,,tol]ation ,,& ,,o!r ,,essays ,,by ,,voltaire ,,translat$1 ,,) ,,an ,,introduction1 ,,by ,joseph ,mc,cabe ,g4 ,p4 ,,putnam',s ,,sons ,,new ,,york ,,& ,,london ,! ,knick]bock] ,press #aiab ,! ,knick]bock] ,press1 ,new ,york ,,introduction ,x seems useful1 9 pres5t+ to ,engli% read]s ?is selection ( ! works ( ,voltaire1 to recall ! position & p]sonality ( ! writ] & ! circum/ances 9 :i* ! works 7 writt54 ,x is too lightly assum$1 ev5 by _m :o enjoy ! fre$om :i* he1 m ?an any1 won = ,europe1 & :o may surpass him 9 scepticism1 t ,voltaire is a figure to be left 9 a discreetly remote ni*e ( memory4 8,o!r times1 o!r mann]s0 is "o ( ! phrases he contribut$ to mod]n lit]ature4 ,let u g5ially ackn[l$ge t he play$ a great "p 9 dispell+ ! la/ mi/s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & politely attribute to ! papal p]v]sity & ! l+]+ vulg>ity ( 8 age ! m effective features ( 8 "w4 ,?us has ,voltaire become a m]e "n to mod]n rationali/s2 a "n ( fad+ brilliance1 a monum5tal "n1 b no?+ m4 ,?is s5tim5t is at once ! effect & ! cause ( a v g5]al ignorance conc]n+ ,voltaire2 & x is a reproa* to u4 ,we h "t1 amid increas+ k1 to recov] ! mo/ obscure p]sonalities ( ! ,middle ,ages & ( antiquity2 we trace ! mo/ elem5t>y contributors to mod]n culture2 & we neglect "o ( ! mightie/ =ces t made ! developm5t ( mod]n culture possible4 ,i d n speak ( ,voltaire ! hi/orian1 :o1 a di/+ui%$ writ] says1 introduc$ hi/ory = ! fir/ "t into ! realm ( lett]s2 ,voltaire ! dramati/1 ^: "n is inscrib$ = ev] 9 ! temple ( ! tragic muse2 ,voltaire ! physici/1 :o drove ! old ,c>tesianism out ( ,france1 & impos$ on x ! f]tile pr9ciples ( ,newton2 ,voltaire ! social re=m]1 :o talk$ to eighte5?-c5tury k+s ( ! rights ( man1 & sc\rg$ e judicial crim9al ( 8 ari/ocratic age2 ,voltaire ! cosmopolitan1 :o boldly set up ,engl&'s ensign ( lib]ty 9 feudal ,france4 ,all ^! ?+s 7 done by ! 8flippant ,voltaire0 ( ! flippant mod]n prea*]4 ,b he c be consid]$ "h only z "o ( ! few :o1 9 an age ( pr(\nd inequality1 us$ ! privilege ( 8 enlight5m5t to enlight5 8 fell[s2 "o ( ^? :o won = u t lib]ty to ?9k rationally1 & to speak freely1 on religi\s matt]s :i* we too airily attribute to our new goddess1 ,evolution4 ,! position ( ,voltaire 9 ! developm5t ( religi\s ?\ght 9 ,europe is unique4 ,ev5 if 8 words _h no application 9 our age1 x m]its ! mo/ grateful consid]ation4 ,trace to its s\rces ! _s t has l$ mod]n ,france & mod]n ,portugal to raise civic ideals above cre$s1 & t w1 )9 a few decades1 f9d ! same expression 9 ,spa91 ,italy1 ,belgium1 & half ( ,am]ica4 ,y f9d y\rself 9 ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 :51 9 all ^? c\ntries1 a few hundr$ m51 & "s wom51 ma9ta9$ a sup]b /ruggle ) re/or$ mon>*s & re/or$ ,jesuits = ! lib]ty t _h be5 wre/$ f !m2 & y f9d t ! va/ majority ( !m 7 disciples ( ,voltaire4 ,g back to ! v beg9n+ ( ! anti-cl]ical movem5t2 seek ! g5]ators ( t intellectual & emotional electricity :i*1 ga!r+ ins5sibly 9 ! atmosph]e ( ,europe 9 ! second half ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 bur/ at la/ 9 ! lurid fla%es & ! roll+ ?und]s ( ! ,great ,revolution4 ,on ! religi\s side1 ) :i* alone ,i am conc]n$ "h1 t deva/at+ /orm 0 ov]:elm+ly due to ! writ+s ( ,voltaire4 ,r\sseau1 x is true1 gave to ! _w 8 simple ,dei/ic cre$1 & ) sweet reasonabl5ess lodg$ x 9 ! m9ds ( _m2 ,did]ot & d',holba* & ,la ,mettrie impress$ _! deep] scepticism ) a weight ( le>n+4 ,b ,voltaire 0 ! oracle ( ,europe4 8,i h no sceptre1 b ,i h a p510 he once said to ,fr$]ick ! ,great4 ,& :51 9 8 lat] ye>s1 he p\r$ out f 8 remote *teau on ! ,swiss fronti] ! flood ( satires1 /ories1 s]mons1 dialogues1 pamphlets1 & treatises :i* ate deep into ! fabric ( old ,europe1 8 p5 prov$ mighti] ?an all ! sceptres ( its k+s4 ,to ignore ,voltaire is to ignore hi/ory4 ,my object1 h[ev]1 9 introduc+ to ,engli% read]s ^! few *>act]i/ic specim5s ( 8 anti-cl]ical "w is n solely to bespeak "s gratefulness = ! tol]ation & fre$om :i* he en=c$ on a reluctant _w1 or to gratify a simple curiosity z to ! "* ( 8 p[]4 ,^! are n dead words1 n a%es ( an ext9ct fire1 :i* we dis9t]2 = ! _w is n dead at :i* !y 7 flung4 ,if !y cause res5tm5t 9 ! m9ds ( "s1 ! publication w be ! m ju/ifi$4 ,b be=e ,i expla9 ?is p>adox1 let me %[ h[ ! works came to be writt51 & writt5 9 su* a way4 ,! life ( ,voltaire1 :i* "s conceive z a prolong$ adolesc5ce1 has a v cle> & in/ructive division into adolesc5ce1 manhood1 & ripe age4 ,all ! works giv5 9 ?is volume belong to ! la/ "p1 b we mu/ glance at ! o!rs4 ,franois ,m>ie ,ar\et 0 born1 9 ! v com=table b\rgeois family ( a /aid ,p>isian not>y1 9 #afid4 ,he became a precoci\s1 %>p-e>$ boy4 ,8 godfa!r 0 an abb1 a k9d ( ecclesia/ic--n usually a prie/--9 ! ,france ( ! "t :o drew 8 income f ! ,*ur*1 & !re=e felt m entitl$ ?an ! ord9>y layman to sc(f at its dogmas & ignore its morals4 ,he c\ld plead ! example ( 8 bi%ops4 ,sev]al ( ^! abbs visit$ ! home ( ! ,ar\ets1 & gave little 8,zozo0 8 fir/ lessons 9 ,biblical criticism4 ,9 ! great college ( ! ,jesuits he le>n$ to articulate 8 scepticism4 ,9 8 sev5te5? ye> he set out on ! c>e] ( lett]s4 ,! k9dly abb1 :o1 hav+ answ]$ to ,god = him at ! baptismal font1 felt b\nd to guide 8 =tunes1 introduc$ him to "o ( ! mo/ brilliant & dissolute circles 9 ,p>is4 ,x 0 a k9d ( club ( abbs1 nobles1 writ]s1 etc41 & 9 x he w\ld rapidly atta9 t l>ge & peculi> k ( ! ,old ,te/am5t :i* appe>s 9 8 writ+s4 ,he sp>kl$ s mu* at ! supp]s ( ! ,epicureans1 & e>n$ su* reputation1 t he 0 put 9 ! ,ba/ille = c]ta9 naughty epigrams1 :i* he _h n writt52 & he 0 exil$ = ano!r epigram1 on a di/+ui%$ s9n]1 :i* he _h writt54 ,9 ! p5sive solitude ( ! ,ba/ille he *ang$ 8 "n to ,voltaire4#a ,he em]g$ bold] ?an ev]1 wrote trag$ies & poems & epigrams1 0 welcom$ 9 ! sm>te/ salons ( ,p>is1 & behav$ z a "y g5tleman ( ! "t 0 expect$ to behave1 until 8 ?irty-fir/ ye>4 ,9 #agbf he 01 ?r\gh ! despotic & mo/ unju/ action ( a p[]ful noble1 aga9 put 9 ! ,ba/ille1 & 0 !n all[$ to ex*ange t =tress = ! fogs ( ,london4 ,up to ?is "t he _h no idea ( attack+ ,*ur* or ,/ate4 ,he _h1 9 #agbb1 writt5 a lett] on religion--9 ! ve91 app>5tly1 ( "s ( ,sw9burne's unpubli%$ juv5ilia--:i* a di/+ui%$ writ] ( ! "t1 to :om he read x1 describ$ z 8mak+ 8 hair /& on end02 x 01 h[ev]1 n int5d$ = circulation4 ,b exp]i5ce ( ,engl&1 = :i* he contract$ a passionate admiration1 & :i* 7z ,mr4 ,*urton ,coll9s has %[n7 he /udi$ pr(\ndly1 sob]$ him ) a high & s]i\s purpose4 ,he met all ! brilliant writ]s ( t age 9 ,engl&1 & took a great int]e/ 9 ! religi\s controv]sy :i* rag$ ov] ,an?ony ,coll9s's ,disc\rse4 ,he return$ to ,france 9 #agbi1 v[+ to w9 = x ! lib]ty & enlight5m5t he _h enjoy$ 9 ,engl&4 ,! spl5did ,engli% ,lett]s :i* he wrote ) t aim1 & 0 afraid to publi%1 leak$ out 9 #agcd4 ,! book 0 burn$ by ! hangman1 & he _h to retire once m1 = lett+ ,france "k h[ enlight5$ ,engl& 0 9 ! days ( ,george ,i4 ,i pass ov] tw5ty ye>s ( 8 /r5u\s & brilliant c>e]4 ,he wrote 8 mo/ fam\s trag$ies & hi/ories2 he made an ard5t /udy (1 & introduc$ to ,france1 ! new sci5ce ( ,isaac ,newton1 ^: fun]al he _h witness$ 9 ,london2 he 0 bani%$ f 8 c\ntry = smil+ at ,adam & ,eve2 he des]t$ ,france = ,g]many1 & !n qu>rell$ ) ,fr$]ick ! ,great2 he tri$ lib]al ,switz]l&1 & f\nd t x gave y lib]ty only to attack o!r p's dogmas2 & 9 #agfj he settl$ at ,f]ney1 s9ce ! %r9e ( ,cont95tal ,rationalism1 on ! fronti]1 s t he c\ld talk to ,calv9i/s f ! ,fr5* side1 & cross ! bord]1 if ne$ 71 to talk to ,france4 ,b ,france 0 at 8 feet4 ,= eighte5 ye>s m he %[]$ 8 ra9 ( publications on x4 ,ev5 9 ^? illit]ate days "s ( 8 publications sold #cjj1jjj copies4 ,& :5 at la/1 9 #aggh1 he 0 tempt$ to revisit ,p>is1 ! ro> ( delight1 ( e/eem1 ( abject wor%ip1 ov]:elm$ him1 & he di$ 9 a flood ( glory4 ,to ^? la/ tw5ty ye>s ( 8 life belong ! anti-,*ri/ian works reproduc$ 9 ?is volume4 ,he 0 n[ a man ( mature judgm5t1 va/ erudition1 & grave humanit>ian purpose4 ,! common notion 9 ,engl& ( ,voltaire's works1 z sup]ficial gibes ?r[n out by ! way 9 a brilliant c>e]1 is %e] nons5se4 ,8 comm& ( hi/ory 0 rem>kable2 & he _h1 = ! "t1 a ?or\gh grasp ( sci5ce & philosophy4 ,8 argum5ts = ! exi/5ce ( ,god w comp>e ) ^? ( ! able/ lay or cl]ical !ologians ( 8 "t4 ,8 k 0 defective & inaccurate because all k 0 defective & inaccurate 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 :5 rese>* 0 only j beg9n+ to recov] f its long ecclesia/ical p>alysis4 ,no man 9 ,france _h a l>g] comm& ( su* k z ! "t af=d$1 & ! use he made ( x 0 s]i\s & high-purpos$4 ,x is only ! sup]ficial :o _c see ! dep? bel[ t sp>kl+ surface2 only ! ins5sible :o _c feel ! /rong1 /eady beat ( a human he>t beh9d ! rippl+ laught]4 crasez l'infame--8,cru% ! infam\s ?+0--! battle-cry :i* he s5t ov] ,europe f ! ,swiss fronti]1 0 b a fi]y expression ( 8 love ( m51 ( lib]ty1 ( enlight5m5t1 & ( progress4 ,read ! /ories ( brutality 9 ! guise ( religion t are told 9 ^! pages--/ories :i* ran into ,voltaire's day--! /ories ( 8religi\s0 processions & relics & sup]/itions1 ! /ory ( h[ ?is ignorant cr$ulity _h be5 impos$ on ,europe1 & h[ x 0 ma9ta9$ by sceptical prie/s1 & say1 if y d>e1 t ! phrase 0 n a cry ( tru?1 s9c]ity1 & humanity4 ,!re 0 ev5 a pr(\ndly religi\s impulse 9 8 "w4 ,a cl]ical fri5d once confid$ to me t he f\nd a use 9 ,voltaire4 ,x seem$ t1 :5 inspiration = ! ,sunday s]mon fail$1 he fell ^u my 8a!i/ic fri5ds10 ,voltaire & ,r\sseau1 & ! ,fr5* ,revolution !y br\ght ab\t4 ,he 0 amaz$ to he> t !y believ$ 9 ,god z firmly z1 & mu* m reasonably ?an1 he & 8 colleagues did4 ,voltaire's aim 0 a s9c]e ef=t to rid pure religion ( its morbid & abom9able ov]gr[?s4 ,v good1 y say2 b :y n h set ab\t x m politely8 ,= two pla9 reasons4 ,fir/1 because ! "* ( 8 oppon5ts fully ju/ifi$ him 9 direct+ 8 mo/ sca?+ wit ^u !m4 ,! ,jesuits1 :om he *iefly la%$1 7 9 8 own "t ignom9i\sly expell$ by ne>ly e ,ca?olic ,p[] 9 ,europe1 & 7 suppress$ by ! ,pope4 ,! o!r cl]gy 7 deeply ta9t$ ) scepticism 9 ! cities1 & befogg$ ) d5se ignorance 9 ! prov9ces4 ,"o incid5t w suffice to ju/ify 8 disda94 ,8 late/ ,engli% biograph]1 ,s4 ,g4 ,tall5tyre1 :o is n biass$ 9 8 fav\r1 says t x is mo/ probable1 if n c]ta91 t :ile ! ,ca?olic au?orities 7 burn+ 8 books 9 ,p>is1 & %udd]+ at 8 infidelity1 !y 7 secretly tempt+ him1 ) ! prospect ( a c>d9al's hat1 to jo9 ! cl]gy4 ,x is c]ta9 t !y invit$ him to d religi\s "w1 & t1 at ! height ( 8 anti-cl]ical "w1 he receiv$ direct f ! ,pope c]ta9 relics to put 9 a *apel he _h built = 8 poor neighb\rs4 ,c\ld a pr9ce ( irony re/ra9 himself 9 su* circum/ances8 ,! o!r reason is ! "* ( ! dogmas & practices he assail$4 ,read !m 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,x is true t !re are passages 9 ,voltaire :i* none ( u w\ld1 if we c\ld1 write to-day4 ,! ta/e ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 /ill f\l$ by ! ,middle ,ages1 is n ! ta/e ( ! tw5tie?4 ,besides "s long] passages :i* h be5 omitt$ f ! ,treatise on ,tol]ation1 z w be expla9$1 a few l9es h be5 /ruck out or modifi$ "h & !re 9 "o or two ( ! works 9 ?is selection4 ,let me n be misund]/ood1 h[ev]4 ,!y are ma9ly words ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & comm5ts inspir$ only by ^? words1 t h be5 omitt$4 ,9 ! eighte5? c5tury "o c\ld quote & comm5t 9 public on ^! grossnesses4 ,inde$1 by "s s+ul> m5tal process1 :i* ,voltaire alone c\ld *>act]ise1 ! books conta9+ ^! crudely sexual passages are /ill ?ru/ into ! h&s ( *ildr5 & ( conf9$ crim9als by ! jo9t au?ority ( ,*ur* & ,/ate 9 ,engl&2 & grave bi%ops & g5tle wom5 say t !y are ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,& ?is br+s me to ! la/ po9t t ,i desire to t\* be=e ,i introduce1 "o by "o1 ! works conta9$ 9 ?is volume4 ,:y reproduce at all1 9 ! tw5tie? c5tury1 ^! fitt+ sc\rges ( ! sup]/itions ( ! eighte5?8 ,i h said t !y des]ve to be reproduc$ = _! hi/orical int]e/ & = ! great "p !y h play$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ,europe2 b !re is ano!r reason4 ,i h an idea t1 if ,voltaire 7 alive 9 ,engl& to-day1 he w\ld write ) m sca?+ irony ?an ev]4 ,i imag9e him gaz+ ) pr(\nd admiration at t m>vell\s picture ( ! pa/ :i* sci5ce & ar*ology h giv5 u1 & !n ask+ at :at date 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury we ceas$ to dispute ab\t consub/antiality & transub/antiation1 took ! gilt (f our ,old ,te/am5t1 & elevat$ our bi%ops to ! rank ( citiz5s4 ,i !n fancy him peep+ into ! f9e s*ools ( ,london or ,man*e/]1 & le>n+ t ! fir/ educational au?orities 9 ,engl& /ill set *ildr5 to le>n ab\t ,adam & ,eve1 ! ,deluge1 ! ,plagues ( ,egypt1 & ! rem>kable proce$+s ( ,jo%ua & ,david & ! re/4 ,i try to conceive him /udy+ ! faces ( le>n$ judges & pr(essors1 z !y li/5 gravely to ! read+ ( ! ,bible & ! cre$s 9 *ur* on ,sundays1 or rev]5tly h&le ! book 9 c\rt4 ,i picture 8 amazem5t z he le>ns t ?is ,engl&1 :i* he ?\ght s enlight5$1 /ill1 at ! dictation ( its bi%ops1 reta9s ! mo/ abom9able divorce law 9 ! civilis$ _w2 or he>s prea*]s & social /ud5ts s]i\sly express+ conc]n = ! future ( ,europe on acc\nt ( ! decay ( docility to ! cl]gy4 ,:at w\ld he h writt5 on su* a situation8 ,! satire ( ,voltaire is n out ( place 9 mod]n ,engl&4 ,z long z ! ,bible is1 h[ev] ins9c]ely1 press$ on u z ! ,^w ( ,god1 & reta9$ 9 our s*ools1 we are compell$ to po9t out 9 x features :i* make su* claims ludicr\s4 ,z long z ! cl]gy ma9ta9 t _! rule 9 ! pa/ 0 a b5efit to civilisation1 & !re=e its decay may be a m5ace to civilisation1 we are b\nd to tell ! ugly tru? 9 reg>d to ! pa/4 ,z long z educat$ m5 & wom5 among u pr(ess a belief 9 ! magic ( transub/antiation & auricul> confession & miracles1 & ! un$ucat$ are enc\rag$ to believe ^! ?+s lit]ally1 ! irony ( ,voltaire is legitimate4 ,*ri/ian bodies h1 ( late ye>s1 made repeat$ attempts to induce our lead]s ( culture to pr(ess ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,! issue has be5 to make x cle> t ! great majority ( our pr(essors1 di/+ui%$ writ]s1 & arti/s hold ei!r ! simple !ism ( ,voltaire or disc>d ev5 t4 ,! doctr9es attack$ "h by ,voltaire are :olly discr$it$4 ,yet !y are /ill ! (ficial tea*+ ( ! ,*ur*es 7except ( ! ,congregationali/s72 !y are l>gely en=c$ on innoc5t *ildr51 & !y are lit]ally accept$ by "s millions ( our p4 ,i see no reason to refra9 f lett+ ! irony ( ,voltaire fall on !m once m4 ,! read] mu/ n1 h[ev]1 conclude at once t ! foll[+ pages are s _m r$-hot *>ges into ! tott]+ ranks ( m$ival dogmas4 ,my aim has be5 to illu/rate ! v]satility ( ,voltaire's g5ius1 & to exhibit 8 own s9c]e cre$ no less ?an 8 mo/ p5etrat+ sc\rges ( :at mo/ educat$ m5 9 8 "t & ours reg>d z utt]ly antiquat$ delusions4 ,!re are pages "h t might receive a place ( hon\r 9 ! mo/ or?odox religi\s j\rnals ( ,engl&2 o!r pages 9 :i* ! irony is s subtle & ! temp] s polite t1 )\t ! t]rible "n1 !y w\ld puzzle _m a cl]gyman4 ,9 ! ,que/ions ( ,zapata1 h[ev]1 & 9 p>ts ( "o or two o!r essays1 ,i h giv5 specim5s ( ! ,voltaire :o 0 lik5$ to ,anti*ri/4 ,! selection op5s ) ! ,treatise on ,tol]ation1 :i* has a ma9ly hi/orical int]e/1 & illu/rates ! f9e/ side ( ,voltaire's "w & "*4 ,x %[s him z a pr(\nd humanit>ian1 putt+ aside1 9 8 sev5tie? ye>1 8 laught] & 8 com=t to take up ! cause ( an obscure suff]]1 & %ak+ ,france1 z ,zola did 9 our "t1 ) 8 d5unciation ( a judicial crime4 ,! /ory ( ! crime is told 9 ! essay itself2 b x is n told1 or 9 any way convey$1 t1 b = ! action ( ! ag$ rationali/1 n a s+le ef=t w\ld h be5 made to secure r$ress4 ,8 spl5did action on t & a few simil> occasions has be5 held by critical /ud5ts ( 8 c>e] to atone = all 8 errors4 ,_m ,prote/ants :o sc(f at 8,voltaire ! sc(f]0 may le>n ) surprise t 8 noble & impassion$ /ruggle e>n$ = !m ! "r to live 9 ,s\!rn ,france4 ,! treatise 0 publi%$ 9 #agfc4 ,i h omitt$ a numb] ( l5g?y & le>n$ notes & "o or two *apt]s :i* are incid5tal to ! argum5t & ( little int]e/ to-day4 ,! ?ree ,homilies--^? ,on ,sup]/ition1 ,on ! ,int]pretation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & ,on ! ,int]pretation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t--are select$ f five :i* ,voltaire wrote 9 #agfg1 ) ! lit]>y pret5ce t !y _h be5 deliv]$ be=e "s lib]al congregation at ,london 9 #agfe4 ,! second ( ^! ,homilies is "o ( ! mo/ effective indictm5ts ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 consid]$ z an inspir$ book4 ,n[h]e 9 rationali/ic lit]ature is !re an exposure ( ! ess5tial humanity ( ! ,old ,te/am5t s cond5s$ yet s flu5t1 s orig9al 9 =m1 compreh5sive 9 range1 & unansw]able 9 argum5t4 ,x 0 publi%$1 x is believ$1 9 #agfg1 ?\gh ! fir/ edition is m>k$ #agff4 ,its hum\r is malici\s f ! fir/ l9e1 z ! 8,dr4 ,tamponet0 ^: "n is put to x 0 really an or?odox *ampion ( ! ,sorbonne4 ,x is 9 ?is %ort diatribe t ,i h *iefly made ! modifications ( :i* ,i h spok54 ,x 0 ,voltaire's aim to %[ t ! co>s5ess ( _m passages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is q z inconsi/5t ) inspiration z its colossal inaccuracy & its *ildlike sup]/ition4 ,an ,engli% translation1 simil>ly modifi$1 ( ! ,que/ions ( ,zapata 0 made by an anonym\s lady1 & publi%$ by ,he!r+ton1 9 #ahdj4 ,9 ! pres5t translation "s ( ! p>agraphs are omitt$1 & ! numb]+ is !re=e alt]$4 ,! ,epi/le to ! ,romans1 ano!r specim5 ( ,voltaire's mo/ deadly polemic1 is a j & ma/]ly indictm5t ( ! papal sy/em4 ,x 0 issu$ 9 #agfh1 & v promptly put on ! ,index by ! outrag$ ,vatican4 ,b x p5etrat$ educat$ ,italy1 & _h no small %>e 9 ! enlight5m5t :i* has end$ 9 ! emancipation ( ! c\ntry4 ,! exquisite imitations ( s]mons :i* foll[ conta9 "s ( ,voltaire's mo/ insidi\s & delicate irony4 ,! ,s]mon ( ! ,fifty 0 writt5 & publi%$ 9 #agfb4 ,! volume closes ) ! fam\s poem :i* ,voltaire wrote1 9 ! ye> #agee1 :5 he he>d t an e>?quake _h de/roy$ betwe5 #cj1jjj & #dj1jjj p 9 ,portugal4 ,x 0 "o ( ! *ief fe/ivals ( ! ,ca?olic ye>1 ! ,fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts 7,novemb] #a71 & ! cr[d$ *ur*es 7 9 ! v act ( wor%ip1 :5 ! gr\nd %ook4 ,9 a few m9utes #af1jjj m51 wom51 & *ildr5 7 sla91 & z _m m p]i%$ 9 ! subsequ5t fires & horrors4 ,voltaire 0 at ,g5eva1 & ! horrible news ?rew him into ! deepe/ di/ress4 ,! poem into :i* he cond5s$ 8 pa9 & 8 d\bts is n a leisurely & poli%$ piece ( art4 ,x has te*nical defects1 & is unequal 9 inspiration4 ,%\ld we admire x if x 7 o!rwise8 ,b x is a f9e monum5t to 8 s9c]ity & j human passion1 & x conta9s "s phrases t became prov]bial & "s passages ( great beauty4 ,i h alt]$ ! /ructure ( ! v]se--! orig9al is 9 rhym$ hexamet]s--only 9 ord] t ,i c\ld m fai?fully convey to ^? :o read only ,engli% ! s5tim5ts &1 z f> z possible1 ! phras+ ( ,voltaire4 ,"o allusion t recurs ?r\gh\t ne$s "s explanation4 ,br[n+'s 8,all's "r ) ! _w0 0 a v famili> cry 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! ,engli% ,dei/s1 & ,j4 ,j4 ,r\sseau 9 ,france1 held ob/9ately to ?is mo/ s+ul> optimism4 ,al?\gh ,r\sseau made a feeble & fri5dly reply to ! poem1 x prov$ a deadly bl[ to 8 some:at fanta/ic tea*+ on t po9t4 ,imm$iately prec$+ ?is poem ,i h giv5 a translation ( ,voltaire's philosophical essay1 ,il faut *oisir4 ,?is 0 writt5 by him 9 #aggb1 six ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 & is ! mo/ succ9ct expression ( 8 mature religi\s views4 ,x is really direct$ aga9/ 8 a!i/ic fri5ds at ,p>is1 su* z d',holba*4 ,condorcet said ( x t x conta9$ ! mo/ p[]ful argum5tation = ! exi/5ce ( ,god t _h yet be5 advanc$4 ,its rem>kable lucidity & t]s5ess enable u to id5tify 8 views at once4 ,he did n believe 9 ! spirituality or immortality ( ! s\l1 b he _h an un%akable conviction ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god4 ,x is sometimes said t ! ,lisbon e>?quake %ook 8 !ism4 ,?is is inaccurate1 z a c>eful comp>ison ( ! two works w %[4 ,he nev] believ$ t ! supreme intellig5ce 0 inf9ite 9 p[]1 & ! haunt+ problem ( evil always made him hesitate to ascribe m ?an limit$ moral attributes to 8 deity4 ,8 "o unwav]+ dogma--x does n wav] = an in/ant 9 ! poem--is t ! _w 0 design$ by a supreme intellig5ce & is mov$ by a supreme p[]4 ,_h he liv$ "o hundr$ ye>s lat]1 :5 evolution began to ?r[ its magical illum9ation ^u ! ord] ( ! univ]se & ! wond]ful adaptation ( its p>ts1 8 position w\ld cle>ly h be5 modifi$4 ,z x 01 he1 ) con/ant s9c]ity1 av[$ t he c\ld n und]/& ! _w )\t a great ar*itect & a prime mov] ( all mov+ ?+s4 ,9 all 8 works ! ugli] features ( ! _w1 :i*1 unlike _m !i/s1 he /eadfa/ly confront$1 =bid him to add any o!r & w>m] attributes to ?is bleak intellig5ce & my/]i\s p[]4 ,j4 ,m4 ,octob]1 #aiaa4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,introduction iii ,,9 ,,connection ,,) ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,jean ,,calas #a ,,on ,,sup]/ition #hh ,,on ,,! ,,int]pretation ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t #ajb ,,on ,,! ,,int]pretation ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t #aah ,,epi/le ,,to ,,! ,,romans #abf ,,! ,,s]mon ,,( ,,! ,,fifty #afj ,,! ,,que/ions ,,( ,,zapata #ahc ,,we ,,mu/ ,,take ,,sides2 ,,or1 ,,! ,,pr9cipal ,,( ,,action #bjf ,,poem ,,on ,,! ,,lisbon ,,disa/] #bee ,on ,tol]ation ,9 ,connection ) ! ,dea? ( ,jean ,calas ,,%ort ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,jean ,,calas ,! murd] ( ,calas1 :i* 0 p]petrat$ ) ! sword ( ju/ice at ,t\l\se on ,m>* #i1 #agfb1 is "o ( ! mo/ s+ul> ev5ts t des]ve ! att5tion ( our own & ( lat] ages4 ,we quickly =get ! long li/ ( ! dead :o h p]i%$ 9 our battles4 ,x is ! inevitable fate ( w>2 ^? :o die by ! sword might !mselves h inflict$ dea? on _! enemies1 & did n die )\t ! means ( def5d+ !mselves4 ,:5 ! risk & ! advantage are equal a/oni%m5t ceases1 & ev5 pity is enfeebl$4 ,b :5 an innoc5t fa!r is giv5 into ! h&s ( error1 ( passion1 or ( fanaticism2 :5 ! accus$ has no def5ce b 8 virtue2 :5 ^? :o dispose ( 8 life run no risk b t ( mak+ a mi/ake2 :5 !y c slay ) impunity by a legal decree--!n ! voice ( ! g5]al public is he>d1 & ea* fe>s = himself4 ,!y see t no man's life is safe be=e a c\rt t has be5 set up to gu>d ! welf>e ( citiz5s1 & e voice is rais$ 9 a dem& ( v5geance4 ,9 ?is /range incid5t we h to deal ) religion1 suicide1 & p>ricide4 ,! "q 01 ,:e!r a fa!r & "m _h /rangl$ _! son to please ,god1 a bro!r _h /rangl$ 8 bro!r1 & a fri5d _h /rangl$ 8 fri5d2 or :e!r ! judges _h incurr$ ! reproa* ( break+ on ! :eel an innoc5t fa!r1 or ( sp>+ a guilty "m1 bro!r1 & fri5d4 ,jean ,calas1 a man ( sixty-eight ye>s1 _h be5 engag$ 9 comm]ce at ,t\l\se = m ?an =ty ye>s1 & 0 recognis$ by all :o knew him z a good fa!r4 ,he 0 a ,prote/ant1 z 7 also 8 wife & family1 except "o son1 :o _h abjur$ ! h]esy1 & 0 9 receipt ( a small all[ance f 8 fa!r4 ,he seem$ to be s f> remov$ f ! absurd fanaticism t breaks ! bonds ( society t he _h approv$ ! conv]sion ( 8 son ,l\is ,calas1 & _h _h 9 8 s]vice = ?irty ye>s a zeal\s ,ca?olic woman1 :o _h re>$ all 8 *ildr54 ,"o ( ! sons ( ,jean ,calas1 nam$ ,m>c ,anto9e1 0 a man ( lett]s4 ,he 0 reg>d$ z ( a re/less1 sombre1 & viol5t "*4 ,?is "y man1 fail+ to ent] ! comm]cial _w1 = :i* he 0 unfitt$1 or ! legal _w1 because he c\ld n obta9 ! necess>y c]tificate t he 0 a ,ca?olic1 det]m9$ to end 8 life1 & in=m$ a fri5d ( 8 int5tion4 ,he /r5g!n$ 8 resolution by read+ all t has ev] be5 writt5 on suicide4 ,hav+ "o day lo/ 8 money 9 gambl+1 he det]m9$ to c>ry out 8 plan on t v day4 ,a p]sonal fri5d & fri5d ( ! family1 nam$ ,lavaisse1 a "y man ( n9ete51 well kn[n = 8 c&id & k9dly ways1 ! son ( a di/+ui%$ lawy] at ,t\l\se1 _h come f ,bordeaux on ! previ\s day1 ,octob] #ab1 #agfa4 ,he happ5$ to sup ) ! ,calas family4 ,! fa!r1 "m1 ,m>c ,anto9e1 ! eld] son1 & ,pi]re1 ! second son1 7 pres5t4 ,aft] supp] !y )drew to a small room4 ,m>c ,anto9e disappe>$1 & :5 "y ,lavaisse 0 ready to g1 & he & ,pi]re ,calas _h gone d[n-/airs1 !y f\nd1 ne> ! %op bel[1 ,m>c ,anto9e 9 8 %irt1 hang+ f a door1 8 coat fold$ "u ! c\nt]4 ,8 %irt 0 unruffl$1 8 hair 0 neatly comb$1 & he _h no w\nd or m>k on ! body4 ,we w omit ! details :i* 7 giv5 9 c\rt1 & ! grief & despair ( 8 p>5ts2 _! cries 7 he>d by ! neighb\rs4 ,lavaisse & ,pi]re1 beside !mselves1 ran = surgeons & ! police4 ,:ile !y 7 do+ ?is1 & ! fa!r & "m sobb$ & wept1 ! p ( ,t\l\se ga!r$ r\nd ! h\se4 ,!y are sup]/iti\s & impulsive p2 !y reg>d z mon/]s _! bro!rs :o d n %>e _! religion4 ,x 0 at ,t\l\se t solemn ?anks 7 (f]$ to ,god = ! dea? ( ,h5ry ,,iii41 & t an oa? 0 tak5 to kill any man :o %\ld propose to recognise ! great & good ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,?is city /ill celebrates e ye>1 by a procession & fireworks1 ! day on :i* x massacr$ f\r ?\s& h]etical citiz5s two hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,six decrees ( ! ,c\ncil h be5 pass$ 9 va9 = ! suppression ( ?is odi\s fe/ival2 ! p ( ,t\l\se celebrate x /ill l a floral fe/ival4#b ,"s fanatic 9 ! cr[d cri$ out t ,jean ,calas _h hang$ 8 son ,m>c ,anto9e4 ,! cry 0 soon repeat$ on all sides2 "s add+ t ! deceas$ 0 to h abjur$ ,prote/antism on ! foll[+ day1 & t ! family & "y ,lavaisse _h /rangl$ him out ( hatr$ ( ! ,ca?olic religion4 ,9 a mom5t all d\bt _h disappe>$4 ,! :ole t[n 0 p]suad$ t x is a po9t ( religion ) ! ,prote/ants = a fa!r & "m to kill _! *ildr5 :5 !y wi% to *ange _! fai?4 ,! agitation c\ld n end "h4 ,x 0 imag9$ t ! ,prote/ants ( ,langu$oc _h held a meet+ ! night be=e2 t !y _h1 by a majority ( votes1 *os5 an execution] = ! sect2 t ! *oice _h fall5 on "y ,lavaisse2 & t1 9 ! space ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ! "y man _h receiv$ ! news ( 8 appo9tm5t1 & _h come f ,bordeaux to help ,jean ,calas1 8 wife1 & _! son ,pi]re to /rangle a fri5d1 son1 & bro!r4 ,! capta9 ( ,t\l\se1 ,david1 excit$ by ^! rum\rs & wi%+ to give effect to !m by a prompt execution1 took a /ep :i* is aga9/ ! laws & regulations4 ,he put ! ,calas family1 ! ,ca?olic s]vant1 & ,lavaisse 9 irons4 ,a report n less vici\s ?an 8 proc$ure 0 publi%$4 ,he ev5 w5t fur!r4 ,m>c ,anto9e ,calas _h di$ a ,calv9i/2 &1 if he _h tak5 8 own life1 8 body 0 suppos$ to be dragg$ on a hurdle4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 he 0 buri$ ) great pomp 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,/eph51 al?\gh ! prie/ prote/$ aga9/ ?is pr(anation4 ,!re are 9 ,langu$oc f\r confrat]nities ( p5it5ts--! :ite1 ! blue1 ! grey1 & ! black4 ,_! memb]s we> a long hood1 ) a clo? mask1 pi]c$ ) two holes = ! eyes4 ,!y endeav\r$ to induce ! ,duke ( ,fitz-,james1 ! gov]nor ( ! prov9ce1 to ent] _! ranks1 b he refus$4 ,! :ite p5it5ts held a solemn s]vice ov] ,m>c ,anto9e ,calas1 z ov] a m>tyr4 ,no *ur* ev] celebrat$ ! fea/ ( a m>tyr ) m pomp2 b x 0 a t]rible pomp4 ,!y _h rais$ above a magnific5t bi] a skeleton1 :i* 0 made to move its bones4 ,x repres5t$ ,m>c ,anto9e ,calas hold+ a palm 9 "o h&1 & 9 ! o!r ! p5 ) :i* he 0 to sign 8 abjuration ( h]esy4 ,?is p51 9-po9t ( fact1 sign$ ! dea?-s5t5ce ( 8 fa!r4 ,! only ?+ t rema9$ = ! poor devil :o _h tak5 8 life 0 canonisation4 ,ev]ybody reg>d$ him z a sa9t2 "s invok$ him1 o!rs w5t to pray at 8 tomb1 o!rs s\ght miracles ( him1 & o!rs1 aga91 relat$ ! miracles he _h wr\ght4 ,a monk extract$ "s ( 8 tee?1 to h p]man5t relics ( him4 ,a pi\s woman1 :o 0 r deaf1 told h[ %e he>d ! s\nd ( bells4 ,an apoplectic prie/ 0 cur$1 aft] tak+ an emetic4 ,legal decl>ations ( ^! prodigies 7 drawn up4 ,! writ] ( ?is acc\nt has 9 8 possession ! atte/ation t a "y man ( ,t\l\se w5t mad because he _h pray$ = sev]al nights at ! tomb ( ! new sa9t1 & c\ld n obta9 ! miracle he s\ght4 ,"s ( ! magi/rates belong$ to ! confrat]nity ( :ite p5it5ts4 ,f t mom5t ! dea? ( ,jean ,calas seem$ inevitable4 ,:at contribut$ mo/ to 8 fate 0 ! approa* ( t s+ul> fe/ival :i* ! p ( ,t\l\se hold e ye> 9 memory ( ! massacre ( f\r ?\s& ,hugu5ots4 ,! ye> #agfb 0 ! bic5t5>y ( ! ev5t4 ,! city 0 decorat$ ) all ! trapp+s ( ! c]emony1 & ! heat$ imag9ation ( ! p 0 /ill fur!r excit$4 ,x 0 /at$ publicly t ! scaffold on :i* ! ,calas 7 to be execut$ w\ld be ! *ief ornam5t ( ! fe/ival2 x 0 said t ,provid5ce itself provid$ ^! victims = sacrifice 9 hon\r ( our holy religion4 ,a score ( p he>d ^!1 & ev5 m viol5t ?+s4 ,& ?is 9 our days--9 an age :5 philosophy has made s mu* progress1 & a hundr$ academies are writ+ = ! improvem5t ( our morals6 ,x w\ld seem t fanaticism is angry at ! success ( reason1 & combats x m furi\sly4 ,?irte5 judges met daily to br+ ! trial to a close4 ,!re 0 n1 & c\ld n be1 any evid5ce aga9/ ! family2 b a delud$ religion took ! place ( pro(4 ,six ( ! judges long p]si/$ 9 condemn+ ,jean ,calas1 8 son1 & ,lavaisse to ! :eel1 & ! wife ( ,jean ,calas to ! /ake4 ,! o!r sev51 m mod]ate1 wi%$ at lea/ to make an inquiry4 ,! discussions 7 long & frequ5t4 ,"o ( ! judges1 conv9c$ t ! accus$ 7 innoc5t & ! crime 0 impossible1 spoke /rongly on _! behalf4 ,he oppos$ a zeal = humanity to ! zeal = sev]ity1 & became ! public plead] = ! ,calas 9 ,t\l\se1 :]e ! incessant cries ( outrag$ religion dem&$ ! blood ( ! accus$4 ,ano!r judge1 kn[n = 8 viol5t temp]1 spoke aga9/ ! ,calas ) ! same _s4 ,at la/1 amid great excitem5t1 !y bo? ?rew up ! case & retir$ to ! c\ntry4 ,b by a s+ul> mis=tune ! judge :o 0 fav\rable to ! ,calas _h ! delicacy to p]si/ 9 8 resignation1 & ! o!r return$ to condemn ^? :om he c\ld n judge4 ,8 voice x 0 t drew up ! condemnation to ! :eel4 ,!re 7 n[ eight votes to five1 z "o ( ! six oppos+ judges _h pass$ to ! m sev]e p>ty aft] consid]able discussion4 ,x seems t 9 a case ( p>ricide1 :5 a fa!r is to be condemn$ to ! mo/ frightful dea?1 ! v]dict ought to be unanim\s1 z ! evid5ce = s r>e a crime ought to be su* z to conv9ce ev]ybody4#c ,! slighte/ d\bt 9 su* a case %\ld intimidate a judge :o is to sign ! dea?-s5t5ce4 ,! weakness ( our reason & its inadequacy are %[n daily2 & :at great] pro( ( x c we h ?an :5 we f9d a citiz5 condemn$ to ! :eel by a majority ( "o vote8 ,9 anci5t ,a!ns !re _h to be fifty votes above ! half to secure a s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,x %[s u1 mo/ unpr(itably1 t ! ,greeks 7 wis] & m humane ?an we4 ,x seem$ impossible t ,jean ,calas1 an old man ( sixty-eight ye>s1 ^: limbs _h long be5 swoll5 & weak1 _h be5 able to /rangle & hang a "y man 9 8 tw5ty-eigh? ye>1 above ! av]age 9 /r5g?4 ,x seem$ c]ta9 t he mu/ h be5 assi/$ 9 ! murd] by 8 wife1 8 son ,pi]re1 ,lavaisse1 & ! s]vant4 ,!y _h n left ea* o!r's company = an in/ant on ! ev5+ ( ! fatal ev5t4 ,b ?is supposition 0 j z absurd z ! o!r4 ,h[ c\ld a zeal\s ,ca?olic s]vant all[ ,hugu5ots to kill a "y man1 re>$ by h]self1 to puni% him = embrac+ h] own religion8 ,h[ c\ld ,lavaisse h come expressly f ,bordeaux to /rangle 8 fri5d1 ^: conv]sion 0 unkn[n to him8 ,h[ c\ld a t5d] "m lay h&s on h] son8 ,h[ c\ld ! :ole ( !m toge!r /rangle a "y man :o 0 /rong] ?an all ( !m )\t a long & viol5t /ruggle1 )\t cries t w\ld h ar\s$ ! neighb\rs1 )\t repeat$ bl[s & torn g>m5ts8 ,x 0 evid5t t1 if !re _h be5 any crime1 all ! accus$ 7 equally guilty1 z !y _h nev] left ea* o!r = a mom5t2 x 0 evid5t t !y 7 n all guilty2 & x 0 evid5t t ! fa!r alone c\ld n h done x4 ,nev]!less1 ! fa!r alone 0 condemn$ to ! :eel4 ,! reason ( ! s5t5ce 0 z inconceivable z all ! re/4 ,! judges1 :o 7 b5t on execut+ ,jean ,calas1 p]suad$ ! o!rs t ! weak old man c\ld n endure ! torture1 & w\ld on ! scaffold confess 8 crime & accuse 8 accomplices4 ,!y 7 conf\nd$ :5 ! old man1 expir+ on ! :eel1 pray$ ,god to witness 8 innoc5ce1 & begg$ him to p>don 8 judges4 ,!y 7 compell$ to pass a second s5t5ce 9 contradiction ( ! fir/1 & to set free ! "m1 ! son ,pi]re1 ! "y ,lavaisse1 & ! s]vant2 b "o ( ! c\ncillors po9t+ out t ?is v]dict gave ! lie to ! o!r1 t !y 7 condemn+ !mselves1 & t1 z ! accus$ 7 all toge!r at ! suppos$ h\r ( ! crime1 ! acquittal ( ! survivors necess>ily prov$ ! innoc5ce ( ! dead fa!r1 !y decid$ to bani% ,pi]re ,calas4 ,?is bani%m5t seem$ z illogical & absurd z all ! re/4 ,pi]re ,calas 0 ei!r guilty or innoc5t4 ,if he 0 guilty1 he %\ld be brok5 on ! :eel l 8 fa!r2 if he 0 innoc5t1 !y _h no "r to bani% him4 ,h[ev]1 ! judges1 t]rifi$ by ! execution ( ! fa!r & ! t\*+ piety ( 8 end1 ?\ght !y 7 sav+ _! hon\r by affect+ to p>don ! son1 z if x 7 n a fre% prev>ication to p>don him2 & !y ?\ght t ! bani%m5t ( ?is poor & helpless "y man 0 n a great inju/ice aft] t !y _h already committ$4 ,!y began ) ?reat5+ ,pi]re ,calas1 9 8 dungeon1 t he w\ld suff] l 8 fa!r if he did n r5\nce 8 religion4 ,! "y man atte/s ?is on oa?3 8,a ,dom9ican monk came to my cell & ?reat5$ me ) ! same k9d ( dea? if ,i did n give up my religion40 ,pi]re ,calas1 on leav+ ! city1 met a prie/1 :o compell$ him to return to ,t\l\se4 ,!y conf9$ him 9 a ,dom9ican conv5t1 & =c$ him to p]=m ,ca?olic functions4 ,x 0 "p ( :at !y want$4 ,x 0 ! price ( 8 fa!r's blood1 & religion seem$ to be av5g$4 ,! daught]s 7 tak5 f ! "m & put 9 a conv5t4 ,! "m1 almo/ spr9kl$ ) ! blood ( h] husb&1 h] elde/ son dead1 ! y\ng] bani%$1 depriv$ ( h] daught]s & all h] prop]ty1 0 alone 9 ! _w1 )\t bread1 )\t hope1 dy+ ( ! intol]able mis]y4 ,c]ta9 p]sons1 hav+ c>efully exam9$ ! circum/ances ( ?is horrible adv5ture1 7 s impress$ t !y urg$ ! wid[1 :o _h retir$ into solitude1 to g & dem& ju/ice at ! feet ( ! ?rone4#d ,at ! "t %e %rank f publicity2 moreov]1 be+ ,engli% by bir?1 & hav+ be5 transplant$ into a ,fr5* prov9ce 9 e>ly y\?1 ! "n ( ,p>is t]rifi$ h]4 ,%e imag9$ t ! capital ( ! k+dom w\ld be /ill m b>b>ic ?an ! capital ( ,langu$oc4 ,at l5g? ! duty ( cle>+ ! memory ( h] husb& prevail$ ov] h] weakness4 ,%e rea*$ ,p>is almo/ at ! po9t ( dea?4 ,%e 0 a/oni%$ at h] reception1 at ! help & ! te>s t 7 giv5 to h]4#e ,at ,p>is reason dom9ates fanaticism1 h[ev] p[]ful x be2 9 ! prov9ces fanaticism almo/ always ov]comes reason4 ,m4 de ,beaumont1 ! fam\s advocate ( ! ,p>lem5t de ,p>is1 und]took to def5d h]1 & drew up a memorial sign$ by fifte5 o!r advocates4 ,m4 ,loiseau1 n less eloqu5t1 drew up a memoir on behalf ( ! family4 ,m4 ,m>iette1 an advocate ( ! ,c\ncil1 drew up a judicial inquiry :i* br\ght conviction to e m9d4 ,^! ?ree g5]\s def5d]s ( ! laws ( innoc5ce gave to ! wid[ ! pr(it on ! sale ( _! memoirs4 ,p>is & ! :ole ( ,europe 7 mov$ ) pity1 & dem&$ ju/ice = ! un=tunate woman4 ,! v]dict 0 giv5 by ! public long be=e x 0 sign$ by ! ,c\ncil4 ,! _s ( pity p5etrat$ ! m9i/ry1 9 spite ( ! torr5t ( bus9ess t s (t5 %uts out pity1 & 9 spite ( t daily sight ( mis]y t does ev5 m to h>d5 ! he>t4 ,! daught]s 7 re/or$ to _! "m4 ,z !y sat1 clo!d 9 crape & ba!d 9 te>s1 _! judges 7 se5 to weep4 ,!y _h /ill enemies1 h[ev]1 = x 0 a "q ( religion4 ,_m ( ^? p :o are kn[n 9 ,france z 8dev\t0#f said op5ly t x 0 mu* bett] to let an innoc5t old ,calv9i/ be sla9 ?an to compel eight ,c\ncillors ( ,langu$oc to admit t !y 7 wrong4 ,"o ev5 he>d su* phrases z 8,!re are m magi/rates ?an ,calas02 & x 0 inf]r$ t ! ,calas family ought to be sacrific$ to ! hon\r ( ! magi/rates4 ,!y did n reflect t ! hon\r ( judges1 l t ( o!r m51 consi/s 9 repair+ _! blund]s4 ,x is n believ$ 9 ,france t ! ,pope is infallible1 ev5 ) ! assi/ance ( 8 c>d9als#g2 we might j z well admit t eight judges ( ,t\l\se are n4 ,all o!r p1 m reasonable & dis9t]e/$1 said t ! ,t\l\se v]dict w\ld be rev]s$ all ov] ,europe1 ev5 if special consid]ations prev5t$ x f be+ rev]s$ by ! ,c\ncil4 ,su* 0 ! position ( ?is a/oni%+ adv5ture :5 x mov$ c]ta9 imp>tial & reasonable p]sons to submit to ! public a few reflections on ! subject ( tol]ation1 indulg5ce1 & pity1 :i* ! ,abb ,h\teville calls 8a mon/r\s dogma10 9 8 g>bl$ v]sion ( ! facts1 & :i* reason calls an 8appanage ( nature40 ,ei!r ! judges ( ,t\l\se1 swept away by ! fanaticism ( ! p1 h brok5 on ! :eel an innoc5t man1 :i* is unprec$5t$2 or ! fa!r & 8 wife /rangl$ _! eld] son1 ) ! assi/ance ( ano!r son & a fri5d1 :i* is unnatural4 ,9 ei!r case ! abuse ( religion has l$ to a great crime4 ,x is1 !re=e1 ( int]e/ to ! race to inquire :e!r religion ought to be *>itable or b>b>ic4 ,,consequ5ces ,,( ,,! ,,execution ,,( ,,jean ,,calas ,if ! :ite p5it5ts 7 ! cause ( ! execution ( an innoc5t man1 ! utt] ru9 ( a family1 & ! disp]sal & humiliation t atta* to an execution1 ?\gh !y %\ld puni% only inju/ice2 if ! ha/e ( ! :ite p5it5ts to commemorate z a sa9t "o :o1 accord+ to our b>b>ic cu/oms1 %\ld h be5 dragg$ on a hurdle1 l$ to ! execution ( a virtu\s p>5t2 !y ought inde$ to be p5it5ts = ! re/ ( _! lives4 ,!y & ! judges %\ld weep1 b n 9 a long :ite robe1 & ) no mask to hide _! te>s4 ,we respect all confrat]nities2 !y are edify+4 ,b c :atev] good !y may d ! ,/ate outweigh ?is appall+ evil t !y h done8 ,x seems t !y h be5 e/abli%$ by ! zeal :i* 9 ,langu$oc fires ! ,ca?olics aga9/ ^? :om we call ,hugu5ots4 ,"o w\ld say t !y _h tak5 v[s to hate _! bro!rs2 = we h religion en\gh left to hate & to p]secute1 & we h en\gh to love & to help4 ,:at w\ld happ5 if ^! confrat]nities 7 controll$ by en?usia/s1 z 7 once c]ta9 congregations ( artisans & 8g5tlem510 among :om1 z "o ( our mo/ eloqu5t & le>n$ magi/rates said1 ! see+ ( visions 0 r$uc$ to a f9e art8 ,:at w\ld happ5 if ^! confrat]nities set up aga9 ^? d>k *amb]s1 call$ 8m$itation rooms10 on :i* 7 pa9t$ devils arm$ ) horns & claws1 gulfs ( flame1 crosses & dagg]s1 ) ! holy "n ( ,jesus surm\nt+ ! picture8#h ,:at a spectacle = eyes t are already fasc9at$1 & imag9ations t are z inflam$ z !y are submissive to _! confessors6 ,!re h be5 times :51 z we "k only too well1 confrat]nities 7 dang]\s4 ,! ,fratelli & ! ,flagellants gave tr\ble en\gh4 ,! ,league#i began ) associations ( t k9d4 ,:y %\ld !y di/+ui% !mselves ?us f o!r citiz5s8 ,did !y ?9k !mselves m p]fect8 ,! v claim is an insult to ! re/ ( ! nation4 ,did !y wi% all ,*ri/ians to ent] _! confrat]nity8 ,:at a sight x w\ld be to h all ,europe 9 hoods & masks1 ) two little r\nd holes 9 front ( ! eyes6 ,d !y s]i\sly ?9k t ,god pref]s ?is co/ume to t ( ord9>y folk8 ,fur!r1 ?is g>m5t is ! uni=m ( controv]siali/s1 w>n+ _! oppon5ts to get to arms4 ,x may excite a k9d ( civil w> ( m9ds1 & w\ld p]haps end 9 fatal excesses1 unless ! k+ & 8 m9i/]s 7 z wise z ! fanatics 7 dem5t$4 ,we "k well :at ! price has be5 ev] s9ce ,*ri/ians began to dispute ab\t dogmas4 ,blood has fl[$1 on scaffolds & 9 battles1 f ! f\r? c5tury to our own days4#aj ,we w re/rict ourselves "h to ! w>s & horrors :i* ! ,re=mation /ruggle caus$1 & see :at 0 ! s\rce ( !m 9 ,france4 ,possibly a %ort & fai?ful acc\nt ( ^? calamities w op5 ! eyes ( ! un9=m$ & t\* ! he>ts ( ! humane4 ,,! ,,idea ,,( ,,! ,,re=mation ,:5 enlight5m5t spread1 ) ! r5aissance ( lett]s 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 !re 0 a v g5]al compla9t ( abuses1 & ev]ybody agrees t ! compla9t 0 j4 ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi4 _h op5ly b\ght ! papal ti>a1 & 8 five ba/>ds %>$ its advantages4 ,8 son1 ! c>d9al-duke ( ,borgia1 made an end1 9 conc]t ) 8 fa!r1 ( ,vitelli1 ,urb9o1 ,grav9a1 ,oliv]etto1 & a hundr$ o!r nobles1 9 ord] to seize _! l&s4 ,julius ,,ii41 animat$ by ! same _s1 excommunicat$ ,l\is ,,xii4 & gave 8 k+dom to ! fir/ occupant2 :ile he himself1 helmet on head & cuirass on back1 spread blood & fire ov] "p ( ,italy4 ,leo ,x41 to pay = 8 pleasures1 sold indulg5ces1 z ! taxes are sold 9 ! op5 m>ket4 ,!y :o revolt$ aga9/ ?is brig&age 71 at lea/1 n wrong f ! moral po9t ( view4 ,let u see if !y 7 wrong 9 politics4 ,!y said t1 s9ce ,jesus ,*ri/ _h nev] exact$ fees1 nor sold disp5sations = ?is _w or indulg5ces = ! next1 "o might refuse to pay a =eign pr9ce ! price ( ^! ?+s4 ,suppos+ t our fees to ,rome & ! disp5sations :i* we /ill buy#aa did n co/ u m ?an five hundr$ ?\s& francs a ye>1 x is cle> t1 s9ce ! "t ( ,francis ,i41 we %\ld h paid1 9 two hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 a hundr$ & tw5ty million francs2 all[+ = ! *ange ( value 9 money1 we may say ab\t two hundr$ & fifty millions #aj1jjj1jjj4 ,"o may1 !re=e1 )\t blasphemy1 admit t ! h]etics1 9 propos+ to aboli% ^! s+ul> taxes1 :i* w a/oni% a lat] age1 did n d a v grave wrong to ! k+dom1 & t !y 7 r good f9anci]s ?an bad subjects4 ,let u add t !y alone knew ,greek1 & 7 acqua9t$ ) antiquity4 ,let u grant t1 9 spite ( _! errors1 we owe to !m ! developm5t ( ! human m9d1 s long buri$ 9 ! d5se/ b>b>ism4 ,b1 z !y d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( ,purgatory1 :i* x is n p]mitt$ to d\bt1 & :i* br\ght a consid]able income to ! monks2 & z !y did n v5]ate relics1 :i* ought to be v5]at$1 & :i* are a s\rce ( ev5 great] pr(it--9 f9e1 z !y assail$ mu*-respect$ dogmas1 ! only answ] to !m at fir/ 0 to burn !m4 ,! k+1 :o protect$ & subsidis$ !m 9 ,g]many1 walk$ at ! head ( a procession 9 ,p>is1 & at ! close a numb] ( ! wret*es 7 execut$4 ,?is 0 ! mann] ( execution4 ,!y 7 hung at ! end ( a long beam1 :i* 0 balanc$1 l a see-saw1 across a tree4 ,a big fire 0 lit und]nea?1 & !y 7 alt]nately sunk into x & rais$ out4 ,_! torm5ts 7 ?us protract$1 until dea? reliev$ !m f a m hide\s puni%m5t ?an any b>b>ian _h ev] inv5t$4 ,%ortly be=e ! dea? ( ,francis ,i4 c]ta9 memb]s ( ! ,p>lem5t de ,prov5ce1 in/igat$ by _! cl]gy aga9/ ! inhabitants ( ,m]9dol & ,cabrires1 ask$ ! k+ = troops to support ! execution ( n9ete5 p]sons ( ! di/rict :om !y _h condemn$4 ,!y _h six ?\s& sla91 )\t reg>d to sex or age or infancy1 & !y r$uc$ ?irty t[ns to a%es4 ,^! p1 :o _h n hi!rto be5 he>d (1 71 no d\bt1 9 ! wrong to h be5 born ,wald5sians2 b t 0 _! only crime4 ,!y _h be5 settl$ = ?ree hundr$ ye>s 9 ! des]ts & on ! m\nta9s1 :i* !y _h1 ) incr$ible lab\r1 made f]tile4 ,_! quiet1 pa/oral life repres5t$ ! suppos$ innoc5ce ( ! fir/ ages ( m54 ,!y knew ! neighb\r+ t[ns only by sell+ fruit to !m4 ,!y _h no law-c\rts & nev] w>r$2 !y did n def5d !mselves4 ,!y 7 sla9 z "o slays animals 9 an enclosure4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,francis ,i4--a pr9ce :o is bett] kn[n = 8 am\rs & mis=tunes ?an 8 cruelty--! execution ( a ?\s& h]etics1 especially ( ! ,c\ncillor ( ! ,p>lem5t1 ,dub\rg1 & ! massacre ( ,vassy1 caus$ ! p]secut$ sect to take to arms4 ,!y _h increas$ 9 ! light ( ! flames & "u ! sword ( ! execution]1 & sub/itut$ fury = pati5ce4 ,!y imitat$ ! cruelties ( _! enemies4 ,n9e civil w>s fill$ ,france ) c>nage2 & a peace m fatal ?an w> l$ to ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 :i* is )\t prec$5t 9 ! annals ( crime4 ,! ,ca?olic ,league assass9at$ ,h5ry ,,iii4 & ,h5ry ,,iv4 by ! h&s ( a ,dom9ican monk1 & ( a mon/] :o _h belong$ to ! ord] ( ,/4 ,b]n>d4 ,!re are ^? :o say t humanity1 indulg5ce1 & lib]ty ( consci5ce are horrible ?+s4 ,c&idly1 c\ld !y h br\ght ab\t calamities su* z ^!8 ,,:e!r ,,tol]ation ,,is ,,dang]\s1 ,,& ,,among ,,:at ,,peoples ,,x ,,is ,,f\nd ,!re are "s :o say t1 if we treat$ ) pat]nal indulg5ce ^? err+ bre?r5 :o pray to ,god 9 bad ,fr5* in/ead ( bad ,lat91 we %\ld be putt+ weapons 9 _! h&s1 & w\ld once m witness ! battles ( ,j>nac1 ,moncont\r1 ,c\tras1 ,dreux1 & ,/4 ,d5is4 ,i d n "k any?