,the ,,wright ,,brothers 8,as scientists1 they discovered the secret of flight4 ,as inventors1 builders and flyers1 they brought aviation to the world40 ,on ,december #ag1 #aijc1 at ,kitty ,hawk1 ,north ,carolina1 the first power-driven heavier-than-air machine ever to achieve sustained flight rose from its starting track and in #ab seconds soared through the air for a distance of #abj feet4 ,short as this flight was1 it nevertheless marked the beginning of man's conquest of the air4 ,orville ,wright was at the controls2 ,wilbur ,wright balanced the machine at the take-off4 ,this picture records for posterity an epochal event witnessed by just seven men1 the ,wright brothers themselves and five others who1 more than they knew1 stood that day on the threshold of history4 ,illustration3 ,the first flight at ,kitty ,hawk1 ,n4 ,c41 ,december #ag1 #aijc4 ,illustration3 uncaptioned ,the ,age of ,flight1 with its miracle of service1 began in an obscure little bicycle shop in ,dayton1 ,ohio4 ,here two devoted brothers1 working amid tires1 wheels and air pumps1 dreamed that man could fly in a heavier-than-air machine4 ,the names of these two brothers who wrote themselves indelibly into history1 were ,wilbur and ,orville ,wright4 ,the story of the ,wright brothers is an inspiring narrative of success4 ,wilbur and ,orville combined to a rare degree the searching intelligence of the scientist1 the ability to visualize of the inventor1 and the practical craftsmanship of the builder4 ,in addition they had great personal courage4 ,the ,wright brothers were by no means the first who sought the secret of flight4 ,particularly in ,europe1 able men had delved deep and risked much in the effort to fly like a bird4 ,certain theories of aerodynamics had been developed and were generally accepted as accurate4 ,one of the major setbacks to the hopes of the ,wrights was the discovery1 through their own experiments1 that these previously accepted theories were incorrect4 ,this meant that they had to start from the beginning and develop their own tables of air pressures4 ,two developments of the ,wrights made it possible to build an aeroplane that would fly4 ,one was a crude wind tunnel and the other was an ingenious set of balances made out of old hack saw blades and bicycle spokes4 ,with these comparatively crude instruments1 they compiled data which made flight possible4 ,in the months and years following their first flights1 the ,wrights were acclaimed by nations and by men4 ,they knew success in the fullest measure4 ,but probably no subsequent achievement quite equaled the thrill which must have been theirs when they were able to send to their father and sister that now famous message3 8,success four flights ,thursday morning all against twenty-one-mile wind started from level with engine power alone average speed through air thirty-one miles longest #ei seconds inform press home ,christmas40 ,an idea is born ,illustration3 ,the shop of the ,wright ,cycle ,company on ,west ,third ,street in ,dayton 444 birthplace of the aeroplane4 ,the ,wright brothers sprang from pioneers who settled ,dayton when the ,ohio country was young4 ,their father1 the ,reverend ,milton ,wright1 became a bishop of the ,united ,brethren ,church4 ,his vocation necessitated frequent changes of residence4 ,thus it came about that ,wilbur was born ,april #af1 #ahfg1 on a farm eight miles from ,newcastle1 ,indiana1 while ,orville was born in a house at #g ,hawthorn ,street in ,dayton4 ,this house was the ,wright home for more than forty years4 ,from earliest childhood1 the boys were mechanically minded4 ,they had both the inclination and the aptitude for creative work4 ,the pioneering urge and the gift of original thinking were theirs4 ,illustration3 ,an issue of the 8,west ,side ,news10 an early ,wright venture4 ,one day the ,bishop came home from a short trip1 bringing the children a present4 ,he held something in his hands and then tossed it toward them4 ,it was a toy helicopter4 ,instead of flopping to the floor1 it ascended to the ceiling where it fluttered before it fell4 ,that helicopter set up a milepost in the lives of the ,wright boys4 ,the idea of their future conquest of the air1 in all likelihood1 was born then and there4 ,illustration3 ,wilbur ,wright in the bicycle shop1 #ahig4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright1 in white shirt1 at work in shop4 ,at an early age they began to fly kites4 ,they became interested successively in wood cuts1 printing and photography4 ,the urge for invention was strong in them4 ,wilbur got a job folding the entire issue of an eight-page church paper4 ,when he found the handwork tiring and tedious1 he designed and built a machine that did the folding4 ,illustration3 ,the house on ,hawthorn ,street1 home of the ,wrights for #dj years and now re-erected in ,greenfield ,village in ,dearborn1 ,michigan4 ,orville was no less enterprising4 ,when he was #ae1 he entered into a partnership with ,ed ,sines1 a neighbor boy1 and launched the printing firm of ,sines and ,wright4 ,the plant was located in a corner of the ,sines kitchen4 ,one of their first ventures was to print a little paper called 8,the ,midget40 ,illustration3 ,one of the ,wrights' first efforts to measure the effect of air pressure was this horizontal bicycle wheel mounted on one of their own bicycles and equipped with two metal vanes4 ,this bicycle was placed in the ,park through the co-operation of the family of the late ,frank ,miller1 former ,superintendent of ,dayton ,schools4 ,later ,orville started a weekly newspaper called the 8,west ,side ,news40 ,wilbur joined him as an editorial writer4 ,these publications and others which followed were printed on a press which the ,wright boys designed and built4 ,in #ahib came the enterprise that was to provide the setting for1 and the approach to1 the supreme adventure with which the names of the ,wright brothers are associated4 ,the boys became absorbed in bicycles4 ,orville became interested in track racing and participated in several events4 ,in their enthusiasm the boys decided to go into the bicycle business4 ,after embarking on bicycle selling they discovered they must have a repair shop4 ,punctures provided the bulk of their business1 with free air as a side issue4 ,the first shop of what became the ,wright ,cycle ,company was at #ajje ,west ,third ,street4 ,business increased to such an extent that the ,wrights moved to ,south ,williams ,street4 ,here they began to manufacture bicycles4 ,their first model was called the ,van ,cleve1 named after one of their pioneer ,dayton ancestors4 ,continued expansion of the business necessitated a move to #aabg ,west ,third ,street4 ,this was the shop linked with the birth and development of aviation4 ,it was here that ,wilbur and ,orville not only dreamed of flying but practically built the first plane4 ,a hint of what the future had in store came one day when the brothers were discussing what was then the new-fangled horseless carriage4 ,since it was an original idea1 it appealed to them4 ,orville suggested that they might engage in the automobile business4 8,no10 replied ,wilbur1 8you'd be tackling the impossible4 ,why1 it would be easier to build a flying machine40 ,illustration3 ,a replica of the ,wrights' original wind tunnel which secured its pressure from a fan mounted on the shaft of an old grinding wheel4 ,the first active interest in flying that the ,wrights displayed developed in #ahie when they read about the glider experiments being carried out by ,otto ,lilienthal in ,germany4 ,they now began to read everything they could lay hands on that bore on the attempts of man to fly1 going back to the days of the great ,leonardo da ,vinci4 ,they wrote to the ,smithsonian ,institution for a list of books on the subject4 ,the germ of flying now entered their systems1 never to be eradicated4 ,the ,wrights went thoroughly into the problem of gliders4 ,after ,lilienthal had been killed while gliding1 the brothers discovered that neither he nor any other man who glided had an adequate method of insuring lateral balance4 ,in seeking the solution to this problem1 ,orville worked out a theory for the operation to vary the inclination of sections of the wings1 thereby obtaining force for restoring balance4 ,thus he hit upon a fundamental principle which became a claim in the original ,wright patent4 ,illustration3 ,one of the most valued possessions of the ,wrights1 a balance made of hacksaw blades4 ,with this balance they evolved their own tables of air pressure which eventually enabled them to fly4 ,the original balance is in ,franklin ,institute1 ,philadelphia2 this replica is in ,wright ,hall1 ,carillon ,park4 ,illustration3 ,many glider flights at ,kitty ,hawk preceded the first attempt to fly in a power-driven plane4 ,here the ,wrights are flying a glider as a kite1 controlling it from the ground4 ,later flights were made in man-carrying gliders4 ,the brothers now began to study wing structure1 but hit upon many difficulties4 ,a simple incident set them on the right track4 ,in selling a customer an inner tube for a tire1 ,wilbur had taken the tube from the pasteboard box and was idly twisting the box back and forth as he talked to the customer4 ,in doing so he noticed that although the vertical sides remained rigid at the ends1 the top and bottom sides could be twisted so that they made different angles at the opposite ends4 ,he immediately wondered why the wings of a gliding machine could not be warped from one end to the other in this same way4 ,in this way the wings could be put at a greater angle at one side than the other and there would be no structural weakness4 ,wilbur explained the plan to ,orville and it seemed so satisfactory that they adopted it for their gliders4 ,the ,wrights were now glider-conscious4 ,they built a bi-plane kite with a new system of controls4 ,in #aijj the brothers constructed a man-carrying glider4 ,in order to get practice in operation1 they decided to fly it first as a kite4 ,for kite flying they required flat1 open country2 and for gliding1 sand hills free from trees or shrubs were necessary4 ,favorable winds were also needed4 ,from reports received from the ,weather ,bureau in ,washington1 the ,wrights learned that a place named ,kitty ,hawk in ,north ,carolina seemed to meet all requirements4 ,so they wrote to the man in charge of the weather station there for further information4 ,on his and other data1 the brothers came to the conclusion that ,kitty ,hawk was suitable for experiments4 ,what was then a tiny spot on the map was to become1 in time1 a center of world interest4 ,illustration3 ,diary of ,orville ,wright1 showing page recording the first successful flight4 ,illustration3 ,map of ,kitty ,hawk area4 ,man conquers the air ,the spot chosen for the ,wrights' experiments was located on a long strip of sandy beach separated from the mainland of ,north ,carolina4 ,at one point was the ,kitty ,hawk ,life ,saving ,station and alongside1 a government weather station4 ,a mile back from the ocean was the tiny village of ,kitty ,hawk4 ,four miles south was the ,kill ,devil ,life ,saving ,station4 ,altogether1 it was a dreary and uninviting area but one where history was to be made4 ,the ,wrights' experiments at ,kitty ,hawk covered two periods4 ,in #aijj they began flying gliders4 ,winds proved to be unsatisfactory with the result that the experiments of this year fell far below expectations4 ,they were back in #aija with a much larger glider4 ,from this model they learned that large surfaces could be controlled almost as easily as smaller ones1 provided the control was by manipulation of the surfaces themselves instead of the movements of the operator's body4 ,in their glider experiments of #aija they broke all records for distance in gliding4 ,air lift still troubled the brothers1 so ,orville rigged up a small wind tunnel made out of an old starch box4 ,within the box was a balance1 the main feature of which was a metal rod that pivoted like a weather vane4 ,the starch box experiment led to the design of the more scientific wind tunnel shown on ,page #e4 ,illustration3 ,newspaper comments on the early efforts of the ,wright brothers4 ,in the third glider trials in #aijb the brothers put all their new knowledge to the test with good results4 ,one new feature was a 8tail40 ,the idea of making this tail movable led to the system of control generally used today--the independent control of aileron and rudder4 ,the third series of glider flights was highly successful4 ,the ,wright brothers were now convinced they could build a successful power flyer4 ,one of the first requirements was an engine to produce at least eight horsepower and weigh not more than #bj pounds per horsepower4 ,unable to obtain such an engine1 they built one themselves4 ,the plane now took shape with wings having a total span of a little over #dj feet with the upper and lower wings