,,! ,,c5tury ,,sci5ce ,,s]ies4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,sir ,,h5ry ,e4 ,,roscoe1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,,! ,,h]s*els ,,& ,,mod]n ,,a/ronomy ,! ,c5tury ,sci5ce ,s]ies4 ,,edit$ ,,by ,,sir ,,h5ry ,e4 ,,roscoe1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,m4,p4 ,john ,dalton & ! ,rise ( ,mod]n ,*emi/ry4 ,by ,sir ,,h5ry ,e4 ,,roscoe1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,major ,r5nell1 ,f4,r4,s41 & ! ,rise ( ,engli% ,geography4 ,by ,,clem5ts ,r4 ,,m>kham1 ,c4,b41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,geographical ,society4 ,! ,h]s*els & ,mod]n ,a/ronomy4 ,by ,miss ,,agnes ,m4 ,,cl]ke1 ,au?or ( 8,a ,popul> ,hi/ory ( ,a/ronomy dur+ ! #ai? ,c5tury10 c4 ,9 ,prep>ation4 ,ju/us von ,liebig3 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,by ,w4 ,a4 ,,%5/one1 ,sci5ce ,ma/] 9 ,clifton ,college4 ,mi*ael ,f>aday3 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,by ,pr(essor ,,silvanus ,p4 ,,?ompson1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,cl]k ,maxwell & ,mod]n ,physics4 ,by ,r4 ,t4 ,,glazebrook1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,*>les ,lyell3 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,by ,rev4 ,pr(essor ,t4 ,g4 ,,bonney1 ,f4,r4,s4 ,humphry ,davy4 ,by ,t4 ,e4 ,,?orpe1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,pr9cipal ,*emi/ ( ! ,gov]nm5t ,laboratories4 ,pa/eur3 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,by ,,arm& ,,ruff]1 ,director ( ! ,briti% ,in/itute ( ,prev5tive ,m$ic9e4 ,*>les ,d>w9 & ! ,orig9 ( ,species4 ,by ,,edw>d ,b4 ,,p\lton1 ,m4,a41 ,f4,r4,s41 ,hope ,pr(essor ( ,zoology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d4 ,h]mann von ,helmholtz4 ,by ,a4 ,w4 ,r,,ck]1 ,f4,r4,s41 ,pr(essor ( ,physics 9 ! ,royal ,college ( ,sci5ce1 ,london4 ,,cassell ,,company1 ,,limit$1 ,london2 ,p>is ,melb\rne4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,william ,,h]s*el4 tat4 #ej4 7,f ,abbott's pa9t+ 9 ! ,national ,portrait ,gall]y47 ,,! ,,c5tury ,,sci5ce ,,s]ies4 ,,! ,,h]s*els ,,& ,,mod]n ,,a/ronomy ,,by ,,agnes ,m4 ,,cl]ke ,,au?or ,,( 8,a ,,popul> ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,a/ronomy ,,dur+ ,,! #ai,,? ,,c5tury10 8,,! ,,sy/em ,,( ,,! ,,/>s10 ,,etc4 ,,cassell ,,& ,,company1 ,,limit$ ,,london1 ,,p>is ,,melb\rne #ahie ,,all ,,rights ,,res]v$ ,illu/ration ,,preface4 ,! *ief au?ority = ! ,life ( ,sir ,william ,h]s*el is ,mrs4 ,john ,h]s*el's 8,memoir ( ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el0 7,london1 #ahgf74 ,x embodies ,c>ol9e's ,j\rnals & ,recollections1 ! accuracy ( :i* is above suspicion4 ,william himself1 inde$1 ref]r$ to h] = dates connect$ ) 8 e>ly life4 ,! collat]al s\rces ( in=mation are few & meagre2 !y yield m]e glean+s1 yet glean+s wor? collect+4 ,pr(essor ,e4 ,s4 ,hold5 has _h rec\rse to _m ( !m = 8 excell5t little monograph entitl$ 8,h]s*el1 8 ,life & ,works0 7,london1 #ahha71 :i* is usefully supplem5t$ by 8,a ,synopsis ( ! ,sci5tific ,writ+s ( ,sir ,william ,h]s*el10 prep>$ by ! same au?or ) ! aid ( ,pr(essor ,ha/+s4 ,x made "p ( ! ,smi?sonian ,report = #ahhj1 & 0 pr9t$ sep>ately at ,wa%+ton 9 #ahha4 ,b ! wond]ful s]ies ( pap]s x summ>ises h /ill to be s\ght1 "o by "o1 by ^? desir+ to /udy !m effectually1 9 ! v>i\s volumes ( ! ,philosophical ,transactions 9 :i* !y orig9ally appe>$4 ,_! collection & republication is1 nev]!less1 a recognis$ desid]atum1 & w\ld fill a conspicu\s gap 9 sci5tific lit]ature4 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's life has yet to be writt54 ,! publi%$ mat]ials = x are scanty1 al?\gh !y h be5 re9=c$ by ! inclusion 9 ! late ,mr4 ,graves's 8,life ( ,sir ,william ,r[an ,hamilton0 7,dubl91 #ahhb-i7 ( 8 correspond5ce ) t rem>kable man4 ,! pres5t writ] has1 h[ev]1 be5 fav\r$ by ! late ,miss ,h]s*el1 & by ,sir ,william ,j4 ,h]s*el1 ) ! p]usal ( a consid]able numb] ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's1 z well z ( ,sir ,william's1 manuscript lett]s4 ,%e also gratefully ackn[l$ges ! k9d help af=d$ to h] by ,lady ,gordon & ,miss ,h]s*el 9 connection ) ! portraits reproduc$ 9 ?is volume4 ,= detail$ bibliographical ref]5ces1 ! articles on ,sir ,john1 ,sir ,william1 & ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el1 9 ! 8,diction>y ( ,national ,biography10 may be consult$4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,*apt] ,i4--,,e>ly ,,life ,,( ,,william ,,h]s*el #i ,,ii4--,,! ,,k+',s ,,a/ronom] #cb ,,iii4--,,! ,,explor] ,,( ,,! ,,heav5s #ec ,,iv4--,,h]s*el',s ,,special ,,inve/igations #ge ,v4--,,! ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,h]s*el',s ,,c>e] ,,on ,,mod]n ,,a/ronomy #ih ,,vi4--,,c>ol9e ,,h]s*el #aae ,,vii4--,,sir ,,john ,,h]s*el ,,at ,,cambridge ,,& ,,sl\gh #adb ,,viii4--,,exp$ition ,,to ,,! ,,cape #afb ,,ix4--,,life ,,at ,,coll+wood #ahc ,x4--,,writ+s ,,& ,,exp]im5tal ,,inve/igations #bjc ,,illu/rations4 ,,page ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,william ,,h]s*el ,frontispiece ,,portrait ,,( ,,c>ol9e ,,h]s*el #aae ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,john ,,h]s*el #adb ,,! ,,h]s*els ,,& ,,mod]n ,,a/ronomy4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,e>ly ,,life ,,( ,,william ,,h]s*el4 ,william ,h]s*el 0 desc5d$ f "o ( ?ree bro!rs1 ^: ,lu!ran op9ions made x exp$i5t = !m to quit ,moravia e>ly 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,hans ,h]s*el !reupon settl$ z a brew] at ,pirna1 9 ,saxony2 8 son ,abraham rose to "s repute z a l&scape-g>d5] 9 ! royal s]vice at ,dresd52 & ,abraham's y\nge/ son1 ,isaac1 br\ght into ! _w ) him1 9 #agjg1 an irresi/ible in/9ct & aptitude = music4 ,hav+ /udi$ at ,b]l91 he made 8 way 9 #agca to ,hanov]1 :]e he 0 imm$iately appo9t$ oboi/ 9 ! b& ( ! ,hanov]ian ,gu>d4 ,a ye> lat] he m>ri$ ,anna ,ilse ,moritz51 by :om he _h t5 *ildr54 ,! f\r? ( ^!1 ,fr$]ick ,william1 kn[n to fame z ,william ,h]s*el1 0 born ,novemb] #ae?1 #agch4 ,8 brilliant faculties quickly display$ !mselves4 ,at ! g>rison-s*ool he easily di/anc$ 8 bro!r ,jacob1 8 s5ior by f\r ye>s1 & le>n$ besides1 privately1 :atev] ,fr5* & ma!matics ! ma/] c\ld tea* him4 ,he %[$ also a pron\nc$ tal5t = music1 & 0 already1 at f\rte51 a pr(ici5t on ! hautboy & viol94 ,9 ?is direction lay 8 manife/ de/9y4 ,8 fa!r 0 n[ b&ma/] ( ! ,gu>d2 he 0 poor1 & _h no o!r provision to give 8 sons ?an to tra9 !m 9 8 own art2 & ?us ,william1 driv5 by necessity to become self-support+ :ile /ill a boy1 ent]$ ! b& z oboi/ 9 #agec4 ,!y 7 a family ( musicians4 ,( ! six :o rea*$ maturity1 only ,mrs4 ,griesba*1 ! eld] daught]1 gave no sign ( p]sonally own+ a %>e 9 ! common gift1 :i* desc5d$1 nev]!less1 to h] five sons1 all not$ p]=m]s on sundry in/rum5ts4 ,william ,h]s*el accompani$ 8 regim5t to ,engl& 9 #agee1 ) 8 fa!r & eld] bro!r4 ,he return$ a ye> lat]1 br++ ) him a copy ( ,locke 8,on ! ,human ,und]/&+10 ^u :i* he _h sp5t ! :ole ( 8 small sav+s4 ,two ( ! ?ree volumes ?us acquir$ 7 recov]$ by 8 si/] aft] sev5ty ye>s1 & transmitt$ to 8 son4 ,! break+-out ( ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w> prov$ decisive z to 8 future life4 ,campaign+ h>d%ips visibly told ^u 8 heal?2 8 p>5ts resolv$1 at all haz>ds1 to rescue him f !m2 & accord+ly1 aft] ! disa/] at ,ha/5beck1 ,july #bf?1 #ageg1 !y surreptiti\sly %ipp$ him (f to ,engl&4 ,by ?is adv5ture1 s9ce he 0 9 ! milit>y s]vice ( ! ,elector ( ,hanov]1 ,george ,,iii4 ( ,engl&1 he incurr$ ! p5alties ( des]tion2 b !y 7 nev] exact$1 & 7 remitt$ by ! ,k+ himself 9 #aghb4 ,william ,h]s*el 0 9 8 n9ete5? ye> :5 he l&$ at ,dov] ) a ,fr5* cr[n-piece 9 8 pocket4 ,necessity or prud5ce kept him = "s "t obscure2 & we next he> ( him z hav+ play$ a solo on ! viol9 at "o ( ,b>b&t's conc]ts 9 ,london1 ,febru>y #ae?1 #agfj4 ,9 ! same ye> he 0 engag$ by ! ,e>l ( ,d>l+ton to tra9 ! b& ( ! ,durham ,militia1 :5 8 %9+ qualities br\ght him to ! front4 ,! (fic]s ( ! regim5t look$ ) a/oni%m5t on ! ph5om5al "y ,g]man :o _h dropp$ among !m f "s cl\dy region2 :o spoke ,engli% p]fectly1 play$ l a virtuoso1 & possess$ a curi\s /ock ( v>i$ k4 ,_! acc\nt ( him at a mess-d9n] excit$ ! curiosity ( ,dr4 ,mill]1 organi/ & hi/orian ( ,donca/]1 :o1 hav+ he>d him p]=m a viol9 solo by ,gi>d9i1 fell into a rapture1 & invit$ him on ! spot to live ) him4 ,he left no?+ undone = ! advancem5t ( 8 protg2 procur$ = him tuitions & lead+ conc]t engagem5ts2 & enc\rag$ him1 9 #agfe1 to compete = ! po/ ( organi/ at ,halifax4 ,h]s*el's special qualifications 7 small2 8 *ief rival1 ,dr4 ,wa9wright1 0 a skill$ play]1 & at ! trial p]=mance evok$ mu* applause by 8 brilliant execution4 ,only ! build] ( ! organ1 an odd old ,g]man nam$ ,s*netzl]1 %[$ dissatisfaction1 exclaim+3 8,he run ab\t ! keys l "o cat2 he gif my pipes no "t = to %peak40 ,!n ,h]s*el m\nt$ ! l(t1 & ! *ur* 0 fill$ ) a maje/ic volume ( s\nd1 "u cov] ( :i* a /ately melody made itself he>d4 ,! 8,old ,hundr$?0 foll[$1 ) equal effect4 ,s*netzl] 0 beside himself ) delight4 8,i vil luf dis man10 he cri$1 8because he git my pipes "t = to %peak40 ,h]s*el _h virtually provid$ himself ) f\r h&s4 ,a pair ( lead5 weights br\ght 9 8 pocket s]v$ to keep d[n two keys an octave ap>t1 :ile he improvis$ a sl[ air to suit ! cont9u\s bass ?us me*anically suppli$4 ,! artifice secur$ him ! victory4 ,?is anecdote is c]ta9ly au!ntic4 ,x is relat$ by ,dr4 ,mill] f p]sonal k4 ,nor is x inconsi/5t ) a /ory told by ,joah ,bates1 ( ,k+'s ,college1 ,cambridge1 a passionate lov] ( music4 ,repair+ to ,halifax1 8 native place1 to conduct ! 8,messiah0 at ! op5+ ( a new organ1 he 0 acco/$ 9 ! *ur* by a "y man1 :o ask$ = an opportunity ( practis+ on x4 ,al?\gh z yet1 he said1 unacqua9t$ ) ! in/rum5t1 he aspir$ to ! place ( organi/2 & ! absolute c]titude ( 8 mann] s impress$ ,bates t he n only grant$ 8 reque/1 b became 8 w>m patron4 ,! "y man's "n 0 ,william ,h]s*el4 ,we he>1 fur!r1 on ,dr4 ,burney's au?ority1 t he play$ fir/ viol9 9 ,bates's or*e/ra4 ,b ! tide ( 8 =tunes 0 fl[+1 & he knew h[ to 8take x at ! flood40 ,e>ly 9 #agff he remov$ to ,ba? z oboi/ 9 ,l9ley's celebrat$ or*e/ra1 :i* play$ daily 9 ! ,pump ,room to enliv5 ! p>ade ( blu%+ damsels & ruffl+ gallants pictur$ to our fancy 9 ,miss ,au/5's novels4 ,ba? 0 !n :at ,beau ,na% _h made x--! v focus ( polite society4 ,turbans nodd$ ov] c>ds2 gigs ?read$ _! way along ,union ,passage2 ,*eap ,/reet 0 block$ ) vehicles2 ! ,l[] ,rooms witness$ ! nightly evolutions ( ! c\ntry-dance2 ! ,grove1 z ,doran rem9ds u1 0 brilliant ) beauty1 coquelicot ribbons1 sm>t pelisses1 lac$ coats1 & n9ep9s4 ,! feat ( 8tipp+ all n9e = a gu9ea0 0 frequ5tly p]=m$2 & fur!r excitem5t might be _h by m]ely pluck+ "s lampoons f ! trees1 :i* seem$ to be> !m z _! natural fruit4 ,music1 too1 0 9 high vogue4 ,! !atres 7 ?rong$2 & ,miss ,l9ley's exquisite voice 0 /ill he>d 9 ! conc]t-halls4 ,on ! #d? ( ,octob]1 #agfg1 ! new ,octagon ,*apel 0 op5$ = s]vice1 ) ,h]s*el z organi/4 ,h[ x 0 t he obta9$ ?is 8agreeable & lucrative situation0 we are ignorant2 b he _h t s+ul> capacity = di/9ction :i* expla9s ev]y?+4 ,! ,octagon ,*apel became a c5tre ( fa%ionable attraction1 & he soon f\nd himself lift$ on ! wave ( public fav\r4 ,pupils ( high rank ?rong$ to him1 & 8 lessons (t5 m\nt$ to ?irty-five a week4 ,he compos$ an!ms1 psalm-tunes1 ev5 full s]vices = 8 assidu\sly-tra9$ *oir4 ,8 family 7 made %>]s 9 8 success4 ,he secur$ a po/ 9 ,l9ley's or*e/ra = 8 y\ng] bro!r ,alex&]1 9 #agga2 & he himself fet*$ 8 si/] ,c>ol9e to ,ba? 9 #aggb4 ,bo? 7 ( v consid]able help to him 9 8 musical & o!r ent]prises1 ! latt] ( :i* gradually ga9$ gr\nd ov] ! =m]4 ,music 0 nev] ev]y?+ to ,william ,h]s*el4 ,he cultivat$ x ) ard\r2 compos$ ) facility 9 ! preval5t graceful ,italian /yle2 possess$ a ke5 appreciation & p]fect ta/e4 ,b a musical c>e]1 h[ev] brilliant1 did n satisfy him4 ,! inn] prompt+s ( g5ius told him to look beyond4 ,! fir/ ?irty-five ye>s ( 8 life 7 ?us sp5t 9 dilig5tly prep>+ to respond to an undecl>$ vocation4 ,no?+ div]t$ him f 8 purpose ( self-improvem5t4 ,at fir/1 he aim$ *iefly at ma/]+ ! k connect$ ) 8 pr(ession4 ,) a view to ! !ory ( music1 8,i appli$ myself e>ly10 he said1 9 a slight autobiographical sket* s5t to ,li*t5b]g at ,gtt+51 8to all ! bran*es ( ! ma!matics1 algebra1 conic sections1 fluxions1 etc4 ,contract+ !reby an insatiable desire = k 9 g5]al1 ,i ext5d$ my application to languages--,fr5*1 ,italian1 ,lat91 ,engli%--& det]m9$ to devote myself entirely to ! pursuit ( k1 9 :i* ,i resolv$ to place all my future enjoym5t & felicity4 ,?is resolution ,i h nev] _h occasion to *ange40 ,at ,ba?1 9 ! mid/ ( engross+ musical occupations1 8 zeal = /udy grew only ! m int5se4 ,aft] f\rte5 or sixte5 h\rs ( tea*+1 he w\ld 8unb5d 8 m9d0 by plung+ into ,maclaur9's 8,fluxions10 or retire to re/ ) a bas9 ( milk1 ,smi?'s 8,opticks10 & ,f]guson's 8,a/ronomy40 ,he _h no soon] fall5 "u ! spell ( ?is la/ sci5ce ?an he 8resolv$ to take no?+ ^u tru/1 b to see ) my own eyes all t o!r m5 _h se5 be=e40 ,he hir$1 to beg9 )1 a small reflector2 b :at x %[$ him m]ely :ett$ 8 curiosity4 ,& ! price ( a consid]ably l>g] in/rum5t prov$ to be m ?an he c\ld af=d to pay4 ,:]eupon he took ! mom5t\s resolution ( be+1 = ! future1 8 own optician4 ,?is 0 9 #aggb4 ,he at fir/ tri$ fitt+ l5ses into pa/ebo>d tubes1 ) ! poor results t c be imag9$4 ,!n he b\ght f a ,quak]1 :o _h dabbl$ 9 t l9e1 ! disc>d$ rubbi% ( 8 tools1 patt]ns1 poli%]s1 & abortive mirrors2 & 9 ,june1 #aggc1 :5 f9e folk _h mo/ly des]t$ ,ba? = summ] resorts1 "w 0 begun 9 e>ne/4 ,! h\se 0 turn$ topsy-turvy2 ! two bro!rs attack$ ! novel ent]prise ) boyi% glee4 ,alex&]1 a born me*anician1 set up a huge la! 9 "o ( ! b$rooms2 a cab9et-mak] 0 in/all$ 9 ! draw+-room2 ,c>ol9e1 9 spite ( secret dismay at su* unruly proce$+s1 l5t a h&1 & kept meals go+2 ,william direct$1 inspir$1 toil$1 ) ! ard\r ( a man :o _h /ak$ 8 life on ! issue4 ,mean:ile1 music c\ld n be neglect$4 ,practis+ & *oir-tra9+ w5t on2 novelties = ! ensu+ season 7 prep>$2 compositions writt51 & p>ts copi$4 ,!n ! w9t] br\ght ! usual r\nd ( tuitions & p]=mances1 :ile all ! "t mirrors 7 be+ gr\nd & poli%$1 tri$ & reject$1 )\t int]mission4 ,at la/1 aft] two hundr$ failures1 a tol]able reflect+ telescope 0 produc$1 ab\t five in*es 9 ap]ture1 & ( five & a half feet focal l5g?4 ,! outcome may seem small = s great an exp5diture ( pa9s2 b ^? two hundr$ failures made ! ,octagon ,*apel organi/ an exp]t1 unapproa*$ & unapproa*able1 9 ! con/ruction ( specula4 ,) 8 new in/rum5t1 on ,m>* #d?1 #aggd1 he obs]v$ ! ,nebula 9 ,orion2 & a record ( ?is beg9n+ ( 8 a/ronomical "w is /ill pres]v$ by ! ,royal ,society4 ,william ,h]s*el 0 n[1 z to age1 9 mezzo camm94 ,he _h numb]$ j s _m ye>s z _h ,dante :5 he began ! 8,div9a ,comm$ia40 ,b he _h n1 l ,dante1 be5 ?r[n (f ! rails ( life4 ,! ru% ( a successful pr(essional c>e] 0 irresi/ibly c>ry+ him along4 ,almo/ any o!r man w\ld h _h all 8 faculties absorb$ 9 x4 ,h]s*el's 7 only /imulat$ by ! occupations :i* x br\ght4 ,yet !y 7 ( a peculi>ly absorb+ nature4 ,music is ! mo/ exclusive ( arts4 ,9 turn+ aside1 aft] half a lifetime sp5t 9 its cultivation1 to seek 8 ideal else:]e1 ,h]s*el took an unp>allel$ c\rse4 ,& 8 *oice 0 f9al4 ,music 0 long 8 pursuit1 a/ronomy 8 pa/ime2 a =tunate ev5t enabl$ him to make a/ronomy 8 pursuit1 :ile keep+ music = a pa/ime4 ,yet ea* dem&s a totally diff]5t k9d ( tra9+1 n only ( ! intellect1 b ( ! s5ses4 ,f 8 e>lie/ *ildhood ,william ,h]s*el's n]ves & bra9 _h be5 specially educat$ to discrim9ate impressions ( s\nd1 & 8 muscles to ! peculi> agility ne$$ = _! regulat$ & delicate production2 :ile1 up to ! age ( ?irty-five1 he _h us$ 8 eyes no m purposefully ?an o!r p4 ,! eye1 nev]!less1 requires cultivation z mu* z ! e>4 8,y mu/ n expect to see at sight10 he told ,alex&] ,aub]t1 ( ,loam ,pit ,hill1 9 #aghb4 ,& he wrote to ,sir ,william ,watson3 8,see+ is 9 "s respects an art :i* mu/ be le>nt4 ,_m a night h ,i be5 practis+ to see1 & x w\ld be /range if "o did n acquire a c]ta9 dext]ity by su* con/ant practice40 ,a critical obs]vation1 he add$1 c\ld no m be expect$ f a novice at ! telescope ?an a p]=mance ( "o ( ,h&el's organ-fugues f a beg9n] 9 music4 ,9 ?is difficult art ( vision he rapidly became an adept4 ,tak+ into acc\nt ! full ext5t ( 8 p[]s1 ! op9ion has be5 express$1 & c sc>cely be contradict$1 t he nev] _h an equal4 ,at midsumm]1 #aggd1 ,h]s*el remov$ f ,no4 #g1 ,new ,k+ ,/reet1 to a h\se situat$ ne> ,walcot ,turnpike1 ,ba?4 ,a grass-plot 0 atta*$ to ! new resid5ce1 & x af=d$ conv5i5t space = work%ops4 ,= already he design$ to 8c>ry improvem5ts 9 telescopes to _! utmo/ ext5t10 & 8to leave no spot ( ! heav5s unvisit$40 ,an unprec$5t$ ambition6 ,no son ( ,adam _h ev] be=e ent]ta9$ ! l4 ,to se>* into ! recesses ( space1 to s\nd its dep?s1 to dr$ge up f !m _! %9+ cont5ts1 to classify ^!1 to inve/igate _! nature1 & trace _! mutual relations1 0 :at he propos$ to d1 hav+ fir/ provid$ ! requisite optical means4 ,all ?is 9 ! int]vals ( pr(essional toils1 ) no res\rces except ^? suppli$ by 8 g5ius & ard\r1 ) no exp]i5ce beyond t pa9fully ga9$ dur+ ! progress ( 8 gigantic task4 ,s9ce ! "t ( ,huyg5s1 no sy/ematic attempt _h be5 made to add to ! p[] ( ! telescope4 ,= ! /udy ( ! planet>y surfaces1 ^u :i* he & 8 contempor>ies 7 ma9ly int5t1 su* addition 0 highly desirable4 ,b ,newton's discov]y pr(\ndly modifi$ ! aims ( a/ronom]s4 ,_! ess5tial bus9ess !n became t ( p]fect+ ! !ories ( ! heav5ly bodies4 ,:e!r or n !y mov$ 9 p]fect accordance ) ! law ( gravitation 0 ! crucial "q ( ! "t4 ,newton's g5]alisation 0 on its trial4 ,n[ & aga9 x almo/ seem$ z if ab\t to fail4 ,b difficulties arose only to be ov]come1 & be=e ! eighte5? c5tury clos$ ! sup]b me*anism ( ! planet>y sy/em 0 elucidat$4 ,work+ flexibly "u ! control ( a s+le dom9ant =ce1 x 0 %[n to possess a self-right+ p[] :i* secur$ its indef9ite duration4 ,imp]i%able z ! temple ( ,poseidon1 x might be sway$ by di/urbances1 b c\ld n be ov]?r[n4 ,! two fundam5tal conclusions--t ! ,newtonian law is univ]sally valid1 & t ! sol> sy/em is a /able /ructure--7 rea*$ by imm5se & su/a9$ lab\rs4 ,_! e/abli%m5t 0 due1 9 ! ma91 to ! ma!matical g5ius ( ,clairaut1 ,d',alemb]t1 ,lagrange1 & ,laplace4 ,b ref9$ analysis dem&s ref9$ data2 h5ce ! ne$ = increas$ accuracy ( obs]vation grew cont9ually m urg5t4 ,att5tion 0 accord+ly conc5trat$ ^u measur+1 ) ! utmo/ exactitude1 ! places at det]m9ate epo*s ( ! heav5ly bodies4 ,! "o ?+ ne$ful 0 to le>n ! 8:50 & 8:]e0 ( ea* ( !m--t is1 to obta9 su* in=mation z ! transit-in/rum5t is adapt$ to give4 ,9 ?is way ! deviations ( ! moon & planets f _! calculat$ c\rses became kn[n2 & ^u ! basis ( ^! 8errors0 improv$ !ories 7 built1 !n aga9 comp>$ ) correct$ obs]vations4 ,= ^! ends1 l>ge telescopes w\ld h be5 useless4 ,!y 7 n1 h[ev]1 ^? t ,h]s*el _h 9 view4 ,! nature ( ! orbs ar\nd u1 n _! motions1 =m$ ! subject ( 8 inquiries1 ) :i* mod]n descriptive a/ronomy virtually orig9at$4 ,he 01 moreov]1 ! f\nd] ( sid]eal a/ronomy4 ,! />s _h1 until 8 c>e] began1 receiv$ little prim>y att5tion4 ,!y 7 reg>d$ & obs]v$ simply z ref]5ce-po9ts by :i* to track ! movem5ts ( planets1 comets1 & ! moon4 ,indisp5sable = fiducial purposes1 !y almo/ escap$ consid]ation = !mselves4 ,!y 71 inde$1 ?\ght to lie beyond ! rea* ( effective inve/igation4 ,only ! outbur/s ( tempor>y />s1 & ! fluctuations ( two or ?ree p]iodical ones1 _h r\s$ special int]e/1 & seem$ des]v+ ( p>ticul> inquiry4 ,( ! dim objects call$ 8nebul10 ,halley _h c\nt$ up half a doz5 9 #agad2 ,lacaille compil$ a li/ ( =ty-two at ! ,cape1 9 #ageb-ee2 & ,messi] publi%$ at ,p>is1 9 #agga1 a catalogue ( =ty-five1 enl>g$ to "o hundr$ & ?ree 9 #agha4 ,he tabulat$1 only to rid himself ( emb>rassm5ts f !m4 ,= he 0 by trade a comet-hunt]1 &1 until he hit ^u ?is exp$i5t1 _h be5 mu* h>ass$ 9 its ex]cise by mi/akes ( id5tity4 ,b ,h]s*el did n m]ely 8pick up20 he explor$4 ,?is 0 :at no "o be=e him _h ?\ght ( do+4 ,a 8review ( ! heav5s0 0 a complete novelty4 ,! magnific5ce ( ! idea1 :i* 0 root$ 9 8 m9d f ! />t1 places him ap>t f1 & above1 all prec$+ obs]v]s4 ,to its effective execution telescopic developm5t 0 ess5tial4 ,! two projects ( optical improvem5t & ( sid]eal scrut9y w5t toge!r4 ,! skies c\ld be fa?om$1 if at all1 only by means ( light-collect+ eng9es ( unexampl$ p[]4 ,rays enfeebl$ by di/ance %\ld be r5d]$ effective by conc5tration4 ,/ratum aft] /ratum ( bodies-- 8,clu/]s & b$s ( worlds1 & bee-l sw>ms ,( suns & />ry /reams10 previ\sly unse51 & ev5 unsuspect$1 might1 by ! /rong focuss+ ( _! feebly-surviv+ rays1 be br\ght to human cognisance4 ,! contemplat$ 8reviews0 w\ld !n be complete j 9 proportion to ! grasp ( ! in/rum5t us$ 9 mak+ !m4 ,! fir/ 0 sc>cely m ?an a reconnaissance4 ,x 0 made 9 #agge1 ) a small reflector ( ! ,newtonian make4,a ,its up%ot 0 to impress him ) ! utt] disproportion betwe5 8 d>+ plans & ! means z yet at 8 disposal4 ,speculum-ca/+ accord+ly recomm5c$ ) fre% vig\r4 ,sev5- & t5-foot mirrors 7 succe$$ by o!rs ( twelve1 & ev5 ( tw5ty feet focal l5g?4 ,! f9i%+ ( !m 0 v labori\s4 ,x 0 at t "t a manual process1 dur+ ! c\rse ( :i* ! h&s c\ld n be remov$ f ! metal )\t injury to its figure4 ,"o /ret* ( su* "w la/$ sixte5 h\rs1 ,miss ,h]s*el meantime1 8by way ( keep+ him alive10 putt+ occasional morsels ( food into ! dilig5t poli%]'s m\?4 ,8 mode ( proc$ure 0 to ca/ & f9i% _m mirrors ( ea* sort2 !n to select ! be/ by trial1 & repoli% ! rema9d]4 ,9 ?is mann] he made1 be=e #agha1 8n less ?an #bjj sev5-foot1 #aej t5-foot1 & ab\t #hj tw5ty-foot mirrors1 n to m5tion ^? ( ! ,gregorian =m40 ,repoli%+ op]ations 71 moreov]1 accompani$ by con/ant improvem5ts1 s t ea* successive speculum t5d$ to surpass its pr$ecessors4 ,a ,9 8,newtonian0 telescopes ! image =m$ by ! l>ge speculum is obliquely reflect$ f a small plane mirror to ! side ( ! tube1 :]e x is view$ ) an ord9>y eye-piece4 ,) a 8,gregorian10 ! obs]v] looks /raight =w>d1 ! image be+ ?r[n back by a little concave mirror ?r\gh a c5tral p]=ation 9 ! speculum :]e ! eye-piece is fitt$4 ,^! absorb+ occupations 7 int]rupt$ by ! unwelcome news t ,dietri*1 ! y\nge/ ( ! ,h]s*el family1 _h decamp$ f ,hanov] 8) a "y idl]0 l himself4 ,william in/antly />t$ = ,holl&1 :]e ! fugitive 0 suppos$ to be ab\t to take %ip = ,india1 b miss$ 8 track2 &1 aft] hav+ ext5d$ 8 j\rney to ,hanov] to com=t 8 anxi\s "m--8 fa!r _h di$ 9 #agfg--return$ sadly to ,ba?4 ,!re1 to 8 imm5se surprise1 he f\nd ! scapegrace 9 /rict *>ge ( 8 si/]1 8:o kept him to a diet ( roa/$ apples & b>ley-wat]40 ,8 ineffectual escapade _h t]m9at$ ) an attack ( illness at ,wapp+1 :i!r ,alex&] ,h]s*el1 on le>n+ h[ matt]s /ood1 _h po/$ (f to take him 9 *>ge & wat* 8 recov]y4 ,musical occupation 0 easily procur$ = him at ,ba?1 s9ce he 0 an accompli%$ viol9i/--_h1 inde$1 />t$ on 8 unprosp]\s c>e] 9 ! guise ( an infant prodigy2 b he ?rew x up 9 #aggi & drift$ back to ,hanov]1 m>ri$ a ,miss ,reif1 & settl$ d[n to live out a fairly long t]m ( %iftless1 albeit h>mless1 exi/5ce4 ,9 #aggf ,william ,h]s*el succe$$ ,?omas ,l9ley1 ,%]idan's fa!r-9-law1 z ,director ( ! ,public ,conc]ts at ,ba?4 ,8 duties 9 ?is capacity1 :ile ! season la/$1 7 mo/ on]\s4 ,he _h to engage p]=m]s1 to appease discont5ts1 to supply casual failures1 to write glees & cat*es expressly adapt$ to ! voices ( 8 executants1 frequ5tly to come =w>d himself z a soloi/ on ! hautboy or ! h>psi*ord4 ,! s]vices ( 8 bro!r ,alex&]1 a r5[n$ violoncelli/1 & ( 8 si/]1 by ?is "t an excell5t s+]1 7 n[ invaluable to him4 ,nor = musical purposes solely4 ,! vision ( ! skies 0 nev] lo/ sight (1 & ! /ruggle to realise x 9 conjunction ) 8 sympa!tic help]s absorb$ e remnant ( "t4 ,at meals ! only topics ( conv]sation 7 me*anical devices = improv+ success & av]t+ failure4 ,william ate ) a p5cil 9 8 h&1 & a project 9 8 head4 ,betwe5 ! acts at ! !atre1 he might be se5 runn+ f ! h>psi*ord to 8 telescope4 ,aft] a rehe>sal or a morn+ p]=mance1 he w\ld da% (f to ! work%op 9 p]iwig & lace ruffles1 & leave x b too (t5 ) ^? delicate adjuncts to 8 attire torn & pit*-bespatt]$4 ,accid5ts1 too1 m5ac+ life & limb1 7 a consequ5ce ( t 8uncommon precipitancy :i* accompani$ all 8 actions20 b he escap$ intact1 save = ! loss ( a f+]-nail4 ,8 introduction to ! le>n$ _w ( ,ba? 0 ?us describ$ by himself3-- 8,ab\t ! latt] end ( ,decemb]1 #aggi1 ,i happ5$ to be engag$ 9 a s]ies ( obs]vations on ! lun> m\nta9s2 & ! moon be+ 9 front ( my h\se1 late 9 ! ev5+ ,i br\ght my sev5-feet reflector into ! /reet1 & direct$ x to ! object ( my obs]vations4 ,:il/ ,i 0 look+ into ! telescope1 a g5tleman1 com+ by ! place :]e ,i 0 /ation$1 /opp$ to look at ! in/rum5t4 ,:5 ,i took my eye (f ! telescope1 he v politely ask$ if he might be p]mitt$ to look 91 & ?is be+ imm$iately conc$$1 he express$ great satisfaction at ! view40 ,! inquisitive /rang] call$ next morn+1 & prov$ to be ,dr4 7lat] ,sir ,william7 ,watson4 ,he =m$ on ! spot an unalt]able fri5d%ip = ! moon-/ruck musician1 & introduc$ him to a ,philosophical ,society :i* held its meet+s at 8 fa!r's h\se4 ,h]s*el's e>lie/ essays 7 read be=e x1 b !y rema9$ unpubli%$4 ,8 fir/ pr9t$ composition appe>$ 9 ! 8,ladies' ,di>y0 = #aghj4 ,x 0 an answ] to a prize "q on ! vibration ( /r+s4 ,! long s]ies ( 8 communications to ! ,royal ,society ( ,london op5$ ,may #aa?1 #aghj1 ) a discussion ( 8 obs]vations1 begun 9 ,octob]1 #aggg1 ( ,mira1 ! v>iable /> 9 ! neck ( ! ,:ale4 ,z to ! !ory ( its *anges1 he agre$ ) ,keill t !y c\ld be/ be expla9$ by suppos+ rotation on an axis to br+ a lucid side & a side obscur$ by spots alt]nately into view4 ,a second pap] by him on ! ,m\nta9s ( ! ,moon 0 read on ! same day4 ,he measur$1 9 all1 ab\t "o hundr$ ( ^! peaks & crat]s4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #agha1 !re came an essay /amp$ ) ! peculi> impress ( 8 g5ius1 entitl$ 8,a/ronomical ,obs]vations on ! ,rotation ( ! ,planets r\nd _! ,axes1 made ) a view to det]m9e :e!r ! e>?'s diurnal motion is p]fectly equable40 ,x embodi$ an attempt to apply a def9ite crit]ion to ! "t-keep+ ( our planet4 ,b ! prospect is exce$+ly remote ( rat+ "o planet-clock by ! o!r4 ,h]s*el's me?ods ( inquiry are1 h[ev]1 aptly illu/rat$ 9 ?is curi\sly orig9al pap]4 ,8 speculations always invit$ ! control ( facts4 ,if facts 7 n at h&1 he tri$ someh[ to collect !m4 ,! untrammell$ play ( fancy 0 no m to 8 m9d ?an x 0 to ,newton's4 ,8 ard5t sci5tific imag9ation 0 ?us1 by ! sobriety ( 8 reason1 effectively enli/$ 9 ! cause ( progress4 ,h]s*el began 9 #aghj 8 second review ( ! heav5s1 us+ a sev5-foot ,newtonian1 ( #f in*es ap]ture1 ) a magnify+ p[] ( #bbg4 8,= di/9ctness ( vision10 he said1 8?is in/rum5t is1 p]haps1 equal to any t 0 ev] made40 ,8 praise 0 amply ju/ifi$4 ,z he work$ 8 way ) x ?r\gh ! con/ellation ,gem9i1 on ! night ( ,m>* #ac?1 #agha1 an unprec$5t$ ev5t occurr$4 8,a new planet swam into 8 k540 ,he did n recognise x z su*4 ,he c\ld only be c]ta9 t x 0 n a fix$ />4 ,8 ke5 eye1 arm$ ) a p]fect telescope1 disc]n$ at once t ! object _h a disc2 & ! application ( high] p[]s %[$ ! disc to be a sub/antial reality4 ,! /ell> 8pat9es ( bright gold0 w n /& ?is te/4 ,be+ ( purely optical production1 !y ga9 no?+ by magnification4 ,at t epo* new planets _h n yet begun to be f\nd by ! doz54 ,five1 besides ! e>?1 _h be5 kn[n f ! remote/ antiquity4 ,five1 & no m1 seem$ to h a prescriptive "r to exi/4 ,! b\nd>ies ( ! sol> sy/em 7 ( immemorial e/abli%m5t4 ,x 0 sc>cely conceivable t !y %\ld ne$ to be enl>g$4 ,! notion did n occur to ,h]s*el4 ,8 discov]y 0 mode/ly imp>t$ to ! ,royal ,society z 8,an ,acc\nt ( a ,comet40 ,he _h1 inde$1 notic$ t ! suppos$ comet mov$ 9 planet>y fa%ion f we/ to ea/1 & v ne> ! ecliptic2 &1 aft] a few mon?s1 its true nature 0 virtually prov$ by ,lexell ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,on ,novemb] #bh?1 ,h]s*el measur$1 ) 8 fre%ly-inv5t$ 8lamp-micromet]10 ! diamet] ( ?is 8s+ul> />20 & x 0 n until a ye> lat]1 ,novemb] #g?1 #aghb1 t he felt suffici5tly sure ( its planet>y /atus to ex]cise 8 "r ( giv+ x a "n4 ,yet ?is1 9 ! long run1 he fail$ to accompli%4 ,! appellation 8,georgium ,sidus10 be/[$ 9 hon\r ( 8 patron1 ,george ,,iii41 nev] cross$ ! ,*annel1 & has long s9ce gone out ( fa%ion among/ ourselves4 ,lal&e tri$ to get ! new planet call$ 8,h]s*el20 b ! title 8,uranus10 propos$ by ,bode1 ( ,b]l91 0 ! 8fitte/10 & surviv$4 ,?is discov]y made ! turn+-po9t ( ,h]s*el's c>e]4 ,x trans=m$ him f a music-ma/] into an a/ronom]4 ,)\t x 8 va/ abilities w\ld probably h be5 9 great measure wa/$4 ,no man c\ld long h borne ! /ra9 ( s ardu\s a d\ble life z he 0 !n lead+4 ,relief f x came j 9 "t4 ,x is true t fame1 be+ (t5 m ( a h9drance ?an a help1 br\ght emb>rassm5ts 9 its tra94 ,9 ,novemb]1 #agha1 ,h]s*el 0 compell$ to break ! complex web ( 8 engagem5ts at ,ba? by a j\rney to ,london = ! purpose ( receiv+ 9 p]son ! ,copley ,m$al aw>d$ to him by ! ,royal ,society1 ( :i* body he 01 "s days lat]1 elect$ a ,fell[4 ,at home1 he 0 p]secut$ by admir]s2 & !y 7 inv>iably receiv$ ) an easy suavity ( mann] t gave no h9t ( preoccupation4 ,ev]yone ( sci5tific pret5sion :o visit$ ,ba? s\ght an int]view ) ! extraord9>y man :o1 by way ( int]lude to press+ duties1 _h built telescopes ( unhe>d-( p[]1 & p]=m$ ! />tl+ feat ( add+ a prim>y memb] to ! sol> sy/em4 ,among ! few ( ^! call]s ^: names h be5 pres]v$ 7 ,sir ,h>ry ,englefield1 ,sir ,*>les ,blagd51 & ,dr4 ,maskelyne1 !n1 & = ?irty ye>s aft]w>ds1 ,a/ronom]-,royal4 8,) ! latt]10 ,miss ,h]s*el relates1 8he 7,william7 0 engag$ 9 a long conv]sation :i* to me s\nd$ l qu>rell+1 & ! fir/ words my bro!r said aft] he 0 gone 71 #8,t is a devil ( a fell[6'0 ,! phrase 0 d\btless meant z a sign ( reg>d1 = ! acqua9tance ?us begun rip5$ into cordial intimacy4 ,& ,william ,h]s*el nev] lo/ or =got a fri5d4 ,z reg>ds music alone1 ! w9t] ( #agha-hb 0 an exceptionally busy "o4 ,he _h arrang$ to conduct1 jo9tly ) ,rauzz9i1 a ,roman s+] & compos]1 a s]ies ( oratorios2 und]tak+1 besides1 pecuni>y responsibilities :i* turn$ out little to 8 advantage4 ,! lab\r1 vexation1 & disappo9tm5t involv$ 9 c>ry+ out ?is unlucky plan c readily be imag9$4 ,b nei!r ! pressure ( bus9ess1 nor ! di/ractions ( celebrity1 *eck$ ! ard\r ( 8 sci5tific advance4 ,! review :i* af=d$ him ! discov]y ( ,uranus1 & ! mat]ials = 8 fir/ catalogue ( #bfi d\ble />s1 0 complet$ 9 #agha2 & a ?ird1 made ) ! same beautiful in/rum5t1 be>+ ! high magnify+ p[] ( #dfj1 0 promptly begun4 ,?is _h = "o ( its special objects ! asc]ta9m5t ( possible *anges 9 ! heav5s s9ce ,flam/e$'s "t2 & 9 ! c\rse ( x _m ?\s&s ( />s came "u scrut9y1 direct$ to asc]ta9 _! magnitude & col\r1 s+l5ess or duplicity1 hazy or def9$ aspect4 ,! fir/ ( ,h]s*el's effective tw5ty-foot telescopes 0 erect$ at #ai1 ,new ,k+ ,/reet1 9 ! summ] ( #agha4 ,enclos+ a mirror twelve in*es 9 diamet]1 x f> surpass$ any see+-ma*9e t _h ev] exi/$ 9 ! _w4 ,yet its mak] reg>d$ x z only m>k+ a /ep 9 8 upw>d progress4 ,a speculum ( ?irty-feet focus 0 ! next object ( 8 ambition4 ,= its a*ievem5t no am\nt ( ex]tion 0 c\nt$ too great4 ,its composition 0 regulat$ by fre% exp]im5ts on v>i\s alloys ( copp] & t94 ,its weight & %ape 7 aga9 & aga9 calculat$1 & ! me?ods appropriate to its production e>ne/ly discuss$4 8,i saw no?+ else10 ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el tells u1 8& he>d no?+ else talk$ ( b ^! ?+s :5 my bro!rs 7 toge!r40,b ,b ,9 borr[+ ,miss ,h]s*el's lively n>ratives & comm5ts1 "s obvi\s slips 9 gramm> & con/ruction h be5 correct$4 ,quotations1 too1 f ! writ+s ( ,sir ,william & ,sir ,john ,h]s*el are (t5 slightly abridg$4 8,! mirror10 %e cont9ues1 80 to be ca/ 9 a m\ld ( loam prep>$ f horse-dung1 ( :i* an imm5se quantity 0 to be p\nd$ 9 a mort> & sift$ ?r\gh a f9e sieve4 ,x 0 an endless piece ( "w1 & s]v$ me = _m an h\r's ex]cise2 & ,alex frequ5tly took 8 turn at x1 = we 7 all eag] to d some?+ t[>ds ! great und]tak+4 ,ev5 ,sir ,william ,watson w\ld sometimes take ! pe/le f me :5 he f\nd me 9 ! "w-room40 ,! matt] 0 nev] out ( ! ma/]'s ?\ghts4 8,if a m9ute c\ld b be sp>$ 9 go+ f "o s*ol> to ano!r1 or giv+ "o ! slip1 he call$ at home to see h[ ! m5 w5t on ) ! furnace1 :i* 0 built 9 a room bel[1 ev5 ) ! g>d540 ,at la/1 ! conc]t season be+ ov]1 & ev]y?+ 9 read9ess = ! op]ation ( ca/+1 8! metal10 we he> f ! same deeply-int]e/$ eyewitness1 80 9 ! furnace2 b1 un=tunately1 x began to leak at ! mom5t :5 ready = p\r+1 & bo? my bro!rs1 & ! ca/] ) 8 m51 7 oblig$ to run out at opposite doors1 = ! /one floor+1 :i* ought to h be5 tak5 up1 flew ab\t 9 all directions1 z high z ! ceil+4 ,my poor bro!r ,william fell1 exhau/$ ) heat & ex]tion1 on a heap ( brickbats4 ,be=e ! second ca/+ 0 attempt$1 ev]y?+ :i* c\ld ensure success _h be5 att5d$ to1 & a v p]fect metal 0 f\nd 9 ! m\ld1 :i* _h crack$ 9 ! cool+40 ,?is second failure t]m9at$ ! ent]prise4 ,n t x 0 ab&on$ z hopeless1 b because ( a total *ange 9 ! curr5t ( affairs4 ,h]s*el's fame _h /irr$ ! royal curiosity1 & rum\rs _h n[ & aga9 rea*$ ,ba? t he 0 to be s5t = to c\rt4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aghb ! actual m&ate arriv$2 & on ,may #h?1 leav+ 8 pupils & 8 projects to %ift = !mselves1 he set out = ,london4 ,he c>ri$ ) him 8 fav\rite sev5-foot reflector1 & all ! app>atus necess>y = view+ d\ble />s & o!r objects ( int]e/4 ,on ,may #be? he wrote to 8 si/]3-- 8,i h _h an audi5ce ( ,8 ,maje/y ?is morn+1 & met ) a v graci\s reception4 ,i pres5t$ him ) ! draw+ ( ! sol> sy/em1 & _h ! hon\r ( expla9+ x to him & ! ,que54 ,my telescope is 9 ?ree weeks' "t to g to ,ri*mond1 & mean:ile to be put up at ,gre5wi*4444 ,tell ,alex&] t ev]y?+ looks v l z if ,i 7 to /ay "h4 ,! ,k+ enquir$ aft] him1 & aft] my great speculum4 ,he also gave me leave to come & he> ! ,griesba*s 7,h]s*el's nephews7 play at ! private conc]t :i* he has e ev5+4444 ,all my pap]s are pr9t+1 & are all[$ to be v valuable4 ,y see1 ,l9a1 ,i tell y all ^! ?+s4 ,y "k vanity is n my foible1 !re=e ,i ne$ n fe> y\r c5sure4 ,f>ewell40 ,8 next lett] is dat$ ,june #crd1 #aghb4 8,i pass my "t10 he in=m$ 8,l9a10 8betwe5 ,gre5wi* & ,london agreeably en\gh1 b am r at a loss = "w t ,i l4 ,company is n always pleas+1 & ,i w\ld mu* r be poli%+ a speculum4 ,la/ ,friday ,i 0 at ! ,k+'s conc]t to he> ,george play4 ,! ,k+ spoke to me z soon z he saw me1 & kept me 9 conv]sation = half an h\r4 ,he ask$ ,george to play a solo-conc]to on purpose t ,i might he> him4444 ,i am introduc$ to ! be/ company4 ,to-morr[ ,i d9e at ,"l ,palm]/on's1 next day ) ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 etc4 ,among opticians & a/ronom]s no?+ n[ is talk$ ( b :at !y call my great discov]ies4 ,alas6 ?is %[s h[ f> !y are beh9d1 :5 su* trifles z ,i h se5 & done are call$ great4 ,let me b get at x aga96 ,i w make su* telescopes & see su* ?+s--t is1 ,i w endeav\r to d s40 ,a comp>ison ( 8 telescope ) ^? at ! ,royal ,obs]vatory %[$ its /rik+ sup]iority1 al?\gh among !m 0 "o ( ,%ort's fam\s ,gregorians1 ( #i in*es ap]ture4 ,x _h ?us a reflect+ surface above twice t ( ,h]s*el's sev5-foot1 ! competition ) :i* 0 nev]!less s disa/r\s to its reputation t ,dr4 ,maskelyne fell q out ( conceit ) x1 & d\bt$ :e!r x des]v$ ! new /& con/ruct$ = x on ! model ( ,h]s*el's4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ^! sci5tific p>ticul>s1 we he> incid5tally t influ5za 0 !n s rife 9 ,london t 8h>dly "o s+le p]son0 escap$ an attack4 ,on ,july #bnd he made 8 fir/ appe>ance z %[man ( ! heav5s to royalty4 ,! sc5e ( ! display 0 ,buck+ham ,h\se 7n[ ,buck+ham ,palace74 8,x 0 a v f9e ev5+10 he wrote to 8 si/]4 8,my in/rum5t gave g5]al satisfaction4 ,! ,k+ has v good eyes1 & enjoys obs]vations ) telescopes exce$+ly40 ,next night1 ! ,k+ & ,que5 be+ abs5t at ,kew1 ! ,pr9cesses desir$ an exhibition4 ,b1 s9ce !y object$ to damp grass1 ! telescope1 ,h]s*el says1 80 mov$ into ! ,que5's ap>tm5ts1 & we wait$ "s "t 9 hopes ( see+ ,jupit] or ,saturn4 ,mean:ile ,i %[$ ! ,pr9cesses & sev]al o!r ladies ! speculum1 ! micromet]s1 ! movem5ts ( ! telescope1 & o!r ?