,transcrib]'s ,notes ,italic text is enclos$ 9 und]scores1 :ile subscripts are prec$$1 b n foll[$ by an und]score4 ,o!r notes w be f\nd at ! end ( ?is e,book4 ,,! ,,_w ,,( ,,fly+ ,,sauc]s ,! ,_w ( ,fly+ ,sauc]s ,a ,,sci5tific ,,exam9ation ,,( ,a ,,major ,,my? ,,( ,,! ,,space ,,age ,donald ,h4 ,m5zel ,,& ,lyle ,g4 ,boyd ,,d\bl$ay ,,company1 ,,inc41 ,,g>d5 ,,city1 ,,new ,,york ,libr>y ( ,congress ,catalog ,c>d ,numb] #fc-abihi ,copyright #aifc by ,donald ,h4 ,m5zel & ,lyle ,g4 ,boyd ,all rights res]v$4 ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica ,to ,,fr$ ,l4 ,,:ipple1 ^: /udies h add$ mu* to our k ( meteors--:i* h furni%$ m ?an _! %>e ( ,u,f,os4 ,cont5ts ,,preface xiii ,i4 ,,! ,,sauc] ,,worlds #a ,,ufo ,reports & ! ,air ,=ce--,! ,sci5ti/'s ,view--,! ,"q ( 8,evid5ce0--,v>i\s ,types ( ,,ufo--,descriptions ( ,u,f,os--,a 8,ba$ek]'s ,guide0 to ,sauc]dom ,,ii4 ,,lo6 #ac ,arnold's ,n9e ,disks--,! ,great ,%av] ,my/]y--,! ,maury ,isl& ,fragm5ts--,sci5ce ,fiction ,adopts ! ,sauc]s--,mirage or ,wave ,cl\ds8 ,,iii4 ,,air-,,borne ,,ufos3 ,,balloons ,,to ,,bubbles #ca ,! ,mantell ,trag$y--,a ,probable ,solution ( ! ,mantell ,case--,a ,radiosonde ov] ,virg9ia--,skyhook & ,pibal ,u,f,os--,! ,guantnamo 8,dogfight0--,! ,wallops ,isl& ,,ufo--,wea!r ,balloons & ,sauc]s--,pla/ic ,u,f,os & ! 8,/ack ( ,co9s0--,jets & ,contrails--,! ,killian ,case-- 444 ,& ,kites & ,soap ,bubbles ,,iv4 ,,! ,,spangl$ ,,heav',,ns3 ,,/>s ,,& ,,planets #fj ,a ,mirage ( ,sirius--,e>?'s ,di/ort+ ,atmosph]e--,! 8,:ipp+ ,girl0 ( ,sauc]dom--,! ,ryan ,case--,v5us z a ,morn+ ,/>--,v5us z an ,ev5+ ,/>--,! ,rotat+ ,lights ( ,japan--,u,f,os & ! ,opposition ( ,m>s--,! ,gorman 8,dogfight0--,only a ,balloon8--,jupit] ?r\gh a ,jet ,trail ,v4 ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,sky3 ,,meteors ,,& ,,fireballs #hh ,/ones f ,heav5--,meteor ,/reams & ,%[]s--,! ,gre5 ,fireballs--,meteors 9 ! ,records--,fallacies ab\t ,meteors--,facts ab\t ,meteors--,unusual ,fireballs--,great ,meteor ,processions--,! ,*iles-,:itt$ ,sight+--,o!r ,flam+ ,u,f,os ,,vi4 ,,liv+ ,,lights #aah ,! ,lum9\s ,owls ( ,norfolk--,?+s ,t ,gl[ 9 ! ,d>k--,sea ,gulls z ,u,f,os--,! ,lubbock ,lights--,! ,lubbock ,pictures--,o!r ,w+$ ,u,f,os--,! ,tremonton ,movies ,,vii4 ,,panic #acc ,gr[? ( a ,panic--,! ,sc\tma/]'s ,,ufo--,mon/] 9 ,we/ ,virg9ia--,! ,panel ( ,civilian ,sci5ti/s ,,viii4 ,,phantoms ,,on ,,rad> #ade ,rad> z a ,report]--,! ,pr9ciple ( ,rad>--,wea!r & ,rad> ,e*oes--,! ,k9ross ,case--,! 8,invasion0 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4--,rad> ,exp]im5ts 9 ,wa%+ton--8,simultane\s0 ,rad>-,visual ,reports--8,gho/s0 & 8,angels0 on ,rad>--,! ,rapid ,city ,sight+ ,,ix4 ,e-,m ,,& ,g-,,fields ,,9 ,,ufo-,,l& #agb ,/ormy ,wea!r 9 ,texas--,! ,ph5om5on ( ,ball ,lightn+--,e-,m & ,non-,e-,m ,sauc]s--,! ,saturnian ,visitors--,surveillance by ,fly+ ,eggs--,sauc]dom's ,miracul\s ,electromagnetic ,=ce--,effects & ,causes--8,g-,fields0 & ,,ufo ,propulsion--,! ,g-,field ,my?--,electricity1 ,magnetism1 & ,gravity ,x4 ,,contact6 #aih ,e>?l+s & ,extrat]re/rials--,! 8,contactees0--,adamski's ,travels--,photography & ! ,,ufo--,! ,isle ( ,lov]s ,hoax--,! ,tr9dade ,isl& ,sauc]--,! ,brazilian ,naval ,m9i/ry--,! ,ic>ai ,subm>9e ,hunt+ ,club--,! ,tr9dade ,photographs--,project ,ozma ,,xi4 ,,angel ,,hair1 ,,pancakes1 ,,etc4 #bai ,angel ,hair & ,spid]s--,o!r ,v>ieties ( ,angel ,hair--,! ,wiscons9 ,pancakes--,! ,moon ,bridge--8,pieces ( ,sauc]s0--,silv] ,ra9 9 ,brazil--,o!r ,my/]i\s ,fragm5ts ,,xii4 ,,special ,,effects #bch ,! ,role ( ,unusual ,co9cid5ce--,! ,problem ( ,unkn[n ,lights--,mi*igan's ,fly+ ,bird ,cage--,u,f,os f ,reflections--,sundogs 9 ,utah & ,france--,bright ,spots on ,films--,unfamili> ,lights on ,planes--,inv]sions 9 ,cali=nia--,! ,*esapeake ,bay ,case--,a ,possible ,explanation ( ! ,na%-,=t5b]ry ,disks--,o!r ,u,f,os 9 8,/ack0 ,=mation--,! ,tombaugh ,rectangles ,,xiii4 ,,inve/igators3 ,,air ,,=ce ,,& ,,civilian #bga ,(ficial ,/udy ( ,u,f,os--,civilian ,sauc] ,gr\ps--,,nicap--,! 8,conspiracy0 ,fantasy-,,ufo at ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio--8,! ,fitzg]ald ,report0--,! ,op5 ,m9d ,,app5dix #bia ,,index #bie ,ackn[l$gm5ts ,,plate ,i3 a1 ,! ,seattle ,times4 b1 ,a ,%ell ,photo ,,plate ,,ii3 a1 ,smi?sonian ,a/rophysical ,obs]vatory4 b1 ,wide ,_w ,photo ,,plate ,,iii3 a1 ,smi?sonian ,a/rophysical ,obs]vatory4 b1 ,gilb]to ,vazquez1 ,el ,imp>cial1 ,san ,juan1 ,pu]to ,rico ,,plate ,,iv3 a1 ,wide ,_w ,photo4 b1 ,wide ,_w ,photo4 c1 ,david ,atlas1 ,air ,=ce ,cambridge ,rese>* ,c5t]1 ,b$=d1 ,massa*usetts ,,plate ,v3 a1 ,b]nd ,t4 ,mat?ias & ,solomon ,j4 ,bu*sbaum1 ,bell ,telephone ,laboratories4 b1 ,dr4 ,john ,c4 ,j5s51 ,nebraska ,wesleyan ,univ]sity ,,plate ,,vi3 a1 ,unit$ ,press ,photo4 b1 ,unit$ ,press ,photo ,,plate ,,vii3 a1 ,c4 ,l4 ,johnson4 b1 ,mrs4 ,william ,felton ,b>rett ,,plate ,,viii3 a1 ,unit$ ,press ,photo4 b1 ,wide ,_w ,photo ,figure #ah4 ,c\rtesy ,true1 ,! ,man's ,magaz9e4 ,copyright #aieb1 ,fawcett ,publications1 ,inc4 ,draw+s by ,cu%+ & ,nevell ,,preface ,bo? z sci5ti/s & z devotees ( sci5ce fiction1 we h long be5 int]e/$ 9 space travel4 ,:5 reports ( unid5tifi$ fly+ objects began to increase 9 ! ye>s betwe5 #aidg & #aieb1 "o ( u 7,d4,h4,m47 collect$ & /udi$ ! limit$ in=mation available ab\t ! sight+s4 ,he soon conclud$ 7) a slight feel+ ( disappo9tm5t67 t ! fly+ sauc]s 7 n vehicles f o!r worlds b 7 only mundane objects & ev5ts ( v>i\s k9ds1 "s ( !m commonplace1 "s famili> *iefly to meteorologi/s1 physici/s1 & a/ronom]s4 ,at a conf]5ce ) ,air ,=ce (ficials 9 ,wa%+ton 9 ,april #aieb1 he pres5t$ 8 idea t planet>y mirages1 sundogs1 reflections1 & o!r a/ronomical1 atmosph]ic1 & optical ph5om5a probably acc\nt$ = a l>ge p]c5tage ( ! my/]i\s ,u,f,os4 ,?is sugge/ion met ) /rong skepticism f "s ( ! conf]ees :o at t "t 7 sympa!tic to ! int]planet>y hypo!sis & 71 ( c\rse1 bett] acqua9t$ ) milit>y ?an ) physical sci5ce4 ,o!r conf]ees1 h[ev]1 wi%$ to consid] & te/ ! !ories (f]$4 ,pro( obvi\sly requir$ a k ( all ! facts ( a giv5 sight+1 facts t (t5 7 n available to ! public4 ,! ,air ,=ce !re=e grant$ access to ! file ( ,,ufo cases4 ,at ! same "t1 s9ce _m ( ! cases 7 !n classifi$ z secret1 ! ,air ,=ce impos$ ! condition t security regulations mu/ be /rictly obs]v$4 ,d4,h4,m4 0 !n prep>+ a book to pres5t 8 explanations ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,acceptance ( ! ,air ,=ce (f]1 ) ! accompany+ re/riction1 w\ld h prev5t$ 8 publi%+ analyses bas$ on mat]ial 9 ! files4 ,x w\ld also h h9d]$ any future public discussion ( ! ,,ufo problem4 ,= ^! reasons he felt compell$ to decl9e ! opportunity4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aiei z we began plann+ ! pres5t book1 we aga9 reque/$ p]mission to /udy ! ,air ,=ce records ( ,,ufo sight+s4 ,?is "t ! (ficials g5]\sly op5$ _! files to u )\t re/riction4 ,?us we h be5 able to include detail$ /udies ( p>ticul> incid5ts1 to give ! explanations f\nd = mo/ ( !m by ,air ,=ce inve/igators1 to expla9 ! causes ( "s hi!rto unsolv$ cases1 & to sugge/ highly probable solutions = sev]al classic 8,unkn[ns40 ,to discuss ea* "o ( ! ?\s&s ( unid5tifi$ fly+ objects report$ dur+ ! la/ fifte5 ye>s is obvi\sly impossible4 ,we h !re=e *os5 to describe ! common types ( sight+ & to analyze "s ( ! repres5tative & mo/ int]e/+ cases 9 ea* category4 ,9 g5]al we h avoid$ us+ ! names ( ! p]sons involv$2 b :5 ! names are well kn[n to ! fly+-sauc] public & h previ\sly appe>$ 9 pr9t1 we h felt no obligation to disguise !m4 ,_m p]sons h contribut$ to ! mat]ial 9 ?is book4 ,memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce h g5]\sly help$ u to collect ! basic facts1 & h %[n amaz+ pati5ce 9 answ]+ hundr$s ( small que/ions ( detail4 ,9 p>ticul>1 we wi% to ?ank ,col4 ,philip ,g4 ,evans1 ,col4 ,edw>d ,h4 ,wynn1 ,lt4 ,col4 ,william ,t4 ,coleman1 ,lt4 ,col4 ,rob]t ,j4 ,fri5d1 ,lt4 ,col4 ,lawr5ce ,j4 ,tack]1 ,major ,c>l ,r4 ,h>t1 & ,sgt4 ,david ,moody4 ,o!rs :o h help$ u 9 v>i\s ways include ,dr4 ,isaac ,asimov1 ,mr4 ,c>leton ,a!rton1 ,miss ,c4 ,m4 ,botley1 ,mr4 ,wilfr$ ,j4 ,*amb]s1 ,mr4 ,alb]t ,m4 ,*op1 ,dr4 ,leon ,davidson1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,w4 ,dean1 ,mr4 ,john ,f4 ,gif=d1 ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,hall1 ,mr4 ,!odore ,hieatt1 ,pr(4 ,seym\r ,b4 ,hess1 ,pr(4 ,j4 ,all5 ,hynek1 ,dr4 ,luigi ,g4 ,jac*ia1 ,mr4 ,craig ,l4 ,johnson1 ,dr4 ,urn] ,liddell1 ,mr4 ,osc> ,ma91 ,pr(4 ,*>les ,a4 ,maney1 ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,e4 ,mc,crosky1 ,mr4 ,john ,w4 ,mc,lellan1 ,capt4 ,william ,b4 ,na%1 ,dr4 ,?ornton ,w4 ,page1 ,dr4 ,v]non ,g4 ,plank1 ! late ,dr4 ,h4 ,p4 ,rob]tson1 ,dr4 ,donald ,h4 ,robey1 ,dr4 ,c>l ,sagan1 ,dr4 ,clyde ,w4 ,tombaugh1 ,mr4 ,john ,walk91 ,pr(4 ,fr$ ,l4 ,:ipple1 & ,mr4 ,john ,g4 ,wolba*4 ,d4,h4,m4 ,l4,g4,b4 ,,! ,,_w ,,( ,,fly+ ,,sauc]s ,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,sauc] ,,worlds ,?\s&s ( reports ( 8fly+ sauc]s10 8unid5tifi$ fly+ objects10 or 8,u,f,os0 h appe>$ 9 pr9t dur+ ! la/ fifte5 ye>s4 ,al?\gh mo/ ( ! ?+s se5 h lat] be5 expla9$ z unusual b normal ph5om5a1 "s en?usia/s cont9ue to reg>d !m z my/]i\s1 & ?us help p]petuate ! my? t ! 8sauc]s0 are actually space%ips f o!r planets1 busily c>ry+ out a patrol ( ! e>?4 ,?is sauc] my? owes an unackn[l$g$ debt to ,*>les ,=t1 a tal5t$ report]1 writ]1 & self-appo9t$ gadfly ( sci5ce4 ,) a /rong curiosity ab\t ! _w ( nature b )\t tra9+ 9 ! discipl9es ( rese>*1 ,=t lik$ to *all5ge sci5ti/s 9 g5]al & a/ronom]s 9 p>ticul> ) tales ( 8impossible0 happ5+s cull$ f books ( folklore1 old j\rnals1 & newspap]s4 ,he mi/ru/$ or?odox k because1 he believ$1 x smugly damn$ to oblivion all reports ( m>vels t x c\ld n expla93 pyrog5ic p]sons2 ra9s ( fi%1 frogs1 & /ones2 acc\nts ( telepa?y1 teleportation1 ! vani%+ ( human be+s1 lum9\s objects 9 ! sky4 ,al?\gh he nev] claim$ t he believ$ ! /ories himself1 ,=t enjoy$ collect+ !m & be=e 8 dea? 9 #aicb _h complet$ f\r volumes ( ^! anecdotes4 ,sci5ce-fiction writ]s h f\nd an inexhau/ible m9e ( ideas 9 ,! ,book ( ! ,damn$1 ,new ,l&s1 ,lo61 & ,wild ,tal5ts1 :i* also provide ! *ief elem5ts ( ! sauc] my?3 8,unkn[n1 lum9\s ?+s1 or be+s1 h (t5 be5 se51 sometimes close to ?is e>?1 & sometimes high 9 ! sky4 ,x may be t "s ( !m 7 liv+ ?+s t occasionally come f some:]e else 9 our exi/5ce1 b t o!rs 7 lights on ! vessels ( explor]s1 or voyag]s1 f some:]e else40,i-#a ,^! extrat]re/rials may h be5 9 communication ) e>?m5 = _m ye>s1 ,=t sugge/$1 & !y may sometimes kidnap & c>ry away human be+s4 ,,ufo ,reports & ! ,air ,=ce ,mo/ fly+-sauc] reports h come f reliable citiz5s :o h se5 some?+ extraord9>y1 some?+ !y d n und]/&4 ,g5u9ely puzzl$1 !y (t5 report ! incid5t to ! ne>e/ ,air ,=ce base4 ,! evaluation ( su* cases is ! responsibility ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce4 ,s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! sauc] sc>e 9 #aidg1 ! *ief inve/igat+ ag5cy has be5 t at ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,dayton1 ,ohio1 & has borne a succession ( names--,project ,sign1 ,project ,grudge1 ,project ,blue ,book1 & ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,gr\p ( ! ,a]ospace ,te*nical ,intellig5ce ,c5t]1 usually kn[n z ,,atic4 ,until rec5tly ?is gr\p op]at$ "u ! jurisdiction ( ! ,assi/ant ,*ief ( ,/aff1 ,intellig5ce4 ,on ,july #a1 #aifa1 x 0 transf]r$ to ! jurisdiction ( ! ,air ,=ce ,sy/ems ,comm&4 ,to simplify discussion 9 ?is book1 h[ev]1 ! gr\p t inve/igates unid5tifi$ a]ial ph5om5a is g5]ally ref]r$ to z ,,atic4 ,9 milit>y p>lance ! phrase 8unid5tifi$ fly+ object10 abbreviat$ z ,,ufo1 is us$ to indicate any air-borne ph5om5on t fails to id5tify itself to1 or to be id5tifi$ by1 tra9$ witnesses on ! gr\nd or 9 ! air :o are us+ visual or rad> me?ods ( obs]vation4 ,creat$ 9 ! e>ly days ( ! sauc] era1 ! t]m ,,ufo is un=tunately mislead+ because x seems to imply t ! unkn[n is a solid mat]ial object4 ,_m ( !m are n4 ,! m dramatic phrase 8fly+ sauc]0 is simil>ly mislead+ because n all ! unkn[ns are %ap$ l a sauc]1 & n all ( !m are fly+4 ,s9ce no "o has be5 able to devise a m accurate brief t]m t w apply to all reports 9 ?is category1 bo? 8,,ufo0 & 8fly+ sauc]0 h rema9$ 9 common use4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators & sci5ti/s h be5 able to acc\nt = almo/ e report$ 8space%ip0 z ! result ( failure to id5tify "s natural ph5om5on4 ,"s 7 ! product ( delusion or delib]ate hoaxes4 ,a few rema9 te*nically 8,unkn[n0 because1 al?\gh ! probable explanation is obvi\s1 too few facts are available to p]mit a positive id5tification4 ,no su* report sugge/s ! possibility t int]planet>y craft are cruis+ 9 our skies4 ,! ,sci5ti/'s ,view ,if a space%ip f ano!r planet %\ld ev] visit ! e>?1 no "o w\ld be m eag] to ackn[l$ge x ?an our gov]nm5t (ficials & our sci5ti/s4 ,all gov]nm5ts w\ld feel _! responsibility to protect ! human race if necess>y1 & to e/abli% diplomatic relations ) ! ali5 race if possible4 ,! sci5ti/s w\ld want to /udy1 analyze1 & try to und]/& ! nature ( bo? ! %ip & its occupants4 ,_m p]sons1 s9c]ely believ+ t fly+ sauc]s d exi/1 b]ate ! inve/igator :o d5ies _! reality & *>act]ize him z /upid1 willfully obtuse1 or intellectually di%one/ because he does n accept ! sauc] reports at face value b weighs !m by ! same me?ods mo/ ( u use 9 weigh+ evid5ce 9 ev]yday life4 ,:5 told !re's a horse 9 ! ba?tub1 = example1 ! s5sible man realizes t ! alleg$ visitation1 :ile n impossible1 is extremely improbable4 ,!re=e he does n imm$iately beg9 speculat+ on ! color ( ! horse1 :]e x might h come f1 :at its purpose may be1 & :e!r x w wreck ! ba?room4 ,in/ead he adopts ! sci5tific me?od & fir/ goes to f9d out :e!r ! horse is really !re4 ,l ,=t1 "s fly+-sauc] believ]s are consci\sly or unconsci\sly antagoni/ic to ! sci5tific me?od & res5t its re/rictions z a *ild objects to discipl9e4 ,sugge/+ t a /rictly logical approa* deprives u ( valuable tru?s ab\t ! nature ( ! univ]se1 & bluntly ass]t+ t pres5t-day physici/s & a/ronom]s h clos$ _! m9ds to ! possibility ( new k1 ^! en?usia/s imply t we %\ld require less rigor\s pro( = ! reality ( sauc]s ?an = o!r types ( physical ph5om5a4 ,because s _m amateur inve/igators h misund]/ood1 misrepres5t$1 & condemn$ ! sci5ti/s' attitude1 ! au?ors ( ?is book 7ask+ ! indulg5ce ( _! colleagues7 w briefly outl9e ! pr9ciples a rese>*] ord9>ily applies to ! /udy ( any new problem--! nature ( radioactivity1 ! cause ( a disease1 or ! orig9 ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,! ,"q ( 8,evid5ce0 ,mo/ physici/s1 *emi/s1 biologi/s1 & a/ronom]s w agree t life 9 "s =m probably exi/s 9 o!r p>ts ( ! galaxy4 ,^! o!r life =ms1 if !y exi/1 may or may n h a k9d ( intellig5ce simil> to our own2 if !y h1 we might or might n be able to recognize x4 ,su* speculations1 :ile fasc9at+1 lie entirely 9 ! realm ( !ory4 ,!y are n facts & d n provide ! slighte/ support to ! (t5 /at$ coroll>y t intellig5t creatures d live on o!r planets & frequ5tly visit ! e>?4 ,9 approa*+ ! spacecraft hypo!sis1 ! sci5ti/ asks fir/3 ,:at facts are we try+ to acc\nt =8 ,& second3 ,does ! spacecraft !ory acc\nt = ^! facts bett] ?an ! normal explanations t are already available8 ,aft] /udy+ hundr$s ( ,,ufo reports1 h[ev]1 he concludes t mu* ( ! />tl+ 8pro(0 t sauc]s are spacecraft is m]ely inf]5ce4 ,( ! e/abli%$ facts1 none requires a new !ory to acc\nt = x2 & no evid5ce exi/s t ev5 fa9tly sugge/s1 to ! exp]t1 t int]planet>y visitors are involv$4 ,9 ! /udy ( ,,ufo ph5om5a ?is "q ( 8evid5ce0 is crucial4 ,! c>eful inve/igator tries always to di/+ui% %>ply betwe5 an obs]v$ fact1 :i* is evid5ce1 & an int]pretation ( t fact1 :i* is n evid5ce no matt] h[ reasonable x may seem4 ,z a simple analogy1 consid] ?is situation3 ,a man is sitt+ 9 8 liv+ room late at night2 ! re/ ( ! family h gone to b$4 ,sudd5ly he is />tl$ by a l\d noise some:]e up/airs4 ,try+ to acc\nt = ! noise1 he ?9ks ( v>i\s possible causes--a burgl>1 ! 8settl+0 ( ! h\se1 a m\se 9 ! wall1 someone dropp+ a %oe1 ! w9d rattl+ a door1 ! sonic boom f a di/ant plane4 ,if1 )\t hav+ fur!r in=mation1 he decides t any "o ( ^! is ! true cause1 he is accept+ a guess z ?\gh x 7 a fact4 ,! real cause ( ! noise may be "o ( ^! or x may be some?+ else t he hasn't ev5 ?\ght (4 ,amateur inve/igators ( ,u,f,os publi% _m reports :i* !y *>act]ize z absolute pro( t space%ips exi/4 ,! exp]t1 analyz+ ! same reports1 f9ds no pro( at all because ! actual facts & ! int]pretations ( ! witnesses are hopelessly confus$4 ,an e>ly ,,ufo case provides a typical example4 ,accord+ to ,air ,=ce records,i-#b1 on ! morn+ ( ,decemb] #f1 #aieb1 a ,b-#bi bomb] 0 ov] ! ,gulf ( ,mexico return+ f a tra9+ mission4 ,at #e3be ,a4,m4 ! /ud5t rad> op]ator1 us+ an uncalibrat$ set1 obs]v$ f\r bright blips 7rad> j>gon = bright spots on a rad>scope2 su* a spot indicates ! pres5ce ( an object reflect+ ! rad> pulses1 b does n reveal ! nature or %ape ( ! object74 ,! blips 7 app>5tly returns f objects ab\t tw5ty miles away1 9 no specific gr\p1 :i* rapidly mov$ (f ! scope4 ,simil> gr\ps ( fa/-mov+ blips appe>$ at int]vals dur+ a p]iod ( ab\t five m9utes1 & appe>$ also on two auxili>y rad>scopes4 ,aft] ! fir/ set 0 calibrat$1 ! blips reappe>$2 none 0 obs]v$ aft] #e3ce ,a4,m4 ,f ! rad> data e/imates ( size & di/ance 7 made2 calculations bas$ on ^! e/imates indicat$ a probable spe$ ( #ejjj to #ijjj miles an h\r4 ,dur+ ! t5-m9ute p]iod two visual obs]vations 7 made1 la/+ ab\t ?ree seconds1 :i* bore no obvi\s relation to ! rad> obs]vations3 at ! "r ( ! plane "o crewman saw a s+le blue-:ite /reak go+ f front to re> "u ! w+1 & ano!r crewman saw two fla%es ( blue-:ite light4 ,an explanation ( ! incid5t 0 n f\nd imm$iately1 & ,,atic at fir/ classifi$ x z an ,unkn[n4 ,"s sauc] en?usia/s int]pret$ ! facts to mean t sev]al gr\ps ( sauc]s _h be5 9 ! area1 ma*9es fly+ s fa/ t !y 7 visible only z blue-:ite /reaks1 ^: pres5ce 0 confirm$ by rad>4 ,^! conclusions 7 m]ely d$uctions f fact1 n obs]v$ facts4 ,! rad>scope is n a cam]a & does n1 at lea/ at pres5t1 picture ! %ape or physical /ructure ( ! ph5om5on x reports2 x %[s only spots ( light t *ange position & size4 ,simil>ly1 ! blue-:ite /reaks 7 m]e fla%es ( light )\t size or %ape4 ,9 a lat] /udy ( ! evid5ce1 ! ,air ,=ce exp]ts recogniz$ ?is incid5t z "o ( false t>gets on rad> 7see ,*apt] ,,viii74 ,! rad> phantoms may h be5 caus$ by beacon returns trigg]$ by ano!r rad>2 by v>iations 9 ! atmosph]e2 or1 if 8duct+0 conditions exi/$1 by reflections f objects t 7 f> beyond ! normal range ( ! rad> set4 ,! blue-:ite fla%es _h no relation to ! rad> returns & 7 probably meteors2 ! date correspond$ ) ! beg9n+ ( ! annual ,gem9id %[] 7see ,*apt] ,v74 ,?is ,gulf ( ,mexico incid5t is nei!r complicat$ nor puzzl+4 ,we m5tion x *iefly to illu/rate :y ! sauc] en?usia/s s (t5 disagree ) ! conclusions rea*$ by ! ,air ,=ce exp]ts4 ,! amateur assumes t ! in/rum5t op]at$ faultlessly & detect$ a solid object2 he uses ^! assumptions to int]pret ! data1 uses ! int]pretation z fact1 & by ?is 8boot/rap0 process deludes himself into ?9k+ he has prov$ :at he assum$ 9 ! fir/ place4 ,v>i\s ,types ( ,,ufo ,a biologi/ try+ to id5tify a gr\p ( unusual animals :i* are said to repres5t a new species beg9s by collect+ all possible in=mation ab\t _! appe>ance & behavior4 ,aft] he has det]m9$ _! typical size1 %ape1 color1 mode ( reproduction1 mann] ( locomotion1 etc41 he comp>es ^! *>act]i/ics ) ^? ( animals ( kn[n species & ev5tually classifies ! /range specim5s4 ,9 a simil> way ! pr(essional inve/igator ( ,,ufo ph5om5a beg9s by ask+ ! "q3 ,:at is a typical unid5tifi$ fly+ object8 ,! publi%$ reports comprise a het]og5e\s collection ( facts1 fiction1 & guesses4 ,! inve/igator mu/ fir/ sep>ate & disc>d acc\nts t are obvi\s hoaxes or delusions4 ,!re are _m ( ^!4 ,! rema9+ mat]ial he divides into two classes4 ,! fir/ includes /atem5ts made by compet5t1 c>eful witnesses1 describ+ :at !y h se5 & he>d--= example1 8,i saw a brilliant light mov+ swiftly )\t s\nd40 ,! second class includes /atem5ts ( op9ion or belief ab\t ! ?+ se5--= example1 8,! /range light obvi\sly 0 controll$ by intellig5ce40 ,putt+ aside ?is second class ( mat]ial = ! "t be+1 he looks at ! in=mation 9 ! fir/ & imm$iately faces an awkw>d conclusion3 app>5tly no 8typical0 fly+ sauc] exi/s4 ,descriptions ( ,u,f,os ,no two reports describe exactly ! same k9d ( ,,ufo4 ,!re are doz5s ( types ( sauc]s1 resembl+ ea* o!r z little z turnips d comets4 ,hop+ to f9d "s consi/5t patt]n1 ! inve/igator op5s 8 notebook & />ts li/+ ! data4 ,%ape--,! fly+ sauc] v>ies greatly 9 %ape 7see ,figure #a74 ,at diff]5t times & places x may be a circul> disk l a sauc]1 (t5 ) a small protrusion 9 ! c5t] l ! knob on a tea-kettle lid2 elliptical or bean-%ap$ l a flatt5$ sph]e2 a circul> base support+ a dome-l sup]/ructure2 a sph]e surr\nd$ by a c5tral plat=m1 l ,saturn 9 its r+s2 long & ?9 l a cig>2 a tap]$ sph]e l a te>drop2 sp9dle-%ap$1 ) or )\t knobs on ! ends2 or a d\ble- or triple-deck$ =m l a /ack ( plates4 ,size--,! sauc] v>ies greatly 9 size4 ,e/imat$ diamet]s range f #bj or #cj feet to sev]al ?\s&4 ,:ile "u obs]vation x may in/antane\sly increase or decrease 9 size4 ,color--,! sauc] v>ies greatly 9 color4 ,x may be :ite1 black1 gray1 r$1 blue1 gre51 p9k1 yell[1 silv]2 may be lum9\s or dull2 may be a solid color2 may be circl$ by a c5tral b& ( diff]5t color2 may display fla%+ lights ( v>i\s colors4 ,x may *ange color or lum9osity :ile be+ obs]v$4 ,motion--,! sauc] displays a wide v>iety ( motions4 ,x may travel v sl[ly2 v fa/1 approa*+ ! spe$ ( light2 at jet spe$2 at meteoric spe$2 may hov] motionless ov] "o place4 ,at any spe$ x c in/antane\sly *ange velocity & direction ( motion--c move horizontally1 v]tically1 t[>d ! obs]v]1 away f ! obs]v]1 9 a /raight pa?1 a zigzag1 a spiral4 ,l ! ,*e%ire cat1 x c vani% in/antly or sl[ly fade away4 ,means ( propulsion--,unkn[n4 ,"s sauc]s move 9 complete sil5ce2 o!rs produce noises3 a hiss1 a :i/le1 a ro>1 a ?und]clap1 or a detonation l a sonic boom4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #a4 ,%apes ( v>i\s report$ ,u,f,os4 ,incid5ce--,sauc]s may appe> at any h\r ( ! day or night1 b !y appe> mo/ frequ5tly 9 ! h\rs be=e & aft] sunset1 & be=e & aft] sunrise4 ,_! numb]s may sudd5ly increase at c]ta9 places & c]ta9 times4 ,! objects c appe> s+ly1 9 r&om gr\ps1 9 gr\ps %[+ a geometrical patt]n4 ,a s+le object may split & multiply into a gr\p1 or a gr\p may m]ge into "o4 ,sauc]s almo/ always appe> 9 ! air1 r>ely on ! e>?'s surface or 9 bodies ( wat]4 ,!y almo/ nev] come )9 t\*+ di/ance ( ! obs]v]4 ,! l5g? ( _! /ay v>ies greatly1 f ab\t two seconds to two or ?ree h\rs4 ,/ructure--,unkn[n4 ,a sauc] may be visible or invisible to ! obs]v]2 visible to ! human eye b n to ! cam]a or rad>2 visible to ! cam]a or rad> b n to ! eye4 ,"s obey ! laws ( gravity & in]tia1 o!rs d n4 ,purpose--,unkn[n4 ,no (ficials 9 ! gov]nm5t1 ! press1 ! *ur*es1 or ! univ]sities h receiv$ any attempt at communication4 ,no sauc] has produc$ intelligible visible1 audible1 or radio signals4 ,long be=e f9i%+ ?is tabulation ! inve/igator realizes t he is n deal+ ) "o ?+ b ) _m4 ,no s+le ph5om5on c\ld possibly display su* inf9ite v>iety4 ,h[ev]1 be=e he />ts try+ to classify ! descriptions & to expla9 !m1 he takes a look at ! second class ( mat]ial--! conclusions (f]$ by sauc] en?usia/s4 ,leav+ ! realm ( obs]vation = t ( int]pretation1 he is sudd5ly catapult$ into a _w ( fantasy4 ,a 8,ba$ek]'s ,guide0 to ,sauc]dom ,"o ( ! commone/ !mes 9 sci5ce fiction is t ( p>allel univ]ses--a numb] ( ne>ly id5tical worlds coexi/+ 9 alt]nate space-"t cont9ua4 ,occasionally1 at a vuln]able spot1 ! b>ri] betwe5 two ( ^! worlds w dissolve s t !y ov]lap ne> ! po9t ( contact4 ,aft] su* an accid5t a man may f9d himself unhappily liv+ two lives at once1 id5tical 9 "s ways b s diff]5t 9 o!rs t if "o is real1 ! o!r _c be4 ,until ! break is repair$ & ! incompatible worlds are safely sep>at$ once m1 ! man exi/s 9 a /ate ( desp]ate confusion & p]=ms agoniz+ m5tal acrobatics1 try+ to ma9ta9 a foo?old 9 bo? worlds until he c decide :i* "o is valid4 ,f ! 8damn$0 ph5om5a collect$ by ,*>les ,=t1 plus ! leg5ds ( ,atlantis1 ,mu1 & ,lemuria1 fly+-sauc] addicts h con/ruct$ a multiplicity ( su* alt]nate worlds4 ,al?\gh !y diff] 9 m9or ways1 all are 9 direct conflict ) ! real _w kn[n to sci5ce4 ,let u ignore1 = ! mom5t1 ! descriptions giv5 by ! 8contactees0 7,*apt] ,x7 & consid] only ! beliefs &_/or !ories (f]$ by s]i\s propon5ts ( ! int]planet>y !ory & publiciz$ by writ]s su* z ,donald ,e4 ,keyhoe,i-#c1 ,i-#d1 ,i-#e ,aim ,mi*el,i-#f1 & ,morris ,k4 ,jessup,i-#g4 ,a 8,ba$ek]'s ,guide0 to sauc]dom bas$ solely on /atem5ts & speculations 9 ! books publi%$ by ^! inve/igators w\ld portray a fanta/ic univ]se3,a ,a ,foll[+ common practice 9 sci5tific discussion1 we orig9ally includ$ ! specific s\rces ( important &_/or controv]sial ideas describ$ 9 ?is book &1 = maximum accuracy1 (t5 us$ ! orig9al phras+ ( ! sev]al au?ors involv$4 ,9 ?is & c]ta9 o!r sections1 h[ev]1 we h be5 =c$ to ab&on ! m s*ol>ly me?od ( pres5tation because "o au?or 7,major ,donald ,e4 ,keyhoe7 refus$ p]mission to quote f 8 works4 8,9 sauc]dom1 ali5 spacecraft cont9ually visit ! e>? & h done s = c5turies4 ,con/ruct$ & controll$ by intellig5t extrat]re/rial be+s1 ! craft p]haps come f secret bases on artificial e>? satellites2 on ! moon2 on ,m>s2 on ,v5us2 on ,jupit]2 p]haps on ! planets suppos$ to be orbit+ ! b9>y />s #fa ,cygni & #gj ,ophiu*i2 or f planets suppos$ to be 9 orbit ar\nd ! />s ,tau ,ceti & ,epsilon ,eridani1 ab\t elev5 light-ye>s di/ant f e>?4 ,radio transmitt]s s]v+ z beacons = space navigation may exi/ on bo? ,v5us & ,jupit]4 8,^! spacecraft c p]=m maneuv]s t1 on e>?1 are possible only = rays ( light4 ,!y fly at spe$s ( _m ?\s&s ( miles an h\r1 c rev]se direction in/antane\sly at any spe$1 asc5d or desc5d v]tically1 & hov] motionless 9 ! air4 ,!y accompli% ^! feats p]haps by us+ ! p[] ( cosmic rays & by g5]at+ & manipulat+ artificial gravitational fields1 :i* !y c\ld also use to prev5t ! transmission ( s\nd waves & to become invisible4 8,! extrat]re/rial visitors may be explor]s s5t to /udy ! e>?1 desc5dants ( a race liv+ ?\s&s ( light-ye>s away f ! sol> sy/em4 ,!y may be ! ance/ors ( ! human race1 :i* itself is a remnant ( a colony e/abli%$ on e>? ?\s&s ( ye>s ago & !n ab&on$4 ,m ?an #cjj1jjj ye>s ago ! inhabitants ( e>? _h f\nd ! secret ( space travel1 & human be+s mapp$ ! e>? by an a]ial survey at lea/ #ejjj ye>s ago4 ,x is also possible t ^! craft come n f space b f "t2 !y may be e>?m5 ( ! future :o h travel$ backw>d ?r\gh "t to explore _! own pa/4 8,! purpose ( ^! visitors is /ill unkn[n4 ,!y %un close contact ) human be+s1 r>ely if ev] l& _! %ips1 & nev] all[ close-up photographs1 p]haps because !y are afraid ( human savag]y or are afraid ( />t+ a panic4 ,nev]!less !y attempt to signal to e>?m5 9 v>i\s ways3 !y h caus$ ! production ( gigantic lett]s ( ! alphabet ,u & ,z on e>? rad>scopes2 f a mat]ial t radiates light !y h built an enorm\s lett] ,w1 spann+ m ?an #ajjj miles on ! surface ( ,m>s2 !y h s5t out wireless signals 9 ,morse code to repres5t ! lett] ,s4 ,!y may occasionally abduct e>?m5 9 ord] to use !m z language tea*]s4 8,al?\gh ^! visitors are probably n ho/ile to human be+s1 !y (t5 manife/ _! pres5ce 9 de/ructive ways4 ,!y cause _m airplane cra%es2 seize & c>ry (f %ips1 human be+s1 & airplanes2 de/roy flocks ( birds2 int]f]e ) ! op]ation ( radio1 ,,tv1 gasol9e & electric motors2 pelt ! e>? ) rocks1 metal1 & /range organic sub/ances2 create l\d noises & detonations2 damage ! w9d%ields ( c>s2 set fire to highways2 hurl v>i\s types ( missiles2 drop *unks ( ice2 cause /orms2 & cause radioactive ra94 8,"o ( ! mo/ peculi> features ( sauc]dom is ! role play$ by gov]nm5t (ficials & sci5ti/s :o1 kn[+ ! space visitors are real1 yet d5y _! exi/5ce & unite 9 a gigantic conspiracy to deceive ! public40 99 99 99 99 99 ,^! exc]pts f a hypo!tical ,ba$ek] h summ>iz$ ! ideas publiciz$ by ! mo/ lit]ate & mo/ p]suasive advocates ( ! sauc] !ory4 ,! *apt]s t foll[ w exam9e c]ta9 fly+-sauc] cases4 ,z ! discussion cont9ues & is able to acc\nt = specific ,u,f,os 9 t]ms ( normal physical ph5om5a1 ^! an>*i/ic worlds ( sauc]dom w gradually dissolve & m]ge ) reality z we "k x--a _w t holds _m my/]ies b is /ill subject to ! laws ( nature4 ,i-#a ,=t1 ,*>les4 ,lo6 ,new ,york3 ,claude ,h4 ,k5dall1 #aica4 ,i-#b ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,i-#c ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,! ,fly+ ,sauc] ,conspiracy4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiee4 ,i-#d ---- ,fly+ ,sauc]s f ,out] ,space4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiec4 ,i-#e ---- ,fly+ ,sauc]s3 ,top ,secret4 ,new ,york3 ,g4 ,p4 ,putnam's ,sons1 #aifj4 ,i-#f ,mi*el1 ,a4 ,! ,tru? ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,crit]ion ,books1 ,inc41 #aief4 ,i-#g ,jessup1 ,m4 ,k4 ,! ,case = ! ,,ufo4 ,new ,york3 ,citadel ,press1 #aiee4 ,*apt] ,,ii ,,lo6 ,! ov]ture to ! ,fly+ ,sauc] op]a took place 9 ! summ] ( #aidg1 pres5t+ ! ma9 !mes t 7 to develop ) fanta/ic v>iations dur+ ! fifte5-ye>-long drama t foll[$3 my/]i\s app>itions 9 ! sky1 alleg$ int]planet>y visitors1 gov]nm5t inve/igators1 gr[+ public excitem5t1 civilians :o zeal\sly enc\rag$ ! hy/]ia1 &1 z a climax1 an elaborate hoax t produc$ mat]ial 8evid5ce0 to prove ! exi/5ce ( space%ips4 ,arnold's ,n9e ,disks ,! fir/ man to report a fly+ sauc] 0 a vet]an pilot nam$ ,k5ne? ,arnold1 repres5tative ( a fire-control equipm5t firm 9 ,boise1 ,idaho4 ,on ! aft]noon ( ,june #bd ,arnold 0 fly+ a private plane on 8 way f ,*ehalis to ,yakima1 ,wa%+ton4 ,above ! ,cascade ,m\nta9s at ab\t #ibjj feet1 he notic$ a s]ies ( bright fla%es 9 ! sky (f to 8 left4 ,look+ = ! cause1 he saw :at appe>$ to be a =mation ( peculi> aircraft approa*+ ,m\nt ,ra9i] at fanta/ic spe$4 ,!re 7 n9e v bright1 disk-%ap$ objects :i* he e/imat$ to be tw5ty to tw5ty-five miles away1 =ty-five to fifty feet long1 & travel+ at a spe$ ( almo/ #agjj miles an h\r4 ,talk+ ) a report] t ev5+1 ,arnold said t ! objects 8flew l a sauc] w\ld if y skipp$ x across ! wat]40 ,9 a lat] report to ,air ,=ce ,intellig5ce he /at$3 8,!y flew v close to ! m\nta9tops1 directly s\? to s\!a/ d[n ! hogback ( ! range1 fly+ l geese 9 a diagonal1 *a9like l9e1 z if !y 7 l9k$ toge!r4444 ,!y 7 flat l a piepan & s %9y !y reflect$ ! sun l a mirror40,,ii-#a ,newspap]s all ov] ! c\ntry pick$ up ! /ory & pr9t$ x "u headl9es describ+ fly+ pies1 fly+ piepans1 & fly+ sauc]s4 ,al]t to ! possibility t ! objects might h be5 a new type ( aircraft ( ,russian orig91 inve/igators f ,milit>y ,intellig5ce int]view$ ,arnold & (ficials f ,air ,te*nical ,intellig5ce reque/$ a report4 ,no "o d\bt$ ,arnold's ^w4 ,he 0 an exp]i5c$ pilot1 a respect$ citiz51 & a c>eful obs]v]4 ,nev]!less 8 description %[$ "s inconsi/5cies t made x difficult to decide :at ! n9e disks really 74 ,if !y _h actually be5 =ty-five or fifty feet long1 !y mu/ h be5 mu* clos] ?an he ?\ght2 objects t size w\ld n h be5 visible at a di/ance ( tw5ty to tw5ty-five miles4 ,h[ev]1 if ! e/imat$ di/ance 0 correct1 !n 9 ord] to be visible ! objects mu/ h be5 mu* l>g]1 at lea/ #baj feet long4 ,"o ( ! e/imates mu/ be wrong--b :i* "o8 ,until t "q 0 settl$1 ! comput$ spe$ 0 mean+less1 s9ce to e/imate ! velocity ( a mov+ object an obs]v] mu/ "k ei!r its true di/ance or its true size4 ,ev5 aft] a c>eful /udy1 ,air ,=ce inve/igators c\ld n id5tify ! disks2 !y might h be5 cl\ds1 a mirage1 or "s k9d ( aircraft1 b no def9ite answ] 0 possible f ! evid5ce available4 ,pr$ictably1 aft] s mu* publicity1 a ra% ( simil> sight+s broke out all ov] ! c\ntry & cont9u$ = ! re/ ( ! summ]4 ,dur+ ! hot mon?s ( ! 8silly season10 newspap]s are traditionally hospitable to tales ( b>ny>d freaks1 sea s]p5ts1 & man-bitt5 dogs4 ,su* /ories 7 n[ %ov$ aside z p 9 e /ate began to report unor?odox objects sail+ ?r\gh ! sky--fly+ disks1 fly+ dimes1 fly+ ice-cream cones1 fly+ %oe heels1 & fly+ hubcaps4 ,see+ sauc]s became a national pa/ime1 b ,arnold1 :o _h report$ ! /range objects 9 all good fai?1 res5t$ ! impli$ ridicule4 ,delug$ ) telephone calls & mail1 he resolv$ to keep sil5t 9 ! future ev5 if he %\ld happ5 to see a t5-/ory build+ fly+ ?r\gh ! air4 ,9 spite ( ! publicity1 ! fly+-sauc] sc>e w\ld probably h di$ ) ! fir/ fro/ ( autumn b = ! ef=ts ( a tal5t$ writ]1 editor1 & publi%] ( sci5ce fiction1 ,raymond ,a4 ,palm]4 ,among ! _m lett]s ,arnold receiv$ 0 "o f ,palm]1 !n editor ( ,amaz+ ,/ories4 ,tir$ ( be+ laugh$ at1 ,arnold f\nd ! tone ( 8s9c]e int]e/0 s appeal+ t he answ]$ ! lett],,ii-#b4 ,aft] a second lett] a week lat]1 he *ang$ 8 m9d ab\t keep+ sil5t & agre$ to sell 8 /ory = publication4 ,"u ! title1 8,i ,did ,see ! ,fly+ ,disks10 ! article appe>$ 9 ! fir/ issue ( a new magaz9e1 ,fate1 :i* publi%$ 8true /ories ( ! /range1 ! unusual1 ! unkn[n40,,ii-#c ,al?\gh ,arnold 0 n a pr(essional writ]1 he _h ! assi/ance ( an exp]t & produc$ a vivid1 cle>ly writt5 /ory--,palm] _h _h unusual exp]i5ce 9 help+ fl$gl+ au?ors tell _! tales4 ,int]e/+ diff]5ces betwe5 ,arnold's orig9al /atem5ts & ^? 9 ! magaz9e v]sion demon/rate h[ mu* he mu/ h ow$ to editorial help4 ,)\t x1 he might n h includ$ c]ta9 colorful details t he _h app>5tly ov]look$ e>li]4 ,9 8 orig9al reports1 = example1 he said t he _h at fir/ suppos$ ! disks to be "s type ( exp]im5tal aircraft2 9 ! magaz9e v]sion he add$ t1 ev5 at ! "t1 ! objects _h giv5 him 8an e]ie feel+40 ,9 ! int]v5+ mon?s he _h also rememb]$ m ab\t _! %ape 7see ,figure #b74 ,he no long] describ$ !m z sauc]like1 flat & %9y l piepans4 ,in/ead1 a draw+ bas$ on 8 revis$ acc\nt %[s an object l ! cresc5t moon ) a %>p protrusion on ! inn]1 concave side & a d>k1 mottl$ circle m>k+ ! c5t] ( ! top surface4 ,fur!rmore1 he told ! read]s ( ,fate1 "o object _h be5 d>k] ?an ! o!rs & ( a slightly diff]5t =m--a detail he _h =gott5 to m5tion to report]s1 to milit>y (ficials1 to 8 fri5ds1 or ev5 to 8 wife4 ,arnold _h nev] be5 mu* ( a read] & 0 n a sci5ce-fiction fan1 b 8 int]e/s 7 obvi\sly wid5+4 ,! next two issues ( ,fate c>ri$ o!r articles "u 8 "n4 ,palm]'s gr[+ influ5ce is sugge/$ by ! titles3 8,are ,space ,visitors ,"h80,,ii-#d & 8,phantom ,lights ( ,nevada40,,ii-#e ,illu/ration3 ,figure #b4 ,arnold's fly+ sauc]s4 ,left1 z fir/ describ$2 "r1 z lat] sket*$4 ,! ,great ,%av] ,my/]y ,ray ,palm] lays claim to be+ 8! fir/ fly+ sauc] inve/igator0,,ii-#f1 al?\gh he frankly admits 8 debt to ! writ+s ( ,*>les ,=t4 ,any full acc\nt ( ! sauc] era mu/ include ! names ( o!r en?usia/s su* z ,adamski1 ,be?urum1 ,scully1 ,cramp1 ,keyhoe1 ,jessup1 ,mi*el1 & ,wilk9s1 b none m]its s mu* cr$it = keep+ ! sauc]s fly+ z does ,palm]4 ,he n only op5$ ! pages ( 8 magaz9es to ! fir/ sauc] reports b also1 9 ! beg9n+1 paid ! witnesses = _! /ories4 ,9 #aidg ,palm] 0 ! editor ( ,amaz+ ,/ories & ,fanta/ic ,adv5tures1 two ( ! great magaz9es ( sci5ce fiction 9 :i* /ories ( space%ips & int]planet>y travel h long be5 commonplace4 ,= sev]al ye>s he _h be5 h9t+ to read]s ( ^! magaz9es t ali5 space%ips might actually be cruis+ 9 our skies1 b ,fate 0 ! fir/ magaz9e t s]i\sly promot$ ! idea4 ,no man 0 bett] qualifi$ to glimpse ! dramatic possibilities ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,born 9 ,wiscons9 9 #aiaj1 ,palm] _h begun read+ ,amaz+ ,/ories soon aft] x />t$ publication 9 #aibf4 ,turn+ to writ+1 he %[$ ! rem>kable p]si/5ce t has *>act]iz$ 8 life4 ,al?\gh he receiv$ #ajj rejections be=e he sold 8 second /ory1 he /ubbornly kept on until he n only a*iev$ success z an au?or b also1 9 #aich1 became manag+ editor ( ,amaz+ ,/ories = ! ,ziff-,davis ,publi%+ ,company4 ,"u ,palm]'s guidance1 8444 ! ent]ta9m5t side ( sci5ce fiction took ov]4444 ,gone 7 ! pond]\s /yles1 ! v]biage1 ! highly te*nical explanations ( :at matt]$ little 9 ! fir/ place4 ,! /ories took on pace & excitem5t1 ! *>act]s 9 !m 7 fac$ ) human problems1 ! dialogue 0 reali/ic44440,,ii-#g ,al]t to ! ta/es ( 8 read]s1 ,palm] c>ri$ ! magaz9e to new heights4 ,_m sci5ce-fiction fans 7includ+ ! pres5t au?ors7 /ill rememb] t gold5 age ar\nd #aidj :5 ,amaz+ came out e mon? ) #adf pages full ( />tl+1 fanta/ic1 wond]ful /ories ( h[ life might be on o!r worlds & 9 o!r galaxies4 ,9 ,janu>y #aidd began ! publi%+ drama t = a "t *ang$ ! direction ( ,amaz+ & h]ald$ ! adv5t ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,! 8,discussions0 dep>tm5t t mon? includ$ a lett] caption$ 8,an ,anci5t ,language80 :i* introduc$ :at came to be kn[n bo? z ! ,great ,%av] ,my/]y & ! ,great ,%av] ,hoax4 ,sign$ 8,s4 ,%av]10 ! lett] began3 8,sirs3 ,am s5d+ y ?is 9 hopes y w ins]t 9 an issue to keep x f dy+ ) me4 ,x w\ld ar\se a lot ( discussion40,,ii-#h ,x did inde$4 ,! lett] ann\nc$ ! discov]y t words & syllables ( ! anci5t ,atlantean language /ill exi/ 9 ,engli% today2 h5ce ! leg5ds ( ,atlantis mu/ be true & a 8wis] race ?an mod]n man0 mu/ once h exi/$ on ! e>?4 ,ri*>d ,%>pe ,%av] 0 !n liv+ 9 ,b>to1 ,p5nsylvania1 & op]at$ a weld+ ma*9e 9 a w> plant4 ,9 writ+ to ?ank ! editor = publi%+ 8 lett]1 he enclos$ a manuscript call$ 8,w>n+ to ,future ,man0 :i* purport$ to give 8 memories ( life 9 ! fabl$ cont95t ( ,lemuria4 ,! in=mation _h be5 pres]v$ 9 8?\ght records0 hidd5 9 secret caves4 ,by 8telaug10 a k9d ( audio-visual telepa?y1 he _h begun to rememb] 8 =gott5 pa/ :51 ?r\gh ! noise ( 8 weld+ ma*9e1 he he>d voices4 ,aft] visit+ ,%av] & prob+ 8 8memories10 ,palm] b\ght ! /ory4 ,he didn't l ! way x 0 writt51 h[ev]1 s he rewrote x1 add$ mat]ial t exp&$ x to ?ree times its orig9al l5g?,,ii-#i1 *ang$ ! title to 8,i ,rememb] ,lemuria10 & />t$ adv]tis+ x well 9 advance ( publication z a true /ory3 8,twelve ?\s& ye>s ago ! ,lemurians & ! ,atlanteans disappe>$ f ! ,e>?4 ,:]e & :y did !y g80,,ii-#aj ,?is /ory w\ld %[ t ,newton & ,e9/e9 7 all wrong1 ,palm] promis$1 & w\ld reveal new concepts ( gravity1 ! nature ( matt]1 & ! f\ndation = physical ma!matics4 ,?us began ! controv]sy t rock$ ! _w ( sci5ce fiction4 ,s9ce ,palm] has affirm$ t 8,fly+ sauc]s are a "p ( ! ,%av] ,my/]y--integrally s0,,ii-#aa1 we turn to ! old files ( ,amaz+ ,/ories to trace _! developm5t4 ,! fir/ ( ! ,%av] s]ies1 8,i ,rememb] ,lemuria0 appe>$ 9 ,m>* #aide;,,ii-#ab1 along ) 8,mantong1 ,! ,language ( ,lemuria10 an article sign$ by bo? ,%av] & ,palm]1 & o!r /ories foll[$ quickly 9 succe$+ issues ( ,amaz+4 ,! basic !mes 7 %opworn--a jumble ( ,=tean ideas1 ,plato's fables1 & my/ic sci5ce--b :5 bright5$ by ,palm]'s magic p5cil1 !y seem$ fre% & excit+3 ,! e>? _h an anci5t pa/1 n[ =gott54 ,! lo/ cont95ts ( ,atlantis1 ,lemuria1 & ,mu _h be5 coloniz$ _m ?\s&s ( ye>s ago by sup]ior be+s f ano!r planet :o c\ld travel ?r\gh space by utiliz+ =ces unkn[n to pres5t-day e>?m54 ,ev5tually ^! noble ali5s _h be5 =c$ to ab&on ! e>? to escape evil radiations com+ f our sun1 b !y _h left desc5dants :o /ill liv$ on e>? 9 concealm5t 9 great subt]ranean cities t c\ld be ent]$ ?r\gh c]ta9 caves4 ,! und]gr\nd dwell]s 9 ! hidd5 _w _h reta9$ all ! secret p[]s ( _! ance/ors4 ,!y c\ld communicate by ?\ght transf]5ce1 c\ld speak to e>?m5 by m5tal 8voices10 & c\ld travel on beams ( light because !y und]/ood ! true nature ( gravity & magnetism4 ,^! creatures 7 divid$ into two oppos+ gr\ps1 "o good & "o evil4 ,! d]o 7detrim5tal robots7 7 ! bad guys & !y caus$ all ! unexpla9$ accid5ts & mis=tunes t happ5 to human be+s4 ,! t]o 7integrative robots7 7 ! good guys2 !y w>n$ e>?m5 ( dang] & tri$ to protect !m f ! de/ructive =ces ( ! d]o4 ,read] response to ^! fantasies 0 ph5om5al4 ,fan mail zoom$ f #dj or #ej to #bejj lett]s a mon?,,ii-#ac1 & ! magaz9e's circulation increas$ by "s #ej1jjj4 ,z ! records ( 8racial memory0 cont9u$ to appe>1 connoisseurs ( good sci5ce fiction began to cry 8,hoax60 b _! prote/s _h no effect4 ,?\s&s ( new read]s 7 buy+ ! magaz9e & _m ( !m 7 beg9n+ to recall & report 8memories0 ( _! own4 ,s9ce ! 8,discussions0 columns c\ld n take c>e ( s _m lett]s1 ,palm] op5$ a new dep>tm5t1 8,report f ! ,=gott5 ,pa/0,,ii-#ad1 & urg$ ! read]s to s5d 9 _! p]sonal exp]i5ces ) ! hidd5 _w4 ,did !y ev] he> /range voices8 ,receive my/]i\s messages ?r\gh ! air8 ,suspect t !y 7 be+ affect$ by /range rays8 ,feel t !y _h be5 put on e>? = "s special mission8 ,h dreams t !y c\ld n expla98 ,h a /rong urge to explore caves8 ,h memories ( o!r lives8 ,! editor 0 eag] to le>n ( all su* incid5ts4 ,?r\gh ! ,%av] /ories1 ,palm] 0 already promot+ ! idea t int]planet>y craft d visit ! e>?3 8,!re are _m my/]ies ( ! pa/ t h intrigu$ inve/igators to an almo/ unbe>able po9t4444 ,:at 7 ! glories ( ,babylon8 ,:at tru? is !re 9 ! ,*9ese leg5d ( be+ ! p ( ! ,moon1 & ( com+ to ,e>? 9 rocket %ips8 ,:at 0 ! my/]y metal ( ! ,lemurians1 ori*alcum8 ,:at 0 ! secret ( _! air%ips t walk$ on beams ( light80,,ii-#ab ,:5 "o correspond5t in=m$ him t space travel 0 possible 8if "o travels ?r\gh curves b n ?r\gh angles10 ,palm] repli$1 8,y\r editor is s9c]e--& he'd l to "k ev]y?+ y "k4444 ,= in/ance1 please expla9 ?is space-travel bus9ess--ab\t curves & n angles40,,ii-#ae ,= m ?an ?ree ye>s ! columns ( ,amaz+ cont9u$ to ass]t1 n z fiction b z fact1 t int]planet>y travel is a pres5t reality & t ! laws ( physics are n valid4 ,9 a my/ic mumbo jumbo ! read]s 7 told t ! velocity ( light1 = example1 0 n ! ultimate spe$3 8,light spe$ is due to #8escape velocity' on ! sun1 :i* is n l>ge4 ,?is spe$ is a con/ant to our measurem5t because ! friction ( exd1 :i* fills all space1 holds d[n any increase unless !re is m impetus4 ,! escape velocity ( light f a va/] sun ?an ours is high]1 b once aga9 exd sl[s ! light spe$ d[n to its con/ant by friction1 s t :5 x rea*es ! vic9ity ( our sun1 no appreciable diff]5ce is to be not$4 ,a body c travel at _m times ! exd con/ant1 "u additional impetus1 su* z rocket explosions4 ,a %ip ^: weight is r$uc$ to a v little by rev]se gravity beam c atta9 a great spe$ ) a v small rocket40,,ii-#ab ,devotees ( reasonable sci5ce fiction 7:o include _m lead+ sci5ti/s7 7 writ+ angrily to ,palm]1 prote/+ t ! ,%av] hoax _h gone too f>1 b _! lett]s seem$ only to amuse him3 8,!re h be5 "s odd reactions1 "o ( !m be+ a promise by a fan gr\p to #8expose' our #8hoax' 7:i* 0 a complim5t1 by ! way1 because x 0 t]m$ ! #8bigge/ ev] attempt$ 9 mod]n sci5ce fiction hi/ory'74 ,we are wait+ = ?is expose1 sic ) int]e/--because we are curi\s to "k h[ a hoax :i* is n a hoax c be expos$ z a hoax4 ,we realize t a lot ( our read]s f9d x difficult to believe t we ourselves believe "o s+le ^w ( :at ,mr4 ,%av] tells u 9 8 /ories1 b we'll keep on pres5t+ ! evid5ce z x comes 91 & y c judge = y\rself40,,ii-#ad ,read]s cont9u$ to object & _m /opp$ buy+ ! magaz9e1 b ,palm] p]si/$ ) ambigu\s h9ts t space%ips 7 really "h4 ,a full ye> be=e ! fir/ fly+-sauc] report he wrote3 8,if y don't ?9k space %ips visit ! e>? regul>ly1 z 9 ?is /ory #8,cult ( ! ,wit* ,que5'1 !n ! files ( ,*>les ,=t & y\r editor's own files are some?+ y %\ld see4444 ,& if y ?9k responsible p>ties 9 _w gov]nm5ts are ignorant ( ! fact ( space %ips visit+ e>?1 y j don't ?9k ! way we d40,,ii-#af ,9 succe$+ mon?s he became m & m explicit4 ,9 ,septemb] #aidf he told "o correspond5t1 8,z = space %ips1 444 p]sonally we believe ^! %ips d visit ! e>?4 ,y1 or any obs]v]1 w\ld be incl9$ to call x some?+ else if y did see "o40,,ii-#ae ,9 ! spr+ ( #aidg he repli$ to a read] :o ask$ = concrete evid5ce t ,%av]'s /ories 7 true3 8444 ! my/]y is n j #8are !re caves ) d]o & t]o 9 !m8' b x has to d ) space %ips1 o!r inhabit$ worlds1 & s on40,,ii-#ag ,9 ,june #aidg1 ! mon? ! fir/ fly+ sauc]s 7 report$1 ! issue ( ,amaz+ ,/ories 0 an addict's dream,,ii-#ah4 ,! cov] featur$ 8,! ,%av] ,my/]y1 ! ,mo/ ,s5sational ,true ,/ory ,ev] ,told02 ! f\r /ories1 #ij1jjj words1 7 all "u ! byl9e ( ,ri*>d ,s4 ,%av]4 ,! entire magaz9e--editorial comm5ts1 discussion columns1 & mo/ ( ! feature articles--0 devot$ to ! sup]natural _w ( ,%av]4 ,b ! end 0 ne>4 ,amaz+ publi%$ its la/ ,%av] /ory1 8,gods ( ,v5us10 9 ! summ] ( #aidh2 z f> z ! magaz9e 0 conc]n$1 ! my/]y 0 dead4 ,:o or :at kill$ x8 ,"o v]sion says t ! publi%]1 ,william ,b4 ,ziff1 ord]$ ! s]ies /opp$ because s _m fans _h quit buy+ ! magaz9e4 ,palm] himself has giv5 v>i\s explanations4 ,he /opp$ ! /ories1 he said at fir/1 :5 he realiz$ t su* mat]ial did n really belong 9 a fiction magaz9e4 ,lat] he expla9$ t he kill$ ! my/]y because he int5d$ to g into publi%+ = himself & didn't want to leave 8 successor to h&le 8?is hot potato40,,ii-#ai ,lat] /ill1 he impli$ t publi%+ ! /ories 0 dang]\s2 t he _h le>n$ too mu* ab\t ! 8hidd5 _w10 ! s9i/] =ces responsible = ! plane cra% t foll[$ ! ,tacoma hoax4 ,said ,palm]1 8,i want$ no m dead m5 on my h&s40,,ii-#aa ,! ,maury ,isl& ,fragm5ts ,! ,maury ,isl& ,my/]y1 a complex & ev5tually tragic affair1 occurr$ ne> ,tacoma1 ,wa%+ton1 less ?an #ajj miles f ! place :]e ,arnold _h sight$ ! n9e disks4 ,9 ?is my/]y1 too1 ,palm] 0 involv$4 ,accord+ to _! /ory1 two h>bor patrolm5 nam$ ,h>old ,a4 ,dahl & ,fr$ ,l4 ,crisman on ,june #ca _h obs]v$ a gr\p ( six fly+ disks t hov]$ ov] _! boat ne> ,maury ,isl& & jamm$ _! radio :5 !y tri$ to notify ! au?orities4 ,"o ( ! disks _h seem$ to be disabl$1 _h %[]$ d[n lavalike metallic fragm5ts t damag$ ! boat & kill$ ! dog on bo>d2 ! disks _h !n disappe>$ b ! fragm5ts rema9$ z pro( ( ! visit4 ,! m5 also claim$ to h tak5 "s pictures t %[$ ! six objects b 7 fogg$ z ?\gh by radiation4 ,back on %ore1 !y _h n telephon$ ! newspap]s nor _h !y notifi$ any gov]nm5t (ficials4 ,in/ead1 !y _h mail$ a box ( ! fragm5ts to ,ray ,palm]1 to prove t !y _h actually se5 an accid5t to a fly+ sauc],,ii-#bj4 ,crisman 0 no /rang] to ,amaz+ ,/ories4 ,a sci5ce-fiction fan1 he app>5tly _h accept$ ! ,%av] /ories z lit]al tru?4 ,m ?an a ye> be=e ! ,maury ,isl& episode he _h writt5 to ,palm]1 w>n+ him t ! k conta9$ 9 ! ,%av] /ories 0 too dang]\s to pr9t4 ,id5tify+ himself z an ex-,air ,=ce pilot :o _h fl[n ! ,hump1 ,crisman expla9$ t :5 he 0 9 ,burma1 he _h be5 explor+ a cave :5 a d]o attack$ him ) a my/]i\s ray t made a hole ! size ( a dime 9 8 arm4 ,palm] _h kept up ! correspond5ce,,ii-#ba &1 "s mon?s lat]1 receiv$ a telephone call f ,crisman1 !n 9 ,texas3 = #bej1 said ,crisman1 he w\ld desc5d into a cave & take "s actual pictures ( ! my/]i\s und]gr\nd ma*9es t ,%av] _h describ$4 ,! result ( ?is (f] is n kn[n1 b 9 ,july #aidg ,palm] receiv$ ano!r lett] f ,crisman2 he _h witness$ an accid5t to a fly+ sauc] & 0 s5d+ a box ( ! fragm5ts z pro(,,ii-#bb4 ,palm] consid]$ buy+ ! /ory = ,fate1 b fir/ he ask$ ,arnold1 liv+ close to ! sc5e1 to inve/igate ! tale4 ,arnold agre$4 ,?us ! fir/ man to report fly+ sauc]s became also a victim ( ! fir/ fly+-sauc] hoax4 ,) an advance ( #bjj = exp5ses1 ,arnold flew to ,tacoma & into a nightm>e ( my/]y4 ,! two m5 7 elusive1 _! /ory full ( discrepancies1 _! mann] evasive4 ,wond]+ at fir/ :e!r ! affair 0 a hoax1 ,arnold f9ally attribut$ ! /range behavior ( ! m5 to _! fe> ( ho/ile sauc]s4 ,al>m$1 he call$ 9 ! help ( ,army ,intellig5ce4 ,two (fic]s arriv$ f ,hamilton ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,cali=nia1 & made a c>eful inve/igation4 ,!y f\nd t ,dahl & ,crisman 7 n 8h>bor patrolm50 b salvag]s ( float+ lumb]2 _! boat 0 sc>cely seawor?y & %[$ no evid5ce ( major repairs2 !y c\ldn't rememb] :at !y _h done ) ! pictures !y m5tion$2 & al?\gh ! sauc] accid5t 0 suppos$ to h occurr$ ne>ly six weeks e>li]1 !y _h nev] notifi$ ! au?orities or ev5 m5tion$ x to a report]4 ,! only evid5ce (f]$ = ! tru? ( _! tale 0 ! collection ( 8/range0 fragm5ts :i* 7 lat] f\nd to be slag f a local smelt] plant4 ,simil> fragm5ts c\ld be f\nd by ! ton on ,maury ,isl&,,ii-#bj4 ,! (fic]s conclud$ t !y _h wa/$ _! "t on a flagrant hoax1 b ! bewild]$ ,arnold insi/$ t !y take "s ( ! fragm5ts = analysis4 ,unhappily1 on ! way back to ! base ! plane cra%$ & al?\gh two pass5g]s p>a*ut$ to safety1 bo? (fic]s 7 kill$4 ,at once fanta/ic rumors sprang up3 t ! ,tacoma 8disks0 _h be5 space%ips1 & t ! be+s :o op]at$ ! craft _h be5 =c$ to arrange ! plane cra% s t no "o c\ld analyze ! fragm5ts ( _! disabl$ space%ip4 ,arnold himself seem$ to believe t ! cra% _h result$ f extraplanet>y sabotage1 b inve/igation %[$ a m ord9>y cause4 ,a burn$ exhau/ /ack _h set ! left w+ afire2 ! blaz+ w+ _h !n brok5 f ! fuselage & torn (f ! plane's tail4 ,= a "t gov]nm5t (ficials consid]$ plac+ a *>ge ( fraud aga9/ ! two m5 :o _h />t$ ! unhappy *a9 ( ev5ts4 ,aft] fur!r que/ion+1 bo? _h admitt$ t _! 8sight+0 _h be5 a hoax1 plann$ m]ely to make _! /ory m salable1 b :5 fir/ ,arnold & !n ,milit>y ,intellig5ce _h ent]$ ! picture1 ! hoax _h simply gott5 out ( h&4 ,s9ce ! m5 obvi\sly _h nev] int5d$ ! tragic outcome & 7 n directly responsible = x1 ! idea ( prosecution 0 ab&on$,,ii-#a4 ,sci5ce ,fiction ,adopts ! ,sauc]s ,no long] editor ( ,amaz+1 ,palm] cont9u$ to promote ! cause ( fly+ sauc]s 9 ! pages ( ,fate4 ,dur+ ! e>ly n9ete5-fifties1 ! boom ye>s ( sci5ce fiction1 he />t$ o!r magaz9es--,se>*1 ,my/ic ,univ]se1 ,o!r ,worlds ,sci5ce ,/ories4 ,aft] a "t1 ,fate began to conc5trate on tales ( ! my/ic & occult1 :ile ,o!r ,worlds ev5tually took ov] ! fly+-sauc] !me4 ,/>t+ z an or?odox magaz9e ( sci5ce fiction1 ,o!r ,worlds fl\ri%$ until ! g5]al slump 9 ! m>ket caus$ x to susp5d publication4 ,reviv$ aft] a "t1 x has und]gone sev]al *anges ( editorial policy reflect$ 9 its *ang+ names3 ,o!r ,worlds ,sci5ce ,/ories1 ,fly+ ,sauc]s f ,,o!r ,,worlds1 ,,fly+ ,,sauc]s f ,o!r ,worlds1 ,fly+ ,sauc]s ! ,magaz9e ( ,space ,conque/1 &1 s9ce ! spr+ ( #aifa :5 ! magaz9e became pocket-size1 j ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,classic sci5ce fiction long ago vani%$ f its pages & all articles are 8true0 acc\nts ( fly+ sauc]s & simil> ,=tean incid5ts4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s is probably unique 9 mod]n publi%+ hi/ory4 ,issu$ mon?ly or bimon?ly at a price ( ?irty-five c5ts1 ! magaz9e does n pay its au?ors because1 z ! editor expla9s1 8,fly+ ,sauc]s is n a comm]cial project40 ,publi%$ by ,palm] ,publications1 edit$ by ,palm]1 conta9+ lib]al am\nts ( editorial comm5t & at lea/ "o article by ,palm]1 a typical issue 9 #aifj;,,ii-#f conta9$ sixty-six pages & c>ri$ a small numb] ( adv]tisem5ts = telescopes1 b9ocul>s1 ,rosicrucian & simil> my/ic publications4 ,! rema9+ ads featur$ books & magaz9es issu$ by ,palm] ,publications1 ,amh]/1 ,wiscons92 books issu$ by ,amh]/ ,press1 also ( ,amh]/1 ,wiscons92 ,sauc]ian ,books1 publi%$ "u ! aegis ( ,gray ,b>k]1 a contribut+ editor to ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 8,au/rog510 describ$ z a face cream or clay = sk9 ailm5ts1 0 obta9able f ,palm] at a doll> an ounce4 ,ano!r ad recomm5d$ some?+ 7! word+ does n specify exactly :at1 p]haps a p[d]87 t helps make good *ili4 ,read]s c\ld buy ?is too1 f ,palm]1 = a doll> a p\nd or #c4ej = five p\nds4 ,a comb9ation d&ruff remov]1 it* prev5t]1 & re/or] ( hair color p]sonally recomm5d$ by ,palm] sold = #e4jj a bottle1 numb] ( ounces n specifi$4 ,! d&ruff remov] 0 also recomm5d$ by ,k5ne? ,arnold1 ^: fly+ disks _h />t$ ! sauc] epidemic4 ,arnold 0 adv]tis+ 8 8,_w ,society ( ,fly+ ,sauc]0 :i* w\ld 8hold no meet+s1 no m9utes1 no by-laws1 no re/rictions or regulations1 no records outside ( actual memb]%ip1 no presid5ts1 no vice-presid5ts1 no secret>y1 or bo>d ( directors40 ,= only #e4jj ^? :o jo9$ ! society w\ld receive twelve issues ( ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7:i* if ord]$ f ,palm] ,publications w\ld h co/ #d4jj71 plus an (ficial memb]%ip c>d4 ,arnold also (f]$ = sale a cresc5t-%ap$ lapel p9 9 solid silv]1 suppos$ly j l ! 8orig9al0 sauc]s he _h sight$ 9 #aidg2 &1 = ! ladies1 ! sauc]s 9 p5dant =m4 ,! addition ( sev5-po9t diamonds 0 optional4 ,! magaz9e has gr[n small]1 b its ma9 !me is /ill fly+ sauc]s1 :i* until rec5tly h be5 int]pret$ z int]planet>y vehicles4 ,9 ,decemb] #aiei1 h[ev]1,,ii-#bc ,palm] ann\nc$ 9 a lead article t fly+ sauc]s 7 n f out] space aft] all2 in/ead1 !y came f secret e>? bases locat$ "u ! nor? & ! s\? poles4 ,! e>? is actually %ap$ l a d\ghnut1 n l a pe>1 he says1 & has op5+s at bo? poles :]e ! sauc] p reside4 ,:e!r !y are mann$ by d]o or t]o he has n said4 ,9 ! autumn ( #aifb1 ,arnold ent]$ ! ar5a ( politics & 0 ! ,republican nom9ee = lieut5ant gov]nor ( ,idaho1 b lo/4 ,%av] became a dairy f>m]1 a ,wiscons9 neighbor ( ,palm]'s1 b 9 sci5ce-fiction circles 8 "n w nev] die4 ,rec5tly he has be5 adv]tis+ ! sale ( alleg$ pre-,deluge & pre-,ice-,age 8art /ones0 describ$ z r>e1 voluptu\s1 excit+1 & usable z ornam5ts = wall or mantel1 or simply z book ends4 ,palm] has n[ reviv$ ! ,%av] ,my/]y & is repr9t+ ! entire s]ies 9 book =m 8) ! fiction remov$10 "u ! g5]al title ( ,! ,hidd5 ,_w4 ,9 adv]tis+ ! new project he /at$1 8,?is magaz9e conc]ns fly+ sauc]s4 ,fly+ sauc]s are a "p ( ! ,%av] my/]y--integrally s40 ,he ab&on$ ! /ories 9 ,amaz+1 he says1 n because an outrag$ publi%] insi/$1 b because he believ$ ! /ories to be true4 8,t is ! true motive4 ,i 0 conv9c$ t n only 0 !re a #8hidd5 _w1' b x 0 "o ( imm5se ramification1 & ! caves ( ! d]o1 fly+ sauc]s1 milit>y espionage1 ! political sci5ce ( ! _w1 & ev5 "s phases ( religion1 specifically ^? ( ! #8cult' v>iety1 7 inextricably l9k$40 ,9 ann\nc+ t he int5d$ to end ! secrecy t _h exi/$ = s long1 & to tell ! tru? aft] sev5te5 ye>s ( 8sug>-coat+0 ! facts1 he did n expla9 exactly :y he feels x is safe to publi% ! 8tru?0 n[1 :5 x 0 n safe sev5te5 ye>s ago4 ,he says only1 8444 !re h be5 good reasons = ! delay--_h x be5 done f ! beg9n+1 ! pitfalls t w\ld h cru%$ x c\ld n h be5 avoid$40,,ii-#aa ,at ! t5? annual ,_w ,sci5ce ,fiction ,conv5tion1 held 9 ,*icago 9 ,septemb] #aieb1 fans & fell[ editors aw>d$ to ,palm] a bronze plaque honor+ him z a 8son ( sci5ce fiction10,,ii-#bd a citation he fully m]its4 ,z long z fly+ sauc]s cont9ue to make good copy & sell magaz9es1 ,palm] w probably keep !m so>+--:e!r _! home bases are o!r planets or pol> caves4 ,z "o ( 8 colleagues once comm5t$3 8444 9 ^! times ( drab & unconv9c+ falsehood1 !re is /ill some?+ to be ?ankful =4 ,a ,palm] promotion has ! t\* ( g5ius4 ,x has z+1 sp>kle1 & true %[man%ip4 ,x c be spott$ a mile away by ! bright lights4 ,! ?+ to d is sit back & enjoy x40,,ii-#ai ,mirage or ,wave ,cl\ds8 ,:at did ,k5ne? ,arnold actually see1 t ,june aft]noon 9 #aidg8 ,no absolutely c]ta9 answ] is possible aft] s long a "t4 ,! disks 7 probably a mirage 7see ,figure #c7 9 :i* ! peaks ( ! m\nta9s seem$ to float above ! m\nta9 *a9,,ii-#be4 ,an alt]native b mu* less probable explanation is t he obs]v$ orographic cl\ds1 a type unique to m\nta9\s c\ntry1 :i* (t5 appe> to /& m or less motionless & c assume dramatic %apes4 8,gr9d/one0 cl\ds1 %ap$ l ?ick1 solid disks 7see ,plate ,ia71 are common ph5om5a 9 ! valleys j ea/ ( ! ,si]ra ,nevada 9 ,cali=nia & 9 ! m\nta9\s regions ( ,wa%+ton1 ,colorado1 & ,new ,mexico--areas :]e fly+-sauc] reports h t5d$ to conc5trate,,ii-#bf4 ,"o ( ! mo/ spectacul> types ( m\nta9 cl\d1 x closely resembles ! 8pile d'assiettes0 or 8/ack ( plates0 =mation 9 :i* ! cl\d assumes a flat1 r\nd %ape l a plate or a sauc]1 & two or m are pil$ toge!r 9 a neat /ack1 z 9 ,plate ,ib,,ii-#bg4 ,ano!r picture ( a 8/ack ( plates0 7:i* "s obs]v]s report$ z a hov]+ fly+ sauc]7 0 made on ,may #ca1 #aiec1 ne> ,j9dabyna1 ,sn[y ,m\nta9s1 ,new ,s\? ,wales1 & reproduc$ 9 ,wea!r 9 ,novemb] #aied ,plate #dg4 ,! cl\d =m$ ov] a tub-%ap$ depression 9 ! m\nta9s & rema9$ /ation>y = m ?an an h\r,,ii-#bh4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #c4 ,mirage ( m\nta9 peaks4 ,top1 normal view ( m\nta9 *a92 bottom1 mirage 9 :i* "s ( ! peaks seem to be deta*$ & above ! peaks1 l sauc]s4 ,su* cl\ds reflect ! undulations ( lee waves =m$ 9 ! atmosph]e :5 /able curr5ts ( air fl[ ov] ob/acles su* z hills or m\nta9s4 ,an up-&-d[n wave motion may be impress$ ^u ! air1 provid$ t temp]ature & w9d conditions are suitable4 ,z ! air describes its wavelike pa?1 x alt]nately w>ms & cools1 ! w>m+ tak+ place z x s9ks into ! wave tr\gh & ! cool+ z x asc5ds to ! wave cre/4 ,if ! air is v dry1 ! undulat+ curr5t w n be visible to ! eye1 al?\gh ! updrafts & d[ndrafts w readily be felt by aircraft t *ance to pass ?r\gh !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! air be=e ent]+ ! wave is moi/ en\gh1 ! cool+ 9 ! wave cre/ w cause wat] droplets to cond5se & a cl\d to appe>4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( an isolat$ peak ! cl\d may assume ! =m ( a cap cov]+ ! summit1 or x may be displac$ slightly d[nw9d & resemble a l5s or disk4 ,n infrequ5tly a s]ies ( l5ticul> cl\ds w appe>1 trail+ d[nw9d at regul> int]vals ( a few miles4 ,al?\gh ^! wave cl\ds are usually /ation>y1 !y sometimes move at great spe$1 especially :5 ! air temp]ature is *ang+ rapidly4 ,f a /udy ( a rem>kable photograph made 9 #aief1 ,r4 ,j4 ,re$ ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,wa%+ton has (f]$ ! sugge/ion t ! disks ,arnold saw 7 actually wave cl\ds 9 rapid motion4 ,on ! aft]noon ( ,decemb] #bi1 #aief1 a photograph] = ! ,seattle ,times 0 on top ( ,pigtail ,peak ne> ,:ite ,pass1 ,wa%+ton 7n f> f ! area :]e ,arnold's n9e disks _h appe>$71 tak+ ski pictures = ! rotogravure section ( ! ,sunday ,times4 ,! wea!r 0 beautiful4 ,d[n 9 ! pass temp]atures hov]$ ne> freez+1 b ! slopes 7 w>m$ by sunlight t filt]$ d[n ?r\gh ?9 cirrus cl\ds & rais$ ! temp]ature to a balmy fifty degrees4 ,j at sunset a /range object sudd5ly appe>$ (f t[>d ! nor!a/ horizon4 ,sev]al ski]s urg$ ! photograph] to take a picture ( ! 8fly+ sauc]10 b s9ce x 0 /ill f> away & indi/9ct1 he wait$4 ,! fir/ object1 n[ foll[$ by a second "o1 mov$ rapidly t[>d ,m\nt ,ra9i]1 began to %>p5 9 outl9e1 & bo? 7 soon s cle>ly visible t he 0 able to snap 8 unusual picture4 ,! photograph %[s two app>5tly solid1 disklike objects1 flatt5$1 brilliantly :ite b d>k at ! bottom1 app>5tly l9k$ toge!r by :ite /ream]s1 skimm+ t[>d ! m\nta9 peak 7,plate ,ia74 ,recogniz+ ! close resemblance betwe5 ! objects 9 ! photograph & ^? ,arnold describ$1 ,re$ made a full analysis ( ! wea!r conditions prevail+ at ! "t ! picture 0 tak54 ,f radiosonde data provid$ by ! ,seattle-,tacoma ,airport1 he obta9$ measurem5ts ( ! size ( ! cl\ds1 _! height above ! m\nta9s1 w9d directions1 & temp]ature & humidity at m\nta9 height & cl\d height4 ,obvi\sly ! patt]n ( wea!r conditions t prevail$ t day 0 suitable = ! =mation ( sauc]like cl\ds4 ,to te/ ! hypo!sis t ,arnold also _h se5 su* cl\ds1 he !n obta9$ records ( ! wea!r data = ,june #bd1 #aidg1 to det]m9e :e!r atmosph]ic conditions on ! two dates 7 basically simil>4 8,to be comp>able1 w9ds w\ld h to be bl[+ f ! nor? or nor?we/ 9 ,mr4 ,arnold's case s9ce ! objects 7 sight$ to ! s\? & s\!a/ ( ! peak4 ,! air w\ld h to be dry at l[] elevations & moi/ure w\ld h to be spread+ 9 at high] levels4 ,an inspection ( ! hi/orical maps reveals t1 inde$1 all ^! conditions 7 met40,,ii-#bi ,re$ concludes t1 al?\gh we c nev] "k = c]ta91 ! implication t ! ,times photograph] & ,k5ne? ,arnold view$ ess5tially ! same ph5om5on seems 8inescapable40 ,?is int]e/+ hypo!sis1 h[ev]1 requires ! pres5ce ( undulat+ air curr5ts & turbul5ce great en\gh to endang] a plane 9 flight4 ,s9ce ,arnold specifically m5tion$ ! smoo?1 calm fly+1 ! mirage explanation rema9s ! mo/ probable "o4 ,,ii-#a ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,ii-#b ,arnold1 ,k41 & ,palm]1 ,r4 ,a4 ,! ,com+ ( ! ,sauc]s4 ,amh]/1 ,wiscons93 privately pr9t$1 #aieb4 ,,ii-#c ,fate1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,no4 #a 7,spr+ #aidh74 ,,ii-#d ,fate1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,no4 #b 7,summ] #aidh74 ,,ii-#e ,fate1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,no4 #c 7,fall #aidh74 ,,ii-#f ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 ,! ,magaz9e ( ,space ,conque/ 7,june #aifj74 ,,ii-#g ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xxx1 ,no4 #d 7,april #aief74 ,,ii-#h ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xviii1 ,no4 #a 7,janu>y #aidd74 ,,ii-#i ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xix1 ,no4 #d 7,decemb] #aide74 ,,ii-#aj ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xviii1 ,no4 #e 7,decemb] #aidd74 ,,ii-#aa ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 ,! ,magaz9e ( ,space ,conque/ 7,novemb] #aifj74 ,,ii-#ab ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xix1 ,no4 #a 7,m>* #aide74 ,,ii-#ac ,palm]1 ,r4 ,a4 8,an ,op5 ,lett] to ,paul ,fairman10 ,o!r ,worlds ,sci5ce ,/ories 7,june #aieb71 pp4 #aea-ef4 ,,ii-#ad ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xix1 ,no4 #c 7,septemb] #aide74 ,,ii-#ae ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xx1 ,no4 #f 7,septemb] #aidf74 ,,ii-#af ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xx1 ,no4 #d 7,july #aidf74 ,,ii-#ag ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xxi1 ,no4 #b 7,febru>y #aidg74 ,,ii-#ah ,amaz+ ,/ories1 ,vol4 ,,xxi1 ,no4 #f 7,june #aidg74 ,,ii-#ai ,fairman1 ,p4 ,w4 8,p]sonalities 9 ,sci5ce ,fiction10 ,if 7,may #aieb71 pp4 #fc-fg4 ,,ii-#bj ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,new ,york3 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,ii-#ba ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 ,! ,magaz9e ( ,space ,conque/ 7,decemb] #aieh74 ,,ii-#bb ,fly+ ,sauc]s f ,o!r ,worlds 7,june #aieg74 ,,ii-#bc ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 ,! ,magaz9e ( ,space ,conque/ 7,decemb] #aiei74 ,,ii-#bd ,o!r ,worlds 7,july #aiec74 ,,ii-#be ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce4 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4,j43 ,d4 ,van ,no/r& ,co41 #aifj4 ,,ii-#bf ,ives1 ,r4 ,l4 8,areas ( ,occurr5ce ( #8,gr9d/one' ,cl\ds10 ,wea!rwise1 ,vol4 ,,xi 7#aieh71 p4 #bja4 ,,ii-#bg ,scor]1 ,r4 ,s4 8,lee ,waves 9 ! ,atmosph]e10 ,sci5tific ,am]ican1 ,vol4 ,,cciv 7#aifa71 p4 #abd4 ,,ii-#bh ,kraus1 ,e4 ,b4 8,fly+ ,sauc]80 ,wea!r 7,novemb] #aied74 ,,ii-#bi ,re$1 ,r4 ,j4 8,fly+ ,sauc]s ov] ,m\nt ,ra9i]10 ,wea!rwise1 ,vol4 ,,xi 7#aieh71 p4 #dc4 ,*apt] ,,iii ,,air-,,borne ,,ufos3 ,,balloons ,,to ,,bubbles ,9 ! ye> #aidh ! 8,skyhook0 balloons 7 an (ficial secret4 ,^! giant pla/ic bags1 %ap$ some?+ l a te>drop1 a hundr$ feet & m 9 diamet]1 7 "p ( a classifi$ rese>* project sponsor$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,navy1 & few except ! rese>*]s & te*nicians involv$ knew ( _! exi/5ce4 ,c>ry+ cases ( heavy in/rum5ts1 ! balloons 7 laun*$ f v>i\s ,air ,=ce bases to collect in=mation ab\t ! atmosph]e high above ! e>?1 ! w9ds 9 ! /ratosph]e1 & ! incid5ce ( cosmic rays4 ,so>+ upw>d1 !y travel$ 9 c\rses det]m9$ by ! w9ds & *ang$ 9 direction & spe$ z !y %ift$ f "o w9d /ream to ano!r4 ,ev5 at heights ( #fj1jjj feet ^! objects ) _! highly reflect+ surfaces c\ld be se5 f ! gr\nd 7see ,figure #d74 ,su* balloons 7 especially noticeable aga9/ d>k-blue skies1 :i* are mu* m common 9 ! we/]n ,unit$ ,/ates ?an 9 ! ea/]n areas4 ,!y c\ld rea* heights ( #ajj1jjj feet1 high] ?an our planes c\ld g4 ,once consid]$ z a means = collect+ in=mation = ,milit>y ,intellig5ce1 a task lat] assum$ by ! ,u-#b jets1 !y c\ld travel across ! entire cont95t & ev5 across ! oceans4 ,if ! pla/ic sk9 develop$ a leak1 ! result+ loss ( gas alt]$ bo? ! appe>ance & ! behavior ( ! balloon2 if ! leak became great en\gh ! balloon %rivel$ & ev5tually fell to ! e>?4 ,at high altitudes :]e ! cold 0 extreme1 ! sk9 might become brittle & ! balloon w\ld bur/ into fragm5ts to be disp]s$ by ! w9ds & vani%4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #d4 ,%apes ( v>i\s balloons4 ,a1 ,skyhook at laun*+2 ,b1 ,skyhook at high altitude2 ,c1 radiosonde or pibal2 ,d1 balloon clu/]2 ,e1 blimp or sausage-%ap$ balloon4 ,al?\gh ^! balloons 7 sometimes visible at di/ances ( fifty or sixty miles & 7 v conspicu\s1 (ficially !y did n exi/ until #aiej :5 ,dr4 ,urn] ,liddel ( ! ,(fice ( ,naval ,rese>* releas$ ! facts beh9d ! ,skyhook balloon program4 ,he po9t$ out !n t ! balloons _h giv5 rise to _m reports ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,if ! ,skyhook project _h be5 public k 9 #aidh & if in=mation ab\t _! laun*+ & movem5ts _h n be5 a matt] ( security1 a c\rage\s pilot might /ill be alive today & ! infant fly+-sauc] my? w\ld h di$ long ago4 ,!re c be little "q t ,capta9 ,mantell cra%$ 9 try+ to int]cept a ,skyhook balloon1 an object he _h nev] he>d (4 ,! ,mantell ,trag$y ,! basic facts ( ! ,mantell case1 ! second ( ! 8classic0,b ,,ufo sight+s1 are famili> to all :o h /udi$ fly+-sauc] ph5om5a,,iii-#a1 p4 #ea4 ,e>ly on ! aft]noon ( ,janu>y #g1 #aidh1 ! ,k5tucky ,/ate ,highway ,patrol receiv$ a l>ge numb] ( calls f ! t[ns ( ,maysville1 ,ow5sboro1 & ,irv+ton1 report+ a /range object mov+ we/ at high spe$4 ,al]t$ by ! police1 (ficials at ,godman ,air ,=ce ,base1 ne> ,ft4 ,knox1 began look+ = ! unkn[n craft4 ,!y soon locat$ ! object b c\ld n id5tify x4 ,wat*+ x ?r\gh b9ocul>s1 v>i\s obs]v]s describ$ its %ape z circul>1 l a te>drop1 or r\nd$ & tap]$ l a p>a*ute or an ice-cream cone4 ,at ab\t #b3cj ,p4,m4 7all times 9 ?is acc\nt are ,e4,s4,t471 z !y 7 discuss+ ! object1 a flight ( f\r ,p-#ea planes approa*$ ! base f ! s\?4 ,l$ by ,capta9 ,?omas ,mantell1 ! planes 7 be+ f]ri$ f ,m>ietta ,air ,base1 ,georgia1 to ,/&i=d ,field ne> ,l\isville4 ,! t[] op]ator at ,godman !reupon radio$ ,capta9 ,mantell = assi/ance3 ,b ,a 8classic0 9 ! lit]ature ( fly+ sauc]s is a p>ticul>ly dramatic ,,ufo incid5t ^: specific cause has n yet be5 f\nd or1 if f\nd1 _c be absolutely prov$ f ! evid5ce available4 ,lack+ a completely airtight explanation1 (ficial inve/igators classify ! case z ,unkn[n4 ,sauc] fans classify x z pro( t fly+ sauc]s exi/4 8,we h an object out s\? ( ,godman "h t we are unable to id5tify & we w\ld l to "k if y h gas en\gh & if s c\ld y take a look = u if y w40 ,! f]ry _h be5 plann$ z a l[-level flight & none ( ! planes _h be5 s]vic$ ) oxyg54 ,capta9 ,mantell1 a combat pilot 9 ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 nev]!less agre$ to help out3 8,rog]4 ,i h ! gas & ,i w take a look = y if y w give me ! correct head+ & any in=mation y h on locat+ ! object40 ,! talk betwe5 ,godman t[] & ,capta9 ,mantell 0 n record$ & transmission 0 sometimes g>bl$4 ,al?\gh _m p]sons he>d ! ex*ange ( rem>ks dur+ ! next critical m9utes & agre$ on ! g5]al cont5t1 no two rememb]$ exactly ! same words2 !re=e ! (ficial reports,,iii-#b repres5t only ! be/ possible recon/ruction ( ! conv]sation t took place4 ,"o plane1 %ort ( fuel1 cont9u$ on to ,l\isville4 ,! o!r ?ree circl$ & began to climb4 ,at ab\t #b3de ,mantell notifi$ ! t[] t he 0 at ab\t #ae1jjj feet3 8,i h an object 9 sight above & ahead ( me1 & x appe>s to be mov+ at ab\t half my spe$ or approximately #ahj miles an h\r40 ,"o ( 8 w+ m5 said3 8,:at ! hell are we look+ =80 ,:5 ,godman ask$ ,mantell to describe ! object1 he said3 8,x appe>s to be a metallic object1 or possibly a reflection ( sun f a metallic object1 & x is ( trem5d\s size4 ,i'm go+ to #bj1jjj feet40 ,! o!r two pilots1 :o _h se5 no?+ & 7 al>m$ at fly+ s high )\t oxyg51 level$ (f at #ae1jjj feet4 ,mantell 0 !n above #bb1jjj feet & /ill climb+4 ,9 %ip-to-%ip conv]sation he said t he w\ld g to #be1jjj feet = ab\t t5 m9utes1 !n come d[n4 ,:5 all fur!r attempts to call ,mantell w5t unansw]$1 ! o!r pilots discont9u$ ! se>* & w5t on to _! base2 al?\gh "o return$ aft] refuel+ & equipp+ himself ) a mask & oxyg51 he f\nd no?+ 9 ! area4 ,at ab\t #c3ae ,mantell radio$ t ! object 0 8directly ahead ( me & slightly above1 & is n[ mov+ at ab\t my spe$ or bett]4 ,i am try+ to close 9 = a bett] look40 ,he did n call aga94 ,less ?an an h\r lat] se>*]s f\nd ! cra%$ plane4 ,mantell 0 dead4 ,8 %att]$ wat* _h /opp$ at #c3ah4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( se>*1 gr\nd obs]v]s at ,godman ,field _h be5 able to wat* ! ,,ufo1 gradually dim9i%+ 9 size1 & ab\t #c3ej x disappe>$ f view4 ,)9 a few m9utes1 h[ev]1 obs]v]s f>!r s\? 9 ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee 7 report+ an unkn[n object 9 ! sky4 ,a hundr$ rumors sprang up imm$iately aft] ! trag$y3 t ! ,,ufo 0 a ,russian missile2 0 a weird ma*9e f out] space t _h delib]ately or accid5tally knock$ ! plane out ( ! air :5 x got too close2 t ,capta9 ,mantell's body 0 riddl$ ) bullets2 t ! plane _h completely dis9tegrat$ be=e /rik+ ! gr\nd2 t ! wreckage 0 radioactive4 ,inve/igators ru%$ 9 to f9d ! cause ( ! fatal cra% & br\ght confusion ) !m4 ,"s facts c\ld be quickly e/abli%$4 ,!re 7 no bullet w\nds4 ,! plane _h n burn$ on impact & 0 n radioactive4 ,! left w+ _h come (f :ile 9 ! air & l&$ #ajj feet f ! ma9 cra% area4 ,p>ts ( ! plane 7 scatt]$ on a l9e nor? to s\? )9 six t5?s ( a mile ( ! c5tral wreckage4 ,! em]g5cy canopy lock 0 9 place & app>5tly no attempt _h be5 made to release x4 ,! ?rottle 0 set at "o f\r? op51 mixture control at 8,idle cut-(f10 & prop control at 8,full increase r4p4m40 ,f ?is evid5ce inve/igators conclud$ t because ( lack ( oxyg5 ,mantell _h lo/ consci\sness at ab\t #be1jjj feet1 :ile 8 plane cont9u$ to climb to ab\t #cj1jjj feet2 level+ (f1 x !n began a gradual turn to ! left because ( eng9e torque1 & w5t into a spiral+ dive t produc$ a spe$ & a /ructural /ress great] ?an ! plane c\ld /&--! plane 0 8r$-l9$0 7,air ,=ce j>gon = ! limit ( safety7 at #ebe mph4 ,pilots :o h fl[n ! ,p-#ea 9 combat conditions h agre$ ) ?is conclusion & h sugge/$ t1 z ! plane fell1 ,mantell may h rega9$ consci\sness1 realiz$ :at 0 happ5+1 pull$ ! ?rottle back & tri$ to pull back on ! control1 ?us produc+ a /ress s great t ! w+ 0 torn (f & ! plane !n fell v]tically4 ,z an imm$iate result ( ?is tragic accid5t1 ,air ,=ce (ficials recomm5d$ t all pilots be brief$ aga9 on ! use ( oxyg5 & ! effects ( lack ( oxyg54 ,new ord]s 7 issu$2 t no pilot g above #ab1jjj feet )\t oxyg5 "u any circum/ances2 t no aircraft be cle>$ = cross-c\ntry flight unless x _h be5 s]vic$ ) oxyg52 t classes 9 ! use ( oxyg5 />t imm$iately = all pilots & crew memb]s2 t all aircraft be equipp$ ) oxyg52 & t all pilots c>ry mask1 helmet1 goggles1 & gloves on all flights4 ,! cause ( ! cra% 0 kn[n4 ,b inve/igators _h /ill to solve ! problem3 :at 0 ! unkn[n object t ,mantell _h be5 *as+8 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #e4 ,,ufo sight+s 9 ! ,mantell case4 ,! brok5 l9e indicates ! pa? a balloon w\ld h foll[$4 ,an ,air ,=ce (ficial _h ann\nc$ to ! press t ! unkn[n _h be5 ! planet ,v5us4 ,?is explanation1 :ile n impossible1 0 n v probable4 ,! position ( ,v5us t aft]noon _h inde$ be5 v close to t ( ! unkn[n object4 ,b ) a /ell> magnitude ( -#c4d1 less ?an half its maximum brilliance1 9 ! daylight sky ! planet w\ld h be5 visible1 if at all1 only z an exce$+ly small1 bright po9t ( light4 ,fur!rmore ?is answ] did n fit ! patt]n ( sight+s4 ,! accompany+ map 7see ,figure #e7 ( ! ,ohio-,k5tucky-,t5nessee region illu/rates ! succession ( ev5ts3 #a3ae ,p4,m41 ,maysville1 ,k5tucky4 ,/range object sight$ mov+ we/4 #a3ce ,p4,m41 ,ow5sboro & ,irv+ton1 ,k5tucky4 ,circul> object sight$1 #bej to #cjj feet 9 diamet]1 mov+ we/4 ,%ortly be=e #a3de ,p4,m41 ,godman ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,k5tucky4 ,circul> or p>a*ute-%ap$ object sight$2 9 view = ab\t two h\rs1 sl[ly mov+ s\?4 #d3jj ,p4,m41 ,madisonville1 ,k5tucky4 ,/range object2 ?r\gh b9ocul>s id5tifi$ z a balloon4 #d3de ,p4,m41 ,na%ville1 ,t5nessee4 ,/range object sight$2 ?r\gh b9ocul>s id5tifi$ z a balloon4 #e3jj ,p4,m41 ,lockb\rne ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,columbus1 ,ohio4 ,r\nd gl[+ amb] object sight$ on s\?we/ horizon 9 horizontal flight2 9 view ab\t tw5ty m9utes1 !n disappe>$ bel[ ! horizon4 ,all b ! la/ obs]vation 9 ?is s]ies sugge/$ a balloon flight1 b a quick *eck ) ! wea!r /ations 9 ! area fail$ to turn up any record ( a r\t9e laun*+4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators knew ab\t ! ,skyhook project & c\ld h obta9$ in=mation on secret laun*+s1 ev5 ?\gh x 0 classifi$4 ,b1 s9ce _m ( ! inve/igators 9 ^! e>ly days ( ! sauc] era 7 m ?an half conv9c$ t ! unkn[n _h be5 an int]planet>y vehicle1 !y ab&on$ ! inquiry at ?is po9t & (ficially label$ ! case an ,unkn[n4 ,fly+-sauc] addicts p\nc$ on ?is conclusion z pro( t ! object _h actually be5 a space%ip1 t ! ,air ,=ce knew x to be a space%ip & 0 delib]ately conceal+ ! news f ! public4 ,a ,probable ,solution ( ! ,mantell ,case ,al?