,,! ,,game ,,( ,,g ,,! ,,national ,,game ,,( ,,japan ,,by ,,ar?ur ,,smi? ,,new ,,york ,,m(fat1 ,,y>d ,,company #aijh ,,preface ,?is book is int5d$ z a practical guide to ! game ( ,g4 ,x is especially design$ to assi/ /ud5ts ( ! game :o h acquir$ a smatt]+ ( x 9 "s way & :o wi% to inve/igate x fur!r at _! leisure4 ,z f> z ,i "k !re is no "w 9 ! ,engli% language on ! game ( ,g z play$ 9 ,japan4 ,!re is an article on ! ,*9ese game by ,z4 ,volpicelli1 9 ,vol4 ,,xxvi ( ! 8,j\rnal ( ! ,*9a ,bran* ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society40 ,?is article ,i h n consult$4 ,!re is also a %ort description ( ! ,japanese game 9 a "w on 8,korean ,games ) ,notes on ! ,correspond+ ,games ( ,*9a & ,japan10 by ,/ew>t ,cul91 b ?is description w\ld be ( little practical use 9 le>n+ to play ! game4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 an exhau/ive treatise on ! game 9 ,g]man by ,o4 ,kors*elt4 ,?is c be f\nd 9 ,p>ts #ba-bd ( ! 8,mit!ilung5 d] deuts*5 ,gesells*aft fr ,natur- und ,vlk]kunde ,o/asi5s40 ,! /ud5t c\ld readily le>n ! game f ,h]r ,kors*elt's article if x 7 available1 b 8 "w has n be5 translat$1 & x is obta9able only 9 a few libr>ies 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ! prep>ation ( ?is book ,i h borr[$ freely f ,h]r ,kors*elt's "w1 especially 9 ! *apt] devot$ to ! hi/ory ( ! game1 & ,i h also adopt$ _m ( 8 illu/rative games & problems4 ,h]r ,kors*elt 0 an excell5t play]1 & acquir$ 8 k ( ! game f ,murase ,%uho1 :o 0 ! be/ play] 9 ,japan at ! "t 8 article 0 writt5 7ab\t #ahhj74 ,my acqua9tance ) ! game has be5 acquir$ f ,mr4 ,moki*i ,nakamura1 a ,japanese resid5t ( ?is c\ntry1 :o is an excell5t play]1 & ^: en?usiasm = ! game l$ me to attempt ?is book4 ,mr4 ,nakamura has also suppli$ mu* ( ! mat]ial :i* ,i h us$ 9 x4 ,t[>d ! end ,i h _h ! exp]t assi/ance ( ,mr4 ,jihei ,ha%igu*i1 ) :om read]s ( ! ,new ,york ,sun are already acqua9t$4 ,:]ev] possible ,i h giv5 ! ,japanese words & phrases :i* are us$ 9 play+ ! game1 & = ^? :o are n famili> ) ! sy/em ( writ+ ,japanese ) ,roman *>act]s1 ,i may say t ! consonants h ! s\nds us$ 9 ,engli%1 & ! v[els ! s\nds t are us$ 9 ,italian1 all ! f9al v[els be+ s\nd$4 ,?us1 8dame0 is pron\nc$ z ?\gh spell$ 8dahmay40 ,new ,york1 ,april1 #aijh4 ,,introduction ,! game ( ,g belongs to ! class ( games ( :i* our ,*ess1 ?\gh v dissimil>1 is an example4 ,x is play$ on a bo>d1 & is a game ( pure skill1 into :i* ! elem5t ( *ance does n ent]2 moreov]1 x is an exce$+ly difficult game to le>n1 & no "o c expect to acquire ! mo/ sup]ficial k ( x )\t _m h\rs ( h>d "w4 ,x is said 9 ,japan t a play] ) ord9>y aptitude = ! game w\ld h to play t5 ?\s& games 9 ord] to atta9 pr(essional rank ( ! l[e/ degree4 ,:5 we ?9k t x w\ld take tw5ty-sev5 ye>s to play t5 ?\s& games at ! rate ( "o game p] day1 we c get "s idea ( ! ,japanese e/imate ( its difficulty4 ,! difficulty ( ! game & ! rem>kable am\nt ( "t & labor :i* x is necess>y to exp5d 9 ord] to become ev5 a mod]ately good play]1 are ! reasons :y ,g has n spread to o!r c\ntries s9ce ,japan has be5 op5$ to =eign int]c\rse4 ,= ! same reasons few =eign]s :o live !re h become famili> ) x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 its int5se int]e/ is atte/$ by ! foll[+ say+ ( ! ,japanese3 8,g u*i wa oya no %9i me ni mo awanu10 :i* means t a man play+ ! game w\ld n leave (f ev5 to be pres5t at ! dea?-b$ ( a p>5t4 ,i h f\nd t beg9n]s 9 ?is c\ntry to :om ,i h %[n ! game always seem to f9d x int]e/+1 al?\gh s f> ,i h kn[n no "o :o has progress$ beyond ! novice /age4 ,! m x is play$ ! m its beauties & opportunities = skill become app>5t1 & x may be unhesitat+ly recomm5d$ to t "p ( ! community1 h[ev] small x may be1 = :om games requir+ skill & pati5ce h an attraction4 ,x is natural to comp>e x ) our ,*ess1 & x may safely be said t ,g has no?+ to fe> f ! comp>ison4 ,inde$1 x is n too mu* to say t x pres5ts ev5 great] opportunities = =esight & ke5 analysis4 ,! ,japanese also play ,*ess1 :i* !y call 8,%ogi10 b x is slightly diff]5t f our ,*ess1 & _! game has n be5 s well develop$4 ,g1 on ! o!r h&1 has be5 zeal\sly play$ & sci5tifically develop$ = c5turies1 & z w appe> m at l5g? 9 ! *apt] on ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,game1 x has1 dur+ "p ( ?is "t1 be5 recogniz$ & fo/]$ by ! gov]nm5t4 ,until rec5tly a sy/ematic treatm5t ( ! game1 su* z we are accu/om$ to 9 our books on ,*ess1 has be5 lack+ 9 ,japan4 ,a copi\s lit]ature _h be5 produc$1 b x consi/$ mo/ly ( collections ( illu/rative & annotat$ games1 & ! ,g ma/]s seem to h _h a desire to make _! m>g9al annotations z brief z possible1 9 ord] to compel ! beg9n] to g to ! ma/] = in/ruction & to le>n ! game only by h>d practice4 ,*ess & ,g are bo? 9 a s5se milit>y games1 b ! milit>y tactics t are repres5t$ 9 ,*ess are ( a pa/ age1 9 :i* ! k+ himself ent]$ ! conflict--8 fall g5]ally mean+ ! loss ( ! battle--& 9 :i* ! victory or defeat 0 br\ght ab\t by ! c\rage ( s+le noblem5 r ?an ?r\gh ! fight+ ( ! common soldi]s4 ,g1 on ! o!r h&1 is n m]ely a picture ( a s+le battle l ,*ess1 b ( a :ole campaign ( a mod]n k9d1 9 :i* ! /rategical movem5ts ( ! masses 9 ! end decide ! victory4 ,battles occur 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! bo>d1 & sometimes sev]al are go+ on at ! same "t4 ,/rong positions are besieg$ & captur$1 & :ole armies are cut (f f _! l9e ( communications & are tak5 prison]s unless !y c =tify !mselves 9 impregnable positions1 & a f>-rea*+ /rategy alone assures ! victory4 ,x is difficult to say :i* ( ! two games gives m pleasure4 ,! comb9ations 9 ,g suff] 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( ,*ess by reason ( a c]ta9 monotony1 because !re are no pieces hav+ diff]5t movem5ts1 & because ! /ones are n mov$ aga9 aft] once be+ plac$ on ! bo>d4 ,also to a beg9n] ! play1 especially 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! game1 seems vague2 !re are s _m po9ts on :i* ! /ones may be play$1 & ! am\nt ( t]ritory obta9able by "o move or ! o!r seems hopelessly indef9ite4 ,?is objection is m app>5t ?an real1 & z "o's k ( ! game gr[s1 x becomes app>5t t ! fir/ /ones mu/ be play$ ) great c>e1 & t !re are c]ta9 def9ite1 advantage\s positions1 :i* limit ! play] 9 8 *oice ( moves1 j z ! recogniz$ ,*ess op5+s guide our play 9 t game4 ,/ones s play$ 9 ! op5+ are call$ 8,joseki0 by ! ,japanese4 ,nev]!less1 ,i ?9k t 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! game ! play is some:at indef9ite = any play] ( ord9>y skill4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ^! consid]ations are balanc$ by ! great] numb] ( comb9ations & by ! great] numb] ( places on ! bo>d :]e conflicts take place4 ,z a rule x may be said t two av]age play]s ( ab\t equal /r5g? w f9d m pleasure 9 ,g ?an 9 ,*ess1 = 9 ,*ess x is almo/ c]ta9 t ! fir/ ( two su* play]s :o loses a piece w lose ! game1 & fur!r play is mo/ly an unsuccessful /ruggle aga9/ c]ta9 defeat4 ,9 ,g1 on ! o!r h&1 a sev]e loss does n by any means entail ! loss ( ! game1 = ! play] tempor>ily wor/$ c betake himself to ano!r portion ( ! field :]e1 = ! mo/ "p unaffect$ by ! rev]se already suff]$1 he may ga9 a comp5sat+ advantage4 ,a peculi> *>m ( ,g lies 9 ! fact t ?r\gh ! s-call$ 8,ko0 an app>5tly sev]e loss may (t5 be made a means ( secur+ a decisive advantage 9 ano!r portion ( ! bo>d4 ,a game is s mu* ! m int]e/+ ! (t5] ! opportunities = victory or defeat *ange1 & 9 ,*ess ^! *ances d n *ange (t51 seldom m ?an twice4 ,9 ,g1 on ! o!r h&1 !y *ange mu* m frequ5tly1 & sometimes j at ! end ( ! game1 p]haps 9 ! la/ mom5ts1 an almo/ c]ta9 defeat may by "s clev] move be *ang$ into a victory4 ,!re is ano!r respect 9 :i* ,g is di/9ctly sup]ior to ,*ess4 ,t is 9 ! sy/em ( h&icapp+4 ,:5 h&icaps are giv5 9 ,*ess1 ! :ole op5+ is m or less spoil$1 & ! scale ( h&icaps1 f ! ,bi%op's ,pawn to ,que5's ,rook1 is n v accurate2 & 9 "o v>iation ( ! ,muzio gambit1 s f> f be+ a h&icap1 x is really an advantage to ! fir/ play] to give up ! ,que5's ,knight4 ,9 ,g1 on ! o!r h&1 ! h&icaps are 9 a progressive scale ( great accuracy1 !y h be5 giv5 f ! e>lie/ times1 & ! op5+s ) h&icaps h be5 /udi$ q z mu* z ^? )\t h&icaps4 ,9 reg>d to ! "t requir$ to play a game ( ,g1 x may be said t ord9>y play]s f9i% a game 9 an h\r or two1 b z 9 ,*ess1 a *ampion%ip game may be cont9u$ ?r\gh sev]al sitt+s1 & may la/ eight or t5 h\rs4 ,!re is on record1 h[ev]1 an au!ntic acc\nt ( a game t 0 play$ = ! *ampion%ip at ,y$do dur+ ! ,%ogunate1 :i* la/$ cont9u\sly n9e days & "o night4 ,be=e tak+ up a description ( ! bo>d & /ones & ! rules ( play1 we w fir/ outl9e a hi/ory ( ! game4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,introduction vii ,,*apt] ,i ,hi/ory ( ! ,game #a ,,*apt] ,,ii ,description ( ! ,bo>d & ,/ones #ah ,,*apt] ,,iii ,rules ( ,play #bf ,,*apt] ,,iv ,g5]al ,me?ods ( ,play & ,t]m9ology ( ! ,game #eg ,,*apt] ,v ,illu/rative ,games #fh ,,*apt] ,,vi 8,joseki0 & ,op5+s #aai ,,*apt] ,,vii ,! ,end ,game #ahf ,,*apt] ,,viii ,problems #bja ,,illu/rations ,,page ,sato ,tadanobu1 a ,samurai ( ! ,twelf? ,c5tury1 def5d+ himself ) a 8goban10 :5 attack$ by 8 enemies ,frontispiece ,play+ ,g #bb ,i ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,game ,! game ( ,g is probably ! olde/ ( all kn[n games4 ,x 0 play$ by ! ,*9ese f e>lie/ antiquity1 & has be5 play$ 9 its pres5t =m by ! ,japanese = ov] elev5 c5turies1 b :ile ! game orig9at$ 9 ,*9a1 ! ,japanese h f> surpass$ ! ,*9ese 9 skill at ! game1 & x has come to be reg>d$ 9 ,japan z _! national game4 ,9 ! old ,*9ese works ?ree p]sons are nam$ z ! orig9ators ( ! game1 b 9 ,japan its inv5tion is commonly attribut$ to only "o ( ^!4 ,?is man is ! ,*9ese emp]or ,%un1 :o reign$ f #bbee to #bbjf ,b4,c4 ,x is said t ?is emp]or inv5t$ ! game 9 ord] to /r5g!n ! weak m9d ( 8 son ,%ang ,kiun4 ,by o!rs ! inv5tion ( ! game is attribut$ to ! pr$ecessor ( ,%un1 ! emp]or ,yao1 :o reign$ f #bceg to #bbef ,b4,c4 ,if ?is !ory is correct x w\ld make ! game ab\t =ty-two hundr$ ye>s old4 ,! ?ird !ory is t ,wu1 a vassal ( ! ,*9ese emp]or ,kieh ,kwei 7#ahah-agfg ,b4,c47 inv5t$ ! game ( ,g4 ,to ! same man is (t5 attribut$ ! inv5tion ( games ( c>ds4 ,x w\ld seem t ?is la/ !ory is ! mo/ cr$ible1 because x w\ld make ! inv5tion m rec5t1 & because ! inv5tor is said to h be5 a vassal & n an emp]or4 ,:atev] may be ! tru? 9 reg>d to ! orig9 ( ! game1 x is p]fectly c]ta9 t ,g 0 already kn[n 9 ,*9a 9 e>ly antiquity4 ,9 old ,*9ese works1 ( :i* ! olde/ is dat$ ab\t a ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 a game :i* c be easily recogniz$ z ,g is m5tion$ casually1 s t at t "t x mu/ h be5 well kn[n4 ,we are told also t 9 ,*9a some:]e ab\t #bjj ,b4,c41 poetry & ,g w5t h& 9 h&1 & 7 9 high favor1 & a poet1 ,bayu1 :o liv$ ab\t ! ye> #bdj ,a4,d41 made himself fam\s ?r\gh poems 9 :i* he sang ! praises ( ! game4 ,x is rem>kable t 9 ! old books x is /at$ t 9 ! ye> #cjj ,a4,d4 a man by ! "n ( ,osan 0 s skill$ 9 ,g t he c\ld take all ! /ones f ! bo>d aft] ! game _h be5 f9i%$ & !n play x ov] f memory4 ,?is is ( int]e/ also z %[+ t 9 ! c\rse ( "t play+ ! game has _h ! effect ( /r5g!n+ ! memory ( ,g play]s1 because !re are n[ hundr$s ( play]s 9 ,japan :o c replace a game move = move aft] x has be5 dis>rang$4 ,x is 9 fact ! cu/om>y ?+ = a tea*] ( ! game to play ! game ov] 9 t way 9 ord] to criticise ! moves made by ! /ud5t4 ,anecdotes h come d[n to u f ! old ,*9ese times 9 reg>d to ! game1 ( :i* we w m5tion only "o1 :i* %[s h[ highly x 0 e/eem$4 ,%a ,an1 a man :o liv$ 9 ! "t ( ! ,ts9 ,dyna/y 7#bfe-dai ,a4,d471 c>ri$ on a w> ) 8 nephew ,%a ,g54 ,gr[+ tir$ ( tak+ life1 !y left ! victory to be decid$ by a game ( ,g1 :i* !y play$ aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,! e/eem 9 :i* play]s 7 held 9 ! old ,*9ese times is also %[n by ! titles ) :i* !y 7 honor$2 to wit1 8,kisei0 or 8,ki ,%+10 f 8,ki10 mean+ ,g1 & 8,sei10 a holy man1 & 8,%+10 magician or sage4 ,9 ! "t ( ! ,tang ,dyna/y 7#fah-ijf ,a4,d471 & aga9 dur+ ! ,sung ,dyna/y 7#ifj-aabf ,a4,d471 ! fir/ books ab\t ,g 7 writt54 ,! game !n fl\ri%$ 9 ,*9a1 & !re 7 !n _m di/+ui%$ play]s 9 t c\ntry4 ,accord+ to ! ,japanese reckon+ ( "t1 ,g 0 introduc$ into ,japan 9 ! p]iod ,tem pyo1 dur+ ! reign ( ! emp]or ,%omu1 :i* accord+ to ! ,*9ese records 0 ! ?irte5? ye> ( ! p]iod ,ti5 ,tao1 & dur+ ! reign ( ! emp]or ,huan ,tsung4 ,accord+ to our cal5d> ?is w\ld be ab\t ! ye> #gce ,a4,d4 ,a man o!rwise well kn[n 9 ! hi/ory ( ,japan1 ,kibi ,daij91 0 s5t z an envoy to ,*9a 9 t ye>1 & x is said t he br\ght ! game back ) him to ,japan4 ,g may h be5 kn[n 9 ,japan be=e t date1 b at any rate x mu/ h be5 kn[n ab\t ?is "t1 = 9 ! sev5? mon? ( ! t5? ye> ( ! p]iod ,tem pyo 7,a4,d4 #gch71 we are told t a ,japanese nobleman nam$ ,kumo%i 0 play+ ,g ) ano!r nobleman nam$ ,adzumabito1 & t 9 a qu>rel result+ f ! game ,kumo%i kill$ ,adzumabito ) 8 sword4 ,on its introduction into ,japan a new era op5$ 9 ! developm5t ( ! game1 b at fir/ x spread v sl[ly1 & x is m5tion$ a hundr$ ye>s lat] t ! numb] ( ,g play]s among ! nobility 7& to !m ! k ( ! game 0 entirely conf9$7 0 v small inde$4 ,9 ! p]iod call$ ,ka%o 7#hdh-hea ,a4,d471 & 9 ,n9 ,ju 7#hea-hed ,a4,d471 a ,japanese pr9ce dwelt 9 ,*9a1 & 0 !re taught ! game by ! be/ play] 9 ,*9a4 ,! foll[+ anecdote is told 9 reg>d to ?is pr9ce3 t 9 ord] to d him honor ! ,*9ese all[$ him to meet ! be/ play]s1 & 9 ord] to cope ) !m he hit ^u ! idea ( plac+ 8 /ones exactly 9 ! same way z ^? ( 8 oppon5t2 t is to say1 :5 8 oppon5t plac$ a /one at any po9t1 he w\ld place 8 /one on a po9t symmetrically opposite1 & 9 t way he is said to h won4 ,9 reg>d to ?is anecdote x may be said t ! ,*9ese mu/ h be5 v weak play]s1 or !y w\ld spe$ily h f\nd means ( ov]com+ ?is me?od ( def5se4 ,we next he> t 9 ! ye> #hej a ,japanese nam$ ,wak9o became fam\s z a great devotee ( ! game4 ,he play$ cont9u\sly day & night1 & became s engross$ 9 ! game t he =got ev]y?+ else absolutely4 ,9 ! next two c5turies ! k ( ! game did n ext5d beyond ! c\rt at ,kioto4 ,inde$1 x appe>s t x 0 =bidd5 to play ,g any:]e else ?an at c\rt4 ,at all ev5ts we are told t 9 ! p]iod call$ ,otoku 7#ajhd-ajhg ,a4,d47 ! ,pr9ce ( ,dewa1 ^: "n 0 ,ki[>a no ,mahira1 secretly introduc$ ! game into ! prov9ce ( ,o%u1 & play$ !re ) 8 vassals4 ,f t "t n only ! numb] ( ! nobility :o play$ ! game increas$ rapidly1 b ! common p z well began to take x up4 ,our frontispiece illu/rates an incid5t :i* is said to h occurr$ ab\t ?is "t 9 ! city ( ,kamakura4 ,a samurai nam$ ,sato ,tadanobu1 :o 0 a vassal ( ,yo%itsune1 a bro!r ( ,yoritomo1 ! fir/ ,%ogun ( ,japan1 0 play+ ,g 9 8 h\se :5 he 0 sudd5ly attack$ by 8 enemies1 & he is depict$ us+ ! 8,goban0 z a weapon :]e) to def5d himself4 ,! pr9t is by ,kuniyo%i1 & is "o ( a s]ies ! title ( :i* might be translat$ z 8,our ,favorite ,h]o ,s]ies40 ,! 8,g ban10 8,g i%i10 & 8,g tsubo0 look precisely l ^? :i* are at pres5t 9 use1 b ,kuniyo%i probably repres5t$ ! type 9 use 9 8 day & n 9 ! "t ( ,yoritomo1 z x is pretty well settl$ t 9 ! e>ly times ! bo>d 0 small]4 ,!re is also a /ory :i* comes d[n f ! ,kamakura p]iod 9 reg>d to ,hojo ,yo%itoki4 ,he is said to h be5 play+ ,g ) a gue/ at ! mom5t t news arriv$ ( ! upris+ ( ,wada ,yo%imori4 ,yo%itoki is said to h fir/ f9i%$ ! game 9 p]fect calmness be=e he ?\ght ( 8 measures = subdu+ ! revolution4 ,?is 0 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ,kempo1 or #abac ,a4,d4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irte5? c5tury we f9d t ,g 0 widely kn[n 9 ! samurai class1 & 0 play$ ) zeal4 ,at t "t ev]ybody :o w5t to w>1 f ! mo/ fam\s g5]al d[n to ! meane/ soldi]1 play$ ! game4 ,! bo>d & /ones 7 c>ri$ ) !m to ! field ( battle1 & z soon z ! battle 0 ov]1 !y 7 br\ght out1 & ! fri5dly /rife began4 ,_m ( ! monks & poets ( t p]iod also _h a ta/e = ,g1 & sev]al ( !m are m5tion$ z celebrat$ ,g play]s4 ,all ?ree ( ! great ,japanese g5]als1 ,nobunaga1 ,hideyo%i1 & ,iyeyasu1 7 devotees ( ! game4 ,x is relat$ t ,nobunaga came to ,kioto 9 ! t5? ye> ( ,t5 ,%o1 #aehb ,a4,d41 & liv$ 9 ! ,honnoji ,temple4 ,"o night ! celebrat$ ,g play]1 ,san%a1 ( :om m h]eaft]1 came & play$ ) him until midnight4 ,san%a _h sc>cely tak5 8 dep>ture :5 ! upris+ ( ,ake*i ,mitsuhide broke out4 ,9 ! p]iods ,g5ki 7#aegj-aegb71 ,t5 ,%o 7#aegc-aeia7 until ,kei*o 7#aeif-afad71 & ,g5 ,wa 7#afae-afbc71 !re 7 _m celebrat$ play]s among ! monks1 poets1 f>m]s & tradespeople4 ,!y 7 call$ to ! c\rts ( ! daimios & to ! halls ( ! nobles1 ei!r 9 ord] t ! nobility might play ) !m1 or m frequ5tly m]ely to exhibit _! skill at ! game4 ,?is cu/om exi/$ up to ! "t ( ! fall ( ! ,%ogunate4 ,t ! ,japanese c\ld f9d pleasure 9 m]ely wat*+ a game t is s ab/ract 9 its nature & s difficult to und]/& is evid5ce ( ! fact t !y 7 !n a highly cultivat$ p intellectually4 ,we f9d no?+ l x 9 ?is c\ntry except 9 ! n>r[e/ ,*ess circles4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ,g atta9$ su* a high developm5t t !re appe>$ a s]ies ( exp]t play]s :o f> surpass$ any?+ kn[n be=e4 ,( ^! ! mo/ fam\s 7 ,hon9bo ,san%a ,ho91 ,nakamura ,doseki1 ,haya%i ,rig51 ,in\ye ,inseki1 & ,yasui ,santetsu4 ,san%a 0 ! son ( a m]*ant ( ,kioto4 ,:5 he 0 n9e ye>s old he %av$ 8 head1 nam$ himself ,nikkai1 & became a ,buddhi/ monk 9 ! ,temple ( ,%okokuji1 :i* 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal temples ( ! ,ni*i ,r5 sect 9 ,kioto4 ,f 8 e>ly life ,san%a 0 v skilful at ! game1 & ^u giv+ up 8 pr(ession z a monk1 he obta9$ p]mission to in/itute a s*ool ( ,g play]s1 & he !n took ! "n ( ,hon9bo ,san%a4 ,he 0 on t]ms ( famili> int]c\rse ) ,nobunaga1 ,hideyo%i & ,iyeyasu1 (t5 accompani$ !m on _! travels & campaigns1 & 0 pres5t at _m ( ! battles ( t tr\bl\s epo*4 ,! s*ool ( ,g :i* ,hon9bo op5$1 h[ev]1 0 m]ely a private und]tak+4 ,! fir/ ,/ate in/itution 9 :i* ,g 0 taught 0 f\nd$ by ,hideyo%i 9 ! p]iod ,t5 ,%o 7#aegc-aeia71 b x seems to h _h a %ort exi/5ce1 & ! p]man5t in/itution :i* la/$ until ! fall ( ! ,%ogunate 0 f\nd$ by ! successor ( ,hideyo%i1 ,iyeyasu4 ,iyeyasu became ,%ogun 9 ! ye> #afjc1 & ! f\ndation ( ! ,g ,academy or 8,g ,910 z ! ,japanese call x1 mu/ h occurr$ soon aft] he asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,hon9bo ,san%a1 :o 0 /ill ! be/ ,g play] 9 ,japan1 0 nam$ z ! head ( ! in/itution4 ,! o!r mo/ skilful ma/]s 7 in/all$ z pr(essors ) good sal>ies4 ,to ,hon9bo ,san%a1 ! director1 0 giv5 #cej tsubo ( l& 7a tsubo is z big z two ,japanese mats or tatami1 & is !re=e six feet squ>e71 & an annual rev5ue ( #bjj koku ( rice 7a koku is a little m ?an five bu%els74 ,m5 ( ! be/ intellig5ce c\ld n[ d$icate !mselves to ! education ( /ud5ts & ! fur!r developm5t ( ! game1 fre$ f ! c>es ( e>n+ a livelihood4 ,9 bo? respects ! in/itute 0 em95tly successful4 ,its graduates 7 mu* m skilful ?an ! previ\s g5]ation ( ,g play]s liv+ 9 ! l&4 ,!y devot$ !mselves entirely to ! game1 & ei!r f\nd positions z play]s at ! c\rt ( a daimio1 or travel$ ?r\gh ! c\ntry 7l ! poets & swordsm5 ( t p]iod71 play+ ! game & giv+ in/ruction 9 its my/]ies z !y f\nd opportunity4 ,if !y came to a place :i* pleas$ !m1 !y (t5 let _! ye>s ( w&]+ come to an end & rema9$ !re1 mak+ _! liv+ z tea*]s ( ! game4 ,at ! "t ( ! f\nd+ ( ! ,academy1 besides ,hon9bo1 ! previ\sly m5tion$ ma/]s1 ,haya%i1 ,in\ye1 & ,yasui1 7 in/all$ z pr(essors4 ,= "s reason1 ,nakamura1 :o is m5tion$ above z "o ( ! contempor>ies ( ,hon9bo1 did n appe> at ! ,academy4 ,ea* ( ! f\r ma/]s above nam$ f\nd$ 8 s*ool or me?od ( play indep5d5tly ( ! o!rs1 & ! cu/om exi/$ t ea* tea*] adopt$ 8 be/ pupil z a son1 & ?us _h a successor at 8 dea?2 s ! tea*]s 9 ! ,academy 7 always nam$ ,hon9bo1 ,in\ye1 ,haya%i1 & ,yasui4 7,lov]s ( ,japanese pr9ts are already famili> ) ?is cont9u$ simil>ity ( names47 ,! be/ play]s ( ! ,academy _h to appe> e ye> be=e ! ,%ogun & play = 8 amusem5t4 ,?is c]emony 0 call$ 8,g z5 ,g10 :i* means 8play+ ! game 9 ! augu/ pres5ce10 or 8,o %iro ,g10 8,%iro0 mean+ 8! honorable palace10 & ! ma/]s ( ! game ent]$ ^! conte/s ) ! same det]m9ation t 0 display$ by ! samurai on ! field ( battle4 ,an anecdote has come d[n to u f ! reign ( ! ?ird ,%ogun1 ,tokugawa ,iyemitsu1 %[+ h[ highly ! ,g ma/]s reg>d$ _! art4 ,at t "t ,yasui ,san*i 0 8,meij910 :i*1 z we %all see 9 a mom5t1 meant ! highe/ rank 9 ! ,g _w1 :ile ,hon9bo ,sanyetsu held ! rank ( 8,jo zu10 :i* 0 almo/ z high1 b :i*1 accord+ to ! rules1 w\ld entitle him to a h&icap ( "o /one f 8 exp]t adv]s>y2 & ^! two m51 be+ ! be/ play]s1 7 select$ to play 9 ! ,%ogun's pres5ce4 ,hon9bo1 feel+ consci\s ( 8 skill1 disda9$ to accept ! h&icap1 & met 8 adv]s>y on ev5 t]ms4 ,! game 0 proce$+ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! c\rt nobles be=e ! ,%ogun _h appe>$1 & among ! spectators 0 ,matsudaira ,higo no ,kami1 "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful noblem5 ( t epo*4 ,yasui ,san*i 0 a favorite ( ,matsudaira & z he wat*$ ! play he rem>k$ audibly t ,hon9bo w\ld surely be defeat$4 ,hon9bo ,sanyetsu he>d ! rem>k1 & paus+ 9 8 play1 he all[$ ! /one :i* he 0 ab\t to place on ! bo>d to fall back into ! 8,g tsubo0 or wood5 j> t holds ! ,g /ones1 g5tly cov]$ ! 8,g tsubo10 & draw+ himself up ) great dignity1 said3 8,i am s]v+ ! ,%ogun ) ! art ( ,g1 & :5 we ,g ma/]s ent] a conte/1 x is 9 ! same _s z w>riors g ^u ! field ( battle1 /ak+ our life1 if necess>y1 to decide ! conte/4 ,:ile we are do+ ?is we d n all[ int]f]5ce or comm5ts f any "o1 no matt] h[ high may be 8 rank4 ,al?\gh ,i am n ! greate/ ma/] ( ! game1 ,i hold ! degree ( #8,jo zu1' &1 !re=e1 !re are few play]s 9 ,japan :o are able to appreciate my plans1 tactics1 or /rategy4 ,nev]!less1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,higo has unw>rant$ly prophesi$ my defeat4 ,i d n und]/& :y he has done ?is1 b if su* a comm5t 7 all[$ to become a prec$5t1 & onlook]s 7 p]mitt$ to make :atev] comm5ts on ! game !y saw fit1 x w\ld be bett] t ! cu/om ( ! #8,o %iro ,g' %\ld cease40 ,hav+ said ?is1 he rais$ himself f 8 seat4 ,at ?is mom5t ! c\rt (fic]s ann\nc$ ! com+ ( ! ,%ogun1 & ! noblem5 :o _h assembl$ to see ! conte/1 surpris$ & confus$ by ! turn affairs _h tak51 e>ne/ly p]suad$ ,hon9bo to reseat himself & cont9ue ! game4 ,?is he ob/9ately refus$ to d1 & endeavor$ to leave ! imp]ial *amb]4 ,pr9ce ,matsudaira1 tak5 aback1 sc>cely knew :at to d4 ,h[ev]1 he kot[$ to ,hon9bo &1 pr(usely apologiz+1 bes\ght ! (f5d$ ma/] to f9i% ! conte/4 ,hon9bo ,sanyetsu 0 appeas$1 & resum$ 8 seat at ! bo>d1 & bo? play]s1 ar\s$ by ! incid5t1 ex]t$ e ef=t to a*ieve victory4 ,hon9bo ,sanyetsu won1 :]eupon ! ,pr9ce ( ,higo 0 greatly humiliat$4 ,s9ce !n ! "n ( ,sanyetsu has always be5 rev]$ z "o ( ! greate/ ( ! ,hon9bo family4 ,9 ! deg5]ate days t[>d ! end ( ! ,tokugawa ,dyna/y ! 8,g z5 ,g0 became a m]e f>ce1 & ! games 7 all play$ ?r\gh & /udi$ out be=eh&1 9 ord] t ! c]emony 9 c\rt might n la/ too long4 ,! cu/om 01 h[ev]1 ma9ta9$ until ! fall ( ! ,%ogunate 9 #ahfh4 ,hon9bo ,san%a e/abli%$ at ! "t ( ! f\ndation ( ! ,academy a me?od ( classify+ ! play]s by giv+ !m degrees1 :i* /ill exi/s1 al?\gh no long] "u ! au?ority ( ! ,/ate4 ,:5 a man atta9$ to a c]ta9 measure ( skill 9 ! game he receiv$ ! title 8,%odan10 or1 ( ! fir/ degree4 ,! /ill /rong] play]s 7 arrang$ z 8,nidan10 8,s&an10 8,yodan10 etc41 or ( ! second1 ?ird1 & f\r? degrees4 ,! highe/ degree 9 ! s]ies 0 8,kudan10 or ! n9? degree4 ,9 ord] to atta9 ! fir/ degree1 or 8,%odan10 ! c&idate mu/ be an excell5t play]1 s good 9 fact t he c\ld foll[ ! game z a pr(ession4 ,9 o!r games su* a graduat$ sy/em ( classify+ play]s w\ld be sc>cely possible1 b among good ,g play]s x is feasible1 because ! bett] play] almo/ inv>iably w9s1 ev5 if he be b slightly sup]ior4 ,if ! diff]5ce 9 skill c\ld n be equaliz$ 9 "s way ! game w\ld become tiresome1 z ! weak] play] w\ld almo/ always be able to =esee 8 defeat4 ,! /rong] play]1 !re=e1 all[s 8 adv]s>y to place en\gh /ones on ! bo>d z a h&icap to make ! adv]s>ies approximately equal4 ,accord+ to ! rules ( ! ,academy1 if ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! skill ( ! play]s 0 only "o degree1 ! weak] play] w\ld be all[$ ! fir/ move4 ,if ! diff]5ce 0 two degrees1 ! weak] play] w\ld be all[$ to place a /one on ! bo>d1 & ! /rong] play] w\ld h ! fir/ move1 & s on2 9 o!r words1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ea* degree might be call$ half a /one4 ,?us1 a play] ( ! f\r? degree w\ld all[ a play] ( ! fir/ degree to place two /ones on ! bo>d z a h&icap1 b w\ld h ! fir/ move4 ,a play] ( ! sev5? degree w\ld all[ a play] ( ! fir/ degree ?ree /ones1 & a play] ( ! n9? degree w\ld all[ a play] ( ! fir/ degree f\r /ones4 ,f\r 0 ! highe/ h&icap all[$ among ! play]s hold+ degrees1 b1 z we %all see lat]1 among play]s ( less skill great] h&icaps are frequ5tly giv54 ,a play] ( ! sev5? degree also receiv$ ! honor>y title 8,jo zu10 or ! high] h&4 ,^? ( ! eigh? rank 7 call$ 8,kan %u10 or ! half-way /ep1 & ^? ( ! n9? degree 7 call$ 8,mei %u10 ! cle>1 bright h&1 or 8,mei j910 lit]ally 8celebrat$ man40 ,x is relat$ t ?is la/ appellation arose 9 ! "t ( ,nobunaga1 :o 0 a spectator ( a game play$ by ,hon9bo ,san%a ) "s contempor>y1 & :o express$ 8 admiration ( ! skill ( ,hon9bo by exclaim+ 8,mei j960 :i* ?us became ! title appli$ to play]s ( ! highe/ skill4 ,s9ce ! in/itution ( ?is me?od ( classify+ ,g play]s ov] ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago1 !re h be5 only n9e play]s :o h atta9$ ! n9? degree1 & only f\rte5 play]s :o h atta9$ ! eigh? degree4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re h be5 _m m ( ! sev5?1 & _m m /ill ( ea* ( ! l[] degrees4 ,9 #ahhj1 at ! "t ,kors*elt wrote ! article previ\sly ref]r$ to1 !re 0 only "o play] 9 ,japan hold+ ! sev5? degree1 & t 0 ! celebrat$ ,murase ,%uho4 ,at pres5t !re is "o play] :o holds ! n9? degree4 ,8 "n is ,hon9bo ,%uyei1 & he is ! only play] :o has atta9$ ! n9? degree dur+ ! p]iod call$ ! 8,meiji10 or s9ce ! fall ( ! ,%ogunate =ty ye>s ago4 ,?is arrangem5t ( ! play]s 9 degrees is unkn[n 9 ,*9a & ,korea4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is 9 use 9 ! ,ryukyu or ,loo*oo ,isl&s4 ,! ,japanese seem to h reg>d$ ! classification 9 degrees z an absolute /&>d ( measurem5t4 ,nev]!less1 x mu/ necess>ily h v>i$ f "t to "t1 & 9 ! c\rse ( c5turies ! /&>d mu/ gradually h ris54 ,play]s ( high rank :o are *all5g$ by ! improv+ play]s ( ! l[] grades w in/9ctively desire to make x m difficult = ! new play]s to atta9 ! high] degree1 because _! own fame1 :i* is _! highe/ possession1 dep5ds ^u ! result ( ! game2 & assum+ t all trial games c\ld be conduct$ 9 an imp>tial & judicial _s1 nev]!less1 all ! play]s w\ld become m exp]t f ! h>d practice1 ev5 if _! skill 9 relation to ea* o!r rema9$ ! same4 ,?us a sev5? degree play] ( to-day w\ld be bett] 9 a ye> al?