+ ab\t ?is1 z ,i am n a prophet2 b x seems to me an illogical piece ( reason+ to say3 8,^! m5 rebell$ :5 ,i treat$ !m ill1 !re=e !y w rebel :5 ,i treat !m well40 ,i w\ld v5ture to take ! lib]ty to invite ^? :o are at ! head ( ! gov]nm5t1 & ^? :o are de/9$ = high positions1 to reflect c>efully :e!r "o really has gr\nd to fe> t k9dness w lead to ! same revolts z cruelty2 :e!r :at happ5$ 9 c]ta9 circum/ances is sure to happ5 9 diff]5t circum/ances2 if ! times1 public op9ion1 & morals are un*ang$4 ,! ,hugu5ots1 x is true1 h be5 z inebriat$ ) fanaticism & /a9$ ) blood z we4 ,b are ?is g5]ation z b>b>ic z _! fa!rs8 ,h n "t1 ! progress ( reason1 good books1 & ! humanis+ influ5ce ( society _h an effect on ! lead]s ( ^! p8 ,& d we n p]ceive t ! aspect ( ne>ly ! :ole ( ,europe has be5 *ang$ )9 ! la/ fifty ye>s8 ,gov]nm5t is /rong] ev]y:]e1 & morals h improv$4 ,! ord9>y police1 support$ by num]\s /&+ armies1 gives u "s security aga9/ a return to t age ( an>*y 9 :i* ,calv9i/ic peasants f\ght ,ca?olic peasants1 ha/ily enroll$ betwe5 ! s[+ & ! h>ve/4 ,diff]5t times h diff]5t ne$s4 ,x w\ld be absurd to decimate ! ,sorbonne to-day because x once pres5t$ a dem& = ! burn+ ( ! ,maid ( ,orleans1 decl>$ t ,h5ry ,,iii4 _h =feit$ 8 k+dom1 excommunicat$ him1 & proscrib$ ! great ,h5ry ,,iv4 ,we w n ?9k ( inquir+ into ! o!r bodies 9 ! k+dom :o committ$ ! same excesses 9 ^? fr5zi$ days4 ,x w\ld n only be unju/1 b w\ld be z /upid z to purge all ! inhabitants ( ,m>seilles because !y _h ! plague 9 #agbj4 ,%all we g & sack ,rome1 z ! troops ( ,*>les ,v4 did1 because ,sixtus ,v4 9 #aehe grant$ an indulg5ce ( n9e ye>s to all ,fr5*m5 :o w\ld take up arms aga9/ _! sov]eign8 ,is x n en\gh to prev5t ,rome = ev] f rev]t+ to su* excesses8 ,! rage t is inspir$ by ! dogmatic _s & ! abuse ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 wrongly conceiv$1 has %$ z mu* blood & l$ to z _m disa/]s 9 ,g]many1 ,engl&1 & ev5 ,holl&1 z 9 ,france4 ,yet religi\s diff]5ce causes no tr\ble to-day 9 ^? ,/ates4 ,! ,jew1 ! ,ca?olic1 ! ,greek1 ! ,lu!ran1 ! ,calv9i/1 ! ,anabapti/1 ! ,soc9ian1 ! ,memnoni/1 ! ,moravian1 & s _m o!rs1 live l bro!rs 9 ^! c\ntries1 & contribute alike to ! good ( ! social body4 ,!y fe> no long] 9 ,holl& t disputes ab\t pr$e/9ation w end 9 heads be+ cut (f4 ,!y fe> no long] at ,london t ! qu>rels ( ,presbyt]ians & ,episcopalians ab\t liturgies & surplices w lead to ! dea? ( a k+ on ! scaffold4 ,a popul\s & weal?i] ,irel& w no long] see its ,ca?olic citiz5s sacrifice its ,prote/ant citiz5s to ,god dur+ two mon?s1 bury !m alive1 hang _! mo!rs to gibbets1 tie ! girls to ! necks ( _! mo!rs1 & see !m expire toge!r2 or put swords 9 ! h&s ( _! prison]s & guide _! h&s to ! bosoms ( _! wives1 _! fa!rs1 _! mo!rs1 & _! daught]s1 ?9k+ to make p>ricides ( !m1 & damn !m z well z ext]m9ate !m4#ab ,su* is ! acc\nt giv5 by ,rap9 ,?oyras1 an (fic] 9 ,irel&1 & almo/ a contempor>y2 s we f9d 9 all ! annals & hi/ories ( ,engl&4 ,x w nev] be repeat$4 ,philosophy1 ! si/] ( religion1 has dis>m$ ! h&s t sup]/ition _h s long /a9$ ) blood2 & ! human m9d1 awak5+ f its intoxication1 is amaz$ at ! excesses into :i* fanaticism _h l$ x4 ,we h 9 ,france a ri* prov9ce 9 :i* ! ,lu!rans outnumb] ! ,ca?olics4 ,! ,univ]sity ( ,alsace is 9 ! h&s ( ! ,lu!rans4 ,!y occupy "s ( ! municipal (fices2 yet n ! lea/ religi\s qu>rel has di/urb$ ?is prov9ce s9ce x came into ! possession ( our k+s4 ,:y8 ,because no "o has ev] be5 p]secut$ 9 x4 ,seek n to vex ! he>ts ( m51 & !y are y\rs4 ,i d n say t all :o are n ( ! same religion z ! pr9ce %\ld %>e ! positions & hon\rs ( ^? :o foll[ ! dom9ant religion4 ,9 ,engl& ! ,ca?olics1 :o are reg>d$ z atta*$ to ! p>ty ( ! ,pret5d]1 are n admitt$ to (fice4 ,!y ev5 pay d\ble taxes4 ,9 o!r respects1 h[ev]1 !y h all ! rights ( citiz5s4 ,"s ( ! ,fr5* bi%ops h be5 suspect$ ( hold+ t x r$\nds nei!r to _! hon\r nor _! pr(it to h ,calv9i/s 9 _! dioceses4 ,?is is said to be "o ( ! greate/ ob/acles to tol]ation4 ,i _c believe x4 ,! episcopal body 9 ,france is compos$ ( g5tlem51 :o ?9k & act ) ! nobility t befits _! bir?4 ,!y are *>itable & g5]\s2 s mu* ju/ice mu/ be done !m4 ,!y mu/ ?9k t _! fugitive subjects w assur$ly n be conv]t$ 9 =eign c\ntries1 & t1 :5 !y return to _! pa/ors1 !y may be enlight5$ by _! in/ructions & t\*$ by _! example4 ,!re w\ld be hon\r 9 conv]t+ !m1 & _! mat]ial int]e/s w\ld n suff]4 ,! m citiz5s !re 71 ! l>g] w\ld be ! income f ! prelate's e/ates4 ,a ,poli% bi%op _h an ,anabapti/ = f>m] & a ,soc9ian = /ew>d4 ,x 0 sugge/$ t he ought to dis*>ge & prosecute ! latt] because he did n believe 9 consub/antiality1 & ! =m] because he did n baptise 8 *ild until x 0 fifte5 ye>s old4 ,he repli$ t !y w\ld be damn$ = ev] 9 ! next _w1 b t !y 7 v useful to him 9 ?is4 ,let u get out ( our grooves & /udy ! re/ ( ! globe4 ,! ,sultan gov]ns 9 peace tw5ty million p ( diff]5t religions2 two hundr$ ?\s& ,greeks live 9 security at ,con/ant9ople2 ! muphti himself nom9ates & pres5ts to ! emp]or ! ,greek patri>*1 & !y also admit a ,lat9 patri>*4 ,! ,sultan nom9ates ,lat9 bi%ops = "s ( ! ,greek isl&s1 us+ ! foll[+ =mula3 8,i comm& him to g & reside z bi%op 9 ! isl& ( ,*ios1 accord+ to _! anci5t usage & _! va9 c]emonies40 ,! empire is full ( ,jacobites1 ,ne/orians1 & ,mono!lites2 x conta9s ,copts1 ,*ri/ians ( ,/4 ,john1 ,jews1 & ,h9doos4 ,! annals ( ,turkey d n record any revolt in/igat$ by any ( ^! religions4 ,g to ,india1 ,p]sia1 or ,t>t>y1 & y w f9d ! same tol]ation & tranquillity4 ,pet] ! ,great patronis$ all ! cults 9 8 va/ empire4 ,comm]ce & agriculture pr(it$ by x1 & ! body politic nev] suff]$ f x4 ,! gov]nm5t ( ,*9a has n1 dur+ ! f\r ?\s& ye>s ( its kn[n hi/ory1 _h any cult b ! simple wor%ip ( "o ,god4 ,nev]!less1 x tol]ates ! sup]/itions ( ,fo1 & p]mits a l>ge numb] ( bronzes1 :o w\ld be dang]\s if ! prud5ce ( ! c\rts did n re/ra9 !m4 ,x is true t ! great ,emp]or ,yang-,*91 p]haps ! wise/ & mo/ magnanim\s emp]or t ,*9a ev] _h1 expell$ ! ,jesuits4 ,b x 0 n because he 0 intol]ant2 x 0 because ! ,jesuits 74 ,!y !mselves give1 9 _! curi\s lett]s1 ! words ( ! good pr9ce to !m3 8,i "k t y\r religion is intol]ant2 ,i "k :at y h done 9 ,manila & ,japan4 ,y deceiv$ my fa!r2 ?9k n to deceive me40 ,if y read ! :ole ( 8 spee* to !m1 y w see t he 0 "o ( ! wise/ & mo/ clem5t ( m54 ,h[ c\ld he reta9 ,european physicians :o1 "u pret5ce ( %[+ !rmomet]s & olipiles at c\rt1 _h c>ri$ (f a pr9ce ( ! blood8 ,:at w\ld he h said if he _h read our hi/ory & 0 acqua9t$ ) ! days ( our ,league & ( ! ,gunp[d] ,plot8 ,x 0 en\gh = him to be in=m$ ( ! indec5t qu>rels ( ! ,jesuits1 ,dom9icans1 ,franciscans1 & secul> prie/s s5t into 8 ,/ate f ! ends ( ! e>?4 ,!y came to prea* ! tru?1 & fell to ana!matis+ ea* o!r4 ,h5ce ! emp]or 0 b\nd to expel ! =eign di/urb]s4 ,b h[ k9dly he dismiss$ !m6 ,:at pat]nal c>e did he n devote to _! j\rney1 & 9 ord] to protect !m f insult on ! way8 ,_! v bani%m5t 0 a lesson 9 tol]ation & humanity4 ,! ,japanese 7 ! mo/ tol]ant ( all m54 ,a doz5 peaceful religions ?rove 9 _! empire1 :5 ! ,jesuits came ) a ?irte5?4 ,z !y soon %[$ t !y w\ld tol]ate no o!r1 !re arose a civil w>1 ev5 m frightful ?an t ( ! ,league1 & ! l& 0 desolat$4 ,9 ! end ! ,*ri/ian religion 0 dr[n$ 9 blood2 ! ,japanese clos$ _! empire1 & reg>d$ u only z wild bea/s1 l ^? :i* ! ,engli% h cle>$ out ( _! isl&4 ,! m9i/] ,colb]t1 kn[+ h[ we ne$ ! ,japanese1 :o h no ne$ ( u1 tri$ 9 va9 to reop5 comm]ce ) _! empire4 ,he f\nd !m inflexible4 ,?us ! :ole ( our cont95t %[s u t we mu/ nei!r prea* nor practise intol]ance4 ,turn y\r eyes to ! o!r hemisph]e4 ,/udy ,c>ol9a1 ( :i* ! wise ,locke 0 ! legislator4 ,sev5 fa!rs ( families suffic$ to set up a public cult approv$ by ! law2 & ?is lib]ty gave rise to no disord]4 ,heav5 pres]ve u f quot+ ?is z an example = ,france to foll[6 ,we quote x only to %[ t ! greate/ excess ( tol]ation 0 n foll[$ by ! slighte/ diss5sion4 ,b :at is good & useful 9 a "y colony is n suitable = a long-e/abli%$ k+dom4 ,:at %all we say ( ! primitive p :o h be5 d]isively call$ ,quak]s1 b :o1 h[ev] ridicul\s _! cu/oms may be1 h be5 s virtu\s & giv5 s useful a lesson ( peace to o!r m58 ,!re are a hundr$ ?\s& ( !m 9 ,p5nsylvania4 ,discord & controv]sy are unkn[n 9 ! happy c\ntry !y h made = !mselves2 & ! v "n ( _! *ief t[n1 ,philadelphia1 :i* unceas+ly rem9ds !m t all m5 are bro!rs1 is an example & a %ame to nations t are yet ignorant ( tol]ation4 ,tol]ation1 9 f9e1 nev] l$ to civil w>2 intol]ance has cov]$ ! e>? ) c>nage4 ,*oose1 !n1 betwe5 ^! rivals--betwe5 ! "m :o w\ld h h] son sla9 & ! "m :o yields1 provid$ 8 life be sp>$4 ,i speak "h only ( ! int]e/ ( nations4 ,:ile respect+ !ology1 z ,i d1 ,i reg>d 9 ?is article only ! physical & moral well-be+ ( society4 ,i beg e imp>tial read] to weigh ^! tru?s1 v]ify !m1 & add to !m4 ,att5tive read]s1 :o re/ra9 n _! ?\ghts1 always g f>!r ?an ! au?or4 ,,h[ ,,tol]ation ,,may ,,be ,,admitt$ ,i v5ture to ?9k t "s enlight5$ & magnanim\s m9i/]1 "s humane & wise prelate1 "s pr9ce :o puts 8 int]e/ 9 ! numb] ( 8 subjects & 8 glory 9 _! welf>e1 may deign to glance at ?is in>ti/ic & defective pap]4 ,he w supply its defects & say to himself3 ,:at d ,i risk 9 see+ my l& cultivat$ & enri*$ by a l>g] numb] ( indu/ri\s work]s1 ! rev5ue increas$1 ! ,/ate m fl\ri%+8 ,g]many w\ld be a des]t /rewn ) ! bones ( ,ca?olics1 ,prote/ants1 & ,anabapti/s1 sla9 by ea* o!r1 if ! peace ( ,we/phalia _h n at l5g? br\ght fre$om ( consci5ce4 ,we h ,jews at ,bordeaux & ,metz & 9 ,alsace2 we h ,lu!rans1 ,mol9i/s1 & ,jans5i/s2 c we n suff] & control ,calv9i/s on mu* ! same t]ms z ^? on :i* ,ca?olics are tol]at$ at ,london8 ,! m sects !re are1 ! less dang] 9 ea*4 ,multiplicity enfeebles !m4 ,!y are all re/ra9$ by j laws :i* =bid disord]ly meet+s1 insults1 & s$ition1 & are ev] en=c$ by ! community4 ,we "k t _m fa!rs ( families1 :o h made l>ge =tunes 9 =eign l&s1 are ready to return to _! c\ntry4 ,!y ask only ! protection ( natural law1 ! validity ( _! m>riages1 security z to ! condition ( _! *ildr51 ! "r to inh]it f _! fa!rs1 & ! enfran*isem5t ( _! p]sons4 ,!y ask n = public *apels1 or ! "r to municipal (fices & dignities4 ,ca?olics h n ^! ?+s 9 ,engl& & o!r c\ntries4 ,x is n a "q ( giv+ imm5se privileges & secure positions to a faction1 b ( all[+ a peaceful p to live1 & ( mod]at+ ! laws once1 b no long]1 necess>y4 ,x is n our place to tell ! m9i/ry :at is to be done2 we d b ask consid]ation = ! un=tunate4 ,h[ _m ways !re are ( mak+ !m useful1 & prev5t+ !m f ev] be+ dang]\s6 ,! prud5ce ( ! m9i/ry & ! ,c\ncil1 support$ z x is by =ce1 w easily discov] ^! means1 :i* are already happily employ$ by o!r nations4 ,!re are /ill fanatics among ! ,calv9i/ic populace2 b x is c]ta9 t !re are f> m among ! convulsion>y bigot$ ,ca?olic populace4 ,! dregs ( ! fanatical wor%ipp]s ( ,/4 ,md>d c\nt z no?+ 9 ! nation2 ! dregs ( ! ,calv9i/ic prophets are annihilat$4 ,! great means to r$uce ! numb] ( fanatics1 if any rema91 is to submit t disease ( ! m9d to ! treatm5t ( reason1 :i* sl[ly1 b infallibly1 enlight5s m54 ,reason is g5tle & humane4 ,x inspires lib]ality1 suppresses discord1 & /r5g!ns virtue2 x has m p[] to make ob$i5ce to ! laws attractive ?an =ce has to compel x4 ,& %all we take no acc\nt ( ! ridicule t atta*es to-day to ! en?usiasm ( ^! good p8 ,ridicule is a /rong b>ri] to ! extravagance ( all sect>ians4 ,! pa/ is z if x _h nev] be54 ,we mu/ always />t f ! pres5t--f ! po9t :i* nations h already rea*$4 ,!re 0 a "t :5 x 0 ?\ght necess>y to issue decrees aga9/ ^? :o taught a doctr9e at v>iance ) ! categories ( ,ari/otle1 ! abhorr5ce ( a vacuum1 ! quiddities1 ! univ]sal ap>t f ! object4 ,we h 9 ,europe m ?an a hundr$ volumes ( jurisprud5ce on sorc]y & ! way to di/+ui% betwe5 false & real sorc]]s4 ,! excommunication ( gras%opp]s & h>mful insects has be5 mu* practis$1 & /ill survives 9 c]ta9 rituals4 ,b ! practice is ov]2 ,ari/otle & ! sorc]]s & gras%opp]s are left 9 peace4 ,!re are c\ntless in/ances ( ?is folly1 once ?\ght s important4 ,o!r follies arise f "t to "t2 b !y h _! day & are ab&on$4 ,:at w\ld happ5 to-day if a man 7 m9d$ to call himself a ,c>pocratian1 a ,euty*ian1 a ,mono!lite1 a ,monophysi/1 a ,ne/orian1 or a ,mani*an8 ,we %\ld laugh at him1 z at a man dress$ 9 ! g>b ( =m] days4 ,! nation 0 beg9n+ to op5 its eyes :5 ! ,jesuits ,le ,telli] & ,d\c9 fabricat$ ! bull ,unig5itus & s5t x to ,rome4 ,!y ?\ght t !y /ill liv$ 9 ^? ignorant times :5 ! mo/ absurd /atem5ts 7 accept$ )\t inquiry4 ,!y v5tur$ ev5 to condemn ! proposition1 a tru? ( all times & all places3 8,! fe> ( unju/ excommunication %\ld n prev5t "o f do+ "o's duty40 ,x 0 a proscription ( reason1 ( ! lib]ties ( ! ,gallican ,*ur*1 & ( ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( morals4 ,x 0 to say to m53 ,god comm&s y nev] to d y\r duty if y fe> inju/ice4 ,nev] 0 common-s5se m outrage\sly *all5g$6 ,! c\nsellors ( ,rome 7 n on _! gu>d4 ,! papal c\rt 0 p]suad$ t ! bull 0 necess>y1 & t ! nation desir$ x2 x 0 sign$1 seal$1 & dispat*$4 ,y "k ! results2 assur$ly1 if !y _h be5 =ese51 ! bull w\ld h be5 modifi$4 ,!re 7 angry qu>rels1 :i* ! prud5ce & goodness ( ! k+ h settl$4 ,s x is 9 reg>d to a numb] ( ! po9ts :i* divide ! ,prote/ants & ourselves4 ,"s are ( no consequ5ce2 "s are m s]i\s2 b on ^! po9ts ! fury ( ! controv]sy has s f> abat$ t ! ,prote/ants !mselves no long] ent] into disputes 9 _! *ur*es4 ,x is a "t ( disgu/1 ( satiety1 or1 r1 ( reason1 t may be us$ z an epo* & gu>antee ( public tranquillity4 ,controv]sy is an epidemic disease t ne>s its end1 & :at is n[ ne$$ is g5tle treatm5t4 ,x is to ! int]e/ ( ! ,/ate t its expatriat$ *ildr5 %\ld return mode/ly to ! homes ( _! fa!rs4 ,humanity dem&s x1 reason c\nsels x1 & politics ne$ n fe> x4 ,,:e!r ,,intol]ance ,,is ,,( ,,natural ,,& ,,human ,,law ,natural law is t indicat$ to m5 by nature4 ,y h re>$ a *ild2 he owes y respect z a fa!r1 gratitude z a b5efactor4 ,y h a "r to ! products ( ! soil t y h cultivat$ ) y\r own h&s4 ,y h giv5 or receiv$ a promise2 x mu/ be kept4 ,human law mu/ 9 e case be bas$ on natural law4 ,all ov] ! e>? ! great pr9ciple ( bo? is3 ,d n unto o!rs :at y w\ld t !y d n unto y4 ,n[1 9 virtue ( ?is pr9ciple1 "o man _c say to ano!r3 8,believe :at ,i believe1 & :at ?\ can/ n believe1 or ?\ %alt p]i%40 ,?us d m5 speak 9 ,portugal1 ,spa91 & ,goa4 ,9 "s o!r c\ntries !y are n[ cont5t to say3 8,believe1 or ,i dete/ !e2 believe1 or ,i w d !e all ! h>m ,i c4 ,mon/]1 ?\ %>e/ n my religion1 & !re=e ha/ no religion2 ?\ %alt be a ?+ ( horror to ?y neighb\rs1 ?y city1 & ?y prov9ce40 ,if x 7 a po9t ( human law to behave ?us1 ! ,japanese %\ld dete/ ! ,*9ese1 :o %\ld abhor ! ,siamese2 ! ,siamese1 9 turn1 %\ld p]secute ! ,?ibetans1 :o %\ld fall ^u ! ,h9doos4 ,a ,mogul %\ld te> out ! he>t ( ! fir/ ,malab>ian he met2 ! ,malab>ian %\ld slay ! ,p]sian1 :o might massacre ! ,turk2 & all ( !m %\ld fl+ !mselves aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians1 :o h s long dev\r$ ea* o!r4 ,! suppos$ "r ( intol]ance is absurd & b>b>ic4 ,x is ! "r ( ! tig]2 nay1 x is f> worse1 = tig]s d b te> 9 ord] to h food1 :ile we r5d ea* o!r = p>agraphs4 ,,:e!r ,,intol]ance ,,0 ,,kn[n ,,to ,,! ,,greeks ,! peoples ( :om hi/ory has giv5 u "s slight k reg>d$ _! diff]5t religions z l9ks t b\nd !m toge!r2 x 0 an association ( ! human race4 ,!re 0 a k9d ( "r to hospitality among ! gods1 j z !re 0 among m54 ,:5 a /rang] rea*$ a t[n1 8 fir/ act 0 to wor%ip ! gods ( ! c\ntry2 ev5 ! gods ( enemies 7 /rictly v5]at$4 ,! ,trojans (f]$ pray]s to ! gods :o f\ght = ! ,greeks4 ,alex&]1 9 ! des]ts ( ,libya1 w5t to consult ! god ,ammon1 :om ! ,greeks call$ ,zeus & ! ,lat9s ,jupit]1 ?\gh !y bo? _h _! own ,zeus or ,jupit] at home4 ,:5 a t[n 0 besieg$1 sacrifices & pray]s 7 (f]$ to ! gods ( ! t[n to secure _! fav\r4 ,?us 9 ! v mid/ ( w> religion unit$ m5 & mod]at$ _! fury1 ?\gh at times x enjo9$ on !m inhuman & horrible de$s4 ,i may be wrong1 b x seems to me t n "o ( ! anci5t civilis$ nations re/rict$ ! fre$om ( ?\ght4#ac ,ea* ( !m _h a religion1 b x seems to me t !y us$ x 9 reg>d to m5 z !y did 9 reg>d to _! gods4 ,all ( !m recognis$ a supreme ,god1 b !y associat$ ) him a prodigi\s numb] ( less] div9ities4 ,!y _h only "o cult1 b !y p]mitt$ numb]s ( special sy/ems4 ,! ,greeks1 = in/ance1 h[ev] religi\s !y 71 all[$ ! ,epicureans to d5y provid5ce & ! exi/5ce ( ! s\l4 ,i ne$ n speak ( ! o!r sects :i* all (f5d$ aga9/ ! s\nd idea ( ! creative be+1 yet 7 all tol]at$4 ,socrates1 :o approa*$ ne>e/ to a k ( ! ,creator1 is said to h paid = x1 & di$ a m>tyr to ! ,deity2 he is ! only man :om ! ,greeks put to dea? = 8 op9ions4 ,if t 0 really ! cause ( 8 condemnation1 h[ev]1 x is n to ! cr$it ( intol]ance1 s9ce !y puni%$ only ! man :o alone gave glory to ,god1 & hon\r$ ^? :o held unwor?y views ( ! ,deity4 ,! enemies ( tol]ation w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 be ill advis$ to quote ! odi\s example ( ! judges ( ,socrates4 ,x is evid5t1 moreov]1 t he 0 ! victim ( a furi\s p>ty1 ang]$ aga9/ him4 ,he _h made irreconcilable enemies ( ! sophi/s1 orators1 & poets :o taught 9 ! s*ools1 & ( all ! tea*]s 9 *>ge ( ! *ildr5 ( di/+ui%$ m54 ,he himself admits1 9 8 disc\rse giv5 to u by ,plato1 t he w5t f h\se to h\se prov+ to ! tea*]s t !y 7 ignorant4 ,su* conduct 0 h>dly wor?y ( "o :om an oracle _h decl>$ to be ! wise/ ( m54 ,a prie/ & a c\ncillor ( ! ,five ,hundr$ 7 put =w>d to accuse him4 ,i mu/ confess t ,i d n "k :at ! precise accusation 02 ,i f9d only vagu5ess 9 8 apology4 ,he is made to say1 9 g5]al1 t he 0 accus$ ( in/ill+ into "y m5 s5tim5ts 9 opposition to ! religion & gov]nm5t4 ,x is ! usual me?od ( calumniators1 b a c\rt w\ld dem& accr$it$ facts & precise *>ges4 ,( ^! !re is no trace 9 ! trial ( ,socrates4 ,we "k only t at fir/ !re 7 two hundr$ & tw5ty votes 9 8 fav\r4 ,f ?is we may inf] t ! c\rt ( ! ,five ,hundr$ includ$ two hundr$ & tw5ty philosoph]s2 ,i d\bt if s _m c\ld be f\nd else:]e4 ,! majority at l5g? condemn$ him to dr9k ! hemlock2 b let u rememb] t1 :5 ! ,a!nians return$ to _! s5ses1 !y reg>d$ bo? ! accus]s & ! judges ) horror2 t ,melitus1 ! *ief au?or ( ! s5t5ce1 0 condemn$ to dea? = 8 inju/ice2 & t ! o!rs 7 bani%$1 & a temple 0 erect$ to ,socrates4 ,nev] 0 philosophy s mu* av5g$ & hon\r$4 ,! case ( ,socrates is really ! mo/ t]rible argum5t t c be us$ aga9/ intol]ance4 ,! ,a!nians _h an alt> d$icat$ to =eign gods--! gods !y knew n4 ,c\ld !re be a /rong] pro(1 n m]ely ( _! indulg5ce to all nations1 b ev5 ( respect = _! cults8 ,a ,fr5* writ]1 9 attempt+ to ju/ify ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 quotes ! w> ( ! ,phocans1 kn[n z 8! sacr$ w>10 z if ?is w> _h be5 inspir$ by cult1 or dogma1 or !ological argum5t4 ,nay1 x 0 a "q only ( det]m9+ to :om a c]ta9 field belong$2 x is ! subject ( all w>s4 ,be>ds ( corn are n a symbol ( fai?2 no ,greek t[n ev] w5t to w> = op9ions4 ,:at1 inde$1 w\ld ?is g5tleman h8 ,w\ld he h u ent] ^u a 8sacr$ w>08 ,,:e!r ,,! ,,romans ,,7 ,,tol]ant ,among ! anci5t ,romans y w n f9d1 f ,romulus until ! days :5 ! ,*ri/ians disput$ ) ! prie/s ( ! empire1 a s+le man p]secut$ on acc\nt ( 8 op9ions4 ,cic]o d\bt$ ev]y?+2 ,lucretius d5i$ ev]y?+2 yet !y incurr$ n ! lea/ reproa*4 ,inde$1 lic5se w5t s f> t ,pl9y1 ! naturali/1 began 8 book by say+ t !re is no god1 or t1 if !re is1 x is ! sun4 ,cic]o1 speak+ ( ! l[] regions1 says3 8,!re is no old woman s /upid z to believe 9 !m 7,non e/ anus tam excors qu cr$at740 ,juv5al says3 8,ev5 ! *ildr5 d n believe 7,nec pu]i cr$unt740 ,!y sang 9 ! !atre at ,rome3 8,!re is no?+ aft] dea?1 & dea? is no?+ 7,po/ mortem nihil e/1 ipsaque mors nihil740 ,we may abhor ^! maxims1 or1 at ! mo/1 =give a p :om ! light ( ! gospel _h n rea*$2 b we mu/ conclude t ! ,romans 7 v tol]ant1 s9ce !y did n excite a s+le murmur4 ,! great pr9ciple ( ! ,s5ate & p ( ,rome 01 8,(f5ces aga9/ ! gods are ! bus9ess ( ! gods 7,deorum (f5sa diis cur740 ,!y dream$ only ( conqu]+1 gov]n+1 & civilis+ ! _w4 ,!y 7 our legislators & our conqu]ors2 & ,cs>1 :o gave u roads1 laws1 & games1 nev] attempt$ to compel u to ab&on our druids = him1 great pontiff z he 0 ( our sov]eign nation4 ,! ,romans did n pr(ess all cults1 or assign public functions to all1 b !y p]mitt$ all4 ,!y _h no mat]ial object ( wor%ip "u ,numa1 no pictures or /atues2 ?\gh !y pres5tly erect$ /atues to 8! gods ( ! great nations10 :om !y le>n$ f ! ,greeks4 ,! law ( ! ,twelve ,tables1 ,deos p]egr9os ne colunto 8,=eign gods %all n be wor%ipp$01 means only t public cult %all be giv5 only to ! sup]ior div9ities approv$ by ! ,s5ate4 ,isis _h a temple at ,rome until ,tib]ius de/roy$ x4 ,! ,jews 7 engag$ 9 comm]ce !re s9ce ! "t ( ! ,punic w>1 & _h synagogues !re 9 ! days ( ,augu/us4 ,!y kept !m almo/ always1 z 9 mod]n ,rome4 ,c !re be a cle>] pro( t tol]ation 0 reg>d$ by ! ,romans z ! mo/ sacr$ l9e ( ! law ( nations8 ,we are told t1 z soon z ! ,*ri/ians appe>$1 !y 7 p]secut$ by ! ,romans1 :o p]secut$ nobody4 ,x seems to me t ! /atem5t is entirely false1 & ,i ne$ only quote ,/4 ,paul himself 9 dispro( ( x4 ,9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les 7xxv4 #af7 we read t1 :5 ,paul 0 dragg$ be=e ! ,roman ,gov]nor by ! ,jews 9 "s religi\s qu>rel1 ,fe/us said3 8,x is n ! mann] ( ! ,romans to deliv] any man to die be=e t he :i* is accus$ h ! accus]s face to face1 & h lic5se to answ] = himself40 ,^! words are ! m rem>kable = a ,roman magi/rate1 because he seems to h _h no?+ b contempt = ,paul4 ,deceiv$ by ! false light ( 8 reason1 he took ,paul = a fool1 & said3 8,mu* le>n+ do? make !e mad40 ,he 01 !re=e1 hav+ reg>d only to ! equity ( ,roman law 9 giv+ 8 protection to a /rang] = :om he _h no e/eem4 ,?us ! ,holy ,_s1 9 inspir+ ,acts1 te/ifies t ! ,romans 7 j1 & did n p]secute4 ,x 0 n ! ,romans :o fell ^u ,paul1 b ! ,jews4 ,/4 ,james1 ! bro!r ( ,jesus1 0 /on$ by ! ord] ( a ,jewi% ,sadducee1 n ( a ,roman4 ,! ,jews alone /on$ ,/4 ,/eph52 & ,/4 ,paul1 9 hold+ ! cloaks ( ! execution]s1 c]ta9ly did n act z a ,roman citiz54#ad ,! fir/ ,*ri/ians _h1 no d\bt1 no cause ( qu>rel ) ! ,romans2 _! only enemies 7 ! ,jews1 f :om !y 7 beg9n+ to sep>ate4 ,we "k ! fi]ce hatr$ t sect>ians always h = ^? :o leave ! sect4 ,!re 7 probably di/urbances 9 ! synagogues at ,rome4 ,suetonius says1 9 8 life ( ,claudius3 8,judos impulsore ,*ri/o assidue tumultuantes ,roma expulit40#ae ,he 0 wrong 9 say+ t !y 7 in/igat$ by ,*ri/1 & 0 n likely to be well in=m$ 9 detail ab\t a p s mu* despis$ at ,rome z ! ,jews 72 b he 0 n mi/ak5 z to ! subject ( ! qu>rels4 ,suetonius wrote "u ,hadrian1 9 ! second c5tury1 :5 ! ,*ri/ians 7 n di/9ct f ! ,jews 9 ,roman eyes4 ,8 words %[ t ! ,romans1 in/ead ( oppress+ ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 r co]c$ ! ,jews :o p]secut$ !m4 ,!y wi%$ ! ,roman synagogue to deal z indulg5tly ) _! sep>at$ bre?r5 z ! ,s5ate did4 ,! bani%$ ,jews return$ soon aft]w>ds1 & ev5 atta9$ high positions1 9 spite ( ! laws :i* exclud$ !m1 z ,dio ,cassius & ,ulpian tell u4 ,is x possible t1 aft] ! ru9 ( ,j]usalem1 ! emp]ors %\ld lavi% hon\rs on ! ,jews1 & p]secute1 & h& ov] to ! execution] or ! bea/s1 ,*ri/ians1 :o 7 reg>d$ z a ,jewi% sect8 ,x is said t ,n]o p]secut$ !m4 ,tacitus tells u t !y 7 accus$ ( sett+ fire to ,rome1 & 7 ab&on$ to ! fury ( ! p4 ,0 t on acc\nt ( _! religi\s belief8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,%all we say t ! ,*9ese :o 7 sla9 by ! ,dut* a few ye>s ago 9 ! suburbs ( ,batavia 7 sacrific$ on acc\nt ( religion8 ,h[ev] mu* a man may wi% to deceive himself1 x is impossible to ascribe to intol]ance ! disa/] t befell a few half-,jewi%1 half-,*ri/ian m5 & wom5 at ,rome "u ,n]o4#af ,,! ,,m>tyrs ,!re 7 ,*ri/ian m>tyrs 9 lat] ye>s4 ,x is v difficult to discov] ! precise gr\nds on :i* !y 7 condemn$2 b ,i v5ture to ?9k t none ( !m 7 put to dea? on religi\s gr\nds "u ! e>li] emp]ors4 ,all religions 7 tol]at$1 & !re is no reason to suppose t ! ,romans w\ld seek out & p]secute c]ta9 obscure m51 ) a peculi> cult1 at a "t :5 !y p]mitt$ all o!r religions4 ,titus1 ,trajan1 ! ,anton9es1 & ,decius 7 n b>b>ians4 ,h[ c we suppose t !y depriv$ ! ,*ri/ians alone ( a lib]ty :i* ! :ole empire enjoy$8 ,h[ c\ld !y v5ture to *>ge ! ,*ri/ians ) _! secret my/]ies :5 ! my/]ies ( ,isis1 ,mi?ra1 & ! ,syrian goddess1 all ali5 to ! ,roman cult1 7 freely p]mitt$8 ,!re mu/ h be5 o!r reasons = p]secution4 ,possibly c]ta9 special animosities1 support$ by reasons ( ,/ate1 l$ to ! %$d+ ( ,*ri/ian blood4 ,= in/ance1 :5 ,/4 ,lawr5ce refus$ to give to ! ,roman prefect1 ,cornelius ,secul>is1 ! money ( ! ,*ri/ians :i* he held1 ! prefect & emp]or w\ld naturally be irritat$4 ,!y did n "k t ,/4 ,lawr5ce _h di/ribut$ ! money to ! poor1 & done a *>itable & holy act4 ,!y reg>d$ him z rebelli\s1 & _h him put to dea?4#ag ,consid] ! m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,polyeuctes4 ,0 he condemn$ on ! gr\nd ( religion alone8 ,he ent]s ! temple1 9 :i* ?anks are be+ giv5 to ! gods = ! victory ( ! ,emp]or ,decius4 ,he insults ! sacrific+ prie/s1 & ov]turns & breaks ! alt>s & /atues4 ,9 :at c\ntry 9 ! _w w\ld su* an outrage be ov]look$8 ,! ,*ri/ian :o 9 public tore d[n ! edict ( ! ,emp]or ,diocletian1 & drew ! great p]secution ^u 8 bre?r5 9 ! la/ two ye>s ( ! reign ( t emp]or1 _h m zeal ?an discretion1 &1 unhappily1 br\ght a great disa/] on ! body to :i* he belong$4 ,?is un?9k+ zeal1 :i* (t5 broke out1 & 0 condemn$ ev5 by "s ( ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 0 probably ! cause ( all ! p]secutions4 ,i d n1 ( c\rse1 comp>e ! e>ly ,prote/ants ) ! e>ly ,*ri/ians2 "o _c put error by ! side ( tru?4 ,b x is a fact t ,=el1 ! pr$ecessor ( ,calv91 did at ,arles ! same ?+ t ,/4 ,polyeuctes _h done 9 ,arm5ia4 ,! /atue ( ,/4 ,antony ! ,h]mit 0 be+ c>ri$ 9 procession1 & ,=el & "s ( 8 companions fell on ! monks :o c>ri$ x1 beat & scatt]$ !m1 & ?rew ,/4 ,antony 9 ! riv]4 ,he des]v$ ! dea? :i* he manag$ to evade by flight4#ah ,if he _h be5 cont5t to call out to ! monks t he did n believe t a cr[ br\ght half a loaf to ,/4 ,antony ! ,h]mit1 or t ,/4 ,antony conv]s$ ) c5taurs & satyrs1 he w\ld m]ely h m]it$ a /]n rebuke = di/urb+ public ord]2 & if1 ! ev5+ aft] ! procession1 he _h calmly /udi$ ! /ory ( ! cr[1 ! c5taurs1 & ! satyrs1 !y w\ld h _h no reproa* to make him4 ,y ?9k t ! ,romans w\ld h suff]$ ! infam\s ,ant9\s#ai to be rais$ to ! rank ( ! second>y gods1 & w\ld h r5t & giv5 to ! bea/s ^? ^: only reproa* 0 to h quietly wor%ipp$ "o j ,god6 ,y imag9e t !y w\ld h recognis$ a supreme & sov]eign ,god1 ma/] ( all ! second>y gods1 z we see 9 _! =mula1 ,deus optimus maximus1 yet p]secut$ ^? :o wor%ipp$ "o sole ,god6 ,x is incr$ible t !re 0 any inquisition aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians--t m5 7 s5t among !m to int]rogate !m on _! beliefs--"u ! emp]ors4 ,on t po9t !y nev] tr\bl$ ei!r ,jew1 ,syrian1 ,egyptian1 ,druid1 or philosoph]4 ,! m>tyrs 7 m5 :o made an outcry aga9/ :at !y call$ false gods4 ,x 0 a v wise & pi\s ?+ to refuse to believe 9 !m2 b1 aft] all1 if1 n cont5t ) wor%ipp+ ,god 9 _s & 9 tru?1 !y broke out viol5tly aga9/ ! e/abli%$ cult1 h[ev] absurd x 01 we are compell$ to admit t !y 7 !mselves intol]ant4#bj ,t]tullian admits 9 8 ,apology 7*4 xxxix47 t ! ,*ri/ians 7 reg>d$ z s$iti\s4 ,! *>ge 0 unju/1 b x %[s t x 0 n m]ely _! religion :i* /imulat$ ! zeal ( ! magi/rates4 ,he admits t ! ,*ri/ians refus$ to decorate _! doors ) laurel bran*es 9 ! public rejoic+s = ! victories ( ! emp]ors2 su* an affectation might easily be turn$ into ! crime ( treason4 ,! fir/ p]iod ( juridical sev]ity aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians 0 "u ,domitian1 b x 0 g5]ally re/rict$ to a bani%m5t t did n la/ a ye>4 8,facile coeptum repressit1 re/itutis quos ipse relegav]at10 says ,t]tullian 8,he quickly repress$ ! "w1 re/or+ ^? :om he _h bani%$04 ,lactantius1 ^: /yle is s vehem5t1 agrees t ! ,*ur* 0 peaceful & fl\ri%+ f ,domitian to ,decius #if-bej ,a4,d44#ba ,?is long peace1 he says1 0 brok5 :5 8t execrable animal ,decius began to vex ! ,*ur*40 ,we ne$ n discuss "h ! op9ion ( ! le>n$ ,dodwell t ! m>tyrs 7 few 9 numb]2 b if ! ,romans p]secut$ ! ,*ri/ian religion1 if ! ,s5ate _h put to dea? s _m innoc5t m5 ) unusual tortures--plung+ ,*ri/ians 9 boil+ oil & expos+ girls nak$ to ! bea/s 9 ! circus--h[ is x t !y left unt\*$ all ! e>li] bi%ops ( ,rome8 ,/4 ,ir5u c c\nt among !m only "o m>tyr1 ,telesphorus1 9 ! ye> #aci ,a4,d42 & we h no pro( t ,telesphorus 0 put to dea?4 ,zeph]9us gov]n$ ! flock at ,rome = tw5ty-eight ye>s1 & di$ peacefully 9 #bai4 ,x is true t ne>ly all ! popes are inscrib$ 9 ! e>ly m>tyrologies1 b ! ^w 8m>tyr0 0 !n tak5 9 its lit]al s5se1 z 8witness10 n z "o put to dea?4 ,x is difficult to reconcile ?is p]secut+ fury ) ! fre$om :i* ! ,*ri/ians _h to hold ! fifty-six ,c\ncils :i* ecclesia/ical writ]s c\nt 9 ! fir/ ?ree c5turies4 ,!re 7 p]secutions2 b if !y 7 z viol5t z we are told1 x is probable t ,t]tullian1 :o wrote s vigor\sly aga9/ ! e/abli%$ cult1 w\ld n h di$ 9 8 b$4 ,we "k1 ( c\rse1 t ! emp]ors w\ld n read 8 ,apology--an obscure "w1 compos$ 9 ,africa1 w\ld h>dly rea* ^? :o 7 rul+ ! _w4 ,b x mu/ h be5 kn[n to ^? :o 7 9 t\* ) ! proconsul ( ,africa1 & ought to h br\ght a good deal ( ill-feel+ on its au?or4 ,he did n1 h[ev]1 suff] m>tyrdom4 ,orig5 taught publicly at ,alex&ria1 & 0 n put to dea?4 ,?is same ,orig51 :o spoke s freely to bo? pagans & ,*ri/ians--ann\nc+ ,jesus to ! =m] & d5y+ a ,god 9 ?ree p]sons to ! latt]--says expressly1 9 ! ?ird book ( 8 ,contra ,celsum1 t 8!re h be5 few m>tyrs1 & ^? at long int]vals02 al?\gh1 he says1 8! ,*ri/ians d all 9 _! p[] to make ev]ybody embrace _! religion1 runn+ ab\t ! t[ns & villages40 ,x is cle> t a s$iti\s complexion might be put by ! ho/ile prie/s on all ?is runn+ ab\t1 yet ! missions 7 tol]at$1 9 spite ( ! con/ant & c[>dly disord]s ( ! ,egyptian p1 :o kill$ a ,roman = slay+ a cat1 & 7 always contemptible4#bb ,:o did m to br+ ^u him ! prie/s & ! gov]nm5t ?an ,/4 ,gregory ,?aumaturgus1 a pupil ( ,orig58 ,gregory saw1 dur+ ! night1 an old man1 s5t by ,god1 & a woman %9+ ) light2 ! woman 0 ! ,virg91 & ! man ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/4 ,john dictat$ to him a cre$1 :i* ,gregory w5t out to prea*4 ,9 go+ to ,neocs>ea he pass$ by a temple 9 :i* oracles 7 giv51 & ! ra9 compell$ him to sp5d ! night 9 x1 aft] mak+ _m signs ( ! cross4 ,! foll[+ day ! sacrific+ prie/ 0 a/oni%$ to f9d t ! demons :o 7 wont to answ] him w\ld d s no long]4 ,:5 he call$1 !y said t !y w\ld come no m1 & c\ld n live 9 ! temple1 because ,gregory _h sp5t ! night 9 x & made ! sign ( ! cross 9 x4 ,! prie/ _h ,gregory seiz$1 & ,gregory said3 8,i c expel ! demons f :]ev] ,i l1 & drive !m into :]ev] ,i l40 8,s5d !m back into my temple1 !n10 said ! prie/4 ,s ,gregory tore (f a piece f a book he _h 9 8 h& & wrote on x3 8,gregory to ,satan3 ,i ord] !e to return to ?is temple40 ,! message 0 plac$ on ! alt>1 & ! demons obey$1 & gave ! oracles z be=e4 ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nyssa tells u ^! facts 9 8 ,life ( ,/4 ,gregory ,?aumaturgus4 ,! prie/s 9 *>ge ( ! idols mu/ h be5 inc5s$ aga9/ ,gregory1 & wi%$1 9 _! bl9dness1 to d5\nce him to ! magi/rates4 ,b _! greate/ enemy nev] suff]$ p]secution4 ,x is said t ,/4 ,cyprian 0 ! fir/ bi%op ( ,c>?age to be condemn$ to dea?1 9 ! ye> #beh4 ,dur+ a v long p]iod1 !re=e1 no bi%op ( ,c>?age suff]$ = 8 religion4 ,hi/ory does n tell u :at *>ges 7 made aga9/ ,/4 ,cyprian1 :at enemies he _h1 & :y ! proconsul ( ,africa 0 angry ) him4 ,/4 ,cyprian writes to ,cornelius1 bi%op ( ,rome3 8,!re 01 a %ort "t ago1 "s popul> di/urbance at ,c>?age1 & ! cry 0 twice rais$ t ,i ought to be ca/ to ! lions40 ,x is v probable t ! excitem5t ( ! passionate populace ( ,c>?age 0 ! cause ( ! dea? ( ,cyprian2 x is1 at all ev5ts1 c]ta9 t ! ,emp]or ,gallus did n condemn him on ! gr\nd ( religion f di/ant ,rome1 s9ce he left unt\*$ ,cornelius1 :o liv$ "u 8 eyes4 ,s _m hidd5 causes are associat$ at times ) ! app>5t cause1 s _m unkn[n spr+s may be at "w 9 ! p]secution ( a man1 t x is impossible1 c5turies aft]w>ds1 to discov] ! hidd5 s\rce ( ! mis=tunes ev5 ( di/+ui%$ m52 x is /ill m difficult to expla9 ! p]secution ( an individual :o mu/ h be5 kn[n only to ^? ( 8 own p>ty4 ,obs]ve t ,/4 ,gregory ,?aumaturgus & ,/4 ,d5is1 bi%op ( ,alex&ria1 :o 7 n put to dea?1 liv$ at ! same "t z ,/4 ,cyprian4 ,h[ is x t !y 7 left 9 peace1 s9ce !y 71 at lea/1 z well kn[n z ! bi%op ( ,c>?age8 ,& :y 0 ,cyprian put to dea?8 ,does x n seem z if ! latt] fell a victim to p]sonal & p[]ful enemies1 "u ! pretext ( calumny or reasons ( ,/ate1 :i* are s (t5 associat$ ) religion1 & t ! =m] 7 =tunate en\gh to escape ! malice ( m58 ,x is impossible t ! m]e *>ge ( be+ a ,*ri/ian l$ to ! dea? ( ,/4 ,ignatius "u ! clem5t & j ,trajan1 s9ce ! ,*ri/ians 7 all[$ to accompany & console him dur+ 8 voyage to ,rome4 ,s$itions 7 common at ,antio*1 always a turbul5t city1 :]e ,ignatius 0 secret bi%op ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,possibly ^! s$itions 7 imput$ to ! ,*ri/ians1 & br\ght ! au?orities ^u !m4 ,/4 ,simeon1 = in/ance1 0 *>g$ be=e ,sapor ) be+ a ,roman spy4 ,! /ory ( 8 m>tyrdom tells t ,k+ ,sapor ord]$ him to wor%ip ! sun1 b we "k t ! ,p]sians did n wor%ip ! sun2 !y reg>d$ x z an emblem ( ! good pr9ciple ,ormuzd1 ! god :om !y recognis$4 ,h[ev] tol]ant we may be1 we _c help be+ indignant ) ! rhetoricians :o accuse ,diocletian ( p]secut+ ! ,*ri/ians z soon z he asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,let u consult ,eusebius ( ,cs>ea1 ! fav\rite & panegyri/ ( ,con/ant9e1 ! viol5t enemy ( prec$+ emp]ors4 ,he says 7,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 ,bk4 ,,viii473 8,! emp]ors = a long "t gave ! ,*ri/ians pro( ( _! goodwill4 ,!y entru/$ prov9ces to !m2 sev]al ,*ri/ians liv$ 9 ! palace2 !y ev5 m>ri$ ,*ri/ians4 ,diocletian m>ri$ ,prisca1 ^: daught] 0 ! wife ( ,maximianus ,gal]ius40 ,we may well suspect t ! p]secution set afoot by ,gal]ius1 aft] a clem5t & b5evol5t reign ( tw5ty-n9e ye>s1 0 due to "s intrigue t is unkn[n to u4#bc ,! /ory ( ! massacre ( ! ,!ban ,legion on religi\s gr\nds is absurd4 ,x is ridicul\s to say t ! legion came f ,asia by ! great ,/4 ,b]n>d ,pass2 x is impossible t x %\ld be br\ght f ,asia at all to quell a s$ition 9 ,gaul--a ye> aft] ! s$ition broke out1 moreov]2 x is n less incr$ible t six ?\s& infantry & sev5 hundr$ cavalry c\ld be sla9 9 a pass 9 :i* two hundr$ m5 c\ld hold at bay a :ole army4 ,! acc\nt ( ?is suppos$ but*]y beg9s ) an evid5t impo/ure3 8,:5 ! e>? groan$ "u ! tyranny ( ,diocletian1 heav5 0 peopl$ ) sa9ts40 ,n[1 ?is episode is suppos$ to h tak5 place 9 #bhf1 a "t :5 ,diocletian fav\r$ ! ,*ri/ians1 & ! empire fl\ri%$4#bd ,f9ally--a po9t :i* might disp5se u f discussion altoge!r--!re nev] 0 a ,!ban ,legion4 ,! ,romans _h too mu* pride & common-s5se to make up a legion ( ,egyptians1 :o s]v$ only z slaves at ,rome2 "o might z well talk ( a ,jewi% ,legion4 ,we h ! names ( ! ?irty-two legions :i* repres5t$ ! *ief /r5g? ( ! ,roman ,empire1 & !re is no ,!ban ,legion among !m4 ,we mu/ relegate ! fable to ! same category z ! acro/ic v]ses ( ! ,sibyls1 :i* =etold ! miracles ( ,*ri/1 & s _m o!r =g]ies ) :i* a false zeal dup$ ! cr$ul\s4 ,,( ,,! ,,dang] ,,( ,,false ,,leg5ds1 ,,& ,,( ,,p]secution ,untru? has impos$ on m5 too long2 x is "t to pick out ! few tru?s t we c trace amid ! cl\ds ( leg5ds :i* brood ov] ,roman hi/ory aft] ,tacitus & ,suetonius1 & h almo/ always envelop$ ! annals ( o!r nations4 ,h[ c we believe1 = in/ance1 t ! ,romans1 ^: laws exhibit to u a p ( grave & sev]e "*1 expos$ to pro/itution ,*ri/ian virg9s & "y wom5 ( rank8 ,x is a gross misund]/&+ ( ! au/]e dignity ( ! mak]s ( our laws1 :o puni%$ s rigor\sly ! frailties ( _! ve/al virg9s4 ,! 8,s9c]e ,acts0 ( ,ru9>t describe ^! indignities2 b are we to put ! 8,acts0 ( ,ru9>t on a level ) ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les8 ,^! 8,s9c]e ,acts0 say1 accord+ to ! ,boll&i/s1 t !re 7 9 ! t[n ( ,ancyra sev5 ,*ri/ian virg9s1 ea* ab\t sev5ty ye>s old2 t ! gov]nor ,!odectes condemn$ !m to be h&$ ov] to ! "y m5 ( ! t[n2 & t he *ang$ ! s5t5ce1 z 0 prop]1 & compell$ !m to assi/1 nak$1 9 ! my/]ies ( ,diana--at :i* none ev] assi/$ )\t a veil4 ,/4 ,!odotus--:o1 to tell ! tru?1 kept a public-h\se1 b 0 n less zeal\s on t acc\nt--pray$ ard5tly to ,god to take ^! holy maid5s out ( life1 le/ !y %\ld succumb to temptation4 ,god he>d him4 ,! gov]nor !n _h !m ?r[n into a lake1 ) /ones r\nd _! necks1 & !y at once appe>$ to ,!odotus & begg$ him to see t _! bodies 7 n eat5 by fi%es4 ,! holy publican & 8 companions w5t dur+ ! night to ! %ore ( ! lake1 :i* 0 gu>d$ by soldi]s4 ,a heav5ly tor* w5t be=e !m1 & :5 !y came to ! spot :]e ! gu>ds 71 a heav5ly cavali]1 arm$ f top to toe1 *as$ ! gu>ds1 lance 9 h&4 ,/4 ,!odotus drew f ! lake ! bodies ( ! virg9s4 ,he 0 br\ght be=e ! gov]nor--& ! cele/ial cavali] did n prev5t ! soldi]s f cutt+ (f 8 head4 ,we repeat t we v5]ate ! real m>tyrs1 b x is n easy to believe ?is /ory ( ! ,boll&i/s & ,ru9>t4 ,%all we tell ! /ory ( ! "y ,/4 ,romanus8 ,he 0 ca/ into ! flames1 says ,eusebius1 & c]ta9 ,jews :o 7 pres5t insult$ ,jesus ,*ri/ = all[+ 8 foll[]s to be burn$1 :]eas ,god _h )drawn ,%adra*1 ,me%a*1 & ,ab$nego f ! fi]y furnace4 ,h>dly _h ! ,jews spok5 :5 ,romanus em]g$ 9 triumph f ! flames4 ,! emp]or ord]$ t he %\ld be p>don$1 say+ to ! judge t he did n want to fall f\l ( ,god4 ,curi\s words = ,diocletian6 ,! judge1 9 spite ( ! emp]or's p>don1 ord]$ ! tongue ( ,romanus to be cut out2 &1 al?\gh he _h execution]s1 he _h ?is op]ation p]=m$ by a physician4 ,! "y ,romanus1 :o _h /utt]$ f bir?1 spoke volubly z soon z 8 tongue 0 cut out4 ,! physician1 to %[ t ! op]ation _h be5 prop]ly p]=m$1 took a man :o 0 pass+ & cut (f j z mu* ( 8 tongue z he _h done 9 ! case ( ,romanus1 & ! man di$4 8,anatomy tea*es u10 says ! au?or1 le>n$ly1 8t a man _c live )\t a tongue40 ,if ,eusebius really wrote ?is nons5se1 & ! passage is n an int]polation1 x is difficult to take 8 hi/ory s]i\sly4 ,!n !re is ! m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,felicitas & h] sev5 *ildr51 s5t to dea?1 x is said1 by ! wise & pius ,anton9us4 ,9 ?is case x seems probable t "s writ] ) m zeal ?an tru?fulness has imitat$ ! /ory ( ! ,maccabees4 ,! n>rative beg9s3 8,/4 ,felicitas 0 a ,roman1 & liv$ 9 ! reign ( ,anton9us40 ,f ^! words x is cle> t ! au?or 0 n a contempor>y ( ,/4 ,felicitas4 ,he says t ! prtor sat to judge !m 9 ! ,campus ,m>tius4 ,! =g]y is expos$ by ?is /atem5t4 ,! ,campus ,m>tius1 :i* _h once be5 us$ = ! elections1 !n s]v$ = reviews ( ! troops & = milit>y games4 ,aga91 x is said t aft] ! trial ! emp]or entru/$ ! execution ( ! s5t5ce to v>i\s judges2 :i* is q oppos$ to all proc$ure at t "t or 9 our own4 ,!n !re is a ,/4 ,hippolytus1 :o is suppos$ to h be5 dragg$ by horses1 l ,hippolytus ! son ( ,!seus4 ,?is puni%m5t 0 q unkn[n to ! ,romans1 & x is m]ely ! simil>ity ( "n t has l$ to ! inv5tion ( ! leg5d4 ,y w obs]ve 9 ^! acc\nts ( ! m>tyrs1 :i* 7 compos$ entirely by ! ,*ri/ians !mselves1 t cr[ds ( ,*ri/ians always g freely to ! prison ( ! condemn$1 foll[ him to ! scaffold1 receive 8 blood1 bury 8 body1 & "w miracles ) 8 relics4 ,if x 7 ! religion alone t 0 p]secut$1 w\ld n ! au?orities h arre/$ ^! decl>$ ,*ri/ians :o assi/$ _! condemn$ bre?r51 & :o 7 accus$ ( p]=m+ magic ) ! m>tyr$ bodies8 ,w\ld !y n h be5 treat$ z we treat$ ! ,wald5sians1 ! ,albig5ses1 ! ,hussites1 & ! v>i\s sects ( ,prote/ants8 ,we slew !m & burn$ !m 9 cr[ds1 )\t di/9ction ( age or sex4 ,is !re1 9 any reliable acc\nt ( ! anci5t p]secutions1 any s+le feature t approa*es our massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew or ! ,iri% massacres8 ,is !re a s+le "o ) any resemblance to ! annual fe/ival t is /ill held at ,t\l\se--a cruel & damnable fe/ival1 9 :i* a :ole p ?anks ,god & congratulates itself t x slew f\r ?\s& ( its fell[-citiz5s two hundr$ ye>s ago8 ,i say x ) a %udd]1 b x is true2 x is we ,*ri/ians :o h be5 ! p]secutors1 ! execution]s1 ! assass9s4 ,& :o 7 our victims8 ,our bro!rs4 ,x is we :o h de/roy$ a hundr$ t[ns1 ! crucifix or ,bible 9 our h&s1 & h incessantly %$ blood & lit flames f ! reign ( ,con/ant9e to ! fury ( ! cannibals ( ! ,cvnes4 ,we /ill occasionally s5d to ! gibbet a few poor folk ( ,poit\1 ,viv>ais1 ,val5ce1 or ,montauban4 ,s9ce #agde a p]iod ( sev5 ye>s we h hang$ eight ( ^? m5 :o are kn[n z 8prea*]s0 or 8m9i/]s ( ! gospel10 ^: only crime 0 to h pray$ ,god = ! k+ 9 _! native dialect & giv5 a drop ( w9e & a morsel ( leav5$ bread to a few silly peasants4 ,^! ?+s are n done at ,p>is1 :]e pleasure is ! only ?+ ( consequ5ce1 & p are ignorant ( :at is done 9 ! prov9ces & abroad4 ,^! trials are ov] 9 an h\r2 !y are %ort] ?an ! trial ( a des]t]4 ,if ! k+ 7 aw>e ( !m1 he w\ld put an end to !m4 ,ca?olic prie/s are n treat$ ?us 9 any ,prote/ant c\ntry4 ,!re are m ?an a hundr$ ,ca?olic prie/s 9 ,engl& & ,irel&2 !y are kn[n1 & 7 unt\*$ dur+ ! late w>4 ,%all we always be ! la/ to embrace ! :olesome ideas ( o!r nations8 ,!y h am5d$ _! ways2 :5 %all we am5d ours8 ,x took u sixty ye>s to admit :at ,newton _h demon/rat$2 we are h>dly beg9n+ to save ! lives ( our *ildr5 by inoculation2 & x is only rec5tly t we h begun to act on s\nd pr9ciples ( agriculture4 ,:5 %all we beg9 to act on s\nd pr9ciples ( humanity8 ,h[ c we h ! audacity to reproa* ! pagans ) mak+ m>tyrs :5 we h be5 guilty ( ! same cruelty 9 ! same circum/ances8 ,suppose we grant t ! ,romans put to dea? numb]s ( ,*ri/ians on purely religi\s gr\nds4 ,9 t case ! ,romans 7 v mu* to blame4 ,:y %\ld we be simil>ly unju/8 ,w\ld we become p]secutors at ! v "t :5 we reproa* !m ) p]secut+8 ,if any man 7 s want+ 9 good fai?1 or s fanatical1 z to say to me3 8,:y d y come to expose our blund]s & faults8 ,:y d y de/roy our false miracles & false leg5ds8 ,!y n\ri% ! piety ( _m p2 !re are su* ?+s z necess>y errors2 d n te> out ( ! body an incurable ulc] if x w\ld entail ! de/ruction ( ! body02 ,i %\ld reply to ?is man3 ,all ^! false miracles by :i* y %ake ! tru/ t %\ld be giv5 to real ones1 all ^! absurd leg5ds :i* y add to ! tru?s ( ! gospels1 ext+ui% religion 9 ! he>ts ( m54 ,too _m p :o long = in/ruction1 & h n ! "t to in/ruct !mselves1 say3 8,! heads ( my religion h deceiv$ me1 !re=e !re is no religion4 ,x is bett] to ca/ oneself into ! arms ( nature ?an into ^? ( error2 ,i w\ld r dep5d on ! law ( nature ?an on ! inv5tions ( m540 ,"s are s un=tunate z to g ev5 f>!r4 ,!y see t impo/ure put a curb on !m1 & !y w n h ev5 ! curb ( tru?4 ,!y lean to a!ism4 ,!y become deprav$1 because o!rs h be5 false & cruel4 ,^!1 assur$ly1 are ! consequ5ces ( all ! pi\s frauds & all ! sup]/itions4 ,! reason+ ( m5 is1 z a rule1 only half-reason+4 ,x is a v poor argum5t to say3 8,vorag91 ! au?or ( ! ,gold5 ,leg5d1 & ! ,jesuit ,ribad5eira1 compil] ( ! ,fl[]s ( ! ,sa9ts1 wrote %e] nons5se2 !re=e !re is no ,god4 ,! ,ca?olics h murd]$ a c]ta9 numb] ( ,hugu5ots1 & ! ,hugu5ots h murd]$ a c]ta9 numb] ( ,ca?olics2 !re=e !re is no ,god4 ,m5 h made use ( confession1 communion1 & all ! o!r sacram5ts1 to commit ! mo/ horrible crimes3 !re=e !re is no ,god40 ,i %\ld conclude1 on ! contr>y3 ,!re=e !re is a ,god :o1 aft] ?is transitory life1 9 :i* we h kn[n him s little1 & committ$ s _m crimes 9 8 "n1 w v\*safe to console u = our mis=tunes4 ,=1 consid]+ ! w>s ( religion1 ! =ty papal s*isms 7ne>ly all ( :i* 7 bloody71 ! impo/ures :i* h ne>ly all be5 p]nici\s1 ! irreconcilable hatr$s lit by diff]5ces ( op9ion1 & all ! evils t false zeal has br\ght ^u !m1 m5 h long suff]$ hell 9 ?is _w4 ,,abuses ,,( ,,intol]ance ,d ,i propose1 !n1 t e citiz5 %all be free to foll[ 8 own reason1 & believe :atev] ?is enlight5$ or delud$ reason %all dictate to him8 ,c]ta9ly1 provid$ he does n di/urb ! public ord]4 ,x does n dep5d on man to believe or n to believe2 b x dep5ds on him to respect ! usages ( 8 c\ntry4 ,if y insi/ t x is a crime to disbelieve 9 ! dom9ant religion1 y condemn ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 y\r fa!rs1 & y ju/ify ^? :om y reproa* ) p]secut+ !m4 ,y say t !re is a great diff]5ce2 t all o!r religions are ! "w ( man1 & ! ,ca?olic1 ,apo/olic1 & ,roman ,*ur* alone is ! "w ( ,god4 ,b1 surely1 ! fact t our religion is div9e does n imply t x %\ld rule by hatr$1 fury1 exile1 ! confiscation ( goods1 imprisonm5t1 torture1 murd]1 & ?anksgiv+ to ,god = murd]8 ,! m div9e ! ,*ri/ian religion is1 ! less x is ! place ( man to comm& x2 if ,god is its au?or1 he w ma9ta9 x )\t y\r aid4 ,y "k well t intol]ance begets only hypocrites or rebels4 ,fe>ful alt]native6 ,w\ld y1 inde$1 su/a9 by execution]s ! religion ( a ,god :o fell into ! h&s ( execution]s1 & :o prea*$ only g5tl5ess & pati5ce8 ,reflect on ! frightful consequ5ces ( ! "r ( intol]ance4 ,if x 7 all[$ to despoil1 ca/ 9 prison1 & put to dea? a citiz5 :o1 at a c]ta9 degree ( latitude1 w\ld n pr(ess ! religion g5]ally admitt$ at t degree1 h[ c\ld we except ! lead]s ( ! ,/ate f ^? p5alties8 ,religion equally b9ds ! mon>* & ! begg>2 h5ce m ?an fifty doctors or monks h made ! mon/r\s ass]tion t x 0 lawful to depose or slay any sov]eign :o diss5t$ f ! dom9ant religion1 & ! ,p>liam5ts ( our k+dom h repeat$ly condemn$ ^! abom9able decisions ( abom9able !ologians4#be ,! blood ( ,h5ry ! ,great ,,iv4 0 /ill w>m :5 ! ,p>lem5t de ,p>is issu$ a decree mak+ ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,cr[n a fundam5tal law4 ,c>d9al ,dup]ron1 :o ow$ 8 position to ,h5ry ! ,great1 arose 9 ! ,/ates ( #afad aga9/ ! decree ( ! ,p>lem5t1 & _h x suppress$4 ,all ! j\rnals ( ! "t record ! t]ms :i* ,dup]ron us$ 9 8 disc\rse3 8,if a pr9ce became an ,arian10 he said1 8we %\ld be oblig$ to depose him40 ,let u be all[$ to say t e citiz5 is entitl$ to inh]it 8 fa!r's prop]ty1 & t we d n see :y he %\ld be depriv$ ( x1 & dragg$ to ! gibbet1 because he takes sides ) "o !ologian aga9/ ano!r4 ,we "k t our dogmas 7 n always cle>ly expla9$ & univ]sally receiv$ 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,*ri/ n hav+ said 9 :at mann] ! ,holy ,gho/ proce$$1 ! ,lat9 ,*ur* long believ$ ) ! ,greek t he proce$$ f ! ,fa!r only2 aft] a "t x add$1 9 ! ,cre$1 t he also proce$$ f ! ,son4 ,i ask :e!r1 ! day aft] ?is decision1 any citiz5 :o pref]r$ to keep to ! old =mula des]v$ to be put to dea?8 ,b is x less unju/ & cruel to puni% to-day ! man :o ?9ks z p ?