,! ye> ( jubilee2 b n to ,africans3 a disc\rse1 deliv]$ ,july #d?1 #ahbe1 be+ ! #di? anniv]s>y ( ,am]ican indep5d5ce ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,ye> ,,( ,,jubilee2 ,,b ,,n ,,to ,,africans3 ,a ,disc\rse1 ,,deliv]$ ,,july #d,,?1 #ahbe1 ,,be+ ,,! #di,,? ,,anniv]s>y ,,( ,,am]ican ,,indep5d5ce4 ,,by ,,na?aniel ,s4 ,,prime1 ,pa/or ( ! ,fir/ ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 9 ,cambridge1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,salem1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,dodd ,,& ,,/ev5son4 #ahbe4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,to ,,! ,,read]4 ,?\gh no apology = ! pres5t publication1 or = ! =m 9 :i* x appe>s1 w be attempt$1 yet x may n be improp] or un9t]e/+ to /ate a few facts relat+ to its orig94 ,! au?or has be5 9 ! habit1 = a numb] ( ye>s pa/1 ( celebrat+ ! anniv]s>y ( our ,indep5d5ce ) public wor%ip 9 8 own congregation4 ,previ\s to ! la/ #d? ( ,july1 notice to t effect 0 giv51 & at ! same "t x 0 /at$ t ! subject ( disc\rse w\ld be--n ,am]ican ,lib]ty1 b--,am]ican ,slav]y3 9 connexion ) :i*1 ! object & op]ations ( 8,! ,am]ican ,colonization ,society0 w\ld be br\ght into view1 & its claims ^u publick patronage def5d$ & urg$4 ,a simil> notice 0 s5t to ! o!r congregations 9 ?is place ) an invitation to att5d4 ,to a v respectable audi5ce1 ?us conv5$1 ! foll[+ disc\rse 0 deliv]$1 & a contribution tak5 up 9 aid ( ! ,colonization ,society4 ,at ! close ( ! s]vice1 a meet+ 0 organiz$1 ( :i* ! foll[+ are ! m9utes3 8,! ,hon4 ,john ,m',lean 0 *os5 ,*airman1 & ,g]rit ,w5dell1 ,secret>y4 8,! foll[+ resolutions 7 !n unanim\sly adopt$4 8,resolv$1 ,t x is exp$i5t & prop]1 9 ! view ( ?is meet+1 h]eaft] to celebrate ! anniv]s>y ( our ,national ,indep5d5ce ) religi\s ex]cises4 8,resolv$1 ,t ,messrs4 ,john ,a%ton1 ,sidney ,wells & ,dr4 ,mat!w ,/ev5son be a committee to make arrangem5ts = ! next anniv]s>y1 by designat+ ! place ( meet+1 & procur+ a speak] = ! occasion40 8,on motion ( ,mr4 ,a%ton1 second$ by ,sidney ,wells1--,resolv$ t ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,prime be reque/$ to furni% = ! press1 a copy ( ! ,address deliv]$ by him ?is day1 & t ! above m5tion$ committee be au?oriz$ to adopt ! necess>y measures to procure its publication40 ,al?\gh ! proposal ( ! la/ resolution 0 totally unexpect$ to ! au?or1 yet he is will+ frankly to ackn[l$ge t its adoption 0 extremely grateful to 8 feel+s2 n only z an explicit approval ( ! s5tim5ts :i* _h be5 deliv]$1 express$ by _m ( 8 own congregation & o!rs1 ^: judgm5t he highly rev]es2 b also z af=d+ ! sanction ( _! au?ority 9 proclaim+ !m to ! _w4 ,&1 t x might h ! full influ5ce ( t au?ority1 ! address is pr9t$1 ) ! exception ( a few v]bal corrections1 & ! addition ( two notes1 precisely z x 0 deliv]$4 ,! au?or _c say t ! views exhibit$ are ! result ( any new convictions 9 8 own m9d4 ,?\gh he 0 famili> ) slav]y f 8 bir?1 yet f 8 e>lie/ recollection1 x 0 revolt+ to 8 feel+s2 & ! fir/ emotion ( humanity t left an indelible impression on 8 memory1 0 t ( commiss]ation = ! degrad$ condition ( a negro *ild ab\t two ye>s y\ng] ?an himself2 & f t mom5t1 he nev] felt at re/ on ! subject1 till ! la/ ve/ige ( ! evil 0 remov$ f 8 p>5tal dwell+4 ,! same s5tim5ts ) respect to ! univ]sal guilt1 & consequ5t dang] ( ! ,am]ican p1 he has ent]ta9$ ev] s9ce he became acqua9t$ ) ! in/itutions ( 8 c\ntry1 & has occasionally exhibit$ !m2 b he ackn[l$ges himself highly c5surable 9 n hav+ m frequ5tly & po9t$ly urg$ !m4 ,he !re=e pres5ts ?is address to ! publick1 n only 9 compliance ) ! wi%es ( ^? :om he _c refuse1 b z a small atonem5t = hav+ s (t5 neglect$ to employ 8 p51 & raise 8 voice aga9/ an evil s ext5sive 9 its op]ation1 & s al>m+ 9 its consequ5ces4 ,cambridge1 ,july #e?1 #ahbe4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,a ,,disc\rse1 c4 ,,! words f :i* ,i propose to address y1 on ?is occasion1 y w f9d record$ 9 8,! ,,decl>ation ( ! ,,indep5d5ce ( ! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ( ,,am]ica20--! fir/ clause aft] ! preamble4 ,! words are ^!3 8,we hold ^! tru?s to be self-evid5t2 t all m5 are creat$ equal2 t !y are end[$ by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 unali5able rights2 t among ^! are ,life1 ,lib]ty1 & ! pursuit ( ,happ9ess40 ,man1 consid]$ z a rational & social be+1 occupies a v>iety ( important relations 9 ! univ]se ( ,god4 ,9 ! fir/ place he /&s relat$ to t great & glori\s ,be+ :o gave him exi/5ce1 & he is "u ! mo/ solemn & indissoluble obligations1 to ! ex]cise ( et]nal rev]5ce1 love & gratitude4 ,h[ev] indiff]5t he may feel1 9 8 pres5t fall5 /ate1 to ! dem&s ( heav51 & h[ev] neglig5t he may be ( ! duties :i* result f ^? dem&s1 x is an incontrov]tible tru?1 t ! s]vice ( ,god has ! fir/ & highe/ claim4 ,h5ce1 ! fir/ & greate/ comm&m5t ( ! law is decl>$1 by ! div9e ,savi\r to be ?is2 8,?\ %alt love ! ,"l ?y ,god ) all ?y he>t1 & ) all ?y s\l1 & ) all ?y m9d1 & ) all ?y /r5g?40 ,m>k xii4 #cj4 ,an imm$iate & con/ant compliance ) ?is precept %\ld be ! fir/ object ( e human be+4 ,b al?\gh ?is is ! fir/1 x is n ! only duty ( man4 ,he occupies o!r relations1 &1 ( c\rse1 is subject$ to ! au?ority ( o!r duties4 ,pass+ ov] all ! o!r subord9ate connexions ( man1 z =eign f our pres5t purpose1 ,i %all "h notice only 8 relation to 8 own species1 & ! obligations :i* result f t relation4 ,all m5 are =m$ by ! same h&1 born into ! same _w1 "u ! same circum/ances1 & are b\nd by consid]ations bo? ( duty & int]e/ to respect ea* o!r's rights1 & to promote ea* o!r's happ9ess4 ,^! duties are next 9 importance to ^? :i* relate to ,god4 ,!re=e1 our bless$ ,"l1 aft] decl>+ ! precept already quot$ to be ! fir/ comm&m5t ( ! law1 adds1 8,& ! second is l0 to x1 8,?