\gh ! case rema9$ unsolv$ = ne>ly f\r ye>s1 ! orig9al analysis ( ! evid5ce1 c>ri$ out by ,dr4 ,j4 ,all5 ,hynek1 sci5tific consultant = ! ,air ,=ce1 made c]ta9 facts cle> f ! beg9n+4 ,! f9al sight+s 9 ,ohio1 s inconsi/5t ) ! g5]al patt]n ( ! o!r obs]vations1 obvi\sly 7 n relat$ to ! reports f ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee4 ,! object se5 at ,columbus _h und\bt$ly be5 ! planet ,v5us1 gl[+ brilliantly on ! sunset horizon 7see ,*apt] ,,iv74 ,b ! object t travel$ s\?we/ ov] ,k5tucky & ,t5nessee _h almo/ c]ta9ly n be5 ,v5us4 ,at lea/ two objects--balloons or o!r aircraft--mu/ be involv$4 ,x 0 possible1 ?\gh n probable1 t ! unkn[n ov] ,godman ,field _h be5 ! planet ,v5us1 or x might h be5 /ill a ?ird object4 ,! s5ior au?or ( ?is book1 aft] /udy+ ! facts available at ! "t & analyz+ ! wea!r conditions prevail+ t w9t] aft]noon1 sugge/$ t ! object c\ld h be5 a 8mock sun0 creat$ by ice cry/als 9 ! cirrus cl\ds at high altitudes,,iii-#c1 p4 #bb4 ,! f9al solution ( ^! ,,ufo my/]ies (t5 dep5ds on "o key fact4 ,)\t x1 ! puzzle may nev] be solv$4 ,) x1 all ! pieces fall into place4 ,! 8mock sun0 !ory 7see p4 #bdd7 rema9$ ! mo/ probable explanation until1 "s "t aft] ! ,skyhook project _h be5 declassifi$1 ,,atic inve/igators discov]$ ! key fact3 ,at ! "t ( ! ,mantell cra%1 ! ,cl9ton ,c\nty ,air ,=ce ,base1 9 s\!rn ,ohio1 _h be5 a laun*+ site = ,skyhook balloons4 ,un=tunately records = ! day ( ,capta9 ,mantell's dea? 7 n available1 & ! m5 :o _h work$ on ! balloon project c\ld no long] rememb] :e!r !y _h laun*$ a ,skyhook on t p>ticul> day4 ,if an unackn[l$g$ balloon _h be5 9 ! area1 h[ev]1 only "o m piece 0 ne$$ to complete ! puzzle3 ,:at pa? w\ld ! balloon h foll[$8 ,! records at ,wright-,patt]son ,field %[ t ! w9ds t aft]noon w\ld h c>ri$ a balloon ov] exactly ! c\rse ! ,,ufo foll[$3 f s\!rn ,ohio we/ into ,k5tucky4 ,x w\ld h climb$ rapidly & at ab\t #ce1jjj feet w\ld h ent]$ ! s\?w>d-fl[+ jet /ream2 %ift+ direction1 ! balloon w\ld h travel$ s\? at a high rate ( spe$1 /ill climb+4 ,some:]e s\? or s\?we/ ( ,godman ,field x w\ld h climb$ ?r\gh ! jet /ream to ent] a region ( calm at ab\t #fj1jjj feet2 sl[+ d[n1 x w\ld h drift$ s\? or s\!a/ into ,t5nessee4 ,( its fate aft] t we c only guess,,iii-#d1 p4 #ai4 ,)\t ! ,skyhook records = ! day 9 "q1 ?is solution _c be call$ absolutely c]ta94 ,b ! *ances ( its be+ correct are ov]:elm+ly high--inf9itely high] ?an ! probability t ,mantell di$ :ile *as+ a space%ip f ano!r planet4 ,a ,radiosonde ov] ,virg9ia ,9 ! ye>s t foll[$1 ! patt]n ( sight+s 9 ! ,mantell case has (t5 reappe>$ b1 =tunately1 )\t ! same tragic outcome4 ,aft] ea* ,skyhook laun*+1 a flood ( ,,ufo sight+s came 9 to ,,atic f t[ns t lay "u ! pa? ( ! balloon4 ,! ,skyhook project sometimes 0 able to relocate a 8lo/0 balloon by foll[+ newspap] reports ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,by ! summ] ( #aieb ! exi/5ce ( giant balloons 0 no long] classifi$ in=mation4 ,:5 on ,june #ae an unid5tifi$ fly+ object appe>$ ov] sev]al t[ns 9 ,virg9ia & foll[$ a c\rse t closely resembl$ t ( ! ,mantell ,,ufo1 ,air ,=ce inve/igators recogniz$ ! patt]n & began look+ = a balloon z ! probable explanation4 ,! reports 7 z foll[s,,iii-#a1 p4 #aib3 #c3dj ,p4,m41 ,unionville1 ,virg9ia4 ,v %9y object sight$ at high altitude4 #d3bj ,p4,m41 ,gordonsville1 ,virg9ia4 ,r\nd1 %9y object sight$ 9 ! s\!a/4 #d3be ,p4,m41 airl9] ne> ,ri*mond1 ,virg9ia4 ,a silv] sph]e sight$ at elev5 o'clock high4 #d3dc ,p4,m41 s\? ( ,gordonsville1 ,virg9ia4 ,jet pilot sight$ & tri$ to int]cept a r\nd1 %9y sph]e4 #e3dc ,p4,m41 s\? ( ,gordonsville4 ,an ,air ,=ce jet pilot sight$ & tri$ to int]cept a %9y sph]e2 at #ce1jjj feet ! object 0 /ill above him4 #g3ce ,p4,m41 ,black/one1 ,virg9ia4 ,a r\nd1 %9y object ) a gold5 gl[ sight$1 mov+ s\?4 #g3ei ,p4,m41 radio /ation at ,black/one4 ,%9y object sight$4 #h3jj ,p4,m41 ,black/one4 ,jets f ,langley ,air ,=ce ,base tri$ to int]cept object4 #h3je ,p4,m41 object disappe>$4 ,inve/igators fir/ ( all *eck$ ) (ficials at ,l[ry ,air ,=ce ,base1 :i* s]v$ z a plott+ c5t] = all ,skyhook balloons1 b !re 7 none 9 ! ,ea/ t day4 ,next !y *eck$ ! possibility t ! ,,ufo _h be5 a wea!r balloon1 b ne>by wea!r /ations repli$ t none ( _! balloons c\ld h be5 responsible = ! sight+s4 ,aft] call+ o!r /ations )9 a #aej-mile radius ( ,gordonsville ) negative results1 inve/igators call$ ! wea!r /ation at ,pittsburgh1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,a radiosonde 7a small balloon atta*$ to an in/rum5t = tak+ s\nd+s 9 ! upp] atmosph]e7 _h be5 releas$ t aft]noon1 b _h be5 lo/ ab\t sixty miles s\!a/ ( ! /ation :5 x app>5tly sprung a sl[ leak & level$ (f at #fj1jjj feet4 ,! wea!r man at ,pittsburgh (f]$ to plot its probable c\rse z det]m9$ by ! prevail+ w9ds1 & soon telephon$ ,dayton to report t ! ,,ufo 0 probably _! balloon4 ,s\!a/ ( ,pittsburgh above #ej1jjj feet !re 0 a /rong curr5t ( air t f$ into a /rong] s\!rly /ream fl[+ p>allel to ! ,atlantic coa/1 j ea/ ( ! ,appala*ian ,m\nta9s4 ,! balloon w\ld h float$ along 9 ?is curr5t l a log float+ d[n a riv]1 & %\ld h arriv$ 9 ! neighborhood ( ,gordonsville & ,black/one 9 ! late aft]noon or e>ly ev5+4 ,! ,,ufo _h be5 sight$ ne> ,gordonsville betwe5 #d3dc & #e3dc ,p4,m41 & ne> ,black/one betwe5 #g3ce & #h3jj ,p4,m4 ,! unkn[n 0 ?us cle>ly id5tifi$ z ! lo/ radiosonde4 ,skyhook & ,pibal ,u,f,os ,! ye> #aieb 0 a big ye> = exp]im5tal balloons--& = ,,ufo sight+s4 ,wea!r balloons 9 clu/]s1 #ajj-;foot ,skyhooks1 radiosondes1 pibals 7pilot balloons s5t up to %[ ! direction & spe$ ( ! w9d7 7 releas$ on s*$ule all ov] ! cont95t4 ,laun*+s 7 record$ & ! balloons 7 track$1 z f> z possible1 s t = any giv5 day or area ,,atic c\ld consult a map & try to correlate ! position ( a kn[n balloon ) t ( a report$ fly+ sauc]4 ,:5 a balloon 0 lo/1 any ,,ufo sight+s x caus$ 7 n always easy to acc\nt = until--& unless--! balloon c\ld be f\nd aga94 ,^! sph]es ( gas v>y 9 size f a few in*es 9 diamet] to "s two hundr$ feet4 ,(t5 !y look & behave v unlike ! popul> concept ( a 8normal0 balloon1 & "u ! "r conditions !y c fool ev5 ! mo/ w>y obs]v]--p>ticul>ly if he is m or less expect+ to see some?+ /range4 ,a man on ! gr\nd or ev5 9 a plane1 wat*+ ! maneuv]s ( an object "s #bj1jjj to #ajj1jjj feet above him1 f9ds x impossible to make an accurate e/imate ( its true height1 diamet]1 di/ance1 or spe$4 ,/rong w9dcurr5ts c *ange ! ori5tation ( ! sph]e1 & ! p>ticul> angle ( vision ( ! obs]v] c make ! object look :olly unlike a balloon4 ,x may assume ! %ape ( a disk1 a l5s1 a te>drop1 a p>a*ute1 a sausage4 ,temp]ature inv]sions c produce a d\ble image ( a balloon s t x looks l a l9k$ pair4 ,balloons releas$ 9 pairs or clu/]s may seem to be travel+ 9 =mation "u intellig5t control4 ,sunlight1 moonlight1 or ! lights ( a city reflect$ f ! surface may cause !m to look :ite1 gray1 amb]1 r$1 silv]y1 or metallic4 ,s9ce balloons (t5 c>ry a heavy in/rum5t load1 !y may give a rad> return t indicates a solid object4 ,:5 balloons develop a leak1 !y may drop "s di/ance at high spe$ & !n level (f1 z ?\gh "u intellig5t control4 ,at ! extreme cold ( high altitudes !y may bur/ & sudd5ly vani%4 ,high 9 ! sky at morn+ & ev5+ twilight !y may appe> to be self-lum9\s1 tak+ _! light f ! invisible sun j z our artificial satellites d4 ,!y (t5 travel high above ! air lanes1 high] ?an any plane c g1 :]e v>y+ w9d /reams may propel !m at great velocities1 sl[ !m until !y seem to hov] & be almo/ /ation>y1 abruptly *ange ! direction ( _! motion s t !y rev]se c\rse1 dive t[>d ! e>?1 or asc5d rapidly into ! sky4 ,at night all ^! illusions are magnifi$ because ! obs]v] has few] visible ref]5ce po9ts by :i* to evaluate ! true %ape1 di/ance1 & type ( motion ( ^! w&]+ sph]es4 ,!y c deceive ev5 ! mo/ h>dhead$ & able pilot4 ,! pilot is only human :5 he d\bts t any balloon c fool him--until x does4 ,! ,guantnamo 8,dogfight0 ,an ,am]ican ,navy pilot1 practic+ night fly+ ov] ! ,guantnamo ,city base 9 ,cuba on ! night ( ,septemb] #bd1 #aieb1 engag$ 9 a 8dogfight0 ) a balloon t exhibit$ all ! *>act]i/ics associat$ ) ?is type ( fly+ sauc]4 ,x seem$ to take evasive action1 delib]ately elude ! pilot1 make head-on passes1 & respond to e move ( ! plane ) a c\nt]move4 ,! pilot 0 at #djjj feet & sl[ly climb+ :5 he spott$ an orange light approa*+ ! city f ! ea/ at #aj1jjj to #ae1jjj feet4 ,realiz+ t ! object 0 n a ,navy plane1 he tri$ to int]cept x1 b ! light _h />t$ a left turn & he c\ld get no clos] ?an eight to t5 miles4 ,! object appe>$ to be z l>ge z a ,navy bomb] & _h a gre5i% tail five or six times ! diamet] ( ! light1 visible only int]mitt5tly4 ,:5 he rea*$ #aj1jjj feet1 ! light 0 /ill circl+ left & climb+ 9 a t5- to fifte5-mile orbit4 ,to keep ! nose ( ! relatively sl[ ,,tbm on ! light requir$ ab\t #dj degrees ( bank4 ,at #ab1jjj feet ! light 0 /ill climb+ fa/] ?an ! plane2 ! pilot !n /opp$ climb+ & rev]s$ f a left to a "r turn4 ,! light seem$ also to rev]se direction4 ,all attempts at int]ception seem$ to be met by purposeful evasive action1 & ! object seem$ to be guid$ by intellig5ce4 ,:5 ! pilot foll[$ ! light to ! nor?1 x %ift$ to we/1 !n s\?1 at ab\t #be1jjj feet4 ,sudd5ly x began to climb at an angle ( approximately #fj degrees & at a t]rific rate4 ,al?\gh x _h be5 a l>ge bright gl[1 x n[ appe>$ z a v small r$ po9t :i* w\ld h bl5d$ ) ! />s _h x n be5 mov+4 ,x !n />t$ a rapid desc5t4 ,by ?is "t ! pilot 0 ov] ! base & head$ nor!a/ to int]cept ! light z x desc5d$4 ,he describ$ ! ensu+ 8dogfight0,,iii-#b3 8,! light appe>$ to level out rapidly1 & ,i miss$ x on ! fir/ run & />t$ a tight port turn4 ,z ,i head$ = a po9t t w\ld give me a #ij-;degree collision c\rse = ! light1 x appe>$ to accel]ate & cross$ my b[ at an incr$ible spe$4 ,i imm$iately w5t into a tight] turn & ! next int]cept 0 ! same except t ,i 0 almo/ on ! light1 z x fla%$ f />bo>d to port4 ,at ?is close range no?+ b ! light c\ld be se51 & x 0 a brilliant :ite1 approximately fifte5 feet 9 diamet]4 ,aft] ea* run1 ! light appe>$ to g out "o-qu>t] to "o-half mile1 & sl[+ 9 spe$1 cont9u+ 9 a port turn4 ,z ,i pull$ out ( ! ?ird run ! light appe>$ to />t ano!r rapid desc5t t[>ds ,caiman]a4 ,?is "t ,i w5t into a /eep dive to foll[1 :5 ! light appe>$ to %all[ its dive & head t[>ds ! control t[]4 ,my altitude 0 #fjjj to #hjjj feet1 desc5d+ at a spe$ ( bett] ?an #bjj knots4 ,! light 0 bel[ me & go+ at m ?an twice my spe$4 ,z ,i approa*$ ! nor? %ore ( ! ,bay1 at approximately #bjjj feet desc5d+1 ! light seem$ to ve] to port1 pass ov] ! army dr$ge1 /eady out on an ea/]ly head+1 level out ov] ! mangroves1 sl[ d[n rapidly ov] ! cove 444 hov] ov] ! wat] mom5t>ily1 & !n fade f sight40 ,aft] ! plane l&$1 h>bor police se>*$ ! area b f\nd no?+4 ,:5 ! pilot 0 in=m$ t he _h be5 fight+ a light$ wea!r balloon1 releas$ t night f ! ,naval ,air ,/ation at ,guantnamo ,bay1 he may v naturally h felt incr$ul\s4 ,in/ead ( argu+1 h[ev]1 he help$ c>ry out an exp]im5t4 ,on ! foll[+ night ! /ation releas$ ano!r light$ balloon1 at ab\t ! same "t1 & ! pilot took (f to try an int]cept4 ,aft] comp>+ ! exp]i5ce ) t ( ! night be=e1 he conclud$ t he _h inde$ f\ght a balloon3 8,_m ( ! illusions se5 on ! previ\s night c\ld be duplicat$ by maneuv]+ ! plane appropriately4 ,i track$ ! balloon to #ab1jjj feet & made runs on x f z f> away z t5 miles4 ,i c\ld always int]cept & pass x at any pr$et]m9$ position1 z aga9/ ! fact t ,i c\ld n get close to ! o!r light1 :i* at ! "t appe>$ to be mov+ away at ea* attempt at approa*40 ,!re 7 o!r diff]5ces1 too4 ,! rate ( asc5t 0 fa/] on ! fir/ night1 & ! second balloon did n exhibit a tail4 ,discussion ) memb]s ( ! ,a]ology ,dep>tm5t br\ght out ! explanation ( ^! diff]5ces4 ,! fir/ night _h be5 cle>1 ) a bright moon t trans=m$ ! accompany+ light into a flick]+ tail4 ,on ! second night ! dew po9t 0 high] & ! atmosph]e 0 hazy s t no tail 0 visible1 ! balloon look$ small]1 & %[$ an orange gl[ in/ead ( a bright :ite4 ,! rapid climb ( ! fir/ balloon c\ld be attribut$ to a v]tical air curr5t1 or to an air lay] ( v>iable d5sity1 or bo?4 ,a balloon (t5 develops leaks at high altitudes & !n desc5ds to an int]m$iate altitude :]e ! loss ( gas & ! d5s] atmosph]e cause x to hov]4 ,"o w9d balloon1 releas$ e>li] f ! same base1 _h develop$ a leak1 />t$ sp9n+1 cov]$ a horizontal di/ance ( ab\t a mile1 & !n dropp$ into ! wat]4 ,simil>ly1 ! fir/ balloon probably develop$ a l>ge hole & fell v rapidly = a :ile until ! loss ( gas & ! increase 9 atmosph]ic pressure caus$ x to %r9k & close ! hole1 sl[+ its desc5t4 ,"s ( 8 impressions1 he decid$1 7 ! result ( mak+ tight turns at high spe$3 8,! la/ fa/ desc5t c\ld be due to ! fact t ,i may h cut ! balloon ) my prop on ! ?ird run1 caus+ ! light to fall free4 ,my la/ ?ree-qu>t] turn 0 div+ to port 9 a position nor!a/ ( ! light1 :i* c\ld h produc$ ! illusion ( ! light arc+ across ,caiman]a & ! ,bay & settl+ into ! wat]4 ,! light's cross+ f />bo>d to port c\ld h be5 ! result ( my plane be+ 9 a v]tical turn & ! light desc5d+ /raight d[n in/ead ( go+ horizontally4 ,at ! "t ( int]cept ,i ?\ght my w+s to be almo/ level1 ! light travel+ 9 a flat circle1 b due to ! a=e-m5tion$ v]tigo1 a pilot _c rely on 8 s5ses to e/abli% attitude40 ,! pilot conclud$3 8,consid]+ all ! facts & an obs]vation ( kn[n light on ! night ( ! tw5ty-fif?1 x is my op9ion t ! light on ! night ( ! tw5ty-f\r? 0 a balloon1 ) its accompany+ light1 :i* _h be5 releas$ f ! ,naval ,air ,/ation40,,iii-#b ,! ,wallops ,isl& ,,ufo ,p]haps ! mo/ spectacul> 7& %ort-liv$7 ,,ufo 9 hi/ory appe>$ at #f3ee ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t4 on ,april #a1 #aifj1 along ! ea/ coa/4 ,a bright-yell[ /reak ( fire %ot up f ! horizon into ! ea/]n sky & sl[ly *ang$ into a huge zigzag patt]n4 ,) ! /reak ( fire appe>$ a l>ge r$di% sph]e1 report$ by "s obs]v]s to be z l>ge z ! full moon & _m times bright] ?an a planet4 ,visible along ! entire ea/]n seabo>d1 ! brilliant object sl[ly mov$ ea/w>d1 foll[$ by a trail ( gre5i% sp>ks4 ,:ile /ill at high altitude out ov] ! ,atlantic ,ocean1 x sudd5ly vani%$--z ?\gh x _h simply tak5 (f into out] space4 ,swit*bo>ds 9 ea/]n cities 7 jamm$ z witnesses call$ newspap]s1 univ]sities1 & ne>by obs]vatories to report a comet1 a fireball1 or a fly+ sauc]4 ,newspap]s imm$iately pr9t$ a full explanation ( ?is ,april ,fool's ,day app>ition3 a s*$ul$ b unann\nc$ rocket laun*+ f ,wallops ,isl&1 ,virg9ia4 ,! yell[ fire 0 debris f ! rocket1 reflect+ ! rays ( ! sett+ sun2 contr>y w9ds 9 ! upp] atmosph]e produc$ ! zigzag =m4 ,! lum9\s globe 0 a full-scale model ( ! ,e*o satellite--an inflat$ balloon #ajj feet 9 diamet]1 c>ri$ al(t by ! rocket4 ,dry p[d] escap+ ?r\gh holes 9 ! balloon produc$ ! gre5i% tail4 ,! object _h 8vani%$0 :5 ! balloon fell back into ! e>?'s %ad[ & 0 ?us no long] visible4 ,al?\gh ! newspap]s publi%$ a full explanation )9 a day or two1 "s sauc] en?usia/s cont9u$ to treat ! app>ition z a my/]y4 ,9 its ,special ,bullet9 = ,may ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii7 includ$ ! incid5t "u 8,rec5t ,,ufo ,sight+s40 ,?ree mon?s aft] ! laun*+ ! organization conc$$ 7,,ufo ,inve/igator1 ,july-,augu/1 #aifj7 t ! ,,ufo ( ,april #a 0 probably ! giant balloon s5t up f ,wallops ,isl&4 ,on ,augu/ #ab1 #aifj1 ! c\nt]p>t ( ?is balloon w5t into orbit & became ! satellite ,e*o1 :i* is /ill circl+ ! e>?1 %9+ l a /> ( ! fir/ magnitude ne> dawn or sunset4 ,wea!r ,balloons & ,sauc]s ,9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! sauc] era balloons acc\nt$ = "s #be p] c5t ( ! unid5tifi$ fly+ objects report$ to ,,atic4 ,! patt]n ( ^! sight+s is unmi/akable1 & ! id5tity ( balloon & ,,ufo is (t5 c]ta9--z c]ta9 z any evid5ce c be4 ,nev]!less _m su* id5tifications are resolutely reject$ by ! sauc] en?usia/s4 ,x w\ld be po9tless to discuss all ! ,,ufo reports ( ?is class1 b we c summ>ize a few ( ! mo/ fam\s4 ,9 ! w9t] ( #aiec1 a fly+ sauc] 0 report$ to h circl$ ar\nd a ,b-#cf bomb] & bl9k$ a light z ?\gh signal+4 ,inve/igators f ,,atic det]m9$ ! foll[+ facts3 ,at #a3ac ,a4,m4 on ,febru>y #f1 #aiec1 ! pilot ( a ,b-#cf plane b\nd = ,spokane1 ,wa%+ton1 0 ne> ,rosalia :5 he sight$ a r\nd :ite light bel[ him1 circl+ & ris+ at a spe$ e/imat$ at #aej to #bjj knots z x proce$$ on a s\!a/ c\rse4 ,! ,b-#cf made a %>p desc5d+ turn t[>d ! light1 :i* 0 9 view = a p]iod ( ?ree to five m9utes1 b ! pilot c\ld n id5tify x4 ,at #a ,a4,m41 ?irte5 m9utes be=e ! sight+1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,wea!r ,bureau /ation at ,fair*ild ,air ,=ce ,base _h releas$ a pibal balloon4 ,w9ds al(t at altitudes ( #gjjj to #aj1jjj feet 7 f ! nor?we/ ) a spe$ ( ab\t fifty knots4 ,computations %[$ t ! exi/+ w9ds w\ld h c>ri$ ! balloon to ! s\!a/1 & x w\ld h be5 ov] ,rosalia1 :i* is #ab4e nautical miles s\!a/ ( ,fair*ild ,air ,=ce ,base1 9 ab\t fifte5 m9utes4 ,! plane sight$ ! unkn[n ne> ,rosalia ?irte5 m9utes aft] ! laun*+4 ,! balloon c>ri$ :ite runn+ lights :i* acc\nt$ = ! bl9k+ describ$1 & ! circl+ climb ( ! ,,ufo is typical ( a balloon's c\rse4 ,?us all ! evid5ce supports ,,atic's conclusion t ! ,,ufo 0 a wea!r balloon,,iii-#b4 ,a simil> sight+ _h occurr$ ne> ,hamilton ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,cali=nia1 on ! aft]noon ( ,augu/ #c1 #aieb--t[>d ! end ( ! summ]'s sauc] sc>e 7,*apt] ,,vii7--:5 sev]al pairs ( sauc]s suppos$ly engag$ 9 dramatic duels 9 full view ( ! base4 ,ample evid5ce supports ! ,air ,=ce conclusion t ! ,u,f,os 7 balloons4 ,! two objects 7 fir/ se5 at #d3ae ,p4,m4 ,gr\nd obs]v]s at ! ,air ,=ce base1 ) ! aid ( b9ocul>s1 describ$ !m z silv] 9 color1 circul> 9 %ape1 #fj to #ajj feet 9 diamet]1 & travel+ f ea/ to we/ at an e/imat$ spe$ ( #djj to #dej miles an h\r4 ,"o object 0 at ab\t #ab1jjj feet1 ! o!r at ab\t #ah1jjj feet2 z !y mov$ to ! we/ a di/ance ( ab\t fifte5 miles1 pass+ ov] ! heads ( ! obs]v]s 7b n circl+ ! base71 ! high] object div$ to ab\t ! level ( ! l[]1 & !y bobb$ ab\t ea* o!r = ab\t an h\r & a qu>t]4 ,t[>d ! end ( ?is p]iod !y 7 visible only int]mitt5tly because !y 7 se5 aga9/ ! sun4 ,?ree additional pairs ( objects 7a total ( eight7 came into view fifte5 to tw5ty miles we/ ( ! obs]v]s &1 buffet$ by ! w9ds1 appe>$ to c>ry on a dogfight2 mom5t>ily !y appe>$ 9 a 8diamond0 =mation ext5d+ ov] an area ( ab\t f\r miles4 ,s9ce ! witnesses 7 look+ into ! sun at objects fifte5 or tw5ty miles away1 !y f\nd x difficult to foll[ ! c\rse ( any "o = any l5g? ( "t4 ,! objects look$ l balloons1 behav$ l balloons1 & wea!r balloons _h be5 releas$ 9 ! area t day4 ,conclusion3 ! sauc]s 7 wea!r balloons,,iii-#b4 ,a numb] ( o!r publiciz$ cases li/$ z 8,unkn[n0 7 9 all probability balloons4 ,s9ce a probability1 h[ev] good1 is n ! same z an e/abli%$ fact1 ^! sight+s rema9 9 ! ,unkn[n category ev5 ?\gh _! actual explanation is reasonably c]ta94 ,su* a case 0 t ne> ,h]manas1 ,new ,mexico1 :i*1 l t a few weeks e>li] at ,hamilton ,air ,=ce ,base1 may h be5 /imulat$ by ! #aieb sauc] panic 9 ,wa%+ton 7,*apt] ,,vii74 ,on ,augu/ #bd1 #aieb1 an ,air ,=ce colonel 0 fly+ f ,cali=nia to ,georgia 9 an ,f-#hd-;,g plane at an air spe$ ( ab\t #bij miles an h\r4 ,at #aj3ae ,a4,m4 ,m4,s4,t41 :5 ne> ,h]manas1 ,new ,mexico1 he obs]v$ two r\nd1 silv]y objects ab\t six feet 9 diamet] "s two miles nor? ( him & travel+ ea/ at high spe$2 !y %[$ no trail or exhau/4 ,dur+ ! ?ree m9utes !y 7 9 view1 "o object sudd5ly began a "r turn :ile ! second accel]at$ rapidly2 !y *ang$ 9 %ape & 9 color1 became elongat$ & gray1 & !n disappe>$4 ,a few m9utes lat] ov] ,el ,paso1 ,texas1 he saw two simil> silv]y objects1 also travel+ ea/4 ,dur+ ! t5 m9utes !y 7 9 view1 "o object seem$ to climb /raight up = #bjjj or #cjjj feet1 foll[$ imm$iately by ! second "o4 ,assum+ t ! same pair ( objects 0 involv$ 9 bo? sight+s1 ! obs]v] conclud$ t !y 7 go+ mu* fa/] ?an any plane1 & report$ ! incid5t to ,,atic4 ,! behavior describ$ is typical ( t ( balloons4 ,ris+ into a new w9d /ream1 !y may move rapidly & *ange _! ori5tation s t !y look sausage-%ap$ in/ead ( r\nd2 reflect+ ! sun at a diff]5t angle1 !y look gray r ?an silv]4 ,inve/igators *eck$ ) ,biggs ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,:ite ,s&s1 & ,el ,paso ,int]national ,airport2 bo? ,:ite ,s&s & ,el ,paso _h releas$ wea!r balloons at #h3jj t morn+ :i* _h travel$ s\!a/ & bur/ "s "t be=e ! sight+ at ,h]manas4 ,s9ce no s+le record$ balloon c\ld acc\nt = ! sight+1 x 0 li/$ z ,unkn[n,,iii-#b4 ,?is inquiry c sc>cely be call$ ?or\gh4 ,no *eck seems to h be5 made at ,holloman ,air ,=ce ,base or at m di/ant bases ^: wea!r balloons might well h travel$ into ! area4 ,! inve/igators app>5tly accept$ ! pilot's assumption t ! objects 9 ! two sight+s 7 id5tical & 7 !re=e travel+ at incr$ible spe$s2 yet !re 0 no evid5ce to support ! assumption4 ,x is f> m probable t he 0 obs]v+ two sets ( objects1 n "o4 ,! e/imates ( size1 di/ance1 & spe$ are all unc]ta9 because no fix$ ref]5ce po9t exi/$4 ,! report does n /ate :e!r ! objects seem$ to be above or bel[ ! plane1 & does n give ! exact head+ ( ! objects4 ,! objects look$ & behav$ l balloons4 ,ano!r possibility is t !y 7 fragm5ts f ! balloons t _h bur/ e>li]4 ,b ! explanation ( ?is incid5t rema9s unkn[n because too few facts 7 det]m9$4 ,pla/ic ,u,f,os & ! 8,/ack ( ,co9s0 ,a bur/ balloon has caus$ _m a sauc] sc>e1 b ! invasion ( ,f>m+ton1 ,new ,mexico1 on ,sa9t ,patrick's ,day #aiej 0 "o ( ! mo/ dramatic4 ,! 8sauc]s0 began to fly ab\t #aj3ae ,a4,m4 ,m4,s4,t41 & soon fill$ ! air4 ,9 numb]s e/imat$ f #ejj to ?\s&s1 = ! next h\r ! gleam+ sauc]-%ap$ objects so>$ ov] ! t[n1 mov+ erratically at incr$ible spe$s1 d>t+ 9 & out among ea* o!r 9 :at "o writ] has call$ 8! greate/ exhibition ( magnetic flight t has ev] happ5$ 9 ?is univ]se40,,iii-#f 7,see ,*apt] ,,ix47 ,! explanation is m prosaic4 ,a ,skyhook balloon _h be5 laun*$ t morn+ f ,holloman ,air ,=ce ,base ne> ,:ite ,s&s1 ,new ,mexico4 ,ne> ,f>m+ton1 9 ! cold atmosph]e at #fj1jjj feet ! balloon _h become brittle1 bur/1 & dis9tegrat$ into hundr$s ( t9y pieces ( pla/ic4 ,light z fea!rs1 %9+ 9 ! sunlight1 !y float$ ov] ! t[n & away,,iii-#a1 p4 #ajf4 ,a simil> episode occurr$ on ,july #bg1 #aieb1 ! day aft] ! second ,wa%+ton 8invasion40 ,! dramatically nam$ 8/ack ( co9s0 sight+ at ,manhattan ,bea*1 ,cali=nia1 0 report$ by an aircraft eng9e]1 =m]ly a ,navy pilot1 & 0 confirm$ by sev5 o!r witnesses4 ,at #f3ce ,p4,m4 ,p4,s4,t41 j be=e sunset1 a bright silv]y object appe>$ high 9 ! sky1 elliptical 9 %ape & app>5tly solid4 ,! size 0 e/imat$ to be ab\t t ( a dime held at arm's l5g?4 ,z ! obs]v]s wat*$1 x turn$ to ! s\? & gracefully broke ap>t into sev5 small] objects1 z smoo?ly z a /ack ( co9s sep>at+4 ,! ?ree lead objects assum$ a ,v position1 ! o!rs foll[$ 9 two pairs1 & ! :ole =mation !n turn$ nor!a/ & quickly disappe>$4 ,,atic inve/igators1 /ill buri$ 9 a mass ( equally spectacul> reports1 c\ld provide no solution to ! my/]y1 & ano!r fleet ( sauc]s _h app>5tly be5 add$ to ! summ]'s li/4 ,imm$iately conclud+ t ! objects 7 f out] space1 ,,ufo-philes pond]$ ! mean+ ( ! incid5t4 ,"o au?or sugge/$ t ! disks might h be5 sev5 diff]5t %ips t1 :5 fir/ obs]v$1 _h be5 /ack$ l co9s & atta*$ to ea* o!r by "s magnetic =ce1 s t all c\ld be direct$ z "o,,iii-#e4 ,?is sight+ has rema9$ te*nically an unkn[n *iefly because ! descriptions fail to give ! necess>y in=mation4 ,:at direction did ! object come f8 ,h[ long 0 x 9 sight8 ,:at balloons _h be5 releas$ 9 ! area t day8 ,at :at "t8 ,:at 7 ! w9ds at high altitudes8 ,! w9ds at l[ levels 7 f ! we/1 & at altitudes f #bj1jjj to #ej1jjj feet !y 7 f ! ea/2 b :at 7 !y 9 ! region above #gj1jjj feet1 ! probable location ( ! object8 ,ev5 )\t ^! facts1 a reasonable explanation c be (f]$3 ! unkn[n 0 a radiosonde balloon t bur/ at a high altitude4 ,! sun 0 l[ on ! we/]n horizon4 ,a balloon at a great height reflects ! sun brilliantly f its rubb] or pla/ic sk9 & gleams l a giant metallic sph]e4 ,^! balloons usually so> to #gj1jjj to #ij1jjj feet be=e !y bur/ f ! cold4 ,! fragm5ts !n disp]se 9 an impressively uni=m patt]n1 & may disappe> quickly4 ,! radiosonde package & atta*$ p>a*ute fall rapidly at su* heights4 ,!y are n notic$ by ! witnesses because ! *ute usually does n op5 fully until aft] ! package has fall5 "s di/ance into ! beg9n+ twilight ne> ! e>?'s surface4 ,?is explanation ( ! 8/ack ( co9s0 _c be prov$1 ( c\rse1 b e detail ( ! incid5t is consi/5t ) ! behavior ( a bur/+ balloon,,iii-#b4 ,jets & ,contrails ,wea!r balloons are n ! only air-borne objects t h be5 mi/ak5 = int]planet>y craft4 ,fly+ sauc]s report$ ov] ,durango1 ,colorado1 e>ly 9 ,augu/ #aieb turn$ out to be f\r ,t-#cc ,air ,=ce jets fly+ at #cj1jjj feet1 s high t no s\nd rea*$ ! gr\nd4 ,a l[-fly+ jet1 envelop$ 9 an aura ( cl\d made by ! jet itself1 c look l a /range object4 ,?is cond5sation ph5om5on1 call$ a contrail1 occurs :5 areas ( l[ pressure develop on ! w+ surface2 ! air cools by expansion 9 ! sl[ly mov+ b\nd>y lay] 9 contact ) ! w+4 ,bo? ! dep? ( ! b\nd>y lay] & ! drop 9 pressure increase ) increas+ air spe$1 b ea* dep5ds v closely on ! a]odynamic qualities ( ! w+4 ,an excell5t photograph ( "o su* disk produc$ by a ,canb]ra jet 0 tak5 on ,febru>y #d1 #aief1 along ! coa/ ( ,africa ne> ,accra on a morn+ :5 ! cond5sation ph5om5on occurr$ sev]al times dur+ air maneuv]s4 ,! wea!r 0 f9e1 ! sky cl\dless ) a few pat*es ( haze ov] ! sea1 & visibility 0 m ?an eight miles4 ,dur+ ! display ! air spe$ ( ! jets 0 usually too l[ or ! air too dry = ! aura to =m4 8,b ov] ! cliff edge :]e ! sea-breeze 0 j beg9n+ to break ?r\gh 9 pat*es ! air w\ld be moi/ en\gh to cond5se ab\t #a gm4 ( wat] droplets 9 ea* cubic metre ( air1 q suffici5t to produce ! obs]v$ effect4 ,! effect is increas$ by high] spe$s at ! end ( a dive 7:5 ! angle ( incid5ce ( ! a](oil is lea/7 444 b x is likely t ! pat*y onset ( ! sea-breeze 0 ! mo/ important contribut+ factor40,,iii-#g ,a fly+ sauc] report$ f ,johannesburg1 ,s\? ,africa1 on ,april #aa1 #aieh1 belongs 9 ?is category4 ,hundr$s ( witnesses report$ a my/]i\s />like object maneuv]+ 9 ! nor!rn sky on ?ree successive nights at spe$s 9 excess ( #bjjj miles an h\r4 ,mo/ obs]v]s agre$ t 8,! ,?+0 c\ld n h be5 any kn[n aircraft because its spe$ 0 too great2 x sometimes hov]$ /ation>y 9 ! air1 & repeat$ly *ang$ color f :ite to r$ to deep sc>let4 ,"o memb] ( an ,int]planet>y ,club :o wat*$ x ?r\gh b9ocul>s describ$ ! ,,ufo z sauc]-%ap$1 ) a rim l a s\p plate ar\nd ! edge4 ,memb]s ( ! ,c\ncil = ,sci5tific & ,indu/rial ,rese>* ,m9itrack ,/ation1 ne> ,johannesburg1 7 amus$ by ! v>iety ( reports on 8,! ,?+40 ,! my/]i\s object 9 ! night skies 0 9 fact a ,s\? ,african ,air ,=ce ,dakota aircraft1 fly+ back & =? s t ! ,m9itrack ,/ation c\ld te/ ! calibration ( its track+ in/rum5ts4 ,9 addition to ! usual navigation lights1 ! aircraft _h c>ri$ a bright1 fla%+ light s t x c\ld be photograph$,,iii-#g;a4 ,a flight ( bomb]s refuel+ 9 mid-air at night c be a />tl+ spectacle & m ?an once has be5 report$ z a ga!r+ ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,su* an incid5t occurr$ 9 ,florida on ,octob] #ca1 #aiee1 :5 a disk jockey at ,ga9esville broke into 8 radio program ab\t t5 o'clock 9 ! ev5+ to ann\nce t fly+ sauc]s 7 ov] ! /ation4 ,_m ( 8 li/5]s hurri$ out ( _! h\ses to look at ! ,hall[e5 visitors1 cle>ly visible 9 ! night sky4 ,"o report] /at$ t he _h se5 f\r to six objects1 oblong 9 %ape1 brilliantly gl[+1 r$ & orange1 travel+ s\ndlessly 9 a /raight-l9e =mation t lat] *ang$ to a ,v,,iii-#h4 ,bo? ! radio /ation & ! police /ation 7 swamp$ ) telephone calls f fright5$ citiz5s1 mo/ ( :om calm$ d[n :5 !y le>n$ ! explanation3 a flight ( bomb]s _h be5 refuel+ at an altitude ( #cb1jjj feet4 ,! ,killian ,case ,! mo/ fam\s ,,ufo sight+ ( ?is type is ! ,killian case4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,febru>y #bd1 #aiei1 an ,am]ican ,airl9es plane 0 fly+ f ,new>k to ,detroit4 ,at ab\t #h3de ,p4,m41 :5 ! plane 0 ne> ,brad=d1 ,p5nsylvania1 ! pilot1 ,capta9 ,killian1 notic$ "s puzzl+ lights above & to ! left ( 8 plane4 ,!re seem$ to be ?ree1 _! colors *ang+ f yell[ to light orange1 dimm+ & bright5+ 9 int5sity & %ift+ _! relative positions4 ,at fir/ he suppos$ he 0 look+ at ! con/ellation ,orion1 = ! lights _h ! same configuration z ! />s 9 ,orion's 8belt10 b :5 ! lights *ang$ position & he c\ld see ,orion itself 9 addition to ! lights1 he disc>d$ 8 fir/ !ory4 ,he consid]$ ! possibility ( a jet tank] refuel+ op]ation1 b decid$ ! lights 7 mov+ too sl[ly4 ,he c\ldn't ?9k ( any ord9>y explanation--b he _h long wond]$ :at tru? !re 0 9 ! idea ( fly+ sauc]s & _h ?\ght !re mu/ be some?+ to x4 ,ov] ! l\d speak] he rem>k$ to ! pass5g]s t ,am]ican ,airl9es _h a special treat = !m :i* !y c\ld see by look+ out ( ! left w9d[s4 ,he cont9u$ to wat* ! lights z he flew we/ t[>d ,detroit1 & radio$ two o!r ,am]ican ,airl9es planes 9 ! area4 ,le>n+ t _! pilots 7 also wat*+ ! unusual spectacle1 he notifi$ ,air ,traffic ,control 7,,atc7 9 ,detroit4 ,! lights rema9$ 9 view = ab\t =ty m9utes1 all ! way to ,detroit1 & ! pilot lo/ sight ( !m only :5 he began to let d[n ?r\gh ! haze = a l&+4 ,report]s & photograph]s 7 wait+ to int]view him1 & next day's ,detroit ,times c>ri$ a bann] headl9e1 8,my/]y ,discs ,trail ,plane ,"h10 ov] a picture ( ,capta9 ,killian flank$ by ! plane's two pretty ho/esses1 all ?ree smil+ z !y held up to ! cam]a ?ree ord9>y kit*5 sauc]s,,iii-#i4 ,aft] *eck+ ) ! ,detroit ,,atc1 :o did n "k ( any s*$ul$ refuel+ op]ation1 ! pilot report$ 8 exp]i5ce to (ficials ( ,am]ican ,airl9es1 & next day return$ to ,new ,york :]e aga9 he 0 besieg$ by report]s & photograph]s4 ,mean:ile1 foll[+ /&>d ,,cirvis proc$ure 7,communication ,in/ruction = ,report+ ,vital ,intellig5ce ,sight+ f ,aircraft71 ! manag] ( op]ations ( ,am]ican ,airl9es report$ ! incid5t to ,,atic at ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base4 ,9 ,new ,york ! day aft] ! sight+ ,capta9 ,killian gave a telephone int]view to ,radio ,/ation ,,w*s1 ,*>le/on1 ,we/ ,virg9ia1 describ+ 8 exp]i5ce4 ,foll[+ ! cu/om>y proc$ure1 intellig5ce (fic]s f ,mit*ell ,air ,=ce ,base que/ion$ him & fill$ out ! usual report =m,,iii-#b4 ,9 ! radio int]view & 9 ! talk ) intellig5ce (fic]s ,capta9 ,killian made ! same /atem5ts he _h made to ,am]ican ,airl9es (ficials3 he didn't "k :at ! lights 71 & he c\ldn't tell h[ f> away !y _h be5 because he didn't "k _! size or _! altitude,,iii-#aj4 ,n = mon?s _h su* a good fly+-sauc] /ory appe>$1 & ! newspap]s made ! mo/ ( x4 ,among ! fir/ to ass]t t ! unkn[n lights _h be5 fly+ sauc]s 0 ! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 ,ohio 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii74 ,memb]s ( ! committee _h receiv$ ! news by telephone1 ev5 be=e ,capta9 ,killian's plane l&$ at ,detroit1 f ! pilot ( a ,unit$ ,airl9es plane :o _h wat*$ ! lights on 8 flight to ,akron4 ,dur+ ! days foll[+1 ,capta9 ,killian's copilot gave an int]view on ,long ,john ,nebel's aft]-midnight radio program 9 ,new ,york4 ,capta9 ,killian himself describ$ ! ,u,f,os to memb]s ( a ,new ,york ,,ufo organization1 ,civilian ,sauc] ,intellig5ce 7,,csi71 & appe>$ on sev]al radio & ,,tv programs4 ,bo? sauc] addicts & newsm5 besieg$ ,air ,=ce repres5tatives1 dem&+ an imm$iate explanation ( ! sight+4 ,f9ally1 on ,febru>y #bh1 only two days aft] receiv+ ! report f ,am]ican ,airl9es1 ,,atic yield$ to public pressure & produc$ a t5tative !ory3 x 0 possible t ! pilots might h sight$ ! />s ( ,orion1 z ,capta9 ,killian _h fir/ sugge/$4 ,h[ev]1 ! release add$1 no def9ite conclusion c\ld be rea*$ until all ! facts _h be5 /udi$4 ,promptly reject+ ! possibility t he might h be5 look+ at ,orion1 ,capta9 ,killian /at$ 9 an int]view ) ! ,new ,york ,h]ald ,tribune1 8,i am sure !re are p on o!r planets & t !y h solv$ ! problem ( space travel4444 ,i s9c]ely believe t _! vehicles are com+ close to e>?40 ,:ile ! sauc] believ]s 7 keep+ ! /ory alive1 applaud+ ,capta9 ,killian & d5\nc+ ! ,air ,=ce1 ! exp]ts at ,,atic _h be5 collect+ facts & try+ to analyze !m4 ,! basic piece ( evid5ce 0 ,capta9 ,killian's own report to ,am]ican ,airl9es1 made a few h\rs aft] ! incid5t took place4 ,aft] describ+ ! circum/ances ( ! sight+1 ! appe>ance & behavior ( ! lights1 ! /atem5t cont9ues3 8,! only possible explanation o!r ?an fly+ sauc]s c\ld be a jet-tank] refuel+ op]ation4 ,nev] hav+ witness$ refuel+ op]ations at night1 ,i am n aw>e ( ! light+ ( ! jet tank]4 8,my air spe$ dur+ ?is complete flight 0 #bej knots indicat$4 ,i also d n "k ! air spe$ ( tank]s dur+ op]ation if ?is c\ld be s4 ,i contact$ ,,atc to f9d out if !y _h any airplanes on a cle>ance & no ?ree airplanes 7 giv54 8,9 summ>y1 x 0 difficult = me to believe !y 7 jets because ( l[ spe$ & configuration4 ,if !y w]5't jets ,i /ill don't "k any m ?an ,i did be=e ev5 ?\gh ,i wat*$ !m = =ty m9utes be=e4 ,due to ! d>k & /rong lights ,i 0 n able to asc]ta9 any size or %ape4 ,! altitude ( ! objects 0 #cj degrees above my horizon4 ,di/ance away is unkn[n40,,iii-#b ,almo/ equally important 0 ! evid5ce ( o!r witnesses4 ,dur+ ! =ty-m9ute p]iod ( obs]vation1 ! crews ( five o!r planes1 all fly+ we/ 9 ! ,p5nsylvania-,ohio region1 _h wat*$ ! lights = v>y+ l5g?s ( "t4 ,sev]al p]sons on ! gr\nd 9 & ne> ,akron _h se5 !m betwe5 #i3ae & #i3cj4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators me?odically ga!r$ ! facts & made _! analysis & on ,m>* #af1 only tw5ty days aft] ! sight+1 !y releas$ a summ>y to ! press4 ,! my/]i\s lights belong$ to normal t]re/rial aircraft4 ,al?\gh ,,atc at ,detroit _h app>5tly n _h ! in=mation :5 fir/ ask$1 ?ree ,b-#dg bomb]s ( ! ,/rategic ,air ,comm& _h be5 c>ry+ out a night refuel+ op]ation f ,,kc-#ig tank]s at ! "t & place report$4 ,! tank] has sev]al gr\ps ( lights :i*1 f a di/ance1 c seem to be "o or m lights1 & w\ld h look$ v mu* l ! ?ree objects describ$ by ,capta9 ,killian4 ,su* a refuel+ op]ation takes f ab\t =ty m9utes to m ?an an h\r4 ,capta9 ,killian _h be5 fly+ at an altitude ( #hejj feet1 & he _h giv5 ! location ( ! unkn[ns z #cj degrees above 8 horizon2 ?is agre$ ) ! position ( ! tank]s1 :i* 7 op]at+ at an altitude ( #ag1jjj feet4 ,capta9 ,killian _h be5 fly+ we/ at an indicat$ air spe$ ( #bej knots2 ! refuel+ tank]s _h also be5 fly+ we/ at a true air spe$ ( #bcj knots 7ca4 #bgj mph74 ,s9ce ! c\rses ( plane & tank]s 7 r\ghly p>allel1 ! tank]s _h rema9$ 9 view & w\ld h arriv$ ov] ,akron at ab\t #i3ae1 ! "t t gr\nd obs]v]s report$ ! lights4 ,ev]y?+ *eck$4 ,e detail ( ! incid5t 0 acc\nt$ =,,iii-#aa4 ,nev]!less ! solution caus$ an explosion 9 ! camps ( ! sauc] en?usia/s1 :o call$ x1 among o!r ?+s1 imag9ative4 ,=gett+ t ! 8,orion0 !ory sugge/$ imm$iately aft] ! sight+ _h be5 only t5tative1 ,,ufo addicts ridicul$ x & ask$ :y ! exp]ts _h lat] (f]$ a diff]5t explanation--:i* !y greet$ ) equal ridicule,,iii-#ab4 ,capta9 ,killian1 too1 _h app>5tly =gott5 8 fir/ report4 ,on ,m>* #bd1 a mon? aft] ! sight+1 9 an int]view by ! ,long ,isl& ,daily ,press he /at$ t ! ?+s he saw c\ld n h be5 tank]s2 t he knew :at ,b-#dg bomb]s & ,,kc-#ig tank]s look$ l1 & h[ !y look$ 9 op]ation at night 7,orig9al /atem5t to ,am]ican ,airl9es3 8,nev] hav+ witness$ refuel+ op]ations at night1 ,i am n aw>e ( ! light+ ( jet tank]s407 ,also1 he told ! ,daily ,press1 ! objects he saw 7 at lea/ triple ! size ( any kn[n tank] or bomb]4 7,orig9al /atem5t to ,am]ican ,airl9es3 8,due to ! d>k & /rong lights ,i 0 n able to asc]ta9 any size or %ape407 ,fur!rmore1 he ass]t$1 ! unkn[ns _h be5 f> too fa/ = a tank]1 & _h mov$ at a spe$ ( ab\t #bjjj miles an h\r4 7,orig9al /atem5t to ,am]ican ,airl9es3 8444 x 0 difficult = me to believe !y 7 jets because ( l[ spe$407 ,9 reject+ ! ,air ,=ce explanation ( ?is incid5t1 fly+-sauc] addicts ignor$ sev]al emb>rass+ que/ions3 ,if ,capta9 ,killian actually saw int]planet>y craft1 h[ did he fail to see ! e>?ly aircraft op]at+ at ! same "t & place8 ,if ! unkn[ns mov$ at a spe$ ( #bjjj miles an h\r1 h[ did ,capta9 ,killian & ! crews ( sev]al o!r planes1 fly+ at less ?an #cjj miles an h\r1 keep ! unkn[ns 9 sight = =ty m9utes8 ,9 t l5g? ( "t ! ,u,f,os %\ld h cov]$ mo/ ( ! di/ance to ! ,pacific4 ,few p]sons1 giv5 ! facts by responsible (ficials1 w\ld p]si/ 9 d5y+ ! reality ( ! tank]s & conjur+ up a fleet ( fly+ sauc]s to occupy ! relevant cubic area ( space4 ,to ! true en?usia/1 h[ev]1 ^! refuel+ planes rema9 incontrov]tible pro( t spacecraft are among u4 444 ,& ,kites & ,soap ,bubbles ,objects ne$ n be z l>ge z ,skyhook balloons or jets to />t a fly+-sauc] sc>e4 ,brightly illum9at$ adv]tis+ blimps h caus$ _m ,,ufo reports4 ,unfamili> circum/ances or a faulty p]spective c manufacture space%ips out ( ?+s z small z se$s1 spid] webs1 scraps ( pap]1 or toy balloons4 ,9 ! autumn ( #aidg1 dur+ ! fir/ mon?s ( ! sauc] sc>e1 _m su* ,u,f,os 7 report$4 ,"o exp]i5c$ obs]v]1 =m]ly a combat pilot1 report$ a fly+ sauc] ov]head at a height he e/imat$ z #ejjj feet4 ,m c>eful /udy %[$ t ! object 0 at a height ( only ab\t #bej feet & 0 susp5d$ f small balloons4 ,lat] he le>n$ t1 z a joke1 "s boys _h laun*$ a pap] sauc] c>ri$ by helium-fill$ toy balloons4 ,dur+ ?is same p]iod :5 ev]yone 0 talk+ ab\t fly+ sauc]s1 space%ips report$ ov] an ,i[a t[n "o night turn$ out to be gl[+ bits ( pap] drift+ f a fireplace *imney,,iii-#ac4 ,on ,m>* #af1 #aifa1 accord+ to ! ,briti% radio1 a resid5t ( ,ea/ ,suffolk report$ to ! police t he _h se5 a space%ip l& 9 a ne>by field4 ,inve/igators soon f\nd ! craft3 a fuel tank t _h fall5 f a pass+ plane4 ,a fleet ( ,u,f,os appe>$ late "o aft]noon 9 ,july #aifa to an obs]v] driv+ we/ along ,highway #ed f ,el ,paso1 ,texas1 to ,alamogordo1 ,new ,mexico4 ,x _h be5 ra9+ 9 ! m\nta9s1 & w9d & du/ /orms _h =c$ ! driv] to /op sev]al times dur+ 8 trip1 b n[ ! sun 0 %9+ betwe5 pat*es ( d>k cl\d 9 ! we/]n sky4 ,driv+ t[>d ! outskirts ( ,alamogordo1 he 0 />tl$ to see a ,v-%ap$ =mation ( huge sauc]s fly+ directly t[>d him4 ,/opp+ 8 c>1 he saw t !y 7 gl[+ a deep r$1 7 mov+ at high spe$1 & seem$ to be z high z ! cl\ds4 ,:5 !y _h rea*$ a po9t ne>ly ov]head1 !y sudd5ly seem$ to drop d[n t[>d ! obs]v]4 ,rapidly revis+ all 8 fir/ e/imates ( size1 height1 & spe$1 he recogniz$ _! true id5tity4 ,!y 7 m]ely a gr\p ( tumblewe$s t _h be5 c>ri$ al(t 9 ! /rong w9ds & 7 so>+ pa/ at a height ( only #ajj feet4 ,illum9ation f ! sett+ sun _h produc$ _! weird r$di% gl[4 ,a spectacul> fly+ sauc] hov]$ ne> ! ,smi?sonian satellite-obs]v+ /ation 9 ,curaao1 ,ne!rl&s ,antilles1 on ! night ( ,octob] #ag1 #aifa4 ,! /ation crew obs]v$ x ) b9ocul>s1 by apogee telescope1 & photograph$ x ) ! ,bak]-,nunn satellite cam]a4 ,a brilliantly gl[+ object1 x %one 9 ! ea/]n sky1 mov+ erratically & fluctuat+ 9 brightness4 ,aft] wat*+ x = ne>ly an h\r & f9d+ t ! ne>by airport c\ld n obs]ve ! object1 ! obs]v]s conclud$ t x mu/ be less di/ant ?an x seem$1 & set out by c> to try to get a clos] look4 ,ab\t a mile & a half f ! /ation !y /opp$1 & solv$ ! my/]y4 ,a plantation manag] & 8 s]vant /ood 9 a field1 hang+ on to "o end ( a #abjj-;foot kite /r+4 ,at ! o!r end1 high 9 ! sky1 so>$ a kite2 hang+ f x 0 a light$ pressure lant]n,,iii-#ad 7see ,plate ,i,ia74 ,9 #aied malfunction ( a sewage-disposal plant 9 we/]n ,p5nsylvania produc$ "o ( ! mo/ spectacul> sauc] reports on record4 ,an ov]supply ( det]g5t1 :ipp$ by a /iff breeze1 foam$ into a m\nta9\s t[] ( bubbles4 ,a sudd5 gu/ ( w9d broke ! t[] & laun*$ a colossal mass ( bubbles z l>ge z a t5-/ory build+4 ,?is brilliant1 sc9tillat+1 sup]-giant bubble ba? rose to great heights & drift$ = miles4 ,widely report$ z a ,,ufo1 ?is app>ition 0 m]ely an unusual by-product ( mod]n te*nology4 ,! ,u,f,os photograph$ ov] ,k5tucky on ,july #g1 #aidg1 7 probably vapor trails1 a less famili> sight !n ?an n[2 or !y might possibly h be5 ! smoke trails f an explod+ meteor 7see ,plate ,i,ib74 ,a sauc] incid5t t might h become a classic ,unkn[n occurr$ 9 ,d5v] at #aj ,a4,m4 on a summ]'s day 9 #aiej4 ,a man 0 sitt+ on ! %ady por* ( 8 h\se1 read+4 ,beyond ! por* ro( ! sun %one brightly4 ,glanc+ up f 8 book1 he 0 />tl$ to see a =mation ( p]haps a doz5 sph]ical objects1 %9+ iridesc5tly1 travel+ t[>d ! di/ant m\nta9s4 ,z he wat*$1 ^? 9 ! front ( ! procession seem$ to vani% in/antly :ile o!rs appe>$ out ( n[h]e to jo9 ! p>ade at ! re>4 ,measur+ _! size aga9/ ! m\nta9 backgr\nd1 he decid$ !y 7 8imm5se0 & !y mov$ at fanta/ic spe$1 cov]+ ! ?irty or s miles to ! m\nta9s 9 a matt] ( five or six seconds4 ,too /unn$ to take action1 he 0 /ill numb f %ock :5 he he>d a fa9t 8,hello10 & look$ up--to realize t ! little girl across ! /reet 0 bl[+ soap bubbles4 ,if ! man _h jump$ up :5 he fir/ saw ! objects & _h ru%$ into ! h\se to telephone ! ne>e/ sauc] club1 he might nev] h f\nd out t ! 8space%ips0 7 only bubbles,,iii-#ae4 ,,iii-#a ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,iii-#b ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,iii-#c ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,cambridge1 ,mass43 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,press1 #aiec4 ,,iii-#d ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce4 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4,j43 ,d4 ,van ,no/r& ,co41 #aifj4 ,,iii-#e ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s f ,out] ,space4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiec4 ,,iii-#f ,scully1 ,f4 ,beh9d ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,popul> ,libr>y1 ,inc41 #aiea1 p4 #add4 ,,iii-#g ,s>son1 ,p4 ,b4 8,aircraft ,cond5sation ,aura10 ,meteorological ,magaz9e1 ,london1 ,vol4 ,,lxxxv 7#aief71 p4 #bag4 ,,iii-#g;a ,johannesburg ,/>1 ,april #ad1 #aieh4 ,,iii-#h ,case #adb1 ,,crifo ,orbit1 ,vol4 ,,ii 7,m>* #b1 #aief74 ,,iii-#i ,detroit ,times1 ,feb4 #be1 #aiei4 ,,iii-#aj ,b>k]1 ,g4 8,*as+ ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,july #aiei71 p4 #bd ff4 ,,iii-#aa ,kirs*1 ,f4 ,a4 8,air ,=ce ,"r on ,killian #8,sauc]'80 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,augu/ #aifj71 p4 #ag ff4 ,,iii-#ab 8,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects ,obs]v$ ,feb4 #bd1 #aiei1 by ,am]ican-,unit$ ,airl9e ,pilots40 ,compil$ by ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects ,rese>* ,committee1 ,akron1 ,ohio1 ,feb4 #bd1 #aifj4 ,,iii-#ac ,wylie1 ,c4 ,c4 ,spee* ,popul> ,a/ronomy1 ,vol4 ,,lvi 7#aidh71 p4 #bag4 ,,iii-#ad ,smi?sonian ,a/rophysical ,obs]vatory1 ,! ,,sao ,news1 ,vol4 ,i1 ,no4 #f 7,novemb] #aifa74 ,,iii-#ae ,dean1 ,c4 ,w4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,spangl$ ,,heav',,ns3 ,,/>s ,,& ,,planets ,%ortly be=e dawn on ,m>* #c1 #aiee1 a spectacul> fly+ sauc] appe>$ ov] ,alaska4 ,! witness1 a civilian sci5ti/ ) ! rank ( ,comm&] 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,navy1 0 return+ f ! ,nor? ,pole on ! daily ,air ,=ce ,pt>migan wea!r flight2 8 mission _h be5 to /udy ! effect ( ! aurora on radio propagation1 = ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se4 ,he describ$ 8 exp]i5ce z foll[s3 ,a ,mirage ( ,sirius 8,we 7 fly+ s\?we/ ( ,po9t ,b>r[1 ,alaska1 n f> f ,b]+ ,/rait1 en r\te to ,eielson ,air ,=ce ,base 9 ,fairbanks1 & our c\rse 0 r\ghly s\!a/4 ,! night 0 cle> & ! />s %one brilliantly4 ,i 0 look+ out ( ! we/]n bomb bli/] :5 sudd5ly ,i saw a bright object %oot 9 at trem5d\s spe$ f ! horizon1 directly t[>d ! plane4 ,at fir/ ,i ?\ght x 0 a meteor or a fireball & ,i in/9ctively duck$1 b ! object came to a sudd5 skidd+ /op ab\t #cjj feet away1 !reaft] rid+ along ) our plane & keep+ pace ) our spe$4 ,i c\ld sc>cely believe my eyes4 ,! ?+ possess$ gre5 & r$ signal lights t fla%$ back & =?1 & some?+ t look$ l a light$ propell] on ! top4 ,beyond "q1 x 0 a fly+ sauc]4 8,i wond]$ if ! ?+ might be a halluc9ation1 br\ght on by fatigue4 ,aft] all1 we _h be5 9 ! air almo/ sev5te5 h\rs4 ,i clean$ my spectacles & rubb$ my eyes1 b ! ,sauc] 0 /ill !re1 pac+ ! plane & bobb+ up & d[n z ! plane itself occasionally wove or dipp$4 ,my next ?\ght 0 to elim9ate all possible *ance t ! ?+ 0 an int]nal reflection4 ,i pull$ my fur p>ka up ov] my head & put my face smack aga9/ ! bulg+ surface ( ! bli/] t =m$ ! w9d[4 ,?us %ield$ f all int]nal illum9ation1 ,i c\ld /ill see ! gl[+ object4 ,i next drew a p5cil f my pocket & held x out at arm's l5g?1 & 0 surpris$ to f9d t ! gl[+ disk 0 some:at small] ?an ! eras]4 ,i made a rapid calculation & conclud$ t if ! sph]e 0 actually #cjj feet away1 z x seem$1 !n x 0 only a foot or two 9 diamet]1 n mu* l>g] ?an a basketball4 ,my next ?\ght 0 :e!r "o ( ! radio p>a*utes _h someh[ or o!r got atta*$ to ! plane by ! /r+4 ,^! objects1 brilliantly lit by an electric light1 c be q />tl+4 ,b x _h be5 ne>ly half an h\r s9ce ! la/ p>a*ute release & ! meteorologi/s 7 j gett+ ready to l[] ano!r ?r\gh ! trap4 ,i decid$ to call ! meteorologi/ to look at ! ?+4 ,b be=e ,i c\ld call out1 z if x _h read my m9d ! object sudd5ly took (f at top spe$ & disappe>$4 ,n[ ,i 0 really conc]n$4 ,9 less ?an two seconds ! ,,ufo _h vani%$ ov] ! coa/ ( ,sib]ia1 "s #bjj miles away4 ,x mu/ h be5 travel+ at ! fanta/ic spe$ ( m ?an #ajj miles a second4 ,! ,korean ,w> 0 ov] b our relations ) ! ,soviet ,union 7 /ill t5se1 & ,i wond]$ if ! object might be a secret ,russian missile on reconnaissance4 ,i kept my eyes glu$ to ! po9t :]e ! sauc] _h disappe>$ & sudd5ly1 a c\ple ( m9utes lat]1 x %ot back t[>d ! plane1 m brilliant & spectacul> ?an ! fir/ "t4 8,y c p]haps imag9e my relief :5 ,i sudd5ly realiz$ :at ! object 01 & at ! same "t realiz$ t ,i _h hit on ! answ] to a great _m fly+-sauc] reports ( a simil> nature4 ,only someone famili> ) ! con/ellations c\ld h id5tifi$ ! object4 ,x 0 a mirage ( ,sirius1 ! brighte/ /> 9 ! heav5s4 ,actually ,sirius 0 slightly bel[ ! horizon at ?is "t1 b ! b5d+ ( ! light _h rais$ ! image above ! horizon & _h diffus$ ! beam into ! sauc]like =m4 ,! fla%+ r$ & gre5 lights 7 common ph5om5a associat$ ) /> tw9kl+1 & ! app>5t /ructure1 includ+ ! :irl+ propell]1 result$ f di/ortion by ! e>?'s atmosph]e4 8,b :y _h ! image tak5 (f ! way x did1 & !n ru%$ back8 ,! mov+ plane ( c\rse 0 cont9ually *ang+ position relative to ! gr\nd features4 ,a m\nta9 peak on ! di/ant horizon _h briefly come betwe5 ! plane & ! />1 obscur+ ! light4 ,! light 0 n cut (f all at once1 h[ev]4 ,?us z ! image dimm$ x seem$ to %r9k1 z ?\gh x 7 rac+ away4 ,?is tempor>y b>ri] also expla9$ ! sudd5 /ops & />ts & ! trem5d\s in/antane\s accel]ation ! object seem$ to make at ! in/ant x appe>$4 ,! l>ge atmosph]ic l5s 0 simply focus+ ! light ( ! /> 9 ! g5]al direction ( ! plane & ?us x 0 c5t]$ ) my eye4 ,t is :y ! object seem$ to duplicate ! motion ( ! plane4 8,i wat*$ ! object = sev]al m9utes aft] its return4 ,i 0 able to get full confirmation ( ?is id5tification :5 ! /> rose ov] ! we/]n horizon2 x rose 9 ! we/ because ! s\?w>d motion ( ! plane m ?an comp5sat$ = ! we/w>d rotation ( ! />4 ,& z ,sirius came up f ! horizon1 ! #8fly+ sauc]' sank back into ! brilliant hemisph]e ( />s1 :]e x belong$40 7,! witness 9 ?is case 0 ! s5ior au?or ( ?is book47 ,sirius has inspir$ _m ,,ufo reports4 ,on ,decemb] #aj1 #aieb1 at #g3ae ,p4,m4 ,p4,s4,t41 ! pilot & rad> obs]v] ( an ,f-#id on r\t9e patrol duty 7 ov] ! t[n ( ,odessa1 ,wa%+ton1 at ab\t #bf1jjj feet :5 !y saw a l>ge :ite light 9 ! ea/,,iv-#a4 ,dim r$di%-:ite lights seem$ to be com+ f 8w9d[s10 & no trail or exhau/ 0 visible4 ,! pilot attempt$ to int]cept b ! object p]=m$ amaz+ feats--did a *&elle 9 front ( ! plane1 ru%$ away1 /opp$1 & !n made /raight = ! aircraft on a collision c\rse at incr$ible spe$4 ,! pilot bank$ away to avoid collision1 & aft]w>d 0 n able to locate ! object4 ,! rad> man !n got a brief return b soon lo/ contact4 ,al?\gh ! visual & rad> contacts _h n co9cid$1 bo? m5 assum$ t !y ref]r$ to ! same object,,iv-#b1 p4 #fe4 ,inve/igators sugge/$ at fir/ t ! object might h be5 "o ( ! ,telemuk balloons1 b ?is idea _h to be disc>d$ & ! sight+ 0 li/$ z ,unkn[n4 ,a review ( ! evid5ce by ! pres5t au?ors sugge/s a highly probable explanation4 ,above ! l[ cl\d cov] at #cjjj feet ! night 0 cle> & moonless4 ,9 ! ea/1 ,sirius 0 j ris+ ov] ! horizon at ! exact be>+ ( ! unkn[n object4 ,atmosph]ic refraction w\ld h produc$ exactly ! ph5om5on describ$4 ,! same atmosph]ic conditions t caus$ ! mirage ( ! /> w\ld h caus$ anomal\s rad> returns 7see ,*apt] ,,viii74 ,e>?'s ,di/ort+ ,atmosph]e ,9 ev]yday life we (t5 look at famili> objects ?r\gh a di/ort+ m$ium4 ,h\ses & p]sons se5 ?r\gh a pane ( poor w9d[ glass look peculi> & wrongly %ap$1 & images ( trees & cl\ds reflect$ 9 a pool or a /ream ( rippl+ wat] may cont9ually %ift & break1 b ^! di/ortions d n deceive u because we are us$ to !m4 ,! *ild :o /&s be=e ! crazy mirrors 9 an amusem5t p>k may laugh at himself = look+ s fat or s ?91 s tall or s %ort4 ,kn[+ t ! image is only a ludicr\s approximation to 8 real appe>ance1 he is able to recognize himself )\t difficulty4 ,b a /rang]1 plac$ s t he c\ld see only ! di/ort$ image & n ! p]son :o made x c\ld n make ! necess>y corrections & probably w\ld n recognize ! *ild if !y met 9 ! /reet4 ,l w9d[ glass1 wat]1 or mirrors1 a m]e lay] ( air c di/ort an image4 ,= ! a/ronom]1 ! e>?'s atmosph]e is a lifelong fru/ration4 ,act+ z an imp]fect l5s1 x cont9ually falsifies ! true position1 color1 size1 & %ape ( ! heav5ly bodies he tries to /udy4 ,"u c]ta9 conditions x c *ange ! image ( a /> or a planet into an unrecognizable /rang]4 ,:5 light ent]s ! atmosph]e1 ! rays are b5t or 8refract$0 s t ! image is mov$ upw>d1 some:]e above ! true position ( ! /> 7see ,figure #f74 ,:5 we are admir+ a sunset & ?9k we are wat*+ ! v top rim ( ! s9k+ sun z x drops bel[ ! horizon1 we are actually see+ only its project$ image4 ,! sun itself has already set1 b its light is b5t upw>d by ! air t cl+s to ! e>?'s surface4 ,! great] ! d5sity ( ! air1 ! great] ! displacem5t ( ! image4 ,if !re 7 no air at ! e>?'s surface1 ! sun w\ld vani% & d>kness w\ld come in/antane\sly1 ) no int]v5+ p]iod ( twilight4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #f4 ,b5d+ ( light by ! atmosph]e4 ,a /> bel[ ! horizon is visible because refraction raises ! image4 ,a />'s light does n b5d uni=mly1 h[ev]4 ,light rays ( diff]5t wave l5g?s b5d at diff]5t angles1 s t :5 :ite light is scatt]$ or 8disp]s$0 into its compon5t colors1 ! blues & gre5s are b5t m ?an ! r$s4 ,! d5sity & ! temp]ature ( ! air also affect ! beam1 s t z a />'s light travels f ! ?9 upp] atmosph]e to ! d5s] air ne> ! e>?1 ! colors %ift con/antly & ! /> seems to tw9kle1 flick]1 & *ange 9 color & brightness4 ,su* *anges are mo/ noticeable :5 a /> is l[ on ! horizon at dawn or at dusk1 s t its light rea*es u only aft] travel+ ?r\gh miles ( d5se atmosph]e4 ,! sun displays ^! effects dramatically4 ,at sunrise & sunset its scatt]$ light may illum9ate ! entire horizon4 ,cl\ds turn r$ & gold1 hills & ! tops ( build+s take on a ruddy gl[1 & ! entire sky may flame4 ,! r$ wave l5g?s rema91 :ile mo/ ( ! blues & gre5s h be5 scatt]$ out ( ! beam or may appe> briefly at ! top ( ! sun's disk1 z a 8gre5 fla%10 at ! in/ant x s9ks bel[ ! horizon4 ,simil>ly1 a /> or planet obs]v$ l[ on ! horizon at sunrise or sunset may appe> extraord9>ily l>ge & brilliant4 ,x may seem to h /ructure1 %[+ an int5se r$ gl[ at ! bottom & bright blue at ! top4 ,wat*+ x1 ! />tl$ obs]v] may see ! object app>5tly 9 motion1 hov]+1 pulsat+1 & fla%+ r$ & gre5 lights4 ,if he is s incl9$1 he c easily int]pret ! image z a /range ma*9e1 ! r$ z ! gl[ f an exhau/1 & ! blue z ! illum9ation sy/em ( an int]planet>y craft4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #g4 ,displacem5t ( light image by temp]ature inv]sion4 ,normally ! air is w>me/ at ! surface ( ! e>? & /eadily gets cold] at great] & great] heights4 ,sometimes ?is condition is rev]s$1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! broad des]ts & prairies ( ! ,s\?we/1 :]e ! *anges betwe5 ! day's heat & ! night's cold may be sudd5 & extreme4 ,! gr\nd cools (f rapidly dur+ ! night & imp>ts ?is coldness to ! lay] ( air imm$iately above4 ,?us ! air may be w>m] "s di/ance above ! gr\nd4 ,:5 su* a 8temp]ature inv]sion0 occurs1 light go+ ?r\gh ! air b5ds 9 a peculi> way 7see ,figure #g71 s t ! image is displac$ f> m ?an normally4 ,! inv]sion may produce fuzzy or greatly di/ort$ images1 & :5 !re are sev]al lay]s ( alt]nat+ hot & cold air1 ! effects may be spectacul>4 ,at ! b\nd>ies betwe5 ! lay]s ! di/ortion & displacem5t increase greatly4 ,a /> or a planet se5 ?r\gh su* an atmosph]e may display app>5tly viol5t motions1 peculi> %apes1 & fanta/ic color *anges2 light cl\ds drift+ ov] ! bright />s may increase ?is illusion ( motion,,iv-#c4 ,! ris+ or sett+ sun1 al?\gh actually bel[ ! horizon1 may project upw>d sev]al images ( itself1 "o on ! top ( ano!r1 to =m a k9d ( ,*9ese pagoda1 or a 8bell pepp]40 ,& ! tw9kl+ top rung ( ! pagoda may simulate a :irl+ propell]4 ,! 8,:ipp+ ,girl0 ( ,sauc]dom ,! planets are w&]]s4 ,ea* day !y move to a new position among ! con/ellations4 ,a/ronom]s & navigators h le>n$ ! pa?s ( ! planets & ! positions ( ! brighte/ fix$ />s1 b mo/ ( u1 :5 we look up at ! night sky & see a brilliant /rang] among ! famili> /> gr\ps1 mu/ cudgel our bra9s to acc\nt = x4 ,accord+ to our dispositions1 we may consult a newspap] or telephone an obs]vatory to f9d out ! "n ( ! intrud]1 or we may conclude t ! unkn[n is an ali5 spacecraft4 ,! planet ,v5us has be5 *as$ at lea/ once by patrolm5 9 a squad c>1 has sev]al times caus$ ! scrambl+ ( jet int]ceptors1 & has be5 nam$ ! culprit 9 s _m ,,ufo my/]ies t sauc] en?usia/s some:at cynically ref] to x z 8! :ipp+ girl0 ( sauc]dom4 ,! brighte/ ( ! planets & ! close/ to e>?1 ,v5us nev] moves m ?an #de degrees f ! sun & ?us is mo/ (t5 visible 9 our skies ne> sunrise or sunset1 prec$+ or foll[+ ! sun4 ,! app>5t size ( ! planet v>ies accord+ to its di/ance f ! e>? & its phase4 ,:5 x is f>!/ f ! e>?1 ! disk has a diamet] ( t5 seconds2 at its close/1 ! diamet] has gr[n sixfold1 to sixty-f\r seconds4 ,! human eye & ! ord9>y cam]a see x z a brilliant :ite />4 ,be+ ne>] ! sun1 ,v5us receives almo/ twice z mu* light f ! sun z does ! e>?1 & :5 at greate/ brilliance1 c be se5 9 ! daytime sky4 ,view$ mom5t>ily ?r\gh rapidly mov+ cirrus cl\ds1 x may seem to be rac+ across ! sky l a fly+ sauc]1 b a long] look w reveal t ! object is actually mak+ v sl[ progress1 l a planet,,iv-#d4 ,to ! airman 9 ! cockpit ( a plane1 ! planet 9 ! dawn sky c be a brea?tak+ sight4 ,z "o vet]an pilot has describ$ ! exp]i5ce1 8,v5us rose to signal me f ! ea/]n horizon1 s brilliant & inconsi/5t 9 color1 *ang+ at once f yell[ to gre5 to purple & !n rev]s+ ! %[1 t ,i ?\ght = a "t x 0 ano!r aircraft equipp$ ) special light+ devices4 ,b ,v5us /eadi$ 9 "t1 prov+ its id5tity40,,iv-#e ,dur+ ! spr+ ( #aief ,v5us /imulat$ an unusual am\nt ( fly+-sauc] excitem5t4 ,ab\t #i3jj ,e4,s4,t4 on ! nights ( ,m>* #bj1 #ba1 & #bb1 doz5s ( p]sons 9 ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio1 telephon$ ! newspap]s & ! local headqu>t]s ( ,civilian ,rese>* ,int]planet>y ,fly+ ,objects 7,,crifo71 to report an unid5tifi$ fly+ object t 0 burn+ 8l a beacon0 9 ! we/]n sky4 ,a report] = ! ,c9c9nati ,enquir] /at$3 8,to ! nak$ eye1 ! object appe>$ to be an extraord9>ily int5se blui% :ite light 444 ?r\gh b9ocul>s1 ! object appe>$ to be a compact galaxy ( lights1 *ang+ =m z !y revolv$ sl[ly4 ,at "o po9t1 ) b9ocul>s set slightly out ( focus1 x assum$ ! appe>ance ( a diamond broo* r+$ ) em]alds turn+ lazily on an ecc5tric axis40 ,! object 0 visible = ne>ly an h\r1 mov$ sl[ly to ! nor?we/1 & disappe>$4 ,a/ronom]s quickly id5tifi$ ! unkn[n z ,v5us4 ,to ! sauc] en?usia/s1 h[ev]1 x appe>$ z a l[-fly+ lum9\s object ) swept-back w+s1 hov]+ 9 ! we/1 mak+ no s\nd1 & display+ colors t *ang$ f r$ to :ite4 ,:ile admitt+ t "s ( ! report$ sight+s might h be5 ,v5us1 ! editor ( ,orbit 7! (ficial publication ( ,,crifo7 argu$ t an object t *ang$ %ape & sp>kl$ l diamonds & em]alds c\ld n possibly be ,v5us4 ,he /at$ 8t ! public %\ld "k t out ( sev5te5 ,,ufo reports receiv$ = a ?ree day p]iod1 t5 7 expla9able z ,v5us b six 7 n6 ,^! /ubborn six defi$ all conv5tional explanation40,,iv-#f ,:ile ! fate ( ! sev5te5? ,,ufo may require fur!r explanation1 ! fly+ sauc] reports did n (f] a real puzzle4 ,! "t1 ! position1 ! colors1 & ! app>5t motions ( ! object 7 entirely consi/5t ) ^? expect$ = ! planet "u ! prevail+ atmosph]ic conditions4 ,dr4 ,paul ,h]get ( ! ,c9c9nati ,obs]vatory _h easily id5tifi$ ! 8my/]i\s0 object4 ,he add$ t ,v5us w\ld cont9ue to get bright] & bright] until ! middle ( ,may1 & t ! numb] ( ,u,f,os sight$ w\ld probably increase correspond+ly4 ,he 0 "r4 ,less ?an ?ree weeks aft] ! excitem5t 9 ,c9c9nati1 ,v5us inspir$ "o ( ! mo/ notori\s 8,unkn[ns0 9 ! hi/ory ( sauc]dom1 "o t evok$ *>ges ( fraud1 falsehood1 & conspiracy on a gr& scale4 ,! ,ryan ,case ,an ,am]ican ,airl9es plane _h j tak5 (f on a flight f ,albany to ,syracuse1 ,new ,york1 on ! night ( ,april #h1 #aief4 ,! sky 0 cle> ) a v ?9 ov]ca/4 ,at #aj3ae ,e4,s4,t41 :ile at ab\t #fjjj feet ov] ,s*5ectady1 ,capta9 ,ryan & 8 fir/ (fic] sight$ an unid5tifi$ fly+ object & report$ x to ,griffis ,air ,=ce ,base4 ,bright orange 9 color1 x gl[$ ahead ( ! plane 9 ! nor?we/]n sky4 ,at fir/ x seem$ to be travel+ at great spe$1 #hjj to #ajjj miles an h\r4 ,!n x appe>$ to sl[ d[n to ! plane's spe$1 ab\t #bej miles an h\r1 & !reaft] kept a /eady di/ance ahead4 ,! t[] op]ators at ! ,albany & ,wat]t[n airports also saw ! object1 z did ! crews ( f\r o!r plane flights1 :o decid$ x 0 probably a /> or a planet4 ,! %ift sup]visor on duty 9 ! t[] at ,griffis ,air ,=ce ,base1 al]t$ by ,capta9 ,ryan1 0 able to obs]ve ! unkn[n ?r\gh b9ocul>s4 ,he describ$ x z app>5tly r\nd1 l>g] ?an any />1 at an e/imat$ altitude ( #cjjj or #djjj feet2 :5 fir/ sight$ x look$ :ite ) an orange t9t b aft] ab\t t5 m9utes *ang$ to orange ) a r$ t9t4 ,dur+ ! tw5ty-?ree m9utes he wat*$ x1 ! unkn[n sl[ly desc5d$ ov] ! horizon4 ,int]ceptors f ,griffis ,air ,=ce ,base 7 scrambl$ 7,air ,=ce j>gon mean+ to take (f & pursue z quickly z possible7 at #aj3dh & #aj3eb1 b return$ to base )\t f9d+ any?+4 ,capta9 ,ryan1 hav+ wat*$ ! object dur+ mo/ ( ! flight1 l&$ 8 plane at ,syracuse & made ! cu/om>y report4 ,! newspap] acc\nts t foll[$ caus$ a %ort-liv$ fly+-sauc] sc>e1 b :5 (ficials f ,,atic inve/igat$ !y _h no difficulty 9 solv+ ! my/]y4 ,! evid5ce 0 pla9 & unmi/akable4 ,! object 0 ! planet ,v5us4 ,accord+ to ! reports ( ,capta9 ,ryan & ! o!r obs]v]s 9 ! air & on ! gr\nd1 ! object 0 l[ 9 ! nor?we/2 e/imates ( its azimu? v>i$ f #bij to #ccj degrees4 ,a plot ( ! planet's actual position at #aj3bj ,p4,m41 :5 ! ,,ufo 0 fir/ pick$ up by ! t[] op]ator at ,griffis ,air ,=ce ,base1 %[$ t ,v5us 0 slightly above ! horizon at an azimu? ( #cja degrees1 & t x set at #cjd degrees at ab\t #aj3db 7:5 all[ance is made = ! effects ( atmosph]ic refraction7--! "t ! ,,ufo disappe>$ f ! view ( ! ,griffis obs]v]s4 ,( ! f\r o!r comm]cial & milit>y pilots :o report$ ! object1 all describ$ x z ess5tially /ation>y1 & all positively id5tifi$ x z ,v5us4 ,9 confirmation1 ! gl[+ light reappe>$ ! foll[+ night at ! same "t & position4 ,! int]cept+ jets _h n be5 able to f9d ! alleg$ ,,ufo because by ! "t !y left ! gr\nd1 ar\nd #aj3ej1 ! planet _h already set,,iv-#a4 ,!re ! matt] %\ld h end$4 ,! puzzle 0 solv$1 & =gott5 by all b a few sauc] addicts4 ,"s twelve mon?s lat]1 h[ev]1 ,major ,donald ,keyhoe reop5$ ! case4 ,z ! new ,director ( ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee = ,a]ial ,ph5om5a1 commonly kn[n z ,,nicap 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii71 he *>g$ ! ,air ,=ce ) conceal+ ! true facts ( ! incid5t1 & himself tri$ to get 9 t\* ) ,capta9 ,ryan to obta9 in=mation to support ! *>ge4 ,receiv+ no answ] to lett]s or telephone calls1 ,major ,keyhoe !n gave 8 /ory to c]ta9 gov]nm5t ag5cies4 ,us+ z evid5ce a newspap] acc\nt,,iv-#g & int]pretations ( ,capta9 ,ryan's rem>ks 9 a ,,tv int]view1 ,,nicap alleg$ t ! object sight$ on ,april #h1 #aief1 _h be5 a ,,ufo2 t ! capta91 on ord]s f ,griffis ,air ,=ce ,base1 _h ab&on$ 8 s*$ul$ r\te to *ase ! unkn[n craft1 _h lo/ x some:]e ov] ,lake ,ont>io1 _h !n turn$ back & l&$ at ,syracuse &1 f9ally1 t 8 flight log mu/ h be5 falsifi$ to conceal ! facts ( ?is pursuit,,iv-#h4 ,! orig9al "q1 ! id5tity ( an unkn[n object1 0 all b =gott54 ,9 lett]s1 telegrams1 & telephone calls to v>i\s (ficials ( ,am]ican ,airl9es1 ,congress1 ! ,air ,=ce1 ! ,civil ,a]onautics ,bo>d1 & ! ,civil ,aviation ,au?ority1 ,,nicap reque/$ an (ficial inve/igation ( ! incid5t4 ,! fir/ reque/s evok$ no response b cont9u$ ef=ts 7 successful4 ,aft] h9ts ( publicity & ( possible s5atorial int]e/1 ! beleagu]$ ag5cies at la/ yield$ to ,,nicap pressure & reop5$ ! case4 ,capta9 ,ryan1 a reliable (fic] ) tw5ty-?ree ye>s' exp]i5ce z a pilot1 0 subject$ to (ficial int]rogation4 ,busy gov]nm5t bureaus 7 =c$ to inve/ fur!r "t1 money1 & en]gy to confirm facts t _h nev] be5 9 d\bt4 ,to ! ,civil ,aviation ,au?ority 7,,caa71 ,capta9 ,ryan repli$ t he _h obs]v$ an unid5tifi$ object1 b t he _h n alt]$ ! c\rse ( 8 flight4 ,he repeat$ ?is explicit /atem5t to (ficials ( ! ,civil ,a]onautics ,bo>d 7,,cab7 & ( ,am]ican ,airl9es4 ,airl9e records provid$ indep5d5t confirmation4 ,s9ce ! s*$ul$ "t ( ! flight betwe5 ,albany & ,syracuse _h be5 #di m9utes1 & ! actual "t elaps$ on ! night 9 "q _h be5 #dh m9utes1 he c\ld n possibly h sp5t "t 9 mak+ a det\r ov] ,lake ,ont>io z alleg$4 ,^! decl>ations1 accord+ to ,,nicap1 7 wor?less4 ,!y m]ely prov$ t ,capta9 ,ryan _h giv5 false answ]s to 8 que/ion]s2 t ! gov]nm5t ag5cies involv$ knew ! answ]s 7 false2 & t a gigantic conspiracy exi/$ to suppress ! tru?4 ,among ^? sugge/$ z possible memb]s,,iv-#h 7 ! ,am]ican ,airl9es ,company1 ! ,civil ,a]onautics ,bo>d1 ! ,civil ,aviation ,ag5cy1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce1 & possibly ev5 ! ,c5tral ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy & ! ,national ,security ,c\ncil6 ,sauc] publications /ill li/ ?is sight+ ( ,v5us z an ,unkn[n4 ,v5us z a ,morn+ ,/> ,"o ( ! 8be/0 ,u,f,os ( ! ye> #aiej appe>$ :5 ,v5us p]=m$ 9 pla9 sight ( ! ,,atic (fices at ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,dayton1 ,ohio,,iv-#b1 p4 #ajc4 ,ab\t midmorn+ on ,m>* #h a ,,twa plane1 com+ 9 to l& at ,dayton municipal airport1 0 circl+ to get into ! traffic patt]n :5 bo? pilot & copilot notic$ an extremely bright light hov]+ 9 ! s\!a/4 ,mu* bright] & l>g] ?an a />1 x appe>$ & disappe>$ 9 ! high1 ?ick1 scatt]$ cl\ds4 ,! t[] op]ators1 :o also saw x1 imm$iately telephon$ ! ,ohio ,air ,national ,gu>d & (ficials at ,,atic4 ,)9 m9utes ! ,,ufo _h attract$ an audi5ce ( exceptionally well-qualifi$ obs]v]s4 ,air ,=ce exp]ts on unid5tifi$ fly+ objects wat*$ x f ! gr\nd1 te*nicians /udi$ returns on ! rad> scre5s at ! laboratory at ,wright ,field1 & ! pilots ( two ha/ily scrambl$ ,f-#eas tri$ to int]cept x4 ,! rad> op]ators1 :o report$ returns f bo? ,,ufo & pursuit planes1 call$ ! pilots & vector$ !m 9 t[>d ! t>get4 ,bo? pilots c\ld see ! light at fir/1 b :5 !y _h climb$ to ab\t #ae1jjj feet !y f\nd !mselves 9 cl\ds s ?ick t nei!r c\ld see ! o!r plane1 & ! unkn[n 0 no long] visible4 ,s9ce gr\nd rad> report$ t ! planes 7 gett+ clos] to ! t>get1 ! pilots decid$ to cont9ue1 on in/rum5ts1 b !y sep>at$ to avoid ! dang] ( collid+ ) ea* o!r4 ,9 a few seconds !y 7 deep 9 d5se cl\d4 ,fly+ conditions 7 f> worse ?an !y _h expect$ & ! planes 7 ic+ up fa/4 ,nev]!less ! pilots kept climb+ until gr\nd rad> advis$ !m t !y 7 almo/ on t>get4 ,realiz+ t if a solid object actually 7 ahead ( !m !y w\ld hit x be=e !y c\ld see x1 ! pilots imm$iately desc5d$ to bel[ ! cl\ds & circl$1 hop+ = a break 9 ! ov]ca/1 until gr\nd rad> report$ t ! t>get 0 fad+ fa/4 ,! planes !n l&$4 ,:5 ! cl\ds broke mom5t>ily1 aft] ab\t an h\r1 ! ,,ufo 0 n visible4 ,a conf]5ce took place at ,,atic t aft]noon to discuss ! id5tity ( ! my/]i\s light & ! cause ( ! rad> e*oes4 ,a *eck %[$ t ! position ( ! ,,ufo _h be5 id5tical ) t ( ,v5us4 ,! light1 ! conf]5ce conclud$1 _h be5 ,v5us4 ,"o pilot lat] disagre$1 argu+ t ! light _h n look$ to him l a planet & t if ! object _h be5 ,v5us x %\ld h appe>$1 b did n1 at ! same "t on ! foll[+ day4 ,b ! wea!r conditions ! fir/ day w\ld h di/ort$ ! image & made x unlike ! pale light ( ,v5us occasionally visible 9 ! daytime4 ,x 0 n visible at all ! foll[+ day because ( diff]5t wea!r conditions4 ,! rad> returns1 ! inve/igators f\nd1 _h come f ! ice-lad5 cl\ds & 7 unrelat$ to ! light4 ,bo? planes _h enc\nt]$ unexpect$ly sev]e ic+ conditions :i* increas$ z !y approa*$ ! c5t] ( ! cl\d4 ,rad>1 track+ _! c\rse dur+ ^! mom5ts1 _h %[n ! planes approa*+ close to ! unkn[n t>get4 ,all ! evid5ce1 ! rad> exp]ts agre$1 indicat$ t ! unkn[n t>get 0 ice,,iv-#a4 ,v5us z an ,ev5+ ,/> ,9 ! spr+ ( #aiei ,v5us aga91 ?is "t 9 ! ev5+1 caus$ reports ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,at #f3bj ,p4,m4 on ,m>* #ac1 a cle> ev5+ ) visibility ( ab\t fifte5 miles1 an unid5tifi$ fly+ object 0 sight$ 9 ! we/]n sky ne> ,dulu?1 ,m9nesota,,iv-#a4 ,witnesses describ$ its %ape z tubul> or r\nd & its color z r$1 orange1 gre51 or :ite4 ,two int]ceptors ( ! ,air ,def5se ,comm& 7 scrambl$ to inve/igate & head$ = ! object at top spe$s1 b !y c\ld get no clos] & ev5tually gave up ! *ase & l&$4 ,milit>y p]sonnel at gr\nd /ations & 9 ! air obs]v$ ! object visually & pick$ up rad> returns2 x disappe>$1 aft] ab\t ?irty m9utes1 by fad+ f sight4 ,al?\gh ?is spectacul> unkn[n _h seem$ to keep pace ) ! aircraft1 at times ru%+ t[>d ! planes on a collision c\rse & at o!r times rev]s+ direction & rac+ away1 all witnesses agre$ t ! object _h rema9$ at a magnetic be>+ ( approximately #cjj degrees4 ,! rad> scre5 at ! gr\nd /ation _h be5 photograph$ & ! film 0 =w>d$ to ,,atic at ,dayton4 ,analysis %[$ t ! e*oes _h n come f a real t>get b 7 8angels0 caus$ by int]f]5ce 7see ,*apt] ,,viii74 ,"s op]ators _h report$ %>p contacts1 o!rs fuzzy2 on "s sets ! t>get _h fad$ sudd5ly1 on o!rs x ru%$ (f ! scope at incr$ible spe$s4 ,contact 0 int]mitt5t1 = %ort p]iods ( f t5 seconds to a m9ute1 & ea* new contact gave a diff]5t position = ! t>get4 ,at ! "t ( ! sight+ ,v5us 0 j on ! we/]n horizon1 at ! same position occupi$ by ! unkn[n1 & probably w\ld h be5 invisible except = ! refraction by ! e>?'s atmosph]e4 ,lay]s ( air ) diff]5t temp]atures _h produc$ ! app>5t motion & *anges 9 color4 ,! object _h ma9ta9$ ! same size & relative position dur+ ! entire p]iod ( obs]vation2 x disappe>$ by fad+ f sight1 s9k+ f>!r bel[ ! horizon4 ,! foll[+ night1 "u simil> atmosph]ic conditions1 ! object reappe>$ 9 ! same position4 ,! unkn[n 0 positively id5tifi$ z ,v5us4 ,v5us 0 aga9 report$ z a ,,ufo on ! night ( ,octob] #ai1 #aiei1 9 ,korea4 ,an obs]v] report$ a cresc5t-%ap$ silv] object mov+ v sl[ly t[>d ! we/4 ,obs]v+ x = ?ree h\rs & tw5ty m9utes ?r\gh ! telescope ( a transit1 he obta9$ v exact data on ! be>+ & altitude1 :i* provid$ ! facts requir$ = id5tification4 ,! object mov$ we/w>d at a rate ( approximately #ab degrees an h\r1 a rate close to ! rotational velocity ( ! e>? & ! app>5t rotational velocity ( ! />s4 ,v5us at ! "t occupi$ exactly ! same position z ! object1 & w5t bel[ ! horizon %ortly aft] ! report$ sight+,,iv-#a4 ,! ,rotat+ ,lights ( ,japan ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s exploits ( ,v5us took place ov] ,japan & ,korea 9 ,decemb] #aieb & ,janu>y #aiec4 ,! result+ ,u,f,os1 publiciz$ z 8,! ,rotat+ ,lights ( ,japan10 7 automatically id5tifi$ z space%ips by sauc]ians4 ,not+ ! simil>ity to ! 8foo balls0 (t5 se5 by airm5 dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii1 h[ev]1 ,dr4 ,m5zel conclud$ t ! lights 7 probably a type ( foo ball1 8an exceptional mirage40,,iv-#i1 p4 #if ,! rotat+ cycle ( colors sugge/$ t ! atmosph]e 0 act+ to break up & disp]se ! compon5t colors ( a lum9\s image1 displac$ f its true position4 ,)\t precise in=mation on ! "t1 position1 & direction ( motion ( ! unkn[n1 ?is !ory c\ld n !n be sub/antiat$4 ,dur+ ! prep>ation ( ?is book1 h[ev]1 ! au?ors 7 able to exam9e ! orig9al data on file at ,,atic & to obta9 ! facts necess>y = a complete solution4 ,! drama began on ,decemb] #bi1 :5 ,u,f,os 7 report$ at _m po9ts ov] nor!rn ,hon%u1 ! ma9 isl& ( ,japan1 & cont9u$ ) simil> sight+s1 p>ticul>ly on ,janu>y #i & ,janu>y #ba4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,decemb] #bi ! pilot ( an ,f-#hd-;,g plane1 engag$ 9 local-area night fly+1 ov]he>d a radio-telephone conv]sation betwe5 ano!r plane & a rad> /ation on ! gr\nd report+ an unusual light 9 ! we/]n sky4 ,al?\gh ! sky 0 ?9ly ov]ca/ at #hjjj to #aj1jjj feet1 he 0 f> above ! cl\ds1 fly+ 9 brilliant moonlight ) a visibility ( at lea/ =ty miles4 ,at #g3dh ,p4,m4 local "t1 :ile at #bg1jjj feet1 he obs]v$ an unid5tifi$ object above & almo/ due we/ ( 8 plane4 ,turn+ (f all 8 lights to make sure t ! object 0 n m]ely a reflection ( 8 own canopy1 he climb$ aft] ! unkn[n & kept x 9 view = ?ree m9utes1 !n lo/ x briefly4 ,he soon locat$ x aga9 at #ce1jjj feet1 :5 he seem$ to be level ) ! object & tri$ to close 9 on x4 ,dur+ ?is second sight+ he obs]v$ x = ab\t five m9utes be=e ! light disappe>$ 9 ! we/4 ,! pilot 0 a man ( unusual exp]i5ce1 9 comm& ( a fight] escort w+1 & well aw>e ( ! illusions a fly] c exp]i5ce at night4 ,he 0 also a rem>kably accurate & res\rceful obs]v]1 s t 8 report to ,intellig5ce inve/igators is a model ( exact /atem5t4 ,if all su* reports 7 simil>ly precise & complete1 few ,u,f,os w\ld rema9 unid5tifi$ & ! civilian sauc] gr\ps w\ld h to disb& 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii74 ,c>efully sep>at+ :at he obs]v$ f :at he conclud$1 ! pilot /at$ t ! object look$ l>g] ?an ! />s or any planet2 he assum$ t x 0 circul>1 b c\ld n det]m9e ! actual %ape4 ,he c\ld n det]m9e :e!r ! object 0 sil5t or noisy because ! noise ( 8 own motors w\ld h prev5t$ 8 he>+ any s\nd f ! unkn[n4 ,! object seem$ to %[ a clu/] ( lights1 r$1 :ite1 & gre51 :i* sl[ly rotat$ 9 a c\nt]clockwise direction f ea/ to we/2 "o complete cycle ( revolution requir$ a "t e/imat$ at f\r to eight seconds4 ,! %ift+ ( ! ?ree colors dur+ ! cycle resembl$ ! rotat+ colors 9 "s jukeboxes1 & ! effect 0 ph5om5al4 8,z ^! colors rotat$ 9 ! body ( ! object1 at times ! entire body 0 "o solid color1 ei!r :ite1 gre51 or r$1 b 9 ! process ( complet+ a revolution ! body 0 frequ5tly fractionally r$1 :ite1 or :ite-gre51 plus ! o!r possible comb9ations ( ! ?ree colors40 ,also !re seem$ to be ?ree beams ( :ite light radiat+ out f ! ma9 body 9 /raight %afts :i*1 unlike ! colors1 did n *ange _! relative positions b rema9$ con/ant at positions ( r\ghly #aa3jj1 #e3jj1 & #g3jj4 ,no ph5om5on t might be an exhau/ 0 obs]v$4 ,z to motion & behavior1 ! object seem$ to travel exactly p>allel to ! plane & ma9ta9$ a con/ant di/ance 9 spite ( ! pilot's attempts to int]cept x at spe$s ( ar\nd #ejj miles an h\r4 ,at no "t did x execute any maneuv]s except = a gradual *ange ( direction dur+ ! two obs]vations4 ,! sight+ end$ :5 ! lights vani%$ 9 ! we/,,iv-#a4 ,^! rotat+ lights 7 also se5 by ! crew ( an ,f-#id int]ceptor :o wat*$ !m = ab\t =ty m9utes1 by ! crew ( a ,b-#bf bomb] :o wat*$ !m = ab\t sev5 m9utes1 & by v>i\s gr\nd obs]v]s4 ,to make a positive id5tification1 ! inve/igator mu/ "k ! wea!r conditions1 ! be>+ ( ! obs]v+ aircraft1 & ! position ( ! object4 ,atmosph]ic conditions 7 f\nd to be conducive to ! =mation ( mirages4 ,at ! "t ( ! fir/ sight+ on ,decemb] #bi1 ! obs]v+ plane 0 head$ slightly to ! ea/ ( nor?2 ! ,,ufo 0 9 ! we/1 app>5tly travel+ nor? on a c\rse p>allel ) t ( ! plane4 ,aft] ! pilot lo/ sight ( ! object1 he circl$ & hunt$ & 0 fly+ slightly ea/ ( s\? :5 he aga9 pick$ up ! object1 :i* 0 /ill 9 ! we/4 ,a *eck ( ! a/ronomical situation %[$ t ! sun _h set ab\t ?ree h\rs be=e ! sight+4 ,v5us 0 foll[+ r\ghly ?ree h\rs beh9d ! sun & 0 extremely brilliant1 ) a magnitude ( ne>ly -#d4j4 ,at #g3dh ,p4,m41 :5 ! pilot sight$ ! unkn[n1 ! planet 0 ab\t #c degrees above ! we/]n horizon4 ,:5 ,v5us f9ally sank b5ea? ! horizon & disappe>$1 ! 8unkn[n0 also vani%$4 ,! simil> ,u,f,os report$ f ,japan dur+ ! same p]iod1 on ,janu>y #i & ,janu>y #ba1 #aiec1 7 also mirages ( ! planet ,v5us4 ,! cases ( 8,! ,rotat+ ,lights ( ,japan0 9 ! ,air ,=ce file on ,u,f,os h n[ be5 %ift$ f ! category 8,unkn[n0 to ! category 8,solv$40 ,9 _m o!r ,,ufo cases ( ! 