,,le>n+ ,,to ,,spell ,a ,manual = ,tea*]s ,us+ ! ,,ald9e ,,spell] ,,by ,,ca!r9e ,t4 ,,bryce ,,assi/ant ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,elem5t>y ,,education ,,yale ,,univ]sity ,,frank ,j4 ,,%]man ,,=m]ly ,,sup]9t5d5t ,,( ,,s*ools ,,danv]s1 ,,massa*usetts ,,& ,,ar?ur ,w4 ,,kallom ,,assi/ant ,,director ,,( ,,educational ,,inve/igation ,,& ,,measurem5ts1 ,,bo/on1 ,,massa*usetts ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,,newson ,,company ,,copyright1 #aiba1 ,,by ,,newson ,,company ,all rights res]v$4 ,,le>n+ ,,to ,,spell ,are we spell+ z well 9 our s*ools today z our =efa!rs did 9 ! little r$ s*oolh\se8 ,?is is ! "q t has be5 ask$ _m times b no "o has be5 able to answ] x 9 any conv9c+ way4 ,!re h be5 advocates ( bo? sides ( ! "q4 ,! fact rema9s t no "o kn[s4 ,we d n "k h[ well *ildr5 c\ld spell fifty1 or ev5 tw5ty-five1 ye>s ago4 ,z "t goes by !re is a glam\r ?r[n ov] ! pa/ & we see only ! high lights4 ,we rememb] t 9 spell+ a mat* !re 0 a c]ta9 boy1 or girl1 :o spell$ d[n ! entire s*ool "t aft] "t1 or possibly _h a reputation = be+ ! be/ spell] 9 ! entire c\nty4 ,:5 a spell+ mat* 0 ann\nc$ x 0 a =egone conclusion t ! victory lay betwe5 two or ?ree pupils4 ,h[ _m *ildr5 ( ! eigh? grade c\ld spell ! foll[+ li/ ( words8 ph?isicky i*?yology ab/emi\s demoniacal magi/]ial convalesce calligraphy sac*>9 ,we rememb] ! pupils :o 7 able to spell ^! difficult words1 & we =get ^? :o 7 unable to spell !m4 ,we rememb] ! good spell]s & =get h[ _m poor ones !re 74 ,! "q is n :e!r "o or two c\ld spell1 or le>n to spell su* words1 b c\ld ne>ly e pupil 9 ! s*ool spell su* words8 ,if !y c\ld1 :at use did !y make ( _! k8 ,! coroll>y to ! proposition is1 h[ _m 7 unable to spell 8:i*10 8!re10 8writ+10 8guess10 & a ?\s& o!r common words8 ,! "q !n is fairly be=e u2 viz41 ,:at is ! object ( tea*+ spell+8 ,,object ,,( ,,tea*+ ,,spell+ ,ev] s9ce ! s*ool ( e>ly days spell+ has accompani$ 8read+1 'rit+1 & 'ri?metic0 z a "p ( ! curriculum4 ,! day :5 read+ 0 taught by ! 8spell+ me?od10 s call$1 is n f> back 9 ! pa/4 8,h[ c "o le>n to read if "o does n "k 8 lett]s1 t he may be able to spell out ! words t he meets 9 8 read+80 ,n until rec5tly has ! "q be5 ask$1 8,:y d we /udy spell+ at all80 ,d we ne$ x 9 our read+8 ,mod]n me?ods h %[n u t we d n4 ,we ne$ to "k h[ to spell only :5 we wi% to write4 ,h[ (t5 does ! av]age p]son write 8ph?isicky10 8magi/]ial10 8i*?yology10 8convalesce10 & o!r equally uncommon words8 ,n (t51 p]haps nev]4 ,!n :y sp5d ! "t ( our ov]cr[d$ s*ool day 9 hav+ *ildr5 try to le>n ^! words1 :5 num]\s rec5t inve/igations %[ positively t *ildr5 are con/antly misspell+ 8:i*10 8!re10 8_!10 & _m o!r common1 ev]yday words8 ,,tea*+ ,,v]sus ,,te/+ ,= _m ye>s ! spell+ lesson has be51 ) _m tea*]s1 a means ( obta9+ a brea?+ space 9 ! day's "w4 ,x 0 comp>atively easy to say to ! *ildr5 8,take ! next tw5ty words40 ,! /udy ( ^! words took "s "t1 & x 0 easy "w to dictate ! lesson at ! end ( fifte5 or tw5ty m9utes1 h ! pupils ex*ange pap]s1 & correct ! words4 ,:at 0 ! net result at ! end ( ! ye>8 ,no "o knew4 ,_h !y te/$ ! "r words = ! giv5 grade8 ,no "o knew4 ,!y _h te/$ ! words t 7 giv5 9 ! spell+ book adopt$ by ! city1 t[n1 or /ate4 ,mo/ ( ! books conta9$ f #aj1jjj to #ab1jjj words4 ,t ! *ildr5 did n use _m ( ^! words 9 _! writt5 "w made little or no diff]5ce4 ,9 "s cases at lea/1 ! au?or ( a spell+ book took ! diction>y & />t$ ) ! a's & proce$$ ?r\gh ! alphabet1 decid+ t ! *ildr5 ought to "k h[ to spell ?is ^w1 & t ^w1 & s on ?r\gh ! diction>y1 ,no attempt 0 made to f9d out :e!r ! pupil us$ ! words or n1 & no attempt 0 made to place ! words accord+ to _! use 9 ! prop] grade4 ,0 x possible = a tea*] us+ su* a book to te/ ! "r words8 ,probably n4 ,%e te/$ all %e c\ld4 ,%e assign$ t5 words a day = ab\t #aej days dur+ ! ye>1 or if %e d>$1 or ! c\rse ( /udy call$ = x1 tw5ty1 or tw5ty-five words 7 giv5 9 ! upp] grades4 ,! tea*] 0 compell$ to d s 9 ord] to f9i% ! spell]4 ,did %e tea* ! words8 ,h[ c\ld %e tea* ev5 ! t5 words 9 ! %ort "t all[$8 ,9 ord] t spell+ words might be taught "s tea*]s sugge/$ t five new words a day w\ld be suffici5t to meet ! ne$s ( ! pupil4 ,! answ] ( _m tea*]s1 foll[+ anci5t traditions1 %[s t !y ?9k t ?is w\ld be unwise4 ,n to tea* 8:i*10 8!re10 8_!10 & su* words until ! upp] grades c]ta9ly w\ld be ev5 m unwise4 ,tea*]s h _h ! mi/ak5 idea t *ildr5 le>n to spell _m words because ( con/ant use1 & t !re is no ne$ ( tea*+ !m4 ,rec5t /udies h %[n t ?is is n true except ) respect to occasional *ildr5 :o h already develop$ :at has be5 call$ a spell+ consci\sness4 ,9 ! va/ majority ( cases ?is spell+ consci\sness ne$s to be develop$4 ,to accompli% ?is words h to be select$1 & c>efully & sy/ematically taught1 to mo/ *ildr54 ,! selection ( words1 !re=e1 is an important "w ( ! au?or ( a spell+ book4 ,?anks to rec5t inve/igations ! day has come :5 two important que/ions are be+ ask$3 #a4 ,:at words ought we to tea*8 #b4 ,h[ %all ^! select$ words be taught8 ,,selection ,,( ,a ,,vocabul>y ,9 ! pa/ tea*]s h _h little or no?+ to d ) ! selection ( ! widely diff]+ vocabul>ies :i* !y h _h to tea*4 ,! be/ ( our tea*]s h attempt$ to select a reasonable li/ f ! spell+ book :i* has be5 provid$4 ,t selection1 h[ev]1 has be5 limit$ by ! spell+ book 9 use1 ! vocabul>y ( :i* has already be5 select$1 & may or may n be a reasonable "o4 ,! "q may ev5 be rais$1 8,to :at ext5t c tea*]s intellig5tly select ! vocabul>y :i* %\ld be taught80 ,9 #aiad tea*]s ( ! city ( ,bo/on *os5 f all ! elem5t>y grades1 7 ask$ to make a selection ( words fitt$ = _! respective grades4 ,! significant ?+ 9 _! report 0 t ! second grade tea*]s *ose n only words :i* %\ld be taught 9 ! second grade1 b also words :i* ev5tually %\ld be taught 9 ea* lat] grade2 & _m tea*]s ( ! eigh? grade select$ words :i* %\ld h be5 taught 9 a previ\s grade4 8,always10 = example1 0 9 ! li/ ( "o or m tea*]s ( e grade1 ,i to ,,viii inclusive4 ,_m o!r words 7 9 ! li/s ( tea*]s ( sev]al grades4 ,9 #aiaf ,jones's 8,hundr$ ,demons0 7see page #bb1 ,"p ,,iii7 7 giv5 to =ty-five second grade tea*]s = !m to select ! words :i* %\ld be reta9$ 9 ! second grade4 ,sev5ty-n9e ( ^! words are among ,ayres's 8,?\s& ,commone/ ,words 9 ! ,engli% ,language40 ,e ^w 0 vot$ to be reta9$ by "o1 or m ?an "o1 second grade tea*] z suitable to be taught to second grade pupils4 ,a gr\p ( tw5ty-eight prospective ,bo/on tea*]s1 :o _h _h "s exp]i5ce 9 ! grades z practice tea*]s1 & mu* exp]i5ce 9 obs]vation1 0 ask$ to arrange ! foll[+ li/ ( words 9 ! ord] ( _! difficulty3 a*e en\gh direction company bus9ess hop$ ocean muscle s5t5ce :e!r ,! directions giv5 7 to place ! easie/ ^w1 9 s f> z its spell+ difficulty 0 conc]n$1 fir/1 & ! mo/ difficult ^w la/1 ! o!rs to be arrang$ accord+ to ! difficulty ( ea*4 ,aft] ! sev]al li/s 7 collect$ x 0 f\nd t ea* ( ! t5 words _h be5 class$ z mo/ difficult by "s "o1 & ea* ( ! t5 words _h be5 class$ z lea/ difficult by "s "o4 ,?us all ! inve/igations t5d to %[ t tea*]s are n able to select words accord+ to _! difficulty4 ,! difficulty c only be f\nd by exp]im5t+ ) ?\s&s ( *ildr5 & by labori\sly correct+ & tabulat+ ! results4 ,=tunately we h a numb] ( su* inve/igations1 s t ! assignm5t ( words to a c]ta9 grade ne$ n be :olly dep5d5t ^u ! judgm5t ( an individual tea*]1 b ^u ! results obta9$ f te/+ ?\s&s ( *ildr5 by a numb] ( diff]5t skill$ inve/igators4 ,,selection ,,( ,a ,,vocabul>y ,,?r\gh ,,inve/igation ,a mo/ important inve/igation ( ! vocabul>ies ( *ildr5 has be5 made by ,dr4 ,w4 ,frankl9 ,jones ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,s\? ,dakota4 ,dr4 ,jones /udi$ #ge1jjj !mes writt5 by *ildr5 ( all grades f ! second to ! eigh? inclusive1 ga!r$ f ?ree diff]5t /ates1 & av]ag+ a little less ?an #aij words ea*4 ,! numb] ( !mes p] /ud5t rang$ f #ef to #aje4 ,! total numb] ( words am\nt$ to ne>ly #ae1jjj1jjj4 ,among ! important results ( ?is inve/igation ! foll[+ /& out significantly3 #a4 ,out ( ! #ae1jjj1jjj words us$ !re 7 only #d1ecb diff]5t words us$ by m ?an #b ( ! pupils4 7#e1jjj c>efully select$ words are1 !re=e1 probably suffici5t = pupils to le>n 9 ! fir/ eight ye>s ( s*ool47 #b4 ,! numb] ( words li/$ p] pupil rang$ f #dca1 ! smalle/ vocabul>y 9 ! second grade1 to #b1hab = ! l>ge/ vocabul>y ( an eigh? grade pupil4 ,?is does n necess>ily mean t #c1jjj words are suffici5t = ! spell+ vocabul>y ( *ildr5 9 our s*ools4 ,! fact t ! v>i\s inve/igators disagree to "s ext5t 9 ! vocabul>ies :i* !y f9d1 is en\gh to prove ?is po9t4 ,!re are _m factors1 su* z home conditions1 nationality1 & locality1 :i* may affect ! numb] ( words t w be us$4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ! numb] is increas$ to approximately twice ! l>ge/ s+le vocabul>y f\nd1 all ( ! common words ( ! be/ inve/igations w h be5 includ$4 #c4 ,! av]age numb] ( words 9 ! writt5 vocabul>y ( ea* grade is z foll[s3 ,grade #b #eba ,grade #c #ijh ,grade #d #a1bce ,grade #e #a1dhi ,grade #f #a1gaj ,grade #g #a1ibf ,grade #h #b1ace ,jones %[s t ! writ+ vocabul>y ( *ildr5 is comp>atively small4 ,?is n>r[s our spell+ problem )9 correspond+ly small limits4 #d4 ,( ! #d1ecb diff]5t words ! numb] us$ by at lea/ #b ( ! pupils 9 ! respective grades 0 z foll[s3 ,grade #b #a1ibg ,grade #c1 new words add$ #dfi ,grade #d1 new words add$ #ddb ,grade #e1 new words add$ #dcb ,grade #f1 new words add$ #dbe ,grade #g1 new words add$ #dai ,grade #h1 new words add$ #dah ---------- #d1ecb ,,:5 ,,%\ld ,,spell+ ,,be ,,taught ,! sci5tific tea*+ ( spell+ requires t words %all be taught 9 ! grade 9 :i* !y are fir/ us$4 ,:5 ! *ild fir/ ent]s s*ool 8 speak+ vocabul>y is comp>atively l>ge4 ,8 read+ vocabul>y v>ies f no?