+s t seem$ to excite _! curiosity4 ,:5 ! ev5+ appe>$ to be totally unpromis+1 ,i propos$ an artificial ,saturn z an object1 s9ce we c\ld n h ! real "o4 ,i _h be=eh& prep>$ ?is little piece1 z ,i guess$ by ! appe>ance ( ! wea!r 9 ! aft]noon we %\ld h no />s to look at4 ,?is be+ accept$ ) great pleasure1 ,i _h ! lamps light$ up1 :i* illum9at$ ! picture ( a ,saturn 7cut out 9 pa/ebo>d7 at ! bottom ( ! g>d5 wall4 ,! effect 0 f9e1 & s natural t ! be/ a/ronom] might h be5 deceiv$4 ,_! royal highnesses seem$ to be mu* pleas$ ) ! artifice40 ,f a some:at prolong$ conv]sation1 he judg$ !m to be 8extremely well in/ruct$10 & 8mo/ amiable *>act]s40 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ,h]s*el receiv$ ! appo9tm5t ( royal a/ronom]1 ) ! mode/ sal>y ( #bjj a ye>4 8,nev]10 exclaim$ ,sir ,william ,watson on be+ made acqua9t$ ) its am\nt1 8b\ght mon>* hon\r s *eap60 ,! provision 0 assur$ly n munific5t2 yet x suffic$ to rescue a great man f subm]g5ce "u ! h>d necessities ( exi/5ce4 ,! (f] 0 critically tim$4 ,x 0 made precisely :5 tea*+ & conc]t-giv+ _h come to appe> an 8intol]able wa/e ( "t0 to "o fir$ ) a vision>y passion4 8,/\t ,cortes0 />+ at ! ,pacific1 ,ulysses />t+ f ,i?aca to 8sail beyond ! sunset10 7 n m eag] = exp]i5ce ( ! ,unkn[n4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,k+',s ,,a/ronom]4 ,william ,h]s*el 0 n[ an app5dage to ! c\rt ( ,george ,,iii4 ,he _h to live ne> ,w9dsor1 & a l>ge dilapidat$ h\se on ,dat*et ,common 0 secur$ z likely to meet 8 unusual requirem5ts4 ,! 8flitt+0 took place ,augu/ #a1 #aghb4 ,william 0 9 ! highe/ spirits4 ,!re 7 /ables available = workrooms & furnaces2 a spaci\s laundry t c\ld be turn$ into a libr>y2 a f9e lawn = ! accommodation ( ! great reflector4 ,crumbl+ walls & holes 9 ! ro( gave him little or no conc]n2 & if but*]'s meat 0 appall+ly de> 7z 8 si/] lam5t$7 ! family c\ld live on bacon & eggs6 ,9 ?is sunny _s he ent]$ ^u ! c>e] ( untold possibilities t lay be=e him4 ,nev]!less ! ,k+'s a/ronom] did n f9d x all pla9 sail+4 ,8 prim>y duty 0 to gratify ! royal ta/e = a/ronomy1 & ?is involv$ no trifl+ exp5diture ( "t & toil4 ,! transport ( ! sev5-foot to ! ,que5's lodge c\ld be manag$ 9 ! daylight1 b its return-j\rney 9 ! d>k1 aft] ! conclusion ( ! cele/ial r>ee-%[1 0 an exp5sive & a risky bus9ess2 yet fet*$ back x %\ld be unless a cle> night 7 to be wa/$--a ?+ n possible to contemplate4 ,?is k9d ( att5dance 01 h[ev]1 consid]ately disp5s$ ) :5 its tr\blesome nature came to be fully und]/ood4 ,h]s*el's treatm5t by ,george ,,iii4 has (t5 be5 condemn$ z selfi% & nigg>dly2 b ) scant ju/ice4 ,9 "s respects1 no d\bt1 x might advantage\sly h be5 modifi$4 ,/ill1 ! fact rema9s t ! a/ronom] ( ,sl\gh 0 ! gift to sci5ce ( ! poor mad ,k+4 ,f no o!r cr[n$ head has x ev] receiv$ s incomp>able an end[m5t4 ,h]s*el's sal>y 0 und5iably small4 ,x gave him ! means ( liv+1 b n ( obs]v+1 z he propos$ to obs]ve4 ,if ! improvem5t ( telescopes 7 to be 8c>ri$ to its utmo/ limit10 additional funds mu/ be rais$4 ,)\t an ample supply ( ! 8s9ews ( w>10 fre% campaigns ( exploration 7 out ( ! "q4 ,!re 0 "o obvi\s way 9 :i* !y c\ld be provid$4 ,h]s*el's fame z an optician 0 spread ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,8 telescopes 7 want$ ev]y:]e1 b c\ld be _h f himself alone2 = ! me?ods by :i* he wr\ght specula to a p]fect figure are ev5 n[ undivulg$4 ,!y con/itut$1 !re=e1 a s\rce ( pr(it ^u :i* he c\ld draw to almo/ any ext5t4 ,he appli$ himself1 accord+ly1 to make telescopes = sale4 ,!y br\ght 9 l>ge sums4 ,six hundr$ gu9eas a-piece 7 paid to him by ! ,k+ = f\r t5-foot reflectors2 he receiv$ at a lat] date #c1aej = a tw5ty-five foot1 s5t to ,spa92 & 9 #ahad #b1caj f ,luci5 ,bonap>te = two small] in/rum5ts4 ,! regul> scale ( prices 7lat] consid]ably r$uc$7 began ) #bjj gu9eas = a sev5-foot1 & m\nt$ to #b1ejj = a tw5ty-foot2 & ! commissions execut$ 7 innum]able4 ,b ,h]s*el did n come into ! _w to drive a lucrative trade4 ,x 0 und]tak51 n = itself1 b = :at 0 to come ( x2 yet !re 0 dang] le/ ! end %\ld be indef9itely po/pon$ 9 ! endeav\r to secure ! means4 8,x seem$ to be suppos$10 ,miss ,h]s*el rem>k$1 8t en\gh _h be5 done :5 my bro!r 0 enabl$ to leave 8 pr(ession t he might h "t to make & sell telescopes4 ,b all ?is 0 only ret>d+ ! "w ( a ?irty or =ty-foot in/rum5t1 :i* x 0 8 *ief object to obta9 z soon z possible2 = he 0 !n on ! wrong side ( =ty-five1 & felt h[ great an inju/ice he w\ld be do+ to himself & ! cause ( a/ronomy by giv+ up 8 "t to mak+ telescopes = o!r obs]v]s40 ,?is he 01 =tunately1 n long oblig$ to d4 ,a royal grant ( #b1jjj = ! con/ruction ( ! design$ giant telescope1 foll[$ by ano!r ( equal am\nt1 toge!r ) an annual all[ance ( #bjj = its repairs1 remov$ ! la/ ob/acle to 8 success4 ,! wide di/ribution ( fir/-class in/rum5ts might1 inde$1 h be5 ?\ght to promise m = ! advancem5t ( a/ronomy ?an ! lab\rs ( a s+le individual4 ,no mi/ake c\ld be great]4 ,n an obs]vation wor? m5tion+ 0 made ) any ( ! num]\s in/rum5ts s5t out f ,dat*et or ,sl\gh1 save only ^? acquir$ by ,s*rt] & ,pond4 ,! re/ ei!r ru/$ idly1 or 7 employ$ ineffectually1 aptly illu/rat+ ! say+ t 8! man at ! eye-end0 is ! truly ess5tial "p ( a telescope4 ,no "o knew ?is bett] ?an ,h]s*el4 ,e s]5e d>k night 0 to him a preci\s opportunity avail$ ( to ! la/ m9ute4 ,! !rmomet] might desc5d bel[ z]o1 ink might freeze1 mirrors might crack2 b1 provid$ ! />s %one1 he & 8 si/] work$ on f dusk to dawn4 ,9 ?is way1 8 8?ird review10 begun at ,ba?1 0 f9i%$ 9 ! spr+ ( #aghc4 ,! swiftness ) :i* x 0 conduct$ impli$ no want ( ?or\ghness4 8,_m a night10 he /ates1 89 ! c\rse ( elev5 or twelve h\rs ( obs]vation1 ,i h c>efully & s+ly exam9$ n less ?an #djj cele/ial objects1 besides tak+ measures1 & sometimes view+ a p>ticul> /> = half an h\r toge!r1 ) all ! v>i\s p[]s40 ,! assiduity appe>s well-nigh incr$ible ) :i* he ga!r$ 9 an abundant h>ve/ ( nebul & d\ble />s2 8 elaborate pap]s1 brimful ( inv5tion & exp]i5ce1 be+ writt5 by day1 or dur+ nights unpropiti\s = />-gaz+4 ,on "o occasion he is said to h work$ )\t int]mission at ! telescope & ! desk = sev5ty-two h\rs1 & !n slept unbrok5ly = tw5ty-six h\rs4 ,8 in/rum5ts 7 nev] all[$ to rema9 disabl$4 ,!y 7 kept1 l himself1 on ! al]t4 ,relays ( specula 7 provid$1 & "o 0 9 no case remov$ f ! tube = re-poli%+1 unless ano!r 0 ready to take its place4 ,ev5 ! meet+s ( ! ,royal ,society 7 att5d$ only :5 moonlight effac$ ! delicate objects ( 8 p>ticul> se>*4 ,! summ] ( #aghh 0 sp5t 9 gett+ ready ! f9e/ telescope ,h]s*el _h yet employ$4 ,x 0 call$ ! 8l>ge tw5ty-foot0 because ( ! size ( its speculum1 :i* 0 ne>ly n9ete5 in*es 9 diamet]2 & ) its pot5t help he execut$ 8 f\r? & la/ cele/ial survey4 ,8 impati5ce to beg9 l$ him into p]il\s situations4 8,my bro!r10 says ,miss ,h]s*el1 8began 8 s]ies ( sweeps :5 ! in/rum5t 0 yet 9 a v unf9i%$ /ate2 & my feel+s 7 n v com=table :5 e mom5t ,i 0 al>m$ by a crack or fall1 kn[+ him to be elevat$ fifte5 feet or m on a tempor>y cross-beam in/ead ( a safe gall]y4 ,! ladd]s _h n ev5 _! braces at ! bottom2 & "o night1 9 a v high w9d1 he _h h>dly t\*$ ! gr\nd be=e ! :ole app>atus came d[n4 ,"s lab\r+ m5 7 call$ up to help 9 extricat+ ! mirror1 :i* 0 =tunately un9jur$1 b mu* "w 0 cut out = c>p5t]s next day40 ,9 ! foll[+ ,m>*1 he himself wrote to ,patrick ,wilson1 ( ,glasg[1 son ( ,dr4 ,alex&] ,wilson1 ! well-kn[n pr(essor ( a/ronomy3--8,i h f9i%$ a second speculum to my new tw5ty-foot1 v mu* sup]ior to ! fir/1 & am n[ review+ ! heav5s ) x4 ,?is w be a "w ( "s ye>s2 b x is to me s f> f labori\s t x is att5d$ ) ! utmo/ delight40 ,he1 nev]!less1 look$ ^u telescopes z 8yet 9 _! infant /ate40 ,! ru9\s mansion at ,dat*et hav+ become un9habitable1 ev5 by a/ronom]s1 _! e/abli%m5t 0 %ift$1 9 ,june1 #aghe1 to ,clay ,hall1 ne> ,old ,w9dsor4 ,"h ! long-?\ght-( =ty-foot 0 begun1 b 0 n de/9$ to be f9i%$4 ,a litigi\s l&lady int]v5$4 ,! next move1 h[ev]1 prov$ to be ! la/4 ,x 0 to a commodi\s resid5ce at ,sl\gh1 n[ call$ 8,obs]vatory ,h\se0--8le lieu du monde10 wrote ,arago1 8o il a t fait le plus de dc\v]tes40 ,?i!r1 )\t ! loss ( an h\r1 9 ,april1 #aghf1 ! ma*9]y & app>atus collect$ at ,clay ,hall 7 transport$4 ,yet1 8amid/ all ?is hurry+ bus9ess10 ,c>ol9e rememb]$ 8t e mom5t aft] daylight 0 allott$ to obs]v+4 ,! la/ night at ,clay ,hall 0 sp5t 9 sweep+ till daylight1 & by ! next ev5+ ! telescope /ood ready = obs]vation at ,sl\gh40 ,dur+ ! ensu+ ?ree mon?s1 ?irty to =ty workm5 7 con/antly employ$1 8"s 9 fell+ & root+ out trees1 "s 9 digg+ & prep>+ ! gr\nd = ! bricklay]s :o 7 lay+ ! f\ndation = ! telescope40 8,a :ole troop ( lab\r]s0 71 besides1 engag$ 9 r$uc+ 8! iron tools to a prop] %ape = ! mirror to be gr\nd ^u40 ,?us1 ea* morn+1 :5 dawn compell$ ,h]s*el to desi/ f obs]vation1 he f\nd a bevy ( p await+ in/ructions ( all sorts f him4 8,if x _h n be510 8 si/] says1 8= ! int]v5tion ( a cl\dy or moonlit night1 ,i "k n :5 he1 or ,i ei!r1 %\ld h got any sleep40 ,! wa%-h\se 0 turn$ into a =ge = ! manufacture ( specially design$ tools2 heavy articles ca/ 9 ,london 7 br\ght by wat] to ,w9dsor2 ! libr>y 0 s encumb]$ ) /ores1 models1 & implem5ts1 t 8no room = a desk or an atlas rema9$40 ,on ,july #crd1 #aghf1 ,h]s*el1 accompani$ by 8 bro!r ,alex&]1 />t$ = ,gtt+51 commission$ by ! ,k+ to pres5t to ! ,univ]sity "o ( ! t5-foot reflectors pur*as$ f him4 ,he 0 elect$ a ,memb] ( ! ,royal ,society ( ,gtt+51 & sp5t ?ree weeks at ,hanov] ) 8 ag$ "m1 :om he nev] saw aga94 ,dur+ 8 abs5ce1 h[ev]1 ! =ty-foot progress$ 9 accordance ) ! directions he _h tak5 c>e to leave beh9d4 ,he tru/$ no?+ to *ance4 8,!re is n "o screwbolt10 8 si/] ass]t$1 8ab\t ! :ole app>atus b :at 0 fix$ "u ! imm$iate eye ( my bro!r4 ,i h se5 him lie /ret*$ _m an h\r 9 a burn+ sun1 across ! top beam1 :il/ ! iron-"w = ! v>i\s motions 0 be+ fix$4 ,at "o "t no less ?an tw5ty-f\r m5 7twelve & twelve reliev+ ea* o!r7 kept poli%+ day & night2 my bro!r1 ( c\rse1 nev] leav+ !m all ! :ile1 tak+ 8 food )\t all[+ himself "t to sit d[n to table40 ,at ?is /age ( ! und]tak+ x became ! fa%ion ) visitors to use ! empty tube z a prom5ade4 ,dr4 & ,miss ,burney call$1 9 ,july1 #aghf1 8to see1 & take a walk ?r\gh ! imm5se new telescope40 8,x held me q upright10 ! au?oress ( 8,evel9a0 relat$1 8& )\t ! lea/ inconv5i5ce2 s w\ld x h done _h ,i be5 dress$ 9 fea!rs & a bell-hoop40 ,george ,,iii4 & ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury foll[$ ! g5]al example2 & ! prelate be+ incommod$ by ! d>kness & ! unc]ta9 foot+1 ! ,k+1 :o 0 9 front1 turn$ back to help him1 say+3 8,come1 my "l bi%op1 ,i w %[ y ! way to heav540 ,on ano!r occasion 8,god save ! ,k+0 0 sung & play$ )9 ! tube by a l>ge body ( musicians2 & ! rum\r w5t abroad t x _h be5 turn$ into a ball-room6 ,! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d conf]r$ ^u ,h]s*el1 9 #aghf1 an honor>y degree ( ,,ll4,d42 b he c>$ little = su* di/9ctions4 ,miss ,burney *>act]is$ him z a 8man )\t a wi% t has its object 9 ! t]re/rial globe20 ! ,k+ _h 8n a happi] subject40 ,! royal b\nty1 %e w5t on 8enables him to put into execution all 8 wond]ful projects1 f :i* 8 expectations ( future discov]ies are s sangu9e z to make 8 pres5t exi/5ce a /ate ( almo/ p]fect enjoym5t40 ,nor 0 x possible to 8admire 8 g5ius m ?an 8 g5tl5ess40 ,aga91 aft] tak+ tea 9 8 company 9 ! ,que5's lodge3 8?is v extraord9>y man has n m fame to awak5 curiosity ?an s5se & mode/y to gratify x4 ,he is p]fectly unassum+1 yet op5ly happy2 & happy 9 ! success ( ^? /udies :i* w\ld r5d] a m9d less excell5tly =m$ presumptu\s & arrogant40 ,mrs4 ,pap5dick1 ano!r c\rt *ronicl]1 says t 8he 0 fasc9at+ 9 8 mann]1 & possess$ a natural polit5ess1 & ! abilities ( a sup]ior nature40 ,8 great telescope took rank1 be=e & aft] its completion1 z ! *ief sci5tific wond] ( ! age4 ,sl\gh 0 cr[d$ ) sightse]s4 ,all ! ruck ( ,gr& ,dukes & ,s]5e ,highnesses f abroad1 besides royal1 noble1 & g5tle folk at home1 flock$ to gaze at x & int]rogate its mak] ) ignorant or intellig5t wond]4 ,! ,pr9ce ( ,orange 0 a p>ticul>ly lively inquir]4 ,on "o ( 8 calls at ,sl\gh1 ab\t t5 ye>s aft] ! erection ( ! =ty-foot1 f9d+ ! h\se vacant1 he left a memor&um ask+ if x 7 true1 z ! newspap]s report$1 t 8,mr4 ,h]s*el _h discov]$ a new /> ^: light 0 n z t ( ! common />s1 b ) swall[-tails1 z />s 9 embroid]y806 ,pilgrim-a/ronom]s came1 too--,cass9i1 ,lal&e1 ,m*a9 & ,leg5dre f ,p>is1 ,oriani f ,milan1 ,piazzi f ,pal]mo4 ,sniadecki1 director ( ! obs]vatory ( ,crac[1 8took lodg+s10 ,miss ,h]s*el relates1 89 ,sl\gh1 = ! purpose ( see+ & he>+ my bro!r :5ev] he c\ld f9d him at leisure4 ,he 0 a v sil5t man40 ,"o _c help fe>+ t he 0 also a v great bore4 ,von ,magellan1 ano!r em95t =eign a/ronom]1 communicat$ to ,bode an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ,h]s*el's me?ods ( obs]vation4 ,! multitude ( entries 9 8 books a/oni%$ him4 ,9 sweep+1 he report$1 8he lets ea* /> pass at lea/ ?ree times ?r\gh ! field ( 8 telescope1 s t x is impossible t any?+ c escape him40 ,! !rmomet] 9 ! g>d5 /ood t night1 ,janu>y #f?1 #aghe1 at #ac deg4 ,fahr5heit2 b ! royal a/ronom]1 8 visitor rem>k$1 8has an excell5t con/itution1 & ?9ks ab\t no?+ else 9 ! _w b ! cele/ial bodies40 ,9 ,janu>y1 #aghg1 ,h]s*el made trial ) 8 tw5ty-foot reflector ( ! 8front-view0 plan ( con/ruction1 sugge/$ by ,lemaire 9 #agcb1 b nev] be=e practically te/$4 ,all t _h to be done 0 to remove ! small mirror1 & slightly tilt ! l>ge "o4 ,! image 0 !n =m$ close to ! upp] m>g9 ( ! tube1 into :i* ! obs]v]1 turn+ 8 back to ! heav5s1 look$ d[n4 ,! purpose ( ! arrangem5t 0 to save ! light lo/ 9 ! second reflection2 & its advantage 0 at once illu/rat$ by ! discov]y ( two ,uranian moons--"o 7,titania7 circl+ r\nd its prim>y 9 ab\t #h h\rs1 ! o!r 7,ob]on7 9 #ac h\rs4 ,9 ord] to assure ^! conclusions1 he made a sket* be=eh& ( :at ought to be se5 on ,febru>y #aj?2 & on t night1 to 8 int5se satisfaction1 8! heav5s10 z he in=m$ ! ,royal ,society1 8display$ ! orig9al ( my draw+ by %[+1 9 ! situation ,i _h del9eat$ !m1 ! ,georgian planet att5d$ by two satellites4 ,i confess t ?is sc5e appe>$ to me ) additional beauty1 ! little second>y planets seem+ to give a dignity to ! prim>y "o :i* raises x into a m conspicu\s situation among ! great bodies ( our sol> sy/em40 ,?is brilliant result det]m9$ him to make a 8front-view0 ( ! =ty-foot4 ,its advance t[>ds completion 0 n )\t vicissitudes4 ,! fir/ speculum1 :5 put into ! tube1 ,febru>y #ai? #aghg1 0 f\nd too ?9 to ma9ta9 its %ape4 ,a second1 ca/ e>ly 9 #aghh1 crack$ 9 cool+4 ,! same metal hav+ be5 reca/ ,febru>y #af?1 ! arti/ tri$ x ^u ,saturn 9 ,octob]2 b ! effect disappo9t+ 8 expectation1 he wr\ght at x = t5 mon?s long]4 ,at la/1 aft] a few days' poli%+ ) 8 new ma*9e1 he turn$ ! great speculum t[>ds ,w9dsor ,ca/le2 :5 its high quality became at once manife/4 ,& su* 0 8 impati5ce to make ) x a crucial exp]im5t1 t--z he told ,sir ,joseph ,banks--he direct$ x to ! heav5s 7,augu/ #bh?1 #aghi7 be=e x _h half come to its prop] lu/re4 ,! />s came out well1 & no soon] _h he got hold ( ,saturn ?an a six? satellite /ood reveal$ to view6 ,its 8y\ng] bro!r0 0 detect$ ,septemb] #ag?2 & ! two c\ld be se51 on fav\rable opportunities1 ?read+ _! way1 l beads ( light1 along ! lucid l9e ( ! almo/ vani%$ r+4 ,h]s*el nam$ !m ,enceladus & ,mimas1 & f\nd1 on look+ up 8 =m] obs]vations ( ,saturn1 t ,enceladus1 ! ext]ior & bright] object1 _h be5 unmi/akably se5 ) ! tw5ty-foot1 ,augu/ #ai?1 #aghg4 ,mimas is a v delicate te/ ( in/rum5tal p]fection4 ,! mirror by :i* x 0 fir/ %[n measur$ ne>ly fifty in*es across1 & weigh$ #b1aah p\nds4 ,x 0 slung 9 a r+1 & ! %eet-iron tube 9 :i* x re/$ 0 ?irty-n9e & a-half feet long & f\r feet t5 in*es wide4 ,ladd]s fifty feet 9 l5g? gave access to a movable /age1 f :i* ! obs]v] communicat$ ?r\gh speak+ tubes ) 8 assi/ants4 ,! :ole erection /ood on a revolv+ plat=m2 = ! mod]n equatorial =m ( m\nt1 by :i* ! diurnal c\rse ( ! heav5s is automatically foll[$1 0 n !n practically available1 & ! necess>y movem5ts _h to be imp>t$ by h&4 ,?is involv$ ! att5dance ( two workm51 b 0 o!rwise less inconv5i5t ?an might be suppos$1 ow+ to ! skill ) :i* ! requir$ me*anism 0 contriv$4 ,h]s*el e/imat$ t1 ) a magnify+-p[] ( #a1jjj1 ?is gr& in/rum5t c\ld1 9 ! climate ( ,engl&1 be effectively us$ dur+ no m ?an "o hundr$ h\rs ( e ye>4 ,a review ) x ( ! :ole heav5s w\ld h5ce h occupi$ eight c5turies4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 he f\nd ! opportunities = its employm5t sc>ce4 ,! ma*9e took "s "t to get />t$1 :ile ! tw5ty-foot 0 ready 9 t5 m9utes4 ,! speculum1 moreov]1 prov$ unpleasantly liable to become dew$ 9 moi/ wea!r1 or froz5 up 9 cold2 &1 9 spite ( all imag9able c>e1 x pres]v$ ! delicacy ( its poli% no m ?an two ye>s4 ,an economi/ ( m9utes1 su* z its mak]1 c\ld1 !n1 d no o!rwise ?an let ! giant telescope lie by unless its p[]s 7 expressly ne$$4 ,!y 7 surpris+ly effective4 8,) ! =ty-foot in/rum5t10 he report$ to ! ,royal ,society 9 #ahjj1 8! appe>ance ( ,sirius ann\nc$ itself at a great di/ance l ! dawn ( ! morn+1 till ?is brilliant /> at la/ ent]$ ! field1 ) all ! spl5d\r ( ! ris+ sun1 & =c$ me to take my eye f t beautiful sight40 ,:i*1 h[ev]1 left ! vision impair$ 9 delicacy = nigh ^u half-an-h\r4 ,?us ! results ga!r$ f ! realisation ( ,h]s*el's cr[n+ optical a*ievem5t fell va/ly %ort ( :at 8 imag9ation _h pictur$4 ,! promise ( ! telescope's initial disclosures 0 n realis$ 9 its subsequ5t c>e]4 ,yet x 0 a sup]b in/rum5t4 ,! discov]y ) x ( ,mimas gave c]ta9 pro( t ! figure ( ! speculum 0 z p]fect z its dim5sions 7 unusual4 ,b its !n inimitable def9ition probably fell (f lat]4 ,its 8broad bright eye0 01 = ! la/ "t1 turn$ t[>ds ! heav5s ,janu>y #ai?1 #ahaa1 :5 ! ,orion nebula %[$ its silv]y w+s to consid]able advantage4 ,b incurable dimness _h already set 9--incurable1 because ! arti/'s h& _h no long] ! /r5g? ne$$ to cure ! gr[+ malady4 ,! big ma*9e 01 h[ev]1 left /&+1 framework & all4 ,x figur$ z a l&m>k on ! ,ordnance ,survey ,map ( ,engl&2 &1 /amp$ 9 m9iature on ! seal ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 aptly s]ves to illu/rate its motto1 8,quicquid nitet not&um40 ,at la/1 on ,new ,ye>s ,eve1 #ahci1 ! timb]s ( ! scaffold+ be+ dang]\sly decay$1 x 01 ) due c]emony1 dism\nt$4 ,a 8,requiem10 compos$ by ,sir ,john ,h]s*el1 0 sung by 8 family1 f\rte5 9 numb]1 assembl$ )9 ! tube1 :i* 0 !n rivet$ up & laid horizontally on ?ree /one pi]s 9 ! g>d5 at ,sl\gh4 8,x looks v well 9 its new position10 ,sir ,john ?\ght4 ,yet x has some?+ ( a mem5to mori aspect4 ,x seems to rem9d "o t ! l(tie/ human aspirations are spr9kl$ 8) ! du/ ( dea?40 ,! speculum adorns ! hall ( ,obs]vatory ,h\se4 ,h]s*el m>ri$1 ,may #h?1 #aghh1 ,m>y1 ! only *ild ( ,mr4 ,james ,baldw91 a m]*ant 9 ! ,city ( ,london1 & wid[ ( ,mr4 ,john ,pitt4 ,%e 0 ?irty-eight & he fifty4 ,h] jo9ture reliev$ him f pecuni>y c>e1 & h] sweetness ( disposition secur$ 8 dome/ic happ9ess4 ,!y set up a curi\s d\ble e/abli%m5t1 tak+ a h\se at ,upton1 :ile reta9+ t at ,sl\gh4 ,two maids]vants 7 kept 9 ea*1 & a footman ma9ta9$ ! communications4 ,s at lea/ runs ,mrs4 ,pap5dick's gossip4 ,miss ,burney records 9 h] ,di>y a tea at ,mr4 ,de ,luc's1 :]e ,dr4 ,h]s*el accompani$ a pair ( vocali/s 8v sweetly on ! viol94 ,8 newly-m>ri$ wife 0 ) him1 & 8 si/]4 ,8 wife seems good-natur$2 %e 0 ri*1 too6 ,& a/ronom]s are z able z o!r m5 to disc]n t gold c glitt] z well z />s40 ,he 0 n[ at ! height ( prosp]ity & r5[n4 ,diplomas innum]able 7 %[]$ ^u him by ,academies & le>n$ societies4 ,9 a lett] to ,b5jam9 ,frankl91 he return$ ?anks = 8 election z a memb] ( ! ,am]ican ,philosophical ,society1 & acqua9t$ him ) 8 rec5t detection ( a pair ( att5dants on ! 8,georgian planet40 ,a simil> ackn[l$gm5t 0 address$ to ! ,pr9cess ,das*k(f1 ,directress ( ! ,pet]sburg ,academy ( ,sci5ces4 ,! ,k+ ( ,pol& s5t him 8 portrait2 ! ,empress ,ca!r9e ,,ii4 op5$ negotiations = ! pur*ase ( "s ( 8 specula1 ,luci5 ,bonap>te repair$ to ,sl\gh incognito2 ,joseph ,haydn snat*$ a day f ! turmoil ( 8 ,london engagem5ts to visit ! musician-a/ronom]1 & gaze at 8 mon/] telescopes4 ,by univ]sal agreem5t1 ,dr4 ,burney decl>$1 ,h]s*el 0 8"o ( ! mo/ pleas+ & well-br$ natural *>act]s ( ! day1 z well z ! greate/ a/ronom]40 ,!y _h mu* 9 common1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,burney's daught]4 ,bo? possess$ an uncommon 8suavity ( disposition02 bo? lov$ music2 & ,dr4 ,burney _h a 8passionate incl9ation = a/ronomy40 ,!y became fri5ds ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ,dr4 ,burney's v]sifi$ hi/ory ( t sci5ce4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #agig1 he call$ at ,sl\gh ) ! manuscript 9 8 valise4 8,! good s\l 0 at d9n]10 he relates2 &1 to 8 surprise1 s9ce he 0 ignorant ( ,h]s*el's m>riage1 ! company includ$ sev]al ladies1 besides 8a little boy40 ,he 01 no?+ lo?1 compell$ to /ay ov]-night2 discuss$ ) 8 ho/ ! plan ( 8 "w1 & read to him its eigh? *apt]4 ,h]s*el li/5$ ) int]e/1 & mode/ly own$ to hav+ le>nt mu* f :at he _h he>d2 b pres5tly dismay$ ! au?or by confess+ 8 8av]sion to poetry10 :i* he _h g5]ally reg>d$ z 8an arrangem5t ( f9e words )\t any adh]5ce to ! tru?40 ,he add$1 h[ev]1 t 8:5 tru? & sci5ce 7 unit$ to ^? f9e words10 !y no long] displeas$ him4 ,! read+s cont9u$ at int]vals1 alt]nately at ,sl\gh & ,*elsea1 to ! imm5se gratification ( ! copi\s v]sifi]1 :o occasionally all[$ 8 pleasure to ov]fl[ 9 8 correspond5ce4 8,well1 b ,h]s*el has be5 9 t[n10 he wrote f ,*elsea ,college1 ,decemb] #aj?1 #agih1 8= %ort spurts & back aga91 two or ?ree times1 & ,i h _h him "h two :ole days4 ,i read to him ! fir/ five books )\t any "o objection40 ,& aga92 8,he came1 & 8 good wife accompani$ him1 & ,i read f\r & a-half books2 & on p>t+1 /ill m humble ?an be=e1 or /ill m amiable1 he ?ank$ me = ! in/ruction & ent]ta9m5t ,i _h giv5 him4 ,:at say y to t8 ,c any?+ be gr&]80 ,9 spite ( 8 8av]sion10 ,h]s*el _h once1 & once only1 woo$ ! coy muse himself4 ,! fir/ ev5+ pap] t appe>$ 9 ,engl&1 ,may #crd1 #aghh1 conta9$ "s introductory quatra9s by him4 ,an excuse = ?is unwont$ outbur/ may be f\nd 9 ! circum/ance t ! %eet 9 :i* !y 7 pr9t$ bore ! "n ( ,! ,/>4 ,!y began ) ! int]rogation3 8,:at ,/> art ?\1 ab\t to gleam ,9 ,novelty's bright hemisph]e80 & cont9u$3 8,a ,planet wilt ?\ roll sublime1 ,spread+ l ,m]cury ?y rays8 ,or *ronicle ! lapse ( ,"t1 ,wrapp$ 9 a ,comet's ?reat5+ blaze80 ,t !y are ( ! s*oolboy ord] ne$ surprise no "o4 ,su* a m]e sip at ! 8,pi]ian spr+0 c\ld sc>cely br+ inspiration4 ,h]s*el's gr& survey ( ! heav5s clos$ ) 8 f\r? review4 ,8 telescopic /udies !reupon became specialis$4 ,! sun1 ! planets & _! satellites1 ! lately discov]$ a/]oids1 c]ta9 d\ble />s1 & an occasional comet1 9 turn receiv$ att5tion4 ,laboratory exp]im5ts 7 also c>ri$ on1 & discussions ( pr(\nd importance 7 laid be=e ! ,royal ,society4 ,all ?is co/ him b little ef=t4 ,! high t5sion ( 8 e>li] life 0 some:at relax$2 he all[$ himself int]vals ( re/1 & indulg$ 9 social & musical recreations4 ,conc]ts 7 n[ frequ5tly giv5 at 8 h\se2 & ! face ( beam+ delight ) :i* he presid$ ov] !m is /ill traditionally rememb]$4 ,visits to ,sir ,william ,watson at ,dawli% gave him opportunities1 o!rwise r>e1 = talks on metaphysical subjects2 & he /ay$ ) ,james ,watt at ,hea?field 9 #ahaj4 ,he _h be5 a witness on 8 side 9 an action = infr+em5t ( pat5t 9 #agic4 ,h]s*el r5t$ a h\se on ,sion ,hill1 ,ba?1 = "s mon?s ( ! ye> #agii2 & f "t to "t /ay$ ) fri5ds 9 ,london1 or s\ght *ange ( air at ,tunbridge ,wells1 ,brighton1 or ,ramsgate4 ,9 ,july1 #ahja1 he w5t to ,p>is ) 8 wife & son1 made acqua9tance ) ,laplace1 & _h an int]view ) ! ,fir/ ,consul4 ,x 0 curr5tly report$ t ,bonap>te _h a/oni%$ him by ! ext5t ( 8 a/ronomical le>n+2 b ! contr>y 0 ! tru?4 ,he _h tri$ to be impressive1 b fail$4 ,h]s*el gave an acc\nt ( :at pass$ to ! poet ,campbell1 :om he met at ,brighton 9 #ahac4 8,! ,fir/ ,consul10 he said1 8did surprise me by 8 quickness & v]satility on all subjects2 b 9 sci5ce he seem$ to "k little m ?an any well-educat$ g5tleman2 & ( a/ronomy mu* less1 = in/ance1 ?an our own k+4 ,8 g5]al air 0 some?+ l affect+ to "k m ?an he did "k40 ,h]s*el's election 9 #ahjb z "o ( ! eight =eign ,associates ( ! ,fr5* ,in/itute 0 probably connect$ ) 8 ,p>isian exp]i5ces4 ,he inspir$ ,campbell ) ! mo/ lively en?usiasm4 8,8 simplicity10 he wrote1 88 k9dness1 8 anecdotes1 8 read9ess to expla9--& make p]fectly conspicu\s too--8 own sublime conceptions ( ! univ]se1 are indescribably *>m+4 ,he is sev5ty-six1 b fre% & /\t2 & !re he sat1 ne>e/ ! door at 8 fri5d's h\se1 alt]nately smil+ at a joke1 or cont5t$ly sitt+ )\t %>e or notice 9 ! conv]sation4 ,any tra9 ( conv]sation he foll[s implicitly2 any?+ y ask1 he lab\rs ) a sort ( boyi% e>ne/ness to expla94 ,speak+ ( himself1 he said1 ) a mode/y ( mann] :i* q ov]came me1 :5 tak5 toge!r ) ! greatness ( ! ass]tion1 #8,i h look$ fur!r into space ?an ev] human be+ did be=e me2 ,i h obs]v$ />s1 ( :i* ! light1 x c be prov$1 mu/ take two millions ( ye>s to rea* ?is e>?4' ,i really & unfeign$ly felt at ! mom5t z if ,i _h be5 conv]s+ ) a sup]natural intellig5ce4 #8,nay1 m1' said he1 #8if ^? di/ant bodies _h ceas$ to exi/ two millions ( ye>s ago we %\ld /ill see !m1 z ! light w\ld travel aft] ! body 0 gone4' ,^! 7 ,h]s*el's words2 & if y _h he>d him speak !m1 y w\ld n ?9k he 0 apt to tell m ?an ! tru?40 ,! appe>ance ( a bright comet1 9 ,octob]1 #ahjf1 drew mu* company to ,sl\gh4 ,on ! #d?1 ,miss ,h]s*el n>rates1 8,two p>ties f ! ,ca/le came to see x1 & dur+ ! :ole mon? my bro!r _h n an ev5+ to himself4 ,z he 0 !n 9 ! mid/ ( poli%+ ! =ty-foot mirror1 re/ became absolutely necess>y aft] a day sp5t 9 t mo/ labori\s "w2 & x has ev] be5 my op9ion t on ! #ad? ( ,octob] 8 n]ves receiv$ a %ock f :i* he nev] got ! bett] aft]w>ds2 = on t day he _h h>dly dismiss$ 8 troop ( m5 :5 visitors assembl$1 & f ! "t x 0 d>k1 till pa/ midnight1 he 0 on ! grass-plot surr\nd$ by betwe5 fifty & sixty p]sons1 )\t hav+ _h "t to put on prop] clo?+1 or = ! lea/ n\ri%m5t to pass 8 lips4 ,among ! company ,i rememb] 7 ! ,duke ( ,sussex1 ,pr9ce ,galitz91 ,"l ,d>nley1 a numb] ( (fic]s1 ,admiral ,bo/on1 & "s ladies40 ,a dang]\s attack ( illness 9 ! spr+ ( #ahjg left ,h]s*el's /r5g? p]man5tly impair$4 ,b he travell$ to ,scotl& 9 ! summ] ( #ahaj1 & receiv$ ! fre$om ( ! ,city ( ,glasg[4 ,!n1 9 #ahad1 he made a f9al1 b fruitless attempt1 to r5ovate ! f\r-foot speculum4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! confusion att5d+ ^u ! process1 ^w 0 giv5 to prep>e = ! reception ( ! ,cz> ,alex&]1 ! ,du*ess ( ,old5burg1 & sundry o!r gr&ees j !n collect$ at ,w9dsor = ! ,ascot races4 ,! sett+ to rights 0 no small job2 8b we might h sav$ ourselves ! tr\ble10 8 si/] rem>ks drily1 8= !y 7 suffici5tly h>ass$ ) public sights & fe/ivities40 ,on ,april #e?1 #ahaf1 ,h]s*el 0 creat$ a ,knight ( ! ,royal ,hanov]ian ,guelphic ,ord]1 & duly att5d$ "o ( ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t's leves 9 ,may4 ,he w5t to t[n 9 #ahai to h 8 portrait pa9t$ by ,artaud4 ,! result+ f9e lik5ess is 9 ! possession ( 8 gr&son1 ,sir ,william ,james ,h]s*el4 ,! ,a/ronomical ,society *ose him z its fir/ ,presid5t 9 #ahba2 & he contribut$ to ! fir/ volume ( its memoirs a supplem5t>y li/ ( #ade d\ble />s4 ,! wond]ful s]ies ( 8 communications to ! ,royal ,society clos$ :5 he 0 9 8 eightie? ye>1 ) ! pres5tation1 ,june #aa?1 #ahah1 ( a pap] on ! ,relative ,di/ances ( ,/>-clu/]s4 ,on ,june #a/1 #ahba1 he ins]t$ into ! tube ) ?9 & trembl+ h&s ! mirror ( ! tw5ty-foot telescope1 & took 8 f9al look at ! heav5s4 ,all 8 old in/9cts 7 /ill alive1 only ! bodily p[] to c>ry out _! behe/s 0 gone4 ,an unp>allel$ c>e] ( a*ievem5t left him unsatisfi$ ) :at he _h done4 ,old age br\ght him no ,sabba? re/1 b only an en=c$ & we>isome cessation f activity4 ,8 inability to re-poli% ! f\r-foot speculum 0 ! doom ( 8 *ef d'uvre4 ,he c\ld n reconcile himself to x4 ,8 sunny spirits gave way4 ,! old happy & buoyant temp]am5t became ov]ca/ ) despond5cy4 ,8 /rong n]ves 7 at la/ %att]$4 ,on ,augu/ #ae?1 #ahbb1 ,miss ,h]s*el relates3--8,i ha/5$ to ! spot :]e ,i 0 wont to f9d him ) ! newspap] ,i 0 to read to him4 ,b ,i 0 in=m$ my bro!r _h be5 oblig$ to return to 8 room1 :i!r ,i flew imm$iately4 ,lady ,h]s*el & ! h\sekeep] 7 ) him1 adm9i/]+ ev]y?+ :i* c\ld be ?\ght ( = support+ him4 ,i f\nd him mu* irritat$ at n be+ able to grant ,mr4 ,bulman's,c reque/ = "s tok5 ( remembrance = 8 fa!r4 ,z soon z he saw me1 ,i 0 s5t to ! libr>y to fet* "o ( 8 la/ pap]s & a plate ( ! =ty-foot telescope4 ,b = ! univ]se ,i c\ld n h look$ twice at :at ,i _h snat*$ f ! %elf1 & :5 he fa9tly ask$ if ! break+-up ( ! ,milky ,way 0 9 x1 ,i said #8,yes1' & he look$ cont5t4 ,i _c help rememb]+ ?is circum/ance2 x 0 ! la/ "t ,i 0 s5t to ! libr>y on su* an occasion4 ,t ! anxi\s c>e = 8 pap]s & workrooms nev] end$ b ) 8 life1 0 prov$ by 8 :isp]$ inquiries if !y 7 lock$1 & ! key safe40 ,c ,! gr&son ( "o ( ,h]s*el's e>lie/ ,engli% fri5ds4 ,he di$ t5 days lat]1 ,augu/ #be?1 #ahbb4 ,above 8 grave1 9 ! *ur* ( ,sa9t ,laur5ce at ,upton1 ! words are grav53--8,coelorum p]rupit clau/ra0--,he broke ?r\gh ! b>ri]s ( ! skies4 ,william ,h]s*el 0 end[$ by nature ) an almo/ faultless "*4 ,he _h ! f]v\r1 )\t ! irritability ( g5ius2 he 0 g5]\s1 g5ial1 s9c]e2 tol]ant ( ignorance2 pati5t "u ! acute di/ress1 to :i* 8 situation r5d]$ him peculi>ly liable1 ( unseasonable int]ruptions at critical mom5ts3 he 0 w>m-he>t$ & op5-h&$4 ,8 *ange ( c\ntry & condition1 8 absorption 9 sci5ce1 ! homage paid to him1 nev] l$ him to =get ! claims ( k9dr$4 ,"t & money 7 alike lavi%$ 9 ! relief ( family necessities4 ,he support$ 8 bro!r ,alex&] aft] 8 retirem5t f ! conc]t-/age 9 #ahaf1 until 8 dea? at ,hanov]1 ,m>* #ae?1 #ahba4 ,dietri*'s recurr+ mis=tunes met 8 unfail+ pity & help4 ,he bequea!d to him a sum ( #b1jjj1 & to 8 devot$ si/]1 ,c>ol9e1 an annuity ( #ajj4 ,8 correspond5ts1 abroad & at home1 7 num]\s2 nor did he disda9 to remove ! p]plexities ( amateurs4 ,9 a lett]1 dat$ ,janu>y #f?1 #agid1 we f9d him expla9+ to ,mr4 ,j4 ,mill] ( ,l9coln's ,inn1 8! circum/ances :i* att5d ! motion ( a race-horse ^u a circle ( longitude40 ,& he wrote %ortly aft]w>ds to ,mr4 ,smi? ( ,tewkesbury3--8,y f9d fault ) ! pr9ciples ( gravitation & projection because !y w n acc\nt = ! rotation ( ! planets ^u _! axes4 ,y might c]ta9ly ) z mu* reason f9d fault ) y\r %oes because !y w n likewise s]ve y\r h&s z gloves4 ,b1 9 my op9ion1 ! projectile motion once admitt$1 suffici5tly expla9s ! rotatory motion2 = x is h>dly possible me*anically to impress ! "o )\t giv+ ! o!r at ! same "t40 ,on religi\s topics he 0 usually retic5t2 b a h9t ( ! rev]5t _s 9 :i* 8 rese>*es 7 conduct$ may be ga!r$ f a s5t5ce 9 ! same lett]4 8,x is c]ta9ly10 he said1 8a v laudable ?+ to receive in/ruction f ! great workma/] ( nature1 & = t reason all exp]im5tal philosophy is in/itut$40 ,to inve/igate 0 !n1 9 8 view1 to 8receive in/ruction02 & "o ( ! secrets ( 8 wond]ful success lay 9 ! docility ) :i* he came to be taught4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,explor] ,,( ,,! ,,heav5s4 8,a k ( ! con/ruction ( ! heav5s10 ,h]s*el wrote 9 #ahaa1 8has always be5 ! ultimate object ( my obs]vations40 ,! 8,con/ruction ( ! ,heav5s06 ,a phrase ( pr(\nd & novel import1 = ! inv5tion ( :i* he 0 ridicul$ by ,br\gham 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review2 yet express+1 z x _h nev] be5 express$ be=e1 ! ess5tial idea ( sid]eal a/ronomy4 ,speculation !re _h be5 z to ! mann] 9 :i* ! />s 7 gr\p$ toge!r2 b ! t\*/one ( reality _h yet to be appli$ to !m4 ,?is unattempt$1 & all b impossible ent]prise ,h]s*el delib]ately und]took4 ,x pres5t$ itself spontane\sly to 8 m9d z wor? ! exp5diture ( a life's lab\r2 & he sp>$ no?+ 9 ! disbursem5t4 ,! hope ( its accompli%m5t inspir$ 8 e>ly ex]tions1 c>ri$ him ?r\gh innum]able difficulties1 l5t him audacity1 =tifi$ him 9 p]sev]ance4 ,= ?is1 8,he left beh9d ! pa9t$ buoy ,t tosses at ! h>b\r's m\?10 & bur/ 8 way into an unnavigat$ ocean4 ,h]s*el has _h v few equals 9 8 /r5g? ( controll$ imag9ation4 ,he held ! balance1 ev5 to a nicety1 betwe5 ! real & ! ideal4 ,m$itation s]v$ 9 him to prescribe & guide exp]i5ce2 exp]i5ce to rip5 ! fruit ( m$itation4 8,we ought10 he wrote 9 #aghe1 8to avoid two opposite extremes4 ,if we indulge a fanciful imag9ation1 & build worlds ( our own1 we mu/ n wond] at our go+ wide f ! pa? ( tru? & nature4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if we add obs]vation to obs]vation )\t attempt+ to draw1 n only c]ta9 conclusions1 b also conjectural views f !m1 we (f5d aga9/ ! v end = :i* only obs]vations ought to be made40 ,?is 0 consi/5tly 8 me?od4 ,if ?\ght outran sight1 he lab\r$ e>ne/ly t x %\ld be ov]tak5 by x3 :ile sight1 9 turn1 (t5 took ! initiative1 & sugge/$ ?\ght4 ,he 0 mu* m ?an a simple explor]4 8,ev5 at ! telescope10 ,pr(essor ,hold5 says1 88 object 0 n discov]y m]ely1 b to "k ! inn] con/itution ( ! heav5s40 ,he div9$1 at ! same "t t he obs]v$4 ,! antique conception ( ! heav5s z a holl[ sph]e ^u :i* ! cele/ial bodies are se5 project$1 surviv$ !n1 & survives n[1 z a conv5i5t fiction = practical purposes4 ,b 9 ! eighte5? c5tury ! fiction assum$ to ! great majority a sort ( quasi-reality4 ,h]s*el made an exception 9 be+ vividly impress$ ) ! dep? ( space4 ,h[ to s\nd t dep? 0 ! fir/ problem t he attack$4 ,z a prelim9>y to fur!r op]ations1 he s\ght to fix a unit ( sid]eal measurem5t4 ,! di/ances f ! e>? to ! />s 7 !n altoge!r unkn[n4 ,all t _h be5 asc]ta9$ 0 t !y mu/ be v great4 ,in/rum5tal ref9em5ts _h n1 9 fact1 be5 c>ri$ f> en\gh to make ! inquiry pr(itable4 ,h]s*el did n und]rate its difficulty4 ,he recognis$ t1 9 pursu+ x1 "o hundr$? ( a second ( arc 8became a quantity to be consid]$40 ,ju/ly argu+1 h[ev]1 t previ\s exp]im5ts on /ell> p>allax _h be5 unsatisfactory & indecisive1 he det]m9$ to try aga94 ,he *ose ! 8d\ble /> me?od10 inv5t$ by ,galileo1 b nev]1 s f>1 effectually put to trial4 ,! pr9ciple ( x is p]fectly simple1 dep5d+ ^u ! p]spective %ift+ to a spectator 9 motion1 ( objects at diff]5t di/ances f him4 ,9 ord] to appreh5d x1 "o ne$ only walk up & d[n be=e a lamp plac$ 9 ! middle ( a room1 wat*+ its app>5t *ange ( position relative to ano!r lamp at ! end ( ! same room4 ,j 9 ! same way1 a /> obs]v$ f opposite sides ( ! e>?'s orbit is sometimes f\nd to alt] its situation v slightly by comp>ison ) ano!r /> close to x 9 ! sky1 b indef9itely remote f x 9 space4 ,half ! small oscillation ?us execut$ is call$ t />'s 8annual p>allax40 ,x repres5ts ! m9ute angle "u :i* ! radius ( ! t]re/rial orbit w\ld appe> at ! />'s actual di/ance4 ,s va/1 h[ev]1 is ! scale ( ! univ]se1 t ?is tell-tale sw+ to & fro is1 = ! mo/ "p1 imp]ceptible ev5 ) mod]n appliances1 & 0 entirely inaccessible to ,h]s*el's obs]vations4 ,yet !y did n rema9 b>r5 ( results4 8,z soon z ,i 0 fully conv9c$10 he wrote 9 #agha1 8t 9 ! inve/igation ( p>allax ! me?od ( d\ble />s w\ld h _m advantages above any o!r1 x became necess>y to look out = prop] />s4 ,?is introduc$ a new s]ies ( obs]vations4 ,i resolv$ to exam9e e /> 9 ! heav5s ) ! utmo/ att5tion t ,i might fix my obs]vations ^u ^? t w\ld be/ answ] my end4 ,! subject promises s ri* a h>ve/ t ,i _c help invit+ e lov] ( a/ronomy to jo9 ) me 9 obs]vations t mu/ inevitably lead to new discov]ies4 ,i took "s pa9s to f9d out :at d\ble />s _h be5 record$ by a/ronom]s2 b my situation p]mitt$ me n to consult ext5sive libr>ies1 nor1 inde$1 0 x v mat]ial2 = z ,i int5d$ to view ! heav5s myself1 ,nature1 t great volume1 appe>$ to me to conta9 ! be/ catalogue40 ,on ,janu>y #aj?1 #aghb1 he pres5t$ to ! ,royal ,society a catalogue ( #bfi d\ble />s1 ( :i* #bbg 7 ( 8 own f9d+2 & a second li/ ( #dcd foll[$ 9 ,decemb]1 #aghd4 ,all 7 arrang$ 9 six classes1 accord+ to ! di/ance ap>t ( _! compon5ts1 rang+ f "o up to #abj seconds4 ,! close c\ples he reg>d$ z especially adapt$ = p>allax-det]m9ations2 ! wid] ones might s]ve = crit]ia ( /ell> prop] movem5ts1 or ev5 ( ! sun's transport ?r\gh space4 ,= ! purpose ( measur+ ! directions 9 :i* _! memb]s lay t[>ds ea* o!r--te*nically call$ 8position-angles0--& ! int]vals sep>at+ !m1 he inv5t$ two k9ds ( micromet]s1 & notes 7 add$ z to _! relative brightness & col\rs4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to obs]ve ! lovely contra/$ or h>monis$ t9ts display$ by "s ( ^! objects4 ,h]s*el's d\ble />s actually fulfill$ none ( ! functions assign$ to !m4 ,he 0 ?us left )\t any def9ite unit ( measurem5t = sid]eal space2 & he nev] succe$$ 9 supply+ ! want4 ,9 #ahad he 0 8/ill engag$10 ?