8rotat+ lights0 v>iety1 ! ,air ,=ce has positively id5tifi$ ! unkn[n z ! planet ,jupit]4 ,u,f,os & ! ,opposition ( ,m>s ,v5us is n ! only heav5ly body to simulate a fly+ sauc]4 ,jupit] & ev5 ,m]cury1 ! smalle/ ( ! planets1 h inspir$ _! %>e ( ,u,f,os4 ,m>s1 :i* c also be v bright1 has frequ5tly be5 report$ z a space%ip4 ,on ,june #ba1 #aieb1 an ,f-#dg aircraft 0 on r\t9e patrol ov] ! ,atomic ,en]gy ,commission in/allation at ,oak ,ridge1 ,t5nessee1 :5 at #aj3eh ,p4,m4 a spott] f ! ,gr\nd ,obs]v] ,corps in=m$ ! pilot t a sl[-mov+ craft 0 mov+ 9 ! area at v high altitude4 ,at ab\t ! same "t ! pilot obs]v$ a bl9k+ :ite light1 ( no def9ite %ape & ) no exhau/ or trail1 app>5tly mak+ passes at him4 ,= ! next eighte5 m9utes ! pilot tri$ va9ly to int]cept ! unkn[n4 ,! plane 0 at #ae1jjj feet1 mov+ at ab\t #bej knots4 ,z ! pilot turn$ to meet ! pass1 ! ,,ufo w\ld pull up "s #djjj to #ejjj feet above ! plane & !n move 9 aga94 ,:5 ! plane rea*$ #bb1jjj feet1 ! ,,ufo appe>$ to make a f9al dive f #bh1jjj feet1 pull$ back up to its previ\s altitude1 & !n disappe>$4 ,! pilot's reaction is indicat$ by 8 answ] to "o ( ! r\t9e que/ions on ! ,air ,=ce report =m3 8,did y /op at any "t dur+ ! sight+80 ,8 reply read3 8,ha ,ha60 ,inve/igat+ ! incid5t1 (ficials f ,,atic at fir/ suspect$ t ! object might h be5 a balloon1 releas$ z a hoax2 only a few weeks e>li] a crank _h laun*$ a flight ( balloons ne> ,oak ,ridge & _h be5 caught4 ,b aft] int]view+ ! witnesses1 ! inve/igators conclud$ t ! ,,ufo 0 f> m probably ! planet ,m>s4 ,z s (t5 happ5s1 h[ev]1 !y c\ld n conv]t ! 8probable0 into a 8positive0 id5tification because !y lack$ "o ess5tial fact3 ! be>+ ( ! aircraft,,iv-#a4 ,"s fly+-sauc] en?usia/s consid] ,m>s z ! probable home port ( _m space%ips1 :i* alleg$ly visit ! e>? 9 p>ticul>ly l>ge numb]s :5 ,m>s is 9 opposition--! po9t 9 its pa? t is ne>e/ ! e>?2 ^! %ips suppos$ly seize ! *ance to hop ov] to e>? :5 ! di/ance betwe5 ! two planets is at a m9imum4 ,x is to be hop$ t ! ,m>tians1 if any1 are m compet5t navigators ?an ! t]re/rial sauc]ians :o propose ?is !ory4 ,no s5sible ,m>tian w\ld plan a j\rney s*$ul$ to l& him on e>? dur+ ! few weeks :5 ! two planets are close/4 ,travel+ betwe5 ,m>s & e>? is n l jump+ across a m\nta9 /ream :]e ! banks rema9 /ation>y3 ! jump]1 ( c\rse1 *ooses ! n>r[e/ "p ( ! /ream & leaps across 9 a /raight pa?4 ,b 9 space travel bo? planets are mov+2 !y travel 9 elliptical orbits ( diff]5t sizes & at diff]5t spe$s4 ,to rea* e>?1 ! ,m>tian1 too1 mu/ get into an elliptical orbit ( a size & %ape t w ev5tually int]sect ! e>?'s orbit4 ,accord+ to calculations by t]re/rial rocket exp]ts1 ! pa? t requires ! lea/ fuel is ab\t #gce million miles long--"s tw5ty times ! di/ance betwe5 ! two planets :5 !y are close/4 ,to foll[ ?is c\rse1 :i* takes #bfj days ( travel1 ! ,m>tian mu/ leave #bfj days be=e ! day t 8 %ip & ! e>? w conv]ge & meet at a p>ticul> position 9 space4 ,!re=e he plans to bla/ (f at a "t :5 e>? 9 its orbit is #gf degrees ( arc beh9d ,m>s 9 its orbit 7see ,figure #h74 ,by ! "t he l&s on e>?1 ! planet ,m>s is lagg+ #dd degrees ( arc beh9d ! e>?,,iv-#aj4 ,any increase 9 ,,ufo reports t may occur :5 ,m>s is 9 opposition %\ld be attribut$ n to space%ips b to ! height5$ brilliance ( ! planet itself gl[+ 9 ! night sky4 ,! ,gorman 8,dogfight0 ,"o ( ! mo/ puzzl+ ( ! classic sauc] my/]ies began on ! ev5+ ( ,octob] #a1 #aidh1 :5 ,george ,f4 ,gorman1 manag] ( a con/ruction company & a lieut5ant 9 ! ,nor? ,dakota ,air ,national ,gu>d1 0 return+ to ,f>go1 ,n4,d41 f a cross-c\ntry practice flight 9 an ,f-#ea fight]4 ,ab\t #i3jj1 ,lieut5ant ,gorman call$ ! control t[] at ! local airport = l&+ in/ructions1 & ask$ ! id5tity ( a mov+ light t 0 bl9k+ on & (f 9 ! air bel[ him4 ,in=m$ t a ,pip] ,cub 0 com+ 9 f ! s\?1 he cont9u$ to circle1 & at #i3je aga9 call$ 9 to report t he c\ld see ! ,cub bel[ him at ab\t #ajjj feet4 ,he c\ld also see an unid5tifi$ light mov+ rapidly at ab\t ! same altitude4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #h4 ,orbit ( space%ip4 ,m>s#a & e>?#a1 positions ( planets :5 %ip leaves ,m>s2 ,m>s#b & e>?#b1 positions :5 %ip l&s on e>?4 ,! assi/ant traffic controll] !n walk$ to ! s\? w9d[ ( ! t[] & look$ out4 ,he c\ld see ! ,cub 9 ! air &1 a little above x1 a cle> :ite light4 ,! light 0 mov+ swiftly to ! nor?1 !n %ift$ & cont9u$ 9 a /raight l9e t[>d ! nor?we/4 ,aft] wat*+ x = sev]al seconds1 he return$ to 8 po/4 ,a few m9utes lat] ,gorman call$ ! t[] = ! ?ird "t to say t he 0 go+ to try to close 9 on ! unkn[n4 ,! traffic controll] !n /epp$ to ! s\? w9d[ ( ! t[]4 ,?r\gh 8 b9ocul>s he c\ld see a light mov+ rapidly ov] ! field 9 a /raight l9e t[>d ! nor?we/4 ,x _h no p>ticul> %ape & 0 m]ely a cle> :ite light ab\t ! size ( a plane's tail lamp4 ,aft] a few seconds he return$ & resum$ communication ) ,gorman4 ,! pilot ( ! ,cub glimps$ ! light briefly z he 0 l&+ 8 plane4 ,he suppos$ x to be ! tail light ( ano!r %ip go+ v fa/ 9 a /raight l9e 9 a we/]ly direction1 & 0 puzzl$ by ! fact t an army plane seem$ to be pursu+ x4 ,aft] l&+ he deliv]$ "s bottles ( ,coca-,cola to ! t[] op]ators &1 ov]he>+ ! conv]sation betwe5 !m & ,gorman1 /epp$ to ! balcony at ! s\!a/ corn] ( ! t[] to see :at 0 happ5+4 ,f !re he c\ld see ! light go+ we/1 ) ! army plane aft] x4 ,! light %ift$ briefly to ! s\!a/ b almo/ imm$iately resum$ its nor?we/ c\rse & disappe>$ aft] a few seconds4 ,lieut5ant ,gorman1 mean:ile1 _h begun a weird 8dogfight40 ,! ,,ufo seem$ to be at an altitude ( ab\t #ajjj feet1 0 travel+ ab\t #bej miles an h\r1 & 0 bl9k+ (f & on4 ,z he approa*$1 ! light bank$ to ! left4 ,gorman div$ aft] x b c\ld n cat* up4 ,! light !n began to climb 9 a rapid turn4 ,attempt+ to turn ) x1 ,gorman black$ out tempor>ily f ! excessive spe$4 ,cont9u+ ! *ase1 ?is "t at #ejjj to #gjjj feet ,gorman notic$ t ! light 0 n[ travel+ fa/1 app>5tly fa/] ?an ! ,f-#ea c\ld g1 s he began try+ to cut x (f 9 turns ) 8 fight] at full p[]4 ,z ! object circl$ to ! left1 ,gorman cut back to ! "r = a head-on pass4 ,:5 collision seem$ inevitable he div$ & ! light seem$ to pass ov] 8 canopy at a di/ance ( ab\t #ejj feet4 ,accord+ to ! description he lat] gave ! ,air ,=ce1 ! unkn[n at ?is close/ approa* seem$ to be a r\nd :ite light1 some:at flatt5$1 f six to eight in*es 9 diamet]--ab\t a qu>t] ! app>5t size ( ! full moon4 ,gorman !n made a climb+ turn4 ,:5 he c\ld see ! light aga9 x sudd5ly rev]s$ direction & head$ /raight = ! plane1 attempt+ to ram4 ,x 0 no long] bl9k+ (f & on b 0 a /eady :ite4 ,j be=e collision x pull$ up & ,gorman1 too1 pull$ up4 ,! light w5t /raight up1 ) ,gorman foll[+ until1 at #ad1jjj feet1 8 plane w5t into a p[] /all :ile ! object circl$ "s #bjjj feet above him4 ,z he resum$ ! battle1 ! light seem$ to retreat1 !n attack4 ,gorman dodg$ & circl$ to ! left to get 9 position = ano!r int]cept4 ,f9ally1 :5 ^! maneuv]s _h tak5 him "s tw5ty-five miles s\!a/ ( ,f>go1 he 0 at #ad1jjj feet ) ! object bel[ him at #aa1jjj feet4 ,he div$ aft] x4 ,! ,,ufo turn$ & />t$ a head-on pass1 !n broke x (f1 climb$ /raight up1 & disappe>$4 ,! "t 0 #i3bg4 ,gorman return$ to ! ,f>go airport & l&$1 conv9c$ t "s intellig5ce _h be5 controll+ ! actions ( ! unkn[n,,iv-#a4 ,) ! memory ( ! ,mantell trag$y 7p4 #cc7 & ! ,*iles-,:itt$ sight+ 7see ,*apt] ,v1 p4 #aji7 /ill fre% 9 m9d1 (ficials f ,,atic arriv$ at ,f>go 9 less ?an tw5ty-f\r h\rs to inve/igate ?is new incid5t ,,iv-#b1 p4 #fc ff44 ,!y c>efully que/ion$ ,lieut5ant ,gorman & ! ?ree o!r witnesses1 b c\ld f9d no obvi\s explanation4 ,no o!r aircraft _h be5 9 ! neighborhood at ! "t ( ! sight+4 ,! wea!r _h be5 cle>1 visibility unlimit$1 ) "s auroral activity 9 ! nor!a/4 ,:5 te/$ ) a control gr\p ( five o!r ,f-#eas t _h fl[n dur+ ! same p]iod1 ,gorman's plane %[$ no m radioactivity ?an did ! control gr\p--! slightly high] am\nt %[n by all planes aft] flight4 ,gorman's report 0 confus+1 9 p>ts1 & recon/ruct+ ! exact sequ5ce ( maneuv]s by ,,ufo & plane prov$ impossible4 ,!re 7 almo/ z _m !ories (f]$ 9 explanation z !re 7 inve/igators1 b ev5tually a reasonable solution did appe>4 ,a light$ wea!r balloon _h be5 releas$ f ! wea!r /ation at ,f>go at #h3ej1 t5 m9utes be=e ,lieut5ant ,gorman's fir/ call4 ,z obs]v$ f ! /ation1 ! balloon _h travel$ we/ & !n nor?we/4 ,at #i3jj x w\ld h be5 ne> ! airport ab\t :]e ! unkn[n light 0 fir/ report$4 ,a balloon c\ld well h acc\nt$ = ! ev5ts describ$ 9 ! fir/ phases ( ! incid5t1 b less well = ^? 9 ! la/4 ,(ficially1 h[ev]1 ! cause 0 li/$ z a light$ wea!r balloon,,iv-#b1 p4 #fg--;an answ] t 0 n entirely satisfactory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i a4 ,gr9d/one cl\ds ov] ,m\nt ,ra9i]4 7,,*ap4 ,,ii7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,i b4 ,a /ack ( plates ne> ! ,m>itime ,alps nor!a/ ( ,m>seilles4 7,,*ap4 ,,ii7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii a4 ,kite ) lant]n photograph$ at ,curaao1 ,b4,w4,i4 7,,*ap4 ,,iii7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,ii b4 ,u,f,os ov] ,k5tucky1 #aj3ce ,p4,m41 ,,c/1 ,july #g1 #aidg4 ,jet trails8 ,bolides8 7,,*ap4 ,,iii7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iii a4 ,meteor trail4 7,,*ap4 ,v7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iii b4 ,fireball ov] ,pu]to ,rico1 ,janu>y #ab1 #aidg4 7,,*ap4 ,v7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iv a4 ,coa/ ,gu>d photograph ( ,u,f,os ov] ,salem1 ,massa*usetts1 ,july #af1 #aieb4 7,,*ap4 ,,vi7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iv b4 ,,ufo ne> ! village ( ,arblet]re1 9 nor!rn ,france1 ,octob] #b1 #aied4 7,,*ap4 ,,vi7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,iv c4 ,rad> gho/s at ,sal9a1 ,kansas1 ,septemb] #aj1 #aief4 7,,*ap4 ,,viii7 ,only a ,balloon8 ,a review ( ! evid5ce1 made by ! au?ors dur+ ! prep>ation ( ?is book1 emphasiz$ "s puzzl+ inconsi/5cies4 ,lieut5ant ,gorman _h _h ! ,,ufo 9 view = ab\t tw5ty-sev5 m9utes4 ,dur+ ! fir/ five or t5 m9utes x _h travel$ horizontally at l[ altitude 9 a fairly /eady c\rse4 ,!n x _h sudd5ly *ang$ tactics1 _h climb$ to high altitude1 turn$1 d>t$ 9 & out1 & p]=m$ bo? evasive & aggressive actions4 ,! ?ree witnesses on ! gr\nd1 h[ev]1 did n see ! ,,ufo p]=m any ( ^! combat maneuv]s4 ,x _h be5 travel+ /eadily nor? & nor?we/ & _h disappe>$ f view t5 or fifte5 m9utes be=e ! a]ial dogfight end$4 ,^! diff]5ces /rongly sugge/$ t two unkn[ns 7 involv$ 9 ! sight+4 ,accord+ to ?is !ory1 ! light se5 by ! gr\nd obs]v]s 0 ! wea!r balloon2 ! light fir/ se5 ov] ! airfield by ,gorman 0 also ! wea!r balloon4 ,8 adv]s>y dur+ ! major "p ( ! dogfight 0 a second unkn[n1 n a physical object b "s k9d ( optical ph5om5on1 v probably a mirage ( ! planet ,jupit]4 ,! recon/ruction bas$ on ?is !ory w\ld acc\nt = all ! puzzl+ aspects ( ! case4 ,z fir/ describ$ by ,lieut5ant ,gorman & by ! ?ree witnesses on ! gr\nd1 ! light 0 small1 bright1 & cle>2 no /ructure 0 visible2 x made no noise & left no trail or exhau/4 ,x 0 s\? ( ! control t[]1 0 travel+ horizontally we/ & nor?we/1 seem+ly at high spe$1 on a /raight c\rse1 at l[ altitude4 ,on ^! po9ts all ! witnesses agre$4 ,!y did n agree 9 _! e/imates ( its actual di/ance & height--a fact t is n surpris+ :5 we consid] ! circum/ances4 ,! night 0 cle> & cl\dless4 ,x 0 also d>k4 ,! sun _h set m ?an two h\rs e>li] & !re 0 no moonlight 7new moon on ,octob] #b74 ,on a d>k night1 ! height & di/ance 7& h5ce ! spe$7 ( a mov+ light ( unkn[n size are notori\sly difficult to e/imate4 ,accord+ to ,lieut5ant ,gorman1 ! light :5 he fir/ saw x 0 ab\t #ajjj feet above ! gr\nd & #ajjj y>ds--a little m ?an mile--f 8 plane4 ,! ?ree m5 on ! gr\nd saw ! ,,ufo1 = a few seconds1 at diff]5t times dur+ a p]iod ( less ?an t5 m9utes4 ,l ,gorman1 !y 7 exp]i5c$ airm5 b !y diff]$ f him & f ea* o!r 9 _! e/imates4 ,accord+ to ! assi/ant traffic controll]1 ! altitude & di/ance f ! control t[] 7 #bjjj-bejj feet & #a-b miles4 ,accord+ to ! traffic controll]1 !y 7 #djjj-ejjj feet & mile2 accord+ to ! ,cub's pilot1 !y 7 #ejjj-fjjj feet & #a mile4 ,9 spite ( ! discrepancies1 ^! e/imates are 9 g5]al agreem5t &1 toge!r ) ! details ( ! ,u,f,os appe>ance1 are consi/5t ) ! description ( ! wea!r balloon t _h be5 releas$ at #h3ej1 ab\t t5 or fifte5 m9utes be=e ! ,,ufo 0 sight$ f ! gr\nd4 ,! balloon c>ri$ a small :ite light1 mov$ we/ & !n nor?we/1 0 at l[ altitude & sl[ly climb+1 & w\ld soon h disappe>$ f ! view ( gr\nd obs]v]s4 ,! object t ,lieut5ant ,gorman fir/ saw & pursu$ 0 also ! balloon1 climb+ & turn+4 ,z x bobb$ & sway$ 9 ! air curr5ts x w\ld h seem$ to bl9k (f & on1 j z he report$4 ,und]e/imat+ its height & di/ance & ov]e/imat+ its velocity z did ! pilot 9 ! ,cuban dogfight 7p4 #db71 he tri$ to foll[ its app>5t climb+ turn &1 z he /at$1 black$ out briefly because ( 8 excessive spe$4 ,dur+ ?is int]val1 %ort z x may h be51 he ( c\rse lo/ track ( ! object4 ,%ortly aft]w>d1 :5 ! ,,ufo pass$ ov] 8 canopy & he div$1 he aga9 lo/ sight ( ! object4 ,:5 he resum$ ! *ase he suppos$ t he _h locat$ ! same object he _h be5 foll[+ e>li]--b ! evid5ce sugge/s t he _h pick$ up a diff]5t t>get4 ,! unkn[n 0 go+ mu* fa/] ?an be=e1 0 at a mu* high] altitude1 & %one ) a /eady brilliance in/ead ( bl9k+ (f & on4 ,9 su* a t5se situation he c\ld und]/&ably h mi/ak5 "o /range light = ano!r4 ,pursu+ an app>5tly ho/ile unkn[n1 less ?an a ye> aft] ! /ill my/]i\s dea? ( ,mantell 9 a simil> enc\nt]1 he might ju/ifiably h be5 fright5$4 ,! mo/ probable s\rce ( ! second light is ! planet ,jupit]4 ,! sun _h set at #f3bd ,p4,m4 ,foll[+ "s ?ree h\rs beh9d ! sun1 ! planet _h a magnitude ( -#a4g & 0 ?us bright] ?an ,sirius1 ! brighte/ />4 ,%ortly aft] #i3aj :5 ! ,,ufo began its viol5t maneuv]s 7! exact "t is n kn[n71 ,jupit] 0 v l[ 9 ! s\?we/ sky1 betwe5 two & ?ree degrees above ! horizon1 at a be>+ ( ab\t #bca degrees4 ,! ,,ufo 0 also attack+ f ! s\?we/1 z is %[n by ,gorman's tactics3 9 try+ to cut x (f 9 circles to ! left1 he gradually mov$ to ! s\!a/4 ,! wea!r bureau records = t ev5+1 obta9$ f radiosonde obs]vations1 %[ t temp]ature inv]sions exi/$ bo? ne> ! gr\nd & at high] altitude4 ,?us conditions 7 ideal to produce a furi\sly tw9kl+ planet>y mirage4 ,:5 a planet is close to ! horizon ?is tw9kl+1 toge!r ) ! defocus+ action ( ! e>?'s atmosph]e1 c spread out ! image s t x looks huge1 ) an app>5t diamet] z great z t5 m9utes ( arc4 ,"u su* conditions1 bo? ! size & ! int5sity ( ! light fluctuate4 ,:5 !y dim9i%1 ! object seems to be rac+ away f ! obs]v]2 :5 !y increase1 x seems to be ru%+ directly t[>ds him on a collision c\rse4 ,! peculi> l5s-l action ( ! atmosph]e makes ! image seem to be1 n at inf9ity1 b only a few hundr$ feet away f ! obs]v]4 ,se5 ?r\gh ! di/ort+ atmosph]ic l5s1 ! image ( ,jupit] c\ld h p]=m$ exactly z ,gorman describ$3 x w\ld h d>t$ back & =?1 seem$ to attack1 retreat1 & c>ry out ! 8controll$0 maneuv]s t actually dep5d$ p>tly on ! movem5t ( ! plane itself4 ,gorman app>5tly assum$ t he 0 deal+ ) a mat]ial object 7z inde$ he 0 9 ! beg9n+71 & !re=e did n consid] ! possibility t he 0 see+ m]ely an optical image4 ,! geographical situation w\ld h help$ produce ! illusion4 ,f>go lies at an elevation ( ab\t #ijj feet & ! l& rises gradually to ! we/4 ,due we/ is ,bism>ck at #afgj feet4 ,to ! s\? lies a s]ies ( buttes1 "s ( !m z high z #cejj feet4 ,?us 9 ! s\?we/ :]e ,jupit] 0 sett+ & :]e ! ,,ufo attack$ f1 ! buttes w\ld repeat$ly h cut (f ! planet f view z ,gorman maneuv]$1 s t ! image w\ld h seem$ to race 9 & out & p]=m evasive actions1 j z did ! mirage ( ,sirius 9 ,alaska 7p4 #fj74 ,s9ce ,jupit] 0 v l[1 h[ev]1 ! buttes s]v$ to conceal x f ! obs]v]s on ! gr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #i4 ,positions ( refract$ image ( ,jupit] f #i3jj to #i3bi ,p4,m4 at ,f>go1 ,nor? ,dakota1 on ,octob] #a1 #aidh4 ,azimu? measur$ nor? ?r\gh ea/4 ,! times involv$ provide ! la/ piece ( ! puzzle4 ,! dogfight end$ at ab\t #i3bg4 ,! "t ( ! geometrical sett+ ( ,jupit] 0 #i3be4 ,! usual lag due to refraction is betwe5 two & ?ree m9utes 7see ,figure #i74 ,! planet !re=e rema9$ visible = ab\t two m9utes long]4 ,! image actually sank bel[ ! horizon & disappe>$ f view betwe5 #i3bg & #i3bh1 ! same "t t ! ,,ufo climb$ /raight up into ! sky & disappe>$4 ,:5 ,jupit] vani%$1 ! unkn[n also vani%$ & did n return4 ,absolute pro( ( ?is solution is ( c\rse impossible4 ,nev]!less1 ! description ( ! ,,ufo1 its behavior1 its direction1 its "t ( disappe>ance--all are consi/5t ) its id5tification z ,jupit]4 ,! ,gorman case might reasonably be remov$ f ! 8,balloon80 category & li/$ z 8,balloon plus planet>y mirage40 ,jupit] ?r\gh a ,jet ,trail ,v5us1 ,m>s1 & ,jupit] se5 "u unusual conditions c my/ify ev5 ! mo/ h>dhead$ witness4 ,unrecogniz$ air turbul5ce & increas$ scatt]+ ( ! light c easily create ! illusion ( a fly+ sauc]4 ,an ex-army man1 a tra9$ obs]v] ) a good k ( physics & optics1 reports ! foll[+ unn]v+ exp]i5ce,,iv-#aa4 8,on ,janu>y #cj1 #aied1 my buddy & ,i _h be5 fox hunt+ 9 s\?we/]n ,indiana4 ,we hunt$ until well aft] sund[n & head$ = ! c>4 ,z we ne>$ x1 a jet plane ?und]$ ?r\gh ! d>k5+ sky1 f nor? to s\?4 ,plac+ game & guns 9 ! c>1 ,i walk$ ar\nd x to see if ! tires 7 ,,ok4 ,happ5+ to glance skyw>d1 ,i let out a yell4 ,!re x 01 & no mi/ak+ x4 ,a fly+ sauc] blaz+ 9 ! sky4 ,a real illum9at$ space%ip4 ,only x wasn't mov+1 j hang+ 9 ! sky4 ,football-%ap$1 ab\t z long z ! app>5t diamet] ( ! full moon1 x %[$ r$1 yell[1 & blui% gre54 ,"h he sket*$ a football %ape1 gl[+ r$ knobs plac$ at ! two ends1 yell[ lights girdl+ ! middle1 & yell[ & gre5 arcs curv+ betwe5 ! two ends 7see ,figure #aj74 ,i c>ry an eight-p[] field glass :5 hunt+ & ,i imm$iately tra9$ ?is on ! cele/ial wond]4 ,! result 0 weird4 ,x seem$ to be pulsat+ ) a quiv]+1 tw9kl+ light4 ,we wat*$ x = "s five m9utes1 try+ to figure out :at we 7 see+4 ,!n ! space%ip began to get small]1 simply r$uc+ 9 size )\t mov+4 ,small] & small] x became & 9 ano!r five m9utes x sudd5ly contract$ into a planet--,jupit]1 ,i believe x 04 ,jupit] 0 9 ! ea/]n sky #ej to #fj degrees above ! horizon4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #aj4 ,witness's sket* ( ,jupit] se5 ?r\gh a jet trail4 8,:5 we realiz$ :at we 7 wat*+ we began to try to figure out ! #8:y4' ,sudd5ly we realiz$ we 7 look+ directly ?r\gh ! pa? ( ! plane at ! planet & our be/ guess 0 t ! atmosph]ic turbul5ce & temp]ature *ange caus$ by ! passage ( ! jet 0 to blame = ! /range ab]ration we _h witness$4 ,& we wond]$ if refraction ( ! gold5 light c\ld cause ! r$s1 gre5s1 & blues4 ,s9ce nei!r ( u uses snake-bite m$ic9e 9 any =m1 we figur$ our obs]vations 7 ab\t z sub/antial z our feeble sci5tific und]/&+ w\ld p]mit4 8,b anyway1 ,i f\nd out h[ p may see fly+ sauc]s & be p]fectly hone/ 9 _! incomplete obs]vations4 ,_h a p]son incl9$ to ! sup]natural tak5 a good look1 jump$ 9 8 c>1 & head$ = home at high spe$1 he w\ld /eadfa/ly h believ$ he _h se5 a fly+ sauc] :i* 0 evid5tly obs]v+ ! e>? prep>atory to an attack f out] space40 ,,iv-#a ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,iv-#b ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,iv-#c ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce4 ,pr9ceton3 ,d4 ,van ,no/r& ,co41 #aifj1 p4 #ei4 ,,iv-#d ,payne-,gapos*k91 ,c4 ,introduction to ,a/ronomy4 ,englewood ,cliffs1 ,n4,j42 ,pr5tice-,hall1 ,inc41 #aied4 ,,iv-#e ,gann1 ,e4 ,k4 ,fate ,is ,! ,hunt]4 ,cre/ ,repr9t1 ,new ,york3 ,fawcett ,publications1 ,inc41 #aifb1 p4 #agb4 ,,iv-#f ,case #aea1 ,,crifo ,orbit1 ,vol4 ,,iii 7,april #f1 #aief74 ,,iv-#g ,buffalo ,ev5+ ,news1 ,april #aj1 #aief4 ,,iv-#h ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s3 ,top ,secret4 ,new ,york3 ,g4 ,p4 ,putnam's ,sons1 #aifj4 ,,iv-#i ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,cambridge1 ,mass43 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,press1 #aiec4 ,,iv-#aj ,ley1 ,w41 & von ,braun1 ,w4 ,! ,exploration ( ,m>s4 ,new ,york3 ,! ,vik+ ,press1 #aief4 ,,iv-#aa ,ma91 ,o4 ,p]sonal correspond5ce4 ,*apt] ,v ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,sky3 ,,meteors ,,& ,,fireballs ,ab\t "o o'clock 9 ! aft]noon on ,novemb] #cj1 #aied1 a spectacul> meteor fl>$ across ! s\!a/]n "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & explod$4 ,_m p]sons 9 ,alabama1 ,georgia1 & ,mississippi saw ! bright fla% high 9 ! sky1 foll[$ by a trail ( smoke1 & he>d ?ree viol5t detonations4 ,ov] ! t[n ( ,sylacauga1 ,alabama1 a n9e-p\nd fragm5t ( ! fall+ meteoric body cra%$ ?r\gh ! ro( ( a h\se1 bruis$ ! left arm & hip ( ! unlucky resid5t1 & came to re/ on ! floor4 ,memb]s ( ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society collect$ detail$ descriptions ( ! ev5t f _m witnesses & add$ ?is daylight fireball to ! (ficial li/ ( obs]v$ meteorite falls f :i* meteorites are recov]$,v-#a1 p4 #abh4 ,,ufo addicts1 h[ev]1 app>5tly reg>d$ bo? ! meteor & its fragm5ts z unnatural ph5om5a1 impli$ "s d\bt t ! fragm5t 0 really a meteorite1 & *>act]iz$ ! incid5t z peculi>,v-#b4 ,to ! a/ronom] :o specializes 9 ! /udy ( meteors ! only peculi> aspect ( ! episode is t sauc] publications li/ s few my/]i\s ,u,f,os = t p>ticul> week :5 simil> spectacul> fireballs 7 almo/ a commonplace 9 ! s\!a/ /ates4 ,on ,novemb] #bi a meteor flew ov] ,alabama at #e3cj ,p4,m41 & ab\t two h\rs lat] ano!r ) a long trail so>$ ov] ,florida4 ,on ,novemb] #cj at #e3jj ,p4,m41 a few h\rs aft] ! fall at ,sylacauga1 ano!r bright fireball fla%$ ov] ,alabama4 ,%ortly be=e midnight ! same night a meteor flam$ ov] ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 s brilliant t its copp]-gre5 light illum9at$ ! int]ior ( c>s on ! highway2 blue-gre5 fire %ot out above ! treetops1 *ang$ to magnesium :ite1 & !n sl[ly fad$4 ,detail$ obs]vations ( all ^! appe>$ 9 ! sci5tific j\rnal ,meteoritics,v-#a1 p4 #abh4 ,/ones f ,heav5 ,until r\ghly a hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago meteors & meteorites _h ! /atus ( cosmic orphans1 unackn[l$g$ memb]s ( ! a/ronomical family4 ,few p]sons d\bt$ ! exi/5ce ( ! fix$ />s1 ! sol> planets1 comets1 or ev5 ( 8new />s0 or novae1 b !y reject$ a natural explanation = meteors & int]pret$ !m z fall+ />s1 fly+ dragons1 or f\nta9s ( fire 9 ! sky4 ,mo/ a/ronom]s z well z laym5 laugh$ at ! recurr5t idea t 8/ones f heav50 c\ld fall on ! e>?4 ,!n 9 #ahjc ! ,fr5* sci5ti/ ,j4 ,b4 ,biot describ$ an extraord9>y ra9 ( meteorites t fell at ,l',aigle on ,april #bf,v-#c2 he conv9c$ ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,sci5ces t ! /ones _h inde$ pelt$ f ! sky dur+ ! great meteor display4 ,meteoritics is ?us a relatively "y sci5ce4 ,mu* rema9s to be le>n$ ab\t ^! cosmic visitors1 b c]ta9 basic facts h be5 e/abli%$,v-#d4 ,meteors ent] ! e>?'s atmosph]e cont9ually1 by day z well z by night1 & !y %[ great v>iety4 ,"s are s brilliant t !y are visible ev5 9 broad daylight4 ,"s are s fa9t t ev5 9 d>kness !y c be se5 only ?r\gh a telescope4 ,o!rs1 /ill fa9t]1 c be detect$ only by rad> specially design$ = ?is purpose4 ,because ( ! friction creat$ :5 !y p5etrate ! e>?'s atmosph]e1 mo/ meteors vaporize & vani% _m miles above ! gr\nd4 ,we see !m z only bright /reaks ( light1 quickly ext+ui%$4 ,if ! meteoric body is l>ge en\gh1 has ! "r *emical con/itution1 & ent]s ! atmosph]e at a favorable angle & velocity1 "s ( x may survive ! j\rney & fall to ! e>? z a meteorite4 ,a di/9ct odor sometimes accompanies ! fall--! smell ( sulphur1 onions1 or cyanide4 ,ab\t #dj1jjj tons ( meteoritic mat]ial fall on ! e>? ea* day1 mo/ ( x 9 ! =m ( f9e du/4 ,! object may be a *unk ( metal or /one ! size ( a pebble or a b\ld]1 or x may be a mass weigh+ sev]al tons1 s enorm\s t x g\ges out a crat] at ! place :]e x hits & comes to re/ f> b5ea? ! e>?'s surface4 ,"s meteors1 =tunately extremely r>e1 app>5tly c /rike ! e>? & deva/ate a l>ge area b1 l ! w9d1 leave beh9d no physical trace4 ,accord+ to pres5t !ory1 memb]s ( a regul> %[] are probably remnants ( comets1 :i* h an icy /ructure1 & ! m9ute bits ( froz5 debris vaporize 9 a fla% ( light high 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,meteors t survive to rea* ! e>? z meteorites are ?\ght to be fragm5ts ( a/]oids1 or t9y planets4 ,meteorites v>y s widely 9 _! physical & *emical /ructure t !y require a complex sy/em ( classification4 ,nev]!less ! speciali/ c di/+ui% betwe5 a meteorite & e>?ly rocks & /ones by laboratory te/s,v-#e4 ,meteor ,/reams & ,%[]s ,any cle> night displays its quota ( meteors4 ,b at c]ta9 times1 :5 ! e>? happ5s to collide ) a /ream ( cosmic debris mov+ 9 an elliptical orbit1 a %[] ( meteors takes place4 7,= a li/ ( ! major night meteor /reams1 see ,,table ,i47 ,mo/ meteor /reams probably result f ! breakup ( comets2 if ! debris is di/ribut$ uni=mly 9 ! comet's orbit1 a meteor %[] occurs ea* "t ! e>? crosses ! orbit4 ,= example1 ! ,p]seids1 fragm5ts ( ,comet #ahfb ,,iii1 h reappe>$ e ,augu/ = m ?an #abjj ye>s1 & ! ,leonids1 debris ( ,comet ,temple 7#ahff ,i71 regul>ly return ar\nd ! ?ird week 9 ,novemb]4 ,l ! ,taurids1 ano!r dep5dable /ream1 ! ,leonids are notable = _! brilliant fireballs1 :i* h deposit$ "s ( ! l>ge/ meteorites ev] f\nd on ! e>?4 ,"s regul> %[]s produce great numb]s ( meteors at int]vals ( sev]al ye>s4 ,= ne>ly a mill5nium1 ,a4,d4 #ijb to #ahff1 a m>k$ increase 9 ! numb] ( ,leonids occurr$ e ?irty-?ree ye>s4 ,! display 9 #ahcc 0 "o ( ! mo/ spectacul> 9 hi/ory1 & witnesses said t ! 8/>s 7 fall+0 z ?ick z sn[flakes4 ,be=e ! s*$ul$ major %[] ( #ahii1 h[ev]1 ! ma9 /ream 0 deflect$ by pass+ close to ! planet ,jupit] & ! p]iodic spectacle did n take place4 ,s9ce !n1 ! ,leonids h be5 consid]$ a 8lo/0 /ream1 b "s memb]s ( ! %[] h cont9u$ to appe> ea* ,novemb]4 ,on ,novemb] #af & #ag1 #aifa1 !y produc$ an unexpect$ly awesome display ) _m brilliant fireballs4 ,,table ,i ,,major ,,meteor ,,/reams ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,"n ( ,dates ( ,date ( ,p>5t comet ,rem>ks /ream occurr5ce maximum ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,quadrantids ,jan4 #a-d ,jan4 #c #ahfa ,i ,obs]v$ long] ?an #ajj ye>s4 ,lyrids ,april #ai-bc ,april #ba ,obs]v$ long] ?an ,aqu>ids ,may #b-e ,may #d ,halley 7#ahce ,,iii7 #bejj ye>s4 ,aqu>ids ,july #ad-;,aug4 ,july #cj #ai ,aqu>ids ,july #af-;,aug4 ,july #cj #be ,p]seids ,july #bi-;,aug4 ,aug4 #ab #ahfb ,,iii ,obs]v$ #ag m ?an #abjj ye>s4 ,capricornids ,aug4 #a-ba ,aug4 #ag #aidh n ,cygnids ,aug4 #i-bb ,aug4 #ag ,taurids ,sep4 #ae-;,dec4 ,nov4 #ab ,encke 7#aieg c7 #b ,draconids ,oct4 #i-aj ,oct4 #aj ,giacob9i-,z9n] #ac-ye> 7#aidf ,v7 p]iod2 great %[]s 9 #aicc1 #aidf2 none 9 #aiei4 ,orionids ,oct4 #ah-bf ,oct4 #bb ,halley 7#ahce ,,iii7 ,leonids ,nov4 #ad-bj ,nov4 #ag ,temple-,tuttle ,obs]v$ 7#ahff ,i7 s9ce ,a4,d4 #ijb4 ,gem9ids ,dec4 #g-ae ,dec4 #ad ,ursids ,dec4 #ag-bd ,dec4 #bb ,temple 7#aici ,x7 ,! close approa* ( a comet sometimes causes a fanta/ic %[] ( 8%oot+ />s10 & hundr$s or ev5 ?\s&s may be c\nt$ 9 a s+le night4 ,at ! approa* ( ! debris ( ,comet ,biela on ,novemb] #bg1 #ahhe1 "s #ge1jjj meteors 7 visible f a s+le place dur+ a p]iod ( an h\r4 ,irregul>ly occurr+ or sporadic meteors n associat$ ) a kn[n comet also occur & pelt ! e>? unexpect$ly4 ,! ,gre5 ,fireballs ,on ! ev5+ ( ,septemb] #ah1 #aied1 a gr\p ( a/ronom]s & _! wives f ! obs]vatory at ,sacram5to ,peak1 ,new ,mexico1 7 hav+ a picnic at ! ,:ite ,s&s ,national ,monum5t1 ne> ,alamogordo4 ,9 ?is great des]t ( pure :ite gypsum ! air is extremely hot dur+ ! daytime b cools to a pleasant w>m? aft] sunset4 ,supp] f9i%$1 ! picnick]s _h tak5 (f %oes & /ock+s to wade 9 ! s(t w>m s&4 ,by #h3cj x 0 d>k & "s ( ! a/ronom]s _h already left b o!rs 7includ+ ,dr4 ,m5zel7 _h l+]$ to wat* ! />s1 :i* /& out %>ply 9 ! cle> skies ov] ! des]t4 ,sudd5ly1 f> to ! nor?1 appe>$ an enorm\s gre5 fireball4 ,( bl9d+ brilliance1 x 0 mov+ sl[ly & maje/ically f ea/ to we/ 9 a sub/antially horizontal pa? ab\t sev5 degrees above ! horizon1 leav+ beh9d a lum9\s trail t p]si/$ = at lea/ fifte5 m9utes4 ,at ab\t ! same "t ?\s&s ( o!r p]sons on ! gr\nd 9 ,new ,mexico & ,colorado1 z well z ! crews ( sev]al planes 9 flight1 7 obs]v+ ! fireball4 ,x pass$ ov] a cr[d$ football /adium 9 ,santa ,fe1 int]f]$ ) radio & ,,tv transmission z x appe>$ ov] ,albuqu]que1 & ov] ,d5v] turn$ night into day4 ,a ,unit$ ,airl9es pilot at ab\t #ae1jjj feet ne> ,l>amie1 ,wyom+1 saw ! blue-gre5 ball cross+ 8 c\rse & = "s t5 m9utes obs]v$ ! lum9\s cl\d x left beh9d,v-#f4 ,at almo/ ! same in/ant1 ! fireball 0 sight$ 9 ! ,bay ( ,san ,francisco1 #ajjj miles away4 ,"o publication cit$ ?is meteor z two sep>ate ,u,f,os1 "o fly+ ov] ,san ,francisco1 ! o!r ov] ,new ,mexico & ! ,s\?we/,v-#b4 ,:5 telephone calls swamp$ ! newspap] (fices1 report]s int]view$ ,dr4 ,l9coln ,la ,paz ( ! ,in/itute ( ,meteoritics at ! ,univ]sity ( ,new ,mexico4 ,al?\gh he _h n obs]v$ ?is p>ticul> specim51 he _h se5 simil> gre5 fireballs a few ye>s e>li] & he comm5t$ t ?is 0 no ord9>y meteor b some?+ unusual4 ,a new wave ( ,,ufo excitem5t began to sweep ! c\ntry4 ,7 my/]i\s ma*9es f out] space aga9 patroll+ ,new ,mexico8 ,! a/ronom]s :o _h admir$ ! fireball at ,:ite ,s&s 7 amaz$ at ! public reaction4 ,z pr(essionals :o _h sp5t _! lives 9 obs]v+ & analyz+ a/ronomical ph5om5a1 !y agre$ t ! object _h be5 unusual 9 its sl[ movem5t1 its color1 & its brilliance4 ,b an unusual meteor is /ill only a meteor1 n a space%ip1 & !y easily recogniz$ x z a gre5 fireball ( ! type t _h appe>$ ov] ! ,s\?we/ a few ye>s e>li]4 ,! fir/ epidemic ( gre5 fireballs _h begun 9 e>ly ,decemb] #aidh1 & = ne>ly two mon?s ! brilliantly burn+ objects _h appe>$ almo/ e night 9 ! skies ov] ,new ,mexico,v-#g1 p4 #ga4 ,_! app>5t collision c\rse />tl$ plane crews 9 ! air1 & _! /eady1 seem+ly purposeful motion fright5$ obs]v]s on ! gr\nd4 ,! fireballs %[$ a family resemblance 9 _! bright-gre5 color1 _! great size & brilliance1 _! level flight pa?1 _! noiseless disappe>ance1 & _! failure to leave mat]ial fragm5ts on ! gr\nd4 ,new ,mexico 0 a p>ticul>ly s5sitive area1 /udd$ ) milit>y bases & rese>* in/allations c>ry+ out vital "w 9 balli/ics1 guid$ missiles1 atomic en]gy1 & space sci5ce 9 g5]al4 ,s9ce ! unusual meteors seem$ to be conc5trat+ on ,new ,mexico1 ,air ,=ce ,intellig5ce _h to face ! "q3 ,7 ! fireballs natural a/ronomical ph5om5a or 7 !y exp]im5tal guid$ missiles f ano!r c\ntry1 p]haps ,russia8 ,aft] consult+ ,dr4 ,la ,paz & he>+ 8 evaluation ( ! evid5ce1 ! ,air ,=ce felt gr[+ conc]n4 ,p]haps unconsci\sly influ5c$ by ! g5]al hy/]ia ( ! pa/ ye>1 ,dr4 ,la ,paz conclud$ t ! objects 7 n meteors b mu/ be 8some?+ unusual0 because !y diff]$ f 8normal0 meteors 9 _! color1 trajectory1 velocity1 size1 brilliance1 & app>5t lack ( fragm5ts4 ,) v little k ( meteors & great fai? 9 ma*9es f out] space1 sauc] en?usia/s reason$ t s9ce ! fireballs 7 n normal meteors !y mu/ be artificial objects4 ,s9ce !y 7 artificial1 !y mu/ be "u intellig5t control4 ,s9ce !y 7 intellig5tly controll$1 !y mu/ be unmann$ missiles or mann$ vehicles laun*$ f an ali5 space%ip hov]+ hundr$s ( miles above ! e>? ^: purpose might or might n be de/ructive1 or !y might be m]ely rang+ devices s5t z a w>n+ to e>?m54 ,! ,air ,=ce 0 n p>ticul>ly worri$ ab\t int]planet>y visitors1 b x 0 conc]n$ ) ! possibility t ! fireballs 7 man-made vehicles1 a pot5tial dang] to ! c\ntry4 ,"o sci5ti/ _h sugge/$ t ! ,russians might h con/ruct$ a guid$ missile ^: nose cone1 ! f9al /age 9 a multi/age rocket1 0 made ( ice & v>i\s o!r *emicals4 ,9 re-ent]+ ! e>?'s atmosph]e1 su* a cone w\ld burn up2 ! vaporiz+ ices w\ld acc\nt = ! gre5 color obs]v$1 = ! sil5t disappe>ance ( ! object1 & = ! lack ( mat]ial traces on ! gr\nd4 ,:atev] ! true explanation1 memb]s ( ! ,air ,def5se ,comm& c\ld n af=d to guess2 !y _h to "k4 ,9 mid-,febru>y #aidi !y assembl$ at ,los ,alamos a conf]5ce ( milit>y & intellig5ce (fic]s1 physici/s1 & a/ronom]s1 to discuss ! problem ( ! gre5 fireballs4 ,aft] two days ( /udy+ ! evid5ce1 mo/ ( ! memb]s agre$ t ! fireballs 7 meteors ( an unusual type &1 z natural ph5om5a1 n a ?reat to national security4 ,to take c>e ( ! extremely remote *ance t ?is conclusion might be wrong1 ! conf]5ce turn$ ov] ! problem to ! sci5ti/s at ,air ,=ce ,cambridge ,rese>* ,c5t] :i*1 9 ! late summ]1 organiz$ ,project ,tw9kle to equip & e/abli% ?ree c9e!odolite /ations 9 ,new ,mexico4 ,fitt$ ) a diffraction grat+ to split ! spectrum into its compon5t colors 7& ?us id5tify ! *emical elem5ts pres5t71 ! cam]as 7 to photograph & record ! altitude1 size1 spe$1 & spectrum ( ! lum9\s objects4 ,s9ce ! gre5 fireballs1 mean:ile1 _h all b vani%$ f ! skies1 en?usiasm = ! rese>* project dim9i%$4 ,only "o cam]a 7design$ by ,dr4 ,m5zel7 0 ev] put into op]ation & x nev] f\nd any?+ to photograph4 ,aft] two mon?s ( futile se>*+1 ! ,air ,=ce f9ally ab&on$ ,project ,tw9kle z a wa/e ( "t4 ,9 ! ye>s foll[+1 gre5 fireballs occasionally appe>$4 ,an a/ronom] obs]v$ "o ov] ,lafayette1 ,colorado1 at #g3de ,p4,m4 on ,june #d1 #aiej4 ,"o so>$ ov] ! ,new ,engl& /ates & ea/]n ,canada on ,novemb] #b1 #aiej1 & a ye> lat]1 on ,novemb] #b1 #aiea1 a plane crew ov] ,texas sight$ ano!r :i* 0 dramatically publiciz$ 9 ,life magaz9e1 & describ$ 9 ano!r publication z a missile t eject$ flam+ balls4 ,few o!r fireballs made ! headl9es until ! "o ( ,septemb] #ah1 #aied1 b ev5 t caus$ only brief excitem5t & ! ,air ,=ce express$ no al>m4 ,meteors 9 ! ,records ,! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society1 ^: memb]s specialize 9 ! /udy ( meteors & meteorites1 = ye>s h collect$ reports ( su* ph5om5a4 ,f a l>ge en\gh numb] ( good descriptions ( a giv5 meteor1 a/ronom]s c analyze ! data ma!matically & det]m9e ! meteor's radiant--! po9t 9 ! heav5s f :i* x seems to come4 ,! meteor is !n id5tifi$ by its radiant & giv5 an ,,ams numb]4 ,= sev]al ye>s ! data 7 publi%$ 9 ,meteoritics1 a j\rnal issu$ jo9tly by ! ,meteoritical ,society & ! ,in/itute ( ,meteoritics ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,new ,mexico4 ,dr4 ,*>les ,p4 ,olivi]1 presid5t ( ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society1 0 a contribut+ editor4 ,! records 9 ,meteoritics = ! ye>s #aiej to #aiee li/ doz5s ( fireballs1 _m ( !m gre51 t 7 someh[ ov]look$ by sauc] en?usia/s4 ,on ,augu/ #aa1 #aiej1 dur+ ! maximum ( ! ,p]seid %[]1 a blue-gre5 fireball 7,,ams #bccf7 app>5tly oval- or cig>-%ap$ appe>$ ov] ,wa%+ton1 ,oregon1 & ,idaho at #g3cj ,p4,m4 & 0 report$ by m ?an #ajj witnesses4 ,s brilliant t x %[$ a noticeable disk1 x flew 9 a horizontal pa?1 sil5tly broke into ?ree pieces1 & disappe>$,v-#h1 p4 #cgi4 ,septemb] #bj1 ! same ye>1 0 a big day = meteors4 ,at #a3ce ,a4,m4 a giant fireball 7,,ams #bcbf7 ro>$ ov] s\!a/]n ,ill9ois f nor? to s\?1 leav+ a lum9\s tra9 visible 9 five /ates & illum9at+ ! sky & c\ntryside f ,/4 ,l\is to ,l\isville & f ,memphis to ,knoxville4 ,! f9al detonation1 ov] we/]n ,k5tucky1 0 he>d ov] an area #ajjj miles squ>e & %ook build+s f ,paducah to ,memphis4 ,fragm5ts %[]$ f>ms ov] a tw5ty-five-mile area1 /ruck five build+s1 & p5etrat$ "o ro(4 ,ab\t fifty p\nds ( meteorites dropp$ 9 ,murray1 ,call[ay ,c\nty1 ,k5tucky1 & are n[ 9 ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution 9 ,wa%+ton4 ,t same night ab\t #aj3de ,p4,m41 fireballs 7 report$ by plane crews fly+ ov] a six-/ate area--,idaho1 ,wyom+1 ,utah1 ,colorado1 ,arizona1 & ,new ,mexico,v-#i1 p4 #aae4 ,simil> fireballs t vani%$ )\t trace 7 report$ on ,septemb] #bh1 #aiec 7,,ams #bcca72 ,octob] #d1 #aiec 7,,ams #bccj72 ,may #ae1 #aied2 & ,octob] #bg1 #aied 7,,ams #bccg74 ,! gre5 fireballs /ill appe> n[ & !n1 z !y always h4 ,none ( !m has yet *ang$ into a space%ip4 ,fallacies ab\t ,meteors ,mo/ fly+-sauc] en?usia/s /ill refuse to believe t ! gre5 fireballs 7 natural ph5om5a4 ,mis9t]pret+ or di/ort+ ! /atem5ts made by pr(essional a/ronom]s1 !y cite ! unusual nature ( ^! meteors z pro( t !y 7 n meteors at all b ma*9es f ano!r _w4 ,advocates ( ?is belief ne$ m ?an a refre%] c\rse 9 logic2 !y also ne$ to le>n "s facts ab\t meteors4 ,! space-vehicle int]pretation re/s on a s]ies ( mi/ak5 beliefs & illogical conclusions ab\t ! nature & behavior ( meteors4 ,^! false premises may be summ>iz$ z foll[s3 #a4 ,color4 ,meteors d n conta9 copp]2 s9ce ! peculi> %ade ( gre5 %[n by ! gre5 fireballs c\ld come only f copp]1 ! fireballs 7 n meteors b spacecraft4 #b4 ,spe$ & trajectory4 ,meteors d n travel at a sl[ rate ( spe$ & d n foll[ a horizontal pa?2 s9ce ! gre5 fireballs did bo?1 !y 7 n meteors b spacecraft4 #c4 ,size & brilliance4 ,meteors d n %[ su* great size or brilliance z did ! gre5 fireballs1 :i* 7 !re=e n meteors b spacecraft4 #d4 ,s\nd4 ,meteors produce a l\d noise2 s9ce ! gre5 fireballs mov$ sil5tly1 !y 7 n meteors b spacecraft4 #e4 ,fragm5ts4 ,meteors deposit mat]ial fragm5ts on ! e>? :i* c be locat$ if ! inve/igator maps ! flight pa? & makes a se>*2 s9ce ! gre5 fireballs left no fragm5ts1 !y 7 n meteors b spacecraft4 ,9 ! pages t foll[ we %all attempt to correct ea* ( ^! mi/ak5 ideas 9 turn1 to pres5t ! actual facts kn[n to a/ronom]s1 & to %[ cle>ly t ! gre5 fireballs 7 n spacecraft1 b meteors4 ,facts ab\t ,meteors #a4 ,color4 ,copp]-gre5 meteors are n a new ph5om5on4 ,?is unusual %ade ( gre5 is only "o ( ! _m possible colors t meteors may display--:ite1 gre51 blue1 yell[1 orange1 r$1 & all %ades 9 betwe54 ,descriptions receiv$ by ! ,meteoritical ,society include adjectives su* z bright-gre51 copp]-gre51 blue-gre51 fi]y :ite1 gre5-:ite1 orange1 blue1 yell[i%1 silv]1 r$-orange4 ,p]ceptions ( color v>y greatly among diff]5t obs]v]s1 s t sev]al witnesses may *oose diff]5t words = ! color ( ! same object4 ,! mo/ common adjective us$ is 8brilliant02 an obs]v] :o has only a few seconds to look at ! object (t5 has real difficulty 9 decid+ j :at color accompani$ ! brilliance4 ,v common phrases are blue-gre51 gre5i%-:ite1 orange-yell[1 orange-r$1 gre5i%-yell[1 yell[-gre54 ,bo? ! *emical /ructure & ! velocity ( ! meteoric body help det]m9e its app>5t color4 ,z ! burn+ object plunges ?r\gh ! atmosph]e & vaporizes1 ! *emical elem5ts produce _! typical colors4 ,at high] velocities1 atmosph]ic friction heats ! body to high] temp]atures & :it5s ! color2 z ! body sl[s d[n & becomes less hot1 x is apt to appe> r$d]4 ,9 a few in/ances a/ronom]s h be5 able to photograph ! color spectrum ( a meteor 9 flight1 to analyze ! spectral l9es & det]m9e exactly :at elem5ts 7 pres5t,v-#aj4 ,z a rule1 h[ev]1 ! *emical cont5t mu/ be f\nd f a laboratory analysis ( recov]$ meteorites4 ,"s meteors d conta9 traces ( copp]1 & free nodules ( pure copp] h be5 f\nd 9 sev]al meteorites ,v-#e1 p4 #ha4 ,magnesium occurs 9 fairly high p]c5tages 9 mo/ meteorites & ! am\nt is unusually high 9 gre5 meteors,v-#aa4 ,x produces a color almo/ id5tical ) t f copp]4 ,see+ ! gre5 ( a vaporiz+ meteor1 no obs]v] c\ld tell :e!r ! color came f copp] or f magnesium unless he c\ld photograph ! spectrum or make a *emical analysis ( ! meteorite4 ,! color display$ by ! ,new ,mexico fireballs may h come f copp]1 b m probably f magnesium4 ,ano!r possible s\rce is froz5 nitrog54 ,laboratory exp]im5ts relat+ to problems ( satellite re-entry,v-#ab h %[n t :5 froz5 nitrog5 vaporizes1 x emits a brilliant gre5 gl[ ^: wave l5g? is almo/ id5tical ) t ( ! ,new ,mexico fireballs1 z judg$ f ! pa9t+s made by witnesses4 ,"o ( ! prevail+ !ories sugge/s t meteors ( ?is type may be icy 8cometoids0--comet>y debris1 *unks ( ice1 & froz5 gases 7includ+ nitrog57 at v l[ temp]atures4 ,:5 !y ent] ! e>?'s atmosph]e & are sl[$ d[n to spe$s ( sev]al hundr$ miles an h\r1 !y become heat$ & vaporize1 & ! surface alt]nately melts & refreezes2 ! vaporiz+ nitrog5 w\ld produce ! gre5 color se5 9 ! fireballs4 ,su* a process w\ld acc\nt = ! color1 ! %ort lifetime1 & ! lack ( fragm5ts ( ! ,new ,mexico meteors4 ,to summ>ize3 ,meteors c exhibit ! p>ticul> gre5 color %[n by ! ,new ,mexico fireballs4 ,x c result f copp]1 magnesium1 or froz5 nitrog51 :i* c normally occur 9 meteors4 #b4 ,spe$ & trajectory4 ,meteors v>y widely 9 _! velocities & flight pa?s4 ,!y plunge f space into ! e>?'s atmosph]e at spe$s e/imat$ to range f sev5 to =ty-five miles a second relative to ! e>?--f #be1jjj to m ?an #aej1jjj miles p] h\r4 ,memb]s ( a p>ticul> meteor /ream usually %[ a *>act]i/ic velocity4 ,! ,p]seids1 = example1 travel at high spe$1 "s ?irty-six miles a second1 :ile ! ,gem9ids saunt] 9 at a m]e tw5ty-"o miles a second4 ,mo/ ( ^! 8fall+ />s0 become visible to u :5 !y h desc5d$ to ar\nd sixty or sev5ty miles above ! e>?4 ,fla%+ d[n 9 a /eep pa?1 !y usually burn up & vani% by ! "t !y h fall5 to ar\nd fifty or =ty miles4 ,! l>g] ! meteor's body1 ! long] its life & ! l[] its po9t ( disappe>ance4 ,mo/ meteors ma9ta9 a /raight c\rse z !y desc5d t[>d e>?4 ,a typical pa? is t photograph$ by ,smi?sonian a/ronom]s 9 ,new ,mexico on ! night ( ,novemb] #bc1 #aifj 7see ,plate ,i,i,ia74 ,"s fireballs h be5 report$ to *ange c\rse aft] explod+4 ,m probably1 ! witness is actually obs]v+ ! %ift+ patt]n ( ! smoke cl\d left by ! meteor4 ,! ,pu]to ,rico fireball ( ,janu>y #ab1 #aidg1 left an erratic trail ( ?is type1 :i* 0 photograph$ t5 to tw5ty m9utes aft] ! meteor _h disappe>$ 7see ,plate ,i,i,ib74 ,! orig9al entrance velocity1 angle ( entry1 size1 & *emical /ructure all influ5ce ! %ape ( a meteor's pa? & its "t ( survival4 ,! app>5t angle ( desc5t z se5 by ! obs]v] dep5ds on ! di/ance & ! direction ! object is mov+ relative to ! obs]v]4 ,:5 ! meteor travels p>allel to ! obs]v]'s l9e ( sight1 x seems mu* sl[] ?an :5 x passes ! l9e ( sight at "r angles4 ,! great] ! di/ance betwe5 ! obs]v] & ! meteor1 ! sl[] its app>5t motion,v-#ac4 ,"s meteors move v sl[ly2 travel+ at an almo/ leisurely rate1 !y so> ?r\gh ! sky on a long1 level pa? almo/ p>allel ) ! e>?4 ,! sl[ fireballs 9 ! great meteor procession ( #aiac ma9ta9$ a horizontal c\rse ov] a di/ance ( sev]al ?\s& miles1 f we/]n ,canada to ,brazil,v-#ad4 ,a/ronomical records %[ t gre5 meteors are usually sl[4 ,"s #bcj p]sons report$ to ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society t on ,novemb] #bh1 #aiec1 at #f3cj ,p4,m41 a fireball mov$ sl[ly ?r\gh ! sky f ,massa*usetts to ,p5nsylvania4 ,describ$ z blue-:ite-gre51 *ang+ to orange-yell[-r$1 x 0 huge1 disk-%ap$1 & vani%$ sil5tly )\t deposit+ fragm5ts ,v-#a1 p4 #bgc4 ,on ,may #ae1 #aied1 at #aa3bb ,p4,m41 m ?an #ajj p]sons obs]v$ 7& report$7 a sl[-mov+ fireball1 blue-gre5 *ang+ to r$1 ( lum9osity s great t x woke sleep+ p4 ,t[>d ! end ( its c\rse x seem$ to /op1 spiral$ a c\ple ( times1 & !n simply vani%$ )\t leav+ fragm5ts ,v-#h1 p4 #ccf4 ,to summ>ize3 ,meteors c travel at l[ velocities & 9 app>5tly horizontal pa?s4 #c4 ,size & brilliance4 ,giant meteors ( great lum9osity h be5 record$ ?r\gh\t hi/ory4 ,"s fireballs h be5 visible to obs]v]s ?r\gh\t an area ( ?\s&s ( squ>e miles4 ,typical descriptions are3 dazzl+1 l an airplane fall+ 9 flames1 bigg] ?an ! full moon1 ( bl9d+ brilliance1 s bright x turn$ night into day1 l ! headlight ( a locomotive1 z big z ! sett+ sun b ?ree times z brilliant4 ,! lum9osity does n dep5d on ! actual size ( ! meteoric body4 ,a fragm5t no l>g] ?an a p9head c create a brilliant fla% z x vani%es4 ,a spectacul> fireball t lights up ! c\ntry ov] hundr$s ( miles may h a small body t burns up completely miles above ! e>?4 ,a l>g] body c survive long]1 s t x cont9ues to fl>e = sev]al seconds or m4 ,! l>g]1 long-la/+ fireballs may explode into small] fragm5ts & cascades ( sp>ks4 ,9 explod+1 !y c produce a lum9\s cl\d ( p>ticles t rema9s visible = fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes & !n pepp]s ! gr\nd ) meteorites t fall l hail or buck%ot4 ,a giant fireball c deposit *unks ( metal weigh+ a ton or m l ^? f\nd 9 ,mexico1 or c leave a truly enorm\s body t p5etrates ! gr\nd & c>ves out a great crat] l ^? 9 ,arizona & ,texas4 ,to summ>ize3 ,huge fireballs ( great brilliance are n new4 #d4 ,s\nd4 ,"s meteors produce noise2 o!rs d n4 ,mo/ meteors sil5tly vaporize high above ! e>?4 ,:5 "o does rea* ! gr\nd1 x may /rike ) no noise b ! fa9t ?ud ( its impact4 ,%oot+ ?r\gh ! air1 x sometimes makes weak noises t h be5 describ$ z rumbl+1 crackl+1 ru/l+1 :i/l+1 or hiss+4 ,meteors sometimes explode ) "o or m cra%+ detonations t rattle or ev5 break w9d[s4 ,! noise has be5 describ$ z l a heavy clap ( ?und]1 ! explosion ( a volcano1 or a :ir z if a million bumblebees _h be5 di/urb$4 ,! noise f ! explosion ( ! ,sib]ian meteor 9 #aijh 0 he>d ov] a di/ance ( #fjj miles1 & ! %ock regi/]$ z an e>?quake 9 ,engl&4 ,_m meteors1 l ! ,p5nsylvania fireball ( ,janu>y #bi1 #aieb1 7,,ams #bcbh7 are completely sil5t4 ,?is blue-gre5 object1 s l>ge t x %[$ a def9ite disk1 0 report$ to ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society by m ?an #djj witnesses f ,ma9e to ,virg9ia & f ,new ,york to ,ohio2 none ( ! obs]v]s he>d any noise ,v-#a1 p4 #bfd4 ,to summ>ize3 ,"s meteors end ) a bang1 b mo/ ( !m don't ev5 :imp]4 #e4 ,fragm5ts4 ,mo/ meteors burn up high 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,a few1 if !y are l>ge en\gh 9 size 7at lea/ t5 to tw5ty p\nds7 & t\gh en\gh 9 /ructure1 survive to rea* ! e>? z /ony or metallic fragm5ts4 ,m>k$ diff]5ces *>act]ize ! v>i\s meteor /reams4 ,! ,taurids 7maximum ,novemb] #ab7 are relatively rigid /ructures1 unusually t\gh1 & %[ little t5d5cy to break up 9 _! flight4 ,! _m ,taurid fireballs %[ t fairly l>ge bodies h surviv$4 ,! ,gem9ids 7maximum ,decemb] #ad7 are ( av]age /r5g? b appe> to be v d5se1 :ile ! ,draconids 7,octob] #aj7 are fea!rlike & fragile1 ) l[ d5sity4 ,"s ( ! mo/ brilliant fireballs may be /ructures ( ice & froz5 gases :i* quickly vaporize on rea*+ ! e>? & h5ce leave no detectable fragm5ts4 ,! fi]y object t /ruck ,sib]ia 9 #aijh may h be5 su* an 8icy cometoid02 al?\gh x deva/at$ an area ( hundr$s ( squ>e miles & uproot$ or knock$ d[n "s eighty million trees1 x app>5tly left no physical trace,v-#ae4 ,if "s ( ! physical body does survive to rea* ! e>?'s surface1 f9d+ x is /ill a problem4 ,recov]y is r>e ev5 :5 ! fall occurs 9 daylight ov] well-populat$ c\ntry & ! flight pa? c be *>t$ f ! acc\nts ( reliable witnesses4 ,:5 ! fall occurs at night1 recov]y is ev5 r>],v-#e4 ,aft] d>k1 ev5 exp]i5c$ obs]v]s f9d x difficult to judge true directions & di/ances1 & !y may plot a place ( fall t is _m miles f ! actual po9t ( impact4 ,meteoritici/s "k t !re is small *ance ( f9d+ meteorites t fall at night except 9 regions :]e mo/ ( ! l& is "u cultivation4 ,9 ! fifty ye>s betwe5 #ahih & #aidh1 ( =ty-eight recov]ies f obs]v$ meteorite falls 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 only sev5 7 made f falls occurr+ aft] #h ,p4,m4,v-#e4 ,recov]y dep5ds on _m factors3 ! numb] ( p]sons :o saw ! ev5t1 ! accuracy ( _! e/imates ( di/ance & direction1 ! size ( ! meteorites1 ! pati5ce ( ! se>*]s1 ! "t & money available = ! se>*1 &1 mo/ important ( all1 j pla9 luck4 ,! ,norton ,c\nty fall ( ,febru>y #ah1 #aidh1 illu/rates bo? ! detective "w & ! luck requir$4 ,at ab\t #d3ef ,p4,m4 ,c4,s4,t4 a brilliant detonat+ fireball so>$ ov] an area includ+ ,kansas1 ,nebraska1 ,colorado1 ,oklahoma1 & ,texas1 & left a l>ge :ite cl\d t 0 visible = ab\t an h\r aft]w>d4 ,newspap]s publiciz$ ! ph5om5on z a fly+ sauc] & a few excit$ witnesses agre$4 ,"o man affirm$ t %ortly be=e ! explosion ! /range craft hov]$ ov] 8 y>d at eye level1 bel*+ fire & %[]+ sp>ks1 !n sudd5ly took (f1 climb+ fa/1 & explod$4 ,meteoritici/s at once recogniz$ ! *>act]i/ic patt]n ( an explod+ meteor & det]m9$ to f9d ! rema9s4 ,f newspap] reports & p]sonal int]views ) ! witnesses1 ,h4 ,h4 ,n9+] ( ! ,am]ican ,meteorite ,museum 9 ,arizona plott$ ! pa? & det]m9$ t ! probable po9t ( explosion 0 ?irte5 miles we/ & ?ree miles nor? ( ,norton1 ,kansas,v-#af4 ,f simil> inve/igations1 ,l9coln ,la ,paz ( ! ,in/itute ( ,meteoritics 9 ,new ,mexico det]m9$ ! probable place ( impact z an area eight miles long & f\r miles wide1 ab\t ?irty-two squ>e miles1 on ! ,kansas-,nebraska l9e4 ,dur+ ! ,ea/] vacation a field-survey p>ty f ,new ,mexico drove nor? into ,kansas to hunt = ! meteorite1 b blizz>ds & sn[-block$ roads /opp$ ! "w4 ,a second se>*1 begun on ,april #bg1 sugge/$ t ! ma9 mass ( ! meteorite mu/ h fall5 some:]e 9 ,furnas ,c\nty1 ,nebraska4 ,:5 p]si/5t hunt+ fail$ to reveal x1 ! se>*]s mov$ s\? into ,kansas1 :]e a f>m] _h f\nd a /range /one t smell$ ( sulphur & conta9$ metallic specks4 ,al?\gh _m /ony meteorites ( v>i\s weights turn$ up 9 ?is area1 ! ma9 mass rema9$ hidd5 until ,july #c :5 a f>m] locat$ x1 by accid5t1 9 a field t ! (ficial p>ty _h already exam9$ & ab&on$ "s ?ree mon?s e>li]4 ,?is meteorite1 al?\gh x weigh$ m ?an a ton & _h dug out a six-foot crat] 9 ! gr\nd1 _h elud$ ! hunt]s because 8at ! "t ( ! fall ! only dwell+ close to ! po9t ( impact 0 unoccupi$ & 444 ! impact occurr$ 9 a field s ov]gr[n ) we$s & /ubble t ev5 ! l>ge crat] made by ! record-break+ ma9 mass ( ! fall 0 f9ally locat$ only :5 by *ance a cat]pill> tractor />t$ to fall into x40,v-#ag ,to f9d ^! meteorites1 sev]al highly tra9$ se>*]s _h sp5t days ( ef=t1 made a numb] ( field surveys1 driv5 m ?an #aj1jjj miles1 & int]view$ hundr$s ( p]sons :o obs]v$ ! flight ( ! fireball4 ,ev5 s1 !y c\nt$ !mselves lucky because _m 8meteorites ( su* composition & /ructure1 al?\gh l>ge en\gh to produce spectacul> light & s\nd effects 9 ! int]m$iate lay]s ( ! atmosph]e1 might dis9tegrate s completely dur+ transit ?r\gh ! d5s] l[] atmosph]e t only du/ w\ld survive to rea* ! e>?40 ,! gre5 fireballs ( ,new ,mexico 7 sil5t2 !y 7 probably icy /ructures & h5ce produc$ no meteorites4 ,ev5 if !y _h1 locat+ ! place ( fall w\ld h be5 ne>ly impossible because ! meteors appe>$ at night 9 a sp>sely populat$ area4 ,to summ>ize3 ,_m meteors d n leave fragm5ts4 ,ev5 :5 !y d1 f9d+ ! meteorite requires luck z well z h>d "w4 ,unusual ,fireballs ,! (fic]s & crewm5 ( a plane 9 flight h a front-r[ seat at ! drama ( ! heav5s1 :]e a/ronomical ev5ts seem d\bly vivid aga9/ ! d>k night sky4 ,! pilot has be5 tra9$ to recognize ! major con/ellations1 ! brighte/ />s1 & ord9>y ph5om5a su* z meteors & ! ,aurora ,borealis4 ,z a rule1 h[ev]1 he limits 8 /udy to ! ne$s ( ! job4 ,! few :o h an a/ronom]'s intimate acqua9tance ) ! heav5s h (t5 made valuable contributions to our k4 ,comet #aieg;d 0 fir/ obs]v$ by an airman & ,comet #aidhl 0 discov]$ by a pilot fly+ f ! ,fiji ,isl&s to ,au/ralia4 ,comet ,wilson1 discov]$ on ,july #bc1 #aifa 7& report$ to ! ,air ,=ce by "s p]sons z a ,,ufo71 0 fir/ recogniz$ by ,a4 ,/ew>t ,wilson1 navigator on a ,pan ,am]ican flight ov] ! ,pacific4 ,all memb]s ( ! crew 7 skill$ & exp]i5c$ fli]s1 b he alone 0 equipp$ to see ! significance ( ! intrud] 9 ! con/ellation ,gem9i,v-#ah4 ,"o ( ! mo/ fanta/ic app>itions to confront a pilot is a gr\p ( lum9\s objects flam+ ?r\gh ! air 9 m or less geometrical =mation4 ,! objects (t5 seem to be head+ directly t[>d ! plane on a collision c\rse b1 z ?\gh "u intellig5t control1 seem to ve] (f at ! la/ possible in/ant & !n disappe> at incr$ible spe$4 ,! pilot usually recognizes ?is fright5+ ph5om5on z an explod+ meteor or a clu/] ( fireballs4 ,occasionally ! sight is s extraord9>y t he insi/s x c\ld n h be5 a m]e meteor b mu/ h be5 "s weird spacecraft4 ,airm5 ( unque/ion$ compet5ce h made ?is mi/ake1 sometimes because !y m ?an half believ$ 9 extrat]re/rial visitors1 b m (t5 because !y knew less ?an !y suppos$ ab\t meteors4 ,9 try+ to id5tify ! al>m+ objects approa*+ 8 plane1 ! pilot (t5 ?9ks fir/ ( a meteor1 !n rejects ! idea ) "s =m ( ! rem>k1 8,:atev] x 01 x 0 c]ta9ly n a meteor2 ,i've se5 meteors & ,i c't be fool$40 ,he usually adds t no meteor c\ld travel s fa/ 7or s sl[ly7 z ! "o he saw2 s high 7or s l[72 c\ld h su* a color2 /e] s 8obvi\s0 a collision c\rse2 fly z "p ( s ord]ly a gr\p2 move 9 s level 7or s /eeply angl$7 a pa?2 ma9ta9 s /eady a c\rse2 *ange c\rse s abruptly2 move s sil5tly2 or create s l\d a detonation4 ,su* an incid5t occurr$ on a ,pan ,am]ican flight f ,new ,york to ,san ,juan e>ly on ! morn+ ( ,m>* #i1 #aieg4 ,at ab\t #c3cj ,a4,m4 :5 ! plane 0 (f ,jacksonville1 ,florida1 ! pilot & ! flight eng9e] saw a burn+1 gre5i%-:ite1 r\nd object com+ out ( n[h]e1 seem+ly only a half mile away & head$ across _! nose on a direct collision c\rse,v-#ai4 ,9 su* a situation a plane's capta9 _c wa/e "t 9 analyz+ :at he sees1 b mu/ act4 ,9 a viol5t evasive move he put ! plane into a climb ( ab\t #aejj feet1 dur+ :i* sev]al pass5g]s 7 ?r[n out ( _! seats & injur$4 ,at ! same mom5t ! crews ( at lea/ sev5 o!r flights )9 an area ( #cjj miles 7 report+ ! same object4 ,"o witness saw x split 9 two & ! fi]y re> section drop away4 ,ab\t an h\r e>li]1 ! pilot ( ano!r plane 9 ! area _h se5 ! breakup ( a simil> meteor b _h n report$ x4 ,9 spite ( all ! evid5ce t ! unkn[n 0 a normal meteor1 break+ ap>t z _m meteors d1 ! ,pan ,am]ican pilot1 8hav+ se5 ?\s&s ( meteors10 c\ld n accept ! object z a natural ph5om5on al?\gh he did realize1 aft] he he>d ! o!r reports1 t he _h greatly und]e/imat$ its di/ance4 ,! object %[$ all ! *>act]i/ics ( a typical fireball1 b ! fly+-sauc] culti/s h /ill tri$ to conv]t ?is und\bt$ meteor into an unkn[n object4 ,! numb] ( meteors report$ z fly+ sauc]s or space%ips has dim9i%$ 9 ! la/ few ye>s1 b ! ,air ,=ce has cont9u$ to inve/igate all d\btful or puzzl+ sight+s to det]m9e :e!r !y 9 any way repres5t a possible ?reat to ! nation's security4 ,e sure id5tification ( a ,,ufo z m]ely a meteor1 n a balli/ic missile1 br+s a c]ta9 am\nt ( relief4 ,a typical case1 successfully solv$1 is t ( ,june #bj1 #aiei4 ,ab\t #b3ae ,a4,m4 ! pilot ( a ,unit$ ,airl9es flight ov] ! ,pacific report$ by radio to ,flight ,op]ations t he _h obs]v$ an app>5t rocket fir+ ab\t ?irty-five miles we/ ( ! plane position2 rad> detect$ ! pres5ce ( a surface vessel at ab\t ! same position4 ,! pilot fir/ notic$ a fla% ( light1 !n ! entire sky light$ up & he saw f\r r\nd1 fi]y globules1 ( an int5se blui%-:ite color1 ) no tails4 ,fly+ two by two 9 a /raight l9e1 !y made no s\nd & disappe>$ aft] ab\t two seconds4 ,! wea!r 0 cle> & calm1 ! visibility excell5t4 ,! copilot1 sitt+ at ! "r1 saw only ! fir/ fla%1 b ! pilot ( ano!r plane "s #abj miles to ! we/ report$ see+ ! same objects at ! same "t,v-#ai4 ,because ?is sight+ occurr$ 9 a v s5sitive area :]e milit>y (ficials 7 expect+ a ,russian te/ fir+ ( an ,,icbm1 ! ,air ,=ce made an exhau/ive /udy ( ?is report & id5tifi$ ! object z a meteor4 ,_! evaluation proce$$ z foll[s3 ,! ,unit$ ,airl9es pilot e/imat$ ! di/ance ( ! objects z only ab\t ?irty miles & _! rate ( travel z ab\t #ae degrees 9 two seconds4 ,^! figures indicat$ a velocity ( approximately #ad1ejj miles p] h\r1 ab\t ! spe$ ( a balli/ic missile4 ,b ! relatively l[ altitude1 ! flat trajectory1 & ! fact t a visible 8p[] plant0 0 app>5tly /ill op]at+ at ?is /age ( flight rul$ out ! possibility ( a missile4 ,h[ev]1 if ! obs]v] _h und]e/imat$ ! di/ance & ! objects 7 actually hundr$s ( miles away1 !n ! data w\ld indicate a spe$ ( ab\t #ej1jjj miles an h\r1 9 ! range ( meteor velocities4 ,! descriptions giv5 closely mat*$ t ( ! classic fireball1 ^: colors range ov] :ite1 blue1 gre51 r$1 & yell[1 & ^: lum9osity may be z great z -#c magnitudes4 ,! ,air ,=ce conclud$ t ! object sight$ 01 9 all probability1 a meteor4 ,a simil> sight+1 :i* sauc] en?usia/s h publiciz$ z a brilliantly light$ ,,ufo t appe>$ to hold a def9ite c\rse1 occurr$ at #c3jb ,a4,m4 on ,july #aa1 #aiei1 also ov] ! ,pacific,v-#ai4 ,! pilot ( a ,pan ,am]ican ,airl9es flight report$ t a my/]i\s bright object accompani$ at its left by f\r small] lights _h approa*$ 8 plane at 8inconceivable spe$10 made a %>p "r turn1 & !n disappe>$4 ,! objects seem$ to be fly+ ev5ly spac$ 9 =mation1 & ! pilot1 :o _h nev] se5 any?+ l x 9 all 8 ye>s ( fly+1 told ! newspap]s1 8,i'm a believ]1 n[40 ,! (ficial inve/igation began imm$iately4 ,f\r o!r comm]cial flights _h report$ see+ ! object at ! same "t4 ,9 ea* case1 ! pilot /at$ t ! objects seem$ to head /raight at 8 plane at high spe$ on a collision c\rse1 !n made a #ij-;degree turn & disappe>$4 ,! v>i\s reports1 h[ev]1 %[$ significant disagreem5ts4 ,"s witnesses gave ! color z :ite1 "s z orange-yell[4 ,( ! sev]al pilots1 ea* gave a diff]5t description ( ! 8=mation03 a big light ) f\r small] lights fly+ at ! left2 a big light surr\nd$ by a clu/] ( six or sev5 small] lights2 a big light foll[$ by f\r small] lights2 a big light 9 ! c5t] ( a rectangle =m$ by f\r small] lights4 ,( ! five pilots :o made (ficial reports1 "o said ! ph5om5on 0 def9itely n a meteor1 two said x c\ld h be5 a meteor1 & two did n v5ture an op9ion4 ,! pilots ( sev]al o!r flights /at$1 on l&+1 t !y too _h se5 ! object b _h n radio$ a report because !y assum$ x to be a meteor4 ,aft] mapp+ & correlat+ all ! obs]vations1 ,,atic complet$ ! analysis & releas$ ! result to ! press on ,july #ad1 only ?ree days aft] ! sight+1 a rem>kably effici5t piece ( "w4 ,conclusion3 ! object 0 a fireball,v-#bj4 ,! lit]ature ( fly+ sauc]s conta9s doz5s ( simil> incid5ts t fit p]fectly into ! meteor patt]n4 ,po9t+ to ?is li/ ( 8unid5tifi$0 fly+ objects1 sauc] addicts /ill abuse ! ,air ,=ce = conceal+ ! 8fact0 t ^! ,u,f,os are actually space%ips6 ,great ,meteor ,processions ,ev5 m dramatic ?an ! ord9>y explod+ meteor ^: fragm5ts naturally fall into a patt]n ar\nd x1 a clu/] ( fireballs or a great procession ( meteors occasionally />tles ! _w4 ,on ,decemb] #ba1 #ahgf1 ab\t #h3de ,p4,m4 su* a sw>m ( fireballs appe>$ ov] ,kansas & disappe>$ "s ?ree m9utes lat] ov] ,p5nsylvania1 hav+ travel$ ! ?\s&-mile di/ance at a velocity ( #bj1jjj to #be1jjj miles an h\r4 ,hundr$s ( p]sons 9 ,kansas1 ,miss\ri1 ,ill9ois1 ,indiana1 ,ohio1 & ,p5nsylvania saw ! display1 :i* includ$ ne>ly #ajj sep>ate fireballs2 ! lead] 0 m brilliant ?an ! full moon & _m ( ! foll[]s 7 bright] ?an ,v5us or ,jupit]4 ,p]haps =tunately = ! n]ves ( ! public1 ! mo/ rec5t su* display occurr$ be=e ! sauc]s began to fly 7,m>* #bd1 #aicc74 ,?is clu/] ( fireballs 0 visible *iefly 9 ! skies ov] ,new ,mexico & left a great cl\d t 0 visible = at lea/ ?ree h\rs4 ,! mo/ spectacul> ( su* =mations 0 ! great meteor procession ( ,febru>y #i1 #aiac4 ,at ab\t #i3je 9 ! ev5+ ! lead] or lead]s appe>$ 9 ! sky ov] we/]n ,canada1 _! fi]y r$ bodies foll[$ by long /ream+ tails4 ,^! imm5se fireballs %[$ no t5d5cy to fall t[>d ! e>? b1 l ! gre5 fireballs ( ,new ,mexico1 8mov$ =w>d on a p]fectly horizontal pa? ) peculi>1 maje/ic1 dignifi$ delib]ation10 & disappe>$ 9 ! di/ance to ! s\?we/4 ,no description c surpass t giv5 by ,pr(essor ,*ant,v-#ba :o sp5t two weeks 9 locat+ & int]view+ _m ( ! witnesses4 8,be=e ! a/oni%m5t ar\s$ by ?is fir/ meteor _h subsid$1 o!r bodies 7 se5 com+ f ! nor?we/1 em]g+ f precisely ! same place z ! fir/ "o4 ,onw>d !y mov$1 at ! same delib]ate pace1 9 twos or ?rees or f\rs1 ) tails /ream+ beh9d1 ?\gh n s long nor s bright z 9 ! fir/ case4 ,!y all trav]s$ ! same pa? & 7 head$ = ! same po9t 9 ! s\!a/]n sky4 8,gradually ! bodies became small]1 until ! la/ ones 7 b r$ sp>ks1 "s ( :i* 7 snuff$ out be=e !y rea*$ _! de/9ation4 ,sev]al report t ne> ! middle ( ! great procession 0 a f9e l>ge /> )\t a tail1 & t a simil> body br\ght up ! re>4 8,to mo/ obs]v]s ! out/&+ feature ( ! ph5om5on 0 ! sl[1 maje/ic motion ( ! bodies2 & almo/ equally rem>kable 0 ! p]fect =mation :i* !y reta9$4 ,_m comp>$ !m to a fleet ( air%ips1 ) lights on ei!r side & =w>d & aft2444 ,o!rs1 aga91 lik5$ !m to great battle%ips1 att5d$ by cruis]s or de/roy]s40 ,no o!r record$ meteors h p]si/$ = s great a di/ance4 ,?\s&s ( p]sons saw ?is great procession z x so>$ ov] ,saskat*ewan1 c5tral ,canada1 ,toronto & ! ,great ,lakes region1 ,new ,york & ,p5nsylvania1 ! %ipp+ lanes f ,new ,york to ,b]muda1 & on ov] ! ,s\? ,atlantic1 :]e be=e x vani%$ x 0 obs]v$ by %ips z f> s\? z ,brazil--a di/ance ( "s #ejjj miles1 "o fif? ( ! e>?'s circumf]5ce4 ,! descriptions d n v>y significantly & !y all m5tion ! sl[1 level flight1 p>allel to ! e>?'s surface4 ,"s a/ronom]s h sugge/$ t ^! unusual meteors may h be5 a gr\p ( natural satellites deflect$ by ! e>?'s gravitation1 sl[+ d[n & f9ally dis9tegrat+ z !y made _! f9al revolution,v-#ad4 ,b if ! ,,ufo cult _h exi/$ 9 #aiac1 ! fly+-sauc] en?usia/s w\ld probably h reg>d$ ! fireball procession z a fleet ( space%ips1 & w\ld h speculat$ on ! problem ( :at planet dispat*$ !m & = :at purpose4 ,! ,*iles-,:itt$ ,sight+ ,! ,*iles-,:itt$ ,,ufo1 sight$ on ,july #bd1 #aidh1 is "o ( ! mo/ publiciz$ ( ! classics4 ,al?\gh ! object appe>$1 pass$1 & vani%$ 9 an int]val ( r\ghly t5 seconds1 & ! descriptions giv5 by ! ?ree witnesses diff]$ on sev]al vital po9ts1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,all5 ,hynek1 a/ronom] consultant to ,,atic1 9 8 report ( ,april #cj1 #aidi1 id5tifi$ x z an und\bt$ meteor4 ,nev]!less1 n until #aiei did ! ,air ,=ce (ficially accept ?is solution1 & ! lit]ature ( sauc]dom /ill cites ! incid5t z indisputable pro( ( ali5 space%ips4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,july #bc an ,ea/]n ,airl9es ,,dc-#c took (f f ,h\/on1 ,texas1 en r\te = ,bo/on1 ) an exp]i5c$ pilot & copilot 9 ! cockpit4 ,by #b3dj ,a4,m4 ,c4,d4,s4,t4 ,july #bd ! plane 0 a few miles s\?we/ ( ,montgom]y1 ,alabama1 fly+ at an altitude ( #ejjj feet4 ,! night 0 cle>1 & a bright moon j f\r days pa/ full %one ?r\gh a lay] ( brok5 cl\ds ab\t #ajjj feet above ! plane4 ,at #b3de ,a4,m4 ! pilot1 ,capta9 ,c4 ,s4 ,*iles1 notic$ a dull r$ gl[ "s di/ance ahead1 approa*+ f a little above & to ! "r ( ! plane4 ,he rem>k$ to 8 copilot1 ,lieut5ant ,j4 ,b4 ,:itt$1 8,look1 "h comes a new ,army jet job40,v-#ai ,9 ! next few seconds1 h[ev]1 he *ang$ 8 m9d ab\t ! id5tity ( ! object4 ,z bo? m5 wat*$1 ! brilliantly gl[+ unkn[n cont9u$ to approa* ) incr$ible swiftness1 app>5tly on a collision c\rse2 x seem$ to ve] slightly1 pass$ ! plane on ! "r almo/ level ) & p>allel to ! flight pa?1 !n seem$ to pull up %>ply & disappe> into ! cl\ds4 ,capta9 ,*iles e/imat$ t ! object 0 9 sight = ab\t t5 seconds4 ,! "o pass5g] :o 0 awake1 sitt+ at ! "r ( ! cab91 saw ! light = only an in/ant z x fla%$ by4 ,! brief impressions ( ^! ?ree witnesses 7 ! sole f\ndation = newspap] /ories t ! plane _h n>r[ly escap$ collision ) a space%ip4 ,9 _! (ficial report bo? pilots agre$ on ! g5]al appe>ance ( ! ,,ufo3 x look$ l a w+less aircraft ) no f9s or protrud+ surfaces1 0 cig>-%ap$1 ab\t #ajj feet long1 & ab\t twice ! diamet] ( a ,b-#bi sup]=tress4 ,x seem$ to h two r[s ( w9d[s ?r\gh :i* gl[$ a v bright light1 brilliant z a magnesium fl>e4 ,an int5se d>k-blue gl[ l a blue fluoresc5t factory light %one at ! bottom along ! entire l5g?1 & r$-orange flames %ot out f ! re> to a di/ance ( "s fifty feet4 ,nei!r man he>d any s\nd & nei!r saw any occupants4 ,9 _! orig9al report to ,,atic bo? m5 agre$ t 8no di/urbance 0 felt f ! air waves1 nor 0 !re any prop wa% or me*anical di/urbance :5 ! object pass$40 ,! ?ird witness1 ! pass5g]1 did n report any turbul5ce or rock+ ( ! plane4 ,"s ( ! lat] v]sions ( ! incid5t gloss ov] ^! facts1 h[ev]1 & ?us exagg]ate ! />tl+ nature ( ! sight+4 ,"o acc\nt subtly implies ! pres5ce ( a pilot 9 ! ,,ufo & sev]al /ate t1 z ! object pass$1 ! plane hit turbul5t air,v-#g1 p4 #fa or 0 8rock$0 by ! ,,ufo,v-#bj1 p4 #ba4 ,l mo/ eyewitness descriptions ( a />tl+ ev5t1 ! te/imony ( ! ?ree m5 diff]$4 ,*iles /at$ t at ! front ( ! ,,ufo 0 a light$ pilot comp>tm5t or cockpit ) a 8sn\t0 simil> to a rad> pole1 & t a k9d ( nozzle project$ f ! re> f :i* ! flames fann$ out to a wid? ( tw5ty or ?irty feet4 ,:itt$ did n see a cockpit1 a sn\t1 or a re> nozzle2 he ?\ght ! flames fl>$ out f ! entire re> & 7 nev] any wid] ?an ! wid? ( ! ,,ufo itself4 ,! ?ird witness1 ! pass5g]1 saw no %ape or =m1 only an int5sely brilliant /reak ( light t appe>$ & vani%$ be=e he 0 able to focus 8 eyes4 ,z responsible (fic]s1 bo? pilots _h obvi\sly tri$ to sep>ate ! obs]v$ ph5om5a f _! int]pretation4 ,!y diff]$ widely on ! e/imat$ di/ance ( ! ,,ufo 7! pass5g] did n (f] an e/imate74 ,*iles ?\ght x pass$ !m ) a m>g9 ( only ab\t #gjj feet1 b ,:itt$ believ$ ! di/ance to be m ?an t5 times great]1 ab\t a mile & a half4 ,h[ev]1 :5 we rememb] t ^! m5 _h ! ,,ufo 9 sight = only a small fraction ( a m9ute & t _! /udy ( ! side view 78w9d[s10 8cockpit10 etc47 mu/ h be5 limit$ to ! in/ant ( pass+1 ^! disagreem5ts are n rem>kable4 ,:5 ,capta9 ,*iles & ,lieut5ant ,:itt$ report$ _! fright5+ exp]i5ce1 ! ,air ,=ce made a prompt inve/igation4 ,s9ce ,capta9 ,*iles explicitly /at$ 8 belief t ! ,,ufo 0 "u intellig5t control1 ! case requir$ c>eful consid]ation4 ,a *eck ( ! air traffic %[$ t no o!r planes _h be5 9 ! area at ! "t1 s ! object c\ld n h be5 a normal aircraft4 ,fur!rmore1 o!r equally reliable witnesses report$ see+ unusually bright meteors 9 ! ,s\!a/ t night4 ,s9ce ! b>e physical description ( ! ,,ufo1 ap>t f ! inf]5ces made1 0 id5tical ) t ( a fireball1 ,dr4 ,hynek conclud$ t x 0 an unusually bright meteor4 ,b ! climate at ,,atic t summ] 0 n fri5dly to a prosaic explanation4 ,rememb]+ ! tragic dea? ( ,capta9 ,mantell "s six mon?s e>li] :ile he 0 *as+ a ,,ufo1 !n unid5tifi$ 7p4 #cc71 "s (ficials 7 m ?an half ready to believe 9 invad+ space fleets z ! answ] to e puzzl+ ph5om5on 9 ! sky4 ,!y reject$ ! fireball explanation4 ,in/ead ( accept+ ! ,*iles-,:itt$ ,,ufo z a meteor1 !y id5tifi$ ! o!r two meteors se5 t night z ,u,f,os6 ,& yet ! evid5ce is ov]:elm+ t ! ,,ufo 0 a fireball4 ,! major meteor %[]s t occur on s*$ule e ye> h acc\nt$ = hundr$s ( alleg$ ,u,f,os ov] ! la/ fifte5 ye>s4 ,sev]al ( ^! %[]s beg9 9 mid-,july2 ?us ,july #bd falls 9 a p]iod ( greatly increas$ meteor activity1 :5 ! e>? is mov+ ?r\gh ! ,aqu>id /reams & is enc\nt]+ ! =]unn]s ( ! ,p]seids4 ,all dur+ ! ye>1 & p>ticul>ly dur+ ^! weeks ( %[] meteors1 amateur a/ronom]s ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry sp5d _m ev5+s wat*+ ! sky1 c\nt+ meteors1 mapp+ _! pa?s1 & report+ ! data to v>i\s obs]vatories4 ,on an av]age night outside ! %[] p]iods1 if !re are few cl\ds & no moon1 an exp]i5c$ wat*] may c\nt ab\t half a doz5 meteors 9 an h\r's "t1 b dur+ a %[] he usually sees _m m4 ,= ! week ( ,july #bc to #cj1 #aidh1 ! records ( ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society1 ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory1 & ! ,fl[] & ,cook ,obs]vatory %[ t1 9 spite ( ! int]f]5ce ( a bright moon1 l>ge numb]s ( meteors 7 c\nt$ & ! pa?s ( _m ( !m 7 mapp$ & plott$4 ,! reports f ! ,s\!a/ = t week h p>ticul> int]e/ = ! ,*iles-,:itt$ case4 ,a regul> obs]v] 9 ,alabama c\nt$ fifte5 meteors 9 "o h\r's wat*+ on ! ev5+ ( ,july #bd1 & tw5ty-"o 9 two h\rs ! foll[+ night,v-#bb4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,july #bf he app>5tly took a holiday1 b _m o!r p]sons saw a huge fireball t fla%$ ov] ,nor? ,c>ol9a & ,t5nessee at #i3cf ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t42 its radiant 7,,ams #bcbb71 plott$ f _m reports1 %[$ x to be a memb] ( ! ,delta ,aqu>id /ream1 !n approa*+ its maximum4 ,e>ly on ! morn+ ( ,july #bg ano!r fireball so>$ ov] ,t5nessee & app>5tly explod$,v-#bc4 ,on ! night ( ,july #bh ! ,alabama wat*] record$ fifte5 meteors1 f :i* he obta9$ ! radiants ,,ams #cbfi1 #cbgj1 & #cbga,v-#i1 p4 #eba4 ,^! facts alone--! occurr5ce ( s*$ul$ %[]s & ! numb] ( well-plott$ meteors obs]v$ dur+ ! p]iod--po9t /rongly to ! probability t ! ,*iles-,:itt$ ,,ufo 0 a meteor4 ,! probability becomes virtual c]ta9ty :5 we exam9e ! available records = ! night ( ,july #bc & morn+ ( ,july #bd1 ! p]iod :5 ?is p>ticul> ,,ufo appe>$4 ,! wat*] 9 ,alabama 0 n on duty1 b ano!r obs]v] 9 ,i[a c\nt$ f\rte5 meteors 9 "o h\r,v-#bb1 m ?an d\ble ! rate = an av]age night4 ,ab\t an h\r be=e ! ,,ufo appe>$ 9 ,alabama1 gr\nd obs]v]s at ,rob9s ,air ,=ce ,base ne> ,macon1 ,georgia1 report$ an unusually bright meteor go+ f nor? to s\?4 ,a few m9utes be=e ! ,alabama sight+1 two ,air ,=ce (fic]s fly+ betwe5 ,black/one1 ,virg9ia1 & ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 report$ an unusually bright meteor travel+ 9 a s\!rly direction4 ,:5 ,*iles & ,:itt$ obs]v$ _! ,,ufo1 its appe>ance & mann] ( motion 7 id5tical ) ^? ( _m o!r bright meteors b ! pilots1 />tl$ by ! sudd5 app>ition1 mis9t]pret$ :at !y saw4 ,!y probably ov]e/imat$ ! l5g? ( "t ! meteor 0 9 view & !y almo/ c]ta9ly und]e/imat$ ! di/ance4 ,meteors notori\sly mislead ev5 ! exp]i5c$ obs]v]1 :o (t5 sees !m disappe>+ 8j beh9d ! next hill10 :5 !y may actually be fifty or a hundr$ miles away4 ,al?\gh ! night 0 moonlit & cle> except = brok5 cl\ds1 ! witnesses _h no fix$ ref]5ce po9t by :i* to det]m9e ei!r di/ance or size4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ,*iles & ,:itt$ mis9t]pret$ ! appe>ance ( an unusually brilliant meteor1 its body gl[+ to :ite 7! mom5t>ily p]si/+ lum9\s tra9 ( a meteor (t5 has a ve9$ or fibr\s /ructure t c\ld easily h sugge/$ ! 8light$ w9d[0 & 8cockpit07 & blue inc&esc5ce 7! gl[+ 8und]c>riage07 z x ru%$ ?r\gh ! atmosph]e "s fifty miles or m away1 %oot+ (f flam+ gases 7! 8exhau/07 & vaporiz+ f ! friction ( ! atmosph]e4 ,fla%+ beyond _! range ( vision 78pull+ up into ! cl\ds071 x probably burn$ & dis9tegrat$ be=e x rea*$ ! e>?4 ,?is fre% analysis1 bas$ on meteor records = ,july #aidh1 has l$ ,,atic f9ally to remove ! ,*iles-,:itt$ ,,ufo f ! category ( ,unkn[ns &1 z ,dr4 ,hynek sugge/$ orig9ally1 add x to ! file ( record$ meteors4 ,a m rec5t sight+ t closely resembl$ ! ,*iles-,:itt$ incid5t occurr$ on ! ev5+ ( ,janu>y #h1 #aiei1 & 0 promptly report$ to ,,atic ,v-#ai4 ,two ,air ,=ce pilots 7 fly+ 9 a ,c-#de type ( aircraft f ,phillipsburg to ,brookville1 ,p5nsylvania1 at an altitude ( #hjjj feet4 ,! night 0 cle> & moonless4 ,at #f3ad ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t4 !y obs]v$ :at appe>$ to be a brilliantly light$ solid object ru%+ t[>d !m4 ,blui% gre5 9 color1 %ap$ r\ghly l a te>drop & ab\t #bjj feet 9 diamet]1 x made no audible s\nd4 ,gl[+ l a small sun1 x seem$ to be fly+ level ) ! aircraft1 less ?an a mile away & head$ /raight = ! plane4 ,! fright5$ pilot j]k$ on ! controls 9 an attempt to dodge ! object1 b almo/ be=e ! plane c\ld respond ! unkn[n _h disappe>$4 ,x _h be5 9 sight ab\t ?ree seconds4 ,9 8 (ficial report he e/imat$ t ! object _h be5 ! size ( a pool ball held at arm's l5g? & t x _h be5 n m ?an a mile away4 ,! copilot1 h[ev]1 did n agree4 ,a man ) special tra9+ & unusual exp]i5ce 9 ! /udy ( ,u,f,os1 he e/imat$ ! object to be ! size ( ! head ( a p9 held at arm's l5g? & ! di/ance to be at lea/ #cjj miles4 ,! extreme brilliance ( ! object aga9/ ! night sky1 he ?\ght1 _h made x seem l>g]4 ,9 8 op9ion1 support$ by ,air ,=ce inve/igation1 ! unkn[n _h be5 a fireball at lea/ fifty miles high t _h burn$ out & vani%$ z !y wat*$4 ,z 9 ! ,*iles-,:itt$ case1 gr\nd obs]v]s also saw ! object & ?us provid$ indep5d5t confirmation ( ! analysis4 ,a memb] ( ! ,ohio ,/ate ,univ]sity report$ to ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory t on ! night ( ,janu>y #h1 at approximately #f3ae ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t41 he _h wat*$ a brilliant blui%-:ite meteor /reak across ! sky ov] ,columbus & vani% )9 a few seconds4 ,! fireball mu/ inde$ h be5 high & spectacul> to be visible at ! same mom5t f po9ts ne>ly #cjj miles ap>t4 ,o!r ,flam+ ,u,f,os ,n all spectacul> ,u,f,os are meteors1 ( c\rse1 any m ?an !y are all planets or balloons or rockets4 ,sudd5 brilliant illum9ations ( ! night sky c h any "o ( a doz5 or m explanations4 ,! atmosph]e is cr[d$ ) pot5tial ,unkn[ns1 m ?an at any "t 9 man's hi/ory4 ,! air surr\nd+ our planet plays ho/ n only to meteors & fireballs1 birds & insects1 b also to milit>y & comm]cial planes1 private planes1 jets1 helicopt]s1 wea!r balloons1 exp]im5tal rockets1 & an ev]-gr[+ numb] ( artificial satellites4 ,an e>-%att]+ detonation t rattles a h\se or breaks a w9d[ may come f an explod+ fireball or x may come f a jet p5etrat+ ! s\nd b>ri]4 ,)\t an exact k ( all ! circum/ances1 only ! foolh>dy w\ld attempt to say positively :at caus$ any giv5 unusual a]ial ph5om5on4 ,let u consid] a sight+ t might h receiv$ v>i\s wrong int]pretations & w\ld probably h become "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ! ,u,f,os cit$ by sauc]dom1 _h inve/igators lack$ full in=mation4 ,%ortly aft] midnight "o spr+ morn+ reliable witnesses on ! ea/ coa/1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,connecticut & ,long ,isl&1 report$ a brilliant blui%-:ite object fly+ at high altitude & incr$ible spe$4 ,z x fla%$ ov]head1 x *ang$ color to become r$di%1 & sev]al small] objects app>5tly deta*$ !mselves f ! ma9 body & foll[$ x 9 ord]ly fa%ion4 ,ab\t five m9utes lat] m ?an fifte5 %ips 9 ! ,c>ibbean area obs]v$ simil> objects so>+ ov]head b ! reports v>i$ 9 _m details4 ,%ip numb] two saw brilliant %ort flames d>t+ ab\t beh9d ! ma9 body1 :i* _h a long1 tap]$ tail4 ,%ip numb] f\r saw a flam+ :ite object m brilliant ?an ! full moon4 ,%ip numb] sev5 report$ a flam+ gre5 ball foll[$ by a gr\p ( sev]al small objects4 ,%ip numb] n9e obs]v$ at lea/ fifte5 small] objects t sudd5ly sep>at$ f ! ma9 body & fell into =mation beh9d x4 ,%ip numb] elev5 saw an object ) a trail sev]al miles long1 brilliant z a peacock's tail1 s lum9\s t ! deck & sea ar\nd 7 ba!d 9 pale light z ! mass cross$ ov]head4 ,%ip numb] twelve report$1 8,! ma9 body appe>$ to h a blue-:ite head1 !n a %ort d>k space be=e ! gl[+ orange-yell[ tail4 ,tw5ty-sev5 sep>ate p>ticles 7 actually c\nt$ z !y appe>$ 9 ! ma9 plume4 ,ea* foll[$ ! ma9 body & ea* develop$ its own gl[+ tail on leav+ x40 ,! ma9 body 0 sev]al times bright] ?an ,v5us1 :ile ! (f%oots 7 ea* twice ! magnitude ( ,sirius4 ,"o obs]v] describ$ x z r\nd on top & bright blue-:ite1 :ile ! l[] half1 :i* 0 emitt+ sp>ks1 seem$ to be flatt5$ & r$di% 9 color4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ( less ?an five m9utes1 simil> objects 7 obs]v$ f ! gr\nd by witnesses 9 ! ,virg9 ,isl&s4 ,"o man 9 ,m>t9ique saw a lum9\s gre5 globe1 bright] ?an ,v5us1 foll[$ at a slight di/ance by a flam+ r$1 enorm\sly long1 cig>-%ap$ object4 ,obs]v]s 9 ,b>bados saw two huge objects foll[$ by f twelve to eighte5 8(fspr+0 %ap$ l ! ma9 body2 "s ( ! (fspr+ subdivid$ to =m two small cometlike objects4 ,! object disappe>$ into a cl\d bank & vani%$4 ,no obs]vations 7 report$ f areas f>!r s\?4 ,^! unid5tifi$ objects 7 report$ ov] an area /ret*+ f ,connecticut to ! coa/ ( ,briti% ,guiana1 a di/ance ( ab\t #bgjj miles4 ,!y flew 9 a /raight c\rse4 ,all ( ! objects 7 noiseless4 ,!y 7 rem>kably brilliant4 ,!y seem$ to h "o or m lead]s1 to dis*>ge small] objects1 & to fly 9 =mation4 ,!y ma9ta9$ a sub/antially horizontal pa?1 & only ! la/ obs]v]s1 :o saw ! ?