,a ,,guide ,,book ,,of ,,art1 ,,architecture1 ,,and ,,historic ,,interests ,,in ,,pennsylvania ,illustration3 ,,reading ,,the ,,declaration ,,of ,,independence ,painted by ,edwin ,a4 ,abbey4 ,m4 ,g4 ,abbey ,from a ,copley ,print1 ,curtis and ,cameron1 ,publishers1 ,boston ,a ,,guide ,,book ,,of ,,art1 ,,architecture1 ,,and ,,historic ,,interests ,,in ,,pennsylvania ,,edited ,,by ,a4 ,,margaretta ,,archambault ,,illustrated ,illustration ,,philadelphia ,,the ,,john ,c4 ,,winston ,,company #aibd ,copyright1 #aibd1 by ,,the ,,john ,c4 ,,winston ,,company ,all rights reserved ,,printed ,,in ,,the ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,,state ,,federation ,,of ,,pennsylvania ,,women ,president ,,mrs4 ,,john ,b4 ,,hamme ,art ,committee for the ,guide ,book ,,miss ,a4 ,,margaretta ,,archambault1 ,chairman ,philadelphia ,,mrs4 ,,ross ,,barrows ,lock ,haven ,,mrs4 ,,earl ,,barnes ,philadelphia ,,miss ,,mary ,s4 ,,garretson ,pittsburgh ,,mrs4 ,,ethel ,,herron ,,hayes ,monongahela ,,miss ,,alice ,,henry ,pittsburgh ,,mrs4 ,,robert ,,mckelvy ,titusville ,,miss ,,irene ,b4 ,,martin ,allentown ,,miss ,,sarah ,r4 ,,paiste ,west ,chester ,,mrs4 ,,john ,g4 ,,reading ,williamsport ,,mrs4 ,,walter ,,king ,,sharpe ,chambersburg ,,mrs4 ,,andrew ,,thompson ,honesdale ,,hail6 ,,pennsylvania ,hail6 ,pennsylvania1 ,noble and strong6 ,to thee with loyal hearts ,we raise our song4 ,swelling to heaven1 loud ,our praises ring2 ,hail6 ,pennsylvania1 ,of thee we sing6 ,majesty as a crown ,rests on thy brow2 ,pride1 ,honor1 ,glory1 ,love1 ,before thee bow4 ,ne'er can thy spirit die1 ,thy walls decay2 ,hail6 ,pennsylvania1 ,for thee we pray4 ,hail6 ,pennsylvania1 ,guide of our youth6 ,lead thou thy children on ,to light and truth2 ,thee when death summons us1 ,others shall praise1 ,hail6 ,pennsylvania1 ,through endless days6 ,edgar ,m4 ,dilley1 ,u4 of ,p41 #ahig4 ,lo1 sons of no mean ,commonwealth1 99 99 99 99 99 ,we exultant speak the name of ,state1 ,proclaim the great 8experiment0 that wrought1 ,as if by necromance 'mong doubting men1 ,fruition sure--beyond his ardent thought1 ,yet hidden in very heart of ,penn6 ,and bear the message1 flash it sea to sea1 ,who freedom serve must of themselves be free6 ,harvey ,maitland ,watts4 ,,the ,,plan ,,of ,,the ,,book ,this ,guide ,book of ,art1 ,architecture1 and ,historic ,interests in ,pennsylvania1 commenced by advice of ,mrs4 ,edward ,biddle of ,carlisle1 and fostered by ,mrs4 ,samuel ,semple of ,titusville1 during their presidency of the 8,state ,federation of ,pennsylvania ,women10 for the use of tourists1 is arranged chronologically1 beginning with the counties first formed2 towns in each county follow each other in location as closely as possible4 ,works of good art in the state have been catalogued1 together with a story of most interesting pioneer history1 that each one of the sixty-seven counties should have a chapter in the book2 those that have no art have the ,indian trails and thrilling experiences of our first brave pathfinders4 ,serious effort has been made to have all the information verified2 in some instances1 two or three counties have made the same claims for various historic firsts1 which have here been given their proper record1 through consultation with the ,state ,historians at ,harrisburg4 ,to keep the book small1 facts are scarcely more than outlined2 further information about them may be obtained from the bibliography of this book4 ,the chapter of each county was written by a most responsible person1 who lived there1 judges1 clergymen1 historians1 and a few by officers of the women's clubs1 thus giving inside knowledge that a stranger could never get4 ,all dry-as-dust statistics are omitted1 and only that which is of prominent interest is given4 ,authorities consulted have differed1 and mistakes will occur2 there will be sins of omission and commission in the work1 according to the point of view of the reader2 but they are few in comparison with the wealth of real information brought together within this cover4 ,to the many earnest helpers who have given their knowledge1 time and patience in obtaining and sending these reports1 warmest thanks and sincere appreciation are heartily given2 all honor is due to them4 ,we would like to give their names1 but some have asked that they be withheld and it is thought best to do so with all4 ,a4 ,,margaretta ,,archambault1 ,editor4 ,philadelphia1 ,june #ae1 #aiag4 ,,addenda ,this book1 finished for publication in #aiag1 was placed in the vaults of the ,historical ,society of ,pennsylvania1 as all money was needed for our soldiers4 ,the present committee1 appointed by ,mrs4 ,hamme1 has decided to publish the work as compiled in #aiag1 and not delay it by trying to bring the sixty-seven counties up to date4 ,conditions have been so unfavorable for new construction1 since the war1 that little has been done4 ,the population of towns1 however1 has been advanced to the #aibj statistics4 ,a4 ,m4 ,,archambault4 ,philadelphia1 ,june #cj1 #aibd4 ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,,page ,,state ,,federation ,,of ,,pennsylvania ,,women v ,,hail6 ,,pennsylvania vi ,,the ,,plan ,,of ,,the ,,book vii ,,philadelphia ,,historic ,,firsts #a ,,chapter ,i4 ,,the ,,commonwealth1 ,,or ,,state ,,of ,,pennsylvania 7,,penn',s ,,woods7 #bd ,,ii4 ,,bucks ,,county #afa ,,iii4 ,,chester ,,county #age ,,iv4 ,,lancaster ,,county #ahc ,v4 ,,york ,,county #aic ,,vi4 ,,cumberland ,,county #bja ,,vii4 ,,northampton ,,county #bjg ,,viii4 ,,berks ,,county #bae ,,ix4 ,,bedford ,,county #bbc ,x4 ,,northumberland ,,county #bbg ,,xi4 ,,westmoreland ,,county #bca ,,xii4 ,,washington ,,county #bce ,,xiii4 ,,fayette ,,county #bda ,,xiv4 ,,franklin ,,county #bdg ,,xv4 ,,montgomery ,,county #bec ,,xvi4 ,,dauphin ,,county #bga ,,xvii4 ,,luzerne ,,county #bgg ,,xviii4 ,,huntingdon ,,county #bhe ,,xix4 ,,allegheny ,,county #bhi ,,xx4 ,,mifflin ,,county #cja ,,xxi4 ,,delaware ,,county #cjg ,,xxii4 ,,lycoming ,,county #cai ,,xxiii4 ,,somerset ,,county #cbc ,,xxiv4 ,,greene ,,county #cbg ,,xxv4 ,,wayne ,,county #cca ,,xxvi4 ,,adams ,,county #ccg ,,xxvii4 ,,center ,,county #cda ,,xxviii4 ,,beaver ,,county #cdg ,,xxix4 ,,crawford ,,county #cea ,,xxx4 ,,erie ,,county #cee ,,xxxi4 ,,venango ,,county #cfc ,,xxxii4 ,,warren ,,county #cfg ,,xxxiii4 ,,butler ,,county #cga ,,xxxiv4 ,,mercer ,,county #cge ,,xxxv4 ,,armstrong ,,county #cgi ,,xxxvi4 ,,indiana ,,county #cha ,,xxxvii4 ,,cambria ,,county #che ,,xxxviii4 ,,clearfield ,,county #cia ,,xxxix4 ,,tioga ,,county #cie ,,xl4 ,,mckean ,,county #cii ,,xli4 ,,potter ,,county #djc ,,xlii4 ,,jefferson ,,county #djg ,,xliii4 ,,susquehanna ,,county #dji ,,xliv4 ,,bradford ,,county #dac ,,xlv4 ,,schuylkill ,,county #dai ,,xlvi4 ,,lehigh ,,county #dbe ,,xlvii4 ,,lebanon ,,county #dbi ,,xlviii4 ,,union ,,county #dcc ,,xlix4 ,,columbia ,,county #dcg ,l4 ,,pike ,,county #dci ,,li4 ,,perry ,,county #ddc ,,lii4 ,,juniata ,,county #dde ,,liii4 ,,monroe ,,county #ddi ,,liv4 ,,clarion ,,county #dec ,,lv4 ,,clinton ,,county #dee ,,lvi4 ,,wyoming ,,county #dfa ,,lvii4 ,,carbon ,,county #dfc ,,lviii4 ,,elk ,,county #dfi ,,lix4 ,,blair ,,county #dgc ,,lx4 ,,sullivan ,,county #dgg ,,lxi4 ,,forest ,,county #dha ,,lxii4 ,,lawrence ,,county #dhe ,,lxiii4 ,,fulton ,,county #dhi ,,lxiv4 ,,montour ,,county #dic ,,lxv4 ,,snyder ,,county #die ,,lxvi4 ,,cameron ,,county #eja ,,lxvii4 ,,lackawanna ,,county #eje ,,bibliography #eji ,,illustrations ,,reading ,,the ,,declaration ,,of ,,independence ,frontispiece ,,page ,,fourth ,,of ,,july ,,in ,,center ,,square1 ,,philadelphia #bh ,,john ,,marshall1 ,,chief ,,justice ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states1 #ahjh-ahce1 ,,philadelphia #cb ,,benjamin ,,franklin1 ,,philadelphia #cd ,,captain ,,nicholas ,,biddle1 ,,philadelphia #eb ,a ,,quiet ,,hour1 ,,philadelphia #eh ,,the ,,tragic ,,muse1 ,,philadelphia #ff ,,bishop ,,william ,,white1 ,,philadelphia #hf ,,the ,,duck ,,girl1 ,,philadelphia #aab ,,george ,,washington1 ,,philadelphia #aaf ,,bronze ,,tablet ,,in ,,boulder1 ,,chester ,,county #agf ,,bayard ,,taylor ,,monument1 ,,longwood1 ,,chester ,,county #ahj ,,main ,,building1 ,,franklin ,,and ,,marshall ,,college1 ,,lancaster1 ,,lancaster ,,county #ahf ,,cavalry ,,statue1 ,,erected ,,in #aijd1 ,,center ,,square1 ,,hanover1 ,,york ,,county #aih ,,dickinson ,,college1 8,,old ,,west10 ,,carlisle1 ,,cumberland ,,county #bjd ,,the ,,jail1 ,,at ,,reading1 ,,berks ,,county #baf ,,trinity ,,church1 ,,reading1 ,,built ,,in #agia1 ,,berks ,,county #bbj ,,the ,,victor1 ,,franklin ,,county #bej ,,perkiomen ,,bridge1 ,,built ,,in #agih1 ,,collegeville1 ,,montgomery ,,county #bef ,,the ,,joy ,,and ,,burden ,,of ,,life1 ,,dauphin ,,county #bgd ,,gallery ,,of ,,the ,,sculpture ,,hall1 ,,carnegie ,,institute1 ,,pittsburgh1 ,,allegheny ,,county #bib ,,the ,,crowning ,,of ,,labor1 ,,allegheny ,,county #bif ,,the ,,block ,,house1 ,,pittsburgh1 ,,allegheny ,,county #bih ,,old ,,stone ,,arch ,,on ,,jack',s ,,creek1 ,,mifflin ,,county #cjd ,,alfred ,o4 ,,deshing ,,memorial ,,art ,,gallery1 ,,chester1 ,,delaware ,,county #caj ,,lycoming ,,creek ,,near ,,williamsport1 ,,lycoming ,,county #cbj ,,stepping ,,stones1 ,,kimberly ,,river1 ,,somerset ,,county #cbd ,,riverside ,,park1 ,,irving ,,cliff1 ,,honesdale1 ,,wayne ,,county #ccd ,,old ,,pittsburgh ,,and ,,philadelphia ,,pike1 ,,adams ,,county #cch ,,court ,,house ,,and ,,governor ,,curtin ,,memorial1 ,,bellefonte1 ,,center ,,county #cdd ,,drake ,,monument ,,with ,,statue ,,of ,,the ,,driller1 ,,titusville1 ,,crawford ,,county #ced ,,washington ,,statue1 ,,erie ,,county #ceh ,,iron ,,furnace1 ,,oil ,,city ,,and ,,vicinity1 ,,venango ,,county #cff ,,vineyard ,,hill1 ,,butler ,,county #cgd ,,mural ,,painting ,,in ,,the ,,dome ,,of ,,mercer ,,county ,,court ,,house1 ,,mercer ,,county #cgf ,,the ,,devil',s ,,elbow1 ,,east ,,of ,,indiana1 ,,indiana ,,county #chb ,,monument ,,to ,,the ,,unknown ,,dead ,,of ,,the ,,johnstown ,,flood1 ,,cambria ,,county #chf ,,the ,,gap ,,below ,,johnstown1 ,,cambria ,,county #chh ,,antique ,,capital1 ,,chester ,,place1 ,,wellsboro1 ,,tioga ,,county #cif ,,kinzua ,,bridge1 ,,mckean ,,county #djj ,,on ,,the ,,sinnemahoning ,,creek1 ,,potter ,,county #djd ,,defense ,,of ,,the ,,flag1 ,,bradford ,,county #daf ,,henry ,,clay ,,iron ,,monument1 ,,pottsville1 ,,schuylkill ,,county #dbb ,,zion ,,reformed ,,church1 ,,allentown1 ,,schuylkill ,,county #dbf ,,the ,,oldest ,,canal ,,tunnel ,,in ,,the ,,united ,,states1 ,,lebanon ,,county #dcj ,,sawkill ,,falls1 ,,milford1 ,,pike ,,county #ddb ,,the ,,susquehanna ,,trail1 ,,clinton ,,county #def ,,st4 ,,mark',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,,mauch ,,chunk1 ,,carbon ,,county #dff ,,maps ,,page ,,philadelphia ,,county #be ,,colonial ,,walks ,,no4 #a #bg ,,colonial ,,walks ,,no4 #b #cf ,,germantown #adf ,,bucks ,,county #afb ,,chester ,,county #agd ,,lancaster ,,county #ahd ,,york ,,county #aib ,,cumberland ,,county #bjj ,,northampton ,,county #bjh ,,berks ,,county #bad ,,bedford ,,county #bbb ,,northumberland ,,county #bbf ,,westmoreland ,,county #bcb ,,washington ,,county #bcf ,,fayette ,,county #bdb ,,franklin ,,county #bdf ,,montgomery ,,county #bed ,,dauphin ,,county #bgb ,,luzerne ,,county #bgh ,,huntingdon ,,county #bhd ,,allegheny ,,county #bij ,,mifflin ,,county #cjb ,,delaware ,,county #cjf ,,lycoming ,,county #cah ,,somerset ,,county #cbb ,,greene ,,county #cbh ,,wayne ,,county #ccb ,,adams ,,county #ccf ,,center ,,county #cdb ,,beaver ,,county #cdf ,,crawford ,,county #cej ,,erie ,,county #cef ,,venango ,,county #cfd ,,warren ,,county #cfh ,,butler ,,county #cgj ,,mercer ,,county #cgf ,,armstrong ,,county #cgh ,,indiana ,,county #chb ,,cambria ,,county #chf ,,clearfield ,,county #cij ,,tioga ,,county #cid ,,mckean ,,county #djj ,,potter ,,county #djb ,,jefferson ,,county #djf ,,susquehanna ,,county #daj ,,bradford ,,county #dab ,,schuylkill ,,county #dah ,,lehigh ,,county #dbd ,,lebanon ,,county #dcj ,,union ,,county #dcd ,,columbia ,,county #dcf ,,pike ,,county #ddj ,,perry ,,county #ddd ,,juniata ,,county #ddf ,,monroe ,,county #ddh ,,clarion ,,county #deb ,,clinton ,,county #def ,,wyoming ,,county #dfj ,,carbon ,,county #dfd ,,elk ,,county #dfh ,,blair ,,county #dgb ,,sullivan ,,county #dgh ,,forest ,,county #dhj ,,lawrence ,,county #dhd ,,fulton ,,county #dij ,,montour ,,county #dib ,,snyder ,,county #dif ,,cameron ,,county #ejj ,,lackawanna ,,county #ejd ,,philadelphia ,,historic ,,firsts ,the first parks in ,north ,america provided for the pleasure of the people were dedicated by ,william ,penn at the settlement of ,philadelphia in #afhb4 ,they were the ,north ,eastern1 ,south ,eastern1 ,north ,western1 ,south ,western1 and ,centre ,squares1 now known respectively as ,franklin1 ,washington1 ,logan1 ,rittenhouse1 and ,penn ,squares4 ,in a letter dated #afhc1 ,william ,penn alludes to the glass-house of the ,free ,society of ,traders4 ,soon after this a glass-house was erected at ,frankford by ,english ,friends4 ,the first almanac printed in ,america was 8,kalendarium ,pennsilvaniense1 or1 ,america's ,messinger4 ,being an ,almanack for the ,year of ,grace1 #afhf40 ,it was edited by ,samuel ,atkins1 and published by ,william ,bradford1 #afhe4 ,the first paper mill in ,america was built by ,william ,rittenhouse1 on the banks of the ,wissahickon ,creek1 in the year #afij4 8,a new ,primmer or ,methodical ,direction to attain the ,true ,spelling1 ,reading and ,writing of ,english40 ,this was the first ,american school textbook2 though it was published in ,new ,york in #afih1 its author was ,francis ,daniel ,pastorius1 founder of ,germantown4 ,the first presbytery of the ,presbyterian ,church in the ,united ,states was formed in ,philadelphia in #agje4 ,it was composed of seven ministers1 and included ,philadelphia1 ,maryland1 ,delaware1 and the ,eastern shore of ,virginia4 ,the first botanical garden in ,america was started in #agje by ,dr4 ,christopher ,witt1 at the southeast corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,high ,street4 ,john ,bartram began his famous gardens in #agbh at ,gray's ,ferry on the ,schuylkill ,river4 ,the first ,mennonite ,church in ,america was erected in ,germantown1 at ,germantown ,avenue and ,herman ,street1 the first service being held therein1 ,may #bc1 #agjh4 ,the first institution in ,america for the care of the poor was the ,friends' ,almshouse1 established in ,philadelphia in #agac4 ,first municipal care of the poor in the ,united ,states was begun by the ,city of ,philadelphia in a rented building ,september #a1 #agac2 the first building was erected in #agca4 ,the first ,dunkard 7,tunker7 ,church in ,america was formed in ,germantown1 ,december #be1 #agbc1 at ,germantown ,avenue and ,upsal ,street4 ,the first love-feast celebrated in this country was observed by them the same evening4 ,the first association for the benefit of workers 7or labor organization7 in ,america was the 8,carpenters' ,company10 established in ,philadelphia1 in #agbd4 ,the first mariner's quadrant1 invented by ,thomas ,godfrey1 a glazier1 of ,nineteenth ,street and ,church ,lane1 ,germantown1 was made in #agcj4 ,first used in ,delaware ,bay by ,joshua ,fisher4 ,in #agbg a literary society was formed here by ,franklin and eleven associates4 ,this was the famous 8,junto10 and from it originated the ,library ,company of ,philadelphia1 the first library of a public nature in ,america4 ,the instrument of association was dated ,july #a1 #agca1 and the charter granted by the proprietary ,may #c1 #agdb4 ,the first club in ,america organized as a dining and fishing club was the 8,colony in ,schuylkill10 #agcb4 ,the name was afterwards changed to the 8,state in ,schuylkill40 ,the first ,german newspaper in ,america was ,die ,philadelphische ,zeitung1 published by ,benjamin ,franklin1 ,may #f1 #agcb4 ,there were but two numbers issued4 ,the first type made in ,america was made by ,christopher ,saur1 the ,germantown printer1 in #agce4 ,the first volunteer fire company in ,america1 8,the ,union ,fire ,company10 was founded by ,franklin and four associates1 ,december #g1 #agcf4 ,it lasted for eighty-four years4 ,february #ac1 #agda1 ,the ,american ,magazine1 or a ,monthly ,view of the ,political ,state of the ,british ,colonies1 was published by ,andrew ,bradford4 ,this was the first magazine published in ,america4 ,three days later1 ,february #af1 #agda1 ,franklin issued ,the ,general ,magazine and ,historical ,chronicle for all the ,british ,plantations in ,america4 ,the first ,german ,bible printed in ,america was by ,christopher ,saur1 in ,germantown1 #agdc4 ,saur also published the ,new ,testament in ,german4 ,he issued seven editions in the years #agde1 #agdg1 #agdh1 #agea4 ,the first institution in ,america devoted to science and learning was the 8,american ,philosophical ,society10 organized in #agdc4 ,by ,articles of ,agreement1 dated ,january #b1 #agfi1 there took place a union between this society and 8,the ,american ,society for ,promoting and ,propagating ,useful ,knowledge1 held at ,philadelphia10 the latter an outgrowth of the famous 8,junto0 established by ,franklin and his associates in #agbg4 ,from the date of union until the present time but one society has existed1 known as the 8,american ,philosophical ,society40 ,the first lightning rod was placed upon the home of its inventor1 ,benjamin ,franklin1 at #ada 7now #cbe7 ,market ,street1 in #agdi4 ,in ,december1 #agdi1 certain ,scotchmen living in ,philadelphia organized the 8,st4 ,andrew's ,society at ,philadelphia in ,pensilvania40 ,the object of the society was the relief of poor and distressed ,scotsmen4 ,it was the first organization of the kind in this country4 ,the first hospital in ,america was 8,the ,pennsylvania ,hospital10 chartered by ,assembly of ,pennsylvania1 ,may #aa1 #agea4 ,the first ,american work on botany was by ,john ,bartram and was published in #agea4 ,its title was 8,observations on the ,inhabitants1 ,climate1 ,soil1 ,divers ,productions1 ,animals1 etc41 made in his travels from ,pennsylvania to ,onondaga1 ,oswego1 and the ,lake ,ontario40 ,the first fire insurance company in ,america was the 8,philadelphia ,contributionship for the ,insurance of ,houses from ,loss by ,fire40 ,it was organized ,april #ac1 #ageb1 and twelve directors chosen at that time1 who held their first meeting ,may #aa1 #ageb4 ,at this meeting was adopted the well-known seal which has given the company its nickname of 8,hand-in-,hand40 ,the first expedition fitted out in the ,united ,states for ,arctic exploration and the discovery of a northwest passage1 sailed from ,philadelphia on the schooner ,argo1 ,captain ,charles ,swaine1 ,march #h1 #agec4 ,the first cartoon published in ,america was the famous snake divided into eight parts1 representing the colonies3 ,new ,england1 ,new ,york1 ,new ,jersey1 ,pennsylvania1 ,maryland1 ,virginia1 ,north ,carolina1 and ,south ,carolina1 and bore the motto1 8,join or die40 ,it was published by ,benjamin ,franklin in 8,the ,pennsylvania ,gazette10 ,may #i1 #aged1 and was called forth by the massacres of colonists in the ,french and ,indian wars4 ,the first life insurance company in this country was the 8,presbyterian ,ministers' ,fund of ,philadelphia10 founded in #agei4 ,the first mention of ,shakespeare 7discovered to date1 ,april1 #aiaf7 in any ,american work occurs in 8,science1 ,a ,poem10 by ,francis ,hopkinson4 ,published by ,william ,dunlap in ,philadelphia1 #agfb4 ,the first night school in ,america was opened in the ,germantown ,academy1 ,october #ad1 #agfb4 ,the sessions were from #f4jj p4 m4 to #i4jj p4 m41 each scholar to find his own candle and pay #b shillings #f pence for firewood2 the compensation was #aj shillings per quarter4 ,the first observatory erected in this ,america was on ,south ,street near ,front1 and was built for ,mason and ,dixon in #agfc4 ,the first religious magazine in ,america was the 8,geistliches ,magazine10 published by ,christopher ,saur in #agfd4 ,the first medical school in ,america was begun by the ,university of ,pennsylvania1 ,may #c1 #agfe4 ,the first medical commencement was held ,june #ba1 #agfh1 when ten students were given degrees4 8,captains of ,ships ,charitable ,club0 was instituted ,july #d1 #agfe1 and incorporated ,february #d1 #aggj1 as 8,the ,society for the ,relief of ,poor and ,distressed ,masters of ,ships1 their ,widows and ,children40 ,this was the first society of its kind organized in ,america4 ,the first permanent theatre in ,america was the 8,southwark ,theatre10 erected at ,south and ,leithgow ,streets1 ,philadelphia4 ,it was opened by ,david ,douglass1 ,november #ba1 #agff4 ,the first ,american play was 8,the ,prince of ,parthia10 by ,thomas ,godfrey1 ,jr41 a young ,philadelphia poet1 and the son of the inventor of the mariner's quadrant4 ,it was produced at the ,southwark ,theatre1 ,april #bc1 #agfg4 ,the first ,american publication on pedagogy was 8,a ,simple and ,thoroughly ,prepared ,school-,management10 by ,christopher ,dock1 8the pious schoolmaster of ,skippack40 ,it was published in ,germantown by ,christopher ,saur1 #aggj4 8,the ,pennsylvania ,packet2 and the ,general ,advertiser10 was first issued ,october #bh1 #agga4 ,this was a weekly publication printed by ,john ,dunlap4 ,in #aghd1 ,dunlap had taken as his partner ,david ,c4 ,claypoole1 and on ,tuesday1 ,september #ba1 #aghd1 they issued 8,the ,pennsylvania ,packet1 and ,daily ,advertiser40 ,this was the first daily newspaper published in ,america4 ,the first active protest against the importation of tea1 on account of the obnoxious tax1 occurred in ,philadelphia 7not ,boston7 in #aggc4 ,an immense meeting was held in the ,state ,house ,yard ,october #af1 #aggc4 ,under date of ,november #bg1 #aggc1 a broadside was issued warning against an attempt to land any of the objectionable article4 ,on ,christmas ,day the ship ,polly1 ,captain ,ayres1 reached ,chester4 ,captain ,ayres was brought to ,philadelphia and informed of the situation4 ,on ,december #bgth he started on his return trip to ,england1 taking his cargo of tea with him4 ,the people of ,boston held their tea party ,december #af1 #aggc1 and cast the tea into the harbor1 thus entailing a heavy loss upon the innocent merchants4 8,the ,garden of the ,soul3 ,or1 a ,manual of ,spiritual ,exercises and ,instructions for ,christians who 7living in the ,world7 aspire to ,devotion40 ,london2 ,printed4 ,philadelphia3 ,re-printed1 by ,joseph ,cruikshank1 on ,market ,street1 between ,second and ,third ,streets 7#aggd74 ,this was the first ,roman ,catholic prayer book printed in ,english in ,america4 8,the ,society for ,promoting the ,abolition of ,slavery0 was founded in ,philadelphia in #aggd4 ,it was the first society in the country formed for this purpose4 ,it was reorganized ,february #aj1 #aghd1 as the 8,pennsylvania ,society for ,promoting the ,abolition of ,slavery and for the ,relief of ,free ,negroes ,unlawfully held in ,bondage1 and for ,improving the ,condition of the ,african ,race40 ,the earliest mention of the manufacture of carpets in this country is that of ,william ,calverly of ,loxley's ,court1 date supposed to be #aggd4 ,the first joint-stock company formed for the manufacture of cotton was the 8,united ,company of ,philadelphia for ,promoting ,american ,manufactures40 ,the first general meeting was held ,february #bb1 #agge1 and ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush was elected president4 ,this is believed to be the first joint-stock company for any kind of manufactures in this country4 ,the first piano made in the ,united ,states was in #aggf1 by ,john ,behrent1 ,jr41 joiner1 on ,third ,street below ,brown4 ,the first ,united ,states flag is believed to have been made in ,philadelphia in #aggg4 ,in #aghj was the first abolition act of ,america providing slavery be abolished in ,pennsylvania4 ,july #ag1 #aghj1 the 8,pennsylvania ,bank0 opened for business4 ,this was the first bank in the ,united ,states1 and existed until #aghd4 8,the ,president1 ,directors1 and ,company of the ,bank of ,north ,america0 was chartered by the ,continental ,congress1 ,december #ca1 #agha4 ,this bank is still in existence and is the only bank in the ,united ,states operating under the ,national ,banking ,act which is not required to carry the word 8,national0 in its official title4 ,the first ,bible in ,english produced by an ,american press was the work of ,robert ,aitken1 the ,philadelphia printer1 in #aghb4 ,it was issued in two volumes4 ,on the back of the title page of the first volume of the copy in the ,british ,museum is this note1 in the handwriting of ,robert ,aitken3 8,the first copy of the first edition of the ,bible ever printed in ,america in the ,english language1 is presented to ,ebenezer ,hazard1 ,esq41 by the ,editor40 ,the 8,philadelphia ,society for ,promoting ,agriculture10 formed in #aghe and incorporated in ,february1 #ahji1 was the first agricultural organization in this country4 ,its membership was limited to farmers only4 ,the first ,general ,convention of the ,protestant ,episcopal ,church in the ,united ,states was held in ,christ ,church1 ,philadelphia1 ,september #bg to ,october #g1 #aghe4 ,there were present delegates from seven states1 and it was at this convention that the ,church was organized in ,america1 and the changes made in the ,prayer ,book necessary for its use in the new nation4 ,rev4 ,william ,white1 ,d4,d41 was chosen president of the convention4 ,the first free dispensary in the ,united ,states devoted to the relief of the sick and suffering was the ,philadelphia ,dispensary1 founded ,january1 #aghf4 ,it was opened in ,strawberry ,alley1 ,april #ab1 #aghf4 ,it is still in existence1 and is located at #abg ,south ,fifth ,street4 ,first steamboat in the world was built by ,john ,fitch1 a ,philadelphian4 ,the boat was successfully operated on the ,delaware ,river1 ,july #bf1 #aghf4 ,another boat1 #hj feet long1 was built1 and on ,october #ab1 #aghh1 successfully made the trip from ,philadelphia to ,burlington1 carrying thirty passengers4 ,the first 8,college of ,physicians0 in ,america was formed in ,philadelphia1 ,january #b1 #aghg4 ,the first ,roman ,catholic ,church for ,germans was organized in ,philadelphia in #aghg4 ,ground for a building was purchased at the northwest corner of ,sixth and ,spruce ,streets4 ,articles of incorporation were granted ,october #d1 #aghh1 under the title of 8,the ,trustees of the ,german ,religious ,society of ,roman ,catholics1 called the ,church of the ,holy ,trinity in the ,city of ,philadelphia40 ,the first medical library in the ,united ,states was established in connection with the ,college of ,physicians in ,philadelphia1 in ,april1 #aghh4 8,the ,free ,african ,society0 was founded ,april #ab1 #aghh1 by ,absalom ,jones and ,richard ,allen1 two negro clergymen of ,philadelphia4 ,the 8,african ,church10 the first church in ,america exclusively for and controlled entirely by negroes1 was built by this ,society1 and opened for public worship ,july #ag1 #agid4 ,it was incorporated ,march #bh1 #agif1 as 8,the ,minister1 ,church ,wardens and ,vestrymen of the ,african ,episcopal ,church of ,st4 ,thomas1 in the ,city of ,philadelphia40 ,in #aghi1 ,lucian's 8,dialogues10 first ,greek book printed in ,america1 was by ,joseph ,james at ,philadelphia4 ,the ,philadelphia ,stock ,exchange1 the first in ,america1 originated in #agij1 in a building at the southwest corner of ,front and ,market ,streets1 known as the 8,london ,coffee ,house40 ,it was known as the 8,philadelphia ,board of ,brokers0 until the #hth of ,december1 #ahge1 when it was changed to its present name1 8,the ,philadelphia ,stock ,exchange40 ,the first law school in ,america was opened by the ,university of ,pennsylvania1 ,december #ae1 #agij1 ,president ,washington and the members of his cabinet taking part in the exercises4 ,turkish and ,axminster carpets were first made in this country in #agia1 by ,william ,peter ,sprague1 in the ,northern ,liberties4 ,first ,bank of the ,united ,states1 was established in ,philadelphia1 ,february #be1 #agia4 ,the first patents for machines for threshing grain in the world were awarded to ,samuel ,mulliken1 of ,philadelphia1 ,march #aa1 #agia4 ,in #agia1 ,charles ,willson ,peale established a drawing school1 which was succeeded in #agid by 8,the ,columbianum10 also established by ,charles ,willson ,peale4 ,this was the first society in the ,united ,states for the promotion of the fine arts4 ,the first canal in the ,united ,states was the 8,schuylkill and ,susquehanna ,navigation ,company10 chartered here in #agia4 ,there were #bjjj shares of stock at two hundred dollars per share1 and the officers were ,robert ,morris1 president2 ,timothy ,matlack1 secretary2 and ,tench ,francis1 treasurer4 ,the first ,united ,states ,mint was built in ,philadelphia1 at what is now #cg and #ci ,north ,seventh ,street4 ,the corner stone was laid ,july #ca1 #agib1 and the first coins1 consisting of dimes1 half-dimes and cents1 were struck in ,october of the same year4 ,david ,rittenhouse1 a ,philadelphian1 was the first director4 ,the first company organized in ,america to do a marine insurance business was the 8,insurance ,company of ,north ,america10 organized ,march1 #agib1 though it did not receive a charter until ,april #ad1 #agid4 ,in spite of the fact that the granting of the charter was delayed1 the company commenced doing business immediately after its organization in #agib1 and there is recorded the payment of the first loss ,june #aj1 #agic1 and the first dividend on its stock was paid in ,january1 #agid4 8,the ,philadelphia and ,lancaster ,turnpike ,company10 the first constructed in the ,united ,states4 ,the organization of the company was effected in #agib1 under authority granted by the ,legislature4 ,the road was completed in ,may1 #agif4 ,the first regular stage left ,lancaster at five o'clock in the evening1 and reached ,philadelphia at five o'clock the next morning1 bringing ten passengers4 ,the original officers of the company were ,william ,bingham1 president2 ,william ,moore ,smith1 secretary2 and ,tench ,francis1 treasurer4 ,the first successful balloon ascension in ,america was made from the old jail yard at the southeast corner of ,sixth and ,walnut ,streets1 ,january #i1 #agic1 by the ,french aronaut1 ,j4 ,p4 ,blanchard4 ,sulphuric acid 7oil of vitriol7 was first made in ,america by ,john ,harrison in #agic4 ,he was also the first to attempt to produce nitric acid4 8,the ,female ,society for the ,relief of the ,distressed0 was the first society organized in this country for the temporary assistance of the distressed4 ,it was formed in ,november1 #agic2 and the first meeting was held in the house of ,isaac ,parrish1 at the southeast corner of ,second ,street and ,pewterplatter ,alley4 ,ice cream was first made in this country by ,peter ,bossu1 a ,frenchman1 who settled in ,philadelphia in #agid4 ,the first advertisement of ice cream appears in ,the ,aurora for ,july #bb1 #ahjj4 ,the first printing press made in ,america was constructed by ,adam ,ramage1 in #agie4 8,the ,united ,states ,gazetteer10 the first in this country1 was compiled by ,joseph ,scott1 and printed by ,bailey at #aaf ,market ,street1 ,philadelphia1 in the year #agie4 ,the 8,first ,american ,edition0 of ,shakespeare's complete works was issued in ,philadelphia in #agie1 by ,bioren and ,madan4 ,to 8,ambroise ,company10 ,mulberry ,street 7now ,arch ,street71 between ,eighth and ,ninth1 belongs the honor of being the first in ,america to manufacture inflammable gas and exhibit the effect of gas light4 ,this exhibition took place in ,august1 #agif1 in connection with a pyrotechnic display4 ,philadelphia introduced the first municipal water works in ,america1 using a steam pump4 ,ground was broken ,march #ab1 #agii2 the first brick was laid ,may #b1 #agii2 the first pipe 7which was of wood7 was put in place ,june #ah1 #agii2 and the same day was begun the foundation of the engine house in ,centre ,square4 ,the first water was sent through the pipes ,january #bg1 #ahja4 ,the first person to make 8artificial mineral water10 or soda water1 in ,america1 was ,john ,hart1 a ,philadelphia druggist4 ,he did this about the beginning of the ,nineteenth century 7exact date not known71 at the suggestion of ,dr4 ,physick1 to imitate waters found in certain mineral springs4 ,the first ,united ,states ,navy ,yard was established in ,philadelphia in #ahjj4 ,it occupied about twelve acres and extended from ,prime ,street 7now ,washington ,avenue7 to ,wharton ,street1 and from ,front ,street to the ,delaware ,river4 ,in #ahge it was moved to ,league ,island and the old property sold4 ,the first frigate of the ,united ,states ,navy1 the ,philadelphia1 was built in #ahjj1 by ,joshua ,humphreys1 near ,washington ,avenue4 ,the first mercurials made in the ,united ,states were produced in #ahja by ,dr4 ,adam ,seybert1 a druggist1 whose shop was at #afh ,north ,second ,street4 ,the oxy-hydrogen blowpipe was invented in #ahja1 by ,professor ,robert ,hare of ,philadelphia4 ,charles ,eneu ,johnson1 in #ahjd1 produced the first printing ink made in ,america4 ,his firm is still in business and is known as ,charles ,eneu ,johnson ,company4 ,the first land steam carriage1 or automobile1 in the world was invented by ,oliver ,evans1 in #ahjd4 ,the ,eruktor ,amphibolis1 a machine for cleaning docks1 mounted on a wagon1 was propelled along ,market ,street1 from ,centre ,square to the ,schuylkill ,river4 ,at the river a stern wheel was attached and the vessel launched2 the machine was navigated by steam on the ,schuylkill and ,delaware rivers1 and was used to deepen the docks4 ,in #ahjd1 ,samuel ,wetherill and his son1 ,samuel1 ,jr41 erected a white lead manufactory at the northwest corner of ,broad and ,chestnut ,streets1 and it was here that the first white lead in this country was produced4 ,english manufacturers were so opposed to this industry being established in the ,united ,states that they sent an emissary to this country1 who destroyed the works by fire4 ,they were rebuilt in #ahjh at ,twelfth and ,cherry ,streets1 and in #ahdg moved to ,west ,philadelphia on the banks of the ,schuylkill1 where the business is still carried on by the fifth succeeding generation4 ,the first commission house in the ,united ,states for the sale of ,american manufactures was established in ,philadelphia1 in #ahje1 by ,elijah ,waring4 ,the first institution in the ,united ,states for the teaching of art was the 8,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts40 ,the ,articles of ,agreement were signed ,december #bf1 #ahje1 by seventy-one citizens4 ,george ,clymer was chosen president4 ,the charter was granted ,march #bh1 #ahjf1 and it was opened to the public in #ahjg4 ,the first orphan society in the ,united ,states was the 8,roman ,catholic ,society of ,st4 ,joseph for ,educating and ,maintaining ,poor ,orphan ,children40 ,it was organized by ,rev4 ,leonard ,neale1 in #ahjf1 and received a charter the following year4 ,the first riveted hose for fire use in the ,united ,states was made in ,philadelphia in #ahjh4 8,american ,ornithology0 was the work of ,alexander ,wilson1 a resident of ,philadelphia4 ,eight volumes were issued1 the first in ,september1 #ahjh4 ,it was published in ,philadelphia by ,bradford1 and was the first book upon ornithology published in this country4 ,the first ,american shot was made in ,philadelphia1 two towers being completed at practically the same time4 ,the advertisements appear under the following dates3 ,bishop ,sparks1 ,october #bj1 #ahjh4 ,paul ,beck1 ,october #bg1 #ahjh4 ,the first ,bible ,society in ,america was instituted ,december #ab1 #ahjh1 and was incorporated ,january #cj1 #ahaj1 as the 8,bible ,society of ,philadelphia40 ,by an amendment to the charter1 dated ,march #g1 #ahdj1 the name was changed to the 8,pennsylvania ,bible ,society10 which name has been retained to the present day4 ,the first cotton goods printed from engraved cylinders in the ,united ,states were produced near ,germantown in #ahji by ,thorp1 ,siddall ,co41 from cylinders brought from ,england4 ,the first experimental railroad track in the ,united ,states was constructed by ,somerville1 a ,scotch millwright1 for ,thomas ,leiper of ,philadelphia1 and laid down in the yard of the ,bull's ,head ,tavern1 on ,second ,street above ,callowhill1 in the ,northern ,liberties4 ,it was sixty-four feet in length4 ,the test was made ,july #ca1 #ahji1 and was so successful that ,leiper had a railroad constructed at his quarries on ,crum ,creek1 in ,delaware ,county1 ,september1 #ahji4 ,this was the first practical railroad built in the ,united ,states4 ,first institution in the ,united ,states chartered to do a trust business was the 8,pennsylvania ,company for ,insurances on ,lives and ,granting ,annuities40 ,application for charter made ,january1 #ahaj2 refused by the ,house of ,representatives1 but finally granted ,march #aj1 #ahab4 ,the first chemical society in ,america was the 8,columbian ,chemical ,society10 formed in ,philadelphia in #ahaa4 ,the first soup society in ,america was the 8,northern ,soup ,society10 on ,fourth ,street above ,brown1 formed ,january1 #ahag4 ,the 8,academy of ,natural ,sciences0 was the first of its kind in the ,united ,states4 ,it was organized ,january #be1 #ahab1 by ,john ,speakman1 ,jacob ,gilliams1 and four others4 ,the society was incorporated by the ,pennsylvania ,legislature1 ,march #bd1 #ahag4 ,the first lithograph published in the ,united ,states was a portrait of ,rev4 ,abner ,kneeland1 by ,bass ,otis1 in #ahah4 ,john ,farr1 a chemist of ,philadelphia1 in #ahah introduced into this country the manufacture of ,seidlitz powders4 ,he associated with him in business ,abram ,kunzi1 and as ,farr ,kunzi1 located on ,arch ,street near ,twelfth1 they manufactured the first quinine in the ,united ,states4 ,this firm1 by various steps1 has become a part of the ,powers-,weightman-,rosengarten ,company4 ,first savings bank1 the 8,philadelphia ,saving ,fund ,society10 commenced business ,december #b1 #ahaf4 ,chartered ,february #be1 #ahai4 ,the first church in the world for seamen was erected in ,philadelphia about #ahbj1 under the leadership of ,rev4 ,robert ,eastburn4 ,it was known as the 8,mariner's ,bethel40 ,the 8,philadelphia ,law ,library10 first in the ,united ,states1 was established in #ahba1 under the auspices of 8,the ,society for the ,promotion of ,legal ,knowledge and ,forensic ,eloquence40 ,the 8,philadelphia ,college of ,pharmacy0 was the first institution of its kind in the world4 ,the organization meeting was held in ,carpenters' ,hall1 ,february #bc1 #ahba4 ,instruction was begun in the fall of the same year1 with ,charles ,marshall as president of the institution4 ,the charter was granted ,march #cj1 #ahbb4 ,the first engraved cylinders for calico printing made in the ,united ,states were made in ,philadelphia1 in #ahbb1 by ,david ,h4 ,mason and ,matthew ,w4 ,baldwin4 ,in #ahbg1 ,william ,ellis ,tucker1 of ,philadelphia1 was the first in ,america to manufacture porcelain and chinaware4 ,in #ahca he started the first ,american queensware factory4 ,the ,pennsylvania ,horticultural ,society1 the first of its kind in ,america1 was organized at a meeting held in the hall of the ,franklin ,institute1 ,seventh ,street below ,market1 ,november #bd1 #ahbg4 ,it was incorporated ,march #bc1 #ahca4 ,the first one-cent newspaper in the country was ,the ,cent1 published in #ahcj1 by ,dr4 ,christopher ,columbus ,conwell1 at ,second and ,dock ,streets1 ,philadelphia4 ,the first building and loan association in the ,united ,states was the 8,oxford ,provident and ,building ,association10 organized in ,frankford in #ahca4 ,the officers were ,isaac ,whitelock1 president2 ,isaac ,shallcross1 secretary2 and ,samuel ,pilling1 treasurer4 ,in #ahcb1 ,george ,d4 ,rosengarten made the first morphine in the ,united ,states4 ,the first public high school in the ,united ,states was established in ,philadelphia in #ahcf4 ,the first building was erected in #ahcg-ch on ,juniper ,street fronting on ,penn ,square1 now occupied by the ,wanamaker ,store4 ,the school was opened ,october #bf1 #ahch1 when a class of sixty-three pupils was admitted4 ,the first daguerreotype portrait in ,america was made in ,philadelphia by ,robert ,cornelius1 ,november1 #ahci1 at #gaj ,chestnut4 7,portrait of himself47 ,the first homeopathic medical college in the world1 the 8,north ,american ,college of ,homeopathic ,medicine10 was organized in ,allentown1 ,pa41 in #ahce4 ,the second was the 8,homeopathic ,medical ,college of ,philadelphia10 organized in #ahdh4 ,the next in order was the 8,washington ,medical ,college of ,philadelphia10 chartered ,may #b1 #ahec4 ,this last named institution changed its name1 ,july #ag1 #ahfg1 to the 8,hahnemann ,medical ,college of ,philadelphia40 ,the first of these institutions lasted a very short time2 and by act of ,legislature1 dated ,april #b1 #ahfi1 the second and third were united under the title of the 8,hahnemann ,medical ,college of ,pennsylvania40 ,this institution can thus claim to be the oldest of its kind in the world1 and though not technically the first1 it is practically so4 ,the first ,american grand opera1 8,leonora10 was composed by ,william ,h4 ,fry1 a ,philadelphian2 the words were written by his brother1 ,joseph ,r4 ,fry4 ,it was produced at the ,chestnut ,street ,theatre1 ,june #d1 #ahde1 by ,pratt ,wemyss4 ,the first free college for orphan boys in the ,united ,states was established in ,philadelphia under the will of ,stephen ,girard4 ,girard ,college was opened ,january #a1 #ahdh1 with a class of one hundred boys4 ,the first comic weekly in ,america was ,the ,john ,donkey1 edited by ,thomas ,dunn ,english and ,g4 ,g4 ,foster4 ,illustrated by ,f4 ,o4 ,c4 ,darley and ,henry ,l4 ,stephens4 ,published in ,philadelphia by ,g4 ,b4 ,zieber ,company1 #ahdh4 8,the ,woman's ,medical ,college of ,pennsylvania0 is the oldest college in the world organized to train women in the medical profession4 ,it was incorporated ,march #aa1 #ahej4 ,the ,spring ,garden ,institute1 the first of the mechanics institutes in the ,united ,states1 was chartered ,april #ab1 #ahea4 ,the corner-stone of the building was laid ,july #h1 #ahea1 and the building was dedicated ,november #ab1 #aheb4 ,the first ,english translation of the ,hebrew ,bible published in ,america was the result of eighteen years' work of ,rev4 ,isaac ,leeser4 ,it was published in ,philadelphia in #ahed4 ,the first ,republican ,national ,convention met in ,musical ,fund ,hall1 ,june #ah1 #ahef1 with ,henry ,s4 ,lane1 of ,indiana1 as ,chairman4 ,john ,c4 ,fremont was nominated for president of the ,united ,states1 and ,william ,l4 ,dayton1 of ,new ,jersey1 for vice-president4 ,the process of sugar-coating pills was begun in #ahef by ,william ,r4 ,warner ,co41 manufacturing chemists of ,philadelphia4 ,this was done in a pan suspended by a chain over a charcoal fire4 ,the original pan is still preserved by the firm4 ,the first society in ,america distinctively devoted to numismatic research was the 8,numismatic ,society10 organized in ,philadelphia1 ,december #bg1 #aheg1 by seven men4 ,it received its charter ,february #ai1 #aheh4 ,on ,march #bc1 #ahfe1 the name was changed to 8,the ,numismatic and ,antiquarian ,society40 ,the 8,zological ,society0 was incorporated in #ahei2 and in ,fairmount ,park1 north of the ,spring ,garden ,water ,works1 began the first zological garden in the ,united ,states4 ,they later moved across the river to their present site1 and the new buildings and grounds were opened to the public ,july #a1 #ahgd4 ,april #h1 #ahfa1 ,john ,wanamaker opened a men's clothing store at ,sixth and ,market ,streets4 ,fifteen years later1 #ahgf1 having been removed to ,thirteenth and ,market ,streets1 it had 8six departments for the outfitting of men and boys40 ,on ,march #ab1 #ahgg1 it was resolved into a general store having sixteen departments covering all classes of dry goods4 ,this is believed to have been the first 8department store0 in the ,united ,states1 probably in the world4 ,this same store1 in #ahfe1 made the first announcements of the 8one price system10 and that anything sold could be brought back for refund of money4 ,the ,wanamaker store at ,thirteenth and ,market ,streets was lighted by electricity on the night after ,christmas1 #ahgh1 being the first store ever so lighted4 ,first bank chartered under the ,national ,banking ,act1 the 8,first ,national ,bank of ,philadelphia10 ,june #bj1 #ahfc4 ,the first 8,national ,currency0 was issued by this bank4 ,the first ,stock ,exchange ,clearing ,house in the ,united ,states was established here in ,august1 #ahgj4 ,the first organization in the world for the insurance of real estate titles was 8,the ,real ,estate ,title ,insurance ,company of ,philadelphia10 chartered ,march #bh1 #ahgf4 ,by an amendment to the charter1 under date of ,december #c1 #ahha1 the title was changed to 8,the ,real ,estate ,title ,insurance and ,trust ,company of ,philadelphia40 ,the first international fair held in this country was the ,centennial ,exhibition held in ,philadelphia1 ,may #aj to ,november #aj1 #ahgf4 ,it is the only fair of its kind that has paid its own expenses1 and received no appropriation from ,congress4 ,philadelphia is known as the city of the ,easter lily4 ,it was brought from ,bermuda in #ahgi by ,mrs4 ,mary ,rogers1 who propagated it until in three years there were #ajj specimens2 then ,william ,k4 ,harris1 a florist1 ,fifty-sixth ,street and ,springfield ,avenue1 introduced it in both ,philadelphia and ,new ,york4 ,the ,philadelphia ,bourse1 the first and1 as yet1 the only one in the ,united ,states1 was chartered ,june #be1 #ahia1 and completed and opened for business ,october #a1 #ahie4 ,the 8,wistar ,institute of ,anatomy10 founded in #ahib1 by ,general ,isaac ,wistar1 and connected with the ,university of ,pennsylvania1 is the first anatomical and neurological institute established in the ,united ,states4 ,philadelphia was the first city to inaugurate a service by pneumatic tubes for the general carriage of firstclass mail4 ,a six-inch tube connecting the ,bourse station with the ,central ,post ,office at ,ninth ,street was put in service ,february #ag1 #ahic1 and is still in operation4 ,eight-inch tubes have been used in lines since installed1 and have a capacity of #g1bjj1jjj letters per day each way4 ,the first concrete arch highway bridge in the ,united ,states was built in #ahic by the ,city of ,philadelphia at ,pine ,road over the ,pennypack ,creek4 ,the first institution established in the ,united ,states for the advancement of business and trade in all branches1 both domestic and foreign1 was the 8,commercial ,museum40 ,it was projected by ,dr4 ,william ,p4 ,wilson1 and established by ordinance of ,philadelphia ,city ,council1 approved ,june #ae1 #ahid4 ,the first successful electric automobile was designed and built by two ,philadelphians1 ,henry ,g4 ,morris and ,pedro ,g4 ,salom4 ,it was patented ,august #ca1 #ahid4 ,the first hospital train sent out during the ,spanish ,war1 for the relief of the fever-stricken soldiers in the mobilization camps1 was sent by the ,university of ,pennsylvania1 and the soldiers were brought to and treated in the ,hospital of that institution4 ,this train left ,philadelphia ,august #ag1 #ahih4 ,the first ,automatic ,restaurant 7,automat7 in ,america was opened ,june #i1 #aijb1 at #hah ,chestnut ,street1 ,philadelphia1 by the ,horn ,hardart ,baking ,co4 ,i ,,the ,,commomwealth1 ,,or ,,state ,,of ,,pennsylvania 7,,penn',s ,,woods7 ,with a royal grant for #dj1jjj square miles of land in the ,new ,world1 ,william ,penn1 thirty-eight years old1 came up the ,delaware ,river in #afhb and landed at the ,blue ,anchor ,inn1 built by the ,swedes in #afcf4 ,the state now covers #de1abf square miles4 ,no eastern state contains forests of such varied and abundant timber1 or extensive mineral deposits4 ,according to official reports of the state geologist1 one and one-third billion dollars' worth of mineral products were taken from below ground in #aiaf2 of these coal is the greatest wealth producer1 over #a1jjj1jjj1jjj annually1 the production being nearly one-half that of the entire ,united ,states2 the supply is still ample and new fields are being opened4 ,over #ajj1jjj1jjj in coke2 and more than #db1jjj1jjj in its by-products4 ,petroleum counts for #bf1jjj1jjj4 ,gold1 silver1 platinum1 and asbestos are found in small quantities4 ,natural gas has been used in this state for manufacturing purposes since #ahgd4 ,this is the greatest manufacturing region in the world1 and has the richest agricultural land in the ,united ,states4 ,pennsylvania stands first among the states in the ,union in the number of towns over #ejjj in population1 making it a remarkable selling market4 ,,philadelphia1 the chief city1 and third in population1 #a1hbc1ggi1 in the ,united ,illustration3 ,,philadelphia ,,county ,,scale ,,in ,,miles #j #d #h #ab #af ,,montgomery ,,co4 ,,bucks ,,co4 ,,delaware ,,co4 ,,philadelphia ,,new ,,jersey ,,delaware ,,river ,,poquessing ,,cr4 ,,pennypack ,,cr4 ,,wissahickon ,,cr4 ,,schuylkill ,,river ,,cobbs ,,cr4 ,,somerton ,,bustleton ,,foxchase ,,chestnut ,,hill ,,mt4 ,,airy ,,oaklane ,,germantown ,,manayunk ,,olney ,,torresdale ,,holmesburg ,,frankford ,w4 ,,park ,,nicetown ,,bridesburg ,,kensington ,,logan ,,camden ,,ferry ,,kingsessing ,,woodland ,,ave4 ,,pascalville ,,southwark ,,passyunk ,,ft4 ,,breeze ,l4,i4 ,,germantown ,,ave4 ,,lancaster ,,ave4 ,,market ,,st4 ,,baltimore ,,ave4 ,,woodland ,,ave4 ,,broad ,,st4 ,states1 is on the site of a village of the ,lenni ,lenape or ,delaware ,indians1 called ,coaquanarck4 ,through ,william ,penn's liberal policy to early settlers1 and later being the seat of government of the ,united ,states1 many national institutions were originated here1 and many more historical buildings are here than in any other city in ,america4 ,it comprises the whole of ,philadelphia ,county1 and has a distinctive character of its own1 reminiscent of the old ,quaker life1 which is given in this book in two ,colonial ,walks2 the ,revolutionary ,period is given in automobile routes1 framed on ,washington's itinerary2 and modern institutions1 many of them continuing from colonial times1 are in chapters1 schools1 galleries and museums1 hospitals1 libraries1 music1 churches4 ,philadelphia was the leader in the fight for 8,liberty of ,conscience40 ,the obvious picturesqueness of ,philadelphia is in the ,pennsylvania ,hospital1 ,independence ,hall1 ,christ ,church1 ,old ,swedes'1 ,st4 ,peter's4 ,down in lower ,spruce ,street and neighboring streets are beautiful colonial houses1 stately doorways1 decorative ironwork1 dormer windows1 great gables1 facing each other at street corners in harmonious proportions4 ,in not another town were the old streets so well worth keeping unchanged4 ,the early ,friends1 when they left ,england1 packed up1 with their 8,liberty of ,conscience10 the love of beauty in architecture and the money to pay for it4 ,in a fine period of ,english architecture1 they got good ,english architects--,wren is said to have been of the number--to design1 not only their public buildings1 but their private houses2 and carried over in their personal baggage1 paneling1 carvings1 ironwork1 furniture and the various details they were not likely to procure in ,philadelphia4 ,long straight lines of streets give the town serenity and repose4 ,illustration3 #h #g #f #e #d #c #b ,,front ,,water ,,delaware ---------------------------------------- ------- ,,race #ab #aa ,,cherry ---------------------------------------- ------- ,,arch #ae #af #i ---------------------------------------- -------- #ad #ac #aj #h ,,delaware ,,market #ag #g ,,river ---------------------------------------- -------- #bj #ah #ai ,,chestnut #ba #f ---------------------------------------- -------- ,,sansom #a #d -------- #c---- #e---------------------------- ,,walnut #b ---------------------------------------- ------- #a4 ,independence ,hall4 #b4 ,independence ,square4 #c4 ,philosophical ,society4 #d4 ,u4,s4 ,custom ,house4 #e4 ,carpenters' ,hall4 #f4 ,bank of ,north ,america4 #g4 ,christ ,church4 #h4 ,site ,st4 ,george and the ,dragon ,inn4 #i4 ,betsey ,ross ,house4 #aj4 ,friends' ,meeting ,house4 #aa4 ,st4 ,george's ,m4 ,e4 ,church4 #ab4 ,st4 ,john's ,lutheran ,church4 #ac4 ,christ ,church ,burial ,ground4 #ad4 ,free ,quaker ,building4 #ae4 ,fort ,rittenhouse4 #af4 ,mikveh ,israel ,synagogue4 #ag4 ,first ,u4 ,s4 ,mint4 #ah4 ,site ,robert ,morris ,residence4 #ai4 ,site ,president ,washington's ,residence4 #bj4 ,site ,pennsylvania ,national ,bank4 #ba4 ,franklin ,institute4 ,,colonial ,,philadelphia1 ,,walk ,,no4 #a ,the ,quaker ,city2 ,penn's 8,green country towne40 ,start at the ,,state ,,house1 called ,,independence ,,hall in #aggf2 open free #i ,a4,m4 to #d ,p4,m42 south side of ,chestnut ,street between ,fifth and ,sixth4 ,the most interesting building historically in the ,united ,states4 ,architect1 ,andrew ,hamilton1 speaker in the ,assembly2 ,georgian1 brick2 erected for the ,province of ,pennsylvania as a ,colonial ,state ,house4 ,tower has wooden cupola built in #ahbh1 containing clock and bell1 presented to the ,city by ,henry ,seybert1 in #ahgf4 ,first occupied by the ,assembly in #agce4 ,second ,continental ,congress met here ,may #aj1 #agge4 ,george ,washington was chosen ,commander in ,chief of the ,continental ,army ,june #ae1 #agge4 ,declaration of ,independence approved ,july #d1 #aggf4 ,articles of ,confederation and perpetual union between the ,states were adopted and signed ,july #i1 #aggh4 ,constitution of the ,united ,states of ,america1 long the pride of ,americans1 and the model for friends of freedom throughout the world1 was formed and signed ,september #ag1 #aghg4 ,lafayette was received here in #ahbd4 ,the body of ,abraham ,lincoln rested in state1 ,april #bb-bd1 #ahfe4 ,second ,national ,encampment1 ,grand ,army of the ,republic1 ,january1 #ahfh1 when annual ,memorial ,day1 ,may #cj1 was instituted by ,major ,general ,john ,a4 ,logan4 ,it was observed the same year by posts of the ,grand ,army of the ,republic and the public4 ,the ,liberty ,bell was rung ,july #h1 #aggf1 in celebration of the ,declaration of ,independence2 inscription on bell1 8,proclaim liberty throughout all the land1 unto all the inhabitants thereof0 7,leviticus ,,xxv3 #aj74 ,it was hung in the tower in #agee1 and it was cracked while being tolled for the death of ,chief ,justice ,john ,marshall ,july #h1 #ahce2 not rung since #ahdc4 ,portraits of the ,signers of the ,declaration of ,independence1 painted chiefly by ,charles ,willson ,peale1 and his portrait of ,washington are here4 ,benjamin ,west's ,illustration3 ,,fourth ,,of ,,july ,,in ,,center ,,square1 ,,philadelphia ,painted by ,john ,d4 ,krimmel ,courtesy of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts painting1 8,penn's ,treaty with the ,indians02 a large collection of portraits of ,pennsylvania men notable in the government of the ,commonwealth2 and a collection of forty-five small historic portraits in pastel by ,james ,sharples4 ,on ,chestnut ,street front is a marble statue of ,washington2 sculptor1 ,j4 ,a4 ,bailey2 erected in #ahfi by contributions of the public-school children of ,philadelphia4 ,the building was renovated and restored in #ahig to its early appearance4 ,small buildings connecting west1 contain colonial relics2 east1 ,revolutionary relics4 ,west1 open porch leads to ,,congress ,,hall1 corner of ,sixth ,street1 built in #aghi for ,court ,house of ,philadelphia ,county2 ,georgian1 occupied by the ,federal ,congress1 #agij-ahjj1 after necessary alterations by ,major ,l',enfant4 ,first floor1 ,house of ,representatives2 second floor1 ,senate ,chamber2 gallery added in #agie4 ,here ,washington was inaugurated ,president1 second term1 ,march #d1 #agic2 and ,john ,adams1 second ,president of the ,united ,states1 in #agig4 ,national ,currency was established4 ,first ,national ,bank founded4 ,army and ,navy organized4 ,jay's ,treaty determining relations with ,england considered and ratified4 ,official announcement of ,washington's death in #agii was made1 and resolution offered by ,chief ,justice ,john ,marshall1 to pay honor to the man 8,first in war1 first in peace1 first in the hearts of his countrymen40 ,contains sculptures in wood by ,william ,rush2 statue of ,washington carved in #ahae2 also eagle on globe1 portrait of ,michael ,hillegas1 first ,treasurer of the ,united ,states until #aghi1 and other paintings4 ,building restored #ahif1 through the ,pennsylvania ,society1 ,colonial ,dames of ,america2 architect1 ,william ,ziegler4 ,corner of ,fifth ,street1 ,,supreme ,,court ,,house1 or the old ,,city ,,hall1 built in #aghi4 ,second floor occupied by the ,first ,supreme ,court of the ,united ,states1 #agia-ahjj4 ,mayor's ,office until #ahif4 ,later headquarters ,boy ,scouts and ,grand ,army of the ,republic4 ,now restored to first appearance2 museum1 ,colonial and ,american ,indian collections1 paintings4 ,in #aghc1 ,,state ,,house ,,yard was improved1 elms planted1 walks laid out1 and seats placed4 ,contains statue of ,commodore ,barry4 #ajd ,south ,fifth ,street1 in ,state ,house ,yard1 the ,american ,philosophical ,society1 built #aghi1 brick1 ,georgian2 originated in 8,the ,junto10 formed by ,benjamin ,franklin #agbg4 ,see ,historic ,institutions4 ,southeast corner of ,fifth and ,chestnut ,streets1 site residence of ,william ,moore ,smith1 son of first provost of the ,university of ,pennsylvania4 ,washington's portrait was painted here by ,gilbert ,stuart4 ,northeast corner of ,fifth and ,sansom ,streets1 site ,philadelphia ,library #agij-ahcj4 #dbg ,chestnut ,street1 site of ,lawrence mansion1 ,howe's headquarters1 #aggg-gh4 #dba ,chestnut ,street1 site of ,united ,states ,hotel4 ,charles ,dickens stayed here ,march1 #ahdb1 first visit to ,america4 ,south side of ,chestnut ,street1 below ,fifth1 ,united ,states ,custom ,house2 marble1 classic2 ,doric portico2 built #ahai2 architect1 ,john ,haviland4 ,northwest corner of ,fourth and ,chestnut ,streets1 ,provident ,life and ,trust ,company1 of ,philadelphia1 modern2 contains oil portraits of the directors2 among the artists represented are ,bernard ,uhle1 ,cecilia ,beaux1 and ,thomas ,eakins4 ,southeast corner of ,fourth and ,chestnut ,streets1 site of ,friends meeting-house in #agja1 later site of ,mathew ,carey's book store in #ahjj4 #cbj ,chestnut ,street1 head of ,carpenters' ,court4 ,,carpenters' ,,hall2 open free daily #i ,a4,m4 to #c ,p4,m41 ,saturdays to #ab4cj ,p4,m42 ,georgian1 brick2 built1 #aggj for use of the ,carpenters' ,company1 founded in #agbd4 #cjg ,chestnut ,street1 ,bank of ,north ,america2 founded in #agha on the same ground2 oldest and first bank1 chartered by ,congress1 in the ,united ,states4 ,through ,robert ,morris1 the first president1 victory was made possible to ,washington and the ,continental ,army4 ,contains portrait of ,robert ,morris4 ,third ,street above ,chestnut2 ,post ,office in #agac2 later ,judd's ,hotel during war of #ahab4 #bg ,south ,third ,street1 site ,united ,states ,post ,office1 #agib4 #bej ,chestnut ,street1 site first ,united ,states ,treasury1 #agih4 #bdc ,chestnut ,street1 site of residence of ,governor ,thomas ,lloyd in #afhd1 appointed by ,william ,penn4 ,letitia ,street1 west side above ,chestnut1 east of ,second2 site of ,letitia ,house1 ,william ,penn's residence1 moved to ,fairmount ,park4 ,southeast corner of ,second and ,black ,horse ,alley1 above ,chestnut ,street1 site ,bradford ,house and printing office1 used for colonial ,post ,office1 #agbh2 ,andrew ,bradford1 postmaster2 in #agai he published the first newspaper in ,pennsylvania1 ,the ,mercury1 a weekly1 second in ,america4 ,southwest corner of ,front and ,market ,streets1 site of ,london ,coffee ,house1 in #aged1 where1 in #aghj1 ,robert ,morris met with others to consider the establishment of the first bank4 ,horses1 slaves1 and cattle were sold here4 ,about #bba-bc ,north ,water ,street1 site ,stephen ,girard's last residence4 #aaa ,spring ,street1 west of ,front1 above ,race1 said to have been residence of ,benjamin ,franklin #agbc-bf2 brick1 three stories and attic2 still standing4 ,jones's ,alley1 above ,market ,street1 west from #ad ,north ,front ,street1 site ,robert ,grace's residence1 where the 8,junto ,club0 met in #agbg4 #aaj ,market ,street1 site ,robert ,aitken's ,printing ,office in #aghb2 he printed the first ,english ,bible in ,america4 ,southwest corner of ,second and ,market ,streets1 site ,friends' first meeting-house1 #afie-ahjh1 on land donated by ,george ,fox1 founder of the ,society4 ,middle of ,market ,street1 at ,second1 facing east1 site of old ,court ,house1 built #agaj2 used as town hall and seat of the ,legislature until the ,state ,house was built in #agce4 ,acceptance of the ,united ,states ,constitution was here proclaimed to the people ,december #ac1 #aghg2 shown in large painting by ,birch1 made in #ahbi1 now in ,city ,hall1 ,broad and ,market ,streets4 #be ,north ,second ,street1 office ,peter ,porcupine's ,gazette1 edited by ,william ,cobbett1 a keen satirist4 ,,christ ,,church1 west side of ,second ,street1 north of ,market1 built #afie4 7,see ,churches47 ,illustration3 ,,john ,,marshall1 ,,chief ,,justice ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states1 #ahjh-ahce ,from the original in the possession of the ,law ,association of ,philadelphia ,painted by ,henry ,inman #bjj ,arch ,street1 site ,saint ,george and the ,dragon ,inn1 built #agjj1 kept by ,nicholas ,scull1 member ,franklin's 8,junto10 in #agbg2 sheriff in #agdd2 he published a map of the city in #agej4 ,oldest ,inn building standing2 from #agia-ic it was kept by ,john ,inskeep1 ,mayor of ,philadelphia1 #ahjj-je4 ,stage coaches for ,new ,york and ,baltimore left here regularly4 ,no4 #bci ,arch ,street1 ,,betsy ,,ross ,,house1 two-story1 brick1 marked by tablet2 now property of ,american ,flag ,house and ,betsy ,ross ,memorial ,association4 ,she made the first flag adopted by the ,united ,states1 from pencil drawing by ,washington1 who with ,robert ,morris and ,george ,ross1 called on her to give the commission2 the flag was accepted by ,congress ,june #ad1 #aggg1 and is now one of the oldest flags in the world1 older than those of ,france1 ,spain1 ,germany1 ,russia1 ,italy1 and ,austria4 ,john ,paul ,jones was first to fly the new flag4 ,betsy ,ross lived to be eighty-four1 dying in #ahcf2 she is buried in ,mount ,moriah ,cemetery1 where a flag continuously flies over her grave1 instituted by the ,sons of ,veterans4 ,flag ,day was first inaugurated in ,philadelphia1 #ahic4 #bbf ,race ,street1 site ,first ,moravian ,church1 #agdb-ahef4 #bfg ,race ,street1 site residence of ,benjamin ,franklin about #agdi4 #cbe ,market ,street1 site residence of ,benjamin ,franklin1 where he first invented the lightning rod1 about #agdi-ej2 in #ageb1 first lightning rod used in the world was set up by ,franklin1 southeast corner of ,second and ,race ,streets4 #bbi ,north ,fourth ,street1 ,saint ,george's1 oldest ,methodist ,church in the world1 used continuously for worship2 dedicated ,november #bd1 #agfi4 ,fourth ,street above ,race1 ,st4 ,augustine's ,roman ,catholic ,church1 #agif2 destroyed in the riot of #ahdd2 rebuilt in #ahdf4 ,old ,st4 ,john's ,church1 ,race ,street between ,fifth and ,sixth2 first ,english ,lutheran ,church in ,america1 built #ahjf4 ,southeast corner of ,fourth and ,cherry ,streets1 site ,zion ,lutheran ,church 7,german71 built #agff2 in #agij its organ was considered the finest in ,america4 ,northeast corner of ,fourth and ,arch ,streets1 ,james ,russell ,lowell stayed here with his bride in #ahde4 ,southeast corner of ,fourth and ,arch ,streets1 ,friends meeting-house2 oldest in ,philadelphia1 built in #ahjd2 since #ahaa it has been used for the ,philadelphia ,yearly ,meeting of ,orthodox ,friends1 and is said to be largest in the world4 7,see ,historic ,burial ,grounds47 ,southwest corner of ,fourth and ,arch ,streets1 site of residence built for ,william ,smith1 ,d4,d41 before #agfb4 ,first provost of the ,university of ,pennsylvania4 ,fourth ,street1 west side1 below ,arch1 site of the ,academy in #agdi2 beginning of the ,university1 marked with tablet4 ,southeast corner of ,fifth and ,arch ,streets1 ,christ ,church burial ground4 7,see ,burial ,grounds47 ,southwest corner of ,fifth and ,arch ,streets1 ,free ,quaker ,building2 tablet1 inscription 8,by general subscription for the ,free ,quakers2 erected in the year of our ,lord #aghc1 and of the ,empire #h40 8,fighting ,quakers10 who fought in the ,revolutionary ,war against peace principles of the sect4 ,the ,apprentices' ,illustration3 ,,benjamin ,,franklin ,from the collection in ,independence ,hall ,painted by ,b4 ,t4 ,welch ,library1 organized #ahbj in ,carpenters' ,hall1 for many years only free library in ,philadelphia1 occupied the building after #ahej4 ,later used by the ,grand ,lodge of ,masons4 #eae ,cherry ,street1 residence of ,bass ,otis in #ahai1 who made the first ,american lithograph4 #ebh ,arch ,street1 site1 ,pennsylvania ,college of ,dental ,surgery1 first in ,philadelphia1 founded #aheb2 now absorbed by the ,university of ,pennsylvania4 #fbg ,arch ,street1 site1 ,woman's ,medical ,college1 first in ,america to graduate women physicians1 founded #ahej4 ,southeast corner of ,seventh and ,arch ,streets1 residence of ,david ,rittenhouse in #aggj4 ,northwest corner of ,seventh and ,arch ,streets1 ,fort ,rittenhouse2 residence of ,david ,rittenhouse1 #aghg2 treasurer of ,pennsylvania4 #aag ,north ,seventh ,street1 site1 ,mikveh ,israel ,synagogue1 built in #agdg4 ,removed to ,broad and ,york ,streets4 #cg-ci ,north ,seventh ,street1 first ,united ,states ,mint1 #agib4 ,david ,rittenhouse1 superintendent4 ,southeast corner of ,sixth and ,market ,streets1 site of ,robert ,morris residence2 next to it1 on ,market ,street1 #ecj-ecf1 site of ,president ,washington's mansion and ,john ,adams1 second ,president2 originally built for ,richard ,penn4 #gjj ,market ,street1 ,penn ,national ,bank4 ,house where ,thomas ,jefferson wrote the ,declaration of ,independence4 #hja ,market ,street1 site1 office of ,thomas ,jefferson1 ,secretary of ,state4 ,about #hjh ,market ,street1 site1 residence of ,thomas ,jefferson1 in #agia4 #ae ,south ,seventh ,street1 ,franklin ,institute1 founded #ahbd2 classic architecture1 marble2 ,john ,haviland1 architect4 ,,colonial ,,walk ,,no4 #b ,illustration3 #a4 ,continental ,hotel4 #b4 ,post ,office4 #c4 ,walnut ,street ,theatre4 #d4 ,musical ,fund ,hall4 #e4 ,potter ,house4 #f4 ,jewish ,cemetery4 #g4 ,pennsylvania ,hospital4 #h4 ,morris ,house4 #i4 ,holy ,trinity ,r4 ,c4 ,church4 #aj4 ,washington ,square4 #aa4 ,the ,anthenaeum4 #ab4 ,st4 ,mary's ,r4 ,c4 ,church4 #ac4 ,old ,pine ,street ,presbyterian ,church4 #ad4 ,st4 ,peter's ,p4 ,e4 ,church4 #ae4 ,market4 #af4 ,site ,blue ,anchor ,inn4 #ag4 ,site ,slate ,roof ,house4 #ah4 ,stock ,exchange4 #ai4 ,st4 ,paul's ,p4 ,e4 ,church4 #bj4 ,girard ,bank4 #ba4 ,st4 ,joseph's ,r4 ,c4 ,church4 #bb4 ,contributionship ,fire ,insurance4 #bc4 ,dispensary4 ,southeast corner of ,ninth and ,chestnut ,streets1 site1 ,cook's ,museum and ,circus2 first mummies brought to the ,united ,states are said to have been shown here4 ,northwest corner of ,ninth and ,chestnut ,streets1 ,,united ,,states ,,post ,,office1 built in #ahhd on site of the ,mansion ,house1 built for the official residence of ,president ,washington1 but never occupied2 used for the ,university of ,pennsylvania4 ,bronze statue of ,benjamin ,franklin1 sculptor1 ,john ,boyle2 ,chestnut ,street front1 inscription by ,washington3 8,venerated for ,benevolence1 admired for ,talent1 esteemed for ,patriotism1 beloved for ,philanthropy02 bronze bust1 ,president ,mc,kinley in corridor2 sculpture group on roof by ,d4 ,c4 ,french4 ,northeast corner of ,ninth and ,sansom ,streets1 site1 ,,chinese ,,museum2 later1 in #ahce1 ,peale's ,museum2 exhibitions by the ,franklin ,institute were held here4 ,northeast corner of ,ninth and ,walnut ,streets1 ,,walnut ,,street ,,theatre1 built in #ahjh2 oldest theatre in the ,united ,states4 #hjh ,locust ,street1 ,,musical ,,fund ,,hall1 built in #ahbd2 oldest building in ,philadelphia in continuous use as a hall2 ,dr4 ,charles ,h4 ,jarvis conducted classical soires here before the ,academy was built2 has fine acoustic properties2 it is on the site of the ,fifth ,presbyterian ,church1 which was moved to ,tenth and ,arch ,streets4 #bfj ,south ,ninth ,street1 ,,potter ,,house1 built #ahab2 ,joseph ,bonaparte lived here two years2 the cartoons1 8,birth of ,psyche10 brought by him from ,versailles1 still form the mural decorations of the banquet hall4 ,northeast corner of ,spruce and ,darien ,streets1 below ,ninth1 ,,jewish ,,cemetery1 founded #agdj2 ,rebecca ,gratz1 heroine in ,scott's 8,ivanhoe10 is buried near the entrance4 #bbe ,south ,eighth ,street1 ,,morris ,,mansion1 built #aghg2 typical colonial model4 ,eighth and ,pine ,streets1 ,,pennsylvania ,,hospital1 founded1 #agea1 by ,dr4 ,thomas ,bond and ,benjamin ,franklin2 ,georgian4 ,contains ,benjamin ,west's famous painting 8,christ ,healing the ,sick02 woman with white head shawl is said to be likeness of ,west's mother4 #gae ,spruce ,street1 residence of ,nicholas ,biddle in #ahbj2 now used by the ,american ,roman ,catholic ,society4 #gje ,locust ,street1 residence of ,e4 ,l4 ,davenport1 tragedian4 ,southwest corner of ,seventh and ,locust ,streets1 site where ,dr4 ,horace ,howard ,furness began his great variorum edition of ,shakespeare4 #fah ,locust ,street1 residence of ,john ,w4 ,forney1 journalist4 ,southwest corner of ,seventh and ,walnut ,streets1 oldest ,savings ,bank in ,america2 established #ahaf1 by ,mr4 ,condy ,raguet with twelve directors2 classic adaptation2 ,furness1 ,evans and ,company1 architects2 among the oil portraits to be seen there are ,lewis ,wain and ,john ,c4 ,lowber1 by ,thomas ,sully2 ,g4 ,colesberry ,purves1 by ,william ,m4 ,chase1 and ,condy ,raguet1 artist unknown4 ,southeast corner of ,seventh and ,chestnut ,streets1 site1 residence of ,george ,clymer1 signer of the ,declaration of ,independence4 #gjh ,chestnut ,street1 site1 residence of ,jared ,ingersoll1 signer of the ,united ,states ,constitution2 later1 residence ,george ,m4 ,dallas1 ,vice-,president of the ,united ,states4 ,opposite1 on ,chestnut ,street below ,eighth1 eastern end of ,green's ,hotel1 site1 residence of ,thomas ,fitzsimmons1 signer of the ,united ,states ,constitution4 #fcb ,chestnut ,street1 site of ,waln mansion4 #fae-ag-ai ,chestnut ,street1 site1 ,,the ,,arcade1 built in #ahbf2 the ,public ,ledger issued its first number here ,march #be1 #ahcf4 #fje ,chestnut ,street1 bronze tablet front1 inscription3 8,site of ,first ,,chestnut ,,street ,,theatre1 #agic-ahee4 #8,hail6 ,columbia1' composed by ,joseph ,hopkinson1 first sung here1 ,april #be1 #agih1 by ,gilbert ,fox4 ,fanny ,elssler danced here in #ahdj2 ,jenny ,lind sung1 in #ahej2 ,charlotte ,cushman acted1 in #ahea2 erected by ,the ,city ,historical ,society of ,philadelphia40 ,northwest corner of ,sixth and ,ranstead ,streets1 above ,chestnut1 site1 ,the ,,falstaff ,,hotel1 from #ahad-af2 ,first ,city ,troop met here4 #acj ,south ,sixth ,street1 site1 residence ,thomas ,g4 ,wharton2 birthplace in #ahbd of the ,historical ,society of ,pennsylvania4 ,southwest corner of ,sixth and ,walnut ,streets1 ,curtis ,publishing ,company1 on site of the ,ludwig ,building1 a school erected by ,christopher ,ludwig1 8,baker ,general0 of the ,revolution2 see ,architecture4 ,southeast corner of ,sixth and ,walnut ,streets1 site1 ,,walnut ,,street ,,gaol1 #agge-ahch2 extended nearly to ,fifth ,street2 in the rear1 fronting ,locust ,street1 then ,prune ,street1 was the debtors' prison2 ,judge ,william ,moore1 also ,provost ,william ,smith1 were confined here1 in #ageh1 for publishing so-called seditious pamphlets on patriotism2 the students went there to recite their lessons to him2 ,robert ,morris1 financier of the ,revolution1 was in prison here1 in #agig1 for debts incurred in a large private transaction2 first successful balloon ascension in ,america was from the gaol yard1 by ,j4 ,p4 ,blanchard1 ,french aronaut1 ,january1 #agic4 ,sixth to ,seventh ,streets1 on ,walnut1 ,,washington ,,square1 patented by ,william ,penn1 #agjd-je1 as burial ground for strangers2 hundreds of ,revolutionary soldiers were buried here1 also victims of the great yellow fever epidemic in #agic2 in early times colored slaves gathered here to sing their native songs1 and give wild ,african dances among the graves2 named ,washington ,square by ,councils1 ,may1 #ahbe1 and improved for public use2 monument to the ,washington ,grays1 bronze1 life-size figure of a private in original uniform4 #bae ,south ,sixth ,street1 site1 residence of ,hon4 ,james ,campbell1 ,united ,states ,postmaster ,general1 appointed by ,president ,pierce4 #bai ,south ,sixth ,street1 ,the ,,athenaeum ,,of ,,philadelphia1 founded1 #ahac1 by students from the ,university1 for a circulating library2 first president1 ,william ,tilghman1 ,chief ,justice of ,pennsylvania2 the ,law ,library was there many years1 while ,courts were ,sixth and ,chestnut ,streets2 was great chess center2 architect1 ,john ,notman4 #bde ,south ,sixth ,street1 site1 residence ,commodore ,barry1 who succeeded ,john ,paul ,jones as head of the ,american ,navy4 ,locust ,street below ,sixth1 south side1 site1 ,,prune ,,street ,,theatre2 8,home ,sweet ,home0 was sung here for the first time in ,america4 ,northwest corner of ,sixth and ,spruce ,streets1 ,,holy ,,trinity ,,roman ,,catholic ,,church1 built1 #agci2 circular building1 alternate red and black bricks2 body of ,stephen ,girard was buried here for many years2 later removed to ,girard ,college4 #add-ed ,south ,fifth ,street1 site1 ,free ,quaker ,cemetery4 #abg ,south ,fifth ,street1 site1 ,,philadelphia ,,dispensary1 oldest in ,united ,states2 founded by ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush in #aghf2 now merged with ,pennsylvania ,hospital4 ,northeast corner of ,fourth and ,walnut ,streets1 residence ,general ,stephen ,moylan1 military secretary to ,washington2 ,muster ,master ,general of the ,continental ,army in #agge4 ,south side ,walnut ,street1 above ,fourth4 ,john ,marshall1 ,chief ,justice of the ,united ,states1 died here ,july #f1 #ahce4 ,willing's ,alley1 south of ,walnut ,street1 east of ,fourth1 ,,st4 ,,joseph',s ,,church2 built in #agca2 oldest ,roman ,catholic ,church in ,philadelphia2 has painting1 8,hagar and ,ishmael10 by ,benjamin ,west2 ,washington is said to have been first referred to as 8,the ,father of his ,country0 by the priest1 in his sermon after ,washington's death2 ,lancaster ,county makes the same claim4 #cji ,walnut ,street1 site1 last residence of ,bishop ,white4 #bab ,south ,fourth ,street1 ,,philadelphia ,,contributionship ,,for ,,the ,,insurance ,,of ,,houses ,,from ,,loss ,,by ,,fire1 oldest fire-insurance company in ,america1 founded #ageb1 by ,benjamin ,franklin2 known as 8,the ,hand-in-,hand10 from its seal2 ,classic architecture1 built1 #ahce2 portraits1 ,horace ,binney by ,thomas ,sully2 painted in #ahcg1 and by ,george ,b4 ,a4 ,healy in #aheg2 ,dr4 ,charles ,willing and ,hon4 ,john ,welsh by ,bernard ,uhle2 ,james ,lewis ,smith by ,henry ,inman2 ,william ,sellers and ,ellis ,yarnall by ,percy ,bigland1 ,english2 ,alexander ,biddle1 ,sydney ,p4 ,hutchinson and ,john ,t4 ,morris by ,vonnoh2 ,james ,s4 ,smith1 #b;d1 by ,van ,morcken4 #bah-bb ,south ,fourth ,street1 site1 ,edward ,shippen mansion2 ,president1 ,provisional ,council1 and ,first ,mayor of ,philadelphia2 his daughter1 ,peggy ,shippen1 was married to ,benedict ,arnold4 ,southwest corner of ,fourth and ,prune ,streets1 or ,locust1 residence of ,dr4 ,caspar ,wistar1 in #agii2 the garden extended to ,st4 ,mary's churchyard2 is now headquarters of the ,philadelphia ,chapter ,no4 #b of ,colonial ,dames4 #bdd-ej ,south ,fourth ,street1 ,,st4 ,,mary',s ,,roman ,,catholic ,,church1 built1 #agfc1 has a fine pieta by ,boucher2 in the graveyard are the tombs of ,commodore ,barry and of ,thomas ,fitzsimmons1 members ,continental ,congress4 #cch ,spruce ,street1 residence1 ,joseph ,hopkinson1 born #aggj1 died #ahdb2 author of 8,hail6 ,columbia10 #agih2 it was called 8,the ,president's ,march10 and always sung when ,washington held state events2 music by ,henry ,roth2 he also wrote 8,the ,battle of the ,kegs40 ,southwest corner of ,fourth and ,pine ,streets1 ,,old ,,pine ,,street ,,presbyterian ,,church1 brick1 rough cast2 classic2 porch with ,corinthian columns2 built1 #aheg2 graveyard is on both sides2 east portion belongs to ,first ,church1 west to ,old ,pine4 ,southwest corner of ,leithgow ,street1 above ,fourth and ,south ,streets1 ,,south ,,street ,,theatre1 #agff-ahba2 now used as a business building4 ,east side of ,leithgow ,street1 west of ,fourth1 between ,south and ,bainbridge ,streets1 site1 ,,apollo ,,street ,,theatre1 #ahaa4 ,spruce to ,pine ,streets1 ,third to ,fourth1 site1 ,,old ,,almshouse1 #agca1 and ,,philadelphia ,,hospital1 #agcb4 ,northwest corner of ,third and ,lombard ,streets1 residence of ,,charles ,,willson ,,peale1 #agda-ahbg4 ,southwest corner of ,third and ,pine ,streets1 ,,saint ,,peter',s ,,church1 built1 #agfa2 in the ,churchyard are the tombs of ,rev4 ,jacob ,duch and ,charles ,willson ,peale1 artist1 #agda-ahbg2 it is often said1 8,to belong to old ,philadelphia ,society one must have an ancestor who entered ,paradise through ,saint ,peter's graveyard02 7see ,churches74 ,northwest corner of ,third and ,pine ,streets1 site1 residence of ,colonel ,john ,nixon1 who read the ,declaration of ,independence4 ,northeast corner of ,third and ,pine ,streets1 site1 residence of ,rev4 ,jacob ,duch2 later1 ,british ,military ,hospital4 #bbd ,pine ,street1 site1 residence1 ,mayor ,john ,stamper1 #agfj2 ,governor ,john ,penn died here4 8,his funeral was very great1 making quite a crowd40 #bcg ,de,lancey ,street1 above ,pine1 site1 residence of ,horace ,binney1 the great lawyer4 ,about #bfj ,south ,third ,street1 site1 ,bingham residence2 later1 in #ahbh1 ,joseph ,head's ,,mansion ,,house1 known as the most sumptuous inn in ,america2 ,john ,quincy ,adams stayed here in #ahaa2 ,pennsylvania ,society of the ,cincinnati gave a dinner in #ahaa1 celebrating the unveiling of a monument to ,general ,wayne2 8,sons of ,washington0 held their annual dinner here on ,washington's ,birthday2 ,french citizens gave a dinner in #ahcj1 ,peter ,du ,ponceau presiding1 in popular demonstration after the ,french ,revolution of the overthrow of ,charles ,x4 #bef ,south ,third ,street1 site1 8,washington ,hall10 built1 #ahad2 erected by the ,washington ,benevolent ,society2 here ,general ,andrew ,jackson was fted and dined1 in ,february1 #ahai2 ,lafayette attended a dinner in #ahbd given to ,richard ,rush1 envoy to ,england from the ,united ,states1 afterward member of ,adams ,cabinet2 second ,horticultural ,exhibition was held in #ahcj4 #bdd ,south ,third ,street1 residence of ,samuel ,powell1 ,mayor of ,philadelphia1 #agge-hi2 fine colonial architecture2 many functions were held here during the ,revolution2 ,washington celebrated his twentieth wedding anniversary here1 ,january #f1 #aggi4 #bbh ,south ,third ,street1 site1 ,thomas ,willing residence1 in #agdf4 #bag-ca ,south ,third ,street1 ,,st4 ,,paul',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 built1 #agfa2 ,headquarters of ,philadelphia ,city ,mission2 ,edwin ,forrest1 tragedian1 is buried in the graveyard2 7see ,churches74 ,southeast corner of ,dock and ,moravian ,streets1 below ,walnut1 publisher's office of ,burton's ,gentleman's ,magazine1 while ,edgar ,allan ,poe was editor4 ,southeast corner of ,third and ,walnut ,streets1 site1 residence of ,alexander ,hamilton1 and site of ,fort ,wilson1 residence of ,james ,wilson1 a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence4 #cja ,walnut ,street1 site1 residence of ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush1 in #agia1 a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence4 #cjg ,walnut ,street1 site1 residence of ,judge ,richard ,peters4 ,back part of ,walnut ,court1 between #cad-cah ,walnut ,street1 site1 ,friends' ,almshouse1 #agac-ahda4 ,southeast corner of ,third and ,pear ,streets 7now ,chancellor71 ,robert ,bell's bookstore2 ,bell's imprints are sought by collectors4 #aaf-abj ,south ,third ,street1 ,,girard ,,national ,,bank1 oldest banking building in ,america2 ,stephen ,girard1 financier of the ,war of #ahab1 bought it in #ahab2 it was his office until his death1 ,december #bf1 #ahca4 #aad ,south ,third ,street1 site1 ,,jay ,,cooke',s ,,banking ,,house1 financier of the ,civil ,war4 ,sansom ,street1 formerly ,lodge ,street1 above ,second2 first successful locomotive1 ,old ,ironsides1 built in ,america was made by ,matthias ,baldwin in #ahbh4 ,northwest corner of ,second and ,sansom ,streets1 site1 residence of ,william ,logan1 #agej-fj4 ,southeast corner of ,second and ,sansom ,streets1 site1 ,,slate ,,roof ,,house1 #afih-ahfg1 built for ,william ,penn2 his son ,john was born here1 ,january #bi1 #agjj2 sold to ,william ,trent1 founder of ,trenton1 in #ahjc1 for eight hundred and fifty pounds2 ,general ,forbes1 ,governor of ,pennsylvania1 died here4 8,his funeral was of great splendor40 #aba ,south ,second ,street1 site1 residence of ,robert ,fulton1 artist and engineer4 #abc ,south ,second ,street1 site1 residence of ,captain ,joseph ,anthony2 ,assembly met here in #ahbh-cj4 ,back of #ade-dg ,south ,second ,street1 site of ,indian reservation4 ,second ,street1 southeast corner of ,little ,dock ,street1 site1 ,loxley ,house in #agbj2 ,lydia ,darrach is supposed to have lived here2 ,benjamin ,franklin used the front door key in electricity experiment with a kite4 ,water ,street1 between ,walnut and ,dock ,streets1 ,hamilton's ,wharf4 ,,first ,,assembly ,,balls were held here1 in a large room1 about #agdj4 ,second and ,pine ,streets1 ,,second ,,street ,,market1 built1 #agde4 #bjj ,pine ,street1 site1 residence of ,charles ,elias ,boudinot4 ,south ,street from ,south ,street1 corner of ,american1 between ,second and ,third ,streets1 inscription on corner house3 8,in this street was birthplace of ,edwin ,forrest2 ,commodore ,joseph ,cresson2 ,alexander ,wilson2 and ,joel ,b4 ,sutherland1 first ,president of the ,society of #ahab40 ,second ,street below ,south1 west side1 ,,southwark ,,bank1 built1 #ahbe4 #cj ,south ,street1 site1 ,plumsted ,house2 ,,mason ,,and ,,dixon',s ,,observatory was near here4 ,front and ,pine ,streets2 probable site of the ,penny ,pot ,house4 ,northwest corner of ,front and ,dock ,streets1 probable site of the ,,blue ,,anchor ,,inn1 in #afhb1 where ,william ,penn first landed in ,philadelphia4 ,,notable ,,architecture ,architecture should comprise beauty1 fitness1 and stability4 ,it is classified by various styles from the past1 necessarily developed by modern characterists4 ,eras of great national vigor invariably express themselves architecturally1 by means of great scale4 ,to illustrate1 the ,pyramids at ,gizeh and the great temple at ,karnak mark the zenith of ,egyptian civilization2 the ,parthenon echoes the halcyon days of ,greece2 ,imperial ,rome boasted the ,baths of ,caracalla and the ,colosseum2 the glorious ,renaissance in ,italy culminated in the grandeur of ,st4 ,peter's ,church2 and the consecration and craftsmanship of ,gothic builders crashed to earth with the lofty vaulting of ,beauvais4 ,also consider1 in chronological order1 the buildings of our own time1 they present a mute record of the ever-increasing virility of the nation2 in the lacelike tower of the ,woolworth ,building1 piercing the blue heaven for a thousand feet1 we read the tremendous advance and limitless possibilities of the country whose dreams become realities4 ,among the early ,,colonial or ,,georgian buildings are1 ,,carpenters' ,,hall1 ,chestnut ,street below ,fourth2 ,,christ ,,church1 ,second ,street above ,market2 ,,hamilton ,,mansion in ,woodlands ,cemetery1 ,thirty-ninth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue2 ,,independence ,,hall1 group1 ,chestnut ,street between ,fifth and ,sixth2 ,,old ,,swedes' ,,church 7,gloria ,dei71 ,swanson ,street near ,front and ,christian ,streets2 ,,pennsylvania ,,hospital1 ,eighth and ,pine ,streets2 ,,st4 ,,peter',s ,,church1 ,third and ,pine ,streets4 ,egyptian4 ,,synagogue ,,adath-,,jeshurum1 ,broad and ,diamond ,streets2 ,indiana limestone2 architects1 ,thomas1 ,churchman1 and ,molitor4 ,classic4 ,,academy ,,of ,,music1 ,broad and ,locust ,streets4 ,interior classic2 brick2 built1 #ahej2 architects1 ,le,brun ,runge2 the audience room is very large1 modeled after celebrated opera houses in ,europe2 plan of the balconies is now considered obsolete1 but the general effect is undeniably fine1 and has a flavor of the ,second ,empire4 ,,cathedral ,,of ,,ss4 ,,peter ,,and ,,paul1 ,logan ,square2 brownstone1 built about #ahfj2 architects1 ,napoleon ,le,brun for the building1 ,john ,notman for the faade2 it is impressive and dignified4 ,,united ,,states ,,custom ,,house1 ,chestnut ,street below ,fifth2 architect1 ,john ,haviland4 ,,girard ,,college1 ,corinthian and ,girard ,avenues2 architect1 ,thomas ,u4 ,walters2 modeled after the ,parthenon4 ,,girard ,,national ,,bank1 #aaf ,south ,third ,street2 portico of the ,third ,street front is ,corinthian1 studied from the ,parthenon and ,temple of ,saturnus2 it stands on a stylobate1 elevated above the pavement by steps on three sides1 which gives it emphasis and dignity1 and marks it as the feature of approach to the building2 this portico is flanked on either side by a pavilion of pilasters1 of the same character as the columns of the portico1 the space between the pilasters being pierced with windows which are adorned with architraves and cornices supported by carved brackets2 the pilasters and columns are surmounted by a cornice pediment and balustrade of great elegance of detail and proportion1 studied from the best class of ,roman antique work2 the tympanum of the pediment is enriched by the date of the erection1 #agie1 and the ,american eagle in bas-relief carving1 of excellent modeling2 from the pavement to the apex of the portico is fifty-six feet2 entire front is of ,pennsylvania blue marble2 the building was erected for the ,bank of the ,united ,states in #agig1 and followed closely the lines of the ,dublin ,exchange2 architect1 ,samuel ,blodgett2 marble work was done by ,claudius ,le,grand in his yard at ,tenth and ,market ,streets2 this was the first building in ,philadelphia to be erected with portico and pillars2 in #aija1 it was carefully renovated by ,james ,h4 ,windrim4 ,,girard ,,trust ,,company1 northwest corner of ,broad and ,chestnut ,streets1 built in #aijh2 architects1 ,mc,kim1 ,mead ,white1 ,new ,york2 ,furness ,evans1 ,philadelphia2 has steel frame and ,gustavino dome faced with white marble2 while the form of this building was probably suggested by the ,pantheon at ,rome1 details of the order are rather ,greek1 and the colonetts1 forming the mullions of the windows1 suggest the ,certosa di ,pavia4 ,,ridgway ,,library1 ,south ,broad and ,christian ,streets1 ,doric2 built1 #ahhj2 granite2 architect1 ,addison ,hutton4 ,,old ,,stock ,,exchange1 ,second1 ,walnut and ,dock ,streets1 white marble2 has semicircular ,corinthian colonnade1 and lantern modeled after the ,temple of ,lysicrates2 architect1 ,william ,strickland4 ,,st4 ,,patrick',s ,,church1 ,twenty-first and ,locust ,streets1 ,roman2 classic2 brick and granite2 built1 #aiac2 architects1 ,la,farge ,morris1 ,new ,york2 faade of this church is big in conception1 full of dignity and repose1 and forms a most successful termination to the vista when viewed from ,rittenhouse ,street4 ,,united ,,states ,,mint1 ,seventeenth and ,spring ,garden ,streets1 built1 #ahih2 