+ to "o fairly l>ge1 dep5d+1 9 "p1 on ! home f :i* ! *ild comes4 ,8 writ+ vocabul>y is v limit$1 ev5 "u ! be/ ( conditions4 ,?is latt] increases v rapidly dur+ ! fir/ ?ree ye>s4 ,! tea*+ ( ne>ly #b1jjj words 9 ! second grade becomes1 ( c\rse1 a gigantic1 ev5 an impossible1 task4 ,! ,,ald9e ,,spell] obviates ?is 9 two ways3 7a7 ,by po/pon+ ! tea*+ ( ! words lea/ likely to be us$ 9 ! second grade until a lat] grade4 7b7 ,_m ( ! words :i* %\ld be taught 9 ! e>ly grades h basic p>ts :i* h be5 call$ phonograms4 ,by use ( ^! phonogram gr\ps1 or 8families10 ! numb] ( words taught 9 ! fir/ & second grades c be v greatly increas$1 & ! be/ possible f\ndation giv5 = ! developm5t ( a spell+ s5se4 ,! ,,ald9e ,,spell] makes full use ( ?is pr9ciple1 & a v complete li/ ( phonic 8families0 w be f\nd at ! close ( ! "w ( ! second ye>4 7,see page #fe1 ,"p ,i47 ,att5tion is also call$ to sugge/ions = tea*+ su* words on page #bh ( ?is manual4 ,,o!r ,,inve/igations ,9 #aiaa ,mr4 ,r4 ,c4 ,eldridge publi%$ ! results ( a /udy ( #bej diff]5t newspap] articles occurr+ 9 f\r issues ( a ,buffalo ,sunday pap]4 ,( ! #dc1jih words tabulat$ !re 7 only #f1jjb diff]5t words4 ,?is aga9 %[s t ! writ+ vocabul>y ev5 ( adults is comp>atively small4 ,cook & ,o',%ea /udi$ ! correspond5ce ( ?irte5 adults1 tabulat+ #bjj1jjj words1 & f\nd only #e1bjj diff]5t words4 ,!re is "o und]ly+ *>act]i/ic ( ea* ( ^! ?ree /udies2 viz41 ! writ+1 & !re=e ! spell+1 vocabul>y ( individuals is mu* small] ?an we =m]ly consid]$ x1 & consi/s ( approximately #e1jjj words4 7,! ,,ald9e vocabul>y conta9s approximately #e1jjj c>efully select$ words :i* %\ld =m ! basis ( ! writ+ vocabul>y ( an eigh? grade pupil47 ,,! ,,con/ruction ,,( ,a ,,spell+ ,,scale ,9 #aiae ,dr4 ,leon>d ,p4 ,ayres ( ! ,russell ,sage ,f\ndation tabulat$ "s ( ! li/s ( words !n available & made a selection ( ! #a1jjj commone/ words4 ,?is li/ ( #a1jjj words 0 !n divid$ into #ej li/s ( #bj words ea* & giv5 9 ! middle ( ! ye> to ! *ildr5 ( two consecutive grades 9 a numb] ( cities4 ,z a *eck1 words 7 tak5 f ea* ( ! fifty li/s & recomb9$ into new sets ( tw5ty words ea*1 !n s5t out z te/s 9 ea* ( f\r consecutive grades 9 diff]5t cities4 ,! :ole numb] ( *ildr5 ?us te/$ 0 #gj1jjj 9 #hd cities 9 grades ,,ii to ,,viii inclusive4 ,on ! basis ( ?is te/+ ! ,ayres ,spell+ ,scale 0 organiz$4 ,! significant features ( ! scale are3 7#a7 ,x conta9s only ! commone/ words4 7#b7 ,x gives approximately :at "o ought to expect f any giv5 grade :5 spell+ words t are li/$ z equal 9 spell+ difficulty4 7#c7 ,! det]m9ation ( ! difficulty ( any ^w 0 n dep5d5t on ! judgm5t ( any "o p]son1 or gr\p ( p]sons1 b on ! ability ( a l>ge gr\p ( *ildr5 to spell ^? words by writ+ !m4 ,9 giv+ ! te/s = ! purpose ( ?is scale x 0 n previ\sly kn[n :e!r ! words _h be5 /udi$ or n4 ,x has be5 f\nd t te/+ ^! words aft] !y h be5 c>efully taught yields f #e to #bj high] accuracy4 ,because !y are ! mo/ common words 9 our language 7,ayres f\nd t ^! words comprise approximately #ij ( our writ+ vocabul>y7 !y are ! words :i* ought to be taught c>efully & ?or\ghly4 ,all ( ^! words occur 9 ! ,ald9e ,vocabul>y4 ,,! ,,bo/on ,,li/ ,! ,bo/on ,m9imum ,li/ consi/s ( words select$ f li/s t _h be5 s5t 9 by ! tea*]s ( ! diff]5t grades z ! words :i*1 9 _! op9ion1 %\ld be taught 9 _! respective classes4 ,two hundr$ & ?irty-sev5 tea*]s s5t 9 li/s ( approximately ?irty-five words ea*4 ,^! words 7 !n arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord] toge!r ) ! numb] ( tea*]s report+ ea* ^w4 ,all words 7 !n arrang$ 9 two li/s1 a m9imum li/ compos$ ( words :i* x 0 consid]$ desirable = e *ild to "k1 & a supplem5t>y li/1 includ+ all ! o!r words :i* _h be5 report$4 ,! words 7 at ! same "t assign$ to ! grades 9 :i* !y 7 to be taught on ! foll[+ basis3 #a4 ,only ^? words t 7 report$ by at lea/ five tea*]s 7 plac$ 9 ! m9imum li/4 #b4 ,any giv5 ^w 0 plac$ 9 ! grade 9 :i* x 0 report$ by ! l>ge/ numb] ( tea*]s4 #c4 ,if ! spell+ ( any ^w dep5d$ on a p>ticul> rule or sugge/ion ! ^w 0 plac$ 9 ! grade 9 :i* su* a rule or sugge/ion 0 giv5 9 ! c\rse ( /udy !n 9 =ce4 ,aft] a ye>'s "w on ! words !y 7 assign$ a value det]m9$ by ! p]c5tage ( *ildr5 :o 7 able to spell ! ^w correctly 9 a c>efully controll$ te/4 ,?is provid$ a def9ite problem = ! tea*] because x po9t$ out ! easy & ! difficult words4 ,a ^w ) a high p]c5tage ( accuracy 0 consid]$ an easy ^w4 ,a ^w ) a l[ p]c5tage ( accuracy 0 consid]$ a difficult ^w4 ,,o!r ,,li/s ,f "t to "t dur+ ! la/ few ye>s o!r li/s ( words h be5 organiz$1 all ) ! view ( cons]v+ ! "t giv5 to spell+ by requir+ ! pupil to le>n to spell only ^? words = :i* he has an imm$iate or a probable future use4 ,!re has also be5 an attempt on ! "p ( a few ( ! organiz]s to det]m9e ! difficulty ( ! li/s z 0 done 9 ,bo/on4 ,su* li/s h be5 organiz$ 9 ,/4 ,l\is & ,kansas ,city1 ,miss\ri1 & 9 o!r places1 notably 9 ! /ate ( ,i[a4 ,,! ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,ald9e ,,spell] ,! vocabul>y ( ! ,,ald9e ,,spell] has be5 select$ ) great c>e4 ,all ! important li/s 7 tabulat$ 9 su* a way z to %[ ! recurr5ce ( ! words & ! grade di/ribution4 ,c>eful te/+ & /udy 7 giv5 :]e !re 7 significant v>iations 9 ord] to det]m9e ! correct selection & gradation4 ,9 addition to ?is ! vocabul>ies ( sev]al ( ! be/ kn[n textbooks 7 tabulat$ to asc]ta9 ! basis1 if any1 ( _! selection ( words4 ,^! vocabul>ies v>i$ s l>gely z to be ( little value except to %[ ! defects ( unsci5tific selection4 ,approximately #e1jjj words 7 f9ally *os54 ,^! include ! words 9 common use & su* words 9 ! upp] grades z are necess>y to tea* ! v>y+ vocabul>y ( life by ! developm5t ( desirable =ms4 ,)\t ?is att5tion to d]ivatives1 difficult end+s1 ! error produc+ problems ( ie or ei1 & ! d\bl+ ( ! f9al consonant1 no c\rse 9 le>n+ to spell is complete or fully effective4 ,aft] ! selection ( ! words a s]ies ( illu/rative s5t5ces 0 ga!r$ f _m s\rces4 ,_m ( ^! s5t5ces are quotations f our be/ au?ors1 are )9 ! grasp ( ! *ildr51 & w be f\nd invaluable = memoriz+1 z dictation ex]cises1 or us$ simply to illu/rate ! use ( ! words taught 9 ! previ\s lessons4 ,f9ally1 at ! end ( ! "w = ea* grade1 w be f\nd an alphabetically arrang$ li/ ( all ! words taught 9 t grade1 ) ! exception ( ! phonic words taught 9 ! fir/ & second grades :i* are n alphabetically arrang$4 ,! latt] w be f\nd1 ) o!rs ( ! same 8family10 or s]ies1 at ! end ( ,"p ,i4 ,,types ,,( ,,le>n+ ,9 ! pa/ ! me?od ( giv+ ! spell+ lesson 0 to assign a li/ ( words = pupils to /udy4 ,aft] a p]iod ( "t ! lesson 0 8recit$40 ,! 8recitation0 consi/$ l>gely ( te/+ ! pupils1 ei!r orally or ?r\gh writt5 "w1 to see if !y _h le>n$ :at _h be5 assign$ to !m4 ,?is me?od ( le>n+ spell+ appeal$ to only "o type ( pupil1 i4e41 ! pupil :o le>n$ by see+4 ,h[ev]1 we "k n[ t1 al?\gh mo/ *ildr5 dep5d l>gely ^u vision = :at !y le>n1 !re are ^? :o le>n be/ by he>+ ! ^w spok51 :ile !re are o!rs :o le>n be/ by go+ ?r\gh ! motions ( mak+ ! lett]s1 ei!r ) ! ?roat or ! h&1 & a l>ge majority le>n be/ by us+ all f\r processes4 ,to obta9 ! be/ results tea*]s are urg$ to give ! pupils a *ance to use all f\r processes1 n = ! purpose ( te/+ _! ability to spell1 b z a me?od ( le>n+4 ,9 ?is way appeal is made successively to ! eye1 ! e>1 ! vocal organs1 & ! h&4 ,all ^! tak5 toge!r =m associations :i* w be ( great help 9 enabl+ ! pupil to reta9 ! correct spell+ ( ! ^w4 ,x gives ! pupil a m5tal picture ( ! ^w ?r\gh ! s5se t is be/ suit$ to him1 besides giv+ all pupils ! help ( all ! s5ses 9 fix+ ! ^w4 ,if ! s5se ( he>+ holds an important place 9 le>n+ to spell !n oral spell+ becomes an important factor 9 ! tea*+ & le>n+ to spell4 ,oral spell+ %\ld always prec$e writt5 spell+4 ,,writt5 ,,spell+ ,ability to spell a ^w means ! c>ry+ out ( c]ta9 habits :i* h already be5 =m$4 ,if ^! habits are "r !n ! ^w is spell$ correctly4 ,if *ildr5 h n =m$ ! "r set ( habits1 if _! pronunciation is wrong1 if _! m5tal picture is di/ort$1 if imp]fect vision causes !m to see ! ^w indi/9ctly1 if _! he>+ is n normal1 or if ! cord9ation ( ! muscles is poor1 any or all ( ^! ?+s w lead to ! misspell+ ( a ^w4 ,x is highly important1 !re=e1 t ! fir/ impression :i* ! pupil gets ( ! ^w %all be a correct "o4 ,t fir/ impressions are la/+ mu/ be cont9ually kept 9 m9d4 ,! me?od ( tea*+ w help or h9d] ! gett+ ( ?is correct impression4 ,,pronunciation ,,& ,,enunciation ,assum+ t e ^w 9 ! spell+ lesson is already long s9ce 9 ! *ild's speak+ vocabul>y !re %\ld be no ^w 9 x t he _c & does n pron\nce correctly4 ,h[ev]1 !re are "s v common words too (t5 mispron\nc$4 ,! tea*] %\ld wat* = ^! words & secure a correct pronunciation4 ,!re is little *ance = a boy to spell 8kept0 correctly1 if he pron\nces ! ^w z ?\gh x 7 spell$ 8k-e-p40 ,9 words ( m ?an "o syllable ! =m %\ld be emphasiz$ by syllabication1 ?us mak+ c]ta9 t ea* syllable is pron\nc$4 ,( #aee pupils :o misspell$ 8b\nd>y10 #ajj1 or #fd4e spell$ ! ^w !y he>d1 namely 8b\ndry40 ,?is spell+ 0 c]ta9ly caus$ by poor pronunciation4 ,syllabication makes ! spell+ m obvi\s1 promotes cle> enunciation1 & assi/s 9 mak+ a cle> m5tal picture ( ! ^w4 ,if ! ^w is compos$ ( two words1 z 8some:]e10 he sees m readily t ! long ^w is only made up ( ! two %ort words ) :i* he is already famili>4 ,?r\gh\t ! book all words ( m ?an "o syllable are s syllabicat$ :5 fir/ taught4 ,x is unwise to require *ildr5 to divide su* words 9 a writt5 spell+ lesson4 ,mu* "t & mu* ?\ght may wisely be giv5 to ! enunciation ( *ildr54 ,cle> & accurate enunciation %\ld always be dem&$4 ,*ildr5 /rongly t5d to spell z !y speak4 ,slov5ly enunciation w give inaccurate spell+4 ,,root ,,words ,,& ,,d]iv$ ,,words ,!re is abundant mat]ial ?r\gh\t ! book illu/rat+ ! *anges 9 root words :5 d]ivatives are =m$4 ,?is does n mean1 h[ev]1 t !re is no?