h pa9t$1 m5 ( e age h /ood 9 root$ admiration40 ,& z ,j4 ,s4 ,mill conc$es1#aa 8,x is ( no use to say t ,*ri/1 z exhibit$ 9 ! ,gospels1 is n hi/orical3 = none ( 8 disciples or _! proselytes 7 capable ( inv5t+ ! say+s ascrib$ to him1 or imag9+ ! life & "* reveal$ 9 ! ,gospels40 ,8 resurrection 0 a moral necessity f 8 own "* z del9eat$ 9 ! ,gospels1 ev5 our enemies !mselves be+ judges4 ,8 c\ld n h be5 8! ri*e/ ( human lives10 z decl>$ by ,hooykaas1#ab nor 8 utt]ances 8! mo/ beautiful moral tea*+ t humanity has receiv$10 z av[$ by ,r5an1 if 8 p[] to lay d[n 8 life & 8to take x aga90 7 at ! be/ a m]e delusion4 ,8 pr$ictions ( 8 dea? & resurrection1 z we h be=e %[n1 are s int]wov5 ) ! entire n>rative1 t x is impossible to set !m aside & leave any?+ to :i* we c ass5t z true1 ( all 8 record$ acts & words2 & !re is no alt]native except to believe t he utt]$ !m1 or else to arbitr>ily set aside ! te/imony ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 z well z t ( ,paul4 ,t ! ,*ri/ ( ! ,gospels %\ld rise f ! dead1 z he said1 is 9 ! highe/ degree probable4 ,only by 8 resurrection c\ld he v9dicate himself f ! *>ge ( blasphemy4 ,)\t x1 ! cross 0 a gibbet1 a monum5t ( folly if n ( crime4 ,)\t x1 ! sacram5t :i* he in/itut$ on ! eve ( 8 crucifixion1 keeps 9 p]petual remembrance ! falsity ( 8 pret5sions1 8 impot5cy to save himself f 8 enemies4 ,)\t x1 ! taunt ( ^? :o mock$ him1 8,he sav$ o!rs1 himself he _c save10 0 m]it$4 ,)\t x1 :ile "o might pity him = 8 suff]+s1 we %\ld ! m sympa?ize ) ! ,sanh$rim 9 protect+ ! p f a vision>y en?usia/1 if n a wilful impo/or1 & inflict+ 7al?\gh by irregul> me?ods7 ! p5alty = blasphemy expressly comm&$ by ! ,mosaic ,law4 ,x _c be too /rongly /at$ t !re is no middle gr\nd4 ,if he 0 :at he claim$1 8 resurrection 0 already assur$4 ,if he 0 n :at he claim$1 he c\ld n h be5 ! exalt$ "* eulogiz$ by ^? :o d5y 8 resurrection1 & be=e :i* ! _w b[s 9 rev]5ce4 ,if he 0 :at he claim$1 we c see a gr& & all-suffici5t reason :y ,god 7if !re be a ,god7 %\ld by miracle give ! highe/ possible au!ntication to 8 mission4 ,he said1 8,i am ! light ( ! _w20 & ! _w 0 9 d>kness4 ,he said t he came =? f ,god1 & he ought to %[ 8 cr$5tials4 ,he said he 0 ! ,son ( ,god1 & t he always did ^? ?+s t pleas$ ,him2 :i* he c\ld n d1 if he set up claims de/itute ( f\ndation4 ,he said1 8,z ,moses lift$ up ! s]p5t 9 ! wild]ness1 ev5 s mu/ ! ,son ( ,man be lift$ up2 t :osoev] believe?1 may h 9 him et]nal life4 ,= ,god s lov$ ! _w t ,he gave ,8 only begott5 ,son1 t :osoev] believe? on him %\ld n p]i%1 b h et]nal life40 ,! great c5tral tru?s :i* he decl>$ 9 all 8 tea*+s1 7 ! fact ( s91 ! ne$ ( a ,savi\r1 & t he is a ,savi\r4 ,if s91 z all exp]i5ce te/ifies1 is univ]sal1 always d[nw>d1 & its end :5 f9i%$ dea?1 ! r$emption ( multitudes,b ( ! human race f its p[] to hol9ess1 & bliss1 & endless progress1 z 8heirs ( ,god1 & jo9t heirs ) ,*ri/10 0 an object wor?y ( div9e int]position1 & only an a!i/ %\ld look ^u su* a miracle ( r$emption z impossible or improbable4 8',twas great to speak a _w f naught1 ',twas great] to r$eem40 ,*ri/'s resurrection be+ e/abli%$1 ! d>kness ov] ! l&1 ! r5d+ ( ! veil1 ! com+#ac out ( ! tombs1 ! m9i/ry ( ! angels 9 ! g>d5 be=e 8 betrayal1 & at ! sepul*re1 ! e>?quake1 ! roll+ away ( ! /one1 & ! fe> t came ^u ! wat*]s1 7 fitt+ accompanim5ts ( ! transactions :i* !y surr\nd$4 ,nor1 if "s ( !m are n m5tion$ by o!r hi/orians1 are !y ov]?r[n1 = omission is n contradiction1 9 hi/ory any m ?an 9 c\rts4 ,:y %\ld ,josephus1 :o 0 n born till "s ye>s aft] ! crucifixion1 & n a ,*ri/ian1 be expect$ to m5tion !m8 ,& z to ,greek & ,roman writ]s1 ev5 ,r5an#ad says t 8x is n surpris+ t !y paid little att5tion to a movem5t :i* 0 go+ on )9 a n>r[ space =eign to !m4 ,*ri/ianity 0 lo/ to _! vision ^u ! d>k backgr\nd ( ,judaism40 ,& s 8 be+ se5 by ,/eph5 ! fir/ m>tyr1 by ,john 9 ! ,apocalypse1 & by ,paul on ! way to ,damascus1 are 9 h>mony ) ! record ( 8 resurrection & asc5sion1 & may be said to confirm !m4 ,yet x may be que/ion$ if ,paul w\ld h be5 s absolutely c]ta9 t ,jesus 7aga9/ ^: foll[]s he 0 brea?+ out ?reat5+ & slaught]7 said to him1 8,saul1 ,saul1 :y p]secute/ ?\ me80 b = ! previ\s appe>ances4 ,if he w\ld1 he does n re/ ! case ^u ! "o to himself4 ,he gives ! o!rs fir/1 & !n adds1 8,& la/ ( all 444 to me also40 ,:ile !re is a mutual support1 ! mo/ solid basis = our belief is1 9 ! incontrov]tible & tangible appe>ances :i* prec$$ ,paul's conv]sion2 & :5 ,john w\ld decl>e ! c]ta9ty ( _! fai?1 he says1 8,t :i* we h he>d1 t :i* we h se5 ) our eyes1 t :i* we h beheld1 & our h&s h&l$40 7#a ,john i4 #a74 ,& view+ ! indubitable pro(s ( 8 resurrection1 9 _! relation to ! prophecies conc]n+ him1 ! necessity = 8 adv5t1 8 pr$ictions conc]n+ himself1 8 "* & works & tea*+s f 8 inc>nation to 8 asc5sion1 ! lives & dea?s ( 8 ,apo/les1 ! wond]ful enl>gem5t ( 8 little *ur*1 :5 ! ,apo/les 8) great p[] gave _! witness ( ! resurrection ( ! ,"l ,jesus10 & its equally wond]ful cont9uance1 ext5sion1 moral influ5ce1 inspirations & hopes1 !y rise to ! sublimity ( moral c]ta9ty4 ,^! ?+s _c rationally be acc\nt$ = unless !re is a ,god1 & if !re is a ,god1 z all c\rts ( ju/ice ev]y:]e assume1 & univ]sal consci5ce decl>es1 to refuse ass5t to ! conclusion to :i* !y necess>ily lead1--! ,resurrection ( ,jesus ,*ri/ f ! dead1--_c be ! ex]cise ( "r reason4 ,lea/ ( all %\ld lawy]s1 accu/om$ to weigh evid5ce1 refuse to believe ^u ! te/imony ( o!rs4 ,z ,gibson1 ! great *ief ju/ice ( ,p5nsylvania1 said3 8,give ,*ri/ianity a common law trial2 submit ! evid5ce pro & con to an imp>tial jury "u ! direction ( a compet5t c\rt1 & ! v]dict w assur$ly be 9 its favor40 ,we h n ! witnesses be=e u2 b x is e day's practice to prove hi/orical facts by any approv$ & g5]al hi/ory1 & su* are our ,gospels & ,epi/les2 & !y are confirm$ by sacram5ts & in/itutions t cont9ue to our times1 & w cont9ue to ! end ( ! _w4 ,nor does ! suffici5cy ( ! pro(s dep5d ^u any "q ( ! precise ext5t ( ! g5u95ess ( ! ,gospels1 or _! exact agreem5t4 ,m5 accu/om$ to weigh evid5ce "k t x is en\gh if ! sub/ance ( ! issue is prov$1 & t a lit]al agreem5t is nev] to be expect$ 9 hone/ witnesses4 ,9 all ! great facts ( ! ,resurrection1 ! ,gospels & ! ,epi/les concur4 ,?is has be5 f\nd satisfactory to su* /&>d au?ors 9 ! legal pr(ession z ,black/one & ,k5t & ,/ory1 su* ma/]s ( ! rules ( evid5ce z ,/>kie & ,gre5leaf1 & su* giants z ,"l ,br\gham1 ,john ,m>%all1 ,!ophilus ,p>sons1 ,j]emiah ,mason & ,daniel ,web/]1 & _m o!rs bo? ( ! dead & ! liv+1 & no hi/orical ev5t re/s on a firm] basis4 ,"s ( its logical results w be sugge/$ 9 ! conclud+ *apt]4 #a ,see ante1 c4 #ag1 p4 #aja1 & ,godet's ,def5ce1 etc41 #ahha1 p4 #ajf4 #b ,z quot$ by ,godet1 p4 #di4 #c ,see ante1 c4 #ag1 p4 #aja4 #d ,orig5 aga9/ ,celsus1 ,book ,,ii41 c4 #db4 #e ,see editor's note to ,lange's ,life ( ,*ri/2 ,mc,clintock & ,/rong1 ,vol4 ,,viii41 p4 #ajee2 ,abbott's ,diction>y ( ,religi\s ,k1 p4 #hjd2 ,b>nes on ,john xx4 #ba2 ,scott on ,john xx4 #ai4 ,an able article by ,pr(essor ,rob9son ( ! ,union ,!ological ,sem9>y1 ,n4 ,y41 on ! ,nature ( ,our ,"l's ,resurrection-body w be f\nd 9 ! ,biblio!ca ,sacra = #ahde1 p4 #bib4 ,he ?us di/ributes ! op9ions on ! subject3 8,on ?is subject ?ree diff]5t op9ions h prevail$ m or less at v>i\s times 9 ! *ur*4 ,"s h held t ! body ( ,*ri/ 0 *ang$ at ! resurrection z to its sub/ance1 s t x 0 9 its sub/ance a diff]5t & spiritual body4 ,o!rs h reg>d$ ! ,"l z hav+ _h aft] ! resurrection ! same body z be=e1 b glorifi$2 or1 z ! e>lie/ writ]s express x1 *ang$ z to its qualities & attributes4 ,! ?ird & l>g] class h suppos$ t ! body ) :i* ,*ri/ rose f ! dead 0 ! same natural body ( fle% & blood :i* _h be5 tak5 d[n f ! cross & laid 9 ! sepul*re40 ,?is article we _h n read until aft] writ+ *apt] #ai1 b our convictions are confirm$ by 8 ?or\gh discussion ( ! subject4 ,he concludes t ! evid5ce ( ! reality ( our ,"l's human body1 f ! ,resurrection to ! ,asc5sion1 is ev5 /rong] ?an t = any o!r =ty days1 s9ce ,jesus 0 specially c>eful to assure 8 disciples ( ! fact4 #f ,hi/ory1 etc41 p4 #cce4 ,a ,= example1 x is an entire misconception ( ,luke's ,gospel to conclude f x t ! asc5sion 0 ! same day z ! resurrection2 & 8 acc\nt 9 ,acts makes ?is c]ta91 x be+ conc$$ t bo? works 7 by ! same writ]4 #g ,paul seems to h gr\p$ appe>ances4 ,we may p>aphrase ?us3 8,& t he 0 se5 ( ,cephas2 !n ( ! twelve on ?ree occasions40 #h ,def5ce1 etc41 p4 #aje4 #i ,see ante1 c4 #af1 p4 #hi4 #aj ,! ,gospel ,miracles1 etc41 p4 #dh4 #aa ,z quot$ by ,dr4 ,taylor1 p4 #da4 #ab ,! ,bible1 etc41 p4 #ea2 ,r5an1 p4 #ace4 ,b ,see ,rev4 vii4 #i-ag4 #ac ,^? :o came out ( ! tombs 8aft] 8 resurrection10 x may be presum$1 _h rec5tly deceas$ 7= !y 7 recogniz$1 z x w\ld seem71 & !y appe>$ only to ^? :o1 l ,simeon & ,anna ! ,prophetess1 _h be5 look+ 8= ! consolation ( ,israel20 & n to ^? :o _h reject$ him4 ,_! com+ 0 s ov]%ad[$ by ! pr9cipal ev5ts to :i* x 0 m]ely an incid5t1 t x is m5tion$ only by ,mat!w1 & ev5 he gives no in=mation ( :o !y 71 or any?+ ( _! subsequ5t hi/ory4 #ad ,! ,apo/les1 by ,erne/ ,r5an1 p4 #bbg4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,logical ,,results4 ,( ^! we m5tion only ! foll[+3 ,fir/4--,s9ce ! pro(s ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection are incomp>ably great] ?an ^? ( any o!r miracle1 & its consequ5ces are beyond conception m glori\s1 x is ! "p ( wisdom to =ce ! issue ^u x4 ,! decisive battle ( ! _w 9 respect to ! miracul\s 9 ,*ri/ianity is to be f\ght "r "h1 & all o!r engagem5ts are m]e skirmi%es4 ,x is well x is s4 ,*ri/'s ,resurrection is our ,gibralt>4 ,if we _c hold ?is position1 we _c hold any4 ,b we d hold x1 & ) x ! :ole field ( controv]sy ^u ! subject4 ,let any "o :o d\bts or d5ies ! reality ( miracles1 meet ! ov]:elm+ pro(s ( ?is ! greate/ ( all miracles4 ,if he _c d x1 he %\ld yield2 & x is no di%onor to be vanqui%$ by ! tru?4 ,if1 aft] exam9+ ^! pro(s1 he /ill imag9es t he c ov]come !m1 he is beyond ! rea* ( argum5t4 ,second4--,z x is ! c5tral fact ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! key/one 9 ! ar* ( ! ,*ri/ian ,fai?1 ^? :o reject x h no "r to ! ,*ri/ian "n4 ,/rauss is s f> to be comm5d$ t1 :5 by 8 my?s & sophi/ries he _h br\ght himself to d5y ! "o1 he _h ! manl9ess n to appropriate ! o!r4 ,& ( ^? ( 8 fell[s :o /ill cl+ to x = its suppos$ advantages1 he s>ca/ically says3 8,reasons !y may h1 b reason !y h none40 ,*adwick1 ,hooykaas1 ,miln1 ,savage & o!rs1#a :o talk ( _! 8,*ur* ( ! ,future10 may well foll[ 8 example4 ,if !y refuse1 !re is z little s5se z piety 9 a recognition1 or quasi recognition1 ( !m z m9i/]s ( ! ,gospel1 :5 at ! be/ !y are only popul> lectur]s to m]e social or lit]>y1 if n infidel clubs1 t *oose to be call$ ,*ur*es or ,religi\s ,societies4 ,?is no d\bt is di/a/eful to ^? :o are look+ = ! "t :5 all sects %all frat]nize on a common level ( skepticism & indiff]5ce4 ,b if we h any colors we %\ld /& by !m4 ,fidelity to tru? & to ! ,ma/] requires a sep>ation uncompromis+ & complete f all :o d5y ,him4 ,x is safe to be z tol]ant z ,jesus & 8 ,apo/les4 7,see ,john viii4 #ba2 #b ,cor9?ians vi4 #ad1 #ae2 ,revelation i4 #d1 #e2 #a ,cor9?ians xv4 #af1 #ag1 #ah2 #a ,john ii4 #ab1 #bc2 #a ,pet] i4 #c1 #d2 #b ,pet] ii4 #a1 #b2 ,revelation ii4 #f2 ,acts v4 #cj-cc2 ,acts iv4 #aa1 #ab47 ,?ird4--,x au!nticates 8 mission & v9dicates 8 claims to ! utmo/4 ,by x ,god affix$ ! seal ( 8 approval1 & ev]more decl>es z by a voice f heav51 8,?is is my belov$ ,son 9 :om ,i am well pleas$3 he> ye ,him40 ,8 tea*+s are no long] op9ions to be accept$ or reject$ z !y meet ) our approval1 b au?oritative & f9al4 ,!y are n ! speculations ( sages & philosoph]s1 ei!r ( old5 or rec5t times1 to be weigh$ 9 ! balance ( human reason1 b ev]la/+ tru? to be receiv$ & obey$ )\t d\bt+ or que/ion+4 ,s9ce ,*ri/'s resurrection is assur$1 ,web/] well decl>$1#b z e man 9 ! ex]cise ( "r reason mu/1 8,i hold x my duty to believe1 n :at ,i c compreh5d or acc\nt =1 b :at my ,ma/] tea*es me40 ,by ?is1 ( c\rse1 x is n int5d$ t we are n to ex]cise our reason z to ! g5u95ess ( ! tea*+s ascrib$ to him1 or _! prop] mean+1 or1 9 o!r words1 z to textuality1 inspiration1 translation1 & int]pretation4 ,9 ea* ( ^! dep>tm5ts !re is & w be ample room = ! greate/ rese>*1 & ! ripe/ s*ol>%ip4 ,9 respect to all ^!1 is d\btless true n[1 z :5 spok5 by ,rob9son1 t1 8,! ,"l has m tru? yet to break =? out ( 8 holy ^w40 ,b :5 9 a tea*able _s1 we "k :at ,jesus taught1 x is ! end ( controv]sy4 ,f\r?4--,a necess>y consequ5ce f 8 ,resurrection mu/ be an und\bt$ assurance t we h ! means ( kn[+ :at 8 tea*+s 71 s f> z !y are ess5tial to our guidance 9 ?is life & prep>ation = t :i* is to come4 ,! v idea ( a revelation is t x %all be s made kn[n1 t x c be und]/ood1 tru/$ 91 & obey$1 by ^? to :om x is giv51 & = :om x is int5d$1 s f> at lea/1 z %all be necess>y = ! regulation ( _! own conduct4 ,beyond ?is1 we _c claim1 z a logical result ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection1 & d n n[ inquire4 ,& we f9d t ?r\gh all ! ye>s s9ce our ,"l's asc5sion1 :ile ! *ur* has _h ess5tial tru?1 & !re has be5 sub/antial#c agreem5t 9 diff]5t copies & v]sions1 !re h always be5 & /ill are1 unsolv$ que/ions ( g5u95ess1 translation1 int]pretation1 & inspiration4 ,9 respect to ! la/1 ,+]soll's dem&#d t if ! writ]s ( ! ,gospels 7 inspir$ !re %\ld be b "o acc\nt1 or1 if m ?an "o1 !re %\ld be no contradiction1 is unw>rantable2 & 8 own concession proves x4 8,z a rule10 he says1 8:]e sev]al p]sons te/ify to ! same transaction1 :ile agree+ 9 ! ma9 po9ts !y w disagree ^u _m m9or ?+s1 & su* disagreem5t ^u m9or matt]s is g5]ally consid]$ z evid5ce t ! witnesses h n agre$ among !mselves ^u ! /ory !y %\ld tell4 ,^! diff]5ces 9 /atem5t are acc\nt$ = f ! facts t all did n see alike1 & t all did n h ! same opportunity = see+1 & t all _h n equally good memories4 ,b :5 we claim t ! witnesses 7 inspir$1 we admit t he :o inspir$ !m did "k exactly :at occurr$1 & consequ5tly !re %\ld be no contradiction 9 ! m9ute/ detail40 ,?is is v poor logic4 ,= al?