+s disappe> into ! cl\d bank1 not$ any t5d5cy to desc5d4 ,no fragm5ts 7 ev] f\nd1 & all witnesses agre$ t ! objects 7 n l meteors4 ,if all ! obs]v]s 7 describ+ ! same s+le ph5om5on1 x 0 fly+ at ! incr$ible spe$ ( m ?an #af1jjj miles an h\r4 ,:at 0 x8 ,) only ^! facts to build on1 an inve/igator might int]pret ! sight+s accord+ to 8 own prejudices3 an invasion fleet f ano!r planet mak+ a reconnaissance 9 =ce1 ! "m %ips dis*>g+ ! small] craft at int]vals2 a mass halluc9ation2 a peculi> meteoric display4 ,)\t k ( "o ess5tial fact1 "s hundr$s ( l&sm5 & seam5 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,c>ibbean isl&s1 & ! ,briti% ,we/ ,indies might n[ feel firmly conv9c$ t !y _h witness$ a g5u9e 8,unkn[n40 ,! date 0 ,april #ad1 #aieh4 ,! privileg$ obs]v]s _h witness$ ! dea? ( ,sputnik ,,ii1 ! ,russian satellite laun*$ on ,novemb] #c1 #aieg,v-#bd4 ,! ,,ufo reports inspir$ by ?is ev5t pres5t$ no problem to ! ,air ,=ce4 ,all in=mation on ! re-entry ( artificial satellites is imm$iately accessible to ,,atic4 ,:5ev] a report$ ,,ufo %[s any possible resemblance to a fall+ satellite1 ,air ,=ce inve/igators *eck at once ) ,spacetrack4 ,a/ronom]s :o _h be5 track+ ?is satellite z x circl$ ! e>? _h pr$ict$ m ?an a mon? 9 advance t x w\ld spiral t[>d ! e>? & fall sometime betwe5 ,april #ab & ,april #ae4 ,a few days be=e ! actual ev5t !y _h ref9$ _! e/imate & pr$ict$ ! "t ( ! fall )9 a few h\rs4 ,v-#a ,meteoritics1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 #aied4 ,v-#b ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,! ,fly+ ,sauc] ,conspiracy4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiee4 ,v-#c ,biot1 ,j4 ,b4 8,acc\nt ( a ,fire-ball :i* ,fell 9 ! ,neighborhood ( ,laigle40 ,philosophical ,magaz9e1 ,vol4 ,,xvi 7#ahjc71 pp4 #bbd-bh4 ,v-#d ,:ipple1 ,f4,l41 & ,hawk9s1 ,g4 ,s4 8,meteors10 ,h&bu* d] ,physik1 ,vol4 ,,lii 7#aiei71 pp4 #eai-fd4 ,v-#e ,n9+]1 ,h4 ,h4 ,out ( ! ,sky4 ,univ]sity ( ,d5v] ,press1 #aieb2 ,new ,york3 ,dov] ,publications1 #aiei4 ,v-#f ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h4 ,p]sonal files4 ,v-#g ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,v-#h ,meteoritics1 ,vol4 ,,iii1 #aiee4 ,v-#i ,meteoritics1 ,vol4 ,i1 #aiec4 ,v-#aj ,millman1 ,p4 ,m41 & ,halliday1 ,i4 8,! ,ne>-,infra-,r$ ,spectrum ( ,meteors10 ,j\rnal ( ,planet>y & ,space ,sci5ce1 ,vol4 ,v 7#aifa71 pp4 #acg-dj4 ,v-#aa ,millman1 ,p4 ,m4 8,an ,analysis ( ,meteor ,spectra10 ,annals ( ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory1 ,vol4 ,,lxxxii1 ,nos4 #f & #g 7#aiag-cg71 pp4 #aac-gg4 ,v-#ab ,robey1 ,d4 ,h4 8,an ,hypo!sis on ! ,sl[ ,mov+ ,gre5 ,fireballs10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,briti% ,int]planet>y ,society1 ,vol4 ,,xvii 7#aiei-fj71 pp4 #cih-daa4 ,v-#ac ,kr9ov1 ,e4 ,l4 ,pr9ciples ( ,meteoritics4 ,new ,york3 ,p]gamon ,press1 #aifj4 ,v-#ad ,o',keefe1 ,j4 ,a4 8,tektites & ! ,cyrillid ,%[]10 ,sky & ,telescope1 ,vol4 ,,xxi 7#aifa71 p4 #d4 ,v-#ae ,fes5kov1 ,v4 ,g4 8,cl\d9ess ( ! ,atmosph]e ,produc$ by ! ,fall ( ! ,tunguska ,meteorite ( ,june #cj1 #aijh10 ,meteoritika1 ,vol4 ,,vi 7#aidi71 p4 #h4 ,v-#af ,n9+]1 ,h4 ,h4 8,trac+ ! ,norton1 ,kansas1 ,meteorite ,fall10 ,sky & ,telescope1 ,vol4 ,,vii 7#aidh71 p4 #bid4 ,v-#ag ,la ,paz1 ,l4 8,! ,a*ondritic ,%[] ( ,febru>y #ah1 #aidh10 ,publications ( ! ,a/ronomical ,society ( ! ,pacific1 ,vol4 ,,lxi 7#aidi71 p4 #fc4 ,v-#ah ,wilson1 ,a4 ,s4 ,lett] ,sky & ,telescope1 ,vol4 ,,xxii 7#aifa71 p4 #c4 ,v-#ai ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,v-#bj ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce4 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4 ,j43 ,d4 ,van ,no/r& ,co41 #aifj4 ,v-#ba ,*ant1 ,c4 ,a4 8,an ,extraord9>y ,meteoric ,display10 ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society ( ,canada1 ,vol4 ,,vii 7#aiac71 pp4 #ade-bae4 ,v-#bb ,olivi]1 ,c4 ,p4 8,tables ( ,h\rly ,rates ,bas$ ,^u ,am]ican ,meteor ,society ,data40 ,int]im ,report ,no4 #bh1 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,radio ,meteor ,rese>* ,program 7,may #aieh74 ,v-#bc ,:ipple1 ,f4 ,l4 ,p]sonal files4 ,v-#bd ,jac*ia1 ,l4 ,g4 8,! ,desc5t ( ,satellite #aieg ,beta ,"o10 ,smi?sonian ,a/rophysical ,obs]vatory1 ,special ,report ,no4 #ae1 ,july #bj1 #aieh4 ,*apt] ,,vi ,,liv+ ,,lights ,a gamekeep] 9 ,norfolk1 ,engl&1 9 ! ye> #ahig obs]v$ ! flight ( an unusual lum9\s object4 ,accord+ to 8 /ory1 he 0 8444 out "o v d>k night /opp+ up fox-e>?s4 ,:ile ,i 0 s engag$ ,i saw a v bright blue light pass close to my face & 0 v mu* />tl$ z ,i saw x go+ away f me 444 ,i put x d[n z "s insect40 ,aft] ! my/]i\s light reappe>$ a few nights lat]1 ! gamekeep] prud5tly began c>ry+ 8 gun & ev5tually he manag$ a %ot at ! light4 ,to 8 amazem5t he br\ght d[n 8a poor old half-/>v$ b>n owl1 ,tyto alba1 ^: body cont9u$ to gl[ = "s h\rs aft] dea?40,,vi-#a ,! ,lum9\s ,owls ( ,norfolk ,"s t5 ye>s lat]1 on ! night ( ,febru>y #c1 #aijg1 ano!r ,engli%man & 8 son :ile tak+ a walk obs]v$ a simil> lum9\s ph5om5on4 ,app>5tly ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile away1 x mov$ horizontally ov] a c\rse sev]al hundr$ y>ds 9 l5g?1 rev]s$ direction1 !n rose into ! air to ! height ( =ty feet or m4 8,x !n desc5d$ & aga9 w5t ?r\gh ! same evolutions _m times4 ,! light 0 slightly r$di% 9 ! c5tre1 & resembl$ a c>riage lamp = :i* we at fir/ mi/ook x4 ,we wat*$ x = tw5ty m9utes & 7 q at a loss to asc]ta9 its cause4 8,on ,decemb] #a/1 #aijg1 :5 aga9 rea*+ ! top ( ,twy=d ,hill1 ,i notic$ :at ,i took to be ! lamp ( a motor bicycle mov+ rapidly along ! ,b9tree road to ! s\?4 ,! light sudd5ly /opp$1 rose into ! air above ! trees & retrac$ its c\rse4 ,?is x did sev]al times1 sometimes ris+ tw5ty to =ty feet into ! air1 & !n rapidly desc5d+4 ,i call$ my groom & 8 wife f _! cottage a few hundr$ y>ds away1 & !y wat*$ x ) me = sev]al m9utes4 ,i !n w5t to my h\se ab\t half a mile (f1 & f "o ( ! attic w9d[s wat*$ x ) my son & ?ree s]vants = a %ort "t44440 ,! my/]i\s light appe>$ frequ5tly = a p]iod ( weeks1 maneuv]+ sil5tly1 its lum9osity sometimes s great t 8x lit]ally light$ up ! bran*es ( ! trees z x flew pa/ !m40 ,attempts to id5tify x ?r\gh a telescope 7 unsuccessful b ev5tually "o obs]v] 0 lucky en\gh to he> a s\nd z ! light so>$ pa/1 & at once id5tifi$ x by its unique call z a :ite owl1 ,/rix flammea,,vi-#b4 ,if ^! sight+s _h occurr$ half a c5tury lat]1 ! witnesses might well h call$ !m fly+ sauc]s4 ,?+s ,t ,gl[ 9 ! ,d>k ,! lum9\s owls ( ,norfolk h appe>$ at int]vals s9ce #ahff to fright5 ! sup]/iti\s & puzzle ! naturali/1 b orni?ologi/s manag$ to solve ! my/]y "s ye>s ago,,vi-#c4 ,! birds acquire _! tempor>y lum9osity f contact ) a common fungus1 ,armill>ia mellea1 popul>ly kn[n z 8honey-tuft40 ,?is mu%room1 :i* mycophagi/s prize = its delici\s flavor1 gr[s 9 l>ge clumps on dead trees & /umps4 ,! d>k-br[n cap is r\gh1 ) fibr\s scales1 :ile ! :ite gills are hook$ or too!d at ! end & ! spores are :ite4 ,! d5se :ite lacework ( ! root sy/em or mycelium1 :i* gives (f a phosphoresc5t light1 may p]meate ! entire tree & ext5d ev5 into ! fib]s at ! base ( ! tree4 ,wood infe/$ ) ! fungus c gl[ 9 ! d>k1 sometimes s brightly t a man c\ld read 8 wat* by its light4 ,_m ( ! tales ( fox fire1 corpse c&les1 & lant]nm5 und\bt$ly come f glimpses ( ?is fungoid phosphoresc5ce4 ,owls t seek refuge 9 ! d>k int]iors ( holl[ trees dur+ ! daytime may bru% aga9/ ! ve9s ( ! mycelium1 :i* adh]es to ! fea!r$ body4 ,flitt+ ab\t at night1 ! lum9\s bird becomes ! danc+ flame ( ! w o' ! wisp4 ,o!r lum9\s mu%rooms ab\nd 9 woods1 swamps1 & m>%y areas4 ,decay+1 !y may produce an une>?ly light & c give (f a peculi>ly unpleasant odor4 ,unexpect$ly see+ & smell+ a bird t\*$ ) ! sub/ance1 on a d>k night1 a witness might well feel bewild]$ & ev5 fright5$4 ,polyporus sulfureus1 :i* gr[s 9 d5se masses on dead trees1 (t5 phosphoresces brilliantly 9 ! e>ly /ages ( its decay1 z does ,clytocobe illud5s1 ! jack o' lant]n4 ,9 ! tropics ^! fungi may produce en\gh light to read by4 ,birds1 insects1 & animals t bru% aga9/ !m c c>ry away "s ( ! lum9\s mat]ial & ?us1 = a "t1 appe> to be lum9\s !mselves4 ,mo/ ( u recognize fireflies1 lightn+ bugs1 or gl[worms--:i* are n worms b beetles4 ,! w+less females mu/ creep on ! surface ( gr\nd or bran*1 b ! w+$ males flit ?r\gh ! air4 ,^! sp>kl+ creatures =m "p ( ! diet ( birds & bats1 & :5 c>ri$ al(t to be consum$ 9 flight c make "o m my/]i\s1 swiftly mov+ light to fright5 ! appreh5sive4 ,! e>? teems ) o!r self-lum9\s organisms su* z frogs' eggs1 :i* mo/ ( u h nev] se5 & w\ld n recognize4 ,lum9\s p>asites sometimes live 9 ! fea!rs ( birds & make !m gl[4 ,! plumage ( ! great blue h]on1 a ,nor? ,am]ican bird1 c emit a pale light sometimes kn[n z ! birds's 8lant]n0 because x is suppos$ to help him :ile fi%+4 ,fi% or meat :5 decay+ c become infect$ ) lum9\s bact]ia & ?us %9e brilliantly 9 ! d>k4 ,! sea is fill$ ) phosphoresc5t fi% & plants :i* help p]petuate tales ( sea s]p5ts4 ,"s wat]s 9 ! ,c>ibbean conta9 s d5se a population ( phosphoresc5t algae t a bird1 dipp+ its w+s to snat* a meal1 w gl[ = m9utes aft] x so>s aga9 into ! air4 ,^! lum9\s birds1 innoc5tly fi%+ = d9n]1 probably acc\nt = _m reports t fly+ sauc]s come & g f und]wat],,vi-#d4 ,_m ( ! erratically behav+ ,u,f,os obs]v$ at night ov] wood$ areas1 swamps1 & m>%es h und\bt$ly be5 "o ( ^! w o' ! wisps--w+$ creatures gl[+ ) borr[$ fire4 ,un=tunately pro( ( ?is explanation is r>ely possible4 ,be=e ! />tl$ obs]v] c recov] 8 wits ! flitt+ 8sauc]0 has gone1 tak+ ) x ! evid5ce ( its id5tity4 ,fe> ( ! unkn[n is n conf9$ to ,homo sapi5s4 ,a news item publi%$ 9 ,engl& a few ye>s ago reveals t ! animal k+dom1 too1 may h its gho/s4 ,"u ! headl9e1 ,owl ,attacks ,lum9\s ,man1 ! article reads3 8,a ,b\rnem\? long-di/ance runn]1 ,k5 ,baily1 0 attack$ by an owl la/ night :5 he 0 runn+ ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ,b\rnem\? 9 a lum9\s track suit4 ,! bird ripp$ ! front ( 8 suit be=e x flew back into ! trees4 8,baily said aft]w>ds3 #8,i he>d x hoot+ be=e x attack$4 ,! suit is lum9\s s t motori/s c see me1 b if x attracts owls l ?is ,i'd r take a *ance ) ! traffic4'0,,vi-#e ,sea ,gulls z ,u,f,os ,e>ly 9 ! aft]noon ( ,decemb] #aj1 #aida1 ?ree days aft] ! attack on ,pe>l ,h>bor1 a rese>* te*nician /&+ at ! f\r?-floor w9d[ ( a laboratory 9 ,bo/on saw a numb] ( bright objects maneuv]+ high 9 ! sky & sl[ly desc5d+ ov] ! city4 ,mak+ a quick guess at _! di/ance1 size1 & spe$1 he conclud$ t ! objects 7 p>a*utes1 ! fir/ ( a ,japanese invasion4 ,only aft] !y _h dropp$ to ! level ( a ne>by *ur* spire 0 he able to ga9 ! "r p]spective1 correct 8 e/imates1 & id5tify ! objects z sea gulls drift+ d[n ) ! w9ds4 ,a decade lat]1 ! public 0 no long] worri$ ab\t dang] f ,japan b 0 conc]n$ ab\t possible invasion f out] space4 ,sea gulls fla%+ 9 ! sun 7 int]pret$ n z p>a*utes b z fly+ sauc]s4 ,_m lum9\s ,u,f,os h 9 fact be5 ord9>y liv+ creatures1 normal inhabitants ( ! e>?--owls t _h acquir$ a tempor>y lum9osity1 sea gulls reflect+ ! sunlight1 flights ( birds reflect+ ! lights ( a t[n4 ,b 9 try+ to id5tify !m1 ! witness is influ5c$ by ! patt]n ( 8 "t4 ,9 #ahig & #aijg ! _w seem$ reasonably secure4 ,obs]v]s ( my/]i\s lights made fairly accurate e/imates ( _! di/ance & size & comp>$ !m to famili>1 ev]yday ?+s--an insect & a c>riage lamp4 ,9 #aida1 ?ree days aft] ,pe>l ,h>bor1 ! _w 0 at w> & ! obs]v]'s imag9ation1 /imulat$ by a hundr$ rumors ( imm95t ,japanese invasion1 trans=m$ cruis+ sea gulls into p>a*utes4 ,by #aiej1 :5 space travel _h become at lea/ a !oretical possibility & sci5ti/s 7 discuss+ ways to rea* ! moon1 uneasy p]sons fanta/ically ov]e/imat$ ! height & size ( my/]i\s lights 9 ! sky & sometimes saw birds z space%ips f ano!r planet4 ,a well-publiciz$ incid5t took place on ! morn+ ( ,july #af1 #aieb1 :5 a ,coa/ ,gu>d photograph] at ,salem1 ,massa*usetts1 happ5$ to glance out ( a w9d[ & see f\r bright1 egg-%ap$ objects mov+ 9 ! sky4 ,grabb+ 8 cam]a1 he manag$ to take a picture be=e ! objects 7 lo/ f view4 ,accord+ to "s sauc] en?usia/s1 c]ta9 reproductions ( ! photograph %[ typical ,u,f,os %ap$ l two sauc]s arrang$ face to face1 z ?\gh jo9$ by a r+ at ! mid-l9e,,vi-#f4 ,! (ficial ,coa/ ,gu>d photograph h[ev]1 %[s m]ely f\r bright1 fuzzy-edg$ blurs arrang$ 9 a r\gh ,v =mation4 ,only imag9ation c\ld conv]t ^! spots ( light into space%ips4 ,_m read]s ( ?is book h probably se5 simil> objects gleam+ briefly 9 ! sun1 my/]i\s = ! mom5t1 & !n id5tifi$ !m z gulls or airplanes :5 a %ift 9 ori5tation cut d[n ! reflection4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d photograph ! day 0 exceptionally cle>1 ! sun extremely bright1 & ! sky a deep blue unusual on ! ,massa*usetts coa/4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 objects reflect+ ! sun look l>g] & bright] ?an normal4 ,because ! picture 0 tak5 ) a dirty l5s ?r\gh a w9d[1 ! images 7 fur!r di/ort$4 ,s9ce ! ,u,f,os did n produce highlights on ! tops ( ! c>s 9 ! =egr\nd1 z lum9\s objects ov]head w\ld h done1 !y 7 probably n 9 ! sky at all4 ,elaborate ,air ,=ce exp]im5ts ) photo-flood lamps %[$ t ! images 7 reflections 9 ! w9d[ glass f an int]ior light s\rce beh9d ! cam]a 7see ,plate ,i,va74 ,weird & fright5+ app>itions d occur2 ,air ,=ce files bulge ) reports sugge/+ t unfamili> objects are mov+ ar\nd u day & night1 by l&1 sea1 & air4 ,imag9ation end[s !m ) life or turns !m into my/]i\s1 sauc]-%ap$ craft mann$ by creatures f ,m>s1 ,v5us1 or ev5 f "s planet ( a /> beyond our sol> sy/em4 ,! ,,ufo photograph$ ov] ,france on ,octob] #b1 #aied 7a week5d :5 e ,fr5* village 0 report+ sauc]s by ! doz571 %[s no details & might be almo/ any?+3 a bird1 a balloon1 a cl\d ( gossam]1 ! sun1 a plane1 or m]ely ! result ( a l5s defect 7see ,plate ,i,vb74 ,h[ _m ( ! ,u,f,os li/$ 9 ! sauc] publications orig9ate f birds1 insects1 & animals we _c "k1 b ! numb] mu/ be l>ge4 ,mo/ ( u h only a sket*y acqua9tance ) ! non-human =ms ( life t %>e ! e>? ) u4 ,see+ an unfamili> creature sudd5ly1 or a famili> creature "u unusual circum/ances1 we (t5 imag9e x to be :atev] we mo/ fe>--v5geful spirits ( ! dep>t$1 fire-brea?+ dragons1 devils1 p>a*utes1 or fly+ sauc]s4 ,! ,lubbock ,lights ,! lum9\s objects sight$ 9 ,texas dur+ ! la/ week ( ,augu/1 #aiea1 w\ld probably h be5 expla9$ & =gott5 9 a week's "t1 except = ! publication ( alleg$ photographs ( ! unkn[ns4 ,?is complication conv]t$ a simple incid5t into a conglom]ate ( puzzles :i*1 ?\gh actually unrelat$1 7 lump$ toge!r to =m a classic ,unkn[n4 ,! mo/ detail$ publi%$ acc\nt ( ?is case,,vi-#g1 p4 #acc ff4 conta9s a numb] ( /atem5ts t diff] 9 detail f ^? 9 ! (ficial files4 ,:5 discrepancies exi/1 ! facts z giv5 9 ?is *apt] are ^? 9 ! orig9al ,air ,=ce reports,,vi-#h4 ,! ,saturday night ( ,augu/ #be1 #aiea1 0 uncom=tably hot 9 ! ,s\?we/1 & _m p]sons sp5t ! ev5+ 9 ! relative coolness out ( doors4 ,9 ! t[n ( ,lubbock1 a pr(essor ( geology 0 sitt+ 9 8 y>d ) two gue/s1 fell[ memb]s ( ! faculty1 discuss+ micrometeorites & c\nt+ meteors1 :i* = sev]al nights _h be5 m num]\s ?an usual4 ,! sky 0 cle> & cl\dless & see+ conditions 7 ideal4 ,ab\t #i3bj ! m5 notic$ a gr\p ( fifte5 to tw5ty lights pass+ sil5tly ov]head1 go+ f nor? to s\?4 ,!y 7 obvi\sly n meteors or planes1 b disappe>$ too quickly to be id5tifi$4 ,ab\t an h\r lat] a second gr\p ( lights appe>$1 =m+ a r\gh semicircle or cresc5t l a /r+ ( beads4 ,%ortly be=e midnight a ?ird gr\p so>$ ov]head 9 a r&om patt]n 7see ,figure #aa74 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #aa4 ,s*ematic sket* ( lights obs]v$ by ! pr(essors at ,lubbock1 ,texas4 ,left1 patt]n 9 ! fir/ & ?ird sight+s2 "r1 patt]n 9 ! second sight+4 ,try+ to acc\nt = ! ph5om5on1 ! m5 agre$ t all ?ree flights _h appe>$ sudd5ly1 n gradually1 9 ab\t ! same "p ( ! sky4 ,only ! second _h %[n any sort ( patt]n1 all _h mov$ sil5tly f nor? to s\?1 _! lum9osity 0 n con/ant b _h v>i$ 9 int5sity1 & all _h disappe>$ sudd5ly1 n gradually1 at ab\t ! same po9t 9 ! sky4 ,! m5 did n agree on ! color1 :i* !y describ$ z yell[i% to :ite1 ) a s(t gl[4 ,! lights _h pass$ too swiftly = ! m5 to locate !m 9 relation to specific />s & !re 7 no cl\ds 9 ! sky2 ?us !y _h no kn[n ref]5ce po9ts by :i* to judge altitude1 di/ance1 or size4 ,s9ce ! lights _h app>5tly mov$ ov] ab\t #cj degrees ( sky 9 "o second1 h[ev]1 & ! obs]v]s e/imat$ ! altitude z #ejjj to #ej1jjj feet1 ! unkn[ns mu/ h _h an enorm\s size & an incr$ible spe$ ( f #ahjj to #ah1jjj miles an h\r--typical fly+ sauc]s4 ,und]/&ably curi\s1 ! ho/ telephon$ ! manag+ editor ( ! local newspap]1 ! ,lubbock ,ev5+ ,avalan*e1 hop+ t a pr9t$ acc\nt w\ld elicit m in=mation f o!r p]sons :o _h notic$ ! my/]i\s lights4 ,! report appe>$ 9 ! ,sunday pap]1 ,augu/ #bf1 b 9 ! days t foll[$1 no read] respond$4 ,!n on ,friday ,augu/ #ca1 five days aft] ! orig9al /ory _h appe>$ & app>5tly di$1 x sudd5ly came to life4 ,a college fre%man :o occasionally sold news photographs to ! ,lubbock pap] br\ght 9 five pictures ( a gr\p ( my/]i\s lights he _h photograph$ ! night be=e4 ,he _h be5 ly+ 9 b$ next to an op5 w9d[1 he expla9$1 & %ortly be=e midnight he _h obs]v$ a =mation ( brilliant lights mov+ rapidly across ! sky4 ,grabb+ 8 cam]a1 a ,kodak #ce-mm41 he _h ru%$ out into ! y>d &1 aft] a brief wait1 _h be5 able to photograph two simil> flights t rac$ ov]head a few m9utes ap>t4 ,ea* light _h be5 bright] ?an ,v5us1 !y _h ma9ta9$ a p]fect ,v =mation1 & _h sp$ f horizon to horizon 9 a m]e f\r or five seconds4 ,yet ?is amaz+ app>ition _h app>5tly gone unnotic$ by all except ! lucky amateur4 ,fe>+ a hoax1 bo? ! editor & ! /aff photograph] hesitat$ b1 s9ce ! negatives display$ no obvi\s evid5ce ( fraud1 !y f9ally b\ght & pr9t$ ! pictures & di/ribut$ !m ov] ! c\ntry ?r\gh ! ,unit$ ,press4 ,p all ov] ! nation c\ld n[ argue ! "q3 ,:at 7 ! ,lubbock lights8 ,a few said fly+ sauc]s4 ,_m ,texans said ducks1 plov]1 or o!r migratory f[l4 ,b ! ?+s 9 ! pictures didn't look l birds2 & if !y w]5't birds1 :at 7 !y8 ,"s p]sons bluntly call$ !m a hoax4 ,impell$ p]haps by ! gr[+ publicity1 ! /aff photograph] ( ! ,ev5+ ,avalan*e sev]al times tri$ to duplicate ! pictures by photograph+ flights ( birds at night4 ,he all[$ himself bett] equipm5t--a ,spe$graphic cam]a load$ ) a tung/5 ,,asa #hj film1 & a ,,ge no4 #bb fla%bulb 9 a conc5trat+ reflector4 ,op5+ ! cam]a to f #d4g at #a_/aj second1 he w5t up to ! ro( ( ! newspap] build+ to try 8 luck4 ,aft] a brief wait he 0 able to photograph a flock ( birds t appe>$ high ov]head1 reflect+ ! m]cury-vapor lights ( ! /reet1 fly+ noiselessly 9 a 8ragg$0 ,v =mation1 b ! image on ! negative prov$ too fa9t = use4 ,! next night he tri$ aga91 us+ a ,kodak ,reflex set at f #c4e1 ,sup] ,,xx film1 at #a_/aj second1 plus ! fla%bulb & conc5trat+ reflector4 ,! birds appe>$ on s*$ule1 b aga9 ! images prov$ too fa9t = use4 ,! exp]im5t] conclud$1 probably correctly1 t ! amateur mu/ h photograph$ some?+ mu* bright] ?an birds4 ,n until late ,octob]1 ne>ly two mon?s aft] ! orig9al incid5t1 did ! ,air ,=ce receive (ficial notice ( ! my/]y at ,lubbock1 & ,capta9 ,ruppelt ( ,,atic arriv$ to int]view witnesses 9 ,lubbock & ! neighbor+ t[ns ( ,lamessa1 ,br[nfield1 & ,big ,spr+4 ,he quickly discov]$ t he _h two my/]ies to solve in/ead ( "o s9ce1 accord+ to ! witnesses :o _h />t$ all ! excitem5t1 ! objects %[n 9 ! pictures 7 :olly unlike ! lum9\s ph5om5a obs]v$ by ! ?ree pr(essors4 ,! pictur$ lights =m$ a p]fectly geometrical1 flat ,v1 :ile ! orig9al objects _h =m$ a r&om patt]n4 ,fur!rmore ! pictures %[$ brilliant1 %>ply outl9$ lights z int5se z un%ad$ electric bulbs1 :ile ! orig9al objects _h be5 s(tly gl[+4 ,mean:ile ! pr(essors !mselves _h be5 try+ to solve _! own my/]y4 ,dur+ ,septemb] & ,octob] !y _h obs]v$ at lea/ a doz5 simil> flights1 & 9 an attempt to obta9 ! true altitude ( ! objects !y _h organiz$ a field survey1 op]at+ 9 ! c\ntry to a*ieve bett] see+ conditions4 ,two gr\ps ( obs]v]s 7 /ation$ at two diff]5t po9ts1 a measur$ di/ance ap>t1 ) radio communication betwe5 ! two4 ,by mak+ simultane\s obs]vations1 !y hop$ to calculate ! true height ( ! objects & ?us obta9 accurate e/imates ( size & spe$4 ,?is well-plann$ exp]im5t fail$ because ! lights nev] appe>$ to ! wat*]s 9 ! c\ntry ev5 on nights :5 !y 7 cle>ly visible 9 ! t[n4 ,nev]!less ! sci5ti/s did e/abli% "o fact3 ! altitude c\ld n be z high z #ej1jjj feet1 _! orig9al e/imate4 ,an a/ronom] 9 ! gr\p1 calculat+ f ! few data available1 %[$ t ! height mu/ h be5 only #bjjj to #cjjj feet1 less ?an a t5? ( ! fir/ e/imate4 ,cont9u+ 8 inve/igation1 ,capta9 ,ruppelt f\nd t o!r p]sons _h se5 ! lights on ! night ( ,augu/ #be--;& id5tifi$ !m4 ,at ,br[nfield1 ,texas1 "s ?irty miles f ,lubbock1 a ran*] & 8 wife _h be5 sitt+ 9 _! back y>d :5 !y notic$ a gr\p ( fifte5 to tw5ty lights fly+ ov]head f nor? to s\?1 sil5tly1 9 no p>ticul> =mation4 ,!y appe>$ to be v high & _h 8a k9d ( gl[1 a little bigg] ?an a />40 ,"s "t lat] a second gr\p flew ov]4 ,:5 a ?ird gr\p appe>$1 fly+ l[]1 he c\ld see t !y 7 birds2 z !y mov$ on to ! s\? & "o ( ! birds emitt$ a cry1 he recogniz$ ! famili> call ( ! plov]4 ,plov] h a w+ span ( a foot & _! oily :ite brea/s =m an excell5t surface = reflect+ ! lights b5ea? !m4 ,l mo/ old-"t resid5ts ( ! area1 ! ran*] 0 accu/om$ to ! ye>ly exodus ( migratory f[l4 ,travel+ at night 9 gr\ps ( six to tw5ty1 !y usually flew at #ajjj feet or l[] at a maximum spe$ ( ab\t fifty miles an h\r 9 ! weeks f late ,augu/ to mid-,novemb]4 ,! ran*] _h read ab\t ! pr(essors' sight+1 :i* s\nd$ exactly l 8 own4 ,x w\ld h baffl$ him1 too1 he said1 if he _h n gott5 a good look :5 ! ?ird flight circl$ ! h\se & if he _h n happ5$ to he> ! s+le call4 ,ano!r resid5t report$1 mu* lat]1 t he _h (t5 se5 su* lights & recogniz$ !m z birds4 ,"o night he _h notic$ 8a =mation ( ducks pass ov] s l[ t y c\ld actually see ! :ole bodies ) _! %9y :ite und]sides gl[+40 ,at o!r times he _h se5 ducks fly+ at l[ altitudes ) only ! und]sides gl[+ & creat+ an illusion ( objects mov+ v fa/ at a high altitude,,vi-#i4 ,9 spite ( ! ov]:elm+ evid5ce t ! orig9al objects _h be5 birds1 probably plov]1 reflect+ ! city's lights1 ,capta9 ,ruppelt *ose to reg>d !m z my/]i\s & li/$ ! pr(essors' sight+ z an ,unkn[n4 ,sev]al ye>s lat] he wrote t a natural explanation did exi/ b1 = "s reason1 he _h promis$ n to divulge x,,vi-#g1 p4 #aej4 ,/ill lat]1 he ass]t$ )\t amplification t ! lights _h be5 night-fly+ mo?s reflect+ ! blui% gre5 ( m]cury-vapor /reet lights,,vi-#aj1 p4 #bgf--;a surpris+ anticlimax1 9 view ( 8 e>li] secrecy4 ,9 a reanalysis ( ! facts made 9 #aiei1 ,major 7n[ ,lieut5ant ,colonel7 ,r4 ,j4 ,fri5d ( ,,atic & ,dr4 ,j4 ,all5 ,hynek1 sci5ce consultant1 det]m9$ beyond d\bt t ! objects _h be5 plov]4 ,! ,lubbock ,pictures ,! problem ( ! photographs rema9$4 ,9 ,dayton1 ,air ,=ce exp]ts /udi$ ! f\r available negatives4 ,! photograph] _h us$ a ,kodak #ce-mm4 cam]a1 l5s at #c4e1 ,plus-,x film1 & an exposure "t ( #a_/aj second4 ,! negatives 7 badly scrat*$ & dirty f mu* h&l+4 ,accord+ to ! photograph]'s /ory1 ea* flight ( unkn[ns _h mov$ f horizon to horizon 9 f\r to five seconds & _h pass$ directly ov]head2 he _h 8pann$0 8 cam]a ) ! movem5t ( ! objects & _h manag$ to snap two pictures dur+ "o flight & ?ree dur+ ! next4 ,analysis yield$ no sugge/ion t ! negatives _h be5 tamp]$ ) b !y (f]$ no clue to ! backgr\nd1 id5tity1 height1 di/ance1 or spe$ ( ! ?+s %[n4 ,! images !mselves1 h[ev]1 ar\s$ "s d\bts4 ,ea* frame %[$ tw5ty bright spots aga9/ a uni=m d>k backgr\nd4 ,no trace ( />s or />light c\ld be f\nd1 al?\gh ! sky t night _h be5 cle> & cl\dless4 ,! spots %[$ evid5ce ( slight motion dur+ ! exposure b ! am\nt ( blurr+ 0 amaz+ly slight1 consid]+ ! spe$ ) :i* ! photograph] claim$ to h mov$ 8 ,kodak4 ,pr(essional cam]am5 tri$ repeat$ly to duplicate ! p]=mance1 b fail$4 ,! mo/ successful try produc$ only two pictures1 badly blurr$1 9 f\r seconds4 ,! mo/ crucial discrepancy betwe5 negatives & /ory1 h[ev]1 0 reveal$ by ! patt]n ( ! spots1 :i* =m$ a flat ,v4 ,! ori5tation ( ! ,v 0 ! same on all ! negatives4 ,if ! =mation _h actually pass$ directly ov]head & ! photograph] _h pann$ ) x1 z he claim$1 !n he mu/ h tak5 all 8 pictures ei!r z ! lights approa*$ him or z !y rec$$4 ,if he _h tak5 two successive pictures1 "o z ! =mation approa*$ & ! next z x rec$$1 ! ,v w\ld h rev]s$ position 9 ! second picture--,v w\ld h *ang$ to --unless he _h manag$ to /& on 8 head :ile tak+ ! second picture4 ,& if he _h actually tak5 all 8 pictures ei!r z ! lights approa*$ or z !y rec$$1 he _h p]=m$ ! incr$ible feat ( obta9+ two cle>1 %>p photographs1 :ile pann+1 9 a m]e two seconds4 ,al?\gh ^! facts sugge/$ t ! explanation giv5 = ! pictures 0 at lea/ highly improbable1 ,air ,=ce exp]ts refra9$ f label+ !m frauds4 ,pr(essional photograph]s c und\bt$ly make v>i\s guesses z to h[ ! pictures 7 made & ! possible id5tity ( ! ,v ( bright spots1 b pro( is impossible4 ,9 ! ,air ,=ce files !y rema9 9 ! category ( ,unkn[ns4 ,o!r ,w+$ ,u,f,os ,dur+ ! era ( ! sauc]s1 w+$ creatures 7 responsible = _m ,,ufo /ories4 ,b w+$ creatures d n /ay put1 & 9 fly+ away !y usually take ) !m ! evid5ce t ! alleg$ space%ips 7 actually only birds or insects4 ,"o su* incid5t occurr$ at ,d[ney1 ,cali=nia1 on ,may #bi1 #aiea4 ,late 9 ! aft]noon ?ree te*nical writ]s = ,nor? ,am]ican ,aviation 7 /&+ outdoors *att+ & look+ at ! sky :5 sudd5ly !y notic$ ab\t ?irty gl[+1 meteorlike objects mov+ 9 ! ea/1 ab\t #de degrees above ! horizon4 ,!y made no s\nd & left no trail4 ,emitt+ an int5se electric-blue light1 ! objects made fanta/ic "r-angl$ turns & swept across ! sky 9 an undulat+ v]tical =mation1 app>5tly cov]+ ab\t #ij degrees ( sky 9 ab\t #be seconds4 ,! diamet]s ( ! objects 7 e/imat$ at #cj feet & ! spe$ at #agjj miles an h\r,,vi-#aa4 ,_m p]sons conclud$ t ! unkn[ns mu/ be int]planet>y 9 orig9 because1 z ,life magaz9e comm5t$1 no natural object hurtl+ at su* a spe$ c\ld execute a "r-angl$ turn1 & no kn[n ma*9e c\ld fly s fa/ )\t mak+ a s\nd or leav+ a trail4 ,no "o c\ld qu>rel ) ?is /atem5t1 b x has no obvi\s relation to ! incid5t 9 "q4 ,te*nical writ]s are n necess>ily tra9$ obs]v]s1 & ^! witnesses _h no way to make a reliable e/imate ( ! height ( ! objects4 ,)\t an accurate e/imate ( at lea/ "o quantity--true altitude1 true size1 or true spe$--! o!rs are mean+less4 ,! unkn[ns 7 probably birds1 b !y c\ld equally well h be5 butt]flies1 bits ( pap]1 or m]ely a%es bl[+ ov] ! two-/ory build+4 ,w+$ creatures sometimes avoid ! int]planet>y label only by /ay+ 9 sight long en\gh to be exam9$4 ,ab\t sund[n on ,may #ai1 #aiee1 swit*bo>ds at police /ations 9 ! ,los ,angeles area 7 swamp$ by telephone calls report+ a fleet ( silv]y fly+ sauc]s1 *ang+ =mation ) incr$ible spe$s 8z if play+ tag 9 ! sky40 ,"o witness1 h[ev]1 _h ! pres5ce ( m9d to get out 8 b9ocul>s & look at ! objects2 !y 7 birds ) d>k w+ tips4 ,?9k+ !y might be geese1 he call$ ! ,/ate ,division ( ,fi% & ,game1 :i* id5tifi$ ! 8sauc]s0 z a flock ( ,pelicanus ery?rorhyn*os1 an inl& species ( pelican t float on ! prevail+ w9d curr5ts,,vi-#ab4 ,sometimes an obs]v] id5tifies su* objects correctly1 b lat] beg9s to d\bt 8 own judgm5t4 ,ab\t #g3cj 9 ! ev5+ ( ,augu/ #bf1 #aief1 a man driv+ along a highway 9 ,cali=nia notic$ a flock ( ab\t n9e small birds fly+ nor?w>d1 d>k aga9/ ! blue sky4 ,9 a r&om gr\p1 !y mov$ freely among !mselves z birds d b cont9u$ 9 a nor!rn direction4 ,! witness wat*$ ! birds z c>efully z possible1 b ! int]mitt5t glimpses possible :5 a man is driv+ a c> did n all[ him to make good e/imates ( _! size or height4 ,nev]!less1 he guess$ at _! di/ance & calculat$ t !y cov]$ an arc ( #fj degrees 9 five seconds1 :i* w\ld mean a spe$ ( ab\t #ajjj miles an h\r4 ,in/ead ( que/ion+ ! accuracy ( 8 e/imate1 = "s reason he d\bt$ 8 fir/ id5tification4 ,if ! objects c\ld fly #ajjj miles an h\r1 he reason$1 !n !y 7 n birds aft] all1 & mu/ be fly+ sauc]s6,,vi-#ac ,! ,tremonton ,movies ,"o ( ! mo/ fam\s controv]sies result+ f a flight ( birds c5t]$ on ! ,tremonton1 ,utah1 films ( ,u,f,os4 ,on ! morn+ ( ,july #b1 #aieb1 a ,navy photograph] & 8 family 7 on _! way to ,cali=nia1 driv+ ne> ! t[n ( ,tremonton1 ,utah1 n f> f ! ,great ,salt ,lake4 ,at ab\t #aa3aj ,a4,m4 ! man's wife notic$ some?+ unusual 9 ! sky4 ,/opp+ ! c>1 ! man obs]v$ ab\t a doz5 %9y1 disklike objects 8mill+ ar\nd ! sky 9 a r\gh =mation40 ,gett+ out 8 movie cam]a1 a ,bell & ,h[ell #af-mm4 equipp$ ) a #c-;in* telephoto l5s1 he />t$ photograph+ ! gr\p4 ,j be=e x disappe>$ t[>d ! we/1 "o object left ! ma9 gr\p & head$ ea/4 ,! photograph] obta9$ ab\t =ty feet ( film be=e ! objects vani%$4 ,aft] develop+ ! film1 he s5t x to ! ,air ,=ce = evaluation1 toge!r ) 8 op9ion t ! objects _h be5 huge & _h travel$ at v high altitude at sup]sonic spe$s4 ,?is 0 only an impression1 h[ev]1 = z he told inve/igators f ,,atic3 8,!re 0 no ref]5ce po9t 9 ! sky & x 0 impossible = me to make any e/imate ( spe$1 size1 altitude1 or di/ance40,,vi-#h ,! pictures are ( su* poor quality & %[ s little t ev5 ! mo/ en?usia/ic home-movie fan today w\ld hesitate to %[ !m to 8 fri5ds4 ,only a /imulat$ imag9ation c\ld sugge/ t ! mov+ objects are any?+ b v badly photograph$ birds4 ,! movies %[ no?+ t c be recogniz$--m]ely bright blurs ( light mov+ at r&om4 ,_! lum9osity is n con/ant1 & ! spots fade out & !n become bright aga94 ,! frames include no cl\ds1 no trees1 no h\se1 no hill--no kn[n ref]5ce po9t by :i* to calculate ! altitude1 size1 or di/ance ( ! mov+ lights4 ,aft] exhau/ive /udy ! photographic exp]ts conclud$ t ! negatives _h n be5 tamp]$ ) & t1 unlike ! ,lubbock /ills1 ! pictures _h be5 made exactly z describ$4 ,b pictures ( :at8 ,! objects 7 n balloons & n planes4 ,at ! "t1 ! exp]ts also reject$ ! !ory t !y might be birds because1 9 _! mi/ak5 op9ion1 birds c\ld n produce su* bright reflections4 ,if ! ,tremonton movies conta9$ no pro( t ! objects 7 birds1 /ill less did !y conta9 pro( t !y 7 r\nd ma*9es f out] space1 & ,,atic f9ally classifi$ ! sight+ z 8,unkn[n40 ,lat]1 h[ev]1 ,capta9 ,ruppelt not$ ! /rong resemblance to sea gulls he obs]v$ 8rid+ a !rmal0 9 ! sky above ,san ,francisco4 ,!y 7 8s high t y c\ldn't see !m until !y bank$ j a c]ta9 way2 !n !y appe>$ to be a bright :ite fla%1 mu* l>g] ?an "o w\ld expect f sea gulls40 ,,vi-#aj1 p4 #bij ,air ,=ce inve/igators lat] conclud$ t ! fam\s ,tremonton movies %[ m]ely ! l>ge :ite gulls t so> ne> ,utah's ,great ,salt ,lake4 ,! objects 7 photograph$ %ortly be=e noon on a hot summ]'s day1 aga9/ a deep-blue sky )\t any cl\ds to obscure ! high sun4 ,! fad+ & bright5+ ( ! lights1 _! individual motion )9 ! gr\p1 & ! "o object t sudd5ly left ! gr\p1 all are consi/5t ) ! behavior ( a flock ( birds1 probably gulls1 ^: plumage is reflect+ ! sun4 ,! glossy fea!rs ( ^! birds c fla% z brilliantly z a sat9y metal surface z !y circle & *ange position ) respect to ! sun4 ,! birds c be dazzl+ aga9/ ! cle>1 d>k-blue sky ( ! we/]n /ates4 ,s brilliant is ! fla% t x :olly obscures ! object t is reflect+ ! light4 ,l _m o!r puzzl+ ,,ufo reports1 ! objects 9 ! ,tremonton movies 7 liv+ lights--a case = ! orni?ologi/ r ?an ! ,air ,=ce4 ,a bright light mov+ erratically z x cross$ & recross$ ! field ( view caus$ an exp]i5c$ pilot & copilot to execute viol5t & evasive maneuv]s 9 a flight ov] ! d>k ,pacific4,,vi-#ad ,! errant ,,ufo prov$ to be only a firefly inadv]t5tly trapp$ betwe5 ! panes ( ! d\ble w9d%ield4 ,,vi-#a ,rolfe1 ,f4 ,ea/]n ,daily ,press1 ,janu>y #af1 #aijh4 ,,vi-#b ,purdy1 ,r4 ,j4 8,! occasional lum9osity ( ! ,:ite ,owl 7,/rix flammea710 ,transactions ( ! ,norfolk & ,norwi* ,naturali/s ,society1 ,vol4 ,,viii 7#aijd-aiji71 p4 #edg4 ,,vi-#c ,gurney1 ,j4 ,h4 ,! ,zoologi/1 ,no4 #hjb 7,april #aijh71 p4 #aba4 ,,vi-#d ,bo/on ,travell]1 ,oct4 #cj1 #aifa4 ,,vi-#e ,london ,daily ,telegraph1 ,novemb] #h1 #aieh4 ,,vi-#f ,maney1 ,c4 ,a41 & ,hall1 ,r4 ,! ,*all5ge ( ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 #aifa4 ,,vi-#g ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,vi-#h ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,vi-#i ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h4 ,p]sonal files4 ,,vi-#aj ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 repr9t1 #aifj4 ,,vi-#aa ,life magaz9e1 ,april #g1 #aieb4 ,,vi-#ab ,los ,angeles ,times1 ,may #ba1 #aiee4 ,,vi-#ac ,case #bja1 ,,crifo ,orbit1 ,vol4 ,,iii 7,oct4 #e1 #aief74 ,,vi-#ad ,major ,william ,t4 ,coleman4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,*apt] ,,vii ,,panic ,! summ] ( #aieb1 ! p]iod t ,capta9 ,ruppelt call$ 8! big flap10 (f]s a hi/ory ( ! ,,ufo mania 9 capsule =m4 ,if ! newspap]s 7 to be believ$1 ! heav5s 7 cr[d$ ) armadas ( space%ips bo? visible & invisible4 ,!re 0 ev5 a mon/] /ory to add spice to ! tales4 ,yet ! panic 0 l>gely an artificial creation4 ,all spr+ ! nation's movie-go]s _h be5 flock+ to see a well-made ?rill]1 ,! ,day ! ,e>? ,/ood ,/ill1 9 :i* a my/]i\s gl[+ object appe>s 9 ! sky ov] ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 & l&s 9 ! middle ( ! city4 ,! object proves to be a fly+ sauc] f ano!r planet1 ^: inhabitants want only to help ! human race4 ,look+ some?+ l a huge poa*$ egg1 a hump 9 ! c5t] slop+ d[n to a circul> rim1 ! pictur$ vehicle (f]$ a dramatic example to anyone 9 ! mood to see a space%ip b n q sure h[ x %\ld look4 ,9 fact1 _m ( ! sauc]s describ$ 9 ! mon?s & ye>s foll[+ 7 obvi\sly bas$ on ?is model4 ,! summ]'s hy/]ia 0 also nurtur$ by ! fe>s ( "s ,air ,=ce inve/igators :o 7 conv9c$ t ,u,f,os 7 intellig5tly controll$ craft orig9at+ outside ! e>?,,vii-#a1 p4 #bhf4 ,al?\gh ^! (ficials realiz$ t :5ev] an unusually good sauc] /ory appe>$ 9 ! pap]s ! numb] ( sight+s increas$ %>ply 9 ! days foll[+1 !y app>5tly did n consid] ! possibility t ! increase result$ f ! p[] ( sugge/ion4 ,?is appreh5sive attitude1 plus ?ree publications 9 ! spr+ ( #aieb1 made ! summ]'s panic almo/ inevitable4 ,gr[? ( a ,panic ,on ,april #d ,life magaz9e publi%$ an article ^: title might well h al>m$ ! mo/ /olid3 8,h ,we ,visitors f ,out] ,space80 ,pres5t+ t5 8insoluble0 cases1 ! article manag$ to sugge/ )\t exactly say+ s t int]planet>y visitors 7 among u4 ,! v next day1 ,april #e1 ! ,air ,=ce ann\nc$ a new directive1 ord]+ ! comm&+ (fic]s ( all ,air ,=ce in/allations to make imm$iate1 high-priority reports ( all ,,ufo sight+s 9 _! areas,,vii-#a1 p4 #agh4 ,reasonably inf]r+ f ! ,life article & f ! new directive t ,def5se (ficials 7 conc]n$ by ! ?reat ( ,u,f,os1 newspap]s gave space to all tales ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,look magaz9e !n jump$ on ! b&wagon & on ,june #bd publi%$ an article1 8,hunt = ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s60 ,! public respond$ en?usia/ically4 ,hypnotiz$ by ! pre/ige ( ^! magaz9es1 ^: sauc] articles seem$ to h ! support ( ! ,air ,=ce1 ?\s&s ( well-int5tion$ b poorly equipp$ obs]v]s jo9$ 9 ! hunt1 wat*$ ! skies1 & began to cry 8,tally-ho60 at e /reak ( light4 ,nature coop]at$4 ,z 9 e summ]1 %e (f]$ a ri* display ( regul> meteor %[]s4 ,by mid-,july ,aqu>ids 9 l>ge numb]s are /reak+ ?r\gh ! sky1 to cont9ue into mid-,augu/1 & by ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/ ! ,p]seids h arriv$ to jo9 ! summ]'s p>ade4 ,! records ( ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society reflect ?is rise 9 ! numb] ( meteors4 ,9 ! nights f ,july #aj to #ca1 #aieb1 five obs]v]s /ation$ 9 ,cali=nia1 ,oregon1 ,miss\ri1 ,i[a1 & ,long ,isl&1 ,new ,york1 c\nt$ a total ( m ?an #bjjj meteors 9 "s eighty-five h\rs ( wat*+4 ,! smalle/ numb] report$ by a s+le obs]v] 9 any "o h\r 0 n9e2 ! highe/ 0 fifty,,vii-#b4 ,nature n only (f]$ dramatic fireworks 9 ! sky2 %e also produc$ exactly ! "r conditions = view+ !m4 ,dur+ ,june & ,july an unprec$5t$ heat wave lay ov] ! entire ,ea/1 driv+ swelt]+ citiz5s out ( doors to savor ! relative coolness ( ! night air4 ,fur!rmore1 ! nights 7 d>k4 ,! moon began to wane on ,july #g1 & until ne>ly ! end ( ! mon? !re 0 little moonlight to dim ! brilliance ( ! meteors fla%+ ?r\gh ! heav5s4 ,no wond] t fright5$ p hunt+ = sauc]s %\ld h _h s little tr\ble f9d+ !m1 :5 ! sky seem$ to be teem+ ) ,u,f,os4 ,by ! middle ( ,july ! n9e-man inve/igat+ =ce at ,,atic 0 all b buri$ 9 sauc] reports--m ?an =ty a day1 f> too _m to h&le ei!r promptly or adequately4 ,only a v l5g?y hi/ory ( ! sauc] era c\ld describe & acc\nt = ea* "o ( ! hundr$s ( ,u,f,os report$ dur+ ^? weeks4 ,a few ( ! mo/ publiciz$ incid5ts are li/$ "h3 ,july #b4 ,a gr\p ( ,u,f,os photograph$ ) a movie cam]a ne> ,tremonton1 ,utah 7p4 #acj74 ,july #e4 ,a ,,ufo report$ ov] an atomic plant at ,han=d1 ,wa%+ton4 7,a ,skyhook balloon47,,vii-#a1 p4 #bjc ,july #g4 ,fly+ sauc] report$ by hundr$s ( p]sons 9 ! ,pacific ,nor?we/4 7,?is spectacul> daytime meteor 0 visible = a di/ance ( #ejj miles on ei!r side ( its pa? & 0 report$ f ,wa%+ton1 ,idaho1 ,montana1 ,oregon1 ,cali=nia1 ,nevada1 ,utah1 & ,wyom+4 ,x made no s\nd & 0 s brilliant t obs]v]s call$ x ! 8,sun%9e ,fireball407,,vii-#c ,july #ab4 ,a fly+ sauc]1 gl[+ blue-:ite1 0 report$ ov] ,indiana4 7,ano!r f9e meteor47,,vii-#a1 p4 #bjc ,july #ac-ah4 ,fly+ sauc]s report$ f all /ates 9 ! ,union4 7,obs]v]s = ! ,am]ican ,meteor ,society c\nt$ an av]age ( fifte5 meteors p] h\r on ^? nights47 ,july #ad4 ,a gr\p ( sauc]s ov] ,*esapeake ,bay & ,norfolk1 ,virg9ia 7p4 #bef74 ,july #af4 ,sauc]s photograph$ by ,coa/ ,gu>dsman1 ,salem1 ,massa*usetts 7p4 #abb74 ,! sight+ hy/]ia 0 approa*+ ! critical mass1 & no special wisdom 0 requir$ to see t an explosion 0 inevitable4 ,! only "q 03 ,:]e w\ld x occur8 ,! panic f9ally rea*$ its climax 9 ! nation's capital3 ,july #ai4 ,fly+ sauc]s 7invisible7 invade ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 7,see ,*apt] ,,viii47 ,july #bf4 ,sauc]s aga9 invade ,wa%+ton 7p4 #aee74 ,july #bg4 ,sauc]s ov] ,manhattan ,bea*1 ,cali=nia 7p4 #di74 ,july #bi4 ,sauc]s ov] ,port ,huron1 ,mi*igan 7p4 #afj74 ,augu/ #a4 ,sauc] ov] ,bellefonta9e1 ,ohio 7p4 #afb74 ,mo/ ( ^! & hundr$s ( o!r ,u,f,os 7 ev5tually id5tifi$ z meteors1 />s1 balloons1 jet planes1 birds1 se>*lights1 & rad> angels4 ,ab\t ! only a]ial ph5om5on t 0 n mi/ak5 = a fly+ sauc] dur+ ^! weeks ( panic 0 ! planet ,v5us4 ,until ! end ( ,augu/ x 0 too ne> ! sun to be visible4 ,! ,sc\tma/]'s ,,ufo ,true to ! patt]n set dur+ #aidg1 ! fir/ summ] ( ! sauc]s1 ! panic ( #aieb did n end )\t an elaborate hoax & a good mon/] /ory4 ,! fam\s 8,sc\tma/]0 incid5t occurr$ at ,we/ ,palm ,bea*1 ,florida1 on ! night ( ,augu/ #ai,,vii-#a1 p4 #bbi4 ,accord+ to ! report giv5 ! ,intellig5ce (fic] at ! local air base1 ! sc\tma/] 7an ex-,m>9e7 _h (f]$ to drive f\r ( ! boys to _! homes at ! close ( ! ev5+'s meet+4 ,:ile travel+ ov] a c\ntry road bord]$ by scrub p9e & palmetto ?ickets1 he _h notic$ "s my/]i\s lights among ! p9es & decid$ he mu/ inve/igate4 ,leav+ ! fright5$ boys 9 ! c> ) in/ructions to g = help if he _h n return$ 9 fifte5 m9utes1 he took 8 ma*ete & two fla%lights & bravely set (f into ! dang]\s woods4 ,he 0 f\nd "s "t lat] by ! boys1 ! con/able1 & ! deputy %]iff1 & 0 app>5tly t]rifi$4 ,:5 he ent]$ ! woods1 he said1 he notic$ a peculi> odor & felt an oppressive s5sation ( heat4 ,on look+ up1 he saw hov]+ above him a d>k circul> object ) a turretlike dome 9 ! middle1 s l>ge t x blott$ out mo/ ( ! sky4 ,:5 he w5t clos]1 a door op5$1 a ball ( fire em]g$ & drift$ t[>d him1 envelop$ him1 & r5d]$ him unconsci\s4 ,he call$ on ! boys to confirm ! pres5ce ( ! /range lights & ! huge ma*9e1 & z fur!r pro( he exhibit$ burns 9 8 cap & on 8 face & arms4 ,s9ce sc\tma/]s are traditionally upright citiz5s1 ! /ory seem$ to m]it att5tion4 ,inve/igators f ,,atic visit$ ! sc5e1 int]view$ all p]sons conc]n$1 & s5t ! cap & ! ma*ete to ,dayton = analysis4 ,v soon1 h[ev]1 ! drama began to fall ap>t4 ,! sc\tma/]1 aft] be+ int]view$ by ,air ,=ce inve/igators1 assum$ an aura ( my/]y & /at$ publicly t he _h be5 w>n$ n to talk4 ,at ! same "t he hir$ a press ag5t & (f]$ to sell 8 /ory to ! newspap]s4 ,a /udy ( ! l&scape %[$ t ! boys c\ld n h se5 any 8ma*9e0 f ! road4 ,! t[nspeople did n consid] ! woods dang]\s4 ,aircraft prep>+ to l& at ! airport regul>ly flew ov] ! area 9 "q ) _! l&+ lights on2 to a p]son on ! road1 ! lights might seem to be flitt+ ?r\gh ! woods4 ,fur!rmore ! /udy %[$ t ! sc5e _h be5 set 9 advance = a fright5+ incid5t4 ,z !y drove along ! lonely road1 ! sc\tma/] _h be5 talk+ ab\t fly+ sauc]s &1 aft] he /opp$ ! c>1 _h w>n$ ! boys t !y might ne$ to g = help4 ,! man's reputation = v]acity1 too1 began to melt away1 & "o t[nsman rem>k$ t if ! sc\tma/] claim$ t ! sun 0 %9+1 he'd look up to see = himself be=e accept+ ! /atem5t4 ,! knife & cap %[$ no radioactivity4 ,! laboratory report f ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation %[$ t ! burn on ! cap 0 made by a cig>ette1 & ! 8burns0 on ! h& & arm prov$ to be only sup]ficial scor*+ ( ! hair & c\ld easily h be5 produc$ by ! flame ( a kit*5 mat*4 ,?is inve/igation co/ ! usual am\nt ( "t & money1 b x 0 unque/ionably a hoax,,vii-#d4 ,mon/] 9 ,we/ ,virg9ia ,! f9al incid5t 9 ! summ]'s panic occurr$ on ! ev5+ ( ,septemb] #ab :5 a family gr\p ne> ! t[n ( ,sutton1 ,we/ ,virg9ia1 saw a flam+ object fla% across ! sky & app>5tly l& on a ne>by hill4 ,tak+ _! fla%lights1 !y set out to inve/igate &1 on rea*+ ! hill1 smell$ an unpleasant odor4 ,:5 !y turn$ on _! fla%lights1 !y /at$1 !y saw two r$ eyes gl>+ at !m2 a huge mon/]1 t5 feet tall1 brea?+ fire1 ) a bright-gre5 body & a blood-r$ face1 waddl$ t[>d !m1 & !y turn$ & ran,,vii-#e4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators conclud$ imm$iately t ! flam+ object fir/ se5 0 ! meteor obs]v$ t night by ?\s&s ( p]sons 9 ,virg9ia & ,we/ ,virg9ia & report$ (ficially to v>i\s obs]vatories4 ,:at ! fright5$ family saw :5 !y rea*$ ! hilltop & fla%$ ! light 0 probably ! gl[+ eyes or body ( "s mundane creature ( ! woods4 ,a local gr\p ( civilian sauc] inve/igators reject$ ?is explanation1 z usual1 & aft] mak+ its own /udy conclud$ t ! mon/] /ory c\ld v well h be5 true6 ,! mon/] is n[ en%r9$ 9 ,we/ ,virg9ia hi/ory,,vii-#e1 & =ms ! subject ( a new ballad writt5 by ,c9dy ,coy & set to ! tune ( 8,sweet ,betsy f ,pike40 ,"o v]se & ! *orus w suffice3 ,! size ( ! phantom 0 a sight to behold1 ,gre5 eyes & r$ face1 s ! /ory 0 told4 ,x float$ 9 air ) f+]s ( flame4 ,x 0 gone ) a hiss j z quick z x came4 ,*orus3 ,oh1 ,phantom ( ,flatwoods1 f ,moon or f ,m>s1 ,maybe f ,god & n f ! />s1 ,please tell u :y y fly o'er our trees ,! end ( ! _w or an om5 ( peace8 ,! ,panel ( ,civilian ,sci5ti/s ,:5 aft] ?ree mon?s ( con/ant ?reat no fly+ sauc]s _h yet tri$ to invade ! c\ntry1 ! acute phase ( ! panic subsid$4 ,nev]!less1 responsible (ficials 9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se 7 uneasy1 & ,air ,def5se 0 p>ticul>ly worri$ by ! problem ( ! rad> phantoms1 ^: cause 0 n fully und]/ood 7see ,*apt] ,,viii74 ,ev5 if ,u,f,os prov$ to be normal ph5om5a1 o!r v real dang]s exi/$ 9 ! situation4 ,if ! public believ$ 9 ! possibility ( extrat]re/rial antagoni/s1 a clev] enemy on e>? simply by fabricat+ a few incid5ts c\ld easily induce a mass hy/]ia t might p>alyze ! c\ntry4 ,also1 if ! numb] ( sauc] reports %\ld be greatly multipli$ by "s artificial /imulus1 _! %e] numb]s w\ld clog communication *annels1 int]f]e ) ! ,e>ly ,w>n+ ,sy/em1 & at a "t ( imm95t attack f ano!r "p ( ! globe might cause a disa/r\s ?ree- or f\r-h\r delay 9 ! activation ( ! ,air ,=ce network4 ,gov]nm5t (ficials1 unc]ta9 ( ! facts1 7 reluctant to decide or to /ate :e!r !re 0 or 0 n conv9c+ evid5ce ( extrat]re/rial surveillance4 ,to cle> up ! pot5tially explosive atmosph]e1 ! ,(fice ( ,sci5tific ,intellig5ce 7,,osi71 "u ! ,c5tral ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy1 decid$ to consult out/&+ civilian exp]ts & invit$ c]ta9 em95t sci5ti/s to /udy & evaluate ! evid5ce4 ,= ?is purpose ,air ,=ce inve/igators assembl$ ! complete data on ! cases !y consid]$ mo/ significant4 ,!y also prep>$1 on _! own initiative1 an un(ficial report sett+ =? ! evid5ce :i*1 9 ! op9ion ( sev]al inve/igators1 prov$ conclusively t ,u,f,os 7 int]planet>y objects op]at+ "u intellig5t control4 ,aft] a prelim9>y meet+ late 9 ,novemb] #aieb1 ! panel met on ,janu>y #ab1 #aiec1 to beg9 _! /udy4 ,! *airman 0 ! late ,dr4 ,h4 ,p4 ,rob]tson1 ma!matician & physici/1 ( ! ,cali=nia ,in/itute ( ,te*nology at ,pasad5a4 ,! o!r memb]s 7 ,dr4 ,luis ,w4 ,alv>ez1 physici/1 ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,cali=nia at ,b]keley2 ,dr4 ,lloyd ,v4 ,b]kn]1 an exp]t on radio propagation2 ,dr4 ,samuel ,a4 ,g\dsmit1 physici/1 ( ,brookhav5 ,national ,laboratory2 & ,dr4 ,?ornton ,w4 ,page1 a/ronom]1 ( ,johns ,hopk9s ,univ]sity1 ,baltimore4 ,also pres5t 7 sev]al (fic]s ( ! ,,osi4 ,to avoid possible bias1 ,air ,=ce (fic]s :o _h actively work$ on ,,ufo cases & civilians :o 7 closely id5tifi$ ) su* /udies 7 n ask$ to att5d4 ,! cases /udi$ includ$ all ! 8classics10 su* z ! ,tremonton & o!r movies1 ! ,mantell & ,gorman affairs1 ! rad> sight+s at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 z well z o!r less well-kn[n reports4 ,"o incid5t t p>ticul>ly engag$ ! att5tion ( ! panel1 & w\ld probably h become a fam\s classic except t ,air ,=ce inve/igators _h kept x a /rict secret1 0 ! sight+ at ,presque ,isle ,air ,=ce ,base 9 nor!rn ,ma9e4 ,on ,octob] #aj1 #aieb1 at ab\t #aj ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t41 a gr\p ( wea!r obs]v]s _h notic$ a bright-orange object hov]+ l[ on ! ea/]n horizon & _h set up a !odolite to measure its altitude & be>+4 ,z ! gl[+ unkn[n sl[ly rose high] above ! horizon & seem$ to come clos]1 x appe>$ ?r\gh ! telescope ( ! !odolite z a circul> disk accompani$ by f\r flick]+ gre5 lights1 two on ea* side4 ,al>m$ by ?is spectacul> ph5om5on1 ! obs]v]s call$ ! ,air ,=ce ,base at ,lime/one1 "s tw5ty miles nor? & ea/1 to ask :e!r ! object 0 visible !re4 ,x 04 ,sett+ up a !odolite1 ! ,lime/one obs]v]s measur$ ! height & be>+1 & bo? gr\ps ( obs]v]s s5t ! record$ data to ,,atic4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ab;a4 ,! ,presque ,isle sight+ f two /ations2 ! errone\s det]m9ation ( ,nor? at ,lime/one seems to indicate a ne>by ,,ufo4 ,"h 0 ! k9d ( situation ! inve/igators _h be5 hop+ =3 simultane\s obs]vations ( a s+le object1 made f two diff]5t /ations a kn[n di/ance ap>t4 ,calculations bas$ on ! altitudes & be>+s report$ by ! two /ations yield$ fanta/ic results4 ,9 a plot ( ! data 7%[n s*ematically 9 ,figure #ab;a7 ! prolong$ l9es int]sect$1 indicat+ a gr\p ( unkn[ns hov]+ #ajj miles above ! e>? & m ?an #ej miles (f ! ,ma9e coa/1 ( trem5d\s size & mov+ at high spe$4 ,conclud+ t ! objects mu/ h come f out] space1 or 7 possibly a new type ( orbit+ vehicle ( ,russian orig91 ! ,air ,=ce _h promptly clamp$ d[n ! security lid4 ,:5 ,,atic's sci5ce consultant1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,all5 ,hynek1 look$ at ! data1 he j z promptly disagre$ ) ^! ideas & cle>ly id5tifi$ ! unkn[n z ! planet ,jupit]1 :i* _h ris5 at #f3jc ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t4 & at #aj3jj 0 ! brighte/ object 9 ! ea/]n sky4 ,! believ]s 9 ! extrat]re/rial !ory 7 !n 9 ! majority at ,,atic1 h[ev]4 ,!y _h refus$ to accept ! id5tification1 & submitt$ ! ,presque ,isle sight+ to ! panel z a prize example ( ,,ufo surveillance4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ab;b4 ,! ,presque ,isle sight+ f two /ations2 ! correct$ det]m9ation ( ,nor? indicates ,jupit] at inf9ity4 ,! panel memb]s quickly dispos$ ( ! case4 ,! measurem5ts report$ f ,presque ,isle obvi\sly po9t$ directly to ! planet ,jupit]1 n a m]e #ajj b millions ( miles beyond ! e>?4 ,if a con/ant correction 0 appli$ to ! be>+s f ,lime/one1 !y also agre$ ) ,jupit]'s position4 ,c>eless use ( ! !odolite _h produc$ an error 9 ! data4 ,to measure ! angle ( an object above ! horizon1 ! obs]v] has only to make sure t ! !odolite is level1 b to measure ! be>+ he mu/ align x ) true nor?1 a direction t _c be det]m9$ by guesswork4 ,! ,lime/one obs]v]s _h made a mi/ake 9 det]m9+ true nor? & _h ?us obta9$ a wrong be>+ = ! unkn[n4 ,:5 ! correct$ data 7 plott$ 7%[n s*ematically 9 ,figure #ab;b7 ! prolong$ l9es 7 p>allel1 & bo? po9t$ squ>ely to ! planet ,jupit] at inf9ity4 ,! orange light 0 unque/ionably ,jupit]1 & ! accompany+ gre5 lights 7 its f\r bright satellites tw9kl+ ?r\gh ! lay]s ( ! e>?'s atmosph]e4 ,amaz$ t ?is uncomplicat$ case1 already expla9$ by ,dr4 ,hynek1 %\ld h be5 (f]$ z evid5ce = ! extrat]re/rial orig9 ( ,u,f,os1 ! panel ext5d$ its inve/igation to ! orig9al obs]v]s at ,presque ,isle4 ,! witnesses !re 7 bewild]$ by ! inquiry2 !y _h *eck$ ! object :5 x appe>$ aga9 on ! night ( ,octob] #aa1 !y said1 & _h !n id5tifi$ x z ! planet ,jupit]1 b !y _h n ?\ght x necess>y to notify ! ,air ,=ce6,,vii-#d ,= five long days ! panel work$1 analyz+ e available bit ( evid5ce z x relat$ to f\r alt]native !ories3 #a7 t ,u,f,os 7 a sup]secret device ( "s sort be+ develop$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 #b7 t ,u,f,os 7 a sup]secret device be+ develop$ by "s =eign p[]2 #c7 t ,u,f,os 7 normal ph5om5a wrongly int]pret$2 & #d7 t ,u,f,os came f o!r planets4 ,z ! panel succe$$ 9 expla9+ "o aft] ano!r ( ! fifty or s submitt$ cases1 or 0 able to sugge/ a highly probable solution 9 t]ms ( normal physical ph5om5a1 ! memb]s rea*$ _! conclusion4 ,!ory numb] "o !y reject$ ) complete c]ta9ty2 !y 7 #ih p] c5t c]ta9 t !ory numb] two 0 wrong1 & #ii p] c5t sure t numb] f\r 0 also incorrect 7sci5ti/s are reluctant to accept any negative belief ) absolute c]ta9ty74 ,! docum5t submitt$ un(ficially by ,,atic inve/igators !y also reject$ = lack ( evid5ce4 ,all ! facts1 !y decid$1 support$ !ory numb] ?ree1 t ! report$ ,u,f,os 7 m]ely natural ph5om5a1 wrongly int]pret$,,vii-#f4 ,! panel deliv]$ ?is evaluation to ! ,(fice ( ,sci5tific ,intellig5ce1 toge!r ) a recomm5dation t gov]nm5t ag5cies %\ld imm$iately ab&on ! policy ( secrecy reg>d+ ,,ufo reports & %\ld make public all ! facts 9 e case4 ,un=tunately ?is recomm5dation 0 n foll[$4 ,! report includ$ "s r cau/ic comm5ts on ! g5]al inadequacy ( ! inve/igative te*niques t _h be5 us$4 ,z "o ( ! memb]s rem>k$ un(ficially1 try+ to get to ! bottom ( "s ( ! sight+s 0 l cutt+ treacle4 ,! panel report ) its blunt criticisms 0 ( c\rse n int5d$ = public release &1 und]/&ably1 0 kept classifi$4 ,al?\gh ! ,,osi _h ask$ = an exp]t op9ion1 "s ,air ,=ce & gov]nm5t (ficials 7 unwill+ to accept ! v]dict :5 !y got x1 & flatly refus$ to believe t ,u,f,os 7 normal ph5om5a,,vii-#g4 ,:5 e*oes ( _! disagreem5t escap$ ! security scre51 civilian sauc] en?usia/s conclud$ ) "s ju/ification t ,air ,=ce (ficials 7 8cov]+ up40 ,!y 74 ,!y 7 n hid+ any pro( t fly+ sauc]s came f out] space1 h[ev]1 z ! sauc] addicts *>g$1 b 7 m]ely try+ to conceal _! own confusion & ! panel's criticisms4 ,z "o memb] ( ! panel lat] /at$ to a correspond5t1 ! explanation ( ,,ufo beliefs 8lies 9 a logical defect4 ,x is ?is3 ,u,f,os =m a class ( all cele/ial obs]vations t _c be imm$iately expla9$4 ,!re is no o!r truly common feature2 "s manife/ations are optical1 o!rs are detect$ by rad>2 "s are po9ts1 o!rs circul>1 o!rs patt]n$2 "s are se5 by night1 o!rs by day1 etc4 ,! implication t !y are someh[ relat$ is a false "o1 z we "k f ! l>ge proportion positively id5tifi$ aft] ! fact 7:at relation is !re betwe5 ,v5us & a meteorological balloon874 ,call+ all unid5tifi$ objects 9 ! sky #8fly+ sauc]s' or ev5 ,u,f,os 7,v5us doesn't #8fly' 9 any prop] s5se ( ! ^w7 is l call+ any ^w ,i _c und]/& #8,greek4' ,! class ( all words ,i _c und]/& w\ld sc>cely =m a s+le language4 ,!re=e1 ! explanation ( ,u,f,os z a class is simply t !y are n a uni=m class b a hodge-podge ( widely disp>ate1 p>tly describ$ ph5om5a t 7 se5 9 ! sky40,,vii-#h ,n until ,april #i1 #aieh1 did ! ,air ,=ce make public ! int]nal recomm5dation made by ! panel "s five ye>s e>li]4 ,if ! entire /udy _h be5 releas$ e>li]1 ) a full /atem5t ( ! facts & ! analyses made by ! panel1 x might h end$ ! sauc] sc>e at once4 ,in/ead ! ,,ufo hy/]ia cont9u$1 ) p]iods ( remission1 & is /ill dy+ a sl[ & l+]+ dea?4 ,,vii-#a ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,vii-#b ,olivi]1 ,c4 ,p4 8,tables ( ,h\rly ,rates ,bas$ ^u ,am]ican ,meteor ,society ,data40 ,int]im ,report ,no4 #bh1 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity ,radio ,meteor ,rese>* ,program 7,may #aieh74 ,,vii-#c ,sky & ,telescope1 ,vol4 ,,xi 7#aieb71 p4 #cab4 ,,vii-#d ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,vii-#e ,b>k]1 ,g4 ,!y ,knew ,too ,mu* ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,univ]sity ,books1 ,inc41 #aief4 ,,vii-#f ,rob]tson1 ,h4 ,p4 ,p]sonal files4 ,,vii-#g ,*op1 ,a4 ,m4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,,vii-#h ,page1 ,t4 ,w4 ,p]sonal files4 ,*apt] ,,viii ,,phantoms ,,on ,,rad> ,! evid5ce ( rad>1 accord+ to ! sauc] en?usia/s1 provides f9al pro( t ali5 space%ips inde$ patrol our skies4 ,because rad> is an electronic device1 x alleg$ly _c be fool$ by mirages1 reflections1 or peculi> wea!r conditions4 ,if rad> records an e*o f an unid5tifi$ object &1 at ab\t ! same "t1 a human witness reports a puzzl+ light 9 ! sky1 ! believ]s proclaim t ! unprejudic$ te/imony ( sci5ce has confirm$ ! pres5ce ( a solid fly+ sauc]4 ,sometimes a rad>scope reports unid5tifi$ objects at a "t :5 obs]v]s on ! gr\nd & 9 se>* planes _c see any?+ unusual 9 ! sky4 ,! believ]s !n conclude n t rad> evid5ce c be mis9t]pret$1 b t ! op]ators ( ! fly+ sauc]s may someh[ be able to make bo? !mselves & _! %ips invisible6,,viii-#a ,rad> z a ,report] ,any ,,ufo inve/igator :o presumes to evaluate electronic evid5ce %\ld h mu* m ?an an amateur's k ( ! nature & behavior ( rad>4 ,correct int]pretation ( ! signals requires tra9+1 exp]i5ce1 skill1 & an exp]t's acqua9tance ) ! peculi>ities ( ! set "u v>y+ conditions4 ,b ev5 ! exp]t does n yet und]/& ! causes ( all ! ph5om5a t c appe>4 ,he is limit$ by our /ill incomplete k ( dynamic meteorology--precise in=mation ab\t ! composition ( ! atmosph]e & h[ x int]acts ) micr[aves4 ,) prop] in/rum5tation & fir/-rate op]ators1 rad> c correctly report ! approximate direction1 di/ance1 altitude1 & rate ( motion ( objects )9 its range4 ,if ! returns are mis9t]pret$1 h[ev]1 rad> c seem to give false reports4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ac4 ,s*ematic view ( rad> t>gets on successive sweeps ( ! ant5na4 ,rad> is n a ,,tv cam]a or a photographic l5s4 ,x does n1 at lea/ at pres5t1 produce a picture ( ! physical appe>ance1 %ape1 size1 or color ( ! ?+ x detects4 ,! scope %[s only t9y spots ( light on ! flat surface ( a scre54 ,a po9t] some?+ l a clock h& cont9ually sweeps ar\nd ! dial at a giv5 spe$4 ,a complete rotation may take f two to fifte5 seconds1 dep5d+ on ! type ( ! set4 ,?is sweep h& keeps pace ) ! rotation ( ! rad> ant5na z x scans ! sky by s5d+ out radio pulses4 ,:5 !y enc\nt] a solid object1 !y b\nce (f & return to ! set z e*oes :i* %[ z 8blips10 or spots ( light1 on ! rad>scope4 ,! op]ator mu/ int]pret ^! spots & try to id5tify !m z planes1 helicopt]s1 balloons1 %ips1 m\nta9s1 cl\ds1 birds1 /orms1 hurricanes1 or phantom e*oes ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,safe comm]cial fly+ dep5ds on ! accuracy ( ^! id5tifications1 z does ! security ( ! c\ntry 9 p]iods ( int]national t5sion4 ,rad> only reports4 ,x does n int]pret4 ,if ! sweep h& on successive rotations %[s a spot ( light app>5tly mov+ f position ,a to position ,b1 to ,c1 to ,d1 ! op]ator g5]ally concludes t ! blips repres5t a s+le object t is mov+ at a c]ta9 spe$ 9 a c]ta9 direction 7see ,figure #ac74 ,if successive sweeps %[ a spot ( light t rema9s at position ,a1 he usually concludes t x repres5ts a /ation>y object4 ,if ! blip moves a v great di/ance 9 ! int]val betwe5 two sweeps or seems to jump erratically f "o position to ano!r1 an amateur might int]pret x z a spacecraft fly+ at incr$ible velocity--a fly+ sauc]4 ,b an exp]t w\ld probably conclude1 especially "u c]ta9 wea!r conditions1 t ! scope 0 pick+ up e*oes f two or m sep>ate objects1 "o reflect+ briefly at position ,a1 ano!r at position ,b1 & s on4 ,! ,pr9ciple ( ,rad> ,rad> is an electronic assembly f> too complex = detail$ description "h1 b its basic pr9ciple is simple4 ,x is m]ely an e*o ma*9e t reflects radio waves in/ead ( s\nd waves4 ,to illu/rate by a r\gh analogy1 let u imag9e t a man is /&+ 9 ! middle ( an op5 field on a v d>k night4 ,he wants to f9d out some?+ ( ! cont\rs ( ! surr\nd+ c\ntry b 8 only tools are a compass1 a wat* ) lum9\s dial & h&s1 & a l>ge megaphone4 ,he raises ! megaphone to 8 lips1 po9ts x directly nor?1 & gives a %>p & pi]c+ call3 8,hi60 ,he n[ cups 8 h& to 8 e> & li/5s = an e*o4 ,he>+ no reply1 he d$uces t 9 ! nor? !re are no hills1 tall build+s1 or o!r ob/ructions t might h produc$ an e*o4 ,*ang+ 8 position1 he turns to ! ea/ & tries ! exp]im5t aga94 ,aft] an int]val 8 call returns z a fa9t e*o3 8,hi60 ,! "t elaps$ betwe5 call & e*o1 accord+ to 8 wat*1 is t5 seconds4 ,8 call has tak5 five seconds to rea* ! object & five seconds m to return4 ,s9ce he kn[s t s\nd travels at ! rate ( ab\t #ajjj feet a second1 he d$uces t an ob/ruction lies 9 ! ea/1 ab\t #ejjj feet away4 ,sl[ly *ang+ position1 he repeats 8 call at v>i\s po9ts ar\nd ! compass4 ,"s e*oes take long] to return ?an o!rs1 indicat+ m di/ant objects4 ,o!r e*oes come back 9 a fraction ( a second1 %[+ an object v close4 ,?us he gradually con/ructs a m5tal map ( ! surr\nd+ t]ra94 ,rad> detects & locates objects 9 a simil> way1 by reflect+ %>p pulses ( radio waves4 ,b spuri\s e*oes1 :i* sometimes deceive ! op]ator1 c also appe> on ! scope4 ,^! 8anomal\s0 or abnormal returns may h "o ( sev]al causes1 includ+ ! nature ( ! rad> me*anism itself4 ,to help expla9 ?is1 let u g back to our analogy ( ! man 9 ! op5 field4 ,let u suppose t ! man has me*aniz$ 8 device4 ,to ease ! /ra9 on 8 vocal cords1 he has built a megaphone ) a record-play+ device4 ,! megaphone rotates automatically & s5ds out a record$ 8,hi60 once e tw5ty seconds1 z regul> z clockwork4 ,to increase ! s5sitivity ( 8 he>+1 he we>s e> trumpets t po9t 9 ! same direction z ! megaphone4 ,?is proc$ure is m effective ?an cupp+ 8 e>s & elim9ates "s ( ! extrane\s noise t might come 9 f ! re> & ! sides4 ,) ?is improv$ equipm5t ! man n[ repeats 8 exp]im5t4 ,z be=e1 he gets no signal f ! nor?4 ,:5 he turns to ! ea/ he gets an e*o aft] t5 seconds1 j z he did dur+ 8 fir/ exp]im5t4 ,z he cont9ues to turn sl[ly1 l a m9ute h& on a clock dial1 he m5tally maps ! positions ( ! e*oes z di/ances along ! h& f ! c5t] ( ! dial1 & comp>es ?is new map ) ! crude "o he con/ruct$ e>li]4 ,basically ! two agree4 ,b wait6 ,f ! s\?we/ he he>s a new e*o t did n occur 9 8 e>li] exp]im5t4 ,x returns aft] two seconds & ?us app>5tly comes f an ob/ruction #ajjj feet away4 ,puzzl$1 ! man decides to walk t[>d ! object & *eck 8 obs]vation4 ,aft] he has cov]$ half ! di/ance he /ops1 s5ds out a call1 & li/5s = ! e*o4 ,! indicat$ di/ance to ! e*o-produc+ object is n[ #ejj feet1 j z he calculat$4 ,& s he goes on1 *eck+ at int]vals4 ,:5 he has cov]$ #iij feet he kn[s t he %\ld rea* ! ob/ruction at any mom5t & to avoid collid+ ) x 9 ! d>kness he proce$s ) extreme caution--#iie1 #iif1 #iig1 #iih1 #iii feet4 ,he puts out 8 h&1 expect+ to t\* a build+ or a /one wall1 & w>ily takes ! la/ /ep4 ,b he f9ds no /ructure ( any k9d1 m]ely level gr\nd4 ,& at ! same mom5t he f9ds to 8 a/oni%m5t t he c no long] detect ! e*oes he _h be5 foll[+4 ,:at has happ5$8 ,has 8 equipm5t be5 malfunction+8 ,or 0 ! unkn[n /ructure p]haps a vehicle f out] space t wait$ until he 0 practically t\*+ x & !n rose sil5tly 9 an enorm\s bur/ ( spe$ & vani%$8 ,! man *ecks & f9ds t 8 equipm5t is function+ p]fectly1 s9ce he c /ill pick up e*oes f ! t]ra9 he _h mapp$ e>li]4 ,he !n walks back t5 feet & li/5s once m = an e*o f ! phantom /ructure4 ,aga9 he gets a signal1 app>5tly f an ob/ruction j t5 feet ahead4 ,has ! my/]i\s object sudd5ly return$8 ,b h[ c\ld x h done s )\t di/urb+ ! atmosph]e or mak+ a noise8 ,by ?is "t our man is fright5$ z well z puzzl$1 b he boldly decides to make "o m exp]im5t4 ,he walks aga9 to ! po9t :]e ! ob/ruction %\ld be4 ,signal+ aga9 to ! s\?we/1 he n[ gets a fa9t e*o app>5tly f a di/ance ( #aj1jjj feet4 ,tir$ z he is1 he />ts walk+ t[>d ?is new ob/ruction & ev5tually rea*es 8 goal4 ,he n[ f9ds ! true s\rce ( ! returns--a high hill t rises abruptly f ! pla94 ,! hill is #aj1jjj feet away f ! position indicat$ by ! orig9al s]ies ( e*oes1 & #aa1jjj feet away f ! place he /ood :5 he fir/ s5t out ! signals4 ,f9ally ! man figures out ! explanation4 ,:5 he made 8 fir/ exp]im5t1 ) primitive equipm5t1 he _h giv5 "o %>p %\t & !n wait$ = a long "t = ! signal to return2 ?us !re 0 nev] any unc]ta9ty ab\t ! s\rce ( ! e*o4 ,! "t t elaps$ betwe5 %\t & return _h cle>ly indicat$ ! di/ance ( ! e*o-produc+ object4 ,b ! improv$ automatic equipm5t ( ! second exp]im5t produc$ a tra9 ( signals go+ out cont9u\sly at regul> int]vals1 tw5ty seconds ap>t4 ,!re=e :5 ! s\nd waves enc\nt]$ a def9ite object1 a tra9 ( e*oes began com+ back1 tw5ty seconds ap>t4 ,an object at a di/ance ( #aj1jjj feet w\ld return an e*o 9 tw5ty seconds2 ano!r object at a di/ance ( #aa1jjj feet w\ld return an e*o 9 tw5ty-two seconds4 ,b an e*o f ?is second object w\ld rea* ! li/5] at exactly ! same "t z an e*o f an object only #ajjj feet away4 ,he n[ und]/&s :y he seem$ to detect a /ructure at a di/ance ( #ajjj feet :i* disappe>$ z he approa*$ & !n reappe>$ #aj1jjj feet f>!r away4 ,9 fact1 ! object t return$ ! mis9t]pret$ e*o c\ld h be5 #bj1jjj or #cj1jjj or #dj1jjj feet f>!r away--any multiple ( #aj1jjj feet4 ,l>ge numb]s ( signals 7 return+ e tw5ty seconds4 ,! man _h no way ( decid+ = c]ta9 :e!r a p>ticul> e*o came f ! mo/ rec5t signal & !re=e indicat$ a relatively close object1 or :e!r x came f an e>li] signal & !re=e f a m di/ant object4 ,broad5+ 8 exp]im5t our man ev5tually le>n$ o!r *>act]i/ics ( ^! e*oes4 ,he f\nd t on ! av]age day he 0 r>ely plagu$ by ?is unc]ta9ty 9 id5tify+ ! returns4 ,! second-r\nd e*oes 7 v weak1 almo/ undetectable1 & !re=e caus$ no major problem4 ,b on o!r days1 "u diff]5t wea!r conditions1 s\nd t5d$ to travel long di/ances )\t los+ mu* 9 int5sity4 ,on su* days ! e*oes 7 (t5 confus+4 ,wea!r & ,rad> ,e*oes ,rad> is an e*o ma*9e t reflects radio waves in/ead ( s\nd waves4 ,in/ead ( travel+ at ! spe$ ( s\nd1 ab\t #ajjj feet a second1 radio waves travel at ! velocity ( light1 #ahf1jjj miles a second4 ,successive pulses g out at v %ort int]vals1 p]haps "o "o-?\s&? ( a second ap>t1 s t ea* pulse is foll[$ by ano!r j #ahf miles beh9d x4 ,if ! op]ator gets a return f an object t is app>5tly at a di/ance ( #be miles1 he mu/ sometimes all[ = ! possibility t he is gett+ a second>y e*o & t ! actual di/ance may be diff]5t4 ,! object t produces ! e*o may be at a di/ance ( #be plus #ahf miles1 or #be plus twice #ahf miles1 or #be plus any o!r :ole-numb] multiple ( #ahf miles4 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances1 ! reflections f v di/ant t>gets r>ely confuse ! op]ator4 ,! curvature ( ! e>? t5ds to %ield ! radiation1 & ! di/ance factor alone r$uces ! int5sity to a negligible value4 ,b wea!r c cause peculi> returns4 ,a lay] ( w>m air above cool] air at ! e>?'s surface has mu* ! same effect on radio waves t x has on light waves4 ,a temp]ature inv]sion c produce rad> 8mirages0--commonly call$ 8phantoms10 8gho/s10 or 8angels40 ,relatively small am\nts ( w>m air1 ev5 m]e w>m bubbles 9 a lay] ( cold] air1 w suffice4 ,:5 ! scope records a s]ies ( blips1 ! op]ator ord9>ily assumes t all are returns f a s+le object4 ,if inv]sions ( temp]ature or humidity exi/ 9 ! atmosph]e1 h[ev]1 ! s]ies ( returns may repres5t sev]al diff]5t gr\nd objects r ?an a s+le object 9 ! sky4 ,s9ce ^! inv]sion lay]s d n rema9 fix$ b move1 *ange1 & %imm]1 on "o sweep ! rad> may reflect "o gr\nd object & on ! next sweep "s fifte5 seconds lat] may reflect a totally diff]5t gr\nd object five or six miles away f ! fir/4 ,an inexp]i5c$ op]ator might conclude1 wrongly1 t bo? e*oes came f a s+le object t _h travel$ five miles 9 a fraction ( a m9ute 7see ,figure #ad74 ,simil> mi/akes 9 id5tity h caus$ _m reports ( rad> fly+ sauc]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ad4 ,deflection ( rad> beams by temp]ature inv]sion4 ,top1 rad> picks up gr\nd t>get4 ,bottom1 on next sweep1 rad> picks up diff]5t gr\nd t>get1 :i* seems to indicate a fa/-mov+ ,,ufo4 ,su* a rad> incid5t occurr$ at "o ( our def5se in/allations 9 ,alaska e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( ,janu>y #bb1 #aieb,,viii-#b4 ,%ortly aft] midnight a bright t>get appe>$ on ! rad>scope1 mov+ d[n f ! nor!a/1 fairly high1 & app>5tly travel+ at ab\t #aejj miles an h\r4 ,unid5tifi$ t>gets require p>ticul>ly prompt inve/igation 9 ?is s5sitive area s close to ,sib]ia4 ,)9 m9utes an ,f-#id jet 0 mov+ 9 f a fight] base #ajj miles to ! s\?2 two o!r jets 7 scrambl$ at int]vals & vector$ 9 t[>d ! unkn[n t>get by gr\nd rad>4 ,:5 rad> swit*$ to %ort range1 h[ev]1 x always lo/ bo? ! t>get & ! pursuit plane1 ev5 ?\gh bo? 7 close to ! rad> site4 ,! fir/ jet c\ld f9d no?+ 9 ! air1 & no e*oes appe>$ on its rad>4 ,! second jet saw no?+ 9 ! air1 b its rad> record$ a brief1 weak e*o to ! "r at ab\t #bh1jjj feet4 ,! e*o fad$ imm$iately1 return$ briefly1 & !n disappe>$ z ! jet clos$ 94 ,! ?ird jet1 aft] cruis+ ! area = t5 m9utes )\t detect+ any?+ visually or on rad>1 sudd5ly got a /rong rad> return f an app>5tly /ation>y t>get j z x pass$ ov] ! gr\nd rad> site4 ,! pilot made ?ree direct runs on ! unkn[n4 ,ea* "t he broke (f ! int]cept :5 he got )9 #bjj y>ds ( ! t>get position z %[n on 8 rad>1 = fe> ( collision4 ,at no "t did he see any?+ at ! suppos$ location ( ! t>get4 7,?is exp]i5ce is some:at analog\s to t ( our man :o us$ e*o+ s\nd waves to locate a solid /ructure only to f9d1 on rea*+ ! indicat$ spot1 t ! /ructure 0 n !re47 ,capta9 ,roy ,james1 *ief ( ! rad> section ( ,,atic1 exam9$ all ! data & ! scanty wea!r reports !n available = ?is ,alaskan area1 & conclud$ t ! t>gets 7 gho/ returns probably f ! gr\nd1 caus$ by peculi> atmosph]ic conditions--! same conditions t _h int]f]$ ) normal op]ation ( ! gr\nd rad>4 ,al?\gh gr\nd /ructures are sc>ce 9 t "p ( ,alaska1 !y d exi/1 & s d m\nta9s4 ,! analysis 0 und\bt$ly correct1 ev5 ?\gh k ( ! location & movem5t ( ! temp]ature inv]sion 0 too imprecise = ! analy/ to plot & locate ! true t>get t produc$ ! reflections,,viii-#c1 p4 #afg4 ,"s ( ! nation's mo/ brilliant physici/s h c>ri$ out fundam5tal rese>* into ! behavior ( micr[aves "u v>y+ conditions4 ,! te*nical nature ( ^! inve/igations makes !m difficult to describe 9 ord9>y language1 b !y provide vital in=mation = ! exp]t4 ,"o su* /udy has specifically attack$ ! problem ( rad> images t p]=m rapid & erratic maneuv]s at close range & seem to ov]take1 fly p>allel )1 or almo/ collide ) ! pursu+ aircraft4 ,su* returns may be caus$ by ! 8non-isotropic second>y scatt]+ ( en]gy0 7t is1 ! radio waves are n reflect$ 9 a uni=m mann]7 f an airplane to a gr\nd object1 or f gr\nd object to plane4 ,"u appropriate wea!r conditions ! plane itself causes ! puzzl+ e*oes1 s t ! velocity & movem5t ( ! rad> 8sauc]0 dep5d directly on ^? ( ! plane4 ,:5 ! aircraft is ! fir/ ( ! two scatt]]s1 ! rad> sauc] always appe>s at ! same be>+ z ! plane1 & is always f>!r away f ! detect+ rad> ?an is ! plane4 ,?us ! pa? ( ! phantom always lies outside ! pa? ( ! aircraft1 & :5 ! jet p]=ms a #cfj-;degree turn1 ! phantom also turns1 on an outside pa?4 ,h[ev]1 if ! jet happ5s to fly directly ov] ! gr\nd object t is reflect+ ! en]gy1 !n ! obs]v+ rad> w see ! images ( ! jet & ! phantom fly+ on :at seems to be a collision c\rse4 ,conv]sely1 :5 ! gr\nd object is ! fir/ ( ! two scatt]]s1 ! sauc] phantom always occurs at ! same be>+ z ! gr\nd object1 & ! di/ance to ! phantom is always great] ?an to ! gr\nd object4 ,if ! aircraft crosses ! radial l9e f rad> to gr\nd object1 at a range exce$+ ! range to ! object1 !n ! e*oes f plane & sauc] almo/ m]ge at ! po9t ( cross+1 9 a 8ne> collision40 ,b if ! plane flies 8?is side0 ( ! object1 !n ! plane & sauc] w nev] be clos] toge!r ?an ! di/ance betwe5 plane & gr\nd object at ! po9t ( cross+4 ,a height-f9d+ rad>1 tra9$ on ! pursu+ plane1 w\ld %[ ! phantom sauc] app>5tly div+ t[>d or climb+ away f ! plane1 attack+ & retreat+ at v high velocities,,viii-#d4 ,! ,k9ross ,case ,"s su* me*anism probably expla9s ! rad> returns report$ 9 ! ,k9ross case1 :i* "s sauc] publications cite z a prov$ in/ance 9 :i* a fly+ sauc] attack$ a plane4 ,on ! night ( ,novemb] #bc1 #aiec1 an ,air ,=ce jet 0 scrambl$ f ,k9ross ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,mi*igan1 to int]cept an unid5tifi$ plane obs]v$ on rad>4 ,! jet successfully accompli%$ its mission & id5tifi$ ! unkn[n z a ,dakota1 a ,canadian ,c-#dg4 ,on its return to ! base1 h[ev]1 ! ,air ,=ce jet cra%$ into ,lake ,mi*igan &1 z (t5 happ5s :5 a plane cra%es into deep wat] & ! exact place ( ! cra% is n kn[n1 no wreckage 0 ev] f\nd4 ,z ! gr\nd rad> at ,k9ross _h track$ ! return+ jet1 ! scope _h pick$ up a phantom e*o 9 ! neighborhood ( ! jet2 ! two blips _h seem$ to m]ge j z bo? w5t (f ! scope4 ,s9ce ! cra% 0 n report$ z a ,,ufo incid5t & did n involve any "q ( unid5tifi$ fly+ objects1 ,,atic 0 n ask$ to inve/igate ! problem4 ,! (fice ( ! ,deputy ,inspector ,g5]al = ,safety c>ri$ out a ?or\gh inquiry & conclud$ t ! cra% _h be5 an aircraft accid5t1 probably caus$ by ! pilot's suff]+ an attack ( v]tigo4 ,z = ! two blips %[n by rad>1 ! night _h be5 a /ormy "o & atmosph]ic conditions _h be5 conducive to abnormal returns4 ,! phantom e*o _h almo/ c]ta9ly be5 a second>y reflection produc$ by ! jet itself1 & x ?us m]g$ ) ! return f ! jet & vani%$ ) x :5 ! plane hit ! wat]4 ,solely on ! basis ( ?is rad> phantom1 "s civilian sauc] gr\ps h tri$ to trans=m ! ,k9ross cra% into a ,,ufo my/]y ) ,air ,=ce inve/igators z ! villa9s1 & h sugge/$ t ! gho/ blip repres5t$ an ali5 spacecraft t happ5$ to be cruis+ ov] ,lake ,mi*igan t night & attack$ ! jet = "o ( two reasons3 #a7 ,! sauc] might h tri$ to avoid close contact ) ! jet by employ+ a 8rev]s$ ,g-field beam0 7see ,*apt] ,,ix72 collid+ ) ?is beam z ) a /one wall1 ! jet cra%$4 #b7 ,! sauc] might h us$ ! ,g-field to scoop ! plane out ( ! air & take x abo>d ! spacecraft2 ! captur$ pilot might h be5 ne$$ to tea* ! ,engli% language to 8 ali5 captors4 ,! 