\ght 9 =m] times8 ,7 m5 guilty 9 ! days ( ,honorius ,i4 because !y did n believe t ,jesus _h two wills8 ,x is n long s9ce ! ,immaculate ,conception began to be g5]ally accept$2 ! ,dom9icans /ill refuse to believe x4#bf ,at :at p>ticul> date w ^! ,dom9icans incur ! p5alties ( h]esy 9 ?is _w & ! next8 ,if we ne$ a lesson h[ to behave 9 ^! int]m9able disputes1 we %\ld look to ! apo/les & evangeli/s4 ,!re 0 gr\nd = a viol5t s*ism betwe5 ,pet] & ,paul1 & ,paul )/ood ,pet] to ! face1 b ! controv]sy 0 peacefully settl$4 ,! evangeli/s 9 turn _h a great field ( combat1 if !y _h resembl$ mod]n writ]s4 ,!y contradict ea* o!r frequ5tly2 yet we f9d no diss5sion among _! foll[]s ov] ^! contradictions1 & !y are neatly reconcil$ by ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4 ,/4 ,paul1 9 8 epi/le to a few ,jews at ,rome :o _h be5 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity1 says at ! end ( ! ?ird *apt] t fai? alone glorifies1 & works ju/ify no "o4 ,/4 ,james1 on ! contr>y1 9 8 epi/le 7*4 ii47 says con/antly t "o _c be sav$ )\t works4 ,"h is a po9t t has sep>at$ two great sects among u1 yet made no division among ! apo/les4 ,if ! p]secution ( ^? ) :om we dispute 7 a holy action1 ! man :o _h kill$ mo/ h]etics w\ld be ! greate/ sa9t 9 ,p>adise4 ,:at a poor figure ! man :o _h be5 cont5t to despoil & imprison 8 bro!rs w\ld cut by ! side ( ! zealot :o _h sla9 hundr$s ( !m on ,/4 ,b>?olomew's day6 ,"h is a pro( ( x4 ,! successor ( ,/4 ,pet] & 8 consi/ory _c err4 ,!y approv$1 acclaim$1 & consecrat$ ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew4 ,!re=e ?is de$ 0 holy2 & !re=e ( two assass9s :o 7 equal 9 piety "o :o _h kill$ tw5ty-f\r ,hugu5ot wom5 w\ld h d\ble ! glory ( ! man :o _h kill$ only a doz54 ,by ! same reason+ ! fanatics ( ,cvnes w\ld h gr\nd to believe t !y w\ld be elevat$ 9 glory 9 proportion to ! numb] ( prie/s1 monks1 & ,ca?olic wom5 !y _h sla94 ,x is a /range title to glory 9 heav54 ,,:e!r ,,intol]ance ,,0 ,,( ,,div9e ,,"r ,,9 ,,judaism1 ,,& ,,:e!r ,,x ,,0 ,,always ,,practis$4#bg ,div9e "r means1 ,i believe1 ! precepts :i* ,god himself has giv54 ,he ord]$ t ! ,jews %\ld eat a lamb cook$ ) lettuces1 & t ! eat]s %\ld /&1 ) a /ick 9 _! h&s1 9 commemoration ( ! ,passov]2 he comm&$ t 9 ! consecration ( ! high-prie/ blood %\ld be appli$ to 8 "r e>1 "r h&1 & "r foot4 ,!y seem curi\s cu/oms to u1 b !y 7 n to antiquity4 ,he ord]$ !m to put ! iniquities ( ! p on ! goat hazazel1 & =bade !m to eat scaleless fi%es1 h>es1 h$gehogs1 owls1 griff9s1 etc4 ,he in/itut$ fea/s & c]emonies4 ,all ^! ?+s1 :i* seem arbitr>y to o!r nations1 & a matt] ( positive law & usage1 be+ ord]$ by ,god himself1 became a div9e law to ! ,jews1 j z :atev] ,*ri/ ord]$ is a div9e law = u4 ,let u n inquire :y ,god sub/itut$ a new law = t :i* he gave to ,moses1 & :y he laid m comm&m5ts on ,moses ?an on ,abraham1 & m on ,abraham ?an on ,noah4 ,x seems t he deigns to accommodate himself to ! times & ! /ate ( ! human race4 ,x is a k9d ( pat]nal gradation4 ,b ^! abysses are too deep = our feeble sight4 ,let u keep to our subject1 & see fir/ :at intol]ance 0 among ! ,jews4 ,x is true t 9 ,exodus1 ,numb]s1 ,leviticus1 & ,deut]onomy !re are v sev]e laws1 & ev5 m sev]e puni%m5ts1 9 connection ) religion4 ,_m comm5tators f9d a difficulty 9 reconcil+ ! words ( ,moses ) ! words ( ,j]emiah & ,amos1 & ^? ( ! celebrat$ spee* ( ,/4 ,/eph5 9 ,acts4 ,amos says t 9 ! des]ts ! ,jews wor%ipp$ ,molo*1 ,rempham1 & ,kium4 ,j]emiah says explicitly 7vii41 #ab7 t ,god ask$ no sacrifice ( _! fa!rs :5 !y came out ( ,egypt4 ,/4 ,/eph5 says 9 8 spee* to ! ,jews 7,acts vii41 #db73 8,!n ,god turn$ & gave !m up to wor%ip ! ho/ ( heav52 z x is writt5 9 ! book ( ! prophets1 ,o ye h\se ( ,israel1 h ye (f]$ to me sla9 bea/s & sacrifices = ! space ( =ty ye>s 9 ! wild]ness8 ,yea1 ye took up ! tab]nacle ( ,molo*1 & ! /> ( y\r god ,rempham40 ,o!r critics inf] t ^! gods 7 tol]at$ by ,moses1 & !y quote ^! words ( ,deut]onomy 7xii41 #h73 8,:5 ye are 9 ! l& ( ,canaan1 ye %all n d all ! ?+s t we d "h ?is day1 :]e e man does :at he pleases40 ,!y f9d enc\ragem5t 9 ! fact t no?+ is said ( any religi\s act ( ! p 9 ! des]t1 & !re is no m5tion ( ,passov]1 ,p5teco/1 ,fea/ ( ,tab]nacles1 or public pray] 9 any %ape4 ,circumcision1 moreov]1 ! seal ( ! cov5ant1 0 n practis$4 ,x is en\gh1 x seems to me1 t x is prov$ by ,holy ,scripture t1 9 spite ( ! extraord9>y puni%m5t inflict$ on ! ,jews on acc\nt ( ! cult ( ,apis1 !y _h complete lib]ty = a long "t4 ,possibly ! massacre ( tw5ty-?ree ?\s& m5 by ,moses = wor%ipp+ ! gold5 calf set up by 8 bro!r l$ him to appreciate t no?+ 0 ga9$ by sev]ity1 & induc$ him to close 8 eyes to ! p's passion = /range gods4 ,sometimes he seems to transgress 8 own law4 ,he =bade ! mak+ ( images1 yet set up a braz5 s]p5t4 ,we f9d ano!r deviation f ! law 9 ! temple ( ,solomon4 ,he _h twelve ox5 c>v$ to su/a9 ! great bas9 ( ! temple1 & 9 ! ark 7 plac$ *]ubim ) ! heads ( eagles & calves4 ,x seems to h be5 ?is calf-head1 badly made1 & f\nd 9 ! temple by ,roman soldi]s1 :i* l$ to ! belief t ! ,jews wor%ipp$ an ass4 ,! wor%ip ( =eign gods 0 va9ly prohibit$4 ,solomon 0 q at 8 ease 9 idolatry4 ,j]oboam1 to :om ,god _h giv5 t5 p>ts ( ! k+dom1 set up two gold5 calves1 & rul$ = tw5ty-two ye>s1 unit+ 9 8 p]son ! dignities ( mon>* & pontiff4 ,! little k+dom ( ,judah "u ,rehoboam rais$ alt>s & /atues to =eign gods4 ,! holy k+ ,asa did n de/roy ! high places4 ,! high-prie/ ,urijah erects 9 ! temple1 9 ! place ( ! alt> ( holocau/s1 an alt> to ! k+ ( ,syria 7#b ,k+s1 xvi474 ,9 a ^w1 !re seems to be no real re/ra9t 9 matt]s ( religion4 ,i "k t ! majority ( ! ,jewi% k+s murd]$ ea* o!r1 b t 0 always to fur!r a mat]ial int]e/1 n on acc\nt ( belief4#bh ,x is true t "s ( ! prophets secur$ ! int]e/ ( heav5 9 _! v5geance4 ,elias br\ght d[n fire f heav5 to consume ! prie/s ( ,baal4 ,eli%a caus$ =ty-two be>s to dev\r ! *ildr5 :o comm5t$ on 8 baldness4 ,b ^! are r>e miracles1 & facts t x w\ld be r h>d to wi% to imitate4 ,x is also object$ t ! ,jewi% p 7 v ignorant & b>b>ic4 ,9 ! w> ) ! ,midianites ,moses ord]$ t all ! male *ildr5 & _! mo!rs %\ld be sla9 & ! booty divid$4 ,"s comm5tators ev5 argue t ?irty-two girls 7 sacrific$ to ! ,"l3 8,! ,"l's tribute 0 ?irty & two p]sons virg9s0 7,numb]s xxxii41 #dj74 ,t ! ,jews did (f] human sacrifices is se5 9 ! /ory ( ,jeph?ah ,judges xi41 #ci1 & ! cutt+-up ( ,k+ ,agag by ! prie/ ,samuel4 ,ezekiel ev5 promises t !y w eat human fle%3 8,ye %all eat ! horse & ! rid]2 ye %all dr9k ! blood ( pr9ces40 ,"s comm5tators apply two v]ses ( ?is prophecy to ! ,jews !mselves1 & ! o!rs to ! c>nivor\s bea/s4 ,we d n f9d 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( ?is p any m>k ( g5]osity1 magnanimity1 or b5efic5ce2 yet "s ray ( tol]ation escapes always f ! cl\d ( _! long & frightful b>b>ism4 ,! /ory ( ,micah & ! ,levite1 told 9 *apt]s xvii4 & xviii4 ( ,judges1 is ano!r inconte/able pro( ( ! great lib]ty & tol]ation t prevail$ among ! ,jews4 ,micah's wife1 a ri* ,ephraimite woman1 _h lo/ elev5 hundr$ pieces ( silv]4 ,h] son re/or$ !m to h]1 & %e devot$ !m to ! ,"l1 mak+ images ( him1 & built a small *apel4 ,a ,levite s]v$ ! *apel1 receiv+ t5 pieces ( silv]1 a tunic1 & a cloak e ye>1 besides 8 food2 & ,micah said3 8,n[ "k ,i ! ,"l w d me good1 see+ ,i h a ,levite to my prie/0 7xvii41 #ac74 ,h[ev]1 six hundr$ m5 ( ! tribe ( ,dan1 :o want$ to seize "s village ( ! di/rict to settle 91 & _h no prie/-,levite to secure ! fav\r ( ,god = _! ent]prise1 w5t to ,micah's h\se1 & took ! ephod1 idols1 & ,levite1 9 spite ( ! remon/rances ( ! prie/ & ! cries ( ,micah & 8 "m4 ,!y !n proce$$ ) confid5ce to attack ! village ( ,lais1 & put ev]y?+ 9 x to fire & sword1 z 0 _! cu/om4 ,!y gave ! "n ( ,dan to ,lais 9 hon\r ( _! victory1 & set ,micah's idol on an alt>2 &1 :at is /ill m rem>kable1 ,jona?an1 gr&son ( ,moses1 0 ! high prie/ ( ?is temple1 9 :i* ! ,god ( ,israel & ,micah's idol 7 wor%ipp$4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,gideon ! ,hebrews wor%ipp$ ,baal-b]i? = ne>ly tw5ty ye>s1 & gave up ! cult ( ,adonai2 & no lead] or judge or prie/ cri$ = v5geance4 ,_! crime 0 great1 ,i admit2 b if su* idolatry 0 tol]at$1 h[ mu* ! m easily %\ld we tol]ate diff]5ces )9 ! prop] cult4 ,"s allege z a pro( ( intol]ance t1 :5 ! ,"l himself _h all[$ 8 ark to be tak5 by ! ,phili/9es 9 a battle1 ! only puni%m5t he inflict$ on ! ,phili/9es 0 a secret disease1 resembl+ hemorrhoids1 ! ov]?r[+ ( ! /atue ( ,dagon1 & ! s5d+ ( a numb] ( rats into _! c\ntry4 ,& :5 ! ,phili/9es1 to appease 8 ang]1 _h s5t back ! ark1 drawn by two c[s1 :i* _h calves1 & (f]$ to ,god five gold5 rats & five gold5 anuses1 ! ,"l slew sev5ty eld]s ( ,israel & fifty ?\s& ( ! p = look+ at ! ark4 ,! answ] is pla91 !re=e3 ! ,"l's *a/isem5t is n connect$ ) belief1 or diff]5ce ( cult1 or idolatry4 ,_h ! ,"l wi%$ to puni% idolatry1 he w\ld h sla9 all ! ,phili/9es :o d>$ to take 8 ark1 & :o wor%ipp$ ,dagon2 b he slew in/ead fifty ?\s& & sev5ty m5 ( 8 own p m]ely because !y look$ at an ark at :i* !y ought n to h look$4 ,s diff]5t are ! laws1 ! morals1 & ! economy ( ! ,jews f any?+ t we "k to-day2 s f> are ! inscrutable ways ( ,god above our own6 ,h[ev]1 ,god is n puni%+ a =eign cult1 b a pr(anation ( 8 own1 an indiscreet curiosity1 an act ( disob$i5ce1 possibly a _s ( revolt4 ,we realise t su* *a/isem5ts belong to ,god only 9 ! ,jewi% !ocracy4 ,we _c repeat too (t5 t ^! times & ways h no relation to our own4 ,aga91 :5 9 lat] ye>s ! idolatr\s ,naaman ask$ ,eli%a if he 7 all[$ to accompany 8 k+ to ! temple ( ,rimmon1 & wor%ip ) him1 ,eli%a--! man :o caus$ *ildr5 to be dev\r$ by be>s--m]ely said1 8,g 9 peace40 ,m rem>kable /ill is ! fact t ! ,"l ord]s ,j]emiah to put cords & yokes r\nd 8 neck1 & s5d !m to ! k+s ( ,moab1 ,ammon1 ,edom1 ,tyre1 & ,sidon1 say+1 on ! "p ( ! ,"l3 8,i h giv5 all y\r l&s to ,nebu*adnezz>1 k+ ( ,babylon1 my s]vant40 ,"h we h an idolatr\s k+ decl>$ to be ! s]vant & fav\rite ( ,god4 ,! same ,j]emiah1 :om ! petty k+ ( ! ,jews1 ,z$ekiah1 _h put 9 prison & !n p>don$1 advises ! k+1 on ! "p ( ,god1 to surr5d] to ! k+ ( ,babylon4 ,?us ,god takes ! "p ( an idolatr\s k+4 ,he gives him possession ( ! ark1 ! m]e sight ( :i* _h co/ fifty ?\s& & sev5ty ,jews _! lives1 ! holy ( holies1 & ! re/ ( ! temple1 ! build+ ( :i* _h co/ a hundr$ & eight ?\s& gold tal5ts1 a million & sev5te5 ?\s& silv] tal5ts1 & t5 ?\s& gold dra*mas1 left by ,david & 8 (fic]s = ! con/ruction ( ! h\se ( ! ,"l2 :i*1 )\t c\nt+ ! funds us$ by ,solomon1 am\nts to n9ete5 ?\s& & sixty-two million francs1 or !reab\ts1 ( our money m ?an #gej1jjj1jjj4 ,nev] 0 idolatry s signally rew>d$6 ,i am aw>e t ! figure is exagg]at$1 & may be due to a copyi/2 b if y r$uce ! sum by half1 or to a f\r? or an eigh?1 x is /ill a/oni%+4 ,"o is h>dly less surpris$ at ! weal? :i* ,h]odotus says he saw 9 ! temple ( ,ephesus4 ,b treasures are no?+ 9 ! eyes ( ,god2 ! title ( 8 8s]vant10 :i* is giv5 to ,nebu*adnezz>1 is ! only real treasure4 ,god is equally fav\rable to ,kir1 or ,kore%1 or ,kosroes1 :om we call ,cyrus4 ,he calls him 88 ,*ri/10 88 ,ano9t$10 al?\gh he 0 n ano9t$ 9 ! ord9>y mean+ ( ! ^w1 & he foll[$ ! religion ( ,zoroa/]2 he calls him 8 8%eph]d10 ?\gh he 0 a usurp] 9 ! eyes ( m54 ,!re is no great] m>k ( pr$ilection 9 ! :ole ( ,scripture4 ,y read 9 ,mala*i t 8f ! ea/ to ! we/ ! "n ( ,god is great among ! nations1 & pure oblations are ev]y:]e (f]$ to him40 ,god takes z mu* c>e ( ! idolatr\s ,n9evites z ( ! ,jews2 he ?reat5s & p>dons !m4 ,mel*iz$e*1 :o 0 n a ,jew1 sacrific$ to ,god4 ,! idolatr\s ,balaam 0 a prophet4 ,scripture %[s1 !re=e1 t ,god n only tol]at$ o!r peoples1 b took a pat]nal c>e ( !m4 ,& we d>e to be intol]ant6 ,,extreme ,,tol]ance ,,( ,,! ,,jews ,h5ce bo? "u ,moses1 ! judges1 & ! k+s y f9d con/ant in/ances ( tol]ation4 ,moses says sev]al times 7,exodus xx47 t 8,god puni%es ! fa!rs 9 ! *ildr51 d[n to ! f\r? g5]ation02 & x 0 necess>y ?us to ?reat5 a p to :om ,god _h n reveal$ ! immortality ( ! s\l1 or ! puni%m5ts & rew>ds ( ano!r life4 ,^! tru?s 7 n made kn[n ei!r 9 ! ,decalogue or any "p ( ,leviticus or ,deut]onomy4 ,!y 7 dogmas ( ! ,p]sians1 ,babylonians1 ,egyptians1 ,greeks1 & ,cretans2 b !y by no means =m$ "p ( ! ,jewi% religion4 ,moses does n say3 8,hon\r ?y fa!r & ?y "m if ?\ w\ld/ g to heav502 b3 8,hon\r ?y fa!r & ?y "m1 t ?\ may/ live long on ! e>?40 ,he ?reat5s ! ,jews only ) bodily maladies & o!r mat]ial evils4 ,n[h]e does he tell !m t _! immortal s\ls w be tortur$ aft] dea? or be rew>d$4 ,god1 :o himself l$ 8 p1 puni%$ or rew>d$ !m at once = _! good or bad actions4 ,ev]y?+ 0 temporal4 ,^? :o ignorantly ma9ta9 t ,moses taught ! immortality ( ! s\l /rip ! ,new ,te/am5t ( "o ( its greate/ advantages ov] ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! law ( ,moses spoke only ( temporal *a/isem5t1 d[n to ! f\r? g5]ation4 ,h[ev]1 9 spite ( ! precise =mulation ( ?is law & ! express decl>ation ( ,god t he w\ld puni% d[n to ! f\r? g5]ation1 ,ezekiel ann\nces ! v opposite to ! ,jews4 ,he says 7xviii41 #bj7 t ! son w n be> ! iniquity ( 8 fa!r2 & he ev5 goes s f> z to make ,god say t he _h giv5 !m 8/atutes t 7 n good0 7xx41 #be74 ,! book ( ,ezekiel 0 nev]!less ins]t$ 9 ! canon ( inspir$ writ]s4 ,x is true t ! synagogue did n all[ any "o to read x until he 0 ?irty ye>s old1 z ,/4 ,j]ome tells u2 b t 0 9 ord] t "y m5 might n make evil use ( ! too c&id pictures ( vice 9 *apt]s xvi4 & xxiii4 ,! book 0 always receiv$1 9 spite ( ! fact t x expressly contradict$ ,moses4 ,:5 ! immortality ( ! s\l 0 at l5g? admitt$1 :i* probably began ab\t ! "t ( ! ,babylonian captivity1 ! ,sadducees cont9u$ to believe t !re 7 no puni%m5ts & rew>ds aft] dea?1 & t ! p[] ( feel+ & ?9k+ p]i%$ ) u1 l ! p[] ( walk+ & dige/+4 ,!y d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( angels4 ,!y diff]$ f ! o!r ,jews mu* m ?an ,prote/ants diff] f ,ca?olics1 yet !y rema9$ 9 ! communion ( _! bre?r54 ,"s ( _! sect ev5 became high-prie/s4 ,! ,ph>isees believ$ 9 fatalism & metempsy*osis4 ,! ,ess5ians ?\ght t ! s\ls ( ! j w5t to ! ,=tunate ,isl&s1 & ^? ( ! wick$ into a k9d ( ,t>t>us4 ,!y (f]$ no sacrifices1 & met 9 a special synagogue4 ,?us1 :5 we look closely into ,judaism1 we are a/oni%$ to f9d ! greate/ tol]ation 9 ! mid/ ( ! mo/ b>b>ic horrors4 ,x is a contradiction1 we mu/ admit2 ne>ly all nations h be5 rul$ by contradictions4 ,happy ! contradiction t br+s g5tl] ways into a p ) bloody laws4 ,,:e!r ,,intol]ance ,,0 ,,taught ,,by ,,*ri/ ,let u n[ see :e!r ,jesus ,*ri/ set up sangu9>y laws1 enjo9$ intol]ance1 ord]$ ! build+ ( dungeons ( ! inquisition1 or in/itut$ bodies ( execution]s4 ,!re are1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 few passages 9 ! gospels f :i* ! p]secut+ _s might d$uce t intol]ance & con/ra9t are lawful4 ,"o is ! p>able 9 :i* ! k+dom ( heav5 is comp>$ to a k+ :o invites 8 fri5ds to ! w$d+-fea/ ( 8 son 7,mat!w xxii474 ,! k+ says to !m1 by means ( 8 s]vants3 8,my ox5 & my fatl+s are kill$1 & all ?+s are ready4 ,come unto ! m>riage40 ,"s g (f to _! c\ntry h\ses1 )\t tak+ any notice ( ! invitation2 o!rs g ab\t _! bus9ess2 o!rs assault & slay ! k+'s s]vants4 ,! k+ s5ds 8 army aga9/ ! murd]]s1 & de/roys _! t[n4 ,he !n s5ds out on ! high road to br+ 9 to ! fea/ all :o c be f\nd4 ,"o ( ^! sits at table )\t a w$d+ dress1 & is put 9 irons & ca/ into out] d>kness4 ,x is cle> t1 z ?is allegory conc]ns only ! k+dom ( heav51 x c]ta9ly does n give a man ! "r to /rangle or put 9 jail a neighb\r :o comes to sup ) him n we>+ a fe/ive g>m5t4 ,i d n rememb] read+ any:]e 9 hi/ory ( a pr9ce :o _h a c\rti] arre/$ on t gr\nd4 ,x is h>dly m probable t1 if an emp]or s5t 8 pages to tell ! pr9ces ( 8 empire t he _h kill$ 8 fatl+s & invit$ !m to supp]1 ! pr9ces w\ld kill ! pages4 ,! invitation to ! fea/ means selection = salvation2 ! murd] ( ! k+'s envoys repres5ts ! p]secution ( ^? :o prea* wisdom & virtue4 ,! o!r p>able 7,luke xiv47 tells ( a man :o invites 8 fri5ds to a gr& supp]4 ,:5 he is ready to sit at table1 he s5ds 8 s]vant to in=m !m4 ,"o pleads t he has b\ght an e/ate1 & mu/ g to visit x2 z "o does n usually g to see an e/ate dur+ ! night1 ! excuse does n hold4 ,ano!r says t he has b\ght five pairs ( ox51 & mu/ try !m2 8 excuse is z weak z ! prec$+--"o does n try ox5 dur+ ! night4 ,a ?ird replies t he has j m>ri$2 & t1 assur$ly1 is a good excuse4 ,!n ! hold] ( ! banquet angrily summons ! bl9d & ! lame to ! fea/1 &1 see+ t !re are /ill empty places1 says to 8 valet3 8,g out into ! highways & h$ges1 & compel !m to come 940 ,x is true t ?is p>able is n expressly said to be a figure ( ! k+dom ( heav54 ,!re has1 unhappily1 be5 too mu* abuse ( ^! words1 8,compel !m to come 902 b x is obvi\s t a s+le valet c\ld n =cibly compel all ! p he meets to come & sup ) 8 ma/]4 ,moreov]1 compulsory gue/s ( ?is sort w\ld n make ! d9n] v agreeable4 ,accord+ to ! weightie/ comm5tators1 8,compel !m to come 90 m]ely means 8,beg1 entreat1 & press !m to come 940 ,:at1 ,i ask y1 h ?is entreaty & supp] to d ) p]secution8 ,if y want to take ?+s lit]ally1 w y say t a man mu/ be bl9d & lame1 & compell$ by =ce1 to be 9 ! bosom ( ! ,*ur*8 ,jesus says 9 ! same p>able3 8,:5 ?\ make/ a d9n] or a supp]1 call n ?y fri5ds1 nor ?y bre?r51 nei!r ?y k9sm51 nor ?y ri* neighb\rs40 ,has any "o ev] inf]r$ f ?is t we mu/ n d9e ) our k9sm5 & fri5ds :5 !y h acquir$ a little money8 ,aft] ! p>able ( ! fea/ ,*ri/ says 7,luke xiv4 #bf73 8,if any man come to me1 & hate n 8 fa!r1 & "m1 & wife1 & *ildr51 & bre?r51 & si/]s1 yea1 & 8 own life also1 he _c be my disciple4444 ,= :i* ( y1 int5d+ to build a t[]1 sitte? n d[n fir/ & c\nte? ! co/80 ,is !re anybody 9 ! _w s unnatural z to conclude t "o mu/ hate "o's fa!r & "m8 ,is x n cle> t ! mean+ is3 ,d n hesitate betwe5 me & y\r de>e/ affections8 ,! passage 9 ,mat!w 7xviii41 #ag7 is quot$3 8,if he neglect to he> ! ,*ur*1 let him be unto !e z an hea!n man & a publican40 ,t does n absolutely say t we mu/ p]secute pagans & ! f>m]s ( ! k+'s taxes2 !y are curs$1 x is true1 b !y are n h&$ ov] to ! secul> arm4 ,in/ead ( ! pr]ogatives ( citiz5%ip be+ tak5 f ^! f>m]s ( taxes1 !y h receiv$ ! greate/ privileges4 ,x is ! only pr(ession t is condemn$ 9 ,scripture1 & ! "o mo/ 9 fav\r ) gov]nm5ts4 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld we n be z indulg5t to our err+ bre?r5 z to ! tax-ga!r]s8 ,! p]secut+ _s fur!r seeks a ju/ification ( itself 9 ! driv+ ( ! m]*ants f ! temple & ! s5d+ ( a legion ( demons f ! body ( a possess$ man into ! bodies ( two ?\s& unclean animals4 ,b :o c fail to see t ^! are in/ances ( ! ju/ice :i* ,god deigns to r5d] to himself = ! contrav5tion ( 8 law8 ,x 0 a lack ( respect = ! h\se ( ! ,"l to *ange its purview into a m]*ant's %op4 ,x is no use say+ t ! ,sanh$rim & ! prie/s p]mitt$ ?is only = ! sake ( ! sacrifices4 ,! ,god to :om ! sacrifices 7 made might assur$ly de/roy ?is pr(anation1 ?\gh he 0 hidd5 9 a human =m2 he might also puni% ^? :o introduc$ into ! c\ntry su* enorm\s h]ds ( animals =bidd5 by a law :i* he deign$ to obs]ve himself4 ,^! cases h no relation :atev] to p]secution on acc\nt ( dogma4 ,! _s ( intol]ance mu/ be v poor 9 argum5t to appeal to su* fooli% pretexts4 ,ne>ly all ! re/ ( ! words & actions ( ,*ri/ brea! g5tl5ess1 pati5ce1 & indulg5ce4 ,he does n ev5 break out aga9/ ,judas1 :o mu/ betray him2 he comm&s ,pet] nev] to use ! sword2 he reproa*es ! *ildr5 ( ,zeb$ee1 :o1 aft] ! example ( ,elias1 want$ to br+ fire f heav5 on a t[n t refus$ !m %elt]4 ,9 ! end ,*ri/ succumb$ to ! wick$4 ,if "o may v5ture to comp>e ! sacr$ ) ! pr(ane--,god ) a man--8 dea?1 humanly speak+1 _h "s resemblance to ! dea? ( ,socrates4 ,! ,greek philosoph] 0 a victim to ! hatr$ ( ! sophi/s1 prie/s1 & lead]s ( ! p2 ! legislator ( ! ,*ri/ians 0 de/roy$ by ! ,scribes1 ,ph>isees1 & prie/s4 ,socrates might h escap$ dea?1 & w\ld n2 ,jesus ,*ri/ (f]$ himself volunt>ily4 ,! ,greek philosoph] n only p>don$ 8 calumniators & 8 wick$ judges1 b begg$ !m to treat 8 *ildr5 9 ! same way if !y %\ld ev] be s =tunate z1 l himself1 to incur _! hatr$2 ! legislator ( ! ,*ri/ians1 inf9itely sup]ior1 begg$ 8 fa!r to =give 8 enemies4 ,if x be object$ t1 :ile ,socrates 0 calm1 ,jesus ,*ri/ seem$ to fe> dea?1 & suff]$ su* extreme angui% t he sweat$ blood--! /ronge/ & r>e/ symptom ( fe>--?is 0 because he deign$ to /oop to all ! weakness ( ! human body t he _h put on4 ,8 body trembl$--8 s\l 0 inv9cible4 ,he taught u t true /r5g? & gr&eur consi/ 9 support+ ! evils "u :i* our nature succumbs4 ,x is a spl5did act ( c\rage to meet dea? :ile y fe> x4 ,socrates _h treat$ ! sophi/s z ignorant m51 & conv9c$ !m ( bad fai?2 ,jesus1 us+ 8 div9e rights1 treat$ ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees z hypocrites1 fools1 bl9d & wick$ m51 s]p5ts1 & vip]s4 ,ne$ ,i n[ ask :e!r x is tol]ance or intol]ance t is ( div9e "r8 ,if y wi% to foll[ ,jesus ,*ri/1 be m>tyrs1 n execution]s4 ,,! ,,only ,,cases ,,9 ,,:i* ,,intol]ance ,,is ,,humanly ,,lawful ,= a gov]nm5t to h ! "r to puni% ! errors ( m5 x is necess>y t _! errors mu/ take ! =m ( crime2 !y d n take ! =m ( crime unless !y di/urb$ society2 !y di/urb society :5 !y eng5d] fanaticism2 h5ce m5 mu/ avoid fanaticism 9 ord] to des]ve tol]ation4 ,if a few "y ,jesuits1 kn[+ t ! ,*ur* has condemn$ ! ,jans5i/s1 proce$ to burn a h\se ( ! ,oratorian prie/s because ! ,oratorian ,quesnel 0 a ,jans5i/1 x is cle> t ^! ,jesuits ought to be puni%$4 ,aga91 if ! ,jesuits h act$ ^u improp] maxims1 & _! in/itute is contr>y to ! laws ( ! k+dom1 _! society mu/ be dissolv$1 & ! ,jesuits mu/ be aboli%$ & turn$ into citiz5s4 ,! evil done to !m is imag9>y--! good is real4 ,:at h>d%ip is !re 9 we>+ a %ort coat in/ead ( a long black robe1 & be+ free in/ead ( be+ a slave8 ,if ! ,franciscan monks1 c>ri$ away by a holy zeal = ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 g & de/roy a ,dom9ican conv5t1 because ! ,dom9icans believe t ,m>y 0 born 9 orig9al s91 x w be necess>y to treat ! ,franciscans 9 mu* ! same way z ! ,jesuits4 ,we may say ! same ( ! ,lu!rans & ,calv9i/s4 ,x is useless = !m to say t !y foll[ ! prompt+s ( _! consci5ces1 t x is bett] to obey ,god ?an m51 or t !y are ! true flock1 & mu/ ext]m9ate ! wolves4 ,9 su* cases !y are wolves !mselves4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable examples ( fanaticism is f\nd 9 a small ,dani% sect1 ^: pr9ciple 0 excell5t4 ,!y desir$ to secure et]nal salvation = _! bre?r52 b ! consequ5ces ( ! pr9ciple 7 peculi>4 ,!y knew t all infants :i* die unbaptis$ are damn$1 & t ^? :i* are s =tunate z to die imm$iately aft] baptism enjoy et]nal glory4 ,!y !re=e proce$$ to kill all ! newly-baptis$ boys & girls t !y c\ld f9d4 ,no d\bt ?is 0 a way ( secur+ = !m ! highe/ conceivable happ9ess & pres]v+ !m f ! s9 & mis]y ( ?is life4 ,b ^! *>itable folk =got t x is n lawful to d a little evil t a great good may foll[2 t !y _h no "r to ! lives ( ^! *ildr52 t ! majority ( p>5ts are c>nal en\gh to pref] to keep _! *ildr5 r ?an see !m sla9 9 ord] to ent] p>adise2 & t ! magi/rate has to puni% homicide1 ev5 :5 x is done ) a good int5tion4 ,! ,jews w\ld seem to h a bett] "r ?an any to rob & kill u4 ,?\gh !re are a hundr$ in/ances ( tol]ation 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 !re are also "s in/ances & laws ( sev]ity4 ,god has at times comm&$ !m to kill idolat]s1 & res]ve only ! m>riageable girls4 ,n[ !y reg>d u z idolat]s1 &1 al?\gh we tol]ate !m to-day1 x is possible t1 if !y became ma/]s1 !y w\ld suff] only our girls to live4 ,!y w\ld1 at lea/1 be absolutely compell$ to slay all ! ,turks1 because ! ,turks occupy ! l&s ( ! ,hittites1 ,jebusites1 ,amorrhans1 ,j]s5sans1 ,hevans1 ,aracans1 ,c9ans1 ,hamatans1 & ,sam>itans4 ,all ^! peoples 7 ana!matis$1 & _! c\ntry1 :i* 0 m ?an sev5ty-five miles long1 0 giv5 to ! ,jews 9 sev]al consecutive cov5ants4 ,!y ought to rega9 _! possessions1 :i* ! ,mohamm$ans h usurp$ = ! la/ ?\s& ye>s4 ,if ! ,jews 7 n[ to reason 9 ?is way1 x is cle> t ! only reply we %\ld make w\ld be to put !m 9 ! galleys4 ,^! are almo/ ! only cases 9 :i* intol]ance seems reasonable4 ,,acc\nt ,,( ,a ,,controv]sial ,,dispute ,,9 ,,*9a ,9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! reign ( ! great ,emp]or ,kam-hi a m&>9 ( ! city ( ,canton he>d f 8 h\se a great noise1 :i* proce$$ f ! next h\se4 ,he inquir$ if anybody 0 be+ kill$1 & 0 told t ! almon] ( ! ,dani% mission>y society1 a *apla9 f ,batavia1 & a ,jesuit 7 disput+4 ,he _h !m br\ght to 8 h\se1 put tea & sweets be=e !m1 & ask$ :y !y qu>rell$4 ,! ,jesuit repli$ t x 0 v pa9ful = him1 s9ce he 0 always "r1 to h to d ) m5 :o 7 always wrong2 t he _h at fir/ argu$ ) ! greate/ re/ra9t1 b _h at l5g? lo/ pati5ce4 ,! m&>91 ) ! utmo/ discretion1 rem9d$ !m t polit5ess 0 ne$$ 9 all discussion1 told !m t 9 ,*9a m5 nev] became angry1 & ask$ ! cause ( ! dispute4 ,! ,jesuit answ]$3 8,my "l1 ,i leave x to y to decide4 ,^! two g5tlem5 refuse to submit to ! decrees ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t40 8,i am a/oni%$10 said ! m&>94 ,!n1 turn+ to ! refractory pair1 he said3 8,g5tlem51 y ought to respect ! op9ions ( a l>ge ga!r+4 ,i d n "k :at ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t is1 b a numb] ( m5 are always bett] in=m$ ?an a s+le "o4 ,no "o ought to imag9e t he is bett] ?an o!rs1 & has a monopoly ( reason4 ,s our great ,confucius tea*es2 &1 believe me1 y w d well to submit to ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t40 ,! ,dane !n spoke4 8,my "l speaks ) ! greate/ wisdom10 he said2 8we respect great c\ncils1 z is prop]1 & !re=e we are 9 entire agreem5t ) sev]al t 7 held be=e ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t40 8,oh1 if t is ! case10 said ! m&>91 8,i beg y\r p>don4 ,y may be "r4 ,s y & ?is ,dut*man are ( ! same op9ion1 aga9/ ?is poor ,jesuit40 8,n a bit10 said ! ,dut*man4 8,?is fell['s op9ions are almo/ z extravagant z ^? ( ! ,jesuit yond]1 :o has be5 s v amiable to y4 ,i c't be> !m40 8,i don't und]/&10 said ! m&>94 8,are y n all ?ree ,*ri/ians8 ,h y n all ?ree come to tea* ,*ri/ianity 9 our empire8 ,ought y n1 !re=e1 to hold ! same dogmas80 8,x is ?is way1 my "l10 said ! ,jesuit2 8^! two are mortal enemies1 & are bo? aga9/ me4 ,h5ce x is cle> t !y are bo? wrong1 & ,i am "r40 8,t is n q cle>10 said ! m&>92 8/rictly speak+1 all ?ree ( y may be wrong4 ,i %\ld l to he> y all1 "o aft] ! o!r40 ,! ,jesuit !n made a r long spee*1 dur+ :i* ! ,dane & ! ,dut*man %rugg$ _! %\ld]s4 ,! m&>9 did n und]/& a ^w ( x4 ,!n ! ,dane spoke2 ! two oppon5ts reg>d$ ea* o!r ) pity1 & ! m&>9 aga9 fail$ to und]/&4 ,! ,dut*man _h ! same effect4 ,9 ! end !y all spoke toge!r & abus$ ea* o!r r\ndly4 ,! good m&>9 secur$ sil5ce ) great difficulty1 & said3 8,if y want u to tol]ate y\r tea*+ "h1 beg9 by be+ y\rselves nei!r intol]ant nor intol]able40 ,:5 !y w5t out ! ,jesuit met a ,dom9ican fri>1 & told him t he _h won1 add+ t tru? always triumph$4 ,! ,dom9ican said3 8,_h ,i be5 !re1 y w\ld n h won2 ,i %\ld h convict$ y ( ly+ & idolatry40 ,! qu>rel became w>m1 & ! ,jesuit & ,dom9ican took to pull+ ea* o!r's hair4 ,! m&>91 on he>+ ( ! sc&al1 s5t !m bo? to prison4 ,a sub-m&>9 said to ! judge3 8,h[ long does y\r excell5cy wi% !m to be kept 9 prison80 8,until !y agree10 said ! judge4 8,!n10 said ! sub-m&>91 8!y are 9 prison = life40 8,9 t case10 said ! judge1 8until !y =give ea* o!r40 8,!y w nev] =give ea* o!r10 said ! o!r2 8,i "k !m40 8,!n10 said ! m&>91 8let !m /op !re until !y pret5d to =give ea* o!r40 ,,:e!r ,,x ,,is ,,useful ,,to ,,ma9ta9 ,,! ,,p ,,9 ,,sup]/ition ,su* is ! weakness1 su* ! p]v]sity1 ( ! human race t x is bett]1 no d\bt1 = x to be subject to all conceivable sup]/itions1 provid$ !y be n murd]\s1 ?an to live )\t religion4 ,man has always ne$$ a curb2 &1 al?\gh x 0 ridicul\s to sacrifice to fauns or naiads1 x 0 mu* m reasonable & useful to wor%ip ^! fanta/ic images ( ! deity ?an to s9k into a!ism4 ,a viol5t a!i/ w\ld be z great a plague z a viol5t sup]/iti\s man4 ,:5 m5 h n s\nd ideas ( ! div9ity1 false ideas w take _! place2 j z1 9 ages ( impov]i%m5t1 :5 !re is n s\nd money1 p use bad co94 ,! pagan fe>$ to commit a crime le/ he %\ld be puni%$ by 8 false gods2 ! ,asiatic fe>s ! *a/isem5t ( 8 pagoda4 ,religion is necess>y :]ev] !re is a settl$ society4 ,! laws take c>e ( kn[n crimes2 religion wat*es secret crime4 ,b once m5 h come to embrace a pure & holy religion1 sup]/ition becomes1 n m]ely useless1 b dang]\s4 ,we mu/ n fe$ on acorns ^? to :om ,god (f]s bread4 ,sup]/ition is to religion :at a/rology is to a/ronomy--! mad daught] ( a wise "m4 ,^! daught]s h too long dom9at$ ! e>?4 ,:51 9 our ages ( b>b>ism1 !re 7 sc>cely two feudal lords :o _h a ,new ,te/am5t 9 _! homes1 x might be p>donable to press fables on ! vulg>2 t is to say1 on ^! feudal lords1 _! weak-m9d$ wives1 & _! brutal vassals4 ,!y 7 l$ to believe t ,/4 ,*ri/oph] _h c>ri$ ! infant ,jesus across a riv]2 !y 7 f$ ) /ories ( sorc]y & diabolical possession2 !y readily believ$ t ,/4 ,g5\ heal$ g\t1 & ,/4 ,claire sore eyes4 ,! *ildr5 believ$ 9 ! w]ewolf1 & _! p>5ts 9 ! girdle ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,! numb] ( relics 0 incalculable4 ,! s$im5t ( ^! sup]/itions rema9$ among ! p ev5 :5 religion _h be5 purifi$4 ,we "k t :5 ,m4 de ,noailles1 ,bi%op ( ,*alons1 remov$ & ?rew 9 ! fire ! pret5d$ relic ( ! sacr$ navel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ! t[n ( ,*alons took proce$+s aga9/ him4 ,b 8 c\rage 0 equal to 8 piety1 & he succe$$ 9 conv9c+ ! p t !y c\ld wor%ip ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 _s & tru? )\t hav+ 8 navel 9 _! *ur*4 ,! ,jans5i/s contribut$ n a little gradually to root out f ! m9d ( ! nation ! false ideas t di%on\r$ ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,p ceas$ to believe t x suffic$ to pray = ?irty days to ! ,virg9 to obta9 all t !y wi%$1 & s9 ) impunity4 ,9 ! end ! citiz5s began to suspect t x 0 n really ,/4 ,g5evieve :o gave or )held ra91 b ,god himself :o dispos$ ( ! elem5ts4 ,! monks 7 a/oni%$ to see t _! sa9ts no long] work$ miracles4 ,if ! writ]s ( ! life ( ,/4 ,francis ,xavi] return$ to ?is _w1 !y w\ld n d>e to say t ! sa9t rais$ n9e p f ! dead1 t he 0 9 two places at ! same "t1 & t1 :5 8 crucifix fell into ! sea1 a crab re/or$ x to him4 ,x is ! same ) excommunication4 ,hi/orians tell u t :5 ,k+ ,rob]t _h be5 excommunicat$ by ,pope ,gregory ,v41 = m>ry+ 8 godmo!r1 ! ,pr9cess ,b]?a1 8 s]vants ?rew out ( ! w9d[ ! meat s]v$ up to ! k+1 & ,que5 ,b]?a 0 deliv]$ ( a goose 9 puni%m5t ( ! ince/u\s m>riage4 ,i d\bt if 9 our "t ! wait]s ( ! k+ ( ,france w\ld1 if he 7 excommunicat$1 ?r[ 8 d9n] out ( ! w9d[1 & :e!r ! que5 w\ld give bir? to a gosl+4 ,!re rema91 x is true1 a few bigot$ fanatics 9 ! suburbs2 b ! disease1 l v]m91 attacks only ! l[e/ ( ! populace4 ,e day reason p5etrates f>!r into ,france1 into ! %ops ( m]*ants z well z ! mansions ( lords4 ,we mu/ cultivate ! fruits ( reason1 ! m will+ly s9ce x is n[ impossible to prev5t !m f develop+4 ,france1 enlight5$ by ,pascal1 ,nicole1 ,arnaud1 ,bossuet1 ,desc>tes1 ,gass5di1 ,bayle1 ,font5elle1 etc41 _c be rul$ z x 0 rul$ 9 e>li] times4 ,if ! ma/]s ( error--! gr& ma/]s--s long paid & hon\r$ = brutalis+ ! human species1 ord]$ u to-day to believe t ! se$ mu/ die 9 ord] to g]m9ate2 t ! e>? /&s motionless on its f\ndations--t x does n travel r\nd ! sun2 t ! tides are n a natural effect ( gravitation2 t ! ra9b[ is n due to ! refraction & reflection ( light1 etc41 & bas$ _! decrees on ill-und]/ood passages ( ,scripture1 we "k h[ !y w\ld be reg>d$ by educat$ m54 ,w\ld x be too mu* to call !m fools8 ,& if ^! ma/]s employ$ =ce & p]secution to secure ! asc5dancy ( _! insol5t ignorance1 w\ld x be improp] to speak ( !m z wild bea/s8 ,! m ! sup]/itions ( ! monks are despis$1 ! m ! bi%ops & prie/s are respect$2 :ile !y d good1 ! monki% sup]/itions f ,rome d no?+ b evil4 ,& ( all ^! sup]/itions1 is n ! mo/ dang]\s t ( hat+ "o's neighb\r on acc\nt ( 8 op9ions8 ,& is x n evid5t t x w\ld be ev5 m reasonable to wor%ip ! sacr$ navel1 ! sacr$ prepuce1 & ! milk & dress ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 ?an to dete/ & p]secute "o's bro!r8 ,,virtue ,,bett] ,,?an ,,sci5ce ,! less we h ( dogma1 ! less dispute2 ! less we h ( dispute1 ! less mis]y4 ,if t is n true1 ,i am wrong4 ,religion 0 in/itut$ to make u happy 9 ?is _w & ! next4 ,:at mu/ we d to be happy 9 ! next _w8 ,be j4#bi ,:at mu/ we d to be happy 9 ?is _w1 z f> z ! mis]y ( our nature all[s8 ,be indulg5t4 ,x w\ld be ! height ( folly to pret5d to br+ all m5 to h ! same ?\ghts 9 metaphysics4 ,x w\ld be easi] to subdue ! :ole univ]se by arms ?an to subdue all ! m9ds 9 a s+le city4 ,euclid easily p]suad$ all m5 ( ! tru?s ( geometry4 ,h[8 ,because e s+le "o ( !m is a coroll>y ( ! axiom1 8,two & two make f\r40 ,x is n exactly ! same 9 ! mixture ( metaphysics & !ology4 ,:5 ,bi%op ,alex&] & ! prie/ ,arius began 9 ! f\r? c5tury to dispute z to ! way 9 :i* ! ,logos emanat$ f ! ,fa!r1 ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e at fir/ wrote to !m z foll[s 7z we f9d 9 ,eusebius & ,socrates73 8,y are great fools to dispute ab\t ?+s y d n und]/&40 ,if ! two p>ties _h be5 wise en\gh to p]ceive t ! emp]or 0 "r1 ! ,*ri/ian _w w\ld n h be5 /a9$ ) blood = ?ree hundr$ ye>s4 ,:at1 inde$1 c be m /upid & m horrible ?an to say to m53 8,my fri5ds1 x is n en\gh to be loyal subjects1 submissive *ildr51 t5d] fa!rs1 j neighb\rs1 & to practise e virtue1 cultivate fri5d%ip1 avoid +ratitude1 & wor%ip ,*ri/ 9 peace2 y mu/1 9 addition1 "k h[ "o is eng5d]$ f all et]nity1 & h[ to di/+ui% ! homo\sion 9 ! hypo/asis1 or we %all condemn y to be burn$ = ev]1 & w meantime put y to dea?08 ,_h su* a proposition be5 made to ,ar*im$es1 or ,poseidonius1 or ,v>ro1 or ,cato1 or ,cic]o1 :at w\ld he h said8 ,con/ant9e did n p]sev]e 9 8 resolution to impose sil5ce on ! cont5d+ p>ties4 ,he might h invit$ ! lead]s ( ! pi\s fr5zy to 8 palace & ask$ !m :at au?ority !y _h to di/urb ! _w3 8,h y ! title-de$s ( ! div9e family8 ,:at does x matt] to y :e!r ! ,logos 0 made or eng5d]$1 provid$ m5 are loyal to him1 prea* a s\nd morality1 & practise x z f> z !y c8 ,i h done _m wrong ?+s 9 my "t1 & s h y4 ,y are ambiti\s1 s am ,i4 ,! empire has co/ me mu* knav]y & cruelty2 ,i h murd]$ ne>ly all my relatives4 ,i rep5t1 & w\ld expiate my crimes by re/or+ peace to ! ,roman ,empire4 ,d n prev5t me f do+ ! only good t c efface my e>li] b>b>ity4 ,help me to end my days 9 peace40 ,possibly he w\ld h _h no influ5ce on ! disputants2 possibly he w\ld h be5 flatt]$ to f9d himself1 9 long r$ robe1 8 head cov]$ ) jewels1 presid+ at a c\ncil4 ,yet ?is x 0 t op5$ ! gate to all ! plagues t came f ,asia ^u ! ,we/4 ,f e disput$ v]se ( ,scripture !re issu$ a fury1 arm$ ) a sophism & a sword1 t goad$ m5 to madness & cruelty4 ,! m>aud+ ,huns & ,go?s & ,v&als did inf9itely less h>m2 & ! greate/ h>m !y did 0 to jo9 !mselves 9 ^! fatal disputes4 ,,( ,,univ]sal ,,tol]ation ,"o does n ne$ great art & skilful eloqu5ce to prove t ,*ri/ians ought to tol]ate ea* o!r--nay1 ev5 to reg>d all m5 z bro!rs4 ,:y1 y say1 is ! ,turk1 ! ,*9ese1 or ! ,jew my bro!r8 ,assur$ly2 are we n all *ildr5 ( ! same fa!r1 creatures ( ! same ,god8 ,b ^! p despise u & treat u z idolat]s4 ,v well2 ,i w tell !m t !y are q wrong4 ,x seems to me t ,i might a/oni%1 at lea/1 ! /ubborn pride ( a ,mohamm$an or a ,buddhi/ prie/ if ,i spoke to !m some:at z foll[s3 ,?is little globe1 :i* is b a po9t1 travels 9 space l _m o!r globes2 we are lo/ 9 ! imm5sity4 ,man1 ab\t five feet high1 is c]ta9ly a small ?+ 9 ! univ]se4 ,"o ( ^! imp]ceptible be+s says to "s ( 8 neighb\rs1 9 ,arabia or ,s\? ,africa3 8,li/5 to me1 = ! ,god ( all ^! worlds has enlight5$ me4 ,!re are n9e hundr$ million little ants l u on ! e>?1 b my ant-hole alone is de> to ,god4 ,all ! o!rs are et]nally reprobat$ by him4 ,m9e alone w be happy40 ,!y w\ld !n int]rupt me1 & ask :o 0 ! fool t talk$ all ?is nons5se4 ,i %\ld be oblig$ to tell !m t x 0 !mselves4 ,i w\ld !n try to appease !m1 :i* w\ld be difficult4 ,i w\ld next address myself to ! ,*ri/ians1 & w\ld v5ture to say to1 = in/ance1 a ,dom9ican fri>--an inquisitor ( ! fai?3 8,bro!r1 y are aw>e t ea* prov9ce 9 ,italy has its own dialect1 & t p d n speak at ,v5ice & ,b]gamo z !y d at ,flor5ce4 ,! ,academy ( ,la ,crusca has fix$ ! language4 ,its diction>y is a rule t has to be foll[$1 & ! gramm> ( ,matei is an infallible guide4 ,b d y ?9k t ! consul ( ! ,academy1 or ,matei 9 8 abs5ce1 c\ld 9 consci5ce cut out ! tongues ( all ! ,v5etians & ! ,b]gamese :o p]si/$ 9 speak+ _! own dialect80 ,! inquisitor replies3 8,! two cases are v diff]5t4 ,9 our case x is a "q ( y\r et]nal salvation4 ,x is = y\r good t ! heads ( ! inquisition direct t y %all be seiz$ on ! in=mation ( any "o p]son1 h[ev] infam\s or crim9al2 t y %all h no advocate to def5d y2 t ! "n ( y\r accus] %all n be made kn[n to y2 t ! inquisitor %all promise y p>don & !n condemn y2 & t y %all !n be subject$ to five k9ds ( torture1 & aft]w>ds ei!r flogg$ or s5t to ! galleys or c]emoni\sly burn$4 ,on ?is ,fa!r ,ivonet1 ,doctor ,*ucalon1 ,zan*9us1 ,campegius1 ,royas1 ,tel9us1 ,gom>us1 ,diab>us1 & ,gemel9us are explicit1 & ?is pi\s practice admits ( no exception40#cj ,i w\ld take ! lib]ty ( reply+3 8,bro!r1 possibly y are "r4 ,i am conv9c$ t y wi% to d me good4 ,b c\ld ,i n be sav$ )\t all t80 ,x is true t ^! absurd horrors d n /a9 ! face ( ! e>? e day2 b !y h (t5 done s1 & ! record ( !m w\ld make up a volume mu* l>g] ?an ! gospels :i* condemn !m4 ,n only is x cruel to p]secute1 9 ?is brief life1 ^? :o diff] f u1 b ,i am n sure if x is n too bold to decl>e t !y are damn$ et]nally4 ,x seems to me t x is n ! place ( ! atoms ( a mom5t1 su* z we are1 ?us to anticipate ! decrees ( ! ,creator4 ,f> be x f me to "q ! pr9ciple1 8,out ( ! ,*ur* !re is no salvation40 ,i respect x1 & all t x tea*es2 b d we really "k all ! ways ( ,god1 & ! full range ( 8 m]cies8 ,may we n hope 9 him z mu* z fe> him8 ,x is n en\gh to be loyal to ! ,*ur*8 ,mu/ ea* individual usurp ! rights ( ! ,deity1 & decide1 be=e he does1 ! et]nal lot ( all m58 ,:5 we we> m\rn+ = a k+ ( ,sw$51 ,d5m>k1 ,engl&1 or ,prussia1 d we say t we we> m\rn+ = "o :o burns et]nally 9 hell8 ,!re are 9 ,europe =ty million p :o are n ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,%all we say to ea* ( !m3 8,sir1 see+ t y are infallibly damn$1 ,i w nei!r eat1 nor deal1 nor speak ) y08 ,:at ambassador ( ,france1 pres5t$ 9 audi5ce to ! ,sultan1 w\ld say 9 ! dep?s ( 8 he>t3 8,8 ,highness w und\bt$ly burn = all et]nity because he has be5 circumcis$08 ,if he really believ$ t ! ,sultan is ! mortal enemy ( ,god1 ! object ( 8 v5geance1 c\ld he speak to him8 ,ought he to be s5t to him8 ,) :om c\ld we h int]c\rse8 ,:at duty ( civil life c\ld we ev] fulfil if we 7 really conv9c$ t we 7 deal+ ) damn$ s\ls8 ,foll[]s ( a m]ciful ,god1 if y 7 cruel ( he>t2 if1 9 wor%ipp+ him ^: :ole law consi/$ 9 lov+ "o's neighb\r z oneself1 y _h burd5$ ?is pure & holy law ) sophi/ry & un9telligible disputes2 if y _h lit ! fires ( discord = ! sake ( a new ^w or a s+le lett] ( ! alphabet2 if y _h atta*$ et]nal torm5t to ! omission ( a few words or c]emonies t o!r peoples c\ld n "k1 ,i %\ld say to y3 8,transport y\rselves ) me to ! day on :i* all m5 w be judg$1 :5 ,god w deal ) ea* accord+ to 8 works4 ,i see all ! dead ( =m] ages & ( our own /& 9 8 pres5ce4 ,are y sure t our ,creator & ,fa!r w say to ! wise & virtu\s ,confucius1 to ! lawgiv] ,solon1 to ,py?agoras1 to ,zaleucus1 to ,socrates1 to ,plato1 to ! div9e ,anton9es1 to ! good ,trajan1 to ,titus1 ! delight ( ! human race1 to ,epictetus1 & to s _m o!r model m53 8,g1 mon/]s1 g & submit to a *a/isem5t inf9ite 9 its int5sity & duration2 y\r torm5t %all be z et]nal z ,i4 ,& y1 my belov$1 ,jean ,*atel1 ,ravaillac1 ,dami5s1 ,c>t\*e1 etc4 assass9s 9 ! cause ( ! ,*ur*1 :o h di$ ) ! prescrib$ =mul1 come & %>e my empire & felicity = ev]40#ca ,y %r9k ) horror f su* s5tim5ts2 &1 n[ t !y h escap$ me1 ,i h no m to say to y4 ,,on ,,sup]/ition ,,my ,,bre?r53 ,y are aw>e t all prom95t nations h set up a public cult4 ,m5 h at all times assembl$ to deal ) _! int]e/s & communicate _! ne$s1 & x 0 q natural t !y %\ld op5 ^! meet+s ) "s expression ( ! respect & love :i* !y owe to ! au?or ( _! lives4 ,?is homage has be5 comp>$ to ! respect :i* *ildr5 pay to _! fa!r1 & subjects to _! sov]eign4 ,^! are b feeble images ( ! wor%ip ( ,god4 ,! relations ( man to man h no proportion to ! relation ( ! creature to ! ,supreme ,be+2 !re is no aff9ity betwe5 !m4 ,x w\ld ev5 be blasphemy to r5d] homage to ,god 9 ! =m ( a mon>*4 ,a rul] ( ! :ole e>?--if !re c\ld be su* a p]son1 & all m5 7 s unhappy z to be subject to "o man--w\ld be b a worm ( ! e>?1 comm&+ o!r worms ( ! e>?2 he w\ld /ill be inf9itely l[] ?an ! ,deity4 ,9 republics1 moreov]1 :i* are unque/ionably e>li] ?an any mon>*y1 h[ c\ld ,god be conceiv$ 9 ! %ape ( a k+8 ,if x be necess>y to repres5t ,god 9 any s5sible =m1 ! idea ( a fa!r1 defective z x is1 w\ld seem to be ! be/ fitt$ to our weakness4 ,b emblems ( ! ,deity 7 "o ( ! fir/ s\rces ( sup]/ition4 ,z soon z we made ,god 9 our own image1 ! div9e cult 0 p]v]t$4 ,hav+ d>$ to repres5t ,god 9 ! =m ( a man1 our wret*$ imag9ation1 :i* nev] halts1 ascrib$ to him all ! vices ( a man4 ,we reg>d$ him only z a p[]ful ma/]1 & we *>g$ him ) abuse ( p[]2 we describ$ him z pr\d1 jeal\s1 angry1 v9dictive1 malefic5t1 caprici\s1 pitilessly de/ructive1 a despoil] ( "s to enri* o!rs1 ) no o!r reason b 8 w4 ,our ideas are conf9$ to ! ?+s ab\t u2 we conceive h>dly any?+ except by similitudes2 & s1 :5 ! e>? 0 cov]$ ) tyrants1 ,god 0 reg>d$ z ! fir/ ( tyrants4 ,x 0 mu* worse :5 ! ,deity 0 pres5t$ 9 emblems tak5 f animals & plants4 ,god became an ox1 s]p5t1 crocodile1 ape1 cat1 or lamb2 bell[+1 hiss+1 dev\r+1 & be+ dev\r$4 ,! sup]/ition ( almo/ all nations has be5 s horrible t1 did n ! monum5ts ( x survive1 x w\ld be impossible to believe ! acc\nts ( x4 ,! hi/ory ( ! _w is ! hi/ory ( fanaticism4 ,h !re be5 innoc5t sup]/itions among ! mon/r\s =ms t h cov]$ ! e>?8 ,c we n di/+ui% betwe5 poisons :i* h be5 us$ z rem$ies & poisons :i* h reta9$ _! murd]\s nature8 ,if ,i mi/ake n1 "h is an inquiry wor? ! close att5tion ( reasonable m54 ,a man does good to 8 fell[s & bro!rs4 ,"o man de/roys c>nivor\s bea/s2 ano!r inv5ts arts by ! =ce ( 8 g5ius4 ,!y are1 on t acc\nt1 reg>d$ z high] 9 ! fav\r ( ,god ?an o!r m51 z *ildr5 ( ,god2 !y become demi-gods1 or second>y gods1 :5 !y die4 ,!y are propos$ to o!r m51 n m]ely z models1 b z objects ( wor%ip4 ,he :o wor%ips ,h]cules & ,p]seus is incit$ to imitate !m4 ,alt>s are ! rew>d ( g5ius & c\rage4 ,i see 9 t only an error :i* leads to good4 ,9 t case !y are deceiv$ to _! own advantage4 ,h[ c\ld we reproa* ! anci5t ,romans if !y _h rais$ to ! rank ( second>y gods only su* m5 z ,scipio1 ,titus1 ,trajan1 & ,m>cus ,aurelius8 ,!re is an inf9ite di/ance betwe5 ,god & man4 ,we agree2 b if1 9 ! sy/em ( ! anci5ts1 ! human s\l 0 reg>d$ z a f9ite portion ( ! inf9ite intellig5ce1 s9k+ back into ! great :ole )\t add+ to x2 if x be suppos$ t ,god dwelt 9 ! s\l ( ,m>cus ,aurelius1 s9ce 8 s\l 0 sup]ior to o!rs 9 virtue dur+ life2 :y may we n suppose t x is /ill sup]ior :5 x is sep>at$ f its mortal body8 ,our bro!rs ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* 7= all m5 are bro!rs7 h fill$ heav5 ) demi-gods1 :i* !y call 8sa9ts40 ,_h !y always *os5 !m wisely1 we may c&idly all[ t _! error w\ld h be5 ( s]vice to human nature4 ,we p\r on !m our disda9 only because !y hon\r an ,ignatius1 ! knight ( ! ,virg91 a ,dom9ic1 ! p]secutor1 or a ,francis1 fanatical to ! pit* ( madness1 :o goes nak$1 speaks to animals1 cate*ises a wolf1 & makes himself a wife ( sn[4 ,we _c =give ,j]ome1 ! le>n$ b faulty translator ( ! ,jewi% books1 = hav+1 9 8 hi/ory ( ! fa!rs ( ! des]t1 dem&$ our respect = a ,/4 ,pacomius1 :o paid 8 visits on ! back ( a crocodile4 ,we are especially ang]$ :5 we see t ,rome has canonis$ ,gregory ,,vii41 ! inc5di>y ( ,europe4 ,x is o!rwise ) ! cult t is paid 9 ,france to ,k+ ,l\is ,,ix41 :o 0 j & c\rage\s4 ,if x is too mu* to invoke him1 x is n too mu* to rev]e him4 ,x is b to say to o!r pr9ces3 ,imitate 8 virtues4 ,i g f>!r4 ,suppose !re _h be5 plac$ 9 "s *ur* ! /atue ( ,h5ry ,,iv41 :o won 8 k+dom ) ! val\r ( ,alex&] & ! clem5cy ( ,titus1 :o 0 good & compassionate1 *ose ! be/ m9i/]s & 0 8 own fir/ m9i/]2 suppose t1 9 spite ( 8 weaknesses1 he receiv$ a homage beyond ! respect :i* we owe to great m54 ,:at h>m w\ld be done8 ,x w\ld assur$ly be bett] to b5d ! knee be=e him ?an be=e ?is cr[d ( unkn[n sa9ts1 ^: v names h become a subject ( opprobrium & ridicule4 ,i agree t x w\ld be a sup]/ition1 b a sup]/ition t c\ld d no h>m2 a patriotic en?usiasm1 n a p]nici\s fanaticism4 ,if man is born to error1 let u wi% him virtu\s errors4 ,! sup]/ition t we mu/ drive f ! e>? is t :i*1 mak+ a tyrant ( ,god1 invites m5 to become tyrants4 ,he :o 0 ! fir/ to say t we mu/ dete/ ! wick$ put a sword 9 ! h&s ( all :o d>$ to ?9k !mselves fai?ful4 ,he :o 0 ! fir/ to =bid communication ) ^? :o 7 n ( 8 op9ion rang ! tocs9 ( civil w> ?r\gh\t ! e>?4 ,i believe :at seems to reason impossible--9 o!r words1 ,i believe :at ,i d n believe--& !re=e ,i mu/ hate ^? :o boa/ t !y believe an absurdity oppos$ to m9e4 ,su* is ! logic--su*1 r1 is ! madness--( ! sup]/iti\s4 ,to wor%ip1 love1 & s]ve ! ,supreme ,be+1 & to be ( use to m51 is no?