,vol4 #b4      ,whole ,no4 #bd4         
,no4 #ab4                               
,,tracts ,,for ,,the ,,times4           
,,american                              
,,dangers ,,and ,,duties4               
,,by                              ,rev4 
,a4 ,d4 ,,mayo                          
,periodical3 ,postage1 #c cents a ,year4
              ,published by the ,ladies'
 ,religious ,publication ,society4      
,,albany3                    ,,weed1    
,,parsons  ,,company1 ,,printers4       
#ahfa4                                  
,,circular ,,to ,,our ,,friends4        
,the experiment of publishing a series  
of tracts upon ,liberal  ,christianity  
entered upon in the month of ,october1  
#aheh1 has been  eminently successful1  
with only a moderate outlay of effort   
and  expense4 ,the publications of our  
,society1 under the following titles1   
are before the public3                  
,volume ,one4         ,i4 ,liberal      
,christianity1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 ,mayo4  
,,ii4 ,the ,gospel of the ,day1 by ,rev4

 ,o4 ,b4 ,frothingham4     ,,iii4       
,liberal ,christianity a ,practical     
,religion1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 ,mayo4      
,,iv4 ,the ,father the only and the     
sufficient ,god1 by ,rev4 ,s4           
,longfellow4       ,v4 ,the ,natural    
,history of the ,devil1 by ,rev4 ,m4 ,d4
 ,conway4      ,,vi4 ,what is           
,infidelity1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 ,mayo4    
,,vii4 ,thy ,holy ,child ,jesus1 by     
,rev4 ,wm4 ,h4 ,furness1 ,d4 ,d4        
,,viii4 ,the ,relation of this ,life to 
the ,next1 by ,rev4 ,t4 ,starr ,king4   
,,ix4 ,a ,church and its ,methods1 by   
,rev4 ,james ,freeman ,clarke4       ,x4
 ,the ,bottomless ,pit1 by ,rev4 ,samuel
 ,osgood1 ,d4 ,d4      ,,xi4 ,the       
,reformation of the ,nineteenth         
,century1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 ,mayo4       
,,xii4 ,a ,case of ,evangelical ,church 
,discipline1 by ,emerson ,w4 ,keyes4    
,volume ,two4         ,i4 ,cornering    
,religion1 by ,rev4 ,c4 ,a4 ,bartol4    
,,ii4 ,on the ,alleged ,decay of ,faith1
 by ,rev4 ,orville ,dewey1 ,d4 ,d4      

,,iii4 ,a ,religious ,experience1 by    
,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 ,mayo4      ,,iv4 ,what do
 ,unitarians ,believe8 by ,rev4 ,samuel 
,j4 ,may4       ,v4 ,believing ,much and
 ,believing ,little1 by ,rev4 ,o4 ,b4   
,frothingham4      ,,vi4 ,the           
,simplicity of ,liberal ,christianity1  
by ,rev4 ,john ,pierpont4     ,,vii4    
,theodore ,parker1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4     
,mayo4    ,,viii4 ,why not ,acknowledge 
the ,faith which you ,believe1 by ,rev4 
,e4            ,buckingham4      ,,ix4  
,relation of the ,unitarian ,faith to   
the ,current ,creeds of                 
,christendom1 by ,rev4 ,h4 ,w4 ,bellows1
 ,d4 ,d4       ,x4 ,the ,use and ,abuse 
of ,religious ,creeds1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 
,mayo4      ,,xi4 ,some ,essentials of a
 ,true ,church1 by ,rev4 ,robert        
,collyer4     ,,xii4 ,american ,dangers 
and ,duties1 by ,rev4 ,a4 ,d4 ,mayo4    
,we believe there is no way in which our
 cause can be so surely  and steadily   
advanced as by the thorough             
dissemination of tracts1  calculated to 

awaken interest in the great religious  
questions of the  age4 ,and we          
confidently appeal to our friends for   
aid and co-operation  in this work4 ,the
 publications of the coming year we     
intend shall  equal in interest and     
ability those of the past1 and at a very
 small  cost any person will be able to 
enjoy the best thoughts of the ablest   
writers upon ,liberal ,christianity4    
,subscribers of one dollar a year  will 
be furnished with the whole series for  
#ahfj 7twelve in number71  at the rate  
of two copies a month sent by mail1 at  
periodical rates  of postage2 and to    
purchasers who desire tracts for more   
extended  circulation1 they will be     
supplied at the rate of #b4jj a hundred4
 ,the  objects of the society being     
solely to publish and disseminate the   
ideas of ,liberal ,christianity1 the    
entire receipts in their treasury  will 
be devoted to those ends with no profits
 accruing to any one4    ,we require a  
sufficient amount of funds to publish   

our new series1 in  much larger editions
 than our limited means have hitherto   
allowed2  and our ability to do so will 
be greatly augmented by an early        
contribution4 ,as only one dollar a year
 is required from each person1  who     
cordially believes that a more liberal  
faith is necessary to the  healthful    
growth of a ,christian character1 we    
earnestly invite all  such1 not only to 
contribute personally1 but so to        
interest their  friends in our behalf1  
that we may go on with confidence in our
  pecuniary success1 as well as in the  
persistent advance of the cause to      
which we are so heartily devoted4       
,bound copies of the first series of    
,tracts for the ,times1 can be  obtained
 at fifty cents per volume4    ,prices  
of ,new ,series #a a year1 for two      
copies a month4 #b per hundred  copies4 
,all subscriptions and applications for 
tracts1 addressed by mail1 with  money1 
enclosed1 to ,mrs4 ,lucy ,c4 ,mayo1 #cb 
,lodge street1 or ,miss ,nancie         