six feet apart4 ,total weight of the plane was #gej pounds4 ,although the plane was assembled in ,kitty ,hawk by ,september #bc1 #aijc1 weather and various mechanical mishaps postponed the day of trial until ,december #ad4 ,on the toss of a coin1 ,wilbur won the right to make the first trial4 ,the machine climbed a few feet1 stalled and fell4 ,several parts were broken1 requiring two days for repairs4 ,there were other minor delays and then came the fateful day of ,december #ag4 ,this time ,orville was the pilot4 ,the few spectators stood silently by1 little realizing that they were participating in an event that would be 8forever known40 ,orville lay flat in the pilot's place with ,wilbur running alongside1 a hand on a wing1 until the machine left the rail4 ,this1 in the words of one of the historians of the flight1 is what happened3 8,signals that all was in readiness were exchanged4 ,the motor turned1 the propellers whirled1 a restraining wire was released2 the machine rolled along a crude runway1 then took off under its own power and flew for twelve unbelievable seconds for #abj incredible feet4 8,with that brief flight1 the first ever made by a heavier-than-air machine1 man was freed from the bonds that held him close to ,mother ,earth from the beginning of time1 and glimpsed the realization of his oldest1 boldest dream 444 the conquest of the air40 ,the moment when that homemade plane rose from the ground was akin to others that heralded epochs in the progress of mankind4 ,crude as it was1 that first plane represented an almost incredible amount of preparation4 ,gliders had been designed1 constructed and flown to gain technical data and piloting technique2 a satisfactory system of control had been discovered2 a wind tunnel and balance had been built to amplify flight data2 an aircraft engine sufficiently light in weight had been developed2 and finally an aeroplane had been designed and built4 ,all these things were accomplished in about three years4 ,as one challenge followed another1 the ,wrights met them all and from their first flight went on to the further development of their invention4 ,illustration3 ,the engines used in the first ,wright planes were built by ,orville and ,wilbur and had four cylinders4 ,this is the original engine from the #aijc plane4 ,illustration3 ,the restored #aije ,wright plane in ,wright ,hall4 ,the ,wrights learn to fly ,although the first flight took place at ,kitty ,hawk1 the ,wrights themselves always said that they really learned to fly on ,huffman ,prairie east of ,dayton on the present site of ,wright-,patterson ,field4 ,having proved that they could fly even if for a maximum of less than a minute1 they now set out to build a more practical and useful machine4 ,they reasoned that if they could fly #heb feet against a #bj-mile wind as they did in the fourth flight at ,kitty ,hawk1 it should be possible to build a plane which would fly much farther4 ,the plane in which the first flight was made was called the ,kitty ,hawk4 ,construction of its immediate successor began in ,january1 #aijd4 ,it was much the same as the one flown at ,kitty ,hawk but there were a number of changes and the construction was more sturdy throughout4 ,this plane was equipped with an entirely new engine4 ,because of a shortage of spruce in ,dayton they changed to white pine for spar construction1 thinking it would be equally good4 ,however1 the pine broke in actual use and the wings had to be entirely rebuilt4 ,illustration3 ,wilbur ,wright during the first demonstrations of the plane in ,europe4 ,illustration3 ,wilbur at the controls during a flight in ,france4 ,illustration3 ,orville and ,wilbur ,wright1 modest men whose achievements made history4 ,illustration3 ,original patent issued to the ,wrights4 ,illustration3 ,katherine and ,orville ,wright aboard ship bound for ,europe4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright with ,thomas ,a4 ,edison4 ,illustration3 ,towing the plane from one field to another at ,le ,mans1 ,france4 ,illustration3 ,upon their return from ,europe in ,may #aijh1 the ,wright brothers and their sister1 ,katherine1 were received at the ,white ,house by ,president ,taft4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright1 members of his family and fellow ,daytonians at dedication of the ,kitty ,hawk monument4 ,illustration3 ,the pilot lay prone in early ,wright planes4 ,illustration3 ,one of many cartoons depicting the honors which came to the ,wright brothers4 ,illustration3 ,dayton newspaper reporting the ,home-coming ,celebration in honor of the ,wright brothers4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright with ,colonel ,e4 ,a4 ,deeds on a visit to ,wright ,field4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright with ,henry ,ford as ,dayton honored #ceth anniversary of flight4 ,illustration3 ,the ,wright home and bicycle shop as they appear today in ,greenfield ,village1 ,dearborn1 ,michigan4 ,during #aijd more than #ajj flights had been made at ,huffman ,prairie4 ,of those flights1 a complete circle made for the first time on the #bjth of ,september and two flights of three miles each were the most notable4 ,in ,may of #aije the ,wrights made various improvements in the machine making it much stronger at various points which had proved weak when landing in #aijd flights4 ,the warping of the wings and operation of the tail rudder were made independent of each other and the camber of the wings was changed4 ,the most important development was the addition of two 8blinkers0 between the surfaces of the front elevator4 ,the purpose of the blinkers was to assist the rear rudder in making a turn4 ,this device was patented and proved quite important for it removed the danger of a tail spin4 ,the ,wright brothers considered their flights of #aije of great importance1 and the #aije plane proved through performance that it was a greatly improved 8flyer40 ,in a report to the ,aero ,club of ,america dated ,march #ab1 #aijf1 they said this3 8,the object of the #aije experiments was to determine the cause and discover remedies for several obscure and somewhat rare difficulties which had been encountered in some of the #aijd flights and which it was necessary to overcome before it would be safe to employ flyers for practical purposes4 ,toward the middle of ,september1 means of correcting the obscure troubles were found and the flyer was at last brought under satisfactory control4 ,from this time forward almost every flight established a new record40 ,the last flight was the longest of all1 lasting for #ch minutes and #c seconds and covering #bd miles4 ,it ended because of exhaustion of fuel4 ,the gas tank1 which held only about a gallon1 had1 through oversight1 not been full before the take-off4 ,illustration3 ,one of the many flights made over ,huffman ,prairie1 just east of ,dayton on present site of ,wright-,patterson airfields4 ,illustration3 ,the ,wright ,memorial overlooking ,huffman ,prairie4 ,,the ,,wright ,,memorial ,on a hilltop overlooking ,huffman ,prairie where the ,wright brothers accomplished so much1 stands this shaft1 made of ,north ,carolina pink granite and erected by the citizens of ,dayton in their memory4 ,to the east lies ,wright ,field1 the great government air center named in their honor4 ,the principal bronze plaque tells in a few words the story of their great contribution to the progress of mankind4 ,a smaller tablet records the names of those early flyers who were trained by the ,wright brothers4 ,in the simplicity of design and the strength of structure1 it reflects the characters of the men it honors4 ,the report to the ,aero ,club continued1 8,the #aije flyer had a total weight of about #ibe pounds1 including the operator and was of such substantial construction as to be able to make landings at high speed without being strained or broken4 ,from the beginning the prime object was to devise a machine of practical utility1 rather than a useless and extravagant toy4444 ,the favorable results which have been obtained have been due to improvements in flying quality resulting from more scientific design and to improved methods of balancing and steering4444 ,the best dividends on the labor invested have invariably come from seeking more knowledge rather than more power40 ,the submission of this report was followed by the adoption of a resolution by the ,aero ,club commending the ,wrights upon their accomplishment4 ,this1 it might be said1 marked official recognition on the part of the public that the ,wrights really had flown4 ,despite numerous flights made in #aijd and #aije1 there was considerable skepticism