\gh va9ly1 89 asc]ta9+ a scale :]eby ! ext5t ( ! univ]se1 s f> z x is possible = u to p5etrate into space1 may be fa?om$40 ,he knew only t ! di/ances ( ! />s ne>e/ ! e>? c\ld n be less1 & might be a great deal m1 ?an light-waves1 propagat$ at ! rate ( #ahf1cjj miles a second1 w\ld trav]se 9 ?ree or f\r ye>s4 ,only ! mann] ( /ell> arrangem5t1 !n1 rema9$ op5 to 8 zeal\s inve/igations4 ,! initial "q pres5t+ itself to an intellig5t spectator ( ! nocturnal sky is3 ,:at relation does ! dim galactic />-/ream be> to ! con/ellations amid/ :i* x fl[s8 ,& ?is "q our int]ior position makes v difficult to be answ]$4 ,we see ! />ry univ]se1 x has be5 well said1 8n 9 plan b 9 section40 ,! problem is1 f t section to det]m9e ! plan--to view ! :ole m5tally z x w\ld %[ visually f ! outside4 ,! g5]al appe>ance to ourselves ( ! ,milky ,way leaves x unc]ta9 :e!r x repres5ts ! projection ^u ! heav5s ( an imm5se /ratum ( equally scatt]$ />s1 or a r+-l accumulation1 t[>ds ! middle ( :i* our sun is situat$4 ,h]s*el gave 8 pref]5ce1 to beg9 )1 to ! =m] hypo!sis1 & !n1 ) a/oni%+ boldness & +5uity1 attempt$ to put x exp]im5tally to ! pro(4 ,8 me?od ( 8/>-gaug+0 0 describ$ 9 #aghd4 ,x consi/$ 9 c\nt+ ! />s visible 9 successive fields ( 8 tw5ty-foot telescope1 & comput+ ! correspond+ dep?s ( space4 ,admitt+ an av]age regul>ity ( di/ribution1 ?is 0 easily done4 ,if ! />s did n really lie clos] toge!r 9 "o region ?an 9 ano!r1 !n ! m ( !m !re 7 to be se5 along a giv5 l9e ( vision1 ! fur!r ! sy/em c\ld be inf]r$ to ext5d 9 t p>ticul> direction4 ,! ratio ( its ext5sion w\ld also be giv54 ,x w\ld v>y ) ! cube-roots ( ! numb] ( />s 9 ea* c\nt4 ,guid$ by ?is pr9ciple1 ,h]s*el v5tur$ to lay d[n ! b\nd>ies ( ! /ell> aggregation to :i* our sun belongs4 ,s f> z he 8_h yet gone r\nd x10 9 #aghe1 he p]ceiv$ x to be 8ev]y:]e t]m9at$1 & 9 mo/ places v n>r[ly too40 ,! diff]5ces1 h[ev]1 betwe5 8 enum]ations 9 v>i\s portions ( ! sky 7 enorm\s4 ,9 ! ,milky ,way zone ! />s pres5t$ !mselves 9 %oals4 ,he met fields--( j "o qu>t] ! area ( ! moon--conta9+ ne>ly #fjj2 s t1 9 fifte5 m9utes1 #aaf1jjj 7 e/imat$ to h m>*$ pa/ 8 /ation>y telescope4 ,"h1 ! calculat$ 8l5g? ( 8 s\nd+-l9e0 0 ne>ly #ejj times ! di/ance ( ,sirius1 8 /&>d />4 ,t[>ds ! galactic poles1 on ! contr>y1 />s 7 comp>atively sc>ce2 & ! transp>5t blackness ( ! sky %[$ t 9 ^? qu>t]s ! supply ( />s 0 completely exhau/$4 ,at "r angles to ! ,milky ,way1 !n1 ! /ell> sy/em might be t]m$ %all[1 :ile 9 its plane1 x /ret*$ out on all sides to an inconceivable1 ?\gh n to an illimitable ext5t4 ,its %ape appe>$1 accord+ly1 to be t ( a flat disc1 ( v irregul> cont\r1 & ) a deep cleft mat*+ ! bifid section ( ! ,milky ,way betwe5 ,cygnus & ,scorpio4 ,h]s*el reg>d$ ?is conclusion only 8z an example to illu/rate ! me?od40 ,yet x 0 d]iv$ f ! reckon+-up ( #ij1jjj />s 9 #b1djj telescopic fields6 ,its validity re/$ on ! assumption t /ell> cr[d+ indicat$1 n m />s 9 a giv5 space1 b m space /ock$ 9 ! same proportion ) />s4 ,b 8 hope ( ?us gett+ a true mean result collaps$ "u ! weight ( 8 own obs]vations4 8,x w\ld n be difficult10 he /at$ 9 #aghe1 8to po9t out two or ?ree hundr$ ga!r+ clu/]s 9 our sy/em40 ,! action ( a 8clu/]+ p[]0 draw+ its compon5t />s 8into _m sep>ate allotm5ts0 grew cont9ually cle>] to him1 & he admitt$ unres]v$ly 9 #ahjb t ! ,milky ,way 8consi/s ( />s v diff]5tly scatt]$ f ^? imm$iately ab\t u40 ,9 #ahaa1 he expressly ab&on$ 8 orig9al hypo!sis4 8,i mu/ freely confess10 he wrote1 8t by cont9u+ my sweeps ( ! heav5s my op9ion ( ! arrangem5t ( ! />s has und]gone a gradual *ange4 ,an equal scatt]+ ( ! />s may be admitt$ 9 c]ta9 calculations2 b :5 we exam9e ! ,milky ,way1 or closely compress$ clu/]s1 x mu/ be giv5 up40 ,& 9 #ahag3 8,gauges1 :i* on a supposition ( an equality ( scatt]+1 7 look$ ^u z gauges ( di/ance1 relate1 9 fact1 m imm$iately to ! scatt]+ ( ! />s1 ( :i* !y give valuable in=mation40 ,! 8disc-!ory0 0 !n virtually )drawn n _m ye>s aft] x _h be5 prop\nd$4 8,! subtlety ( nature10 accord+ to ,bacon's aphorism1 8transc5ds ! subtlety bo? ( ! intellect & ( ! s5ses40 ,h]s*el v soon p]ceiv$ ! inadequacy ( 8 colossal exp]im5t2 & he tranquilly acquiesc$1 n be+ among ^? :o seek to entr5* !ory aga9/ evid5ce4 ,he f\nd t he _h und]valu$ ! complexity ( ! problem4 ,yet x rema9$ be=e 8 m9d to ! end4 ,! supreme object ( 8 sci5tific life 0 to asc]ta9 ! laws ( /ell> di/ribution 9 cubical space1 & he devot$ to ! subject ! two conclud+ memoirs ( ! sixty-n9e contribut$ by him to ! 8,philosophical ,transactions40 ,he 0 9 8 eightie? ye> :5 he op5$1 ) y\?ful fre%ness1 a new phase ( ardu\s inve/igation4 8,! con/ruction ( ! heav5s10 he wrote 9 ,june1 #ahag1 8c only be kn[n :5 we h ! situation ( ea* body def9$ by its ?ree dim5sions4 ,( ^! ?ree1 ! ord9>y catalogues give b two1 leav+ ! di/ance or pr(undity undet]m9$40 ,?is elem5t ( 8pr(undity0 he w5t on to det]m9e by ! absolutely novel me?od ( :at may be call$ 8photometric enum]ation40 ,he began by ass]t+ :at is self-evid5t--t fa9t />s are1 8"o ) ano!r10 m remote ?an bright ones2 & he argu$ !nce1 reasonably en\gh1 t ! relative mean di/ances ( ! />s1 tak5 ord] by ord]1 might be inf]r$ f _! relative mean magnitudes4 ,next he po9t$ out t m space w\ld be available = _! accommodation 9 proportion to ! cubes ( _! mean di/ances4 ,"h lies ! value ( ! me?od4 ,x sets up1 z ,h]s*el said1 8a /&>d ( ref]5ce0 ) reg>d to /ell> di/ribution4 ,x makes x possible to comp>e actual /ell> d5sity1 at a giv5 mean di/ance1 ) a 8c]ta9 prop]ly modifi$ equality ( scatt]+40 ,by pati5tly call+ ov] ! roll ( successive magnitudes1 in=mation may be obta9$ reg>d+ ov]- & "u-populat$ di/ricts ( space4 ,h]s*el's reason+s on ! subject are p]fectly valid1 b = practical purposes f> 9 advance ( ! "t4 ,_! application dem&$ a k ( /ell> light-gradations1 :i*1 ev5 n[1 has be5 only p>tially atta9$4 ,8 surpris+ anticipation ( ?is mode ( inquiry came1 !re=e1 to no?+4 ,8 device ( 8limit+ ap]tures0 0 a simultane\s inv5tion4 ,x 0 design$ z a measure ( relative />-di/ances4 ,po9t+ two simil> telescopes ^u two unequal />s1 he equalis$ !m to ! eye by /opp+ d[n ! ap]ture ( ! in/rum5t direct$ t[>ds ! bright] object4 ,assum+ ea* to emit ! same quantity ( light1 _! respective di/ances w\ld !n be inv]sely z ! diamet]s ( ! reflect+ surfaces by :i* !y 7 br\ght to ! same level ( app>5t lu/re4 ,b ! enorm\s real div]sities ( /ell> size & brightness r5d] ?is plan ( action :olly illusory4 ,ev5 = av]age e/imates1 prop] motion is app>5tly a saf] crit]ion ( di/ance ?an magnitude4 ,h]s*el employ$ ! me?od ( ap]tures ) bett] success to asc]ta9 ! comp>ative ext5t ( natural & telescopic vision4 ,! b\nd>y ( ! =m] 0 plac$ at 8! twelf? ord] ( di/ance40 ,sirius1 t is to say1 remov$ to twelve times its actual remot5ess1 w\ld be a b>ely disc]nible object to ! nak$ eye4 ,! same /> c>ri$ sev5ty-five times fur!r away /ill1 c\ld be se5 z a fa9t light-speck ) 8 tw5ty-foot telescope2 &1 transport$ #aib times beyond ! visual limit1 w\ld make a simil> appe>ance 9 ! field ( ! =ty-foot4 ,^! figures1 multipli$ by twelve1 repres5t$1 9 8 expressive phrase1 ! 8space-p5etrat+ p[]0 ( 8 in/rum5ts4 ,_! range ext5d$ respectively to #ijj & #b1cjj times ! di/ance ( 8 8/&>d />40 ,he e/imat$1 moreov]1 t1 ?r\gh ! ag5cy ( ! l>g]1 light might become s5sible to ! eye aft] a j\rney la/+ ne>ly sev5 ?\s& ye>s6 ,s t1 z he said1 8 telescopes p5etrat$ bo? "t & space4 ,8 la/ obs]vation ( ! ,milky ,way %[$ x to be 9 p>ts 8fa?omless10 ev5 ) ! =ty-foot4 ,no sky-backgr\nd c\ld be se51 b only ! dim gl[ ( 8/>-du/40 ,?is effect he attribut$ to ! immeasurable ext5sion1 9 ^? directions1 ( ! /ell> sy/em4 ,! s]ri$ orbs compos+ x1 z !y lay fur!r & fur!r f ! eye1 became at la/ sep>ately indi/+ui%able4 ,h]s*el1 z has be5 said1 =mulat$ no second !ory ( galactic /ructure aft] t ( #aghd-e _h be5 giv5 up4 ,:at he ?\ght on ! subject1 ) rip5$ exp]i5ce = 8 guide1 c only be ga!r$ piecemeal f 8 v>i\s writ+s4 ,! g5]al appe>ance ( ,t 8broad & ample road1 ^: du/ is gold1 ,& pavem5t />s10 he describ$ z 8t ( a zone surr\nd+ our situation 9 ! sol> sy/em1 9 ! %ape ( a succession ( diff]5tly cond5s$ pat*es ( brightness1 int]mix$ ) o!rs ( a fa9t] t+e40 ,& he evid5tly consid]$ ?is seem+ to be 9 fair accord ) reality4 ,! 8pat*es ( brightness0 /ood = g5u9e clu/]s1 incipi5t1 visibly =m+1 or =m$4 ,!y are made up ( />s n less lu/r\s1 b mu* m closely collect$ ?an ,sirius1 ,arcturus1 or ,capella4 ,! smallness ( galactic />s w\ld ?us be an effect ( di/ance1 :ile _! cr[d+ is a physical fact4 ,! :ole ( ^! clu/]s are 7on ,h]s*el's view7 aggregat$ into an irregul>1 bran*+ r+1 di/9ct f1 al?\gh b\nd toge!r into "o sy/em ) ! brilliants ( ! con/ellations4 8,our sun10 he emphatically affirm$ 9 #ahag1 8) all ! />s we c see ) ! eye1 are deeply imm]s$ 9 ! ,milky ,way1 & =m a compon5t "p ( x40 ,he took leave ( ! subject :i* _h engross$ s _m ( 8 ?\ghts 9 a pap] read be=e ! ,royal ,society1 ,june #aa?1 #ahah4 ,9 x he %[$ h[ ! 8equalis+0 pr9ciple c\ld be appli$ to det]m9e ! relative di/ances ( 8globul> & o!r clu/]s10 provid$ only t _! compon5t />s are ( ! rank ( ,sirius4 ,x is improbable1 h[ev]1 t ?is condition is fulfill$4 ,9 op5 gr\ps1 su* z ! ,pleiades1 enorm\s suns are mo/ likely connect$ ) m9ute self-lum9\s bodies2 b ! />s compress$ into 8globul> clu/]s0 appe> to be m uni=m1 & may1 p]haps1 be int]m$iate 9 magnitude4 ,yet "h aga91 ! only ?+ c]ta9 is ! preval5ce ( endless v>iety4 ,cele/ial sy/ems are n turn$ out by ! doz51 l articles f a factory4 ,ea* diff]s f ! re/ 9 scale1 9 /ructure1 9 me*anism4 ,attempts to r$uce all to any common /&>d mu/ !n prove futile4 ,disp>ities ( di/ance are ( c\rse conc]n$ 9 produc+ _! v>ieties ( aspect1 co>se-look+ 8balls ( />s0 be+1 necess>ily1 on ! :ole1 less remote ?an ^? ( smoo!r texture4 ,f9] gra9+1 h[ev]1 may also be due to a composition out ( small] & clos] masses4 ,! two causes concur1 & ! %>e ( ea* 9 produc+ a c]ta9 effect _c1 9 any individual case1 be apportion$4 ,h]s*el 0 inde$ f> too philosophical to adopt rigid l9es ( argum5t4 ,8 reason+ did n ext5d 8s f> z to exclude a real diff]5ce1 n only 9 ! size1 b also 9 ! numb] & arrangem5t ( ! />s 9 diff]5t clu/]s40 ,nev]!less1 ! discussion f\nd$ ^u x is no long] conv9c+4 ,to mod]n a/ronom]s x appe>s to travel q wide ( ! m>k4 ,its int]e/ consi/s 9 ! pro( giv5 by x t ! problem ( sid]eal di/ances1 ! orig9al inc5tive to ,h]s*el's reviews ( ! heav5s1 attract$ 8 att5tion to ! v end ( 8 ?9k+ life4 ,?r\gh\t 8 long c>e]1 ! pr(undities ( ! univ]se haunt$ him4 ,he s\ght1 p] fas1 p] nefas1 tru/wor?y measures ( ! 8?ird dim5sion0 ( cele/ial space4 ,! object ( 8 se>* 0 out ( rea*1 & has n ev5 n[ be5 fully atta9$2 b ! pa? x l$ him by 0 /rewn ) discov]ies4 ,! nets spread 9 8 8sweeps0 br\ght 91 besides d\ble />s1 pl5tiful takes ( ! filmy objects call$ 8nebul40 ,he recognis$ ) amazem5t _! pr(usion 9 c]ta9 tracts ( ! sky2 increas$ telescopic light-grasp nev] fail$ to r5d] a fur!r supply visible2 ! heav5s teem$ ) !m4 ,he pres5t$ a catalogue ( #a1jjj to ! ,royal ,society 9 #aghf1 a second equally compreh5sive 9 #aghi1 & a supplem5t>y li/ ( #ejj 9 #ahjb4 ,_! natural hi/ory fasc9at$ him4 ,:at !y 71 :at !y _h be51 & :at !y %\ld come to1 =m$ ! subject ( _m ( ^? ard5t m$itations :i* suppli$ motive p[] = 8 rese>*es4 ,he n only laid ! f\ndation ( nebul> sci5ce1 b c>ri$ ! edifice to a consid]able height1 di/+ui%+ ! v>ieties ( its objects1 & classify+ !m accord+ to _! gradations ( brightness4 ,"s pres5t$ a mo/ fanta/ic appe>ance4 8,i h se510 he wrote 9 #aghd1 8d\ble & treble nebul v>i\sly arrang$2 l>ge ones ) small1 seem+ att5dants2 n>r[1 b mu* ext5d$ lucid nebul or bright da%es2 "s ( ! %ape ( a fan1 resembl+ an electric bru%1 issu+ f a lucid po9t2 o!rs ( ! cometic %ape1 ) a seem+ nucleus 9 ! c5tre1 or l cl\dy />s surr\nd$ ) a nebul\s atmosph]e2 a diff]5t sort1 aga91 conta9$ a nebulosity ( ! milky k9d1 l t wond]ful1 inexplicable ph5om5on ab\t ,!ta ,orionis2 :ile o!rs %9e ) a fa9t] mottl$ k9d ( light :i* d5otes _! be+ resolvable into />s40 ,he1 8?r\gh ! my/ic dome10 disc]n$ 8,regions ( lucid matt] tak+ =m1 ,bru%es ( fire1 hazy gleams1 ,clu/]s & b$s ( worlds1 & bee-l sw>ms ,( suns & />ry /reams40 ,annul> & planet>y nebul 7 z su*1 fir/ describ$ by him4 8,among ! curiosities ( ! heav5s10 he ann\nc$ 9 #aghe1 8%\ld be plac$ a nebula t has a regul> conc5tric d>k spot 9 ! middle1 & is probably a r+ ( />s40 ,?is 0 ! fam\s annul> nebula 9 ,lyra1 !n a unique specim51 n[ ! type ( a class4 ,! planet>y k9d1 s-call$ f _! planet-l discs1 7 always m or less ( an enigma to him4 ,! vividness & uni=mity ( _! light appe>$ to cut !m (f f true nebul2 on mature consid]ation1 he felt driv5 to suppose !m 8compress$ />-gr\ps40 8,if x 7 n1 p]haps1 too haz>d\s10 he w5t on1 8to pursue a =m] surmise ( a r5ewal 9 :at ,i figuratively call$ ! laboratories ( ! univ]se1 ! />s =m+ ^! extraord9>y nebul1 by "s decay or wa/e ( nature1 be+ no long] fit = _! =m] purposes1 & hav+ _! projectile =ces1 if any su* !y _h1 ret>d$ 9 ea* o!r's atmosph]es1 ru% at la/ toge!r1 & ei!r 9 succession1 or by "o g5]al trem5d\s %ock1 unite into a new body4 ,p]haps ! extraord9>y & sudd5 blaze ( a new /> 9 ,cassiopeia's ,*air1 9 #aegb1 might possibly be ( su* a nature40 ,at t e>ly /age ( 8 inquiries1 ,h]s*el reg>d$ all nebul indiscrim9ately z compos$ ( g5u9e />s4 ,x 0 almo/ inevitable t he %\ld d s4 ,= ea* ga9 9 telescopic p[] _h ! effect ( transf]r+ no insignificant proportion ( !m f ! nebul> to ! /ell> ord]4 ,!re 0 no app>5t reason = draw+ a l9e any:]e4 ,! inf]5ce seem$ irresi/ible1 t resolvability 0 simply a "q ( optical improvem5t4 ,z ,messi]'s nbuleuses sans toiles _h yield$ to ,h]s*el's telescopes1 s--x might fairly be anticipat$--! 8milky0 /reaks & pat*es se5 by ,h]s*el w\ld curdle into />s "u ! compulsion ( ! /ill mighti] in/rum5ts ( ! future4 ,he 0 l$ on--to use 8 own expressions 9 #agia--8;by almo/ imp]ceptible degrees f evid5t clu/]s1 su* z ! ,pleiades1 to spots )\t a trace ( /ell> =mation1 ! gradations be+ s well connect$ z to leave no d\bt t all ^! ph5om5a 7 equally /ell>40 ,!y 7 :at ,lamb]t & ,kant _h suppos$ !m to be--isl&-univ]ses1 va/ cong]ies ( suns1 indep5d5tly organis$1 & ( galactic rank4 ,!y 71 ea* & all1 glori\s sy/ems1 b>ely escap+ total subm]g5ce 9 ! illimitable ocean ( space4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ^! gr&iose ideas1 ,h]s*el told ,miss ,burney1 9 #aghf1 t ) 8 8l>ge tw5ty-foot0 he _h 8discov]$ #a1ejj univ]ses60 ,fifte5 hundr$ 8:ole sid]eal sy/ems1 "s ( :i* might well outvie our ,milky ,way 9 gr&eur40 ,8 contemplations ( ! heav5s %[$ him ev]y:]e traces ( progress--( progress ris+ t[>ds p]fection1 !n s9k+ into decay1 ?\gh ) a sure prospect ( r5ovation4 ,he 0 ?us l$ to arrange ! nebul 9 a presum$ ord] ( developm5t4 ,! signs ( int]ior cond5sation traceable 9 ne>ly all1 he attribut$ to ! p]si/5t action ( c5tral =ces4 ,cond5sation1 !n1 gave evid5ce ( age4 ,aggregat$ />s drew clos] & clos] toge!r ) "t4 ,s t scatt]$ or bran*+ =mations 7 to be reg>d$ z at an e>ly /age ( sy/emic exi/5ce2 globul> clu/]s1 z repres5t+ univ]ses /ill 9 ! prime ( life2 :ile objects ( ! planet>y k9d 7 set d[n z 8v ag$1 & draw+ on t[>ds a p]iod ( *ange1 or dissolution40 ,our own nebula he *>act]is$ z 8a v ext5sive1 bran*+ cong]ies ( _m millions ( />s10 be>+ ^u x 8few] m>ks ( pr(\nd antiquity ?an ! re/40 ,yet1 9 c]ta9 regions1 he f\nd 8reason to believe t ! />s are n[ draw+ t[>ds v>i\s second>y c5tres1 & w 9 "t sep>ate into diff]5t clu/]s40 ,z an example ( ! ravages ( "t ^u ! galactic /ructure1 he adv]t$ to a black op5+1 f\r degrees wide1 9 ! ,zodiacal ,scorpion1 bord]$ on ! we/ by an exce$+ly compact clu/] 7,messi]'s ,no4 #hj71 possibly =m$1 he ?\ght1 ( />s drawn f ! adjac5t vacancy4 ,! *asm 0 to him "o ( ! mo/ impressive ( cele/ial ph5om5a4 ,8 si/] pres]v$ an indelible recollection ( he>+ him1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 obs]vations1 aft] a long1 awful sil5ce1 exclaim1 8,hi] i/ wahrhaftig e9 ,lo* im ,himmel60 7,"h1 truly1 is a hole 9 ! sky72 & he recurr$ to its exam9ation night aft] night & ye> aft] ye>1 )\t ev] cle>+ up1 to 8 complete satisfaction1 ! my/]y ( its orig94 ,! clu/] significantly locat$ at its edge 0 lit up 9 #ahfj by ! outbur/ ( a tempor>y />4 ,?is 0 n ! sole in/ance not$ by ,h]s*el ( ! conjunction ( a *asm ) a clu/]2 & *asms & clu/]s alike told ! same /ory ( dilapidation4 ,he =esaw1 accord+ly1 z inevitable1 ! ev5tual 8break+-up0 ( ! ,milky ,way into _m small1 b indep5d5t nebul4 8,! /ate into :i* ! incessant action ( ! clu/]+ p[] has br\ght x at pres5t10 he wrote 9 #ahad1 8is a k9d ( *ronomet] t may be us$ to measure ! "t ( its pa/ & future exi/5ce2 & al?\gh we d n "k ! rate ( go+ ( ?is my/]i\s *ronomet]1 x is1 nev]!less1 c]ta9 t s9ce ! break+ up ( ! ,milky ,way af=ds a pro( t x _c la/ = ev]1 x equally be>s witness t its pa/ duration _c be admitt$ to be inf9ite40 ,?us ! idea ( e/imat+ ! relative 8ages0 ( cele/ial objects--( arrang+ !m accord+ to _! progress 9 developm5t1 orig9at$ ) ,h]s*el 9 #aghi4 8,?is me?od ( view+ ! heav5s10 he add$1 8seems to ?r[ !m into a new k9d ( light4 ,!y are n[ se5 to resemble a luxuriant g>d5 :i* conta9s ! greate/ v>iety ( productions 9 diff]5t fl\ri%+ b$s2 & "o advantage we may at lea/ reap f x is t we c1 z x 71 ext5d ! range ( our exp]i5ce to an imm5se duration4 ,=1 is x n almo/ ! same ?+ :e!r we live successively to witness ! g]m9ation1 bloom+1 foliage1 fecundity1 fad+1 )]+1 & corruption ( a plant1 or :e!r a va/ numb] ( specim5s1 select$ f e /age ?r\gh :i* ! plant passes 9 ! c\rse ( its exi/5ce1 be br\ght at once to our view80 ,b :ile he foll[$ ! l9e ( cont9uity ?us vividly trac$1 ano!r cross+1 & m or less int]f]+ ) x1 op5$ out be=e him4 ,! discov]y ( a /> 9 ,taurus1 8surr\nd$ ) a fa9tly lum9\s atmosph]e10 l$ him1 9 #agia1 to revise 8 previ\s op9ions reg>d+ ! nature ( nebul4 ,he 0 n at all a%am$ ( ?is fre% />t4 ,no fe> ( 8committ+ himself0 det]r$ him f imp>t+ ! ?\ghts t accompani$ 8 multud9\s obs]vations4 ,he felt committ$ to no?+ b tru?4 ,he 0 advanc+ into an untrodd5 c\ntry4 ,at e /ep he came ^u unexpect$ po9ts ( view4 ,! bugbe> ( inconsi/5cy c\ld n prev5t him f tak+ advantage ( ea* 9 turn to ga9 a wid] prospect4 ,until #agia ,h]s*el nev] d\bt$ t gradations ( di/ance fully acc\nt$ = gradations ( nebul> resolvability4 ,he _h be5 l$ on1 he expla9$1 by almo/ imp]ceptible degrees f evid5t clu/]s to spots )\t a trace ( /ell> =mation1 no break any:]e sugge/+ ! possibility ( a radical diff]5ce ( con/itution4 8,:5 ,i pursu$ ^! rese>*es10 he w5t on1 8,i 0 9 ! situation ( a natural philosoph] :o foll[s ! v>i\s species ( animals & insects f ! height ( _! p]fection d[n to ! l[e/ ebb ( life2 :51 arriv+ at ! vegetable k+dom1 he c sc>cely po9t out to u ! precise b\nd>y :]e ! animal ceases & ! plant beg9s2 & may ev5 g s f> z to suspect !m n to be ess5tially diff]5t4 ,b1 recollect+ himself1 he comp>es1 = in/ance1 "o ( ! human species to a tree1 & all d\bt ^u ! subject vani%es4 ,9 ! same mann] we pass by g5tle /eps f a co>se clu/] to an object su* z ! nebula 9 ,orion1 :]e we are /ill incl9$ to rema9 9 ! once adopt$ idea ( />s exce$+ly remote & inconceivably cr[d$1 z be+ ! occasion ( t rem>kable appe>ance4 ,x seems1 !re=e1 to require a m dissimil> object to set u "r aga94 ,a glance l t ( ! naturali/1 :o ca/s 8 eye f ! p]fect animal to ! p]fect vegetable1 is want+ to remove ! veil f ! m9d ( ! a/ronom]4 ,! object ,i h m5tion$ above is ! ph5om5on t 0 want+4 ,view1 = in/ance1 ! n9ete5? clu/] ( my six? class1 & aft]w>ds ca/ y\r eye on ?is cl\dy />1 & ! result w be no less decisive ?an t ( ! naturali/4 ,our judgm5t1 ,i v5ture to say1 w be t ! nebulosity ab\t ! /> is n ( a />ry nature40 ,9 ?is mann] he inf]r$ ! exi/5ce ( real nebul\s matt]--( a 8%9+ fluid0 ( unkn[n & unimag9able prop]ties4 ,0 x p]haps1 he ask$ himself1 a display ( electrical illum9ation1 l ! aurora borealis1 or did x r resemble ! 8magnific5t cone ( ! zodiacal light80 ,a b\ndless field ( speculation 0 ?r[n op54 8,^! nebul\s />s10 he add$1 8may s]ve z a clue to unravel o!r my/]i\s ph5om5a40 ,z _! close allies1 he n[ recognis$ planet>y nebul1 ! 8milk9ess1 or s(t t9t ( _! light10 agree+ mu* bett] ) ! supposition ( a fluid1 ?an ( a /ell> condition4 ,& he rightly plac$ 9 ! same category ! ,orion nebula1 & c]ta9 8diffus$ nebulosities0 :i* he _h obs]v$ j to t>ni% ! sky ov] wide areas4 ,^! la/ might1 he consid]$1 be q ne> ! e>?1 & ! object 9 ,orion n m di/ant ?an p]haps an av]age second magnitude />4 ,! relations ( ! sid]eal to ! nebul> 8pr9ciple0 ex]cis$ ,h]s*el's ?\ghts dur+ _m ye>s4 ,he _h no soon] reason$ out ! exi/5ce 9 int]/ell> space ( a r>efi$1 self-lum9\s sub/ance1 ?an he began to int]rogate himself z to its probable function4 ,nature 0 to him ! expression ( ,supreme ,reason4 ,he c\ld only conceive ( h] do+s z direct$ t[>ds an intelligible end4 ,h5ce 8 confid5ce t rational inve/igation mu/ lead to tru?4 ,already 9 #agia he h9t$ at ! conclusion :i* he =esaw4 ,! envelope ( a 8cl\dy />0 01 he decl>$1 8m fit to produce a /> by its cond5sation ?an to dep5d ^u ! /> = its exi/5ce40 ,& ! surmise 0 confirm$ by 8 detection1 9 a planet>y nebula1 ( a %>p nucleus1 or 8g5]at+ />10 possibly to be complet$ 9 "t by ! fur!r accumulation ( lum9\s matt]4 ,8 conjectures develop$ 9 #ahaa into a =mal !ory4 ,! cosmical fluid 0 met ) 9 all /ages ( cond5sation4 ,nebul\s tracts ( almo/ evanesc5t lu/re 7 connect$ 9 an unbrok5 s]ies ) slightly 8burr$0 objects1 want+ only a few la/ t\*es to make !m f9i%$ />s4 ,! extremes1 z he said1 _h be51 by 8 8critical exam9ation ( ! nebul\s sy/em10 8connect$ by su* ne>ly alli$ int]m$iate /eps1 z w make x highly probable t e succe$+ /ate ( ! nebul\s matt] is ! result ( ! action ( gravitation ^u x :ile 9 a =ego+ "o40 ,9 #ahad he trac$ ! progress t[>ds maturity ( b9>y sy/ems4 ,orig9at+ 9 d\ble nebul incompletely dissev]$--,siamese-tw9 objects1 ( :i* he _h collect$ #aci examples--!y next appe>$ z nebul\sly-connect$ />s1 f9ally z a pair mat]ially isolat$1 & l9k$ toge!r by ! sole tie ( gravitation4 ,scatt]$ clu/]s repres5t$1 9 8 s*eme ( cele/ial progress1 a /ate antec$5t to t ( globul> clu/]s4 8,! /ill rema9+ irregul>ity ( _! arrangem5t10 he said1 8additionally proves t ! action ( ! clu/]+ p[] has n be5 ex]t$ long en\gh to produce a m artificial con/ruction40 ,he made1 too1 ! important admission t clu/]s app>5tly 891 or v ne> ! ,milky ,way10 7 truly "p & p>cel ( t complex agglom]ation4 ,b :at ( 8 8fifte5 hundr$ univ]ses10 :i* _h n[ logically ceas$ to exi/8 ,! /ell> & nebul> 8pr9ciples0 _h virtually coalesc$2 bo? 7 includ$ 9 ! galactic sy/em4 ,! "q ( 8isl& univ]ses0 0 accord+ly left 9 abeyance2 al?\gh ,h]s*el c]ta9ly believ$ 9 #ahah t among ! multitude ( 8ambigu\s objects0--we %\ld call !m irresolvable nebul--_m ext]ior firmam5ts 7 includ$4 ,yet :at he _h asc]ta9$ ab\t ! di/ribution ( nebul %\ld alone h suffic$ to %att] ?is remnant ( a conviction4 ,! fact became cle> to him dur+ ! progress ( 8 8sweeps0 t nebul1 to "s ext5t1 replace />s4 ,he f\nd !m to occur 9 8p>cels10 m or less emb$d$ ) />s1 8b$s0 & 8p>cels0 toge!r be+ surr\nd$ by blank spaces4 ,?is arrangem5t grew s famili> to him t he us$ to notify 8 assi/ant1 :5 />s ?9n$ out 9 ! zone he 0 trav]s+1 8to prep>e = nebul40 ,a wid] relation%ip1 br\ght )9 view by ! l>ge scale ( 8 lab\rs1 0 def9$ by 8 =tunate habit ( *>t+1 = conv5i5ce ( id5tification1 ea* newly-discov]$ bat* ( nebul4 8,a v rem>kable circum/ance10 he wrote 9 #aghd1 8att5d+ ! nebul & clu/]s ( />s1 is t !y are arrang$ into /rata1 :i* seem to run on to a great l5g?2 & "s ( !m ,i h already be5 able to pursue1 s z to guess pretty well at _! =m & direction4 ,x is probable en\gh t !y may surr\nd ! :ole app>5t sph]e ( ! heav5s1 n unlike ! ,milky ,way40 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> he spoke no long] ( a zone1 b ( two va/ gr\p+s ( nebul ab\t ! opposite poles ( ! ,milky ,way4 ,t is to say1 :]e />s are sc>ce/ nebul are mo/ abundant4 ,! correspond5ce did n escape him2 b he did n recognise its ar*itectonic mean+4 ,he _h trac$ out ! ma9 plan ( ! /ell> _w2 he _h discov]$1 n m]ely ?\s&s ( nebul1 b ! nebul> sy/em2 he _h %[n t />s & nebul 7 intimately associat$2 he _h ev5 made x cle> t nebul> di/ribution 0 gov]n$ by ! l9es ( galactic /ructure4 ,x only rema9$ to draw ! obvi\s inf]5ce t ^! relat$ p>ts made up "o :ole--t no m ?an a s+le univ]se is laid op5 to human contemplation4 ,?is 0 done by ,:ewell ?irty ye>s aft] 8 dea?4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,h]s*el',s ,,special ,,inve/igations4 ,d\ble />s 71 :5 ,h]s*el began to pay att5tion to !m1 reg>d$ z m]e *ance productions4 ,no suspicion 0 ent]ta9$ t a real1 physical bond unit$ _! compon5ts4 ,only ! ,jesuit a/ronom]1 ,*ri/ian ,may]1 ma9ta9$ t bright />s 7 (t5 att5d$ by fa9t ones2 & s9ce 8 obs]vations 7 n su* z to inspire mu* confid5ce1 8 ass]tions c\nt$ = v little4 8,9 my op9ion10 ,h]s*el wrote 9 #aghb1 8x is mu* too soon to =m any !ories ( small />s revolv+ r\nd l>ge ones40 ,he1 inde$1 probably ev5 !n1 suspect$ t close equal />s =m$ g5u9e c\ples2 b he wait$1 if s1 = evid5ce ( ! connection4 ,! *ief subject ( 8 exp]im5ts on p>allax 0 ,epsilon ,botis1 an exquisitely t9t$1 unequal pair4 ,b he soon became aw>e t ei!r /ell> p>allax 0 elusively small1 or t he 0 on ! wrong track = detect+ x4 ,&1 s9ce 8 fav\rite />s h prov$ to be a b9>y comb9ation1 x 01 ( c\rse1 draw+ wat] 9 a sieve to make "o ! te/ ( p]spective %ift+ 9 ! o!r4 ,! numb] ( ,h]s*el's d\ble />s alone %[$ !m to be integral p>ts ( an express design4 ,su* a crop ( casualties 0 out ( all reasonable "q4 ,& x 0 actually po9t$ out 9 #aghd by ,john ,mi*ell1 a man ( extraord9>y sagacity1 t ! odds 9 fav\r ( _! physical union 7 truly 8beyond ari?metic40 ,h]s*el meantime kept !m "u wat* & w>d1 & aft] ! lapse ( a score ( ye>s f\nd himself 9 a position to speak decisively4 ,on ,july #a1 #ahjb1 he in=m$ ! ,royal ,society t 8casual situations w n acc\nt = ! multipli$ ph5om5a ( d\ble />s10 add+1 8,i %all soon communicate a s]ies ( obs]vations prov+ t _m ( !m h already *ang$ _! situation 9 a progressive c\rse1 d5ot+ a p]iodical revolution r\nd ea* o!r40 ,a ye> lat] he amply fulfill$ ?is pl$ge4 ,discuss+ 9 detail ! displacem5ts br\ght to light by 8 pati5t measurem5ts1 he made x cle> t !y c\ld be acc\nt$ = only by suppos+ ! six c\ples 9 "q to be 8real b9>y comb9ations1 intimately held toge!r by ! bond ( mutual attraction40 ,8 conclusion 01 9 ea* case1 ratifi$ by subsequ5t obs]vation4 ,! />s in/anc$ by him--,ca/or1 ,gamma ,leonis1 ,epsilon ,botis1 ,delta ,s]p5tis1 ,gamma ,virg9is1 & ,zeta ,h]culis--are all not$ b9>ies4 ,n satisfi$ ) e/abli%+ ! fact1 ,h]s*el assign$ ! p]iods ( _! revolutions4 ,b he c\ld only d s on ! hypo!sis ( circul> motion1 :ile ! real orbits are highly elliptical4 ,8 e/imates !n w5t necess>ily wide ( ! m>k4 ,= "o pair only1 he 0 able to use an obs]vation ant]ior to 8 own4 ,bradley _h r\ghly fix$1 9 #agei1 ! relative position ( ! compon5ts ( ,ca/or1 ! f9e/ d\ble /> 9 ! nor!rn heav5s2 & ! pres]vation ( ! record 9 ,dr4 ,maskelyne's note-book ext5d$ by tw5ty ye>s ! basis ( ,h]s*el's conclusions reg>d+ ?is sy/em4 ,he cont9u$1 9 #ahjc1 8 discussions ( d\ble />s2 ann\nc$ a leisurely circulation ( bo? ! pairs compos+ ! typical 8d\ble-d\ble />10 ,epsilon ,lyr2 & conjectur$ ! union ( ! two into "o gr& :ole--a =eca/ v]ifi$ by ! evid5ce ( common prop] motion4 ,! ,annus ,magnus ( ! quadruple sy/em _c1 accord+ to ,flamm>ion1 be less ?an a million ( ye>s4 ,! discov]y ( b9>y />s 01 9 ,arago's phrase1 8"o ) a future40 ,9 itself an amaz+ revelation1 x m>k$ ! beg9n+ ( a s]ies ( inve/igations ( imm5se v>iety & importance4 ,by x1 a sci5ce ( sid]eal me*anics 0 %[n to be possible2 ! sway ( gravitation receiv$ an unlimit$ ext5sion2 & ! p]ception ( ord]1 :i* is ! precursor ( k1 rang$ at once ov] ! :ole visible creation4 ,h]s*el1 x is true1 _h n ! means ( =mally prov+ t /ell> orbits are describ$ 9 ob$i5ce to ! ,newtonian law4 ,8 affirmative ass]tion re/$ only on ! analogy ( ! sol> sy/em4 ,b ! rightness ( 8 judgm5t has nev] s]i\sly be5 call$ 9 "q4 ,8 rese>* into ! transport ( ! sol> sy/em ?r\gh space prov$1 z ,bessel said1 t ! activity ( 8 m9d 0 indep5d5t ( ! /imulus suppli$ by 8 own obs]vations4 ,x 0 "o ( 8 mo/ brilliant p]=mances4 ,! detection ( progressive />-movem5ts 0 due to ,halley4 ,x 0 ann\nc$ 9 #agah4 ,! bright objects spangl+ ! sky are !n 8fix$0 only 9 "n4 8,b if ! prop] motion ( ! />s be admitt$10 ask$ ,h]s*el1 8:o c d5y t ( our sun80 ,! same idea _h occurr$ to sev]al e>li] a/ronom]s1 b only "o1 ,tobias ,may]1 ( ,gtt+51 _h tri$ to te/ x practically2 & he _h fail$4 8,to disc]n ! prop] motion ( ! sun betwe5 s _m o!r motions ( ! />s10 ,h]s*el might well designate 8an ardu\s task40 ,yet x 0 n on t acc\nt to be neglect$4 ,! conditions ( ! problem 7 p]fectly cle> to him4 ,if ! sun alone 7 9 motion1 ! />s %\ld unanim\sly appe> to drift backw>d f ! 8apex10 or po9t on ! sph]e t[>ds :i* 8 j\rney 0 direct$4 ,! heav5s w\ld op5 out 9 front ( 8 advance1 & close up beh9d4 ,! effect 0 comp>$ by ,may] to ! wid5+ prospect & n>r[+ vi/a ( trees to a man walk+ ?r\gh a =e/4 ,on ?is supposition1 ! p]spective displacem5ts ( any two />s suffici5tly f> ap>t 9 ! sky w\ld suffice to det]m9e ! sol> apex4 ,= x %\ld co9cide ) ! int]section ( ! two great circles cont9u+ ! directions ( ^? displacem5ts4 ,b ! "q is f> f be+ ( ?is elem5t>y nature4 ,! />s are all flitt+ ab\t on _! own acc\nt1 aft]--to our appreh5sion--a haphaz>d fa%ion4 ,! sole elem5t ( g5]al congruity traceable among !m is t 8sy/ematic1 or high]1 p>allax10 by :i* ea* ( !m is1 accord+ to a det]m9ate proportion1 inevitably affect$4 ,if ?is c be elicit$1 ! l9e ( ! sun's progress becomes at once kn[n4 ,h]s*el treat$ ! subject 9 ! simple/ possible mann]4 ,/rik+ a balance betwe5 ! prop] motions ( only sev5 />s1 he d$uc$1 9 #aghc1 f simple geometrical consid]ations1 an apex = ! sun's way1 m>k$ by ! /> ,lambda ,h]culis4 ,b :ile he seem$ to proce$ by rule1 he 0 really l$ by ! un]r+ in/9ct ( g5ius4 ,8 mode ( conduct+ an inve/igation1 small 9 compass1 yet almo/ inconceivably gr& 9 import1 di/ances praise4 ,its directness & app>5t artlessness /rike u dumb ) wond]4 ,em95tly suit$ to ! mat]ials at 8 comm&1 x 0 summ>y1 yet1 )9 fairly n>r[ limits1 secure4 ,& ! result has /ood ! te/ ( "t4 ,x ranks1 ev5 n[1 z a valuable approximation to ! tru?4 ,he himself reg>d$ 8 essay z no?+ m ?an an exp]im5tal ef=t4 ,9 a lett] to ,dr4 ,wilson1 ( ,glasg[1 he express$ 8 appreh5sions le/ 8 pap] on ! sun's motion 8might be too mu* out ( ! way to des]ve ! notice ( a/ronom]s40 ,provid$ ) ,maskelyne's table ( ?irty-six prop] motions1 he resum$ ! subject 9 #ahje4 ,he n[ employ$ a graphical me?od1 draw+ great circles to repres5t ! obs]v$ /ell> movem5ts1 & plant+ 8 apex imp>tially 9 ! mid/ ( _! int]sections4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 less happily locat$ ?an t ( #aghc4 ,! con/ellation ,h]cules aga9 j includ$ x2 b x lay c]ta9ly too f> we/1 & probably too f> nor?4 ,! memoir convey+ ! up%ot ( ! rese>* is1 none ! less1 a ma/]piece4 ,philosophy & common-s5se h r>ely be5 s =tunately bl5d$ z 9 ?is discussion4 ,)\t any ma!matical app>atus1 ! plan ( attack ^u a recondite problem is exp\nd$ ) ! utmo/ g5]ality & precision4 ,! reason+ is /rong & sure2 intelligible to ! ignorant1 in/ructive to ! le>n$4 ,9 8 e>li] pap]1 ,h]s*el1 :ile v5tur+ only to 8(f] a few di/ant h9ts0 z to ! rate ( ! sun's travell+1 express$ ! op9ion t x c\ld 8c]ta9ly n be less ?an t :i* ! e>? has 9 h] annual orbit40 ,t is to say1 8 m9imum e/imate 0 !n n9ete5 miles p] second4 ,a direct inquiry1 on ! o!r h&1 conv9c$ him1 9 #ahjf1 t ! sol> motion1 view$ at "r angles f ! di/ance ( ,sirius1 w\ld cov] ye>ly an arc ( #a4 #aab4 ,?is he call$ 8its quantity20 ! correspond+ velocity rema9$ undet]m9$4 ,we c1 h[ev]1 n[1 s9ce ! real di/ance ( 8 assum$ /ation has be5 det]m9$1 translate ?is angul> value into a l9e> spe$ ( ab\t n9e miles a second4 ,! mean ( 8 two e/imates1 or f\rte5 miles a second1 probably diff]s little f ! actual rate at :i* ! sol> sy/em is be+ borne to its unimag9able de/9ation4 ,8 conclusions reg>d+ ! sol> translation obta9$ little notice1 & less acceptance f 8 contempor>ies & imm$iate successors4 ,8 son reject$ !m z untru/wor?y2 ,bessel1 ! greate/ au?ority ( 8 "t 9 ! sci5ce ( 8h[ ! heav5s move10 decl>$ 9 #ahah t ! sun's apex might be situat$ 9 any o!r "p ( ! sky ) z mu* probability z 9 ! con/ellation ,h]cules4 ,n until ,argel&]1 by a /rict treatm5t ( multipli$ & improv$ data1 arriv$ 9 #ahcg at practically ! same result1 did ,h]s*el's anticipatory ef=ts obta9 ! recognition !y des]v$4 ,sc>cely 9 any dep>tm5t has !re be5 put on record s well-direct$ a leap into ! d>k ( com+ discov]y4 ,! sy/ematic light-measurem5t ( ! />s began ) ! same untir+ inve/igator4 ,he describ$ 9 #agif ! me?od s9ce nam$ t ( 8sequ5ces10 & pres5t$ to ! ,royal ,society ! fir/ ( six ,photometric ,catalogues embrac+ ne>ly all ! #b1ice />s 9 ,flam/e$'s 8,briti% ,catalogue40 ,!y gave comp>ative brightnesses e/imat$ ) ! nak$ eye2 classification by magnitudes 0 put aside z vague & mislead+4 ,! 8sequ5ces0 s]v+ = _! con/ruction 7 li/s ( />s arrang$1 by repeat$ trials1 9 ord] ( lu/re1 & r5d]$ mutually comp>able by ! inclusion 9 ea* ( a few memb]s ( ! prec$+ s]ies4 ,_! comb9ation into a catalogue 0 !n easily effect$4 8,simple z my me?od is 9 pr9ciple10 he rem>k$1 8x is v labori\s 9 its progress40 ,on a re/rict$ scale x is /ill employ$ = foll[+ ! gradations ( *ange 9 v>iable />s4 ,^! rese>*es lay1 z ,pr(essor ,hold5 expresses x1 8directly on ! l9e ( ,h]s*el's ma9 "w40 ,! sep>ation ( ! />s into light-ranks intimates at once some?+ z to _! di/ribution 9 space2 b ! intimations may prove deceptive unless ! divisions be accurately e/abli%$4 ,h5ce1 /ell> photometry is an indisp5sable adjunct to ! /udy ( sid]eal con/ruction4 ,h]s*el prosecut$ ! subject besides ) a view to asc]ta9+ ! con/ancy ( /ell> lu/re4 ,he _h be5 /ruck ) s+ul> discordances betwe5 magnitudes assign$ at diff]5t dates4 ,n to m5tion />s obvi\sly v>iable1 !re 7 o!rs :i* seem$ to be affect$ by a sl[1 secul> wax+ or wan+4 ,9 "s ( ! in/ances alleg$ by him1 ! alt]ation 0 no d\bt fictiti\s--a record ( antique errors2 b !re 0 a g5u9e residuum4 ,?us1 ! immemorially obs]v$ con/itu5ts ( ! ,pl\gh pres]ve no fix$ ord] ( relative brilliancy1 n[ "o1 n[ ano!r ( ! septett hav+1 at sundry epo*s1 assum$ ! primacy2 :ile a small /> 9 ! same gr\p1 ,alcor1 ! 8rid]0 ( ! second 8horse10 has1 9 ! c\rse ( a mill5nium1 pla9ly ?r[n (f "s "p ( its =m] obscurity4 ,! ,arabs 9 ! des]t reg>d$ x z a te/ ( p5etrat+ vision2 & !y 7 accu/om$ to oppose 8,suhel0 to 8,suha0 7,canopus to ,alcor7 z occupy+ respectively ! highe/ & l[e/ po/s 9 ! cele/ial hi]>*y4 ,s t ,vidit ,alcor1 at non lunam pl5am1 came to be a prov]bial description ( "o ke5ly alive to trifles1 b dull ( appreh5sion = broad facts4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ,alcor is an easy nak$-eye object4 ,"o ne$s n be a 8tailor ( ,breslau10 or a ,sib]ian savage1 to see x4 ,! little /> is unmi/akably m lum9\s ?an ( old4 ,an inv]sion ( brilliancy betwe5 ,ca/or & ,pollux1 & betwe5 ! two lead+ />s 9 ! ,:ale1 is fur!r g5]ally admitt$ to h tak5 place dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! preval5ce ( su* vicissitudes 0 deeply impressive to ,h]s*el1 especially ?r\gh _! be>+ ^u ! pa/ & future hi/ory ( our own planet4 8,if10 he said1 8! simil>ity ( />s ) our sun be admitt$1 h[ necess>y w x be to take notice ( ! fate ( our neighb\r+ suns1 9 ord] to guess at t ( our own4 ,! /> :i* we h dignifi$ by ! "n ( ,sun may to-morr[ beg9 to und]go a gradual decay ( brightness1 l ,alpha ,ceti1 ,alpha ,draconis1 ,delta ,urs ,majoris1 & _m o!r dim9i%+ />s4 ,x may sudd5ly increase l ! wond]ful /> 9 ,cassiopeia1 or gradually come on l ,pollux1 ,beta ,ceti1 etc4 ,&1 la/ly1 x may turn into a p]iodical "o ( tw5ty-five days' duration 7! sol> p]iod ( rotation71 z ,algol is "o ( ?ree days1 ,delta ,cephei ( five days1 etc40 ,he f\nd x1 accord+ly1 8p]haps ! easie/ way ( acc\nt+ = pa/ *anges 9 climate to surmise t our sun has be5 =m]ly sometimes m1 sometimes less1 bright ?an x is at pres5t40 ,h]s*el attempt$1 9 #agih1 to analyse />-col\rs by means ( a prism appli$ to ! eye-glasses ( 8 reflector4 ,no?