,burton1 #gj ,chapel street1 ,albany1   
,n4 ,y4                                 
,,american ,,dangers ,,and ,,duties4    
,the ,president of the ,united ,states  
has appointed a day of fasting1         
humiliation and prayer1 in view of the  
perilous condition of the  country4 ,we 
rejoice at this symptom of returning    
sanity in national  affairs4 ,we have   
never doubted that the wanton           
repudiation of ,god's  eternal laws of  
justice1 honesty and humanity in high   
places would  finally bring the         
,republic into the condition so         
impressively stated in  this            
proclamation4 ,it is too evident that   
8,god's ,omnipotent arm only  can save  
us from the awful effects of our own    
crimes and folliesour  own ingratitude  
and guilt towards our ,heavenly         
,father40    ,let us now approach the   
,almighty with no vain attempt to       
conceal our  hearts from ,him1 or to    
delude ourselves and our fellow men4    
,let us  earnestly look at our public   

dangers1 that we may learn their source2
  and pray for light upon our path of   
duty4 ,god helps only those who try  to 
help themselves4 ,he governs humanity by
 immutable laws which the  prayers of a 
world cannot change4 ,let this call from
 the chief citizen  of the ,republic to 
national consecration persuade us all to
 study the  divine law of ,american     
civilization2 the extent of our         
departure from  it2 the obligation to   
obey it more faithfully in the days to  
come4    ,the present state of our      
country is not the result of any        
accidental or  temporary cause4 ,no     
radical statesmen or victorious party or
 company  of professional agitators1 has
 power to involve the ,republic in such 
disturbance4 ,these causes1 so          
passionately and plausibly assigned1 are
  themselves unimportant effects of the 
one chief cause4 ,the ,republic is  now 
in a tumult because the progressive     
civilization of the nineteenth  century 
has finally vanquished the combined     

forces resisting its  advent2 deprived  
its chief opponent1 the slave power1 of 
the command  in national affairs2 and   
prepared to administer the government of
 the  ,united ,states forever in the    
interest of ,christian society4 ,the    
past  always dies hard1 its struggles   
for a lease of life are the present     
agitation in ,american affairs4 ,let us 
briefly overlook the progress of  this  
mighty conflict2 the present state of   
the battle2 the obligation  of freemen  
in the crisis now upon us4              
,eighty-four years ago1 thirteen        
,american colonies revolted from the    
,british ,empire4 ,all acknowledged the 
right of property in one race of  men4  
,but only in six colonies was this idea 
inwrought into the texture  of society2 
in seven northern provinces it was      
already a condemned  barbarism4 ,these  
seven northern colonies were inclined to
 believe in  the natural right of every 
man to freedom sufficient to develop his
 own  nature without hindrance to other 

men2 a right to be forever asserted  and
 secured by a government of the whole   
people4 ,the masses of the six  southern
 colonies believed heartily in the      
enslavement of the negro  laborer1 such 
enslavement to be ensured by an         
aristocratic form of  society and       
organization of the ,state4 ,the colony 
of ,massachusetts  was the foremost     
representative of the northern idea1    
which not only  commanded majorities in 
seven provinces1 but largely influenced 
the  ablest patriot leaders of          
,virginia4 ,the southern column was led 
by  the ,carolinas and ,georgia4 ,these 
states1 with a white population of      
#dhj1jjj1 contained #bcj1jjj slaves4    
,throughout the ,revolution they  were  
the focus of indifference and opposition
 to the common cause2  being practically
 a ,british province during most of the 
war4 ,their  idea of society held the   
majority of the people in ,virginia and 
,maryland1 and governed an aristocratic 
party in the middle states1  whose      

descendants abide with us to-day4 ,the  
northern idea prevailed2  wrote the     
,declaration of ,independence2 carried  
,washington through the  war1 and       
organized the government radically on   
the basis of civil and  religious       
liberty for all races of men4 ,the      
,carolinas and ,georgia1 at  the last   
hour1 forced into the ,constitution a   
recognition of slavery1  alien to its   
spirit1 and supposed1 by the wisest     
patriots1 to be of  temporary necessity4
 ,thus did freedom triumph in #aghg2    
though robbed of  the complete fruits of
 victory by the obstinancy of a hostile 
idea4    ,thus armed1 free society      
girded itself up to the majestic toil of
  subduing and civilizing a new         
continent4 ,it entrenched itself on the 
rocky shores and snowy hills of ,new    
,england1 and made those six states  the
 foremost representative of the true    
,democratic idea4    ,under the auspices
 of ,jay1 ,king1 ,livingston and a band 
of like-minded  statesmen1 the idea was 

organized in the ,state of ,new ,york2  
the great  constructive centre of       
,american civilization4    ,it gradually
 forced negro slavery from three middle 
states1 and then  began to march its    
armies of emigration towards the        
,pacific4 ,it  compelled the national   
government to consecrate to liberty the 
area of  five great states in the       
northwest4 ,it created a new power in   
central  and western ,new ,york1 which  
confirmed the policy of the ,empire     
,state4  ,it formed the civilization of 
the five northwestern states east of    
the ,mississippi4 ,when a new empire was
 brought in by the ,louisiana  purchase1
 it rallied its forces and secured the  
territory north of the  ,missouri       
,compromise ,line1 from which it already
 has fashioned three  great states4 ,it 
scaled the ,rocky ,mountains and covered
 ,oregon and  ,washington with the      
proviso of freedom4 ,and when the second
 vast empire  was annexed to the        
national domain1 it swept along its     