and grave doubts on the part of most people that flights were being made4 ,in fact1 the unwillingness of the world to believe that man could fly was one of the ironies of the ,wright story4 ,it was many months before the last doubting ,thomas was convinced that practical flight had actually been achieved4 ,improvements had been made on the #aije plane1 including the engine4 ,in #aijh the plane was taken to ,kitty ,hawk for further tests4 ,after several successful flights1 an accident occurred which so badly damaged the plane that it was dismantled and stored there in frame hangars4 ,over the years parts of the plane were given to several museums and others were acquired by residents of the area as mementoes4 ,the engine1 the propellers and other parts were shipped back to ,dayton4 ,illustration3 ,the restored #aije aeroplane in process of reconstruction4 ,engineers and others who inspected the plane during its rebuilding1 marveled at the craftsmanship reflected in its original construction4 ,when it was decided to reconstruct an early ,wright plane for ,carillon ,park1 the first thought was that it should be a replica of the ,kitty ,hawk1 which of course would have been accurate in appearance but would have contained no original parts4 ,orville ,wright himself suggested that if the original parts of the #aije plane could be brought together1 a plane which could truly be called a restored ,wright aeroplane could be built4 ,an exhaustive search was begun and with the co-operation of the museums and the residents of ,kitty ,hawk1 many of the original parts were secured4 ,orville ,wright located the original drawings and supervised much of the reconstruction4 ,his death occurred shortly before the plane was finished4 ,at least #fj per cent of the parts in the plane are original4 ,these include the engine1 the chain guides1 control levers and pilot's cradle1 the propellers1 the greater part of the wing structure as well as some of the front rudder struts4 ,construction of the plane was supervised by ,mr4 ,harvey ,d4 ,geyer1 an early employee of the ,wrights1 who was uniquely fitted for this responsibility and who1 in contributing his services1 has done much to perpetuate the achievements of the ,wrights in their home city4 ,as does the original ,kitty ,hawk in the ,smithsonian ,institution1 this restored plane will1 for generations to come1 help to tell the story of the genius of the ,wrights4 ,illustration3 ,newspaper headlines ,recognition 444 at home and abroad ,illustration3 ,king ,edward ,,vii visits ,wright brothers during flights at ,pau1 ,france4 ,a world that has convinced itself something cannot be done1 yields slowly to the realization that the 8impossible0 has been achieved4 ,when the ,wrights approached their own government with the suggestion that their invention might be useful for scouting purposes their proposal evoked no interest4 ,actually1 appreciation of the implications and possibilities of the new device came more quickly from ,europe than ,america4 ,england and ,france were among the first to seek information on the machine that had so thoroughly proved its ability to fly4 ,as early as #aije a member of the ,french military had at least made unofficial inquiry as to the cost of a plane1 but for a time this led to nothing4 ,in #aijg the ,united ,states government realized that the ,wrights had proved the practicability of flying4 ,the ,signal ,corps drew up specifications and asked for bids4 ,the ,wrights offered to build a test plane for #be1jjj4 ,their bid was accepted in ,february1 #aijh4 ,three months later they signed a contract with a ,french syndicate to sell or license the use of the plane in ,france4 ,the ,wrights were now in the international picture4 ,illustration3 ,king ,alfonso ,,xiii of ,spain was keenly interested in flying1 but promised his family that he would not make flight4 ,about this time the ,wrights1 always seeking better performance1 made a notable improvement in their plane4 ,in their first historic flight and during the experiments on ,huffman ,prairie1 they rode 8belly buster0 just as a boy does when coasting on a sled4 ,they now made a different arrangement of levers which enabled them to sit up while piloting the plane4 ,a seat for a passenger was also provided4 ,interestingly enough1 recent experiments