+ = ! tea*] to d4 ,! tea*] mu/ keep con/antly 9 m9d t x is n necess>ily true t because ! *ild c spell 8heal?10 he c spell 8heal?y40 ,bel[ is giv5 a li/ ( tw5ty-?ree words & "o or m d]ivatives :i* 7 giv5 to approximately #a1jjj *ildr5 9 ! six? grade4 ,x 0 kn[n be=eh& t ! root ^w _h be5 taught ei!r dur+ ! ye> or 9 ! fif? grade4 ,! numb] foll[+ ea* ^w indicates ! p]c5tage ( accuracy ) :i* ea* ^w 0 spell$4 ,x w be not$ t 9 ea* case ! root ^w 0 spell$ ) f #e to #dj high] accuracy ?an ! d]ivatives4 ,,comp>ison ,,( ,,roots ,,& ,,d]ivatives 7,all root words occurr$ 9 ! six? grade m9imum li/47 abbreviate #gh abbreviates #ge abs5ce #he abs5ces #ge accid5t #ij accid5ts #gg arrange #ib arrang+ #hf attack #id attack$ #hg attack+ #id b\nd>y #hg b\nd>ies #fg c5tury #ic c5turies #gg comm5ce #he comm5c$ #ha comm5c+ #gd conqu] #hi conqu]$ #hj deceive #hj deceiv+ #gj decide #hg decid$ #he decid+ #he describe #hb describ+ #gf indu/ry #if indu/ries #gi judge #ih judges #ic mat]ial #hd mat]ials #ge mosquito #id mosquitoes #ei recognize #hg recogniz$ #he return #ih return$ #ic return+ #ie sal>y #hf sal>ies #gg telegraph #ih telegraph$ #ij telephone #ih telephon$ #ie v5tilate #hg v5tilat$ #he :>f #ii :>ves #fi ,9 e case b "o 7attack+7 ! d]ivative prov$ itself a h>d] ^w to spell ev5 ?\gh x1 too1 _h be5 taught4 ,s9ce x is important t *ildr5 %\ld "k h[ to spell su* common words z 8judges10 8mosquitoes10 etc41 z well z ! root ^w1 _m d]iv$ =ms mu/ be consid]$ z pres5t+ new spell+ problems & taught z su*4 ,s9ce x is impossible to tea* all d]ivatives & ! ne$s ( ! pupils are v>i$1 c>eful tra9+ 9 ! =mation ( d]ivatives mu/ be giv54 ,,homophones ,,or ,,homonyms ,homophones1 or z !y are m commonly call$1 homonyms1 are words spell$ diff]5tly b pron\nc$ alike4 ,?r\gh\t ! text ( ?is book !y h be5 purposely kept ap>t4 ,inve/igation /rongly po9ts to ! conclusion t !y %\ld be kept ap>t until ! correct spell+ has become a fix$ habit1 & ! ability to use !m correctly 9 s5t5ces reasonably sure4 ,9 ord] t no confusion z to ! prop] use ( a homophone may arise 9 ! *ild's m9d1 x %\ld be pres5t$ 9 a phrase1 or /ill bett] 9 a complete s5t5ce4 ,9 dictat+ words x %\ld nev] be tak5 = grant$ t ! *ild kn[s :i* "o ( a pair ( homophones is meant4 ,a s5t5ce %\ld be giv5 to %[ :i* "o is requir$4 ,spell+ !re correctly 9 a column ( words does n necess>ily mean t ! ^w w\ld be spell$ correctly 9 a s5t5ce4 ,if ! *ild always he>s x 9 its prop] sett+ !re w be a t5d5cy always to see x 9 ?is sett+ ) ! correct spell+ naturally foll[+4 ,,prop] ,,names ,! prop] names t %\ld be taught v>y ) ! community & ! s*ool4 ,! tea*] %\ld h]self select ^? t ne$ to be taught to h] class4 ,9 ! fir/ grade ! *ild %\ld be taught to spell 8 own "n4 ,9 ! second grade he %\ld be taught ! mo/ common names ( o!r *ildr5 9 ! room1 ! "n ( ! tea*]1 ( ! city or t[n1 & ( ! /ate4 ,he %\ld be taught t ^! names always beg9 ) a capital lett]4 ,o!r local names ( special importance %\ld be taught at ! discretion ( ! tea*]4 ,9 lat] grades ! names t are ne$$ 9 ,geography & ,hi/ory %\ld be taught 9 connection ) ^? subjects4 ,,use ,,( ,,! ,,diction>y ,! 8diction>y habit0 is a mo/ desirable "o4 ,^? *ildr5 are =tunate :o h in/ant access to a diction>y :5 !y beg9 ! "w 9 ! f\r? grade4 ,h[ev]1 *ildr5 mu/ be taught h[ to use ! diction>y4 ,sugge/ions = tea*+ ! use ( x may be f\nd 9 ! sugge/ions = ea* grade4 7,see pages #cg1 #db1 #df1 #ee1 etc47 ,d n dead5 ! int]e/ by requir+ ! pupils to look up e ^w 9 ! lesson1 b r h !m look up all words ^: spell+ or pronunciation is unc]ta94 ,su* "w may be us$ v pr(itably z a language lesson r ?an z a "p ( ! spell+ lesson4 ,_m int]e/+ & helpful lessons may be giv5 9 =m+ plurals1 add+ prefixes & suffixes1 select+ d]ivatives1 & f9d+ synonyms o!r ?an ^? giv5 9 ! book4 ,no lesson %\ld be assign$ 9 ! diction>y be=e ! *ildr5 h be5 taught h[ to use x4 ,! lessons 9 ?is book sugge/ h[ to tea* its use & give "s practical exp]i5ce 9 consult+ x = ! pronunciation ( words4 ,! res\rceful tea*] w f9d opportunity = mu* additional practice4 ,,rules ,,& ,,_! ,,uses ,! ,,ald9e ,,spell] aims to develop a few g5]al rules = spell+4 ,^! are c>efully develop$ ?r\gh\t ! grades b appe> z =mal rules only 9 ! lat] grades4 ,! f\ndation ( "s ( ! rules is laid 9 ,"p ,i1 & ! developm5t cont9ues ?r\gh\t ! succe$+ grades4 7,see lesson #eg1 grade ,,iii1 lesson #gd1 grade ,,iv1 etc47 ,,review ,,li/s ,?r\gh\t ! book1 review li/s are common4 ,! "t usually allott$ to ! spell+ lesson is %ort &1 !re=e1 only ^? words :i* h be5 %[n by inve/igation to ne$ review+ occur 9 ^! review li/s4 ,words pres5t+ ! mo/ difficulty are (t5 repeat$ 9 ! same & succe$+ grades4 ,! words :i* are recurr+ con/antly 9 ! writt5 vocabul>y ( *ildr5 are ! words :i* !y ne$ to be sure t !y h ma/]$4 ,includ+ only su* words = review w enable bo? tea*] & pupil to cons]ve ! "t ( ! s*ool day4 ,! lessons are %ort & x is expect$ t ea* ^w is to be c>efully taught ! fir/ "t4 ,if ?is is done & ! pupil's li/ ( ! misspell$ words is kept1 ! ne$ ( long reviews w be m9imiz$4 ,o!r li/s 9 ! =m ( reviews consi/ ( gr\ps ( words especially allud$ to by o!r au?ors4 ,= example1 at ! close ( ! "w ( ! ?ird grade w be f\nd ! hundr$ commone/ words 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,ayres po9ts out t ^! words ) _! repetitions con/itute ab\t "o-half ( all ! words we write4 ,!re is no "q ab\t ! ne$ ( ?or\ghly ma/]+ !m e>ly4 ,on pages #db & #dc ( ! fif? ye> "w & pages #hd & #he ( ! six? ye> w be f\nd li/s ( words tak5 f ! #a1jjj commone/ words ( ! ,engli% language4 ,at ! end ( o!r grades w be f\nd li/s ( kn[n tr\ble mak]s :i* %\ld be c>efully review$4 ,,use ,,( ,,vocabul>y ,at ! end ( ! "w = ea* grade1 ! li/ ( ! words taught 9 ! grade is giv54 ,if ! ^w is taught 9 any previ\s grade an a/]isk is plac$ be=e ! ^w4 ,= example1 :i* appe>s 9 ! vocabul>y ( grade ,,vi 9 ?is mann]3 99 :i*4 ,?is %[s t :i* has be5 taught 9 a previ\s grade b does n tell 9 :at grades1 nor h[ _m times x occurs 9 ea* grade4 ,x is giv5 9 ! vocabul>y ( grade ,v 9 ! same mann]4 ,9 grade ,,iii x occurs )\t ! a/]isk1 %[+ t ?is ^w occurs = ! fir/ "t 9 grade ,,iii4 ,^! vocabul>ies %\ld be ( great value to bo? tea*] & pupil z !y w enable bo? to det]m9e at once ! words :i* h be5 taught 9 ! respective grades4 ,if ! ^w has be5 taught 9 a previ\s grade ! tea*] w "k x & gov]n h]self accord+ly4 ,if ! ^w has be5 pres5t$ 9 t grade ! pupil has a *ance to f9d out ! spell+ )\t consult+ ! tea*]1 ?us sav+ ! tea*]'s "t4 ,,phonetic ,,words ,_m ( ! words 9 ?is book are gr\p$ into phonetic li/s4 ,! object ( ?is is /rongly to impress ! basic "p ( ^! words ^u ! *ild4 ,! repeat$ sight1 s\nd1 & spell+ ( ?is common comb9ation ( lett]s makes x possible to le>n ! words 9 a li/ easily & 9 a %ort "t4 ,,an ,,effective ,,me?od #a4 ,write "o ( ! words on ! blackbo>d4 ,:ile writ+ ! ^w pron\nce x v di/9ctly by syllables1 be+ cle> 9 enunciation4 #b4 ,h ! ^w pron\nc$ 9 conc]t by ! class & individually by poor spell]s1 p>ticul>ly ^? ^: enunciation is naturally poor4 #c4 ,develop ! mean+ orally by us+ ! ^w 9 a s5t5ce1 or def9+ x4 #d4 ,rewrite ! ^w divid+ x into syllables ei!r by a slight break or a l9e4 ,call on pupils to spell orally by syllables1 z3 i-n--d-e--p-e-n-d--e-n-t--indep5d5t4 #e4 ,h pupils indicate famili> p>ts or phonograms 9 ! words4 ,h !m po9t out peculi>ities1 non-phonetic elem5ts1 sil5t lett]s1 d\ble consonants1 etc4 ,call att5tion to any t !y d n obs]ve4 #f4 ,h pupils write ! ^w at lea/ two or ?ree times1 pron\nc+ x s(tly by syllables1 or spell+ x sil5tly z !y write4 #g4 ,aft] ! words ( ! lesson h be5 /udi$ 9 ?is way1 all[ pupils to /udy ! words sil5tly1 lay+ /ress on words :i* h seem$ mo/ difficult to !m4 #h4 ,be> 9 m9d ! foll[+3 7a7 ,a s+le lesson %\ld consi/ ( a small numb] ( words4 ,! ,,ald9e ,,spell] plans = two or ?ree new sight words 7or five to sev5 words 9 a phonic s]ies7 = a lesson 9 ! l[] grades1 gradually increas+ until five or six new words may be us$ 9 a lesson 9 ! upp] grades4 7b7 ,errors %\ld be anticipat$ & prev5t$ z f> z possible4 ,create a /rong impression ( ! ^w at ! beg9n+4 7c7 ,correct pronunciation1 & above all cle> enunciation1 %\ld be insi/$ on at all times4 7d7 ,writ+ ! ^w on ! bo>d or on pap] imm$iately aft] ! oral discussion ( x gives ! 8muscle feel0 ( ! ^w t is ( great importance4 7e7 ,! anci5t cu/om ( requir+ ! writ+ ( words a numb] ( times z a puni%m5t is a crime4 7f7 ,a weekly te/ %\ld be giv54 ,?is %\ld consi/ ( words taught dur+ ! week1 ( words previ\sly misspell$ by ! pupils1 ( words f ! 8,demon ,books10 or p]sonal li/s ( ! pupils4 ,,correction ,,( ,a ,,^w ,9 ! pa/ tea*]s 8correct$0 spell+ pap]s solely = ! purpose ( det]m9+ :i* words 7 spell$ incorrectly4 ,! bett] ?