border and  consecrated the whole       
,pacific coast to liberty4    ,the idea 
of society founded on civil and         
religious liberty for all  men has laid 
the foundation of eighteen ,american    
states1 containing1  in #ahfj1          
#ah1jjj1jjj of people2 the best         
commonwealths that were ever  created in
 a time so brief4 ,it has also1 in less 
degree1 influenced the  rising          
confederacy of the ,canadas1 and is     
slowly preparing that vast  region for  
self-government4 ,it has diverted a     
large emigration from the  ,southern    
,states1 of men attracted by the hopes  
and opportunities of  free society4 ,its
 possessions stretch from the           
northeastern coast of  the ,atlantic    
with southwesterly inclination to the   
southern shores of  the ,pacific1       
nearing the lower extremity of ,north   
,america4    ,although by no means of   
equal development1 society in these     
eighteen  free states is founded on the 
immutable principles of the natural     

rights of man4 ,the laborer is a free   
man and a citizen4 ,social life is  a   
democracy in which service to the       
community is the chief claim to         
preeminence4 ,education is the boon of  
every child1 and the press and  speech  
are free4 ,the ballot in several        
,northern ,states is absolutely  free to
 all men1 and the current is setting in 
that direction in the  remainder4 ,in   
all these states the free worship of    
,god is secured by  fundamental law4    
,the radical tendency among these       
#ah1jjj1jjj of people  is towards the   
complete establishment of a ,christian  
democracy4 ,already  the superiority of 
this portion of the ,republic in all the
 elements of  civilization is           
undisputed4 ,its commercial and         
industrial enterprise  is the           
controlling force of the country's      
material prosperity4 ,its  agriculture  
leads in the majority of crops that can 
be tilled on  northern soil2 and it has 
three crops1 either of which can buy up 

the whole special productions of the    
southern states4 ,it is the seat  of    
popular education4 ,its literature and  
art1 and general refinement  of life1   
represent the ,union to the world4 ,the 
present census brings  it into its great
 inheritance of overwhelming political  
power4 ,its  religion is nearer the     
,sermon on the ,mount than ever was     
reached by  #ah1jjj1jjj of people       
before4 ,it is headed towards the       
kingdom of ,god  more decisively than   
any nation of ancient or modern times4  
,but the north is by no means yet in the
 kingdom4 ,each of its radical  ideas of
 free society is violated and perverted 
by a considerable  portion of every     
commonwealth2 some of its principles by 
entire  states4 ,out of the competitions
 of free labor has sprung a fierce  and 
selfish love of money which scorns      
honesty and tramples down man  in its   
accursed lust for gold4 ,whole classes  
of men are cursed by  this venal        
insanity which1 culminating in the      

marble streets of the  commercial       
metropolis1 distills its venom to the   
remotest log cabin in  the wilderness4  
,out of the opportunities of free social
 life has sprung  a mushroom growth of  
vulgar social ambition1 luxury and      
sensuality2  which struggles to become  
the fashion on the pavement of the      
,atlantic  city and in the 8percussion0 
village of the west4 ,the sacred freedom
  of printing and speech has been       
perverted to a satanic press and the    
open advocacy of every vagary of        
despotism and sin4 ,political freedom   
has been demoralized to the freedom of  
unlimited office seeking1 the  betrayal 
of human rights for individual success  
and fearful corruption  in public       
affairs4 ,and out of the noblest feature
 of our church1  its liberty of worship1
 comes that pernicious strife for       
sectarian  supremacy and worldly success
 which endangers the most liberal       
religious organizations4    ,these      
abuses of northern society marshal a    

host in ,new ,england4 ,they  rage      
through the great cities of the ,middle 
,states4 ,they demoralize  multitudes on
 the prairies1 and on the ,pacific      
struggle with fearful  intensity for the
 possession of society4 ,the point to   
which this  tendency gravitates is      
popular servility4 ,so we have1 in the  
,north1 a great crowd of men and women  
debauched by the abuse of  the          
opportunities of free society1 to the   
point of yielding to the  blandishments 
and menaces of any despotism that       
promises to pay its way4    ,let us     
distinctly understand that in this      
direction lies the sin  and peril of    
northern civilization4 ,it is not our   
free institutions  and their faithful   
disciples which are endangering the     
peace of the  country1 as is            
slanderously asserted by every tyrant   
and tyrant's  jackall in ,america2 but  
the chief peril of the ,union is from   
this  margin of servility in northern   
civilization1 which is always in the    

market1 ready to tamper with any        
abomination from abroad1 within or      
without its own borders1 as its wretched
 selfishness may be stimulated  thereby4
 ,perhaps its present direction is least
 dangerous to the  national welfare4 ,it
 now succumbs to the slave power of our 
,southern  ,states1 as the nearest1 most
 powerful1 and remunerative purchaser of
  its influence4 ,were there no slave   
power1 it would be in league with       
foreign civil and religious despotism1  
or fasten upon some ,northern           
institution as the representative of the
 aristocratic idea4 ,but now it  has    
turned its shameless face away from     
,northern civilization1 which  is       
growing up behind its back into an      
adamantine wall overtopping its  base   
hopes and impotent threats4 ,while its  
preachers1 and politicians1  and        
journals and saloons are facing towards 
despotism1 and calling free  society    
anarchy1 the majority of the ,north is  
calmly marching onward to  the victory  

for the right which is only a question  
of a few decades1  unswayed by the      
promises1 undaunted by the croakings of 
its margin  of servility4 ,the idea of  
free society1 of which ,new ,england is 
the  foremost representative1 is        
gradually subduing every region of these
  eighteen states to itself4    ,and    
just as the ,new ,england idea1         
organized in the great ,middle ,states  
and the ,northwest1 is approaching its  
day of conquest in the ,north1  is the  
idea of ,south ,carolina subduing the   
fifteen ,southern ,states4  ,south      
,carolina is now the most completely    
aristocratic ,state in the              
,confederacy4 ,fifty-eight per cent of  
her entire population are slaves4  ,her 
basis of representation in her          
,legislature is equally slave  property 
and white population2 one sixty-second  
of white people and one  sixty-second of
 property having the same political     
weight4 ,her #be1jjj  slaveholders rule 
the little ,state with a rod of iron1   