light gray granite2 architect1 ,james ,knox ,taylor4 ,moorish4 ,,horticultural ,,hall1 ,fairmount ,park2 built1 #ahgf2 architect1 ,herman ,j4 ,schwarzmann4 ,,rodeph ,,shalom ,,synagogue1 ,mt4 ,vernon and ,north ,broad ,streets4 ,byzantine4 ,,first ,,baptist ,,church1 ,seventeenth ,street above ,chestnut1 stone2 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler1 architect4 ,,jacob ,,reed',s ,,sons1 store1 #adbd ,chestnut ,street1 brick1 marble1 and tile2 built1 #aijd2 ,price ,mc,lanahan1 architects2 faade is one of the most interesting in the city2 the column caps are symbolic of the business conducted therein1 as is also the tile work on the intrados of the arch1 which depicts the shearing and manufacturing of wool and has the richness of an ,oriental rug4 ,gothic4 ,,academy ,,of ,,the ,,fine ,,arts1 ,broad and ,cherry ,streets1 ,venetian polychrome ,gothic1 brick1 limestone1 and tile2 architects1 ,furness ,hewitt2 faade is interesting1 as the most prominent example of the ,venetian ,gothic style1 used in ,philadelphia in the latter part of the nineteenth century4 ,,broad ,,and ,,arch ,,streets ,,methodist ,,episcopal ,,church1 white marble4 ,,st4 ,,clement',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,twentieth and ,cherry ,streets1 ,norman2 built1 #aheg2 brownstone2 architect1 ,john ,notman2 later improvements2 new roof2 apse2 ,lady chapel and parish buildings by ,horace ,wells ,sellers4 ,,st4 ,,james' ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,twenty-second and ,walnut ,streets1 ,english decorated ,gothic1 with sculptured band around the tower2 ,ohio green sandstone and granite2 architect1 ,g4 ,w4 ,hewitt4 ,,st4 ,,luke',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,germantown ,avenue and ,coulter ,street1 granite and limestone2 architect1 ,richard ,upjohn of ,new ,york1 who first used the principles of ,gothic architecture in ,america2 rectory1 ,st4 ,margaret's ,home1 parish house1 and the rood screen in the church are by ,cope ,stewardson2 organ screen is by ,pierson4 ,,st4 ,,mark',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,locust ,street below ,seventeenth1 early decorated ,gothic2 brownstone2 architect1 ,john ,notman2 later improvements include the ,lady chapel1 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson4 ,,second ,,presbyterian ,,church1 ,twenty-first and ,walnut ,streets1 ,french1 with early ,english details2 resembles the ,parish ,church in ,norfolk1 ,england2 architect1 ,henry ,sims4 ,,st4 ,,stephen',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,tenth ,street above ,chestnut1 early ,gothic1 with two octagonal towers2 stone2 interior decorated by ,frank ,furness2 rich and unusual color4 ,,south ,,memorial ,,church ,,of ,,the ,,advocate1 ,eighteenth and ,diamond ,streets1 ,french2 architect1 ,c4 ,m4 ,burns2 built1 #ahig2 interior profusely adorned with carving2 windows by ,clayton ,bell4 ,romanesque4 ,,church ,,of ,,st4 ,,francis ,,de ,,sales1 ,,roman ,,catholic1 ,forty-seventh ,street and ,springfield ,avenue1 brick and terra cotta2 ,gustavino dome and mosaic1 a very beautiful example of the style2 built1 #aiab2 architect1 ,henry ,d4 ,daggit4 ,,holy ,,trinity ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,nineteenth and ,walnut ,streets1 ,norman1 brownstone2 architect1 ,john ,notman4 ,,masonic ,,temple1 ,broad and ,filbert ,streets1 ,norman with elaborately carved porch2 gray granite2 built about #ahgj2 architect1 ,james ,h4 ,windrim4 ,,church ,,of ,,the ,,saviour1 ,,protestant ,,episcopal1 ,thirty-eighth ,street1 north of ,chestnut ,street1 ,norman2 architect1 ,charles ,m4 ,burns2 the half dome and apse are decorated by ,edwin ,h4 ,blashfield2 said to be one of the finest examples of mosaic work in this country2 alms boxes and reredos1 designed by the late ,james ,warner1 are also of considerable interest4 ,renaissance4 ,,art ,,club1 southwest corner of ,broad and ,chancellor ,streets1 ,italian and ,french influences2 brick and ,indiana limestone2 architect1 ,frank ,miles ,day4 ,,city ,,hall1 open daily1 #i4jj ,a4,m4 to #c4jj ,p4,m41 ,broad and ,market ,streets1 on site of ,penn ,square1 formerly ,centre ,square1 on which was a ,friends' meeting-house in #afhe2 ,rochambeau's ,encampment1 #agha2 ,wayne's ,encampment1 #agid2 and the first city waterworks in #ahja2 this is the largest single building in ,america2 covers four and a half acres1 ,french1 begun in #ahga1 white marble with granite base2 built in the form of a hollow square1 with passageways connecting both ,market and ,broad ,streets2 contains #ffb rooms2 the tower1 on the north center1 about #eej feet high1 is surmounted by a colossal bronze statue of ,william ,penn2 center and corner pavilions have attic stories1 and hanging stairs of polished granite2 architect1 ,john ,mc,arthur1 ,jr42 chief points of interest are the council chambers2 mayor's reception room1 with portraits of ,philadelphia mayors2 and state court rooms2 from the roof is an excellent view of the city4 ,to ,alexander ,milne ,calder1 ,philadelphia is indebted for the applied sculpture1 the artistic feature of the building1 many scores of figures1 symbolic of the history of this nation ,illustration3 ,,captain ,,nicholas ,,biddle ,in the ,tower ,gallery of ,city ,hall ,alexander ,milne ,calder1 ,sculptor and the world1 fine types of ,indians1 and other races2 the negro heads being known among artists as the best of their kind2 ornamentation symbolic of music1 art1 science1 and commerce1 is used as an integral part of this great public edifice1 an inherent factor in true decoration1 where it comes into its own1 as well as in gardens1 parks1 boulevards1 and plazas4 ,statues outside1 on ,city ,hall pavement1 are1 ,general ,john ,f4 ,reynolds1 by ,rogers2 ,general ,mc,clellan2 the ,pilgrim by ,saint ,gaudens2 the ,quaker by ,giuseppe ,donato2 ,stephen ,girard and ,john ,wanamaker by ,j4 ,massey ,rhind2 ,joseph ,leidy1 ,m4,d42 ,president ,mc,kinley1 and ,john ,c4 ,bullitt4 ,,college ,,of ,,physicians1 ,twenty-second ,street1 above ,chestnut1 ,english2 built1 #aiaj2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson4 ,,dropsie ,,college1 ,broad ,street below ,york1 ,french2 architects1 ,pitcher ,tachau4 ,,hamilton ,,court1 ,thirty-ninth and ,chestnut ,streets1 ,italian2 steel frame faced with brick and limestone2 an apartment house built around an open court1 recalling very strongly1 both in color and detail1 the earlier ,venetian palaces4 ,,memorial ,,hall1 ,fairmount ,park1 ,german1 granite2 built1 #ahgf2 architect1 ,herman ,j4 ,schwarzmann2 one of the best designed monumental buildings in the city4 ,,union ,,league addition1 ,fifteenth and ,sansom ,streets1 ,italian2 steel frame1 faced with limestone2 built1 #aiab2 architect1 ,horace ,trumbauer3 a very dignified and restrained elevation1 suggestive of a ,roman palace4 ,spanish4 ,,the ,,first ,,church ,,of ,,christ ,,scientist1 ,walnut ,street above ,fortieth2 architects1 ,carrere ,hastings4 ,,pennsylvania ,,institute ,,for ,,the ,,instruction ,,of ,,the ,,blind1 ,overbrook2 ,spanish mission2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson4 ,english4 ,,mellor1 ,,meigs ,,and ,,howe ,,office1 #bje ,south ,juniper ,street1 rough brick2 architects1 ,mellor ,meigs4 ,,the ,,athenaeum of ,philadelphia1 #bai ,south ,sixth ,street2 architect1 ,john ,notman2 has best points of work done in #ahej1 showing traditions of the past1 with developments and characteristics of its own2 interior has a most beautiful reading room4 ,,the ,,university ,,buildings1 from ,thirty-fourth to ,fortieth ,streets1 ,walnut ,street to ,woodland ,avenue1 add much to the architectural attraction of ,west ,philadelphia2 entrances to the campus1 near the dormitories1 are fine ,tudor gateways1 wrought iron1 with brick and stone piers4 7,see ,university of ,pennsylvania47 ,hon4 ,james ,arthur ,balfour said in #aiag1 8,the ,americans build ,brobdignagian cathedrals1 and use them for office buildings40 ,,the ,,skyscrapers4 ,,adelphia ,,hotel1 ,thirteenth and ,chestnut ,streets1 ,italian ,renaissance1 brick and terra cotta2 built1 #aiad2 architect1 ,horace ,trumbauer2 the arabesque detail on lower stories of the faade1 and pattern formed by projecting bricks1 on the stories above1 are worthy of notice2 interiors are pleasing and architecturally correct4 ,,bell ,,telephone1 a ,parkway building1 corner of ,seventeenth and ,arch ,streets2 height above ground #bgc feet2 stone2 with interesting faade2 architect1 ,john ,t4 ,windrim4 ,,bellevue-,,stratford ,,hotel1 southwest corner ,broad and ,walnut ,streets1 ,french ,renaissance2 steel frame1 faced with terra cotta2 architects1 ,hewitt ,bros4 ,most beautifully proportioned and artistic business building in ,philadelphia4 ,,bourse1 ,fourth to ,fifth ,streets1 below ,market2 adaptation of the ,franois ,premier2 with fine feeling of dignity1 in placing within the broad paving2 architects1 ,hewitt ,bros4 ,,bulletin ,,building1 ,juniper and ,filbert ,streets1 ,french2 steel frame1 faced with terra cotta2 architect1 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler4 ,,curtis ,,publishing ,,company1 ,sixth and ,walnut ,streets1 modern adaptation of ,georgian2 steel frame1 faced with white marble and brick2 built1 #aiaj2 architect1 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler2 faces ,independence ,square1 and although thoroughly modern1 harmonizes perfectly1 both in color and design1 with the historic ,georgian group1 of which ,independence ,hall is the center1 and adds to the quiet colonial atmosphere of the ,square2 interior is excellently designed2 entrance1 lobby1 editorial offices1 and the employes' dining room being of particular interest4 ,mechanical equipment is the finest of its kind in the world1 producing an average of #e1eeh1fjj complete paid for publications per issue of the ,ladies' ,home ,journal1 ,saturday ,evening ,post1 and ,the ,country ,gentleman for six months ending ,june #cj1 #aibd4 ,twenty original paintings1 and the mosaic 8,the ,dream ,garden10 by ,maxfield ,parrish1 a mural made of ,tiffany favrile glass1 the work proceeded through an entire year1 in the ,tiffany ,studios1 where each piece of glass was fired under the personal supervision of ,mr4 ,tiffany and ,mr4 ,briggs2 time can never impair its freshness1 color1 or luminosity4 ,visitors will be shown the entire plant daily1 except ,saturdays and ,sundays1 between #i4jj ,a4,m4 and #e4jj ,p4,m4 ,,farm ,,journal1 ,seventh ,street and ,washington ,square1 ,georgian2 colonial brick and ,indiana limestone2 architects1 ,bunting ,shrigley4 ,,harrison ,,building1 ,fifteenth and ,market ,streets1 ,franois ,premier2 built1 #ahie2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson2 an unusual example of well-studied1 though elaborate ,renaissance detail2 notice the graceful roof1 recalling the charming chateaux along the ,loire4 ,,land ,,title ,,building1 southwest corner of ,broad and ,chestnut ,streets1 modern adaptation of classic2 steel frame1 faced with gray granite and brick2 architects1 ,d4 ,h4 ,burnham ,co41 ,chicago2 contrast the scale of the order1 in the newer portion of the building on ,broad ,street entrance1 with the insignificant order in the old building4 ,,manufacturers' ,,club1 ,broad and ,walnut ,streets1 ,italian ,renaissance2 built1 #aiad2 steel frame1 faced with limestone2 architects1 ,simon ,bassett2 has a handsome faade1 crowned by a daring ,florentine cornice2 interior unusually interesting in detail4 ,,racquet ,,club1 ,sixteenth ,street below ,walnut1 ,georgian2 colonial brick1 marble trimmings2 architect1 ,horace ,trumbauer4 ,,real ,,estate ,,trust ,,building1 southeast corner of ,broad and ,chestnut ,streets1 ,renaissance2 architect1 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler4 ,,ritz-,,carlton ,,hotel1 ,broad and ,walnut ,streets1 modern adaptation1 style of the ,adam ,brothers2 built1 #aiab2 steel frame1 faced with colonial brick and ,indiana limestone2 architects1 ,warren ,wetmore1 ,new ,york1 ,horace ,trumbauer1 ,philadelphia1 associate4 ,the keynote of this structure is refinement and good taste2 a recognition of the fact that commercialism and good architecture are by no means incompatible4 ,,stephen ,,girard ,,building1 ,twelfth and ,girard ,streets1 modern adaptation of ,greek classic2 built about #ahid2 steel frame1 faced with brick and marble2 architect1 ,john ,t4 ,windrim2 details of this building are interesting2 note the bronze caryatid figures which support the heads of the second story windows2 the wrought iron gates to the court on ,girard ,street rank with the best modern wrought ironwork in the city4 ,,wanamaker ,,store1 ,chestnut1 ,market1 ,juniper1 and ,thirteenth ,streets1 modern adaptation of ,italian ,renaissance1 built1 #aiaj2 steel frame1 with light gray granite2 architects1 ,d4 ,h4 ,burnham ,co41 ,chicago2 exterior of this store is one of the finest in the city1 it is simple1 dignified1 and impressive1 without being monotonous2 the great scale of the ,doric order at the base1 the severe wall treatment1 and the splendid cornice1 combine to express a purity and loftiness seldom equaled in commercial buildings2 a guide may be had1 upon application1 who will conduct visitors through the entire building including the kitchens4 ,,west ,,philadelphia ,,high ,,school1 ,forty-sixth and ,walnut ,streets1 ,tudor ,gothic2 rough brick and ,indiana limestone2 built1 #aiac1 by the ,city ,architect4 ,,widener ,,memorial ,,home for crippled children1 ,broad ,street and ,olney ,avenue1 ,georgian1 built1 #aijf2 ,harvard brick and marble trimmings2 architect1 ,horace ,trumbauer2 has a very beautifully designed wrought iron gateway4 ,to make a 8,city ,beautiful0 is to give it wide streets1 lined with handsome buildings and houses1 plenty of parks1 boulevards1 and to rid it of rows upon rows of semi-shanty premises1 small1 ill-kept1 and unattractive4 ,each new building that is put up within the city limits should1 in its arrangements and architecture1 help toward making the locality in which it is erected more attractive than at the present time4 ,this idea has been carried out in the ,,carnegie ,,free ,,library buildings1 scattered about within the limits of the municipality1 as their varied exteriors are very distinguished1 from an architectural point4 ,the interiors are designed to avoid the multiplication of corridors2 principal rooms used for reading1 the art and reference rooms1 are stately and fine4 ,an interesting ,,gateway is the entrance to the ,,manheim ,,cricket ,,club1 ,germantown1 ,georgian2 consisting of massive brick piers1 surmounted by stone caps1 connected at the top with a wrought iron supporting lantern1 below which are the heavy wrought iron central gates2 this1 with smaller gateways1 and a most attractive brick wall1 forms the enclosure for the grounds2 architects1 ,mc,kim1 ,mead ,white4 ,,art ,,collections ,,and ,,art ,,schools ,philadelphia being the seat of government of colonial times1 is extremely rich in historic portraits4 ,they are in ,the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts2 ,independence ,hall2 ,historical ,society of ,pennsylvania2 ,carpenters' ,hall2 ,american ,philosophical ,society2 ,pennsylvania ,hospital2 ,academy of ,natural ,science2 ,the ,library ,company of ,philadelphia2 ,mercantile ,library2 ,college of ,physicians2 ,united ,states ,mint2 ,university of ,pennsylvania2 many banks and insurance companies4 ,,pennsylvania ,,academy ,,of ,,the ,,fine ,,arts1 ,broad ,street above ,arch2 open free daily1 #i4jj ,a4,m4 to #e4jj ,illustration3 ,a ,,quiet ,,hour ,painted by ,john ,w4 ,alexander ,courtesy of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts ,p4,m41 ,sundays1 #a4jj ,p4,m4 to #e4jj ,p4,m42 fee for special exhibitions2 was the first art institute in ,america1 founded1 #ahje2 its history is in no small measure the history of ,american art itself1 and dates back to #agia1 when ,charles ,willson ,peale attempted to organize in ,philadelphia a school of art2 from this grew1 in #agid1 the ,columbianum1 which held the first exhibition of paintings1 in #agie1 in ,independence ,hall4 ,the permanent collection of paintings and sculpture now includes the ,gallery of ,national ,portraiture1 with the largest number of portraits by ,gilbert ,stuart to be seen in any museum2 and notable works by other early ,american painters--,benjamin ,west1 ,washington ,allston1 ,matthew ,pratt1 the ,peales1 ,sully1 ,neagle1 ,inman1 ,eichholz1 ,trumbull1 and ,bass ,otis2 the ,gibson ,collection1 largely composed of the ,continental schools2 ,temple collection of modern ,american paintings2 important works by many of the world's greatest artists2 and the ,phillips collection of about forty thousand etchings and engravings4 ,annual exhibitions are1 miniatures1 water colors1 illustration1 and etchings in ,november and ,december2 oil painting and sculpture in ,february and ,march1 considered the salon of living ,american artists2 also special exhibitions and lectures on art4 ,the ,academy coperates with the system of ,international ,catalogue ,exchange4 ,since the beginning of the ,academy's existence1 men and women whose names have become illustrious in the annals of ,american art have been enrolled as students4 ,the schools are equipped in every way to teach the technique of painting and sculpture1 the faculty is composed of representative artists of the day2 collections1 galleries1 classrooms1 models1 and casts are admirably fitted to afford instruction fully equal to that obtainable in ,europe4 ,many substantial prizes are awarded annually to students upon the merits of their work4 ,the ,william ,emlen ,cresson ,travelling ,scholarships send1 on an average1 sixteen students abroad yearly for four months1 and enable them to return to the ,academy and continue their studies without payment of tuition fee4 ,the ,fellowship of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts1 organized #ahig1 sends out annually two exhibitions of original oil paintings by notable artists2 one to other cities1 the other to the ,philadelphia public schools1 where they remain one month in each school2 while there1 the paintings are explained by a member of the ,fellowship to school children1 thus teaching them true appreciation of art4 ,a ,picture ,purchase ,fund was established in #aiab1 with which pictures have been bought1 from ,fellowship ,exhibitions1 and placed in ,philadelphia libraries and public schools4 ,,john ,,graver ,,johnson ,,museum ,,of ,,paintings1 #eaj ,south ,broad ,street1 left by bequest ,april1 #aiag1 to the ,city of ,philadelphia1 is open to the public2 throughout ,europe and ,america this vast collection of old and modern masters is famous for extent and merit4 8,no other ,american collection has so wide a range and so even a quality10 says ,f4 ,mason ,perkins2 it contains scores of examples which could not be duplicated at any price4 ,noted for the completeness of different schools of painting4 ,,philadelphia ,,school ,,of ,,design ,,for ,,women1 southwest corner of ,broad and ,master ,streets2 first industrial art school in this country2 similar to the 8,ecoles ,professionelles des ,femmes10 in ,paris2 was founded in #ahdd by ,mrs4 ,sarah ,peters1 the ,american wife of the ,british ,consul in ,philadelphia1 in her own house2 later1 the ,franklin ,institute assumed charge of the classes until #ahec1 when it was incorporated1 and a ,board of ,directors elected4 ,its aim is to put art students in touch with business demands1 as well as to cultivate1 to the highest degree1 their artistic ability4 ,the ,normal ,art ,course embodies all the special studies required by modern educators for teachers of art and design1 and with courses in the fine arts1 illustration1 and costume illustration2 has trained many women1 now earning handsome emoluments and winning distinction4 ,the residence on ,broad ,street1 forming entrance to the school1 which occupies large buildings in the rear1 was the home of ,edwin ,forrest1 a famous tragedian2 the fine gallery which he erected to house his collection of paintings1 now at the ,forrest ,home for ,actors at ,holmesburg1 is used for annual exhibitions of the school's painting classes4 ,edwin ,forrest died here in #ahgb and ,john ,sartain in #ahig2 ,john ,sartain was celebrated as a mezzotint engraver1 and lived here with his daughter1 ,miss ,emily ,sartain1 then principal of the school1 herself a skilled painter1 and engraver in mezzotint2 who with her well chosen faculty of eminent artists1 carried to a prosperous fulfilment ,mrs4 ,peters' initiative effort4 ,,pennsylvania ,,museum ,,and ,,school ,,of ,,industrial ,,art was founded in #ahgf1 as a concrete embodiment of the lessons taught by the ,centennial ,exhibition1 and has developed forms of artistic craftsmanship that were practically unknown in ,america4 ,the ,museum is housed in ,memorial ,hall1 ,fairmount ,park1 memorial of the ,centennial2 ,modern ,renaissance2 architect1 ,herman ,j4 ,schwarzmann4 ,open free1 ,mondays1 #ab4jj ,m41 other days #i4cj ,a4,m41 closing #e4jj ,p4,m41 ,sundays1 #a4jj ,p4,m4 to #f4jj ,p4,m4 ,established as a museum of art in all its branches and technical application1 with a special view to the development of the art industries of the state4 ,among its important collections are the ,w4 ,p4 ,wilstach paintings1 about five hundred old masters1 with their schools2 and contemporary international paintings1 belonging to the ,city of ,philadelphia2 with #gjj1jjj endowment1 interest to be used for their care and increase1 by the ,commissioners of ,fairmount ,park2 among the many brilliant artists represented are1 ,whistler1 ,munkcsy1 ,sorolla1 ,zuloago1 ,velasquez1 the ,barbizon1 ,italian1 and ,dutch ,schools of ,landscape4 ,the famous ,bayeux tapestry is here2 laces2 vestments2 porcelains2 enamels2 carved ivories2 period furniture2 some of the ,edwin ,atlee ,barber collection of ,american pottery and porcelains2 ,lewis collection of ,swiss stained glass1 sixteenth and seventeenth centuries2 ,frishmuth collection of colonial antiquities4 ,a ,bureau of ,identification is maintained where art objects may be classified4 ,the school is at the northwest corner of ,broad and ,pine ,streets2 porch of this building1 facing ,broad ,street1 is a fine example of ,tuscan architecture1 erected1 #ahbh4 ,the school has forty instructors4 ,free scholarships are given in each county of this state4 ,this is the leading school in ,america in associating the study of art with practical training2 through its equipment students not only design1 but actually manufacture2 it includes a complete textile plant with looms1 dye house1 and all related appliances which make possible the production of most artistic fabrics2 other courses are cast and wrought metal2 furniture2 leather work2 pottery2 garden furniture in cement2 mosaic2 also the ,normal ,art ,courses1 illustration2 architectural drawing2 modeling2 interior decoration2 book binding4 ,classes are attended by men and women1 who pursue exactly the same studies4 ,graduates are sought to fill lucrative positions as designers2 artistic craftsmen2 and art teachers4 ,,drexel ,,institute1 ,thirty-second and ,chestnut ,streets4 ,a day and evening technical school of ,art1 ,science1 and ,industry for men and women2 founded by ,anthony ,j4 ,drexel1 #ahia2 ,renaissance1 brick2 architects1 ,wilson ,brothers4 ,the leading ,american and ,european current periodicals relating to art1 science1 and technology are in the library4 ,art ,gallery contains collections owned by ,john ,d4 ,lankenau1 works by modern ,german masters1 and ,anthony ,j4 ,drexel1 works of ,international1 contemporary1 modern painters4 ,the ,museum1 open free #aj4jj ,a4,m4 to #e4jj ,p4,m4 daily1 except ,sundays1 includes examples of ,industrial ,art and the ,decorative ,arts of ,india1 ,egypt1 ,china1 ,japan1 and ,europe4 ,,graphic ,,sketch ,,club1 #gai ,catharine ,street1 founded by ,samuel ,s4 ,fleisher in #ahii1 to provide1 free1 an art center which should give the culture craved by many intelligent young people1 to whom it had been denied by circumstances4 ,the ,club ,house is open only at night1 ,saturday afternoons1 and all day ,sundays4 ,this is an ,art ,club in effect1 as well as name2 rooms are artistically furnished in beautiful color harmonies1 and embellished with choice bronzes bought at our ,academy exhibitions1 and fine porcelains4 ,students are educated in art1 for the practical good it will do them1 and cultural growth2 all are day workers4 ,the faculty is composed of well known artists2 classes include portrait and still life painting2 illustration and sculpture4 ,from this school have gone some of the most original workers in the schools of the ,academy of the ,fine ,arts4 ,landscape classes are in session during the summer4 ,lectures are given on art or musical topics4 ,membership in the ,club is attained by attendance in the classes for three years4 ,,public ,,art ,,school1 ,park ,avenue and ,master ,street1 founded by ,charles ,g4 ,leland1 now under the direction of the ,board of ,public ,education2 open to pupils in grammar grades of public schools4 ,a course of study was planned1 including drawing1 clay modeling1 and wood carving1 to train students to originate design1 and do the manual work as well1 so that the designer should be the artisan also4 ,,art ,,club1 #bbj ,south ,broad ,street4 ,annual exhibition of paintings and sculpture1 gold medal awarded2 and special shows by individual artists4 ,,art ,,jury1 ,city ,hall1 ,philadelphia1 created by ,act of ,legislature1 #aijg1 providing1 8,that in every city of first class1 there shall be an ,art ,jury1 composed of the ,mayor and eight others1 of whom shall be1 one each1 painter1 sculptor1 architect1 and ,park ,commissioner1 to pass upon design and location of all buildings2 bridges2 arches2 fountains2 or fixtures to be erected in the city40 ,,city ,,parks ,,association1 ,city ,hall4 ,,darby ,,school ,,of ,,painting1 ,fort ,washington1 ,montgomery ,county4 ,outdoor classes4 ,hugh ,h4 ,breckenridge1 #aj ,south #ahth ,street1 ,philadelphia4 ,,fairmount ,,park ,,art ,,association1 organized1 #ahga4 #cbj ,s4 ,broad ,street4 ,,pennsylvania ,,society ,,of ,,miniature ,,painters1 organized1 #aija4 ,annual fall exhibition1 ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts4 ,,philadelphia ,,chapter1 ,,american ,,institute ,,of ,,architects1 #acja ,stephen ,girard ,building2 organized1 #ahfi4 ,,the ,,philadelphia ,,sketch ,,club 7men71 #bce ,south ,camac ,street1 organized1 #ahfj4 ,annual fall exhibitions of members' work2 also special exhibitions4 ,,philadelphia ,,water-,,color ,,club1 ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts1 annual international exhibitions2 also ,traveling exhibitions of members' work4 ,,plastic ,,club1 women1 #bdg ,south ,camac ,street2 organized1 #ahig4 ,annual and special exhibitions2 lectures1 and sketch classes4 ,t-,,square ,,club1 #bjd ,south ,quince ,street1 founded1 #ahha4 ,annual architectural exhibition2 drafting2 decorative painting2 modeling2 and architecture in coperation with ,society of ,beaux-,arts ,architects1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,the ,d',,ascenzo ,,studios1 for ,stained ,glass1 #afjd ,summer ,street1 founded twenty years ago1 include designing2 painting2 firing2 and glazing2 work is begun and completed1 in both modern and antique1 with preference for the antique school1 for architectural fitness and conventionality2 also glass mosaic and mural decoration4 ,d',ascenzo's art may be seen in many important churches and buildings in this country2 in the ,chapel at ,valley ,forge1 and in ,philadelphia may be mentioned ,st4 ,mark's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,frankford2 ,st4 ,james' ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,twenty-second and ,walnut ,streets2 ,st4 ,patrick's ,roman ,catholic ,church1 ,twentieth and ,locust ,streets2 ,synagogue ,rodeph ,shalom1 ,philadelphia4 ,,william ,,willet ,,and ,,annie ,,lee ,,willet ,,studios1 ,,for ,,stained ,,glass1 #bbf ,south ,eleventh ,street1 formerly of ,pittsburgh4 ,while all the world is deploring the loss of the magnificent old glass in the cathedrals of ,europe1 here the art of fused glass has been raised to such perfection that their great windows have all that the old work has1 of depth1 glow1 and shadow1 under modern conditions of stability2 among their notable windows are1 the ,sanctuary ,window1 ,west ,point ,military ,chapel1 ,new ,york2 ,proctor ,hall1 the ,graduate ,school1 ,princeton1 ,new ,jersey1 great west window2 many in the churches and public buildings of ,pittsburgh1 ,chicago and elsewhere2 in and near ,philadelphia1 in ,summit ,presbyterian ,church1 ,carpenter and ,west ,view ,streets1 ,germantown2 ,st4 ,michael's ,sanctuary window1 ,high ,street1 ,germantown2 ,john ,chambers ,memorial ,church2 ,the ,buchanan ,memorial1 ,st4 ,nathaniel's ,church1 ,kensington2 the ,harrison ,memorial2 ,holy ,trinity ,church1 ,nineteenth and ,walnut2 the ,leta ,sullivan in the ,assumption1 ,strafford4 ,notable private art collections in ,philadelphia1 that may sometimes be seen by writing for permit1 which for variety and value1 have few peers are3 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,tragic ,,muse ,from the ,edward ,hornor ,coates ,memorial ,collection ,painted by ,violet ,oakley ,courtesy of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts ,p4 ,a4 ,b4 ,,widener',s1 several hundred choice and rare paintings1 mostly masterpieces of great artists of the ,renaissance1 and modern4 ,the ,w4 ,l4 ,,elkins2 many fine examples of medieval and modern portraiture1 landscape and genre painting4 ,the ,,john ,,mcfadden1 best collection of solely eighteenth century ,english paintings in this country4 ,the ,,edward ,t4 ,,stotesbury1 masterpieces of the ,english ,school and international contemporary art4 ,should these collections accompany the ,,wilstach1 now in ,memorial ,hall1 to the ,municipal ,art ,museum in ,fairmount ,park1 now under construction1 it would begin its career with a wealth of paintings1 more comprehensive and valuable than any that ever inaugurated a similar institution1 not excepting the ,louvre1 ,pitti1 ,dresden1 ,national in ,london1 and ,metropolitan1 ,new ,york1 which grew from small beginnings1 thus placing the highest products of art within equal and easy reach of all classes4 ,this ,museum will constitute the central feature of a comprehensive plan in progress1 at the head of the ,parkway1 for a real art center1 more imposing in scale and impressive in its entire effect than any similar art center in any ,american ,city4 ,the ,,pennsylvania ,,academy ,,of ,,the ,,fine ,,arts has been granted a site facing the ,fairmount ,plaza1 also the ,,pennsylvania ,,museum ,,and ,,school ,,of ,,industrial ,,art4 ,,army ,,and ,,navy ,,the ,,first ,,city ,,troop1 ,armory1 ,twenty-third ,street1 above ,chestnut2 founded in #aggh4 ,an exclusive social organization4 ,oldest military command in the ,united ,states in continuous active service2 its traditions of active service are as loyally preserved as its rights as escort of the ,president1 and other distinguished men4 ,in the ,spanish-,american ,war in #ahih1 8,the ,troop0 was the first body of cavalry landed at ,porto ,rico4 ,the 8,gentlemen of ,philadelphia0 met in ,independence ,hall1 ,november #ag1 #aggd1 and formed a company of cavalry called1 8,the ,light ,horse of the ,city of ,philadelphia02 they were dismissed by ,washington after the ,revolution in #aggh1 and reorganized immediately as the ,first ,city ,troop2 the ,troop voted to give the certificate of dismissal1 signed by ,washington1 to their captain1 ,samuel ,morris2 the paper is now in possession of the decendants of ,elliston ,p4 ,morris1 of ,germantown4 ,,frankford ,,arsenal1 ,bridge and ,tacony ,streets2 local station1 ,bridesburg2 open1 free1 daily1 #g4de ,a4,m4 to sunset4 ,established1 #ahad2 ,president ,madison was at the opening exercises4 ,lafayette stopped at the ,arsenal in #ahbd4 ,here are complete small arms cartridge factory equipment2 artillery cartridge factory equipment2 and machine plant for the manufacture of inspecting instruments2 sights for cannon2 range finders2 and other instruments for fire control at the fortifications1 etc4 ,,philadelphia ,,navy ,,yard1 ,league ,island1 about #ajjj acres2 junction of ,delaware and ,schuylkill ,rivers2 deeded to the ,national ,government by the ,city of ,philadelphia in #ahfh4 ,open to the public daily between #i4jj ,a4,m4 and #d4jj ,p4,m4 ,established about #agid on the ,delaware ,river front1 at ,prime ,street4 ,a large number of the old wooden ships of the ,navy were built here1 such as the ships of the line1 ,franklin1 ,pennsylvania and ,north ,carolina2 frigates1 ,united ,states1 ,raritan1 and ,guerriere2 sloops of war1 ,vandalia1 ,germantown1 and ,dale2 screw steamers1 ,princeton1 ,wabash1 and ,lancaster2 side wheel steamers1 ,mississippi and ,susquehanna4 ,at present there are two dry docks2 shops employ #bjjj men2 three large barrack buildings for the use of marines stationed at the ,yard accommodate #adjj men4 ,admiral ,benson1 former ,commandant1 considers this the best ,navy ,yard in the ,government's possession1 being in the center of coal and iron industries1 within short haul1 both by rail and water1 for all material required by a great navy yard2 its nearness to great private shipyards on the ,delaware provides skilled mechanics in the art of ship-building1 and the fresh water feature1 being unique1 is of great importance2 barnacles accumulated in salt water drop off in fresh water1 simply by docking here for short periods4 ,there is also a large ,reserve ,basin called the ,back ,channel1 where ships out of commission can be laid up until wanted4 ,the berthing facilities may be indefinitely extended by constructing additional sea wall and piers4 ,,fort ,,mifflin1 below mouth of the ,schuylkill1 has casement dungeons1 and earthen banks of early warfare1 and was prominent in the ,revolutionary ,war2 designed and built by ,major ,louis de ,tousard in #agih4 ,now1 in the magazines1 ammunition from government battleships is stored1 before they enter the ,navy ,yard2 the magazines are surrounded by poles1 on each pole is a lightning rod4 ,,united ,,states ,,naval ,,asylum1 ,gray's ,ferry ,avenue below ,bainbridge ,street1 classic1 marble2 has ,museum of ,uniforms4 ,,historic ,,burial ,,grounds ,the earliest were connected with churches2 some date almost from the beginning of the city4 ,baptist4 ,,blockley ,,cemetery1 ,meeting-,house ,lane1 between ,lancaster ,avenue and ,haverford ,street2 ground given1 #ahjd4 ,church is at ,fifty-third ,street and ,wyalusing ,avenue4 ,,dunker1 ,germantown1 on ,germantown ,avenue above ,sharpnack ,street2 oldest meeting-house of the ,german ,baptists1 or ,dunkers1 in ,america2 erected1 #aggj4 ,burial ground opened1 #agic2 in it lie ,alexander ,mack1 founder of the sect1 and ,harriet ,livermore1 the 8,pilgrim ,stranger0 of ,whittier's 8,snow ,bound40 ,,mennonite1 ,germantown ,avenue above ,herman ,street2 church was built1 #aggj2 many early ,germantown settlers are buried in the yard4 ,,pennypack1 or ,,lower ,,dublin1 ,krewston ,road near ,pennypack ,creek1 one mile from ,bustleton2 here is oldest ,baptist church edifice in ,pennsylvania1 built about #agjg2 in the old time graveyard are many curious moss covered tombstones4 ,friends4 ,when the graves are marked the stones are always small and inconspicuous4 ,,fairhill ,,meeting1 ,germantown ,avenue and ,cambria ,street2 ground granted by ,william ,penn2 a large and beautiful old cemetery and near 8,fairhill10 the great ,norris estate4 ,,the ,,meeting ,,house1 ,fourth and ,arch ,streets1 was built in #ahjd1 but the ground was used for burials many years before2 it is one of the oldest cemeteries in ,philadelphia4 ,some of the most prominent citizens of very early days lie here with nothing to mark their resting-place2 it is computed that twenty thousand persons are interred here4 ,jewish4 ,,mikveh ,,israel1 on ,spruce ,street1 near ,ninth2 ground was granted to ,nathan ,levy by ,john ,penn in #agch2 here lies the beautiful ,rebecca ,gratz1 original of ,rebecca in ,scott's 8,ivanhoe40 ,in ,august1 #aiac1 the little burial ground was opened for the interment of her grandniece1 the first burial for thirty years4 ,,mount ,,sinai1 ,frankford ,avenue1 near ,bridge ,street1 has imposing entrance1 erected1 #ahed4 ,lutheran4 ,,st4 ,,michael',s1 ,germantown ,avenue and ,phil-,ellena ,street1 joins the church built about #agcj2 a notable grave1 with flat marble stone resting on four columns1 is that of ,christopher ,ludwig1 8baker general0 to the ,american army during the ,revolution4 ,methodist4 ,,st4 ,,paul',s1 ,catharine ,street near ,sixth4 ,church is now used as an ,italian mission2 has a small graveyard4 ,presbyterian4 ,,of ,,first ,,and ,,third ,,churches1 ,southwest corner of ,fourth and ,pine ,streets1 ,first ,church1 ,seventh and ,locust ,streets1 has the eastern section4 ,when the ,first ,church abandoned its old ,market ,street site for the present locality1 the bodies were moved whenever possible1 and many of the old headstones were inserted in the south wall of the new graveyard4 ,the ,third ,church1 called 8,old ,pine10 divides the grounds1 using the west section2 both are most interesting1 with many people of note interred1 including ,david ,rittenhouse2 ,william ,hurry1 who is said to have rung the ,liberty ,bell when proclaiming independence2 ,dr4 ,william ,shippen1 ,director ,general of ,hospitals during the war for ,independence2 many ,revolutionary soldiers2 and ,captain ,charles ,ross of the ,first ,city ,troop4 ,protestant ,episcopal4 ,,all ,,saints1 ,bristol ,turnpike1 ,torresdale4 ,established #aggb-gc1 when the first church edifice was built4 ,,christ ,,church has two burialgrounds1 one attached to the church on ,second ,street1 ,north of ,market1 dating from the earliest days of the church1 the other southeast corner of ,fifth and ,arch ,streets1 where first interment was made in #agcj2 graves of ,benjamin ,franklin and ,deborah1 his wife1 are in the northwest corner2 may be seen from ,arch ,street through an iron railing set in the brick wall2 in these graveyards are buried many distinguished ,americans2 among them ,peyton ,randolph1 first ,president of the ,continental ,congress2 ,commodores ,truxton1 ,biddle1 ,bainbridge1 and ,dale2 ,robert ,morris2 several signers of the ,declaration of ,independence2 ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush1 ,dr4 ,philip ,syng ,physick1 ,bishop ,white1 and ,dr4 ,william ,augustus ,muhlenberg4 ,,gloria ,,dei 7,old ,swedes'71 ,front and ,swanson ,streets1 south of ,christian2 church built1 #agjj1 being the oldest church building in ,philadelphia2 a most interesting graveyard surrounds it2 the celebrated ornithologist1 ,alexander ,wilson1 is buried here4 ,,st4 ,,james1 ,,kingsessing1 ,sixty-eighth ,street and ,paschall ,avenue2 church erected1 #agfb2 ,general ,josiah ,harmer1 of the ,revolution1 is buried in the graveyard4 ,,st4 ,,james ,,the ,,less1 ,hunting ,park ,avenue and ,clearfield ,street2 this beautiful little ,gothic church1 brownstone1 built #ahdg1 has a number of fine monuments in the burial ground2 ,john ,wanamaker is buried here4 ,,st4 ,,luke',s1 ,germantown ,avenue and ,coulter ,street1 church dates from #ahah2 the famous ,philadelphia annalist1 ,john ,fanning ,watson1 is interred in the churchyard4 ,,st4 ,,peter',s1 southwest corner of ,third and ,pine ,streets2 in the graveyard lies the body of ,commodore ,stephen ,decatur1 the grave surmounted by an ,ionic column supporting an ,american eagle2 other notable names here are ,chew1 ,cadwalader1 ,mifflin1 ,binney1 ,biddle1 ,peale1 ,waln1 ,meade1 ,mc,call1 ,duch1 ,norris1 ,kuhn1 ,montgomery4 ,,trinity1 ,oxford1 near ,fox ,chase1 east of old ,second ,street ,pike2 present church dates from #agaa2 began as a log meeting house1 #afih2 tombstones date as early as #agjh2 the inscriptions on some are quaint and original4 ,roman ,catholic4 ,,holy ,,trinity1 northwest corner of ,sixth and ,spruce ,streets1 dates from #aghi2 on the old tombstones may be deciphered names of many of the early ,german and ,french inhabitants of ,philadelphia4 ,stephen ,girard was buried here until #ahea1 later his body was removed to ,girard ,college4 ,,most ,,holy ,,redeemer1 ,richmond ,street1 opposite ,hedley ,street1 ,bridesburg2 many of the ,redemptorist ,fathers are buried here4 ,,other ,,notable ,,burial ,,grounds ,,north ,,cedar ,,hill1 ,frankford ,avenue corner of ,foust ,street1 incorporated1 #aheg2 a soldiers' monument to the ,civil ,war soldiers from ,frankford is in the older part4 ,,crispin1 ,holmesburg2 contains grave of ,thomas ,holme1 who laid out the city of ,philadelphia2 plot is under care of the ,crispin ,association1 formed of descendants of ,holme4 ,,glenwood1 ,ridge ,avenue and ,twenty-seventh ,street1 opened1 #ahej1 has notable monument of the ,scott ,legion ,association1 formed among the surviving soldiers of the ,mexican ,war4 ,,greenwood1 ,asylum ,pike and ,arrott ,street1 ,frankford2 established1 #ahfi1 by the benevolent order of the ,knights of ,pythias1 as a burial place for members and their families2 occupies the 8,mount ,airy0 estate1 once residence of ,commodore ,stephen ,decatur4 ,,hood1 or 8,,the ,,lower ,,burial ,,ground10 on ,germantown ,avenue at ,logan ,street1 opened in #afic1 having been presented to the borough of ,germantown by ,jan ,streepers4 ,many early settlers of ,germantown lie here2 among them ,frederic ,william ,post1 the ,moravian missionary to the ,indians1 and ,condy ,raguet1 founder of the ,saving ,fund in ,philadelphia2 in #ahdg1 ,william ,hood built the front entrance1 of ,pennsylvania marble1 the wall and railing4 ,,ivy ,,hill1 ,east ,mount ,airy ,avenue1 above ,stenton ,avenue1 chartered1 #ahfg2 about #hj acres2 the ,second ,baptist ,church has removed to ,ivy ,hill about #cjj bodies from its old burial place on ,new ,market ,street2 an imposing monument is here in memory of ,david ,lyle1 ,chief ,engineer of the ,volunteer ,fire ,department from #ahei-fg4 ,,north ,,laurel ,,hill1 ,east bank of ,schuylkill ,river and ,ridge ,avenue1 organized1 #ahce2 formerly 8,laurel10 country seat of ,joseph ,sims4 8,fairy ,hill10 seat of ,pepper family1 now ,,central ,,laurel ,,hill1 and 8,harleigh10 ,william ,rawle's place1 now ,,south ,,laurel ,,hill2 historic dead and artistic monuments fill these cemeteries2 ,commodores ,murray and ,hull1 ,general ,george ,gordon ,meade1 and ,mrs4 ,cornelius ,stevenson1 8,peggy ,shippen0 of the ,ledger1 are among those who lie here2 the ,lea ,memorial1 sculptor ,a4 ,sterling ,calder1 is very beautiful1 the chapel is early ,english4 ,just across the ,schuylkill ,river1 on ,belmont ,avenue1 at ,pencoyd ,station1 is ,,west ,,laurel ,,hill1 opened in #ahfi4 ,general ,herman ,haupt is among those buried here4 ,,monument1 ,broad ,street and ,montgomery ,avenue1 was laid out by ,dr4 ,john ,a4 ,elkinton in #ahcf2 an obelisk monument1 on a pedestal1 erected1 #ahei1 in honor of ,washington and ,lafayette1 was designed by ,john ,sartain1 artist1 who is buried near base of shaft4 ,,mount ,,moriah1 ,sixty-second ,street and ,kingsessing ,avenue1 opened1 #ahee2 has grave of ,betsy ,ross1 over which a flag floats perpetually4 ,,mount ,,peace1 ,lehigh ,avenue and ,thirty-first ,street1 was originally country seat of the ,ralston family1 known as ,mount ,peace estate4 ,,mount ,,vernon1 ,ridge and ,lehigh ,avenues1 opposite ,laurel ,hill1 chartered1 #ahef2 the ,gardel monument was long considered handsomest in the country4 ,,national ,,cemetery1 ,haines ,street and ,limekiln ,pike1 land acquired by the ,united ,states ,government in #ahhe1 it is well wooded1 and the grounds are laid out with flowering plants2 about #bgjj ,union soldiers are buried here2 their graves marked by long rows of small granite slabs1 bearing their names and the ,states from which they came4 ,soldiers of three wars lie here2 a granite monument1 erected by the ,united ,states1 marks the burial place of #ahd ,confederate soldiers and sailors4 ,,palmer1 at ,palmer1 ,belgrade1 and ,memphis ,streets1 owes its origin to ,anthony ,palmer2 in #agcj1 he purchased a large tract of land in 8,the ,northern ,liberties10 on which he laid out a town and named it ,kensington2 his daughter carried out his wishes1 and bequeathed ground for a burial place for those living in ,kensington4 ,,ronaldson',s1 ,tenth and ,fitzwater ,streets1 now neglected1 was founded by ,james ,ronaldson in #ahbf as a burial place in which persons of moderate means could find a grave without any of the restrictions which attended interments in the churchyards2 he gave the ground1 almost a city square1 decorated it with trees and shrubbery2 so beautifully was it kept that it was considered 8,the model burial place of the ,city10 until the opening of ,laurel ,hill4 ,,upper ,,burial ,,ground1 or ,,ax',s1 ,germantown ,avenue near ,washington ,lane4 ,john ,frederick ,ax was caretaker from #agbd-ef2 many early settlers are buried here1 the oldest known grave being that of ,cornelius ,tyson1 who died in #agaf2 there are also graves of some ,american soldiers and officers1 killed in the ,battle of ,germantown2 over them1 ,john ,fanning ,watson placed a marble headstone4 ,,woodlands1 ,thirty-ninth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 was in early times the country seat of ,william ,hamilton1 known as 8,the ,woodlands02 acquired by ,woodlands ,cemetery ,company in #ahdj4 ,many distinguished men and women are buried here1 among them ,commodore ,thomas ,stewart1 who commanded the ,constitution in #ahab2 ,general ,john ,stewart1 ,major ,generals ,d4 ,b4 ,birney and ,abercrombie of the ,civil ,war2 ,rembrandt ,peale2 ,william ,k4 ,hewitt and ,p4 ,f4 ,rothermel1 ,artists2 ,john ,davenport1 ,actor2 ,colonel ,thomas ,a4 ,scott and ,j4 ,edgar ,thomson2 ,frank and ,louise ,stockton2 ,dr4 ,s4 ,weir ,mitchell and ,anthony ,j4 ,drexel4 ,,historic ,,churches ,,in ,,philadelphia ,among the eight hundred and five churches in ,philadelphia1 are3 ,the ,philadelphia ,,baptist1 whose ,association celebrated its two hundredth and tenth anniversary in #aiag4 ,,first ,,church1 ,seventeenth ,street below ,chestnut1 open daily1 is a consistent example of ,byzantine architecture with ,american modifications2 stone2 architect1 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler4 ,windows made by ,heinecke ,bowen are copies of the ,byzantine leaded glass2 lights and shadows in drapery are all done with leaded strips of glass1 not painted4 ,,temple1 ,broad and ,berks ,streets1 famous on account of its pastor1 ,rev4 ,russell ,h4 ,conwell1 was dedicated1 #aija2 at that time it was the largest church edifice in the ,united ,states1 excepting the ,mormon ,temple at ,salt ,lake ,city2 auditorium seats #cace people3 ,romanesque1 with two low towers on the front1 surmounted by large copper domes1 which give an ,oriental touch2 architect1 ,thomas ,lonsdale4 ,fine rose window in front1 said to have been made by ,john ,la,farge2 other windows are by ,j4 ,r4 ,lamb and ,r4 ,s4 ,groves3 the ,hope-,jones organ1 built by the ,rudolph ,wurlitzer ,company1 is one of the largest in this country2 it has all the orchestral accompaniments4 ,,tabernacle1 ,chestnut and ,fortieth ,streets1 ,gothic1 stone1 has a window by ,william ,willet4 ,there are about one hundred ,baptist churches in ,philadelphia4 ,christian ,science4 ,,first ,,church ,,of ,,christ ,,scientist1 ,walnut ,street near ,fortieth2 ,spanish architecture4 ,congregational4 ,,central1 ,eighteenth and ,green ,streets1 ,gothic1 stone1 built in #ahgb2 architect1 ,d4 ,supplee2 organized in #ahfd2 first services were held in old ,concert ,hall1 #abag ,chestnut ,street1 afterwards used as first ,free ,library ,building2 sermon 8,recognition10 was preached by ,rev4 ,henry ,ward ,beecher2 other sermons of early days1 by ,richard ,s4 ,storrs1 ,d4,d4 ,about nine or ten churches of this denomination are in ,philadelphia4 ,friends' or ,quaker ,meeting-,houses4 8,what dignity breathes from the lofty space ,and amplitude of hospitality ,in these old-fashioned ,quaker shrines6 ,most friendly seems the long1 high1 sturdy roof1 ,most friendly the all-welcoming old walls ,seen through the sheltering trees4 ,o mighty oaks and noble sycamores1 ,with trunks moss-silvered and with lichened limb1 ,breathe soft to me the storied memories ,and treasured records of the long rich years ,that blessed the meeting-houses40 7,from 8,old ,meeting-,houses10 by ,john ,russell ,hayes47 ,for more than one hundred years there has been no change in the general style of architecture2 before that time1 the earliest meeting-house in ,philadelphia1 at ,second and ,market ,streets1 was built with a central lantern or cupola2 probably copied from a meeting-house of similar form in ,burlington1 ,new ,jersey1 built1 #afhb2 where the yearly meeting for ,new ,jersey and ,pennsylvania was first held3 later it met alternately at ,philadelphia and ,burlington1 but since #agej in ,philadelphia1 ,fourth and ,arch ,streets4 ,one of the most interesting old meeting-houses1 built in #afif1 is at ,,merion1 near ,narberth ,station1 ,pennsylvania ,railroad1 in which ,william ,penn preached2 another1 that he attended1 is the old ,,haverford1 built in the early eighteenth century1 near ,cobb's ,creek1 opposite ,st4 ,dennis ,roman ,catholic ,church4 ,,radnor and ,,plymouth are also interesting old houses2 all these last named are now owned by the ,,hicksite ,,branch of ,quakers1 who also own over seventy other meeting-houses throughout the state4 ,among those owned by the ,,orthodox ,,branch within ,philadelphia are the ,fourth and ,arch ,streets1 not only the most important1 but of great charm architecturally2 it is very large and stands on ground originally given by ,william ,penn to ,george ,fox1 and by the latter to ,friends in ,america2 and may be taken as typical of the later and best ,quaker architecture2 built in #ahjd1 following the style of the pre-,revolutionary days of the houses just named1 but adapted in material and size to the increased numbers worshiping within2 it is of brick1 set in ample grounds1 with abundant shade2 the ground about it1 and much also covered now by the building and by ,arch ,street1 is a very old burial ground1 filled over several times4 ,james ,logan is buried under the pavement of ,arch ,street4 ,,twelfth ,,street ,,meeting-,,house1 brick1 built in #ahab1 is second in importance1 and one of the most beautiful bits in old ,philadelphia4 ,the oak timbers in its roof are said to have come from the 8,great ,meeting-,house10 which succeeded that with the cupola at ,second and ,market ,streets2 oak timbers are also exposed with good effect in the upper room of the ,arch ,street house2 the two houses are of the same general type and severely plain1 but form1 together with that at ,sixth and ,noble ,streets1 a most dignified trio of places for worship2 remarkable for true proportion and dignity of outline1 they are typical of the wealth and solidity of the ,friends at their most flourishing period4 ,,the ,,meeting ,,house1 ,sixth and ,noble ,streets1 known as 8,north ,meeting10 once accommodating a large congregation1 has been reduced in members by removals2 the ,yearly ,meeting has therefore taken over its use as an adjunct to the settlement work1 carried on by ,friends at 8,noble ,house40 ,jewish4 ,rosh ,hashana1 or the ,jewish ,new ,year's ,day1 is the oldest festival celebrated in the civilized world1 #aiag will usher in the year #efgh2 it commences the great series of fall holidays3 ten days later is 8,yom ,kippur10 the ,day of ,atonement1 most sacred of the year1 when the ,jews fast from sunset to sunset and attend the synagogues1 and a week later 8,succoth10 corresponding to our ,thanksgiving ,day1 which lasts a week4 ,the principal synagogues are ,,adath-,,jeshurun1 ,broad ,street above ,diamond1 ,egyptian2 limestone and brick2 architects1 ,churchman1 ,thomas ,molitar1 has leaded glass windows by ,nicolo ,d',ascenzo4 ,,keneseth ,,israel1 ,broad ,street above ,columbia ,avenue1 ,italian ,renaissance1 brick with limestone trimmings2 architect1 ,hickman4 ,,mikveh ,,israel1 ,broad and ,york ,streets1 organized1 #agdg2 moved from ,seventh ,street near ,arch2 ,french ,renaissance1 limestone2 architects1 ,pitcher ,tachau4 ,,rodeph ,,shalom1 southeast corner of ,broad and ,mt4 ,vernon ,streets1 ,moorish1 sandstone2 built1 #ahfi2 architects1 ,furness ,evans2 has leaded glass windows by ,nicolo ,d',ascenzo4 ,lutheran4 ,the ,,theological ,,seminary of ,philadelphia1 #gcja ,germantown ,avenue1 was founded in #ahfd2 removed to present location1 #ahhi2 site1 residence of ,chief ,justice ,allen2 afterwards a military school of some distinction1 8,mount ,airy ,college40 ,the administration building was erected by ,james ,gowen for a residence in #ahdh1 and adapted to the wants of the ,seminary2 on the grounds are twelve buildings1 including ,krauth ,memorial ,library1 perpendicular ,gothic1 stone1 built1 #aijh2 contains portraits2 the ,refectory1 once residence of the ,miller family1 built1 #agib1 colonial2 and the ,ashmead-,schaeffer ,memorial ,chapel1 ,gothic1 stone4 ,,st4 ,,michael',s1 ,germantown ,avenue and ,phil-,ellena ,street1 first church1 built1 #agcj2 ,british soldiers took refuge in the church and demolished the organ during the ,battle of ,germantown2 corner-stone of present church laid1 #ahif4 ,,old ,,st4 ,,johns1 ,race ,street between ,fifth and ,sixth1 first ,english ,lutheran ,church in ,america1 colonial1 brick2 congregation organized in #ahjf1 largely through efforts of ,general ,peter ,muhlenberg2 contains a fine oil portrait by ,john ,neagle1 painted in #ahec1 of ,dr4 ,philip ,f4 ,mayer1 first pastor #ahjf-eh2 and woodcarvings in front of the gallery by ,william ,rush4 ,,zion 7,german71 ,franklin ,street above ,race1 ,romanesque1 brownstone1 built1 #ahgj1 moved from southeast corner of ,fourth and ,cherry1 founded #agff2 a memorial service was held here for ,washington in #agii1 by ,general ,charles ,lee4 ,,the ,,mary ,j4 ,,drexel ,,home ,,and ,,philadelphia ,,motherhouse ,,of ,,deaconesses1 ,twenty-first ,street and ,south ,college ,avenue1 modified ,gothic with numerous towers1 brick trimmed with sandstone1 built1 #ahhh2 provides a training school for ,deaconesses of the ,lutheran ,church2 home for the aged and a children's hospital2 a ,gothic chapel on the second floor1 has altar cloths from ,neuendettelsau1 ,bavaria2 and stained glass by ,meyer1 ,munich2 portraits of the ,lankenau and ,drexel families are here1 and an ,italian marble bust of ,mr4 ,lankenau by ,moses ,ezekiel of ,rome4 ,methodist4 ,,saint ,,george',s1 #bbi ,north ,fourth ,street1 oldest ,methodist church in the world1 used continuously for worship2 dedicated1 #agfi2 ,bishop ,francis ,asbury preached his first sermon in ,america here2 three memorial tablets mark the front3 to ,john ,dickens1 founder of the ,methodist ,book ,concern1 buried rear of the church1 in #agih2 to ,ezekiel ,cooper1 his successor1 buried in front1 and one commemorating the first ,methodist ,conference in ,america1 held in this church ,july #ad1 #aggc4 ,,calvary1 ,forty-eighth ,street and ,baltimore ,avenue1 ,gothic1 stone1 has mural painting1 8,sermon on the ,mount10 by ,h4 ,hanley ,parker1 and two ,tiffany windows4 ,other ,methodist ,episcopal churches with good architecture are1 ,,arch ,,street1 ,broad and ,arch ,streets1 ,gothic1 white marble1 and ,,grace1 ,broad and ,master ,streets1 ,renaissance4 ,presbyterian4 ,,first ,,church1 ,seventh and ,locust ,streets1 facing ,washington ,square2 oldest ,presbyterian ,church in ,philadelphia1 founded1 #afii2 present building erected1 #ahbj1 classic1 brick1 rough cast2 with ,ionic porch2 architect1 ,theophilus ,p4 ,chandler3 contains ,paxton memorial window by ,frederick ,wilson1 interesting old tablets1 and a copy of ,calvin's 8,institutes40 ,,second ,,church1 ,twenty-first and ,walnut ,streets1 ,french ,gothic1 with early ,english detail2 erected1 #ahgb2 architect1 ,henry ,sims2 ,richmond granite is used in the base1 the walls are of ,trenton stone1 ,cleveland sandstone for tracery of windows and moulding of doors1 with red sandstone1 blue sandstone1 and green serpentine for special parts1 in contrasts of color and decorative effects3 interior is faced with buff-colored brick imported from ,raubon1 ,wales3 the richly ornamented pulpit is of ,caen stone4 ,windows1 a double one1 by ,john ,la,farge2 seven representing old ,testament subjects1 by ,tiffany2 and five apse windows from ,england4 ,,scotts1 ,broad ,street below ,morris1 founded1 #agff3 third oldest organization in the ,philadelphia ,presbytery2 is still under its original charter2 original church was at ,fourth and ,bainbridge ,streets1 later on at ,spruce ,street above ,third2 ,louis ,philippe lived in the parsonage during his residence in ,philadelphia in #agif2 ,john ,purdon1 father of ,purdon's ,digest1 was its first elder2 ,president ,john ,adams attended the church4 ,,old ,,pine ,,street ,,church1 ,fourth and ,pine ,streets1 classic1 brick1 rough-cast1 with ,corinthian porch2 erected1 #aheg1 one of the walls being that of the original church built in #agfh2 the first pastor1 ,george ,duffield1 was chaplain of all the ,pennsylvania militia1 and also served as chaplain of the ,first ,continental ,congress after ,jacob ,duch2 he was with ,washington during the retreat through ,new ,jersey2 was in the battles of ,princeton and ,trenton1 and the ,british offered a price of #ej pounds sterling for his head2 he is buried under the central aisle of the lecture room1 and his portrait is in ,independence ,hall3 ,john ,adams1 when ,president1 was a communicant here2 when the ,british occupied the city1 they used this church as a hospital2 pews and other woodwork were burned as fuel1 and later the church was used by the dragoons to stable their horses4 ,,holland ,,memorial1 ,broad and ,federal ,streets1 ,romanesque2 buff ,massillon stone1 with red sandstone trimmings1 from the ,ballaclunyle quarries of ,scotland2 architect1 ,david ,s4 ,grendell2 windows by ,tiffany1 in the south arcade1 are from originals by ,frederick ,wilson2 other windows are by ,alfred ,godwin and ,maitland ,armstrong2 there are four large rose windows1 in one1 the patriarch ,joshua stands in the center1 clad in full armor2 color scheme is based upon the rose window of ,saint ,chapelle1 ,paris2 makers1 ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet3 under each window is a group of five arcade windows1 some of them copies from originals of ,sir ,edwin ,burne-,jones1 for windows in ,brighton and ,salisbury ,cathedrals4 ,,tabernacle1 ,thirty-seventh and ,chestnut ,streets1 is one of the finest ,gothic church edifices in ,philadelphia1 in decorative ,english style1 with tower #acj feet high1 erected1 #ahhf2 granite1 with ,indiana limestone for tracery of windows and doors2 no wood being used in its construction1 it thus resembles the cathedrals of the old world2 chapel is connected with the manse by a cloistered porch4 ,,west ,,arch ,,street1 ,eighteenth and ,arch ,streets1 ,roman classic1 with dome #agj feet above the ground1 stone1 plastered2 has fine ,corinthian porch4 ,,market ,,square1 ,germantown1 founded1 #agch3 ,president ,washington worshiped here1 while living opposite in the old ,morris house1 during the yellow fever epidemic in ,philadelphia in #agic2 during the battle of ,germantown1 a battalion of ,virginians1 prisoners of the ,english1 were lodged in this church2 the old bell1 cast1 #agbe1 which was in the shingle roof steeple of the old church1 is still intact1 and preserved as a relic2 also the 8,trumpet angels in their gold array10 part of the original organ from ,holland3 present building1 ,french ,gothic1 stone1 was erected in #ahhf4 ,the ,,witherspoon ,,building1 ,walnut ,street below ,broad1 has sculpture by ,a4 ,stirling ,calder and ,samuel ,murray4 ,protestant ,episcopal4 ,,st4 ,,alban',s1 ,olney1 consecrated1 #aiae2 decorated ,french ,gothic2 buttresses run up to above the cornice line1 ending in gables with crockets and finials2 there is a belfry tower and porch2 interior lines are very beautiful2 the high arches and lofty piers give an impression of great dignity and simplicity1 well adapted for rendering the services1 with all the accompaniment of advanced churchmanship2 architect1 ,george ,t4 ,pearson4 ,,christ ,,church1 ,second ,street north of ,market2 first ,protestant ,episcopal ,church in the province2 hours of service1 ,september to ,july1 ,sundays #aj4jj ,a4,m41 #aa4jj ,a4,m41 #c4cj ,p4,m41 open daily #i4jj ,a4,m4 to #c4jj ,p4,m42 founded in #afie1 under a provision in the original charter of ,king ,charles ,,ii to ,william ,penn4 ,john ,penn1 last male member of this line1 is buried near the steps of the pulpit4 ,present building1 ,georgian1 erected #agdg2 ,dr4 ,john ,kearsley1 ,building ,director2 the old roof1 its wooden balustrade with carved spindles1 and the steeple are ever of interest to architects and antiquarians4 ,here the colonial governors had their state pew1 marked by coat of arms1 bearing the monogram of ,william and ,mary2 the parish was subsidized by ,king ,william ,,iii1 ,william of ,orange2 ,communion silver presented in #agji by ,queen ,anne2 baptismal font dates from #afie1 and was used for the baptism of ,bishop ,white in infancy4 ,the chime of bells pealed forth the ,declaration of ,independence1 in response to the ,liberty ,bell1 ,july #h1 #aggf2 they were made in ,england1 and came over in the same ship with the ,liberty ,bell1 were taken to ,allentown with the ,liberty ,bell1 and subsequently rehung2 are referred to by ,longfellow in 8,evangeline40 ,george and ,martha ,washington regularly occupied pew #eh from #agij-ig2 it was also the official pew of ,john ,adams while ,president1 and was used by ,lafayette in #ahbd2 ,franklin had pew #gj1 still used by his descendants2 ,robert ,morris' pew was #eb2 ,francis ,hopkinson's1 #fe4 ,general ,charles ,lee1 of the ,continental ,army1 is interred beside the southwest door1 and near by is ,general ,hugh ,mercer2 ,rt4 ,rev4 ,william ,white1 ,d4,d41 first ,bishop of ,pennsylvania and long ,presiding ,bishop of the ,united ,states1 is interred before the chancel rail1 and his ,episcopal chair is beside the altar4 ,the church was organized2 its constitution framed2 and the amended ,prayer ,book adopted in this church1 in #aghe2 ,bishop ,white and ,provost ,william ,smith1 ,d4,d41 were the ,committee for revising and altering the liturgy of the ,english ,prayer ,book1 for use in ,america4 ,rev4 ,jacob ,duch was rector for many years4 ,windows illustrate the history of the ,christian ,church2 made by ,heaton1 ,butler and ,bains4 ,,st4 ,,clement',s1 ,twentieth and ,cherry ,streets1 ,norman ,gothic1 brownstone1 built1 #aheg2 architect1 ,john ,notman2 new roof of nave1 apse1 and high altar2 choir and lady chapel2 architect1 ,horace ,wells ,sellers2 the sanctuary is beautifully designed1 with effect heightened by a magnificent reredos2 artist1 ,frederick ,wilson of ,briarcliff1 ,new ,york1 leaded glass of apse1 and lady chapel1 by ,alfred ,godwin1 ,illustration3 ,,bishop ,,william ,,white ,painted by ,gilbert ,stuart ,courtesy of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts ,philadelphia4 ,,st4 ,,elizabeth',s1 corner of ,sixteenth and ,mifflin ,streets1 early ,italian1 with high ,campanile2 medieval exterior and interior give an exact idea of old ,italian churches2 brick2 architects1 ,bailey and ,bassett2 the choir is raised eight steps from the nave1 giving view of the crypt1 and dignified elevation of the high altar2 over the altar is a copy of ,correggio's 8,marriage of ,st4 ,catharine02 fine jeweled door of the ,pyx on the altar2 ,lady chapel has an altar of richly carved and gilded wood1 finished with a high reredos1 copy of an original in ,santo ,spirito1 ,florence2 paintings set in are copies of works by ,fra ,filipo ,lippi4 ,,church ,,of ,,the ,,evangelist1 now part of ,graphic ,sketch ,club1 ,catharine ,street above ,seventh1 brick1 is a gem of medievalism2 ,italian ,basilican style2 red brick1 relieved by stone trimmings2 pillars of portico rest on backs of lions2 architects1 ,furness ,evans2 frescoes by ,nicolo d',ascenzo and by ,robert ,henri2 original compositions and adaptations of great paintings in ,italy2 font1 late ,english ,gothic1 with a richly carved stone2 above it is the ,strasbourg window1 containing a figure of the prophet1 ,jonas2 this piece of glass1 before the ,franco-,prussian ,war1 was in the ,cathedral of ,strasbourg1 and was taken from one of the windows after the ,germans had directed their fire on the church and smashed the glass3 paving of the ,chapel of the ,holy ,sepulchre is of ,mercer tiles2 ,rood screen of polished marble1 is modeled after that at ,st4 ,marco1 ,venice2 ,altar rail modeled after that in a chapel at ,monreale1 ,sicily2 the reredos1 of the high altar1 is a copy of a famous altar-piece by ,carlo ,crivelli2 original now in the ,national ,gallery1 ,london4 ,,gloria ,,dei 7,old ,swedes'71 on land given by ,swan ,swanson1 corner of ,front and ,swanson ,streets1 near ,christian ,street2 formerly ,wecacoa 7,indian name for pleasant place72 was dedicated in #agjj4 ,georgian architecture1 with steep pitched roof2 brick work of walls1 ,flemish bond1 headers coated with vitreous1 blue black glaze1 doubtless the arch bricks in the kiln2 great square windows4 ,erected by the ,swedish ,lutherans2 after the ,revolution1 care of the ,swedish churches was committed to the ,american ,church1 and became part of the ,diocese of ,pennsylvania4 ,this congregation first worshiped in a block house1 used also as a fortress from #afgg2 the font used then is still in the present church4 ,,holy ,,trinity1 ,nineteenth and ,walnut ,streets2 ,norman ,romanesque2 architect1 ,john ,notman2 has fine memorial windows4 ,,st4 ,,james1 ,twenty-second and ,walnut ,streets1 founded1 #ahjg2 present building1 ,english decorated ,gothic with sculptured band around the tower1 from which rises the graceful memorial spire2 ,ohio green sandstone and granite1 built1 #ahgj2 architect1 ,g4 ,w4 ,hewitt3 pulpit2 altar2 reredos of fine perpendicular work in ,caen stone1 rich in ornamentation and sculpture1 which also extends around the chancel1 with two marble pilasters having delicately carved capitals2 all designed by ,cram1 ,goodhue and ,ferguson2 mosaics of the twelve apostles1 in the walls of the nave1 suggest those of the ,popes in the ,church of ,st4 ,paul1 outside the walls1 in ,rome2 leaded glass by ,nicolo d',ascenzo2 font has a bas-relief in white marble1 angel scattering flowers1 made in ,florence1 ,italy4 ,,st4 ,,james ,,the ,,less1 near main entrance to ,laurel ,hill ,cemetery2 thirteenth century ,gothic2 brownstone2 once said to be the choicest specimen of church architecture in the ,united ,states4 ,,st4 ,,john ,,chrysostom1 corner ,twenty-eighth ,street and ,susquehanna ,avenue1 almost an exact copy of ,st4 ,stephen's ,church1 ,london1 designed by ,sir ,christopher ,wren2 ,renaissance1 granite2 architects1 ,bailey ,bassett2 adapted to a square lot1 the interior shows form of ,greek cross1 with inner octagon2 rosettes and decorations of the dome are graceful and beautiful2 columns1 placed on rather high pedestals1 are ,vermont marble1 with very beautiful veining1 surmounted by ,corinthian capitals3 the church is almost entirely white1 with no stained glass1 and gives an impression of complete harmony4 ,,st4 ,,mark',s1 ,locust ,street above ,sixteenth1 built1 #ahdi2 fine specimen of fourteenth century1 decorated ,gothic1 brownstone2 plans furnished by the ,ecclesiological ,society of ,cambridge1 ,england2 modified by ,john ,notman2 altar and reredos are richly carved stone2 also the pulpit and choir screen2 notable features are the rood beam1 with cross and figures2 carved sanctuary door2 choir and clergy stalls2 the altar at head of north aisle is alabaster4 ,lady chapel1 erected1 #aijj1 contains a silver altar of elaborate magnificence1 probably finest in the world1 of the same style as the one at ,florence1 ,italy1 by ,pallajnoli1 but richer1 containing twelve scenes from the life of the ,virgin1 and studded with precious stones1 some four hundred emeralds1 sapphires1 and opals1 a monumental work1 which will remain a very splendid presentation of twentieth century ,english ecclesiastical art2 altar rail is silver and bronze2 stained glass windows in the church are notable2 the sacred vessels and vestments surpass any in the ,anglican ,communion1 in their extraordinary richness2 silver processional cross is supposed to be that of the ,palermo ,cathedral1 in #aebj2 among old vestments are the coronation robes of ,louis ,,xv from ,rheims ,cathedral1 of light blue velvet1 heavily embroidered with twenty-two karat gold bullion4 ,the first curate was the ,rev4 ,morgan ,dix1 ordained priest in this church1 who became the famous rector of ,trinity ,church1 ,new ,york4 ,,st4 ,,mary',s1 #ciaf ,locust ,street1 on ground given by ,william ,hamilton1 of ,woodlands2 first ,protestant ,episcopal ,church in ,west ,philadelphia1 organized1 #ahbj2 frame church erected1 #ahbd2 ,bishop ,white laid the corner-stone2 present building1 ,gothic1 consecrated1 #ahij4 ,memorial ,gothic altar1 retable1 and reredos are from famous studios in ,rome1 ,italy1 said to be the finest example of ecclesiastical mosaic work in this country3 windows are from ,london1 ,paris1 ,munich1 and ,philadelphia4 ,rev4 ,thomas ,c4 ,yarnall celebrated his fiftieth anniversary as rector of ,st4 ,mary's in #ahid4 ,,st4 ,,paul',s1 east side of ,third ,street1 below ,walnut2 classic2 erected1 #agfa2 third ,protestant ,episcopal ,church in ,philadelphia and largest in the province2 now headquarters of the ,city ,mission4 ,the ,general ,convention met here in #ahad1 when ,bishop ,moore of ,virginia was consecrated2 ,bishop ,hobart preached the sermon4 ,st4 ,paul's ,club1 #daa ,spruce ,street1 makes a specialty of giving aid to the down and out drunkard1 sobering him up1 fitting him for a job1 and getting him one2 in the five years of its existence to #aiag1 it has registered #de1jjj transient visitors and temporary guests on its books4 ,,st4 ,,peter',s1 corner of ,third and ,pine ,streets1 second church erected in ,philadelphia1 fine example of ,georgian architecture1 in beauty of line2 brick2 built1 #agfa2 tower and spire1 #bah feet high1 were added1 #ahdb2 stone finials of gateposts were cut in ,england2 present wall erected in #aghd1 after the old wooden fence had been taken for fuel by the ,british4 ,interior still retains the high-backed box pews1 ,president ,washington's among them1 pew #da2 the pulpit1 surmounting the clerk's desk1 soars upward at the far end1 opposite the altar2 ,provost ,william ,smith preached the consecration sermon2 very beautiful stained glass by ,myeres1 ,london2 remarkable for richness of color and design2 many interesting relics in the church's history are in the sacristy4 ,,church ,,of ,,the ,,saviour1 ,thirty-eighth ,street above ,chestnut1 architect1 ,c4 ,m4 ,burns1 has a splendidly impressive chancel2 decoration by ,edwin ,howland ,blashfield and furnishings are memorial to ,anthony ,j4 ,drexel4 ,memorial window by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet1 8,christ and ,nicodemus10 has strong decorative quality and richness of color4 ,,south ,,memorial1 ,,church ,,of ,,the ,,advocate1 ,eighteenth and ,diamond ,streets1 ,french ,gothic1 suggested by ,amiens ,cathedral2 built1 #ahig2 stone2 architect1 ,charles ,m4 ,burns2 interior profusely adorned with carving1 and sixty-five stained glass windows by ,clayton and ,bell1 ,london4 ,,st4 ,,stephen',s1 ,tenth ,street above ,chestnut2 founded1 #ahbc2 early ,gothic1 with two octagonal towers2 stone2 designed by ,william ,strickland2 contains notable sculpture2 the ,burd ,memorial1 8,angel of the ,resurrection10 finest ,italian marble1 by ,carl ,steinhauser1 native of ,bremen1 who studied in ,rome under ,thorwaldsen2 and recumbent effigy of ,colonel ,burd2 also font by ,steinhauser1 represents three cherubs supporting on their wings a large marble bowl1 with sculpture in relief2 the church1 decorated by ,frank ,furness1 with color1 rich and unusual1 sets off admirably the beauty of the memorial marbles2 the stately reredos1 with its brilliant ,venetian mosaic picture1 8,the ,last ,supper10 was made in #ahhi1 by ,salviati1 ,venice1 from cartoons by ,henry ,holiday1 ,london1 and under his own supervision2 large double window in transept also by ,holiday2 a ,tiffany window is1 8,christ ,among the ,lilies10 the only flower ,he mentions in the ,evangels1 and accepted as symbol of the resurrection2 the window1 showing the angel sitting on the edge of the tomb with partly unfolded wings1 is copy of a picture by ,axel ,ender1 over the altar of a church in ,molde1 ,northern ,norway2 near the reredos is 8,the ,angel of ,purity10 sculptor ,augustus ,saint ,gaudens1 which suggests his 8,amor1 ,caritas10 owned by the ,french ,government1 now in the ,luxembourg2 here is also a bas-relief by ,charles ,grafley of ,dr4 ,david ,d4 ,wood1 organist of ,st4 ,stephen's for forty-six years2 the great organ was built by ,c4 ,t4 ,haskell1 ,philadelphia1 in consultation with ,dr4 ,wood2 pipes were voiced in the church1 resulting in a sweetness and just proportion of tone2 its echo organ1 located about two hundred feet away1 is in the loft over the chancel4 ,parish house is on site of the old graveyard1 tombstones are in pavement of cloister2 architect1 ,george ,c4 ,mason1 ,jr4 ,,trinity1 ,oxford1 ,oxford ,road and ,second ,street ,pike2 colonial2 founded1 #afih4 ,present brick church erected #agaa-ab2 the transepts and tower later2 was the first house of worship in ,pennsylvania1 owned and occupied by the ,quakers1 and presented by them to the ,church of ,england1 for ,episcopal use and worship4 ,chalice and paten sent by ,queen ,anne1 engraved 8,anne ,regina10 #agac2 she died in #agad1 it is probably the last one she sent to ,america1 and has been used in every ,holy ,communion for over two centuries4 ,tiffany altar window1 8,the ,baptism of ,christ40 ,the altar1 of walnut and oak1 is beautifully carved4 ,this is the mother of many flourishing missions1 ,st4 ,luke's1 ,germantown2 ,our ,saviour1 ,jenkintown2 ,st4 ,mark's1 ,frankford2 ,emmanuel1 ,holmesburg2 ,holy ,trinity1 ,rockledge2 and ,trinity ,chapel1 ,crescentville2 today it stands1 vigorous and full of life1 in its old age1 greatly enlarged and carefully restored2 the utmost care has been taken to disturb none of the old walls1 and to keep the historic features intact2 the glass1 in the body of the church1 is an opaque yellow1 harmonizing with the colonial buff of the walls and barrel ceiling4 ,the churchyard is of great interest1 one stone1 dated1 #afhf1 is said to mark the grave of an ,indian4 ,the ,reformed ,church in the ,united ,states1 which brought its beautiful and significant emblem1 8,the lily among thorns10 from the fatherland1 is derived from the ,reformed ,churches of ,switzerland and ,germany2 these churches are largely to be found in the counties east of the ,susquehanna ,river4 ,william ,penn's mother1 ,margaret ,jasper1 was reared in this faith2 noted members who came here were ,michael ,schlatter1 in #agdf1 from ,st4 ,gall1 ,switzerland2 sent to establish an ecclesiastical organization2 he was practically the first superintendent of public instruction in ,pennsylvania2 died1 #agij1 and was buried in the ,reformed graveyard in ,philadelphia1 now ,franklin ,square2 ,colonel ,henry ,bouquet1 from ,switzerland1 proved the saviour of the early settlers in ,pontiac's war and obtained the restoration of all captives to their homes2 three hundred and seventy were brought back2 and ,baron von ,steuben1 who had served on the staff of ,frederick the ,great at the siege of ,prague1 drilled our men into efficiency to cope with the ,british regulars2 later he commanded at the ,siege of ,yorktown1 which he pressed so vigorously that ,cornwallis was obliged to surrender4 ,zion ,reformed ,church at ,allentown sheltered our ,liberty ,bell and the ,christ ,church bells during the ,revolution2 among their thirty churches in ,philadelphia and vicinity1 of ,gothic architecture1 stone1 are the ,,first ,,church1 ,fiftieth and ,locust ,streets2 oldest of this denomination in ,philadelphia2 moved from ,tenth and ,wallace ,streets2 ,,palatinate1 ,fifty-sixth ,street and ,girard ,avenue2 ,,st4 ,,john',s1 ,fortieth and ,spring ,garden ,streets2 and ,,trinity1 northeast corner of ,broad and ,venango ,streets4 ,there are also five churches of the ,dutch ,reformed4 ,roman ,catholic4 ,the churches of this denomination are all notable for good architecture1 interior sumptuous1 ecclesiastical decoration4 ,,cathedral ,,of ,,ss4 ,,peter ,,and ,,paul1 finely situated on ,logan ,square and the ,parkway2 ,classic ,renaissance1 brownstone2 built #ahdf-fd2 architect1 ,napoleon ,le,brun2 8,the ,crucifixion10 back of the high altar1 genuine fresco painting1 is by ,constantine ,brumidi1 who1 about the same time1 executed important decorations1 in the same medium1 in the dome of the ,capitol at ,washington2 on entering the church1 in chapels on both sides of the door1 are mural decorations by ,henry ,j4 ,thouron1 said1 by high authority1 to be the best mural paintings in the ,united ,states2 the first was placed in #aiaa as a fitting background for a statue of the ,virgin and ,child by ,louis ,madrazzi1 which ,mr4 ,thouron brought from ,paris as a gift to the ,cathedral2 in the north transept is a painting1 8,the ,dead ,christ10 attributed to ,titian2 a work of art of exceptional merit is a large ivory crucifix1 the master work of ,carlo ,pazenti1 an ,augustinian lay brother1 about #ahdj2 acquired for the church1 with much difficulty1 by the venerable ,john ,n4 ,neumann1 fourth ,bishop of ,philadelphia2 when1 during the ,civil ,war1 the ,sanitary ,fair was being held in ,logan ,square1 ,archbishop ,wood1 then ,bishop ,wood1 exhibited this beautiful work daily1 for the benefit of the great cause2 it was returned each evening to its place in the ,cathedral4 ,,st4 ,,john ,,the ,,evangelist1 ,thirteenth ,street above ,chestnut1 for a short time the cathedral2 early ,english1 ,gothic2 interior1 perpendicular ,gothic2 cornerstone laid by ,bishop ,kenrick1 third ,bishop of ,philadelphia2 church opened ,april #h1 #ahcb3 a flagellation of ,christ1 much darkened1 by ,garacci1 was presented to the church by ,joseph ,bonaparte soon after its completion3 ,mozart's 8,requiem ,mass0 was rendered1 for the first time in ,america1 at ,st4 ,john's ,church1 and the music there today1 is said to be the best church music in ,philadelphia4 ,,st4 ,,patrick',s1 ,twentieth ,street below ,locust1 originated in a frame church in #ahci1 on east side of ,nineteenth ,street near ,spruce2 the seventy-fifth anniversary was celebrated in #aiaf1 was attended by many notable dignitaries of the church4 ,windows by d',ascenzo4 ,,st4 ,,francis ,,de ,,sales1 ,forty-seventh ,street and ,springfield ,avenue1 ,romanesque1 with ,byzantine details2 built1 #aijg-aj2 architect1 ,henry ,d4 ,dagit1 ,philadelphia2 the leaded glass is particularly beautiful2 windows are of the antique school and extremely rich in color1 including four rose windows1 designed and made by ,nicolo d',ascenzo1 ,philadelphia4 ,four old historic churches rather near together1 ,,st4 ,,joseph',s1 on ,willing's ,alley1 south of ,walnut1 below ,fourth ,street2 built on site of first ,roman ,catholic ,church in ,pennsylvania1 established by a member of the 8,society of ,jesus0 from ,maryland1 in #agca2 ,,st4 ,,mary',s1 ,fourth ,street1 above ,spruce2 ,,st4 ,,augustine',s1 ,fourth ,street1 above ,race2 and ,,holy ,,trinity1 northwest corner of ,sixth and ,spruce ,streets1 had their origin in the eighteenth century1 the first two long before the ,revolution4 ,st4 ,augustine's is on site of a building erected in #ahja1 by the hermits of the ,order of ,st4 ,augustine2 it had ,william ,rush's wooden sculpture 8,the ,crucifixion10 but this was burned in #ahdg4 ,holy ,trinity1 ,german1 is of somewhat earlier date2 the wayfarer who now looks in on any of them may readily picture them as they were over one hundred years ago4 ,in ,st4 ,mary's ,church is a very fine pieta by ,boucher1 a modern ,french sculptor4 ,swedenborgian1 or ,the ,new ,church1 grew out of the teachings of ,emmanuel ,swedenborg1 scholar1 traveler1 scientist1 and religious writer1 born in ,stockholm1 ,sweden1 in #afhh4 ,a school of the ,new ,church was started in ,philadelphia in #ahed4 ,,first 8,,new ,,jerusalem0 ,,church1 ,twenty-second and ,chestnut ,streets1 ,gothic1 brownstone1 was built in #ahhd2 architect1 ,theophilus ,p4 ,chandler4 ,connected with it is a free library and reading room4 ,unitarian4 ,,first ,,church1 ,chestnut ,street near ,twenty-second1 built1 #ahhe2 was organized1 #agif1 in a room of the ,university of ,pennsylvania2 in #agig ,dr4 ,joseph ,priestly delivered an address to this ,society1 and enrolled himself among the members4 ,william ,henry ,furness was ordained pastor in #ahbe1 in the church at the corner of ,tenth and ,locust ,streets2 present church contains some interesting memorials1 ,dr4 ,furness1 bust by ,m4 ,launt ,thompson1 ,new ,york2 circular window to ,dr4 ,priestly by ,john ,la,farge2 other windows are ,english2 and some are by ,tiffany1 ,new ,york4 ,,girard ,,avenue ,,unitarian1 ,girard ,avenue above ,fifteenth ,street1 organized by the ,rev4 ,charles ,g4 ,ames1 in the late seventies2 ,gothic1 granite4 ,,germantown ,,unitarian1 corner of ,chelten ,avenue and ,greene ,street1 built1 #ahff2 ,gothic2 architect1 ,frank ,furness2 has good stained glass windows1 made by ,heaton1 ,butler and ,bayne1 ,london4 ,rev4 ,samuel ,longfellow1 brother of the poet1 was pastor for some years2 also the ,rev4 ,charles ,g4 ,ames4 ,,fairmount ,,park ,on east and west banks of the ,schuylkill ,river1 and ,wissahickon ,creek2 second largest municipal park in the world1 #ceig acres2 its only superior in acreage being ,blue ,hills ,park1 ,boston1 with #dijf acres4 ,the ravines1 8unkempt and wild10 all have springs of clear1 cold water4 ,main entrance at ,green ,street is also approach to the proposed ,,philadelphia ,,museum ,,of ,,art1 on a raised terrace1 like a ,greek ,temple1 facing the ,parkway2 ,horace ,trumbauer1 ,c4 ,c4 ,zantzinger1 and ,charles ,l4 ,borie1 ,jr41 architects2 part of the plan for development of ,philadelphia within a radius of thirty miles3 here also is the 8,washington ,monument10 sculptor1 ,professor ,siemering of ,berlin1 erected by the 8,society of the ,cincinnati40 ,continue drive1 to the ,schuylkill ,river1 proposed ,ericsson ,memorial1 ,paul ,b4 ,cret1 architect1 was commissioned to prepare a design for development of the entire basin1 from boat houses to ,spring ,garden ,street1 including the ,,aquarium1 formed1 #aiaa1 using the classic marble buildings of the old waterworks2 it is said to be the best equipped in the world2 walls of exhibition tanks are covered with calcareous tufa1 rock shell formation from the ,ohio ,river ,valley1 full of holes1 in which deep water vegetation is planted to suggest sea bottom2 ,arctic and tropical life have their own temperatures2 also hatching rooms4 ,this tract and ,rocky ,hill1 of the old waterworks1 five acres1 between ,green and ,callowhill ,streets1 was named by ,william ,penn1 ,,fair ,,mount2 it was used as the terminal pillar of the ,british redoubts1 stretching across the city from the ,schuylkill to the ,delaware1 in #aggg-gh4 ,acquired by the city in #ahab as site for the city waterworks1 moved from ,centre ,square1 for park purposes4 ,this was the beginning of ,fairmount ,park2 to beautify the grounds1 walks were laid out up to the reservoir1 and the rock decorated with sculpture1 chiefly woodcarving1 by ,william ,rush1 including the groups1 8,the ,schuylkill in an ,improved ,state10 and 8,the ,schuylkill in ,chains10 which are still over the entrances to the wheel houses2 8,justice0 and 8,wisdom10 full-length statues1 carved for decoration of the triumphal arch in front of the ,state ,house at ,lafayette's reception in #ahbd1 are now in the hatching room2 and 8,leda and the ,swan10 modeled in #ahab from ,miss ,vanuxen1 a ,philadelphia belle1 a bronze reproduction is here now4 ,boat houses are of decorative construction4 ,,the ,,schuylkill ,,navy1 said to be the most complete association devoted to rowing in the world1 is the center for test trials of skill and endurance1 of national interest2 it is known as the ,american ,henley2 the course above ,columbia ,avenue bridge is ideal for oarsmen1 and the banks rise like seats of an auditorium4 ,on the main drive from the ,aquarium are the ,,lincoln ,,monument1 bronze1 sculptor1 ,randolph ,rogers1 made in ,rome1 cast in ,munich2 ,iron ,spring1 and a bronze group1 8,lioness ,carrying to ,her ,young a ,wild ,boar10 sculptor1 ,august ,cain2 near ,brown ,street entrance is bronze group1 8,silenus and the ,infant ,bacchus02 original in the ,louvre1 credited to ,praxiteles2 and the bronze group1 8,the ,wrestlers10 from original antique in the ,royal ,gallery1 ,florence2 both reproduced by ,barbedienne1 ,paris4 ,,lemon ,,hill ,,mansion1 built by ,henry ,pratt about #ahjj1 near site of favorite home of ,robert ,morris4 8,the ,hills10 planned by ,major ,l',enfant1 built1 #aggc2 the property was bought by the city in #ahdd1 and dedicated1 in #ahee1 as a ,public ,park4 ,northwest on main drive is ,,grant',s ,,cabin1 headquarters of ,general ,u4 ,s4 ,grant in siege of ,richmond1 #ahfd-fe1 brought to the ,park from ,city ,point1 ,virginia1 at close of ,civil ,war2 opposite is ,,sedgeley ,,guard ,,house1 formerly the porter's lodge of the ,sedgeley ,park ,estate1 site of a ,gothic mansion1 built1 #ahjj1 by ,william ,crammond2 acquired for the ,park by public-spirited citizens2 on same drive1 near east end of ,girard ,avenue bridge1 is the replica bronze equestrian statue of 8,,jeanne ,d',,arc10 sculptor1 ,fremiet1 ,paris2 among the best examples of modern ,french equestrian sculpture4 ,the original is in 8,la ,place des ,pyramids10 ,paris4 ,,river ,,drive near boat houses1 8,tam ,o',shanter10 four figures1 red sandstone1 sculptor1 ,thom2 from the last boat house1 or the ,beacon ,light1 to ,girard ,avenue bridge will be the ,,ellen ,,phillips ,,samuel ,,memorial1 for which she left #ejj1jjj in #aiac2 ,fairmount ,park ,art ,association1 legatee2 8,on top of stone bulkhead ,i will have erected1 #ajj feet apart1 on high granite pedestals1 uniform in size and style1 the ,history of ,america1 symbolized in a system of statuary02 model made by ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler4 ,near are the heroic bronze bust of ,james ,a4 ,garfield1 with allegorical figure1 sculptor1 ,augustus ,saint ,gaudens2 the colossal bronze equestrian group1 8,lion ,fighter10 on natural jutting rock1 sculptor1 ,professor ,albert ,wolff1 cast1 #ahic2 and scattered along1 five bronzed iron fountains1 replicas of those at ,rond ,point1 ,champs ,elysees1 cast in ,paris at foundry of ,val ,d',osne4 ,north of tunnel1 above ,girard ,avenue bridge1 on ,river ,drive1 bronze equestrian statue1 8,cowboy10 sculptor1 ,frederick ,remington2 a band of cowboys and ,indians participated in the unveiling2 ,river and ,fountain ,green ,drive1 heroic bronze equestrian statue1 8,general ,u4 ,s4 ,grant02 sculptors1 ,daniel ,chester ,french for ,grant1 ,edward ,c4 ,potter for horse1 modeled from the nineteen-year-old gelding1 8,general ,grant10 sired by an ,arabian stallion 7,leopold71 presented to the ,general in #ahgh by the ,sultan of ,turkey2 cast by ,bureau ,bros41 ,philadelphia1 mounted on ,jonesboro granite pedestal1 designed by ,frank ,miles ,day and ,brother4 ,columbia ,avenue entrance1 fountain of 8,orestes and ,pylades10 bronze group1 on ,richmond granite pedestal1 with bronze masks2 sculptor1 ,carl ,steinhauser1 ,calsruhe1 ,germany2 cast in ,philadelphia2 