\gh he /ill rema9$ 9 ! sev5? degree1 & ?is con/ant rais+ ( ! /&>d mu/ lead u to suppose t a play] ( ! sev5? degree n[ is q equal or p]haps sup]ior to an eigh? or n9? degree play] ( a hundr$ or two hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,z an illu/ration ( ?is increase 9 skill1 we only h to comp>e ! /&>d set 9 ! ,ryukyu ,isl&s4 ,!y also e/abli%$ ! classification 9 degrees soon aft] ! f\ndation ( ! ,academy 9 ,japan1 & !n ! two in/itutions seem to h lo/ t\*4 ,kors*elt relates t = ! fir/ "t ab\t ! ye> #ahhj a ,g play] ( ! second degree f ! ,satsuma prov9ce visit$ ^? ,isl&s & tri$ 8 skill ) _! be/ play]s1 & f\nd t he c\ld easily defeat ! play]s !re classifi$ z ( ! fif? degree4 ,! position z head ( ! ,academy 0 mu* covet$ by ,g play]s1 b x 0 g5]ally held by ! ,hon9bo family4 ,"o ( ! la/ incid5ts 9 relation to ! ,academy tells ( an attempt on ! "p ( ,in\ye ,inseki1 ! elev5? ( t l9e1 to obta9 ! head%ip ( ! ,academy :5 ,hon9bo ,j[a1 :o 0 ! twelf? ,hon9bo1 retir$4 ,inseki 0 afraid he c\ld n obta9 ! covet$ position by a conte/1 & !re=e /rove to obta9 x by intrigue f ! ,%ogun's (fic] intru/$ ) ! bus9ess ( ! ,academy4 ,:5 ,j[a retir$ he 0 n unaw>e ( ! desires ( ,inseki1 b x did n tr\ble him mu*1 z he felt confid5t t ! f\rte5? ,hon9bo1 ^: "n 0 ,%uwa1 c\ld successfully def5d 8 title4 ,h[ev]1 at la/ matt]s came to su* a po9t t ,j[a ord]$ ,%uwa to pres5t a petition to ! ,%ogun reque/+ t ! title be settl$ by conte/1 b ! ,%ogun's (fic]1 :o 0 9 league ) ,inseki1 return$ ! petition1 :]eupon all ( ! ,hon9bo h\se rose & insi/$ on _! rights 9 accordance ) cu/om & prec$5t1 & at la/ _! petition 0 grant$4 ,x 0 fix$ t ! title 0 to be decid$ by t5 games1 & ! fir/ game began at ! resid5ce ( ! ,%ogun's (fic]1 ,inaba ,tango no ,kami1 on ! #bi? ( ,novemb]1 9 ! elev5? ye> ( ,tempo 7ab\t sixty-six ye>s ago71 & x end$ ! same ye> on ! #ac? ( ,decemb]4 ,!re 0 an adj\rnm5t ( f\r days1 & on "o occasion ! conte/ la/$ all night4 ,!re=e 9 all x took n9e days & "o night to f9i% ! game4 ,x is unnecess>y to say t bo? play]s put =? all _! ef=ts 9 ?is life & dea? /ruggle1 & x is said t ,inseki's excitem5t 0 s int5se z to cause blood to gu% f 8 m\?1 b he f9ally lo/ by f\r /ones1 & ! o!r n9e games 7 n play$4 ,inseki1 h[ev]1 mortifi$ by 8 defeat1 aga9 *all5g$ ,%uwa4 ,?is game began on ! #af? ( ,may 9 ! ?irte5? ye> ( ,tempo1 & la/$ two days4 ,inseki aga9 lo/ by six /ones4 ,on ,novemb] #ag? ( ! same ye> a ?ird conte/ took place betwe5 ,%uwa & ,inseki 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,%ogun 9 8 palace at ,tokio4 ,inseki aga9 lo/ by f\r /ones4 ,9 all ^! conte/s ,inseki z ! *all5g] _h ! fir/ move1 & he f9ally became conv9c$ ( 8 inability to w9 f ! scion ( ! ,hon9bo family1 & ab&on$ 8 life-long desire1 & x is relat$ t !reupon ! h\ses ( ,hon9bo & ,in\ye became m fri5dly ?an ev]4 ,9 ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ,g _h a p]iod ( great developm5t4 ,?is occurr$ accord+ to ! ,japanese cal5d> 9 ! p]iods call$ ,bun ,kwa 7#ahjd-ahah71 ,bun ,sei 7#ahah-ahbi71 & ,tempo 7#ahcj-ahdd74 ,! collection ( specim5 games ( t "t are to-day reg>d$ z models1 & ! me?ods ( play & ( op5+ ! game !n 9 use are /ill /udi$1 al?\gh !y h be5 some:at sup]s$$4 ,! be/ games 7 play$ by ! ,hon9bos ,dosaku & ,j[a & ,yasui ,san*i4 ,on ! fall ( ! ,%ogunate 9 ! ye> #ahfh ! ,g ,academy came to an end1 & ) x ! regulation ( ! game by ! ,/ate4 ,a few ye>s lat] ! daimios 7 dispossess$1 & !y did n feel an obligation z private individuals to reta9 ! s]vices ( ! ,g play]s :o _h be5 9 att5dance at _! c\rts4 ,!reupon ensu$ a sad "t = ! ma/]s ( ! game1 :o _h !ret(ore = ! mo/ "p liv$ by ! practice ( _! art1 & to make ?+s /ill worse1 ! ,japanese p lo/ _! int]e/ 9 ,g4 ,^u ! op5+ ( ! c\ntry ! p turn$ ) en?usiasm to ! =eign]s4 ,=eign ?+s 7 m priz$ ?an native ?+s1 & among ! ?+s ( native orig9 ! game ( ,g 0 neglect$4 ,ab\t ! ye> #ahhj1 h[ev]1 a reaction set 92 int]e/ 9 ! old national game 0 reviv$1 & at ! pres5t day x is fo/]$ ) z mu* zeal z 9 ! old5 times4 ,mo/ ( ! high] (ficials ( ! gov]nm5t1 & also ! (fic]s 9 ! army & navy1 are skill$ play]s4 ,! great daily newspap]s ( ! capitals h a ,g dep>tm5t1 j z "s ( our p]iodicals h a dep>tm5t devot$ to ,*ess1 & ! game is v mu* play$ at ! hot spr+s & heal? resorts1 & clubs1 & tea*]s ( ! art are f\nd 9 all ( ! l>g] cities4 ,g has always reta9$ some?+ ( its e>ly ari/ocratic "*1 & 9 fact1 x is /ill reg>d$ z necess>y = a man ( ref9em5t to possess a c]ta9 skill at ! game4 ,dur+ ! rec5t ,russo-,japanese ,w> ! /rategy employ$ by ! ,japanese comm&]s c]ta9ly sugge/$ ! me?ods ( play us$ 9 ! game ( ,g4 ,:e!r ?is 0 an accid5tal resemblance or n ,i _c say4 ,at ,liao ,yang x seem$ z if ,m>%al ,oyama _h got ?ree ( ! necess>y /ones advantage\sly plac$1 b ! ,russians escap$ be=e ! f\r? c\ld be mov$ into position4 ,at ! f9al battle ( ,mukd5 ! envelop+ /rategy *>act]i/ic ( ! game 0 c>ri$ out ) /ill great] success4 ,at ! pres5t "t ! division into ! f\r s*ools ( ,hon9bo1 ,in\ye1 ,haya%i1 & ,yasui1 no long] exi/s1 & ,g play]s are divid$ into ! s*ools ( ,hon9bo & ,hoy5%a4 ,?is latt] s*ool 0 e/abli%$ ab\t ! ye> #ahhj by ,murase ,%uho1 to :om ref]5ce has already be5 made4 ,! ,hon9bo s*ool is ! successor ( ! old ,academy1 :ile ! new s*ool has made "o or two innovations1 "o ( ! mo/ =tunate be+ a rule t no game %all la/ long] ?an tw5ty-f\r h\rs )\t int]ruption4 ,! ,hoy5%a s*ool also recogniz$ ! degree 8,inaka ,%odan10 :i* means ! 8fir/ degree 9 ! c\ntry10 & is all[$ to a class ( play]s :o are reg>d$ z entitl$ to ! fir/ degree 9 _! native t[n1 b :o are g5]ally undeceiv$ :5 !y meet ! recogniz$ 8,%odan0 play]s ( ! metropolis4 ,:ile 9 ,japan ,g has atta9$ su* a high developm5t1 l>gely ?r\gh ! help ( ! gov]nm5t1 z has be5 %[n1 x seems to be decad5t 9 its mo!rl& ( ,*9a4 ,! ,japanese play]s assure u t !re is no play] 9 ,*9a equal to a ,japanese play] ( ! fir/ degree4 ,9 ,korea also ! game is play$1 b ! skill !re atta9$ is also imm5sely bel[ ! ,japanese /&>d4 ,hav+ n[ giv5 an idea ( ! importance ( ! game 9 ! eyes ( ! ,japanese1 & ! l5g? ( "t x has be5 play$1 we w proce$ to a description ( ! bo>d & /ones1 & !n take up ! details ( ! play4 ,,ii ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,bo>d ,,& ,,/ones ,! bo>d1 or 8,g ,ban0 z x is call$ 9 ,japanese1 is a solid block ( wood1 ab\t sev5te5 & a half in*es long1 sixte5 in*es broad1 & g5]ally ab\t f\r or five in*es ?ick4 ,x has f\r deta*able feet or legs s t z x /&s on ! floor x is ab\t eight in*es high4 ,! bo>d & feet are always /a9$ yell[4 ,! be/ bo>ds 9 ,japan are made ( a wood call$ 8,kaya0 7,torreya ,nucif]a7 a species ( yew4 ,!y are also made ( a wood call$ 8,i*o0 or ,g+ko 7,salisburia adiantifolia7 & ( 8,h9oki0 7,?uya ,obtusa7 a k9d ( c$>4 ,at all ev5ts !y mu/ be ( h>d wood1 & yet n s h>d z to be unpleasant to ! t\* :5 ! /one is plac$ on ! bo>d1 & ! wood mu/ fur!r h ! quality ( resonance1 because ! ,japanese enjoy he>+ ! s\nd made by ! /one z x is play$1 & !y always place x on ! bo>d ) consid]able =ce :5 space w p]mit4 ,! ,japanese expression = play+ ,g1 to wit1 8,g wo utsu10 lit]ally means to 8/rike0 ,g1 ref]r+ to ! impact ( ! /one4 ,9 ,korea ?is feature is c>ri$ to su* an extreme t wires are /ret*$ b5ea? ! bo>d1 s t z a /one is play$ a di/9ct musical s\nd is produc$4 ,! be/ bo>ds %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be free f knots1 & ! gra9 %\ld run diagonally across !m4 ,9 ! back ( ! bo>d !re is cut a squ>e depression4 ,! purpose ( ?is is probably to make ! block m resonant1 al?\gh ! old ,japanese /ories say t ?is depression 0 put !re orig9ally to receive ! blood ( ! vanqui%$ 9 case ! excitem5t ( ! game l$ to a sangu9>y conflict4 ,! legs ( ! bo>d are said to be %ap$ to resemble ! fruit ( ! plant call$ 8,ku*9a%i0 or ,cape ,jessam9e 7,g>d5ia floribunda71 ! "n ( :i* plant by accid5t also means 8)\t a m\?10 & ?is is suppos$ to sugge/ to onlook]s t !y refra9 f mak+ comm5ts on ! game 7a sugge/ion :i* all ,*ess play]s w appreciate74 ,on ! bo>d1 p>allel ) ea* edge1 are n9ete5 ?91 lacqu]$ black l9es4 ,^! l9es are ab\t f\r "o-hundr$?s ( an in* wide4 ,x has be5 se5 f ! dim5sions giv5 t ! bo>d is n exactly squ>e1 & ! field !re=e is a 8p>allelogram1 ! sides ( :i* are sixte5 & a half & fifte5 in*es long respectively1 & ! l9es 9 "o direction are a little bit f>!r ap>t ?an 9 ! o!r4 ,^! l9es1 by _! cross+1 produce ?ree hundr$ & sixty-"o po9ts ( int]section1 includ+ ! corn]s & ! po9ts along ! edge ( ! field4 ,! /ones are plac$ on ^! po9ts ( int]section1 & n 9 ! spaces z ! pieces are 9 ,*ess or ,*eck]s4 ,^! int]sections are call$ 8,me0 or 8,moku0 9 ,japanese1 :i* really means 8an eye40 ,inasmu* z ! ^w z us$ 9 ?is connection is untranslatable1 ,i %all h]eaft] ref] to ^! po9ts ( int]section by _! ,japanese "n4 ,on ! bo>d1 z %[n 9 ! diagram 7,plate #a71 are n9e little circles4 ,x is on ^! circles t ! h&icap /ones :5 giv5 are plac$4 ,!y h no o!r function 9 ! game1 b !y are suppos$ also to h "s sort ( symbolical mean+4 ,*amb]la9 /ates t ^! spots or 8,seimoku0 are suppos$ to repres5t ! *ief cele/ial bodies1 & t ! c5tral "o is call$ 8,taikyoku02 t is1 ! primordial pr9ciple ( ! univ]se4 ,9 ! "w ( ,/ew>t ,cul9 ref]r$ to 9 ! preface x is /at$ t !y correspond to ! n9e lights ( heav5--! sun1 moon & ! sev5 />s ( ! con/ellation 8,tau0 7,ursa ,major74 ,inde$ ! :ole arrangem5t ( ! bo>d is said to h "s symbolical significance1 ! numb] ( crosses 7exclusive ( ! c5tral "o7 repres5t+ ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty degrees ( latitude1 & ! numb] ( :ite & black /ones correspond+ to ! numb] ( days ( ! ye>2 b n[adays ! ,japanese d n make mu* ( a po9t ( ! a/ronomical significance ( ! bo>d or ( ! 8,seimoku40 ,! /ones or 8,i%i0 ) :i* ! game is play$ are ?ree hundr$ & sixty-"o 9 numb]1 correspond+ to ! numb] ( 8,me0 or po9ts ( int]section on ! bo>d4 ,"o hundr$ & eighty ( ^! /ones are :ite & ! rema9+ "o hundr$ & eighty-"o are black4 ,z ! weak] play] has ! black /ones & ! fir/ move1 obvi\sly ! extra /one mu/ be black4 ,9 practice ! entire numb] ( /ones is nev] us$1 z at ! end ( ! game !re are always vacant spaces on ! bo>d4 ,! ,japanese g5]ally keep ^! /ones 9 gracefully %ap$1 lacqu]$ boxes or 8,g tsubo40 ,! :ite /ones are made ( a k9d ( :ite %ell2 !y are highly poli%$1 & are exce$+ly pleasant to ! t\*4 ,! be/ come f ! prov9ces ( ,hita*i & ,mikawa4 ,! black are made ( /one1 g5]ally a k9d ( slate t comes f ! ,na*i cat>act 9 ,ki%iu4 ,z !y are us$ !y become almo/ jet-black1 & !y are also pleasant to ! t\*1 b n s mu* s z ! :ite4 ,a good set is q de>1 & _c be pur*as$ "u sev]al y54 ,! ideograph =m]ly us$ = 8,g i%i0 indicates t orig9ally !y 7 made ( wood1 & n ( /one1 & ! old ,*9ese ideograph %[s t 9 t c\ntry !y 7 wood5 pieces pa9t$ black & :ite4 ,! use ( poli%$ %ell = ! :ite /ones 0 fir/ introduc$ 9 ! ,a%ikaga p]iod4 ,9 =m ! /ones are disk-%ap$1 b n always exactly r\nd1 & are convex on bo? surfaces1 s t !y tremble slightly :5 plac$ on ! bo>d4 ,!y are ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* 9 diamet]1 & ab\t "o-eigh? ( an in* 9 ?ickness4 ,! :ite /ones are g5]ally a trifle l>g] ?an ! black ones2 = "s /range reason ^? ( bo? colors are a little bit wid] ?an !y %\ld be 9 ord] to fit ! bo>d4 ,kors*elt c>efully measur$ ! /ones :i* he us$1 & f\nd t ! black 7 sev5te5-sixte5?s ( ! di/ance betwe5 ! v]tical l9es on 8 bo>d1 & ab\t eighte5-n9ete5?s ( ! di/ance betwe5 ! horizontal l9es1 :ile ! :ite /ones 7 ?irte5-twelf?s ( ! di/ance betwe5 ! v]tical l9es & ?irty-six ?irty-sev5?s ( ! di/ance betwe5 ! horizontal l9es4 ,i f\nd ab\t ! same relation ( size 9 ! bo>d & /ones :i* ,i use4 ,! result ( ?is is t ! /ones d n h q room en\gh & lap ov] ea* o!r1 & :5 ! bo>d is v full1 !y pu% ea* o!r out ( place4 ,to make matt]s /ill worse ! ,japanese are n v c>eful to put ! /ones exactly on ! po9ts ( int]section1 b place !m c>elessly1 s t ! bo>d has an irregul> appe>ance4 ,x is probable t ! unsymmetrical %ape ( ! bo>d & ! irregul>ity ( ! size ( ! /ones arise f ! antipa?y t ! ,japanese h to exact symmetry4 ,at any rate1 x is all calculat$ to break up ! monoton\s appe>ance :i* ! bo>d w\ld h if ! spaces 7 exactly squ>e1 & ! /ones 7 exactly r\nd & fitt$ prop]ly 9 _! places4 ,9 ,japan ! bo>d is plac$ on ! floor1 & ! play]s sit on ! floor also1 fac+ ea* o!r1 z %[n 9 ! illu/ration1 & g5]ally ! n>r[] side ( ! bo>d is plac$ s z to face ! play]s4 ,s9ce ! introduction ( tables 9 ,japan ,g bo>ds are also made ?9n] & )\t feet1 b ! game seems to lose "s ( its *>m :5 ! cu/oms ( ! old ,japan are dep>t$ f4 ,! ,japanese always take ! /one betwe5 ! middle & index f+]s1 & n betwe5 ! ?umb & index f+] z we are likely to d1 & !y place x on ! bo>d sm>tly & ) great skill1 s t x gives a *e]ful s\nd1 z be=e /at$4 ,= use 9 ?is c\ntry ! bo>d ne$ n be s ?ick1 & ne$ n1 ( c\rse1 h feet1 b if x is attempt$ to play ! game on c>dbo>d1 :i* has a dead s\nd z ! /ones are play$1 x is surpris+ h[ mu* ! pleasure ( ! game is dim9i%$4 ,! au?or has f\nd t ,cas9o *ips are ! be/ sub/itute = ! ,japanese /ones4 ,orig9ally ! bo>d us$ = ! game ( ,g 0 n s l>ge1 & ! int]sect+ l9es 9 ea* direction 7 only sev5te5 9 numb]4 ,at ! "t ( ! f\ndation ( ! ,g ,academy ?is 0 ! size ( bo>d 9 use4 ,z ! game develop$ ! pres5t numb] ( l9es became fix$ aft] trial & comp>ison ) o!r possible sizes4 ,kors*elt made c]ta9 exp]im5ts ) ! next possible l>g] size 9 :i* ! numb] ( l9es 9 ea* direction 0 tw5ty-"o1 & x seem$ t ! game c\ld /ill be play$1 al?\gh x made necess>y ! intellect ( a pa/ ma/] to grasp ! result+ comb9ations4 ,if m ?an tw5ty-"o l9es are us$ ,kors*elt /ates t ! comb9ations are beyond ! rea* ( ! human m9d4 ,9 clos+ ! description ( ! bo>d x may be int]e/+ to po9t out t ! game :i* we call 8,g ,bang0 or 8,five 9 a ,r[10 is play$ on :at is really a ,japanese ,g bo>d1 & ! ^w 8,g ,bang0 is m]ely ano!r phonetic imitation ( ! words by :i* ! ,japanese designate _! bo>d4 ,i h f\nd1 h[ev]1 t ! 8,g ,bang0 bo>ds sold 9 ! /ores 9 ?is c\ntry are an imitation ( ! orig9al ,japanese 8,g ban10 & h only sev5te5 l9es1 & are !re=e a little too small = ! game z n[ play$4 ,! game :i* we call 8,g ,bang0 also orig9at$ 9 ,japan1 & is well kn[n & /ill play$ !re4 ,!y call x 8,g ,moku ,n>abe10 :i* means to arrange five 8,me10 ! ^w 8,g0 9 ?is case mean+ 8five10 & 8,moku0 be+ ! alt]native way ( pron\nc+ ! ideograph = eye4 8,g ,moku ,n>abe0 is (t5 play$ by good ,g play]s1 g5]ally = relaxation1 z x is a va/ly simpl] game ?an ,g1 & c be f9i%$ mu* m rapidly4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 to be despis$1 z :5 play$ by good play]s !re is consid]able *ance = analysis1 & ! play (t5 cov]s ! entire bo>d4 ,,iii ,,rules ,,( ,,play ,! play]s play alt]nately1 & ! weak] play] has ! black /ones & plays fir/1 unless a h&icap has be5 giv51 9 :i* case ! play] us+ ! :ite /ones has ! fir/ move4 7,9 ! old5 times ?is 0 j rev]s$47 ,!y place ! /ones on ! vacant po9ts ( int]section on ! bo>d1 or 8,me10 & !y may place !m :]ev] !y please1 ) ! s+le exception ( ! case call$ 8,ko10 :i* w be h]eaft] expla9$4 ,:5 ! /ones are once play$ !y are nev] mov$ aga94 ,! object ( ! game ( ,g is to secure t]ritory4 ,j z ! object ( ! game ( ,*ess is n to capture pieces1 b to *eckmate ! adv]se ,k+1 s 9 ,g ! ultimate object is n to capture ! adv]s>y's /ones1 b to s arrange matt]s t at ! end ( ! game a play]'s /ones w surr\nd z mu* vacant space z possible4 ,at ! end ( ! game1 h[ev]1 be=e ! am\nt ( vacant space is calculat$1 ! /ones t h be5 tak5 are us$ to fill up ! vacant spaces claim$ by ! adv]s>y2 t is to say1 ! captur$ black /ones are us$ to fill up ! spaces surr\nd$ by ! play] hav+ ! :ite pieces1 & vice v]sa1 & ! play] :o has ! greate/ am\nt ( t]ritory aft] ! captur$ /ones are us$ 9 ?is way1 is ! w9n] ( ! game4 ,h[ev]1 if ! play]s1 fe>+ ea* o!r1 m]ely f5ce 9 p>ts ( ! bo>d )\t reg>d to ea* o!r's play1 a mo/ un9t]e/+ game results1 & ! ,japanese call ?is by ! contemptu\s epi!t 8,ji dori g10 or 8gr\nd tak+ ,g40 ,i h notic$ t beg9n]s 9 ?is c\ntry sometimes />t to play 9 ?is way1 & x is "o ( ! _m ways by :i* ! play ( a m]e novice may be recogniz$4 ,! be/ games arise :5 ! play]s 9 _! ef=ts to secure t]ritory attack ea* o!r's /ones or gr\ps ( /ones1 & we !re=e mu/ "k h[ a /one c be tak54 ,a /one is tak5 :5 x is surr\nd$ on f\r opposite sides z %[n 9 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,i4 ,:5 x is tak5 x is remov$ f ! bo>d4 ,x is n necess>y t a /one %\ld also be surr\nd$ diagonally1 :i* w\ld make eight /ones necess>y 9 ord] to take "o2 nei!r d f\r /ones plac$ on ! adjac5t diagonal int]sections cause a /one to be tak53 !y d n directly attack ! /one 9 ! c5t] at all4 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,iv1 %[s ?is situation4 ,a /one :i* is plac$ on ! edge ( ! bo>d may be surr\nd$ & captur$ by ?ree /ones1 z %[n 9 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,ii1 & if a /one is plac$ 9 ! extreme corn] ( ! bo>d1 x may be surr\nd$ & tak5 by two /ones1 z %[n 9 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,iii4 ,9 actual practice x seldom or nev] happ5s t a /one or gr\p ( /ones is surr\nd$ by ! m9imum numb] requisite "u ! rule1 = 9 t case ! play] ^: /ones 7 ?reat5$ c\ld g5]ally manage to break ?r\gh 8 adv]s>y's l9e4 ,x is almo/ always necess>y to add help+ /ones to ^? t are /rictly necess>y 9 complet+ ! capture4 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,v1 %[s f\r /ones :i* are surr\nd$ ) ! m9imum numb] ( /ones4 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,vi1 %[s ! same gr\p ) a c\ple ( help+ /ones add$1 :i* w\ld probably be f\nd necess>y 9 actual play4 ,x foll[s f ?is rule t /ones :i* are on ! same l9e p>allel ) ! edges ( ! bo>d are connect$1 & support ea* o!r1 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,vii1 :ile /ones :i* are on ! same diagonal l9e are n connect$1 & d n support ea* o!r1 ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,viii4 ,9 ord] to surr\nd /ones :i* are on ! same l9e1 & !re=e connect$1 x is necess>y to surr\nd !m all 9 ord] to take !m1 :ile /ones :i* are arrang$ on a diagonal l9e1 & !re=e unconnect$1 may be tak5 "o at a "t4 ,on ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,iii1 if !re 7 a /one plac$ at ,s #ah1 x w\ld n be connect$ ) ! /one 9 ! corn]1 & w\ld n help x 9 any way4 ,on ! o!r h&1 z has be5 said1 x is n necess>y to place a :ite /one on t po9t 9 ord] to complete ! capture ( ! /one 9 ! corn]4 ,9 ord] to capture a gr\p or *a9 ( /ones conta9+ vacant space1 x mu/ be completely surr\nd$ inside & out2 = in/ance1 ! black gr\p %[n on ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,ix1 :ile x has no hope ( life if x is ,:ite's play is nev]!less n completely surr\nd$4 ,9 ord] to surr\nd x1 x is necess>y to play on ! ?ree vacant int]sections at ,m #aa1 ,n #aa1 & ,o #aa4 ,! same gr\p ( /ones is %[n 9 ,diagram ,x completely surr\nd$4 7,x may be said 9 pass+ t ,:ite mu/ play at ,n #aa fir/ or ! black /ones c def5d !mselves2 we %all und]/& ?is bett] 9 a mom5t47 ,9 practice x (t5 happ5s t a /one or gr\p ( /ones is reg>d$ z dead be=e x is completely surr\nd$1 because :5 ! situation is obs]v$ to be hopeless ! los+ play] ab&ons x1 & addresses 8 en]gies to "s o!r "p ( ! bo>d4 ,x is advantage\s = ! los+ play] to ab&on su* a gr\p z soon z possible1 =1 if he cont9ues to add to ! gr\p1 he loses n only ! t]ritory b ! add$ /ones also4 ,if ! circum/ances are su* t 8 oppon5t has to reply to 8 moves 9 ! hopeless t]ritory1 ! loss is n s great1 z ! oppon5t is mean:ile fill+ up spaces :i* w\ld o!rwise be vacant1 & aga9/ an inf]ior play] !re is a *ance ( ! adv]s>y mak+ a slip & all[+ ! ?reat5$ /ones to save !mselves4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! situation is s cle>ly hopeless t ! adv]s>y is n reply+ move = move1 !n e /one add$ to su* a gr\p means a loss ( two po9ts4 ,at ! end ( ! game su* ab&on$ gr\ps ( /ones are remov$ f ! bo>d j z if !y _h be5 completely surr\nd$ & kill$1 & x is n necess>y = ! play] hav+ ! advantage actually to surr\nd & kill su* a gr\p4 ,x is en\gh if !y obvi\sly c be kill$4 ,! !ory on :i* ?is rule proce$s is t if ! play]s play alt]nately1 no advantage w\ld be ga9$ by ei!r side 9 ! process ( actually surr\nd+ su* a gr\p1 & its completion w\ld only be a wa/e ( "t4 ,b let u suppose t a black gr\p at ! end ( ! game is f\nd to be hopeless & also completely surr\nd$ ) ! exception ( "o po9t4 ,! "q arises1 c ! ,black play] dem& t 8 adv]s>y play on ! vacant space 9 ord] to kill ?is gr\p1 =1 if he c\ld1 x is obvi\s he w\ld ga9 "o 8,me0 by s do+4 ,! answ] is1 he _c s dem&1 & 8 adv]s>y is n b\nd to play on ?is po9t1 & ! hopeless or ab&on$ /ones are remov$ )\t fur!r play4 ,we might call su* gr\ps 8dead40 ,!y may be di/+ui%$ f /ones t are 8tak510 because ^! latt] are remov$ at once1 :]eas 8dead0 /ones are remov$ only at ! end ( ! game4 ,z a coroll>y to ! rule = surr\nd+ & tak+ /ones1 x foll[s t a gr\p ( /ones conta9+ two disconnect$ vacant int]sections or 8,me0 _c be tak54 ,?is is n a sep>ate rule4 ,x foll[s necess>ily f ! me?od by :i* /ones are tak54 ,nev]!less 9 practice x is ! mo/ important pr9ciple 9 ! game4 ,9 ord] to und]/& ! rule or pr9ciple ( ! two 8,me10 we mu/ fir/ look at ! situation %[n 9 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,i4 ,!re1 if a black /one is play$ at ,f #ae1 al?\gh x is play$ on an int]section entirely surr\nd$ by :ite /ones1 x nev]!less lives because ! mom5t x is play$ x has ! effect ( kill+ ! entire :ite gr\p2 t is to say1 a /one may be play$ on an int]section :]e x is completely surr\nd$ if z x is play$ x has ! effect ( completely surr\nd+ ! adv]s>y's /ones already on ! bo>d4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 we h a situation z %[n 9 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,,ii1 a black /one may inde$ be play$ on "o ( ! vacant int]sections1 b :5 x is s play$ ! :ite gr\p is n completely surr\nd$1 because !re /ill rema9s "o space yet to be fill$1 & ! black /one itself is dead z soon z x t\*es ! bo>d1 & h5ce x w\ld be impossible to surr\nd ?is gr\p ( :ite /ones unless two /ones 7 play$ at once4 ,! :ite /ones1 !re=e1 c nev] be surr\nd$1 & =m an impregnable position4 ,?is is ! pr9ciple ( ! two 8,me10 & :5 a play]'s gr\p ( /ones is h>d press$1 & 8 adv]s>y is try+ to surr\nd !m1 if he c s place ! /ones t two disconnect$ complete 8,me0 are left1 !y are safe =ev]4 ,x makes no diff]5ce :e!r ! vacant 8,me0 are on ! edges or 9 ! corn]s ( ! bo>d1 or h[ f> f ea* o!r !y may be4 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,,vi1 %[s a gr\p ( /ones conta9+ two vacant 8,me0 on ! edge ( ! bo>d4 ,?is gr\p is p]fectly safe aga9/ attack4 ,a beg9n] might ask :y ! :ite gr\p %[n on ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,v1 is n safe4 ,! difficulty ) t gr\p is1 t :5 ,black has play$ at ,s #i1 !re are no 8,me0 9 x at all z ! ^w is us$ 9 ?is connection1 n ev5 a 8,kageme0 z %[n 9 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,,iii1 because a 8,me10 9 ord] to be available = ! purpose ( def5se1 mu/ be a vacant int]section t is surr\nd$ on f\r sides1 j z a captur$ /one mu/ be surr\nd$1 & !re=e on ! sides ( ! bo>d x c be made by ?ree /ones1 & 9 ! corn] ( ! bo>d by two /ones1 b x is absolutely necess>y1 9 addition to ! m9imum numb] ( surr\nd+ /ones1 to h help+ /ones to gu>d ! surr\nd+ /ones aga9/ attack4 ,?is br+s u to :at ! ,japanese call 8,kageme40 ,9 actual play !re are _m gr\ps ( /ones t at fir/ glance seem to h two vacant 8,me0 9 !m1 b :i* on analysis1 w be f\nd vuln]able to attack4 ,a 8,me0 t looks some:at z if x 7 complete1 b is1 nev]!less1 de/ructible is call$ 8,kageme40 8,kage0 means 8*ipp$0 or 8incomplete40 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,,iii1 is an illu/ration ( ?is4 ,a beg9n] might ?9k t ! :ite gr\p 0 safe1 b ,black c kill ! upp] six :ite /ones by play+ at ,e #c1 & !n on ! next move c kill ! rema9d] by play+ at ,g #b4 ,!re=e1 ,e #c is n a p]fect 8,me10 b is 8,kageme40 ,g #b is a p]fect 8,me10 b "o is n en\gh to save ! gr\p4 ,9 ?is gr\p if ! /one at ,f #d or ,d #b 7 :ite1 !re w\ld be two p]fect 8,me10 & ! gr\p w\ld be safe4 ,9 a close game beg9n]s (t5 f9d x difficult to di/+ui% betwe5 a p]fect 8,me0 & 8,kageme40 ,gr\ps ( /ones :i* conta9 vacant spaces1 c be lo/ or sav$ accord+ z two disconnect$ 8,me0 c or _c be =m$ 9 ^? spaces1 & ! mo/ int]e/+ play 9 ! game occurs along ! sides & especially 9 ! corn]s ( ! bo>d 9 attempt+ to =m or attempt+ to prev5t ! =mation ( ^! 