8,invasion0 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,! mo/ fam\s ( ! rad> phantoms are ^? t 8invad$0 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 on ! nights ( ,july #ai & ,july #bf1 #aieb1 & t]rifi$ a l>ge numb] ( rad> op]ators1 pilots1 & ,air ,=ce (ficials :o 9 a m normal emotional climate w\ld h recogniz$ ! 8invisible0 fly+ sauc]s = :at !y 7--rad> angels produc$ by wea!r conditions,,viii-#b4 ,all dur+ ,july ! ea/]n seabo>d _h suff]$ an unprec$5t$ dr\ght & heat wave4 ,lack ( cl\d cov] produc$ int5sely hot days & rapid radiative cool+ ( ! e>?'s surface at night4 ,?is situation1 comb9$ ) ! prevail+ light w9ds1 0 ideal = ! =mation ( l[-level temp]ature inv]sions dur+ ! h\rs ( d>kness,,viii-#e4 ,! hundr$s ( fly+ sauc]s report$ dur+ ! summ] 7,*apt] ,,vii7 _h produc$ a /ate ( ne>-panic :i* ent]$ its acute phase on ,july #ai1 at #aa3dj ,p4,m4 ,e4,d4,s4,t41 :5 a gr\p ( sev5 unid5tifi$ t>gets appe>$ on ! rad>scope ( ! ,air ,r\te ,traffic ,control 7,,artc7 at ! ,wa%+ton ,national ,airport,,viii-#c1 p4 #bji ff44 ,simil> t>gets t mov$ erratically1 appe>+ & disappe>+1 7 obs]v$ on ! rad>s ( ! control t[] & ( ne>by ,&rews ,air ,=ce ,base4 ,if ! blips 7 to be accept$ at face value1 !n a ho/ ( a]ial objects _h invad$ ,wa%+ton & 7 cruis+ ov] ! ,:ite ,h\se & ! ,capitol4 ,traffic control notifi$ ! pilots ( comm]cial flights 9 ! area to keep al]t = unid5tifi$ aircraft4 ,"s pilots report$ unusual e*oes on _! plane rad>s1 "s report$ only normal returns1 & two pilots report$ unexpla9$ lights 9 ! neighborhood indicat$ by rad>4 ,nobody saw any /range aircraft4 ,aft] sev]al reque/s f ,,artc 7:i* unacc\ntably did n notify (ficials 9 ! ,air ,=ce ,intellig5ce t an 8invasion0 0 tak+ place71 a jet int]ceptor f9ally arriv$ ab\t dawn to se>* ! area b f\nd no?+4 ,mean:ile ! t>gets _h vani%$ f ! rad>scopes4 ,next day ! report fla%$ all ov] ! _w t a fleet ( fly+ sauc]s _h invad$ ,wa%+ton1 & public t5sion became almo/ tangible4 ,0 ! e>? doom$8 ,! t]ror rea*$ its climax on ,july #bf1 j a week aft] ! fir/ incid5t1 :5 at #aj3cj ,p4,m41 ,e4,d4,s4,t41 ! same rad> op]ators :o _h obs]v$ ! fir/ 8invasion0 pick$ up ano!r gr\p ( my/]i\s blips on _! scre5s4 ,! ho/ ( unkn[ns _h app>5tly =m$ a r+ ar\nd ! city ( ,wa%+ton & ! surr\nd+ c\ntryside4 ,?is "t ,air ,=ce ,intellig5ce (fic]s 7 notifi$4 ,!y rac$ to ! airport to see ! rad>scopes = !mselves1 & conclud$ t real sauc]s mu/ be 9 ! sky4 ,all comm]cial air traffic 0 !n div]t$ f ,wa%+ton1 report]s & photograph]s 7 b>r$ f ! rad> room1 & ,air ,=ce jets took to ! air to def5d ! nation4 ,b aga9/ :at8 ,! enemy1 if !re1 0 invisible4 ,"o pilot saw a bright light t vani%$ :5 he began to *ase x2 lat]1 8 rad> %[$ a return t fad$ aft] a few seconds1 b he c\ld n f9d a visual t>get4 ,9 ! h\rs betwe5 midnight & dawn1 jet int]ceptors sc\r$ ! skies look+ = my/]i\s objects t produc$ returns on gr\nd rad> b n on plane rad>1 & 7 invisible to ! human eye4 ,!y f\nd no?+4 ,"o pilot :o flew ?is mission1 accompani$ by a copilot :o 0 also a rad> (fic]1 lat] describ$ 8 exp]i5ce3 8,= a p]iod ( #a h\rs ! ,b-#be 0 vector$ at altitudes v>y+ f #a1jjj to #d1jjj feet ,,msl to ! objects obs]v$ on ! gr\nd rad> scre54 ,! airplane flew circles ar\nd /ation>y blips1 flew ?r\gh & along ) _! =mations1 p>allel$ _! flight1 & 0 obs]v$ 9 ! rad> scre5 to pass directly ov]1 "u1 or ?r\gh an angel4 ,at all times ! e*o return ( ! aircraft caus$ a bright] return on ! scre5 ?an ! angel4 ,! rad> height f9d] 0 n op]at+ dur+ ?is mission1 s exact altitudes ( ! blips c\ld n be det]m9$4 8,no unid5tifi$ objects 7 obs]v$ by me or ! crew dur+ ! flight4 ,at #bcjj ,e4,d4,s4,t4 all angels disappe>$ f ! rad> scre5 & scre5 detection return$ to normal40,,viii-#f ,by dawn ?is fanta/ic w> ( ! angels _h end$ & ! po/-mortems _h begun4 ,"o rad> exp]t :o kept 8 head 9 spite ( ! hy/]ia 0 ,capta9 ,roy ,james ( ,,atic1 :o imm$iately recogniz$ ! t>gets z caus$ by wea!r4 ,a civilian exp]t on radio propagation1 :5 consult$1 correctly id5tifi$ ! phantoms & expla9$ h[ !y 7 produc$,,viii-#g1 ,,viii-#g;a4 ,g5]al ,sam=d1 !n 9 *>ge ( ! ,,ufo inve/igation1 concurr$4 ,b mo/ newspap]s & _m gov]nm5t (ficials1 influ5c$ by ! g5]al excitem5t1 ignor$ ! conclusions ( ! exp]ts4 ,sauc] en?usia/s reg>d$ ! ph5om5a z a real invasion f space1 & alleg$ t ! ,air ,=ce 0 cov]+ up ! tru?4 ,weeks pass$ be=e ! facts ( ! incid5ts c\ld be sep>at$ f ! fancies4 ,?ree gr\nd rad>s _h obs]v$ unusual t>gets on ! nights ( ! 8invasion40 ,only once1 h[ev]1 did all ?ree obs]ve :at 0 app>5tly ! same t>get1 & t = a few seconds only4 ,! unusual rad> e*oes _h no visual c\nt]p>t--nobody _h se5 or he>d a space%ip4 ,a few pilots _h report$ unid5tifi$ lights1 b ! ,wa%+ton area at night displays ?\s&s ( lights1 & ev5 an unexpla9$ light is f> f be+ a space%ip4 ,"o pilot :o took "p 9 ?is phantom w> report$ t1 aga9 & aga91 gr\nd rad> _h vector$ him 9 t[>d a t>get t prov$ to be a /eamboat mak+ a moonlight trip on ! ,potomac6 ,rad> ,exp]im5ts 9 ,wa%+ton ,imm$iately aft] ! ,wa%+ton crisis1 ! ,te*nical ,developm5t & ,evaluation ,c5t] ( ! ,civil ,a]onautics ,au?ority 0 assign$ ! problem ( f9d+ out exactly :at _h produc$ ! rad> returns4 ,inve/igation %[$ t ! phantoms 7 n a new or unusual ph5om5on4 ,!y _h appe>$ on ! ,wa%+ton rad>s on _m nights be=e ! fir/ 8invasion10 appe>$ twice dur+ ! week betwe5 ! two1 & _m times aft] ! second4 ,abnormal returns are commonplace dur+ ! hot summ] mon?s :5 temp]ature inv]sions & inequalities 9 ! moi/ure ( ! air are mo/ frequ5t4 ,on ! nights ( ,july #ai & #bf ! ,wea!r ,bureau at ,wa%+ton record$ small temp]ature inv]sions & an abnormal di/ribution ( moi/ure 9 ! atmosph]e1 conditions t regul>ly produce rad> angels4 ,! exp]ts also c>ri$ out a s]ies ( exp]im5ts 9 ! ,wa%+ton area on sev]al nights 9 ,augu/ :5 conditions ( temp]ature & humidity closely resembl$ ^? on ! 8invasion0 nights4 ,dur+ ^! exp]im5ts unid5tifi$ t>gets appe>$ 9 pr(usion on ! rad> scre5s4 ,! fir/ obs]vation p]iod began on ! ev5+ ( ,augu/ #ac1 #aieb4 ,at ab\t #i ,p4,m4 ,e4,d4,s4,t41 sudd5ly 8a gr\p ( sev5 /rong /ation>y t>gets became visible 9 an area ab\t fifte5 miles nor?-nor!a/ ( ! rad> ant5na4 ,dur+ ! next two or ?ree ant5na revolutions1 ! area on ! scope betwe5 ,wa%+ton & ,baltimore became heavily spr9kl$ ) /ation>y t>gets 9 a belt ab\t six miles wide4 ,a gr\p ( additional t>gets became visible 9 an area approximately t5 to fifte5 miles s\? ( ! rad> ant5na4 ,?is 0 evid5ce ( ! beg9n+ ( a temp]ature inv]sion40,,viii-#f ,two temp]ature inv]sions 7 involv$1 "o j above ! e>?'s surface1 & "o at ab\t #hjjj feet4 ,! inve/igators conclud$ t ! unid5tifi$ t>gets obs]v$ on ,wa%+ton ,,mew 7,micr[ave ,e>ly ,w>n+7 & o!r rad> 9 ! summ] ( #aieb 7 to be attribut$ to second>y reflections ( ! rad> beam1 caus$ prim>ily by temp]ature inv]sions,,viii-#e4 ,sauc] en?usia/s prote/$ 7& /ill insi/7 t ! inv]sions 7 n l>ge en\gh to produce rad> anomalies1 reveal+ h[ sup]ficial 0 _! acqua9tance ) rad>4 ,al?\gh pron\nc$ temp]ature inv]sions are responsible = ! sup]ior & inf]ior mirages result+ f ! b5d+ ( light rays1 l>ge inv]sions are n requir$ to produce ! mirages result+ f ! refractive b5d+ ( radio waves4 ,at rad> frequ5cies1 refraction is influ5c$ by bo? temp]ature diff]5ces & ! di/ribution ( wat] vapor 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,a pron\nc$ drop 9 moi/ure cont5t at high] altitudes c easily cause rad> rays to b5d e>?w>d & pick up gr\nd t>gets1 ev5 ?\gh temp]ature conditions 9 ! l[] atmosph]e are entirely normal4 ,9 ,decemb] #aieb1 ,true magaz9e publi%$ a s5sational article t attack$ ! ,air ,=ce f9d+s1 insi/$ t ! rad> e*oes _h be5 caus$ by /range ma*9es &1 9 effect1 accus$ ! (ficial inve/igators ( releas+ an explanation !y knew to be at v>iance ) ! facts %[n by rad>,,viii-#h4 ,dr4 ,v]non ,g4 ,plank1 n[ at ! ,a]ophysics ,laboratory ( ! ,air ,=ce ,cambridge ,rese>* ,c5t]1 0 at t "t ,rad> ,meteorologi/ at ,walpole1 ,massa*usetts4 ,a speciali/ 9 ! sci5ce ( rad>1 ,dr4 ,plank _h made a detail$ /udy ( ! refractive conditions prevail+ ov] ,wa%+ton = ,july #bj & #ba1 #aieb4 ,9 a lett] 7:i* 0 nev] publi%$7 to ! editor ( ,true1 he po9t$ out t ! sauc] !ory ( ! ,wa%+ton rad> returns _h no basis 9 fact4 ,! mat]ial giv5 9 ! lett] m]its quotation3 8,! regul> ,wa%+ton radiosonde obs]vations1 :5 conv]t$ into refractive index t]ms1 reveal t a v m>k$ sup]refractive condition 7a condition favorable to e>?w>d b5d+ ( rad> rays7 prevail$ 9 ! l[] atmosph]e dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,! cause ( ?is sup]refractive condition 0 prim>ily ! rapid decrease ( wat] vapor ) altitude4 8,al?\gh ?is sup]refractive lay] 0 n q int5se en\gh to cause ! rad> rays to be b5t completely back to e>?1 ! rays w\ld be v m>k$ly b5t d[nw>d f _! normal position4 ,f pa/ exp]i5ce ) o!r situations ( ?is type x is to be expect$ t c]ta9 regions 9 ?is lay] might be consid]ably m sup]refractive ?an o!rs1 or t p>ticul> t]ra9 features1 su* z riv]s or small bodies ( wat]1 might create local1 transitory conditions favorable to extreme sup]refraction or ev5 reflection4 ,ano!r factor to consid] is t :]eas su* local anomalies are usually due to moi/ure1 localiz$ temp]ature effects may also create or help create su* int5se sup]refractive regions4 ,!re=e1 x w\ld n be at all surpris+ t su* local anomalies1 :5 sup]impos$ on ! g5]ally sup]refractive lay] already exi/+ ov] ,wa%+ton1 c\ld create a situation conducive to rad> e*oes ( ! type obs]v$4 8,"u su* conditions ! g5]al gr\nd clutt] ref]r$ to 9 ! ,keyhoe article w\ld n be pres5t & ! rad>scope w\ld only %[ e*oes :5ev] & #8:]ev]' 7qualifi$ bel[7 a favorable sup]refractive region occurr$4 ,z ! rad> ray has to travel f ! rad> set to ! p>ticul> region ( refraction & !nce onw>d to ! gr\nd1 ! scope e*oes creat$ by su* di/urbances w\ld occur at an indicat$ range ( r\ghly twice ! di/urbance range4 8,ev5 sl[ air movem5ts )9 a localiz$ di/urbance 7"o suffici5tly int5se to b5d ! ray into ! gr\nd7 w\ld be translat$ into enorm\s movem5ts ( ! e*o ov] ! scope face4 ,bo? lat]al & radial movem5ts c\ld be expect$ & disappe>ance ( e*o betwe5 sweeps w\ld n be surpris+4 8,( c\rse1 ! optical effects not$ 9 conjunction ) ! rad> e*oes w\ld dep5d ^u temp]ature effects4 ,h[ev]1 ! lack ( a temp]ature inv]sion 9 ! type ( data ref]r$ to by ,mr4 ,keyhoe does n preclude ! possibility t extremely %>p & localiz$ inv]sions exi/$ ov] ! area1 p]haps 9 close association or 9 conjunction ) ! regions caus+ ! rad> e*o4 ,! ,wea!r ,bureau data cit$ are n suffici5tly accurate nor d ! in/rum5ts us$ 9 obta9+ ! data h a suffici5tly rapid response to measure su* small inv]sions4 ,also1 su* data are usually obta9$ at only two def9ite p]iods dur+ ea* day4 8,z ! di/ance betwe5 ,&rews ,,afb & ! ,wa%+ton ,national ,airport is only "s few miles1 ! refractive effects ( a giv5 di/urbance might appe> to be q simil>1 & ! position ( ! result+ gr\nd e*o on ! two sets might co9cide to a fair degree ( approximation4 ,h[ev]1 z in=mation ab\t ! degree ( accuracy ma9ta9$ 9 plott+ e*o position is n available to me1 ,i _c comm5t ) any degree ( intellig5ce4 ,x does seem ?\gh1 t ) ! obs]v$ e*o spe$s & radical direction *anges1 z well z ! e*o appe>ance & disappe>ance ph5om5a1 t accurate scope coord9ation betwe5 ! sep>ate fields w\ld be extremely difficult40,,viii-#i 8,simultane\s0 ,rad>-,visual ,reports ,on ! night ( ,july #bi1 ?ree days aft] ! second ,wa%+ton crisis1 ! rad> in/allation ( ! ,air ,def5se ,comm& po/ ne> ,port ,huron1 ,mi*igan1 _h be5 track+ ?ree ,f-#ids z !y made practice runs on a ,b-#be bomb]4 ,at #i3dj ,p4,m4 ,c4,s4,t41 gr\nd control pick$ up an unid5tifi$ t>get mov+ f nor? to s\? at a spe$ ( ab\t #fbe miles an h\r4 ,! op]ators notifi$ ! pilot ( "o ( ! ,f-#ids & vector$ him 9 = an attempt$ int]cept4 ,! plane's rad> did n %[ ! report$ t>get1 b :5 ! plane _h climb$ to a height ( #ba1jjj feet1 bo? ! pilot & 8 rad> man saw a brilliant multicolor$ light1 _m times l>g] ?an a />1 close to ! nor!rn horizon4 ,at ! same "t ! plane's rad> pick$ up an e*o 9 ! nor?2 x disappe>$ aft] ?irty seconds1 al?\gh ! light 0 /ill visible dead ahead4 ,z ! pilot began ! *ase1 ! light *ang$ color f blui% :ite to r$di% & sl[ly dim9i%$ 9 size z ?\gh x 7 mov+ away4 ,! pilot pursu$ ! light = ab\t half an h\r )\t ga9+ on x1 & ev5tually _h to return to base4 ,! gr\nd rad>1 mean:ile1 _h be5 try+ to keep track ( ev5ts 9 ! sky4 ,:5 ! *ase began1 ! t>get appe>+ on gr\nd rad> _h fir/ made a #ahj-;degree turn & rev]s$ direction f s\? to nor?2 x _h !n mov$ erratically1 d\bl+ its spe$ in/antane\sly1 & !n sl[+ d[n4 ,x once seem$ to rea* a spe$ ( ab\t #adjj miles an h\r1 !n sl[$ to ab\t #cjj mph1 & disappe>$ f ! scope %ortly aft] ! plane _h return$ to base,,viii-#b4 ,to _m p]sons ?is incid5t seem$ a simultane\s visual & rad> sight+ ( a s+le unkn[n object b ! ,air ,=ce soon demoli%$ ?is !ory4 ,a /udy ( ! facts reveal$ t ! movem5t ( ! rad> t>get & t ( ! my/]i\s light _h n co9cid$4 ,! rad> t>get _h travel$ f nor? to s\?1 _h !n rev]s$ direction1 _h sl[$ d[n1 spe$$ up1 & mov$ erratically4 ,! light1 h[ev]1 _h rema9$ /eadily 9 ! nor?1 dim9i%+ 9 size & brilliance b n vani%+4 ,x behav$1 9 fact1 l ! image ( a /> or a planet se5 ?r\gh turbul5t atmosph]e 7see ,*apt] ,,iv74 ,= sev]al nights be=e ! sight+1 _m resid5ts 9 ?is "p ( ,mi*igan _h notic$ a simil> light t appe>$ 9 ! nor!rn sky ea* ev5+ at ab\t ! same "t & place1 display+ v>i\s *ang+ colors4 ,! inve/igators 7 able to id5tify ! %9+ unkn[n z ! /> ,capella4 ,! position ( ! lights co9cid$ ) t ( ! /> = t "t1 date1 & latitude4 ,capella 0 at l[] culm9ation--t is1 at ! l[e/ po9t ( its sw+ ar\nd ! pole />1 j skirt+ ! horizon :]e its spectacul> blue1 yell[1 & r$ tw9kl+ is famili> to a/ronom]s ( ! region4 ,! pilot's description1 & ! fact t he c\ld get no clos] to x ev5 aft] a ?irty-m9ute *ase1 confirm$ ?is id5tification4 ,nei!r ! brief blip t appe>$ on ! plane's rad> nor ! erratic returns pick$ up by gr\nd rad> _h any relation to ! />2 !y 7 m]ely phantom returns caus$ by wea!r conditions,,viii-#b4 ,l ?is ,mi*igan sight+1 _m ,,ufo problems are difficult to solve because !y result f m ?an "o cause4 ,! obs]vations seem at fir/ glance to ref] to a s+le ph5om5on1 al?\gh actually two or m unrelat$ ph5om5a are involv$4 ,on ,augu/ #a1 #aieb1 two days aft] ! ,mi*igan incid5t1 su* a puzzle arose ) an impressive rad>-visual-photographic sight+ ne> ,bellefonta9e1 ,ohio,,viii-#b4 ,at #aj3de ,a4,m4 ,c4,d4,s4,t41 ! rad> op]ator at ! ,air ,def5se ,comm& po/ pick$ up an unid5tifi$ t>get nor? ( ,dayton1 mov+ s\?we/ at a spe$ ( ab\t #ebe miles an h\r4 ,two jets f ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base 7 scrambl$ = an int]cept & 7 vector$ 9 by gr\nd control4 ,s9ce ! gr\nd rad> 0 n equipp$ ) height-f9d+ devices1 h[ev]1 ! op]ator c\ld n direct ! pilots to a specific altitude2 he c\ld only tell !m :e!r !y 7 ne>] to or f>!r f ! t>get4 ,:5 ! jets _h rea*$ #cj1jjj feet1 gr\nd rad> in=m$ !m t !y 7 almo/ on t>get1 :i* 0 /ill mov+ s\?we/ at ! same spe$4 ,a few seconds lat]1 ! returns f ! jets & ! ,,ufo bl5d$ on ! rad>scope & ! op]ator advis$ ! pilots t !y w\ld h to cont9ue ! se>* visually4 ,at ?is mom5t1 un=tunately1 ! gr\nd rad> sudd5ly fail$4 ,soon aft] communication betwe5 gr\nd & air _h end$1 ! lead pilot obs]v$ a silv]-color$ sph]e sev]al ?\s& feet above him4 ,bo? jets w5t aft] x b al?\gh !y climb$ to _! maximum altitude1 #dj1jjj feet1 nei!r c\ld get close en\gh to id5tify ! object1 :i* 0 /ill "s #cj1jjj feet above !m4 ,"o pilot1 h[ev]1 manag$ to expose sev]al feet ( film ) 8 gun cam]a4 ,at ! same mom5t ! w>n+ light on 8 gunsight rad> bl9k$ on to indicate x detect$ a solid object4 ,at ?is po9t ! jets broke (f ! int]cept & />t$ back to ,wright-,patt]son ,field4 ,bo? pilots !n realiz$ t1 al?\gh !y _h be5 *as+ an unkn[n = "s t5 m9utes1 !y 7 /ill nor?we/ ( ! base 9 almo/ ! same area :]e !y _h />t$ ! int]cept4 ,?is surpris+ fact seem$ to indicate t ! unkn[n _h sl[$ d[n f its orig9al spe$ ( #ebe miles an h\r1 to hov] 9 ! sky ne>ly motionless4 ,9 fly+ sauc] circles1 ?is s]ies ( ev5ts 0 reg>d$ z an iron-clad case ( a physically mat]ial ,,ufo obs]v$ simultane\sly by rad>1 ! human eye1 & ! cam]a4 ,aft] sift+ ! evid5ce1 ,,atic inve/igators ev5tually f\nd ! m prosaic ?\gh complicat$ solution to ! puzzle3 #a7 ,! object pick$ up on gr\nd rad> _h actually be5 a jet plane1 fly+ out ( ,clevel&4 ,x _h n be5 id5tifi$ imm$iately because ! ,bellefonta9e /ation _h n receiv$ its flight plan4 ,at #aj3de t morn+ ! jet _h be5 nor? ( ,dayton1 fly+ at l[ altitude on a s\?we/ head+1 at a spe$ ( ar\nd #ebe miles an h\r--! exact "t1 position1 & spe$ ( ! rad> unkn[n4 #b7 ,! pilots ( ! int]ceptors nev] saw ?is jet4 ,:at !y saw1 :at _! gun rad> detect$1 & :at _! gun cam]a photograph$ 0 a tw5ty-foot radiosonde balloon t _h be5 releas$ f ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base t morn+ %ortly be=e ! sight+4 ,gr\nd rad>1 on ! o!r h&1 nev] pick$ up ! balloon4 #c7 ,! *ief reason = ! confusion 0 t gr\nd rad> did n h a height-f9d+ device4 ,:5 ! op]ator notifi$ ! pilots t 8 scope %[$ a bl5d+ ( ! returns produc$ by ! pursuit jets & by ! unkn[n1 nei!r he nor ! pilots _h any way to tell :e!r ! unkn[n 0 directly above or directly bel[ ! pursu+ jets4 ,at #cj1jjj feet ! pilots 7 too high to see ! ,clevel& jet f> bel[ !m4 ,b !y did see ! balloon above !m & naturally assum$ t x 0 ! object !y 7 suppos$ to be *as+4 #d7 ,s9ce ! gr\nd rad> /opp$ function+ at ?is po9t1 ! op]ator c\ld no long] track ! c\rse ( ! unkn[n or ( ! int]ceptors4 ,if ! rad> _h be5 work+1 he w\ld h se5 t ! t>get cont9u$ on to ! s\?we/ :ile ! int]ceptors 7 se>*+ 9 a diff]5t area to ! nor?4 #e7 ,! photographs confirm$ ?is recon/ruction ( a complicat$ s]ies ( ev5ts4 ,! pictures obta9$ by ! gun cam]a display$ a r\nd1 indi/9ct blur4 ,analysis %[$ t ! size ( ! object 0 t ( a tw5ty-foot sph]e--a balloon--photograph$ f a di/ance ( #cj1jjj feet4 8,gho/s0 & 8,angels0 on ,rad> ,e exp]i5c$ rad> man has obs]v$ blips on 8 scope t he _c acc\nt =,,viii-#d1 b he recognizes _m *>act]i/ics ( ^! 8gho/s0 or 8angels40 ,!y (t5 come f an app>5tly cle> & normal sky4 ,!y are usually conc5trat$ 9 ! l[] atmosph]e1 are weak 9 "*1 & la/ only a %ort "t4 ,al?\gh !y may occur at any "t ( ! ye>1 !y appe> mo/ (t5 on summ] nights 9 calm wea!r,,viii-#aj4 ,summ] atmosph]ic conditions1 9 :i* ! air is relatively quiet b v>ies 9 temp]ature & moi/ure cont5t1 h an adv]se effect on radio & rad> transmission & produce _m ( ^! gho/ returns4 ,! unev5 di/ribution ( temp]ature & humidity 9 ! atmosph]e is only "o ( ! _m possible causes ( ! rad> angels (t5 label$ z sauc]s,,viii-#aa1 ,,viii-#ab4 ,^! gho/s may be produc$ by peculi> atmosph]ic conditions1 back & =w>d scatt] ( radio waves,,viii-#ac1 smoke1 w9d-c>ri$ debris1 moi/ure-lad5 cl\ds1 ice cry/als 9 cl\ds or air1 lightn+1 meteors1 ! ,aurora ,borealis1 birds1 insects1 bats1 electronic reflections f ! moon1 fl>es on ! sun1 or by 8*aff0 or 8w9d[0 7foil dropp$ f airplanes74 ,a rad> op]ator once pick$ up a gr\p ( phantom e*oes t seem$ to =m ! lett]s 8,,gi0 :i*1 accord+ to ! scope1 app>5tly /ret*$ ov] a di/ance ( ab\t eighty miles4 ,he track$ !m = two h\rs1 b gave up try+ to int]pret ! message :5 he le>n$ t x 0 produc$ by *aff dropp$ f an ,air ,=ce plane dur+ an exp]im5t4 ,an extremely unusual patt]n ( 8angels0 7see ,plate ,i,vc7 appe>$ on ! rad>scope at ,s*ill+ ,air ,=ce ,base at ,sal9a1 ,kansas1 on ,septemb] #aj1 #aief1 & 0 attribut$ to =w>d scatt] f atmosph]ic eddies to gr\nd t>gets & back,,viii-#ac4 ,_m rad> angels are caus$ by insects & birds4 ,_! detection on s5sitive1 high-resolution1 ,q-1 ,k-1 & ,x-b& rad>s has be5 v]ifi$ bo? obs]vationally & !oretically4 ,s9ce a rad> set surveys a v l>ge volume ( ! atmosph]e & maps x on a relatively small dial1 a surpris+ly small conc5tration ( insects c cause appreciable clutt] on ! scope4 ,on sets su* z ! #j4hf-;cm ,,tpq-#f 7,cl\d ,base & ,top ,indicator71 a s+le insect ( detectable size 9 a volume ( #ajj1jjj cubic feet ( air is en\gh to fill ! scope ) return,,viii-#d4 ,s9ce ! guilty insect w\ld be invisible bo? to gr\nd obs]v]s & to ! crew ( pursu+ jets1 a fly+-sauc] report inspir$ by ! rad> e*oes w\ld rema9 =ev] an 8,unkn[n40 ,birds c cause sub/antial e*oes on _m rad>s4 ,l>ge birds at a di/ance ( t5 miles c give signals equival5t to ^? f a m$ium-siz$ aircraft at a di/ance ( fifty miles2 9 fact1 ev5 ! fad+ & fluctuation resemble ^? ( aircraft e*oes4 ,on rad>1 a sea gull may cause a return equival5t to t ( a qu>t ( wat] fly+ ar\nd4 ,! rad> cross section ( ! blip may be sev]al times l>g] ?an ! geometric cross section ( ! bird1 s t a s+le adult sea gull at a di/ance ( tw5ty nautical miles gives a v l>ge rad> return4 ,z few z eight birds p] squ>e mile c completely fill a ,,ppi 7,plann$ ,position ,indicator7 scope ) return,,viii-#ad4 ,if conditions 7 exactly "r1 ! birds might be visible to an obs]v] & ! s\rce ( ! angel w\ld ?us be expla9$4 ,b if no "o happ5$ to see ! birds1 ! 8my/]i\s0 returns c\ld s]ve z a basis = /ill ano!r report ( invisible fly+ sauc]s4 ,birds h also be5 responsible = "s ( ! 8r+0 angels t h be5 int]pret$ z fleets ( invisible space%ips4 ,9 ,septemb] #aiec sev]al rad> sites 9 ,engl& pick$ up unid5tifi$ objects app>5tly encircl+ ! city ( ,london4 ,!y p]=m$ peculi> maneuv]s includ+1 accord+ to "o sauc] publication1 ! =mation ( ! lett]s ,z & ,u ( ! ,engli% alphabet4 ,h[ ! correct ori5tation ( ?is invisible sky writ+ 0 det]m9$ has nev] be5 expla9$4 ,if ! lett]s are turn$ top to bottom1 back to front1 or rotat$ #ij or #ahj degrees1 !y take on new mean+s4 ,s*ol>s might well argue ab\t :e!r ! fir/ giant symbol %\ld be int]pret$ z a ,roman ,z1 a ,roman ,n1 a ,greek 1 or a ,russian 2 & :e!r ! second symbol %\ld be read z a ,roman ,u1 a ,greek 1 ! ma!matical symbol /&+ = 8is conta9$ 910 or a ,roman ,c ly+ on its side4 ,on ! scope1 r+ angels produce outw>dly exp&+ r+s & arcs t sometimes move on & (f ! scre5 at incr$ible spe$s4 ,su* e*oes h be5 a fairly common ph5om5on 9 ,engl& s9ce #aidj & #aida,,viii-#ae1 & exp]im5tal rese>* has %[n t _m ( ^? occurr+ at dawn or at dusk are caus$ by flocks ( />l+s4 ,at dawn ?\s&s ( />l+s leave ! roo/ 9 waves at int]vals ( ab\t half a m9ute4 ,! birds 9 ea* wave are (t5 closely pack$ 9 a tight circle or semicircle z ! wave asc5ds4 ,all are fly+ outw>d1 disp]s+ 9 all directions1 s t ! r+ diffuses rapidly on ! rad> scre5 & disappe>s1 b is foll[$ almo/ at once by a new r+4 ,at dusk ! birds may return sep>ately to ! roo/ dur+ ! c\rse ( an h\r4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 !y assemble fir/ 9 a field "s di/ance f ! roo/2 !y f9ally take (f at ! same "t z a gr\p & head = ! roo/ 9 a s+le giant wave1 caus+ a trem5d\sly impressive b quickly vani%+ angel on ! rad>scope4 ,r+ e*oes obs]v$ at ,tex>kana1 ,arkansas1 h be5 trac$ to ! movem5ts ( r$-w+$ blackbirds4 ,?\s&s ( birds fly+ out f a common roo/+ gr\nd a few m9utes be=e sunrise %[ up on ! ,,ppi scope z an exp&+ r+ t gr[s broad] & m diffuse ) "t until ! composite e*o breaks into individual ones & fades at a di/ance ( twelve to ?irty-five miles,,viii-#af4 ,o!r types ( r+ angels h be5 obs]v$ on rad>scopes1 b ! causes are n yet fully und]/ood,,viii-#ag1 ,,viii-#ah4 ,recogniz+ ! true "* ( ^! rad> angels & spuri\s reflections has trem5d\s importance = ! security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,our ,e>ly ,w>n+ ,sy/em1 design$ to notify ,air ,def5se ( imm95t attacks by int]cont95tal balli/ic missiles1 has already _h tr\bles ) su* rad> gho/s4 ,on ,octob] #e1 #aifj1 a signal f ,?ule1 ,gre5l&1 to ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,air ,def5se ,comm& fla%$ ! w>n+1 8,massive ,,icbm attack is und]way40 ,! ,canadian (fic] 9 *>ge _h only sev5te5 m9utes 9 :i* to decide :e!r to ord] sev]al hundr$ bomb]s ( ! ,/rategic ,air ,comm& to retaliate aga9/ ! ,,ussr or to pu% ! button t w\ld cause our long-range missiles ) atomic w>heads to come ro>+ out ( _! und]gr\nd sites4 ,he imm$iately ask$ ,wa%+ton3 ,:]e 0 ,khru%*ev8 ,khru%*ev 0 9 ,new ,york at ! ,unit$ ,nations3 ! (fic] did n pu% ! button t w\ld h set ! _w at w>4 ,lat]1 he le>n$ t rad> beams reflect$ f ! moon _h produc$ ! t]rify+ angels4 ,?is incid5t is only "o ( ! reasons :y ! ,air ,=ce cont9ues to be int]e/$ 9 rad> ,u,f,os4 ,failure to id5tify !m correctly c\ld ?reat5 ! effectiv5ess ( our patrol sy/em4 ,! ,rapid ,city ,sight+ ,"o ( ! mo/ complex incid5ts 9 sauc] hi/ory occurr$ e>ly 9 ,augu/ #aiec ne> ,rapid ,city1 ,s\? ,dakota4 ,l ! sight+s ! previ\s ye> at ,bellefonta9e1 ,ohio1 & ,port ,huron1 ,mi*igan1 ! pres5ce ( a ,,ufo seem$ to be confirm$ by sev]al types ( evid5ce4 ,tra9$ civilian & milit>y p]sonnel on ! gr\nd & 9 ! air obs]v$ an unkn[n visually & by rad>4 ,! blips on ! gr\nd rad>scope 7 photograph$ & a plane's gun cam]a took a picture4 ,if a simil> incid5t 7 to occur today1 ,air ,=ce inve/igators w\ld probably f9d ! answ] )\t difficulty4 ,9 #aiec1 h[ev]1 !y 7 less exp]i5c$ & f9ally classifi$ ! case z 8"o ( ! be/0 ,unkn[ns4 ,x is cle>ly impossible to solve ! my/]y ) absolute c]ta9ty aft] ne>ly t5 ye>s1 because vital in=mation is lack+4 ,! orig9al records are no long] on file4 ,few details are available except ^? 9 ,ruppelt's sket*y summ>y,,viii-#c1 p4 #cjc ff41 & "s ( ^! are inaccurate3 ! t[n ( ,black ,hawk1 = example1 is n we/1 b nor?we/1 ( ,rapid ,city4 ,al?\gh _m que/ions ( fact mu/ !re=e rema9 unansw]$--exact times1 directions1 sequ5ce ( ev5ts--we (f] "h a highly probable explanation4 ,! fir/ report came at #h3je ,p4,m4 ,m4,s4,t4 :5 a spott] = ! ,gr\nd ,obs]v] ,corps 9 ! t[n ( ,black ,hawk telephon$ ! ,air ,def5se ,comm& po/ ne> ,rapid ,city1 approximately t5 miles s\!a/ ( ,black ,hawk1 to report an extremely bright light hov]+ l[ on ! horizon to ! nor!a/4 ,! rad> op]ators at ,ellswor? ,air ,=ce ,base _h be5 work+ ) a jet patrol fly+ we/ ( ! base4 ,aft] receiv+ ! phone call1 !y %ift$ ! scope to scan ! nor!a/ quadrant ( ! sky & pick$ up an unid5tifi$ t>get mov+ sl[ly at ab\t #af1jjj feet4 ,al?\gh ! controll] wond]$ at fir/ :e!r ! t>get might h be5 due to wea!r1 he decid$ aft] a few m9utes t x 0 well def9$1 solid1 & bright4 ,s9ce ! gr\nd spott] _h a visual t>get & ! traffic controll] _h a rad> t>get1 he telephon$ to comp>e notes on positions2 z !y 7 talk+1 ! spott] int]rupt$ ! conv]sation to say t ! light 0 beg9n+ to move s\?we/ t[>d ,rapid ,city4 ,*eck+ ! rad>scope & f9d+ a fa/-mov+ t>get ! controll] s5t two ( 8 m5 runn+ outside to look at ! sky4 ,aft] a few seconds !y report$ t !y c\ld see a l>ge blui%-:ite light mov+ t[>d !m f ! nor!a/4 ,x made 8a wide sweep0 ar\nd ,rapid ,city & !n return$ to a /ation>y position 9 ! nor!a/ :]e x _h fir/ appe>$4 7,un=tunately ! acc\nt does n /ate cle>ly :e!r ! 8wide sweep0 0 obs]v$ visually or on rad>47 ,by ?is "t all ! witnesses 7 greatly excit$ by ! ,,ufo4 ,! ma/] s]geant c\ldn't decide :at to d next because he kept ?9k+1 8,!y're bigg] ?an all ( u60 b ! traffic controll] notifi$ ! ,f-#hd patroll+ 9 ! we/ & ask$ = an int]cept4 ,! pilot soon f\nd ! light1 :i* 0 /ill /ation>y4 ,he began ! *ase1 b :5 he _h approa*$ to )9 an e/imat$ ?ree miles1 ! light rapidly began to retreat4 ,he cont9u$ ! *ase directly nor? = #abj miles 7dur+ :i* bo? ! jet & ! ,,ufo w5t (f ! gr\nd scope7 b he c\ld n ga9 on ! object4 ,runn+ %ort ( fuel1 he turn$ back t[>d ! base4 ,! gr\nd scope soon pick$ him up aga9 &1 a few seconds lat]1 pick$ up an unkn[n t>get app>5tly trail+ ! jet by t5 or fifte5 miles4 ,a second jet !n took to ! air1 locat$ ! light1 & began ! pursuit4 ,l ! fir/ pilot1 he c\ld n close ! di/ance betwe5 him & ! rec$+ ,,ufo4 ,aft] p]=m+ v>i\s te/s to conv9ce himself t he wasn't *as+ a reflection1 he f9ally turn$ on 8 rad> gun cam]a4 ,aft] a few seconds ! r$ light bl9k$ on1 indicat+ a solid object ahead4 ,! pilot !reupon ask$ p]mission to break (f ! int]cept &1 hav+ tak5 a photograph1 return$ to base4 ,z be=e1 ! gr\nd scope pick$ up ! return+ jet b ?is "t ! ,,ufo did n reappe> on ! scope4 ,! controll] !n call$ (ficials at ! filt] c5t] at ,f>go1 ,nor? ,dakota4 ,!y _h n receiv$ any ,,ufo reports2 a few m9utes lat]1 h[ev]1 !y call$ back to say t spott] po/s betwe5 ! two cities1 on a s\?we/-nor!a/ l9e1 _h inde$ se5 a blui%-:ite light4 ,inve/igators f ,,atic arriv$ promptly b !y 7 n able to expla9 ! sight+4 ,ev5 ! photographs %[$ no?+ useful4 ,conclusion3 unkn[n4 ,! incid5t rema9$ unexpla9$ *iefly because ! inve/igators1 l ! witnesses1 app>5tly assum$ t a s+le unid5tifi$ fly+ object acc\nt$ = all ! ph5om5a obs]v$ t ev5+4 ,al?\gh ! available evid5ce is some:at confus+1 a c>eful /udy %[s t1 on ! contr>y1 ! visual & ! rad> t>gets c\ld n h be5 ! same4 ,:5 ! gr\nd spott] fir/ report$ ! ,,ufo1 %e describ$ x z a /ation>y light l[ on ! horizon4 ,! rad>scope1 h[ev]1 %[$ a t>get t 0 mov+ sl[ly1 at an altitude ( ab\t #af1jjj feet4 ,"s m9utes lat]1 :5 ! visual t>get did beg9 to move1 ! rad> t>get spe$$ up4 ,?is 0 ! only in/ance 9 :i* ! movem5ts ( ! two seem$ to be r\ghly p>allel4 ,b 9 ! excitem5t t foll[$1 all ! witnesses assum$ t ! two t>gets 7 id5tical4 ,! publi%$ acc\nt,,viii-#c1 p4 #cjc ff4 does n di/+ui% cle>ly betwe5 ! actions ( ! light & ! movem5ts ( ! blips on ! rad>scope4 ,let u beg9 by review+ ! facts ab\t ! visual t>get4 ,accord+ to ! witnesses on ! gr\nd1 x 0 a brilliant blui%-:ite light t appe>$ on ! nor!a/ horizon & rema9$ /ation>y dur+ mo/ ( ! p]iod x 0 obs]v$4 ,at "o "t x seem$ to advance rapidly t[>d ! witnesses1 make a wide sweep ar\nd ,rapid ,city1 :i* 0 a few miles away f ! obs]v]s1 & !n return to its orig9al position4 ,accord+ to ! witnesses 9 ! air1 ! light did n rema9 /ation>y b retreat$ f ! pursu+ plane & foll[$ ! return+ plane1 duplicat+ ! plane's spe$ & keep+ ! di/ance betwe5 !m con/ant4 ,! pilots bas$ ?is int]pretation1 evid5tly1 on ! fact t ! light did n v>y 9 size or brilliance & ?us seem$ to pace ! plane4 ,^! descriptions all po9t to ! same answ]3 t ! light 0 a /> or a planet4 ,s9ce x 0 inf9itely di/ant1 ! jets c\ld n get any clos] to x & at gr\nd levels ! image 0 di/ort$ by peculi> atmosph]ic conditions4 ,m>s _h be5 abs5t f ! night sky = mon?s1 & ,m]cury1 ,v5us1 & ,jupit] 7 !n morn+ />s2 !re=e ! unkn[n c\ld n h be5 a planet4 ,h[ev]1 ! bright /> ,capella 0 on ! nor!a/ horizon at a decl9ation ( plus #df degrees & w\ld h be5 visible f bo? ,f>go & ,rapid ,city4 ,a *eck ( ! ,wea!r ,bureau records %[s t ! night 0 cle> & d>k4 ,! sun _h set ab\t an h\r be=e ! sight+ began1 & at t "t 9 ! ev5+ !re 0 no moonlight because ! moon 0 9 its la/ qu>t]4 ,visibility 0 ab\t ?irty-five miles & ! w9d 0 f ! nor!a/1 ab\t f\r met]s p] second4 ,!re 0 a m>k$ temp]ature inv]sion--#i degrees--at gr\nd levels4 ,su* an inv]sion c\ld easily acc\nt = ! erratic motions report$ = ! light4 ,!re c be little d\bt t ! visual t>get 0 ! /> ,capella4 ,! rad> t>gets also 7 cle>ly ! result ( wea!r1 j z ! air-traffic controll] _h suspect$ :5 he fir/ look$ at ! scope4 ,conditions 7 ideal--a calm1 cle>1 w>m summ] night--= phantom e*oes4 ,! fir/ rad> t>get1 mov+ s\?we/1 0 probably a return f "s gr\nd object4 ,:5 ! jet took to ! air1 ! scope %[$ a diff]5t k9d ( ,,ufo t>get1 "o t e*o$ ! movem5ts ( ! plane itself--retreat+ f ! pursu]1 advanc+ :5 ! pursu] turn$ back--& 0 always f>!r away f ! gr\nd /ation ?an ! plane itself4 ,al?\gh sauc] en?usia/s int]pret ^! maneuv]s z pro( t ! phantom 0 "u intellig5t control1 rad> exp]ts recognize ! famili> patt]n 9 :i* a gho/ e*o is actually a return f ! plane itself4 ,because ( ! temp]ature inv]sions ! rad> pulses d n return directly f ! plane to ! gr\nd receiv] b are deflect$ f ! plane to ! gr\nd1 !n back to ! plane1 & !nce on to ! gr\nd scope4 ,! phantom e*o always occurs f ! same direction z ! aircraft & is always 8on ! o!r side0 ( ! plane 7see p4 #aec74 ,?is explanation also acc\nts = ! evid5ce ( ! jet's gun cam]a4 ,! photographs tak5 %[$ no?+1 al?\gh ! rad> w>n+ light indicat$ a solid object ahead4 ,aft] ! pilot _h swit*$ on ! set1 h[ev]1 !re _h be5 a brief delay be=e ! r$ signal bl9k$ on4 ,dur+ ?is int]val ! plane _h n come any clos] to ! unkn[n light1 b ! radio waves _h scatt]$ f plane to gr\nd & back to plane s t ! gun rad> did inde$ detect a solid object--! plane itself6 ,9 %ort1 ! evid5ce supports our conclusion t an image ( ! /> ,capella1 di/ort$ by ! atmosph]ic conditions produc$ by a /rong temp]ature inv]sion1 acc\nt$ = ! visual sight+s2 & t rad> e*oes f ! pursu+ jets1 deflect$ by ! same temp]ature inv]sion1 acc\nt$ = ! phantom t>gets on ! gr\nd rad>scope & ! gun rad>4 ,,viii-#a ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,! ,fly+ ,sauc] ,conspiracy4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiee4 ,,viii-#b ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,viii-#c ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,viii-#d ,plank1 ,v4 ,g4 8,spuri\s ,e*oes on ,rad>1 ,a ,survey40 ,a/ia ,docum5t ,no4 ,,ad-#baedgj1 ,,afcrc-,,tr-#ei-baj 7,may #aiei74 ,,viii-#e ,bord51 ,r4 ,c41 & ,vick]s1 ,t4 ,k4 8,a ,prelim9>y ,/udy ( ,unid5tifi$ ,t>gets ,obs]v$ on ,air ,traffic ,control ,rad>s40 ,te*nical ,developm5t ,report ,no4 #ahj1 ,civil ,a]onautics ,adm9i/ration1 ,te*nical ,developm5t & ,evaluation ,c5t]1 ,indianapolis1 ,indiana 7,may #aiec74 ,,viii-#f 8,rad> ,objects ,ov] ,wa%+ton10 ,air ,wea!r ,s]vice ,bullet9 7,septemb] #aied71 pp4 #eb-eg4 ,,viii-#g ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h4 ,elem5t>y ,manual ( ,radio ,propagation4 ,englewood ,cliffs1 ,n4,j43 ,pr5tice-,hall1 ,inc41 #aidh4 ,,viii-#g;a ---- 8,:y ,fly+ ,sauc]s ,%[ ,up on ,rad>40 ,look magaz9e 7,septemb] #i1 #aieb74 ,,viii-#h ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 8,:at ,rad> ,tells ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s40 ,true magaz9e 7,decemb] #aieb71 p4 #be ff4 ,,viii-#i ,plank1 ,v4 ,g4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,,viii-#aj ,)r[1 ,s4 ,r4 8,angels on ,rad> ,scopes10 ,air ,wea!r ,s]vice ,bullet9 7,septemb] #aied71 pp4 #dh-ea4 ,,viii-#aa ,atlas1 ,d4 8,rad> ,/udies ( ,meteorological #8,angel' ,e*oes10 ,j\rnal ( ,atmosph]ic & ,t]re/rial ,physics1 ,vol4 ,,xv 7#aiei71 pp4 #bfb-hg4 ,,viii-#ab ---- 8,possible ,key to ! ,dilemma ( ,meteorological #8,angel' ,e*oes10 ,j\rnal ( ,meteorology1 ,vol4 ,,xvii 7#aifj71 pp4 #ie-ajc4 ,,viii-#ac ---- 8,sub-horizon ,rad> ,e*oes by ,scatt] ,propagation10 ,j\rnal ( ,geophysical ,rese>*1 ,vol4 ,,lxiv 7#aiei71 pp4 #abje-ah4 ,,viii-#ad ,ri*>dson1 ,r4 ,e42 ,/acey1 ,j4 ,m42 ,kohl]1 ,h4 ,m42 & ,naka1 ,f4 ,r41 8,rad> ,obs]vations ( ,birds10 ,proce$+s ( ! ,sev5? ,wea!r ,rad> ,conf]5ce 7,novemb] #aieh74 ,,viii-#ae ,h>p]1 ,w4 ,g4 8,angels on ,c5timetric ,rad>s ,caus$ by ,birds10 ,nature1 ,vol4 ,,clxxx 7#aieg71 p4 #hdg4 ,,viii-#af ,ligda1 ,m4 ,g4 ,h4 8,rad> ,obs]vations ( ,blackbird ,flights10 ,texas ,j\rnal ( ,sci5ce 7,decemb] #aieh74 ,,viii-#ag ,holz]1 ,r41 & ,smi?1 ,w4 7,eds471 ,proce$+s on ! ,conf]5ce on ,atmosph]ic ,electricity1 ,geophysics ,rese>* ,directorate1 ,air ,=ce ,cambridge ,rese>* ,c5t]1 ,,afcrc-,,tr-#ee-bbb 7,decemb] #aiee74 ,,viii-#ah ,ea/wood1 ,e2 ,bell1 ,j4 ,d42 & ,phelp1 ,n4 ,r4 8#8,r+ ,angels' ov] ,s\!a/ ,engl&10 ,nature1 ,vol4 ,,clxxxiii 7#aiei71 pp4 #agei-fj4 ,*apt] ,,ix ,e-,m ,,& ,g-,,fields ,,9 ,,ufo-,,l& ,! ph5om5on ( magnetism has always fasc9at$ bo? sci5ti/s & laym54 ,p>acelsus believ$ t he c\ld use a magnet to draw disease out f a p]son1 transf] x to ! gr\nd1 & ?us cure ! pati5t4 ,lat] practition]s believ$ t a sick p]son c\ld rega9 8 heal? by sleep+ ) head & feet ori5t$ nor? to s\? s z to be 9 l9e ) ! e>?'s magnetic poles4 ,laputa1 ! sauc]-%ap$ float+ isl& visit$ by ,gulliv] 9 8 travels1 0 propell$ by ! attract+ or repell+ =ces ( a l>ge magnet imb$d$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! isl&4 ,9 rec5t ye>s magnetism has simil>ly be5 call$ on to acc\nt = "s ( ! peculi> maneuv]s alleg$ly p]=m$ by ,u,f,os4 ,9 ! _w ( fly+ sauc]s an all-purpose electromagnetic 7,e-,m7 =ce1 unkn[n to e>? sci5ti/s1 is suppos$ to be able to produce light & heat1 di/urb a compass1 r5d] an object radioactive1 /op a wri/ wat* )\t damag+ ! man :o we>s x1 int]f]e ) ! function+ ( radio & ,,tv sets1 turn out ! lights ( automobiles1 /op ! action ( gasol9e eng9es1 & aid 9 ! creat+ ( artificial gravitational fields 7,g-fields7 ar\nd extrat]re/rial space%ips4 ,u,f,os equipp$ ) ,e-,m p[]s h occasionally be5 report$ 9 ,france s9ce #aied;,,ix-#a1 b !y _h r>ely appe>$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates until late 9 #aieg :5 freak wea!r 9 ,texas1 plus ! bir? ( ! space age1 />t$ a new wave ( fly+-sauc] incid5ts4 ,few spectacul> ,u,f,os _h appe>$ s9ce ! #aieb panic 7,*apt] ,,vii7 & ! av]age citiz5 _h almo/ =gott5 ab\t fly+ sauc]s4 ,!n on ,octob] #d1 #aieg1 :5 ,sputnik ,i w5t into orbit & op5$ ! door to out] space1 p once m began to wat* ! heav5s uneasily4 ,uneas9ess became al>m a mon? lat] :51 ) ,am]ican satellites /ill sitt+ on ! laun*+ pad1 ,sputnik ,,ii ro>$ into space4 ,a ball ( fire float+ ov] a field 9 we/]n ,texas provid$ ! small /imulus ne$$ to turn al>m into hy/]ia1 & = sev]al weeks p t5d$ to see space%ips 9 e cl\d & e unfamili> light 9 ! sky4 ,! reason+ seem$ to be t if man ) 8 limit$ p[]s c\ld laun* satellites to orbit ! planet1 :y %\ldn't int]planet>y %ips already be visit+ ! e>?8 ,9 ! mon?s ( ,novemb] & ,decemb] ! ,air ,=ce receiv$ m ,,ufo reports ?an dur+ ! entire t5 mon?s prec$+1 & ! reports _h _! highe/ frequ5cy 9 ! s+le week foll[+ ,novemb] #b;,,ix-#b4 ,= a p]iod ( ab\t eight days1 if all ! /ories 7 true1 our skies 7 cr[d$ ) fly+ sauc]s4 ,space%ips ) electromagnetic p[]s rov$ f ! ,dom9ican ,republic to ,alaska2 !y /opp$ automobiles1 turn$ (f headlights1 jamm$ radios & /opp$ clocks 9 c>s1 blurr$ ,,tv sets 9 ! home1 dimm$ ! cab9 lights 9 airplanes1 & alt]$ a spe$omet] to regi/] a dang]\sly high spe$ in/ead ( ! legal sixty miles p] h\r4 7,:e!r ! driv] 9 "q (f]$ ?is novel def5se to a judge 9 traffic c\rt is unkn[n47 ,police 9 squad c>s pursu$ ,u,f,os 9 ,elmwood ,p>k1 ,ill9ois2 ,danville1 ,ill9ois2 & ,hammond1 ,indiana4 ,9 ,brazil1 an orange-color$1 :i/l+ ,,ufo hov]$ ne> ,=t ,itaipu & fir/ caus$ a tempor>y failure ( ! lights1 !n knock$ out ! g5]at+ plant = sev]al mom5ts4 ,a driv] 9 ,santa ,fe1 ,new ,mexico1 saw a ,,ufo t n only /all$ 8 c> b also /opp$ ! da%bo>d clock & ! driv]'s own wri/ wat*4 ,a driv] 9 we/]n ,texas saw a ,,ufo t1 n cont5t ) /opp+ ! eng9e & radio ( 8 c>1 also magnetiz$ ! "r half ( ! bump] & a "p ( ! f5d]4 ,"o driv] report$ t 8 c> & ^? ( sev]al o!r motori/s _h /all$ ne> ,cortez1 ,colorado2 he _h n ?\ght ( look+ at ! sky1 b any sauc] en?usia/ c\ld h told him t a ,,ufo mu/ h be5 hov]+ !re4 ,9 addition to ^! special models equipp$ ) ,m$usa-l p[]s1 o!r space%ips alleg$ly l&$ briefly at ! milit>y in/allation at ,:ite ,s&s1 ,new ,mexico2 h>ass$ a ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,gu>d %ip 9 ! ,gulf ( ,mexico2 l&$ 9 ,ohio & rais$ ! radioactivity level ( ! gr\nd2 & /opp$ 9 ,nebraska = repairs4 ,/ormy ,wea!r 9 ,texas ,! new type ( ,,ufo ) electromagnetic 7,e-,m7 p[]s fir/ attract$ notice 9 ?is c\ntry by alleg$ly appe>+ ne> ,levell&1 ,texas1 on ! night ( ,novemb] #b1 #aieg1 a few h\rs be=e ,sputnik ,,ii w5t into orbit4 ,a small t[n ) a population ( ab\t #hjjj1 ,levell& lies on ! pla9s ( we/]n ,texas ab\t sixty miles f ,pla9view1 site ( a fam\s meteor %[]1 & only tw5ty-five miles f ,lubbock1 :i* a few ye>s e>li] _h ga9$ national fame ) its 8,lubbock lights0 7p4 #abc74 ,! region is normally an arid "o1 b at ! beg9n+ ( ,novemb] x 0 exp]i5c+ unusual wea!r--electrical /orms & ra9 7! mon? prov$ to be ! wette/ ev] record$ 9 we/]n ,texas74 ,ab\t #aa3ae t ,saturday night1 a f>mwork] nam$ ,p$ro ,sauc$o 7or ,saucido7 ) 8 fri5d ,joe ,palaz 7also giv5 9 v>i\s pr9t$ acc\nts z ,palav1 ,salav1 ,salaz1 ,salvaz7 0 driv+ home f ,levell&4 ,a few miles nor?we/ ( ! t[n he _h turn$ (f ,r\te #aaf into a side road1 :5 bo? m5 notic$ a fla% ( light 9 a field at ! "r4 ,evid5tly unal>m$1 he cont9u$ driv+ & talk+ until sudd5ly ! eng9e di$ & ! lights w5t out4 ,:ile try+ to re/>t ! motor1 ,sauc$o 7! simil>ity betwe5 8,sauc$o0 & 8sauc]0 pres5ts a div]t+ co9cid5ce7 glimps$ ov] 8 left %\ld] some?+ t look$ l a flam+ ball or a fi]y tornado drift+ rapidly t[>d ! truck4 ,a vet]an ( combat 9 ,korea1 ,sauc$o react$ in/antane\sly to ! blaz+ unkn[n4 ,z he describ$ ! exp]i5ce lat] t night1 8,i jump$ out ( ! truck & hit ! dirt because ,i 0 afraid4 ,i call$ to ,joe b he didn't get out4 ,! ?+ pass$ directly ov] my truck ) a great s\nd & a ru% ( w9d4 ,x s\nd$ l ?und] & my truck rock$ f ! fla%4444 ,i felt a lot ( heat40 ,crawl+ out & see+ ! object disappe> 9 ! direction ( ,levell&1 he re/>t$ ! eng9e & drove back to ,levell& to report ! incid5t to ! %]iff,,ix-#b4 ,! %]iff 0 soon receiv+ reports f o!r p]sons :o _h be5 driv+ 9 ! same area at ab\t ! same "t4 ,!y said t !y1 too1 _h se5 a blaz+ object :i* !y describ$ z a 8fly+ egg0 or 8egg-%ap$ fireball40 ,_! c>s1 l ,sauc$o's1 _h /all$ & !n re/>t$ :5 ! object disappe>$4 ,a numb] ( t[nspeople telephon$ ! au?orities to report bright fla%es 9 ! sky1 & ! police comm5t t 8ev]yone :o call$ 0 v excit$0,,ix-#c 0 probably an und]/atem5t4 ,"u headl9es su* z 8,my/]y ,object ,/alls ,autos 9 ,we/ ,texas10 ^! /ories hit newspap]s all ov] ! nation4 ,! news spread fa/4 ,all day ,sunday doz5s ( p]sons 9 ,texas & ,new ,mexico 7 relat+ t !y1 too1 _h se5 fi]y objects & fla%es ( light 9 ! sky ! night be=e4 ,an amaz+ly l>ge numb] ( citiz5s seem to h be5 out late t /ormy ,saturday night1 b app>5tly none ( !m notic$ any ord9>y lightn+--only phantom 8some?+s0 v>i\sly describ$ z a burn+ mass1 a big light1 an egg-%ap$ object #bjj feet long light$ up z ?\gh x 7 on fire1 some?+ l neon lights1 objects t 7 r$1 gl[+1 brilliant1 fi]y1 blui%-gre51 or pulsat+ gre54 ,n surpris+ly1 ) all ?is publicity1 ! orig9al incid5t quickly began to take on new dim5sions4 ,sauc$o amplifi$ 8 fir/ /atem5ts & recall$ t ! object _h be5 8torp$o-%ap$10 8l a rocket1 b mu* l>g]10 & t lights on ! object _h seem$ to be w9k+ on & (f,,ix-#d4 ,= days ! ,russian satellites _h to %>e ! spotlight ) ! ,am]ican fly+ eggs1 :ile bo? amateur & pr(essional inve/igators tri$ to solve ! my/]y4 ,! propon5ts ( ,u,f,os d$uc$ ! pres5ce ( a fly+ sauc] ) ,e-,m p[]s4 ,v>i\s a/ronom]s1 :5 urg$ by newsm51 reluctantly advanc$ (f-!-cuff !ories bas$ on ! meag] pr9t$ acc\nts4 ,dr4 ,la ,paz1 ( ! ,in/itute ( ,meteoritics 9 ,new ,mexico1 sugge/$ t ! ?+s se5 at ,levell& might h be5 fireballs4 ,a report] assign$ to ! ,h>v>d-,smi?sonian ,obs]vatories to cov] ,moonwat* obs]vations ( ! new ,sputnik gave a sket*y summ>y ( ! incid5t to ,dr4 ,m5zel1 :o also conclud$ t ,sauc$o might h se5 an unusually bright meteor &1 />tl$ by its brilliance1 might accid5tally h kill$ ! eng9e4 ,lack+ news ( ,sputnik ,,ii1 ! report] s5t 9 a faceti\s /ory ass]t+ t1 accord+ to ! director ( ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory1 ! fly+ eggs 7 mirages t s fright5$ ! driv]s t !y react$ by press+ a 8n]v\s foot0 on ! accel]ator & kill+ ! eng9e4 ,:5 ! wea!r conditions at ,levell& became kn[n1 ( c\rse1 ! meteor !ory 0 imm$iately disc>d$4 ,dr4 ,n9+]1 ( ! ,am]ican ,meteorite ,museum 9 ,arizona1 made ! be/ guess ( all3 ,sauc$o _h obs]v$ an example ( t r>e ph5om5on1 ball lightn+,,ix-#e4 ,)9 a few days an ,air ,=ce inve/igator visit$ ,levell& to /udy ! incid5t4 ,memb]s ( civilian sauc] gr\ps compla9$ lat] t1 s9ce he sp5t only sev5 h\rs 9 ! area1 he _h obvi\sly n tak5 ! problem s]i\sly & c\ld n h f\nd ! correct solution4 ,ev5 sev5ty h\rs ( labor1 h[ev]1 c\ld n h produc$ a cle>] picture4 ,sauc$o _h unque/ionably _h a fright5+ exp]i5ce1 v mu* z he orig9ally describ$ x4 ,b z 9 _m ,,ufo sight+s1 mo/ ( ! o!r reports _h be5 /imulat$ *iefly by ! g5]al excitem5t4 ,?ree p]sons1 n 8doz5s10 _h se5 ! ph5om5on ne> ! gr\nd4 ,f t5 to fifte5 o!rs 7includ+ ! %]iff7 _h n obs]v$ x at close qu>t]s b _h m]ely se5 brilliant fla%es ( light 9 ! sky4 ,aft] /udy+ ! wea!r reports & ! descriptions giv5 by ! v>i\s witnesses1 ! ,air ,=ce issu$ an explanation1 un=tunately ambigu\s because x omitt$ ! necess>y ^w 8ei!r10 /at+ t ! ph5om5on obs]v$ at ,levell& _h be5 8ball lightn+ or ,/4 ,elmo's fire40 ,support]s ( ! sauc] !ory seiz$ on ?is ambiguity to prote/1 correctly1 t ball lightn+ & ,/4 ,elmo's fire are two diff]5t ph5om5a4 ,!y w5t on to conclude by "s process ( peculi> logic t nei!r ball lightn+ nor ,/4 ,elmo's fire 0 involv$ & t ! ph5om5on _h actually be5 a fly+ sauc]4 ,sauc] publications h pr9t$ ?\s&s ( words to support ?is argum5t4 ,! evid5ce1 h[ev]1 leads to an ov]:elm+ probability3 ! fi]y unkn[n at ,levell& 0 ball lightn+4 ,! ,ph5om5on ( ,ball ,lightn+ ,mo/ ( u "k v little ab\t lightn+4 ,on ! av]age1 x causes "s #ahj dea?s ea* ye>4 ,_m p]sons :5 caught outdoors by a ?und]/orm run to %elt] "u a tree1 n realiz+ t ! tree itself (f]s ! mo/ attractive t>get to ! electrically *>g$ cl\ds ov]head4 ,ev5 ! sci5ti/s :o make a special /udy ( ! ph5om5on /ill h mu* to le>n ab\t ! conditions t produce lightn+ & its v>i\s manife/ations,,ix-#f4 ,! mo/ famili> type is ! lightn+ we see 9 /ormy wea!r2 x fla%es 9 brilliant zigzags f z5i? to horizon1 d>ts f cl\d to cl\d1 or /rikes l a javel9 t[>d e>?4 ,at night1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! c\ntry :]e no city lights mask its brilliance1 lightn+ c be a fright5+ elem5tal =ce4 ,a =m popul>ly call$ 8heat0 or 8%eet0 lightn+ is a famili>1 almo/ playful ph5om5on 9 ! midwe/ & s\?we/1 al?\gh comp>atively r>e on ! ea/ coa/4 ,9 hot1 humid wea!r x fl>es int]mitt5tly ne> ! horizon1 noiseless because ! lum9\s 8%eets0 are m]ely reflections ( an ord9>y zigzag fla% t is too f> away to be he>d4 8,bead lightn+0 has also be5 report$1 appe>+ z a *a9 ( sph]oids t gradually fade away z !y dis*>ge4 ,a spectacul> display ( 8p9*$ lightn+10 an ev5 r>] ph5om5on 7see ,plate ,va71 0 photograph$ 9 late ,augu/ #aifa at ,los ,alamos1 ,new ,mexico1 dur+ a sev]e ?und]/orm,,ix-#g4 ,ball lightn+1 :i* seems to be common] 9 ,europe ?an 9 ,nor? ,am]ica 7j z tornadoes are common] 9 ,nor? ,am]ica ?an 9 ,europe7 is s little und]/ood t "s sci5ti/s h d\bt$ its reality4 ,9 rec5t ye>s1 laboratory rese>* has add$ mu* to our k ( ball lightn+ & ,soviet sci5ti/s 9 p>ticul> h /udi$ x z a possible weapon aga9/ enemy planes,,ix-#h4 ,ball lightn+ is usually describ$ z a lum9\s ball ^: diamet] ranges f a few in*es to sev]al feet2 ! color may be r$ to orange or blue to :ite4 ,^! lightn+ balls appe> mo/ frequ5tly t[>d ! end ( an electrical /orm :5 ! air is highly ioniz$1 (t5 j aft] a ne>by lightn+ fla%4 ,!y look & act l solid objects4 ,!y c hang motionless or drift 9 ! air1 glide along telephone wires or f5ces1 roll d[n *imneys & across ! floor to radio or ,,tv sets1 float a few in*es above ! gr\nd or high 9 ! sky4 ,! ball p]si/s z an entity = a "t rang+ f sev]al seconds to _m m9utes2 x may !n evaporate noiselessly1 or may disappe> ) an explosive noise & a =ce t c damage ne>by objects,,ix-#h;a4 ,"o ( ! few exi/+ photographs ( ball lightn+ 0 tak5 at ,l9coln1 ,nebraska1 on ,augu/ #cj1 #aicj 7see ,plate ,vb74 ,am]ican1 ,european1 & ,soviet sci5ti/s h sugge/$ v>i\s !ories1 none ( !m entirely satisfactory1 to expla9 ! =mation ( ball lightn+,,ix-#i1 ,,ix-#aj1 ,,ix-#aa4 ,^! evanesc5t fi]y globes probably repres5t "s sort ( cont9u\s electric curr5t p]haps held toge!r by its own magnetic field1 l ! fabl$ hoop snake t c\ld roll along ! gr\nd by hold+ its tail 9 its m\?4 ,9 #aich ! pilot ( a ,,boac plane en r\te to ,iraq1 fly+ 9 d5se cl\d & ra9 at #hejj feet1 report$ t a ball ( fire _h ent]$ ! re> cab9 & bur/ ) a l\d explosion4 ,"o or two m9utes lat] x 7or ano!r lightn+ ball7 ent]$ ! cockpit ?r\gh ! w9d[ :i* 0 op5 = visibility1 s+$ ! hair & eyebr[s ( ! pilot1 !n b\nc$ on ?r\gh ! =w>d pass5g] cab9 & into ! re> cab91 :]e x aga9 explod$,,ix-#ab4 ,simil> incid5ts h be5 report$ by ,soviet pilots4 ,9 ! summ] ( #aief1 a ,soviet transport plane fly+ at ab\t #aj1jjj feet 0 /ruck by ball lightn+ dur+ a v r\gh flight ?r\gh a /ormy cold front4 ,a fi]y r$-orange ball t5 to fifte5 in*es 9 diamet] appe>$ 9 front ( ! aircraft1 sw]v$ to ! left1 /ruck ! left propell] & explod$ ) a l\d detonation & a bl9d+ :ite fla%4 ,! int5se electrical dis*>ge de/roy$ radio communication betwe5 ! plane & ! gr\nd & disabl$ ! radio compass4 ,9 attempt+ to disconnect ! ant5na1 ! radio op]ator receiv$ an electric %ock4 ,:5 ! plane l&$ & 0 exam9$1 "o ( ! blades ( ! left propell] 0 f\nd to be slightly damag$ & a small fus$ area & a deposit ( soot 7 f\nd on ! edge ( ! airfoil a few in*es f its end,,ix-#ac4 ,a simil> case occurr$ 9 ,decemb] #aief1 :5 a ,soviet jet _h ent]$ a /orm cl\d & 0 climb+ ?r\gh x4 ,z ! plane rea*$ ! top ( ! cl\d1 at an altitude ( #ab1jjj to #ae1jjj feet1 ball lightn+ sudd5ly appe>$ a %ort di/ance ahead & to ! "r ( ! plane1 & explod$ ) a dull b pi]c+ noise & a bl9d+ fla%2 ! ball !n broke into a s]ies ( beads4 ,al?\gh "o ( ! eng9es close to ! ball di$ at ! in/ant ( ! explosion1 ! crew 7 able to />t x aga9 & ! flight cont9u$ normally4 ,aft] l&+ & f9d+ no me*anical damage1 !y conclud$ t ! eng9e _h fail$ tempor>ily because ! explosion _h =m$ a region ( int5se r>efi$ air t depriv$ ! eng9e ( oxyg5,,ix-#ac4 ,ball lightn+ has (t5 be5 report$ ne> ! gr\nd1 z 9 ! ,levell& case4 ,9 ! summ] ( #aicd ,mr4 ,durw>d1 a ,briti% meteorologi/1 :ile driv+ along ! bank ( a lake obs]v$ ! ph5om5on3 8,x began to ra9 heavily1 ) slight or mod]ate ?und] & lightn+4 ,8 son1 a boy ( twelve1 0 op5+ ! iron gates1 spac$ at int]vals on ?is road1 & f\nd "o difficult to op54 ,mr4 ,durw>d1 :ile walk+ ! %ort di/ance f ! motor-c> to ! gate to assi/ 8 son1 saw among ! p9e trees on 8 left :at look$ l a ball ( fire ab\t #ab 94 9 diamet] mov+ t[>ds !m4 ,x /ruck ! iron gatepo/ f>!/ f ! lat*4 ,!re 0 no noise1 b ! boy1 :o _h 8 h& on ! lat*1 gave a yell2 = ! next few h\rs he 0 unable to l[] 8 arm40,,ix-#ab ,9 ,levell& ! night ( ,novemb] #b conditions 7 ideal = ! =mation ( ball lightn+4 ,= sev]al days ! area _h be5 exp]i5c+ freak wea!r1 & on ! night 9 "q _h be5 visit$ by ra91 ?und]/orms1 & lightn+4 ,%ortly be=e ! gl[+ sph]e approa*$ ! truck1 ! two m5 _h notic$ a lightn+ fla% 9 a ne>by field4 ,! orig9al description ( ! ph5om5on--a 8flam+ ball0 or a 8fi]y tornado0 t float$ t[>d & ov] ! truck & detonat$ ) light & heat--fits ! classic picture ( ball lightn+4 ,! truck's eng9e may h di$ = "o ( sev]al reasons4 ,! ra9 dur+ ! ev5+ c\ld h seep$ "u ! hood & soak$ ! ignition or damp5$ ! sp>k plugs4 ,! fe$ l9e may h be5 clogg$4 ,or ! region ( highly r>efi$ air creat$ by ! ball lightn+ may tempor>ily h depriv$ ! eng9e ( oxyg54 ,( ! o!r driv]s ne> ,levell& t night :o report$ hav+ tr\ble ) balky motors & see+ a blaz+ object l an egg-%ap$ fireball1 ?ree probably saw ball lightn+4 ,o!rs1 aft] he>+ ,sauc$o's fright5+ /ory1 p]haps unconsci\sly dramatiz$ _! own exp]i5ces & magnifi$ ord9>y lightn+ fla%es into attack+ fi]y objects4 ,x is significant t al?\gh ! night 0 /ormy1 only ,sauc$o report$ see+ ! ord9>y lightn+ t normally accompanies a ?und]/orm4 ,s9ce ball lightn+ is %ort-liv$ & _c be pres]v$ z tangible evid5ce1 its appe>ance 9 ,levell& on ! night ( ,novemb] #b c nev] be absolutely prov$1 ev5 ?\gh ?is explanation fits all ! facts--facts t 9 !mselves d n w>rant s l5g?y a /udy4 ,only ! sauc] propon5ts c\ld h conv]t$ s trivial a s]ies ( ev5ts--a few /all$ automobiles1 balls ( flame 9 ! sky at ! end ( a ?und]/orm--into a national my/]y4 ,ball lightn+ d\btless acc\nts = o!r ,,ufo reports1 su* z ! ph5om5on obs]v$ at ,lock ,rav5 ,dam on ,octob] #bf1 #aieh1 :5 two m5 return+ late at night f a fi%+ trip saw a flam+ ball hov]+ above ! sup]/ructure ( a bridge2 ! ball explod$ ) a l\d noise & a brilliant :ite fla% & disappe>$4 ,e-,m & ,non-,e-,m ,sauc]s ,! next ,u,f,os report$ 9 ?is s]ies belong$ to ! old-fa%ion$1 non-,e-,m v>iety4 ,f ,:ite ,s&s ,prov+ ,gr\nds ne> ,alamogordo1 ,new ,mexico1 came a report t milit>y police1 :ile patroll+ ! up-range 9 a jeep ab\t #b3cj ,sunday morn+ 7a few h\rs aft] ! ,sauc$o incid5t71 _h se5 a brilliant r$di%-orange light1 %ap$ l an egg1 hov]+ 9 ! sky4 ,f its app>5t di/ance 7two to ?ree miles away7 & app>5t size 7z l>ge z a grapefruit held at arm's l5g?71 ! m5 d$uc$ t x 0 a huge object1 #ge to #ajj y>ds 9 diamet],,ix-#b4 ,aft] rema9+ motionless = ab\t ?ree m9utes1 x desc5d$ t[>d ! gr\nd & disappe>$4 7,accord+ to "s v]sions1 x lat] rose into ! sky & !n disappe>$47 ,memb]s ( ano!r jeep patrol soon mat*$ ?is tale ) ! report t on ,sunday night ab\t eight o'clock !y _h se5 a bright1 gl[+ object hov]+ 9 ! sky b1 in/ead ( l&+1 x sudd5ly climb$ until x got s f> up x look$ l a />4 ,bo? jeeps1 x %\ld be not$1 cont9u$ to function normally4 ,(ficials at ,:ite ,s&s soon damp5$ ! excitem5t4 ,! description ( ! light t appe>$ at #b3cj ,a4,m4 includ$ c]ta9 d\btful factors4 ,! night _h be5 ov]ca/ & s d>k t ! />s 7 n visible1 al?\gh ! cl\d cov] 0 brok5 at int]vals4 ,s9ce ! sight+ _h n includ$ any object ( kn[n di/ance or kn[n size = comp>ison1 ! e/imates ( ! ,,ufo's di/ance & size 7 ( no value4 ,! light might h be5 small & close2 x might equally well h be5 huge & f> away4 ,"u ! circum/ances1 ! mo/ probable explanation 0 t ! m5 _h glimps$ ! moon 7!n r\ghly half full7 ?r\gh brok5 cl\ds1 & t ! app>5t movem5t 0 an illusion produc$ by ! mov+ cl\ds4 ,! ,sunday ev5+ ,,ufo 0 unque/ionably ! planet ,v5us4 ,!n ne>ly at maximum brilliance1 x 0 a conspicu\s object 9 ! we/]n sky aft] sunset & inspir$ _m sauc] reports dur+ ?is week ( anxiety4 ,! ,:ite ,s&s incid5ts _h rea*$ ! pap]s1 h[ev]1 & contribut$ to ! g5]al hy/]ia4 ,by ,monday aft]noon1 fly+ eggs 7 alleg$ly /opp+ automobiles z f> nor? z ,canada1 b ! ,s\?we/ cont9u$ to hold ! c5t] ( ! ,,ufo /age aga9/ all competition4 ,on ,monday night1 ,novemb] #d1 ! ,alamogordo1 ,new ,mexico1 radio /ation broadca/ a dramatic int]view ) an eng9e] f ,holloman ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,new ,mexico1 describ+ 8 sight+ ( an ,e-,m-radiat+ ,,ufo at lea/ #ejj feet long4 ,ab\t "o o'clock on ,monday aft]noon1 ,mr4 ,x /at$1 he 0 return+ to base aft] a week5d 9 ,el ,paso,,ix-#d4 ,:ile driv+ along a des]t /ret* ( ,u4 ,s4 ,highway #ed ne> ! t[n ( ,orogr&e1 he notic$ a gr\p ( c>s /opp$ ahead ( him1 _! pass5g]s /&+ 9 ! road1 po9t+ at ! sky4 ,look+ up1 he saw an iridesc5t egg-%ap$ object at lea/ #ejj feet long--m ?an twice ! size ( ! ,u,f,os report$ 9 ! prec$+ two days4 ,z x approa*$1 ! fly+ egg ex]t$ a =ce t kill$ ! eng9e ( 8 c>1 g5]at$ a wave ( heat t gave him a bad burn1 & demon/rat$ a />tl+ new *>act]i/ic3 x sil5c$ ! radio 9 8 c>4 7,dur+ ! next few days1 reports ( simil> enc\nt]s usually includ$ a jamm$ radio47 ,:5 ! ,,ufo took (f t[>d ! m\nta9s & disappe>$1 ,mr4 ,x />t$ 8 c> aga9 & drove on into ,alamogordo to ! home ( a fri5d1 ,mrs4 ,coral ,lor5z54 ,"o ( ! mo/ zeal\s amateur inve/igators ( ,,ufo reports1 ,mrs4 ,lor5z5 _h f\nd$ ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,rese>* ,organization 7,,apro7 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii7 9 ,janu>y #aieb1 & f #aied to #aief _h be5 employ$ at ,holloman ,air ,=ce ,base4 ,aft] li/5+ to ,mr4 ,x's /ory & exam9+ ! notes he _h scribbl$ dur+ ! sight+ 7un=tunately !y prov$ to be illegible1 b = "s reason no "o has ev] sugge/$ t ! p5 or p5cil 0 also hex$ by ! ,,ufo71 %e hurri$ him d[n to ! local radio /ation :]e he made ! tap$ int]view t 0 broadca/ lat] t ev5+4 ,a daylight visit by an ,e-,m fly+ egg #ejj feet 9 l5g? w\ld suppos$ly h attract$ ! att5tion ( _m witnesses4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators c\ld f9d only "o3 ,mr4 ,x4 ,accord+ to 8 te/imony1 ! pass5g]s ( sev]al automobiles 78 e/imate ( ! numb] ( c>s v>i$ f "t to "t b he ev5tually settl$ on t57 _h /ood 9 ! road wat*+ ! unkn[n object4 ,a p]si/5t se>* by ,air ,=ce (ficials fail$ to locate any "o ( ^! p]sons4 ,! witness %[$ no sign ( ! burns he alleg$ly suff]$4 ,9 %ort1 ! only evid5ce to support 8 /ory 0 ,mr4 ,x's own & ! au?orities s5sibly conclud$ t ! incid5t 0 ei!r a hoax or a halluc9ation1 inspir$ by newspap] publicity ab\t ,levell&'s fly+ eggs4 ,tuesday morn+'s *ief contribution to ! ,,ufo epidemic 0 n to be laugh$ (f s easily1 = x 0 made by tra9$ milit>y p]sonnel4 ,at #e3aj ,a4,m4 on ,novemb] #e1 ! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] ,sebago1 travel+ nor? 9 ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 detect$ an erratically maneuv]+ ,,ufo on ! rad>scope4 ,! swiftly mov+ object w\ld race across & (f ! scope1 only to reappe> almo/ imm$iately f ano!r direction & position & aga9 move (f ! scope at incr$ible spe$4 ,aft] t5 m9utes ! rad> t>get vani%$1 b wat*]s on ! deck glimps$ a gl[+ object1 brilliant z a planet2 x /reak$ across ! sky j above ! nor?we/ horizon & vani%$4 ,! unkn[n rad> t>gets !n return$ & cont9u$ to fill ! scope ) _! incr$ible movem5ts until #e3cg1 :5 !y f9ally disappe>$ & did n return4 ,?is my/]y1 too1 yield$ to ord]ly inve/igation4 ,air ,=ce rad> exp]ts made a detail$ analysis ( ! data & positively id5tifi$ ! my/]i\s returns4 ,!y _h n come f ! complex air traffic ov]head1 z _h fir/ be5 sugge/$1 nor f a fanta/ically maneuv]able space%ip4 ,!y 7 m]ely false t>gets produc$ by ! wea!r conditions 7see ,*apt] ,,viii74 ,! brilliant light t fla%$ across ! sky 0 n report$ by ! rad>scope & _h no relation to ! rad> returns4 ,9 view = a few seconds at mo/1 brilliant 9 ! morn+ twilight 7! sun rose "s fifty m9utes lat]71 ! fla% ( light 0 probably a di/ant meteor--,novemb] is ri* 9 meteor displays4 ,! ,saturnian ,visitors ,tuesday ev5+ :ile ! nation 0 /ill wond]+ ab\t ! fly+ eggs 9 ,new ,mexico & ! invisible ,u,f,os t buzz$ ! ,sebago1 welcome comic relief appe>$4 ,a man nam$ ,s*midt1 a gra9 buy]1 ann\nc$ t dur+ ! aft]noon he _h visit$ ) ! crew ( a fly+ sauc] t _h l&$ to make repairs4 ,:ile driv+ 9 ! c\ntry ne> ,ke>ney1 ,nebraska1 he said1 he _h notic$ a bright fla% ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile away4 ,go+ clos] to inve/igate1 he p]ceiv$ a huge silv]y %ip a hundr$ feet long1 ?irty feet wide1 & f\rte5 feet high1 :i* _h l&$ 9 a dry riv] b$4 ,! motor ( 8 c> !n di$4 ,he got out & 0 walk+ t[>d ! %ip :5 a light %ot out & p>alyz$ him4 ,! %ip op5$ & two m5 em]g$4 ,aft] se>*+ him = conceal$ weapons1 !y releas$ him f p>alysis & invit$ him into ! %ip1 :]e he sp5t half an h\r *att+ ) ^! /rang]s & _! female companions1 mo/ly 9 ,high ,g]man & ,engli%4 7,he knew t !y came f out] space b n until "s weeks lat]1 :5 !y paid him a second visit1 did he discov] t !y 7 natives ( ! planet ,saturn47,,ix-#ad ,aft] he left ! %ip x rose /raight up into ! sky & disappe>$1 :ile he hurri$ back to t[n to report to ! %]iff1 to broadca/ an acc\nt ( 8 exp]i5ce ov] ! local radio1 & to give 8 /ory to ! newspap]s4 ,x is p]haps a measure ( ! panic level t week t local (ficials actually exam9$ ! gr\nd at ! 8l&+0 site1 look+ = evid5ce4 ,!y f\nd none4 ,! f\r 8hydraulic rams0 t alleg$ly support$ ! huge ma*9e _h left no impr9t on ! s& ( ! dry riv] b$4 ,traces ( oil f\nd on ! gr\nd 7 te/$ *emically & prov$ to be ! same br& t ! witness c>ri$ 9 ! trunk ( 8 c>4 ,ga9+ national notoriety f ?is incid5t1 ,s*midt soon became a popul> lectur] at fly+-sauc] clubs1 ?rill+ ! audi5ce ) tales ( lat] visits f ! ,saturnians & 8 j\rneys 9 _! space%ip to ! ,arctic ,circle1 ?r\gh ! wat]s "u ! ,nor? ,pole1 & ev5 into out] space4 ,a ye> or s lat] 8 extrat]re/rial fri5ds alleg$ly tipp$ him (f to ! location ( c]ta9 valuable m9]als on e>?1 includ+ ve9s ( qu>tz t _h ! desirable prop]ty ( cur+ canc]4 ,to m9e ?is qu>tz & ?us make x available to humanity1 he enli/$ ! sympa?y & f9ancial aid ( a numb] ( lonely1 weal?y wid[s4 ,"s ( ^! ladies ev5tually came to believe t !y _h be5 ! victims ( fraud &1 9 #aifa1 a ,cali=nia jury agre$ ) !m4 ,! ,saturnians app>5tly h n yet reappe>$ to help _! fri5d out ( 8 difficulties4 ,surveillance by ,fly+ ,eggs ,w$nesday ,novemb] #f 0 relatively calm on ! ,,ufo front1 al?\gh automobile eng9es di$1 radios malfunction$1 & ,,tv scre5s blurr$ at ab\t ! "t t lights 7 report$ 9 ! sky 9 ,texas1 ,new ,mexico1 ,ill9ois1 & ,canada4 ,acc\nts receiv$ lat] by sauc] organizations /at$ t on ,tuesday 7or ,w$nesday7 night an orange-color$1 :i/l+1 ,e-,m type ( ,,ufo _h hov]$ ne> ,=t ,itaipu 9 ,brazil1 caus$ a tempor>y failure ( ! electric lights1 & !n knock$ out ! g5]at+ plant = sev]al mom5ts4 ,s9ce ! alleg$ visitation occurr$ 9 a =eign c\ntry x 0 n1 ( c\rse1 op5 to /udy by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce4 ,9 any case inve/igation w\ld h be5 difficult1 s9ce ! report fail$ to include su* facts z ! exact "t ( appe>ance1 position1 & direction ( movem5t ( ! ,,ufo4 ,! witnesses1 ^: names 7 n giv51 app>5tly relat$ ! incid5t "u pl$ge ( secrecy to o!r p]sons :o insi/$ on rema9+ anonym\s1 :o pass$ ! /ory on to /ill o!rs :o refus$ to be nam$1 :o 9 turn gave ! news to report]s1 :o sign$ only _! initials,,ix-#ae4 ,s insub/antial a tale obvi\sly does n m]it s]i\s inve/igation4 ,! dimm+ ( electric lights & ! caprici\s behavior ( a g5]at+ sy/em are n extraord9>y ph5om5a & no ,,ufo is requir$ to acc\nt = !m4 ,! next incid5t to ga9 publicity 9 ?is amaz+ week occurr$ on ,?ursday 7or ,w$nesday7 ev5+ :5 a ,,ufo alleg$ly l&$ 9 ,ohio & !n vani%$4 ,driv+ home 9 ! e>ly ev5+ along a c\ntry road1 a ,mr4 ,old5 ,moore saw a gl[+ ,,ufo 9 ! sky4 ,at fir/ x look$ small1 l a />1 b x rapidly increas$ 9 size & split ap>t 9 ! air z x desc5d$ & app>5tly l&$ 9 a ne>by field4 ,moore /opp$ 8 c>1 int5d+ to inve/igate1 b = "s reason he *ang$ 8 m9d & in/ead drove on home to get 8 wife4 ,:5 !y return$ & se>*$ ! field !y f\nd no?+4 ,nev]!less1 !y report$ ! incid5t to ! au?orities & next day a ,civilian ,def5se (ficial1 arriv+ to *eck ! gr\nd :]e ! ,,ufo suppos$ly _h l&$1 report$ ! level ( radioactivity 8f> above normal40 ,a woman liv+ half a mile away f ! field 9 "q report$ t1 al?\gh %e h]self _h n se5 a ,,ufo1 h] ,,tv set _h blurr$ at ab\t ! "t ( ! sight+1 & on ! foll[+ day %e f\nd t h] c>1 p>k$ ne> ! h\se1 0 pockm>k$4 ,apply+ 8 ,geig] c\nt] to ! c>1 ! ,civilian ,def5se (ficial pron\nc$ x radioactive,,ix-#af4 ,?is ,,ufo app>5tly possess$ highly selective ,e-,m p[]s3 x did n /op ! eng9e ( ,mr4 ,moore's c> b did int]f]e ) ! op]ation ( a ,,tv set half a mile away6 ,air ,=ce inve/igators pati5tly collect$ & sift$ ! facts4 ,! suppos$ l&+ site %[$ no?+ abnormal--! grass 0 n burn$1 ! e>? 0 n di/urb$1 no =eign mat]ial c\ld be f\nd4 ,! normal radioactivity ( ! gr\nd 9 ! area measur$ 4#ah milliro5tg5s2 at ! suppos$ l&+ site ! measure _h be5 4#bj milliro5tg5s4 ,?is diff]5ce ( 4#jb is n 8f> above normal0 b well )9 ! probable error 9 ! calibration ( ! in/rum5ts4 ,int]views ) o!r ,ohioans :o _h also se5 ! gl[+ unkn[n provid$ ! answ]3 ! ,,ufo 0 a l>ge meteor1 conspicu\s 9 ! dusk ( e>ly ev5+4 ,travel+ directly t[>d ! witness1 x _h look$ l a gl[+ sph]e susp5d$ 9 ! air & rapidly increas+ 9 brightness4 ,ne> ! end ( its flight x split into two or m pieces & fell sil5tly to ! e>?1 n 89 ! next field0 b p]haps _m miles away4 ,! blurr+ ( ! ,,tv set may h be5 m]e co9cid5ce or1 if ! meteor _h actually pass$ close by1 may h result$ f ! ioniz$ trail ( ! meteor 7see ,*apt] ,v74 ,sauc]dom's ,miracul\s ,electromagnetic ,=ce ,mo/ ( u rememb] ! nurs]y tale ( ,*ick5-,little1 :o />t$ a panic 9 ! b>ny>d k+dom ) h] eyewitness report t ! sky 0 fall+3 8,i saw x ) my eyes1 ,i he>d x ) my e>s1 & a piece ( x fell on my tail40 ,calm 0 re/or$ 9 ! k+dom1 aft] a "t1 :5 ! prosaic tru? came to light3 a fall+ acorn1 n a piece ( ! sky1 _h graz$ ! cr$ul\s *ick4 ,9 some:at simil> fa%ion1 ! hy/]ia caus$ by ! c>-/all+ fly+ eggs subsid$4 ,z ! ,russian satellites glid+ across ! night sky prov$ m int]e/+ to ! public ?an hypo!tical space%ips1 fly+-sauc] /ories occupi$ less & less space 9 ! daily pap]s & ! numb] ( ,,ufo reports dw9dl$4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators work$ h>d at ! job ( sep>at+ facts f fantasy & by ,saturday ,novemb] #i1 #aieg1 ! end ( a wild week1 ! panic 0 ov]4 ,dur+ ! two ye>s foll[+1 #aieh & #aiei1 few] ?an a doz5 ,e-,m-equipp$ ,u,f,os 7 report$ ov] ! entire ,am]ican cont95t4 ,! civilian fly+-sauc] gr\ps1 h[ev]1 reject$ ! normal explanations ( ! ,novemb] reports except t ( ! ,s*midt-,saturnian meet+1 :i* all b ! culti/s indignantly d5\nc$ z a hoax publiciz$ to emb>rass s9c]e /ud5ts ( ,u,f,os4 ,dissatisfi$ ) ! solutions f\nd by ! ,air ,=ce1 ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7,,nicap7 c>ri$ out an indep5d5t /udy 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii7 ( ! ,novemb] sight+s1 & 9 ,june #aifj issu$ a booklet entitl$ 8,electro-,magnetic ,effects ,associat$ ,) ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects 7,,ufo's740 ,aft] exam9+ _m reports ( ,e-,m ph5om5a & reject+ an unspecifi$ numb] z unreliable1 memb]s ( ! inve/igat+ committee /udi$ ! evid5ce 9 a s]ies ( eighty-"o incid5ts occurr+ ov] a p]iod ( fifte5 ye>s1 r\ghly a ?ird ( :i* 7 report$ dur+ ! week ( ! ,levell& panic,,ix-#ag4 ,! cases include in/ances 9 :i*1 alleg$ly1 electrical appliances fail$ to function1 at ! same "t & ! same place 9 :i* a witness obs]v$ a ,,ufo4 ,9 "s cases a witness obs]v$ electromagnetic effects b did n see a ,,ufo1 at ! same "t t a neighbor+ witness saw a ,,ufo b did n obs]ve electromagnetic effects4 ,! effects 9 "q include ! /opp+1 miss+1 sputt]+1 & ne>-quitt+ ( automobile motors2 ! dimm+ or flick]+ ( automobile headlights2 /atic1 ro>1 or fad+ ( c> radios2 ! dimm+ & bright5+ ( h\se lights2 ! dimm+ & bright5+ ( cab9 lights 9 airplanes2 ! blurr+ ( ,,tv scre5s2 ! tempor>y loss ( picture &_/or s\nd 9 a ,,tv set2 ! /opp+ ( wat*es & clocks2 & odd noises ov] a telephone wire4 ,?is li/ may a/oni% ! av]age citiz5 :o has (t5 endur$ simil> annoyances & nev] ?\ght ( blam+ ,u,f,os = 8 tr\bles4 ,mo/ h\sehold]s "k t wat*es run d[n1 t h\selights dim & bright5 ) ! *ang+ dem&s made on ! city electrical sy/em1 & t a plane fly+ ov] a h\se c blur ! image on a ,,tv scre54 ,!re c be few read]s ( ?is book :o h n at "s "t exp]i5c$ su* brief fru/rations ) automobiles1 radios1 ,,tv sets1 & timepieces--! ord9>y tr\bles t keep our repairm5 9 bus9ess )\t assi/ance f ,u,f,os4 ,to ! het]og5e\s data provid$ by ^! eighty-"o cases1 ! committee attempt$ to apply ! precise tools ( logic & ma!matics 9 ord] to e/abli% a correlation betwe5 ,u,f,os & electromagnetic effects1 & conclud$ t a cause-&-effect relation%ip probably did exi/4 ,) suitable mat]ial1 /ati/ical me?ods c sugge/ a correlation betwe5 any two sets ( facts & c e/imate ! probability t ! correlation is significant & n due to *ance4 ,no compet5t /ati/ician1 h[ev]1 w\ld try to apply ! me?ods to su* amorph\s & unc]ta9 data z ^? us$ by ! committee4 ,m ?an a ?ird ( ! incid5ts cit$ come f newspap] acc\nts or ! private files ( sauc] organizations 9 =eign c\ntries4 ,all leave _m unansw]$ que/ions4 ,at lea/ two involve fully id5tifi$ objects3 ! great fireball ( ,septemb] #ah1 #aied 7p4 #ib71 & ! ?ree fireballs ( ,april #f1 #aiee1 may well h caus$ "s radio int]f]5ce b !y 7 n ,u,f,os4 ,ev5 ) ! well-report$ cases1 a consci5ti\s hi/orian w\ld f9d x ne>ly impossible to det]m9e precisely :at ! witnesses saw1 :at !y he>d1 :at !y did1 & :at !y said4 ,! v>i\s pr9t$ acc\nts ( ! ,levell& incid5ts1 = example1 v>y 9 _m details4 ,! ev5ts took place 9 an atmosph]e ( excitem5t & ! /ories inevitably *ang$ slightly ) ea* retell+4 ,! reports ( ,air ,=ce inve/igators1 records 9 ! files ( civilian sauc] organizations1 /atem5ts 9 newspap]s1 magaz9es1 & books--no two give exactly ! same v]sion ( any giv5 incid5t4 ,al?\gh ! po9ts ( disagreem5t are (t5 trivial1 !y are sometimes vital to f9d+ ! correct explanation4 ,ev5 if1 = ! sake ( argum5t1 a /ati/ician 7 will+ to accept ! evid5ce ( ! eighty-"o cases at face value1 he w\ld /ill n attempt to e/abli% a correlation betwe5 ,u,f,os & ,e-,m effects4 ,! probability t a 7po/ulat$7 ,,ufo w appe> at a giv5 "t or place is unkn[n2 ! probability t an electrical appliance w fail to "w at a giv5 "t or place is equally unkn[n4 ,h5ce ! probability t ! two ph5om5a w occur toge!r at a giv5 "t & place is a concept t has no mean+4 ,effects & ,causes ,ask$ to expla9 :at caus$ ! failures ( eng9es1 radios1 wat*es1 etc4 report$ dur+ ! week ( ! ,levell& sight+s1 any high s*ool physics /ud5t :o answ]$1 8,"s new k9d ( electromagnetic =ce0 w\ld prop]ly receive a grade ( z]o4 ,admitt$ly !re are physical ph5om5a t ! sci5ti/ does n yet und]/&1 b he does "k t electrical & magnetic =ces d n & c n p]=m all ! feats attribut$ to !m by sauc] en?usia/s4 ,! electrical failures ascrib$ to ,e-,m =ces und\bt$ly _h a v>iety ( causes4 ,automobile eng9es c /all = _m reasons4 ,ra9 seep+ "u ! hood ( a c> c soak ! ignition & tempor>ily int]f]e ) smoo? op]ation4 ,s& or du/ or a vapor lock 9 ! fuel l9e c d ! same4 ,! body ( an automobile is metal & completely encloses ! ignition sy/em & ! motor4 ,! eng9e /ops if x is depriv$ ( gasol9e or oxyg51 b x does n /op if lightn+ /rikes ! c>4 ,! metal body acts z a %ield t electrical =ces _c p5etrate4 ,e driv] kn[s t ! reception on a c> radio normally v>ies f poor to fair2 x r>ely rema9s con/ant4 ,:ile mov+ b5ea? a p[] l9e1 a c> may receive no radio signals at all4 ,a high-t5sion l9e c be surr\nd$ by an electrical field t makes a radio set hum or buzz rauc\sly & completely jams ! reception4 ,/atic or a p[]ful int]f]+ signal c easily jam a c>'s radio1 b no electrical field1 /atic or oscillat+1 c kill a c>'s motor or %ut (f its lights or /op ! da%bo>d clock2 x c\ld n /op ! driv]'s wri/ wat*1 & x c\ld n /op a man's wat* )\t s]i\sly injur+ ! we>]1 ev5 if he 7 /&+ 9 an op5 field4 ,radio & ,,tv sets may function badly = "o ( _m reasons4 ,!y may simply ne$ a good repairman6 ,a pass+ plane1 a m p[]ful transmitt+ /ation on ! air1 auroral activity1 /ormy wea!r1 ultraviolet radiation1 or cl\ds ( eject$ atoms f ! sun--any ( ^! c disrupt radio or ,,tv communication1 b !y d n int]f]e ) ! op]ation ( gasol9e eng9es4 ,all meteors bright en\gh to be se5 c cause "s radio & ,,tv int]f]5ce--& 9 ! fir/ week ( ,novemb] ! ,taurid %[] is approa*+ its maximum4 ,al?\gh meteors d n1 by !mselves1 emit any appreciable am\nt ( radio en]gy1 ! friction betwe5 ! swiftly mov+ meteoric body & ! atmosph]e produces a tra9 ( hot gases t c mom5t>ily reflect radio waves4 ,! brighte/ meteors leave beh9d !m a p]si/5t cl\d ( lum9\s1 electrifi$ gas t c absorb radio waves & ?us blanket incom+ signals = sev]al m9utes aft] ! meteor has pass$4 ,a spectacul> fireball obs]v$ ab\t #h3cj ,p4,m4 ,m4,s4,t4 on ,april #ah1 #aifb1 mom5t>ily turn$ (f ! /reet lights 9 ! t[n ( ,eureka1 ,utah2 x 0 s bright t x trigg]$ ! photoelectric control1 j z daybreak does,,ix-#ag;a4 ,no imag9able s+le =ce--electric1 magnetic1 or gravitational--c\ld possibly h caus$ all ! effects attribut$ to sauc]dom's miracul\s electromagnetic =ce4 ,an ,e-,m field ) ! po/ulat$ p[]s is z improbable z a =ce t w\ld lift fall5 apples f ! gr\nd & draw !m up to reunite ) ! bran*es ( _! p>5t tree4 ,let u suppose = a mom5t1 h[ev]1 t ! incid5ts 9 ! ,levell& epidemic might h occurr$ j z !y are describ$ by ! ,,nicap committee4 ,if ,u,f,os _h be5 visit+ ! e>? t week1 project+ a =ce field t p]=m$ z claim$1 c]ta9 o!r ev5ts %\ld also h occurr$4 ,?