near is the ,children's ,playground building1 erected by ,richard and ,sarah ,smith in #ahih2 and a park mansion1 ,,mt4 ,,pleasant1 land bought from ,phineas ,bond by ,john ,mac,pherson1 who built the house in #agfa1 after style of a house in ,scotland owned by the chief of his clan1 the ,mac,phersons of ,clunie2 in #aggi1 purchased by ,benedict ,arnold2 on his conviction for treason1 it was confiscated by the state2 in #agha-hb ,baron von ,steuben occupied it1 and here wrote the army regulations which created the ,american ,army2 in #ahfh it became property of the city1 and was added to ,fairmount ,park4 ,,rockland comes next1 on west side of ,dairy ,ball ,field1 occupied #agej-fe by ,john ,lawrence1 a notable mayor of ,philadelphia2 near ,rockland is ,,ormiston1 colonial1 owned by ,edward ,burd1 prothonotary1 ,supreme ,court of ,pennsylvania1 named for ,scotch home of ,mrs4 ,burd1 daughter of ,lord ,haliburton of ,ormiston1 who founded the ,burd ,orphan ,asylum2 near ,dauphin ,street entrance1 ,grand ,fountain1 bronze and iron1 and park trolley station4 ,northwest is ,,woodford mansion2 ground deeded by ,penn to ,dennis ,rockford in #afic2 house built1 #agdb1 by ,william ,coleman1 an original member of the ,junto ,club2 friend of ,franklin and ,judge of the ,supreme ,court of ,pennsylvania1 colonial1 brick2 original oak floor is still in fine state of preservation2 boards doweled together2 laths are hand-cut1 and handwork on cornices and wainscoting most beautiful2 fireplace and mantel in main room are worthy of attention1 although now marred by paint2 later it became the home of the ,franks family2 ,,edgeley ball field1 site of residence built by ,philip ,syng ,physick1 #ahbh-cf1 ,professor of ,surgery at ,university of ,pennsylvania and first ,american to be elected member of the ,royal ,academy of ,france2 the ,,randolph ,,mansion is west of ,edgeley2 interesting colonial house with beautiful handwork in cornices4 ,,strawberry ,,mansion1 near ,dauphin ,street entrance2 residence of ,william ,lewis2 then called ,summerville1 now used as a restaurant2 name was given when added to the park2 fine colonial architecture2 main hall shows still how beautiful it must have been1 with exquisite handwork on cornices1 wainscoting1 and niches in the hall ornamented with hand tracery4 ,along the river drive we pass other country seats known as ,harleigh1 ,fairy ,hill1 and the ,laurels1 now ,south1 ,central1 and ,north ,laurel ,hill4 ,near the ,falls on east side of ,ridge ,road1 stood the home of ,governor ,thomas ,mifflin1 the fighting ,quaker2 from the ,falls bridge a fine view is obtained of the ,schuylkill ,navy's race course4 ,farther up is the ,,wissahickon ,creek1 ,wisamickan 7,catfish ,creek71 or ,wisaucksickan 7yellow colored stream72 we enter the deep recesses of this ravine1 where the waters empty into the ,schuylkill ,river2 tradition says that on the northwest bank stood a flour mill2 in ,revolutionary times the owner ground glass or plaster1 with the wheat1 for the patriot army1 for this crime some of ,washington's soldiers hanged him on a tree in front of his mill2 here ,general ,armstrong's corps attacked the ,hessian and ,british soldiers1 ,october #d1 #aggg1 while the ,battle of ,germantown was in progress3 up the ,wissahickon drive is ,maple ,spring ,hotel1 decorated by grotesque figures of animals and birds1 carved out of native laurel2 beyond this1 across the stream1 are abrupt bluffs1 from one1 the most prominent1 called ,lover's ,leap1 tradition says1 a young ,indian and the girl whom he loved1 being forbidden to marry1 plunged into the waters below and were drowned2 a steep grade leads to the six-mile stone2 here ,paper ,mill ,run empties into the ,wissahickon1 and here ,nicholas ,rittenhouse had his grist mill2 just beyond1 close beside an old bridge1 is a quaint old house1 inside is a stone tablet marked 8,c4 ,w4 ,r4 #agjg10 here ,,david ,,rittenhouse1 the famous astronomer1 was born2 on ,paper ,mill ,run1 the first paper mill in this country was erected1 about #afij1 by ,william ,rittenhouse3 a portion of this land near ,tulpehocken ,street1 within park limits1 once belonged to the ,queen of ,spain2 farther is the ,blue ,stone ,bridge1 and just beyond is ,lotus ,inn4 ,northward1 the east shore becomes more steep1 to ,mom ,rinker's ,rock1 she is said to have been a witch2 upon the height stands a statue of ,,william ,,penn1 with the single word 8,toleration0 cut on the pedestal2 the statue and land were given to the city1 for park purposes1 by ,hon4 ,john ,welsh1 ex-minister to ,england4 ,one quarter mile farther is ,kitchen ,lane1 and the ,,hermit',s ,,well1 dug by ,johannes ,kelpius1 scholar and mystic1 who came from ,germany with his followers1 forty men1 the number of perfection1 in #afid1 8to the new world1 to see the dawn of the millennium2 the pathway to the ,light ,illumitable1 in the glory of religious liberty in ,pennsylvania02 they were followers of the ,essenes who lived in the solitudes of the ,dead ,sea1 of which ,st4 ,john the ,baptist is said to have been a member2 the ,ridge and ,valley of the ,wissahickon gave them a temple of sacred grandeur2 places there are now known as ,hermit's ,land1 and ,hermit's ,glen2 the piety and humility of ,kelpius made him renowned2 ,john ,rogers of ,connecticut and leaders of other colonies came long distances to consult this great ,magister1 he lived wholly to the service of ,god and his fellow men2 the ,baptistry1 a place in the creek1 is shown where the monks immersed their converts2 after ,kelpius' death1 about #agaj1 his followers built the monastery1 replaced in #ageb by a stone house1 built by ,joseph ,gorgas1 also called the monastery2 ruins still there3 the bones of these faithful men are interred under the floor1 in the chancel of ,st4 ,michael's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,high ,street1 ,germantown2 also some of their original headstones are there3 their books were given1 in #agbh1 to ,christ ,church1 ,philadelphia1 where they may still be seen3 the cult is now found about ,ephrata1 among the ,seventh ,day ,baptists4 ,beyond the monastery1 near ,livezey's ,lane1 are caves1 said to have been the abode of hermits4 ,half a mile farther is ,livezey's mansion1 built1 #afih1 said to have been neutral ground where ,british and ,american officers met during #aggg-gh2 now headquarters of the ,valley ,green ,canoe ,club2 above is ,cresheim ,creek1 a small tributary flowing into the ,wissahickon ,creek1 among great masses of huge rocks1 under tall pines1 making a dark pool1 called the ,devil's ,pool2 said to be bottomless2 scene of an engagement during the ,battle of ,germantown4 ,just beyond is ,valley ,green1 a quaint old wayside inn2 here is a stone bridge with strong buttresses and single arch2 the reflection makes a clear oval2 farther is the first drinking fountain erected in ,philadelphia1 8,pro ,bono ,publico10 placed in #ahed2 white marble2 half a mile beyond1 at east end of ,rex ,avenue ,bridge1 is ,indian ,rock1 summit crowned by heroic statue of ,tedyuscung1 last of ,indian chiefs to leave the shores of the ,delaware4 ,northwest the ravine is deep and the hills steep1 winding toward ,chestnut ,hill4 ,it is proposed by the city to extend ,fairmount ,park1 on both sides of the ,wissahickon1 to ,fort ,washington1 and include ,militia ,hill at ,whitemarsh1 famous in the ,revolution1 making the ,park one thousand acres larger4 ,,west ,,park1 west end of ,girard ,avenue ,bridge1 ,,zo,,logical ,,gardens1 open daily1 including ,sundays2 in front1 bronze group1 8,the ,dying ,lioness02 sculptor1 ,professor ,wilhelm ,wolff1 ,berlin1 cast in ,munich4 ,the inclosure embraces ,,solitude1 a mansion built in #aghe by ,john ,penn1 the poet1 grandson of the founder and cousin of ,john ,penn of ,lansdowne2 was last property owned in ,america by the ,penn family2 notable decorations are in the ground floor room2 ceiling1 fine example of ,french stucco1 ,louis ,,xv period4 ,the ,zological ,gardens were incorporated in #ahei2 oldest incorporated body of its kind in ,america2 on an area of forty-one acres arranged by ,h4 ,schwarzmann in #ahgc1 opened1 #ahgd1 with large and attractive buildings1 in which representative species of living animals are shown2 it is a private organization2 the ,pathological ,laboratory has for its objects1 assistance in the hygienic control of the ,garden2 collection of statistics upon diseases of wild animals2 and research3 many species of water1 and other birds1 are on the large lake1 and inclosures scattered through the ,garden4 ,opposite1 on ,girard ,avenue1 is ,,william ,,penn',s ,,house1 originally in ,letitia ,street1 near ,second and ,market2 first brick house in ,philadelphia1 built1 #afhc1 removed in #ahhc2 ,,landsdowne ,,entrance to the ,park1 under two spacious elliptical arches of the ,pennsylvania ,railroad viaduct1 carrying the railroad across ,girard ,avenue1 is a dignified and handsome structure4 ,near is bronze group1 8,hudson ,bay ,wolves10 sculptor1 ,edward ,kemeys1 cast in ,philadelphia4 ,in #agcb1 8,the ,state in ,schuylkill10 a fishing club1 first social club in ,philadelphia1 leased an acre of land near here1 and built a hut2 annual rental1 three sun perch1 presented on a pewter plate2 they were here for ninety years2 now in ,new ,jersey2 the members espoused the ,revolutionary cause1 and in #aggd formed a ,company1 called 8,the ,light ,horse10 afterwards1 in #aggh1 became the ,first ,city ,troop4 ,on ,lansdowne ,drive is ,,sweet ,,brier ,,mansion1 built by ,samuel ,breck about #ahaj2 colonial1 in the hall is an interesting wrought iron grill2 in front is bronze ,indian group1 ,,the ,,stone ,,age1 sculptor1 ,john ,j4 ,boyle2 cast in ,france4 ,,the ,,smith ,,memorial ,,gate1 to ,pennsylvania men distinguished in the ,civil ,war1 is at entrance to the ,esplanade2 architects1 ,james and ,john ,t4 ,windrim1 erected1 with statuary1 #ahig-aiab2 sculpture all colossal2 equestrian1 ,major ,general ,hancock1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,q4 ,a4 ,ward2 and ,major ,general ,mc,clellan1 sculptor1 ,edward ,c4 ,potter2 statues1 ,major ,general ,meade1 sculptor1 ,daniel ,chester ,french2 ,major ,general ,reynolds1 sculptor1 ,charles ,grafly2 ,richard ,smith1 sculptor1 ,herbert ,adams2 busts1 ,admiral ,porter1 sculptor1 ,charles ,grafly2 ,major ,general ,hartranft1 sculptor1 ,a4 ,stirling ,calder2 ,admiral ,dahlgren1 sculptor1 ,george ,e4 ,bissel2 ,james ,h4 ,windrim1 sculptor1 ,samuel ,murray2 ,major ,general ,s4 ,w4 ,crawford1 sculptor1 ,bessie ,o4 ,potter ,vonnoh2 ,governor ,curtin1 sculptor1 ,moses ,ezekiel2 ,general ,james ,a4 ,beaver1 sculptor1 ,katharine ,m4 ,cohen2 ,john ,b4 ,gest1 sculptor1 ,charles ,grafly2 two eagles and globes1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,massey ,rhind4 ,the ,,john ,,welsh ,,memorial1 ,president of the ,,centennial ,,expositon1 formal ,garden1 with fountain1 on site of ,centennial main building1 ,parkside ,avenue approach to ,memorial ,hall2 8,florentine ,lions10 cast by ,harrison1 ,winans and ,eastwick at ,alexandroffsky1 ,russia1 in #ahdi1 from pair at entrance of ,imperial ,mechanical ,works1 originals at entrance to ,loggia di ,lanzi1 ,florence2 ,,memorial ,,hall1 front terrace1 bronze1 ,spanish cannon1 ,miltiades1 date1 #agdc2 bronze1 ,spanish cannon1 ,semiramis1 date1 #agcg2 bronze1 ,spanish mortar1 date1 #agca1 from fortifications in ,cuba2 carved decorations with ,spanish royal arms of ,philip and ,elizabeth ,farnese2 two bronze groups3 8,winged ,horses10 led by muses of epic and lyric poetry1 ,calliope and ,clio2 sculptor1 ,pilz1 made for ,vienna ,opera ,house1 ,austria2 ,memorial ,hall1 ,german ,renaissance2 architect1 ,hermann ,j4 ,schwarzmann2 contains complete model of the arrangement of the ,centennial buildings1 made to scale by ,john ,baird2 first ,international ,exposition held in ,america2 when our national art was invigorated by competition with masterpieces of other lands1 and now challenges comparison with the best3 also ,pompeian collection of paintings1 illustrative of ,pompeian life2 and bronze face and hands of ,abraham ,lincoln2 casts taken from first replicas1 of original casts from life1 in #ahfj2 sculptor1 ,leonard ,w4 ,volk1 ,chicago2 for collections1 see ,art4 ,north of ,memorial ,hall is heroic bronze equestrian statue1 ,,major ,,general ,,george ,,gordon ,,meade1 sculptor1 ,alexander ,milne ,calder4 ,,horticultural ,,hall1 erected #ahgf1 on site of ,,lansdowne ,,mansion1 built by ,governor ,john ,penn in #aggc2 stone2 ,italian2 in #ahaf1 leased by ,joseph ,bonaparte for two years1 accidentally destroyed by fire in #ahed4 ,in #ahff1 the land was acquired from ,barney family for the park2 ,moorish style1 architect1 ,hermann ,j4 ,schwarzmann1 also responsible for plan of adjacent sunken garden3 no other building for similar purposes in this country can approach it1 in dignity of design3 contains marble statue 8,il ,penseroso10 sculptor1 ,mosier1 acquired1 #ahgd4 ,notable plants housed in this building are a gigantic specimen of ,attalea ,cohiene1 bay oil palm1 from ,central ,america1 possibly most superb palm to be seen under glass anywhere2 ,phnix ,canariensis from the ,canary ,islands2 ,seaforthias from ,australia2 ,howeas from ,lord ,howe's ,island2 ,cocoa palms2 ,ceroxylon1 wax palms1 towering sixty or seventy feet2 giant ,rubber trees2 ,araucarias from ,australia2 ,bamboos from the ,orient2 and lofty ,tree ,ferns from ,new ,zealand unite to produce a wonderfully impressive scene1 not unlike a glorified tropical forest1 emphasized by training creepers up the lofty stems1 growing ferns and orchids in crotches of the limbs1 and by the strange aerial roots which reach down from these clinging plants to seek nourishment in the soil below1 as in the tropical jungle4 ,the ,cactus house is arranged to give something the effect of arid regions1 by planting in sterile soil2 the ,fern houses1 with superb collections of ,tree ,ferns1 and smaller growing ,adiantums1 ,nephrolepis1 ,acrostichums1 recall the effect of mountain ravines4 ,a special house is given to the ,cycads or ,sago palms1 survivals of vegetation of fossil beds1 of which this collection is unique in this country4 ,another tropical house contains the ,bromeliad or pineapple family1 collection unique in many respects4 ,in the gardens1 most striking features are the rare trees1 golden larch1 ,pseudo-,larix2 the ,gordonias1 ,franklinias2 oaks4 ,east front has bronze busts of ,,schubert1 granite pedestal with bronze bas-relief2 8,music10 sculptor1 ,henry ,baerer1 ,new ,york2 ,,hayden1 a trophy won by ,united ,singers of ,philadelphia at the ,national ,saengerfest2 ,,verdi1 on artistic sandstone pedestal1 with carved figure2 8,religious ,liberty10 marble1 sculptor1 ,moses ,ezekiel2 presented by the ,hebrew ,society ,b'nai ,b'rith4 ,a short walk east1 near ,columbia ,avenue bridge1 is said to be ,tom ,moore's cottage2 the poet was a frequent guest both at ,belmont and ,ormiston1 with communication by boat4 ,,the ,,sunken ,,garden1 west1 rearranged to conform to ,moorish ideals of garden approaches1 is now a pool1 about eight hundred feet long1 similar to that before the ,taj ,mahal1 flanked on both sides by spreading ,oriental planes2 beyond this central feature are flower gardens1 following the ,oriental in color arrangement1 making an effect of noble proportions4 ,a bronze ,,sundial shows the variations for each month of the year1 and the time at twelve o'clock in twelve principal cities of the world2 on ,tennessee marble pedestal1 with four supporting female figures1 emblematic of the four seasons2 sculptor1 ,a4 ,sterling ,calder4 ,bronze statues of ,schiller1 made in #ahhf1 granite pedestal with bronze panels in bas-relief representing poetry1 history1 drama2 and of his friend ,goethe1 made in #ahij1 granite pedestal decorated with bronze laurel wreaths4 ,roman ,catholic ,,centennial ,,fountain1 erected by the ,total ,abstinence ,societies1 sculptor1 ,herman ,kern4 ,,japanese ,,temple ,,gate and lotus pond1 near ,belmont ,avenue1 part of ,japanese exhibit in ,st4 ,louis1 in #aijd1 showing best ,japanese work of three hundred years ago2 also on way to ,george's ,hill are1 the ,ohio1 ,english1 and ,rhode ,island ,centennial buildings4 ,,george',s ,,hill1 eighty-three acres1 acquired by bequest to the ,city of ,philadelphia1 in #ahfh1 through the ,fairmount ,park ,commission1 for the health and enjoyment of the people forever4 ,,belmont ,,mansion1 built1 #agdc1 by ,william ,peters1 stone1 on estate of two hundred acres1 approached by avenue of tall hemlocks1 ninety feet high4 ,washington and ,lafayette both planted trees here2 view down the ,schuylkill is like the ,rhine2 ,city ,hall ,tower focuses the eyes in the distance2 ,richard ,peters1 his son1 wit and scholar1 born here1 was made ,judge of the ,united ,states ,district ,court of ,pennsylvania by ,washington2 who was entertained here2 also ,hancock1 the ,adamses1 ,jefferson1 ,steuben1 ,talleyrand1 and ,louis ,philippe4 ,north of ,belmont is ,,ridgeland1 once private residence2 continue northeast near ,park ,trolley ,station1 ,,chamounix mansion1 formerly known as ,mount ,prospect for its fine situation2 built1 #ahjb1 by ,george ,plumstead1 a ,philadelphia merchant4 ,,other ,,squares ,,and ,,parks ,william ,penn1 in his city plan1 laid out five squares4 ,,penn ,,square1 ,broad and ,market ,streets1 site of early waterworks2 now occupied by ,city ,hall2 ,,washington1 ,sixth and ,walnut ,streets2 first ,potter's ,field2 ,,rittenhouse1 ,eighteenth and ,walnut ,streets1 remodeled like a ,french park2 playground for children of city's social center2 ,,lion ,,and ,,serpent1 bronze2 sculptor1 ,barye2 replica of one in the ,garden of the ,tuilleries1 ,paris2 ,,the ,,duck ,,girl1 bronze2 sculptor1 ,paul ,manship2 ,,billy1 sculptor1 ,albert ,laessle4 ,,logan1 on the ,parkway2 ,,swan ,,memorial ,,fountain to be in center1 sculptor1 ,a4 ,sterling ,calder4 ,this was the second ,potter's ,field1 and place of public executions2 site of ,sanitary ,fair1 in #ahfd1 for the ,civil ,war1 visited by ,president and ,mrs4 ,lincoln1 pronounced most brilliant affair ever held in ,america4 ,,franklin1 ,sixth and ,race ,streets1 formerly a burial ground4 ,broad ,street1 running north and south1 is #aac feet wide and #ab miles long from ,league ,island to ,city ,line4 ,,burholme1 near ,fox ,chase1 museum and library given and maintained by provision in will of ,robert ,w4 ,ryerss2 over forty-eight acres2 opened to public in #aiaj4 ,,clark',s1 ,forty-third ,street and ,chester ,avenue1 has artistic bronze group1 ,,dickens ,,and ,,little ,,nell1 made in #ahij2 sculptor1 ,frank ,edwin ,elwell2 awarded gold medals1 ,philadelphia1 #ahia2 ,chicago1 #ahic4 ,,cobb',s ,,creek1 #cch acres1 formed1 #aijd2 follows ,cobb's ,creek on east bank2 chiefly steep1 tree-covered slopes for #ajg acres2 crossing at ,mount ,moriah ,cemetery2 widens1 north of ,market ,street1 into rolling landscape2 has public golf links4 ,,fernhill1 ten acres1 bounded by ,wissahickon ,avenue1 ,roberts ,avenue1 ,schuyler ,street1 and ,abbottsford ,avenue1 ,germantown2 memorial to ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,thomas ,mc,kean1 part of their old homestead1 given by their children to ,park ,commissioners with endowment4 ,,fisher1 twenty acres2 near ,north ,penn branch1 ,reading ,railway2 acquired by gift1 #aiji4 ,,hunting ,,park1 with lake1 eighty-seven acres2 crossing ,northeast ,boulevard at ,nicetown ,lane4 ,,league ,,island and ,united ,states ,navy ,yard2 part of ,southern ,boulevard4 ,,morris1 twenty acres2 extension of ,cobb's ,creek ,park2 beautiful forest1 watered by ,indian ,run ,creek1 acquired by gift1 #aiab4 ,,pennypack1 near mouth of ,pennypack ,creek to ,rhawn ,street1 #ecb acres1 acquired in #aije2 beautiful fertile valley with stream1 widened in places1 with half ruined mill dams and their waterfalls2 quaint masonry bridges1 either in single arch or series of spans4 ,,reynolds1 ,snyder ,avenue and ,seventeenth ,street1 contains memorial to ,general ,john ,f4 ,reynolds1 a hero of ,gettysburg2 granite shaft1 six feet high1 with bronze medallion of ,general ,reynolds2 sculptor1 ,h4 ,k4 ,bush-,brown2 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,duck ,,girl ,from the ,fountain in ,rittenhouse ,square ,paul ,manship1 ,sculptor unveiled1 #aiae4 ,,wister',s ,,woods1 contains fine trees and profusion of dogwood2 forty-four acres2 ,east ,germantown2 bird sanctuary4 ,total amount of space devoted to park1 square1 and boulevard purposes within city limits is #h1jcg4cb acres4 ,,the ,,fairmount ,,park ,,art ,,association organized #ahga1 to express high civic ideals1 in forms of beauty and dignity1 synonymous with art1 have had large mounted photographs of the sculpture in ,fairmount ,park placed in ,philadelphia public schools4 ,,historic ,,institutions ,,of ,,philadelphia ,,academy ,,of ,,natural ,,sciences1 on the ,parkway at ,logan ,circle1 was founded1 #ahab1 in the house of ,thomas ,say1 ,esq41 northwest corner of ,second and ,market ,streets4 ,the ,museum1 for its historic value and extent of its collection1 is one of the most important in existence2 arranged in two series1 an exhibition for the public1 and reference for specialists4 ,library contains about #fj1jjj volumes1 nearly all on natural sciences2 several important publications are issued by the ,academy1 and numerous lectures on natural history are given annually4 ,contains portraits of founders1 ,thomas ,say1 ,gerard ,troost1 ,william ,maclure1 ,charles ,lesueur1 ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 ,samuel ,l4 ,mitchell4 ,all painted by ,charles ,willson ,peale1 and hung in ,peale's ,museum2 others by noted artists are ,robert ,bridges1 ,isaac ,lea1 ,joseph ,leidy1 by ,bernard ,uhle2 ,jacob ,gilliams by ,p4 ,f4 ,rothermel2 ,william ,hempbell and ,george ,ord by ,john ,neagle2 ,samuel ,g4 ,morton by ,paul ,weber2 ,w4 ,s4 ,w4 ,ruschenberger by ,william ,k4 ,hewitt2 ,isaac ,wistar by ,robert ,vonnoh2 also a fine study model of ,alexander ,wilson1 the ornithologist1 by ,charles ,grafly1 and statuette of same by ,alexander ,calder4 ,,american ,,philosophical ,,society1 #ajc ,south ,fifth ,street1 on lot in ,state ,house yard1 given the ,society by the state in #aghe2 colonial1 brick2 built1 #aghi3 originated in 8,the ,junto0 formed by ,benjamin ,franklin1 #agbg1 with the object of mutual improvement2 received its name #agfi1 8,the ,american ,philosophical ,society in ,philadelphia1 for ,promoting ,useful ,knowledge40 ,benjamin ,franklin1 then in ,europe1 sole ,american plenipotentiary to ,france from the thirteen provinces1 was elected first president1 and continued until his death in #agij4 ,david ,rittenhouse1 second president1 served until his death in #agif2 he1 with other members1 successfully observed the ,transit of ,venus1 ,june #c1 #agfi1 giving the first approximately accurate results to the world1 in the measurements of the spheres2 he also constructed an orrery for measuring heavenly bodies4 ,thomas ,jefferson1 third president1 served eighteen years1 while he was also ,vice-,president and ,president of the ,united ,states1 and established its library and cabinet4 ,present ,president1 ,dr4 ,w4 ,w4 ,keen4 ,its membership is world wide4 ,at the meetings1 held regularly1 the most advanced thought in scientific investigation is presented4 ,the ,society now owns most of the ,franklin papers in existence1 recently calendared in five volumes by ,dr4 ,i4 ,minis ,hays2 field notes of ,lewis and ,clark expedition2 original copy of ,penn's ,charter of ,privileges1 dated #agja2 manuscript volume1 ,laws of ,pennsylvania prior to #agjj1 and original broadside1 ,declaration of ,independence4 ,oil portraits of all its ,presidents are here and of many leading members2 notably1 ,george ,washington1 by ,gilbert ,stuart2 ,president ,jefferson1 ,benjamin ,rush1 ,john ,vaughn1 ,caspar ,wistar1 ,p4 ,s4 ,du,ponceau1 all by ,thomas ,sully2 ,david ,rittenhouse and ,samuel ,vaughn by ,c4 ,w4 ,peale2 ,joseph ,priestly and ,chief ,justice ,william ,tilghman by ,rembrandt ,peale2 ,daniel ,g4 ,brinton by ,thomas ,aikens2 ,professor ,alexander ,dallas ,bache by ,huntington2 ,general ,isaac ,wistar and ,joseph ,henry by ,bernard ,uhle2 several notable busts of ,jefferson1 ,turgot1 and ,condorcet by ,houdon2 ,benjamin ,franklin by ,caffieri2 and of ,lafayette1 ,alexander ,hamilton1 and ,nicholas ,biddle4 ,,the ,,franklin ,,institute1 ,seventh ,street above ,chestnut2 organized1 #ahbd2 open free daily2 classic1 marble1 built1 #ahbe2 ,john ,haviland1 architect4 ,first organization in the ,united ,states to combine science with practice2 the lecture course presents1 free to the public1 latest advances in useful arts and sciences1 by distinguished technologists2 also popular illustrated addresses on topics of the day2 school of ,mechanic ,arts includes instruction in mechanical and architectural drawing1 said to be one of the most thorough and practical in the ,united ,states4 ,library is second to none1 in extent and completeness1 as reference for scientific literature2 ,the ,franklin ,journal1 published since #ahbe1 monthly1 is the only record extant of a number of early ,united ,states patents4 ,they held first exhibition in ,america of ,american manufactures1 #ahbd1 in ,carpenters' ,hall1 and first electrical exhibition in ,america4 ,portraits include ,dr4 ,benjamin ,franklin and ,matthias ,w4 ,baldwin by ,sully1 ,daguerre by ,abraham ,whiteside1 and bust of ,henry ,clay by ,william ,rush1 carved wood4 ,among relics are typesetting and electrical machines1 used by ,benjamin ,franklin1 and early models of machinery4 ,will be moved to ,parkway1 ,race ,street1 east of ,nineteenth ,street4 ,,the ,,historical ,,society of ,pennsylvania1 #acjj ,locust ,street1 in mansion of ,general ,robert ,patterson1 enlarged and made fireproof2 founded1 #ahbd4 ,open #aj4jj ,a4,m4 to #f4jj ,p4,m42 ,july and ,august1 closes at #d4jj ,p4,m42 publishes the ,pennsylvania ,magazine of ,history and ,biography2 contains probably the largest collection of sources of ,american history assembled in any one place2 includes over #ajj1jjj bound books1 #bej1jjj pamphlets1 #gjjj volumes of manuscripts and some #cejj volumes of newspapers1 which are invaluable to the student of colonial and ,revolutionary history2 an ,,index ,,to ,,the ,,marriages ,,and ,,deaths1 in ,dunlap1 ,claypoole and ,poulson's ,,american ,,daily ,,advertiser1 creates a constant demand for the files of that newspaper for genealogical purposes2 ,tom ,paine's ,,american ,,crisis1 #aggf1 and many other rare imprints of ,americans4 ,the ,society has a large and exceedingly rich collection of oil paintings2 practically all the governors of the state are represented in portraiture on its walls1 some of the mayors of ,philadelphia1 and portraits of many ,revolutionary officers2 a portrait of ,johannes ,kelpius1 the 8,hermit of the ,wissahickon10 by ,christopher ,wick1 in #agjd1 is believed to be the earliest portrait in oil painted in ,america2 portraits of ,gustavus ,hesselius1 his wife1 and of ,robert ,morris1 ,sr41 father of the financier1 painted by ,gustavus ,hesselius1 are of historic interest2 a fine collection of original ,illustration3 ,,george ,,washington ,from the collection in ,independence ,hall ,painted by ,rembrandt ,peale portraits1 drawings1 studies1 and manuscripts by ,benjamin ,west1 includes the full length portrait of ,william ,hamilton of the ,woodlands1 and his niece1 ,mrs4 ,ann ,hamilton ,lyle1 probably the most beautiful of ,west's portraits in this city2 other artists represented are ,charles ,willson ,peale1 ,jacob ,eicholtz1 ,thomas ,sully1 ,rembrandt ,peale1 ,john ,neagle1 ,charles ,gilbert ,stuart1 ,robert ,edge ,pine1 ,john ,singleton ,copley1 ,walter ,g4 ,gould1 ,henry ,inman1 ,paul ,weber1 and ,william ,e4 ,winner4 ,among the miniatures are those by ,john ,trumbull1 ,james ,peale1 and ,robert ,fulton4 ,marble busts are of ,washington1 ,franklin1 ,milton1 ,henry ,clay1 ,major ,general ,robert ,patterson1 ,t4 ,buchanan ,read1 and ,dr4 ,joseph ,parrish4 ,relics of great historic interest include the ,ephrata ,printing ,press1 the ,charter of the ,city of ,philadelphia1 and the 8,great ,belt of ,wampum10 representing the famous ,shackamaxon ,treaty between ,william ,penn and the ,indians1 8never signed and never broken40 ,,masonic ,,temple1 ,broad and ,filbert ,streets2 ,norman architecture2 built1 #ahgj2 ,john ,t4 ,windrim1 architect4 ,rooms with notable decorations are the ,egyptian2 ,oriental1 ,moorish style from sketches made in the ,alhambra by ,john ,sartain2 and ,corinthian1 copied from well-known standards of architecture1 ornament and familiar figure composition4 ,museum said to be the greatest existing ,masonic museum1 contains aprons of ,past ,grand ,masters of the three oldest ,lodges in the world2 and ,george ,washington's apron1 made by ,madame ,lafayette and presented to him by the ,marquis1 worn by ,washington at laying of the corner-stone of the ,capitol at ,washington2 an ancient ,templar ,cross1 original ,crusader's ,cross1 found in a grave at ,tyre1 ,syria1 ,a4,d4 #abej2 notable jewelers' art of ,england1 ,denmark1 ,germany1 ,france1 and ,great ,britain1 in badges1 including one owned by ,napoleon ,i2 tablet from ,temple of ,herod2 ,sephar ,torah1 ancient scroll of the law found in ,germany1 over eighteen feet long1 and from three hundred to five hundred years old4 ,library1 ,byzantine decorations1 with coats of arms1 of various ,guilds and ,grand ,lodges1 in the ceiling4 ,the ,great ,hall1 or front entrance1 contains portraits and paintings1 among them 8,the ,puritans0 by ,f4 ,j4 ,waugh and 8,a ,marine ,scene0 by ,richards2 ,seals of the ,states of the ,union1 and paintings portraying the ,pan ,athenia1 ,greek festival4 ,on the second floor are the ,grand ,lodge ,room1 representing a ,corinthian temple1 constructed to appear roofless2 the columns1 reproductions of the ,lysicrates1 ,athens2 mural paintings represent the mythology of the ,greeks1 8,weighing of the ,soul10 8,ulysses ,passing the ,island of the ,sirens10 8,birth of ,athena10 8,judgment of ,paris10 8,the ,golden ,fleece40 ,renaissance ,hall1 the ,tabernacle1 contains the ,veils of the ,temple4 ,two paintings at either end represent a ,high ,priest1 and a ,scribe4 ,ionic ,hall and ,norman ,hall have characteristic ornamentation2 ,egyptian ,hall1 decorations are copied from ,temples of ,karnak1 ,elephanta1 ,philae1 ,rameses1 the ,cataracts and ,tombs2 ,ceiling from ,temple of ,denderah2 also the scene 8,weighing the ,soul10 showing ,egyptian mythology allied with ,greek4 ,,mint ,,of ,,united ,,states ,,at ,,philadelphia1 ,sixteenth and ,spring ,garden ,streets1 open daily1 except ,sundays and holidays1 #i4jj ,a4,m41 to #c4jj ,p4,m4 ,classic ,ionic1 granite1 built1 #aija1 by the ,supervising ,architect of ,washington1 ,d4 ,c4 ,main lobby finished in ,italian marble with mosaic ceiling2 panels illustrate ancient methods and processes of coinage2 artist1 ,w4 ,b4 ,van ,ingen4 ,largest and most completely equipped ,mint in the world4 ,numismatic room1 accessible to the public1 contains large collection of coins and medals2 among them the widow's mite1 found in ruins of ,temple in ,jerusalem4 ,,pennsylvania ,,bible ,,society1 #gja ,walnut ,street1 organized in ,philadelphia1 #ahjh4 ,first ,bible ,society on ,american continent2 present building erected1 #ahec4 ,first ,president1 ,right ,rev4 ,william ,white1 ,d4,d42 first meeting1 called by ,robert ,ralston in his own home2 object1 to further our country's welfare through the ,bible1 the ,book teaching love1 unity1 and forbearance2 therefore qualified to band the people together and advance national betterment4 ,the establishment of such an organization in our land was recognized by gift of #bjj by the ,british and ,foreign ,bible ,society1 ,london4 ,all denominations have been represented in the line of ,presidents2 during ,bishop ,whitaker's incumbency the ,pennsylvania ,bible ,society was connected with the ,american ,bible ,society in ,new ,york1 now the national organization4 ,general ,lafayette in #ahbd was presented by this ,society with a specially prepared copy of the ,scriptures4 ,at the centennial of this ,society1 in #aijh1 celebrated in the ,academy of ,music1 ,bishop ,ozi ,w4 ,whitaker1 ,d4,d41 presided2 ,right ,hon4 ,james ,bryce1 ,british ,ambassador1 made an address and presented to ,bishop ,whitaker a beautifully embossed ,bible1 sent by the ,british and ,foreign ,bible ,society1 emblems on the cover were from early ,christian examples1 similar to those on the ,coronation ,bible given to ,king ,edward ,,vii2 ,ambassador ,bryce was in turn presented with a richly made copy of the ,scriptures1 by the ,pennsylvania ,society2 greetings were received from ,president ,theodore ,roosevelt and ,governor ,edwin ,s4 ,stuart of ,pennsylvania1 and from other ,bible societies4 ,at the ,tercentenary celebration of ,king ,james version of the ,english ,bible1 in the ,academy of ,music1 #aiaa1 ,james ,a4 ,mac,donald1 ,,ll4,d41 of ,toronto1 spoke of 8,the ,influence of the ,bible ,upon the ,commonwealth40 ,letters were read from ,king ,george ,v of ,england1 and ,president ,william ,h4 ,taft4 ,this ,society now circulates between two and three hundred thousand ,bibles per annum1 printed in over fifty languages and dialects1 for ,pennsylvania1 ,new ,jersey1 and ,delaware1 over which this house has especial jurisdiction4 ,any separate book of the ,bible may be obtained for two cents4 ,,philadelphia ,,commercial ,,museum1 ,thirty-fourth ,street below ,spruce1 organized1 #ahid1 is the only ,commercial ,museum in the ,united ,states2 it received immense collections from the ,chicago 8,columbian ,exposition10 over forty governments being represented2 many subsequent collections from other international expositions2 and special exhibits1 illustrating the people and products of the world4 ,a free reference library is here1 of ,foreign and ,american ,commerce and ,travel1 which could not be duplicated1 and courses of free lectures are given which cover subjects of geographic1 commercial1 and industrial importance1 illustrated by colored lantern slides and motion pictures2 colored slides1 with lantern screen and type-written lectures1 covering same field of geography1 commerce1 and industry1 are loaned1 free of cost1 to public-school teachers1 in all parts of ,pennsylvania2 they reach tens of thousands2 also collections of specimens1 to aid teachers1 are sent free of cost1 as a gift to ,pennsylvania public schools2 they are arranged1 showing important raw material1 and process of manufacture4 ,manufacturers are furnished with information on all matters pertaining to foreign trade2 the ,foreign ,trade ,bureau is the acknowledged leader of such organizations in the world4 ,,the ,,pennsylvania ,,horticultural ,,society1 #afjj ,walnut ,street2 first in ,america1 organized at meeting in ,franklin ,institute1 #ahbg1 to promote horticulture and create love for flowers1 fruits1 and vegetables by their cultivation4 ,minutes of the ,society and list of membership is complete from formation to present time4 ,lectures by an expert in the various branches of horticulture are given at each monthly meeting1 from ,november until ,may4 ,annual exhibitions are1 ,spring ,flower ,show before ,easter1 three days2 ,peony1 outdoor grown ,rose and ,sweet ,pea ,show in ,philadelphia suburbs1 from ,may to ,july1 according to season2 ,dahlia ,exhibition1 in ,september2 ,chrysanthemum1 early ,november4 ,the ,society has a library of several thousand books on agriculture and horticulture1 some very rare and of great value1 and all recommended works1 of recent publication1 in ,europe and ,america4 8,great gardens educate people in gentility as well as in horticulture40 ,,wagner ,,institute1 southwest corner of ,seventeenth ,street and ,montgomery ,avenue2 founded by ,professor ,william ,wagner1 #ahdg4 ,circulating and reference library open daily except ,sunday1 #i4jj ,a4,m4 to #i4jj ,p4,m4 ,museum collections1 chiefly in reference to geology and mineralogy1 open ,wednesday and ,saturday afternoons4 ,courses of lectures conducted through the collegiate year4 ,,libraries ,,the ,,library ,,company ,,of ,,philadelphia1 ,locust ,street1 east of ,broad2 first circulating library in the ,united ,states2 founded by subscription in #agca1 by ,benjamin ,franklin and his friends of the ,junto ,club2 charter granted by ,john1 ,thomas1 and ,richard ,penn in #agha2 original building1 ,fifth and ,library ,streets1 designed by ,dr4 ,thornton1 now the ,drexel ,building2 present building1 architect1 ,frank ,furness in #ahhi2 is a haven for scholars interested in historical research2 also has important collections of books on costume1 foreign literature1 and complete set of ,punch1 begun in #ahdj2 among historic relics are original sketches made for ,watson's ,annals of ,philadelphia2 ,william ,penn's desk from ,pennsburg2 ,john ,dickinson's reading desk1 and ,heraldic ,hatchment1 used at his funeral2 and the ,andr collection4 ,,the ,,ridgeway ,,branch1 ,broad and ,christian ,streets1 founded by bequest of ,dr4 ,james ,rush2 architect1 ,addison ,hutton2 built1 #ahgh1 ,doric1 granite2 contains terra cotta bust of ,minerva1 heroic size1 probably ,french work2 formerly behind the ,speaker's chair in the ,continental ,congress1 ,sixth and ,chestnut ,streets1 given to the ,philadelphia ,library1 #aghc1 also some articles of ,boule1 and illuminated manuscripts4 ,,mercantile ,,library1 ,tenth ,street above ,chestnut2 was established #ahba1 at #ajj ,chestnut ,street1 present building1 originally a market house1 with room seventy-four by two hundred feet1 and high-arched ceiling1 makes ideal condition for library work on one floor2 this is a circulating library of general literature for stockholders and members1 who only are admitted into the reading room1 where they have unrestricted use of books4 ,,philadelphia ,,city ,,institute1 #bah ,south ,nineteenth ,street1 was founded1 #aheb1 by public-spirited citizens1 for the purpose of benefiting young men1 by establishing a free library and night school2 library free to the public4 ,,the ,,free ,,library ,,of ,,philadelphia1 northeast corner of ,thirteenth and ,locust ,streets1 chartered1 #ahia1 from endowment fund1 left in will by ,william ,pepper1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 for a free library in the city of ,philadelphia3 opened temporarily in ,city ,hall2 removed to old ,concert ,hall1 #abag-ba ,chestnut ,street1 now in old building of ,college of ,physicians2 contains bust of ,dr4 ,pepper1 by ,carl ,bitter1 and portraits2 a large new library building is in process of construction on the ,parkway1 ,nineteenth and ,vine ,streets4 ,growth and usefulness1 from its inception1 are due to the management of the late ,dr4 ,john ,thomson1 ,librarian2 now includes a main building1 #bf branches1 as well as deposit stations and traveling libraries2 total circulation for home use in #aiaf1 #b1gfg1caj4 ,hearty coperation exists between the public schools and the ,free ,library2 school extension lectures are given to the children of the grammar grades2 and 8story hours0 are weekly events for younger children in the branch libraries4 ,reference and periodical departments contain works on art1 architecture1 and archology1 extremely valuable to the practical student and designer2 here are facsimiles of many most noted1 of early printed books and manuscripts1 ,bible codices1 etc42 the 8open shelf0 system is used in all departments4 ,fine buildings of the branch libraries have been developed in their architectural proportions and decoration1 on the traditions of ,french and ,english ,renaissance1 or local expression of the ,georgian2 always with top lighting1 considered extremely important3 in the basement of the branch at ,seventeenth and ,spring ,garden ,streets is a large and valuable collection of government documents2 the ,josephine ,widener ,memorial ,branch1 ,broad ,street and ,girard ,avenue1 has reference books of priceless nature and rare prints1 issued before ,a4,d4 #aejj4 ,,historic ,,medical ,,colleges1 ,,hospitals1 ,,and ,,dispensaries ,,christ ,,chruch ,,hospital1 ,wynnefield ,station1 ,park ,trolley and ,p4 ,r4 ,r42 ,gothic stone building2 organized1 #aggb1 by ,dr4 ,john ,kearsley2 endowed by ,jacob ,dobson in #ahjd2 is a home for gentlewomen1 communicants of the ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 in the ,diocese of ,pennsylvania2 #aej acres2 the ,board of ,managers include three of the vestry1 each1 of ,christ ,church and ,st4 ,peter's ,church4 ,,college ,,of ,,physicians ,,of ,,philadelphia1 ,twenty-second ,street1 above ,chestnut2 founded about #aghg1 and modeled on lines of ,the ,royal ,college of ,physicians in ,london4 ,a scientific paper was read by ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush at the first meeting4 ,english ,renaissance1 brick1 laid ,flemish bond1 with basement1 cornices1 pilasters1 and other trimmings of ,indiana limestone2 finest building of a medical society in the world1 with the largest medical library1 save one1 in the ,united ,states1 and a fine collection of portraits of presidents of the ,society1 painted by most notable artists4 ,this is not a teaching institution1 but a ,medical ,society1 composed of men of professional distinction4 ,,hahnemann ,,medical ,,college ,,and ,,hospital1 #bbf ,north ,broad ,street4 ,oldest homeopathic college in the world2 founded in #ahdh2 first located at #bbi ,arch ,street4 ,consolidated with the ,homeopathic ,medical ,college in #ahfi2 moved to present site in #aija4 ,its collections include the world-famous dissection of entire cerebro-spinal nervous system by ,dr4 ,rufus ,b4 ,weaver2 ,dr4 ,hering's complete writings of ,paracelsus2 ,dr4 ,a4 ,r4 ,thomas's library of old and rare anatomical books2 ,hahnemann's works in the original2 it has the most complete library of homeopathic literature in existence4 ,portrait of ,dr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,van,lennep2 artist1 ,henry ,rittenberg4 ,,home ,,of ,,the ,,merciful ,,saviour1 #ddjj ,baltimore ,avenue1 on grounds adjoining the ,clarence ,clark ,park2 incorporated1 #ahhb2 eight houses and chapel1 all memorials1 with a summer home at ,avon-by-the-,sea4 ,a home for crippled1 homeless1 and helpless children4 ,first of its kind in ,america where vocational training is taught4 ,,hospital ,,of ,,the ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 ,front ,street and ,lehigh ,avenue4 ,main group of buildings1 pure ,norman4 ,founded by the ,right ,rev4 ,alonzo ,potter1 ,bishop of ,pennsylvania1 and ,dr4 ,caspar ,morris1 in the ancestral home of two parishioners on the present site4 ,jenny ,lind made the first cash contribution4 ,,jefferson ,,medical ,,college1 ,tenth and ,sansom ,streets2 founded through the efforts of ,dr4 ,george ,b4 ,mc,clellan2 opened1 #ahbe4 ,present building erected1 #aijd4 ,,jefferson ,,hospital1 ,tenth and ,sansom ,streets2 last word in hospital construction and equipment2 originated in the ,infirmary established in ,jefferson ,college1 #ahbe2 present site was bought1 #ahge1 and the building opened for use in #ahgg4 ,amphitheatre is one of the largest in the world4 ,museum contains casts and wax models of interesting cases4 ,notable portraits in the building are ,dr4 ,forbes1 by ,aikens2 ,dr4 ,da,costa1 by ,vonnoh2 ,dr4 ,keen1 by ,chase2 ,mr4 ,william ,potter1 by ,breckenridge2 ,dr4 ,william ,pancoast1 by ,uhle2 also bronze bust of ,dr4 ,marion ,sims1 by ,c4 ,duboi1 ,paris1 #ahgf2 marble bust of ,dr4 ,george ,mc,clellan2 bronze busts of ,daniel ,webster and ,thomas ,jefferson4 ,,jewish ,,hospital1 ,logan ,station2 ,old ,york ,road and ,olney ,avenue1 entrance is marked with six granite columns from the old ,united ,states ,mint1 formerly on ,chestnut ,street4 ,includes twenty buildings1 on twenty-two acres of ground1 with modern scientific equipment for treatment of sick1 care of aged and incurable4 ,a number of art works said to be of considerable value are here4 ,,municipal ,,hospital1 ,luzerne1 near ,front ,street1 #djjj north2 on extensive grounds bisected by a well-wooded ravine4 ,established in #aggd1 on ,state ,island1 for the isolation and treatment of contagious diseases2 probably most complete of its kind in the world4 ,,pennsylvania ,,hospital1 between ,spruce and ,pine ,streets1 ,eighth and ,ninth ,streets2 colonial2 brick2 with great trees and beautiful open spaces in the grounds4 ,first hospital in the ,united ,states1 founded1 #agea1 by ,dr4 ,thomas ,bond and ,benjamin ,franklin4 ,corner-stone on present site1 laid1 #agee1 can still be seen2 part of this land belonged to ,william ,penn1 which he donated4 ,in #agef1 here was the first clinical amphitheatre in ,america4 ,noah ,webster delivered a lecture for the benefit of the hospital in #aghf2 other benefits received about this time were1 a charity sermon preached by ,rev4 ,george ,whitefield in ,st4 ,paul's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church2 and a painting by ,benjamin ,west1 8,christ ,healing the ,sick10 made while he was in ,london2 the ,english refused to allow the original to come to ,america2 they used it to start the ,national ,gallery2 so a replica was painted2 it now hangs in the hall2 for years the hospital made money by charging a fee to see it4 ,at the ,pine ,street front is a leaden statue of ,william ,penn1 presented by his grandson1 ,john ,penn1 from ,wycombe ,park1 ,bucks1 ,england1 estate of ,lord le ,dispenser4 ,benjamin ,franklin was the first ,secretary and the second ,president2 his minute books are still to be seen there1 with clear fine handwriting2 and interesting letters and documents of colonial and ,revolutionary times4 ,,philadelphia ,,almshouse ,,and ,,general ,,hospital1 ,thirty-fourth and ,pine ,streets1 ,blockley2 first almshouse was opened in #agac by the ,quakers2 not municipal1 open only to their sect2 located on ,walnut1 between ,third and ,fourth ,streets4 ,first city almshouse was established in #agcb2 second in #agfg2 in #aggb it was the most extensive hospital on the continent4 ,during the ,revolutionary ,war1 wounded were cared for here4 ,in ,longfellow's poem1 ,evangeline becomes a ,sister of ,mercy and ministers here to the yellow fever sufferers in ,philadelphia4 ,present institution built1 #ahcd2 architecture of administration building1 ,corinthian1 marble4 ,the ,medical ,department antedates the ,pennsylvania ,hospital4 ,,philadelphia ,,college ,,of ,,pharmacy1 #ade ,north ,tenth ,street2 established1 #ahba1 at meeting in ,carpenters' ,hall3 consists of five large buildings connected by a central building1 ,romanesque1 ,pompeian brick and ,seneca red stone2 largest and first institution in the ,united ,states devoted to pharmaceutical and chemical instruction4 ,laboratories and equipment are without a peer1 for most advanced training of men and women as pharmacists and chemists4 ,museum has a large number of paintings of famous scientists1 also the ,martindale ,herbarium of over #bjj1jjj plant specimens4 ,library has about #ad1jjj volumes2 around the gallery hang portraits of men who have given largely of their time and substance to the development and advancement of the ,college1 and to the progress and betterment of the city2 artists represented1 ,charles ,willson ,peale1 ,hugh ,h4 ,breckenridge1 ,henry ,r4 ,rittenberg4 ,collection of photographs of pharmaceutical subjects1 many rare and very valuable4 ,,preston ,,retreat1 ,twentieth and ,hamilton ,streets1 on site of ,william ,penn's residence2 classic1 marble3 founded by ,dr4 ,james ,preston in #ahcg1 for married women of good character and indigent circumstances1 about to be confined4 ,one of the best equipped in the world4 ,,st4 ,,joseph',s ,,hospital1 ,girard ,avenue and ,sixteenth ,street2 colonial1 brick4 ,established first in the parish of ,st4 ,joseph's ,church1 near ,fourth and ,walnut ,streets1 for ,irish famine refugees who became ill on overcrowded and unventilated ships4 ,incorporated1 #ahdi4 ,was third general hospital in ,philadelphia4 ,,wills' ,,hospital1 ,eighteenth and ,race ,streets1 facing ,logan ,circle2 classic1 marble2 founded1 #ahcb1 by ,james ,wills1 ,jr41 for the indigent blind and lame4 ,now one of the best in the world as an institution for the study and practice of ophthalmy4 ,,women',s ,,hospital ,,of ,,philadelphia1 ,north ,college ,avenue4 ,oldest and largest hospital in the world for women and children3 organized1 #ahfa4 ,its motto is1 8,woman's work for woman by women40 ,,woman',s ,,medical ,,college ,,of ,,philadelphia1 ,twenty-first ,street and ,north ,college ,avenue2 first college in the world organized for the education of women for the medical profession4 ,incorporated1 #ahej4 ,dr4 ,ann ,preston1 of first class to be graduated1 was the founder of the ,women's ,hospital4 ,contains bas-relief tablet1 8,the ,woman ,physician02 sculptor1 ,miss ,clara ,hill4 ,,historic ,,musical ,,interests ,,of ,,philadelphia ,,academy ,,of ,,music1 ,broad and ,locust ,streets4 ,seats #cjjj2 established1 #aheg1 for representation of operas in ,english1 and distinguished entertainments2 opened with a magnificent ball1 such as was never before witnessed in ,philadelphia2 now home of the ,philadelphia ,orchestra1 which has had three conductors since its organization in #aijj1 ,fritz ,scheel1 ,carl ,pohlig1 and ,leopold ,stokowski2 all of whom have brought the splendid body of players to a high standard of musical excellence4 ,dr4 ,stokowski has said of the ,academy3 8,the architect must have had great knowledge of the laws governing sound1 as the volumes are marvelously arranged40 ,the ,mahler ,symphony was given here in #aiaf1 first time in ,america1 ,stokowski1 director1 with chorus of #ajjj voices4 ,a memorial to ,siegfried ,behrens will be in wall of lobby1 portrait figure in relief1 with ,muse of ,music holding laurel wreath1 ,cararra marble1 seven feet high1 on base of dark marble2 sculptor1 ,guiseppe ,donato4 ,,the ,,maennerchor ,,society1 #afdc ,north ,broad ,street4 ,a men's chorus of active and associate members1 founded1 #ahce1 by ,philip ,mathias ,wolsieffer1 director for eighteen years4 ,the ,maennerchor was the first men's chorus in ,america2 they have sung for twenty-eight years at opening of the ,german-,american ,charity ,ball1 in the ,academy of ,music4 ,they sang with the ,vocal ,union1 choral parts of ,beethoven's ,ninth ,symphony in #ahgd1 first time given in ,america1 ,william ,w4 ,wolsieffer conducting4 ,won three prizes at ,national ,saengerfest in ,brooklyn1 ,baltimore1 and ,newark4 ,,musical ,,fund ,,hall1 ,locust ,street1 west of ,eighth ,street1 built1 #ahbd4 ,acoustic properties unsurpassed4 ,jenny ,lind sang here4 ,now used by a ,labor ,organization4 ,philadelphia has over two hundred singing societies1 and a long list of very prominent musical organizations4 ,,the ,,presser ,,foundation ,,of ,,philadelphia1 organized #aiaf1 is the first institution of its kind to be established in ,america4 ,all of its resources have been given by ,mr4 ,theodore ,presser4 ,it includes a ,home for ,retired ,music ,teachers1 suggested by the ,founder's visit to the ,verdi 8,casa di ,riposo per ,musicisti10 in ,milan in #ahii4 ,scholarships to institutions of learning1 the students to be selected by the ,president1 and ,directors of the ,musical ,departments1 and emergency aid relief to musicians4 ,,the ,,university ,,of ,,pennsylvania ,,and ,,other ,,historic ,,schools ,,the ,,university ,,of ,,pennsylvania1 ,thirty-fourth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 with a campus of one hundred and seventeen acres along the west bank of the ,schuylkill ,river and equipment of seventy buildings2 originated in the ,charity ,school1 organized1 #agdj1 at ,fourth and ,arch ,streets2 made an academy through the interest of ,benjamin ,franklin1 in #agdi2 chartered1 8,the ,college of ,philadelphia10 with power to confer honorary and collegiate degrees1 being the third oldest college in the ,united ,states2 in #agii was organized and chartered as 8,the ,university of the ,state of ,pennsylvania10 making it the first institution in the ,united ,states designated a university2 also the first to establish professional schools distinct from the college4 ,the ,school of ,medicine was added in #agfe1 and has always maintained the most advanced requirements and highest standards of scholarship for graduation2 it was founded by ,dr4 ,john ,morgan1 who held the first medical professorship in ,america2 he was physician in chief of the ,continental ,army1 #agge-gg4 ,the first ,american ,university ,professorship in ,law was established here1 #agij2 ,james ,wilson held the position2 ,president ,washington attended his lectures4 ,in #agii1 the ,university conferred on ,washington the degree of ,,ll4,d41 and later1 in #ahbf1 set apart his birthday as ,university ,day1 on which honorary degrees are conferred1 with appropriate exercises4 ,nine sons of this ,university signed the ,declaration of ,independence2 seven1 the ,constitution of the ,united ,states2 twenty-one were members of the ,continental ,congress2 nine1 in the ,united ,states ,senate2 eight were ,attorney-,generals of states or of the ,united ,states2 six were ,justices of the ,supreme ,court2 seven1 ,governors of states2 and many others were ,officers in the ,army and men in public life1 who had received their education in the old building1 ,fourth and ,arch ,streets1 before #ahjj4 ,in #ahjb the ,university was moved to ,ninth and ,chestnut ,streets1 and occupied the presidential mansion1 now site of the ,post ,office2 in #ahgb1 moved to the present site in ,west ,philadelphia4 ,in #aiab1 under the administration of ,provost ,edgar ,fahs ,smith1 ,the ,university ,extension ,courses were formed1 and the college made into three departments with a dean for each4 ,the ,,college1 founded #agdj1 includes ,school of ,arts2 ,summer ,school2 ,college ,courses for ,teachers2 ,courses in ,biology and ,music4 ,,the ,,towne ,,scientific ,,school1 founded1 #ahge1 includes1 ,architecture1 ,chemistry1 ,science1 ,technology1 ,mechanical1 ,electrical and ,civil ,engineering4 ,,wharton ,,school ,,of ,,finance ,,and ,,commerce1 founded #ahha1 includes1 ,school of ,accounts and ,finance in ,philadelphia2 and the ,extension ,schools of ,finance and ,accounts in ,scranton and ,wilkes-,barre4 ,,department ,,of ,,music1 through the unceasing and wise direction of ,dr4 ,hugh ,a4 ,clarke1 has graduated hundreds of students in music1 after a four years' course in ,harmony1 ,counterpoint1 ,composition1 and ,orchestration4 ,the degree of ,bachelor of ,music has been conferred on many who qualified to meet the requirements4 ,,the ,,graduate ,,school was founded1 #ahhb2 courses lead to degrees of master of arts1 and doctor of philosophy4 ,other ,departments are1 the ,,law ,,school1 ,thirty-fourth and ,chestnut ,streets2 building dedicated ,university ,day1 #aijj1 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson1 style similar to the ,english ,renaissance as developed by ,sir ,christopher ,wren2 ,indiana limestone and dull red brick2 contains the ,biddle ,law ,library1 #ee1jjj volumes2 ,the ,black ,memorial ,collection of ,english ,legal ,engravings1 most complete in ,america2 several original documents by ,benjamin ,franklin1 ,george ,washington and other colonial men2 many objects of historical interest to members of the bar2 a fine collection of portraits include those of ,algernon ,sydney ,biddle1 by ,cecilia ,beaux2 ,charles ,chauncey1 by ,henry ,inman2 ,thomas ,mc,kean1 ,,ll4,d41 by ,robert ,w4 ,vonnoh2 ,richard ,coxe ,mc,murtrie1 ,,ll4,d41 by ,william ,m4 ,chase2 ,james ,wilson1 ,,ll4,d41 by ,albert ,rosenthal1 from a miniature2 marble busts of ,daniel ,webster and ,jeremiah ,sullivan2 tablets and memorials4 ,,laboratory ,,of ,,chemistry1 ,thirty-fourth and ,spruce ,streets2 dedicated1 #ahid2 shows the broad projecting eaves of brick architecture in the ,italian ,renaissance2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson2 it is one of the best equipped chemical laboratories in ,america4 ,the ,,engineering building1 ,thirty-third and ,locust ,streets2 dedicated1 #aijf2 ,georgian1 dark brick with limestone trimmings1 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson2 houses the civil1 electrical1 and mechanical engineering departments2 best equipped of its kind4 ,in its collection of portraits is that of ,john ,henry ,towne1 by ,william ,m4 ,hunt4 ,,laboratory ,,of ,,hygiene1 includes the ,psychological ,clinic2 ,department of physical education2 and ,franklin ,field1 ,thirty-third and ,spruce ,streets1 dedicated1 #ahie1 seating capacity of the stadium about #fb1jjj1 was for many years scene of annual football between the ,united ,states ,military and ,naval ,academies2 gymnasium1 facing ,thirty-third ,street1 erected1 #aijc1 ,english ,collegiate1 ,gothic1 dark red brick1 with black headers laid in ,flemish bond1 terra cotta and ,indiana limestone trimmings1 floors and columns concrete2 comprises ,weightman ,hall1 exercising rooms1 and a large swimming pool2 architects1 ,frank ,miles ,day ,brother2 in front on the terrace is statue of ,benjamin ,franklin at seventeen1 as he first entered ,philadelphia in #agcb2 sculptor1 ,dr4 ,r4 ,tait ,mc,kenzie1 pedestal designed by ,professor ,paul ,p4 ,cret4 ,in the entrance is bronze tablet in relief1 full figure portrait of ,charles ,s4 ,bayne in baseball uniform1 8#ahie ,college10 sculptor1 ,r4 ,tait ,mc,kenzie2 also other memorials4 ,,department ,,of ,,arch,,ology1 founded1 #ahhi1 by the late ,provost ,william ,pepper1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 museum1 ,spruce ,street1 near ,thirty-fourth ,street1 open free daily1 #aj4jj ,a4,m4 to #e4jj ,p4,m42 ,sunday #b4jj to #f4jj ,p4,m4 ,the treatment of this building and the courtyard1 begun #ahig1 is among the most successful works of architecture in this country2 it was inspired by the round1 arched1 brick architecture of ,northern ,italy1 about twelfth century2 details especially suggesting the old ,church of ,san ,stefano in ,bologna2 roof of ,spanish tiles gives added charm2 architects in coperation1 ,wilson ,eyre1 ,jr41 ,cope ,stewardson1 ,frank ,miles ,day ,brother4 ,has valuable collections illustrating the history of mankind2 ,egyptian1 ,cretan1 ,etruscan1 and ,babylonian antiquities1 famous tablets from ,nippur1 and the ,dillwyn-,parish collection of ,grco-,roman papyri1 among which are the oldest known fragments of the ,gospel of ,st4 ,matthew4 ,during #aiaf1 the museum maintained four expeditions in the field3 in ,egypt1 ,china1 ,siberia1 and one on the ,amazon1 which will return with collections they have gathered4 ,among the portraits in the museum are1 ,mrs4 ,william ,d4 ,frismuth1 donor of collection of musical instruments1 and ,franklin ,hamilton ,cushing1 ethnologist1 both by ,thomas ,eakins2 bronze statue of ,dr4 ,william ,pepper1 by ,carl ,bitter1 is in the ,italian garden2 free public illustrated lectures are given ,saturdays1 #c4cj ,p4,m41 from ,november to ,march4 ,,library1 founded1 #agdi1 with volumes bearing accession dates of #agdi1 given by ,benjamin ,franklin2 ,first ,provost1 ,william ,smith2 ,louis ,,xvi of ,france2 and others1 now contains about #dej1jjj volumes1 and many special collections2 present building dedicated1 #ahia1 ,thirty-fourth and ,locust ,streets1 red brick1 sandstone1 and terra cotta1 ,furness1 ,evans ,company1 architects2 among the portraits here are ,benjamin ,franklin1 ,,ll4,d41 replica1 by ,thomas ,gainsborough1 ,r4,a41 of his original2 ,william ,wordsworth1 poet1 from life1 by ,henry ,inman in #ahdd2 ,joseph ,g4 ,rosengarten1 ,,ll4,d41 by ,b4 ,a4 ,osnis1 and the entire class of #ahaa minus one1 in silhouette1 cut at ,peale's ,museum2 here also is the famous orrery and large clock made by ,david ,rittenhouse for this university4 ,,houston ,,hall1 memorial to ,henry ,howard ,houston1 ,jr41 class of '#gh1 ,spruce ,street above ,thirty-fourth4 ,north ,conshohocken and ,indiana limestone2 architect's design of two students of the ,school of ,architecture1 developed by ,frank ,miles ,day2 was planned by ,provost ,c4 ,c4 ,harrison1 to weld the cosmopolitan body of students into one democratic brotherhood1 which has now become a world-wide movement in college life2 contains trophy rooms1 pool tables1 and publication office of 8,old ,penn10 until #aiah the official weekly2 courses of ,free ,public ,lectures are given by members of the ,faculty1 and men from other ,american and foreign ,universities2 services by eminent ministers are conducted each ,sunday morning4 ,among the many portraits in ,houston ,hall are1 ,henry ,howard ,houston1 ,jr41 by ,cecilia ,beaux2 ,david ,rittenhouse1 by ,charles ,willson ,peale2 ,henry ,reed1 and ,henry ,vethake1 both by ,sully4 ,,the ,,university ,,hospital1 ,thirty-fourth and ,spruce ,streets2 founded by the late ,provost ,dr4 ,william ,pepper1 #ahgd1 covers two city blocks2 medical staff consists of more than one hundred and fifty physicians and one hundred nurses2 the ,surgical ,building erected1 #aiad2 ,jacobean style1 brick and limestone1 architects1 ,brockie ,hastings1 contains marble bust on pedestal of ,dr4 ,william ,pepper1 ,provost1 #ahha-id2 bronze mural tablet with portrait of late ,dr4 ,john ,h4 ,musser1 sculptor1 ,dr4 ,r4 ,tait ,mc,kenzie2 and many bronze memorials4 ,the ,,medical ,,laboratory1 dedicated1 #aijd1 on ,hamilton ,walk1 ,english ,collegiate1 of ,middle seventeenth century1 hard burnt brick and buff ,indiana limestone2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson2 interior finished in white ,italian marble2 is one of the largest and best equipped in ,america4 ,contains nearly complete collection of oil portraits of staff of physicians from #agfe1 including painting of ,david ,hayes ,agnew1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 at the close of a clinic in ,medical ,hall1 all the subordinate figures in the group are likenesses1 among them1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,william ,white1 ,dr4 ,joseph ,leidy1 ,jr41 and the artist1 ,thomas ,eakins2 ,professor ,john ,morgan1 founder of the ,medical ,school1 after the original by ,angelica ,kauffman2 ,professor ,william ,osler1 ,,ll4,d41 and ,de ,forest ,willard1 by ,w4 ,m4 ,chase2 ,professor ,philip ,syng ,physick1 first ,american to be elected member of ,royal ,academy1 ,france1 by ,henry ,inman1 from life in #ahcf2 ,professor ,benjamin ,rush1 by ,john ,neagle2 ,dr4 ,j4 ,william ,white1 by ,john ,s4 ,sargent2 and bronze bust on pedestal of ,dr4 ,joseph ,leidy4 ,,the ,,wistar ,,institute ,,of ,,anatomy ,,and ,,biology1 ,thirty-sixth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 founded1 #ahib1 for extension of ,wistar and ,homer ,museums2 first university institute exclusively for research in anatomy and biology1 buff brick and light terra cotta1 fireproof1 built1 #ahjh1 architects1 ,george ,w4 and ,w4 ,d4 ,hewitt2 in #aije this institute became the clearing house for anatomy in ,america1 and in #aijf was appointed ,central ,united ,states ,institute for ,brain ,investigation2 the five principal independent anatomical journals of the ,united ,states are published here4 ,open to the public daily1 except ,sundays and holidays1 #i4jj ,a4,m4 to #d4jj ,p4,m41 ,saturdays1 #i4jj ,a4,m4 to #ab4jj ,m4 ,contains bronze bust1 sculptor1 ,samuel ,murray1 #ahij1 of ,general ,isaac ,j4 ,wistar1 ,sc4,d41 who gave the building and endowment2 in bronze vase are his ashes2 also in three bronze vases are the ashes of ,joseph ,leidy1 ,m4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 ,john ,adams ,ryder1 ,ph4,d41 and ,professor ,edward ,drinker ,cope4 ,opposite is ,,the ,,architectural ,,school1 ,thirty-sixth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 second only in importance and numbers to the ,ecole des ,beaux ,arts1 ,paris3 the esprit de corps of faculty and students is most pronounced2 students and graduates1 of late years1 have won more competitive prizes1 and scholarships1 than those of all other ,american schools combined4 ,the four years' course leads to degree2 special two years' course1 and summer six weeks' course4 ,,the ,,botanic ,,gardens1 established1 #ahid1 face ,hamilton ,walk1 open to visitors from sunrise to sunset2 greenhouses filled with rare plants from all the world2 lily and lotus ponds are attractive feature of the campus4 ,open-air plays are given here4 ,the ,vivarium1 established #ahih1 has fresh and salt water aquaria1 first vivarium ever connected with any educational institution4 ,,zo,,logical ,,laboratory1 on ,hamilton ,walk and ,thirty-ninth ,street1 built1 #aiaj2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson1 hard burnt brick and ,indiana limestone1 ,english ,collegiate1 of middle seventeenth century2 considered best working laboratory for its purpose in this country1 contains many famous collections4 ,,veterinary ,,building ,,and ,,hospital1 ,thirty-ninth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 constructed about a square courtyard2 one of best equipped of its kind4 ,architects1 ,cope ,stewardson1 ,english ,collegiate1 seventeenth century1 hard burnt yellow brick and limestone trimmings1 roof green slate1 built1 #aijf-jg4 ,,school ,,of ,,dentistry1 8,thomas ,w4 ,evans ,museum and ,dental ,institute10 ,fortieth and ,spruce ,streets1 ,collegiate ,gothic1 time of ,henry ,,viii1 hard burnt red and black brick and ,indiana limestone1 built1 #aiad1 architect1 ,john ,t4 ,windrim2 the grotesques ornamenting the band courses1 while in the spirit of the ,middle ,ages1 are modern in subject and caricature2 most complete edifice in the world1 devoted to the science of dentistry4 ,museum contains the priceless ,evans collection1 gifts from the nobility of ,europe1 portraits and busts of ,dr4 ,evans4 ,,henry ,,phipps ,,institute for the study1 prevention1 and treatment of tuberculosis1 founded1 #aijc1 northeast corner of ,seventh and ,lombard ,streets2 facing ,starr ,garden ,park1 a civic center of the ,playgrounds ,commission2 is colonial style1 designed by ,grosvenor ,atterbury1 ,new ,york1 brick trimmed with white marble4 ,,flower ,,astronomical ,,observatory at ,llanerch on ,west ,chester ,pike1 architect1 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler1 #ahie4 ,open to visitors every ,thursday evening during collegiate year1 #g4jj ,p4,m4 to #aj4jj ,p4,m42 is equipped with an #ah inch equatorial telescope1 and other instruments of latest and most approved design4 ,,dormitory ,,houses1 ,jacobean1 thirty in number1 begun in #ahie1 suggest the ,oxford and ,cambridge colleges2 carved grotesque bosses on main cornices are reminiscent of the ,gothic period2 they are amusing1 and display an unusual amount of imagination2 material1 hard burnt yellow brick and ,indiana limestone2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson2 entrance through two gateways known as ,memorial ,tower1 gift of the ,alumni1 dedicated in #aija1 in memory of ,university of ,pennsylvania men who served in the ,spanish-,american ,war1 corner-stone was laid by ,general ,miles1 in #aijj2 and the ,provosts' ,tower1 named as memorial to the ,provosts of the ,university of ,pennsylvania1 whose twelve names are carved on medallions1 from ,william ,smith to ,charles ,custis ,harrison4 ,,william ,,penn ,,charter ,,school1 #h to #aj ,south ,twelfth ,street1 was planned in #afhd at a meeting of the ,provincial ,council1 ,governor ,penn presiding4 ,in #afhi1 ,william ,penn1 writing from ,england to ,thomas ,lloyd1 ,president of ,council1 instructed him to set up a 8,public ,grammar ,school in ,philadelphia10 the school was incorporated in #afih1 and ,george ,keith engaged as head master1 #afii4 ,in #agja1 ,william ,penn1 while on a visit to ,america1 granted the school a charter from his own hand2 on the same day he chartered the city itself4 ,this school is the oldest existing chartered school in ,america2 a second and more liberal charter was granted1 #agjh1 and a third charter1 under which the school is still conducted1 #agaa2 the originals of all three of these charters are in the school's possession4 ,the school will be moved to ,pinehurst1 the ,waln estate1 twenty-two acres on ,school ,lane near ,wissahickon ,avenue1 ,germantown1 acquired by gift2 field now used for their athletic sports1 surface having been adapted for the purpose by the ,newhall ,engineering ,company1 ,philadelphia1 who made there a football oval2 an eighteen foot quarter-mile track2 and an eighteen foot #bbj yard straightway2 drainage of these tracks and oval is such1 that in eight years1 not one scheduled contest has been postponed on account of condition of the ground4 ,,central ,,high ,,school1 ,broad and ,green ,streets2 established1 #ahcf4 ,in view of the increasing income and diminishing debt of the nation1 the ,united ,states ,congress in #ahcf passed a law1 authorizing the distribution of surplus revenue among the states1 to be disposed of as their legislatures might enact2 ,pennsylvania devoted her share1 over #gj1jjj1 to public education1 and the controllers erected a high school in ,philadelphia1 which was completed1 #ahch1 east side of ,juniper ,street1 below ,market ,street4 ,in #ahec1 the original building was sold2 present structure occupied in #aijj4 ,conferring of academic degrees dates from #ahdi4 ,memorial window to ,edward ,t4 ,steel in assembly room4 ,,girard ,,college1 ,college and ,corinthian ,avenues1 for the care and training of orphan boys2 founded by ,stephen ,girard1 a native of ,france1 who at his death1 in #ahca1 left his estate for this purpose4 ,main building1 architect1 ,thomas ,ustick ,walter1 architect of the ,capitol at ,washington1 probably the finest architectural specimen in ,philadelphia1 modeled after a ,greek temple1 white marble1 covers an area of #cd1cdd feet1 exclusive of eleven marble steps by which it is approached on every side2 a colonnade of #cd ,corinthian columns aid in supporting the marble roof1 each column #f feet in diameter and #ee feet high1 the diameter of corner columns being increased #a inches to overcome apparent reduction of size from their insulated position2 bases #i feet #c inches in diameter1 #c feet #b inches high1 capitals #h feet #f inches high and #i feet #d inches wide2 each shaft1 as well as the bases1 consists of a single piece1 without vertical joints2 at each end of the three story building is a vestibule1 the ceilings of which are supported by eight columns1 whose shafts are composed of a single stone2 corner-stone was laid ,july #d1 #ahcd1 and the completed building transferred to the ,board of ,directors1 #ahdg4 ,in the first vestibule is white marble sarcophagus1 with body of ,stephen ,girard1 and his statue by ,gevelot2 the memorial room contains portrait of ,girard1 by ,j4 ,r4 ,lambdin1 copy from posthumous portrait by ,bass ,otis in ,masonic ,temple2 interesting collection of furniture2 pictures2 china2 silverware1 and fine marble bust of ,napoleon ,i1 by ,canova1 presented to ,girard by ,joseph ,bonaparte4 ,present capacity1 #aebj boys1 admitted from six to ten years of age and graduated fourteen to sixteen years of age1 preference of admission is given to those born within the old ,philadelphia city limits1 next in consideration those born in ,pennsylvania1 and third group1 boys born in the cities of ,new ,york and ,new ,orleans4 ,there are several hundred on waiting list4 ,equipment comprises ten white marble buildings for school and house purposes1 chapel seating #afjj1 and other buildings1 also plant for heat1 light1 and power1 inclosed on forty acres with a ten-foot high stone wall4 ,endowment now about #bi1jjj1jjj4 ,soldiers' and sailors' monument on campus1 in memory of the graduates who served in the ,civil ,war2 sculptor1 ,j4 ,massey ,rhind4 ,clergymen are excluded by ,girard's will1 8that the boys might be kept free from denominational controversies40 ,bible has always had a foremost place in the teaching of the college2 ,chapel speakers are laymen of prominence in the professional and business world4 ,,other ,,places ,,of ,,historic ,,interest ,,residence ,,of ,,john ,,fitch in #agia1 #dfb ,north ,second ,street2 in #agij ,john ,fitch's steamboats made regular trips2 ,petty's ,island was used as a port for the ,perseverance1 one of the five steamboats that ,fitch constructed for use on the ,delaware1 before ,robert ,fulton placed his ,clermont on the ,hudson2 it was blown up at moorings on this island4 ,,residence ,,of ,,edgar ,,allan ,,poe from #ahdc-dd west side of ,seventh ,street1 above ,spring ,garden 7old number #bcd74 ,,bush ,,hill ,,mansion1 on west side of ,seventeenth ,street below ,spring ,garden1 erected by ,andrew ,hamilton in #agdj2 front lawn sloping to ,vine ,street1 was scene of a ,fourth of ,july celebration held in #aghh1 after the last of the nine states that made the ,constitution effective came in2 the procession dispersed here at 8,union ,green10 ,james ,wilson1 a signer of the ,constitution1 delivered an oration1 and there were other ceremonies4 ,,springettsbury1 built #agcf-ci1 called after the name of ,william ,penn's first wife1 manor-house of the ,penns2 burnt in #ahjh2 part of site is now occupied by the ,preston ,retreat1 ,eighteenth ,street below ,spring ,garden4 ,northeast corner of ,broad and ,walnut ,streets1 site of ,,vauxhall ,,garden2 a ball was given here in honor of ,general ,andrew ,jackson after his victory at ,new ,orleans1 ,january #h1 #ahad4 ,,penn ,,treaty ,,park1 ,beach ,street and ,east ,columbia ,avenue4 ,,knight',s ,,wharf at edge of ,green ,street1 in ,northern ,liberties2 near here ,poole's bridge crossed ,pegg's ,run at ,front ,street1 it was named after one ,poole1 a ,friend1 whose mansion was here1 recalls the ,mischianza invitation3 8,the favor of your meeting the subscribers to the ,mischianza at ,knight's ,wharf1 near ,poole's ,bridge1 tomorrow at half past three1 is desired4 7,signed7 ,henry ,calder4 ,sunday1 #agth ,may1 #aggh4 ,for river parade to the ,garden40 ,preparations for this magnificent entertainment1 the erection of numerous and vast pavilions around the ,wharton mansion1 and their decorations by ,andr1 ,delancey1 and other gallant officers1 was the talk of the town for weeks4 ,the ,wharton mansion1 ,walnut ,grove1 used by the family in summer1 was where ,fifth ,street1 near ,washington ,avenue1 is now2 the ,british had possession there in the spring of #aggh2 ,miss ,peggy ,shippen's portrait was sketched by ,major ,andr in ,mischianza costume4 ,philadelphia then excelled all other colonial cities in size1 culture1 and importance4 ,,southwark ,,shot ,,tower1 built1 #ahji1 ,carpenter ,street between ,front and ,second1 first plant in the ,united ,states which made bullets4 ,,site ,,of ,,hill',s ,,shipyard1 ,queen ,street wharf below ,cathrine ,street4 ,original ,swedish houses on both sides of ,queen ,street below ,front4 ,site of ,united ,states first navy yard1 #abja ,south ,front ,street4 ,obelisk northeast corner ,twenty-third and ,market ,streets gives a history of the old ,market ,street bridge1 built #ahja-je2 inscriptions to be recut4 ,,historic ,,germantown ,colonial and ,revolutionary suburb1 six miles from ,philadelphia2 founded in #afhc by ,francis ,daniel ,pastorius from ,sommerhausen1 ,germany1 one of the best educated men in the ,colonies2 he had received the degree of ,doctor of ,laws at ,nuremberg2 was a member of the ,assembly from #afhg-ia4 ,earliest settlers were ,friends and ,german ,religionists1 highly cultivated1 and skilled in weaving1 paper-making1 printing1 and other trades4 ,first railroad in ,america to use steam was the ,philadelphia and ,reading to ,germantown in #ahcb4 ,first successful locomotive made in ,america was ,matthias ,baldwin's 8,old ,ironsides10 used on this road1 only taken out in fair weather4 ,,germantown ,,avenue follows an old ,indian trail1 made a turnpike in #ahjj1 on which are still many historic houses of quaint colonial architecture2 rough native stone with overhanging hipped roofs and a projecting pent1 over doorstep4 ,,stenton1 built in #agbh1 brick1 colonial1 near ,wayne ,junction1 residence of ,james ,logan1 ,secretary to ,william ,penn1 #agbg-cd2 ,illustration3 ,,germantown ,president of ,council1 ,chief ,justice of the ,supreme ,court of ,pennsylvania2 his guests were ,franklin1 ,jefferson1 ,madison1 ,monroe1 ,lafayette1 ,john ,randolph2 occupied by ,general ,washington1 ,august1 #aggg1 on way to the ,battle of ,brandywine2 by ,general ,howe during ,battle of ,germantown2 ,washington dined here with ,dr4 ,logan1 ,july1 #aghg1 while the ,constitutional ,convention was in session4 ,there is a curious underground passage from cellar to stable2 the stream on the place was named 8,wingohocking0 for an ,indian chief1 who himself took the name of ,logan2 now in charge of the ,pennsylvania ,society of ,colonial ,dames1 who have refurnished it with original pieces and relics of the ,logan family2 open daily #a4jj ,p4,m4 to #f4jj ,p4,m41 excepting ,sunday and ,thursday4 ,admission fee1 fifteen cents4 ,northwest corner of ,apsley ,street and ,germantown ,avenue1 ,,loudoun1 built in #ahja1 residence of ,thomas ,armat1 now occupied by ,armat and ,logan descendants2 many wounded ,americans died and were buried here in ,battle of ,germantown4 #dhbe ,germantown ,avenue1 house built by ,christopher ,ottinger in #agha2 walls two feet thick2 rafters unhewn trees2 his son1 born here in #ahjd1 was ,captain ,douglas ,ottinger in the ,united ,states ,revenue ,marine2 he invented the ,ottinger life car which1 in #ahdi1 equipped eight life-saving stations on the ,new ,jersey coast4 #dhaj ,germantown ,avenue1 site of ,wagner house1 built1 #agdg2 used as hospital after the ,battle of ,germantown1 stable doors were taken for operating tables2 many died and were buried in a trench in the rear4 #dijh ,germantown ,avenue1 built in #agfj1 was bought1 #ahbh1 by ,john ,s4 ,henry1 whose son1 ,alexander ,henry1 was three times ,mayor of ,philadelphia and a member of ,congress4 ,northeast corner of ,east ,logan and ,germantown ,avenue1 ,lower or ,,hood',s ,,burial ,,ground1 presented to borough in #afic by ,jan ,streepers2 ,john ,f4 ,watson placed stones over graves of ,general ,agnew and ,colonel ,bird1 ,british officers killed in ,battle of ,germantown2 see ,burial ,grounds4 #eaji ,germantown ,avenue1 site of ,thones ,kunder's home1 part of original north wall is still standing2 first meetings of the ,society of ,friends in ,germantown were held here2 and a public protest against slavery was made in #afhh2 the paper1 written and signed by ,pastorius and three others1 was forwarded to the ,yearly ,meeting in ,burlington2 ,thones ,kunder1 by trade a dyer1 was the ancestor of the ,conard and ,conrad families1 also of ,sir ,samuel ,cunard1 founder of the ,cunard ,steamship ,line2 he died in #agbi4 ,south side of ,manheim ,street1 west of ,germantown ,avenue1 residence of ,jacques ,marie ,roset1 who came to ,america in #agib1 first to introduce the tomato plant into ,germantown2 his granddaughter was the wife of ,anthony ,j4 ,drexel1 ,esq42 opposite1 #aec ,manheim ,street was ,taggert's field2 ,british ,infantry encamped here4 ,manheim ,street1 corner of ,morris ,street1 ,,germantown ,,cricket ,,club1 organized in #ahed2 ,william ,rotch ,wister1 was the first ,american to study the science and points of the play1 and teach it2 he was known as 8,the father of ,american cricket02 first ,american field1 8,belfield ,cricket ,club10 ,stenton and ,olney ,avenues1 was the ,wister pasture and orchard2 second club1 8,young ,america10 field1 rear of residence of ,thomas ,a4 ,newhall1 ,esq41 ,manheim and ,hansberry ,streets2 they consolidated in #ahhi4 ,queen ,lane1 west of ,pulaski ,avenue1 site of ,potter's ,field in #agfe1 a burial place for 8all strangers1 negroes and mulattoes as die in any part of ,germantown40 #eajf ,germantown ,avenue1 residence of ,commodore ,james ,barron1 ,commandant ,philadelphia ,navy ,yard in #ahdb2 ,captain of the ,chesapeake1 when captured by the ,british ship ,leopard2 in #ahjg he killed ,commodore ,stephen ,decatur in a duel at ,bladensburg1 ,maryland4 #eaeg ,germantown ,avenue1 residence and printing office1 now altered1 of ,philip ,r4 ,freas2 publisher of ,the ,village ,telegraph1 in #ahcj2 later ,the ,germantown ,telegraph4 ,,st4 ,,stephen',s ,,methodist ,,church1 opened in #ahef2 site of ,frederick ,fraley's carpenter shop2 gun carriages were made here for the ,american ,army2 ,washington was a frequent visitor4 #eadj ,germantown ,avenue1 residence of ,,gilbert ,,stuart1 #agid-ie2 the barn was used as his studio2 portrait of ,washington1 now in the ,athenaeum of ,boston1 was painted here2 also a full length portrait of 8,cornplanter10 the ,indian chief4 #ebec-ee ,germantown ,avenue1 formerly one dwelling1 ,,owen ,,wister1 novelist1 was born here ,july #ad1 #ahfj1 son of ,dr4 ,owen ,j4 and ,sarah ,butler ,wister2 his mother was a daughter of ,pierce and ,fanny ,kemble ,butler4 #ebai ,germantown ,avenue1 residence of ,john ,bringhurst1 carriage maker1 #agge-ie2 a founder of the ,germantown ,academy2 in #aghj he made a 8chariot0 for ,general ,washington1 whose arms and crest were properly displayed2 cost #baj in gold2 ,martha ,washington rode to ,mount ,vernon in it4 ,colonel ,bird1 ,british officer1 died here4 #ebdi ,germantown ,avenue1 built by ,dr4 ,owen ,wister1 was his residence from #ahfj-gj1 he then moved to ,butler ,place on ,york ,road2 #ebec ,germantown ,avenue site of ,,christopher ,,saur',s residence and printing office1 who arrived in ,germantown1 #agbd2 secured a printing outfit from ,germany in #agch2 published the first ,german newspaper in ,america1 #agci2 printed the first ,bible in ,european language in ,america1 #agdc2 ,christopher ,saur1 ,jr41 was ,bishop of the ,dunkard ,church1 #agec4 #ebdb-dd ,germantown ,avenue1 site of ,indian ,queen ,tavern1 which gave the name to ,queen ,street4 #ebfa ,germantown ,avenue1 erected by ,john ,wister in #agdd1 stones were quarried from a hill in the rear2 joists from oaks in ,wister's woods2 family removed to ,penllyn during occupancy by ,british1 where ,,sally ,,wister1 a daughter1 wrote her charming 8,diary40 ,the ,british ,general1 ,james ,agnew1 lived here at the time of ,battle of ,germantown2 was brought back wounded1 and died here2 now owned and occupied by ,wister descendants4 #ecjj ,germantown ,avenue1 corner of ,queen ,street1 parsonage of ,,trinity ,,lutheran ,,church2 was one of the ,saur properties2 first type cast in ,america1 in #aggb1 was made in the cellar of this house2 church built1 #ahcg2 many well-known ,germantowners lie in the graveyard4 #ebge-gg ,germantown ,avenue1 ,germantown ,national ,bank1 #ahbe-fh2 ,john ,fanning ,watson was cashier1 he lived at #ebgg2 building was occupied by ,thomas ,jefferson1 ,secretary of ,state1 and ,edmund ,randolph1 ,attorney ,general of the ,united ,states1 in #agic1 during the yellow fever in ,philadelphia4 ,northeast corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,coulter ,street1 ,,st4 ,,luke',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church1 first ,episcopal ,church in ,germantown1 built1 #ahaa2 land given by ,thomas ,armat1 ,esq42 ,john ,fanning ,watson1 the annalist1 is buried in the churchyard4 ,northwest corner of ,germantown ,avenue1 and ,coulter ,street1 ,,friends' ,,meeting1 land given by ,jacob ,shoemaker1 fifty acres1 in #afic2 in the library is a photograph of the first protest against slavery4 #edbe ,germantown ,avenue1 ,masonic ,lodge room2 site1 residence of ,a4 ,bronson ,alcott1 where ,,louisa ,,may ,,alcott1 authoress1 was born4 #edcj ,germantown ,avenue1 residence of ,captain ,,albert ,,ashmead1 of the ,philadelphia ,county ,troop who commanded a troop of cavalry1 and escorted ,general ,lafayette from ,bristol to ,philadelphia in #ahbd2 ,french ,embassy during #agic4 #edcd ,germantown ,avenue1 residence of ,john ,ashmead1 father of ,captain ,albert ,ashmead2 who designed and made the first carriages known as ,germantown wagons1 in #ahbd1 in the shop at rear of house2 also first plows with wrought iron mold board2 ,lafayette purchased four1 for his ,la ,grange farm in ,france4 ,,market ,,square1 ,battle of ,germantown fought here1 ,september #be1 #aggg2 here was the market house1 prison1 stocks1 and public scales2 in ,february1 #agfd1 several hundred ,paxtang boys1 from banks of the ,conestoga and ,susquehanna ,rivers1 encamped here2 they came east to murder the peaceful ,moravian ,indians1 sheltered in ,philadelphia1 and were met by ,benjamin ,franklin1 ,thomas ,willing1 ,benjamin ,chew1 and others1 who persuaded them to return4 ,monument erected in #ahhc1 to ,civil ,war soldiers and sailors1 pedestal with tablets1 containing names of ,germantown soldiers and sailors1 at base are two coast defense mortars from the ,civil ,war1 two bronze cannon on wheels from the ,united ,states ,arsenal2 the enclosure is of musket barrels and bayonets1 used during ,civil ,war1 and broken cannon from ,british frigate ,augusta1 sunk by ,american batteries during ,revolutionary ,war4 ,,market ,,square ,,presbyterian ,,church1 originally ,german ,reformed1 built in #agcc2 ,count ,zinzendorf preached his first sermon in ,america here1 ,december1 #agda1 and last on leaving1 ,june1 #agdb2 ,washington worshiped here while living in the ,morris house opposite2 a battalion of ,ninth ,virginia1 captured by the ,british1 was confined here4 #eddb ,germantown ,avenue1 ,,morris ,,house1 ,washington's summer residence1 in #agic-id1 built by ,david ,deshler1 #aggb-gc2 ,sir ,william ,howe occupied it after the battle in #aggg2 in #ahjd1 it was bought by ,mr4 ,perot for a country residence1 and became the property of his son-in-law1 ,mr4 ,morris2 the yard is kept in the simple elegance of colonial times4 #edej ,germantown ,avenue1 in #agij residence of ,thomas ,armat1 who lived later at 8,loudoun40 #edeb ,germantown ,avenue1 erected in #agaa by ,john ,ashmead1 great grandfather of ,captain ,albert ,ashmead2 front rebuilt #agij4 #eded ,germantown ,avenue1 occupied in #agdb by ,count ,zinzendorf2 commencement of ,moravian ,seminary1 now in ,bethlehem1 ,pennsylvania4 ,saving ,fund ,building1 site1 residence of ,jacob ,tellner1 first stone house built in ,germantown2 ,william ,penn present at the roof raising2 he once preached here4 ,school ,house ,lane and ,greene ,street1 ,,germantown ,,academy1 built1 #agei2 colonial1 native stone2 founded by ,christopher ,saur1 and others of ,german birth1 to furnish education in 8,english1 ,high ,dutch1 and the ,german language40 ,it has always held high rank as a school2 the bell was brought to ,philadelphia in #aggd1 in the tea ship ,polly1 the cargo was not allowed to land1 it was taken back to ,england1 and returned here when the war was ended2 telescope used by ,washington during battle1 when the building was used as a hospital1 is here2 several ,british soldiers were buried in the yard2 cricket was first played in ,america here1 by ,british officers2 ,bank of ,pennsylvania was brought here1 escorted by ,mc,pherson's ,blues in #agih1 during the second yellow fever epidemic in ,philadelphia2 gymnasium on ,green ,street1 modern4 ,on ,school ,house ,lane1 farther west1 is ,cricket ,field of the ,william ,penn ,charter ,school4 ,northeast corner of ,school ,house ,lane and ,germantown ,avenue1 ,mutual ,fire ,insurance ,company1 in the office is 8,shag ,rag10 an old hand engine1 imported from ,england1 #agfd2 site1 ,de la ,plaine house1 ,whitefield preached from balcony to about #ejj people in the ,square4 ,northwest corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,school ,house ,lane1 ,germantown ,bank1 chartered1 #ahac2 site of ,germantown ,library in #ahjf2 used by ,united ,states ,bank in #agih1 escorted from ,philadelphia by body of ,light ,horse4 #eeaf-ah-bj ,germantown ,avenue1 site1 ,,king ,,of ,,prussia ,,tavern in #ageg1 the sign was painted by ,gilbert ,stuart2 a stage coach1 with awning1 ran from ,king of ,prussia to the 8,george ,inn10 ,second and ,arch ,streets1 three times a week4 ,germantown ,avenue north of ,chelten ,avenue1 ,vernon ,park1 residence of ,john ,wister1 member of ,congress until #ahhc2 now belongs to the city2 mansion1 built in #ahjc1 is used as museum by the ,site ,relic ,society2 marble statue of ,john ,wister1 near the door1 made in ,italy1 given by his son1 ,jones ,wister1 who posed for the figure4 ,free library building in ,park4 ,south side of ,haines ,street1 east of ,chew1 still stands a farmhouse2 residence of ,christopher ,ludwig in #aggg2 appointed 8,baker ,general0 to ,american ,army2 said to be the original of ,harvey ,birch in ,cooper's novel1 8,the ,spy40 ,southeast corner ,germantown ,avenue and ,high ,street1 site of the ,morris-,littell house1 was residence of ,,dr4 ,,christopher ,,witt1 physician1 botanist1 musician1 artist1 astronomer1 poet2 originally one of the hermits of the ,wissahickon2 friend of ,john ,bartram and ,francis ,daniel ,pastorius2 an oil portrait of ,johannes ,kelpius1 painted by ,dr4 ,witt in #agje1 is said to be the first oil portrait painted in ,america1 now at ,pennsylvania ,historical ,society2 he started the first botanical garden in ,america1 twenty years earlier than ,bartram's4 ,now yard of high school building4 ,south side of ,high ,street1 two squares east from ,germantown ,avenue1 ,,st4 ,,michael',s ,,protestant ,,episcopal ,,church2 window of ,st4 ,michael after ,guido ,reni by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet2 grave of ,dr4 ,christopher ,witt is here2 died in #agfe1 aged #ij2 site of old ,warner burial ground2 ,british and ,american soldiers were buried here4 ,,methodist ,,church1 #fjai ,germantown ,avenue1 site1 ,green ,tree ,tavern in #agdh1 kept by ,francis ,daniel ,pastorius until #aged2 ,general ,anthony ,wayne came this far1 time of battle2 ,pastorius was the hero in ,whittier's 8,pennsylvania ,pilgrim40 ,died in #agai2 was buried1 probably1 in the ,friends' burial ground1 ,germantown ,avenue above ,coulter ,street4 ,southwest corner of ,walnut ,lane and ,germantown ,avenue1 8,wyck10 built in #afij2 thought to be the oldest house now in ,germantown2 was used as hospital and operating room after battle2 ,lafayette was entertained here ,july1 #ahbe4 #fjdc ,germantown ,avenue1 southeast corner of ,walnut ,lane1 was bought in #agge by ,dr4 ,william ,shippen as a summer home2 center of fierce skirmish during battle2 ,pennsylvania manual training school was here under ,dr4 ,george ,junkin1 who was afterwards ,president of ,washington and ,lee ,university2 his daughter was married to ,general ,stonewall ,jackson2 in #ahcb1 ,dr4 ,junkin was ,president of ,lafayette ,college1 ,easton2 in #ahea this property was bought by ,charlotte ,cushman1 actress4 ,germantown ,avenue above ,herman ,street1 ,,mennonite ,,meeting ,,house1 founded1 #agjh2 present building erected1 #aggj2 ,william ,rittenhouse1 first pastor2 ,brigadier ,general ,agnew was mortally wounded near here4 #fbje ,germantown ,avenue1 site of house built in #agch by ,dirck ,keyser1 a silk merchant1 who came from ,amsterdam in #afhh4 #fbci ,germantown ,avenue1 was known as ,washington ,tavern in #agic4 #fcjf ,germantown ,avenue1 ,johnson ,house1 in thickest of fight2 time of battle the ,british swarmed through1 and cleared everything edible2 family fled to the cellar4 ,germantown ,avenue1 north of ,washington ,lane1 built1 #agge1 ,concord ,school ,house2 now ,charter ,oak ,library4 ,north of library is the ,upper ,burial ,ground2 has probably the oldest existing stone to a ,german in ,pennsylvania1 ,cornelius ,tyson1 buried in #agaf2 graves of the ,lippard family are here1 ancestors of ,george ,lippard1 author2 ,american soldiers' memorial stone was erected by ,john ,fanning ,watson4 ,southeast corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,duval ,street1 site1 8,pomona10 residence ,colonel ,thomas ,forrest1 artillery officer2 later member of the ,sixteenth and ,seventeenth ,congress4 #fcch ,germantown ,avenue1 site1 the ,ship ,house1 built1 #agfj2 had representation of a ship on south gable2 rear1 site of first public hall in ,germantown4 ,northeast corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,johnson ,street1 ,,chew ,,house1 8,cliveden10 known as the 8,germantown ,battle ,field10 built in #agfj by ,benjamin ,chew1 ,attorney ,general of the ,province1 member of ,council1 later ,chief ,justice2 colonial1 solid and heavy masonry2 forming admirable fortification2 was the scene of most important battle in ,germantown1 ,october #d1 #aggg2 family were away2 house partly furnished was left in charge of servants1 the building was battered with bullets1 holes still shown in the doors4 ,northwest corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,johnson ,streets1 ,,upsala1 one of the finest examples of colonial architecture2 built in #agih by ,john ,johnson2 is still occupied by his descendants2 during the battle1 ,americans put their cannon in the yard to fire on the ,chew ,house1 opposite4 ,northeast corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,upsal ,street1 ,billmyer house1 built in #agbg2 ,washington stood on the horse block1 telescope in hand1 to penetrate the smoke of battle1 and discover force of the enemy at ,chew ,house4 ,woodwork bears marks of bullets and attempts by soldiers to set it on fire2 bought by ,michael ,billmyer in #aghh1 a celebrated ,german painter1 whose business plant was here2 tablet placed by ,site and ,relic ,society4 #ffaa ,germantown ,avenue1 parsonage of ,,dunkard ,,meeting ,,house1 said to be over two hundred years old2 near it1 in the battle1 ,general ,nash was mortally wounded and ,major ,witherspoon1 son of ,rev4 ,john ,witherspoon1 ,president of ,princeton ,college1 killed by the same cannon ball2 they were buried in ,st4 ,michael's ,lutheran ,churchyard4 #ffac ,germantown ,avenue1 mother church of the ,brethren1 or ,,dunkards1 in ,america2 who came here in #agai2 ,church was organized by ,peter ,becker1 first pastor1 in #agbc1 present building1 erected1 #aggj1 has tablet to ,christopher ,saur in the meeting house1 he published the first ,american quarto edition of the ,bible1 #agdc2 in the graveyard is buried ,alexander ,mack1 founder of the ,dunkard sect in ,germany1 who came to ,america1 #agbi4 ,southeast corner of ,germantown ,avenue and ,phil-,ellena ,street1 ,,st4 ,,michael',s ,,lutheran ,,church1 founded #agcg2 in #agdb1 ,rev4 ,henry ,melchoir ,muhlenberg had charge here1 and of ,st4 ,john's in ,philadelphia2 pews were placed in #agej2 during the battle1 the organ was destroyed by ,british soldiers1 who ran along the streets blowing the pipes2 in the graveyard is buried ,christopher ,ludwig1 and other patriots4 #fgdi ,germantown ,avenue1 residence ,george ,hesser2 ,elizabeth ,drinker's journal1 written while staying here in #agic1 during yellow fever epidemic in ,philadelphia1 gives interesting local details of life in ,germantown4 #gcja ,germantown ,avenue1 opposite ,allen's ,lane1 ,,lutheran ,,theological ,,seminary1 site1 8,mount ,airy10 summer residence of ,chief ,justice ,william ,allen2 ,lafayette was entertained here2 later a school was conducted by ,benjamin ,c4 ,constant1 8,the ,american ,classical and ,military ,institute40 ,general ,meade and his brother1 also ,general ,beauregard1 were educated here4 ,southeast corner of ,germantown and ,gowen ,avenues1 now part of ,lutheran ,theological ,seminary2 residence1 in #agib1 of ,joseph ,miller1 whose daughter was married to ,james ,gowen2 their son1 ,franklin ,b4 ,gowen1 was born and lived here many years1 also his brother1 ,james ,e4 ,gowen4 #gdjf ,germantown ,avenue1 ,mount ,airy1 ,,pennsylvania ,,institution ,,for ,,deaf1 semi-deaf and blind-deaf2 founded in #ahbj by ,david ,g4 ,seixas1 who gathered deaf street roamers in his home1 taught1 fed1 and clothed them2 a school was planned1 ,bishop ,white presiding2 constitution adopted1 and directors chosen2 now a splendidly equipped trade teaching department for boys and girls2 articulation1 and lip reading taught2 architecture1 ,norman4 ,,interesting ,,places ,,west1 ,,not ,,on ,,germantown ,,avenue ,queen ,lane1 two blocks west on ,wissahickon ,avenue1 ,,carlton1 residence of ,henry ,hall2 ,washington's headquarters1 ,august1 #aggg1 and two days in ,september1 before and immediately after the ,battle of ,brandywine2 when the ,british occupied ,germantown1 the ,hessian detachment encamped from here to the ,schuylkill ,river3 ,general ,kuyphansen's headquarters3 beyond the house1 toward ,queen ,lane reservoir1 is a granite monument erected by ,sons of the ,revolution in #ahie to commemorate the earlier encampment of the ,american army at this point4 ,corner of ,rittenhouse ,street and ,lincoln ,drive1 birthplace of ,david ,rittenhouse1 ,pennsylvania's first and greatest astronomer1 born ,april #h1 #agcb2 house erected in #agjg2 his grandfather1 ,william ,rittenhouse1 came to ,america in #afij2 first paper maker in ,america2 mill located near the house4 ,,places ,,of ,,interest ,,east ,east ,logan ,street1 across ,wissahickon ,avenue1 the picturesque ,,wakefield ,,mills and residence of ,thomas and ,sarah ,fisher1 ne ,logan1 in #agie1 granddaughter of ,james ,logan1 of ,stenton2 passing ,wakefield1 ,old ,york ,road is soon reached4 ,,jewish ,,hospital on the right4 ,old ,york ,road1 on left1 residence of ,pierce ,butler1 bought in #ahab2 he was a member of the ,constitutional ,convention1 and ,senator from ,south ,carolina2 his son1 ,pierce ,butler1 ,jr41 married ,fanny ,kemble2 present residence of ,owen ,wister1 their grandson2 the ,british outpost was stationed near here4 ,church ,lane and ,wingohocking ,creek1 site of ,roberts ,mill1 built in #afhc2 first in the country2 built by ,richard ,townsend1 a passenger on the ,welcome with ,william ,penn2 back of mill1 ,british had a small redoubt1 guarding their encampment in ,germantown4 ,northeast corner of ,church ,lane and ,dunton ,street1 ,spencer farmhouse2 ,thomas ,godfrey1 inventor of the quadrant1 was born here2 he died in #agdi4 ,northwest corner of ,haines ,street and ,limekiln ,turnpike1 ,,philadelphia ,,national ,,cemetery1 thirteen acres1 founded in #ahhe2 soldiers of the ,war of the ,rebellion are buried here4 ,farther along ,limekiln ,turnpike left wing of ,washington's army moved down this road1 and a sharp encounter occurred with an outpost of ,british4 ,,ii ,,bucks ,,county ,automobile ride of historic interest through ,washington's itinerary to ,new ,hope4 ,return to ,philadelphia via ,bristol and ,frankford4 ,one of the first three counties established by ,william ,penn1 #afhb1 named for ,buckinghamshire 7,bucks71 ,england1 ,penn's ancestral home4 ,from ,,hatboro1 ,montgomery ,county1 take the ,old ,york ,road to ,,warminster1 site where ,john ,fitch1 in #aghe1 made a model of the first successful steamboat1 marked by monument2 he ran a boat1 with side wheels1 by steam1 on a pond in #aghf1 and on the ,delaware ,river1 during session of ,federal ,constitution at ,state ,house in ,philadelphia1 #aghg2 twenty years before ,robert ,fulton's trial trip on the ,hudson2 before ,fitch1 first model of steamboat in ,united ,states was made by ,william ,henry1 of ,lancaster1 #agfc4 ,approaching ,hartsville1 is site of ,log ,college1 origin of ,princeton ,university1 founded by ,rev4 ,william ,tennent1 #agdj1 near ,christ's ,home1 where everything is obtained through prayer4 ,neshaminy ,church in a grove of very old oak trees1 where ,william ,tennent preached1 is one of the oldest ,presbyterian churches in ,pennsylvania4 ,,hartsville1 ,cobe ,scout's shop1 on ,little ,neshaminy2 bulk of ,american army was at ,neshaminy ,camp1 with ,general ,stephen and ,lord ,sterling1 when ,lafayette joined it1 and was handed his commission by ,general ,washington in ,moreland house1 near the bridge2 marked1 inscription1 ,illustration3 ,,bucks ,,county 8,washington's headquarters1 ,august1 #aggg1 ,bucks ,county ,historical ,society40 ,first ,pike west of ,hartsville1 wooden covered bridge over ,little ,neshaminy2 inscription1 8,bucks ,county ,bridge1 #ahba1 #bj mi4 to ,p40 ,continue ,york ,road beyond ,jamison's ,corner1 seven arch stone bridge over ,big ,neshaminy at ,bridge ,valley1 built1 #ahjj2 beyond bridge1 first left road1 over ,crawford's ,hill1 fine view of ,neshaminy ,valley4 ,via ,pebble ,hill to ,,doylestown1 county seat1 settled1 #aggh1 population #cheg2 court house1 native gray stone2 concrete fountain in front1 ,renaissance1 with benches and lamp posts1 designed by ,william ,r4 ,mercer1 ,jr41 erected by borough1 #aiab1 in commemoration of one hundredth anniversary of the county seat4 ,bucks ,county ,historical ,society1 ,library and ,museum1 built1 #aiae1 of reinforced concrete1 interior groined arch construction1 designed1 built1 and presented to the ,society by ,dr4 ,henry ,c4 ,mercer2 the court1 surrounded by four galleries1 contains collections illustrating history of the ,united ,states by means of utensils of ,american pioneers2 unique of its kind in ,america2 includes ,indian relics1 decorated stove plates1 illustrated in a booklet 8,the ,bible in ,iron02 arms and relics of the ,rebellion4 ,former library building1 now the ,auditorium1 brick1 built1 #aijd2 colonial1 designed from 8,homewood10 ,baltimore residence of ,charles ,carroll of ,carrollton2 was presented to the ,society by ,william ,l4 ,elkins1 ,esq4 ,fountain ,house1 ,main ,street1 opposite ,national ,bank1 oldest hostelry in continuous use in upper ,bucks ,county1 built1 #agde1 rebuilt1 #ageh1 low1 two story1 with porches1 was the old stagehouse to ,easton2 contains large collection of colonial furnishings and old prints4 8,aldie10 residence of ,william ,r4 ,mercer1 ,jr41 has notable pheasantry1 rare fowls from eastern ,asia2 concrete garden ornaments made by ,mr4 ,mercer2 and antique sculpture from pre-,christian era2 ,font ,hill1 outside borough limits1 residence1 ,dr4 ,henry ,c4 ,mercer2 beamed and vaulted ceilings2 roof terraces and many windows1 entirely of reinforced concrete2 walls and ceilings adorned with mosaics and tiles made by ,dr4 ,mercer at the neighboring 8,moravian ,pottery and ,tile ,works40 ,living room decoration1 ,bible pictures in tiles1 adapted from ,pennsylvania ,german stove plates2 ,columbus room1 ceiling and pavement tiles1 discovery and exploration of ,america2 ,bow room1 ceiling tiles1 ,cortez' maps of ancient ,mexico1 pavement1 ,aztec picture writings2 ,yellow room tiles1 story of ,bluebeard2 also collection of classical and ,renaissance mosaics1 and ancient tiles1 from historic buildings2 may be seen by writing to the owner for admission4 ,near ,doylestown1 ,national ,farm ,school1 four hundred acres1 pioneer ,jewish institution of its kind in ,america1 founded1 #ahih4 ,from ,doylestown southwest1 two miles1 ,,castle ,,valley1 ,prospect or ,spruce ,hill1 fine view1 and grave1 according to county tradition1 of ,lenape ,chief1 ,tammany1 whose name is used in ,tammany ,hall1 ,new ,york2 continuing the automobile route1 ,buckingham turnpike near ,doylestown1 small stone bridge1 said to be #agi years old2 facing masonry1 more modern2 date stone1 #ahad4 ,,buckingham1 ,tavern1 ,general ,green's headquarters1 lunch room restored in ancient style2 ,friends ,meeting ,house1 with lost graves of ,continental soldiers along roadside2 ,buckingham ,mountain and ,wolf ,rocks1 center of runaway slave settlement1 old negro church on summit2 left of ,old ,york ,road1 ancient limestone quarries and kilns2 ,,holicong or 8,conkey ,hole0 deep funnel-shaped depression with water hole in neighboring field2 residence of ,colonel ,h4 ,d4 ,paxson1 contains unique collection of light and fire making apparatus1 and of ,north ,american ,indian objects including the ,lenape ,stone2 ,,lahaska1 ,dr4 ,staveley's residence1 8,bleak ,house40 ,,aquetong1 ,logan's or ,ingham ,spring1 one of the largest limestone springs in ,east ,united ,states1 residence of ,samuel ,ingham1 ,general ,jackson's ,secretary of ,state2 north of ,york ,road1 ,,solebury1 ,friends ,meeting ,house4 ,,center ,,bridge1 on the ,delaware1 house in which ,william ,g4 ,whittier1 the poet1 lived4 ,residence of ,edward ,w4 ,redfield1 landscape painter1 many of his paintings are made from scenes in this vicinity4 ,,new ,,hope1 summer art colony1 residence ,w4 ,l4 ,lathrop1 and other artists2 ,parry ,house1 8,cintra10 stone1 with walls of great thickness1 said to have been built by ,william ,maris in #ahaf1 is so strikingly like the famous ,octagon ,house in ,washington1 ,d4 ,c1 that both were probably from the same model1 a wing of the old castle 8,cintra0 near ,lisbon1 ,portugal2 the heavy paneled cherry doors1 with silver-plated knobs1 on first floor1 are said to have been originally part of ,robert ,morris' house1 8,the ,hills10 in ,fairmount ,park2 ,mr4 ,maris is credited with several buildings in ,new ,hope1 also1 near ,new ,hope1 8,spring ,dale10 with octagonal entrance hall1 once the home of ,dr4 ,charles ,huffnagle1 who was ,united ,states ,consul to ,calcutta and later ,united ,states ,consul ,general to ,british ,india2 who brought a notable collection of curios from the ,orient which for many years were on exhibition at ,spring ,dale4 ,in ,december1 #aggf1 four brigades under ,generals ,sterling1 ,mercer1 ,stephen1 and ,de ,fermoy1 were posted from ,yardley's to ,coryell's ,ferry1 now ,new ,hope1 to guard fords above ,trenton4 ,farmhouse of ,william ,keith above ,brownsburg1 built1 #agfc2 marked1 inscription1 8,washington's headquarters previous to ,battle of ,trenton1 ,december #ad-be1 #aggf40 ,old ,eagle ,tavern to right1 fine view of river1 hills1 and valley southward2 picturesque valley of ,knowles ,creek along ,jericho ,hill1 site of ,american ,army camp4 ,north1 line of ,william ,penn's first ,bucks ,county purchase from the ,indians1 near site of ,indian town ,playwicky2 below1 8,lurgan10 near river1 named in honor of ,james ,logan's birthplace in ,county ,armagh1 ,ireland4 ,on ,december #be1 ,washington and army crossed the river at ,mc,conkey's ,ferry1 now ,,taylorsville1 before midnight2 nine hundred-foot bridge there now2 twenty-four hundred troops were transported by #c4jj ,a4,m4 ,december #bf2 marched to ,trenton1 in two divisions1 under ,generals ,greene and ,sullivan1 conquered the ,hessians1 and recrossed the river same evening1 with nearly one thousand prisoners1 arms1 and several cannon4 ,at ,,newtown1 then county seat1 ,washington wrote of his victory to the ,president of ,congress1 ,december #bg1 #aggf1 in residence of ,john ,harris2 his headquarters until ,december #bi4 ,old ,brick ,hotel1 built1 #afhd1 enlarged1 #agfd1 called1 8,the ,red ,lion10 ,hessian prisoners were brought here2 in #ahbi1 residence of ,major ,joseph ,o4 ,v4 ,s4 ,archambault1 born at ,fontainebleau1 ,france1 aide to ,napoleon in ,battle of ,waterloo1 member of his household at ,st4 ,helena2 was visited here by ,prince ,murat and ,joseph ,bonaparte4 ,old ,friends ,meeting ,house2 old ,court ,house2 and ,bank1 robbed by the ,doans after the ,revolution4 ,north of ,newtown1 one mile1 ,,wrightstown1 ,lenape monument1 on site of chestnut tree1 land given by ,miss ,martha ,chapman1 inscription1 8,to the memory of the ,lenni-,lenape ,indians1 ancient owners of the region1 these stones are placed on this spot2 the starting point of the #8,indian ,walk1' ,september #ai1 #agce1 ,bucks ,county ,historical ,society1 #ahij40 ,friends ,meeting ,house2 nearby1 in fields1 site of cave house of ,john ,chapman1 first settler3 very beautiful views beyond ,buckmansville toward ,wrightstown1 ,solebury ,mountain in plain view4 ,on ,richboro ,pike1 at ,,richboro and ,,churchville are ,dutch ,reformed churches1 about #bjj years old2 near is ,southampton ,baptist ,church1 built1 #agfd4 ,from ,,wrightstown1 through ,,yardleyville to ,,morrisville1 population #cfci2 opposite ,trenton2 ,island off lower part was first ,pennsylvania land occupied by ,europeans1 #afbd2 first ferry1 #afdj4 8,summer ,seat10 built by ,thomas ,barkley1 #aggc1 conveyed to ,robert ,morris1 #agia1 still standing2 was ,washington's headquarters ,december #h to #ad1 #aggf2 ,lincoln ,highway enters ,pennsylvania here4 ,,fallsington1 ,friends ,meeting ,house and quaint old buildings4 ,return to ,philadelphia on ,bristol and ,frankford ,turnpike2 8,the ,king's ,highway10 laid out by ,provincial ,council1 first road cut through ,bucks ,county2 early milestones still standing2 pass ,wheat ,sheaf to ,pennsbury1 site of ,william ,penn's country house1 frames and other work brought from ,england2 he lived here one year4 ,,edgely1 greenhouses where 8,queen of ,edgely ,rose0 originated2 ,landreth's seed farms above ,,bristol1 population1 #aj1bgc1 named for ,bristol1 ,england1 home of ,william ,penn's wife1 ,hannah ,callowhill2 the ,keene house1 built by ,major ,lenox1 #ahaf1 ,american minister to ,england1 his niece1 ,sarah ,lukens ,keene1 inherited and died here1 bequeathing it to the ,protestant ,episcopal ,church of ,philadelphia1 in trust1 as home for aged gentlewomen2 ,st4 ,james' ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 built1 #agab1 has silver communion service presented by ,queen ,anne1 church was used for stable by cavalry during the ,revolution2 interesting burial ground1 tomb of ,captain ,john ,green of ,american ,navy1 said to have been first to carry the ,american flag in voyage around the world4 ,farmers' ,bank of ,bucks ,county1 ,radcliffe ,street1 ,grecian1 ,ionic1 built by ,james ,craig1 nephew of ,nicholas ,biddle1 for residence1 bought for bank1 #ahcj4 ,,langhorne1 residence of ,joseph ,richardson1 ,esq41 built1 #agch1 ,edge ,hill stone1 with white oak joists and rafters1 sawed by hand with pit saw1 now occupied by his descendants2 headquarters of ,lafayette and ,dr4 ,peter ,yarnall4 8,night after battle of ,trenton1 part of ,washington's army came to ,attleboro10 now ,langhorne3 old ,galloway ,house1 ,trevose1 residence of ,jeremiah ,langhorne1 part owner of ,durham ,furnace4 ,one mile east1 on ,lincoln ,highway1 is stone mansion1 one of the oldest in ,pennsylvania1 exterior is in original state1 residence of the late ,a4 ,haller ,gross1 ,esq41 notable for its art1 architecture1 and landscape gardening2 an addition1 in ,french chateau style1 built1 #aiaa1 has rooms and floors enriched by very beautiful tiles1 designed and made by ,dr4 ,henry ,c4 ,mercer2 his work is further shown on the terraces and gardens2 in a fountain of green enameled tiles2 the concrete balustrade1 and pavilion dragons and other devices are in the sunken ,moorish garden2 and in the ,italian garden1 with its pergola1 sun dial and fountain4 ,,byberry1 birthplace ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush in #agde1 house still standing2 and ,friends ,meeting ,house1 with large library4 ,,eddington1 ,st4 ,francis ,roman ,catholic ,industrial ,school1 built and endowed by the ,drexel family2 ,,cornwells1 8,castle of ,state in ,schuylkill02 ,,andalusia1 named by ,john ,craig1 ,philadelphia merchant1 in memory of successful ventures in ,spain2 here is ,church of the ,redeemer and ,king ,free ,library4 ,old ,red ,lion ,inn1 on the ,pike1 near three-arched stone bridge1 over ,poquessing ,creek1 ,washington's army encamped around it in #agha1 on march to ,yorktown2 seven years earlier1 ,massachusetts delegates to the ,first ,continental ,congress stopped here4 ,,torresdale1 ,philadelphia ,county1 place of fine residences2 ,eden ,hall now ,convent of ,st4 ,elizabeth4 ,,bustleton1 old ,baptist ,church1 with interesting burial ground4 ,over ,pennypack ,creek1 two arched stone bridge1 date1 #ahjj1 style has been reproduced in the ,fairmount ,park trolley bridges4 ,,holmesburg1 ,edwin ,forrest ,home1 8,spring ,brook10 and one hundred and eleven acres1 bequeathed by him1 for retired actors1 men and women2 bought in #ahfe for his country seat2 ,house of ,correction1 accommodates #ajjj2 well-kept grounds4 ,over ,pennypack ,creek1 stone bridge built #afig-h1 in good repair1 oldest in ,pennsylvania2 about a mile distant1 near ,rowland ,station1 is old ,crispin ,cemetery1 contains monument1 inscription1 8,in memory of ,thomas ,holmes1 died1 #afie1 age #ga1 ,surveyor ,general for ,william ,penn1 he drafted the plan and laid out the ,city of ,philadelphia40 ,,bridesburg1 ,united ,states ,arsenal4 ,,frankford1 site of a ,delaware ,indian ,camp1 on banks of ,frankford ,creek2 many arrowheads have been found in this locality2 ,indian names are retained at ,tacony1 ,tackawanna1 ,wissinoming2 an interesting ,roman ,catholic ,church1 ,gothic1 is at ,tacony1 also ,louis ,a4 ,burk's ,japanese garden and orchid farm4 ,swedes settled here in #affg1 and were followed by the ,english4 ,philadelphia delegates to the ,first ,continental ,congress came to ,frankford in #aggd to meet the ,massachusetts delegates on their way to the city1 and held a conference here relative to the ,independence of the colonies1 which decided the destiny of the nation4 ,in #agha ,general ,washington and his army marched through ,frankford from ,new ,york to ,yorktown2 a stop was made at the 8,jolly ,post ,hotel10 built1 #afhj1 on ,frankford ,avenue north of ,orthodox ,street4 ,in #ahbd ,lafayette passed through ,frankford from ,bristol to ,philadelphia1 riding in an open carriage drawn by six cream-colored horses1 with postilions2 he was escorted by a detachment of the ,city ,troop under command of ,captain ,albert ,ashmead1 ,captain of the ,philadelphia ,county ,troop2 the ,washington ,grays1 and several other companies of mounted volunteers4 ,rooms of the ,frankford ,historical ,society1 ,frankford ,avenue north of ,sellers ,street1 contain many objects of interest1 illustrating this locality in old times4 ,residence of ,commodore ,stephen ,decatur is on ,powder ,mill ,lane4 ,the old ,friends' ,meeting ,house1 corner of ,unity and ,waln ,streets1 was organized in #afhb2 first log church built1 #afih2 present building1 #agge4 ,rehoboth ,methodist ,church1 formed in #ahcj2 used the old ,academy2 the ,supreme ,court met here in #ahjj2 now on ,paul ,street below ,unity ,street2 present building ,spanish architecture1 dark brick1 erected1 #ahgi4 ,st4 ,mark's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church was a ,mission of ,trinity1 ,oxford2 started in #agji2 present church1 ,frankford ,avenue below ,sellers ,street1 erected in #aijh2 ,english1 ,fourteenth century ,gothic2 ,port ,deposit granite with ,indiana limestone trimmings2 architects1 ,watson and ,huckle2 windows by ,d',ascenzo and ,tiffany4 ,frankford ,presbyterian ,church1 corner of ,frankford ,avenue and ,church ,street1 was originally ,german ,reformed2 corner-stone laid1 #aggj2 for many years the church was supplied with a preacher from the ,market ,square ,church1 ,germantown2 present building erected1 #ahei2 architect1 ,mc,arthur4 ,st4 ,joachim's ,roman ,catholic ,church1 corner of ,church and ,franklin ,streets1 built1 #ahgd2 ,gothic1 brownstone and sandstone2 has a very beautiful tower1 resembling that of ,magdalen ,college1 ,oxford2 architect1 ,edwin ,durang2 contains three carved marble altars2 also a large mosaic1 and memorial windows from ,munich4 ,automobile1 north from ,centre ,bridge1 ,river ,road1 to ,,durham1 commands some of the most beautiful views in eastern ,pennsylvania2 through ,,lumberville1 ,devil's ,half ,acre2 right1 at ,like ,kiln1 site of important ,indian fishing village1 many relics have been found here4 ,,point ,,pleasant1 mouth of ,tohickon ,creek1 ,indians quarried argillite rock for blade material2 ,,ridges ,,island1 ,indian village site2 grave of ,edward ,marshall of the 8,indian ,walk10 in his family graveyard4 ,tinicum ,creek1 picturesque gorges1 ringing rocks1 cliffs of the narrows1 with fine view from ,table ,rock1 very rare 8ice plant0 grows here4 ,hill ,presbyterian ,church1 built1 #agfa1 on ,durham ,road near ,,ottsville4 ,,kintersville1 ruins of ,durham ,furnace1 built1 #agbg1 stone1 thirty-five feet square at base1 thirty feet high2 large leather bellows used to give the blast1 were operated by a water wheel2 charcoal fuel was made in pits close at hand2 in #ageh1 ,durham was regarded as best iron works in the country2 in #aggc1 one thousand acres were reserved for the furnace2 fire backs and stove plates were made here until #agid1 when it blew out2 eight genuine1 ,durham fire backs are at 8,stenton10 ,germantown1 home of ,james ,logan1 who was one-fourth owner of the furnace1 three bear the date1 #agbh2 cannon balls for the ,revolutionary war were made here in quantities1 specimens may be seen in the ,bucks ,county ,historical ,society2 in #aggc ,joseph ,galloway became first individual owner1 it then comprised over eight thousand acres1 and was leased to ,george ,taylor1 at one time a filler at the furnace2 he later was a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence2 scanty remains of the once celebrated ,durham ,cave1 destroyed for its limestone as flux for iron ore4 ,the road passes site of ,indian village of ,pechequeolin1 jasper quarries worked by ,indians for arrowheads on neighboring ,rattlesnake ,hill4 ,fine old stone arch bridges over ,tohickon and ,durham ,creeks4 ,,riegelsville1 old ,reformed and ,lutheran ,churches4 ,places of interest in ,bucks ,county1 north and west of ,doylestown1 via ,easton and ,dublin ,turnpikes1 ,,plumsteadville1 beautiful views of ,haycock ,mountain1 and upper county1 ,moses ,doan's grave1 marked with inscription2 west1 ,,dublin to ,,hilltown1 two ,mennonite and ,amish meeting houses1 stone arch bridge over ,deep ,run4 ,,perkasie1 ,trinity ,lutheran ,church1 mural painting in chancel1 8,angel with ,trinity ,symbol10 the late ,h4 ,hanley ,parker1 artist4 ,illustration3 ,,chester ,,county ,,iii ,,chester ,,county ,third county formed by ,william ,penn2 named for ,chester1 ,england4 ,this is rich agricultural district2 its broad well-kept farms1 great gray barns1 and comfortable homesteads of stone or brick1 many still occupied by descendants of the original ,quaker settlers2 together with the gently rolling surface of the country and its many beautiful streams1 all combine to give the county a character of its own1 of quiet pastoral charm4 ,both the family names and place names indicate in a general way the character of the original settlement of the county1 ,birmingham1 ,bradford1 ,marlborough1 and ,kennett indicating the settlements of the ,english ,quakers in the central and southern portion of the county3 ,tredyffrin and ,berwyn1 those of the ,welsh in the east2 while the ,germans came later into parts of the north2 and the ,scotch-,irish ,presbyterians into the southwest4 ,the ,lincoln ,highway1 ,lancaster ,pike1 enters the county at ,,strafford2 ,st4 ,peter's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 built1 #ahbc2 ,eagle schoolhouse1 #aggb1 on site of ,lutheran log church1 #agfg1 one of the cradles of the nation in education2 now contains historical library and relics of the neighborhood2 site1 of 8,spread ,eagle ,inn10 built1 #agcb1 post and relay station4 ,,paoli1 #ece feet above sea1 ,tredyffrin township4 8,the ,general ,paoli ,inn10 built by ,general ,joshua ,evans1 who was elected to ,state ,legislature1 #ahbj2 recruiting went on briskly here for ,war of #ahab4 ,road southwest to ,west ,chester1 nine miles4 ,one mile south of ,paoli1 colonial homestead1 8,waynesborough10 birthplace of ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 built1 #agbd1 in original condition1 now residence of ,captain ,william ,wayne2 contains many relics of the ,general2 ,lafayette was guest here one night2 marked with bronze tablet2 near ,paoli is ,great ,valley ,baptist ,church1 second oldest in state1 built by ,rev4 ,hugh ,davis1 from ,wales1 #agbb2 present church1 #ahje2 interesting burial ground4 ,,duffrynmawr ,post ,office1 8,the ,green ,tree10 ,george ,king1 builder and host1 died #agib1 native blue limestone1 stopping place for ,mennonites and ,amish4 ,,malvern1 terminus of the ,west ,chester ,railroad in #ahcc1 cars were then drawn by horses2 8,the ,warren ,inn10 stopping place for ,lancaster ,county ,germans1 sold to ,john ,penn1 #aggf2 ,british army quartered here before ,paoli ,massacre2 in #aghf1 sold to ,casper ,fahnestock1 member of ,german ,mystic ,community at ,ephrata2 three fugitive ,french princes were here in #aghi1 ,louis ,phillipe1 ,duke de ,montpensier1 and ,count de ,beaujolais4 ,one mile southwest of ,malvern1 site of ,paoli ,massacre1 #aggg2 two monuments1 marble1 #ahag1 granite1 #ahgg1 same inscriptions1 erected by ,republican ,artillerists of ,chester ,county and citizens2 here ,general ,wayne's company1 fifteen hundred men1 were surprised by a greatly superior force of ,british under ,general ,grey1 and charged with bayonet before they could arm for defense2 ,wayne saved his artillery4 ,,downingtown1 birthplace of ,jacob ,eicholtz1 artist4 ,illustration3 ,,bronze ,,tablet ,,in ,,boulder ,this is located on the farm of ,dr4 ,thomas ,g4 ,ashton1 near ,willistown ,designed by ,paul ,p4 ,cret 8,general ,george ,washington ,inn0 known as ,downings1 now a dwelling4 ,interesting colonial mansion of the ,thomas family1 well preserved1 now1 ,public ,library4 8,the ,ship ,tavern0 one mile west1 old sign perforated with bullet holes by ,continental soldiers1 now a residence4 ,old gray stone bridge across the ,east ,brandywine1 built1 #agda4 ,two miles north1 near ,guthrieville1 birthplace of ,thomas ,buchanan ,read in #ahbb1 poet and artist2 marked1 bronze tablet4 ,on the limestone road1 following ,indian trail1 leading from ,parkesburg to ,oxford and south1 are ,faggs ,manor1 six miles northeast of ,oxford1 classical school1 established1 #agci2 marked1 bronze tablet4 ,st4 ,john's ,presbyterian ,church1 early burial ground2 ,whitefield stood under the old oak trees4 ,an interesting early highway known as the 8,street ,road10 laid out in part by ,william ,penn1 has almost the directness and width of a ,roman road2 entering the county near ,westtown1 and crossing ,brandywine ,creek at ,pocopson1 to ,london ,grove1 original name1 ,marlborough2 ,street1 stately old ,quaker ,meeting ,house at ,london ,grove2 wonderful oak trees4 ,,west ,,chester1 county seat1 formed1 #aghf1 population #aa1gag4 ,in one block1 ,high ,street between ,gay and ,market ,streets1 are good specimens of the three great orders of ,grecian architecture1 designed by ,thomas ,u4 ,walter1 architect of ,capitol at ,washington2 ,national ,bank of ,chester ,county1 built1 #ahcf1 ,doric1 white marble2 ,first ,national ,bank1 ,ionic1 white marble2 the ,court ,house1 ,corinthian1 built1 #ahdg1 ,pictou stone2 on ,court ,house lawn is ,soldiers' ,monument to ,civil ,war patriots1 bronze figure1 granite base1 erected1 #aiae2 sculptor1 ,harry ,lewis ,raul4 ,public ,library1 ,north ,church ,street1 memorial to ,bayard ,taylor1 contains interesting collection of his manuscripts2 8,the ,story of ,kennett10 his books1 sketches1 and other relics2 also marble bust of ,general ,anthony ,wayne2 sculptor1 ,w4 ,marshall ,swayne4 ,the new ,library of the ,state ,normal ,school contains portrait of ,washington by ,peale1 painted at ,valley ,forge2 historic autograph letters2 ,indian stone relics2 large herbarium2 and small permanent collection of original paintings1 among them works by ,hugh ,breckenridge and ,mary ,butler2 annual exhibitions of modern paintings and sculpture are held2 ,della ,robbia reproductions in auditorium2 ,chester ,county ,historical ,society rooms are here1 containing many interesting local historical collections2 addresses on subjects of local historic interest are frequently given1 and published in their bulletins4 ,churches noteworthy for architecture1 ,holy ,trinity1 ,protestant ,episcopal1 ,south ,high ,street1 native serpentine stone1 ,gothic2 and ,westminster ,presbyterian1 ,south ,church ,street1 tower suggests famous one of ,magdalen ,college1 ,oxford4 ,at north end of ,high ,street1 stone drinking fountain1 surmounted by bronze figure of boy1 sculptor1 ,martha ,j4 ,cornwell2 placed by ,new ,century ,club4 ,marshall ,square1 a public park1 contains rare collection of trees4 ,west ,chester1 noted for men of repute in scientific world1 was the residence of the late ,dr4 ,joseph ,trimble ,rothrock2 in #ahic he drew up a bill creating a ,forestry ,commission1 to investigate and report upon the forestry conditions of ,pennsylvania1 this bill was passed1 and in #ahie he was appointed ,commissioner of ,forestry4 ,favorite drives1 with succession of beautiful vistas1 are along the ,east ,brandywine from ,downingtown south1 and ,west ,brandywine1 from ,mortonville south4 ,at ,,mortonville1 three miles southeast of ,coatesville1 is fine1 old1 gray stone bridge1 with four arches1 graduated in width1 and rounded buttresses2 built1 #ahbf4 ,following the stream1 and crossing several picturesque wooden covered bridges1 through ,,embreeville1 a half mile east of which is ,point ,lookout1 where sentries were posted to guard supplies for ,american ,encampment at ,valley ,forge2 marked by ,chester ,county ,chapter of the ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution2 opposite is 8,star ,gazers' ,stone10 set by ,mason and ,dixon1 #agfd1 in running a base line for boundary between ,pennsylvania and ,maryland2 here they made various astronomical observations2 calculated the force of gravity2 and measured a degree of latitude on the earth's surface southward2 this stone was walled and marked1 with bronze tablet4 ,several places in the vicinity1 connected with the ,lenni-,lenape ,indians1 are also marked2 in ,county ,home1 grounds1 grave of ,indian ,hannah1 last of her race in this county2 site of her cabin half mile south of ,,northbrook2 ,indian cemetery half mile west of ,northbrook2 and ,indian ,rock1 just west of ,northbrook2 from the latter point the ,indian chief1 ,checochinican1 claimed that land had been reconveyed to the tribe up to source of stream1 a mile on either side2 these negotiations1 in the picturesque language used by the chief1 are among the records of the provincial assembly2 ,okehocking1 ,indian ,town1 has been marked by tablet4 ,just east of ,northbrook1 birthplace of ,humphry ,marshall1 botanist2 two miles north1 at ,,marshallton1 adjoining his old home1 is interesting arboretum1 still containing many trees planted by him2 marked with bronze tablet4 ,continue drive to ,,lenape1 amusement park1 where ,east ,branch of the ,brandywine1 from ,downingtown1 unites with western2 down main stream1 skirting1 just above ,pocopson1 a beautiful spot1 ,dungeon ,bottom2 and passing several antique1 covered1 wooden bridges1 to ,,chadds ,,ford2 here the ranks of ,british1 ,hessians1 and ,continentals charged to and fro at ,battle of ,brandywine1 ,september #aa1 #aggg2 two miles northeast1 old ,,birmingham meeting house1 used as hospital by troops1 and center of some of the fiercest fighting2 many points connected with the battle were marked with tablets by ,chester ,county ,historical ,society1 in connection with ,state ,historical ,commission1 in #aiae4 ,on ,state ,highway1 six miles west of ,chadds ,ford1 ,kennett ,square1 birthplace of ,bayard ,taylor1 poet and traveler1 and his later home 8,cedar-,croft10 built by him1 one mile south1 both marked with bronze tablets2 he was buried at ,longwood ,meeting ,house1 about two miles east2 artistic monument1 a cylindrical stone2 at this meeting house1 of 8,progressive ,friends10 many prominent leaders of anti-slavery spoke before the ,civil ,war4 ,this region was center of anti-slavery sentiment1 many of the old ,quaker homesteads were stations of the so-called 8underground railroad10 by which fugitive slaves were protected and carried ,illustration3 ,,bayard ,,taylor ,,monument1 ,,longwood northward4 ,half mile north of ,longwood ,meeting ,house is 8,pierce's ,park10 now owned by ,pierre du ,pont1 ,esq41 contains wonderful trees1 planted over a century ago by ,samuel and ,joshua ,pierce1 who rode on horseback to the ,dismal ,swamp for cypresses and brought them home in saddlebags4 ,mr4 du ,pont has recently added an unusually beautiful flower garden and conservatory2 visitors admitted free on week days4 ,,kennett ,,square1 ,bayard ,taylor ,memorial ,library1 contains first editions of his books1 his paintings1 and his drawings2 also busts of ,bayard ,taylor and ,john ,welsh2 sculptor1 ,w4 ,marshall ,swayne4 ,in ,advent ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 memorial window to ,bayard ,taylor4 ,ten miles southwest1 ,,new ,,london ,academy1 founded1 #agdc1 marked by bronze tablet2 here were educated three signers of the ,declaration of ,independence1 ,thomas ,mc,kean1 ,george ,reed1 and ,james ,smith1 and other men of prominence4 ,other places of interest1 in north of county1 are ,,valley ,,forge1 chiefly in ,montgomery ,county4 ,,ph,,nixville1 population #aj1dhd2 farthest inland point reached by ,british1 ,september #ba-bb-bc1 #aggg2 marked by low granite monument opposite ,fountain ,inn4 ,st4 ,peter's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 stone2 stained glass windows by ,meyer ,bros41 ,munich1 ,germany2 ,parish ,house interior designed by the late ,george ,wattress1 pure ,english1 dark oak1 with tiled floors2 early ,iron ,industry1 ,phnix ,iron ,company1 marked1 bronze tablet4 ,ten miles northwest of ,phnixville is ,,coventryville1 old ,coventry ,forge1 #agag1 earliest in county1 second in ,pennsylvania2 ,mordecai ,lincoln1 ancestor of ,abraham ,lincoln1 worked here and was part owner in #agbe4 ,,warwick1 ,warwick ,furnace1 ,potts and ,rutter1 proprietors1 #agcg2 here was cast the first ,franklin stove1 and others with quaint designs and ,biblical verses2 cannon and cannon balls were made here for the ,revolutionary ,army2 marked4 ,seven miles west of ,phnixville1 at ,,chester ,,springs1 is summer art school of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts1 forty acres1 with buildings for studios1 and lodging houses for the students2 one of these buildings was used as a ,revolutionary ,hospital1 marked2 former name1 8,yellow ,springs10 a watering resort in colonial days4 ,marking on all places has been by the ,chester ,county ,historical ,society unless otherwise stated4 ,,iv ,,lancaster ,,county ,formed ,may #aj1 #agbi1 by request of the proprietaries1 on site of an ,indian village2 it was named for ,lancashire1 ,england1 derived from ,lan-,castra1 the ,camp at ,lan1 permanent camp of ,roman occupation of ,britain two thousand years ago4 ,earliest settlers1 ,swiss ,mennonites1 who1 in #agaj1 had warrants for ten thousand acres of land on ,pequea ,creek2 leader1 ,bishop ,hans ,herr2 his stone house1 built by himself on this tract1 is still standing1 with initials and date cut over front door1 8,c4 ,h4 ,h4 #agai40 ,a fine ,mennonite meeting house1 lately built1 is here2 on the grounds is huge boulder1 marked by the ,lancaster ,county ,historical ,society4 ,this is the richest agricultural county in the ,united ,states1 of unexampled fertility2 the tourist is impressed with the mammoth barns of this region2 luxuriant crops of tobacco are of special note4 ,the ,conestoga ,river1 with its affluents1 drains an area of #cae square miles1 it is crossed by many bridges4 ,on the border of the city limits is a nine arch stone bridge1 built by ,abraham ,witmer in #ahjj1 which leads the ,lincoln ,highway over the ,conestoga4 ,at ,pequea is ,st4 ,john's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 according to a quaint old ,vestry ,book 8,built of wood in #agbi1 to perform ,divine ,adoration 444 after ye manner of ye ,episcopal ,church of ,england10 the itinerant missionaries of the ,society for the ,propagation of the ,gospel of ,england holding service2 cornerstone ,illustration3 ,,lancaster ,,county of present church building was laid by ,bishop ,onderdonk1 the rector at that time being ,rev4 ,edward ,young ,buchanan1 brother of ,president ,james ,buchanan2 the parish possesses two vestry books of great historic value4 ,most famous group of historic buildings are those erected by the ,seventh ,day ,baptists1 founded by ,conrad ,beisel in #agbb1 at ,,ephrata1 on the ,cocalico2 monastery still in original condition1 with cells and rooms2 and the adjoining chapel little changed2 the brothers and sisters lived1 each in their narrow cell1 like monks of the ,middle ,ages2 a printing press was set up in #agdc1 on which were printed the largest books in ,america prior to #ahfj2 first ,sunday schools in ,america were said to have been started here in #agdj2 and ,henry ,william ,steigel introduced glass making4 ,joining the ,cloister ,settlement is ,clare ,point ,stock ,farm1 now occupied by the ,redemptorist ,fathers1 a ,roman ,catholic order1 founded in #agcb by ,st4 ,alphonsus ,maria ,leguori1 in ,italy2 of strict discipline and singleness of purpose1 designed to work among neglected country people2 this is their only mission in ,pennsylvania4 ,county seat1 ,,lancaster1 #dah feet above sea1 population #ec1aej2 laid out by ,governor ,gordon in #agcj2 near by is the ,conestoga ,river1 named by ,conestoga ,indians1 a tribe of the ,delawares2 the ,dutch who lived here invented the wagon1 with big covered tops1 drawn by six horses1 and named it for the river4 ,it is said that here was first given to ,washington the title 8,des ,landes ,vater40 ,this is a square city1 lines run north and south1 east and west1 with outlying districts2 one1 ,rossmere1 was named in honor of ,george ,ross1 a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence4 ,the ,continental ,congress arrived here from ,philadelphia the very day ,sir ,william ,howe entered that city2 the next day they moved to ,york4 ,this was the ,capital of the ,state from #agii-ahab1 and birthplace of ,simon ,snyder1 ,governor of ,pennsylvania #ahjh-ahag4 ,in center of ,penn ,square is a monument to soldiers and sailors of the ,civil ,war4 ,one block away is the court house1 on ,east ,king ,street1 built about #ahej2 architect1 ,samuel ,sloan2 ,corinthian2 contains portraits of ,hon4 ,isaac ,e4 ,hiester by ,isaac ,williams1 and ,hon4 ,w4 ,u4 ,hensel by ,lazare ,raditz1 ,philadelphia4 ,jail1 ,east ,king ,street1 ,norman castellated1 red sandstone1 built1 #ahej1 architect1 ,john ,haviland4 ,fountain1 ,east ,king ,street1 on reservoir grounds1 made1 #aije1 memorial to ,john ,williamson ,nevin2 bronze lion1 sculptor1 ,blanche ,nevin4 ,michael ,schlatter and ,henry ,melchior ,muhlenberg1 leaders of the ,reformed and ,lutheran ,germans1 were in favor of higher education1 and established ,franklin ,college in #aghg1 forming the beginning of ,franklin and ,marshall ,college2 built on an eminence west of city2 main building ,elizabethan1 brick1 built1 #ahed-ee1 with beautiful entrance door1 contains portraits4 ,in the ,watts de ,peyster ,library are bronze busts of the father and mother of ,general de ,peyster4 ,st4 ,stephen's ,chapel has memorial window to ,rev4 ,john ,w4 ,nevin1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d41 made by ,armstrong1 ,new ,york4 ,on the campus is bronze heroic statue of ,abraham de ,peyster1 made in ,new ,york1 #ahie1 replica of one facing ,new ,york ,custom ,house4 ,the ,illustration3 ,,main ,,building ,,franklin ,,and ,,marshall ,,college1 ,,lancaster scientific building contains oil paintings1 among them one by ,j4 ,d4 ,wiltkamp1 8,the ,three ,women of ,grve-,coeur40 ,buchanan ,park1 opened1 #aije1 joins the college campus and grounds of the ,reformed ,theological ,seminary4 8,wheatland10 residence of ,president ,james ,buchanan1 is near1 on ,marietta ,pike1 colonial1 brick1 built prior to #ahab4 ,st4 ,joseph's ,hospital and ,roman ,catholic ,church are near college2 hospital contains portrait of ,henry ,e4 ,muhlenberg1 ,m4,d41 by ,caroline ,peart ,brinton2 the church windows are from ,munich and ,innspruck4 ,among ,lancaster's numerous churches are1 the ,moravian1 ,west ,orange ,street1 rear part stone1 built1 #agej1 oldest in the city1 brick front added1 #ahbj4 ,first ,reformed1 ,east ,orange ,street1 brick2 ,romanesque2 built1 #aheb-ed2 two steeples1 contains lectern and other pieces of woodcarving by ,a4 ,lang of ,oberammergau1 nephew of ,anton ,lang1 made1 #aije2 decorations by ,j4 ,f4 ,lamb1 ,new ,york2 windows from ,tiffany and ,d',ascenzo studios2 bronze memorial tablet by ,martha ,hovenden4 ,st4 ,james ,protestant ,episcopal1 corner of ,east ,orange and ,north ,duke ,streets1 ,norman1 brick2 main walls built1 #ahbj1 added to #ahgj and #aiaj2 chancel windows from ,england1 others by ,lamb and the ,tiffany ,studios1 ,new ,york2 oil painting1 8,the ,crucifixion10 artist1 ,jacob ,eicholtz2 pictorial tile base at altar1 by ,dr4 ,henry ,mercer2 in parish house is fifteenth century oil painting1 ,urbanean ,school4 ,st4 ,anthony's ,roman ,catholic1 ,east ,orange ,street1 bronze altar and statues from ,oux et ,cie1 ,paris2 frescoes by ,ludwig ,reingruber are adaptations of old masters4 ,trinity ,lutheran1 ,south ,duke ,street1 brick2 fine old ,georgian style1 compares with ,christ ,church1 ,philadelphia2 built1 #agfa2 tower and spire added1 #agid2 wood sculpture1 four evangelists1 at base of tower2 original pipe organ built1 #agga1 was utilized in new organ2 memorial windows by the ,tiffany ,company1 and by ,joseph ,lauber1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,fulton ,opera ,house1 ,prince ,street between ,orange and ,west ,king ,streets1 on site of massacre of ,conestoga ,indians by ,paxtang boys in #agfc1 over entrance1 life-size statue1 carved wood1 of ,robert ,fulton1 made1 #aheb1 sculptor1 ,hugh ,cannon3 the ,lancaster ,county ,historical ,society placed a tablet on the wall of ,robert ,fulton's birthplace1 built1 #agfe2 southern part of ,lancaster ,county1 ,fulton ,township1 ,a4 ,herr ,smith1 ,memorial ,free ,library1 ,north ,duke ,street2 ,italian villa style2 contains portraits of notable men identified with ,lancaster ,county4 ,post ,office and ,revenue ,building1 ,north ,duke ,street1 ,italian ,renaissance2 ,indiana limestone2 built by ,united ,states ,government4 ,guaranty ,trust ,company1 ,north ,duke ,street1 ,ionic1 marble1 built1 #aiab4 ,the ,henry ,g4 ,long ,asylum1 corner of ,marietta and ,west ,end ,avenues1 contains two portraits by ,jacob ,eicholtz4 ,the ,iris ,club1 founded by ,miss ,alice ,nevin1 has annual exhibition of paintings4 ,in ,woodward ,hill ,cemetery1 southern part of city1 on the ,conestoga1 is tomb of ,president ,james ,buchanan4 ,greenwood ,cemetery1 end of ,south ,queen ,street1 has stone entrance1 made1 #ahie1 by ,rothenberger4 ,tomb of ,thaddeus ,stevens1 white and black marble and granite1 is in ,shreiner burial ground4 ,west ,chestnut ,street1 corner of ,shippen and ,ross ,streets1 is inclosure and small brick monument topped by stone sphere1 site of ,george ,ross's mansion4 ,bountiful markets held on the curbs1 as well as in the market houses1 are a distinctive and picturesque feature of the town2 the presence of the ,mennonite1 ,amish1 and other sects lends a peculiar aspect to the scene4 ,near ,rockford1 south1 is brick colonial mansion1 built before #agge1 residence of the ,revolutionary general1 ,edward ,hand1 marked with tablet by local ,historical ,society4 ,the birthplace of ,dr4 ,david ,ramsey1 historian1 built1 #agdi1 is still standing4 ,williamson ,park1 end of ,south ,drake ,street1 on ,conestoga ,river1 acquired by gift in #aijb1 has wild scenic beauty4 ,long's ,park on ,harrisburg ,pike1 two miles from city1 acquired by gift1 scenic1 opened1 #aijc4 ,between ,mount ,joy and ,maytown is ,donegal ,presbyterian ,church1 built prior to the ,revolution1 a quaint building with gambrel roof2 interesting burial ground with the witness tree2 ,cameron family bury here4 ,,donegal was an early ,scotch-,irish settlement4 ,under the oak witness tree the 8,sons of ,donegal0 dedicated their lives to their country in the ,revolutionary ,war4 ,tablet records their names1 among them ,james ,stephenson1 #aggj1 whose granddaughter ,sarah married ,david ,mc,kinley1 ancestor of ,president ,william ,mc,kinley4 ,,lititz1 settled by ,moravians1 #agdh1 has ,moravian boarding school for girls1 8,linden ,hall10 founded1 #agdi2 in the town park are the famous ,lititz ,springs2 ,lititz is also famous for pretzels1 first made by ,william ,rauch in #agaj4 ,,manheim1 laid out by ,henry ,william ,steigel1 #agfb1 was named for his ,german home town2 here he built a large glass factory1 first in the ,united ,states2 skilled workmen from ,europe were employed2 a few rare specimens of this glass1 owned by collectors1 show fineness of quality1 richness of color1 and a peculiar bell-like ring1 some specimens are in the ,danner ,museum1 open ,tuesdays1 free1 to visitors1 which outrivals some1 more noted1 in the rarity and variety of its collections3 in #aggb ,steigel gave to the ,lutherans at ,manheim a piece of ground on which to build a church2 payment to be five shillings and an annual rental of one red rose2 on the second ,sunday in ,june1 crowds attend the ,baron ,steigel ,memorial ,church1 and at these services a descendant of the ,steigels receives the red rose2 the chancel is often filled with red roses dropped there individually as a tribute2 in #ageb ,steigel had married a daughter of ,john ,jacob ,huber1 who owned a small iron furnace near ,brickerville1 he purchased land and became interested in several furnaces1 one he named for his wife1 8,elizabeth02 the ,elizabeth furnace1 in #aggf1 came into possession of ,robert ,coleman of ,lebanon1 in #aggg it was overtaxed with large orders of shot and shell for the ,continental ,army1 and the government sent about two hundred ,hessian prisoners1 taken at ,trenton1 to work there2 many remained and became good citizens4 ,mr4 ,coleman's residence was at ,elizabeth furnace1 here he entertained ,washington as his guest1 who1 at his request1 sat for a portrait to ,gilbert ,stuart1 which is now owned by ,b4 ,dawson ,coleman1 ,esq4 ,lancaster ,county furnaces in the ,conestoga ,valley1 ,caernarvon ,township1 were owned by ,david ,jones in #agcf2 old mines are still there that bear his name2 in #agdc ,david ,branson built the ,windsor forges1 in the same township2 among his partners was ,lynford ,lardner1 who married his daughter ,rebecca4 ,on the banks of ,furnace ,run1 near ,colemanville1 may be seen an old cinder heap1 which is all that remains of the ,martic ,furnace1 built #agea-eb on #cdjj acres of land1 with the usual houses and shops2 during the ,revolution1 round iron was drawn under the hammer at the forge1 and bored out for musket barrels2 negro slaves were always employed here2 among the past owners of this furnace1 from #aggg-ic1 was a ,philadelphia merchant1 ,michael ,hillegas1 who became first ,continental treasurer in #agge2 in #aggg he was appointed first treasurer of the ,united ,states and continued in that office until #aghi4 ,near1 just below ,safe ,harbor1 in the ,susquehanna ,river1 is ,indian ,rock1 with a number of inscriptions on it1 the writing may be seen when water is low2 same writing is found in ,beaver ,county4 ,the bridge over the ,susquehanna ,river from ,columbia to ,wrightsville has been replaced several times1 one was burned to stem the tide of the ,confederates4 ,at ,elizabethtown are the ,masonic ,homes of ,pennsylvania1 on #ihb acres1 with ,grand ,lodge ,hall1 #dcg feet long by #afj feet wide1 seventeen dwelling houses1 and other buildings4 ,georgian architecture1 designed by ,zantzinger1 ,borie and ,medary4 ,illustration3 ,,york ,,county ,v ,,york ,,county ,formed ,august #i1 #agdi2 named for the ,house of ,york1 ,england4 ,an agricultural region of great fertility4 ,first authorized settlements were made in #agcc4 ,before the white settlers came1 the territory west of the ,susquehanna ,river was hunting ground for the ,conestoga ,indians1 a branch of the ,mohawks1 who migrated to ,new ,york ,state about #agej2 also for the ,susquehannocks and ,conewagos1 who had their village at present site of ,york ,haven4 ,when a treaty with the ,indians at ,albany1 in #agcf1 gave ,penn's heirs right to the territory from west of the ,susquehanna to the ,south ,mountain1 immigrants from ,europe flocked into ,york ,county1 in vast numbers1 and proved a strong and influential part of the population4 ,during the colonial period four companies of soldiers from this county assisted in driving the ,french and ,indians from the western part of the province before #ageh4 ,at beginning of the ,revolutionary ,war it is said that the first military company from ,pennsylvania that arrived at ,washington's headquarters1 siege of ,boston1 in #agge1 shortly after ,battle of ,bunker ,hill1 were from ,york ,county2 this company1 and one commanded by ,captain ,morgan of ,virginia1 were first ,american troops to use rifles2 they became the terror of the ,british regulars1 who still used the old-time flint musket4 ,when the ,british attacked ,new ,york ,city and the ,battle of ,long ,island followed1 ,pennsylvania troops camped at ,perth ,amboy2 here two regiments from ,york ,county were formed out of the militia2 and became a part of the ,flying ,camp1 a body of ten thousand men from ,pennsylvania1 ,virginia1 and ,maryland1 which joined ,washington before the ,battle of ,white ,plains2 they were also in the battles of ,princeton and ,trenton4 ,colonel ,thomas ,hartley1 a member of ,york ,county bar1 commanded a brigade under ,washington at battles of ,brandywine and ,germantown2 and after the ,revolution he represented ,york ,county in ,congress for twelve years2 he was first member of the ,pennsylvania bar to be admitted to the ,supreme ,court of the ,united ,states4 ,president ,washington was entertained in his house in #agia1 site marked by tablet4 ,shortly before the ,battle of ,brandywine1 ,september #bg1 #aggg1 the ,continental ,congress adjourned from ,independence ,hall to meet in ,lancaster2 they were there one day1 then crossed the ,susquehanna and made ,,yorktown the seat of government until ,june #bg1 #aggh1 when they returned to ,philadelphia4 ,twenty-five ,congressmen came on horseback over the old ,monocacy ,road1 and took up quarters in the town and vicinity4 ,the personnel of ,congress was constantly changing2 no less than sixty-four different members were present from first to last4 ,the mansion1 corner of ,center ,square1 where the ,colonial ,hotel now stands1 had been rented to ,general ,roberdeau2 quarters were found there for the leading ,congressmen1 ,adams1 ,lee1 ,harrison1 ,laurens1 and others4 ,john ,adams1 in letters to his wife ,abigail1 complained of his straitened quarters1 and the ,dutch cooking4 ,james ,smith1 a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence1 gave his law office in ,center ,square to be used by the ,committee of ,foreign ,affairs2 and the ,board of ,war4 ,the noted chest of papers1 belonging to ,congress1 which ,john ,adams declared 8was worth more than ,congress itself10 was kept by ,thomas ,paine at the ,cooke's ,house1 a house of entertainment1 still standing1 in the bend of ,codorus ,creek1 then away from town2 here he wrote parts five and six of 8,the ,crisis40 ,on ,september #cj1 #aggg1 with ,john ,hancock as ,president of ,congress1 the first session was held in the brick court house1 built1 #agef2 site marked by ,yorktown ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution2 soon after ,congress assembled here1 news was brought of the surrender of ,burgoyne to ,general ,gates1 with six thousand ,british and ,hessian troops1 at ,saratoga4 ,a motion1 made by ,richard ,henry ,lee of ,virginia1 to set apart a day for ,thanksgiving was unanimously adopted2 ,thursday1 ,december #ah1 #aggg1 was appointed1 and a few days later this historic document was written1 and sent by post riders to the governors of each of the thirteen original states2 this was the first national ,thanksgiving proclamation in ,america1 in the sense of its observation1 on the same date1 by the thirteen states4 ,soon after1 ,general ,lafayette arrived in ,yorktown and was received in open session by ,congress2 the victory of ,general ,gates had made him the hero of the hour2 ,washington had been defeated at ,brandywine and ,germantown1 and gone into winter quarters at ,valley ,forge2 knowing that a large number of the delegates in ,congress at ,yorktown favored a plan to displace him from the head of the army1 and promote ,general ,gates to that position1 ,washington never visited ,congress here2 he wrote a private letter to ,robert ,morris1 saying1 8,if ,congress adjourns1 sine die1 ,i wish it understood1 ,i will oppose ,british invasion1 in the mountains of ,pennsylvania and ,virginia1 rather than give up our cause for ,independence1 promulgated ,july #d1 #aggf02 this historic letter was read at an open meeting in ,zion ,reformed ,church4 ,congress called ,general ,gates to ,york1 and made him ,president of the ,board of ,war2 he gave a banquet at his headquarters2 among the guests was ,lafayette1 twenty-one years of age2 speeches were made favoring the promotion of ,gates to position of general in chief of the army1 when ,lafayette arose and offered the following toast3 8,to ,general ,george ,washington1 head of the ,american ,army2 may he continue to hold that position until a ,treaty of ,peace is signed with ,england1 acknowledging the freedom of this country1 in whose cause ,i am listed for its defense40 ,it was this incident that caused the collapse of the ,conway ,cabal1 instigated by ,general ,conway1 opponent of ,washington and friend of ,gates4 ,lafayette visited ,york in #ahbe1 then sixty-eight years old1 and last surviving ,major ,general of the ,revolution2 he stopped overnight at ,mc,grath's ,hotel1 on site of the ,rupp ,building1 where a reception and banquet were given him2 among the toasts was1 8,lafayette1 we love him as a man1 hail him as a deliverer1 revere him as a champion of freedom1 and welcome him as a guest02 to which he responded1 8,the ,town of ,york1 the seat of our ,american ,union in our most gloomy time2 may her citizens enjoy a proportionate share of ,american prosperity40 ,at request of ,washington1 ,baron ,steuben came to ,yorktown early in #aggh1 and was immediately appointed to the rank of major-general2 from here he went to ,valley ,forge and began to drill and discipline the ,army1 in the military tactics used by ,frederick the ,great4 ,in ,may1 #aggh1 a nephew of ,general ,putnam1 who crossed the ,atlantic in the ,mercury1 a fast flying vessel of ,congress1 which landed at ,portsmouth1 ,new ,hampshire1 brought a letter to ,henry ,laurens of ,south ,carolina1 ,president of ,congress1 from ,benjamin ,franklin1 saying1 8,the ,king of ,france has resolved to send #fjj1jjj in silver1 an army and a fleet1 to aid the ,americans in their struggle for ,liberty40 ,the ,articles of ,confederation were formed here1 and adopted in ,philadelphia the following ,june4 ,much ,continental money was ordered by ,congress1 which was printed in a house1 at the corner of ,market and ,beaver ,streets1 marked by tablet4 ,penn ,park has a soldiers' monument1 to men of ,york ,county in ,civil ,war2 this has been the scene of many military gatherings2 several insubordinates of the ,pennsylvania line were shot here1 by order of ,general ,wayne1 before the forces under him marched to ,virginia2 and large hospitals were built here during the ,civil ,war1 when ,york ,county was the high-water mark of the ,southern ,confederacy4 ,on ,june #bh1 #ahfc1 ,general ,jubal ,early of ,virginia1 with #aj1jjj ,confederate troops1 took possession of ,york4 ,john ,b4 ,gordon1 leading a brigade of ,georgia troops1 was first to enter town2 he marched on to ,wrightsville with twenty-eight hundred men1 where a skirmish took place1 and when the bridge across the ,susquehanna was burned by the ,union forces on the ,lancaster ,county side2 ,early remained in ,york two days1 with four brigades1 and received word to fall back immediately to ,gettysburg4 ,the first engagement took place in the streets of ,,hanover1 between ,confederate cavalry under ,stuart1 who were defeated by ,union cavalry under ,kilpatrick2 they were prevented from reaching ,gettysburg until evening of second day of battle1 which probably turned the tide in favor of the ,union2 this event is commemorated in the ,center ,square by a statue1 that ranks with the best ,art in ,pennsylvania1 a cavalryman1 bronze2 sculptor1 ,cyrus ,e4 ,dallim1 ,boston4 ,,york1 county seat2 population #dg1eab2 is oldest town in ,pennsylvania west of the ,susquehanna2 the general plan embraced streets forming perfect squares1 with widened space in center of town1 junction of ,market and ,george ,streets1 for market purposes2 these privileges are still used4 ,court house in east ,market ,street1 classic2 porch with granite ,ionic columns2 built1 #aijc2 architect1 ,j4 ,a4 ,dempwolf2 contains portraits of ,york ,county judges2 ,museum of ,york ,county ,historical ,society1 open every afternoon except ,sunday2 has large collection of ,indian implements1 of war and peace2 and etchings by ,rosenthal4 ,an annual art exhibition is held in ,york4 ,post ,office1 classic1 ,ionic4 ,among the many places of worship1 several now standing were erected more than one hundred years ago1 including ,st4 ,john's ,episcopal1 in which is tablet to ,colonel ,thomas ,hartley4 ,in burial ground of ,first ,presbyterian ,church is tomb of ,james ,smith1 the signer1 who died1 #ahjf2 another ,illustration3 ,,cavalry ,,statue1 ,,erected ,,in #aijd1 ,,center ,,square1 ,,hanover ,cyrus ,e4 ,dellam1 ,sculptor signer1 ,philip ,livingston1 of ,new ,york1 who died while ,congress was in session here1 is buried in ,prospect ,hill ,cemetery1 where also are the tombs of ,general ,william ,b4 ,franklin of the ,civil ,war2 his brother ,rear ,admiral ,samuel ,r4 ,franklin2 ,judge ,jeremiah ,s4 ,black2 and several hundred ,civil ,war soldiers4 ,in mentioning the notable men of ,york1 we must include ,colonel ,hance ,hamilton1 first sheriff of ,york ,county in #agej2 ,colonel ,richard ,mc,allister1 founder of ,hanover1 first ,president ,justice of the ,county ,courts under the ,constitution of #aggf1 and later ,president of the ,supreme ,executive ,council of ,pennsylvania2 ,james ,ross1 born1 #agfb1 served two terms in the ,united ,states ,senate1 making there an eloquent speech favoring the ,louisiana ,purchase1 which led to its result2 and ,senator ,matthew ,s4 ,quay1 born in ,dillsburg1 #ahcc1 whose father was pastor of the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,other places marked by tablet are1 site of building of the ,franklin ,press1 where valuable papers were published during the ,revolution1 and building of ,general ,anthony ,wayne's headquarters4 ,in #agfa1 the ,mary ,ann ,furnace was built on ,furnace ,creek2 at the same time a road was cut from there1 to connect with the road to the ,conewago settlement leading to ,baltimore2 the furnace was started by ,george ,ross of ,lancaster1 the signer1 his brother-in-law1 ,george ,stevenson1 a lawyer of ,york ,county1 and ,william ,thompson1 later a general in the ,revolution2 and continued for fifty years1 under other owners2 besides making pig iron1 stoves1 and household iron ware1 cannon balls and grapeshot were cast here4 ,the ,spring ,creek ,forge was erected by ,george ,ross1 previous to #aggb1 and was active many years4 ,illustration3 ,,cumberland ,,county ,,vi ,,cumberland ,,county ,formed ,january #bg1 #agej2 named for county of ,cumberland1 ,england4 ,one of the two or three rich agricultural valleys in the ,united ,states4 ,early industries were iron furnaces and forges4 ,first settlers1 ,scotch-,irish1 men of stout heart and wonderful nerve2 almost contemporaneous with their building forts and providing means of protection for themselves and families1 they established ,presbyterian churches1 the fine springs of the valley being selected as sites1 namely1 ,silver ,springs ,church1 nine miles west of the ,susquehanna2 ,trindle ,spring1 now a ,lutheran ,church2 ,meeting ,house ,spring1 now ,first ,presbyterian ,church of ,carlisle2 curious old carvings are in ,meeting ,house ,springs burial ground2 ,big ,spring ,church1 at ,newville2 and ,middle ,spring ,church1 above ,shippensburg1 a monument to ,revolutionary soldiers is here2 all continue in active existence4 ,the early pioneer countenanced the institution of slavery1 at one period as many as #cjg negroes were held as slaves in this county1 the last of them in #ahdj2 on ,november #a1 #aghj1 an act was passed1 directing that all slaves and those held as such in ,pennsylvania should be registered2 but thereafter all should be free men and women4 ,,shippensburg1 population #dcgb1 first permanent settlement in the county1 founded in #agcj1 was the only town on the line of the 8,great ,road0 when it was laid out from ,john ,harris' ,ferry1 on the ,susquehanna1 to the ,potomac1 from #agce-dd2 this road was the first effort to connect the wilderness west of the ,susquehanna with the civilization in the earlier settlements4 ,first bridge erected in the county was over ,letort ,spring1 on east ,main ,street1 ,carlisle1 about #aghj1 replaced in #agie by a stone bridge2 several stone arch bridges are over the ,yellow ,breeches ,creek2 at the eastern end is ,miller's ,mill bridge1 over one hundred years old1 three arch stone1 in good condition2 ,alexander's bridge is one mile north of ,carlisle on the ,conodoguinet ,creek1 colonial with wooden cover1 one span1 is very old4 ,county seat1 ,,carlisle1 named for shiretown of ,cumberland ,county1 ,england2 population #aj1iaf2 the town is laid off at right angles1 with a large public square in center2 ,bellair ,park on the banks of ,conodoguinet ,creek is one mile from center of town2 ,lindner ,park faces ,franklin and ,louther ,streets1 five squares from center2 ,mount ,holly and ,boiling ,springs ,parks are outlying1 reached by trolley4 ,the courthouse faces ,center ,square1 ,corinthian1 ,bryant ,witt1 architects1 built1 #ahdf1 one of the portico columns shows marks1 in broken flutings1 of the shelling of ,carlisle1 captured by ,general ,lee1 during the ,civil ,war2 contains portraits of judges of the local court4 ,first ,presbyterian ,church also faces ,center ,square1 main auditorium built in #ageg1 ,greco-,roman1 blue limestone with white marble linings1 showing early bonding in stone masonry2 tower added and parish house built1 #ahgc4 ,the ,young ,men's ,christian ,association half square from ,center1 on ,high ,street1 ,french ,renaissance1 built1 #aijh2 architect1 ,m4 ,i4 ,kast1 ,harrisburg4 ,county jail1 one square from ,center1 corner ,high and ,bedford ,streets1 ,tudor1 built1 #ahed1 brownstone1 is a small copy of the ,castle of ,carlisle1 ,england1 note the limestone arch in east wall of the yard2 architects1 ,myers ,gutshall4 ,post office1 two squares from ,center1 corner of ,pitt and ,louther ,streets1 classic ,renaissance1 built1 #aiji1 ,j4 ,knox ,taylor1 architect1 ,washington1 ,d4 ,c4 ,historical ,society1 corner of ,pitt ,street and ,dickinson ,avenue1 brick1 built #ahgh-hj1 architect1 ,george ,rice1 contains historical library1 papers1 and museum4 ,,dickinson ,,college on campus of seven acres1 with law school one square south1 ,conway ,hall one square west1 and the ,herman ,bosler ,biddle ,memorial ,athletic ,field1 with colonial gateway1 made in #aiji1 architect1 ,h4 ,e4 ,yessler1 three squares west2 ,main ,building1 8,old ,west10 built1 #ahjc2 blue limestone mellowed by time1 with faade of fine proportions2 arched doorways and windows2 architect1 ,colonel ,latrobe1 first government engineer and architect1 brought from ,england2 auditorium contains portraits of ,john ,dickinson1 ,dr4 ,nisbet1 and others2 the ,james ,w4 ,bosler ,memorial ,hall2 ,romanesque2 built in #ahhe2 ,george ,rice1 architect2 contains portraits of notable alumni1 including ,president ,james ,buchanan and ,dr4 ,benjamin ,rush1 also marble bust of ,james ,bosler1 and fine copy of ,salvator ,rosa's 8,the ,conspiracy of ,cataline10 original in the ,pitti ,palace1 ,florence2 the ,j4 ,herman ,bosler ,memorial ,library1 architects1 ,baldwin ,pennington1 ,baltimore2 classic2 built1 #ahii2 white marble entrance vestibule1 lighted by memorial window1 ,burne-,jones design1 made by ,maitland ,armstrong ,company2 ,denny ,memorial ,recitation ,hall1 ,collegiate ,gothic1 built1 #aije1 ,m4 ,i4 ,kast1 architect4 ,st4 ,john's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church faces ,center ,square1 has memorial altar1 white marble1 with ,caen stone reredos1 and windows made by ,maitland ,armstrong ,company2 ,first ,lutheran ,church1 one square east of ,center1 corner of ,high and ,bedford ,streets2 ,italian ,renaissance2 yellow brick1 black and white trimmings2 built1 #aijj2 ,j4 ,a4 ,dempwolf1 architect1 ,york1 ,pennsylvania4 ,the second ,presbyterian ,church1 corner of ,hanover and ,pomfret ,streets2 ,gothic2 built1 #ahfi1 has memorial window over door1 ,moorish design2 and fine fretwork choir rail4 ,st4 ,patrick's ,catholic ,church2 east ,pomfret ,street1 has rose window of ,tiffany glass2 and other windows from ,munich2 also memorial marble altar4 ,ashland ,cemetery1 ,york ,street1 nearly a mile east from ,center1 contains bronze statue1 8,angel and ,child10 made by ,lamb ,co41 in ,james ,w4 ,bosler's lot4 ,the 8,old ,grave ,yard10 three squares from ,center1 on east ,south ,street1 contains ,mollie ,pitcher's grave and monument2 bronze portrait figure standing1 on granite pedestal1 with bronze reliefs of battle scenes extended on both sides2 sculptor1 ,j4 ,r4 ,schweizer1 ,philadelphia2 a ,civil ,war cannon is in front2 old ,english and ,german carvings from the year #agjj are in this cemetery4 ,at ,mount ,rock1 five miles west of ,carlisle1 is the ,ionic ,monument1 in memory of ,governor ,ritner from #ahce-ci2 erected by the state in #aijb2 architect1 ,j4 ,w4 ,ely1 ,mechanicsburg1 ,pennsylvania4 ,illustration3 ,,dickinson ,,college1 8,,old ,,west10 ,,carlisle ,,the ,,indian ,,school1 one mile northeast from ,center1 was formerly a military post1 buildings were destroyed by ,fitz ,hugh ,lee in #ahfc1 excepting the old guard house1 built by the ,hessian prisoners during the ,revolution1 in #aggg2 this was the original 8,west ,point0 for the training of officers and artisans1 and for the manufacture of arms and munitions4 ,in #aggf1 and throughout the ,war1 anthracite coal was taken down the ,susquehanna ,river from the ,wyoming mines to the armory at ,carlisle1 said to have been the first shipment of anthracite coal in this country2 there are now about twenty-five or thirty buildings1 brick1 of varied architecture1 on twenty-five acres of ground2 gateway1 ,georgian1 ,m4 ,i4 ,kast1 architect1 built1 #aiaj2 native ,indian art is on exhibition in the ,leupp studio4 ,george ,washington joined the army of #ae1jjj men1 as ,commander in ,chief1 at ,carlisle1 for suppression of the ,whiskey ,insurrection in #agid2 he was the guest of ,ephraim ,blaine2 the army was located on the opposite side of the town from the military post4 ,the ,civic ,club of ,carlisle is placing classic art prints in the public-school buildings4 ,interesting colonial houses3 residence of ,ephraim ,blaine1 built1 #agie1 now law office and dwelling of ,edward ,stiles1 built1 #ahae2 of ,stephen ,duncan1 built1 #ahae1 used by the ,fraternity of ,owls2 and that of ,isaac ,b4 ,parker1 built1 #ahbj1 the home of the ,elks4 ,in #agfb1 ,richard ,peters of ,philadelphia obtained a patent for #chh acres of land at ,boiling ,springs1 and executed a deed to ,john ,s4 ,rigby ,co41 for twenty-nine acres on which they had already commenced the erection of a blast furnace1 they bought two ore banks at the foot of ,south ,mountain1 and soon after added #afad acres of land1 and called the property 8,carlisle ,iron ,works02 it passed through several ownerships1 until1 in #agib1 ,michael ,ege became sole owner2 the furnace produced twelve to fifteen tons of metal a week1 mostly pig iron1 but they also cast stoves1 fire backs1 and hollow ware4 ,william ,denning1 in #aggf1 made two wrought iron cannon in ,mount ,holly ,gap1 about six miles south of ,carlisle1 the first ever made2 one in use at the ,battle of ,brandywine was captured by the ,british and deposited finally in the ,tower of ,london2 the ,british ,government offered a large sum of money and an annuity to ,william ,denning1 to instruct them how to make wrought iron cannon1 but he refused2 he died in #ahcj1 age ninety-three1 at his home near ,newville1 his monument there1 given by the state1 shows a square marble base surmounted by a cannon4 ,pine ,grove ,furnace was built on ,mountain ,creek1 halfway between ,carlisle and ,gettysburg1 the recorded ownership dates from a proprietary grant in #agfb for #dej acres on ,mountain ,creek to ,thomas ,pope2 it is now part of the ,state ,forestry reservation4 ,,vii ,,northampton ,,county ,formed ,march #aa1 #ageb2 named by ,thomas ,penn2 prior to the ,revolution comprised all the northeast section of ,pennsylvania2 chief industries1 ,bethlehem ,iron and ,steel ,works1 where #ae1jjj men are employed day and night2 silk mills1 graphite works1 and other manufactories4 ,here were ,washington's storehouses along the ,delaware ,river1 with supplies for all branches of the army2 a point of attack by the ,british battling between ,west ,point and ,trenton1 buildings are still in evidence4 ,the famous backwoods rifles used by two thousand ,pennsylvanians against the ,british at ,boston were made here4 ,county seat1 ,,easton1 founded by ,thomas ,penn1 #agea2 at 8,the ,forks of the ,delaware1 where the water is deep and smooth10 population #cc1hac4 ,in center of the public square is the monument to soldiers of this county in the ,civil ,war1 on site of the old ,northampton court house that stood for a hundred years2 on its threshold was promulgated the ,declaration of ,independence1 the same day as in ,philadelphia2 the old court house bell1 that rang out then1 is still doing public service4 ,the first flag1 combining stars and stripes1 as an emblem of a new nation1 was made here1 showing thirteen eight pointed stars and thirteen stripes in the field1 this flag is said to be the one now in the ,easton ,public ,library1 deposited in #ahba1 after being used in the ,war of #ahab2 in a special room of the ,illustration3 ,,northampton ,,county library is the private collection of ,samuel ,sitgreaves1 with rare volumes of ,american history4 ,next to ,sitgreaves' office was the home and shop of ,henry ,derringer1 a gunmaker of the ,revolution1 whose son invented the ,derringer pistol4 ,on the public square1 ,light ,horse ,harry ,lee1 from ,virginia1 recruited his troop of ,pennsylvania ,germans1 and horses4 ,valuable papers and moneys belonging to the state and national government were placed in the custody of ,robert ,levers1 during ,british occupancy of ,philadelphia4 ,the old ,union ,church1 now the ,reformed1 on ,north ,third ,street1 stone1 colonial1 built1 #agge-gf1 was used as a hospital in the ,revolution2 this is the principal residential street1 and entrance to ,,lafayette ,,college1 founded1 #ahcb1 by ,james ,madison ,porter1 ,secretary of ,war2 has interesting collection of portraits of ,lafayette1 in oil and black and white1 also valuable old engravings2 on the campus is statue of ,lafayette1 by ,daniel ,chester ,french1 given by ,morris ,l4 ,clothier1 ,esq4 ,in the ,new ,century ,art ,club1 ,new and ,porter ,streets1 lectures on art and exhibitions are given4 ,a bridge leads across the ,delaware to ,phillipsburg1 ,new ,jersey1 first wooden bridge built1 #agig2 north of the bridge is ,riverside ,park1 leading to ,north ,delaware ,road and the ,delaware ,water ,gap2 the ,wind ,gap has precipitous sides2 very beautiful scenery is on the ,river ,road4 ,in ,july1 #aghb1 ,washington came from ,bethlehem to ,easton4 ,,bethlehem1 in ,lehigh ,county1 is the seat of government of the ,moravian economy1 from ,moravia in ,bohemia1 in the western hemisphere1 dating back to #agdj2 these pioneers belonged to the ,church of the ,brethren1 organized in #adeg by followers of ,john ,huss about forty years after he had been burned at the stake for conscience' sake2 the little church was revived in ,saxony in #agbb2 to this church ,count ,nicholas ,l4 ,zinzendorf granted an asylum on his own estate2 the count visited the ,brethren here in #agda4 ,on ,july #be1 #aghb1 ,washington1 with ,colonel ,trumbull and ,major ,welker1 stayed overnight at the ,sun ,inn2 ,brother ,ettwein and others of the ,fraternity called to pay their respects2 the ,sun ,inn was built in #agfa1 ,peter ,warbas the first host2 the suite occupied by ,general ,washington and his wife is still shown to visitors4 ,during the ,revolution the ,moravian settlement experienced many horrors and discomforts of war2 the tramp of armed men through its quiet streets began in ,july1 #agge2 in ,december most of the houses were taken for hospitals1 being on the main route of travel from the eastern states2 many distinguished soldiers were here1 ,greene1 ,knox1 ,gates1 ,stirling1 ,sullivan1 ,schuyler1 von ,steuben1 ,de ,kalb1 ,pulaski1 de ,chastelleux1 also ,samuel and ,john ,adams1 ,hancock1 ,laurens1 ,livingston1 ,boudinot1 ,reed1 ,rittenhouse1 ,gerard2 in autumn of #aggg1 ,lafayette1 under careful nursing of a ,moravian sister1 ,liesel ,beckel1 rapidly recovered from a wound received in the ,battle of ,brandywine4 ,general hospital of the ,continental ,army was here1 #aggf-gh4 ,the ,moravian ,church1 plain and dignified architecture1 after a ,german model1 is full of sunlight within1 contains ,moravian archives and ,schussele's large oil painting1 8,power of the ,gospel10 showing ,zeisberger preaching to the ,indians2 the organ and vocal music is exceptionally fine4 ,the ,moravian ,college and ,seminary for young women includes instruction in housekeeping2 moral training is a particular feature4 ,the ,widows' house1 built1 #agfh1 endowed by ,john ,jordan1 ,jr41 ,philadelphia1 for widows and daughters of ,moravian ministers and other women who have served the church4 ,the ,sisters' house1 formerly first ,brethren's house1 was used for home of unmarried women of advanced age2 now a boarding house4 ,second ,brothers' house1 where unmarried men could live and still gain independent support1 is now 8,colonial ,hall10 a part of the ,seminary4 ,corpse house still stands with its weeping willow tree2 because of the small rooms of the houses1 the body was taken from the home to the corpse house for three days2 the trombone choir announced a death from the church steeple by a particular choral that designated whether it was for man1 woman1 or child2 at the burial the trombone choir met the procession at the cemetery gate and took part in the service at the grave2 in the ,moravian burial ground are graves of many ,indians1 among them that of ,uncas1 in ,cooper's 8,last of the ,mohicans10 inscription1 8,in memory of ,tschoop1 a ,mohican ,indian1 who1 in holy baptism1 ,april #afth1 #agdb1 received the name of ,john1 one of the first fruits of the mission at ,wycomico1 whereby he became a distinguished teacher among his nation4 ,he departed this life in full assurance of faith at ,bethlehem1 ,august #bg1 #agdf40 ,the graves are in rows1 sisters and brothers separate1 with small stone markers4 ,bethlehem had the second waterworks system in the ,united ,states1 #agfj4 ,a covered wooden bridge over one hundred years old1 to be replaced by modern structure1 crosses the ,lehigh ,river to ,,south ,,bethlehem1 ,northampton ,county1 seat of ,lehigh ,university1 built1 #ahff2 in #ahfe1 ,asa ,packer gave #ejj1jjj for founding a free technical college for boys in ,south ,bethlehem1 largest single benefaction any ,american college had received up to this time2 this was the beginning of ,lehigh ,university1 opened the following year2 later a classical department was opened at ,mr4 ,packer's direction1 who gave the ,university #a1ejj1jjj during his life1 and left it by will another #a1ejj1jjj1 to ease the struggle upwards of boys with whose ambitions he sympathized2 this ,university is particularly noted for its course in engineering1 with the ,fritz ,engineering ,laboratory1 endowed with over #a1jjj1jjj2 there are also a gymnasium with swimming pool1 and a stadium4 ,the ,,bach ,,festival1 announced by the trombone players from the tower of ,lehigh ,university ,chapel1 has been held annually since #aiaa1 first performance was in #ahhh4 ,in #aghj1 the settlement had an orchestra1 said to be the first in ,america1 flutes1 horns1 viols1 and trombones were permanent factors in their church music1 which undoubtedly led up to the present development2 frequently referred to as the ,american ,bayreuth2 a quartet of trombones summoning the people1 as do the trumpets in ,germany2 in #aija1 the ,christmas ,oratorio was given in its entirety1 first in ,america2 they have also given the ,passion1 and the ,mass in ,b ,minor2 ,j4 ,frederick ,wolle1 pupil of ,rheinberger1 organist of the ,lutheran ,church1 has charge of the music2 choir consists of #bjj voices1 natives of ,bethlehem1 excepting leading soloists2 the orchestra and instrumental soloists vary1 the ,philadelphia ,orchestra has played here4 ,location of ,bethlehem is scenically quite as beautiful as ,eisenach in the ,thuringian forest1 where the famous ,wartburg1 with memories of ,tannhaeuser1 ,bach1 and ,luther attract thousands of tourists and pilgrims4 ,in ,,nazareth are old stockaded forts of the ,indian wars1 where were maintained #cfe settlers from beyond the mountains1 now used by the ,moravian ,historical ,society for their collection of relics1 curios1 and portraits of noted ,indians4 ,whitfield house1 built1 #agee1 old ,english1 contains ,moravian ,historical ,collection2 ,nazareth ,hall1 built1 #agdh1 was school for young men4 ,at ,boulton1 near ,nazareth1 is ,benjamin ,west's first tragic painting1 8,death of ,socrates40 ,illustration3 ,,berks ,,county ,,viii ,,berks ,,county ,formed ,march #aa1 #ageb2 reduced to present limits1 #ahaa2 named for ,berkshire1 ,england1 where ,penn family had large estates2 has broad1 fertile plains and valleys1 intermingled with rough hills and mountains containing mineral wealth in iron4 ,first settlers were ,germans1 and ,friends from ,england1 #agjd-ab1 among whom was ,george ,boone1 ancestor of ,daniel ,boone of ,kentucky1 who was born here1 in ,exeter ,township1 #agce4 ,mordecai ,lincoln1 great-great-grandfather of ,abraham ,lincoln1 also lived in ,exeter ,township2 he owned one thousand acres of land1 had interest in iron forges2 and built a small stone house in #agcc1 that now forms one end of the present homestead1 which remained in the ,lincoln family until #aiab2 the ,lincoln men of ,berks ,county were all men of note1 several holding public positions2 one1 ,abraham1 married ,anna ,boone2 he died1 #ahjf4 ,in #agbi1 ,conrad ,weiser came over with ,germans from the ,palatinate and settled near ,womelsdorf1 where he is buried in the family burial ground2 marked by boulder2 his granddaughter was married to the 8,patriarch0 ,henry ,melchoir ,muhlenberg2 farm and burial ground of ,conrad ,weiser1 purchased by the ,burks ,county ,historical ,society1 is to be maintained as a ,memorial ,park4 ,the ,dutch came in #agcj2 their descendants still reside on their ancestral estates2 they named the river1 flowing through the county1 ,schuylkill 7hidden creek72 ,indian name was ,manai-unk4 ,when war was declared between ,england and ,france1 the ,french found the ,indians eager to join them against the ,british1 and after ,braddock's defeat at ,fort ,duquesne in #agee1 they devastated these peaceful settlers1 by fire and slaughter1 until #aggh1 when they were driven beyond the ,alleghenies4 ,this region has become famous for wine making2 vines are grown on ,mount ,penn1 ,neversink1 and the ,alsace ,mountain slopes2 over fifty years ago1 ,george ,l4 ,reiniger left the fertile vineyards of ,wurtemberg and settled here1 where the soil1 scenery1 and environment seemed so much like the fatherland2 these vineyards are now used for the cultivation of dahlias4 ,,reading1 