\gh 8,he :o inspir$0 did "k exactly :at occurr$1 !re may h be5 ! be/ ( reasons = n inspir+ a full record ( all t occurr$1 or an exact record 9 all respects ( :at is record$2 & x mu/ be presum$ t su* an inspiration w\ld be giv5 z w\ld be mo/ conducive to ! end 9 view4 ,& a l answ] disposes ( 8 confid5t ass]tion1 t 8"o inspir$ record ( all t happ5$ ought to be en\gh40 ,he w\ld h ,div9e wisdom sacrifice ev]y?+ else = ! sake ( uni=mity & precise accuracy 9 incid5tal & immat]ial matt]s4 ,9 o!r words he w\ld ti! 8m9t & anise & cumm910 at ! exp5se ( 8weighti] matt]s40 ,! ,gospels 7 sep>ately writt5 at diff]5t times1 accord+ to ! ne$s 9 ! fir/ in/ance ( ! p>ticul> classes = :i* !y 7 imm$iately int5d$1 & ultimately = ! wants ( ! :ole _w4 ,ea* by itself 0 z complete & accurate z x 0 be/ x %\ld be2 & ! :ole tak5 toge!r are z full & exact1 z x is be/ !y %\ld be4 ,& look+ beyond ! p>ticul> classes to :om !y 7 fir/ giv51 to all g5]ations & peoples1 x 0 ( supreme importance t !y %\ld be believ$2 & 9 ord] to ?is1 t !y %\ld be s writt5 z n to c>ry suspicion ( collusion or fabrication ^u _! face4 ,mr4 ,+]soll kn[s t ! te/imony ( f\r witnesses agree+ 9 ! ma9 po9ts1 :ile diff]+ 9 m9or matt]s1 is m satisfactory ?an ! te/imony ( "o4 ,if !re 7 no?+ to be c\nt$ b numb]s1 ! evid5ce w\ld be f\r times z /rong4 ,x is m ?an f\r times z /rong4 ,=1 z ,mr4 ,/>kie says1#e & e lawy] kn[s1 8,! cr$ibility ( te/imony frequ5tly dep5ds ^u ! ex]cise ( reason1 on ! effect ( co9cid5ces 9 te/imony1 :i*1 if collusion be exclud$1 _c be acc\nt$ = b ^u ! supposition t ! te/imony ( concurr+ witnesses is true2 s mu* s t _! individual "* = v]acity is frequ5tly b ( second>y importance40 ,b to h ?is effect x is indisp5sable t collusion be exclud$4 ,& x is ( va/ly great] consequ5ce t we be c]ta9 t we h 7z x is conc$$ we h7 indep5d5t acc\nts ( ! crucifixion ?an x is1 = in/ance1 t ! inscriptions ov] ! cross z giv5 by ! f\r ,evangeli/s %\ld precisely agree1 or t ei!r %\ld h be5 ! exact words t 7 writt54 ,9 fact1 :ile !y all agree t ! accusation 0 8,! ,k+ ( ! ,jews0 7:i* is all t is mat]ial71 no two ( !m agree ) ea* o!r4 ,b z ,pr(essor ,gre5leaf says1 no great] c]ta9ty is call$ =4 8,! same#f v]bal exactness is n necess>y 9 hi/orians ^: aim is religi\s in/ruction1 z 9 record]s ( public inscriptions40 ,if b "o acc\nt1 !re w\ld be ! abs5ce ( t p]sonality & v>iety1 :i* we n[ h1 & m especially ! want ( t conclusive pro( :i* comes f indep5d5t witnesses4 ,if ! ,gospels _h be5 writt5 z ,mr4 ,+]soll says !y %\ld h be5 if inspir$1 ! objections aga9/ !m1 if n insurm\ntable1 w\ld h be5 t5fold /rong]4 ,& :y %\ld n ,div9e wisdom s inspire z to secure ! be/ possible results8 ,& al?\gh two ( ! writ]s 7 ,apo/les1 & to ! ,apo/les 0 ! ,holy ,_s giv5 to tea* !m 8all ?+s10 & br+ to _! remembrance 8all ?+s0 :i* ,jesus _h said unto !m 7,john xiv4 #bf71 ?is does n necess>ily imply an exact transmission ( all ! words spok54 ,reg>d %\ld be _h to ! sub/ance ( ?+s 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r matt]s1 & n to m]e v]bal accuracy1 except 9 ^? r>e cases 9 :i* x is important to "k ! precise language us$4 ,x may safely be affirm$ t !re is no discrepancy 9 relation to any ess5tial fact1 or important doctr9e or duty4 ,& x is j ?is degree ( c]ta9ty & accuracy1 t we %\ld expect f our ,"l's true ,messiah%ip z prov$ by 8 ,resurrection4 ,fif?4--,by x1 we "k t he _h p[] to imp>t to 8 ,apo/les to :om he entru/$ ! e/abli%m5t ( 8 *ur*1 & to ,paul :om he especially select$ z an ,apo/le to ! ,g5tiles1 inspiration & ! gift ( miracles4 ,z ! ,fa!r s5t him into ! _w1 ev5 s he s5t !m into ! _w 7,john xviii4 #ah72 & :at ?+s soev] !y %\ld b9d1 or loose1 on e>?1 %\ld be b\nd or loos$ 9 heav5 7,luke xxi4 #ad-af74 ,miracles 7 atte/ations ( _! ,apo/le%ip1 8,god also be>+ witness ) !m1 bo? by signs & wond]s1 & by manifold p[]s & by gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 accord+ to 8 own w40 7,hebrews ii4 #d47 ,) ! writ+s ( ,john ! volume ( inspiration 0 complete4 ,if any miracles 7 wr\ght aft] 8 "t 7:i* is que/ion$ by _m#g71 !re are none suffici5tly au!nticat$ to be ( any evid5tial value to u4 ,b !re is 9 e true ,*ur*1 & w be to ! end ( "t1 :at is ( great] importance ?an ! work+ ( miracles1 ! convict+ & trans=m+ p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 & any community1 by :atev] "n x may be call$1 t has n ?is atte/ation is n a true ,*ur* ( ! ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! promise ( ! ,com=t] :o %all 8convict ! _w ( s9 & ( righte\sness & ( judgm5t20 & 8,lo6 ,i am ) y alway1 ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w10 are z immutable z ! ?rone ( ,god4 ,if ! ,gospel _h be5 only a 8civilization10 z ,mr4 ,*adwick t]ms x1 x _h nev] be5 kn[n outside ( ,judea4 ,x is because x is ! 8wisdom ( ,god1 & ! p[] ( ,god unto salvation to e "o t believe?10 t x has ga9$ its m>vell\s victories1 ov]turn+ ,pagan ,rome1 & 9 ^! lat] days trans=m+ ev5 ,madagasc>1 ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 & ! cannibals#h ( ! ,fiji ,isl&s into ,*ri/ian communities4 ,six?4--,9 our conception ( ,jesus z our ,savi\r1 we %\ld n sep>ate 8 dea? f 8 resurrection & asc5sion4 ,if he di$ = our s9s1 he rose aga9 = our ju/ification4 ,he is n[ exalt$ z a ,pr9ce & a ,savi\r at ! "r h& ( ! ,fa!r1 to give rep5tance & ! remission ( s9s4 ,unit$ to him by fai?1 & *ang$ into 8 image1 our resurrection is assur$ by 81 & because he lives we %all live also4 ,z (t z we 8eat ?is bread & dr9k ?is cup10 we d %[ =? 8 dea? ,,till ,,he ,,come4 8,h5ce=?10 7said#i ! great ,apo/le7 8!re is laid up = me ! cr[n ( righte\sness :i* ! ,"l1 ! righte\s judge1 %all give to me at t day1 & n only to me1 b also to all !m t leave lov$ 8 appe>+40 8,&#aj ! ,_s & ! ,bride say1 ,come2 & he t he>e? let him say1 ,come2 & he t is a?ir/ let him come2 he t w1 let him take ! wat] ( ,life freely40 #a ,x is "o ( ! m>vels ( s9 & %[s ! effront]y ( ,satan1 t ,hooykaas1 :o is ab\t z rank an infidel z ,/rauss himself1 %\ld be pa/or at ,rott]dam1 a ,doctor ( ,div9ity1 & entitle 8 book1 :i* labori\sly excludes ev]y?