\s&s ( automobiles %\ld h be51 b 7 n1 tempor>ily disabl$ 9 ! neighborhood ( e c>-/opp+ ,,ufo4 ,fanta/ic traffic jams h sometimes be5 caus$ by torrid wea!r & consequ5t vapor locks 9 ! fuel l9es ( automobile eng9es4 ,9 ,june #aifa1 = example1 a sudd5 heat wave 9 ,bo/on caus$ a vapor-lock epidemic t ti$ up traffic on ! ma9 highways = ?ree h\rs4 ,on "s /ret*es ( road s _m c>s 7 immobiliz$ t1 ) _! hoods up to cool (f1 !y look$ 8l a conv5tion ( pelicans40 ,no su* traffic jams 7 report$ 9 connection ) ! #aieg ,u,f,os4 ,9 ,s\? ,spr+field1 ,ohio1 a c> & a taxicab /all$ b ! vehicles ar\nd !m exp]i5c$ no tr\ble4 ,"o c> /all$ 9 ,h\/on & ano!r 9 ,santa ,fe1 b ! traffic ar\nd !m proce$$ z usual4 ,hundr$s ( ,,tv sets %\ld h blurr$1 b did n1 9 ! neighborhood ( e ,,tv-blurr+ ,,ufo4 ,equally surpris+1 no "o compla9$ ( ,,ufo int]f]5ce ) hi-fi sets1 vacuum clean]s1 refrig]ators1 wa%+ ma*9es1 irons1 freez]s1 or electric razors4 ,no airplane1 helicopt]1 motorcycle1 or ocean l9] report$ eng9e tr\ble4 ,at lea/ two l&+s 7 report$1 9 ,new ,mexico & ,ohio4 ,no physical evid5ce ( l&+ c\ld be f\nd--%rubs 7 n cru%$1 grass 0 n scor*$1 gr\nd 0 n di/urb$4 ,except = ! ,sebago1 no rad> report$ ! pres5ce ( a ,,ufo4 ,moonwat* teams1 tra9$ specifically to detect1 obs]ve1 & plot ! exact pa? ( mov+ objects 9 ! sky1 7 on ! al]t t week all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada4 ,!y did n see ev5 "o unid5tifi$ fly+ object4 8,g-,fields0 & ,,ufo ,propulsion ,ev5 m fanta/ic ?an ! ,e-,m =ce t /ops c>s & sil5ces radios is ! artificial gravitational field or 8,g-field10 :i* sauc] en?usia/s call on to acc\nt = all ,u,f,os ^: report$ behavior cle>ly contradicts ! laws ( physics4 ,employ+ electromagnetic =ces1 ! ,u,f,os suppos$ly c create a v>iety ( ,g-fields z ne$$1 to be us$ z a def5se weapon1 a means to invisibility1 or a me?od ( propulsion,,ix-#ah1 ,,ix-#ai4 ,writ]s ( sci5ce fiction h regul>ly utiliz$ simil> h&y exp$i5ts su* z 8gravity %ields10 8=ce fields10 8in]tia drives10 & 8space w>ps0 to move _! h]oes quickly f e>? to remote p>ts ( ! galaxy4 ,physici/s1 too1 dream ( reveal+ new aspects ( nature t w\ld all[ man to nullify ! effects ( gravity & make %ort cuts ?r\gh space1 b !y realize t su* devices1 ev5 if !oretically n impossible1 mu/ await unimag9able discov]ies ab\t nature & are at lea/ f> 9 ! future4 ,unlike ! amateur inve/igator ( ,u,f,os1 bo? ! /orytell] & ! physici/ "k t if & :5 su* advances are made1 !y w enl>ge our und]/&+ ( ! cosmos1 z did ! creative insights ( ,galileo1 ,newton1 & ,e9/e91 b new discov]ies _c invalidate :at we h already le>n$ ab\t h[ ! univ]se works4 ,_m ( ! prop]ties ascrib$ to ,u,f,os imply a complete breakd[n ( physical law4 ,!y belong to ! realm ( magic1 n sci5ce4 ,travel+ at spe$s approa*+ ! velocity ( light1 rev]s+ direction in/antane\sly1 a*iev+ maximum accel]ation or decel]ation 9 a fraction ( a second1 becom+ invisible at w--su* feats are impossible = a solid body mov+ ei!r 9 an atmosph]e or 9 space4 ,mo/ ( ! s]i\s propon5ts ( ! sauc] hypo!sis ackn[l$ge t su* actions are impossible1 accord+ to our pres5t k1 b !y argue t ali5 races m advanc$ ?an e>?m5 h und\bt$ly f\nd new s\rces ( p[] & develop$ new me?ods ( propulsion4 ,elaborate !ories h be5 con/ruct$1 phras$ 9 ne>ly incompreh5sible sci5tific j>gon1 to %[ t ,u,f,os d n fl\t ! laws ( physics b m]ely op]ate "u laws t are /ill unkn[n to human be+s4 ,to ,,ufo inve/igators ^: pr(essional tra9+ lies *iefly 9 fields o!r ?an physics--bus9ess1 ! arts1 ent]ta9m5t1 milit>y sci5ce1 gov]nm5t1 ! law1 m$ic9e1 or religion--su* !ories might well seem plausible4 ,b to ! physici/ !y seem s irrational t !y d n ev5 des]ve discussion1 & he dismisses !m z nons5se4 ,sauc] believ]s !reupon d5\nce ! physici/ z a bigot1 compla9 ( 8 8clos$ m9d10 & pi\sly invoke ! gho/ ( ,galileo4 ,!y =get1 app>5tly1 t ! p]secutors ( ,galileo 7 speciali/s 9 !ology & _h only a nodd+ acqua9tance ) a/ronomy4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ !ories ( ,,ufo propulsion sugge/$ t sauc]s got _! motive p[] by tapp+ ! l9es ( =ce 9 ! e>?'s magnetic field4 ,"o au?or wrote3 8,! e>? be+ simply a huge magnet1 a dynamo w\nd ) magnetic l9es ( =ce z its coils1 t5escopically ! mean+ ( ?is impressive ^w is unkn[n to ! pres5t au?ors c\nt$ to be #a1beg to ! squ>e c5timet] 9 "o direction & #a1hej to ! squ>e c5timet] 9 ! o!r direction 7eddy curr5ts71 indicates t natural law has plac$ ^! l9es z close toge!r z ! hairs on "o's head4 ,& yet !y nev] t\* or cross ea* o!r if let alone4 ,if done s by accid5t ! cata/rophe w\ld spread l a se>*light & de/roy ev]y?+ 9 its pa?40,,ix-#bj1 p4 #aci ,! same au?or ass]ts t su* a 8cata/rophe0 is ! true explanation ( ,mantell's dea? 7p4 #cc74 ,suppos$ly object+ to 8 close approa*1 ! occupants ( ! sauc] he 0 *as+ manipulat$ "s ( ! l9es ( =ce until !y cross$ 9 front ( ,mantell2 ! result+ surge ( p[] knock$ ! plane out ( ! air4 ,"u "s conditions1 he adds1 ! cross+ ( ! l9es c produce desirable effects1 su* z ! ,aurora ,borealis1 :5 8we h magnetic l9es ( =ce t are cross+ "o ano!r at or ne> ! geographic & ! magnetic poles & z a result we see ^? beautiful color$ lights40,,ix-#bj1 p4 #ada ,to ! physici/1 ^! /atem5ts are an unsavory v]bal ha%4 ,l9es ( =ce _c provide a s\rce ( p[] & !y _c cause explosions--!y are n ev5 real4 ,creat$ m]ely to describe ! behavior ( magnetic fields1 !y h no m objective exi/5ce ?an a tra9 ( ?\ght4 ,by us+ ! conv5i5t fiction t l9es ( =ce em]ge f ! nor? magnetic pole1 spread ap>t z !y fl[ ar\nd ! e>?1 & !n cr[d close toge!r aga9 z !y ent] ! s\? magnetic pole1 ! physici/ is able to map obs]v$ v>iations 9 ! e>?'s magnetic field4 ,9 a simil> way ! geograph] uses cont\r l9es to map high & l[ areas on ! e>?'s surface4 ,a spacecraft c\ld n propel itself by hit*+ to magnetic l9es ( =ce any m ?an a man c\ld travel f ,philadelphia to ,p]u by slid+ d[n ! #ge? l9e ( longitude4 ,! m sophi/icat$ /ud5ts ( ,,ufo behavior d n propose magnetic l9es ( =ce z a s\rce ( p[]4 ,9 fact !y skip lightly ov] ! awkw>d "q ( h[ ! sauc]s are propell$ & vaguely ass]t t extrat]re/rial vehicles obta9 en]gy 7app>5tly )\t do+ equival5t "w7 by someh[ plugg+ 9 to ! cosmic rays & magnetic fields t exi/ 9 space4 ,?us hav+ access to unlimit$ p[]1 a sauc] suppos$ly draws on ,e-,m =ces to create & enclose itself 9 a k9d ( cocoon ( artificial gravity4 ,?is ,g-field cuts (f ! attraction ( ! e>? & o!r heav5ly bodies1 enables ! sauc] to attract or repel any approa*+ object1 & all[s x to travel almo/ z fa/ z light )\t suff]+ an increase 9 mass or a trans=mation into en]gy,,ix-#ah4 ,! ,g-,field ,my? ,to expla9 ! alleg$ prop]ties & behavior ( fly+ sauc]s1 a v>iety ( speculations h be5 publi%$ on ! nature & op]ation ( ! ,g-field,,ix-#ah1 ,,ix-#ai1 ,,ix-#ba4 ,9 ! physici/'s view1 mo/ ( ^! ideas belong m to ! realm ( magic ?an ( sci5ce b we %all summ>ize !m briefly1 ) a few p>5!tical comm5ts4 ,a ,,ufo suppos$ly c travel at spe$s ( ?\s&s ( miles an h\r & %att] ! s\nd b>ri] )\t mak+ any noise because ! ,g-field w\ld create a k9d ( protective envelope ar\nd ! sauc]4 ,b if ! ,g-field breaks d[n = any reason1 s t ! protective envelope is op5$1 !n ! ioniz$ mov+ air hits ord9>y /atic air & creates ! ?und]\s detonation produc$ by "s ,u,f,os4 7,ev5 ) an intact ,g-field1 a b\nd>y or gradi5t w\ld always exi/ some:]e betwe5 ! air t 0 dragg$ along by ! sauc] & ! air t 0 n4 ,a ?und]\s impact w\ld c]ta9ly occur at ?is b>ri]47 ,! 8invisible0 ,u,f,os suppos$ly become s by us+ ! ,g-field to b5d or deflect rays ( light4 7,x is true t />light pass+ ne> ! sun's gravitational field suff]s a deflection t makes ! /> appe> slightly displac$ f its actual position on ! cele/ial sph]e1 b a %ift 9 app>5t location does n dim a /> & does n make x invisible4 ,fur!rmore ! am\nt ( deflection is only #a4ge seconds ( arc1 less ?an half ( a ?\s&? ( a degree6 ,to produce ev5 ?is small deflection1 a covey ( sauc]s w\ld h to be able to increase its mass to equal t ( ! sun3 #a4ig times #ajcc grams6 ,:at ?is increase 9 mass w\ld d to ! re/ ( ! sol> sy/em doesn't be> ?9k+ (47 ,angel hair 7see ,*apt] ,,xi7 is suppos$ to be a wa/e product f ! op]ation ( ! ,g-field4 ,! ionization ( ! air inside ! ,g-field alleg$ly w\ld create heavy atoms t react$ *emically ) ! atoms 9 ord9>y air to produce a k9d ( precipitate t falls to ! gr\nd & disappe>s z ! ionization decreases4 7,9 ! physics laboratory1 ionization means tak+ an electron away f an electrically neutral atom4 ,! result+ atom w\ld n be heavi]4 ,! contact betwe5 ord9>y air & t 9 ! ioniz$ trail ( a meteor has nev] yet produc$ 8angel hair40 ,no laboratory has ev] report$ t isotopes ( oxyg51 hydrog51 nitrog51 & o!r elem5ts 9 ! atmosph]e c react ) _! normal analogues to produce precipitates4 ,a *ange 9 ionization _c make a *emical comp\nd disappe>47 ,! envelope ( air enclos$ by ! ,g-field is suppos$ to all[ a ,,ufo to accel]ate or *ange direction in/antane\sly1 ev5 :5 fly+ at enorm\s spe$s1 because ! ,,ufo w\ld n enc\nt] atmosph]ic friction4 7,vehicles mov+ 9 ! e>?'s gravitational field are also surr\nd$ by a cu%ion ( air1 b !y /ill mu/ ov]come friction47 ,at ?is po9t ! :ole ,g-field my? falls ap>t4 ,"o ( ! fundam5tal laws e/abli%$ by ,newton1 to :i* no exception has ev] be5 f\nd 9 ! laboratory1 /ates t a mov+ object w cont9ue to move 9 a /raight l9e unless x enc\nt]s an appli$ =ce4 ,let u suppose1 = ! mom5t1 t a gravity %ield c\ld sudd5ly be int]pos$ betwe5 a spacecraft & ! e>?1 & ?us make ! craft rev]se its direction ( flight4 ,! occupants w\ld /ill be subject to ! law ( in]tia4 ,!y w\ld be hurl$ aga9/ ! wall ( ! craft ) a viol5ce f> great] ?an t exp]i5c$ by a plane cra%+ to e>? f an altitude ( #cj1jjj feet4 ,!re c\ld be no cu%ion+ ( ! bl[4 ,su* dreams demon/rate an almo/ contemptu\s disreg>d = reality4 ,physici/s admitt$ly d n yet und]/& ! basic nature ( gravity1 b !y d "k a great deal ab\t h[ x acts4 ,gravity is ! =ce t holds ! univ]se toge!r4 ,x ex]ts a pull on all objects 9 ! physical _w--! e>?1 ! moon1 ! planets1 our sun1 ! di/ant />s1 & ev5 ! />s 9 o!r galaxies4 ,all ^! bodies )\t exception move accord+ to ! law ( univ]sal gravitation z =mulat$ by ,newton & ref9$ by ,e9/e93 ,e p>ticle 9 ! univ]se attracts e o!r p>ticle ) a =ce t is proportional to ! product ( _! masses1 & inv]sely proportional to ! squ>e ( ! di/ance betwe5 !m4 ,! magnitude ( ! =ce dep5ds only on ! masses ( ! bodies & on _! di/ances f ea* o!r4 ,x does n dep5d at all on ! nature ( ! m$ium t sep>ates !m4 ,x op]ates un*ang$ ?r\gh /one1 metal1 wat]1 air1 or empty space4 ,) a metal %ield we c r$uce electrical =ces to z]o2 ) a s(t-iron %ield we c weak5 magnetic =ces2 b no sub/ance exi/+ 9 nature c act z a %ield to %ut out ! =ce ( gravitation4 ,electricity1 ,magnetism1 & ,gravity ,no responsible sci5ti/ w\ld ass]t t man has f\nd out all !re is to "k ab\t ! univ]se1 & few w\ld insi/ t "s k9d ( a %ield = gravity is an absolute impossibility4 ,z yet1 h[ev]1 no laboratory has detect$ any ph5om5on t might be a clue to 8negative gravity40 ,9 rec5t ye>s nucle> physici/s h occasionally caught fleet+ glimpses ( :at has be5 call$ 8anti-matt]10 electrons ) positive *>ges & protons ) negative *>ges--! rev]se ( _! *>ges 9 ! normal _w4 ,"s inve/igators h speculat$ on ! gravitational prop]ties ( anti-matt]1 & h wond]$ :e!r x might ex]t a =ce t w\ld repel in/ead ( attract4 ,s f> no "o has be5 able to ?9k ( an exp]im5t to te/ ! idea4 ,ev5 if someone c\ld f9d a way to collect a ?imbleful ( anti-matt]1 :5 he br\ght x into contact ) normal matt]1 x1 he1 & 8 surr\nd+s w\ld in/antly detonate l a sup]-colossal neutron bomb4 ,_m physici/s believe t1 s9ce electrical =ces op]ate indep5d5tly ( gravitational =ces1 int]*ang+ ! *>ges on protons & electrons w\ld probably h no effect on ! gravitational field4 ,!oretical /udy & computations may som$ay yield an answ]4 ,= ye>s sci5ti/s h be5 se>*+ = a 8unifi$ field !ory10 a s+le equation t w\ld describe ! int]relation%ip among electrical1 magnetic1 & gravitational =ces4 ,su* a ma!matical /atem5t w\ld reveal ! my/]i\s bond t holds toge!r ! atomic nucleus1 imp>ts to atoms _! unique /ructure1 & keeps ! />s 9 _! c\rses4 ,b ?is unify+ equation1 :5 x is f\nd1 w n make our pres5t k invalid4 ,en?usia/s are delud+ !mselves :5 !y base _! belief 9 fly+ sauc]s on ! hope ( ov]?r[+ ! laws ( gravity & in]tia4 ,gravity1 magnetism1 & electricity are actual physical =ces1 z real z light1 air1 h\ses1 trees1 or p]sons4 ,!y c act only accord+ to ! laws ( nature :i*1 unlike ! laws pass$ by legislatures1 are n subject to repeal4 ,no juggl+ ( words1 no argum5t1 no wi% c *ange ^! laws any m ?an !y c /op ! ris+ ( ! sun or ! wan+ ( ! moon4 ,if man is ev] to le>n to control ! =ce ( gravity1 he w succe$ n by d5y+ ! reality ( ! laws b only by f9d+ out :at !y are & by try+ to und]/& !m4 ,,ix-#a ,mi*el1 ,a4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,/raight ,l9e ,my/]y4 ,new ,york3 ,crit]ion ,books1 #aieh4 ,,ix-#b ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,ix-#c ,el ,paso 7,texas7 ,times1 ,nov4 #d1 #aieg4 ,,ix-#d ,b>k]1 ,g4 8,*as+ ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,may #aieh71 p4 #bj ff4 ,,ix-#e ,d5v] ,po/1 ,nov4 #f1 #aieg4 ,,ix-#f ,viemei/]1 ,p4 ,e4 ,! ,lightn+ ,book4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aifa4 ,,ix-#g ,mat?ias1 ,b4 ,t41 & ,bu*sbaum1 ,s4 ,j4 8,p9*$ ,lightn+10 ,nature1 ,vol4 #aid 7#aifb71 p4 #cbg4 ,,ix-#h ,rit*ie1 ,d4 ,j4 ,ball ,lightn+4 ,a ,collection ( ,soviet ,rese>* 9 ,engli% ,translation 7#aifa74 ,new ,york3 ,consultants ,bureau4 ,,ix-#h;a ,cade1 ,c4 ,m4 8,?und]bolts z ! ,x-weapon10 ,discov]y1 ,vol4 ,,xxiii 7#aifb71 pp4 #bc-bh4 ,,ix-#i ,kapitsa1 ,p4 ,l4 8,! ,nature ( ,ball ,lightn+10 ,dokl4 ,akad4 ,nauk ,,sssr1 ,vol4 ,,ci1 ,no4 #b 7#aiee71 pp4 #bde-dh4 7,translat$ 9 ,,ix-#h47 ,,ix-#aj ,hill1 ,e4 ,l4 8,ball ,lightn+ z a ,physical ,ph5om5on10 ,bullet9 ,am]ican ,meteorology ,society1 ,vol4 ,,xxxxi 7#aifj71 p4 #aii4 ,,ix-#aa ,pi]ce1 ,e4 ,t42 ,nadile1 ,r4 ,m42 & ,mc,kinnon1 ,p4 ,j4 8,an ,exp]im5tal ,inve/igation ( ,negative ,po9t-plane ,corona & ,its ,relation to ,ball ,lightn+10 ,,afcrl-,,tr-#fj-ced4 ,b$=d1 ,mass43 ,oct4 #bd1 #aifj4 ,,ix-#ab ,gold1 ,e4 8,?und]bolts3 ,! ,electric ,ph5om5a ( ,?und]/orms10 ,nature1 ,vol4 ,,clxix 7#aieb71 pp4 #efa-fc4 ,,ix-#ac ,kogan-,beletskii1 ,g4 ,i4 8,! ,nature ( ,ball ,lightn+10 ,priroda1 ,no4 #d 7#aieg71 pp4 #ga-gc4 7,translat$ 9 ,,ix-#h47 ,,ix-#ad ,s*midt1 ,r4 ,o4 8,! ,ke>ney ,incid5t10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,octob] #aiei71 p4 #ca ff4 ,,ix-#ae ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet91 ,vol4 ,,ii1 ,no4 #b 7,m>*-,april #aieh74 ,,ix-#af 8,! ,case ( ! ,radioactive ,,ufo10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,febru>y #aieh71 p4 #cj4 ,,ix-#ag 8,electro-magnetic ,effects ,associat$ ,) ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects 7,,ufo's710 ,subcommittee ( ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7,,nicap71 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 7,june #aifj74 ,,ix-#ag;a ,sky & ,telescope1 ,vol4 ,,xxiii 7#aifb71 p4 #cbc4 ,,ix-#ah ,mi*el1 ,a4 ,! ,tru? ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,crit]ion ,books1 #aief4 ,,ix-#ai ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,! ,fly+ ,sauc] ,conspiracy4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiee4 ,,ix-#bj ,scully1 ,f4 ,beh9d ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,popul> ,libr>y1 #aiea4 ,,ix-#ba ,cramp1 ,l4 ,g4 ,space1 ,gravity & ! ,fly+ ,sauc]4 ,new ,york3 ,briti% ,book ,c5tre1 #aiee4 ,*apt] ,x ,,contact6 ,all fields ( human activity h _! practical jok]s4 ,elaborate hoaxes h be5 p]petrat$ 9 music1 art1 lit]ature1 hi/ory1 religion1 sci5ce--& 9 ! _w ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,al?\gh ! motives = su* sw9dles are n always obvi\s1 ! trick/] is usually try+ to promote a cause1 to ga9 fame &_/or pre/ige1 to make money1 to satirize a folly1 or j to h "s fun at ! public's exp5se4 ,"s hoaxes1 su* z ,m>k ,twa9's petrifi$ man1 produce only h>mless amusem5t4 ,o!rs1 plann$ z s]i\s deceptions1 c cause long-la/+ damage4 ,! celebrat$ ,piltd[n man 0 fraudul5tly creat$ f an ape's jawbone1 a /ray too?1 & a few *emical /a9+ ag5ts2 x ga9$ fame = ! sci5ti/s involv$ b ?rew ! /udy ( human evolution into a confusion t la/$ m ?an tw5ty ye>s1 until ! =g]y 0 reveal$ 9 e detail,x-#a4 ,a few hoaxes live on & on ev5 aft] !y are expos$1 app>5tly because p enjoy believ+ 9 !m4 ,! ,j]sey devil1 describ$ z a fire-brea?+ mon/] ) huge w+s & a long tail1 0 fir/ m5tion$ 9 ! columns ( a small-t[n newspap] 9 ,new ,j]sey 9 #aijf4 ,)9 a few days inhabitants ( rural areas all ov] ! ea/ coa/ 7 report+ glimpses ( ! fright5+ demon & on "o p>ticul> night x alleg$ly t]rifi$ citiz5s 9 ,new ,j]sey1 ,p5nsylvania1 ,delaw>e1 & ,m>yl&4 ,! panic f9ally rea*$ su* heights t "s t[ns clos$ _! factories & !at]s4 ,?is fanta/ic mon/] 0 quickly f\nd to be a hoax1 ! bra9 *ild ( ! publicity manag] = a ,philadelphia museum ( freaks2 8 sole purpose _h be5 to drum up cu/om]s = ! museum4 ,nev]!less _m p]sons reject$ ?is explanation & cont9u$ to believe t ! creature really exi/$4 ,x 0 report$ aga9 9 #aibf1 9 #aicj1 9 #aicb1 & may reappe> aga9 at any "t4 ,obvi\sly ! ,j]sey devil1 ?\gh admitt$ly ! product ( a hoax1 has become a p]man5t "p ( ! local fauna,x-#b4 ,fly+-sauc] hoaxes are r>ely submitt$ to ! ,air ,=ce z bona fide sight+s4 ,( #aejj ,,ufo reports1 only =ty-two prov$ to be delib]ate frauds or ! delusions ( un/able p]sons4 ,! hoax] may give 8 tale to ! newspap]s1 to a lecture audi5ce1 or ev5 publi% x 9 a book1 b he c>efully avoids ,air ,=ce scrut9y4 ,8 /ory w n hold up "u close inve/igation1 & he kn[s x4 ,e>?l+s & ,extrat]re/rials ,! fantasies ( ! obvi\sly delud$ are a problem = ! cl9ician & w n be discuss$ 9 ?is book4 ,typical is ! case ( 8,dr4 ,x0 :o writes to /rang]s1 invit+ !m to accompany him on 8 next visit to ! 8,bro!rs0 9 space & to 8jo9 ! side ( righte\sness40 ,al?\gh ,dr4 ,x has sev]al times set a date = ! excursion1 he has always _h to po/pone x = "s reason4 ,he himself1 he says1 has made m ?an sixty j\rneys on fly+ sauc]s & "m %ips1 & has (t5 tak5 8 automobile along--j :y he ne$$ x he does n expla94 ,peculi>ly h>d to classify are ! 8contact0 reports1 9 :i* a witness affirms t he has _h "o or m p]sonal enc\nt]s ) a spacecraft & t he has communicat$ ) its occupants1 :o range 9 type f ord9>y specim5s ( ,homo sapi5s to hairy dw>fs & elephant-fac$ little m5 9 space suits4 ,he gives a m or less detail$ acc\nt ( ! incid5t & sometimes (f]s 8pro(0 9 ! =m ( alleg$ photographs or fragm5ts ( ! vehicle4 ,o/5sibly inspir$ by religi\s or humanit>ian motives1 ^! 8contactees0 :olehe>t$ly support ! !ory t fly+ sauc]s orig9ate 9 worlds beyond ! e>?4 ,9 g5]al ! contactees tell ess5tially ! same /ory1 ) m9or v>iations3 ,e>?l+ 7! witness7 sees a fly+ sauc]2 sauc] l&s4 ,extrat]re/rial occupant em]ges1 ext5ds fri5dly greet+s1 confides 8 wi% to help ! human race solve its problems1 takes ,e>?l+ = a cruise to ano!r planet1 br+s ,e>?l+ back4 ,aft] promis+ to ma9ta9 a sort ( gu>dian%ip ov] ! e>?1 ! visitor says f>ewell & flies back to 8 home planet4 ,al?\gh ^! /ories are told 9 ! fir/ p]son1 purport$ly z fact1 !y p]haps %\ld n be call$ hoaxes1 = !y c deceive only ! cr$ul\s :o want to believe t sup]m5 f o!r worlds are hov]+ ne> to save our tr\bl$ planet4 ,) no susp5se1 little *>act]ization1 & ludicr\sly bad sci5ce1 ^! nave acc\nts are fiction ( su* poor quality t !y w\ld be reject$ by ev5 ! mo/ h>d-press$ editor ( fanta/ic tales4 ,:e!r f ,v5us1 ,m>s1 ,saturn1 or ! planets ( o!r sol> sy/ems1 ^! gods f ! ma*9e all look j l human be+s & ei!r speak ! colloquial language ( ! contactee or communicate by ?\ght transf]5ce4 ,_! physical appe>ance1 clo?+1 ta/es 9 food1 habits ( ?\ght1 & e?ical values usually seem indi/+ui%able f ^? ( ! citiz5s 7:e!r ,am]ican1 ,fr5*1 or ,brazilian7 :o report ! visitors4 ,! 8,contactees0 ,"o man :o suppos$ly 0 privileg$ to make contact ) visitors f space 0 ,daniel ,fry :o1 :ile /roll+ 9 ! ,new ,mexico des]t on ! ev5+ ( ,july #d1 #aiej1 notic$ a fly+ sauc] t _h app>5tly j l&$4 ,:5 he approa*$ & />t$ to t\* ! %ip1 he sudd5ly he>d a voice speak+ 9 fri5dly caution3 8,bett] n t\* ! hull1 pal1 x's /ill hot40 ,! voice1 he discov]$1 belong$ to an extrat]re/rial be+ 9 a "m %ip t 0 hov]+ "s #ijj miles above ! e>?4 ,! craft on ! gr\nd ne$$ no crew1 = x 0 a 8remote-controll$ c>go c>ri]10 s5t d[n to collect samples ( ! e>?'s atmosph]e4 ,communicat+ by m5tal telepa?y1 ! spaceman reveal$ t1 al?\gh he came f a remote planet1 8 ance/ors _h be5 e>?m5 :o _h migrat$ f ! isl& ( ,lemuria 9 anci5t times 7see ,*apt] ,,ii74 ,/rangely en\gh1 al?\gh ! visitor's fir/ rem>k _h %[n a rem>kable comm& ( contempor>y ,engli%1 he did n "k :at a roll] coa/] 06 ,he took su* a fancy to ,fry t he invit$ him to ent] ! c>go craft & treat$ him to a quick flight to ,new ,york & back1 a r\nd trip ( #djjj miles complet$ 9 half an h\r6,x-#c ,a contactee ^: exp]i5ce (f]$ v>iations on ! basic !me 0 ,truman ,be?urum1 a con/ruction work]4 ,accord+ to 8 /ory1 he happ5$ to be look+ = sea %ells 9 ! ,nevada des]t sometime be=e dawn "o morn+ 9 ,july #aieb :5 he enc\nt]$ a fly+ sauc] & its fri5dly crew4 ,! capta9 0 a female1 a 8que5 among wom510 ^: attractive co/ume includ$ a bright-r$ skirt1 a black-velvet %ort-sleev$ bl\se1 & a black b]et ) r$ trim,x-#d4 ,?\gh ! gr&mo!r ( two1 %e 0 s beautiful t at _! fir/ meet+ ,be?urum 0 spee*less4 ,obvi\sly try+ to put him at 8 ease1 %e smil$ & said enc\rag+ly1 8,speak up1 my fri5d1 y're n hex$40 ,dur+ ! foll[+ mon?s1 he says1 !y _h sev]al meet+s & ev5tually1 at h] invitation1 he accompani$ h] on an enjoyable visit to ! sauc]'s home base1 ! planet 8,cl>ion40 ,be+ plac$ directly beh9d ! moon & app>5tly mov+ 9 a p>allel orbit1 ?is heav5ly body has entirely escap$ ! notice ( e>?ly a/ronom]s,x-#e4 ,george ,w4 ,van ,tassel1 op]ator ( a comm]cial airport1 resort1 & gue/ ran* 9 ,cali=nia 7= "s reason mo/ ( ! bett]-kn[n contactees seem to be ,cali=nians71 alleg$ly made contact ) space be+s ( a m e!real type4 ,_! sauc]s travel$ on p[] produc$ by ! 8transmutation ( h>d light p>ticles into s(t light p>ticles10 & a typical vehicle 0 #aejj feet 9 diamet]1 #cjj feet ?ick1 & c>ri$ a crew ( #gbjj4 ,:y !y ne$$ s mu* room--m ?an #gj1jjj cubic feet p] spaceman--rema9s a my/]y1 = bo? ! %ip & its occupants 7 made ( pure light4 ,! "m %ips rema9$ ?\s&s ( miles above ! e>? at sub/ations f :i* !y s5t out _! 8v5tlos10 or fly+ sauc]s1 to patrol ! e>? & try to improve conditions "h4 ,speak+ ?r\gh ,van ,tassel1 ! visitors s5t _m messages su* z t ( ,june #bh1 #aieb3 8,salutations4 ,my id5tity is ,qel1 #gbnd projection1 #ae? wave1 realms ( ,s*>e a sauc] /ation 9 space4 ,we are pass+ ov] y\r cone ( receptivity1 #agb ?\s& miles above y4 ,our c5t] reque/s t ,i in=m y4 ,y w see m ( u if y wat* ! skies40 ,sev]al times ! spacem5 ?reat5$1 if oppos$1 to laun* ?\s&s ( sauc]s p] second aga9/ ! e>?4 ,9 ,janu>y #aiec !y w>n$ t !y _h ?ree sub/ations 9 space ready to release #ejj1jjj sauc]s ea*2 two mon?s lat]1 9 ,m>*1 !y in=m$ ,van ,tassel t !y n[ _h #c million sauc]s 9 op]ation ar\nd ! e>?4 ,someh[ or o!r1 ?is armada ( ,u,f,os seems to h rema9$ invisible to bo? ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce & ! public,x-#f4 ,:e!r su* tales are delusions1 fantasies1 or hoaxes may be impossible to det]m9e4 ,"s contact cases1 h[ev]1 und\bt$ly conta9 elem5ts ( fraud4 ,at wor/1 ! witness may be delib]ately inv5t+ ! :ole /ory f />t to f9i%2 at be/1 he may feel s c]ta9 ( ! reality ( 8 exp]i5ce t he feels ju/ifi$ 9 manufactur+ evid5ce to conv9ce possible skeptics4 ,no matt] :at 8 motives1 :5 he tries to add v]isimilitude to 8 n>rative by fabricat+ pro(s1 he jo9s ! company ( hoax]s,x-#g4 ,9 ! ,maury ,isl& case 7see ,*apt] ,,ii71 ! witnesses (f]$ alleg$ fragm5ts ( a disabl$ space%ip1 :i* turn$ out to be *unks ( slag4 ,! sc\tma/] 9 ,florida exhibit$ s+$ hair on 8 arm & a scor*$ cap to prove t he _h suff]$ f ! heat rays ( a l&$ fly+ sauc] 7see ,*apt] ,,vii71 & ! gra9 salesman 9 ,nebraska bol/]$ 8 tale ( ! ,saturnian %ip by po9t+ to %all[ cracks 9 a dry riv] b$ & oil smudges on ! grass 7see ,*apt] ,,ix74 ,a contactee :o provid$ 8pro(0 ( 8 /ory 0 ,h[>d ,m5g]1 :o specializ$ 9 describ+ visits to ! moon4 ,9 ! moon cities1 he said1 he met _m e>? sci5ti/s :o enjoy$ a delightful1 relax$ exi/5ce4 ,! lun> natives use no money1 are born )\t app5dixes1 & = ent]ta9m5t play a game v mu* l baseball4 ,9 sci5ce !y are way ahead ( u3 us+ sauc]s equipp$ ) 8self-conta9$ gravity0 & propell$ by 8process$ free en]gy10 !y transport$ him f e>? to moon 9 only two h\rs,x-#h4 ,z a trophy ( 8 visit1 ,m5g] br\ght back a lun> potato4 ,?is rem>kable vegetable 0 suppos$ to h five times ! prote9 cont5t ( an ord9>y ,am]ican potato1 b un=tunately x 0 n available = analysis4 ,z soon z he return$1 he said1 he _h turn$ x ov] to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t1 & ! gov]nm5t 0 keep+ x top secret,x-#i4 ,adamski's ,travels ,p]haps ! be/ kn[n ( ! contactees is ,george ,adamski1 :o on ! night ( ,novemb] #bj1 #aieb1 9 ! des]t ( ,s\!rn ,cali=nia1 suppos$ly met & talk$ ) ! pilot ( a vehicle t _h j arriv$ f ,v5us4 ,conv]sation 0 no problem2 bo? m5 simply us$ telepa?y & sign language :5 words fail$,x-#aj4 ,9 ! ye>s s9ce !n ,adamski has report$ _m o!r pleasant *ats ) visitors f ,m>s & ,saturn z well z ,v5us1 & has alleg$ly made sev]al j\rneys 9 _! spacecraft1 includ+ an a]ial t\r ( ! moon4 ,on ?is trip he obs]v$ ) surprise t ! moon's hidd5 side conta9$ f]tile c\ntry ab\nd+ 9 lakes1 riv]s1 vegetation1 & prosp]\s cities ) p /roll+ along ! sidewalks,x-#aa4 ,he 0 n at all disconc]t$ :5 ! ,russian photographs ( ! moon's f> side %[$ no trace ( ^! delightful features4 ,obvi\sly1 said ,adamski1 ! ,russians _h simply ret\*$ ! pictures be=e releas+ !m to ! _w1 9 ord] to deceive ! ,unit$ ,/ates & to conceal ! vegetation1 trees1 & build+s ( ! space p :o _h _! bases !re,x-#ab4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ae4 ,top1 s*ematic draw+ ( ,adamski's ,v5usian sauc]4 ,bottom1 s*ematic draw+ ( *ick5 brood]4 ,cle>ly aw>e ( possible skepticism1 ,adamski did n ask ! public to accept 8 exp]i5ces on 8 unsupport$ ^w2 z evid5ce1 he (f]$ v>i\s photographs %[+ cig>-%ap$ objects1 a rocky hillside ) a :ite blob on ! horizon1 & ! draw+ ( a p]son app>5tly clad 9 cov]alls--)\t ! book's explanation no "o w\ld ev] suspect t he came f ! planet ,v5us4 ,"o ( ! be/-kn[n pictures he publi%$ %[$ a bell-%ap$ 8space%ip0 ) circul> op5+s ne> ! top & ?ree l>ge balls on ! bottom = l&+ ge>4 ,by an int]e/+ co9cid5ce1 ?is craft closely resembles a well-kn[n type ( *ick5 brood]1 ^: ?ree infr>$ bulbs at ! base look v mu* l ! 8l&+ ge>0 ( ! alleg$ spacecraft 7see ,figure #ae74 ,:5 skeptics d\bt$ ,adamski's claim t he _h travel$ f ,kansas ,city1 ,miss\ri1 to ,dav5port1 ,i[a1 by fly+ sauc]1 he display$ "o ( ! mo/ unusual items ev] call$ ^u to prove ! exi/5ce ( space%ips3 8 uncancel$ railway ticket1 = :i* he reque/$ a refund6,x-#ac ,photography & ! ,,ufo ,^? :o believe 9 fly+ sauc]s h long hop$ to obta9 a good cle> photograph t w\ld e/abli% _! exi/5ce once & = all4 ,_m 8,,ufo0 pictures %[ vague specks & blurs ^: int]pretation is limit$ only by ! imag9ation ( ! view]4 ,( ! _m pictures tak5 9 good fai? & (f]$ 9 evid5ce1 none %[s an indubitable space%ip4 ,mo/ ( !m are g5u9e photographs %[+ indi/9ct images ( jet planes1 birds1 balloons1 & o!r objects normally 9 ! sky4 ,!y are puzzl+ only until !y are comp>$ ) simil> photographs ( kn[n jet planes1 birds1 balloons1 & o!r normal objects2 !n _! id5tity becomes obvi\s4 ,trick photography has (t5 be5 call$ ^u to prove ! reality ( ! incr$ible--fairies1 ectoplasm1 gho/s--& x has also play$ a "p 9 ! hi/ory ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,:ile ! mo/ detail$ contact /ories h usually come f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 = "s peculi> reason ! be/ ( ! fak$ pictures h come f ,europe & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,a widely publiciz$ photograph suppos$ly tak5 at ,taorm9a1 ,sicily1 9 #aied %[s f\r m5 /&+ on a bridge & app>5tly gaz+ at two ,u,f,os so>+ ov]head ,x-#ad4 ,! deep %ad[s ca/ by ! m5 & ! bridge rail+ %[ t ! sun 0 %9+ brilliantly1 b ! objects 9 ! sky1 :i* look l ! inv]t$ cov]s ( teapots or sug> b[ls1 %[ only fa9tly %ad[$ areas4 ,/rang] yet1 ! %ady side ( "o ,,ufo is on ! left1 t ( ! o!r ,,ufo on ! "r4 ,! m5 on ! bridge h _! heads tilt$ at su* an angle t !y c\ld n possibly h se5 ! objects pictur$1 b are obvi\sly look+ at ! hill 9 ! backgr\nd in/ead ( at ! sky4 ,ev5 a casual inspection exposes ?is picture z a crude fake 7see ,plate ,v,ia74 ,an ev5 crud] fake 0 (f]$ z evid5ce to ,dr4 ,m5zel 9 ,s\? ,africa 9 ! summ] ( #aifb4 ,! optimi/ic photograph] insi/$ t he _h snapp$ a g5u9e sauc] on ! w+1 ev5 ?\gh ! circul> object %[n 9 ! pr9t 0 an unmi/akable hubcap1 ! ,*evrolet trade-m>k cle>ly legible4 ,! ,isle ( ,lov]s ,hoax ,"s photographic hoaxes are m clev]ly execut$4 ,9 ,may #aieb1 a few weeks aft] ,life magaz9e _h al>m$ ! _w ) its article 8,h ,we ,visitors f ,out] ,space80,x-#ae1 ! ,brazilian weekly picture magaz9e ,o ,cruzeiro publi%$ />tl+ly cle> photographs ( an alleg$ fly+ sauc],x-#af4 ,accord+ to ! accompany+ /ory1 a report] & a photograph] on ! /aff ( ! magaz9e on ,may #g _h visit$ ,ilha dos ,amores1 an isl& n f> f ,rio de ,janeiro1 to d a feature assignm5t4 ,late 9 ! aft]noon1 at a mom5t :5 ! photograph] j happ5$ to h 8 cam]a po9t$ at ! sky1 ! report] sudd5ly call$ 8 att5tion to a pass+ ,,ufo4 ,dur+ ! m9ute or s ! object 0 9 view he obta9$ five pictures :i*1 along ) ! report]'s eyewitness /ory1 7 releas$ to ! public on ,may #ag4 ,if ! editors actually believ$ 9 ! reality ( ! sauc]1 ! t5-day delay be=e in=m+ ! _w ( its visit is rem>kable4 ,! magaz9e has nev] admitt$ t ! photographs 7 a hoax1 b !y inspir$ d\bt ev5 9 sympa!tic inve/igators,x-#ag4 ,! ,,ufo appe>s 9 a dull sky above a m\nta9 peak4 ,9 ! fir/ picture ! object looks l a jet plane surr\nd$ by an exhau/ haze &1 ) a little imag9ation1 might be call$ a ,saturn-l object4 ,9 succe$+ pictures x resembles ! lid ( a teapot1 or ! bottom view ( a rubb] /opp] = a s9k4 ,a /udy ( ! %ad[s quickly reveals ! fraudul5t nature ( ^! photographs3 ! dome on top ( ! 8sauc]0 ca/s its %ad[ to ! "r1 :ile ! trees & m\nta9s 9 ! =egr\nd ca/ _! %ad[s to ! left4 ,! picture c\ld be au!ntic only 9 a peculi> _w 9 :i* ! sun %one f ! we/ on objects on ! gr\nd1 b %one f ! ea/ on objects fly+ 9 ! sky6 ,! ,tr9dade ,isl& ,sauc] ,! mo/ fam\s ( all purport$ photographs ( a ,,ufo1 ! ,tr9dade ,isl& sauc]1 also came f ,brazil4 ,fir/ publi%$ 9 ,brazilian newspap]s on ,febru>y #ba1 #aieh1 ! pictures %[$ d>k m\nta9 crags loom+ aga9/ an ov]ca/ sky4 ,above "o peak appe>$ a />tl+ image 7mu* l ! ,o ,cruzeiro sauc] ( #aieb7 resembl+ ! planet ,saturn--a flatt5$ sph]e b&$ r\nd ! middle by a d>k l9e t ext5d$ l a plat=m beyond ! curv$ sides4 ,accord+ to ! accompany+ news /ories1 ! ,,ufo _h fl[n ov] ! isl& ( ,tr9dade & _h be5 obs]v$ by ! (fic]s & crew ( a %ip ( ! ,brazilian ,navy4 ,! pictures1 tak5 by a photograph] on bo>d1 _h be5 exam9$ & suppos$ly pron\nc$ g5u9e by ,navy exp]ts be=e be+ releas$ to ! press4 ,s9ce a responsible milit>y organization & a major _w gov]nm5t ?us seem$ to accept ! photographs z pro( t fly+ sauc]s actually exi/$1 ! incid5t rais$ a /orm ( (ficial inquiry bo? 9 ,brazil & abroad4 ,!n1 )9 a few weeks1 ! /orm abruptly subsid$4 ,al?\gh no explanation 0 giv51 ! object 9 ! pictures 0 obvi\sly consid]$ no ?reat to our planet's security 7see ,plate ,v,ib74 ,al?\gh sauc] en?usia/s reg>d ^! pictures z g5u9e evid5ce = ! reality ( ,u,f,os1 c>eful /udy ( ! facts /rongly sugge/s t ?is case1 :i* rock$ ! ,brazilian ,gov]nm5t & creat$ a %ort-liv$ b _w-wide sauc] sc>e1 0 m]ely an unusually skillful hoax,x-#ah4 ,at fir/ glance1 ! circum/ances ( ! sight+ seem$ to be entirely cle> & /raight=w>d,x-#ai4 ,tr9dade is a b>r51 m\nta9\s isl& ( ab\t six squ>e miles1 ab\t #fjj miles f ! coa/ ( ,brazil4 ,ab&on$ aft] ! end ( ! ,second ,_w ,w>1 ! isl& rema9$ des]t$ except by sea gulls until ,octob] #aieg1 :5 ! ,brazilian ,navy e/abli%$ an oceanographic po/ & a meteorological /ation !re to c>ry out its rese>* = ! ,int]national ,geophysical ,ye> 7,,igy74 ,to facilitate ! oceanographic /udies1 ! ,navy also conv]t$ a tra9+ %ip1 ! ,almirante ,saldanha1 into a float+ laboratory equipp$ ) sci5tific app>atus & photographic d>kroom4 ,) a crew ( ab\t #cjj1 ! %ip r\t9ely travel$ betwe5 ,rio de ,janeiro & ,tr9dade ,isl& on its duties = ! ,,igy4 ,a major function ( ! meteorological /ation 0 ! laun*+ & track+ ( wea!r balloons2 !y 7 pa9t$ r$1 inflat$ ) hydrog51 & c>ri$ radio transmitt]s4 ,laun*$ ea* morn+1 !y 7 track$ by radio & optical devices to %[ ! movem5ts ( ! w9ds 9 ! upp] atmosph]e4 ,at a c]ta9 po9t 7:5 ! balloon bur/1 or at a pre>rang$ signal7 ! balloon releas$ a bag ( sci5tific in/rum5ts :i*1 atta*$ to a p>a*ute1 float$ to ! gr\nd to be retriev$4 ,! ,tr9dade /ation began op]ation 9 ,novemb] #aieg4 ,almo/ imm$iately1 ,u,f,os 7 report$ ov] ! isl&4 7,brazil _h n be5 immune to ! fly+-sauc] epidemic t _h begun 9 ,texas e>ly t mon? see ,*apt] ,,ix1 & s5tries at ,itaipu ,=t1 ne> ,santos1 on ,novemb] #d _h report$ a ,,ufo t knock$ out ! lights & electric plant47 ,) wea!r balloons go+ up daily1 p>a*utes float+ d[n at odd times1 & sea gulls cruis+ ov] ! isl&1 ! adv5t ( o!r 8sauc]s0 0 inevitable4 ,dur+ ,novemb] & ,decemb] sev]al ,u,f,os 7 report$ by workm51 none ( :om 7 tra9$ obs]v]s4 ,al?\gh nei!r ,capta9 ,bacell>1 ! comm&+ (fic] at ! /ation1 nor 8 (fic]s saw any unid5tifi$ objects1 he radio$ ,rio to report ! incid5ts & inve/igat$ ea* /ory4 ,"s he f\nd to be false1 "s 7 bas$ on mi/ak5 id5tification ( gulls & balloons1 & 9 o!rs ! evid5ce 0 inconclusive4 ,e>ly 9 ,janu>y #aieh1 :5 ! ,almirante ,saldanha arriv$ on s*$ule at ,tr9dade1 x _h on bo>d sev]al civilian gue/s :o 7 to collaborate 9 v>i\s aspects ( ! rese>*4 ,among !m 0 ,almiro ,b>auna1 a pr(essional photograph]4 ,aft] sev]al days at ! isl&1 ! %ip prep>$ to leave = ! return trip to ,rio on ,janu>y #af4 ,%ortly aft] noon ,b>auna 0 on deck ) 8 cam]a1 wait+ to film ! dep>ture4 ,! sky 0 ?9ly ov]ca/1 ! sea 0 r\gh1 & waves da%+ aga9/ ! %ip & ! rocky %ore creat$ a noisy backgr\nd4 ,accord+ to ! news acc\nts pr9t$ sev]al weeks lat]1 ,capta9 ,viegas1 ( ! ,brazilian ,air ,=ce1 sudd5ly %\t$ 8,olha o disco6 ,fly+ sauc]60 ,he>+ ! %\t1 ,b>auna pe]$ at ! sky & saw a lum9\s oval object mov+ swiftly t[>d ! isl&4 ,(fic]s & crewm5 on deck also obs]v$ ! ,,ufo1 he said1 & int]f]$ ) 8 aim z !y ran ab\t excit$ly4 ,nev]!less he manag$ to take six %ots ( ! ,,ufo z x approa*$ ! isl&1 disappe>$ beh9d a m\nta9 peak1 rev]s$ direction & reappe>$ at a l[] altitude1 retrac$ its c\rse1 & vani%$ ) incr$ible spe$ aga9/ ! horizon4 ,! unkn[n _h arriv$ & dep>t$ 9 a p]iod ( ab\t tw5ty seconds4 ,accord+ to ! news /ories1 ! photograph] _h retir$ to ! %ip's d>kroom "u ! sup]vision ( an (fic] to develop ! negative1 & f\nd t f\r ( ! six exposures %[$ ! my/]i\s object4 ,he 0 n able to make pr9ts1 he said1 because ! d>kroom supplies un=tunately did n include any photographic pap]4 ,h[ev]1 he did exhibit ! negative1 & ! (fic]s & crewm5 :o exam9$ x alleg$ly agre$ t x %[$ ! same ,saturn-l ,,ufo t _h fl[n ov] ! isl&4 ,aft] ! return to ,rio he made pr9ts & enl>gem5ts & turn$ !m ov]1 toge!r ) ! negative1 to ! ,brazilian ,navy4 ,! "q ( au!nticity arose imm$iately4 ,call$ d[n to ,intellig5ce headqu>t]s = an int]view1 ,b>auna und]w5t a f\r-h\r int]rogation conc]n+ ! pictures4 ,dur+ ! que/ion+ he 0 ask$1 8,if y 7 go+ to make a fly+ sauc] appe> on a negative1 h[ w\ld y proce$80 ,he repli$1 z he lat] told a report]1 8,com&ante1 ,i am an able photograph]1 specializ$ 9 trick photography1 b ,i c\ld n produce "o t w\ld )/& close & accurate exam9ation40,x-#ah ,9 spite ( ?is mode/ disclaim]1 "s ( ! photographic evid5ce cle>ly sugge/$ fraud1 & a /rong diff]5ce ( op9ion develop$ among gov]nm5t (ficials4 ,"s accept$ ! pictures z a g5u9e record ( a fly+ sauc]2 o!rs pron\nc$ !m fakes4 ,= sev]al weeks ! incid5t 0 kept secret1 b :5 ev5tually someone took ! pr9ts to ! ,presid5t ( ,brazil1 fur!r concealm5t became impossible4 ,yield+ to ! p]suasion ( c]ta9 milit>y advis]s & newsm51 & aga9/ ! advice ( ! ,naval ,m9i/ry1 he releas$ ! pictures to ! press4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,v a4 ,p9*$ lightn+1 ,augu/ #aifa4 ,?is is believ$ to be ! fir/ photograph ( a p9*$ lightn+ dis*>ge4 7,,*ap4 ,,ix7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,v b4 ,ball lightn+1 ,l9coln1 ,nebraska1 ,augu/ #cj1 #aicj4 7,,*ap4 ,,ix7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vi a4 ,tr9dade ,isl& ,,ufo1 ,janu>y #aieh4 7,,*ap4 ,x7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vi b4 ,taorm9a1 ,sicily1 ,u,f,os1 #aied4 7,,*ap4 ,x7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vii a4 ,,ufo at ,b\ld]1 ,colorado1 ,febru>y #f1 #aiei4 7,,*ap4 ,,xii7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,vii b4 ,,ufo ov] ,norway1 ,july #bd1 #aieg4 7,,*ap4 ,,xii7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,viii a4 ,images produc$ by l5s defects1 ,hamilton1 ,ohio1 /eel plant4 7,,*ap4 ,,xi7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate ,,viii b4 ,gho/ images produc$ by int]nal reflections 9 l5s sy/em4 7,,*ap4 ,,xii7 ,! ,brazilian ,naval ,m9i/ry ,! photographs 7 publi%$ on ,febru>y #ba1 five weeks aft] !y 7 tak54 ,s9ce ! ,presid5t _h app>5tly accept$ !m at face value1 ! ,naval ,m9i/ry 0 obvi\sly 9 a difficult position2 ?r\gh an un(ficial spokesman x issu$ a /atem5t notable = its lack ( en?usiasm3 8,on ! morn+ ( ,janu>y #af1 #aieh1 ov] ! isl& ( ,tr9dade1 ! crew ( ! s*ool %ip ,almirante ,saldanha sight$ an unid5tifi$ a]ial object = a few seconds4 ,a civilian :o 0 abo>d ! %ip took "s pictures ( ! object4 ,! ,navy has no connection ) ! case1 & its only connection ) ! occurr5ce 0 ! fact t ! photograph] 0 abo>d ! s*ool %ip1 & came back ) ! %ip to ,rio40,x-#bj ,on ! same day ano!r ,navy spokesman releas$ a simil> un(ficial /atem5t to ,o ,globo3 8,! news ab\t a fly+ sauc] sight$ ov] ! ,isl& ( ,tr9dade 0 receiv$ "h ) utmo/ res]ve4 ,!re w be an inve/igation to v]ify ! au!nticity ( ! sight+s & photos4 ,no (fic] or sailor f ! ,n4,e4 ,almirante ,saldanha witness$ ! ev5t40,x-#bj ,imm$iately an int]national furor broke out4 ,7 ^! pictures inde$ pro( ( extrat]re/rial space%ips1 or 7 !y a hoax1 ) ! ,brazilian ,presid5t & ! ,brazilian ,navy z victims8 ,:o 7 ! witnesses1 & exactly :at did !y report8 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 high (ficials ask$ = copies ( ! pictures4 ,an editor ( ,look magaz9e ask$ ,dr4 ,m5zel to fly to ,brazil to evaluate ! evid5ce1 b lat] cancel$ ! plan :5 ! ,rio (fice advis$ t ! photographs 7 g5]ally consid]$ fraudul5t4 ,public excitem5t 9 ,brazil became s great t on ,febru>y #bc ! ,naval ,m9i/ry releas$ an (ficial /atem5t1 di/+ui%$ by its air ( caution1 :i* conclud$3 8,cle>ly ?is ,m9i/ry w n be able to make any pron\ncem5t conc]n+ ! reality ( ! object se5 because ! photographs d n con/itute suffici5t pro( = ?is purpose40,x-#ah ,! day aft] ! pictures 7 publi%$ ! ,almirante ,saldanha1 :i* _h be5 ly+ outside ! h>bor at ,rio1 receiv$ ord]s to sail4 ,n until ,febru>y #bd1 :5 ! %ip dock$ at ,santos1 did newsm5 h a *ance to int]view ! (fic]s & crewm5 :o alleg$ly _h obs]v$ ! ,tr9dade sauc] & c\ld support ,b>auna's /ory4 ,none ( !m1 x turn$ out1 _h actually se5 ! object4 ,! ,assi/ant ,naval ,atta* ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :o 0 !n 9 ,santos 9 connection ) ! visit ( ! ,u4 ,s4 ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] ,we/w9d1 visit$ ! ,brazilian %ip to collect in=mation ab\t ! ,tr9dade sauc]1 b ) little success4 ,! comm&+ (fic] /at$ t he _h n se5 ! alleg$ ,,ufo2 he _h se5 ! pictures b refus$ to express an op9ion on _! au!nticity2 he /at$ t 8 secret>y might h se5 ! ,,ufo b ! secret>y1 :5 que/ion$1 pref]r$ n to discuss ! matt]4 ,! executive (fic] said t he _h n be5 on deck at ! "t ( ! sight+1 b t o!r p]sons might h se5 ! object4 ,dur+ ! next week argum5ts = & aga9/ ! au!nticity ( ! photographs fill$ ! ,brazilian pap]s1 & ,o ,globo publi%$ delib]ately fak$ views ( a 8fly+ sauc]0--a *9a plate toss$ into ! air4 ,a f$]al deputy 9 an (ficial note to ! ,naval ,m9i/ry deplor$ _! amaz+ failure to procure sworn /atem5ts f ! (fic]s & crewm5 :o 7 report$ to h witness$ ! ,,ufo4 ,9 spite ( ! widespread & increas+ skepticism1 ! weekly magaz9e ,o ,cruzeiro us$ ! ,tr9dade pictures = its lead /ory 9 ! issue ( ,m>* #h4 8,once bitt51 twice %y0 app>5tly did n apply to its editors1 :o seem$ in/ead to adopt ! pr9ciple1 8,9 = a p5ny1 9 = a p\nd40 ,! photographs1 !y rem>k$ editorially1 n only prov$ ! exi/5ce ( fly+ sauc]s1 !y also e/abli%$ ! au!nticity ( ! ,ilha dos ,amores pictures publi%$ sev]al ye>s e>li]4 ,z ?\gh to emphasize ?is po9t1 ! magaz9e assign$ ! ,tr9dade /ory & ! int]views ) witnesses to ! same /aff report] :o _h describ$ ! ,ilha dos ,amores sauc] 9 #aieb4 ,! ,naval ,m9i/ry refra9$ f fur!r comm5t &1 s9ce ! milit>y au?orities %[$ no al>m ab\t ! possibility ( extrat]re/rial patrols1 public int]e/ 9 ! pictures quickly di$4 ,! report s5t home by ! ,u4 ,s4 ,naval ,atta* includ$ ! comm5t3 8,!re appe> to be only two explanations = ?is peculi> incid5t1 & ! peculi> h&l+ ( x by ! ,brazilian ,gov]nm5t3 7a7 ,"s ov]:elm+ p[] has told ! ,brazilian ,navy n to v]ify ?is incid5t (ficially 7:i* !y %\ld easily be able to d1 if x actually occurr$7 or to d5y x 7:i* !y %\ld easily be able to d if x is a fake74 ,i p]sonally d n believe t anyone has told ! ,brazilian ,navy to keep quiet ab\t x because !re has be5 no h9t ( su* suppression 9 ei!r ,brazilian or ,unit$ ,/ates circles4 ,i also d\bt t _! control ( ! individual (fic]s & m5 w\ld be good en\gh to hold ! l9e 9 any ev5t4 7b7 ,! :ole ?+ is a fake publicity /unt4444 ,?is seems m likely44440,x-#ah ,! ,ic>ai ,subm>9e ,hunt+ ,club ,! acc\nts orig9ally pr9t$ 9 ! ,brazilian pap]s & 9 ,o ,cruzeiro conta9 a numb] ( significant details t h be5 gloss$ ov] or ignor$ by ,,ufo en?usia/s1 bo? 9 ,brazil,x-#ai & 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates,x-#ba1 :o app>5tly accept ! ,tr9dade sauc] at face value4 ,a /udy ( ! available news /ories1 facts ga!r$ by ,intellig5ce (fic]s1 & ( ! photographs !mselves leads inescapably to ! conclusion t ! ,tr9dade ,isl& photographs 7 almo/ c]ta9ly a hoax4 ,almiro ,b>auna 0 a free-lance photograph]4 ,a pr(essional ( unusual skill1 he _h long be5 int]e/$ 9 fly+ sauc]s &1 "s "t be=e ! ,tr9dade incid5t1 he _h publi%$ a purposely humor\s magaz9e article entitl$ 8,a ,fly+ ,sauc] ,hunt$ ,me at ,home0 & illu/rat$ by admitt$ly fak$ photographs4 ,he _h also publi%$ trick photographs ( 8treasure *e/s0 ly+ on ! ocean bottom4 ,9 addition1 ,b>auna specializ$ 9 und]wat] photography & 0 a memb] ( ! ,ic>ai ,subm>9e ,hunt+ ,club1 a gr\p int]e/$ 9 sk9 div+ & ! /udy ( life on ! ocean floor4 ,:5 ! ,almirante ,saldanha left ,rio = its hi/oric ,janu>y visit to ,tr9dade ,isl&1 ! %ip _h on bo>d1 z gue/s ( ! ,navy1 five memb]s ( ! ,ic>ai ,club4 ,among ! five1 9 addition to ,b>auna1 7 ,amil> ,vieira ,filho1 capta9 ( ! gr\p1 & ,jos ,teobaldo ,viegas1 a retir$ capta9 9 ! ,brazilian ,air ,=ce,x-#bb4 ,on ,janu>y #af :5 ! %ip 0 gett+ ready to leave ,tr9dade1 ^! ?ree fri5ds 7 on deck1 ,b>auna ) 8 load$ ,rolleiflex cam]a1 ! o!r two /&+ "s di/ance away4 ,sudd5ly ,vieira rem>k$ on a big sea gull 9 ! sky4 ,look+ up1 ,viegas imm$iately %\t$1 8,fly+ sauc]60 & ,b>auna snapp$ 8 pictures4 ,no o!r eyewitnesses h be5 f\nd1 ev5 ?\gh ! deck 0 cr[d$ ) sailors4 ,! %ip's d5ti/ has be5 li/$ z a witness 79 "o docum5t he appe>s z two p]sons1 "u two diff]5t v]sions ( 8 "n7 b no newspap] yet exam9$ m5tions 8 /ory4 ,capta9 ,bacell>1 return+ f 8 po/ z comm&] ( ! ,tr9dade /ation1 has also be5 li/$ z a witness b1 accord+ to 8 /atem5t1 he 0 n on deck :5 ! incid5t occurr$4 ,vieira1 ! fir/ man to sight ! object1 _h call$ x 8a big sea gull40 ,:5 int]view$ five weeks lat]1 9 ! mid/ ( ! sauc] excitem5t1 he _h *ang$ 8 m9d ab\t its be+ a sea gull1 b he 0 no long] c]ta9 j :at he _h se54 ,he /at$ t ! unkn[n _h be5 9 view = tw5ty seconds at mo/1 & _h disappe>$ too quickly = him to note any details2 x 0 simply an oval gray object t seem$ to fla% briefly be=e x vani%$4 ,he did n m5tion ! ,saturn-l b&s ar\nd ! middle t are a conspicu\s feature ( ! photograph4 ,! ,tr9dade ,photographs ,acc\nts ( ! ,tr9dade affair (t5 rem>k t ! photographs mu/ be g5u9e because no opportunity = fraud occurr$4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re 7 ample & repeat$ opportunities4 ,s9ce ,b>auna 0 n "u obs]vation :5 he load$ 8 cam]a1 he c\ld easily h ins]t$ a prep>$ film1 ) no "o ! wis]4 ,) ! type ( cam]a us$1 ! op]ation w\ld h be5 simple4 ,he 0 aga9 free f obs]vation :5 he develop$ ! negatives4 ,capta9 ,bacell> escort$ him to ! door ( ! d>kroom b rema9$ outside1 on gu>d at ! door4 ,! only p]son to accompany ,b>auna inside 7to help by hold+ a fla%light7 0 8 fri5d ,viegas--! same man :o _h cri$ 8,fly+ sauc]60 ,:5 ,b>auna em]g$ ) ! dripp+ film1 ,bacell> exam9$ x b :at he expect$ to f9d is a "q1 s9ce he _h n obs]v$ ! ,,ufo4 ,! witnesses alleg$ly agre$1 h[ev]1 t ! negatives %[$ ! object !y _h se5 9 ! sky--an amaz+ feat :5 we rememb] t ! ,rolleiflex film frame is small1 only ab\t #b4be in*es squ>e4 ,9 ! pr9t ( ,frame #c %[n 9 ,o ,cruzeiro,x-#bb1 ! ,,ufo is slightly m ?an in* long & less ?an in* ?ick4 ,assum+ an enl>gem5t factor ( a little m ?an ?ree1 we f9d t ! ,,ufo on ! negative w\ld h appe>$ m]ely z a pale blur ab\t #a_/af ( an in* 9 l5g? & no ?ick] ?an a p5cil l9e4 ,miracul\s eyesight w\ld h be5 requir$ to di/+ui% a 8,saturn-l0 or any o!r %ape4 ,! ,navy's (fic]s on bo>d %[$ a/oni%+ly little int]e/ 9 ! film & did no?+ to prev5t ! possibility ( fraud4 ,all dur+ ! homew>d trip ! photograph] _h bo? ! cam]a & ! negative 9 8 own possession4 ,:5 ! %ip /opp$ at ,santos1 he & 8 fell[ club memb]s 7 all[$ to deb>k 7) cam]a & negative71 & !y complet$ ! j\rney to ,rio by bus4 ,! %ip _h be5 an*or$ at ,rio = two days be=e ,capta9 ,bacell>1 ( ! ,tr9dade /ation1 f9ally call$ on ,b>auna & ask$ to see ! pr9ts s t he c\ld %[ !m to ! ,navy4 ,?us ! photograph] _h be5 free ( sup]vision = days4 ,9 t "t he c\ld h produc$ pictures ( little m5 f ,m>s1 if he _h want$ to4 ,! pictures !mselves raise _m que/ions4 ,! ?ree witnesses _h emphasiz$ ! brilliance ( ! ,,ufo1 yet ! pr9ts %[ m]ely a gray %ape ) no sugge/ion ( lum9osity4 ,b>auna _h us$ a ,rolleiflex cam]a1 #b4h ,model ,e1 f_/#h l5s1 set at #abe4 ,f9d+ t he _h ov]expos$ ! film1 he said1 he _h treat$ ! negative ) silv] salts aft] developm5t 9 ord] to increase ! contra/4 7,dur+ ?is proc$ure he 01 aga91 )\t (ficial sup]vision47 ,! pr9ts us$ 9 ,o ,cruzeiro h obvi\sly be5 cropp$ s9ce1 unlike ! film frames1 !y are n squ>e4 ,frame #a %[s ! ,,ufo above ! sea1 "s di/ance f ! isl&2 ,frame #b %[s ! ,,ufo above rocky crags1 at ! "r ( a peak4 ,frame #c %[s x at ! "r ( ! peak b at l[] altitude4 ,frames #d & #e1 n reproduc$1 did n %[ ! object1 & 9 ,frame #f ! ,,ufo is a m]e speck l[ on ! horizon4 ,frame #c1 ! only "o %[+ ! ,saturn-l %ape1 des]ves special att5tion4 ,9 ! publi%$ pr9t ! m\nta9s 9 ! =egr\nd are q cle>1 :ile ! ,,ufo is little m ?an a d>k l9e ) an indi/9ct beg9n+ & end1 ) a fa9t sugge/ion ( r\nd+ at top & bottom2 )\t ! d>k l9e ! curves w\ld sc>cely be visible1 s completely does ! object m]ge into ! backgr\nd ( ov]ca/ sky4 ,! picture widely di/ribut$ by news ag5cies is a fur!r enl>gem5t ( ! section conta9+ ! ,,ufo4 ,9 ! enl>g$ section1 ! =egr\nd rocks are a m]e black blur1 b ! ,,ufo has ga9$ greatly 9 cl>ity4 ,! c5tral b& is d>k]1 p>ticul>ly at ! left1 & ! outl9es ( ! object are no long] vague4 ,! ,navy's /udy ( ! negatives reveal$ sev]al dubi\s features4 ,! details ( ! l& 9 ! =egr\nd 7 v %>p b ! ,,ufo disk 0 hazy1 %[$ little contra/1 & 0 ess5tially )\t %ad[s4 ,! object 9 ,frame #b seem$ to h be5 inv]t$1 z comp>$ ) ,frames #a & #c4 ,f ! report$ high velocity ( ! sauc] & ! fa/ %utt] spe$1 "s lat]al haz9ess might h be5 expect$1 b no su* blurr+ appe>$4 ,exactly :5 & h[ ! fraudul5t images 7 produc$--if !y 7 fraudul5t--_c be kn[n4 ,exp]i5c$ photograph]s c easily ?9k ( a doz5 possible devices4 ,! probability t !y 7 fak$ is ov]:elm+ &1 b = ! emb>rass+ fact t ! ,brazilian ,presid5t _h seem$ to sponsor !m publicly1 ! ,naval ,m9i/ry w\ld und\bt$ly h expos$ ! entire hoax4 ,9 summ>y1 ! facts are ^!3 ,! man :o made ! ,tr9dade pictures _h no connection ) ! ,brazilian ,navy2 he 0 a pr(essional photograph] not$ p>ticul>ly z an exp]t at trick photography4 ,no (fic] or crewman ( ! ,brazilian ,navy report$ see+ ! ,,ufo2 9 addition to ! photograph]1 only two p]sons are on record z actual eyewitnesses2 bo? ( !m 7 p]sonal fri5ds ( ! photograph]2 nei!r ( !m _h any connection ) ! ,brazilian ,navy4 ,! photograph] _h ample "t & _m opportunities to fake ! pictures4 ,a ,rolleiflex cam]a c easily be us$ = d\ble exposures4 ,a s]ies ( pictures ( a model sauc] aga9/ a d>k backgr\nd c\ld be r]oll$ & expos$ a second "t to provide ! backgr\nd1 an old & well-kn[n photographic trick4 ,! pictures !mselves %[ int]nal inconsi/5cies4 ,! ,brazilian ,naval ,m9i/ry nev] accept$ ! pictures z au!ntic records ( a fly+ sauc]4,c ,c ,dur+ a visit to ,rio de ,janeiro 9 ,febru>y #aifc1 ,dr4 ,m5zel discuss$ ?is case ) "s ( ,brazil's lead+ a/ronom]s2 !y concurr$ 9 ! view t ! ,tr9dade sauc] 0 a hoax4 ,! f9al p>agraph f a ,unit$ ,/ates ,intellig5ce report provides p]haps ! mo/ appropriate comm5t on ! affair3 8,x is ! report+ (fic]'s private op9ion t a fly+ sauc] sight+ w\ld be unlikely at ! v b>r5 isl& ( ,tr9dade1 s9ce ev]yone kn[s t ,m>tians are extremely com=t-lov+ creatures40 ,project ,ozma ,a/ronom]s h f\nd no evid5ce sugge/+ t intellig5t life exi/s on any ( e>?'s si/] planets4 ,mo/ sci5ti/s w\ld agree1 h[ev]1 t life ( "s k9d probably does exi/ 9 o!r p>ts ( our galaxy & 9 o!r galaxies4 ,ev5 if ?is probability 7 c]ta9ty & space travel 7 possible ov] ! va/ di/ances we measure 9 light ye>s1 ! *ance t e>?man & ali5 w ev] e/abli% physical contact rema9s inf9itesimally small4 ,an explor] 7:e!r f e>? or f a planet ( ano!r sun7 w\ld h to beg9 by locat+1 among ! millions ( />s 9 ! heav5s1 a p>ticul> /> t _h a family ( life-be>+ planets4 ,if he 7 able to id5tify "o ( ^! ne$les 9 ! cosmic hay/ack1 he w\ld next h to f9d out :i* ( ! planets support$ liv+1 intellig5t organisms4 ,if he c\ld f9d ! planet & set d[n 8 space%ip1 ! explor] w\ld !n h to try to id5tify & to communicate ) creatures t might be unimag9ably /range--s /range t he w\ld n recognize !m z ei!r liv+ or intellig5t4 ,at pres5t1 only light waves & radio waves c bridge ! imm5sities ( space4 ,physical travel to o!r /> sy/ems is n n[ & may nev] be possible4 ,nev]!less1 m5 are mak+ attempts to f9d out :e!r o!r intellig5t be+s d exi/ outside ! sol> sy/em &1 if s1 :]e4 ,! e>lie/ ef=t1 kn[n z ,project ,ozma1 />t$ a few ye>s ago at ! ,national ,radio ,a/ronomy ,obs]vatory at ,gre5 ,bank1 ,we/ ,virg9ia4 ,z ! fir/ /ep 9 a sy/ematic se>*1 ! a/ronom]s began to li/5 = possible radio signals f ! neighborhood ( c]ta9 />s4 ,tau ,ceti1 ,epsilon ,eridani1 & #fa ,cygni 7 *os5 z ! fir/ t>gets because !y lie )9 range ( our radio telescopes--t5 to elev5 light ye>s di/ant--& because !y resemble our own sun 9 age & type & !re=e might h planet>y sy/ems n unlike our own4 ,s f>1 ! radio telescopes h detect$ no ph5om5a t might be int]pret$ z artificial signals4 ,! problems involv$ are incr$ibly difficult4 ,a backgr\nd ( radio noise--8swi%es10 8:i/les10 8tweeks0--comes 9 con/antly f ! univ]se at l>ge4 ,delib]ate signals1 if !y occurr$1 w\ld be h>d to di/+ui% f ! r&om noise4 ,ev5 if signals came 9 & 7 detect$1 !y might /ill be indeciph]able j z ! writt5 records ( "s e>ly civilizations on our own planet rema9 a my/]y4 ,egyptian hi]oglyphs 7 mean+less pictures = mill5nia until ! ,rosetta /one provid$ ! key1 less ?an #bjj ye>s ago4 ,! _m pages ( text & pictures left by ! ,mayan ,indians _c yet be read1 except = "s dates & a few a/ronomical symbols4 ,hundr$s ( inscriptions exi/ 9 ! ,etruscan language1 writt5 9 an alphabet t resembles ! famili> ,greek1 b s*ol>s h deciph]$ only a few words4 ,if we are n able to int]pret ! records devis$ & set d[n by human be+s l ourselves1 we w n easily und]/& signals t might possibly be broadca/ by ali5s f ! planets ( o!r suns4 ,x-#a ,wi5]1 ,j4 ,s4 ,! ,piltd[n ,=g]y4 ,london3 ,ox=d ,univ4 ,press1 #aiee4 ,x-#b ,mac,dougall1 ,c4 ,d4 ,hoaxes4 ,new ,york3 ,ace ,books1 #aieh4 ,x-#c ,fry1 ,d4 ,w4 ,! ,:ite ,s&s ,incid5t4 ,los ,angeles3 ,new ,age ,publ4 ,co41 #aied4 ,x-#d ,r$ondo ,bea* 7,calif47 ,daily ,breeze1 ,septemb] #be1 #aiec4 ,x-#e ,be?urum1 ,t4 ,abo>d a ,fly+ ,sauc]4 ,los ,angeles3 ,de ,vorss ,co41 #aied4 ,x-#f ,van ,tassel1 ,g4 ,w4 ,i ,rode a ,fly+ ,sauc]4 ,los ,angeles3 ,new ,age ,publ4 ,co41 #aieb4 ,x-#g ,cahn1 ,j4 ,p4 8,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,my/]i\s ,little ,m510 ,true magaz9e 7,septemb] #aieb74 ,x-#h ,m5g]1 ,h4 ,f ,out] ,space ,to ,y4 ,cl>ksburg1 ,we/ ,virg9ia3 ,sauc]ian ,publications1 #aiei4 ,x-#i ,pet]bor\gh 7,n4,h47 ,transcript1 ,oct4 #cj1 #aieh4 ,x-#aj ,leslie1 ,d41 & ,adamski1 ,g4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s ,h ,l&$4 ,new ,york3 ,briti% ,book ,c5tre1 #aiec4 ,x-#aa ,adamski1 ,g4 ,inside ! ,space ,%ips4 ,abel>d-,s*uman1 #aiee4 ,x-#ab ---- ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 ,f>ewell4 ,abel>d-,s*uman1 #aifa4 ,x-#ac ,,ufo ,inve/igator 7,june #aiei74 ,x-#ad ,mi*el1 ,a4 ,! ,tru? ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,crit]ion ,books1 #aief4 ,x-#ae 8,h ,we ,visitors f ,out] ,space80 ,life magaz9e 7,april #d1 #aieb74 ,x-#af ,rio de ,janeiro3 ,o ,cruzeiro1 ,may #ag1 #aieb4 ,x-#ag ,civilian ,sauc] ,inve/igations ,qu>t]ly ,bullet9 7,septemb] #aieb74 ,x-#ah ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,x-#ai ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet9 7,m>*-,april #aieh74 ,x-#bj ,fontes1 ,o4 ,t4 8,! ,brazilian ,navy ,,ufo ,sight+ at ! ,isl& ( ,tr9dade10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,febru>y #aifa71 p4 #bg ff4 ,x-#ba ,maney1 ,c4 ,a41 & ,hall1 ,r4 ,! ,*all5ge ( ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 #aifa4 ,x-#bb ,rio de ,janeiro3 ,o ,cruzeiro1 ,m>* #h1 #aieh4 ,*apt] ,,xi ,,angel ,,hair1 ,,pancakes1 ,,etc4 ,if ?\s&s ( aircraft f o!r planets h inde$ be5 patroll+ ! e>? = _m ye>s 7accord+ to "s au?ors1 = c5turies71 !y h a*iev$ an incr$ibly p]fect safety record4 ,disabl$ or wreck$ fly+ sauc]s h occasionally be5 report$1 b ! debris & bodies to be expect$ f su* incid5ts h nev] be5 locat$4 ,a 8mummifi$ man10 sometimes ref]r$ to z pro( ( su* a cata/rophe1 may be se5 at ,casp>1 ,wyom+4 ,f\nd 9 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s 9 ! autumn ( #aicb1 ?is little creature measures #f in*es high 9 a sitt+ position & weighs ?ree-qu>t]s ( a p\nd4 ,paleontologi/s recognize x z ,hesp]opi!cus1 an an?ropoid d5iz5 ( e>? dur+ ! ,plioc5e p]iod4 ,! mummifi$ body ( ano!r su* creature1 suppos$ly f\nd 9 ,arizona1 has also be5 call$ ! rema9s ( 8a little gre5 man40,,xi-#a ,9 #aieb f\r space%ips 7 suppos$ to h cra%$ 9 ! des]ts ( ,new ,mexico & ,arizona1 c>ry+ ! bodies ( ?irty-f\r 8little m50,,xi-#b1 b ! only evid5ce (f]$ = ?is disa/] 0 a *unk ( 8unkn[n metal0 t prov$ to be ord9>y alum9um1 & ! entire drama 0 %[n to be ! "w ( a kn[n hoax],,xi-#c4 ,al?\gh a few fly+-sauc] organizations reg>d su* 8humanoid0 evid5ce ) "s d\bt1 o!rs1 su* z ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,rese>* ,organization 7,,apro7 are less skeptical ( ! reality ( 8little m540,,xi-#d ,,ufo publications h report$ ! f9d+ ( v>i\s sub/ances alleg$ to h be5 produc$ by ,u,f,os4 ,! (fices ( ,air ,=ce inve/igators at ,dayton h\se a small museum ( su* 8pieces ( sauc]s0--old batt]ies1 meteorites1 p>ts ( primitive radios1 rocks1 corrod$ lead pipe1 tangles ( wire1 /rips ( t9 foil4 ,al?\gh a few ( ^! specim5s h be5 s5t 9 by optimi/ic hoax]s1 mo/ ( !m h be5 submitt$ by g5u9ely puzzl$ citiz5s4 ,:5 analysis %[s ! normal orig9 ( su* an object1 ! f9d] usually accepts ! v]dict calmly1 :e!r he is disappo9t$ or reliev$1 b occasionally he rejects ! id5tification & indignantly accuses ! ,air ,=ce ( !ft1 sub/itution1 or pla9 ly+ to suppress ! 8tru?40 ,nev]!less1 n a s+le fragm5t /udi$ s f>--animal1 vegetable1 or m9]al--%[s any evid5ce t x grew or 0 con/ruct$ on an ali5 _w4 ,angel ,hair & ,spid]s ,"s c5turies ago ! primitive inhabitants ( ! ,hawaiian ,isl&s1 obs]v+ ! fea!ry1 hairlike ?reads ( volcanic glass left on ! gr\nd f anci5t eruptions1 acc\nt$ = ! sub/ance by ! leg5d t ! goddess ,pelee _h once /opp$ some:]e 9 ! neighborhood to comb h] hair4 8,angel hair10 a t]m 9 ,,ufo p>lance us$ to describe any unfamili> fib]s1 /r&s1 ?reads1 liquids1 granules1 & p[d]s f\nd on ! e>? & suppos$ly deposit$ f fly+ sauc]s1 (f]s an int]e/+ analogy4 ,fils de la ,vi]ge--! hair ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y--is ! usual ,fr5* phrase = gossam] or cobwebs1 ^: orig9 0 long a my/]y4 ,simil>ly ! ,engli% 8gossam]0 commonly means cobwebs4 ,accord+ to "o s\rce1 ! ^w may be d]iv$ f gaze ,m>ie--! gauze ( ,m>y4 ,accord+ to leg5d1 cobwebs 7 =m$ f ?reads t fell f ! %r\d ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y on h] ,assumption4 ,,ufo en?usia/s 9 ,france began to use fils de la ,vi]ge 9 #aieb1 to describe ! cobwebby mat]ial t alleg$ly fell f fly+ sauc]s4 ,translators ( ! ,fr5* ,,ufo publications1 in/ead ( us+ ! ,engli% equival5t 8gossam]0 or 8cobwebs10 *ose to create ! new t]m 8angel hair0 :i*1 unlike ! ,fr5*1 implies an entirely /range sub/ance1 "o t has no app>5t connection ) su* ord9>y e>?ly ph5om5a z spid]s4 ,two rem>kable falls ( angel hair 7 report$ 9 ,france on ,octob] #ag & #bg1 #aieb4 ,9 bo? incid5ts1 witnesses obs]v$ 9 ! sky a /rangely %ap$1 cottony cl\d at a height ( sev]al ?\s& feet4 ,above x 0 a long1 n>r[1 cyl9drical object trail$ by a :ite plume1 mov+ sl[ly across ! sky & accompani$ by tw5ty or ?irty small] objects t look$ l puffs ( smoke4 ,foll[+ a brok5 pa?1 !y made rapid zigzag motions1 & left a broad ribbon ( :ite sub/ance t sl[ly drift$ to ! gr\nd & clung to trees1 telephone wires1 & ro(s ( h\ses4 ,^! masses ( :ite ?reads 7 describ$ z l wool1 nylon1 or ,fib]glas4 ,:5 roll$ into a ball !y became gelat9\s & disappe>$ )9 a few h\rs2 set on fire1 !y burn$ l cellophane4 ,"o witness 0 able to dis5tangle a s+le /r& m ?an t5 y>ds long4 ,none ( ! mat]ial1 un=tunately1 0 pres]v$ = /udy4 ,/ud5ts ( ,u,f,os pond]$ ! unusual ph5om5on3 8,if ! obs]v]s really did see :at !y describ$1 & if all ^! objects 7 ma*9es guid$ by a s+le intellig5ce1 !n :at my/]i\s exp]im5t 7 !y p]=m+8 ,:at purpose 0 s]v$ by ! /range ballet ( pair$ sauc]s8 ,:at 0 ! mean+ ( ! :iti% /reak appe>+ betwe5 two sauc]s on sep>ation8 ,:at1 f9ally1 0 ! #8angel's hair' t sublim$ s readily 9 ! air80,,xi-#e1 p4 #aej ,,ufo en?usia/s h sugge/$ v>i\s !ories ( ! nature & orig9 ( ! my/]i\s sub/ance4 ,accord+ to "o hypo!sis,,xi-#e1 p4 #adi1 angel hair might be produc$ 9 ! wake ( a spacecraft mov+ 9 a =ce field2 ionization ( ! atmosph]e w\ld produce ultraheavy p>ticles :i* w\ld react ) ord9>y air to =m a k9d ( precipitate-angel hair--:i* w\ld dis9tegrate z ionization decreas$ 7see ,*apt] ,,ix74 ,ano!r !ory sugge/s t angel hair might be a *a9 polym] ( cellulose conta9+ radioactive c>bon #ad 7! c>bon #ad be+ produc$ by ! action ( cosmic rays on atoms ( nitrog5 9 ! atmosph]e71 hydrog51 & oxyg5 f moi/ure 9 ! air1 ! ?ree elem5ts comb9+ "u ! action ( ultraheavy p>ticles produc$ by ionization,,xi-#f4 ,?is !ory ov]looks ! fact t cellulose is n =m$ f a comb9ation ( c>bon dioxide1 oxyg51 & hydrog5 9 air4 ,r1 x is made by liv+ organisms 9 a s]ies ( complicat$ enzymic reactions4 ,ev5 if cellulose c\ld be made by ! hypo!tical reaction sugge/$1 x w\ld conta9 no m c>bon #ad ?an does ! ord9>y c>bon dioxide 9 ! air4 ,to ,fr5* entomologi/s1 ! angel hair se5 9 ,octob] #aieb1 0 no my/]y at all4 ,! objects danc+ ! /range ballet 7 n space%ips1 b spid]s4 ,f> f p]=m+ a my/]i\s exp]im5t1 !y 7 m]ely c>ry+ out ! well-e/abli%$ r\t9e ( migration4 ,ea* ye> ! "y spid]s ( mo/ species leave ! ne/s ( _! infancy & prep>e to e/abli% _! own homes4 ,crawl+ by ! hundr$s or ! ?\s&s to ! tops ( f5ce po/s1 walls1 or trees1 !y sp9 long silk5 webs :i*1 inflat$ by ! air1 c>ry ! t9y emigrants up f ! gr\nd4 ,^! gossam] p>a*utes drift up & along on ris+ air curr5ts1 sometimes to great heights2 !y may so> = a few y>ds or = _m miles ov] hills & valleys4 ,^! migrat+ ballooni/s h be5 obs]v$ z high z #ad1jjj feet1 & at sea #bjj miles f any l&4 ,ev5tually drift+ back to e>?1 ! spid]s deta* ! n[ useless p>a*utes & move (f to build new ne/s = ! com+ ye>1 :ile ! ab&on$ gossam] may pile up 9 great masses on trees1 f5ces1 telephone wires1 & gr\nd1 to decay & vani% 9 a matt] ( h\rs4 ,^! gossam] %[]s sometimes include s _m outworn webs t ! filmy blankets ( f9e silk may be sev]al in*es deep & may cov] an entire l&scape l sn[4 ,^! migrations occur 9 spr+ or1 m frequ5tly1 9 autumn--b only :5 ! wea!r is exactly "r4 ,spid]s may sit pati5tly = days1 wait+ = a calm1 cle>1 w9dless day4 ,on su* days ! /eady upw>d curr5ts ( air f ! sun-w>m$ gr\nd c>ry ! spid]s g5tly al(t,,xi-#g4 ,! association ( angel hair ) ,,ufo sight+s is completely natural4 ,! drift+ pat*es ( gossam] reflect ! sun brilliantly4 ,a :ole armada ( sauc]s c appe> ov]head & !n vani% z ! gossam] cascades to e>?4 ,! description ( ! mat]ial & ! date ( ! fall bo? indicate t ! angel hair obs]v$ 9 ,france 9 ,octob] #aieb 0 ( ara*nid orig94 ,ev5 ! wea!r 0 exactly "r--8sup]b1 ) a sky ( cl\dless blue0--= ! migration ( a smo!r ( spid]s4 ,a simil> fall ( angel hair occurr$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates on ,octob] #bb1 #aied1 ne> a s*ool 9 ,m>ysville1 ,ohio4 ,at aft]noon recess ! pupils ( ! ,j]ome ,elem5t>y ,s*ool notic$ a dazzl+ly bright object 9 ! sky4 ,x disappe>$1 & = ! next =ty-five m9utes bo? *ildr5 & tea*]s wat*$ :ite1 cottonlike tufts float+ sl[ly d[n to ! gr\nd4 ,! mat]ial 0 9 long /r&s1 v f9e & s(t1 c\ld be /ret*$ & roll$ into a t9y ball1 b quickly vani%$ to no?+ & left a gre5 /a9 on ! h&s4 ,! /uff clung to grass & c>s1 drap$ ! telephone wires = a di/ance ( ?ree miles1 & 0 l a mi/y canopy ov] ! road,,xi-#f4 ,un=tunately none ( ! mat]ial 0 pres]v$ & no analysis 0 possible4 ,m>ysville is ne> ,columbus1 ,ohio1 an indu/rial c5t]1 & ! /uff might h be5 wa/e products f "o ( ! _m factories4 ,s9ce simil> falls 7 report$ 9 ,indiana dur+ ! same p]iod1 ! sub/ance m probably 0 gossam]4 ,z 9 ! ,fr5* incid5ts1 ! "t 0 late ,octob] & ! wea!r 0 p]fect1 a w>m autumn day ) a sunny1 cl\dless sky4 ,bo? ! "t & ! wea!r 7 ideal = migrat+ spid]s to take to ! air1 float d[n to e>? on _! fluffy p>a*utes1 & !n disc>d ! no long] necess>y fils de la ,vi]ge4 ,_m falls ( angel hair t occur 9 ! w>m days ( ,indian summ] are probably ab&on$ gossam]4 ,x is significant t ( f\rte5 su* incid5ts report$ 9 ,europe & ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 all b ?ree took place 9 ,octob] & ,novemb]1 ! season ( spid] migration,,xi-#f4 ,9 "o ( ! ?ree incid5ts report$ 9 o!r mon?s 7,horseheads1 ,new ,york1 ,febru>y #ba1 #aiee7 ! angel hair 0 id5tifi$ z wa/e products f ! local milk plant4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rec5t reports ( angel hair came f ,sebree1 ,k5tucky1 on ,septemb] #aa1 #aifb1 :5 /ate police & ! local ,civil ,def5se director 7 call$ 9 to inve/igate a /range sub/ance t look$ l spun glass1 :i* _h be5 float+ d[n ne> ! resid5ce ( ,mr4 ,y 9 great quantities = m ?an an h\r4 ,! ,air ,=ce1 :5 call$ = advice1 sugge/$ ?ree possibilities3 ! mat]ial might be *emicals us$ 9 cl\d se$+1 might be refuse f a defective filt] 9 a *emical or indu/rial plant1 or might be gossam] =m$ by migrat+ spid]s4 ,! fir/ two possibilities 7 quickly rul$ out4 ,! witnesses1 :5 reque/ion$1 rememb]$ t !y _h inde$ notic$ spid]s cl++ to sev]al bits ( ! mat]ial !y _h pick$ up4 ,! troop]s' report conclud$1 8,x is ! belief ( ?is unit ! sub/ance obs]v$ 0 gossam] =m$ by huge quantities ( migrat+ spid]s mov+1 :i* is normal = ?is season40 ,! ye>ly migration ( spid]s & sl\gh+ ( gossam] is an e/abli%$ fact4 ,z an explanation ( angel hair x is f> less fanta/ic ?an a /ill-hypo!tical cruis+ space%ip4 ,o!r ,v>ieties ( ,angel ,hair ,sev]al types ( angel hair n ( ara*nid orig9 h be5 report$ 9 indu/rial areas1 p>ticul>ly 9 & ne> cities t h textile factories4 ,:5 ! filt]+ sy/em ( su* a factory fails to "w prop]ly1 l9t & wa/e residues may be ?r[n into ! air to be c>ri$ away by ! w9d & ev5tually deposit$ on ! gr\nd4 ,drift+ fib]s ( nylon1 rayon1 & o!r fabrics c my/ify an obs]v]1 especially if ! residues break & disappe> :5 t\*$4 ,"s cities1 su* z ,c9c9nati1 ma9ta9 an ,air ,pollution ,c5t] to deal ) ! problems result+ f air contam9ation by indu/rial wa/es4 ,sci5ti/s at ?is & o!r c5t]s (t5 collaborate ) ,,atic 9 id5tify+ unkn[n sub/ances report$ 9 connection ) ,u,f,os4 ,late 9 ! aft]noon ( ,septemb] #be1 #aief1 a h\sewife 9 ,c9c9nati notic$ a /range sub/ance float+ d[n into h] y>d1 a :ite1 fibr\s mat]ial t curl$ :5 %e t\*$ x4 ,wond]+ if %e _h f\nd "s angel hair1 %e describ$ ! incid5t to ! editors ( ,orbit1 a sauc] publication2 9 addition1 %e collect$ "s ( ! mat]ial 9 a j> & s5t x to ! ,air ,=ce = analysis,,xi-#h4 ,work+ 9 collaboration ) ! ,air ,pollution ,c5t] at ,c9c9nati1 ,,atic inve/igators subject$ ! mat]ial to *emical & microscopic te/s & id5tifi$ x z wa/e products f fib]s ( cuprammonium 7,bemb]g7 rayon1 f a local indu/rial plant,,xi-#i4 ,! possible v>ieties ( angel hair increase ) ! developm5t ( new te*nologies4 ,dur+ ,m>* & ,april #aiei1 ! ,air ,=ce receiv$ _m reports t fly+ sauc]s 7 cruis+ ov] ! m\nta9s ne> ,coburn1 ,virg9ia1 regul>ly us$ a l&+ /rip on an inaccessible peak ( ,%eep ,rock ,m\nta91 & frequ5tly dropp$ angel hair on ! ne>by c\ntryside4 ,! inve/igat+ (fic] collect$ "s ( ! mat]ial & id5tifi$ x z a type ( 8w9d[10 ! rolls or long /rips ( alum9um foil us$ by ! milit>y 9 ,_w ,w> ,,ii to produce spuri\s rad> e*oes & confuse enemy anti-aircraft fire4 ,! ,coburn angel hair 0 id5tical ) ! foil us$ by ,air ,=ce planes c>ry+ out exp]im5ts 9 ! area4 8,w9d[0 falls v sl[ly2 dropp$ f a height ( #dj1jjj feet1 x may easily be visible = "s "t to gr\nd obs]v]s1 z well z int]f]e ) local rad> reception,,xi-#aj4 ,a simil> angel-hair incid5t 0 report$ on ,novemb] #bc1 #aifj1 :5 _m resid5ts 9 s\!rn ,mi*igan & ! ,midwe/ report$ a my/]i\s1 gl[+ :ite object 9 ! ea/]n sky t 0 dropp+ /range mat]ial to ! e>?4 ,witnesses describ$ ! object v>i\sly z a comet1 a satellite ) a tail1 or a sauc]-%ap$ ,,ufo4 ,! angel hair 0 quickly id5tifi$ z foil dropp$ by planes t 7 conduct+ a te/ ( rad> reception,,xi-#aa4 ,reports ( angel hair /ill come 9 occasionally to ,,atic &1 if ! explanation is n imm$iately obvi\s1 are inve/igat$4 ,on ! aft]noon ( ,octob] #ab1 #aiei1 (ficials at ,rob9s ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,georgia1 receiv$ a telephone call /at+ t unid5tifi$ sub/ances 7 fall+ f unkn[n objects 9 ! sky ne> ! t[n ( ,wa%+ton4 ,two ,air ,=ce inve/igators arriv$ 9 ! t[n be=e ev5+ to int]view ! witnesses & exam9e ! mat]ial4 ,! fir/ sight+ _h occurr$ %ortly be=e noon1 :5 a f>m woman notic$ an object 9 ! sky1 travel+ n p>ticul>ly fa/ f s\!a/ to we/4 ,a /ream ( peculi>-look+ sub/ance1 broad z ! vapor trail ( a jet plane1 0 trail+ beh9d & float+ t[>d ! e>?4 ,! object itself 0 8z l>ge z a football10 br[n or black 9 color1 & ma9ta9$ a p]fectly /raight1 ev5 c\rse4 ,a few h\rs lat] 9 a t[n a few miles nor!a/1 a man m[+ 8 lawn notic$ on ! grass two :iti%-gray /reaks ab\t t5 feet long & eight in*es wide1 ext5d+ f ea/ to we/4 ,decid+ t ! peculi> /reaks 7 a fungus or a mold1 he m[$ across !m2 at once a gray du/ rose ab\t tw5ty in*es into ! air & !n settl$ back to e>?4 ,! ,air ,=ce inve/igators took samples ( ! du/y e>? & grass = analysis4 ,*emical te/s %[$ ! pres5ce ( silv] iodide4 ,f9d+ silv] 9 su* an unlikely place pos$ a problem1 b x also po9t$ ! way to a solution4 ,silv] iodide & o!r silv] halides are us$ 9 cl\d se$+ to produce ra92 long 8plumes0 ( ?is mat]ial1 eject$ f planes1 h be5 successfully track$ 9 m\nta9\s c\ntry = di/ances ( ?irty-five miles d[nw9d4 ,a few que/ions 9 ! "r places produc$ ! answ]3 rese>* teams f ! ,univ]sity ( ,georgia at ,a!ns & f ! ,lockhe$ plant at ,m>ietta _h be5 9 ! air t day1 c>ry+ out exp]im5ts 9 cl\d se$+4 ,! angel hair 0 ! silv] iodide us$ 9 ! exp]im5t,,xi-#aj4 ,angel hair ( less my/]i\s orig9 has n[ f\nd its way into ! cul9>y _w4 ,! re/aurant ( ! ,hotel ,bri/ol 9 ,crdoba1 ,arg5t9a1 (f]s 8,angel-hair s\p10 v f9e ?readlike spaghetti 9 *ick5 bro?4 ,! ,wiscons9 ,pancakes ,( ! _m sub/ances (f]$ ! public z pro( ( extrat]re/rial visitors1 probably few h evok$ m publicity ?an ! ,wiscons9 pancakes4 ,accord+ to a plumb] nam$ ,joe ,simonton1 ( ,eagle ,riv]1 ,wiscons91 a fly+ sauc] ) ?ree peculi>ly dress$ occupants appe>$ 9 8 y>d on ,april #ah1 #aifa1 & hov]$ a few feet above ! gr\nd4 ,:5 "o ( ! sauc]m5 indicat$ by sign language t he 0 ?ir/y & held out a two-h&l$ jug1 ,simonton oblig+ly fill$ x ) well wat] & h&$ x back4 ,look+ ?r\gh ! op5 hat*way1 he saw ano!r spaceman cook+ some?+ on a k9d ( grill4 ,:5 ! spaceman notic$ ! t]re/rial's int]e/1 he pres5t$ him ) ?ree 8pancakes0 f ! grill--?91 oblong1 greasy1 rubb]y pa/ries p]=at$ by small r\nd holes & smell+ /rongly ( goose grease4 ,! sauc] !n dep>t$4 ,al?\gh ,simonton's curiosity app>5tly /opp$ %ort ( ta/+ ^! gifts1 he took !m to a fri5d ( 8 9 ,eagle ,riv]1 a c\nty judge & a memb] 9 good /&+ ( ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7,,nicap7,,xi-#ab4 ,eag] to le>n :e!r ! flapjacks came f ?is _w or ano!r1 ! judge promptly mail$ "o ( !m to ,,nicap headqu>t]s 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 expla9$ its hi/ory & reque/$ an analysis4 ,at ! same "t he gave ! /ory1 z f> z x w5t1 to ! newspap]s4 ,aft] two weeks ( anxi\s wait+1 on ,may #g he aga9 wrote to ,,nicap1 prote/+ _! failure to ackn[l$ge 8 p>cel & dem&+ ei!r an analysis or ! pancake4 ,?is "t he receiv$ a prompt reply3 ,,nicap deplor$ ! publicity involv+ ! organization ) su* a fanta/ic-s\nd+ claim1 b agre$ to s5d ! /uff to a *emi/4 ,mean:ile "t 0 pass+ & pancakes1 at lea/ t]re/rial ones1 don't la/ =ev]4 ,)\t wait+ = ! report f ! *emi/ ! judge submitt$ "o ( ! rema9+ pancakes to ,air ,=ce inve/igators ( ,u,f,os4 ,on ,may #be--! cakes 7 n[ m ?an a mon? old--he wrote a ?ird lett]1 excoriat+ ,,nicap = its lack ( en?usiasm ov] ! evid5ce1 & s5t a c>bon copy to ,ray ,palm]1 editor ( ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 :o 9 ! e>ly days ( ,u,f,os _h be5 _! /aun* propon5t 7see ,*apt] ,,ii74 ,! magaz9e promptly publi%$ ! lett]1 ) comm5ts1 z well z an editorial t solemnly reproa*$ ,,nicap = its attitude t[>d contactee /ories 9 g5]al,,xi-#ac4 ,if ! magaz9e & ! judge _h plann$ ! entire episode delib]ately to emb>rass ,,nicap1 !y c\ld n h tim$ x bett]4 ,busy try+ to promote a ,congressional he>+ on fly+ sauc]s1 ,,nicap app>5tly _h no "t1 facilities1 or incl9ation to inve/igate flapjacks ( su* dubi\s orig94 ,int]rupt$ by phone calls1 besieg$ by report]s1 & g5]ally h>ass$1 ,,nicap mail$ ! cake to an ,ohio physics pr(essor1 a memb] ( ! organization1 9 ! hope t he c\ld induce 8 colleague 9 ! *emi/ry dep>tm5t to analyze ! cake4 ,s9ce ! *emi/ry pr(essor 0 ill1 ! physics pr(essor return$ ! specim5 to headqu>t]s 9 ,wa%+ton4 ,old & tir$ z x mu/ h be5 by ?is "t1 ! cake !n 0 dispat*$ to ,new ,york to ano!r ,,nicap memb]1 a *emi/1 :o began "s prelim9>y te/s4 ,sometime dur+ ^! weeks ! ,air ,=ce ann\nc$ ! results ( its analysis4 ,! pancakes consi/$ ( />*1 fat1 buck:eat hulls1 soybean hulls1 :eat bran1 & o!r common sub/ances2 bact]iological & radiation read+s 7 normal,,xi-#ad4 ,obvi\sly ! specim5 _h be5 an ord9>y pancake fri$ on e>?--or else ! spacem5's home planet produc$ gra9s t are indi/+ui%able f ^? fl\ri%+ on e>?4 ,,nicap1 h[ev]1 _h ! la/ ^w4 ,prelim9>y te/s by _! *emi/ _h %[n t ! cakes conta9$ a common type ( hydrog5at$ oil %ort5+ t melt$ at body temp]ature4 ,fur!r te/s 7 tempor>ily delay$ because ( ! exp5se4 ,h[ev]1 ,,nicap assur$ ! judge1 ! te/s w\ld be complet$ sometime1 & any fragm5ts left ov] w\ld be sav$ & return$6,,xi-#ae ,! ,moon ,bridge ,on ! ev5+ ( ,july #bi1 #aiec1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,j4 ,o',neill1 a sci5ce report] = ! ,new ,york ,h]ald ,tribune1 0 look+ at ! moon ?r\gh 8 small telescope :5 he saw :at he believ$ to be a %aft ( light %9+ f ! m\nta9\s ridge above ! ,m>e ,crisium crat] & fann+ out into ! %ad[$ area ( ! crat] wall4 ,accord+ to 8 int]pretation1 ! light 0 com+ f und]nea? a new /ructure1 a gigantic natural bridge twelve to tw5ty miles long t ar*$ ov] a gap 9 ! m\nta9\s rim4 ,?is region ( ! moon _h be5 ?or\ghly /udi$ & mapp$ dur+ ! previ\s c5tury & no su* feature _h ev] be5 notic$4 ,! sudd5 appe>ance ( s spectacul> an object1 if true1 w\ld inde$ require explanation4 ,al]t$ by news reports ( ! moon bridge1 a ,briti% amateur a/ronom]1 ,h4 ,p4 ,wilk9s1 report$ a few weeks lat] t he1 too1 c\ld see ! my/]i\s ar* ?r\gh 8 telescope 7see ,figure #af74 ,to sauc] en?usia/s ^! reports con/itut$ pro( t ! moon 0 inhabit$4 ,s9ce ,nature alone c\ld n h =m$ su* an ar* 9 s %ort a "t1 !y argu$1 ! bridge mu/ be artificial4 ,! /ructure might h be5 built by creatures liv+ on ! moon1 p]haps 9 enorm\s und]gr\nd cities4 ,^! be+s might be native ,sel5ites1 or !y might be coloni/s f ,m>s or f planets belong+ to ano!r sol> sy/em :o 7 us+ ! moon z a base = _! space%ips,,xi-#af4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #af4 ,! 