and this phalanx  is wheeled about by a 
smaller number of men than governs any  
,state of  the ,union4 ,in the          
,revolution the great men of ,maryland  
and ,virginia  clasped the hands of the 
,north1 and thus governed the           
,carolinas1  wrested them from utter    
subjugation1 and organized the          
,constitution  over their heads4 ,but   
,south ,carolina1 ,georgia and their    
children along  the ,gulf of ,mexico    
have been gaining in power every day in 
the last  half century4    ,south       
,carolina is now captain of eight       
,states1 with a white population  of    
more than #b1jjj1jjj1 owning a slave    
population of #a1hjj1jjj2 #db per  cent 
of the whole people2 with a monopoly of 
the cotton1 rice and sugar  crops2 and a
 rapidly consolidating unanimity of     
sentiment4 ,the seven  more northern    
,slave ,states have a white population  
of #e1jjj1jjj1 with  #bg per cent of    
slavery4 ,but they have no peculiar     
staple of production1  excepting young  

negroes1 and are wavering in social     
ideas and political  policy4 ,freedom   
has planted a line of batteries along   
their borders  in the form of nine      
growing cities containing a million and 
a half of  people1 in all of which free 
discussion is practically vindicated2   
several being already in the hands of   
the ,northern idea4 ,thus wavering      
between extremes1 these seven ,states   
are now being fought over as the  body  
of ,moses was by the angel and the      
,dragon4 ,south ,carolina1 foremost  of 
the host of despotism1 has them by the  
throat1 haling them towards  the        
precipice of disunion4 ,she has         
conquered them in every battle since    
they shrank from ,northern fellowship2  
she brought in three slave ,states  from
 the ,louisiana ,purchase2 she drove the
 country into the ,mexican  war and     
secured ,texas2 she repealed the        
,missouri ,compromise2 she has  procured
 the ,dred ,scott decision2 and now1 on 
the refusal of the ,north  to ratify it1

 threatens to dissolve the ,union1 and  
commands the ,central  ,slave ,states to
 come on4    ,washington1 ,jefferson1   
,clay1 ,jackson1 ,benton2 the great men 
of this  region who withstood her claims
 are all dead1 and who are their        
successors8 ,all things look fearfully  
like a surrender of the seven  northern 
,slave ,states to the idea of ,south    
,carolina and her seven  confederates1  
just as the entire ,north has been      
wheeled into line by  ,new ,england and 
her children of the ,north4    ,there is
 nothing strange in this4 ,there was    
always plenty of railing  against ,new  
,england and her ideas in the ,middle   
and ,western ,states1  which has ended  
in their conversion4 ,every great       
,preacher1 ,statesman1  ,thinker1 in    
twelve ,states beyond the ,hudson1 has  
his heel on ,plymouth  ,rock4 ,new      
,england and her children believe wholly
 in the natural  rights of man2         
therefore she conquers twelve ,states   
that do not exactly  know whether man   

has or has not natural rights4 ,south   
,carolina and her  children disbelieve  
wholly in the natural rights of man4    
,therefore they  subdue seven great     
,states of wavering faith4 ,the man1 the
 ,state that  believes with its whole   
heart1 always in the end subdues the man
 or  ,state that only half believes4    
,in every great national collision      
between the two civilizations1  freedom 
has been nominally beaten1 but actually 
victorious4 ,the  ,revolution made nine 
,states free4 ,if the ,north was        
compelled to  hide away slavery in the  
,constitution2 she saved the            
,declaration  of ,independence2 kept the
 word 8slave0 out of the charter of our 
liberties2 abolished the slave trade2   
and secured the ,northwest  territory1  
five ,states1 for liberty4 ,the ,south  
cut up her remaining  territories into  
four additional slave states2 obtained  
,florida1 from  ,spain2 ,louisiana and  
,arkansas from ,france1 and then gave   
battle for  ,missouri4 ,she gained the  

nominal victory of forcing #hj1jjj      
slaves into  this ,state1 and lost the  
remaining territory north of #cf deg4   
and #cj  min41 sufficient for half a    
dozen free commonwealths1 which secured 
two ,states in the future beyond the    
,rocky ,mountains4 ,thus1 out of the    
,louisiana ,purchase1 slavery has gained
 but two ,states1 and kept back         
,missouri fifty years from her natural  
condition of freedom2 while the  ,north 
has gained already three free ,states2  
and has1 beside ,kansas1  half a dozen  
territories in reserve1 ready to come   
in4    ,the next great battle was in    
#ahdd1 when slavery grasped ,texas1 and 
plunged the country into a war to extend
 her territory4 ,the end of that  was a 
nominal defeat of liberty1 but the real 
defeat of slavery4 ,for  the ,south has 
only gained thereby an additional slave 
population of  #fj1jjj in ,texas2 a     
vast1 region whose western border is    
already in the  hands of free men2 a    
fugitive slave law1 whose imperfect     

enforcement  has greatly served to      
alienate the ,northern mind1 and reduce 
the escape  of slaves to a science2 and 
a barren promise of several new ,states 
in  ,texas1 ,new ,mexico1 and ,utah1 if 
she can get them4 ,the ,north secured   
the ,state of ,california1 which has    
shut off the ,pacific from slavery1  and
 planted a mighty free ,state like a    
circular battery1 covering  all the     
newly acquired ,mexican ,territory4 ,the
 regions west of ,texas  will finally be
 peopled from free ,california4 ,they   
are now sparsely  populated1 because    
unfit for settlement4 ,but if gold or   
silver mines  or profitable agricultural
 districts should be discovered in this 
vast  wilderness1 there would be a      
hegira that way which would 8re-enact   
the  will of ,god0 beyond hope of       
repeal4    ,then came the battle of     
#ahed1 when the ,south abolished the    
,missouri  ,compromise1 to steal        
,kansas1 and lost this territory and    
wounded  slavery to death in ,missouri1 