+ miracul\s or sup]natural 9 relation to ,jesus1 8,! ,bible = ,le>n]s40 ,mr4 ,*adwick1 :ile admitt+ t he is n a ,*ri/ian 9 ! orig9al s5se ( ! ^w1 argues aga9/ ,/rauss 7) :om he agrees 9 s5tim5t7 ! "r to apply ! t]m to himself1 b mean+ by x only 8a /ream ( t5d5cy10 8fre$om1 progress & civilization40 8,x may be10 he says1 8t "s ( y conceive t my def9ition ( ,*ri/ianity does worse ?an include ^? :o are at pa9s to prove !mselves n ,*ri/ians4 ,x includes ! dang]\s classes ( society2 x includes ! m5 ( vice & crime4 ,!re is no d\bt ( x40 7,see ,free ,religi\s ,index = ,m>* #ag1 #ahha1 ,m>* #bd1 #ahha1 & ,m>* #ca1 #ahha47 ,mr4 ,miln rec5tly prea*$ a s]mon ^u 8,! ,*ur* ( ! ,future10 f :i* he said all speculative beliefs z a condition ( memb]%ip w be exclud$1 ev5 ! belief 9 a p]sonal ,deity4 7,see ,index = ,febru>y #bc1 #ahhb47 ,he does n believe 9 pray] o!r ?an communion ) himself4 7,see ,new ,york ,obs]v] ( ,febru>y #bc1 #ahhb47 ,if ,mr4 ,savage has n yet gone z f>1 he /ops b little %ort ( x4 #b ,s express$ 9 a cre$ drawn up by him 9 #ahjg4 7,see ,congregationali/ ( ,febru>y #ae1 #ahhb47 ,a copy ( ?is cre$ 0 read at ! c5t5nial anniv]s>y ( 8 bir? 7,janu>y #ah1 #ahhb7 by ! ,congregational ,*ur* ( ,salisbury1 ,new ,hamp%ire4 ,he jo9$ ?is *ur* on pr(ession ( fai? ,septemb] #ac1 #ahjg1 & nev] remov$ 8 connection4 7,see ,new ,hamp%ire ,j\rnal ( ,janu>y #bh1 #ahhb47 #c ,see *ap4 xiii4 p4 #fg1 ante4 #d ,9 ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,review = ,augu/1 #ahha1 p4 #aah4 #e ,/>kie on ,evid5ce1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 ,sec4 #aj1 & note ^u ,hume4 #f ,gre5leaf's ,te/imony ( ! ,evangeli/s1 p4 #dgh4 #g ,hi/ory ( ,god's ,*ur*1 by ,eno* ,pond1 ,d4,d41 p4 #fjf4 ,& z to ,judge ,waite's 8_m cases ( resurrection f ! dead1 h&$ d[n 9 ! anci5t my?ologies0 & by hea!n writ]s1 x w be soon en\gh to notice !m :5ev] !re %all be a s]i\s attempt to run a p>allel betwe5 ! evid5ce 9 support ( !m1 & t :i* proves ! resurrection ( our ,"l4 ,& s ( ! :ole sw>m ( ly+ wond]s1 :e!r f\nd 9 hea!n writ]s1 ! ,apocryphal ,gospels1 or exhibit$ by mod]n conjurors or spirituali/s1--s5seless1 frivol\s1 = no wor?y object1 &1 beyond ! my/]y accompany+ !m1 support$ by no reasonable pro(4 ,our ,savi\r told 8 disciples 8be=eh&0 t 8!re %all arise false ,*ri/s & false prophets1 & %all %[ great signs & wond]s1 s z to lead a/ray1 if possible1 ev5 ! elect40 7,mat!w xxiv4 #bd47 ,paul told ,timo?y t 8! ,_s sai? expressly t 9 lat] times "s %all fall away f ! fai?1 giv+ he$ to s$uc+ spirits & doctr9es ( demons1 ?r\gh ! hypocrisies ( m5 t speak lies1 br&$ 9 _! own consci5ce z ) a hot iron40 7#a ,timo?y iv4 #a1 #b47 ,?is w be /range to any mod]n ,sadducee :o believes !re is 8nei!r angel nor ,_s10 b ! ,*ri/ian w d well to give he$4 #h ,)9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s1 ?r\gh ! labors ( ,engli% ,wesleyan mission>ies1 !re has be5 an entire moral r5ovation ( cannibals1 once revell+ & riot+ 9 e excess ( atrocity & be/ial %ame4 ,n[ !re are n9e ?\s& *ur*es & ?\s&s ( communicants1 f\rte5 ?\s& s*ools & ne>ly fifty ?\s& s*ol>s3 & out ( a population ( ab\t "o hundr$ & tw5ty ?\s&1 ov] "o hundr$ ?\s& are reckon$ z regul> att5dants at ! *ur*es4 ,cannibalism has be5 volunt>ily ab&on$1 save by a s+le tribe1 9 eighty inhabit$ isl&s3 idolatry has be5 abjur$1 & all traces ( x swept away4 ,& to-day a g5tle & ref9$ ,engli% woman1 z ,miss ,gordon-,cumm+ 9 h] book1 ,at ,home 9 ,fiji1 te/ifies1 c travel ^! isl&s alone1 m+l+ ) ! p1 rambl+ ?r\gh _! villages1 sleep+ 9 _! huts & eat+ at _! tables1 ) none to mole/ h] or make h] afraid4 7,see ,rev4 ,edw>d ,abbott1 9 ,congregationali/ ( ,febru>y #ae1 #ahhb47 #i #b ,timo?y iv4 #h4 #aj ,revelation xxii4 #ag4 ,,index ,a4 ,,alphabetical ,,index ,,to ,,subjects ,,& ,,anci5t ,,au?ors ,,& ,,writ+s4 ,abs5ce ( ! body ( ,jesus4 ,see ,empty ,tomb4 ,acts & ,luke1 h "o au?or1 #i1 #gg4 ,acts1 quot$ f1 by ,ju/91 #bc1 #bd1 #bf4 :5 writt51 #gi4 ,acts ( ,pet] & ,paul 7,apocryphal71 #cg1 #ch4 ,acts ( ,pilate 7,apocryphal71 #cd1 #ce1 #cf1 #da1 note #e4 ,admissions & ,presumptions1 #i1 #ab1 #ac1 #bb1 #dc4 ,see1 also1 ,r5an1 ,/rauss1 ,waite4 ,aft]-?\ght1 ,resurrection is n an1 #f1 #hf4 ,ag$ disciples1 #ee1 #eg1 #ei1 #fj1 #fb1 note #d4 ,agrippa ,ca/or1 te/imony (1 #de4 ,alex&rian ,codex1 #gj1 #ga1 #gc1 note #aj4 ,alogi1 #dg1 #dh1 #ec1 #fj1 ) #fb1 note #e4 ,ambrose1 #dh1 note #e4 ,anci5t ,de$s & ,records1 are evid5ce1 #eh1 #ei1 #fd1 #fe4 ,&rew1 ! ,apo/le1 #ad4 ,angels1 z port]s1 #abd4 at ! ,sepul*re1 #ajd1 #ajf1 #aah1 #abg1 #acj4 ,ann\ncem5t1 to ,m>y1 #be1 #ce1 #da1 note #c4 ,anton9us1 #aj1 #ah4 ,apelles1 te/imony (1 #de4 ,apocalypse1 au?or%ip (1 #ab1 #dh1 #hj1 note #d1 #hh1 note #c4 ,quotations f1 #cb1 #ha1 #hb4 ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #cd-db1 #adj1 note #g4 ,ju/9 did n use1 #cd-db4 ,apologies ( ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 #ah-fg4 dates (1 #e1 #aj1 #aa1 note #c1 #ah1 #eg1 #eh1 #fa1 note #a4 ,apoll9>is1 te/imony (1 #bg1 #bi1 note #c1 #de4 ,apo/les1 s9c]ity (1 #gd1 #gh1 #hf1 #aad4 ,apo/le%ip1 requisite =1 #aaf1 #aai1 note #ad4 ,appe>ances1 ( ! ,ris5 ,"l1 #g1 #ha-hi1 #aje-aji1 #aae-abf4 corporeal & mat]ial1 #bf1 #ff1 #he1 #ajg1 #aad1 #abb-abd1 #acb1 note #e4 ,j]usalem1 #aje-ajh1 #aae1 #aba4 none su* aft] ,asc5sion1 #abf1 on ! m\nta91 #he1 #hg1 #ajg1 #ajh1 #aji1 note #aj1 #aba4 ,paul's enum]ation (1 #he1 #hg1 #ajg1 #ajh1 #abe1 #acc1 note #g4 sea ( ,galilee1 #ajh1 #aba1 #abe4 to ,james1 #hg1 #ajh1 #aba4 to ,m>y ,magdal5e1 #aje1 #ajf1 #aaf1 #aag1 #aba1 #abc4 to ,pet]1 #he1 #hg1 #ajg1 #abc4 to ! ,elev51 #he1 #hg1 #ajg1 #ajh1 #aji1 note #aj1 #aac1 #aba4 to ! five hundr$1 #he1 #hg1 #ajh1 #aji1 note #aj1 #aba1 #abe4 to ! two disciples1 #ajf1 #ajg1 #aaf1 #aah1 #aba1 #abc1 #abd4 to ! wom51 #ajf1 #aji1 notes #e & #g1 #aae1 #aaf1 #aah1 #aba1 #abc1 #abe4 to ,?omas1 #ajg1 #ajh4 :y n to ,sanh$rim1 #aaj1 #abb4 ,appe>ance1 to ,paul1 #acj1 #aca4 9 ! ,apocalypse1 #acj4 to ,/eph51 #abf1 #acj4 ,aretus1 ! ,k+1 #hc4 ,ari/ion1 #ad1 #af1 note #a4 ,asc5d+ ! ,/ream1 #ej-ff4 ,asc5sion1 *ange at1 #ajh1 #abd4 ,luke's1 acc\nt (1 #abe4 ,a!nagoras1 te/imony (1 #de1 #dg1 #ea4 ,au?ority ( ,jesus1 v9dicat$1 #ace4 ,au?or%ip ( ,acts1 #i1 #df1 #gg4 ( ,apocalypse1 #ab1 #cb1 #dh1 #hh1 note #c4 ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,see same4 ,b>nabas & ,titus1 #aj1 #ec1 #hc4 ,b>nabas1 ,epi/le (1 #aj1 #bc1 #ec4 ,date (1 #aj1 #fg1 #gb1 note #a4 ,quotes ,mat!w z ,scripture1 #bb1 note #d4 ,uses ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 #bc1 #bf4 ,b>-,salibi1 on ,tatian1 #dg4 ,b>?olomew1 #ed4 ,basilides1 us$ ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 #aj1 #aa1 note #d1 #bg1 #bh1 #de4 "t (1 #aj1 #bh1 #cd4 ,begg+ ! "q1 #g4 ,be/ evid5ce1 :at is1 #aj4 ,blasphemy1 or a true ,resurrection1 #abi4 ,bodily s5ses may be tru/$1 #abd1 #abe4 ,bre?r5 ( ,jesus1 #ci4 ,burial ( ,jesus1 c]ta9ty (1 #ajb1 #ajc1 #aji1 note #b4 ,cs>ea ,philippi1 #ia4 ,caius1 ( ,rome1 te/imony (1 #ea4 ,canon ( ,muratori1 see ,muratori ,canon4 ,cappadocia & ,pontus to ,gaul1 #i1 #ej4 ,cave1 bir? 