+2 x is inde$1 accord+ to "s1 a false virtue1 a 8spl5did s910 z !y call x4 ,ev] s9ce m5 made x a sacr$ duty to dispute ab\t :at !y _c und]/&1 & made virtue consi/ 9 ! pronunciation ( c]ta9 un9telligible words1 :i* e "o attempt$ to expla91 ,*ri/ian c\ntries h be5 a !atre ( discord & c>nage4 ,y w tell me t ?is univ]sal pe/il5ce %\ld be imput$ to ! fury ( ambition r ?an to t ( fanaticism4 ,i answ] t x is due to bo?4 ,! ?ir/ = dom9ation has be5 assuag$ ) ! blood ( fools4 ,i d n aspire to heal m5 ( p[] ( ?is furi\s passion to subject ! m9ds ( o!rs2 x is an incurable disease4 ,e man w\ld l to see o!rs ha/5+ to s]ve him2 &1 t he may be ! bett] s]v$1 he w1 if he c1 make !m believe t _! duty & _! happ9ess are to be slaves4 ,f9d me a man ) an income ( a hundr$ ?\s& p\nds a ye>1 & ) f\r or five hundr$ ?\s& subjects ?r\gh\t ,europe1 :o co/ him no?+1 besides 8 soldi]s1 & tell him t ,*ri/1 ( :om he is ! vic> & imitator1 liv$ 9 pov]ty & humility4 ,he w reply t ! times are *ang$1 & to prove x he w condemn y to p]i% 9 ! flames4 ,y w nei!r correct ?is man ! ,pope nor a ,c>d9al de ,lorra9e1 ! simultane\s possessor ( sev5 bi%oprics4 ,:at c "o d1 !n8 ,appeal to ! p1 &1 brutalis$ z !y are1 !y li/5 & half op5 _! eyes4 ,!y p>tly ?r[ (f ! mo/ humiliat+ yoke t has ev] be5 borne4 ,!y rid !mselves ( "s ( _! errors1 & w9 back a "p ( _! fre$om1 t appanage or ess5ce ( man ( :i* !y _h be5 robb$4 ,we _c cure ! p[]ful ( ambition1 b we c cure ! p ( sup]/ition4 ,we c1 by spee* & p51 make m5 m enlight5$ & bett]4 ,x is easy to make !m see :at !y h suff]$ dur+ fifte5 hundr$ ye>s4 ,few p read1 b all may li/54 ,li/51 !n1 my bre?r51 & he> ! calamities :i* h fall5 on e>li] g5]ations4 ,h>dly _h ! ,*ri/ians1 brea?+ freely "u ,con/ant9e1 dipp$ _! h&s 9 ! blood ( ! virtu\s ,val]ia1#cb daught]1 wife1 & "m ( ! ,cs>s1 & 9 ! blood ( h] "y son ,c&idian1 ! hope ( ! ,empire2 h>dly _h !y put to dea? ! son ( ! ,emp]or ,maxim91 9 8 eigh? ye>1 & 8 daught] 9 h] sev5? ye>2 h>dly _h ^! m51 :o are describ$ z s pati5t = two c5turies1 betray$ _! fury at ! beg9n+ ( ! f\r? c5tury1 ?an controv]sy gave bir? to ^? civil discords :i*1 succe$+ ea* o!r )\t a mom5t ( relaxation1 /ill agitate ,europe4 ,:at are ! subjects ( ^! bloody qu>rels8 ,subtilties1 my bre?r51 ( :i* n a trace is to be f\nd 9 ! ,gospel4 ,!y w\ld "k :e!r ! ,son 0 eng5d]$ or made2 :e!r he 0 eng5d]$ 9 "t or be=e "t2 :e!r he is consub/antial )1 or l1 ! ,fa!r2 :e!r ! div9e 8monad10 z ,a?anasius puts x1 is ?reefold 9 ?ree hypo/ases2 :e!r ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 eng5d]$1 or proce$$2 :e!r he proce$s f ! ,fa!r only1 or ! ,fa!r & ! ,son2 :e!r ,jesus _h "o w or two1 or two natures1 or "o or two p]sons4 ,9 a ^w1 f 8consub/antiality0 to 8transub/antiation0--t]ms equally difficult to pron\nce & to und]/&--ev]y?+ has be5 a matt] ( dispute1 & e dispute has caus$ torr5ts ( blood to fl[4 ,y "k h[ mu* 0 %$ by our sup]/iti\s ,m>y1 daught] ( ! tyrant ,h5ry ,,viii41 & wor?y sp\se ( ! ,spani% tyrant ,philip ,,ii4 ,! ?rone ( ,*>les ,i4 became a scaffold2 he p]i%$ ignom9i\sly1 aft] m ?an two hundr$ ?\s& m5 _h be5 slaught]$ = a liturgy4 ,y "k ! civil w>s ( ,france4 ,a troop ( fanatical !ologians1 call$ ! ,sorbonne1 decl>e ,h5ry ,,iii4 to h =feit$ ! ?rone1 & at once a !ological appr5tice assass9ates him4 ,! ,sorbonne decl>es ! great ,h5ry ,,iv41 our ally1 incapable ( rul+1 & tw5ty murd]]s rise 9 succession2 until at la/1 on ! m]e ann\ncem5t t ! h]o is ab\t to protect 8 =m] allies aga9/ ! ,pope's foll[]s1 a monk--a s*oolma/]--plunges a knife 9 ! he>t ( ! mo/ valiant ( k+s & be/ ( m5 9 ! mid/ ( 8 capital1 "u ! eyes ( 8 p1 & 9 ! arms ( 8 fri5ds4 ,&1 by an inconceivable contradiction1 8 memory is rev]$ = ev]1 & ! troop ( ! ,sorbonne :i* proscrib$ & excommunicat$ him & 8 fai?ful subjects1 & has no "r to excommunicate anybody1 /ill survives1 to ! %ame ( ,france4 ,x is n ! ord9>y p1 my bre?r51 n ! agricultural work]s & ! ignorant & peaceful artisans1 :o h rais$ ^! ridicul\s & fatal qu>rels1 ! s\rces ( s _m horrors & p>ricides4 ,!re is1 unhappily1 n "o ( !m t is n due to ! !ologians4 ,m5 f$ by y\r lab\rs 9 a com=table idl5ess1 enri*$ by y\r sweat & y\r mis]y1 /ruggl$ = p>tisans & slaves2 !y inspir$ y ) a de/ructive fanaticism1 t !y might be y\r ma/]s2 !y made y sup]/iti\s1 n t y might fe> ,god ! m1 b t y might fe> !m4 ,! gospel did n say to ,james1 ,pet]1 or ,b>?olomew3 8,live 9 opul5ce2 deck y\rselves ) hon\rs2 walk amid a ret9ue ( gu>ds40 ,x did n say to !m3 8,di/urb ! _w ) y\r incompreh5sible que/ions40 ,jesus1 my bre?r51 t\*$ none ( ^! que/ions4 ,w\ld y be bett] !ologians ?an he :om y recognise z y\r "o ma/]8 ,:at6 ,he said to y3 8,all consi/s 9 lov+ ,god & y\r neighb\r02 yet y w\ld seek some?+ else4 ,is !re any "o among y1 is !re any "o on ! :ole e>?1 :o c ?9k t ,god w exam9e him on po9ts ( !ology1 n judge him by 8 de$s8 ,:at is a !ological op9ion8 ,x is an idea t may be true or false2 b morality has no int]e/ 9 x4 ,x is cle> t y %\ld be virtu\s1 :e!r ! ,holy ,gho/ proce$s f ! ,fa!r by spiration1 or f ! ,fa!r & ! ,son4 ,x is n less cle> t y w nev] und]/& any proposition ( ?is nature4 ,y w nev] h ! lea/ idea h[ ,jesus c\ld h two natures & two wills 9 "o p]son4 ,if he _h wi%$ y to "k x1 he w\ld h told y ( x4 ,i *oose ^! examples among a hundr$ o!rs1 & ,i pass 9 sil5ce ov] o!r controv]sies 9 ord] t ,i may n reop5 w\nds t /ill ble$4 ,god has giv5 y und]/&+2 he _c wi% t y %\ld p]v]t x4 ,h[ c\ld a proposition ( :i* y c nev] h an idea be necess>y to y8 ,x is a fact ( daily exp]i5ce t ,god1 :o gives ev]y?+1 has giv5 "o man m light & m tal5t ?an ano!r4 ,x does n (f5d our good s5se t he has *os5 to l9k "o man m closely to himself ?an o!rs2 t he has made him a model ( reason or virtue4 ,no "o c d5y t x is possible = ,god to %[] 8 f9e/ gifts on "o ( 8 works4 ,we may1 !re=e1 believe 9 ,jesus z "o :o taught & practis$ virtue2 b let u take c>e t 9 wi%+ to g too f> beyond t1 we d n ov]turn ! :ole /ructure4 ,! sup]/iti\s man puts poison 9 ! mo/ :olesome food2 he is an enemy to himself & o!rs4 ,he believes himself ! object ( et]nal v5geance if he eats meat on a c]ta9 day2 he believes t a long1 grey robe1 ) a po9t$ hood & a long be>d1 is mu* m agreeable to ,god ?an a %av5 face & a head t reta9s its hair2 he imag9es t 8 salvation is b\nd up ) c]ta9 ,lat9 =mul :i* he does n und]/&4 ,he has educat$ 8 daught] 9 ^! pr9ciples4 ,%e buries h]self 9 a dungeon z soon z %e rea*es a m>riageable age2 %e betrays po/]ity to please ,god--m guilty1 9 reg>d to ! human race1 ?an ! ,h9doo wid[1 :o ca/s h]self on h] husb&'s pyre aft] be>+ him *ildr54 ,monks ( ! s\!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 self-condemn$ to a life t is z abject z x is frightful1 d n comp>e y\rselves to ! p5it5ts ( ! banks ( ! ,ganges2 y\r au/]ities d n approa* _! volunt>y suff]+s4 ,& ?9k n t ,god approves 9 y :at y say he condemns 9 !m4 ,! sup]/iti\s man is 8 own execution]2 & he is ! execution] ( all :o d n agree ) him4 ,! mo/ infam\s in=m+ he calls 8frat]nal correction40 ,he accuses ! simple innoc5ce t is n on its gu>d1 &1 9 ! c&\r ( its he>t1 has n set a seal ^u its lips4 ,he d5\nces x to ^? tyrants ( s\ls :o laugh alike at ! accus$ & ! accus]4 ,la/ly1 ! sup]/iti\s man becomes a fanatic1 & !n 8 zeal becomes capable ( all crimes 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4 ,we live no long]1 x is true1 9 ^? abom9able days :5 relatives & fri5ds slaught]$ ea* o!r1 :5 a hundr$ battles cov]$ ! e>? ) corpses = ! sake ( "s argum5t ( ! s*ool2 b a few sp>ks spr+ e day f ! a%es ( ^! va/ conflagrations4 ,pr9ces no long] m>* to ! field at ! voice ( prie/s & monks2 b citiz5s p]secute ea* o!r /ill 9 ! he>t ( ! t[ns1 & private life is (t5 poison$ ) sup]/ition4 ,:at w\ld y say ( a family ^: memb]s 7 ev] ready to fight ea* o!r 9 ord] to settle 9 :at way _! fa!r mu/ be salut$8 ,my fri5ds1 ! great ?+ is to love him2 y may salute him z y w4 ,are y bro!rs only to be divid$8 ,mu/ t :i* %\ld unite y be always a ?+ to sep>ate y8 ,i "k n ( a s+le civil w> among ! ,turks on ! gr\nd ( religion4 ,i say 8civil w>02 b hi/ory tells ( no s$ition or tr\ble among !m t 0 due to controv]sy4 ,is x because !y h few] pretexts = disputes8 ,is x because !y are by bir? less re/less & wis] ?an we8 ,!y ask n to :at sect y belong1 provid$ t y pay regul>ly ! slight tax4 ,lat9 ,*ri/ians & ,greek ,*ri/ians1 ,jacobites1 ,mono!lites1 ,copts1 or ,prote/ants--all are welcome to !m2 :]eas !re are n ?ree ,*ri/ian nations t practise ?is humanity4 ,jesus1 my bre?r51 0 n sup]/iti\s or intol]ant2 he said n a s+le ^w aga9/ ! cult ( ! ,romans1 :o surr\nd$ 8 c\ntry4 ,let u imitate 8 indulg5ce1 & des]ve to exp]i5ce x f o!rs4 ,let u n be di/urb$ by ! b>b>ic argum5t t is (t5 us$4 ,i w give x 9 its full /r5g?3 8,y believe t a good man may f9d fav\r 9 ! eyes ( ! be+ ( be+s1 ! ,god ( ju/ice & m]cy1 at any "t1 9 any place1 9 :atev] religion he has sp5t 8 %ort life4 ,we1 on ! contr>y1 say t a man _c please ,god unless he be born among u1 or taught by u4 ,x is prov$ to u t we are ! only p]sons 9 ! _w :o are "r4 ,we "k t1 al?\gh ,god came ^u ! e>? & di$ = all m51 he w nev]!less %[ pity only to our little ga!r+1 & t ev5 among u !re are v few :o w escape et]nal torm5t4 ,adopt ! saf] side1 !n4 ,ent] our little body1 & /rive to be "o ( ! elect among u40 ,let u ?ank our bre?r5 :o use ?is language4 ,let u congratulate !m on be+ s sure t all 9 ! _w are damn$ except a few ( !mselves2 & let u conclude t our sect is bett] ?an !irs by ! v fact t x is m reasonable & humane4 ,! man :o says to me1 8,believe z ,i d1 or ,god w damn !e10 w pres5tly say1 8,believe z ,i d1 or ,i %all assass9ate !e40 ,let u pray ,god to s(t5 ^! atroci\s he>ts & inspire all 8 *ildr5 ) a feel+ ( bro!rhood4 ,we live 9 an isl& 9 :i* ! episcopal sect dom9ates f ,dov] to ! ,twe$4#cc ,f !re to ! la/ ( ! ,orkneys presbyt]ianism holds ! field1 & beside ^! dom9ant religions are t5 or a doz5 o!rs4 ,g to ,italy1 & y w f9d papal despotism on ! ?rone4 ,9 ,france x is o!rwise2 ,france is already reg>d$ by ,rome z half-h]etical4 ,pass to ,switz]l& & ,g]many4 ,y sleep to-night 9 a ,calv9i/ic t[n1 to-morr[ night 9 a ,papi/ t[n1 & ! foll[+ night 9 a ,lu!ran4 ,y g on to ,russia1 & f9d no?+ ( all ?is4 ,x is a diff]5t sect4 ,! c\rt is illum9$ by an empress-philosoph]4 ,! augu/ ,ca!r9e has put reason on ! ?rone1 ) magnific5ce & g5]osity3 b ! p ( h] prov9ces dete/ alike ! ,lu!rans1 ,calv9i/s1 & ,papi/s4 ,!y w\ld n eat1 nor dr9k 9 ! same glass1 ) any ( !m4 ,i ask y1 my bre?r51 :at w\ld happ5 if1 9 an assembly ( all ^! sect>ies1 ea* ?\ght himself au?oris$ by ! div9e _s to secure ! triumph ( 8 op9ions8 ,see y n ! swords drawn1 ! gibbets rais$1 ! fires lit1 f "o end ( ,europe to ! o!r8 ,:o is "r 9 ?is *aos ( disputes8 ,surely ! tol]ant & b5efic5t4 ,d n say t 9 prea*+ tol]ance we prea* indiff]5ce4 ,no1 my bre?r51 he :o wor%ips ,god & s]ves m5 is n indiff]5t4 ,! "n is m fitt+ = ! sup]/iti\s :o ?9ks t ,god w be pleas$ ) him = utt]+ un9telligible =mul1 :ile he is really v indiff]5t to ! lot ( 8 bro!r1 :om he leaves to p]i% )\t aid1 or ab&ons 9 disgrace1 or flatt]s 9 prosp]ity1 or p]secutes if he is ( ano!r sect1 unsupport$ & unprotect$4 ,! m ! sup]/iti\s man conc5trates ^u absurd beliefs & practices1 ! m indiff]5t he becomes to ! real ne$s ( humanity4 ,let u rememb] "o ( our *>itable compatriots4 ,he f\nd$ a hospital = old m5 9 8 prov9ce4 ,he 0 ask$ if x 0 = ,papi/s1 ,lu!rans1 ,presbyt]ians1 ,quak]s1 ,soc9ians1 ,anabapti/s1 ,me?odi/s1 or ,memnoni/s8 ,he answ]$3 ,= m54 ,o ,god1 keep f u ! error ( a!ism :i* d5ies ?y exi/5ce1 & deliv] u f ! sup]/ition t outrages ?y exi/5ce & fills ours ) horror4 ,,on ,,! ,,int]pretation ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,my ,,bre?r53 ,books rule ! _w1 or1 at lea/1 ^? nations 9 x :i* h writt5 language2 ! o!rs d n c\nt4 ,! ,z5d ,ave/a1 attribut$ to ! fir/ ,zoroa/]1 0 ! law ( ! ,p]sians4 ,! ,v$a & ! ,%a/abad are ! law ( ! ,brahmans4 ,! ,egyptians 7 rul$ by ! books ( ,?ot1 :o has be5 call$ 8! fir/ ,m]cury40 ,! ,koran holds sway to-day ov] ,africa1 ,egypt1 ,arabia1 ,india1 "p ( ,t>t>y1 ! :ole ( ,p]sia1 ,scy?ia1 ,asia ,m9or1 ,syria1 ,?race1 ,!ssaly1 & ! :ole ( ,greece z f> z ! /rait :i* sep>ates ,naples & ! ,empire4#cd ,! ,p5tateu* controls ! ,jews2 &1 by a s+ul> disp5sation ( ,provid5ce1 x rules u to-day4 ,x is1 !re=e1 our duty to read ?is "w toge!r1 s9ce x is ! f\ndation ( our fai?4 ,:5 we read ! e>ly *apt]s ( ! ,p5tateu*1 we mu/ rememb] t1 9 speak+ ?us to ! ,jews1 ,god deign$ to accommodate himself to _! intellig5ce1 :i* 0 /ill v crude4 ,x is well kn[n to-day t our e>? is b a po9t 9 comp>ison ) ! space :i* we1 improp]ly1 call ! heav5s1 9 :i* %9e a prodigi\s numb] ( />s1 ) planets f> sup]ior to ours4 ,we "k t light 0 n made be=e ! day1 & t x comes to u f ! sun4 ,we "k t ! suppos$ solid expanse betwe5 ! upp] & ! l[] wat]s1 :i* is call$ ! 8firmam5t10#ce is an error ( anci5t physics1 adopt$ by ! ,greeks4 ,b z ,god 0 speak+ to ! ,jews1 he deign$ to /oop l[ en\gh to adopt _! language4 ,c]ta9ly no "o w\ld h und]/ood him 9 ! des]t ( ,horeb if he _h said3 8,i h put ! sun 9 ! c5tre ( y\r _w2 ! little globe ( ! e>? revolves1 ) o!r planets1 r\nd ?is great />1 :i* illum9es ! planets2 & ! moon turns r\nd ! e>? 9 ! c\rse ( a mon?4 ,^? o!r />s :i* y see are s _m suns1 presid+ ov] o!r worlds40 ,if ! et]nal geometrician _h spok5 ?us1 he w\ld inde$ h spok5 wor?ily1 z a ma/] :o kn[s 8 own "w2 b no ,jew w\ld h und]/ood a ^w ( su* sublime tru?s4 ,! ,jewi% p 7 /iff ( neck & h>d ( und]/&+4 ,x 0 necess>y to give co>se food to a co>se p1 :i* c\ld f9d su/5ance only 9 su* food4 ,x seems t ?is fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis 0 an allegory pres5t$ to !m by ! ,holy ,_s1 to be int]pret$ "s day by ^? :om ,god w\ld deign to fill ) 8 light4 ,t1 at lea/1 0 ! idea ( ! lead+ ,jews1 s9ce x 0 =bidd5 to read ?is book be=e rea*+ "o's tw5ty-fif? ye>1 9 ord] t ! m9d ( "y folk might be prep>$ by ma/]s to read x ) m intellig5ce & respect4 ,^! doctors taught t1 9 ! lit]al s5se1 ! ,nile1 ,euphrates1 ,tigris1 & ,araxes did n really rise 9 ! t]re/rial p>adise2 b t ! f\r riv]s1 :i* wat]$ x1 evid5tly meant f\r virtues necess>y to man4 ,x 01 accord+ to !m1 cle> t ! =mation ( woman f ! rib ( man 0 a mo/ /rik+ allegory ( ! unv>y+ h>mony t ought to be f\nd 9 m>riage2 t ! s\ls ( m>ri$ p ought to be unit$ l _! bodies4 ,x is a symbol ( ! peace & fidelity t ought to rule 9 conjugal society4 ,! s]p5t t s$uc$ ,eve1 & 0 ! mo/ cunn+ ( all animals on ! e>?1 is1 if we are to believe ,philo & o!r writ]s1 a figurative expression ( our corrupt desires4 ,! use ( spee*1 :i* ,scripture assigns to x1 is ! voice ( our passions speak+ to our he>ts4 ,god us$ ! allegory ( ! s]p5t because x 0 v common 9 ! ,ea/4 ,! s]p5t 0 consid]$ subtle because x quickly escapes ^? :o pursue x1 & skilfully falls on ^? :o attack x4 ,its *ange ( sk9 0 ! symbol ( immortality4 ,! ,egyptians c>ri$ a silv] s]p5t 9 _! processions4 ,! ,phnicians1 :o 7 neighb\rs ( ! ,hebrews1 _h long _h an allegorical fable ( a s]p5t t _h made w> on ,god & man4 ,9 f9e1 ! s]p5t :i* tempt$ ,eve has be5 recognis$ z ! devil1 :o is ev] seek+ to tempt & undo u4 ,x is true t ! idea ( a devil fall+ f heav5 & becom+ ! enemy ( ! human race 0 kn[n to ! ,jews only 9 ! c\rse ( "t2 b ! div9e au?or1 :o knew t ?is idea w\ld spread "s day1 deign$ to plant ! se$ ( x 9 ! e>ly *apt]s ( ,g5esis4 ,we really "k no?+ ( ! fall ( ! wick$ angels except f ^! few words 9 ! ,epi/le ( ,/4 ,jude3 8,w&]+ />s1 to :om is res]v$ ! blackness ( d>kness = ev]1 ( :om ,eno* also1 ! sev5? f ,adam1 prophesi$40 ,x has be5 ?\ght t ^! w&]+ />s 7 ! angels trans=m$ into malevol5t demons1 & we supply ! place ( ! prophecies ( ,eno*1 ! sev5? man aft] ,adam1 :i* we no long] h4 ,b no matt] into :at labyr9? le>n$ m5 may w&]1 9 try+ to expla9 ^! incompreh5sible ?+s1 we mu/ always und]/& 9 an edify+ s5se :atev] we _c und]/& lit]ally4 ,! anci5t ,brahmans1 z we said1 _h ?is !ology _m c5turies be=e ! ,jewi% nation came into exi/5ce4 ,! anci5t ,p]sians _h giv5 names to ! devils long be=e ! ,jews did s4 ,y are aw>e t 9 ! ,p5tateu* we d n f9d ! "n ( any angel1 good or bad4 ,!re is no m5tion ( ,gabriel1 or ,raphael1 or ,satan1 or ,asmodeus 9 ! ,jewi% books until long aft]w>ds1 :5 ! little p _h le>n$ _! names dur+ ! ,babylonian captivity or ! ,p]sian dom9ation4 ,t %[s1 at lea/1 t ! doctr9e ( cele/ial & inf]nal be+s 0 common to all great nations4 ,y w f9d x 9 ! book ( ,job1 a preci\s monum5t ( antiquity4 ,job is an ,arabic "*2 if ! allegory 0 writt5 9 ,arabic4 ,!re are /ill1 9 ! ,hebrew translation1 purely ,arabic phrases4#cf ,"h1 !n1 we h ! ,h9doos1 ,p]sians1 ,arabs1 & ,jews successively adopt+ mu* ! same !ology4 ,x is !re=e entitl$ to close att5tion4 ,b :at is ev5 m cle>ly entitl$ to our att5tion is ! morality t ought to result f all ?is anci5t !ology4 ,m51 :o are n born to be murd]]s1 s9ce ,god has n arm$ !m l lions & tig]s2 :o are n born to be impos$ ^u1 s9ce !y all necess>ily love tru?2 :o are n born to be m>aud+ brig&s1 s9ce ,god has giv5 equally to !m all ! fruits ( ! e>? & ! wool ( ! %eep2 b :o h1 nev]!less1 become m>aud]s1 p]jur]s1 & murd]]s1 are really angels trans=m$ into demons4 ,let u1 my bre?r51 always seek 9 ,holy ,writ :at morality1 n :at physics1 tea*es4 ,let ! +5i\s ,fa!r ,calmet employ 8 pr(\nd sagacity & p5etrat+ logic 9 discov]+ ! place ( ! e>?ly p>adise2 we may be cont5t to des]ve1 if we c1 ! heav5ly p>adise by ! practice ( ju/ice1 tol]ation1 & k9dl9ess4 8,b ( ! tree ( ! k ( good & evil1 ?\ %alt n eat ( x2 = 9 ! day t ?\ eate/ !re( ?\ %alt surely die0 7,g541 ii41 #ag74 ,int]pret]s admit t we d n "k ( any tree t gives k4 ,adam did n die on ! day on :i* he ate ( x2 he liv$ = n9e hundr$ & ?irty ye>s aft]w>ds1 ! ,scripture says4 ,b1 alas1 :at are n9e hundr$ ye>s betwe5 two et]nities6 ,!y are n to be comp>$ ) a mom5t ( "t1 & our days pass l ! %ad[4 ,does n ?is allegory1 h[ev]1 cle>ly tea* u t k1 wrongly und]/ood1 is able to undo u8 ,! tree ( k be>s1 no d\bt1 v bitt] fruit1 s9ce s _m le>n$ !ologians h be5 p]secutors or p]secut$1 & _m h di$ a dreadful dea?4 ,ah1 my bre?r51 ! ,holy ,_s wi%$ to %[ u h[ dang]\s false sci5ce is1 h[ x puffs up ! he>t1 & h[ absurd a le>n$ doctor (t5 is4 ,x is f ?is passage t ,/4 ,augu/9e ga!r$ ! guilt ( all m5 on acc\nt ( ! disob$i5ce ( ! fir/ man4 ,he x is :o develop$ ! doctr9e ( orig9al s94 ,:e!r ! /a9 ( ?is s9 corrupt$ our bodies1 or /eep$ ! s\ls :i* ent] !m1 is an entirely incompreh5sible my/]y2 x w>ns u at lea/ n to live 9 crime1 if we 7 born 9 crime4 8,& ! ,"l set a m>k ^u ,ca91 le/ any f9d+ him %\ld kill him0 7,g54 iv474 ,"h1 especially1 my bre?r51 ! fa!rs are oppos$ to ea* o!r4 ,! family ( ,adam 0 n yet num]\s2 ,scripture gives him no o!r *ildr5 ?an ,abel & ,ca91 at ! "t :5 ! =m] 0 murd]$ by 8 bro!r4 ,:y is ,god =c$ to give ,ca9 a safegu>d aga9/ any :o may f9d him8 ,let u be cont5t to obs]ve t ,god p>dons ,ca91 no d\bt aft] fill+ him ) remorse4 ,let u pr(it by ! lesson1 & n condemn our bre?r5 to frightful torm5ts = small causes4 ,:5 ,god is s m]ciful z to =give an abom9able murd]1 we may imitate him4 ,! objection is rais$ t ! same ,god :o p>dons a cruel murd]] damns all m5 = ev] = ! transgression ( ,adam1 ^: only crime 0 to eat ! =bidd5 fruit4 ,to our feeble human reason x seems unju/ = ,god to puni% et]nally all ! *ildr5 ( ! guilty1 n inde$ to atone = a murd]1 b to expiate :at seems an excusable act ( disob$i5ce4 ,?is is said to be an intol]able contradiction1 :i* we _c admit 9 an inf9itely good be+2 b x is only an app>5t contradiction4 ,god h&s u ov]1 ) our p>5ts & *ildr51 to ! flames = ! disob$i5ce ( ,adam2 b f\r ?\s& ye>s aft]w>ds he s5ds ,jesus ,*ri/ to deliv] u1 & he pres]ves ! life ( ,ca9 9 ord] to p ! e>?3 ?us he rema9s 9 all ?+s ! ,god ( ju/ice & m]cy4 ,/4 ,augu/9e calls ,adam's s9 a 8=tunate fault02 b t ( ,ca9 0 /ill m =tunate1 s9ce ,god took c>e himself to put a m>k ( 8 protection on him4 8,a w9d[ %alt ?\ make to ! ark1 & 9 a cubit %alt ?\ f9i% x above10 etc4 7,g54 vi4 #af74 ,"h we rea* ! greate/ ( all miracles1 be=e :i* reason mu/ humble itself & ! he>t mu/ break4 ,we "k ) :at bold contempt ! incr$ul\s rise aga9/ ! prodigy ( a univ]sal deluge4 ,x is fruitless = !m to object t 9 ! wette/ ye>s we d n get ?irty in*es ( ra92 t ev5 9 su* a ye> !re are z _m regions )\t ra9 z !re are flood$ regions2 t ! law ( gravity prev5ts ! ocean f ov]fl[+ its b\nds2 t if x cov]$ ! e>? x w\ld leave its b$ dry2 t1 ev5 if x cov]$ ! e>?1 x c\ld n rise fifte5 cubits above ! highe/ m\nta9s2 t ! animals c\ld n rea* ! ark f ,am]ica & s\!rn l&s2 t sev5 pairs ( clean animals & two pairs ( unclean c\ld n h be5 put 9 tw5ty arks2 t ^! tw5ty arks w\ld n h suffic$ to hold ! fodd] !y ne$$1 n m]ely = t5 mon?s1 b = ! foll[+ ye>1 9 :i* ! e>? w\ld be too sodd5 to produce2 t ! c>nivor\s animals w\ld h di$ ( />vation2 t ! eight p]sons 9 ! ark w\ld n h be5 able to give ! animals _! food e day4 ,!re is no end to _! difficulties4 ,b ! :ole ( !m are solv$ by po9t+ out t ?is great ev5t 0 a miracle--t puts an end to all dispute4 8,& !y said1 ,g to1 let u build u a city & a t[]1 ^: top may rea* unto heav52 & let u make u a "n1 le/ we be scatt]$ abroad ^u ! face ( ! :ole e>?0 7,g54 xi4 #d74 ,unbeliev]s decl>e t x is possible to make a "n1 yet be scatt]$ abroad4 ,!y ask if m5 h ev] be5 s /upid z to wi% to build a t[] z high z ! heav5s4 ,!y say t su* a t[] w\ld rise into ! atmosph]e1 & t1 if y call ! atmosph]e ! heav5s1 ! t[] w necess>ily be 9 ! heav5s if x 7 no m ?an tw5ty feet high2 & t1 if all m5 !n spoke ! same tongue1 ! wise/ ?+ !y c\ld d w\ld be to ga!r 9 a common city & prev5t a corruption ( _! tongue4 ,app>5tly !y 7 all 9 _! own c\ntry1 s9ce !y 7 all agre$ to build !re94 ,to drive !m f _! c\ntry is tyrannical2 to make !m sudd5ly speak new tongues is absurd4 ,h5ce1 !y say1 we c only reg>d ! /ory ( ! t[] ( ,babel z an ori5tal romance4 ,i reply to ?is blasphemy t1 s9ce ! miracle is describ$ by an au?or :o has record$ s _m o!r miracles1 x ought to be believ$1 l ! o!rs4 ,! works ( ,god _c be expect$ to resemble ! works ( man 9 any way4 ,! ages ( ! patri>*s & prophets c h no relation to ! ages ( ord9>y m54 ,god n[ comes ^u ! e>? no m2 b 9 ^? days he (t5 came d[n to c>ry out 8 "w 9 p]son4 ,x is a tradition ( all ! great nations ( antiquity4 ,! ,greeks1 :o _h no k ( ! ,jewi% books until long aft] !y _h be5 translat$ into ,greek at ,alex&ria by ,hell5is+ ,jews1 _h believ$1 be=e ,hom] & ,hesiod1 t ! great ,zeus & all ! o!r gods came d[n f ! upp] air to visit ! e>?4 ,:at lesson may we d]ive f ! g5]al acceptance ( ?is idea8 ,t we are always 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god1 & t we mu/ engage 9 no de$ or ?\ght t is n 9 accord ) 8 ju/ice4 ,9 a ^w1 ! t[] ( ,babel is no m extraord9>y ?an all ! re/4 ,! book is equally au!ntic 9 all its p>ts2 we _c d5y "o fact )\t d5y+ all ! o!rs4 ,we mu/ br+ our pr\d reason into subjection1 :e!r we reg>d ! /ory z lit]ally true or z a figure4 8,9 ! same day ! ,"l made a cov5ant ) ,abraham1 say+3 ,unto ?y se$ h ,i giv5 ?is l&1 f ! riv] ( ,egypt unto ! great riv]1 ! riv] ,euphrates0 7,g54 xv41 #ah74 ,unbeliev]s exclaim triumphantly t ! ,jews h nev] own$ m ?an a "p ( :at ,god promis$ !m4 ,!y ev5 ?9k x unju/ t ! ,"l gave !m ?is "p4 ,!y say t ! ,jews _h n ! lea/ "r to x2 t ! =m] j\rney ( a ,*aldan into a b>b>ic c\ntry c\ld n possibly be a legitimate pretext = invad+ ! c\ntry2 & t any man :o decl>$ himself a desc5dant ( ,/4 ,patrick1 & came on t acc\nt to sack ,irel&1 say+ t he _h ,god's ord] to d s1 w\ld meet ) a w>m reception4 ,b let u always rememb] t ! times h *ang$4 ,let u respect ! books ( ! ,jews1 & take c>e n to imitate ! ,jews4 ,god enjo9s no long] :at he once comm&$4 ,!y ask :o ?is ,abraham is1 & :y ! ,jewi% p is trac$ to ! ,*aldan son ( an idolatr\s pott]1 :o _h no relation to ! p ( ! l& ( ,canaan1 & c\ld n und]/& _! language4 ,?is ,*aldan1 accompani$ by a wife :o b5ds "u ! weight ( ye>s1 b is /ill good1 rea*es ,memphis4 ,:y d ! c\ple pass f ,memphis to ! des]t ( ,g]>8 ,h[ comes !re to be a k+ 9 ?is horrible des]t8 ,h[ is x t ! k+ ( ,egypt & ! k+ ( ,g]> bo? fall 9 love ) ! ag$#cg sp\se ( ,abraham8 ,^! are b hi/orical difficulties2 ! great ?+ is to obey ,god4 ,holy ,scripture always repres5ts ,abraham z unres]v$ly submissive to ! w ( ! ,mo/ ,high4 ,let u imitate him1 & n dispute s mu*4 8,& !re came two angels to ,sodom at ev510 etc4 7,g54 xix474 ,"h is a /umbl+-block = all read]s :o li/5 only to _! own reason4 ,two angels--t is to say1 two spiritual creatures1 two heav5ly m9i/]s ( ,god--h e>?ly bodies1 & inspire a :ole t[n1 ev5 its old m51 ) infam\s desires2 a fa!r ( a family pro/itutes 8 two daught]s to save ! hon\r ( ! two angels2 a t[n is *ang$ into a lake ( fire2 a woman is trans=m$ into a salt /atue2 two girls deceive & intoxicate _! fa!r 9 ord] to commit ince/ ) him1 le/1 !y say1 _! race %\ld p]i%1 :ile !y h all ! inhabitants ( ! t[n ( ,zo> to *oose f6 ,all ^! ev5ts1 tak5 toge!r1 make up a revolt+ picture4 ,b if we are reasonable we %all agree ) ,/4 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria & ! fa!rs :o h foll[$ him t ! :ole is allegorical4 ,let u rememb] t t 0 ! way ( writ+ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,p>ables 7 s con/antly us$ t ev5 ! au?or ( all tru? spoke to ! ,jews only 9 p>ables :5 he came on e>?4 ,p>ables make up ! :ole ( ! pr(ane !ology ( antiquity4 ,saturn dev\r+ 8 *ildr5 is evid5tly "t de/roy+ its own works4 ,m9]va is wisdom2 %e is =m$ 9 ! head ( ! ma/] ( ! gods4 ,! arr[s & b&age ( ,cupid are obvi\s figures4 ,! fall ( ,pha?on is an admirable symbol ( ambition4 ,all is n allegory1 ei!r 9 ! pagan !ology or 9 ! sacr$ hi/ory ( ! ,jewi% p4 ,! fa!rs di/+ui% betwe5 :at is purely hi/orical & purely p>abolical1 & :at p>takes ( ! nature ( ea*4 ,x is1 ,i grant1 difficult to walk on ^! slipp]y pa?s2 b if we walk 9 ! way ( virtue1 :y ne$ we conc]n ourselves ab\t t ( sci5ce8 ,! crime t ,god puni%es "h is horrible2 let t suffice u4 ,lot's wife 0 *ang$ into a salt /atue = look+ beh9d h]4 ,let u curb ! impulses ( curiosity2 9 a ^w1 let ! /ories ( ,holy ,writ s]ve to make u bett]1 if !y d n make u m enlight5$4 ,!re are1 x seems to me1 my bre?r51 two k9ds ( figurative & my/ic int]pretation ( ! ,scriptures4 ,! fir/1 & incomp>ably ! bett]1 is to ga!r f all facts c\nsels = ! conduct ( life4 ,if ,jacob cruelly wrongs 8 bro!r ,esau & deceives 8 fa!r-9-law ,laban1 let u keep peace 9 our families & act ju/ly t[>ds our relatives4 ,if ! patri>* ,reub5 di%on\rs 8 fa!r's b$1 let u reg>d ! ince/ ) horror4 ,if ! patri>* ,judah commits a /ill m odi\s ince/ ) 8 daught]-9-law ,?am>1 let u all ! m dete/ ^! iniquities4 ,:5 ,david ravi%es ! wife ( ,uriah1 & has ! husb& sla92 :5 ,solomon murd]s 8 bro!r2 :5 we f9d t ne>ly all ! petty k+s ( ! ,jews are murd]\s b>b>ians1 let u m5d our ways z we read ?is awful li/ ( crimes4 ,let u read ! :ole ,bible 9 ?is _s4 ,x discomposes ! man :o w\ld be le>n$2 x consoles ! man :o is cont5t to be good4 ,! o!r way to detect ! hidd5 mean+ ( ! ,scriptures is to reg>d ea* ev5t z an hi/orical & physical emblem4 ,t 0 ! me?od foll[$ by ,/4 ,clem5t1 ! great ,orig51 ! respectable ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & s _m o!r fa!rs4 ,accord+ to !m1 ! piece ( r$ clo? :i* ! h>lot ,rahab hung f h] w9d[ is ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,moses spread+ out 8 arms =e%ad[s ! sign ( ! cross4 ,judah ty+ 8 ass to a v9e prefigures ! entrance ( ,*ri/ into ,j]usalem4 ,/4 ,augu/9e comp>es ! ark ( ,noah to ,jesus4 ,/4 ,ambrose1 9 ! sev5? book ( 8 ,de ,arca1 says t ! mak+ ( ! little door 9 ! side ( ! ark signifies1 or may be reg>d$ z signify+1 a "p ( ! human body4 ,ev5 if all ^! int]pretations 7 true1 :at pr(it %\ld we d]ive f !m8 ,w m5 be ju/] f kn[+ :at ! little door ( ! ark means8 ,?is way ( int]pret+ ! ,holy ,scripture is b a subtlety ( ! m9d1 & x may injure ! innoc5ce ( ! he>t4 ,let u set aside all ! subjects ( cont5tion :i* divide nations1 & fill ourselves ) ! s5tim5ts :i* unite !m4 ,submission to ,god1 resignation1 ju/ice1 k9dness1 compassion1 & tol]ance--^? are ! great pr9ciples4 ,may all ! !ologians ( ! e>? live toge!r z m5 ( bus9ess d4 ,ask+ n ( :at c\ntry a man is1 nor 9 :at practices he 0 re>$1 !y obs]ve t[>ds ea* o!r ! inviolable rules ( equity1 fidelity1 & mutual confid5ce2 & by ^! pr9ciples !y b9d nations toge!r4 ,b ^? :o "k only _! own op9ions1 & condemn all o!rs2 ^? :o ?9k t ! light %9es = !m alone1 & all o!r m5 walk 9 d>kness2 ^? :o scruple to communicate ) =eign religions1 %\ld surely be entitl$ enemies ( ! human race4 ,i w n conceal f y t ! mo/ le>n$ m5 affirm t ! ,p5tateu* 0 n writt5 by ,moses4 ,! great ,newton1 :o alone discov]$ ! fir/ pr9ciple ( nature & ! nature ( light1 ! a/\nd+ g5ius :o p5etrat$ s deep into anci5t hi/ory1 attributes ! ,p5tateu* to ,samuel4 ,o!r di/+ui%$ s*ol>s ?9k t x 0 writt5 9 ! "t ( ,osias by ! scribe ,saphan2 o!rs believe t ,esdras wrote x1 on return+ f ! ,captivity4 ,all are agre$1 toge!r ) c]ta9 mod]n ,jews1 t ! "w 0 n writt5 by ,moses4 ,?is great objection is n z =midable z x seems4 ,we assur$ly respect ! ,decalogue1 f :atev] h& x came4 ,we dispute ab\t ! date ( sev]al laws :i* "s attribute to ,edw>d ,,iii41 o!rs to ,edw>d ,,ii42 b we d n hesitate to adopt ! laws1 because we p]ceive t !y are j & useful4 ,ev5 if ^? /atem5ts 9 ! preamble t are call$ 9 "q are reject$1 we d n reject ! law4 ,let u always di/+ui% betwe5 dogma & hi/ory1 & betwe5 dogma & t et]nal morality :i* all legislators h taught & all peoples receiv$4 ,o holy morality6 ,o ,god :o has creat$ x6 ,i w n conf9e y )9 ! b\nds ( a prov9ce4 ,y reign ov] all ?9k+ & s5ti5t be+s4 ,y are ! ,god ( ,jacob2 b y are ! ,god ( ! univ]se4 ,i _c end ?is disc\rse1 my de> bre?r51 )\t speak+ to y ( ! prophets4 ,?is is "o ( ! l>ge subjects on :i* our enemies ?9k to conf\nd u4 ,!y say t 9 anci5t times e p _h its prophets1 div9]s1 or se]s4 ,b does x foll[ t because ! ,egyptians1 = in/ance1 =m]ly _h false prophets ! ,jews may n h _h true prophets8 ,x is said t !y _h no mission1 no rank1 no legal au?orisation4 ,t is true2 b may !y n h be5 au?oris$ by ,god8 ,!y ana!matis$ ea* o!r1 & treat$ ea* o!r z rogues & fools2 ! prophet ,z$ekiah ev5 d>$ to /rike ! prophet ,mi*ah 9 ! pres5ce ( ,k+ ,josaphat4 ,we d n d5y x2 ! ,p>alipom5a record ! fact4 ,b is a m9i/ry less holy because ! m9i/]s disgrace x8 ,h n our prie/s done ?+s a hundr$ times worse ?an ! giv+ ( bl[s8 ,! comm&m5ts ( ,god to ! prophets ,ezekiel & ,hosea sc&alise ^? :o ?9k !mselves wise4 ,w !y n be wis] if !y see t ^! are allegories1 types1 p>ables1 9 accordance ) ! ways ( ! ,israelites8 ,& t we h no m "r to ask ( ,god an acc\nt ( ! ord]s he gives 9 accordance ) ^! ways ?an to ask ! p :y !y h !m8 ,no d\bt ,god c\ld n ord] a prophet to commit debau* & adult]y2 b he wi%$ to let u see t he disapprov$ ! crimes & adult]ies ( 8 *os5 p4 ,if we did n read ! ,bible 9 ?is _s1 we %\ld1 alas1 be fill$ ) horror & indignation at e page4 ,let u f9d edification 9 :at sc&alises o!rs2 let u f9d :olesome food 9 _! poison4 ,:5 ! prop] & lit]al mean+ ( a passage seems to be 9 accord ) reason1 let u keep to x4 ,:5 x seems to be contr>y to ! tru? or to s\nd morals1 let u seek a hidd5 mean+ t may reconcile tru? & s\nd morals ) ,holy ,scripture4 ,?us h all ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* proce$$2 ?us d we proce$ daily 9 ! comm]ce ( life4 ,we always int]pret fav\rably ! disc\rses ( our fri5ds & p>tisans4 ,w\ld we treat m h>%ly ! sacr$ books ( ! ,jews1 :i* are ! object ( our fai?8 ,let u1 9 f9e1 read ! ,jews' books t we may be ,*ri/ians2 & if !y make u n m wise1 let !m at lea/ make u bett]4 ,,on ,,! ,,int]pretation ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,my ,,bre?r53 ,!re are 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 z !re are 9 ! ,old1 dep?s t we _c s\nd1 & sublimities t our poor reason c nev] atta94 ,i d n propose "h ei!r to reconcile ! gospels1 :i* seem to contradict ea* o!r at times1 or to expla9 my/]ies :i*1 by ! v fact t !y are my/]ies1 mu/ be inexplicable4 ,let ^? :o are m le>n$ ?an ,i discuss :e!r ! ,holy ,family betook itself to ,egypt aft] ! massacre ( ! *ildr5 at ,be?lehem1 z ,mat!w says1 or rema9$ 9 ,juda1 z ,luke says2 let !m seek if ! fa!r ( ,joseph 0 nam$ ,jacob1 8 gr&fa!r ,mat?an1 & 8 great-gr&fa!r ,eleaz>1 or if 8 great-gr&fa!r 0 ,levi1 8 gr&fa!r ,mat?at1 & 8 fa!r ,heli4 ,let !m settle ?is g5ealogical tree accord+ to _! light2 x is a /udy t ,i respect4 ,i "k n if x w\ld enlight5 my m9d1 b ,i d "k t x _c speak to my he>t4 ,paul ! ,apo/le tells u himself1 9 8 fir/ epi/le to ,timo?y1 t we mu/ n tr\ble ourselves ab\t g5ealogies4 ,we w n be any ! bett] = kn[+ precisely :o 7 ! ance/ors ( ,joseph1 9 :at ye> ,jesus 0 born1 & :e!r ,james 0 8 bro!r or 8 c\s94 ,:at w x pr(it u to consult :at rema9s ( ! ,roman annals to see if ,augu/us really did ord] a c5sus ( all ! peoples ( ! e>? :5 ,m>y 0 pregnant ) ,jesus1 ,quir9us gov]nor ( ,syria1 & ,h]od k+ ( ,juda8 ,quir9us1 :om ,luke calls ,cyr5ius1 0 7! le>n$ say7 n gov]nor 9 ! "t ( ,h]od1 b ( ,ar*elaus1 t5 ye>s lat]2 & ,augu/us nev] ord]$ a c5sus ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,we are told t ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews1 attribut$ to ,paul1 0 n writt5 by ,paul2 t nei!r ,revelation nor ! ,gospel ( ,john 0 writt5 by ,john2 t ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is gospel 0 evid5tly writt5 by a ,greek ,platoni/2 t ! book c\ld n possibly come f a ,jew2 & t no ,jew c\ld ev] h made ,jesus say3 8,i give y a new comm&m5t3 t y love ea* o!r40 ,?is comm&m5t1 !y say1 0 c]ta9ly n new4 ,x is giv5 expressly1 & 9 ev5 /rong] t]ms1 9 ! laws ( ,leviticus3 8,?\ %alt love ?y ,god above all ?+s1 & ?y neighb\r z ?yself40 ,su* a man z ,jesus ,*ri/--a man le>n$ 9 ! law1 :o conf\nd$ ! doctors at ! age ( twelve1 & 0 ev] speak+ ( ! law--c\ld n be ignorant ( ! law2 & 8 belov$ disciple c\ld n possibly h *>g$ him ) s palpable a mi/ake4 ,let u n be tr\bl$1 my bre?r54 ,let u rememb] t ,jesus spoke a dialect1 half ,syrian & half ,phnician1 t 0 h>dly intelligible to ,greeks2 t we h ! ,gospel ( ,john only 9 ,greek2 t ?is gospel 0 writt5 m ?an fifty ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,jesus2 t ! copyi/s may easily h alt]$ ! text2 & t x is m probable t ! text ran1 8,i give y a comm&m5t t is n new10 ?an t x said3 8,i give y a new comm&m5t40 ,let u return to our great pr9ciple4 ,! precept is good2 x is our duty to fulfil x z well z we may1 :e!r or no ,zoroa/] 0 ! fir/ to ann\nce x1 & ,moses copi$ x1 & ,jesus r5ew$ x4 ,%all we p5etrate into ! ?icke/ d>kness ( antiquity to le>n :e!r ! d>kness :i* cov]$ ! :ole e>? at ! dea? ( ,jesus 0 due to an eclipse ( ! sun at a "t ( full moon1 :e!r an a/ronom] nam$ ,phlegon1 :om we h no long]1 spoke ( ?is ph5om5on1 or if any "o ev] saw ! /> ( ! ?ree wise m58 ,^! are difficulties t may v well int]e/ an antiqu>ian2 b he w n h sp5t 9 good works ! preci\s "t he devotes to ! cle>+-up ( ?is *aos2 & he w end ) m d\bt ?an piety4 ,my bre?r51 ! man :o %>es 8 bread ) ! poor is bett] ?an he :o has comp>$ ! ,hebrew text ) ! ,greek1 & bo? ( !m ) ! ,sam>itan4 ,all t relates to hi/ory only gives rise to a ?\s& disputes2 :at conc]ns our duties gives rise to none4 ,y w nev] und]/& h[ ! devil took ,god into ! des]t2 h[ he tempt$ him = =ty days2 or h[ he c>ri$ him to ! top ( a hill f :i* he c\ld see all ! k+doms ( ! _w4 ,! devil (f]+ all ^! ?+s to ,god w greatly %ock y4 ,y w seek ! my/]y t is hidd5 9 ^! ?+s1 & s _m o!rs1 & y\r m9d w be fatigu$ 9 va94 ,e ^w w plunge y into unc]ta9ty1 & ! angui% ( a re/less curiosity :i* c nev] be satisfi$4 ,b if y conf9e y\r att5tion to morals ! /orm w pass1 & y w re/ 9 ! bosom ( virtue4 ,i v5ture to flatt] myself1 my bre?r51 t if ! greate/ enemies ( ! ,*ri/ian religion 7 to li/5 to u 9 ?is seclud$ temple1 9 :i* ! love ( virtue br+s u toge!r2 if ,"l ,h]b]t1 ,"l ,%aftesbury1 ,"l ,bol+broke1 ,t9dal1 ,tol&1 ,coll9s1 ,:i/on1 ,tr5*>d1 ,gordon1 & ,swift 7 to witness our g5tle & innoc5t simplicity1 !y w\ld h less disda9 & repugnance = u4 ,!y cease n to reproa* u ) an absurd fanaticism4 ,we are n fanatical 9 belong+ to ! religion ( ,jesus4 ,he wor%ipp$ "o ,god1 z we d2 he despis$ empty c]emonies1 z we d4 ,no gospel has said t 8 "m 0 ! "m ( ,god1 or t he 0 consub/antial ) ,god4 ,9 no gospel w y f9d t ! disciples ( ,jesus %\ld arrogate ! title ( 8,holy ,fa!r10 or 8,my ,"l10 or t a prie/ :o lives at ,lambe? %\ld h an income ( two ?\s& a ye> :ile s _m useful till]s ( ! soil h h>dly ! se$ = ! ?ree or f\r acres !y wat] ) _! te>s4 ,! gospel did n say to ! bi%ops ( ,rome3 ,=ge a donation ( ,con/ant9e 9 ord] to seize ! city ( ! ,scipios & ,cs>s & become sov]eigns ( ,naples4 ,x did n urge ! bi%ops ( ,g]many to pr(it by a "t ( an>*y to invade half ( ,g]many4 ,jesus 0 a poor man prea*+ to ! poor4 ,:at %\ld we say ( ! foll[]s ( ,p5n & ,fox1 ^? enemies ( pomp & fri5ds ( peace1 if !y bore gold5 mitres on _! heads & 7 surr\nd$ by soldi]s2 if !y grasp$ ! sub/ance ( ! peoples2 if !y w\ld give ord]s to k+s2 if _! satellites1 ) execution]s 9 _! tra91 7 to cry out at ! top ( _! voices1 8,fooli% nations1 believe 9 ,fox & ,p5n1 or y w die 9 torm5t08 ,y "k bett] ?an ,i :at a fatal contra/ ! ages h witness$ betwe5 ! humility ( ,jesus & ! pride ( ^? :o h assum$ 8 "n2 betwe5 _! av>ice & 8 pov]ty1 _! debau*es & 8 *a/ity1 8 submissiv5ess & _! bloody tyranny4 ,i confess1 my bre?r51 t no ^w ( 8 has made su* an impression on me z t :i* he spoke to ^? :o 7 s brutal z to /rike him be=e he 0 l$ to execution3 8,if ,i h spok5 well1 :y d y /rike me80 ,t is :at ought to be said to all p]secutors4 ,if my op9ion diff]s f y\rs on ?+s t x is impossible to und]/&2 if ,i see ! m]cy ( ,god :]e y w\ld see only 8 p[]2 if ,i h said t all ! disciples ( ,jesus 7 equal1 :ile y h ?\ght x y\r duty to trample on !m2 if ,i h wor%ipp$ ,god alone :ile y h giv5 him associates2 if ,i h spok5 ill 9 diff]+ f y1 be> witness ( ! evil2 & if ,i h spok5 well1 :y d y heap on me y\r insults & epi!ts8 ,:y d y p]secute me1 ca/ me 9 irons1 deliv] me to torture & flames1 & insult me ev5 aft] my dea?8 ,if1 inde$1 ,i _h spok5 ill1 x 0 y\rs only to pity & in/ruct me4 ,y are confid5t t y are infallible1 t y\r op9ion is div9e1 t ! gates ( hell w nev] prevail aga9/ x1 t ! :ole _w w "o day embrace y\r op9ion1 t ! _w w be subject to y1 & t y w rule f ,m\nt ,atlas to ! isl&s ( ,japan4 ,h[1 !n1 c my op9ion hurt y8 ,y d n fe> me1 & y p]secute me6 ,y despise me1 & d away ) me6 ,:at reply c we make1 my bre?r51 to ^! mode/ & =ceful reproa*es8 ,only ! reply ( ! wolf to ! lamb1 8,y h di/urb$ ! wat] t ,i dr9k40 ,?us h m5 treat$ ea* o!r--! gospel 9 "o h& & sword 9 ! o!r2 prea*+ dis9t]e/$ness & accumulat+ treasures1 prais+ humility & walk+ on ! heads ( pro/rate pr9ces1 recomm5d+ m]cy & %$d+ human blood4 ,if ^! b>b>ians f9d 9 ! gospel any p>able t may be di/ort$ 9 _! fav\r by fraudul5t int]pretation1 !y fa/5 ^u x z an anvil on :i* !y may =ge _! murd]\s weapons4 ,is !re a ^w ab\t two swords hung above a wall8 ,!y arm !mselves at once ) a hundr$ swords4 ,x is said t a k+ has kill$ 8 fatt$ bea/s1 compell$ ! bl9d & ! lame to come to 8 fea/1 & ca/ into out] d>kness him :o _h no w$d+ g>m5t2 is t1 my bre?r51 a reason t ju/ifies !m 9 putt+ y 9 prison l ?is gue/1 te>+ y\r limbs asund] on ! rack1 pluck+ out y\r eyes to make y bl9d l ^? :o 7 dragg$ to ! fea/1 or slay+ y z ! k+ slew 8 fatt$ bea/s8 ,yet x is to su* equivocal passages t m5 h s (t5 appeal$ = ! "r to desolate a l>ge "p ( ! e>?4 ,^? t]rible words1 8,n peace1 b a sword1 ,i br+ unto y10 h caus$ m ,*ri/ians to p]i% ?an ambition has ev] sacrific$4 ,! scatt]$ & unhappy ,jews are consol$ 9 _! wret*$ness :5 !y see u always fight+ ea* o!r f ! e>lie/ days ( ,*ri/ianity1 always at w> 9 public or 9 secret1 p]secut$ or p]secut+1 oppress$ or oppress+4 ,!y are unit$1 & !y laugh at our int]m9able qu>rels4 ,x seems t we h be5 conc]n$ only 9 av5g+ !m4 ,wret*es t we are1 we insult ! pagans1 yet !y nev] knew our !ological qu>rels2 !y h nev] %$ a drop ( blood = ! int]pretation ( a dogma1 & we h flood$ ! e>? ) x4 ,9 ! bitt]ness ( my he>t ,i say to y3 ,jesus 0 p]secut$1 & :oev] %>es 8 ?\ghts w be p]secut$4 ,:at 0 ,jesus 9 ! eyes ( m51 :o c\ld assur$ly h no suspicion ( 8 div9ity8 ,a good man :o1 hav+ be5 born 9 pov]ty1 spoke to ! poor 9 opposition to ! sup]/itions ( ! ri* ,ph>isees & ! insol5t prie/s--! ,socrates ( ,galilee4 ,y "k h[ he said to ^! ,ph>isees1 8,woe unto y1 ye bl9d guides1 :i* /ra9 at a gnat & swall[ a camel6 ,woe unto y1 = ye make clean ! outside ( ! cup & ( ! platt]1 b )9 y are full ( extortion & excess0 7,mat!w xxiii474 ,he (t5 calls !m 8:it5$ sepul*res0 & 8race ( vip]s40 ,!y 71 nev]!less1 m5 ( "s dignity1 & !y av5g$ !mselves by 8 dea?4 ,arnold ( ,brescia1 ,john ,huss1 & ,j]ome ( ,prague said mu* less ?an ?is to ! pontiffs ( _! "t1 & !y1 too1 7 put to dea?4 ,nev] tilt aga9/ ! rul+ sup]/ition1 unless y be p[]ful en\gh to )/& x1 or clev] en\gh to escape its pursuit4 ,! fable ( ,our ,lady ( ,loretto is m extravagant ?an all ,ovid's metamorphoses1 x is true2 ! miracle ( ,/4 ,janu>ius at ,naples is m ridicul\s ?an ! miracle ( ,egnatia1 m5tion$ by ,horace1 ,i agree4 ,b say al\d at ,naples or ,loretto :at y ?9k ( ^! absurdities1 & x w co/ y y\r life4 ,x is n s among c]ta9 enlight5$ nations4 ,!re ! p h _! errors1 ?\gh !y are less gross2 & ! lea/ sup]/iti\s p are always ! mo/ tol]ant4 ,ca/ (f all sup]/ition1 & be m humane4 ,b :5 y speak aga9/ fanaticism1 ang] n ! fanatics2 !y are deliri\s invalids1 :o w\ld assault _! physicians4 ,let u make _! ways m g5tle1 n aggravate !m4 ,& let u in/il1 drop by drop1 into _! s\ls t div9e balm ( tol]ance :i* !y w\ld reject ) horror if (f]$ to !m 9 full4 ,,epi/le ,,to ,,! ,,romans 7,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,italian ,,( ,,c\nt ,,de ,,corb]a7 ,,article ,i4 ,illu/ri\s ,romans1 x is n ! ,apo/le ,paul :o has ! hon\r ( address+ y4 ,x is n t wor?y ,jew :o 0 born at ,t>sus1 accord+ to ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 & at ,giscala accord+ to ,j]ome & o!r fa!rs2 a dispute t has l$ "s to believe t "o may be born 9 two diff]5t places at ! same "t1 j z !re are among y c]ta9 bodies :i* are creat$ by a few ,lat9 words1 & are f\nd 9 a hundr$ ?\s& places at ! same "t4#ch ,x is n ! bald1 hot-head$ man1 ) long & broad nose1 black eyebr[s1 ?ick & cont9u\s1 & broad %\ld]s & crook$ legs1#ci :o1 hav+ c>ri$ (f ! daught] ( 8 ma/] ,gamaliel1 & be+ subsequ5tly dissatisfi$ ) h]1 divorc$ h]#dj2 &1 9 pique1 if we may believe contempor>y ,jewi% writ]s1 put himself at ! head ( ! nasc5t body ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,x is n t ,/4 ,paul :o1 :5 he 0 a s]vant ( ,gamaliel1 _h ! good ,/eph51 ! patron ( deacons & ( ^? :o are /on$1 sla9 ) /ones1 & :o1 :ile x 0 done1 took c>e ( ! cloaks ( ! murd]]s--a fitt+ employm5t = a prie/'s valet4 ,x is n he :o fell f 8 horse1 bl9d$ 9 midday by a heav5ly light1 & to :om ,god said 9 ! air1 z he says e day to s _m o!rs3 8,:y p]secute/ ?