+ ( mom5t c\ld at t "t come ( su* exp]im5ts2 b !y des]ve to be rememb]$ z a sort ( premonition ( future me?ods ( rese>* into ! physical condition ( ! />s4 ,8 att5tion to ! sun might h be5 exclusive1 s dilig5t 0 8 scrut9y ( its %9+ surface4 ,_m ( its peculi>ities 7 fir/ describ$ by him1 & none escap$ him1 except ! 8deep] deep10 or black nucleus ( spots1 detect$ by ,dawes 9 #aheb4 ,! dusky 8pores0 & brilliant 8nodules10 ! corrugations1 ind5tations1 & ridges2 ! manifold aspects ( spots1 or 8op5+s20 _! 8lum9\s %elv+ sides10 kn[n z p5umbr2 7 all not$ 9 detail1 rang$ 9 prop] ord]1 & /udi$ 9 _! mutual relations4 ,spots pres5t$ !mselves to him z evid5t depressions 9 ! lum9\s disc2 facul1 8s f> f resembl+ tor*es10 appe>$ 8l ! %rivell$ elevations ^u a dri$ apple1 ext5d$ 9 l5g?1 & mo/ ( !m jo9$ toge!r1 mak+ waves1 or wav+ l9es40 ,t[>ds ! nor? & s\?1 he w5t on1 8,i see no facul2 !re is all ov] ! sun a great unev5ness1 :i* has ! appe>ance ( a mixture ( small po9ts ( an unequal light2 b !y are evid5tly a r\ghness ( high & l[ p>ts40 ,8 !ory ( ! sol> con/itution 0 a developm5t ( ,wilson's4 ,x 0 cle>ly conceiv$1 firmly held1 & boldly put =w>d4 ,! def9ite picturesqu5ess1 moreov]1 ( ! language 9 :i* x 0 clo!d1 at once laid hold ( ! public imag9ation1 & gave x a place 9 public fav\r f :i* x 0 dislodg$ only by ! irresi/ible assaults ( spectrum analysis4 ,! sun 0 reg>d$ by ,h]s*el z a cool d>k body surr\nd$ by an ext5sive atmosph]e made up ( v>i\s ela/ic fluids4 ,its upp] /ratum--,s*rt] nam$ x ! 8photosph]e0--0 ( cl\d-l composition1 & consi/$ ( lucid matt] precipitat$ f ! ela/ic m$ium by :i* x 0 su/a9$4 ,its dep? 0 e/imat$ at two or ?ree ?\s& miles1 & ! nature ( its emissions sugge/$ a comp>ison ) ! d5se/ coruscations ( ! aurora borealis4 ,bel[ lay a region ( 8planet>y10 or protective cl\ds4 ,d5se1 opaque1 & highly reflective1 8!y mu/ add10 he said1 8a mo/ capital support to ! spl5d\r ( ! sun by ?r[+ back s great a %>e ( ! brightness com+ to !m40 ,_! movem5ts betray$ ! action ( vehem5t w9ds2 & inde$ ! cont9ual 8lum9\s decompositions0 produc+ ! radiat+ %ell1 ) ! consequ5t reg5]ation ( atmosph]ic gases b5ea?1 8mu/ unavoidably be att5d$ ) great agitations1 su* z ) u might ev5 be call$ hurricanes40 ,! =mation & asc5t ( 8empyreal gas0 w\ld cause1 :5 mod]ate 9 quantity1 pores1 or small op5+s 9 ! brilliant lay]s4 ,b %\ld x happ5 to be g5]at$ 9 uncommon quantities1 8x w bur/ ?r\gh ! planet>y regions ( cl\ds1 & ?us w produce great op5+s2 !n1 spread+ itself above !m1 x w occasion l>ge %all[s1 &1 mix+ aft]w>ds gradually ) o!r sup]ior gases1 x w promote ! increase1 & assi/ 9 ! ma9t5ance ( ! g5]al lum9\s ph5om5a40 ,! solid globe ?us girt r\nd ) cl\d & fire 0 depict$ z a highly eligible place ( resid5ce4 ,an equable climate1 romantic sc5]y1 luxuriant vegetation1 smil+ l&scapes1 7 to be f\nd !re4 ,x might1 accord+ly1 be admitt$ )\t hesitation t 8! sun 0 ri*ly /or$ ) inhabitants40 ,= ! lucid %ell visible f ! ext]ior possess$1 accord+ to ?is !ory1 none ( ! all-consum+ ard\r n[ attribut$ to x4 ,its blaze 0 a sup]ficial display2 b5ea?1 8! imm5se curta9 ( ! planet>y cl\ds 0 ev]y:]e closely drawn0 r\nd a _w p]fectly accommodat$ to vital ne$s4 ,9 ord] to reconcile ?is suppos$ /ate ( ?+s ) ! obs]v$ ord] ( nature1 x 0 sugge/$ t traces ( x subsi/ 9 ! planets1 8all ( :i*1 we h pretty good reason to believe1 emit light 9 "s degree40 ,! night-side illum9ation ( ,v5us1 ! s9i/] gl>e ( ! eclips$ moon1 ! auroral glimm]+s ( ! e>?1 7 adduc$ z evid5ce to ?is effect4 ,! contra/ betwe5 ! c5tral body & its dep5dants 0 s(t5$ d[n to ! utmo/4 8,! sun1 view$ 9 ?is light10 ,h]s*el wrote 9 #agid1 8appe>s to be no?+ else ?an a v em95t1 l>ge1 & lucid planet1 evid5tly ! fir/1 or1 9 /rictness ( speak+1 ! only prim>y "o ( our sy/em2 all o!rs be+ truly second>y to x4 ,its simil>ity to ! o!r globes ( ! sol> sy/em ) reg>d to its solidity1 its atmosph]e1 & its div]sifi$ surface2 ! rotation ^u its axis1 & ! fall ( heavy bodies1 lead u on to suppose t x is also mo/ probably inhabit$1 l ! re/ ( ! planets1 by be+s ^: organs are adapt$ to ! peculi> circum/ances ( t va/ globe40 ,to u1 ne>+ ! grey dawn ( ! tw5tie? c5tury1 ! idea seems extravagant2 x 01 9 ! eighte5?1 plausible & allur+4 ,! philosoph]s ( t age reg>d$ ! multiplicity ( inhabit$ worlds z ( axiomatic c]ta9ty4 ,! wide/ possible diffusion ( life foll[$1 !y held1 z a coroll>y f ! b5efic5ce ( ! ,creator2 :ile _! s5se ( economy r5d]$ !m intol]ant ( wa/$ globes4 ,h]s*el 0 !n reluctant to attribute to ! sun a purely altrui/ic exi/5ce4 ,only f ! po9t ( view ( our small t]re/rial egotism c\ld s glori\s a body figure z solely an attractive c5tre1 & a focus ( w>m? & illum9ation to a gr\p ( planets4 ,besides1 look+ abroad ?r\gh ! univ]se1 we see multitudes ( />s :i* c ex]cise no m9i/]ial functions4 ,^? unit$ to =m compress$ clu/]s1 or simply jo9$ 9 pairs1 are unlikely1 x 0 argu$1 to c>ry a tra9 ( satellites ) !m 9 _! complex circl+s4 ,unless1 !n1 8we w\ld make !m m]e useless brilliant po9ts10 !y mu/ 8exi/ = !mselves10 & claim prim>y p>ts 9 ! great cosmical life-drama4 ,h]s*el's sun is to u mod]ns a :olly fabul\s body4 ,/ill1 !re is a fanta/ic magnific5ce ab\t ! conception s /rongly realis$ by 8 p[]ful imag9ation4 ,moreov]1 its sci5tific value 0 by no means inconsid]able4 ,x repres5t$ ! fir/ s]i\s ef=t to co-ord9ate sol> ph5om5a2 x impli$ ! spontane\s action ( "s sort ( ma*9]y = ! production ( light & heat4 ,spots 7 associat$ ) a circulatory process2 ! photosph]e 0 portray$ "u its true aspect4 ,! p]si/5ce ( its holl[s & heights1 its pores & rugosities1 conv9c$ ,h]s*el t ! lu/r\s sub/ance compos+ x 0 8nei!r a liquid nor an ela/ic fluid10 :i* %\ld at once subside into an unbrok5 level4 8,x exi/s1 !re=e10 he inf]r$1 89 ! mann] ( lucid cl\ds swimm+ 9 ! transp>5t atmosph]e ( ! sun40 8,! influ5ce ( ?is em95t body on ! globe we inhabit10 he wrote1 cont9u+ ! subject 9 #ahja1 8is s great1 & s widely diffus$1 t x becomes almo/ a duty to /udy ! op]ations :i* are c>ri$ on ^u ! sol> surface40 ,?is duty he fulfill$ to p]fection4 ,8 telescopic read+s f ! *angeful sol> disc 7 ( extraord9>y precision & compreh5siv5ess4 ,!y %[ 8 p[]s z an obs]v] p]haps at _! be/4 ,&1 s9ce reason+ 0 ) him insep>able f see+1 ! appe>ances he not$ took1 z if ( _! own accord1 _! prop] places4 ,! hi/ory ( spots 0 completely trac$4 ,he record$ _! bir? by ! enl>gem5t ( pores2 _! developm5t & sub-division2 e/abli%$ _! connexion ) facul\s matt]1 pil$ up beside !m l m\nta9-ranges r\nd an ,alp9e lake1 or flung across _! cavities l blaz+ susp5sion-bridges2 & wat*$ f9ally _! clos+-up & effacem5t1 n ev5 omitt+ ! po/-mortem exam9ation ( ! di/urbances !y left beh9d4 ,"o ( ,h]s*el's curi\sly orig9al ent]prises 0 8 attempt to asc]ta9 a possible connexion betwe5 sol> & t]re/rial physics4 8,i am n[ mu* incl9$ to believe10 he /at$ 9 #ahja1 8t op5+s ) great %all[s1 ridges1 nodules1 & corrugations1 may lead u to expect a copi\s emission ( heat1 &1 !re=e1 mild seasons4 ,& t1 on ! contr>y1 pores1 small ind5tations1 & a poor appe>ance ( ! lum9\s cl\ds1 ! abs5ce ( ridges & nodules1 & ( l>ge op5+s & %all[s1 w d5ote a sp>e emission ( heat1 & may induce u to expect sev]e seasons4 ,a con/ant obs]vation ( ! sun ) ?is view1 & a prop] in=mation respect+ ! g5]al mildness or sev]ity ( ! seasons 9 all p>ts ( ! _w1 may br+ ?is !ory to p]fection1 or refute x1 if x be n well f\nd$40 ,b ! available data reg>d+ wea!r-*anges turn+ out to be exce$+ly defective1 he _h rec\rse to ! celebrat$ exp$i5t ( comp>+ ! /ate ( ! sun 9 pa/ ye>s ) ! record$ prices ( corn4 ,fully admitt+ ! inadequacy ( ! crit]ion1 he /ill ?\ght t ! sun be+ 8! ultimate f\nta9 ( f]tility1 ! subject may des]ve a %ort inve/igation1 especially z no o!r me?od is left = our *oice40 ,he obta9$1 z ! up%ot1 p>tial confirmation ( ! surmise t 8"s tempor>y defect ( vegetation0 ensu$ ^u ! subsid5ce ( sol> agitation4 ,9 pla9] language1 food-/uffs t5d$ to become de> :5 sun-spots 7 few & small4 ,no signs ( cyclical *ange c\ld1 h[ev]1 be made out4 ,! discov]y ( ! 8sun-spot p]iod0 0 left to ,s*wabe4 ,?is admirable prelim9>y ef=t to elicit ! e>?'s response to sol> vicissitudes 0 d5\nc$ by ,br\gham z a 8gr& absurdity20 & ! read]s ( ! second numb] ( ! ,ed9burgh ,review 7 assur$ t 8s9ce ! publication ( #8,gulliv]'s ,travels1' no?+ s ridicul\s _h ev] be5 (f]$ to ! _w60 ,h]s*el did n neglect ! planets4 ,8 obs]vations ( ,v5us ext5d$ f #aggg to #agic4 ,_! pr9cipal object 0 to asc]ta9 ! circum/ances ( ! planet's rotation2 b !y elud$ him2 :i*1 consid]+ t !y are /ill q unc]ta91 is n surpris+4 ,he w\ld probably h communicat$ no?+ on ! subject _h he n be5 piqu$ into premature publication by ,s*rt]'s /atem5t t ! m\nta9s ( ,v5us rose to 8f\r1 five1 or ev5 six times ! p]p5dicul> elevation ( ,*imborazo40 ,h]s*el did n believe 9 !m1 & express$ 8 incr$ulity 9 some:at s>ca/ic t]ms4 8,z to ! m\nta9s 9 ,v5us10 he wrote1 8,i may v5ture to say t no eye :i* is n consid]ably bett] ?an m9e1 or assi/$ by mu* bett] in/rum5ts1 w ev] get a sight ( !m40 ,he rightly inf]r$1 h[ev]1 ! pres5ce ( an ext5sive atmosph]e f ! b5d+ ( ! sun's rays s z to =m mu* m ?an a semicircul> rim ( light to ! d>k disc ( ! planet :5 ne> inf]ior conjunction--t is1 :5 approximately 9 a "r l9e betwe5 u & ! sun4 ,he fully asc]ta9$1 too1 ! unreality ( ! ,cy!rean phantom-satellite4 ,! irritability visible 9 ?is pap] made a solit>y exception to ,h]s*el's cu/om>y g5iality4 ,x might h l$ to a heat$ controv]sy b = ! excell5t temp] ( ,s*rt]'s reply4 ,al?\gh we may n be prep>$ to ga9say ,h]s*el's dictum t 8! analogy betwe5 ,m>s & ! e>? is p]haps by f> ! greate/ 9 ! :ole sol> sy/em10 we c h>dly hold x to be s probable z he did t 8its inhabitants enjoy a situation 9 _m respects simil> to ours40 ,yet ! mod]n epo* 9 ! physical /udy ( ,m>s began ) 8 ann\ncem5t 9 #aghd t its :ite pol> caps spread & %rank z w9t] & summ] alt]nat$ 9 _! respective hemisph]es4 ,8 conclusion ( _! be+ produc$ by sn[y depositions f 8a consid]able1 ?\gh mod]ate1 atmosph]e10 is n likely to be ov]?r[n4 ,he e/abli%$1 besides1 ! g5]al p]man5ce ( ! d>k m>k+s1 not)/&+ m9or alt]ations due1 he suppos$1 to ! v>iable di/ribution ( cl\ds & vap\rs on ! planet's surface4 ,?is vigilant 8wat*] ( ! skies0 laid be=e ! ,royal ,society1 ,may #f?1 #ahjb1 8 8,obs]vations ( ! two lately discov]$ ,bodies40 ,^! 7 ,c]es & ,pallas1 :i*1 ) ,juno & ,ve/a1 pick$ up %ortly aft]w>ds1 con/itut$ ! vangu>d ( ! planetoid army4 ,h]s*el =esaw its arrival4 ,he adopt$ unhesitat+ly ,olb]s's !ory ( _! disruptive orig91 & calculat$ t ,m]cury1 ! lea/ ( ! true planets1 might be brok5 up into #ce1jjj masses no l>g] ?an ,pallas4 ,an indef9ite numb] ( su* fragm5ts 7ab\t #dbj are n[ kn[n7 7 accord+ly inf]r$ to circulate betwe5 ! orbits ( ,m>s & ,jupit]4 ,he di/+ui%$ _! peculi>ities1 &1 s9ce !y c\ld ) propriety be designat$ nei!r planets nor comets1 he propos$ = !m ! "n ( 8a/]oids40 ,b "h aga9 he incurr$1 to use 8 own mild phrase1 8! illib]al criticism ( ! ,ed9burgh ,review40 8,dr4 ,h]s*el's passion = co9+ words & idioms10 ,br\gham decl>$1 8has (t5 /ruck u z a weakness :olly unwor?y ( him4 ,! inv5tion ( a "n is b a poor a*ievem5t 9 him :o has discov]$ :ole worlds40 ,! review] =got1 h[ev]1 t new ?+s w n always fit into ! framework ( old t]m9ology4 ,he add$ ! contemptible ins9uation t ,h]s*el _h devis$ ! ^w 8a/]oid0 = ! express purpose ( keep+ ,piazzi's & ,olb]s's discov]ies on a l[] level ?an 8 own ( ,uranus4 ,h]s*el made no direct reply to ! attack2 only po9t+ out1 9 ,decemb]1 #ahjd1 h[ aptly ! detection ( ,juno _h come to v]ify 8 =eca/s4 8,! specific diff]5ces10 he said1 8betwe5 planets & a/]oids appe> n[1 by ! addition ( a ?ird individual ( ! latt] species1 to be m fully e/abli%$2 & t circum/ance1 9 my op9ion1 has add$ m to ! ornam5t ( our sy/em ?an ! discov]y ( ano!r planet c\ld h done40 ,8 endeav\rs to det]m9e ! diamet]s ( ^! small bodies 7 ineffectual4 ,al?\gh he at fir/ e/imat$ ^? ( ,c]es & ,pallas at #afb & #adg miles1 he admitt$ lat] 8 inability to decide z to ! reality ( ! m9ute discs %[n by !m2 & !y 7 fir/ g5u9ely measur$ by ,pr(essor ,b>n>d ) ! great ,lick refractor 9 #ahid4 ,! 8trade-w9d !ory0 ( ,jupit]'s belts orig9at$ ) ,h]s*el2 & he took note ( ! irregul> drift+ movem5ts ( ! spots on 8 surface1 & _! consequ5t uselessness = det]m9+ ! p]iod ( 8 rotation4 ,t ( ,saturn's he fix$ q accurately at t5 h\rs sixte5 m9utes1 ) a m>g9al unc]ta9ty ( two m9utes1 ! p]iod n[ accept$ be+ ( t5 h\rs f\rte5 m9utes4 ,! possession by ?is planet ( a pr(\nd atmosph]e 0 inf]r$ f ! *anges 9 its belts1 z well z f "s curi\s ph5om5a att5d+ ! disappe>ance ( its satellites4 ,!y 7 commonly se5 to 8hang on ! limb0--t is1 to pause dur+ an appreciable int]val on ! br9k ( occultation4 ,mimas1 on "o occasion1 rema9$ ?us pois$ dur+ tw5ty m9utes6 ,= s long x 0 geometrically conceal$1 al?\gh visible by ! effect ( refraction4 ,saturn 0 an object ( con/ant solicitude at ,sl\gh2 & x 0 only ) ! surpass+ in/rum5ts m\nt$ !re t mu* c\ld be le>n$ ab\t ,galileo's altissimo pianeta4 ,h]s*el suppos$1 ) ,laplace1 ! r+s to be solid /ructures2 & he add$ t ! int]val ( #b1ejj miles sep>at+ !m 8mu/ be ( consid]able s]vice to ! planet 9 r$uc+ ! space t is eclips$ by ! %ad[ ( ! r+40 ,! 8crape r+0 0 se51 b n recognis$4 ,9 "o ( 8 draw+s x figures z a dusky belt cross+ ! body ( ! planet4 ,8 satellite discov]ies prov$ exce$+ly difficult to v]ify4 ,! ,saturnian pair 7 lo/1 aft] he left !m1 until 8 son once m drew !m f obscurity4 ,reg>d+ ! out]mo/ memb] ( ! sy/em1 ,japetus1 discov]$ by ,cass9i 9 #afga1 ,h]s*el notic$1 9 #agib1 a s+ul> circum/ance4 ,x 0 already kn[n to v>y 9 brightness2 we receive f x1 9 fact1 f\r & a-half times m light at c]ta9 epo*s ?an at o!rs4 ,! novelty consi/$ 9 %[+ t ?is v>iation dep5d$ ^u ! satellite's situation 9 its orbit 9 su* a mann] z to leave no d\bt t1 l our moon1 x keeps ! same face always direct$ inw>ds t[>ds its prim>y4 ,s t ,japetus 0 inf]r$ to turn on its axis 9 ! p]iod ( its revolution r\nd ,saturn1 t is1 9 sev5ty-n9e & "o-?ird days4 8,f its *anges0 he 8conclud$ t by f> ! l>ge/ "p ( its surface reflects mu* less light ?an ! re/2 & t nei!r ! d>ke/ nor ! brighte/ side ( ! satellite is turn$ t[>ds ! planet1 b p>tly ! "o & p>tly ! o!r40 ,guess+ at once t our moon & ,japetus did n pres5t ! only examples ( equality 9 ! times ( rotation & revolution1 he cont9u$3 8,i _c help reflect+ ) "s pleasure on ! discov]y ( an analogy :i* %[s t a c]ta9 uni=m plan is c>ri$ on among ! second>ies ( our sol> sy/em2 & we may conjecture t probably mo/ ( ! satellites are gov]n$ by ! same law1 especially if x be f\nd$ ^u su* a con/ruction ( _! figure z makes !m m pond]\s t[>ds _! prim>y planet40 ,?is v explanation 0 long aft]w>ds adopt$ by ,hans54 ,! peculi>ity 9 "q may )\t hesitation be set d[n z an effect ( primordial tides4 ,9 #agig ,h]s*el br\ght =w>d detail$ evid5ce to %ew t 8 g5]alisation appli$ to ! ,jovian sy/em2 b rec5t obs]vations at ,lick & ,arequipa dem& a susp5sion ( judgm5t on ! po9t4 ,! ,uranian tra9 ( att5dants 0 left by ,h]s*el 9 an unsettl$ condition4 ,two ( !m1 z we h se51 he discov]$ 9 #aghg2 & he subsequ5tly caught glimpses ( :at he took to be f\r o!rs4 ,b only ,ob]on & ,titania h ma9ta9$ _! /atus2 ! f\r companions assign$ to !m are non-exi/5t4 ,an unmi/akable int]ior pair--,ariel & ,umbriel--01 h[ev]1 discov]$ by ,mr4 ,lassell1 at ,malta1 9 #ahea2 & !y may possibly h comb9$ ) deceptive />-po9ts to produce ,h]s*el's dubi\s qu>tette4 ,he describ$ 9 #agih ! exceptional arrangem5t ( ! ,uranian sy/em4 ,its circulation is retrograde4 ,! bodies compos+ x move f ea/ to we/1 b 9 orbits s tilt$ z to deviate b slightly f p]p5dicul>ity to ! plane ( ! ecliptic4 ,no trifl+ s5sation 0 creat$ 9 #aghc1 & aga9 9 #aghg1 by ! news t ,h]s*el _h se5 ?ree lun> volcanoes 9 viol5t eruption4 8,! appe>ance ( ! actual fire0 9 "o ( !m 0 comp>$ by him to 8a small piece ( burn+ *>coal :5 x is cov]$ ) a v ?9 coat+ ( :ite a%es4 ,all ! adjac5t p>ts ( ! volcanic m\nta9 seem$ to be fa9tly illum9at$ by ! eruption1 & 7 gradually m obscure z !y lay at a great] di/ance f ! crat]40 ,he ev5tually became aw>e t 8 s5ses _h impos$ ^u him2 b ! illusion 0 v complete & has s9ce occasionally be5 repeat$4 ,:at 0 really se5 0 probably ! vivid reflection ( e>?-%9e f "s unusually :ite lun> summits4 ,he nev] kn[+ly discov]$ a comet1 al?\gh "s few su* bodies possibly ensconc$ !mselves1 "u false pret5ces1 9 8 li/s ( nebul4 ,b he made valuable obs]vations ^u ! *ief ( ^? visible 9 8 "t1 & introduc$ ! useful t]ms1 correspond+ to in/ructive di/9ctions1 8head10 8nucleus10 & 8coma40 ,he inf]r$ f ! p>tial phases ( ! comet ( #ahjg1 t x 0 9 a measure self-lum9\s2 & f _! total abs5ce 9 ! great comet ( #ahaa1 t its light 0 almo/ :olly orig9al4 ,! head ( ?is object1 :i* %one ) an ev51 planet>y radiance1 he det]m9$ to be #abg1jjj1 ! />-l nucleus )91 #dbh miles across4 ,! tail he describ$ z 8a holl[1 inv]t$ cone10 "o hundr$ millions ( miles long1 & fifte5 millions broad4 ,?is prodigi\s appurt5ance 01 9 grade ( lum9osity1 an exact mat* = ! ,milky ,way4 ,t comets we> out by ! wa/e ( _! sub/ance at p]ihelion1 he ?\ght v probable2 ! ext5t ( _! gleam+ app5dages ?us s]v+ z a crit]ion ( _! antiquity4 ,!y might1 inde$1 arrive 9 ! sol> sy/em already %orn ( mu* ( _! spl5d\r by passages r\nd o!r suns ?an ours2 b _! 8age0 c\ld1 9 any case1 be e/imat$ accord+ to ! progress made 9 _! decl9e f a purely nebul\s to an almo/ 8planet>y0 /ate4 ,he w5t s f> z to ?r[ out ! conjecture t 8comets may become a/]oids20 al?\gh ! conv]se proposition t 8a/]oids may become comets10 ( :i* some?+ has be5 he>d lately1 w\ld sc>cely h be5 ent]ta9$ by him4 ,en\gh has be5 said to %[ h[ greatly k ( ! sol> sy/em 9 all its p>ts 0 fur!r$ by ,h]s*el's obs]vational res\rces1 f]tility ( inv5tion1 & indomitable en]gy4 ,he 01 s to speak1 ubiquit\s4 ,he _h tak5 all ! heav5s = 8 prov9ce4 ,no?+ t !y includ$1 f ! fa9te/ nebula to ! sun1 & f ! sun to a telescopic %oot+-/>1 evad$ 8 consid]ation4 ,a :ole cycle ( discov]ies & successful inve/igations began & end$ ) him4 ,8 fame z an a/ronom] has ca/ into ! %ade 8 m]its z a physici/4 ,he made pione]+ exp]im5ts on ! infra-r$ heat-rays1,d & anticipat$1 by an admirable intuition1 ! fact asc]ta9$ ) ! aid ( ,pr(essor ,langley's 8bolomet]10 t ! invisible surpass 9 ext5t ! visible portions ( ! sol> spectrum4,e ,a se>* = d>k5+ glasses suitable to sol> obs]vations1 l$ him to ! inquiry4 ,f9d+ t "s col\r$ m$ia transmitt$ mu* heat & little light1 :ile o!rs /opp$ heat & let ?r\gh mo/ ( ! light1 he surmis$ t a diff]5t heat+ p[] might belong to ea* spectral t9t4 ,8 own maxim t 8x is sometimes ( great use 9 natural philosophy to d\bt ( ?+s t are commonly tak5 = grant$10 "h came 9 appropriately4 ,) a free m9d he set ab\t det]m9+ ! lum9\s & !rmal p[]s ( successive spectral regions4 ,!y seem$ to v>y q disconnect$ly4 ,a !rmomet] expos$ to r$ rays dur+ a giv5 int]val1 rose ?ree & a half times z mu* z :5 expos$ to violet rays2 & he %[$ fur!r1 by trac+ ! heat- & light-curves ( ! prismatic spectrum1 t its heat-maximum lay out ( rea* ( ! eye 9 ! infra-r$1 :ile lum9\s int5sity culm9at$ 9 ! yell[4 ,he ev5 ?rew out ! sagaci\s conjecture t 8! *emical prop]ties ( ! prismatic col\rs0 might be 8z diff]5t z ^? :i* relate to light & heat20 add+ t 8we _c too m9utely ent] into an analysis ( light1 :i* is ! mo/ subtle ( all ! active pr9ciples t are conc]n$ 9 ! op]ations ( nature40 ,d ,phil4 ,trans4 #ahjj1 p4 #bee4 ,e ,ibid41 p4 #bia4 ,! ard\r ) :i* he pursu$ ! inquiry betrays itself 9 ! rapid succession ( f\r ma/]ly essays communicat$ to ! ,royal ,society 9 #ahjj4 ,!y conta9$ ! fir/ exposition wor? m5tion+ ( ! prop]ties ( radiant heat4 ,!y gave ! details ( exp]im5ts demon/rat+ its ob$i5ce to ! same laws ( reflection1 refraction1 & disp]sion z light2 & %[+ ! v>ieties 9 ! absorptive action ^u x ( diff]5t sub/ances4 ,9 ! ?ird memoir ( ! s]ies1 ,pr(essor ,hold5 f9ds himself at a loss 8:i* to admire mo/--! m>vell\s skill ev9c$ 9 acquir+ su* accurate data ) su* inadequate means1 & 9 v>y+ & te/+ su* a numb] ( que/ions z 7 sugge/$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! inve/igation--or ! intellectual p[] %[n 9 m>%all+ & r$uc+ to a sy/em su* intricate1 & app>5tly self-contradictory ph5om5a40 ,!re is1 inde$1 sc>cely "o ( ,h]s*el's rese>*es 9 :i* 8 initiative vig\r & insight are m brilliantly display$ ?an 9 ?is p>]gon--?is task execut$1 z x 71 out ( h\rs4 ,x is only a pity t he felt compell$1 by ! incompatibility ( _! di/ribution 9 ! spectrum1 to ab&on 8 orig9al op9ion 9 fav\r ( ! ess5tial id5tity ( light & radiant heat4 ,! errone\s impression left on ! public m9d by 8 recantation has h>dly yet be5 altoge!r effac$4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,h]s*el',s ,,c>e] ,,on ,,mod]n ,,a/ronomy4 ,! p[]s ( ! telescope 7 s unexpect$ly increas$1 t !y may almo/ be said to h be5 discov]$ by ,william ,h]s*el4 ,no "o be=e him _h consid]$ ! advantages ( l>ge ap]tures4 ,no "o _h seem$ to rememb] t ! prim>y function ( an in/rum5t design$ to aid vision is to collect light4 ,! elem5t>y pr9ciple ( space-p5etration _h n be5 adv]t$ to4 ,x devolv$ ^u him to po9t out t ! di/ances ( simil> objects are exactly proportional to ! size ( ! telescopes b>ely suffic+ to %[ !m4 ,! reason is obvi\s4 ,comp>e1 = in/ance1 a "o-in* telescope ) ! nak$ eye4 ,! telescope br+s to a focus tw5ty-five times z mu* light z c ent] ! pupil1 tak5 at "o-fif? ( an in* 9 diamet]2 !re=e x w r5d] visible a /> tw5ty-five times fa9t] ?an ! smalle/ se5 )\t its help2 or--:at comes to ! same ?+--an intr9sically equal /> at a five-fold di/ance4 ,a "o-in* glass h5ce actually qu9tuples ! diamet] ( ! visible univ]se1 & gives access to sev5ty-five times ! volume ( space rang$ ?r\gh by ! unassi/$ eye4 ,?is simple law ,h]s*el made ! f\ndation-/one ( 8 sid]eal edifice4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to notice x1 because he 0 ! fir/ practically to conc]n himself ) ! />-dep?s4 ,! possibility ( gaug+ ! heav5s rose ) him above ! horizon ( sci5ce4 ,because untir+ 9 exploration1 he 0 insatiable ( light2 & be+ insatiable ( light1 he built great telescopes4 ,8 example 0 inevitably imitat$ & surpass$4 ,n ?r\gh a vulg> ambition to 8beat ! record10 b because a realm _h be5 ?r[n op5 :i* a/ronom]s c\ld n b desire to visit & se>* ?r\gh = !mselves4 ,"l ,rosse's six-foot reflector 0 ! imm$iate successor ( ,h]s*el's f\r-foot2 ,mr4 ,lassell's beautiful specula foll[$2 & ! s]ies ( l>ge metallic reflectors virtually clos$ ) t ( f\r-feet ap]ture erect$ at ,melb\rne 9 #ahgj4 ,! reflect+ surface 9 mod]n in/rum5ts is furni%$ by a ?9 film ( silv] deposit$ on glass4 ,x has ! advantage ( return+ ab\t half z mu* aga9 ( ! incid5t light z ! old specula1 s t equal p[] is obta9$ ) less size4 ,dr4 ,common's five-foot is ! gr& exempl> 9 ?is k9d2 & x is fully equival5t to ! ,p>son/[n six-foot4 ,! improvem5t ( refractors proce$$ m sl[ly4 ,difficulties 9 ! manufacture ( glass /ood 9 ! way1 & difficulties 9 ! correction ( col\r4 ,! spl5did success1 h[ev]1 ( ! ,lick ?irty-six in*1 & ! f9e promise ( ! ,y]kes =ty-in*1 h turn$ ! /ronge/ curr5t ( hope = ! future 9 ! direction ( ?is class ( in/rum5t4 ,b all mod]n ef=ts to wid5 telescopic capacity prim>ily d]ive _! impulse f ,h]s*el's passionate desire to see fur!r1 & to see bett]1 ?an 8 pr$ecessors4 ,8 obs]vations demon/rate ! r>e excell5ce ( 8 in/rum5ts4 ,exp]im5ts made on ! a/]oid ,juno1 9 #ahje1 = ! purpose ( e/abli%+ a valid di/9ction betwe5 real & fictiti\s />-discs1 prove1 9 ,pr(essor ,hold5's op9ion1 ! reflector employ$ to h be5 ( almo/ ideal p]fection2 & 8 foll[+ ( ,saturn's inn] satellites "r up to ! limb1 ) ! tw5ty-foot & ! =ty-foot1 0 a t\r de =ce 9 vision sc>cely1 if ev]1 surpass$4 ,9 ! ord9>y telescopes ( ^? days really good def9ition 0 unkn[n2 !y %[$ ! />s ) rays or tails1 di/ort$ into triangles1 or bulg$ into 8cock$ hats20 clean-cut1 circul> images 7 out ( ! "q4 ,sitt+ next ,h]s*el "o day at d9n]1 ,h5ry ,cav5di%1 ! great *emi/1 a rem>kably taciturn man1 broke sil5ce ) ! abrupt "q--8,is x true1 ,dr4 ,h]s*el1 t y see ! />s r\nd80 8,r\nd z a button10 repli$ ! ,doctor2 & no m 0 said until ,cav5di%1 ne> ! close ( ! repa/1 repeat$ int]rogatively1 8,r\nd z a button80 8,r\nd z a button10 ,h]s*el briskly reit]at$1 & ! conv]sation clos$4 ,x seems probable t ,h]s*el's caput artis lo/ "s ( its f9e qualities ) "t4 ,great specula are peculi>ly liable to det]ioration4 ,_! figure t5ds to become impair$ by ! /ress ( _! own weight2 _! lu/re is necess>ily m or less evanesc5t4 ,re-poli%+1 h[ev]1 is a sort ( re-mak+2 & ! la/ felicit\s t\*es1 ^u :i* ev]y?+ dep5ds1 c nev] be reckon$ ^u ) c]ta9ty4 ,h5ce1 ! orig9al faultlessness ( ! great mirror 01 p]haps1 nev] subsequ5tly reproduc$4 8,su* telescopes z ,h]s*el work$ )10 ,dr4 ,kit*9] wrote 9 #ahae1 8c\ld only be made by ! man :o us$ !m1 & only be us$ by ! man :o made !m40 ,! say+ is /rictly true4 ,8 skill 9 "o bran* promot$ 8 success 9 ! o!r4 ,he 0 z mu* at home ) 8 telescopes z ! ,b$\9 are ) _! horses4 ,_! peculi>ities made "p ( 8 mo/ intimate exp]i5ce4 ,f ! graduat$ v>ieties ( 8 specula he pick$ out ! "o be/ suit$ to ! purpose 9 h&4 ,x 0 8 pr9ciple nev] to employ a l>g] in/rum5t ?an 0 necess>y1 agility ( movem5t be+ tak5 into acc\nt no less ?an capacity = collect+ light4 ,! "t-elem5t1 inde$1 always ent]$ into 8 calculations2 he work$ l a man :o has few to-morr[s4 ,8 s5se ( sight 0 exce$+ly ref9$1 & he took c>e to keep x s4 ,9 ord] to secure complete 8tranquility ( ! ret9a10 he us$ to rema9 tw5ty m9utes 9 ! d>k be=e attempt+ to obs]ve fa9t objects2 & 8 eye became s s5sitive aft] "s h\rs sp5t 9 8sweep+10 t ! approa* ( a ?ird-magnitude /> oblig$ him to )draw x f ! telescope4 ,a black hood ?r[n ov] 8 head :ile obs]v+ s]v$ to height5 ?is delicacy ( vision4 ,he despis$ no precaution4 ,details are 8( consequ5ce10 he wrote to ,alex&] ,aub]t1 an amateur a/ronom]1 8:5 we come to ref9em5ts1 & want to screw an in/rum5t up to ! utmo/ pit*40 ,?is 0 said 9 ref]5ce to 8 application ( :at seem$ extravagantly high magnify+ p[]s4 ,he laid great /ress ^u x 9 ! e>li] "p ( 8 c>e]4 ,! me?od1 he said1 0 8an untrodd5 pa?10 9 :i* 8a v>iety ( new ph5om5a may be expect$40 ,) 8 sev5-foot ,newtonian he us$ magnifications up to ne>ly #f1jjj1 proce$+1 h[ev]1 8all along exp]im5tally0--a plan f> too mu* neglect$ 9 8! art ( see+40 8,we are told10 he proce$$1 8t we ga9 no?+ by magnify+ too mu*4 ,i grant x1 b %all nev] believe ,i magnify too mu* till by exp]i5ce ,i f9d t ,i c see bett] ) a l[] p[]40 ,! innovation 0 receiv$ ) a mixture ( wond]1 incr$ulity1 & admiration4 ,h]s*el %[$ 8 cu/om>y judgm5t 9 ?is bran* ( a/ronomical practice4 ,he e/abli%$ ! di/9ctions /ill ma9ta9$1 & laid d[n ! l9es /ill foll[$4 ,x is true he w5t f> beyond ! po9t :]e mod]n obs]v]s f9d x advisable to /op4 ,! highe/ p[] br\ght into use ) ! ,lick refractor is #b1fjj2 & ,h]s*el's in/rum5ts bore #e1hjj 7nom9ally #f1ejj7 )\t injury to def9ition4 ,b only at exceptional mom5ts4 ,8 habitual sweep+ p[] 0 #dfj2 he 8screw$-up0 high] only = p>ticul> purposes1 & "u fav\rable conditions4 ,al?\gh 8 /rong eye-pieces seem1 = intelligible reasons1 to h be5 laid aside on ! adoption ( ! 8front-view0 =m ( con/ruction1 !y _h s]v$ him well 9 ! division ( close pairs1 z well z = br++ fa9t />s into view--an effect correctly expla9$ by him z due to ! augm5t$ d>kness1 "u high p[]s1 ( ! sky-gr\nd4 ,b ! mo/ important result ( _! employm5t 0 ! discov]y t ! />s h no s5sible dim5sions4 ,?is became evid5t ?r\gh ! failure ( attempts to magnify !m2 ! high] ! p[] appli$1 ! small] & m int5se !y appe>$4 ,h]s*el accord+ly pron\nc$ /ell> telescopic discs 8spuri\s10 b made no attempt to expla9 _! orig9 ?r\gh diffraction4 ,he nev] possess$ an in/rum5t m\nt$ equatoreally--t is1 s z automatically to foll[ ! />s4 ,9 its abs5ce1 8 "w1 _h x n be5 accompli%$1 w\ld h seem$ to mod]n ideas impossible4 ,no clockwork movem5t kept ! objects he 0 obs]v+ 9 ! field ( view4 ,8 h&s 7 cont9ually engag$ 9 supply+ ! defici5cy4 ,h[1 "u ^! circum/ances1 he contriv$ to measure hundr$s ( d\ble />s1 & secure ! places ( ?\s&s ( nebul1 w\ld be incompreh5sible b = ! quasi-omnipot5ce ( en?usiasm4 ,! angle made ) ! m]idian by ! l9e jo9+ two />s 7_! 8position angle07 0 nev] ?\ght ( z a quantity useful to be asc]ta9$ until ,h]s*el1 ab\t #aggi1 inv5t$ 8 8revolv+-wire micromet]40 ,?is diff]$ 9 no important respect f ! mod]n 8fil> micromet]20 only spid]-l9es h be5 sub/itut$ = ! orig9al silk fibres4 ,= measur+ ! di/ances ( ! wid] classes ( d\ble />s1 he devis$ 9 #aghb a 8lamp-micromet]20 :ile ^? ( ! close/ pairs 7 e/imat$ 9 t]ms ( ! discs ( ! compon5ts4 ,9 compil+ 8 second catalogue1 h[ev]1 he us$ ! ?read-micromet] = bo? purposes4 ,x is true t 8ev5 9 8 mat*less h&s0--9 ,dr4 ,gill's phrase--! results obta9$ 7 8crude20 b ! fact rema9s t ! :ole sy/em ( micrometrical measurem5t came into exi/5ce ?r\gh ,h]s*el's d\ble-/> det]m9ations4 ,_! consequ5ces h develop$ enorm\sly )9 ! la/ few ye>s4 ,mr4 ,burnham's discov]ies ( excessively close pairs h be5 s num]\s z to leave no reasonable d\bt t _! indef9ite multiplication is only a "q ( telescopic possibility4 ,!n 9 #ahhi1 ano!r p[] came into play2 ! spectroscope took up ! "w ( resolv+ />s4 ,or r1 ! spectroscope 9 alliance ) ! photographic cam]a2 = ! spectral *anges indicat+ ! direction & velocity ( motion 9 ! l9e ( sight c be sy/ematically /udi$1 z a rule1 only :5 regi/]$ on s5sitive plates4 ,! up%ot has be5 to br+ )9 ! cognisance ( sci5ce ! m>vell\s sy/ems kn[n z 8spectroscopic b9>ies40 ,!y are ( great v>iety4 ,"s consi/ ( a bright1 o!rs ( a bright & d>k1 pair4 ,^? t revolve 9 a plane ne>ly co9cid+ ) our l9e ( vision und]go mutual occultations4 ,a fur!r deta*m5t seem to escape eclipse1 yet v>y 9 light = "s unexpla9$ reason1 :ile !y revolve4 ,o!rs1 l ,spica ,virg9is1 revolve )\t v>y+4 ,_! orbital p]iods are c\nt$ by h\rs or days4 ,! /udy ( ! di/urbances ( ^! rem>kable comb9ations promises to op5 a new era 9 a/ronomical !ory4 ,= !y are mo/ likely all multiple4 ,irregul>ities indicat+ ! pres5ce ( attractive1 al?\gh obscure bodies1 h1 9 sev]al cases1 be5 already notic$4 ,! revolutions ( spectroscopic b9>y />s c be /udi$ to ! greate/ advantage :5 !y involve light-*ange2 & photometric me?ods h accord+ly begun to play an important "p 9 ! sid]eal dep>tm5t ( gravitational sci5ce4 ,& "h aga9 we meet ) ,h]s*el's initiative4 ,8 me?od ( sequ5ces has be5 already expla9$2 & he made ! fir/ attempt to lay d[n a def9ite scale ( />-magnitudes4 ,he fail$1 & x 0 h>dly desirable t he %\ld succe$4 ,on 8 scale1 ! ratio ( *ange f "o grade to ! next con/antly dim9i%$4 ,9 ! mod]n sy/em x rema9s always ! same4 ,a /> ( ! second magnitude is by def9ition two & a-half 7#beab7 times less bright ?an "o ( ! fir/2 a /> ( ! ?ird magnitude is two & a-half times less bright ?an "o ( ! second1 ! s]ies desc5d+ )\t modification until beyond telescopic rea*4 ,?is uni=mity 9 ! proportionate value ( a magnitude is indisp5sable = secur+ a practicable /&>d ( measurem5t4 ,h]s*el1 h[ev]1 took ! great /ep ( introduc+ a pr9ciple ( ord]4 ,8 e/imates ( /ell> lu/re 7 purely visual4 ,& al?\gh v>i\s in/rum5ts1 devis$ = ! purpose1 h s9ce prov$ em95tly useful1 ! ultimate appeal 9 all is to ! eye4 ,b !re are _m signs t1 9 ! photometry ( ! future1 n ! eye b ! cam]a w be consult$4 ,_! appraisem5ts diff] m>k$ly4 ,h]s*el's incid5tal rem>k on ! di/urbance ( light-valuation by col\r t\*es a po9t ( fundam5tal importance 9 photographic photometry4 ,! *emical me?od gives to :ite />s a great advantage ov] yell[ & r$ ones4 ,!y come out proportionately mu* bright] on ! s5sitive plate ?an !y appe> to ! eye4 ,& to ^! v>ieties ( hue correspond spectral class-di/9ctions1 ! spectrum ( an object be+ no?+ b its col\r writt5 at full l5g?4 ,?is sy/ematic discrepancy betwe5 visual & photographic impressions ( brightness1 :ile introduc+ unwelcome complications 9 measures ( magnitude1 may s]ve to br+ out important tru?s4 ,! inf]5ce1 = example1 has be5 f\nd$ ^u x t ! ,milky ,way is compos$ almo/ exclusively ( :ite1 or 8,sirian0 />s2 & !re c be no "q b t ! arrangem5t ( />s 9 space has "s respect to _! spectral types4 ,h]s*el's plan ( inquiry into ! laws ( /ell> di/ribution by 8photometric enum]ation10 or gaug+ by magnitudes1 0 a beque/ to po/]ity :i* has be5 turn$ to acc\nt ) v little ackn[l$gm5t ( its s\rce4 ,argel&]'s review ( ! nor!rn heav5s 7lately complet$ photographically by ,dr4 ,gill to ! s\!rn pole7 af=d$1 f #ahfb1 mat]ials = its application on a l>ge scale2 b ! magnitudes assign$ to 8 #cbd1jjj />s d n possess ! regul>ity ne$$ to make d$uctions bas$ on !m p]fectly tru/wor?y4 ,o!rwise ! di/ance f ! e>? ( ! actual aggregations 9 ! ,milky ,way c\ld h be5 asc]ta9$ 9 a r\gh way f ! num]ical repres5tation ( ! v>i\s photometric classes4 ,z x is1 ! presumption is /rong t ! galactic cl\ds are :olly indep5d5t ( />s bright] ?an ! n9? magnitude--t !y only beg9 to ga!r at a dep? 9 space :5ce light takes at lea/ a ?\s& ye>s to travel to our eyes4 ,confirmatory evid5ce1 publi%$ 9 #ahid1 has be5 suppli$ by ,m4 ,ea/on's rese>*1 bas$ on ! same pr9ciple1 into ! detail$ relations ( />s ( v>i\s magnitudes to ,milky ,way /ructure4 ,!y are exhibit$ only by ^? ( ! n9? magnitude1 or fa9t]2 = ) !m sets 9 a significant cr[d+ ^u its cond5s$ p>ts1 att5d$ by a sc>city ov] its comp>ative vacuities4 ,c\nts by magnitudes h1 besides1 made x cle> t ! />s1 9 portions ( ! sky remov$ f ! ,milky ,way1 ?9 out notably be=e ! elev5? magnitude is rea*$2 s t1 outside ! galactic zone1 ! /ell> sy/em is easily fa?om$4 ,also on ! /r5g? ( photometric enum]ations1 ,dr4 ,g\ld1 ( ,bo/on1 came to ! conclusion1 9 #ahgi1 t !re is an extra ?rong+ ( />s ab\t our sun1 :i* =ms "o ( a special gr\p consi/+ ( "s f\r or five hundr$ memb]s4 ,! publication1 9 #ahij1 ( ! 8,drap] ,catalogue10 ( #aj1ecj photograph$ /ell> spectra1 has ?r[n fre% light on ?is int]e/+ subject4 ,mr4 ,monck1 ( ,dubl91 gave reasons = hold+ />s physically l ! sun to be g5]ally ne>] to u ?an />s ( ! ,sirian class2 & ,pr(essor ,kapteyn1 ( ,grn+51 z ! result ( a s+ul>ly able inve/igation1 conclud$ ) mu* probability t ! sun belongs to a /rongly cond5s$ gr\p ( mo/ly 8sol>0 />s1 ne>ly conc5tric ) ! galaxy4 ,x might1 9 fact1 be said t we live 9 a globul> clu/]1 s9ce our native />-collection %\ld appe> f a v great di/ance "u t di/9ctive =m4 ,?is mod]n quasi-discov]y 0 anticipat$ by ,h]s*el4 ,he 0 av[$ly indebt$1 x is true1 to ,mi*ell's 8admirable idea0 ( ! />s be+ divid$ into sep>ate gr\ps2 b ,mi*ell did n tr\ble himself ab\t ! means ( its possible v]ification1 & ,h]s*el did4 ,he always look$ r\nd to see if !re 7 n "s t\*/one ( fact )9 rea*4 ,8 discussion ( ! sol> clu/]1 ?\gh brief & incid5tal1 is n )\t pres5t int]e/4 ,he f\nd ! f$]ative arrangem5t ( ! />s to be 8e day m confirm$ by obs]vation40 ,! 8fly+ synods ( worlds0 =m$ by !m mu/ gravitate "o t[>ds ano!r z if conc5trat$ at _! sev]al c5tres ( gravity4 ,accord+ly1 8a />1 or sun1 su* z ours1 may h a prop] motion )9 its own sy/em ( />s1 :ile ! :ole may h ano!r prop] motion totally diff]5t 9 quantity & direction40 ,we may ?us1 he cont9u$1 8arrive 9 process ( "t1 at a k ( all ! real1 complicat$ motions ( ! planet we inhabit2 ( ! sol> sy/em to :i* x belongs2 & ev5 ( ! sid]eal sy/em ( :i* ! sun may possibly be a memb]40 ,he proce$$ to expla9 h[ />s1 mak+ "p ( ! sol> clu/]1 might be discrim9at$ f ^? ext]ior to x2 ! =m] %[+ ! p]spective influ5ce only ( ! sun's translation among !mselves1 :ile ! latt] w\ld be affect$ besides by a 8/ill remot] p>allax0--a secul> drift1 comp\nd$ ( ! prop] motion ( ! sun )9 its clu/]1 & ( its clu/] relatively to o!r clu/]s4 ,! possibility ( apply+ ,h]s*el's te/ is n[ fully recognis$4 ,ea* fre% det]m9ation ( ! sol> apex is scrut9is$ = symptoms ( ! high] 8sy/ematical p>allax20 al?