\ght is to exam9e spell+ pap]s = ! purpose ( f9d+ :i* words are wrong 9 ord] to det]m9e :y !y are misspell$4 ,?is helps ! tea*] because x enables h] to place ! emphasis on ! "p ( ! ^w :i* is difficult & t5ds to prev5t fur!r misspell+4 ,prev5t ! misspell+ ( a ^w at ! beg9n+4 ,=m "r habits ( spell+ r ?an attempt to correct bad habits ( spell+1 %\ld be ! slogan ( e tea*]4 ,9 correct+ spell+ x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t "s words h m ?an "o correct spell+4 ,! *ild's spell+ %\ld n be call$ incorrect if x is an approv$ =m4 ,call 8 att5tion to ! pref]r$ =m1 tell+ him :y x is pref]r$4 ,,pupil ,,li/s ,"o me?od ( br++ ab\t ?is =mation ( good habits is to h ea* pupil keep a li/ ( 8 own 8demons40 ,ea* pupil's li/ w be diff]5t1 = _m words are 8demons0 = "o pupil b n = ano!r4 ,?is li/ may include root words & d]ivatives1 or only d]ivative words4 ,ea* pupil %\ld be requir$ to keep 8 own li/ on :i* he1 p]sonally1 may be te/$ f "t to "t to see if he has ma/]$ ! words t h prov$ difficult = him to le>n4 ,?is li/ %\ld n include ! words t h be5 misspell$ accid5tally4 ,writ+ misspell$ li/s z a puni%m5t %\ld be absolutely =bidd54 ,,! ,,futility ,,( ,,"s ,,( ,,! ,,spell+ ,,gr9d ,evid5ce t simple & necess>y words are neglect$4 ,attempt+ to le>n ^!1 spectacle halo legacy gossam] sluice lurid buoyant l9e> aggrieve sup]lative romantic ob/9ate :ile misspell+ ^!3 ,illu/ration3 allways gess :it* %ur wem5 (f5 writt+ esy ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,fir/ ,,ye> ,,! ,,alphabet ,(t5 ! spell+ ( words is =c$ ^u ! *ild be=e he has prop]ly ma/]$ ! alphabet4 ,?is is ! cause ( mu* poor spell+1 mu* guess+ 9 ! prim>y grades4 ,be=e a *ild is all[$ to spell orally he %\ld be absolutely sure ( ! "n ( e lett]1 & he %\ld be able to recognize & "n x at sight4 ,be=e he is all[$ to write "o ^w 9 a dictat$ spell+ lesson1 ! pupil %\ld be able to write any lett] ( ! alphabet f dictation4 ,?is means t ! real /udy ( spell+ %\ld n be und]tak5 until ! middle ( ! fir/ ye> or lat]4 ,be sure t y\r pupils "k _! lett]s be=e beg9n+ spell+4 ,foll[+ are "s sugge/ions = alphabet drills4 ,use any t y ?9k helpful4 ,,alphabet ,,drills #a4 ,h pupils read ! alphabet 9 ord]1 po9t+ to ea* lett] z x is nam$4 #b4 ,h pupils po9t to ! lett]s 9 any ord] z y call !m4 ,9 ?is drill tea* !m ! approximate place ( ! lett]s1 t is1 to look = a1 d1 c1 f1 ne> ! beg9n+2 j1 n1 k1 o1 ne> ! middle2 t1 v1 w1 ne> ! end4 #c4 ,ask su* que/ions z1 8,:at lett] comes aft] m8 n8 d8 t80 #d4 ,consonant ,drills4 7a7 ,call a lett] & h pupils give ! s\nd4 7b7 ,s\nd a lett] & h pupils give ! "n4 #e4 ,writt5 ,"w4 7a7 ,h pupils copy ! alphabet 9 script f pr9t4 7b7 ,h pupils write ! alphabet f memory4 7c7 ,dictate ! lett]s 9 any ord] & require ! pupils to write !m4 ,"t ! *ildr5 9 ?is ex]cise1 enc\rag+ !m to write z rapidly z possible4 #f4 ,! ,typewrit] ,game4 ,call ! alphabet on page #g ( ! *ild's book ! keys ( a typewrit]4 ,h ! *ildr5 spell words1 t\*+ ! lett]s z ! lett] keys4 ,dictate z foll[s3 8,write at on y\r typewrit]40 ,! pupils t\* a & t z !y spell al\d4 ,!n dictate cat1 bat1 hat4 ,use phonetic words or words made ( lett]s ne> toge!r 9 ! alphabet4 ,! object ( ! ex]cise is to f9d quickly ! place ( ea* lett] 9 ! alphabet1 z well z to give ! ability to quickly recognize ! lett]s4 ,a ,,phonetic ,,li/ ,lesson #a1 ,page #h ,z may be se5 at a glance1 ?is lesson conta9s five words us+ ! phonogram un4 ,! directions & sugge/ions giv5 bel[ = ! /udy ( ?is p>ticul> lesson apply to all simil> phonetic lessons 9 ! book4 #a4 ,pron\nce ea* ^w di/9ctly1 giv+ its mean+ or us+ x 9 a s5t5ce1 z1 8sun--,! sun is %9+ brightly40 ,y ?us give ! *ildr5 ! ^w prop]ly us$ & leave 9 no pupil's m9d ! idea t y meant son4 8,fun--,did y h fun at recess "t1 ,tom80 ,tom's recollection ( ! recess games w associate ! ^w & its mean+4 8,gun--,:o has se5 a gun8 ,:at is its use8 ,bun--,! bak] puts currants 9 ! bun40 ,by ! v>iety ( ways 9 :i* y give or sugge/ ! mean+ ( ! ^w1 try to ar\se ! pupil's int]e/ 9 ! ^w itself4 ,nev] require a pupil to /udy ! spell+ ( a ^w until he has he>d x prop]ly pron\nc$ & kn[s ! mean+4 #b4 ,h ! pupils read ! words1 pron\nc+ ea* correctly4 ,! *ildr5 may give orig9al s5t5ces1 us+ ! new words4 #c4 ,pupils pron\nce & spell ea* ^w orally4 #d4 ,ask :at lett]s are f\nd 9 e ^w4 ,tea* ! *ildr5 to call ! common "p ! 8family "n0 ( ! ^w & to spell x z a unit1 z1 8sun--spell1 s-un40 #e4 ,tell ! *ildr5 to look at ! li/ ( words & *oose ! h>de/4 ,!y may look at ! ^w = a mom5t1 !n spell x )\t look+ at ! book4 ,9 "s su* way ar\se int]e/ 9 ! spell+ ( ea* ^w 9 ! lesson1 z1 8,:o c f9d & spell ! ^w t is ! "n ( some?+ t makes a great noise80 8,! "o we all enjoy at recess80 8,! "o t op5s ! fl[]s80 8,! "o we l to eat80 #f4 ,pron\nce ea* ^w1 give ! family1 & spell ! ^w ?us1 sun1 -un1 s-u-n4 ,h pupils emphasize ! fir/ lett]--! "p ( ea* ^w t is n common to ! s]ies--z1 sun1 fun1 bun1 gun1 nun4 #g4 ,*ildr5 place _! books face d[n on _! desks1 :ile ! tea*] dictates ! words4 ,*ildr5 spell orally4 ,if a ^w is miss$1 d n pass x to ano!r *ild4 ,! "o :o miss$ turns ov] 8 book & /udies ! correct spell+ :ile ! tea*] cont9ues to dictate words to ! o!r pupils4 ,aft] all ! *ildr5 h spell$1 ^? :o miss$ h a *ance to spell _! words correctly4 ,f ! beg9n+ e *ild mu/ feel a responsibility = e ^w dictat$ to him4 ,he mu/ spell x correctly be=e ! lesson is end$ = him4 ,9 all oral spell+1 save "t by hav+ ! *ildr5 respond 9 turn )\t be+ call$ ^u by "n4 ,p]haps ! be/ way is to g up & d[n ! r[s4 ,,copy+ ,a ,,spell+ ,,lesson ,spell ! fir/ ^w v s(tly & write x on ! blackbo>d z y pron\nce ea* lett]4 ,! *ildr5 look at ! writt5 =m on ! bo>d1 & copy ! ^w1 say+ to !mselves ea* lett] z !y write4 ,d ! same ) o!r words4 ,x is n necess>y to copy ea* ^w m ?an once4 ,! common "p or family "n--! comb9ation ( lett]s t requires special drill--is repeat$ 9 ea* ^w4 ,z pupils ga9 facility 9 writt5 lett] =ms1 !y %\ld copy _! lessons once 9 script f ! pr9t$ lesson 9 ! book4 ,= ! fir/ t5 lessons1 h[ev]1 ! tea*] may well take ! "t to h ! "w copi$ f ! bo>d4 ,,dictat+ ,a ,,spell+ ,,lesson ,! tea*] :o truly means to make h] *ildr5 realize ! importance ( accurate spell+ & neat writ+ w see t ea* *ild has a notebook 9 :i* to keep 8 spell+ lessons4 ,%e w %[ him j h[ ! "w %\ld be arrang$ 9 8 book4 7,! *ild's spell+ book %[s a good arrangem5t47 ,%e w insi/ t he foll[ ! arrangem5t & t 8 p5man%ip be neat4 ,if ! tea*] _c provide regul> blank books = spell+1 ! *ildr5 may make _! own ( regul> writ+ pap]1 fa/5+ ! requisite numb] ( %eets toge!r ) two ,magill fa/5]s1 or sew+ !m ) ?read or raffia4 ,9 dictat+1 pron\nce ea* ^w cle>ly & di/9ctly4 ,h ! *ildr5 repeat1 !n write ! ^w4 ,?is habit ( correct pronunciation ( ! words _c be ov]emphasiz$4 ,x has be5 said1 & ! say+ is true1 8,a ^w correctly pron\nc$ is half spell$40 ,,m>k+ ,,& ,,correct+ ,,pap]s ,:5 a lesson is p]fect1 m>k x4 ,m>k x p]fect4 ,t is ! m>k prim>y *ildr5 l be/4 ,m>k x 9 color$ p5cil4 ,if ! *ild has made a special ef=t 9 writ+ or 9 neatness1 %[ y\r appreciation & obs]vation by affix+ a /> or "s o!r symbol to 8 pap]4 ,enc\rage him1 make him pr\d ( 8 spell+1 pr\d ( 8 writ+1 pr\d ( 8 book1 pr\d ( himself4 ,give no spell+ m>k b ! m>k = p]fect "w4 ,:5 a *ild makes a mi/ake 9 spell+1 call 8 att5tion to x4 ,if x is only a c>eless mi/ake1 he w spell ! ^w orally4 ,! tea*] !n erases ! mi/ake1 & ! *ild corrects x4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! *ild has n ma/]$ ! correct spell+1 he %\ld be ref]r$ to 8 book4 ,:5 he c spell ! ^w1 ! tea*] erases ! incorrectly spell$ ^w1 & ! *ild writes x correctly4 ,! correct+ ( ! lesson %\ld foll[ z soon z possible ! writ+ ( ! lesson4 ,9 ord] t ?is may be done 9 ! same p]iod1 ! lessons are kept v %ort4 ,9 ord] t !re may be few mi/akes ! lessons are v simple4 ,if ! lessons are /udi$ z sugge/$1 !re %\ld be v few errors to correct4 ,if ! "w is correct$ z def9itely z outl9$1 ! pupils w soon le>n :at is requir$ ( !m1 & w take pride 9 hav+ a p]fect1 attractive book4 ,! ar\s+ ( su* pride1 & ! cultivation ( habits ( correctness & neatness are ( incalculable value4 #a4 ,by ?\ghtful1 intellig5t /udy1 prev5t errors4 #b4 ,:5 mi/akes are made1 h ! pupils correct !m imm$iately z an important duty4 ,,sight ,,words ,lesson #c1 ,page #h ,! *ildr5 h _h two s]ies or families 9 pa/ lessons4 ,9 ! new lesson ask !m to look = words t belong to ^! families4 ,!y w f9d run 9 ! un family1 & me1 !1 tree1 9 ! e 7ee7 family4 ,^! words %\ld be di/9ctly pron\nc$ & spell$ orally4 ,! rema9+ ^w is to4 ,x belongs to no family t ! *ildr5 h /udi$4 ,h ! *ildr5 pron\nce x1 use x 9 a numb] ( simple s5t5ces1 & spell x4 ,give ea* *ild a small piece ( pap]4 ,tell ! *ildr5 to look at to & spell x sil5tly4 ,!n )\t look+ at ! book h !m write ! ^w on pap]4 ,ea* ^w 9 ! lesson may be /udi$ & writt5 9 ! same way4 ,,writ+ ,,s5t5ces ,no new spell+ words occur 9 ?is lesson4 ,x is a review1 an application ( "s ( ! words le>n$4 ,! fir/ lesson1 & p]haps a few o!rs ( ! same k9d1 %\ld be taught f ! bo>d1 al?\gh x is bett] t ea* *ild %\ld h a book be=e him4 ,a *ild reads ! fir/ s5t5ce f ! book4 8,run to me40 ,! tea*] says1 8,i w write x on ! bo>d if y w spell ! words4 ,! *ildr5 9 ! fir/ r[ /&40 ,)\t wait+ to be call$ ^u by "n ! *ildr5 spell ! words 9 turn4 ,! tea*] says1 8,run beg9s ) a capital lett] because x is ! fir/ ^w 9 a s5t5ce4 ,spell x1 capital ,r-u-n40 ,:5 all ! words 9 ! s5t5ce h be5 spell$ & writt5 on ! bo>d1 ! tea*] places ! p]iod at ! end1 say+1 8,!re is a p]iod at ! end ( ?is s5t5ce40 ,! second s5t5ce is to be spell$ by ! *ildr5 & writt5 on ! bo>d by ! tea*] 9 ! same way4 ,! *ildr5 may n[ copy ! s5t5ces f ! blackbo>d4 ,! two ?+s to be taught 9 ?is lesson are ! capital to beg9 ! fir/ ^w1 & ! p]iod at ! end ( ! s5t5ce4 ,,reviews ,,( ,,phonetic ,,words ,phonetic reviews are giv5 frequ5tly ?r\gh\t ! book4 ,ea* lesson conta9s "o ^w ( ! s]ies taught4 ,^! words are numb]$4 ,h ! *ildr5 op5 _! books to ! review lesson1 z t on page #ab4 ,let ! *ildr5 read ! words & ! families1 z1 run-un1 me-e1 play-ay1 fly-y4 ,!n h ea* ^w spell$ orally4 ,n[ dictate o!r words f ! same families1 z1 sun1 see1 gay1 cry1 s&4 ,if a pupil misspells a ^w1 give him ! numb] ( ! family 9 :i* ! ^w occurs4 ,let him look 9 8 book1 /udy 8 ^w1 & be ready to spell x :5 y h f9i%$ dictat+ o!r words to ! re/ ( ! class4 ,?us y may dictate ! ^w say4 ,! *ild hesitates or misspells ! ^w4 ,give him numb] #c4 ,he looks 9 8 book1 f9ds #c & ! well-kn[n ^w play aft] ! numb]4 ,he kn[s ! ^w say is 9 ! same family1 & he /udies out ! ^w :ile y are he>+ ! re/ ( ! class spell words 9 ! o!r families4 ,:5 y return to him & ask1 8,:at is y\r ^w80 he answ]s1 8,say--s-a-y40 ,nev] pass a ^w to a second *ild4 ,ea* *ild mu/ spell1 ) help if necess>y1 e ^w t is dictat$ to him4 ,= writt5 review1 dictate any words f ! s]ies repres5t$ 9 ! review lesson4 ,return aga9 & aga9 to ^! review lessons4 ,,seat ,,"w ,h ! *ildr5 copy ! words & "u ea* write "o or m words 9 ! same family4 ,?us3 run me play fly & fun be hay try b& ,,reviews ,,( ,,sight ,,words ,use ^! reviews = oral spell+ mat*es & = writt5 te/s4 ,keep records ( ^! writt5 te/s4 ,!re are #cf sight words assign$ to ! fir/ ye>4 ,ar\se ! *ild's int]e/ & ambition to ma/] ^! words by enc\ragem5t & all good inc5tives4 ,,additional ,,seat ,,"w #a4 ,make ! words or s5t5ces 9 ea* lesson ) 8^w build]0 lett]s4 ,?is "w %\ld be c>efully exam9$ to see t x is correct & t x foll[s ! arrangem5t giv5 9 ! book4 #b4 ,copy 9 script ! lesson f ! book4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,second ,,ye> ,,review ,! "w ( ! second grade is a cont9uation ( ! "w begun 9 ! fir/ grade4 ,x w be well1 !re=e1 = ! second grade tea*] to read c>efully ! sugge/ions giv5 = ! "w ( ! fir/ grade4 ,al?