\ me80 ,x is n he :o wrote to ! half-,jewi%1 half-,*ri/ian %opkeep]s ( ,cor9?3 8,h we n p[] to eat & to dr9k 444 & to lead ab\t a si/] or a wife8 ,:o goe? to w> any "t at 8 own *>ge80#da ,by ^? f9e words ! ,rev]5d ,fa!r ,m5\1 ,jesuit & apo/le ( ,lorra9e1 pr(it$ s well t !y br\ght him1 at ,nancy1 eighty ?\s& francs a ye>1 a palace1 & m ?an "o h&some woman4 ,x is n he :o wrote to ! little flock 9 ,!ssalonica t ! univ]se 0 ab\t to be de/roy$1 & on t acc\nt x 0 n wor? :ile keep+ money ab\t "o4 ,z ,paul said3 8,= ! ,"l himself %all desc5d f heav5 ) a %\t1 ) ! voice ( ! ar*angel1 & ) ! trump ( ,god2 & ! dead 9 ,*ri/ %all rise fir/2 !n we :i* are alive & rema9 %all be caught up toge!r ) !m40#db ,obs]ve1 g5]\s ,romans1 t ,/4 ,paul did b ann\nce ^! pleasant ?+s to ! tailors & groc]s ( ,!ssalonica 9 virtue ( ! express prophecy ( ,luke 7*4 xxi471 :o _h publicly--t is1 to "s fifte5 or sixte5 *os5 s\ls among ! p--av]r$ t ?is g5]ation w\ld n pass away be=e ! son ( man came on ! cl\ds ) great p[] & glory4 ,x is true1 ,o ,romans1 t ,jesus came n on ! cl\ds ) a great p[]2 b at lea/ ! popes h _h ?is great p[]1 & ?us are ! prophecies fulfill$4 ,he :o writes ?is epi/le to ! ,romans is1 aga91 n t ,/4 ,paul1 half ,jew1 half ,*ri/ian1 :o1 hav+ prea*$ ,jesus & ann\nc$ ! de/ruction ( ! ,mosaic law1 n only w5t to ,judaise 9 ! temple ( ,h]%alaim1 :i* ! vulg> call ,j]usalem1 b1 on ! advice ( 8 fri5d ,james1 obs]v$ !re c]ta9 rigor\s practices :i* ! ,holy ,inquisition n[ puni%es ) dea?4#dc ,he :o writes to y has be5 nei!r prie/'s valet1 nor murd]]1 nor keep] ( cloaks1 nor apo/ate1 nor mak] ( t5ts1 nor buri$ 9 ! dep?s ( ! sea1 l ,jonah1 = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 nor caught up to ! ?ird heav51 l ,elias1 )\t le>n+ :at ! ?ird heav5 is4 ,he :o writes to y is m a citiz5 ?an ?is ,saul ,paul1 :o1 x is said1 boa/$ ( be+ "o1 & assur$ly 0 n4 ,= ,t>sus1 if he came f !re1 0 n made a ,roman colony until ! "t ( ,c>acalla #baa-bag ,a4,d42 & ,giscala 9 ,galilee1 f :i* x is m probable t he came1 s9ce he 0 ( ! tribe ( ,b5jam91 0 c]ta9ly n a ,roman t[n4 ,roman citiz5%ip 0 n be/[$ on ,jews at ,t>sus or any:]e else4 ,! au?or ( ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les 7xvi41 #cg7 ass]ts t ?is ,jew ,paul & ano!r ,jew nam$ ,silas 7 arre/$ by ! au?orities 9 ! t[n ( ,philippi 9 ,mac$onia 7a t[n f\nd$ by ! fa!r ( ,alex&]1 ne> :i* ! battle betwe5 ,cassius & ,brutus1 on ! "o side1 & ,antony & ,octavian1 on ! o!r1 decid$ ! fate ( y\r empire74 ,paul & ,silas 7 sc\rg$ = /irr+ up ! populace1 & ,paul said to ! (fic]s3 8,!y h beat5 u1 be+ ,romans0 7,acts xvi41 #cg74 ,comm5tators freely admit t ,silas 0 n a ,roman citiz54 ,!y d n say t ! au?or ( ,acts li$1 b !y agree t :at he says is untrue2 & ,i am sorry = ! ,holy ,_s1 :o1 no d\bt1 dictat$ ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 ,9 f9e1 he :o n[ writes to ! desc5dants ( ,m>cellus1 ! ,scipios1 ! ,catos1 ,cic]o1 ,titus1 & ! ,anton9es1 is a ,roman g5tleman ( an anci5t & transplant$ family1 "o :o *]i%es 8 v5]able c\ntry1 bemoans h] condition1 & has left 8 he>t 9 h] ,capitol4 ,romans1 li/5 to y\r fell[-citiz52 li/5 to ,rome & y\r anci5t val\r4 ,l',italico valor non ancor morto4 ,,article ,,ii4 ,:5 ,i travell$ among y1 ,i wept to see ! ,zocolanti occupy+ t v ,capitol to :i* ,paulus ,emilus l$ ,k+ ,p]seus1 ! desc5dant ( ,alex&]1 *a9$ to 8 triumphal c>2 t temple to :i* ! ,scipios _h br\ght ! spoils ( ,c>?age1 & 9 :i* ,pompey triumph$ ov] ,asia1 ,africa1 & ,europe4 ,b ev5 m bitt] 7 my te>s :5 ,i recall$ ! fea/ t ,cs> spread = our ance/ors on tw5ty-two ?\s& tables1 & :5 ,i comp>$ ! congi>ia1 t imm5se free di/ribution ( corn1 ) ! scanty & poor bread t y eat to-day1 sold to y at s high a price by ! apo/olic *amb]4 ,alas6 y _c ev5 s[ y\r soil )\t ! p]mission ( ^! apo/les2 &1 inde$1 :at h y ) :i* to s[ x8 ,!re is n a citiz5 among y1 save a few t live 9 ! ,tra/ev]e qu>t]1 :o has a pl\gh4 ,y\r ,god f$ five ?\s& m51 to say no?+ ( ! wom5 & *ildr51 ) five loaves & two gudgeons1 accord+ to ,/4 ,john2 f\r ?\s& m51 accord+ to ,mat!w4#dd ,y1 ,romans1 are made to swall[ ! gudgeon#de )\t receiv+ any bread4 ,! successors ( ,lucullus are r$uc$ to ! holy practice ( fa/+4 ,y\r climate has nev] *ang$1 :atev] be said to ! contr>y4 ,:o1 !n1 has s greatly *ang$ y\r soil1 y\r =tunes1 & y\r _s8 ,:5ce comes x t ! :ole c\ntry f ! gates ( ,rome to ,o/ia is inhabit$ only by reptiles8 ,:y d we f9d t1 f ,montefiascone to ,vit]bo1 & 9 ! :ole region ?r\gh :i* ! ,appian ,way /ill leads to ,naples1 a va/ des]t has replac$ ! smil+ l& t 0 once cov]$ ) palaces1 g>d5s1 h>ve/s1 & c\ntless numb]s ( citiz5s8 ,i s\ght ! ,=um ,romanum ( ,trajan1 t squ>e once pav$ ) reticulat$ m>ble1 surr\nd$ by a colonnad$ p]i/yle & adorn$ ) a hundr$ /atues2 & :at ,i f\nd 0 ! ,campo ,vac9o1 ! cattle-m>ket1 a m>ket ( lean & milkless c[s4 ,& ,i ask$ myself3 ,:]e are ^? two million ,romans :o once peopl$ ?is capital8 ,i f\nd t on ! av]age only #cejj *ildr5 are n[ born annually 9 ,rome4 ,sett+ aside ,jews1 prie/s1 & =eign]s1 ,rome _c h "o hundr$ ?\s& inhabitants4 ,i ask$ ( !m3 ,^: is ?is spl5did build+ t ,i see1 girt ab\t ) ru9s8 ,x belongs to ! monks1 !y said4 ,"h once 0 ! h\se ( ,augu/us2 !re ,cic]o dwelt1 & !re ,pompey4 ,on _! ru9s h aris5 conv5ts4 ,i wept1 ,romans2 & ,i ?9k highly en\gh ( y to believe t y weep ) me4 ,,article ,,iii4 ,x 0 expla9$ to me t an ag$ prie/1 :o has be5 appo9t$ pope by o!r prie/s1 _c f9d ei!r ! "t or ! w to relieve y\r mis]y4 ,he c ?9k only ( liv+4 ,:at int]e/ %\ld he take 9 ,romans8 ,he is himself r>ely a ,roman4 ,:at c>e %\ld he take ( an e/ate t w n pass to 8 *ildr58 ,rome is n 8 patrimony1 z x 0 t ( ! ,cs>s4 ,x is an ecclesia/ical b5efice2 ! papacy is a k9d ( comm5datory abbey1#df :i* ea* abbot ru9s :ile he lives4 ,! ,cs>s _h a real int]e/ 9 see+ ,rome fl\ri%2 ! patricians1 "u ! ,republic1 _h an ev5 great] int]e/4 ,no dignities c\ld be obta9$ unless ! p 7 won ) b5efits1 cajol$ by ! appe>ance ( virtue1 or fir$ by great victories4 ,a pope %uts himself up ) 8 money & 8 unleav5$ bread1 & gives only 8 bless+ to ! p t 0 once kn[n z 8! ,p ,k+40 ,y\r mis=tunes began ) ! transf] ( ! ,empire ( ,rome to ! b\nds ( ,?race4 ,con/ant9e1 *os5 emp]or by a few b>b>ic cohorts 9 di/ant ,engl&1 triumph$ ov] ! ,max5tius *os5 by y4 ,max5tius 0 dr[n$ 9 ! ,tib] 9 ! r\t1 & left ! ,empire to 8 rival4 ,b ! conqu]or w5t to hide himself on ! %ores ( ! ,black ,sea2 he c\ld n h done m if he _h be5 beat54 ,/a9$ ) debau* & crime1 murd]] ( 8 fa!r-9-law1 bro!r-9-law1 nephew1 son1 & wife1 abhorr$ by ! ,romans1 he ab&on$ ! anci5t religion "u :i* !y _h conqu]$ s _m ,/ates1 & ca/ himself into ! arms ( ! ,*ri/ians :o _h f\nd ! money to :i* he ow$ 8 cr[n4#dg ,he ?us betray$ ! ,empire z soon z he obta9$ x1 &1 9 transplant+ to ! ,bosphorus ! great tree t _h %elt]$ ,europe1 ,africa1 & ,asia ,m9or1 he did fatal injury to its roots4 ,y\r next mis=tune 0 ?is ecclesia/ical maxim1 quot$ 9 a celebrat$ ,fr5* poem1 8,le ,lutr910 & v gravely true3 8,ru9 ! _w1 if ne$ be2 x is ! _s ( ! ,*ur*40 ,! ,*ur* f\ght ! anci5t religion ( ! ,empire1 & tore its own entrails 9 ! /ruggle1 divid+1 ) equal fury & imprud5ce1 on a hundr$ incompreh5sible que/ions ( :i* none _h ev] he>d be=e4 ,! ,*ri/ian sects1 h\nd+ ea* o!r ) fire & sword = metaphysical *imras & sophisms ( ! s*ool1 unit$ to seize ! spoils ( ! prie/hood f\nd$ by ,numa4 ,!y did n re/ until !y _h de/roy$ ! alt> ( ,victory at ,rome4 ,/4 ,ambrose1 pass+ f ! b> to ! bi%opric ( ,milan )\t be+ a deacon1 & y\r ,damasus1 :om a s*ism made bi%op ( ,rome1 pr(it$ by ?is fatal success4 ,!y secur$ ! de/ruction ( ! alt> ( ,victory1 :i* _h be5 set up on ! ,capitol#dh ne>ly eight hundr$ ye>s be=e--a monum5t ( ! c\rage ( y\r ance/ors1 de/9$ to ma9ta9 _! val\r 9 _! desc5dants4 ,! emblematic figure ( ,victory 0 no object ( idolatry1 l y\r /atues ( ,antony ( ,padua 7:o 8he>s ^? :om ,god w n he>071 ( ,francis ( ,assisi 7:o is repres5t$ ov] ! door ( a *ur* at ,rheims ) ?is inscription3 8,to ,francis & ,jesus1 bo? crucifi$071 ( ,/4 ,crep91 ,/4 ,b>be1 & s _m o!rs2 or l ! blood ( a score ( sa9ts 7head$ by y\r patron ,janu>ius1 :om ! re/ ( ! e>? kn[s n7 t is liquefi$ at ,naples on c]ta9 days1 or ! prepuce & navel ( ,jesus1 or ! milk1 & hair1 & %ift1 & petticoat ( 8 "m4 ,^! are idolatries1 z disgu/+ z !y are accr$it$4 ,b ?is ,victory1 surm\nt+ a globe1 ) outspread w+s1 a sword 9 h&1 & head cr[n$ ) laurels1 0 m]ely ! noble device ( ! ,roman ,empire1 ! symbol ( virtue4 ,fanaticism robb$ y ( ! pl$ge ( y\r glory4 ,) :at effront]y did ^! new en?usia/s d>e to sub/itute _! ,ro*s1 & ,fiacres1 & ,eu/aces1 & ,ursulas1 & ,s*ola/icas = ,neptune1 ! rul] ( ! seas2 ,m>s1 ! god ( w>2 & ,juno1 ! rul] ( ! air1 "u ! sov]eignty ( ! great ,zeus1 ! et]nal ,demi\rgos1 ma/] ( ! elem5ts1 ! gods1 & m56 ,a ?\s& times m idolatr\s ?an y\r ance/ors1 ^! maniacs bade y wor%ip ! bones ( ! dead4 ,^! plagi>i/s ( antiquity borr[$ ! lu/ral wat] ( ! ,romans & ,greeks1 _! procession1 ! confession t 0 made 9 ! my/]ies ( ,c]es & ,isis1 _! inc5se1 libations1 hymns1 & ! v g>m5ts ( _! prie/s4 ,!y spoil$ ! old religion1 & clad !mselves 9 its ve/ure4 ,ev5 to-day !y b[ d[n be=e ! /atues ( unkn[n m51 :ile !y heap reproa*es on a ,p]icles1 a ,solon1 a ,miltiades1 a ,cic]o1 a ,scipio1 or a ,cato = b5d+ ! knee be=e ^! emblems ( div9ity4 ,nay1 is !re a s+le episode 9 ! ,old or ! ,new ,te/am5t t has n be5 copi$ f ! anci5t my?ologies ( ,india1 ,*alda1 ,egypt1 & ,greece8 ,is n ! sacrifice ( ,idom5e ! pla9 s\rce ( t ( ,jeph?a8 ,is n ! roe ( ,iphig5ia ! ram ( ,isaac8 ,d y n recognise ,eurydice 9 ,edi?1 ! wife ( ,lot8 ,m9]va & ! w+$ horse ,pegasus drew f\nta9s f ! rocks :5 !y /ruck !m2 ! same prodigy is ascrib$ to ,moses4 ,bac*us _h cross$ ! ,r$ ,sea dry-%od be=e he did1 & he _h caus$ ! sun & moon to /& /ill be=e ,jo%ua4 ,we h ! same leg5ds1 ! same extravagances1 on e side4 ,!re is n a s+le miracul\s action 9 ! gospels t y w n f9d 9 mu* e>li] writ]s4 ,! goat ,amal?a _h a horn ( pl5ty long be=e x 0 said t ,jesus _h f$ five ?\s& m51 n to speak ( ! wom51 ) two fi%es4 ,! daught]s ( ,anius _h *ang$ wat] into w9e & oil be=e !re 0 any "q ( ! m>riage-fea/ ( ,cana4 ,a?alide1 ,hippolytus1 ,alce/is1 ,pelops1 & ,h]es _h return$ to life long be=e m5 spoke ( ! resurrection ( ,jesus2 & ,romulus 0 born ( a ve/al virg9 m ?an sev5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ,jesus began to be reg>d$ z virg9-born4 ,comp>e1 & judge = y\rselves4 ,,article ,,iv4 ,:5 y\r alt> ( ,victory _h be5 de/roy$1 ! b>b>ians came & f9i%$ ! "w ( ! prie/s4 ,rome became ! prey & ! sport ( nations t x _h s long rul$1 if n repress$4 ,x is true t y /ill _h consuls1 a s5ate1 municipal laws2 b ! popes h robb$ y ( :at ! ,huns & ,go?s _h left y4 ,x 0 9 e>li] times unhe>d ( t a prie/ %\ld set up royal rights 9 any city ( ! ,empire4 ,x is well kn[n all ov] ,europe1 except 9 y\r *ancell]y1 t1 until ! "t ( ,gregory ,,vii41 y\r pope 0 b a metropolitan bi%op1 subject to ! ,greek1 !n ! ,franki%1 emp]ors1 & !n to ! h\se ( ,saxony2 receiv+ inve/iture f !m1 compell$ to s5d a pr(ession ( fai? to ! bi%ops ( ,rav5na & ,milan1 z we read expressly 9 y\r ,di>ium ,romanum4 ,8 title ( 8patri>* ( ! we/0 gave him mu* pre/ige1 b no sov]eign rights4 ,a prie/-k+ 0 a blasphemy 9 a religion ( :i* ! f\nd] expressly says 9 ! gospels3 8,!re %all be no fir/ & la/ among y40 ,weigh well1 ,romans1 ^! o!r words t are put 9 ! m\? ( ,jesus3 8,to sit on my "r h& & on my left x is n m9e to give1 b = :om x is prep>$ ( my fa!r40#di ,"k1 moreov]1 t ! ,jews meant1 & /ill mean1 by 8son ( ,god0 a j man4 ,inquire ( ! eight ?\s& ,jews :o sell old clo!s1 z !y ev] h done1 9 y\r city1 & pay close att5tion to ! foll[+ words3 8,:osoev] w be great among y1 let him be y\r m9i/]4 ,! ,son ( ,man came n to be m9i/]$ unto1 b to m9i/]40#ej ,d ^! cle> & precise words mean t ,boniface ,,viii4 0 b\nd to cru% ! ,colonna family2 t ,alex&] ,,vi4 0 b\nd to poison s _m ,roman b>ons2 or t ! bi%op ( ,rome receiv$ f ,god1 9 a "t ( an>*y1 ! du*y ( ,rome1 ,f]r>a1 ,bologna1 ! ,m>* ( ,ancona1 ,ca/ro1 & ,ronciglione1 & all ! c\ntry f ,vit]bo to ,t]rac9a1 :i* h be5 wre/$ f _! lawful own]s8 ,?9k y1 ,romans1 t ,jesus 0 s5t on e>? by ,god solely = ! ,rezzonico8 ,,article ,v4 ,y w ask me by :at means ?is /range revolution ( all div9e & human laws 0 br\ght ab\t4 ,i am ab\t to tell y2 & ,i defy ! mo/ zeal\s fanatic 9 :om !re is /ill a sp>k ( reason1 & ! mo/ det]m9$ rogue :o has /ill a trace ( dec5cy 9 8 s\l1 to resi/ ! =ce ( ! tru?1 if he reads ?is important inquiry ) ! att5tion x des]ves4 ,x is c]ta9 & und\bt$ t ! e>lie/ societies ( ! ,galilans1 aft]w>ds call$ ,*ri/ians1 rema9$ 9 obscurity1 9 ! mud ( ! cities2 & x is c]ta9 t1 :5 ^! ,*ri/ians began to write1 !y entru/$ _! books only to ^? :o _h be5 initiat$ into _! my/]ies4 ,!y 7 n ev5 giv5 to ! cate*um5s1 mu* less to p>tisans ( ! imp]ial religion4 ,no ,roman be=e ! "t ( ,trajan #ih-aag ,a4,d4 knew t ! gospels exi/$2 no ,greek or ,lat9 writ] has ev] quot$ ! ^w 8gospel02 ,plut>*1 ,lucian1 ,petronius1 & ,apuleius1 :o speak ( ev]y?+1 are entirely ignorant ( ! exi/5ce ( gospels4 ,?is pro(1 ) a hundr$ o!rs1 %[s ! absurdity ( ^? au?ors :o n[ hold1 or pret5d to hold1 t ! disciples ( ,jesus di$ = ! tru? ( ^! gospels1 ( :i* ! ,romans did n he> a ^w dur+ two hundr$ ye>s4 ,! half-,jew1 half-,*ri/ian ,galilans1 sep>at$ f ! disciples ( ,john1 & f ! ,!rapeuts1 ,ess5ians1 ,judaites1 ,h]odians1 ,sadducees1 & ,ph>isees1 recruit$ _! little flock among ! l[e/ ( ! p1 n1 inde$1 by means ( books1 b ( spee*1 by cate*is+ ! wom5 & girls 7,acts xvi41 #ac & #ad7 & *ildr51 & pass+ f t[n to t[n2 9 a ^w1 l all o!r sects4 ,tell me frankly1 ,romans1 :at y\r ance/ors w\ld h said if ,/4 ,paul1 or ,simon ,b>jona1 or ,mat?ias1 or ,mat!w1 or ,luke1 _h appe>$ 9 ! ,s5ate & said3 8,our ,god1 ,jesus1 :o pass$ z ! son ( a c>p5t] dur+ life1 0 born 9 ! ye> #geb f ! f\ndation ( ,rome1 "u ! gov]nor%ip ( ,cyr5ius 7,luke ii41 #b71 9 a ,jewi% village call$ ,be?lehem1 to :i* 8 fa!r ,joseph & 8 "m ,m>iah _h gone to be includ$ 9 ! c5sus :i* ,augu/us _h ord]$4 ,?is ,god 0 born 9 a /able1 betwe5 an ox & an ass4#ea ,! angels came d[n f heav5 & in=m$ ! peasants ( 8 bir?2 a new /> appe>$ 9 ! heav5s1 & l$ to him ?ree k+s or wise m5 f ! ea/1 :o br\ght him a tribute ( inc5se1 myrrh1 & gold2 b 9 spite ( ?is gold he 0 poor ?r\gh\t life4 ,h]od1 :o 0 !n dy+1 & :om y _h made k+1 hav+ le>n$ t ! new-born *ild 0 k+ ( ! ,jews1 _h f\rte5 ?\s& new-born infants ( ! di/rict put to dea?1 to make sure t ! k+ 0 includ$ 7,mat!w ii41 #af74 ,h[ev]1 "o ( our writ]s inspir$ by ,god says t ! ,god-k+ *ild fl$ to ,egypt2 & ano!r writ]1 equally inspir$ by ,god1 says t ! *ild rema9$ at ,be?lehem 7,luke ii41 #ci74 ,"o ( ^! sacr$ & infallible writ]s draws up a royal g5ealogy = him2 ano!r composes = him an entirely diff]5t royal g5ealogy4 ,jesus prea*es to ! peasants1 & turns wat] into w9e = !m at a m>riage fea/4 ,jesus is tak5 by ! devil up into a m\nta94 ,he drives out devils1 & s5ds !m into ! body ( two ?\s& pigs 9 ,galilee1 :]e !re nev] 7 any pigs4 ,he greatly insult$ ! magi/rates1 & ! prtor ,pontius _h him execut$4 ,:5 he _h be5 execut$1 he manife/$ 8 div9ity4 ,! e>? trembl$2 ! dead left _! graves1 & walk$ ab\t 9 ! city be=e ! eyes ( ,pontius4 ,!re 0 an eclipse ( ! sun at midday1 at a "t ( full moon1 al?\gh t is impossible4 ,he rose aga9 secretly1 w5t up to heav51 & s5t d[n ano!r god1 :o fell on ! heads ( 8 disciples 9 tongues ( fire4 ,may ^! same tongues fall on y\r heads1 conscript fa!rs2 become ,*ri/ians40 ,if ! l[e/ (ficial 9 ! ,s5ate _h condesc5d$ to answ] ?is disc\rse1 he w\ld h said3 8,y are weak-m9d$ rogues1 & ought to be put 9 ! asylum = ! insane4 ,y lie :5 y say t y\r ,god 0 born 9 ! ye> ( ,rome #geb1 "u ! gov]nor%ip ( ,cyr5ius1 ! proconsul ( ,syria4 ,cyr5ius did n gov]n ,syria until m ?an t5 ye>s aft]w>ds1 z our regi/]s prove4 ,qu9tilius ,v>us 0 at t "t proconsul ( ,syria4 8,y lie :5 y say t ,augu/us ord]$ a c5sus ( #8all ! _w4' ,y mu/ be v ignorant n to "k t ,augu/us 0 ma/] only ( "o t5? ( ! _w4 ,if by #8all ! _w' y mean ! ,roman ,empire1 "k t nei!r ,augu/us nor anybody else ev] und]took su* a c5sus4 ,"k t !re 0 b "o s+le enum]ation ( ! citiz5s ( ,rome & its t]ritory "u ,augu/us1 & t ! numb] am\nt$ to f\r million citiz5s2 & unless y\r c>p5t] ,joseph & 8 wife ,m>iah br\ght =? y\r ,god 9 a suburb ( ,rome1 & ?is ,jewi% c>p5t] 0 a ,roman citiz51 he _c possibly h be5 includ$4 8,y are tell+ a ridicul\s untru? ) y\r ?ree k+s & new />1 & ! little massacr$ *ildr51 & ! dead ris+ aga9 & walk+ 9 ! /reets "u ! eyes ( ,pontius ,pilate1 :o nev] wrote u a ^w ab\t x1 etc41 etc4 8,y are ly+ :5 y speak ( an eclipse ( ! sun at a "t ( full moon4 ,our prtor ,pontius ,pilate w\ld h writt5 to u ab\t x1 & we1 toge!r ) all ! nations ( ! e>?1 w\ld h witness$ ?is eclipse4 ,return to y\r "w1 y fanatical peasants1 & ?ank ! ,s5ate t x has too mu* disda9 to puni% y40 ,,article ,,vi4 ,x is cle> t ! fir/ half-,jewi% ,*ri/ians took c>e n to address !mselves to ! ,roman ,s5ators1 nor to any man ( position or any "o above ! l[e/ level ( ! p4 ,x is well kn[n t !y appeal$ only to ! l[e/ class4 ,to ^! !y boa/$ ( heal+ n]v\s diseases1 epilepsy1 & ut]9e convulsions1 :i* ignorant folk1 among ! ,romans z well z among ! ,jews1 ,egyptians1 ,greeks1 & ,syrians1 reg>d$ z ! "w ( *>ms or diabolical possession4 ,!re mu/ assur$ly h be5 "s cases ( heal+4 ,"s 7 cur$ 9 ! "n ( ,esculapius1 & we h s9ce discov]$ at ,rome a monum5t ( a miracle ( ,esculapius1 ) ! names ( ! witnesses4 ,o!rs 7 heal$ 9 ! "n ( ,isis1 or ( ! ,syrian goddess2 o!rs 9 ! "n ( ,jesus1 etc4 ,! common p heal$ 9 "o ( ^! names believ$ 9 ^? :o propagat$ x4 ,,article ,,vii4 ,?us ! ,*ri/ians made progress among ! p by a device t inv>iably s$uces ignorant folk4 ,b !y _h a /ill m p[]ful means4 ,!y declaim$ aga9/ ! ri*4 ,!y prea*$ community ( goods2 9 _! secret meet+s !y enjo9$ _! neophytes to give !m ! little money !y _h e>n$2 & !y quot$ ! alleg$ in/ance ( ,sapphira & ,ananias 7,acts v41 #a-aa71 :om ,simon ,b>jona1 call$ ,cephas1 :i* means ,pet]1 caus$ to die sudd5ly because !y _h kept a cr[n to !mselves--! fir/ & mo/ dete/able example ( prie/ly covet\sness4 ,b !y w\ld n h succe$$ 9 extort+ ! money ( _! neophytes if !y _h n prea*$ ! doctr9e ( ! cynic philosoph]s--! idea ( volunt>y pov]ty4 ,ev5 ?is1 h[ev]1 0 n en\gh to =m a new flock4 ,! end ( ! _w _h be5 long ann\nc$4 ,y w f9d x 9 ,epicurus & ,lucretius1 8 *ief disciple4 ,ovid _h said1 9 ! days ( ,augu/us3 ,esse quoque 9 fatis mem9isc]et ad=e tempus1 ,quo m>e1 quo tellus1 correptaque regio coeli ,ardeat1 et mundi moles op]osa laboret4#eb ,accord+ to o!rs1 ! _w _h be5 made by a =tuit\s conc\rse ( atoms1 & w\ld be de/roy$ by ano!r =tuit\s conc\rse1 z we f9d 9 ! poems ( ,lucretius4 ,?is idea came orig9ally f ! ,brahmans ( ,india4 ,_m ,jews _h adopt$ x by ! "t ( ,h]od4 ,x is =mally /at$ 9 ! gospel ( ,luke1 z y h se52 x is 9 ,paul's epi/les2 & x is 9 all ^? :o are kn[n z fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! _w 0 ab\t to be de/roy$1 x 0 ?\ght2 & ! ,*ri/ians ann\nc$ a new ,j]usalem1 :i* 0 se5 9 ! air by night4#ec ,! ,jews talk$ ( no?+ b a new k+dom ( heav52 x 0 ! sy/em ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 :o _h introduc$ on ! ,jordan ! anci5t ,h9doo practice ( baptism 9 ! ,ganges4 ,baptism 0 practis$ by ! ,egyptians1 & adopt$ by ! ,jews4 ,?is new k+dom ( heav51 to :i* ! poor alone w\ld be admitt$1 0 prea*$ by ,jesus & 8 foll[]s4 ,!y ?reat5$ ) et]nal torm5t ^? :o w\ld n believe 9 ! new heav54 ,?is hell1 inv5t$ by ! fir/ ,zoroa/]1 became "o ( ! *ief po9ts ( ,egyptian !ology4#ed ,f ! latt] came ! b>que ( ,*>on1 ,c]b]us1 ! riv] ,le!1 ,t>t>us1 & ! ,furies4 ,f ,egypt ! idea pass$ to ,greece1 & f !re to ! ,romans2 ! ,jews 7 unacqua9t$ ) x until ! "t :5 ! ,ph>isees prea*$ x1 %ortly be=e ! reign ( ,h]od4 ,x 0 "o ( _! contradictions to admit bo? hell & metempsy*osis 7transmigration ( s\ls72 b :o w\ld look = reason+ among ! ,jews8 ,_! p[]s 9 t direction are conf9$ to money matt]s4 ,! ,sadducees & ,sam>itans reject$ ! immortality ( ! s\l1 because x is n f\nd any:]e 9 ! ,mosaic law4 ,?is 0 ! great spr+ :i* ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 all half-,jewi%1 reli$ ^u to put ! new ma*9]y 9 action3 community ( goods1 secret meals1 hidd5 my/]ies1 gospels read to ! initiat$ only1 p>adise = ! poor1 hell = ! ri*1 & exorcisms by *>latans4 ,"h1 9 /rict tru?1 we h ! fir/ f\ndations ( ! ,*ri/ian sect4 ,if ,i deceive y--or1 r1 if ,i delib]ately deceive y--,i pray ! ,god ( ! univ]se1 ! ,god ( all m51 to )] ! h& t writes ?is1 to %att] ) 8 lightn+ a head t is conv9c$ ( ! exi/5ce ( a good & j ,god1 & to te> out f me a he>t t wor%ips him4 ,,article ,,viii4 ,let u n[1 ,romans1 consid] ! artifices1 rogu]y1 & =g]y to :i* ! ,*ri/ians !mselves h giv5 ! "n ( 8pi\s frauds02 frauds t h co/ y y\r lib]ty & y\r goods1 & h br\ght d[n ! conqu]ors ( ,europe to a mo/ lam5table slav]y4 ,i aga9 take ,god to witness t ,i w say no ^w t is n amply prov$4 ,if ,i wi%$ to use all ! arms ( reason aga9/ fanaticism1 all ! pi]c+ d>ts ( tru? aga9/ error1 ,i %\ld speak to y fir/ ( t prodigi\s numb] ( contradictory gospels :i* y\r popes !mselves n[ recognise to be false4 ,!y %[1 at lea/1 t !re 7 =g]s among ! fir/ ,*ri/ians4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is v well kn[n4 ,i h to tell y ( impo/ures t are n g5]ally kn[n1 & are a ?\s& times m p]nici\s4 ,fir/ ,impo/ure ,x is a v anci5t sup]/ition t ! la/ words ( ! dy+ are prophetic1 or are1 at lea/1 sacr$ maxims & v5]able precepts4 ,x 0 believ$ t ! s\l1 ab\t to dissolve ! union ) ! body & already half unit$ to ! ,deity1 _h a cl\dless vision ( ! future & ( tru?4 ,foll[+ ?is prejudice1 ! ,judo-,*ri/ians =ge1 9 ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ur*1 ! ,te/am5t ( ! ,twelve ,patri>*s1 writt5 9 ,greek1 to s]ve z a pr$iction or a prep>ation = ! new k+dom ( ,jesus4 ,9 ! te/am5t ( ,reub5 we f9d ^! words3 8,adore 8 se$1 = he w die = y1 9 w>s visible & invisible1 & he w be y\r k+ = ev]40 ,?is prophecy is appli$ to ,jesus1 9 ! usual way ( ^? :o wrote fifty-f\r gospels 9 v>i\s places1 & :o ne>ly all endeav\r$ to f9d 9 ,jewi% writ]s1 especially ^? :o 7 call$ prophets1 passages t c\ld be twi/$ 9 fav\r ( ,jesus4 ,!y ev5 add$ "s t are cle>ly recognis$ z false4 ,! au?or ( ! ,te/am5t ( ! ,patri>*s is "o ( ! mo/ impud5t & clumsy =g]s t ev] spoil$ good p>*m5t4 ,8 book 0 writt5 9 ,alex&ria1 9 ! s*ool ( a c]ta9 ,m>k4 ,second ,*ief ,impo/ure ,!y =g$ lett]s f ! k+ ( ,edessa to ,jesus1 & f ,jesus to ?is suppos$ pr9ce4 ,!re 0 no k+ at ,edessa1 :i* 0 a t[n "u ! ,syrian gov]nor2 ! petty pr9ce ( ,edessa nev] _h ! title ( k+4 ,moreov]1 x is n said 9 any ( ! gospels t ,jesus c\ld write2 & if he c\ld1 he w\ld h left "s pro( ( x to 8 disciples4 ,h5ce ^! lett]s are n[ decl>$ by all s*ol>s to be =g]ies4 ,?ird ,*ief ,impo/ure 7:i* conta9s sev]al7 ,!y =g$ ,acts ( ,pilate1 lett]s ( ,pilate1 & ev5 a hi/ory ( ,pilate's wife4 ,! lett]s ( ,pilate are especially int]e/+4 ,"h is a fragm5t ( "o3 8,x happ5$ a %ort "t ago1 & ,i h v]ifi$ x1 t ! ,jews 9 _! envy drew on !mselves a cruel condemnation4 ,_! ,god hav+ promis$ t he w\ld s5d 8 holy "o to !m f heav5 to be _! legitimate k+1 & t he %\ld be born ( a virg91 did inde$ s5d him :5 ,i 0 procurator 9 ,juda4 ,! lead]s ( ! ,jews d5\nc$ him to me z a magician4 ,i believ$ x1 & _h him sc\rg$1 & h&$ him ov] to !m2 & !y crucifi$ him4 ,!y put gu>ds ab\t 8 tomb1 b he rose aga9 ! ?ird day40 ,to ?is =g]y ,i may add t ( ! rescript ( ,tib]ius to ! ,s5ate1 to raise ,jesus to ! rank ( ! imp]ial gods1 & ! ridicul\s lett]s ( ! philosoph] ,s5eca to ,paul1 & ( ,paul to ,s5eca1 writt5 9 b>b>ic ,lat92 also ! lett]s ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y to ,/4 ,ignatius1 & _m o!r clumsy fictions ( ! same nature4 ,i w n draw out ?is li/ ( impo/ures4 ,x w\ld amaze y if ,i enum]at$ !m "o by "o4 ,f\r? ,impo/ure ,! bolde/1 p]haps1 & clumsie/ ( ^! =g]ies is t ( ! prophecies attribut$ to ! ,sibyls1 =etell+ ! inc>nation1 miracles1 & dea? ( ,jesus1 9 acro/ic v]se4 ,?is piece ( folly1 unkn[n to ! ,romans1 f$ ! belief ( ! cate*um5s4 ,x circulat$ among u = eight c5turies1 & we /ill s+ 9 "o ( our hymns#ee 8te/e ,david cum ,sibylla0 witness ,david & ! ,sibyl4 ,y are a/oni%$1 no d\bt1 t ?is despicable com$y 0 ma9ta9$ s long1 & t m5 c\ld be l$ ) su* a bridle z t4 ,b z ! ,*ri/ians 7 plung$ 9 ! mo/ /upid b>b>ism = fifte5 hundr$ ye>s1 z books 7 v r>e & !ologians v a/ute1 "o c\ld say any?+ at all to poor wret*es :o w\ld believe any?+ at all4 ,fif? ,impo/ure ,illu/ri\s & un=tunate ,romans1 be=e we come to ! p]nici\s untru?s :i* h co/ y y\r lib]ty1 y\r prop]ty1 & y\r glory1 & put y "u ! yoke ( a prie/2 be=e ,i speak to y ( ! alleg$ pontificate ( ,simon ,b>jona1 :o is said to h be5 bi%op ( ,rome = tw5ty-five ye>s1 y mu/ be in=m$ ( ! 8,apo/olic ,con/itutions10 ! fir/ f\ndation ( ! hi]>*y t cru%es y to-day4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! second c5tury !re 0 no su* ?+ z an episcopos 78ov]se]07 or bi%op1 clo!d ) real dignity = life1 unalt]ably atta*$ to a c]ta9 see1 & di/+ui%$ f o!r m5 by 8 clo!s2 bi%ops1 9 fact1 dress$ l ord9>y laym5 until ! middle ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,! meet+ 0 held 9 a *amb] ( "s retir$ h\se4 ,! m9i/] 0 *os5 by ! initiat$1 & cont9u$ 8 "w z long z !y 7 satisfi$4 ,!re 7 no alt>s1 c&les1 or inc5se2 ! e>lie/ fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* speak ( alt>s & temples ) a %udd]4#ef ,!y 7 cont5t to make a collection & sup toge!r4 ,:5 ! ,*ri/ian society _h gr[n1 h[ev]1 ambition set up an hi]>*y4 ,h[ did !y g ab\t x8 ,! rogues :o l$ ! en?usia/s made !m believe t !y _h discov]$ ! apo/olic con/itutions writt5 by ,/4 ,john & ,/4 ,mat!w3 8qu ego ,mat?u et ,joannes vobis tradidimus :i* ,i1 ,mat!w1 & ,john h giv5 y40#eg ,9 ^! ,mat!w is suppos$ to say 7,,ii41 xxxvi473 8,be ye c>eful n to judge y\r bi%op1 = x is giv5 to ! prie/s alone to judge40 ,mat!w & ,john say 7,,ii41 xxxiv473 8,z mu* z ! s\l is above ! body1 s mu* high] is ! prie/hood ?an royalty2 consid] y\r bi%op z a k+1 an absolute ma/] 7dom9um72 give him y\r fruits1 y\r works1 y\r fir/l+s1 y\r ti!s1 y\r sav+s1 ! fir/ & t5? "p ( y\r w9e1 oil1 & corn1 etc40 ,aga9 7,,ii41 xxx473 8,let ! bi%op be a god to y1 & ! deacon a prophet02 & 7,,ii41 xxxviii473 8,9 ! fe/ivals let ! deacon h a d\ble portion1 & ! prie/ d\ble t ( ! deacon2 & if !y be n at table1 s5d ! portions to !m40 ,y see1 ,romans1 ! orig9 ( y\r cu/om ( spread+ y\r tables to give indige/ion to y\r pontiffs4 ,w\ld to ,god !y _h conf9$ !mselves to ! s9 ( gluttony4 ,y w fur!r obs]ve ) c>e1 9 reg>d to ?is impo/ure ( ! con/itutions ( ! apo/les1 t x is an au!ntic monum5t ( ! dogmas ( ! second c5tury1 & t =g]y at lea/ does homage to tru? 9 ma9ta9+ a complete sil5ce ab\t innovations t c\ld n be =ese5--innovations ) :i* y h be5 delug$ c5tury aft] c5tury4 ,y w f9d1 9 ?is second-c5tury docum5t1 nei!r tr9ity1 nor consub/antiality1 nor transub/antiation1 nor auricul> confession4 ,y w n f9d 9 x t ! "m ( ,jesus 0 ! "m ( ,god1 t ,jesus _h two natures & two wills1 or t ! ,holy ,gho/ proce$s f ! fa!r & ! son4 ,all ^! s+ul> ornam5ts ( imag9ation1 unkn[n to ! religion ( ! gospels1 h be5 add$ s9ce to ! crude /ructure :i* fanaticism & ignorance rais$ up 9 ! fir/ c5turies4 ,y w assur$ly f9d 9 x ?ree p]sons1 b n ?ree p]sons 9 "o ,god4 ,read ) all ! acut5ess ( y\r m9d1 ! only treasure t y\r tyrants h left y1 ! common pray] :i* ! ,*ri/ians1 by ! m\? ( _! bi%op1 (f]$ 9 _! meet+s 9 ! second c5tury3 8,o all-p[]ful1 un5g5d]$1 inaccessible ,god1 ! "o true ,god1 fa!r ( ,*ri/ ?y only son1 ,god ( ! p>aclete1 ,god ( all1 ?\ ha/ made ! disciples ( ,*ri/ doctors1 etc40#eh ,"h1 cle>ly1 is "o sole ,god :o comm&s ,*ri/ & ! p>aclete ,holy ,gho/4 ,judge = y\rselves if t has any resemblance to ! tr9ity & consub/antiality :i* 7 aft]w>ds decl>$ at ,nica1 9 spite ( ! /rong prote/ ( eighte5 bi%ops & two ?\s& prie/s4#ei ,9 ano!r place 7,,iii41 xvi47 ! au?or ( ! ,apo/olic ,con/itutions1 :o is probably a bi%op ( ! ,*ri/ians at ,rome1 says expressly t ! fa!r is ,god above all4 ,t is ! doctr9e ( ,paul1 f9d+ expression s frequ5tly 9 8 epi/les4 8,we h peace 9 ,god ?r\gh ,our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/0 7,romans v41 #a74 8,if ?r\gh ! (f5ce ( "o _m be dead1 mu* m ! grace ( ,god1 & ! gift by grace1 :i* is by "o man1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ha? ab\nd$ unto _m0 7,romans v41 #ae74 8,we are heirs ( ,god1 & jo9t-heirs ) ,*ri/0 7,romans viii41 #ag74 8,receive ye "o ano!r1 z ,*ri/ also receiv$ u to ! glory ( ,god0 7,romans xv41 #g74 8,to ,god only wise1 be glory ?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/ = ev]0 7,romans xvi41 #bg74 8,t ! ,god ( ,our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! fa!r ( glory1 may give unto y ! _s ( wisdom0 7,ephesians i41 #ag74 ,?us does ! ,jew-,*ri/ian ,saul ,paul always express himself1 & ?us is ,jesus himself made to speak 9 ! gospels4 8,my ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i0 7,john xiv41 #bh72 t is to say1 ,god c d :at m5 _c d4 ,all ! ,jews said 8my fa!r0 :5 !y spoke ( ,god4 ,! ,"l's ,pray] beg9s ) ! words 8,our ,fa!r40 ,jesus said3 8,( t day & h\r kn[e? no man1 no1 n ! angels ( heav51 b my ,fa!r only0 7,mat!w xxiv41 #cf72 & 8,t is n m9e to give1 b = :om x is prep>$ by my ,fa!r0 7,mat!w xx41 #bc74 ,x is also v rem>kable t :5 ,jesus await$ arre/1 & sweat$ blood & wat]1 he cri$ out3 8,fa!r1 remove ?is cup f me0 7,luke xxii41 #db74 ,no gospel has put into 8 m\? ! blasphemy t he 0 ,god1 or consub/antial ) ,god4 ,y w ask me1 ,romans1 :y & h[ he 0 made into a ,god 9 ! c\rse ( "t8 ,i w ask y 9 turn :y & h[ ,bac*us1 ,p]seus1 ,h]cules1 & ,romulus 7 made gods8 ,9 _! case1 moreov]1 ! sacrilege did n g s f> z to give !m ! title ( supreme god & creator4 ,?is blasphemy 0 res]v$ = ! ,*ri/ian outgr[? ( ! ,jewi% sect4 ,six? ,*ief ,impo/ure ,i pass ov] ! c\ntless impo/ures ( 8,! ,travels ( ,simon ,b>jona10 ! 8,gospel ( ,simon ,b>jona10 8 8,apocalypse10 ! 8,apocalypse0 ( ,c]9?us 7ridicul\sly attribut$ to ,john71 ! epi/les ( ,b>naby1 ! 8,gospel ( ! ,twelve ,apo/les10 _! liturgies1 ! 8,canons ( ! ,c\ncil ( ! ,apo/les10 ! 8,apo/les' ,cre$10 ! 8,travels ( ,mat!w10 ! 8,travels ( ,?omas10 & s _m o!r vag>ies t are n[ recognis$ to be ! "w ( =g]s1 :o pass$ !m (f "u v5]at$ ,*ri/ian names4 ,i w n insi/ mu* on ! romance ( ! alleg$ ,pope ,/4 ,clem5t1 :o calls himself ! fir/ successor ( ,/4 ,pet]4 ,i w note only t ,simon ,b>jona & he met an old man1 :o compla9$ ( ! unfai?fulness ( 8 wife1 :o _h la9 ) 8 s]vant4 ,clem5t asks h[ he le>n$ x4 8,by my wife's horoscope10 said ! good man1 8& f my bro!r1 ) :om %e wi%$ to lie1 b he w\ld n40 ,f ^! words ,clem5t recognis$ 8 fa!r 9 ! old man4#fj ,f ,pet] ,clem5t le>n$ t he 0 ( ! blood ( ! ,cs>s4 ,on su* romances1 ,romans1 0 ! papal p[] set up6 ,sev5? ,*ief ,impo/ure ,on ! ,suppos$ ,pontificate ( ,simon ,b>jona1 ,call$ ,pet] ,:o 0 ! fir/ to say t ,simon1 ! poor fi%]man1 came f ,galilee to ,rome1 spoke ,lat9 !re 7?\gh he c\ld n possibly "k m ?an 8 native dialect71 & 9 ! end 0 pope ( ,rome = tw5ty-five ye>s8 ,x 0 a ,syrian nam$ ,abdias1 :o liv$ ab\t ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury1 & is said to h be5 bi%op ( ,babylon 7a good bi%opric74 ,he wrote 9 ,syriac1 & we h 8 "w 9 a ,lat9 translation by ,julius ! ,african4 ,li/5 well to :at ?is intellig5t writ] says4 ,he 0 an eye-witness1 & 8 te/imony is irrefragable4 ,simon ,b>jona ,pet]1 hav+1 he says1 rais$ to life ,tabi?a1 or ,dorcas1 ! semp/ress ( ! apo/les1 & hav+ be5 put 9 prison by ! ord]s ( ,k+ ,h]od 7?\gh !re 0 no ,k+ ,h]od at ! "t72 & an angel hav+ op5$ ! doors ( ! prison = him 7aft] ! cu/om ( angels71 met1 9 ,cs>ea1 ! o!r ,simon1 ( ,sam>ia1 kn[n z ! ,magician 7,magus71 :o also p]=m$ miracles4 ,!y began to defy ea* o!r4 ,simon ! ,sam>itan w5t (f to ! ,emp]or ,n]o at ,rome4 ,simon ,b>jona foll[$ him1 & ! emp]or receiv$ !m excell5tly4 ,a c\s9 ( ! emp]or _h di$1 & x 0 a "q :i* ( !m c\ld re/ore him to life4 ,! ,sam>itan has ! hon\r ( op5+ ! c]emony4 ,he calls ^u ,god1 & ! dead man gives signs ( life & %akes 8 head4 ,simon ,pet] calls on ,jesus ,*ri/1 & tells ! dead man to rise2 =?) he does rise1 & embraces ,pet]4 ,!n foll[s ! well-kn[n /ory ( ! two dogs4 ,!n ,abdias tells h[ ,simon flew 9 ! air1 & 8 rival ,simon ,pet] br\ght him d[n4 ,simon ! ,magician broke 8 legs1 & ,n]o _h ,simon ,pet] crucifi$1 head d[nw>ds1 = break+ ! legs ( ! o!r ,simon4 ,?is h>lequ9ade 0 describ$1 n only by ,abdias1 b by "s "o nam$ ,m>cellus1 & by a c]ta9 ,hegesippus1 :om ,eusebius (t5 quotes 9 8 hi/ory4 ,pray notice1 judici\s ,romans1 h[ ?is ,simon ,pet] may h reign$ spiritually 9 y\r city = tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,he came to x "u ,n]o1 accord+ to ! e>lie/ writ]s ( ! ,*ur*2 he di$ "u ,n]o2 & ,n]o reign$ only ?irte5 ye>s4 ,read ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 ,is !re any "q !re9 ( ,pet] go+ to ,rome8 ,n ! lea/ m5tion4 ,d y n see t1 :5 ! fiction began t ,pet] 0 ! fir/ ( ! apo/les1 x 0 ?\ght t ! imp]ial city alone 0 wor?y ( him8 ,see h[ clumsily y h be5 delud$ 9 ev]y?+4 ,is x possible t ! son ( ,god1 nay ,god himself1 %\ld h made use ( a play on words1 a ridicul\s pun1 to make ,simon ,b>jona ! head ( 8 ,*ur*3 8,?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock petra ,i w build my ,*ur*40 ,_h ,b>jona be5 call$ ,pumpk91 ,jesus might h said to him3 8,?\ art ,pumpk91 & ,pumpk9 %all h5ce=w>d be ! k+ ( ! fruits 9 my g>d540#fa ,= m ?an ?ree hundr$ ye>s ! alleg$ successor ( a ,galilean peasant 0 unkn[n to ,rome4 ,let u n[ see h[ ! popes became y\r ma/]s4 ,eigh? ,impo/ure ,no "o :o is acqua9t$ ) ! hi/ory ( ! ,greek & ,lat9 ,*ur*es c be unaw>e t ! metropolitan sees e/abli%$ _! *ief rights at ! ,c\ncil ( ,*alc$on1 convok$ 9 ! ye> #dea by ! ord] ( ! ,emp]or ,m>cian & ( ,pul*]ia 8 wife1 & compos$ ( six hundr$ & ?irty bi%ops4 ,! s5ators :o presid$ 9 ! emp]or's "n _h on _! "r ! patri>*s ( ,alex&ria & ,j]usalem1 on _! left ! patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople & ! deputies ( ! patri>* ( ,rome4 ,x 0 9 virtue ( ! canons ( ?is ,c\ncil t ! episcopal sees %>$ ! dignities ( ! cities 9 :i* !y 7 situat$4 ,! bi%ops ( ! two imp]ial cities1 ,rome & ,con/ant9ople1 7 decl>$ to be ! fir/ bi%ops1 ) equal pr]ogatives1 by ! celebrat$ tw5ty-eigh? canon3 8,! fa!rs h ju/ly grant$ pr]ogatives to ! see ( anci5t ,rome1 z to a reign+ city1 & ! #aej bi%ops ( ! fir/ ,c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople1 v de> to ,god1 h = ! same reason giv5 ! same privileges to ! new ,rome2 !y h rightly ?\ght t ?is city1 9 :i* ! ,emp]or & ,s5ate reside1 %\ld be equal to x 9 all ecclesia/ical matt]s40 ,! popes h always conte/$ ! au!nticity ( ?is canon2 !y h twi/$ & p]v]t$ its :ole mean+4 ,:at did !y d at l5g? to evade ?is equality & gradually to de/roy all ! titles ( subjection :i* plac$ !m "u ! emp]ors l all o!r m58 ,!y =g$ ! fam\s donation ( ,con/ant9e1 :i* has be5 = _m c5turies s /rictly reg>d$ z g5u9e t x 0 a mortal & unp>donable s9 to d\bt x1 & :oev] did s incurr$ ! great] excommunication by ! v fact ( d\bt+4 ,a v pretty ?+ 0 ?is donation ( ,con/ant9e to ,bi%op ,sylve/]4 8,we10 says ! ,emp]or1 8) all our satraps & ! :ole ,roman p1 h ?\ght x good to give to ! successors ( ,/4 ,pet] a great] p[] ?an t ( our s]5e maje/y40 ,d y n ?9k1 ,romans1 t ! ^w 8satrap0 comes 9 v well !re8 ,) equal au!nticity1 ,con/ant9e goes on1 9 ?is noble diploma1 to say t he has put ! ,apo/les ,pet] & ,paul 9 l>ge amb] caskets2 t he has built ! *ur*es ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul2 t he has giv5 !m va/ doma9s 9 ,juda1 ,greece1 ,?race1 ,asia1 etc4 7to ma9ta9 ! lum9>y72 t he has giv5 to ! pope 8 ,lat]an palace1 ) *amb]la9s & gu>ds2 & t1 la/ly1 he gives him1 z a pure donation = himself & 8 successors1 ! city ( ,rome1 ,italy1 & all ! we/]n prov9ces2 & all ?is is giv5 to ?ank ! ,pope ,sylve/] = hav+ cur$ him ( leprosy1 & hav+ baptis$ him--?\gh1 9 po9t ( fact1 he 0 baptis$ only on 8 dea?-b$1 by ,eusebius1 bi%op ( ,nicom$ia4 ,nev] 0 !re a docum5t m ridicul\s f "o end to ! o!r1 yet m accr$it$ 9 ! ignorant ages 9 :i* ,europe 0 s long deta9$ aft] ! fall ( y\r empire4 ,n9? ,impo/ure ,i pass ov] ! ?\s& & "o little daily impo/ures to come at once to ! great fraud ( ! ,decretals4 ,^! false ,decretals 7 spread ev]y:]e 9 ! "t ( ,*>lemagne4 ,9 ^!1 ,romans1 ! bett] to rob y ( y\r lib]ty1 ! bi%ops are depriv$ ( !irs2 x is decre$ t ! bi%op ( ,rome %all be _! only judge4 ,c]ta9ly1 if he is ! sov]eign ( ! bi%ops1 he %\ld soon be y\rs2 & t is :at happ5$4 ,^! false ,decretals aboli%$ ! ,c\ncils1 & ev5 aboli%$ y\r ,s5ate1 :i* became m]ely a c\rt ( ju/ice1 subject to ! w ( a prie/4 ,"h is ! real s\rce ( ! humiliation y h suff]$4 ,y\r rights & privileges1 s long ma9ta9$ by y\r wisdom1 c\ld be wre/$ f y only by untru?4 ,only by ly+ to ,god & m5 did !y succe$ 9 mak+ slaves ( y2 b !y h nev] ext+ui%$ ! love ( lib]ty 9 y\r he>ts4 ,! great] ! tyranny1 ! great] is t love4 ,! sacr$ "n ( lib]ty is /ill he>d 9 y\r conv]sations & ga!r+s1 & 9 ! v ante*amb] ( ! pope4 ,,article ,,ix4 ,cs> 0 b y\r dictator2 ,augu/us 0 cont5t to be y\r g5]al1 consul1 & tribune2 ,tib]ius1 ,caligula1 & ,n]o left y y\r elections1 y\r pr]ogatives1 & y\r dignities2 ev5 ! b>b>ians respect$ !m4 ,y ma9ta9$ y\r municipal gov]nm5t4 ,n by ! au?ority ( y\r bi%op1 ,gregory ,,iii41 b ( y\r own decision1 y (f]$ ! dignity ( patrician to ! great ,*>les ,m>tel1 ma/] ( 8 k+1 conqu]or ( ! ,s>ac5s 9 ! ye> #gda ( our faulty vulg> era4 ,believe n t x 0 ! ,bi%op ,leo ,,iii4 :o made ,*>lemagne emp]or2 x is an absurd romance ( ! secret>y ,eg9h>d1 a vile flatt]] ( ! popes1 :o _h won him4 ,by :at "r & 9 :at way c\ld a subject bi%op make an emp]or8 ,emp]ors 7 creat$ only by ! p1 or by ! armies t took ! place ( ! p4 ,x 0 y1 p ( ,rome1 :o us$ y\r rights2 y :o w\ld no long] dep5d on a ,greek emp]or1 :o gave y no aid2 y :o appo9t$ ,*>lemagne1 or he w\ld h be5 a usurp]4 ,! annali/s ( ! "t agree t all 0 arrang$ by ,c>olo & y\r lead+ (fic]s1 z is1 inde$1 mo/ probable4 ,y\r bi%op's only %>e 9 x 0 to conduct an empty c]emony & receive ri* pres5ts4 ,! only au?ority he _h 9 y\r city 0 t ( ! pre/ige atta*+ to 8 mitre1 8 cl]gy1 & 8 ability4 ,b :ile y gave y\rselves to ,*>lemagne1 y reta9$ ! election ( y\r (fic]s4 ,! police 0 9 y\r h&s2 y kept possession ( ! mole ( ,adrian1 s absurdly call$ 9 lat] times ! ,ca/ello ,sant' ,angelo2 & y 7 n :olly enslav$ until y\r bi%ops seiz$ t =tress4 ,!y made _! way /ep by /ep to t supreme greatness1 s expressly =bidd5 !m by him :om !y call _! ,god1 & ( :om !y d>e to call !mselves ! vic>s4 ,!y _h nev] any jurisdiction 9 ,rome "u ! ,o?os4 ,excommunication & intrigue 7 _! sole arms2 & ev5 :51 9 an age ( an>*y1 !y became ! real sov]eigns1 !y nev] d>$ to assume ! title4 ,i defy ! a/ute/ ( ^? fabricators ( titles :o ab\nd 9 y\r c\rt to f9d a s+le "o 9 :i* ! pope is describ$ z pr9ce by ! grace ( ,god4 ,a /range pr9c$om1 :5 "o fe>s to av[ x6 ,! imp]ial cities ( ,g]many1 :i* h bi%ops1 are free2 & y1 ,romans1 are n4 ,! ar*bi%op ( ,cologne has n ev5 ! "r to sleep 9 t city2 & y\r pope w h>dly all[ y to sleep 9 y\r own4 ,! sultan ( ! ,turks is f> less despotic at ,con/ant9ople ?an ! pope has become at ,rome4 ,y p]i% mis]ably 9 ! %ade ( sup]b colonnades4 ,y\r noble & fad$ pa9t+s1 & y\r doz5 gems ( anci5t sculpture1 br+ y nei!r a good d9n] nor a good b$4 ,! opul5ce is = y\r ma/]s3 ! indig5ce is = y4 ,! lot ( a slave among ! anci5t ,romans 0 a hundr$ times bett] ?an y\rs4 ,he might acquire a l>ge =tune2 y are born s]fs1 y die s]fs1 & ! only oil y h is t ( ! ,la/ ,ano9t+4 ,slaves 9 body & 9 s\l1 y\r tyrants d n ev5 all[ y to read1 9 y\r own tongue1 ! book on :i* !y say y\r religion is f\nd$4 ,awake1 ,romans1 at ! call ( lib]ty1 tru?1 & nature4 ,! cry r+s ov] ,europe4 ,y mu/ he> x4 ,break ! *a9s t b9d y\r g5]\s h&s--! *a9s =g$ by tyranny 9 ! d5 ( impo/ure4 ,,! ,,s]mon ,,( ,,! ,,fifty ,fifty cultivat$1 pi\s1 & reasonable p]sons h1 = a ye> pa/1 met e ,sunday 9 a l>ge comm]cial t[n4 ,!y h pray]s1 & !n a memb] ( ! society gives a disc\rse4 ,!y aft]w>ds d9e1 & a collection = ! poor is made aft] d9n]4 ,ea* presides 9 turn1 & x is ! duty ( ! presid5t to (f] ! pray] & give ! s]mon4 ,"h are "o ( ! pray]s & "o ( ! s]mons4 ,if ! se$ ( ^! words fall on good soil1 x w assur$ly be> fruit4 ,,pray] ,god ( all ! globes & />s1 ! "o pray] t x is meet to (f] to y is submission4 ,h[ c we ask any?+ ( him :o arrang$ & en*a9$ all ?+s f ! beg9n+8 ,yet if x is p]mitt$ to expose our ne$s to a fa!r1 pres]ve 9 our he>ts ?is feel+ ( submission & a pure religion4 ,keep f u all sup]/ition4 ,s9ce !re are ^? :o insult y ) unwor?y sacrifices1 aboli% ^? infam\s my/]ies4 ,s9ce !re are ^? :o di%on\r ! div9ity ) absurd fables1 may ^? fables p]i% = ev]4 ,if ! days ( ! pr9ce & ! magi/rate 7 n numb]$ f all et]nity1 give !m l5g? ( days4 ,pres]ve ! purity ( our ways1 ! fri5d%ip ( our bre?r5 = ea* o!r1 _! goodwill t[>ds all m51 _! ob$i5ce to ! laws1 & _! wisdom 9 private life4 ,let !m live & die 9 ! wor%ip ( "o ,god1 ! rew>d] ( good1 ! puni%] ( evil2 a ,god t c\ld n be born or die1 nor h associates1 b :o has too _m rebelli\s *ildr5 9 ?is _w4 ,,s]mon ,my bre?r51 religion is ! secret voice ( ,god speak+ to m54 ,x ought to unite m51 n divide !m2 h5ce e religion t belongs to "o p only is false4 ,ours is1 9 pr9ciple1 t ( ! :ole univ]se2 = we wor%ip a supreme be+ z all nations d1 we practise ! ju/ice :i* all nations tea*1 & we reject all ! untru?s ) :i* ! nations reproa* ea* o!r4 ,at "o ) !m 9 ! pr9ciple :i* unites !m1 we diff] f !m 9 ! ?+s ab\t :i* !y are 9 conflict4 ,! po9t on :i* all m5 ( all times agree mu/ be ! c5tre ( tru?1 & ! po9ts on :i* !y all diff] mu/ be /&>ds ( falsehood4 ,religion mu/ con=m to morality1 &1 l x1 be univ]sal2 h5ce e religion ^: dogmas (f5d aga9/ morality is c]ta9ly false4 ,x is "u ?is tw(old aspect ( p]v]sity & fals5ess t we w1 9 ?is disc\rse1 exam9e ! books ( ! ,hebrews & ( ^? :o h succe$$ !m4 ,let u fir/ see if ^! books con=m to morality2 we %all !n see if !y h any %ade ( probability4 ,! fir/ two po9ts w deal ) ! ,old ,te/am5t2 ! ?ird w discuss ! ,new4 ,fir/ ,po9t ,y "k1 my bre?r51 :at horror fell on u :5 we read toge!r ! writ+s ( ! ,hebrews1 conf9+ our att5tion to ^? features :i* (f5d aga9/ purity1 *>ity1 good fai?1 ju/ice1 & reason--features :i* "o n only f9ds 9 e *apt]1 b1 unhappily1 "o f9ds consecrat$ 9 !m4 ,fir/1 to say no?+ ( ! extravagant inju/ice :i* !y v5ture to ascribe to ! supreme be+1 9 end[+ a s]p5t ) spee* 9 ord] to s$uce a woman & h] innoc5t po/]ity1 let u run ov] 9 succession all ! hi/orical horrors :i* outrage nature & good s5se4 ,"o ( ! patri>*s1 ,lot1 ! nephew ( ,abraham1 receives 9 8 h\se two angels disguis$ z pilgrims2 ! inhabitants ( ,sodom ent]ta9 impure desires ( ^! angels2 ,lot1 :o _h two daught]s promis$ 9 m>riage1 (f]s to ab&on !m to ! p in/ead ( ! two /rang]s4 ,^! "y wom5 mu/ h be5 /rangely famili> ) evil ways1 s9ce ! fir/ ?+ !y d aft] ! de/ruction ( _! t[n by a ra9 ( fire1 & aft] _! "m has be5 *ang$ into a pill> ( salt1 is to intoxicate _! fa!r on two consecutive nights1 9 ord] to sleep ) him 9 succession4 ,x is an imitation ( ! anci5t ,arabic leg5d ( ,cyniras & ,myrrha4 ,b 9 ?is m dec5t leg5d ,myrrha is puni%$ = h] crime1 :ile ! daught]s ( ,lot are rew>d$ ) :at is1 9 ,jewi% eyes1 ! greate/ & de>e/ bless+3 !y become ! mo!rs ( a num]\s po/]ity4 ,we w n insi/ on ! falsehood ( ,isaac1 ! fa!r ( ! j1 :o says t 8 wife is 8 si/]2 :e!r he 0 m]ely repeat+ ! falsehood ( ,abraham1 or ,abraham 0 really guilty ( tak+ 8 si/] to wife4 ,b let u dwell = a mom5t on ! patri>* ,jacob1 :o is (f]$ to u z a model man4 ,he compels 8 bro!r1 :o is dy+ ( hung]1 to give up 8 bir?right = a di% ( l5tils4 ,he aft]w>ds deceives 8 ag$ fa!r on 8 dea?-b$4 ,aft] deceiv+ 8 fa!r1 he deceives & robs 8 fa!r-9-law ,laban4 ,n cont5t ) w$d+ two si/]s1 he lies ) all 8 s]vants2 & ,god blesses ?is lic5ti\sness & trick]y4 ,:o are ! *ildr5 ( su* a fa!r8 ,8 daught] ,d9ah pleases a pr9ce ( ,si*em1 & x is probable t %e loves ! pr9ce1 s9ce %e lies ) him4 ,! pr9ce asks h] 9 m>riage1 & %e is promis$ on condition t he & all 8 p are circumcis$4 ,! pr9ce accepts ! condition2 b z soon z he & 8 p und]go ?is pa9ful op]ation--:i*1 nev]!less1 leaves !m /rong en\gh to def5d !mselves--,jacob's family murd] all ! m5 ( ,si*em & enslave _! wom5 & *ildr54 ,we h 9 our infancy he>d ! /ory ( ,pelopu4 ,?is ince/u\s abom9ation is repeat$ 9 ,judah1 ! patri>* & fa!r ( ! fir/ tribe4 ,he lies ) 8 daught]-9-law1 & !n wi%es to h h] kill$4 ,! book decl>es t !n ,joseph1 a *ild ( ?is vagabond family1 is sold into ,egypt1 & t1 =eign] z he is1 he is made fir/ m9i/] z a rew>d = expla9+ a dream4 ,:at a fir/ m9i/] he 01 compell+ a :ole nation to enslave itself1 dur+ a "t ( fam9e1 to obta9 food6 ,:at magi/rate among u w\ld1 9 "t ( fam9e1 d>e to propose s abom9able a b>ga91 & :at nation w\ld accept x8 ,let u n /ay to exam9e h[ sev5ty memb]s ( ! family ( ,joseph1 :o settl$ 9 ,egypt1 c\ld 9 two hundr$ & fifte5 ye>s increase to six hundr$ ?