\gh z yet ) dubi\s or negative results4 ,associat$ /ell> gr\ps are1 nev]!less1 met ) 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! sky4 ,h]s*el n only anticipat$ _! exi/5ce1 b sugge/$ 8a concurr5ce ( prop] motions0 z ! fitte/ means = id5tify+ !m4 ,8 anticipation has be5 realis$ by ,mr4 ,proctor's detection ( 8/>-drift40 ,sev]al />s 9 ! ,pl\gh ?us =m a squadron sail+ ! same c\rse2 & simil> comb9ations1 on an app>5tly small] scale1 h be5 piec$ toge!r 9 v>i\s con/ellations4 ,b ! pr9ciple ( _! connection has yet to be discov]$4 ,!y are evid5tly n self-c5tr$ sy/ems2 h5ce _! companion%ip1 h[ev] prolong$1 mu/ f9ally t]m9ate4 ,! only pron\nc$ clu/] ) a common prop] motion is ! ,pleiades2 & its drift seems to be m]ely ( a p]spective nature--a reflection ( ! sun's advance4 ,bessel said ( ,h]s*el t 8he aim$ at acquir+ k1 n ( ! motions1 b ( ! con/itution ( ! heav5ly bodies1 & ( ! /ructure ( ! sid]eal edifice40 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a defective appreciation4 ,he made1 inde$1 no m]idian obs]vations1 & comput$ no planet>y or comet>y p]turbations2 yet if !re ev] 0 an a/ronom] :o in/9ctively 8look$ be=e & aft]10 x 0 he4 ,c\ld he h atta9$ to a complete k ( ! ar*itecture ( ! heav5s1 z !y /ood at a giv5 mom5t1 x w\ld n h satisfi$ him4 ,to int]pret ! pa/ & future by ! pres5t 0 8 con/ant aim2 f 8 8retir$ situation0 on ! e>?1 he wat*$ ) awe ! gr& procession ( ! sum ( ?+s defile ?r\gh endless ages4 ,he c\ld n obs]ve :at 0 )\t at ! same "t seek+ to div9e :at _h be51 & to =eca/ :at 0 to come4 ,8 nebul> !ory is n[ accept$ almo/ z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,! spectroscope has l5t x p[]ful support by prov+ ! de facto exi/5ce ( ! 8lucid m$ium10 po/ulat$ by him z a logical necessity4 ,?is 0 done ,augu/ #a/1 #ahfd1 :5 ,dr4 ,hugg9s d]iv$ f a planet>y nebula 9 ,draco a spectrum *>act]i/ic ( a gase\s body1 because consi/+ ( bright l9es4 ,_! wave-l5g?s1 :i* turn$ out to be id5tical = all objects ( ! k9d1 ) "o or two possible exceptions1 indicat$ a composition out ( hydrog5 mix$ ) c]ta9 unfamili> a]i=m sub/ances4 ,h]s*el's visual discrim9ation ( gase\s nebul 0 highly felicit\s4 ,mod]n sci5ce agrees ) him 9 pron\nc+ ! ,orion nebula1 z well z o!rs ( ! irregul> class1 planet>ies1 diffus$ nebulosities1 & ! 8atmosph]es0 ( 8cl\dy />s10 to be masses ( 8%9+ fluid40 ,z = 8 8ambigu\s objects10 !y rema9 ambigu\s /ill4 8,clu/]s 9 disguise0 ?r\gh enorm\s di/ance1 give app>5tly ! same quality ( light ) irresolvable nebul4 ,8 inf]5ce t />s & nebul =m mix$ sy/ems has1 moreov]1 be5 amply confirm$4 ,no "o n[ d5ies _! significant aff9ity1 & v few _! g5etic relation%ip4 ,h]s*el gave a li/ 9 #ahaa ( fifty-two dim1 indef9ite nebulosities1 cov]+ 9 ! aggregate #aeb squ>e degrees4 8,b ?is10 he add$1 8gives u by no means ! real limits0 ( ! lum9\s appe>ance2 8:ile ! dep? correspond+ to its sup]ficial ext5t may be f> beyond ! rea* ( our telescopes20 s 8t ! abundance ( nebul\s matt] diffus$ ?r\gh su* an expansion ( ! heav5s mu/ exce$ all imag9ation40 8,! prophetic _s ( ^! rem>ks10 ,pr(essor ,b>n>d comm5ts1 8is be+ e day made m evid5t ?r\gh ! revelations ( photography40 ,he is himself "o ( ! v few :o h telescopically v]ifi$ any "p ( ^! sugge/ive obs]vations4 8,i am famili>10 he wrote 9 ,k1 ,janu>y1 #ahib1 8) a numb] ( regions 9 ! heav5s :]e va/ diffusions ( nebul\s matt] are situat$4 ,"o ( ^!1 9 a s+ul>ly blank region1 lies "s five or six degrees nor?-we/ ( ,ant>es1 & cov]s _m squ>e degrees4 ,ano!r lies nor? ( ! ,pleiades1 betwe5 ! clu/] & ! ,milky ,way2 a portion ( ?is has rec5tly be5 successfully photograph$ by ,dr4 ,ar*5hold4 ,!re is a l>ge nebul\s spot 9 t region1 easily visible to ! nak$ eye1 :i* ,i h se5 = _m ye>s4 ,:5 sweep+ !re ) a l[ p[]1 ! :ole region betwe5 ! ,pleiades & ! ,milky ,way is p]ceiv$ to be nebul\s4 ,^! great areas ( nebulosity make _! pres5ce kn[n by a s+ul> dull+ ( ! ord9>ily black sky1 z if a ?9 veil ( du/ int]v5$40 ,!y 8are specially suitable = ! photographic plate1 & x is only by su* means t !y c be at all satisfactorily locat$40 ,"s ( ,h]s*el's milky tracts h be5 ?us pictur$2 notably "o 9 ! ,swan1 %[n on ,dr4 ,max ,wolf's plates to involve ! bright /> ,gamma ,cygni2 & ano!r imm5se =mation ext5d+ ov] sixty squ>e degrees ab\t ! belt & sword ( ,orion1 & jo9+ on1 ,h]s*el 0 8pretty sure10 to ! great nebula4 ,?is1 nev] unmi/akably se5 except by him1 portray$ itself emphatically 9 #ahhf 9 ,pr(essor ,e4 ,c4 ,pick]+'s photographs4 ,h]s*el's p]suasion ( ! subord9ate "* ( ! orig9al 8,fi%-m\? nebula0 0 well-gr\nd$4 ,on plates expos$ by ,pr(essors ,w4 ,h4 ,pick]+ & ,b>n>d1 x is disclos$ z ! m]e nucleus ( a trem5d\s spiral1 sweep+ r\nd f ,bellatrix to ,rigel4 ,diffus$ nebulosities appe> 9 photographs z f> f homog5e\s4 ,!y are n simple volumes ( gas indef9itely exp&+ 9 all directions1 aft] ! mann] ( simple a]i=m fluids4 ,!y possess1 on ! contr>y1 *>act]i/ic %apes4 ,/ructureless nebul1 l /ructureless protoplasm1 seem to be non-exi/5t4 ,9 all1 an organis+ pr9ciple is at "w4 ,m9ute telescopic />s %[$ to ,h]s*el z preval5tly r$1 ow+1 he conjectur$1 to ! enfeeblem5t ( _! blue rays dur+ an uncommonly long j\rney ?r\gh space 8n q de/itute ( "s v subtle m$ium40 ,! argum5t is a rem>kable "o4 ,x w\ld be valid if ! e!real vehicle ( light ex]cis$ absorption aft] ! mann] ( ord9>y att5uat$ sub/ances4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 reason to suppose t ! symptomatic r$ness 0 only a subjective impression1 n an objective fact4 ,8 col\r-s5se 0 n q normal4 ,! l[]1 to 8 p]ception1 some:at ov]balanc$ ! high] end ( ! spectrum1 & 8 mirrors add$ to ! inequality by reflect+ a dim9i%$ proportion ( blue light4 ,?us he record$ _m />s z t+$ ) r$ :i* are n[ col\rless1 yet lie "u no suspicion ( *ange4 ,h]s*el 01 9 ! highe/ & wide/ s5se1 ! f\nd] ( sid]eal a/ronomy4 ,he organis$ ! sci5ce & set x go+2 he laid d[n ! pr9ciples ( its future action2 he accumulat$ mat]ials = its g5]alisations1 & gave examples ( h[ be/ to employ !m4 ,8 "w 0 at once s /imulat+ & s practical t its ab&onm5t might be call$ impossible4 ,o!rs 7 sure to resume :]e he _h left (f4 ,8 son 0 8 fir/ & fitte/ successor2 he 0 ! only "o :o und]took 9 its entirety ! inh]it$ task4 ,yet !re are to be f\nd 9 e qu>t] ( ! _w m5 imbu$ ) ,william ,h]s*el's sublime ambitions4 ,success swells ! ranks ( an invad+ army2 & ! m>* ( a/ronomy has1 )9 ! la/ decade1 assum$ a triumphal "*4 ,! victory c nev] be completely won2 ! m>* c nev] rea* its f9al goal2 b spoils are mean:ile ga!r$ up by ! wayside :i* eag] recruits are cr[d+ 9 to %>e4 ,! heav5s are1 ye> by ye>1 giv+ up secrets long & pati5tly wat*$ =1 :ile hold+ 9 res]ve _m o!rs /ill m my/]i\s4 ,!re is no fe> ( int]e/ be+ exhau/$ by disclosure4 ,h]s*el's dim intuition t some?+ might be le>n$ ab\t ! physical nature ( ! />s f ! div]se quality ( _! light1 0 v]ifi$ aft] sixty-five ye>s1 by ! e>ly rese>*es ( ,sec*i1 ,hugg9s1 & ,mill]2 b he c\ld n suspect t1 ?r\gh ! *emical prop]ties1 :i* he guess$ to belong 9 v>y+ degrees to ! diff]5t sections ( _! spectra1 pictures ( ! heav5ly bodies w\ld be obta9$ m p]fect ?an ! telescopic views he raptur\sly gaz$ at4 ,/ill less c\ld he h imag9$ t1 ow+ to its faculty ( accumulat+ impressions too weak to affect ! eye sep>ately1 ! *emical w\ld1 9 great measure1 sup]s$e ! telescopic me?od 9 c>ry+ out ! designs he _h mo/ at he>t4 ,^? designs h n[ gr[n to be ( int]national importance4 ,at eighte5 nor!rn & s\!rn obs]vatories a photographic review ( ! heav5s is 9 progress4 ,! comb9$ results w be ! regi/ration1 9 place & magnitude1 ( fifte5 to tw5ty millions ( />s4 ,! gaug+ ( ! skies w !n be complete d[n to ! f\rte5? magnitude2 & ! 8con/ruction ( ! heav5s0 c be /udi$ ) mat]ials ( ! be/ quality1 & almo/ indef9ite 9 quantity4 ,by simply 8c\nt+ ! gauges0 on ,h]s*el's e>ly plan1 mu* may be le>nt2 ! am\nt ( /ell> cond5sation t[>ds ! plane ( ! ,milky ,way1 = in/ance1 & ! ext5t ( /ell> d5udation ne> its poles4 ,a m>k$ contra/ betwe5 ! measures ( di/ribution 9 ^! opposite directions w mo/ likely be br\ght into view4 ,! application ( 8 lat] me?od ( enum]ation by magnitudes ought to prove ev5 m in/ructive1 b may be v difficult4 ,! ob/acles1 x is to be hop$1 w n be insurm\ntable2 yet !y look j n[ =midable en\gh4 ,! gr& problem ) :i* ,h]s*el grappl$ all 8 life involves m complicat$ relations ?an he 0 aw>e (4 ,x might be comp>$ to a =tress1 ! citadel ( :i* c only be approa*$ aft] innum]able outworks h be5 /orm$4 ,t "o man1 urg$ on by ! exalt$ curiosity inspir$ by ! contemplation ( ! heav5s1 attempt$ to c>ry x by a c\p de ma91 &1 hav+ made no inconsid]able brea* 9 its =tifications1 )drew f ! assault1 8 8bann] torn1 b fly+10 mu/ always be rememb]$ ) amazem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>ol9e ,,lucretia ,,h]s*el4 7,f a portrait tak5 by ,tielemann 9 #ahbi47 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,c>ol9e ,,h]s*el4 ,c>ol9e ,lucretia ,h]s*el 0 born at ,hanov]1 ,m>* #af?1 #agej1 & 0 ?us m ?an elev5 ye>s y\ng] ?an ! bro!r ) ^: "n h]s is insep>ably associat$4 ,%e rememb]$ ! panic caus$ by ! e>?quake ( #agee1 & h] exp]i5ce b>ely fell %ort ( ! political e>?quake ( #ahdh2 b ! fundam5tal impressions ( h] long life 7 connect$ ) 8m9d+ ! heav5s40 ,%e 0 ( little acc\nt 9 h] family1 except z a m5ial4 ,h] fa!r1 inde$1 a man ( high "* & cultivat$ m9d1 ?\ght mu* ( h] future1 & wi%$ to improve h] prospects by giv+ h] "s accompli%m5ts4 ,s he taught h] to play ! viol9 well en\gh to take "p 9 conc]t$ music4 ,b h] in/ruction 0 practicable only :5 h] "m 0 out ( ! way1 or 9 a p>ticul>ly good hum\r4 ,ess5tially a 8,hausfrau10 ,anna ,ilse _h no sympa?y ) aspirations4 ,%e 0 h>d-work+ & well-mean+1 b n>r[ & inflexible1 & %e kept h] second daught] /rictly to h\sehold drudg]y4 ,h] lit]>y education1 accord+ly1 got no f>!r ?an read+ & writ+2 ev5 ! ?ird 8,r0 0 d5i$ to h]4 ,b %e 0 c>efully tra9$ 9 pla9 sew+ & knitt+1 & suppli$ h] f\r bro!rs ) /ock+s f s e>ly an age t ! fir/ specim5 ( h] workman%ip t\*$ ! gr\nd :ile %e /ood upright f9i%+ ! toe6 ,few signs ( t5d]ness 7 accord$ to h]4 ,h] elde/ bro!r1 ,jacob1 a brilliant musician1 & some:at high-&-mighty 9 8 ways1 did n sp>e cuffs :5 %e wait$ awkw>dly at table2 & h] si/]1 ,mrs4 ,griesba*1 evid5tly took slight notice ( h]4 ,william1 h[ev]1 %[$ h] inv>iable affection2 & him & h] fa!r %e sil5tly ador$4 ,9 #agef1 :5 !y bo? return$ f ,engl& ) ! ,hanov]ian ,gu>d1 %e recall$ h[1 on ! day ( _! arrival1 8,my "m be+ v busy prep>+ d9n]1 _h suff]$ me to g all alone to ! p>ade to meet my fa!r1 b ,i c\ld n f9d him any:]e1 nor anybody :om ,i knew2 s at la/1 :5 ne>ly froz5 to dea?1 ,i came home & f\nd !m all at table4 ,my de> bro!r ,william ?rew d[n 8 knife & =k1 & ran to welcome1 & cr\*$ d[n to me1 :i* made me =get all my grievances4 ,! re/ 7 s happy at see+ "o ano!r aga9 t my abs5ce _h nev] be5 p]ceiv$40 ,h[ well "o c realise ! disconsolate little exp$ition1 ! woe-begone entry ( ! six-ye>-old maid51 h] he>t-*ill on f9d+ h]self =gott51 & ! revulsion ( joy at h] soldi]-bro!r's cordial greet+6 ,isaac ,h]s*el di$ ,m>* #bbnd1 #agfg4 ,he _h nev] recov]$ ! campaign ( ,dett+51 yet /ruggl$1 9 spite ( gr[+ infirmities1 to e>n a livelihood by giv+ lessons & copy+ music4 ,8 daught] 0 ?r[n by 8 loss into a 8/ate ( /upefaction10 f :i* %e r\s$ h]self1 aft] "s weeks1 to consid] ! gloomy outlook ( h] de/9y4 ,%e 0 sev5te51 & 0 qualifi$1 z %e reflect$ ) angui%1 only to be a h\semaid4 ,%e 0 pla9 9 face & small 9 /ature1 & h] fa!r _h (t5 w>n$ h] t if %e ev] m>ri$ x w\ld be comp>atively late 9 life1 :5 h] f9e "* _h unfold$ its attractions4 ,/ill1 %e did n lose hope ( mak+ h] way s+le-h&$4 ,al?\gh ov]-bur!n$ ) s]vile lab\rs1 %e contriv$1 unkn[n to h] "m1 to get "s tea*+ 9 fancy-"w f a consumptive girl ^: c\gh f across ! /reet gave ! signal = a daybreak r5dezv\s2 tru/+ t1 ) ?is acquirem5t1 & 8a little notion ( music1 %e might obta9 a place z gov]ness 9 "s family :]e ! want ( a k ( ,fr5* w\ld be no objection40 ,!re 0 8no k9d ( ornam5tal ne$lework1 knott+1 plait+ hair1 /r++ beads & bugles1 ( :i* %e did n make samples by way ( ma/]+ ! art40 ,%e 0 !n p]mitt$ to take "s lessons 9 dressmak+ & mill9]y4 ,b ! curr5t ( h] ?\ghts 0 completely *ang$ by an invitation f h] bro!r ,william to jo9 him at ,ba?4 ,%e 01 if possible1 to be made into a conc]t-s+]4 ,yet h] voice _h nev] be5 tri$1 & its v exi/5ce 0 problematical4 ,x may1 !n1 be suspect$ t ,william's prim>y motive 0 to come to ! rescue ( 8 poor little ,c9d]ella si/]4 ,mon?s pass$ 9 8h>ass+ unc]ta9ty0 z to :e!r %e 0 to g or /ay2 mon?s1 too1 dur+ :i* h] own m9d 0 divid$ betwe5 ! long+ to foll[ h] ris+ />1 & a c]ta9 compuncti\s cl++ to h] duties at home4 ,"t1 h[ev]1 did n pass 9 idl5ess4 ,tak+ no notice ( ! sup]ior ,jacob's ridicule ( h] vision>y trans=mation into an arti/1 %e quietly set ab\t practis+1 ) a gag betwe5 h] tee?1 ! solo p>ts ( viol9 conc]tos1 8%ake & all10 s t1 z %e says1 8,i _h ga9$ a tol]able execution be=e ,i knew h[ to s+40 ,%e occupi$ h]self besides 9 mak+ a /ore ( prospective clo?+ = relatives1 :o1 %e c\ld n b fe>1 w\ld miss h] s]vices4 ,= h] )drawal h] "m1 h[ev]1 receiv$ f ,william money-comp5sation1 :i* enabl$ h] to keep a s]vant 9 lieu ( h] daught]4 ,! p>t+1 :5 he came to fet* h]1 9 ,augu/1 #aggb1 0 none ! less a sorr[ful "o2 b ,c>ol9e _h mu* to di/ract h] m9d f dwell+ on ^? %e _h left beh9d4 ,%e _h1 besides1 mu* discom=t to endure4 ,six days & nights 9 an op5 /age-c>riage 7 foll[$ by a tempe/u\s passage2 ! packet 9 :i* !y emb>k$ at ,helvoetsluys rea*$ ,y>m\? disma/$ & half-wreck$2 & !y 7 f9ally1 n duly l&$1 b 8?r[n l balls by two sailors10 on ! ,engli% coa/4 ,aft] a brief glimpse ( ,london1 !y />t$1 ,augu/ #bh?1 9 ! night coa* = ,ba?1 :]e ,c>ol9e arriv$ 8almo/ annihilat$0 by fatigue & want ( sleep4 ,h] tra9+ = an unfamili> life began )\t delay4 ,%e _h to le>n ,engli%1 ari?metic1 & en\gh ( acc\nt-keep+ to qualify h] = conduct+ ! h\sehold affairs2 a r\t9e ( s++-lessons & practis+ 0 ent]$ ^u2 & %e 0 s5t out alone to m>ket1 ,alex&] ,h]s*el lurk+ beh9d to see t %e came safely out ( ! mle ( buy]s & sell]s1 :5ce %e br\ght home 8:atev] 9 h] fright %e c\ld pick up40 ,%e suff]$ _m ?+s1 too1 f h] bro!r's s]vant1 8a hot-head$ old ,wel%woman10 ^: rgime 0 "o ( rack & ru9 to dome/ic ut5sils2 :ile heimweh made =midable onslaughts on h] naturally s]5e spirits4 ,a visit to ,london1 z ! gue/ ( ,mrs4 ,colebrook1 "o ( h] bro!r's pupils1 gave h] "s exp]i5ce ( t[n gaieties4 ,b ! exp5ses ( dress & *airm5 %ock$ h] frugal ideas2 & %e ?\ght ! "y ladies1 ^: companion%ip 0 (f]$ to h]1 8v little bett] ?an idiots40 ,z a vocali/1 ,miss ,h]s*el came easily to ! front4 ,aft] a few mon?s ( /udy1 h] voice 0 9 dem& at ev5+ p>ties2 :5 h] =eign acc5tuation _h be5 correct$1 %e took ! fir/ soprano p>ts 9 8,! ,messiah10 8,samson10 8,judas ,maccabu10 & o!r oratorios2 & sang z prima donna at ! w9t] conc]ts bo? at ,ba? & ,bri/ol4 ,9 accordance ) h] resolution to appe> only :]e h] bro!r conduct$1 %e decl9$ an engagem5t = a musical fe/ival at ,birm+ham4 ,a ye>'s tra9+ 9 deportm5t 0 a prelim9>y to h] db2 a celebrat$ danc+ mi/ress be+ engag$--to use ,c>ol9e's own phrase--89 drill+ me = a g5tlewoman4 ,heav5 kn[s h[ %e succe$$60 ,a gift ( t5 gu9eas f ,william provid$ h] ) a dress :i* made h]1 %e 0 told1 8an ornam5t to ! /age20 & %e 0 complim5t$ by ! ,m>*ioness ( ,lo?ian on 8pron\nc+ h] words l an ,engli%woman40 ,h] success 0 decid$1 & promis$ to be endur+ en\gh to satisfy h] mode/ ambition ( support+ h]self indep5d5tly4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 balk$ by an extraord9>y turn ( affairs2 a turn at fir/ n at all to h] lik+4 ,aft] ! lapse ( half-a-c5tury %e /ill set x d[n z ! grievance ( h] life t 8,i h be5 ?r\gh\t annoy$ & h9d]$ 9 my endeav\rs at p]fect+ myself 9 any bran* ( k by :i* ,i c\ld hope to ga9 a cr$itable livelihood40 ,william ,h]s*el1 :5 ,c>ol9e jo9$ him at ,ba?1 0 j feel+ 8 way t[>ds telescope-mak+4 ,! fancy did n please h]4 ,! beg9n+s ( great ?+s are usually a di/urbance & an anxiety4 ,!y imply a draft ^u ! future :i* may nev] be hon\r$1 & !y (t5 play sad havoc ) ! pres5t4 ,& ,miss ,h]s*el 0 bus9ess-l & matt]-(-fact4 ,b h] devotion triumph$ ov] h] common-s5se4 ,keep+ h] misgiv+s to h]self1 %e met unlook$-= dem&s ) ! utmo/ zeal1 intellig5ce1 & discretion4 ,%e 0 always at h& :5 want$1 yet nev] 9 ! way4 ,?r\gh h] c>e1 "s degree ( dome/ic com=t 0 ma9ta9$ amid ! unwont$ confusion ( optical manufacture4 ,dur+ ! t$i\s process ( mirror-poli%+1 %e su/a9$ h] bro!r physically & m5tally1 putt+ food into 8 m\?1 & read+ al\d 8,don ,quixote10 & ! 8,arabian ,nights40 ,%e 0 ready ) direct aid1 too1 & 8became 9 "t z useful a memb] ( ! work%op z a boy might be to 8 ma/] 9 ! fir/ ye> ( 8 appr5tice%ip40 8,alex10 %e cont9u$1 80 always v al]t1 assi/+ :5 any?+ new 0 go+ =w>d2 b he want$ p]sev]ance1 & nev] lik$ to conf9e himself at home = _m h\rs toge!r4 ,& s x happ5$ t my bro!r ,william 0 oblig$ to make trial ( my abilities 9 copy+ = him catalogues1 tables1 & sometimes :ole pap]s :i* 7 l5t him = 8 p]usal40 ,musical bus9ess1 meantime1 receiv$ due att5tion4 ,/eady prep>ation 0 made = conc]ts & oratorios2 *oruses 7 in/ruct$1 rehe>sals att5d$1 p>ts dilig5tly writt5 out f scores4 ,b ! discov]y ( ,uranus swept away ! necessity = ^! occupations2 & ) a f9al p]=mance 9 ,/4 ,m>g>et's ,*apel1 on ,:it-,sunday1 #aghb1 ! musical c>e] ( ,william & ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el came to a close4 ,miss ,h]s*el's 8?\ghts 7 any?+ b *e]ful0 on ! occasion4 ,%e saw ! t]re/rial gr\nd cut f "u h] feet1 & did n yet appreciate ! cele/ial situation held 9 res]ve = h]4 ,music1 9 h] op9ion1 0 h] true & only vocation2 ! contemplation ( h]self 9 ! guise ( an assi/ant-a/ronom] mov$ h] to cynical self-scorn4 ,z usual1 h[ev]1 h] p]sonal wi%es 7 suppress$4 ,h\sewifely c>es1 too1 weigh$ ^u h]4 ,! dilapidat$ gazebo at ,dat*et provid$ no suitable %elt] = a well-regulat$ e/abli%m5t4 ,x 0 ro($ m 9 appe>ance ?an 9 reality2 ! pla/] fell f ! ceil+s2 ! walls dripp$ ) damp2 rheumatism & ague 7 its rightful inmates4 ,!n ! prices ( provisions appall$ h]1 especially 9 view ( ! sc>city ( five-p\nd notes s9ce ! opul5ce ( ,ba? _h be5 ex*ang$ = ! p5ury ( a c\rt prec9ct4 ,yet %e set to "w ) a w to le>n all t 0 ne$ful = h] untri$ (fice4 ,n out ( books4 8,my de> bro!r ,william10 %e wrote 9 #ahca1 80 my only tea*]1 & we began g5]ally :]e we %\ld h end$2 he suppos+ ,i knew all t w5t be=e40 ,! lessons 7 ( ! mo/ desultory k9d4 ,!y consi/$ ( answ]s to que/ions put by h] z occasions arose1 dur+ breakfa/1 or at odd mom5ts4 ,! scraps ( in=mation ?us snat*$ 7 c>efully record$ 9 h] commonplace book1 :]e !y con/itut$ a miscellane\s jumble ( elem5t>y =mul1 solutions ( problems 9 trigonometry1 rules = ! use ( tables ( log>i?ms1 = conv]t+ sid]eal into sol> "t1 & ! l4 ,no?+ 0 entru/$ to a memory comp>$ by h] in/ructor to 8s&1 9 :i* ev]y?+ c\ld be inscrib$ ) ease1 b z easily effac$40 ,s t ev5 ! multiplication table 0 c>ri$ ab\t 9 h] pocket4 ,%e appe>s nev] to h sp5t a s+le h\r 9 ! sy/ematic /udy ( a/ronomy4 ,h] me?od 0 t 9 vogue at ,do!boys ,hall1 to 8g & "k x10 by practis+1 z x 71 bl9dfold1 :at %e _h be5 taught4 ,yet a computational error has nev]1 we believe1 be5 imput$ to h]2 & ! volume ( h] "w 0 v great4 ,its progress 0 div]sifi$ by m excit+ pursuits4 ,%e began1 9 #aghb1 to 8sweep = comets10 & discov]$ ) a #bg-;in* reflector1 9 ! autumn ( #aghc1 two nebul ( fir/-rate importance--"o a companion to ! gr& object 9 ,&rom$a1 ! o!r a sup]b elliptical =mation 9 ,cetus4 ,%e 0 by ?is "t m ?an reconcil$ to h] a/ronomical lot2 ,von ,magellan1 inde$1 report$ 9 #aghe1 t bro!r & si/] 7 equally captivat$ ) ! />s4 ,! orig9al explorations1 9 :i* %e 0 beg9n+ to delight1 7 int]rupt$ by ! comm5cem5t ( 8 ) ! 8l>ge tw5ty-foot40 ,h] aid 0 indisp5sable1 & f ,decemb]1 #aghc1 %e 8became entirely atta*$ to ! writ+-desk40 ,%e 0 no m]e me*anical assi/ant4 ,a w\nd-up automaton w\ld h ill s]v$ ,william ,h]s*el's turn4 ,he want$ 8a be+ to execute 8 comm&s ) ! quickness ( lightn+02 & 8 comm&s 7 v>i\s4 ,= he 0 mak+1 n foll[+ prec$5ts1 & fre% exig5cies cont9ually arose4 ,"u ^! novel circum/ances1 8 si/] display$ incr$ible zeal1 promptitude1 & v]satility4 ,%e w\ld ?r[ d[n h] p5 to run to ! clock1 to fet* & c>ry in/rum5ts1 to measure ! gr\nd betwe5 ! lamp-micromet] & ! obs]v]'s eye2 dis*>g+ ^!1 & _m o!r successive tasks ) a rapidity t kept pace ) 8 swift proce$+s4 ,fatigue1 want ( sleep1 cold1 7 disreg>d$2 & al?\gh nature (t5 exact$ next day p5alties ( we>9ess & depression = ^? nights ( int5se activity1 ! fai?ful amanu5sis nev] compla9$4 8,i _h ! com=t10 %e rem>k$ simply1 8to see t my bro!r 0 satisfi$ ) my endeav\rs to assi/ him40 ,! s]vice 0 n unaccompani$ by dang]4 ,"o night poor ,c>ol9e1 runn+ 9 ! d>k ov] gr\nd a foot deep 9 melt+ sn[1 9 ord] to make "s alt]ation 9 ! movem5t ( ! telescope1 fell ov] a great hook1 :i* ent]$ h] leg s deeply t a c\ple ( ounces ( h] fle% rema9$ beh9d :5 %e 0 lift$ (f x4 ,! w\nd 0 =midable en\gh1 9 ,dr4 ,l9d's op9ion1 to entitle a soldi] to six weeks' hospital-nurs+1 b x 0 treat$ cursorily at ,dat*et2 ! pati5t consol+ h]self = a few nights' disablem5t ) ! reflection t h] bro!r1 ow+ to cl\dy wea!r1 80 no los] ?r\gh ! accid5t40 ,busy days succe$$ wat*ful nights4 ,f ! mat]ials collect$ at ! telescope1 %e =m$ prop]ly arrang$ catalogues1 calculat+1 9 all1 ! places ( #b1ejj nebul4 ,%e br\ght ! :ole ( ,flam/e$'s ,briti% ,catalogue--!n ! vade mecum ( a/ronom]s--into zones ( "o degree wide1 = ! purpose ( ,william's me?odical exam9ation2 copi$ out 8 pap]s = ! ,royal ,society2 kept ! obs]v+-books /raight1 & docum5ts 9 ord]4 ,!n1 9 ! long summ] mon?s1 :5 8!re 0 no?+ b gr9d+ & poli%+ to be se510 %e took h] %>e ( t too1 & 80 indulg$ ) ! la/ f9i%+ ( a v beautiful mirror = ,sir ,william ,watson40 ,on ,augu/ #a/1 #aghf1 h] bro!r's abs5ce leav+ h] free to obs]ve on h] own acc\nt1 %e disc]n$ a r\nd1 hazy object1 suspici\sly resembl+ a comet4 ,its motion )9 ! next tw5ty-f\r h\rs c]tifi$ x z su*1 & %e imm$iately ann\nc$ ! app>ition to h] le>n$ fri5ds1 ,dr4 ,blagd5 & ,mr4 ,aub]t4 ,! latt] decl>$ 9 reply1 8,y h immortalis$ y\r "n10 & saw 9 imag9ation 8y\r wond]fully clev] & wond]fully amiable bro!r %$d+10 ^u receipt ( ! intellig5ce1 8a te> ( joy40 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ( a s]ies ( eight simil> discov]ies1 9 five ( :i* h] priority 0 unque/ion$4 ,!y 7 compris$ )9 elev5 ye>s1 & 7 made1 aft] #agij1 ) an excell5t five-foot reflector m\nt$ on ! ro( ( ! h\se at ,sl\gh4 ,consid]+ t %e swept ! heav5s only z an int]lude to h] regul> duties1 nev] = an h\r =sak+ h] place beside ! great telescopes 9 ! g>d51 h] aptitude = t fasc9at+ pursuit mu/ be rat$ v high4 ,x 0 n until #ahai t ,encke id5tifi$ h] sev5? comet--detect$ ,novemb] #g?1 #agie--) "o previ\sly se5 by ,m*a9 9 ,janu>y1 #aghf4 ,none o!r revolves s quickly1 its returns to p]ihelion occurr+ at int]vals ( ?ree & a qu>t] ye>s4 ,x has e>n$ notoriety1 besides1 by a /ill unexpla9$ accel]ation ( movem5t4 ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el 0 ! fir/ woman to discov] a comet2 & h] rem>kable success 9 :at ,miss ,burney call$ 8h] ecc5tric vocation10 procur$ = h] an ,european reputation4 ,b ! homage :i* %e receiv$ did n di/urb h] s5se ( subord9ation4 8,giv+ ! sum ( m to t :i* ha? too mu*10 %e in/9ctively transf]r$ h] me$ ( praise to h] bro!r4 ,%e held h] comets1 not)/&+1 v de>4 ,all ! docum5ts relat+ to !m 7 f\nd aft] h] dea? neatly assort$ 9 a packet labell$ 8,bills & ,receipts ( my ,comets02 & ! telescopes ) :i* !y _h be5 obs]v$ rank$ among ! *ief treasures ( h] old age4 ,%e pres5t$ ! small] "o be=e h] dea? to h] fri5d ,mr4 ,hausmann2 ! five-foot to ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 :]e x is religi\sly pres]v$4 ,! 8celebrat$ comet-se>*]0 0 describ$ by ,miss ,burney 9 #aghg z 8v little1 v g5tle1 v mode/1 & v +5u\s2 & h] mann]s are ^? ( a p]son unhackney$ & unaw$ by ! _w1 yet desir\s to meet & return its smiles40 ,to ,dr4 ,burney1 t5 ye>s lat]1 %e appe>$ 8all %yness & virg9 mode/y02 :ile ,mrs4 ,pap5dick m5tions h] z 8by no means prepossess+1 b an excell5t1 k9d-he>t$ creature40 ,%e 01 9 #aghg1 (ficially appo9t$ h] bro!r's assi/ant1 ) a sal>y ( fifty p\nds a ye>2 8& 9 ,octob]10 %e relates1 8,i receiv$ twelve p\nds t51 be+ ! fir/ qu>t]ly paym5t ( my sal>y1 & ! fir/ money ,i ev] 9 all my lifetime ?\ght myself to be at lib]ty to sp5d to my own lik+40 ,! arrangem5t 0 made 9 anticipation ( h] bro!r's m>riage1 :5--to quote h] "o bitt] phrase on ! subject--8%e _h to give up ! place ( 8 h\sekeep]40 ,%e did n readily accommodate h]self to ! *ange2 & a significant gap ( t5 ye>s 9 h] j\rnal sugge/s t %e wrote mu* dur+ t "t ( /ruggle :i* h] calm] judgm5t c\nsell$ h] to de/roy4 ,h] /rong s5se ( "r & habitual abnegation1 h[ev]1 came to h] aid2 ! family relations rema9$ h>moni\s2 & %e ev5tually became deeply atta*$ to h] g5tle si/]-9-law4 ,b f #aghh onw>ds1 %e liv$ 9 lodg+s1 ei!r at ,sl\gh or ,upton1 :5ce %e came regul>ly to ! obs]vatory to d h] daily or nightly "w4 ,miss ,h]s*el began 9 #agif1 & f9i%$ 9 ab\t tw5ty mon?s1 an ,index to ,flam/e$'s obs]vations ( ! />s 9 ! 8,briti% ,catalogue40 ,a li/ ( 8errata0 0 add$1 toge!r ) a catalogue ( #efa omitt$ />s4 ,! "w1 "o ( em95t utility1 0 publi%$ 9 #agih1 at ! exp5se ( ! ,royal ,society4 ,9 ,augu/1 #agii1 %e paid a visit to ! ,a/ronom] ,royal1 ) ! object ( transcrib+ into 8 copy ( ,flam/e$'s ,obs]vations "s memor&a ^u !m made by h] bro!r4 8,b ! succession ( amusem5ts10 we he>1 8left me no alt]native betwe5 cont5t+ myself ) "o or two h\rs' sleep p] night dur+ ! six days ,i 0 at ,gre5wi*1 & go+ home )\t hav+ fulfill$ my purpose40 ,ne$less to say t %e *ose ! =m]4 ,! ,royal family paid h] _m att5tions1 p>tly1 no d\bt1 because ( h] intimacy ) "o ( ! ladies-9-wait+ to ! ,que54 ,?is 0 ,madame ,beck$orff1 :o al?\gh ( 8g5tle0 condition1 _h att5d$ ! same dressmak+ class ) ! b&ma/]'s daught] at ,hanov]1 9 #agfh4 ,! di/ant acqua9tance%ip ?us =m$ develop$1 at ,w9dsor1 into a firm fri5d%ip1 transmitt$ 9 its full cordiality to a second g5]ation4 ,an entry 9 ,c>ol9e's ,di>y tells ( a d9n] at ,madame ,beck$orff's1 ,febru>y #bc1 #ahja1 :5 ! 8:ole p>ty left ! d9+-room on ! ,pr9cesses ,augu/a & ,amelia1 & ! ,duke ( ,cambridge com+ 9 to see me40 ,9 ,may1 #ahac1 dur+ a visit to ,london1 %e pass$ sev]al ev5+s at ,buck+ham ,h\se1 8:]e ,i j arriv$10 %e says1 on ,may #ab1 8z ! ,que5 & ! ,pr9cesses ,elizabe? & ,m>y1 & ! ,pr9cess ,sophia ,matilda ( ,gl\ce/]1 7 ready to /ep into _! *airs1 go+ to ,c>lton ,h\se1 full dress$ = a fte1 & meet+ me 9 ! hall1 !y /opp$ = ne> t5 m9utes1 mak+ ea* 9 _! turn ! k9de/ inquiries h[ ,i lik$ ,london1 etc4 ,on ent]+ ,mrs4 ,beck$orff's room1 ,i f\nd ,madame ,d',arblay 7,miss ,burney71 & we sp5t a v pleasant ev5+40 ,su* ,royal condesc5sions 7 frequ5t1 & on occasions inconv5i5t4 ,! ,pr9cesses ,sophia & ,amelia1 9 especial1 took a /rong lik+ = ,miss ,h]s*el's conv]sation1 & (t5 requir$ h] att5dance = _m h\rs toge!r4 ,%e 0 graci\sly s+l$ out = notice at ! ,frogmore assemblages1 & became q inur$ to ! reception at ,sl\gh ( dignit>ies & savants4 ,no?+ d]ang$ ! simple composure ( h] deportm5t4 ,"o w\ld give mu* to "k :at 7 h] private impressions ab\t ! notabilities :o cross$ h] pa?2 b h] memor&a are1 9 ?is respect1 p]fectly col\rless4 ,names & dates are jott$ d[n ) ! same brevity z h] entries ( 8"w done40 ,ev5 ! p]sonal tr\bles ( ye>s are curtly dispos$ (4 ,h] bro!r ,dietri*'s /ay 9 ,engl& f #ahji to #ahac1 left h] n a day's respite f accumulat$ tr\ble & anxiety4 ,yet x occasion$ only "o little outbur/1 p5n$ long aft]w>ds4 8,he came10 %e wrote1 8ru9$ 9 heal?1 _s1 & =tune1 &1 accord+ to ! old ,hanov]ian cu/om1 ,i 0 ! only "o f :om all dome/ic com=ts 7 expect$4 ,i hope ,i acquitt$ myself to ev]ybody's satisfaction1 = ,i nev] neglect$ my elde/ bro!r's bus9ess0 7,jacob ,h]s*el di$ 9 #agib71 8& ! "t ,i be/[$ on ,dietri* 0 tak5 entirely f my sleep1 or :at is g5]ally all[$ = meals1 :i* 7 mo/ly tak5 runn+1 or sometimes =gott5 entirely4 ,b :y ?9k ( x n[80 ,h] lat] j\rnal is ov]%ad[$ ) ! fe> ( com+ b]eavem5t4 ,recurr5ces to ! /ate ( ,william's heal? become om9\sly frequ5t4 8,he is n only unwell1 b l[ 9 spirits10 %e notes 9 ,febru>y1 #ahag2 & ! foll[+ acc\nt ( 8 dep>ture = ,ba?1 ,april #b1 #ahah1 betrays h] deep tr\ble3-- 8,! la/ mom5ts be=e he /epp$ into ! c>riage 7 sp5t 9 walk+ ?r\gh 8 libr>y & workrooms1 po9t+ ) anxi\s looks to e %elf & draw]1 desir+ me to exam9e all1 & to make memor&ums ( !m z well z ,i c\ld4 ,he 0 h>dly able to support himself1 & 8 spirits 7 s l[1 t ,i f\nd difficulty 9 comm&+ my voice s f> z to give him ! assurance he %\ld f9d on 8 return t my "t _h n be5 missp5t40 8,may #a/4--,b he return$ home mu* worse ?an he w5t1 & = sev]al days h>dly notic$ my h&iworks40 ,8 la/ note to h]1 indit$ ) an unc]ta9 h& on a discol\r$ slip ( pap]1 ,july #d1 #ahai1 %e put by ) ! inscription3 8,i keep ?is z a relic4 ,e l9e n[ trac$ by ! h& ( my de> bro!r becomes a treasure to me40 8,l9a10 x ran1 8!re is a great comet4 ,i want y to assi/ me4 ,come to d9e & sp5d ! day "h4 ,if y c come soon aft] "o o'clock we %all h "t to prep>e maps & telescopes4 ,i saw its situation la/ night--x has a long tail40 ,?r\gh t long tail ! e>? _h1 eight days previ\sly--accord+ to ,olb]s's calculations--cut its way2 b ! propos$ obs]vations at ,sl\gh1 if made1 7 nev] publi%$4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahba1 ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el wrote ?is melan*oly 8,f9is0 to :at seem$ to h]self ! only "p ( h] life wor? liv+4 8,"h clos$ my day-book2 = "o day pass$ l ano!r1 except t ,i1 f my daily calls1 return$ to my solit>y & *e]less home ) increas$ anxiety = ea* foll[+ day40 ,eighte5 mon?s aft] h] loss ( 8! de>e/ & be/ ( bro!rs10 %e at la/ ga!r$ =titude to put on pap] h] recollections ( ! 8he>tr5d+ occurr5ces0 witness$ by h] dur+ ! clos+ mon?s ( h] fifty ye>s' soj\rn 9 ,engl&4 ,9 e l9e ( :at %e !n wrote1 h] absorb$ fidelity to him1 gr[+ m & m t5aci\s z ! end drew visibly nigh]1 comes out ) unconsci\s pa?os4 ,! angui% ) :i* %e wat*$ ea* symptom ( decay se>$ h] he>t1 b 0 refus$ any outw>d expression4 ,%e play$ out h] rle ( self-suppression until ! curta9 fell4 ,a la/ gleam ( hope visit$ h] ,july #h?1 #ahbb1 :5 %e m>k$ d[n 9 an almanac ! *e]+ circum/ance t h] invalid _h 8walk$ ) a firm] /ep ?an usual above ?ree or f\r times ! di/ance f ! dwell+-h\se to ! libr>y1 9 ord] to ga!r & eat raspb]ries 9 8 g>d5 ) me4 ,b10 %e add$ sadly1 8,i nev] saw ! l aga940 ,9 ! impetuosity ( h] grief1 %e made an irrep>able mi/ake4 ,only a mon? e>li] %e _h surr5d]$ to h] impecuni\s bro!r ,dietri* h] little fund$ prop]ty ( #ejj2 n[1 )\t reflect+ on ! consequ5ces1 %e 8gave h]self1 ) all %e 0 wor?1 to him & 8 family40 ,%e 0 9 h] sev5ty-?ird ye>2 h] only rema9+ bus9ess 9 life1 x seem$ to h]1 0 to quit x2 ! virtual close ( h] c>e] _h come2 ! actual close c\ld n long be delay$4 ,s %e retir$ to h] native place to die promptly1 if t might be1 b1 at any rate1 to m>k ! *asm t sep>at$ h] f ! pa/4 ,%e soon recognis$1 h[ev]1 t %e _h tak5 a false /ep4 8,:y did ,i leave happy ,engl&80 0 ! cry sometimes on h] lips1 always 9 h] he>t1 = a qu>t] ( a c5tury4 ,%e 0 tak5 aback by h] own vitality4 ,%e f\nd out too late t h] p[]s ( "w1 f> f be+ exhau/$1 might h be5 turn$ to acc\nt = h] nephew z !y _h be5 = h] bro!r4 ,& x 0 to him & 8 "m1 aft] all1 t h] /rong affections clung4 ,h] relatives 9 ,hanov]1 al?\gh !y treat$ h] ) consid]ation1 7 hopelessly uncong5ial4 8,f ! mom5t ,i set foot on ,g]man gr\nd10 %e said1 8,i f\nd ,i 0 alone40 ,fifty ye>s is a huge gap 9 a human life4 ,miss ,h]s*el _h be5 all t "t progress+ f ! />t+ po9t :]e !y _h rema9$ /ation>y4 ,_! ta/es 7 !n necess>ily incongru\s ) h]s2 nor c\ld h] int]e/s be transplant$ at w f ! soil 9 :i* !y 7 root$4 ,%e 0 unable to p]ceive t ! *ange 0 9 h]self4 ,! 8solit>y & useless life0 %e l$ result$1 %e 0 conv9c$1 f h] 8n f9d+ ,hanov]1 or anyone 9 x1 l :at ,i left :5 ! be/ ( bro!rs took me ) him to ,engl& 9 ,augu/1 #aggb60 ,an exile 9 h] old home1 %e felt pl$g$ to rema9 !re4 ,%e w\ld n 8take back h] promise40 ,= a p]son ( h] frugal habits1 %e 0 well (f4 ,h] p5sion ( fifty p\nds w\ld h suppli$ h] small wants1 & %e 0 reluctantly compell$ to accept ! annuity ( #ajj1 left to h] by h] bro!r4 ,& s9ce %e 0 mo/ g5]\s 9 ! be/[al ( h] sp>e ca%1 h] pres5ce 0 ( "s mat]ial advantage to a poor h\sehold4 ,x gave !m cr$it1 too2 & not)/&+ t !y 8nev] c\ld agree0 9 op9ions1 %e fai?fully nurs$ ,dietri* ,h]s*el until 8 dea? 9 ,janu>y1 #ahbg4 8,i am /ill unsettl$10 %e wrote to h] nephew1 ,decemb] #bf?1 #ahbb1 8& _c get my books & pap]s 9 any ord]1 = x is always noon be=e ,i am well en\gh to d any?+1 & !n visitors run away ) ! re/ ( ! day till ! d9n]-h\r1 :i* is two o'clock4 ,two or ?ree ev5+s 9 ea* week are spoil$ by company4 ,& at ! heav5s !re is no gett+1 = ! high ro(s ( ! opposite h\ses4 ,b )9 my room ,i am det]m9$ no?+ %all be want+ t c please my eye4 ,exactly fac+ me is a bookcase plac$ on a bureau1 to :i* ,i w h "s glass doors made1 s t ,i c see my books4 ,opposite ?is1 on a s(a1 ,i am seat$1 ) a s(a-table & my new writ+-desk be=e me2 b :at good ,i %all d !re ! future mu/ tell40 ,seat$ at t 8new desk10 %e complet$ h] mo/ important "w4 ,?is 0 ! r$uction into a catalogue1 & ! arrangem5t into zones1 ( all ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's nebul & clu/]s4 ,despat*$ to ,sir ,john ,h]s*el 9 ,april1 #ahbe1 x made 8 review ( ^? objects feasible4 ,f x1 he drew up 8 8work+-li/0 = ea* night's obs]vations2 & f x1 9 con/ruct+ 8 8,g5]al ,catalogue0 ( #ahfd1 he took ! places ( su* nebul z he _h n be5 able to exam9e p]sonally4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! ne$ful comp>isons1 8,i le>n$10 he said1 8fully to appreciate ! skill1 dilig5ce1 & accuracy :i* t indefatigable lady br\ght to be> on a task :i* only ! mo/ b\ndless devotion c\ld h induc$ h] to und]take1 & enabl$ h] to accompli%40 ,= its execution1 ! ,gold ,m$al ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society 0 aw>d$ to h] 9 #ahbh--;an hon\r by :i* %e 0 8m %ock$ ?an gratifi$40 ,h] 8,zone-,catalogue0 0 /yl$ by ,sir ,david ,brew/] 8an extraord9>y monum5t ( ! unext+ui%$ ard\r ( a lady ( sev5ty-five 9 ! cause ( ab/ract sci5ce40 ,9 #ahce1 %e 0 creat$ an honor>y memb] ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 ,mrs4 ,som]ville be+ associat$ ) h] 9 a di/9ction nev] be=e or s9ce conf]r$ ^u a woman4 ,?ree ye>s lat]1 %e 0 surpris$ by ! news t ! ,royal ,iri% ,academy _h simil>ly enroll$ h]4 8,i _c help10 %e wrote1 8cry+ out al\d to myself1 e n[ & !n1 ,:at is t =80 ,! arrival1 on ano!r occasion1 ( pres5tation-copies ( ,mrs4 ,som]ville's 8,connexion ( ! ,physical ,sci5ces10 & ( ,baily's 8,acc\nt ( ,flam/e$10 agitat$ h] pa9fully4 8,com+ to me ) su* ?+s10 %e exclaim$1 8an old1 poor1 sick creature 9 h] dotage40 8,i ?9k x is almo/ mock+ me10 %e add$ 9 #ahdj1 8to look ^u me z a ,memb] ( an ,academy2 ,i t h liv$ ^! eighte5 ye>s )\t f9d+ z mu* z a s+le comet40 ,h] local celebrity1 nev]!less1 div]t$ h]4 ,x /ruck h] z a capital joke t %e 0 8/>$ at = a le>n$ lady40 ,d[n to #ahdj %e regul>ly att5d$ plays & conc]ts1 & r>ely left ! !atre )\t a 8,wie geht's80 f ,8 ,maje/y4 ,& to f9d h]self--8a little old woman0--conspicu\s 9 ! cr[d1 produc$ a s5se ( exhil>ation4 ,h] pres5ce or abs5ce 0 a matt] ( public conc]n1 & %e v seldom appe>$ o!rwise ?an al]t & *e]ful4 ,:5 close ^u eighty h] 8nimbl5ess 9 walk+10 %e rem>k$1 8has hi!rto ga9$ me ! admiration ( all :o "k me2 b ! good folks are n aw>e ( ! arts ,i make use (1 :i* consi/ 9 nev] leav+ my room 9 ! daytime except ,i am able to trip x along z if no?+ 7 ! matt]40 ,music gave h] unfail+ pleasure4 ,%e he>d ,catalani 9 #ahbh2 %>$ 9 ! ,pagan9i furore ( #ahca1 & conv]s$ ) him ?r\gh an int]pret]4 ,) ,ole ,bull %e 0 8some:at disappo9t$10 f9d+ 8 p]=mance 8m l conjuration ?an play+ on a viol940 ,b h] 8pa9ful solitude0 0 mo/ ( all *e]$ by ! visits & communications ( em95t m54 ,no "o ( di/9ction 9 sci5ce came to ,hanov] )\t call+ ^u h]4 ,humboldt1 ,gauss1 ,mdl]1 ,encke1 ,s*uma*]1 paid h] _! respects1 p]sonally or by lett]1 if n 9 bo? ways4 8,next to li/5+ to ! conv]sation ( le>n$ m510 %e told ! y\ng] ,lady ,h]s*el1 8,i l to he> ab\t !m2 b ,i f9d myself1 un=tunately1 among be+s :o l no?+ b smok+1 big talk on politics1 w>s1 & su*-l ?