8,me40 ,! attack+ play] (t5 plays into ! vacant space & sacrifices sev]al /ones ) ! ultimate object ( r$uc+ ! space to "o 8,me02 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! def5d+ play] by select+ a =tunate int]section may make x impossible = ! /ones to be kill$4 ,!re is opportunity = m>vel\s +5uity 9 ! attack & def5se ( ^! positions4 ,a simple example ( def5se is %[n 9 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,,iv1 :]e1 if x is ,:ite's turn1 & he plays 9 ! corn] ( ! bo>d at ,t #ai1 he c save 8 /ones4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 he plays any:]e else1 ! two 8,me0 c nev] be =m$4 ,! beg9n] w\ld d well to "w out ?is situation = himself4 ,! s]ies ( diagrams comm5c+ at ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,v1 %[ ! !oretical me?od ( r$uc+ vacant spaces by ! sacrifice ( /ones4 ,?is s]ies is tak5 f ,kors*elt1 & ! position z x arose 9 actual play is %[n on ,plate #aj1 depict+ a complete game4 ,9 ,plate #c1 ,diagram ,v1 ! :ite gr\p is %[n ext]nally surr\nd$1 & ! black /one has j be5 play$ at ,s #i1 r5d]+ ! gr\p hopeless4 ,! same gr\p is %[n on ! opposite side ( ! bo>d at ,plate #d1 ,diagram ,i1 b ,black has add$ ?ree m /ones & c\ld kill ! :ite gr\p on ! next move4 ,!re=e1 ,:ite plays at ,a #ab1 & ! situation %[n 9 ,plate #d1 ,diagram ,,ii1 arises1 :]e ! same gr\p is %[n on ! l[] edge ( ! bo>d4 ,n[1 if x 7 ,:ite's move1 he c\ld save 8 gr\p by play+ at ,j #b1 & ! situation :i* w\ld !n arise is %[n on ,plate #d1 ,diagram ,,iii1 :]e ,:ite has ?ree p]fect 8,me10 "o m ?an en\gh4 ,h[ev]1 x is n ,:ite's move1 & ,black plays on ! covet$ int]section1 & !n adds two m /ones until ! situation %[n 9 ,plate #d1 ,diagram ,,iv1 arises4 ,!n ,:ite mu/ aga9 play at ,s #h 9 ord] to save 8 /ones f imm$iate capture1 & ! situation %[n at ,plate #e1 ,diagram ,i1 comes ab\t4 ,black aga9 plays at ,j #ah1 adds "o m /one1 & we h ! situation %[n 9 ,plate #e1 ,diagram ,,ii1 :]e x is obvi\s t ,:ite mu/ play at ,c #aa 9 ord] to save 8 gr\p f imm$iate capture1 ?us leav+ only two vacant spaces4 ,x is unnecess>y to cont9ue ! analysis fur!r1 b at ! risk ( expla9+ :at is app>5t1 x might be po9t$ out t ,black w\ld play on "o ( ^! vacant spaces1 & if ,:ite kill$ ! /one 7:i* x w\ld n pay ,:ite to d7 ,black w\ld play aga9 on ! space ?us made vacant1 & completely surr\nd & kill ! entire :ite gr\p4 ,a gr\p ) five vacant 8,me10 z %[n 9 ! prec$+ diagrams1 is a situation well kn[n to ! ,japanese1 s mu* s t !y h a special phrase or say+ t applies to x1 to wit1 8,g moku naka de wa ju san te10 :i* means t x takes ?irte5 turns to r$uce a gr\p hav+ five su* 8,me0 9 ! c5t]4 ,z we h previ\sly se51 9 actual play ?is :ite gr\p w\ld be reg>d$ z 8dead0 z di/+ui%$ f 8tak510 & ?is s]ies ( moves w\ld n be play$ out4 ,:ite obvi\sly w\ld n play 9 ! space1 & he c\ld n dem& t ,black play !re9 9 ord] to complete ! actual surr\nd+ ( ! /ones1 & ! only purpose ( giv+ ?is s]ies ( diagrams is to %[ !oretically h[ ! :ite /ones c be kill$4 ,h[ev]1 ! kill+ ( ^! /ones w\ld be necess>y if ! surr\nd+ black l9e 7 9 turn attack$ 78,semeai071 9 :i* case x might be a race to see :e!r ! int]nal :ite /ones c\ld be completely surr\nd$ & kill$ be=e ! ext]nal :ite gr\p c\ld get 9 complete contact ) ! black l9e4 ,/ones :i* are sacrific$ 9 ord] to kill a l>g] gr\p are call$ 8,sute i%i0 by ! ,japanese1 f 8,sut]u10 mean+ 8to ca/ or ?r[ away10 & 8,i%i10 a 8/one40 ,x may be not$ t if a gr\p conta9s f\r connect$ vacant int]sections 9 a l9e x is safe1 because if ! adv]s>y attempts to r$uce x1 two disconnect$ 8,me0 c be =m$ 9 ! space by simply play+ a /one adjac5t to ! adv]s>y's /one1 z %[n 9 ,plate #e1 ,diagram ,,iii1 :]e1 if ,black plays = in/ance at ,k #aa1 ,:ite replies at ,l #aa1 & secures ! two 8,me40 ,ev5 if ^! f\r connect$ vacant int]sections are n 9 a /raight l9e1 !y are nev]!less suffici5t = ! purpose1 provid$ ! f\r? 8,me0 is connect$ at ! end ( ! ?ree1 & ! ,japanese express ?is by _! say+ 8,mag>i %imoku wa me10 or f\r 8,me0 turn+ a corn]4 ,nei!r does x make any diff]5ce :e!r ! f\r connect$ 8,me0 are 9 ! c5t] ( ! bo>d or along ! edge4 ,on ,plate #e1 ,diagrams ,,iv & ,v1 are examples ( 8,mag>i %imoku wa me10 & !y bo? are safe4 ,x is int]e/+1 h[ev]1 to comp>e ^! situations ) t %[n at ,plate #d1 ,diagram ,,ii1 :]e ! f\r? int]section is n connect$ at ! end ( ! l9e1 & :i* gr\p ,black c kill if x is 8 move1 z we already h se54 ,if1 h[ev]1 su* a gr\p conta9s only ?ree connect$ vacant int]sections1 & x is ! adv]s>y's move1 x c be kill$1 because ! adv]s>y by play+ on ! middle int]section c prev5t ! =mation ( two disconnect$ 8,me40 ,we saw a gr\p ( ?is k9d on ,plate #b1 ,diagram ,,ix1 :i* c be kill$ by play+ at ,n #aa4 ,obvi\sly1 if x is ,black's move 9 ?is case1 ! gr\p c be sav$ by play+ at ,n #aa2 obvi\sly1 also1 if ,:ite1 be+ a m]e novice1 plays else:]e ?an at ,n #aa1 ,black saves ! /ones by play+ !re & kill+ ! :ite /one4 ,plate #e1 ,diagram ,,vi1 %[s ano!r gr\p conta9+ only ?ree vacant int]sections4 ,^! c be kill$ if x is ,black's move by play+ at ,a #a4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if x is ,:ite's move1 he c save !m by play+ on ! same po9t4 ,( c\rse1 if a gr\p ( /ones conta9s a l>ge numb] ( vacant int]sections1 x is p]fectly safe unless ! vacant space is s l>ge t ! adv]s>y c h a *ance ( =m+ an entire new liv+ gr\p ( /ones !re94 ,we n[ come to ! "o exception to ! rule t ! play]s may place _! /ones at w on any vacant int]section on ! bo>d4 ,?is rule is call$ ! rule ( 8,ko10 & is %[n on ,plate #f1 ,diagram ,i4 ,assum+ t x is ,:ite's turn to play1 he c play at ,d #ag & take ! black /one at ,c #ag :i* is already surr\nd$ on ?ree sides1 & ! position %[n 9 ,plate #f1 ,diagram ,,ii1 w\ld !n arise4 ,x is n[ ,:ite's turn to play1 & if he plays at ,c #ac1 ! :ite /one :i* has j be5 put d[n w be likewise surr\nd$ & c\ld be at once tak5 f ! bo>d4 ,black1 h[ev]1 is n p]mitt$ to d ?is imm$iately1 b mu/ fir/ play some:]e else1 & ?is gives ,:ite ! *oice ( fill+ up ?is space 7,c #ac7 & def5d+ 8 /one1 or ( foll[+ 8 adv]s>y to "s o!r portion ( ! bo>d4 ,! reason = ?is rule 9 reg>d to 8,ko0 is v cle>4 ,if ! play]s 7 p]mitt$ to take & retake ! /ones z %[n 9 ! diagram1 ! s]ies ( moves w\ld be endless1 & ! game c\ld nev] be f9i%$4 ,x is some?+ l p]petual *eck 9 ,*ess1 b ! ,japanese1 9 place ( call+ ! game a draw1 compel ! second play] to move else:]e & ?us all[ ! game to cont9ue4 ,9 an actual game :5 a play] is prev5t$ f retak+ a /one by ! rule ( 8,ko10 he always tries to play 9 "s o!r portion ( ! bo>d :]e he ?reat5s a l>g] gr\p ( /ones ?an is involv$ 9 ! situation :]e 8,ko0 occurs1 & ?us (t5 he c compel 8 adv]s>y to foll[ him to ?is o!r "p ( ! field1 & !n return to retake 9 8,ko40 ,8 adv]s>y !n w play 9 "s "p ( ! field1 if possible1 :]e ano!r gr\p c be ?reat5$1 & s on4 ,sometimes 9 a hotly conte/$ game ! battle w rage ar\nd a place :]e 8,ko0 occurs & ! space w be tak5 & retak5 sev]al times4 ,kors*elt /ates t ! ideograph = 8,ko0 means 8tal5t0 or 8skilfulness10 9 :i* he is v likely wrong1 z x is m accurately translat$ by our ^w 8?reat02 b be ?is z x may1 x is c]ta9ly true t ! rule 9 reg>d to 8,ko0 gives opportunity = a great display ( skill1 & z ! bett] play]s take advantage ( ?is rule ) mu* great] +5uity1 x is a good idea = ! weak] play] z f> z possible to avoid situations :]e its application arises4 ,!re is a situation :i* sometimes arises & :i* might be mi/ak5 = 8,ko40 ,x is :]e a play] takes m ?an "o /one & ! attack+ /one is ?reat5$ on ?ree sides1 or :]e only "o /one is tak51 b ! adv]s>y 9 reply+ c take n only ! la/ /one play$1 b o!rs also4 ,9 ^! cases ! oppon5t c retake imm$iately1 because x w at once be se5 t an endless ex*ange ( moves 7:i* makes necess>y ! rule ( 8,ko07 w\ld n occur4 ,a situation ( ?is k9d is %[n on ,plate #f1 ,diagrams ,,iii1 ,,iv1 & ,v1 :]e ,:ite by play+ at ,c #h 7,diagram ,,iii7 takes ! ?ree black /ones1 produc+ ! situation %[n 9 ,diagram ,,iv1 & ,black is p]mitt$ imm$iately to retake ! :ite /one1 produc+ ! /ate ( affairs %[n 9 ,diagram ,v4 ,! ,japanese call su* a situation 8,ute kae%i10 :i* means 8return+ a bl[40 ,x =ms no exception to ! ord9>y rules ( ! game1 & only ne$s to be po9t$ out because a beg9n] might ?9k t ! rule ( 8,ko0 appli$ to x4 ,we w n[ take up ! situation call$ 8,seki40 8,seki0 means a 8b>ri]0 or 8impasse0--x is a diff]5t ^w f ! 8,seki0 9 ! phrase 8,jo seki40 8,seki0 also is some:at analog\s to p]petual *eck4 ,x arises :5 a vacant space is surr\nd$ p>tly by :ite & p>tly by black /ones 9 su* a way t1 if ei!r play] places a /one !re91 8 adv]s>y c !reupon capture ! entire gr\p4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 ( c\rse1 nei!r play] desires to place a /one on t portion ( ! bo>d1 & ! rules ( ! game d n compel him to d s4 ,t portion ( ! bo>d is reg>d$ z neutral t]ritory1 & at ! end ( ! game ! vacant 8,me0 are n c\nt$ 9 favor ( ei!r play]4 ,plate #f1 ,diagram ,,vi1 gives an illu/ration ( 8,seki10 :]e x w be se5 t if ,black plays at ei!r ,s #af or ,t #af ,:ite c kill ! black /ones 9 ! corn] by play+ on ! o!r po9t1 & if ,:ite plays on ei!r po9t ,black c kill ! :ite /ones by fill+ ! rema9+ vacancy4 ,directly bel[1 on ,diagram ,,vii1 is %[n ! same gr\p1 b ! corn] black /one has be5 tak5 out4 ,! position is n[ no long] 8,seki10 b is call$ by ! ,japanese 8,me ari me na%i10 or lit]ally 8hav+ #8,me1' n hav+ #8,me4'0 ,"h ! :ite /ones are dead1 because if ,black plays1 = in/ance1 at ,t #d ,:ite _c kill ! black /ones by play+ at ,s #d1 = ! reason t ! vacant 8,me0 at ,t #a /ill rema9s4 ,! beg9n] might confuse 8,seki0 ) 8,me ari me na%i10 & :ile a good play] has no tr\ble 9 recogniz+ ! diff]5ce :5 ! situation arises1 x takes consid]able =esight sometimes s to play z to produce "o situation or ! o!r4 ,plate #f1 ,diagram ,,viii1 %[s ano!r gr\p :i* might be mi/ak5 = 8,seki10 b "h1 if ,:ite plays at ,j #ai1 ! black /ones c be kill$1 fur!r proce$+s be+ some:at simil> to ^? we saw 9 ! illu/ration ( 8,g moku naka de wa ju san te40 ,plate #g %[s a l>ge gr\p ( /ones f :i* inevitably 8,seki0 w result4 ,x w\ld be well = ! /ud5t to "w ?is out = himself4 8,seki0 v seldom or nev] occurs 9 games betwe5 good play]s1 & x r>ely occurs 9 any game4 ,x is a rule ( ! game to give w>n+ :5 a /one or gr\p ( /ones is ab\t to be completely surr\nd$4 ,= ?is purpose ! ,japanese use ! ^w 8,at>i0 7f 8at>u10 to t\* lightly71 :i* corresponds q closely to ! expression 8g>dez0 9 ,*ess4 ,if ?is w>n+ 7 omitt$1 ! play] ^: /ones 7 ab\t to be tak5 %\ld h ! "r to take 8 la/ move ov] & save ! imp]il$ position if he c\ld4 ,?is rule is n s /rictly obs]v$ z =m]ly2 x belongs m to ! etiquette ( ! old ,japan4 ,! game comes to an end :5 ! fronti]s ( ! oppos+ gr\ps are 9 contact4 ,?is does n mean t ! bo>d is entirely cov]$1 = ! obvi\s reason t ! space inside ! gr\ps or *a9s ( /ones is purposely left vacant1 = t is ! only "p ( ! bo>d :i* c\nts2 b s long z !re is any vacant space ly+ betwe5 ! oppos+ gr\ps t mu/ be dispos$ ( 9 "s way1 & :5 x is s dispos$ ( x w be f\nd t ! :ite & black gr\ps are 9 complete contact4 ,j at ! end ( ! game !re w be f\nd isolat$ vacant int]sections or 8,me0 on ! fronti] l9es1 & x does n make any diff]5ce :i* play] fills ^! up4 ,!y are call$ by ! ,japanese 8,dame10 :i* means 8useless40 7,! ^w 8,dame0 is likely to be confus+ :5 x is fir/ he>d1 because ! beg9n] jumps to ! conclusion t x is "s new k9d ( a 8,me40 ,?is arises f a co9cid5ce only4 ,any?+ t is useless or pr(itless is call$ 8,dame0 9 ,japanese1 b etymologically ! ^w really means 8horse's eye10 z ! ,japanese1 n be+ admir]s ( ! vacant />e ( t noble animal1 h us$ ?is ^w z a synonym = all t is useless4 ,!re=e ! syllable 8,me0 does mean an eye1 & is ! same ^w t is us$ to designate ! int]sections1 b its recurr5ce 9 ?is connection is m]ely an accid5t47 ,x is difficult = ! beg9n] at fir/ to und]/& :y ! fill+ ( ^! 8,dame0 results 9 no advantage to ei!r play]1 & beg9n]s (t5 fill up su* spaces ev5 be=e ! end ( ! game1 feel+ t !y are ga9+ gr\nd sl[ly b surely2 & ! ,japanese h a say+1 8,heta g ni dame na%i10 :i* means t !re are no 8,dame0 9 beg9n]s' ,g1 z beg9n]s d n recognize _! uselessness4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a necess>y move w sometimes look l 8,dame40 ,! moves t are likely to be s confus$ are ! f9al connect+ moves or 8,tsugu10 :]e a pot5tial connection has be5 made e>ly 9 ! game1 b :i* ne$ to be fill$ up to complete ! *a94 ,9 ! ,illu/rative ,game1 ,numb] ,i1 ! 8,dame0 are all giv51 b a little practice is necess>y be=e !y c always be recogniz$4 ,:5 ! 8,dame0 h be5 fill$1 & ! dead /ones h be5 remov$ f ! bo>d1 !re is no reason :y ! play]s %\ld n at once proce$ to c\nt+ up :i* ( !m has ! greate/ am\nt ( vacant space1 less1 ( c\rse1 ! numb] ( /ones !y h lo/1 & ?us det]m9e :o is ! victor4 ,z a matt] ( practice1 h[ev]1 ! ,japanese d n d ?is imm$iately1 b1 purely = ! purpose ( facilitat+ ! c\nt1 ! play] hav+ ! :ite pieces w\ld fill up 8 adv]s>y's t]ritory ) ! black /ones he _h captur$ z f> z !y w\ld g1 & ! play] hav+ ! black /ones w\ld fill up 8 adv]s>y's t]ritory ) ! :ite /ones t he _h captur$2 & !reupon ! entire bo>d is recon/ruct$1 s t ! vacant spaces come into r[s ( fives & t5s1 s t !y are easi] to c\nt4 ,?is has really no?+ to d ) ! game1 & x is m]ely a device to make ! c\nt+ ( ! spaces easi]1 b x seems l a my/]i\s process to a novice1 & adds n a little to ! g5]al my/]y ) :i* ! end ( ! game seems to be surr\nd$ :5 an ,occid5tal sees x play$ = ! fir/ "t4 ,?is process ( arrangem5t is call$ 8,me wo tsukuru40 ,x may be add$ t if any "p ( ! bo>d conta9s ! situation call$ 8,seki10 t portion is left alone1 & is n recon/ruct$ l ! re/ ( ! bo>d4 ,plate #h %[s a complet$ game 9 :i* ! 8,dame0 h all be5 fill$1 b ! dead /ones h n yet be5 remov$ f ! bo>d4 ,let u fir/ see :i* ( ! /ones are dead4 ,x is easy to see t ! :ite /one at ,n #aa is hopeless1 z x is cut (f 9 e direction4 ,! same is true ( ! :ite /one at ,b #ah4 ,x is n s easy to see t ! black /ones at ,l & ,m #ah1 ,n1 ,o1 ,p1 ,q & ,r #ag1 ,n #af1 & ,m & ,n #ae are dead1 b aga9/ a good play] !y w\ld h no hope ( =m+ ! necess>y two 8,me10 & !y are !re=e conc$$ to be dead2 b a good play] c\ld probably manage to def5d !m aga9/ a novice4 ,x is /ill m difficult to see :y ! irregul> :ite gr\p ( eighte5 /ones on ! left-h& side ( ! bo>d has be5 ab&on$1 b !re also ,:ite has no *ance ( mak+ ! necess>y two 8,me40 ,at ! risk ( repetition ,i w aga9 po9t out t ^! gr\ps ( dead /ones c be tak5 f ! bo>d )\t fur!r play4 ,plate #i %[s ! same game aft] ! dead /ones h be5 remov$ & us$ to fill up ! respective t]ritories1 & aft] ! bo>d has be5 recon/ruct$ 9 accordance ) ! ,japanese me?od1 & x w be se5 t 9 ?is case ,black has won by "o /one4 ,?is result c be arriv$ at equally well by c\nt+ up ! spaces on ,plate #h1 b !y are easi] to c\nt on ,plate #i1 aft] ! 8,me wo tsukuru0 has be5 done4 ,plate #aj %[s ano!r complet$ game4 ,?is plate is f ,kors*elt1 & is int]e/+ because x conta9s an in/ructive error4 ,! game is suppos$ to be complet$1 & ! black /one at ,c #ah is said to be dead4 ,?is is n true1 because ,black by play+ at ,c #ag c\ld n only save 8 /one1 b kill ! f\r :ite /ones at ! left-h& side4 ,!re=e1 be=e ?is game is complet$1 ,:ite mu/ play at ,c #ag to def5d himself4 ,?is is call$ 8,tsugu40 ,on ! left-h& side ( ! bo>d is %[n a :ite gr\p :i* is dead1 & ! me?od ( r$uction ( :i* we h already /udi$ 9 detail4 ,on ! "r side ( ! bo>d are a few scatt]+ black /ones :i* are dead1 because !y h no *ance ( =m+ a gr\p ) ! necess>y two 8,me40 ,! "q may be ask$ :e!r x is necess>y = ,:ite to play at ,c #a or ,e #a 9 ord] to complete ! connection ( ! gr\p 9 ! corn]1 b he is n oblig$ s to d unless ,black *ooses to play at ,b #a or ,f #a1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 ,black w\ld n d4 ,on ,plate #aa1 ?is game also is %[n z recon/ruct$ = c\nt+1 & x w be se5 t ,:ite has won by two /ones4 ,really ?is is an error ( "o /one1 z ,:ite %\ld h play$ at ,c #ag1 z we h previ\sly po9t$ out4 ,sometimes at ! end ( ! game play]s ( mod]ate skill may diff] z to :e!r !re is any?+ left to be done1 & :5 "o ?9ks !re is no long] any advantage to be ga9$ by ei!r side1 he says1 8,mo arimas51 aru n>aba o yuki nasai10 t is to say1 8,i ?9k !re is no?+ m to be done2 if y ?9k y c ga9 any?+1 y may play10 & sometimes he w all[ 8 adv]s>y to play two or ?ree times 9 succession1 res]v+ ! "r to /ep 9 if he ?9ks !re is a *ance ( 8 adv]s>y reviv+ a gr\p t is app>5tly dead4 ,no "p ( ! rules ( ! game has be5 m difficult = me to und]/& ?an ! me?ods employ$ at ! end1 & especially ! rule 9 reg>d to ! removal ( dead /ones )\t actually surr\nd+ !m1 b ,i tru/ 9 ! =ego+ examples ,i h made ?is rule suffici5tly cle>4 ,moreov]1 x is n always easy to tell :e!r /ones are dead or alive4 ,!re is a little poem or 8,hokku0 9 ,japanese1 :i* runs z foll[s3 8,iki %9i wo ,%iranu nonki no ,g u*i kana10 :i* might be translat$ z 8,oh6 :at k9d ( a ,g play] is he :o does n "k :e!r 8 /ones are alive or dead60 ,b :ile ! ,japanese au?or ( ?is 8,hokku0 may h reg>d$ x z a simple ?+1 ! ,occid5tal /ud5t ( ! game w\ld n be likely to %>e 8 views4 ,an in/ance ( ?is is %[n by ! possibilities ( ! suppos$ly dead black /one on ,plate #aj1 & ,i ?9k x w\ld be fair] to /ate t ! skill ( a good ,g play] is mo/ cle>ly %[n by 8 ability to recognize imm$iately :e!r a gr\p is dead or c be sav$2 ! /udy ( our *apt] on ,problems w give fur!r illu/rations ( ! difficulty & nicety ( su* decisions4 ,we n[ come to ! "q ( h&icaps4 ,h&icaps are giv5 by ! /rong] play] all[+ ! weak] play] to place a c]ta9 numb] ( /ones on ! bo>d be=e ! game beg9s1 & we h se5 9 ! *apt] on ! ,description ( ! ,bo>d t ^! /ones are plac$ on ! n9e dott$ int]sections4 ,if "o /one is giv51 x is usual to place x 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn]4 ,if a second /one is giv51 x is plac$ 9 ! l[] left-h& corn]4 ,if a ?ird /one is giv51 x is plac$ 9 ! l[] "r-h& corn]4 ,! f\r? is plac$ 9 ! upp] left-h& corn]4 ,! fif? is plac$ at ! c5t] or 8,t5 g540 ,:5 six are giv51 ! c5t] "o is remov$1 & ! fif? & six? are plac$ at ! left & "r-h& edges ( ! bo>d on l9e #aj4 ,if sev5 are giv51 ^! /ones rema91 & ! sev5? /one is plac$ 9 ! c5t]4 ,if eight are giv51 ! c5t] /one is aga9 remov$1 & ! sev5? & eigh? /ones are plac$ on ! 8,seimoku0 on l9e ,k4 ,if ! n9? is giv51 x is aga9 plac$ 9 ! c5t] ( ! bo>d4 ,betwe5 play]s ( reasonable skill m ?an n9e /ones are nev] giv51 b :5 ! disp>ity betwe5 ! play]s is too great1 f\r o!r /ones are sometimes giv54 ,!y are plac$ j outside ! corn] 8,seimoku10 z %[n on ! diagram 7,plate #ab71 & ^! extra /ones are call$ 8,fur90 h&icaps4 8,fur90 means 8a small bell10 z ^! /ones sugge/ to ! ,japanese ! bells :i* hang f ! eaves at ! corn]s ( a ,japanese temple4 ,:5 ! disp>ity betwe5 ! play]s is v great inde$1 sometimes f\r m /ones are giv51 & :5 giv5 !y are plac$ on ! diagonal halfway betwe5 ! corn] 8,seimoku0 & ! c5t]4 ,^! f\r /ones are call$ 8,naka yotsu10 or 8! f\r middle /ones10 b su* a h&icap c\ld only be giv5 to ! m]e/ novice4 ,we h n[ complet$ a survey ( all ! actual rules ( ! game1 & x may be well to summ>ize !m 9 ord] t _! real simplicity may be cle>ly se52 briefly1 !y are z foll[s3 #a4 ,! object ( ! game is to obta9 vacant t]ritory4 #b4 ,! /ones are plac$ on ! int]sections & on any vacant int]section ! play] *ooses 7except 9 ! case ( 8,ko074 ,aft] !y are play$ !y are n mov$ aga94 #c4 7a7 ,"o or m /ones :i* are compactly surr\nd$ by ! /ones ( ! o!r side are said to be tak5 & are at once remov$ f ! bo>d4 7b7 ,/ones :i*1 :ile n actually surr\nd$ c inevitably be surr\nd$1 are dead1 & c be tak5 f ! bo>d at ! end ( ! game )\t fur!r play4 7c7 ,tak5 or dead /ones are us$ to fill up ! adv]s>y's t]ritory4 #d4 ,! game is at an end :5 ! oppos+ gr\ps ( /ones are 9 absolute contact 7! case ( 8,seki0 be+ ! s+le exception74 ,x is n possible to imag9e a game ) simpl] rules1 or ! elem5ts ( :i* are easi] to acquire4 ,we w n[ turn our att5tion to a few consid]ations z to ! be/ me?ods ( play1 & ( c]ta9 moves & =mations :i* occur 9 e game1 & also to ! names :i* 9 ,japanese are us$ to designate ^! ?+s4 ,,iv ,,g5]al ,,me?ods ,,( ,,play ,,& ,,t]m9ology ,,( ,,! ,,game ,z w be %[n m 9 detail 9 ! *apt] on ,op5+s or 8,joseki10 ! game is comm5c$ by play+ 9 ! corn]s ( ! bo>d1 & g5]ally on "o ( ! squ>es adjac5t to ! h&icap po9t4 ,! reason = ?is is t ! corn]s ( ! bo>d are natural =tresses1 & c be m readily def5d$ aga9/ attack4 ,x is also easi] to =m t]ritory 9 ! corn]s ( ! bo>d4 ,next to ! corn]s ( ! bo>d ! sides ( ! bo>d are easie/ to def5d1 & t]ritory is m easily =m$ along ! sides ?an 9 ! c5t]1 & 9 an ord9>y game ! play g5]ally proce$s f ! corn]s & edges to ! c5t]4 ,! importance :i* ! ,japanese atta* to ! corn]s is %[n by _! say+ 8,yo sumi tor>ete g wo utsu na10 or1 8if ! f\r corn]s are tak51 cease play+40 ,aga9/ a good play] x is next to impossible to =m t]ritory 9 ! c5t] ( ! bo>d1 unless x is bas$ on "o ( ! sides or corn]s4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 an old rule ( etiquette :i* is n consi/5t ) ?is !ory ( ! op5+2 x us$ to be reg>d$ z exce$+ly impolite & insult+ to play ! fir/ /one on ! h&icap po9t 9 ! c5t] ( ! bo>d1 call$ 8,t5 g540 ,x has be5 expla9$ to me t ! reason = ?is rule is t su* a move 0 suppos$ to assure ! victory to ! fir/ play]1 & x is relat$ t :5 on "o occasion ,murase ,%uho _h defeat$ a rival _m times 9 succession1 ! latt]1 becom+ desp]ate1 apologiz$ = 8 rud5ess & plac$ 8 /one on ?is spot1 & ,murase1 nev]!less1 succe$$ 9 w9n+ ! game1 :i* 0 reg>d$ z evid5ce ( 8 great skill4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 %[n by ,hon9bo ,dosaku t ?is move gives ! fir/ play] no decisive advantage1 & ,i h be5 also told by "s ,japanese t ! reason t ?is move is reg>d$ z impolite is because x is a wa/$ move1 & implies a disrespect = ! adv]s>y's skill1 & f :at exp]i5ce ,i h _h 9 ! game ,i ?9k ! latt] explanation is m plausible4 ,at all ev5ts1 su* a move is mo/ unusual & c only be utiliz$ by a play] ( ! highe/ skill4 ,:5 good play]s comm5ce ! game1 f ! fir/ !y h 9 m9d ! entire bo>d1 & !y g5]ally play a /one 9 ea* ( ! f\r corn]s & "o or two ar\nd ! edges ( ! bo>d1 sket*+ out1 z x 71 ! t]ritory :i* !y ultimately hope to obta94 ,!y d n at once attack ea* o!r's /ones1 & x is n until ! game is well advanc$ t any?+ l a h& to h& conflict occurs4 ,beg9n]s are likely to engage at once 9 a close conflict4 ,_! m9ds seem to be occupi$ ) an int5se desire to surr\nd & capture ! fir/ /ones ! adv]s>y places on ! bo>d1 & (t5 _! oppos+ gr\ps ( /ones1 />t+ 9 "o corn]1 w spread out 9 a /ruggl+ mass f t po9t all ov] ! bo>d4 ,!re is no sur] indication ( ! play ( a novice ?an ?is4 ,x is j z if a battle 7 to comm5ce )\t ! guidance ( a comm&+ (fic]1 by indiscrim9ate fi/icuffs among ! common soldi]s4 ,( ! o!r extreme1 or 8,ji dori ,g10 we h already spok54 ,ano!r way 9 :i* ! play ( exp]ts may be recogniz$ is t all ! /ones ( a good play] are likely to be connect$ 9 "o or at mo/ two gr\ps1 :ile poor] play]s f9d _! /ones divid$ up into small gr\ps ea* ( :i* has to /ruggle to =m ! necess>y two 8,me0 9 ord] to insure survival4 ,assum+ t we h advanc$ f> en\gh to avoid premature enc\nt]s or 8,ji dori ,g10 & are plac+ our /ones 9 advantage\s positions1 dec5tly & 9 ord]1 ! "q arises1 h[ _m spaces c be safely skipp$ f /one to /one 9 advanc+ our fronti]s2 t is to say1 h[ f> c /ones be sep>at$ & yet be pot5tially connect$1 & !re=e safe aga9/ attack8 ,! answ] is1 t two spaces c safely be left if !re are no adv]s>y's /ones 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity4 ,to demon/rate ?is1 let u suppose t ,black has /ones at ,r #ac & ,r #af1 & ,:ite tries to cut !m (f f ea* o!r4 ,:ite's be/ l9e ( attack w\ld be z foll[s3 ,,:ite ,,black ,r #ad ,s #ad ,r #ae ,s #ae ,q #af ,r #ag ,q #ac ,r #ab ,q #ab & ,black has made good 8 connection1 or ,black at 8 f\r? move c\ld play at ,q #ad1 !n ,w ,b ,q #ae ,r #ab ,p #ad takes4 ,!re are o!r cont9uations1 b !y are /ill worse = ,:ite4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! adv]s>y's /ones are already po/$ on ! l9e ( advance sometimes x is only safe to skip "o po9t1 & ( c\rse 9 close positions ! /ones mu/ be play$ s t !y are actually connect$4 ,! ,japanese call ?is skipp+ ( 8,me0 by ! t]ms 8,ikk5 tobi10 8,nikk5 tobi10 8,sang5 tobi10 etc41 :i* lit]ally means 8to fly "o1 two1 or ?ree spaces40 ,al?\gh ?is is pla9 en\gh1 ^! relations are nev]!less %[n on ,plate #ac1 ,diagrams ,i1 ,,ii1 & ,,iii4 ,:5 /ones ( opposite colors on ! same l9e are sep>at$ by vacant space 9 a simil> way 7,diagram ,,iv71 !n ! t]ms 8,ikk5 kak>i10 8,nikk5 kak>i10 etc41 are us$4 8,kak>i0 really means 8to hang0 or 8to be relat$10 b z us$ 9 ?is s5se x might be translat$ 8to attack40 ,sometimes ! /ones are plac$ 9 relation to ea* o!r l ! ,knight's move 9 ,*ess4 ,! ,knight 9 ,japanese is call$ 8,keima10 or 8! honorable horse10 & if ! /ones are ( ! same color ! relation is call$ 8,keima0 or 8,kogeima10 8,ko0 be+ ! dim9utive4 ,if ! /ones are ( opposite colors1 !n ! phrase 8,keima0 or 8,kogeima kak>i0 is us$ z 9 ! previ\s case4 ,! ,japanese also designate a relation simil> to ! ,knight's move1 b f>!r ap>t1 by special words2 ?us1 if ! /ones are "o space f>!r ap>t1 x is call$ 8,ogeima10 or 8! ,great ,knight's move10 & if ! /one is advanc$ "o /ep /ill f>!r1 x is call$ 8,daidaigeima10 or 8! ,great ,great ,knight's move40 ,on ,plate #ac1 ,diagrams ,v1 ,,vi1 & ,,vii1 are %[n 8,kogeima10 8,ogeima10 & 8,daidaigeima40 ,! next "q t w tr\ble ! beg9n] is :]e to place 8 /ones :5 8 adv]s>y is advanc+ into 8 t]ritory1 & beg9n]s are likely to play _! /ones directly 9 contact ) ! advanc+ =ces4 ,?is m]ely results 9 _! be+ engulf$ by ! attack+ l9e1 & ! /ones & t]ritory are bo? lo/4 ,if y wi% to /op y\r adv]s>y's advance1 play y\r /ones a space or two ap>t f 81 s t y h a *ance to /r5g!n y\r l9e be=e 8 attack is ^u y4 ,! next ?+ we w speak ( is :at ! ,japanese call ! 8,s5te40 ,?is ^w means lit]ally 8! lead+ h&10 b is be/ translat$ by our words 8hav+ ! (f5sive40 ,x corresponds q closely to ! ^w 8attack10 z x is us$ 9 ,*ess1 b 9 describ+ a game ( ,g x is bett] to res]ve ! ^w 8attack0 = a /rong] demon/ration ?an is indicat$ by ! ^w 8,s5te40 ,! 8,s5te0 m]ely means t ! play] hav+ x c compel 8 adv]s>y to answ] 8 moves or else su/a9 worse damage1 & sometimes "o play] w h ! 8,s5te0 9 "o portion ( ! bo>d1 & 8 adv]s>y may disreg>d ! attack & by play+ 9 "s o!r qu>t] take ! 8,s5te0 !re4 ,sometimes ! def5d+ play] by 8 +5i\s moves may turn ! tables on 8 adv]s>y & wre/ ! 8,s5te0 f him4 ,at all ev5ts1 hold+ ! 8,s5te0 is an advantage1 & ! annotations on illu/rative games ab\nd ) ref]5ces to x1 & cons]vative au?ors on ! game advise ab&on+ a /one or two = ! purpose ( tak+ ! 8,s5te40 ,sometimes a play] has ?ree /ones surr\nd+ a vacant space1 z %[n 9 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,viii1 & ! "q arises h[ to attack ?is gr\p4 ,?is is done by play+ on ! f\r? int]section4 ,! ,japanese call ?is 8,nozoku10 or 8peep+ into10 & :5 a /one is play$ 9 ?is way x g5]ally =ces ! adv]s>y to fill up t 8,me40 ,x may be m5tion$ "h also t :5 y\r adv]s>y is try+ to =m 8,me0 9 a disput$ t]ritory1 ! way to circumv5t him is to play y\r /ones on "o ( ! f\r po9ts he w obvi\sly ne$ to complete 8 8,me10 & sometimes ?is is done be=e he has ?ree ( ! necess>y /ones on ! bo>d4 ,! t]m 8,nozoku0 is also appli$ to any /one :i* is play$ z a prelim9>y move 9 cutt+ ! connection betwe5 two ( ! adv]s>y's /ones or gr\ps ( /ones4 ,sometimes a situation occurs z %[n 9 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,ix4 ,"h x is suppos$ to be ,:ite's move1 & he mu/1 ( c\rse1 play at ,k #h1 :]eupon ,black w\ld play at ,k #g 78,osa]u071 & ,:ite w\ld h to play at ,l #h 78,nobiru071 & s on until1 if ^! moves 7 p]si/$ 91 ! =mation w\ld /ret* 9 a zigzag l9e to ! edge ( ! bo>d4 ,?is situation is call$ 8,%i*o10 :i* really means 8a runn+ attack40 ,x results 9 ! capture ( ! :ite /ones :5 ! edge ( ! bo>d is rea*$1 unless !y happ5 to f9d a comrade po/$ on ! l9e ( retreat1 = in/ance1 at ,p #d1 9 :i* case !y c be sav$4 ,( c\rse1 betwe5 good play]s 8,%i*o0 is nev] play$ out to ! end1 = !y c at once see :e!r or n ! /ones w live1 & (t5 a /one plac$ seem+ly at r&om 9 a di/ant "p ( ! bo>d is play$ p>tly ) ! object ( support+ a retreat+ l9e %\ld 8,%i*o0 occur4 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,x1 %[s a situation t (t5 arises1 9 :i* ! ,:ite play]1 by putt+ 8 /one at ,m #a on ! edge ( ! bo>d1 c jo9 8 two gr\ps ( /ones4 ,?is is s because if ,black plays at ,l #a or ,n #a1 ,:ite c imm$iately kill ! /one4 ,?is jo9+ on ! edge ( ! bo>d is call$ by ! special t]m 8,wat>i10 :i* means 8to cross ov]10 ,sometimes we f9d ! ^w 8,wat>i0 us$ :5 ! connection betwe5 two gr\ps is made 9 a simil> way1 al?