with high-speed planes have brought some return of the prone position for the pilot4 ,on ,may #ad1 #aijh1 newspaper men saw a history-making flight at ,kitty ,hawk4 ,the remodeled #aije machine under perfect control carried two men4 ,flights for the army followed in ,september and the last trace of skepticism disappeared4 ,unfortunately1 on the last flight ,lieutenant ,selfridge1 the passenger1 was killed and ,orville severely injured4 ,the year #aijh was notable in the saga of the ,wrights4 ,wilbur made a series of flights abroad that not only won all observers but aroused wide interest and admiration throughout ,europe4 ,his quiet demeanor1 his unassuming modesty and his proved skill1 stirred the popular imagination4 ,the ,french exalted him to the status of a hero4 ,the great of the world flocked to meet him and see him fly4 ,they included ,king ,edward ,,vii of ,england1 ,king ,alfonso ,,xiii of ,spain1 and the ,dowager ,queen ,margherita of ,italy4 ,invitations to fly came from ,rome and ,berlin4 ,in ,rome ,king ,victor ,emmanuel watched him fly4 ,illustration3 ,wilbur1 at right1 in characteristic pose--making a repair in ,france4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright with army officer during highly successful flights at ,fort ,myer1 ,virginia4 ,in ,december1 #aijh1 ,orville and his sister1 ,katherine1 went to ,europe to join ,wilbur4 ,the weather at ,le ,mans where ,wilbur had been flying became unsuitable for further flights and operations were transferred to ,pau in southern ,france4 ,here ,orville and ,katherine joined ,wilbur4 ,many flights were made and many distinguished visitors came to see the modern miracle of human flight4 ,honors were heaped upon the ,wrights4 ,they received among many other distinctions1 the gold medal of the ,aeronautical ,society of ,great ,britain and the ,aero ,club of the ,united ,kingdom4 ,the ,french ,aero ,club of the ,sarthe gave them a bronze trophy4 ,later the ,aero ,club of ,america bestowed medals on the flyers4 ,a few weeks afterward1 ,president ,taft received the ,wrights at the ,white ,house and the brothers returned to ,dayton where a tumultuous welcome awaited them4 ,illustration3 ,wilbur flies low over spectators' carriages at ,pau1 ,france4 ,welcome home6 ,illustration3 ,main ,street and ,third on day of great ,homecoming ,celebration1 ,june #ag1 #aiji4 ,probably nothing stirred the ,wrights quite so deeply as their welcome when they returned to ,dayton from their foreign triumphs4 ,the 8homecoming0 lasted two days1 ,june #ag and #ah1 #aiji4 ,whistles blew1 bands played1 bells rang1 men1 women and children paraded4 ,during the celebration practically all business in ,dayton was suspended4 ,illustration3 ,orville and ,wilbur on second day of ,dayton demonstration4 ,wilbur and ,orville rode to the celebration in a carriage with their old friends1 ,ed ,sines1 boyhood newspaper partner of ,orville1 and ,ed ,ellis1 a long-time friend of ,wilbur4 ,the ,wrights reviewed a parade in their honor and in the evening witnessed a spectacular display of fireworks4 ,the celebration continued the next day when one of the features was the formation of a huge living ,american flag by #b1ejj school children1 wearing red1 white and blue4 ,immediately after the celebration ,wilbur and ,orville left for ,washington to complete the trials for the ,army at ,fort ,myer4 ,the contract with the government had specified that the plane must do forty miles an hour4 ,actually1 ,orville completed one #aj-mile flight in #ad minutes at approximately #dc miles per hour4 ,the ,wright plane was accepted by the ,army at the conclusion of these tests4 ,illustration3 ,michelin ,trophy awarded to ,wright brothers for achievements in ,france4 ,illustration3 ,medal from the ,aero ,club of ,america4 ,illustration3 ,this trophy from the ,aero ,club of ,sarthe1 ,france1 was placed in niche in ,wright home4 ,immediately after the flights at ,fort ,myer1 ,orville and ,katherine left for ,germany4 ,his purpose was to train pilots for the ,german company which had been organized4 ,he made many flights on that trip1 some of them witnessed by members of the royal family and on one of which the ,crown ,prince was a passenger4 ,on one he raised the world's altitude record from #ajj meters to #agb meters1 roughly #eej feet4 ,shortly