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,"l's ,supp]1 #ha1 #hb4 ,passov] week1 #aae4 ,pa/or ,h]mas1 see ,h]mas4 ,"p ( a day = ! :ole1 #ij1 #ajj1 notes #b1 #c4 ,paul's conv]sion1 date (1 #hc1 #hh1 note #b4 te/imony to ! ,resurrection1 #ha to #hg4 visits to ,j]usalem1 #hb1 #hc4 ,paul's conc$$ ,epi/les1 #ab1 #fg1 #hd1 #hf4 :5 writt51 #gi1 #hb1 #he1 #hh1 note #b4 _! great value z evid5ce ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection1 #ab1 #ha to #hh4 ,pet]'s *ange ( "*1 #abg1 #abh4 at ! tomb1 #ajd1 #aje4 *>ge to1 #ajh4 d5ial1 #ig1 #ih4 rebuk$1 #ib1 #ig4 ,see ,appe>ances4 ,pet]'s ,gospel 7,apocryphal71 #bj1 ) #bb1 note #b1 #ch1 #ci1 #dj1 #db1 note #ad1 #de1 ) #dh1 note #a1 #fb1 note #f4 ,philip1 ! ,apo/le1 #ad4 ,philippians1 ,epi/le to1 #ab4 ,physical cause ( ,*ri/'s dea?1 #ajb1 #ajh1 note #a4 ,pilate1 assur$ ( ,*ri/'s dea?1 #ajc1 #aad4 ,pl9y's ,lett] to ,trojan1 #i1 #ab1 #ei4 ,pl\ghs & ,yokes1 #ce4 ,polyc>p1 te/imony (1 #aj1 #bc1 #cc1 #de1 #ea1 #ee1 #ef4 8 ,epi/le1 #aj1 #cc4 8 m>tyrdom1 #ee4 ,polycrates1 ,bi%op ( ,ephesus1 #ea4 ,positive & ,negative ,evid5ce1 #cb1 #cf1 #fg1 #gg1 #abd1 #abe4 ,po?9us1 te/imony (1 #ea1 #ee1 #ef4 ,prea*+ ( ! ,resurrection1 z e>ly z ,day ( ,p5teco/1 #hc1 #hd1 #aja4 disproves ,my?s or ,leg5ds1 #he1 #hf4 mu/ be acc\nt$ =1 #aac1 #aad4 !ories ^u1 #aac1 #aad4 ,prea*+ ( ,paul1 7,apocryphal17 #cg4 ,pr$ictions ( ,8 ,dea? & ,resurrection1 by ,himself1 #hi to #ig1 #ajb1 #abh1 #abi4 by ! ,prophets1 #abg1 #abh4 :y n und]/ood1 #ajj4 _! great =ce z evid5ce1 #ajb4 ,preface1 #e4 ,presumptions1 see ,legal ,presumption4 ,pres5tation at ! ,temple1 #gh4 ,previ\s ,resurrections1 #aaf1 #aag4 ,proclamation ( ! ,resurrection4 ,see ,prea*+1 etc4 ,pro( ( ! ,resurrection possible1 #aaa1 #aab4 & suffici5t1 #aae to #acc4 ,prophecies ( ! ,resurrection4 ,see ,pr$ictions1 etc4 ,protevangelium 7,apocryphal71 #cd to #db4 ,public ,m9i/ry1 t]m9ation (1 #gf1 #hj1 note #e1 #if4 ,quotations 9 ! ,second ,c5tury1 f ,old ,te/am5t1 n exact1 #bd1 #ca4 f ,gospels1 n exact1 #bc1 #bd1 #ca1 #dg4 "n ( writ] n giv5 9 quot+1 be=e ,!ophilus1 #de1 #df1 #dg1 #ec1 #ef1 #fg4 ,see ,b>nabas1 ,clem5t1 ,h]mas4 ,quotations by ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 f ,acts1 #bc1 #bd1 #cc4 f ,john1 #bc1 #cj1 #ca1 #cb4 f ,luke1 #bc to #bg1 #cc4 f ,m>k1 #bc1 #bd1 #cb4 f ,mat!w1 #bc1 #bd1 #cc4 ,quotations1 by ,ir5u1 #de1 #ea1 #ee1 #ef4 by ,orig51 #de1 #gb1 note #c4 by ,papias1 #ae1 #af1 note #c4 by ,presbyt]s1 #af1 note #c4 by ,!ophilus1 #de1 #df1 #dg1 #ea1 #ec1 #ef4 by ,t]tullian1 #ch1 #de1 #ed1 #ee1 #fh1 #fi1 #gb1 note #c4 ,relation ( ,gospel to ,epi/les1 #hg1 #hh4 ,rem9isc5ces1 & n connect$ ,hi/ories1 #gg4 ,r5d+ ! ,veil1 #acj4 ,repositories = ! ,gospel1 #fc1 #fd4 ,resurrection ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 antec$5tly probable1 #abh1 #abi4 suffici5tly prov$1 #aab to #acc4 ,resurrection ,body1 #bf1 #ff1 note #a1 #fg1 #he1 #abb1 #abc1 #abd1 #acb1 notes #d1 #e4 ,revelations1 g5]ally conc$$1 #ab1 #hh1 note #c4 quotations f1 #cb1 #ha1 #hb4 /yle diff]s f ,gospel1 #gf1 #hj1 note #d4 suffici5tly acc\nt$ =1 #gf1 #hj1 note #d4 ,revis$ ,v]sion1 #gb1 #ajj1 note #a1 #aji1 note #g4 ,roman ,civil ,law1 text (1 #gb1 #gc1 note #ac4 ,romans1 ,epi/le to1 conc$$1 #ab4 quotations f1 #ca1 #cb1 #ha to #hg4 :5 writt51 #gi1 #hb4 ,salome1 #aji1 note #e4 ,sanh$rim1 #hb1 #ih1 #aja1 #ajc1 #aji1 note #c1 #aaj1 #aac1 #abj1 #abb4 ,saturn-day1 ,sunday1 #ai4 ,septuag9t1 #ai4 ,s]apion1 te/imony (1 #ch1 #ci1 #de1 #ea1 #ef4 ,sev]us1 p]secution "u1 #aj4 ,slay+ ( ! *ildr51 #gh4 ,%eph]ds1 visit (1 #gh4 ,s9aitic ,codex1 #gj1 #ga1 #gc1 note #aj1 #aji1 note #g4 ,s9c]ity ( ! witnesses conc$$1 #gd1 #hf1 #hg1 #aad4 ,sign ( ,jonah1 #ij1 #ajj1 notes #b1 #c4 ( temple ( 8 body1 #hi4 ( ,braz5 ,s]p5t1 #hi1 #ij1 #abi4 ,sil5ce n contradiction1 #af1 #af1 note #c1 #cb1 #cf1 #fg1 #gg1 #abd1 #abe4 ,socrates1 #ab4 ,soldi]s'1 fabrication1 #ajc1 #ajd1 #aji1 note #d1 #abd4 ,s\rces ( ,evid5ce1 #g to #aj4 ,spe> ( ! ,soldi]1 #ajb1 #aad4 ,/eph5's vision ( ,*ri/1 #abf1 #acj4 ,sub/itution ( ,gospels1 disprov$1 #ej to #fg4 ,suffici5cy ( ! ,pro(s1 #aaj to #acj1 #acb1 #acg1 #ach4 ,sup]scription on ! ,cross1 #ach1 #adj1 note #f4 ,suppression ( ,evid5ce1 #aae4 ,survival ( ! fitte/1 #ac4 ,sybill9e writ+s1 #cg4 ,synoptics1 mean+ (1 #gf1 #hj1 note #c4 ,syria & ,cilicia1 #hc4 ,syriac ,v]sion1 #fi4 ,tab]nacle pr$ictions1 #ic4 ,tacitus1 ! ,hi/orian1 #i1 #ab4 ,tatian1 ! ,h]etic1 #de1 #dg1 #dh4 ,see ,diatess>on4 ,t5 ,p]secutions1 #aa4 ,t]tullian1 ! di/+ui%$ ,lawy]1 #ch1 #de1 #ec1 #ed1 #ee1 #ef1 #fj1 #fh1 #gb1 note #c4 ,!ophilus ( ,antio*1 #de1 #df1 #dg1 #ea1 #ec1 #ef4 ,!ophilus ( ,antio*1 quot$ ,john by "n1 #df1 #ea1 #ec4 ,!ophilus1 ! fri5d ( ,luke1 #gg4 ,!ssalonians1 ,epi/les to1 #ab4 ,?omas ! ,apo/le1 #ad4 ,tib]ias1 appe>ances at1 #ajh1 #aba1 #abe1 #acc1 note #g4 ,"t1 h[ reckon$ by ! ,jews1 #ij1 #ajj1 note #c4 ,titus & ,b>nabas1 #hc4 ,see ,b>nabas4 ,tol]ation1 rule =1 #ace4 ,tombs1 at ,ephesus1 #ad4 ,tradition1 #i1 #ec1 #ed1 #ff1 #fg1 #fh4 ,trajan1 p]secution "u1 #i1 #aj1 #ab1 #ei4 ,transfiguration1 #ib1 #abc4 ,translations1 #fi1 #gj4 ,trypho ! ,jew1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj1 #ba1 #ajd1 #aji1 note #d4 ,see ,ju/9 ,m>tyr4 ,uncial manuscripts1 #gc1 note #aj4 ,unity ( ,gospels1 #gi4 ,usages 9 ,ju/9's "t1 #ai4 ,val5t9us1 evid5ce f1 #de1 #dg4 ,vatican ,codex1 #gj1 #ga1 #gc1 note #aj1 #aji1 note #g4 ,victor1 ,bi%op ( ,rome1 #ea4 ,vi5ne & ,lyons1 #de4 ,vision1 !ory /at$1 #aad4 disprov$1 #aad to #acb4 ,walk+ on ! ,sea1 #abc4 ,wise m5 ( ! ,ea/1 #gh4 ,witnesses 9 ,c\rt1--see ,cr$ibility1 etc4 wom5 n compet5t1 #aaf1 #aai1 note #ac4 ,wom5 at ! ,sepul*re1 #ajd to #ajf1 #aji1 note #e1 #aae1 #aaf4 ,yield+ up ! ,gho/1 #ii4 ,zeb$ee's ,sons1 #db1 note #ad1 #ij to #ajj4 ,,index ,b4 ,,alphabetical ,,index ,,to ,,mod]n ,,au?ors1 ,,ev5ts1 ,,& ,,writ+s4 ,abbot1 ,e4 ,a41 ,d4,d41 on date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,abbott1 ,rev4 ,edw>d1 on ,fijis1 #ada1 note #h4 ,abbot1 ,! ,au?or%ip ( ! ,f\r? ,gospel by ,ezra ,abbot1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d4 7,bo/on1 #ahhj47 ,frequ5t citations f1 #aj to #dh4 ,abbott1 ,cyclopdia ( ,religi\s ,k1 by ,lyman ,abbott1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 cit$1 #abb1 #acb1 note #e1 ) #abb4 ,adams' ,roman ,antiquities1 #aai1 note #ac4 ,al=d 7,dean7 #ajc1 #ajh1 note #a1 ) #ajb4 ,ambrosian ,libr>y1 #dh1 note #e4 ,ante-,nic5e ,*ri/ian ,libr>y1 #af1 notes #a1 #c1 #bb1 #bc1 #cj1 #cd4 ,arnold1 ,mat!w1 on ,basilides1 #bh1 ) #aj1 & #aa1 note #d4 ,bampton ,lectures1 #dj ) #db1 note #ag1 #fh ) #gb1 note #f4 ,b>nes1 ,alb]t1 on site ( ,emmaus1 #aji1 note #i4 on ! ,resurrection ,body1 #abc1 #acb1 note #e4 ,b>tlett1 ,pres41 on ! slight hi/orical errors1 #gi1 note #a4 ,baur1 ,j4 ,c41 on ,f\r? ,gospel1 #eb4 ,b5tley1 on g5u95ess ( ,gospels1 #ga4 ,black/one1 #cb1 #acb4 ,bleek1 on date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,buck's ,!ological ,diction>y1 #aa1 note #e4 ,cannibals ,*ri/ianiz$1 #aci1 #ada1 note #h4 ,canonicity1--,see ,*>t]is4 ,*adwick's ,views ( ,*ri/ianity1 #acd1 #aci1 #adj1 note #a4 ,*>t]is1 ,pr(4 ,a4 ,h41 ,d4,d41 on ,basilides1 #bh4 date ( ,celsus1 #di1 note #f4 date ( ,ju/9's ,apology1 #fa1 note #a4 e>ly univ]sal use ( ,gospels1 #dg4 ,f\r? ,gospel1 #ag1 #bg1 #bh1 #dg4 ,m>cion's ,gospel1 #gb1 note #g1 ) #fi4 ,papias1 #ag4 ,pa/or ,h]mas1 #bg4 ,*ild1 ,l4 ,m>ia1 #aai1 note #ac4 ,congregationali/1 #eh1 note1 #adj1 note #b1 #ada1 note #h4 ,conybe>e & ,h[son's ,life ( ,paul1 #hb1 #hc1 ) #hh1 notes #b1 #d4 ,cr$n]1 on date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,curtiss1 ,pr(4 ,samuel ,ives1 ,d4,d41 on ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #cd1 #ce1 #ci1 & #dj ) #db1 notes #ae1 #af4 date ( ,celsus1 #dh1 note #f4 date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #f4 ,judge ,waite1 #ce1 #dh1 note #f4 ,cursive manuscripts ( ,gospels1 #gc1 note #aj4 ,davidson1 ,samuel1 cit$ by ,waite1 #bi1 note #d4 ,de ,soto1 #eb4 ,donaldson & ,rob]ts1 #af1 notes #a1 #c1 #bj1 #bb1 note #a1 #bc1 #cj1 #fa1 note #a4 ,dorn] on use by ,papias ( ,john's ,gospel1 #ag4 ,drummond1 ,pr(41 on ,ju/9's use ( ,john's ,gospel1 #cj4 ,e>ly settlem5ts 9 ,new ,hamp%ire1 #eh4 ,f>r>1 7,canon71 #ajj1 note #a1 #aji1 note #c4 ,fi%]1 ,pr(4 ,george ,p41 ,d4,d41 on ,alogi1 #fb1 note #e4 date ( ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #da1 note #b1 ) #cd4 date ( ,celsus1 #di1 note #f1 ) #df4 date ( ,ju/9's ,apology1 #fa1 note #a4 date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #df1 #dh1 note #e4 g5u95ess ( text ( ,gospels1 #fg1 #ga1 #gb1 note #d1 #gc1 note #ab4 ,john's ,gospel1 #bg1 #bi1 note #c1 #cc1 note #c1 ) #cj4 ,ju/9's ,quotations1 #df1 #dh1 notes #b1 #d1 #fb1 note #e1 #fg1 #fh1 #gb1 note #d4 ,m>cion's ,gospel1 #gb1 note #d1 ) #fh4 ,!ophilus1 #df1 #dh1 note #d4 ,free ,religi\s ,index1 #adj1 note #a4 ,fri$lieb1 on physical ,cause ( ,dea?1 #ajb1 #ajh1 note #a4 ,geikie1 ,! ,life & ,words ( ,*ri/1 by ,cunn+ham ,geikie1 ,d4,d41 7#ahhj71 cit$ page #aji1 note #aj1 ) page #ajh4 ,gibbon's ,rome1 #i4 ,gibson1 ,*4 ,ju/ice1 #aca4 ,gilb]t ,we/1--,see ,we/4 ,godet1 ,pr(4 ,f41 ,d4,d41 #hh1 note #a1 #ij1 #ajj1 note #c1 #abf1 #acb1 notes #a1 #b1 #acc1 note #h4 ^u ,possibility ( ,miracles1 #acb1 notes #a1 #b1 ) #aaa4 ^u ,sign ( ,jonah1 #hh1 note #a1 #ij1 #ajj1 note #c4 ^u ,vision ,!ory1 #abf1 #acc1 note #h4 ,gordon-,cumm+1 9 ,fiji1 #ada1 note #h4 ,granite ,mon?ly1 #eh4 ,gre5leaf1 ,pr(4 ,simon1 ,,ll4,d41 on cock-cr[+1 #ajj1 note #d1 ) #ig4 cr$ibility ( witnesses1 #gh1 #acg1 #ach1 #adj1 notes #c1 #f4 g5u95ess ( ,gospels1 #ac1 #gb1 #gc1 note #ac4 presumption ( ,p]man5cy1 #dc1 #dd1 note #a1 #ff4 presumption ( ,rightfulness1 #ac1 #dd1 note #a1 #ff4 sign ( ,jonah1 #ajj1 note #c1 ) page #ij4 sup]scription on ! ,cross1 #ach1 #adj1 note #f4 tru? ( ,*ri/ianity1 #acb1 #ach1 #adj1 note #f4 ,hanna1 ,rev4 ,william1 ,,ll4,d41 on cause ( dea?1 #aji1 note #a1 ) #ajb4 empty tomb1 #aje1 #aji1 note #f4 ,galilee meet+1 #aji1 note #aj1 ) #ajh4 ,hilg5feld on ,ju/9's use ( ,john's ,gospel1 #cj1 #cc1 note #c4 on date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,hooykaas & 8 ,bible = ,le>n]s1 #aad1 #aai1 note #h1 #abh1 #acc1 note #ab1 #acd1 #adj1 note #a4 ,holtzmann1 on ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #ce4 ,hume's argum5t f exp]i5ce1 #dc1 #aab4 ,+]soll on inspiration1 #acf1 #acg1 #ach4 on miracles1 #aab1 #aah1 note #c4 ,int]-,ocean 7,*icago71 #da1 note #b1 #db1 note #ae1 #af4 ,k5t1 ,*ancellor1 #cb1 #acb4 ,keim1 ,dr41 on date ( ,celsus1 #dh1 #di1 note #f4 on ! empty tomb1 #abj1 #acb1 note #b4 ,lafayette's visit1 #eg1 #fb1 note #b4 ,l&+ ( ! ,pilgrims1 #eh4 ,lange's ,life ( ,jesus1 on cause ( dea?1 #ajh1 note #a1 ) #ajb4 ,cleopas & ,luke1 #ajf1 #aji1 note #h4 ,galilee meet+1 #ajh1 #aji1 note #aj4 gu>d ( ,soldi]s1 #aji1 note #c1 ) #ajc4 j\rney to ,emmaus1 #ajf1 #aji1 note #h4 lift+ up ! ,s]p5t1 #hi1 #ij1 #ajj1 note #a4 locality ( ,emmaus1 #aji1 note #i4 sign ( ,jonah1 #ajj1 notes #b1 #c1 ) #ij4 wom5 at ! ,sepul*re1 #ajd1 #aji1 note #e4 ,lemis* on date ( ,ju/9's ,apology1 #fa1 note #a4 ,light ,infantry ,poor1 #fb1 note #b1 ) #eg4 ,lipsius1 ,pr(4 ( ,j5a1 on date ( ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #ce4 t ,ju/9 did n use !m1 #dj1 #db1 note #ae4 ,"l ,br\gham1 #acb4 ,madagasc> ,*ri/ianiz$1 #aci4 ,mason1 ,j]emiah1 #acb4 ,m>%all1 ,*4 ,ju/ice1 #acb4 ,mat!w ,arnold4 ,see ,arnold4 ,mc,clintock & ,/rong's ,cyclop$ia1 on ,c]9?us1 #ff1 note #c4 ,pagan ,p]secutions1 #aa1 note #e1 #gc1 note #i4 ,resurrection ,body ( ,*ri/1 #abc4 ,mey]'s ,lexicon1 on date ( ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #ce4 ,mill1 ,j4 ,s4 conc$es1 ,*ri/ ,hi/orical1 #abh1 #acc1 note #aa4 miracles possible1 #h4 ,miln1 on 8,*ur* ( ! ,future10 #acd1 #adj1 note #a4 ,milligan1 ,! ,resurrection ( ,our ,"l1 by ,william ,milligan1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(4 etc4 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ab]de54 7,london1 #ahha71 ,cit$1 #aad1 #aai1 notes #e1 #g4 ,morrison1 ,james1 ,d4,d41 on ,empty ,tomb1 #aai1 note #ah4 ,new ,hamp%ire ,j\rnal1 ,preface & #adj1 note #b4 ,new ,york ,obs]v]1 #adj1 note #a4 ,ne&]1 on ! date ( ,ju/9's ,apology1 #fa1 note #a4 de/ruction ( ,*ur*1 etc41 at ,nicom$ia1 #gc1 note #i4 ,new ,revision1 #gb1 #ajj1 note #a4 ,nor? ,am]ican ,review1 #aah1 note #c1 #adj1 note #d4 ,norton1 on ,pet]'s ,gospel1 #ci1 #db1 note #ab1 #ef1 note #b4 on ,g5u95ess ( ,our ,gospels1 #ed1 #ef1 #gf1 #hj1 note #f4 on numb] ( ,copies ( ,gospels1 #gc1 note #h1 ) #gj4 ,page on date ( ,ju/9's ,apology1 #fa1 note #a4 ,p>k]1 ,joel1 ,*4 ,ju/ice1 #dc4 ,p>melee1 ,dr4 ,simeon1 great age (1 #eg4 ,p>sons1 ,!ophilus1 ,*4 ,ju/ice1 #acb4 ,patt5's ,di>ies1 #eh4 ,paulus1 ,!ory (1 #aad4 ,phillips1 on ,presumptions1 #dc1 #dd1 note #a4 ,pond1 ,dr4 ,eno*1 z to cessation ( ,miracles1 #adj1 note #g4 ,pr9ceton ,review1 #fh1 #gb1 note #d1 #gi1 note #a4 ,r5an1 ,erne/1 admissions by1 #ab1 #ac1 note #a1 #hd1 #aab1 #acj1 #acc1 notes #ab & #ad4 dem&s exp]t te/imony1 #g4 d5ials1 #g1 #aa1 note #a1 #aab1 #aah1 note #c4 idle boa/+1 #hd1 #aaf1 #aai1 note #ab4 ^u ,*ri/'s tea*+s1 #abh1 #acc1 note #ab4 ^u sil5ce ( ,hi/orians z to occurr5ces at ! ,crucifixion1 #acj1 #acc1 note #ad4 ,reuss1 on date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,rigg5back1 on use by ,papias ( ,john's ,gospel1 #ag4 ,rob]ts & ,donaldson1 #af1 notes #a & #c1 #bj1 #bb1 note #a1 #bc1 #cj1 #fa1 note #a4 t ,ju/9 did n cite ,pet]'s ,gospel1 #bj4 ,rob9son's ,holy ,l&1 #aji1 note #i4 ,rob9son1 ,john1 ! ,pilgrim ,fa!r1 #ace4 ,rob9son1 ,pr(41 on ! ,resurrection ,body1 #abb1 #acb1 note #e4 ,r\?1 on ,papias' use ( ,john's ,gospel1 #ag4 ,r[e1 ,pr(4 ,see ,bampton ,lectures4 ,salisbury ,*ur*4 ,see ,web/]4 ,s&ay1 ,dr41 on quotations by ,ju/91 #bd4 by ,ir5u1 #ef4 dates ( ,celsus1 ,muratori ,canon1 #dh & #di1 notes #e1 #f4 t ,m>cion's ,gospel is an abridgm5t ( ,luke1 #fh1 #fi1 #gb1 note #g4 ,s&wi* ,isl&s ,*ri/ianiz$1 #aci4 ,savage1 on ! 