\gh n at ! extreme edge ( ! bo>d4 ,a mu* m frequ5t situation is %[n at ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,xi4 ,x is n wor?y ( special notice except because a special ^w is appli$ to x4 ,if ,black plays at ,s #a1 x is call$ 8,han]u10 :i* really means ! fl\ri% :i* is made 9 f9i%+ an ideograph4 ,we w n[ take up a few ( ! o!r words t are us$ by ! ,japanese z !y play ! game4 ,by f> ! mo/ frequ5t ( ^! are 8,tsugu10 8,kiru10 8,nobiru10 & 8,osa]u40 8,tsugu0 means 8to connect10 & :5 two /ones are adjac5t b on ! diagonal1 z %[n 9 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,xii1 x is necess>y to connect !m if an attack is ?reat5$4 ,?is may be done by play+ on ei!r side2 t is to say1 at ,q #ag or ,r #af4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 ,black %\ld play on bo? ^! po9ts1 ! :ite /ones w\ld be =ev] sep>at$1 & ?is cutt+ (f is call$ 8,kiru10 al?\gh1 z a rule1 :5 su* a situation is wor?y ( comm5t1 "o ( ! int]sections has already be5 fill$ by ! attack+ play]4 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,xiii1 illu/rates 8,kiru10 :]e1 if a black /one is play$ at ,q #ab1 ! :ite /ones are sep>at$4 8,kiru0 means 8to cut10 & is recognizable z "o ( ! compon5t p>ts ( t mu* abus$ & mispron\nc$ ^w 8,h>akiri40 8,nobiru0 means 8to ext5d10 & :5 !re is a l9e ( /ones x means ! add+ ( ano!r "o at ! end1 n skipp+ a space z 9 ! case ( 8,ikk5 tobi10 b ext5d+ ) ! /ones absolutely connect$4 ,9 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,xiv1 if ,black plays at ,q #i x w\ld be call$ 8,nobiru40 8,osa]u0 means 8to press d[n10 & ?is is :at we d :5 we desire to prev5t our adv]s>y f ext5d+ 8 l9e1 z se5 9 ! prec$+ diagram4 ,x is done by play+ directly at ! end ( ! adv]s>y's l9e1 z %[n 9 ,diagram ,,xv1 :]e ,black is suppos$ to play at ,q #f4 ,"h ,:ite mu/ play on "o side ( ! black /one1 b x mu/ be po9t$ out t unless !re is support 9 ! neighborhood = ! /one us$ 9 8,osa]u10 ! /one ?us play$ runs ! risk ( capture4 ,9 ,diagram ,,ix1 expla9+ 8,%i*o10 we also _h an illu/ration ( 8,nobiru0 & 8,osa]u40 ,if a /one is play$ on ! int]section diagonally adjac5t to ano!r /one1 x is call$ 8,kosumu10 b ?is ^w is n ne>ly s mu* us$ z ! o!r f\r4 ,sometimes1 also1 :5 x is necess>y to connect two gr\ps ( /ones in/ead ( plac+ ! /one s z actually to connect !m1 z 9 ! case ( 8,tsugu10 ! /one is play$ s z to effectively gu>d ! po9t ( connection & ?us prev5t ! adv]s>y's /one f sep>at+ ! two gr\ps4 ,?is play is call$ 8,kake tsugu10 or 8a hang+ connection02 e4g41 9 ,diagram ,,xiii1 if a :ite /one 7 play$ at ,q #aa x w\ld be an in/ance ( 8,kake tsugu0 & w\ld h prev5t$ ! black /one f cutt+ (f ! ,:ite connection at ,q #ab1 =1 if ! black /one 7 play$ !re aft] a :ite /one _h be5 plac$ at ,q #aa1 ,:ite c\ld capture x on ! next move4 ,pass+ f ^! words :i* describe ! commone/ moves 9 ! game1 we w m5tion ! expression 8,te okure0--lit]ally 8a sl[ h&0 or 8a sl[ move10 :i* means an unnecess>y or wa/$ move4 ,_m ( ! moves ( a beg9n] are ( ?is "*1 especially :5 he has a t]ritory pretty well f5c$ 9 & _c make up 8 m9d :e!r or n x is necess>y to /r5g!n ! gr\p be=e proce$+ to ano!r field ( battle4 ,9 annotat+ ! be/ games1 also1 x is us$ to mean a move t is n ! be/ possible move1 & we frequ5tly he> x us$ by ,japanese 9 criticis+ ! play4 8,semeai0 is ano!r ^w ) :i* we mu/ be famili>4 ,x means 8mutually attack+10 f 8,sem]u10 8to attack10 & 8,au10 8to enc\nt]10 t is to say1 if ! ,:ite play] attacks a gr\p ( black /ones1 ! ,black play] answ]s by endeavor+ to surr\nd ! surr\nd+ /ones1 & s on4 ,9 our ,illu/rative ,game1 ,numb] ,i1 ! play 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn] ( ! bo>d is an example ( 8,semeai40 ,x is 9 positions ( ?is k9d t ! condition ( affairs call$ 8,seki0 (t5 comes ab\t4 ,plate #ac1 ,diagram ,,xvi1 %[s a position :i* is illu/rat$ only because a special "n is appli$ to x4 ,! ,japanese call su* a relation ( /ones 8,*o tsugai10 lit]ally1 8! h+e ( a door40 ,! la/ expression :i* we w give is 8,naka o%i gat*i10 :i* is ! t]m appli$ to a victory by a l>ge m>g9 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! game4 ,^! ,japanese words mean 8to conqu] by pu%+ ! c5t]40 ,beg9n]s are g5]ally desir\s ( a*iev+ a victory 9 ?is way1 & are n cont5t to all[ _! adv]s>y any portion ( ! bo>d4 ,x is "o ( ! fir/ ?+s to be rememb]$1 t1 no matt] h[ skilful a play] may be1 8 adv]s>y w always be able to acquire "s t]ritory1 & "o ( ! maxims ( ! game is n to attempt to a*ieve too great a victory4 ,be=e proce$+ ) ! te*nical *apt]s on ! ,illu/rative ,games1 ,op5+s1 etc41 x may be well to say a ^w 9 reg>d to ! me?od adopt$ = keep+ a record ( ! game4 ,! ,japanese d ?is by simply %[+ a picture ( ! f9i%$ game1 on :i* ea* /one is numb]$ z x 0 play$4 ,if a /one is tak5 & ano!r /one is put 9 its place1 an annotation is made ov] ! diagram ( ! bo>d ) a ref]5ce to t int]section1 /at+ t su* a /one has be5 tak5 9 8,ko40 ,su* a me?od ) ! necess>y m>g9al annotation is good en\gh1 b x is v h>d to foll[1 z !re is no means ( tell+ :]e any /one is )\t se>*+ all ov] ! bo>d = x2 & :ile ! ,japanese are v clev] at ?is1 ,occid5tal /ud5ts ( ! game d n f9d x s easy4 ,!re=e1 ,i h adopt$ ! me?od sugge/$ by ,kors*elt1 :i* 9 turn is f\nd$ on ! cu/om ( ,*ess annotation 9 use all ov] ! _w4 ,! l9es at ! bottom ( ! bo>d are lett]$ f ,a to ,t1 ! lett] ,i be+ omitt$1 & at ! sides ( ! bo>d !y are numb]$ up f #a to #ai4 ,?us x is always easy to locate any giv5 /one4 ,9 ! la/ few ye>s ! ,japanese h comm5c$ to adopt an analog\s me?od ( notation4 ,v ,,illu/rative ,,games ,i ,plate #ad ,:ite4--,iwasa ,kei1 fif? degree4 ,black4--,madame ,tsutsuki ,yoneko1 second degree4 ,black has a h&icap ( two /ones4 ,play$ ab\t ,octob]1 #aijf4 ,! record is f ! 8,tokio ,ni*i ,ni*i40 ,play$ ab\t ,octob]1 #aijf4 ,! record is f ! 8,tokio ,ni*i ,ni*i40 ,?is game is select$ because x is v ?or\ghly play$ out4 ,! notes are int5d$ = beg9n]s1 & mu* is /at$ :i* is obvi\s to a play] ( any skill2 supplem5t+ ! explanations made 9 ! prec$+ *apt] ! ,japanese names ( ! v>i\s moves are giv54 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #ae4 ,a r unusual #b4 ,r #d4 ,call$ 8,komoku10 ! move call$ 8,moku mo/ usual & mo/ hadzu%i40 ,z w be se5 cons]vative me?od ( 9 ! *apt] on comm5c+ ! corn] 8,joseki10 x is ! lea/ play4 cons]vative ( ! ?ree usual op5+s4 #c4 ,p #c4 #d4 ,q #e4 ,int5d$ to attack ,no4 #c1 & also x comm5ces to make t]ritory on ! "r side ( ! bo>d4 #e4 ,d #ag4 ,?is move secures #f4 ,o #d4 ,cont9ues ! attack ?is corn] = ,:ite4 on ,no4 #c4 #g4 ,n #c4 78,ikk5 tobi07 ,m #c #h4 ,r #aj4 ,black tries to make w\ld be too f>4 t]ritory on ! "r side4 #i4 ,f #c4 78,kogeima407 ,?is is #aj4 ,c #g4 78,ogeima407 ,?is is ! usual move4 ! usual reply4 ,see ! *apt] on 8,joseki40 #aa4 ,c #c4 #ab4 ,d #c4 ,cutt+ (f ,no4 #aa4 #ac4 ,c #d4 78,nobiru407 ,giv+ #ad4 ,d #e4 aid to ,no4 #aa4 #ae4 ,c #e4 #af4 ,c #f4 78,osa]u407 ,black c\ld n d ?is be=e4 #ag4 ,d #b4 #ah4 ,e #b4 #ai4 ,c #b4 78,tsugu407 ,?is move #bj4 ,e #c4 78,tsugu407 ,:ite n[ is necess>y4 has ! corn]1 b ,black has possibilities ( expansion4 #ba4 ,f #d4 ,support+ ,no4 #i4 #bb4 ,e #f4 ,connect+ & at ! 8,ikk5 tobi0 w\ld be same "t attack+ ,:ite4 dang]\s4 #bc4 ,g #f4 #bd4 ,c #aa4 ,mak+ t]ritory on ! left side ( ! bo>d4 #be4 ,k #ag4 ,aim+ to make #bf4 ,l #c4 ,precipitate4 t]ritory at ! top ( ! bo>d4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,black's tw5ty-six? move is premature1 & x has ! effect ( precipitat+ ! conte/ too e>ly 9 ! game4 ,! t]ritory ar\nd t po9t is dang]\s gr\nd = ,black4 ,n #ag w\ld h be5 bett]40 #bg4 ,n #d4 ,?is is necess>y to #bh4 ,l #e4 ,lead+ out t[>d lead out ! /one at ,n #c4 ! c5t]4 78,ikk5 taka 8,ikk5 tobi0 w\ld be tobi407 dang]\s4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,black %\ld h play$ at ,h #d4 ,:ite w\ld !n play at ,f #b1 & ,black w\ld reply at ,e #a40 #bi4 ,o #e4 #cj4 ,h #c4 ,tak+ t]ritory4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,black %\ld /ill play at ,h #d40 #ca4 ,f #b4 ,prev5t+ ! #cb4 ,f #a4 78,han]u407 connection ( ! two ,black gr\ps4 #cc4 ,g #a4 #cd4 ,e #a4 78,tsugu407 ,?is s]ies ( moves is necess>y & (t5 occurs 9 ! game4 #ce4 ,h #b4 ,protect+ ! #cf4 ,j #c4 ,black mu/ connect1 connection at ,g #b4 o!rwise ! /one at ,h #c is lo/4 #cg4 ,f #f4 #ch4 ,f #h4 ,aim+ to make t]ritory4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,?is move does n hit ! spot4 ,x %\ld h be5 play$ at ,l #g40 #ci4 ,g #h4 ,?is move prev5ts #dj4 ,g #i4 ,:ite f be+ %ut 94 #da4 ,h #h4 78,nobiru407 #db4 ,f #g4 ,black completes 8 fronti]4 #dc4 ,g #g4 ,necess>y to connect4 #dd4 ,f #aj4 ,?is secures ! connection at ,f #i1 & at ! same "t ext5ds4 #de4 ,k #d4 ,:ite ?reat5s to #df4 ,l #d4 break ?r\gh 9 two places4 #dg4 ,h #i4 #dh4 ,l #g4 ,lead+ out ! /ones on l9e ,l1 :i* are n[ ?reat5$4 #di4 ,g #aa4 ,?is connects #ej4 ,q #c4 ,:ite's gr\ps & prev5ts ,black f ext5d+4 #ea4 ,p #d4 #eb4 ,q #g4 ,mak+ t]ritory on ! "r & at ! same "t attack+ ,:ite's five /ones4 #ec4 ,m #f4 ,?is move gives ,:ite #ed4 ,l #f4 ,black mu/ connect4 ! 8,s5te40 #ee4 ,p #g4 ,lead+ out ! small #ef4 ,n #h4 ,a dang]\s move4 ,:ite gr\p4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,?is move may be call$ a little dang]\s4 ,p #f w\ld h be5 pref]able1 & if ,:ite responds at ,o #h or ,o #g1 ,black c\ld reply at ,l #i40 #eg4 ,p #h4 #eh4 ,p #f4 #ei4 ,o #f4 #fj4 ,o #g4 78,kiru407 ,cutt+ (f connection ( ! :ite gr\ps4 #fa4 ,m #b4 ,s9ce ,:ite is cut #fb4 ,k #i4 ,black sees t ,:ite (f at ,o #g1 he mu/ =m c =m ! necess>y two 8,me0 9 ?is gr\p4 8,me10 & !re=e does n press ! attack4 #fc4 ,q #h4 #fd4 ,r #g4 ,black mu/ ext5d 9 ?is way4 #fe4 ,r #h4 #ff4 ,s #h4 78,osa]u407 #fg4 ,s #i4 #fh4 ,s #g4 78,tsugu407 ,! usual s]ies ( moves4 #fi4 ,p #e4 78,at>i407 #gj4 ,q #f4 #ga4 ,q #aj4 #gb4 ,q #aa4 #gc4 ,r #i4 #gd4 ,p #aj4 78,s5te407 #ge4 ,o #aj4 ,:ite mu/ sacrifice #gf4 ,s #aj4 ,no4 #ga 9 ord] to escape4 #gg4 ,n #i4 #gh4 ,m #h4 #gi4 ,p #i4 #hj4 ,q #i4 ,takes4 ,?is is 8,ko40 #ha4 ,t #aj4 78,han]u407 #hb4 ,t #aa4 78,osa]u407 #hc4 ,q #aj4 ,tak+ 9 8,ko40 #hd4 ,p #aa4 78,tsugu407 ,black mu/ play "h to save ! fronti]4 #he4 ,t #i4 ,sav+ ! /one at ,t #hf4 ,r #aa4 ,black _c neglect #aj4 to play "h4 #hg4 ,o #aa4 #hh4 ,l #aa4 #hi4 ,l #aj4 #ij4 ,k #aj4 #ia4 ,q #c4 ,:ite mu/ break up #ib4 ,p #ab4 ,black's t]ritory 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn]4 #ic4 ,m #aa4 ,:ite retreats4 #id4 ,m #aj4 #ie4 ,l #ab4 #if4 ,l #i4 ,takes4 ,:ite has escap$ by means ( sacrific+ "o /one4 #ig4 ,p #ac4 #ih4 ,o #ab4 #ii4 ,n #ab4 #ajj4 ,o #ac4 #aja4 ,s #ab4 78,nozoku407 #ajb4 ,k #ab4 #ajc4 ,o #ad4 #ajd4 ,n #ac4 78,%i*o407 #aje4 ,l #ac4 #ajf4 ,p #ad4 ,cuts ,:ite (f4 #ajg4 ,p #ae4 #ajh4 ,q #ad4 #aji4 ,q #ae4 #aaj4 ,r #ad4 #aaa4 ,r #ae4 #aab4 ,s #ad4 ,all ^! la/ moves are obvi\sly necess>y4 #aac4 ,o #ae4 ,connect+4 #aad4 ,s #ae4 #aae4 ,r #af4 #aaf4 ,m #ad4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,?is move is a mi/ake2 x %\ld h be5 play$ at ,m #ae40 #aag4 ,k #ad4 ,:ite's /ones 9 #aah4 ,m #af4 ! upp] left-h& corn] are n[ connect$4 #aai4 ,g #aj4 ,a def5sive move4 #abj4 ,f #i4 78,tsugu407 ,:ite attempts to get all 8 /ones 9 "o gr\p4 #aba4 ,j #ab4 ,protects ! #abb4 ,j #aa4 connection at ,h #aj4 #abc4 ,j #ac4 #abd4 ,n #aj4 ,protect+ ! 8,me0 at ,l #aj4 ,k #aa is 8,kageme40 #abe4 ,n #aa4 #abf4 ,o #ag4 #abg4 ,l #ae4 #abh4 ,m #ae4 ,:ite's situation 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn] looks v bad at ?is po9t4 #abi4 ,q #ag4 #acj4 ,r #ah4 ,a bett] move ?an ,q #af4 #aca4 ,n #ag4 #acb4 ,n #ah4 #acc4 ,q #ah4 #acd4 ,s #ag4 #ace4 ,m #ag4 #acf4 ,n #af4 ,:ite is prev5t$ f connect+4 #acg4 ,m #ah4 #ach4 ,m #ac4 ,?reat5+ ,:ite's o!r connection4 #aci4 ,m #ab4 ,:ite mu/ connect4 #adj4 ,p #ah4 ,to an inexp]t eye ,:ite's gr\p 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn] n[ looks hopeless4 #ada4 ,q #ai4 ,?is is to prev5t #adb4 ,o #af4 ,black mu/ play "h 8,wat>i40 to protect 8 f\r /ones4 #adc4 ,s #af4 #add4 ,t #af4 78,wat>i407 #ade4 ,t #ae4 ,a sacrifice to #adf4 ,t #ad4 ,black mu/ take ! prev5t ,black f =m+ /one4 8,me40 #adg4 ,r #ac4 ,! condition 9 #adh4 ,s #ac4 ?is corn] ( ! bo>d is n[ a f9e example ( 8,semeai40 #adi4 ,s #ah4 #aej4 ,t #ah4 #aea4 ,s #ai4 ,! situation is n[ #aeb4 ,r #ab4 ,:ite's sacrifice at highly int]e/+4 ,t #ae is n[ be>+ fruit4 #aec4 ,r #ag4 #aed4 ,t #ag4 ,nei!r side c play at ,t #ai )\t loss4 #aee4 ,p #af4 ,takes4 ,=m+ a #aef4 ,c #ac4 ,increas+ ,black's p]fect 8,me10 ! o!r t]ritory4 be+ at ,r #ah4 ,! play 9 ?is corn] is n[ complete4 #aeg4 ,b #e4 ,protect+ ! #aeh4 ,g #ac4 corn]4 #aei4 ,h #aa4 #afj4 ,l #af4 #afa4 ,k #af4 #afb4 ,f #ae4 ,ext5d+ ,black's fronti]s4 #afc4 ,f #ag4 #afd4 ,j #ae4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,black's moves #afd & #aff are bo? useless4 ,at move #afd ,black %\ld h play$ at ,d #ae40 #afe4 ,h #af4 #aff4 ,g #af4 #afg4 ,h #ae4 #afh4 ,d #ae4 #afi4 ,d #af4 #agj4 ,d #ad4 #aga4 ,g #ae4 #agb4 ,b #ae4 #agc4 ,b #af4 #agd4 ,c #ad4 ,complet+ ! fronti]4 #age4 ,p #b4 #agf4 ,q #b4 #agg4 ,q #a4 #agh4 ,r #a4 #agi4 ,p #a4 #ahj4 ,r #b4 ,! usual s]ies ( moves 9 su* a situation4 #aha4 ,c #af4 ,we might say t #ahb4 ,j #b4 ! end game comm5ces at ab\t ?is po9t4 #ahc4 ,l #b4 #ahd4 ,k #c4 #ahe4 ,a #g4 #ahf4 ,f #af4 #ahg4 ,g #ag4 #ahh4 ,f #ac4 ,! /one at ,g #ac ne$s support4 #ahi4 ,h #ac4 ,a v good move to #aij4 ,a #h4 ,/opp+ ,:ite's protect ,:ite's gr\p4 invasion4 #aia4 ,b #f4 #aib4 ,b #g4 #aic4 ,a #f4 #aid4 ,b #h4 ,! usual moves4 #aie4 ,b #ad4 #aif4 ,b #ac4 #aig4 ,a #ae4 ,takes4 #aih4 ,l #ag4 #aii4 ,l #ah4 ,complet+ ! #bjj4 ,m #ai4 fronti]4 #bja4 ,k #ah4 #bjb4 ,j #f4 ,all ! re/ ( ! bo>d is practically f9i%$4 #bjc4 ,f #aa4 #bjd4 ,e #aa4 #bje4 ,e #af4 #bjf4 ,e #ae4 #bjg4 ,h #ad4 #bjh4 ,g #ad4 #bji4 ,e #e4 #baj4 ,e #ab4 #baa4 ,h #e4 #bab4 ,j #e4 #bac4 ,h #d4 #bad4 ,j #d4 #bae4 ,g #c4 #baf4 ,j #i4 ,comm5t by ,hon9bo ,%uye3 8,?is move is unpr(itable4 ,_h ,black play$ at ,j #h1 a v good pr(it w\ld h be5 secur$40 #bag4 ,j #h4 #bah4 ,e #d4 #bai4 ,f #e4 #bbj4 ,d #a4 #bba4 ,c #a4 #bbb4 ,d #f4 ,black mu/ connect4 #bbc4 ,o #i4 #bbd4 ,m #i4 #bbe4 ,k #ac4 #bbf4 ,k #aa4 #bbg4 ,j #g4 #bbh4 ,h #f4 #bbi4 ,h #aj4 #bcj4 ,g #ab4 #bca4 ,h #ab4 #bcb4 ,k #g4 #bcc4 ,n #g4 #bcd4 ,o #h4 #bce4 ,s #e4 ,by sacrific+ "o #bcf4 ,q #d4 /one ,:ite =ces ,black to fill two spaces4 #bcg4 ,t #h4 #bch4 ,t #g4 #bci4 ,j #a4 #bdj4 ,k #b4 #bda4 ,k #a4 #bdb4 ,a #ac4 #bdc4 ,l #ai4 #bdd4 ,n #ai4 #bde4 ,p #ai4 #bdf4 ,o #ah4 #bdg4 ,a #ad4 #bdh4 ,l #ad4 #bdi4 ,k #ae4 #bej4 ,m #e4 #bea4 ,n #e4 #beb4 ,k #h4 #bec4 ,q #i4 78,ko tsugu407 ,"h ! game is left z f9i%$ 9 ! publi%$ report1 b ! rema9+ moves are n all /rictly speak+ 8,dame40 ,!re are q a numb] ( moves to be made be=e we c proce$ to ! c\nt4 ,! fir/ "q is1 naturally1 :at /ones are dead1 & we f9d t ,:ite has ?ree dead /ones at ,s #ab1 ,s #e1 & ,k #d4 ,black has ?ree dead /ones at ,j #ae1 ,o #d1 & ,r #ah4 ,! :ite /ones at ,p1 ,q1 & ,r #ac1 are n dead yet4 ,!y h aggressive possibilities1 & mu/ be actually surr\nd$4 ,z ne> z we c judge ! game w\ld proce$ z foll[s3 ,fir/3 ,necess>y al?\gh obvi\s moves :i* are n /rictly 8,dame40 ,,:ite ,,black #bed4 ,q #ab4 ,! ?ree :ite /ones mu/ be tak5 be=e ,black is safe4 #bee4 ,r #ai4 ,:ite mu/ take ?is #bef4 ,t #ae4 ,a necess>y be=e fill+ ,t #ai4 connection4 #beg4 ,n #f4 ,necess>y to =m connection4 ,second3 ,! foll[+ moves :i* are /rictly 8,dame40 ,x makes no diff]5ce :i* side fills ^! int]sections1 b x w\ld g5]ally be done z foll[s3 ,,:ite ,,black #beh4 ,t #ai4 #bei4 ,o #ai4 #bfj4 ,p #ag4 #bfa4 ,n #ae4 #bfb4 ,n #ad4 #bfc4 ,f #ab4 #bfd4 ,j #aj4 #bfe4 ,h #g4 #bff4 ,m #g4 #bfg4 ,m #d4 #bfh4 ,m #c4 ,! fronti]s are n[ absolutely 9 contact1 & ! c\nt c be made1 & x w be se5 t aft] fill+ up ! vacant t]ritory ) ! captur$ /ones z f> z !y w g1 ,black has won by ?ree po9ts4 ,! ,japanese w\ld re>range ! bo>d 9 ord] to make ! c\nt+ ( ! spaces m easy 78,me wo tsukuru071 b = ! fir/ game or two ! beg9n] might f9d x less confus+ to omit ?is process4 ,hon9bo ,%uye comm5ts on ?is game z foll[s3 8,9 spite ( s _m errors1 ,black w9s %[+ h[ great is ! advantage result+ f a h&icap40 ,,ii ,plate #ae ,:ite4--,murase ,%uho1 sev5? degree4 ,black4--,u*igaki ,suteki*i1 fif? degree4 ,?is game is tak5 f ,kors*elt1 & ! notes are 84 ,9 "s ( ^! notes w be f\nd m]e repetitions ( matt] t ,i h ins]t$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s1 or :i* w be h]eaft] f\nd 9 ! *apt] on 8,joseki40 ,^! notes are1 h[ev]1 v full & valuable1 & a little repetition may h ! effect ( aid+ ! memory ( ! /ud5t1 & w d no h>m4 ,contr>y to ! cu/om1 ?is game 0 play$ )\t h&icaps4 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,r #af4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( #b4 ,d #ag4 ! game ! corn]s & m>g9s are fir/ occupi$1 because x is !re t positions c mo/ easily be tak5 :i* _c be kill$1 & :i* also conta9 t]ritory4 ,f ! edges & corn]s ! play] makes t[>d ! c5t]4 ,?is process is repeat$ 9 e game4 #c4 ,q #c4 ,9 tak+ a corn] #d4 ,p #ag4 ,! attack c\ld t is /ill vacant !re also be comm5c$ at ,p #af4 is a *oice among sev5 po9ts2 e4g41 9 ! corn] designat$ z ,d #d1 ^! po9ts are ,d #c1 ,d #d1 ,d #e1 ,c #d1 ,c #e1 ,e #c1 & ,e #d4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,c #c & ,e #e are bad1 because ! t]ritory :i* is obta9$ by ,c #c is too small1 & ! adv]s>y w\ld reply to ,e #e ) ,d #d1 by means ( :i* ,e #e w\ld be cut (f f ! m>g94 ,( moves t are good ,d #c-;,c #d are ! sure/1 & mo/ frequ5tly us$4 ,e #d-;,d #e =m]ly 7 ! favorite moves1 b ! prec$+ moves are n[ pref]r$ to !m4 ,e #c-;,c #e are seldom us$4 ,all ( ?is1 ( c\rse1 applies to ! correspond+ po9ts 9 ! o!r ?ree corn]s4 #e4 ,c #d4 #f4 ,q #f4 ,correspond+ to ,no4 #d1 ?is move %\ld h be5 play$ at ,r #e or ,q #e1 b ,:ite plays on ,q #f1 because if he play$ on ,q #e1 ,black w\ld h repli$ at ,r #aj or ,r #i1 & lat] ,:ite ,p #e & ,black ,o #d w\ld h foll[$1 ) ! result t ,:ite has no?+1 :ile ,black has obta9$ two positions1 "o on ,o-,q & ! o!r on ,r4 #g4 ,o #d4 ,beg9n]s w\ld h #h4 ,d #ae4 ,! position ,d #ae-;,d repli$ to ,q #f ) ,q #e or #ag is v /rong1 & ,r #e4 ,!y attack _! play]s l to take x4 oppon5t at close qu>t]s ,?is applies1 ( c\rse1 f ! beg9n+1 to ! correspond+ because !y _c take positions 9 o!r p>ts 9 ! :ole field at a ( ! bo>d1 ( :i* glance4 ,_! entire !re are sev52 i4e41 ,c ef=t is to absorb ! #af-;,e #af1 ,q #c-,q #e1 etc4 ,z la/ /one t _! soon z "o play] gets a oppon5t has play$4 ,:5 position ( ! k9d 8 two beg9n]s play oppon5t (t5 takes a toge!r ! battle moves simil> position on ! sl[ly f a corn] out next move 9 ord] to ov] ! bo>d1 & "o balance ! advantage side ( ! bo>d is ga9$ by 8 adv]s>y2 entirely fill$ ) ?is is some?+ l /ones1 :ile ! o!r is ca/l+ 9 ,*ess4 completely empty4 ,?is is a sure sign ( bad play4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ! good play]s spread _! /ones ov] ! bo>d z mu* z possible1 & avoid close conflicts4 #i4 ,e #d4 #aj4 ,c #aj4 ,if ,:ite did n occupy ?is po9t1 we might h ! foll[+ cont9uation3 ,b4 ,c #aj ,w4 ,c #g ,b4 ,c #ac ,w4 ,e #g & ,black has ! advantage1 because ,:ite's /ones at ,c #g-;,e #g c only get "o 8,me0 on ! edge ( ! bo>d1 & lat] on mu/ seek a connection ) "s o!r gr\p4 ,by con/antly h>ass+ su* endang]$ gr\ps t]ritory is (t5 obta9$4 #aa4 ,r #ac4 ,9 place ( tak+ #ab4 ,c #e4 ,:ite sees t ,black ?is secure position on plays too c>efully1 & l9e ,r1 ,black %\ld h !re=e *all5ges him attack$ ! :ite /one ) a bold b premature on ,p #ag ) ,l #ag1 & 9 attack t gives ! ?is way ,black w\ld h :ole game its "*4 obta9$ positions on bo? l9e #ag & on l9e ,r4 #ac4 ,d #e4 #ad4 ,c #f4 #ae4 ,b #d4 #af4 ,d #f4 #ag4 ,e #f4 #ah4 ,e #g4 #ai4 ,f #f4 #bj4 ,h #c4 ,z soon z ,black answ]s ?is move1 ,:ite w take t]ritory on ! "r or left ( ,h #c4 #ba4 ,g #b4 ,is play$ v #bb4 ,m #c4 ,two /ones :i* c>efully4 ,k #c w\ld mutually support ea* probably h be5 bett]4 o!r on ! m>g9 ( ! ,9 t case ,:ite w\ld bo>d & =m a position ei!r h play$ ,h #e 9 _c be sep>at$ by ord] to save ,h #c1 m ?an two spaces2 = :]eupon in/ance1 ,r #ac-,r #af4 ,9 t case ! adv]s>y ,b4 ,f #g ,w4 ,e #h _c cut "o (f f ,b4 ,k #e ! o!r4 7,kors*elt "h ins]ts cont9uations w\ld h foll[$1 or simil> to :at we h ,:ite w\ld h answ]$ %[n 9 a prec$+ at ,k #d4 *apt]47 ,!re=e1 ,:ite's tw5tie? & tw5ty-second moves are m]ely int5d$ to fill t]ritory t w\ld o!rwise fall to ,black1 & are n int5d$ to =m a new gr\p4 #bc4 ,h #b4 ,! only correct #bd4 ,m #e4 ,:ite seeks to =m a answ] w\ld h be5 ,k connection ) ,no4 #f1 #c1 :i* w\ld h :i* ,black fru/rates by sep>at$ ,:ite's 8 tw5ty-fif? move4 ,x tw5tie? & is ( ! greate/ tw5ty-second /ones4 importance to prev5t ! union ( gr\ps :i* ! adv]s>y has =m$ on ! m>g91 9 ord] t !y may rema9 weak1 & require cont9u\s def5se4 ,! play] :o has ! 8,s5te0 mo/ ( ! "t w g5]ally be ! victor4 #be4 ,o #f4 #bf4 ,q #i4 ,is v necess>y 9 ord] n to surr5d] ! entire "r side to ,black4 #bg4 ,k #ag4 ,all good play]s #bh4 ,h #ag4 ,?is move has ! agree t #bg %\ld n effect ( ab&on+ /one h be5 play$ at ,k #ag1 ,no4 #d at ,p #ag4 ,aft] b at ,l #ag4 ,?is is ,black's tw5ty-n9? move difficult to und]/& at ,n #ag1 ,no4 #d c\ld /ill because ,k #ag c be escape by means ( ,p #ae1 support$ f bo? sides b giv+ x up br+s at ,g #ag & ,n #ag1 b ,l #ag m t]ritory else:]e is bett] because ,black ?an is !re lo/4 ,x is %\ld be occupi$ n a favorite device ( m]ely ) tak+ a /rong play]s to position1 b m app>5tly ab&on a p>ticul>ly ) kill+ position to _! ,:ite's f\r? /one4 ,9 adv]s>y aft] fir/ ! sequel ,k #ag is prep>+ x s t actually tak5 by ,:ite4 ev5tually x may live1 or s t x may aft]w>d aid 9 surr\nd+ "o ( ! adv]s>y's gr\ps4 ,! ab&on$ position (t5 reawak5s to life if ! weak] adv]s>y all[s 8 surr\nd+ gr\p to be itself surr\nd$ & tak5 be=e ! capture ( ! ab&on$ position has be5 complet$4 #bi4 ,n #ag4 #cj4 ,f #g4 #ca4 ,g #g4 #cb4 ,k #c4 ,x might h be5 bett] to h play$ at ,g #h4 ,!n if ,black repli$ at ,h #g1 ,:ite c\ld play at ,c #aj1 & ! :ite t]ritory 9 ! neighborhood ( l9e ,d w\ld be v l>ge4 ,c]ta9ly 9 t case ,h #c w\ld h be5 ab&on$1 b n ,m #c-,m #e4 ,s9ce #cb ,k #c is purely def5sive1 ,black gets ! attack1 & appreciably r$uces ! :ite t]ritory 9 ! neighborhood ( l9e ,d4 #cc4 ,d #h4 #cd4 ,d #g4 #ce4 ,d #aa4 #cf4 ,c #aa4 #cg4 ,d #ab4 #ch4 ,c #ab4 #ci4 ,d #ac4 #dj4 ,c #ac4 #da4 ,g #i4 #db4 ,g #f4 ,if ?is move _h n divid$ ! black gr\ps1 ,black w\ld h become too p[]ful4 #dc4 ,h #g4 #dd4 ,e #i4 ,?is connects ! two p>ts ( ! ,:ite position1 :i* connection 0 ?reat5$ by ,black's ?irty-?ird /one4 ,moreov]1 ! 8,s5te0 rema9s ) ,:ite1 because ,black _c all[ 8 position to be brok5 into ?r\gh ,f #aj4 #de4 ,g #ab4 #df4 ,q #ad4 #dg4 ,r #ad4 #dh4 ,r #ag4 #di4 ,s #ag4 #ej4 ,q #af4 #ea4 ,r #ae4 #eb4 ,r #aa4 ,! beg9n] w wond] t #eb ,q #ae did n foll[ #ea ,r #ae4 ,?is is because #ec ,r #aj-ed ,r #i w\ld result1 & ,:ite w\ld be at a disadvantage4 ,! moves #df-eb are "p ( a deeply ?\ght-out plan on ! "p ( ,:ite4 ,black c\ld af=d to ignore ,no4 #d z long z x /ood alone4 ,!reupon ,:ite increases x by ,nos4 #dh & #ej1 & ,black mu/ accept ! sacrifice1 because o!rwise ,nos4 #bg-bi are ?reat5$4 ,by ?is sacrifice ,:ite gets ! t]ritory ar\nd ,no4 #bg1 & also has an opportunity ( increas+ 8 position on l9e ,q by 8 fifty-second move4 #ec4 ,o #af4 #ed4 ,m #af4 ,on ! fifty-?ird move ,black proce$s ) ! capture ( ,nos4 #d1 #dh1 & #ej1 :ile ,:ite on 8 fifty-f\r? move hems 9 ,no4 #bg4 #ee4 ,h #af4 ,?is move is ignor$ #ef4 ,m #ag4 by ,:ite because ,black mu/ reply to 8 fifty-six? & fifty-eigh? moves 9 ord] to save ,nos4 #bi & #ec4 #eg4 ,n #ah4 #eh4 ,m #ah4 #ei4 ,q #ae4 #fj4 ,j #ag4 #fa4 ,j #af4 #fb4 ,k #ah4 #fc4 ,e #af4 #fd4 ,d #af4 #fe4 ,g #ag4 #ff4 ,k #af4 #fg4 ,p #af4 ,?is is necess>y to #fh4 ,k #ae4 avoid ! foll[+ cont9uation3 ,w4 ,p #af1 ,o #ae1 ,n #af1 ,o #ad ,b4 ,p #ae1 ,n #ae1 ,o #ag1 ,p #ah & ,:ite has ! advantage4 #fi4 ,d #ad4 #gj4 ,c #ad4 #ga4 ,r #e4 #gb4 ,r #f4 #gc4 ,e #ae4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ #gd4 ,q #e4 ,murase ,%uho ?\ght importance to ,black to t #gd 0 a bad move & occupy ?is po9t1 = t ,s #e w\ld h be5 o!rwise ,:ite w\ld bett]4 ,! game w\ld press f> into 8 !n h cont9u$ z t]ritory ?r\gh ?is foll[s3 op5+4 ,he goes fir/1 h[ev]1 on 8 ,b4 #gc4 ,e #ae1 ,r #d sev5ty-fir/ move to ,r #e1 ,w4 ,s #e1 ,s #d because ,:ite mu/ foll[1 & !n to #gc1 because on ,he also ?\ght t ?is move he loses ! ,:ite's moves f #gf-hb 8,s5te40 ,black c\ld also 7 bad1 because no?