thus planting two great ,states over    
against ,western ,texas and the ,indian 
,possessions1 which must be settled     
therefrom4    ,then1 in desperation1 the
 slave power sentenced all the          
territories of  the ,united ,states to  
slavery2 and the ,north has declared1   
unanimously1  by a popular vote of      
#c1bej1jjj against #bjj1jjj1 that she   
will not  permit this subversion of the 
,constitution4    ,thus stand the forces
 on the field4 ,slavery has fifteen     
states2 three  of which are turning one 
ear to freedom4 ,freedom has eighteen   
states1  with double their white        
population1 and holds the two           
strategical  points1 ,california and    
,kansas1 which cover every territory1   
and make  it almost impossible that new 
slave states should be permanently      
sustained therein4 ,and now the ,north  
has united to confine the peculiar      
institution within its present limits4  
,in the ,union1 the battle  is fought   
and won4 ,slavery1 nominally the victor1

 has been really  defeated in every     
contest since the ,revolution4 ,she has 
violated  every compromise1 and thus    
morally put it out of her power to      
demand  concession from liberty4 ,the   
slave power to-day stands beaten1       
surrounded1 and dependent for its very  
existence on the will of the  ,free     
,states4    ,is it strange that ,south  
,carolina raises the ,palmetto flag1 and
 sends  the order down the whole line to
 march out of the ,union8 ,she has fewer
  entangling alliances with freedom than
 any of her followers2 and1 with  an eye
 sharpened by long observation of the   
conditions of aristocratic  society1    
sees that its doom is sealed4 ,she      
knows1 as ,virginia and  ,maryland do   
not1 that there can be no more reliable 
extension of the  slave power in the    
,union1 as now constituted1 and as it   
will inevitably  be administered in the 
future4 ,she is sick at heart1 and      
understands  that all her physicians are
 quacks1 who propose only palliatives1  

in helpless inability to cure her       
disease4 ,what cares she for a new      
fugitive slave law when the old one     
cannot be enforced1 and every ,negro    
carried back to bondage leaves a town   
full of new-made abolitionists  behind8 
,will it help her to declare that all   
the territories shall  choose freedom or
 slavery for themselves1 when ,yankee   
,jonathan1 ,german  ,hans and ,irish    
,patrick are swarming on the borders of 
every territory  where a civilized man  
can live8 ,the offer of new slave states
 in the  southwestern deserts does not  
console her1 for she remembers that of  
the four slave states admitted into the 
,union within the last thirty  years1   
two are insignificant1 and ,texas and   
,missouri are already in  a state of    
siege by freedom1 while free states     
stand1 rank behind  rank1 awaiting an   
open door4 ,do her comforters offer     
protection in the  territories8 ,new    
,mexico has #fb1jjj square miles1 and   
has about one  slave to #a1jjj square   

miles1 and this is her most hopeful     
scion at  present2 very like protecting 
a dead horse against a general muster   
of crows4 ,what of the abstract right to
 carry slaves through states  that daily
 hate slavery more bitterly8 ,are       
compromises offered in any  of these    
directions8 ,the spectre of one great   
compromise1 murdered  in the ,capitol1  
rises like ,banquo's ghost1 and shrieks1
 8thou sent  compromise to the grave2   
who calls up my unquiet shadow to haunt 
the  day80 ,a compromise is henceforth  
only a law2 so has slavery willed2      
freedom responds3 8so let it be         
forevermore40 ,lay upon freedom whatever
  compromises you will1 she henceforth  
walks through and beyond them like  a   
living man through a churchyard full of 
wavering shadows4 ,what can  the        
,supreme ,court do for her case8 ,she   
has shown us that court can be  made to 
yield to the reigning spirit of the day1
 and gained all she  asked for slavery4 
,another day will dawn1 and the court   

will look to  that rising sun4 ,will she
 change the ,constitution8 ,but no act  
of to-day  can bind posterity4 ,a       
perpetual provision for slavery there is
 setting  up a king over the            
,constitution4 ,the ,north to-day will  
set up no king2  if it does the ,north  
of to-morrow will dethrone him4    ,the 
slave power1 as represented by ,south   
,carolina1 wants primarily  but one     
thinga complete reversal of ,northern   
moral convictions and  social ideas4    
,that change of civilization would      
permit her to open  the slave trade and 
acquire new territory for slave ,states4
 ,all these  things are impossible in   
the ,union as headed now4 ,therefore1   
,south  ,carolina turns her back on it1 
and gives the command3 forward1 the     
whole line towardswe'll see when we get 
out4 ,we must confess there  is no link 
wanting in this logic of the slave      
power4 ,if it stays in the  ,union1 it  
must be girdled1 year by year1 more     
irresistibly by freedom2  as a great    

snow bank feels the ,april sun1 day by  
day1 enclosing it in  glittering lines1 
and already dissolves in thought of     
,june mornings  ahead4 ,with the most   
determined effort to keep its hands off 
the  slave power1 the spirit of         
,american liberty will be compelled to  
deal  with it more vitally every year4  
,the age is forcing it towards this     
policy4 ,every school house and meeting 
house1 free home1 free journal1  and    
country lyceum in the ,united ,states is
 a protest against this  barbarism4 ,it 
may be as well said at once that what   
the slave power  calls abolitionism1 is 
simply the spirit of the nineteenth     
century  applied to ,american ,society4 
,every man who lives in that spirit is  
to  it an abolitionist1 with his own    
will1 or spite of his will1 must help   
abolish human slavery4 ,i doubt not the 
political fidelity of the ,north  to all
 constitutional obligations2 but if the 
fifteen slave states  remain in the     
,union they must finally become free    