\gh "s ( ! words t h already be5 taught 9 ! fir/ grade occur 9 ! second grade1 ! fir/ "w ( ! second grade tea*] w be to c>efully review ! phonograms & sight words already taught4 ,?is w help to sift out ! words :i* ne$ special emphasis & w =m ! beg9n+ ( ! ^w li/s :i* ! *ildr5 are urg$ to keep4 ,,phonograms ,! phonograms are cont9u$ 9 ! second grade & ! same emphasis on ! common "p z outl9$ 9 ! sugge/ions = ! fir/ grade %\ld be cont9u$4 7,see page #bh47 ,,quotations ,lesson #bc1 ,page #bi ,h ! *ildr5 copy ^! s5t5ces1 tell+ !m t ! quotation m>ks are put ar\nd 8,:]e are my baby />s80 because ^! are ! words ( ! moon4 ,if omitt$ 9 dictation lessons1 h ! *ildr5 op5 ! book & put !m 91 b d n c\nt ! omission z an error4 ,,capital ,,lett]s ,lesson #ej1 ,page #ch ,9 addition to tea*+ ! use ( a capital at ! beg9n+ ( a s5t5ce1 ! names ( five ( ! mon?s ( ! ye> are giv5 9 ,lesson #ej1 & a prop] "n is introduc$ into ,lesson #ef4 ,"h is a *ance to emphasize t ! names ( ! mon?s1 & ! names ( p1 always beg9 ) a capital lett] no matt] :]e !y occur 9 ! s5t5ce4 ,,diction>y ,,prep>ation #a4 ,! ord] ( ! lett]s %\ld be ?or\ghly famili> at ?is "t4 ,if n1 x mu/ be made s4 7,see sugge/ions = drill on page #bg47 #b4 ,h ! pupils read cle>ly & di/9ctly ! words 9 any lesson1--z1 = example1 ,lesson #a1 page #be1--tell+ ! fir/ lett] 9 ea*1 say+1 8,! fir/ lett] 9 moon is m2 ! fir/ lett] 9 soon is s2 ! fir/ lett] 9 noon is n2 ! fir/ lett] 9 spoon is s40 #c4 ,h ! pupils gr\p words t beg9 ) ! same lett]1 z1 ,lessons #a1 #b1 & #c4 ,tea*] says1 8,f9d all ! words 9 ^! ?ree lessons t beg9 ) s40 ,tea*]3 ,f9d ! words t beg9 ) b4 ,pupils3 ,bid & b> beg9 ) b4 ,lat] ! pupils may make a li/ ( all ! words on a page beg9n+ ) ! same lett]4 #d4 ,h ! pupils copy 9 a column all ! words 9 a lesson1 or 9 sev]al lessons1 or on a page1 t beg9 ) ! same lett]4 ,?is %\ld be done "u def9ite direction ( ! tea*]1 z1 8,make a li/ ( all ! words on page #be t beg9 ) b2 ) c2 ) d2 ) f40 ,pupils write z foll[s3 b> cross d9e f9d boss cl\d did f> bid cru/ du/ f9e b9d fell bell #e4 ,turn to ! vocabul>y ( second ye> words 7page #fc74 ,h ! pupils obs]ve t !y are arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]4 7a7 ,pupils f9d ! place 9 ! li/ ( words beg9n+ ) any giv5 lett]1 ?us3 ,tea*]3 ,:]e mu/ we look = words beg9n+ ) a8 ,pupils3 ,at ! beg9n+1 = a is ! fir/ lett] 9 ! alphabet4 ,tea*]3 ,:]e mu/ we look = words beg9n+ ) w8 ,pupils3 ,ne> ! end1 = w is ne> ! end ( ! alphabet4 ,tea*]3 ,:]e mu/ we look = words beg9n+ ) m8 ,pupils3 ,ne> ! middle1 = m is ne> ! middle ( ! alphabet4 7b7 ,pupils f9d any ^w call$ = 9 ! li/4 ,tea*] asks1 8,:]e %all ,i f9d b>n80 ,pupils answ]1 8,) words beg9n+ ) b1 ne> ! beg9n+40 ,pupils f9d ! ^w & t\* x4 ,9 ! same way ! tea*] calls = o!r words4 ,9 ea* case ! pupils decide :]e 9 ! li/ to look = x accord+ to ! initial lett]1 !n f9d & t\* x4 7c7 ,let ! pupils g ?r\gh ! li/ to see if e lett] 9 ! alphabet has be5 us$ z an initial lett]4 ,!y w f9d t !re are no words li/$ beg9n+ ) q1 x1 & z4 7d7 ,h ! pupils write ! alphabet 9 v]tical columns omitt+ q1 x1 & z1 & opposite ea* lett] copy a ^w beg9n+ ) t lett] f _! li/s on pages #fc & #fd1 ?us3 a--aft] b--baby c--*ildr5 d--dog ,,initial ,,words ,,( ,,phonetic ,,s]ies ,on pages #fa & #fb1 ! tea*] w f9d a li/ ( initial words ( ! phonetic s]ies t h be5 taught 9 ! fir/ two grades 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y h be5 taught4 ,?is li/ w provide a means = ! tea*] to le>n :e!r a s]ies has be5 taught1 & ! relative position ( ! s]ies 9 ! "w ( ! fir/ two grades4 ,,vocabul>y ,! vocabul>y on pages #fc & #fd gives a complete li/ ( all ! sight words :i* h be5 taught 9 ! fir/ & second grades4 ,x w furni% ! tea*] ! means3 #a4 ,= f9d+ if any giv5 ^w is to be f\nd 9 ! text ( ! fir/ two grades4 #b4 ,= excell5t drill 9 prep>ation = ! use ( ! diction>y4 #c4 ,= a review li/ at ! end ( ! ye>'s "w4 ,,phonic ,,s]ies ,! phonic s]ies us$ 9 ?is book are pres5t$ fir/ 9 ! text z %ort li/s4 ,on page #fe1 ,"p ,i1 w be f\nd m complete li/s = supplem5t>y drill1 if desir$4 ,^! are numb]$ 9 ! same ord] & are simil> to ^? f\nd on ! ,ald9e ,phonic ,*>t4 ,if "o ( ^! *>ts is available1 x w be f\nd ( great assi/ance 9 ! tea*+ ( spell+ 9 ^! e>ly grades4 ,drills on ^! complete s]ies may well be giv5 :5ev] a review or an additional lesson is possible4 ,! pupil may /udy f 8 book1 quick drills may be giv5 f ! *>t1 & !n a select$ li/ may be dictat$ by ! tea*]4 ,too mu* intellig5t drill on ^! phonic s]ies _c be giv54 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,?ird ,,ye> ,,use ,,( ,,/ories ,t /ories h help$ 9 o!r bran*es ( ! curriculum outside ( spell+ is a well-kn[n fact4 ,up to ! pres5t1 spell+ has be5 s /]eotyp$1 s humdrum1 t /ories h _h little or no place 9 ! spell+ lesson4 ,spell+1 h[ev]1 is ! result ( =m+ "r habits & ^! "r habits c be /imulat$ & enc\rag$ by ! "r k9d ( /ories4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! "w ( ! ?ird grade is told ! /ory ( 8,! ,k+'s ,rules40 ,?is /ory %\ld be told to ! *ildr5 along ) o!r /ories ( ! grade1 dramatiz$1 & e means us$ to fix ! po9t ( ! /ory4 ,dur+ ! ye> con/ant ref]5ce %\ld be made to 8,! ,k+'s ,rules40 ,= example1 9 tea*+ ,lesson #ia ref]5ce %\ld be made to ! k+'s second rule4 ,9 ,lessons #ib & #id ref]5ce %\ld be made to ! k+'s ?ird rule4 ,:5ev] a pupil mispron\nces a ^w 8 att5tion %\ld be direct$ to ! fir/ two rules4 ,c>e %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 ref]r+ to ^! ?ree rules t ! int]e/ is quick5$ & n dead5$ by ! con/ant repetition & ref]5ce to ! same /ory4 ,,use ,,( ,,pictures ,?r\gh\t ! book illu/rations are giv54 ,! words ( a lesson w be f\nd to be illu/rat$ 9 ! pictures connect$ ) ! lesson4 ,pupils may be ask$ to cov] ! words ( a lesson & write all ! words t !y f9d connect$ ) ! picture4 ,,phonetic ,,words ,! ?ird grade "w cont9ues ! "w 9 phonics />t$ 9 ! fir/ & second grades4 ,! sugge/ions giv5 on pages #bh & #cf1 = ! fir/ & second ye>'s "w1 apply equally well to ! "w ( ! ?ird ye>4 ,,quotations ,! s5t5ces us$ 9 connection ) ! lessons may be us$ 9 a v>iety ( ways3 7a7 ,!y are plac$ 9 ! book prim>ily = ! purpose ( illu/rat+ ! use ( ! ^w4 7b7 ,!y h be5 v c>efully select$ f our be/ au?ors & _m ( !m may wisely be memoriz$4 7c7 ,!y may be us$ z dictation ex]cises4 ,9 ?is case misspell$ words %\ld be c\nt$ z errors4 ,all o!r mi/akes %\ld be correct$ by ref]r+ to ! book b %\ld n be c\nt$ aga9/ ! *ild z an error 9 spell+4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,/udy ,at ! end ( _m lessons1 or gr\ps ( lessons1 w be f\nd sugge/ions = ! pupils to use 9 _! /udy4 ,! tea*] %\ld call att5tion to ^!4 ,!y w be ( great help to ! pupil if he has be5 taught h[ to use !m4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 incomplete ow+ to ! lack ( space1 & ! wise tea*] w f9d o!r sugge/ions to give ! pupils z %e f9ds1 ?r\gh ! correct+ ( pap]s1 o!r difficulties :i* arise 9 ! spell+ ( p>ticul> words4 ,,abbreviations ,! use ( ! capital lett] has be5 pres5t$ 9 connection ) ! beg9n+ ( ! s5t5ce1 & ! spell+ ( ! names ( ! mon?s & ( prop] names4 ,9 ! ?ird grade ! names ( ! days h be5 add$1 & a few abbreviations4 7,see ,lessons #ajj1 #aja1 #aad1 #aae1 #abd1 etc47 ,^! %\ld be ?or\ghly taught ) emphasis on ! use ( ! p]iod4 ,,prep>ation ,,= ,,diction>y ,,"w #a4 ,e>ly 9 ! ye> h ! pupils arrange ! words 9 any lesson1 lessons1 or on a page1 9 alphabetical ord]2 z1 ,lessons #bb-be1 page #ae4 ,pupils write z foll[s3 ,a4 ,b ,c ,d ar\nd b[l clean da% etc4 beside ca% bottom bean #b4 ,h ! pupils turn to ! ?ird grade vocabul>y1 page #dc4 7a7 ,h !m make an alphabetical li/ ( words f ! vocabul>y2 z1 able1 beam1 cage1 daily1 etc4 7b7 ,f9d+ ,words ,quickly4 ,tea*] says1 8,read ?is li/ ( words until y f9d ! ^w cane40 ,aft] ! pupils h compli$ ! tea*] says1 8,c\nt all ! words y read be=e y f\nd ! ^w cane40 ,pupils c\nt & answ]1 8,sev5ty-"o40 ,tea*] asks1 8,h[ c\ld ,i h sav$ "t 9 f9d+ ?is ^w80 ,! pupils easily discov] ! fact t !y c save "t by look+ = ! ^w among ! words beg9n+ ) ! same lett]4 ,! tea*] te/s & proves ?is to be true by call+ = o!r words2 z1 8,) :at lett] does face beg98 ,:]e %all we f9d x80 ,pupils answ]1 8,face beg9s ) f2 we %all f9d x ) ! words beg9n+ ) f40 ,!y d s4 ,tea*] asks1 8,h[ _m words did y h to read be=e f9d+ ! ^w face8 ,h[ _m d y ?9k y w\ld h to read if y c\nt$ f ! beg9n+80 ,conclusion to be discov]$ & express$ by ! pupils3 ,an alphabetical arrangem5t ( words saves "t 9 f9d+ any p>ticul> ^w4 7c7 ,f9d+ ,words ,easily4 ,tea*] says1 8,:o c f9d ! ^w autumn fir/80 ,pupils f9d x4 ,tea*] asks ! fir/ pupil ready ) ! ^w1 8,:]e did y f9d x80 ,pupil answ]s1 8,i f\nd x among ! words beg9n+ ) a at ! beg9n+ ( ! li/40 ,tea*] calls = m words f diff]5t p>ts ( ! li/2 z1 f>m1 yell[1 bran*1 ta/e1 _m1 etc4 ,9 e case pupils mu/ det]m9e fir/1 ! initial lett] ( ! ^w2 second1 ! place 9 ! alphabetical li/ = words beg9n+ ) t lett]4 ,conclusion to be discov]$ & express$3 ,an alphabetical arrangem5t ( words makes x easi] to f9d any giv5 ^w 9 a giv5 li/4 #c4 ,h ! pupils arrange ! hundr$ words on pages #da & #db 9 alphabetical ord]1 consid]+ only ! initial lett] ( ea* ^w4 ,?is may be done by hav+ ea* ^w copi$ on an oblong piece ( pap]1 or on oak tag c>ds1 & ^! c>ds plac$ 9 alphabetical ord]1 or by hav+ columns m>k$ (f1 head$ by lett]s alphabetically arrang$2 z3 ,a ,b ,c ,d ,e ,f ,g #d4 7a7 ,h ! *ildr5 li/ ! words f s5t5ces or %ort /ories 9 alphabetical ord]1 z ^? 