\s& fight+ m51 )\t c\nt+ ! wom51 old m51 & *ildr51 :i* w\ld make a total ( m ?an two millions4 ,let u n discuss h[ x is t ! text has f\r hundr$ & ?irty ye>s1 :5 ! same text has giv5 two hundr$ & fifte54 ,! inf9ite numb] ( contradictions1 :i* are ! seal ( impo/ure1 is n ! po9t :i* we are consid]+4 ,let u likewise pass ov] ! ridicul\s prodigies ( ,moses & ( ,ph>aoh's magicians1 & all ! miracles wr\ght to give ! ,jewi% p a wret*$ bit ( poor c\ntry1 :i* !y aft]w>ds pur*ase by blood & crime1 in/ead ( giv+ !m ! f]tile soil ( ,egypt1 :]e !y 74 ,let u conf9e ourselves to ! frightful iniquity ( _! ways4 ,_! ,god _h made a ?ief ( ,jacob1 & he n[ makes ?ieves ( ! entire p4 ,he ord]s 8 p to /eal & take away ) !m all ! gold & silv] vessels & ut5sils ( ! ,egyptians4 ,behold ^! wret*es1 to ! numb] ( six hundr$ ?\s& fight+ m51 in/ead ( tak+ up arms l m5 ( _s1 fly+ l brig&s l$ by _! ,god4 ,if _! ,god _h wi%$ to give !m a good c\ntry1 he might h giv5 !m ,egypt4 ,he does n1 h[ev]2 he leads !m into a des]t4 ,!y might h fl$ by ! %orte/ r\te1 yet !y g f> out ( _! way to cross ! ,r$ ,sea dry-foot4 ,aft] ?is f9e miracle ,moses' own bro!r makes !m ano!r god1 & ?is god is a calf4 ,to puni% 8 bro!r ,moses comm&s c]ta9 prie/s to kill _! sons1 bro!rs1 & fa!rs2 & !y kill tw5ty-?ree ?\s& ,jews1 :o let !mselves be sla9 l cattle4 ,aft] ?is but*]y x is n surpris+ to he> t ?is abom9able p sacrifices human victims to its god1 :om x calls ,adonai1 borr[+ ! "n ( ,adonis f ! ,phnicians4 ,! tw5ty-n9? v]se ( *apt] xxvii4 ( ,leviticus expressly =bids ! r$emption ( ^? :o are de/9$ = sacrifice1 & x is 9 virtue ( ?is cannibali/ic law t ,jeph?ah1 "s "t aft]w>ds1 (f]s up 8 own daught]4 ,x 0 n en\gh to slay tw5ty-?ree ?\s& m5 = a calf2 we h aga9 tw5ty-f\r ?\s& sacrific$ = hav+ int]c\rse ) idolatr\s wom54 ,x is1 my bre?r51 a wor?y prelude & example ( p]secution on ! gr\nd ( religion4 ,?is p advances 9 ! des]ts & rocks ( ,pale/9e4 ,"h is y\r spl5did c\ntry1 ,god says to !m4 ,slay all ! inhabitants1 kill all ! male infants1 make an end ( _! m>ri$ wom51 keep ! "y girls = y\rselves4 ,all ?is is c>ri$ out to ! lett]1 accord+ to ! ,hebrew books2 & we %\ld %udd] at ! acc\nt1 if ! text did n add t ! ,jews f\nd 9 ! camp ( ! ,midianites #fge1jjj %eep1 #fb1jjj cattle1 #fa1jjj asses1 & #cb1jjj girls4 ,happily1 ! absurdity undoes ! b>b>ism4 ,once m1 h[ev]1 ,i am n conc]n$ "h ) :at is ridicul\s & impossible2 ,i select only :at is execrable4 ,hav+ pass$ ! ,jordan dry-%od1 z !y cross$ ! sea1 we f9d our p 9 ! promis$ l&4 ,! fir/ p]son to let 9 ?is holy p1 by an act ( trea*]y1 is ,rahab1 a /range "* = ,god to associate ) himself4 ,he levels ! walls ( ,j]i*o at ! s\nd ( ! trumpet2 ! holy p ent]s ! t[n--to :i* x _h no "r1 on its own confession--& slays ! m51 wom51 & *ildr54 ,let u pass ov] ! o!r c>nages1 ! crucifixion ( k+s1 ! suppos$ w>s aga9/ ! giants ( ,gaza & ,ascalon1 & ! murd] ( ^? :o c\ld n pron\nce ! ^w 8,%ibbole?40 ,li/5 to ?is f9e /ory4 ,a ,levite1 ) 8 wife1 arrives on 8 ass at ,gibeah1 9 ! tribe ( ,b5jam94 ,"s ( ! ,b5jamites1 :o are b5t on committ+ ! s9 ( sodomy ) ! ,levite1 turn _! brutality ^u ! woman1 :o dies ( ! viol5ce4 ,7 ! culprits puni%$8 ,n at all4 ,! elev5 tribes slaught]$ ! :ole tribe ( ,b5jam92 only six hundr$ m5 escap$4 ,b ! elev5 tribes are aft]w>ds sorry to see a tribe p]i%1 &1 to re/ore x1 !y ext]m9ate ! inhabitants ( "o ( _! own t[ns 9 ord] to take f x six hundr$ girls1 :om !y give to ! six hundr$ ,b5jamites :o survive to p]petuate ?is spl5did race4 ,h[ _m crimes committ$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l6 ,we w give only t ( ! man ( ,god 7,ehud74 ,! ,jews1 hav+ come s f> to conqu]1 are subject to ! ,phili/9es4 ,9 spite ( ! ,"l1 !y h sworn ob$i5ce to ,k+ ,eglon4 ,a holy ,jew1 nam$ ,ehud1 asks p]mission to speak 9 private ) ! k+ on ! "p ( ,god4 ,! k+ does n fail to grant ! audi5ce4 ,ehud assass9ates him1 & 8 example has be5 us$ _m times by ,*ri/ians to betray1 de/roy1 or massacre s _m sov]eigns4 ,at l5g? ?is *os5 nation1 :i* _h ?us be5 direct$ by ,god himself1 desires to h a k+2 :i* greatly displeases ! prie/ ,samuel4 ,! fir/ ,jewi% k+ r5ews ! cu/om ( immolat+ m54 ,saul prud5tly enjo9$ t 8 soldi]s %\ld n eat on ! day !y f\ght ! ,phili/9es1 to give !m m vig\r2 he swore to ! ,"l t he w\ld immolate to him any man :o ate4 ,happily1 ! p 7 wis] ?an he2 !y w\ld n suff] ! k+'s son to be sacrific$ = eat+ a little honey4 ,b li/51 my bre?r51 to ?is mo/ dete/able1 yet mo/ consecrat$1 act4 ,x is said t ,saul takes prison] a k+ ( ! c\ntry1 nam$ ,agag4 ,he did n kill 8 prison]2 he act$ z is usual 9 humane & civilis$ nations4 ,:at happ5$8 ,! ,"l is angry1 & ,samuel1 prie/ ( ! ,"l1 says to ,saul3 8,y are reprobate = hav+ sp>$ a k+ :o surr5d]$ to y40 ,& ! prie/ly but*] at once cuts ,agag into pieces4 ,:at w\ld y say1 my bre?r51 if1 :5 ! ,emp]or ,*>les ,v4 _h a ,fr5* k+ 9 8 h&s1 8 *apla9 came & said to him3 8,y are damn$ = n kill+ ,francis ,i410 & proce$$ to cut ! ,fr5* k+ to pieces be=e ! eyes ( ! emp]or8 ,:at w y say ( ! holy ,k+ ,david1 ! k+ :o f\nd fav\r 9 ! eyes ( ! ,god ( ! ,jews1 & m]it$ to be an ance/or ( ! ,messiah8 ,?is good k+ is at fir/ a brig&1 captur+ & pillag+ all he f9ds4 ,among o!rs1 he despoils a ri* man nam$ ,nabal1 m>ries 8 wife1 & flies to ,k+ ,a*i%4 ,dur+ ! night he desc5ds ^u ! villages ( ,k+ ,a*i%1 8 b5efactor1 ) fire & sword4 ,he slaught]s m51 wom51 & *ildr51 says ! sacr$ text1 le/ !re be any "o left to take ! news4 ,:5 he is made k+ he ravi%es ! wife ( ,uriah1 & has ! husb& put to dea?2 & x is f ?is adult]\s homicide t ! ,messiah--,god himself--desc5ds4 ,:at blasphemy6 ,?is ,david1 :o ?us becomes an ance/or ( ,god z a rew>d ( 8 horrible crime1 is puni%$ = ! "o good & wise action :i* he did4 ,!re is no good & prud5t pr9ce :o ought n to "k ! numb] ( 8 p1 z ! %eph]d %\ld "k ! numb] ( 8 flock4 ,david has !m enum]at$--?\gh we are n told :at ! numb] 0--& = mak+ ?is wise & useful enum]ation a prophet comes f ,god to give him ! *oice ( w>1 pe/il5ce1 or fam9e4 ,let u n l+]1 my de> bre?r51 ov] ! numb]less b>b>ities ( ! k+s ( ,judah & ,israel--_! murd]s & outrages1 mix$ up always ) ridicul\s /ories2 ?\gh ev5 ! ridicul\s 9 !m is always bloody1 & n ev5 ! prophet ,eli%a is free f b>b>ism4 ,?is wor?y devotee has =ty *ildr5 dev\r$ by be>s because ! innoc5t y\ng/]s _h call$ him 8bald40 ,let u leave ?is atroci\s nation 9 ! ,babylonian captivity & 9 its bondage to ! ,romans1 ) all ! f9e promises ( _! god ,adonis or ,adonai1 :o _h s (t5 promis$ ! ,jews ! sov]eignty ( ! e>?4 ,9 f9e1 "u ! wise gov]nm5t ( ! ,romans1 a k+ is born to ! ,hebrews4 ,y "k1 my bre?r51 :o ?is k+1 %ilo1 or ,messiah is2 x is he :o1 aft] be+ at fir/ numb]$ among ! prophets )\t a mission1 :o1 ?\gh n prie/s1 made a pr(ession ( inspiration1 01 aft] "s c5turies1 reg>d$ z a god4 ,we ne$ g no f>!r2 let u see on :at pretexts1 :at facts1 :at miracles1 :at prophecies--9 a ^w1 on :at f\ndation1 ?is disgu/+ & abom9able hi/ory is bas$4 ,second ,po9t ,o ,god1 if ?\ ?yself did/ desc5d ^u ! e>?1 & did/ comm& me to believe ?is tissue ( murd]s1 !fts1 assass9ations1 & ince/s committ$ by ?y ord] & 9 ?y "n1 ,i %\ld say to !e3 ,no2 ?y sanctity _c ask me to acquiesce 9 ^! horrible ?+s t outrage !e4 ,?\ seeke/1 no d\bt1 to try me4 ,h[1 !n1 my virtu\s & enlight5$ he>]s1 c\ld we accept ?is frightful /ory on ! wret*$ evid5ce :i* is (f]$ 9 support ( x8 ,run briefly ov] ! books t h be5 falsely attribut$ to ,moses4 ,i say falsely1 s9ce x is n possible = ,moses to h writt5 ab\t ?+s t happ5$ long aft] 8 "t4 ,none ( u w\ld believe t ! memoirs ( ,william1 ,pr9ce ( ,orange1 7 writt5 ) 8 own h& if !re 7 allusions 9 ^! memoirs to ?+s t happ5$ aft] 8 dea?4 ,let u see :at is n>rat$ 9 ! "n ( ,moses4 ,fir/1 ,god creat$ ! light1 :i* he calls 8day02 !n ! d>kness1 :i* he calls 8night10 & x 0 ! fir/ day4 ,?us !re 7 days be=e ! sun 0 made4 ,on ! six? day ,god makes man & woman2 b ! au?or1 =gett+ t woman has be5 made already1 aft]w>ds d]ives h] f "o ( ,adam's ribs4 ,adam & ,eve are put 9 a g>d5 f :i* f\r riv]s issue2 & ( ^! riv]s !re are two1 ! ,euphrates & ! ,nile1 :i* h _! s\rces a ?\s& miles f ea* o!r4 ,! s]p5t !n spoke l a man2 x 0 ! mo/ cunn+ ( animals4 ,x p]suades ! woman to eat an apple1 & s has h] driv5 f p>adise4 ,! human race increases1 & ! *ildr5 ( ,god fall 9 love ) ! daught]s ( m54 ,!re 7 giants on ! e>?1 & ,god 0 sorry t he _h made man4 ,he det]m9$ to ext]m9ate him by a flood2 b wi%$ to save ,noah1 & ord]$ him to make a vessel ( popl> wood1 ?ree hundr$ cubits 9 l5g?4 ,into ?is vessel 7 to be br\ght sev5 pairs ( all ! clean animals1 & two pairs ( ! unclean4 ,x 0 necess>y to fe$ !m dur+ ! t5 mon?s t ! wat] cov]$ ! e>?4 ,y c imag9e :at w\ld be ne$$ to fe$ f\rte5 elephants1 f\rte5 camels1 f\rte5 buffaloes1 & z _m horses1 asses1 de]1 s]p5ts1 o/ri*es--9 a ^w1 m ?an two ?\s& species4#fb ,y w ask me :5ce came ! wat] to cov] ! :ole e>? & rise fifte5 cubits above ! highe/ m\nta9s8 ,! text replies t x came f ! cat>acts ( heav54 ,heav5 kn[s :]e ^! cat>acts are4 ,aft] ! deluge ,god ent]s into an alliance ) ,noah & ) all ! animals2 & 9 confirmation ( ?is alliance he in/itutes ! ra9b[4 ,^? :o wrote ^! ?+s 7 n1 z y p]ceive1 great physici/s4 ,h[ev]1 "h is ,noah ) a religion giv5 to him by ,god1 & ?is religion is nei!r ,jewi% nor ,*ri/ian4 ,! po/]ity ( ,noah seeks to build a t[] t %all rea* to heav54 ,a f9e ent]prise6 ,b ,god fe>s x1 & causes ! work]s sudd5ly to speak sev]al diff]5t tongues1 & !y disp]se4 ,! :ole is writt5 9 ?is anci5t ori5tal ve94 ,a ra9 ( fire conv]ts t[ns into a lake2 ,lot's wife is *ang$ into a salt /atue2 ,jacob fights all night ) an angel1 & is hurt 9 ! leg2 ,joseph1 sold z a slave into ,egypt1 is made fir/ m9i/] because he expla9s a dream4 ,sev5ty memb]s ( ! family settle 9 ,egypt1 & 9 two hundr$ & fifte5 ye>s1 z we saw1 multiply into two millions4 ,x is ^! two million ,hebrews :o fly f ,egypt1 & g ! longe/ way 9 ord] to h ! pleasure ( cross+ ! sea dry-%od4 ,b !re is no?+ surpris+ ab\t ?is miracle4 ,ph>aoh's magicians p]=m$ "s v f9e miracles4 ,l ,moses1 !y *ang$ a rod into a s]p5t1 :i* is a v simple matt]4 ,:5 ,moses *ang$ wat] into blood1 !y did ! same4 ,:5 he br\ght frogs into exi/5ce1 !y imitat$ him4 ,b !y 7 beat5 :5 x came to ! plague ( lice2 on t subject ! ,jews knew m ?an o!r nations4 ,9 ! end ,adonai causes ! dea? ( ea* fir/-born 9 ,egypt 9 ord] to all[ 8 p to leave 9 peace4 ,! sea divides to let !m pass2 x 0 ! lea/ t c\ld be done on su* an occasion4 ,! rema9] is on ! same level4 ,! p cry out 9 ! des]t4 ,"s ( ! husb&s compla9 ( _! wives2 at once a wat] is f\nd :i* causes any woman :o has =feit$ h] hon\r to swell & bur/4 ,!y h nei!r bread nor pa/e2 quails & manna are ra9$ on !m4 ,_! g>m5ts la/ =ty ye>s1 & gr[ ) ! *ildr54 ,app>5tly clo!s desc5d f heav5 = ! new-born *ildr54 ,a prophet ( ! di/rict seeks to curse ! p1 b 8 ass opposes ! project1 toge!r ) an angel1 & ! ass speaks v reasonably & at great l5g? to ! prophet4 ,:5 !y attack a t[n1 ! walls fall at ! s\nd ( trumpets2 j z ,amphion built walls to ! s\nd ( ! flute4 ,b ! f9e/ miracle is :5 five ,amorite k+s--t is to say1 five village %eiks--attempt to oppose ! ravages ( ,jo%ua4 ,!y are n m]ely vanqui%$ & cut to pieces1 b ! ,"l s5ds a great ra9 ( /ones ^u ! fugitives4 ,ev5 t is n en\gh4 ,a few escape1 &1 9 ord] to give ! ,israelites "t to pursue !m1 nature susp5ds its et]nal laws4 ,! sun halts at ,gibeon1 & ! moon at ,aijalon4 ,we d n q und]/& h[ ! moon comes 91 b ! books ( ,jo%ua leave no room = d\bt z to ! fact4 ,n[ let u pass to o!r miracles1 & g on to ,samson1 :o is depict$ z a fam\s plund]]1 a fri5d ( ,god4 ,samson r\ts a ?\s& ,phili/9es ) ! jawbone ( an ass1 because he is n %av$1 & ties by ! tails ?ree hundr$ foxes :i* he f\nd 9 a c]ta9 place4 ,!re is h>dly a page t does n conta9 simil> /ories4 ,9 "o place x is ! %ade ( ,samuel appe>+ 9 response to ! voice ( a wit*2 9 ano!r x is ! %ad[ on a sun-dial 7assum+ t ^! mis]able folk _h sun-dials7 rec$+ t5 degrees at ! pray] ( ,hezekiah1 :o prud5tly asks = ?is sign4 ,god gives him ! alt]natives ( advanc+ or ret>d+ ! h\r1 & ,dr4 ,hezekiah ?9ks t x is n difficult to put ! %ad[ on1 b v difficult to put x back4 ,elias rises to heav5 9 a fi]y *>iot2 *ildr5 s+ 9 a fi]y furnace4 ,i %\ld nev] come to an end if ,i wi%$ to ent] into all ! details ( ! unhe>d-( extravagances t sw>m 9 ?is book4 ,nev] 0 common-s5se assail$ ) su* indec5cy & fury4 ,su* is1 f "o end to ! o!r1 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! fa!r ( ! ,new1 a fa!r :o disav[s 8 *ild & reg>ds x z a rebelli\s ba/>d2 = ! ,jews1 fai?ful to ! law ( ,moses1 reg>d ) dete/ation ! ,*ri/ianity t has be5 re>$ on ! ru9s ( _! law4 ,! ,*ri/ians1 h[ev]1 h ) great subtlety s\ght to ju/ify ! ,new ,te/am5t by ! ,old4 ,! two religions ?us fight ea* o!r ) ! same weapons2 !y invoke ! same prophets & appeal to ! same pr$ictions4 ,w ! ages to come1 :i* w h se5 ! pass+ ( ^! follies1 yet may1 unhappily1 witness ! rise ( o!rs n less unwor?y ( ,god & m51 believe t ,judaism & ,*ri/ianity bas$ _! claims on su* f\ndations & su* prophecies8 ,:at prophecies6 ,li/54 ,! prophet ,isaiah is summon$ by ,ahaz1 k+ ( ,judah1 to make c]ta9 pr$ictions to him1 9 ! va9 & sup]/iti\s mann] ( ! ,ea/4 ,^! prophets 71 z y "k1 m5 :o e>n$ m or less ( a liv+ by div9ation2 !re 7 _m l !m 9 ,europe 9 ! la/ c5tury1 especially among ! common p4 ,k+ ,ahaz1 besieg$ 9 ,j]usalem by ,%almanes]1 :o _h tak5 ,sam>ia1 dem&$ ( ! soo?say] a prophecy & a sign4 ,isaiah said to him3 ,?is is ! sign3 8,a girl w conceive1 & w be> a *ild :o %all be call$ ,emmanuel4 ,he %all eat butt] & honey until ! day :5 he %all reject evil & *oose good2 & be=e ?is *ild is ( age1 ! l& :i* ?\ dete/e/ %all be =sak5 by its two k+s2 & ! ,"l %all hiss = ! flies t are on ! banks ( ! /reams ( ,egypt & ,assyria2 & ! ,"l w take a razor1 & %ave ! ,k+ ( ,assyria2 he w %ave 8 head & ! hair ( 8 feet40 ,aft] ?is spl5did prophecy1 record$ 9 ,isaiah1 b ( :i* !re is n a ^w 9 ,k+s1 ! prophet ord]s him fir/ to write on a l>ge roll1 :i* !y ha/5 to seal4 ,he urges ! k+ to press to ! plund] ( 8 enemies1 & !n ensures ! bir? ( ! pr$ict$ *ild4 ,in/ead ( call+ x ,emmanuel1 h[ev]1 he gives x ! "n ( ,mah] ,salabas4 ,?is1 my bre?r51 is ! passage :i* ,*ri/ians h di/ort$ 9 fav\r ( _! ,*ri/2 ?is is ! prophecy t set up ,*ri/ianity4 ,! girl to :om ! prophet ascribes a *ild is inconte/ably ! ,virg9 ,m>y4#fc ,mah] ,salabas is ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,z to ! butt] & honey1 ,i am unaw>e :at x means4 ,ea* soo?say] promises ! ,jews deliv]ance :5 !y are captive2 & ?is deliv]ance is1 accord+ to ! ,*ri/ians1 ! heav5ly ,j]usalem1 & ! ,*ur* ( our "t4 ,prophecy is ev]y?+ ) ! ,jews2 ) ! ,*ri/ians miracle is ev]y?+1 & all ! prophecies are figures ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,"h1 my bre?r51 is "o ( ^! f9e & /rik+ prophecies4 ,! great prophet ,ezekiel sees a w9d f ! nor?1 & f\r animals1 & :eels ( *rysolite full ( eyes2 & ! ,"l says to him3 8,rise1 eat a book1 & !n dep>t40 ,! ,"l ord]s him to sleep ?ree hundr$ & n9ety days on ! left side1 & !n =ty on ! "r side4 ,! ,"l b9ds him ) cords2 he 0 c]ta9ly a man t ne$$ b9d+4 ,:at foll[s 9 ,ezekiel is v di/a/eful4 ,b we ne$ n wa/e our "t 9 assail+ all ! disgu/+ & abom9able dreams :i* are ! subject ( controv]sy betwe5 ! ,jews & ,*ri/ians4 ,we w be cont5t to deplore ! mo/ pitiful bl9dness t has ev] d>k5$ ! m9d ( man4 ,let u hope t ?is bl9dness w pass l s _m o!rs1 & let u proce$ to ! ,new ,te/am5t1 a wor?y sequel to :at has gone be=e4 ,?ird ,po9t ,va9 0 x t ! ,jews 7 a little m enlight5$ 9 ! "t ( ,augu/us ?an 9 ! b>b>ic ages ( :i* we h spok54 ,va9ly did ! ,jews beg9 to recognise ! immortality ( ! s\l1 a dogma unkn[n to ,moses1 & ! idea ( ,god rew>d+ ! j aft] dea? & puni%+ ! wick$1 a dogma equally unkn[n to ,moses4 ,reason none ! less p5etrat$ ?is mis]able p1 f :om issu$ ! ,*ri/ian religion1 :i* has prov$ ! s\rce ( s _m divisions1 civil w>s1 & crimes2 :i* has caus$ s mu* blood to fl[2 & :i* is brok5 into s _m sects 9 ! corn] ( ! e>? :]e x rules4 ,!re 7 at all times among ! ,jews p ( ! l[e/ ord]1 :o made prophecies 9 ord] to di/+ui% !mselves f ! populace4 ,we deal "h ) ! "o :o has become be/ kn[n1 & has be5 turn$ into a god2 we give a brief acc\nt ( 8 c>e]1 z x is describ$ 9 ! books call$ ! gospels4 ,we ne$ n seek to det]m9e :5 ^! books 7 writt52 x is evid5t t !y 7 writt5 aft] ! fall ( ,j]usalem4 ,y "k h[ absurdly ! f\r au?ors contradict ea* o!r4 ,x is a demon/rative pro( t !y are wrong4 ,we d n1 h[ev]1 ne$ _m pro(s to demoli% ?is mis]able /ructure4 ,we w be cont5t ) a %ort & fai?ful acc\nt4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,jesus is describ$ z a desc5dant ( ,abraham & ,david1 & ! writ] ,mat!w c\nts =ty-two g5]ations 9 two ?\s& ye>s4 ,9 8 li/1 h[ev]1 we f9d only =ty-"o1 & 9 ! g5ealogical tree :i* he borr[s f ,k+s he blund]s clumsily 9 mak+ ,josiah ! fa!r ( ,je*oniah4 ,luke also gives a g5ealogy1 b he assigns =ty-n9e g5]ations aft] ,abraham1 & !y are entirely diff]5t g5]ations4 ,to complete ! absurdity1 ^! g5]ations belong to ,joseph1 & ! evangeli/s assure u t ,jesus 0 n ! son ( ,joseph4 ,w\ld "o be receiv$ 9 a ,g]man *apt] on su* pro(s ( nobility8 ,yet !re is "q "h ( ! son ( ,god1 & ,god himself is ! au?or ( ! book6 ,mat!w says t :5 ,jesus1 ,k+ ( ! ,jews1 0 born 9 a /able 9 ! t[n ( ,be?lehem1 ?ree magi or k+s saw 8 /> 9 ! ea/1 & foll[$ x1 until x halt$ ov] ,be?lehem2 & t ,k+ ,h]od1 he>+ ^! ?+s1 caus$ all ! *ildr5 "u two ye>s ( age to be put to dea?4 ,c\ld any horror be m ridicul\s8 ,mat!w adds t ! fa!r & "m took ! *ild into ,egypt1 & rema9$ !re until ! dea? ( ,h]od4 ,luke says precisely ! contr>y2 he obs]ves t ,joseph & ,m>y rema9$ peacefully at ,be?lehem = six weeks1 !n w5t to ,j]usalem1 & f !re to ,naz>e?2 & t !y w5t e ye> to ,j]usalem4 ,! evangeli/s contradict ea* o!r 9 reg>d to ! "t ( ! life ( ,jesus1 8 miracles1 ! night ( ! supp]1 & ! day ( 8 dea?--9 a ^w1 9 reg>d to ne>ly all ! facts4 ,!re 7 =ty-n9e gospels compos$ by ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ few c5turies1 & ^! 7 /ill m flagrant 9 _! contradictions4 ,9 ! end1 ! f\r :i* we h 7 select$4 ,ev5 if !y 7 9 h>mony1 :at folly1 :at mis]y1 :at pu]ile & odi\s ?+s !y conta96 ,! fir/ adv5ture ( ,jesus1 son ( ,god1 is to be tak5 up by ! devil2 ! devil1 :o makes no appe>ance 9 ! books ( ,moses1 plays a great "p 9 ! gospels4 ,! devil1 !n1 takes ,god up a m\nta9 9 ! des]t4 ,f !re he %[s him all ! k+doms ( ! e>?4 ,:]e is ?is m\nta9 f :i* "o c see s _m l&s8 ,we d n "k4 ,john records t ,jesus goes to a m>riage-fea/1 & *anges wat] into w9e2 & t he drives f ! prec9cts ( ! temple ^? :o 7 sell+ ! animals ( ! sacrifices ord]$ 9 ! ,jewi% law4 ,all diseases 7 at t "t reg>d$ z possession by ! devil1 & ,jesus makes x ! mission ( 8 apo/les to expel devils4 ,z he goes along1 he deliv]s "o :o 0 possess$ by a legion ( devils1 & he makes ^! devils ent] a h]d ( sw9e1 :i* ca/ !mselves into ! sea ( ,tib]ias4 ,we may suppose t ! own]s ( ! sw9e1 :o 7 n ,jews app>5tly1 7 n pleas$ ) ?is com$y4 ,he heals a bl9d man1 & ! bl9d man sees m5 z if !y 7 trees4 ,he wi%es to eat figs 9 w9t]1 &1 n f9d+ any on a tree1 he curses ! tree & causes x to )]2 ! text prud5tly adds3 8,= x 0 n ! season ( figs40 ,he is trans=m$ dur+ ! night1 & causes ,moses & ,elias to appe>4 ,d ! /ories ( romanc]s ev5 approa* ^! absurdities8 ,at l5g?1 aft] con/antly insult+ ! ,ph>isees1 call+ !m 8races ( vip]s10 8:it5$ sepul*res10 etc41 he is h&$ ov] by !m to ju/ice1 & execut$ ) two ?ieves2 & ! hi/orians are bold en\gh to tell u t at 8 dea? ! e>? 0 d>k5$ at midday1 & at a "t ( full moon4 ,z if e writ] ( ! "t w\ld n h m5tion$ s /range a miracle4 ,aft] t x is a small matt] to make him rise f ! dead & pr$ict ! end ( ! _w2 :i*1 h[ev]1 has n happ5$4 ,! sect ( ,jesus l+]s 9 concealm5t2 fanaticism increases4 ,at fir/ !y d>e n make a god ( ?is man1 b !y soon take c\rage4 ,"s ,platonic metaphysic amalgamates ) ! ,naz>an sect1 & ,jesus becomes ! logos1 ! ^w ( ,god1 !n consub/antial ) ,god 8 fa!r4 ,! ,tr9ity is inv5t$2 &1 9 ord] to h x accept$1 ! fir/ gospels are falsifi$4 ,a passage is add$ 9 reg>d to ?is tru?1 & ! hi/orian ,josephus is falsifi$ & made to speak ( ,jesus1 ?\gh ,josephus is too s]i\s an hi/orian to m5tion su* a man4 ,!y g s f> z to =ge sibyll9e books4 ,9 a ^w1 !re is no k9d ( trick]y1 fraud1 & impo/ure t ! ,naz>ans d n adopt4 ,at ! end ( ?ree ye>s !y succe$$ 9 hav+ ,jesus recognis$ z a god4 ,n cont5t ) ?is extravagance1 !y g s f> z to locate _! god 9 a bit ( pa/e4 ,:ile _! god is eat5 by mice & dige/$1 !y hold t !re is no su* ?+ z bread 9 ! ho/2 t ,god has1 at ! ^w ( a man1 put himself 9 ! place ( ! bread4 ,all k9ds ( sup]/itions flood ! ,*ur*2 plund] is pr$om9ant 9 x2 indulg5ces1 b5efices1 & all k9ds ( spiritual ?+s are put up = sale4 ,! sect splits into a multitude ( sects2 age aft] age !y fight & slaught] ea* o!r4 ,at e dispute k+s & pr9ces are massacr$4 ,su*1 my de> bre?r51 is ! fruit ( ! tree ( ! ,cross1 ! p[] t has be5 decl>$ div9e4 ,= ?is !y h d>$ to br+ ,god ^u ! e>?2 to commit ,europe = ages to murd] & brig&age4 ,x is true t our fa!rs h 9 "p %ak5 (f ?is frightful yoke1 & rid !mselves ( "s errors & sup]/itions4 ,b h[ imp]fect !y h left ! "w6 ,ev]y?+ tells u t x is "t to complete x2 to de/roy utt]ly ! idol ( :i* we h z yet brok5 only a f+] or two4 ,numb]s ( !ologians h already embrac$ ,soc9ianism 7,unit>ianism71 :i* comes ne> to ! wor%ip ( "o ,god1 fre$ f sup]/ition4 ,engl&1 ,g]many1 & ! prov9ces ( ,france are full ( wise doctors1 :o ask only ! opportunity to break away4 ,!re are great numb]s 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,:y p]si/ 9 tea*+ :at we d n believe1 & make ourselves guilty be=e ,god ( ?is great s98 ,we are told t ! p ne$ my/]ies1 & mu/ be deceiv$4 ,my bre?r51 d>e any "o commit ?is outrage on humanity8 ,h n our fa!rs already tak5 f ! p _! transub/antiation1 auricul> confession1 indulg5ces1 exorcisms1 false miracles1 & ridicul\s /atues8 ,are n ! p accu/om$ to ! deprivation ( ?is food ( sup]/ition8 ,we mu/ h ! c\rage to g a few /eps f>!r4 ,! p are n s weak ( m9d z is ?\ght2 !y w easily admit a wise & simple cult ( "o ,god1 su* z 0 pr(ess$1 x is said1 by ,abraham & ,noah1 & by all ! sages ( antiquity1 & z is f\nd among ! educat$ p ( ,*9a4 ,we seek n to despoil ! cl]gy ( :at ! lib]ality ( _! foll[]s has giv5 !m2 we wi% !m1 s9ce mo/ ( !m secretly laugh at ! untru?s !y tea*1 to jo9 u 9 prea*+ ! tru?4 ,let !m obs]ve t1 :ile !y n[ (f5d & di%on\r ! ,deity1 !y w\ld1 if !y foll[ u1 glorify him4 ,:at incalculable good w\ld be done by t happy *ange8 ,pr9ces & magi/rates w\ld be bett] obey$1 ! p w\ld be tranquil1 ! _s ( division & hatr$ w\ld be expell$4 ,!y w\ld (f] to ,god1 9 peace1 ! fir/ fruits ( _! "w4 ,!re w\ld assur$ly be m righte\sness on ! e>?1 = _m weak-m9d$ folk :o he> contempt express$ daily = ! ,*ri/ian sup]/ition1 & "k t x is ridicul$ by ! prie/s !mselves1 ?\ghtlessly imag9e t !re is no su* ?+ z religion1 & ab&on !mselves to excesses4 ,b :5 !y le>n t ! ,*ri/ian sect is really only a p]v]sion ( natural religion2 :5 reason1 fre$ f its *a9s1 tea*es ! p t !re is b "o ,god2 t ?is ,god is ! common p>5t ( all m51 :o are bro!rs2 t1 z bro!rs1 !y mu/ be good & j to ea* o!r1 & practise e virtue2 t ,god1 be+ good & j1 mu/ rew>d virtue & puni% crime2 !n assur$ly1 my bre?r51 m5 w ga9 9 righte\sness z !y lose 9 sup]/ition4 ,we beg9 by giv+ ?is example 9 secret1 & we tru/ t x w be foll[$ 9 public4 ,may ! great ,god :o he>s me--a ,god :o c]ta9ly c\ld n be born ( a girl1 nor die on a gibbet1 nor be eat5 9 a morsel ( pa/e1 nor h inspir$ ?is book ) its contradictions1 follies1 & horrors--may ?is ,god1 creator ( all worlds1 h pity on ! sect ( ! ,*ri/ians :o blaspheme him4 ,may he br+ !m to ! holy & natural religion1 & %[] 8 bless+ on ! ef=ts we make to h him wor%ipp$4 ,am54 ,,! ,,que/ions ,,( ,,zapata 7,,translat$ ,,by ,,dr4 ,,tamponet1 ,,( ,,! ,,sorbonne7 ,! lic5tiate ,zapata1 be+ appo9t$ ,pr(essor ( ,!ology at ! ,univ]sity ( ,salamanca1 pres5t$ ^! que/ions to a committee ( doctors 9 #afbi4 ,!y 7 suppress$4 ,! ,spani% copy is 9 ! ,brunswick ,libr>y4 ,,wise ,,ma/]s3 #a4 ,h[ ought ,i to proce$ ) ! object ( %[+ t ! ,jews1 :om we burn by ! hundr$1 7 = f\r ?\s& ye>s ,god's *os5 p8 #b4 ,h[ c\ld ,god1 :om "o _c )\t blasphemy reg>d z unju/1 =sake ! :ole e>? = ! little ,jewi% tribe1 & !n ab&on ?is little gr\p = ano!r1 :i*1 dur+ two hundr$ ye>s1 0 ev5 small] & m despis$8 #c4 ,:y did he p]=m a numb] ( incompreh5sible miracles 9 fav\r ( ?is mis]able nation be=e ! p]iod :i* is call$ hi/orical8 ,:y did he1 "s c5turies ago1 cease to p]=m !m8 ,& :y d we1 :o are ,god's p1 nev] witness any8 #d4 ,if ,god is ! ,god ( ,abraham1 :y d y burn ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham8 ,&1 :5 y burn !m1 :y d y recite _! pray]s8 ,h[ is x t1 s9ce y wor%ip ! book ( _! law1 y put !m to dea? = obs]v+ t law8 #e4 ,h[ %all ,i reconcile ! *ronology ( ! ,*9ese1 ,*aldans1 ,phnicians1 & ,egyptians ) t ( ! ,jews8 ,& h[ %all ,i reconcile ! =ty diff]5t me?ods ( calculation :i* ,i f9d 9 ! comm5tators8 ,if ,i say t ,god dictat$ ! book1 ,i may be told t ,god evid5tly is n an exp]t 9 *ronology4 #f4 ,by :at argum5t c ,i prove t ! books attribut$ to ,moses 7 writt5 by him 9 ! des]t8 ,h[ c\ld he say t he wrote beyond ! ,jordan :5 he nev] cross$ ! ,jordan8 ,i may be told t ,god is evid5tly n good at geography4 #g4 ,! book entitl$ ,jo%ua says t ,jo%ua _h ,deut]onomy engrav$ on /ones coat$ ) mort>2 ?is passage 9 ,jo%ua1 & o!rs 9 anci5t writ]s1 cle>ly prove t 9 ! days ( ,moses & ,jo%ua ! peoples ( ! ,ea/ engrav$ _! laws & obs]vations on /one & brick4 ,! ,p5tateu* tells u t ! ,jewi% p 7 )\t food & clo?+ 9 ! des]t2 x seems h>dly probable t1 if !y _h no tailors or %oemak]s1 !y _h m5 :o 7 able to engrave a l>ge book4 ,9 any case1 h[ did !y pres]ve ?is l>ge "w inscrib$ 9 mort>8 #h4 ,:at is ! be/ way to refute ! objections ( ! le>n$ m5 :o f9d 9 ! ,p5tateu* ! names ( t[ns :i* 7 n yet 9 exi/5ce2 precepts = k+s :om ! ,jews dete/$1 & :o did n reign until sev5 hundr$ ye>s aft] ,moses2 & passages 9 :i* ! au?or betrays t he 0 mu* lat] ?an ,moses1 z3 8,! b$ ( ,og1 :i* is /ill se5 9 ,rama?10 8,! ,canaanite 0 !n 9 ! l&10 etc41 etc41 etc41 etc48 ,^! le>n$ m5 might1 ) ! difficulties & contradictions :i* !y impute to ! ,jewi% *ronicles1 give "s tr\ble to a lic5tiate4 #i4 ,is ! book ( ,g5esis to be tak5 lit]ally or allegorically8 ,did ,god really take a rib f ,adam & make woman !re)8 &1 if s1 :y is x previ\sly /at$ t he made man male & female8 ,h[ did ,god create light be=e ! sun8 ,h[ did he sep>ate light f d>kness1 s9ce d>kness is m]ely ! abs5ce ( light8 ,h[ c\ld !re be a day be=e ! sun 0 made8 ,h[ 0 ! firmam5t made amid ! wat]s1 s9ce !re is no su* ?+ z a firmam5t8--x is an illusion ( ! anci5t ,greeks4 ,!re are ^? :o sugge/ t ,g5esis 0 n writt5 until ! ,jews _h "s k ( ! errone\s philosophy ( o!r peoples1 & x w\ld pa9 me to he> x said t ,god kn[s no m ab\t physics ?an he does ab\t *ronology & geography4 #aj4 ,:at %all ,i say ( ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 f :i* issu$ a riv] :i* divid$ into f\r riv]s--! ,tigris1 ,euphrates1 ,phison 7:i* is believ$ to be ! ,phasis71 & ,gihon1 :i* fl[s 9 ,e?iopia1 & mu/ !re=e be ! ,nile1 ! s\rce ( :i* is a ?\s& miles f ! s\rce ( ! ,euphrates8 ,i %all be told once m t ,god is a v poor geograph]4 #aa4 ,i %\ld1 ) all my he>t1 l to eat ! fruit :i* hung f ! tree ( k2 & x seems to me t ! prohibition to eat x is /range4 ,s9ce ,god end[$ man ) reason1 he ought to enc\rage him to advance 9 k4 ,did he wi% to be s]v$ only by fools8 ,i %\ld also l to h spee* ) ! s]p5t1 s9ce x 0 s intellig5t2 b ,i %\ld l to "k :at language x spoke4 ,! ,emp]or ,julian1 a great philosoph]1 ask$ ?is ( ! great ,/4 ,cyril1 :o c\ld n meet ! "q1 & said to ! le>n$ emp]or3 8,y are ! s]p5t40 ,/4 ,cyril 0 n polite2 b y w obs]ve t he did n p]petrate ?is !ological imp]t95ce until ,julian 0 dead4 ,g5esis says t ! s]p5t eats e>?2 y "k t ,g5esis is wrong1 & t e>? alone conta9s no n\ri%m5t4 ,9 reg>d to ,god walk+ famili>ly e day 9 ! g>d51 & talk+ to ,adam & ,eve & ! s]p5t1 ,i may say t x w\ld h be5 v pleasant to h be5 !re4 ,b z ,i ?9k y are mu* m fitt$ = ! k9d ( society :i* ,joseph & ,m>y _h 9 ! /able at ,be?lehem1 ,i w n advise y to visit ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 especially z ! gate is n[ gu>d$ by a *]ub arm$ to ! tee?4 ,x is true t1 accord+ to ! rabbis1 *]ub means 8ox40#fd ,a curi\s k9d ( port]6 ,please let me "k at lea/ :at a *]ub is4 #ab4 ,h[ %all ,i expla9 ! /ory ( ! angels :o fell 9 love ) ! daught]s ( m51 & begot giants8 ,may ,i n be told t ?is episode is borr[$ f pagan leg5ds8 ,b z ! ,jews inv5t$ ev]y?+ 9 ! des]t1 & 7 v +5i\s1 x is cle> t all ! o!r nations took _! sci5ce f ! ,jews4 ,hom]1 ,plato1 ,cic]o1 & ,v]gil le>n$ all !y knew f ! ,jews4 ,is n t prov$8 #ac4 ,h[ %all ,i get out ( ! deluge1 ! cat>acts ( heav5 7:i* has no cat>acts71 & ! animals com+ f ,japan1 ,africa1 ,am]ica1 & ! s\?1 & be+ enclos$ 9 a l>ge ark ) food & dr9k = "o ye>1 )\t c\nt+ ! "t :5 ! e>? 0 /ill too damp to produce food = !m8 ,h[ did ,noah's little family manage to give all ^! animals _! prop] food8 ,x consi/$ only ( eight p]sons4 #ad4 ,h[ c ,i make ! /ory ( ! t[] ( ,babel plausible8 ,?is t[] mu/ h be5 high] ?an ! pyramids ( ,egypt1 s9ce ,god all[$ ! build+ ( ! pyramids4 ,did x rea* z high z ,v5us1 or at lea/ to ! moon8 #ae4 ,by :at device %all ,i ju/ify ! two lies ( ,abraham1 ! fa!r ( believ]s1 :o1 at ! age ( "o hundr$ & ?irty-five 7c\nt+ c>efully71 repres5t$ ! pretty ,s>ah z 8 si/] 9 ,egypt & at ,g]>1 9 ord] t ! k+s ( ^? c\ntries might fall 9 love ) h] & make pres5ts to him8 ,:at a naughty ?+ to d1 to sell "o's wife6 #af4 ,give me "s explanation :y1 al?\gh ,god told ,abraham t all 8 po/]ity %\ld be circumcis$1 ?is 0 n done "u ,moses4 #ag4 ,c ,i "k by my natural p[]s :e!r ! ?ree angels1 to :om ,s>ah (f]$ a :ole calf to eat1 _h bodies1 or borr[$ bodies8 #ah4 ,w my he>]s believe me :5 ,i tell !m t ,lot's wife 0 *ang$ into a salt /atue8 ,:at %all ,i say to ^? :o tell me t x is probably a co>se imitation ( ! anci5t fable ( ,eurydice1 & t a salt /atue w\ld n la/ 9 ! ra98 #ai4 ,:at %all ,i say 9 ju/ification ( ! bless+s :i* fell on ,jacob1 ! j man1 :o deceiv$ 8 fa!r ,isaac & robb$ 8 fa!r-9-law ,laban8 ,h[ %all ,i expla9 ,god appe>+ to him at ! top ( a ladd]8 ,& h[ c\ld ,jacob fight an angel all night81 etc41 etc4 #bj4 ,h[ mu/ ,i treat ! soj\rn ( ! ,jews 9 ,egypt & _! escape8 ,exodus says t !y rema9$ f\r hundr$ ye>s 9 ,egypt2 b1 c\nt+ c>efully1 we f9d only two hundr$ & five ye>s4 ,:y did ,ph>aoh's daught] ba! 9 ! ,nile1 9 :i* no "o ev] ba!s on acc\nt ( ! crocodiles81 etc41 etc4 #ba4 ,moses hav+ w$d$ ! daught] ( an idolat]1 h[ c\ld ,god *oose him z 8 prophet )\t reproa*+ him8 ,h[ c\ld ,ph>aoh's magicians "w ! same miracles z ,moses1 except t ( cov]+ ! l& ) lice & v]m98 ,h[ c\ld !y *ange into blood all ! wat]s1 s9ce ^! _h already be5 *ang$ into blood by ,moses8 ,h[ 0 x t ,moses1 l$ by ,god himself1 & at ! head ( six hundr$ & ?irty ?\s& fight+ m51 fl$ ) 8 p1 in/ead ( tak+ ,egypt1 9 :i* ,god _h sla9 all ! fir/-born8 ,egypt nev] _h an army ( a hundr$ ?\s& m51 f ! fir/ m5tion ( x 9 hi/orical times4 ,h[ 0 x t ,moses1 fly+ ) 8 troops f ! l& ( ,go%51 cross$ half ( ,egypt1 in/ead ( go+ /raight to ,canaan1 & advanc$ z f> z ,memphis1 betwe5 ,baal-,sephon & ! ,r$ ,sea8 ,f9ally1 h[ c\ld ,ph>aoh pursue him ) all 8 cavalry :51 9 ! fif? plague ( ,egypt1 ,god _h j de/roy$ all ! horses & bea/s 9 ! c\ntry1 &1 moreov]1 ,egypt1 :i* is mu* brok5 by canals1 always _h v little cavalry8 #bb4 ,h[ %all ,i reconcile :at is said 9 ,exodus ) ! spee* ( ,/4 ,/eph5 9 ,acts & ! passages ( ,j]emiah & ,amos8 ,exodus says t !y sacrific$ to ,jehovah = =ty ye>s 9 ! des]t2 ,j]emiah1 ,amos1 & ,/4 ,/eph5 say t nei!r sacrifice nor victim 0 (f]$ dur+ all t "t4 ,exodus says t !y made ! tab]nacle1 :i* conta9$ ! ark ( ! cov5ant2 ,/4 ,/eph51 9 ,acts1 says t !y took ! tab]nacle f ,molo* & ,remphan4 #bc4 ,i am n suffici5tly v]s$ 9 *emi/ry to deal happily ) ! gold5 calf :i*1 ,exodus says1 0 made 9 a day1 & :i* ,moses r$uc$ to a%es4 ,are !y two miracles1 or two possibilities ( human art8 #bd4 ,0 x a fur!r miracle = ! lead] ( a nation1 9 a des]t1 to h tw5ty-?ree ?\s& m5 ( t nation sla9 by a s+le "o ( ! twelve tribes1 & = tw5ty-?ree ?\s& m5 to let !mselves be massacr$ )\t mak+ any def5ce8 #be4 ,mu/ ,i aga9 reg>d x z a miracle1 or z an act ( ord9>y ju/ice1 t tw5ty-f\r ?\s& ,hebrews 7 put to dea? because "o ( !m _h la9 ) a ,midianite woman1 :ile ,moses himself _h m>ri$ a ,midianite8 ,& 7 n ^! ,hebrews1 :o are describ$ to u z s f]oci\s1 really v good fell[s to let !mselves be sla9 = girls8 #bf4 ,:at explanation %all ,i give ( ! law :i* =bids ! eat+ ( ! h>e 8because x rum9ates1 & has n a clov5 foot10 :]eas h>es h clov5 feet & d n rum9ate8 ,we h already se5 t ?is rem>kable book sugge/s t ,god is a poor geograph]1 a poor *ronologi/1 & a poor physici/2 he seems to h be5 no less weak 9 natural hi/ory4 ,h[ c ,i expla9 o!r equally wise laws1 su* z t ( ! wat]s ( jeal\sy & ! s5t5ce ( dea? on a man :o lies ) 8 wife dur+ ! m5/rual p]iod8 etc41 etc41 etc4 ,c ,i ju/ify ^! b>b>ic & ridicul\s laws1 :i* are said to h be5 giv5 by ,god himself8 #bg4 ,:at answ] %all ,i make to ^? :o are surpris$ t a miracle 0 ne$$ to effect ! cross+ ( ! ,jordan1 s9ce x is only =ty-five feet across at its wide/1 c\ld easily be cross$ ) a small raft1 & 0 =dable at _m po9ts1 z we le>n f ! slay+ ( =ty-two ?\s& ,ephraimites by _! bro!rs at a =d ( ! same riv]8 #bh4 ,:at reply %all ,i make to ^? :o ask h[ ! walls ( ,j]i*o fell at ! s\nd ( a trumpet1 & :y o!r t[ns did n fall 9 ! same way8 #bi4 ,h[ %all ,i excuse ! conduct ( ! h>lot ,rahab 9 betray+ h] c\ntry1 ,j]i*o8 ,h[ 0 ?is trea*]y necess>y1 s9ce !y _h only to bl[ _! trumpet to take a t[n8 ,& h[ %all ,i fa?om ! dep? ( ! div9e decrees :i* enact$ t our div9e ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/ %\ld desc5d f ?is h>lot ,rahab1 f ! ince/ ( ,?am> ) h] fa!r-9-law ,judah1 & f ! adult]y ( ,david & ,ba?%eba8 ,h[ incompreh5sible are ! ways ( ,god6 #cj4 ,h[ c ,i approve ( ,jo%ua hang+ ?irty-"o k+lets & usurp+ _! little ,/ates--t is to say1 _! villages8 #ca4 ,h[ %all ,i speak ( ! battle ( ,jo%ua ) ! ,amorites at ,be?-horon on ! way to ,gibeon8 ,! ,"l s5ds a ra9 ( /ones1 f ,be?-horon to ,azekah3 x is fifte5 miles f ,be?-horon to ,azekah2 !re=e ! ,amorites 7 ext]m9at$ by rocks :i* fell f heav5 ov] a space ( fifte5 miles4 ,! ,scripture says t x 0 midday4 ,:y1 !n1 did ,jo%ua comm& ! sun & ! moon to /& /ill 9 ! middle ( ! sky 9 ord] to give him "t to complete ! defeat ( a small troop :i* 0 already ext]m9at$8 ,:y did he tell ! moon to /& /ill at midday8 ,h[ c\ld ! sun & moon rema9 9 ! same place = a day8 ,:i* comm5tator %all ,i consult = an explanation ( ?is extraord9>y tru?8 #cb4 ,:at %all ,i say ( ,jeph?ah immolat+ 8 daught]1 & hav+ =ty-two ?\s& ,jews ( ! tribe ( ,ephraim1 :o c\ld n say ,%ibbole?1 put to dea?8 #cc4 ,ought ,i to admit or d5y t ! ,jewi% law n[h]e speaks ( puni%m5t or rew>d aft] dea?8 ,h[ is x t nei!r ,moses nor ,jo%ua ev] spoke ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 a dogma well kn[n to ! anci5t ,egyptians1 ,*aldans1 ,p]sians1 & ,greeks1 b h>dly kn[n to ! ,jews until aft] ! "t ( ,alex&]1 & always reject$ by ! ,sadducees because x is n 9 ! ,p5tateu*8 #cd4 ,:at gloss mu/ ,i put on ! /ory ( ! ,levite :o1 com+ on 8 ass to ! ,b5jamite t[n ,gibeah1 excit$ ! passion ( all ! ,gibeonites8 ,he ab&on$ 8 wife to !m1 & %e di$ ! next day4 #ce4 ,i ne$ y\r advice to enable me to und]/& ! n9ete5? v]se ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,judges3 8,& ! ,"l 0 ) ,judah3 & he drave out ! inhabitants ( ! m\nta93 b c\ld n drive out ! inhabitants ( ! valley1 because !y _h *>iots ( iron40 ,i _c1 ( my own feeble lights1 und]/& h[ ! ,god ( heav5 & e>?1 :o _h s (t5 sup]s$$ ! ord] ( nature & susp5d$ ! et]nal laws 9 fav\r ( ! ,jewi% p1 0 unable to vanqui% ! inhabitants ( a valley because !y _h iron *>iots4 ,c x be true t1 z "s le>n$ m5 say1 ! ,jews at t "t reg>d$ _! ,god z a local & protect+ deity1 sometimes m p[]ful1 at o!r times less p[]ful1 ?an ! gods ( ! enemy8 ,& is ?is n prov$ by ! reply ( ,jeph?ah3 8,ye possess by "r :at y\r god ,camos has giv5 y3 suff] !n t we take :at our god ,adonai has promis$ u08 #cf4 ,i may add t x is difficult to believe t !re 7 s _m *>iots arm$ ) scy!s 9 a m\nta9\s di/rict1 9 :i*1 z ! ,scriptures (t5 %[1 ! height ( magnific5ce 0 to be m\nt$ on an ass4#fe #cg4 ,! /ory ( ,ehud gives me ev5 great] tr\ble4 ,i see t ! ,jews 7 always 9 bondage1 9 spite ( ! help ( _! ,god1 :o _h sworn to give !m all ! c\ntry betwe5 ! ,nile1 ! sea1 & ! ,euphrates4 ,= eighte5 ye>s !y 7 subject to a petty k+ nam$ ,eglon1 :5 ,god rais$ up = !m ,ehud1 son ( ,g]a1 :o us$ 8 left h& z well z ! "r4 ,ehud1 son ( ,g]a1 made a two-edg$ sword1 & hid x "u 8 cloak--z ,jacques ,clm5t & ,ravaillac did aft]w>ds4 ,he asks a private audi5ce ( ! k+1 say+ t he has a secret ( ! utmo/ importance to communicate to him f ,god4 ,eglon respectfully rises1 & ,ehud drives 8 sword into 8 belly ) 8 left h&4 ,god entirely approv$ ?is de$2 b1 judg$ by ! moral code ( all nations1 x seems r que/ionable4 ,please tell me :i* 0 ! mo/ div9e assass9ation1 t ( ,/4 ,ehud1 or t ( ,/4 ,david 7:o _h ,uriah1 ! husb& ( 8 mi/ress1 sla971 or t ( ! bless$ ,solomon1 :o1 hav+ sev5 hundr$ wives & ?ree hundr$ concub9es1 assass9at$ 8 bro!r ,adonias because he ask$ = "o ( !m8 etc41 etc41 etc41 etc4 #ch4 ,i pray y tell me by :at trick ,samson caught ?ree hundr$ foxes1 ti$ !m toge!r by _! tails1 & fa/5$ light$ tor*es to _! h9d qu>t]s1 9 ord] to set fire to ! h>ve/s ( ! ,phili/9es4 ,foxes are f\nd only 9 wood$ c\ntry4 ,!re 0 no =e/ 9 ?is di/rict1 & x seems r difficult to cat* ?ree hundr$ foxes alive & tie !m toge!r by _! tails4 ,x is !n said t he kill$ a ?\s& ,phili/9es ) ! jaw ( an ass1 & t a spr+ issu$ f "o ( ! tee? ( ?is jaw4 ,:5 x comes to ! jaws ( asses1 y c]ta9ly owe me explanations4 #ci4 ,i also ask y = in=mation ab\t t good man ,tobias1 :o slept ) 8 eyes op51 & 0 bl9d$ by ! dropp+s ( a swall[2 ab\t ! angel :o came d[n expressly f :at is call$ ! empyrean to seek1 ) ,tobias junior1 ! money :i* ! ,jew ,gabel ow$ to ,tobias s5ior2 ab\t ! wife ( ,tobias junior1 :o _h _h sev5 husb&s ^: necks _h be5 wrung by ! devil2 & ab\t ! way to re/ore sight to ! bl9d ) ! gall ( a fi%4 ,^! /ories are curi\s1 & no?+ is m wor?y ( att5tion--aft] ,spani% novels2 ! only ?+s to :i* !y may be comp>$ are ! /ories ( ,judi? & ,e/h]4 ,b h[ am ,i to int]pret ! sacr$ text :i* says t ! beautiful ,judi? desc5d$ f ,simeon1 son ( ,reub51 :]eas ,simeon 0 ! bro!r ( ,reub51 accord+ to ! same sacr$ text1 :i* _c lie8 ,i am v fond ( ,e/h]1 & ?9k ! alleg$ ,k+ ,assu]us act$ v s5sibly 9 m>ry+ a ,jewess & liv+ ) h] = six mon?s )\t kn[+ :o %e 04 ,z all ! re/ ( ! /ory is ( mu* ! same "*1 ,i mu/ ask y k9dly to come to my assi/ance1 my wise ma/]s4 #dj4 ,i ne$ y\r help 9 reg>d to ! hi/ory ( ! k+s1 at lea/ z mu* z 9 reg>d to ! hi/ory ( ! judges1 ( ,tobias & 8 dog1 ( ,e/h]1 ( ,judi?1 ( ,ru?1 etc41 etc4 ,:5 ,saul 0 appo9t$ k+1 ! ,jews 7 9 bondage to ! ,phili/9es4 ,_! conqu]ors did n all[ !m to h swords or lances2 !y 7 ev5 compell$ to g to ! ,phili/9es to h _! pl\gh%>es & axes %>p5$4 ,nev]!less1 ,saul gives battle to ! ,phili/9es & defeats !m2 & 9 ?is battle he is at ! head ( ?ree hundr$ & ?irty ?\s& soldi]s1 9 a little c\ntry t _c su/a9 ?irty ?\s& s\ls4 ,! ,jews _h n at t "t m ?an a ?ird ( ,pale/9e1 at ! mo/1 & s /]ile a c\ntry does n su/a9 tw5ty ?\s& inhabitants to-day4 ,! surplus population 0 compell$ to g & e>n its liv+ by pro/itution at ,damascus1 ,tyre1 & ,babylon4 #da4 ,i "k n h[ ,i c ju/ify ! conduct ( ,samuel 9 cutt+ into pieces ,agag1 :om ,saul _h tak5 prison] & put to ransom4 ,i wond] :e!r our k+ ,philip1 if he captur$ a ,moori% k+1 & made an agreem5t ) him1 w\ld be approv$ if he cut ! captur$ k+ 9 pieces4 #db4 ,we owe great respect to ,david1 :o 0 a man aft] ,god's he>t2 b ,i fe> ,i am n le>n$ en\gh to ju/ify1 by ord9>y laws1 ! conduct ( ,david 9 associat+ ) f\r hundr$ m5 ( evil ways1 & burd5$ ) debt1 z ! ,scripture says2 9 go+ to sack ! h\se ( ! k+'s s]vant ,nabal1 & m>ry+ 8 wid[ a week lat]2 9 (f]+ 8 s]vices to ,a*i%1 ! k+'s enemy1 & spread+ fire & blood ov] ! l& ( ! allies ( ,a*i%1 )\t sp>+ ei!r age or sex2 9 tak+ new concub9es z soon z he is on ! ?rone2 &1 n cont5t ) ^! concub9es1 9 /eal+ ,ba?%eba f h] husb&1 :om he n only di%on\rs1 b slays4 ,i f9d x difficult to imag9e h[ ,god c\ld aft]w>ds desc5d1 9 ,juda1 f ?is adult]\s & homicidal woman1 :o is c\nt$ among ! ance/resses ( ! ,et]nal4 ,i h already w>n$ y t ?is article causes mu* tr\ble to pi\s s\ls4 #dc4 ,! weal? ( ,david & ,solomon1 :i* am\nt$ to m ?an five hundr$ ?\s& million gold ducats1 seems to be n easily reconcil$ ) ! pov]ty ( ! c\ntry & ) ! condition to :i* ! ,jews 7 r$uc$ "u ,saul1 :5 !y _h n ! means ( %>p5+ _! pl\gh%>es & axes4 ,our cavalry (fic]s w %rug _! %\ld]s :5 ,i tell !m t ,solomon _h f\r hundr$ ?\s& horses 9 a little c\ntry :]e !re nev] 71 & are n to-day1 any?+ b asses1 z ,i h already _h ! hon\r to repres5t to y4 #dd4 ,if ,i 7 to run ov] ! hi/ory ( ! frightful cruelties ( ne>ly all ! k+s ( ,judah & ,israel1 ,i fe> ,i %\ld sc&alise1 r ?an edify1 ! weak4 ,^! k+s assass9ate ea* o!r a little too frequ5tly4 ,x is bad politics1 if ,i am n mi/ak54 #de4 ,i see ?is small p almo/ always 9 bondage to ! ,phnicians1 ,babylonians1 ,p]sians1 ,syrians1 or ,romans2 & ,i may h "s tr\ble 9 reconcil+ s mu* mis]y ) ! magnific5t promises ( _! prophets4 #df4 ,i "k t all ! ea/]n nations _h prophets1 b ,i d n q und]/& ^? ( ! ,jews4 ,:at is ! mean+ ( ! vision ( ,ezekiel1 son ( ,buzi1 ne> ! riv] ,*eb>2 ( ! f\r animals :i* _h f\r faces & f\r w+s ea*1 ) ! feet ( calves2 ( ! :eel t _h f\r faces2 & ( ! firmam5t above ! heads ( ! animals8 ,h[ c we expla9 ! ord] giv5 by ,god to ,ezekiel to eat a p>*m5t book1 to h himself b\nd1 & to lie on 8 left side = ?ree hundr$ & n9ety days1 & on 8 "r side = =ty days8 #dg4 ,x w be my duty to expla9 ! great prophecy ( ,isaiah 9 reg>d to our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x is1 z y "k1 9 ! sev5? *apt]4 ,rez91 k+ ( ,syria1 & ,pekah1 k+let ( ,israel1 7 besieg+ ,j]usalem4 ,ahaz1 k+let ( ,j]usalem1 consults ! prophet ,isaiah z to ! issue ( ! siege4 ,isaiah replies3 8,god %all give y a sign3 a girl 7or woman7 %all conceive & be> a son1 & %all call 8 "n ,immanuel4 ,butt] & honey %all he eat1 t he may "k to refuse ! evil & *oose ! good4 ,= be=e ! *ild %all be able to refuse ! evil & *oose ! good ! l& %all be deliv]$ ( bo? ! k+s1 444 & ! ,"l %all hiss = ! fly t is 9 ! utt]mo/ "p ( ! riv]s ( ,egypt1 & = ! bee t is 9 ! l& ( ,assyria40 ,!n1 9 ! eigh? *apt]1 ! prophet1 to ensure ! fulfilm5t ( ! prophecy1 lies ) ! prophetess4 ,%e bore a son1 & ! ,"l said to ,isaiah3 8,call 8 "n ,mah]-%alal-ha%-baz ,ha/5-to-seize-!-spoil1 or ,run-quickly-to-!