+ h occupi$ ,s #e1 to 9 p>ticul> 0 :i* ,:ite w\ld h accompli%$ by sep>at+ repli$ ) ,s #f1 because ,o #d f ,o #f1 s9ce x 0 o!rwise ! foll[+ impossible to kill !m4 cont9uation w\ld h occurr$3 ,b4 ,s #e1 ,s #f1 ,s #h1 ,r #h1 ,q #h ,w4 ,e #ae1 ,s #g1 ,t #g1 ,r #g & ! ,:ite position is brok5 up4 ,x is because ,black play$ at ,e #ae too ha/ily & )\t fir/ occupy+ ,s #e t ,:ite c break up ! ,black position by ! s]ies ( moves ,nos4 #gd-hb4 #ge4 ,s #e4 #gf4 ,q #d4 #gg4 ,r #c4 #gh4 ,p #c4 #gi4 ,p #b4 #hj4 ,o #c4 #ha4 ,o #b4 #hb4 ,p #d4 #hc4 ,n #h4 #hd4 ,l #h4 #he4 ,o #aj4 #hf4 ,f #c4 #hg4 ,g #c4 #hh4 ,f #d4 #hi4 ,e #c4 #ij4 ,g #e4 #ia4 ,e #e4 ,black has play$ on #ib4 ,j #f4 ?is po9t because o!rwise ,e #f-;,f #f w die2 ?us1 ,w4 ,e #e1 ,b4 ,f #e takes ,w4 ,e #e retakes #ic4 ,g #d4 ,?is is int5d$ to #id4 ,h #ad4 ,f ?is po9t on1 secure ,h #b1 ,g #b & ,g #c4 ! t]ritory 9 ! ,! simple/ way ( do+ c5t] is fill$ up4 ,black ?is w\ld be to play at ,f & ,:ite seem to get x #b1 b ,g #d ga9s six m 9 ab\t equal p>ts4 8,me0 because ,f #c-;,f #d may be reg>d$ z tak54 #ie4 ,l #aj4 #if4 ,j #aa4 #ig4 ,h #aa4 #ih4 ,f #ad4 #ii4 ,e #ad4 #ajj4 ,h #aj4 #aja4 ,g #aj4 #ajb4 ,h #ab4 #ajc4 ,g #aa4 #ajd4 ,o #h4 #aje4 ,q #aj4 #ajf4 ,r #aj4 #ajg4 ,p #h4 #ajh4 ,p #i4 #aji4 ,o #i4 #aaj4 ,o #g4 #aaa4 ,p #aj4 #aab4 ,r #h4 #aac4 ,n #g4 #aad4 ,p #g4 #aae4 ,l #i4 #aaf4 ,k #h4 #aag4 ,j #i4 #aah4 ,k #ab4 #aai4 ,j #aj4 #abj4 ,n #f4 #aba4 ,a #g4 ,?is move is wor?y #abb4 ,b #g4 ( /udy4 #abc4 ,n #b4 #abd4 ,j #e4 #abe4 ,e #ah4 #abf4 ,d #ah4 #abg4 ,g #ah4 #abh4 ,g #ac4 #abi4 ,m #ab4 #acj4 ,f #ab4 #aca4 ,f #aa4 #acb4 ,e #aj4 #acc4 ,e #aa4 #acd4 ,s #ab4 #ace4 ,s #ac4 #acf4 ,n #ad4 #acg4 ,l #ab4 #ach4 ,l #ac4 #aci4 ,m #ac4 #adj4 ,l #ad4 #ada4 ,k #aa4 #adb4 ,j #ab4 #adc4 ,a #f4 #add4 ,a #h4 #ade4 ,b #e4 #adf4 ,b #f4 #adg4 ,a #e4 #adh4 ,b #h4 #adi4 ,s #f4 #aej4 ,s #g4 #aea4 ,m #h4 #aeb4 ,m #f4 ,n at ,m #g1 because t w\ld lead to ! loss ( ,k #h-,l #h4 #aec4 ,d #ai4 #aed4 ,c #ai4 #aee4 ,e #ai4 #aef4 ,c #ah4 #aeg4 ,n #c4 #aeh4 ,n #d4 #aei4 ,l #b4 #afj4 ,l #c4 #afa4 ,k #b4 #afb4 ,f #e4 #afc4 ,f #b4 #afd4 ,e #ag4 #afe4 ,f #ag4 #aff4 ,h #ai4 #afg4 ,h #ah4 #afh4 ,j #ah4 #afi4 ,g #ai4 #agj4 ,p #ad4 #aga4 ,p #ae4 #agb4 ,n #ai4 #agc4 ,o #ai4 #agd4 ,m #ai4 #age4 ,o #ag4 #agf4 ,r #d4 #agg4 ,s #d4 #agh4 ,t #f4 #agi4 ,r #ab4 #ahj4 ,s #aa4 #aha4 ,o #ac4 #ahb4 ,o #ad4 #ahc4 ,p #ac4 ,?is is z f> z ! game is record$ 9 ! ,g magaz9e1 publi%$ by ,murase ,%uho4 ,a good play] c n[ =esee ! result at ! co/ ( a little tr\ble4 ,black has won by five po9ts4 ,accord+ to ,kors*elt's view1 ! play w\ld h proce$$ z foll[s3 ,,black ,,:ite #ahd4 ,t #e4 #ahe4 ,t #d4 #ahf4 ,t #g4 #ahg4 ,s #c4 #ahh4 ,g #ae4 #ahi4 ,g #af4 #aij4 ,j #h4 #aia4 ,h #h4 #aib4 ,n #ac4 #aic4 ,n #ab4 #aid4 ,m #ad4 #aie4 ,j #g4 #aif4 ,k #g4 #aig4 ,f #h4 #aih4 ,e #h4 #aii4 ,d #aj4 #bjj4 ,d #i4 #bja4 ,j #ae4 #bjb4 ,j #ad4 #bjc4 ,j #ai4 ,takes4 #bjd4 ,k #ai4 #bje4 ,q #aa4 #bjf4 ,f #ae4 #bjg4 ,f #af4 #bjh4 ,j #b4 #bji4 ,j #a4 #baj4 ,j #c4 #baa4 ,m #g4 #bab4 ,l #g4 #bac4 ,h #d4 #bad4 ,j #d4 #bae4 ,n #ae4 #baf4 ,k #i4 #bag4 ,k #aj4 #bah4 ,m #b4 #bai4 ,m #a4 #bbj4 ,q #ac4 #bba4 ,m #ae4 #bbb4 ,l #ae4 #bbc4 ,f #i4 #bbd4 ,q #ab4 #bbe4 ,p #ab4 #bbf4 ,t #ac4 #bbg4 ,t #ad4 #bbh4 ,t #ab4 #bbi4 ,h #ai4 ,! /ones t are /ill to be play$ are 8,dame40 ,by play+ ^! no 8,me0 c be ei!r won or lo/1 & = ! mo/ "p x makes no diff]5ce :e!r !y are fill$ up by ,black or ,:ite4 ,^! are z foll[s3 ,o #ae1 ,n #af1 ,h #e1 ,h #f1 ,f #ac1 ,e #ac1 ,h #e1 ,h #ae1 ,f #aj1 ,e #ac ,e #ab1 ,h #ae1 ,f #aj4 ,black has sixty-f\r 8,me0 & ,:ite fifty-sev5 8,me40 ,,iii ,black4--,ito ,kot>o1 fif? degree4 ,:ite4--,k>igane ,juni*i1 six? degree4 ,?is game 0 play$ 9 ,tokio ab\t ,janu>y1 #aijg1 & is a f9e illu/ration ( ! rule ( 8,ko40 ,no h&icaps 7 giv54 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 78,komoku407 ,black #b4 ,q #c4 be+ ! weak] play]1 adopts a cons]vative op5+4 #c4 ,d #ag4 #d4 ,c #ae4 #e4 ,e #c4 ,! op5+ is #f4 ,c #i4 ,?is is an unusual conv5tional s f>4 move4 #g4 ,f #af4 #h4 ,c #ag4 #i4 ,c #ah4 #aj4 ,d #af4 #aa4 ,e #ag4 #ab4 ,q #ag4 #ac4 ,r #ae4 #ad4 ,r #f4 #ae4 ,r #aa4 #af4 ,k #c4 #ag4 ,n #ag4 #ah4 ,d #ab4 ,n ! be/ move4 ,p #af w\ld h be5 bett]4 ,?is "p ( ! game is g5]ally devot$ to ! g5]al di/ribution ( /ones4 #ai4 ,p #af4 ,:ite's /one at ,q #bj4 ,p #ag4 #ag is n[ %ut 94 ,if ! black /one at ,n #ag 7 at ,m #ag1 ,:ite c\ld h escap$4 #ba4 ,o #ag4 #bb4 ,s #af4 #bc4 ,r #af4 #bd4 ,r #ag4 #be4 ,s #ae4 #bf4 ,s #ag4 #bg4 ,p #ah4 #bh4 ,q #ah4 #bi4 ,o #ai4 ,probably n ! #cj4 ,s #ai4 ,! corn] is a be/4 ,o #ae w\ld h _h typical ,g problem4 ,:ite great] possibilities4 _h to place ?is /one v c>efully 9 ord] to provide = ! necess>y two 8,me40 #ca4 ,j #af4 ,n ! be/4 ,o #ae #cb4 ,q #af4 w\ld h be5 bett]4 #cc4 ,q #ae4 #cd4 ,p #ae4 ,cutt+ ,black's connection4 ,! necessity = a black /one at ,o #ae is n[ app>5t4 #ce4 ,o #af4 #cf4 ,p #ad4 #cg4 ,r #ac4 #ch4 ,q #ab4 #ci4 ,q #aa4 #dj4 ,p #ab4 #da4 ,p #aa4 #db4 ,m #ac4 #dc4 ,r #h4 ,n ! be/ move4 ,n #dd4 ,k #af4 ,:ite n[ comm5ces #aa w\ld h be5 m a s]ies ( moves to break aggressive4 up ,black's t]ritory at ! top ( ! bo>d4 #de4 ,k #ag4 #df4 ,l #ag4 #dg4 ,l #af4 #dh4 ,k #ae4 #di4 ,l #ae4 #ej4 ,j #ag4 #ea4 ,k #ah4 #eb4 ,h #ag4 #ec4 ,l #ah4 #ed4 ,j #ae4 #ee4 ,h #af4 #ef4 ,g #af4 #eg4 ,h #ae4 #eh4 ,g #ae4 #ei4 ,h #ad4 #fj4 ,g #ag4 #fa4 ,j #ac4 #fb4 ,o #aa4 #fc4 ,o #aj4 #fd4 ,n #aa4 #fe4 ,n #aj4 #ff4 ,m #aa4 #fg4 ,k #ab4 ,an ineffective move2 #fh4 ,b #ag4 ,b #ag w\ld h be5 bett]4 #fi4 ,b #ah4 #gj4 ,f #ae4 #ga4 ,f #ah4 ,black mu/ def5d #gb4 ,a #ah4 8 corn]1 :i* is already mu* r$uc$ 9 size4 #gc4 ,g #ai4 #gd4 ,l #ad4 #ge4 ,k #ad4 ,! ?ree :ite #gf4 ,m #ae4 /ones1 ,j #ae1 ,k #ae1 & ,k #af are dead4 ,!y 7 sacrific$ 9 ord] to break up ,black's t]ritory at ! top ( ! bo>d4 #gg4 ,m #af4 #gh4 ,q #h4 #gi4 ,q #g4 #hj4 ,r #g4 #ha4 ,p #h4 #hb4 ,s #h4 #hc4 ,q #i4 ,takes4 #hd4 ,r #i4 #he4 ,o #ac4 ,an ef=t to deprive #hf4 ,o #ad4 ! :ite gr\p ( ! necess>y 8,me0 & to envelop !m4 #hg4 ,n #ac4 #hh4 ,n #ad4 #hi4 ,l #aj4 #ij4 ,l #aa4 #ia4 ,k #aj4 ,k #aa w\ld n d2 #ib4 ,r #ab4 ,:ite c\ld break ?r\gh 9 t case4 #ic4 ,s #ab4 #id4 ,q #ac4 #ie4 ,s #aj4 #if4 ,r #ad4 #ig4 ,s #ad4 #ih4 ,s #ac4 ,takes4 #ii4 ,t #ac4 8,wat>i40 #ajj4 ,l #ab4 #aja4 ,n #ab4 #ajb4 ,m #aj4 #ajc4 ,m #i4 #ajd4 ,k #aa4 #aje4 ,j #aa4 ,:ite is n[ %ut #ajf4 ,o #ab4 ,:ite saves 8 94 gr\p 9 ?is way because he c get ! position call$ 8,mag>i %imoku wa me0 no matt] :at ,black does4 #ajg4 ,r #d4 #ajh4 ,q #d4 #aji4 ,r #c4 #aaj4 ,r #b4 #aaa4 ,s #b4 #aab4 ,q #b4 #aac4 ,s #e4 #aad4 ,q #f4 #aae4 ,s #a4 ,black's corn] is #aaf4 ,q #h4 ,takes4 8,ko40 small1 b x w surely live4 #aag4 ,p #g4 #aah4 ,p #i4 #aai4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #abj4 ,t #c4 ,an ef=t to de/roy ! corn]4 #aba4 ,s #c4 #abb4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 #abc4 ,p #aj4 #abd4 ,n #d4 ,:ite ev5tually w9s ! game by means ( ! t]ritory he n[ maps out4 #abe4 ,e #af4 #abf4 ,e #ae4 #abg4 ,d #ad4 8,nozoku40 #abh4 ,d #ae4 #abi4 ,c #g4 #acj4 ,j #aj4 #aca4 ,l #h4 #acb4 ,h #aa4 #acc4 ,j #ab4 #acd4 ,j #i4 #ace4 ,g #aa4 ,n v good4 ,black #acf4 ,n #h4 %\ld h play$ at ,k #h4 #acg4 ,n #i4 #ach4 ,k #h4 #aci4 ,l #i4 ,black mu/ play "h #adj4 ,b #d4 to protect 8 two /ones4 #ada4 ,b #c4 #adb4 ,d #d4 #adc4 ,c #c4 #add4 ,c #e4 #ade4 ,c #f4 ,an unusual way ( #adf4 ,n #f4 play+ ! corn]4 #adg4 ,l #f4 #adh4 ,k #e4 #adi4 ,k #f4 #aej4 ,j #e4 #aea4 ,j #f4 #aeb4 ,h #f4 #aec4 ,h #g4 #aed4 ,g #aj4 #aee4 ,f #aa4 #aef4 ,g #g4 #aeg4 ,g #f4 #aeh4 ,h #e4 #aei4 ,g #h4 #afj4 ,f #g4 #afa4 ,f #h4 #afb4 ,h #h4 #afc4 ,j #g4 ,note h[ ! c5t] #afd4 ,f #aj4 fills up )\t ei!r side gett+ t]ritory !re4 #afe4 ,e #h4 #aff4 ,e #g4 #afg4 ,e #aa4 #afh4 ,e #aj4 #afi4 ,d #aa4 #agj4 ,d #h4 #aga4 ,d #g4 #agb4 ,f #e4 #agc4 ,e #e4 #agd4 ,f #f4 #age4 ,c #ad4 #agf4 ,m #g4 #agg4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 ,a weak move4 #agh4 ,b #ad4 ,:ite's gr\p is n[ ,:ite's position is safe4 already bett]1 & ,black %\ld play at ,b #ad1 :]e he might h a *ance to kill ,:ite's gr\p1 9 ! upp] left-h& corn]4 #agi4 ,b #ac4 #ahj4 ,a #ad4 #aha4 ,c #ab4 #ahb4 ,b #af4 ,?is is an int]e/+ problem4 ,if ,:ite plays at ,b #ae1 ,black c\ld kill ! gr\p4 #ahc4 ,l #g4 #ahd4 ,d #e4 #ahe4 ,c #h4 #ahf4 ,d #i4 #ahg4 ,b #e4 #ahh4 ,b #f4 #ahi4 ,a #d4 ,takes4 #aij4 ,d #f4 #aia4 ,b #g4 #aib4 ,b #h4 #aic4 ,a #f4 ,takes4 #aid4 ,f #b4 ,def5d+ 8 l>ge t]ritory on ! l[] edge ( ! bo>d4 #aie4 ,e #d4 #aif4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 ,attack+ ,black's gr\p :i* has /ill to =m ! necess>y two 8,me40 #aig4 ,j #h4 #aih4 ,h #i4 ,:ite _c af=d to fill ! 8,ko0 at ,r #h4 #aii4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #bjj4 ,g #ah4 #bja4 ,h #ai4 #bjb4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 ,return+ to ! attack4 #bjc4 ,o #i4 ,takes4 #bjd4 ,e #f4 ,a necess>y connection4 #bje4 ,g #d4 ,invad+ ,:ite's #bjf4 ,g #e4 ,takes4 ,:ite mu/ d t]ritory4 ?is or lose t5 /ones4 #bjg4 ,e #b4 #bjh4 ,g #c4 #bji4 ,p #f4 #baj4 ,p #e4 #baa4 ,m #e4 #bab4 ,n #e4 #bac4 ,m #d4 #bad4 ,m #c4 ,?is ends ,black's invasion4 #bae4 ,f #d4 #baf4 ,q #ad4 #bag4 ,r #ac4 8,ko40 #bah4 ,b #ai4 8,s5te40 #bai4 ,d #ah4 ,black mu/ connect4 #bbj4 ,s #ac4 8,ko40 #bba4 ,r #e4 #bbb4 ,q #e4 #bbc4 ,r #ac4 8,ko40 ,black mu/ w9 #bbd4 ,j #ah4 ?is 8,ko0 or lose five /ones4 #bbe4 ,j #ai4 #bbf4 ,s #ac4 8,ko40 #bbg4 ,l #d4 8,s5te40 #bbh4 ,l #c4 #bbi4 ,r #ac4 8,ko40 ,black's gr\p #bcj4 ,h #ab4 is n[ safe4 #bca4 ,s #ac4 8,ko tsugu40 #bcb4 ,e #ac4 #bcc4 ,b #aj4 #bcd4 ,b #i4 #bce4 ,f #ac4 #bcf4 ,e #ad4 #bcg4 ,g #ad4 #bch4 ,h #c4 #bci4 ,s #f4 #bdj4 ,d #c4 #bda4 ,d #b4 #bdb4 ,c #aj4 #bdc4 ,c #aa4 #bdd4 ,b #aa4 #bde4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #bdf4 ,m #f4 #bdg4 ,l #e4 #bdh4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 #bdi4 ,r #a4 #bej4 ,q #a4 #bea4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #beb4 ,s #g4 #bec4 ,s #i4 #bed4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 #bee4 ,e #ab4 #bef4 ,d #ac4 #beg4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #beh4 ,g #ab4 8,s5te40 #bei4 ,f #ab4 #bfj4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 #bfa4 ,f #c4 #bfb4 ,g #b4 #bfc4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #bfd4 ,t #d4 #bfe4 ,t #b4 ,black mu/ def5d 8 #bff4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 gr\p4 #bfg4 ,t #af4 #bfh4 ,t #ag4 #bfi4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #bgj4 ,t #f4 #bga4 ,t #e4 ,black mu/ /op ! #bgb4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 ,:ite advance4 #bgc4 ,q #ai4 #bgd4 ,r #ai4 #bge4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #bgf4 ,p #ai4 8,ko40 #bgg4 ,o #ah4 #bgh4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 #bgi4 ,s #ah4 ,if ,black c also #bhj4 ,t #ah4 play at ,t #ai1 ,:ite's corn] is dead4 #bha4 ,r #h4 8,ko40 #bhb4 ,n #ae4 #bhc4 ,l #ac4 ,purposely />t+ #bhd4 ,k #ac4 8,ko40 ano!r 8,ko40 #bhe4 ,b #ab4 #bhf4 ,l #ac4 8,ko tsugu40 #bhg4 ,a #aa4 ,takes4 #bhh4 ,q #h4 8,ko40 #bhi4 ,c #ac4 #bij4 ,r #h4 8,ko tsugu40 #bia4 ,k #i4 ,black mu/ =m #bib4 ,o #f4 ano!r 8,me0 = ?is gr\p at once4 #bic4 ,j #d4 #bid4 ,h #d4 #bie4 ,k #d4 #bif4 ,c #b4 #big4 ,b #b4 #bih4 ,e #a4 #bii4 ,c #a4 ,takes4 #cjj4 ,j #c4 #cja4 ,t #i4 ,! game is #cjb4 ,n #af4 practically ov] at ?is po9t4 #cjc4 ,j #ad4 ,tak+ ?ree /ones4 #cjd4 ,o #h4 #cje4 ,t #ai4 ,takes4 #cjf4 ,o #g4 #cjg4 ,p #i4 ,connect+4 #cjh4 ,t #ae4 ,takes4 #cji4 ,t #h4 #caj4 ,c #ai4 #caa4 ,f #ag4 #cab4 ,a #ac4 #cac4 ,a #ab4 #cad4 ,a #ag4 #cae4 ,d #ai4 #caf4 ,a #ai4 #cag4 ,r #aj4 #cah4 ,a #i4 #cai4 ,a #aj4 #cbj4 ,q #ai4 8,ko tsugu40 #cba4 ,a #g4 ,! game z publi%$ ends at ?is po9t1 b !re /ill rema9 moves to be made t are n /rictly 8,dame40 ,:ite mu/ kill ! ?ree black /ones at ,e #h1 ,f #h1 & ,g #h1 z t portion ( ! bo>d is n q dispos$ (1 & 8,seki0 might easily occur if ,:ite plays badly4 ,! game might cont9ue z foll[s3 ,,black ,,:ite #cbb4 ,f #a4 #cbc4 ,g #ac4 #cbd4 ,e #i4 #cbe4 ,h #ac4 #cbf4 ,h #aj4 ,:ite mu/ connect4 #cbg4 ,a #h4 #cbh4 ,f #i4 #cbi4 ,d #aj4 #ccj4 ,g #i4 ,:ite mu/ take ! ?ree /ones4 #cca4 ,d #a4 ,/opp+ ,:ite's #ccb4 ,t #af4 8,tsugu40 advance4 ,! foll[+ moves are /rictly 8,dame03 ,f #ad1 ,h #ah1 ,m #h1 ,o #ae1 ,t #ad4 ,ei!r side c fill ^! 8,me40 ,! foll[+ /ones are dead & c n[ be remov$3 ,:ite4--,k #h1 ,l #ag1 ,t #c1 ,t #d4 ,black4--,n #ab1 ,n #ac1 ,o #ac1 ,s #ah4 ,:ite w9s by f\r /ones4 ,aft] ! dead /ones are us$ to fill up ! vacant spaces1 & ! bo>d is re>rang$1 x w be f\nd t ,:ite has f\rte5 8,me0 & ,black t5 8,me40 ,m ?an ! usual numb] ( moves 7 made 9 ?is game4 ,,iv ,plate #af ,:ite4--,hirose ,heijiro1 fif? degree4 ,black4--,nagano ,keijiro1 f\r? degree4 ,black has a h&icap ( two /ones4 7,d #d & ,q #af47 ,play$ ,m>*1 #aijg1 9 ,tokio4 ,bo? play]s 7 ( ! ,hoy5%a ,s*ool4 ,:5 ?is game 0 publi%$1 x 0 annotat$ by ,mr4 ,iwasaki ,k5zo1 & ,i h translat$ 8 annotations2 ^! are indicat$ by ! initials 8,i4 ,k40 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #d4 #b4 ,c #af4 #c4 ,e #ag4 #d4 ,d #ae4 #e4 ,c #aa4 ,to prev5t ,black #f4 ,c #g4 ,p #c w\ld h be5 =m+ t]ritory on ! bett]4 7,iwasaki ,k5zo47 left side4 #g4 ,o #c4 #h4 ,r #aj4 ,?is move is call$ 8,moku ,%ita40 ,x is "o ( ,murase ,%uho's inv5tions4 #i4 ,r #ad4 ,:ite breaks into #aj4 ,r #f4 ,black's t]ritory at once4 #aa4 ,o #ag4 #ab4 ,o #af4 ,^! moves w be f\nd 9 ! *apt] on 8,joseki40 #ac4 ,n #af4 #ad4 ,o #ae4 #ae4 ,p #ag4 #af4 ,q #ag4 #ag4 ,q #ac4 ,:ite mu/ look out #ah4 ,r #ae4 ,?is move secures = ! /one at ,r #ad4 ! corn]1 & at ! same "t protects ! connection ( ,black's /ones on l9es ,o & ,q4 8,ikkyo ryo toku40 #ai4 ,o #ac4 #bj4 ,n #ad4 #ba4 ,l #ag4 ,replies to ,black's #bb4 ,q #ad4 la/ move4 #bc4 ,s #ad4 #bd4 ,f #af4 #be4 ,g #ag4 #bf4 ,s #ae4 ,secures ! corn]4 #bg4 ,p #aj4 #bh4 ,q #h4 ,p #f w\ld h be5 bett]4 7,i4 ,k47 #bi4 ,c #ad4 #cj4 ,d #ad4 #ca4 ,c #ac4 #cb4 ,d #ab4 ,n ! be/ move4 ,m #c w\ld h be5 bett]4 7,i4 ,k47 #cc4 ,d #aa4 #cd4 ,e #ab4 #ce4 ,e #aa4 #cf4 ,f #aa4 #cg4 ,f #ab4 ,:ite cuts (f4 ,?is #ch4 ,f #ac4 ,g #ad w\ld h be5 is an aggressive move4 bett]4 7,i4 ,k47 #ci4 ,g #ab4 #dj4 ,f #aj4 #da4 ,g #ac4 #db4 ,f #ad4 #dc4 ,d #h4 ,:ite provides an #dd4 ,h #ae4 ,h #ad 0 bett]1 z escape = /ones on l9e ,:ite d>e n cut (f at #aa4 ,g #ad4 7,i4 ,k47 #de4 ,h #aj4 #df4 ,f #h4 #dg4 ,d #g4 #dh4 ,c #f4 #di4 ,d #f4 #ej4 ,d #e4 #ea4 ,f #f4 #eb4 ,h #i4 ,black mu/ provide an exit = 8 /ones on l9e ,e4 #ec4 ,j #aj4 ,:ite _c risk #ed4 ,h #h4 jump+ f>!r4 #ee4 ,h #ag4 ,n good4 ,k #h w\ld #ef4 ,k #h4 ,black promptly h be5 bett]4 7,i4 ,k47 escapes4 #eg4 ,c #h4 ,good1 b n ! #eh4 ,l #aj4 ,black comm5ces an be/4 ,m #ab w\ld h attack on ,:ite's five help$ ! :ite /ones /ones4 ne> ! c5t]4 #ei4 ,j #ad4 ,:ite retreats4 #fj4 ,j #ae4 #fa4 ,l #ad4 #fb4 ,l #ae4 #fc4 ,l #ab4 #fd4 ,j #ab4 ,?is is a 8,sute i%i10 b x greatly aids ,black's attack4 #fe4 ,k #ab4 ,n a good move4 ,by #ff4 ,k #ae4 reason ( ?is ,black's sixty-eigh? move is made possible4 7,i4 ,k47 #fg4 ,j #ac4 ,ano!r move :i* #fh4 ,k #ag4 ,attacks ,:ite's arre/s ! developm5t ( /ones at ! top ( ! ! game4 7,i4 ,k47 bo>d4 #fi4 ,k #ah4 #gj4 ,l #ah4 #ga4 ,j #ag4 #gb4 ,m #ag4 #gc4 ,k #af4 ,takes4 #gd4 ,l #af4 ,black's attack on ! upp] "r-h& corn] is n[ well develop$4 #ge4 ,p #h4 ,:ite ab&ons ! #gf4 ,p #g4 field & plays else:]e4 #gg4 ,o #h4 #gh4 ,h #e4 #gi4 ,f #d4 #hj4 ,h #c4 #ha4 ,f #b4 #hb4 ,d #b4 #hc4 ,f #g4 ,:ite p]fects 8 #hd4 ,m #c4 connection4 #he4 ,q #i4 #hf4 ,r #i4 #hg4 ,q #g4 #hh4 ,r #h4 #hi4 ,p #f4 #ij4 ,m #e4 ,black enl>ges 8 t]ritory at ! bottom ( ! bo>d4 #ia4 ,o #g4 ,takes4 #ib4 ,s #e4 ,=m+ 8,me0 = ! side gr\p4 #ic4 ,c #ah4 ,/rong] ?an ,c #ag4 #id4 ,k #ag4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #ie4 ,s #d4 #if4 ,r #ab4 #ig4 ,p #ad4 #ih4 ,q #ae4 #ii4 ,r #ac4 #ajj4 ,t #d4 #aja4 ,l #ag4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #ajb4 ,m #ah4 #ajc4 ,k #c4 ,invad+ ,black's #ajd4 ,l #d4 t]ritory4 ,:ite c connect on ei!r side4 #aje4 ,h #b4 #ajf4 ,g #c4 #ajg4 ,j #c4 #ajh4 ,j #d4 #aji4 ,g #b4 #aaj4 ,m #g4 #aaa4 ,e #b4 #aab4 ,c #c4 ,if ,black plays at ,d #c1 ,:ite c\ld reply at ,d #a ) ! 8,s5te40 #aac4 ,l #h4 ,?reat5+ ,black's #aad4 ,k #i4 t]ritory4 ,if ,black def5ds1 ,:ite c connect some:]e4 #aae4 ,j #f4 #aaf4 ,h #f4 #aag4 ,l #f4 ,:ite's attack on #aah4 ,l #g4 ?is t]ritory is v f9e4 #aai4 ,k #d4 #abj4 ,k #e4 #aba4 ,j #e4 #abb4 ,k #f4 #abc4 ,h #d4 ,takes4 #abd4 ,s #c4 #abe4 ,r #c4 #abf4 ,s #b4 #abg4 ,j #g4 #abh4 ,m #i4 ,black _c neglect ?is--! :ole c5t] ( ! bo>d might be lo/4 #abi4 ,r #b4 #acj4 ,h #g4 #aca4 ,t #ae4 #acb4 ,s #ag4 ,bett] ?an ,t #af1 z x provides = 8,me0 9 ! corn]4 #acc4 ,s #ab4 #acd4 ,s #aa4 #ace4 ,l #ai4 #acf4 ,k #ag4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #acg4 ,n #i4 #ach4 ,n #h4 #aci4 ,l #ag4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #adj4 ,m #af4 #ada4 ,n #g4 #adb4 ,m #h4 #adc4 ,b #ag4 #add4 ,b #af4 #ade4 ,b #h4 #adf4 ,m #ab4 ,?reat5+ to surr\nd ! t5 :ite /ones 9 ! c5t]4 #adg4 ,e #i4 #adh4 ,f #i4 #adi4 ,k #ad4 ,=m+ 8,me0 = #aej4 ,g #aa4 gr\p 9 c5t]4 #aea4 ,h #aa4 #aeb4 ,h #ad4 #aec4 ,m #aa4 #aed4 ,h #ac4 #aee4 ,h #ab4 #aef4 ,m #ac4 #aeg4 ,l #aa4 #aeh4 ,s #a4 ,?is move is wor? five or six po9ts4 #aei4 ,b #f4 ,b #e might h be5 #afj4 ,b #e4 m aggressive4 #afa4 ,b #g4 #afb4 ,c #e4 #afc4 ,n #e4 #afd4 ,n #f4 #afe4 ,n #d4 #aff4 ,l #b4 #afg4 ,n #b4 #afh4 ,m #b4 ,o!rwise ,:ite w\ld play at ,l #c4 #afi4 ,g #e4 #agj4 ,a #ac4 ,?is /one is connect$ ) /one at ,b #af4 ,?is move (t5 occurs4 #aga4 ,b #ab4 #agb4 ,d #ag4 #agc4 ,e #ah4 #agd4 ,q #ab4 #age4 ,p #ab4 #agf4 ,t #af4 #agg4 ,e #af4 #agh4 ,e #ae4 #agi4 ,r #e4 #ahj4 ,s #g4 #aha4 ,r #a4 #ahb4 ,q #f4 #ahc4 ,q #e4 ,?is "p ( ! #ahd4 ,m #ai4 bo>d is n[ complet$4 #ahe4 ,a #e4 #ahf4 ,a #d4 #ahg4 ,a #f4 #ahh4 ,b #d4 #ahi4 ,m #d4 #aij4 ,l #c4 #aia4 ,k #b4 #aib4 ,k #ai4 ,takes4 #aic4 ,j #ai4 #aid4 ,k #ag4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #aie4 ,l #ai4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #aif4 ,f #ag4 #aig4 ,f #ah4 #aih4 ,d #ah4 #aii4 ,c #ag4 #bjj4 ,d #af4 #bja4 ,d #ai4 8,wat>i40 #bjb4 ,e #aj4 #bjc4 ,d #aj4 #bjd4 ,e #h4 #bje4 ,m #aj4 #bjf4 ,q #aj4 #bjg4 ,k #aj4 #bjh4 ,l #i4 ,takes4 #bji4 ,p #i4 #baj4 ,l #ac4 #baa4 ,k #ac4 #bab4 ,n #ab4 #bac4 ,m #ad4 #bad4 ,n #ac4 #bae4 ,n #aa4 #baf4 ,o #ab4 #bag4 ,o #aa4 #bah4 ,o #ad4 #bai4 ,p #ac4 #bbj4 ,d #i4 ,takes4 #bba4 ,c #i4 #bbb4 ,q #aa4 #bbc4 ,p #aa4 #bbd4 ,j #af4 ,takes4 #bbe4 ,g #af4 #bbf4 ,f #ae4 #bbg4 ,n #c4 #bbh4 ,m #f4 #bbi4 ,t #ad4 #bcj4 ,t #ab4 #bca4 ,t #ac4 #bcb4 ,s #ac4 ,takes4 #bcc4 ,p #ae4 #bcd4 ,p #af4 #bce4 ,s #ab4 ,takes 9 8,ko40 #bcf4 ,t #aa4 #bcg4 ,e #c4 #bch4 ,o #f4 #bci4 ,o #e4 #bdj4 ,a #ag4 #bda4 ,a #ah4 #bdb4 ,a #af4 #bdc4 ,a #ab4 #bdd4 ,b #ad4 #bde4 ,b #ac4 #bdf4 ,a #ad4 #bdg4 ,d #c4 #bdh4 ,c #b4 #bdi4 ,m #ae4 #bej4 ,n #ae4 ,black w9s1 ! report says1 by 8,i*i ban10 :i* means any?+ up to t5 8,me40 ,accord+ to my cont9uation1 ,black won by sev5 8,me40 ,v ,plate #ag ,?is is a game betwe5 a ,japanese play] & a beg9n]4 ,x is ins]t$ solely to %[ ! "* ( ! mi/akes :i* beg9n]s are likely to make4 ,su* errors nev] occur 9 games betwe5 good play]s1 & !re=e ?is game may be m useful to a novice ?an ! games conte/$ betwe5 play]s ( great] skill4 ,play$ ,may #g1 #aijg4 ,black has a h&icap ( five /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #ad4 #b4 ,e #c4 ,bad2 too close to ! h&icap /one4 ,besides x is bett] to respond to ,:ite's attack 9 ! same "p ( ! bo>d4 #c4 ,o #c4 #d4 ,c #ae4 ,?is w\ld be too cons]vative if ! play]s 7 any?+ l equal4 #e4 ,r #ad4 #f4 ,d #f4 ,mu* bett] to play 9 "o ( ! "r-h& corn]s4 ,c #f w\ld be bett] also4 #g4 ,f #ag4 #h4 ,p #c4 ,o #d is mu* bett]4 #i4 ,r #f4 #aj4 ,q #ad4 #aa4 ,s #af4 ,?is w\ld n be #ab4 ,o #d4 ,black %\ld reply to play$ aga9/ a good ,:ite's la/ move4 play]4 #ac4 ,n #c4 #ad4 ,d #h4 ,unnecess>y2 mu* bett] to play 9 "o ( ! ?reat5$ corn]s4 #ae4 ,c #c4 #af4 ,c #d4 ,b #d w\ld be bett]4 #ag4 ,b #c4 #ah4 ,d #b4 #ai4 ,d #c4 #bj4 ,e #b4 #ba4 ,b #e4 #bb4 ,b #d4 #bc4 ,a #d4 #bd4 ,c #b4 #be4 ,b #h4 #bf4 ,d #e4 ,ov] cauti\s4 #bg4 ,c #g4 #bh4 ,d #g4 ,unnecess>y2 ,black c\ld ga9 a decisive advantage at ,b #f4 #bi4 ,b #f4 #cj4 ,c #h4 ,too ne> ! ,:ite l9e1 a common mi/ake ( beg9n]s4 #ca4 ,b #i4 #cb4 ,b #b4 #cc4 ,a #c4 #cd4 ,c #i4 ,too ne>2 ,black c jump "o or two spaces ) mu* bett] effect4 #ce4 ,c #aj4 #cf4 ,d #aj4 #cg4 ,c #aa4 #ch4 ,d #ad4 #ci4 ,c #ac4 #dj4 ,d #ab4 ,at ?is po9t ,black's position is good en\gh1 z 8 l9e on ,d is v /rong4 #da4 ,c #ag4 #db4 ,b #ad4 #dc4 ,b #ac4 #dd4 ,c #ab4 ,black ga9s v little by ?is4 #de4 ,b #ab4 #df4 ,b #ae4 #dg4 ,d #ag4 #dh4 ,b #af4 ,v bad2 ,black has ! :ole bo>d to ga9 gr\nd 9 else:]e4 #di4 ,e #af4 #ej4 ,d #ae4 ,if ,black feels he mu/ play "h1 ,d #ac is bett]4 #ea4 ,d #ac4 #eb4 ,e #ac4 #ec4 ,e #ab4 #ed4 ,d #aa4 #ee4 ,f #ac4 #ef4 ,e #ad4 #eg4 ,g #ab4 #eh4 ,e #aa4 #ei4 ,f #ab4 #fj4 ,f #aa4 ,if ,black hopes to save 8 gr\p 9 ! upp] left-h& corn]1 he mu/ escape t[>d ! c5t] at ?is po9t4 #fa4 ,f #ad4 ,black's gr\p is n[ #fb4 ,a #ad4 ,black _c hopeless4 possibly =m 8,me02 ?is move is m]ely wa/$4 #fc4 ,j #c4 #fd4 ,e #i4 ,too cauti\s4 #fe4 ,g #c4 #ff4 ,h #aa4 #fg4 ,g #aa4 #fh4 ,f #aj4 ,black =ms 8,me0 9 ?is gr\p long be=e x is ?reat5$1 :ile he might ga9 gr\nd else:]e4 #fi4 ,g #aj4 #gj4 ,a #af4 ,ano!r lo/ move4 #ga4 ,f #d4 #gb4 ,e #d4 #gc4 ,g #h4 #gd4 ,g #i4 #ge4 ,h #i4 #gf4 ,f #i4 #gg4 ,h #aj4 #gh4 ,f #h4 #gi4 ,g #g4 #hj4 ,f #f4 #ha4 ,g #f4 #hb4 ,g #e4 ,%\ld h be5 play$ at ,f #e4 #hc4 ,f #e4 #hd4 ,j #aj4 ,black %\ld play ne>] ! edge ( ! bo>d4 ,j #aj is radically wrong4 #he4 ,k #h4 #hf4 ,h #ac4 ,black tries to =m a liv+ gr\p 9 ! c5t] )\t support2 ?is c seldom be done4 #hg4 ,h #ab4 #hh4 ,j #aa4 #hi4 ,j #ac4 #ij4 ,h #h4 #ia4 ,j #h4 #ib4 ,h #g4 ,^! /ones are hopeless f ! />t4 ,black %\ld play 9 ! "r-h& corn]s4 #ic4 ,h #f4 #id4 ,j #g4 #ie4 ,l #g4 #if4 ,j #f4 #ig4 ,h #e4 #ih4 ,j #e4 #ii4 ,g #d4 ,takes4 #ajj4 ,j #i4 #aja4 ,m #f4 #ajb4 ,n #e4 ,m #e w\ld be mu* bett]4 #ajc4 ,m #e4 #ajd4 ,k #d4 ,black adds m /ones to 8 already hopeless gr\p4 ,?is is "o ( ! commone/ mi/akes4 #aje4 ,m #d4 #ajf4 ,j #ab4 ,black %\ld jump to ! "r1 say at ,m #aa4 #ajg4 ,k #ac4 #ajh4 ,g #ad4 ,f #ae might h help$ ,black4 #aji4 ,f #ae4 #aaj4 ,h #d4 #aaa4 ,j #d4 #aab4 ,f #g4 #aac4 ,h #c4 ,takes4 #aad4 ,e #f4 ,unnecess>y4 ,black %\ld play some:]e 9 ! unoccupi$ portion ( ! bo>d4 #aae4 ,m #ab4 #aaf4 ,a #ac4 ,:olly wa/$ unless ,black 7 an exp]t4 #aag4 ,b #aa4 #aah4 ,b #ag4 #aai4 ,b #ah4 #abj4 ,c #ah4 #aba4 ,d #ah4 #abb4 ,a #ah4 #abc4 ,c #ai4 ,takes4 #abd4 ,c #f4 #abe4 ,b #g4 #abf4 ,k #ab4 ,l all beg9n]s1 ,black keeps 8 /ones too close toge!r4 ,m #aj w\ld be bett]4 #abg4 ,l #ac4 #abh4 ,l #ab4 #abi4 ,m #aj4 #acj4 ,m #aa4 #aca4 ,n #aa4 #acb4 ,l #aa4 #acc4 ,n #ac4 #acd4 ,l #aj4 ,black aga9 adds /ones to a dead gr\p4 #ace4 ,m #i4 #acf4 ,l #h4 #acg4 ,m #h4 #ach4 ,l #i4 #aci4 ,k #g4 #adj4 ,o #f4 #ada4 ,p #e4 #adb4 ,o #b4 ,s #d w\ld h be5 mu* bett]4 #adc4 ,n #b4 #add4 ,n #a4 ,black ov]looks t he mu/ connect at ,p #b4 ,?is is a common error ( novices4 #ade4 ,p #b4 #adf4 ,j #ad4 #adg4 ,k #af4 #adh4 ,j #af4 #adi4 ,k #ag4 #aej4 ,k #ae4 ,black tries to =m ano!r liv+ gr\p4 ,8 only *ance 0 ne> ,q #ad-,q #af4 #aea4 ,l #ae4 #aeb4 ,l #ad4 #aec4 ,m #ad4 #aed4 ,k #ad4 #aee4 ,m #ac4 #aef4 ,m #ae4 #aeg4 ,l #af4 #aeh4 ,g #af4 ,black aga9 adds to a hopeless position4 #aei4 ,g #ag4 #afj4 ,h #ag4 #afa4 ,g #ae4 #afb4 ,h #ae4 ,black ?9ks he has ! necess>y 8,me40 ,two ( !m1 h[ev]1 are 8,kageme40 #afc4 ,h #ah4 #afd4 ,j #ah4 #afe4 ,j #ag4 #aff4 ,g #ah4 #afg4 ,h #af4 ,takes1 8,ko40 #afh4 ,a #b4 ,black plays ?is correctly4 #afi4 ,a #e4 #agj4 ,h #ag4 ,takes1 8,ko40 #aga4 ,h #ai4 #agb4 ,k #ah4 #agc4 ,h #af4 ,takes1 8,ko40 #agd4 ,l #ah4 #age4 ,h #ag4 8,ko tsugu40 #agf4 ,m #ag4 ,black has a *ance to make "s t]ritory 9 ?is "p ( ! bo>d4 #agg4 ,o #ag4 #agh4 ,n #af4 #agi4 ,q #ag4 #ahj4 ,o #ae4 #aha4 ,p #af4 #ahb4 ,q #ae4 #ahc4 ,p #ae4 #ahd4 ,r #ag4 #ahe4 ,r #af4 #ahf4 ,q #ah4 #ahg4 ,p #ag4 #ahh4 ,r #ae4 #ahi4 ,s #ag4 #aij4 ,r #ac4 #aia4 ,s #ad4 #aib4 ,p #ad4 #aic4 ,s #ae4 #aid4 ,o #ac4 ,black %\ld live1 al?\gh he has ga9$ little space4 #aie4 ,n #ad4 #aif4 ,p #ab4 ,black %\ld h occupi$ ,o #ad4 #aig4 ,o #ad4 ,black's gr\ps are #aih4 ,n #ah4 n[ sep>at$4 #aii4 ,o #ah4 #bjj4 ,p #ah4 #bja4 ,r #ah4 ,takes4 #bjb4 ,o #ab4 #bjc4 ,n #ab4 #bjd4 ,e #ae4 ,?is is pure wa/e4 #bje4 ,m #ai4 ,if ,black _h play$ #bjf4 ,e #ag4 "h 8 gr\p w\ld h liv$4 #bjg4 ,e #ah4 ,takes4 #bjh4 ,a #ab4 #bji4 ,a #aa4 #baj4 ,o #af4 ,too late2 ?is gr\p is hopeless n[4 #baa4 ,q #aa4 #bab4 ,q #ab4 #bac4 ,r #aa4 #bad4 ,o #aa4 #bae4 ,o #aj4 #baf4 ,q #b4 #bag4 ,o #a4 ,takes4 #bah4 ,m #a4 ,?is is nons5se2 ,black might /ill save ! corn] by correct play4 #bai4 ,p #d4 #bbj4 ,q #c4 #bba4 ,q #e4 #bbb4 ,m #b4 ,if ,black play$ at ,s #e he w\ld /ill h a *ance4 #bbc4 ,r #d4 #bbd4 ,o #e4 #bbe4 ,p #aj4 #bbf4 ,r #ab4 #bbg4 ,f #b4 #bbh4 ,f #a4 #bbi4 ,g #a4 #bcj4 ,e #a4 #bca4 ,f #c4 #bcb4 ,c #a4 ,black wa/es "o ( 8 few vacant spaces4 #bcc4 ,r #c4 #bcd4 ,n #ai4 ,:ite p]mits ,black to #bce4 ,l #ag4 play aga94 ,:ite p]mits ,black to #bcf4 ,j #ai4 play aga94 #bcg4 ,l #ai4 #bch4 ,m #ah4 ,:ite p]mits ,black to #bci4 ,p #ai4 play aga94 ,:ite p]mits ,black to #bdj4 ,n #ag4 play aga94 ,:ite p]mits ,black to #bda4 ,r #ai4 play aga94 #bdb4 ,s #ai4 #bdc4 ,o #ai4 #bdd4 ,r #ag4 8,dame0--,e #e & ,c #e4 ,:ite w9s by "o hundr$ & n9ety-sev5 spaces & eighty-eight /ones4 ,,vi ,plate #ah ,:ite4--,in\ye ,inseki4 ,black4--,yasui ,%9tetsu4 ,play$ ,decemb]1 #ahce4 ,no h&icaps 7 giv54 ,?is game is f a ,japanese "w call$ 8,ka*i ,sei ,kioku40 ,! notes are tak5 f ,kors*elt1 & z 9 ! previ\s in/ance involve ! repetition ( "s ?+s t h be5 t\*$ on 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s4 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,r #af4 #b4 ,d #ag4 #c4 ,q #c4 #d4 ,p #ag4 #e4 ,c #d4 #f4 ,c #ad4 ,j z good z ,d #ae1 :i* we already "k4 #g4 ,q #e4 ,?is may be ! be/ #h4 ,q #ad4 play "u ! circum/ances4 ,! secure position ,q #c-,q #e supports ! advance po/s at ,c #d & ,r #af 9 equal measure4 #i4 ,p #af4 #aj4 ,q #af4 #aa4 ,q #ae4 #ab4 ,q #ag4 #ac4 ,p #ae4 #ad4 ,r #ae4 #ae4 ,r #ad4 #af4 ,s #ae4 #ag4 ,q #ac4 #ah4 ,n #ag4 ,! eigh? /one play$ at ,q #ad _c be sav$4 ,if ,:ite attempts to save x1 ! foll[+ w\ld be ! cont9uation3 ,b4 ,w4 ,p #ad ,o #ad ,p #ac ,p #ab ,o #ac ,n #ac ,o #ab4 ,o #aa etc4 ,if ,:ite _h _h an opportunity ( plac+ a /one on ! l9e ( retreat at say ,e #c1 !n ,:ite c\ld h sav$ ,no4 #h4 7,?is has already be5 expla9$ 9 def9+ ! ,japanese expression 8,%i*o407 #ai4 ,p #ad4 ,takes4 ,s #ad probably #bj4 ,s #af4 w\ld h be5 bett]1 because x w\ld h reta9$ ! 