9 8,! ,gold5 ,eggs10 page #ag4 7b7 ,aft] ! li/ has be5 made 7see a above7 h ! pupils read ?r\gh ! s5t5ces aga9 to make sure t e ^w 9 !m has be5 li/$4 ,! ex]cise emphasizes ! value ( alphabetical arrangem5t4 ,example3 ,tea*] says1 8,if y wi% to make sure t y h ! ^w ! on y\r li/1 h[ c y f9d out easily & quickly80 ,pupil answ]s1 8,i w look ne> ! end ( my li/ among ! words beg9n+ ) t40 7c7 ,add+ to an ,alphabetical ,li/ ( ,words4 ,tea*] says1 8,i w\ld l to h ! ^w d add$ to ! li/4 7,see 7a7 above47 ,:]e %\ld x be writt580 ,pupil answ]s1 8,put x ) day because x beg9s ) d40 ,! tea*] says1 8,!re is no ^w beg9n+ ) i 9 ! li/2 if ,i wi% to add ! ^w into1 :]e %all ,i place x80 ,pupil answ]s1 8,place x aft] ! words beg9n+ ) h 7or be=e ! words beg9n+ ) j7 because t is ! place ( i 9 ! alphabet40 #e4 ,h ! pupils arrange !mselves 9 a l9e 9 alphabetical ord]1 consid]+ fir/ ! initial lett] ( _! fir/ names4 ,h ! pupils take _! places z ! tea*] calls ! lett]s4 ,?us1 ! tea*] calls a1 & ,alice1 ,&rew1 & ,anna /ep into l9e4 ,at once ! "q arises z to :o %all /& fir/--all names beg9 ) a4 ,tea*] writes ! names on ! bo>d & says1 8,look at ! second lett] 9 ea* "n40 ,! pupils /udy ! second lett] ) ! tea*]1 & decide t z l1 ! second lett] 9 ,alice1 comes be=e n1 ! second lett] 9 ,anna & ,&rew1 ,alice %\ld h fir/ place4 ,to fix ! place ( ,&rew & ,anna ! ?ird lett]s ( ea* "n mu/ be consid]$4 #f4 ,on page #bi is a lesson on arrang+ by ! second lett]4 ,foll[+ ?is h ! pupils arrange o!r li/s ( words 9 alphabetical ord]1 7a7 consid]+ ! fir/ two lett]s ( ! ^w2 7b7 consid]+ ! fir/ ?ree lett]s4 #g4 ,h ! *ildr5 give all ! reasons t !y c ?9k ( to prove t ! alphabetical arrangem5t ( a li/ ( words is a good "o4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,f\r? ,,ye> ,,h[ ,,to ,,/udy ,,spell+ ,:5 ! pupil ent]s ! f\r? grade he beg9s to le>n to dep5d m & m ^u himself4 ,he does m ( 8 "w by himself4 ,?is is z x %\ld be1 b !re is /ill ne$ ( a guid+ h&4 ,if ! pupil is to acquire a real spell+ consci\sness1 & =m a good habit :i* is real & la/+1 ^! helps mu/ be pl5tiful1 b at ! same "t arise 9 su* a way t !y w be helpful 9 =m+ & /r5g!n+ ! good habits1 & t5d to break any bad habits :i* may h be5 />t$4 ,! sugge/ions accompany+ ! lessons 9 ! fir/ ?ree grades are cont9u$ 9 ! f\r?1 9 su* a way t1 ) ! prep>ation :i* ! pupil has _h 9 ! e>ly grades1 he c apply ! helps himself ) ! m9imum am\nt ( c>e & wat*fulness on ! "p ( ! tea*]4 ,z po9t$ out 9 ,"p ,i ( ! manual1 page #ah1 ! d]iv$ =m 9 mo/ cases pres5ts a new spell+ problem ev5 ?\gh ! root ^w has be5 taught4 ,by focus+ ! att5tion on ! "p common to bo? ! root ^w & ! d]ivative1 & fix+ ! *ange by num]\s examples1 ! *ange f root to d]ivative is made ) less tr\ble4 ,lessons #d1 #e1 #ae1 #af1 & #gd illu/rate ?is po9t4 ,,diction>y ,,"w ,dur+ ! previ\s ?ree ye>s ! pupils h be5 prep>$ to use ! diction>y4 ,!y h be5 made ?or\ghly famili> ) ! alphabet1 & are famili> ) ! arrangem5t ( words 9 alphabetical li/s4 ,!y h le>n$ to arrange words 9 alphabetical li/s1 z well z to f9d words easily 9 a %ort li/ :i* is alphabetically arrang$4 ,! "w ( ! f\r? ye> is ! tea*+ ( ! =mal use ( ! diction>y4 ,! foll[+ /ory is pres5t$ z an int]e/+ way ( approa*4 ,let u attempt to vitalize our "w 9 ! diction>y4 ,! place to beg9 ?is vitaliz+ is 9 ! f\r? grade4 ,a 8/ory ) a h9t 9 x0 = f\r? grade tea*]s is a sugge/ion along ?is l9e4 ,a 8,,/ory ,,) ,a ,,h9t ,,9 ,,x0 ,,= ,,f\r? ,,grade ,,tea*]s ,! ,?ird ,grad]s _h be5 promot$ into ! ,f\r? ,grade6 ,!y sat v tall & behav$ j l ,f\r? ,grad]s z ,miss ,m]l91 _! new tea*]1 said pleasantly3 8,?is morn+ z ,i rode to s*ool 9 ! /reet c>1 ,i read ov] ! m>ket adv]tisem5ts4 ,i f\nd 9 "o a ^w t is new to me4 ,i don't "k h[ to pron\nce x1 & ,i don't "k :at x means4 ,i w write x on ! bo>d4 ,p]haps "s "o may "k ! ^w & tell me h[ to pron\nce x & :at x means40 ,miss ,m]l9 wrote ! ^w on ! bo>d--broccoli--!n turn$ to ! pupils & said1 8,c any "o pron\nce ?is ^w80 ,alice /ood by h] desk ready to speak4 8,h y se5 ?is ^w be=e1 ,alice80 ask$ ,miss ,m]l94 8,no10 answ]$ ,alice1 8b ,i ?9k ,i c guess h[ x is pron\nc$40 8,oh60 said ,miss ,m]l91 8,i don't want any guess+4 ,y might guess wrong4 ,if ,i he> ! ^w incorrectly pron\nc$ = ! fir/ "t1 ,i am afraid ,i %all f9d x h>d] to le>n ! correct pronunciation4 ,two reasons :y s _m words are pron\nc$ incorrectly are3 p guess a wrong pronunciation in/ead ( f9d+ ! correct "o2 & p he> ! incorrect pronunciation in/ead ( ! "r "o4 ,i want ! correct pronunciation = ! ^w on ! bo>d4 ,if y _c give x to me1 p]haps y c tell me :]e ,i c get x40 ,john jump$ to 8 feet4 8,g ask ! m>ket man10 he said4 8,i might10 answ]$ ,miss ,m]l91 8b !re are reasons :y ,i w\ld r n40 8,x's too f> to ! m>ket10 8,x w\ld take too long10 8,y c't g until aft] s*ool & by !n ! m>ket may be clos$10 7 "s ( ! objections made by ! pupils4 8,^? are all good reasons10 answ]$ ,miss ,m]l91 8b if !re 7 no o!r way to le>n ! correct pronunciation ( ! ^w ,i might manage someh[ to make a trip to ! m>ket4 ,& ,i really ne$ n take ! tr\ble4 ,i c f9d out all ,i want to "k ab\t t ^w "r "h 9 our own s*oolroom40 ,! pupils look$ at "o ano!r ) tr\bl$ faces4 ,9 ! ?ird grade !y _h always gone to _! tea*] ) bo!rsome words1 & "h 0 ,miss ,m]l9 br++ h>d words to !m & expect+ !m to help h] to le>n ! pronunciation & ! mean+4 ,nev] _h !y felt s helpless4 ,sudd5ly ,john cri$ out1 8,oh1 ,i "k6 ,! diction>y60 & runn+ to ! front ( ! room1 he plac$ 8 h& on a great1 heavy book t lay on ! small table ne> ,miss ,m]l9's desk4 8,my fa!r has a diction>y l ?is10 he cont9u$1 8& he (t5 looks up words 9 x40 8,good1 ,john60 said ,miss ,m]l91 8y h %[n me ! be/ place to g = ! help ,i ne$4 ,?is book conta9s #djj1jjj words4 ,my ^w is "o ( ^? #djj1jjj4 ,h[ c ,i f9d my "o ^w among s _m80 8,i "k10 answ]$ ,john4 8,my fa!r %[$ me4 ,! words are arrang$ l ! alphabet1 fir/ ! a's1 !n1 ! b's1 & !n ! c's1 & s on40 8,john is "r10 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,if y w all come =w>d & /& ne> ! table ,i w %[ y j z ,john's fa!r %[$ him40 ,! pupils came =w>d & ,miss ,m]l9 %[$ !m t ! diction>y words 7 arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]4 8,n[ :]e %all ,i look = my ^w80 %e ask$4 ,! pupils glanc$ at ! ^w on ! bo>d & answ]$1 8,look among ! words beg9n+ ) b40 ,miss ,m]l9 op5$ ! diction>y & held all ! pages conta9+ words beg9n+ ) b betwe5 h] two h&s4 8,if ,i beg9 ) ! fir/ ^w beg9n+ ) b & read ea* "o1 x w take me h\rs10 %e said1 8b ! mak] ( ! diction>y has s arrang$ ! words t ,i c f9d ! ^w ,i want 9 a few seconds4 ,let u see if we c discov] j h[ ! words h be5 arrang$ to help u f9d any "o quickly4 ,we h se5 t ! words are arrang$ alphabetically accord+ to ! fir/ lett] 9 ea*4 ,n[ let u look at ! second lett] 9 ! ^w beg9n+ ) b40 ,! pupils wat*$ z ! pages 7 turn$ ov] & discov]$ t ! words 7 gr\p$ 9 alphabetical ord] accord+ to ! second lett] 9 ea*4 8,!n10 said ,miss ,m]l91 8if ,i want to f9d a ^w beg9n+ ba :]e 9 ! li/ ( words beg9n+ ) b %all ,i look80 8,look ne> ! beg9n+10 0 ! answ]4 8,if ,i want "o beg9n+ bl :]e %all ,i look80 ask$ ,miss ,m]l94 8,look t[>ds ! middle ( ! li/10 answ]$ ! pupils4 8,b ,i want to f9d "o beg9n+ ) br10 said ,miss ,m]l91 po9t+ to ! ^w on ! bo>d4 8,look ne> ! end ( ! li/10 said ,alice4 ,miss ,m]l9 f\nd ! fir/ ^w beg9n+ ) br4 8,%all ,i f9d my ^w ne> ! beg9n+ ( ! br li/80 %e ask$1 hold+ ! page t[>d ! pupils4 ,!y look$ at ! page & answ]$1 8,no1 all ! words on ?is page beg9 bra & y want a ^w beg9n+ bro40 8,h[ %all ,i f9d my ^w80 ask$ ,miss ,m]l94 ,john turn$ ov] ! pages sl[ly :ile ! o!r pupils look$ on4 8,oh10 cri$ ,alice1 8! words are arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord] = ! ?ird lett]1 s y mu/ look beyond ! middle ( ! li/60 ,miss ,m]l9 ask$ ,alice to f9d ! fir/ ^w beg9n+ ) bro4 ,:5 x 0 f\nd ! *ildr5 discov]$ t ! alphabetical arrangem5t ( lett]s ext5d$ to ! f\r? & fif? lett]s & ev5 unto ! end4 8,"s job60 said ,john1 mov$ by ! effici5cy ( ! arrangem5t z well z by ! bigness ( ! task4 8,n[ ,i "k h[ ,i c f9d any ^w 9 ! diction>y--j trail ! alphabet f ! fir/ to ! la/ lett] ( ! ^w y are look+ =40 ,miss ,m]l9 laugh$4 8,i don't believe t ,i'll try to improve ^u y\r rule1 ,john10 %e said4 8,! ,alphabet ,trail is a pretty good "o to foll[ 9 track+ any ^w to its diction>y d540 ,foll[+ ,john's rule1 ! ^w s\ght--broccoli--0 soon f\nd4 8,s t y may all see exactly h[ ! diction>y helps u pron\nce ?is ^w1 ,i w copy on ! blackbo>d exactly :at ,i f9d writt5 "h40 ,/epp+ to ! bo>d1 ,miss ,m]l9 copi$ ! ^w1 divid$ into syllables & m>k$ exactly z x appe>$ 9 ! diction>y--7brk-l74 ,"s ( ! pupils und]/ood ! diacritical m>ks = ! %ort s\nds ( o & i2 o!rs did n4 ,none knew ! mean+ ( ! m>k above ! o ( ! second syllable4 8,well10 said ,miss ,m]l91 8let u see h[ ! diction>y is ready to help u4 ,look at ! words writt5 at ! bottom ( ! page4 ,!y are all little words t y "k4 ,:at lett] is m>k$ 9 ! fir/ eight words80 ,! pupils ne> en\gh ! diction>y to read repli$1 8,! lett] a40 8,&10 add$ ,m>y1 8ea* a is m>k$ 9 a diff]5t way40 8,read ! words ) ! m>k$ a's & see if y c discov] ! reason :y ea* a has a diff]5t m>k10 said ,miss ,m]l94 ,m>y read ! words1 pron\nc+ ea* cle>ly & di/9ctly4 ,:5 %e _h f9i%$ e *ild 0 ready to answ]2 b ,miss ,m]l9 smil$ at ,m>y1 :o said1 8,! a 9 ea* ^w has a s\nd diff]5t f all ! o!r a's40 ,9 ! same way ! pupils discov]$ ! diff]5t s\nds ( e1 i1 o1 & u4 8,^? are all ! v[el s\nds10 said ,alice4 8,yes10 add$ ,john1 8& ! diction>y man has arrang$ !m 9 alphabetical ord]4 ,didn't he /ick close to ! alphabet ?