states4 ,freedom is  aggressive4        
,virtue1 truth1 humanity1 ,god are      
aggressive4 ,the fathers  intended that 
slavery should die a peaceful death in  
the ,union1 and  the sons will not      
forget the tradition4 ,the slave power  
now hears her  sentence read and sees   
the executioner on the way4 ,south      
,carolina  counsels it to prolong its   
life by flying beyond jurisdiction of   
the  court4 ,but if the slave power     
flies from the ,union1 it is only       
rushing  from the house of a            
regenerating friend into an open country
 peopled by  its foes4 ,the civilization
 of the age is against it4 ,the ,south  
must1  first or last1 regenerate her    
false order of society1 or walk towards 
final destruction4    ,what is the duty 
of the ,north in this perilous condition
 of affairs8    ,first4 ,the paramount  
duty of the eighteen ,northern ,states  
is to  preserve and perpetuate the      
,christian civilization already         
inaugurated  within their borders1 and  

permit the sacred cause of liberty to   
suffer  no eclipse4    ,second4 ,the    
,north has now become the natural       
protector of the ,southern  people      
against the tyranny of the slave power1 
and must do its  uttermost to prevent   
the conquest of fifteen states by this  
remorseless  tyranny4    ,the ,north has
 one obligation more sacred than all    
others2 to preserve  the sacred rights  
of man and carry forward the work of a  
,christian  civilization on this        
continent4 ,these eighteen states now   
occupy the  foremost position in the    
world1 and cannot abandon it without    
such  danger and disgrace as no good man
 can calmly contemplate4 ,whatever  they
 do1 ,humanity1 ,christianity1 ,god     
command them to surrender nothing  of   
that which they hold in trust as the    
agent for mankind and posterity4        
,this is a sufficient answer to the     
demands of that margin of servility  in 
the ,north which asks us to surrender   
anything and everything to  the cause of

 the ,union4 ,this wretched school of   
advisers counsel  nothing less than     
unconditional submission to the extreme 
demands  of an insolent oligarchy1 whose
 turbulent and dishonest despotism  has 
already brought the country to the brink
 of ruin4 ,to satisfy ,mr4  ,charles    
,o',conor1 the ,rev4 ,mr4 ,van ,dyke1   
and their disciples1 we must  change our
 whole type of society2 forswear all    
that gives us power at  home and fame   
abroad2 place ourselves under a general 
espionage more  hateful than the rule of
 an emperor2 and conspire to crush a    
whole  race of men in the dust forever4 
,this cannot be done4 ,northern         
civilization is looking towards the     
golden rule of ,christ4 ,its social1    
civil1 industrial1 educational1         
religious associations are all slowly   
adjusting themselves to the ,christian  
idea of the equal rights of all  men4   
,should our people now be persuaded or  
forced to repudiate these  ideas2 turn  
their backs on the spirit of the age2   

hold every principle  on sale2 make     
their pavements and fields too servile  
for the tread of  freemen1 it would be a
 calamity in comparison with which the  
sinking of  every despotic state in the 
depths of the sea would be a blessing4  
,our  great commercial cities are full  
of adventurers from every part of the   
world1 who1 caring nothing for          
republican institutions1 only look to   
their own aggrandizement in wealth and  
personal position4 ,every county  holds 
a politician base enough to flatter this
 class of men to gain an  office4 ,the  
pulpits of the ,north are not yet rid of
 the servants of  this ,sadducism4 ,it  
is not strange that this whole margin of
 servility  is stirred to its nauseous  
depth in favor of unlimited concession  
to  the slave power4 ,it would be       
monstrous if this great ,north cast down
  her noblest and wisest advisers and   
followed the lead of this motley  crew4 
,it may or may not be necessary that    
certain men should be rich1  famous1 or 

in office2 but that eighteen states who 
represent the  loftiest civilization on 
the earth should commit social suicide  
to  further such trivial objects is too 
much to contemplate4    ,but there is a 
better class of advisers who counsel the
 ,north to  compromise and conciliation1
 with the hope of weathering the present
  gale1 and ultimately keeping the ship 
on the track of a ,christian  democracy4
 ,they sincerely believe the ,american  
,union is the best hope  of freedom on  
this continent2 that united1 these      
,states must finally  reach the promised
 land2 dissevered1 they will drift into 
hopeless  anarchy4 ,we appreciate the   
motives and understand the apprehensions
 of  this large body of the ,northern   
people4 ,we wish they took less counsel 
of their fears1 and saw more clearly the
 danger of experimenting on  a thing so 
sensitive as human rights4 ,we think    
they are too much  concerned to learn   
what will appease our despotism1        
forgetting that  it is unappeasable2    

while they also forget that there is a  
sentiment  of freedom that will not     
submit beyond a fixed point1 and that   
point  of endurance is already near4 ,we
 know that successful statesmanship     
must be a series of approaches to       
abstract right1 and no great idea  of   
liberty can be organized at once4 ,we do
 not presume to explain the  details of 
our public policy in a region where the 
political landscape  changes every      
morning2 and it is absurd to ask our    
advanced statesmen  to sacrifice the    
permanent interest of liberty to a      
verbal consistency4  ,no party can      
always be guided by its own platform2   
especially can no  great national policy
 be run upon the straight track of a    
fore-ordained  programme4    ,therefore1
 we believe in all methods of           
conciliation and forbearance  that do   
not vitiate the spirit of liberty in the
 people or imperil the  final triumph of
 freedom in the country4 ,let us keep   
the conscience  of the ,north sound1 its