-booty4 ,= be=e ! *ild %all h k to cry1 ,my fa!r & my "m1 ! p[] ( ,damascus %all be ov]?r[n40 ,i _c pla9ly int]pret ?is prophecy )\t y\r assi/ance4 #dh4 ,h[ mu/ ,i und]/& ! /ory ( ,jonah1 :o 0 s5t to ,n9eveh to prea* p5ance8 ,n9eveh 0 n ,israelitic1 & x seems t ,jonah 0 to in/ruct x 9 ! ,jewi% law be=e br++ x to rep5t4 ,in/ead ( obey+ ! ,"l1 ,jonah flies to ,t>%i%4 ,a /orm arises1 & ! sailors ?r[ ,jonah into ! sea to appease ! tempe/4 ,god s5ds a great fi% to swall[ ,jonah1 & he rema9s ?ree days & ?ree nights 9 ! belly ( ! fi%4 ,god ord]s ! fi% to give up ,jonah1 & x obeys4 ,jonah disemb>ks on ! coa/ ( ,joppa4 ,god comm&s him to g & tell ,n9eveh t 9 =ty days x w be ov]turn$1 unless x does p5ance4 ,x is m ?an f\r hundr$ miles f ,joppa to ,n9eveh4 ,d n all ! /ories dem& a sup]ior k :i* ,i lack8 ,i greatly wi% to conf\nd ! le>n$ m5 :o ass]t t ?is leg5d is tak5 f ! leg5d ( ! anci5t ,h]cules4 #di4 ,%[ me h[ to int]pret ! fir/ v]ses ( ! prophet ,hosea4 ,god explicitly enjo9s him to take a h>lot & h *ildr5 by h]4 ,! prophet obeys punctually4 ,he pays 8 respects to ,dona ,gom]1 daught] ( ,dom ,diblaim1 keeps h] ?ree ye>s1 & has ?ree *ildr5--:i* is a model4 ,!n ,god desires ano!r model4 ,he ord]s him to lie ) ano!r gay lady1 a m>ri$ woman1 :o has already deceiv$ h] husb&4 ,! good ,hosea1 always ob$i5t1 has no tr\ble 9 f9d+ a h&some lady ( ?is "*1 & x co/s him only fifte5 pieces ( silv] & a measure ( b>ley4 ,i beg y to tell me h[ mu* ! piece ( silv] 0 wor? among ! ,jews4 #ej4 ,i h /ill great] ne$ ( y\r wise guidance 9 reg>d to ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,i h>dly "k :at to say :5 ,i h to reconcile ! two g5ealogies ( ,jesus4 ,i %all be rem9d$ t ,mat!w makes ,jacob ! fa!r ( ,joseph1 :ile ,luke makes him ! son ( ,heli1 & t ?is is impossible unless we *ange ,he into ,ja & li into cob4 ,i %all be ask$ :y ! "o c\nts fifty-six g5]ations & ! o!r only =ty-two1 & :y ! g5]ations are q diff]5t2 & !n :y only =ty-"o are giv5 in/ead ( ! promis$ =ty-two2 & la/ly :y ! g5ealogical tree ( ,joseph 0 giv5 at all1 see+ t he 0 n ! fa!r ( ,jesus4 ,i fe> to make a fool ( myself1 z s _m ( my pr$ecessors h done4 ,i tru/ t y w extricate me f ?is labyr9?4 #ea4 ,if ,i decl>e t1 z ,luke says1 ,augu/us _h ord]$ a c5sus to be tak5 ( ! :ole e>? :5 ,m>y 0 pregnant1 & t ,cyr5ius or ,quir9us1 ! gov]nor ( ,syria1 publi%$ ! decree1 & t ,joseph & ,m>y w5t to ,be?lehem to be enum]at$2 & if p laugh at me1 & antiqu>ians tea* me t !re nev] 0 a c5sus ( ! ,roman ,empire1 t ,qu9tilius ,v>us1 n ,cyr5ius1 0 at t "t gov]nor ( ,syria1 & t ,cyr5ius only gov]n$ ,syria t5 ye>s aft] ! bir? ( ,jesus1 ,i %all be v mu* emb>rass$1 & no d\bt y w extricate me f ?is little difficulty4 ,= h[ c\ld a book be inspir$ if !re 7 "o s+le untru? 9 x8 #eb4 ,:5 ,i tea* t1 z ,mat!w says1 ! family w5t into ,egypt1 ,i %all be told t t is n true1 b t1 z ! o!r evangeli/s say1 ! family rema9$ 9 ,juda2 & if ,i !n grant t !y rema9$ 9 ,juda1 ,i %all be told t !y 7 9 ,egypt4 ,is x n simpl] to say t "o c be 9 two places at once1 z happ5$ to ,/4 ,francis ,xavi] & sev]al o!r sa9ts8 #ec4 ,a/ronom]s may laugh at ! /> :i* l$ ! ?ree k+s to a /able4 ,b y are great a/rolog]s1 & w be able to expla9 ! ph5om5on4 ,tell me1 especially1 h[ mu* gold ! k+s pres5t$4 ,= y are wont to extort a good deal ( x f k+s & peoples4 ,& 9 reg>d to ! f\r? k+1 ,h]od1 :y did he fe> t ,jesus1 born 9 a /able1 might become k+ ( ! ,jews8 ,h]od 0 k+ only by p]mission ( ! ,romans2 x 0 ! bus9ess ( ,augu/us4 ,! massacre ( ! innoc5ts is r curi\s4 ,i am disappo9t$ t no ,roman writ] m5tions x4 ,an anci5t & mo/ tru?ful 7z !y all are7 m>tyrology gives ! numb] ( ^! m>tyr$ infants z f\rte5 ?\s&4 ,if y w\ld l me to add a few ?\s& m1 y h only to say s4 #ed4 ,y w tell me h[ ! devil c>ri$ (f ,god & p]*$ him on a hill 9 ,galilee1 f :i* "o c\ld see all ! k+doms ( ! e>?4 ,! devil promis+ ^! k+doms to ,god1 provid$ ,god wor%ips ! devil1 may sc&alise _m good p1 :om ,i recomm5d to y\r notice4 #ee4 ,i beg y1 :5 y g to a w$d+ fea/1 to tell me h[ ,god1 :o also w5t to a w$d+ fea/1 succe$$ 9 *ang+ wat] into w9e = ! sake ( p :o 7 already drunk4 #ef4 ,:5 y eat figs at breakfa/ t[>ds ! end ( ,july1 ,i beg y to tell me :y ,god1 be+ hungry1 look$ = figs at ! beg9n+ ( ! mon? ( ,m>*1 :5 x 0 n ! season ( figs4 #eg4 ,hav+ receiv$ y\r in/ructions on all ! prodigies ( ?is nature1 ,i %all h to say t ,god 0 condemn$ to be execut$ = orig9al s94 ,& if ,i am told t !re 0 nev] any "q ( orig9al s91 ei!r 9 ! ,old or ! ,new ,te/am5t2 t x is m]ely /at$ t ,adam 0 condemn$ to die on ! day on :i* he %\ld eat ! fruit ( ! tree ( k1 & he did n die2 & t ,augu/9e1 bi%op ( ,hippo1 =m]ly a ,mani*ean1 0 ! fir/ to set up ! doctr9e ( orig9al s91 ,i submit to y t1 z my he>]s are n ! simple folk ( ,hippo1 ,i run "s risk ( excit+ d]ision by speak+ mu* )\t say+ any?+4 ,:5 c]ta9 cavill]s came to %[ me t ,god c\ld n possibly be execut$ because an apple 0 eat5 f\r ?\s& ye>s be=e 8 dea?1 & c\ld n possibly h r$eem$ ! human race1 yet1 ap>t f a *os5 few1 left ! :ole ( x 9 ! devil's claws1 ,i _h only v]biage to give 9 reply1 & w5t away to hide my %ame4 #eh4 ,?r[ "s light = me on ! prophecy :i* ,our ,"l makes 9 ,luke 7*4 xxi474 ,jesus says explicitly t he w come 9 a cl\d ) great p[] & great glory be=e ! g5]ation to :i* he speaks %all pass away4 ,he did n d ?is2 he did n come 9 ! cl\ds4 ,if he came 9 "s fog or o!r1 we "k no?+ ab\t x2 tell me :at y ?9k4 ,! ,apo/le ,paul also says to 8 ,!ssalonian disciples t !y w g ) him 9 ! cl\ds to ,jesus4 ,:y did !y n g8 ,does x co/ m to g to ! cl\ds ?an to ! ?ird heav58 ,i beg y\r =giv5ess1 b ,i pref] ! cl\ds ( ,ari/ophanes to ^? ( ,paul4 #ei4 ,%all ,i say ) ,luke t ,jesus w5t up to heav5 f ! little village ( ,be?any8 ,%all ,i /ate ) ,mat!w t x 0 f ,galilee1 :]e ! disciples saw him = ! la/ "t8 ,or %all ,i take ! ^w ( a le>n$ doctor :o says t ,jesus _h "o foot 9 ,be?any & ano!r 9 ,galilee8 ,! latt] op9ion seems to me ! m probable1 b ,i w await y\r decision4 #fj4 ,i %all !n be ask$ :e!r ,pet] 0 ev] at ,rome4 ,i %all reply1 ( c\rse1 t he 0 pope !re = tw5ty-five ye>s2 & ! *ief reason ,i %all give is t we h an epi/le f ! good man 7:o c\ld nei!r read nor write71 & t x is dat$ f ,babylon4 ,!re is no answ] to t argum5t1 b ,i %\ld l some?+ /rong]4 #fa4 ,please tell me :y ! 8,apo/les' ,cre$0 0 n writt5 until ! "t ( ,j]ome & ,ruf9us1 f\r hundr$ ye>s aft] ! apo/les4 ,tell me :y ! e>lie/ fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* nev] quote any b ! gospels :i* we call apocryphal4 ,is x n a cle> pro( t ! f\r canonical gospels _h n yet be5 writt58 #fb4 ,are y n sorry1 z ,i am1 t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians =g$ s mu* bad poetry1 & attribut$ x to ! ,sibyls8 ,& t !y =g$ lett]s ( ,paul & ,s5eca1 ( ,jesus1 ( ,m>y1 & ( ,pilate8 ,& t !y ?us set up _! sect on a hundr$ =g]ies :i* w\ld be puni%$ to-day by any c\rt 9 ! _w8 ,^! frauds are n[ recognis$ by all s*ol>s4 ,we are r$uc$ to call+ !m 8pi\s40 ,b is x n sad t y\r tru? %\ld be bas$ on lies8 #fc4 ,tell me :y1 s9ce ,jesus did n in/itute sev5 sacram5ts1 we h sev5 sacram5ts#ff2 :y1 :]eas ,jesus nev] said t he 0 ?reefold & _h two natures & two wills & "o p]son1 we make him ?reefold1 ) "o p]son & two natures2 & :y1 hav+ two wills1 he _h n ! w to in/ruct u 9 ! dogmas ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 #fd4 ,is ! pope infallible :5 he consorts ) 8 mi/ress1 & :5 he br+s to supp] a bottle ( poison$ w9e = ,c>d9al ,cornetto8#fg ,:5 two c\ncils ana!matise ea* o!r1 z has (t5 happ5$1 :i* ( !m is infallible8 #fe4 ,w\ld x n really be bett] to avoid ^! labyr9?s1 & simply prea* virtue8 ,:5 ,god comes to judge u1 ,i d\bt v mu* if he w ask u :e!r grace is v]satile or concomitant1 :e!r m>riage is ! visible sign ( an invisible ?+1 :e!r we believe t !re are t5 *oirs ( angels or n9e1 :e!r ! pope is above ! c\ncil or ! c\ncil above ! pope4 ,w x be a crime 9 8 eyes to h pray$ to him 9 ,spani% :5 "o does n "k ,lat98 ,%all we be visit$ ) 8 cruel wra? = hav+ eat5 a p5ny-wor? ( bad meat on a c]ta9 day8 ,& %all we be et]nally rew>d$ if1 l y1 my le>n$ ma/]s1 we ate a hundr$ pia/res' wor? ( turbot1 sole1 & /urgeon8 ,y d n believe x 9 ! dep? ( y\r he>ts2 y believe t ,god w judge y by y\r works1 n by ! op9ions ( ,?omas & ,bonav5ture4 ,%all ,i n r5d] a s]vice to m5 9 speak+ to !m only ( morality8 ,?is morality is s pure1 s holy1 s univ]sal1 s cle>1 s anci5t1 t x seems to come f ,god himself1 l ! light :i* we reg>d z ! fir/ ( 8 works4 ,has he n giv5 m5 self-love to secure _! pres]vation2 b5evol5ce1 b5efic5ce1 & virtue to control _! self-love2 ! natural ne$ to =m a society2 pleasure to enjoy1 pa9 to w>n u to enjoy 9 mod]ation1 passions to spur u to great de$s1 & wisdom to curb our passions8 ,w y all[ me to ann\nce ^! tru?s to ! noble p ( ,spa98 #ff4 ,if y bid me conceal ^! tru?s1 & /rictly enjo9 me to ann\nce ! miracles ( ,/4 ,james ( ,galicia1 or ( ,our ,lady ( ,ato*a1 or ( ,m>ia d',agr$a 7:o 9 h] ec/asies behav$ 9 a mo/ improp] mann]71 tell me :at ,i mu/ d ) ^? :o d>e to d\bt8 ,mu/ ,i1 = _! edification1 h ! ord9>y & extraord9>y "q put to !m8#fh ,i await ! hon\r ( y\r reply1 ,,dom9ico ,,zapata1 y v]dad]o1 y honrado1 y c>icativo4 ,zapata1 receiv+ no answ]1 took to prea*+ ,god 9 all simplicity4 ,he ann\nc$ to m5 ! common fa!r1 ! rew>d]1 puni%]1 & p>don]4 ,he extricat$ ! tru? f ! lies1 & sep>at$ religion f fanaticism2 he taught & practis$ virtue4 ,he 0 g5tle1 k9dly1 & mode/2 & he 0 burn$ at ,valladolid 9 ! ye> ( grace #afca4 ,pray ,god = ! s\l ( ,bro!r ,zapata4 ,,we ,,mu/ ,,take ,,sides2 ,,or1 ,,! ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,,introduction ,x is n a "q ( tak+ sides betwe5 ,russia & ,turkey2 = ^! ,/ates w1 soon] or lat]1 come to an und]/&+ )\t my int]v5tion4 ,x is n a "q ( decl>+ oneself 9 fav\r ( "o ,engli% faction & aga9/ ano!r2 = !y w soon h disappe>$1 to make room = o!rs4 ,i am n endeav\r+ to *oose betwe5 ,greek & ,arm5ian ,*ri/ians1 ,euty*ians & ,jacobites1 ,*ri/ians :o are call$ ,papi/s & ,lu!rans1 ,calv9i/s1 ,anglicans1 ! primitive folk call$ ,quak]s1 ,anabapti/s1 ,jans5i/s1 ,mol9i/s1 ,soc9ians1 ,pieti/s1 & s _m o!r 'i/s4 ,i wi% to live 9 peace ) all ^! g5tlem51 :5ev] ,i may meet !m1 & nev] dispute ) !m2 because !re is n a s+le "o ( !m :o1 :5 he has a cr[n to %>e ) me1 w n "k 8 bus9ess p]fectly1 or :o w\ld sp5d a s+le p5ny = ! salvation ( my s\l or 8 own4 ,i am n go+ to take sides betwe5 ! old & ! new ,fr5* ,p>liam5ts2 because 9 a few ye>s !re w be no "q ( ei!r ( !m4 ,nor betwe5 ! anci5ts & ! mod]ns2 because ! trial w\ld be endless4 ,nor betwe5 ! ,jans5i/s & ! ,mol9i/s2 because !y exi/ no long]1 &1 ?ank ,god1 five or six ?\s& volumes h become z useless z ! works ( ,/4 ,ephraim4 ,nor betwe5 ! p>tisans ( ! ,fr5* & ! ,italian op]a2 because x is a m]e matt] ( fancy4 ,! subject ,i h 9 m9d is b a trifle--namely1 ! "q :e!r !re is or is n a ,god2 & ,i am go+ to exam9e x 9 all s]i\sness & good fai?1 because x int]e/s me1 & y also4 ,i ,,( ,,! ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,ev]y?+ is 9 motion1 ev]y?+ acts & reacts1 9 nature4 ,our sun turns on its axis ) a rapidity t a/oni%es u2 o!r suns turn ) ! same spe$1 :ile c\ntless sw>ms ( planets revolve r\nd !m 9 _! orbits1 & ! blood circulates m ?an tw5ty times an h\r 9 ! l[lie/ ( our animals4 ,a /raw t is borne on ! w9d t5ds naturally t[>ds ! c5tre ( ! e>?1 j z ! e>? gravitates t[>ds ! sun1 & ! sun t[>ds ! e>?4 ,! sea owes to ! same laws its et]nal ebb & fl[4 ,9 virtue ( ! same laws ! vap\rs :i* =m our atmosph]e rise cont9ually f ! e>?1 & fall aga9 9 dew1 ra91 hail1 sn[1 & ?und]4 ,ev]y?+1 ev5 dea?1 is active4 ,corpses are decompos$1 trans=m$ into plants1 & n\ri% ! liv+1 :i* 9 _! turn are ! food ( o!rs4 ,:at is ! pr9ciple ( ?is univ]sal activity8 ,?is pr9ciple mu/ be unique4 ,! unv>y+ uni=mity ( ! laws :i* control ! m>* ( ! heav5ly bodies1 ! movem5ts ( our globe1 e species & g5us ( animal1 plant1 & m9]al1 indicates t !re is "o mov]4 ,if !re 7 two1 !y w\ld ei!r diff]1 or be oppos$ to ea* o!r1 or l ea* o!r4 ,if !y 7 diff]5t1 !re w\ld be no h>mony2 if oppos$1 ?+s w\ld de/roy ea* o!r2 if l1 x w\ld be z if !re 7 only "o--a tw(old employm5t4 ,i am enc\rag$ 9 ?is belief t !re c be b "o pr9ciple1 "o s+le mov]1 :5 ,i obs]ve ! con/ant & uni=m laws ( ! :ole ( nature4 ,! same gravitation rea*es e globe1 & causes !m to t5d t[>ds ea* o!r 9 direct proportion1 n to _! surfaces1 :i* might be ! effect ( an impell+ fluid1 b to _! masses4 ,! squ>e ( ! revolution ( e planet is z ! cube ( its di/ance f ! sun 7:i* proves1 "o may note1 :at ,plato _h someh[ div9$1 t ! _w is ! "w ( ! et]nal geometrician74 ,! rays ( light are reflect$ & refract$ f end to end ( ! univ]se4 ,all ! tru?s ( ma!matics mu/ be ! same on ! /> ,sirius z 9 our little home4 ,if ,i glance at ! animal _w1 ,i f9d t all quadrup$s1 & all w+less bip$s1 reproduce _! k9d by ! same process ( copulation1 & all ! females are vivip>\s4 ,all female birds lay eggs4 ,9 ea* species !re is ! same mann] ( reproduction & fe$+4 ,ea* species ( plants has ! same basic qualities4 ,assur$ly ! oak & ! nut h come to no agreem5t to be born & to gr[ 9 ! same way1 any m ?an ,m>s & ,saturn h come to an und]/&+ to obs]ve ! same laws4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 a s+le1 univ]sal1 & p[]ful intellig5ce1 act+ always by inv>iable laws4 ,no "o d\bts t an armill>y sph]e1 l&scapes1 draw+s ( animals1 or models 9 col\r$ wax1 are ! "w ( clev] arti/s4 ,is x possible = ! copyi/s to be intellig5t & ! orig9als n8 ,?is seems to me ! /ronge/ demon/ration2 ,i d n see h[ x c be assail$4 ,,ii ,,( ,,! ,,necess>y ,,& ,,et]nal ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,?is s+le mov] is v p[]ful1 s9ce x directs s va/ & complex a ma*9e4 ,x is v intellig5t1 s9ce ! smalle/ spr+ ( ?is ma*9e _c be equall$ by u1 :o are intellig5t be+s4 ,x is a necess>y be+1 s9ce )\t x ! ma*9e w\ld n exi/4 ,x is et]nal1 = x _c be produc$ f no?+1 :i*1 be+ no?+1 c produce no?+2 giv5 ! exi/5ce ( some?+1 x is demon/rat$ t some?+ has exi/$ = all et]nity4 ,?is sublime tru? has become trivial4 ,s great has be5 ! advance ( ! human m9d 9 our "t1 9 spite ( ! ef=ts to brutalise u :i* ! ma/]s ( ignorance h made = s _m c5turies4 ,,iii ,,:at ,,is ,,?is ,,pr9ciple8 ,i _c prove syn!tically ! exi/5ce ( ! pr9ciple ( action1 ! prime mov]1 ! ,supreme ,be+1 z ,dr4 ,cl>ke does4 ,if ?is me?od 7 9 ! p[] ( man1 ,cl>ke 01 p]haps1 wor?y to employ x2 b analysis seems to me m suitable = our poor ideas4 ,x is only by asc5d+ ! /ream ( et]nity t ,i c attempt to rea* its s\rce4 ,hav+ !re=e recognis$ f movem5t t !re is a mov]2 hav+ prov$ f action t !re is a pr9ciple ( action2 ,i seek ! nature ( ?is univ]sal pr9ciple4 ,& ! fir/ ?+ ,i p]ceive1 ) secret di/ress b entire resignation1 is t1 be+ an imp]ceptible "p ( ! great :ole2 be+1 z ,plato says 9 ! ,timu1 a po9t betwe5 two et]nities2 x w be impossible = me to und]/& ?is great :ole1 :i* hems me 9 on e side1 & its ma/]4 ,yet ,i am a little reassur$ on see+ t ,i am able to measure ! di/ance ( ! />s1 & to recognise ! c\rse & ! laws :i* keep !m 9 _! orbits4 ,i say to myself3 ,p]haps1 if ,i use my reason 9 good fai?1 ,i may succe$ 9 discov]+ "s ray ( probability to light5 me 9 ! d>k night ( nature4 ,& if ?is fa9t dawn :i* ,i seek does n come to me1 ,i %all be consol$ to ?9k t my ignorance is inv9cible2 t k :i* is =bidd5 me is assur$ly useless to me2 & t ! great ,be+ w n puni% me = hav+ s\ght a k ( him & fail$ to obta9 x4 ,,iv ,,:]e ,,is ,,! ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciple8 ,,is ,,x ,,inf9ite8 ,i d n see ! fir/ motive & intellig5t pr9ciple ( ! animal call$ man1 :5 he demon/rates a geometrical proposition or lifts a burd54 ,yet ,i feel irresi/ibly t !re is "o 9 him1 h[ev] subord9ate4 ,i _c discov] :e!r ?is fir/ pr9ciple is 9 8 he>t1 or 9 8 head1 or 9 8 blood1 or 9 8 :ole body4 ,9 ! same way ,i h detect$ a fir/ pr9ciple 9 nature1 & h se5 t x mu/ necess>ily be et]nal4 ,b :]e is x8 ,if x animates all exi/5ce1 x is 9 all exi/5ce3 t seems to be beyond d\bt4 ,x is 9 all t exi/s1 j z movem5t is 9 ! :ole body ( an animal1 if "o may use s poor a comp>ison4 ,b :ile x is 9 :at exi/s1 c x be 9 :at does n exi/8 ,is ! univ]se inf9ite8 ,i am told t x is2 b :o w prove x8 ,i reg>d x z et]nal1 because x _c h be5 made f no?+2 because ! great pr9ciple1 8no?+ comes f no?+10 is z true z t two & two make f\r2 because1 z we saw else:]e1 x is an absurd contradiction to say t ! active be+ has sp5t an et]nity )\t act+1 ! =mative be+ has be5 et]nal )\t =m+ any?+1 & ! necess>y be+ has be51 dur+ an et]nity1 a useless be+4 ,b ,i see no reason :y ?is necess>y be+ %\ld be inf9ite4 ,its nature seems to me to be :]ev] !re is exi/5ce2 b :y1 & h[1 an inf9ite exi/5ce8 ,newton has demon/rat$ ! void1 :i* _h until 8 "t be5 a matt] ( conjecture4 ,if !re is a void 9 nature1 !re may be a void outside nature4 ,:at ne$ is !re t be+s %\ld ext5d to inf9ity8 ,:at w\ld an inf9ite ext5sion be8 ,nor c we h inf9ity 9 numb]4 ,!re is no numb] & no ext5sion to :i* ,i _c add4 ,x seems to me t 9 ?is matt] ! conclusion ( ,cudwor? is pref]able to t ( ,cl>ke4 ,god is pres5t ev]y:]e1 says ,cl>ke4 ,yes1 d\btless2 b ev]y:]e :]e !re is some?+1 n :]e !re is n4 ,to be pres5t 9 no?+ seems to me a contradiction 9 t]ms1 an absurdity4 ,i am compell$ to admit et]nity1 b ,i am n compell$ to admit an actual inf9ity4 ,9 f9e1 :at does x matt] to me :e!r space is a reality or m]ely an idea 9 my m9d8 ,:at does x matt] :e!r or no ! necess>y1 intellig5t1 p[]ful1 et]nal be+1 ! =m] ( all be+1 is 9 ?is imag9>y space8 ,am ,i less 8 "w8 ,am ,i less dep5d5t on him8 ,is he ! less my ma/]8 ,i see ?is ma/] ( ! _w ) ! eyes ( my m9d1 b ,i see him n beyond ! _w4 ,x is /ill disput$ :e!r or no inf9ite space is a reality4 ,i w n base my judgm5t on s equivocal a po9t1 a qu>rel wor?y ( ! s*ola/ics4 ,i w n set up ! ?rone ( ,god 9 imag9>y spaces4 ,if x is all[able to comp>e once m ! little ?+s :i* seem l>ge to u to :at is great 9 reality1 let u imag9e a g5tleman ( ,madrid try+ to p]suade a ,ca/ilian neighb\r t ! k+ ( ,spa9 is ma/] ( ! sea to ! nor? ( ,cali=nia1 & t :oev] d\bts x is guilty ( high treason4 ,! ,ca/ilian replies3 ,i d n ev5 "k :e!r !re is a sea beyond ,cali=nia4 ,x matt]s little to me :e!r !re is or n1 provid$ t ,i h ! means ( subsi/5ce 9 ,madrid4 ,i d n ne$ ?is sea to be discov]$ to make me fai?ful to ! k+ my ma/] on ! banks ( ! ,manzan>es4 ,:e!r or no !re are vessels beyond ,hudson ,bay1 he has none ! less p[] to comm& me "h2 ,i feel my dep5d5ce on him 9 ,madrid1 because ,i "k t he is ma/] ( ,madrid4 ,9 ! same way1 our dep5d5ce on ! great be+ is n due to ! fact t he is pres5t outside ! _w1 b to ! fact t he is pres5t 9 ! _w4 ,i d b ask p>don ( ! ma/] ( nature = comp>+ him to a frail human be+ 9 ord] to make my mean+ cle>]4 ,v ,,t ,,all ,,! ,,works ,,( ,,! ,,et]nal ,,be+ ,,are ,,et]nal ,! pr9ciple ( nature be+ necess>y & et]nal1 & its v ess5ce be+ to act1 x mu/ h be5 always active4 ,if x _h n be5 an ev]-active ,god1 x w\ld h be5 an et]nally indol5t ,god1 ! ,god ( ,epicurus1 ! ,god :o is good = no?+4 ,?is tru? seems to me to be fully demon/rat$4 ,h5ce ! _w1 8 "w1 :atev] =m x assume1 is1 l him1 et]nal2 j z ! light is z old z ! sun1 movem5t z old z matt]1 & food z old z ! animals2 o!rwise ! sun1 matt]1 & ! animals w\ld be1 n m]ely useless1 b self-contradictory ?+s1 *imras4 ,:at1 inde$1 c\ld be m contradictory ?an an ess5tially active be+ t has be5 inactive dur+ an et]nity2 a =mative be+ t has fa%ion$ no?+1 or m]ely =m$ a few globes "s ye>s ago1 )\t !re be+ ! lea/ app>5t reason = mak+ !m at "o "t r ?an ano!r8 ,! intellig5t pr9ciple c d no?+ )\t reason2 no?+ c exi/ )\t an antec$5t & necess>y reason4 ,?is antec$5t & necess>y reason has exi/$ et]nally2 !re=e ! univ]se is et]nal4 ,we speak "h a /rictly philosophical language2 x is n our "p ev5 to glance at ^? :o use ! language ( revelation4 ,,vi ,,t ,,! ,,et]nal ,,be+1 ,,& ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciple1 ,,has ,,arrang$ ,,all ,,?+s ,,volunt>ily ,x is cle> t ?is supreme1 necess>y1 active intellig5ce is possess$ ( w1 & has arrang$ all ?+s because x#fi will$ !m4 ,h[ c "o act1 & fa%ion all ?+s1 )\t will+ to fa%ion !m8 ,t w\ld be ! action ( a m]e ma*9e1 & ?is ma*9e w\ld presuppose ano!r fir/ pr9ciple1 ano!r mov]4 ,we %\ld always h to end 9 a fir/ intellig5t be+ ( "s k9d or o!r4 ,we wi%1 we act1 we make ma*9es1 :5 we w2 h5ce ! great v p[]ful ,demi\rgos has done all ?+s because he will$4 ,sp9oza himself recognises 9 nature an intellig5t1 necess>y p[]4 ,b an intellig5ce )\t w w\ld be an absurdity1 s9ce su* an intellig5ce w\ld be useless2 x w\ld d no?+1 because x w\ld n w to d any?+4 ,h5ce ! great necess>y be+ has will$ ev]y?+ t x has done4 ,i said above t x has done all ?+s necess>ily because1 if its works 7 n necess>y1 !y w\ld be useless4 ,b does ?is necessity deprive x ( w8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,i necess>ily w to be happy1 b ,i w x none ! less on t acc\nt2 on ! contr>y1 ,i w x all ! m /rongly because ,i w x irresi/ibly4 ,does ?is necessity deprive x ( lib]ty8 ,n at all4 ,lib]ty c only be ! p[] to act4 ,s9ce ! supreme be+ is v p[]ful1 x is ! free/ ( be+s4 ,we ?us recognise t ! great artisan ( ?+s is necess>y1 et]nal1 intellig5t1 p[]ful1 possess$ ( w1 & free4 ,,vii ,,t ,,all ,,be+s1 ,,)\t ,,exception1 ,,are ,,subject ,,to ,,et]nal ,,laws ,:at are ! effects ( ?is et]nal p[] t dwells ess5tially 9 nature8 ,i see only two classes ( !m1 ! ins5sitive & ! s5sitive4 ,! e>?1 ! seas1 ! planets1 ! suns1 seem admirable b lifeless ?+s1 devoid ( s5sibility4 ,a snail t wills1 has "s degree ( p]ception1 & makes love1 seems1 to t ext5t1 to h an advantage great] ?an all ! glory ( ! suns t illum9e space4 ,b all ^! be+s are alike subject to et]nal & unv>y+ laws4 ,nei!r ! sun1 nor ! snail1 nor ! oy/]1 nor ! dog1 nor ! ape1 nor man1 has giv5 himself any "o ( ! ?+s :i* he has2 x is evid5t t !y h receiv$ ev]y?+4 ,man & ! dog are born1 unwitt+ly1 ( a "m :o has br\ght !m into ! _w 9 spite ( h]self4 ,bo? ( !m suck ! "m's brea/ )\t kn[+ :at !y d1 & !y d ?is 9 virtue ( a v delicate & complex me*anism1 ! nature ( :i* is kn[n to few m54 ,bo? ( !m h1 aft] a "t1 ideas1 memory1 & w2 ! dog mu* e>li] ?an ! man4 ,if ! animals 7 m]e ma*9es1 x w\ld be ano!r argum5t = ! position ( ^? :o believe t man also is a m]e ma*9e2 b !re are n[ none :o d n admit t ! animals h ideas1 memory1 & a measure ( intellig5ce1 & t !y improve _! k2 t a hunt+-dog le>ns its "w1 an old fox is m a/ute ?an a "y "o1 & s on4 ,:5ce h !y ^! faculties1 if n f ! primordial et]nal cause1 ! pr9ciple ( action1 ! great be+ t animates ! :ole ( nature8 ,man obta9s ! faculties ( ! animals mu* lat] ?an !y1 b 9 a high] degree2 c he obta9 !m f any o!r s\rce8 ,he has no?+ b :at ! great be+ has giv5 him4 ,x w\ld be a /range contradiction1 a s+ul> absurdity1 if all ! />s & elem5ts1 ! animals & plants1 obey$1 unceas+ly & irresi/ibly1 ! laws ( ! great be+1 & man alone 7 indep5d5t ( !m4 ,,viii ,,t ,,man ,,is ,,ess5tially ,,subject ,,9 ,,ev]y?+ ,,to ,,! ,,et]nal ,,laws ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciple ,let u reg>d1 ) ! eyes ( reason1 ?is animal man :i* ! great be+ has produc$4 ,:at is 8 fir/ s5sation8 ,a s5sation ( pa92 !n ! pleasure ( fe$+4 ,t is ! :ole ( our life3 pa9 & pleasure4 ,:5ce h we ^! two spr+s :i* keep u 9 action until our la/ mom5t1 if n f ?is fir/ pr9ciple ( action1 ?is ,demi\rgos8 ,assur$ly we d n give pa9 to ourselves2 & h[ c\ld we be ! cause ( our few pleasures8 ,we h said else:]e t x is impossible = u to inv5t a new k9d ( pleasure--t is to say1 a new s5se4 ,let u n[ say t x is equally impossible = u to inv5t a new k9d ( pa94 ,! mo/ execrable ( tyrants _c d x4 ,! ,jews1 ^: tortures h be5 describ$ by ! ,b5$ict9e monk ,calmet 9 8 diction>y1 c\ld only cut1 te>1 mutilate1 draw1 burn1 /rangle1 & cru%2 all torm5ts may ?us be summ>is$4 ,we c !re=e d no?+ ( ourselves1 ei!r = good or evil2 we are b ! bl9d in/rum5ts ( nature4 ,b ,i wi% to ?9k & ,i ?9k1 mo/ m5 w recklessly ass]t4 ,let u consid] x4 ,:at 0 our fir/ idea aft] ! feel+ ( pa98 ,! idea ( ! brea/ t we suck$2 !n ! face ( ! nurse2 !n a few o!r objects & ne$s made _! fa9t impressions4 ,w\ld any "o up to ?is po9t v5ture to say t he 0 m ?an a s5ti5t automaton1 a wret*$ ab&on$ animal de/itute ( k or p[]1 an outca/ ( nature8 ,w he v5ture to say t 9 ?is condition he is a ?9k+ be+1 ! au?or ( 8 own ideas1 ! possessor ( a s\l8 ,:at is ! son ( a k+ :5 he leaves ! womb8 ,he w\ld excite ! disgu/ ( 8 fa!r1 if he 7 n 8 fa!r4 ,a fl[] ( ! field t "o treads und]foot is an inf9itely sup]ior ?+4 ,,ix ,,( ,,! ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,,9 ,,s5ti5t ,,be+s ,!re comes at l5g? a "t :5 a great] or small] numb] ( p]ceptions1 receiv$ 9 our me*anism1 seem to pres5t !mselves to our w4 ,we ?9k t we are =m+ ideas4 ,x is z if1 :5 we turn ! tap ( a f\nta91 we 7 to ?9k t we cause ! wat] :i* /reams out4 ,we create ideas1 poor creatures t we are6 ,x is evid5t t we _h no %>e 9 ! =m]1 yet we w\ld reg>d ourselves z ! au?ors ( ! latt]4 ,if we reflect well on ?is va9 boa/ ( =m+ ideas1 we %all see t x is insol5t & absurd4 ,let u rememb] t !re is no?+ 9 ext]nal objects ) ! lea/ analogy1 ! lea/ relation1 to a feel+1 an idea1 a ?\ght4 ,let an eye or an e> be made by ! be/ artisan 9 ! _w2 ! eye w see no?+1 ! e> w he> no?+4 ,x is ! same ) our liv+ body4 ,! univ]sal pr9ciple ( action does ev]y?+ 9 u4 ,he has n made u an exception to ! re/ ( nature4 ,two exp]i5ces :i* are con/antly repeat$ dur+ ! c\rse ( our life1 & ( :i* ,i h spok5 else:]e1 w conv9ce e ?\ghtful man t our ideas1 our wills1 & our actions d n belong to u4 ,! fir/ is t no "o kn[s1 or c "k1 :at idea he w h at any m9ute1 :at desire he w h1 :at ^w he w speak1 :at movem5t 8 body w p]=m4 ,! second is t dur+ sleep x is cle> t we h n ! lea/ %>e 9 :at takes place 9 our dreams4 ,we grant t we are !n m]e automata1 on :i* an invisible p[] acts ) a =ce t is z real & p[]ful z x is incompreh5sible4 ,?is p[] fills ! m9d ) ideas1 inspires desires1 passions1 reflections4 ,x sets 9 motion all ! organs ( ! body4 ,x has happ5$ at times t a "m has smo!r$1 9 a re/less dream1 ! new-born *ild t lay by h] side2 t a man has kill$ 8 fri5d4 ,h[ _m musicians h compos$ music dur+ sleep8 ,h[ _m "y prea*]s h compos$ s]mons dur+ _! sleep8 ,if our life 7 equally divid$ betwe5 wak+ & sleep+1 in/ead ( our usually sp5d+ a ?ird ( our %ort c>e] 9 sleep1 & if we always dream$ dur+ sleep1 x w\ld !n be evid5t t half ( our life did n dep5d on u4 ,9 any case1 assum+ t we sp5d eight out ( ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 sleep1 x is pla9 t a ?ird ( our exi/5ce is beyond our control4 ,add to ?is infancy1 add all ! "t t is occupi$ 9 purely animal functions1 & see h[ mu* is left4 ,y w admit ) surprise t at lea/ half our life does n belong to u at all4 ,!n reflect h[ inconsi/5t x w\ld be if "o half dep5d$ on u & ! o!r half did n4 ,conclude1 !re=e1 t ! univ]sal pr9ciple ( action does ev]y?+ 9 u4 ,"h ! ,jans5i/ int]rupts me & says3 8,y are a plagi>i/2 y h tak5 y\r doctr9e f ! fam\s book1 ,! ,action ( ,god on ,creat$ ,?+s1 or ,physical ,premotion1 by our great patri>* ,b\rsi]40 ,i h said some:]e ( ,b\rsi] t he _h dipp$ 8 p5 9 ! inkpot ( ! ,deity4 ,no1 my fri5d2 ,i h nev] receiv$ any?+ f ! ,jans5i/s or ! ,mol9i/s except a /rong av]sion = sects1 & "s indiff]5ce to _! op9ions4 ,b\rsi]1 tak+ ,god z 8 model1 kn[s precisely :at 0 ! nature ( ,adam's dream :5 ,god took a rib f 8 side :]e) to make woman2 he kn[s ! nature ( 8 concupisc5ce1 habitual grace1 & actual grace4 ,he kn[s1 ) ,/4 ,augu/9e1 t m5 & wom5 w\ld h eng5d]$ *ildr5 dispassionately 9 ! e>?ly p>adise1 j z "o s[s a field1 )\t any feel+ ( c>nal pleasure4 ,he is conv9c$ t ,adam s9n$ only by di/raction 9 ! e>?ly p>adise4 ,i "k no?+ ab\t ^! ?+s1 & am cont5t to admire ^? :o h s spl5did & pr(\nd a k4 ,x ,,( ,,! ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,,call$ ,,! ,,s\l ,b1 "s c5turies lat] 9 ! hi/ory ( man1 x came to be imag9$ t we h a s\l :i* acts ( itself2 & ! idea has become s famili> t we take x = a reality4 ,we talk incessantly ( 8! s\l10 ?\gh we h n ! lea/ idea ( ! mean+ ( x4 ,to "s ! s\l means ! life2 to o!rs x is a small1 frail image ( ourselves1 :i* goes1 :5 we die1 to dr9k ! wat]s ( ,a*]on2 to o!rs x is a h>mony1 a memory1 an entele*y4 ,9 ! end x has be5 conv]t$ into a little be+ t is n body1 a brea? t is n air2 & ( ?is ^w 8brea?10 :i* corresponds to 8_s0 9 _m tongues1 a k9d ( ?+ has be5 made :i* is no?+ at all4 ,:o c fail to see t m5 utt]$1 & /ill utt]1 ! ^w 8s\l0 vaguely & )\t und]/&+1 z we utt] ! words 8movem5t10 8und]/&+10 8imag9ation10 8memory10 8desire10 & 8w08 ,!re is no real be+ :i* we call w1 desire1 memory1 imag9ation1 und]/&+1 or movem5t2 b ! real be+ call$ man und]/&s1 imag9es1 rememb]s1 desires1 wills1 & moves4 ,!y are ab/ract t]ms1 inv5t$ = conv5i5ce ( spee*4 ,i run1 ,i sleep1 ,i awake2 b !re is no su* physical reality z runn+1 sleep1 or awak5+4 ,nei!r sight1 nor he>+1 nor t\*1 nor smell1 nor ta/e1 is a real be+2 ,i he>1 ,i see1 ,i smell1 ,i ta/e1 ,i t\*4 ,& h[ c\ld ,i d ?is if ! great be+ _h n s dispos$ all ?+s2 if ! pr9ciple ( action1 ! univ]sal cause--9 "o ^w1 ,god--_h n giv5 u ^! faculties8 ,we may be q sure t !re w\ld be j z mu* reason to grant ! snail a hidd5 be+ call$ a 8free s\l0 z to grant x to man4 ,! snail has a w1 desires1 ta/es1 s5sations1 ideas1 & memory4 ,x wi%es to move t[>ds ! mat]ial ( its food or ! object ( its love4 ,x rememb]s x1 has an idea ( x1 advances t[>ds x z quickly z x c2 x kn[s pleasure & pa94 ,yet y are n t]rifi$ :5 y are told t ! animal has n a spiritual s\l2 t ,god has be/[$ on x ^! gifts = a little "t2 t he :o moves ! />s moves also ! insect4 ,b :5 x comes to man y *ange y\r m9d4 ,?is poor animal seems to y s wor?y ( y\r respect--t is to say1 y are s pr\d--t y v5ture to place 9 its frail body some?+ t seems to %>e ! nature ( ,god himself1 yet some?+ t seems to y at times diabolical 9 ! p]v]sity ( its ?\ghts2 some?+ wise & fooli%1 good & execrable1 heav5ly & inf]nal1 invisible1 immortal1 incompreh5sible4 ,& y h famili>is$ y\rself ) ?is idea1 z y h gr[n accu/om$ to speak ( movem5t1 ?\gh !re is no su* be+ z movem5t2 z y use ab/ract words1 ?\gh !re are no ab/ract be+s4 ,,xi ,,exam9ation ,,( ,,! ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,,call$ ,,! ,,s\l ,!re is1 nev]!less1 a pr9ciple ( action 9 man4 ,yes1 !re is "o ev]y:]e4 ,b c ?is pr9ciple be any?+ else ?an a spr+1 a secret fir/ mov] :i* is develop$ by ! ev]-active fir/ pr9ciple--a pr9ciple t is z p[]ful z x is secret1 z demon/rable z x is invisible1 :i* we h recognis$ z ! ess5tial cause 9 ! :ole ( nature8 ,if y create movem5t or ideas because y w x1 y are ,god = ! "t be+2 = y h all ! attributes ( ,god--w1 p[]1 & creation4 ,consid] ! absurdity into :i* y fall 9 mak+ y\rself ,god4 ,y h to *oose betwe5 ^! two alt]natives3 ei!r to be ,god :5ev] y w1 or to dep5d cont9ually on ,god4 ,! fir/ is extravagant2 ! second alone is reasonable4 ,if !re 7 9 our body a little god call$ 8! free s\l10 :i* becomes s frequ5tly a little devil1 ?is little god w\ld h to be reg>d$ ei!r z hav+ be5 creat$ f all et]nity1 or z creat$ at ! mom5t ( y\r conception1 or dur+ y\r embryonic life1 or at bir?1 or :5 y beg9 to feel4 ,all ^! positions are equally ridicul\s4 ,a little subord9ate god1 exi/+ uselessly dur+ a pa/ et]nity & desc5d+ into a body t (t5 dies at bir?1 is ! height ( absurdity4 ,if ?is little god-s\l is suppos$ to be creat$ at ! mom5t ( conception1 we mu/ consid] ! ma/] ( nature1 ! be+ ( be+s1 cont9ually occupi$ 9 wat*+ assignations1 att5tive to e int]c\rse ( man & woman1 ev] ready to despat* a s5ti5t & ?9k+ s\l into a recess betwe5 ! entrails4 ,a f9e lodg+ = a little god6 ,:5 ! "m br+s =? a /ill-born *ild1 :at becomes ( ! god-s\l t _h be5 lodg$ 9 ! abdom58 ,:i!r has x return$8 ,! same difficulties & absurdities1 equally ridicul\s & revolt+1 & f\nd 9 connection ) ea* ( ! o!r suppositions4 ,! idea ( a s\l1 z x is usually & ?\ghtlessly conceiv$ by p1 is "o ( ! mo/ fooli% ?+s t has ev] be5 devis$4 ,h[ mu* m reasonable1 m dec5t1 m respectful to ! supreme be+1 m 9 h>mony ) our nature1 & !re=e tru]1 is x n to say3 8,we are ma*9es made successively by ! et]nal geometrician2 ma*9es made l all ! o!r animals1 hav+ ! same organs1 ! same ne$s1 ! same pleasures1 ! same pa9s2 f> sup]ior to all ( !m 9 _m ?+s1 inf]ior to !m 9 o!rs2 hav+ receiv$ f ! great be+ a pr9ciple ( action :i* we _c p5etrate2 receiv+ ev]y?+1 giv+ ourselves no?+2 & a million times m subject to him ?an ! clay is to ! pott] :o m\lds x08 ,once m1 ei!r man is a god or he is precisely z ,i h describ$ him4 ,,xii ,,:e!r ,,! ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,action ,,9 ,,animals ,,is ,,free ,!re is a pr9ciple ( action 9 man & 9 e animal1 j z !re is 9 e ma*9e2 & ?is fir/ mov]1 ?is ultimate spr+1 is necess>ily et]nally arrang$ by ! ma/]1 o!rwise all w\ld be *aos1 & !re w\ld be no _w4 ,e animal1 l e ma*9e1 necess>ily & irresi/ibly obeys ! p[] t directs x4 ,t is evid5t1 & suffici5tly famili>4 ,e animal is possess$ ( w1 & "o mu/ be a fool to ?9k t a dog foll[+ its ma/] has n ! w to foll[ him4 ,no d\bt1 x foll[s him irresi/ibly2 b x foll[s volunt>ily4 ,does x foll[ freely8 ,yes1 if no?+ prev5ts x2 t is to say1 x c foll[1 x wills to foll[1 & x foll[s4 ,! fre$om to foll[ is n 9 its w1 b 9 ! p[] to walk t is giv5 to x4 ,a night+ale wills to make its ne/1 & makes x :5 x has f\nd "s moss4 ,x _h ! fre$om to con/ruct ?is cradle1 j z x _h fre$om to s+ :5 x desires1 & has n a *ill4 ,b 0 x free to h ! desire8 ,did x w to w to make its ne/8 ,_h x t absurd 8lib]ty ( indiff]5ce0 :i* !ologians w\ld describe z foll[s3 8,i nei!r w to make my ne/ nor ! contr>y2 x is a matt] ( complete indiff]5ce to me2 b ,i am go+ to w to make my ne/ solely = ! sake ( will+1 & )\t be+ det]m9$ to d x 9 any way1 m]ely to prove t ,i am free08 ,su* is ! absurdity we f9d taught 9 ! s*ools4 ,if ! night+ale c\ld speak1 x w\ld say to ^! doctors3 8,i am irresi/ibly det]m9$ to ne/1 ,i w to ne/1 & ,i ne/2 y are irresi/ibly det]m9$ to reason badly1 & y fulfil y\r de/9y z ,i d m9e40 ,we w n[ see if man is free 9 any o!r s5se4 ,,xiii ,,( ,,! ,,lib]ty ,,( ,,man1 ,,& ,,( ,,de/9y ,a ball t drives ano!r1 a hunt+-dog t necess>ily & volunt>ily foll[s a /ag1 a /ag t leaps a great dit* n less necess>ily & volunt>ily1 a roe t gives bir? to ano!r roe1 :i* w br+ a ?ird into ! _w--^! ?+s are n m irresi/ibly det]m9$ ?an we are to d all t we d4 ,let u rememb] always h[ inconsi/5t & absurd x w\ld be = "o set ( ?+s to be arrang$ & ! o!r n4 ,e pres5t ev5t is born ( ! pa/1 & is fa!r ( ! future2 o!rwise ! univ]se w\ld be q o!r ?an x is1 z ,leibnitz has well said1 m correct 9 ?is ?an 9 8 pre-e/abli%$ h>mony4#gj ,! et]nal *a9 c be nei!r brok5 nor entangl$4 ,! great be+ :o necess>ily su/a9s x _c let x hang unc]ta9ly1 nor *ange x2 = he w\ld !n no long] be ! necess>y & immutable be+1 ! be+ ( be+s2 he w\ld be frail1 incon/ant1 caprici\s2 he w\ld belie 8 nature1 & exi/ no long]4 ,h5ce1 an inevitable de/9y is ! law ( nature1 z ! :ole ( antiquity felt4 ,! dread ( depriv+ man ( "s false lib]ty1 robb+ virtue ( its m]it1 & reliev+ crime ( its horror1 has at times al>m$ t5d] s\ls2 b z soon z !y 7 enlight5$ !y return$ to ?is great tru?1 t all ?+s are en*a9$ & necess>y4 ,man is free1 we repeat1 :5 he c d :at he wills to d2 b he is n free to w2 x is impossible t he %\ld w )\t cause4 ,if ?is cause is n infallibly foll[$ by its effect1 x is no cause4 ,x w\ld n be m absurd = a cl\d to say to ! w9d3 8,i d n wi% to be driv5 by y40 ,?is tru? c nev] injure morality4 ,vice is always vice1 z disease is always disease4 ,x w always be necess>y to repress ! wick$2 if !y are det]m9$ to evil1 we mu/ reply t !y are equally pr$e/9$ to *a/isem5t4 ,let u make ^! tru?s cle>]4 ,,xiv ,,absurdity ,,( ,,:at ,,is ,,call$ ,,lib]ty ,,( ,,indiff]5ce ,:at an admirable spectacle is t ( ! et]nal de/9ies ( all be+s *a9$ to ! ?rone ( ! mak] ( all worlds6 ,i imag9e a "t :5 x is n s1 b a *im]ical lib]ty makes e ev5t unc]ta94 ,i imag9e t "o ( ! sub/ances int]m$iate betwe5 u & ! great be+ 7!re may be millions ( su* be+s7 comes to consult ! et]nal be+ on ! de/9y ( "s ( ! enorm\s globes t /& at su* va/ di/ances f u4 ,! sov]eign ( nature w\ld be =c$ to reply3 8,i am n sov]eign1 ,i am n ! great necess>y be+2 e little embryo is a ma/] ( de/9y4 ,! :ole _w is free to w )\t any o!r cause ?an ! w4 ,! future is unc]ta92 ev]y?+ dep5ds on caprice4 ,i c =esee no?+4 ,?is great :ole1 :i* y reg>d$ z s regul>1 is b a va/ an>*y 9 :i* all is done )\t cause or reason4 ,i %all be v c>eful n to say to y t su* & su* a ?+ w happ52 = !n ! wick$ folk :o p ! globes w\ld d ! contr>y to :at ,i _h =etold1 if x 7 only f malice4 ,m5 always d>e to be jeal\s ( _! ma/]1 :5 he has n a p[] s absolute z to take away ! v faculty ( jeal\sy2 !y are pleas$ to see him fall into a trap4 ,i am b weak & ignorant4 ,appeal to "o m p[]ful & m gift$ ?an ,i40 ,possibly ?is allegory w avail m ?an any o!r argum5t to arre/ ! p>tisans ( ?is empty lib]ty ( indiff]5ce1 if !re /ill be any1 & ^? :o lab\r to reconcile =ekn[l$ge ) ?is lib]ty1 & ^? :o1 9 ! univ]sity ( ,salamanca or 9 ,b$lam1 /ill speak ( m$ic9al & concomitant grace4 ,,xv ,,( ,,evil ,,&1 ,,9 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,place1 ,,! ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,bea/s ,we h nev] _h any idea ( good & evil1 save 9 relation to ourselves4 ,! suff]+s ( an animal seem to u evils1 because1 be+ animals ourselves1 we feel t we %\ld excite compassion if ! same 7 done to u4 ,we %\ld h ! same feel+ = a tree if we 7 told t x suff]$ torm5t :5 x 0 cut2 & = a /one if we le>n$ t x suff]s :5 x is dress$4 ,b we %\ld pity ! tree & ! /one mu* less ?an ! animal1 because !y are less l u4 ,inde$1 we soon cease to be t\*$ by ! awful de/9y ( ! bea/s t are int5d$ = our table4 ,*ildr5 :o weep at ! dea? ( ! fir/ *ick5 !y see kill$ laugh at ! dea? ( ! second4 ,x is only too sure t ! disgu/+ c>nage ( our but*]ies & kit*5s does n seem to u an evil4 ,on ! contr>y1 we reg>d ?is horror1 pe/il5tial z x (t5 is1 z a bless+ ( ! ,"l2 & we /ill h pray]s 9 :i* we ?ank him = ^! murd]s4 ,yet :at c be m abom9able ?an to fe$ con/antly on corpses8 ,n only d we sp5d our lives 9 kill+1 & dev\r+ :at we h kill$1 b all ! animals slaught] ea* o!r2 !y are impell$ to d s by an inv9cible in/9ct4 ,f ! smalle/ insects to ! rh9oc]os & ! elephant1 ! e>? is b a va/ battle-field1 a _w ( c>nage & de/ruction4 ,!re is no animal t has n its prey1 & t1 to capture x1 does n employ "s means equival5t to ! ruse & rage ) :i* ! dete/able spid] entraps & dev\rs ! innoc5t fly4 ,a flock ( %eep dev\rs 9 an h\r1 z x crops ! grass1 m insects ?an !re are m5 on ! e>?4 ,:at is /ill m cruel is t 9 ?is horrible sc5e ( reit]at$ murd] we p]ceive an evid5t design to p]petuate all species by means ( ! bloody corpses ( _! mutual enemies4 ,! victims d n expire until nature has c>efully provid$ = new repres5tatives ( ! species4 ,ev]y?+ is born aga9 to be murd]$4 ,yet ,i obs]ve no morali/ among u1 nor any ( our flu5t prea*]s or boa/]s1 :o has ev] reflect$ 9 ! lea/ on ?is frightful habit1 :i* has become "p ( our nature4 ,we h to g back to ! pi\s ,porphyry & ! sympa!tic ,py?agoreans to f9d ^? :o w\ld %ame u = our bloody gluttony2 or we mu/ travel to ! l& ( ! ,brahmans4 ,our monks1 ! caprice ( ^: f\nd]s has bade !m r5\nce ! fle%1 are murd]]s ( soles & turbots1 if n ( p>tridges & quails4 ,nei!r among ! monks1 nor 9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 nor 9 ! assemblies ( ! cl]gy1 nor 9 our academies1 has ?is univ]sal but*]y ev] be5 pron\nc$ an evil4 ,!re has be5 no m ?\ght giv5 to x 9 ! c\ncils ( ! cl]gy ?an 9 our public-h\ses4 ,h5ce ! great be+ is ju/ifi$ ( ^! but*]ies 9 our eyes2 or1 inde$1 we are 8 accomplices4 ,,xvi ,,( ,,evil ,,9 ,,! ,,animal ,,call$ ,,man ,s mu* = ! bea/s2 let u come to man4 ,if x be n an evil t ! only be+ on e>? t kn[s ,god by 8 ?\ghts %\ld be unhappy 9 8 ?\ghts2 if x be n an evil t ?is wor%ipp] ( ! ,deity %\ld be almo/ always unju/ & suff]+1 %\ld "k virtue & commit crime1 %\ld s (t5 deceive & be deceiv$1 & be ! victim or ! execution] ( 8 fell[s1 etc42 if all t be n a frightful evil1 ,i "k n :]e evil is to be f\nd4 ,bea/s & m5 suff] almo/ )\t ceas+2 m5 suff] ! m because1 n only is ! gift ( ?\ght (t5 a s\rce ( torture1 b ?is faculty ( ?9k+ always makes !m fe> dea?1 :i* ! bea/ _c =esee4 ,man is a v mis]able be+1 hav+ b a few h\rs ( re/1 a few mom5ts ( satisfaction1 & a long s]ies ( days ( sorr[ 9 8 %ort life4 ,ev]ybody admits & says ?is2 & x is true4 ,!y :o h prote/$ t all is well are *>latans4 ,%aftesbury1 :o set ! fa%ion 9 ?is1 0 a mo/ unhappy man4 ,i h se5 ,bol+broke torn ) grief & rage2 & ,pope1 :om he induc$ to put ?is mis]able joke into v]se1 0 "o ( ! mo/ pitiable m5 ,i h ev] kn[n1 mis%ap5 9 body1 unbalanc$ 9 temp]am5t1 always ill & a burd5 to himself1 h>ass$ by a hundr$ enemies until 8 la/ mom5t4 ,at lea/ let u h happy be+s say+ t all is well4 ,if by all is well x is m]ely meant t a man's head is happily plac$ above 8 %\ld]s1 s t 8 eyes are bett] situat$ beside ! root ( 8 nose ?an beh9d 8 e>s1 we may ass5t4 ,all is well 9 t s5se4 ,! laws ( physics & ma!matics are v well obs]v$ 9 8 /ructure4 ,a man :o saw ! beautiful ,anne ,boleyn1 or ! /ill m beautiful ,m>y ,/u>t1 9 h] y\?1 w\ld h said t x 0 well2 w\ld he h said x on see+ !m die by ! h& ( ! execution]8 ,w\ld he h said x on see+ ! gr&son ( ! beautiful ,m>y ,/u>t p]i% 9 ! same way 9 ! he>t ( 8 capital8 ,w\ld he h said x on see+ ! great-gr&son ev5 m mis]able1 because he liv$ long]8 ,glance ov] ! human race1 if x be b f ! prescriptions ( ,sylla to ! ,iri% massacres4 ,behold ^! battlefields1 /rewn by imbeciles ) ! corpses ( o!r imbeciles1 :om !y h sla9 ) a sub/ance born ( ! exp]im5ts ( a monk4 ,see ^! arms1 ^! legs1 ^! bloody bra9s1 & all ^! scatt]$ limbs2 x is ! fruit ( a qu>rel betwe5 two ignorant m9i/]s1 nei!r ( :om w\ld d>e to op5 8 m\? 9 ! pres5ce ( ,newton1 ,locke1 or ,halley2 or ( "s ridicul\s qu>rel betwe5 two =w>d wom54 ,ent] ! neighb\r+ hospital1 :]e are ga!r$ ^? :o are n yet dead4 ,_! life is tak5 f !m by fre% torm5ts1 & m5 make a =tune out ( !m1 keep+ a regi/] ( ! victims :o are dissect$ alive1 at s mu* a day1 "u ! pretext ( heal+ !m4 ,see ^! o!r m51 dress$ z com$ians1 e>n+ a little money by s++1 9 a =eign language1 a v obscure & insipid song1 to ?ank ! au?or ( nature = ?is horrible outrage done to nature2 & !n tell me calmly t all is well4#ga ,say ! ^w1 if y d>e1 9 connection ) ,alex&] ,,vi4 & ,julius ,,ii42 say x ov] ! ru9s ( a hundr$ t[ns t h be5 swall[$ up by e>?quakes1 & amid ! twelve millions ( ,am]icans :o are be+ assass9at$1 9 twelve million ways1 to puni% !m = n be+ able to und]/& 9 ,lat9 a papal bull t ! monks h read to !m4 ,say x to-day1 ! #bd? ( ,augu/1 #aggb2 a day on :i* ! p5 trembles 9 my f+]s1 ! two-hundr$? anniv]s>y ( ! massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew4 ,pass f ^! innum]able !atres ( c>nage to ! equally unnumb]$ retreats ( sorr[ t cov] ! e>?1 to t sw>m ( diseases :i* sl[ly dev\r s _m poor wret*es :ile !y yet live2 ?9k ( t frightful ravage ( nature :i* poisons ! human race 9 its s\rce1 & associates ! mo/ abom9able ( plagues ) ! mo/ necess>y ( pleasures4 ,see t despis$ k+ ,h5ry ,,iii41 & t m$iocre lead] ! ,duke ( ,may5ne1 /ruck d[n ) ! small-pox :ile !y are wag+ civil w>2 & t insol5t desc5dant ( a ,flor5t9e m]*ant1 ,gondi1 & ,retz1 ! prie/1 ar*bi%op ( ,p>is1 prea*+ ) sword 9 h& & body diseas$4 ,to complete ?is true & horrible picture1 fancy y\rself amid ! floods & volcanoes t h s (t5 deva/at$ s _m p>ts ( ! _w2 amid ! leprosy & ! plague t h swept x4 ,& d y :o read ?is recall all t y h suff]$1 admit t evil exi/s1 & d n add to s _m mis]ies & horrors ! wild absurdity ( d5y+ !m4 ,,xvii ,,romances ,,inv5t$ ,,to ,,expla9 ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,evil ,( a hundr$ peoples :o h s\ght ! cause ( physical & moral evil1 ! ,h9doos are ! fir/ ^: romantic imag9ations are kn[n to u4 ,!y are sublime1 if ! ^w 8sublime0 be tak5 to mean 8high40 ,evil1 accord+ to ! anci5t ,brahmans1 comes ( a qu>rel t once took place 9 ! highe/ heav5s1 betwe5 ! fai?ful & ! jeal\s angels4 ,! rebels 7 ca/ out ( heav5 into ,ond]a = millions ( ages4 ,b ! great be+ p>don$ !m at ! end ( a few ?\s& ye>s2 !y 7 turn$ into m51 & !y br\ght ^u ! e>? ! evil t !y _h eng5d]$ 9 ! empyran4 ,we h else:]e describ$ at l5g? ?is anci5t fable1 ! s\rce ( all fables4 ,x 0 f9ely imitat$ by gift$ nations1 & grossly reproduc$ by b>b>ians4 ,no?+1 inde$1 is m spiritual & agreeable ?an ! /ory ( ,p&ora & h] box4 ,if ,hesiod has _h ! m]it ( inv5t+ ?is allegory1 ,i ?9k x z sup]ior to ,hom] z ,hom] is to ,lycophron4 ,?is box ( ,p&ora1 conta9+ all ! evils t h issu$ f x1 seems to h all ! *>m ( ! mo/ /rik+ & delicate allusions4 ,no?+ is m en*ant+ ?an ?is orig9 ( our suff]+s4 ,b !re is some?