\ %all love ?y neighb\r z ?yself40 ,he !n decl>es1 ) respect to bo?1 8,!re is no comm&m5t great] ?an ^!40 ,"h !n we h a concise1 b complete exposition ( man's duty 9 relation to 8 own species4 ,x is applicable to all ! possible circum/ances ( life2 & at ! same "t1 s pla91 t ! smalle/ %>e ( intellect is suffici5t to und]/& & apply x4 ,x accords precisely ) t gold5 rule :i* ! ,savi\r deliv]$1 9 8 s]mon on ! m\nt2 8,all ?+s :atsoev] ye w\ld t m5 %\ld d to y1 d ye ev5 s to !m2 = ?is is ! law & ! prophets40 ,mat!w vii4 #ab4 ,t is1 all ! duties :i* ,god has ev] requir$ ( man 9 relation to 8 own species1 ei!r 9 ! law or ! prophets1 are compreh5d$ 9 ?is s+le precept1 ,d to o!rs j z y w\ld wi% !m to d to y4 ,did ?is pr9ciple regulate ! conduct ( all m51 ! e>? w\ld in/antly resume ! fir/ bloom ( ,ed54 ,n only w\ld w>1 & murd] & rap9e cease to desolate ! e>?1 b animosities & cont5tion & oppression ( e k9d & degree w\ld in/antly disappe>4 ,adv5titi\s circum/ances might /ill produce di/9ctions 9 ! relative situations ( m52 b pride1 t fi5d ( hell & enemy ( happ9ess1 w\ld be bani%$ f ! human brea/2 & "o m prosp]$ ( heav5 ?an 8 fell[s1 w\ld look d[n ^u !m1 n to despise _! pov]ty1 nor to rejoice 9 _! mis]y1 nor to deprive !m ( _! lib]ty2 7! la/ e>?ly bless+ t man c lose27 b to compassionate _! necessities1 to console !m "u adv]sity1 & to adm9i/] to _! relief4 ,! :ole human family w\ld be b\nd toge!r by ! s5se ( a common nature1 & ! bonds ( s9c]e affection3 9 a ^w1 !y w\ld feel t !y 7 bone ( ea* o!r's bone2 & fle% ( ea* o!r's fle%2 & 9 all cases1 & "u all circum/ances1 !y w\ld act l bre?r54 ,f ^! rem>ks1 y w p]ceive t ! words ( my text1 al?\gh !y are n a "p ( ! inspir$ volume1 conta9 s5tim5ts 9 p]fect accordance ) ! div9e decl>ations4 ,?is consid]ation !re=e is suffici5t to entitle !m to ! highe/ respect4 ,b1 9 ?is fav\r$ l&1 !y d n ne$ ?is argum5t to give !m au?ority4 ,!y are ! words ( our fa!rs2 n spok5 by ! fireside1 or 9 ! closet1 :ile !y re/$ quietly 9 ! mid/ ( _! dome/ick circles1 )\t a witness ( _! decl>ations2 b proclaim$ & publi%$ to ! :ole _w1 :ile !y /ood 9 jeop>dy ( _! lives & all t !y held de> on e>?2 & ) a solemn appeal to ! ,,supreme ,,judge ( ! _w = ! rectitude ( _! int5tions4 ,nay1 m2 "s ( !m seal$ ?is decl>ation ) _! own blood1 & volunt>ily laid d[n _! lives1 to deliv] _! po/]ity f tyranny & oppression1 & to procure = !m ! bless+s ( lib]ty & self-gov]nm5t4 ,conf9+ ourselves to ?is view ( ! subject1 we %\ld pron\nce t native ,am]ican unwor?y ( 8 p>5tage & ! "n :i* he be>s1 :o w\ld n rev]e ! words ( 8 fa!r1 utt]$ "u su* circum/ances4 ,nay1 t man1 let him be :o he w1 & let 8 circum/ances be :at !y may1 is unwor?y to tread ,am]ican soil & brea! ,am]ican air1 :o does n *e]fully & s9c]ely adopt ! words ( my text1 z conta9+ ! s5tim5ts ( 8 he>t1 8,all m5 are creat$ equal1 & are end[$ by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 unali5able rights1 among :i* are life1 lib]ty & ! pursuit ( happ9ess40 ,:5 ?is decl>ation1 p>ticul>ly ?is clause ( x1 0 report$ 9 heav51 7& ,i presume to believe t ! sun _h n set on ! f\r? ( ,july1 #aggf1 be=e ! transactions ( ! ,am]ican ,congress 7 publi%$ to ! cele/ial ho/s17 :at ?9k y 7 ! expectations ( angels & ! spirits ( j m5 made p]fect1 ) respect to ! /ate ( ?+s :i* w\ld succe$ 9 ?is nation8 ,d\btless1 ! =m]1 9 ^: respective ranks lib]ty & equality are n only pr(ess$ b practis$1 expect$1 ^u _! fir/ mission to ?is l[] _w1 to see ! ,am]ican p1 )\t di/9ction ( complexion or circum/ances1 enjoy+ ! bless+s ( fre$om4 ,& ) equal probability may we imag9e1 t ^? happy s\ls :o _h be5 r$eem$ f ! e>?1 & :o _h "h witness$1 ) _! own eyes1 ! oppressions ( man ex]cis$ ^u 8 own species2 "s ( :om _h1 p]haps1 !mselves be5 p]sonally guilty 9 ?is matt]1 & _h f\nd1 f _! own exp]i5ce1 t ! la/ pollution1 f :i* a ,savi\r's blood c wa% ! human s\l1 is ! sweat or blood ( a black man's body2 ,i say1 we may safely imag9e1 t1 among ^!1 !re 0 "o univ]sal %\t ( joy4 ,!y rejoic$ to he>1 t1 9 "o nation at lea/ ( ?is fall5 _w1 aft] ! lapse ( almo/ #fjjj ye>s1 ,,! ,,rights ,,( ,,man 7 at la/ und]/ood1 & a solemn resolution to respect !m _h be5 unanim\sly adopt$3 t univ]sal emancipation _h be5 proclaim$ to ?ree millions ( ! human family4 ,9 view ( ^! consid]ations1 c\ld angels & r$eem$ s\ls h reasonably expect$ or believ$1 if !re is any s9c]ity 9 man1 t f ! b5efits ( ?is solemn decl>ation1 adopt$ "u all ! solemn circum/ances j m5tion$1 & ) ! mo/ solemn appeal to heav51 e six? man 0 exclud$1 & doom$ to p]petual slav]y2 & t1 = no o!r reason1 ?an because ! ,god ( nature _h caus$ !m to be born 9 a torrid clime1 :]e ! sun _h burnt _! sk9 & crisp$ _! hair1 & !y _h be5 transport$ aga9/ _! w1 to a l& inhabit$ by :ite m58 ,& if ! cele/ial ho/s 7 !n re/ra9$ f an univ]sal clam\r ( disapprobation1 by ! consid]ation t su* an exception 0 r5d]$ necess>y by ! exi/+ circum/ances ( ! c\ntry1 & ! impossibility ( emancipat+ #ejj1jjj slaves :ile our %ores 7 invad$ by a =eign foe2 c\ld !y h be5 p]suad$ to believe1 t1 aft] heav5 _h esp\s$ ! cause ( ,am]ica1 & ,god himself _h f\ght h] battles1 & victory _h cr[n$ h] arms1 ! ,am]ican p w\ld p]mit almo/ half a c5tury to roll away 9 ! enjoym5t ( unexampl$ lib]ty1 prosp]ity & happ9ess1 :ile slav]y w\ld be p]mitt$ to increase ) ! increase ( _! weal? & population8 ,c\ld !y expect t ?is solemn decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce w\ld be annually read ! #ej? "t1 accompani$ ) ! ro> ( cannon1 ! display ( bann]s1 & %\ts ( joy1 & t ?