8,s5te0 = ,black2 t is to say1 a play :i* ! oppon5t is compell$ to answ]1 or o!rwise su/a9 too great a loss4 ,_h ,black play$ at ,s #ad1 ,:ite mu/ h answ]$ at ,s #af1 9 ord] n to lose ! /ones at ,r #ae-,s #ae1 & also ! corn]1 :i* is wor? ab\t f\rte5 8,me40 ,to ,:ite's play at ,s #af ,black w\ld probably h answ]$ at ,r #ab & ?us obta9$ a secure position4 #ba4 ,r #i4 #bb4 ,e #c4 #bc4 ,j #c4 #bd4 ,d #e4 ,?is is analog\s to ,no4 #h1 b x is n advanc$ s f> because ,black has already occupi$ ,j #c4 #be4 ,c #e4 #bf4 ,d #f4 #bg4 ,c #f4 #bh4 ,d #g4 #bi4 ,c #g4 #cj4 ,d #h4 #ca4 ,c #i4 #cb4 ,l #c4 ,:ite has e/abli%$ ! long l9e on ,d & all[$ ,black a l>ge t]ritory 9 ord] to be able to occupy ,l #c4 ,if he _h play$ !re imm$iately 9 answ] to ,black's tw5ty-?ird move1 !n ei!r ,l #c or ,e #c w\ld h be5 9 great dang]4 #cc4 ,d #c4 #cd4 ,d #b4 #ce4 ,c #b4 #cf4 ,d #d4 #cg4 ,c #c4 #ch4 ,l #e4 #ci4 ,f #c4 #dj4 ,f #b4 #da4 ,e #d4 ,black compels ,:ite #db4 ,e #b4 to take #da1 9 ord] to make good 8 escape4 #dc4 ,g #c4 #dd4 ,f #d4 #de4 ,g #d4 #df4 ,f #e4 #dg4 ,g #e4 #dh4 ,k #b4 #di4 ,f #f4 8,s5te40 #ej4 ,e #e4 ,takes4 #ea4 ,j #b4 #eb4 ,h #g4 #ec4 ,h #f4 #ed4 ,g #g4 #ee4 ,j #g4 #ef4 ,p #c4 #eg4 ,p #d4 #eh4 ,o #c4 #ei4 ,q #b4 #fj4 ,o #d4 #fa4 ,o #e4 #fb4 ,n #e4 #fc4 ,o #f4 #fd4 ,k #g4 ,an int]e/+ attack t det]m9es ! c\rse ( ! game = a long "t4 #fe1 ,j #h1 w\ld mean ab&on+ ! position on ,g-,j 7#bf 8,me071 b x w\ld give an opportunity = a bold attack4 ,if ,black play$ #fe1 ,j #f1 8 /ones w\ld sc>cely survive4 #fe4 ,k #c4 8,s5te40 ,:ite mu/ #ff4 ,l #b4 reply to x1 or he w\ld f9d himself )\t ! necess>y 8,me0 9 t gr\p4 #fg4 ,k #f4 #fh4 ,j #h4 #fi4 ,l #f4 #gj4 ,j #f4 ,takes4 #ga4 ,k #e4 ,avoids 8,ko0 & #gb4 ,n #f4 nev]!less assures a connection4 #gc4 ,l #g4 #gd4 ,k #d4 ,is play$ = ! same reason z ,no4 #ff4 #ge4 ,j #e4 #gf4 ,n #g4 #gg4 ,k #h4 #gh4 ,j #g4 #gi4 ,o #g4 #hj4 ,n #h4 #ha4 ,l #i4 #hb4 ,j #aj4 #hc4 ,o #h4 #hd4 ,n #aj4 #he4 ,k #aa4 #hf4 ,r #aj4 ,n[ ! effect ( ! mi/ake at move #ai beg9s to be app>5t4 #hg4 ,q #aj4 #hh4 ,q #aa4 #hi4 ,r #aa4 #ij4 ,r #ab4 #ia4 ,s #aj4 ,takes4 #ib4 ,s #aa4 #ic4 ,r #aj4 ,q #ab w\ld probably #id4 ,m #aa4 ,?is move sep>ates h be5 bett]2 at all ,p #ad f ,k #aa1 & is at ev5ts x w\ld h be5 ! same "t 8,s5te0 z sur]1 because x assures reg>ds ! black /ones ! connection by way ( ,p ne> ,k1 because if ,black #aa aft] ,:ite has tak54 does n answ]1 ^! ,if ,:ite does n take1 /ones w\ld be cut (f by b plays at ,p #aa1 8 ,w-,k #aj4 ,moves ,nos4 #ih1 /ones on ! edge ( ! #ajj1 & #ajb isolate ! bo>d w die4 black /ones 9 ! neighborhood ( ,p #ad4 #ie4 ,l #aa4 #if4 ,q #ab4 #ig4 ,l #ad4 #ih4 ,l #ac4 #ii4 ,k #ac4 #ajj4 ,m #ac4 #aja4 ,k #ad4 #ajb4 ,m #ad4 #ajc4 ,s #ad4 #ajd4 ,s #ac4 #aje4 ,t #ae4 #ajf4 ,n #ae4 #ajg4 ,o #aa4 ,x is c]ta9 t #ajh4 ,o #ab4 ei!r ! eight black /ones or ! five :ite /ones mu/ die1 & on ?is dep5ds ! result ( ! game1 because x w\ld make a diff]5ce ( ab\t #dj 8,me40 #aji4 ,p #ab4 #aaj4 ,p #aa4 #aaa4 ,o #ac4 #aab4 ,n #ab4 #aac4 ,o #aj4 #aad4 ,p #ac4 ,takes1 8,ko40 #aae4 ,m #af4 #aaf4 ,t #af4 #aag4 ,t #ad4 #aah4 ,o #af4 #aai4 ,p #ab4 8,ko40 #abj4 ,j #ab4 #aba4 ,k #ab4 #abb4 ,p #ac4 8,ko40 #abc4 ,r #ag4 #abd4 ,s #ag4 #abe4 ,p #ab4 8,ko40 #abf4 ,r #ac4 #abg4 ,p #aj4 #abh4 ,p #ac4 8,ko40 #abi4 ,d #af4 #acj4 ,c #af4 #aca4 ,p #ab4 8,ko40 #acb4 ,t #ac4 #acc4 ,q #ad4 ,connect+4 #acd4 ,p #ac4 8,ko40 #ace4 ,s #ah4 #acf4 ,r #ah4 ,takes4 #acg4 ,p #ab4 8,ko40 #ach4 ,k #i4 #aci4 ,l #h4 #adj4 ,p #ac4 8,ko40 #ada4 ,e #ag4 #adb4 ,p #ab4 ,connect+4 ,:ite w\ld h _h ano!r 8,ko0 at ,m #aj4 #adc4 ,c #ag4 #add4 ,d #ah4 #ade4 ,c #ae4 #adf4 ,b #af4 #adg4 ,e #ah4 #adh4 ,c #ah4 #adi4 ,b #ae4 #aej4 ,d #ae4 #aea4 ,e #af4 #aeb4 ,b #ag4 ,takes4 ,! s]ies ( moves f #adc to #aeb %\ld be c>efully not$1 z !y frequ5tly occur4 #aec4 ,b #ad4 #aed4 ,c #ac4 #aee4 ,b #ac4 #aef4 ,c #ab4 #aeg4 ,b #ab4 #aeh4 ,c #aa4 #aei4 ,f #ad4 8,s5te40 #afj4 ,d #ad4 #afa4 ,b #aa4 #afb4 ,c #aj4 #afc4 ,b #i4 ,is n play$ at ,b #aj #afd4 ,d #i4 ,x w\ld h be5 9 ord] to reta9 ! bett] to play at ,k #ag4 8,s5te0 )\t conc$+ too great an advantage4 #afe4 ,k #ag4 #aff4 ,h #ad4 #afg4 ,g #ac4 #afh4 ,h #ac4 #afi4 ,g #aa4 #agj4 ,g #ad4 #aga4 ,f #ae4 #agb4 ,j #aa4 #agc4 ,e #aa4 #agd4 ,f #ab4 #age4 ,g #ab4 #agf4 ,e #ab4 #agg4 ,f #aa4 #agh4 ,e #aj4 #agi4 ,d #aa4 #ahj4 ,d #aj4 #aha4 ,d #ab4 #ahb4 ,h #af4 #ahc4 ,h #ag4 #ahd4 ,g #ag4 #ahe4 ,j #ag4 #ahf4 ,e #ac4 #ahg4 ,f #ac4 #ahh4 ,g #af4 #ahi4 ,g #ah4 #aij4 ,g #f4 #aia4 ,m #ag4 #aib4 ,p #b4 #aic4 ,p #a4 #aid4 ,o #a4 #aie4 ,q #a4 #aif4 ,l #d4 #aig4 ,n #ah4 #aih4 ,g #b4 8,s5te40 ,x ?reat5s ! ?ree black /ones on ,j & ,k4 #aii4 ,h #e4 #bjj4 ,o #ah4 #bja4 ,m #ah4 #bjb4 ,b #aj4 #bjc4 ,a #aj4 #bjd4 ,c #a4 #bje4 ,b #a4 #bjf4 ,d #a4 #bjg4 ,b #b4 #bjh4 ,f #aj4 ,c #h ought to h be5 occupi$ fir/4 #bji4 ,g #aj4 #baj4 ,g #i4 #baa4 ,t #aa4 #bab4 ,t #ab4 #bac4 ,s #ab4 ,takes4 #bad4 ,c #h4 #bae4 ,b #h4 #baf4 ,s #aa4 8,ko40 #bag4 ,t #aj4 #bah4 ,e #ai4 #bai4 ,f #ai4 #bbj4 ,f #ag4 #bba4 ,f #ah4 #bbb4 ,m #ae4 #bbc4 ,l #ae4 #bbd4 ,j #ae4 #bbe4 ,n #af4 #bbf4 ,o #ag4 #bbg4 ,h #aj4 #bbh4 ,h #i4 #bbi4 ,k #aj4 #bcj4 ,j #i4 #bca4 ,m #f4 #bcb4 ,o #i4 #bcc4 ,p #i4 #bcd4 ,n #i4 #bce4 ,m #e4 #bcf4 ,m #d4 #bcg4 ,o #ai4 #bch4 ,p #ai4 #bci4 ,n #ai4 #bdj4 ,a #ae4 #bda4 ,a #ad4 #bdb4 ,a #af4 #bdc4 ,h #b4 #bdd4 ,j #d4 #bde4 ,l #ab4 #bdf4 ,m #ab4 #bdg4 ,g #a4 #bdh4 ,f #a4 #bdi4 ,h #a4 #bej4 ,k #af4 #bea4 ,l #af4 #beb4 ,k #a4 #bec4 ,s #ab4 8,ko40 #bed4 ,c #ai4 #bee4 ,s #aa4 ,connect+4 #bef4 ,d #ai4 ,:ite w9s by sev5 /ones4 ,,vi 8,,joseki0 ,,& ,,op5+s ,f ! e>lie/ times ! ,japanese h /udi$ ! op5+ ( ! game4 ,especially s9ce ! f\ndation ( ! ,g ,academy !re h be5 sy/ematic treatises on ?is subject1 & = ke5 & ?or\gh analysis1 ^! treatises h no?+ to fe> f a comp>ison ) ! analog\s works on ,*ess op5+s4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a diff]5ce betwe5 ! op5+ ( ! game 9 ,*ess & ! op5+ 9 ,g1 because 9 ! latt] case ! play c comm5ce 9 ea* ( ! f\r corn]s successively1 & !re=e1 in/ead ( hav+ "o op5+1 x might be said t !re are f\r4 ,! ,japanese ma/]s usually ov]come ?is difficulty by treat+ a corn] sep>ately1 z if x 7 un9flu5c$ by ! position or ! possibility ( play+ 9 ! adjac5t corn]s1 & 9 _! treatises !y h indicat$ :]e ! fir/ /ones 9 su* an isolat$ corn] c advantage\sly be play$4 ,^! /ones are call$ 8,joseki40 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ^! sep>ate analyses or 8,joseki0 diff] slightly f ! op5+ ( ! game z actually play$1 because x is cu/om>y 9 op5+ ! game to skip f "o corn] to ano!r1 & ! mom5t a few /ones are play$ 9 any corn] ! situation 9 ! adjac5t corn]s is !reby influ5c$4 ,x is due to ?is fact also t 9 _! treatises on ! 8,joseki0 ! ,japanese writ]s d n cont9ue ! analysis z f> z we are accu/om$ to 9 our works on ,*ess4 ,:ile ?is me?od ( /udy+ ! op5+s p]si/s to ! pres5t "t1 "o ( ! greate/ ( ! ,japanese ma/]s1 ,murase ,%uho1 compil$ a s]ies ( op5+s :i* correspond m closely to our ,*ess op5+s2 t is to say1 ! game is comm5c$1 z 9 actual play1 all ov] ! bo>d1 & is n conf9$ to ! /udy ( "o corn] z 9 ! case ( ! conv5tional 8,joseki40 ,kors*elt1 9 8 "w on ! game1 ins]ts ab\t fifty ( ^! op5+s by ,murase ,%uho1 ) notes t 7 prep>$ by ! ,japanese ma/] especially = ! use ( =eign]s1 & ,i h select$ a few ( ^! 9 addition to ! collection ( 8,joseki0 :i* we w fir/ consid]4 ,! "w f :i* my 8,joseki0 h be5 select$ 0 compil$ by ,in\ye ,ho%91 & publi%$ 9 ,novemb]1 #aije4 ,x 0 orig9ally writt5 = ! 8,nippon ,%imbun10 a newspap] publi%$ 9 ,tokio4 ,( c\rse1 ! annotations accompany+ ^! 8,joseki0 are n ! orig9al ones f ! ,japanese text4 ,_m ( ! ?+s :i* ,i po9t out w\ld be reg>d$ z trite & obvi\s to a good play]1 & my annotations are int5d$ solely to aid beg9n]s 9 und]/&+ "s ( ! reasons = ! moves giv54 ,x mu/ also be und]/ood t ! s]ies ( 8,joseki0 :i* ,i h ins]t$ falls f> %ort ( complet5ess4 ,9 a ,japanese "w on ! game !re w\ld be at lea/ five times z _m4 ,al?\gh ! 8,joseki0 h be5 /udi$ by ! ,japanese ma/]s f ! e>lie/ times1 x does n mean t ! ord9>y play] 9 ,japan is famili> ) !m2 j z 9 ?is c\ntry we f9d a majority ( ,*ess play]s h a v limit$ acqua9tance ) ! ,*ess op5+s1 s 9 ,japan _m play]s atta9 a fair degree ( skill )\t a ?or\gh acqua9tance ) ! 8,joseki40 ,x w\ld c]ta9ly v greatly aid ! beg9n] 9 atta9+ pr(ici5cy if he 7 to /udy ^! examples1 & foll[ !m z ne>ly z possible 9 actual play4 ,x w\ld seem to u t 9 compil+ a "w on 8,joseki10 or op5+s1 we w\ld comm5ce ) ! op5+s :]e no h&icap is giv51 & lat] /udy ^? :]e !re 7 h&icaps2 x is ano!r in/ance ( ! div]g5t way 9 :i* ! ,japanese d ?+s t !y d j ! opposite1 & comm5ce _! treatises ) ! /udy ( op5+s :]e h&icaps are giv54 ,inasmu* z ?is is a book on a ,japanese subject1 ,i %all foll[ _! example & %all comm5ce ! /udy ( 8,joseki0 9 games :]e ,black has a h&icap4 ,z we h already se51 ! h&icap /one is always plac$ on a c]ta9 fix$ po9t1 :i* is ! f\r? int]section f ! edge ( ! bo>d 9 ea* direction1 & ,:ite has five recogniz$ me?ods ( play+ 8 fir/ /one 9 relation to su* h&icap /one4 ,^! are call$ 8,kogeima kak>i10 8,ogeima kak>i10 8,daidaigeima kak>i10 8,ikk5 taka kak>i10 8,nikk5 taka kak>i40 ,we %all take up examples ( ^! 9 _! ord]4 ,i ,h&icap ,plate #ai 7,a7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 8,kogeima kak>i40 #b4 ,n #ag4 ,?is move supports ,?is is ! mo/ usual ! h&icap /one & move = attack+ ! also ga9s z mu* gr\nd corn]4 ,! purpose ( z possible = ,black4 ,:ite's fir/ move is to ,beg9n]s w\ld g5]ally lay a basis = future f9d ,o #ag m safe & aggression2 he _c1 ( cons]vative4 c\rse1 play 9 ! corn] imm$iately1 nei!r c he play ne>] ! black /one ) advantage4 #c4 ,r #ag4 ,?is is a direct #d4 ,r #af4 ,black plays to attack on ! corn]4 prev5t ! connection ( ,:ite c ei!r connect ! :ite /ones4 ) 8 fir/ /one or =m a liv+ gr\p 9 ! corn]4 #e4 ,s #af4 ,:ite ?reat5s to #f4 ,s #ae4 ,black breaks ! connect4 connection by ?is move4 #g4 ,s #ag4 ,:ite _c play at #h4 ,r #ae4 ,black also mu/ ,r #ae at ?is "t because connect4 ,beg9n]s are he w\ld lose ! /one at prone to neglect ^! ,s #af4 necess>y connect+ moves4 #i4 ,p #ah4 ,s9ce ,:ite _c #aj4 ,p #ag4 ,black plays to connect1 he mu/ play to connect 8 /ones1 & at =m two 8,me0 9 ! ! same "t conf9es corn]4 ,:ite to ! corn]4 #aa4 ,q4#ag4 ,:ite makes 8 #ab4 ,o #ag4 ,black mu/ connect corn] z l>ge z to prev5t ,:ite's escape4 possible4 ,?is move is also 8,s5te10 because x ?reat5s to break ?r\gh ,black's l9e4 #ac4 ,s #ad4 ,:ite ?reat5s #ad4 ,t #ad4 ,prev5ts 8,wat>i40 8,wat>i10 & aga9 ,black mu/ reply at once4 78,s5te407 #ae4 ,q #ad4 ,to conf9e ,black's #af4 ,p #ae4 ,an important gr\p & prep>e = def5sive move4 ,o!rwise t]ritory on ! "r ,:ite c\ld almo/ envelop side ( ! bo>d4 ! black /ones4 ,ev5 game4 ,:ite has a small t]ritory 9 ! corn]1 b ,black has great] possibility ( expansion4 ,,ii ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 #b4 ,n #ag4 #c4 ,r #ag4 #d4 ,r #af4 #e4 ,q #ag4 ,9 place ( try+ #f4 ,p #af4 ,black prev5ts ,:ite to connect z be=e1 f gett+ out4 ,:ite ?reat5s to ext5d 9 ! o!r direction4 #g4 ,s #af4 ,?reat5s to connect #h4 ,s #ae4 ,black /ops x aga94 aga94 #i4 ,s #ag4 #aj4 ,r #ae4 #aa4 ,o #ah4 ,:ite aga9 mu/ #ab4 ,o #ag4 =m 8,me0 9 ! corn]4 #ac4 ,n #ah4 ,:ite ext5ds z f> #ad4 ,m #ah4 ,black /ops ! z possible4 advance4 #ae4 ,p #ag4 ,:ite mu/ look out #af4 ,m #ag4 ,black mu/ connect4 = ! safety ( ! /ones at ,n & ,o #ah4 #ag4 ,p #ad4 ,to prev5t ,black's #ah4 ,o #ad4 ,black ext5ds z f> ext5sion & =m a basis z he c4 = t]ritory on "r side4 #ai4 ,o #ac4 #bj4 ,n #ad4 ,aga9 ,:ite has ! corn] & ,black has bett] opportunities = expansion4 ,,iii ,h&icap ,plate #ai 7,b7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,o #c4 #b4 ,r #g4 #c4 ,q #c4 ,?is v>iation is #d4 ,r #c4 call$ 8,kiri ,kae%i40 ,?is move does n attack ! corn] s aggressively z ! prec$+ examples4 #e4 ,r #d4 ,?is is ! #f4 ,q #e4 ,?is is an important *>act]i/ic move ( move = ,black2 if he ?is v>iation4 plays else:]e1 he w get a bad position4 #g4 ,r #b4 ,:ite ?reat5s ! #h4 ,s #c4 black /one4 ,if ,black def5ds ,:ite c divide ! corn]4 #i4 ,p #b4 8,kake tsugu40 ,if #aj4 ,s #b4 ,=m]ly ,s #d 0 ,:ite does n make ?is giv5 z ,black's move1 b move1 ,black w get ! x is n s good1 because 8,s5te0 ) a sup]ior ,:ite replies at ,r #h ) position4 a f9e attack4 #aa4 ,s #a4 ,:ite _c neglect #ab4 ,r #e4 ?is move4 ,if ,black 7 all[$ to play at ,r #a1 he w\ld get ! bett] game4 ,9 ?is op5+ ! corn] is ab\t ev5ly divid$4 ,,iv ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 #b4 ,n #ag4 #c4 ,p #ad4 ,prep>+ = 8,kiri #d4 ,r #aa4 ,call$ 8,t5uki40 ,n ,kae%i0 on ! o!r side necess>ily play$ at ,r ( h&icap /one4 #aa4 ,! ^w means t ,black 8draws out0 & plays 9 ano!r "p ( ! bo>d4 #e4 ,p #af4 #f4 ,p #ag4 #g4 ,q #ag4 8,kiri ,kae%i40 ,! #h4 ,r #ag4 effect ( ?is move is g5]ally to divide ! t]ritory4 #i4 ,q #ah4 #aj4 ,r #ah4 #aa4 ,p #ah4 #ab4 ,o #ag4 #ac4 ,r #af4 #ad4 ,q #ae4 #ae4 ,s #ah4 #af4 ,r #ae4 #ag4 ,s #af4 #ah4 ,s #ae4 #ai4 ,s #ag4 #bj4 ,p #ae4 ,:ite has ! corn]1 b ,black has bett] *ances to make t]ritory lat]4 ,v ,h&icap ,black is suppos$ to h ano!r h&icap /one at ,d #d4 ,plate #ai 7,c7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #ad4 8,kogeima40 #b4 ,f #af4 8,ikk5 taka hiraki40 ,?is 8,joseki0 0 an inv5tion ( ,murase ,%uho4 #c4 ,h #ag4 ,:ite conf9es #d4 ,c #aa4 ,black prep>es to ,black's advances4 get t]ritory on left side ( ! bo>d4 #e4 ,b #af4 ,:ite plays to take #f4 ,d #ad4 ! corn]4 #g4 ,c #ae4 #h4 ,d #ac4 ,bett] ?an ,d #ae1 z x conf9es ,:ite m effectively4 #i4 ,c #ag4 #aj4 ,d #ag4 #aa4 ,h #ae4 #ab4 ,c #af4 #ac4 ,b #ah4 #ad4 ,c #ah4 #ae4 ,b #ag4 #af4 ,c #ac4 ,a v good move2 x %uts ,:ite 9 ! corn] & assures ,black a l>ge t]ritory on ! left side ( ! bo>d4 ,?is op5+ might be cont9u$ z foll[s3 ,,:ite ,,black #ag4 ,d #ah4 #ah4 ,e #ah4 #ai4 ,c #ai4 ,takes4 #bj4 ,d #g4 or #ag4 ,c #f4 #ah4 ,d #ah4 #ai4 ,b #ac4 #bj4 ,b #ab4 #ba4 ,b #ad4 #bb4 ,c #h4 ,,vi ,h&icap ,black is suppos$ to h /ones at ,o #d & ,q #d also2 ^! are call$ 8,%iki i%i40 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,f #c4 8,kogeima40 #b4 ,h #c4 ,by ?is move ,black at once attacks ! :ite /one & also prep>es to connect ) ! /one at ,o #d4 #c4 ,f #e4 ,:ite mu/ get out #d4 ,l #c4 8,t5uki02 t is1 x t[>ds ! middle ( ! has no?+ to d ) ! bo>d4 corn] 9 dispute2 ,black feels he has an opportunity to take t]ritory4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t if ! 8,%iki i%i0 at ,o #d 7 at ,n #c1 !n ,black w\ld play ,no4 #d at ,h #e4 #e4 ,d #f4 ,:ite attacks ! #f4 ,d #b4 ,?is is an important h&icap /one4 def5sive move4 #g4 ,e #b4 #h4 ,b #e4 ,black tries to escape4 #i4 ,b #f4 #aj4 ,c #f4 #aa4 ,c #e4 ,c #g w\ld be good #ab4 ,c #g4 also4 #ac4 ,b #d4 #ad4 ,d #e4 #ae4 ,c #d4 #af4 ,c #c4 #ag4 ,b #g4 #ah4 ,c #h4 #ai4 ,e #f4 ,:ite mu/ support #bj4 ,a #e4 ,?is is a v well /one at ,d #f4 consid]$ move = ,black4 #ba4 ,a #d4 #bb4 ,b #c4 #bc4 ,a #f4 ,takes two4 #bd4 ,b #h4 #be4 ,a #c4 ,! corn] is n[ an #bf4 ,b #b4 example ( 8,semeai02 ! "q is :i* side c kill ! o!r fir/4 #bg4 ,a #b4 #bh4 ,b #a4 #bi4 ,d #a4 #cj4 ,a #h4 ,if ,black plays at ,c #a1 ! corn] w become 8,seki10 z x is1 ! :ite gr\p is dead4 ,black has mu* ! be/ ( ?is v>iation4 ,,vii ,h&icap ,black is suppos$ to h a h&icap /one at ,q #d also4 ,plate #ai 7,d7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,f #c4 #b4 ,f #d4 8,tsuke te40 ,aga9 ,black takes ! aggressive f ! />t4 #c4 ,g #d4 #d4 ,f #e4 #e4 ,e #c4 #f4 ,d #c4 #g4 ,g #e4 #h4 ,g #f4 #i4 ,j #e4 ,:ite's be/ move4 #aj4 ,d #f4 ,black has ! bett] position4 ,,viii ,h&icap ,plate #bj 7,a7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,o #ag4 8,kogeima40 #b4 ,o #af4 8,tsuke te40 #c4 ,n #af4 #d4 ,o #ae4 #e4 ,q #ag4 #f4 ,p #ag4 #g4 ,p #ah4 #h4 ,p #af4 #i4 ,n #ah4 #aj4 ,r #ag4 #aa4 ,q #ah4 #ab4 ,n #ae4 #ac4 ,m #af4 #ad4 ,r #aj4 ,black ab&ons /one at ,r #ag 9 ord] to get t]ritory2 an amateur might be tempt$ to play ,no4 #ad at ,r #ah1 b 9 t case ,:ite c\ld spoil ,black's *ance to get space on ! "r side ( ! bo>d4 #ae4 ,r #af4 #af4 ,r #ae4 #ag4 ,s #af4 #ah4 ,s #ae4 #ai4 ,s #ag4 #bj4 ,p #aj4 ,:ite has ! corn]1 b ,black has practically secur$ a l>ge t]ritory on ! "r4 ,,ix ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 #b4 ,q #ad4 8,tsuke te40 #c4 ,q #ac4 #d4 ,p #ad4 #e4 ,o #ag4 ,:ite attacks f #f4 ,r #ae4 ! o!r side also4 #g4 ,r #ac4 #h4 ,p #ah4 #i4 ,n #af4 #aj4 ,s #ad4 ,black has ! corn]4 ,:ite has a *ance on bo? sides4 ,x ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 8,kogeima40 #b4 ,q #ad4 8,tsuke te40 #c4 ,q #ac4 #d4 ,p #ad4 #e4 ,o #ag4 ,:ite attacks f #f4 ,o #af4 ,black responds f ! o!r side z be=e4 ! outside z 9 ! case ( move ,no4 #b4 #g4 ,p #ag4 #h4 ,q #ag4 #i4 ,p #af4 #aj4 ,r #ac4 #aa4 ,r #ae4 #ab4 ,q #ae4 #ac4 ,r #ab4 #ad4 ,s #ac4 #ae4 ,s #ab4 #af4 ,n #ag4 #ag4 ,n #af4 #ah4 ,o #ae4 #ai4 ,m #ag4 #bj4 ,n #ah4 #ba4 ,m #ah4 #bb4 ,n #ac4 #bc4 ,m #af4 #bd4 ,t #ac4 #be4 ,q #ab4 #bf4 ,s #ae4 ,black has ! corn] & also an outlet to ! c5t]4 ,:ite has a *ance to =m t]ritory on bo? sides4 ,black's position is pref]able4 ,,xi ,h&icap ,black is suppos$ to h a /one at ,d #d also4 ,plate #bj 7,b7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #f4 #b4 ,k #c4 ,?is move is an inv5tion ( ,murase ,%uho2 x w\ld n be play$ unless ,black _h a /one at ,d #d4 ,black's int5tion is to develop t]ritory 9 ei!r corn] dep5d+ on ! nature ( ,:ite's attack4 #c4 ,o #c4 ,:ite attacks ! #d4 ,q #f4 "r-h& corn] f bo? sides4 #e4 ,q #g4 #f4 ,p #f4 #g4 ,r #c4 ,?is is a direct #h4 ,r #e4 ,black mu/ play "h attack on ! corn]4 be=e play+ at ,q #c4 ,x also gives ,black ! 8,s5te40 #i4 ,r #g4 ,:ite mu/ connect4 #aj4 ,q #c4 #aa4 ,q #b4 #ab4 ,s #b4 ,?is is a clev] move4 ,amateurs w\ld be tempt$ to play at ,p #b1 :i* w\ld be v bad = ,black1 z ,:ite w\ld !n get ! entire "r side4 #ac4 ,r #b4 #ad4 ,s #c4 ,secures ,black's connection ) ,r #e4 #ae4 ,m #c4 ,:ite mu/ ext5d 8 #af4 ,k #e4 ,black plays to %ut b\nd>ies or 8 /ones 9 ,:ite z mu* z w die4 possible2 he also supports 8 /one at ,d #d4 ,black has ! bett] game4 ,,xii ,h&icap ,plate #bj 7,c7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #ac4 8,ogeima ,kak>i40 #b4 ,c #ae4 ,?is is to prev5t ,?is is ano!r me?od ( ,:ite f play+ at ,b comm5c+ ! attack2 x #af4 does n attack ! corn] s directly1 b x gives ,:ite a bett] *ance on ! sides or c5t]4 #c4 ,g #ag4 ,:ite attacks f #d4 ,e #ag4 ,prev5t+ ,:ite ! o!r side 9 ! same f ent]+ at ,d #ah2 way4 ?is secures ! corn] = ,black4 #e4 ,c #ag4 ,?is is a 8,sute #f4 ,b #af4 i%i0 or sacrific$ /one4 ,:ite ?reat5s to connect x ) "o side or ! o!r4 ,! game is ab\t ev52 if ,:ite does n play at ,c #ag on ! fif? move1 ,black gets mu* ! bett] ( x4 ,,xiii ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,n #ag4 8,ogeima ,kak>i40 #b4 ,p #ag4 ,prev5t+ ! entry at ,q #ah4 #c4 ,r #ad4 ,:ite attacks ! #d4 ,s #ae4 ,v important move o!r side ) 8,kogeima40 = ,black2 if ,black makes a move else:]e at ?is po9t 78,t5uki107 ,:ite gets mu* ! bett] ( x4 ,,xiv ,h&icap ,plate #bj 7,d7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #g4 #b4 ,c #e4 #c4 ,g #d4 8,nikk5 taka kak>i40 #d4 ,e #b4 ,a v important ,?is is ano!r me?od ( move2 if ,black plays attack+ f ! o!r 8,t5uki10 ,:ite c at side4 once ent] ! corn]4 ,suppose ,black does n play ,no4 #d1 ,e #b1 b plays else:]e1 !n ! foll[+ cont9uation might occur3 ,,:ite ,,black #d4 8,t5uki40 #e4 ,d #b4 #f4 ,e #c4 #g4 ,e #b4 #h4 ,f #c4 #i4 ,g #c4 #aj4 ,f #b4 #aa4 ,g #b4 #ab4 ,g #a4 #ac4 ,c #c4 #ad4 ,b #d4 #ae4 ,b #c4 #af4 ,d #f4 ,black mu/ get out t[>d ! c5t]4 #ag4 ,b #f4 ,?reat5+ 8,wat>i40 #ah4 ,b #e4 #ai4 ,h #a4 #bj4 ,f #a4 #ba4 ,b #a4 ,by means ( ?is move ! :ite /ones 9 ! corn] live4 ,:ite has ! bett] ( x4 ,,xv ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,n #ag4 #b4 ,p #ag4 #c4 ,q #ad4 ,?is is ano!r #d4 ,o #ae4 ,black plays to get me?od ( attack1 call$ out t[>d ! c5t]1 z 8,ikk5 taka kak>i02 x ,:ite's ?ird move does does n give ,:ite a base n m5ace ! corn]4 = attack+ ! corn] imm$iately4 #e4 ,n #ae4 ,:ite also plays out #f4 ,n #ad4 t[>d ! c5t]1 o!rwise ,black w\ld %ut him 9 at ,m #af4 #g4 ,m #ae4 #h4 ,p #ac4 ,amateurs might play at ,o #ad2 ! text move protects ! connection & ext5ds also4 #i4 ,q #ac4 #aj4 ,p #ab4 #aa4 ,r #aa4 ,beg9n]s might play #ab4 ,m #ad4 at ,q #ab2 ?is is always bad play4 #ac4 ,l #ae4 #ad4 ,s #ae4 ,protect+ ! corn] aga9/ ! :ite /one at ,q #ac4 ,ev5 game4 ,,xvi ,h&icap ,plate #ba 7,a7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,m #ag4 8,daidaigeima02 n #b4 ,o #ag4 ,black def5ds ! s mu* us$ z ! o!r corn] f t side4 attacks4 #c4 ,r #ad4 8,kogeima40 ,:ite #d4 ,s #af4 ,black aga9 prev5ts attacks f ! o!r ! advance into ! side4 corn]4 #e4 ,p #af4 ,:ite ?reat5s ! #f4 ,p #ae4 ,p #ag looks l ! connection betwe5 ! obvi\s def5se1 b ?is h&icap /one & ,no4 #b1 w\ld %ut ,black 9 ! o!rwise ,black w\ld play corn] & give ,:ite ! at ,r #ab1 ) ! bett] game4 advantage4 #g4 ,p #ag4 #h4 ,q #ag4 #i4 ,o #af4 #aj4 ,p #ah4 #aa4 ,o #ah4 #ab4 ,o #ae4 #ac4 ,n #af4 ,mu* bett] ?an #ad4 ,q #ac4 ,?is attacks ! imm$iately tak+ ! :ite /one at ,r #ad2 x s+le black /one4 also def5ds ! connection at ,q #ae4 #ae4 ,r #ab4 ,mu* bett] ?an ,r #af4 ,r #ac4 #ac2 9 t case ,:ite w\ld lose bo? /ones4 #ag4 ,s #ac4 #ah4 ,q #ad4 ,black has ! bett] ( x4 ,,xvii ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,h #c4 #b4 ,f #c4 #c4 ,c #f4 #d4 ,c #e4 ,?is is an alt]native me?od ( def5d+ ! corn]4 #e4 ,d #f4 #f4 ,f #e4 ,black plays to avoid be+ %ut 9 ! corn]1 also x c be demon/rat$ if he neglects ?is move 8 /ones w be kill$4 #g4 ,f #f4 #h4 ,h #d4 #i4 ,j #d4 #aj4 ,h #e4 #aa4 ,g #c4 #ab4 ,f #b4 ,?is is a good move4 ,f #d w\ld be weak4 ,! text move def5ds & at ! same "t ?reat5s ,:ite's /ones on l9e #c4 ,f #d w\ld give ,:ite a *ance to play else:]e 78,t5uki07 :i* is a great advantage4 #ac4 ,j #c4 #ad4 ,e #e4 ,black _c neglect ?is move1 or ,:ite c break 9 ) a w9n+ attack4 ,aga9 ,black has ! bett] ( x4 ,he has a *ance to play at ,j #a on ! next move4 ,! relation ( ?is /one to ! /one at ,f #b :5 at ! edge ( ! bo>d is call$ 8,oz>u10 or ! 8great monkey10 & x g5]ally ga9s ab\t eight spaces4 ,?is is also %[n among ! examples ( end positions4 ,,xviii ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #h4 #b4 ,c #f4 #c4 ,e #b4 ,?is is ano!r #d4 ,d #b4 me?od ( try+ to get 9 ! corn]4 #e4 ,d #c4 #f4 ,e #c4 ,?is is ! crucial move ( ?is v>iation2 if ,black plays ,no4 #f at ,c #c1 he gets ! corn]1 b ,:ite gets ! bett] game4 #g4 ,c #c4 #h4 ,c #b4 #i4 ,c #d4 #aj4 ,d #e4 #aa4 ,f #b4 #ab4 ,b #c4 #ac4 ,b #d4 #ad4 ,b #b4 #ae4 ,g #d4 #af4 ,e #d4 ,black has ! bett] ( x4 ,,xix ,h&icap ,plate #ba 7,b7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,o #d4 8,ikk5 taka kak>i40 #b4 ,q #f4 ,?is is ,black's be/ ,?is is ! f\r? me?od answ]4 ( comm5c+ ! attack4 #c4 ,r #h4 #d4 ,p #g4 ,black int5ds to foll[ up ?is move on "o side or ! o!r1 ! two po9ts be+ ,q #i & ,m #c4 ,?is is call$ 8,hibiku10 or 8to e*o40 #e4 ,q #aj4 ,:ite def5ds on "o #f4 ,m #c4 side4 #g4 ,n #e4 ,:ite mu/ get out4 #h4 ,m #e4 #i4 ,m #f4 #aj4 ,m #d4 #aa4 ,p #c4 #ab4 ,q #c4 #ac4 ,o #h4 #ad4 ,l #f4 #ae4 ,s #f4 #af4 ,s #e4 #ag4 ,r #e4 #ah4 ,s #d4 #ai4 ,r #f4 #bj4 ,p #d4 #ba4 ,o #c4 #bb4 ,s #b4 ,black prep>es to =m 8,me0 9 ! corn]4 ,:ite mu/ n[ play at ,o #f to save 8 /ones on ! left side4 ,?is 8,joseki0 is v mu* spread out2 x is difficult to say :o has ! bett] ( x4 ,,xx ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,d #ad4 #b4 ,c #ad4 ,n s good z ,f #af4 #c4 ,c #ae4 ,?is is n ,:ite's #d4 ,d #ae4 be/ move2 x is done to confuse ,black1 & w w9 if ,black does n "k h[ to reply4 #e4 ,c #ac4 #f4 ,b #ad4 #g4 ,b #ae4 #h4 ,b #ac4 ,d #ac w\ld be bad4 #i4 ,c #ag4 #aj4 ,d #ag4 #aa4 ,c #ah4 #ab4 ,c #ab4 #ac4 ,d #ac4 #ad4 ,d #ah4 #ae4 ,d #ai4 #af4 ,c #af4 #ag4 ,b #af4 #ah4 ,a #ae4 #ai4 ,a #ag4 ,a #af w\ld n d4 #bj4 ,e #ai4 #ba4 ,c #ai4 #bb4 ,f #ah4 8,kake tsugu40 ,black mu/ protect 8 connection2 ?is situation arises frequ5tly4 #bc4 ,b #ah4 ,:ite plays on ! #bd4 ,f #ae4 only po9t to save ! corn]4 #be4 ,d #ab4 #bf4 ,c #aa4 #bg4 ,d #aa4 #bh4 ,c #aj4 ,black has ! bett] game4 ,,xxi ,h&icap ,plate #ba 7,c7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,d #ac4 8,nikk5 taka #b4 ,f #af4 ,black has a v>iety kak>i02 ?is is ! fif? ( moves at 8 comm&2 me?od ( op5+ ! ! text move is probably attack4 be/4 #c4 ,h #ag4 #d4 ,c #aj4 ,really 8,t5uki40 ,black c play equally well at ,c #g4 #e4 ,b #af4 #f4 ,c #af4 #g4 ,b #ad4 #h4 ,b #ag4 ,black has ! corn] & ,:ite has comm5c$ to envelop 8 /ones4 ,! foll[+ cont9uation might occur3 ,,:ite ,,black #e4 ,f #ah4 #f4 ,d #ah4 #g4 ,e #ag4 #h4 ,c #ae4 ,black's la/ move 9 ?is cont9uation is int]e/+1 because x w make 8,kake tsugu0 no matt] :i* way ,:ite tries to break ?r\gh4 ,if he %\ld play at ,d #ag1 ,:ite c\ld get ?r\gh at ,e #af4 ,,xxii ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,n #af4 #b4 ,o #ag4 ,?is is an alt]native def5se4 #c4 ,n #ag4 #d4 ,o #af4 #e4 ,o #ae4 #f4 ,n #ah4 ,?is is ,black's be/ move4 ,if he plays at ,p #ae1 ,:ite replies at ,o #ah ) a good attack4 #g4 ,m #ah4 #h4 ,o #ah4 #i4 ,m #ae4 #aj4 ,n #ad4 ,?is /one w be sacrific$1 b :ile ,:ite is kill+ x ,black gets advantage else:]e4 #aa4 ,n #ae4 ,:ite mu/ connect4 #ab4 ,q #ad4 ,black has ! bett] ( x4 ,,xxiii ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,g #d4 #b4 ,d #g4 ,?is is ano!r def5sive move4 #c4 ,d #c4 #d4 ,e #c4 ,?is is bett] ?an ,c #c2 9 t case ,black gets ! wor/ ( x4 #e4 ,e #d4 #f4 ,c #c4 #g4 ,d #b4 #h4 ,e #e4 #i4 ,f #d4 #aj4 ,c #d4 ,c #b is n s good4 #aa4 ,c #b4 #ab4 ,b #b4 #ac4 ,e #b4 ,:ite mu/ look out #ad4 ,c #aj4 = 8 ?ree /ones4 ,b #a w\ld be a bad move4 ,! corn] is divid$1 b ,black has bett] prospects4 ,,xxiv ,h&icap ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,f #c4 #b4 ,c #g4 #c4 ,c #i4 #d4 ,d #c4 ,black's ?ree /ones are n[ call$ 8,ogeima %im>i02 !y are suppos$ to be a /rong =mation protect+ ! corn]4 #e4 ,c #e4 ,! po9t ( ?is #f4 ,d #e4 v>iation is to %[ t ,:ite c /rike 9 on ?is move & yet live4 #g4 ,c #f4 #h4 ,d #g4 #i4 ,b #g4 #aj4 ,b #h4 #aa4 ,b #f4 #ab4 ,c #h4 #ac4 ,d #f4 #ad4 ,e #f4 #ae4 ,e #g4 ,:ite ?reat5s f #af4 ,c #d4 ! outside4 #ag4 ,b #i4 #ah4 ,e #h4 ,black _c v5ture ,a #h1 z 8 f\r /ones w\ld !n die4 #ai4 ,a #h4 8,wat>i40 #bj4 ,f #g4 ,takes4 ,:ite has ent]$ ! corn] & /ill 8 /ones w live4 ,,xxv ,h&icap ,plate #ba 7,d7 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,c #f4 #b4 ,g #c4 #c4 ,j #c4 #d4 ,c #d4 #e4 ,e #f4 ,in/ead ( ent]+ #f4 ,g #e4 ,black tries to get ! corn]1 ,:ite attacks out t[>d ! c5t]2 f bo? sides4 ?is move also prev5ts ,:ite f play+ at ,e #c4 #g4 ,j #e4 #h4 ,g #g4 #i4 ,f #h4 #aj4 ,h #b4 ,black has a good game4 ,we n[ come to ! 8,joseki0 :]e no h&icaps are giv54 ,9 su* cases1 ( c\rse1 ,black has ! fir/ move4 ,! fir/ /one is g5]ally play$ on an int]section adjac5t to ! po9t on :i* ! h&icap /one is plac$ :5 giv54 ,!re are1 !re=e1 eight int]sections on :i* ! fir/ /one might be play$4 ,9 ! l[] left-h& corn]1 = in/ance1 ^! w\ld be ,c #c1 ,c #d1 ,c #e1 ,d #c1 ,d #e1 ,e #c1 ,e #d1 ,e #e4 ,by common cons5t ,c #c has be5 reject$ z disadvantage\s = ! fir/ play]1 because ! t]ritory obta9$ !reby is too small4 ,e #e has be5 reject$ because x all[s ! adv]s>y to play beh9d x & take ! corn]4 ,d #d1 or ! h&icap po9t1 is also n us$4 ,! o!r six po9ts may be divid$ into duplicate sets ( ?ree ea*1 &1 !re=e1 !re are only ?ree well-recogniz$ me?ods ( play+ ! fir/ /one4 ,^! are3 9 ! l[] left-h& corn]1 ,c #d or ,d #c1 ! mo/ usual & cons]vative1 :i* is call$ 8,komoku10 or ! 8little #8,me'02 ,e #d or ,d #e :i* is bold]1 call$ 8,takamoku10 or ! 8high #8,me'02 & ,e #c or ,c #e :i* is n s mu* us$ z ei!r ( ! o!rs1 call$ 8,moku hadzu%i10 or ! 