thereafter he flew for one hour1 thirty-five minutes and forty-seven seconds with a passenger1 thereby establishing a new world's record for a flight with a passenger4 ,while ,orville was in ,germany in #aiji1 ,wilbur was making spectacular flights around ,new ,york4 ,in one of these he flew #ba miles from ,governor's ,island up the ,hudson ,river to ,grant's ,tomb and back4 ,to train pilots to fly their planes the ,wrights opened a flying school on ,huffman ,prairie where those early and precarious flights had been made4 ,here a notable group of flyers received their training4 ,one of them was ,henry ,h4 ,arnold who became ,commanding ,general of the ,army ,air ,corps in ,world ,war ,,ii4 ,in ,may1 #aiaj1 ,wilbur made his last flight as pilot4 ,shortly afterward he and ,orville flew for a brief time together4 ,it was the only flight when the brothers were both in the air at the same time4 ,later the same day ,orville took up his #hb-year-old father4 ,in the spirit of the ,wrights the ,bishop's only comment was 444 8,higher6 ,higher60 ,orville's final flight as pilot was made in #aiah from ,south ,field near ,dayton4 ,illustration3 ,orville ,wright meeting with members of ,national ,advisory ,committee for ,aeronautics4 ,after an illness of three weeks1 ,wilbur ,wright died on ,may #cj1 #aiab1 in his forty-fifth year4 ,the whole world mourned him4 ,thus1 in the prime of life1 with a record of achievement privileged to few1 passed a notable figure in ,american creative history4 ,orville ,wright survived his brother for #cf years1 passing away ,january #cj1 #aidh4 ,throughout his life he maintained his active interest in aviation1 was a life member of the ,national ,advisory ,committee for ,aeronautics and a frequent and honored visitor to ,wright ,field1 the great ,air ,force research center named in honor of the ,wright brothers4 ,illustration3 ,always interested in new developments1 ,orville ,wright visits ,wright ,field4 ,illustration3 ,the 8,kitty ,hawk10 ,smithsonian ,institution1 ,washington4 ,the ,wright brothers have been honored by many nations4 ,medals1 trophies1 monuments tell in part1 at least1 the story of their great achievement4 ,the original ,kitty ,hawk aeroplane holds the place of honor in the aeronautical exhibit of ,smithsonian ,institution1 ,washington4 ,a replica of the ,kitty ,hawk in the ,science ,museum at ,south ,kensington1 ,london1 speaks for the ,british nation in honoring the ,wrights4 ,monuments have been erected at ,kitty ,hawk1 ,n4 ,c41 at ,le ,mans1 ,france1 and at ,dayton4 ,and now ,wright ,hall with its restored #aije plane takes its place as one of the efforts of a grateful world to honor one of man's greatest achievements4 ,illustration3 ,wright ,memorial1 ,kitty ,hawk1 ,n4 ,c4 ,illustration3 ,monument to ,wrights1 ,le ,mans1 ,france4 ,illustration3 ,wright ,hall in ,carillon ,park houses restored #aije ,wright aeroplane4 ,on the walls of ,wright ,hall is inscribed this tribute to the achievements and to the personal character of two great ,americans3 ,in honored memory of ,wilbur and ,orville ,wright1 citizens of ,dayton and of the world4 ,through original research1 the ,wright brothers acquired scientific knowledge and developed theories of aerodynamics which1 with their invention of aileron control1 enabled them in #aijc to build and fly1 at ,kitty ,hawk1 the first power-driven1 man-carrying aeroplane capable of flight4 ,their further development of the aeroplane gave it a capacity for service which established aviation as one of the great forward steps in human progress4 ,as scientists1 ,wilbur and ,orville ,wright discovered the secret of flight4 ,as inventors1 builders and flyers1 they brought aviation to the world4 ,their courage1 perseverance and ability are comparable only to the magnitude of their achievement4 ,the aeroplane will stand for all time as one of those few truly great inventions which have shaped the life and destiny of man4 ,,carillon ,,park ,,dayton1 ,,ohio ,one of a series of ,carillon ,park booklets4 ,price ten cents4 ,,printed ,,in ,u4,s4,a4 ,transcriber's ,notes --,silently corrected a few typos4 --,retained publication information from the printed edition3 this e,book is public-domain in the country of publication4 --,in the text versions only1 text in italics is delimited by underscores4