\s&s & hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( doll>s w\ld be exp5d$ on e return ( ?is anniv]s>y 9 fea/+ & dissipation & tumult1 & yet no ye> ( ,jubilee be proclaim$ to ! oppress$ sons ( ,africa8 ,b su* is ! fact4 ,?is day comm5ces ! #ej? ye> ( fre$om to ,am]ican :ite m51 & yet a million & a half ( our fell[ m51 )9 our own dwell+s1 are ?is mom5t groan+ "u ! *a9s ( bondage4 ,tell me n1 z x is (t5 told by ! advocates ( slav]y1 t !y are incapable ( provid+ = !mselves2 & are !re=e happi] 9 _! pres5t dep5d5t condition1 ?an if !y 7 imm$iately emancipat$4 ,i *e]fully admit t ! little fea!r$ song/] t 0 hat*$ 9 a cage or inc>c]at$ be=e 8 w+s 7 fl$g$1 may be ignorant ( mo/ ( ! sweets ( lib]ty2 & aft] be+ long accu/om$ to h 8 food provid$ by 8 own]'s h&1 might be incapable ( f9d+ x1 9 equal pr(usion1 9 ! fields & =e/s2 b does ?is prove t he has n a nature adapt$ to ! enjoym5t ( lib]ty1 & equally entitl$ to ! privilege ) o!r birds8 ,b on ?is po9t reason+ is ne$less4 ,i appeal to my text4 8,,all m5 are creat$ equal10 said our =efa!rs1 8& are end[$ by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 unali5able rights2 among ^! are life1 ,,lib]ty & ! pursuit ( happ9ess40 ,= ! space ( fifty ye>s we h be5 reit]at+ ! same maxim & at ! same "t decl>+ t x is 8a self-evid5t tru?40 ,n[1 ,i say1 let u aim at consi/5cy ( "*4 ,let u r$uce ! pr9ciple to practice1 & prove to ! _w t we believe :at we say1 or blot x out f ! decl>ation ( our rights & privileges4 ,we may abhor ! tyranny ( k+s & emp]ors1 & commis]ate ! degrad$ /ate ( _! oppress$ subjects1 b a great] incongruity _c be f\nd 9 any nation ?an t :i* exi/s 9 our own4 ,9 "o h& we hold ! prote/ation t all m5 are equal1 & entitl$ to ! enjoym5t ( life & lib]ty2 & 9 ! o!r1 we firmly grasp ! *a9s ( slav]y & wield ! goads ( correction4 ,we proclaim to ! _w t we are ! only nation ( freem5 on e>?1 & yet daily practise ! mo/ absolute despotism4 ,x is frequ5tly ! case t ! same publick newspap] :i* unblu%+ly ass]ts ! equality ( our rights1 & ! ju/ice ( our in/itutions1 adv]tises a :ole village ( human be+s = sale4 ,aga9 ,i say1 let u aim at ,,consi/5cy3 ei!r ackn[l$ge to ! _w t we are tyrants & despots1 or act accord+ to our pr(essions4 ,t my text conta9s a correct ass]tion1 ,i am n dispos$ = a mom5t to "q3 & ,i %\ld surely be employ$ to no purpose 9 attempt+ to prove to o!rs1 :at !y h ass]t$ = half a c5tury1 to be 8a self-evid5t tru?40 ,if !n1 all m5 are1 by _! bir?1 entitl$ to ! same natural rights & privileges1 !y c be dive/$ ( !m only by ! au?ority ( ,him :o has ! p[] ( life & dea? 9 8 h&s4 ,! ,god ( nature has a p]fect "r to au?orize "o nation to subjugate ano!r1 z he deliv]$ ! ,canaanites into ! h&s ( ,israel4 ,b surely ?is is no argum5t 9 fav\r ( ,am]ican slav]y4 ,:5 we h f\nd a 8,?us sai? ! ,"l0 = ! subjugation ( ,africans1 !n1 & n till !n1 %all we h a "r to make !m our slaves4 ,a man may also =feit 8 lib]ty1 & ev5 8 life1 by ! commission ( crimes aga9/ ! int]e/s ( society4 ,& 9 all su* cases1 e nation on ! globe has a *>t] f ! ,k+ ( heav5 to inflict m]it$ puni%m5t4 ,b surely no man ( common s5se w pret5d t ?is au?orizes any individual or commonweal? to r$uce to p]petual bondage1 & entail ! same on _! po/]ity1 ^? :o h nev] violat$ a s+le law ( ! l&4 ,! "t has be5 :5 ! ev5t ( w> has be5 suppos$ to conf] on ! victori\s p>ty ! "r ( enslav+ ! vanqui%$4 ,b ?is is n[ univ]sally ackn[l$g$ to be a pr9ciple ( b>b>ism1 & is ab&on$ by ! civiliz$ _w4 ,:]e !n is our *>t] = ! oppression ( our fell[ m58 ,p]haps ! mo/ plausible argum5t 9 support ( ,am]ican slav]y1 7& x is "o t has be5 newly discov]$1 = x 0 fir/ introduc$ into ,congress on ! ,miss\ri "q17 is1 t ! ,new ,te/am5t di/9ctly recognises )\t any m>k ( disapprobation1 ! relation ( ma/]s & s]vants1 & ,/4 ,paul 9 8 ,epi/les explicitly enjo9s on ! latt] ! duty ( respect1 ob$i5ce & fidelity4 ,?is argum5t has be5 triumphantly urg$ z pres5t+ ,div9e au?ority = slav]y4 ,b pray tell me1 are !re no s]vants b slaves8 ,is !re no su* ?+ z ! relation ( ma/] & s]vant unless :]e slav]y exi/s8 ,if s1 tell ,great ,brita9 to blot ! ^w f h] vocabul>y1 t x has no mean+ 9 ! ,engli% language1 & is exclusively ( ,am]ican orig9 & use4 8,b10 says ! advocate ( slav]y1 8?is argum5t is n to be got rid ( 9 ?is way4 ,?is is m]e quibbl+4 ,/4 ,paul speaks n only ( s]vants1 b ( bond-m52 & he actually enjo9s x on e man to abide 9 ! same call+1 or condition1 :]e9 he is call$4 ,& he specifies p>ticul>ly t if any "o is call$ be+ a s]vant1 he is to re/ cont5t$ ) ! assurance t he is ! ,"l's free man4 #a ,cor4 vii4 #bj-bb4 ,nay1 9 8 ,epi/le to ,philemon1 he _h a fair opportunity to put ?is "q at re/ = ev]2 b in/ead ( rebuk+ ! ma/] = hold+ slaves1 he return$ ! runaway to 8 s]vice40#a ,on ?is gr\nd1 x has be5 ass]t$1 t ^? :o hold slaves are m ob$i5t to ! ,scriptures ?an ^? :o d n4 ,footnote #a3 ,?is :ole argum5t1 9 all its p>ts1 0 once urg$ ) amaz+ zeal1 on ! floor ( ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*4 ,if ,i am n greatly mi/ak5 9 reg>d to ! nature ( ?is argum5t1 ,i c\ld prove1 9 ! same way1 t tyranny & despotism are approv$ ( ,god2 & t ^? :o submit to su* a k9d ( gov]nm5t1 live 9 great] con=mity to ! ,scriptures ?an ! citiz5s ( a republick4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ,i w\ld argue is ?is4 ,/4 ,paul1 9 8 ,epi/le to ! ,romans1 says1 8,let e s\l be subject unto ! high] p[]s2 = !re is no p[] b ( ,god1 ! p[]s t be1 are orda9$ ( ,god4 ,:osoev]1 !re=e1 resi/e? ! p[]1 resi/e? ! ord9ance ( ,god2 & !y t resi/ %all receive to !mselves damnation40--,rom4 xiii4 #a1 #b4 ,n[ ?is solemn injunction1 "u ?is awful sanction1 0 impos$ by inspiration ^u ! ,*ri/ians ( ,rome1 at ! "t t ! cr[n ( t empire 0 worn by ,n]o1 "o ( ! mo/ cruel & blood-?ir/y tyrants t ev] disgrac$ a ?rone4 ,by 8 own direction ! city 0 set on fire1 :i* rag$ = n9e successive days1 spread+ desolation & ru92 & !n to furni% himself a pretext = p]secut+ ! ,*ri/ians1 he laid ! crime to _! *>ge1 & fi]cely comm5c$ ! bloody "w4 8,"s 7 wrapp$ 9 ! sk9s ( wild bea/s1 & torn 9 pieces by dogs2 "s 7 crucifi$1 & o!rs1 clo!d 9 g>m5ts cov]$ ) pit*1 7 set on fire2 :ile ! cruel mon/] calmly sat 9 ! w9d[ ( 8 palace & enjoy$ ! sc5e ( 8 own b>b>ities40 ,& yet ?is is ! man1 :om ! apo/le comm&s ! ,*ri/ians to rev]e z 8! m9i/] ( ,god20 ! resi/ance ( :om is ?reat5$ ) damnation4 ,0 n ,paul !n ! advocate ( tyranny & oppression8 ,j z cle>ly z he 0 ! advocate ( slav]y4 ,9 ! same mann] ,i ?9k x c be %[n t polygamy is approv$ by ,/4 ,paul1 at lea/ among ! ,g5tiles4 ,he expressly orda9$ t 8a bi%op or deacon mu/ be ! husb& ( "o wife40 #a ,tim4 iii4 #b1 #ab4 ,n[ ! inf]5ce is fair1 t all o!r m5 might h m ?an "o4 ,private memb]s ( ! *ur* are n re/rict$ 9 _! incl9ations 9 ?is respect1 only ! (fic]s ( ! *ur* are n indulg$4 ,i see no way to avoid ?is conclusion4 ,h[ !n %all we reconcile ^! app>5t inconsi/5cies8 ,9 my view1 ! solution is pla9 & easy4 ,^u ! fir/ introduction ( ! gospel into any pagan l&1 !re always w be _m evils exi/+1 :i* are s completely wr\ght into ! cu/oms1 int]e/s & in/itutions ( society1 t x is impossible to correct !m at once4 ,nay1 if x 7 possible1 ! sudd5 revolution w\ld in/antly produce unspeakable mis]y4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! la/ m5tion$ case3 ,suppose1 9 a nation :]e polygamy is ext5sively practis$1 e man c\ld be induc$ to repudiate all 8 wives b "o2 h[ _m ?\s&s ( helpless wom5 & *ildr5 w\ld be turn$ on ! wide _w1 )\t ! means ( support1 expos$ to inevitable wret*$ness & want6 ,! sudd5 adoption ( ! true ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 "u ^! circum/ances1 w\ld be productive ( va/ly great] mis]y ?an is n[ exp]i5c$ f ?is horrid pagan practice2 & ! ,*ri/ian religion w\ld be execrat$ z a sy/em ( cruelty4 ,:at !n is to be done8 ,mu/ ,*ri/ianity sacrifice its holy pr9ciples at ! %r9e ( pagan impurity8 ,mu/ we be satisfi$ to h m5 embrace ! fai? ( ! gospel1 :ile !y reta9 _! own ungodly practices8 ,no6 ,b wisdom is pr(itable to direct4--,"s me?od mu/ be adopt$ by :i* ^! deeply-root$ evils may be br&$ ) disgrace1 & ?us gradually b effectually eradicat$4 ,= ?is purpose ,/4 ,paul1 or r ! ,holy ,_s1 orda9$ 9 ^? c\ntries :]e polygamy 0 common1 t 8a bi%op or deacon mu/ be ! husb& ( "o wife40 ,a man t s9c]ely embrac$ ! gospel1 might be admitt$ to ! privileges ( ! *ur* )\t fir/ turn+ half a doz5 wom5 out ( doors2 b he nev] c\ld arise to any dignity1 or be capable ( hold+ any (fice 9 ! *ur*4 ,n[ y pla9ly p]ceive t ! necess>y op]ation ( ?is simple regulation1 0 to aboli% gradually1 b effectually1 ?is vile practice2 n h[ev]1 by sov]eign au?ority or absolute =ce1 b by ! volunt>y cons5t ( ! p>ty conc]n$4 ,?us x appe>s to be ! g5ius ( ! gospel to tol]ate an evil = a :ile1 :]e ! imm$iate & total abolition w\ld be productive ( great] mis]ies & crimes2 :ile1 at ! same "t1 x requires ! use ( all prud5t & effectual measures = its ultimate extirpation4 ,i humbly conceive t x is on ?is gr\nd alone1 t ! ,scriptures1 9 c]ta9 cases1 allude to despotism1 slav]y & _m o!r evils )\t a di/9ct expression ( disapprobation4 ,_h ! evangeli/s & apo/les explicitly d5\nc$ ! tyranny ( ,rome1 & decl>$ t slav]y 0 contr>y to ! law ( nature1 & ! law ( ,god1 !y w\ld h be5 in/antly sla91 or driv51 at ! po9t ( ! sword1 f e prov9ce ( ! ,roman empire4 ,on ?is acc\nt e argum5t f\nd$ on su* texts ( ,scripture 9 support ( slav]y1 is ( no m weight ?an ! du/ ( ! balance4 ,t slav]y is an evil is g5]ally ackn[l$g$ 9 ^? p>ts ( our c\ntry :]e ! lea/ ( x exi/s2 & ( c\rse1 :]e ! mo/ ( its horrors are unkn[n4 ,& !re are und\bt$ly _m 9 ! slave-hold+ /ates :o deplore ! evil1 & w\ld gladly remove x1 if !re 0 no ob/acle 9 ! way4 ,b x is a matt] ( deep regret t !re are ?\s&s ( our c\ntrym51 claim+ ! /yle ( republicans1 :o are ! unblu%+ advocates ( slav]y4 ,& :at is worse ?an all1 & :at r5d]s ! extirpation ( ?is evil ! m hopeless1 is1 t :5 our nor!rn citiz5s remove to ! s\?1 _m ( !m become n only ! own]s ( slaves1 b 9 _m in/ances1 ! w>me/ advocates ( ! pr9ciple ( slav]y4 ,?is amaz+ *ange 9 s5tim5t & feel+1 ,i am unwill+ to ascribe s mu* to :at is (t5 alleg$1 t !y f9d ! evils ( slav]y f> less ?an !y expect$1 & ! subjects ( x cont5t$ & happy2 z to ! fact1 t famili>ity ) any vice bl9ds ! human m9d to its enormity4 ,i d\bt n t ! mo/ en?usia/ick republican ( our c\ntry1 if he f\nd x = 8 int]e/ to reside "u ! mo/ despotick gov]nm5t ( ,europe1 w\ld1 aft] a numb] ( ye>s1 return ) ! report1 t ! subjects ( t c\ntry 7 mu* bett] cont5t$1 & va/ly m happy ?an he _h anticipat$2 & x w\ld n be /range if 8 zeal = democracy1 & hatr$ ( mon>*y 7 equally dim9i%$4 ,b ?is w\ld nev] prove to me1 t ! subjects ( a despotism are z happy z !y w\ld be1 if !y 7 plac$ 9 a situation1 & prep>$1 to enjoy ! bless+s ( a free gov]nm5t4 ,t ?is is ! true reason ( ?is *ange1 ,i ?9k is evid5t f ! fact1 t our nor!rn m51 aft] !y become famili> ) slav]y1 c calmly indulge !mselves 9 t k9d ( treatm5t ( slaves1 :i* w\ld previ\sly h made !m %udd]4 ,9 ?is connexion ,i w m5tion a fact1 :i* = ! cr$it ( ,new-,engl&1 & ! hon\r ( religion1 ,i w\ld gladly conceal to ! judgm5t day1 if ! circum/ances ( ! case _h n be5 publicly display$ ?r\gh ?is region ( c\ntry4 ,two ye>s ago a native ( ,v]mont1 & a m9i/] ( ! gospel too1 :o has resid$ "s ye>s at ! ,s\?1 pass$ ) 8 family1 ?r\gh ?is t[n & put up = ! night )9 ! s\nd ( my voice :]e ,i n[ /&4 ,!y 7 att5d$ by a s]vant-girl1 :o 0 n p]mitt$ to eat at a table or sleep on a b$1 ?\gh 9 ! true _s ( nor!rn feel+1 bo? 7 k9dly pr(f]$ by ! l&lady4 ,%e sp5t h] night on ! nak$ floor1 ) no o!r pill[ ?an h] bundle ( clo!s2 & set out 9 ! morn+ 9 an op5 waggon1 to endure ! heat ( a summ]'s sun1 ) no o!r cov]+ = h] head ?an ! woolly fleece :i* nature gave4 ,su* k9d ( treatm5t1 = aught ,i "k1 may be deem$ necess>y at ! s\?1 z ,i und]/ood1 x 0 !n alleg$1 to keep ! blacks f be+ 8exalt$ above measure20 yet surely x _c be witness$1 )\t s5tim5ts ( indignation1 9 a nor!rn clime4 ,& = ! hon\r ( humanity1 to say no?