county seat2 population #ajg1ghd2 was laid out in #agdh by agents of ,richard and ,thomas ,penn2 named for ,reading1 in ,berkshire1 ,england4 ,courthouse on ,penn ,common1 ,fifth and ,penn ,streets1 built1 #agfb2 present building in #ahdj1 on north ,sixth ,street2 colonial with ,ionic porch2 cupola eighty-four feet above the roof4 ,in the park are equestrian statue of ,general ,david ,mc,murtrie ,gregg1 by ,h4 ,augustus ,lukeman1 ,new ,york2 the ,firemen's ,monument2 8,the ,first ,defenders02 and ,frederick ,lauer1 all designed and made by ,p4 ,f4 ,eisenbrown1 ,sons ,company1 ,reading2 the bronze statue of ,president ,mc,kinley1 reliefs and eagles1 was designed by ,edward ,l4 ,a4 ,pausch1 ,buffalo1 ,new ,york4 ,prison1 ,penn ,street and ,perkiomen ,avenue1 red sandstone1 castellated ,gothic1 built1 #ahdf2 architect1 ,john ,haviland4 ,a two story building1 northeast corner of ,fifth ,street and ,penn ,square1 was built in #agfd for a tavern2 ,washington stayed here in ,illustration3 ,,the ,,jail ,,at ,,reading ,john ,c4 ,haviland1 ,architect #agid1 en route to join troops against the ,whiskey ,rebellion2 now ,farmers' ,bank2 it is marked as the oldest building in town4 ,the ,hessian camp ground1 southwest of ,reading1 is also marked4 ,trinity ,church1 most important ,lutheran ,church in this country1 is a fine example of ,georgian architecture1 northwest corner of ,sixth and ,washington ,streets2 was built1 #agia4 ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,cathedral1 ,gothic1 brownstone2 built in #ahfd2 architect1 ,potter1 ,new ,york2 has good windows4 ,the ,reading ,museum and ,art ,gallery1 ,eighth and ,washington ,streets1 has a good collection of paintings1 representing foreign and ,american artists1 including sixty paintings given by ,mrs4 ,william ,littleton ,savage1 as memorial to her parents1 ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,george ,de,benneville ,keim1 and other works of art and natural history2 it is open free to the public4 ,the ,historical ,society of ,berks ,county1 #ch ,north ,fourth ,street1 has a good historical collection4 ,among the notable artists who have lived in ,reading are ,christopher ,h4 ,shearer1 represented in permanent collection at ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts1 ,philadelphia2 ,benjamin ,f4 ,austrian1 noted still-life painter1 born here1 #ahgj2 ,james ,a4 ,benade1 landscape2 ,f4 ,d4 ,devlan1 animal painter and cartoonist2 during the ,civil ,war he furnished many cartoons for ,frank ,leslie's illustrated newspaper2 ,george ,seiling1 mural decorator1 born in ,bavaria1 #ahah1 his paintings are in ,st4 ,james' ,church1 8,the ,transfiguration10 and ,calvary ,church1 8,christ ,bearing the ,cross40 ,calvary ,reformed ,church has stone mosaic decoration in chancel by ,h4 ,hanley ,parker4 ,charles ,evans ,cemetery1 acquired by gift in #ahfd1 has ,gothic gateway1 dark sandstone2 made in #ahdg2 architects1 ,calver ,hall1 ,philadelphia2 the chapel is brownstone1 ,gothic1 built1 #ahed2 architect1 ,john ,m4 ,gries1 who was a major in the ,union ,army1 killed in battle of 8,fair ,oaks02 here is the ,soldiers and ,sailors ,monument1 with bronze tablets2 erected1 #ahhi4 ,reading was the resort of many fugitives families from ,philadelphia while ,british were there in the winter of #aggf-gg1 and became the scene of much gayety4 ,general ,mifflin1 afterwards governor1 had his country seat at ,cumru1 three miles southeast of ,reading1 now used as the ,county ,almshouse and ,hospital buildings4 ,in the different wars of this country ,berks ,county men were among the first to offer their services2 the ,ringgold ,light ,artillery1 ,captain ,james ,mc,knight1 is said to have been the first company that reported at ,harrisburg in response to ,president ,lincoln's ,proclamation in #ahfa1 and was one of five ,pennsylvania companies to arrive first at ,washington in defense of the ,capital4 ,at ,,kutztown1 settled by ,germans in #agcc1 is the ,keystone ,state ,normal ,school1 originally ,,maxatawny ,seminary1 but since #ahff1 the ,normal ,school1 enlarged after most improved models of school architecture4 ,four miles distant is ,,virginsville2 here is a natural curiosity1 the 8,crystal ,cave10 of vast dimensions1 with crystal formations in every shape and color2 it is lighted by electricity4 ,,boyertown1 with two large academies1 and ,,birdsboro1 with fine churches and residences1 are noted for their iron furnaces4 ,,hamburg is the home of the ,berks ,county ,state ,sanatorium ,no4 #c for tuberculosis2 ,spanish architecture4 ,berks ,county has several picturesque old bridges1 the oldest1 with one arch1 stone1 built in #ahbb1 spans the ,wyomissing ,creek at its mouth1 opposite ,reading4 ,thirteen other stone arch bridges1 the longest1 over ,maiden ,creek1 four arches1 built in #ahed2 and twenty-five wooden covered bridges1 are decided artistic assets4 ,historic iron furnaces in ,berks ,county are at ,,birdsboro1 ,hay ,creek ,forges1 built1 #agdj1 by ,william ,bird on land obtained by warrant and survey2 he also erected ,hopewell ,furnace in #agei1 and the ,berkshire ,furnace in ,heidelberg about #agfj2 his son1 ,mark ,bird1 inherited the property1 and built ,spring ,forge and ,gibraltar ,forge2 in #agif1 ,john ,louis ,barde became the owner2 his daughter was married to ,matthew ,brooke1 who subsequently purchased the property1 which has become an extensive iron works4 ,,colebrookdale1 famous as the seat of the first blast furnace in ,pennsylvania1 was on ,iron ,stone ,creek1 named for the ,colebrookdale furnace1 in ,shropshire1 ,england2 it was founded by ,thomas ,rutter and ,thomas ,potts in #agbj3 in #agbd1 the output was forty-eight tons of pig iron per annum1 each ton valued at #e2 this was the first furnace to cast pots1 kettles1 and other hollow ware by the use of sand moulds2 it had a long and prosperous career4 ,,hopewell1 a cold blast1 one stack furnace1 employed one hundred and seventy men and boys1 the iron ore was obtained from the ,hopewell mine1 about two miles away1 water from ,hopewell ,creek formed the motive power2 a dam was constructed a quarter of a mile above the furnace and conveyed by a race to the big water wheel2 the property covered #eafc acres1 chiefly woodland2 stoves were cast here with much detailed design1 marked with the name of ,bird2 also cannon for the ,revolutionary ,army2 ,hopewell furnace1 although idle for many years1 is not dismantled1 and the village street of iron-workers' homes is much the same as it must have been in early times4 ,,oley ,,forge1 south of the little hamlet called ,oley ,churches1 and about ten miles from the confluence of the ,manatawny and ,schuylkill rivers1 was organized by ,john ,ross in #agdd1 and was in active operation for one hundred and twenty years4 ,in #agfj1 a valuable deposit of iron ore was found in ,oley ,township1 and in #agfe ,dietrich ,welcker erected ,,oley ,,furnace1 near the mountain2 it was owned by ,general ,daniel ,udree during the ,revolution4 ,,pine ,,forge was among the earliest of those erected in the ,manatawny district1 on land conveyed by ,william ,penn to ,thomas ,rutter2 the original patent is in possession of the ,rutter family4 ,there is every evidence that the group of early forges and furnaces had a general interchange in their business affairs1 as the owners of the plants were almost identical2 ,william ,bird1 in #agcc1 was cutting wood for the use of ,pine ,forge1 at two shillings ninepence a day4 ,ten years later we find him renting one-eighth of ,pine ,forge at #dj per annum4 ,the management of the old forges was patriarchal in its character2 grist mill1 sawmill1 and the village store were all under control of the company1 and the records of the old forges and furnaces are filled with human interests of an earlier day4 ,,windsor ,,furnace1 ,illustration3 ,,trinity ,,church1 ,,reading1 ,,built ,,in #agia on ,furnace ,creek1 under shadow of the ,blue ,mountains1 besides making pig iron and the usual hollow ware cast in colonial times1 was noted for remarkable artistic work under the management of ,jones1 ,keim ,co42 one casting1 being a copy of ,leonardo da ,vinci's 8,last ,supper10 is now in possession of the ,philadelphia ,exchange4 ,illustration3 ,,bedford ,,county ,,ix ,,bedford ,,county ,formed ,march #i1 #agga2 named by ,governor ,john ,penn1 in #aggf1 from fort of this name in the county4 ,is widely known for its mineral springs4 ,when first established it embraced entire southwest part of the province4 ,mean altitude #aajj-abjj feet above sea level2 in northwest at ,blue ,knob1 near ,blair and ,cambria ,county line1 is highest elevation in ,pennsylvania1 #cacf feet above sea level4 ,surface is broken by parallel ranges of mountains1 with narrow1 beautiful valleys1 in a high state of cultivation4 ,chief industries are farming1 stock raising1 and apple growing4 ,it is said that the most important fields of bituminous coal in ,pennsylvania are largely in the northeast of this ,county known as 8,the ,broad ,top ,coal ,fields40 ,population ,scotch-,irish1 ,german1 and ,english4 ,first permanent settlement was made in #agej1 by a ,scotchman named ,ray 7,mc,ray71 an ,indian trader1 near present site of ,bedford1 then ,raystown4 ,in #agee1 ,colonel ,james ,burd was appointed by the province to construct the first wagon road1 from ,fort ,louden1 ,franklin ,county1 to join ,braddock's road near ,turkey ,foot1 ,somerset ,county1 passing through ,raystown 7,bedford71 practically identical with the ,chambersburg and ,bedford ,turnpike1 now ,lincoln ,highway4 ,on western border where this road crosses main range of the ,alleghenies1 at a point two-thirds of the ascent1 is a view unsurpassed in the picturesque charm of the landscape1 stretching far and wide4 ,the highway follows the main course of the ,raystown ,branch of the ,juniata1 crossing this stream at least four times2 bridges are iron or old wooden ones4 ,the fort at ,raystown was constructed in #ageh by the vanguard of ,general ,forbes' army2 it embraced about seven thousand square yards1 occupying the bluff now bounded on the east by ,richard ,street2 south1 ,pitt ,street 7,lincoln ,highway72 west1 ,juliana ,street2 north1 the ,raystone ,river2 it was the most prominent military stronghold in the central part of the province1 and the principal rendezvous of troops forming the right wing of ,general ,john ,forbes' army in his expedition against ,fort ,duquesne1 #ehej men1 besides wagoners2 largest single contingent was #bgjj ,pennsylvania provincials under ,colonel ,bouquet1 who had chief charge of entire force1 until ,general ,forbes arrived2 the #afjj ,virginians were under command of ,colonel ,george ,washington and ,colonel ,william ,byrd4 ,in #agei1 ,general ,john ,stanwix1 then in command of the garrison1 had the name changed to ,fort ,bedford1 in honor of the ,duke of ,bedford2 now no trace of the fortification remains4 ,in #agid1 ,bedford became the headquarters of ,general ,henry ,lee1 ,governor of ,virginia1 who was commander in chief of the army of #ac1jjj troops raised to quell the ,whiskey ,insurrection2 ,president ,washington1 after reviewing the troops at ,carlisle and ,cumberland1 came to ,bedford and made his headquarters in a stone house on ,pitt ,street1 house still standing4 ,,bedford1 county seat1 population #bccj2 laid out1 #agff1 by ,surveyor ,general ,john ,lukens1 with a commodious square1 in the most convenient place4 ,courthouse erected1 #ahbh1 colonial with clock tower1 architect and contractor1 ,solomon ,filler1 faces the square4 ,opposite is the ,united ,states ,post ,office1 built1 #aiae1 ,indiana limestone1 classic1 ,doric columns1 architect1 ,oscar ,wenderoth2 also facing the square are the ,presbyterian ,church1 colonial1 built1 #ahbh1 on site of an earlier one built in #ahaj2 and the ,lutheran ,church1 fine two-story building and parsonage4 ,the ,soldiers' ,monument in honor of ,bedford ,county volunteers in ,civil ,war occupies center of square4 ,handsome memorial colonial gateway forms entrance to ,bedford ,cemetery1 stone1 with bronze tablets4 ,the therapeutic qualities of the ,mineral ,springs are believed to be second to none anywhere in the world1 and justly entitle ,bedford to the name of the ,carlsbad of ,america2 one and one-half miles south of the borough1 within an area of a few square rods1 several varieties of water are to be found2 most famous is the ,magnesia ,spring1 efficacious in disturbances of the digestive organs2 others are known as the ,black ,sulphur1 ,limestone1 ,chalybeate1 and ,sweet ,water ,spring4 ,colonial ,hotel has a colonnade of ,doric columns1 twenty feet high1 made of native solid trees2 the links for the ,scottish game of golf are on a place earlier named ,caledonia4 ,the ,bedford ,chalybeate ,springs1 about one mile northeast of the town1 contain waters showing analysis of carbonate of calcium1 magnesium1 iron and sodium1 and sulphite of calcium4 ,ten miles southwest of ,bedford are the ,white ,sulphur ,springs in ,milliken's ,cave1 second largest health resort in the country2 waters are unexcelled in health-restoring properties4 ,illustration3 ,,northumberland ,,county ,x ,,northumberland ,,county ,formed ,march #ba1 #aggb2 named for the ,duke of ,northumberland4 ,mountainous1 with great amount of fertile land1 watered by the ,susquehanna ,river and tributaries4 ,chief industry is coal mining4 ,county seat1 ,,sunbury1 population #ae1gba1 on site of a populous ,indian village named ,shamokin1 occupied variously by different tribes2 in #agde1 the town contained about fifty houses and three hundred inhabitants2 the ,six ,nations used it as a tarrying place for their war parties against the ,catawbas of the ,south4 ,it was the residence of ,shikellimy1 an ,oneida chief sent by the ,iroquois1 who claimed the land by conquest in #agbh1 he was the ,indian diplomat1 and land agent of the three great tribes of ,pennsylvania1 ,new ,york and ,delaware1 with supervision of the ,delaware1 ,shawnee1 and other tribes4 ,he also had to look after all matters relating to the settlement and purchase of ,indian lands by the whites4 ,in #agdb1 ,count ,zinzendorf1 with ,conrad ,weiser and others1 came to ,shamokin2 ,shikellimy gave them a hearty welcome1 and promised to forward their design of having a ,moravian ,mission there2 it was established in #agdg by ,martin ,mack and his wife2 ,bishop ,cammerhoff and ,zeisberger visited the town the next year4 ,in #agdh ,shikellimy died2 8the ,chief who never swerved in his friendship to the ,province02 he had been baptized in the ,christian faith in ,bethlehem1 and was buried just outside of what was later ,fort ,augusta2 ,james ,logan1 his second son1 was perhaps the best known of his children2 made so by the murder of his family1 near the mouth of ,yellow ,creek1 on the ,ohio1 in #aggd1 and the famous 8,logan's ,lament40 ,a large boulder1 with memorial tablet1 marks ,shikellimy's grave2 it was placed1 in #aiae1 by the ,fort ,augusta ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution1 and the ,pennsylvania ,historical ,commission2 the boulder is of very close grained rock1 of the kind used by the ,indians for their hardest and strongest implements2 it was quarried near ,wapwallopen1 about forty miles above ,sunbury2 this rock boulder1 from our local mountains1 will resist the forces of nature for centuries to come1 as it has done for ages past4 ,shamokin 7,sunbury7 was also the residence of ,allummapees1 or ,sassounan1 the head chief of the ,delawares1 so that this place was1 in every sense of the term1 the ,indian capital of ,pennsylvania from #agbh-dh1 and was deserted in #agdi on account of a severe famine along the ,susquehanna4 ,at the north of ,sunbury1 along the river drive1 is site of ,fort ,augusta1 built in #agef by ,colonel ,miles and ,captain ,trump of the ,second ,pennsylvania ,battalion2 it was the frontier1 after ,forts ,muncy1 ,brady1 and ,freeland were destroyed in #aggi by ,british and ,indians2 the powder magazine1 and well1 built of brick1 are still intact and in good preservation4 ,this was said to have been the most strategic point in the whole section2 a monument on either side of the roadway marks the place4 ,on the site of the fortifications is a brick mansion2 within are many relics taken from the fort1 and draft of original plan4 ,visitors are welcome4 ,site of ,fort ,freeland on north side of ,warrior's ,run1 four miles east of ,watsontown2 it was a large stockaded log house1 built in #aggc1 enclosing about half an acre4 ,,sunbury was laid out #aggb1 by ,william ,maclay and ,john ,lukens1 by order of ,governor ,richard ,penn1 who named it4 ,william ,maclay1 first ,united ,states ,senator from ,pennsylvania1 built his stone residence1 still standing1 on the river bank in northwest part of town2 the city plan is like that of ,philadelphia1 and many of the streets have the ,philadelphia names2 ,market ,street faces a public square between ,second and ,third ,streets1 known as ,cameron ,park1 in which is the ,civil ,war ,soldiers' ,monument1 granite shaft surmounted by a life-size1 granite statue of ,colonel ,james ,cameron1 who organized a regiment from this county4 ,courthouse1 ,second ,street1 facing west side of ,cameron ,park1 originally built in #ahff2 ,georgian2 brick with ,hummelstown brownstone trimmings2 was remodeled in the same style in #aiae and enlarged1 in the rear1 with a cross wing1 giving two fine courtrooms1 last architect1 ,william ,h4 ,lee1 ,shamokin4 ,the prison1 one block away1 at the corner of ,second and ,arch ,streets1 medieval castle style1 built1 #ahgh1 dark gray stone1 with stone wall twenty feet high1 surrounding the whole structure1 has wing used as a penitentiary1 where prisoners serve out their sentences2 they weave carpets and make coarse hosiery4 ,,northumberland1 settled1 #aggb1 population #djfa4 ,dr4 ,joseph ,priestly1 chemist and philosopher1 was its most noted inhabitant2 he emigrated here in #agid1 to be with his son1 and died1 #ahjd2 in #ahgd1 ,scientists of ,america celebrated here the centennial of ,dr4 ,priestly's discovery of oxygen2 his house1 built1 #agif1 is still standing1 in excellent preservation2 a portrait of ,dr4 ,priestly1 by ,gilbert ,stuart1 is owned by ,miss ,priestly4 ,the ,academy was erected in #ahjc1 mainly through the efforts of ,dr4 ,priestly2 ,rev4 ,isaac ,greer1 first principal4 ,,xi ,,westmoreland ,,county ,formed ,february #bf1 #aggc1 named for the ,county of ,westmoreland1 ,england4 ,chief industries1 coal1 coke1 gas1 and manufactories4 ,ruins of old furnaces abound in this section1 relics of the iron industry about #ahjj4 ,the ,lincoln ,highway crosses this county1 formerly the ,philadelphia and ,pittsburgh ,turnpike1 entering near ,,laughlinstown1 at the base of ,laurel ,ridge1 elevation1 #bgjj feet2 here is a museum of relics1 shown in an old tavern of stage coach days1 built about #ahjj1 where ,daniel ,webster is said to have stopped1 and ,zachary ,taylor1 in #ahdh1 held a reception4 ,three miles west is ,,ligonier1 on site of a fort built by ,captain ,burd under the direction of ,colonel ,bouquet1 a ,swiss2 named for ,sir ,john ,ligonier1 a famous ,english general2 all traces of the fort have been obliterated2 a descriptive tablet1 erected by the ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution1 is in the town square4 ,in the ,high ,school ,library is an engraving1 from a painting by ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 of ,sir ,john ,ligonier4 ,near by is ,idlewild ,park4 ,at ,bushy ,run the ,indians made a furious attack on ,bouquet and his company but were utterly routed and they retreated beyond the ,ohio2 ,bouquet then marched to ,fort ,pitt and recovered it in #agfc2 next year he led an expedition beyond the ,ohio ,river1 the ,indians sued for peace1 and he compelled them to ,illustration3 ,,westmoreland ,,county bring all their captives to ,fort ,pitt4 ,one and a half miles west of ,ligonier is residence of ,general ,arthur ,st4 ,clair1 from #agfg-gb1 8,the ,hermitage10 rebuilt1 excepting one room1 which is well cared for2 there is a well-grounded tradition that ,washington sent from ,mount ,vernon two expert carpenters1 whose quaintly designed woodwork1 mantelpiece and wainscoting doubtless saved this room from destruction2 the house was marked in #aiac1 by the ,phbe ,bayard ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution1 of ,greensburg4 ,four miles west of ,latrobe is ,st4 ,vincent's ,monastery and ,church1 dedicated in #aije1 brick and stone buildings1 with highly decorated interiors1 containing the main altar1 onyx1 set with jewels1 and fine wood carvings from ,italy4 ,north1 on ,william ,penn ,highway1 is ,,new ,,alexandria2 here1 owned by ,elizabeth ,craig1 is a ,rattlesnake ,flag1 in use before the ,revolution1 made of crimson silk2 in the upper left-hand corner is the ,english coat of arms2 on the field is a rattlesnake with thirteen rattles1 indicating the thirteen colonies2 underneath are the words 8,don't tread on me10 ,j4 ,p4 ,f4 ,b4 ,w4 ,c4 ,p4--for ,john ,proctor's ,first ,battalion ,westmoreland ,county1 ,pennsylvania2 by whom it was adopted4 ,,greensburg1 population #ae1jcc1 formerly called ,newtown1 settled in #aghb2 made county seat in #aghf1 and name changed in honor of ,general ,nathaniel ,greene1 who had died at ,savannah1 ,georgia1 that same year2 many of the ,westmoreland ,county soldiers served under him in the ,revolution4 ,it now has its fourth courthouse1 a dignified building1 ,french ,renaissance1 white granite1 the faade surmounted by a well-proportioned dome1 dedicated1 #aijh2 architect1 ,william ,kauffman2 contains portraits of judges and lawyers4 ,among the churches of good architecture are the ,united ,brethren1 classic1 ,doric1 architects1 ,winkler ,macdonald2 and the ,first ,presbyterian on ,south ,main ,street1 ,gothic1 stone1 architects1 ,cram ,ferguson4 ,other notable buildings are the ,post ,office1 classic1 ,ionic2 the ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a41 an adaptation of ,colonial1 and ,st4 ,joseph's ,academy1 with beautiful grounds1 overlooking the whole town4 ,in ,st4 ,clair ,cemetery is a monument to ,general ,arthur ,st4 ,clair1 who is buried here4 ,about five miles distant is ,oakford ,park4 ,fells ,church in ,rostravor ,township southwest is said to be the second ,methodist ,church west of the ,alleghenies1 built of logs in #agib2 present stone building in #ahcd2 in the burial ground are many pioneers of western ,pennsylvania4 ,,xii ,,washington ,,county ,formed ,march #bh1 #agha2 named for ,president ,washington2 originally part of ,augusta ,county1 ,virginia4 ,first court held here was two miles west on the ,gabby farm1 marked by granite block2 inscription1 8,on this spot1 was held in #aggf1 the ,county ,court1 for the ,district of ,west ,augusta1 ,virginia2 the first ,court held by ,english-speaking people1 west of the ,monongahela ,river4 ,erected by ,washington ,county ,historical ,society #aije40 ,chief industries1 between #ahfj-hj raising fine stock and wool growing2 in #ahhd1 oil was discovered and for ten or fifteen years this county became an oil center1 with some of the largest wells2 now coal is being shipped all over the country from seemingly boundless veins4 ,,washington1 county seat1 laid out in #aghb1 population #ba1dhj4 ,courthouse1 built in #aijj1 on ,main ,street1 ,italian ,renaissance1 ,columbia sandstone and granite2 architect1 ,f4 ,j4 ,osterling2 contains portraits1 also collections made by the ,washington ,county ,historical ,society2 ground given by ,david ,hoge of ,virginia1 who owned large tracts of land where the town now is4 ,town ,hall1 corner-stone laid by ,general ,u4 ,s4 ,grant1 in #ahfi2 contains ,public ,library1 gift of ,dr4 ,francis ,j4 ,le ,moyne4 ,washington and ,jefferson ,college1 combined in #ahgj1 from ,washington ,college founded #aghg1 and ,jefferson ,college founded in ,canonsburg1 #ahjb2 both flourished until the ,civil ,illustration3 ,,washington ,,county ,war1 when many students enlisted and financial depression followed2 located one square east of the courthouse2 oldest part1 two story1 stone1 erected1 #agic2 main building1 brick1 #ahcf1 enlarged1 #ahge1 houses the ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a41 the museum1 classrooms1 and laboratories2 several other fine buildings of brick and stone are on the campus2 chapel contains portraits4 ,washington ,seminary1 recognized as one of the oldest and best institutions for women students1 one square south of college1 was built1 #ahcf4 ,bradford ,house1 first stone house in this locality1 was built1 #agid1 by ,colonel ,william ,bradford1 a leader in the ,whiskey ,insurrection4 ,residence1 ,dr4 ,francis ,julius ,le ,moyne1 native of this town1 built in #ahab1 ,east ,maiden ,street near ,main1 is one of the landmarks2 he was a brilliant scholar1 abolitionist1 and promoter of the underground railroad2 he built the first crematory in ,america1 located south of ,washington1 first cremation1 ,baron de ,palen1 in #ahgf4 ,dr4 ,le ,moyne was cremated1 #ahgi4 ,the ,presbyterian ,church leads1 with the other principal denominations represented1 also ,jewish ,synagogue4 ,west from ,washington1 the ,campbell family founded the ,disciples1 or ,christian ,church1 on ,buffalo ,creek4 ,the ,cumberland ,road1 built1 #ahaa1 brought an almost unbroken stream of home seekers through this town1 en route to the west2 bridges and culverts built about the same time still stand1 models of solid masonry and good engineering1 one is between ,washington and ,claysville1 town named for ,henry ,clay1 who had an interest in the road and frequently came here4 ,,canonsburg1 laid out1 #aghg1 by ,colonel ,john ,canon1 population #aj1fcb1 a portion of his first grist mill is on original location near ,chartier's ,creek4 ,jefferson ,college chartered1 #ahjb2 oldest building erected in #ahcj2 on ,north ,central ,avenue1 highest ground in town2 was outgrowth of ,dr4 ,john ,mc,millan's ,log ,cabin ,latin ,school from #aghb2 first classical school west of the ,allegheny ,mountains1 his cabin stands on the campus1 marked by a bronze tablet1 placed by the ,phi ,gamma ,delta ,fraternity1 custodians2 having been removed from its original site1 two miles south of town2 ,franklin ,hall1 converted into a ,memorial ,hall in #aijj1 contains portraits of college presidents and professors between #ahjb-fi1 also collections of old books from several early libraries and literary societies2 may be seen by applying to any of the ,memorial ,hall ,committee4 ,stone edifice1 opposite campus1 built by ,john ,roberts1 ,esq1 who conducted a school and kept post office here in #ahja1 parts of walls are said to be part of stone ,academy ,building1 erected by ,colonel ,canon1 for which he donated the ground in #agij2 it was merged with the ,log ,cabin ,school to form ,jefferson ,college4 ,two-story building at northeast corner of ,central ,avenue and ,pike ,street1 now grocery and hardware store1 was site of the ,joshua ,emery's ,hotel2 here ,president ,james ,monroe was entertained in #ahag4 ,on east side of ,north ,central ,avenue1 between ,pike and ,college ,streets1 vacant lot1 site of ,black ,horse ,tavern1 notable as the resort of men who rifled the mail sacks1 when letters supposed to contain evidence against violaters of the excise laws were stolen1 en route to ,philadelphia from ,pittsburgh1 #agid4 ,residence #fb-fh ,east ,pike ,street1 built by ,dr4 ,jonathan ,letherman1 before #ahcj1 here ,dr4 ,john ,mc,millan died in #ahcc2 the flower garden1 with brick wall1 was laid out by a landscape gardener brought from ,philadelphia by ,dr4 ,letherman1 original designs still retained4 ,the ,hutchinson house1 north side1 ,west ,college ,street1 corner of ,hutchinson ,avenue and adjacent lots1 once the ,hutchinson farm1 was where the 8,whiskey boys0 encamped in #agid1 here also 8musters0 were held before the ,civil ,war4 ,chartiers ,presbyterian 7,hill7 ,church and burial ground1 one mile south of ,canonsburg1 is where ,dr4 ,john ,mc,millan began his pastorate in #agge1 and was buried2 here1 ,woodrow ,wilson's father was also a former pastor2 this site became a rendezvous for the ,whiskey ,insurrectionists in #agid4 ,a natural park of seventy acres1 within east side of the borough1 acquired by gift1 is a beautiful breathing spot for the whole community4 ,about one mile northeast of ,canonsburg1 at ,morganza1 is the ,western ,pennsylvania ,industrial ,school2 the ,morgan ,lands1 eleven hundred acres1 was the home of ,general ,george ,morgan1 ,indian agent in ,pittsburgh #agge-gi2 a portion of his residence is still standing1 about midway between ,morganza and ,pollock2 here he was visited by ,aaron ,burr in #ahjf4 ,general ,morgan and his two sons were summoned to ,richmond1 as witnesses1 when ,burr was tried for treason4 ,,monongahela1 an important town1 first called ,parkinson's ,ferry1 then ,williamsport2 the men here took an active part in the ,whiskey ,insurrection1 #agid4 ,it furnished its quota of soldiers1 known as the ,williamsport ,rangers1 for the ,war of #ahab4 ,monument to ,colonel ,hawkins1 and to the ,philippine veterans4 ,james ,gillespie ,blaine was born at ,west ,brownsville in #ahcj4 ,,amity1 southern part of ,washington1 near county line1 was the residence of ,solomon ,spalding1 born in ,connecticut1 minister of the ,congregational ,church2 here he wrote the 8,manuscript ,found10 or ,book of ,mormon2 he was not a robust man1 and spent many hours writing this romance1 with no idea of founding a religious sect2 he would read his book in the evenings to the men gathered in the general store2 died1 #ahaf1 age fifty-five1 grave marked by large granite block4 ,,xiii ,,fayette ,,county ,organized ,september #bf1 #aghc2 named in honor of the ,marquis de ,lafayette2 occupied prominent place in ,indian1 ,revolutionary1 and later wars4 ,on ,jacobs ,creek1 a mile and a half above the point where it empties into the ,youghiogheny ,river1 stands the ruins of the first furnace for the production of pig iron1 west of the ,allegheny ,mountains2 the furnace was put in blast ,november1 #agij1 and was known as the ,alliance ,iron ,works1 operated by ,william ,turnbull and ,peter ,marmie of ,philadelphia2 it continued in blast until #ahjb using the native ores from the neighboring hillsides1 and charcoal burned from the surrounding forests2 in #agib the company cast four hundred six-pound shot for the ,fort ,pitt ,arsenal at ,pittsburgh4 ,coal mining and coke are now the chief industries4 ,connellsville coke is known throughout the industrial world4 ,aboriginal inhabitants were the ,shawnee ,indians1 who made various earthworks and burial mounds1 along the ,monongahela and ,youghiogheny ,rivers before their migration southward2 it was part of the 8,hunting ,grounds0 of the ,iroquois ,confederation2 the 8,indian ,title0 was extinguished by treaty at ,fort ,stanwix1 #agfh4 ,in #agdi ,nemacolin1 a ,delaware ,indian1 guided ,colonel ,thomas ,cresap from ,wills ,creek1 ,cumberland1 ,maryland1 to the mouth of ,dunlap's ,creek1 where ,illustration3 ,,fayette ,,county ,fort ,burd was erected in #agei1 on site of 8,redstone ,old ,fort10 an ,indian earthwork1 now ,brownsville2 this was called ,nemacolin's trail1 and was the best course for the ,ohio ,company to reach the ,ohio ,river4 ,it was followed by ,washington1 with ,christopher ,gist1 to the ,french forts in #agec1 the first actual step here1 in conflict with ,france4 ,during the 8,french and ,indian ,war0 ,fayette ,county was the scene of some of the most thrilling events in ,american history4 ,in #agde ,washington's expedition to gain possession of the ,ohio ,valley followed this trail to drive the ,french from 8,the ,forks0 7,pittsburgh72 he advanced to ,gist's ,plantation at ,mount ,braddock1 then retreated to ,the ,great ,meadows1 ,fort ,necessity1 marked by tablet at ,mount ,washington1 where he was defeated by the ,french under ,m4 ,coulon de ,villers2 previous to this1 ,washington had met a detachment of ,french soldiers under ,m4 ,coulon de ,jumonville1 in which ,jumonville was killed1 grave marked by tablet2 first blood shed in ,french and ,indian ,war4 ,in #agee ,major ,general ,edward ,braddock's expedition against ,fort ,duquesne followed ,nemacolin's trail to ,mount ,braddock1 thence over ,catawba trail1 which enters ,fayette ,county at mouth of ,dunkards ,creek2 northward through ,uniontown1 crossing the ,youghiogheny 7,stewarts ,crossing7 at ,connellsville1 on through ,mount ,pleasant to ,westmoreland ,county1 ,hunkers1 ,circleville1 to ,mc,keesport2 crossing the ,monongahela1 then recrossing below at mouth of ,turtle ,creek4 ,general ,braddock1 mortally wounded in the battle of the ,monongahela1 was carried back over the road he had opened to a point on the ,cumberland ,road1 ,national ,pike1 where he died and was buried2 ,washington read the ,episcopal burial service over him2 grave marked by monument1 erected by officers of his old regiment1 the 8,coldstream ,guards of ,england40 ,braddock's ,road became the main highway for settlers of ,southwest ,pennsylvania and ,kentucky2 the entire course is full of historic interest2 sites of encampments1 blockhouses and ,indian forts2 some are marked4 ,,uniontown1 county seat1 formed1 #aggf2 population #ae1fib4 ,courthouse1 ,italian ,renaissance2 stone2 architects1 ,e4 ,m4 ,butz and ,william ,kauffman1 ,pittsburgh4 ,presbyterian ,church has fine ,tiffany windows4 ,mr4 ,james ,hadden1 the historian of ,fayette ,county1 has a life-size bust of ,washington1 cut by himself from the wood of a wild cherry tree1 which grew within the lines of ,fort ,necessity1 in #aghd4 ,washington owned the land on which the tree stood4 ,two miles south is ,fort ,gaddis1 only frontier or settlers' fort now standing in ,fayette ,county1 marked by tablet in #aijh2 there were sixteen such forts in this county1 built of heavy logs1 making durable houses for the frontiersmen1 and safe retreat for neighboring settlers4 ,,connellsville2 population #ac1hjd4 ,on grounds of the ,carnegie ,free ,library is a bronze statue of ,colonel ,william ,crawford1 pioneer and patriot1 who1 in #agfe1 built the first cabin home within limits of ,connellsville2 killed by ,indians in #aghb2 sculptor1 ,charles ,s4 ,kilpatrick2 tablet on base placed by ,pennsylvania ,historical ,commission4 ,trinity ,lutheran ,church1 ,italian ,renaissance2 native white sandstone1 trimmed with ,indiana limestone2 built1 #aiaa2 contains copy of ,bougereau's 8,resurrection40 ,in the tower is chime of twelve bells4 ,architect1 ,j4 ,c4 ,fulton1 ,uniontown4 ,lafayette was entertained1 in #ahbe1 at 8,friendship ,hill0 near ,new ,geneva1 the home of ,albert ,gallatin1 member of ,congress1 ,minister ,plenipotentiary from the ,united ,states to two courts of ,europe1 signer of the ,treaty of ,ghent1 ,secretary of the ,treasury in ,jefferson's and ,madison's administrations2 the house was built1 #aghi1 enlarged1 #ahhb1 and with the estate of seven hundred acres1 is still of great beauty2 ,albert ,gallatin's library remains just as he left it1 on a high eminence1 overlooking the ,monongahela ,river1 on the edge of a precipice three hundred feet above the river1 the view is said to be similar to that from ,heidelberg ,castle2 the main entrance is near the old ,morgantown ,road1 an historic highway4 ,illustration3 ,,franklin ,,county ,,xiv ,,franklin ,,county ,formed ,september #i1 #aghd2 named for ,benjamin ,franklin1 whose fame was then world-wide4 ,earliest settlers ,scotch-,irish1 later ,germans4 ,chief industry agriculture1 the land east is limestone and very fertile2 west1 slate lands prevail1 abounding in pure streams and rich meadows2 the ,conococheague and ,conodoquinet ,creeks drain the central part of the county1 they are crossed by many stone arch bridges of graceful architecture1 the most notable is at ,hiester's ,mill1 three arches4 ,the principal road1 now part of the ,lincoln ,highway1 enters the county near the historic ,thaddeus ,stevens ,iron ,works1 built1 #ahcg1 at ,caledonia1 which comprised about #bj1jjj acres1 now in ,state ,forestry ,reservation1 and with the ,mont ,alto tract1 makes a total of about #dj1jjj acres2 the mill and machinery were entirely destroyed1 in #ahfc1 by order of ,general ,early1 on account of ,stevens' well-known activity as an abolitionist2 this road was route of greater part of ,lee's ,army to and from the battlefield of ,gettysburg to ,chambersburg2 site of encampment before the battle1 a little beyond the hospital1 east from ,chambersburg4 ,other roads leading west1 of historic interest1 are the ,two ,mountain1 and the ,path ,valley1 formerly ,indian trails4 ,county seat1 ,,chambersburg1 settled1 #agfd1 population #ac1aga4 ,in ,centre ,square is a boulder with tablet commemorating the burning of ,chambersburg by ,confederate ,cavalry1 ,july #a1 #ahfd4 ,facing the square are the brick courthouse1 ,southern colonial with fluted columns1 cupola and clock1 contains portraits of judges2 and the ,central ,presbyterian ,church1 with ,tiffany windows4 ,near are1 ,miller's drug store on site of ,jack ,tavern1 where the first court was held in #aghd1 large mortar in front was made from one of the pillars of the burned courthouse4 ,united ,states ,post ,office1 ,main and ,king ,streets1 built1 #aiab1 semi-classic1 light colonial brick with gray stone facing4 ,masonic temple1 built1 #ahbc1 saved by ,confederate ,masons when the town was burned4 ,zion ,reformed ,church1 built1 #ahab1 exterior unchanged1 particularly good lines in steeple1 has ,tiffany windows4 ,on ,king ,street stands the house ,john ,brown occupied1 second from ,union ,baptist ,church2 ,nicklas store1 on ,main ,street near ,queen1 is site of old tavern where ,president ,washington and ,alexander ,hamilton spent the night1 en route to quell the ,whiskey ,insurrection in #agid2 ,market ,house1 ,second and ,queen ,streets1 built1 #ahcj1 brick1 colonial1 with clock tower4 ,,wilson ,,college comprises seven buildings1 including ,thompson ,memorial ,hall1 built1 #aijd1 modified ,gothic1 with auditorium and fine organ1 architect1 ,george ,c4 ,baum1 ,philadelphia4 ,falling ,spring ,presbyterian ,church and ,chapel1 organized1 #agcf1 services first held in ,benjamin ,chamber's sawmill1 present church built1 #ahjc1 chapel1 #ahgc1 native stone1 has ,tiffany memorial windows to ,judge and ,mrs4 ,alexander ,thomson1 parents of ,frank ,thomson1 ,esq4 ,rocky ,spring ,presbyterian ,church1 four miles northwest from ,chambersburg1 built1 #agid by the ,scotch-,irish1 colonial1 with high1 straight-backed pews1 and original old high pulpit1 with sounding board1 pewter ,communion service from ,england and ten-plate stoves4 ,dr4 ,mc,intosh preached here2 has an interesting old graveyard1 keys kept at adjoining farmhouse4 ,the 8,,mont ,,alto ,,park10 formerly a famous picnic ground1 now in charge of ,state ,forestry ,commission1 in the ,south ,mountain1 in old maps named 8,the ,valley of a ,thousand ,springs10 contains an old ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 near which is a native boulder1 with granite tablet1 marking the place where ,captain ,john ,e4 ,cook1 of ,john ,brown's ,army of ,liberation1 was captured and disarmed1 ,october #be1 #ahei1 erected by the ,kittochtinny ,historical ,society1 #aiji4 ,the ,,state ,,forest ,,academy is here1 where the state educates its foresters1 free of all cost2 in #aijj1 the ,bureau of ,forestry had grown to the point where it should be raised to the rank of a department1 of which the chief should be a member of the ,governor's cabinet2 there was strenuous opposition1 but owing to the flood of letters received by members of the ,legislature1 from the women of the ,state ,federated ,clubs1 the change was made1 and ,pennsylvania takes a commanding place in the ,forestry and ,conservation movement4 ,the ,,white ,,pine1 ,,state ,,sanatorium1 ,,no4 #a1 free for consumptives1 is also here1 one of the largest in the world4 ,south is ,,waynesboro2 good roads and notably fine scenery in this section4 ,,greencastle1 birthplace of ,robert ,mc,clelland in #ahjg1 see ,honor ,roll2 directly north1 on ,state ,road1 is monument1 to mark where ,corporal ,william ,h4 ,rhil fell1 first soldier killed on ,northern soil in ,civil ,war4 ,,mercersburg1 settled between #agcj-ce1 population #affc2 named for ,general ,hugh ,mercer1 who was killed in the ,battle of ,princeton4 ,mercersburg ,academy1 ,main ,hall1 built1 #ahcc1 used as hospital for wounded soldiers1 on retreat from ,gettysburg1 is a notable example of ,southern colonial architecture1 with fine pillars and surmounted by a cupola2 the '#hh ,dormitory1 given largely by class of #ahhh of ,princeton ,university1 is ,tudor ,gothic1 brick and white stone2 ,kiel ,hall1 the refectory1 interior1 baronial ,gothic with frescoes and hangings by ,tiffany2 over mantel1 in wood1 carved by ,john ,j4 ,maene1 is 8,the ,boar ,hunt0 from design by ,a4 ,stirling ,calder2 notable collection of ,university shields in glass and wood2 mosaic armorial design in hearth2 ,laucks ,hall1 ,tudor ,gothic1 has mural painting in trophy room1 8,the ,victor10 representing a ,mercersburg boy being crowned victor in athletic skill1 artist1 ,edward ,howland ,blashfield1 also collection of portraits of distinguished men1 including ,president ,james ,buchanan1 ,thomas ,a4 ,scott1 and ,w4 ,m4 ,irvine1 by ,william ,merritt ,chase2 ,dr4 ,e4 ,e4 ,highbee1 by ,carroll ,beckwith2 and ,dr4 ,thomas ,apple by ,john ,w4 ,alexander2 the new gymnasium1 architect1 ,frank ,miles ,day1 has stained glass by ,tiffany4 ,historic houses on ,main ,street1 one in which ,harriet ,lane ,johnston was born1 built1 #aghh1 by ,colonel ,robert ,parker1 friend of ,lafayette1 has interesting interior woodwork2 and residence of ,dr4 ,william ,magaw1 who dressed ,lafayette's wounds after the battle of ,brandywine1 grounds now in campus of ,academy4 ,near ,mercersburg1 ,irwinton ,mills1 a picturesque spot on the west branch of the ,conococheague1 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,victor ,in trophy room of the ,mercersburg ,academy ,painted by ,edwin ,h4 ,blashfield birthplace of ,jane and ,elizabeth ,irwin1 who were married to the ,harrison brothers2 ,jane was mistress of the ,white ,house in #ahda1 ,elizabeth became the mother of ,president ,benjamin ,harrison4 ,east of town1 birthplace of ,william ,findlay1 see ,honor ,roll4 ,president ,james ,buchanan was born at ,cove ,gap1 three miles from ,mercersburg1 birthplace marked by monument erected by will of his niece1 ,harriet ,lane ,johnston2 the house was later removed to ,lafayette ,street1 ,mercersburg4 ,the famous ,packer's ,path1 used by pack horses1 leads from ,stony ,batter across the mountains to ,pittsburgh4 ,site of ,fort ,mc,cord1 near ,yankee ,gap1 at ,north ,mountain is where twenty-seven pioneer settlers were massacred or carried into captivity by ,indians in #agef1 and thirty-two provincial soldiers killed or wounded in their effort at rescue2 marked by native stone monument #aiad1 erected by the ,enoch ,brown ,association1 and ,pennsylvania ,historical ,commission4 ,northeast is the ,enoch ,brown ,park1 with monument sacred to the memory of ,enoch ,brown and eleven scholars massacred by ,indians here in #agfd1 during the ,pontiac ,war4 ,large collection of ,indian curios found near here are owned by ,benjamin ,snively1 ,jr4 ,south1 is site of ,fort ,loudoun1 marked4 ,natives of ,franklin ,county1 in the ,world's ,honor ,roll are1 ,samuel ,adams1 ,senator from ,mississippi2 ,george ,washington ,buchanan1 ,united ,states ,district ,attorney for ,dakota2 ,james ,buchanan1 #agia-ahfh1 schoolboy in ,mercersburg1 lawyer1 member of the legislature and of congress1 ,minister to ,russia1 member of ,united ,states ,senate1 ,secretary of ,state1 ,minister to ,great ,britain1 fifteenth president of the ,united ,states2 ,edmund ,r4 ,calhoun1 ,rear ,admiral1 ,united ,states ,navy2 ,hugh ,s4 ,campbell1 ,united ,states ,district ,attorney for ,dakota2 ,george ,chambers1 #aghf-ahff1 ,judge of the ,supreme ,court of ,pennsylvania2 ,matthew ,st4 ,clair ,clark1 ,clerk of the ,united ,states ,house of ,representatives2 ,colonel ,thomas ,hartley ,crawford1 ,judge of the ,united ,states ,court1 ,district of ,columbia1 and ,commissioner for ,indian ,affairs2 ,george ,eyster1 ,assistant ,united ,states ,treasurer at ,philadelphia2 ,william ,findlay1 #agfh-ahdf1 ,state ,treasurer1 ,united ,states ,senator1 ,governor1 ,assistant ,united ,states ,treasurer at ,philadelphia2 ,henry ,harbaugh1 #ahag-fg1 theologian1 poet1 hymn-writer2 ,robert ,johnston1 ,collector of ,excise1 appointed by ,president ,washington2 ,john ,maclay1 member of the convention at ,carpenters' ,hall2 ,samuel ,maclay1 ,united ,states ,senator2 ,william ,maclay1 first ,united ,states ,senator from ,pennsylvania1 died1 #ahbe2 ,robert ,mc,clelland1 ,united ,states ,secretary of the ,interior1 ,governor of ,michigan2 ,james ,mc,lane1 ,member of the ,supreme ,executive ,council and of the ,pennsylvania ,council of ,censors1 member of the convention at ,carpenters' ,hall2 ,john ,williamson ,nevin1 #ahjc-hf1 ,president of ,franklin and ,marshall ,college1 theologian1 author1 preacher2 ,william ,m4 ,nevin1 #ahjf-ib1 poet1 teacher2 ,james ,potter1 ,major ,general of the ,continental ,army2 ,john ,rowe1 ,surveyor-,general of ,pennsylvania2 ,thomas ,a4 ,scott1 ,assistant ,secretary of ,war1 ,president ,pennsylvania ,railroad2 ,frank ,thomson1 ,president ,pennsylvania ,railroad2 ,joseph ,williams1 ,chief ,justice of the ,supreme ,court of ,iowa4 ,,xv ,,montgomery ,,county ,formed ,september #aj1 #aghd2 named in honor of ,general ,richard ,montgomery2 ranks third in state as to amount of money at interest paying state tax2 notable for fine suburban residences and for ,washington's itinerary and ,camp at ,valley ,forge1 with #aa1jih men4 ,the ,valley ,forge ,park ,commission acquired1 in #ahic1 #dgb acres1 partly in ,chester ,county1 to maintain and preserve forever the ,revolutionary camp ground2 ,american army here from ,december #ai1 #aggg1 to ,june #ai1 #aggh2 soldiers built their huts #af #ad feet by #f feet high1 each to accommodate twelve men1 and bore their sufferings from cold1 starvation1 and sickness like heroes2 facts of interest are3 ,baron von ,steuben came from ,germany with his secretary1 ,peter ,s4 ,du ,ponceau1 after having served as aide-de-camp to ,frederick the ,great2 he was appointed inspector general of the ,american army1 and gave them military training and discipline2 ,mrs4 ,washington came to ,valley ,forge ,february #bg1 #aggh2 on ,may #ah1 a detachment under ,marquis de ,lafayette moved to ,barren ,hill1 but the ,british came in force against them1 and they retreated over ,matson's ford1 ,conshohocken1 on a bridge of rafts2 on ,june #ah1 ,british evacuated ,philadelphia1 ,june #ai1 ,washington and army left ,valley ,forge in pursuit4 ,a marker is placed where ,general ,sullivan and soldiers built a bridge across the ,schuylkill in #aggh2 ,illustration3 ,,montgomery ,,county redoubts and intrenchments have been restored2 every point of interest has been marked with granite tablets by various historical societies1 and by the states whose sons suffered here2 bronze equestrian statue of ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 sculptor1 ,h4 ,k4 ,bush-,brown1 made1 #aijh1 marks site of cantonment of his troops2 near this is replica of a brigade hospital1 a soldier's hut2 and the bronze statue of ,general ,friederich ,wilhelm von ,steuben1 granite pedestal with bronze relief2 sculptor1 ,j4 ,otto ,schweizer1 erected1 #aiae1 by ,national ,german-,american ,alliance4 ,national ,memorial ,arch1 one of the most beautiful structures of its kind1 granite1 designed by ,paul ,p4 ,cret1 was erected by the ,united ,states ,government in #aiad1 as a tribute to ,general ,washington and his regiments4 ,washington's headquarters 7home of ,isaac ,potts71 open daily1 #h ,a4,m4 to #f ,p4,m41 is arranged as when he occupied it2 ,washington ,inn was used as army bakery during encampment1 ovens in basement1 originally home of ,colonel ,william ,dewees1 sheriff of ,philadelphia1 and owner1 with ,john ,potts1 of the forge2 the ,star ,redoubt2 the ,defenders' ,gate2 ,cemetery2 and ,view from observatory on ,mount ,joy are interesting2 ,museum of ,american ,history contains rare relics of ,washington and the war4 ,washington ,memorial ,protestant ,episcopal chapel1 and the ,cloister of the ,colonies1 in which each of the thirteen colonies will be represented by a bay1 in the center of each is the colonial seal in brass2 ceiling1 hand carved oak1 in the central boss of each1 the state coat of arms2 the ,cloister incloses the ,garth in which is a bronze statue1 8,sacrifice and ,devotion10 by ,bela ,pratt1 in honor of the mothers of the nation2 the porch gates were wrought by ,samuel ,yellin1 hammered in the iron are the symbols of the four ,evangelists1 the lock has a miniature ,liberty ,bell as a keeper1 and the sliding bolt passes through the knapsack of a ,continental soldier1 guarding the lock2 windows in the chapel from ,d',ascenzo ,studios4 ,waterman ,monument marks the grave of only identified soldier buried here4 ,across the ,schuylkill is ,fat ,land built by ,james ,vaux2 ,washington slept here ,september #ba1 #aggg2 the next day1 ,sir ,william ,howe came here and almost caught him4 ,at ,port ,kennedy1 one and one-half miles east of ,valley ,forge1 prehistoric bones of sabretooth tigers and extinct animals are found4 ,west of ,valley ,forge1 ,mill ,grove1 built1 #agfb1 still standing1 residence of ,john ,james ,audubon2 here he studied1 painted1 and wrote about 8,birds of ,america0 that have made him world-famous4 ,near1 at the mouth of ,perkiomen ,creek1 ,washington's army encamped at ,richardson's ,ford1 ,september #ba1 after marching all night1 wet breast-high1 and hungry1 one thousand men without shoes4 ,howe moved on west of ,schuylkill toward ,reading1 the depot of ,american supplies1 having burned buildings at ,valley ,forge on his way1 and reached ,phnixville1 ,fountain ,inn4 ,washington marched his troops to ,upper ,hanover1 within four miles of ,pottstown2 his headquarters was residence of ,john ,potts1 built #agec2 and sent ,general ,wayne with fifteen hundred men to harass the rear of ,british army under ,general ,gray1 but they were outnumbered by the ,british1 and massacred at ,paoli2 marked by two monuments4 ,illustration3 ,,perkiomen ,,bridge1 ,,built #agih1 ,,collegeville ,photograph by ,fred ,p4 ,powers ,,pottstown1 founded by ,john ,potts1 population #ag1dca2 noted for its iron industries since #agaf2 ,mill ,park ,hotel1 built1 #ageb1 for residence of founder1 who was visited here by ,washington4 ,friends ,meeting ,house1 built1 #ageb1 ground given by ,john ,potts2 he also gave ground for ,zion ,lutheran ,church1 ,georgian1 #agec4 ,residences of founder's three sons1 ,dr4 ,jonathan ,potts1 ,director ,general of ,hospitals1 ,northern ,department1 in the ,revolutionary ,war1 8,stowe10 west of ,pottstown2 ,samuel ,potts1 east of ,pottstown1 now 8,hill ,school02 ,john ,potts1 ,jr41 a ,tory judge1 corner of ,high and ,hanover ,streets1 center of town1 later1 residence of ,general ,arthur ,st4 ,clair2 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution tablet on side4 ,emmanuel ,lutheran ,church1 architects1 ,lechman ,murphy1 windows from ,d',ascenzo ,studios2 ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,gothic2 brownstone2 good memorial windows2 was received in ,convention in #ahbg2 ,pottstown ,hospital is controlled by ,board of ,women ,managers1 also the ,library1 in which art exhibitions are shown4 ,not until ,william ,penn came was any effort made to manufacture iron in ,pennsylvania4 ,having iron furnaces of his own at ,hawkhurst1 ,england1 he was interested to encourage the industry here4 ,thomas ,rutter1 ,bailiff of ,germantown from #agje-jf1 after ,pastorius1 moved up the ,schuylkill on patent of land from ,william ,penn1 deed still in the family1 and established in #agag1 the 8,pool ,forge10 on ,manatawny ,creek1 three miles above ,pottstown2 he was first in ,pennsylvania to manufacture iron2 ore is still being mined from the same beds4 ,among the great names in our early iron industry1 ,rutter and ,potts stand pre-eminent2 the list of forges and furnaces on the ,manatawny and its branches1 owned by their intermarried families1 before the ,revolution1 include ,mount ,pleasant furnace and forge2 ,spring forge2 ,colebrookdale furnace and forge2 ,amity forge2 ,rutter's forge2 ,pool forges2 ,pine forge and ,little ,pine forge4 ,near ,boyertown is ,ringing ,rocks1 a natural curiosity2 they make a complete octave4 ,michael ,schlatter preached at ,manatawny in #agdh1 also in the ,reformed ,church1 built in #agdc4 ,mc,calls1 or ,glasgow ,forge1 on ,manatawny ,creek1 still in operation1 was erected in #agbe1 on land conveyed by ,william ,penn to his son1 ,john1 in #agja2 #ad1fjj acres2 sold to ,george ,mc,call of ,glasgow1 ,scotland1 in #agce2 who also had interest in ,colebrookdale furnace managed by ,thomas ,potts1 ,jr41 which supplied ,mc,call's forge with pig iron4 ,green ,lane ,forge1 on ,perkiomen ,creek1 notable for its excellent blooms1 was built in #agcc by ,thomas ,mayberry2 earliest settler in ,marlborough township1 who bought #abaj acres1 supplied with pig iron from ,durham ,furnace1 ,bucks ,county2 equipment1 water wheel1 huge bellows1 tuyere pipe1 open hearth forge1 melting pots1 and conelike charcoal kilns4 ,,montgomery ,,county ,,automobile ,,trip ,,to ,,valley ,,forge 7,return by ,schuylkill ,river ,drive to ,philadelphia7 ,from ,thirty-second and ,market ,streets1 ,philadelphia1 out ,lancaster ,avenue1 first turnpike in ,united ,states1 completed in #agid1 pattern for all subsequent roadbeds2 main highway to ,pittsburgh1 once thronged with teams1 coaches1 and ,conestoga wagons with six horses1 making twenty miles a day2 trip from ,philadelphia to ,pittsburgh and return1 #ccc miles1 in six weeks2 wayside inns were located a mile apart4 ,originally part of ,indian trail2 later ,king's ,highway2 ,lancaster ,pike2 ,main ,line2 now ,lincoln ,highway1 made free of tolls ,july #ae1 #aiag4 ,,overbrook1 ,roman ,catholic ,theological ,seminary1 ,st4 ,charles ,borromeo1 contains painting1 8,crucifixion10 by the late ,thomas ,eakens4 ,the ,pennsylvania ,institution for the ,instruction of the ,blind1 designed by ,e4 ,a4 ,allen1 ,spanish ,renaissance1 #ahih1 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson1 considered finest residential school for blind in the world1 particularly well-equipped for the purpose4 ,montgomery ,county1 near ,,narberth station1 old ,merion meeting house1 built1 #afie1 stone1 sharp roof1 curious pointed gables over doors1 peg is still shown where ,william ,penn hung his hat when he rose to preach2 beyond is site of ,penn cottage1 built1 #afie4 ,,merion1 ,dr4 ,barnes' ,art ,museum1 built of imported ,french limestone2 modern art4 ,,ardmore1 ,st4 ,paul's ,lutheran ,church and burial ground1 log church1 built1 #agfi1 present church1 #ahgc4 ,red ,lion ,inn1 still standing4 ,,haverford1 ,haverford ,college for boys1 founded in #ahcc by ,society of ,orthodox ,friends1 life is focused inward1 neither sight nor sound of the outer world reaches the campus of #bbe acres1 on which are farm and woodland1 cricket and football fields1 tennis courts1 a running track and skating pond2 the arrangement of buildings1 chiefly modern colonial1 from #ahcc-aiab1 shows the result that comes only by slow growth and care2 architects1 ,w4 ,s4 ,vaux2 ,cope ,stewardson2 ,w4 ,f4 ,price2 ,baily ,bassett4 ,library contains over four hundred ,babylonian clay tablets1 from #bejj ,b4,c42 ,harris collection of ,oriental manuscripts2 seven hundred reproductions in fictile ivory1 of ancient and medieval carved ivories in ,british ,museum1 from second to eighteenth centuries2 ,roberts autographs1 more than #aa1jjj items1 covering period from late fifteenth century to present day2 some portraits of ,haverford alumni4 ,old ,haverford meeting house1 near ,cobb's ,creek1 stone1 built1 #afif1 has horse block used by ,william ,penn in dismounting2 chimney had curious openings in outside wall1 through which fire wood was introduced to the hearth1 their position is still traceable4 ,the ,buck ,tavern1 built1 #agcb1 now ,haverford ,house4 ,,bryn ,,mawr1 #dae feet above sea level 7,welsh1 great hill74 ,bryn ,mawr ,college1 founded by ,dr4 ,joseph ,w4 ,taylor1 of ,burlington1 ,new ,jersey1 in #ahhj1 to establish 8,an institute for advanced learning1 for women to have equal advantages with men40 ,the college has continued a high standard of academic work1 and maintains graduate school for women doing research work in all branches4 ,buildings1 chiefly varieties of ,gothic architecture1 stone1 date from #ahhb-aiac1 architects1 ,addison ,hutton1 ,cope ,stewardson1 ,c4 ,francis ,osborne1 ,lockwood de ,forest1 and ,winsor ,soule2 the ,library1 ,jacobean ,gothic1 period1 #afcj1 incloses cloister garden with center fountain1 bosses of cloister arches are carved by hand1 sculptor1 ,alec ,miller from ,england4 ,memorial brasses1 set in wall1 were designed by ,lockwood de ,forest4 ,reading room contains portraits of ,president ,m4 ,carey ,thomas1 by ,john ,s4 ,sargent1 and ex-,president ,james ,e4 ,rhoads1 by ,william ,m4 ,chase4 ,,rosemont1 residence1 ,alba ,johnson1 ,esq41 late ,tudor1 is typical of ,main ,line residences1 many of them ,norman or ,english2 grounds in woodland and best traditions of ,english landscape gardening2 marble statue of ,eve1 made #ahee1 by ,bartholomew1 ,rome2 lead statuary1 ,neptune and horses fountain1 from ,bronze ,grove ,guild1 ,worcester1 ,england1 ,walter ,gilbert1 sculptor2 the grounds may sometimes be seen by writing to owner for permission4 ,,villa ,,nova1 ,roman ,catholic ,college and monastery4 ,bernard ,corr ,memorial ,hall1 old ,english ,gothic1 built1 #aiab-ad2 architects1 ,durang ,son4 ,,radnor1 ,delaware ,county1 ,friends meeting house1 built1 #agah1 used as hospital for ,morgan's riflemen and ,potter's brigade in #aggh2 ,st4 ,david's ,church1 built1 #agae1 by the congregation1 named for patron ,saint of ,wales2 native stone1 used as hospital in ,revolutionary ,war1 leaden sash1 melted for bullets2 ,swedish missionary at ,wicaco held first services here2 ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 vestryman1 is buried in church grounds2 his monument was erected by ,pennsylvania ,society of the ,cincinnati in #ahji2 ,judge ,william ,moore and wife1 buried under the door-step2 their daughter was the wife of the first ,provost1 ,william ,smith1 ,u4 of ,p4 ,communion service given by ,queen ,anne4 ,,wayne1 ,general ,wayne ,inn1 hotel since #agjg1 ,wayne's encampment near in #agib1 before his western campaign against ,indians4 ,chester ,county1 ,lincoln ,highway to ,strafford1 ,township ,line ,road to ,,valley ,,forge1 see page #bec4 ,return1 ,montgomery ,county1 ,valley ,forge road to 8,king of ,prussia0 ,inn1 built1 #agdi2 continue on ,gulph ,road to ,gulph ,mills1 stone1 built1 #agdg1 ,boulder ,monument1 inscription1 8,gulph mills1 the main ,continental ,army commanded by ,general ,george ,washington1 encamped in this vicinity ,december #ac to ,december #ai1 #aggg1 on way to ,valley ,forge1 erected by the ,pennsylvania ,society1 ,sons of the ,revolution1 #ahib40 ,over ,gulph ,creek near ,gulph station1 ,philadelphia ,western ,railroad1 is stone bridge1 inscription 8,montgomery ,county1 ,upper ,merian 7,merion7 ,township1 #aghg2 ,in the second year of the ,foederal 7,federal7 ,union40 ,,west ,,conshohocken4 ,matson's ,ford1 over which ,lafayette retreated from the ,british in #aggh1 continue along ,schuylkill ,river drive to ,belmont ,avenue1 through ,fairmount ,park to ,philadelphia4 ,,montgomery ,,county ,,automobile ,,trip ,,on ,,old ,,york ,,road1 ,,to ,,doylestown1 ,,bucks ,,county1 ,,leading ,,to ,,center ,,bridge ,old ,york ,road1 original stage route to ,new ,york1 laid out in #agaa1 from city line to ,center ,bridge4 ,,elkins ,,park station4 ,residence of the late ,p4 ,a4 ,b4 ,widener1 8,lynnewood ,hall10 notable for one of the finest art collections in the ,united ,states2 near by1 residence of ,william ,l4 ,elkins has notable art gallery1 both galleries may sometimes be seen by writing to owners for cards of admission4 ,south of ,chelten ,avenue1 stone bridge1 two arches1 date1 #agic2 opposite is only milestone of old series south of the ,neshaminy1 it is the seventh milestone mentioned in ,washington's orders for the attack on ,germantown4 ,west1 is residence of the late ,lucretia ,mott1 ,oak ,farm1 near ,la ,mott1 now ,latham ,park4 ,,ogontz1 residence of the late ,jay ,cooke1 financier of the ,civil ,war2 named for an ,indian chief whom he had met4 ,over ,tacony ,creek is stone bridge1 inscription1 8,cheltenham bridge1 #agih1 #g miles to ,phila40 ,church ,road1 near ,myers ,mill1 ,cheltenham1 site1 country residence of ,william ,penn2 on part of this land is country residence of the late ,john ,wanamaker4 ,at ,washington ,lane1 southeast boundary of ,jenkintown1 is large oak tree where ,washington rested his white horse4 ,a quarter of a mile east of ,jenkintown is ,abington ,friends meeting house1 organized1 #afhb1 built1 #afig by ,william ,jenkins from ,wales2 stone2 long piazza2 old shutters with strap hinges and iron hooks1 door latch and knobs2 all in keeping with its period of construction1 fine old trees in grounds are well cared for4 ,one mile north1 ,,rydal station1 ,ogontz ,school for ,girls1 lately in ,jay ,cooke mansion1 organized about #ahej1 by ,misses ,bonney ,dillaye3 ,collegiate ,gothic1 built1 #aiag2 architects1 ,cope ,stewardson1 has ,art ,department4 ,through ,meadowbrook1 one mile east to ,,bethayres1 residence1 ,henry ,mc,carter1 artist4 ,one mile north1 ,,bryn ,,athyn1 name means 8,hill of ,cohesiveness10 a ,swedenborgian educational community4 ,library contains the most valuable collection of ,swedenborg's writings in the world4 ,here is being erected a cathedral2 architect1 ,ralph ,adams ,cram1 gift of ,john ,pitcairn2 like the cathedrals of old1 all work is prepared on the grounds2 wood-carving and stonecutting by hand2 glass manufactured1 models made2 the workmen in consultation with the donor and the architect to obtain the best results4 ,return to ,york ,road4 ,,abington1 library1 originally ,jenkintown ,lyceum1 built1 #ahcj1 lately remodeled1 modern colonial1 contains valuable collection of books bequeathed by ,john ,lambert1 artist1 who also left #ej1jjj in trust for purchasing paintings by young artists at annual exhibitions in ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts4 ,presbyterian ,church built1 #agad1 is said to be third in this country2 in #agdj ,george ,whitefield preached here to three thousand persons in one day4 ,,willow ,,grove ,,park2 pleasure resort2 fine concerts given throughout the summer season1 by ,sousa and others4 ,north on ,doylestown ,pike1 ,,horsham1 ,graeme ,park1 colonial1 stone house1 hipped roof1 residence1 ,sir ,william ,keith1 from ,scotland1 ,baronet of ,ludquhairn1 ,aberdeenshire1 ,lieutenant ,governor of ,pennsylvania1 #agag-bf2 he laid foundation of the military system1 encouraged putting out paper currency1 and inaugurated a military display at ,penn's death2 property later owned by ,dr4 ,thomas ,graeme1 his son-in-law2 ,governor ,keith's coat of arms is on a large iron plate in the fireplace2 in the yard is an antique slave bell and stone strength tester4 ,quaker meeting house1 built1 #ahjc4 ,approaching ,,hatboro1 stone bridge leads ,york ,road over ,pennypack ,creek1 inscription 8,hatborough1 #aghj1 #af ,m4 to ,p40 ,it is said this bridge was built in #ahbd1 stone taken from an older bridge4 ,battle of 8,crooked ,billet10 name of near-by tavern1 fought in #aggh1 a small company of ,americans under ,colonel ,john ,lacy were attacked by ,british under ,lieutenant ,colonel ,abercrombie1 and nearly all killed2 white marble monument was erected here in #ahfa4 ,continued in ,bucks ,county4 ,,montgomery ,,county ,,automobile ,,trip ,,from ,,chestnut ,,hill ,,to ,,camp ,,hill ,,and ,,fort ,,washington 7,return by ,norristown to ,philadelphia7 ,at ,chestnut ,hill1 on ,bethlehem ,pike1 we enter ,whitemarsh ,valley 7,umbilicamince71 named from mists of ,wissahickon ,creek2 near by is ,,erdenheim1 ,carson ,college1 on one hundred acres of ground1 richly endowed by ,robert ,n4 ,carson1 for orphan girls1 that they may have the same benefits which ,girard ,college has accorded to orphan boys2 the architect1 ,albert ,kelsey1 has planned his design to be an allegorical vision of woman's life1 combining beauty1 utility1 and sympathy2 he eliminates the usual large central buildings1 the administration and classrooms being in the nature of a college settlement which make up in beauty what they lack in size1 and may be expanded as occasion demands4 ,passing the ,wheel ,pump and ,black ,horse1 famous early hotels4 ,colonial houses2 ,presbyterian and ,lutheran churches with their burial grounds2 to junction with ,skippack ,road4 ,st4 ,thomas ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 contains ,communion service given by ,queen ,anne1 first log chapel built by ,edward ,farmer1 #afij2 stone church built1 #agaj1 on first site2 during the ,revolutionary ,war1 church was occupied by various military forces1 used as fort by ,british with guns in windows2 the gravestones1 long1 flat pieces of slate on four columns1 used as cooking stoves1 with fires lighted underneath1 upright stones were marks for target practice1 bullet holes may still be seen in them4 ,american forces camped here ,november #bb1 #aggg2 being warned by ,lydia ,darragh of a ,british attack1 when the enemy made their appearance1 ,general ,wayne opened fire from ,fort ,washington1 the ,british retreating with a loss of one hundred men4 ,whitemarsh church is repeatedly mentioned in ,washington's diary as a center of operations2 present church1 near first site1 consecrated1 #ahha4 ,gothic1 native stone1 interesting interior1 with high pointed roof and narrow lancet memorial windows1 all made abroad but one1 8,angel of the ,resurrection10 by ,tiffany2 high on west wall is a rose window2 three small lights in the ,george and ,anna ,catherine ,sheaff window are said to have been painted by ,albrecht ,durer2 reredos1 8,christ ,breaking the ,bread10 painted in ,italy2 altar1 ,indiana limestone with carved angels kneeling2 the rood screen with loft1 ,english quartered oak1 is exquisitely carved4 ,encircling a window is mural decoration by ,marianna ,sloan4 ,in the burial ground is an ,iona ,cross1 marking last resting place of ,henry ,howard ,houston1 for whose memorial ,houston ,hall was given to the ,university of ,pennsylvania4 ,view from north door of church shows1 east1 ,camp ,hill2 in valley below1 ,washington's headquarters1 stone house two and a half stories1 one-half mile east from ,camp ,hill station1 ,pennsylvania ,railroad1 left wing of army1 posted rear of house2 here ,washington decided to establish fortified encampment at ,valley ,forge2 ,december #ab1 whole army ordered to march to ,valley ,forge1 via ,swedes ,ford1 ,norristown1 where they crossed the ,schuylkill on a bridge of wagons1 with rails laid over them2 8,swedes ,ford10 hotel built1 #agbc1 still standing1 at ,bridgeport4 ,north of ,st4 ,thomas ,church we locate ,fort ,washington by its flagstaff1 in center of earthwork thrown up by ,general ,anthony ,wayne's men4 ,west1 from ,church1 ,militia ,hill1 where some of the stones1 used as anchors for tents1 are still in position2 at foot of hill is ,wissahickon ,creek1 over which leads the high railroad bridge belonging to the ,trenton cut-off of the ,pennsylvania ,railroad4 ,passing ,fortside ,inn1 north1 on ,bethlehem ,pike1 is stone marker1 inscription 8,about #gjj feet south of this stone is an ,american ,redoubt and site of ,howe's threatened attack1 ,december #f1 #aggg2 from here ,washington's army marched to ,valley ,forge4 ,erected1 #ahia1 by the ,pennsylvania ,society1 ,sons of the ,revolution40 ,farther on ,bethlehem ,pike1 over ,sandy ,run1 is the village of ,,fort ,,washington1 now home of the ,darby ,school of ,painting1 a summer art school conducted by ,hugh ,h4 ,breckenridge1 member of the faculty of the ,pennsylvania ,academy of the ,fine ,arts1 there science of color is taught in its fullest significance4 ,on ,engertown ,road is old ,friends meeting house4 ,farther1 on ,limekiln ,pike1 is ,pennsylvania ,school of ,horticulture for ,women1 post office1 ,ambler1 founded in #aiaj1 thorough training1 through all seasons1 eliminates waste of costly inexperience1 and fits a woman for a life that is healthful1 attractive1 and remunerative4 ,near ,sumneytown and ,butler ,pike is 8,three ,tuns ,inn40 ,gwynedd1 meeting house1 built1 #agjj1 ,welsh ,quakers worshiped here4 ,down ,butler ,pike to ,,ambler1 residence of ,dr4 ,r4 ,v4 ,mattison1 built1 #ahij1 ,scotch baronial style1 wrought iron gates designed in ,munich2 opposite is ,trinity ,memorial ,church1 ,romanesque1 noted for its beautiful windows1 designed by ,f4 ,s4 ,lamb1 original1 and adapted from paintings by world famous artists1 of scenes in ,christ's life1 made by ,j4 and ,r4 ,lamb2 interior paneled in oak1 similar to ,house of ,parliament1 ,london2 font1 ,italian marble1 good design4 ,through ,morris ,road1 over bridge crossed by ,washington's army1 between ,morris and ,skippack roads1 one mile west of ,ambler1 is stone residence1 built by ,abraham ,dawes in #agcf1 was ,washington's headquarters1 ,october #ba1 #aggg4 ,out ,skippack ,road1 on road from ,center ,square to ,,heebnerville1 ,washington's headquarters1 ,october #af2 residence of ,peter ,wentz1 still standing1 two story1 stone1 built1 #ageh4 ,out ,township line to ,,kulpsville1 on ,sumneytown ,road1 ,baptist or ,mennonite meeting house1 here are buried ,general ,francis ,nash of ,north ,carolina1 and other officers who died of wounds received in the ,battle of ,germantown4 ,northwest1 one mile1 ,,harleysville1 residence of ,henry ,funk1 ,bishop of ,mennonite ,church1 who with the ,dunkards of ,ephrata1 made translation1 in #agdh1 from the ,german1 of ,tielman ,jan van ,braght's great historical book of the ,mennonites1 termed the noblest specimen of ,american colonial bibliography2 ,henry ,funk's mill1 still standing1 known as ,musselman's ,mill1 contains a parchment deed1 date1 #agcc1 with great seal of the province and signature of ,thomas ,penn4 ,return to ,skippack ,road1 to ,pennypacker's ,mills1 ,,schwenksville1 residence of the late ,governor ,samuel ,pennypacker1 two story1 stone house1 ,washington's headquarters before and after ,battle of ,germantown2 army marched down ,skippack ,road1 #g4jj ,p4,m41 ,october #c1 to attack the enemy2 here ,october #g1 ,washington received a committee of ,friends1 appointed by the ,yearly ,meeting1 against war2 ,schwenksville was settled by ,schwenkfelders from ,silesia in #agcd2 ,casper ,schwenkfeld preached1 in #aebc1 doctrines accepted by ,george ,fox in #afdh1 were forerunners of ,quakers4 ,perkiomen ,seminary1 at ,pennsburg1 originated in a school founded by ,schwenkfelders1 #agfd4 ,down ,perkiomen ,creek road1 over finest old stone bridge in state1 five arches1 built1 #agii1 architect1 ,george ,lewis1 carries ,ridge ,road over ,perkiomen ,creek at ,,collegeville1 ,ursinus ,college2 ,co-ed ,lutheran1 portraits by ,albert ,rosenthal4 ,and old ,providence meeting house4 ,one mile west1 at ,,trappe1 ,augustus ,church1 oldest ,lutheran church in ,united ,states2 built1 #agdc2 unaltered2 used as hospital for ,american soldiers during ,revolutionary war2 ,henry ,melchior ,muhlenberg was sent from ,halle1 ,germany1 in #agdb1 to organize this church in ,pennsylvania2 first regularly ordained preacher1 reports he sent to ,halle supply much early1 original information4 ,his sons1 born here1 were ,general ,peter ,muhlenberg1 pastor of church in ,shenandoah ,valley1 who called on his congregation to enlist in the ,revolutionary ,war1 and ,frederich ,augustus1 speaker1 ,first ,national ,congress1 #aghi4 ,,evansburg1 ,st4 ,james ,protestant ,episcopal ,church and schoolhouse1 built about #agjj1 contains ,bible1 prayer book1 and old walnut ,communion table1 sent over by the ,english ,society in #agbc1 to its foreign mission4 ,revolutionary soldiers are buried in the church yard4 ,here is an eight arch stone bridge1 date #agib4 ,,norristown1 county seat1 settled1 #aghd1 population #cb1cai4 ,courthouse built1 #agia1 native white marble2 on grounds is ,rittenhouse monument1 granite shaft1 dedicated #ahgf1 marks the meridian4 ,jail1 built1 #ahea1 red sandstone1 castellated ,norman1 architect for courthouse and jail1 ,n4 ,le,brun4 ,historical ,society of ,montgomery ,county has local historical collections4 ,st4 ,john's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,gothic1 dedicated1 #ahae1 ,revolutionary soldiers are buried in its grounds4 ,montgomery ,trust ,company1 ,greek1 ,ionic1 ,westerly granite and ,indiana limestone1 facing public square1 on site of first hotel in ,norristown4 ,in ,montgomery ,cemetery are buried ,charles ,heber ,clark 7,max ,adler71 and ,general ,winfield ,scott ,hancock4 ,,plymouth ,,meeting1 old ,friends meeting house1 built1 #agae1 stone1 used as hospital during ,revolutionary ,war1 ,thomas ,hovenden1 artist1 buried in grounds2 residence of ,mrs4 ,thomas ,hovenden 7,helen ,corson71 was a noted underground railway station for refugee slaves4 ,stone bridge over ,plymouth ,creek1 date1 #agif2 stone bridge carrying ,germantown and ,reading ,railroad over ,plymouth ,creek1 date1 #ahjb4 ,,barren ,,hill1 ,lafayette and detachment of army attacked here by ,british1 ,may #ah1 #aggh4 ,,roxborough1 ,philadelphia1 ,st4 ,timothy's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church has frieze1 procession of angels4 ,through ,ridge ,avenue to ,wissahickon ,drive1 ,fairmount ,park1 to ,philadelphia4 ,,xvi ,,dauphin ,,county ,seat of state capital2 formed ,march #d1 #aghe2 named for title of the ,dauphin of ,france1 then ,louis ,,xvi1 in recognition of aid rendered to the colonies in ,revolutionary ,war4 ,chief industries iron and steel2 in the north1 anthracite coal4 ,high mountain ranges1 with valleys of rich rolling farm lands1 intersected with many streams1 show much scenic beauty4 ,,harrisburg1 county seat2 laid out in #aghe2 population #ge1iag4 ,the state capitol's best approach is from ,third and ,south ,streets1 the massive pile looms up in exquisite proportion1 one is impressed with the inherent dignity of the faade1 controlled by a well-proportioned dome2 dedicated in #aijf2 architect1 ,joseph ,w4 ,huston2 ,roman and ,italian ,renaissance1 with influence of ,greek ,corinthian2 dome suggests ,st4 ,peter's in ,rome2 bronze doors1 designed by ,j4 ,w4 ,huston1 were modeled by ,otto ,jansen2 superb groups of statuary on either side of the main entrance typify1 8,the ,joy1 and ,burden of ,life10 sculptor1 ,george ,gray ,barnard2 within the rotunda is the splendid collection of battle flags1 #cgh1 owned by the state2 one of the most interesting of the kind4 ,mural decorations1 the ,rotunda2 ,economic 8,triumphs of the ,state10 artist1 ,sir ,edwin ,a4 ,abbey2 from large lunettes show the 8,spirits of ,commerce1 ,oil 7,light71 ,coal1 ,steel02 four pendentives contain single ,illustration3 ,,dauphin ,,county allegorical figures1 ,religion1 ,art1 ,literature1 ,science2 governor's reception room2 frieze1 artist1 ,violet ,oakley1 8,foundations of the ,state of ,liberty ,spiritual40 ,lunettes1 artists1 ,john ,w4 ,alexander and ,w4 ,b4 ,van ,ingen1 8,growth and ,expansion of the ,state of ,liberty ,spiritual10 by the establishment of various religious bodies that came to the new colony4 ,house of ,representatives2 wainscoting of marble from the ,french ,pyrenees2 above the large windows are stained glass by ,w4 ,b4 ,van ,ingen2 paintings by ,abbey1 8,the ,apotheosis of ,pennsylvania10 with figures that stand as portraits1 8,penn's ,treaty with the ,indians10 and 8,the ,reading of the ,declaration of ,independence10 planned by ,abbey and finished in his studio after his death2 the dome contains his exquisitely painted decoration1 symbolical of the 8,passage of the ,hours02 only one of ,abbey's paintings for the senate room was finished1 his 8,valley ,forge10 it has been placed with his others in the ,house of ,representatives2 ,miss ,oakley's paintings were unveiled there in ,february1 #aiag2 she will also decorate the ,supreme ,court ,room4 ,the ,moravian tiled pavement was designed and manufactured by ,dr4 ,henry ,c4 ,mercer2 these artists were all born in ,pennsylvania2 the consecutive line of historical and idealistic thought in the decorations was a conception of the architect4 ,in ,capitol ,park1 sixteen acres1 notable for shrubbery and flowers1 is a bronze equestrian statue1 ,general and ,governor ,john ,frederick ,hartranft2 sculptor1 ,frederick ,w4 ,ruckstuhl2 also ,mexican monument1 white marble1 erected by the state in #ahfh1 in memory of citizens lost in war with ,mexico1 #ahdf-dh4 ,an elementary course of art is taught in nearly every public school in ,pennsylvania1 prepared by the ,department of ,public ,instruction at ,harrisburg1 the basis of all art instruction in normal schools2 nearly every summer school in the state offers a course in freehand drawing1 and special courses for both grade teachers and supervisors4 ,harrisburg is famous for her park system1 the #igb acres extend along the river front1 and to the center of the city for over a mile4 ,harris ,park1 four acres1 from ,paxton ,street to ,mulberry ,street2 contains monument to ,john ,harris1 first settler1 and ,john ,harris1 ,jr41 founder of the city2 facing the park1 below ,mulberry ,street1 is the ,harris residence1 stone1 built in #agff2 little changed from the original form2 ,lincoln ,park1 two and one-fourth acres1 from ,mulberry ,street to ,market ,street1 contains memorial1 8,in memory of ,j4 ,conrad ,weiser1 #afif-agfd1 ,provincial ,interpreter1 and his friend ,shikellimy1 #afhc-agdh1 an ,oneida ,chief40 ,erected about #aiaa4 ,facing this park is the building of the ,historical ,society of ,dauphin ,county1 with interesting museum4 ,promenade ,park1 three and one-half acres1 ,market to ,state ,streets2 and the ,d4 ,w4 ,gross ,park1 two acres1 ,water to ,herr ,streets1 with bronze memorial statue1 a charging soldier1 in memory of ,sylvester ,p4 ,sullivan4 ,reservoir ,park1 eighty-eight acres1 contains the city reservoir1 giving a lake setting1 with elaborate planting of flowers and shrubs2 best scenic view is from this elevation4 ,wildwood ,park1 #fff acres1 has a large lake for boating4 ,the ,boulevard or ,parkway1 #adf acres1 is along streams1 through ravines1 and meadows2 landscape architect1 ,warren ,h4 ,manning4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,joy ,,and ,,burden ,,of ,,life ,harrisburg ,state ,capitol ,george ,gray ,barnard1 ,sculptor ,photographed by ,boyd ,p4 ,rothrock1 ,curator ,st4 ,patrick's ,procathedral2 architect1 ,george ,i4 ,lovatt2 ,renaissance2 main altar1 marble1 is reproduction of ,bernini's altar in ,st4 ,peter's1 ,rome4 ,in ,grace ,protestant ,episcopal ,church is a painting by ,e4 ,irving ,couse1 8,adoration by the ,shepherds40 ,soldiers' ,monument1 ,state and ,second ,streets1 8,to the ,soldiers of ,dauphin ,county1 in #ahfa-fe2 erected by their fellow citizens in #ahfi40 ,bronze tablet in west wall of the ,camp ,curtin ,school ,house1 corner of ,sixth and ,woodbine ,streets2 commemorating site of old ,camp ,curtin1 #ahfa-fe2 placed in #aiaa1 by ,keystone ,chapter1 ,united ,states ,daughters of #ahab4 ,memorial ,market ,street entrance to the ,city of ,harrisburg2 eastern approach to new bridge1 formerly the old 8,camel ,back10 includes two columns from the old burned state capitol1 and commemorative bronze tablets1 designed by ,a4 ,sterling ,calder2 architect1 ,albert ,kelsey2 presented by the ,henry ,mc,cormick ,estate under auspices of the ,harrisburg ,civic ,club2 erected and dedicated in #aijf4 ,,hershey1 the chocolate town1 a model village1 out of which daily roll fifteen cars loaded with candies and chocolate2 in #aiae ,dunkards came from all over the ,united ,states to the annual conference of the 8,church of the ,brethren10 held in convention hall which seats six thousand1 built for them by ,m4 ,s4 ,hershey1 largest meeting in the history of their church4 ,the ,susquehanna ,river1 one mile wide here1 is spanned by three other bridges2 ,mulberry ,street viaduct is said to be largest reinforced concrete bridge in the world1 designed and erected by ,james ,h4 ,fuertes2 stone arch bridge of the ,pennsylvania ,railroad at ,rockville1 said to be the largest four-track stone bridge in the world4 ,historic buildings2 residence of ,william ,maclay1 first ,united ,states ,senator from ,pennsylvania1 built in #agia2 original building intact1 with large wing added2 on upper river front above ,south ,street1 used later by the ,harrisburg ,academy4 ,old ,derry ,church1 ,derry ,township1 a ,presbyterian settlement since #agbd1 first log church built in #agcb2 present stone building on first site1 built1 #ahhc2 has burial ground of much historic interest2 ,old ,hanover ,church1 ,presbyterian1 eleven miles from ,harrisburg1 first log church built on ,bow ,creek in #agce2 present building closed2 the ancient burial ground is chief point of interest4 ,old ,paxtang ,church1 ,presbyterian1 three miles east of ,harrisburg1 first log church said to have been built in #agaf1 with burial ground2 present stone building built1 #agdj4 ,bronze gate and tablet at ,paxtang ,cemetery is memorial to soldiers of the ,french and ,indian ,war and the ,revolution2 dedicated in #aijf by ,harrisburg ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,fort ,hunter1 five miles from ,harrisburg on ,fort ,hunter and ,fishing ,creek ,road1 was laid out about #agfj1 on a high bluff facing the ,susquehanna ,river1 colonial house1 built in #ahad by ,colonel ,archibald ,mc,allister1 is on foundations of an ,english blockhouse known as ,hunter's ,fort4 ,,xvii ,,luzerne ,,county ,formed ,september #be1 #aghf2 named in honor of ,anne ,csar1 ,chevalier de la ,luzerne1 minister from ,france to the ,united ,states #aggi-hc4 ,ranks third in number of inhabitants of ,pennsylvania counties4 ,along either bank of the ,susquehanna1 a broad and shallow river1 lie rich1 fertile1 alluvial bottom lands1 mostly well cultivated2 bounding them are ranges of hills and mountains #abjj-afjj feet above sea level2 other mountains in the northwest of the county attain an altitude of #bbjj feet4 ,in the northeast lies the historic ,wyoming ,valley1 ,indian name1 ,maughwauwama1 or large plains1 a long1 oval basin from ,campbell's ,ledge to ,nanticoke ,falls1 some sixteen miles in length1 with an average breadth of three miles4 ,luzerne ,county lies within the limits of the ,connecticut ,charter1 granted in #affb1 and within the limits of the ,pennsylvania ,charter granted in #afha2 this double ownership caused much contention in later years1 finally the ,susquehanna ,company of ,connecticut was victorious2 settlers now came rapidly1 and by #aggh were distributed in several villages1 with schools1 churches1 and all the characteristics of ,new ,england orderliness and thrift1 enthusiasm and devoted patriotism4 ,the ,british leader1 ,colonel ,john ,butler1 saw that this settlement was exposed in position1 and that they had sent the ,illustration3 ,,luzerne ,,county best part of their militia to serve in ,washington's army1 so with a company of his own rangers1 a regiment of ,johnson's ,greens1 and a band of ,indians1 in all about #abjj men1 he took the warpath from ,niagara2 they journeyed down the ,susquehanna in bark canoes1 landed above the settlement1 and began their work of murder and plunder1 harrowing incidents are made known by ,campbell in his 8,gertrude of ,wyoming40 ,the women and children were placed in the fort4 ,at the junction of ,fort and ,river ,streets1 in the borough of ,,forty ,,fort2 a conglomerate boulder with bronze tablet1 marks the site of 8,forty ,fort10 erected by the ,connecticut settlers in #aggb4 ,from this fort1 on ,july #c1 #aggh1 the ,wyoming ,militia1 numbering about #cjj1 mostly old men and boys1 marched forth to oppose the invading ,british troops and ,indians1 fight the ,battle of ,wyoming1 and meet with complete defeat and atrocious massacre1 in which the ,british officers were unable to set any bounds in the butchery of their savage allies2 next day the fort was taken2 the ,indians burned all the houses2 the inhabitants fled to the woods1 and the valley was abandoned2 a hundred women and children perished of fatigue and starvation4 ,on ,wyoming ,avenue in the borough of ,wyoming is the 8,wyoming ,monument10 marking the burial place of many of the patriots who were slain in the battle and massacre2 dedicated ,july1 #ahdf4 ,on ,susquehanna ,avenue near ,seventh ,street is 8,queen ,esther's ,rock10 a half-breed queen of the ,senecas1 on which she tomahawked fourteen prisoners2 marked by a tablet1 placed by the ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution1 bearing this inscription1 8,upon this rock the ,indian queen ,esther slaughtered the brave patriots taken in the battle of ,july #c1 #aggh40 ,on the bank of the river1 near the ,pittston ,ferry bridge1 in the borough of ,,west ,,pittston1 is a small monument marking site of ,jenkins' ,fort1 destroyed by the ,british and ,indians ,july1 #aggh4 ,the ,battle of ,wyoming1 with the subsequent massacre1 was one of the important events of the ,revolutionary ,war1 as it led to the sending of the ,sullivan ,expedition in #aggi into the country of the ,six ,nations1 whereby the power of their confederacy was forever broken4 ,,white ,,haven ,township was the place of ,sullivan's army encampment1 in #aggi4 ,the oldest church in the county is in ,forty ,fort1 not far from the site of the old fort1 interior of the building remains as it was when erected in #ahjh2 in the burial ground are many old graves1 with headstones bearing quaint inscriptions4 ,other historic places marked by tablet or monument are1 site of a bridge built by the engineers of ,general ,john ,sullivan's army in the spring of #aggi1 on the banks of ,ten ,mile ,run1 northwest of ,bear ,creek ,village1 marked by boulder with tablet4 ,place where two commissioned officers1 and three others of ,general ,sullivan's army were ambushed and slain by ,indians1 ,april1 #aggi2 marked by boulder with tablet4 ,in the ,public ,square1 ,,wilkes-,,barre1 is a monument marking site of ,fort ,wilkes-,barre1 erected in #aggf-gg by the inhabitants of the town2 destroyed by the ,british and ,indians ,july1 #aggh4 ,on the river common1 at the foot of ,northampton ,street1 a boulder1 with tablet1 marks the site of ,fort ,wyoming1 erected1 #agga1 demolished in #aggd or #agge4 ,and at the foot of ,south ,street a boulder1 with tablet1 is erected near the site of ,fort ,durkee1 built in #agfi by first settlers from ,connecticut1 named for their leader1 ,major ,john ,durkee1 who founded and named ,wilkes-,barre in honor of ,john ,wilkes and ,colonel ,barre2 this fort fell into decay prior to #aggf1 it was located near site of a village occupied from #ageh-fc by a band of ,delaware ,indians under 8,king0 ,tedyuscung4 ,,wilkes-,,barre1 county seat1 was settled1 #aggb1 population1 #gc1hcc4 ,places of modern interest1 containing historical collections1 portraits1 and paintings1 open free to the public1 are the ,courthouse1 modified adaptation of classic1 the faade1 with ,ionic porch1 is very dignified1 surmounted by a ,gustavino dome2 architects1 ,osterling1 ,mc,cormick ,french2 said to be one of the handsomest and most elaborately decorated courthouses in this country2 contains mural paintings by ,e4 ,h4 ,blashfield1 ,kenyon ,cox1 ,will ,h4 ,low1 ,william ,t4 ,smedley1 ,c4 ,d4 ,hinton1 and others4 ,irem ,temple1 ,moorish design1 with tall slender minarets at each