8,*ur* ( ! ,future10 #acd1 #adj1 note #a4 ,s*lei]ma*]1 !ory (1 #ha1 #hh1 note #a4 ,s*5kel's ,lexicon1 on date ( ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #ce4 ,scott1 ,?omas1 ,d4,d41 t "p ( ! day is c\nt$ = ! :ole1 #ij1 #ajj1 note #c4 ^u ,resurrection ,body1 #abb1 #acb1 note #e4 ,scribn]'s ,mon?ly1 #gc1 note #ab4 ,se>s' 8,he>t ( ,*ri/10 #cj1 #cc1 note #c1 #di1 note #f1 #fa1 note #a1 #hj1 note #d4 ,smi? & ,wace's ,diction>y1 #ce4 ,spirituali/s1 #adj1 #ada1 note #g4 ,/anley 7,dean7 z to date ( ,polyc>p's ,epi/le1 #aj4 ,/>kie1 on co9cid5ces1 #acg1 #adj1 note #e4 on ,*ri/ianity1 #acb4 ,/i]1 t "p ( a day is c\nt$ = ! :ole1 #ij1 #ajj1 note #b4 ,/ory1 ,judge1 #cb1 #acb4 ,/[e1 ,pr(4 ,c4 ,e41 on ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #ce1 #da1 note #b4 ,eld]s at ,ephesus1 #ef1 note #d1 ) #ee4 ,gospel to ,hebrews1 #cg1 #db1 note #aj4 ,greek ,classic ,copies1 #ga1 #gc1 note #aa4 ,john's ,gospel1 #dh1 note #d4 ,!ophilus1 #dh1 note #d4 ,/rauss1 ,david1 ,admissions by3 actual dea? ( ,jesus1 #ha1 #ajb1 #aad1 #aai1 note #f4 s9c]ity ( witnesses1 #hf4 univ]sal use ( ! ,gospels1 by ! end ( ! ,second ,c5tury1 #de1 #df4 false !ories (1 #g1 #h1 #ha1 #hh1 note #a1 #ajf1 #aae4 became an a!i/1 #h4 h[ f> comm5d$1 #ch1 #acd4 m c&id ?an ,waite1 #ch4 ,/r\d1 on physical cause ( ,dea?1 #ajb1 #ajh1 note #a4 ,sup]natural ,religion4 ,an ,inquiry into ,! ,reality ( ,div9e ,revelation4 7,anonym\s47 ,ref]r$ to pp4 #ag1 #db1 note #ad1 #fh1 #fi1 #aab1 ) #aah1 note #c4 ,taylor1 ,william1 ,d4,d41 on ,miracles1 #aaa1 #aah1 note #a1 #abh1 #acc1 note #aj4 ,?omson's 8,l& & ,book10 #ce1 #cf1 #da1 note #d4 ,tis*5dorf1 ,con/ant9e1 discov]] ( ! ,s9aitic ,codex1 #gj4 on ,comm5t>y ( ,h]acleon1 #dg1 #di1 note #h4 on diff]5ce 9 ,manuscripts1 #gc1 note #aj4 on numb] ( manuscript copies1 #ga1 #gc1 note #aj4 on quotations by ,ir5u1 #ef1 note #c1 ) #ee4 on use1 by ,papias1 ( ,john's ,gospel1 #ag4 ,tb+5 ,s*ool1 #h1 #cj4 ,uncials1 numb] (1 #gc1 note #aj4 ,waite1 ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion to ! ye> ,two ,hundr$4 ,by ,*>les ,b4 ,waite1 ,a4 ,m4 ,second ,edition1 ,*icago 7#ahha71 #cd4 ,waite1 ,c4 ,b41 admits ,gospels d n copy f ea* o!r1 #gd4 ,waite1 ,c4 ,b41 8 mi/akes z to ,apocalypse1 #hh1 note #c4 ,apocryphal ,gospels1 #ce1 #cf1 #da1 note #e4 ,basilides1 #bi1 note #d4 ,clem5t ( ,rome1 #cb1 #ff1 note #a1 #fg1 #gb1 note #b4 ,celsus1 #dh1 note #f4 ,c]9?us1 #ff1 note #c4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 #e1 #aj1 #aa1 note #c1 #fa1 note #a4 ,m>cion's ,gospel1 #ch1 #de1 #ed1 #fh1 #fi1 #gb1 note #g4 ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,pet]'s ,gospel1 #bj1 note #b1 #ch1 #ci1 #dj1 #db1 note #ad1 #dh1 #fb1 note #f4 ,resurrection body1 & ,paul1 #he1 #aad1 #aai1 note #h1 #abb4 ) o!r matt]s too num]\s to m5tion4 ,walk]1 ,timo?y1 ,di>ies (1 #eh4 ,web/]1 ,daniel1 #acb1 #ace1 #adj1 note #b4 8 cre$1 #ace1 #adj1 note #b4 8 *ur* memb]%ip1 #adj1 note #b4 ,w>r5ton1 on quotations f ,o4 ,t41 #hj1 note #a4 ,weisel]1 on date ( ,muratori ,canon1 #dh1 note #e4 ,we/cott1 #ag1 #hj1 note #f4 ,wesleyan ,mission>ies1 #ada1 note #h4 ,we/1 ,gilb]t1 on resurrection1 #aag1 #aai1 note #af4 ,:itby1 t a "p ( a day is put = ! :ole1 #ajj1 note #c4 ,:itti]'s ,poem1 #eg4 ,wright4 ,! ,logic ( ,*ri/ian ,evid5ces4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,fr$]ick ,wright1 ,&ov]1 ,mass4 7#ahhj71 cit$ or quot$1 #ah1 #bd1 #bh1 note #a1 #ef1 notes1 & #hj1 note #f4 ,yorkt[n ,scammel1 #fb1 note #b4 ,,&ov] ,,publications4 ,w4 ,f4 ,,drap]1 ,,publi%]1 ,,&ov]1 ,,mass4 ,among ! ,&ov] ,publications w be f\nd *oice & valuable books = intellig5t read]s2 also works = ! special use ( ,!ological ,/ud5ts & ,cl]gym54 ,! ,catalogue embraces works on ! ,evid5ces & ,def5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,devotional books1 ,essays 9 ,philosophy & ,!ology1 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 ,discrepancies ( ! ,bible1 ,h]m5eutics1 ,comm5t>ies on v>i\s books ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts1 ,h>monies ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ,greek & 9 ,engli%1 ,gramm>s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ,greek1 ,hebrew ,lexicon & ,gramm>s1 etc4 ,descriptive ,catalogues s5t free on application4 ,all books s5t by mail po/paid1 at ! prices annex$4 ,a special disc\nt ( tw5ty p] c5t is giv5 to cl]gym5 & !ological /ud5ts1 except+ on ! 8,biblio!ca ,sacra0 & ^? books :i* are m>k$ by a 994 ,address ,w4 ,f4 ,,drap]1 ,,publi%]1 ,,&ov]1 ,,mass4 ,books ,publi%$ by ,w4 ,f4 ,drap]4 ,rem>ks on ! ,int]nal ,evid5ce = ! ,tru? ( ,reveal$ ,religion4 ,by ,,?omas ,,ersk9e1 ,esq41 ,advocate4 ,?ird ,am]ican1 f ! ,fif? ,ed9burgh ,edition4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,! entire treatise _c fail to comm5d ! positions :i* x advocates to intellig5t & consid]ate m9ds4 ,x is "o ( ! be/1 p]haps ! be/1 ( all ! discussions ( ?is mom5t\s subject40--,congregationali/4 8,?is argum5t ( ,ersk9e = ! ,int]nal ,evid5ce ( ! ,tru? ( ,reveal$ ,religion1 is ! mo/ compact1 natural1 & conv9c+ we h ev] read f any au?or40--,*ri/ian ,*ronicle4 8,no man ought to consid] himself z hav+ /udi$ !ology unless he has read & pond]$ & read aga9 #8,ersk9e on ! ,int]nal ,evid5ce4'0--,indep5d5t4 ,five ,disc\rses on ,/4 ,paul4 ,to :i* is add$ a ,disc\rse on ,fatalism4 ,by ,,adolphe ,,monod4 ,translat$ f ! ,fr5* by ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4 ,,my]s1 ,d4,d4 #abmo4 #ij c5ts4 8,! aim ( ! au?or is to pres5t an e/imate ( ! "*1 labors1 & writ+s ( ! ,apo/le ,paul 9 ! light ( an example1 & to apply ! pr9ciples :i* actuat$ him1 & :i* he ma9ta9$1 to ,*ri/ians ( ! pres5t day40--,bo/on ,j\rnal4 8,a book unsurpass$ 9 its dep>tm5t1 9 any language1 = manly eloqu5ce1 ?or\gh rese>*1 pr(\nd reflection1 a mo/ e>ne/1 gl[+1 w9n+ ,*ri/ian _s1 unit$ ) an exact appreciation ( ! great ,apo/le's "* & "w1 & a wise1 cauti\s1 b bold & unfl9*+1 application ( 8 tea*+s to ! times 9 :i* we live40--,! ,translator4 8,a ma/]ly & mo/ eloqu5t del9eation ( ! inn] life ( ! great ,apo/le40--,evangelical ,qu>t]ly4 ,writ+s ( ,ar*bi%op ,:ately4 ,publi%$ "u ! sanction ( ! au?or1 f ! late/ revis$ edition2 viz4 ,essays on "s ( ! ,difficulties 9 ! ,writ+s ( ,/4 ,paul4 #abmo4 ,clo? extra1 gilt tops4 #a4ej 8,dr4 ,:ately's writ+s are *>act]iz$ by s\nd ?\ght & solid judgm5t4 ,cle> & solid s5se is 8 peculi> *>act]i/ic4 ,he is (t5 +5i\s1 g5]ally c&id1 almo/ always pla9 & transp>5t40--,biblio!ca ,sacra4 8,an excell5t "w40--,new ,york ,evangeli/4 8,! ,ar*bi%op's writ+s are a "p ( ! /]l+ !ological lett]s ( ! age1 & ought to be possess$ by all ! /udi\s & ?\ghtful40--,j\rnal & ,mess5g]4 8,?is book _h pass$ ?r\gh at lea/ eight editions 9 ,engl& be=e its publication 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,dr4 ,:ately is always entitl$ to a he>+4 ,nev] pr(\nd1 he is always cle>2 nev] v orig9al1 he is always in/ructive2 nev] disgu/+ly dogmatic1 he always seems to feel a s]5e assurance t he has exhau/$ ! :ole subject1 & t 8 v]dict is f9al2 always positive & didactic1 he is yet nev] extreme1 b always takes ! middle & mod]ate view40--,wat*man & ,reflector4 ,essays on "s ( ! ,peculi>ities ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion1 & ,hi/oric ,d\bts conc]n+ ,napoleon4 #abmo4 pp4 #bfd & #dh4 ,b\nd 9 #a vol4 ,clo? extra1 gilt tops4 #a4ej ,hi/oric ,d\bts conc]n+ ,napoleon4 #abmo4 ,pap] cov]s4 #be c5ts2 clo?1 #dj c5ts4 ,ab\t ! ye> #ahba ,:ately publi%$ ?is ,essay anonym\sly4 ,x 0 design$ z an answ] to ,hume's objections to ! cr$ibility ( ! ,*ri/ian miracles4 ,foll[+ ,hume's me?od1 ,:ately gravely argu$ ! improbability ( ! exi/5ce ( ! fir/ ,napoleon1 & demon/rat$ t1 on ,hume's pr9ciples1 ! te/imony 9 relation !reto c\ld n be cr$it$4 ,! ,contemplations & ,lett]s ( ,h5ry ,dorney ( ,uley1 ,gl\ce/]%ire4 #abmo4 #a4jj ,! ,contemplations & ,lett]s ( ,h5ry ,dorney 7 held 9 high e/imation by ,madam ,phebe ,phillips4 ,! copy :i* %e us$1 came d[n to h] z an heirloom f h] pi\s ance/ors1 & 0 rank$1 on h] private table1 next to h] ,bible & hymn-book4 ,s highly did %e e/eem ! "w1 t %e copi$ out1 ) h] own h&1 a l>ge "p ( ! volume = ! use ( a fri5d4 ,x is n[ repr9t$ z a preci\s memorial ( "o ( ! honor$ f\nd]s ( ! ,!ological ,in/itution4 ,bible ,hi/ory ( ,pray]4 ,by ,c4 ,a4 ,,goodri*4 #abmo4 #a4be 8,! aim ( ?is little volume is to embody an acc\nt ( ! delightful & successful int]c\rse ( believ]s ) heav5 = "s f\r ?