8,moon ,bridge40 ,a1 ,j be=e sunset light fans out f b5ea? 8ar*02 ,b1 ! fan n>r[s z sun s9ks l[]2 ,c1 fan beg9s to disappe> z sun sets bel[ horizon4 7,bas$ on sket*es by ! late ,h4 ,p4 ,wilk9s47 ,pr(essional a/ronom]s1 qu]i$ ab\t ! my/]i\s bridge1 po9t$ out t sunlight c\ld n h produc$ ! ph5om5on 9 ! way describ$4 ,:5 a bright lamp %9es ?r\gh an op5 doorway into a d>k5$ room1 ! light spreads out l a fan into ! %ad[$ area because ! light s\rce is v ne>4 ,b ! suppos$ light s\rce 9 ?is case 0 ! f>-di/ant sun4 ,if a %aft ( sunlight 7 %9+ "u a huge lun> ar*1 z claim$1 ! opposite b\nd>ies ( ! illum9at$ area w\ld be ess5tially p>allel1 n div]g5t l ! fan-%ap$ region describ$4 ,exam9+ ! ,m>e ,crisium wall ?r\gh ! fifte5-in* ,h>v>d telescope1 ,dr4 ,m5zel 7:o 0 !re=e label$ 8"o ( ! ,army /ooges0,,xi-#af;a7 conclud$ t ! bright area obs]v$ by ! amateurs mu/ h be5 a high plateau t 0 /ill illum9at$ by ! sett+ sun :ile ! re/ ( ! crat] wall 0 already 9 d>kness4 ,! r\ghly curv$ b\nd>y ( ! illum9at$ plateau1 se5 aga9/ ! %ad[$ m\nta9s1 _h be5 mi/ak5ly int]pret$ z a bridge4 ,dr4 ,g4 ,p4 ,kuip]1 "o ( ! _w's lead+ au?orities on ! moon1 also /udi$ ! area ) ! eighty-two-in* reflect+ telescope at ! ,mc,donald ,obs]vatory1 & rea*$ ! same conclusion4 ,"o writ] (f]$ fur!r pro( 7d]iv$ f an unnam$ s\rce7 = ! reality ( ! new bridge4 ,a/ronom]s at ,m\nt ,palom> ,obs]vatory1 he ass]t$1 _h made a secret /udy t confirm$ ! pres5ce ( ! /ructure2 fur!rmore a spectrographic analysis 0 suppos$ to h prov$ t ! bridge 0 made ( metal,,xi-#af4 ,s5sible comm5t on ^! /atem5ts is n easy4 ,a 8secret0 /udy w\ld be impossible s9ce ! moon's face is obvi\sly op5 to all view]s1 & ! purport$ *emical analysis is %e] nons5se4 ,! spectroscope c tell ! physici/ :at lum9\s gases are pres5t 9 ! atmosph]e ar\nd a heav5ly body1 b x _c reveal ! composition ( a solid object on ! surface ( ! body1 unless ! object is fir/ heat$ until x vaporizes & is trans=m$ into gas4 ,be=e a physici/ c\ld make a spectrographic analysis ( ! alleg$ lun> /ructure1 he w\ld h to l& on ! moon & *ip (f a piece ( ! 8bridge0 itself4 8,pieces ( ,sauc]s0 ,9 ,,ufo publications1 any oddly %ap$ *unk ( rock or metal is likely to be describ$ z a fragm5t ( an int]planet>y craft4 ,a six-in* meteorite t fell at ,sylacauga1 ,alabama1 7,*apt] ,v7 has be5 classifi$ 9 "o sauc] book z an 8unid5tifi$ cra%$ object40,,xi-#af ,by peculi> rev]se logic1 sometimes ! abs5ce ( a solid fragm5t is adduc$ z equally valid evid5ce ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,! gre5 fireballs ( ,new ,mexico 7,*apt] ,v7 7 id5tifi$ z spacecraft p>tly because !y did n leave mat]ial traces on ! gr\nd4 ,simil>ly1 :5 a small object app>5tly /ruck & w5t ?r\gh a metal signbo>d 9 ,new ,hav51 ,connecticut1 on ,augu/ #ai1 #aiec1 ! object itself c\ld n be f\nd4 ,nev]!less1 f a /udy ( ! size & %ape ( ! hole & ! mat]ial ar\nd ! hole1 sauc] inve/igators1 ) m ?an ,%]lockian skill1 conclud$ t ! object mu/ h be5 a missile f out] space4 ,to id5tify 8pieces ( sauc]s10 a new pseudosci5ce has n[ develop$ :i* we may call 8x5o*emi/ry10 ! int]pretation ( sub/ances alleg$ly f o!r planets4 ,9 x5o*emi/ry1 a full qualitative & quantitative analysis is usually n p]=m$ & exact results are n made public4 ,f an id5tification & sometimes a quantitative e/imate ( "o or two ( ! elem5ts pres5t 9 ! specim51 ! inve/igator inf]s ! nature ( ! re/ & treats ! inf]5ce z prov$ fact4 ,on ! basis ( ?is 8analysis0 he concludes t ! object1 be=e x ent]$ our atmosph]e1 mu/ h _h a c]ta9 *emical composition t is unkn[n or impossible on e>? & t ! object !re=e came f ano!r planet4 ,silv] ,ra9 9 ,brazil ,"o ( ! mo/ publiciz$ sub/ances to be analyz$ 9 ?is way 0 ! 8silv] ra90 t alleg$ly fell f an unid5tifi$ fly+ object 9 ,brazil4 ,! incid5t occurr$ on ,decemb] #ac1 #aied1 9 ! city ( ,camp9as & ! witness 0 a h\sewife b1 z 9 _m ,,ufo sight+s1 exactly :at happ5$ is n easy to f9d out,,xi-#ag4 ,,ufo publications 9 ,engl&1 ,new ,zeal&1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates report$ t ! sight+ _h occurr$ at night b1 9 spite ( ! d>kness1 ! witness _h obs]v$ ! objects 9 detail4 ,%e describ$ ?ree gray-color$1 circul> fly+ sauc]s2 ea* 0 made up ( two sections or plates1 "o plac$ on top ( ! o!r2 ! top plate rotat$ cont9u\sly & s5t out a /rong light4 ,mov+ s\ndlessly & 9 close =mation1 ! ?ree sauc]s _h p]=m$ fanta/ic acrobatics ov] ! city1 app>5tly unnotic$ by ! o!r resid5ts4 ,sudd5ly "o ( !m _h peel$ (f & div$ l[ ov] ! ro( ( ! woman's h\se1 light+ up ! :ole neighborhood ) ! brilliant gl>e ( its rotat+ section2 !n1 go+ into a high-spe$ climb1 x dropp$ at h] feet a liquid sub/ance t fell 8l silv] ra940 ,accord+ to ! m g5]ally accept$ & m probable v]sion1 ! incid5t occurr$ 9 ! morn+ 9 full daylight4 ,! h\sewife 0 fe$+ h] p\ltry :5 %e he>d a noise on ! gr\nd ne> h] feet4 ,/oop+ d[n1 %e obs]v$ a pool ( %9y liquid1 l silv] ra91 :i* solidifi$ )9 a few seconds4 ,look+ up1 %e saw ?ree l>ge objects mov+ rapidly high 9 ! sky & !y look$ to h] l fly+ sauc]s4 ,a report] on ! ,camp9as ,correio ,popul>1 he>+ rumors t a fly+ sauc] _h dropp$ /range mat]ial 8some?+ l lead10 int]view$ ! woman1 collect$ "s fragm5ts t a neighbor _h pick$ up1 & took !m to a local *emi/ = analysis4 ,! newspap] !n report$ t ! /uff 0 absolutely pure t9--t is1 x 0 ab\t #ij p] c5t pure t9 & ! re/ 0 ei!r oxidation or metal alloys t 7 unkn[n on e>?,,xi-#ag1 ,,xi-#ah1 ,,xi-#ai4 ,und]/&ably int]e/$ 9 ?is report1 memb]s ( ! ,brazilian ,air ,=ce also int]view$ ! witness & collect$ "s ( ! fragm5ts %e %[$ !m1 z well z o!r fragm5ts t _h fall5 ab\t ! same "t 9 o!r p>ts ( ! city4 ,laboratory analysis %[$ ! mat]ial to be m]ely sold]4 ,sev]al l>ge airports n f> f ,camp9as might well h _h l>ge planes 9 ! air2 !y c\ld h dropp$ ! sold]4 ,! ,air ,=ce obvi\sly saw no ne$ to invoke ! pres5ce ( extrat]re/rial vehicles to acc\nt = ! incid5t & consid]$ ! problem solv$1 b ,brazilian sauc] en?usia/s refus$ to accept ?is explanation4 ,9 _! op9ion ! ,air ,=ce _h ei!r gott5 hold ( ! wrong mat]ial or 0 cov]+ up ! true facts4 ,two ye>s lat]1 9 ! autumn ( #aief1 ! report] :o _h ord]$ ! orig9al analysis receiv$ ano!r collection ( fragm5ts & turn$ !m ov] to a gr\p ( civilian inve/igators ( ,,ufo ph5om5a4 ,al?\gh he did n "k ! full hi/ory ( ! new fragm5ts 7un=tunately he _h =gott5 ! names ( ! p]sons :o gave !m to him71 he himself 0 conv9c$ t !y 7 "p ( ! orig9al %[] ( silv] ra94 ,accept+ ?is !ory1 ! civilians s5t ! fragm5ts to ! ,unit$ ,/ates = analysis3 "o "p to a sympa!tic sci5ti/ at an ,ohio college1 :o ask$ a *emi/ colleague to te/ ! mat]ial1 & ano!r to a comm]cial *emi/ 9 ,new ,york4 ,:5 ! ,new ,york *emi/1 l ! ,brazilian ,air ,=ce 9 #aied1 report$ t ! mat]ial 0 an ord9>y t9 sold]1 ! ,,ufo gr\p conclud$ t ! fragm5t s5t him mu/ h be5 spuri\s1 & refus$ to accept 8 f9d+s4 ,! ,ohio *emi/ report$ t 8 specim5 conta9$ t91 did n conta9 antimony1 & _h a d5sity ( #aj4c4 ,s9ce ! d5sity ( t9 is #g4c1 ! sample obvi\sly conta9$ o!r elem5ts 9 addition to t94 ,) ! reports 9 h&1 ! editor ( ! ,brazilian ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet9 publi%$ ! x5o*emical conclusion "u ! headl9e1 8,/uff ,analyz$ by ,am]ican & ,brazilian ,sci5ti/s ,proves ! ,u,f,os ,are ,non-,t]re/rial ,fly+ ,ma*9es40,,xi-#ah ,! full facts on :i* ?is conclusion re/s %\ld presumably be available = /udy1 b !y h nev] be5 publi%$4 ,! orig9 ( ! #aief fragm5ts is unkn[n2 !y may or may n h be5 "p ( ! #aied fall4 ,b ! #aied incid5t at lea/ (f]$ an app>5tly ideal *ance to e/abli% beyond d\bt ! exact composition ( a sub/ance t fell f "s object 9 ! sky1 & to det]m9e :e!r x came f e>? or f beyond4 ,! mat]ial did n deliquesce or disappe>1 z gossam] & indu/rial wa/e may d1 b rema9$ available = analysis4 ,incr$ibly1 ?is ideal *ance 0 lo/4 ,( ! sev]al *emi/s involv$1 none made a complete qualitative1 quantitative1 & spectroscopic analysis1 & none publi%$ 8 complete data4 ,! ,ohio *emi/1 busy ) ord9>y duties1 _h "t to make only a prelim9>y analysis ( ! #aief fragm5t4 ,he did n det]m9e ! am\nt ( t9 pres5t & did n det]m9e :at elem5ts o!r ?an t9 7 9 ! sample4 ,! d5sity ( ! #aied sample is n kn[n & ! results ( ! complete qualitative1 quantitative1 & spectrographic te/s1 if p]=m$1 are n available4 ,:5 a bus9essman s5ds a specim5 to a comm]cial *emi/ = analysis1 he expects to receive a specific li/ ( exactly :at elem5ts x conta9s & 9 :at p]c5tages4 ,if he receiv$1 in/ead1 results su* z ^? ( ! silv]-ra9 analysis1 plus ! *emi/'s op9ion t ! specim5 us$ to consi/ ( some?+ else 9 diff]5t proportions1 ! bus9essman w\ld v prop]ly refuse to pay4 ,no compet5t *emi/ w\ld use ! meag] data available to ass]t t ! #aied & #aief fragm5ts _h an id5tical orig91 or t !y 7 orig9ally compos$ only ( pure t94 ,a quantitative analysis !oretically c\ld %[ t a giv5 sample is compos$ entirely ( a c]ta9 elem5t su* z t91 b if ! sample conta9s only #ij p] c5t t91 #aj p] c5t obvi\sly consi/s ( o!r elem5ts1 & ! specim5 is n #ajj p] c5t pure t94 ,) s few facts available1 ! actual id5tity ( ! silv] ra9 c only be guess$ at1 b ov]:elm+ evid5ce indicates t x 0 made "r "h on e>?4 ,! ,h&book ( ,*emi/ry & ,physics li/s a l>ge numb] ( possibilities4 ,at lea/ #e alloys ( t9 & lead1 )\t antimony1 h d5sities betwe5 #i4dc & #aj4cc1 l ! #aief fragm5ts4 ,ord9>y 8plumb]'s sold]0 is #fg p] c5t lead1 #cc p] c5t t91 & has a d5sity ( #i4d4 8,t9man's sold]0 is #fg p] c5t t9 & #cc p] c5t lead4 ,_m alum9um sold]s h nei!r antimony nor lead1 b conta9 t9 9 p]c5tages rang+ f #ej to #ig p] c5t1 comb9$ ) v>y+ proportions ( z9c1 alum9um1 copp]1 cadmium1 or phosphorus4 ,"o judicial-m9d$ inve/igator ( fly+ sauc]s g5tly po9t$ out to ! editor ( ! ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet9 t ! use ( ! ^w 8prov$0 = ! extrat]re/rial orig9 ( ! silv] ra9 0 premature1 & sugge/$ ! ne$ = obta9+ & publi%+ a complete analysis be=e draw+ any conclusions4 ,! editor respond$ ) ! peculi> logic ( ! x5o*emi/3 8,:at m is necess>y to conv9ce s sev]e & ?ickhead$ p]son z ,dr4 ----8 ,w\ld be necess>y a /atem5t 9 conjunction ) "s highly worldly consid]$ sci5ti/8 444 ,w\ld be necess>y a /atem5t 9 conjunction f ,eis5h[]1 ,khru%*ev & ! ,pope8--,?is he'll nev] get ( c\rse4 ,w\ld be necess>y a ,,ufo l&+ on 8 private g>d580,,xi-#ag ,ano!r type ( color$ sub/ance is ! 8blue ra90 t spr9kl$ a ?irty-mile /ret* ( c\ntryside ne> ,london on ,septemb] #i1 #aifb4 ,fall+ )\t w>n+ f cle> skies1 x left a blue /a9 t w\ldn't wa% (f4 ,inve/igation %[$ t ! sub/ance came f jet planes tak+ "p 9 ,brita9's annual giant air %[ at ,f>nbor\gh4 ,! jets 7 us+ ! blue dye to color _! vapor trails & make a m spectacul> display4 ,o!r ,my/]i\s ,fragm5ts ,9 ! spr+ ( #aifj ,mrs4 ,coral ,lor5z51 director ( ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,rese>* ,organization1 publicly *all5g$ ! tru? ( ! ,air ,=ce /atem5t t 8no physical or mat]ial evid5ce1 n ev5 a m9ute fragm5t ( s-call$ #8fly+ sauc]' has ev] be5 f\nd40,,xi-#bj ,mrs4 ,lor5z5 ann\nc$ t %e _h 9 h] possession two fragm5ts ( an extrat]re/rial vehicle t _h met ) disa/] 9 ! e>?'s atmosph]e4 ,)\t specify+ ! date & location ( ! ev5t1 ! id5tity ( ! witnesses1 or any corroborative details ( ! alleg$ disa/]1 %e m]ely said t sev]al p]sons _h witness$ ! cata/rophe4 ,%e w5t on to ass]t1 some:at a/oni%+ly1 t 8! gratify+ aspect ( ?is case1 h[ev]1 is t we d n h to dep5d on ! te/imony ( witnesses to e/abli% ! reality ( ! incid5t = ! mo/ advanc$ laboratory te/s indicate t ! residual mat]ial c\ld n h be5 produc$ ?r\gh ! application ( any kn[n t]re/rial te*niques40,,xi-#ba ,s5d+ a lett] & two photographs ( ! fragm5ts to ,colonel ,lawr5ce ,j4 ,tack]1 !n 9 ! ,(fice ( ,in=mation1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce1 %e simultane\sly releas$ to ! press copies ( bo? lett] & photographs1 & sugge/$ t ! ,air ,=ce c\ld 8v9dicate0 itself by analyz+ ! mat]ial4 ,! newspap] photographs %[$ "o fragm5t ab\t f\r in*es long & two in*es wide resembl+ petrifi$ wood 9 appe>ance1 & a small] piece %ap$ r\ghly l a flatt5$ cupcake1 ^: surface %[$ pits & :orls l ^? on ! trail+ end ( a meteorite4 ,two days lat]1 )\t wait+ = a reply f ,wa%+ton1 ,mrs4 ,lor5z5 ?r\gh ! newspap] amplifi$ h] *all5ge4 ,if ! ,air ,=ce want$ to exam9e ! my/]i\s fragm5ts1 %e said1 !y w\ld fir/ h to agree to c]ta9 conditions,,xi-#bb3 87#a7 ,,apro (fic]s1 toge!r ) duly appo9t$ ,air ,=ce liaison p]sonnel1 w\ld e/abli% a bo>d ( exp]ts repres5t+ bo? milit>y & civilian ,,ufo rese>*]s4 87#b7 ,?is bo>d ( exp]ts w\ld decide :at mean+ful te/s ne$ to be p]=m$ on ! mat]ial 9 "q4 87#c7 ,! bo>d !n w\ld select a qualifi$ te/+ ag5cy to p]=m ^! te/s "u its cognizance40 ,9 all its hi/ory1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce c surely h receiv$ no m extraord9>y proposition4 ,:atev] he may h felt1 ,colonel ,tack] m]ely sugge/$ t ,mrs4 ,lor5z5 c\ld submit ! mat]ial to ,,atic = analysis4 ,! fragm5ts 7 nev] =w>d$ to ! ,air ,=ce4 ,ev5tually ,,apro publi%$ "s in=mation ab\t ! 8disa/]40 ,e>ly 9 ,septemb] #aieg a gr\p ( fi%]m5 on a bea* ne> ,ubataba1 ,brazil1 _h suppos$ly sight$ a disk-%ap$ object fla%+ d[n t[>d ! sea4 ,! ,,ufo _h sudd5ly ve]$ upw>d & explod$1 %[]+ d[n fragm5ts & sp>ks l fireworks4 ,sev]al pieces _h be5 obta9$ by a ,brazilian repres5tative ( ,,apro1 :o submitt$ !m to a *emi/ = complete te/s includ+ spectrographic & ,x-ray diffraction analyses4 ,! analyses h app>5tly nev] be5 publi%$4 ,al?\gh !y evid5tly %[$ ! pres5ce ( at lea/ ?ree elem5ts common on e>?--magnesium1 hydrog51 & oxyg5--,,apro someh[ d$uc$ t ! fragm5ts 9 _! orig9al /ate _h consi/$ ( pure magnesium & t ! hydroxide mu/ h =m$ :5 !y came 9 contact ) ! wat]4 ,! f9al conclusion /at$ t ! object consi/$1 at lea/ 9 "p1 ( #ajj magnesium4 ,simil>ly1 p]haps1 a cook might ass]t t s9ce *ocolate fudge consi/s1 at lea/ 9 "p1 ( #ajj p] c5t sucrose1 fudge mu/ orig9ally h be5 compos$ entirely ( pure sug>1 except = a little *ocolate & milk x pick$ up 9 pass+ ?r\gh ! kit*54 ,f ! few facts available a positive id5tification ( ! fragm5ts is impossible4 ,! description ( ! object se5 by ! fi%]m5 fits t ( a meteor t broke into pieces ne> ! end ( its flight4 ,9 ! photographs ! fragm5ts look l ord9>y meteorites1 :i* (t5 conta9 a fair am\nt ( magnesium 7see ,*apt] ,v74 ,!re is no evid5ce to sugge/ t ! fi%]m5's 8wreck$ space%ip0 0 any?+ b an explod+ meteor4 ,9 ! la/ fifte5 ye>s ! ,air ,=ce has pati5tly analyz$ doz5s ( odd sub/ances rang+ f angel hair to pancakes4 ,! /atem5t made 9 #aifj by ,g5]al ,?omas ,d4 ,:ite1 ,*ief ( ,/aff1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce1 /ill holds true3 8,by an act ( ,congress ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce is *>g$ ) ! ,air ,def5se ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,rapid id5tification ( any?+ t flies is an important "p ( air def5se4 ,?us ! ,air ,=ce initiat$ & cont9ues ! unid5tifi$ fly+ object program4 ,"u ?is program all unid5tifi$ fly+ object sight+s are inve/igat$ 9 meticul\s detail by ,air ,=ce p]sonnel & qualifi$ sci5tific consultants4 ,s f>1 n a s+le bit ( mat]ial evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( space%ips has be5 f\nd40,,xi-#bc ,,xi-#a ,ormond1 ,r4 8,i ,f\nd a ,little ,gre5 ,man10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,augu/ #aieg74 ,,xi-#b ,scully1 ,f4 ,beh9d ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,popul> ,libr>y1 #aiea4 ,,xi-#c ,cahn1 ,j4 ,p4 8,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,my/]i\s ,little ,m510 ,true magaz9e 7,septemb] #aieb74 ,,xi-#d ,lor5z51 ,c4 ,e4 8,! ,reality ( ! ,little ,m510 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,decemb] #aieh71 p4 #bf4 ,,xi-#e ,mi*el1 ,a4 ,! ,tru? ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,crit]ion ,books1 #aief4 ,,xi-#f ,maney1 ,c4 ,a41 & ,hall1 ,r4 ,! ,*all5ge ( ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 #aifa4 ,,xi-#g ,crompton1 ,j4 ,! ,spid]1 ,london3 ,coll9s1 #aiej4 ,,xi-#h ,,crifo ,orbit1 ,novemb] #b1 #aief4 ,,xi-#i ,,crifo ,orbit1 ,decemb] #g1 #aief4 ,,xi-#aj ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,xi-#aa ,bo/on ,globe1 ,novemb] #bd1 #aifj4 ,,xi-#ab ,b>k]1 ,g4 8,*as+ ! ,fly+ ,sauc]s10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,septemb] #aifa71 p4 #cc4 ,,xi-#ac ,palm]1 ,r4 8,,nicap3 ,national ,non-inve/igations ,committee ,on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,septemb] #aifa71 p4 #d4 ,,xi-#ad ,palm]1 ,r4 ,editorial1 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,m>* #aifb71 p4 #b4 ,,xi-#ae ,,ufo ,inve/igator 7,july-,augu/ #aifa74 ,,xi-#af ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,! ,fly+ ,sauc] ,conspiracy4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiee4 ,,xi-#af;a 8,!re's ,intellig5t ,life on ! ,moon60 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,may #aiei71 p4 #gc4 ,,xi-#ag ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet9 7,janu>y-,febru>y #aieh74 ,,xi-#ah ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet9 7,july-,augu/ #aieg74 ,,xi-#ai ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet9 7,m>*-,april #aieh74 ,,xi-#bj ,news ,release ,no4 #ih-fj1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se1 ,janu>y #bi1 #aifj4 ,,xi-#ba ,alamogordo 7,n4 ,mex47 ,daily ,news1 ,m>* #ac1 #aifj4 ,,xi-#bb ,alamogordo 7,n4 ,mex47 ,daily ,news1 ,m>* #ae1 #aifj4 ,,xi-#bc ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce4 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4,j43 ,d4 ,van ,no/r& ,co41 #aifj4 ,*apt] ,,xii ,,special ,,effects ,"s fly+-sauc] reports1 at fir/ glance1 d n seem to belong 9 any ( ! ord9>y categories ( sight+s su* z mi/ak5 id5tification ( air-borne objects or a/ronomical ph5om5a4 ,ea* ( ^! atypical ,u,f,os =ms a class ( its own &1 :5 expla9$1 proves to be ! 8special effect0 ( a unique situation4 ,_m are misid5tifi$ lights or reflections1 b s9ce ea* "o d]ives f a peculi> comb9ation ( circum/ances t may n h occurr$ be=e & is n likely to occur aga91 acc\nt+ = !m (t5 requires a c]ta9 am\nt ( luck z well z pati5t detective "w4 ,let u suppose1 = example1 t an ,i[a f>m] telephones ! c\nty %]iff "o ,tuesday aft]noon to report t he has j se5 a tig] runn+ ?r\gh 8 cornfield4 ,:5 ! %]iff arrives an h\r lat] & c f9d no trace ( a tig]1 he is baffl$2 he kn[s ! f>m] is nei!r dem5t$ nor a hoax]1 & mu/ h se5 some?+ rem>kable--b :at8 ,! my/]y rema9s unsolv$ until ! %]iff le>ns f a feature /ory 9 ,sunday's pap] t on ! prec$+ ,tuesday aft]noon a trail] truck1 c>ry+ a %ipm5t ( animals = ! ,des ,mo9es zoo1 _h a flat tire :ile travel+ on ,highway ,x ne> ! junction ) ,r\te ,y4 ,dur+ ! /op to repair ! tire1 a giant el& _h escap$ f its cage 9 ! trail]2 x _h be5 recaptur$ & ! truck _h !n cont9u$ its j\rney & deliv]$ its c>go intact4 ,! %]iff c n[ recon/ruct ! peculi> comb9ation ( ev5ts t produc$ ! 8tig]0 !ory4 ,he kn[s t ! section ( ,highway ,x :]e ! truck /opp$ runs p>allel to ! f> side ( ! f>m]'s cornfield4 ,! newspap] acc\nt tells him t a giant el& is a l>ge antelope ) %ort1 twi/$ horns & a tawny-color$ coat ) d>k /ripes4 ,he concludes t ! f>m]1 hav+ only a few seconds' glimpse ( a /range animal among ! corn1 _h obs]v$ ! el&'s /ripes b _h fail$ to notice its horns1 & _h !re=e mi/ak5 x = a tig]4 ,! ,role ( ,unusual ,co9cid5ce ,analog\s unlikely co9cid5ces acc\nt = _m fly+-sauc] reports4 ,! factors t enc\rage ! mis9t]pretation may be ! p>ticul> "t or place at :i* ! ph5om5on appe>s1 ! k9d ( wea!r1 ! exp]i5ce1 physical /ate1 or mood ( ! obs]v]1 8 unaw>5ess ( a c]ta9 fact1 or any comb9ation ( ^! & o!r relevant circum/ances4 ,a fairly simple case ( ?is type 0 ! report$ l&+ ( a spacecraft ne> an ,army b>racks 7(t5 ref]r$ to 9 sauc] publications z ! 8,nike site07 9 a rural area ( ,m>yl&1 %ortly be=e dawn on ! morn+ ( ,septemb] #bi1 #aieh4 ,! s]geant on duty t morn+ left ! ord]ly room at #d3be ,a4,m4 & />t$ to ! b>racks to wak5 ! troops4 ,! sky 0 cle>1 ) bright moonlight4 ,he>+ a :irr+ s\nd l a pit*$ baseball ) a loose cov]1 he look$ up t[>d ! we/ to see a brilliant r\nd :ite object so>+ ?r\gh ! sky f nor? to s\?1 & break+ up into small] pieces z x travel$4 ,x disappe>$ beh9d ! ro( ( ! mess hall1 directly to ! we/1 aft] be+ 9 view ab\t two seconds4 ,hurry+ ar\nd ! s\? side ( ! mess hall to se>* ! we/]n horizon1 he obs]v$ a v bright :ite1 pulsat+ light at gr\nd level1 app>5tly 9 a wood$ area "s f\r or five miles we/ ( ! batt]y site1 z ?\gh ! gl[+ object _h l&$ !re4 ,he report$ ! incid5t to an (fic]1 :o measur$ ! azimu? position ( ! unkn[n4 ,! gl[ rema9$ 9 "o place b dim9i%$ ) increas+ daylight until x 0 no long] visible4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators arriv$ t aft]noon4 ,!y _h already receiv$ _m reports t a brilliant fireball _h fla%$ ?r\gh ! sky at #d3be ,a4,m41 ! "t 9 "q1 & _h be5 obs]v$ by _m witnesses 9 ! area betwe5 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 & ,pittsburgh1 ,p5nsylvania1 b no fireball c\ld acc\nt = ! gr\nd light4 ,! next morn+ at #e3ae ,a4,m4 an int5sely :ite1 fluctuat+ light 0 obs]v$ at ! same place & 0 /udi$ ?r\gh b9ocul>s until daylight made x invisible2 x c\ld be se5 only f ! we/ side ( ! mess hall1 & "o /ep to ! "r or left w\ld hide x f ! obs]v]4 ,travel+ t[>d ! position ( ! unkn[n1 inve/igators f\nd a dairy b>n ?ree miles away1 & on a direct l9e ( sight f ! place ! ,,ufo _h be5 obs]v$4 ,on "o end ( ! b>n 0 a #bjj-watt floodlight ) a :ite reflector1 /ill burn+4 ,on que/ion+ ! f>m]1 !y le>n$ t until rec5tly ! light _h be5 burn$ out & _h n be5 9 use4 ,! e>ly h\r ( sunrise dur+ ! summ] _h provid$ all ! light he ne$$ to milk 8 c[s4 ,) ! %ort] days ( autumn1 h[ev]1 he _h ne$$ ! light & _h replac$ ! bulb only a few days be=e4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! sight+1 he _h turn$ on ! light a few m9utes be=e ! s]geant _h notic$ x,,xii-#a4 ,?us sev]al unrelat$ factors _h comb9$ to produce ! illusion ( a l&$ space vehicle3 #a7 only a week e>li]1 newspap]s _h publiciz$ ! alleg$ l&+ ( a fly+ sauc] 9 ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio 7see ,*apt] ,,xiii72 #b7 a brilliant fireball _h appe>$2 #c7 a f>m] _h turn$ on a floodlight1 previ\sly out ( use = sev]al mon?s2 #d7 ! meteor _h disappe>$ & ! floodlight _h appe>$ 9 r\ghly ! same position z view$ by ! obs]v]4 ,! ,problem ( ,unkn[n ,lights ,at night1 :5 an obs]v] notices a light appe>+ out ( ! d>kness1 he usually _c see ! object t produces or c>ries ! light4 ,"u famili> conditions on ! gr\nd or 9 ! air he usually int]prets ! light correctly1 by a k9d ( in=m$ guesswork1 z t ( an automobile1 an adv]tis+ sign1 an airport beacon1 a plane1 a />1 etc4 ,b if x appe>s "u unfamili> conditions or 9 unexpect$ circum/ances1 he has to make an un9=m$ guess bas$ on l>gely unconsci\s e/imates ( its size1 di/ance1 height1 color1 & rate ( movem5t4 ,to ! driv] ( a c> on a d>k c\ntry road1 a s+le light sudd5ly appe>+ ahead may indicate a plane or a /> l[ 9 ! sky or some?+ on ! road itself--a motorcycle1 a c> ) only "o headlight work+1 a workman's lant]n1 a p$e/rian c>ry+ a fla%light1 or some?+ else4 ,a d\ble light may mean ano!r automobile1 two motorcycles travel+ p>allel1 an animal ^: eyes %9e 9 ! approa*+ headlight1 or some?+ else4 ,! driv] _c be sure he int]prets ! light correctly until he passes x & c see ! object itself or until he c id5tify x 9 "s o!r way4 ,mi*igan's ,fly+ ,bird ,cage ,a ,,ufo sight+ bas$ on mi/ak5 id5tification ( /range lights occurr$ 9 ! e>ly morn+ h\rs ( ,m>* #bb1 #aiei1 ne> ,ann ,arbor1 ,mi*igan4 ,! night 0 cle>1 ! moon 0 ne>ly full1 & visibility 0 unusually good4 ,at ab\t #a3cj ,a4,m4 a man & 8 wife driv+ on a c\ntry road sudd5ly notic$ a /range object hov]+ 9 ! sky s\? ( ! road4 ,accord+ to _! report to ! ,air ,=ce1 ! ,,ufo 0 an elongat$ oval ) a dome on top1 some?+ l a bird cage1 & brilliantly illum9at$ by two %afts ( int5se pale-yell[ light t sprang f ! bottom & conv]g$ ov] ! top4 ,fright5$ at ?is app>ition1 ! witnesses c\ld provide only unc]ta9 e/imates ( di/ance & size4 ,! object seem$ to be tw5ty to ?irty feet 9 diamet]1 0 at an altitude ( ab\t #bjj feet :5 fir/ se51 & 0 hov]+ ab\t two miles away4 ,z !y drove on1 ! object seem$ to move & travel p>allel ) ! c> = ab\t a mile4 ,!n ! yell[ lights dimm$ & a circle ( eight or t5 r$ lights sudd5ly appe>$ on ! und]side1 ! ,,ufo rose v]tically1 v rapidly1 & vani%$ 9 a few seconds4 ,x _h be5 9 view = a p]iod ( five to t5 m9utes4 ,*eck+ ! mo/ probable explanations fir/1 ,,atic (ficials f\nd t ! ne>by ,will[ ,run ,airport _h _h no aircraft 9 ! vic9ity at ! "t & t no /> or planet seem$ to be involv$4 ,fur!r inve/igation %[$ t ! fly+ bird cage 0 actually ! radio telescope ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,mi*igan4 ,! telescope 0 in/all$ on ! top ( ,pea* ,m\nta9 & 0 cle>ly visible f ! road on :i* ! witnesses 7 travel+4 ,on ! und]side ( ! eighty-five-foot 8di%0 0 a wire-me% /ructure t sugge/$ ! bird cage4 ,at ! "t ( ! sight+ ! di% 0 fac+ 9 ! direction ( ! witnesses & 0 illum9at$ by a floodlight z well z by ! bright moonlight4 ,x _h seem$ to be foll[+ ! c> only because ! c> itself 0 mov+4 ,! a/ronom]s op]at+ ! telescope 7 rotat+ ! di% f ! horizon to ! z5i?1 & ! yell[ lights dimm$ because ! witnesses 7 see+ less & less ( ! surface4 ,! 8circle0 ( r$ lights 0 ! r$ aircraft-w>n+ lights on ! ,,wuom radio t[]1 :i* lay 9 a direct l9e betwe5 ! telescope & ! witnesses4 ,:5 ! di% rea*$ ! z5i? & 0 po9t$ to ! sky ov]head1 ! op]at+ crew turn$ (f ! floodlights4 ,! di% 0 no long] visible to ! witnesses1 :o int]pret$ ! sudd5 disappe>ance z a sudd5 v]tical asc5t into ! sky,,xii-#a4 ,u,f,os f ,reflections ,reflections f ! bright sun h produc$ _m elusive ,u,f,os4 ,all pilots are famili> ) ! lum9\s objects t sometimes appe> 9 ! air bel[ a plane on a sunny day1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! plane is fly+ ov] wood$ t]ra9 t is p>tly obscur$ by atmosph]ic haze4 ,! sun has be5 reflect$ mom5t>ily f a broad %9y surface1 su* z ! metal ro( ( a f>m build+2 because ( ! contra/ betwe5 ! bright surface & ! d>k =e/ surr\nd+ x1 ! image appe>s to be a ,,ufo float+ high 9 ! air4 ,sometimes ! sun %9es on a bright metallic surface1 su* z ! *rome trim ( an automobile1 & by *ance is reflect$ directly into ! eyes ( a pass]-by4 ,if he !n glances at ! sky he may see a :ole fleet ( ,u,f,os2 ! bright fla% has produc$ a tempor>y *emical *ange 9 ! ret9a s t = a mom5t or two ! eye sees a s]ies ( sauc]-%ap$ images ( ! sun4 ,a photograph]'s fla%bulb or a bright fla% ( lightn+ c produce simil> aft]-images4 ,"s />tl+ ,u,f,os h be5 produc$ by reflections f an object t ! witness 0 n able to see or did n recognize4 ,"o night 9 ! spr+ ( #aifa an amateur a/ronom] report$ t a huge cig>-%ap$ fly+ sauc] 0 hov]+ 9 ! sky sev]al ?\s& feet above ! ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory4 ,inve/igation %[$ t ! 8,,ufo0 0 a reflection f a small oblong insulator on an electric wire /rung betwe5 two build+s4 ,fa9tly illum9at$ f bel[ by ! lights f ! un%ad$ w9d[s1 x seem$ to be an imm5se & brilliantly gl[+ object high 9 ! sky4 ,! witness at fir/ refus$ to believe t he c\ld s mi/ake ! evid5ce ( 8 own eyes4 ,next morn+1 h[ev]1 he return$ to ! sc5e & 0 able to see t :at _h appe>$ ! night be=e to be a giant space%ip 0 only a small insulator a few feet above 8 head4 ,! bright sun reflect$ at a p>ticul> "t f an object invisible to ! obs]v] (t5 produces a puzzl+ ph5om5on1 su* z ! fly+ sauc] report$ f ,danby1 ,cali=nia1 e>ly 9 ,octob] #aieh4 ,ab\t #d3jj 9 ! aft]noon on ,octob] #b1 ?ree prospectors /&+ ne> a tung/5 mill at ,railroad ,danby notic$ a sudd5 bright gl[ 9 ! nor?we/ sky :i* rema9$ visible = ab\t #b h\rs & !n disappe>$4 ,:5 a gl[ appe>$ aga9 ! foll[+ day at ! same "t & place1 ! obs]v]s tri$ to id5tify x by us+ a small telescope & saw a bright1 oblong object hov]+ above ! horizon2 x 0 ! color ( alum9um1 approximately fifte5 feet long1 five feet high1 & ab\t f\r miles away4 ,gett+ into a c>1 ! m5 drove 9 ! direction ( ! object & se>*$ ! suppos$ location on foot = sev]al h\rs1 b c\ld f9d no trace ( ! ,,ufo4 ,sev]al days lat]1 realiz+ t ! object reappe>$ e day at ab\t ! same "t & place1 two ( ! m5 decid$ to inve/igate fur!r4 ,/udy+ ! object ?r\gh a pair ( p[]ful b9ocul>s1 !y c\ld see guy wires com+ f x & rods radiat+ f ! guy wires4 ,rememb]+ t two tall radio ant5nas us$ by ! highway patrol /ood 9 approximately ! same location1 ! witnesses f\nd ! explanation1 :i* ,air ,=ce inve/igators confirm$4 ,! ant5nas1 plac$ "s tw5ty feet ap>t1 ext5d$ ab\t tw5ty feet above ! trees4 ,! cig>-%ap$ hov]+ object 0 a special effect dep5d+ on a p>ticul> comb9ation ( circum/ances3 only dur+ ! fir/ "p ( ,octob]1 & only late 9 ! aft]noon1 did ! sun's rays /rike ! ant5na 9 su* a way t ! reflection 0 visible to an obs]v] at ,railroad ,danby,,xii-#a4 ,sundogs 9 ,utah & ,france ,sundogs are ano!r special effect result+ f a peculi> comb9ation ( circum/ances1 & !y cont9ue to supply _! quota ( good ,,ufo reports4 ,t9y ice cry/als float+ 9 a lay] ( quiet air & reflect+ a bright sun are responsible = produc+ sundogs4 ,a ?9 lay] ( su* cry/als may be invisible to ! obs]v]2 a ?ick lay] appe>s z ! famili> cirrus cl\ds4 ,sunlight filt]+ ?r\gh su* an ice fog is reflect$ 9 ea* cry/al s t a patt]n ( bright spots ( light =ms 9 ! sky1 an image ( ! sun t sometimes rivals ! sun itself 9 brilliance4 ,^! images are call$ mock suns1 sundogs1 or p>helia :5 !y accompany ! sun 7& mock moons1 moondogs1 or p>asel5ae :5 !y accompany ! moon74 ,!y appe> 9 ! sky at a position a giv5 di/ance f ! sun & usually h a trace ( r$ on ! edge ne>e/ ! sun4 ,occasionally a sundog makes a complete circle ( light surr\nd+ ! sun ) f\r bright pat*es1 "o above1 "o bel[1 & "o on ei!r side4 ,sometimes two circles w appe>1 "o )9 ! o!r1 surm\nt$ by an inv]t$ arc & trav]s$ by a cross1 l ! spokes ( a :eel ^: c5t] is ! sun4 ,! complicat$ /ructure ( a fully develop$ mock sun--:i* is extremely r>e--c sugge/ to ! imag9ative an enorm\s *>iot 9 ! sky & c t]rify ! sup]/iti\s4 ,!re is little d\bt t ?is ph5om5on inspir$ ! two visions ( ,ezekiel describ$ 9 ! ,bible4 ,mock suns h be5 ! cause ( _m ,,ufo sight+s4 ,ev5 aft] sev]al publications see ,,xii-#a;a expla9$ h[ ! sun reflect$ f ice cry/als c\ld acc\nt = "s ( ! report$ fly+ sauc]s1 ?is idea 0 l>gely ignor$ by e>ly inve/igators :o _h a limit$ tra9+ 9 ! physical sci5ces4 ,sundogs are relatively uncommon4 ,few airm51 ev5 ^? ) long exp]i5ce1 h le>n$ to recognize !m4 ,9 a poll ( bo? comm]cial & milit>y pilots1 ,dr4 ,m5zel f\nd t only "o 9 five knew :at a sundog 0 & h[ x might look 9 ! sky4 ,two ( ?ree g5]als 9 ! ,air ,=ce1 simil>ly1 7 unfamili> ) ! ph5om5on4 ,l balloons1 sundogs h a silv]y metallic %e54 ,:5 obs]v$ f ! gr\nd1 !y seem to hov] or move v sluggi%ly2 to a witness 9 ! air !y seem to move rapidly1 to pace ! plane1 or to take evasive action z ?\gh "u intellig5t control4 ,:5 en\gh data are available1 & ! "t ( day & ! position ( ! unkn[n relative to ! sun are appropriate1 a mock sun %\ld be consid]$ z a possible explanation ( ! ,,ufo4 ,a sundog se5 f a plane c sugge/ a spectacul> & fanta/ic /ructure1 l ! "o report$ ov] ,rheims1 ,france1 at #b3cj ,p4,m4 local "t on ,m>* #ca1 #aifj4 ,! pilot & crew ( a ,c-#dg plane describ$ ! unkn[n z l a gigantic spool ( ?read "s twelve feet tall4 ,! neck ( ! spool1 ab\t six feet 9 diamet]1 seem$ to be capp$ at top & bottom by disks eight or t5 feet 9 diamet]4 ,! upp] disk 0 r$di%1 ! l[]1 blue-gre54 ,! plane 0 fly+ at #fjjj feet & _h j pass$ f a /orm area into a region ( calm ) unlimit$ visibility4 ,! ,,ufo rema9$ 9 view = ab\t sixty seconds1 !n sudd5ly vani%$4 ,f an analysis ( ! data1 ! position ( ! unkn[n relative to ! sun & ! obs]v]s1 & ! wea!r situation1 ,air ,=ce inve/igators positively id5tifi$ ! object z a mock sun,,xii-#a4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rec5t sight+s ( ?is type occurr$ on ,octob] #b1 #aifa1 a few m9utes aft] noon,,xii-#a4 ,a civilian pilot :o 0 j tak+ (f f ! ,utah ,c5tral ,airport at ,salt ,lake ,city notic$ a bright silv]y disk 9 ! air ahead ( 8 plane4 ,he suppos$ x to be ano!r aircraft cross+ 8 c\rse4 ,:5 he 0 air-borne1 he 0 surpris$ to f9d t ! object1 n[ an elongat$ p5cil %ape1 /ill appe>$ 9 ! same position :]e he _h fir/ se5 x & h5ce c\ld n be a plane4 ,puzzl$1 he radio$ ! control t[] & report$ ! ,,ufo4 ,look+ s\? z direct$ by ! pilot1 ! t[] op]ator easily f\nd ! object1 a bright spot 9 ! sky directly bel[ ! sun & app>5tly hov]+ ov] ! t[n ( ,provo1 =ty miles to ! s\?4 ,decid+ to inve/igate1 ! pilot left ! traffic patt]n & />t$ directly s\? aft] ! ,,ufo4 ,x seem$ to be /&+ practically /ill 9 ! sky1 ) a little rock+ motion1 at an altitude ( #fejj to #gjjj feet4 ,he seem$ to h approa*$ )9 ?ree to five miles :5 ! ,,ufo sudd5ly %ot up 8l an elevator0 & retreat$ rapidly s\?1 z ?\gh tak+ evasive action4 ,! accel]ation 0 trem5d\s1 almo/ z ?\gh ! ,,ufo _h be5 fir$ f a rocket1 b !re 0 no vapor trail & no s\nd4 ,x !n disappe>$1 gradually4 8,x j fad$ out4 ,i kept my eyes glu$ "r on x because ,i c\ld see x 0 mov+ away at a great spe$4 ,i want$ to see h[ long x w\ld take & x 0 j a second or two until x _h fad$ completely4 ,& x 0 gett+ small] all ! "t1 y c\ld see x 0 mov+ away40 ,! spe$ ( dep>ture1 ! pilot e/imat$1 mu/ h be5 ?\s&s ( miles an h\r4 ,al]t$ by ! pilot's message to ! control t[]1 sev]al p]sons on ! gr\nd at ! ,salt ,lake ,city airport1 mo/ ( !m ) exp]i5ce z pilots1 _h also be5 wat*+ ! ,,ufo4 ,gr\nd obs]v]s at ! ,provo airport1 also al]t$1 7 n able to locate ! unkn[n1 ev5 ?\gh !y _h be5 told x 0 almo/ directly ov]head4 ,inve/igators f a ne>by ,air ,=ce ,base int]view$ ! witnesses1 :o 7 obvi\sly compet5t & reliable4 ,all agre$ t ! unkn[n _h be5 a bright1 silv]y1 metallic-look+ object t seem$ to gli/5 or flick] 9 ! sun2 t x 0 r\ghly oval or indet]m9ate 9 %ape2 t x 0 solid & tangible1 b n a conv5tional aircraft or balloon2 t x made no s\nd1 %[$ no exhau/ or vapor trail2 t x 0 9 view r\ghly fifte5 m9utes1 & disappe>$ gradually by 8blott+ out0 or fad+4 ,all b "o ( ! witnesses agre$ t ! skies _h be5 absolutely cle> & cl\dless2 "o /at$ t1 al?\gh ! day 0 cle>1 a v slight haze exi/$ ov] ! m\nta9\s region :]e ! ,,ufo appe>$4 ,9 spite ( ?is g5]al agreem5t1 c]ta9 significant discrepancies became evid5t4 ,! pursu+ pilot /at$ t ! object _h mov$ up & away f him at incr$ible spe$1 z ?\gh x 7 controll$4 ,! gr\nd obs]v]s1 h[ev]1 did n see any movem5t by ! ,,ufo4 ,mo/ ( !m report$ t x rema9$ /ation>y z ?\gh x 7 susp5d$ 9 ! air2 a few said t x vani%$ at int]vals1 only to reappe> a few seconds lat] 9 ano!r place4 ,mo/ ( ! "t1 !y agre$1 x j hung 9 ! sky until x fad$ f view4 ,by analysis ( ^! clues1 ,,atic 0 able to solve ! my/]y4 ,accord+ to ! local wea!r bureau1 ! sky _h be5 cle> ) visibility unlimit$1 b !re _h be5 v ?9 cirrus cl\ds1 a lay] ( m9ute ice cry/als suitable = produc+ a mock sun4 ,a sundog w\ld also acc\nt = ! contradictory /atem5ts ab\t ! ,,ufo's motion4 ,s9ce ! gr\nd obs]v]s rema9$ 9 "o place1 _! position relative to ! sundog did n *ange & x seem$ to rema9 /ation>y4 ,! pilot1 h[ev]1 0 9 a mov+ plane & *ang+ 8 position relative to ! ,,ufo2 h5ce x seem$ to move rapidly away f him4 ,9 ! same way a ra9b[ seems /ation>y to a p]son :o m]ely /&s & wat*es x4 ,b if he beg9s to *ase x1 hop+ to cat* up & p]haps f9d ! leg5d>y pot ( gold1 ! ra9b[ seems to move away & elude its pursu]4 ,! pilot's belief t ! ,,ufo _h exhibit$ fanta/ic spe$ 01 accord+ to 8 own /atem5t1 an inf]5ce bas$ on ! fact t ! ,,ufo quickly dw9dl$1 became v small1 & vani%$4 ,x disappe>$1 h[ev]1 n because x 0 spe$+ away at ?\s&s ( miles an h\r1 b because ( a *ange 9 ! relative positions ( sun & ice cl\ds t produc$ ! sundog 9 ! fir/ place4 ,"o f9al po9t nail$ d[n ?is explanation4 ,! angul> di/ance betwe5 sun & ,,ufo 0 exactly t to be expect$ betwe5 sun & mock sun1 at t "t & place4 ,! details ( ?is sight+ obvi\sly %[ a /rik+ resemblance to "s ( ^? 9 ! ,mantell case 7p4 #cc71 9 :i* ! ,,ufo & ! sun _h ! same be>+ f ! pursu+ plane z 9 ! ,salt ,lake ,city incid5t4 ,) ! in=mation n[ available1 !re c be little d\bt t ,mantell 0 actually *as+ a ,skyhook balloon4 ,b 9 #aidh :5 s _m ( ! relevant facts 7 n kn[n1 ! sundog !ory 0 a reasonable solution & may /ill be ! correct "o4 ,bright ,spots on ,films ,a bright blur1 a r+ ( light1 or a circul> image some?+ l ! typical disk-%ap$ fly+ sauc] sometimes appe>s on a film1 mu* to ! surprise ( ! photograph]1 :o _h n notic$ any su* object :5 he took ! picture4 ,^! ,u,f,os are usually caus$ by reflections f unnotic$ drops ( moi/ure 9 ! air or by defects 9 ! cam]a itself 7see ,figure #ag74 ,if ! s\rce ( ! image is some?+ peculi>1 x may pose a real problem 7see ,plates ,v,i,i,ia & b74 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ag4 ,di/ort$ images produc$ on film by l5s defects4 ,a1 ,true image2 ,b1 image produc$ by poor l5s1 n well figur$2 ,c1 by a/igmatism2 ,d1 coma2 ,e1 (f-axis beam2 ,f1 (f-axis beam & coma4 ,on ,july #bd1 #aieg1 an ,am]ican t\ri/ 9 ,norway snapp$ a picture ( a gr\p ( h\ses on a cliff above ! seacoa/1 & 0 amaz$ to f9d "s "t lat] t ! pr9t %[$ a l>ge :ite1 d\ghnut-%ap$ object hov]+ 9 ! sky above ! coa/4 ,puzzl$ by ?is app>5t evid5ce ( a sauc] t _h be5 visible to ! cam]a b n to h]1 %e submitt$ ! facts to ,,atic inve/igators4 ,?or\gh /udy ( ! negative1 ! cam]a1 possible s\rces ( reflection 9 ! l&scape at ! "t ! photograph 0 tak51 all fail$ to acc\nt = ! my/]i\s intrud]4 ,obvi\sly n a cl\d1 ! image closely resembl$ a smoke r+1 b ! photograph] _h n be5 smok+ & !re 7 no s\rces ( smoke 9 ! neighborhood4 ,! exp]ts 7 baffl$ until "o ( !m ?\ght ( a new possibility & aga9 que/ion$ ! witness3 _h %e by any *ance be5 we>+ a r+ :5 %e took ! picture8 ,%e _h--a sp>kl+ diamond4 ,if ! angle ( ! sun1 ! direction %e 0 fac+1 & ! position ( h] r+ f+] 9 relation to ! cam]a l5s & to ! sun _h be5 exactly "r1 ! annul> image w\ld h be5 reflect$ into ! l5s at ! in/ant %e snapp$ ! picture4 ,! result+ bright r+ w\ld look exactly l ! ,,ufo t appe>$ on ! negative,,xii-#a 7see ,plate ,v,i,ib74 ,an unusually f9e l>ge ,,ufo ins]t$ itself into a photograph tak5 on ,febru>y #f1 #aiei1 ne> ,b\ld]1 ,colorado4 ,! witness _h sp5t ! aft]noon climb+ on ,flag/aff ,m\nta9 &1 ab\t #e3jj ,p4,m41 snapp$ a picture ( ! t[n ( ,b\ld]1 to ! s\!a/4 ,al?\gh he _h se5 no?+ unusual 9 ! sky or 9 ! air1 ! negative1 :5 develop$1 %[$ a small black blob t pr9t$ z a :ite1 lum9\s1 r\ghly sph]ical object--a typical fly+ sauc] 7see ,plate ,v,i,ia74 ,civilian sauc] inve/igators 9 ! area procur$ a copy ( ! photograph & s5t x to ,,nicap = evaluation4 ,! witness himself did n imm$iately assume t he _h photograph$ an int]planet>y space%ip hov]+ ov] ! city ( ,b\ld]2 in/ead1 he s5t a pr9t & a description ( ! circum/ances to ,dr4 ,m5zel1 :o 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! geography ( ,b\ld] & ,flag/aff ,m\nta94 ,dr4 ,m5zel sugge/$ t ! blob ( light c\ld h be5 produc$ by "s type ( reflection3 8,! sun appe>s to h be5 pretty l[ at ! "t4 ,is !re1 9 ! approximate position ( ! blob1 "s h\se ) a fairly l>ge w9d[ t c\ld h be5 reflect+ ! sun8 ,/& at approximately ! same spot & look ov] ! region ) a field glass4 ,a bright spot l ?is (t5 spreads enorm\sly on ! film4 ,y c see f ! picture t ! sun mu/ h be5 %9+ brilliantly4 ,! %ad[1 especially ( ! l>ge b>n on ! "r1 gives u "s idea ( ! height ( ! sun4 ,?is 0 9 ,febru>y1 & ! angle ( ! sun w n[ h *ang$4 ,please make ?is te/ & let me "k40 ,n until ! fir/ week ( ,may1 h[ev]1 0 ! witness able to repeat 8 excursion & make ! necess>y te/s4 ,us+ a copy ( 8 orig9al picture z a guide1 he 0 able to /& 9 ! exact spot f :i* he _h tak5 ! picture4 ,he !n realiz$ t ! ,law ,build+ ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,colorado /ood 9 ! place occupi$ by ! ,,ufo & t ! big d\ble w9d[ ( ! ,law ,build+ 0 at ! exact c5t]4 ,9 ,may no reflection appe>$1 b f calculations he f\nd t ! position ( ! ,febru>y sun 0 su* t ! w9d[1 :5 op5 at j ! "r tilt1 w\ld reflect ! sun's image to ! exact spot on ,flag/aff ,m\nta9 f :i* he took ! picture4 ,! image ( ! reflect$ sun is extremely bright & ! film _h be5 ov]expos$3 !re=e ! image _h spread on ! film to create ! l>ge ,,ufo4 ,to confirm ! hypo!sis1 ! witness tri$ ov]pr9t+ ! negative s t ! entire picture came out practically black1 & ) successively long] exposures ! size ( ! bright ,,ufo dim9i%$4 ,z he got x d[n to ! smalle/ size on ! blacke/ pr9t1 he c\ld see ! fuzzy outl9e ( a w9d[,,xii-#b4 ,unfamili> ,lights on ,planes ,9 ! spr+ ( #aifa1 a lead+ sauc] publication /at$ t unid5tifi$ objects 7 /ill survey+ ! e>? & cit$1 among o!r cases1 a bright ,,ufo se5 maneuv]+ ! night ( ,m>* #bc ne> ,=t ,pi]ce1 ,florida,,xii-#c4 ,! report fail$ to m5tion t unid5tifi$ lights 7 se5 on sev]al o!r nights dur+ t week 9 ! skies ov] ,jacksonville1 ,miami1 & ,cocoa-,titusville1 z well z ov] ,=t ,pi]ce4 ,newspap] (fices & radio /ations 9 ! area receiv$ _m telephone qu]ies ab\t ! my/]i\s lights1 :i* 7 obs]v$ f ! gr\nd & f ! air = p]iods ( "t rang+ f five m9utes to an h\r4 ,! descriptions %[$ an impressive consi/5cy3 ! ,,ufo 0 a r\nd1 tw9kl+ light ) a r$ or orange color *ang+ to :ite1 & exhibit$ a bobb+ up-&-d[n motion z x swept across ! horizon4 ,9 all sight+s ! wea!r 0 cle> & ! visibility excell5t4 ,on ! night ( ,m>* #bd an ,ea/]n ,airl9es pilot report$ ! ,,ufo to ! ,miami ,traffic ,control4 ,an obs]v] 9 ! control t[] at ! airport c\ld see ! object1 b lo/ sight ( x :5 he took up a plane to *ase x4 ,on ! foll[+ night ! ,cocoa-,titusville ,airport report$ a simil> object4 ,a pilot 9 ! air sight$ ! unkn[n &1 ab\t an h\r lat]1 enc\nt]$ a turbul5ce unlike any?+ he _h exp]i5c$ 9 sixte5 ye>s ( fly+4 ,cruis+ 9 ! region ! next day1 he obs]v$ a burn$-out area on ! gr\nd bel[ ! place :]e ! ,,ufo _h be54 ,on ! night ( ,m>* #bg1 a gr\nd obs]v] wat*$ ! unkn[n ?r\gh b9ocul>s z x mov$ rapidly f we/ to nor? & gradually disappe>$ 9 ! nor?we/4 ,mo/ ( ^! witnesses 7 vet]an airm51 well able to recognize conv5tional ph5om5a 9 ! night sky4 ,/udy+ _! reports1 (ficials at ,patrick ,air ,=ce ,base decid$ t ! simil>ity ( ! descriptions w>rant$ fur!r inve/igation4 ,9 ! prelim9>y /udy1 an ,intellig5ce (fic] took up a ,b-#eg aircraft 9 ! vic9ity ( ,=t ,pi]ce1 :ile gr\nd rad> at ,patrick ,air ,=ce ,base kept 8 plane "u con/ant surveillance4 ,at #g3bj ,p4,m41 :5 at #be1jjj feet1 he saw ! ,,ufo1 a :ite light ?ree times bright] ?an ! brighte/ />4 ,x appe>$ 9 ! we/]n sky & 0 mov+ nor? to s\?4 ,:5 view$ ) ! nak$ eye1 ! light look$ l a /> t dimm$ & bright5$ 9 a regul> cycle2 ?r\gh b9ocul>s x also display$ ! r$ & gre5 navigation lights ( a plane4 ,soon aft] ! visual sight+1 ! gr\nd rad> in=m$ ! inve/igat+ pilot t ! object 0 approximately fifty nautical miles f 8 plane & 0 a jet airl9] b\nd = ,miami2 ! jet 0 obs]v$ = approximately t5 m9utes z x desc5d$ t[>d ! ,miami airport4 ,! inve/igat+ plane rema9$ 9 ! air &1 ab\t five m9utes aft] ! jet _h l&$1 obs]v$ a second1 simil>1 high-int5sity light t appe>$ 9 ! we/]n sky1 mov+ f nor? to s\?4 ,! rad> at ! ,miami air-traffic control c5t] positively id5tifi$ ?is light z a ,delta ,airl9e jet1 ,flight #hcc1 proce$+ s\!a/4 ,f ^! facts ! (fic]s conclud$ t ! ,u,f,os se5 9 ,florida t week _h be5 produc$ by comm]cial jet airl9]s,,xii-#a4 ,two que/ions rema9$3 ,h[ _h ! exp]i5c$ pilots & gr\nd obs]v]s fail$ to recognize s famili> a ph5om5on z a night-fly+ jet8 ,:at acc\nt$ = ! unprec$5t$ turbul5ce exp]i5c$ by "o pilot1 & ! burn$-ov] gr\nd bel[ ! region ( ! sight+8 ,! fir/ "q 0 soon answ]$4 ,,atic inve/igators telephon$ ! ,f$]al ,aviation ,ag5cy & le>n$ t exp]im5ts ) a new type ( anti-collision beacon 7 be+ c>ri$ out f v>i\s field (fices1 & t sev]al jet airl9]s z well z "s turboprop aircraft 7 us+ ! new light4 ,! /&>d beacon 0 a rotat+ sodium light1 ^: color is yell[4 ,! new beacon 0 an int5se :ite light :i*1 view$ at a slant1 becomes a spectacul> ph5om5on ev5 m brilliant ?an ,v5us or ,jupit] se5 ris+ or sett+ ?r\gh a hazy atmosph]e4 ,s9ce ! witnesses 7 n famili> ) ! appe>ance ( ! exp]im5tal beacons1 !y _h n recogniz$ ! newly equipp$ jets4 ,! answ] to ! second "q came lat]1 an example ( ! 8luck0 requir$ to solve "s ( ^! ,,ufo puzzles4 ,major ,w4 ,t4 ,coleman1 !n ,air ,=ce ,in=mation ,(fic] = ! ,,ufo project1 0 fly+ ov] ! ,=t ,pi]ce region on ! aft]noon ( ,april #bi 9 calm1 cle> wea!r :5 8 plane ran into mod]ate turbul5ce ( ! %ort-wave type1 8l rid+ 9 a c> ov] a wa%bo>d road40 ,! w9d-%e> compon5t 0 n l>ge en\gh to expla9 ! turbul5ce1 & ?\gh a cold front 0 approa*+ f ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 x 0 /ill f> out on ! edge ( ! we/]n horizon4 ,!n1 be+ a native ( ,florida1 he sudd5ly rememb]$ t muck fires 7 fairly common 9 ! ,ev]glades region1 :i* lay bel[ ! plane4 ,pe]+ d[n at ! glades1 he notic$ a v l>ge muck fire4 ,he conclud$3 8,n[1 z typical ) a cold front situation1 ! surface w9d 0 bl[+ f ! ea/ pu%+ ! smoke & heat t[>d ! we/ coa/ ( ,florida4 ,?is relatively w>m air naturally 0 lift+ 9 ! surr\nd+ cool air4 ,:5 ! cont9u+ w>m air rose rapidly to ! high] altitudes x ran into ! rev]s$ upp] w9ds 7high altitude we/]ly74 ,9 ! process ( be+ lift$ ! smoke filt]$ & cle>$1 yet ! air rema9$ relatively heat$4 ,x 0 mov$ directly across our c\rse1 !reby caus+ turbul5ce40,,xii-#d ,! fires expla9$ bo? ! turbul5ce report$ dur+ ! week ( ! ,,ufo sight+s & ! burn$-out area bel[ ! region ( turbul5ce4 ,?us ^! ,florida ,u,f,os 7 n spacecraft wat*+ ! e>?1 b 7 a special effect creat$ by ! *ance comb9ation ( unrelat$ factors3 a new & unfamili> anti-collision beacon1 an advanc+ cold front1 & fires 9 ! ,florida swamps4 ,inv]sions 9 ,cali=nia ,an unusually complex comb9ation ( ev5ts produc$ an epidemic ( ,,ufo sight+s 9 nor!rn ,cali=nia dur+ ! week ( ,augu/ #ab to #bj1 #aifj4 ,ne>ly e night doz5s ( reliable citiz5s ?r\gh\t ,tehama ,c\nty & ! ,m\nt ,%a/a region 7long fam\s = its my/]i\s lights7 report$ ,u,f,os at v>i\s times & ( v>i\s descriptions3 r\nd1 bright1 metallic ,u,f,os gl[+ ) a r$di%-purple fluoresc5t type ( light1 cig>-%ap$ ,u,f,os trail+ a long fi]y exhau/1 oval ,u,f,os ) r$ lights at ea* end & :ite lights 9 betwe51 yell[-color$ ,u,f,os l a fly+ railroad c> ) fla%+ r$ lights at ea* end & :ite lights gl[+ at ! w9d[s4 ,radios ro>$ ) /atic & rad> sets 7 plagu$ ) phantoms1 z ! /ate 0 app>5tly invad$ by a :ole fleet ( patroll+ sauc]s4 ,! mo/ important factor 9 ^! sight+s 0 ! wea!r2 prolong$ & ext5sive temp]ature inv]sions prevail$ 9 ! area all t week4 ,f s\!rn ,oregon ?r\gh nor!rn ,cali=nia multiple inv]sions ( #c to #ah degrees occurr$ nightly4 ,"u ^! conditions1 practically any light %9+ into ! night 0 apt to be project$ upw>d z a mirage & to p]=m weird antics4 ,det]m9+ :at 0 ! p>ticul> light s\rce ( "s specific ph5om5on is almo/ impossible4 ,z complicat+ factors1 c]ta9 heav5ly bodies made _! own contribution to ! excitem5t4 ,mo/ ( ! objects obs]v$ late at night & wat*$ = p]iods ( "o to ?ree h\rs 7 refract$ images ( ! />s ,capella or ,aldeb>an or ! planet ,m>s4 ,"s ( ! mo/ spectacul> sight+s 7 ^? report$ f ,r$ ,bluff on ! night ( ,augu/ #ac-ad4 ,two highway patrolm5 7 *as+ a spe$+ motorcycle :51 at ab\t #aa3ej ,p4,m4 ,p4,d4,s4,t41 !y saw :at !y at fir/ suppos$ to be a brilliantly light$ aircraft fall+ directly t[>d !m4 ,jump+ out ( _! c>1 !y wat*$ ! object z x app>5tly rev]s$ its c\rse1 %ot upw>d1 & began to p]=m fanta/ic maneuv]s 9 ! ea/]n sky4 ,! p]=mance cont9u$ = m ?an two h\rs4 ,be=e x end$1 a second ,,ufo _h jo9$ 9 ! cele/ial dance1 :i* 0 obs]v$ by doz5s ( excit$ witnesses 9 ! ,r$ ,bluff area4 ,air ,=ce bases 9 ! neighborhood 7 notifi$1 & ,,atic inve/igators ga!r$ & /udi$ ! evid5ce4 ,!re 0 no real my/]y,,xii-#a4 ,! ,,ufo fir/ notic$ by ! patrolm5 0 probably ! /> ,capella1 :i* at ,r$ ,bluff is circumpol>2 x rose at #aj3ej ,p4,m4 & at ! "t ( ! sight+ 0 ab\t #d4g degrees above ! nor!a/ horizon4 ,ab\t an h\r lat] 7#ab3dh ,a4,m47 ,m>s rose1 also 9 ! nor!a/2 & close beh9d x 7#a3ae ,a4,m47 came ! bright /> ,aldeb>an1 :i* made a /rik+ pair ) ,m>s4 ,) ?ree brilliant heav5ly bodies j above ! horizon1 on a night ( fanta/ic multiple inv]sions ( temp]ature & humidity1 ! only surpris+ fact is t ! numb] ( ,u,f,os report$ 0 n l>g]4 ,a p]son :o has nev] be5 lucky en\gh to see a good mirage may feel skeptical ab\t ! ph5om5on4 ,b ^? :o h enc\nt]$ a fir/-rate specim5--= example1 ! ,*icago skyl9e susp5d$ upside d[n 9 mid-air above ,lake ,mi*igan--"k h[ />tl+ly real x c seem4 ,:5 ! s\rce ( ! mirage is n app>5t1 ! displac$ image c seem my/]i\s & ev5 fright5+1 z d _m ,u,f,os4 ,"o su* ph5om5on1 :i* might easily h be5 int]pret$ z a fly+ sauc]1 appe>$ %ortly aft] d>k "o ev5+ 9 mid-,july1 #aied1 & 0 describ$ by ,dr4 ,m5zel 9 a lett] to a fri5d3 8,my wife & ,i 7 driv+ to ,alamosa1 ,colorado1 on "o ( ! longe/1 /raighte/ /ret*es ( highway 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 commonly ref]r$ to z ! #8gun-b>rel highway4' ,i _h turn$ ov] ! :eel to h] & 0 settl+ back = a re/1 aft] a long turn at driv+ ov] ! m\nta9s1 :5 ,i became aw>e ( unusual driv+ behavior on h] "p4 ,fir/ %e w\ld /ep on ! gas1 !n on ! brake1 !n on ! gas aga94 #8,:at is ! matt]8 ,:at are y try+ to d8' ,i ask$4 #8,see t truck ahead8' %e repli$4 #8,e "t ,i try to pass x1 x spe$s up1 & !n x sl[s d[n :5 ,i try to give x a *ance to get ahead ( me4 ,x's mak+ me n]v\s4' 8,i pe]$ ahead ?r\gh ! d>kness & !re1 sure en\gh1 ab\t ?ree hundr$ feet ahead ( u 0 a truck1 its d>k body brilliantly outl9$ ) r$ & :ite lights4 ,i /udi$ ! situation & glanc$ at ! spe$omet]1 :i* read =ty miles p] h\r4 #8,well1' ,i advis$ h]1 #8y c]ta9ly ought to be able to pass t1 de>1 ! way y usually drive4' ,& ?is "t %e really /epp$ on ! gas1 pu%+ ! spe$ up to sixty1 sev5ty1 eighty1 & f9ally eighty-five4 ,& w\ld y believe x1 t truck took "r out ahead1 /ill hold+ its e/imat$ ?ree hundr$ feet cle>ance1 & mat*$ u = e mile ( t spe$4 ,by ?is "t ,i 0 beg9n+ to get an idea4 #8,sl[ d[n1' ,i said4 ,my wife oblig$ me by com+ to a dead /op1 brakes squeal+4 8#8,n[ see !re1' %e said1 #8,i j escap$ runn+ into t truck4' ,& ! truck _h /opp$1 /ill #cjj feet ahead4 ,at ?is po9t ,i v5tur$ my conclusion4 #8,t isn't a truck1' ,i expla9$4 #8,x's a fly+ sauc]4' #8,y h fly+ sauc]s on ! bra91' %e said4 ,well1 to %ort5 ! /ory1 %e />t$ ! c> aga9 & ! #8truck' mov$ (f4 ,& we *as$ x 9 t fa%ion = ab\t fifty miles4 ,on r>e occasions1 z we dipp$ slightly 9 a holl[1 ! truck w\ld seem to da% ahead at spe$s close to #ajjj miles an h\r4 ,or sometimes x w\ld jump /raight up1 mom5t>ily vani%1 & !n drop back into ! road4 8,! explanation 0 q simple4 ,! hot day _h w>m$ ! air close to ! pavem5t1 b ! cool+ ( ! surface at ! onset ( d>kness _h caus$ a lay] ( w>m air to be s&wi*$ 9 betwe5 ! cold air close to ! road surface & ! cold air above4 ,?is act$ l a l5s :i* produc$ an out-(-focus image ( a bright tav]n sign m ?an fifty miles away1 a real mirage4 ,!re 7 few c>s on ! road1 b z we met !m ! effect 0 mo/ />tl+ because "s ( !m 7 s enl>g$ by ! l5s effect t a c> five miles away seem$ to be ru%+ directly at u only a block or two ahead4 ,sometimes ^! c>s w\ld appe> to come to a %>p /op1 rev]se _! c\rse & disappe> 9 ! di/ance4 ,at o!r times !y w\ld appe> to be ru%+ on u upside d[n1 ) "p ( ! road itself 9 ! sky4 ,altoge!r x 0 a weird exp]i5ce1 b n 9 any s5se sup]natural4 ,l5ses ( air1 ei!r close to ! gr\nd or 9 ! sky1 c produce /range illusions40 ,9 ?is case1 z 9 _m ,,ufo puzzles1 ! solution dep5d$ on a k ( ! wea!r conditions & ( ! facts ( local geography4 ,if ! pursu+ c> _h turn$ (f ! road or /opp$ = ! night be=e rea*+ ! tav]n1 ! specific cause ( ! ph5om5on might /ill be a my/]y4 ,! ,*esapeake ,bay ,case ,two ( ! mo/ fam\s ,,ufo cases1 ! ,na%-,=t5b]ry & ! ,tombaugh sight+s1 h nev] be5 completely expla9$ ev5 ?\gh ! witnesses 7 unusually compet5t1 ! incid5ts fully describ$1 & ! basic facts n 9 dispute4 ,al?\gh ! probable type ( me*anism involv$ is cle> 9 ea* case1 det]m9+ specifically :at factors comb9$ 9 exactly :at way to produce ! ph5om5on has s f> prov$ impossible4 ,nei!r case1 h[ev]1 supports ! !ory t ! ,,ufo _h an extrat]re/rial orig94 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,july #ad1 #aieb1 a ,pan-,am]ican ,,dc-#d 0 fly+ f ,new ,york to ,miami1 c>ry+ t5 pass5g]s & a crew ( ?ree includ+ ,fir/ ,(fic] ,william ,b4 ,na% & ,second ,(fic] ,william ,h4 ,=t5b]ry4 ,z a pilot sp5d+ mu* ( 8 life 9 ! air1 ,capta9 ,na% _h long be5 int]e/$ 9 ! "q ( ,u,f,os1 & dur+ ! long night h\rs ( ov]-wat] flights he _h (t5 cut d[n ! cockpit lights to se>* ! sky4 ,9 five ye>s ( wat*+ he _h obs]v$ hundr$s ( meteors1 v>i\s types ( auroral display1 ! lights ( o!r aircraft1 & ! multicolor$ images ( />s & planets di/ort$ by refraction1 b he _h nev] se5 any unid5tifiable a]ial ph5om5on t appe>$ to be "u intellig5t control--until ?is p>ticul> night1 :5 he 0 n wat*+ = ,u,f,os4 ,%ortly aft] #h ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t4 ! plane 0 cruis+ on automatic pilot at ab\t #hjjj feet ov] ,*esapeake ,bay1 & approa*+ ,norfolk1 ,virg9ia4 ,! sun _h set & ! night 0 almo/ entirely d>k1 al?\gh ! coa/ l9e 0 /ill visible4 ,=t5b]ry1 sitt+ at ! "r z copilot1 0 mak+ 8 fir/ run on ?is p>ticul> c\rse & ,na%1 9 ! pilot's seat at ! left1 0 po9t+ out ! cities & l&m>ks ( ! r\te4 ,na% _h j call$ att5tion to ! lights ( ,newport ,news & ,cumb]l&1 ahead & to ! "r ( ! plane1 :5 at #h3ab a brilliant r$ gl[ sudd5ly appe>$ 9 ! we/1 app>5tly betwe5 ,newport ,news & ! aircraft1 & s l[ t x might almo/ h be5 on ! gr\nd4 ,"o ( ! m5 exclaim$1 z h s _m incr$ul\s witnesses on fir/ see+ a ,,ufo1 8,:at ! hell is t80 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ah4 ,report$ movem5ts ( ! ,*esapeake ,bay disks4 ,a1 ,disks at fir/ approa*2 ,b1 !y flip ov] & rev]se ord]2 ,c1 !y *ange direction & rec$e4 ,look+ ?r\gh ! front w9d[s ( ! cockpit1 !y wat*$ ! unid5tifi$ light travel+ nor!a/ at incr$ible spe$ on a horizontal c\rse r\ghly a mile bel[ ! plane4 ,almo/ imm$iately !y p]ceiv$ t ! unkn[n 0 actually a procession ( six r$-orange lights1 gl[+ l hot coals4 ,%oot+ =w>d l a /ream ( r$ trac] bullets1 ! l9e ( lights mov$ out ov] ,*esapeake ,bay until !y 7 only ab\t half a mile away f ! plane4 ,!y appe>$ to be %>ply def9$1 l>ge1 circul> disks1 arrang$ 9 a n>r[ e*elon =mation--l a set ( /airs tilt$ slightly to ! plane's "r1 ) ! lead] at ! l[e/ /ep1 ea* foll[+ disk slightly high] & to ! re>1 & ! la/ disk at ! highe/ po9t 7see ,figure #ah74 ,realiz+ t ! l9e 0 app>5tly go+ to pass "u ! plane at ! "r on ! copilot's side1 ,na% flipp$ (f 8 seat belt s t he c\ld move to ! w9d[ on t side4 ,dur+ ?is brief int]val he 0 n able to see ! objects1 b ,=t5b]ry kept !m 9 view4 ,z he lat] describ$ _! amaz+ behavior1 all ! disks simultane\sly turn$ up on edge1 l co9s1 s t ! gl[+ surfaces 7 tilt$ to ! "r4 ,/ill on edge1 !y sudd5ly rev]s$ _! relative places s t disk #a n[ occupi$ ! la/ place 9 l9e & disk #f became ! lead]4 ,?is %ift _h tak5 only a brief second & 0 complet$ by ! "t ,na% rea*$ ! w9d[4 ,bo? he & ,=t5b]ry !n obs]v$ ! disks flip back f ! on-edge to ! flat position4 ,9 ! same fraction ( a second1 ! entire l9e *ang$ direction z abruptly z a ball b\nc+ (f a wall & %ot away to ! we/ on a head+ ( #bgj degrees4 ,an in/ant lat] two simil> disks d>t$ out1 app>5tly f b5ea? ! plane1 & jo9$ ! l9e z numb]s #g & #h 7,figure #ah74 ,! lights rec$$ to ! we/1 sudd5ly disappe>$1 imm$iately reappe>$1 abruptly began a /eep climb to an altitude above t ( ! plane1 !n vani%$ n 9 sequ5ce b 9 r&om ord]4 ,! sight+ _h la/$ = a p]iod ( twelve to fifte5 seconds,,xii-#a1 ,,xii-#e1 ,,xii-#f1 ,,xii-#g4 ,aft] a quick *eck %[$ t no "o else 9 ! aircraft _h obs]v$ ! lights1 ! pilots radio$ a message to ! ,,caa /ation at ,norfolk = =w>d+ to ! ,norfolk ,navy ,base1 report+ eight unid5tifi$ objects travel+ at spe$s 9 excess ( #ajjj miles an h\r4 ,9 ,miami1 next morn+1 ,air ,=ce (ficials que/ion$ bo? witnesses4 ,accord+ to _! e/imates1 ! disks _h mov$ horizontally ab\t #bjjj feet above ! gr\nd until _! f9al climb & disappe>ance1 7 ab\t #ajj feet 9 diamet]1 & ab\t #ae feet ?ick4 ,s9ce !y app>5tly travel$ fifty miles dur+ ! twelve to fifte5 seconds !y 7 9 view1 _! velocity w\ld h be5 #fjjj to #ab1jjj miles an h\r4 ,intellig5ce (ficials fir/ *eck$ ! air traffic4 ,five jets f ,langley ,air ,=ce ,base1 ne> ,newport ,news1 _h be5 9 ! region at ! "t ( ! sight+1 b !y 7 rul$ out z an explanation = ! disks4 ,bo? pilots 7 in=m$ t sev5 o!r p]sons1 app>5tly on ! gr\nd1 _h report$ unkn[n lights 9 ! ,norfolk area2 ! ,air ,=ce files conta9 no record ( ^! reports & x is probable t "s1 at lea/1 ( ^! p]sons mi/ook ! sunset-r$d5$ jet trails = ,u,f,os4 ,few sight+s ( unid5tifi$ a]ial ph5om5a h be5 m cle>ly describ$4 ,bo? witnesses 7 exp]i5c$ pilots4 ,na% _h fl[n m ?an #aj1jjj h\rs at altitudes ( #gjjj to #hjjj feet & _h held ! rank ( capta9 = eight ye>s4 ,bo? m5 _h be5 tra9$ to obs]ve accurately1 to *eck & d\ble-*eck e factor t might affect safe fly+1 & to reg>d ! ^w 8assume0 z a pot5tial kill]4 ,!y %>$ ! attitude ( all cauti\s airm53 8,9 ,god we tru/--ev]yone else1 we *eck40,,xii-#e ,unlike _m ,,ufo descriptions1 _! report di/+ui%$ rigor\sly betwe5 fact & inf]5ce1 & x includ$ ! exact "t ( ! sight+ z well z ! position1 height1 spe$1 & direction ( flight ( _! plane4 ,us+ a k9d ( 8in/9ct-judgm5t0 gradually develop$ dur+ _! _m h\rs 9 ! air1 !y _h made c>eful e/imates ( ! position1 height1 spe$1 & direction ( flight ( ! unkn[ns4 ,nev]!less1 no reasonable explanation ( ! disks 0 f\nd4 ,at ! "t ( ?is incid5t fly+ sauc]s _h be5 big news = _m weeks4 ,bo? ,life & ,look magaz9es _h rec5tly publi%$ s]i\s discussions ( ! possibility t fly+ sauc]s came f o!r planets1 & newspap]s 7 pr9t+ doz5s ( reports ( weirdly gl[+ ma*9es trail+ fi]y exhau/s1 /reak+ ?r\gh ! air at meteoric spe$s 7see ,*apt] ,,vii74 ,at ,,atic1 ! small /aff ( n9e m5 0 swamp$ ) sauc] reports1 f> m ?an !y c\ld deal ) prop]ly1 & "s ( ! inve/igators 7 privately conv9c$ t ,u,f,os did come f out] space,,xii-#f4 ,= ^? or o!r reasons1 ! ,norfolk sight+ unque/ionably receiv$ a less adequate /udy ?an w\ld a simil> incid5t today4 ,! case 0 dropp$ & fil$ z an ,unkn[n4 ,! incr$ible velocity & in/antane\s *ange ( c\rse report$ 7 obvi\sly impossible = any e>?ly vehicle2 no kn[n metal c\ld h escap$ be+ melt$ by ! frictional heat produc$ dur+ s swift a passage ?r\gh ! d5se atmosph]e at #bjjj feet1 & no human fle% & bone c\ld h surviv$ ! sma%+ in]tial =ces involv$ 9 ! in/antane\s *ange ( direction4 ,na% & ,=t5b]ry frankly /at$ _! own conviction3 8,?\gh we don't "k :at !y 71 :at !y 7 do+ "h or :]e !y came f1 we are c]ta9 9 our own m9ds t !y 7 intellig5tly op]at$ craft f some:]e o!r ?an ?is planet40,,xii-#g ,a ,possible ,explanation ( ! ,na%-,=t5b]ry ,disks ,9 ! hope ( solv+ ! my/]y1 ev5 ?\gh a decade has pass$1 ! au?ors ( ?is book h made a ?or\gh /udy ( ! available evid5ce & pres5t ! results 9 ! pages t foll[4,d ,d ,we wi% to ?ank ,pr(essor ,c4 ,a4 ,maney & ,capta9 ,w4 ,b4 ,na% = _! g5]\s help ) ?is problem4 ,al?\gh !y d n agree ) our conclusions1 ,pr(essor ,maney has k9dly made available c]ta9 useful docum5ts & ,capta9 ,na% 9 a l5g?y correspond5ce has pati5tly answ]$ a great _m que/ions ( detail4 ,:5 puzzl+ obs]vations 9 a laboratory seem to po9t to a conclusion t contradicts ! ma9 body ( sci5tific k1 ! rese>*] fir/ tries to repeat ! exp]im5t & duplicate ! obs]vations4 ,if ?is is impossible1 z ) ! ,*esapeake ,bay ph5om5a1 he next re-exam9es ! assumptions on :i* ! conclusion is bas$4 ,! belief t ! ,u,f,os _h an extrat]re/rial orig9 is bas$ *iefly on two assumptions3 fir/1 t ! e/imates ( ! disks' size1 di/ance1 & spe$ 7 reasonably accurate2 & second1 t ! disks 7 solid objects4 ,if ei!r assumption is uns\nd1 ! extrat]re/rial !ory is unnecess>y & ! incid5t becomes mu* less ( a puzzle4 ,bo? witnesses 7 able & exp]i5c$ obs]v]s4 ,nev]!less _! det]m9ations ( di/ance & size1 & h5ce ( spe$1 are op5 to "q because ( ! v fact t ! disks 7 unid5tifi$ ph5om5a4 ,angul> e/imates are usually reliable :5 an obs]v] is judg+ ! position & spe$ ( o!r kn[n aircraft mov+ 9 ! sky4 ,b :5 ! mov+ object is a /range "o & is se5 aga9/ an empty sky or flat gr\nd conta9+ no /&>ds ( comp>ison1 e/imates ( actual size mean v little4 ,! ability to judge di/ance dep5ds l>gely on ! b9ocul> vision ( ! obs]v]'s eyes1 sep>at$ by a span ( ab\t #b4e in*es4 ,focus$ on an object at #cjj feet1 !y subt5d an angle ( ab\t "o =tie? ( a degree1 less ?an "o t5? ! diamet] ( ! full moon4 ,?is is a physiological fact1 & means t if ! obs]v] is m ?an #cjj feet away f an object ( unkn[n size1 he _c det]m9e its di/ance accurately unless he kn[s h[ l>ge x is or unless he c comp>e x ) a kn[n object4 ,us+ angul> e/imates1 ! witnesses 9 ! ,*esapeake ,bay case calculat$ t at ! po9t ( close/ approa* ! disks 7 a mile l[] ?an ! plane & ab\t half a mile to ! nor?--a di/ance ( r\ghly #gjjj feet4 ,m5tally comp>+ _! appe>ance ) t ( a ,,dc-#c aircraft at ?is di/ance1 ! obs]v]s arriv$ at an e/imate ( size--^: accuracy dep5ds on hav+ a kn[n di/ance4 ,! circul>ity ( ?is process indicates ! weakness ( all ! e/imates giv54 ,ev5 ! mo/ skillful obs]v] _c accurately judge ! di/ance ( an unid5tifi$ object :5 he does n "k its true size1 & he _c judge ! size unless he kn[s its actual di/ance4 ,ov] ,norwi*1 ,connecticut1 on ,may #ae1 #aifb1 a cl\dless day ) p]fect visibility1 a ,navy aircraft & a comm]cial-airl9es plane report$ a ne> collision at ab\t #gjjj feet4 ,! ,navy pilot fil$ a compla9t1 /at+ t ! two planes _h miss$ ea* o!r by a di/ance ( only ab\t #fjj feet4 ,accord+ to ! comm]cial pilot1 :o did n file a compla9t1 ! planes _h _h a leeway ( ab\t #djjj feet--a m ?an sixfold diff]5ce6,,xii-#h4 ,?us good pilots c diff] widely 9 e/imat+ ! position ( objects 9 ! sky1 ev5 kn[n aircraft se5 9 full daylight4 ,) an unrecogniz$ ph5om5on se5 9 d>kness or 9 semid>kness1 z 9 ! ,*esapeake ,bay case1 good e/imates are impossible4 ,! extrat]re/rial conclusion dep5ds ev5 m /rongly on ! second assumption1 t ! ,u,f,os 7 mat]ial objects4 ,ne>ly e "p ( ! description is 9 direct conflict ) ?is idea4 ,! in/antane\s rev]sal ( c\rse1 = example1 if p]=m$ by solid objects1 %\ld h produc$ a %ock wave t w\ld h brok5 w9d[s 9 ,norfolk1 ,newport ,news1 & po9ts we/4 ,only "o obs]vation ev5 sugge/s t ! unkn[ns _h a mat]ial nature3 :5 ! disks flipp$ on edge !y seem$ to reveal bottom surfaces1 :i* w\ld indicate a solid body4 ,! witnesses specifically qualifi$ ?is /atem5t1 h[ev]1 by add+ t ?\gh !y _h ! impression t ! bottom surfaces 7 unlight$1 ! 8bottoms0 7 n cle>ly visible4 ,?us ! ?ree-dim5sional /ructure 0 n actually obs]v$1 b only inf]r$4 ,! night 0 d>k1 ! ,u,f,os 7 gl[+ l hot coals1 & 7 suppos$ly m ?an a mile away4 ,ev5 if ! disks _h be5 solid objects1 an obs]v] c\ld actually h se5 only a circul>-%ap$ light t sudd5ly n>r[$ to a v ?9 ellipse2 if he believ$ ! object to be solid1 he might inf] ! pres5ce ( o!r surfaces1 b a side edge #ae feet ?ick & an unlight$ bottom surface1 ev5 if !y _h exi/$1 w\ld n h be5 detectable4 ,( ! o!r obs]vations1 all are inconsi/5t ) ! !ory t ! ,u,f,os 7 mat]ial 9 nature4 ,all1 h[ev]1 are completely consi/5t ) ! !ory t ! disks 7 immat]ial images made ( light4 ,images made ( light c gl[ ) brilliant colors1 c %[ well-def9$ circul> %apes1 & c flip on edge4 ,s9ce !y are n subject to ! =ces ( gravity & in]tia1 !y c travel at incr$ible spe$1 *ange direction %>ply & in/antane\sly1 & p]=m all ( ! maneuv]s ascrib$ to ! ,u,f,os4 ,on ?is new assumption1 ! obs]vations become cr$ible & ! major "p ( ! my/]y vani%es4 ,only "o problem rema9s4 ,j exactly :at produc$ ! images8 ,( ! _m possible explanations1 we fir/ consid]$ ! simple/1 an a/ronomical s\rce4 ,! ,u,f,os appe>$ l[ 9 ! we/]n sky at #h3ab ,p4,m4 ,e4,s4,t41 ab\t =ty-five m9utes aft] sunset4 ,! night 0 d>k1 = ! moon _h j ent]$ its la/ qu>t] & did n rise until mu* lat]4 ,app>5tly ! only planet t c\ld h be5 involv$ 0 ,m]cury4 ,sett+ a little m ?an an h\r aft] ! sun1 x %\ld h be5 visible above ! we/]n horizon at ! "t ( ! sight+1 b s9ce x 0 n p>ticul>ly brilliant1 hav+ a magnitude ( a little m ?an #j4f1 we put aside ! a/ronomical !ory1 = ! mom5t1 z improbable4 ,we next explor$ ! possibility ( multiple reflections 9 ! glass w9d[s ( ! cockpit1 produc$ by a light s\rce inside ! plane 7su* z a cig>ette71 or 9 ! air outside 7su* z ! bright-r$ exhau/ trail ( "o ( ! jets 9 ! area74 ,l ! a/ronomical !ory1 ?is idea 0 set aside z improbable4 ,le>n+ to di/+ui% betwe5 a reflection & a real light se5 ?r\gh a cockpit w9d[ is "p ( e pilot's tra9+4 ,:5 he sees a /range light1 he automatically makes ! prop] *ecks4 ,fur!rmore1 ,na% & ,=t5b]ry _h obs]v$ ! disks ?r\gh ?ree sep>ate w9d[s hav+ diff]5t ori5tations4 ,accept+ ! ov]:elm+ probability t ! s\rce ( ! ,u,f,os 0 outside & bel[ ! aircraft1 we conclud$ t x 0 almo/ c]ta9ly on ! gr\nd4 ,! d5sely populat$ coa/al region ne> ,newport ,news & ,norfolk1 ) sev]al airfields & milit>y in/allations1 includ$ c\ntless possible s\rces su* z a se>*light1 an illum9at$ adv]tis+ sign1 an air beacon4 ,/ratifi$ cl\ds or inv]sion lay]s ( temp]ature &_/or humidity c\ld h multipli$ su* a light into a s]ies ( gl[+ disks 7see ,figure #ai74 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #ai4 ,se>*light %9+ on cl\ds4 ,a1 ,?r\gh slightly foggy or du/y atmosph]e1 light cone pla9ly visible2 ,b1 ?r\gh multiple ?9 cl\d lay]s & foggy or du/y atmosph]e2 ,c1 on cl\d lay] ?r\gh cle> atmosph]e1 no light cone visible2 ,d1 on multiple ?9 cl\d lay]s1 no light cone visible4 ,! s\ndness ( ?is !ory dep5d$ on ! prevail+ wea!r conditions4 ,accord+ to ! reports1 on ! night ( ,july #ad r\ghly a ?ird ( ! sky at #bj1jjj feet 0 cov]$ ) ?9 cirrus cl\ds1 practically invisible2 at l[] altitudes ! night 0 cl\dless & %>ply cle>1 !re 0 no app>5t haze1 visibility 0 unlimit$1 & no temp]ature inv]sion exi/$4 ,"u su* conditions ! sugge/$ me*anism w\ld obvi\sly n op]ate4 ,a m detail$ survey ( ! wea!r conditions1 h[ev]1 quickly %[$ t ?is picture 0 greatly ov]simplifi$4 ,at #h3ab1 ! "t ( ! sight+1 ! night _h already become q d>k4 ,yet ! sun _h set only =ty-five m9utes e>li] &1 accord+ to ! almanac1 twilight %\ld n h end$ until #i3ja local "t4 ,?us !re mu/ h be5 a d5se cl\d bank l[ 9 ! we/4 ,also1 accord+ to ,capta9 ,na%1 !re 0 probably "s un/able air1 :i* 9 itself indicates inequalities ( temp]ature &_/or humidity4 ,a ?or\gh /udy ( ! situation %[$ t inv]sions ( bo? temp]ature & humidity mu/ h be5 pres5t4 ,9 ! summ] ( #aieb all ! ea/]n /ates 7 suff]+ f an int5se heat wave & dr\ght1 & ! gr\nd cool$ rapidly aft] sunset1 because ( ! lack ( cl\d cov] dur+ ! day4 ,9 a p]iod ( heat & dr\ght1 ! nightly cool+ produces m>k$ inv]sions favorable to extreme refraction or reflection4 ,small 9 ext5t1 exi/+ only briefly 9 "o place1 con/antly *ang+ location1 su* inv]sions may n be detect$ by radiosonde obs]vations,,xii-#i4 ,dur+ ,july & ,augu/1 temp]ature inv]sions occurr$ almo/ e night 9 ! coa/al regions & acc\nt$ = ! rad> angels s frequ5tly obs]v$ 9 ! ,wa%+ton area dur+ ^? weeks 7see ,*apt] ,,viii74 ,! fact t ! sight+ occurr$ ov] ,*esapeake ,bay is significant4 ,a body ( wat] cools m sl[ly ?an ! l&1 & ! air ov] wat] is w>m] ?an t ov] l&4 ,! cool] air f ! l& is c>ri$ ov] ! wat] by convection curr5ts1 fl[s 9 & "u ! w>m air1 is heat$ by ! wat] & rises1 to be replac$ 9 turn by ! fur!r fl[ ( cold air f ! l&4 ,! air ov] a lake1 riv]1 or o!r body ( wat] also has a high] moi/ure cont5t ?an ov] ! l& & c =m an invisible haze4 ,all ^! facts lead inescapably to ! conclusion t %>p localiz$ discont9uities ( bo? temp]ature & humidity mu/ h exi/$ ov] ,*esapeake ,bay on ! night ! ,u,f,os appe>$4 ,a light on ! ,virg9ia coa/1 %9+ nor!a/ t[>d ! plane1 c\ld easily h be5 spread out into a s]ies ( images l ^? obs]v$4 ,a *ange 9 ! ori5tation ( ! light or a %ift 9 ! location ( ! inv]sion w\ld acc\nt = ! abrupt *ange ( c\rse made by ! disks4 ,s9ce ! plane 0 fly+ at a gr\nd spe$ ( ab\t #aie knots 7#bbe to #bej miles an h\r71 x w\ld h travel$ ab\t a mile dur+ ! twelve or fifte5 seconds ! disks 7 9 view4 ,?is di/ance w\ld h *ang$ ! relation betwe5 mov+ plane & /ation>y gr\nd light1 s t ! images w\ld no long] h be5 visible f ! plane4 ,by fly+ on1 ! witnesses left ! ph5om5on beh9d !m4 ,obvi\sly ?is solution does n id5tify ! p>ticul> beacon1 se>*light1 or o!r gr\nd light t produc$ ! ,*esapeake ,bay disks4 ,b x does (f] a highly probable explanation t is consi/5t ) all ! obs]vations & does n dep5d on ! pres5ce ( an extrat]re/rial spacecraft4 ,o!r ,u,f,os 9 8,/ack0 ,=mation ,a correspond5t has report$ a ,,ufo sight+ v simil> to ! ,norfolk case1 almo/ c]ta9ly produc$ by ! me*anism j describ$4 ,9 ! late spr+ ( #aiee a physici/1 ,mr4 ,z1 0 driv+ we/ on ! highway betwe5 ,dayton & ,yakima1 ,wa%+ton1 9 a region ( l[-ly+ hills4 ,! "t 0 %ortly aft] d>k2 ! sun _h set b !re 0 /ill a sugge/ion ( light 9 ! we/4 ,sudd5ly a l9e ( five gl[+ ,u,f,os appe>$ 9 ! we/]n sky1 app>5tly ?ree to five miles away1 travel+ ea/ at high spe$1 & accel]at+ z !y approa*$4 ,fly+ 9 a 8/ack0 ) ! lead+ sauc] on top1 ! individual sauc]s 7 ori5t$ 9 horizontal planes1 b ea* foll[] 0 l[] ?an & some:at beh9d its pr$ecessor s t ! entire =mation 0 8l a /ack ( pancakes0 lean+ at ab\t a #de-;degree angle t[>d ! direction ( flight4 7,note t ?is arrangem5t is ! rev]se analogue ( t ( ! ,*esapeake ,bay ,u,f,os47 ,! top sauc] advanc$ m rapidly ?an ! bottom "o1 s t z !y fla%$ ?r\gh ! sky at ! left ( ! obs]v] !y appe>$ to be 9 s+le file4 ,/>tl$1 he /opp$ 8 c> & got out to scan ! sky1 b ! sauc]s _h disappe>$4 ,"s fifte5 to tw5ty seconds lat] a simil> =mation appe>$ 9 ! we/4 ,z !y approa*$ he c\ld see t !y 7 ?91 flat disks1 gl[+ ) a :ite light1 %>ply def9$ & circul> 9 %ape1 & app>5tly fifty to a hundr$ feet 9 diamet]4 ,z !y pass$1 ! /ack aga9 spread out into s+le file4 ,:5 !y 7 app>5tly ab\t t5 miles ea/1 ! ?ree lead sauc]s sudd5ly disappe>$1 :ile ! two t _h be5 on ! bottom made a %>p turn to ! nor?1 z abruptly z balls b\nc+ (f a wall4 ,conclud+ t ! sauc]s might be images produc$ by an airfield beacon %9+ upw>d ?r\gh v ?9 horizontal cl\ds1 ! obs]v] cont9u$ to wat*4 ,!y reappe>$ aga9 & aga91 sometimes at ! correct int]val = an airfield beacon1 b sometimes delay+ = two or ?ree m9utes4 ,to expla9 _! occasional failure to appe> on s*$ule1 he reason$ t "s v d5se1 fa/-mov+1 l[-ly+ cl\ds mu/ lie 9 ! we/ betwe5 him & ! beacon1 s t sometimes ! light c\ld p5etrate to %9e on ! assum$ /ratifi$ lay]s ov]head1 & sometimes n4 ,aft] tw5ty m9utes or s1 ! appe>ance ( ! ph5om5on *ang$4 ,! top ?ree sauc]s m]g$ gradually into an indi/9ct blur1 :ile ! bottom two rema9$ %>p & di/9ct & cont9u$ to d>t abruptly to ! nor? j be=e disappe>+4 ,al?\gh ! obs]v] 0 n able to see ! v ?9 lay]s ( cl\d ov]head t w\ld be requir$ to acc\nt = ! %>ply def9$ %ape ( ! sauc]s1 he conclud$ t 8 explanation 0 ! mo/ reasonable "o,,xii-#aj4 ,9 ! ,norfolk sight+1 un=tunately1 ! witnesses c\ld n easily h rema9$ 9 "o place to wat* = a possible reappe>ance ( ! ,u,f,os4 ,if !y _h circl$ & fl[n back1 & _h be5 able to f9d ! exact location1 !y might h se5 ! disks aga94 ,! ,tombaugh ,rectangles ,a rem>kable ph5om5on obs]v$ 9 ,new ,mexico 9 ! summ] ( #aidi has rema9$ among ! mo/ puzzl+ ( ! ,unkn[ns4 ,z 9 ! ,*esapeake ,bay case1 ! facts are n 9 dispute4 ,! witness 0 an a/ronom]1 ,clyde ,tombaugh1 at t "t 9 *>ge ( ! optical in/rum5tation ( ! rocket-fir+ program at ! ,:ite ,s&s ,missile ,range4 ,he _h _h ?\s&s ( h\rs ( exp]i5ce 9 obs]v+ ! night sky & :5 /ill a /ud5t _h ga9$ fame1 aft] mon?s ( pati5t se>*+ ( photographic plates1 by locat+ ! image ( ! planet ,pluto ne> ! position long pr$ict$ = x by ,l[ell & ,pick]+4 ,on ! night ( ,augu/ #bj ,tombaugh 0 sitt+ ) 8 wife & 8 "m-9-law 9 ! y>d ( 8 home 9 ,las ,cruces1 wat*+ ! />s4 ,!re 0 no moon1 & ! transp>5cy ( ! sky 0 extraord9>y1 s t ev5 ! />s ( six? magnitude1 usually b>ely detectable by ! nak$ eye1 7 cle>ly visible4 ,ab\t #aj3de ,p4,m4 a geometrically spac$ gr\p ( six to eight rectangles ( light appe>$ almo/ directly ov]head4 ,( l[ lum9osity1 !y 7 8w9d[like0 9 appe>ance & yell[i%-gre5 9 color4 ,! individual rectangles 7 q small1 n wid] ?an f\r or five m9utes ( arc1 & ! entire gr\p cov]$ a span ( ab\t #a degree 7ab\t twice t ( ! full moon74 ,z !y mov$ noiselessly 9 a v]tical circle pa? t[>d ! s\?-s\!a/1 ! individual rectangles became =e%ort5$1 ! span ( ! gr\p became small]1 ! lights turn$ br[ni% & fad$ f view :5 #ce to #dj degrees above ! horizon4 ,!y _h be5 9 sight = ab\t ?ree seconds4 ,mrs4 ,tombaugh1 :o did n see ! lights until !y _h mov$ "s di/ance f ! z5i?1 obs]v$ !m = only ab\t #a seconds be=e !y disappe>$4 ,to h] !y seem$ a diffuse gre5i% gl[1 int]connect+ a span ( gre5i% spots ( light4 ,h] eyesight _h always be5 less acute ?an t ( h] husb&1 & !y attribut$ ! diff]5ce 9 _! descriptions to ?is diff]5ce 9 vision4 ,al?