 spirit high1 its determination         
unchangeable  for a true civilization4  
,we must abate none of our great        
agencies of  freedom4 ,the free school1 
the free press1 free speech1 free       
society1  a free ballot1 a free church  
must be sustained at all hazards1 and   
purified of grossness and license by the
 gradual education and refining  of the 
people4 ,our political state policy must
 be maintained1 and only  changed in the
 direction of purging the cause of      
freedom from all base  alloy1 and       
opening into wider vistas of ,christian 
liberty4 ,then we must  choose men for  
our servants in national offices whose  
fidelity to ,god  and man are undoubted2
 instruct them to see that the cause of 
humanity  receives no harm1 and trust   
much to their wisdom in the details of  
public policy4 ,it is daily becoming a  
more difficult task to guide our        
national affairs4 ,only the highest     
order of ability1 experience and        
unflinching principle can suffice for   

the mighty toil4 ,the ,northern  people 
will sacrifice every man1 however lofty1
 who turns his back  against the present
 age4 ,they will resent any measure     
whose effect is  to undermine ,northern 
ideas1 however imperceptibly4 ,but they 
will give  a generous margin for that   
policy of wise conciliation1 which will 
preserve the ,union to freedom forever4 
,let our servants remember we forgive   
all things to devotion to our  common   
humanity2 we pardon any policy1 that    
finally keeps us in the  current of the 
nineteenth century2 but we forgive no   
man who1 through  fear1 or flattery1 or 
ignorance1 or any motive1 puts in peril 
the cause  of human rights4 ,for such   
there is everlasting political          
punishment4  ,our rulers must not open  
the ,african slave trade2 or make our   
northern  cities the depots of the      
infamous traffic in men2 or permit      
further  acquisition of territory for   
slavery2 or change the ,republic into a 
machine to assist and protect property  

in man wherever our flag is  planted4   
,the national policy must aim at a final
 limitation of slavery  in the nation1  
and a transferal of the whole           
controversy to the slave  states4       
,whoever can best accomplish this shall 
be approved4    ,only by this zealous   
upholding of freedom in eighteen states 
can the  ,north educate herself to her  
secondary obligation to preserve the    
,union by defending the people of the   
,south against the slave power4         
,whatever may be the capacity of liberty
 in the free states to sustain a        
disruption of the ,union2 it is morally 
certain that the only rational  hope of 
liberty in fifteen southern states is in
 their continuance of  the partnership  
in a national government administered in
 the interests  of human rights4 ,were  
these fifteen states to-day severed from
 our  connection and united in a slave  
empire1 they would be ever haunted  by  
three specters1 either more formidable  
than any present danger4  ,their        

intestine conflicts would compare with  
our present agitation  like the spouting
 of a volcano to the sputtering of a    
coal fire4 ,a  thousand ambitious and   
unscrupulous characters stand waiting   
that event  to run the wild race for    
power whose goal is anarchy4 ,there     
could be  no permanent union between    
,south ,carolina and ,maryland2         
,mississippi  and ,kentucky2 for        
revolutions do not go backward1 and the 
forces that  would sweep fifteen states 
out of the ,union would fatally drift   
any new  government they should create  
towards a military despotism4 ,they     
would  be in constant danger from       
servile insurrection2 and the rapid     
increase  of slave population would     
necessitate a reign of terror through   
all  their borders4 ,they would         
perpetually be urged into wars with     
every  civilized power2 for nobody      
supposes the nations of the world will  
permit a black empire to open the slave 
trade and steal unlimited  territory4   

,on whatever side we look1 the only hope
 of free institutions  in the south is  
adherence to a ,union working towards   
the freedom of man4    ,this            
preservation of the ,union for liberty  
can only be accomplished  by a          
co-operation of the moderate men and    
class of the ,south with the  party of  
freedom in the ,north4 ,this class has  
too long made the fatal  mistake of     
choosing its ,northern allies from those
 who misrepresented  the ,northern      
conscience and society4 ,they have read 
the journals  that live by maligning our
 civilization1 and kept in power a set  
of  politicians who could not be chosen 
to preside over a town meeting at  home4
 ,if any man has made himself specially 
obnoxious to the people of  ,new        
,england1 ,new ,york or the ,great      
,west1 by treason to their higher       
convictions1 we have seen him lifted    
into some exalted position by the  voice
 of those whose only hope of salvation  
is the confidence of the  ,northern     

heart4 ,the moderate men of the ,south  
have counseled too often  with this     
irresponsible section of the free       
states1 and1 of course1 are  now left to
 drift4    ,if this ,union is to be     
saved1 the border slave states must     
change their  policy4 ,their wisest and 
most patriotic men must1 like           
,washington1  and ,jefferson1 and ,clay 
and ,benton1 clasp the hands of the real
  ,north2 the ,north that is faced      
towards liberty2 and demand of it all   
consideration and support consistent    
with true civilization4 ,let them  no   
longer parley with the political1 social
 and commercial traitors who  promise   
what they never can performa reversal of
 ,northern ideas of  society4 ,let them 
convince us that they have at heart the 
freedom of  the ,republic1 and their    
counsels for moderation and fraternal   
action  will have the weight they       
deserve4 ,the real danger now is that   
the  freemen of the ,north have come to 
distrust this better class of the       