\s& ye>s4 ,! au?or has indulg$ a good deal 9 n>rative1 op5+ & expla9+ ! circum/ances :i* gave bir? to ! sev]al pray]s4 8,! au?or does n aim to write a treatise on pray]1 or to comm5t on all ! ref]5ces to pray] 9 *ronological ord]1 b to dwell on its nature & importance1 & make sugge/ions on ! mo/ important allusions to pray]1 z indicat$ all along = f\r ?\s& ye>s4 ,he expla9s ! circum/ances connect$ ) ! pray]s ( ^! holy m540--,religi\s ,union4 ,messianic ,prophecy & ! ,life ( ,*ri/4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4 ,s4 ,,k5n$y4 #abmo4 #a4be 8,! plan ( ! au?or is to collect all ! prophecies ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ref]r+ to ! ,messiah1 ) appropriate comm5ts & reflections1 & !n to pursue ! subject ?r\gh ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ! life ( ,*ri/ z he appe>$ among m54 ,! read] w f9d ! results ( ,h5g/5b]g & ,ne&] "h ga!r$ up1 & pres5t$ 9 a readable %ape40--,! ,presbyt]ian4 8,?is "w exhibits ! prophetic elem5t 9 ! ,messianic argum5t 9 an analytical %ape1 & ) peculi> =ce40--,episcopal ,record]4 8,! g5]al idea ( ! book is a v happy "o1 & x has1 on ! :ole be5 well wr\ght out40--,! ,lu!ran4 ,!ologia ,g]manica4 ,:i* sette? =? _m fair ,l9eam5ts ( ,div9e ,tru?1 & sai? v l(ty & lovely ?+s t\*+ a ,p]fect ,life4 ,edit$ by ,,dr4 ,,pfeiff]1 f ! only complete ,manuscript yet kn[n4 ,translat$ f ! ,g]man by ,,susanna ,,w9kwor?4 ,) a ,preface by ! ,rev4 ,,*>les ,,k+sley1 ,rector ( ,ev]sley2 & a ,lett] to ! ,translator1 by ! ,,*evali] ,,buns51 ,d4,d41 ,d4,c4,l41 etc42 & an ,introduction by ,,pr(4 ,,calv9 ,e4 ,,/[e1 ,d4,d4 #afmo4 ,clo?1 #a4be2 calf1 #b4ej ,?is treatise 0 discov]$ by ,lu!r1 :o fir/ br\ght x into notice by an edition :i* he publi%$ 9 #aeaf1 ( :i* he says3 8,& ,i w say1 ?\gh x be boa/+ ( myself1 & #8,i speak z a fool1' t1 next to ! ,bible & ,/4 ,augu/9e1 no book ha? ev] come into my h&s :5ce ,i h le>nt1 or w\ld wi% to le>n1 m ( :at ,god & ,*ri/1 & man1 & all ?+s1 are40 8,a preci\s lump ( pure gold 9 a flag ( e>? & /one40 8,?is little volume :i* is br\ght out 9 antique /yle1 is1 ap>t f its intr9sic value1 a curiosity ( lit]ature4 ,x may be reg>d$ z ! h>b+] ( ! ,prote/ant ,re=mation4 ,no few] ?an sev5te5 editions ( ?is book appe>$ 9 8 lifetime1 & up to ! pres5t day x has cont9u$ to be a favorite manual ( devotion 9 ,g]many1 :]e x has pass$ ?r\gh c]ta9ly z _m z sixty editions40--,ev5+ ,travell]4 8,i value x exce$+ly1 s vivid & s ri* is x1 on ! great ideas ( s91 & salvation ?r\gh ,*ri/40--,congregational ,h]ald4 8,a mo/ valuable1 int]e/+1 & in/ructive volume1 ^u ! mo/ vital po9ts ( ,*ri/ianity40--,lu!ran ,/&>d4 ,haley4 ,an ,exam9ation ( ! ,alleg$ ,discrepancies ( ! ,bible4 ,by ,john ,w4 ,haley1 ,m4,a4 ,) an ,introduction by ,alvah ,hovey1 ,d4,d41 ,pr(essor 9 ! ,newton ,!ological ,in/itution4 ,cr[n #hvo4 pp4 xii & #dgc4 #a4ge ,f ,pr(essor ,edw>ds ,a4 ,p>k4--8,i d n "k any volume :i* gives to ! ,engli% read] su* a compress$ am\nt ( sugge/ion & in/ruction on ?is !me z is giv5 9 ?is volume40 ,f ! ,presbyt]ian ,qu>t]ly4--8,! book is hone/1 c&id1 & pa9/ak+4 ,x w be f\nd useful to all /ud5ts ( ! sacr$ volume40 8,an able book1 conta9+ a cle> & dispassionate discussion ( a mom5t\s subject4 ,x /&s unique 9 a field ( its own40--,indep5d5t4 8,z an example ( ?or\gh & pa9/ak+ s*ol>%ip1 z a s]viceable h&book = all ,bible /ud5ts1 & z a popul> def5ce ( reveal$ tru?1 x w take high rank1 & fill an important place :i* up to ?is "t has be5 conspicu\sly vacant40--,congregationali/4 8,x w\ld be difficult1 by any am\nt ( labor1 to produce any?+ m conv9c+ & satisfactory40--,! ,int]ior4 ,haley4 ,! ,h]eaft] ( ,s93 ,:at x w be2 ) ,answ]s to ,c]ta9 ,que/ions & ,objections4 ,by ,rev4 ,john ,w4 ,haley1 au?or ( 8,alleg$ ,discrepancies ( ! ,bible40 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,x pres5ts1 9 a calm & admirable mann]1 ! ,scriptural doctr9e ( future retribution1 dive/$1 inde$1 ( ! lit]alism ) :i* x is sometimes pres5t$1 & %[+ its accordance ) ! d$uctions ( a s\nd philosophy40--,zion's ,h]ald4 8,x is a s*ol>ly1 cle>1 dispassionate1 & conclusive argum5t 9 favor ( :at is kn[n z ! common or or?odox view ( future puni%m5t4 ,! :ole discussion is conduct$ 9 a _s ( c\rtesy & fairness t[>ds all oppon5ts :i* does cr$it to our curr5t controv]sial lit]ature40--,! ,int]ior4 ,wright4 ,! ,logic ( ,*ri/ian ,evid5ces4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,fr$]ick ,wright4 #afmo4 #a4ej 8,beg9n+ ) a g5]al /atem5t ( ! pr9ciples ( inductive & d$uctive logic1 :i* are illu/rat$ by ample examples drawn f ! :ole field ( mod]n sci5ce1 x advances to ! consid]ation ( ! p]sonality1 wisdom1 & b5evol5ce ( ! ,creator1 z se5 9 nature2 to ! place ( miracles 9 ! ,*ri/ian sy/em2 to ! specific evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity z disc]n$ 9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & 9 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & second c5turies2 & to ! hi/orical probability ( ,jesus & 8 imm$iate foll[]s hav+ be5 ei!r impo/ors or delud$ en?usia/s40--,lit]>y ,_w4 8,! book w\ld =m an admirable text-book = ,bible-classes or college classes1 & w give solid com=t & /r5g? to all read]s :o h any desire to be able to give a reason = believ+40--,rev4 ,dr4 ,?omas ,hill 9 ! ,biblio!ca ,sacra4 ,wright4 ,/udies 9 ,sci5ce & ,religion4 ,by ,pr(4 ,g4 ,fr$]ick ,wright1 au?or ( 8,! ,logic ( ,*ri/ian ,evid5ces40 #afmo4 #a4ej 8,! *apt] on inductive reason+1 ) :i* ! book op5s1 is z full1 explanatory1 & conv9c+ z any "o c\ld wi%1 despite ! fact x occupies only tw5ty-six pages4444 ,! gr& po9t cont5d$ = & c>ri$ is t #8,*ri/ianity1 9 its appeal to hi/orical evid5ce1 allies itself ) mod]n sci5ce r ?an ) ! glitt]+ g5]alities ( transc5d5talism1' & t 9 its beg9n+s sci5ce has no advantage ov] religion 9 solidity ( basis40--,! ,lead]4 8,! article on ,prehi/oric ,man1 n[ appe>s = ! fir/ "t4 ,x is illu/rat$ by a numb] ( maps & cuts :i* enhance ! int]e/ ( ! /ory4 ,! s\!rn limit ( ! ice ( ! ,glacial ,epo* 9 ,nor? ,am]ica is trac$1 & ! connection ( human implem5ts !re) is %[n40--,ob]l9 ,review4