\gh ,tombaugh _h be5 too />tl$ to c\nt ! numb] ( rectangles or to note "s o!r features he wond]$ ab\t lat]1 he imm$iately record$ ! facts ( ! obs]vation1 sket*$ ! patt]n ( ! =mation1 & not$ 8 impression t ! lights _h be5 "p ( a rigid /ructure4 ,he add$1 8,i h done ?\s&s ( h\rs ( night sky wat*+1 b nev] saw a sight s /range z ?is40 ,a report ( ?is sight+ 0 =w>d$ to ,air ,=ce (ficials1 :o c\ld f9d no explanation4 ,,ufo en?usia/s unhesitat+ly pron\nc$ ! ph5om5on a huge fly+ sauc]--an int]pretation t ! witness himself nev] made4 ,! acc\nts giv5 to ! public un=tunately suff] f v>i\s di/ortions ( fact4 ,9 its ,cass&ra-l w>n+ ( possible visitors f o!r planets1 ,life magaz9e includ$ ! ,tombaugh sight+ z "o ( ! key cases & 9 a t5-s5t5ce description manag$ to include at lea/ six mis/atem5ts1 "s ( :i* add$ to ! 8uncanny0 nature ( ! incid5t4 ,accord+ to ?is summ>y,,xii-#aa ! ye> 0 #aidh 7x 0 #aidi72 ! "t 0 ab\t #aa3jj ,p4,m4 7x 0 #aj3de ,p4,m472 ! lights 7 travel+ s\? to nor? 7!y 7 mov+ nor?we/ to s\!a/72 ! object _h an oval %ape 7,tombaugh did n specify a %ape72 ! lights exhibit$ a gl>e 7!y 7 ( l[ lum9osity72 _! spe$ 0 too fa/ = a plane1 too sl[ = a meteor 7no e/imate ( spe$ 0 giv574 ,on a nationwide ,,tv %[ broadca/ 9 #aieh "o ( ! speak]s /at$ specifically t ,tombaugh _h obs]v$ a cig>-%ap$ object ) light$ por?oles,,xii-#ab4 ,an 8arti/'s conception0 ( ! ,,ufo 9 "o publication,,xii-#ac depicts a long1 tap]$ %ip ) a l9e ( light$ w9d[s1 :olly unrelat$ to ,tombaugh's own sket*1 :i* %[s no unify+ /ructure1 m]ely six small rectangles arrang$ z ?\gh ea* "o 7 at ! corn] ( a hexagon 7see ,figure #bj74 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #bj4 ,tombaugh's rectangles4 ,top1 :5 fir/ se5 at z5i?2 bottom1 a few seconds lat] at #ej above horizon4 7,bas$ on sket* by ,c4 ,w4 ,tombaugh47 ,:ile keep+ an op5 m9d on ! possibility ( int]planet>y travel1 ,tombaugh himself has nev] support$ ! space%ip int]pretation s (t5 attribut$ to him 9 pr9t b has consid]$ v>i\s possible explanations--insects or birds illum9at$ by gr\nd lights1 or reflections ( gr\nd lights aga9/ ! b\nd>y ( an inv]sion lay] 9 ! air4 ,( ^!1 ! inv]sion !ory seems ! mo/ probable4 ,! lay] 9 su* a case mu/ h be5 extremely ?9 or extremely weak1 o!rwise x w\ld h dimm$ ! brightness ( ! fa9t />s he 0 obs]v+4 ,z 9 ! ,*esapeake ,bay case1 ! my/]i\s rectangles 7 und\bt$ly ! special effect ( "s unique comb9ation ( circum/ances1 unlikely to be repeat$4 ,conditions 7 ideal = ! =mation ( small %>ply localiz$ inv]sions3 ! wea!r 0 cle>1 ! day _h be5 hot4 ,a small temp]ature inv]sion exi/+ at a relatively l[ elevation & smoke1 haze1 or du/ collect+ 9 a v ?9 lay] at a relatively l[ altitude 7 ! pr]equisites t almo/ c]ta9ly exi/$4 ,"s unkn[n cause--9 ! vic9ity ( an airfield !re are _m possibilities--c\ld h produc$ a ripple 9 ! ?9 haze lay]4 ,?is ripple1 tipp+ ! haze lay] at a slight angle1 c\ld h reflect$ ! light$ w9d[s ( a h\se2 z ! ripple progress$ 9 a wavelike motion along ! lay]1 ! reflection w\ld h mov$ z did ! rectangles ( light4 ,conditions ( refraction at ! int]face w\ld h reflect$ ! wave upw>d4 ,tombaugh has rec5tly summ>iz$ 8 convictions on ! entire ,,ufo ph5om5on z well z on 8 own sight+3 8,f my own /udies ( ! sol> sy/em ,i _c ent]ta9 any s]i\s possibility = intellig5t life on ! o!r planets1 n ev5 = ,m>s 7! planet to :i* ,i h devot$ consid]able obs]vation & /udy ov] ! pa/ ?irty-five ye>s74 ,! logi/ics ( visitations f planets revolv+ ar\nd ! ne>] />s is /agg]+4 ,9 consid]ation ( ! hundr$s ( millions ( ye>s 9 ! geologic "t scale :5 su* visitations may possibly h occurr$1 ! odds ( a s+le visit 9 a giv5 c5tury or mill5nium are ov]:elm+ly aga9/ su* an ev5t4 8,a mu* m likely s\rce ( explanation is "s natural optical ph5om5on 9 our own atmosph]e4 ,9 my #aidi sight+ ! fa9tness ( ! object1 toge!r ) ! mann] ( fad+ 9 int5sity z x travel$ away f z5i? t[>ds ! s\!a/]n horizon1 is q sugge/ive ( a reflection f an optical b\nd>y or surface ( slight contra/ 9 refractive index1 z 9 an inv]sion lay]4 8,i h nev] se5 any?+ l x be=e or s9ce1 & ,i h sp5t a lot ( "t :]e ! night sky c\ld be se5 well4 ,?is sugge/s t ! ph5om5on involves a comp>atively r>e set ( conditions or circum/ances to produce x1 b no?+ l ! odds ( an int]/ell> visitation40 ,,xii-#a ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,xii-#a;a ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h4 8,! ,tru? ,ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s40 ,look magaz9e 7,june #ag1 #aieb74 ,,xii-#b ,johnson1 ,c4 ,l4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,,xii-#c ,,ufo ,inve/igator1 ,april-,may #aifa4 ,,xii-#d ,coleman1 ,w4 ,t4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,,xii-#e ,na%1 ,w4 ,b4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,,xii-#f ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j4 ,! ,report on ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects4 ,g>d5 ,city1 ,n4,y43 ,d\bl$ay ,co41 #aief4 ,,xii-#g ,na%1 ,w4 ,b41 & ,=t5b]ry1 ,w4 ,h4 8,we ,flew ,above ,fly+ ,sauc]s10 ,true magaz9e 7,octob] #aieb74 ,,xii-#h ,bo/on ,h]ald1 ,june #c1 #aifb4 ,,xii-#i 8,rad> ,objects ,ov] ,wa%+ton10 ,air ,wea!r ,s]vice ,bullet9 7,septemb] #aied71 pp4 #eb-eg4 ,,xii-#aj ,gif=d1 ,j4 ,f4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,,xii-#aa 8,h ,we ,visitors f ,out] ,space80 ,life magaz9e1 ,april #d1 #aieb4 ,,xii-#ab 8,fly+ ,sauc]s1 ! ,enigma ( ! ,skies10 ,arm/rong ,circle ,!atre ,,tv ,script1 ,jan4 #bb1 #aieh4 ,,xii-#ac ,mi*el1 ,a4 ,! ,tru? ab\t ,fly+ ,sauc]s4 ,new ,york3 ,crit]ion ,books1 #aief4 ,,xii-#ad ,tombaugh1 ,c4 ,w4 ,p]sonal communication4 ,*apt] ,,xiii ,,inve/igators3 ,,air ,,=ce ,,& ,,civilian ,few gov]nm5t employees 9 rec5t times h be5 subject$ to m criticism ?an ! m5 9 ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,gr\p at ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,dayton1 ,ohio4 ,?is ag5cy 7usually ref]r$ to 9 ?is book z ,,atic7 has ! responsibility ( inve/igat+ all (ficial reports ( unid5tifi$ objects 9 our skies4 ,( ! ?\s&s ( su* incid5ts /udi$ s f>1 none sugge/s t ! ,,ufo 9 "q came f out] space4 ,9 fact1 ! t]m ,,ufo has prov5 to be "o ( ! wor/ misnom]s ( hi/ory4 ,9 ! mo/ p]plex+ cases1 ! ph5om5a report$ are seldom mat]ial ,objects1 v few ( !m are ,fly+ &1 :5 fully analyz$1 almo/ none rema9 ,unid5tifi$4 ,id5tify+ /range objects 9 ! air ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates is vital to ! c\ntry's security4 ,t milit>y (fic]s %\ld be guilty ( c>elessness or casual guesswork 9 ?is s]i\s bus9ess is un?9kable4 ,yet ,,atic inve/igators1 & ?r\gh !m ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,air ,=ce1 ( :i* !y are memb]s1 = m ?an a decade h be5 ! t>get ( vici\s attacks by civilian en?usia/s devot$ to ! cult ( fly+ sauc]s4 ,b&$ toge!r 9 v>i\s 8rese>*0 organizations & op]at+ on ! premise t ,u,f,os are int]planet>y 9 orig91 mo/ ( ^! en?usia/s flatly reject ! normal explanations--planets1 meteors1 satellites1 balloons1 reflections1 birds1 rad> phantoms1 hoaxes1 or delusions4 ,fly+ sauc]s obvi\sly cruise 9 our skies1 ! believ]s argue1 & ! ,air ,=ce failure to admit ! obvi\s proves t its inve/igators are incompet5t or di%one/ or bo?1 & t !y are involv$ 9 a giant conspiracy to conceal ! tru? f ! ,am]ican public,,xiii-#a4 ,9 ! view ( ! sauc] gr\ps1 ! ,air ,=ce c d no "r4 ,if1 aft] receiv+ a ,,ufo report1 ! inve/igators require "s "t to collect all ! relevant facts & to rea* a s\nd conclusion1 !y are b]at$ = ! delay & accus$ ( cov]-up tactics1 z 9 ! ,killian case 7p4 #eb74 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 ! answ] is f\nd quickly & releas$ to ! newspap]s1 ,,ufo addicts d5y its tru? & ass]t t ! explanation 0 hurri$ly ru%$ into pr9t 9 ord] to deceive ! public1 z 9 ! ,pacific sight+ on ,july #aa1 #aiei 7p4 #ajf7,,xiii-#a;a1 p4 #h4 ,"s ( ^! peculi> beliefs may re/ on an imp]fect und]/&+ ( ! actual aims1 me?ods1 & res\rces ( ,air ,=ce inve/igators4 ,(ficial ,/udy ( ,u,f,os ,! report ( an unid5tifi$ fly+ object1 9 ab\t #ij p] c5t ( ! cases1 comes fir/ f an ord9>y private citiz51 :o (t5 notifies ! local newspap] or radio /ation4 ,n until he reports ! incid5t to a milit>y (ficial1 h[ev]1 is ,,atic emp[]$ to />t inve/igation4 ,! comm&+ (fic] at ! ,air ,=ce base ne>e/ ! place ( ! sight+ !n makes a prelim9>y inve/igation &1 if ! facts seem to w>rant fur!r /udy1 =w>ds ! in=mation to ,dayton = evaluation4 ,) ye>s ( exp]i5ce to draw on1 ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,gr\p c (t5 id5tify ! unkn[n aft] a brief /udy ( ! report4 ,if n1 !y try to det]m9e :e!r ! report conta9s all ! facts necess>y = an explanation & :e!r ! unkn[n may be ( int]e/ to ,intellig5ce (fic]s4 ,does x repres5t a possible dang] to ! nation8 ,does x h possible milit>y significance8 ,does x h possible sci5tific or te*nical significance8 ,if1 aft] ?is review1 ! inve/igators conclude t ! unkn[n might be ( "s importance1 !y c>ry out an int5sive /udy 9 :i* !y may h ! help ( an organization directly connect$ ) ! ,assi/ant ,*ief ( ,/aff = ,intellig5ce or ( alli$ ,intellig5ce ag5cies4 ,:5 all ! relevant facts are collect$1 a survey usually %[s t ! unkn[n fits a p>ticul> class ( sight+4 ,to complete ! id5tification1 ,,atic c call on ! exp]t k ( a speciali/ 9 ! type ( ph5om5on involv$4 ,exp]t help is available f a l>ge v>iety ( s\rces3 #a4 ,(ficial consultant to ! ,air ,=ce1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,all5 ,hynek1 ,director ( ! ,de>born ,obs]vatory & ,pr(essor ( ,a/ronomy at ,nor?we/]n ,univ]sity1 =m]ly ,assi/ant ,director1 ,smi?sonian ,a/rophysical ,obs]vatory4 #b4 ,memb]s ( ! ,air ,=ce ) special sci5tific & te*nical tra9+1 ^: full duty is ! /udy1 inve/igation1 & analysis ( ,,ufo reports4 #c4 ,a panel ( milit>y & civilian exp]ts 9 all bran*es ( sci5ce & te*nology4 #d4 ,! sci5tific & te*nical laboratories 7photographic1 balli/ic1 *emical1 etc47 ( all bran*es ( ! ,air ,=ce & ( o!r gov]nm5t ag5cies4 #e4 ,! meteorological records ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,wea!r ,bureau1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,gu>d1 & o!r gov]nm5t ag5cies4 #f4 ,comm]cial laboratories "u contract to c>ry out special "w4 ,) ! be/ sci5tific res\rces ( ! nation available1 ! ,air ,=ce c make sure t a puzzl+ ,,ufo ph5om5on w und]go /udy by an exp]t4 ,reports involv+ rad> sight+s are analyz$ by ! rese>* sci5ti/s :o "k mo/ ab\t ! behavior ( rad>4 ,if satellites or a/ronomical objects might be involv$1 a/ronom]s /udy ! evid5ce4 ,if ! report includes photographs or physical evid5ce1 exp]ts provide ! appropriate laboratory analysis4 ,if a ,,ufo /ill proves difficult to expla91 ! complete facts are laid be=e a panel ( exp]ts = discussion4 ,:5 a sight+ has be5 completely analyz$1 ! conclusions--kn[n or unkn[n--are fil$ ) ! record ( ! case4 ,if ! newspap]s h publiciz$ ! incid5t1 a summ>y ( ! analysis is giv5 to ,,safis 7,(fice ( ,in=mation ,s]vices1 ,(fice ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,air ,=ce7 = release to ! press4 ,9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! fly+-sauc] saga1 almo/ none ( ! m5 assign$ to inve/igate ,u,f,os _h any special tra9+ 9 ! optical & a/ronomical sci5ces or 9 inve/igative te*niques4 ,s9ce ! specific facts ( s _m cases 7 classifi$1 civilian sci5ti/s :o might h help$ expla9 ! ,,ufo puzzles 7 n able to get ! necess>y in=mation4 ,unsurpris+ly1 ! p]c5tage ( unexpla9$ cases sometimes rea*$ z high z #e to #aj p] c5t1 & once rea*$ ! /agg]+ peak ( #bj p] c5t6 ,9 rec5t ye>s ! te*niques ( collection1 inve/igation1 & analysis ( ! facts h greatly improv$4 ,air ,=ce inve/igators n only h excell5t tra9+1 !y also h a solid body ( exp]i5ce beh9d !m4 ,9 lat] reviews !y h f\nd ! answ]s to _m1 b n to all1 ( ! backlog ( 8,unkn[n0 cases :i*1 if report$ today1 w\ld probably cause no problem4 ,"s ( ! old cases w probably nev] be solv$ because ! m5 9 *>ge at ! "t did n always "k :at que/ions to ask4 ,ess5tial in=mation 0 n obta9$ & c nev] be obta9$ n[4 ,! ,air ,=ce nev] closes an unsolv$ case4 ,reports t h be5 li/$ z ,unid5tifi$ or ,insuffici5t ,evid5ce are reanalyz$ :5 new evid5ce becomes available4 ,occasionally new evid5ce produces a m complete or ev5 a diff]5t explanation = a case t 0 previ\sly consid]$ probably solv$4 ,/ati/ical summ>ies ( ! ,,ufo sight+s = ea* mon? & = ea* p]iod ( six mon?s are =w>d$ to ,,safis = release4 ,9 rec5t ye>s ,,atic has be5 receiv+ few] ?an #fjj reports p] ye> & solv+ ab\t #ih p] c5t4 ,9 #aifa1 #egh ,u,f,os 7 report$4 ,( ^? 9 :i* all ! necess>y in=mation 0 available1 all b ?irte5--ab\t two p] c5t--7 completely expla9$4 ,believ]s 9 fly+ sauc]s t5d to ignore ! #ih p] c5t ( cases fully expla9$ by ! ,air ,=ce1 & to focus att5tion on ! #b p] c5t t rema9 puzzl+4 ,yet no di/+ui%able diff]5ce exi/s betwe5 ! types ( obs]vation describ$ 9 solv$ & 9 unsolv$ cases4 ,f consid]+ ! orig9al reports1 ! compet5ce ( ! witnesses1 & ! appe>ance & movem5ts ( ! v>i\s ,u,f,os1 no analy/ c\ld pr$ict 9 advance :i* w be fully acc\nt$ = & :i* w n4 ,! witnesses 7(t5 te*nically tra9$ obs]v]s or exp]i5c$ airm57 9 ! cases t are solv$ are j z reliable z--& no less s ?an--! witnesses 9 ! unexpla9$ cases4 ,!y report ! same classes ( ph5om5a--gl[+ ,u,f,os1 hov]+ ,u,f,os1 ,u,f,os mov+ at high velocities1 mak+ incr$ible maneuv]s1 & behav+ z ?\gh "u intellig5t control4 ,! ,air ,=ce has acc\nt$ = ne>ly all ( ^! fly+ sauc]s4 ,! v>i\s causes includ$ aircraft1 balloons1 satellites1 mirages1 inv]sions1 hoaxes1 delusions1 reflections1 birds1 l5ticul> cl\ds1 ball lightn+1 rad> anomalies1 sundogs1 meteors1 planets1 />s1 ! ,aurora1 & o!r a/ronomical ph5om5a4 ,! few rema9+ cases report simil> obs]vations & und\bt$ly h "o ( ^! causes--:i* _c be prov$ because "s ess5tial fact is miss+4 ,no data 9 ^! unsolv$ cases sugge/ t ! ,u,f,os _h an int]planet>y orig9 or t !y con/itut$ a ?reat to ! security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:5 ,air ,=ce inve/igators h det]m9$ t a ,,ufo report does n repres5t any?+ ( int]e/ to ,intellig5ce1 _! prim>y duty ends4 ,h[ev]1 s9ce _m ,,ufo puzzles are ( int]e/ = sci5tific or te*nical reasons1 ! inve/igators try to f9d ! specific explanation ( ea* case &1 if x has attract$ public att5tion1 give ! f9al solution to ! press4 ,civilian ,sauc] ,gr\ps ,s9ce ! fir/ fly+ sauc]s 7 report$ 9 #aidg1 doz5s ( civilian clubs h be5 organiz$ ?r\gh\t ! _w to collect ,,ufo reports & publi% 8! tru?0 alleg$ly suppress$ by gov]nm5t s\rces4 ,dur+ ! la/ decade ! ro/] 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has includ$ su* gr\ps z ! ,bord]l& ,sci5ces ,rese>* ,associates 7,cali=nia71 ,int]planet>y ,intellig5ce ( ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,objects 7,oklahoma71 ,int]cont95tal ,a]ial ,rese>* ,f\ndation 7,nebraska71 ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee 7,ohio71 ,civilian ,sauc] ,intellig5ce 7,new ,york71 ,waukegan ,contact ,gr\p 7,ill9ois71 ,sauc] ,inve/igative ,rese>* ,organization 7,georgia71 ,_w ,society ( ! ,fly+ ,sauc] 7,idaho71 ,civilian ,rese>* on ,int]planet>y ,fly+ ,objects 7,ohio71 & ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c474 ,! olde/ ( ^! sauc] clubs1 ! ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,rese>* ,organization 7,arizona7 0 f\nd$ 9 #aieb & issues a bimon?ly news %eet1 ! ,,apro ,bullet94 ,m or less regul> publications 7"s n[ defunct7 ( ^! gr\ps h includ$ ! ,cosmic ,rese>*]1 ,int]planet>y ,news ,s]vice1 ,,crifo ,orbit1 ,sauc]ian ,bullet91 & ,,ufo ,critical ,bullet94 ,9 rec5t ye>s "s ( ! be/ factual acc\nts ( ,,ufo incid5ts 7z well z "s ( ! weirde/ speculation7 h appe>$ 9 ! magaz9e ,fly+ ,sauc]s1 :i* is n connect$ ) any club4 ,a few clubs1 *iefly 9 ,cali=nia1 are semireligi\s 9 "*1 claim+ repeat$ communication ) e!real be+s 9 space4 ,"s clubs accept 8contact0 /ories z valid1 o!rs d n4 ,c]ta9 articles ( fai? are app>5tly common to all su* gr\ps3 t ,u,f,os are actually vehicles f out] space2 t !y sometimes l& on e>? & occasionally leave physical traces 9 ! =m ( metallic or organic sub/ances2 t sci5ti/s :o _c accept ^! beliefs are hypocrites1 ar*fi5ds1 anti-,galileo reaction>ies1 /ooges = ! ,army or ! ,air ,=ce1 & memb]s ( ! conspiracy to delude ! public4 ,,nicap ,! l>ge/ & probably ! mo/ influ5tial sauc] gr\p is ! ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7,,nicap71 ) affiliat$ subcommittees 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,_m memb]s ( local organizations su* z ! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 ,ohio1 also belong to ,,nicap & help ma9ta9 close liaison4 ,! bimon?ly news %eet1 ! ,,ufo ,inve/igator1 is di/ribut$ to memb]s ( ,,nicap & to prom95t p]sons 9 ! gov]nm5t & o!r fields2 x regul>ly li/s rec5t ,,ufo sight+s report$ by memb]s1 & occasionally pr9ts a detail$ report ( a specific case4 ,few ( ! sight+s report$ c be indep5d5tly evaluat$ because ! acc\nts (t5 omit su* ess5tial facts z exact times1 dates1 places1 direction ( motion1 etc4 ,) headqu>t]s 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 ,,nicap /rongly reflects ! views ( its director1 ,major ,donald ,e4 ,keyhoe1 ,,usmc 7,ret471 t ,u,f,os may be int]planet>y 9 orig91 sometimes l& on e>?1 b r>ely if ev] make contact ) human be+s4 ,l mo/ sauc] believ]s1 _m memb]s ( ,,nicap t5d to assume )\t adequate inve/igation t _m unusual sky ph5om5a report$ 9 ! newspap]s may be extrat]re/rial objects1 & !y (t5 ma9ta9 ?is attitude 9 ! face ( ov]:elm+ evid5ce to ! contr>y4 ,:5 ! ,,boac ,comet explod$ ne> ,calcutta on ,may #b1 #aiec1 ,major ,keyhoe !oriz$ t a ,,ufo might accid5tally or delib]ately h collid$ ) ! plane4 ,he cont9u$ su* speculation ev5 aft] ,briti% aviation (ficials ann\nc$1 aft] mon?s ( /udy1 t ! cra% 0 caus$ by metal fatigue,,xiii-#a4 ,_m ( ! items pr9t$ 9 ! ,,ufo ,inve/igator are bas$ on incomplete evid5ce4 ,"u ! headl9e 8,/range ,s]ies ( ,fireballs ,report$10 ,,nicap li/$ a ,,ufo obs]v$ on ,m>* #g1 #aifj1 at ab\t #h3aj ,p4,m41 visible f ! ,canadian bord] to ,florida1 & describ$ by "s obs]v]s z ?ree or f\r ,u,f,os fly+ 9 =mation,,xiii-#c4 ,?is ph5om5on 0 actually ! satellite ,discov]] ,,viii mak+ its f9al desc5t to e>?4 ,,nicap memb]%ip is !oretically op5 to any non-,communi/ citiz5,,xiii-#d1 b applicants f ! 8contactee0 fr+e are n enc\rag$4 ,! committee once cancel$ ! memb]%ip ( a space evangeli/ :5 he claim$ publicly to be a spokesman = ,,nicap1 & 9 #aieh x cancel$ ! memb]%ip ( sev5 fam\s contactees :o _h be5 admitt$ )\t ! k ( ! director,,xiii-#e4 ,inve/igations are c>ri$ out z sp>e-"t projects ( ! memb]s !mselves1 "s ( :om con/itute an advisory panel ( exp]ts4 ,al?\gh _m are highly respect$ 9 _! own pr(essions--television1 j\rnalism1 milit>y sci5ce1 religion1 gov]nm5t1 aviation1 eng9e]+1 m$ic9e1 psy*ology1 & tea*+ 9 ! physical sci5ces--few are recogniz$ speciali/s 9 ! fields requir$ = ! analysis ( mo/ ,,ufo cases--rad> propagation1 ! physics ( optics1 meteorology1 & a/ronomy4 ,s9ce #aieg a major goal ( ,,nicap has be5 a ,congressional inquiry t suppos$ly w\ld reveal an ,air ,=ce conspiracy to d5y ! reality ( fly+ sauc]s,,xiii-#g4 ,9 #aieg ! director lodg$ a =mal compla9t ) a memb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate *>g+ t ! ,air ,=ce cont9ually made false /atem5ts on ,u,f,os to ! press1 ! public1 & memb]s ( ,congress4 ,9 support ( ?is accusation ,major ,keyhoe submitt$ summ>ies ( m ?an two hundr$ incid5ts,,xiii-#g4 ,! li/ cit$ a numb] ( ,,ufo reports t _h nev] be5 submitt$ to ! ,air ,=ce = analysis4 ,^! includ$ reports f =eign c\ntries 7"o 9 ,sumatra 9 #aidd & "o ,holl& 9 #aieb7 & f ,,nicap's private files4 ,o!rs1 su* z ! ,k9ross case 7p4 #aed71 _h n be5 )9 ,,atic jurisdiction4 ,_m o!rs1 su* z ! ,mantell 7p4 #cc7 & ! ,*iles-,:itt$ 7p4 #ajh7 cases1 _h long ago be5 fully expla9$4 ,/ill o!r cases1 dat+ f ! e>ly days ( ! sauc] era1 rema9 unsolv$ only because vital facts1 n det]m9$ at ! "t ( ! sight+1 are necess>y to a full explanation b _c n[ be asc]ta9$4 ,! reque/ = a ,congressional inquiry 0 d5i$ b has be5 repeat$ at int]vals4 ,! 8,conspiracy0 ,fantasy ,mo/ ,,ufo organizations cl+ to ! belief t a conspiracy exi/s to conceal ! exi/5ce ( extrat]re/rial vehicles1 b !y disagree on its precise composition4 ,to ,,nicap & its affiliates1 ! *ief culprit is ! ,air ,=ce1 help$ occasionally by o!r gov]nm5t ag5cies & by well-kn[n civilian sci5ti/s4 ,,apro 7,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,rese>* ,organization71 h[ev]1 consid]s t ! ,air ,=ce is involv$ only z ! tool ( /ill m p[]ful =ces4 ,! director ( ,,apro has publi%$ h] conviction t nobody 9 ! ,air ,=ce1 ! ,navy1 or ! ,m>9es 8has ! bra9s0 to contrive s successful a s*eme & t ! alleg$ plot 8c\ld only be borne sic ( m9ds s*ool$ 9 deception & contraception sic--! elite corps ( ! ,c5tral ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy40,,xiii-#h ,9 /ill ano!r v]sion 7:i* makes ! plots ( ,e4 ,phillips ,opp5heim seem amateuri%7 ,,nicap itself is a pawn 9 a sup]conspiracy s va/ t ?\s&s ( ,am]ican citiz5s h be5 made its unkn[+ tools,,xiii-#i4 ,! hundr$s ( /range ph5om5a obs]v$ 9 ! skies1 ! controv]sial photographs ( ,u,f,os1 ! 8spacem50 :o visit$ ,adamski & o!rs1 ! 8contact0 & little-gre5-m5 /ories1 ! analyses made by ! ,air ,=ce1 ! =mation ( ! v>i\s sauc] clubs1 ,,nicap & its w> aga9/ ! ,air ,=ce--all ^! ph5om5a1 ev5ts1 & p]sons are alleg$ly p>ts ( a colossal drama plann$1 support$1 & /ag$ z a delib]ate hoax on ! ,am]ican public4 ,! prime mov] is suppos$ to be ! ,c5tral ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy1 ^: motive is to conceal--some?+2 j :at is n cle>,,xiii-#aj4 ,9 comp>ison ) ?is fantasy1 ,,nicap's *>ges ( simple ,air ,=ce cov]-up seem tame4 ,,ufo at ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio ,"o ( ! mo/ notori\s accusations ( ,air ,=ce skuldugg]y1 made 9 attempts to procure a ,congressional inquiry1 0 t embodi$ 9 a sauc]ian /udy ( ! ,fitzg]ald sight+,,xiii-#aa1 publi%$ by ! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 ,ohio1 :i* ma9ta9s a close relation%ip ) ,,nicap4 ,al?\gh ! case 0 unimportant & 0 completely expla9$1 we %all discuss x 9 detail to illu/rate ! peculi> views & me?ods ( ! fly+-sauc] gr\ps4 ,9 summ>y1 a /range light obs]v$ on a d>k night = r\ghly half a m9ute by a dr[sy h\sewife 0 conv]t$ into a weapon to attack ! ,air ,=ce4 ,! incid5t inspir$ ?\s&s ( words ( argum5t1 caus$ ! publication & di/ribution ( a l5g?y docum5t1 us$ ! "t ( busy inve/igators1 requir$ an o!rwise unnecess>y exp5diture ( public funds1 & evok$ an ex*ange ( lett]s among angry citiz5s1 h>ass$ ,congressm51 & equally h>ass$ ,air ,=ce (ficials4 ,9 all ,,ufo hi/ory1 no l>g] m\nta9 has ev] be5 made f s small a molehill4 ,on ,septemb] #cj1 #aieh1 ! ,air ,te*nical ,intellig5ce ,c5t] at ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base receiv$ a lett] f ,mrs4 ,william ,fitzg]ald ( ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio1 report+ t on ,septemb] #ba %e _h sight$ a ,,ufo :i* %e w\ld l to h inve/igat$4 ,%e enclos$ a ?ree-page summ>y prep>$ by memb]s ( ! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 & add$1 8,i assure y t ,i w contact my congressman ab\t ?is matt] if "s action is n tak5 soon to expla9 x40,,xiii-#ab ,! alleg$ ,,ufo _h appe>$ at ab\t #c ,a4,m4 9 ! y>d ( ! "o-/ory1 two-b$room h\se occupi$ by ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald & h] husb&4 ,%e _h be5 sitt+ up alone wat*+ television & _h gone to b$ at ! end ( ! late movie4 ,! b$room w9d[ 0 %ut & ! w9d[ curta9s 7 clos$4 ,outside1 ! night 0 d>k2 ! moon _h set1 !re 7 no /reet lights1 & none ( ! neighbor+ h\ses 0 light$4 ,ly+ ) h] arm ov] h] eyes1 try+ to get to sleep1 %e sudd5ly realiz$ t ! room 0 illum9at$ & /ood up on ! b$ to look out ( ! w9d[4 ,accord+ to h] acc\nt1 a disk-%ap$ object ) a hump 9 ! middle1 a dull alum9um 9 color1 0 mov+ across ! y>d at a height ( ab\t five feet4 ,! object did n gl[ & did n h lights on x2 %e c\ld n det]m9e ! s\rce ( ! light t made x visible to h]4 ,ab\t tw5ty to tw5ty-two feet 9 diamet] & ab\t six feet high1 ! ,,ufo mov$ nor? across ! driveway into a neighbor's y>d1 los+ altitude on ! way until x 0 only "o foot above ! gr\nd4 ,at a di/ance ( fifty feet1 x /opp$ & float$ motionless = sev]al seconds :ile p9k-gray smoke bill[$ out f two op5+s 9 ! rim & illum9at$ ! ,,ufo4 ,ea* op5+ conta9$ sev5 pipes4 ,! smoke did n come f ! pipes b f ! op5+s f :i* ! pipes project$4 ,! object !n mov$ back into ! witness's y>d1 ris+ to a height ( five feet4 ,no long] emitt+ smoke1 x made two quick clockwise turns ) a radius ( ab\t ?ree feet1 & rose /raight up4 ,! ro( ( ! h\se1 jutt+ out ov] ! w9d[1 cut x f fur!r view4 ,dur+ ! entire "t ( ! sight+1 ab\t ?irty-six seconds1 %e _h he>d a muffl$ noise l t ( a jet eng9e w>m+ up4 ,%e _h tri$ sev]al times to wak5 h] husb&1 by kick+ him1 b )\t success4 ,:5 ! object _h gone1 %e w5t back to b$ & slept4 ,:5 %e awoke at #aa3jj ! next morn+ & m5tion$ h] exp]i5ce to ! family1 %e le>n$ t t5-ye>-old ,john ,fitzg]ald1 sleep+ 9 ! second b$room1 _h also se5 a /range light4 ,he _h app>5tly wak5$ dur+ ! night to g to ! ba?room & _h return$ to b$1 :5 he saw a bright light %9+ into 8 room & he>d an unusual noise4 ,climb+ up on ! radiator to look out ( 8 w9d[1 he saw some?+ ! color ( a t9 cup mov+ across ! y>d4 ,aft] wat*+ = a few seconds until ! light _h gone1 he w5t to b$ & to sleep4 ,puzzl$ by ! incid5t1 ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald telephon$ ! local newspap]1 ! ,lora9 ,j\rnal1 & ! /ory appe>$ 9 sev]al ,ohio newspap]s4 ,memb]s ( ! ,akron ,committee1 "o ( :om liv$ 9 ! ne>by t[n ( ,lora91 soon arriv$ to "q h] & prep>e ! summ>y ( h] exp]i5ce4 ,o!r witnesses 9 ,lora9 7 report$ to h se5 ! same ,,ufo4 ,ev5 at fir/ glance1 ! situation pres5t$ sev]al unusual features4 ,! witness _h delay$ m ?an a week be=e notify+ ,air ,=ce inve/igators1 yet %e ?reat5$ to notify h] congressman unless "s action 7 tak5 soon4 ,%e _h n wait$ = action1 h[ev]1 b by ! same mail _h writt5 to h] congressman reque/+ him to obta9 an explanation f ! ,air ,=ce4 ,! summ>y ( h] exp]i5ce1 prep>$ ) ! help ( memb]s ( ! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 0 equally rem>kable4 ,ev5 ?\gh h] d>k-adapt$ eyes _h j be5 assault$ by a bright light & ! object _h be5 9 view = a maximum ( only ?irty-six seconds1 %e provid$ a description s detail$ t x almo/ sugge/$ a photographic memory4 ,on ,octob] #c1 ?ree days aft] h] lett] rea*$ ,,atic1 two ,air ,=ce m51 ,te*nical ,s]geant ,a & ,te*nical ,s]geant ,b1 :o 7 specially tra9$ 9 ! inve/igation ( ,,ufo incid5ts1 arriv$ 9 ,lora94 ,aft] a day sp5t 9 /udy+ su* p]t95t matt]s z ! local geography1 ! records ( ! ,wea!r ,bureau1 ! ,coa/ ,gu>d /ation1 & ! local railway1 on ,octob] #d !y call$ on ! witnesses4 ,aga9 ! situation 0 unusual4 ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald's husb& did n appe>4 ,) ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald & "y ,john1 h[ev]1 0 ,mr4 ,c1 ! memb] ( ! local ,,ufo gr\p :o _h sp5t sev]al days help+ h] prep>e h] acc\nt4 ,to ! amazem5t ( ! s]geants1 ,mr4 ,c seem$ to assume t he 0 9 *>ge ( ! int]view1 answ]$ ! que/ions put to ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald1 & cont9ually int]rupt$ ) que/ions & /atem5ts ( 8 own4 ,aft] half an h\r ( ?is fru/rat+ proc$ure1 ,s]geant ,a l$ ,mr4 ,c out into ! y>d4 ,9 ! h\se1 ,s]geant ,b resum$ ! inquiry & fill$ out ! (ficial report =m4 ,few que/ions 7 ask$ ( ! boy because bo? ! details & ! phraseology ( 8 description seem$ to e*o adult conv]sations ov]he>d dur+ ! two weeks t _h elaps$ s9ce ! sight+4 ,accord+ to ! acc\nt prep>$ by ! ,akron ,committee1 ! boy _h be5 fright5$ by a light s bright t he _h to %ield 8 eyes4 7,! "t 0 unkn[n1 & ! light may or may n h be5 ! "o obs]v$ by ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald47 ,climb+ on top ( ! radiator to look out ( ! w9d[1 he _h se5 ! ,,ufo & wat*$ x take (f into ! air1 & !n _h gone back to b$ & to sleep4 ,s]geant ,b _h a "y son ( ab\t ! same age4 ,t a normal t5-ye>-old boy %\ld n call out & try to awak5 ! h\sehold :5 confront$ ) a :irl+1 humm+1 dome-%ap$ space%ip "s tw5ty-two feet 9 diamet] & six feet high1 mov+ ?r\gh 8 own y>d 9 ! middle ( ! night1 seem$ too improbable to w>rant s]i\s que/ion+4 ,aft] f9i%+ ) ! ,fitzg]alds1 ! s]geants call$ on o!r suppos$ witnesses 9 ,lora94 ,satisfi$ t !y _h complet$ a ?or\gh inve/igation1 !y return$ to ,dayton & pres5t$ ! in=mation to _! sup]ior (fic]s = evaluation4 ,none ( ! evid5ce sugge/$ t ! ph5om5on _h be5 a spacecraft,,xiii-#ab4 ,! ,,ufo _h be5 ! 8special effect0 ( a peculi> comb9ation ( circum/ances3 #a4 ,! "t4 ,! sight+ _h occurr$ ab\t #c ,a4,m42 ! exact mom5t 0 n kn[n & c\ld n be det]m9$4 #b4 ,! geography4 ,! %ore ( ,lake ,erie lay ab\t ?ree fif?s ( a mile nor? ( ! ,fitzg]ald h\se4 ,s\? ( ! h\se1 r\ghly #ajj y>ds away1 ran ! tracks ( ! ,new ,york ,c5tral ,railway4 ,s\?we/ ( ! h\se ab\t "o & a half miles /ood a /eel f\ndry4 #c4 ,! wea!r4 ,a drizzl+ ra9 0 fall+ at ! "t ( ! sight+4 ,!re 0 "s haze & w9d2 no moonlight4 #d4 ,o!r factors1 7a7 ,betwe5 midnight & #d ,a4,m4 a ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] equipp$ ) an eight-in* spotlight _h be5 ply+ back & =? on ,lake ,erie1 se>*+ = an ov]due cab9 cruis]4 ,at ab\t #c ,a4,m4 ! cutt] _h be5 head$ ea/ t[>d ,lora91 rea*+ !re at #c3ae1 _h !n cont9u$ ea/ beyond ,%effield to ,avon1 be=e turn+ back to ! ,lora9 lifeboat /ation & b]?+ at #d ,a4,m4 7b7 ,at #b3eb ,a4,m4 a tra9 _h left ! ,lora9 railroad /ation1 r\ghly ?ree miles f ! ,fitzg]ald h\se4 ,eight m9utes lat] x w\ld h be5 pass+ s\? ( ! h\se at a di/ance ( ab\t #ajj y>ds4 ,! eng9e 0 us+ a rotat+ headlight4 ,f ^! facts x 0 possible to recon/ruct ! probable sequ5ce ( ev5ts t produc$ ! ,,ufo3 ,9 ! h\r or s be=e ! sight+1 ! witness _h be5 sitt+ up alone wat*+ ! late movie on ,,tv4 ,! film t night 0 a horror movie1 ,dracula's ,daught]4 ,ab\t #c ,a4,m41 soon aft] ! witness _h gone to b$1 ! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] on ,lake ,erie 0 travel+ ea/ t[>d ,lora91 0 v ne> ! h>bor & 0 fla%+ its spotlight t[>d %ore4 ,! light _h briefly illum9at$ ! two b$rooms ( ! ,fitzg]ald h\se & _h r\s$ ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald4 ,at t di/ance1 betwe5 ?ree & f\r miles1 ! beam w\ld h spread & w\ld h be5 disp]s$ /ill m by ! drops ( ra9 fall+4 ,by ! "t ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald rea*$ ! w9d[ & pull$ back ! curta9s1 ! se>*light 0 gone4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 ! tra9 t left ,lora9 at #b3eb 0 pass+ s\? ( ! h\se1 us+ its rotat+ headlight & produc+ a ro>+ noise made m pi]c+ by ! moi/ atmosph]e4 ,look+ ?r\gh ! wet glass ( ! w9d[1 ! witness saw ! beam ( ! tra9's headlight mov+ ?r\gh ! haze 9 ! y>d4 ,smoke f ! ne>by f\ndry 0 also be+ bl[n into ! y>d4 ,illum9at$ by ! circul> beam ( light1 ! smoke seem$ to be a gl[+1 solid object t mov$ back & =? & emitt$ cl\ds ( gray-p9k smoke4 ,9 summ>y1 ! ,air ,=ce conclud$ t ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald's ,,ufo 0 an illusion produc$ by a comb9ation ( factors3 an excit$ frame ( m9d induc$ by ,dracula's ,daught]1 ! spotlight on ! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt]1 ! rotat+ headlight ( ! tra9 & ! noise ( its eng9e1 drift+ smoke f ! f\ndry1 & ! haze ( ! drizzly night4 ,?is conclusion provok$ an explosion f ! witness1 :o wrote h] congressman sugge/+ m5tal incompet5ce on ! "p ( ! ,air ,=ce (ficial :o analyz$ ! case4 8,! ,fitzg]ald ,report0 ,! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee compil$ & on ,decemb] #a1 #aieh1 publi%$ a ?irte5-page pamphlet 7lat] reissu$ 9 amplifi$ =m & copyright$7 entitl$3 8,! ,fitzg]ald ,report1 ,a ,complete & ,detail$ ,acc\nt ( ! ,sight+ ( an ,unid5tifi$ ,fly+ ,object1 ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio1 ,septemb] #ba1 #aieh40 ,?is docum5t *>g$ 8duplicity0 9 ! ,air ,=ce treatm5t ( ,,ufo reports 9 g5]al1 & ass]t$ t ! ,fitzg]ald inve/igation 9 p>ticul> _h be5 8crim9ally mi%&l$0 & 0 a 8disgrace to ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce & an insult to ! ,am]ican public44440 ,x fur!r sugge/$ t ,s]geants ,a & ,b be 8discipl9$0 because _! inve/igation 0 n adequate or ?or\gh1 & t !y _h _h 8little or no int5tion ( mak+ an hone/ inve/igation ( ?is sight+40 ,copies ( ! pamphlet 7 mail$ to em95t sci5ti/s ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 memb]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate1 (fic]s 9 ! ,air ,=ce1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,air ,=ce1 & ! ,secret>y ( ,def5se4 ,! publication ( su* *>ges aga9/ an ord9>y private citiz5 might easily h caus$ a suit = libel4 ,! ,air ,=ce inve/igators1 :atev] _! private reactions may h be51 _h no su* rec\rse2 _! accus]s c\ld act ) fair assurance ( immunity f legal action4 ,! docum5t made a numb] ( specific accusations4 ,because ( ! wide publicity giv5 ?is attack1 we %all discuss ea* po9t fully4 ,our comm5ts1 app5d$ 9 brackets1 are bas$ on (ficial records ( ! ,air ,=ce1 ! ,new ,york ,c5tral ,railway1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,wea!r ,bureau1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,gu>d4 ,mo/ ( ^! facts 7 available to ! ,akron ,committee itself4 ,*>ge #a4 ,because ( ! position ( ! ,fitzg]ald h\se1 ! headlight ( ! tra9 c\ld n h %one into ! b$room w9d[s4 ,correct4 ,b ! po9t is irrelevant4 ,! ,air ,=ce did n sugge/ t ! tra9's light %one into ! w9d[4 ,! light c\ld h %one into ! y>d1 h[ev]1 & w\ld h be5 visible to a witness look+ out ( ! w9d[4 ,! brilliant light t fla%$ 9 ! w9d[ & r\s$ ! witness did n come f ! tra9 b f ! spotlight ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt]4 ,*>ge #b4 ,ev5ts tak+ place on ! lake c\ld n h _h any relation to ! sight+ because ! %ore 0 #cjjj feet away &1 because ( int]v5+ h\ses & trees1 a witness 9 ! ,fitzg]ald h\se c\ld n see ! lake4 ,incorrect conclusion f ! facts4 ,! beam ( a spotlight on a boat mov+ "o or two miles (f%ore 7z 0 ! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] at ab\t #c ,a4,m47 c\ld h be5 se5 f ! h\se4 ,! beam ( su* a light c be visible = great di/ances4 ,reflect$ f ! cl\ds & spread by ! drops ( moi/ure 9 ! air1 x c\ld easily h fla%$ into ! w9d[ ) great brilliance4 ,*>ge #c;a4 ,! spotlight us$ by ! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] 0 ( a type t c\ld n be focus$ l a se>*light2 !re=e ! beam c\ld n h be5 reflect$ f ! cl\ds to ! ,fitzg]ald h\se4 ,incorrect4 ,! spotlight us$ c\ld op]ate ) ei!r a diffuse or a n>r[ beam1 c\ld be focus$ l a se>*light1 & c\ld h be5 reflect$ f ! cl\ds to ! h\se4 ,*>ge #c;b4 ,! ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt] _h us$ its spotlight & turn$ ! beam 9 ! direction ( ! h\se only once t night1 :ile signal+ ano!r boat at a "t two h\rs e>li] ?an ! sight+ & a place r\ghly five miles f ! h\se4 ,! ,decemb] #a1 #aieh1 edition ( ! docum5t gives ! di/ance z #d miles2 ! #aiei edition gives #e miles4 ,:atev] ! true di/ance1 ! /atem5t is incorrect4 ,a signal+ incid5t did occur at ! "t & ab\t ! place specifi$1 b x _h no relation to ! ,fitzg]ald sight+4 ,! light 0 us$ frequ5tly 9 ! h\rs betwe5 midnight & #d ,a4,m41 z ! cutt] c>ri$ out its se>* = ! miss+ cab9 cruis]4 ,9 a /atem5t obta9$ by ! ,akron ,committee itself1 ! *ief boatswa9's mate affirm$ t 8subject spotlight 0 fla%$ on & (f a numb] ( times dur+ ! night1 pick+ up objects 9 all directions4 ,x is h>d to e/imate h[ _m times spotlights 7 snapp$ on & (f dur+ subject se>*1 b !y 7 us$ q (t5 dur+ %ort p]iods ( "t40 ,*>ge #d4 ,! /atem5t t ! suppos$ confirmatory witness1 ,mrs4 ,s1 c\ld n recall any?+ unusual = ! night ( ! sight+ 0 8a lie10 z evid5c$ by h] sign$ /atem5t4 ,incorrect4 ,:5 ! inve/igators visit$ ,mrs4 ,s1 %e ass]t$ t %e _h no?+ to contribute4 ,at ab\t #b3cj ,a4,m4 7half an h\r e>li] ?an ! ,fitzg]ald sight+7 %e _h inde$ notic$ a bright-r$ gl[ t _h />tl$ h] at fir/ until %e realiz$ t x probably came f ! ne>by ,ohio ,edison plant or f ! f\ndry4 ,! sign$ /atem5t pr9t$ by ! ,akron ,committee 9 ! ,decemb] #aieh edition ( ! docum5t be>s no date4 ,! not>iz$ /atem5t us$ 9 ! #aiei edition is dat$ ,m>* #be1 six mon?s aft] ! sight+ _h occurr$4 ,aft] ! ,air ,=ce int]view1 app>5tly1 ,mrs4 ,s _h *ang$ h] m9d = reasons unkn[n4 ,*>ge #e4 ,! /atem5t t ano!r confirmatory witness1 ,mr4 ,g1 0 n available = int]view 0 8pa!tic0 because x 0 ,mrs4 ,g1 n ,mr4 ,g1 :o saw ! ,,ufo4 ,! po9t ( ?is accusation is n cle>4 ,because ( a typographical error 9 a lett]1 8,mrs40 0 *ang$ to 8,mr40 ,! fact rema9s t ! suppos$ witness1 ,mrs4 ,g1 0 n available4 ,also1 ! light %e report$ _h appe>$ ab\t #b ,a4,m41 an h\r be=e ! ,fitzg]ald sight+4 ,*>ge #f;a4 ,x 0 n true t a mi/y ra9 ) haze & mi/ _h occurr$ at ! "t ( ! sight+2 ! witness h]self /at$ t x 0 n ra9+4 ,incorrect4 ,! ,clevel& ,wea!r ,bureau record$ cont9ual slight precipitation betwe5 midnight & #g ,a4,m43 4#bj in*es 7 record$ betwe5 #b & #d ,a4,m4 ,:5 ask$ :e!r x 0 ra9+ :5 %e saw ! ,,ufo1 ! witness repli$1 8,x _h ra9$ a few h\rs be=e10 a vague response sugge/+ t %e _h n notic$ ! wea!r at ! "t ( ! sight+4 ,o!r p>ts ( h] acc\nt1 h[ev]1 /rongly indicate ra94 ,al?\gh ! night 0 w>m 7ab\t #fe degrees ,f4 at #c ,a4,m471 h] b$room w9d[ 0 clos$4 ,*>ge #f;b4 ,x 0 n true t smoke f ! /eel plant s\?we/ ( ! h\se c\ld h be5 a factor 9 ! sight+1 because ! direction ( ! w9d 0 wrong4 ,incorrect4 ,! ,wea!r ,bureau record$ 8,,wsw & ,,sw0 w9ds t night av]ag+ t5 miles an h\r2 com+ f ! s\?we/1 ! w9ds w\ld h bl[n ! smoke nor!a/1 directly t[>d ! h\se4 ,*>ge #g;a4 ,! s]geants did n make a h\se-to-h\se *eck among ! neighbors to obta9 confirmatory evid5ce4 ,correct4 ,su* a "t-consum+ proc$ure w\ld n h be5 ju/ifi$4 ,! neighbors _h _h two weeks 9 :i* to report a visit+ space%ip4 ,no su* report _h be5 made1 ev5 by ! neighbor 9 ^: y>d ! noisy object 0 suppos$ to h hov]$ :ile emitt+ puffs ( smoke4 ,*>ge #g;b4 ,!y did n ask ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald to make a draw+ ( ! ,,ufo4 ,correct4 ,be=e _! visit %e _h already made su* a draw+1 prep>$ ) ! help ( memb]s ( ! ,akron ,committee :o _h %[n h] a sket* ( an alleg$ space%ip reproduc$ sev]al ye>s e>li] 9 an ,air ,=ce pamphlet,,xiii-#ac4 ,) ?is sket* be=e h] to aid h] memory1 ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald _h describ$ h] ,,ufo to a draftsman provid$ by ! committee4 ,unsurpris+ly1 ! result+ sket* 0 v simil> to ! picture us$ z an example4 ,a draw+ obta9$ 9 ?is way c\ld h no value z evid5ce4 ,*>ge #g;c4 ,! s]geants fail$ to ask en\gh que/ions ab\t ! motions ( ! object4 ,incorrect4 ,! /&>d =m = report+ unid5tifi$ fly+ objects conta9s que/ions specifically design$ to describe ! motion ( an unkn[n2 all ^! que/ions 7 ask$ & answ]$4 ,*>ge #g;d4 ,!y us$ only ! /&>d report =m2 x did n include que/ions t all[$ ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald to express all h] ideas ( :at %e _h se54 ,correct4 ,! que/ions are design$ to elicit obs]v$ physical facts2 x does n require all ! witness's int]pretations4 ,*>ge #g;e4 ,!y did n take notes dur+ ! int]view4 ,correct4 ,9 fill+ out ! report =m !y obta9$ all ! necess>y in=mation4 ,!y _h be5 tra9$ n to take additional notes because "s witnesses become n]v\s :5 !y see t _! rem>ks are be+ writt5 d[n4 ,basic *>ge #g4 ,^! 8omissions0 9 proc$ure prov$ t ! s]geants _h little int5tion ( mak+ an hone/ inve/igation4 ,incorrect4 ,!y omitt$ no qu]y t might h yield$ useful evid5ce4 ,_! duty 0 to report & try to acc\nt = ! ph5om5on obs]v$ by ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald1 n to record h] belief 9 a hypo!tical space%ip4 ,! details ( /ructure & motion t ,mr4 ,c want$ to ins]t 9 ! record 7 m]e impressions bas$ on 8 assumption t ! ,,ufo 0 a solid object "u intellig5t control4 ,! docum5t repeat$ly *>g$ t ! inve/igators ask$ too few que/ions1 & impli$ t !y ask$ only five ( ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald--yet %e answ]$ all ! _m que/ions 9 ! /&>d report =m4 ,fur!rmore1 ,mr4 ,c _h no way ( kn[+ j h[ _m & :at que/ions 7 ask$2 dur+ all ! latt] "p ( ! int]view he 0 outside ! h\se4 ,p]haps ! be/ comm5t on ! ,fitzg]ald ,report & on ! activities ( civilian sauc]-inve/igation gr\ps 9 g5]al is t ( ,dr4 ,?ornton ,page1 ! em95t a/ronom] :o 9 #aieb s]v$ on ! sci5tific panel to evaluate ,,ufo reports 7see ,*apt] ,,vii74 ,aft] receiv+ a copy ( ! ,fitzg]ald ,report1 he wrote to a memb] ( ! ,akron ,committee3 8,z a sci5ti/ ,i am int]e/$ 9 unexpla9$ ph5om5a1 b ! "o or ones responsible = ,mrs4 ,fitzg]ald's sight+ is or are und\bt$ly highly complex4 ,x is j z false to say simply t %e saw a fly+ sauc] #bj feet 9 diamet] z x is to say t %e saw no?+1 or t %e simply saw ! tra9 headlight on a mi/4 ,c]ta9ly1 ,i w\ld n expect a pair ( ,air ,=ce inve/igators to be able to expla9 h] sight+ 7& ! o!rs7 satisfactorily f int]views two weeks aft] ! ev5t4 ,x w\ld be ridicul\s to propose t a team ( exp]ts 9 ! fields ( physics1 psy*ology1 meteorology1 eng9e]+ & railroad+ be s5t to ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio1 to /udy ^! sight+s f all possible angles4 8,i h already writt5 to y & to o!rs t y\r fundam5tal error is 9 ov]simplify+ y\r explanations ( complex natural ph5om5a by assum+ a common cause )\t ju/ification4 ,if y say t ev]y?+ y _c und]/& is caus$ by greml9s1 !n greml9s are ev]y:]e6 ,& ! ,air ,=ce w\ld ne$ a mu* l>g] budget to inve/igate e sight+ or he>+ or feel+ ( a greml96 8444 ,! onus is n on ! ,air ,=ce or me to prove t no fly+ sauc] 0 pres5t t night2 ! onus is on y & y\r ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee to prove t !re is no o!r explanation ( :at 0 se5 & he>d40 ,! ,op5 ,m9d ,( ! _m a/ronomical obs]vatories 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & abroad1 none has ev] photograph$ an object t remotely resembl$ a space%ip4 ,s9ce #aieg1 hundr$s ( memb]s ( ,moonwat* teams ?r\gh\t ! _w h wat*$ ! skies to record passages ( ! _m artificial satellites1 b no ,moonwat* team has yet report$ ! pres5ce ( a space%ip4 ,rad> /ations on all cont95ts keep track ( e artificial satellite & fragm5t ( satellite orbit+ ! e>?4 ,9 ,febru>y #aifc !re 7 #bhd su* objects1 orig9at+ 9 ,canada1 ,great ,brita91 ,russia1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,if an int]lop] f beyond our planet %\ld jo9 ! p>ade1 ,space ,track /ations w\ld at once detect its pres5ce4 ,! ,air ,=ce has f\nd no evid5ce ( any k9d t anyone has ev] se51 he>d1 smell$1 photograph$1 t\*$1 or 9 any way detect$ a trace ( an int]planet>y spacecraft4 ,extrat]re/rial visitors h n yet arriv$1 & may nev] arrive4 ,if & :5 !y d1 our ,air ,=ce wants to be ! fir/ to "k4 ,! ,air ,=ce w cont9ue to inve/igate reports ( unid5tifi$ fly+ objects & to treat !m z 8s]i\s bus9ess40,,xiii-#ad ,! security ( ! nation dep5ds on ?is wat*fulness4 ,:5 a pilot sees a bright object fla%+ ?r\gh ! sky & _c imm$iately recognize x1 he kn[s t he may be look+ at a meteor1 a balloon1 a bird1 a sundog1 a planet>y mirage1 or ano!r plane4 ,on ! o!r h&1 s9ce he may be cat*+ a significant glimpse ( a guid$ missile or an aircraft f beyond ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 he promptly reports ano!r ,,ufo4 ,! ,air ,=ce _c af=d to guess :at is 9 our skies4 ,!y want to "k4 ,! creative sci5ti/1 et]nally curi\s1 keeps an op5 m9d t[>d /range ph5om5a & novel ideas1 kn[+ t we h only begun to und]/& ! univ]se we live 94 ,he rememb]s1 too1 t ,biot's discov]y t meteorites 7 8/ones f ! sky0 0 at fir/ greet$ ) disbelief1 & he hopes nev] to be guilty ( simil> obtus5ess4 ,b an op5 m9d does n mean cr$ulity or a susp5sion ( ! logical faculties t are man's mo/ valuable asset4 ,human be+s n[ /& on ! ?re%old ( space4 ,visits to & f o!r worlds may occur 9 ! future1 br++ new facts & new int]pretations ( reality t we _c n[ imag9e4 ,no evid5ce yet f\nd indicates t su* visits h begun4 ,no fact s f> det]m9$ sugge/s t a s+le unid5tifi$ fly+ object has orig9at$ outside our own planet4 ,,xiii-#a ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,! ,fly+ ,sauc] ,conspiracy4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiee4 ,,xiii-#a;a ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s & ! ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce4 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4,j43 ,d4 ,van ,no/r& ,co41 #aifj4 ,,xiii-#b ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s f ,out] ,space4 ,new ,york3 ,h5ry ,holt ,co41 #aiec4 ,,xiii-#c ,,ufo ,inve/igator 7,m>* #aifj74 ,,xiii-#d ,,ufo ,inve/igator 7,augu/-,septemb] #aieh74 ,,xiii-#e ,,ufo ,inve/igator 7,april-,may #aifa74 ,,xiii-#f ,,ufo ,inve/igator 7,july-,augu/ #aifj74 ,,xiii-#g ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e4 ,fly+ ,sauc]s3 ,top ,secret4 ,new ,york3 ,g4 ,p4 ,putnam's ,sons1 #aifj4 ,,xiii-#h ,lor5z51 ,c4 ,e4 8,! ,psy*ology ( ,,ufo ,secrecy10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,octob] #aieh71 p4 #ab ff4 ,,xiii-#i ,davidson1 ,l4 ,lett] ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,octob] #aieh71 p4 #gi4 ,,xiii-#aj ,davidson1 ,l4 8,an ,op5 ,lett] to ,sauc] ,rese>*]s10 ,fly+ ,sauc]s 7,m>* #aifb71 p4 #cf4 ,,xiii-#aa ,! ,fitzg]ald ,report1 ,! ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 ,ohio1 #aieh4 ,,xiii-#ab ,air ,=ce ,files4 ,,xiii-#ac ,project ,blue ,book1 ,special ,report ,no4 #ad1 ,,atic1 ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,ohio4 ,may #e1 #aiee4 ,,xiii-#ad ,new ,york ,times1 ,febru>y #bh1 #aifj4 ,,app5dix ,,ufo ,,& ,,o!r ,,incid5ts ,,ref]r$ ,,to ,date ,place ,associat$ ,page "n #aiac ,febru>y #i ,canada ,great ,meteor #ajg ,procession #aidg ,jan4 #ab ,pu]to ,rico #ii ,june #bd ,*ehalis1 ,wa%4 ,arnold #ac ,june #ca ,tacoma1 ,wa%4 ,maury ,isl& #ba ,july #g ,k5tucky #eh #aidh ,jan4 #g ,l\isville1 ,ky4 ,mantell #cc ,feb4 #ah ,norton1 ,kans4 #ajb ,july #bd ,alabama ,*iles-,:itt$ #aji ,july #bf ,s\!a/ /ates #aaa ,july #bg ,t5nessee #aab ,oct4 #a ,f>go1 ,n4,d4 ,gorman #gg ,decemb] ,new ,mexico ,gre5 fireballs #ic #aidi ,aug4 #bj ,las ,cruces1 ,n4,m4 ,tombaugh #bff #aiej ,m>* #h ,dayton1 ,ohio #gj ,m>* #ag ,f>m+ton1 ,n4,m4 #dh ,june #d ,colorado #ie ,july #d ,new ,mexico ,fry #bjj ,aug4 #aa ,wa%+ton1 ,oregon #ie ,sep4 #bj ,murray1 ,ky4 #if ,sep4 #bj ,we/]n /ates #ih ,nov4 #b ,ea/]n /ates #ie #aiea ,may #bi ,d[ney1 ,calif4 #abi ,aug4 #be ,lubbock1 ,tex4 ,lubbock lights #abc ,nov4 #b ,texas #ie #aieb ,jan4 #f ,cali=nia ,van ,tassel #bja ,jan4 #bb ,alaska #aeb ,jan4 #bi ,ea/]n /ates #ajj ,may #g ,brazil ,ilha dos ,amores #bjf ,june #ae ,virg9ia #ci ,june #ba ,oak ,ridge1 ,t5n4 #gf ,july #b ,tremonton1 ,utah #acj ,july #e ,han=d1 ,wa%4 #ace ,july #g ,pacific ,nor?we/ #ace ,july #ab ,indiana #ace ,july #ad ,*esapeake ,bay1 ,va4 ,na%-,=t5b]ry #bef ,july #af ,salem1 ,mass4 ,coa/ ,gu>d photo #abb ,july #ai ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,rad> sauc]s #aee ,july #bf ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,rad> sauc]s #aee ,july #bg ,manhattan ,bea*1 ,calif4 ,/ack ( co9s #di ,july #bg ,nevada ,be?urum #bja ,july #bi ,port ,huron1 ,mi*4 #afj ,aug4 #a ,bellefonta9e1 ,ohio #afb ,aug4 #c ,hamilton ,a4,f4,b41 ,calif4 #df ,aug4 #h ,durango1 ,colo4 #ej ,aug4 #aj ,durango1 ,colo4 #ej ,aug4 #ai ,w4 ,palm ,bea*1 ,fla4 ,sc\tma/] #acf ,aug4 #bd ,h]manas1 ,n4,m4 #dg ,sep4 #ab ,sutton1 ,w4,va4 ,sutton mon/] #acg ,sep4 #bd ,cuba #db ,oct #aj ,presque ,isle1 ,me4 #aci ,oct #aj ,france ,angel hair #bbj ,oct #bg ,france ,angel hair #bbj ,nov4 #bj ,cali=nia ,adamski #bjc ,dec4 #f ,gulf ( ,mexico #e ,dec4 #aj ,odessa1 ,wa%4 #fb ,dec4 #bi ,japan ,rotat+ lights #gc #aiec ,jan4 #i ,japan ,rotat+ lights #gc ,jan4 #ba ,japan ,rotat+ lights #gc ,feb4 #f ,rosalia1 ,wa%4 ,may #b ,calcutta1 ,india ,,boac ,comet #bgf ,may #ca ,new ,s\? ,wales #bf ,july #bi ,new ,york ,moon ,bridge #bbh ,aug4 #e ,rapid ,city1 ,s4,d4 ,ellswor? ,a4,f4,b4 #afg ,aug4 #ai ,new ,hav51 ,conn4 #bca ,septemb] ,engl& ,invisible sauc]s #afe ,nov4 #bc ,mi*igan ,k9ross #aed ,nov4 #bh ,ea/]n /ates #ii #aied ,jan4 #cj ,indiana #he ,sep4 #ah ,san ,francisco1 ,calif4 #ib ,sep4 #ah ,new ,mexico1 ,colorado #ib ,oct4 #b ,france #abc ,oct4 #bb ,m>ysville1 ,ohio ,j]ome ,s*ool #bbb ,nov4 #cj ,sylacauga1 ,ala4 #hh ,novemb] ,taorm9a1 ,sicily #bje ,dec4 #ac ,camp9as1 ,brazil ,silv] ra9 #bca #aiee ,feb4 #ba ,horseheads1 ,n4,y4 ,angel hair #bbc ,m>* #c ,alaska #fj ,may #ai ,los ,angeles1 ,calif4 #acj ,oct4 #ca ,ga9esville1 ,fla4 #ea #aief ,feb4 #d ,accra1 ,africa #ej ,m>* #bj-bb ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio #fg ,april #h ,new ,york ,ryan #fh ,summ] ,u4,s4,s4,r4 #agh ,aug4 #bf ,cali=nia #acj ,sep4 #aj ,sal9a1 ,kansas #afd ,sep4 #be ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio ,angel hair #bbd ,dec4 #bi ,:ite ,pass1 ,wa%4 #bh ,decemb] ,u4,s4,s4,r4 #agh #aieg ,m>* #i ,atlantic ,ocean ,pan,am-,san ,juan #ajd ,july #bd ,norway #bdh ,sep4 8 ,ubataba1 ,brazil #bcf ,nov4 #b ,levell&1 ,tex4 #agd ,nov4 #c ,:ite ,s&s1 ,n4,m4 #ahj ,nov4 #d ,orogr&e1 ,n4,m4 #aha ,nov4 #e ,ke>ney1 ,neb4 ,s*midt #ahc ,nov4 #e ,brazil ,itaipu ,=t #ahd ,nov4 #e ,gulf ( ,mexico ,sebago #ahb ,nov4 #g ,ohio ,moore #ahe #aieh ,jan4 #af ,brazil ,tr9dade ,isl& #bjf ,april #aa ,johannesburg1 ,s4 ,africa ,! ,?+ #ea ,april #ad ,ea/]n seabo>d ,sputnik ,,ii #aaf ,sep4 #ba ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio ,fitzg]ald #bgi ,sep4 #bi ,m>yl& ,nike site #bci ,oct4 #b ,danby1 ,calif4 #bdc ,oct4 #bf ,m>yl& ,lock ,rav5 ,dam #ahj #aiei ,jan4 #h ,p5nsylvania #aac ,feb4 #f ,b\ld]1 ,colo4 #bdi ,feb4 #bd ,p5nsylvania ,killian #eb ,m>* #ac ,dulu?1 ,m9n4 #gb ,m>* #bb ,ann ,arbor1 ,mi*4 #bda ,m>*-,april ,coburn1 ,va4 ,%eep ,rock sauc] #bbd ,june #bj ,pacific ,ocean #aje ,july #aa ,pacific ,ocean #ajf ,oct4 #ab ,wa%+ton1 ,ga4 #bbe ,oct4 #ai ,korea #gc #aifj ,m>* #g ,ea/ coa/ #bgg ,m>* #ca ,france #bde ,april #a ,wallops ,isl&1 ,va4 #dd ,aug4 #ab-bj ,nor!rn ,cali=nia ,r$ ,bluff #bec ,oct4 #e ,gre5l& #aff ,nov4 #bc ,mi*igan #bbe ,nov4 #bc ,new ,mexico #ii #aifa ,m>* #af ,engl& #ef ,m>* #bc-cj ,florida #bej ,april #ah ,eagle ,riv]1 ,wis4 ,pancakes #bbf ,july ,new ,mexico #eg ,july #bc ,pacific ,ocean #ajc ,augu/ ,los ,alamos1 ,n4,m4 #agg ,oct4 #b ,salt ,lake ,city1 ,utah #bde ,oct4 #ag ,ne!rl&s ,antilles #eg #aifb ,april #ah ,eureka1 ,utah #ahi ,sep4 #i ,engl& ,blue ra9 #bcd ,sep4 #aa ,sebree1 ,ky4 #bbc ,,index ,a ,accra1 ,africa1 #ej ,adamski1 ,g41 #af1 #bjc1 #bjd1 #bgh ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,gr\p1 ,u4 ,s4 ,air ,=ce1 #b1 #bga1 #bgb4 ,see also ,,atic ,a]ial ,ph5om5a ,rese>* ,organization 7,,apro71 #aha1 #bai1 #bce-cf1 #bge1 #bgh ,a]ospace ,te*nical ,intellig5ce ,c5t] 7,,atic71 #b1 #bga4 ,see also ,,atic ,aft]-image1 #bdb ,air ,def5se ,comm&1 #gb1 #id1 #aci1 #afj1 #afb1 #aff1 #afg ,air ,=ce1 ,u4 ,s41 #b1 #bgb-ge2 ,,apro *all5ge to1 #bce-cf2 conspiracy *>ges aga9/1 #fi-gj1 #bgg-gh4 ,see also ,,atic ,air ,=ce pilots1 ,,ufo sight+s by1 #gj-gb1 #aab1 #aac ,akron1 ,ohio1 #ec1 #bhj ,alamogordo1 ,n4,m41 #ib ,alaska1 #fj1 #aeb ,aldeb>an1 #bec1 #bed ,almirante ,saldanha1 #bjg ff ,alum9um foil1 #afd1 #bbd1 #bbe ,alv>ez1 ,l4 ,w41 #aci ,amaz+ ,/ories magaz9e1 #ae1 #af-ba1 #be ,am]ican ,airl9es flights1 ,u,f,os report$ f1 #eb1 #fh ,am]ican ,meteor ,society1 #hh1 #ie1 #aaa1 #acd1 #ace ,am]ican ,meteorite ,museum1 #ajb1 #agf ,analyses ( ,,ufo 8fragm5ts10 #bbj1 #bca-cd1 #bcf ,angel hair1 #bbj-bf2 alleg$ orig9s (1 #aid1 #bba2 ara*nid1 #bbj-bd2 indu/rial1 #bbd 8,angels0 on rad>1 ,pl4 ,i,vc2 collision c\rse (1 #aec-ed2 def9$1 #aea2 conditions produc+1 #aeg-fj1 #afd1 #agj2 moi/ure inv]sion &1 #aea1 #aeh-fj2 possible causes (1 #aeg-eh2 r+1 #aej1 #afe-ff2 temp]ature inv]sion &1 #aea-eb1 #aeh-fj2 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #e-f1 #ga1 #gb1 #aea-eb1 #aee-eg1 #afa1 #afd-ga1 #ahb ,ann ,arbor1 ,mi*41 #bda ,antigravity1 #aie ,aqu>id meteors1 #aaa1 #acd ,armill>ia mellea1 #aai ,arnold1 ,k41 articles by1 #ae2 ,maury ,isl& inve/igation by1 #bb2 ,,ufo sight+ by1 #ac1 #bf1 #bh1 #bi ,artificial gravitational field1 #aj1 #aic4 ,see also ,g-field ,artificial satellites1 #de1 #aaf1 #agb-gc1 #bgg1 #bhh ,a/]oids1 fragm5ts (1 #ij ,,atic1 ,,ufo inve/igations by1 #e1 #ch1 #df1 #ed1 #fh1 #gj1 #gb1 #gf1 #hj1 #ajf1 #ajh1 #aac1 #abf1 #aca1 #ace1 #acf1 #ada1 #afc1 #afi1 #agf1 #ahb1 #ahe1 #bbd1 #bcf1 #bci1 #bda1 #bde1 #bdg1 #bed1 #bha2 res\rces (1 #bgb-gc2 responsibility (1 #bga-ge ,atlantis1 #aj1 #ag1 #ah ,aurora ,borealis1 rad> e*oes f1 #afd ,b ,ball lightn+1 #agf-hj1 ,pl4 ,vb2 !ory (1 #agh2 ,,ussr reports (1 #agh ,balloon1 pibal1 #dj2 radiosonde1 #ci-dj1 #afc2 ,skyhook1 #ca-cc1 #ch1 #di2 toy1 #ef ,balloons1 bur/1 #dh1 #ej2 clu/]s (1 #da2 dogfight among1 #dg2 dogfight )1 #db-dd1 #gg-gi2 %apes (1 #cb1 #dj-da2 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #cc-ci1 #db-dd1 #df1 #dg1 #dh1 #hj1 #hb ,b>auna1 ,a41 #bjh ff ,b>k]1 ,g41 #bd ,bellefonta9e1 ,ohio1 #afb ,b]kn]1 ,l4 ,v41 #aci ,be?urum1 ,t41 #af1 #bja ,biot1 ,j4 ,b41 #hi1 #bhi ,birds1 light reflect$ f1 #abb1 #abe1 #abg1 #acj-cb2 lum9\s1 #aah1 #abg2 migrations (1 #abg2 rad> e*oes f1 #afd-ff2 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #abb-bg1 #acj-cb ,blip1 def9$1 #e ,b\ld]1 ,colo41 #bdi1 ,pl4 ,v,i,ia ,brazil1 ,u,f,os report$ f1 #ahd1 #bjf1 #bjg1 #bca-cd1 #bcf ,bubbles1 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #eg1 #eh ,bubbles ( air1 angels produc$ by1 #aea ,c ,capella1 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #afa1 #agj-ga1 #bec-ed ,c>bon #ad1 #bba ,c5tral ,intellig5ce ,ag5cy1 #gj1 #aci1 #bgh ,*ant1 ,c4 ,a41 #ajg ,*emical analysis1 ( meteorites1 #ij1 #ih2 ( ,moon ,bridge1 #bcj2 ( pancakes1 #bbg-dh2 ( sauc] fragm5ts1 #bcb-cd1 #bcf ,*esapeake ,bay1 ,va41 ,u,f,os report$ ov]1 #bef-fe ,*iles1 ,c4 ,s41 #ajh ff ,*iles-,:itt$ sight+1 #ajh-ac ,cig> %ape1 #g1 #ie1 #aji1 #bdc1 #bec ,c9c9nati1 ,ohio1 #fg1 #bbd ,civilian inve/igators ( ,u,f,os1 #ahf1 #bge-gh ,civilian ,rese>* ,int]planet>y ,fly+ ,objects 7,,crifo71 #fg ,civilian sci5ti/s1 panel (1 #ach-dc2 report (1 #adb 8,classic0 ,,ufo1 def9$1 #cc ,cl\ds1 gr9d/one1 #bf1 ,pl4 ,ia2 ice cry/als 91 #ga1 #afd1 #bdd1 #bdg2 orographic1 #bf2 se>*lights on1 #bfc1 #bff1 #bhc-he2 8/ack ( plates10 #bf1 ,pl4 ,ib2 wave1 #bf-bi ,clubs1 fly+ sauc]1 #bge-gf ,coa/ ,gu>d /ation1 ,,ufo photograph$ f1 #abb1 ,pl4 ,i,va ,coburn1 ,va41 #bbd ,co9cid5ce1 role ( 9 ,,ufo sight+s1 #bch-ci ,coleman1 ,w4 ,t41 #acb1 #beb ,collision c\rse1 app>5t1 #fj1 #ajd1 #ajf1 #aji1 #aac ,color1 ( meteors1 #ig-ih2 ( ,u,f,os1 #g ,comet1 ,,boac1 #bgf ,comet ,biela1 #ib ,comets1 discov]y (1 #ajc2 meteors associat$ )1 #ij2 remnants (1 #ij1 #ih ,cond5sation trail1 #ej ,congress1 ,u4 ,s41 #fi ,congressional inquiry1 reque/s =1 #bbg1 #bgg-gh1 #bgi ,conspiracy1 allegations (1 #aa1 #fi-gj1 #bgf1 #bgg ,contact /ories1 patt]n (1 #aii-bjj ,contactees1 #aii-bje1 #bgg ,control by intellig5ce1 app>5t1 #db1 #fj1 #fa1 #hj1 #ajd1 #aaj1 #bei ,copp] 9 meteors1 #ih ,cosmic rays1 p[] f1 #aj1 #aic ,coy1 ,c9dy1 #ach ,cramp1 ,l4 ,g41 #af ,crat]s1 meteor1 #ajj ,crisman1 ,f4 ,l41 #ba1 #bb ,cults1 fly+ sauc]1 #ajh1 #aii1 #bja-b1 #bge-gf ,curaao1 ,n4,w4,i41 #eg1 ,pl4 ,i,ia ,d ,dahl1 ,h4 ,a41 #ba ,danby1 ,calif41 #bdc ,day ! ,e>? ,/ood ,/ill1 ,,ufo pictur$ 91 #acc ,def5se1 national1 #adg1 #bcg1 #bga ,deflection1 ( rad> beams1 #aea2 ( />light1 #aid ,d]o1 #ah1 #ai1 #bb1 #be ,discov]] ,,viii1 #bgg ,disk %ape1 ( meteors1 #ie1 #ii1 #aja2 ( ,u,f,os1 #g1 #ac1 #adj1 #bhj ,disks1 fly+1 #ac4 ,see also ,,ufo ,di/ance1 difficulty ( e/imat+1 #ad1 #da1 #ed1 #ha1 #aje-f1 #aaj1 #aca1 #ahj1 #bfj-fa ,dogfight1 balloons engag$ 91 #dg2 ,gorman1 #gg-he2 ,guantnamo ,bay1 #db-dd ,draconid meteors1 #aja ,dracula's ,daught]1 #bhb1 #bhc ,duct+ conditions1 #f ,dulu?1 ,m9n41 #gb ,duplicity1 *>ges (1 #bhc-hd1 #bhg ,e ,eagle ,riv]1 ,wis41 #bbf ,e>ly ,w>n+ ,sy/em1 #aci1 #aeh1 #aff ,e>?1 d\ghnut-%ap$1 #be ,ea/]n ,airl9es flights1 ,u,f,os report$ f1 #aji-aj1 #bej ,e*o ma*9e1 rad> z1 #adg-dh ,e*o satellite1 #de ,e*oes1 rad>4 ,see ,angels ,e9/e91 ,alb]t1 #ah1 #aia1 #aie ,electrical appliances1 ,e-,m int]f]5ce )1 #agc1 #ahd1 #ahf-hg2 meteor int]f]5ce )1 #ahe1 #ahi ,electromagnetic 7,e-,m7 effects1 ,,nicap /udy (1 #ahf-hh ,electromagnetic =ce1 #agb-ge1 #ahh ,electromagnetic ph5om5a1 reports (1 #agc1 #aha1 #ahd-hg ,ellswor? ,air ,=ce ,base1 #afg ,engl&1 blue ra9 91 #bcd2 invisible ,u,f,os 91 #afe ,eureka1 ,utah1 #ahi ,evid5ce1 nature (1 #d-f ,extrat]re/rial be+s1 possible communication )1 #c1 #baf-ag ,extrat]re/rial visitors1 alleg$ signals f1 #aa1 #afe2 appe>ance (1 #bjj1 #bja2 languages us$ by1 #ahc1 #bjj1 #bjc2 report$ contact )1 #ahc-hd1 #ahf1 #aii-bjj1 #bjc-d ,f ,fallacies ab\t meteors1 #if-ig ,false t>gets on rad>4 ,see ,angels ,f>m+ton1 ,n4,m41 #dh-di ,fate magaz9e1 #ae1 #af1 #bb ,fe> ( ! unkn[n1 #aba-bc ,film1 ,u,f,os f\nd on1 #bdg-ej1 ,pls4 ,v,i,ib1 ,v,i,i,ia1 ,v,i,i,ib ,fireball1 ( ,sept4 #ah1 #aied1 #ib-ic2 8,sun%9e10 #ace ,fireballs1 #ajc-f2 clu/]s (1 #ajd-g2 conf]5ce on1 #id2 gre51 #ib-ie1 #ig1 #ih2 (ficial records (1 #hh-hi1 #ie-if1 #ii2 sl[1 #ib1 #ii1 #ajg-h ,fitzg]ald sight+1 #bgi-hh ,fl[] & ,cook ,obs]vatory1 #aaa ,fly+ bird cage1 #bda-db ,fly+ egg1 #age1 #aha-hb1 #ahd ,fly+ hubcap1 #bje ,fly+ sauc]1 clubs1 #bge-gf2 def9$1 #b2 fir/ report (1 #ac4 ,see also ,,ufo ,fly+ ,sauc]s magaz9e1 #bd-be1 #bbg1 #bgf ,foo balls1 #gc ,=ce field1 #agb1 #aij1 #aia1 #bba ,=t1 ,c41 #a1 #b1 #c1 #aj1 #af1 #ah1 #bj ,=t ,itaipu1 ,brazil1 #agc1 #ahd ,=t ,pi]ce1 ,fla41 #bej ,=t5b]ry1 ,w4 ,h41 #bef1 #beh1 #bei ,fragm5ts ( alleg$ ,u,f,os1 #bc1 #bai-bj1 #bcj1 #bca-cc1 #bce-cf ,france1 angel hair report$ 91 #bbj-bb2 ,,ufo photograph$ 91 #abc1 ,pl4 ,i,vb ,fraud1 9 contact /ories1 #bjb ,friction1 atmosph]ic1 #aid ,fri5d1 ,r4 ,j41 #abg ,fry1 ,d4 ,w41 #bjj ,g ,ga9esville1 ,fla41 #ea ,galileo1 #aia1 #aib1 #bgf ,gem9id meteors1 #f1 #ih1 #aja ,g-field1 plane cra% attribut$ to1 #aed2 propulsion by1 #aij1 #aic2 !ory (1 #aij-ie ,g-field beam1 rev]s$1 #aed ,gho/s1 rad>4 ,see ,angels ,godman ,air ,=ce ,base1 #cc-ci ,gorman1 ,g4 ,f41 ,,ufo sight+ by1 #gg-hj ,gossam]1 #bbj4 ,see also ,angel hair ,g\dsmit1 ,s4 ,a41 #aci ,gravity1 =ce (1 #ah1 #aie-if2 law (1 #aie2 negative1 #aie2 self-conta9$1 #bjb2 %ield =1 #aid-ie ,gre5 fireballs1 #ib-ie1 #ig1 #ih2 ,los ,alamos conf]5ce on1 #id ,gre5l&1 phantom t>gets 91 #aff ,griffis ,air ,=ce ,base1 #fh ,guantnamo ,bay1 ,cuba1 #db-dd ,gulf ( ,mexico1 #e-f1 #ahb ,gulliv]1 ,l41 #agb ,h ,hamilton ,air ,=ce ,base1 #df ,han=d1 ,wa%41 #ace ,h>v>d ,college ,obs]vatory1 #aaa1 #aac1 #age ,height-f9d+ rad>1 #aec1 #aef1 #afb1 #afc ,h]get1 ,p41 #fg ,h]manas1 ,n4,m41 #dg ,hidd5 ,_w1 #be ,hoax1 ,ilha dos ,amores1 #bjf2 ,maury ,isl&1 #ba-bc2 ,s*midt1 #ahc2 ,sc\tma/]1 #acf-cg2 ,%av]1 #ag-ba ,hoaxes1 #aih-ii1 #bai2 photographic1 #bjc-g1 ,pls4 ,v,ia1 ,v,ib1 #bac-af2 ,,ufo1 #aii ,humidity1 inv]sions (1 #aea1 #aeg-eh ,hynek1 ,j4 ,a41 #cg1 #ajh1 #aaa1 #aac1 #abg1 #ada1 #bgc ,i ,ice cry/als1 rad> e*oes f1 #ga1 #afd2 sundogs f1 #bdd1 #bdg ,ices1 vaporiz+1 #id ,icy cometoid1 #ij1 #ih1 #aja ,ilha dos ,amores1 #bjf ,in]tia1 law (1 #aid-ie ,inf]5ce1 di/+ui%$ f obs]vation1 #e-f1 #gd2 limitations (1 #d-e ,insects1 rad> e*oes f1 #afd-fe ,in/itute ( ,meteoritics1 #ic1 #ajb1 #age ,intellig5ce1 app>5t control ( ,u,f,os by1 #fa1 #hj1 #aaj1 #afh1 #bei ,int]cont95tal balli/ic missiles1 meteors z possible1 #aje2 rad> angels z possible1 #aff ,int]planet>y travel1 #ai1 #gg-gh1 #baf-ag4 ,see also ,spacecraft ,inv]sions1 moi/ure1 #aeg-eh2 temp]ature1 #fe1 #bec-ed1 #bfi ,inve/igations1 ,congressional1 #bbg1 #bgg-gh1 #bgi ,inve/igators1 ,air ,=ce1 #bga-ge2 civilian1 #bge-gg ,invisible ,u,f,os1 reports (1 #ade1 #aeb1 #aee1 #afe1 #aic1 #bjb ,ionization1 def9$1 #aid2 angel hair produc$ by1 #bba2 radio int]f]5ce by1 #ib1 #agh1 #ahe1 #ahg1 #ahi ,j ,james1 ,r4 ,l41 #aeb1 #aef ,japan1 ,u,f,os report$ f1 #gc-ge ,jessup1 ,m4 ,k41 #aj1 #af ,jet planes1 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #ej1 #ea1 #eb-ef1 #bea ,johannesburg1 ,s\? ,africa1 #ea ,jupit]1 mirages (1 #ha-he1 #ada-db2 se5 ?r\gh jet trail1 #he-hf ,k ,ke>ney1 ,nebr41 #ahc ,k5tucky1 ,,ufo ov]1 #eh1 ,pl4 ,i,ib ,keyhoe1 ,d4 ,e41 #aj1 #af1 #fi1 #aei1 #bgf1 #bgg ,killian case1 #eb-ef ,k9ross case1 #aed ,kites1 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #ef-eg1 ,pl4 ,i,ia ,korea1 ,,ufo reports f1 #gc-ge ,khru%*ev1 #aff1 #bce ,kuip]1 ,g4 ,p41 #bcj ,l 8,l&+s0 ( spacecraft1 #ahj1 #ahc-he1 #bjc-d1 #bci ,la ,paz1 ,l41 #ic1 #ajb1 #age ,laputa1 #agb ,las ,cruces1 ,n4,m41 #bfg ,lemuria1 #aj1 #ag1 #ah1 #bjj ,l5s1 defects 9 photographic1 #abc1 #bdh1 ,pls4 ,v,i,i,ia1 ,v,i,i,ib2 ( air1 #fc1 #hc1 #bee ,leonid meteors1 #ij1 #ib ,levell&1 ,tex41 ,u,f,os1 #agd-gf1 #agi ,liddell1 ,u41 #ca ,life magaz9e1 #ie1 #abi1 #acd1 #bei1 #bfh ,life1 possibility ( extrat]re/rial1 #d1 #baf-ag1 #bfi ,light1 deflection (1 #aid2 refraction (1 #fc-ff2 velocity (1 #ai1 #aej ,lightn+1 ball1 #agf-hj1 ,pl4 ,vb2 p9*$1 #agg1 ,pl4 ,va2 types (1 #agg ,lights1 ,lubbock1 #abc-bg2 reflections (1 #abg2 unfamili>1 #eb-ef1 #bdj-da1 #bej-eb2 rotat+1 #gc-ge ,l9coln1 ,nebr41 #agh 8,little ,m510 #aii1 #bbj ,lock ,rav5 ,dam1 #ahj ,logical defect1 9 ,,ufo beliefs1 #adc ,look magaz9e1 #acd1 #baj1 #bei ,lor5z51 ,c41 #aha1 #bce1 #bcf ,los ,alamos1 ,n4,m41 #agg2 conf]5ce on fireballs1 #id ,lubbock lights1 #abc-bg ,lum9osity1 ( birds1 #aah-bg2 ( fungi1 #aai-bj2 ( meteors1 #ii-ajj1 #ajf-g ,m ,magnesium1 9 meteors1 #ih2 9 ,,ufo fragm5ts1 #bcf ,magnetic field1 #agb1 #aib ,magnetic =ce1 isl& propell$ by1 #agb2 ,u,f,os atta*$ by1 #di ,magnetic l9es ( =ce1 plane cra% attribut$ to1 #aib-ic ,magnetism1 #ah1 #agb-gc1 #aib1 #aie-if ,maney1 ,c4 ,a41 #bfj ,manhattan ,bea*1 ,calif41 #di ,mantell case1 #cc-ci1 #aib1 #bdg ,m>s1 z space base1 #gf2 com=t-lov+ creatures on1 #baf2 mirages (1 #gf1 #bec2 opposition (1 #gf2 possibility ( intellig5t life on1 #bfi2 space%ip orbit f1 #gg-gh ,m>ysville1 ,ohio1 #bbb ,maury ,isl& hoax1 #ba-bc ,m5g]1 ,h41 #bjb ,m5zel1 ,d4 ,h41 #gc1 #ib1 #ie1 #age1 #baj1 #bcj1 #bde1 #bdi1 #bed ,meteor processions1 #ajg-h ,meteor %[]s1 #ij-ic1 #aaa1 #acd2 dates (1 #ia ,meteor trail1 lum9\s1 #hh1 #ib1 #if1 #ajj1 #ajg2 photograph (1 #ii1 ,pl4 ,i,i,ia ,meteorites1 composition (1 #ij1 #ih1 #aja2 recov]y (1 #aja-c ,meteoritics1 meteors record$ 91 #hh-hi1 #ie-if1 #ii ,meteors1 colors (1 #ig-ih2 explod+1 #if1 #ajj1 #ajd1 #bcj1 #bcf2 false beliefs ab\t1 #if-ig2 =mations (1 #ajd1 #ajf-g2 lum9osity (1 #ii-ajj1 #ajf-g2 numb]s se51 #aaa1 #acd1 #ace2 odors f1 #hi2 pa?s (1 #ih-ii1 ,pl4 ,i,i,ia2 radio & ,,tv int]f]5ce by1 #ahe1 #ahg1 #ahi2 s\nds made by1 #if1 #ajj-a2 spectra (1 #id1 #ig-ih2 /ructure (1 #ih1 #ajj-a2 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #hh1 #ajh-ac1 #ahe1 #bci-dj2 velocity (1 #ic1 #ih1 #ajf ,mi*el1 ,a41 #aj1 #af ,mirage1 ( ,*icago skyl9e1 #bed2 ( m\nta9 peaks1 #bf-bg2 on gun-b>rel highway1 #bed-ee ,mirages1 causes (1 #fc-ff1 #bee2 ( planets1 #ff-fg1 #ha-he1 #ada-db1 #bec2 ( />s1 #fj-fb1 #afa1 #agj-ga1 #bec-ed2 on rad>1 #aea-eb ,missiles1 ,u,f,os int]pret$ z1 #ic-ie1 #aff1 #bca ,mock sun1 #ch1 #bdd-dg ,moi/ure1 inv]sions (1 #aea1 #aeg-eh ,mon/]1 ,new ,j]sey1 #aih2 ,we/ ,virg9ia1 #acg-ch ,moon1 hidd5 side (1 #bjc2 inhabitants (1 #bjb-c2 planet hidd5 by1 #bja2 rad> e*oes f1 #afd1 #aff1 #afg2 ,,ufo base on1 #bbh2 und]gr\nd cities on1 #bbh ,moon ,bridge1 #bbh-cj2 spectrographic analysis (1 #bcj ,moonwat*1 #aij1 #bbh ,moore1 ,o41 #ahe ,"m %ip1 #aae1 #aii1 #bja ,mu1 #ah ,mummifi$ m51 #bai ,murray1 ,ky41 #if ,mu%rooms1 lum9\s1 #aai-bj2 odor (1 #abj ,my?1 ,g-field1 #aic-ie ,n ,na%1 ,w4 ,b41 #bef1 #beg1 #beh1 #bei1 #bfj1 #bfb1 #bfd ,na%-,=t5b]ry case1 #bef-fe ,national ,inve/igations ,committee on ,a]ial ,ph5om5a 7,,nicap71 #de1 #bgf-gh4 ,see also ,,nicap ,negative gravity1 #aie ,new ,hav51 ,conn41 #bca ,new ,mexico1 gre5 fireballs 91 #ib1 #ic-ie ,newton1 ,isaac1 #ah1 #aia1 #aid1 #aie ,,nicap1 ,e-,m effects /udi$ by1 #ahf-hh2 memb]%ip (1 #bgg2 pancakes /udi$ by1 #bbf-bh2 ,ryan case /udi$ by1 #fi-gj ,nike site1 ,,ufo report$ f1 #bci ,n9+]1 ,h4 ,h41 #ajb1 #agf ,norfolk1 lum9\s owls (1 #aah-ai ,norton ,c\nty1 ,kansas1 meteor fall at1 #ajb-c ,norway1 #bdh1 ,pl4 ,v,i,ib ,o ,odessa1 ,wa%41 #fb ,(fice ( ,sci5tific ,intellig5ce1 #aci1 #adb1 #adc ,olivi]1 ,c4 ,p41 #ie ,orbit ( ,m>tian space%ip1 #gg-gh ,orogr&e1 ,n4,m41 #aha ,owls1 lum9\s1 #aah-ai ,ozma1 ,project1 #baf-ag ,p ,pacific ocean1 #aje-f ,page1 ,t4 ,w41 #aci1 #bhg ,palm]1 ,r4 ,a41 #ae-ba1 #bc1 #bf1 #bbg ,pan ,am]ican ,airl9es flights1 ,u,f,os report$ f1 #ajc1 #ajd-f1 #bef ,pancakes1 extrat]re/rial1 #bbf-bh ,panel ( civilian sci5ti/s1 #ach-dc2 report (1 #adb ,panic1 gr[? ( #aieb1 #acc-ce2 gr[? ( #aieg1 #agd-gf ,p>acelsus1 #agb ,p>allel univ]ses1 #i ,pelicans1 ,,ufo report bas$ on1 #acj ,p]seid meteors1 #ih1 #aaa1 #acd ,phantoms1 rad>4 ,see ,angels ,phosphoresc5t organisms1 #aai-bj ,photographs1 ,u,f,os 91 #abb1 #acj-cb1 #bje-g1 #bdh2 by gun-cam]a1 #afb-fc1 #afh1 #agj ,photography1 trick1 #bje1 #bji1 #bab1 #bae ,pibal1 #dj1 #df ,pile d'assiettes1 #bf1 ,pl4 ,ib ,pilots1 ,u,f,os report$ by1 #gj1 #ib1 #ajc-f1 #aji-aj1 #bej1 #bef ,p9*$ lightn+1 #agg1 ,pl4 ,va ,plane cra%es attribut$ to ,u,f,os1 #aa1 #bc1 #ce1 #aed1 #aib1 #bgf ,planets1 extra-sol>1 #aj1 #bag2 mirages (1 #ff-gf1 #ha-he1 #ada-db1 #bec ,plank1 ,v4 ,g41 #aeh ,plato1 #ah ,port ,huron1 ,mi*41 #afj ,presque ,isle1 ,me41 #aci ,probability1 me?ods (1 #ahg-hh ,project ,ozma1 #baf ,project ,tw9kle1 #id ,propulsion1 !ories ( ,,ufo1 #aij-ic ,publications1 ,,ufo1 #fg1 #bge-gf ,pu]to ,rico fireball1 #ii1 ,pl4 ,i,i,ib ,r ,rad>1 z report]1 #ade-dg2 exp]im5ts 91 #aeb-ec1 #aeg-fj2 pr9ciple (1 #adg-ej2 r+ angels on1 #afe-ff ,rad> e*oes1 f ice cry/als1 #ga1 #afd2 f moon1 #afd1 #afg2 int]pretation (1 #ade-dg2 possible s\rces (1 #afd4 ,see also ,angels ,rad>scope1 me*anism (1 #adf ,rad>-visual ,u,f,os1 #afj-fc1 #afg-ga ,radio a/ronomy1 #baf ,radio noise f space1 #bag ,radio-,,tv failures1 #aha1 #ahd-hg ,radio waves1 behavior (1 #aec2 scatt] (1 #aec1 #afd2 second>y reflection (1 #aed1 #aeh2 velocity (1 #aej ,radioactivity1 #ce1 #hj1 #acg1 #agb1 #ahe ,radiosonde1 #ci-dj1 #afc ,ra91 blue1 #bcd2 silv]1 #bca-cd ,rapid ,city1 ,s4,d41 #afg-gj ,r$ ,bluff1 ,calif41 #bec ,reflections1 multiple1 #bfc1 #bff2 ,u,f,os f1 #bdb-dd1 #bdh1 #bdi-ej1 ,pls4 ,v,i,ia1 ,v,i,ib ,refraction1 atmosph]ic1 #fc-ff1 #bfi2 ( rad> beams1 #aeh-fj ,refractive index1 #aei1 #afj ,rheims1 ,france1 #bde ,r+ angels1 #aef1 #afe-ff ,rob]tson1 ,h4 ,p41 #aci ,rob9s ,air ,=ce ,base1 #aab ,rocket1 report$ z ,,ufo1 #dd-de ,rosalia1 ,wa%41 #df ,rotat+ lights ( ,japan1 #gc-ge ,ruppelt1 ,e4 ,j41 #abf1 #abg1 #acc1 #afg ,russia1 ball lightn+ 91 #agh ,ryan case1 #fh-gj ,s ,sal9a1 ,kans41 #afd1 ,pl4 ,i,vc ,salt ,lake ,city1 ,utah1 #bde-dg ,sam=d1 ,j4 ,a41 #aeg ,satellites1 artificial1 #aaf1 #agb1 #agc1 #bgg2 natural1 #ajh ,saturn1 visitors f1 #ahc1 #ahf1 #bjj1 #bjc ,saturn-l ,u,f,os1 #g1 #bjf1 #bjg1 #bad ,sauc]4 ,see ,,ufo ,sauc]dom1 my?s (1 #aj-aa1 #aic-ie ,scatt] ( rad> beams1 #afd1 #agj-ga ,s*ill+ ,air ,=ce ,base1 #afd1 ,pl4 ,i,vc ,s*midt1 ,r41 #ahc ,sci5ce1 me?ods (1 #c1 #bhi ,sci5ce fiction1 #a1 #i1 #ag1 #ai1 #bc-be1 #bjj ,sci5ti/s1 views on ,u,f,os1 #aci1 #adb1 #adc1 #bae1 #bfi-gj1 #bhg ,sc\tma/]1 ,,ufo report$ by1 #acf ,scully1 ,f41 #af ,sea gulls1 ,,ufo reports bas$ on1 #aba-bb1 #acj-cb1 #bac ,se>*lights on cl\ds1 #bfc1 #bff1 #bhc1 #bhe ,sebago1 ,u4 ,s4 ,coa/ ,gu>d cutt]1 #ahb ,sebree1 ,ky41 #bbc ,second>y reflection ( rad> beam1 #aed1 #aeh ,secrecy1 alleg$ ,air ,=ce1 #cg1 #fi-gj1 #aed1 #aeg1 #bhc2 alleg$ gov]nm5t1 #bjb ,security1 national1 #adg1 #bga1 #bge1 #bhi ,%apes ( ,u,f,os1 #g-h1 #bjf-g ,%av] hoax1 #ag-ba1 #be ,%eep ,rock sauc]1 #bbd ,%effield ,lake1 ,ohio1 #bgi ,sib]ian meteor ( #aijh1 #ajj1 #aja ,silv] iodide1 #bbe ,silv] ra91 #bca-cd 8,simultane\s0 rad>-visual ,,ufo sight+s1 #e-f1 #gb1 #afj-fc1 #afg-ga1 #ahb ,sirius1 mirages (1 #fa-fc ,size1 difficulty ( e/imat+ ,,ufo1 #ad1 #ed1 #aca1 #aha1 #bfj ,skyhooks1 #ca-cc ,smi?sonian ,a/rophysical ,obs]vatory1 #eg1 #ii1 #age1 #bgc ,s\nd1 associat$ ) meteors1 #if1 #ajj-a2 associat$ ) ,u,f,os1 #g1 #aic2 velocity (1 #adg ,spacecraft1 bases =1 #bbh2 8l&+s0 by1 #ahc-he1 #bjc-d1 #bci2 motive p[] (1 #aib-ic2 occupants (1 #ahc1 #aii1 #bjj1 #bjc1 #bbj1 #bbf2 signals f1 #aa1 #afe2 !ories ab\t1 #aj-aa1 #aij-ie ,spectra ( meteors1 #id1 #ig-ih ,spid]s1 angel hair produc$ by1 #bbj-bd ,sputnik ,,ii1 #aaf1 #agc ,/4 ,elmo's fire1 #agf ,/ack1 =mations1 #di1 #beg1 #bfe-ff2 ( co9s1 #di2 ( plates1 #bf ,/>s1 hypo!tical planets (1 #aj1 #baf ,/ati/ical summ>ies ( ,,ufo cases1 #bgd ,/ones f heav51 #hi1 #bhi ,sundogs1 #ch1 #bdd-dg ,sup]refractive conditions1 #aei ,sutton1 ,w4 ,va41 mon/]1 #acg ,sylacauga1 ,ala41 meteorite1 #hh1 #bcj ,t ,tack]1 ,l4 ,j41 #bce1 #bcf ,taorm9a1 ,sicily1 #bje1 ,pl4 ,v,ia ,taurid meteors1 #ij1 #aja1 #ahi ,temp]ature inv]sions1 displacem5t ( image by1 #fe2 l[-level1 #aee1 #aeg2 mirages caus$ by1 #hb1 #aeg1 #agj1 #bec-ed1 #bfi2 multiple1 #hb1 #aeh1 #bec2 rad> angels f1 #aea1 #aeh-fj1 #agj ,t]o1 #ai1 #be ,tex>kana1 ,ark41 #aff ,t91 9 alloys1 #bcd2 9 sauc] fragm5ts1 #bcb ,tombaugh1 #bef1 #bff-gj2 ,,ufo report$ by1 #bfh ,trans ,_w ,airl9es flight1 ,u,f,os report$ f1 #gj ,travel1 int]planet>y1 #ai1 #gg-gh1 #baf-ag2 9 "t1 #aa ,tremonton1 ,utah1 movies1 #acj-cb ,tr9dade ,isl& ,,ufo1 #bjf-af1 ,pl4 ,v,ib ,true magaz9e1 #aeh ,tru?1 alleg$ ,air ,=ce concealm5t1 #cg1 #fi-gj1 #ajg1 #aed1 #aeg-eh1 #bbj1 #bgg1 #bhc ,tumblewe$s1 z ,u,f,os1 #eg ,,tv set1 malfunction (1 #ahe4 ,see also ,e-,m effects ,u ,,ufo1 z misnom]1 #bga2 def9$1 #b ,,ufo reports1 ,air ,=ce /udy (1 #bgb-ge2 commone/ explanations (1 #aje-f1 #bge2 witnesses mak+1 #b1 #bgb ,,ufo ,rese>* ,committee ( ,akron1 ,ohio1 #bgf1 #bgi1 #bha1 #bhh2 ,fitzg]ald case /udi$ by1 #bhc-hg2 ,killian case /udi$ by1 #ec ,u,f,os1 colors (1 #g2 electromagnetic1 #agb-ge2 =mations (1 #aad-af2 fragm5ts (1 #hh1 #bcj-cg2 invisible1 #aj1 #ade1 #aeb1 #aee-eg1 #afe1 #aic1 #aid1 #bjb2 motions (1 #g2 rad> reports (1 #e1 #aeb1 #aee-eg2 %apes (1 #g-h2 sil5ce (1 #aic2 s\nds made by1 #g1 #aic2 types (1 #f-i2 velocity (1 #ac1 #abd1 #abi1 #afa1 #aic1 #aid1 #beh ,unid5tifi$ fly+ object1 #b4 ,see also ,u,f,os ,unifi$ field !ory1 #aif ,unit$ ,airl9es flights1 ,,ufo report$ f1 #ib1 #aje ,unkn[ns1 #bgd4 ,see ,u,f,os ,v ,van ,tassel1 ,g4 ,w41 #bja1 #bjb ,vapor lock1 #ahh1 #aij ,velocity1 difficulty ( e/imat+ ,,ufo1 #ad1 #da1 #aca2 ( light1 #ai1 #aej2 ( meteors1 #ic1 #ih-ajj2 ( radio waves1 #aej2 ( s\nd1 #adg ,v5us1 magnitude (1 #ff2 mirages (1 #fg-ge1 #aha2 visitors f1 #bjc ,visitors1 extrat]re/rial1 #d1 #aj-aa1 #ahc-hd1 #ahf1 #aii-bjj1 #bjc-d ,w ,wallops ,isl&1 ,va41 #dd-de ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 8invasion10 #aee-eg ,wa%+ton1 ,ga41 #bbe ,wave cl\ds1 #bf-bi ,wea!r1 effects on rad>1 #aej-ea1 #aed1 #aee1 #aeg-eh ,wea!r balloons1 #ca-cc4 ,see also ,balloons ,:ite1 ,t4 ,d41 #bcg ,:ite ,pass1 ,wa%41 #bh1 ,pl4 ,ia ,:ite ,s&s1 ,n4,m41 #ib1 #ahj ,:itt$1 ,j4 ,b41 #ajh4 ,see also ,*iles-,:itt$ sight+ ,wilk9s1 ,h4 ,p41 #bbh ,wilk9s1 ,h4 ,t41 #af ,witnesses1 ,,ufo beliefs (1 #eb1 #ed1 #hj1 #ajd1 #ajf1 #aaj1 #afh1 #bei1 #bfi ,wright-,patt]son ,air ,=ce ,base1 ,,ufo sight$ f1 #gj-gb ,x ,x5o*emi/ry1 #bca ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,punctuation1 hyph5ation1 & spell+ 7 made consi/5t :5 a pr$om9ant pref]5ce 0 f\nd 9 ! orig9al book2 o!rwise !y 7 n *ang$4 ,simple typographical errors 7 correct$2 unbalanc$ quotation m>ks 7 rem$i$ :5 ! *ange 0 obvi\s1 & o!rwise left unbalanc$4 ,illu/rations 9 ?is e,book h be5 position$ betwe5 p>agraphs & outside quotations4 ,ea* ,plate 9 ! orig9al book conta9$ two or ?ree photographs & "o %>$ caption4 ,9 ?is e,book1 ea* photograph has its own caption4 ,?is book uses endnotes foll[+ ea* *apt]4 ,9 ! orig9al book1 ! endnote numb]s began at 8#a0 = ea* *apt]4 ,9 ?is e,book1 ^? numb]s are reta9$1 b are prec$$ by ! *apt] numb] & a hyph5 to make !m unique4 ,a few endnotes include an 8a0 suffix4 ,_m ref]5ces to endnotes t ref]5ce ano!r book are foll[$ by a pair ( squ>e brackets conta9+ ! page numb] 9 t o!r book4 ,! book also has f\r footnotes t orig9ally 7 at ! bottoms ( pages1 b h be5 mov$ "h to foll[ ! p>agraphs t ref]5ce !m4 ,!y use simple 8abcd0 ref]5ces4 ,! sup]script on page #aid is %[n z #cc & ! subscripts 9 ,figure #h are %[n z #a or #b4 ,?ree endnotes are unref]5c$ 7,,xii-#ad1 ,,xiii-#b & ,,xiii-#f72 sev]al are ref]5c$ m ?an once4 ,! index 0 n sy/ematically *eck$ = prop] alphabetization or correct page ref]5ces4