+ ( ! gospel m9i/ry1 ,i pray ,god1 t my own eyes may nev] aga9 witness a simil> sc5e4 ,b let ! plea be reit]at$ z (t5 z x may1 t ! slav]y :i* exi/s 9 our c\ntry is n s appall+ z nor!rn m5 suppose2 x is /ill an evil1 t exi/s contr>y to ! law ( nature & nature's ,god1 & 9 ! face too1 ( ,am]ican rights & privileges4 ,& beyond ?is1 x /&s necess>ily connect$ ) o!r evils1 :i* are m %ock+ to ! feel+s ( humanity1 ?an slav]y itself4 ,take = example1 ^! simple facts4 ,by ! laws ( "s ( ! slave-hold+ /ates1 no man c emancipate 8 own slaves2 & any p]son is liable to ! b>b>\s & disgraceful puni%m5t ( be+ :ipp$ on ! nak$ back1 if convict$ ( tea*+ a slave to read4 ,?us ! poor ,africans are n only depriv$ ( _! lib]ty1 b are completely cut (f f almo/ ! only means ( in=mation1 ) respect to _! duty to ,god & _! fell[ m51 & ( prep>ation = ! et]nal _w2 ( ! only means t c alleviate _! sorr[s & enliv5 _! solitude4 ,by ^! laws1 a pi\s & b5evol5t ma/]1 :o has inh]it$ a hundr$ slaves1 & :o w\ld gladly deliv] !m f bondage1 or1 at lea/1 alleviate1 by e means 9 8 p[]1 ! mis]ies ( _! condition1 is compell$1 aga9/ e feel+ ( 8 he>t1 n only to hold !m 9 s]vitude1 b to keep !m 9 absolute ignorance4 ,al?\gh ^! laws are f\nd$ nei!r 9 humanity1 nor ,*ri/ianity1 yet evid5tly 9 good policy2 & !y are necess>ily connect$ ) slav]y1 9 ! ext5t to :i* x exi/s4 ,! physical p[] ( ! black population1 9 _m di/ricts ( our c\ntry1 be>s su* an al>m+ proportion to t ( ! :ites1 t no?+ is want+ on _! "p b in=mation1 to enable !m to ass]t & ma9ta9 _! rights4 ,only let !m "k :at !y are1 & ( :at !y are capable1 & 9 "o mon?'s "t ! ,trag$y ( ,/4 ,dom+o w\ld be re-act$ on ?is side ( ! ,gulf-,/ream4 ,by ?is "t1 my he>]s1 ,i presume y h begun to inquire = ! rem$y ( ?is 8legion ( evils30 & "s ( y may h drawn ! conclusion1 t no?+ %ort ( ! imm$iate & absolute emancipation ( all ! slaves ( our c\ntry w\ld satisfy my m9d4 ,b ?is is n ! fact4 ,h[ev] highly my feel+s may be wr\ght on ?is subject1 !y h n got ! bett] ( my und]/&+4 ,i am p]fectly satisfi$ t x is "o ( ^? evils :i* _c be remov$ by a s+le /roke4 ,! imm$iate emancipation ( all ! slaves1 w\ld d\btless be att5d$ ) consequ5ces1 bo? ^u !mselves & ! :ites1 va/ly m t]rible & di/ress+1 ?an all ! horr\rs ( slav]y4 ,& if ,/4 ,paul himself 7 n[ on e>?1 & consult$ on ! subject1 ,i d\bt n he w\ld disapprove ( su* a measure4 ,x has be5 already %[n t !re are evils exi/+ 9 ! pagan _w1 :i* are directly oppos$ to ,*ri/ianity2 & yet ! g5ius ( ! gospel1 ^u its fir/ introduction1 does n dem& _! imm$iate & entire abolition4 ,& al?\gh ?is c\ntry is n /rictly speak+ a pagan c\ntry1 yet ! practice 9 "q is a pagan practice2 & s effectually wr\ght into ! habits & feel+s & in/itutions ( our l&1 t its complete extirpation mu/ necess>ily be ! "w ( "t4--,b "h let x be p>ticul>ly obs]v$1 t1 9 all su* cases1 we h no lic5ce = ! tol]ation ( any s9ful cu/om1 a s+le mom5t1 )\t ! adoption ( wise & prud5t measures calculat$ ultimately to aboli% x4 ,?is1 x appe>s to me1 is ! only c\rse t c be adopt$ 9 ?is c\ntry = ! annihilation ( slav]y2 & 9 ?is po9t ( view1 ,i introduce to y\r notice1 ! object & op]ations ( ! 8,am]ican ,colonization ,society40 ,?is association 0 =m$1 at ! city ( ,wa%+ton1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> #ahag2 & is patroniz$ by _m ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ (fic]s ( ! g5]al gov]nm5t4 ,! ,*ief ,ju/ice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has be51 f its fir/ =mation1 ! presid5t ( ! ,society4 ,its object is ! transportation to ,africa ( ! free p ( col\r1 :o are will+ to g1 & ! e/abli%m5t ( !m 9 a colony1 or colonies1 "u all ! advantages ( civil & religi\s privileges4 ,?\gh its incipi5t measures 7 att5d$ ) "s adv]se provid5ces1 yet x has progress$ ) z mu* success1 & ) z flatt]+ prospects z c\ld possibly h be5 anticipat$4 ,a di/rict ( f]tile t]ritory on ! ,we/]n ,coa/ ( ,africa has be5 pur*as$ ( ! natives1 & a fl\ri%+ colony plant$ !re1 "u ! direction & control ( resid5t ag5ts4 ,s*ools are organiz$1 & ! means ( grace e/abli%$ among !m4 ,! plan has be5 c\nt5anc$1 ?\gh n explicitly approv$1 by ! gov]nm5t ( our c\ntry2 & x has be5 di/9ctly recomm5d$ by ! supreme judicatories ( sev]al ( ! mo/ num]\s & respectable d5om9ations ( ,*ri/ians to ! patronage ( _! memb]s1 especially on ?is int]e/+ occasion4 ,z ?is ,society1 s9ce its organization1 has met ) consid]able opposition1 ,i feel x to be my duty to pres5t a few consid]ations 9 support ( its claims4 ,if ! slaves ( our c\ntry are ev] to enjoy all ! bless+s ( fre$om1 x mu/ evid5tly be1 9 a /ate ( total sep>ation f ! :ite population4 ,su* are ! pres5t feel+s ( our citiz5s1 & s firmly are !y fix$ 9 _! brea/s1 t we ne$ nev] expect to see ! blacks amalgamat$ ) ! :ites 9 all ! social connexions ( life4 ,9 :at di/rict ( our c\ntry w ! latt] become will+ to connect !mselves ) ! =m] 9 ! relations ( ! dome/ick circle8 ,:at legislature w be will+ to admit ! negro to equal privileges & p[]s ) ! :ite man1 on ! floor ( ! s5ate *amb]8 ,:at ,univ]sity w hold =? ! same advantages & hon\rs to our own *ildr5 & ! desc5dants ( ,africans8 ,b until all ^! ?+s are realiz$1 if !y mu/ live toge!r 9 ! same t]ritory1 ! negro's m9d w =ev] be depress$ to ! du/ ) a s5se ( consci\s inf]iority1 & c nev] aspire to ^? elevat$ di/9ctions ( :i* x is capable4 ,& ?is is ! gr& reason ( all t pres5t dulness & /upidity1 :i* are frequ5tly adduc$1 z evid5ce t negroes are a race ( be+s b little elevat$ above ! brutal creation4 ,if !re=e univ]sal lib]ty %\ld be proclaim$ ?r\gh our l&1 & ! ,african race /ill be p]mitt$ to live 9 ! mid/ ( u1 disfran*is$ by our feel+s & cu/oms1 if n by our laws1#b ( ! rights ( freem51 we h no reason to suppose t !y w\ld be ess5tially improv$ or b5efit$ by _! fre$om4 ,x is !re=e mo/ palpably manife/1 t if our slaves are ev] to enjoy all ! bless+s ( lib]ty1 !y mu/ n only be lib]at$ f ! *a9s ( bondage1 b at ! same "t1 be plac$ 9 a situation 9 :i* !y may aspire to all ! advantages & di/9ctions ( civiliz$ life4 ,footnote #b3 ,9 "s ( ! /ates1 ev5 :]e slav]y is aboli%$1 ! blacks are disfran*is$ ( ! rights ( citiz5s4 ,to ! et]nal disgrace ( our own /ate1 ! despotick pr9ciples ( our ,con/itution h be5 multipli$ in/ead ( be+ dim9i%$ by ! late ,conv5tion4 ,by ! old ,con/itution1 only "o class ( citiz5s 7 dive/$ ( c]ta9 natural rights )\t hav+ committ$ any crime to =feit !m4 ,b by ! pres5t ,con/itution !re are two4 ,& ! reasons 9 bo? cases are v simil>2 9 ! "o1 we>+ a black coat1 & 9 ! o!r1 a black sk94 ,b ! op]ation ( ^! regulations is mu* m oppressive 9 ! latt]1 ?an 9 ! =m] case4 ,! col\r ( a man's dress dep5ds on 8 own w2 b1 8! ,e?iopian ,,_c *ange 8 sk910 if he w\ld4 ,?is is ! imm$iate object ( ! ,colonization ,society4 ,nor is x a m]e matt] ( d\btful exp]im5t4 ,a simil> attempt has long s9ce be5 made by ! ,briti% nation1 at ,si]ra ,leone1 & ! result has fully prov5 to ! _w1 t ! m9ds ( black m5 are z capable z ! :ites1 :5 plac$ "u equal circum/ances ( improvem5t4 ,! same results are beg9n+ to be realiz$ 9 ! infant colony plant$ by our own c\ntrym5 at ,cape ,mesurado4 ,& no?+ is want+1 b ! patronage ( our own citiz5s1 to ext5d ! same advantages to hundr$s & ?\s&s ( ! degrad$ & oppress$ sons ( ,africa1 :o are /ill 9 our l&4 ,9 fur!r confirmation ( ! same views1 x may be obs]v$1 t 9 ! slave-hold+ /ates !re are _m own]s ( slaves :o w\ld gladly emancipate !m1 b are expressly prohibit$4 ,x is impossible1 !re=e1 = !m to proclaim 8lib]ty to ! captives10 unless !y c transport !m )\t ! limits ( ! /ate4 ,:at !n c su* b5evol5t ma/]s d ) _! slaves8 ,to turn !m out into our we/]n wilds1 w\ld be to expose !m to c]ta9 />vation2 or if any surviv$1 !y w\ld be hunt$ d[n z wild bea/s1 by a h]d ( brutal kidnapp]s1 & c>ri$ back & sold to less m]ciful ma/]s ?an !y s]v$ be=e4 ,to transport !m to a =eign %ore1 if any individual 7 able to incur ! exp5se1 )\t any conc]t ( action1 w\ld be to expose !m to imm$iate dea? by b>b>\s h&s4 ,x is !re=e impossible to af=d ^? :o are dispos$1 an opportunity to emancipate _! slaves1 )\t su* a conc]t ( action z %all protect ! colony 9 its infantile /ate1 till x %all acquire /r5g? & ability to def5d itself4 ,su* is ! object ( ! ,colonization ,society4 ,let n ?is ef=t ( b5efic5ce be p>aliz$ by ! plea1 t x is an insignificant und]tak+ comp>$ ) ! magnitude ( ! evil int5d$ to be remov$4 ,did y nev] see a cl\d1 no bigg] ?an a man's h&1 at its fir/ appe>ance1 f9ally ov]spread ! :ole horizon & p\r a copi\s bless+ on ! ?ir/y e>?8 ,:at plan ( b5evol5ce1 9 ?is fall5 _w1 0 n small at its comm5cem5t8 ,ev5 ! k+dom ( ,god 0 once l a gra9 ( mu/>d se$2 b x has gradually increas$ & w cont9ue to gr[ till x fills ! _w4 ,! ,h]culean lab\r ( aboli%+ ! slave-trade1 ) all its bloody horr\rs1 0 comm5c$1 )9 our recollection1 by a s+le individual1 9 ! legislature ( a s+le nation1 amid/ ! clam\rs ( a ho/ ( opposition2 & yet t individual has liv$1 & we h liv$1 to see ! horrid traffick proscrib$1 n only by t nation1 b by ! civiliz$ _w1 & ! practice decl>$ piracy by sev]al nations4 ,:at influ5ce !n c a consid]ation ( ! smallness ( ! means1 comp>$ ) ! end1 h ^u ! b5evol5t m9d 9 relation to ?is subject8 ,x may inde$ /imulate to increas$ ex]tion1 b x surely c produce no disc\rag+ effect4 ,b ev5 admitt+ t ! ef=ts ( ?is ,society %\ld nev] ultimately accompli% ! object ( its aim1 ! entire abolition ( ,am]ican slav]y1 !re is "o important result :i* x _c fail to produce4 ,besides secur+ ! bless+s ( fre$om & self-gov]nm5t to "s ( ^? :o _h previ\sly groan$ "u ! *a9s ( bitt] s]vitude1 x w af=d a ready introduction ( ! bless+s ( civilization & ! gospel to ! b5ight$ tribes ( ,africa4 ,x is record$ 9 ,god's sure ^w ( prophecy1 t 8,e?iopia %all /ret* =? h] h&s to ,god10 :ile 8! isles ( ! sea %all wait = 8 law40 ,9 view ( ! num]\s & simultane\s ef=ts ( ! ,*ri/ian _w to ext5d ! bless+s ( ! gospel to ! ends ( ! e>?1 we may ju/ly consid] ! ex]tions ( ! ,am]ican ,colonization ,society z ultimately1 ?\gh n directly1 aim+ at ! same object2 & we may ) propriety reg>d ! ,in/itution z "o important :eel 9 t va/ sy/em ( moral ma*9]y :i*1 "u ! bless+ ( heav51 is de/9$ to reg5]ate a fall5 _w4 ,9 ?is view ( ! subject1 ,i _c b indulge 9 :at "s may call ! flights ( fancy1 b :at ,i fondly p]suade myself is ! reality ( vision4 ,o ,africa1 long oppress$ & degrad$ ,africa6 ,heav5 has witness$ ?y bitt] suff]+s1 & ! long black catalogue ( ?y wrongs is hid up 9 /ore aga9/ ! day ( retribution4 ,b ,i see ! ,sun ( righte\sness aris+ ^u !e1 ) heal+ 9 8 w+s4 ,i see ! %ades ( m ?an ,egyptian d>kness dispell$ by 8 respl5d5t rays4 ,i see ?y w\nds1 :i* h be5 ble$+ = ages1 in/antly /aun*$ & heal$4 ,i see ! f]ocity ( ! tyg] ex*ang$ = ! meekness ( ! lamb4 ,i he> ?y groves & pla9s res\nd+ ) ! %\ts ( joy & gladness1 & ! /ill sweet] song ( r$eem+ grace & love4 ,i see 8?y wild]nesses & solit>y places made glad1 & ?y des]t rejoic+ & blossom+ z ! rose4 ,?y p>*$ gr\nd has become a pool1 & ?y ?ir/y l& spr+s ( wat]4 ,9 ! habitation ( dragons1 :]e ea* lay1 !re is grass ) re$s & ru%es4 ,& a high way is !re1 & a way t is call$ ! ,way ( ,hol9ess3 ! unclean %all n pass ov] x3 b x %all be = !e2 ! way-f>+ m51 ?\gh fools1 %all n err !re94 ,no lion %all be !re1 nor any rav5\s bea/ %all g up !reon1 x %all n be f\nd !re2 b ! r$eem$ %all walk !re4 ,& ! ransom$ ( ! ,"l %all return & come to ,zion ) songs & ev]la/+ joy ^u _! heads3 !y %all obta9 joy & gladness2 & sorr[ & sigh+ %all flee away40 ,isaiah xxxv4 #a-aj4 ,^! bless$ results ,i see effect$ by ! in/rum5tality ( ,am]ica1 ! au?or ( all ?y wrongs4 ,& ?\gh ?y sweat & te>s & blood h1 = ages1 be5 cry+ to heav5 f ! gr\nd1 = v5geance on h] devot$ head2 yet n[ ,i he> ?y voice1 9 ! true _s ( gospel =giv5ess1 intreat+ p>don = ?y guilty murd]]s4 8,o rememb] n aga9/ !m _! =m] iniquities40 ,i see a tide ( pi\s joy & gratitude1 fl[+ f ?y /ream+ eyes1 suffici5t1 if aught b a ,savi\r's blood 7 suffici5t1 to wa% away _! crimson /a9s4 ,o happy1 happy l&1 once wret*$ & =lorn6 ,?y "m's *ildr5 %all no long] be angry ) !e1 because ?