+s40 ,h] situation rema9$1 to ! end1 displeas+ to h]4 ,%e made ! be/ ( x2 b ! be/ 01 to h] ?9k+1 bad4 ,hav+ wilfully flung h]self out ( ! curr5t ( life1 %e 0 nev]!less surpris$ at be+ /r&$4 ,%e recurr$1 ) inext+ui%able pa91 to ! crippl+ effects ( circum/ances & old age4 8,i lead a v idle life10 %e wrote 9 #ahbf4 8,my sole employm5t consi/s 9 keep+ myself 9 good hum\r1 & n be+ disagreeable to o!rs40 ,& 9 #ahci3 8,i get up z usual1 e day1 *ange my clo?+1 eat1 dr9k1 & g to sleep aga9 on ! s(a1 except ,i am r\s$ by visitors2 !n ,i talk till ,i c talk no m--n9ete5 to ! doz560 ,:ile at nights 8! few1 few />s ,i c get at out ( my w9d[ only cause me vexation1 = to look = ! small ones on ! globe my eyes w n s]ve me any long]40 ,%e foll[$1 h[ev]1 ) int5se delight ! progress ( h] nephew's c>e]1 9 :i* %e beheld ! cont9uation ( 8 fa!r's4 ,! intellig5ce ( 8 hav+ op5$ a nebul> campaign 9 #ahbe1 0 l ! s\nd ( ! trumpet to a disabl$ w>-horse4 ,no?+ b ! decl9e ( h] p[]s1 %e assur$ him1 w\ld h prev5t$ h] 8com+ by ! fir/ /eamboat to (f] y ! same assi/ance z1 by y\r fa!r's in/ructions1 ,i 0 enabl$ to af=d him40 ,& aga91 9 #ahca3 8,y h made me completely happy ) ! acc\nt y s5t me ( ! d\ble />s2 b x vexes me m & m t 9 ?is abom9able city !re is no "o :o is capable ( p>tak+ 9 ! joy ,i feel on ?is revival ( y\r fa!r's "n4 ,8 obs]vations on d\ble />s 71 f fir/ to la/1 ! mo/ int]e/+ subject2 he nev] lo/ sight ( x4 ,& ,i _c help lam5t+ t he c\ld n take to 8 grave ! satisfaction ,i feel at see+ 8 son do+ him su* ample ju/ice by endeav\r+ to p]fect :at he c\ld only beg940 ,sir ,john's trip to ! ,cape r\s$ h] ard5t sympa?y4 8,ja60 %e exclaim$1 on he>+ ( ! project1 8,if ,i 7 ?irty or =ty ye>s y\ng]1 & c\ld g too4 ,9 ,gottes ,nam560 ,b %e 0 eighty-two1 & c\ld only give v5t to h] feel+s by 8j+l+ glasses ) ,betty0 aft] d9n] on 8 bir?day1 :ile mi/ress & maid toge!r cri$1 8,es lebe ,sir ,john6 ,ho*6 ,hurrah60 ,! reports ( 8 a*ievem5ts 9 ! s\!rn hemisph]e 71 %e said1 8l a drop ( oil supply+ my expir+ lamp40 8,at fir/1 on read+ !m10 %e wrote to ,lady ,h]s*el1 8,i c\ld turn wild2 b ?is is only a fla%2 = soon ,i fall into a rev]ie on :at my de> nephew's fa!r w\ld h felt if su* lett]s c\ld h be5 direct$ to him1 & _c suppress my wi% t 8 life in/ead ( m9e _h be5 sp>$ until ?is pres5t mom5t40 ,! joyful intellig5ce ( h] nephew's safe return to ,engl& 0 s5t to ,miss ,h]s*el by ! ,duke ( ,cambridge1 ^: att5tions to h] 7 unfail+2 & %e liv$ to hold 9 h] h&s ! volume ( 8,cape ,results10 by :i* h] bro!r's great survey ( ! heav5s 0 r\nd$ (f to completion4 ,b by t "t ! lassitude ( approa*+ dea? 0 ^u h]4 ,?ree visits f h] nephew broke ! monotony ( sep>ation4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahbd1 he /opp$ at ,hanov] on 8 way homew>d f ! ,cont95t4 ,be=e 8 arrival1 h] 8arms 7 long+ to receive him02 aft] 8 dep>ture1 %e 8foll[$ him 9 idea e in* he mov$ f>!r0 away f h]4 ,six ye>s pass$1 & !n he came aga94 8,i f\nd my aunt10 he report$1 ,june #ai?1 #ahcb1 8wond]fully well1 & v nicely & com=tably lodg$1 & we h s9ce be5 on ! full trot4 ,%e runs ab\t ! t[n ) me1 & skips up h] two flights ( /airs z light & fre% at lea/ z "s folks ,i c\ld "n :o are n a f\r? "p ( h] age4 ,9 ! morn+ till elev5 or twelve %e is dull & we>y2 b z ! day advances %e ga9s life1 & is q #8fre% & funny' at t5 or elev5 p4m41 & s+s old rhymes1 nay1 ev5 dances6 to ! great delight ( all :o see h]40 ,_! f9al meet+ 0 9 #ahch1 :5 ,sir ,john's ,cape laurels 7 j ga!r$2 & he br\ght ) him 8 elde/ son1 ag$ six4 ,b ! old lady 0 t]rifi$ le/ ! *ild %\ld come to h>m2 8 food1 8 sleep1 8 scrambl+s1 8 play?+s1 7 all subjects ( ! deepe/ anxiety4 ,!n ,sir ,john1 desir+ to sp>e h] 8! sadness ( f>ewell10 p]petrat$ a moonlight flitt+1 :i* left h] dismay$ & desolate at ! abrupt t]m9ation ( ! visit1 & sm>t+ ) ! intol]able consci\sness ( opportunities lo/ = say+ :at c\ld n[ nev] be said4 8,all t pass$10 %e said1 80 l ,%]idan's ,*apt] ( ,accid5ts40 ,x 0 too mu* = h]2 %e did n desire ! repetition ( a pleasure rat$ at a price high] ?an %e c\ld af=d to pay4 8,i w\ld n wi% on any acc\nt10 %e told ,lady ,h]s*el 9 #ahdb1 8to see ei!r my nephew or y1 my de> niece1 aga9 9 ?is _w1 = ,i c\ld n endure ! pa9 ( p>t+ once m2 b ,i tru/ ,i %all f9d & "k y 9 ! next40 ,%e liv$ habitually 9 ! pa/1 & f\nd ! pres5t--z ,mrs4 ,knipp+1 ,dietri*'s daught] said--8n only /range1 b annoy+40 ,sometimes %e w\ld r\se h]self f a 8melan*oly le?>gy0 to sp5d a few mom5ts 89 look+ ov] my /ore ( a/ronomical & o!r memor&ums ( upw>ds ( fifty ye>s' collect+1 & de/roy+ all t might produce nons5se :5 com+ ?r\gh ! h&s ( a ,block-kopf into ! ,zeitung540 ,aga9 %e w\ld dip back into ! c>e] ( ! 8=ty-foot10 or recall ! *oral p]=mance to :i* ! tube _h res\nd$ n f> f sixty ye>s be=e1 8:5 ,i 0 "o ( ! nimble/ & =emo/ to get 9 & out ( x4 ,b n[--lack-a-day--,i c h>dly cross ! room )\t help4 ,b :at ( t8 ,dorcas1 9 ! ,begg>s' ,op]a1 says3 8#8,"o _c eat "o's cake & h x too6'0 ,t v5]able in/rum5t m>k$ = h] ! ne plus ultra ( optical a*ievem5t4 ,%e w\ld n admit ! sacrilegi\s ?\ght ( its be+ outdone4 8,i believe ,i h wat] on my bra9s10 %e in=m$ h] nephew 9 ,augu/1 #ahdb1 8& all my bones a*e s t ,i c h>dly crawl2 &1 besides1 sometimes a :ole week passes )\t anybody com+ ne> me1 till !y /umble on a p>agraph 9 ! newspap] ab\t ,grui?uis5's discov]ies1 or ,"l ,que5/[n's great telescope1 :i* %all beat ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's all to no?+2 & su* a visit sometimes makes me m]ry = a :ole day40 ,f "t to "t %e wrote books ( 8,recollections10 :i* %e =w>d$1 ) anxi\s c>e1 to ,engl&4 ,!y conta9 ne>ly all t is intimately kn[n ( ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's life4 ,! entries 9 h] 8,day-book0 ceas$ f9ally only on ,septemb] #crd1 #ahde4 ,9 ! hope ( giv+ p]man5t =m to ! memories t haunt$ h]1 %e began1 at n9ety-two1 8a piece ( "w :i* ,i despair ( f9i%+ be=e my eyesight & life leave me 9 ! lur*4 ,y w1 p]haps1 wond] :at su* a ?+ c be z ,i may pret5d to d2 b ,i _c help x1 & %all n re/ till ,i h wrote ! hi/ory ( ! ,h]s*els40 8,y rememb]10 %e add$1 8y take ! "w 9 :atev] /ate ,i may leave x1 & make ! be/ ( x at y\r leisure40 ,x rema9$ a piquant fragm5t4 ,! f]v\r ( h] />t 0 soon qu5*$ by physical collapse1 & %e ackn[l$g$ h] p[]lessness 8to d any?+ beside keep+ h]self alive40 ,h] la/ lett] to ,coll+wood 0 f9i%$ ) difficulty1 ,decemb] #crd1 #ahdf4 ,mon?ly reports ( h] /ate1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to be s5t ?i!r by ,miss ,beck$orff1 :o1 ) ,mrs4 ,knipp+1 c>$ = h] to ! la/4 ,9 hon\r ( h] n9ety-six? bir?day1 ! ,k+ ( ,prussia s5t h]1 ?r\gh ,humboldt's fri5dly h&s1 ! ,gold ,m$al ( ,sci5ce2 & on ! foll[+ anniv]s>y1 ,m>* #af?1 #ahdg1 %e ent]ta9$ ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce & ,pr9cess = two h\rs4 ,n only ) conv]sation2 %e sang to !m1 too1 a composition ( ,sir ,william's1 8,suppose we s+ a ,cat*40 ,%e _h a new g[n & sm>t cap = ! occasion2 & seem$ 8m reviv$ ?an exhau/$0 by h] ef=ts4 ,h] la/ message to h] nephew & 8 family--s5t ,m>* #ca/--0 to say1 ) h] 8be/ love0 8t %e (t5 wi%$ to be ) !m1 (t5 felt alone1 did n q l old age ) its weaknesses & infirmities1 b t %e1 too1 sometimes laugh$ at ! _w1 lik$ h] meals1 & 0 satisfi$ ) ,betty's s]vices40 ,on ! #i? ( ,janu>y1 #ahdh1 %e tranquilly brea!d h] la/1 & 8! unquiet he>t 0 at re/40 ,%e 0 buri$ beside h] p>5ts 9 ! *ur*y>d ( ! ,g>t5geme9de1 at ,hanov]1 ) an epitaph ( h] own composition4,f ,x records t ! eyes clos$ 9 dea? _h 9 life be5 turn$ t[>ds ! 8/>ry heav5s10 z h] discov]ies ( comets1 & h] p>ticipation 9 h] bro!r's 8immortal lab\rs10 be> witness to future ages4 ,by h] special reque/ a lock ( 8h] rev]$ bro!r's0 hair1 & an old almanac us$ by h] fa!r1 7 plac$ 9 h] c(f91 :i* 0 escort$ to ! grave by royal c>riages1 & cov]$ ) wrea?s ( laurel & cypress f ! royal g>d5s at ,h]r5haus54 ,f 8,d] ,blick d] ,v]klrt5 w> hi5i$5 dem ge/irnt5 ,himmel zugew&t2 die eig55 ,comet5-,entdeckung51 und die ,!ilnahme an d5 un/]bli*5 ,arbeit5 ihres ,brud]s1 ,wilhelm ,h]s*el1 zeug5 davon bis 9 die spte/e ,na*welt40 ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el 0 n a woman ( g5ius4 ,h] m9d 0 s\nd & vigor\s1 r ?an brilliant4 ,no ab/ract en?usiasm inspir$ h]2 no l9e ( inquiry attract$ h]2 %e seems to h rema9$ ignorant ev5 ( ! subsequ5t hi/ory ( h] own comets4 ,%e priz$ !m z trophies1 b n unduly4 ,! assignm5t ( prop]ty 9 comets rem9d$ h]1 %e humor\sly rem>k$1 :5 9 h] n9ety-?ird ye>1 ( ! *ildr5's game1 8,he :o fir/ cries #8,kick6' %all h ! apple40 ,yet h] faculties 7 ( no common ord]1 & !y 7 r5d]$ s]viceable by moral /r5g? & absolute devot$ness4 ,h] p]si/5ce 0 indomitable1 h] zeal 0 temp]$ by good s5se2 h] endurance1 c\rage1 docility1 & self-=getfulness w5t to ! limits ( :at is possible to human nature4 ,) h] read9ess ( h& & eye1 h] precision1 h] rapidity1 h] prompt ob$i5ce to a ^w or glance1 %e realis$ ! ideal ( :at an assi/ant %\ld be4 ,h]self & h] p]=mances %e held 9 small e/eem4 ,complim5ts & hon\rs _h no inflat+ effect ^u h]4 ,inde$1 %e deprecat$ !m1 le/ !y %\ld t5d to dim9i% h] bro!r's glory4 8,say+ too mu* ( :at ,i h done10 %e wrote 9 #ahbf1 8is say+ too little ( him1 = he did all4 ,i 0 a m]e tool :i* he _h ! tr\ble ( %>p5+ & adapt+ = ! purpose he want$ x1 = lack ( a bett]4 ,a little praise is v com=t+1 & ,i feel confid5t ( hav+ des]v$ x = my pati5ce & p]sev]ance1 b none = great abilities or k40 ,aga93 8,i did no?+ = my bro!r b :at a well-tra9$ puppy-dog w\ld h done2 t is to say1 ,i did :at he comm&$ me40 ,& h] entire & t\*+ humility appe>s conc5trat$ 9 ! foll[+ s5t5ce f a lett] to h] nephew3 8,my only reason = say+ s mu* ( myself is to %[ ) :at mis]able assi/ance y\r fa!r made %ift to obta9 ! means ( explor+ ! heav5s40 ,! aim 9 life ( ?is admirable woman 0 n to become le>n$ or fam\s1 b to make h]self useful4 ,h] function 01 9 h] own unv>y+ op9ion1 a /rictly second>y "o4 ,%e _h no ambition4 ,di/9ctions came to h] uns\ght & incid5tally4 ,%e 0 accord+ly cont5t ) ! slight & fragm5t>y supply ( k suffic+ = ! accurate p]=mance ( h] daily tasks4 ,no inn] crav+ torm5t$ h] into amplify+ x4 ,! foll[+ ( any su* impulse w\ld probably h impair$1 r ?an improv$1 h] effici5cy4 ,! turn ( h] m9d 01 above all ?+s1 practical4 ,%e us$ =mul z o!r wom5 use p9s1 ne$les & scissors1 = c]ta9 def9ite purposes1 b ) complete indiff]5ce z to ! mode ( _! manufacture4 ,:at 0 requir$ ( h]1 h[ev]1 %e accompli%$ sup]latively well1 & ?is 0 ! summit ( h] desires4 ,%e %9es1 & w cont9ue to %9e1 by ! reflect$ light t %e lov$4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,sir ,,john ,,h]s*el ,,at ,,cambridge ,,& ,,sl\gh4 8,! little boy is ent]ta9+1 comical1 & promis+10 ,dr4 ,burney wrote aft] 8 visit to ,sl\gh 9 #agig4 ,john ,fr$]ick ,william ,h]s*el 0 !n five ye>s old1 hav+ be5 born 8)9 ! %ad[ ( ! great telescope0 ,m>* #g1 #agib4 ,he 0 an indu/ri\s little fell[1 especially 9 do+ mis*ief4 8,:5 "o day ,i 0 sitt+ beside him10 8 aunt relates1 8li/5+ to 8 prattle1 my att5tion 0 drawn by 8 hamm]+ to see :at he might be ab\t1 & ,i f\nd t x 0 ! cont9uation ( _m days' lab\r1 & t ! gr\nd ab\t ! corn] ( ! h\se 0 und]m9$1 ! corn]-/one entirely away1 & he 0 h>d at "w go+ on ) ! next4 ,i gave ! al>m1 & old ,john ,wilt%ire1 a fav\rite c>p5t]1 came runn+1 cry+ out1 #8,god bless ! boy1 if he is n go+ to pull ! h\se d[n6'0 ,& %e wrote to him at ,feldhaus52 8,i see y n[ 9 idea1 runn+ ab\t 9 petticoats among y\r fa!r's c>p5t]s1 work+ ) little tools ( y\r own1 & ,john ,wilt%ire cry+ out1 #8,dang ! boy1 if he c't drive 9 a nail z well z ,i c6'0 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,john ,,fr$]ick ,,william ,,h]s*el1 ,,b>t4 7,f a portrait pa9t$ by ,pick]sgill = ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge47 8,john & ,i10 %e told 8 wife1 87 ! mo/ affectionate fri5ds1 & _m a half or :ole holiday sp5t ) me 0 d$icat$ to mak+ exp]im5ts 9 *emi/ry1 9 :i* g5]ally all boxes1 tops ( tea-cani/]s1 pepp]-boxes1 teacups1 etc41 s]v$ = ! necess>y vessels1 & ! s&-tub furni%$ ! matt] to be analys$4 ,i only _h to take c>e to exclude wat]1 :i* w\ld h produc$ havoc on my c>pet40 ,f a prep>atory s*ool kept by ,dr4 ,gretton at ,hit*am1 he 0 s5t1 a delicate1 blue-ey$ lad1 to ,eton4 ,8 "m1 h[ev]1 happ5+ to see him maltreat$ by a /rong] boy1 br\ght him home aft] a few mon?s1 & 8 education 0 cont9u$ by a ,scot* ma!matician nam$ ,rog]s1 a man ( consid]able ability4 ,8 pupil held him 9 high respect2 yet1 ?\gh he le>n$ ,euclid accurately f him1 he told ,dr4 ,prit*>d aft]w>ds t 8he knew no m ( its real be>+ & int5tion ?an he knew ( ! man 9 ! moon40 ,! results ( ! home tuition 71 none ! less1 exce$+ly brilliant4 ,h]s*el ent]$ ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge1 at ! age ( sev5te51 & 8 aunt not$ 9 h] ,di>y t1 f ! "t ( 8 admittance to ! ,univ]sity until he quitt$ x1 he ga9$ all ! fir/ prizes )\t exception4 ,he graduat$ z ,s5ior ,wrangl] & ,fir/ ,smi?'s ,prizeman 9 #ahac1 a ye> 9 :i* hon\rs 7 n *eap4 ,peacock1 subsequ5tly ,dean ( ,ely1 took second place1 ,fe>on ,fall[s1 ! fir/ ,royal ,a/ronom] at ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 came ?ird1 & ,babbage )drew f ! competition1 judg+ himself unable to beat1 & n c>+ to be beat5 by ,h]s*el4 ,rivalry did n di/urb _! fri5d%ip4 ,hav+ ent]$1 toge!r ) ,peacock1 into a juv5ile compact to d :at 9 !m lay 8to leave ! _w wis] ?an !y f\nd x10 !y1 9 #ahab1 set ab\t fulfill+ x by ! e/abli%m5t ( ! 8,analytical ,society ( ,cambridge40 ,its object 0 to sub/itute 9 ,engl& = ,newton's fluxional me?od ! m flexible & p[]ful calculus 9 use on ! ,cont95t2 or1 z ,babbage express$ x1 punn+ on ! requir$ *ange ( notation1 8to uphold ! pr9ciples ( pure ,d-ism 9 opposition to ! ,dot-age ( ! ,univ]sity40 ,! trio ( innovators 7 full ( en?usiasm1 & !y c>ri$ ?r\gh a re=m vital to ! progress ( ,briti% sci5ce4 ,h]s*el lab\r$ zeal\sly 9 ! cause4 ,9 comb9ation ) 8 two allies1 he translat$ ,lacroix's elem5t>y treatise on ! ,diff]5tial ,calculus1 :i* became a text-book at ,cambridge2 & publi%$1 9 #ahbj1 an admirable volume ( 8,examples40 8,9 a v few ye>s10 to use ,babbage's words1 8! *ange f dots to d's 0 accompli%$2 & ?us at la/ ! ,engli% cultivators ( ma!matical sci5ce1 untrammell$ by a limit$ & imp]fect sy/em ( signs1 ent]$ on equal t]ms into competition ) _! ,cont95tal rivals40 ,h]s*el1 writ+ 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review1 playfully describ$ ! process by :i* ?is 0 br\ght ab\t4 8,! br[s ( _m a ,cambridge mod]ator10 he said1 87 elevat$1 half 9 ire1 half 9 admiration1 at ! unusual answ]s :i* began to appe> 9 exam9ation-pap]s4 ,ev5 mod]ators are n made ( imp5etrable /uff2 _! s\ls 7 t\*$1 ?\gh f5c$ ) sev5-fold ,jacqui]1 & t\gh bull-hide ( ,v9ce & ,wood4 ,!y 7 c>ri$ away ) ! /ream1 9 %ort1 or replac$ by successors full ( _! newly acquir$ p[]s4 ,! mod]n analysis 0 adopt$ 9 its l>ge/ ext5t40 ,john ,h]s*el 0 "o ( ,babbage's 8*ief & *oice/ companions10 :o breakfa/$ ) him e ,sunday aft] *apel1 & discuss$1 dur+ ?ree or f\r delightful h\rs1 8all kn[able1 & _m unkn[able ?+s40 ,8 life-long fri5d%ip ) ,:ewell began aft] 8 election to a ,fell[%ip ( 8 ,college4 ,x l5t *>m to ! occasional resid5ces at ,cambridge1 :i* t]m9at$ 9 #ahaf1 on 8 atta9+ ! dignity ( ,ma/] ( ,arts4 ,he celebrat$ 8 com+ ( age at home1 & 0 ) 8 fa!r at ,brighton :5 ,campbell *>act]is$ him z 8a prodigy 9 sci5ce1 & fond ( poetry1 b v unassum+40 ,8 fir/ publication 0 a pap] on 8,cotes's ,!orem10 s5t1 9 ,octob]1 #ahab1 to ! ,royal ,society1 ( :i* body he 0 *os5 a memb]1 ,may #bg1 #ahac4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by a s]ies ( memoirs on v>i\s po9ts ( analysis1 _! signal m]it be+ recognis$1 9 #ahba1 by ! be/[al ( ! ,copley ,m$al4 ,8 inve/igations 9 pure ma!matics 7 c>ri$ no fur!r2 b he _h done en\gh to %[ 8 p[] & orig9ality1 & mat]ially to wid5 ! scope ( ! new me?ods4 ,he 0 9 no hurry to *oose a pr(ession4 ,ev5ly balanc$ incl9ations dem&$1 circum/ances indulg$ delay2 s he paus$4 ,8 fa!r wi%$ him to ent] ! ,*ur*2 b he pref]r$ ! law1 & 0 enroll$ a /ud5t at ,l9coln's ,inn1 ,janu>y #bd1 #ahad4 ,! /ep 0 a simple =mality4 ,x committ$ him to no?+4 ,&1 9 fact1 :ile nom9ally read+ = ! ,b>1 8 ?\ghts 7 runn+ 9 a totally diff]5t direction4 ,dr4 ,wolla/on1 ^: acqua9tance he made 9 ,london1 fasc9at$ him1 & 8 influ5ce s]v$ to /eady ! helm ( 8 int5tions4 ,hav+ decid$ f9ally = a sci5tific c>e]1 he return$ to ,sl\gh1 & plung$ into exp]im5ts 9 *emi/ry & physical optics4 ,on ,septemb] #aj?1 #ahaf1 he in=m$ a correspond5t t he 0 8go+1 "u 8 fa!r's direction1 to take up />-gaz+40 ,?is brief s5t5ce gives ! fir/ tid+s ( an a/ronomical elem5t 9 8 life4 ,its gr[? 0 sl[4 ,he _h no in/9ctive turn t way4 ,x 0 ?r\gh filial rev]5ce t he resolv$ to tread 9 8 fa!r's foot/eps4 ,8 self-d5ial receiv$ a magnific5t rew>d4 ,he took a place expressly res]v$ = him1 z x might seem1 beside 8 fa!r z an explor] ( ! skies on ! gr&e/ scale4 ,b = ?is moral purpose1 he might h squ&]$ "t 9 a multiplicity ( p>tial rese>*es4 ,s late z #ahcj he told ,sir ,william ,r[an ,hamilton3 8,i f9d x impossible to dwell = v long on "o subject1 & ?is r5d]s my pursuit ( any bran* ( sci5ce necess>ily v desultory40 ,8 nebul & d\ble />s sav$ him f be+ 8ev]y?+ by turns1 & no?+ long40 ,_! collection & revisal1 begun z a duty1 grew to be irresi/ibly attractive1 & ,john ,h]s*el pl$g$ himself def9itively to a/ronomy4 ,8 e>lie/ und]tak+ 0 ! re-exam9ation ( 8 fa!r's d\ble />s4 ,ent]$ ^u at ,sl\gh 9 #ahaf1 x 0 cont9u$ f #ahba to #ahbc at ! obs]vatory 9 ,blackman ,/reet1 ,s\?w>k1 ( ,mr41 aft]w>ds ,sir ,james ,s\?1 :]e1 ) two excell5t refract+ telescopes1 ( five & sev5 feet focal l5g?1 ! colleagues measur$ #chj ( ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's orig9al pairs4 ,d\ble />s want a great deal ( look+ aft]4 ,_! discov]y %\ld be ! prelude to long processes ( inve/igation4 ,x is ( little int]e/ unless dilig5tly foll[$ up4 ,ea* repres5ts a sy/em1 individual 9 its peculi>ities1 & probably ( mo/ complex organisation4 ,! m su* sy/ems are /udi$1 ! m wond]ful !y appe>4 ,two associat$ />s h (t5 prov$1 on ke5] scrut9y1 to be !mselves v closely d\ble2 & 9 o!r cases1 di/urb$ motion has reveal$ ! exi/5ce ( obscure masses--planets on a colossal scale1 possibly ! spaci\s abodes ( unimag9able =ms ( life4 ,! 8,a/ronomy ( ! ,invisible10 h[ev]1 0 /ill 9 ! future :5 ,h]s*el & ,s\? did _! "w4 ,facts relat+ to b9>y revolutions 7 scantily =?com+1 & ! sci5ce to be f\nd$ on !m _h be5 r indicat$ ?an e/abli%$4 ,fre% obs]vations 7 !n ne$$ to asc]ta9 h[ ! circl+ />s _h behav$ s9ce #ahjb4 ,! results prov$ highly satisfactory4 ,9 ,francis ,baily's words1 8,! rem>kable ph5om5a fir/ br\ght to light by ,sir ,william ,h]s*el 7 abundantly confirm$1 & _m new objects po9t$ out z wor?y ! att5tion ( future obs]v]s40 ,to take a c\ple ( examples4 ,eta ,coron 0 f\nd to h describ$1 s9ce #agha1 "o entire r\nd1 & to be j />t+ on a second4 ,aga91 ,tau ,ophiu*i _h be5 p]ceiv$1 by ! eld] ,h]s*el1 at 8 fir/ sight ( x 9 ,april1 #aghc1 to be 8elongat$40 8,"o half ( ! small />10 he said1 8if n ?ree-qu>t]s1 seems to be beh9d ! l>ge />40 ,?is effect 0 imp]ceptible to 8 son4 ,x _h become entirely effac$ 9 ! c\rse ( =ty ye>s4 ,! /> 01 9 #ahbc1 p]fectly r\nd2 x _h1 z x 71 absorb$ its companion4 ,by sl[ degrees1 h[ev]1 ! two came into sep>ate view1 & n[ =m an easy telescopic object4 ,_! p]iod ( revolution is n less ?an two c5turies4 ,ano!r po9t ( special int]e/ 0 ! detection ( m>k$ ecc5tricity 9 a /ell> orbit--t ( ,xi ,urs ,majoris4 ,^! />s p]=m _! circuits 9 j sixty ye>s2 b 9 #ahba _! app>5t spe$ 0 s great t *anges 9 _! relative positions c\ld be det]m9$ f mon? to mon?4 ,= ^! obs]vations1 publi%$ ) notes & discussions 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions = #ahbd1 ,h]s*el & ,s\? receiv$ ! ,lal&e ,prize ( ! ,fr5* ,academy 9 #ahbe1 & ! ,gold ,m$al ( ! ,a/ronomical ,society 9 #ahbf4 ,9 ! latt] di/9ction1 ,wilhelm ,/ruve & ,amici ( ,mod5a 7 associat$ ) !m4 ,^! f\r 7 ! only d\ble /> obs]v]s !n liv+4 ,_! ex]tions s]v$ to def9e m closely ! circum/ances ( /ell> movem5t4 ,! crucial "q c\ld n[ be put1 :e!r !y are gov]n$ by ! =ce t b9ds ! planets to ! sun1 or by "s o!r =m ( attractive influ5ce4 ,9 o!r words1 is ! law ( gravitation univ]sal8 ,an answ] c\ld only be obta9$ exp]im5tally1 by comput+1 on gravitational pr9ciples1 ! pa?s ( ! be/-kn[n pairs1 & !n try+ ! fit4 ,if ! />s1 z "t w5t on1 kept ne> _! pr$ict$ places1 ! unity ( nature 9 ?is respect might be safely inf]r$2 al?\gh consid]able discrepancies might 9 any case be expect$1 ow+ to errors ( measurem5t m9ute 9 !mselves1 b l>ge relatively to curves r$uc$ by di/ance to hair-bread? dim5sions4 ,?is k9d ( inquiry 0 fairly />t$ 9 #ahbg1 :5 ,sav>y comput$ ! orbit ( ,xi ,urs4 ,8 success made x almo/ c]ta9 t ! pair mov$ "u ! planet>y regim51 con=m$ to1 !re is no reason to d\bt1 by all b9>ies4 ,john ,h]s*el1 al?\gh n ! fir/1 0 ! mo/ effective e>ly inve/igator ( /ell> orbits4 ,8 me?od1 describ$ be=e ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society ,janu>y #ac1 #ahcb1 & approv$ by ! aw>d ( its ,gold ,m$al 9 #ahcc1 w5t to ! root ( ! matt]4 ,! au?or decl>$ x a m]e wa/e ( "t to attempt to deal1 by any ref9$ or intricate process ( calculation1 ) data s unc]ta9 & irregul> z ^? at h&4 8,unc]ta9 & irregul>10 x mu/ be repeat$1 because ref]r$ to a scale on :i* t5?s ( a second assume l>ge proportions4 ,he accord+ly disc>d$1 z m]e p$antic trifl+1 su* analytical =mul z ^? employ$ by ,sav>y & ,encke1 & _h rec\rse to a graphical process1 9 :i* 8! aid ( ! eye & h&0 0 us$ to 8guide ! judgm5t 9 a case :]e judgm5t only1 & n calculation1 c\ld be ( any avail40 ,! op]ation :i* he w5t on to expla9 0 comm5d$ by ,sir ,george ,airy = its 8elegance & practical utility40 ,no?+ m appropriate c\ld h be5 devis$ ?an ?is plan1 at once simple1 +5i\s1 & accommodat+1 = draw+ a curve repres5tative ( ! successive relative positions ( d\ble />s4 ,its inv5tion effectively promot$ acqua9tance ) _! orbits2 mo/ ( ^? at pres5t kn[n hav+1 inde$1 be5 calculat$ ) its aid4 ,9 #ahba1 ,h]s*el travell$1 9 ,babbage's company1 ?r\gh ,switz]l& & ,italy4 ,8 only record$ adv5ture 0 an asc5t ( ,monte ,rosa4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> he visit$ ,holl& ) ,james ,grahame1 ! le>n$ au?or ( a 8,hi/ory ( ,am]ica02 & on ! removal ( ,s\?'s obs]vatory to ,passy1 he aga9 w5t abroad1 />t+ ) ,babbage1 b return+ alone4 ,?is "t he made a numb] ( sci5tific acqua9tances4 ,8 fa!r's "n work$ l a spell4 8,i f9d myself10 he said1 8= 8 sake1 receiv$ by all m5 ( sci5ce ) op5 arms40 ,8 mode/y =bade him to rememb] t 8 own m]its 7 already conspicu\s4 ,9 ,p>is1 ,arago & ,f\ri] %[$ him all possible att5tions2 he 0 welcom$ at ,tur9 8l a bro!r0 by ,plana1 8"o ( ! mo/ em95t ma!maticians ( ! age20 at ,mod5a1 ,amici 01 if possible1 /ill m cordial4 8,he is ! only man10 ,h]s*el told 8 aunt1 8:o has1 s9ce my fa!r1 be/[$ great pa9s on ! con/ruction ( specula40 8,among o!r ( y\r inquir+ fri5ds10 he cont9u$1 8,i %\ld n omit ! ,abb ,piazzi1 :om ,i f\nd ill 9 b$ at ,pal]mo1 & :o is a f9e1 respectable old man1 ?\gh1 ,i am afraid1 n mu* long] = ?is _w4 ,he rememb]$ y p]sonally1 hav+ himself visit$ ,sl\gh40 ,on ,july #c ,h]s*el 8made ! asc5t ( ,etna1 )\t p>ticul> difficulty1 ?\gh ) excessive fatigue40 ,on ! summit1 rea*$ be=e sunrise1 by 8a desp]ate scramble up a cone ( lava & a%es1 "o ?\s& feet high10 he f\nd himself 8envelop$ 9 suffocat+ sulphur\s vap\rs02 & 80 glad en\gh to get d[n10 aft] hav+ made a read+ ( ! b>omet] 9 conc]t ) ! simultane\s obs]vations ( ! bro!rs ,gemell>o at ,catania & ,nicolosi4 ,! same night he arriv$ at ,catania 8almo/ dead0 f ! morn+'s ardu\s climb1 8& ! dreadful desc5t ( ne>ly ?irty miles1 :]e ! mules c\ld sc>ce keep _! feet40 ,9 trav]s+ ,g]many1 he deviat$ to ,erlang51 :]e ,pfaff 0 engag$ 9 translat+ ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's writ+s2 & visit$ ,encke1 ,l9d5au1 & ,h>d+1 at ,seeb]g1 ,go?a1 & ,gtt+54 ,) ,gtt+5 he _h a special tie ?r\gh 8 creation1 9 #ahaf1 an honor>y memb] ( ! ,univ]sity2 & at ,gtt+51 too1 he hop$ to meet ,gauss--a man ( /range1 &--to ! lay m9d--un9telligible p[]s4 8,gauss 0 a god10 "o ( 8 fell[-ma!maticians said ( him2 b ! 8god0 0 on ?is occasion abs5t--fea/+ ) ! 8blameless ,e?iopians10 p]haps1 l ! ,hom]ic deities :5 want$4 ,he 0 report$ 8inconsolable0 = ! lo/ opportunity1 :i* seems nev] to h recurr$4 ,f ,muni* ,h]s*el wrote to 8 aunt1 9 view ( 8 approa*+ visit to ,hanov]3--8,i hope y hav5't =gott5 y\r ,engli%1 z ,i f9d myself n q s flu5t 9 ?is language 7,g]man7 z ,i expect$4 ,9 fact1 s9ce leav+ ,italy1 ,i h s beg>bl$ my ,g]man ) ,italian t x is un9telligible bo? to myself & to ev]yone t he>s x3 & :at is v p]v]se1 ?\gh :5 9 ,italy ,i c\ld h>dly talk ,italian fit to be he>d1 ,i c n[ talk no?+ else1 & :5ev] ,i want a ,g]man ^w1 pop comes ! ,italian "o 9 its place4 ,i made ! wait] to-day />e 7he be+ a ,fr5*man7 by call+ to him1 #8,woll5 ,sie av]e la bont d5 acet zu apport>56' ,b ?is1 ,i hope1 w soon we> (f40 ,8 next =eign holiday 0 sp5t 9 ,france4 ,he _h design$ a new in/rum5t = measur+ ! int5sity ( ! sun's radiations1 & 0 eag] to exp]im5t ) x alt]nately at high & l[ levels1 = ! purpose ( det]m9+ ! proportion ( sol> heat absorb$ by ! e>?'s atmosph]e4 ,?is me?od 0 employ$ ) f9e effect by ,pr(essor ,langley on ,m\nt ,:itney 9 #ahha4 ,h]s*el c>ri$ 8 8act9omet]0 to ! top ( ! ,puy de ,dme 9 ,septemb] #ahbf1 & wait$ at ,montpelli] = 8"o day ( int5se sun%9e10 9 ord] to procure 8 second t]m ( comp>ison4 ,! ,puy de ,dme1 ) its associat$ ?ree hundr$ summits1 /rongly allur$ him4 8,i h be5 rambl+ ov] ! volcanoes ( ,auv]gne10 he wrote f ,montpelli]1 ,septemb] #ag1 8& propose1 be=e ,i quit ?is1 to visit an ext9ct crat] :i* has giv5 (f two /reams ( lava at ,agde1 a t[n ab\t ?irty miles s\? ( ?is place on ! road to ! ,spani% fronti]4 ,into ,spa91 h[ev]1 ,i d n mean to g--hav+ no wi% to h my ?roat cut4 ,i am told t a regul> dilig5ce runs betwe5 ?is & ,madrid1 & is z regul>ly /opp$ & robb$ on ! way40 ,?is exploratory turn al>m$ ,miss ,h]s*el4 8,i fe>10 %e repli$1 8y mu/ (t5 be expos$ to great dang]s by creep+ ab\t 9 holes & corn]s among crat]s ( volcanoes40 ,he 01 nev]!less1 only dissuad$ by 8 "m's anxi\s remon/rances f pursu+ _! /udy 9 ,madeira & ,t5]iffe4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahbg1 ,babbage accompani$ him to ,irel&4 ,! "y ,a/ronom] ,royal1 ,sir ,w4 ,r4 ,hamilton1 0 unluckily abs5t at ! "t ( _! visit2 b he s5t ,h]s*el1 by way ( comp5sation1 "o ( 8 brilliant optical essays1 & a correspond5ce sprang up f :i* a la/+ fri5d%ip develop$4 ,h]s*el's sci5tific occupations at home 7 mean:ile v>i\s & press+4 ,he co-op]at$ 9 ! f\ndation ( ! ,a/ronomical ,society1 & became 9 #ahba its fir/ =eign secret>y4 ,9 #ahbd he und]took ! m on]\s duties ( secret>y to ! ,royal ,society1 & r5t$ a h\se 9 ,devon%ire ,/reet = ! ?ree ye>s ( 8 t]m ( (fice4 ,a/ronomy1 x might h be5 fe>$1 %\ld be at lea/ tempor>ily %elv$2 yet he in=m$ 8 aunt1 ,april #ah1 #ahbe1 8,a week ago ,i _h ! tw5ty-foot direct$ on ! nebul 9 ,virgo1 & det]m9$ ! "r asc5sions & pol> di/ances ( ?irty-six ( !m4 ,^! curi\s objects ,i %all n[ take into my especial *>ge--nobody else c see !m40 ,8 telescope1 9 fact1 !n held ! *ampion%ip4 ,x 0 con/ruct$ 9 #ahbj by himself1 "u 8 fa!r's directions1 on ! 8front view0 plan1 ! speculum be+ eighte5 in*es 9 diamet]1 & ( tw5ty feet focal l5g?4 ,) x he execut$1 9 #ahbd1 a f9e draw+ ( ! ,orion ,nebula1 ) :i* 8inexplicable ph5om5on0 he 0 pr(\ndly impress$4 ,x sugge/$ to him no idea ( a />ry composition1 & he lik5$ its aspect to t pres5t$ by ! 8break+ up ( a mack]el sky1 :5 ! cl\ds ( :i* x consi/s beg9 to assume a cirr\s appe>ance40 ,9 ,july1 #ahbh1 he succe$$ 9 disc]n+ ! two ,uranian satellites1 ,ob]on & ,titania1 au!ntically discov]$ by 8 fa!r4 ,!y _h n be5 se51 except incid5tally at ,sl\gh1 = ?irty ye>s4 ,8 pursuit ( !m1 cont9u$ at int]vals until #ahcb1 _h ! result ( confirm+1 :ile slightly correct+1 ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's elem5ts ( _! motions4 ,on ,septemb] #bc1 #ahcb1 he p]ceiv$ ,biela's comet z a r\nd1 hazy object )\t a tail4 ,x closely simulat$ a pretty l>ge nebula4 ,a small knot ( v fa9t />s lay directly 9 its pa?1 &1 hav+ be=e long ov]tak5 !m1 x 8pres5t$1 :5 on ! clu/]1 ! appe>ance ( a nebula p>tly resolv$ into />s1 ! />s ( ! clu/] be+ visible ?r\gh ! comet40 ,!y %one undimm$1 he e/imat$1 f beh9d a veil ( comet>y matt] #ej1jjj miles ?ick4 ,yet1 only a mon? lat]1 ! remote prospect ( a collision ) ?is t5u\s body ?rew ,europe into a panic4 ,aft] ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's dea?1 8 son =m$ ! project ( collect+ into a memorial volume all 8 publi%$ pap]s2 b he decid$ be=e long t he c\ld add m to 8 fame by pursu+ & v]ify+ 8 obs]vations ?an by repr9t+ !m4 ,! keynote ( 8 life's activity 0 /ruck 9 ^! words4 ,8 review ( ! #b1ejj ,h]s*elian nebul1 m ?an half ( :i* 7 invisible ) any in/rum5t except 8 own1 0 begun 9 ! summ] ( #ahbe1 & t]m9at$ 9 #ahcc4 ,! assiduity ) :i* x 0 prosecut$ appe>$ by its completion 9 little m ?an half ! "t judg$ necess>y = ! purpose by ! orig9al discov]]4 ,yet he 0 n exempt f disc\ragem5t4 8,two />s la/ night10 he wrote1 ,july #bc1 #ahcj1 8& sat up till two wait+ = !m4 ,ditto ! night be=e4 ,sick ( />-gaz+--mean to break ! telescopes & melt ! mirrors40 ,v few glimpses ( ?is seamy side to ! occupation are af=d$ u by ei!r ( ! ,sl\gh obs]v]s4 ,mod]n a/ronom]s1 by comp>ison1 w\ld seem1 l ! ,scot*man's b>omet]1 to h 8lo/ all control ov] ! wea!r40 ,! efficaci\s promptitude ) :i* ,john ,h]s*el swept ! skies appe>s truly wond]ful :5 we rememb] t he 0 )\t a skill$ assi/ant4 ,no ready p5 0 at h& to record :at he saw1 & h[ he saw x2 he 01 by necessity1 8 own amanu5sis2 & writ+ by lamplight unfits ! eye = receiv+ delicate impressions4 ,yet a multitude ( ! objects = :i* que/ 0 be+ made 7 ( ! la/ degree ( fa9tness4 ,! results 7 none ! less admirable4 ,embodi$ 9 a catalogue ( #b1cjg nebul1 ( :i* #ebe 7 new1 !y 7 pres5t$ to ! ,royal ,society ,july #a1 #ahcc1 & pr9t$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions 7vol4 cxxiii474 ,annotations ( great int]e/1 & ov] "o hundr$ beautiful draw+s1 enhanc$ ! value ( ! memoir4 ,h]s*el 0 /ruck1 9 ! c\rse ( 8 review1 by ! nebul\s relations ( d\ble />s4 ,a close1 fa9t pair at ! exact c5tre ( a small r\nd nebula 9 ,leo2 /ell> foci 9 nebul> ellipses2 & a /range little gr\p consi/+ ( a trio ( equidi/ant />s reliev$ aga9/ a nebul\s %ield1 7 specim5-in/ances illu/rat+ 8a po9t ( curi\s & high physical int]e/40 ,he also drew att5tion to 8! frequ5t & close proximity to planet>y nebul ( m9ute />s :i* sugge/ ! idea ( accompany+ satellites4 ,su* !y may possibly be40 ,if s1 _! revolutions might ev5tually be asc]ta9$2 & he urg$ ! desirability ( exact & p]si/5t det]m9ations ( ! positions ( ^! satellite-/>s4 8,i regret10 he conclud$1 8n hav+ suffici5tly att5d$ to ?is 9 my obs]vations1 ! few measures giv5 be+ hurri$1 imp]fect1 & discordant40 ,up to ! pres5t1 ^! suppos$ sy/ems h rema9$ s5sibly fix$2 b !y h be5 a good deal neglect$4 ,mr4 ,burnham's obs]vations1 h[ev]1 ) ! ,lick refractor 9 #ahij-a1 may supply a basis = ! future detection ( _! movem5ts 9 p]iods probably to be reckon$ by mill5niums4 ,! orbital circulation ( comp\nd nebul mu/ be at lea/ equally sl[4 ,!y are mo/ div]se 9 =m & arrangem5t4 8,all ! v>ieties ( d\ble />s z to di/ance1 position1 & relative brightness10 ,h]s*el wrote1 8h _! c\nt]p>ts 9 nebul2 besides :i*1 ! v>ieties ( =m & gradation ( light 9 ! latt] af=d room = comb9ations peculi> to ?is class ( objects40 ,su*1 = in/ance1 z ! disp>ate union ( an imm5sely long nebul\s ray 9 ,canes ,v5atici ) a dim r\nd companion1 a small int]m$iate /> occupy+ possibly ! c5tre ( gravity ( ! sy/em4 ,h]s*el's draw+s ( d\ble nebul h ga9$ significance ?r\gh _! discussion1 9 #ahib1 by ,dr4 ,t4 ,j4 ,j4 ,see ( ,*icago4 ,!y are n[ p]ceiv$ to =m a s]ies aptly illu/rative ( ! process1 !oretically inve/igat$ by ,po9c> & ,d>w91 by :i* a cool+ & contract+ body1 "u ! /ress ( its consequ5tly accel]at$ rotation1 divides into two4 ,if x be homog5e\s 9 composition1 its 8fission0 gives rise to two equal masses1 presum$ to cond5se ev5tually into a pair ( equal />s4 ,disp>ity1 on ! o!r h&1 betwe5 ! products ( fission indicates orig9al het]og5eity2 s t a l>ge nebula mu/ be ( d5s] consi/5ce ?an a small] "o physically connect$ ) x4 ,! *emical dissimil>ity ( ! />s develop$ f !m might expla9 ! col\r-contra/s (t5 pres5t$ by unequal /ell> c\ples4 ,?is view z to ! orig9 ( d\ble nebul1 & ?r\gh !m ( d\ble />s1 al?\gh d\btless repres5t+ only a fragm5t ( ! tru?1 gives wond]ful coh]5ce to ,h]s*el's fai?ful del9eations ( :at 8 telescope %[$ him4 ,no "o be=e him _h completely se5 ! 8,dumb-bell0 nebula 9 ,vulpecula4 ,sir ,william ,h]s*el _h p]ceiv$ ! 8d\ble-head$ %ot0 "p ( ?is 8mo/ amaz+ object10 b _h miss$ ! hazy %ea? :i* 8 successor notic$ z fill+ 9 ! elliptic outl9e4 ,he p]ceiv$ simil>ly 7unaw>e ( ,s*rt]'s obs]vation7 t ! int]ior ( ! ,r+-nebula 9 ,lyra is n entirely d>k2 & comp>$ ! effect to t ( f9e gauze /ret*$ ov] a hoop4 ,an exce$+ly long1 nebul> ellipse 9 ,&rom$a1 ) a n>r[ int]ior vacuity1 left him 8h>dly a d\bt ( its be+ a ?91 flat r+ ( enorm\s dim5sions1 se5 v obliquely40 ,a photograph tak5 by ,dr4 ,rob]ts1 9 #ahia1 corresponds /rik+ly ) ,h]s*el's draw+4 ,"s specim5s ( 8rift$ nebul10 7 also includ$ 9 ! collection ( #ahcc4 ,!y are d\ble or ev5 triple p>allel rays1 fragm5ts1 app>5tly1 ( s+le primitive =mations4 ,h]s*el might well ass]t t 8"s ( ! mo/ rem>kable peculi>ities ( nebul _h escap$ e =m] obs]v]40 ,bo? by ! ,royal1 & by ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,societies1 m$als 71 9 #ahcf1 adjudg$ to ?is f9e "w4 ,its progress 0 accompani$ by ! discov]y ( #c1cdg d\ble />s1 z well z by ! re-measurem5t ( a l>ge numb] ( pairs already kn[n4 ,! :ole 7 drawn up into eight catalogues1 pres5t$ at int]vals to ! ,a/ronomical ,society1 & pr9t$ 9 _! ,memoirs4 ,a good _m ( !m w\ld1 nev]!less1 be reject$ by mod]n a/ronom]s z 8n wor? p[d] & %ot10 ! />s compos+ !m be+ too f> ap>t to give m ?an an inf9itesimal *ance ( mutual connection4 ,f ,may #ahbh onw>ds1 ^! measures 7 made ) 8,s\?'s ci-devant great equatorial10 pur*as$ by ,h]s*el4 ,! object-glass1 by ,tulley1 0 five in*es 9 diamet]4 ,) a twelve-in* refractor1 its successor 9 ,s\?'s obs]vatory on ,campd5 ,hill1 ,h]s*el detect$1 on its trial-night1 ,febru>y #ac1 #ahcj1 ! six? /> 9 ! 8trapezium0 ( ,orion4 ,?is m9ute object 0 !n ab\t "o-?ird z bright z ! fif? /> 9 ! same gr\p1 discov]$ by ,rob]t ,hooke 9 #affd1 b =gott51 & re-discov]$ by ,/ruve 9 #ahbf4 ,a sl[ ga9 ( light 9 ,h]s*el's /> is n improbable4 ,he refus$1 9 #ahbf1 to compete = ! ,lucasian ,pr(essor%ip ( ,ma!matics at ,cambridge4 ,x 0 practically at 8 disposal1 s9ce all agre$ t no "o c\ld bett] ?an ,h]s*el h fill$ ! *air once occupi$ by ,newton4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 dis9cl9$ = an ,univ]sity c>e]1 & _h und]tak5 lab\rs incompatible ) x4 ,9 #ahcj he /ood z ! 8sci5tific c&idate0 = ! presid5t%ip ( ! ,royal ,society1 aga9/ ! ,duke ( ,sussex4 ,8 defeat 0 by 8a ridicul\sly small majority40 8,i _h no p]sonal int]e/ 9 ! conte/10 he wrote to ,sir ,william ,hamilton4 8,_h my private wi%es & s5se ( individual advantage weigh$ ) me 9 opposition to :at1 "u ! circum/ances1 0 an imp]ative duty1 ,i %\ld h p]si/$ 9 my refusal to be br\ght =w>d2 b !re are situations :]e "o has no *oice1 & su* 0 m9e40 ,he made ,hamilton's p]sonal acqua9tance at a d9n] ( notabilities1 giv5 by ! ,duke ( ,sussex1 9 ,m>*1 #ahcb4 ,an invitation to ,sl\gh foll[$1 & ,hamilton1 arriv+ 89 a beautiful />-"t10 enjoy$ cele/ial sights t seem$ ! op5+ ( a new firmam5t4 ,h]s*el m>ri$1 ,m>* #c1 #ahbi1 ,m>g>et ,brodie1 second daught] ( ! ,rev4 ,alex&] ,/ew>t1 ( ,d+wall1 9 ,ross-%ire4 ,! ev5t--n m]ely by conv5tion a 8happy0 "o--gave great satisfaction to 8 num]\s fri5ds4 ,miss ,h]s*el 0 beside h]self ) glad emotion4 8,i h sp5t f\r days10 %e in=m$ him on 8 w$d+-day1 89 va9 endeav\rs to ga9 composure en\gh to give y an idea ( ! joyful s5sation caus$ by ! news4 ,b ,i c at ?is mom5t f9d no words :i* w\ld bett] express my happ9ess ?an ^? ( ,simeon3 8,"l1 n[ lette/ ?