8deta*$ #8,me4'0 ,we %all give ab\t an equal numb] ( examples ( ea* ( ^! me?ods ( op5+ ! game1 comm5c+1 z is cu/om>y 9 ! ,japanese works1 ) 8,takamoku40 ,i ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bb 7,d7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,d #e4 8,takamoku40 ,?is is #b4 ,d #c4 ,?is is ,:ite's be/ ! mo/ aggressive ( ! answ]4 ,e #c is also good4 ?ree me?ods ( op5+4 ,c #c is bad4 #c4 ,c #c4 ,black plays to get #d4 ,c #b4 ,be/2 if he attempts t]ritory on ! left2 he to cut (f at ,c #d he gets attacks f inside4 a bad game4 #e4 ,c #d4 ,black ext5ds4 #f4 ,e #b4 ,necess>y to secure ! connection at ,d #b4 #g4 ,c #i4 ,black takes t]ritory #h4 ,g #d4 ,:ite takes space to on left side4 ! "r4 ,ev5 game4 ,,ii ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,q #ae4 8,takamoku40 #b4 ,q #ag4 #c4 ,p #ag4 ,black attacks f #d4 ,p #ah4 ! outside4 #e4 ,p #af4 #f4 ,o #ag4 ,:ite plays to get t]ritory on "o side or ! o!r2 he w sacrifice "o ( 8 /ones on l9e #ag4 #g4 ,o #ah4 ,?is /one is #h4 ,n #ah4 ,:ite plays to int5d$ z a sacrifice to secure ! left-h& side4 aid ,black 9 gett+ ! corn]4 ,x is bett] ?an ,q #ah4 #i4 ,q #ah4 ,black n[ secures #aj4 ,o #ai4 ,takes4 ! corn]4 #aa4 ,r #ag4 #ab4 ,o #af4 ,an important /one2 x is play$ to secure ,:ite t]ritory on ! left1 also to aid 9 an attack on ! "r-h& side4 #ac4 ,p #ad4 ,?is is also #ad4 ,k #af4 ,:ite returns to 8 important z x ext5ds orig9al plan & secures ,black's t]ritory2 he t]ritory to ! left4 _c neglect x4 ,ev5 game4 ,suppose ,black neglects ,p #ad on 8 ?irte5? move1 we w\ld !n h ! foll[+ cont9uation3 ,,black ,,:ite #ac4 8,t5uki40 #ad4 ,p #ad4 #ae4 ,q #ad4 #af4 ,q #ac4 #ag4 ,r #ac4 #ah4 ,r #ab4 #ai4 ,q #ab4 #bj4 ,p #ac4 #ba4 ,r #aa4 #bb4 ,s #ab4 #bc4 ,s #aa4 #bd4 ,s #ac4 #be4 ,r #ad4 #bf4 ,q #aa4 #bg4 ,p #ab4 #bh4 ,s #aj4 #bi4 ,r #aj4 #cj4 ,q #aj4 #ca4 ,r #i4 ,:ite has ! bett] ( x4 ,,iii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bb 7,a7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,p #af4 8,takamoku40 #b4 ,r #af4 #c4 ,q #ad4 ,! purpose ( ?is #d4 ,p #ag4 ,:ite tries to get move is to conf9e ,:ite out on ! left4 to ! corn]4 #e4 ,o #ag4 ,black prev5ts ?is4 #f4 ,q #ag4 #g4 ,o #af4 #h4 ,r #ad4 ,:ite tries ! o!r side4 #i4 ,r #ac4 ,black /ops him4 #aj4 ,s #ad4 #aa4 ,q4#af4 ,if ,black wi%es #ab4 ,r #ag4 8,t5uki10 ?is is good1 o!rwise ,s #ac w\ld be bett]4 #ac4 ,e #ag4 8,t5uki10 b1 nev]!less1 play$ ) ref]5ce to ! /ones on l9e ,o4 ,ev5 game4 ,:ite has ! corn]1 b ,black has bett] possibilities4 ,,iv ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,e #af4 8,takamoku40 #b4 ,c #af4 #c4 ,d #ad4 #d4 ,e #ag4 #e4 ,d #af4 ,black ?reat5s to #f4 ,d #ag4 break into ! corn]4 #g4 ,c #ag4 ,black repeats 8 #h4 ,b #ag4 ?reat2 9 reality x is a sacrific$ /one4 #i4 ,c #ah4 ,?is /one may be #aj4 ,b #ah4 ,:ite mu/ play "h lo/1 b x aids ,black 9 to save 8 /ones4 attack+ f ! outside4 #aa4 ,c #ae4 #ab4 ,b #af4 #ac4 ,f #ag4 #ad4 ,d #ah4 #ae4 ,e #ah4 #af4 ,c #ai4 ,takes two4 #ag4 ,g #af4 ,?is is an old 8,joseki0 :i* us$ to be popul>2 x fell into disuse & 0 reviv$ by ,murase ,%uho4 ,x is good en\gh = ,:ite if he has an outly+ /one or two 9 ! neighborhood1 o!rwise x is bad play = ,:ite4 ,v ,no ,h&icap ,! foll[+ /ones are suppos$ to be on ! bo>d3 ,black1 ,q #ac1 ,r #ac1 ,r #ae2 ,:ite1 ,q #ad1 ,p #af1 ,q #ag4 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,q #e4 ,black plays #b4 ,r #c4 ,:ite plans to 8,takamoku10 ?9k+ to prev5t ,black's connection connect ) /ones on & r$uce ! ,black l9e #ac4 t]ritory4 #c4 ,p #c4 ,?is is an error2 if #d4 ,q #d4 ,black wi%es to fru/rate ,:ite's plan1 ,r #d is ! correct play4 #e4 ,p #d4 #f4 ,r #e4 #g4 ,r #f4 #h4 ,s #f4 #i4 ,r #g4 #aj4 ,s #g4 #aa4 ,r #h4 #ab4 ,s #h4 ,:ite has n[ made a =midable attack on ! ,black t]ritory4 #ac4 ,r #i4 #ad4 ,p #e4 ,if ,black gets ?is po9t1 8 l9e w\ld be too /rong4 #ae4 ,q #f4 #af4 ,q #b4 ,important2 n m]ely to attack ,black on l9e ,p1 b x prev5ts ,black f com+ to ,r #b1 :i* w\ld mean #aj 8,me02 x also prep>es = ,o #b4 ,:ite has ! bett] ( x4 ,v>iation comm5c+ at ,:ite's sixte5? move3 ,,black ,,:ite #af4 ,o #e4 ,n s good z ,no4 #af1 ,q #b4 #ag4 ,r #b4 #ah4 ,s #b4 #ai4 ,q #b4 #bj4 ,s #d4 ,:ite secures ! necess>y two 8,me40 #ba4 ,m #c4 ,black n[ has secur$ t]ritory at ! bottom ( ! bo>d & conf9$ ,:ite to ! corn] ) ! bett] game4 ,,vi ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bb 7,b7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,q #e4 #b4 ,q #c4 #c4 ,o #d4 #d4 ,r #e4 #e4 ,r #f4 #f4 ,r #d4 #g4 ,s #f4 #h4 ,o #b4 #i4 8,t5uki0 at ,q #ae4 ,:ite has ! corn]2 ,black c af=d 8,t5uki0 at move n9e because if ,:ite cuts at ,q #f ,black c /ill get a good game4 ,9 fact ,q #ae indirectly def5ds ! connection at ,q #f4 ,,vii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bb 7,c7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,d #ae4 #b4 ,d #ag4 #c4 ,g #af4 ,old 8,joseki10 #d4 ,c #ae4 orig9at$ by ,konno ,g5ko 9 ! ,middle ,ages4 #e4 ,c #af4 #f4 ,d #af4 #g4 ,c #ag4 #h4 ,c #ah4 #i4 ,b #ah4 #aj4 ,d #ah4 #aa4 ,b #ae4 #ab4 ,c #ad4 #ac4 ,b #ad4 #ad4 ,c #ac4 #ae4 ,e #ae4 #af4 ,b #ai4 #ag4 ,b #ag4 #ah4 ,b #ac4 #ai4 ,a #af4 ,?is gives ,black two #bj4 ,g #ah4 8,me40 #ba4 ,h #ah4 #bb4 ,g #ag4 #bc4 ,h #ag4 #bd4 ,f #af4 #be4 ,f #ae4 #bf4 ,e #af4 #bg4 ,g #ae4 #bh4 ,f #ah4 ,important move = def5se4 #bi4 ,c #aj4 ,black has ! bett] ( x4 ,,viii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bc 7,a7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,p #ag4 8,moku hadzu%i02 n #b4 ,q #ae4 ,?is is call$ s mu* us$ z ! o!r 8,takamoku kak>i02 x is two op5+s4 ,x is m "o ( ! two g5]al cons]vative ?an me?ods ( reply+ to 8,takamoku40 8,moku hadzu%i40 #c4 ,r #af4 ,black plays to #d4 ,r #ae4 secure ! corn]4 #e4 ,s #af4 ,! corn] is n[ #f4 ,r #aa4 ,s #ae w\ld be good safe4 also4 ,ev5 game4 ,,ix ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,r #ae4 8,moku hadzu%i40 #b4 ,p #af4 #c4 ,p #ae4 ,black plays to #d4 ,o #ae4 conf9e ,:ite4 #e4 ,p #ad4 ,necess>y to prev5t #f4 ,q #af4 ,:ite plays to get ,:ite break+ 94 ! corn]4 #g4 ,r #af4 #h4 ,n #af4 ,v important2 if neglect$1 ,black gets ! corn]1 & also de/roys ,:ite's adjac5t t]ritory4 #i4 ,r #aj4 #aj4 ,r #ag4 #aa4 ,s #ag4 #ab4 ,s #ah4 #ac4 ,r #ah4 #ad4 ,q #ag4 #ae4 ,s #af4 #af4 ,k #ag4 ,! corn] is ev5ly divid$1 & nei!r side has an advantage4 ,x ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,p #ag4 #b4 ,q #ae4 8,takamoku kak>i40 #c4 ,p #ae4 #d4 ,p #af4 ,?is is an inv5tion ( ,murase ,%uho4 #e4 ,o #af4 ,black _c play at #f4 ,q #af4 ,q #af )\t gett+ a v bad position4 #g4 ,q #ag4 #h4 ,r #ag4 #i4 ,r #ah4 #aj4 ,s #af4 #aa4 ,s #ah4 #ab4 ,o #ag4 #ac4 ,n #ag4 #ad4 ,o #ah4 #ae4 ,p #ah4 #af4 ,n #ah4 ,?is & ! two prec$+ /ones are sacrific$2 ,black naturally expects ,:ite to cut at ,o #ae4 ,! text move is a brilliant inv5tion ( ,murase ,%uho4 #ag4 ,m #ag4 ,black _c neglect #ah4 ,o #ae4 ?is move4 #ai4 ,n #af4 #bj4 ,p #ad4 ,takes4 #ba4 ,k #ag4 ,def5sive2 ,black #bb4 ,r #aj4 loses ! 8,s5te40 ,:ite has mu* ! bett] game4 ,,xi ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bc 7,b7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,p #c4 8,moku hadzu%i40 #b4 ,q #e4 8,takamoku kak>i40 #c4 ,p #e4 #d4 ,p #d4 #e4 ,q #d4 ,?is is n a good #f4 ,o #d4 move = ,black & w result 9 8 gett+ a conf9$ position4 #g4 ,r #e4 #h4 ,q #f4 #i4 ,r #d4 #aj4 ,o #c4 #aa4 ,p #b4 #ab4 ,o #b4 #ac4 ,r #f4 #ad4 ,q #g4 #ae4 ,s #h4 ,black _c play at #af4 ,e #c4 ,r #h1 z ,:ite w\ld cut at ,r #g4 ,:ite has ! bett] position4 ,,xii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bc 7,c7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #ae4 #b4 ,d #ag4 8,komoku kak>i40 ,?is is ! alt]native me?od ( def5se to ?is op5+4 #c4 ,f #ag4 ,black attacks f #d4 ,e #ag4 ,?is is ! crucial bo? sides4 move4 ,:ite plays ?us fir/ to get a /rong position on l9e #ag1 also to prep>e = gett+ out at ,d #ae4 ,two connect$ /ones always =m a /rong base4 #e4 ,g #af4 #f4 ,d #ae4 #g4 ,d #ad4 #h4 ,e #ae4 #i4 ,b #af4 ,black n[ invades #aj4 ,b #ag4 ! corn]2 he wi%es to occupy ,c #ag1 an important po9t4 #aa4 ,c #ag4 #ab4 ,c #ah4 #ac4 ,c #af4 #ad4 ,b #ah4 #ae4 ,e #ah4 #af4 ,d #ah4 #ag4 ,g #ad4 #ah4 ,f #ad4 #ai4 ,d #ac4 ,gu>d+ ! #bj4 ,g #ac4 connection at ,c #ad4 #ba4 ,h #ad4 #bb4 ,f #ab4 ,black has ! bett] position4 ,?is is an old 8,joseki40 ,x is n mu* lik$ at ! pres5t "t4 ,,xiii ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #ae4 #b4 ,d #ag4 #c4 ,f #af4 ,?is is a v>iation2 #d4 ,e #ag4 ! int5tion is to conf9e ,:ite to ! m>g94 #e4 ,e #ae4 ,?is is to prev5t #f4 ,g #ag4 ,:ite f com+ to ,d #ae4 #g4 ,h #af4 #h4 ,h #ah4 ,?is is a correct move4 ,h #ag w\ld be inf]ior4 #i4 ,g #af4 #aj4 ,k #ag4 ,ev5 game4 ,,xiv ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bc 7,d7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #e4 #b4 ,d #c4 #c4 ,f #d4 #d4 ,e #c4 #e4 ,c #c4 ,?is is unusual2 ,e #e #f4 ,c #b4 is ! cu/om>y move4 #g4 ,c #d4 #h4 ,g #c4 #i4 ,b #b4 #aj4 ,g #d4 #aa4 ,e #e4 #ab4 ,d #b4 #ac4 ,g #e4 #ad4 ,j #d4 ,ev5 game2 ! corn] is divid$4 ,,xv ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bd 7,a7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,r #af4 ,?is move1 call$ #b4 ,p #ag4 ,:ite's be/ reply4 8,komoku10 is ! mo/ frequ5tly us$ op5+ :5 !re are no h&icaps2 x is also ! safe/ = ! weak] play]4 #c4 ,n #ag4 ,?is move is call$ #d4 ,r #ag4 ,:ite plays to get 8,ikk5 basami02 ?is is ! corn]4 ! mo/ usual way ( cont9u+3 x gives ,black an attack at once4 #e4 ,s #ag4 #f4 ,q #af4 #g4 ,r #ae4 ,black mu/ ext5d2 ,r #h4 ,r #ah4 ,:ite mu/ d ! #ah w\ld be bad4 same2 he _c play at ,s #ah4 #i4 ,q #ac4 #aj4 ,s #ah4 ,:ite _c neglect ?is move aft] ,black plays at ,q #ac2 if ,black _h play$ at ,r #ab1 ,:ite c\ld h play$ else:]e4 ,black has ! bett] position4 ,,xvi ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,q #ag4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,r #ae4 #c4 ,r #ac4 8,ikk5 basami40 #d4 ,q #ac4 ,?is "t ,:ite does n try = ! corn]1 b attacks ! black /one at ,r #ac4 #e4 ,q #ab4 #f4 ,q #ad4 #g4 ,n #ag4 ,black ab&ons ! #h4 ,r #ab4 /one at ,r #ac 9 ord] to get great] t]ritory2 if he def5ds x at ,r #aa1 ,:ite plays at ,n #ag ) a bett] game4 #i4 ,r #aa4 #aj4 ,s #ab4 #aa4 ,q #aa4 ,s #aa w\ld be bad4 #ab4 ,s #ac4 #ac4 ,r #af4 #ad4 ,s #ae4 ,black has ! bett] position4 ,,xvii ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,d #c4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,c #e4 #c4 ,c #g4 #d4 ,h #c4 ,:ite 9 turn attacks ! black /one at ,d #c2 ,g #c w\ld be too ne>4 #e4 ,d #e4 ,black connects 8 #f4 ,d #d4 /ones & %uts ,:ite 94 #g4 ,e #d4 #h4 ,c #d4 #i4 ,d #f4 #aj4 ,c #c4 #aa4 ,e #b4 #ab4 ,d #b4 #ac4 ,e #c4 #ad4 ,l #c4 ,:ite c af=d to play = a great] space1 z 8 /ones 9 ! corn] w live ev5 if he loses ! /one at ,d #b4 #ae4 ,b #f4 #af4 ,b #e4 #ag4 ,c #b4 #ah4 ,b #b4 #ai4 ,d #a4 ,takes4 #bj4 ,b #a4 ,ev5 game4 ,,xviii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bd 7,b7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,r #d4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,p #c4 #c4 ,m #c4 8,nikk5 basami40 ,?is #d4 ,q #e4 ,:ite plays to get is ! second v>iation 9 out t[>d ! c5t]4 ?is op5+4 #e4 ,r #e4 #f4 ,q #f4 #g4 ,r #g4 #h4 ,r #f4 #i4 ,s #f4 #aj4 ,s #g4 8,sute i%i40 #aa4 ,s #h4 #ab4 ,q #g4 #ac4 ,r #h4 ,x w\ld be bad play #ad4 ,s #e4 to take imm$iately4 #ae4 ,t #g4 ,takes4 #af4 ,r #c4 #ag4 ,s #d4 #ah4 ,s #c4 ,?is move is made to secure 8,me0 9 ! corn]4 #ai4 ,q #d4 #bj4 ,p #d4 ,! game is ab\t ev54 ,,xix ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,e #c4 #c4 ,h #c4 8,nikk5 basami40 #d4 ,d #e4 ,:ite attacks ! /one at ,c #d4 #e4 ,d #d4 #f4 ,e #d4 #g4 ,e #e4 ,?is is a bad move if #h4 ,d #f4 ,:ite replies correctly1 o!rwise ,black gets ! bett] ( x4 #i4 ,f #e4 #aj4 ,d #b4 ,?is is an important move2 x attacks ! black /ones on l9e #d & also prep>es = ,:ite to ext5d at ,g #d4 ,c #b w\ld be bad1 z ,black w\ld play at ,f #d4 #aa4 ,b #f4 ,black def5ds 8 #ab4 ,g #d4 ?reat5$ position4 #ac4 ,f #g4 #ad4 ,d #h4 ,:ite mu/ ext5d4 #ae4 ,b #b4 #af4 ,h #d4 ,black's ?ird /one at ,h #c is n[ call$ 8,uke i%i10 or a 8float+ /one40 ,:ite has ! bett] position4 ,,xx ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bd 7,c7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,d #ag4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,c #ae4 #c4 ,c #ab4 8,nikk5 basami40 #d4 ,d #ab4 ,:ite attacks ! /one at ,c #ab 9 ?is v>iation4 #e4 ,d #aa4 #f4 ,c #ac4 #g4 ,c #aa4 #h4 ,g #ag4 ,:ite attacks ! o!r black /one4 #i4 ,e #af4 #aj4 ,f #ae4 #aa4 ,c #af4 ,! old book move #ab4 ,e #ae4 0 ,e #ae1 b ?is gave 8,t5uki0 to ,:ite4 ,ev5 game4 ,,xxi ,no ,h&icap ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,e #c4 #c4 ,j #c4 8,sang5 basami40 ,?is #d4 ,r #d4 ,:ite takes advantage move attacks ! :ite ( 8 opportunity & /one b n s directly plays 9 ano!r corn]4 z ! prec$+ v>iation4 ,x is ! inv5tion ( ,hon9bo ,dosaku4 #e4 ,d #c4 #f4 ,e #d4 #g4 ,b #f4 #h4 ,j #e4 #i4 ,m #c4 ,x w be se5 9 #aj4 ,h #c4 ?is v>iation t ! /ones are play$ f>!r ap>t ?an 9 ! prec$+ 8,joseki40 #aa4 ,h #b4 #ab4 ,h #d4 #ac4 ,d #h4 ,?is is an important #ad4 ,o #c4 move = ,black4 #ae4 ,m #e4 #af4 ,l #d4 8,nozoku40 ,x ?reat5s ,black's connection on l9es ,m & #c4 #ag4 ,l #c4 ,if ,black def5ds at ,m #ah4 ,g #b4 #d1 ,:ite replies at ,k #b4 #ai4 ,j #b4 #bj4 ,l #e4 #ba4 ,m #d4 #bb4 ,p #e4 ,?is 8,joseki0 really deals ) two corn]s4 ,,xxii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #bd 7,d7 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,d #c4 8,komoku40 #b4 ,c #e4 #c4 ,c #i4 8,sang5 basami40 #d4 ,c #c4 #e4 ,c #b4 #f4 ,d #d4 #g4 ,e #c4 #h4 ,b #c4 #i4 ,e #d4 ,prep>atory to #aa at #aj4 ,d #f4 ,a good move4 ,e #e ,c #ae2 g5]ally ,no4 #i is w\ld be bad1 because play$ at ,h #c4 ,black w\ld reply at ,d #f ) a bett] game4 #aa4 ,c #ae4 7,n 9 diagram47 ,we w n[ ins]t t5 examples ( op5+s1 z di/+ui%$ f 8,joseki40 ,z already /at$1 ^! are by ,murase ,%uho4 ,9 ^! examples ,black is suppos$ to make ! be/ possible moves1 & !re=e ,:ite always f9ds himself at a disadvantage4 ,i ,plate #be ,black has a h&icap ( f\r /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 #b4 ,q #ad4 #c4 ,q #ac4 #d4 ,p #ad4 #e4 ,r #ae4 #f4 ,r #af4 #g4 ,o #c4 #h4 ,r #aj4 ,=m]ly 9 su* a case z ?is ,black play$ at ,r #g4 ,?is move repli$ to ,:ite's move at ,o #c & at ! same "t f a di/ance attack$ ,:ite's /ones at ,r #ad & ,r #ae4 ,x is bett] to conf9e ! la/ two /ones by ! text move4 #i4 ,p #ac4 #aj4 ,r #ab4 #aa4 ,q #ae4 #ab4 ,p #ae4 #ac4 ,r #ac4 #ad4 ,p #af4 #ae4 ,n #ac4 #af4 ,p #aj4 ,?is move is bett] ?an ,r #g4 #ag4 ,r #c4 #ah4 ,r #d4 ,?is move is bett] ?an ,q #c1 :i* al?\gh x cuts (f ,o #c & ,r #c w\ld leave ,black's /one at ,r #aj weak4 #ai4 ,q #c4 #bj4 ,p #d4 #ba4 ,p #c4 #bb4 ,n #e4 #bc4 ,l #ag4 #bd4 ,g #ag4 #be4 ,o #ag4 #bf4 ,n #af4 #bg4 ,p #ah4 #bh4 ,q #ah4 ,black is q satisfi$ to h m]ely ! necess>y two 8,me0 9 ?is corn]1 because he has a mu* l>g] t]ritory to ! left4 #bi4 ,j #ag4 #cj4 ,c #aj4 #ca4 ,q #f4 #cb4 ,o #d4 #cc4 ,m #d4 ,?is move is bett] #cd4 ,o #h4 ?an ,o #g because ,black c\ld foll[ at ,n #c 9 t case4 ,q #f is a 8,sute i%i0 or sacrific$ /one4 ,x has ! effect ( =c+ ,black to play #cd ,o #h1 & lat] on w help /ill fur!r to n>r[ d[n ,black's t]ritory4 ,at ! same "t e attack on ! ,black position f ! outside w\ld be made m effective by ! pres5ce ( ?is /one4 ,possibly x c\ld also be us$ lat] 9 8,ko40 ,black makes 8 #cf?1 #ch? & #dj? moves 9 ord] to secure 8 position :i* is weak5$ by ! pres5ce ( ! :ite /one at ,q #f4 #ce4 ,f #c4 #cf4 ,m #e4 #cg4 ,l #d4 #ch4 ,l #e4 #ci4 ,k #e4 #dj4 ,k #f4 #da4 ,j #e4 #db4 ,f #d4 #dc4 ,g #d4 #dd4 ,e #c4 #de4 ,f #e4 #df4 ,e #d4 #dg4 ,g #c4 #dh4 ,d #g4 #di4 ,r #ah4 ,beg9n]s w\ld play #ej4 ,p #ag4 at ,s #af or ,q #ag4 #ea4 ,o #ah4 #eb4 ,q #ai4 ,,ii ,plate #bf ,black has a h&icap ( f\r /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 #b4 ,q #ad4 #c4 ,q #ac4 #d4 ,p #ad4 #e4 ,r #ae4 #f4 ,r #af4 #g4 ,r #aj4 #h4 ,k #ag4 #i4 ,o #c4 #aj4 ,g #c4 #aa4 ,h #ag4 #ab4 ,f #ag4 #ac4 ,m #ag4 #ad4 ,o #ag4 #ae4 ,o #ah4 #af4 ,p #ag4 #ag4 ,k #ah4 #ah4 ,l #ah4 #ai4 ,l #ag4 #bj4 ,j #ah4 #ba4 ,k #af4 #bb4 ,j #ag4 #bc4 ,j #af4 #bd4 ,h #ah4 #be4 ,m #ah4 #bf4 ,p #c4 #bg4 ,o #d4 #bh4 ,q #f4 ,?is move has ! same effect z ,r #f4 #bi4 ,j #c4 #cj4 ,c #aj4 #ca4 ,c #f4 #cb4 ,c #d4 #cc4 ,c #h4 #cd4 ,e #aj4 #ce4 ,f #g4 #cf4 ,g #e4 #cg4 ,c #ab4 #ch4 ,d #g4 #ci4 ,d #h4 #dj4 ,c #aa4 ,?is move is v important because x prev5ts ! /one at ,c #ab f mak+ a connection ) t at ,c #h4 #da4 ,e #ab4 #db4 ,f #i4 #dc4 ,f #h4 #dd4 ,h #i4 #de4 ,h #g4 #df4 ,h #ab4 #dg4 ,c #ad4 #dh4 ,k #ai4 #di4 ,m #ae4 #ej4 ,j #e4 #ea4 ,k #g4 #eb4 ,k #i4 #ec4 ,l #c4 #ed4 ,r #h4 ,,iii ,plate #bg ,black has a h&icap ( ?ree /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #d4 #b4 ,p #c4 #c4 ,l #c4 #d4 ,g #c4 #e4 ,q #c4 #f4 ,p #d4 #g4 ,q #f4 #h4 ,m #e4 ,! foll[+ is also good4 ,b4 ,l #e1 ,m #c1 ,m #d ,w4 ,j #c1 ,m #b1 ,q #h ,:ite play+ at ,q #h 9 ord] to prev5t ,black f play+ at ,r #e4 #i4 ,k #d4 #aj4 ,k #f4 #aa4 ,h #d4 #ab4 ,g #d4 #ac4 ,j #f4 #ad4 ,k #g4 #ae4 ,g #f4 #af4 ,r #aa4 ,black _c play at ,r #e )\t see+ ,p #c & #d cut (f4 #ag4 ,r #i4 #ah4 ,q #ad4 #ai4 ,c #f4 #bj4 ,c #d4 #ba4 ,c #ad4 #bb4 ,g #ag4 #bc4 ,c #ag4 #bd4 ,c #af4 #be4 ,d #ag4 #bf4 ,e #af4 #bg4 ,b #af4 #bh4 ,b #ae4 #bi4 ,b #ag4 #cj4 ,c #ae4 #ca4 ,e #ag4 #cb4 ,f #ag4 #cc4 ,d #ad4 #cd4 ,f #ae4 #ce4 ,m #ag4 #cf4 ,c #h4 #cg4 ,e #f4 #ch4 ,d #aa4 #ci4 ,b #ad4 ,! ord9>y answ] #dj4 ,e #h4 to ?is is ,a #ad1 b ?is "t ,black _c play 9 ?is way s9ce ,:ite w\ld foll[ at ,b #ab & ?us ?reat5 ! black /ones at ,c #h & ,d #aa4 #da4 ,j #g4 #db4 ,k #h4 #dc4 ,h #i4 #dd4 ,g #aa4 #de4 ,a #ae4 ,black c\ld n #df4 ,j #aj4 occupy ,a #ad on 8 #db;d & #dd? moves4 #dg4 ,h #c4 #dh4 ,o #ag4 #di4 ,j #ag4 #ej4 ,g #b4 ,?is move is necess>y = ! security ( ! ,black position1 & at ! same "t ,black does n lose ! 8,s5te0 by ?is move4 ,,iv ,plate #bh ,black has a h&icap ( ?ree /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #ad4 #b4 ,r #e4 #c4 ,p #d4 #d4 ,q #c4 #e4 ,p #c4 #f4 ,q #b4 #g4 ,r #g4 ,=m]ly 9 ?is case #h4 ,r #f4 ,:ite play$ at ,l #c & ,black repli$ at ,q #f4 #i4 ,q #g4 #aj4 ,p #e4 #aa4 ,o #ag4 #ab4 ,q #ad4 #ac4 ,q #ac4 #ad4 ,p #ad4 #ae4 ,r #ae4 #af4 ,r #af4 #ag4 ,p #ac4 #ah4 ,o #af4 #ai4 ,n #af4 #bj4 ,p #ag4 #ba4 ,o #ah4 #bb4 ,o #ac4 #bc4 ,o #ab4 #bd4 ,o #ad4 #be4 ,k #ag4 #bf4 ,l #c4 #bg4 ,c #ad4 ,at ?is move ,:ite #bh4 ,l #e4 ab&ons ,p #c & #d4 ,if he repli$ to ,black ,l #c1 !n !re w\ld foll[3 ,b4 ,l #c1 ,l #d1 ,l #e1 ,l #f1 ,g #d ,w4 ,m #d1 ,m #e1 ,m #f1 ,m #g & ,black has a decisive advantage4 #bi4 ,c #h4 #cj4 ,c #f4 #ca4 ,e #ad4 #cb4 ,c #ae4 #cc4 ,b #ad4 #cd4 ,f #af4 #ce4 ,e #b4 #cf4 ,d #b4 #cg4 ,d #c4 #ch4 ,c #c4 #ci4 ,e #c4 #dj4 ,c #b4 #da4 ,j #c4 #db4 ,e #d4 #dc4 ,g #c4 #dd4 ,k #b4 ,! importance ( ?is move1 :5 a t]ritory m]ely has ! protection ( ,l #c-,l #e1 has be5 comm5t$ on be=e4 #de4 ,j #e4 #df4 ,p #f4 #dg4 ,o #h4 #dh4 ,n #ab4 #di4 ,o #aa4 #ej4 ,h #ag4 ,v ,plate #bi ,black has a h&icap ( two /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,r #d4 #b4 ,d #ae4 #c4 ,d #ag4 #d4 ,f #af4 #e4 ,c #ae4 #f4 ,c #ad4 #g4 ,c #af4 #h4 ,d #ad4 #i4 ,c #h4 ,f #ag is j z good4 #aj4 ,e #ah4 ,!n w\ld foll[3 ,b4 ,g #ag ,w4 ,f #ah #aa4 ,d #ah4 #ab4 ,p #c4 #ac4 ,l #c4 #ad4 ,p #f4 #ae4 ,r #g4 #af4 ,j #c4 #ag4 ,l #e4 #ah4 ,j #e4 #ai4 ,l #g4 #bj4 ,r #c4 #ba4 ,s #c4 #bb4 ,q #d4 ,?is move & #bd-,r #b are necess>y because ( ! :ite /ones on l9e ,l4 #bc4 ,r #e4 #bd4 ,r #b4 #be4 ,o #ag4 #bf4 ,c #f4 #bg4 ,d #aa4 #bh4 ,f #ab4 ,?is move is v good1 o!rwise ,:ite plays at ,e #af & breaks into ! ,black position4 #bi4 ,f #i4 #cj4 ,q #ad4 #ca4 ,k #af4 #cb4 ,r #i4 #cc4 ,s #b4 ,if ,black plays at ,r #cd4 ,p #i4 #i1 ?is move is necess>y = ! security ( ! :ite gr\p4 #ce4 ,c #ab4 #cf4 ,e #ag4 #cg4 ,d #af4 #ch4 ,f #ad4 #ci4 ,g #ae4 #dj4 ,f #ae4 #da4 ,h #ag4 #db4 ,j #g4 #dc4 ,o #d4 #dd4 ,q #e4 #de4 ,r #h4 #df4 ,m #f4 #dg4 ,l #f4 #dh4 ,q #i4 #di4 ,f #c4 #ej4 ,e #c4 #ea4 ,g #b4 ,?is is a f9e move4 #eb4 ,k #b4 ,by means ( x ,black is compell$ to play at ,k #b & ,:ite c occupy ,f #e on 8 #ec;d move & ?us escape1 :]eas )\t ,g #b ,:ite c\ld only h play$ at ,f #d1 :]eupon ,black c\ld h cut (f ! retreat at ,f #f4 ,,vi ,plate #cj ,black has a h&icap ( two /ones4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,q #c4 #b4 ,d #ag4 #c4 ,c #ae4 #d4 ,c #ac4 #e4 ,j #ag4 #f4 ,d #ae4 #g4 ,d #af4 #h4 ,e #af4 #i4 ,c #af4 #aj4 ,d #ad4 #aa4 ,c #ag4 #ab4 ,e #ah4 #ac4 ,c #ah4 #ad4 ,l #ag4 ,black c\ld prev5t ,:ite's next move ( ,e #ae by play+ #ad-;,g #ae4 #ae4 ,e #ae4 #af4 ,f #af4 #ag4 ,e #ac4 #ah4 ,e #ad4 #ai4 ,f #ae4 8,%i*o0 is #bj4 ,h #af4 ,?is move makes ! impossible because ,:ite ,black position secure4 already occupies ,q #c4 #ba4 ,f #ad4 #bb4 ,c #aa4 #bc4 ,l #af4 #bd4 ,m #ag4 #be4 ,j #af4 #bf4 ,h #ae4 #bg4 ,g #ac4 #bh4 ,j #ad4 #bi4 ,m #af4 #cj4 ,n #af4 #ca4 ,n #ae4 #cb4 ,o #af4 #cc4 ,l #ad4 #cd4 ,j #ab4 #ce4 ,g #aa4 #cf4 ,d #i4 #cg4 ,h #aj4 #ch4 ,j #aj4 #ci4 ,j #i4 #dj4 ,k #aj4 #da4 ,g #h4 #db4 ,d #f4 #dc4 ,k #i4 #dd4 ,l #aj4 #de4 ,m #h4 #df4 ,n #aj4 #dg4 ,j #ae4 #dh4 ,h #ad4 #di4 ,n #ac4 #ej4 ,j #c4 ,:ite c\ld n occupy ?is po9t )\t endang]+ ! upp] position4 #ea4 ,l #c4 #eb4 ,j #e4 #ec4 ,p #h4 #ed4 ,p #aj4 #ee4 ,q #ac4 #ef4 ,l #e4 ,black does n ne$ to fur!r def5d 8 position ,e #ag-,p #aj1 because x surely has two 8,me40 ,,vii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #ca ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 #b4 ,q #c4 #c4 ,d #ag4 #d4 ,e #c4 #e4 ,d #e4 #f4 ,r #af4 #g4 ,r #e4 #h4 ,o #ag4 #i4 ,f #d4 #aj4 ,g #c4 #aa4 ,o #d4 #ab4 ,o #c4 ,f "h ! game might cont9ue z foll[s3 ,b4 ,w4 ,n #c ,p #d ,o #b ,p #c ,n #d ,q #f ,r #g ,k #c b ?is is bad = ,black4 #ac4 ,p #d4 #ad4 ,p #c4 #ae4 ,n #d4 ,m #c w\ld be j z #af4 ,r #d4 good4 #ag4 ,n #c4 #ah4 ,s #e4 #ai4 ,j #c4 #bj4 ,c #aa4 ,:ite ab&ons ! /ones at ,e #c & ,g #c4 ,if he 7 to play at ,g #d1 ,black w\ld reply at ,c #aa ) too great an advantage4 #ba4 ,c #ad4 #bb4 ,c #h4 #bc4 ,d #c4 #bd4 ,j #ag4 #be4 ,g #ag4 #bf4 ,j #ae4 #bg4 ,j #e4 ,n[ ! two :ite #bh4 ,q #ab4 /ones are cut (f4 #bi4 ,l #ae4 ,black _c v5ture #cj4 ,l #ag4 any f>!r 94 #ca4 ,p #af4 #cb4 ,p #ag4 #cc4 ,q #af4 #cd4 ,q #ag4 #ce4 ,r #ae4 #cf4 ,s #af4 #cg4 ,p #ac4 #ch4 ,p #ab4 #ci4 ,n #ac4 #dj4 ,o #ac4 #da4 ,o #ad4 #db4 ,o #ab4 #dc4 ,l #ac4 #dd4 ,r #f4 #de4 ,d #g4 ,,viii ,no ,h&icap ,plate #cb ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 #b4 ,c #af4 #c4 ,q #c4 #d4 ,r #e4 #e4 ,r #i4 #f4 ,o #e4 #g4 ,n #c4 #h4 ,r #ab4 #i4 ,p #i4 #aj4 ,q #af4 #aa4 ,r #d4 #ab4 ,q #e4 #ac4 ,p #d4 #ad4 ,p #e4 #ae4 ,m #d4 #af4 ,m #g4 #ag4 ,o #ag4 #ah4 ,e #af4 #ai4 ,c #aj4 #bj4 ,e #c4 #ba4 ,d #e4 #bb4 ,k #ag4 #bc4 ,r #ag4 #bd4 ,q #ag4 #be4 ,r #af4 #bf4 ,q #ae4 #bg4 ,q #ah4 #bh4 ,p #ah4 #bi4 ,r #ah4 #cj4 ,p #ag4 #ca4 ,r #ad4 #cb4 ,q #ad4 #cc4 ,r #ac4 #cd4 ,q #ac4 #ce4 ,s #ab4 #cf4 ,k #ae4 #cg4 ,c #ac4 #ch4 ,e #ac4 #ci4 ,q #ab4 #dj4 ,r #ae4 #da4 ,s #ae4 #db4 ,s #af4 #dc4 ,s #ad4 #dd4 ,p #ab4 #de4 ,r #aa4 ,takes4 #df4 ,m #e4 ,?is move is necess>y because ,black's position above x has become /rong4 #dg4 ,o #ac4 ,! cont9uation w\ld n[ be ei!r #dh ,p #ac1 #di ,o #ae1 or #dh ,o #ae1 #di ,p #ac4 ,,ix ,no ,h&icap ,plate #cc ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 #b4 ,q #c4 #c4 ,d #ag4 #d4 ,e #c4 #e4 ,r #af4 #f4 ,c #ae4 #g4 ,d #e4 #h4 ,p #ag4 #i4 ,f #d4 #aj4 ,c #aa4 ,:ite _c play #aj at ,g #c because ,black w\ld !n occupy ,c #aa4 #aa4 ,f #c4 #ab4 ,k #c4 #ac4 ,r #e4 #ad4 ,o #d4 #ae4 ,f #af4 #af4 ,h #ag4 #ag4 ,c #ac4 #ah4 ,c #h4 ,ab&on+ ! /one at ,c #ae4 #ai4 ,c #af4 #bj4 ,r #ac4 #ba4 ,q #ae4 #bb4 ,n #af4 #bc4 ,q #ag4 #bd4 ,p #ah4 #be4 ,r #i4 ,if #be 7 play$ at #bf4 ,p #ad4 ,q #h1 #bf ,r #h w\ld be ! result4 #bg4 ,o #af4 #bh4 ,o #ae4 #bi4 ,p #af4 #cj4 ,n #ag4 #ca4 ,q #ah4 #cb4 ,r #g4 #cc4 ,s #g4 ,?is move insures a #cd4 ,e #d4 ,?is move rescues ,no4 connection betwe5 ! #d4 /ones at ,r #e & ,r #i4 #ce4 ,e #b4 #cf4 ,d #b4 #cg4 ,g #b4 #ch4 ,e #e4 #ci4 ,d #c4 #dj4 ,d #f4 #da4 ,c #c4 #db4 ,h #ae4 #dc4 ,q #g4 #dd4 ,n #ac4 ,?is prev5ts ,black f cutt+ at ,n #ae & ,q #ac4 #de4 ,f #ad4 #df4 ,c #f4 #dg4 ,g #ac4 ,x ,no ,h&icap ,plate #cd ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,c #d4 #b4 ,q #c4 #c4 ,d #ag4 #d4 ,e #c4 #e4 ,r #af4 #f4 ,c #ae4 #g4 ,d #e4 #h4 ,f #af4 #i4 ,d #ae4 #aj4 ,d #af4 #aa4 ,e #af4 #ab4 ,c #af4 #ac4 ,e #ag4 #ad4 ,e #ae4 #ae4 ,d #ad4 #af4 ,c #ag4 #ag4 ,f #ag4 #ah4 ,g #af4 #ai4 ,h #ah4 ,?is move is mu* #bj4 ,c #ad4 bett] ?an ,g #ag4 #ba4 ,e #ad4 #bb4 ,f #ae4 #bc4 ,f #ad4 #bd4 ,h #af4 #be4 ,j #ag4 #bf4 ,g #ah4 #bg4 ,f #ah4 #bh4 ,g #ad4 #bi4 ,e #ab4 #cj4 ,c #aa4 #ca4 ,g #ac4 #cb4 ,h #ac4 #cc4 ,g #ab4 ,h #ad w\ld be bad4 #cd4 ,j #ad4 #ce4 ,m #ag4 #cf4 ,j #aa #cg4 ,g #aj4 #ch4 ,q #e4 #ci4 ,r #aj4 #dj4 ,r #h4 #da4 ,p #af4 #db4 ,j #c4 #dc4 ,p #aj4 #dd4 ,p #ab4 #de4 ,r #ab4 #df4 ,r #ag4 ,a sacrifice4 #dg4 ,q #ag4 #dh4 ,d #h4 #di4 ,h #i4 #ej4 ,n #ab4 ,,vii ,,! ,,end ,,game ,a "w on ! game ( ,g w\ld n be complete )\t a *apt] especially devot$ to ! subject ( ! end game4 ,on ! av]age a game ( ,g consi/s ( ab\t two hundr$ & fifty moves1 & we might say t ab\t tw5ty ( ^! moves belong to ! op5+1 ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty to ! ma9 "p ( ! game1 & ! rema9+ eighty to ! end game4 ,! moves :i* may be reg>d$ z belong+ to ! end game are ^? :i* connect ! v>i\s gr\ps ( /ones ) ! m>g91 & :i* fill up ! space betwe5 ! oppos+ gr\ps ( /ones4 ,( c\rse1 !re is no %>p di/9ction betwe5 ! ma9 game & ! end game4 ,long be=e ! ma9 game is f9i%$ moves occur :i* be> ! *>act]i/ics ( end game play1 & z ! game progresses moves ( ?is k9d become m & m frequ5t1 until at la/ all ( ! moves are /rictly "p ( ! end game4 ,t[>d ! end ( ! game x becomes possible to calculate ! value ( a move ) great] accuracy ?an 9 ! middle ( ! game1 & 9 _m cases ! numb] ( po9ts :i* may be ga9$ by a c]ta9 move may be asc]ta9$ ) absolute accuracy4 ,!re=e1 :5 ! ma9 game is ne>+ completion1 ! play]s survey ! bo>d 9 ord] to locate ! mo/ advantage\s end plays2 t is to say1 positions :]e !y c ga9 ! greate/ numb] ( 8,me40 ,9 calculat+ ! value ( an end position1 a play] mu/ c>efully consid] :e!r on its completion he w reta9 or lose ! 8,s5te40 ,x is an advantage to reta9 ! 8,s5te10 & x is g5]ally good play to *oose an end position :]e ! 8,s5te0 is reta9$1 9 pref]5ce to an end position :]e x is lo/1 ev5 if ! latt] w\ld ga9 a few m 8,me40 ,! play] hold+ ! 8,s5te0 w\ld1 !re=e1 complete 9 rotation ^? end positions :i* all[$ him to reta9 x1 comm5c+1 ( c\rse1 ) ^? involv+ ! greate/ numb] ( 8,me40 ,he w\ld at la/ come to a po9t1 h[ev]1 :]e x w\ld be m advantage\s to play "s end position :i* ga9$ = him q a numb] ( po9ts1 al?\gh on its completion ! 8,s5te0 w\ld be lo/4 ,8 adv]s>y1 !reupon ga9+ ! 8,s5te10 w\ld1 9 turn1 play 8 s]ies ( end positions until x became advantage\s = him to rel9qui% x4 ,by ?is process ! value ( ! conte/$ end positions w\ld become small] & small]1 until at la/ !re w\ld rema9 only ! fill+ ( isolat$1 vacant int]sections betwe5 ! oppos+ l9es1 ! occupation ( :i* results 9 no advantage = ei!r play]4 ,^! moves are call$ 8,dame10 z we h already se54 ,?is is ! g5]al s*eme ( an end game1 b1 ( c\rse1 9 actual play !re w\ld be _m dep>tures !refrom4 ,sometimes an advantage c be ga9$ by mak+ an uns\nd ?\gh dang]\s move1 9 ! hope t ! adv]s>y may make "s error 9 reply+ !reto4 ,!n aga91 9 play+ aga9/ a play] :o lacks initiative1 x is n s necess>y to consid] ! c]ta9ty ( reta9+ ! 8,s5te0 z :5 oppos$ by a m aggressive adv]s>y4 ,frequ5tly also ! play]s diff] 9 _! e/imate ( ! value ( ! v>i\s end positions1 & d n1 !re=e1 respond to ea* o!r's attacks4 ,9 ?is way ! possession ( ! 8,s5te0 g5]ally *anges m frequ5tly dur+ ! end game ?an is logically necess>y4 ,! process ( connect+ ! v>i\s gr\ps ) ! edge ( ! bo>d gives rise to end positions 9 :i* !re is m or less simil>ity 9 all games1 & mo/ ( ! illu/rations :i* are n[ giv5 are examples ( ?is class4 ,! end positions :i* occur 9 ! middle ( ! bo>d may v>y s mu* 9 e game t x is practically impossible to give typical illu/rations ( !m4 ,( c\rse1 9 an introductory "w ( ?is "* x is n practicable to give a great _m examples ( end positions1 & ,i h prep>$ only twelve1 :i* are select$ f ! "w ( ,in\ye ,ho%91 & :i* are annotat$ s t ! reasons = ! moves may be und]/ood by beg9n]s4 ,! numb] ( 8,me0 ga9$ 9 ea* case is /at$1 & also :e!r ! 