corner4 ,osterhout ,free ,library1 ,gothic4 ,wyoming ,historical and ,geological ,society4 ,the ,second ,national ,bank1 with interesting ,ionic porch at entrance1 steel frame1 faced with brick and concrete1 architects1 ,mc,cormick ,french4 ,first ,presbyterian ,church and ,st4 ,stephen's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church contain handsome memorial tablets and stained glass windows2 a fine bronze relief1 by ,j4 ,massey ,rhind1 is in ,st4 ,stephen's4 ,in the ,coal ,exchange ,building is the ,atherton ,atelier1 ,t4 ,h4 ,atherton1 ,jr41 ,superintendent1 ,architecture1 in coperation with ,society of ,beaux ,arts4 ,particular care has been given to improving the public parks located in different parts of the city4 ,public square in center1 and the river commons1 stretching along the bank of the ,susquehanna for a considerable distance1 are attractive and noteworthy4 ,opposite the city1 across the river1 is ,riverside ,park1 chiefly a natural grove of old trees4 ,the principal educational institution is ,wyoming ,seminary1 co-ed1 at ,,kingston1 founded in #ahdd1 conducted under auspices of the ,wyoming ,conference of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church1 ranks high as a college preparatory school and has an academic art course4 ,there are many places of scenic beauty2 notably the ,conyngham dairy and stock farms at ,hillside1 just outside ,wyoming ,valley1 on the road from ,kingston to ,harvey's ,lake1 which is #abbf feet above sea level2 one of the largest stock farms in the state1 covering #fea acres4 ,sugarloaf ,valley1 not far from ,,hazleton4 ,the ,hazleton ,country ,club4 ,glen ,summit ,springs and the neighboring country1 ,bear ,creek ,village1 and ,wyoming ,valley1 viewed either from ,campbell's ,ledge1 ,mount ,lookout1 or ,prospect ,rock4 ,the principal roads are maintained in good order1 and there are no toll roads in the county4 ,for many years the chief industry has been the mining of anthracite coal1 discovered here in #agfb2 for a considerable period it stood first among the counties in annual output2 first development of this coal for shipping to market from the ,wyoming region was in #aggf1 when two ,durham boats purchased cargoes from a mine operated by ,r4 ,greer1 near ,wyoming4 ,there are many large manufactories4 ,within a ten mile circle1 having ,wilkes-,barre public square as its center1 there were1 according to the ,united ,states census of #aiaj1 thirty-three smaller municipalities1 cities1 boroughs1 and hamlets1 having a total population1 including ,wilkes-,barre1 of #bff1iea4 ,the other principal towns of this county are ,hazleton1 population #cb1bgg2 ,nanticoke1 #bb1fad2 ,plymouth1 #af1ejj2 ,pittston1 #ah1dig2 ,west ,pittston1 #fifh2 ,kingston1 #hieb4 ,peter ,frederick ,rothermel1 prominent historical painter1 was born in ,nescopeck1 this county1 in #ahag4 ,illustration3 ,,huntingdon ,,county ,,xviii ,,huntingdon ,,county ,formed ,september #bj1 #aghg2 named by ,provost ,william ,smith1 of the ,university of ,pennsylvania1 in honor of ,selina1 ,countess of ,huntingdon1 a benefactress of the ,university2 lies within the central mountainous region1 being drained by the ,juniata4 ,many fine farms are on the rich soil of the river flats4 ,juniata iron early became famous1 and numerous iron works were erected2 the old ,bedford ,furnace was near ,orbisonia4 ,abundance1 variety1 and value of the ores2 rich and convenient deposits of limestone2 contiguity of the ,broad ,top1 ,allegheny and ,cumberland coal fields1 combine to indicate the importance of this country4 ,other industries are coal-mining1 lumber1 agriculture1 and manufactories4 ,large water-power dams of the ,pennsylvania ,central1 and ,raystown ,water ,power ,companies generate electric light and power4 ,,huntingdon1 county seat2 population #gjea1 largest town on the ,juniata4 ,the first white visitors to this region were traders1 in traffic with ,indians1 exchanging goods for furs and skins4 ,on incursions1 made before the middle of the eighteenth century1 they found a tribe1 a branch of the ,six ,nations1 located on the now southeast portion of this borough1 their wigwams circling around a pillar of stone1 #ad feet high and #f inches square1 covered with hieroglyphics supposed to be a record of their history and achievements4 ,this tribe1 besides hunting and fishing1 had cleared land and cultivated corn4 ,this stone was regarded with great veneration by the natives2 here they had assembled for centuries to hold their grand councils2 its conspicuous position and appearance led the white visitors to name the locality1 8,standing ,stone10 it stood above ,second ,street1 on or near #bjh ,allegheny ,street4 ,conrad ,weiser1 in #agdh1 and ,john ,harris1 in #aged1 in accounts of their journeys to the ,ohio ,river1 both describe this stone4 ,the ,proprietaries of this province1 ever mindful of the rights of the ,indians1 would not grant lands1 nor permit settlements to be made until the ,indian title had been purchased2 at a treaty held in ,albany1 in #aged1 the ,six ,nations1 consisting of the ,mohawks1 ,oneidas1 ,onondagas1 ,cayugas1 ,senecas1 and ,tuscaroras1 executed a deed to the ,proprietaries for a large portion of the province1 including the whole valley of the ,juniata2 soon after1 the resident tribe migrated1 and1 it is supposed1 carried the stone with them4 ,the seal of the borough has1 as its central figure1 a ,standing ,stone4 ,a second stone was erected by the settlers2 and in #ahif a third1 at ,penn and ,third ,streets2 as a memorial of the ancient standing stone of the ,indians4 ,fort ,standing ,stone was built here at an early date2 site about intersection of ,penn and ,second ,streets1 it was stockaded and provided with barracks1 blockhouses1 and magazines constructed of heavy hewn timber1 and was the place of many important incidents during troublesome times following the defeat of ,general ,braddock in #agee1 and until peace was made with ,great ,britain in #aghc4 ,provost ,william ,smith1 ,d4,d41 obtained the land in #agff from ,george ,croghan1 and numerous other tracts in the vicinity1 and in #agfg caused the town of ,huntingdon to be laid out1 now on the ,william ,penn ,highway2 the proprietor donating plots of ground for a public school1 cemetery1 and to each of six prominent religious denominations4 ,about #agig a post office was established here1 and ,john ,cadwallader was appointed postmaster2 a weekly mail was carried between ,harrisburg and ,huntingdon4 ,the most important public buildings1 architecturally1 are ,juniata ,college1 nine buildings1 erected #ahgh-aiaf2 the older buildings are colonial2 ,library1 ,gothic1 red brick with terra-cotta trimmings1 built1 #aijg2 contains memorial windows2 the ,church of the ,brethren on the college campus1 ,gothic2 ,mc,gee sandstone2 erected1 #aiaj2 members of this sect settled in this county in #agge2 and the ,j4 ,c4 ,blair ,memorial ,hospital1 ,spanish mission style1 light buff brick and ,indiana limestone trimmings1 on a commanding position overlooking the town4 ,e4 ,l4 ,tilton1 ,new ,york1 architect1 also of the ,college ,library and ,church of the ,brethren4 ,among the places of historic interest in the county are ,fort ,shirley1 built1 #agee1 on bluff near site of ,indian town of ,aughwick1 now ,shirleysburg4 ,mc,alevey's ,fort1 at the head of ,standing ,stone ,creek ,valley1 named for ,captain ,william ,mc,alevey1 afterwards general in the ,revolutionary ,war4 ,warm ,springs1 five miles northeast of ,huntingdon1 known1 in #agge1 as a resort for invalids4 ,pulpit ,rocks on the ,warriors ,ridge1 on the old pike between ,huntingdon and ,alexandria4 ,and ,jack's ,narrows1 where the ,juniata ,river cuts through ,jack's ,mountain1 west of ,mount ,union4 ,the ,pennsylvania ,canal extended through this county from ,shaver's ,aqueduct1 below ,mount ,union1 to line of ,blair ,county1 above ,water ,street2 here in ,indian times canoes came to receive supplies of lead4 ,two miles east is ,,alexandria1 laid out1 #agic2 in #ahjj the turnpike was completed to ,alexandria1 and stage service to ,harrisburg began2 fare charged travelers was six cents a mile2 this town was the shipping point of grain for the rich ,hart's ,log and ,shaver's ,creek valleys4 ,,xix ,,allegheny ,,county ,formed ,september #bd1 #aghh2 named from ,delaware ,indian word signifying 8,fair ,water40 ,surface undulating1 many elevations being precipitous4 ,is the center of one of the richest bituminous coal and natural gas districts in the world4 ,oil fields lie mainly in basins of ,allegheny and ,ohio ,rivers4 ,staple manufactures are iron1 steel and glass4 ,the history of ,allegheny ,county presents a greater variety of startling incidents than almost any other portion of the state4 ,mound builders were primeval inhabitants1 site of ancient fortifications are on ,chartier's ,creek1 eight miles from ,,pittsburgh1 county seat1 second city in size in the state1 on site of ,shannopin's ,town1 chief of about twenty families of ,delawares2 he attended councils with the ,governor2 his name is signed on several state archives4 ,by it ran the main ,indian path from east to west4 ,washington first came to 8,the ,forks10 in #agec1 on way to ,fort ,le ,boeuf4 ,the ,french possessed it as ,fort ,duquesne #aged-eh1 when it was conquered by ,general ,forbes2 ,general ,stanwix erected a stockade and named it ,fort ,pitt1 for the ,british premier4 ,in #agfd1 ,colonel ,bouquet built a redoubt on site of the ,fort2 old brick blockhouse is still standing1 ,penn ,avenue near ,second ,street4 ,first town of ,pittsburgh built near the ,fort in #agfj1 inhabitants enjoyed ,illustration3 ,,allegheny ,,county comparative quiet until #agfc1 when ,pontiac's ,war broke out and they were completely surrounded by savages1 later rescued by ,colonel ,bouquet4 ,in #ahaa first steamboat ever run on western waters was launched at ,pittsburgh1 the 8,new ,orleans40 ,in #ahci first iron steamboat made in the ,united ,states1 the 8,valley ,forge10 was built here4 ,the sister city1 ,,allegheny1 north side1 was incorporated with ,pittsburgh in #aijg1 combined population #ehh1cdc4 ,an art commission was organized1 #aiaa1 for an improvement in public works of art in ,pittsburgh1 and to educate public sentiment for civic beautification2 in #aiae1 ,e4 ,h4 ,bennett1 ,city ,planning ,architect of ,chicago1 was engaged to make a thorough economic and sthetic analysis of 8,the ,point10 at junction of the ,monongahela and ,allegheny rivers4 ,close to the business center is ,,schenley ,,park1 #ddj acres1 acquired by gift to the city in #ahhi1 contains the ,carnegie ,institute2 ,carnegie ,institute of ,technology2 ,phipps ,conservatory and ,hall of ,botany1 given by ,mr4 ,phipps in memory of his mother1 with one of the most beautiful bronze statues in the world1 8,mother and ,child10 ,french sculptor2 ,hawkins ,memorial1 a bronze portrait figure1 backed by wall of polished granite1 base and floor marble1 sculptor1 ,richard ,h4 ,couper1 erected1 #aijd1 in honor of ,colonel ,hawkins1 ,tenth ,pennsylvania ,regiment1 in ,spanish-,american ,war2 ,panther ,hollow1 in which is an arch bridge1 ,beaver ,county sandstone1 with panthers1 sculptor1 ,g4 ,moretti2 and two other stone arch bridges built in #ahib1 architect1 ,a4 ,l4 ,schultz4 ,near the ,forbes ,avenue entrance is the great central building of the ,,carnegie ,,institute1 established by ,andrew ,carnegie with large annual fund1 in perpetuity1 for purchase of objects of art and scientific collections2 built #ahib-ie1 ,italian ,renaissance1 sandstone1 architects1 ,alden ,harlow1 enlarged in #aijd-jg1 contains ,library1 ,music ,hall1 ,department of ,fine ,arts1 and the ,natural ,history ,museum1 in which are large collections of ancient pottery1 ,chinese glass1 and porcelains representing various eras2 jades and crystals2 valuable collections of coins and medals2 illuminated manuscripts and early printed books1 cut and uncut gems2 one of the largest collections of carved ivory in the ,united ,states2 and art metal work4 ,the ,library operates more than one hundred and seventy agencies for free distribution of literature1 within 8,greater ,pittsburgh40 ,on top of the building are four bronze groups1 representing ,science1 ,art1 ,literature1 and ,music4 ,bronze statues1 ,michelangelo and ,galileo1 are at entrance to ,art ,gallery4 ,entrance to ,music ,hall is through exquisitely designed bronze doors1 wrought in relief1 with bronze statues1 ,bach and ,shakespeare1 at either side4 ,these bronzes were designed and modeled in the studio of ,j4 ,massey ,rhind1 and cast in ,naples4 ,foyer to the ,music ,hall is considered the most beautiful portion of the ,institute2 here are twenty-four huge columns of ,tinos marble1 with gilded ,corinthian capitals2 and one of the finest organs in the world1 on which the greatest organists obtainable give concerts of highly classical music1 which are free1 every ,saturday night and ,sunday afternoon4 ,the great ,archer1 ,queen ,victoria's ,jubilee organist1 held this position for many ,illustration3 ,,gallery ,,of ,,the ,,sculpture ,,hall1 ,,carnegie ,,institute1 ,,pittsburgh years4 ,the ,hall of ,sculpture1 designed on lines of the ,parthenon1 is two stories high1 around the first story is a ,greek ,doric colonnade2 above this is a row of ,ionic columns1 all of the most flawless1 milk-white1 ,pantelicon marble1 dug out of the quarries from which the marble of the ,parthenon itself was obtained2 collections of sculpture represent1 chronologically1 its history from early ,egyptian to the ,renaissance of the sixteenth century4 ,among the artists represented in the permanent collection of paintings are ,dagnan ,bouveret1 8,disciples at ,emmaus02 ,winslow ,homer1 8,wreck02 ,whistler1 8,sarasate02 ,e4 ,a4 ,abbey1 8,the ,penance of ,eleanor02 ,george ,innes1 8,the ,clouded ,sun02 also ,anton ,mauve1 ,bastien ,le ,page1 ,raffaelli1 ,gari ,melchers1 ,jules ,simon1 and ,childe ,hassam4 ,annual exhibitions of international modern art are held in ,may and ,june1 and many others by different art societies during the year4 ,in the ,entrance ,hall are mural decorations by the late ,john ,w4 ,alexander1 a native of ,pittsburgh1 typifying 8,the ,apotheosis of ,pittsburgh02 they surround the staircase and galleries to the third floor4 ,art societies holding annual exhibitions at the ,carnegie ,institute are1 ,associated ,artists of ,pittsburgh1 organized1 #aiaj2 ,art ,society of ,pittsburgh1 organized1 #ahgc1 supported the ,pittsburgh ,orchestra for fifteen years1 and gives excellent free exhibitions and lectures2 ,duquesne ,ceramic ,club1 organized1 #ahia2 ,pittsburgh ,architectural ,club1 ,chapter ,architectural ,league of ,america1 organized1 #ahig4 ,pittsburgh ,etching ,club1 organized1 #aiji1 held exhibition of ,whistler's etchings in #aiad4 ,in the park1 west of this building1 is the ,christopher ,magee memorial fountain1 made in #aijg1 granite1 sculptor1 ,augustus ,saint ,gaudens4 ,in front is ,industry ,statue1 marble1 after model in the ,louvre1 ,paris4 ,the ,technical ,school1 brick1 built1 #aije1 architect1 ,henry ,hornbostel1 includes1 in the art course1 day and evening classes in applied design1 and department of architecture4 ,the ,pittsburgh ,athletic ,association1 architects1 ,janssen ,abbott1 has interior decorations by ,alfred ,herter1 and collection of paintings4 ,drinking fountain1 ,fifth ,avenue1 front of ,montefiore ,hall1 placed in #aiab1 granite1 with carved profile of an ,indian2 inscription1 8,catahecassa1 ,black ,hoof1 war chief of the ,shawnees10 was present at ,braddock's defeat in #aged1 a friend and ally of the ,united ,states4 ,in ,,schenley ,,farms1 directly opposite the entrance to ,schenley ,park1 is the ,university of ,pittsburgh1 on a natural amphitheater4 ,the buildings stand out very effectively against the sky line2 founded in #ahhg1 architect1 ,henry ,hornbostel2 landscape architect1 ,cass ,gilbert2 has departments of fine and industrial arts4 ,memorial ,hall to ,soldiers and ,sailors of the ,civil and ,spanish ,wars contains historic flags1 statues1 trophies and historical portraits4 ,other parks are ,,allegheny1 north side1 ninety acres1 with monuments in honor of ,washington1 equestrian1 made #ahia1 sculptor1 ,frederick ,mayer2 ,baron von ,humboldt1 made #ahfi2 ,thomas ,a4 ,armstrong2 and the ,hampton ,monument1 made #ahga1 granite shaft1 surmounted by bronze figure of a gunner1 commemorates the bravery of ,hampton's ,battery in the ,civil ,war4 ,within east entrance of ,allegheny ,cemetery is the ,arsenal ,explosion ,monument in honor of those who lost their lives ,september #ag1 #ahfb4 ,monument to ,general ,alexander ,hays1 who was killed in the battle of the ,wilderness1 in #ahfd1 by soldiers of his command4 ,gothic receiving vault4 ,the ,bindley mausoleum1 replica of ,napoleon's tomb in ,paris1 pure example of the ,renaissance1 has window by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet4 ,the ,porter ,angel and ,cross1 imported from ,italy1 fine example of marble carving4 ,the ,byers mausoleum1 imitation of ,temple of ,minerva at ,athens1 white granite4 ,near by is the ,united ,states ,arsenal1 in ornamental grounds4 ,,riverside ,,park1 on ,perrysville ,avenue1 #bag acres purchased by popular subscription in #ahid1 has beautiful drives and footpaths2 contains the observatory1 connected with ,allegheny ,university1 in which the telescope was made by ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,tillinghast1 in their home workshop opposite4 ,,highland ,,park1 #cjj acres1 northeast limit of city1 acquired1 #ahgb1 has main water reservoirs and the ,zoological ,gardens2 main gateway is #ef feet high with ,doric columns1 surmounted by bronze groups representing 8,welcome10 and bronze figures at base2 ,stanton ,avenue entrance has two granite pedestals surmounted by equestrian statues1 sculptor1 ,g4 ,moretti1 made #ahig2 in the park is ,robert ,burns statue1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,massey ,rhind2 and heroic bronze group1 portrait statue1 sculptor1 ,g4 ,moretti1 of ,stephen ,c4 ,foster1 #ahbf-fd1 standing pen in hand1 beside a negro who is seated and playing a banjo2 ,foster wrote 8,old ,uncle ,ned0 and 8,old ,folks at ,home02 was native of ,pittsburgh2 his grave is in ,allegheny ,cemetery4 ,the view from ,highland ,park is very beautiful4 ,highland and ,schenley ,parks are connected by ,highland ,avenue and the ,boulevard1 making a continuous drive which forms the ,carnegie promenade4 ,the ,soldiers' ,monument is on ,monument ,hill1 erected in #ahga1 to four thousand men of ,allegheny ,county killed in the ,civil ,war4 ,wayside ,fountain1 ,fifth ,avenue near ,woodland ,road4 ,churches with notable architecture and windows3 ,,rodef ,,shalom ,synagogue1 ,fifth ,avenue and ,morewood ,street1 architect1 ,henry ,hornbostel1 is said to have the finest tile dome in this country2 windows1 antique glass1 from original drawings1 made by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet4 ,,st4 ,,paul',s ,roman ,catholic ,cathedral1 ,fifth ,avenue1 corner of ,craig ,street1 stone1 fourteenth century ,gothic1 built1 #aijg1 architects1 ,egan ,prindeville2 has beautiful altar of carved ,carrara marble2 pews and pulpit made of bog oak from ,ireland2 bronze stations1 by ,seibel1 said to be largest and most artistic in the world2 the great west window transepts1 clerestories1 ornamental and heraldic glass made by ,willet1 in the later delicate ,french ,gothic spirit2 also there is here much modern ,german and ,english glass4 ,,first ,,baptist1 ,bellefield ,avenue and ,bayard ,street1 pure ,gothic1 fourteenth century1 stone1 built1 #aijb1 architects1 ,cram1 ,goodhue ,ferguson4 ,,third ,,presbyterian1 ,fifth ,avenue and ,south ,negley ,street1 one of the most beautiful ,gothic churches in the ,united ,states for spontaneity of design1 warmth1 and golden tints of stone2 architect1 ,theophilus ,p4 ,chandler2 windows by ,willet are 8,the ,illustration3 ,,the ,,crowning ,,of ,,labor ,fragment from the ,apotheosis of ,pittsburgh1 ,mural in the ,carnegie ,institute1 ,pittsburgh ,painted by ,john ,w4 ,alexander ,ten ,virgins10 made1 #aijd1 8,the ,holy ,city10 #aije1 of great beauty and color2 and fine ornamental windows in clear glass with heraldic ornaments1 in medieval hand-wrought lead2 transept windows by ,tiffany1 ,american opalescent glass2 east aisle window by ,kenyon ,cox2 west aisle by ,mc,causland1 ,toronto2 this is an excellent church in which to study the different schools of glass4 ,,calvary ,protestant ,episcopal1 ,shady ,avenue and ,walnut ,street1 ,bedford limestone1 thirteenth century ,gothic1 copy of ,netley ,abbey1 architect1 ,ralph ,adams ,cram2 the windows by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet are among the most notable contributions to stained-glass art in this country1 recalling those of the great ,chartres ,cathedral1 with amount of painting reduced to a minimum1 and lead treated as respectfully as the glass2 also a ,tiffany window1 and some excellent ,english glass4 ,,epiphany ,roman ,catholic1 ,washington and ,franklin ,streets1 ,romanesque1 with ,byzantine details1 contains some beautiful art work1 including 8,the ,twelve ,apostles10 by ,taber ,sears4 ,,first ,,presbyterian1 ,sixth ,avenue and ,wood ,street1 site deeded by ,john ,penn in #aghg2 stone1 ,french ,gothic1 erected in #aije1 architect1 ,t4 ,p4 ,chandler1 ,philadelphia1 has fine echo organ and chimes2 windows by ,tiffany1 ,lamb1 and ,clayton ,bell1 ,london2 medallion window and ornamental work by ,willet4 ,in ,,lutheran ,church1 ,sixth ,avenue1 sanctuary window by ,clayton ,bell1 purely flat decoration1 also window by ,frederick ,wilson4 ,,mount ,,alvernia ,chapel1 ,order of ,st4 ,francis1 contains mural decorations by ,william ,willet4 ,,methodist1 ,beech ,avenue1 ,,north ,,side1 stained glass window by ,tiffany4 ,near by is the ,carnegie ,free ,library1 ,federal and ,ohio ,streets1 ,romanesque2 ,fox ,island granite with red granite trimmings2 built1 #ahij2 architect1 ,h4 ,h4 ,richardson2 contains ,library1 ,art ,gallery1 and ,music ,hall2 in front is monument to ,colonel ,james ,anderson1 red granite with bronze portrait bust1 #aghe-ahfa1 sculptor1 ,daniel ,chester ,french4 ,allegheny ,post ,office1 ,french ,renaissance1 built1 #ahih1 noted for gold dome2 near by is colossal statue of 8,labor40 ,allegheny ,county ,courthouse1 ,fifth ,avenue and ,grant ,street1 ,romanesque1 ,worcester granite and marble1 tower #dbe feet high1 built1 #ahhh1 the masterpiece of the great architect1 ,h4 ,h4 ,richardson2 its interiors are equally imposing1 the proportions of the corridors and especially the fan lancet1 and convex-shaped ceiling1 with its thousands of interlacing arches1 twenty-one of which can be seen at one glance from the base of one of the stairways1 excites the admiration of all beholders2 it is without any other decoration but the beauty of its lines and shadows4 ,gaol is connected by facsimile of ,bridge of ,sighs4 ,frick building1 built in #aijb1 ,fifth ,avenue and ,grant ,street1 architects1 ,d4 ,h4 ,burnham ,co41 a granite office structure twenty stories high1 of the ,greek ,doric order2 erected to express grace and beauty2 batters from stylobate to cornice1 three feet narrower at top than base2 basement and entrance halls lined with ,carrara marble2 panels of ,pavonazzo marble in ceiling2 offices decorated with frescoes of the old ,italian school2 restaurant1 medieval ,german2 the ,club story1 ,louis ,,xiv style1 is in stucco1 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,block ,,house1 ,,pittsburgh marble1 bronze1 and frescoes2 two large bronze lions by ,phimister ,proctor are in entrance hall4 ,bank of ,pittsburgh1 ,fourth ,avenue near ,wood ,street1 classic1 ,alden ,harlow1 architects1 has mural decorations1 allegorical of ,pittsburgh1 by ,edwin ,h4 ,blashfield and the late ,francis ,d4 ,millet4 ,iron ,city ,bank1 ,westinghouse ,building1 mural decorations by ,william ,willet4 ,farmer's ,deposit ,bank1 sculptured frieze by ,j4 ,massey ,rhind4 ,chamber of ,commerce contains portraits of many prominent citizens4 ,friendship ,school1 ,friendship and ,graham ,streets1 historical paintings of ,penn1 ,washington1 and ,lincoln1 by ,william ,willet4 ,view of the city seen from ,mount ,washington1 with rivers and encircling hills1 is more or less enveloped in smoke1 excepting ,sunday4 ,seventy-five per cent of the smoke nuisance in ,pittsburgh has been abated4 ,,braddock1 population #bj1hgi1 on ,monongahela ,river1 twelve miles below ,pittsburgh1 famous1 first as battle ground1 ,general ,braddock's defeat by ,french and ,indians1 #aged1 when ,general ,washington won his spurs1 now is home of the ,carnegie ,steel ,company4 ,st4 ,mary's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 windows and mural decorations by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet1 ,philadelphia4 ,at mouth of the ,youghiogheny ,river1 so named by early explorers from hearing ,indians calling to each other across its width1 something that sounded like it1 and meaning 8,come again40 ,,mckeesport1 home of the ,national ,tube ,company1 producing more wrought iron pipes than any other plant in the world2 ,st4 ,peter's ,church1 altar window by ,william and ,annie ,lee ,willet4 ,down the ,ohio ,river1 about six miles from ,pittsburgh1 begins ,seven ,mile ,island1 a garden spot1 one time home of the famous ,queen ,alliquippa4 ,six miles farther is ,,sewickley 7,sweetwater71 population #diee1 named by ,indians on account of its maple trees1 on ,lincoln ,highway1 a beautiful residence section with country estates which rival those about ,philadelphia and ,new ,york4 ,st4 ,james' ,church1 window by ,william ,willet4 ,,wilkinsburg1 population #bd1djc1 within fifteen minutes of ,carnegie ,institute1 has ,wilkensburg ,bank1 classic1 marble1 built1 #aiji1 architects1 ,moubly ,ussinger2 and ,rowland ,theatre1 built1 #aiab1 ,corinthian1 architect1 ,hodgkinson4 ,,xx ,,mifflin ,,county ,formed ,september #ai1 #aghi2 named for ,general ,thomas ,mifflin1 then ,president of the ,supreme ,executive ,council of ,pennsylvania1 #aghh-ij1 and first ,governor under the ,constitution of #agij4 ,scenery throughout is very beautiful2 the twelve mile stretch of ,state highway through the famous long ,lewistown ,narrows1 gives glimpses of the ,juniata1 the peerless little river of more song and romance than any other in ,america1 made famous by ,mrs4 ,sullivan's song1 8,the ,beautiful ,blue ,juniata10 telling the love story of ,alfarata1 the roving ,indian girl2 the space between the mountains is barely wide enough to contain the highway1 canal1 river1 and railroad4 ,mountains slope one thousand feet and are popular hunting grounds for bear and wild turkeys2 quite a number of caves are found in the limestone formations of this county1 though not easily accessible2 ,alexander's1 in ,kishacoquillas ,valley1 abounds in stalactites and stalagmites1 preserving in midsummer ice formed in winter2 ,naginey's ,cave1 near ,milroy1 is most spacious2 ,hanawalt's ,cave1 near ,mc,veytown1 is of vast dimensions and contains calcareous concretions2 crude saltpetre has been obtained here2 ,mc,veytown is birthplace of ,joseph ,trimble ,rothrock1 ,m4,d4 ,celebrated springs are ,mifflin1 near ,painterville ,station1 has medicinal waters2 and ,logan's1 six miles from ,lewistown1 near ,reedsville1 on left of the old ,illustration3 ,,mifflin ,,county stage road between ,lewistown and ,bellefonte1 ,center ,county2 here the ,mingo ,chief1 ,logan1 friend of white man1 ,shikellimy's son1 had his cabin1 prior to #agga1 when he left this region2 he made the famous speech sent to ,lord ,dunmore in #aggd1 considered1 among ,american classics1 as a rare specimen of ,indian oratory3 8,i appeal to any white man to say if ever he entered ,logan's cabin hungry1 and he gave him not meat2 if he ever came cold and naked1 and he clothed him not2 during the course of the last long bloody war ,logan remained idle in his cabin1 an advocate for peace4 ,such was my love for the whites that my countrymen pointed at me as they passed1 and said3 #8,logan is the friend of white men4' ,i had even thought to have lived with you1 but for the injuries of one man1 ,colonel ,cresap1 the last spring1 in cold blood and unprovoked1 murdered all the relations of ,logan1 not sparing even my women and children2 there runs not a drop of my blood in the veins of any living creature2 this called on me for revenge2 ,i have sought it2 ,i have killed many2 ,i have glutted my vengeance2 for my country1 ,i rejoice at the beams of peace1 but do not think that mine is the joy of fear2 ,logan never felt fear4 ,logan will not turn on his heel to save his life2 who is there to mourn for ,logan8 ,not one60 7,colonel ,michael ,cresap was not responsible for the murder of ,logan's family2 some white men1 led by a liquor dealer1 murdered them47 ,first settlers1 ,scotch-,irish1 in #aged1 were not molested by ,indians until #agef4 ,fort ,granville was built1 one mile northwest of ,lewistown1 on the old turnpike1 site to be marked by the ,pennsylvania ,state ,historical ,society2 it was destroyed when the canal was constructed4 ,in #ahbi the ,pennsylvania ,canal was opened and first packet boat run from ,lewistown to ,mifflintown4 ,chief industries are agriculture1 and iron and steel works4 ,iron ore of the best quality abounds2 two furnaces1 belonging to the ,glamorgan ,iron ,company1 were destroyed in ,july1 #ahgd1 by a tornado that left scarcely a property without damage2 the bridge over the ,juniata was also destroyed1 rebuilt1 and again destroyed by ice freshets in ,december1 #ahgd1 and ,february1 #ahge4 ,in ,limestone ,ridge1 extending from ,kishacoquillas ,creek1 is found hard1 white sandstone1 almost pure silicon1 used in glass manufacture4 ,,lewistown1 population #ihdi1 made county seat1 #agij1 was at first ,kishacoquillas' ,village1 a chief of the ,shawnees1 with a population in #agca1 of twenty families1 located at the mouth of the stream4 ,courthouse1 facing the square1 brick1 colonial with ,ionic portico1 and cupola1 built1 #ahdc1 enlarged in the rear4 ,granite monument1 dedicated1 #aijf1 in honor of ,mifflin ,county soldiers and sailors1 is in the square4 ,one block away on ,south ,main ,street is the ,kishacoquillas ,creek bridge1 stone and concrete1 built1 #aijb1 a reconstruction of the old two-arch stone bridge built in #ahjg1 the first was wood1 in #agid2 on the left is an old stone building1 erected about #agid1 a historic landmark that has served for many uses1 once the 8,seven ,stars ,inn10 #ahbh-bi2 also a ,masonic hall1 #ahcj-ci1 it has two cellars1 one beneath the other4 ,at a point along the creek1 just above the old building1 is where ,commodore ,david ,conner1 as a boy1 made little boats and pitted ,illustration3 ,,old ,,stone ,,arch ,,on ,,jack',s ,,creek ,built over one hundred years ago them against each other in mimic warfare1 thus foreshadowing his brilliant naval career in the ,war of #ahab and the ,mexican ,war4 ,just above1 on the high bank1 fronting on ,water and ,brown ,streets1 is ,lewistown's oldest burial grounds4 ,here are the graves of the ,buchanan family1 first settlers and owners of the land on which ,lewistown is built4 ,one mile east of ,lewistown1 on the oldest wagon and stage road running parallel with the present state highway1 is an old stone arch bridge1 over one hundred years old1 a favorite subject for artists2 it is near the bridge crossing ,jacks ,creek1 on the state highway through ,lewistown ,narrows4 ,,mount ,,union1 on southern boundary1 lies at entrance to ,jacks ,narrows1 made by the river forcing its way through ,jacks ,mountain4 ,illustration3 ,,delaware ,,county ,,xxi ,,delaware ,,county ,formed from ,chester ,county1 ,september #bf1 #aghi2 named for ,delaware ,river4 ,automobile ,trip to ,chester1 return by ,media and ,swarthmore ,from ,thirty-second and ,market ,streets1 ,philadelphia1 out ,woodland ,avenue 7,darby ,road71 laid out in #afhg1 the old ,king's ,road1 pass ,,university ,,of ,,pennsylvania buildings1 to ,,woodlands ,,cemetery1 between ,thirty-ninth to ,forty-second ,streets1 seventy-five acres1 acquired in #ahdj1 contains colonial homestead1 residence of ,william ,hamilton1 ,english ,deputy ,governor of ,pennsylvania1 under grant from ,william ,penn1 built1 #agdg-ej1 stone and brick2 has portico1 with pediment supported by six columns2 considered by architects best specimen of colonial architecture in ,philadelphia2 many rare trees are there1 sent by ,mr4 ,hamilton in his trips abroad2 to him ,philadelphia owes the gingko tree of ,japan and many varieties of magnolia4 ,,bartram',s ,,garden1 #bh acres1 open free to the public1 one quarter mile south on ,fifty-fourth ,street1 first botanical garden of international importance in ,united ,states2 ground purchased by ,john ,bartram1 in #agbh2 from here he traveled long distances to ,florida1 the ,adirondacks1 everywhere collecting rare plants that he brought home in his saddlebags2 he wrote down the results of his explorations1 and sent to ,europe botanical specimens of great interest1 also painted sheets of illustrations1 sending one set to the ,south ,kensington ,museum1 ,london1 which are still there in perfect condition2 ,linnus proclaimed him the greatest natural botanist in the world1 and sent him books and apparatus2 his quaint old stone house is still standing1 built by himself in #agca2 his son1 ,william ,bartram1 botanist and ornithologist1 published the most complete list of ,american birds1 previous to ,alexander ,wilson1 whom he greatly assisted4 ,wilson lived at the corner of ,fifty-first ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 in a log house with an immense stone chimney4 ,near ,bartram's ,garden1 on the ,schuylkill ,river bank1 at the western end of ,gray's ,ferry ,bridge1 is site of ,gray's ,garden1 pleasure resort1 time of ,washington1 reached from ,philadelphia by a floating bridge1 replaced by wooden telescope drawbridge built in #ahjh1 by the ,p41 ,w4 ,b4 ,r4 ,r42 stone monument1 still standing1 covered with most interesting and historically valuable inscriptions1 marks opening of the first railroad to the ,south4 ,sixty-fifth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 ,st4 ,james' ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,kingsessing1 built by the ,swedes1 #agfb1 building practically unchanged1 has interesting burial ground4 ,sixty-ninth ,street and ,paschall ,avenue is an old yellow mansion1 built about #agbc1 home of the ,paschalls1 ,general ,howe's headquarters after the ,battle of ,brandywine4 ,seventieth ,street and ,woodland ,avenue1 quaint old building1 the ,bannaker ,school1 built in #aghi1 said to be oldest public-school building in ,philadelphia1 now used in connection with the school garden4 ,seventy-third ,street1 ,blue ,bell ,tavern1 opposite1 was terminus of the great trading path of the ,minquas ,indians leading from the ,susquehanna2 ,island ,road leads to 8,cannon ,ball0 farmhouse1 below ,penrose ,ferry1 struck during bombardment of ,fort ,mifflin in #aggg4 ,crossing ,cobb's ,creek1 the southern boundary of the city1 and county of ,philadelphia1 we enter ,,delaware ,,county1 the oldest settled section of ,pennsylvania4 ,,darby1 an ancient town1 birthplace of ,john ,bartram1 contains many old houses1 and a ,friends' meeting house1 dating from the eighteenth century1 with picturesque burying ground1 where many colonial notables lie in unmarked graves2 ,,sharon ,,hill1 residential suburb1 ,convent of ,holy ,child ,jesus1 occupies buildings erected for ,john ,jackson's ,quaker ,school1 famous in the middle of the last century2 new decorated ,gothic chapel of stone4 ,beyond ,,norwood is the old ,white ,horse ,hotel1 now abandoned1 built1 #agbj4 ,one and one-half miles to left1 at ,,essington1 on ,tinicum ,island1 first permanent ,european settlement in ,pennsylvania made by ,swedes under ,governor ,john ,printz1 #afdc2 fort built1 named 8,new ,gottenburg02 and government established4 ,,ridley ,,park1 residential suburb2 fine view to left1 of ,tinicum and the ,delaware ,river1 old quarantine station known as the ,lazaretto2 the ,corinthian and ,philadelphia ,yacht ,clubs are on the river front4 ,,leiperville1 ,mc,ilvain house1 stone1 opposite ,colonial ,hotel2 ,washington spent the night here after the ,battle of ,brandywine1 and troops were encamped on slopes to the right4 ,hendrixson house1 very ancient1 built by ,swedish settlers4 ,pass ,baldwin ,locomotive ,works and great munition factories into ,,chester1 population #eh1jcj1 settled by ,swedes about #afdd1 the oldest town in ,pennsylvania1 known as ,upland until #afhb1 when ,penn1 landing here on ,october #bh1 named it ,chester after the home of his companion1 ,pearson1 in ,england4 ,penn convened here1 in ,november1 #afhb1 the first ,assembly of the ,province1 at which was passed the 8,great ,law02 the ,upland court was held here from #affh to #afhb2 the courts of ,chester ,county from #afhb until their removal to ,west ,chester in #aghf1 and the courts of ,delaware ,county from #aghi to #ahea2 ,chester has grown from an ancient country town to a bustling industrial city1 but many antiquities are preserved2 principal among these are the old ,city ,hall1 stone1 with pent roof projection and quaint clock tower1 erected in #agbd2 the oldest public building in ,pennsylvania1 and one of the oldest in ,america2 used as ,chester ,county courthouse for sixty-two years1 ,delaware ,county courthouse for sixty-one years1 and as hall of ,chester borough and city since #ahea2 now being restored by the ,pennsylvania ,historical ,commission and ,honorable ,william ,c4 ,sproul1 under contract that the city will maintain it for public uses forever4 ,opposite on ,market ,street is the ,washington ,house1 erected and licensed as the 8,pennsylvania ,arms0 in #agdg1 still maintained as a tavern2 in this house1 at midnight on ,september #aa1 #aggg1 ,washington wrote his report to ,congress of the ,battle of ,brandywine4 ,hope's ,anchor ,tavern1 ,fourth and ,market ,streets1 built by ,david ,cowpland prior to #agdf4 ,group of old houses at ,second and ,edgmont ,streets1 ,logan house1 #agjj1 where ,lafayette's wounds were dressed after the ,illustration3 ,,alfred ,o4 ,,deshing ,,memorial ,,art ,,gallery1 ,,chester ,frazer and ,robert1 ,architects ,battle of ,brandywine1 and ,lloyd house1 built in #agjc by ,david ,lloyd1 chief justice of ,pennsylvania2 here also stood the first courthouse1 or 8,house of ,defense10 and first ,quaker meeting4 ,across ,chester ,creek1 at the foot of ,penn ,street1 is a memorial stone1 erected on the two hundredth anniversary1 to mark the spot where ,william ,penn first landed in ,pennsylvania2 and near by1 ,lord ,baltimore and ,william ,markham1 in #afha1 took observations to determine the fortieth parallel of latitude1 and location of boundary between ,pennsylvania and ,maryland2 also site of ,essex ,house1 home of ,robert ,wade1 wherein was held1 in #afge1 the first ,friends meeting in ,pennsylvania4 ,blue ,anchor ,tavern and ,steamboat ,hotel1 near ,second and ,market ,streets1 bear marks of bombardment by the ,british frigate ,augusta in #aggg4 ,friends meeting house1 erected1 #agcf1 modernized in #ahhb2 ,friends ,burying ,ground formed1 #afib1 contains graves of ,chief ,justice ,david ,lloyd1 who died in #agca1 and ,grace ,lloyd1 his wife1 who died in #agfj1 ,justice ,caleb ,cowpland1 ,judge ,henry ,hale ,graham1 and1 in unmarked tombs1 many of the founders and pioneers of the commonwealth4 ,st4 ,paul's graveyard1 ,third and ,market ,streets2 tomb of ,john ,morton1 a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence1 who cast the deciding vote in the ,pennsylvania delegation2 also of ,d4 ,paul ,jackson1 ,burgess of ,chester1 who was the first man to receive a degree from the ,university of ,pennsylvania2 and a quaint old memorial cut in sandstone with oddly carved figures and devices1 dedicated to ,james ,sandelands1 who died1 #afic1 taken from the old church1 erected in #agjc4 ,chester ,rural ,cemetery1 burial place of ,general ,edward ,f4 ,beale1 pioneer of ,california2 has many interesting memorials4 ,alfred ,o4 ,deshong ,memorial ,park of twenty-eight acres1 in the heart of the city1 with white marble art gallery1 late ,italian ,renaissance1 finished in #aiaf1 designed by ,brazer ,robb1 ,new ,york1 for ,mr4 ,deshong's collection of about #bjj paintings1 bronzes1 ivories1 etc42 rare ,japanese bronze lanterns and figures are in the grounds1 and two remarkable bronze dogs with paws on cloisonn balls1 at entrance2 fine bronze doors and grills2 also his old mansion1 all given to the city of ,chester with a large endowment1 for public use forever4 ,st4 ,paul's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,broad and ,madison ,streets1 founded in #agjb1 third building of this congregation1 erected1 #aijj2 twelfth century ,english ,gothic1 granite and limestone1 architects1 ,nattress ,son2 altar by ,nattress1 white marble2 mosaic reredos1 8,the ,supper at ,emmaus10 after ,rembrandt2 chancel window by ,tiffany1 8,conversion of ,st4 ,paul10 after ,dor2 memorial to ,rev4 ,henry ,brown1 rector for thirty years2 clerestory windows1 four ,evangelists1 by ,nicola d',ascenzo2 chalice and salver given by ,sir ,jeffry ,jeffrys in #agje1 chalice and salver given by ,queen ,anne1 in #agjg1 all of beautifully hammered silver1 still in use2 fine chime of ten bells2 large folio ,bible given at founding of the church by the ,society in ,london1 for the ,propagation of the ,gospel in ,foreign ,parts1 to which ,st4 ,paul's owed much in its early years4 ,st4 ,michael's ,roman ,catholic ,church1 ,edgmont ,avenue above ,seventh ,street1 granite1 ,gothic1 fine altar and paintings4 ,first ,baptist ,church1 ,seventh and ,fulton ,streets1 stone1 ,gothic1 founded1 #ahej1 third edifice endowed by the ,gartside and ,crozer families4 ,first ,presbyterian ,church1 ,fourth and ,welsh ,streets1 brick1 stuccoed1 erected in #aheb1 fine memorial windows4 ,third ,presbyterian ,church1 ,broad and ,potter ,streets1 stone1 fine windows and carvings in wood4 ,madison ,street ,methodist ,episcopal ,church1 ,seventh and ,madison ,streets1 organized in #ahah by ,john ,kelly in his home2 afterward services were held in the ,courthouse for many years1 where ,bishop ,asbury preached2 present church erected1 #ahgd1 green serpentine4 ,high school1 stone1 with commanding tower1 ,west ,ninth ,street1 modeled after ,post ,office ,building at ,washington4 ,pennsylvania ,military ,college1 ,fourteenth ,street1 handsome buildings with complete military and academic equipment2 incorporated as a military university in #ahfb1 by ,colonel ,theodore ,hyatt2 contributed many officers to the nation's service2 present buildings erected in #ahhb1 after a fire which destroyed the original structures4 ,chester ,park and ,crozer ,park contain about #aej acres in valleys of ,ridley and ,chester creeks4 ,chester is a port of entry and contains large shipyards1 steel1 engineering1 and textile industries4 ,,upland1 founded by ,john ,p4 ,crozer in #ahde when he established cotton mills there on the site of the old ,chester ,mills1 on ,chester ,creek1 immediately adjoining the town of ,chester2 ,chester ,mills were built by ,caleb ,pusey in #afhc1 at the first water power above tide on ,chester ,creek2 the mill1 framed in ,england and brought over in the ,welcome1 was owned by ,pusey1 ,william ,penn1 and ,samuel ,carpenter2 house1 erected by ,pusey in #afhb1 is probably the oldest structure in ,pennsylvania4 ,crozer ,theological ,seminary1 endowed by ,john ,p4 ,crozer1 and sons1 occupies buildings overlooking ,chester1 erected by ,john ,p4 ,crozer in #aheh for a normal school1 used in ,civil ,war as hospital1 and occupied for a time by the ,pennsylvania ,military ,academy2 ,pearl ,hall1 the seminary library1 was built by ,william ,bucknell1 in memory of his wife2 green serpentine in form of a cross2 contains many rare books and the only known copies of many ,baptist theological works2 ,crozer ,hospital and ,home for ,incurables1 fine stone buildings1 were endowed by ,j4 ,lewis ,crozer1 who also left a large endowment for a free library in ,chester4 ,an old house on ,upland ,dairy ,farm1 now much distorted by modernization1 built by ,thomas ,brazey in #afif1 was for many years the home of the ,west family1 collateral descendants of ,benjamin ,west4 ,on ,providence ,road1 first highway to be laid out in ,pennsylvania1 leading from ,chester to the back townships1 is ,,lapidea ,,manor1 residence of ,governor ,william ,c4 ,sproul1 colonial house1 erected by ,thomas ,leiper1 for his son ,james1 enlarged in #aiji by ,mr4 ,sproul1 architect1 ,w4 ,l4 ,price2 contains notable library with collection of ,pennsylvania and local books and antiquities1 paintings1 and curios2 interior wood carvings by ,maene2 on the fine grounds is a clock-tower1 containing a bell cast in ,bristol in #agda1 for ,st4 ,paul's ,church1 ,chester1 and for #abe years was the only church bell in the town2 across the grounds is to be seen the grade of the first railroad in ,america1 built by ,thomas ,leiper in #ahji1 to carry stone from his quarries at ,avondale to tidewater on ,ridley ,creek1 where it was loaded in barges to be taken to the ,delaware breakwater4 ,,moylan1 south of ,media1 art colony1 residence of ,charles ,h4 ,stephens and ,mrs4 ,charles ,h4 ,stephens 7,alice ,barber71 contains valuable ,north ,american ,indian collection1 the old stone building1 remodeled for art studios and dwellings1 is among the most interesting in the county4 ,southwest of ,,media is the ,williamson free school of mechanical trades2 generously endowed2 built in #ahhh2 includes twenty-four buildings on #bcj acres2 pupils between sixteen and eighteen years of age are received2 they live as families1 twenty-four in a cottage with a matron2 preference to those born in ,pennsylvania2 benefits of school are entirely free1 including boarding1 instruction1 and clothing during the entire course of three years4 ,,media1 county seat from #ahea1 population #daji2 charter1 with famous provision against sale of intoxicants1 still intact1 was granted1 #ahej3 ,courthouse with ample square1 formed nucleus of the town2 present building1 modified colonial1 ,avondale marble1 architects1 ,brazer ,robb4 ,old ,providence ,friends ,meeting ,house1 built1 #afii2 original ,taylor log cabin is on ,state ,street1 and the old ,rowland mansion4 ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 stone1 ,gothic1 has altar painting1 8,murillo's ,holy ,family10 copied by ,p4 ,mc,ilhenny4 ,presbyterian ,church1 modified classic4 ,leiper ,presbyterian ,church1 ,gothic1 ,avondale marble1 midway between ,leiperville and ,swarthmore1 built in #ahjj1 ,andrew ,jackson1 ,james ,buchanan1 and ,elisha ,kent ,kane1 while guests of ,judge ,george ,g4 ,leiper1 worshiped here1 slates on the roof were brought from ,scotland2 near is colonial residence of ,perry ,lukens on ,fairview ,road1 hardware and other materials were brought from ,england1 has original latch string lock4 ,,avondale1 old colonial residence of ,thomas ,leiper1 near ,crum ,creek1 built on plan of his ,scotch home4 ,,wallingford1 residence of late ,dr4 ,horace ,howard ,furness1 ,america's greatest ,shakespearean scholar4 ,he left a working library of several thousand ,shakespeare books1 including 8,the ,variorum0 edited with his son4 ,,swarthmore1 college1 founded1 #ahfd1 by members of the ,hicksite ,society of ,friends1 is located on a hill with a fine view of the ,delaware ,river1 campus over #bjj acres1 includes large tract of woodland and rocky valley of ,crum ,creek2 buildings1 mostly stone1 ,french ,renaissance1 include the ,sproul ,astronomical ,observatory1 built in #aiaa1 gift of ,william ,c4 ,sproul1 contains one of the best telescopes in ,america2 ,library1 ,english collegiate ,gothic1 built1 #aijg1 local stone1 with terra-cotta and ,indiana limestone trimmings1 architect1 ,edward ,l4 ,tilton1 ,new ,york2 the reading room is open through two stories1 height twenty feet with gallery on three sides2 ,gothic beamed ceiling and leaded ceiling lights1 interior finished with dark oak4 ,in fireproof tower room is the ,anson ,lapham ,friends' ,historical ,library1 one of the largest collections of ,quakeriana in ,america1 contains original manuscripts of ,john ,woolman's ,journal4 ,near the ,library stands a house with gambrel roof1 built in #agbd1 marked1 with tablet1 by ,delaware ,county ,historical ,society1 8,birthplace of ,benjamin ,west1 born in #agch1 first great ,american painter1 founder and second ,president of the ,royal ,academy1 ,london02 exterior unchanged1 now residence of college professors2 the college owns1 and is still collecting original paintings and drawings by ,west4 ,meeting house built1 #ahha1 follows the traditions of early colonial style4 ,parrish ,hall1 the main building1 erected #ahfd-fi1 rebuilt after the fire in #ahha1 contains a portrait of ,george ,fox by ,sir ,peter ,lely1 and other interesting portraits of early ,friends and later benefactors of the college4 ,wharton ,hall1 men's dormitories1 built in form of ,oxford quadrangle1 architects1 ,buntley ,sprigley4 ,stone gateway1 north entrance1 designed by ,frederick ,b4 ,pyle4 ,illustration3 ,,lycoming ,,county ,,xxii ,,lycoming ,,county ,formed ,april #ac1 #agie2 named for creek called by ,delaware ,indians ,legani-hanna 7,sandy ,stream7 or ,lycaumic2 mountainous with rolling hills2 ,north ,mountain1 highest land1 #beej feet above sea level4 ,formerly a lumber region1 now chief industries are agriculture and manufacturing4 ,,williamsport1 county seat1 founded1 #agif1 population #cf1aih1 has a system of well kept roads2 the ,grampian and ,vallamont drives wind over the hills north of the city1 giving a view1 over the ,west ,branch ,valley1 that is remarkable for extent and beauty4 ,courthouse built in #ahfj1 city hall1 and post office are mid-,victorian4 ,masonic buildings include the ,masonic ,temple1 ,scottish ,rites ,building1 ,acacia ,club1 and ,howard ,club4 ,franklin ,school1 ,mulberry ,street1 ,north of ,east ,fourth ,street1 has mural decorations of local scenery1 8,a ,sweep of the ,susquehanna ,near ,jersey ,shore10 artist1 ,j4 ,wesley ,little4 ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,east ,fourth and ,mulberry ,streets1 has windows from ,england1 also by ,tiffany and ,lamb4 8,the ,james ,v4 ,brown ,public ,library10 ,east ,fourth ,street1 ,french ,renaissance1 ,pennsylvania white marble1 built in #aijg1 architect1 ,edgar ,v4 ,seeler1 ,philadelphia2 contains a small permanent collection of paintings and an original portrait of ,washington1 by ,rembrandt ,peale1 painted in #agie2 art exhibitions are held here4 ,central ,presbyterian ,church1 opposite ,park ,hotel1 has windows by ,j4 ,r4 ,lamb4 ,covenant ,presbyterian1 ,west ,fourth and ,center ,streets1 has large windows by ,tiffany and ,lamb4 ,trinity ,protestant ,episcopal1 ,west ,fourth ,street and ,trinity ,place1 modern parish house1 used as a community center4 ,opposite is ,way's ,garden1 two and one-half acres1 with fine old elm trees4 ,annunciation1 ,roman ,catholic ,church1 ,west ,fourth and ,walnut ,streets1 ,tiffany window1 8,the ,ascension40 ,st4 ,john's ,protestant ,episcopal1 architects1 ,duhring1 ,okie ,ziegler1 windows by ,nicola d',ascenzo4 ,brandon ,park1 beautiful with fine shrubbery1 trees1 and winding paths1 has a band shell1 playgrounds1 swimming pool4 ,monument erected by ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution1 ,fourth and ,cemetery ,streets1 on site of massacre of white settlers by ,indians4 ,site of ,french ,margaret's ,village1 niece of ,madame ,montour1 noted on ,scull's map1 in #agei1 is now within limits of the seventh ward2 she was a notable character and enforced prohibition in her town2 four miles east of ,williamsport1 on west side1 mouth of ,loyalsock ,creek1 near ,montoursville1 is site of ,ostonwakin or ,otsuagy1 home of ,madame ,montour1 famous ,french halfbreed1 who lived there from #agbg1 and was still there in #agdb1 when ,count ,zinzendorf came to the village4 ,the great ,indian ,trail from ,muncy led up the ,susquehanna ,river1 on line of the present highway1 through ,ostonwakin1 to ,east ,third ,street1 ,williamsport1 then north of ,third and ,penn ,streets to ,park ,street1 there turned to ,west ,fourth ,street and to ,lycoming ,creek1 ,french ,margaret's town4 ,,muncy1 population #bjed1 on site of ,fort ,wallis1 in ,illustration3 ,,lycoming ,,creek ,,near ,,williamsport #aggh1 commanded by ,colonel ,thomas ,hartley4 ,st4 ,james' ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 built1 #ahei1 ,english ,gothic1 architect1 ,richard ,upjohn1 ,new ,york1 who first used principles of ,gothic architecture in ,america2 has ,tiffany memorial window to ,rev4 ,edwin ,lightener4 ,in ,muncy ,cemetery is monument to ,john ,brady1 famous ,indian fighter1 granite shaft of excellent proportions2 his grave is in the old ,hall's burial ground at ,hall's ,station4 ,site of ,fort ,brady2 south side of ,muncy1 residence of ,captain ,john ,brady1 fortified by stockade1 was place of refuge1 continuing so after his death2 burned with ,fort ,muncy in #aggi1 when ,muncy ,valley was overrun4 ,another on the frontier was ,fort ,minigar1 built1 #aggd1 at ,white ,deer ,mills1 north bank of ,white ,deer ,creek1 probably stockade1 included both fort and mills1 burned1 #aggi4 ,picture ,rocks village1 founded1 #ahdh1 here ,indian picture writings formerly decorated walls of rocks1 rising from ,big ,muncy ,creek4 ,studio of the late ,j4 ,wesley ,little4 ,fort ,antes1 opposite ,jersey ,shore1 marked by ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,illustration3 ,,somerset ,,county ,,xxiii ,,somerset ,,county ,formed ,april #ag1 #agie2 named for ,somerset1 ,england4 ,chief industries are agriculture and mining4 ,a mountain country of remarkable beauty1 largely forests1 although glades1 or natural meadows1 about the headwaters of streams are numerous and extensive enough to have the name1 8,the ,glades10 applied to the whole county2 standing on the summit of either mountain range that bounds it1 east and west1 one gets a view of unsurpassed beauty2 at distance of twenty miles the other stands out in bold outline1 with intervening country of hill1 valley1 forest1 glade1 and numerous watercourses1 which find their way to the ,ohio1 ,susquehanna1 and ,potomac rivers2 immortalized in ,james ,whitcomb ,riley's 8',mongst the ,hills of ,somerset40 ,nearly all this country1 between the crests of the ,allegheny ,mountains and ,laurel ,hills1 is one vast coal field1 extending over the entire length1 from ,maryland to ,cambria ,county1 every vein of coal from the great ,pittsburgh seam down being represented4 ,traditions of ,indian villages are in the famous ,turkey ,foot1 ,casselman ,river forms middle toe at town of ,confluence2 also in ,elk ,lick township1 ,indian arrowheads and stone implements are found4 ,in #agdi1 ,christopher ,gist1 agent of the ,ohio ,company1 was the first white man known to have crossed ,somerset ,county2 his route1 along ,nemacolin's trail1 a ,delaware ,indian chief1 led him through ,addison ,township and to the1 later known1 ,great ,crossing2 again passing through in #agej1 he kept a diary4 ,george ,washington in #agec1 crossed through ,addison ,township1 with four frontiersmen1 one as ,indian interpreter1 one ,french interpreter2 every spot of earth that ,washington trod in the line of duty is sacred soil for all true ,americans2 he passed through ,somerset eleven times2 on ,braddock's ill-fated expedition in #agee1 he lay for ten days at ,great ,crossing1 on a bed of sickness1 exempt by order of ,general ,braddock4 ,first road cut in #aged was under ,washington's direction1 afterwards substantially the ,braddock ,road1 following ,nemacolin's trail1 the chief who guided him2 it began at ,cumberland1 ,maryland1 then a fort1 and reached the ,youghiogheny ,river1 south of present village of ,somerfield1 at the ,great ,crossing2 marked1 only historic marker in the county4 ,the ,national ,turnpike1 commenced in #ahaa1 has the same general course1 occasionally using the same roadbed1 crosses the ,youghiogheny at ,somerfield over a great stone bridge1 still in good repair1 completed ,july #d1 #ahah1 and turned over to the ,united ,states on that day4 ,president ,james ,monroe and members of his ,cabinet attended the opening of the bridge2 this road became a great highway1 over which passed a vast commerce1 both east and west1 wayside inns were nearly every mile1 now none exist2 the 8,endsley10 stone house1 in ,somerfield1 built1 #ahah1 long a noted tavern1 is now a private residence4 ,next great road in the county was the ,forbes1 or ,bouquet ,road1 cut by ,colonel ,bouquet in #ageh1 it ,illustration3 ,,stepping ,,stones1 ,,kimberly ,,river traversed the county from east to west1 and like the ,braddock ,road1 was purely military1 constructed under protection of a strong army2 over it passed the army of ,general ,forbes on way to conquer ,fort ,duquesne2 ,george ,washington was with this expedition in command of the first ,virginia regiment4 ,the road started at ,bedford and followed an ,indian trail1 it was improved between #aghe-ie and became known as 8,the ,great ,road02 afterwards about #ahjf as the ,stoyestown and ,bedford ,turnpike2 later taken by the ,state ,highway ,department1 it is now a great speedway1 8,the ,lincoln ,highway10 entering the county at ,,buckstown1 crossing ,stoney ,creek at ,,kantner1 one mile west is ,stoyestown over one hundred years old2 six miles farther west is ,,jennerstown1 laid out in #ahbb by ,general ,james ,wells1 who1 in #agga1 was wounded by ,indians4 ,on ,laurel ,hills1 three miles west of ,,ursina1 is the ,jersey ,baptist ,church1 with ancient burial ground1 has written record since #agge1 first log church built1 #aghh1 twice rebuilt2 fine mountain scenery all along the route1 and several places of historic interest1 here1 and in other parts of the county1 sites of forts which date back to ,french and ,indian wars and the ,revolution1 unmarked2 few are now living who can point out the locality of these historic places with any degree of certainty4 ,the ,glades ,road1 laid out in #aggb from four miles west of ,bedford to the ,youghiogheny1 via ,stoney ,creek1 was made turnpike in #ahaf2 along this road in #ahaj1 on a farm nine miles east of ,somerset1 was born ,judge ,jeremiah ,sullivan ,black1 ,chief ,justice of ,pennsylvania2 ,united ,states ,attorney ,general2 and ,secretary of ,state4 ,first railroad through ,somerset county was the ,pittsburgh division of the picturesque ,baltimore ,ohio1 opened in #ahga1 with its famous tunnels4 ,at ,mason ,dixon's line ,negro ,mount is about #bhbe feet above sea4 ,,somerset1 county seat1 population #caba2 laid out in #agie1 elevation above sea level #bahj feet1 has had three consuming fires1 and has been rebuilt with greater beauty4 ,courthouse built1 #aijf1 ,french ,renaissance1 ,indiana limestone1 architect1 ,j4 ,h4 ,fuller1 ,uniontown2 ,soldiers' ,monument in grounds1 pedestal with names of more than #djj ,somerset ,county men who died in war for the ,union1 #ahfa-fe2 ,somerset ,trust ,company1 ,indiana limestone1 built1 #aiaf1 architects1 ,mowbray ,company1 ,new ,york1 ,renaissance1 beautiful proportions4 ,churches1 built by ,e4 ,h4 ,walker1 ,somerset2 all with memorial windows1 mostly made by ,pittsburgh firms2 are1 ,grace ,united ,evangelical1 brick1 #aiad2 the ,christian ,church and parsonage1 ,doric1 brick1 #aiaj2 ,st4 ,paul's ,reformed1 ,gothic1 brick1 remodeled1 #aiae2 also ,trinity ,lutheran1 ,corinthian1 built1 #ahgg1 brick1 architect1 ,m4 ,simon1 ,harrisburg4 ,throughout the county are many churches2 in some places where there is not even the semblance of a village there are churches that would be a credit to any town4 ,,xxiv ,,greene ,,county ,formed ,february #i1 #agif2 named for ,general ,nathanael ,greene4 ,surface1 fertile valleys1 hills1 and rolling uplands1 making a region of natural beauty1 well watered from the tributaries of the ,monongahela ,river and ,wheeling ,creek4 ,there are still a number of covered wooden bridges throughout the county1 from fifty to a hundred years old1 a very old double bridge crosses ,ten ,mile ,creek1 one mile east of ,waynesburg2 formerly an old forge and furnace were on this creek4 ,many ,indian village sites that were occupied long before the advent of the whites are here2 their age is indicated by large old trees growing on their mounds2 three distinct forms of ancient burial are found here1 showing that three waves of population swept over this land before the coming of the ,europeans2 the two principal ,indian mounds now in the county1 are at ,crows ,mills4 ,two great ,indian trails crossed the southern part of the state1 the ,warrior ,branch passing through this county to the ,ohio ,river4 ,a chain of forts crossed ,greene ,co41 ending at ,fort ,zane1 now ,wheeling2 three are especially well known--,fort ,ryserson and ,block ,house at western end of county2 ,fort ,jackson west of ,waynesburg2 and ,fort ,garard on ,whitely ,creek2 seven miles west of ,,greensboro1 the birthplace of ,robert ,j4 ,burdette1 and his eminent sister ,mary ,g4 ,burdette4 ,illustration3 ,,greene ,,county ,the earliest glass works were established by ,albert ,gallatin1 on the ,monongahela in #aghe2 they were the forerunner of the vast business at ,pittsburgh and vicinity4 ,first settlers were ,scotch-,irish4 ,chief industries1 agriculture and the mining of bituminous coal2 the ,pittsburgh vein of rich depth and highest coking value1 and three other veins1 almost as rich1 namely1 the ,waynesburg1 ,freeport1 and ,mapletown4 ,oil and gas production is very valuable1 there are a number of gas-pumping stations within the county4 ,the ,philadelphia ,gas ,company has one at ,brave1 said to be the largest in the world2 near ,brave is ,,jollytown1 with a monument to ,jesse ,taylor1 first ,greene ,county soldier to fall in the ,civil ,war4 ,county seat1 ,,waynesburg1 population #cccb2 laid out in #agif2 named for ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 who with his troops proved most successful in ridding this section of the ,indians4 ,a chain of parks with formal gardening goes through the center of the town1 divided by streets2 in the center of one is the ,soldiers' ,monument2 erected in #ahii2 ,waynesburg ,college1 empowered by the ,legislature to confer honorary degrees1 faces ,college ,park2 portrait of ,dr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,miller1 a former president1 is in ,alumni ,hall4 ,courthouse1 colonial1 with cupola1 surmounted by wooden statue of ,general ,greene2 was erected in #aheb2 brick1 painted gray1 has six lofty ,corinthian columns supporting the front porch4 ,jail on same ground4 ,first ,methodist ,church1 ,romanesque1 ,cleveland stone1 has memorial windows4 ,the public schools are liberally provided with the ,elson photogravures1 reproductions of great masterpieces1 mostly in sepia4 ,five miles southeast of ,waynesburg is ,gordon ,ridge2 ,nettle ,hill sixteen miles southwest1 both notable places of particularly beautiful scenery4 ,,carmichaels1 originally ,new ,lisbon1 one of the oldest towns1 beautifully located1 has ,greene ,academy1 incorporated1 #ahaj2 ,senator ,albert ,cummins was born near here4 ,,xxv ,,wayne ,,county ,formed ,march #ba1 #agih2 named for ,general ,anthony ,wayne4 ,a picturesque1 mountainous section1 possessing more lakes than any other county in the state1 some over #bjjj feet above sea1 ranging in area from #c to #ceh acres1 many of them well stocked with bass1 perch1 pickerel1 and other fish1 while the whole county abounds in trout streams4 ,from north to south is a wonderful expanse of scenery2 ,,farview1 altitude1 #aejj feet1 on the ,moosic ,mountain1 near ,waymart1 includes1 in its panorama1 the distant ,catskills2 from the southern roads1 extended views are also enjoyed4 ,a beautiful drive follows the ,wallenpaupack ,creek 7slow water7 passing the ,falls at ,hawley1 meeting place of the ,paupack ,indians2 good roads continue to ,milford and the ,water ,gap1 or to ,gouldsboro1 ,scranton and ,wilkes-,barre4 ,on the road from ,honesdale to ,carbondale the path of the old ,delaware ,hudson ,gravity ,railroad may still be traced4 ,early industries were hunting1 lumbering1 and tanning2 now the modern creamery is an important factor1 also stock raising and agriculture4 ,one hundred years ago a small colony of ,germans settled a half mile west of ,bethany and started a glass factory1 utilizing native sand and clay2 from #ahdg to #ahfa window glass was manufactured at ,tracyville2 in #ahfe1 ,christian ,dorflinger built large factories for manufacturing and cutting glass1 at ,white ,mills1 five miles south of ,illustration3 ,,wayne ,,county ,honesdale2 glass-cutting factories are now numerous in the county1 and gold decorating of glass has been introduced among ,wayne's industries4 ,,honesdale1 made the county seat in #ahda2 population #bgef2 altitude1 #ajjj feet2 named for ,philip ,hone1 president of the ,delaware and ,hudson ,canal ,company1 which started here for tidewater at ,rondout on the ,hudson1 built #ahbf-bh1 abandoned1 #ahih2 ,honesdale owes its growth and prosperity to the canal2 it was one of the anthracite stepping stones to a waiting market4 ,three locomotives were purchased by the canal company to draw coal from the mines in ,carbondale and vicinity to the canal at ,honesdale2 the first one1 the ,stourbridge ,lion1 was brought by canal boat to ,honesdale in #ahbi and a trial trip was made2 the wooden rails1 then used for the railroad1 were not firm enough for the strain of the engine1 and it was never run again2 however1 ,wayne ,county takes precedence in having had the first locomotive ever run in ,america make its trial and only trip at ,honesdale2 it is now at the ,smithsonian ,institute1 ,washington4 ,the ,new ,york ,erie ,railroad follows the course of the old canal through the town4 ,courthouse built1 #ahhj2 brick with stone trimmings2 contains portrait of ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 copied from original in ,wayne family1 ,philadelphia1 by ,miss ,jennie ,brownscombe1 native of ,wayne ,county2 two large ,parrott guns in front are relics of the ,civil ,war4 ,it faces ,central ,park1 where stands a ,soldiers' ,monument1 dedicated in #ahfi by ,governor ,john ,w4 ,geary2 pedestal with bronze plates inscribed with names of nearly #cej ,wayne ,county men lost in ,civil ,war2 also fountain in center of park1 memorial of the ,national ,centennial1 both placed by the women of ,honesdale who are said to be the first in the state to organize a ,village ,improvement ,society2 they1 aided by the town council1 have done much for the beautifying of the town2 the parks have received special attention2 besides ,central ,park are ,north ,park1 and on either side of the ,main ,street bridge lie ,torrey ,park1 ,west1 and ,riverside ,park1 ,east1 overshadowed by ,irving ,cliff1 #cjj feet high1 named in honor of ,washington ,irving1 who1 while in ,honesdale in #ahda with ,philip ,hone1 climbed to the summit of the ledge overlooking the town4 ,grace ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,gothic1 stone1 contains white marble font1 good design1 gift of ,philip ,hone1 in #ahdh4 ,baptist ,church1 wood1 classic1 with ,ionic columns supporting the porch1 built #ahdc-de4 ,glen ,dyberry ,cemetery contains grave of ,attorney ,general ,samuel ,e4 ,dimmick1 died1 #ahge1 marked by granite shaft2 his residence1 brick1 is south of courthouse4 ,north of ,honesdale is stone arched bridge over ,carley ,brook1 made in #aiji2 builder1 ,samuel ,brown from ,england4 ,,bethany1 first county seat in #ahjj1 was staked out in the primeval forest4 ,courthouse1 built1 #ahjj1 is now used as a store2 new courthouse and brick offices were built #ahbj-bc1 the office building still standing2 courthouse was abandoned in #ahdb1 after it was remodeled it became the ,university of ,northern ,pennsylvania1 with the public square as campus1 and was burned in #aheg4 ,between the old cemetery and the street stands the first ,presbyterian ,illustration3 ,,riverside ,,park1 ,,irving ,,cliff1 ,,honesdale church erected in the county1 in #ahbb4 ,several old dwellings have beautiful colonial doorways4 ,an old tavern1 built by ,henry ,drinker1 in #ahjb1 still stands4 ,,pleasant ,,mount1 altitude1 #afjj feet1 sixteen miles north of ,honesdale1 residence of ,general ,samuel ,meredith1 officer in the ,revolutionary ,war1 and ,united ,states ,treasurer under ,washington1 commission dated ,september #aa1 #aghi2 he lived near1 on manor lands1 from #ahjc-ag1 said to have been visited by ,thomas ,jefferson2 the house was burned2 granite monument in his honor was erected by the state1 unveiled1 #aijd1 represents a ,continental general1 from a design by ,miss ,clara ,keen2 architect1 ,martin ,caufield1 both of ,honesdale4 ,the ,delaware ,river forms the eastern boundary2 a woodland road follows the river4 ,at ,,milanville1 is the old ,skinner house1 oldest1 still in use in ,wayne ,county1 loopholes near the roof were made for defense against ,indians2 many ,indian relics were found around here4 ,wayne ,county's only battlefield1 unmarked1 is in ,sterling township1 called 8,little ,meadows10 near it passed an old ,indian trail1 from ,delaware ,river to ,wyoming ,valley2 on ,july #d1 #aggh1 the day after the ,wyoming ,massacre1 ,indians attacked a few white people1 with loss on both sides4 ,on the ,eastern and ,belmont ,highway is a nine-sided1 stone schoolhouse of early construction4 ,three others are found in the county4 ,illustration3 ,,adams ,,county ,,xxvi ,,adams ,,county ,formed ,january #bb1 #ahjj4 ,named for ,john ,adams1 then ,president of the ,united ,states2 notable for the ,battle of ,gettysburg2 chief industry1 agriculture4 ,county seat1 ,,gettysburg1 founded in #aghf1 population #ddci4 ,first court held in residence of ,general ,james ,gettys2 present courthouse contains portraits of ,justices ,marshall and ,gibson4 ,federal ,building1 the post office1 marble1 ,corinthian1 architect1 ,j4 ,knox ,taylor1 ,washington1 ,d4 ,c41 contains interesting battle-field museum1 maps1 and miniature reproductions4 ,the ,united ,states ,battle ,field ,commission has offices here4 ,the ,wills ,building1 at the corner of ,center ,square and ,lincoln ,highway1 is where ,president ,lincoln stayed ,november1 #ahfc1 before his famous address4 ,presbyterian ,church1 nearly #agf years old1 where ,president ,lincoln worshipped ,november #ai1 #ahfc2 the pew he occupied has a bronze plate2 church used as hospital during the battle4 ,lutheran ,theological ,seminary1 west of town1 on ,seminary ,ridge1 contains large copy of ,leonardo da ,vinci's 8,last ,supper10 painted by the late ,james ,b4 ,sward1 ,philadelphia2 also used as hospital by ,union soldiers2 it is said that ,general ,lee took observations from its tower2 near1 in ,reynolds ,grove1 ,general ,john ,f4 ,reynolds was killed1 place marked by bronze equestrian statue1 sculptor1 ,h4 ,k4 ,bush-,brown4 ,in the ,dobbin ,house1 stone1 on ,steinwehr ,avenue1 built1 #aggf1 was conducted first classical school in ,pennsylvania1 west of the ,susquehanna4 ,southeast corner of ,washington and ,high ,streets was the first home of ,pennsylvania ,college1 established in #ahcb2 now northwest of the town on a beautiful campus2 main building1 8,old ,dorm10 is fine colonial architecture4 ,jennie ,wade ,war ,museum near cemetery1 shows bullet marks1 home of only citizen killed during the battle1 has collection of relics and curios4 ,artists of note born here are ,charles ,morris ,young and ,lytton ,buehler4 ,the ,,battle ,,field covered #af1jjj acres1 not including cavalry field four miles east2 ,union ,army was commanded by ,general ,george ,g4 ,meade1 #hj1jjj to #ij1jjj men2 ,confederate ,army1 commanded by ,general ,robert ,e4 ,lee1 about #hj1jjj to #he1jjj men2 desperate charges were made in hand-to-hand conflicts4 ,the cyclorama1 8,battle of ,gettysburg10 painted by ,paul ,philippoteaux1 is on exhibition4 ,the ,gettysburg ,battle ,field ,memorial ,association was incorporated by the ,legislature of ,pennsylvania to hold and preserve the battle ground1 with natural and artificial defenses1 as at time of battle1 and to mark definitely lines of battle of all troops4 ,it is now a national park and cemetery1 in charge of a commission1 appointed by the ,secretary of ,war1 including over #gjjj acres with fifty miles of macadam roads amid most beautiful scenery4 ,here we have the greatest number of memorials in ,pennsylvania1 erected by the various states4 ,among the #djd monuments and #hid markers are1 ,the ,national ,monument1 white granite1 four figures at base1 representing ,war1 ,history1 ,peace1 ,plenty2 shaft supports ,illustration3 ,,old ,,pittsburgh ,,and ,,philadelphia ,,pike ,this pike1 in ,adams ,county1 was used by both armies during the ,civil ,war ,statue of ,liberty2 all figures are of ,italian marble1 carved in ,italy1 sculptor1 ,randolph ,rogers2 bronze equestrian statue1 ,general ,george ,gordon ,meade1 near center of line of battle1 sculptor ,h4 ,k4 ,bush-,brown2 bronze equestrian statue1 ,general ,john ,sedgwick1 north of ,little ,round ,top1 sculptor ,h4 ,k4 ,bush-,brown2 bronze equestrian statue1 ,general ,winfield ,scott ,hancock1 east ,cemetery ,hill1 sculptor1 ,f4 ,ellwell2 bronze equestrian statue1 ,general ,henry ,w4 ,slocum1 on ,steven's ,knoll1 near ,culp's ,hill1 sculptor1 ,e4 ,c4 ,potter2 bronze statue1 ,general ,john ,f4 ,reynolds1 at entrance to ,national ,cemetery1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,q4 ,a4 ,ward2 bronze statue1 ,general ,alexander ,stewart ,webb1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,massey ,rhind1 placed at the ,bloody ,angle where ,pickett's charge was halted and beaten back2 ,general ,webb was the officer in command at this spot2 bronze statue1 ,general ,warren1 on ,little ,round ,top1 sculptor1 ,gerhart4 ,pennsylvania ,state ,monument1 double arch1 #aaj feet high1 #hj feet square at base1 crowned with dome surmounted by a bronze ,victory1 eight bronze statues at base of ,ionic columns1 ,lincoln1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,otto ,schweizer2 ,curtin1 sculptor1 ,w4 ,clarke ,nobel2 ,meade1 sculptor1 ,lee ,o4 ,lawrie2 ,hancock1 sculptor1 ,cryrus ,p4 ,dallin2 ,pleasanton1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,otto ,schweizer2 ,reynolds1 sculptor1 ,lee ,o4 ,lawrie2 ,d4 ,mc,m4 ,gregg1 sculptor1 ,j4 ,otto ,schweizer2 ,birney1 sculptor1 ,lee ,o4 ,lawrie2 bronze tablets around base contain names of every soldier of ,pennsylvania in ,battle at ,gettysburg1 #cd1ecj4 ,new ,york ,state ,monument1 tall granite shaft1 supporting bronze statue of liberty1 with four bronze battle reliefs in pedestal2 bronze trophy1 state shield and corps badges at base of shaft1 sculptor1 ,casper ,buberl4 ,vermont ,state ,monument1 fluted shaft surmounted by statue of ,general ,george ,j4 ,stannard4 ,irish ,brigade ,monument1 ,celtic cross1 with ,irish hound at base1 sculptor1 ,rudolph ,o',donovan4 ,in the ,national ,cemetery are buried #cehi ,union soldiers2 it was dedicated ,november1 #ahfc1 when ,president ,lincoln delivered his immortal address1 ending1 8,this nation1 under ,god1 shall have a new birth of freedom--and that government of the people1 by the people1 and for the people1 shall not perish from the earth40 ,fiftieth anniversary of the battle1 fought ,july #a-b-c1 #ahfc1 was celebrated here in #aiac by reunion of veterans4 ,the ,russell ,tavern1 now a residence on old ,shippensburg ,road1 three miles north of ,gettysburg1 is where ,washington stopped in #agid1 after quelling the ,whiskey ,rebellion4 ,in ,cashtown1 the ,civic ,league has formed a recreation park1 using the old tavern for a ,library2 west of this town is the old ,pittsburgh and ,philadelphia ,pike1 used by both armies during ,civil ,war4 ,conewago ,mission at ,edgegrove was established in #agda by two ,jesuit missionaries2 present church1 colonial1 stone1 was built in #aghg2 enlarged1 #ahea2 paintings over the altar and in the transepts were made by ,francis ,stecker2 ,roman ,catholic missions were established within a radius of twenty miles from this mother house4 ,,xxvii ,,center ,,county ,formed ,february #ac1 #ahjj2 named for its position in center of state2 notable for the ,state ,college4 ,chief industry1 agriculture2 formerly mining and manufacture of iron2 limestone is extensively quarried2 coal is mined about ,philipsburg and ,snow ,shoe4 ,the state owns #ba1jjj acres of forest reserve1 through which several of the state highways pass2 8,fireline0 cuts made by the state foresters may be seen4 ,for a wonderful mountain ride1 take the ,state ,road from ,tyrone1 ,blair ,county1 to ,bellefonte1 following ,bald ,eagle ,valley1 and passing several small towns named for women1 where remains of iron furnaces may be seen2 near ,snow ,shoe ,intersection1 a state highway leads up the mountain1 with unsurpassed views1 to ,snow ,shoe2 follow this road to ,philipsburg1 then to ,bald ,eagle ,valley4 ,another beautiful ride is on the state road from ,mifflinburg1 ,union ,county1 across the mountain1 through ,millheim and ,spring ,mills to the ,old ,fort4 ,from ,spring ,mills a short trip may be made to ,penn's ,cave2 this is 8,penn's ,grandest ,cavern02 the trip through the cave is #adjj feet in length1 made in motor boats carrying torches or acetylene lights1 the water is a transparent greenish color1 greatest depth #ce or #dj feet4 ,a road from ,lewistown1 ,mifflin ,county1 to ,lock ,haven via ,bellefonte1 crosses the ,seven ,mountains ,illustration3 ,,center ,,county with wonderful views2 at ,potter's ,mills is an old furnace and mill4 ,near the 8,old ,fort ,tavern0 is marker1 on site of stockade built in #agfh against ,indians1 placed by ,bellefonte ,chapter of ,daughters ,american ,revolution4 ,leaving ,penn ,valley1 the road crosses ,nittany ,mountain1 ,bald ,eagle ,mountains may be seen beyond1 with crest of ,alleghenies in the background4 ,from ,pleasant ,gap a detour may be made to ,,state ,,college2 population #bdje2 ,pennsylvania ,state ,college was founded by the ,united ,states ,government2 in #ahfb ,congress passed the ,land ,grant ,act1 offering to each state and territory in the ,union a gift of public lands1 the proceeds from the sales to provide for the maintenance of a college to promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes1 in the several pursuits and professions of life4 ,the offer was accepted by the ,legislature of this state in #ahfc1 and the institution1 then known as the ,agricultural ,college of ,pennsylvania1 designated to receive the ,land ,grant4 ,there are thirty-four buildings on a campus of #aejj acres2 8,old ,main10 built in #aheg as the ,agricultural ,college of ,pennsylvania1 native limestone1 is fine specimen of early architecture2 the chemistry and liberal arts buildings are ,classic style2 mining and agricultural groups1 ,italian ,renaissance4 ,the college maintains departments of study in industrial and fine arts1 architecture1 art history1 and engineering2 architectural exhibitions show many specimens of students' work1 some of them prize winners in the ,beaux ,arts contests2 the ornamental gateway1 a gift of the class of #aiaf1 was designed by the students4 ,college ,museum contains1 among the portraits1 those of the seven ,presidents of the college1 and ,governor ,beaver1 also other paintings1 marbles and metal work4 ,art is being emphasized in the summer school4 ,auditorium presented by ,charles ,schwab1 ,esq41 has in the lobby1 heroic statue1 8,the ,hewer10 by ,george ,gray ,barnard4 ,opposite on the campus is the ,carnegie ,library2 architects1 ,seymour ,davis and ,paul ,a4 ,davis4 ,near ,state ,college is a picturesque village1 ,,boalsburg1 laid out with a small formal center square1 from which streets radiate toward the distant mountains4 ,colonel ,theodore ,boal1 architect1 who raised and equipped a machine gun company for the ,world ,war1 has created a museum for his warfare collections1 curious old armor1 dating back to the ,crusaders1 and a large amount of ,world ,war relics1 ,german airplanes1 helmets1 gas masks1 etc42 there is also a ,napoleon ,room2 and he has erected a chapel1 old ,spanish model1 which houses rare wall hangings1 vestments1 church furnishings1 and manuscripts in ,spanish1 dating from the time of ,columbus2 they were inherited by ,mrs4 ,boal1 a direct descendant from ,columbus4 ,colonel ,boal also keeps up1 on his property1 a reservation or captain's camp1 for the ,twenty-eighth ,division1 the ,iron ,division4 ,,bellefonte1 county seat1 population #ciif1 was founded1 #agie1 by ,james ,harris and ,colonel ,james ,dunlop1 who gave the ground for the courthouse and academy2 and certain lots1 to be sold1 to provide for the erection of said buildings4 ,name said to have been suggested by ,talleyrand1 who visited ,james ,harris at his home 8,marlbrook10 now the ,bellefonte ,poor ,house2 ,illustration3 ,,court ,,house ,,and ,,governor ,,curtin ,,memorial1 ,,bellefonte being asked by ,mrs4 ,harris to suggest a name for the town he said1 8,bellefonte1 for this beautiful spring02 the spring is computed to flow #ad1fjj gallons per minute1 and scarcely varies1 entire supply being conveyed to the borough4 ,it is a conservative and aristocratic old town1 with residences of ,governors ,curtin1 ,beaver1 and ,hastings1 whose homes may still be seen2 and fine old colonial doorways2 the library of ,judge ,ellis ,l4 ,orvis is noted for its rare first editions1 one of the best in ,pennsylvania4 ,courthouse is in the ,public ,square1 built1 #ahje1 ,greco-colonial1 with ,ionic columns1 architect1 probably ,ezra ,ale1 has been twice enlarged without changing the front2 entrance to the east addition harmonizes with the main west front2 architects1 ,newman ,harris1 ,philadelphia1 for enlargement in #aiaa4 ,contains portraits of past judges of the county4 ,in the diamond1 in front of courthouse1 is state memorial to ,pennsylvania's ,war ,governor and ,united ,states ,ambassador to ,russia1 ,andrew ,g4 ,curtin2 bronze1 heroic1 portrait statue on granite pedestal1 sculptor1 ,w4 ,clark ,noble2 on either side are bronze panels giving names of ,center ,county's soldiers in wars of the ,republic4 ,the ,bellefonte ,academy1 founded in #ahje1 burned #aije1 was rebuilt1 classic1 architect1 ,robert ,cole of ,bellefonte4 ,illustration3 ,,beaver ,,county ,,xxviii ,,beaver ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj2 named for one of our most industrious little animals2 was in the track of earliest of ,french and ,english explorers of the ,mississippi ,valley1 to which the ,ohio ,river ,valley forms an integral part4 ,it was the scene of heroic labors of ,moravian and ,jesuit missionaries1 who built their stations on the borders of the ,beaver ,river4 ,the ,indian villages were the homes of some of the most noted warriors of the aboriginal tribes1 and sites of important treaty conferences between them and the colonial governments of ,pennsylvania and ,virginia4 ,chief industries are coal and steel4 ,yards of the ,pennsylvania ,railroad at ,conway1 said to be the largest in the world2 the famous glass factories of ,rochester and ,monaca1 are at junction of the ,ohio and ,beaver rivers4 ,four bridges are here1 including that of the ,pittsburgh and ,lake ,erie ,railroad1 a massive structure of fine engineering skill1 #ij feet above the river4 ,,beaver1 county seat 7,indian1 ,shingoes ,town71 population #dace1 was laid out in #agia1 on a high level plateau overlooking the ,ohio ,river1 by the ,surveyor ,general of the state4 ,five streets1 #ajj feet wide1 following direction of river1 were planned1 with five of same width crossing at right angles1 and each square divided again by streets #be feet in width2 eight squares were reserved for use of the town1 one at each corner1 north1 east1 south and west1 and four in the center1 which1 with a wide strip fronting the river1 constitute the parks2 all beautifully laid out1 they have large trees1 and are planted with ornamental shrubbery4 ,the present added territory1 east and west1 makes the town twice the original size4 ,courthouse1 brick with stone trimmings1 is on one of the center squares2 the jail1 a quaint old stone building1 faces on opposite square2 in center stands the ,soldiers' and ,sailors' ,monument4 ,at foot of ,market ,street is a tall flagstaff marking site of ,fort ,mc,intosh1 built1 #aggh1 by ,general ,mc,intosh1 on earlier site of a ,french town built in #aged4 ,,beaver ,,falls1 population #ab1hjb1 oldest and largest manufacturing town1 consequent on the great water power of ,beaver ,river and ,falls1 has ,geneva ,college and a fine ,carnegie ,library4 ,the residence section is on a bluff #bjj feet high1 with fine view4 ,,new ,,brighton1 population #icfa1 connected with ,beaver ,falls by bridges1 has the ,merrick ,art ,galleries1 acquired by gift to the city1 with collection of paintings of merit and value1 and liberal endowment for purpose of adding to the collection1 library1 museum1 and to employ teachers in the future4 ,armory is headquarters of the famous ,tenth ,regiment4 ,near the town is a ravine1 through which flows ,brady's ,run1 scene of many thrilling events in life of the famous ,indian fighter1 ,captain ,samuel ,brady4 ,morado has a beautiful park on the ,beaver ,river4 ,at ,rock ,point1 on the ,connoquenessing ,creek1 is wild and tumultuous scenery4 ,,legionville1 ,general ,anthony ,wayne wintered his soldiers here in #agib2 the trenches and position of some of the redoubts are still discernible2 marked by flagstaff1 erected by the ,fort ,mc,intosh ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,farther east is quaint old town of ,,economy1 home of the ,harmony ,society1 disciples of ,doctor ,rapp2 thrifty1 industrious people of the past1 almost effaced by the town of ,ambridge1 of the ,american ,bridge ,company1 who purchased a large tract of their land4 ,near ,smith's ,ferry1 on the north bank of the ,ohio1 is large group of interesting ,indian picture carvings1 cut into the surface of the ,piedmont sandstone1 exposed in the river at a three foot stage of water2 they are scattered over the surface of the rock ledge1 for a space about forty feet in width1 and #gjj feet in length1 and represent a great variety of the forms of men and animals1 birds1 fish1 and reptiles1 including the beaver1 bear1 wolf1 turtle1 snake1 and eagle1 human footprints and the tracks of various beasts2 as well as inanimate objects1 scalphoop1 bows1 and arrows2 there is also a picture of a bison chasing a dog2 another large collection of similar pictures1 on the ,susquehanna ,river at ,safe ,harbor1 ,lancaster ,county1 contains the same forms of the wolf and the turtle1 from which well-known tribes of the ,delaware ,indians were named1 which would seem to connect them with that tribe2 casts and photographs of these carvings may be seen at the ,carnegie ,museum1 ,pittsburgh4 ,illustration3 ,,crawford ,,county ,,xxix ,,crawford ,,county ,formed ,march #bj1 #ahjj2 named for ,colonel ,william ,crawford4 ,first well in the world drilled for petroleum1 was completed here in #ahei2 valley of ,oil ,creek1 south of ,titusville1 once most productive of oil in ,united ,states4 ,land peculiarly suited to grazing1 stock raising1 and general farming4 ,french ,creek was followed by ,washington1 #agec1 from ,franklin1 ,venango ,county1 to ,fort ,le ,breuf1 ,erie ,county4 ,he returned1 descending it in canoe2 on ,french ,creek1 north of ,meadville1 are ,saegerstown and ,cambridge ,springs1 with famous health-giving waters4 ,conneaut ,lake1 three and one-half miles by one mile1 is largest lake in ,pennsylvania1 covering about #abjj acres4 ,,meadville1 county seat1 population #ad1efh1 settled in #aghh by ,david ,mead2 his house still stands on ,randolph ,street1 with modern outer walls2 at roots of a maple tree1 planted by him1 is granite marker1 inscription1 8,this house1 erected ,may1 #agig1 by ,general ,david ,mead1 founder of ,meadville2 ,ensign in the ,war of ,american ,revolution2 ,major-,general1 #adth and #aeth ,division1 ,pennsylvania ,militia2 rendered signal service in the war of #ahab1 and an associate ,judge at the time of his death4 ,placed by the ,colonel ,crawford ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r41 #aijb40 ,in ,diamond ,park1 center of city1 five acres1 set in huge granite boulder found there1 is bronze tablet1 inscription1 8,in commemoration of ,colonel ,william ,crawford1 born in ,virginia #agcb1 burned at the stake by ,delaware ,indians near ,sandusky1 ,ohio1 ,june #aa1 #aghb4 ,revolutionary soldier1 friend and companion of ,washington1 brave and distinguished frontiersman of ,western ,pennsylvania2 this county is named in his honor4 ,erected by ,colonel ,crawford ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r41 #aiab02 also ,pioneer's ,monument1 erected ,may #ab1 #ahhh1 to mark one hundredth anniversary of ,meadville2 and the ,soldiers' ,monument1 erected1 #ahij4 ,parrott guns1 relics of the ,civil ,war1 are at the base2 inscription1 8,crawford ,county's tribute to her loyal sons1 #ahfa-ahfe40 ,courthouse faces the park1 ,renaissance1 architect1 ,e4 ,t4 ,roberts1 built in #ahgj4 ,on a house west of the park is a tablet1 inscription1 8,site of first ,court ,house and ,gaol1 north of ,pittsburgh1 #ahjd-be2 placed by ,colonel ,crawford ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r41 #aiji02 also facing the park are the post office1 built by the government1 #aiaj1 ,georgian architecture1 red brick and white marble2 and the ,unitarian ,church1 built in #ahce1 red brick1 classic1 ,doric architecture4 ,on the terrace1 at ,locust ,street1 is a small stone tablet1 marking an old ,indian trail1 along which ,washington passed to ,fort ,le ,boeuf2 ,the 8,terrace10 an attractive residence street1 is the sloping ground following the old canal4 ,meadville ,free ,library contains a complete file of the 8,crawford ,weekly ,messenger10 published by ,thomas ,atkinson at ,meadville1 first newspaper northwest of the ,allegheny ,mountains2 annual exhibitions of paintings by ,american artists are held here2 an excellent permanent collection is being accumulated by the art association1 among the artists represented are ,charles ,c4 ,curran1 ,charles ,bittinger1 and ,charlotte ,b4 ,coman4 ,allegheny ,college founded in #ahae1 co-ed1 is well equipped as to instructors1 apparatus1 and buildings1 campus twenty acres1 nearly one million dollars endowment2 ,bentley ,hall1 the oldest building1 erected in #ahbj1 is of fine colonial architecture2 ,library1 classic architecture1 contains autograph letters from ,thomas ,jefferson1 ,james ,madison1 ,james ,monroe1 ,john ,wesley1 ,commissions to ,timothy ,alden1 first ,president1 descended from ,longfellow's ,john ,alden2 portraits of all the ,presidents of the college1 ,president ,clark by ,inman1 also ,hon4 ,james ,winthrop1 and of ,rev4 ,william ,bentley of ,salem1 ,massachusetts1 who bequeathed here his library1 one of the rarest in the country4 ,the ,pennsylvania ,college of ,music1 chartered1 #ahhg1 is complete in its faculty and curriculum1 for study in every department of music and allied arts4 ,meadville ,theological ,school1 chartered #ahdf1 contains a fine library2 in the chapel is a portrait1 by ,john ,neagle1 ,philadelphia1 painted in #ahdh1 of ,harm ,jan ,huidekoper1 founder of the school2 he was the first representative of the ,holland ,land ,company in ,meadville in #ahjb4 ,lafayette ,hotel is on site of 8,the ,gibson ,tavern10 where ,lafayette dined in #ahbe4 ,a house on ,water ,street1 corner of ,steers ,alley1 is site of blockhouse built1 #agid2 and ,north ,ward ,school is on site of the ,state ,arsenal1 #ahaf-eh2 all three marked with tablets by ,colonel ,crawford ,chapter1 ,daughters ,american ,revolution4 ,,titusville1 chartered as a city in #ahff2 population #hdcb2 named for ,jonathan ,titus1 first settler in #agif4 ,here in #ahei1 ,colonel ,edwin ,l4 ,drake1 by drilling1 gave to the world rock oil2 first oil well half mile southeast of center of town1 is marked by a boulder monument1 with large tablet1 showing replica of photograph of oil derrick and surrounding trees1 taken when oil was discovered2 inscription1 8,this native boulder marks the spot where1 through the foresight1 energy and perseverance of ,edwin ,l4 ,drake1 the first well was drilled for oil1 ,august #bg1 #ahei2 oil was found at a depth of sixty-nine feet2 this great discovery inaugurated the ,petroleum ,industry4 ,erected by the ,canadohta ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r41 ,aug4 #bg1 #aiad02 ,drake ,monument1 entrance to ,woodlawn ,cemetery1 emblematic figure of a driller1 bronze1 heroic size1 curving architectural background1 granite2 sculptor1 ,charles ,niehaus2 tomb of ,drake faces the monument2 ,drake ,museum1 west of ,titusville1 brick1 architect1 ,edwin ,bell1 contains collections of interest relating to early history of the oil industry4 ,benson ,memorial ,library1 ,franklin ,street1 near ,main ,street1 colonial1 brick and ,indiana sandstone1 built1 #aijb1 architects1 ,jackson ,rosencrans1 ,new ,york4 ,st4 ,james ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 built1 #ahfc1 ,gothic1 native stone1 has fine ,tiffany window4 ,presbyterian ,church1 built1 #ahhg1 ,romanesque1 ,medina sandstone1 is on site of log church built in #ahae2 stained glass window by the ,montague ,pastle-,london ,co4 of ,new ,york4 ,presbyterian ,chapel1 #aijg1 ,romanesque1 stained glass window by ,lamb1 ,new ,york4 ,the ,commercial ,bank has a portrait of ,john ,l4 ,mc,kinney1 former president1 by ,john ,c4 ,johanson4 ,illustration3 ,,drake ,,monument ,,with ,,statue ,,of ,,the ,,driller1 ,,titusville ,charles ,h4 ,niehaus1 ,sculptor ,,xxx ,,erie ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj2 named for ,lake ,erie1 the name ,erie from a tribe of ,indians1 ,eries1 conquered by the ,iroquois ,confederacy in #afec1 their identity and language is lost2 curious mounds and circular embankments1 still found in several places1 show traces of a race superior to the ,indians2 human bones in large quantities have been unearthed on line of the ,pennsylvania and ,erie ,railroad1 indicating huge physical development1 one was nine feet in height4 ,the triangle north of ,pennsylvania and west of ,new ,york was purchased1 by authority of ,governor ,mifflin1 in #agia1 from the ,united ,states1 to obtain a lake port for the state2 conveyance being signed by ,president ,washington and ,thomas ,jefferson1 ,secretary of ,state2 afterwards the ,indian title was purchased from the ,six ,nations1 through the diplomacy of ,cornplanter 7,gyantwachia71 the ,seneca chief1 for which the state gave him a reservation in ,warren ,county2 later the ,indians resolved to prevent the settlement of ,presque ,isle by ,americans1 but ,general ,wayne gained a decisive and final victory against them in the battle of 8,fallen ,timbers0 on ,maumee ,road in #agid4 ,the ,shore belt1 for ten miles in width1 is noted for grape and fruit raising2 back of this is a productive agricultural section4 ,iron and steel industries predominate4 ,principal roads are along the south shore of ,lake ,erie1 called the ,east and ,west ,lake ,roads1 ,illustration3 ,erie ,county ,map of ,erie ,county showing3 ,city of ,,erie2 ,towns of ,,edinboro1 ,,waterford1 and ,,le ,,boeuf2 ,railroad lines of the ,pennsylvania ,railroad1 ,new ,york ,central1 and ,new ,york ,chicago ,st4 ,louis2 ,,lake ,,erie2 ,,presque ,,isle2 and ,,walnut1 ,,elk1 ,,conneaut1 and ,,french ,creeks that form a fifty-mile section of the international touring route across the continent4 ,the old ,french ,road from ,erie southeast to ,waterford1 #ah miles1 was originally part of the stage route between ,pittsburgh and ,erie1 and also the old portage route from ,lake ,erie1 for military and commercial purposes1 to the head waters of the ,allegheny ,river navigation1 at ,fort ,le ,boeuf1 ,waterford1 on ,lake ,le ,boeuf4 ,in #agec1 ,major ,george ,washington1 twenty-one years old1 first caught the attention of mankind2 he came with a message from ,governor ,dinwiddie of ,virginia1 to notify the ,french to discontinue fortifying ,presque ,isle and ,le ,boeuf1 claiming them to be ,british territory4 ,captain ,riparti came from ,presque ,isle for the conference4 ,washington was accompanied by ,christopher ,gist 7,white7 and an ,indian interpreter4 ,they were in ,fort ,le ,boeuf from ,december #aa-af1 and treated courteously by the ,french officers1 who stated they would communicate with their superior officer1 ,marquis ,du ,quesne1 but at present must refuse to comply4 ,,erie1 county seat1 population #ic1cgb1 on site of ,presque ,isle ,fort1 built by the ,marquis ,du ,quesne in #agec2 one of the chain of thirteen ,french forts extending from ,quebec to ,fort ,du ,quesne2 is #ce feet above the lake1 #egc feet above sea level4 ,surveyed by ,andrew ,ellicott1 in #agie1 first ,surveyor ,general of the ,united ,states1 three public parks of five acres each were in the original plan1 along ,sixth street1 one mile apart4 ,perry ,square1 ,sixth and ,state ,streets1 on original plan1 is focus of public life1 it contains memorial monuments to ,captain ,charles ,v4 ,gridley1 bronze statue1 erected in #aiac1 commander of the flagship of ,admiral ,dewey's ,squadron1 in ,manila ,bay2 ,eben ,brewer1 bronze statue1 first ,american postmaster in ,cuba2 ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 large granite boulder surmounted by two cannon1 erected1 #aijb2 and bronze statue to ,civil ,war soldiers1 erected1 #ahgb4 ,courthouse1 facing ,perry ,square1 classic1 ,corinthian columns1 native stone1 erected in #aheb1 the bell is a trophy of war1 from the ,british battleship ,queen ,charlotte1 in #ahac2 court room contains complete representation of portraits of ,erie ,county judges4 ,public ,library1 ,south ,perry ,square1 ,italian ,renaissance1 granite1 built in #ahig1 architects1 ,alden ,harlow1 ,pittsburgh1 contains portraits of ,commodore ,perry1 ,general ,anthony ,wayne1 ,captain ,charles ,v4 ,gridley1 ,president ,lincoln2 in the ,art ,gallery is a small permanent collection of works by ,american artists1 among those represented are ,childe ,hassam1 ,r4 ,m4 ,shurtleff1 ,f4 ,s4 ,church1 ,george ,r4 ,barse1 ,arthur ,parton1 ,h4 ,bolton ,jones1 ,charles ,a4 ,hulbert1 and ,henry ,mosler2 annual art exhibitions are held here by the ,erie ,art ,club4 ,the ,library also has a museum1 with relics of the ,french and ,indian1 the ,revolutionary ,war1 the ,war of #ahab1 and later wars4 ,erie has a conservatory of music1 with an organized symphony orchestra1 and glee club4 ,the old ,custom ,house1 ,state ,street1 north of ,perry ,square1 built in #ahcg1 classic1 brick with white marble steps and ,doric columns1 was first used as a ,united ,states bank1 now in possession of the ,grand ,army of the ,republic4 ,erie has fifty-five churches1 eighteen missions1 and ,illustration3 ,,washington ,,statue ,site of ,fort ,de ,boeuf1 ,waterford ,mr4 and ,mrs4 ,e4 ,c4 ,kilpatrick1 ,sculptors other religious societies1 also two cathedrals4 ,st4 ,paul's1 ,protestant ,episcopal1 ,west ,sixth ,street1 ,gothic1 stone1 built1 #ahff1 architect1 ,st4 ,john of ,detroit1 rose window by ,tiffany1 who also made some of the memorial windows2 ,st4 ,peter's ,roman ,catholic1 ,tenth and ,sassafras ,streets1 ,gothic2 ,medina ,new ,york red sandstone1 trimmed with white sandstone from ,amherst1 ,ohio1 and ,mercer ,county1 ,pennsylvania1 built in #ahic1 architect1 ,c4 ,c4 ,keely1 ,new ,york2 contains statues of ,st4 ,peter and ,st4 ,paul1 ,carrara marble1 made in ,italy2 stations and stained glass windows from ,munich1 ,germany2 other windows made in this country4 ,memorial windows are also in the ,first ,presbyterian ,church2 ,st4 ,mary's and ,st4 ,john ,kanty 7,polish74 ,the ,state ,soldiers and ,sailors' ,home and ,marine ,hospital1 built1 #ahfg-fh1 brick and stone1 is located on the lake front2 on the grounds is a replica of the original blockhouse fort1 where ,general ,anthony ,wayne died in #agif1 after his conquest of the ,northwest in #agie2 he was buried here1 until his body was removed in #ahji to ,st4 ,david's burial ground1 ,radnor4 ,the blockhouse1 showing plan of construction1 was built in #ahhj1 as memorial to ,general ,wayne1 it contains relics1 and part of coffin lid with his inscription2 these grounds were the reservation1 on old ,city ,plan of #agie1 set apart for fortifications1 in the most commanding position1 for protection to entrance of harbor4 ,most of the military history of ,erie is interwoven with the location between ,parade and ,wayne ,streets1 north of ,fifth ,street2 here was the first white settlement1 ,presque ,isle ,village1 and ,french fort in #agec4 ,on bluff near ,parade ,street1 blockhouses were erected1 #agec-if-ahac4 ,parade ,street formed part of the old ,french road to ,fort ,le ,boeuf1 ,french garrison1 #agec-ei2 ,english #agfj-fc1 and in #aghe ,american #agie-ahjf1 also #ahab-ac4 ,here in #agfc took place the hard fought two days' battle of ,presque ,isle1 with ,pontiac1 chief of the ,ottawas1 who1 with a vast force1 simultaneously attacked all thirteen forts1 and captured nine of them1 including ,presque ,isle and ,le ,boeuf1 and again this was the objective point of the ,indians in #agid1 when they were finally conquered by ,general ,wayne4 ,here ,thomas ,rees1 first justice of peace1 entertained in his tent at the mouth of ,mill ,creek1 a ,french exile1 the ,duke de ,chartres1 subsequently ,louis ,philippe1 king of ,france4 ,at the foot of ,peach and of ,cascade ,streets1 granite blocks1 with brass markers1 note approximate positions where ,commodore ,oliver ,hazard ,perry's ships were built1 on which he won the victory of the 8,battle of ,lake ,erie10 in #ahac4 ,the powder used to fight that battle was made at ,du ,pont's1 ,wilmington1 ,delaware1 and brought through ,pennsylvania in ,conestoga wagons4 ,the second flagship of his fleet1 the ,niagara1 is in ,erie ,harbor1 having been raised from the sand of ,misery ,bay1 where it lay for nearly a century2 it was rebuilt by the state at a cost of #ge1jjj for the ,perry ,centennial in #aiac2 the first flagship1 ,lawrence1 was raised and rebuilt for the ,centennial ,exposition in ,philadelphia1 in #ahgf2 also in ,erie harbor is the ,united ,states warship ,michigan1 now named ,wolverine and used as a naval militia training ship2 built in #ahdd1 it was the first iron warship1 and brought to ,erie in sections from ,pittsburgh2 the original engine is still intact and seaworthy2 now oldest ironclad vessel in the world4 ,at foot of ,french ,street1 ,commodore ,perry's fleet landed with the captured ,british squadron4 ,this place was camping ground of the ,pennsylvania militia2 in ,war of #ahab-ac1 the ,british fleet was drawn up in front of the harbor1 to destroy ,perry's vessels while under construction2 ,captain ,daniel ,dobbins of ,erie1 commander of the ,ohio1 was the guiding spirit in building the fleet2 #bejj soldiers encamped here1 with cannon mounted1 and such military preparedness as to forebode disaster to an enemy attempting entrance to the harbor4 ,general ,lafayette visited ,erie in #ahbe1 and a banquet was given him4 ,the ,presque ,isle peninsula1 surrounding ,erie harbor1 has a state park1 of more than #aejj acres1 which is free to all2 it gives ,erie a large and thoroughly protected harbor2 #ajj acres were reserved for ,united ,states fortifications and dockyards2 a life-saving station here1 established in #ahgf1 is place of interest4 ,presque ,isle ,bay is the finest natural harbor on the ,great ,lakes1 four and one-half miles long1 one and one-half miles wide4 ,lakeside ,park1 an irregular and sloping strip of land along the water front1 from ,mill ,creek on east1 to ,city line west1 sixty-five acres1 was laid out in #ahhh by ,john ,l4 ,cully1 landscape engineer2 other open spaces are the ,waterworks ,park2 the ,reservoir2 ,erie1 ,trinty and ,lakeside ,cemeteries4 ,present city planner is ,john ,nolan1 of ,massachusetts4 ,erie has also twenty smaller parks1 of these the largest are ,glenwood1 between ,sassafras and ,cherry ,streets1 purchased by ,erie ,public ,park ,association in #aijc1 #aad acres1 a natural forest with large stream of clear water and swimming pool2 the ,fish ,hatchery1 ,twenty-third and ,sassafras ,streets1 one of the most important in the state2 ,waldamere1 four miles west on ,lake ,erie1 and the ,state ,normal ,school ,grounds at ,edinboro1 sixteen miles south of ,erie4 ,,xxxi ,,venango ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj1 territory then recently acquired by treaties from the ,indians1 named from ,in-nan-ga-eh 7a rude figure cut in a tree71 ,seneca language4 ,a well-watered country1 the ,allegheny ,river meandering through rugged hills1 about #djj feet high1 presents places of rare scenic grandeur2 into it flow several streams of considerable volume1 among them ,oil ,creek1 ,french ,creek1 and ,big ,sandy4 ,for a number of years after the discovery of petroleum1 in #ahei1 it continued to be the principal oil-producing field2 now chief industries are manufacturing1 refining of petroleum1 lumbering1 and agriculture4 ,,franklin1 county seat1 population #iigj1 named for ,benjamin ,franklin1 was laid out by ,william ,irvine and ,andrew ,ellicott1 state commissioners1 in #agie1 on a plateau where a few ,seneca ,indians were living in comparative security1 with a lookout on the highest point of the highest hill1 giving views up and down the two beautiful rivers4 ,being a conservative town1 the original city plan has been closely followed1 descendants of the early white settlers are living on their own lands from original surveys4 ,courthouse1 ,renaissance1 brick1 in center of a fine wide park1 contains portrait of ,john ,morrison1 first town crier2 near by is ,soldiers' ,monument1 marble shaft surmounted by an eagle2 on the pedestal are carved names of ,venango ,county soldiers killed in the ,civil ,war2 opposite is the ,franklin ,news office1 ,renaissance1 good modern construction4 ,illustration3 ,,venango ,,county ,st4 ,john's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church has fine ,tiffany windows2 the ,presbyterian1 ,baptist1 and ,roman ,catholic churches all have good architecture and stained glass windows4 ,fine ,armory ,building4 ,original lock and dam are preserved intact1 in an early canal extended to ,franklin1 from the 8,feeder0 ,canal several miles below ,meadville1 on ,french ,creek1 its course is plainly seen at many places along the creek2 five old bridges that were swept away by fire and ice have been replaced by modern structures2 one is called the 8,washington10 concrete1 handsome design4 ,three early frontier forts were here1 sites marked by monuments and tablets1 ,fort ,machault1 ,french1 ,elk ,street near ,sixth ,street1 #agec-ei2 ,washington came here on way to ,fort ,le ,boeuf1 #agec2 this fort had a share in the maneuvers that precipitated 8the great seven years war0 and dissipated the dreams of an extended ,french empire2 the expedition which brought on actual hostilities was organized and received its impetus at ,fort ,machault4 ,french troops passed through1 and often a thousand ,indians lingered here4 ,fort ,venango1 ,elk ,street at ,eighth ,street1 ,english1 #agfj-fc1 captured and burned by the ,indians during ,pontiac's war2 and ,fort ,franklin1 on ,franklin ,avenue west of ,thirteenth ,street1 built by ,united ,states #aghg-if1 later abandoned2 also the ,old ,garrison1 on bank of ,french ,creek near junction with ,allegheny ,river1 erected by the ,united ,states after ,fort ,franklin4 ,this city has never failed in a military crisis2 during the war of #ahdh1 ,george ,c4 ,mc,clellan led the 8forlorn hope0 which captured the fortified buildings at ,chepultepec1 making the taking of the palace possible4 ,six miles down the river is 8,indian ,god ,rock10 on which are still seen ,indian picture writings2 near this rock1 ,celeron1 a ,frenchman1 under orders from the governor of ,canada1 is said to have buried one of the engraved leaden plates1 placed at various points from ,lake ,erie to the ,mississippi ,river1 as marks of renewal of ,french possession4 ,opposite is a bald mountain1 from which are fine views of river scenery2 among the hills are numerous caves and ravines1 a lovely ravine is ,glen ,fern south of ,franklin2 ,monarch ,park1 halfway to ,oil ,city1 is a well-equipped pleasure ground4 ,,oil ,,city1 on ,oil ,creek1 population #ba1bgd1 so named because it was the center of the oil industry after discovery of petroleum in #ahei4 ,in early days1 8,seneca ,oil0 was obtained from the ,indians1 who gathered it by spreading their blankets in ,oil ,creek1 the surface of which was covered with oil4 ,hasson ,park1 with forty acres of natural wooded area1 has rustic1 stone1 arch gateway at ,bissell ,avenue entrance4 ,in ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,church are memorial windows by ,lamb1 ,new ,york4 ,united ,states ,post ,office at the corner of ,seneca and ,clifford ,streets1 built by the ,government in #aijf1 ,romanesque1 gray brick and stone4 ,carnegie ,library1 built1 #aijd1 modified ,romanesque1 gray brick and stone2 architect1 ,charles ,d4 ,bollon1 ,philadelphia4 ,five bridges over the ,allegheny ,river include the original suspension bridge and 8,the ,petroleum10 said to be finest in strength and dimension north of ,pittsburgh2 in #ahib a large petroleum tank caught fire and burning oil spread over the water in the creek1 it also set fire to the buildings1 and many lives were lost4 ,from ,franklin and ,oil ,city1 public highways1 now under state control1 lead along streams and over uplands of great beauty4 ,illustration3 ,,iron ,,furnace--,,oil ,,city ,,and ,,vicinity ,when the iron and steel industry started1 iron furnaces such as the above were built near deposits of bog ore1 and the product shipped by the river to ,pittsburgh long before railroads arrived or cities appeared ,,xxxii ,,warren ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj2 named for ,general ,joseph ,warren1 who fell at the ,battle of ,bunker ,hill in #agge2 land is varied1 with mountains1 plains1 and narrow valleys2 the ,allegheny ,river flows through1 with tributaries large enough for floating rafts or propelling machinery4 ,the beautiful ,kinzua ,hills1 east1 are nearly #bbjj feet above tidewater1 over them is the famous ,kinzua ,viaduct1 said to be the highest in the world4 ,early industries were lumber and oil1 now they are chiefly agriculture and manufacturing4 ,,warren1 made county seat in #ahai1 was first laid out by ,general ,william ,irving and ,andrew ,elliott1 state commissioners in #agie2 population #ad1bgb2 in #ahjj1 first sawmill in the county was started which is said to have made the first raft of lumber ever floated down the ,allegheny2 it also sawed lumber in #ahje for ,jackson's ,tavern1 in which ,george ,w4 ,fenton1 afterwards governor of ,new ,york1 in #ahjf1 taught school1 until the schoolhouse of round logs with openings covered by oiled paper for windows1 was ready4 ,courthouse1 built1 #ahbe1 was first brick building in the county4 ,a suspension bridge crosses the ,allegheny here1 built about #ahga2 near entrance to bridge is the ,soldiers' ,monument1 granite1 erected in #aiji1 on which are inscribed the battles of ,warren ,county men in ,civil ,war4 ,bronze monument to ,general ,warren and his soldiers is in the west park1 dedicated1 #aiaj1 placed by the ,illustration3 ,,warren ,,county ,joseph ,warren ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,memorial ,library1 classic1 ,doric2 architect1 ,wetmore1 ,new ,york1 is on site of residence of ,francis ,henry1 ,esq4 ,,tidioute1 population #ajfe1 in midst of most picturesque surroundings1 hills #ejj to #gjj feet high1 covered thickly with forests1 where the ,allegheny ,river makes a beautiful curve1 crossed here by a suspension bridge built between #ahfj-gj1 was famous as an oil-producing community1 and the center of a large and excited population1 now a quiet residence of wealth and refinement4 ,also on banks of the ,allegheny is the ,cornplanter ,reservation1 given to the great ,seneca chief and his heirs for ever1 as a reward for military service and influence during the ,war of #ahab2 in #ahff1 the ,state ,legislature authorized the erection of a monument here1 inscription1 8,gyantwahia1 ,the ,cornplanter1 ,died at ,cornplanter ,town1 ,feb4 #ah1 #ahcf1 aged about #ajj years40 ,illustration3 ,,butler ,,county ,,xxxiii ,,butler ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj2 named in honor of ,general ,richard ,butler1 born in ,york ,county2 natural scenery is varied1 with hills1 knolls1 and ridges1 intervening valleys and broad1 fertile fields1 while many streams dash over rocky bottoms in all directions and flash their clear waters in the sunlight4 ,the county is rich in old traditions4 ,in #agec1 ,washington passed through over the ,indian trail extending from site of ,pittsburgh to ,franklin1 ,venango ,county2 ,lafayette stopped here overnight1 and many stories of hairbreadth escapes from ,indians are related1 among them that of ,massy ,harbison and her baby1 who after seeing two of her children killed and scalped1 almost starved for days1 but finally escaped2 the descendants of that baby still reside in the county4 ,robert ,morris owned about #ajj1jjj acres of land in this region4 ,chief industries1 notably its large output of oil and gas1 also manufactories2 the ,standard ,steel ,car ,works1 one of the largest plants in the ,united ,states1 and the ,standard ,plate ,glass ,works4 ,,butler1 county seat1 population #bc1ggh2 laid out in #ahjc2 rectangular1 sheltered on all sides by hills2 on the top of a small knoll is the public square1 with fountain1 walks1 grass plots1 and flower beds2 it contains the ,soldiers' ,monument1 dedicated in #ahid to 8,our ,silent ,defenders02 facing the park is the ,courthouse1 ,gothic ,french style1 with a high tower1 stone1 built in #ahhe2 architect1 ,james ,p4 ,bailey1 ,pittsburgh2 remodeled in #aijh by ,j4 ,c4 ,fulton1 of ,uniontown2 interior has mural paintings1 representing historic scenes in ,butler ,county2 the ,woman's ,club furnished a rest room for women here in the basement4 ,two interurban street railway lines from ,pittsburgh have their terminus near this point4 ,within two squares is the ,post ,office1 built1 #aiad1 ,grecian2 light brick with granite ,ionic columns2 architect1 ,oscar ,wenderoth4 ,opposite is ,st4 ,paul's ,roman ,catholic ,church1 ,english-,gothic1 with stone tower #ahj feet high2 constructed of beautifully colored local sandstone in the rough1 trimmed with the same stone dressed smooth2 roof1 variegated shingle tile2 architect1 ,john ,t4 ,comes1 ,pittsburgh2 interior has mural decorations by the ,christian ,art ,guild2 the altars are known as 8,tryptich10 said to be the only ones of their kind in ,america2 the sanctuary is considered among the richest and most complete in this country2 stained glass windows from ,george ,boos1 ,munich1 ,bavaria4 ,st4 ,peter's ,german ,catholic ,church has stained glass windows from ,munich1 made by ,meyer ,company1 who also made windows for ,st4 ,peter's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church4 ,the county has numerous fine1 concrete bridges2 ,butler ,viaduct is the largest1 #ajfj feet between the approaches connecting ,east ,wayne ,street with ,center ,avenue across a deep ravine1 built in #aiae by the ,fort ,pitt ,bridge ,works4 ,two miles northeast of town is a pleasure park of natural beauty in a wooded valley1 well equipped with dining rooms1 ball grounds1 lake for boating1 etc4 ,five miles from ,butler on the heights above ,herman ,station is ,,st4 ,,mary',s ,,monastery1 ,gothic1 built by the ,capuchin ,fathers1 of which ,st4 ,fiedelis ,college forms a part4 ,,saxonburg was laid out in #ahcb by ,john ,roebling1 here he lived and manufactured the first wire cable1 which he used in constructing suspension bridges that made him famous1 notably the ,brooklyn ,bridge across ,east ,river1 ,new ,york4 ,at ,,evans ,,city1 on a grassy knoll in the cemetery1 is the ,soldiers' ,monument2 ,quincy granite shaft1 surmounted by an eagle standing on a globe1 the names of forty-five soldiers are inscribed on it2 dedicated1 #ahid4 ,on the same road is ,,harmony1 an old historic settlement1 founded by ,george ,rapp of ,germany2 who organized a society known as ,harmonites1 they purchased #ejjj acres of best farm land along the ,connoquenessing ,creek1 amid beautiful scenery1 and formed a communistic colony2 all money and goods went into a common fund2 all worked together in harmony and concord2 the quaint old cemetery is surrounded by a wall four feet thick2 at the entrance is a gate consisting of one large stone which turns on a pivot2 more than one hundred of the sect are buried here2 high up on the bank1 above the creek1 is a curious stone formation called 8,rapp's ,seat10 here1 tradition relates1 8,father ,rapp0 used to sit and oversee the work carried on by the community2 the tourist is well repaid for the climb by the beautiful view from that high point4 ,another historic place is known as the 8,old ,stone ,house0 on ,mercer ,turnpike1 ten miles north of ,butler1 used as a tavern in the eighteenth century2 here in #ahdc1 an ,indian named 8,mohawk0 killed ,mrs4 ,wigton and her four children4 ,a ,state ,normal ,school with fine large buildings and wide1 shady campus is at ,,slippery ,,rock4 ,about #agib1 numerous depredations by ,indians were quieted for some time by ,general ,brodhead's expedition to the head waters of the ,allegheny ,river with ,captain ,samuel ,brady's help1 a notable ,indian fighter2 his leap of #bc feet over the waters at ,slippery ,rock1 #bj feet deep1 with ,indians back and front1 gained the praise of the ,indian chief1 who said1 8,blady make good jump40 ,at ,,west ,,sunbury an agricultural school has lately been established4 ,illustration3 ,,vineyard ,,hill ,harmony ,rapp's seat is back of the tree4 ,the path leads to it4 ,,xxxiv ,,mercer ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj2 named for ,general ,hugh ,mercer of the ,revolutionary ,war1 who was killed in the ,battle of ,princeton2 rolling land1 well watered with springs and creeks2 coal underlying one-fourth of land in the county2 chief industries are iron1 steel1 and agriculture2 early settlers were ,scotch-,irish4 ,in #ahab1 ,mercer ,county people were frequently called upon to aid in defense of ,erie2 the whole county would be aroused in a day by runners2 in a few hours most of the men1 whether militia or volunteers1 would be on the march2 one call came on ,sunday1 while service was being held in the courthouse2 the sermon was suspended1 news announced1 benediction given1 and immediate preparation for march commenced2 at another time1 news of threatened invasion came in the middle of grain harvest2 the response was immediate1 only one old man was left in the town4 ,,mercer1 county seat1 population #aicb2 was once an ,indian village of seventy lodges2 no settlement was made here until after ,wayne's victory over the ,indians in #agie2 it was laid out in #ahjc1 on two hundred acres of land given by ,john ,hoge of ,washington ,county4 ,the courthouse1 built1 #aiji1 colonial2 brick1 stone1 and concrete2 is in center of the public square of three acres2 interior finished in white marble2 mural painting in dome by ,edward ,everett ,simmons1 represents ,power1 ,innocence1 ,guilt1 and ,justice2 in the courtrooms ,illustration3 ,,mercer ,,county ,illustration3 ,,mural ,,painting ,,in ,,the ,,dome ,,of ,,mercer ,,county ,,court ,,house ,painted by ,edward ,everett ,simmons on second floor are symbolic mural paintings1 8,criminal ,law10 by ,vincent ,aderente1 and 8,civil ,law10 by ,arthur ,foringer1 made in #aiaa2 panels #aa by #ab feet2 in the judges' chambers is a portrait of ,honorable ,henry ,baldwin1 former member of the ,mercer ,county bar1 and ,justice of the ,supreme ,court of the ,united ,states1 #ahcj-dd4 ,on courthouse grounds is the monument1 granite and bronze1 to soldiers of ,mercer ,county in the war of #ahfa-fe4 ,the ,humes ,hotel1 at the northeast corner of the ,public ,square1 built1 #ahag1 then known as 8,the ,hackney ,house10 oldest hostelry in the county1 had as guests ,marquis de ,lafayette in #ahbd2 his room1 ,no4 #ab1 is open to guests2 ,president ,taylor and ,buchanan1 and ,general ,john ,b4 ,gordon of ,georgia also visited here4 ,the celebrated ,harthegig healing springs1 named after an ,indian chief1 is near ,mercer2 ,indians claimed it healed them of many diseases4 ,,hope ,,mills was the birthplace and the early home of ,george ,junkin1 ,d4,d41 who was father-in-law of ,general ,stonewall ,jackson2 his father was a captain in the ,war of #ahab4 ,,grove ,,city is a picturesque college town1 being the home of ,grove ,city ,college1 founded by ,dr4 ,isaac ,c4 ,kettler4 ,buhl farm1 near ,,sharon1 is a recreation park for citizens of ,shenango ,valley and has club house1 swimming pool1 golf1 tennis1 and baseball grounds4 ,illustration3 ,,armstrong ,,county ,,xxxv ,,armstrong ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahjj1 and named for ,general ,john ,armstrong1 who commanded the expedition against the ,indians at ,kittanning in #agef1 and destroyed their town2 a hilly and well-watered region with fine farming lands on bottoms and hills4 ,bituminous coal and limestone are found in all parts of the county2 cannel coal of excellent quality1 oil1 gas1 and iron ore2 the plate-glass industry at ,ford ,city is said to be the largest in the world4 ,historic places are1 site of ,fort ,jacob2 ,battle of ,blanket ,hill2 and point where ,washington and ,gist crossed the river1 not marked4 ,,kittanning1 county seat1 settled in #ahjd2 population #gaec2 on site of an ,indian village of same name2 later it was one of the ,french and ,indian forts1 extending via ,venango and ,fort ,le ,boeuf to ,erie4 ,an ,indian trail left ,horse ,shoe ,bend at ,kittanning ,point1 ,blair ,county1 and came through ,cambria ,county to ,cherry ,tree1 ,canoe ,point1 ,indiana ,county1 crossing from there to ,kittanning4 ,the courthouse1 jail1 and sheriff's house are built together1 of fine cut stone from ,catfish ,quarry1 ,clarion ,county1 cupola1 #ajh feet from the ground1 foundations1 #g feet wide1 sunk in solid rock #bd feet below the surface2 architect1 ,james ,mc,cullough1 ,jr41 ,kittanning1 built1 #ahgj-gc4 ,at ,,mahoning1 in #aghj1 was a fierce encounter with the ,indians by ,general ,brodhead1 commander of ,fort ,pitt1 and ,captain ,samuel ,brady1 and another encounter at ,brady's ,bend4 ,captain ,brady fought in the ,revolution1 at siege of ,boston1 in the massacre at ,paoli1 and in #aggi was ordered to ,fort ,pitt4 ,,ford ,,city1 population #efje1 has statue of ,colonel ,j4 ,b4 ,ford1 father of plate-glass industry4 ,several fine churches are here4 ,,xxxvi ,,indiana ,,county ,formed ,march #cj1 #ahjc4 ,named for ,indians2 early settlers1 mostly ,scotch-,irish1 who not only had the ,indians to contend with1 but also venomous reptiles and beasts of prey1 with which the country abounded2 near the cabin door one would hear the quick snap of the viselike jaws of the wolf1 one could see the panther crouching in a tree1 or the catamount glaring from a thicket4 ,chief industries1 agriculture and coal mining2 entire county is underlaid with bituminous coal of finest quality2 glass and brick-making are important2 electricity and natural gas solve the heating and lighting problems4 ,,indiana1 county seat1 laid out in #ahje2 population #gjdc2 courthouse1 in center of town1 brick and gray stone1 ,renaissance1 built1 #ahga1 jail in same style joins it1 built1 #ahhh4 ,town hall1 brick with ,cleveland limestone trimmings1 ,renaissance1 built1 #aiac1 architect1 ,h4 ,king ,conklin1 ,newark1 ,new ,jersey4 ,savings and ,trust ,company1 white brick1 ,renaissance4 ,presbyterian ,church1 semi-,gothic1 ,hummelstone1 has fine windows1 one by ,dodge1 ,new ,york1 formerly with ,tiffany4 ,united ,presbyterian ,church1 ,moorish1 brick1 built1 #ahea4 ,state ,normal ,school1 northeast of town on high ground beautifully kept1 buildings all of stone or brick1 modern school construction1 contains good reproductions of famous paintings and replicas of celebrated sculpture1 distributed throughout the ,illustration3 ,,indiana ,,county ,illustration3 ,,the ,,devil',s ,,elbow1 ,,east ,,of ,,indiana ,one of the most picturesque spots in the county ,illustration loaned by 8,the ,indiana ,progress10 ,indiana buildings as a decorative and educational element2 portrait of ,jane ,e4 ,leonard1 principal since opening in #ahge1 artist1 ,h4 ,s4 ,stevenson1 ,pittsburgh1 was given by the alumni2 and interesting class windows in ,leonard ,hall1 given by three separate graduate classes1 makers1 ,rudy ,brothers1 ,pittsburgh2 near the borough is ,devil's ,elbow1 one of nature's beauty spots4 ,armstrong ,spring1 an old ,indian camping ground1 on ,indian ,trail1 8,kittanning ,path10 which passed north of the ,rice ,hill1 west to this spring1 in private property1 and through normal school grounds to ,kittanning1 ,armstrong ,county2 over this trail ,lieut4 ,colonel ,john ,armstrong was sent with seven companies against ,indians1 at the battle of ,blanket ,hill1 ,kittanning1 in #agef4 ,two miles west on ,kittanning ,pike is site of ,clark's blockhouse1 first building in the county1 the spring and part of old stone fort are still there1 not marked4 ,,cherry ,,tree1 on ,susquehanna ,river prominent point on old purchase line1 in treaty of ,william ,penn with the ,indians at ,fort ,stanwix1 #agfh1 also called 8,canoe ,point02 from here1 the ,indians carried their canoes to the ,allegheny ,river at ,kittanning1 sixty miles away2 a direct line between these two points formed part of the boundary of lands acquired from the ,six ,nations4 ,where original ,cherry ,tree stood is the meeting point of ,indiana1 ,cambria1 and ,clearfield counties1 monument erected by county commissioners2 designed by ,e4 ,f4 ,carr ,company1 ,quincy1 ,massachusetts1 unveiled #ahid2 ,governor ,beaver made the address2 inscription1 8,this monument is erected to mark ,canoe ,place1 the corner of the ,proprietaries ,purchase from the ,indians by ,treaty at ,fort ,stanwix1 ,new ,york1 ,november #e1 #agfh40 ,in the southeast is a tunnel1 part of old portage railroad through spur of ,alleghenies1 where the ,conemaugh makes a bend of two and one-half miles4 ,near are ,aurora ,falls1 for sixty feet over rock and through a picturesque gorge to the ,conemaugh ,river 7,kiskiminetas7 which forms southern boundary1 tributary streams fall twenty to thirty feet to the mile4 ,near ,,armagh is the old ,buena ,vista ,furnace1 one of three operated in southeast section in the early forties1 relic of the early iron industry when ore was taken from the hills1 melted into pig metal1 and transported to the markets over the old ,pennsylvania ,canal4 ,,blairsville1 on proposed ,william ,penn highway1 settled1 #ahai1 population #dcia1 named for ,john ,blair of ,blair's ,gap4 ,first ,united ,presbyterian ,church1 ,tudor ,gothic4 ,,luzerne is said to have largest electrically equipped coal 7bituminous7 operations in the world1 and develops power to other operations within a radius of twenty-five miles4 ,,saltzburg1 settled in #ahag by ,andrew ,boggs1 is near site of an ,indian village1 beautiful ,kiski ,falls are here2 several wells producing salt of excellent quality were put down from #ahac and later4 ,,elder',s ,,ridge1 academy1 stone1 built in #ahaf1 was the first state vocational school in ,pennsylvania4 ,the underground railway was in active operation in ,indiana ,county during the latter days of slavery4 ,,xxxvii ,,cambria ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahjd2 named by early ,welsh settlers for the ,cambria ,hills in ,wales2 has been called the ,switzerland of ,america4 ,here are many places of historic and scenic interest4 ,the old ,kittanning ,trail crossed the country in the north through ,ashville1 where there is an ,indian burial ground4 ,near ,carrollton is ,hart's ,sleeping ,place2 he was a signer of the ,declaration of ,independence2 the ,british made special exertion to take him a prisoner1 so he wandered through the woods1 sleeping in caves1 being constantly hunted by the enemy4 ,south is ,,loretto1 a quaint old mountain town with one street1 and an almost entirely ,roman ,catholic community1 founded by ,prince ,demetrius ,gallitzin1 who brought a colony of settlers into the ,allegheny ,mountains about #agif1 and labored as a missionary in this district for forty years2 he died in #ahdj2 the church he built here has been rebuilt in a costly manner by ,charles ,schwab in honor of his birthplace4 ,st4 ,francis ,college has the tomb and monument of ,prince ,gallitzin in grounds4 ,southeast is ,,gallitzin at western end of a tunnel two-thirds of a mile long on the ,pennsylvania ,railroad1 #bafj feet above sea2 a bronze statue of the prince is here4 ,,prince ,,gallitzin ,,spring1 with a monument near by1 is along the ,state ,highway near ,summit1 on top of the ,alleghenies4 ,beyond is ,,cresson1 a noted and beautiful summer ,illustration3 ,,cambria ,,county ,illustration3 ,,monument ,,to ,,the ,,unknown ,,dead ,,of ,,the ,,johnstown ,,flood resort2 here is ,mount ,aloysius ,academy and the ,state ,tuberculosis ,sanatorium ,no4 #b4 ,,ebensburg1 county seat1 laid out in #ahje2 population #bagi1 is also a summer resort2 through the woods and around the lakes of this region the rhododendrons grow as tall as trees and are gorgeous in their bloom4 ,descending along the upper waters of the ,conemaugh1 numerous vestiges are seen of the old ,portage ,railroad1 a series of inclined planes1 connecting the ,state ,canal at ,hollidaysburg east and ,johnstown on the west4 ,dickens wrote of the scenery along the canal1 8,sometimes the way wound through some lonely gorge like a mountain pass in ,scotland40 ,many dams1 which are really lakes1 have been built by manufacturers1 the largest is three and one-half miles long1 surrounded by wooded hills with here and there a waterfall4 ,,johnstown1 population #fg1cbg1 at confluence of the ,conemaugh ,river and ,stony ,creek1 was founded in #ahjj by a ,swiss ,mennonite1 ,joseph ,schantz 7,johns74 ,a glance at the deep1 narrow valleys1 with their high inclosing walls1 goes far to explain the possibility of so tremendous a catastrophe as that which overwhelmed ,johnstown on ,may #ca1 #ahhi4 ,conemaugh ,lake1 two and one-half miles long1 one and one-half miles wide1 was reserved as a fishing ground by a club of ,pittsburgh engineers1 its waters were restrained by a dam #ajjj feet long1 built by the state as a reservoir to store water for the state canal during the dry seasons2 a continuance of violent rains filled the lake to overflowing2 the break occurred at three o'clock in the afternoon1 a gap of #cjj feet being formed at once4 ,the water that burst through swept down the valley in a mass one-half mile wide1 forty feet high1 carrying everything in its way1 completely destroying ,johnstown and other towns and villages in its track1 going #ah miles in seven minutes1 the distance between ,johnstown and the lake4 ,the mass of houses1 trees1 machinery1 railway iron and human bodies was checked by the railway bridge below ,johnstown1 which soon caught fire1 probably burning to death hundreds of persons imprisoned in the wreckage4 ,about #bbje lives were lost2 in the ,grandview ,cemetery a large space is dedicated to the 8,unidentified ,dead10 with a ,westerly granite monument1 having heroic size statues of ,faith1 ,hope1 and ,charity2 sculptor1 ,f4 ,barnicoat1 ,quincy1 ,massachusetts2 there are #ggh individual markers for the bodies1 largely unidentified1 laid out geometrically1 so that from whatever angle the plot is seen1 they are in curved rows4 ,johnstown was an important shipping station on the canal connecting ,philadelphia and ,pittsburgh4 ,an interesting feature now remaining is the canal tunnel at bend of the ,conemaugh1 four miles east of ,johnstown2 second such tunnel built in ,america2 constructed by the state about #ahbh or #ahcj2 the first is in ,lebanon ,county1 made in #ahbg4 ,the ,carnegie ,library received by bequest from ,james ,m4 ,swank1 historian and iron and steel statistician1 his books and historical relics4 ,franklin ,street ,methodist ,episcopal ,church1 ,gothic1 gray sandstone2 the sills under the windows of the auditorium are dressed stones from the abandoned ,pennsylvania ,canal ,locks1 near site of the present ,pennsylvania ,railroad station2 architect1 ,george ,fritz4 ,first ,presbyterian ,church1 at the corner of ,walnut and ,lincoln ,streets1 dedicated1 #aiac2 modified ,english ,illustration3 ,,the ,,gap ,,below ,,johnstown ,gothic1 ,cleveland gray sandstone and green tile1 architects1 ,badgley ,nicholas1 ,cleveland4 ,the ,cambria ,steel ,company began in #ahdj1 when ,george ,s4 ,king and ,david ,stewart discovered a vein of iron ore about fifteen inches thick1 on the ,laurel ,run1 west of ,johnstown2 they built the first blast furnace in ,cambria ,county in #ahdb1 calling it the ,cambria ,furnace2 in #ahdc ,dr4 ,peter ,shoenberger bought out ,david ,stewart's interest2 he was the great ironmaster of his time1 conducting a chain of furnaces1 forges and rolling mills1 stretching almost #ejj miles1 from the old ,marietta furnace in ,lancaster to the ,wheeling1 ,west ,virginia1 iron works4 ,the ,cambria ,iron ,works were completed in #ahec1 and sold to a syndicate of ,philadelphians who selected ,matthew ,newkirk as president2 in #ahed they rolled the first iron rails2 the first steel rails in ,america were rolled here in #ahfg from blooms imported from ,england4 ,iron is the county's chief industry4 ,illustration3 ,,clearfield ,,county ,,xxxviii ,,clearfield ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahjd2 named by the first settlers from a cleared field in the forest made by the ,indians1 site of 8,chingleclamouche's old ,town10 said to have been the most considerable ,indian village on the upper ,west ,branch of the ,susquehanna1 now ,clearfield ,borough4 ,the whole county is a continuous prospect of intensely picturesque scenery2 surface mountainous1 with ranges broken into innumerable1 irregular spurs1 indented by streams2 from many hilltops views of the greater part of the county may be seen2 the 8,knobs10 its loftiest summit1 is constantly in view1 and the intermediate country1 a panorama of natural beauty1 ever changing in atmospheric effects2 all the creeks1 tributaries of the ,west ,branch of the ,susquehanna1 have scenery which beggars description1 a veritable feast for the painter1 poet1 and romancer2 ,moshannon and ,clearfield ,creeks had their beaver dams4 ,up ,anderson's ,creek1 on the old ,milesburg and ,le ,boeuf road1 opened prior to #ahjb1 a detachment of regulars marched against the ,british at ,lake ,erie in the ,war of #ahab4 ,important ,indian trails traversed this county1 crossing the head waters of ,clearfield ,creek1 ,chest ,creek1 near 8,hart's ,sleeping ,place10 and the ,west ,branch at ,canoe ,place4 ,another ran from ,bald ,eagle ,creek where ,marsh ,creek empties1 in ,blair ,county1 going west crossed ,moshannon and ,clearfield ,creeks to ,chingleclamouche2 this was also called the ,trader's ,path2 none of the present roads are made upon the ,indian trails4 ,a mortar-shaped stone has been located about five miles east of ,clearfield1 on the ,state ,highway1 and has been marked by local ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution as site of an ,indian mill for grinding corn4 ,early settlers were mostly from older ,eastern counties2 these were followed by ,germans1 ,irish1 ,scotch-,irish1 and ,french4 ,chief industry1 the mining of bituminous coal4 ,in #ahbh ,peter ,karthaus arrived in ,harrisburg with six arks1 laden with bituminous coal from his mines in this county1 it was exhibited in front of the ,capitol2 not until about #ahgj did the industry begin to assume any great magnitude2 today the yearly output aggregates millions of tons1 and the lower measures are not yet developed4 ,peter ,karthaus also started the iron industry1 near ,,karthaus1 but it was short-lived2 here1 it is said1 the first successful attempt was made in ,pennsylvania to smelt iron by means of bituminous coal4 ,other important industries are vitrified brick1 drain tile1 and tanning4 ,,clearfield1 county seat2 population #hebi2 on land owned by ,abraham ,witmer1 laid out1 #ahje1 in regular squares like ,philadelphia2 streets running east and west are named1 those north and south numbered4 ,two small parks were reserved along the ,west ,branch4 ,principal buildings are scattered4 ,courthouse1 brick1 ,romanesque1 built in #ahfj1 architects1 ,cleveland ,bachus1 contains portraits of former judges1 among them ,honorable ,john ,holden ,orvis2 it is located in center of the original plan of the borough4 ,near are most of the churches1 of which the ,trinity ,methodist ,episcopal1 ,romanesque1 and ,st4 ,francis' ,roman ,catholic1 ,gothic1 may be mentioned for architecture4 ,the high school is well lighted and of best school construction2 each of the principal towns of this county has its high school4 ,prominent men of ,clearfield were1 ,honorable ,william ,bigler1 ,state ,governor1 and ,honorable ,william ,a4 ,wallace1 ,united ,states ,senator2 they are buried in ,hillcrest ,cemetery2 a monument to ,governor ,bigler was erected by the state4 ,illustration3 ,,tioga ,,county ,,xxxix ,,tioga ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahjd2 name1 corruption of the ,iroquois word 8,tiagoa0 7gateway72 noted for its high altitude and wonderful views2 part of ,allegheny plateau1 where it breaks into parallel flat-topped mountains1 supporting1 in shallow basins1 several isolated bituminous coal fields4 ,heritage of timber is being dissipated2 the ,state ,tree ,nursery at ,asaph is trying to replace the great waste4 ,chief industry1 agriculture1 land for dairy purposes is among the finest in the state1 several extensive milk condenseries4 ,indian trails crossed the county from ,big ,tree on the ,genesee1 among the ,senecas1 to the frontier at ,northumberland4 ,first great road was built by ,charles ,williamson of ,new ,york in #agib1 agent for ,sir ,william ,poulteney1 who had received a large grant of land in ,new ,york ,state1 adjoining ,pennsylvania1 in the 8,genesee ,country10 home of the ,seneca ,indians2 the road1 commencing at ,loyalsock1 passed through what is now ,williamsport1 up ,lycoming ,creek to ,trout ,run1 over ,laurel ,hill to 8,block ,house10 now ,liberty2 here ,williamson built a blockhouse of logs #bj by #dj feet1 as place of refuge2 to ,peter's ,camp1 now ,blossburg1 where coal was discovered in #agib2 ending near ,bath1 ,new ,york1 it opened up to settlers #ae1jjj1jjj acres of land in ,pennsylvania north of ,williamsport2 this road is still used from ,williamsport to ,tioga ,county4 ,county seat1 ,,wellsboro1 population #cdeb1 named for ,william ,hill ,wells1 ,united ,states ,senator #agii-ahad1 laid out ,march #ba1 #ahjf1 in a primeval wilderness4 ,courthouse1 center of group of county buildings facing the public green1 colonial with cupola1 built in #ahce1 native sandstone and conglomerate1 which was hauled on ox sleds for several miles over poor roads2 high on the southwest wall is carved the outline of an eagle1 insignia of one of the stonecutters from the neighboring ,welsh settlement4 ,opposite1 across the green1 is the brick office of the ,bingham ,estate1 built in #ahee1 and still occupied by the agent1 patent of #a1jjj1jjj acres1 land mostly in northern tier1 included site of ,binghamton1 ,new ,york4 ,william ,bingham1 lived #agea-ahjd1 was a ,philadelphia merchant1 member of ,continental ,congress1 and of the ,united ,states ,senate4 ,facing the courthouse is a ,soldiers' ,monument to ,civil ,war heroes1 dedicated1 #ahhf2 also on the green is a monument to the late ,john ,magee1 who developed the coal fields and railroads of the county1 a colossal portrait bust on polished granite pedestal2 sculptor1 ,samuel ,conkey1 ,new ,york4 ,best modern buildings are1 ,the ,presbyterian ,church1 ,gothic1 ,ohio sandstone1 erected in #ahid1 architects1 ,culver ,hudson1 ,williamsport1 contains1 among memorial windows1 one to ,george ,dwight ,smith1 killed in the battle of ,smith ,mountain2 also ,tiffany tablet to ,mrs4 ,a4 ,c4 ,shaw1 white marble1 framed in mosaic of favrile glass4 ,st4 ,paul's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 fronting the green1 is a choice example of ,norman ,romanesque1 the last ecclesiastical work of the late ,halsey ,wood1 ,new ,york1 built in #ahig1 ,illustration3 ,,antique ,,capital1 ,,chester ,,place1 ,,wellsboro ,used as a sun dial ,from ,stanford ,white collection native sandstone1 windows furnished by ,tiffany1 are quiet and pleasing in tone1 of unusual harmony with the masonry2 pulpit and altar are also from the ,tiffany studios2 the church contains many fine memorials4 ,st4 ,peter's ,roman ,catholic ,church was remodeled from the old academy1 locally an important and historic institution2 standing on a hill the church raises aloft a gilded cross1 impressive and beautiful above the surrounding foliage4 ,the broad main street is paved with brick1 around a central strip of green grass1 and shaded with fine old elms and maples4 ,the ,wellsboro ,cemetery1 purchased in #ahee1 was laid out by ,b4 ,f4 ,hathaway1 landscape gardener1 of ,flushing1 ,long ,island2 stone arch gateway1 ,romanesque1 of local conglomerate1 is memorial to ,honorable ,henry ,warren ,williams1 ,justice of ,supreme ,court1 buried here2 architect1 ,j4 ,h4 ,considine1 ,elmira2 on summit of the knoll is the grave of ,george ,w4 ,sears1 poet of outdoor life and wood lore1 monument has bas-relief bronze portrait1 set in granite2 ,honorable ,john ,j4 ,mitchell1 ,judge of ,pennsylvania ,supreme ,court and ,united ,states ,senator1 is also buried here4 ,woodland ,park1 twenty-six acres1 is owned by ,leonard ,harrison1 ,esq41 who generously maintains it for public use2 has surface of hill and dell1 stretches of natural forest1 and fine views from its higher outlooks4 ,several citizens have grounds formally laid out1 and planted under professional advice2 of these1 designed by ,bryant ,fleming1 of ,townsend ,fleming1 ,buffalo1 is ,chester ,place1 left to the borough by bequest1 for a public library2 the garden has an ,italian roofed pergola ending with a marble bust and seats1 on top of the terrace which divides the upper and lower gardens2 a sundial1 fastened to an old ,spanish ,renaissance capital1 which came from the collection of garden marbles made by the late ,stanford ,white1 is on a rectangular plot of green1 and forms the center of one garden room1 surrounded by a brick walk1 in turn framed by a broad border of shrubbery2 into the brick pavement are set little marble panels1 carved with designs of roses1 birds1 etc41 other insets contain quotations appropriate to gardens2 set into the wall outside at right and left of entrance1 are tiles with trees in bas-relief1 inside1 correspondingly placed1 are reliefs showing old ,italian garden decorations1 ,socrates and ,hercules4 ,just outside of ,wellsboro is an old covered wooden bridge1 in ,pine ,creek ,gorge1 through which the ,tyadaghton 7,river of ,pines7 runs1 mountains rise perpendicularly on either side for #ajjj feet2 the gorge is sixteen miles long1 filled with trout stream tributaries1 where also bear1 deer1 and other game abound4 ,in ,,mansfield is a state normal school1 on beautifully terraced hill1 five buildings1 brick with marble or brownstone and terra-cotta trimmings1 built #ahhi-aiji1 later buildings1 modified classic2 contains many fine carbon prints of famous paintings and buildings1 also plaster replicas of noted pieces of sculpture4 ,carnegie ,free ,library1 classic architecture1 built1 #aiab1 light-pressed brick2 architects for school and library1 ,pierce ,bickford1 ,elmira1 ,new ,york4 ,,xl ,mc,k,e,a,n ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahjd2 named for ,thomas ,mc,kean1 second ,governor of ,pennsylvania2 mean altitude #agjj feet4 ,mount ,jewett is one of the high points in the state2 half a mile from ,mount ,jewett is the great ,kinzua ,viaduct on the ,erie ,railroad1 said to be the highest bridge in the state across a ravine4 ,the electric line to ,olean1 ,new ,york1 eighteen miles1 through ,red ,rock1 reveals great scenic grandeur4 ,chief industry1 producing and refining petroleum4 ,,smethport1 county seat2 was incorporated in #ahjg2 population1 #aefh4 ,in the courthouse grounds is a granite monument to the ,civil ,war soldiers of this county2 it was shown in the ,centennial ,exposition1 ,philadelphia4 ,st4 ,luke's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 a gift from ,hon4 ,henry ,hamlin2 consecrated #ahib2 is pure fourteenth century ,english ,gothic2 architect1 ,halsey ,wood4 ,altar and reredos of ,caen stone1 surmounted by a very beautiful1 delicately carved canopy2 memorial font1 ,caen stone2 all memorials were designed by the architect2 organ from ,johnson ,sons1 ,westfield1 ,massachusetts4 ,in the public school grounds is a tablet marking the route of ,general ,brodhead's expedition4 ,on the highway1 near ,lafayette1 is a tablet marking place where ,general ,brodhead passed across the county from ,allegheny ,river1 when he came from ,pittsburgh against the ,indians2 placed by ,smethport ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,,bradford1 chief city2 population1 #ae1ebe2 is said to contain the only plant in ,america for the manufacture ,illustration3 ,,mckean ,,county ,illustration3 ,,kinzua ,,bridge ,the highest bridge in the world of oxalic acid1 it produces #aj1jjj pounds daily4 ,the ,city ,hall1 ,post ,office1 and ,carnegie ,library are fine buildings4 ,the ,mc,kean ,county ,historical ,society has rooms in the ,carnegie ,library2 among their collections are valuable historical papers and autographs1 photographs1 and samples of products relating to the oil industry1 portraits of distinguished ,pennsylvanians1 and busts of ,general ,kane and of ,abraham ,lincoln2 the latter1 by ,theophilus ,mills1 is said to be one of the only two living masks ever made of ,lincoln2 it was made six weeks before the assassination1 and after many years it was purchased from the son of the sculptor by ,mr4 ,r4 ,b4 ,stone1 and placed in the ,bradford ,library4 ,the ,museum and ,art ,gallery1 owned by ,lewis ,emery1 ,jr41 ,esq41 is at times open to the public4 ,on the public square is a boulder1 in honor of ,governor ,mc,kean1 from a tract of land in ,annin ,township1 deeded to ,thomas ,mc,kean by ,john ,bull1 a patriot of the ,revolution4 ,a tablet commemorating the ,spanish ,war soldiers was erected by ,spanish ,war veterans4 ,,kane1 a beautiful mountain resort1 has ,evergreen ,park1 a native forest1 given to the town by the ,erie ,railroad1 through their agent1 ,general ,thomas ,l4 ,kane2 a path through the forest is named for ,general ,grant1 who frequently enjoyed trout fishing here with ,general ,kane4 ,facing this park is the high school2 classic style1 architects1 ,davis ,davis1 ,philadelphia2 contains good collection of photographic reproductions of famous paintings and architecture4 ,the ,presbyterian ,church is memorial to ,general ,kane1 commander of the ,bucktail ,regiment1 erected by his family4 ,at ,,lewis ,,run the great ,indian hunter1 ,jim ,jacobs1 lived4 ,illustration3 ,,potter ,,county ,,xli ,,potter ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahjd2 named for ,general ,james ,potter1 an officer of the ,revolution1 is an almost trackless wilderness covered with dense growth of pine and hemlock1 the haunt of bear1 deer1 wolf1 panther1 fox1 and other wild game4 ,mean elevation is about #aijj feet above sea4 ,at head waters of the ,west ,branch1 ,genesee and ,allegheny rivers1 in the north1 the ground is rolling1 with beautiful farms2 the southern part is broken by deep valleys and lofty mountains1 with most picturesque scenery1 especially in the ,kettle ,creek and ,sinnemahoning valleys4 ,probably the first white man to cross the county was ,david ,zeisberger1 who passed down the ,allegheny ,river to mouth of the ,tionesta1 ,forest ,county1 in #agfg2 his journal1 now on file in the ,moravian ,library at ,bethlehem1 tells of the wild beauty of the county4 ,farming and stock raising are gaining1 but the main industry is still lumbering1 with second growth of hardwoods1 maple1 beech1 and birch1 which will in time be a great nucleus of wealth4 ,earliest important road is the ,jersey ,shore ,turnpike1 running from ,jersey ,shore at the mouth of ,pine ,creek1 ,lycoming ,county1 through most wonderful scenery to ,coudersport and on to ,buffalo2 an effort is being made to have this historic highway improved1 as it is the most direct way from the ,west ,branch ,valley to ,buffalo4 ,on this road is the site of ,oleona4 ,ole ,bull1 the famous violinist1 attempted the settlement of a colony of ,norwegians2 in #aheb1 he purchased #aa1add acres on ,kettle ,creek1 in the then almost unbroken forests2 and laid out four villages1 ,new ,norway1 ,new ,bergen1 ,oleona1 and ,walhalla2 this proved a sad failure1 and the land is now included in the ,state ,forest ,reserve4 ,ole ,bull's ,castle1 with a great stone wall1 still partly standing1 was built about a mile below ,oleona1 on the crest of a bluff4 ,travel is generally good in summer1 during the winter the heavy snowdrifts are often too deep for passage1 temperature often falling to #dj below zero4 ,,coudersport1 county seat1 settled in #ahjg2 population #bhcf2 courthouse1 substantial1 colonial building in the square1 on the main street2 in the grounds is the ,soldiers' ,monument1 a granite shaft1 pedestal has names of ,potter ,county men who fell in war for the ,union4 ,the famous ,bucktail ,regiment was recruited largely from ,potter ,county1 noted marksmen1 many had been famous hunters1 and because of their wonderful skill with the rifle were made sharpshooters in the ,civil ,war4 ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 incorporated1 #ahcc1 present stone building1 ,gothic1 built in #ahhe1 on ground given by ,miss ,katharine ,dent4 ,the beautiful little church1 8,all ,saints10 at ,brookland1 near the old ,dent ,homestead1 memorial to ,henry ,hatch ,dent1 by his children1 maintained by endowment1 is native stone1 with stained glass windows1 marble memorial altar1 and other artistic furnishings1 open by appointments of the ,bishop1 it stands1 as old 8,st4 ,martins-in-the-,field10 a solitary witness for ,christianity and the ,church4 ,first ,presbyterian1 oldest church organization in ,illustration3 ,,on ,,the ,,sinnemahoning ,,creek ,coudersport1 established #ahcb1 first building made in #ahdi1 on ground given by ,john ,keating1 ,esq41 present building1 ,fourth and ,main ,streets1 dedicated in #aijc1 ,italian ,renaissance2 other denominations have good church buildings4 ,the ,pennsylvania ,historical ,commission has made an appropriation for the placing of a monument to ,david ,ziesberger at ,coudersport2 they will also place tablets at site of ,ole ,bull's ,castle and near the ,austin disaster2 the ,austin flood1 in #aiaa1 when the town was almost blotted out1 and many lives were lost and property destroyed1 was perhaps the worst calamity which has ever visited the county4 ,three miles east of ,coudersport is 8,the ,sweden ,valley ,ice ,mine10 in a shaft about six feet square and twelve feet deep2 during the hot summer weather ice is formed here in large quantities2 the ,smithsonian ,institution has published a number of articles concerning these ice caves4 ,illustration3 ,,jefferson ,,county ,,xlii ,,jefferson ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahjd2 named for ,thomas ,jefferson2 steep and rugged hills line the watercourses of every stream1 alternating with fine valley land1 traversed by good roads through most picturesque scenery2 the views are a continual delight4 ,in early days large tracts of this land were held by rich proprietors who would neither improve nor sell at a fair price4 ,the pioneer hewed his canoes out of pine trees1 large enough to receive a barrel of flour crosswise2 a homemade rope of flax was attached to the front to pull them over the ripples4 ,the county is wonderfully rich in coal and an abundance of natural gas1 and has developed more along commercial than it has along artistic lines4 ,chief industries3 stock raising1 coal1 iron1 glass1 and silk4 ,county seat1 ,,brookville1 laid out in #ahcj2 population #cbgb4 ,hunts ,point1 now ,carrier's addition of ,brookville1 was once an ,indian village4 ,main ,street runs east and west4 ,pickering ,street crosses at right angles4 ,courthouse1 at the corner of ,main and ,pickering ,streets2 ,renaissance1 brick2 contains portraits4 ,the ,brookville ,park ,association is making great civic improvements2 a park of ten acres is in the center of the town and a fine new park building or auditorium is being erected2 the organization being truly altruistic1 to the intent that no dividends shall be paid to the subscribers1 but all profits applied to municipal improvements4 ,there are several churches1 among them may be mentioned the ,presbyterian and ,methodist for architecture2 both ,romanesque2 stone4 ,the ,presbyterian has good stained glass windows4 ,the ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution have placed a small monument to ,joseph ,barnett in the old cemetery4 ,fort ,barnett was one mile east of ,brookville1 on the old turnpike 7,mead's ,trail72 his cabin in #agii is said to have been the only one within seventy-five miles4 ,,punxsutawney1 population #aj1caa1 was an ,indian village2 during the eighteenth century1 ,moravian missionaries labored here among the ,delaware tribes of the ,algonquin ,indians2 ,brother ,ettewein kept a faithful record of his travels and work1 describing his journey along ,mahoning ,creek1 then named by the ,indians 8,mohulbucteetam10 or place where canoes are abandoned4 ,rev4 ,david ,barkley and his son-in-law1 ,dr4 ,john ,w4 ,jenks1 from ,newtown1 ,bucks ,county1 a graduate of the ,university of ,pennsylvania in #ahaf1 later made an associate judge1 owned the land and laid out the town in #ahbj in squares1 including one for the public1 which in this century has been made into a beautiful park by ,frederick ,olmstead1 landscape gardener1 of ,brookline1 ,massachusetts2 on each corner are old cannon from the ,civil ,war4 ,a fine brick post office with ,ionic portico is here1 built by the ,united ,states ,government1 and many beautiful churches4 ,christ ,episcopal ,church is built with stone taken from the creek bed and laid without any cutting2 the soft brown color was caused by the mineral in the water1 and is permanent4 ,,xliii ,,susquehanna ,,county ,formed ,february #ba1 #ahaj2 named for situation1 at head waters of the ,susquehanna ,river1 which completely drains the county1 every stream flowing into it as it flows around a spur of the ,alleghenies with the highest outline of two mountains2 original ,indian names1 ,onaquaga and ,miantinomah4 ,the scenery is beautifully diversified2 there are numerous lakes1 the largest1 ,crystal ,lake1 is over a mile long2 from ,elk ,mountain1 with its three peaks1 sixteen lakes are visible1 and the ,water ,gap is plainly seen on a clear day2 from ,ararat1 #bjdj feet above the sea level1 is also an extended view4 ,a panorama of great beauty is seen from the heights of ,gibson ,township2 the slopes furnish unsurpassed grazing and abound in orchards and gardens2 named for ,chief ,justice ,gibson1 the town was first settled in #agib by ,joseph ,potter4 ,the most beautiful auto ride through the county is from ,montrose to ,,susquehanna1 incorporated in #ahec1 called the ,city of ,stairs2 ,erie ,railroad shops are here1 the buildings1 covering eight acres1 include a ,library and ,lecture ,hall4 ,martin's ,creek ,viaduct1 #afjj feet long with eleven spans1 on the ,lackawanna ,railroad1 is said to be1 next to the ,tunkhannock ,viaduct on same road1 the largest concrete bridge in the world2 this road is known as the shortest route between ,new ,york and ,buffalo2 owing to its high elevation through this county1 the views are of extraordinary ,illustration3 ,,susquehanna ,,county beauty4 ,earliest white settlement was at ,great ,bend2 ,general ,james ,clinton1 with #afjj men1 encamped here in #agii1 en route to join ,general ,sullivan at ,chemung against the ,indians4 ,chief industry1 agriculture and butter making4 ,,montrose1 population #affa2 made county seat in #ahaa1 first settled by ,stephen ,wilson of ,vermont in #agii1 is a notable health resort because of its altitude2 it was developed through the liberality of ,dr4 ,r4 ,h4 ,rose and ,isaac ,post1 the latter was first postmaster in #ahjh4 ,dr4 ,rose purchased #ajj1jjj acres in #ahjg1 partly in ,silver ,lake ,township1 and developed the resources of the county4 ,public buildings face the square1 in which is the monument to ,civil ,war soldiers4 ,courthouse1 a fine structure1 colonial architecture1 built in #ahdb1 contains a portrait of ,honorable ,galusha ,a4 ,grow1 who was sent to ,congress from this county4 ,the conference building seats #cjjj2 here ,the ,bible ,institute is held each summer4 ,at ,,springville was farm of ,zophar ,blakeslee1 whose daughter1 ,sarah1 was married to ,honorable ,asa ,packer4 ,,brooklyn was early residence of ,george ,catlin1 who became noted as a painter of ,indians4 ,,jackson started as a beaver meadow4 ,when ,,thomson was first settled1 in #ahbj1 an unbroken forest of beech wood stretched eastward for fifty miles4 ,illustration3 ,,bradford ,,county ,,xliv ,,bradford ,,county ,formed ,february #ba1 #ahaj1 as ,ontario2 on ,march #bd1 #ahab1 named in honor of ,william ,bradford1 an attorney general in the cabinet of ,washington2 surface hilly or rolling4 ,chief industries are dairying and breeding of fine cattle and thoroughbred horses4 ,said to be first place on record visited by a white man in ,pennsylvania2 in #afae ,stephen ,bruhle1 explorer and interpreter for ,samuel ,champlain1 with twelve ,huron ,indians1 came to ,carouantian1 a palisaded village of the ,carouantiannais1 on ,spanish ,hill1 just above present towns of ,sayre and ,athens2 he found here #hjj warriors1 #ejj of whom went with him to aid ,champlain against the ,onondaga stronghold in ,new ,york4 ,bruhle returned to ,carouantian1 remained during the winter of #afae-af1 and explored the ,susquehanna ,river to the sea1 making report to ,champlain4 ,first road was the great ,indian warpath along the ,susquehanna1 used by ,general ,sullivan and his ,continental ,army in expedition against the ,indians in #aggi2 the state road1 from ,wilkes-,barre1 up the river1 through ,wyoming and ,bradford counties1 is substantially on this old trail2 historic places along the road are well marked1 a monument thirteen feet high1 native stone1 from ,campbell's ,ledge above ,pittston2 erected by the ,moravian ,historical ,society in #ahga near ,wyalusing1 marks location of the ,moravian mission1 inscription1 8,to mark site of ,friedenshutten 7,machwilusing71 a settlement of ,moravian ,indians between #agfe-aggb02 this mission was removed to ,beaver ,county in #aggb4 ,farther west1 near the ,presbyterian church1 is a large boulder with bronze tablet1 inscription1 8,near this site from ,august #e-h1 #aggi1 camped the army of ,maj4 ,gen'l ,sullivan1 on their expedition against the ,six ,nations1 erected by ,machwilusing ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r4 #aiad02 this road after leaving ,wyalusing1 leads over the hill a distance from the river1 to which it returns again at ,rummerfield1 near where ,mrs4 ,roswell ,franklin was killed by ,indians2 her family was rescued4 ,farther up the river is the county's oldest historic landmark on west bank of the ,susquehanna1 8,standing ,stone10 #be feet high1 #ba feet at base1 tapers from #d to #c feet in thickness1 rising out of the water2 a landmark even in early ,indian history2 plainly visible from the road2 ,general ,sullivan's army of #cejj men camped on the plain opposite2 three miles east of ,towanda is ,wysox village and creek1 in front of an old brick church is where ,major ,henry van ,campen1 with two other captives1 succeeded in releasing themselves1 under guard by twice their number of ,indians1 killing all except one4 ,near is a large boulder of ,barclay sandstone1 with bronze tablet2 inscription3 8,this stone commemorates the passing through ,wesauking1 ,aug4 #i and ,oct4 #d1 #aggi1 of ,maj4 ,gen'l ,john ,sullivan and his troops against the ,six ,nations4 ,erected1 #aijh1 by the ,george ,clymer ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r41 ,towanda1 ,pennsylvania02 on the level plain between this creek and the river ,general ,sullivan's army camped4 ,from ,wysox the road diverges west from the old trail1 continues over a modern steel bridge1 built in #aiae1 replacing an old covered wooden one made in #ahcd1 to ,towanda4 ,eight miles northwest is ,ulster2 passing on the way3 near mouth of ,sugar ,creek is site of an important palisaded ,indian village called 8,ogehage10 later 8,oscalui10 still later1 in #aggi1 8,newtychanning10 marked2 at junction of this great warpath along the ,susquehanna1 with one leading from this point to head waters of ,towanda ,creek near ,canton2 thence to head waters of ,lycoming ,creek1 down that stream to ,west ,branch of the ,susquehanna near ,williamsport4 ,at ,ulster 7old ,sheshequin7 was a ,moravian mission1 removed at time of migration to ,beaver in #aggb2 a steel bridge crosses the river here4 ,next is ,milan village1 near which was ,indian ,queen ,esther's ,town1 destroyed by ,colonel ,hartley in #aggh4 ,proceeding on ,general ,sullivan's road1 one crosses the ,chemung 7,tioga7 ,river on a modern steel bridge and enters ,athens1 formerly ,tioga ,point2 here was ,fort ,sullivan1 base of supplies for the army2 destroyed by themselves in ,october1 #aggi1 on their departure for ,wyoming2 marked by boulder with bronze tablet1 inscription3 8,in ,sullivan's expedition1 the march that destroyed savagery and opened the ,keystone and ,empire ,states to civilization1 four brigades1 furnished by the ,states of ,pennsylvania1 ,new ,york1 ,new ,jersey1 and ,new ,hampshire1 with ,proctor's ,artillery1 and ,farr's ,riflemen took part2 at ,tioga ,point1 long the southern door of the ,indian ,confederacy1 #ejjj troops encamped2 here stood ,fort ,sullivan1 with four blockhouses1 from ,august #aa to ,october #c1 #aggi2 tablet erected by ,tioga ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution40 ,below the plate is embedded a ball from one of ,general ,sullivan's guns2 the road separates here1 one following the ,susquehanna to ,owego1 the other following the ,chemung to ,elmira 7,newtown71 ,new ,york2 near the latter road is the 8,battlefield of ,newtown10 where ,general ,sullivan fought the ,tories and ,indians in #aggi4 ,a soldiers' monument is on the campus in front of the old ,,athens ,academy1 designed by ,mc,kim1 ,mead ,white1 ,new ,york2 ground foundation twenty-five feet square1 inclosed in granite curbing with polished globes at each corner2 pedestal1 eleven feet high1 rising from the center1 polished granite1 on unpolished granite coping1 surmounted by a bronze group1 8,the ,protection of the ,flag10 a barefoot drummer boy with a flag over his shoulder and a tall1 fearless soldier1 holding a musket which points to the ground1 sculptor1 ,george ,t4 ,brewster2 inscription1 in bronze letters1 fitted to the face of the granite3 8,pro patria et gloria4 ,erected to the memory of our soldiers who fought in defense of the flag02 presented by ,joseph ,whipple and ,charlotte ,snell ,stickler4 ,spaulding ,library and ,museum1 classic ,renaissance with ,ionic porch1 open to the public1 contains paintings1 portraits1 and relics4 ,in #afhh a ,spanish fort was near the present borough of ,athens2 population #dchd4 ,,towanda1 county seat1 laid out in #ahab2 population #dbfi2 courthouse native sandstone1 classic ,renaissance1 built in #ahig2 in front is the soldiers' monument1 at base are bronze tablets inscribed with names of battles of ,bradford ,county men in war for the ,union2 ,illustration3 ,,defense ,,of ,,the ,,flag ,mc,kim1 ,mead ,white ,pedestal ,george ,t4 ,brewster1 ,sculptor ,pickett's charge at ,gettysburg2 and the battle scene at ,antietam2 dedicated in #aija4 ,towanda ,free ,library1 ,french ,renaissance1 brick1 built1 #ahig1 was given and endowed by ,francis ,r4 ,welles of ,paris1 ,france2 architects1 ,barney ,chapman1 ,new ,york2 contains a special set of art books1 8,l',art40 ,in ,christ ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 native sandstone1 is memorial window to ,william ,ulysses ,mercur1 ,chief ,justice of ,pennsylvania1 #ahhb-hg2 makers1 ,cox ,sons ,buckley1 ,london4 ,the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church1 also1 has memorial windows4 ,historical ,society of ,bradford ,county1 fireproof building open to the public2 contains ,indian and ,civil ,war relics1 curios1 and portraits of pioneer men and women1 a reproduction of a pioneer log house1 and specimens of all native woods in the county4 ,in ,riverside ,cemetery is the grave of ,david ,wilmot1 who made the famous proviso1 engraved on his monument1 against slavery4 ,there are many borough and township high schools in ,bradford ,county4 ,illustration3 ,,schuylkill ,,county ,,xlv ,,schuylkill ,,county ,formed ,march #a1 #ahaa1 named for the ,schuylkill ,river2 was purchased from the ,six ,nations in #agdi4 ,george ,godfried ,orwig1 first settler1 in #agdg1 lived at ,sculp ,hill2 he was followed by other ,germans4 ,,orwigsburg1 first county seat1 in #ahaa1 was founded in #agif1 by ,peter ,orwig1 son of ,george2 old courthouse still standing1 is used as a factory2 extensive views from here of mountains and agricultural valleys4 ,in chain of frontier forts1 were ,franklin1 built1 #agef1 by order of ,benjamin ,franklin2 ,fort ,henry1 south of ,pinegrove2 and ,fort ,lebanon1 later known as ,fort ,william1 the most important1 its site near ,auburn1 is marked by boulder with bronze tablet1 inscription1 8,on this site stood ,fort ,lebanon1 built1 #agge1 by ,colonel ,jacob ,morgan1 for protection of early settlers against ,indians1 erected in #aiac by ,mahantongo ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution1 ,pottsville1 ,pa40 ,indian warriors came down from the mountains and made savage forays on the peaceful farms1 in which many people were massacred1 and mills and houses were burned2 the old oak tree is standing near1 from which sentinels took observations2 in this fort the first religious services in the county were held4 ,one mile from ,fort ,lebanon is the old ,red ,church1 built in #agee1 destroyed by ,indians1 #agef1 rebuilt1 #aggf1 celebrated its sesquicentennial in #aije4 ,this county revels in picturesque scenery2 excellent roads curve through valleys of surpassing richness and fertility1 or wander along a ridge with glorious views on either side2 in the north1 the sky line of a mountain range is often broken by a weird coal breaker2 in every direction there is beauty and interest4 ,laurel may be seen by the acre1 and much rhododendron4 ,great cliffs of various colored conglomerate rock are found throughout the county4 ,this is the southern limit of the ,,anthracite ,,coal fields in east central ,pennsylvania1 the only ones of importance in the ,united ,states2 divided into three well-known trade regions1 ,wyoming2 ,lehigh2 and ,schuylkill2 comprising an area of #dhj square miles1 in the counties of ,carbon1 ,columbia1 ,lackawanna1 ,northumberland1 ,luzerne1 ,susquehanna1 and ,schuylkill4 ,discovered in ,schuylkill ,county by ,nicho ,allen in #agij2 while camping out overnight1 he built a fire among some rocks1 under shelter of the trees2 during the night1 being awakened by unusual heat he saw the rocks a mass of glowing fire1 he having ignited the outcrop of a bed of coal4 ,the birth of this great productive industry may be dated from #ahbj1 when #cfe tons were sent to ,philadelphia from the head waters of the ,lehigh ,river4 #hj1jjj1jjj tons per annum are now produced2 location of coal was shown in ,william ,scull's map of ,pennsylvania published in #aggj2 three places marked4 ,in #agie it was used successfully for smithing by a blacksmith named ,whitestone1 but not generally for this purpose until #ahjf4 ,in #ahab1 ,colonel ,george ,shoemaker produced coal from a shaft on land he owned1 now known as the ,centreville ,tract2 loaded nine wagons and drove to ,philadelphia1 where he was accused of being an impostor1 attempting to sell stone for coal2 he sold two loads for cost of transportation1 and gave the rest away to those who promised to try to use it2 he induced ,messrs4 ,mellon ,bishop to try it in their rolling mill in ,delaware ,county1 where it was found to be a complete success2 iron was heated in much less time than usual1 and the workmen said1 8,it passed through the rolls like lead40 ,from #ahcj1 rapid improvements were made in methods of mining and transporting coal4 ,first breaker in this county was erected by ,gideon ,bast on ,wolf ,creek1 near ,minersville4 ,the ,st4 ,clair shaft was sunk in #ahde1 by ,alfred ,lawton1 to ,primrose vein1 #abb feet2 in #ahea1 ,e4 ,w4 ,mc,ginness continued the depth of shaft to the ,mammoth vein1 #dch feet4 ,at ,wadesville a shaft was sunk #fai feet4 ,a shaft located by ,general ,henry ,pleasants is deepest coal shaft in the ,united ,states1 #aehd feet4 ,the collieries of the ,philadelphia ,reading ,coal ,company are the most extensive4 ,property in ,schuylkill and ,columbia counties #ah1ccc acres1 one third coal1 devised by ,stephen ,girard to the ,city of ,philadelphia in trust1 comprises some of the most valuable tracts in the anthracite region2 ,girard was largely instrumental in building the ,schuylkill ,canal to ,philadelphia1 connecting with this was a railroad and a series of gravity planes between ,girardville and ,mount ,carbon1 head of the canal2 the ,girard ,railroad1 opened in #ahcd1 was one of the greatest engineering feats of the time1 attracting international comment2 much of the masonry is still to be seen4 ,in #afij1 ,william ,penn called attention to the feasibility of passage by water between the ,susquehanna ,river and ,tulpehocken ,creek1 a branch of the ,schuylkill2 in #agfb ,david ,rittenhouse and ,dr4 ,william ,smith surveyed a route for a canal1 to connect waters of the ,susquehanna and ,schuylkill1 via ,swatara and ,tulpehocken ,creeks2 and actually traced a line between the ,delaware and ,ohio ,rivers at ,fort ,pitt1 thence to ,erie4 ,the ,union ,canal connecting the ,schuylkill and ,susquehanna ,rivers was completed in #ahbf by the ,schuylkill ,navigation ,company2 they did great work in their day2 years of greatest prosperity were from #ahce-da4 ,in #ahjj1 ,reese ,thomas located an iron furnace on the site of ,pottsville4 ,in #ahjg ,greenwood furnace and forge were erected by ,john ,pott4 ,in #ahci1 ,pioneer furnace at ,pottsville1 under ,burd ,patterson1 was blown in with anthracite coal1 by ,benjamin ,perry1 and ran for about three months1 among the first to use successfully anthracite coal in the blast furnace in ,united ,states4 ,,pottsville1 county seat1 #acie feet above sea2 population #ba1hgf1 laid out in #ahaf1 has not one level street2 flights of steps are frequently used to get to various heights2 fine views from every point4 ,a commission for city planning has lately been appointed4 ,courthouse erected in #ahib1 architect1 ,mr4 ,taylor1 stands on a hill in a terraced square1 has portraits of judges2 in the old courthouse1 to the rear1 now torn down1 the ,mollie ,maguires were tried and convicted in #ahgf4 ,soldiers' ,monument erected in #ahia is in ,garfield ,square1 on a pedestal are names of battles fought by ,schuylkill ,county men in ,civil ,war2 the ,washington ,artillery and ,national ,light ,infantry of ,pottsville1 #bdf men1 were part of the #ecj ,pennsylvanians ,illustration3 ,,henry ,,clay ,,iron ,,monument1 ,,pottsville who first arrived at our national ,capital for its defense in #ahfa2 ,schuylkill ,county sent #ac1jjj volunteers2 there are also soldiers' monuments at ,port ,carbon1 ,st4 ,clair1 and ,mahanoy ,city4 ,a statue of ,john ,pott is in the playground of ,center ,street public school1 formerly a cemetery4 ,pennsylvania1 the coal-producing state of the ,union1 has every reason to be grateful to ,henry ,clay for advocating a protective tariff on her principal product2 ,pottsville's enthusiasm culminated in the ,henry ,clay ,monument1 completed in #ahee1 soon after his death1 west of ,south ,center ,street1 an iron ,doric column1 surmounted by an iron statue of ,henry ,clay1 after the painting by ,p4 ,f4 ,rothermel1 8,senate of #ahej02 first colossal iron casting of its kind made in the ,united ,states2 from sidewalk to top of statue1 #bje feet4 ,pottsville ,cemetery contains grave of ,joseph ,elison1 member of ,greely ,arctic expedition1 who died at ,port ,haven1 ,greenland1 in #ahhd1 soon after being rescued by the late ,rear ,admiral ,schley2 a diary1 kept until his hands were frozen stiff1 will soon be published by the ,pottsville ,historical ,society4 ,parks in ,schuylkill ,county are1 8,lakeside10 above ,mahony ,city2 8,marlin10 near ,pottsville2 8,manilla10 east of ,tamaqua2 8,woodland10 between ,ashland and ,girardville2 8,washington10 between ,ashland and ,locust ,dale2 they are combinations of formal gardening with natural beauty2 8,tumbling ,run ,dam10 near ,pottsville1 is beautiful in its setting4 ,,shenandoah1 population #bd1gbf1 contains a mixed mining population2 twenty-six languages and dialects are spoken here4 ,illustration3 ,,lehigh ,,county ,,xlvi ,,lehigh ,,county ,formed ,march #f1 #ahab2 named for ,lehigh ,river1 from an ,indian name1 ,lechauwekink 7where there are forks72 ,indian trails forked in various directions below ,bethlehem4 ,the ,blue ,mountains are north and the ,lehigh ,hills south1 containing large deposits of slate and cement4 ,chief industries1 agriculture and manufacturing4 ,,allentown1 county seat1 at junction of ,jordan and ,little ,lehigh ,creeks2 population #gc1ejb2 was settled in #agea by ,chief ,justice ,william ,allen1 a friend of the ,penns2 is entered from the south by1 it is said1 the largest concrete bridge in the world1 erected by a trolley company1 #bfej feet long and #abj feet high2 built in #aiac4 ,the city has an abundant supply of pure water1 pumped direct from the spring to the residences2 daily flow1 #ab1jjj1jjj gallons4 ,courthouse1 colonial1 with cupola1 ,fifth and ,hamilton ,streets4 ,first ,presbyterian ,church1 ,north ,fifth ,street1 near ,hamilton1 ,renaissance4 ,jail1 ,north ,fourth ,street1 near ,linden1 feudal architecture1 with tower #ajj feet high1 brown sandstone4 ,architect ,g4 ,a4 ,aschbach4 ,allen ,park1 ,fourth and ,walnut ,streets1 contains 8,trout ,hall10 stone1 built1 #aggj1 by ,james ,allen1 son of the founder1 which will be occupied by the ,lehigh ,county ,historical ,society2 ,west ,park and ,river ,park are also in ,allentown2 west of the city is ,dorney's ,park1 along ,cedar ,creek4 ,in ,center ,square is the ,soldiers' ,monument to the men of ,lehigh ,county in the ,civil ,war2 on the pedestal are bronze bas-reliefs depicting scenes of war and reconciliation1 and medallion busts of ,generals ,meade1 ,mc,clellan1 ,hancock1 and ,hartranft4 ,united ,states post office1 at the corner of ,sixth and ,turner ,streets1 classic1 built in #aijf2 brick and ,indiana limestone2 architect1 ,george ,b4 ,page1 ,philadelphia4 ,several fine churches of brick or