\gh60 8,^! little words at ! bottom ( ! page are call$ key words10 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,c any "o tell :y80 ,! pupils ?\ght = a mom5t4 ,!n ,tom said1 8,i "k4 ,because !y unlock ! pronunciation ( ! new ^w40 8,good10 said ,miss ,m]l91 8pron\nce ! fir/ syllable 9 our new ^w on ! bo>d1 ,tom1 us+ ! key ^w40 ,tom look$ at ! m>k ov] ! o 9 ! fir/ syllable1 f\nd ! same m>k ov] ! o 9 odd1 ! key ^w at ! bottom ( ! page1 & said1 8,odd----brk40 8,good60 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,t's ! way4 ,n[1 ,jack1 pron\nce ! second syllable40 ,jack look$ at ! m>k ov] o1 ! only lett] 9 ! second syllable1 f\nd ! same m>k ov] ! o 9 ! key ^w obey at ! bottom ( ! page1 & said1 8,obey--40 ,9 ! same way ,alice /udi$ ! la/ syllable1 f9d+ a m>k l ! "o us$ ov] ! i 9 ! key ^w ill at ! bottom ( ! page & said v cle>ly1 8,ill----l40 8,f9e60 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,john1 y may pron\nce ! :ole ^w40 ,john did s1 s\nd+ ! lett]s correctly b plac+ ! acc5t on ! second syllable1 ?us1 8,brok-o-li40 8,n q "r10 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,i am go+ to pron\nce ! ^w correctly4 ,z ,i speak x notice :i* syllable ,i acc5t or emphasize40 ,%e !n repeat$ ! ^w1 plac+ ! acc5t correctly4 8,y acc5t$ ! fir/ syllable10 said ,alice4 8,yes10 answ]$ ,miss ,m]l91 8,i did4 ,n[ look at ! ^w z ,i h copi$ x on ! bo>d f ! diction>y & see if y c discov] any?+ t tells me :i* syllable %\ld be acc5t$40 8,oh1 ,i "k10 cri$ ,john4 8,!re is a little m>k some?+ l a slant+ exclamation m>k aft] ! fir/ syllable6 ,is t :y y read x l an exclamation1 ,miss ,m]l980 ,miss ,m]l9 laugh$ & answ]$1 8,well1 we call ! m>k an acc5t4 ,b x is some?+ l an exclamation m>k 9 looks1 & an acc5t$ syllable s\nds n unlike an exclamation1 ,john4 ,n[ pron\nce ! ^w correctly40 ,john did s1 & !n o!r pupils repeat$ x aft] him4 8,n[ ,i "k h[ to pron\nce ! new ^w b ,i don't "k :at x means10 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,! mean+ ( ! ^w is writt5 "r aft] ! correct pronunciation4 ,m>y1 w y read :at is writt580 ,m>y look$ at ! pr9t$ page = a mom5t1 !n read al\d1 8,broccoli4 ,a h>dy caulifl[]40 8,h[ _m "k :at a caulifl[] is80 ask$ ,miss ,m]l94 ,%e look$ at ! uprais$ h&s & add$1 8,i see t y all "k1 b if any "o didn't "k h[ c\ld he f9d out f ! diction>y80 ,eag]ly ! pupils told ,miss ,m]l9 h[ to f9d ! ^w--8track x d[n10 ,john said--9 ! diction>y2 h[ to le>n to pron\nce x2 & h[ to f9d ! mean+4 8,good10 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,:at h y le>n$ 9 ?is lesson80 8,i h le>n$ t ,i c f9d ! pronunciation & mean+ ( any new ^w 9 ! diction>y10 said ,alice4 8,i h le>n$ h[ to f9d any ^w ,i want10 said ,tom4 8,i h le>n$ h[ to unlock ! pronunciation ( any ^w ) ! keys at ! bottom ( ! page10 said ,jack4 8,i h le>n$ h[ to acc5t ! "r syllable10 said ,m>y4 8,i h le>n$ :]e to look = ! mean+ ( a ^w10 said ,h5ry4 8,!n y h le>n$ almo/ all t is necess>y = a helpful use ( ! diction>y10 said ,miss ,m]l94 8,tomorr[ we w h "s diction>y practice40 ,! tea*] may read ! above /ory to h] pupils or make a simil> introductory /udy ( ! diction>y ) any ^w %e may select4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,fif? ,,ye> ,,use ,,( ,,/ory ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,"p ,,ii1 ! /ory ( 8,! ,k+'s ,rules0 0 giv5 to ! *ildr54 ,?is /ory %\ld be review$ = x emphasizes ?ree important factors 9 le>n+ to spell4 #a4 ,to li/5 c>efully :5 ! ^w is spok54 #b4 ,to say x correctly :5 y speak x4 #c4 ,to look at ! ^w ?\ghtfully to get an exact picture ( x 9 y\r m9d4 ,! "w ( ! fif? & six? grades op5s ) ano!r /ory to emphasize ! same ?ree po9ts 9 a diff]5t way4 ,! /ory ( 8,! ,two ,sc\ts0 emphasizes ! fact t a good spell] is a good spell] because he ,sees exactly ,he>s exactly ,pron\nces exactly ,x is hop$ t fif? & six? grade tea*]s w cont9ually emphasize ^! ?ree fundam5tal pr9ciples4 ,,diction>y ,,"w ,! new "w ( grade ,,iv consi/$ 9 ! pres5tation ( ! =mal use ( ! diction>y4 ,_m drill lessons 7 giv5 9 connection ) language1 read+1 & spell+ lessons4 ,a good habit has be5 />t$4 ,! *ildr51 h[ev]1 h n become suffici5tly famili> ) ! diction>y to make ! f9d+ ( words easy4 ,mu* practice 9 se>*+ = words ne$s to be giv5 s t su* se>*+ becomes m or less automatic4 ,!y h little ne$ outside ( s*ool to use ! diction>y1 & !re are _m matt]s :i* ! f\r? grade tea*] did n h ! "t to tea*1 ev5 if ! *ildr5 _h be5 prep>$ = x4 ,to give all ! drill t is necess>y )\t ! "w becom+ a burd5 :i* ! *ildr5 w approa* ) little or no int]e/ w tax ! be/ +5uity ( ! tea*]4 ,! fif? grade tea*]1 !re=e1 mu/ cont9ue ! good "w begun 9 ! f\r? grade4 ,%e mu/ attempt to make ! habit m automatic4 ,*ildr5 mu/ be taught t !y h a real ne$ = ! diction>y4 ,! f\r? grade 0 taught ! use ( ! long & ! %ort v[els 9 ! ^w4 ,! fif? grade completes ?is "w by pres5t+ ! o!r s\nds ( ! v[els & ! use ( ! key at ! bottom ( ! page 9 e diction>y4 ,?is "w is pres5t$ 9 ,lesson #g4 ,accompany+ ?is lesson is a li/ ( words :i* pres5t "s difficulty 9 pronunciation4 ,pupils are ask$ to look up ! pronunciation 9 ! diction>y4 ,?is %\ld be done "u ! imm$iate sup]vision ( ! tea*]4 ,directions are giv5 ! pupil z an aid 9 fix+ ?is phase ( ! "w 9 ! memory1 n z a sub/itute = ! tea*+4 ,t[>d ! latt] "p ( ! ye> a fur!r phase ( ! use ( ! diction>y is pres5t$4 ,lesson #ade deals ) ! subject ( f9d+ ! spell+ ( a ^w ( :i* ! pupil is n q sure4 ,/eps 9 f9d+ ! spell+ ( a ^w3 #a4 ,?9k c>efully h[ ! ^w might be spell$4 7a7 ,note ! syllables4 7b7 ,note ! s\nd ( v[els & consonants 9 ea* syllable4 7c7 ,note ! possibilities to repres5t ea* s\nd4 #b4 ,f9d ! ^w 9 ! diction>y4 7a7 ,call att5tion to ! fact t ! fir/ two or ?ree lett]s w approximately locate a %ort ^w4 7b7 ,! fir/ f\r or five lett]s w approximately locate ne>ly e ^w4 7c7 ,e ^w 9 ! diction>y is arrang$ 9 exact alphabetical ord]4 ,words 9 ,lessons #c1 #ag1 #ci1 & #dj illu/rate a ?ird phase ) ! developm5t ( root words & d]ivatives :i* w be taught =mally 9 ! sev5? grade4 ,^! lessons br+ toge!r words :i* h a common root4 ,! tea*] %\ld be cont9ually on ! wat* = ^! common roots & call ! att5tion ( ! *ildr5 to !m4 ,9 und]tak+ to develop a spell+ consci\sness !re is probably no?+ t w help s mu* z ?is phase ( ! "w4 ,9 agree1 agreeable1 disagreeable1 & agreem5t1 agree is ! common "p4 ,*ildr5 d n always recognize ?is1 z %[n by ! fact t *ildr5 spell ! d]ivative ) a l[] degree ( accuracy ?an !y spell ! root ^w4 7,see page #ai ( ?is manual47 ,,enunciation ,along ) ! tea*+ ( ! v>i\s s\nds ( ! v[els & consonants %\ld come at ?is "t a /rong ef=t to impress ! ne$ ( cle> enunciation4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 t a v[el is giv5 its true value1 t all s\nds are giv51 t sil5t lett]s are n s\nd$1 & t ! syllabication is correct4 ,poor enunciation is a common s\rce ( error4 ,d n p]mit 890 = 8+10 f9al 8ed0 to be s\nd$ l 8t10 or 8body0 to be pron\nc$ 8buddy40 ,rememb] t a ^w correctly pron\nc$ is half spell$4 ,,tea*+ ,,( ,,rules ,9 ! text ( ! e>li] grades1 emphasis has be5 frequ5tly direct$ t[>d ! *anges 9 words 9 =m+ plurals & add+ suffixes & prefixes4 ,v little has be5 said :5 ! only *ange has be5 ! add+ ( 8s40 ,?is regul> =m causes no great tr\ble4 ,dur+ ! fif? ye> a few simple rules are pres5t$4 ,^! h be5 frequ5tly illu/rat$ 9 e>li] grades4 ,! rules pres5t$ are ^? = :i* !re is frequ5t use4 ,on pages #ad1 #ag1 & #ai ! rule = writ+ d]ivatives ( words end+ 9 y prec$$ by a consonant is giv5 ) _m illu/rations4 ,?r\gh\t ! ye>'s "w1 h[ev]1 ^! words are occurr+4 ,su* words w be f\nd 9 ,lessons #bj1 #cb1 #cd1 #cg1 #ci1 #dj1 #da1 #db1 #ej1 #ei1 #ia1 #aad1 #aae1 #aef4 ,on page #bh ! rule = writ+ ! plurals ( n\ns end+ 9 f or fe is giv5 ) illu/rations4 ,aft] ^! rules are taught ! tea*] %\ld take e advantage (f]$ = fix+ ! rules4 ,,spell+ ,,demons ,spell+ demons h be5 describ$ z words :i* give tr\ble & ne$ to be attack$ z ! knights ( old attack$ & ov]came dragons & demons t br\ght tr\ble to mank9d4 ,9 ,lessons #fd to #ge ! hundr$ words describ$ by ,dr4 ,jones z ! ,hundr$ ,demons ( ! ,engli% ,language are giv54 ,ea* ( ^! words has be5 previ\sly taught1 "s ( !m z e>ly z ! second grade4 ,x is v probable1 !re=e1 t = "s *ildr5 only a few ( ! words are 8demons10 = a demon conqu]$ is a demon no long]4 ,^! lessons1 !re=e1 %\ld be us$ z a te/ to f9d out :i* *ildr5 ne$ fur!r drill or new pres5tations ( ^! difficult words4 ,^! words %\ld h be5 fix$ 9 previ\s grades1 b if any pupil has n ma/]$ ! ^w n[ is ! "t to attempt to ma/] x4 ,h[ev]1 x is individual "w1 n class "w1 :i* is ne$$4 ,on page #db h be5 collect$ #acb ( ! #a1jjj commone/ words z select$ by ,ayres4 ,?is li/ %\ld be us$ 9 a simil> way4 ,all ( ^! words h be5 taught4 ,! me?od to foll[1 !n1 is to te/ fir/ to see :at words1 if any1 ne$ to be taught aga9 to ! class1 & !n :at words %\ld be emphasiz$ ) individuals4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,six? ,,ye> ,,words ,,us$ ,,9 ,,! ,,s*oolroom ,9 _m c\rses ( /udy ! =mal tea*+ ( hi/ory beg9s 9 ! six? grade4 ,! spell+ "w ( ?is grade gives _m lessons directly1 or indirectly1 connect$ ) ! tea*+ ( hi/ory4 ,lessons #a to #ag1 & #ajd to #aji1 h = _! f\ndation lessons on ! flag & gov]nm5t4 ,h[ev]1 !re are always special words 9 v>i\s subjects ( ! curriculum :i* %\ld be le>n$ because ( _! use 9 ! s*ool "w ( ! ye>1 r ?an = _! g5]al use 9 ! _w at l>ge4 ,^! words are n includ$ 9 ! spell+ book & %\ld be taught z supplem5t>y words z occasion requires4 ,?is is also true ( local & prop] names4 ,prop] names1 ) v few exceptions1 are n taught 9 ?is text4 ,! tea*] %\ld make up a li/ ( su* local names z h] pupils ne$ to "k1 & tea* ! spell+ ( any t h spell+ difficulty4 ,,diction>y ,,"w ,! diction>y "w ( ! six? ye> aims to e/abli% ! diction>y habit4 ,lesson #cj is ! beg9n+ ( ! use ( ! synonym1 al?