\ ?y s]vant dep>t 9 peace40 ,b !re 0 no f9ality 9 h] desires = ?is brilliant scion ( h] race4 ,8 dome/ic felicity did n long cont5t h]2 %e crav$ worldly di/9ctions4 ,:51 aft] ! accession ( ,william ,,iv41 a %[] ( hon\rs 0 let fall1 %e began to ?9k pla9 8,john ,h]s*el1 ,esq410 an address v inadequate to 8 m]its4 8,dr4 ,grosskopf10 ! husb& ( "o ( h] nieces1 8has be5 zum ,ritt] ernannt by 8 pres5t ,maje/y10 %e wrote discont5t$ly4 8,s 0 ,dr4 ,mkry la/ week4 ,if all is betitl$ 9 ,engl& & ,g]many1 :y is n my nephew1 ,j4 ,h41 a "l or a wyc\nt 7sic7 at lea/8 ,g5]al ,kom>zewsky us$ to say to y\r fa!r1 #8,:y does n ,k+ ,george ,,iii4 make y ,duke ( ,sl\gh8'0 ,an in/alm5t ( h] wi%es 0 grant$ by 8 creation1 9 #ahca1 a ,knight ( ! ,royal ,hanov]ian ,guelphic ,ord]2 & %e liv$ to see him a b>onet4 ,%e _h no inkl+ ( 8 approa*+ j\rney to ! ,cape :5 he came to see h] 9 ,june1 #ahcb1 al?\gh ! visit 0 design$ z a f>ewell4 ,hanov] itself1 too1 _h = him an ance/ral *>m4 8,x 0 only ?is ev5+10 he wrote home1 8t1 escap+ f a p>ty at ,mrs4 ,beck$orff's1 ,i 0 able to indulge 9 :at my s\l has be5 ye>n+ = ev] s9ce ,i came "h--a solit>y ramble out ( t[n1 among ! mead[s :i* bord] ! ,le9e-/rom1 f :i* ! old1 tall1 sombre-look+ ,m>kt?urm1 & ! ?ree beautiful lan?orn /eeples ( ,hanov] are se5 z 9 ! little picture ,i h (t5 look$ at ) a sort ( my/]i\s wond] :5 a boy1 z t /range place 9 =eign p>ts t my fa!r & uncle us$ to talk s mu* ab\t1 & s famili>ly4 ,! lik5ess is correct1 & ,i soon f\nd ! po9t ( view40 ,almo/ f ! beg9n+ ( 8 survey+ op]ations1 ,h]s*el *]i%$ ! hope ( ext5d+ !m to ! s\!rn hemisph]e4 ,b dur+ 8 "m's lifetime1 he took no /eps t[>ds its realisation4 ,! sep>ation w\ld h be5 cruel4 ,h] dea?1 h[ev]1 on ,janu>y #f?1 #ahcb1 at ! age ( eighty-"o1 remov$ ?is ob/acle1 & ! s*eme rapidly took %ape4 ,! /ation orig9ally ?\ght ( 0 ,p>ramatta1 9 ,new ,s\? ,wales2 b ,dunlop's obs]vations !re anticipat$ him1 & he reflect$ ) disappo9tm5t t 8! cream ( ! s\!rn hemisph]e _h be5 skimm$0 be=e 8 turn came4 ,he le>n$ aft]w>ds t no?+ important 9 ! 8sweep+0 l9e _h be5 done at ,p>ramatta2 he _h virg9 skies to explore4 ,a trip to ! ,himalayas 0 8 next ambition2 & "o ( ! recomm5dations ( ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope 0 its be+ 8)9 /rik+ di/ance ( ,india40 ,b to ,india he nev] w5t4 ,! ,cape 0 beyond "q ! mo/ suitable locality = 8 purpose1 & x w\ld h be5 wa/e ( "t to h left x1 ev5 tempor>ily1 = any o!r4 ,he 0 (f]$ a free passage ?i!r 9 a %ip ( w>1 b pref]r$ to keep 8 ent]prise altoge!r on a private foot+4 ,s hav+ emb>k$ ) 8 wife1 ?ree *ildr51 & in/rum5tal outfit1 on bo>d ! ,m\nt/u>t ,elph9/one1 he left ! %ores ( ,engl&1 ,novemb] #ac1 #ahcc4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,exp$ition ,,to ,,! ,,cape4 ,! voyage 0 prosp]\s1 b long4 ,n9e weeks & two days pass$ be=e ! welcome cry ( 8,l&0 0 he>d2 & x 0 9 ! dawn ( ,janu>y #ae1 #ahce1 t ,table ,m\nta9 at la/ /ood full 9 view1 8) all its att5dant range d[n to ! f>!/ po9t ( ,s\? ,africa10 outl9$1 gho/-l1 9 cle> blue4 ,! disemb>kation ( ! in/rum5ts & luggage took sev]al days4 ,!y fill$ fifte5 l>ge boats1 & a s+le onslaught ( ! s\?-ea/]ly gale1 by :i* at t "t ( ! ye> ,cape ,t[n is h>ri$1 might easily h m>r$ ! project$ campaign4 ,all1 h[ev]1 w5t well4 ,! travell]s 7 welcom$ by ,dr4 ,/ew>t1 "o ( ,lady ,h]s*el's bro!rs1 & en?usia/ically greet$ by ! ,royal ,a/ronom]1 ,sir ,?omas ,macle>4 ,!y made no delay 9 fix+ _! headqu>t]s4 8,= ! la/ two or ?ree days10 ,h]s*el wrote to 8 aunt1 ,janu>y #ba1 8we h be5 look+ = h\ses1 & h all b agre$ = "o1 a mo/ beautiful place f\r or five miles out ( t[n1 call$ #8,! ,grove4' ,9 po9t ( situation x is a p]fect p>adise 9 ri* & magnific5t m\nta9 sc5]y1 & %elt]$ f all w9ds1 ev5 ! fi]ce s\?-ea/]1 by ?ick surr\nd+ woods4 ,i mu/ res]ve = my next all description ( ! gorge\s display ( fl[]s :i* adorns ?is spl5did c\ntry1 z well z ! a/oni%+ brilliancy ( ! con/ellations40 8,! ,grove0 resum$ its old ,dut* "n ( 8,feldhaus50 dur+ ,h]s*el's occupation ( x2 & z 8,feldhaus50 x w always be memorable 9 a/ronomical hi/ory z ! sc5e ( ! fir/ effective exploration ( ! s\!rn heav5s4 ,! place is ess5tially un*ang$4 ,only an av5ue ( fir-trees has be5 plant$ by way ( approa* to ! h\se1 a solid ,dut* /ructure1 ) a disconsolate-look+ g>d5 9 front2 :ile 9 an adjac5t field1 c>pet$ ) yell[ lup9s e spr+1 & r$ol5t ( _! p]fume1 an obelisk has be5 erect$ on ! =m] site ( ! great reflector4 ,above1 to ! we/1 t[]s ! gable-end ( ,table ,m\nta91 & an exub]ant gr[? ( oaks & p9es s(t5s ! /]nness ( its 8mural precipices40 ,! neighb\rhood 01 9 ^? days1 lonely 9 ! human s5se1 al?\gh o!rwise ov]- & ill-populat$4 ,wolves & jackals ab\nd$ 9 ! =e/s2 v5om\s snakes slid ?r\gh ! grass2 baboons _h ! run ( ! c\ntry2 ev5 ! lion & ! hippopotamus 7 sc>cely yet ext9ct 9 ! ,cape ,p59sula4 ,_m a wild hyna-%riek />tl$ ! a/ronom] at 8 nightly toil2 & ,dr4 ,:ewell report$ t he _h 8sp5t "o night 9 tig]-hunt+1 b seem$ to ?9k x poor sport comp>$ ) ! *asse aux toiles d\bles40 ,tig]1 x %\ld be expla9$1 is a local "n = a species ( leop>d3 no true tig]s h ev] be5 enc\nt]$ 9 ,africa4 ,8 tw5ty-foot began its activity ,febru>y #bbnd1 & ! refractor1 :i* 0 equatorially m\nt$ 9 a revolv+ dome1 0 ready e>ly 9 ,june4 8,b ,i am sorry to say10 he told ,miss ,h]s*el1 8t ! nights 9 :i* x c be us$ to advantage are r>e40 ,& he lam5t$ to 8 bro!r-9-law & intimate fri5d1 ,mr4 ,james ,c4 ,/ew>t1 t1 dur+ ! hot season1 8! />s tremble1 swell1 & wav] mo/ =midably40 ,! ,cape heav5s are inde$ (t5 exasp]at+4 ,on nights meteorologically q f9e1 ! dismay$ a/ronom] n uncommonly sees ! />s 8walk+ ab\t0 9 ! field ( view2 & a m]e h&ful ( cl\d w1 at o!r times1 ) incr$ible swiftness1 spread ov] ! :ole face ( ! sky4 ,/ill1 comp5sation is1 soon] or lat]1 sure to come 9 a run ( magnific5t obs]v+ wea!r4 ,?is 0 ,h]s*el's exp]i5ce4 ,he in=m$ ,francis ,baily1 ,octob] #bcrd1 #ahcd1 t 8! def9ition 0 f> beyond any?+ exp]i5c$ 9 ,engl&40 ,aft] ra9 especially1 sup]b opportunities 7 af=d$1 :5 8,! />ry sequ5ce ( nocturnal h\rs0,g ,g ,r4 ,g>nett1 8,iphig5ia 9 ,delphi40 might be unbrok51 p]haps = a week toge!r1 by a s+le adv]se incid5t ( climate4 ,h]s*el took ?ree specula ) him to ! ,cape2 "o made by 8 fa!r1 ano!r by himself ) 8 fa!r's aid1 & a ?ird1 ( 8 own exclusive manufacture4 ,_! rapid t>ni%+ kept !m 9 con/ant circulation f ! tube to ! poli%]4 ,aft] half a doz5 nights !y _h lo/ all brilliancy2 at ! end ( ?ree mon?s1 !y 7 m ?an purbl9d4 ,he acquir$1 h[ev]1 su* facility & skill 9 ! use ( 8 poli%+ ma*9e1 t he 0 able1 9 #ahce1 to report 8 mirrors z 8m p]fect ?an at any =m] "t40 ,he made a/oni%+ly quick progress 9 obs]vation4 ,on ,octob] #bd?1 #ahce1 ,miss ,h]s*el 0 in=m$1 8,i h n[ v ne>ly gone ov] ! :ole s\!rn heav5s1 & ov] mu* ( x (t54 ,9 %ort1 ,i h1 to use a homely phrase1 brok5 ! neck ( ! "w1 & my ma9 object n[ is to secure & p]fect :at is done40 ,8 sweeps yield$ a h>ve/ ( #a1bjb d\ble />s1 & #a1gjh nebul & clu/]s1 only #dci ( :i* _h be5 previ\sly regi/]$4 ,among ! novelties 7 a fa9t1 delicate m9iature ( ! r+-nebula 9 ,lyra1 & five planet>ies4 ,"o ( ^! he describ$ z 8( a beautiful gre5i%-blue col\r1 a full & int5se t9t40 ,?is lovely object1 situat$ 9 ,c5taur1 is sometimes di/+ui%$ z 8! blue planet>y02 al?\gh its hue is %>$ by all ! memb]s ( its class4 ,! nature ( _! spectrum1 9 fact1 obliges !m to be m or less gre54 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el appli$ ! t]m 8falcat$0 to two curi\s nebul belong+1 und\bt$ly1 to ! lat] recognis$ 8spiral0 class4 ,he p]ceiv$ besides 9 oval nebul ! annul> l9es ( /ructure emphasis$ 9 ,dr4 ,rob]ts's photographs4 ,he rem>k$1 fur!r1 t 8z ! cond5sation increases t[>d ! middle1 ! ellipticity ( ! /rata dim9i%es40 ,8 /udy ( ! ,magellanic ,cl\ds gave ! fir/ idea ( _! composition4 ,he %[$ !m to be aggregations on a va/ scale ( e v>iety ( cosmical product4 8,:5 exam9$ ?r\gh p[]ful telescopes1 ! con/itution ( ! ,nubecul1 & especially ( ! ,nubecula ,major1 is f\nd to be ( a/oni%+ complexity40 ,he drew up a prelim9>y catalogue ( #a1afc />s1 nebul & clu/]s includ$ 9 !m1 ! conjunction ( :i* 0 really decisive z to nebul> /atus4 ,= he %[$1 f ! elem5t>y pr9ciples ( trigonometry1 t1 tak+ ! ,great] ,cl\d to be r\ghly sph]ical 9 %ape1 its ne>e/ & remote/ p>ts c\ld diff] 9 di/ance f ourselves by little m ?an "o-t5? ! di/ance ( its c5tre4 ,! fact 0 ?us demon/rat$ t sev5? & eigh?-magnitude />s & irresolvable nebul co-exi/ )9 ^? limits4 ,he /opp$ %ort1 h[ev]1 ( ! conclusion drawn by ,:ewell & ,sp5c]1 t ! /ell> & nebul> sub-k+doms are n only locally int]mix$1 b insep>ably unit$4 ,! ,magellanic ,cl\ds are ! mo/ conspicu\s features ( ! b>r5 s\? pol> heav5s4 ,r\nd ! ,less] ,cl\d especially1 ! sky1 ,h]s*el said1 8is mo/ oppressively desolate40 ,& aga93 8,! access to ! ,nubecula ,m9or on all sides is ?r\gh a des]t40 ,"o ( ! sep>ate inmates ( ! ,l>g] ,cl\d is ! 8great loop$ nebula10 comp>$ by ,h]s*el to 8an assemblage ( loops10 ! complicat$ w9d+s ( :i* make x 8"o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y objects :i* ! heav5s pres5t40 ,to ! eye ( ! pres5t writ] x resembl$ a %9+ /rip ( cellul> tissue hung up aga9/ ! sky4 ,! 8lace-"w nebula0 9 ,cygnus is ( ! same type2 b "h ! trac]y ( nebula is closely foll[$ by a trac]y ( />s4 ,truly1 8,a mo/ wond]ful ph5om5on60 z ,h]s*el exclaim$ 9 contemplat+ x4 ,! fir/ photographs ( ! ,magellanic ,cl\ds 7 tak5 9 #ahij-ia by ,mr4 ,russell ( ,sydney4 ,!y conta9$ an extraord9>y revelation4 ,bo? objects came out 9 !m z gigantic spirals4 ,_! miscellane\s cont5ts are !n arrang$ accord+ to ! dictates ( a preval5t1 ?\gh unexpla9$ cosmical law4 ,! ,nubecula ,major is a d\ble vortex1 & ! ext5t ( its outly+ portions1 invisible except to ! cam]a1 is at lea/ eight times t ( ! c5tral mass2 b !y con=m to ! same helical l9es4 ,h]s*el catalogu$ #a1bjc />s /rewn ov] ! surface ( ! fam\s ,argo nebula1 & devot$ sev]al mon?s to its del9eation4 ,?is he f\nd 8a "w ( great lab\r & difficulty40 ,:ile at ! telescope he (t5 half surr5d]$ to despair 8( ev] be+ able to transf] to pap]1 ) ev5 tol]able correctness1 its endless details40 8,language _c easily convey10 he said1 8a full impression ( ! beauty & sublimity ( ! spectacle ?is nebula (f]s :5 view$ 9 a sweep1 u%]$ 9 by s glori\s & innum]able a procession ( />s1 to :i* x =ms a sort ( climax40 ,only ! ,orion nebula may be ?\ght to surpass x 9 8magnitude1 complexity1 & brightness40 ,its mo/ *>act]i/ic feature is an abrupt vacuity1 ( a 8lemniscate oval0 %ape1 f :i* x d]ives ! "n ( ! 8,keyhole ,nebula40 ,! value ( ,h]s*el's draw+ ( ?is gr& object has be5 acc5tuat$ by its photographic portrayal4 ,_! comp>ison betrays1 9 fact1 ! occurr5ce 9 ! int]val ( :at appe>s to be a va/ *ange4 ,already1 9 #ahga1 ,mr4 ,russell miss$ ) surprise a prom95t feature 9 ! ,feldhaus5 picture2 & its failure to appe> on photographic plates expos$ = eight h\rs1 yet impress$ ) innum]able />s previ\sly unse51 rais$ some?+ m ?an a presumption t1 z ,mr4 ,russell said1 8a well-def9$ & brilliant portion ( ?is nebula vani%$ betwe5 #ahcg & #ahga40 ,its disappe>ance 0 indep5d5tly v]ifi$ by ,dr4 ,gill1 ,royal ,a/ronom] at ! ,cape4 ,) a total exposure ( m ?an twelve h\rs1 9 ,m>*1 #ahib1 he secur$ a magnific5t repres5tation ( ?is wond]ful object1 fundam5tally agree+ ) ,h]s*el's1 save only z reg>ds ! mass ( bright nebulosity va9ly look$ = by ,mr4 ,russell4 ,! 8swan-%ap$0 or 8trid5t-l0 /ructure 0 clean gone6 ,t is to say1 ! matt] compos+ x _h ceas$ to be lum9\s4 ,x %\ld be add$ t ,mr4 ,rany>d1 ^: special exp]i5ce l5t weight to 8 op9ion1 ?\ght x unsafe to tru/ mu* to comp>isons ( draw+s ( su* baffl+ objects1 ei!r among !mselves or ) photographs4 ,be=e leav+ ! ,cape1 ,h]s*el witness$ an ev5t te/ify+ surpris+ly to ! vitality ( ?is nebula4 ,9 a cond5s$ tract close to ! d>k 8keyhole10 he 0 accu/om$ to see ! bright /> ,eta ,args4 ,x gave no sign ( be+ v>iable until1 on ,decemb] #af1 #ahcg1 he p]ceiv$ ) amazem5t t x _h1 all at once1 ne>ly tripl$ 9 brightness4 ,aft] ?is sudd5 leap1 x m\nt$ gradually to ! level ( ,alpha ,c5tauri1 !n sl[ly decl9$4 ,x j mat*$ ,aldeb>an :5 ,h]s*el lo/ sight ( x 9 ,m>*1 #ahch4 ,a second1 & ev5 m vigor\s outbur/ 0 wat*$ by ,sir ,?omas ,macle> 9 #ahdc4 ,x !n ov]topp$ e /> except ,sirius1 & = sev5 subsequ5t ye>s rivall$ ! spl5d\r ( ,canopus4 ,no notice 0 at fir/ tak5 ( its col\r2 b x 0 r$d] ?an ,m>s 9 #ahej1 & r$di% x /ill rema9s1 9 its l[ e/ate ( invisibility to ! nak$ eye4 ,b s9ce bright l9es ( hydrog5 %[ 9 its photograph$ spectrum1 we may suspect t-- 8,ev5 9 its a%es live its =m] fires10 & t1 consequ5tly1 its vicissitudes are n yet t]m9at$4 ,! in/ability ( its "* 0 virtually discov]$ at ,feldhaus54 ,except by ,bur*ell1 ! ,african travell]1 no previ\s suspicion ( x _h be5 ent]ta9$2 ! num]\s facts d5ot+ t ! />'s pa/ behavi\r _h be5 abnormal 7 collect$ by ,sir ,john ,h]s*el aft] x _h be5 caught 9 flagrante delicto4 ,9 8 belief1 x _h no physical connection )1 b 0 m]ely project$ ^u1 ! nebula4 ,b s9ce !n ! nebul> relations ( blaz+ />s h be5 /rongly und]l9$4 ,! mass ( circum/antial evid5ce n[ accumulat$ on ! po9t fully w>rants ! ass]tion t ,eta ,args makes an integral "p ( ! =mation x once illum9at$4 ,a clu/] 9 ! con/ellation ( ! ,cross1 unique 9 ! v>i$ & brilliant t9ts ( its pr9cipal compon5ts1 0 comp>$ by ,h]s*el to 8a gorge\s piece ( fancy jewell]y40 ,)9 ! space ( #a_/dh? "p ( a squ>e degree1 he det]m9$ ! places ( no less ?an #aaj ( !m1 ref]r$ to ,kappa ,crucis1 a rosy orb r\nd :i* !y are irregul>ly scatt]$4 ,! col\r-effects 9 ?is beautiful ornam5t ( ! sky ne$ l>ge ap]tures = _! full display4 ,an object %[+ to ! eye z a hazy /> ( ! f\r? magnitude 0 entitl$ by ,bay] 9 #afjc ,omega ,c5tauri4 ,h]s*el's tw5ty-foot disclos$ x z 8a noble globul> clu/]1 beyond all comp>ison ! ri*e/ & l>ge/ 9 ! heav5s40 ,dr4 ,gill obta9$ an admirable photograph ( x ,may #be1 #ahib4 ,! />s compos+ x are lit]ally c\ntless4 ,on a plate expos$ = two h\rs at ,arequipa1 ,mr4 ,solon ,i4 ,bailey reckon$ ne>ly #f1djj2 yet he made no all[ance = ^? 8too fa9t & closely pack$0 to be p]ceptible except z a 8mottl$ grey backgr\nd betwe5 ! di/9ct images40 ,some:at inf]ior to ,omega ,c5tauri 9 size1 ?\gh n at all 9 beauty1 is #dg ,t\cani4 ,s obvi\s is x to ! nak$ eye t1 = sev]al nights aft] 8 arrival 9 ,p]u1 ,humboldt took x = a comet4 ,c5tral cond5sation 9 ?is clu/] appe>$ to ,h]s*el z if m>k$ (f into ?ree di/9ct /ages2 & to 8 delight$ p]ception ! :ole int]ior (f]$1 by its roseate hue1 an exquisite contra/ to ! silv]y radiance ( ! out] portions4 ,no o!r obs]v] has1 h[ev]1 notic$ ?is *romatic peculi>ity4 ,! /ructure ( #dg ,t\cani is almo/ p]fectly uni=m4 ,x is brok5 by none ( ! 8d>k lanes10 rifts1 or tunnels :i* s curi\sly div]sify _m globul> clu/]s4 ,! usual hirsute aspect l5t by ! spread+ abroad ( t5tacles1 or radiat+ /ell> /reams1 is likewise sc>cely di/+ui%able ei!r 9 #dg ,t\cani or ,omega ,c5tauri4 ,inde$1 ,mr4 ,bailey notic$ t ! photographic images ( bo? 7 all b p]fectly circul>4 ,9 a future age ?is may be o!rwise4 ,/reams ( />s w1 p]haps1 set outw>d f ^! gr& assemblages1 leav+ vacancies beh9d4 ,?us1 if x be p]missible to judge ( ! relative antiquity ( clu/]s by _! advance t[>ds disruption1 #dg ,t\cani & ,omega ,c5tauri may be reckon$ among ! y\nge/ ( ! globul> k9d exi/+ 9 ! heav5s4 ,! me*anism ( clu/]s has receiv$ little att5tion f any a/ronom] beside ,h]s*el4 ,& a solution ( an ideal case ( ! problem x pres5t$ 0 ! utmo/ he c\ld a*ieve4 8,a quiesc5t sph]ical =m10 he wrote 9 #ahcc1 8may subsi/ z ! b\nd+ outl9e ( an imm5se numb] ( equal />s1 uni=mly di/ribut$ ?r\gh its ext5t4 ,9 su* a /ate ( ?+s ea* /> might describe an ellipse 9 any plane1 & 9 any direction 9 t plane1 ab\t ! common c5tre )\t ! possibility ( collision4 ,if ! =m be n sph]ical1 & ! di/ribution ( ! />s n homog5e\s1 ! dynamical relations become too complicat$ to be di/9ctly appreh5d$40 ,b ! m closely ^! aggregations are exam9$1 ! less likely does x seem t !y 9 any s5se repres5t 8quiesc5t =ms40 ,! arrangem5t ( ! />s compos+ !m r sugge/s _! be+ outw>d b\nd into ! ocean ( surr\nd+ space1 al?\gh ! ord]s t !y c>ry are to u seal$4 ,h]s*el subsequ5tly alt]$ 8 views reg>d+ ! composition ( clu/]s1 & ?rew out 9 #ahdg 8! possibility ( masses ( lum9\s matt]--( :atev] d5sity or r>ity1 ( :atev] bulk or m9ut5ess--=m+ a connect$ sy/em1 & be+ prev5t$ f collapse or f mutual int]f]5ce by ! resi/ance ( a transp>5t & non-lum9\s m$ium40 ,= a 8dynamical0 he1 9 %ort1 sub/itut$ a 8/atical equilibrium10 ! int]pos$ m$ium l5d+ unity to ! mix$ aggregate1 & enabl+ x to rotate1 z a :ole1 ^u an axis4 ,b ! rotation is m ?an que/ionable4 ,x seems to be preclud$ by ! ragg$ cont\rs & indet]m9ate b\nd>ies ( all />ry collections4 ,photographic evid5ce1 on ! o!r h&1 fav\rs ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's surmise z to ! composite nature ( clu/]s4 ,"s at lea/ evid5tly unite )9 !mselves ! 8two sid]eal pr9ciples40 ,! /ell> po9ts !y ma9ly consi/ ( are imm]s$ 91 or l9k$ toge!r by1 %9+ nebul\s /uff4 ,h]s*el provid$ a s\!rn sequel to 8 fa!r's />-gaug+ "w by c\nt+ #gj1jjj />s 9 #b1cjj fields4 ,_! di/ribution 0 9 complete accordance ) ! results ( ! e>li] exp]im5ts4 8,no?+ c be m /rik+10 ,sir ,john wrote1 8?an ! gradual1 b rapid increase ( d5sity on ei!r side ( ! ,milky ,way z we approa* its c\rse40 ,! exi/5ce ( an 8ecliptic ( ! />s0 79 ,lamb]t's almo/ prophetic phrase7 0 demon/rat$4 ,or1 z ,h]s*el himself put x1 ! plane ( ! ,galaxy 8is to sid]eal1 :at ! ecliptic is to planet>y a/ronomy1 a plane ( ultimate ref]5ce1 ! gr\nd-plan ( ! sid]eal sy/em40 ,he e/imat$1 f ! basis ( 8 gauge-reckon+s1 t 8 tw5ty-foot reflector 0 capable ( %[+1 9 bo? hemisph]es1 ab\t five & a half million />s4 ,! smalle/ ( ^! w\ld be ( #ade magnitude1 on ! /rict photometric scale4 ,b1 unless 8 valuation 0 greatly too small1 !re mu/ be a conspicu\s fall+ (f 9 /ell> d5sity beyond ! region ( t5? or elev5? magnitude4 ,if ?is be s1 sc>cely "o-qu>t] ( ! expect$ />s w make _! appe>ance on ! plates ( ! ,int]national ,survey4 ,! gr& feature ( s\!rn cele/ial sc5]y is ! spl5d\r ( ! ,milky ,way4 ,"o ( ! galactic cond5sations 9 ,sagitt>ius actually seems to />t out f ! sky 9 a def9ite globul> =m2 & ! d>kness ( ! great rift beg9n+ ne> ! ,cross is s int5sifi$ by contra/ ) ! /rongly lum9\s bran*es x sep>ates1 z to ?r[ ! blackness ( ! ext]ior heav5s into ! %ade4 ,?is "p ( ! ,milky ,way may ev5 be se5 9 s\!rn latitudes--z x 0 by ! pres5t writ]--reflect$ f a glassy ocean-surface4 ,! section pass+ f ,c5taur ?r\gh ! ,%ip to ,orion is1 9 "s respects1 /ill m /rik+4 ,capta9 ,jacob rem>k$ at ,madras t 8! g5]al blaze f ?is portion ( ! sky is su* z to r5d] a p]son imm$iately aw>e ( its hav+ ris5 above ! horizon1 ?\gh he %\ld n be at ! "t look+ at ! heav5s40 ,h]s*el comm5t$ on ! s+ul> int]ruptions ( ! %9+ zone by obscure spaces 9 ,scorpio1 ne> ,alpha ,c5tauri1 & else:]e2 & admir$ ! enhancem5t af=d$ to its magnific5ce by 8a m>vell\s fr+e ( />s0 atta*$ pretty regul>ly to its s\!rn bord]4 8,x is impossible10 he wrote to ,sir ,william ,hamilton 9 ,june1 #ahcf1 8to resi/ ! conviction t ! ,milky ,way is n a /ratum1 b a r+40 ,8 telescopic analysis disclos$ 9 x a v>iety & complexity ( /ructure = :i* he 0 :olly unprep>$4 8,great cirr\s masses & /reaks0 ( galactic light pres5t$ !mselves 9 ,sagitt>ius2 &1 z ! telescope moves1 ! appe>ance is t ( cl\ds pass+ 9 a scud40 8,! ,milky ,way10 he cont9u$1 8is l s&1 n /rewn ev5ly z ) a sieve1 b z if flung d[n by h&fuls1 & bo? h&s at once1 leav+ d>k int]vals1 & all consi/+ ( />s ( ! l[e/ magnitudes10 d[n to nebulosity1 9 a mo/ a/oni%+ mann]40 ,z he proce$$1 ! />s became 8inconceivably num]\s & m9ute4 ,!re mu/ be millions on millions1 & all mo/ unequally mass$ toge!r2 yet !y n[h]e run to nuclei1 or clu/]s mu* bright] 9 ! middle40 ,9 "s regions1 ! =mation prov$ unfa?omable2 all traces ( /ell> texture disappe>$4 ,9 o!rs1 x 0 pla9ly p]ceiv$ to consi/ ( portions diff]+ exce$+ly 9 di/ance1 b br\ght by projection into ne>ly ! same visual l9e4 ,ne> ! ,trifid ,nebula1 8we see =e%ort5$10 he said1 8a va/ & illimitable area scatt]$ ov] ) discont9u\s masses & aggregates ( />s1 9 ! mann] ( ! cumuli ( a mack]el-sky1 r ?an ( a /ratum ( regul> ?ickness & homog5e\s =mation40 ,^! v>i$ obs]vations compell$ him to reject decisively ,olb]s's hypo!sis ( light-ext9ction 9 space4 ,=1 if ! possible range ( e!real messages be re/rict$ 9 "o direction1 x mu/ be equally re/rict$ 9 all4 8,we are n at lib]ty10 he reason$1 8to argue t 9 "o "p ( ! circumf]5ce ( ! galaxy our view is limit$ by ?is sort ( cosmical veil :i* ext+ui%es ! small] magnitudes1 cuts (f ! nebul\s light ( di/ant masses1 & closes our view 9 imp5etrable d>kness2 :ile1 at ano!r1 we are compell$1 by ! cle>e/ evid5ce telescopes c af=d1 to believe t />-/rewn spaces lie op51 exhau/+ _! p[]s & /ret*+ out beyond _! utmo/ rea*40 ,^! objections seem fatal to :at we may call ! 8agno/ic0 !ory ( ! sid]eal _w--! !ory t inve/igations into its con/ruction are = ev] b>r$ by failure ( ! means ( communication--t we c nev] see m ?an a necess>ily mean+less "p ( a possibly inf9ite1 &1 9 any case1 absolutely inscrutable :ole4 ,! g5]al telescopic exploration ( ! ,milky ,way began & end$ ) ! ,h]s*els4 ,_! great reflectors h be5 sup]s$$ by ! photographic cam]a4 ,?is p>ticul> application ( its v]satile p[]s enc\nt]$ special difficulties2 b !y 7 happily ov]come by ,pr(essor ,b>n>d 9 ,july1 #ahhi4 ,a six-in* portrait l5s af=d$ ! two *ief requisites ( a p[]ful light-grasp & an ext5sive field2 & plates expos$ ) x = "s ?ree h\rs %[$ accord+ly1 = ! fir/ "t1 89 all _! delicacy & beauty0 7to quote ,pr(essor ,b>n>d's words71 8! va/ & wond]ful cl\d-=ms1 ) _! rem>kable /ructure ( lanes1 holes1 & black gaps1 & sprays ( />s1 z no eye or telescope c ev] hope to see !m40 ,! "w has s9ce be5 cont9u$ by him & o!rs1 notably by ,mr4 ,russell at ,sydney1 & by ,pr(essor ,max ,wolf at ,heidelb]g1 s t ! complete r\nd ( ! 8circl+ zone0 w1 be=e long1 h its v>i$ aspects p]man5tly record$4 ,!y frequ5tly pres5t /range & significant =ms4 ,bran*+1 leaf-l1 spiral1 elliptical /ructures ab\nd2 individual />s are dispos$ 9 circlets1 /reams1 p>allel r[s1 curves ( sundry k9ds4 ,a 8clu/]+ p[]0 ( unkn[n nature is ubiquit\sly active2 ord]ly developm5t is 9 progress4 ,a creative purpose c be felt1 al?\gh x _c be di/9ctly foll[$ by ! m9d4 ,h]s*el's 8sweeps0 9 s\!rn skies 7 cont9u$ until ,janu>y1 #ahch2 b ) frequ5t int]missions4 ,he 0 ready = e int]e/+ object t came 9 8 way--comets among ! re/4 8,encke's--y\rs10 he in=m$ 8 aunt1 ,octob] #bd1 #ahce1 8escap$ me ow+ to trees & ! ,table ,m\nta91 ?\gh ,i cut away a good gap 9 our pr9cipal oak av5ue to get at x40 ,f\r days lat] he caught sight ( ,halley's comet at its second pr$ict$ return4 ,b = ! /ell> aspect ( ?is body 8 obs]vations ( x w\ld h begun mu* e>li]2 =1 9 ! abs5ce ( an exact ephem]is1 x 0 impossible to pick x out f among ! />s x long precisely c\nt]feit$4 8,i am sure10 he said1 8t ,i mu/ (t5 h swept ) a night-glass ov] ! v spot :]e x /ood 9 ! morn+s be=e sunrise2 & nev] 0 surprise great] ?an m9e at see+ x rid+ high 9 ! sky1 broadly visible to ! nak$ eye1 :5 po9t$ out to me by a note f ,mr4 ,macle>1 :o saw x ) no less amazem5t on ! #bd?40 8,?is comet10 he wrote to ,miss ,h]s*el1 ,m>* #h1 #ahcf1 8has be5 a great int]ruption to my sweeps1 & ,i hope & fe> x may yet be visible ano!r mon?40 ,x l+]$ on j two4 ,he wat*$ ) a/oni%m5t ! *anges x und]w5t4 8,)9 ! well-def9$ head10 he wrote 9 8 8,cape ,obs]vations10 8& some:at ecc5trically plac$1 0 se5 a vividly lum9\s nucleus1 or r1 an object :i* ,i "k no bett] way to describe ?an by call+ x a m9iature comet1 hav+ a nucleus1 head1 & tail ( its own1 p]fectly di/9ct1 & consid]ably exce$+ 9 int5sity ( light ! nebul\s disc or envelope40 ,?is /rangely organis$ body 0 a v ,proteus = in/ability ( =m4 ,x alt]nately lo/ & recov]$ its tail4 ,x contract$ into ! lik5ess ( a />1 !n dilat$ into a nebul\s globe1 :i* at la/ vani%$ z if ?r\gh indef9ite diffusion4 ,! :ole mass 8seem$ t\*$1 seem$ turn$ to f9e/ air40 ,dur+ "o week at ! end ( ,janu>y--x _h pass$ p]ihelion ,novemb] #af--,sir ,john e/imat$ t ! comet>y ,amba _h increas$ its bulk no less ?an =ty times6 ,! p>aboloidal =m *>act]i/ic ( ?is comet & _m o!rs1 0 to him 8inconceivable10 ap>t f ! play ( repulsive1 9 addition to attractive =ces2 & he sugge/$ t high electrical excitem5t due to vaporisation1 if ( ! same k9d ) a p]man5t *>ge on ! sun1 w\ld plausibly acc\nt = ! enigmatical appe>ances he _h witness$4 ,f _! close /udy at ,knigsb]g1 ,bessel _h already conclud$ 8! emission ( ! tail to be a purely electrical ph5om5on40 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahcf1 ,h]s*el attack$ ! subject ( s\!rn /ell> photometry4 ,c>ry+ fur!r ! 8me?od ( sequ5ces10 he det]m9$ ! relative brightness ( ne>ly five hundr$ />s1 :i* he dispos$ 9 ord] on a s+le desc5d+ scale1 & l9k$ on by c>eful comp>isons to ! nor!rn />s1 z !y 8light5$ into view0 on ! homew>d voyage4 ,by ! device ( an 8artificial /&>d />10 he 0 besides enabl$ to obta9 num]ical values = ! lu/re ( ea* /> exam9$1 9 t]ms ( t ( ,alpha ,c5tauri4 ,mo/ important ( all1 he rectifi$ ! curr5t sy/em ( magnitudes1 & introduc$ a def9ite 8light ratio10 :i* has s9ce be5 ext5d$1 & m /rictly def9$1 b n alt]$4 ,8 8a/romet]0 gave ,h]s*el ! means ( balanc+ ! lu/re ( ,alpha ,c5tauri aga9/ full moonlight4 ,! latt] prov$ to be #bg1ejj times m p[]ful4 ,& ,wolla/on hav+ det]m9$ ! ratio ( moonlight to sunlight at #a_/hjjjjj 7correct$ by ,zlln] to #a_/fjjjjj71 x became feasible to comp>e ! brightness ( any p>ticul> />1 z we see x1 ) ! brightness ( ! sun4 ,alpha ,c5tauri1 = example1 s5ds u1 accord+ to ,h]s*el1 #a_/bb ?\s& million? ( ! light we receive f our dome/ic lum9>y4 ,moreov]1 :5 ! di/ance ( ! /> came to be measur$ 7x am\nts to tw5ty-five billions ( miles71 light receiv$ c\ld at once be translat$ into light emitt$4 ,& ! result has be5 to %[ t ! compon5ts ( ?is spl5did b9>y are1 tak5 toge!r1 f\r times m lum9\s ?an ! sun4 ,?r\gh ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's photometric rese>*es1 !n1 ! real light-p[] ( />s at kn[n di/ances became an asc]ta9able quantity2 & x is an elem5t ( great importance to a/rophysical inquiries4 ,on ,janu>y #aj1 #ahcg1 he wrote f ,feldhaus5 to 8 bro!r-9-law3 8,i am n[ at "w on ! spots 9 ! sun1 & ! g5]al subject ( sol> radiation40 ,! sun 0 j !n at an exceptionally high maximum ( di/urbance4 ,spots ( enorm\s size frequ5tly obscur$ its disc4 ,"o 0 e/imat$ by ,h]s*el1 ,m>* #bi1 #ahcg1 to cov]1 indep5d5tly ( o!rs1 an area ( #c1ghj millions ( squ>e miles4 ,s t x consid]ably exce$$ 9 dim5sions ! great spot-gr\p ( ,febru>y1 #ahib1 ! l>ge/ ev] photograph$ at ,gre5wi*4 ,! /udy ( a s]ies ( su* ph5om5a l$ him to prop\nd ! 8cyclone-!ory0 ( _! orig94 ,x m>k$ a decid$ advance 9 sol> physics1 if only because x re/$ ^u ! fact--until !n unacc\ntably ov]look$--t spot-production is intimately connect$ ) ! sun's rotation4 ,he reg>d$ x z a k9d ( di/urbance incid5tal to a sy/em ( fluid circulation analog\s to ! t]re/rial trade- & anti-trade w9ds4 8,! spots10 he said1 89 ?is view ( ! subject w\ld come to be assimilat$ to ^? regions on ! e>?'s surface :]e1 = ! mom5t1 hurricanes & tornadoes prevail2 ! upp] /ratum be+ tempor>ily c>ri$ d[nw>ds1 displac+ by its impetus ! two /rata ( lum9\s matt] b5ea?1 ! upp] ( c\rse to a great] ext5t ?an ! l[]1 & ?us :olly or p>tially d5ud+ ! opaque surface ( ! sun bel[40 ,b ! fundam5tal cause ( our atmosph]e's fl[ & c\nt]-fl[ is abs5t 9 ! sun4 ,! e>? is heat$ f ! outside1 & !re=e unequally2 h5ce ! air ru%es along1 turn+ we/w>d z x goes1 f ! *illy poles to ! torrid zone ( v]tical sun%9e4 ,no reason is1 h[ev]1 app>5t :y ! sol> equator %\ld be hott] ?an ! sol> poles4 ,t adduc$ by ,h]s*el is c]ta9ly inadequate4 ,he suppos$ t1 by a ret5tion ( heat at ! equator due to ! accumulation !re1 consequ5t ^u 8 rotation1 ( ! sun's absorb+ atmosph]e1 a diff]5ce ( temp]ature might be ma9ta9$ suffici5t to keep ! sol> trade-w9ds bl[+4 ,b ! effect is too slight to be detect$4 ,&1 9 fact1 ! ma9 drift ( ! photosph]ic lay]s is along p>allels ( latitude4 ,pol> & equatorial curr5ts are insignificant & unc]ta94 ,h]s*el & ,p\illet contemporane\sly1 al?\gh at opposite sides ( ! globe1 succe$$ 9 #ahcg 9 measur+ ! int5sity ( sol> radiation4 ,!y 7 ! fir/ to appreh5d ! true be>+s ( ! "q1 :i* 9 pr9ciple are simple en\gh4 ,all t is requir$ is to det]m9e ! heat+ effects1 9 a giv5 "t1 ( direct sun%9e4 ,its despoilm5t by our air has1 inde$1 to be all[$ =4 ,"h ! *ief elem5t ( unc]ta9ty comes 94 ,h]s*el put ! loss at "o-?ird ! orig9al !rmal p[] ( v]tical rays2 ,p\illet pron\nc$ x ne>ly "o-half2 ,langley1 us+ ! mo/ ref9$ appliances1 concludes x to be f\r-t5?s4 ,/rik+ an av]age betwe5 8 own & ! ,fr5* results1 ,h]s*el calculat$ t1 at ! sun's surface1 a %ell ( ice =ty feet ?ick w\ld melt 9 "o m9ute1 ! rate be+ r$uc$1 at ! di/ance ( ! e>?1 to an in* 9 two h\rs & twelve m9utes4 ,& x is n[ practically c]ta9 t ?is e/imate 0 too small by ab\t half its am\nt4 ,by way ( illu/rat+ ! effects obta9$ ) 8 philosophical app>atus1 he con/ruct$ a popul> k9d ( act9omet]1 9 ! %ape ( an 8,am]ican dispat*10 made ( a few pieces ( wood & two panes ( glass1 9 :i* eggs 7 roa/$1 & beef-/eaks broil$1 by sun-heat alone4 ,! vi&s ?us cosmically cook$ 7 8eat5 ) no small reli% by ! ent]ta9$ by/&]s40 ,mimas & ,enceladus1 ,saturn's inn]mo/ moons1 _h p]si/5tly elud$ ,h]s*el's se>* = !m 9 ,engl&2 b1 to 8 great delight1 bo? fav\r$ him at ! ,cape4 ,8 obs]vations ( !m 9 #ahce-f 7 ! fir/ s9ce 8 fa!r's "t4 ,! next detection ( ,mimas 0 by ,mr4 ,lassell 9 #ahdf4 ,! ext5t1 v>iety1 & complet5ess ( ! "w done at ,feldhaus5 /rike "o ) ev]-fre% admiration4 ,x seems sc>cely cr$ible t s mu* 0 accompli%$ 9 f\r ye>s by a s+le unaid$ individual4 ,h]s*el's only assi/ant 0 an hone/ me*anic nam$ ,john ,/one1 fai?ful1 s]viceable1 9 8 way skilful1 b n a 8be+0 ( ! 8quick z lightn+0 sort1 imag9$ & realis$ by ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el4 ,x is relat$ t dur+ 8 obs]vations ( ,halley's comet1 ,sir ,john on "o occasion fell asleep1 & :ile he rema9$ 9 ?is condition ( p]il 7ow+ to ! elevation & insecurity ( 8 p]*71 ,/one kept dutifully turn+ ! telescope4 ,at la/ ! a/ronom] awoke1 rubb$ 8 eyes1 look$ d[n ! great tube1 saw no?+1 rubb$ 8 eyes aga91 & exclaim$1 8,:y1 ,john1 :]e's ! comet80 ,! comet _h meantime set1 & ! telescope 0 duly direct$ t[>ds its place beh9d ,table ,m\nta96 ,! spl5did fulfilm5t ( 8 a/ronomical tasks did n repres5t ! :ole ( ,h]s*el's activity at ! ,cape4 ,he collect$ a l>ge /ore ( tidal data = ,dr4 ,:ewell2 />t$ sci5tific meteorology2 e/abli%$ a sy/em ( national education /ill work+ b5eficially1 & presid$ ov] ! ,s\? ,african ,lit]>y & ,sci5tific ,in/itution1 ! memb]s ( :i* pres5t$ him ) a gold m$al on 8 dep>ture4 ,8 visit made an epo* 9 ! developm5t ( ! ,colony4 ,to himself p]sonally x 0 a "t ( int5se enjoym5t4 ,8 lab\rs1 ardu\s ?\gh !y 71 proce$$ calmly1 disemb>rass$ f jo/l+ claims & c\nt]-claims4 ,!y 7 c>ri$ on ) absorb$ en?usiasm1 inspir$ 9 "p by _! sublime nature1 9 "p by ! excitem5t ( novelty4 ,8 family ?rove & multipli$ at ,feldhaus54 ,sir ,?omas ,macle>'s fri5d%ip suppli$ unfail+ social pleasure4 ,an exhil>at+ climate1 moreov]1 en*ant+ sc5]y1 transluc5t skies1 blossom+ gl5s & hillsides wor?y ( ,maeldune's ,isle ( ,fl[]s1 contribut$ to r5d] 8 s\!rn soj\rn a radiant episode4 ,he wrote ( x to ,mr4 ,/ew>t z 8! sunny spot 9 my :ole life1 :]e my memory w always love to bask40 ,b 8! dream10 he add$1 80 too sweet n to be da%$ by ! dread ( awak5+40 ,! spell 0 brok5 :5 9 ! middle ( ,m>*1 #ahch1 he sail$ 9 ! ,w9dsor ,ca/le = ,engl&4 ,! int]e/ creat$ by 8 romantic exp$ition spread to ! o!r side ( ! ,atlantic4 ,a grotesque n>rative1 publi%$ 9 ! ,new ,york ,sun = ,septemb]1 #ahce1 ( lun> discov]ies made at ! ,cape ) ! comb9$ aid ( ! tw5ty-foot reflector & ! ,drummond limelight1 0 eag]ly read & believ$ by ?\s&s1 0 repr9t$1 re-circulat$1 & re-read4 ,nor 7 common gulls ! only victims to ! hoax4 ,! tru? ( ! /ory 0 gravely debat$ by ! ,p>is ,academy ( ,sci5ces4 ,h]s*el's home-com+ 0 a triumph4 ,he 0 ov]:elm$ ) applause & gratulation4 ,8 fell[-c\ntrym5 (f]$ him :at comp5sation !y c\ld = ! disappe>ance f 8 horizon ( ! ,s\!rn ,cross4 ,he 0 creat$ a b>onet at ! ,que5's ,coronation1 receiv$ an honor>y degree ( ,d4,c4,l4 at ,ox=d 9 #ahci1 & 0 (f]$1 b decl9$1 reimbursem5t f ! ,treasury = ! entire co/ ( 8 trip4 ,he p]emptorily refus$ z well to repres5t ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge 9 ,p>liam5t1 or to be nom9at$ = ! ,presid5t%ip ( ! ,royal ,society4 ,8 utmo/ desire 0 = a quiet & labori\s life4 ,a banquet1 h[ev]1 giv5 9 hon\r ( 8 return1 ,june #ae1 #ahch1 c\ld n be %unn$2 ! less s t ! celebration _h a typical "*4 8,9 hon\r+ a man10 ,sir ,william ,hamilton said1 9 propos+ 8 heal?1 8we hon\r sci5ce too40 ,= 8! cultivators & lov]s ( ,sci5ce h *os5 ,h]s*el = _! *ief--say1 r1 h z su* receiv$ him by inh]itance40 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,life ,,at ,,coll+wood4 ,h]s*el's c>e] z an obs]v+ a/ronom] came to a virtual end ) 8 dep>ture f ! ,cape4 ,he 0 !n =ty-six1 two ye>s y\ng] ?an 8 fa!r :5 he began 8 c\rse ( prodigi\s activity at ,sl\gh4 ,sir ,william's crav+ to see & to "k 0 insatiable2 ,sir ,john's 0 appeas$ by ! accompli%m5t ( "o gr& ent]prise4 ,8 0 a _m-sid$ m9d2 dormant int]e/s ( sundry k9ds reviv$ on ! fir/ opportunity2 new ones sprang up2 & curiosity to int]rogate ! skies ceas$ to 8prick ! sides ( 8 int5t40 ,s ! in/rum5ts tak5 d[n at ,feldhaus5 9 #ahch 7 n rem\nt$ 9 ,engl&2 & _! own] is nev] aga9 record$ to h us$ a telescope4 ,"o _c b regret t1 9 ! pl5itude ( 8 p[]s1 & in/ruct$ by r>e exp]i5ce1 he %\ld h put by 8 weapons ( discov]y4,h ,! imm5se /ock ( obs]vations ) :i* !y _h furni%$ him rema9$1 x is true1 9 _! primitive1 r\gh-hewn /ate2 & he may h consid]$ t wise husb&ry requir$ him to save "o h>ve/ be=e plant+ ano!r4 ,?is1 at any rate1 0 ! c\rse t he pursu$4 ,h ,! ?ree specula ( ! tw5ty-foot are 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,william ,j4 ,h]s*el2 ! tube rema9s 9 good pres]vation at ,coll+wood4 ,b x 0 (t5 & 9 _m ways int]rupt$4 ,! dem&s on 8 "t & ?\ghts 7 innum]able4 ,hav+ settl$ 8 family = ! season 9 ,london1 he paid 8 ?ird & la/ visit to 8 v5]able aunt1 &1 9 return+1 d9$ ) ,dr4 ,olb]s1 ! physician-a/ronom] ( ,brem51 !n 9 8 eightie? ye>4 ,a =tnight lat] he 0 on 8 way to ,newca/le1 :]e ! ,briti% ,association met1 ,augu/ #bj?4 ,he 0 receiv$ ) acclamation1 b ov]:elm$ by sci5tific exactions4 ,! proce$+s 7 to him 8a dreadful we> & te>10 & !y left beh9d 8mix$ & cr[d$ recollections40 ,no wond]4 ,besides act+ z ,presid5t ( ! ,ma!matical ,section1 he f\nd himself involv$ 9 v>i$ responsibilities4 ,he 0 plac$ on a ,committee = br++ d[n to date ! places ( ,lacaille's #aj1jjj s\!rn />s2 on ano!r = revis+ /ell> nom5clature4 ,! r$uction ( a body ( meteorological obs]vations made on a plan ( 8 devis+ 0 entru/$ to him2 above all1 he 0 *>g$ ) ! developm5t ( ,humboldt's int]national s*eme = secur+ sy/ematic & _w-wide obs]vations on t]re/rial magnetism4 ,he drew up a memorial to ! ,gov]nm5t2 compil$ ! ,in/ructions = ,sir ,james ,cl>k ,ross's ,ant>ctic exp$ition2 & elaborately report$ progress at sev]al successive meet+s ( ! ,briti% ,association4 ,8 he>t 0 9 ! "w4 ,he contribut$ an article dwell+ on its importance to ! ,qu>t]ly ,review = ,june1 #ahdj2 & 9 #ahde he express$ ! op9ion t 8t]re/rial physics =m a subject e way wor?y to be associat$ ) a/ronomy z a matt] ( univ]sal int]e/ & public support40 ,! con/ellations gave him /ill m tr\ble ?an ! vag>ies ( pois$ ne$les4 ,!y 7 9 a riot ( disord]4 ,cele/ial maps _h become 8a sy/em ( d]angem5t & confusion0--( confusion 8worse conf\nd$40 ,new a/]isms c>v$ out ( old exi/$ prec>i\sly1 recognis$ by "s1 ignor$ by o!rs2 wa/e places 9 ! sky _h be5 annex$ by encroa*+ a/ronom]s z /&+-gr\nd = _! glorifi$ telescopes1 quadrants1 sextants1 clocks2 a *emical app>atus _h be5 set up by ! %ore ( ! riv] ,eridanus1 itself a me&]+ & uncom=table figure2 :ile s]p5ts & dragons trail$ _! p]plex+ convolutions ?r\gh h\r aft] h\r ( "r asc5sion4 ,!re 7 con/ellations s l>ge t ,greek1 ,roman1 & ,italic alphabets _h be5 us$ up 9 designat+ ! includ$ />s2 !re 7 o!rs sep>at$ by debatable di/ricts1 ! />s 9 :i* (t5 duplicat$ ^? situat$ )9 ! au!ntic =m ( "o ( ! neighb\r+ cele/ial mon/]s4 ,id5tification 0 ?us 9 numb]less cases difficult2 9 "s1 impossible4 ,9 conjunction ) ,francis ,baily1 ,h]s*el und]took ! almo/ hopeless task ( rectify+ ?is intol]able disord]4 ,aft] mu* prelim9>y lab\r1 he submitt$ to ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 9 #ahda1 a dra/ic s*eme ( con/ellational re=m--a /ell> r$i/ribution-bill1 fram$ on radical pr9ciples4 ,its al>m+ complet5ess1 h[ev]1 caus$ x to be let drop2 & he f9ally propos$1 9 8 report ( #ahdd to ! ,briti% ,association1 a less ambiti\s b m practicable measure4 ,al?