\ art black1 because ! sun ha? look$ ^u !e--!y %all no long] make !e keep] ( _! v9ey>ds1 :ile ?9e own v9ey>d lies wa/e4 ,?y complexion is inde$ black1 b comely2 & ?y s\l has be5 wa%$ 9 ! f\nta9 ( r$eem+ grace1 z :ite & z pure z ! r$eem$ ( any o!r clime2 & ?\ can/ n[ *aunt z high a note ( praise to ! ,god ( ?y salvation2 & ?\gh "h ?\ ha/ be5 exclud$ f ! rights ( freem51 & ! society ( :ite m51 yet 9 heav5 ?\ %alt m+le1 )\t discrim9ation1 among ! blood-b\ght ?rong1 & !re occupy z high a ?rone1 & we> z bright a cr[n4 ,9 urg+ ! claims ( ?is subject1 x is necess>y t ,i %\ld obviate an objection :i* is frequ5tly made 9 ?is section ( ! c\ntry4 ,x is said t 8?is is a matt] 9 :i* we h no conc]n at all--t x belongs exclusively to ! s\!rn /ates40 ,if ?is plea 7 f\nd$ 9 fact1 are we will+ to admit1 t ! citiz5s ( ! nor!rn /ates are s selfi%1 t !y h no sympa?y = ! suff]+s ( humanity1 if !y are only out ( sight8 ,b ,i am bold to ass]t t ?is objection is utt]ly gr\ndless2 & t !re is n a s+le native or naturaliz$ citiz5 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates b is v]ily guilty 9 ?is matt]4 ,x is a well kn[n fact1 t 9 e orig9al /ate 9 ! union1 except+ "o1 slav]y has be5 sanction$2 & t x /ill exi/s1 to a great] or less ext5t1 9 all ! /ates & t]ritories ) ! exception ( five4 ,n[ x is useless = a man to plead n guilty to ! *>ge ( murd]1 because he has tak5 ! life ( only "o individual1 :ile o!rs may h sla9 _! ?\s&s4 ,x is ! pr9ciple we are conc]n$ )1 & ! pr9ciple ( slav]y has be5 z firmly sanction$ 9 mo/ ( ! nor!rn /ates1 z 9 any "p ( ! union2 ?\gh our citiz5s h nev] f\nd x = _! int]e/ to c>ry x z f>4 ,b = ?is s+le circum/ance1 ,i presume e f>m 9 ?is region w\ld n[ be cultivat$ by ! lab\r1 & wat]$ by ! sweat ( negroes4 ,) :at an ill grace !n c any1 :o h implicitly or explicitly sworn allegiance to ! in/itutions ( _! respective /ates & ! g5]al gov]nm5t1 especially ^? :o h be51 or /ill are ! own]s ( human fle% & blood1 hold up _! heads & say1 8,we are pure f ! blood ( ,africans80 ,b1 my he>]s1 ,i h n yet pres5t$ ?is subject 9 ! light ( its mo/ appall+ d>kness2 nor appli$ ! %>pe/ po9t ( its univ]sal be>+4 ,! union ( ^! ,/ates 0 orig9ally pur*as$ at ! price ( ! blood & groans ( ,africa2 & all our citiz5s f ! nor? & ! s\?1 f ! ea/ & ! we/1 gave _! cons5t to ! b>ga94 ,"o section ( ! con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 writt51 l ! laws ( ,draco1 9 l9es ( blood2 ! blood ( ,africans4#c ,by x1 all ! horr\rs ( ! slave-trade1 ! :ole root & /ock & bran* ( :i* slav]y is ! bitt] fruit1 7 firmly sanction$ = ?irty t$i\s ye>s4 ,dur+ ?is gloomy p]iod1 "u ! sanction ( ! *>t] ( freem51 & ( freem5 too1 :o1 9 ! days ( _! emancipation f ! *a9s ( despotism1 appeal$ to heav5 = ! s9c]ity ( _! int5tions1 :ile !y decl>$ to ! _w 8t all m5 are creat$ equal1 & end[$ by _! ,creator ) an unali5able "r to life1 lib]ty & ! pursuit ( happ9ess20 "u ! sanction ( su* a *>t]1 adopt$ by su* m51 & "u su* circum/ances1 ?\s&s & t5s ( ?\s&s ( h>mless ,africans1 :o 7 born free z ! air ( heav51 or ! /reams ( ! f\nta91 7 =cibly dragg$ f _! native %ores1 b\nd ) massy *a9s1 cr[d$ into ! fil?y hold ( a float+ dungeon1 )\t p[] to rise or room to /&2 & :5 multitudes _h be5 swept (f by wa/+ pe/il5ce1 & f\nd a wat]y grave1 ! wret*$ remnant1 emaciat$ ) fam9e & worn d[n ) disease1 7 sold "u ! hamm] into p]petual bondage4 ,)\t ! sanction ( all ^! horr\rs1 ! union ( ^! /ates w\ld nev] h be5 effect$4 ,& 9 cons5t+ to ?is measure1 ! nor!rn /ates became volunt>ily p>tak]s ) ^? ( ! s\?1 9 all ! guilt ( ! b>b>\s slave-trade & all its horrid consequ5ces4 ,footnote #c3 ,article ,i4 ,sec4 #i4 ,o my c\ntry6 :at atonem5t can/ ?\ make = su* bloody crimes8 ,:at f\nta91 b t :i* fl[s f ,calv>y1 c wa% away ?y crimson /a9s8 ,9 va9 w\ld/ ?\ (f] 8_m ?\s&s ( rams1 or t5 ?\s&s ( riv]s ( oil4 ,! blood ( ?y fir/born w\ld n expiate ?y transgression1 nor ! fruit ( ?y body1 ! s9 ( ?y s\l40 ,mic4 vi4 #g4 8,?\gh ?\ wa% !e ) nitre1 & take !e mu* soap1 yet ?9e iniquity is m>k$ be=e me1 sai? ! ,"l ,god40 ,j]4 ii4 #bb4 ,i besee* !e1 d n aggravate ?y guilt1 & provoke anew ! wra? ( heav51 by ju/ify+ ?y de$s or plead+ innoc5t ( ! *>ge4 8,= ?y s9 is writt5 ) a p5 ( iron1 & ) ! po9t ( a diamond2 x is grav5 on ! table ( ?y he>t1 &0 if n 8^u ! horns ( ?y alt>s10 x is inscrib$ 9 ! ar*ives ( ?y cab9et1 & :il/ ?y *ildr5 %all read ! legacies ( _! fa!rs !y %all rememb] & be> witness ( ?y crimes1 to ! late/ po/]ity4 ,fly1 ,o fly1 9 ! fir/ place1 to ! f\nta9 ( a ,savi\r's ble$+ ve9s1 & !re be wa%$ f all ?y pollution3 & !n1 z a te/imony ( ?y gratitude1 t mu*1 v mu* is =giv5 !e1 summon all ?y en]gies to repair ! injuries ?\ ha/ done4 8,proclaim lib]ty to ?y captives2 say to ! prison]s1 g =?2 & to !m t are 9 d>kness1 %[ y\rselves40 ,isa4 xlix4 #i4 ,re/ore !m to 8! l& ( _! fa!rs' sepul*res10 & let !m once m peacefully enjoy ! inh]itance ( _! ance/ors4 ,:]ev] !y may h be5 born1 ,africa is _! home4 ,?\gh transport$ to ! mo/ di/ant c\ntries1 & situat$ 9 ! mo/ temp]ate regions ( ! globe1 & transmitt$ ?r\gh a s]ies ( g5]ations1 !y /ill reta9 9 ! con/itution ( _! frames1 & on ! :ole surface ( _! bodies1 ! title ( heav5 to ^? torrid climes4 ,! ,god ( nature has evid5tly det]m9$1 t !y %all nev] be dive/$ ( _! orig9al inh]itance4 ,?