+ /ill m admirable 9 ! /ory ( ,p&ora4 ,x has a v high m]it1 :i* seems to h escap$ notice3 x is t no "o 0 ev] comm&$ to believe x4 ,,xviii ,,( ,,! ,,same ,,romances1 ,,imitat$ ,,by ,,b>b>ic ,,nations ,9 ! regions ( ,*alda & ,syria ! b>b>ians also _h _! leg5ds ( ! orig9 ( evil4 ,among "o ( ^! nations 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,euphrates x 0 said t a s]p5t1 meet+ a burd5$ & ?ir/y ass1 ask$ :at ! ass c>ri$4 8,! recipe ( immortality10 said ! ass2 8,god has be/[$ x ^u man1 :o has laid x on my back4 ,he foll[s me1 b is f> (f1 because he has only two legs4 ,i die ( ?ir/2 pri!e tell me :]e !re is a /ream40 ,! s]p5t l$ ! ass to wat]1 &1 :ile x drank1 /ole ! recipe4 ,h5ce x is t ! s]p5t is immortal1 :ile man is subject to dea? & all ! pa9s t prec$e x4 ,y w obs]ve t ! s]p5t 0 ?\ght by all peoples to be immortal because x ca/ its sk94 ,if x *ang$ its sk91 ?is mu/ h be5 9 ord] to become "y aga94 ,i h spok5 else:]e ( ?is nave !ology2 b x is well to br+ x once m to ! notice ( ! read]1 9 ord] to %[ him ! nature ( ?is v5]able antiquity1 9 :i* s]p5ts & asses play$ su* important p>ts4 ,! ,syrians rose high]4 ,!y told t man & woman1 hav+ be5 creat$ 9 heav51 desir$ "o day to eat a c]ta9 cake2 & t !y !n ask$ an angel to %[ !m ! place ( retirem5t4 ,! angel po9t$ to ! e>?4 ,!y w5t ?i!r2 & ,god1 to puni% !m = _! gluttony1 left !m !re4 ,let u also leave !m !re1 & _! d9n] & _! ass & _! s]p5t4 ,^! inconceivable pu]ilities ( anci5t ,syria are n wor? a mom5t's notice4 ,! dete/able fables ( an obscure p %\ld be exclud$ f a s]i\s discussion4 ,let u return f ^! mis]able leg5ds to ! great say+ ( ,epicurus1 :i* has s long al>m$ ! :ole e>?1 & to :i* !re is no answ] b a sigh3 8,ei!r ,god wi%$ to prev5t evil & c\ld n d s2 or he 0 able to d s1 & did n wi%40 ,a ?\s& ba*elors & doctors ( div9ity h fir$ ! arr[s ( ! s*ool at ?is un%akeable rock2 9 ?is t]rible %elt] h ! ,a!i/s tak5 refuge4 ,yet ! ,a!i/ mu/ admit t !re is 9 nature an active1 intellig5t1 necess>y1 et]nal pr9ciple1 & t f ?is pr9ciple comes all t we call good & evil4 ,let u discuss ! po9t ) ! ,a!i/4 ,,xix ,,disc\rse ,,( ,,an ,,a!i/ ,,on ,,all ,,?is ,an ,a!i/ says to me3 ,x has be5 prov$1 ,i admit1 t !re is an et]nal & necess>y pr9ciple4 ,b f ! fact t x is necess>y ,i inf] t all t is d]iv$ f x is necess>y2 y h be5 compell$ to admit ?is y\rself4 ,s9ce ev]y?+ is necess>y1 evil is z inevitable z good4 ,! great :eel ( ! ev]-turn+ ma*9e cru%es all t comes 9 its way4 ,i h no ne$ ( an intellig5t be+ :o c d no?+ ( himself1 & :o is z mu* a slave to 8 de/9y z ,i am to m9e4 ,if he exi/$1 ,i %\ld h too mu* ) :i* to reproa* him4 ,i %\ld be oblig$ to call him ei!r feeble or wick$4 ,i w\ld r d5y 8 exi/5ce ?an be disc\rte\s to him4 ,let u get ?r\gh ?is mis]able life z well z we c1 )\t ref]5ce to a fanta/ic be+ :om no "o has ev] se51 & to :om x w\ld matt] little1 if he exi/$1 :e!r we believ$ 9 him or n4 ,:at ,i ?9k ( him c no m affect him1 suppos+ t he exi/s1 ?an :at he ?9ks ( me1 ( :i* ,i am ignorant1 affects me4 ,!re is no relation1 no connection1 no int]e/ betwe5 him & me4 ,ei!r !re is no su* be+ or he is an utt] /rang] to me4 ,let u d z n9e hundr$ & n9ety-n9e mortals out ( a ?\s& d2 !y "w1 g5]ate1 eat1 dr9k1 sleep1 suff]1 & die1 )\t speak+ ( metaphysics1 or kn[+ t !re is su* a ?+4 ,,xx ,,disc\rse ,,( ,a ,,mani*,,an ,a ,mani*an1 he>+ ! ,a!i/1 says to him3 ,y are mi/ak54 ,n only is !re a ,god1 b !re are necess>ily two4 ,x has be5 fully prov$ t ! univ]se is arrang$ intellig5tly1 & !re is an intellig5t pr9ciple 9 nature2 b x is impossible t ?is intellig5t pr9ciple1 :i* is ! au?or ( good1 %\ld also be ! au?or ( evil4 ,evil mu/ h its own ,god4 ,zoroa/] 0 ! fir/ to proclaim ?is great tru?1 ab\t two ?\s& ye>s ago2 & two o!r ,zoroa/]s came aft]w>ds to confirm x4 ,! ,p>sees h always foll[$1 & /ill foll[1 ?is excell5t doctr9e4 ,"s wret*$ p or o!r1 call$ ! ,jews1 at t "t 9 bondage to u1 le>n$ a little ( our sci5ce1 toge!r ) ! names ( ,satan & ,knatbul4 ,!y recognis$ ,god & ! devil2 & ! devil 0 s p[]ful1 9 ! op9ion ( ?is poor little p1 t "o day1 :5 ,god _h desc5d$ into _! c\ntry1 ! devil took him up into a m\nta94 ,admit two gods1 !re=e2 ! _w is l>ge en\gh to hold !m & f9d suffici5t "w = !m4 ,,xxi ,,disc\rse ,,( ,a ,,pagan ,!n a ,pagan arose1 & said3 ,if we are to admit two gods1 ,i d n see :at prev5ts u f wor%ipp+ a ?\s&4 ,! ,greeks & ,romans1 :o 7 sup]ior to y1 7 poly!i/s4 ,x w be necess>y "s day to return to ! admirable doctr9e t peoples ! univ]se ) g5ii & deities2 x is assur$ly ! only sy/em :i* expla9s ev]y?+--! only "o 9 :i* !re is no contradiction4 ,if y\r wife betrays y1 ,v5us is ! cause ( x4 ,if y are robb$1 put ! blame on ,m]cury4 ,if y lose an arm or a leg 9 battle1 x 0 arrang$ by ,m>s4 ,s mu* = ! evil4 ,9 reg>d to ! good1 n only d ,apollo1 ,c]es1 ,pomona1 ,bac*us1 & ,flora load y ) pres5ts1 b occasionally ! same ,m>s w rid y ( y\r enemies1 ! same ,v5us w f9d y mi/resses1 ! same ,m]cury may p\r all y\r neighb\rs' gold into y\r c(f]s1 provid$ y\r h& comes to ! assi/ance ( 8 w&4 ,x 0 mu* easi] = ^! gods to agree 9 gov]n+ ! univ]se ?an x seems to be to ?is ,mani*an to reconcile 8 ,ormuzd1 ! b5evol5t1 & ,ahriman1 ! malevol5t1 two mortal enemies1 s z to ma9ta9 bo? light & d>kness4 ,_m eyes see bett] ?an "o4 ,h5ce all ! poets ( antiquity are cont9ually call+ c\ncils ( ! gods4 ,h[ c y suppose t "o god is en\gh to see to all ! details ( life on ,saturn & all ! bus9ess ( ! /> ,capella8 ,:at6 ,y imag9e t ev]y?+ on our globe1 except 9 ! h\ses ( ! ,k+ ( ,prussia & ! ,pope ,ganganelli1 is regulat$ by c\ncils1 & !re is no c\ncil 9 heav56 ,!re is no bett] way ( decid+ ?+s ?an by a majority ( votes4 ,! deity always acts 9 ! wise/ way4 ,! ,!i/ seems to me1 9 comp>ison ) a ,pagan1 to be l a ,prussian soldi] ent]+ ! t]ritory ( ,v5ice2 he is *>m$ ) ! excell5ce ( ! gov]nm5t4 8,! k+ ( ?is c\ntry10 he says1 8mu/ "w f morn+ to night4 ,i greatly pity him40 8,!re is no k+10 p reply2 8we are gov]n$ by a c\ncil40 ,"h are ! true pr9ciples ( our anci5t religion4 ,! great be+ kn[n z ,jehovah or ,yaa among ! ,phnicians1 ! ,jove ( o!r ,asiatic nations1 ! ,jupit] ( ! ,romans1 ! ,zeus ( ! ,greeks1 is ! sov]eign ( gods & m54 ,deum sator atque hom9um rex4 ,! ma/] ( ! :ole ( nature1 to :om no?+ 9 ! :ole range ( be+ approa*es4 ,cui nihil simile1 nec secundum4 ,! animat+ _s ( ! univ]se4 ,jovis omnia pl5a4 ,all ! ideas t "o may h ( ,god are enfold$ 9 ?is f9e v]se ( ! anci5t ,orpheus1 quot$ ?r\gh\t antiquity1 & repeat$ 9 all ! my/]ies4 '1 1 k 4 8,he is ,"o1 self-born1 & all 0 born ( ,"o40 ,b he confides to ! subord9ate gods ! c>e ( ! />s1 ! elem5ts1 ! seas1 & ! b[els ( ! e>?4 ,8 wife1 :o repres5ts ! expanse ( space t he fills1 is ,juno4 ,8 daught]1 :o is et]nal wisdom1 8 ^w1 is ,m9]va4 ,8 o!r daught]1 ,v5us1 is ! lov] ( ! poetical g5]ation4 ,%e is ! "m ( love1 inflam+ all s5sitive be+s1 unit+ !m1 reproduc+ by ! attraction ( pleasure all t necessity devotes to dea?4 ,all ! gods h made pres5ts to mortals4 ,c]es has giv5 !m corn1 ,bac*us ! v9e1 ,pomona fruit2 ,apollo & ,m]cury h taught !m ! arts4 ,! great ,zeus1 ! great ,demi\rgos1 _h made ! planets & ! e>?4 ,he _h br\ght m5 & animals into exi/5ce on our planet4 ,! fir/ man 01 accord+ to ! acc\nt ( ,b]osus1 ,alora1 fa!r ( ,s>es1 gr&fa!r ( ,alasp>a1 :o begot ,am5on1 ( :om 0 born ,metal>e1 :o 0 ! fa!r ( ,daon1 fa!r ( ,ev]odao1 fa!r ( ,amphis1 fa!r ( ,osi>te1 fa!r ( ! fam\s ,sixutros or ,xixutrus1 ,k+ ( ,*alda1 "u :om occurr$ ! well-kn[n deluge1 :i* ! ,greeks call$ 8! deluge ( ,ogyges02 a flood ( :i* ! precise date is /ill unc]ta91 z is t ( ! o!r great inundation1 :i* swall[$ up ! isle ( ,atlantis & "p ( ,greece ab\t six ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,we h ano!r !ogony 9 ,san*onia?on1 )\t a deluge4 ,^? ( ! ,h9doos1 ,*9ese1 & ,egyptians are v diff]5t aga94 ,all ev5ts ( antiquity are lo/ 9 a d>k night2 b ! exi/5ce & bless+s ( ,jupit] are cle>] ?an ! light ( ! sun4 ,! h]o :o1 /irr$ by 8 example1 did good to m5 0 kn[n by ! holy "n ( ,dionysos1 son ( ,god4 ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 ,p]seus1 & ,romulus also receiv$ ?is div9e "n4 ,"s w5t s f> ev5 z to say t ! div9e virtue 0 communicat$ to _! mo!rs4 ,! ,greeks & ,romans1 al?\gh !y 7 some:at debau*$1 z are to-day all ,*ri/ians ( a sociable nature1 r drunk51 l ! canons ( ,g]many1 & giv5 to unnatural vices1 l ! ,fr5* k+ ,h5ry ,,iii4 & 8 ,nog>et1 7 v religi\s4 ,!y (f]$ sacrifice & inc5se1 walk$ 9 processions1 & fa/$4 ,b ev]y?+ becomes corrupt 9 "t4 ,religion *ang$4 ,! spl5did "n ( ,son ( ,god--t is to say1 j & b5evol5t--0 aft]w>ds giv5 to ! mo/ unju/ & cruel ( m51 because !y 7 p[]ful4 ,! anci5t piety1 :i* 0 humane1 0 displac$ by sup]/ition1 :i* is always cruel4 ,virtue _h dwelt on ! e>? z long z ! fa!rs ( families 7 ! only prie/s1 & (f]$ to ,jupit] & ! immortal gods ! fir/ ( _! fruits & fl[]s2 b all ?is 0 *ang$ :5 ! prie/s began to %$ blood & want$ to %>e ) ! gods4 ,!y did %>e 9 tru?2 !y took ! (f]+s1 & left ! smoke to ! gods4 ,y "k h[ our enemies succe$$ 9 cru%+ u1 adopt+ our e>li] morals1 reject+ our bloody sacrifices1 call+ m5 to ! ,*ur*1 mak+ a p>ty = !mselves among ! poor until su* "t z !y %\ld capture ! ri*4 ,!y took our place4 ,we are annihilat$1 !y triumph2 b1 corrupt$ at l5g? l ourselves1 !y ne$ a great re=m1 :i* ,i wi% !m ) all my he>t4 ,,xxii ,,disc\rse ,,( ,a ,,jew ,take no notice ( ?is idolatr\s ,pagan :o w\ld turn ,god into a ,dut* presid5t1 & (f] u subord9ate gods l memb]s ( p>liam5t4 ,my religion1 be+ above nature1 c h no resemblance to o!rs4 ,! fir/ diff]5ce betwe5 !m & u is t ! s\rce ( our religion 0 hidd5 = a v long "t f ! re/ ( ! e>?4 ,! dogmas ( our fa!rs 7 buri$1 l ourselves1 9 a little c\ntry ab\t a hundr$ & fifty miles long & sixty 9 wid?4 ,9 ?is well dwelt ! tru? t 0 unkn[n to ! :ole _w1 until c]ta9 rebels1 go+ =? f among u1 took f x ! "n ( 8tru?0 9 ! reigns ( ,tib]ius1 ,caligula1 ,claudius1 & ,n]o2 & pres5tly boa/$ t !y 7 e/abli%+ a new tru?4 ,! ,*aldans recognis$ ,alora z _! fa!r1 z y "k4 ,! ,phnicians desc5d$ f a man nam$ ,orig51 accord+ to ,san*onia?on4 ,! ,greeks _h _! ,prome!us2 ! ,atlantids _h _! ,ouran1 call$ 9 ,greek ,ouranos4 ,i say no?+ ( ! ,*9ese1 ,h9doos1 or ,scy?ians4 ,we _h our ,adam1 ( :om nobody ev] he>d except our nation1 & we only v late4 ,x 0 n ! ,ephai/os ( ! ,greeks1 kn[n to ! ,lat9s z ,vulcan1 :o inv5t$ ! art ( us+ metals2 x 0 ,tubalca94 ,! :ole ( ! ,we/ 0 a/oni%$ to he>1 "u ,con/ant9e1 t x 0 n ,bac*us to :om ! nations ow$ ! use ( w9e1 b ,noah1 ^: "n none knew 9 ! :ole ,roman ,empire1 any m ?an !y knew ! names ( 8 ance/ors1 :i* 7 unkn[n ?r\gh\t ! e>?4 ,! anecdote 0 le>n$ only f our ,bible1 :5 x 0 translat$ into ,greek2 x began to spread ab\t t "t4 ,! sun 0 !n se5 to be no long] ! s\rce ( light2 ! light 0 creat$ be=e ! sun1 & sep>at$ f ! d>kness1 z ! wat]s 7 sep>at$ f ! wat]s4 ,woman 0 made f a rib1 :i* ,god himself took out ( a sleep+ man1 )\t awak5+ him1 & )\t caus+ 8 desc5dants to be %ort ( a rib4 ,! ,tigris1 ,araxis1 ,euphrates1 & ,nile all _h _! s\rce 9 ! same g>d54 ,we d n "k :]e ! g>d5 01 b its exi/5ce is prov$1 because ! gate 0 gu>d$ by a *]ub4 ,animals speak4 ,! eloqu5ce ( a s]p5t 0 fatal to ! :ole human race4 ,a ,*aldan prophet conv]s$ ) 8 ass4 ,god1 ! creator ( all m51 is n ! fa!r ( all m51 b ( "o family alone4 ,?is family1 always w&]+1 left ! f]tile l& ( ,*alda to w&] = "s "t 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,sodom2 f ?is j\rney x acquir$ an inconte/able "r to ! city ( ,j]usalem1 :i* 0 n yet 9 exi/5ce4 ,our family increases at su* a rate t sev5ty m5 produce1 at ! end ( two hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 six hundr$ & ?irty ?\s& m5 be>+ arms2 c\nt+ ! wom51 *ildr51 & old m51 t am\nts to ab\t ?ree millions4 ,^! ?ree millions live 9 a small canton ( ,egypt :i* _c ma9ta9 tw5ty ?\s& p4 ,= _! advantage ,god puts to dea? 9 "o night all ! fir/-born ( ! ,egyptians2 &1 aft] ?is massacre1 in/ead ( giv+ ,egypt to 8 p1 ,god puts himself at _! head to fly ) !m dry-foot across ! sea1 & cause a :ole g5]ation ( ,jews to die 9 ! des]t4 ,we h sev5 times be5 9 slav]y 9 spite ( ! appall+ miracles t ,god works = u e day1 caus+ ! moon to /& /ill 9 midday1 & also ! sun4 ,t5 out ( twelve ( our tribes p]i%$ = ev]4 ,! o!r two are scatt]$ & 9 mis]y4 ,we h always prophets1 nev]!less4 ,god desc5ds cont9ually among our p alone1 & m+les only ) u4 ,he appe>s con/antly to ^! prophets1 8 sole confidants & fav\rites4 ,he goes to visit ,addo or ,iddo or ,j$do1 & comm&s him to travel )\t eat+4 ,! prophet ?9ks t ,god has ord]$ him to eat t he may walk bett]2 he eats1 & =?) he is eat5 by a lion 7#a ,k+s xiii474 ,god comm&s ,isaiah to g =? among 8 fell[-citiz5s 9 a mo/ unbecom+ /ate ( attire1 discoop]tis natibus 7,isaiah xx474 ,god ord]s ,j]emiah to put a yoke on 8 neck & a saddle on 8 back 7*4 xxvii4 accord+ to ! ,hebrews74 ,he ord]s ,ezekiel to h himself b\nd1 to eat a p>*m5t book1 to lie = two hundr$ & n9ety days on ! "r side & =ty days on ! left side1 & !n to eat fil? ) 8 bread4 ,he comm&s ,hosea to take a pro/itute & h ?ree *ildr5 by h]2 !n he comm&s him to pay an adult]\s woman & h *ildr5 by h]4 ,add to all ^! prodigies an un9t]rupt$ s]ies ( massacres1 & y w see t among u all ?+s are div9e1 because no?+ is 9 accordance ) :at m5 call dec5t laws4 ,unhappily1 we 7 n well kn[n to o!r nations until we 7 ne>ly annihilat$4 ,x 0 our enemies1 ! ,*ri/ians1 :o made u kn[n :5 !y despoil$ u4 ,!y built up _! sy/em ) mat]ial tak5 f a bad ,greek translation ( our ,bible4 ,!y insult & oppress u to ?is day2 b our turn w come4 ,x is well kn[n h[ we w triumph at ! end ( ! _w1 :5 !re w be no "o left on ! e>?4 ,,xxiii ,,disc\rse ,,( ,a ,,turk ,:5 ! ,jew _h f9i%$1 a ,turk1 :o _h smok$ ?r\gh\t ! meet+1 wa%$ 8 m\?1 recit$ ! =mula 8,allah ,illah10 & said to me3 ,i h li/5$ to all ^! dream]s4 ,i h ga!r$ t ?\ art a dog ( a ,*ri/ian1 b ?\ please/ me because ?\ seeme/ lib]al1 & art 9 fav\r ( gratuit\s pr$e/9ation4 ,i believe ?\ art a s5sible man1 assum+ t ?\ do/ agree ) me4 ,mo/ ( ?y dogs ( ,*ri/ians h spok5 only folly ab\t our ,mohamm$4 ,a c]ta9 ,b>on de ,tott1 a man ( mu* ability & g5iality1 :o did u great s]vice 9 ! la/ w>1 induc$ me "s "t ago to read a book ( "o ( y\r mo/ le>n$ m51 nam$ ,grotius1 entitl$ ,! ,tru? ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion4 ,?is ,grotius accuses our great ,mohamm$ ( =c+ m5 to believe t a pigeon spoke 9 8 e>1 t a camel conv]s$ ) him dur+ ! night1 & t he _h put half ! moon 9 8 sleeve4 ,if ! mo/ le>n$ ( y\r ,*ri/-wor%ipp]s c write su* as99e /uff1 :at mu/ ,i ?9k ( ! o!rs8 ,no1 ,mohamm$ did none ( ^! village-miracles1 ( :i* p speak only a hundr$ ye>s aft] ! suppos$ ev5t4 ,he wr\ght none ( ^? miracles :i* ,b>on de ,tott read to me 9 ! ,gold5 ,leg5d1 writt5 at ,g5eva4 ,he wr\ght none ( y\r miracles 9 ! mann] ( ,/4 ,md>d1 :i* h be5 s mu* d]id$ 9 ,europe1 & at :i* a ,fr5* ambassador has laugh$ s mu* 9 our pres5ce4 ,! miracles ( ,mohamm$ 7 victories4 ,god has %[n t he 0 a fav\rite by subject+ half our hemisph]e to him4 ,he 0 n unkn[n = two :ole c5turies4 ,he triumph$ z soon z he 0 p]secut$4 ,8 religion is wise1 sev]e1 *a/e1 & humane4 ,wise1 because x kn[s n ! folly ( giv+ ,god associates1 & x has no my/]ies2 sev]e1 because x prohibits games ( *ance1 & w9e1 & /rong dr9ks1 & ord]s pray] five times a day2 *a/e1 because x r$uces to f\r ! prodigi\s numb] ( sp\ses :o %>$ ! b$ ( all ori5tal pr9ces2 humane1 because x imposes on u almsgiv+ m rigor\sly ?an ! j\rney to ,mecca4 ,add tol]ance to all ^! m>ks ( tru?4 ,reflect t we h 9 ! city ( ,/amb\l alone m ?an a hundr$ ?\s& ,*ri/ians ( all sects1 :o c>ry out all ! c]emonies ( _! cults 9 peace1 & live s happily "u ! %elt] ( our laws t !y nev] deign to visit y1 :ile y cr[d to our imp]ial gate4 ,,xxiv ,,disc\rse ,,( ,a ,,!i/ ,a ,!i/ !n ask$ p]mission to speak1 & said3 ,ev]yone has 8 own op9ion1 good or bad4 ,i %\ld be sorry to di/ress any good man4 ,fir/1 ,i ask p>don ( ! ,a!i/2 b x seems to me t1 compell$ z he is to admit an excell5t design 9 ! ord] ( ! univ]se1 he is b\nd to admit an intellig5ce t has conceiv$ & c>ri$ out ?is design4 ,x is en\gh1 x seems to me1 t1 :5 ! ,a!i/ lights a c&le1 he admits t x is = ! purpose ( giv+ light4 ,x seems to me t he %\ld also grant t ! sun 0 made to illum9e our "p ( ! univ]se4 ,we mu/ n dispute ab\t su* probable matt]s4 ,! ,a!i/ %\ld yield ! m graci\sly s9ce1 be+ a good man1 he has no?+ to fe> f a ma/] :o has no int]e/ 9 injur+ him4 ,he may q safely admit a ,god2 he w n pay a p5ny ! m 9 taxes1 & w n live less com=tably4 ,z to y1 my pagan fri5d1 ,i submit t y are r late ) y\r project ( re/or+ poly!ism4 ,= t ,max5tius ought to h defeat$ ,con/ant9e1 or else ,julian ought to h liv$ ?irty ye>s long]4 ,i confess t ,i see no impossibility 9 ! exi/5ce ( sev]al be+s f> sup]ior to u1 ea* ( :om w\ld sup]9t5d "s heav5ly body4 ,inde$1 x w\ld give me "s pleasure to pref] y\r ,naiads1 ,dryads1 ,sylvans1 ,graces1 & ,loves to ,/4 ,fiacre1 ,/4 ,pancratius1 ,/s4 ,crep9 & ,crep9i51 ,/4 ,vitus1 ,/4 ,cunegonde1 or ,/4 ,m>jola9e4 ,b1 really1 "o mu/ n multiply ?+s )\t ne$2 & z a s+le intellig5ce suffices = ! regulation ( ! _w1 ,i w /op at t until o!r p[]s %[ me t !y %>e its rule4 ,z to y1 my ,mani*an fri5d1 y seem to me a duelli/1 v fond ( fight+4 ,i am a peaceful man1 & d n l to f9d myself betwe5 two rivals :o are ev] at w>4 ,y\r ,ormuzd is en\gh = me2 y c keep y\r ,ahriman4 ,i %all always be some:at emb>rass$ 9 reg>d to ! orig9 ( evil2 b ,i suppose t ! good ,ormuzd1 :o made ev]y?+1 c\ld n d bett]4 ,i _c (f5d him if ,i say to him3 ,y h done all t a p[]ful1 wise1 & good be+ c\ld d4 ,x is n y\r fault if y\r works _c be z good & p]fect z y\rself4 ,imp]fection is "o ( ! ess5tial diff]5ces betwe5 y & y\r creatures4 ,y c\ld n make gods2 x 0 necess>y t1 s9ce m5 possess$ reason1 !y %\ld display folly1 j z !re mu/ be friction 9 e ma*9e4 ,ea* man has 8 dose ( imp]fection & folly1 f ! v fact t y are p]fect & wise4 ,he mu/ n be always happy1 because y are always happy4 ,x seems to me t a collection ( muscles1 n]ves1 & ve9s _c la/ m ?an eighty or a hundr$ ye>s at ! mo/1 & t y mu/ be = ev]4 ,x seems to me impossible t an animal1 necess>ily compact$ ( desires & wills1 %\ld n at times wi% to s]ve 8 own purpose by do+ evil to 8 neighb\r4 ,y only nev] d evil4 ,la/ly1 !re is necess>ily s great a di/ance betwe5 y & y\r works t ! good is 9 y1 & ! evil mu/ be 9 !m4#gb ,z = me1 imp]fect z ,i am1 ,i ?ank y = giv+ me a %ort span ( exi/5ce1 & especially = n hav+ made me a pr(essor ( !ology4 ,t is n at all a bad complim5t4 ,god c\ld n be angry ) me1 see+ t ,i d n wi% to displease him4 ,9 f9e1 ,i feel t1 if ,i d no evil to my bre?r5 & respect my ma/]1 ,i %all h no?+ to fe>1 ei!r f ,ahriman1 or ,c]b]us & ! ,furies1 or ,satan1 or ,knatbull1 or ,/4 ,fiacre & ,/4 ,crep92 & ,i %all end my days 9 peace & ! pursuit ( philosophy4 ,i come n[ to y1 ,mr4 ,abrabanel & ,mr4 ,b5jam94#gc ,y seem to me to be ! madde/ ( ! lot4 ,! ,kaffirs1 ,hott5tots1 & blacks ( ,new ,gu9ea are m reasonable & dec5t be+s ?an y\r ,jewi% ance/ors 74 ,y h surpass$ all nations 9 exorbitant leg5ds1 bad conduct1 & b>b>ism4 ,y are pay+ = x2 x is y\r de/9y4 ,! ,roman ,empire has fall52 ! ,p>sees1 y\r =m] ma/]s1 are scatt]$4 ,! ,arm5ians sell rags1 & occupy a l[ position 9 ! :ole ( ,asia4 ,!re is no trace left ( ! anci5t ,egyptians4 ,:y %\ld y be a p[]8 ,z to y1 my ,turki% fri5d1 ,i advise y to come to t]ms z soon z possible ) ! ,empress ( ,russia1 if y wi% to keep :at y h usurp$ 9 ,europe4 ,i am will+ to believe t ! victories ( ,mohamm$1 son ( ,abdala1 7 miracles2 b ,ca!r9e ,,ii4 also works miracles4 ,take c>e t %e d n "s day p]=m ! miracle ( s5d+ y back to ! des]ts f :i* y came4 ,9 p>ticul>1 cont9ue to be tol]ant2 x is ! true way to please ! be+ ( be+s1 :o is alike ! fa!r ( ,turks & ,russians1 ,*9ese & ,japanese1 black & yell[ man1 & ( ! :ole ( nature4 ,,xxv ,,disc\rse ,,( ,a ,,citiz5 ,:5 ! ,!i/ _h spok51 a man arose & said3 ,i am a citiz51 & !re=e ! fri5d ( all ^! g5tlem54 ,i w n dispute ) any ( !m4 ,i wi% only to see !m all unit$ 9 ! design ( aid+ & lov+ ea* o!r1 9 mak+ ea* o!r happy1 9 s f> z m5 ( su* diff]5t op9ions c love ea* o!r1 & contribute to ea* o!r's happ9ess1 :i* is z difficult z x is necess>y4 ,to atta9 ?is end1 ,i advise !m fir/ to ca/ 9 ! fire all ! controv]sial books :i* come _! way1 especially ^? ( ! ,jesuits2 & also ! ecclesia/ical gazette1 & all o!r pamphlets :i* are b ! fuel ( ! civil w> ( fools4 ,next1 ea* ( our bre?r51 :e!r ,!i/1 ,turk1 ,pagan1 ,greek ,*ri/ian1 ,lat9 ,*ri/ian1 ,anglican1 ,sc&9avian1 ,jew1 or ,a!i/1 w read att5tively sev]al pages ( ,cic]o's ,de ,(ficiis1 or ( ,montaigne1 & "s ( ,la ,fonta9e's ,fables4 ,! read+ ( ^! works ins5sibly disposes m5 to t concord :i* !ologians h hi!rto held 9 horror4 ,_! m9ds be+ ?us prep>$1 e "t t a ,*ri/ian & a ,mussulman meet an ,a!i/ !y w say to him3 8,de> bro!r1 may heav5 enlight5 y02 & ! ,a!i/ w reply3 8,:5 ,i am conv]t$ ,i %all come & ?ank y40 ,! ,!i/ w give two kisses to ! ,mani*an woman 9 hon\r ( ! two pr9ciples4 ,! ,greek & ,roman woman w give ?ree to ea* memb] ( ! o!r sects1 ev5 ! ,quak]s & ,jans5i/s4 ,! ,soc9ians ne$ only embrace once1 see+ t ^? g5tlem5 believe !re is only "o p]son 9 ,god2 b ?is embrace w be equal to ?ree :5 x is p]=m$ 9 good fai?4 ,we "k t an ,a!i/ c live v cordially ) a ,jew1 especially if ! ,jew does n *>ge m ?an eight p] c5t4 9 l5d+ him money2 b we h no hope ( ev] see+ a lively fri5d%ip betwe5 a ,calv9i/ & a ,lu!ran4 ,all t we require ( ! ,calv9i/ is t he return ! salute ( ! ,lu!ran ) "s affection1 & d n foll[ ! example ( ! ,quak]s1 :o d rev]5ce to nobody2 b ! ,calv9i/s h n _! c&\r4 ,we urge ! primitive folk call$ ,quak]s to m>ry _! sons to ! daught]s ( ! ,!i/s :o are kn[n z ,soc9ians1 z ^! "y ladies1 be+ ne>ly all ! daught]s ( prie/s1 are v poor4 ,n only w x be a v good de$ be=e ,god & m51 b ^! m>riages w produce a new race1 :i*1 repres5t+ ! fir/ ye>s ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 w be v useful to ! human race4 ,^! prelim9>ies be+ settl$1 if any qu>rel occur betwe5 memb]s ( two diff]5t sects1 !y mu/ nev] *oose a !ologian z arbitrator1 = he w\ld infallibly eat ! oy/] & leave !m ! %ells4 ,to ma9ta9 ! e/abli%$ peace no?+ %all be (f]$ = sale1 ei!r by a ,greek to a ,turk1 a ,turk to a ,jew1 or a ,roman to a ,roman1 except :at p]ta9s to food1 clo?+1 lodg+1 or pleasure4 ,!y %all n sell circumcision1 or baptism1 or burial1 or p]mission to turn r\nd ! black /one 9 ! caaba1 or to h>d5 "o's knees be=e ,our ,lady ( ,loretto1 :o is /ill black]4 ,9 all ! disputes t %all arise x is expressly =bidd5 to treat any p]son z a dog1 h[ev] angry "o may be--unless inde$ we treat dogs z m5 :5 !y /eal our d9n] or bite u4 ,,poem ,,on ,,! ,,lisbon ,,disa/]2 ,,or ,,an ,,exam9ation ,,( ,,! ,,axiom1 8,,all ,,is ,,well0 ,unhappy mortals6 ,d>k & m\rn+ e>?6 ,affright$ ga!r+ ( human k9d6 ,et]nal l+]+ ( useless pa96 ,come1 ye philosoph]s1 :o cry1 8,all's well10 ,& contemplate ?is ru9 ( a _w4 ,behold ^! %r$s & c9d]s ( y\r race1 ,?is *ild & "m heap$ 9 common wreck1 ,^! scatt]$ limbs b5ea? ! m>ble %afts-- ,a hundr$ ?\s& :om ! e>? dev\rs1 ,:o1 torn & bloody1 palpitat+ yet1 ,entomb$ b5ea? _! hospitable ro(s1 ,9 rack+ torm5t end _! /rick5 lives4 ,to ^? expir+ murmurs ( di/ress1 ,to t appall+ spectacle ( woe1 ,w ye reply3 8,y d b illu/rate ,! iron laws t *a9 ! w ( ,god08 ,say ye1 o'er t yet quiv]+ mass ( fle%3 8,god is av5g$3 ! wage ( s9 is dea?08 ,:at crime1 :at s91 _h ^? "y he>ts conceiv$ ,t lie1 ble$+ & torn1 on "m's brea/8 ,did fall5 ,lisbon deep] dr9k ( vice ,?an ,london1 ,p>is1 or sunlit ,madrid8 ,9 ^! m5 dance2 at ,lisbon yawns ! abyss4 ,tranquil spectators ( y\r bro!rs' wreck1 ,unmov$ by ?is repell5t dance ( dea?1 ,:o calmly seek ! reason ( su* /orms1 ,let !m b la% y\r own security2 ,y\r te>s w m+le freely ) ! flood4 ,:5 e>? its horrid jaws half op5 %[s1 ,my pla9t is innoc5t1 my cries are j4 ,surr\nd$ by su* cruelties ( fate1 ,by rage ( evil & by sn>es ( dea?1 ,front+ ! fi]c5ess ( ! elem5ts1 ,%>+ our ills1 indulge me my lam5t4 8',tis pride10 ye say--8! pride ( rebel he>t1 ,to ?9k we might f>e bett] ?an we d40 ,g1 tell x to ! ,tagus' /rick5 banks2 ,se>* 9 ! ru9s ( t bloody %ock2 ,ask ( ! dy+ 9 t h\se ( grief1 ,:e!r 'tis pride t calls on heav5 = help ,& pity = ! suff]+s ( m54 8,all's well10 ye say1 8& all is necess>y40 ,?9k ye ?is univ]se _h be5 ! worse ,)\t ?is helli% gulf 9 ,portugal8 ,are ye s sure ! great et]nal cause1 ,t kn[s all ?+s1 & = itself creates1 ,c\ld n h plac$ u 9 ?is dre>y clime ,)\t volcanoes see?+ 'nea? our feet8 ,set y ?is limit to ! p[] supreme8 ,w\ld y =bid x use its clem5cy8 ,are n ! means ( ! great artisan ,unlimit$ = %ap+ 8 designs8 ,! ma/] ,i w\ld n (f5d1 yet wi% ,?is gulf ( fire & sulphur _h outp\r$ ,its baleful flood amid ! des]t wa/es4 ,god ,i respect1 yet love ! univ]se4 ,n pride1 alas1 x is1 b love ( man1 ,to m\rn s t]rible a /roke z ?is4 ,w\ld x console ! sad inhabitants ,( ^! aflame & desolat$ %ores ,to say to !m3 8,lay d[n y\r lives 9 peace2 ,= ! _w's good y\r homes are sacrific$2 ,y\r ru9$ palaces %all o!rs build1 ,= o!r peoples %all y\r walls arise2 ,! ,nor? gr[s ri* on y\r unhappy loss2 ,y\r ills are b a l9k 9 g5]al law2 ,to ,god y are z ^? l[ creep+ worms ,t wait = y 9 y\r pr$e/9$ tombs08 ,:at spee* to hold to victims ( su* ru?6 ,add n su* cruel outrage to _! pa94 ,nay1 press n on my agitat$ he>t ,^! iron & irrevocable laws1 ,?is rigid *a9 ( bodies1 m9ds1 & worlds4 ,dreams ( ! bloodless ?9k] are su* ?\ghts4 ,god holds ! *a93 is n himself en*a9$2 ,by 8 indulg5t *oice is all arrang$2 ,implacable he's n1 b free & j4 ,:y suff] we1 !n1 "u "o s j8#gd ,!re is ! knot y\r ?9k]s %\ld undo4 ,?9k ye to cure our ills d5y+ !m8 ,all peoples1 trembl+ at ! h& ( ,god1 ,h s\ght ! s\rce ( evil 9 ! _w4 ,:5 ! et]nal law t all ?+s moves ,do? hurl ! rock by impact ( ! w9ds1 ,) lightn+ r5ds & fires ! /urdy oak1 ,!y h no feel+ ( ! cra%+ bl[s2 ,b ,i1 ,i live & feel1 my w\nd$ he>t ,appeals = aid to him :o fa%ion$ x4 ,*ildr5 ( t ,almighty ,p[]1 we /ret* ,our h&s 9 grief t[>ds our common sire4 ,! vessel1 truly1 is n he>d to say3 8,:y %\ld ,i be s vile1 s co>se1 s frail80 ,nor spee* nor ?\ght is giv5 unto x4 ,! urn t1 f ! pott]'s =m+ h&1 ,slips & is %att]$ has no liv+ he>t ,t ye>ns = bliss & %r9ks f mis]y4 8,?is mis]y10 ye say1 8is o!rs' good40 ,yes2 f my m\ld]+ body %all be born ,a ?\s& worms1 :5 dea? has clos$ my pa94 ,f9e consolation ?is 9 my di/ress6 ,grim speculators on ! woes ( m51 ,ye d\ble1 n assuage1 my mis]y4 ,9 y ,i m>k ! n]veless boa/ ( pride ,t hides its ill ) pretext ( cont5t4 ,i am a puny "p ( ! great :ole4 ,yes2 b all animals condemn$ to live1 ,all s5ti5t ?+s1 born by ! same /]n law1 ,suff] l me1 & l me also die4 ,! vulture fa/5s on 8 timid prey1 ,& /abs ) bloody beak ! quiv]+ limbs3 ,all's well1 x seems1 = x4 ,b 9 a :ile ,an eagle te>s ! vulture into %r$s2 ,! eagle is transfix$ by %aft ( man2 ,! man1 prone 9 ! du/ ( battlefield1 ,m+l+ 8 blood ) dy+ fell[-m51 ,becomes 9 turn ! food ( rav5\s birds4 ,?us ! :ole _w 9 e memb] groans3 ,all born = torm5t & = mutual dea?4 ,& o'er ?is gha/ly *aos y w\ld say ,! ills ( ea* make up ! good ( all6 ,:at bless$ness6 ,& z1 ) quak+ voice1 ,mortal & pitiful1 ye cry1 8,all's well10 ,! univ]se belies y1 & y\r he>t ,refutes a hundr$ times y\r m9d's conceit4 ,all dead & liv+ ?+s are lock$ 9 /rife4 ,confess x freely--evil /alks ! l&1 ,its secret pr9ciple unkn[n to u4 ,c x be f ! au?or ( all good8 ,are we condemn$ to weep by tyrant law ,( black ,typhon or b>b>\s ,ahriman8#ge ,^! odi\s mon/]s1 :om a trembl+ _w ,made gods1 my _s utt]ly rejects4 ,b h[ conceive a ,god supremely good1 ,:o heaps 8 fav\rs on ! sons he loves1 ,yet scatt]s evil ) z l>ge a h&8 ,:at eye c pi]ce ! dep? ( 8 designs8 ,f t all-p]fect ,be+ came n ill3 ,& came x f no o!r1 = he's "l3 ,yet x exi/s4 ,o /]n & numb+ tru?6 ,o wondr\s m+l+ ( div]sities6 ,a ,god came d[n to lift our /rick5 race3 ,he visit$ ! e>?1 & *ang$ x n6 ,"o sophi/ says he _h n p[] to *ange2 8,he _h10 ano!r cries1 8b will$ x n3 ,9 "t he w1 no d\bt40 ,&1 :ile !y prate1 ,! hidd5 ?und]s1 bel*$ f und]gr\nd1 ,fl+ wide ! ru9s ( a hundr$ t[ns ,across ! smil+ face ( ,portugal4 ,god ei!r smites ! inborn guilt ( man1 ,or1 arbitr>y "l ( space & "t1 ,devoid alike ( pity & ( wra?1 ,pursues ! cold designs he has conceiv$4 ,or else ?is =mless /uff1 recalcitrant1 ,be>s 9 itself inali5able faults2 ,or else ,god tries u1 & ?is mortal life ,is b ! passage to et]nal sph]es4 ',tis transitory pa9 we suff] "h1 ,& dea? its m]ciful deliv]ance4 ,yet1 :5 ?is dreadful passage has be5 made1 ,:o w cont5d he has des]v$ ! cr[n8 ,:atev] side we take we ne$s mu/ groan2 ,we no?+ "k1 & ev]y?+ mu/ fe>4 ,nature is dumb1 9 va9 appeal to x2 ,! human race dem&s a ^w ( ,god4 ',tis 8 alone to illu/rate 8 "w1 ,console ! we>y1 & illume ! wise4 ,)\t him man1 to d\bt & error doom$1 ,f9ds n a re$ t he may lean ^u4 ,f ,leibnitz le>n we n by :at unse5 ,bonds1 9 ?is be/ ( all imag9$ worlds1 ,endless disord]1 *aos ( di/ress1 ,mu/ mix our little pleasures ?us ) pa92 ,nor :y ! guiltless suff] all ?is woe ,9 common ) ! mo/ abhorr5t guilt4 ',tis mock]y to tell me all is well4 ,l le>n$ doctors1 no?+ d ,i "k4 ,plato has said t m5 did once h w+s ,& bodies pro( aga9/ all mortal ill2 ,t pa9 & dea? 7 /rang]s to _! _w4 ,h[ h we fall5 f t high e/ate6 ,man crawls & dies3 all is b born to die3 ,! _w's ! empire ( de/ructiv5ess4 ,?is frail con/ruction ( quick n]ves & bones ,_c su/a9 ! %ock ( elem5ts2 ,?is tempor>y bl5d ( blood & du/ ,0 put toge!r only to dissolve2 ,?is prompt & vivid s5tim5t ( n]ve ,0 made = pa91 ! m9i/] ( dea?3 ,?us 9 my e> does nature's message run4 ,plato & ,epicurus ,i reject1 ,& turn m hopefully to le>n$ ,bayle4 ,) ev5 pois$ scale ,bayle bids me d\bt4 ,he1 wise & great en\gh to ne$ no cre$1 ,has sla9 all sy/ems--combats ev5 himself3 ,l t bl9d conqu]or ( ,phili/9es1 ,he s9ks b5ea? ! ru9 he has wr\ght4#gf ,:at is ! v]dict ( ! va/e/ m9d8 ,sil5ce3 ! book ( fate is clos$ to u4 ,man is a /rang] to 8 own rese>*2 ,he kn[s n :5ce he comes1 nor :i!r goes4 ,torm5t$ atoms 9 a b$ ( mud1 ,dev\r$ by dea?1 a mock]y ( fate4 ,b ?9k+ atoms1 ^: f>-see+ eyes1 ,guid$ by ?\ght1 h measur$ ! fa9t />s1 ,our be+ m+les ) ! inf9ite2 ,ourselves we nev] see1 or come to "k4 ,?is _w1 ?is !atre ( pride & wrong1 ,sw>ms ) sick fools :o talk ( happ9ess4 ,) pla9ts & groans !y foll[ up ! que/1 ,to die reluctant1 or be born aga94 ,at fitful mom5ts 9 our pa9-rack$ life ,! h& ( pleasure wipes away our te>s2 ,b pleasure passes l a fleet+ %ade1 ,& leaves a legacy ( pa9 & loss4 ,! pa/ = u is b a fond regret1 ,! pres5t grim1 unless ! future's cle>4 ,if ?\ght mu/ end 9 d>kness ( ! tomb1 ,all w be well "o day--s runs our hope4 ,all n[ is well1 is b an idle dream4 ,! wise deceive me3 ,god alone is "r4 ,) l[ly sigh+1 subject 9 my pa91 ,i d n fl+ myself 'ga9/ ,provid5ce4 ,once did ,i s+1 9 less lugubri\s tone1 ,! sunny ways ( pleasure's g5ial rule2 ,! times h *ang$1 &1 taught by gr[+ age1 ,& %>+ ( ! frailty ( mank9d1 ,seek+ a light amid ! deep5+ gloom1 ,i c b suff]1 & w n rep9e4 ,a caliph once1 :5 8 la/ h\r _h come1 ,?is pray] address$ to him he rev]5c$3 8,to !e1 sole & all-p[]ful k+1 ,i be> ,:at ?\ do/ lack 9 ?y imm5sity-- ,evil & ignorance1 di/ress & s940 ,he might h add$ "o ?+ fur!r--hope4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,probably adopt+ a "n :i* is kn[n to h exi/$ among 8 "m's ance/ors4 ,b x is curi\s t 8,voltaire0 is an anagram ( 8 "n--,ar\et l 7e7 j 7eune7--if u be read z v & j z i4 #b ,! condition ( ,t\l\se w be be/ und]/ood f a description ( ^! processions :i* ,voltaire gives else:]e4 ,9 front walk$ ! %oemak]s1 be>+ ! au!ntic head ( a pr9ce ( ,peloponnesus1 :o _h be5 ,bi%op ( ,t\l\se dur+ ! lifetime ( ,*ri/4 ,aft] !m came ! slat]s1 c>ry+ ! bones ( ! f\rte5 ?\s& *ildr5 sla9 by ,h]od2 ! old-clo!s deal]s1 ) a piece ( ! dress ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y2 & ! tailors1 ) ! relics ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul4--,j4 ,m4 #c ,i "k only two in/ances 9 hi/ory ( fa!rs be+ *>g$ ) kill+ _! *ildr5 on acc\nt ( religion4 ,! fir/ is ! case ( ! fa!r ( ,/4 ,b>b>a1 or ,/e4 ,b>be4 ,he _h _h two w9d[s made 9 8 ba?-room4 ,b>b>a1 9 8 abs5ce1 _h a ?ird made1 to hon\r ! ,holy ,tr9ity4 ,%e made ! sign ( ! cross on ! m>ble columns ) ! tip ( h] f+]1 & x 0 deeply engrav$ on ! /one4 ,h] son came angrily ^u h]1 sword 9 h&2 b %e escap$ ?r\gh a m\nta91 :i* op5$ to receive h]4 ,! fa!r w5t r\nd ! m\nta9 & caught h]4 ,%e 0 /ripp$ & flogg$1 b ,god clo!d h] 9 a :ite cl\d4 ,9 ! end h] fa!r cut (f h] head4 ,s says ! ,fl[] ( ! ,sa9ts4 ,! second case is t ( ,pr9ce ,h]m5egild4 ,he rebell$ aga9/ 8 fa!r1 ! k+1 gave him battle 79 #ehd71 & 0 beat5 & kill$ by an (fic]4 ,z 8 fa!r 0 an ,arian1 he 0 reg>d$ z a m>tyr4 #d ,voltaire nobly conceals 8 "w4 ,x 0 he :o1 f 8 exile ne> ,g5eva1 s5t = "y ,calas1 made se>*+ inquiries 9 ,t\l\se1 & in/ruct$ ! ,p>isian lawy]s to appeal4 ,he enli/$ ! int]e/ ( ,engli% & ,fr5* visitors at ,g5eva1 & !re 0 8a rivalry 9 g5]osity betwe5 ! two nations40 ,aft] a long /ruggle ) ! ,t\l\se au?orities ! s5t5ce 0 rev]s$ at ,p>is amid g5]al en?usiasm4 ,! ,k+ v g5]\sly p5sion$ ! wid[ & ! o!r victims4--,j4 ,m4 #e ,?anks to ,voltaire & to ! progress ( ,rationalism at ,p>is1 %e 0 receiv$ ) ! greate/ en?usiasm & g5]osity4--,j4 ,m4 #f ,9 anci5t ,rome ! devoti 7 ^? :o devot$ !mselves to ! good ( ! ,republic4 #g ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* did n discov] ! infallibility ( ! ,pope until #ahgj1 s9ce :i* date 8 lips h rema9$1 (ficially1 clos$4--,j4 ,m4 #h ,a ?ru/ at ! ,jesuits4--,j4 ,m4 #i ,! ,ca?olic ,league = ! suppression ( ,prote/antism 9 ,france1 9 ! second half ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 l$ to mu* w> & blood%$4--,j4 ,m4 #aj ,9 8 treatise ,dieu et les ,hommes ,voltaire1 aft] a v incomplete survey ( hi/ory1 puts ! numb] ( victims ( religi\s w>s & qu>rels at #i1dfh1hjj4--;,j4 ,m4 #aa ,to m>ry )9 c]ta9 degrees ( k9dr$1 etc4--,j4 ,m4 #ab ,an exagg]at$ acc\nt ( ! ,ul/] rebellion4--,j4 ,m4 #ac ,?is position c\ld be held 9 a modifi$ =m 9 reg>d to anci5t ,greece4 ,see ,e4 ,s4 ,p4 ,haynes's "w1 ,religi\s ,p]secution4--,j4 ,m4 #ad ,! ,jews _h no "r to inflict dea? aft] ,juda _h become a ,roman prov9ce1 b ! au?orities at times ov]look$ ^! puni%m5ts ( blasphemy4 #ae ,*4 #be4 ,voltaire has 9 ?is foll[$ ecclesia/ical cu/om4 ,! ^w 9 ,suetonius is n 8,*ri/o10 b 8,*re/o10 & !re=e ! passage reads1 9 ,engli%3 8,claudius expell$ ! ,jews f ,rome = _! con/ant di/urbances at ! in/igation ( ,*re/us40 ,z ,*re/us 0 n an uncommon "n at ,rome1 !re is no ne$ to apply ! passage to ,*ri/ 9 any way4--,j4 ,m4 #af ,! passage ( ,tacitus 7,annals1 xv41 #dd7 is v g5]ally reject$ z an int]polation4--,j4 ,m4 #ag ,i omit _m ( ! l5g?y notes1 9 :i* ,voltaire1 ) veil$ irony & a bl& pret5ce ( or?odoxy--= ! reason ( :i* see ! ,introduction1--?r[s d\bt on ! p]secutions4 ,! fre] s*ol>%ip ( ! n9ete5? c5tury has s f> ju/ifi$ 8 scepticism t few are n[ int]e/$ 9 ! fairy tales ( ! e>ly 8p]secutions40 ,!re 0 only "o g5]al repression ( ! ,*ri/ians1 "u ,diocletian4 ,see ! late/ editions ( ,gibbon1 & ,rob]tson's ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ,*ri/ianity 7pp4 #acj-adj74--;,j4 ,m4 #ah ,voltaire's irony & pret5ce ( or?odoxy mu/ aga91 z 9 s _m places1 be tak5 into acc\nt4 ,y d n1 z a ,fr5* comm5tator says1 incur dea? 9 ,fr5* law = ?r[+ a piece ( wood into ! ,rhone4--,j4 ,m4 #ai ,a beautiful y\? lov$ by ! ,emp]or ,hadrian4--,j4 ,m4 #bj ,if !y _h be5 cont5t to prea* & write1 !y w\ld probably h be5 left 9 peace2 b ! refusal to take ! oa?s1 9 a con/itution 9 :i* mu* use 0 made ( oa?s1 expos$ !m to suspicion4 ,! refusal to take "p publicly 9 ! fea/s 9 hon\r ( ! emp]ors 0 a sort ( crime at a "t :5 ! empire 0 con/antly /irr$ by revolutions4 ,! insults !y (f]$ to ! e/abli%$ cult 7 puni%$ ) sev]ity & b>b>ism1 & x 0 an age ( r\gh & viol5t ways4 #ba ,! ,dea?s ( ! ,p]secutors1 *4 iii4--a v untru/wor?y "w4 ,x is d\btful if ,lactantius wrote x4 ,!re 0 no g5]al p]secution "u ,domitian1 b c]ta9 high (ficials suff]$1 l ! re/ ( ,rome1 f 8 excessive suspicion4--,j4 ,m4 #bb ,voltaire1 :o knew only ! late hi/ory ( ,egypt1 gives a l5g?y note to expla9 8 disda94 ,ar*ological rese>* has alt]$ all t4--,j4 ,m4 #bc ,n :olly unkn[n4 ,we "k t ! "m ( ,gal]ius1 an ignorant peasant1 0 /ung by ! insults ( ,*ri/ian (fic]s 9 ! palace1 & inflam$ h] son1 :o p]suad$ ,diocletian to take action4 ,! action 0 mild at fir/2 b ,*ri/ians tore d[n ! imp]ial edict1 & ! palace 0 twice set on fire4 ,!n ,diocletian yield$4--,j4 ,m4 #bd ,! p]secution "u ,diocletian began 9 #cjc4--;,j4 ,m4 #be ,! ,jesuit ,bus5baum1 edit$ by ! ,jesuit ,la ,croix1 says t 8x is lawful to kill a pr9ce excommunicat$ by ! ,pope1 9 :atev] c\ntry he may be f\nd1 because ! univ]se belongs to ! ,pope1 & he :o accepts ?is commission does a *>itable de$40 ,?is proposition1 drawn up 9 ! ante*amb]s ( hell1 has done m ?an any?+ to raise ,france aga9/ ! ,jesuits4 ,!y 7 expell$ f ,france 9 #agfg4--;,j4 ,m44 ,!y endeav\r$ to ju/ify !mselves by po9t+ out t ! same conclusions are f\nd 9 ,/4 ,?omas & o!r ,dom9icans4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ,/4 ,?omas ( ,aqu91 ! 8angelic doctor0 & 8int]pret] ( ! div9e w0--su* are 8 titles1--says t an apo/ate pr9ce loses 8 "r to ! cr[n1 & %\ld no long] be obey$ 7,bk4 ,,ii41 ,"p ,,ii41 que/4 xii472 t ! ,*ur* may puni% him ) dea?2 t ! ,emp]or ,julian 0 tol]at$ only because ! ,*ri/ians 7 weak 7same passage72 t x is "r to kill any h]etic 7same place1 que/ions xi4 & xii472 t ^? are laudable :o free a p f a tyrannical pr9ce1 etc4 ,we mu/ admit t ,g]son1 ,*ancellor ( ! ,univ]sity1 w5t f>!r ?an ,/4 ,?omas1 & ! ,franciscan ,jean ,petit mu* f>!r ?an ,g]son4 #bf ,x 0 n def9$ by ! ,*ur* until #ahed4--;,j4 ,m4 #bg ,?is section is some:at abridg$1 z mu* ( x is bett] develop$ 9 prec$+ works4--,j4 ,m4 #bh ,voltaire's eag]ness to %[ ! tol]ance ( ! ,jews is purely p>adoxical & ironical4 ,8 sole object 9 ?is section is to expose ! crudities ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 "u ! cloak ( or?odox !ological reason+4 ,h5ce he omits ! savage laws ( ,deut]onomy aga9/ =eign cults4--,j4 ,m4 #bi ,x may be useful to recall t1 z e>li] pages %[1 ,voltaire did n believe 9 ! 8next _w40 ,mu* ( ! phras+ ( ?is "p is1 :5 x is n ironical1 m]ely an argum5tum ad hom9em4--,j4 ,m4 #cj ,see t excell5t "w1 ,! ,manual ( ! ,inquisition4 #ca ,?is horrible doctr9e mu/ n :olly be relegat$ to ! eighte5? c5tury & ! ,middle ,ages4 ,x is /ill solemn ,ca?olic doctr9e1 def9$ by ! ,vatican ,c\ncil 9 #ahgj1 t no a!i/ or agno/ic1 :e!r 9 good or bad fai?1 c be sav$4--,j4 ,m4 #cb ,daught] ( ! ,emp]or ,diocletian4 ,n execut$ by ,*ri/ians4--,j4 ,m4 #cc ,! homily is suppos$ to h be5 deliv]$ 9 ,london4--,j4 ,m4 #cd ,greece ?rew (f ! ,turki% yoke 9 #ahbg4--;,j4 ,m4 #ce ,9 ! ,greek1 ,lat91 & mod]n ,bibles x is 8firmam5t40 ,9 ! ,hebrew text x is 8expanse10 ?\gh o!r passages %[ t x ref]s to ! solid vault or firmam5t ( ! ,babylonians4--,j4 ,m4 #cf ,! ,rev4 ,pr(essor ,sayce reg>ds ,job z a piece ( nor? ,arabian or ,edomite lit]ature1 borr[$ by ! ,jews4--,j4 ,m4 #cg ,n9ety ye>s old 7,g5esis xvii41 #ag74--;,j4 ,m4 #ch ,a %aft at ! ,ca?olic doctr9e ( transub/antiation4--,j4 ,m4 #ci ,see ! ,acts ( ,/4 ,!cla1 writt5 9 ! fir/ c5tury by a disciple ( ,/4 ,paul1 & recognis$ z au!ntic by ,t]tullian1 ,/4 ,cyprian1 ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nazianzum1 ,/4 ,ambrose1 etc4 #dj ,spuri\s ,acts ( ! ,apo/le xxi4 #da #a ,cor9?ians ix41 #d1 #e1 & #g4 #db ,!ssalonians iv41 #af & #ag4 #dc ,acts xxi4 #dd ,mat!w gives five ?\s& m5 & five loaves 9 *apt] xiv41 & f\r ?\s& m5 & five loaves 9 *apt] xv4 ,app>5tly1 !y are two diff]5t miracles1 :i* makes 9 all n9e ?\s& m5 & at lea/ n9e ?\s& wom54 ,if y add n9e ?\s& *ildr51 ! total numb] ( d9]s am\nts to tw5ty-sev5 ?\s&--:i* is consid]able4 #de ,a pun ( :i* ! po9t is lo/ 9 ,engli%4 ,! ,fr5* phrase1 to make a man 8swall[ ! gudgeon10 means to 8gull0 a man4 ,voltaire turns ! 8two little fi%es0 ( ! gospel into gudgeons to accommodate 8 joke4--,j4 ,m4 #df ,9 ,france1 an abbey ( :i* ! 8abbot0 0 a k9d ( abs5tee l&lord4 ,he liv$ at ,p>is1 ) ! title & rev5ue1 & left ! "w to a sub-abbot4--,j4 ,m4 #dg ,! indictm5t is too sev]e4 ,! lat] ye>s ( ,con/ant9e 7 m>k$ by silly extravagance1 b n debau*4 ,! execution ( 8 fa!r-9-law 0 ju/ifi$4 ,8 7p>tial7 acceptance ( ,*ri/ianity 0 e>li] ?an ,voltaire supposes1 & !re is no s]i\s gr\nd = sugge/+ l>ge paym5ts ( money4 ,b x is n[ beyond "q t he put 8 bro!r-9-law 7,lic9ius7 to dea? trea*]\sly1 _h 8 wife1 son1 & nephew murd]$1 & greatly deg5]at$ 9 lat] life4--,j4 ,m4 #dh ,no2 9 ! ,s5ate4--,j4 ,m4 #di ,mat!w xx41 #bc4 #ej ,mat!w xx41 #bf & #bg4 #ea ,all ,*ri/ians believe t ,jesus 0 born 9 a /able1 betwe5 an ox & an ass4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no m5tion ( ?is 9 ! gospels4 ,x 0 imag9$ by ,ju/91 & is m5tion$ by ,lactantius1 or at lea/ ! au?or ( a bad ,lat9 poem on ! passions1 :i* is attribut$ to ,lactantius4 #eb ,a "t by fate appo9t$ 0 to come1 ,:5 sea1 & e>?1 & all ! realm ( heav5 ,%\ld flame1 & ru9 seize ! _w's great mass4 ,j4 ,m4 #ec ,see ,revelation1 ,ju/91 & ,t]tullian4 #ed ,9 ,voltaire's "t1 naturally1 ! relative priority ( ,indian1 ,egyptian1 ,babylonian1 & ,p]sian civilisations 0 q unkn[n1 & 8 idea ( _! relations to ea* o!r _c hold to-day4--,j4 ,m4 #ee ,! fam\s 8,dies ir10 sung 9 ,ca?olic fun]al s]vices to-day 9 ,engl&4--,j4 ,m4 #ef ,ju/9 & ,t]tullian4 #eg ,apo/olic ,con/itutions1 ,bk4 ,,ii41 *4 lvii4 #eh ,apo/olic ,con/itutions1 ,,viii41 vi4 #ei ,see ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* ( ,con/ant9ople & ,alex&ria1 9 ! ,bodleian ,libr>y4 #fj ,recognitions ( ,/4 ,clem5t1 ,bk4 ,,ix41 ,nos4 #cb-ce4 #fa ,! pun is lo/ to read]s ( ! ,engli% ,bible4 ,9 ,fr5*1 z 9 ,syro-,*aldaic & ,greek & 7approximately7 ,lat91 8,pet]0 & 8rock0 are ! same ^w4 ,we h x 9 8salt-petre40--,j4 ,m4 #fb ,m ?an a million species1 on mod]n e/imates4--,j4 ,m4 #fc ,z is well kn[n1 ! ^w 8virg90 is a wilful mi/ranslation ( ! text ( ,isaiah4 8,girl0 is ! correct translation4--,j4 ,m4 #fd ,! k]ubim 7or 8*]ubim07 ( ! ,old ,te/am5t are ! w+$ bulls ( ! anci5t ,babylonians1 ( :i* !re are two f9e specim5s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4--,j4 ,m4 #fe ,_h ,voltaire kn[n :at ! mod]n ar*ologi/ has discov]$1 he w\ld h add$ t ! age ( iron did n ev5 dawn until "s c5turies aft] ?is suppos$ episode2 & iron 0 n us$ 9 ! ,ea/ until ab\t six c5turies aft]w>ds4--,j4 ,m4 #ff ,! numb] recognis$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4--,j4 ,m4 #fg ,! au?or 0 ?9k+1 app>5tly1 ( ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi4 ,note by ,voltaire4 #fh ,! tortures ( ! ,inquisition4--,j4 ,m4 #fi ,s9ce ! words 8x0 & 8he0 are bo? express$ by ! ,fr5* ^w 8il10 x is n cle> :e!r ,voltaire w\ld h spok5 ( 8 supreme be+ z 8x0 or 8he40 ,i int]pret 8 feel+ z c>efully z ! context p]mits4--,j4 ,m4 #gj ,leibnitz taught t mat]ial ?+s nev] act$ on ea* o!r2 ! only cause 0 ,god4 ,! leaf fell f ! tree1 :5 ! w9d blew1 because ,god _h pre-e/abli%$ t co9cid5ce1 or h>mony1 ( movem5ts4--,j4 ,m4 #ga ,! allusion is to prie/s1 9 _! col\r$ ve/m5ts1 s++ masses = a successful w>4--,j4 ,m4 #gb ,voltaire always c&idly faces ! problem ( evil1 & admits t x is inconsi/5t ) inf9ite p[] & goodness4 ,9 ano!r treatise he makes ! bold obs]vation t1 s9ce morality is m]ely a social law regulat+ ! relations ( m51 x has no application to 8 isolat$ 8great be+40--,j4 ,m4 #gc ,well-kn[n ,jews 9 m$ival hi/ory4--,j4 ,m4 #gd 8,sub ,deo ju/o nemo mis] nisi m]eatur ,"u a j ,god no "o is mis]able :o has n des]v$ mis]y40--,/4 ,augu/9e4 #ge ,! ,egyptian & ,p]sian pr9ciples ( evil4 ,! problem is discuss$ 9 ! prec$+ essay4--,j4 ,m4 #gf ,9 a l5g?y note ,voltaire expla9s t ,bayle nev] que/ion$ ,provid5ce1 & t ! scepticism 9 :i* he foll[s ,bayle is 9 reg>d to ! s\rce ( evil4 ,x w be se5 f e>li] pages1 h[ev]1 t ,voltaire does n ascribe inf9ite p[] to 8 ,god4 ,! words 8all-p]fect0 & 8almighty10 :i* occur 9 ?is poem1 are poetic phrases4--,j4 ,m4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,m9or punctuation & spell+ errors h be5 sil5tly correct$ &1 except = ^? *anges not$ bel[1 all misspell+s 9 ! text1 especially 9 dialogue1 & inconsi/5t or ar*aic usage1 h be5 reta9$4 ,page #ajg3 8,ah1 my bre?r51 ! ,holy ,sprit0 *ang$ to 8,ah1 my bre?r51 ! ,holy ,_s04 ,page #aae3 8^? :o scruple to commnicate ) =eign religions0 *ang$ to 8^? :o scruple to communicate ) =eign religions04 ,page #acf3 8patria* ( ! we/0 *ang$ to 8patri>* ( ! we/04