stone show ,italian and ,gothic architecture4 ,the ,zion ,reformed1 ,gothic1 stone1 built1 #ahdj1 ,hamilton ,street between ,sixth and ,seventh1 is notable for having sheltered the ,liberty ,bell and the ,christ ,church bells1 during ,british occupation of ,philadelphia1 in #aggg2 marked by tablet1 placed by the ,liberty ,bell ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,the ,rhoads ,house1 #ajg-aji ,north ,seventh ,street1 built1 #agfb1 by a ,revolutionary patriot1 is the oldest building in the city4 ,,muhlenberg ,,college with preparatory school1 is beautifully located at ,twenty-sixth and ,chew ,streets1 on campus of seventy-two acres2 the buildings1 brick and stone1 were built from #aijc to #aiae2 administration building1 ,english ,renaissance1 architects1 ,ruhl ,lange2 contains portraits1 including one of ,dr4 ,muhlenberg1 by ,gilbert ,stuart2 the late ,peter ,a4 ,gross1 in #aiad1 provided by will for the founding of an art school in ,muhlenberg ,college1 and an art museum in ,allentown4 ,allentown ,college for ,women1 ,walnut ,street between ,thirtieth and ,thirty-first ,streets1 classic2 and the new high school1 ,north ,seventeenth ,street1 classic ,ionic1 are fine buildings4 ,at ,seventeenth and ,chew ,streets are the ,state ,hospital1 ,illustration3 ,,zion ,,reformed ,,church1 ,,allentown ,guardian of the ,liberty ,bell and ,christ ,church ,bells during the ,revolution ,georgian2 brick and ,indiana limestone2 and the ,nurses' ,home1 memorial to ,judge ,edward ,harvey2 said to be the best equipped for the purpose in the ,united ,states1 architects1 ,ruhl ,lange4 ,road from ,rittersville to ,bethlehem passes ,central ,park1 overlooking ,lehigh ,river1 and the historic ,geissinger farm1 where ,solomon ,jennings settled in #agcf2 he was a participant in the ,indian ,walk of #agcg4 ,,bethlehem 7see ,northampton ,county74 ,state road from ,allentown to ,slatington passes through ,,wernersville1 near where ,lynford ,lardner built1 in #agdj1 a hunting lodge1 8,grouse ,hall10 and where the ,jordan ,reformed ,church was founded in #ageb1 present stone building erected1 #ahjh4 ,through ,,guthsville1 ,guth homestead still standing1 built1 #agde1 through ,,siegersville1 on left is ,colonel ,h4 ,c4 ,trexler's game preserve of #bjjj acres1 containing buffalo1 elk1 deer1 and trout hatchery4 ,to ,,schnecksville1 former home of ,professor ,rudy1 founder of the ,rudy ,school1 ,paris1 in #ahfe1 an ,international ,association of ,professors2 he was a ,fellow of the ,french ,academy4 ,here is ,land ,spring ,park4 ,the next village1 ,,neffs1 has an ancient graveyard1 burial place of many ,revolutionary patriots4 ,then to ,,slatington1 heart of the slate region4 ,a chain bridge built over the ,lehigh ,river in #ahbf leads to ,,lehigh ,,gap4 ,another state road from ,allentown goes through ,,catasauqua2 here1 in #aiad1 was celebrated the seventy-fifth anniversary of the successful uniting of the state's two chief resources1 the use of ,,anthracite ,,coal in the ,,iron ,,furnaces1 by ,david ,thomas from ,wales4 ,coke has since replaced anthracite1 but the furnaces and the general method are much as ,thomas left them2 these were the mother furnaces of the ,bethlehem ,steel ,works1 ,cambria ,iron ,works1 ,thomas ,iron ,works at ,hockendauqua1 and the stupendous development of the iron trade in this country4 ,a private art collection owned by ,d4 ,g4 ,dery1 ,esq41 comprises an important collection of paintings1 statuary1 bronzes1 ivories1 ,chinese porcelains1 and jades4 ,continue on state road through ,mickley's to ,,egypt4 ,union ,church1 ,lutheran and ,reformed1 founded1 #agcd1 in log church2 present brick building erected1 #aghe4 ,near by is ,deshler's ,fort1 built1 #agfj1 and the ,troxell-,steckel ,house1 stone1 built1 #agef4 ,a mile north is tablet1 placed by ,lehigh ,county ,historical ,society1 marking place where occurred the last ,indian massacre in this county1 of three families in #agfc4 ,,xlvii ,,lebanon ,,county ,formed ,february #af1 #ahac2 ,scriptural name1 from the cedar trees covering the range of mountains on northern boundary1 8,cedars of ,lebanon02 settled by ,germans in the east1 by the ,scotch-,irish in the west4 ,leading industries1 agriculture1 iron1 tobacco4 ,three solid hills of rich1 magnetic iron ore have been worked for over #agj years1 and still seem inexhaustible2 they require no mining1 simply to be quarried2 down to the present these mines have produced more iron ore than any other single iron ore property in the ,united ,states4 ,in #agcg1 ,peter ,grubb became sole owner of these ore hills2 he built ,hopewell forge on ,hammer ,creek1 and the large blast furnace was named for ,cornwall1 his ancestral home in ,england4 ,the property was inherited by his two sons1 who were colonels in the ,revolutionary ,war2 cannon balls and stoves were cast here for the ,continental ,army4 ,in #agih1 ,robert ,coleman purchased five-sixths of these ore banks2 they were near the old road between ,harris ,ferry and ,philadelphia1 known as the ,berks and ,dauphin ,road4 ,later his grandsons1 ,robert and ,g4 ,dawson ,coleman1 built furnaces on the ,union ,canal1 then the great means of transportation2 by that time charcoal furnaces were going out4 ,the construction and operation of the ,union ,canal through this county1 connecting the ,schuylkill ,river at ,reading with the ,susquehanna at ,middletown1 was a ,illustration3 ,,lebanon ,,county ,illustration3 ,,the ,,oldest ,,canal ,,tunnel ,,in ,,the ,,united ,,states ,north ,lebanon momentous event1 with its tunnel #gfg feet long1 first in the ,united ,states4 ,extract3 8,lebanon1 ,june #ae1 #ahbg4 ,last ,monday evening1 ,june #aath1 the citizens of this town and vicinity had the privilege of seeing the first boat1 the ,alpha from ,tulpehocken1 come up the ,union ,canal and remain at ,north ,lebanon for the night2 the next morning it continued its journey westward and passed through the tunnel2 this was the first boat to pass through a tract of ground upon which corn and potatoes were being grown40 ,county seat1 ,,lebanon1 population #bd1fdc1 on the ,william ,penn ,highway2 settled in #agej4 ,streets run north and south1 east and west4 ,courthouse1 at the corner of ,eighth and ,cumberland ,streets1 colonial1 brick4 ,united ,states post office1 classic1 with ,doric columns4 ,a historic inn1 the ,st4 ,eitz1 built in #ageb1 was occupied by ,george ,washington4 ,hill ,church1 colonial1 brick2 in the yard is a monument to ,rev4 ,john ,casper ,stoever1 first ,lutheran minister in ,lebanon ,county1 in #agcc4 ,st4 ,luke's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 ,gothic1 stone1 built without a nail1 has three memorial windows1 8,the ,nativity10 by ,lamb2 others made in ,england2 also fine collection of altar cloths1 chasubles1 and credence cloth made abroad1 in filet1 of fifteenth century design4 ,soldiers and sailors' monument in ,monument ,park2 tall1 fluted column with ,ionic capital4 ,lebanon ,historical ,society has collections of local interest4 ,,annville is seat of ,lebanon ,valley ,college1 founded by the ,united ,brethren in #ahfe2 a school of high grade under supervision of that church4 ,,mt4 ,,gretna1 a camp ground of #ajjj or more acres1 #ajjj feet above sea level1 was purchased by the state for mobilization of the state's ,national ,guard4 ,it will accommodate #bj1jjj men1 and has been used for this purpose since #ahhe4 ,the ,war ,department considers ,mt4 ,gretna an ideal military camp1 sanitary and well drained4 ,,schaefferstown1 one of the earliest and most historic places in this county1 laid out in #agdd1 had the first waterworks system in the ,united ,states1 in #agec4 ,franklin ,house built in #agej2 in the cellar there is a remarkable series of carved arches2 it served as a place of refuge from ,indians4 ,fountain ,hill ,park is here4 ,,myerstown is the seat of ,albright ,college4 ,,fredericksburg has the ,lick ,monument1 erected1 in #ahha1 by ,james ,lick1 in memory of his grandfather's services at ,valley ,forge1 and of ,john ,lick1 founder of ,lick ,observatory on ,mount ,hamilton1 ,california4 ,,xlviii ,,union ,,county ,formed ,march #bb1 #ahac1 named for the ,union2 chiefly agricultural1 is divided by spurs of the ,alleghenies1 known as ,white ,deer1 ,nittany1 ,buffalo1 ,paddy's1 and ,jack's mountains1 into three valleys2 the center1 ,buffalo ,valley1 is one of the garden spots in ,pennsylvania1 formerly home of many ,amish and ,dunkards1 good farmers and citizens4 ,,lewisburg1 county seat1 laid out in #aghe2 population #cbjd2 named for ,ludwig 7,lewis7 ,doerr1 who purchased the land from ,richard ,peters of ,philadelphia4 ,a rare specimen of conveyancing is deed1 lot #ea1 in plan of ,lewisburg1 tracing title from the ,creator1 down through ,adam and ,eve1 to one ,flavel ,roan1 recorded at ,sunbury1 in deed book ,f1 #agic4 ,finely located at mouth of ,buffalo ,creek1 ,west ,branch of the ,susquehanna1 on the great ,indian path from ,sunbury to ,muncy1 now main highway from ,harrisburg to ,williamsport1 and on line of turnpikes leading from ,erie through ,waterford1 ,meadville1 and ,franklin to ,susquehanna ,river4 ,seat of ,bucknell ,university1 incorporated in #ahdf1 co-ed1 with courses in arts1 science1 philosophy1 and engineering2 the ,library and ,museum have the ,jeremiah ,gernerd collection of ,indian relics1 open to the public2 from the top of the astronomical observatory is a fine view4 ,in ,lewisburg ,cemetery is the grave of ,colonel ,john ,kelly1 distinguished in ,indian warfare and the ,revolution2 he died in #ahcb2 his ,illustration3 ,,union ,,county monument1 with military emblems1 was erected in #ahce1 sculptor1 ,w4 ,hubbard2 also the grave of ,mary1 widow of ,captain ,john ,brady1 the great ,indian fighter1 who was massacred by ,indians and buried near where he fell1 in ,lycoming ,county4 ,one mile west of ,lewisburg1 from the top of ,smoketown ,hill1 is a fine view of ,buffalo ,valley across the ,susquehanna to ,muncy ,hills and ,north ,mountain4 ,historic places1 site of ,shikellimy's old town1 a wooded crest opposite ,milton1 four miles north of ,lewisburg2 he was chief of the ,oneidas1 and father of ,logan the ,mingo chief1 place now called ,oak ,heights4 ,,driesbach1 five miles west of ,lewisburg1 ,german ,reformed and ,lutheran ,church1 first log building built1 #aghh1 on site of present brick church2 in burial ground is the grave and monument to ,samuel ,maclay1 born1 #agda1 brother of ,william ,maclay2 inscription1 8,samuel ,maclay1 ,united ,states ,senator #ahjc-ji1 ,surveyor1 ,farmer1 ,soldier1 ,legislator1 ,statesman4 ,erected by ,state of ,pennsylvania1 #aijh40 ,buffalo ,x ,roads1 ,presbyterian ,church1 first built1 #agge1 present brick building about #ahdf4 ,,mifflinburg1 the neatest town you ever saw1 with uniform curbing and walks1 population #agdd1 in heart of ,buffalo ,valley 7named for ,governor ,mifflin72 ten miles west of ,lewisburg1 laid out #agib1 by ,elias ,youngman4 ,,new ,,berlin1 laid out1 #agib1 by ,george ,long1 delightfully situated on north bank of ,penn's ,creek2 first county seat2 at one time home of ,union ,seminary1 ,central ,pennsylvania ,college4 ,illustration3 ,,columbia ,,county ,,xlix ,,columbia ,,county ,formed ,march #bb1 #ahac1 name explains itself3 is in ,appalachian ,mountain belt2 surface quite broken1 with wonderfully beautiful drives4 ,the ,catawissa ,railroad1 noted for its remarkable trestle bridges1 first one at ,mainville1 runs through this county1 crossing the ,susquehanna ,river at ,rupert4 ,arable land1 mostly red shale and limestone1 with deposits of iron ore at ,bloomsburg1 and the anthracite coal basin at ,centralia4 ,chief industries1 manufacturing2 the carpet mill here is said to be the second largest in the ,united ,states4 ,earliest historical bands of ,indians1 in this county1 were the ,shawnees and ,delawares1 vassals to the ,six ,nations2 ,wyoming ,path1 their route of travel for hunting or war1 left ,muncy on the ,west ,branch1 ran up ,glade ,run1 through a gap to ,fishing ,creek and on to ,luzerne ,county1 through ,nescopec ,gap1 and up ,north ,branch to ,wyoming4 ,,bloomsburg1 population #ghai1 laid out in #ahjb by ,ludwig ,eyre1 on a bluff on ,fishing ,creek1 became county seat in #ahdf4 ,in #aggb1 the ,shawnee ,indians had a village between the mouth of the creek and the town4 ,james ,mc,clure located his farm near the same point in #agha2 a fort was erected there1 built by ,major ,moses ,van,campen1 now marked1 from which he led scouting parties4 ,in #aggi1 ,van,campen1 as quartermaster1 accompanied ,general ,sullivan's expedition against ,indian towns on the ,genessee4 ,there is much discussion here about city planning4 ,the town lies due north and south1 named streets2 east and west numbered2 ,second ,street being the main street1 and also forms part of state highway leading from ,harrisburg to ,wilkes-,barre4 ,courthouse on ,main ,street1 ,renaissance2 contains1 it is said1 8a very beautiful piece of tapestry40 ,jail1 stone1 feudal architecture4 ,soldiers and ,sailors' ,monument at the intersection of ,main and ,market ,streets1 erected in #aijh4 ,the ,methodist ,church1 ,gothic1 stone1 has a ,tiffany window1 8,christ ,blessing ,little ,children02 other churches that may be mentioned for architecture are ,st4 ,paul's ,protestant ,episcopal and ,first ,presbyterian1 both ,gothic2 ,st4 ,matthew's1 ,evangelical ,lutheran1 ,trinity ,reformed1 and ,st4 ,columba's ,roman ,catholic1 colonial4 ,in #ahfi1 this was made the educational center of northeast ,pennsylvania1 with the ,state ,normal ,school1 corner-stone laid by ,governor ,geary in #ahfh4 ,normal auditorium1 colonial2 and other extensive buildings4 ,,catawissa1 originally a ,quaker settlement2 scenery fine and picturesque2 was laid out in #aghg by ,william ,hughes from ,berks ,county2 has an old ,friends' meeting house4 ,john ,hanch was one of the first to build an iron furnace here on the ,catawissa in #ahaf2 earlier the ,piscatawese or ,gangawese 7,kenhawas7 had wigwams here4 ,fort ,jenkins1 near mouth of ,briar ,creek1 on the ,susquehanna1 was attacked and burned by ,indians1 #aggi-hj2 a house is now on the site of the fort4 ,,berwick was settled by ,evan ,owen in #aghc4 ,here in #ahbf the steamboat ,susquehanna blew up while ascending the ,nescopec ,falls4 ,also ground was broken here for the ,north ,branch ,canal4 ,l ,,pike ,,county ,formed ,march #bf1 #ahad1 named for ,general ,zebulon ,pike1 killed in ,canada1 #ahac4 ,when the chronicler takes up his pen to write of the glories of ,pike ,county in works of art1 architecture1 and monuments to the departed 8,great10 in peace or war1 he is somewhat appalled at the dearth of them2 the landmarks are what ,god made1 softened and beautified by time4 ,,milford1 county seat1 population #gfh1 was laid out by ,john ,biddis1 #agic1 in squares1 after pattern of ,philadelphia2 it rests high above the ,delaware ,river1 overlooking a valley of myriad hues that have made the town notable for its quaint1 umbrageous beauty and repose4 ,pioneer settlers were substantial people whose descendants still reside here4 ,it is a popular resort for trout fishing in the spring1 vacationists in the summer1 and for deer and bird hunting in the fall4 ,courthouse1 brick1 ,french design1 built in #ahgc1 in center of town1 facing the public square2 two mortars from the ,civil ,war are in the front lawn2 opposite is the jail1 built in #ahae as courthouse and jail1 made of native boulders carefully selected for shades and tints2 some are opalescent and show brilliantly in certain lights2 a wooden trout1 five foot long1 pointing the way of the wind1 is as old as the building4 ,forestry building1 probably handsomest village structure of its kind in the ,united ,states1 erected in #aijj by the late ,james ,wallace ,pinchot1 ,normandy ,illustration3 ,,pike ,,county design2 native stone2 architects1 ,hunt ,hunt2 in niches are busts of ,washington and ,franklin2 mortised in alternately are bas-reliefs of ,f4 ,a4 ,michaux1 #agdf-ahjb1 author of 8,flora ,boreali ,americana02 ,general ,lafayette in #aggg2 and ,bernard ,palissy1 #aejf-hi1 potter1 and writer on botany and forestry2 sculptor1 ,j4 ,f4 ,weir4 ,the ,homestead ,library1 formerly home of ,cyrille ,pinchot1 pure colonial1 is in center of town2 to the rear is ,normandie ,cottage1 an architectural gem1 replica of a peasant's home cottage4 ,gray ,towers1 the ,pinchot estate1 native stone1 reproduction of a baronial castle in the ,scottish ,highlands1 crowns the hill about #ajjj feet above ,milford2 the old ,scotch garden1 with high stone wall1 is of rare beauty2 ,yale ,school of ,forestry is on the ,pinchot estate1 within echo of the ,sawkill ,falls4 ,monument to ,tom ,quick1 the avenger of the ,delaware1 is on his birthplace2 he killed ninety-nine ,indians to avenge the death of his father1 who was the first settler in ,milford1 in #agcc4 ,the principal denominations are represented in the churches4 ,old inns are1 the ,crissman ,house1 built1 #ahaj2 the ,sawkill ,house1 #ahbc1 southern colonial2 the ,dimmick ,house1 #ahbh1 ,horace ,greeley stopped here in #ahdj and later2 one of his fondest hopes was the coperative1 community of interest settlement1 known as the 8,sylvania ,society10 which he1 with others1 organized in #ahdb at ,greeley2 founded on the 8,sacredness of toil10 but the young men1 sons of affluent parents1 who had been sent there by ,new ,yorkers who bought stock1 did not know how to work1 nor did they wish to learn1 and so they deserted4 ,the ,bluff ,house on the banks of the ,delaware1 built1 #ahgf1 commands a fine view2 lawn of ,milford ,inn is planted with rare shrubs and trees from all parts of the world2 the ,hermitage has three unique bronze sundials1 sculptor1 ,louis ,f4 ,ragot2 the one depicting ,father ,time with upraised reaper1 is beautiful4 ,the ,hermit's ,glen1 so a legend goes1 is where an old ,french hermit of profound knowledge and benevolence found the water of life after a world-wide search2 these waters now flow into the lake through two bronze masques2 two cement giants hold up the dam that feeds the lake4 ,wells ,glen lies along the ,sawkill ,brook2 rhododendrons1 wood flowers1 and giant hemlocks make it beautiful4 ,childs ,park1 back of ,,dingman',s ,,ferry1 given in perpetuity for use of the public by ,mrs4 ,g4 ,w4 ,childs1 is a rugged mountain stretch1 woodland and meadow2 cataracts and deep pools are in the trout stream that comes through it4 ,,bushkill1 another haunt for nature lovers1 and ,,shohola1 all remarkable for beautiful falls1 glens1 caves4 ,in writing of the ,delaware ,valley1 ,edmund ,clarence ,stedman says3 8,but here there is no swooning of the languid air1 and no seeming always afternoon2 it is a morning land with every cliff facing the rising sun2 the mist and languor are in the grain fields far below2 the hills themselves are of the richest1 darkest green2 the skies are blue and fiery2 the air crisp1 oxygenated1 ,american2 it is no place for lotus eating1 but for drinking water of the fountain of youth1 till one feels the zest and thrill of a new life that is not unrestful1 yet as far as may be from the lethargy of mere repose40 ,among the artists who have painted here are1 ,william ,m4 ,chase1 ,j4 ,alden ,weir1 ,swayne ,gifford1 ,carroll ,beckwith1 ,henry ,satterlee1 ,charles ,c4 ,curran1 ,w4 ,a4 ,rogers1 and ,benjamin ,constant1 ,france4 ,illustration3 ,,sawkill ,,falls1 ,,milford ,,li ,,perry ,,county ,formed ,march #ab1 #ahbj2 named for ,commodore ,oliver ,hazard ,perry2 lying between the ,tuscarora and the ,blue ,mountains1 it abounds in beautiful scenery1 low hills1 rich valleys1 and abundant streams4 ,chief industry1 agriculture4 ,,new ,,bloomfield1 county seat1 settled in #ahbj2 streets run due east and west1 north and south4 ,courthouse faces the center square2 colonial with cupola1 brick2 built in #ahfh2 fireproof annex1 built1 #ahib4 ,soldiers' ,monument in the square1 memorial to soldiers and sailors of ,perry ,county4 ,among the good church buildings may be noted the ,methodist2 architect1 ,m4 ,a4 ,kast1 ,harrisburg4 ,,shermansdale was in #agbj an ,indian village4 ,at ,,marysville a long stone arch bridge on the ,pennsylvania ,railroad line crosses over the ,susquehanna ,river from ,rockville1 ,dauphin ,county4 ,the ,marysville ,civic ,club has done much for the improvement of the town1 and has beautified the town square and schoolyard4 ,beyond ,,duncannon1 where an immense traffic in coal and iron is carried on1 one goes through the valley of the beautiful ,juniata2 the scenery along this river1 as one crosses ridge after ridge of the ,alleghenies is most picturesque1 and the region traversed is full of historical reminiscences of the struggles of the early ,scotch-,irish colonists with the ,indians1 and of the enterprise of ,david ,brainard and other missionaries4 ,at ,,millerstown one threads the ,tuscarora ,gap1 where the railway1 river1 road1 and canal squeeze their way through a narrow defile2 this lay in the land of the ,tuscarora ,indians4 ,illustration3 ,,perry ,,county ,,juniata ,,county ,,lii ,formed ,march #b1 #ahca2 name1 from the ,juniata ,river1 was given by the original people who lived in this region1 and who were obliterated by the ,iroquois2 root of word means 8a stone40 8,standing ,stone0 may be regarded as translation of 8,onojutta-,haga0 or the ,juniata people4 ,a mountainous country with many fertile valleys1 situated between the ,tuscarora and ,blue ,ridge ,mountains1 famous for its scenery1 with the blue ,juniata making a wide sweep4 ,the old ,pennsylvania canal followed its banks throughout its whole course4 ,first settlers were mostly ,scotch-,irish4 ,the old homestead of ,francis ,innis1 one and a half stories1 stone1 east of ,mc,coysville1 is still in possession of descendants1 now used as a spring house2 his two children1 captured by the ,indians1 were recovered among those delivered to ,colonel ,bouquet in #agfd4 ,another old landmark1 eight miles away1 is the ,d4 ,b4 ,esh house1 on east ,waterford ,road1 built by ,mr4 ,graham in #ahjb2 has an open stairway carved by hand4 ,first road laid out in #agfh1 was from ,sherman's ,valley to ,kishecoquelas ,valley4 ,the historic road between ,harrisburg and ,pittsburgh1 through the famous ,jack's ,narrows1 over which stage coaches traveled1 is now part of the ,william ,penn ,highway4 ,sites of ,forts ,bingham and ,patterson will soon be marked by the ,general ,thomas ,mifflin ,chapter1 ,illustration3 ,,juniata ,,county ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,chief industries1 agriculture and manufactories4 ,,mifflintown1 county seat1 population #ajhc1 joined with its twin borough1 ,,mifflin1 on ,pennsylvania ,railroad main line1 by bridge over the ,juniata1 was laid out in #agia by ,john ,harris1 and named in honor of the governor of the state1 ,general ,mifflin4 ,courthouse in center of town on ,main ,street1 built1 #ahgd1 brick1 ,georgian1 with ,ionic porch and cupola2 in the yard is a monument1 surmounted by a spread eagle1 to ,civil ,war soldiers from ,juniata ,county1 erected in #ahgj4 ,the churches are of good architecture1 and the graded high school is said to be the best between ,harrisburg and ,huntingdon4 ,illustration3 ,,monroe ,,county ,,liii ,,monroe ,,county ,formed ,april #a1 #ahcf2 named in honor of ,president ,james ,monroe4 ,the ,pocono ,mountains and long1 fertile valleys cover the surface4 ,chief industries1 farming1 lumber1 and manufacturing4 ,in the southeast1 where the ,delaware ,river turns suddenly at ,mount ,kittatinny1 towering #afjj feet above it1 is the ,delaware ,water ,gap1 with views of great distance from the highest point2 near are the ,wind ,gap and ,smith's ,gap2 ,william ,penn's famous ,walking ,land ,purchase ended near here4 ,the ,milford ,road1 laid out about #ahjj1 from ,easton1 leaves ,delaware ,river at ,water ,gap village1 thence four miles to ,stroudsburg1 then to ,bushkill and beyond4 ,,stroudsburg1 county seat2 population #ebgh2 first settled by ,jacob ,stroud1 laid out at right angles1 with a liberal plan of broad avenues1 and houses set back thirty feet from the sidewalk1 resembles a ,new ,england village4 ,courthouse1 built1 #ahij1 of rough stone1 with high chimneys and belfry1 contains portraits of judges2 with jail and county house forms group facing the public square4 ,churches are of all principal denominations4 ,the ,national ,bank and other buildings are chiefly by ,lacy ,son1 architects4 ,a fine stone and iron bridge1 built by the state1 over ,broadhead ,creek1 connects the two boroughs of ,stroudsburg and ,east ,stroudsburg2 it replaced a wooden one1 over one hundred years old1 carried away by the freshet in #ahfb4 ,in #agee1 ,indians crossed over the old bridge1 burned ,dansbury ,mission and other buildings1 leaving ,stroudsburg without a house or resident4 ,ephraim ,collver1 who had a grist mill there1 escaped with his family to the ,moravians at ,bethlehem4 ,about #agef1 a line of forts were erected to protect the frontier settlements2 sites are unmarked2 ,fort ,norris at ,greensweigo1 ,eldred ,township1 on road toward the ,minisinks1 eighty feet square1 was completely stockaded4 ,fort ,hyndshaw1 at the mouth of ,bushkill ,creek1 was built for the ,revolutionary ,war4 ,fort ,hamilton was built in #ageg1 some one hundred feet beyond the ,lutheran ,church in western part of the town4 ,fort ,penn1 center of town1 was residence of ,jacob ,stroud1 who died in #ahjf2 here in #aggh1 he cared for thirty or more persons1 fugitives from the ,wyoming massacre1 who crossed the ,pocono plateau with great toil and distress1 later proceeding to their former homes in ,connecticut4 ,at ,locust ,ridge in ,wyoming ,valley1 a battle was fought called the ,pennamite ,war1 between ,connecticut claimants and ,pennsylvanians4 ,general ,sullivan and his troops1 in #aggi1 laid out a road through this county1 from ,wind ,gap to ,stoddartsville1 ,wilkes-,barre1 and on1 continuing an expedition from ,easton to ,genessee ,valley1 against the ,indians2 it may still be traced almost the entire way4 ,general ,daniel ,brodhead and most of his male relatives from ,monroe ,county1 were in the ,revolutionary ,war4 ,monroe ,county was a portion of the lands of the ,minisinks2 there were several ,indian villages2 the ,delaware chief1 ,tedyuscung1 born on the ,pocono ,mountains1 resided here4 ,it is said that the first white settlement in ,pennsylvania was at ,shawnee1 by the ,low ,dutch or ,hollanders1 in 8,meenesink10 many years before ,william ,penn's charter4 ,when ,nicholas ,scull surveyed the land for the province1 ,samuel ,depui was here2 he purchased land in #agbg from the ,minsi ,indians1 now site of ,shawnee1 an attractive village1 five miles east of ,stroudsburg2 and the same property later from ,william ,allen1 #agcc1 for whom the oldest survey in the county was made4 ,illustration3 ,,clarion ,,county ,,liv ,,clarion ,,county ,formed ,march #aa1 #ahci2 named from ,clarion ,river4 ,the scenery is beautiful and diversified2 at the highest point1 over #afjj feet above sea level1 a flagstaff has been erected2 from here1 on a clear day1 may be seen the bridge at ,east ,brady and four villages in the far distance4 ,hills and valleys are dotted here and there with oil and gas wells4 ,there are beautiful views along the ,clarion and ,allegheny rivers and ,redbank ,creek2 the scenery at ,east ,brady is notable on account of the precipitous hills and winding streams4 ,first white settler was ,captain ,samuel ,brady of ,revolutionary fame2 his parents having been killed by ,indians1 he swore vengeance against them4 ,he conducted an expedition in #aggi under ,general ,brodhead1 who had started with a large force from ,fort ,pitt4 ,the ,indians had become troublesome along the ,allegheny ,river2 ,brady1 in advance with scouts1 discovered them on a flat rock at a place which is now ,east ,brady2 he took possession of a narrow pass1 and when the ,indians arrived1 he opened fire1 with the main army in the rear2 escape was impossible1 and nearly all were killed or taken prisoners4 ,in early days this region was called 8,the ,iron ,city10 on account of its many furnaces2 forty were in operation at one time1 they are now cinders and banks of earth4 ,the oil production in this county has been wonderful2 #ejjj oil wells were drilled in ,clarion after #ahgj1 and there is still much wealth in it2 other industries are gas1 coal1 and agriculture4 ,two long tunnels are at ,madison ,furnace on the railroad between ,clarion and ,franklin2 it is said there are but two longer ones in the world4 ,the first bridge was built across ,clarion ,river in #ahcd4 ,the present one1 which is of fine construction1 is the third4 ,,clarion1 population1 #b1gic1 made county seat in #ahdj2 is finely located on a hill #aejj feet above sea level1 on the ,bellefonte and ,meadville ,turnpike4 ,public buildings face the park2 ,courthouse1 third reconstruction1 completed in #ahhb1 ,georgian2 architect1 ,mr4 ,betts2 contains portraits of judges4 ,jail1 ,norman architecture1 stone with brick front1 was built in #ahgd4 ,connected with the ,state ,normal ,school is a stone chapel containing busts of ,abraham ,lincoln and ,henry ,w4 ,longfellow2 also ,navaree ,hall1 ,spanish architecture1 stone1 brick1 and concrete2 architects1 ,allison ,allison1 ,pittsburgh4 ,among the six churches are the ,methodist and ,presbyterian1 stone1 ,roman architecture4 ,the ,woman's ,club has accomplished much for civic improvement1 changing the cemetery from an unsightly spot to a place of beauty1 planting the park with shrubbery and flower beds1 and starting a free public library2 in the park is a monument to ,civil ,war soldiers4 ,at ,,foxburg is a fine free1 memorial library2 colonial2 native sandstone2 architect1 ,arthur ,h4 ,brockie1 ,philadelphia4 ,in the 8,memorial ,church of ,our ,father10 native sandstone2 architect1 ,james ,sims1 ,philadelphia2 is a painting by ,edwin ,howland ,blashfield1 8,the ,angel of the ,resurrection40 ,,lv ,,clinton ,,county ,formed ,june #ba1 #ahci2 named for ,de,witt ,clinton4 ,has superb scenic beauty2 lofty mountains1 rolling hills1 and highly productive valleys border the ,west ,branch of the ,susquehanna ,river4 ,about one-fourth is ,state ,forest ,reserve of mountainous wilderness1 where large and small game1 trout1 and other fish abound4 ,chief industries are in vast deposit of commercial clay1 from which is made fire1 building and paving brick1 tile sewer pipe1 and concrete blocks2 and a large chemical plant1 very important in war chemicals2 agriculture1 including tobacco growing2 several creameries and a large milk condensery4 ,,lock ,,haven1 with advance road signs1 county seat2 population #heei4 ,through the efforts of the city government1 ,board of ,trade1 and ,women's ,civic ,club1 ,john ,nolen1 of ,cambridge1 ,massachusetts1 was engaged to prepare a formal 8,city ,plan0 for the future growth and development of the city4 ,this plan includes no radical changes or extravagant improvements1 but conforms to the requirements of a small community4 ,embraces simple1 but definite plans for the esthetic improvement of the fronts of the ,susquehanna and ,bald ,eagle ,rivers1 between which ,lock ,haven is situated4 ,the proper location and grouping of future public buildings1 with a civic center at ,monument ,place1 the intersection of the two main thoroughfares4 ,illustration3 ,,clinton ,,county ,illustration3 ,,the ,,susquehanna ,,trail ,river front of ,lock ,haven ,the installation of modern street lighting systems with underground wires4 ,and the gradual improvements in store fronts and business places4 ,illustration ,it calls for the establishment of drives1 playgrounds1 and parks2 the acquiring of a woodland reservation1 adjoining ,highland ,cemetery1 at the edge of the town1 for a public park2 and purchase of an outlying mountain top for future recreation4 ,much of the plan has been carried out4 ,a unique and beautiful parkway has been made by utilizing the abandoned basin of the old canal1 which cut through the heart of ,lock ,haven2 it had become a dump heap1 but under the ,nolen plan was filled1 and has blossomed into one of the show places of the city1 with flower beds1 lawn1 trees1 and special landscape garden effect at each end4 ,the river front has been made into a park1 at entrance to the bridge1 over the ,susquehanna1 a modern structure built by the state1 which replaced a picturesque1 covered bridge built1 #ahee1 about #hjj feet long2 it includes the old toll house1 pronounced by ,mr4 ,nolen a valuable asset for the city4 ,a smaller1 quaint1 old covered wood bridge1 same period1 about four miles from ,lock ,haven1 spans ,bald ,eagle stream1 on ,bald ,eagle ,valley ,road2 near is the ,clinton 8,country ,club0 house1 artistically built of cobblestones1 architect1 ,lester ,kintzing1 ,new ,york4 ,the ,courthouse1 red brick and brownstone1 surmounted by two dome-shaped towers1 built in #ahfi1 on site of an earlier one built1 #ahdb1 is on ,water ,street facing the river4 ,on the river front is a stone marker1 inscription1 8,located in the stockade of ,fort ,reed1 built1 #agge1 for defense against the ,indians40 ,on the river road1 leading to ,williamsport1 near ,mc,elhattan1 is site of ,fort ,horn1 stone marker1 both placed by the ,hugh ,white ,chapter1 ,d4 ,a4 ,r41 to mark the last two1 of the trail of stockade fortifications1 built along the river in defense of the pioneer settlers4 ,where ,lock ,haven stands was original site of several ,indian villages2 burial places2 and marked one of their great thoroughfares from the north to the coast4 ,granite monument to #aich soldiers of ,clinton ,county in the ,civil ,war is in center of city4 ,st4 ,paul's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 stone1 ,gothic1 with spire1 built1 #aheb1 on ,main ,street1 has memorial windows by ,tiffany and ,lamb1 ,new ,york1 and chancel window from ,england4 ,the ,immaculate ,conception1 ,roman ,catholic ,church1 built1 #aije1 and rectory1 #aiae1 ,gothic1 with two towers1 ,hummelstone brownstone1 architect1 ,j4 ,a4 ,dempwolf1 ,york1 ,pa41 corner of ,water and ,third ,streets1 is on site of an earlier church1 built in #aheg1 dedicated by ,rev4 ,john ,c4 ,gilligan1 pioneer missionary4 ,central ,state ,normal ,school1 on ground given by ,philip ,price of ,philadelphia1 founded1 #ahga1 includes twelve buildings1 on thirty-two acres of land1 commanding extended view2 the main building was erected in #ahij1 architect1 ,a4 ,s4 ,wagner1 ,williamsport2 art course includes the theory and practice of teaching art2 industrial art and lectures on art history2 reproductions of paintings1 and ,european architecture1 also replicas of sculpture1 are placed about the buildings4 ,ross ,memorial ,free ,library1 on ,main ,street1 opened1 #aiaj1 further endowed by the late ,wilson ,kistler1 sends traveling libraries to rural schools2 contains painting by ,e4 ,h4 ,shearer1 8,ole ,bull's ,castle in ,potter ,co402 a noteworthy collection of ,north ,american ,indian relics1 #aj1jjj pieces1 owned by ,dr4 ,t4 ,b4 ,stewart1 has been offered as a loan to this library1 the collection is especially rich in local relics of domestic life and implements of war4 8,the ,fallon ,house10 built in #ahee1 still in excellent condition1 is said to have been built with funds of ,queen ,isabella ,,ii1 of ,spain1 who invested largely of her private fortune in ,pennsylvania1 for a retreat in case of revolution4 ,in ,highland ,cemetery is an exact reproduction of the ,st4 ,martin's ,cross1 #af feet #h inches high1 on the ,island of ,iona1 off the coast of ,scotland1 erected in #aiad1 in memory of ,samuel ,richard ,peale4 ,illustration3 ,,wyoming ,,county ,,lvi ,,wyoming ,,county ,formed ,april #d1 #ahdb2 named from the ,wyoming tribe of ,indians who occupied the land when the white settlers came2 name signifies extensive flats4 ,lies in the northern opening of the wonderful ,wyoming ,valley1 celebrated for its fertility and beauty2 surface diversified by numerous spurs of the ,appalachian system1 which tower into lofty peaks2 ,mount ,solecca1 #ajjj feet above the river2 ,mount ,chodano1 nearly opposite1 about the same height2 ,mount ,metchasaung1 still higher1 at ,la ,grange4 ,several lakes are well stocked with fish2 the largest1 ,lake ,cary1 three miles long1 one mile wide1 is surrounded by lofty pines and hemlocks4 ,glen ,moneypenny1 six miles below ,tunkhannock1 is a wildly picturesque location2 many such are to be found among the mountains of this country4 ,this beautiful setting was the scene of ,indian plottings that culminated in the ,wyoming ,massacre in #aggh 7see ,luzerne ,county74 ,the following year ,general ,sullivan's army passed through this region1 on march to subdue the ,six ,nations1 and encamped on the shore of the ,susquehanna ,river at ,tunkhannock1 where the tannery now stands4 ,forty years ago passenger pigeons were so plentiful that when they flew across a town in dense flocks1 they obscured the sun2 one colony occupied a strip of woodland in ,wyoming ,county1 seven miles long by three miles wide2 ,alexander ,wilson wrote of counting ninety nests in a single tree4 ,chief industries1 agriculture and manufacturing4 ,,tunkhannock1 county seat2 population #agcf1 first called ,putnam1 after ,general ,israel ,putnam of ,revolutionary ,war2 settled1 #agij2 was incorporated #ahda4 ,lies due north and south1 east and west4 ,courthouse on ,courthouse ,square has two marble tablets in the corridor1 with names of ,revolutionary ,war soldiers buried within the limits of ,wyoming ,county1 placed by ,tunkhannock ,chapter1 ,daughters of the ,american ,revolution4 ,the ,soldiers' ,monument is on the same grounds4 ,among the churches of different denominations1 the ,methodist may be mentioned for ,gothic architecture4 ,at ,,factoryville is the ,keystone ,academy4 ,crossing ,tunkhannock ,creek1 near ,nicholson1 is the ,tunkhannock ,viaduct1 said to be the largest concrete bridge in the world1 #bcge feet long1 #bdj feet high1 above water level2 height from bedrock #cjj feet2 carries the double tracks of the main line of the ,lackawanna ,railroad from mountain to mountain across the valley4 ,,lvii ,,carbon ,,county ,formed ,march #ac1 #ahdc2 named for its coal deposits2 coal was first discovered by ,philip ,ginter in #agia1 on top of ,sharp ,mountain1 now town of ,summit ,hill1 nine miles southwest of ,mauch ,chunk4 ,in #ahah the ,lehigh ,navigation ,company and the ,lehigh ,coal ,company were formed2 under skilful management the almost insuperable obstacles in the way of transportation were overcome2 boats #ah feet wide by #be feet long1 two or more hinged together1 were floated by artificial freshets on the ,lehigh2 owing to the great fall in the river and consequent rapidity of its motion1 dams were constructed near ,mauch ,chunk1 with sluice gates1 invented by ,josiah ,white1 a manager of the ,navigation ,company2 they were the first on record used permanently2 ,lehigh coal is the hardest known anthracite in the world4 ,other mineral productions are iron1 slate1 and mineral paint4 ,wire rope was first invented in ,mauch ,chunk4 ,the first settlers were ,moravian missionaries who1 in #agdf1 purchased #bjj acres on the north side of ,mahoning ,creek above its mouth1 for converted ,mohican ,indians2 each ,indian family possessed their own lot of ground and ,gnadenhtten became a town2 the church stood in the valley1 with the ,indian houses forming a crescent on one side1 on the other side was the missionary's house and burial ground4 ,the road to ,wyoming lay through the settlement1 being the ,illustration3 ,,carbon ,,county famous ,warrior's ,path over ,nescopec ,mountain4 ,in ,august all partook of their own first fruits in a love feast4 ,christian ,ranch and ,martin ,mack were the first missionaries residing here2 several parts of ,scripture had been translated into the ,mohican language2 the ,holy ,communion was administered every month1 the ,indians calling that 8,the ,great ,day40 ,in #agdi ,bishop 7,baron7 ,john de ,watterville went to ,gnadenhtten and laid the foundation of a large church2 ,indian congregation #ejj persons4 ,after ,braddock's defeat in #agee the whole frontier was open to the savage foe2 suddenly in #ageg1 the mission house on the ,mahoning was attacked and burnt by ,french and ,indians1 and many inhabitants were murdered2 a broad marble slab1 placed there in #aghh1 near ,,lehighton1 marks the grave of those massacred4 ,in #agef ,benjamin ,franklin was authorized by the ,provincial ,government to erect forts on the ,lehigh2 one opposite ,gnadenhtten was named ,fort ,allen1 for ,william ,allen1 the ,chief ,justice4 ,at ,,weissport1 in the rear of the 8,fort ,allen ,house0 may be seen the well dug under ,franklin's supervision2 it was within the inclosure of the fort and supplied the soldiers with water4 ,weissport was settled by ,colonel ,jacob ,weiss1 ,quartermaster ,general in the ,revolutionary ,army1 on site of ,fort ,allen4 ,municipal parks are at ,lehighton and ,weissport1 given by ,jacob ,weiss4 ,also at ,lehighton is ,all ,saints' ,chapel1 early ,english ,gothic4 ,in #aghj ,andrew ,montour1 leader of an ,indian party1 captured the ,gilbert family1 twelve persons1 and took them over ,mauch ,chunk and ,broad ,mountains into the ,nescopec path1 across ,quakake ,creek to ,mahoning ,mountain and over wild and rugged country to ,canada2 eventually they were all redeemed at ,montreal1 in #aghb1 and returned to ,byberry4 ,a view of great scenic beauty is from ,prospect ,rock1 over the ,nescopec ,valley2 ,cloud ,point1 frequently covered by vapor1 may be seen2 near is ,glen ,thomas with a picturesque ,amber ,cascade1 named for ,david ,thomas1 pioneer in the iron trade4 ,,glen ,,onoko1 two miles above ,mauch ,chunk1 with its wild beauty1 total ascent over #ijj feet1 forms the channel for the clear stream which flows over innumerable cascades to the ,lehigh2 the most noticeable are 8,chameleon ,falls10 fifty feet high1 and 8,onoko ,falls10 ninety feet high1 with overhanging rocks1 covered with moss and ferns4 ,,mauch ,,chunk1 county seat1 population #cfff2 ,indian name means ,bear ,mountain2 first settled in #ahae2 has one principal street1 following the tortuous course of ,mauch ,chunk ,creek as it winds through a narrow gorge between three high1 steep1 and rocky mountains1 averaging #hej feet above the town4 ,the important buildings are directly on this street4 ,courthouse1 ,norman1 brownstone1 quarried at ,rockport1 ,carbon ,county2 built in #ahid4 ,jail1 where some of the ,molly ,maguires were executed4 ,the ,dimmick ,memorial ,library1 built in #ahij1 brick4 ,churches here and in ,east ,mauch ,chunk are unusually handsome4 ,st4 ,mark's ,protestant ,episcopal1 ,gothic1 stone1 has memorial windows by ,j4 ,r4 ,lamb2 the reredos is very beautiful4 ,first ,presbyterian1 colonial1 brick1 has a memorial window by ,john ,la,farge1 and one by ,tiffany4 ,the ,immaculate ,conception1 ,roman ,illustration3 ,,st4 ,,mark',s ,p4 ,e4 ,,church1 ,,mauch ,,chunk ,this church is built on solid rock ,catholic1 also has fine stained-glass windows4 ,st4 ,paul's ,methodist ,episcopal is the oldest church in the town4 ,the ,woman's ,clubs are seeking to improve conditions1 sanitary and scenic2 to widen the life of the town and in every way make it more in unison with its natural surroundings4 ,in the limited space of the narrow valley1 land is too precious to be used except for buildings1 but the hills are so magnificent that they look to them for the necessary beauty2 ,flagstaff ,park has natural effect4 ,the first railroad in ,carbon ,county and one of the oldest in the ,united ,states1 is the famous ,,switchback1 a gravity road1 extending from ,mauch ,chunk to ,,summit ,,hill1 opened in #ahcb1 for bringing coal from the mines to the canal2 used now only for pleasure2 a double track is laid to the summit of ,mount ,pisgah1 #bcbb feet distant from the foot1 at an angle of twenty degrees1 with elevation about #ijj feet above the river4 ,scene from the top is superb1 with a succession of mountain ridges rising1 range after range1 with distant view of ,lehigh ,water ,gap1 and farther to ,schooley's ,mountain in ,new ,jersey4 ,the principal attraction at ,summit ,hill is the burning mine1 discovered to be on fire in #ahei4 ,general ,craig of ,revolutionary fame resided here4 ,illustration3 ,,elk ,,county ,,lviii ,,elk ,,county ,formed ,april #ah1 #ahdc2 possesses everywhere great scenic beauty2 a large herd of elk1 last-known herd of the ,black ,forest1 still existed1 for which the county was named2 the last elk was killed in #aheg4 ,the ,black ,forest formerly covered a vast area of northwest ,pennsylvania1 the deep green of the hemlock giving a mystery of blackness2 here many varieties of large and small animals abounded4 ,climate and geological formation differ from surrounding counties in ratio of altitude2 the growing season is usually two or three weeks later on account of late frosts2 agriculture is now chief industry4 ,bituminous coal was discovered by 8,blind ,mike0 on ,priest's ,land at ,st4 ,mary's in #ahec1 and is continuously worked4 ,natural gas1 oil1 high-grade clays1 and shale are other mineral resources4 ,jimanandy ,park1 #cfjj acres of almost virgin forest1 stocked with deer2 through which a trout run flows1 is the property of heirs of ,senator ,james ,k4 ,p4 ,hall1 and ,honorable ,andrew ,kaul2 permission to inspect the park may be obtained at office of ,j4 ,r4 ,p4 ,hall at ,st4 ,mary's4 ,,ridgway1 county seat1 laid out in #ahdc and named for ,jacob ,ridgway1 ,philadelphia1 who was ,united ,states ,consul at ,antwerp2 population #fjcg4 ,courthouse1 center of town1 built in #ahgb1 brick1 with clock tower1 surmounted by a large statue of ,justice2 stands in a well-kept park with jail in the rear4 ,main ,street1 very wide1 paved with brick1 has many fine residences4 ,forest ,lawn ,cemetery contains the ,hall and ,hyde family mausoleums and a large community mausoleum built in #aiab4 ,,st4 ,,mary',s1 ten miles from ,ridgway1 along the state road through beautiful scenery1 is largest town in the county1 population #fifg2 known as the ,summit ,city1 on a high plateau1 altitude #affj to #aiej feet4 ,has wide streets paved with brick1 and is surrounded by a fertile farming country4 ,the ,charles ,a4 ,luke ,memorial ,park1 four acres1 acquired by gift in #ahgc for the public1 was laid out by ,george ,c4 ,miller1 landscape gardener of ,boston1 ,massachusetts1 in #aiad1 through ,st4 ,mary's ,village ,association4 ,st4 ,mary's ,roman ,catholic ,church1 oldest and largest in the county1 built in the fifties by the ,german ,catholic colonists1 from plans made by the late ,ignatius ,garner1 native undressed sandstone1 recently dressed with cement1 spoiling its rusticity4 ,in ,st4 ,mary's ,cemetery are buried ,baron ,van ,essel and many war veterans4 ,large ,german ,benedictine ,college and ,convent conducted by the ,sisters of ,st4 ,benedict1 established1 #ahfb1 is one of the three schools in ,america which teach the ,della ,sade system of voice culture1 introduced by the venerable ,sister ,marie who learned the system of the great ,italian master4 ,in the ,convent is said to be an original ,van ,dyke painting4 ,sacred ,heart ,church1 native sandstone1 ,gothic4 ,the ,shiloh ,presbyterian ,church is an ecclesiastical building of native sandstone4 ,at ,st4 ,mary's and ,kersey ,road is a small chapel1 wood1 old ,german design1 built in #ahgj by the late ,george ,decker1 in fulfillment of a vow2 prayer service is held here at stated times4 ,going east from ,kersey1 road leads through 8,the ,barrens10 a sandy rocky stretch of land denuded of vegetation by forest fires1 on the old ,bellefonte ,pike4 ,scenery is wonderful toward ,,mount ,,zion1 where there is a typical country church and burial ground4 ,at ,mount ,zion corner1 the road takes three courses2 left leads to ,,byrnedale with its fifty coke ovens1 coal tipples1 and washer plant4 ,,wilcox1 in northern part of county1 lying in the famous gas belt of ,elk ,county1 has large glass factory4 ,a few miles back is ,,tambine2 near here ,president ,grant1 guest of ,general ,thomas ,kane1 spent a day fishing for trout4 ,from ,wilcox1 along the ,big ,level ,road1 is ,rasselas2 here ,captain 7later ,general7 ,kane pinned a buck's tail on the hat of ,hiram ,woodruff1 first member recruited for the ,bucktail ,regiment4 ,on the old ,milesburg and ,clermont ,pike1 ,william ,c4 ,walsh carried the first mail through this section in #ahbh4 ,illustration3 ,,blair ,,county ,,lix ,,blair ,,county ,formed ,february #bf1 #ahdf2 named for ,honorable ,john ,blair1 native of this county1 and public-spirited citizen2 in #ahbj1 he laid out1 and was ,president of the ,huntingdon1 ,cambria and ,indiana ,turnpike1 first in this section4 ,blair ,county lies in the beautiful ,juniata ,valley1 settled by ,scotch-,irish1 ,english1 and ,germans2 much of the soil is very fertile4 ,chief industries1 agriculture1 coal mining1 and manufacturing4 ,it is the center of a network of roads1 mostly built as turnpikes from #ahcj-ej2 now state roads4 ,,tyrone1 altitude #fib feet above sea level1 population #ijhd2 outlet for important bituminous coal products2 lies in a basin formed by the base line of old ,tussey1 a famous mountain1 and the bold ridge known as ,bald ,eagle4 ,the home of ,captain ,john ,logan1 eldest son of ,shikellamy1 was at mouth of ,bald ,eagle ,creek2 second son1 ,james ,logan1 the ,mingo chief1 named for ,secretary ,logan of ,germantown1 went west to the ,ohio2 his son 7,tod-kahdohs7 married a daughter of ,chief ,cornplanter4 ,about three miles east from ,tyrone is the ,sinking ,valley1 named from the ,sinking ,creek1 an underground watercourse2 near is ,,birmingham1 with a pleasure ground1 where there are one hundred springs and a large cave2 a school for girls is here4 ,,altoona1 population #fj1cca2 altitude #aaga feet above sea level2 founded by the ,pennsylvania ,railroad in #ahej1 consists almost entirely of their shops and workmen's houses4 ,st4 ,luke's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church1 native stone1 first built in #aheh2 second building in #ahha1 using the same stone2 ,gothic1 ,f4 ,c4 ,withers1 ,new ,york1 architect2 has an ,english window1 also one by ,tiffany1 8,the ,resurrection10 exhibited in ,paris in #aijj2 memorial to ,almet ,e4 ,read1 ,esq42 brick rectory and school1 gift of ,general ,john ,watts ,de ,peyster1 as memorial to his daughter1 first school for advanced education in ,altoona4 ,in the ,logan ,house1 built1 #ahed1 by the ,pennsylvania ,railroad1 was held the conference of the loyal war governors in #ahfb1 namely1 ,a4 ,g4 ,curtin1 ,pennsylvania2 ,john ,a4 ,andrew1 ,massachusetts2 ,richard ,yates1 ,illinois2 ,israel ,washburn1 ,jr41 ,maine2 ,edward ,solomon1 ,wisconsin2 ,samuel ,j4 ,kirkwood1 ,iowa2 ,o4 ,p4 ,morton 7by ,d4 ,g4 ,ross1 his representative71 ,indiana2 ,william ,sprague1 ,rhode ,island2 ,f4 ,h4 ,pierpont1 ,virginia2 ,david ,tod1 ,ohio2 ,n4 ,s4 ,berry1 ,new ,hampshire2 ,austin ,blair1 ,michigan2 to devise ways and means for coperating with ,president ,lincoln in suppressing the ,rebellion4 ,king ,edward ,,vii1 as ,prince of ,wales1 stopped here4 ,on the ,william ,penn ,highway1 formerly an old portage road1 is site of an early historic hotel1 8,fountain ,inn10 mentioned by ,dickens in 8,american ,notes02 here ,william ,henry ,harrison stopped overnight on his way to ,washington in #ahda1 to be inaugurated ,president of the ,united ,states2 ,henry ,clay and ,jenny ,lind also stopped here4 ,near junction of ,sugar ,run with ,burgoon's ,run1 three miles south of ,altoona1 in #agha1 ,indians killed a number of militiamen from ,fetter's ,fort1 built in #agge1 by firing on them from ambush4 ,a monument dedicated in #aiji1 marks the place where the wife of ,matthew ,dean and three of their children were killed by ,indians in #aghh1 while he and the other children were working in the fields4 ,in ,blair ,county are also sites of ,fort ,roberdeau1 built1 #aggh1 and ,fort ,lowry1 #aggi1 unmarked4 ,magnificent views from ,nopsononock1 at summit of the ,alleghenies1 ,prospect ,hill1 and ,kittanning ,point1 where the ,pennsylvania ,railroad is carried around the famous ,horseshoe ,curve4 ,a little farther1 the ,pennsylvania ,railroad passes through a tunnel two-thirds of a mile long1 #bafj feet above sea level4 ,lakemont ,park is a noted place of scenic beauty near ,,hollidaysburg1 population #djga1 county seat1 laid out in #ahbj2 named for ,james ,adam ,holliday1 who lived here prior to the ,revolution4 ,courthouse1 ,romanesque2 built #ahgf-gg2 remodeled and enlarged in #aijf2 on grounds are jail1 feudal style1 architect1 ,john ,haviland1 and a ,soldiers' ,monument4 ,highland ,hall1 stone1 colonial doorway1 with beautiful grounds1 is now ,miss ,cowles' school for girls4 ,entrance to old ,presbyterian ,cemetery is a ,norman gate1 designed by ,price ,j4 ,mc,lanahan1 ,philadelphia1 hewn timbers1 held in place by bolts of wood1 supporting a red tiled roof4 ,main street is part of the old turnpike between ,philadelphia and ,pittsburgh1 shaded by beautiful old trees2 here in days of the canal1 in #ahcd1 boats met the ,portage ,railroad at foot of the ,alleghenies2 freight and passengers were carried over the mountain by inclined planes and stationary engines2 by this means travel from eastern ,pennsylvania was continued through the ,ohio ,river to the ,mississippi4 ,charles ,dickens took the trip over the mountain in #ahdb2 the ,allegheny ,portage ,railroad in boldness of design and difficulty of execution compared well with the passes of the ,simplon and ,mont ,cenis4 8,ant ,hill0 woods1 almost within town limits1 were said to be the only hills of the kind in this country2 they were written up in the ,century magazine by ,dr4 ,mc,cook2 a hill was taken to the ,academy of ,natural ,sciences1 ,philadelphia2 they are now level with the ground1 through vibration of the trolley4 ,less than a mile from town are 8,chimney ,rocks10 famous council chamber of the ,indians2 with view of unsurpassed beauty of the ,juniata ,valley1 old ,portage ,road1 and ,allegheny ,mountains4 ,on western slope1 much of the ,portage ,road is used for the highway2 the ,monumental ,arch is still standing4 ,,lx ,,sullivan ,,county ,formed ,march #ae1 #ahdg1 named for ,general ,john ,sullivan2 is noted for picturesque scenery1 mountains1 valleys1 lakes1 streams and waterfalls1 forests1 and distant views4 ,either the scenic ,williamsport and ,north ,branch ,railroad or the state highway1 that parallel each other and enter the county near ,muncy ,valley1 lead to beautiful ,eaglesmere1 #aijj feet above sea2 on ,lewis ,lake1 one and a half miles long1 one-half mile wide2 depth never definitely determined1 fed by subterranean waters4 ,about the shore1 tree bound1 with luxuriant growth of rhododendron and laurel1 and rock faced to deep water1 there are lovely nooks1 and a bathing beach of white sand at the northern end4 ,passing from ,eaglesmere through 8,celestia10 where the lands were deeded in #ahfd1 by ,peter ,e4 ,armstrong and wife1 to 8,almighty ,god0--the deed may be seen at the county courthouse--one comes to ,,laporte1 population #age2 highest and smallest county seat in ,pennsylvania1 #bjjj feet above sea level1 with its natural beauties1 including 8,lake ,mokoma10 is also an attractive summer resort4 ,it was laid out in #ahej1 by ,michael ,meylert1 who owned the land and built the first courthouse2 present building1 facing the park1 is ,romanesque2 brick2 beautiful ,lombardy poplar trees are in the yard4 ,within the last twelve years advanced civilization has penetrated into ,sullivan ,county in good state highways1 rural mail ,illustration3 ,,sullivan ,,county routes1 telephones1 and several borough and township high schools4 ,the streets of ,la,porte are wide and well kept1 and the park is in care of the ,ladies' ,village ,improvement ,society4 ,at the top of the mountain1 on the road toward ,sonestown1 is 8,fiester's ,view10 where the deep valley of ,muncy ,creek1 walled on the east by the towering ,north ,mountain1 #cjjj feet above tide1 near ,nordmont1 is beautiful beyond description4 ,at the junction of the ,big and ,little ,loyalsock ,creeks is the pretty little town of ,,forksville4 ,dr4 ,priestly purchased a large tract of land about here1 laid out roads1 and made many improvements4 ,four miles distant1 on the state highway toward ,hillsgrove1 on ,kings ,creek1 is ,lincoln ,falls1 a waterfall about #cj feet in height at the head of a gorge with perpendicular walls of rock1 varying from #ej to #hj feet in height4 ,a few deer1 quite a number of bear1 foxes1 rabbits1 and squirrels are in this county2 a state game preserve is in the southeast near ,jamison ,city4 ,there are some good trout streams1 and the lakes are well stocked with fish4 ,the most valuable industry is coal from the ,bernice coal fields in the east4 ,the production of hemlock tanned sole leather is important4 ,farm products and dairying are general4 ,illustration3 ,,forest ,,county ,,lxi ,,forest ,,county ,formed ,april #aa1 #ahdh2 named for its great variety of timber2 hemlock and pine1 east2 dense forests of deciduous trees west along the ,allegheny ,river4 ,game large and small abounds2 streams are full of brook trout4 ,atmosphere is fragrant with health-giving ozone1 strengthening the weak and restoring those affected with lung trouble4 ,chief industry is lumbering2 in western part agriculture1 and the growing of fine apples4 ,david ,zeisberger1 first white man in ,forest ,county1 came in #agfg1 ,moravian missionary to the ,monseys1 a wild and warlike tribe2 he stayed two years in their three villages1 ,goshgoshunk 7,holeman's ,flats71 ,sa-quelin-get1 ,place of ,council 7,tionesta7 and ,la-hun-ichannock1 ,meeting of the ,waters 7,east ,hickory71 and migrated with them to ,fort ,pitt4 ,after ,monseys1 came the ,senecas under ,cornplanter1 in #aggj4 ,first settler ,cyrus ,blood1 surveyor1 who cleared land for ,marienville1 first county seat1 and improved it4 8,the ,big ,level10 name of old state road1 #agbh feet above sea1 follows northeast from ,marienville to ,mount ,jewett1 ,mc,kean ,county1 roadbed compact and solid1 #ajj feet wide1 was first made in ,cyrus ,blood's time4 ,on this road is ,beaver ,meadows1 formerly a dam built by beavers1 which backed water over an area one and one-quarter miles long by one-eighth mile wide2 dam four and one-half feet high4 ,along the ,guitonville road toward ,marienville1 on a high plateau with two miles of straight1 natural1 firm roadbed1 is ,job's ,pinnacle1 from which is a fine distant view of ,tionesta ,valley2 a mile farther1 ,pisgah1 also a pinnacle1 is on ,salmon ,creek ,hill2 the whole hill is composed of magnetic iron ore1 on a sandstone foundation1 above shale and slate stratification2 in surveying1 the magnetic attraction is so great the needle is paralyzed2 it is a mass of rocks2 another magnetic iron ore hill is ,bald ,bluff1 where lightning strikes freely4 ,stony ,point1 back of ,salmon ,creek ,hill1 near ,newtown ,mills1 is the highest land2 scenery about here is so beautiful at the mouth of ,salmon ,creek1 that ,erion ,williams1 the early surveyor1 called it ,eden revived4 ,beautiful scenery is along the ,state road parallel with the ,sheffield ,tionesta ,railroad1 crossing a large iron bridge over ,tionesta ,creek at ,nebraska1 two miles farther1 over another iron bridge1 and three miles to ,ross ,run4 ,this land produces oil and gas in good quantities4 ,at ,kellettville1 on the ,tionesta1 pieces of ancient pottery have been exhumed1 showing that this was the home of a race older than the ,indians1 who had not made pottery in this section2 three miles above ,kellettville is a long sloping rock in the bed of ,tionesta ,creek1 8,panther ,rock10 where ,ebenezer ,kingsley1 a pioneer hunter1 shot many cougars2 state paid twenty dollars bounty for a panther1 twelve dollars for a wolf4 ,picturesque falls are on ,blue ,jay ,creek2 near its mouth is ,rocky ,city1 on ,tionesta ,creek1 a vast aggregation of rocks like tall towers1 with grand scenery1 nearly opposite is a prehistoric square hole forty feet deep1 no record of its formation4 ,,tionesta1 population #fdb1 county seat1 incorporated1 #aheb4 ,principal buildings1 ,courthouse on high ground in public square of two acres1 brick1 built #ahgj1 architect1 ,keene ,vaughn1 contains proof copy of 8,zeisberger preaching to the ,indians in ,forest ,county in #afgg10 engraved by ,john ,sartain1 with a volume of ,zeisberger's ,life and ,notes1 a gift from the ,pennsylvania ,historical ,society1 ,philadelphia2 and a receipt signed by ,david ,zeisberger1 framed in wood of the wild cherry tree under which1 legend says1 he originally preached2 also portraits of prominent men of ,forest ,county4 ,jail1 brick and stone1 in courthouse ground1 built by ,van ,dorn ,prison ,company1 ,cleveland1 ,ohio1 in #ahie4 ,the ,forest ,county ,national ,bank1 native stone1 ,romanesque1 built1 #ahii1 architect1 ,c4,m4 ,robinson1 ,altoona4 ,presbyterian ,church1 brick1 #aiaj1 on site of old wooden church1 built1 #ahea2 and ,methodist ,church1 brownstone1 built1 #aiji2 both contain memorial windows4 ,illustration3 ,,lawrence ,,county ,,lxii ,,lawrence ,,county ,formed ,march #bj1 #ahdi2 named for ,perry's flagship1 in the ,battle of ,lake ,erie1 which was named in honor of ,captain ,james ,lawrence1 ,united ,states ,navy4 ,lawrence was mortally wounded in the ,war of #ahab1 on the frigate ,chesapeake1 against the ,british ship ,shannon2 as he was carried below he said3 8,don't give up the ship40 ,chiefly settled by ,scotch-,irish4 ,the old canal to ,lake ,erie1 built in #ahcc1 went through center of the county1 and did much to develop the resources--bituminous coal1 iron ore1 and limestone4 ,chief industries1 manufactories and agriculture4 ,many beautiful drives are all through the county in every direction4 ,the ,moravian missionaries1 ,david ,zeisberger and ,gottlob ,senseman1 were the first white men who dwelt here1 long before the county was formed2 they migrated with the ,indians from ,bradford ,county1 through ,forest ,county1 and were the greatest missionary power to them4 ,they were visited by ,glikkikin1 a renowned warrior of great eloquence1 who with his escort1 purposely tried to refute the doctrines of ,christianity2 they were received by ,anthony1 a native convert1 who treated them courteously and made such an impressive speech on ,christian doctrine that he astonished the visitors2 ,zeisberger1 coming in then1 confirmed his words1 and ,glikkikin1 instead of delivering his speech1 replied3 8,i have nothing to say4 ,i believe your words40 ,on return to his town1 he advised the savages to go hear the ,gospel2 he made them another visit1 informed them that he had determined to embrace ,christianity1 and invited them1 in the name of his chief1 ,packauke1 to settle on land on ,beaver ,river1 near his town ,kaskasknk1 now ,new ,castle2 this land was to be for the exclusive use of the mission4 ,the offer was accepted1 and on ,april #ag1 #aggj1 they left ,oil ,creek in fifteen canoes2 in three days they reached ,fort ,pitt1 proceeded down the ,ohio to ,beaver ,river1 and ascended that river to the locality given1 now ,moravia1 passing an ,indian village1 near present ,newport1 of women1 all single and pledged never to marry4 ,when encamped1 they sent an embassy1 ,zeisberger1 and ,abraham1 a native1 to ,packauke1 who were received by the chief at his own house2 he gave them welcome and pledged protection2 they built houses1 cleared land1 planted1 and prepared for winter4 ,the ,indians began to visit them1 the ,monseys from ,goshgoshnk were the first to cast their lot with the ,christian ,indians2 ,glikkikin soon came and became a ,christian force4 ,finally the ,monseys adopted ,zeisberger into their tribe2 the ceremony took place at ,kaskasknk2 they invested him with all the rights and privileges of a ,monsey2 this proved a complete triumph and was the source of much good influence among ,indians4 ,white settlers began to come after ,wayne's ,treaty of ,greenville1 in #agie4 ,,new ,,castle1 county seat1 incorporated as a city in #ahfi1 population #dd1ich1 was laid out1 at the junction of the ,shenango1 ,neshannock1 and ,mahoning ,rivers1 where they form the ,beaver ,river1 in #agih1 by ,john ,c4 ,stewart from ,new ,castle1 ,delaware4 ,it has natural gas1 fine churches1 schools1 public buildings1 bridges1 and many beautiful residences1 including that of ,ex-,lieutenant ,governor ,william ,m4 ,brown1 on the ,north ,hill4 ,courthouse1 colonial1 built in #aheb1 in spacious grounds1 on a hill in east part of the city4 ,the first ,methodist ,episcopal ,church has a memorial window to ,ira ,d4 ,sankey1 the singing evangelist1 who was born and lived here2 subject1 8,ninety and ,nine02 maker1 ,sellars1 ,new ,york2 also ,hofmann's 8,christ0 in stained glass4 ,high school1 brick1 of best school construction1 well lighted2 has reproductions on the walls of fine works of art4 ,the ,oak ,park ,cemetery has some beautiful memorials4 ,this is one of the manufacturing communities of western ,pennsylvania1 which form the greatest industrial district in the world2 within a radius of sixty miles of ,new ,castle1 the annual tonnage is over #bjj1jjj1jjj1 while the combined annual tonnage in and out of ,liverpool1 ,london1 ,hamburg1 ,suez ,canal1 and ,new ,york is #aaf1jjj1jjj4 ,the ,american ,sheet and ,tin ,plate ,mill is said to be the largest in the world2 they constructed a miniature playground for the only exhibit sent from ,new ,castle to the ,panama-,pacific ,exposition in #aiae2 it showed the kind of humanitarian work done by the company1 and was representative of this city1 where the playground has done a vast amount of good among the foreign population employed in the immense furnaces2 engineering works2 and the great cement plants making #ejjj barrels of ,portland cement daily4 ,the ,united ,states ,steel ,corporation1 ,carnegie ,steel ,company1 maintains children's playgrounds1 with a moving picture theatre1 average attendance #ahjj children daily2 ,the 8,rosena0 blast furnace yard is kept like a park in grass1 flower beds1 and neatness4 ,cascade ,park has great natural beauty4 ,a part of the beautiful ,slippery ,rock is in the southeast of this county4 ,at ,mount ,jackson is ,battery ,b ,monument in honor of the ,round ,head ,regiment4 ,,new ,,wilmington1 population #hhfa1 has ,westminster ,college1 under ,united ,presbyterian administration2 near here was the ,mc,kinley blast furnace1 owned and operated by ,president ,mc,kinley's father4 ,his son worked here as a boy4 ,,lxiii ,,fulton ,,county ,formed ,april #ai1 #ahej1 named for ,robert ,fulton4 ,the ,tuscarora ,mountains rise like a huge barrier on the eastern boundary1 with numerous other ridges and peaks4 ,streams that flow into the ,potomac ,river are largely fed by splendid limestone springs4 ,from the ,susquehanna to the ,ohio ,river the scenery cannot be surpassed for picturesque beauty2 far sweeping valleys1 rugged mountains1 grand forests1 form a constantly changing panorama4 ,it is both beautiful and historic4 ,the ,chambersburg and ,pittsburgh ,turnpike1 built in #ahad-ae1 now the ,lincoln ,highway1 was first an old ,indian trail from ,harrisburg1 through ,fort ,louden1 ,clinton ,county1 and westward to ,bedford1 crossing the center of the county4 ,in the days following ,braddock's defeat in #agee1 this region became the arena in which the red warrior of the forests and the white frontiersman fought to the death4 ,not a valley1 creek1 nor mountain range1 site of modern city or town1 but what was the scene of thrilling events1 some of which influence the world for all time4 ,early settlers were ,scotch-,irish1 on the ,aughwick1 and in the great cove4 ,chief industries1 iron ore1 bituminous coal1 and agriculture4 ,dickey's ,mountain1 in the southeast1 is rich in hematite and fossil ores4 ,,mcconnellsburg1 county seat2 population #fhi2 land granted to ,william and ,daniel ,mc,connell by ,illustration3 ,,fulton ,,county warrant in #agfb1 is in the heart of the great cove2 it was laid out in #aghf1 and in #ahcj was one of the most important stopping places on the old turnpike4 ,here1 from #ahbg-dg were the ,hanover ,iron ,works1 two furnaces1 and two forges1 that used hematite ore1 mined from ,lowry's ,knob1 one mile distant4 ,it is said that no territory of equal extent in this state is so rich in iron ore as is ,fulton ,county4 ,fort ,littleton in the north was one of a chain of government forts from the east to ,fort ,pitt4 ,,burnt ,,cabins1 on the old state road1 was named because of the burning of the cabins of early settlers near here by the provincial authorities4 ,it is said that ,fulton ,county contributed more men to the ,civil ,war1 in proportion1 than any other county in ,pennsylvania4 ,illustration3 ,,montour ,,county ,,lxiv ,,montour ,,county ,formed ,may #c1 #ahej2 named for ,catharine ,montour2 surface hilly2 traversed by several barren ridges4 ,muncy ,hills lie along the northwest border1 while down the river for miles stretches the ,montour ,ridge1 furnishing quantities of best iron ore2 there is also finest limestone2 and much fertile land1 drained by the ,chillisquaque and ,mahoning creeks4 ,chief industries are iron and steel production1 and manufactories4 ,here1 it is said1 the first 8,t0 rail was made1 in #ahdd1 and the first cannon in the ,united ,states1 made of anthracite iron1 was cast at the foundry in #ahdb4 ,,danville1 county seat2 population #fieb2 was settled in #agij2 beautifully located1 it nestles between ,bald ,top and ,blue ,hill4 ,mahoning ,creek1 named after a tribe of ,indians who peopled this part of the country1 flows through the town1 which is built on part of the tract of land surveyed on warrant of ,john ,penn to ,john ,lukens1 ,surveyor ,general of the ,united ,states1 dated1 ,january #ca1 #agfi4 ,a bridge built by the state in #aijd is one-quarter mile long and connects ,montour with ,northumberland ,county2 at its entrance is ,river ,front ,park1 laid out in #aiab1 with concrete walks1 flower beds1 and fountain4 ,market ,street ,park1 center of town1 has an electrically lighted fountain4 ,memorial ,park1 a beautiful knoll1 was formerly the burial ground of the ,presbyterian ,church2 in #aijh it was laid out as a park with flower beds1 and is kept up by the council and public-spirited citizens2 the ,soldiers' ,monument is here1 with two cannon of the ,civil ,war near4 ,courthouse1 ,georgian1 built in #ahga4 ,jail built1 #ahib1 architect1 ,j4 ,h4 ,brugler1 has modern equipment1 and for months at a time is empty4 ,among the fifteen churches1 the most notable in architecture is ,christ ,memorial1 ,protestant ,episcopal1 fourteenth century1 ,english ,gothic2 massive architecture1 native limestone of varied tints1 with ,ohio stone for the traceried windows4 ,the ,thomas ,beaver ,free ,library4 ,young ,men's ,christian ,association with gymnasium and swimming pool2 ,george ,f4 ,geisinger ,memorial ,hospital2 and ,state ,hospital for the ,insane1 constructed by ,s4 ,s4 ,schultz1 ,m4,d41 corner-stone laid by ,governor ,geary in #ahfi1 are all important buildings1 among the best equipped and most modern in the state4 ,,washingtonville is site of ,fort ,bossley1 on the ,chillisquaque ,creek4 ,,lxv ,,snyder ,,county ,formed ,march #b1 #ahee1 named for ,hon4 ,simon ,snyder1 ,governor of ,pennsylvania1 #ahjh-ag2 three terms2 noted as the first governor to urge legislation for free public schools2 he was the great war governor of #ahab2 served in the ,assembly from #aghi-ahjh1 and was speaker of the ,house from #ahjb-jh2 he lived at ,selinsgrove4 ,from end of ,northumberland ,bridge1 built by ,theodore ,burr in #ahad1 on ,west ,branch of the ,susquehanna2 the road leading south to ,selinsgrove passes ,blue ,hill1 noted for beautiful scenery4 ,on top was formerly ,hotel ,shikellimy1 burned in #ahie2 on one of the rocks overhanging is a natural profile named for ,shikellimy1 who sauntered about here4 ,farther on is a single arch stone bridge2 for half a mile1 beginning at this bridge1 is a state road built by the ,commonwealth of ,pennsylvania4 ,governor ,pennypacker handled the first shovel of dirt in #aijd2 it was laid out first by ,james ,f4 ,linn in #ahbi1 has since been extended4 ,,selinsgrove1 first settlers1 in #agee1 were all killed by ,indians1 laid out by and named for ,anthony ,selin in #ahbg1 population #aicg2 ,governor ,snyder mansion1 built by himself in #ahaf1 is near center of town1 colonial1 massive stone walls1 with arched door ten feet high and large side porch1 in well kept grounds4 ,due west from ,selinsgrove1 towards ,middleburg1 is ,susquehanna ,university1 formerly ,missionary ,institute2 ,illustration3 ,,snyder ,,county collegiate and theological courses1 six large and several small buildings2 main building1 ,selinsgrove ,hall1 was built in #ahei1 ,gustavus ,adolphus ,hall in #ahie1 contains collection of forty-two pictures of ,gustavus ,adolphus1 also brass memorial tablet to the men appointed in #ahef1 by the ,evangelical ,lutheran ,synod of ,maryland1 to organize the ,missionary ,institute2 the buildings contain portraits of ,governor ,simon ,snyder1 members of the faculty1 and other ,lutheran clergymen2 on the campus is a granite ,celtic cross1 marking grave of the founder1 ,benjamin ,kurtz1 ,d4,d41 ,,ll4,d42 in the old ,lutheran ,cemetery is grave of ,governor ,snyder1 ,quincy granite monument1 surmounted with his bust1 life size1 erected by the state in #ahhe4 ,two miles west is ,,salem2 ,row's ,church1 log1 built1 #aghj1 modernized in #ahig4 ,in ,,kreamer is the old brick hotel used for special sessions of court before #ahee1 for cases in immediate neighborhood2 a short distance in the field stands the old block house1 erected before #agha1 where white settlers gathered in defense against ,indians4 ,one mile farther west1 in #agha1 ,indians killed five members of the ,stock family4 ,ten miles west from ,selinsgrove is ,,middleburg1 county seat2 #dih feet above sea level2 population #ihd2 laid out in #ahjj4 ,in ,glendale ,cemetery is grave of ,hon4 ,george ,kreamer1 nephew of ,governor ,snyder1 and member of the ,legislature1 #ahab-ac2 member of ,congress1 #ahbc-bg2 also grave of ,captain ,frederick ,evans1 member of ,state ,legislature1 #ahaj-aa1 a defender of ,fort ,mc,henry1 ,baltimore1 where1 in #ahad1 the 8,star-,spangled ,banner0 was written by ,francis ,scott ,key4 ,on the banks of ,stump's ,run is shaft monument to soldiers and sailors of this country who fought in the different wars2 erected in #aijd1 by county commissioners2 ,soldiers' ,memorial ,building1 open to the public1 is near the ,lutheran ,church2 it was dedicated #aijh2 interior lined with marble1 names of all soldiers and sailors of ,snyder ,county are preserved within its walls1 ,john ,f4 ,stetler1 architect4 ,wooden bridge across ,middle ,creek1 in good repair1 is said to have been built in #ahjh by ,john ,aurand4 ,two miles west of town are the ,hassinger ,lutheran ,churches1 ,general ,council east1 present building erected in #ahga1 third on original site1 first building in #aghe2 a split occurred1 and the ,general ,synod members built1 in #aghb1 a quarter mile west2 present church1 in #aiae4 ,almost due south is ,,paxtonville1 #eaj feet above sea level2 has wooden bridge over ,middle ,creek1 built in #ahea1 ,john ,bilger1 builder2 and ruins of ,beaver blast furnace1 once busiest industry in ,middle ,creek ,valley1 erected by ,hon4 ,ner ,middleswarth1 the ,kern ,brothers and ,john ,c4 ,wilson1 #ahdh-ef2 it was operated until #ahff1 power secured from a #bjj-;foot head of water1 running over two overshot wheels1 one over the other4 ,westward is farm of ,ner ,feese on which gold and silver were discovered4 ,,beavertown2 population #ebe2 #fea feet2 originally ,swifttown1 named for ,john ,swift1 who had the land patented in #agfj2 was residence of ,hon4 ,ner ,middleswarth from #agib2 he was relected thirteen times member of ,legislature1 twice speaker of the ,house--in #ahbh and #ahcf2 member of ,congress1 #ahec-ee2 his last public service was that of associate judge4 ,,beaver ,,springs1 elevation #eia feet1 laid out in #ahjf1 early chief industry1 ore mines4 ,scenic beauty from ,shade ,mountain1 a long ridge1 summit near ,beaver ,springs1 #afgb feet above sea level4 ,,mcclure1 six miles west1 is where folding houses are manufactured2 the largest ever made was produced here1 and shipped to ,south ,america4 ,illustration3 ,,cameron ,,county ,,lxvi ,,cameron ,,county ,formed ,march #bi1 #ahfj2 named in honor of ,hon4 ,simon ,cameron1 state senator at that time4 ,situated among the spurs of the ,alleghenies1 altitude varies from #gid feet to #bajj feet above sea level4 ,the ,sinnemahoning ,creek and its tributaries drain three quarters of the county into the ,susquehanna2 along these waters1 roads were cut and towns built for the extensive early lumbering and tanning operations2 primeval forests of hemlock1 oak1 cherry1 elm1 and some of the finest white pine in the state4 ,beds of coal and fire clay still await development4 ,salt spring and a mineral spring of rare medicinal value are near ,,sizerville4 ,the county is now largely given up to the manufacture of high explosives1 nitro-gelatine1 smokeless powder1 gun cotton1 picric acid2 in #aiae there was a merger of four powder companies who created a plant of vast proportions1 over one hundred buildings1 extending from the edge of ,emporium1 for over a mile1 along the banks of ,driftwood ,creek4 ,,emporium1 county seat2 population #cjcf2 incorporated #ahfa2 altitude #ajca feet above sea level2 first settled in #ahaa1 as ,shippen1 name changed through deference to an old tradition2 in #aghe1 an agent of the ,holland ,land ,company1 owning large territories in ,pennsylvania and ,new ,york1 removed the bark from a tree where the town now stands1 and carved the word1 8,emporium40 ,a typical mountain town1 the streets follow the winding way of ,driftwood ,stream1 or climb the mountain side where magnificent views of scenic grandeur await the beholder4 ,best architecture1 the ,episcopal ,church1 brown stone1 ,english chapel design1 ,cram ,ferguson1 of ,boston1 architects1 built in #aija2 other denominations have modern brick buildings4 ,the large brick courthouse1 built1 #ahij1 is in a park on the hillside1 overlooking the town2 in the grounds is monument to soldiers of the ,civil ,war4 ,,cameron1 in #ahhi1 one hundred coke ovens1 8beehive0 design1 were built here to coke the coal in the near-by hills1 for the blast furnace at ,emporium2 now abandoned1 and today mountain wild flowers blossom along the row of silent hearths4 ,,sterling ,,run2 in this quaint village belongs the honor of the first church in the county1 ,presbyterian1 8,the ,pine ,street ,church10 erected in #ahbf1 so-called in consequence of the old ,pine ,street ,church1 ,philadelphia1 contributing funds to pay the workmen and buy the windows2 the lumber and much of the construction being donated by the pioneers2 built of hewn pine logs1 chinked with plaster of moss and mud1 and fastened with hand-wrought nails1 this little chapel endures1 while those who shaped it sleep in the little churchyard at its threshold4 ,,driftwood1 near the 8,crescent10 a half moon shaped mountain forming sides of the valley for nearly three points of the compass2 claims the first settlement by white man within the county1 in #ahjd2 in the center of the village1 facing the ,sinnemahoning ,creek1 is the 8,bucktail0 ,monument1 in memory of ,cameron's sons who fought for the ,union1 erected by the state in #aijh1 inscription1 8,from this town1 on ,april #bg1 #ahfa1 the ,cameron1 ,elk and ,mc,kean ,county ,rifles1 under leadership of ,thomas ,l4 ,kane1 afterwards ,commanding ,officer of the ,regiment1 later a ,major-,general1 embarked on four rafts for ,harrisburg1 where they were mustered into the service of the ,state1 and formed the nucleus1 about which the ,bucktail ,regiment of the ,pennsylvania ,reserve ,corps was organized2 which during its time of service1 was almost continuously attached to the army of the ,potomac40 ,,sinnemahoning 7,stony-lick71 site of an ,indian village called 8,the ,lodge10 the battle ground of ,peter ,grove1 famous ,indian fighter1 a picturesquely beautiful spot4 ,here were born the beautiful ,clafflin sisters1 ,lady ,cook 7,tennesee ,clafflin71 and ,mrs4 ,martin ,woodhull 7,victoria ,clafflin71 now a wealthy philanthropist in ,england2 their father1 ,buckman ,clafflin1 a pioneer1 opened the first store in the county in #ahbi4 ,illustration3 ,,lackawanna ,,county ,,lxvii ,,lackawanna ,,county ,formed ,august #ac1 #ahgh2 named for the great ,lackawanna coal basin2 an ,indian word1 signifying 8,the ,forks of a ,stream40 ,chief industry1 anthracite coal mining1 confined to the long-depressed trough forming the ,lackawanna ,valley and to the mountains bordering it on both sides1 with ,bald ,mountain1 in ,lackawanna ,range1 #bbej feet high1 and ,big ,stoney among the ,moosic ,mountains1 #bbcj feet4 ,originally settled by ,connecticut people who disputed the right of ,pennsylvania to jurisdiction2 life and growth have been the result of the coal-mining industry1 which brought into it large numbers of ,welsh1 ,irish1 ,german1 ,english1 and ,scotch1 whose descendants dominate the region2 latterly have come ,polish1 ,slavs1 ,italians1 and ,lithuanians1 a heterogeneous but rapidly assimilating mining population4 ,the mining of anthracite coal began at ,carbondale in the early twenties2 the old ,no4 #a plane is marked with monument and tablets2 coal was taken over the ,moosic ,mountains to ,honesdale1 ,wayne ,county1 by steep inclined planes1 up which the loaded cars were drawn by ropes or cables1 and the empty cars let down2 thence by canal to ,roundout1 on the ,hudson2 on the levels1 between planes1 cars were drawn by horses2 later a descending grade was given to the tracks over which the cars ran by gravity2 a similar gravity railroad near ,scranton1 carried coal to the ,delaware ,hudson ,canal at ,hawley1 below ,honesdale1 both now abandoned for steam roads4 ,the country northwest has well-cultivated farm lands2 that1 southeast1 blends with the ,pocono ,highlands1 is wild and picturesque2 an almost unbroken wilderness for thirty miles1 excepting along the line of the ,delaware1 ,lackawanna ,western ,railroad2 on both sides of this road are good highways2 the main road1 the whole length of the valley1 is exceptionally fine4 ,the road from ,gouldsboro ,station was built by ,jay ,gould1 #ahee1 when he was interested with ,mr4 ,pratt in a tannery at ,gouldsboro 7now ,thornhurst74 ,at ,carbondale1 crossing ,moosic ,mountains1 is road to ,honesdale1 following the line of the old ,delaware ,hudson gravity road2 at ,dundaff1 about five miles north of ,carbondale1 this road runs along the edge of ,crystal ,lake1 near are the ,twin ,knobs of ,elk ,hill1 about #bejj feet high4 ,a point of geologic interest is the ,archbald ,pot ,hole1 said to be largest of the kind in this country2 a cylindrical hole twenty feet deep1 by thirty feet wide1 eroded in the ice age through the overlying rocks down to the coal measures4 ,,scranton1 county seat1 population #acg1ghc2 laid out on site of an ,indian village1 ,muncy ,tribe2 began as an iron town2 iron in large quantities was found in the hills three miles south of the city1 and a suitable quality of limestone was also supposed to exist there2 but the coal business superseded2 the old ore mine1 and abandoned road to furnaces at ,scranton1 are of historic and picturesque interest4 ,the courthouse1 on ,washington ,avenue near center of town1 stands in a square of ground1 ,romanesque1 ,west ,mountain stone1 built #ahha-hd1 architect1 ,s4 ,g4 ,perry4 ,st4 ,luke's ,protestant ,episcopal ,church4 ,wyoming ,avenue near ,linden ,street1 ,gothic1 ,west ,mountain stone1 built #ahff-ga1 architect1 ,r4 ,m4 ,upjohn1 ,new ,york2 contains ,tiffany mosaic panel1 back of font1 8,baptism of ,christ10 also ,tiffany window in chancel1 8,the ,ascension40 ,st4 ,peter's ,cathedral1 at corner of ,wyoming ,avenue and ,linden1 ,italian ,renaissance1 brick1 built1 #ahff1 architect1 ,joel ,amsden2 remodeled #ahhc by ,durand1 ,philadelphia4 ,administration ,building of the ,international ,correspondence ,schools1 ,wyoming ,avenue between ,vine and ,mulberry ,streets1 ,gothic1 ,west ,mountain stone1 built in #ahih2 architect1 ,w4 ,scott ,collins2 window by ,kenyon ,cox1 made in #ahih1 8,science ,instructing ,industry40 ,the ,scranton ,public ,library 7,albright ,memorial7 is placed as an accent of beauty1 corner of ,washington ,avenue and ,vine ,street1 ,french chateau style1 fifteenth and sixteenth centuries1 after ,cluny ,museum1 ,paris2 gray ,indiana limestone and brown ,madina stone laid in coursed ashlar1 built in #ahic2 architects1 ,green ,wicks1 ,buffalo1 ,new ,york2 contains portraits of ,joseph ,j4 ,albright1 painted in #aijb1 artist1 ,bayard ,henry ,tyler2 and of ,john ,j4 ,albright1 artist1 ,chartrain1 ,france2 stained glass windows are illustrative of celebrated book bindings in the past2 a marble mosaic floor is in the entrance hall4 ,second ,presbyterian ,church1 ,jefferson ,avenue between ,vine and ,mulberry ,streets1 ,romanesque2 ,west1 ,mountain stone1 built #ahhe2 has ,tiffany windows1 8,charity0 and 8,hope40 ,madison ,avenue ,synagogue1 near ,vine ,street2 ,byzantine1 ,west ,mountain stone1 built #aijb1 architect1 ,george ,w4 ,kramer1 ,new ,york4 ,first ,presbyterian ,church1 corner of ,madison ,avenue and ,olive ,street1 perpendicular ,gothic1 ,indiana limestone2 built #aijc1 architect1 ,holden1 ,new ,york2 windows by ,john ,la ,farge1 8,the ,woman at the ,well02 and by ,tiffany1 8,the ,ascension02 ,tiffany mosaic1 8,pentecost40 ,immanuel ,baptist ,church1 corner of ,jefferson ,avenue and ,mulberry ,street1 ,gothic1 ,hummelstown redstone1 built #aiji1 architect1 ,edward ,langley1 ,scranton4 ,elm ,park ,church1 corner of ,linden and ,jefferson ,streets1 ,romanesque1 ,west ,mountain stone1 built #ahib1 architect1 ,george ,w4 ,kramer4 ,lackawanna ,railroad ,station1 ,lackawanna and ,jefferson ,avenues1 ,renaissance1 ,indiana limestone1 granite base1 built #aiji1 architects1 ,kenneth ,murchison1 ,new ,york1 and ,edward ,langley2 has interior finishings of ,grueby tiles2 and mosaic mural panels of views along the ,lackawanna ,railroad4 ,the ,everhart ,museum of ,natural ,history1 ,science and ,art1 in ,nay ,aug ,park1 south end of ,milberry ,street1 given by the late ,dr4 ,i4 ,f4 ,everhart1 and sustained by generous endowment2 ,renaissance1 terra-cotta1 built #aijh1 architects1 ,blackwood ,nelson2 contains also the ,hollister collection of ,indian curios4 ,much natural beauty centers about the water supply system of the ,scranton ,gas and ,water ,company1 which has over ten miles of fine driveways1 including the road to top of ,mount ,anonymous1 overlooking the lake2 and ,long ,swamp ,drive and roads up about ,scrub ,oak ,mountain4 ,,books ,,used ,,as ,,reference1 ,,and ,,contributed ,,articles ,american ,art ,annual ,f4 ,n4 ,levy4 ,annals ,j4 ,f4 ,watson ,automobile ,blue ,book ,colonial ,doorways ,a4 ,h4 ,wharton ,early ,pietists ,j4 ,sachse ,fairmount ,park ,c4 ,s4 ,keyser ,forges and ,furnaces ,colonial ,dames ,guide ,book to ,historic ,germantown ,c4 ,f4 ,jenkins ,hikes for ,boy ,scouts of ,america ,charles ,d4 ,hart ,historic ,excursions ,j4 ,campbell ,history of ,pennsylvania ,egle ,indian ,trails ,g4 ,p4 ,donehoo ,list of ,sites ,william ,j4 ,campbell ,music ,f4 ,i4 ,brock ,our ,philadelphia ,j4 and ,e4 ,r4 ,pennell ,pennsylvania ,primer ,barr ,ferree ,philadelphia ,sharf ,westcott ,philadelphia ,firsts ,w4 ,i4 ,rutter1 ,jr4 ,philadelphia ,streets ,j4 ,jackson ,population ,u4 ,s4 ,census for #aibj ,story of ,philadelphia ,l4 ,j4 ,rhoads ,the ,keystone ,pennypacker ,united ,states ,baedeker ,washington's ,itinerary ,william ,s4 ,baker ,many ,county ,histories and ,historic ,reports4