\gh 8! desc5dants ( ,cu% c nev] *ange _! sk910 yet ! "t w come :5 _! s\ls %all be made :ite 9 ! blood ( ! ,lamb2 & !n1 9 _! own l&1 :i* ,god allott$ to _! prog5itor1 !y %all /ret* =? _! h&s to ,god1 & "u _! own v9e & fig-tree enjoy ! fruit ( _! lab\rs1 )\t any to mole/ or make !m afraid4 ,!re is "o consid]ation m1 by :i* ,i w\ld urge ! claims ( ?is subject4 ,if ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates _c be ext5sively ar\s$ to und]take ! r$ress ( ,african wrongs1 f motives ( humanity1 & a s5se ( duty1 ! appreh5sion ( p]sonal dang] may ) propriety be awak5$ 9 _! m9ds4 ,god deals ) nations1 9 ?is _w1 on a diff]5t pr9ciple f :at he deals ) individuals4--,! wick$ man is (t5 p]mitt$ to prosp] 9 8 s9s1 & to die )\t pa92 because ! righte\s retributions ( ju/ice await him 9 ! et]nal _w4--,b wick$ nations exi/1 9 _! national capacity1 only 9 ?is life4 ,!re=e1 if national s9s are ev] visit$ ) ! indignation ( heav51 x mu/ be 9 ! pres5t _w4 ,h5ce1 we may draw ! conclusion1 t if ,am]ican slav]y is (f5sive to ,god1 ! judgm5ts ( heav5 are n[ imp5d+ ov] ?is guilty nation4 ,& 9 :at =m !y w desc5d1 we ne$ n ! _s ( prophecy to progno/icate4 ,9 sev]al ( ! slave-hold+ /ates1 ! black population is already ne>ly equal to ! :ite2 & ! ratio ( increase is s mu* 9 _! fav\r1 t1 9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s1 !y w be f> ! mo/ num]\s4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( t5 ye>s int]v5+ betwe5 ! la/ ,unit$ ,/ates' c5sus & ! prec$+1 ! foll[+ 0 ! ratio ( increase 9 sev]al /ates3 ,9 ,k5tucky1 ! blacks increas$ #eg p] c5t1 :ites only #cg p] c5t4 ,t5nessee1 ! blacks increas$ #hj p] c5t1 :ites only #eg p] c5t4 ,georgia1 ! blacks increas$ #dj p] c5t1 :ites only #cj p] c5t4 ,nor?-,c>ol9a1 ! blacks increas$ #bb p] c5t1 :ites only #aa p] c5t4 ,s\?-,c>ol9a1 ! blacks increas$ #bf p] c5t1 :ites only #h p] c5t4 ,& 9 ,l\isiana z e>ly z #ahaj !re 7 #e blacks to e f\r :ite m54 ,x is obvi\s1 t1 at ?is rate1 9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s1 ^? di/ricts ( our c\ntry w be cov]$ ) a black population2 9 comp>ison ) :i*1 ! :ites w appe> z gras%opp]s be=e !m4 ,n[ ,i ask1 9 su* a /ate ( ?+s1 :at c h9d] ! blacks f aris+1 & aft] av5g+ all _! wrongs1 by slay+ _! oppos]s1 tak+ possession ( ^? v l&s z ! rew>d ( _! own & _! fa!rs' lab\rs8 ,d y say1 _! m9ds are incapable ( su* an ent]prize8 ,look at ,/4 ,dom+o2 :at has be5 effect$ !re by ! ,african race1 9 z ignorant & degrad$ a /ate z is any :]e witness$ 9 our own c\ntry6 ,& :at w our blacks ne$1 b a few resolute spirits to conc5trate _! ef=ts & direct _! en]gies8 ,& if ! g5ius ( negroes is s f> debas$ 9 our own c\ntry1 t nature _c produce !m "h1 !y c easily be furni%$ f ! k+dom ( ,hayti4 ,?\gh t little empire is n[ at peace ) u & ! _w1 yet black m5 h always a peculi> sympa?y = _! own col\r4 ,besides ?is1 _m ( our own free blacks h already gone1 & _m m w /ill g to t isl&1 to enjoy all ! bless+s ( lib]ty1 civilization & sci5ce2 leav+ _m ( _! bro!rs & *ildr5 & connexions 9 bondage among u4--,& d y ?9k t a black man's memory is s trea*]\s1 or 8 he>t s call\s1 t he c =get1 or n feel = ! wrongs ( 8 own fle% & blood8 ,dep5d ^u x1 my he>]s1 on ! %ore ( t sea-beat5 isle1 _m a *ampion w /&1 & :ile he looks to ! nor? & rejoices 9 ! privileges :i* he is p]mitt$ to enjoy1 he w long to imp>t !m to ^? he has left beh9d2 & if no?+ is done1 on y\r "p1 to r$ress ! wrongs ( ,africa1 be=e y are aw>e1 ! al>m ( w>1 ! d9 ( arms1 & ! rage ( conflagration w h laid 9 ru9s ! faire/ portions ( our l&4#d ,footnote #d3 ,if any are dispos$ to /yle ?is m]e conjecture1 be x s3 b x is no m ?an :at has already occurr$1 & may occur aga94 ,! revolution 9 ,/4 ,dom+o orig9at$ 9 ,france1 & 0 plann$ by a ,society call$ ,amis de ,noirs1 or ,fri5ds ( ! ,blacks1 organiz$ 9 ,p>is = ! express purpose ( aid+ ! negroes 9 recov]+ _! lib]ty2 ( :i* ,la ,fayette & o!r di/+ui%$ citiz5s 7 ! patrons4 ,& ! fir/ individual t drew 8 sword1 0 a mulatto :o _h be5 educat$ 9 ,p>is1 & s5t to 8 native isle to deliv] 8 col\r$ bre?r5 f bondage4 ,d ,i he> ! inhabitants ( ! nor? say1 8,if su* ev5ts %\ld be realiz$1 ! desolation w n come nigh u2 & we w n int]f]e to av5ge ! slaught] ( slave-hold]s60 ,& are y !n prep>$ to p]jure y\rselves8 ,y h sworn to ma9ta9 ! union ( ^! /ates1 at ! price ( y\r treasures & y\r lives2 & are y n[ m$itat+ treason & rebellion 9 y\r he>ts8 ,y h become a p>ty to ! guilt ( slav]y1 & w y des]t y\r fri5ds :5 ! contract on ! "p ( heav5 is to be fulfill$8 ,b if y are v]ily guilty 9 ?is matt]1 d n imag9e t y c evade ! puni%m5t ( su* a crime4 ,x is ! righte\s ,god ( heav5 t pleads ! cause ( ! oppress$3 &1 ?\gh ! sc5e ( battle may n be laid at y\r doors2 ?\gh ! fi]ce/ wra? may be p\r$ out ^u ^? portions ( our c\ntry :]e slav]y has exi/$ 9 its mo/ ext5sive & cruel =ms2 yet ! h& ( ju/ice w1 9 "s way or o!r1 mete out to e di/rict ! full tale ( its des]t4 ,let u he> no m !n ( local jeal\sies & feel+s1 b z ! s9 has involv$ u 9 a common guilt1 let u aim at a common & timely expiation4 ,! pa? ( pres5t duty lies op5 be=e u1 & x is only by dilig5t & fai?ful p]sev]ance !re91 t we c expect to escape ! indignation ( heav54 ,?is is a conc]n 9 :i* e citiz5 ( ! c\ntry is int]e/$2 :e!r he is n[ or ev] has be5 a slave-hold] or n3 & !re is some?+ = e "o to d4 ,! sympa?ies ( e he>t mu/ be ar\s$2 ! patronage ( e purse mu/ be secur$ 9 fav\r ( ^! incipi5t measures to rem$y ! evil2 publick att5tion mu/ n only be ar\s$ by an occasional effusion1 b be kept awake by frequ5t communications2 ! g5]al gov]nm5t mu/ be conv9c$ t x is n en\gh to c\nt5ance1 !y mu/ approve & aid ?is humane und]tak+--t ! f\nta9 ( guilt spr+s f ! f\ndation ( our ,capitol1 & t ! pr9cipal rem$y mu/ be appli$ !re2 our /ate legislatures mu/ be made to feel t !y also h imbru$ _! h&s 9 ,african blood1 & t n a mom5t is to be lo/ 9 wa%+ away ! /a94 ,e motive t c int]e/ ! philan?ropi/1 ! patriot1 ! ,*ri/ian & ! ,*ri/ian ,mission>y is pres5t$ 9 ?is subject1 & he t c be ins5sible ( its influ5ce is unwor?y to occupy a place 9 human society1 unless 9 ! capacity ( 8a s]vant ( s]vants40 ,may ! voice ( timely w>n+ ar\se u1 be=e ! sword ( sleepless ju/ice smite our s\ls4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,miss+ or obscur$ punctuation 0 sil5tly correct$4 ,typographical errors 7 sil5tly correct$4 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation 7 made consi/5t only :5 a pr$om9ant =m 0 f\nd 9 ?is book4 ,text t 0 9 italics is enclos$ by und]scores 7italics74