,south4 ,when they see venerable        
statesmen like ,bell yielding to the    
uttermost demands of the slave power in 
his adoption of the heresy of  universal
 protection for slavery by the ,general 
,government1 and uniting  in the vulgar 
slander that the majority of our people 
has embarked in  an unconstitutional and
 fanatical crusade against ,southern    
rights2 or  a man like ,crittenden      
proposing to surrender to the           
secessionists the  privilege of making a
 dozen ,alabamas below the parallel of  
#cf degrees  #cj minutes2 to convert the
 metropolis of the ,union into the great
 slave  market of the world2 and put    
into the ,constitution a perpetual      
guaranty  for slavery1 when every       
provision for liberty is subject to     
amendment2  or when ,mr4 ,stephens tells
 us our only hope is in complete        
surrender  to the platform of the       
extreme ,south1 what are we to think8   
,are the  entire slave states so        
debauched by their institutions that    

what their  representative men call     
8compromise10 is only the yielding every
 point  in issue between the two        
civilizations8 ,are the ,new ,york      
,herald and  ,caleb ,cushing to be      
perpetual representatives of northern   
society3 and  is the ,union to be       
sacrificed because the whole people of  
the ,south  believe their infamous      
slanders about us8 ,then1 indeed1 is    
hope for  ,southern freedom lost2 unless
 freedom1 in fire-eating parlance1 means
  liberty to enslave mankind till the   
end of time4    ,we behold in the firm  
attitude of a few ,southern patriots of 
the  ,washington and ,jefferson school1 
the only hope for the salvation of  the 
country4 ,they know that the majority of
 the ,north never did and  will not     
propose to abolish slavery in the ,slave
 ,states by the ,general  ,government   
against their own desire4 ,they know    
that any administration  inaugurated by 
this majority will protect the ,southern
 people against  all danger of war1     

intestine conflict1 invasion or         
insurrection4 ,they  know that we       
propose to limit slavery to its present 
possessions only  for the safety of the 
,union1 and the defence of the ,southern
 people  from the most insolent         
oligarchy that ever ruled on earth4 ,if 
they can  unite with us to keep the     
,union as it is2 to defeat the extreme  
demands  of ,davis and ,yancy1 and      
,o',conor2 to gradually localize the    
slavery  controversy in fifteen ,states1
 which1 under the paternal protection of
  the nation1 may work out this painful 
problem by the increasing lights  of our
 age1 we can be their friends1 and      
finally deliver them all from  harm4 ,we
 will do and suffer everything for      
ourselves to this glorious  result2 but 
we have no right to sacrifice the cause 
of human rights on  a whole continent to
 please #cej1jjj slaveholders4 ,we know 
that1 in any  event1 the united ,north  
must protect the ,southern people       
against the  slave power4 ,if they tear 

away from us now1 we shall be called    
before  twenty years to defend them     
against foreign invasions1 servile war1 
and  intestine anarchy4 ,if they stay   
with us1 we can protect them with less  
peril to human life1 and more security  
in the issue4    ,for1 come what will1  
the ,north will never desert the people 
of the  ,south4 ,it will desert the     
slave power that now rages against our  
,union and ,humanity1 tie it up1 and    
leave it to be dealt with by those  who 
know it best4 ,but the millions of white
 people1 our friends and  neighbors1 our
 brothers1 fathers1 lovers and children1
 inhabiting  these vast areas1 cannot be
 torn out of our hearts1 or spirited by 
any demoniac influence beyond our       
guardian care4 ,the millions of         
bondmen1 who now till those fields1     
cannot be sacrificed forever to  please 
any clique of tyrants or make the corner
 stone to any temple  of eternal ,pagan 
barbarism4 ,we shall care for both1 and 
shall do our  utmost to save the whole  

,southern people from the dreadful      
perils of  the present and the more     
fearful danger of the future4 ,no wall  
of  separation can be raised so high    
that the growing civilization of the    
,north will not overlook it1 and1 like  
the sun in mid-heaven1 shine  down with 
beneficent rays on the just and unjust1 
protecting the good1  succoring the     
fallen1 regenerating the evil4 ,o6 that 
,god would give our  brothers of the    
,south the clearness and calmness to see
 that ,northern  civilization           
contemplates harm to no man2 is         
beneficent like ,god's  love2 in truth  
is1 in its ideal1 the ,love of ,god     
applied to the life of  a new world4    
,the future is not clear1 and he is a   
bold man who can prophecy a month       
ahead4 ,it may be that we are at the    
end2 that the slave power has  conquered
 fifteen states and is about to lead    
them out into the desert  of a barbaric 
experiment in despotic society4 ,if so1 
let us not deluge  our land with        

fraternal blood1 but let them all go in 
peace2 clinging  together at home and   
girding ourselves up to the mighty task 
of finally  saving them from the anarchy
 that surely lies across their path4    
,perhaps the margin of servility in the 
,north will gain a temporary  victory1  
and in concert with a united slave      
power1 enact some infamous  concession  
over our heads4 ,then we must only close
 up and move on1 as  in the past2 for   
freedom repudiates all surrender to     
tyranny now and  forever1 and there must
 be a final victory for the right4      
,perchance the nobler civilization of   
the ,south will arise in its might1     
and1 in concert with the real ,north1   
adopt some wise and conciliatory  policy
 for the whole country which will       
sacrifice no right of the  people and   
impair no hope of the ,republic2 and    
then hold in the few  revolting states  
from secession4 ,if so1 the hour of     
freedom has indeed  struck1 and the     
knell of despotism in this ,union is    

tolled4 ,let us pray  for the wisdom1   
justice1 love that shall regenerate us  
from our sins1  and overrule our        
transgressions in the past1 to the      
advancement of the  kingdom of ,god on  
earth1 and the uplifting of ,his best   
creatureman4             99       99    
99       99       99                    
,transcriber's ,notes3     ,text in     
italics is enclosed by underscores      
7italics74     ,punctuation and spelling
 inaccuracies were silently corrected4  
,archaic and variable spelling has been 
preserved4