8,s5te0 is lo/ or reta9$4 ,to ^! twelve examples ,i h add$ eight positions f ,kors*elt's "w4 ,i ,plate #ce 7,a7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,s #ae1 ,r #ad1 ,p #ad1 ,l #ag2 ,black1 ,r #af1 ,q #af1 ,n #ae1 ,n #ag4 ,if ,:ite has ! 8,s5te10 he ga9s eight 8,me10 c\nt+ toge!r :at he w9s & ,black loses4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,s #ag4 ,?is is ,:ite's only #b4 ,s #af4 ,if ,black _h _h ! good move2 ,s #af does n move or 8,s5te10 he c\ld take advantage ( ! h avoid$ ,:ite's opportunity1 & he _c invasion by play+ "h4 risk ,s #ah4 #c4 ,t #af4 ,an in/ance ( #d4 ,r #ag4 8,wat>i40 #e4 ,s #ah4 ,:ite _c v5ture #f4 ,r #ah4 ,if ,black neglects to play at ,r #ah4 ?is1 ,:ite w\ld jump to ,q #ah4 ,:ite reta9s ! 8,s5te40 ,,ii ,plate #ce 7,b7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,r #i1 ,o #e1 ,o #c2 ,black1 ,p #g1 ,q #c1 ,q #d1 ,r #g4 ,if ,:ite has ! fir/ move1 x makes a diff]5ce ( six 8,me40 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,p #b4 #b4 ,q #b4 #c4 ,q #a4 #d4 ,r4#a #e4 ,p #a4 #f4 ,s #b4 ,black _c neglect ?is move4 ,:ite reta9s ! 8,s5te40 ,if ,black _h _h ! fir/ move1 ! play w\ld h be5 z foll[s3 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,p #b4 #b4 ,o #b4 #c4 ,o #a4 #d4 ,n #a4 #e4 ,p #a4 #f4 ,m #b4 ,& ,black has ! 8,s5te40 ,,iii ,plate #ce 7,c7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,b #af1 ,c #ad1 ,e #ae2 ,black1 ,c #ag1 ,d #af1 ,e #af1 ,g #ag4 ,if ,:ite has ! move1 x makes a diff]5ce ( sev5 8,me40 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,b #ag4 ,:ite d>e n g to #b4 ,b #ah4 ,b #ah because he w\ld be cut (f ev5tually at ,b #ae4 #c4 ,a #ah4 #d4 ,c #ah4 ,:ite reta9s ! 8,s5te40 ,,iv ,plate #ce 7,d7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,b #h1 ,c #g1 ,c #h1 ,d #f1 ,e #b1 ,e #f1 ,f #c1 ,f #e2 ,black1 ,b #f1 ,b #g1 ,c #f1 ,d #b1 #c1 #d1 #e4 ,if ,:ite has ! move1 x makes a diff]5ce ( f\r 8,me40 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,b #d4 ,?is /one is #b4 ,b #c4 ,black's be/ move sacrific$1 b !re is because x def5ds ! no loss because x is s connection at ,c #e1 & ?reat5+ t ,black also prev5ts ,:ite f mu/ play twice 9 ord] try+ to connect at ,d #a4 to make 8 position secure1 mean:ile ,:ite advances on l9e ,a4 #c4 ,a #g4 ,:ite ga9s "o 8,me0 #d4 ,a #f4 by ?is move4 #e4 ,a #h4 #f4 ,c #d4 ,necess>y because ! connection at ,c #e is n[ 9 imm$iate dang]1 b ,black !reby fills up ano!r ( 8 8,me10 & ,:ite reta9s ! 8,s5te40 ,v ,plate #cf 7,a7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,m #af1 ,m #ag1 ,m #ah1 ,n #af1 ,o #ae1 ,p #ad1 ,r #ad2 ,black1 ,n #ag1 ,n #ah1 ,o #af1 ,p #af1 ,q #af1 ,r #af4 ,if ,:ite has ! 8,s5te10 x makes a diff]5ce ( six 8,me40 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,n #ai4 #b4 ,o #ah4 ,black _c /op ! invasion at ,o #ai1 z ,:ite w\ld !n play at ,o #ah & kill ! black /ones on l9e ,n4 #c4 ,o #ai4 ,:ite pu%es 8 #d4 ,p #ai4 ,black c n[ arre/ invasion f>!r4 ! advance4 #e4 ,m #ai4 #f4 ,p #ah4 ,:ite reta9s ! 8,s5te40 ,,vi ,plate #cf 7,b7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,black1 ,m #b1 ,m #c1 ,n #c1 ,n #d1 ,o #d1 ,q #d1 ,r #d1 ,s #d2 ,:ite1 ,l #c1 ,n #b1 ,o #b1 ,o #c1 ,p #c1 ,r #b1 ,s #c1 ,r #f4 ,black has ! 8,s5te0 & ga9s n9e 8,me40 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,t #c4 #b4 ,q #b4 ,! obvi\s answ] is at ,t #b1 b if ,:ite plays !re1 ,black replies at ,q #b & ,:ite loses all 8 /ones unless he c w9 by 8,ko40 ,he plays at ,q #b 9 ord] to =m ! necess>y two 8,me40 #c4 ,s #b4 ,black proce$s ) #d4 ,p #a4 ,if ,:ite tries to 8 invasion4 save 8 /one by play+ at ,r #c1 ,black replies at ,p #a1 & ! :ite gr\p is dead4 ,black reta9s ! 8,s5te40 ,,vii ,plate #cf 7,c7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,black1 ,b #ag1 ,c #ag1 ,d #af1 ,g #ag2 ,:ite1 ,b #af1 ,c #ac4 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,b #ad4 ,?is move is really #b4 ,c #ad4 ,c #ae is n s good4 8,g te02 t is to say1 ,:ite is n =c$ to reply to x1 b x is v advantage\s = ,black1 z x effectively sep>ates ,:ite's two /ones4 #c4 ,b #ae4 ,! :ite /one at ,b #af is n[ hopeless4 ,black has giv5 up ! 8,s5te10 b has ga9$ consid]able gr\nd4 ,,viii ,plate #cf 7,d7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,black1 ,c #d1 ,d #d1 ,e #d1 ,c #g2 ,:ite1 ,c #c1 ,d #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #c4 ,black has ! move4 ,,black ,,:ite #a4 ,b #c4 #b4 ,b #b4 #c4 ,b #d4 ,^! moves seem obvi\s1 b ! importance ( ,black's opportunity is likely to be und]e/imat$2 ,black ga9s ab\t elev5 8,me0 by ?is play4 ,if ! oppos+ l9es ext5d "o space ne>] ! edge ( ! bo>d1 ! t]ritory ga9$ by a simil> attack is n ne>ly s great4 ,,ix ,plate #cg 7,a7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,m #af1 ,n #af1 ,n #ah1 ,o #ag1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ag1 #ah2 ,black1 ,n #ae1 ,o #ae1 #af1 ,p #af1 #ag1 ,q #af1 ,r #ab1 ,r #ag4 ,:ite has ! move4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,s #ag4 #b4 ,s #af4 #c4 ,r #ah4 #d4 ,r #af4 #e4 ,t #ah4 ,:ite has giv5 up ! 8,s5te10 b ^! moves make a diff]5ce 9 8 favor ( ab\t f\rte5 8,me40 ,x ,plate #cg 7,b7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,m #c1 ,o #c1 ,p #b1 ,q #c1 ,r #b2 ,black1 ,n #d1 ,o #d1 ,q #e1 ,r #c1 ,r #d4 ,:ite has ! move4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,s #b4 ,?is move is really 8,g te10 b if ,black neglects to answ] x1 ,:ite c !n jump to ,t #e4 ,?is jump is call$ by a special "n 8,o z>u10 or ! 8big monkey10 & w\ld ga9 ab\t eight 8,me0 = ,:ite4 ,,xi ,plate #cg 7,c7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,c #ae1 ,d #ae1 ,e #ae1 #af2 ,black1 ,c #af1 ,d #af1 ,e #ag1 #ah1 ,f #af1 ,g #ag4 ,:ite has ! move4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,b #af4 #b4 ,b #ag4 #c4 ,b #ae4 ,:ite has giv5 up ! 8,s5te0 & has ga9$ some:at1 b if ,black n[ neglects to def5d & plays else:]e1 ,:ite c jump to ,b #ah1 & ga9 ab\t sev5te5 8,me0 altoge!r4 ,,xii ,plate #cg 7,d7 ,! foll[+ /ones are on ! bo>d3 ,:ite1 ,b #h1 ,c #g1 #aa1 ,d #e1 #f1 #g1 ,e #f2 ,black1 ,b #g1 ,c #e1 #f1 ,d #c1 #d1 ,e #d1 #e4 ,:ite has ! move4 ,,:ite ,,black #a4 ,b #f4 #b4 ,b #e4 #c4 ,a #g4 ,takes4 ,:ite has giv5 up ! 8,s5te10 b ?is me?od ( play ga9s ab\t f\rte5 8,me10 z x is n[ no long] necess>y to protect ! connection at ,c #h4 ,we w n[ ins]t two plates f ,kors*elt's book4 ,! notes at ! foot ( ! illu/rations are 84 ,,viii ,,problems ,aft] ! /ud5t has become famili> ) ! rules & ! me?ods ( play1 & p]haps has play$ a few games ei!r ) ano!r beg9n] or ) a ,japanese ma/]1 ! impression left on ! m9d is likely to be t ! game is too vague1 & t !re is too wide a latitude ( *oice ( positions :]e /ones may be plac$4 ,?is impression might be correct$ by ! /udy ( illu/rative games1 or ( 8,joseki0 & end positions1 b su* a c\rse is r dry & un9t]e/+1 &1 9 ! op9ion ( ! au?or1 by f> ! be/ way ( atta9+ a correct idea ( ! game is by means ( problems4 ,_m ( u are famili> ) ,*ess problems1 & ,i ?9k ,*ess play]s w agree t !y b5efit ! /ud5t ( ,*ess v little1 because ! assum$ positions are n su* z arise frequ5tly 9 actual play4 ,! opposite is ! case 9 reg>d to ,g problems4 ,^! are = ! mo/ "p tak5 f actual games1 & ! typical problem is a situation t is q likely to arise 9 actual play1 & "s ( !m are positions t occur aga9 & aga94 ,if ! /ud5t ( ! game w set up ^! positions f ! text & attempt to solve !m1 pref]ably ) ! aid & enc\ragem5t ( "s fri5d1 he w f9d t ! task is an int]e/+ "o1 & he w be impress$ by ! great accuracy :i* is necess>y 9 attack+ & def5d+ difficult positions4 ,) ! k obta9$ 9 ?is way1 he w be able to judge ) f> great] skill :at to d :5 a position is ?reat5$ 9 actual play4 ,he w be able to di/+ui% :e!r ! dang] is real1 & :e!r x is1 !re=e1 necess>y to reply to 8 adv]s>y's attack1 or :e!r he c af=d to ignore x & assume ! 8,s5te0 9 "s o!r "p ( ! bo>d4 ,he w also be able to p]ceive :5 an adv]s>y's gr\p is vuln]able s t x w be pr(itable to attack x4 ,! collection ( problems :i* ,i h giv5 9 ?is book are re>rang$ f ,kors*elt's "w1 & !y 7 9 turn tak5 by him f a ,japanese treatise call$ 8,g ,kiyo ,%iyu ,miyo40 ,necess>ily ! collection "h giv5 is a v small "o1 b if any read] ( ?is book becomes s mu* int]e/$ 9 ! game t he desires to /udy o!r examples1 he w d\btless f9d "s ,japanese acqua9tance :o c supply him ) fur!r mat]ial1 z ! ,japanese lit]ature ( ! game conta9s l>ge collections4 ,! mo/ important k9d ( problems are ^? 9 :i* ! "q is h[ to kill an adv]s>y's gr\p1 or h[ to save "o's own gr\p :5 ?reat5$4 ,x is also (t5 v important to "k h[ a connection betwe5 two gr\ps c be =c$4 ,= great] cle>ness ^! problems are arrang$ "u sev5 heads2 to wit1 #a4 ,sav+ ,?reat5$ ,gr\ps4 #b4 ,kill+ ,gr\ps4 #c4 ,play+ = 8,ko40 ,! advantage ga9$ by ?is op]ation is n app>5t 9 ! gr\p itself1 b dep5ds ^u :i* play] has ! l>g] ?reat5$ gr\p else:]e4 #d4 ,reciprocal ,attacks or 8,semeai40 ,?is is a comb9ation ( ! fir/ two k9ds ( problems1 & x only diff]s f !m 9 t bo? play]s h comp>atively /rong gr\ps :i* are s int]tw9$ t bo? _c live1 & ! "q is1 :i* c kill ! o!r fir/4 #e4 ,connect+ ,gr\ps4 ,! problem "h is to =ce a connection betwe5 a small gr\p hav+ insuffici5t 8,me0 & "s l>g] gr\p4 #f4 8,oi oto%i40 ,?is really means a 8robb]'s attack40 ,x arises :]e a gr\p is app>5tly engulf$ by ! oppon5t1 & :51 by add+ fur!r /ones to x :i* ! oppon5t mu/ take1 ! ?reat5$ play] c =ce 8 oppon5t to ab&on a "p ( 8 surr\nd+ *a9 9 ord] n to su/a9 great] losses4 ,! attack is s sudd5 & unexpect$ t ! ,japanese comp>e x to ! me?ods ( a highwayman4 ,x is an example ( ! f9e/ play 9 ! game4 #g4 ,cutt+4 ,?is is ano!r me?od ( escape1 & ! problem is to cut (f & kill "p ( ! adv]s>y's surr\nd+ *a94 ,9 ! foll[+ examples ! side hav+ ! fir/ move is giv5 9 italics4 ,i4 ,,sav+ ,,?reat5$ ,,gr\ps #a4 7,plate #dj1 ,a7 ,:ite1 ,q #ah1 ,r #ah1 ,s #af1 #ag1 #ah4 ,black1 ,o #ag1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ag1 ,r #ae1 #ag1 ,s #ae4 #b4 7,plate #dj1 ,b7 ,:ite1 ,o #c1 ,q #c1 #d1 ,r #c1 #e1 ,s #e4 ,black1 ,r #b1 #d1 ,s #c1 #d4 #c4 7,plate #dj1 ,c7 ,:ite1 ,a #ad1 ,b #aa1 #ac1 ,c #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 #ag1 ,d #ag1 #ah1 ,e #af1 ,f #ag4 ,black1 ,a #ac1 ,b #ad1 #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,c #af1 #ah4 #d4 7,plate #dj1 ,d7 ,:ite1 ,b #c1 ,c #c1 ,d #b1 ,e #b4 ,black1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 ,d #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #b1 ,g #c4 #e4 ,:ite1 ,b #e1 ,c #d1 ,d #e1 ,e #b1 #c1 #d1 ,g #b4 ,black1 ,b #c1 #d1 ,d #b1 #c1 ,e #a4 #f4 ,:ite1 ,b #ab1 #ac1 #ae1 #af1 ,c #ac1 #ae1 ,d #ac1 #ad4 ,black1 ,a #af1 ,b #aa1 #ag1 ,c #aj1 #ab1 #af1 ,d #ab1 #ae1 #af1 ,e #ac1 #ad4 #g4 ,:ite1 ,m #af1 #ag1 ,n #af1 ,o #ae1 #ag1 ,p #ad1 #ag1 ,q #ah1 ,r #ad1 ,s #ae4 ,black1 ,n #ag1 ,o #af1 ,p #af1 ,q #af1 ,r #af1 ,s #af1 #ah4 #h4 ,:ite1 ,o #a1 ,p #b1 ,q #b1 #c1 ,r #c1 ,s #c1 #d4 ,black1 ,n #b1 ,o #b1 ,p #a1 #c1 #d1 ,q #d1 ,r #d1 #f1 ,s #e1 ,t #d4 #i4 ,:ite1 ,a #d1 ,b #e1 #f1 ,c #d1 ,d #e1 ,e #b1 #c1 #d4 ,black1 ,a #e1 ,b #c1 #d1 ,c #c1 ,d #b1 #c4 #aj4 ,:ite1 ,b #ae1 #af1 ,c #ag1 #ah1 ,d #ah4 ,black1 ,a #ae1 ,b #ad1 ,c #ad1 #ae1 #af1 ,d #ag1 ,e #ag1 #ah4 #aa4 ,:ite1 ,l #ah1 ,m #af1 #ag1 ,n #ad1 #ah1 ,o #ac1 #ai1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ab1 #ac1 #ag1 #ah1 ,r #ab1 #ad1 #ah1 ,s #ad1 #ag1 #ai4 ,black1 ,n #ag1 ,o #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,p #ad1 #ag1 ,q #ad1 #ae1 #af1 ,r #ac1 #af1 #ag1 ,s #ac1 #ah4 #ab4 ,:ite1 ,q #c1 ,r #b1 #c1 ,s #c4 ,black1 ,p #b1 #c1 #e1 ,q #b1 #d1 ,r #e1 #g4 #ac4 ,:ite1 ,b #b1 ,c #c1 ,d #a1 #c1 ,e #b4 ,black1 ,b #d1 ,c #e1 ,d #d1 ,e #c1 #d1 ,f #a1 #b1 ,g #c4 #ad4 ,:ite1 ,a #af1 ,b #ae1 ,c #ae1 #af1 ,d #ag1 ,e #ag1 ,f #ah1 ,g #ah4 ,black1 ,b #af1 #ag1 ,c #ag1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ah1 ,f #ai4 #ae4 ,:ite1 ,q #ae1 ,r #ad1 #ae1 #af1 ,s #ag4 ,black1 ,p #ae1 #ag1 ,q #ac1 #ad1 #af1 ,r #aa1 #ab1 #ag1 #ah4 #af4 ,:ite1 ,r #c1 #d1 #e1 ,s #b4 ,black1 ,o #c1 ,p #c1 ,q #d1 #f1 ,r #f1 ,s #f1 ,t #c4 #ag4 ,:ite1 ,b #d1 ,c #c1 #d1 #e1 ,e #d1 ,f #b1 #c1 ,h #b4 ,black1 ,b #c1 ,c #b1 ,d #c1 ,e #b1 ,f #a4 #ah4 ,:ite1 ,c #ac1 #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,e #ad1 #ae1 #af4 ,black1 ,b #ad1 #ae1 ,c #ab1 #ad1 ,d #ac1 #ag1 ,e #ab1 #ag1 ,f #ae1 #af1 ,g #ac4 #ai4 ,:ite1 ,m #ag1 ,n #ah1 ,o #ag1 #ai1 ,p #ae1 #ag1 ,r #ad1 #af1 ,s #af4 ,black1 ,o #ah1 ,p #ah1 ,q #af1 #ag1 ,r #ag1 ,s #ag4 #bj4 ,:ite1 ,p #b1 #c1 #f1 ,q #b1 #d1 ,r #b1 #d1 #f1 #g4 ,black1 ,q #c1 ,r #a1 #c1 #i1 ,s #b1 #d1 #e4 #ba4 ,:ite1 ,b #ac1 #ad1 #af1 ,c #ac1 ,d #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 #ah1 ,e #af1 #ag4 ,black1 ,b #ae1 ,c #ad1 #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,d #af4 #bb4 ,:ite1 ,c #g1 ,d #c1 #e1 #f1 ,e #b1 #c1 #g1 ,f #e4 ,black1 ,c #b1 #d1 #e1 #f1 #i1 #aj1 ,d #b1 ,e #h1 ,f #b1 #h1 ,g #c1 #e1 #f1 ,j #c4 #bc4 ,:ite1 ,o #b1 #c1 #d1 #f1 ,q #d1 ,r #d1 #f1 ,s #e1 ,t #d4 ,black1 ,p #b1 #c1 ,r #c1 ,s #c1 #d4 #bd4 ,:ite1 ,q #ag1 ,r #af1 #ag1 ,s #ah4 ,black1 ,n #ag1 ,o #ag1 ,p #af1 ,q #af1 ,r #ae1 ,s #af1 #ag4 ,,ii4 ,,kill+ ,,gr\ps #a4 7,plate #da1 ,a7 ,:ite1 ,o #ag1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ad1 #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,r #ac1 ,s #ac1 #ad1 #ae4 ,black1 ,q #ah1 ,r #ad1 #ae1 #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,s #af1 ,t #ae4 #b4 7,plate #da1 ,b7 ,:ite1 ,p #e1 ,q #c1 ,r #b1 #e1 ,s #e1 #f4 ,black1 ,o #b1 ,p #c1 #d1 #f1 ,q #b1 #e1 ,r #f1 #g1 ,s #h4 #c4 7,plate #da1 ,c7 ,:ite1 ,b #ae1 #ah1 ,c #af1 #ag4 ,black1 ,b #ad1 ,c #ad1 ,d #ae1 #af1 #ag1 #ah4 #d4 7,plate #da1 ,d7 ,:ite1 ,b #d1 ,c #c1 #d1 ,e #a1 #c1 ,f #b1 #d1 ,g #b4 ,black1 ,a #c1 ,b #b1 #c1 ,c #b1 ,d #b1 ,e #b1 ,f #a4 #e4 ,:ite1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 ,d #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #b1 ,g #c4 ,black1 ,a #c1 ,b #c1 ,c #b1 ,d #b1 ,e #b4 #f4 ,:ite1 ,b #af1 ,c #aj1 ,d #ac1 #ae1 #af1 #ag4 ,black1 ,b #ad1 ,c #ab1 #ae1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ab1 ,f #ad1 #ae1 #ag1 ,g #ag4 #g4 ,:ite1 ,p #ag1 #ah1 ,q #ae1 #af1 ,r #ac1 #ae4 ,black1 ,q #ag1 #ah1 ,r #af1 ,s #af4 #h4 ,:ite1 ,q #a1 ,r #b1 #c1 #e1 ,s #e4 ,black1 ,o #b1 ,q #b1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f1 ,r #g1 ,s #g4 #i4 ,:ite1 ,b #e1 ,c #e1 #h1 ,d #e1 ,e #b1 #d1 ,f #b1 #c1 #d4 ,black1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 ,d #b1 #c1 ,e #c4 #aj4 ,:ite1 ,b #ae1 ,c #ae1 #ag1 #ah4 ,black1 ,b #ad1 ,c #ab1 #ad1 ,d #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,f #ag4 #aa4 ,:ite1 ,m #af1 ,o #ae1 #af1 #ah1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ad1 ,r #ab1 #ae1 #ah1 ,s #af4 ,black1 ,l #af1 ,p #af1 #ag1 ,q #af1 #ah1 ,s #ag1 #ah4 #ab4 ,:ite1 ,q #b1 ,r #b1 ,s #c1 #d1 #e4 ,black1 ,p #b1 #c1 ,q #c1 ,r #d1 #e1 #g1 ,s #f4 #ac4 ,:ite1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 #f1 ,d #d1 ,e #c1 ,f #c1 ,g #b1 ,h #c4 ,black1 ,b #c1 ,c #c1 ,d #c1 ,e #b1 ,f #b4 #ad4 ,:ite1 ,c #ag1 #ah1 ,e #af1 #ag1 ,f #ae1 ,g #af1 ,h #af1 #ag1 ,k #af4 ,black1 ,b #ag1 #ah1 ,c #af1 ,d #ad1 #af1 #ag1 ,e #ac1 #ae1 ,g #ad1 #ae1 #ag1 ,j #ad1 #ae1 ,k #ag1 ,l #af4 #ae4 ,:ite1 ,n #ag1 ,p #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,q #ae1 ,r #ac1 #ae1 ,s #ad4 ,black1 ,q #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,r #af1 ,s #ae4 #af4 ,:ite1 ,p #b1 ,q #b1 ,r #c4 ,black1 ,n #c1 ,o #c1 ,q #c1 #d1 ,r #e4 #ag4 ,:ite1 ,b #af1 #ag1 ,c #ag1 ,d #ah1 #ai4 ,black1 ,c #ab1 #ad1 #af1 ,d #af1 #ag1 ,e #ah1 ,f #ag4 #ah4 ,:ite1 ,h #c1 ,k #c1 #d1 ,m #c1 ,n #d1 ,o #b1 ,p #c1 #d1 ,q #f1 ,r #e1 ,s #a1 #d4 ,black1 ,p #a1 #b1 ,q #c1 ,r #b1 #c1 ,s #c4 #ai4 ,:ite1 ,m #ag1 ,o #af1 #ag1 ,p #ae1 ,r #ac1 #ae1 ,s #ae1 #af4 ,black1 ,p #af1 ,q #af1 #ah1 ,r #af1 ,s #ag4 ,,iii4 ,,play+ ,,= 8,,ko0 #a4 7,plate #db1 ,a7 ,:ite1 ,o #af1 ,p #ag1 #ah1 ,q #af1 ,r #ad1 #af1 ,s #ae4 ,black1 ,q #ag1 #ah1 ,r #ag1 ,s #af4 #b4 7,plate #db1 ,b7 ,:ite1 ,o #d1 #e1 ,p #b1 #c1 #f1 ,r #b1 #f1 #g1 ,s #c1 #e4 ,black1 ,l #c1 ,n #c1 ,o #c1 ,p #d1 ,q #d1 ,r #d1 #i1 ,s #d1 #g1 ,t #d4 #c4 7,plate #db1 ,c7 ,:ite1 ,b #af1 #ag1 ,c #ah4 ,black1 ,c #ac1 #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ag4 #d4 7,plate #db1 ,d7 ,:ite1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 ,d #d1 ,e #c1 #d1 ,f #b1 ,g #d4 ,black1 ,c #b1 #c1 ,d #c1 ,e #b4 #e4 ,:ite1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 ,d #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #b1 #c4 ,black1 ,b #c1 ,c #a1 #c1 ,d #b1 ,e #b4 #f4 ,:ite1 ,c #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,d #ah4 ,black1 ,b #ad1 ,c #ab1 #ad1 ,d #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,e #ah1 ,f #ag4 #g4 ,:ite1 ,p #ag1 #ah1 ,q #ag1 ,r #ae1 #af1 ,s #ae4 ,black1 ,q #ah1 ,r #ag1 #ai1 ,s #af1 #ag4 #h4 ,:ite1 ,q #c1 ,r #c1 ,s #d4 ,black1 ,o #c1 ,p #c1 ,q #d1 ,r #d1 #f1 ,s #e4 #i4 ,:ite1 ,b #e1 ,c #d1 #e1 ,e #d1 ,f #d1 ,h #b1 #d1 #e1 ,j #c4 ,black1 ,b #c1 #d1 ,d #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #c1 ,g #c4 #aj4 ,:ite1 ,b #ae1 #af1 ,c #ag1 #ah1 ,d #ai4 ,black1 ,b #ad1 #ah1 ,c #ad1 #ae1 ,d #af1 #ah1 ,e #ah1 ,f #af4 #aa4 ,:ite1 ,n #ag1 ,o #ah1 ,p #af1 #ag1 ,q #af1 ,r #af1 ,s #af4 ,black1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ag1 ,r #ag1 ,s #ag4 #ab4 ,:ite1 ,p #b1 ,q #b1 ,r #c1 #d1 ,s #b4 ,black1 ,m #c1 ,o #c1 ,p #c1 ,q #e1 ,r #e1 ,s #c1 #d1 ,t #b4 #ac4 ,:ite1 ,a #b1 ,b #c1 #d1 ,c #e1 ,d #d1 #e1 ,f #d1 ,g #b1 #c4 ,black1 ,b #b1 ,c #c1 #d1 ,d #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #b4 #ad4 ,:ite1 ,c #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,d #af4 ,black1 ,c #ad1 ,d #ad1 #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,e #af1 ,f #ag4 #ae4 ,:ite1 ,n #ag1 ,o #ah1 ,p #af1 #ag1 ,q #ae1 ,r #ae1 ,s #af4 ,black1 ,p #ah1 ,q #af1 #ag1 ,s #ag4 #af4 ,:ite1 ,r #b1 #d1 ,s #c4 ,black1 ,o #c1 ,p #d1 ,q #b1 #d1 ,r #e1 #f1 ,s #d4 ,,iv4 ,,reciprocal ,,attacks 78,,semeai07 #a4 7,plate #dc1 ,a7 ,:ite1 ,n #ag1 ,p #ag1 ,q #ag1 ,r #ag1 ,s #ah4 ,black1 ,q #ah1 ,r #ad1 #af1 #ah1 ,s #af1 #ag4 #b4 7,plate #dc1 ,b7 ,:ite1 ,o #c1 ,p #b1 ,q #b1 ,r #c1 ,s #c1 #e4 ,black1 ,q #c1 #d1 ,r #b1 #f1 ,s #b1 #g4 #c4 7,plate #dc1 ,c7 ,:ite1 ,b #ae1 #af1 ,c #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,d #ag1 ,e #ah4 ,black1 ,b #ag1 ,c #af1 ,d #af1 #ah1 ,e #af1 #ag1 ,f #ah4 #d4 7,plate #dc1 ,d7 ,:ite1 ,b #b1 #c1 #d1 ,c #e1 ,d #c1 #d1 #f1 ,f #c1 ,g #b1 #c4 ,black1 ,b #e1 #f1 ,c #b1 #c1 #d1 #g1 ,d #b1 ,e #b1 ,f #b4 #e4 ,:ite1 ,b #c1 ,c #b1 #c1 #d1 ,d #d1 ,e #c1 ,f #c1 ,g #b1 #c4 ,black1 ,a #c1 #e1 ,b #d1 #f1 ,c #e1 ,d #b1 #c1 #e1 ,e #b1 #d1 #e1 ,f #b4 #f4 ,:ite1 ,b #ad1 #ae1 #af1 #ai1 ,c #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ag1 ,f #ag4 ,black1 ,b #ac1 #ag1 #ah1 ,c #ac1 #ad1 #af1 ,d #ae1 #af1 #ag1 ,e #ad4 #g4 ,:ite1 ,n #ag1 ,o #ag1 ,q #af1 #ag1 ,r #ah1 ,s #ah4 ,black1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ae1 #ah1 ,r #ae1 #ag1 ,s #ag4 #h4 ,:ite1 ,p #b1 #d1 ,q #b1 #f1 ,r #c1 #g1 ,s #c1 #f4 ,black1 ,n #c1 ,o #b1 #c1 ,p #c1 ,q #c1 ,r #d1 #e1 ,s #d4 #i4 ,:ite1 ,a #d1 ,b #e1 ,c #e1 #g1 ,d #b1 #c1 #e1 ,e #c1 #d4 ,black1 ,b #c1 #d1 ,c #b1 #d1 ,d #d1 #f1 ,e #e1 #f1 ,f #b1 #d1 ,g #c4 #aj4 ,:ite1 ,b #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 ,c #ae1 #ah1 ,d #af1 #ag1 #ah4 ,black1 ,b #ab1 #af1 ,c #ab1 #ac1 #ad1 #af1 #ag1 ,d #ae1 ,e #ae4 #aa4 ,:ite1 ,o #b1 #d1 ,p #b1 #d1 ,q #b1 #c1 #e1 ,r #e1 #g1 ,s #d4 ,black1 ,m #c1 ,n #b1 #c1 ,o #c1 ,p #c1 ,q #d1 ,r #c1 #d4 #ab4 ,:ite1 ,q #aa1 #ab1 #ac1 ,r #aa1 #ad1 #ae1 ,s #af1 ,t #ad4 ,black1 ,q #ad1 #ae1 ,r #ab1 #ac1 #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,s #aa1 #ac4 ,v4 ,,connect+ ,,gr\ps #a4 7,plate #dd1 ,a7 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#g1 ,s #c1 #d1 #f1 ,t #e4 ,black1 ,m #d1 ,n #b1 #d1 ,o #c1 ,p #a1 #b1 ,q #c1 #e1 ,r #c1 #e1 ,s #e4 #c4 7,plate #de1 ,c7 ,:ite1 ,a #af1 ,b #ac1 #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,c #ad1 #ai1 ,d #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,e #ac1 #af1 ,f #af1 ,g #ad1 #ae4 ,black1 ,b #af1 ,c #ae1 #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,d #ae1 ,e #ae1 ,f #ae1 #ag1 ,g #af1 #ag4 #d4 7,plate #de1 ,d7 ,:ite1 ,b #c1 ,c #a1 #c1 #d1 #e1 #f1 ,d #b1 ,e #c1 ,f #b4 ,black1 ,a #c1 ,b #b1 #d1 #e1 #f1 ,c #b1 #g1 ,d #g1 ,e #d1 #f1 ,f #d1 ,g #b1 #c4 #e4 ,:ite1 ,a #c1 ,b #d1 ,c #d1 ,d #c1 #d1 ,f #b1 #c1 #d4 ,black1 ,b #c1 ,c #c1 #e1 #f1 ,d #b1 ,e #b1 #f1 ,f #a1 ,g #b1 #d1 #e1 ,h #c4 #f4 ,:ite1 ,a #ah1 ,b #ae1 #ag1 ,c #ad1 #ah1 ,d #ad1 #ai1 ,e #ad1 #ah1 ,f #ae1 #ah1 ,g #ai1 ,h #af1 #ag1 #ah4 ,black1 ,a #af1 ,b #af1 #ah1 ,c #af1 ,d #ae1 #ag1 #ah1 ,e #ag1 ,f #ag1 ,g #ag1 #ah4 #g4 ,:ite1 ,p #e1 #f1 ,q #c1 #d1 #i1 ,r #c1 #i1 ,s #d1 #e1 #g1 #h1 ,t #f4 ,black1 ,n #d1 ,p #b1 #c1 #d1 ,q #e1 ,r #d1 #e1 #f1 #g1 #h1 ,s #f4 #h4 ,:ite1 ,q #af1 #ag1 #ah1 ,r #ac1 #ad1 #ae1 #af1 #ah1 ,s #af4 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#g4 ,o #ah1 ,n #ah1 ,q #ag1 ,r #ah1 ,p #ah1 ,n #ag1 ,r #ag1 ,o #ai1 ,r #ai1 ,p #ai1 ,t #ag or ,o #ah1 ,p #ah1 ,r #ah1 or ,o #ah1 ,r #ah1 ,p #ah4 #h4 ,s #b1 ,r #a1 ,s #a4 #i4 ,b #a1 ,a #b1 ,b #b4 #aj4 ,a #ag1 ,b #ai1 ,b #ah1 ,a #ad1 ,c #ai1 ,a #af1 ,a #ai1 ,b #ag1 ,b #af4 #aa4 ,t #af1 ,t #ah1 ,t #ad or ,t #af1 ,s #ab1 ,t #ah4 #ab4 ,s #e1 ,s #f1 ,t #e4 #ac4 ,c #a4 #ad4 ,b #ai4 #ae4 ,s #ah1 ,s #ai1 ,s #ac1 ,t #ah1 ,s #ae1 ,t #ag1 ,t #ad or ,s #ah1 ,s #ac1 ,t #af4 #af4 ,s #e1 ,t #e1 ,t #d1 ,s #d1 ,t #b1 ,t #f1 ,q #b1 or ,s #e1 ,t #e1 ,t #d1 ,s #d1 ,t #b1 ,q #b1 ,s #c1 ,t #d1 ,t #f1 ,t #d1 ,t #e1 ,s #a1 ,s #h4 #ag4 ,a #c1 ,b #a1 ,b #b1 ,e #c1 ,a #a1 ,a #b1 ,c #a4 #ah4 ,f #ag1 ,g #ag1 ,f #ah1 ,g #ah1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ah1 ,d #ai1 ,e #ai1 ,d #af1 ,f #ai1 ,b #ai1 ,a #ah1 ,b #ah1 ,a #ag1 ,d #ad1 ,c #ah1 ,b #ag1 ,c #ai1 ,b #af1 or ,f #ag1 ,g #ag1 ,f #ah1 ,g #ah1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ah1 ,d #ai1 ,e #ai1 ,d #af1 ,f #ai1 ,b #ai1 ,c #ah1 ,b #ah4 #ai4 ,q #ae1 ,q #ad1 ,r #ae1 ,s #ae1 ,t #af1 ,s #ad1 ,q #ai1 ,t #ag1 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#ae4 #h4 ,t #e1 ,t #d1 ,r #d1 ,s #d1 ,s #b1 ,s #c1 ,t #b4 #i4 ,b #b1 ,a #b1 ,c #b1 ,d #a1 ,a #d1 ,a #c1 ,a #e1 ,b #c1 ,b #a1 ,d #d1 ,c #a or ,b #b1 ,b #c1 ,c #b1 ,d #a1 ,a #b1 ,b #a1 ,a #d1 ,a #c1 ,d #d4 #aj4 ,a #ae1 ,a #ag1 ,d #ah1 ,c #af1 ,a #af1 ,b #af1 ,b #ah or ,a #ae1 ,b #af1 ,d #ah4 #aa4 ,r #ai1 ,p #ad1 ,o #ac1 ,o #ag1 ,n #ah1 ,r #ag1 ,p #ai4 #ab4 ,t #b1 ,t #e1 ,t #c1 ,q #a1 ,s #b1 ,r #c1 ,s #a1 or ,t #b1 ,t #e1 ,t #c1 ,s #b1 ,q #a1 ,r #a1 ,t #a4 #ac4 ,f #a1 ,d #a1 ,a #c1 ,a #b1 ,b #a1 ,c #a1 ,g #a1 ,b #b1 ,d #b1 ,c #b1 ,e #a4 #ad4 ,l #ah1 ,g #ah1 ,h #ai1 ,d #ah1 ,e #ai or ,l #ah1 ,d #ah1 ,f #ah1 ,g #ah1 ,f #ag1 ,e #ah1 ,h #ah4 #ae4 ,s #ag1 ,s #af1 ,s #ai1 ,r #ah1 ,s #ah1 ,t #ah1 ,t #ag1 ,t #af1 ,q #ai1 ,r #ai1 ,p #ai4 #af4 ,s #c1 ,s #b1 ,s #d1 ,t #b1 ,o #b1 ,p #a1 ,r #a1 ,r #b1 ,s #a4 #ag4 ,b #ai1 ,b #ah1 ,e #ai1 ,c #ah1 ,b #ae4 #ah4 ,r #a1 ,n #b1 ,o #c1 ,o #a1 ,m #a1 ,m #b1 ,q #a1 ,l #b1 ,n #a1 ,l #a1 ,n #a1 ,m #a1 ,t #c1 ,t #b1 ,t #d4 #ai4 ,s #ah1 ,t #ag1 ,r #ag1 ,r #ah1 ,t #ah1 ,q #ag1 ,t #af1 ,r #ag1 ,p #ah4 ,,iii4 ,,play+ ,,= 8,,ko0 #a4 ,s #ah1 ,t #af1 ,t #ag4 #b4 ,p #a1 ,o #b1 ,t #b1 ,t #c1 ,q #b1 ,q #c1 ,r #c1 ,s #b1 ,r #a1 ,t #a1 ,n #b or ,p #a1 ,q #a1 ,q #c1 ,q #b1 ,s #b1 ,t #b1 ,s #a1 ,r #c1 ,o #b or ,p #a1 ,s #b1 ,o #b1 ,q #a1 ,s #f1 ,s #h1 ,r #e1 ,r #h1 ,q #c1 ,q #b1 ,t #c1 ,t #b1 ,s #a4 #c4 ,a #ah1 ,c #ai1 ,b #ai4 #d4 ,d #a1 ,b #b1 ,b #c1 ,a #c1 ,a #b1 ,a #a1 ,b #a4 #e4 ,a #b1 ,b #b1 ,a #c1 ,e #a1 ,b #a4 #f4 ,b #ah1 ,d #ai1 ,c #ai4 #g4 ,t #ah1 ,s #ah1 ,p #ai1 ,t #ai1 ,q #ai4 #h4 ,s #b1 ,t #d1 ,t #c4 #i4 ,c #c1 ,c #b1 ,b #a1 ,a #b1 ,e #a1 ,f #a1 ,f #b1 ,e #b1 ,g #a1 ,a #d1 ,c #a1 ,d #a4 #aj4 ,a #ah1 ,a #ag1 ,b #ai4 #aa4 ,p #ai1 ,t #ag1 ,t #ah1 ,s #ai1 ,r #ai1 ,r #ah1 ,q #ah or ,p #ai1 ,r #ai1 ,s #ai1 ,s #ah1 ,t #ai or ,p #ai1 ,s #ah1 ,t #ah1 ,r #ah1 ,q #ah1 ,r #ai1 ,s #ai4 #ab4 ,r #a1 ,s #c1 ,t #a4 #ac4 ,c #a1 ,d #b1 ,a #a4 #ad4 ,b #ad1 ,b #ac1 ,b #ah1 ,a #ad1 ,a #ag1 ,c #ah1 ,a #ae1 ,b #ae1 ,b #af4 #ae4 ,r #ah1 ,r #af1 ,s #ai1 ,t #ah1 ,t #ag1 ,p #ai1 ,q #ai4 #af4 ,q #c1 ,p #b1 ,s #e4 ,,iv4 ,,reciprocal ,,attacks 78,,semeai07 #a4 ,s #ai4 #b4 ,s #d1 ,r #d1 ,r #e1 ,t #d1 ,t #b1 ,t #c1 ,t #f4 #c4 ,b #ah1 ,d #ai1 ,b #ai1 ,c #ai1 ,f #ai4 #d4 ,b #a4 #e4 ,b #a1 ,a #b1 ,f #a4 #f4 ,a #ah4 #g4 ,t #ah1 ,r #ai1 ,r #af1 ,s #af1 ,s #ae1 ,s #ad1 ,p #ag4 #h4 ,s #b1 ,r #b1 ,t #c4 #i4 ,b #b1 ,a #b1 ,b #a1 ,c #a1 ,c #c1 ,a #a1 ,b #b1 ,b #a1 ,b #e4 #aj4 ,a #af1 ,a #ag1 ,b #ah4 #aa4 ,s #b1 ,s #c1 ,r #b1 ,t #b1 ,s #a4 #ab4 ,t #ab1 ,t #aa1 ,s #aj4 ,v4 ,,connect+ ,,gr\ps #a4 ,o #ae1 ,n #af1 ,m #ae1 ,o #ad1 ,o #ag or ,o #ae1 ,p #ae1 ,p #ah1 ,q #ah1 ,p #af1 ,o #ag1 ,o #ah1 ,q #ag1 ,o #ad4 #b4 ,t #e1 ,t #f1 ,s #f1 ,t #d1 ,q #e1 ,q #f1 ,p #g1 ,o #g1 ,o #e1 ,q #g1 ,r #e1 ,q #d1 ,r #e1 ,q #e1 ,t #c4 #c4 ,e #ae1 ,e #af1 ,b #ag1 ,b #af1 ,d #af1 ,c #ae1 ,a #af4 #d4 ,f #e1 ,e #f1 ,e #b1 ,f #b1 ,e #d1 ,d #d1 ,e #c1 ,d #b1 ,d #a4 #e4 ,f #d1 ,e #d1 ,f #c1 ,e #c1 ,f #b4 #f4 ,a #ae1 ,a #af1 ,b #af1 ,a #ad1 ,c #ae4 #g4 ,q #a1 ,s #d1 ,r #a1 ,o #c1 ,n #a1 ,o #b1 ,o #a4 #h4 ,s #ae1 ,t #ae1 ,s #ad1 ,r #af1 ,q #ae1 ,r #ad1 ,p #ad4 #i4 ,j #b1 ,h #b1 ,h #a1 ,j #c1 ,k #c1 ,h #d1 ,g #a1 ,f #b1 ,f #a4 #aj4 ,f #ab1 ,f #aa1 ,d #aa1 ,e #aa1 ,b #ag1 ,b #ah1 ,b #aa1 ,b #ab1 ,a #ab1 ,b #ac1 ,b #ad1 ,a #ac1 ,d #ab4 #aa4 ,l #af1 ,m #ae1 ,m #ah1 ,l #ah1 ,m #ag1 ,l #ag1 ,l #ai4 #ab4 ,s #h1 ,s #g1 ,t #g1 ,r #h1 ,q #g1 ,s #i1 ,r #i1 ,r #f1 ,t #h1 ,q #f1 ,t #e or ,s #h1 ,s #g1 ,t #g1 ,r #h1 ,q #g1 ,r #i1 ,s #i1 ,t #f1 ,q #f4 ,,vi4 8,,oi ,,oto%i0 #a4 ,t #ah1 ,t #ai1 ,r #ai4 #b4 ,s #b1 ,s #a1 ,t #b1 ,t #c1 ,q #a1 ,t #a1 ,s #b4 #c4 ,b #ai1 ,a #ai1 ,a #ag1 ,a #ae1 ,e #ah4 #d4 ,a #b1 ,a #a1 ,a #d1 ,a #e1 ,d #a4 #e4 ,c #b1 ,b #b1 ,b #a1 ,c #a1 ,a #b4 #f4 ,b #ai1 ,c #ai1 ,c #ag1 ,a #ai1 ,b #ah1 ,b #ai1 ,a #ag4 #g4 ,s #c1 ,s #b1 ,r #b1 ,t #c1 ,q #b1 ,s #c1 ,t #e1 ,q #h1 ,t #g1 ,s #i1 ,s #a1 ,q #g1 ,t #b4 #h4 ,t #ae1 ,t #ad1 ,t #ah1 ,s #ai1 ,t #ag1 ,t #ai1 ,t #ag1 ,t #ah1 ,r #ai1 ,s #aa1 ,t #ag1 ,s #ag4 #i4 ,h #a1 ,g #g1 ,e #a1 ,f #a1 ,d #a4 #aj4 ,b #ae1 ,a #ae1 ,a #ac1 ,a #ad1 ,a #ag4 #aa4 ,m #ag1 ,l #ag1 ,n #ai1 ,m #ai1 ,l #ah1 ,k #ah1 ,k #ai1 ,l #ai1 ,j #ai4 #ab4 ,t #c1 ,s #e1 ,t #d4 ,,vii4 ,,cutt+ #a4 ,g #af1 ,f #af1 ,g #ad1 ,f #ad1 ,f #ae4 #b4 ,n #f1 ,m #f1 ,o #f1 ,m #g1 ,m #d4 #c4 ,g #af1 ,f #af1 ,g #ad1 ,h #ae1 ,f #ae4 #d4 ,k #f1 ,j #f1 ,l #f1 ,j #h1 ,f #d4