\gh ?is ^w is n us$ 9 ! pupil's text at ?is po9t4 ,?is lesson %\ld be work$ out v c>efully "u ! imm$iate sup]vision ( ! tea*]4 ,! =mal "w on synonyms is pres5t$ 9 ! sev5? grade1 b ?is prelim9>y "w is ( v great importance4 ,! rule = =m+ ! plurals ( n\ns end+ 9 o is giv5 9 ,lesson #ce1 & = n\ns end+ 9 s1 %1 *1 & x1 is giv5 9 ,lesson #cf4 ,on pages #fc & #fd are pres5t$ lessons consi/+ ( words hav+ i be=e e1 or e be=e i4 ,aft] tea*+ ,lessons #de to #ej inclusive1 ! words ( ^! lessons %\ld be review$ z a :ole4 ,o!r reviews ( !m %\ld be frequ5t en\gh to be sure t ! rule is fix$ 9 ! *ild's m9d & is be+ foll[$4 ,!re is no great] cause = misspell+ ?an ! confusion exi/+ because ( ^! two comb9ations ( lett]s4 ,c>eful tea*+ at ?is po9t means mu*4 ,lessons #ea to #ed1 inclusive1 are exceptions to ! rule & %\ld be c>efully not$4 ,individual words are con/antly occurr+ :i* well illu/rate ! rules t h be5 taught4 ,tea*]s %\ld n fail to take advantage ( ^! opportunities 9 ! tea*+ "p ( ! lesson4 ,,build+ ,a ,,vocabul>y ,?r\gh\t ! book e possible opportunity to pres5t root words & d]ivatives toge!r has be5 tak54 ,lessons #f1 #h1 #i1 #ac1 #bj1 #cj1 #ee1 #fg1 & _m o!rs illu/rate ?is feature4 ,x 0 n possible to pres5t d]ivatives 9 all cases1 or to pres5t all t might well be discuss$ ) ea* root ^w4 ,a great opportunity = spl5did ^w build+ exi/s 9 connection ) ! spell+ lesson4 ,! res\rceful tea*] w supply additional words ( ?is class at e opportunity1 call+ especial att5tion to any *anges ( =m because ( ! =mation ( ! d]ivative4 ,?is w mean n only a l>g] spell+ vocabul>y b a l>g] speak+ vocabul>y4 ,tea*+ synonyms also furni%es a *ance to greatly increase ! speak+ vocabul>y4 ,,demon ,,& ,,review ,,words ,on page #fe is giv5 ano!r li/ ( 8demons0 prep>$ by ! au?ors4 ,! six? grade tea*] %\ld hold h]self responsible = ?is li/4 ,keep on urg+ & te/+ until ea* *ild has ma/]$ 8 p>ticul> demons4 ,rememb] t !y are an individual affair & t no two pupils h ! same difficulties4 ,a special review li/ ( common words is also giv5 on pages #hd & #he4 ,?is li/ %\ld be te/$ f "t to "t1 & a v high p]c5tage ( accuracy may reasonably be expect$4 ,,vocabul>y ,! vocabul>y at ! end ( ! "w = ! grade s]ves f\r purposes3 #a4 ,x %[s ! tea*] all ! words :i* are 9 ! text4 #b4 ,x enables ! pupil to f9d ! ^w :i* has occurr$ 9 ! ye>'s "w4 #c4 ,! a/]isk %[s :i* words h be5 previ\sly taught4 #d4 ,x gives a li/ ( words ) :i* to te/ ! pupils at ! end ( ! ye>'s "w4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,sev5? ,,ye> ,,! ,,/ory ,! "w ( ea* book beg9s ) a /ory int5d$ to impress ! *ildr5 ) ! importance ( see+ ! ^w exactly1 he>+ ! ^w correctly1 & pron\nc+ ! ^w accurately4 8,! ,effici5t ,guide0 emphasizes ^! po9ts toge!r ) ! necessity ( le>n+ to spell ! ^w correctly ! fir/ "t4 ,! "r use ( ! /ory w help to impress ^u ! *ildr5 ! fact t 9 spell+1 z 9 ! indu/rial _w1 !re is no second *ance4 ,a ?+ is "r or x is wrong4 ,,roots ,,& ,,d]ivatives ,! ,,ald9e ,,spell] has emphasiz$ ?r\gh\t its text ! importance ( develop+ a 8spell+ consci\sness40 ,a simple li/ ( words is inadequate to accompli% ?is4 ,! "w ( ! sev5? grade cont9ues ?is developm5t by emphasiz+ ! importance ( roots & d]ivatives4 ,tea*]s h be5 repeat$ly urg$ to pres5t all d]ivatives :5ev] ! root ^w has be5 giv54 ,! =mal /udy ( roots & d]ivatives is a l>ge "p ( ! "w ( ! sev5? grade4 ,emphasis %\ld always be giv5 to ! "p :i* is already famili>1 at ! same "t call+ att5tion to any *anges 9 ! v[el or 9 ! consonant ?r\gh ! =mation ( ! d]ivative4 ,,tr\blesome ,,end+s ,on page #ae w be f\nd a gr\p ( words end+ 9 or1 er1 & ar4 ,^! %\ld be taught 9 gr\ps until !y are ?or\ghly fix$4 ,mnemonics may help to e/abli% ! correct =m4 ,rem9d ! pupil ( ! spell+ & pronunciation ( au?ority & he w rememb] t au?or ends 9 or4 ,likewise factory1 inv5tory1 oratory1 simil>ity1 etc41 help to %[ him ! correct spell+ ( ! %ort] ^w4 ,foll[+ ?is drill review ! entire page4 ,,synonyms ,mu* ( ! "w ( ! sev5? grade consi/s ( a c>eful /udy ( synonyms4 ,spell+ is closely correlat$ ) language & "o ( ! results ( good spell+ tea*+ %\ld be n only an ability to spell common words correctly1 b a normal & cont9u\s gr[? 9 ! writt5 & spok5 vocabul>ies ( ! *ildr54 ,?is gr[? c be increas$ v mat]ially by ! /udy ( d]ivatives & synonyms4 ,?is /udy also furni%es ! v be/ ex]cises 9 ! use ( ! diction>y = :i* ! pupils h be5 prep>$ 9 prec$+ grades4 ,,diction>y ,,"w ,n only does ! "w 9 synonyms 9 ?is grade provide excell5t diction>y "w1 b !re are /ill o!r opportunities = ! tea*] to give ! "r k9d ( practice 9 ! use ( t book4 ,no lessons on antonyms h be5 giv51 b x is an excell5t practice to h pupils look up antonyms z well z synonyms4 ,_m additional p>agraphs may be dictat$ by ! tea*] & ! pupils requir$ to look up bo? synonyms & antonyms4 ,no?+ m wood5 or dead5+ c be conceiv$ ?an ! practice ( requir+ ! pupils to look up e ^w 9 ! diction>y & to write a def9ition = ea* & e "o4 ,?is monoton\s practice %\ld nev] be foll[$4 ,put life & int]e/ into ! lesson by v>iety1 & let ! *ildr5 see t ! build+ up ( a vocabul>y c be an excit+ game4 ,,! ,,tea*]',s ,,opportunity ,p]haps ) no class has ! sev5? grade tea*] a great] opportunity = a f9e & helpful influ5ce ?an %e has ) ! spell+ class4 ,h] pupils w be judg$1 9 lat] ye>s1 by _! spee*4 ,%e may1 by c>eful tea*+1 exp& _! vocabul>ies s t !y h a broad range1 & %e may likewise secure an accuracy 9 enunciation :i* w reflect great cr$it on h] tea*+4 ,h[ev]1 ?is tra9+ mu/ c>ry ov] into all o!r class "w 9 ! grade to atta9 its greate/ effectiv5ess4 ,,reviews ,a review ( _m tr\blesome words previ\sly taught is giv5 at ! beg9n+4 ,_m reviews %\ld be giv5 dur+ ! ye>4 ,^! %\ld be det]m9$ by ! tea*] & %\ld emphasize all words t h pres5t$ difficulty to ! class or to individuals4 ,,prop] ,,names ,9 ! class "w 9 ,geography & ,hi/ory ! pupil is confront$ ) a great _m prop] names4 ,=tunately mo/ ( ^! are spell$ z !y s\nd4 ,= a pupil :o has be5 prop]ly taught su* words pres5t no difficulties4 ,! important po9t is to see t !y are correctly pron\nc$ :5 fir/ us$4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 _m prop] names t h spell+ peculi>ities4 ,! great importance ( impress+ ^! ^u ! pupil's m9d is q obvi\s4 ,?is %\ld be done 9 connection ) ! regul> class "w z !y h occasion to use ! names4 ,! sev5? grade tea*] %\ld be especially vigilant & see t all prop] names are correctly spell$1 p>ticul>ly ) reg>d to ! capital lett]4 ,,vocabul>y ,! alphabetical vocabul>y may be us$ = review lessons & = look+ up words4 ,its use helps to enc\rage ! diction>y habit4 ,,sugge/ions ,,= ,,eigh? ,,ye> ,,review ,! eigh? grade tea*] %\ld read c>efully ! directions = ! sev5? grade4 ,%e %\ld "k :at has be5 done & :at has be5 left undone4 ,9 _m s*ools %e completes ! tea*+ ( spell+4 ,:ile wa/+ no "t 9 unnecess>y reviews1 %e may wisely give a c>eful te/ at ! beg9n+ & le>n h] problems4 ,! "w 9 ^w build+1 by means ( synonyms & d]ivatives1 %\ld be cont9u$4 ,,prefixes ,,& ,,suffixes ,! "w ( ! eigh? grade cont9ues ! "w ( ! sev5? grade 9 ^w build+ by a c>eful /udy ( prefixes & suffixes4 ,! addition ( a prefix or a suffix makes a long] ^w &1 because x is long]1 ! ^w becomes h>d] to visualize z a :ole4 ,x is highly important t ! root "p ( ! ^w %\ld be po9t$ out1 & x w be f\nd t 9 mo/ cases x is a famili> ^w4 ,:5 ?is is true ! prefix or ! suffix becomes ! "p :i* ne$s to be drill$ ^u & emphasiz$4 ,on pages #dh to #ed are giv5 a li/ ( words hav+ tr\blesome end+s4 ,on pages #dh1 #di1 & #ej1 = example1 are words end+ 9 ent1 ant1 ence1 & ance4 ,^! %\ld be taught by gr\ps &1 aft] ! :ole page has be5 c>efully taught & /udi$1 drill lessons & reviews %\ld be giv5 until ! pupil has ! end+s le>n$4 ,^! reviews w tax ! +5uity ( ! tea*] t !y may be int]e/+ & n m]ely a me*anical ^w drill4 ,att5tion may well be call$ to ! fact t ! plural ( n\ns end+ 9 ant & ent h ! same pronunciation z ! correspond+ words end+ 9 ance & ence4 ,if giv5 9 a s5t5ce ! mean+ w cle>ly %[ him :i* "o is meant4 ,c>e mu/ be us$ t confusion does n result4 ,?\ghtful tea*+ is important4 ,,review ,,( ,,rules ,dur+ ! "w ( ! prec$+ grades ! important rules = spell+ h be5 develop$4 ,on pages #ed1 #ef1 & #eg1 !y are giv5 = review ) _m illu/rations4 ,9 addition1 ,lessons #cj1 #ch1 & #ci1 give "s exceptions to ^! rules4 ,^! lessons %\ld be ?or\ghly review$ until ! correct spell+ is e/abli%$4 ,,words ,,hav+ ,,two ,,pronunciations ,at ! close ( ! ye>'s "w is giv5 a li/ ( #bh words spell$ alike b acc5t$ diff]5tly4 ,! diff]5ce 9 mean+ %\ld be emphasiz$1 ea* ^w us$ 9 a s5t5ce to impress ! correct pronunciation1 & ! pupils taught to discrim9ate z to ! =m t %\ld be us$4 ,,vocabul>y ,z 9 previ\s grades mu* use may be made ( ! alphabetical vocabul>y = purposes ( review & ref]5ce4 ,,app5dix ,foll[+ ! vocabul>y ! tea*] w f9d "s special li/s1 plac$ !re = ref]5ce4 ,!y w provide "s v int]e/+ supplem5t>y lessons4 ,!y are3 #a4 ,a li/ ( words us$ 9 m$ic9e1 & ! names ( diseases4 ,_m ( ^! pres5t difficulties4 ,_! tea*+ is optional ) ! tea*]4 #b4 ,a li/ ( words hav+ m ?an "o correct spell+4 ,! simpl] spell+ is usually ! "o to be pref]r$4 #c4 ,a li/ ( words frequ5tly mispron\nc$4 ,! tea*] %\ld "k ?is li/ & by x *eck ! pupil's pronunciation4 #d4 ,a li/ ( =eign words :i* h come into m or less frequ5t use 9 our language4 ,! correct pronunciation %\ld be not$4 #e4 ,two li/s ( =eign words & phrases1 *iefly f ! ,fr5* & ,lat94 ,?\gh only a small p]c5tage ( ! pupils w use ^! 9 writ+ !y occur ) su* frequ5cy 9 ! books :i* !y w read t x is desirable t !y %all h access to !m4 #f4 ,a li/ ( common abbreviations4 ,^! ne$ to be le>n$ s9ce _! use is frequ5t4 ,illu/ration ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes #a4 ,sil5tly correct$ typographical errors & v>iations 9 spell+4 #b4 ,ar*aic1 non-/&>d1 & unc]ta9 spell+s reta9$ z pr9t$4 #c4 ,enclos$ italics font 9 und]scores4