\gh n adopt$ 9 its entirety1 x pav$ ! way = ameliorations4 ,! b\nd>ies ( ! con/ellations h s9ce be5 def9$2 int]lop]s h be5 eject$2 "o--! ,%ip ,argo--especially obnoxi\s = its unwieldy dim5sions1 has be5 advantage\sly trisect$4 ,nev]!less1 individual />-nom5clature gr[s cont9ually m p]plex$2 p>tial sy/ems h become int]m+l$ & entangl$2 d\ble />s are designat$ 9 "o way1 v>iables 9 ano!r1 quick-mov+ />s 9 a ?ird1 r$ />s 9 a f\r?1 :ile any "o ( _m catalogue-numb]s may be sub/itut$ at *oice2 palpable blund]s1 unsettl$ discrepancies1 anomalies ( all imag9able k9ds1 survive 9 an inextricable web ( arbitr>y appellations1 until x has come to pass t a /> has (t5 z _m aliases z an accompli%$ sw9dl]4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahdj ,h]s*el remov$ f ,sl\gh to ,coll+wood1 a spaci\s c\ntry resid5ce situat$ ne> ,hawkhur/1 9 ,k5t4 ,"h he devot$ himself1 9 good e>ne/1 to ! prep>ation ( 8 ,cape results = ! press4 ,x 0 no light task4 ,! trans=mation ( simple regi/]s ( sweeps into a me?odical catalogue is a long & irksome process2 & ,h]s*el 0 9 possession ( ! 8sweep+s0 ( ne>ly f\r hundr$ nights4 ,he execut$ x s+le-h&$1 be+ av]se to ! employm5t ( paid comput]s4 ,?is 0 un=tunate4 ,monoton\s drudg]y 0 n at all 9 8 l9e2 z well put ,pegasus betwe5 %afts4 ,he _h always f\nd 9 himself 8a great inaptitude0 = num]ical calculations2 & he n[ ackn[l$g$ to ,baily t att5tion to figures dur+ two or ?ree consecutive h\rs di/ress$ him pa9fully4 ,:ewell lam5t$ 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review ! lavi% exp5diture ( 8 "t & en]gy ^u 8m]e ari?metic0--computations :i* a ma*9e w\ld h be5 m compet5t to p]=m ?an a f9ely organis$ human bra94 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 9 ,novemb]1 #ahdb1 ! necess>y r$uctions 7 f9i%$2 & ! lett]press to accompany ! catalogues ( d\ble />s & nebul left 8 h&s a c\ple ( ye>s lat]4 ,! prep>ation ( ! plates occasion$ fur!r vexati\s delays2 & x 0 n until #ahdg t ! monum5tal "w entitl$ 8,results ( ,a/ronomical ,obs]vations at ! ,cape ( ,good ,hope0 issu$ f ! press4 ,! exp5ses ( its production 7 g5]\sly defray$ by ! ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&4 ,9 s5d+ a copy to 8 aunt1 !n 9 h] n9ety-eigh? ye>1 he wrote3 8,y w h 9 y\r h&s ! completion ( my fa!r's "w--#8,! ,survey ( ! ,nebul\s ,heav5s4'0 ,! publication 0 hon\r$ ) ! ,copley ,m$al by ! ,royal ,society1 & ) a special te/imonial by ! ,a/ronomical ,society4 ,bessel1 ! em95t director ( ! ,knigsb]g obs]vatory1 made ,h]s*el's p]sonal acqua9tance at ! ,man*e/] meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association 9 #ahdb1 & paid him a visit at ,coll+wood4 ,! subject ( a possible trans-,uranian planet 0 discuss$ betwe5 !m4 ,! ,g]man a/ronom] reg>d$ its exi/5ce z c]ta91 & disclos$ ! plot he _h already =m$ = waylay+ x on its remote pa?4 ,! premonition /irr$ ,h]s*el deeply4 8,!re ought to be a hue & cry rais$60 he exclaim$ 9 a lett] to ,baily4 ,& 9 resign+ ! ,*air ( ! ,briti% ,association1 ,septemb] #aj1 #ahdf1 he spoke ) full assurance ( ! /ill undiscov]$ body4 8,we see x10 he decl>$1 8z ,columbus saw ,am]ica f ! %ores ( ,spa94 ,its movem5ts h be5 felt1 trembl+ along ! f>-rea*+ l9e ( our analysis1 ) a c]ta9ty h>dly inf]ior to t ( ocul> demon/ration40 ,)9 a =tnight1 ,neptune1 ?r\gh ,le ,v]ri]'s indications1 0 captur$ at ,b]l94 8,i hope y agre$ ) me10 he wrote1 ,novemb] #ai1 #ahdf1 to ,sir ,william ,hamilton1 8t x is p]fectly possible to d ju/ice to ,adams's inve/igations )\t call+ 9 "q ,m4 ,le ,v]ri]'s prop]ty 9 8 discov]y4 ,! fact is1 ,i appreh5d1 t ! ,fr5*m5 are only j beg9n+ to be aw>e :at a n>r[ escape ,mr4 ,neptune _h ( be+ born an ,engli%man4 ,poor ,adams aim$ at 8 bird1 x appe>s1 fir/1 & z well z ,le ,v]ri]1 b 8 gun hung fire1 & ! bird dropp$ on ! o!r side ( ! f5ce60 ,x is well kn[n t ,le ,v]ri] & ,adams p]sonally ignor$ controv]sy z to _! respective claims to ! planet>y spolia opima4 ,!y 7 toge!r at ,coll+wood 9 ,july1 #ahdg1 ) ,/ruve z _! fell[-gue/4 ,dur+ ^? few days ,k+ ,ar?ur 79 ! p]son ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el7 8sat 9 hall at old ,ca]leon40 ,he 0 elect$ ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society = ! usual bi5nial t]m 9 #ahbh1 #ahdj1 & #ahdg2 on ! la/ occasion ?r\gh ! diplomatic action ( ,pr(essor ,de ,morgan4 ,! ,society 0 pass+ ?r\gh a crisis2 he appreh5d$ its dissolution1 & judg$ t x c\ld only be sav$ by gett+ ,h]s*el's cons5t to become its nom9al head4 8,! ,presid5t10 he wrote to ,capta9 ,smy?1 8mu/ be a man ( brass 7practical a/ronom]7--a micromet]-mong]1 a telescope-twiddl]1 a />-/r+]1 a planet-pok]1 & a nebula-nabb]4 ,if we give bail t we won't let him d any?+ if he w\ld1 we %all be able to h him1 ,i hope4 ,we mu/ all give :at is mo/ want$1 & 8 "n is ev5 m want$ ?an 8 s]vices4 ,we c d )\t 8 s]vices1 n )\t loss1 b )\t difficulty4 ,i see we %all n1 )\t great difficulty1 disp5se ) 8 "n40 ,& to ,h]s*el himself3 8,we h be5 mak+ our arrangem5ts = ! ,society = ! ensu+ ye>2 & "o ?+ is t y are n to be ask$ to d any?+1 or wi%$ to d any?+1 or want$ to d any?+4 ,b we want y\r "n40 ,x 0 l5t2 & its cr$it seems to h _h ! desir$ effect4 ,dr4 ,:ewell va9ly tri$ to inveigle him1 9 ,novemb]1 #ahch1 into accept+ ! presid5t%ip ( ! ,geological ,society2 b he _h to submit1 9 #ahdb1 to be elect$ ,rector ( ,m>is*al ,college1 ,ab]de52 & he cons5t$ to preside ov] ! meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association at ,cambridge 9 ,june1 #ahde4 ,8 dignity on ! occasion 0 n all[$ to int]f]e ) 8 usefulness4 ,he wrote home ,june #bb3 8,we h be5 on ! ,magnetic ,committee work+ h>d all ! morn+1 9 a ,babel ( languages & a ,babylonian confusion ( ideas1 :i* cry/allis$ into some?+ l di/9ctness at la/40 ,by t "t ! long-desir$ p>ticul>s reg>d+ t]re/rial magnetism 7 rapidly accumulat+4 ,facts1 z ,h]s*el ann\nc$ f ! ,presid5tial ,*air1 7 pl5tifully at h&4 8,:at we n[ want is ?\ght1 /eadily direct$ to s+le objects1 ) a det]m9ation to avoid ! besett+ evil ( our age--! temptation to squ&] & dilute x ^u a ?\s& diff]5t l9es ( inquiry40 ,h]s*el obs]v$ ! great comet ( #ahdc f ! ro( ( 8 h\se at ,coll+wood1 on ,m>* #ag1 ! fir/ ev5+ ( its visibility 9 ,engl&4 ,all t c\ld be se5 0 8a p]fectly /raight n>r[ b& ( consid]ably bright1 :ite cl\d1 ?irty degrees 9 l5g?1 & ab\t "o & a half 9 bread?40 ,x 0 n until ! foll[+ night t he recognis$ 9 ?is /range 8lum9\s appe>ance0 8! tail ( a magnific5t comet1 ^: head at ! times ( bo? obs]vations 0 bel[ ! horizon40 ,9 ,decemb]1 #ahej1 he 0 appo9t$ ,ma/] ( ! ,m9t--a position r5d]$ especially appropriate to him by ,newton's prior occupation ( x4 ,! duties connect$ ) x 7 j !n peculi>ly on]\s4 ,previ\sly ( a tempor>y & political "*1 ! (fice n[ became p]man5t1 & simply adm9i/rative4 ,_m o!r *anges accompani$ ?is fundam5tal "o4 8,! :ole conc]n10 he said1 8is 9 process ( reorganisation40 ,?is fre% />t dem&$ mu* 8p]sonal & anxi\s att5dance40 ,not)/&+ 8 anxi\s reg>d = ! int]e/s ( subord9ates1 ! recon/ruction c\ld n b be att5d$ by s]i\s friction4 ,no am\nt ( oil+ w get ru/y :eels to revolve smoo?ly all at once4 8,?+s progress r grumpily10 he report$ privately1 8ow+ to ! extreme discont5t ( "s p>ties40 ,fur!r cont5ti\s bus9ess devolv$ ^u him z a memb] ( ! jury on sci5tific in/rum5ts at ! ,great ,exhibition4 ,8 "t 0 fully & n agreeably occupi$4 ,ris+ at six1 he work$ at home until half-pa/ n9e1 !n hurri$ to ! ,m9t1 :i* he ex*ang$ betwe5 ?ree & f\r o'clock = ! ,exhibition1 & !re1 until ! clos+ ( its doors1 exam9$ ! claims1 & appeas$ ! qu>rels ( rival c&idates = di/9ction4 ,he also sat on ! ,royal ,commission appo9t$ 9 #ahej to inquire into ! ,univ]sity sy/em4 ,its recomm5dations1 agre$ to by him 9 #ahee1 greatly disgu/$ ,:ewell2 b _! fri5d%ip rema9$ unalt]$ by ?is discordance ( op9ion4 ,^! accumulat$ responsibilities 7 too mu* = ,h]s*el's s5sitive nature2 & ! bur!n 0 made heavi] by a p>tial sep>ation f 8 family4 ,he 0 nev] alone 9 ,h>ley ,/reet1 b ! joy\s life ( ,coll+wood c\ld n be transport$ ?i!r2 & ! arid aspect ( a va/ metropolis1 sugge/+ bus9ess & pleasure 9 excess1 b little ( enjoym5t 9 ei!r1 oppress$ him cont9ually4 ,8 heal? suff]$1 & 9 #ahee he )drew def9itively into private life4 ,8 resignation ( ! ,m9t 0 mo/ reluctantly accept$4 8,i f9d10 playfully rem>k$ ,de ,morgan1 8t ,newton & ,h]s*el add$ ea* "o co9 to ! li/3 ,newton1 ! gold qu>t]-gu9ea1 :i* 0 9 circulation until t[>ds ! end ( ! c5tury2 ,h]s*el1 ! gold qu>t]-sov]eign1 :i* 0 nev] circulat$40 ,x 0 n ! repose ( inaction t ,h]s*el s\ght at ,coll+wood4 8,e day ( 8 long & happy life10 ,pr(essor ,tait said truly1 8add$ its %>e to 8 sci5tific s]vices40 ,!nce=w>d he devot$ himself *iefly to ! =midable task ( collect+ & revis+ 8 fa!r's results & 8 own4 ,8 8,g5]al ,catalogue ( ,nebul10 publi%$ 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions = #ahfd1 0 9 itself a va/ und]tak+4 ,x compris$ #e1jgi nebul & clu/]s1 to :i* x s]v$ z a univ]sal index ( ref]5ce4 ,x av]t$ ! mis*ief ( duplicate discov]ies1 settl$ ! sid]eal /atus ( _m a pseudo-comet1 & quickly became ! au?oritative guide ( bo? comet- & nebula-hunt]s4 ,9 ! enl>g$ =m giv5 to x by ,dr4 ,drey] 9 #ahhh1 x is likely long to hold its place4 ,h]s*el next1 9 #ahfg1 amalgamat$ into a regul> catalogue ( #hab entries 8 fa!r's v>i\s class$ li/s ( d\ble />s 7,memoirs1 ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 xxxv474 ,a f> m compreh5sive "w 0 !n tak5 9 h&4 ,he desir$ to d = d\ble />s :at he _h done = nebul--to compile an exhau/ive regi/] ( !m 9 ! %ape ( a catalogue1 accompani$ by a %ort descriptive acc\nt ( ea* pair4 ,b he 0 n de/9$ to put ?is cop+-/one to ! noble monum5t erect$ by 8 g5ius4 ,/r5g? fail$ him to dige/ & dispose ! imm5se mass ( mat]ials he _h collect$4 ,nor 0 x possible = ano!r to ga!r up ! loose ?reads ( 8 unf9i%$ s*eme4 ,all t c\ld be done 0 to pres]ve ! impos+ fragm5t z he left x4 ,an ord]$ li/ ( ! #aj1cbj multiple />s he _h propos$ to treat 0 accord+ly publi%$ 9 ! =tie? volume ( ! same ,society's ,memoirs "u ! c>e ( ,pr(essor ,prit*>d & ,mr4 ,ma94 ,b x h>dly possesses m ?an a commemorative value4 ,m>ia ,edgewor? 0 an old fri5d ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's4 ,9 ,m>*1 #ahca1 %e paid him a ?ree days' visit at ,sl\gh1 :i*1 %e told a fri5d 9 ,irel&1 8has f> surpass$ my expectations1 rais$ z !y 71 & w>m f ! fre% en?usiasm k9dl$ by 8 la/ "w0 7! 8,prelim9>y ,disc\rse074 ,mrs4 ,h]s*el %e describ$ z 8v pretty10 s5sible1 & sympa!tic1 & possess$ ( ! art ( mak+ gue/s happy )\t ef=t4 ,on ,sunday1 aft] s]vice1 ! philosoph] %[$ (f ! dazzl+ col\r-effects ( pol>is$ light1 & at night1 ) ! tw5ty-foot1 8,saturn & 8 r+s1 & ! moon & h] volcanoes40 ,aft] twelve ye>s1 %e came aga91 ?is "t to ,coll+wood4 8,i %\ld h writt5 be=e10 ,h]s*el assur$ ,sir ,william ,hamilton1 ,decemb] #a/1 #ahdc1 8b ,miss ,edgewor? has be5 "h1 & t1 among all p :o "k h[ to enjoy h]1 is always consid]$ an excell5t reason = lett+ correspond5ce & all o!r worldly ?+s #8gang _! a9 gate4' ,%e is m truly admirable n[1 ,i ?9k1 ?an at any =m] "t1 ?\gh 9 h] sev5ty-fif? ye>40 ,m>ia h]self wrote f ,coll+wood 9 ! foll[+ spr+3 8,"h are ,"l & ,lady ,ad>e1 ,sir ,edw>d ,ryan1 & #8,jones on ,r5t4' ,jones & ,h]s*el are v fond ( "o ano!r1 always diff]+1 b always agree+ to diff]1 l ,mal?us & ,ric>do40 ,sir ,william ,hamilton sp5t a week "u ! same hospitable ro( 9 #ahdf4 ,he 0 delight$1 &1 z 0 8 wont1 compress$ ! expression ( 8 pleasure 8)9 ! ,sonnet's scanty plot ( gr\nd40 ,9 ! fir/ ( a pair entitl$ 8,recollections ( ,coll+wood10 he celebrat$ ! 8?\ghtful walk0 ) 8 ho/1 & ! 8social h\rs0 9 a family circle1 8,:]e all ?+s graceful 9 succession come2 ,bright blossoms gr[+ on a l(ty /alk1 ,music & fairy-lore 9 ,h]s*el's home40,i ,i ,! l9es are quot$ 9 ,graves's 8,life ( ,hamilton10 vol4 ii4 p4 #ebe4 ,! second dealt ) 8high ,ma!sis10 & 8dimly trac$ ,py?agorean lore2 ,a we/w>d-float+1 my/ic dream ( ,,f\r40 ,al?\gh n1 l 8 fri5d1 an incorrigible & imp5it5t sonnette]1 ,h]s*el 0 8v guilty0 ( at lea/ "o specim5 ( ! art4 ,!y 7 /ay+ toge!r1 9 ,june1 #ahde1 at ,ely1 9 ! h\se ( ,dean ,peacock4 ,hamilton's inevitable sonnet came duly =?1 & 8next morn+10 he relat$ to ,de ,morgan1 8z my b$room adjo9$ ,h]s*el's1 & ?9 p>titions did my madness f 8 great wit divide1 ,i easily he>d :at ,burns might h call$ a #8croon+1' & 0 n mu* surpris$ 7be+ famili> ) ! symptoms ( ! attack7,j :51 be=e we sat d[n to breakfa/ at ! ,dean]y1 ,lady ,h]s*el h&$ me1 9 h] husb&'s "n & h] own1 a sonnet ( 8 to me1 :i*1 unless ! _s ( egotism %all seize me ) unexpect$ /r5g?1 ,i h no notion ( lett+ y see40 ,j 8,aut insanit1 aut v]sos facit40 ,! circulation ( ,h]s*el's f]vid eulogy w\ld assur$ly h put 8 mode/y to ! blu%4 ,head$ 8,on a ,sc5e 9 ,ely ,ca!dral10 x runs z foll[s3-- 8,! organ's swell 0 hu%$1 b s(t & l[ ,an e*o1 m ?an music1 rang2 :5 he1 ,! d\bly-gift$1 p\r$ =? :isp]+ly1 ,high-wr\ght & ri*1 8 he>t's exub]ant fl[ ,b5ea? t va/ & vault$ canopy4 ,plung+ anon into ! fa?omless sea ,( ?\ght1 he div$ :]e r>] treasures gr[1 ,gems ( an unsunn$ w>m? & deep] gl[4 ,o born = ei!r sph]e6 ^: s\l c ?rill ,) all t ,poesy has s(t or bright1 ,or wield ! sceptre ( ! sage at w 7,t mighty mace :i* bur/s its way to light71 ,so> z ?\ wilt6--or plunge--?y ard5t m9d ,d>ts on--b _c leave our love beh9d40 ,( ,hamilton's ab/ruse inv5tion1 ! me?od ( 8,quat]nions0 7"h allud$ to71 ,h]s*el 01 f ! fir/1 an en?usia/ic admir]4 ,he *>act]is$ x 9 #ahdg z 8a p]fect cornucopia1 f :i*1 turn x on :i* side y w1 some?+ ri* & valuable is sure to drop out40 ,! 8p[] & pregnancy0 ( ! new calculus 7 supremely delightful to him1 & he advis$ e ma!matician to ga9 ma/]y ov] x z a 8work+ tool40 ,z su* x has n yet be5 br\ght into ord9>y use1 yet x rema9s 9 ! arm\ry ( sci5ce1 ready = em]g5cies4 ,miss ,mit*ell ( ,nantucket1 ! discov]] ( a comet1 & a pr(essor ( a/ronomy1 publi%$ 9 #ahhi 79 ! ,c5tury magaz9e7 h] rem9isc5ces ( a %ort /ay at ,coll+wood 9 #aheh4 ,h] ho/ 80 at t "t sixty-six1 b he look$ mu* old]1 be+ lame & mu* b5t 9 8 figure4 ,8 m9d1 nev]!less1 0 full ( vig\r4 ,he 0 engag$ 9 re-writ+ ! #8,outl9es ( ,a/ronomy4'0 8,sir ,john's =ehead10 %e says1 80 bold b retreat+2 8 m\? 0 v good4 ,he 0 quick 9 motion & 9 spee*4 ,he 0 rem>kably a g5tleman2 m l a woman 9 ! in/9ctive p]ception ( ! wants & wi%es ( a gue/40 8,9 ! ev5+10 %e relates1 8we play$ ) lett]s1 putt+ out *>ades & riddles1 & tell+ anecdotes1 ,sir ,john jo9+ ! family p>ty & *att+ away l ! "y p40 ,he prop\nd$ ! "q3 ,if "o human pair1 liv+ 9 ! "t ( ,*eops1 _h d\bl$1 & _! desc5dants likewise1 once e ?irty ye>s1 c\ld ! result+ population f9d room on ! e>?8 ,! company ?\ght n4 8,b if !y /ood closely1 & o!rs /ood on _! %\ld]s1 man1 woman1 & *ild1 h[ _m lay]s w\ld !re be80 8,p]haps ?ree10 repli$ ,miss ,mit*ell4 8,h[ _m feet ( m580 he insi/$4 8,possibly ?irty40 8,en\gh to rea* to ! moon10 said 8 daught]4 8,to ! sun10 exclaim$ ano!r4 8,m1 m60 cri$ ,sir ,john1 exult+ 9 ! g5]al a/oni%m5t4 8,to ,neptune10 0 ! next bid4 8,n[ y burn10 he all[$4 8,take "o hundr$ times ! di/ance ( ,neptune1 & x is v ne>40 8,t10 he add$1 8is my way ( :itewa%+ w>1 pe/il5ce1 & fam9e40 ,he fur!r ent]ta9$ 8 ,am]ican gue/ ) acc\nts ( ! p>adoxical notions communicat$ to him by self-taught or w\ld-be a/ronom]s4 ,"o _h inf]r$ ! non-exi/5ce ( ! moon f ,h]s*el's *apt]s on lun> physics & motions4 ,ano!r enclos$ half-a-cr[n = a horoscope4 ,a ?ird wrote1 8,%all ,i m>ry1 & h ,i se5 h]80 ,9 ref]5ce to ! ef=ts !n be+ made to introduce decimal co9age into ,engl&1 he rem>k$1 8,we /ick to old ways1 b we are n cem5t$ to !m40 ,! portrait ( ,c>ol9e ,h]s*el1 pa9t$ by ,tielemann 9 #ahbi1 :i* %e h]self decl>$ to 8look l life itself10 hung 9 ! draw+-room4 7,x is t reproduc$ 9 ?is volume47 8,y w\ld say 9 look+ at x10 ,miss ,mit*ell wrote1 #8%e mu/ h be5 h&some :5 %e 0 "y4' ,h] ruffl$ cap %ades a mild face1 ^: blue eyes 7 ev5 !n full ( animation4 ,b x 0 m]ely ! beauty ( age40 ,h]s*el 0 no exception to ! rule t a/ronom]s love music & fl[]s4 ,he 0 nev] tir$ ( g>d5+1 &--to quote ,james ,nasmy?--88 me*anical & manipulative faculty enabl$ him to take a ke5 int]e/ 9 all ! te*nical arts :i* s mat]ially aid 9 ! progress ( sci5ce40 ,! manufacture ( specula naturally came home to him1 & he wat*$ ) g5u9e pleasure ,nasmy?'s gr9d+ & poli%+ op]ations4 ,he sp5t sev]al days ) him at ,hamm]field 9 #ahfd4 8,( all ! sci5tific m5 ,i h _h ! happ9ess ( meet+10 ,nasmy? wrote 9 8 8,autobiography10 8,sir ,john /&s supremely at ! head ( ! li/4 ,he comb9$ pr(\nd k ) p]fect humility4 ,he 0 simple1 e>ne/1 & companionable4 ,he 0 entirely free f assumptions ( sup]iority1 &1 /ill le>n+1 w\ld li/5 att5tively to ! humble/ /ud5t4 ,he 0 ready to c\nsel & in/ruct1 z well z to receive in=mation40 ,h]s*el's correspond5ce ) ,de ,morgan ext5d$ ov] ne>ly =ty ye>s1 & became latt]ly ( an intimate "*4 8,look+ back on our long fri5d%ip10 he wrote to ! wid[ %ortly aft] ,de ,morgan's dea? 9 ! spr+ ( #ahga1 8,i d n f9d a s+le po9t on :i* we fail$ to sympa?ise2 & ,i recall _m occasions on :i* 8 s\nd judgm5t & excell5t feel+ h su/a9$ & enc\rag$ me4 ,_m & v di/9ct indications tell me t ,i %all n be long aft] him40 ,x fell out z he _h pr$ict$4 ,! obitu>y memoirs ( ! two are pr9t$ close toge!r 9 ! ,a/ronomical ,society's 8,mon?ly ,notices40 ,aft] a prolong$ decl9e ( /r5g?1 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el di$ at ,coll+wood1 9 8 sev5ty-n9? ye>1 ,may #e?1 #ahga1 8 intellect rema9+ uncl\d$ to ! la/4 ,he 0 buri$ 9 ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 ne> ! grave ( ,newton4 ,! words engrav5 above 8 re/+-place1 8,coelis exploratis1 hic prope ,newtonum requiescit10 tell :at he did1 & :at he des]v$4 ,8 dea? creat$ an univ]sal s5se ( sorr[ & ( loss4 ,he left vacant a place :i* c\ld nev] be fill$4 ,8 p[]s1 8 qualities1 & 8 opportunities made a comb9ation impossible to be reproduc$4 ,8 g5ius %[$ curi\s div]sities f 8 fa!r's4 ,he lack$ 8 pr(\nd absorption1 8 p5etrat+ insight1 8 unacc\ntable intuitions4 ,a t5d5cy to discursiv5ess1 happily kept 9 *eck by /r5g? ( w & devotion to an elevat$ purpose1 replac$ 9 him 8 fa!r's enraptur$ conc5tration4 ,on ! o!r h&1 8 appreciative in/9ct = ! recondite beauty ( ma!matical conceptions 0 want+ to 8 fa!r4 ,william ,h]s*el possess$ f9e ma!matical abilities2 b he cultivat$ !m no fur!r ?an 0 necess>y = ! execution ( 8 designs2 & elem5t>y geometry s]v$ 8 turn4 ,b ,sir ,john might h tak5 prim>y rank z a pure ma!matician4 ,possibly 8 inv5tive faculty w\ld h develop$ 9 t l9e m /rongly ?an 9 any o!r4 ,! grasp ( 8 m9d 0 inde$ s wide t _m possibilities ( greatness 7 op5 to him4 ,t he *ose rightly ! "o to make effective1 no "o c d\bt4 ,! neglect on 8 "p ( a/ronomy w\ld h be5 a sci5tific del9qu5cy4 ,8 spl5did patrimony ( telescopic results & facilities 0 inali5able4 ,x 0 a tal5t entru/$ to him1 :i* he _h n ! "r to bury 9 ! gr\nd4 ,he lab\r$ ) x in/ead to ! la/ f>?+4 ,n = 8 own glory4 ,he aspir$ only to fill up1 = ! hon\r ( 8 fa!r's "n1 ! l>ge measure ( 8 a*ievem5ts4 ,9 do+ s he p]=m$ an unp>allel$ feat4 ,he swept f pole to pole ! entire surface ( ! holl[ sph]e ( ! sky4 ,x is unlikely to be repeat$4 ,! days ( cele/ial pione]+ are pa/4 ,no?+ on ! scale ( a g5]al survey w 9 future be und]tak5 except ) photographic help4 ,! use ( ! direct telescopic me?od t5ds to become m & m re/rict$4 ,?is is a loss z well z a ga94 ,a hortus siccus is to a bloom+ g>d5 v mu* :at a collection ( photographs is to ! lum9\s fl[]s ( ! sky4 ,!y are depict$ m completely1 m significantly1 m conv5i5tly = purposes ( inve/igation1 ?an !y c be se52 b ! spl5d\r ( !m is gone4 ,_! direct contemplation has an elevat+ effect ^u ! m9d1 :i* indirect /udy1 h[ev] dilig5t & in/ructive1 is incapable ( produc+4 ,! sublimity ( ! visions drawn f ! abyss ( space _c be reason$ ab\t4 ,x /rikes home to ! spectator's inn] consci\sness )\t wait+ = ! approval ( 8 und]/&+4 ,?us to ,h]s*el1 no less expressly ?an to ! ,psalmi/ ?ree ?\s& ye>s e>li]1 8! heav5s told ! glory ( ,god40 ,he liv$ at 8 telescope a life ap>t1 full ( incommunicable exp]i5ces4 8,to ,h]s*el10 z ,mr4 ,proctor express$ x1 8a/ronomy 0 n a matt] ( "r asc5sion & decl9ation2 ( pois+1 clamp+1 & read+-(f2 ( catalogu+ & correct+40 8,x 0 8 peculi> privilege10 ,dean ,/anley rem>k$ 9 8 fun]al s]mon1 8to comb9e ) ^? m special /udies su* a wid? ( view & su* a p[] ( expression z to make him an int]pret]1 a poet ( sci5ce1 ev5 beyond 8 imm$iate sph]e40 ,h5ce ! popul>ity ( 8 books1 & ! fav\r$ place he occupi$ 9 public e/eem4 ,8 "* 0 ( a m delicate fibre ?an 8 fa!r's4 ,x 0 also1 by necess>y consequ5ce1 less robu/4 ,sir ,william ,h]s*el surm\nt$ adv]sity4 ,sir ,john w\ld h endur$ x1 _h 8 lot be5 s appo9t$4 ,b x nev] came 8 way4 ,he 0 "o ( ^? r>e/ ( r>e individuals-- 8,^: ev5 ?read ! ,fates sp9 r\nd & full1 ,out ( _! *oice/ & _! :ite/ wool40 ,8 life 0 a tissue ( felicities4 ,= him !re 0 no we>y wait+1 no he>t-sick5+ disappo9tm5t1 no vicissitudes ( =tune1 no m5tal or moral tempe/s4 ,success att5d$ ea* "o ( 8 ef=ts2 he c\ld look back )\t regret2 he c\ld look =w>d ) confid5t hope2 8 family relations br\ght him unalloy$ happ9ess4 ,he suff]$1 inde$1 "o b]eavem5t 9 ! untimely dea? ( 8 daught]1 ,mrs4 ,m>%all1 ! wife ( a nephew ( ,dr4 ,:ewell2 b ,*ri/ian resignation sweet5$ 8 sorr[4 ,8 religion 0 unpret5d+ & efficaci\s4 ,no duty 0 left by him unfulfill$2 & he wore1 f y\? to age1 8! :ite fl[] ( a blameless life40 ,a discrim9at+ onlook] said ( him1 t 8 exi/5ce 80 full ( ! s]5ity ( ! sage & ! docile innoc5ce ( a *ild40 ,he 0 retir+ almo/ to a fault1 c>eless ( applause1 c&id 9 accept+ criticism4 ,al?\gh habitually indulg5t1 he 0 no flatt]]1 8,anyone10 ,mr4 ,proctor said1 8:o object$ to be set "r :5 9 error1 might well be dispos$ to reg>d ,sir ,john ,h]s*el z a m]ciless correspond5t1 not)/&+ ! calm c\rtesy ( 8 rem>ks4 ,he set tru? 9 ! fir/ place1 & by comp>ison ) h]1 nei!r 8 own op9ions1 nor ^? ( o!rs1 7 p]mitt$ to h any weight :atev]40 ,beg9n]s inv>iably met ) 8 sympa?y & enc\ragem5t4 ,he felt = difficulties :i* he himself _h nev] exp]i5c$4 ,be+ ?us con/itut$1 he c\ld n b inspire affection4 ,! ,fr5* physici/1 ,biot1 :5 ask$ by ,dr4 ,prit*>d1 aft] ! dea? ( ,laplace1 :o1 9 8 op9ion1 0 8 wor?ie/ successor1 repli$1 8,if ,i did n love him s mu*1 ,i %\ld unhesitat+ly say1 ,john ,h]s*el40 ,8 own atta*m5ts 7 w>m & con/ant2 & ! few sci5tific controv]sies 9 :i* he engag$1 7 c>ri$ on ) 8 habitual g5tl5ess & urbanity4 ,h]s*el left eight daught]s & ?ree sons1 ( :om ! elde/1 ,sir ,william ,james ,h]s*el1 succe$$ him 9 ! b>onetcy1 :ile ! second1 ,pr(essor ,alex&] ,/ew>t ,h]s*el1 has e>n$ celebrity by 8 meteoric rese>*es4 ,! election ( ! ?ird1 ,colonel ,john ,h]s*el1 to a ,fell[%ip ( ! ,royal ,society1 9 recognition ( 8 spectroscopic exam9ation ( s\!rn nebul1 ?rew a gleam ( joy ov] 8 fa!r's dea?b$4 ,lady ,h]s*el surviv$ h] husb& upw>ds ( ?irte5 ye>s4 ,! le>n$ societies ( ,europe vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 enroll+ ! "n ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el2 & he 0 nom9at$1 9 #ahee1 on ! dea? ( ,gauss1 "o ( ! eight =eign memb]s ( ! ,fr5* ,academy ( ,sci5ce4 ,z we h se51 he receiv$ ! ,copley ,m$al f ! ,royal ,society twice1 _! ,royal ,m$al ?rice1 & f ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society1 two ,gold ,m$als & a te/imonial4 ,complim5ts & homage1 h[ev]1 left him z !y f\nd him--quiet1 int5t1 & unobtrusive4 ,sev]al portraits ( him are 9 exi/5ce4 ,"o 0 execut$ 9 oils by ,pick]sgill = ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge1 at a comp>atively e>ly p]iod ( 8 life4 ,x is "h 7page #adb7 reproduc$ f an admirable engrav+4 ,8 lat] aspect is f9ely repres5t$ 9 a pa9t+ by 8 elde/ daught]1 ,lady ,gordon4 ,! eyes 9 x are sunk51 ?\gh brilliant2 ! %ape ( ! head is conceal$ by a mane ( grey hair4 ,!re is ab\t x some?+ ( leon9e gr&eur1 disjo9t$ f leon9e fi]c5ess4 ,x p]petuates1 inde$1 ! c\nt5ance ( a man replete ) human t5d]ness4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,writ+s ,,& ,,exp]im5tal ,,inve/igations4 ,c\ld ! :ole ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el's a/ronomical c>e] be oblit]at$1 & ! :ole ( 8 contributions to pure ma!matics be =gott51 he w\ld /ill m]it celebrity z a physici/4 ,exp]im5tal optics1 above all1 engag$ 8 att5tion4 8,light10 he himself said1 80 8 fir/ love10 & he 0 nev] :olly =getful ( x4 ,9 #ahcj he describ$ himself z 8=cibly drawn aside f 8 optical /udies0 by ! claims ( nebul & d\ble />s4 ,h[ /rong he felt ^? claims to be1 c be/ be und]/ood by consid]+ ! firmness ) :i* he av]t$ 8 m9d1 out ( reg>d to !m1 f ! intricate & bewit*+ subject ( 8 e>ly devotion4 8,i und]/& f ,peacock10 ,dr4 ,:ewell wrote to him1 ,june #ai1 #ahah1 8t y are untwi/+ light l :ipcord1 exam9+ e ray t passes )9 half a mile1 & putt+ ! awful "q1 #8,pol>is$1 or n pol>is$8' to ?\s&s t 7 nev] be=e suspect$ ( any int5tion b t ( mov+ 9 a /raight l9e40 ,^! int]rogatories br\ght out a rem>kable div]sity 9 ! action ^u light ( qu>tz1 & o!r simil> sub/ances1 correspond+ ) ! two diff]5t modes ( cry/allisation belong+ to ea* ( !m4 ,"h1 9 ,"l ,kelv9's phrase1 is 8"o ( ! mo/ notable meet+-places betwe5 natural hi/ory & natural philosophy40 ,! nasc5t sci5ce ( spectrum analysis 0 mat]ially promot$ by ,h]s*el4 ,he notic$ 9 #ahai ! di/9ctive light-absorb+ qualities ( col\r$ m$ia1 /udi$ ! spectra ( v>i\s flames1 adv]t$ to ! def9it5ess & individuality ( ! bright l9es compos+ !m1 & recomm5d$ _! employm5t = purposes ( *emical id5tification4 ,a ye> lat]1 he develop$ & modifi$ ,brew/]'s explanation ( ! col\rs ( "m-(-pe>l4 ,!y d n1 l ! iridesc5ce ( a fly's w+1 result f ! int]f]5ce ( waves ( light reflect$ f two closely adjac5t surfaces1 b f int]f]5ce br\ght ab\t by ! f9ely /riat$ texture ( ! %ell's surface1 & a ca/ ( ! ra9b[-t9t$ surface 9 black seal+-wax w display ! same %e5 ( col\r z ! orig9al4 ,h]s*el detect$1 h[ev]1 a second m closely /riat$ /ructure :i* _c be impress$ ^u pla/ic matt]4 ,up to ?is "t he accept$ unres]v$ly ! emission !ory ( light4 ,b a c&id /udy ( ,"y's & ,fresnel's writ+s produc$ a fundam5tal *ange 9 8 op9ions2 & 9 an article on 8,light10 writt5 = ! 8,encyclopdia ,metropolitana0 9 #ahbg1 he exp\nd$ ! undulatory !ory ) all ! ard\r ( a neophyte4 ,he br\ght !reby "o ( ! gr&e/ g5]alisations ( sci5ce into univ]sal curr5cy1 & en=c$ its acceptance by ! cog5cy ( 8 argum5ts1 ! logical ord] ( 8 me?od1 & ! lucidity ( 8 /yle4 ,! treatise 0 translat$ into ,fr5* by ,quetelet2 & no read]1 ,pr(essor ,prit*>d rem>k$1 8c\ld escape ! *>m ( ! half-suppress$ en?usiasm :i* c>ri$ him along40 ,:ewell rank$ him 8among ! v small numb] ( ^? :o1 9 ! s+ul>ly spl5did & /rik+ rese>*es ( physical optics1 _h bo? add$ important exp]im5tal laws to ^? previ\sly kn[n1 & weigh$ ! relations ( ^! discov]ies to ! ref9$ & recondite !ory t[>ds :i* !y seem$ to po9t40 ,he contribut$ to ! same ,encyclopdia sc>cely less brilliant essays on ,heat1 ,s\nd1 & ,physical ,a/ronomy4 8,d n obs]ve too mu* 9 cold wea!r10 ,miss ,h]s*el advis$ h] nephew1 9 anticipation ( ! w9t] ( #ahca-b2 8write r books to make folks />e at y\r pr(\nd k40 ,he foll[$ ! positive "p ( h] c\nsel4 ,inde$1 8 8,prelim9>y ,disc\rse on ! ,/udy ( ,natural ,philosophy0 _h made its appe>ance 9 ! previ\s ye>1 z ! introductory volume to ,l>dn]'s 8,cab9et ,cyclopdia40 ,x 0 greet$ ) a *orus ( approbation4 ,gauss review$ x 9 ! ,gelehrte ,anzeig51 ,:ewell 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review4 ,translat$ into ,fr5*1 ,g]man1 & ,italian1 x delight$ 8all sorts & conditions0 ( read]s ) ! ju/ice & bread? ( ! views set =? 9 x agreeably1 easily1 & )\t pret5sion to sup]iority4 ,! book includ$ a survey ( ! actual /ate ( sci5tific k1 & a philosophy ( its augm5tation4 ,/ud5ts d]iv$ f x1 ,gauss rem>k$1 bo? in=mation z to h[ accept$ results _h be5 obta9$1 & guidance = _! p]sonal inve/igations4 ,h]s*el 0 exceptionally qualifi$1 ,:ewell wrote1 8to exp\nd ! rules & doctr9es ( t me?od ( rese>* to :i* mod]n sci5ce has ow$ its long-cont9u$1 /eady advance1 & pres5t fl\ri%+ condition40 ,he _h ! k1 )\t ! n>r[ness1 ( a speciali/ 9 almo/ e dep>tm5t ( exp]im5tal physics4 8,) s+ul> alacrity10 he came to ! front :]ev] !re seem$ a *ance ( pu%+ back ! b>ri]s ( ignorance4 ,a disciple ( ,bacon1 he _h ! advantage ov] 8 ma/] ( be+ habitually conv]sant ) ! practical work+ ( inductive me?ods4 ,! treatise 0 /yl$ by ,:ewell 8an admirable comm5t on ! #8,novum ,organum4'0 ,"o1 h[ev]1 possesses ! indef9able quality ( greatness2 x /&s out f ! c5turies a solid /ructure1 clo!d ) vision>y magnific5ce2 ! o!r is elegant1 attractive1 wise1 acute1 ev5 pr(\nd1 b n 9 any degree1 or f any po9t ( view1 great4 ,x 0 foll[$1 9 #ahcc1 by 8,a ,treatise on ,a/ronomy10 publi%$ 9 ! same s]ies4 ,an 8,ed9burgh ,review]0 7d\btless ,br\gham once m7 p]us$ x ) regret4 8,! prop] position ( ,sir ,john ,h]s*el0 he consid]$ to be 8at ! head ( ^? :o are nobly1 ?\gh x may be sil5tly & )\t notice1 endeav\r+ to ext5d ! pres5t limits ( human k10 r ?an among 8! ranks ( ^? ^: (fice x is to h]ald ! triumphs ( sci5ce1 & po9t out its treasures & results to ! admiration ( ! vulg>40 ,?is o/5sibly flatt]+ e/imate 0 made ! basis = an imputation ( vanity4 ,! inducem5ts1 accord+ to ! critic1 7 /rong 8to desc5d f ! airy summits ( ab/ract sci5ce to ! level at :i* ! great body ( ! read+ public c appreciate & applaud4 ,philosoph]s1 l o!r writ]s1 naturally wi% to be read1 & to h reputation2 & reputation1 z 0 rem>k$ by d',alemb]t1 dep5ds m ^u ! numb] ?an ! m]it ( ^? :o praise40 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el w\ld h be5 bett] employ$ 9 pursu+ ! track ( orig9al discov]ies1 leav+ new tru?s to 8f9d _! way to ! draw+-room z be/ !y might40 ,! :ole t5\r ( 8 life refut$ ^! ins9uations4 ,! 8,treatise on ,a/ronomy0 0 enl>g$ 9 #ahdi into ! des]v$ly fam\s 8,outl9es ( ,a/ronomy40 ,twelve editions ( ?is book 7 publi%$1 ! la/ 9 #ahgc2 x 0 translat$ into ,*9ese & ,arabic1 z well z into mo/ ,european languages1 includ+ ,russian2 x made a pr(\nd & la/+ impression ^u ! public m9d4 ,no sci5ce has p]haps ev] receiv$ s ma/]ly a g5]al int]pretation4 ,me?odical 9 plan1 inspirit+ 9 execution1 x dem&s read]s will+ to %>e "s "p ( ! pa9s1 = ! sake ( p>tak+ 9 ! high pleasures ( ! writ]4 ,= x is popul> 9 ! s5se ( es*ew+ ma!matical =mul1 n 9 ! s5se ( evad+ difficulties4 ,! "w fitte/ to be set by its side is ! 8,exposition du ,sy/me du ,monde40 ,b ,laplace re/rict$ 8 view to ! sun's doma91 :ile ,h]s*el exclud$ f 8 no "p ( ! sid]eal univ]se4 ,laplace 01 besides1 a geomet] 9 ! fir/1 an a/ronom] only 9 ! second place4 ,! movem5ts ( ! heav5ly bodies int]e/$ him because !y af=d$ opportunities = analytical triumphs4 ,_! intricacy not)/&+1 he 0 elat$ to f9d t !y c\ld n baffle 8 +5uity 9 con/ruct+ =mul to correspond4 ,_! balance1 _! h>mony1 _! ob$i5ce to a s+le & simple law1 gratifi$ ! ord]ly in/9cts ( 8 p[]ful yet frigid m9d4 ,:]e he c\ld n expla91 h[ev]1 he did n admire4 ,my/]y _h no attraction = him4 ,k1 to be k 9 8 eyes1 %\ld h def9ite1 cle>-cut outl9es4 ,8 s*eme ( ! univ]se 0 l ! map ( ! _w laid d[n by ,hecatu1 neatly f9i%$ (f ) a circumflu5t ocean-/ream2 x includ$ no intimations ( a beyond4 ,h]s*el's1 on ! contr>y1 might be comp>$ to ! map ( ,h]odotus1 9 :i* "s details 7 fill$ 91 :ile ! ext]nal b\nd>y _h be5 aboli%$4 ,! mo/ ess5tial "p ( ! progress made 9 ! int]val consi/$ 9 leav+ v]ge & scope = ! unkn[n4 ,next to no?+ rema9$ to be le>n$ ( ! heav5s1 z !y pres5t$ !mselves to ! au?or ( ! 8,mcanique ,cle/e02 :ile ,h]s*el saw ev]y:]e only beg9n+s1 possibilities ( discov]y1 & dim prospects ( 8ultimate atta9m5ts10 z to ! realisation ( :i* 8x w\ld be unwise to be sangu9e1 & unphilosophical to despair0 7,playfair74 ,at ! head ( v _m ( 8 *apt]s he might1 )\t presumption1 h writt53 8,quorum p>s magna fui40 ,!y gave l>gely ! results ( 8 p]sonal inve/igations1 & 7 vivifi$ by imm$iate acqua9tance%ip ) ! objects describ$4 ,h5ce ! uns\ght picturesqu5ess ( 8 descriptive epi!ts1 & ! sublimity ( tra9s ( ?\ght communicat$ to him direct f ! unveil$ heav5s4 ,h]s*el inv5t$ 9 #ahbe1 jo9tly ) ,babbage1 ! 8a/atic10 or neutralis$ magnetic ne$le--a little in/rum5t :i* 0 no soon] available ?an x 0 f\nd to be indisp5sable4 8,nihil tetigit quod non ornavit40 ,& _m & v>i\s 7 ! ?+s t\*$ by 8 v]satile g5ius4 ,he _h a n>r[ escape ( becom+ = life a *emi/4 ,at ! v outset ( 8 c>e] he appli$ = ! vacant *air ( t sci5ce at ,cambridge2 b 0 left1 z he himself humor\sly express$ x1 89 a glori\s m9ority ( "o40 ,! *emical inquiries1 nev]!less1 :i* he c>ri$ on at ,sl\gh br\ght to 8 notice "o set ( relations ( no trifl+ importance4 ,?is 0 ! solv5t effect ^u salts ( silv] ( ! hyposulphites ( soda1 pota%1 etc4 ,! discov]y 0 turn$ to acc\nt by himself 9 #ahdj = ! 8fix+0 ( photographic images4 ,x secur$ ! future ( ! embryo art4 ,by ! ag5cy ( hyposulphite ( soda 9 wa%+ away ! unaffect$ *loride ( silv]1 :ile leav+ unt\*$ ! p>ts ( ! deposit decompos$ & d>k5$ by exposure1 p]man5t light-pictures1 capable ( indef9ite multiplication1 7 at l5g? secur$4 ,on ,m>* #ad?1 #ahci1 unaw>e t he _h be5 anticipat$ by ,fox ,talbot1 ,h]s*el pres5t$ to ! ,royal ,society tw5ty-?ree pr9ts made by ! s5sitis$ pap] process4 ,a memoir communicat$ 9 #ahdj 0 full ( sugge/ive novelties4 ,9 x he describ$ exp]im5ts on 8! *emical analysis ( ! sol> spectrum10 po9t+ out t ! "* & am\nt ( ! action ex]cis$ by ! v>i\s rays dep5d ma9ly ^u ! nature ( ! sub/ance act$ ^u4 ,he made a />t1 too1 ) spectral photography1 & 8 detection ( ! 8lav5d]-grey0 effect to ! eye ( ! ultra-violet section might be said to h add$ a new note to ! prismatic gamut4 ,9 ! opposite1 or infra-r$ end1 by simply lett+ ! sol> spectrum fall ^u a /rip ( pap] moi/5$ ) alcohol1 he detect$1 ?r\gh ! diff]5t rates ( dry+ :]e !y fell1 "s ( ! 8cold b&s10 by :i* ! invisible heat-rays are furr[$4 ,! photo-spectroscopic app>atus devis$ = ! purpose ( ^! rese>*es =m$ "p ( ! ,loan ,collection ( ,sci5tific ,in/rum5ts exhibit$ at ,s\? ,k5s+ton 9 #ahgf4 ,/ill m ess5tial 0 ! improvem5t ( sub/itut+ = pap]1 glass plates spread ) a s5sitive film4 ,a photograph ( ! old =ty-foot telescope1 tak5 by ?is me?od 9 #ahci1 & pres]v$ 9 ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum1 is ( unrivall$ antiqu>ian value z reg>ds ! hi/ory ( photography4 ,! t]ms 8positive0 & 8negative0 receiv$ 9 ?is rem>kable pap] _! n[ famili> photographic mean+4 ,its m]its 7 ackn[l$g$ 9 #ahdj by ! aw>d ( a ,royal ,m$al4 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el w\ld1 d\btless1 at t "t h set aside z a *im]a ! notion t ! art he 0 engag$ 9 promot+ 0 de/9$1 9 l>ge measure1 to sup]s$e visual me?ods 9 a/ronomy2 t ! great telescopes ( ! future w\ld f9d _! mo/ useful employm5t 9 conc5trat+ ! rays ( cele/ial objects ^u s5sitive plates4 ,he soon p]ceiv$1 h[ev]1 ! importance ( photography z an adjunct to direct obs]vation1 & recomm5d$1 9 #ahdg1 ! automatic self-regi/ration ( sun-spots4 ,?is h9t--emphasis$ 9 #ahdh--0 act$ ^u 9 #aheh1 :5 ! regul> collection ( docum5t>y evid5ce z to ! sun's condition 0 begun at ,kew ) ,de la ,rue's 8photoheliograph40 ,9 #ahde he publi%$ ! fir/ effective inve/igation ( 8fluoresc5ce10 call$ by him 8epipolic10 or sup]ficial1 8disp]sion40 ,?is curi\s ph5om5on consi/s 9 ! illum9ation to ! eye ( c]ta9 sub/ances1 su* z sulphate ( qu99e & can>y glass1 "u ! play ( invisible light4 ,sir ,george ,/okes %[$ 9 #aheb t ! imp++ rays h _! undulations actually l5g!n$ by ! action ( su* k9ds ( matt]1 s z to become degrad$ 9 ! spectrum1 & ?us br\ght )9 ! range ( vision4 ,! ,h]s*elian !ory ( ! sun 0 adopt$1 & long reta9$ by ,sir ,john4 ,he believ$ 9 a cool1 solid int]ior globe %elt]$ by a succession ( arial envelopes1 r5t1 locally & tempor>ily1 by tornadoes ( fire4 ,! pres5ce ( inhabitants on ! globe s circum/anc$ 0 cr$ible to him1 al?\gh he ab/a9$ f dwell+ ^u ! advantages ( _! /ate4 ,he c>efully foll[$1 h[ev]1 ! progress ( sol> sci5ce1 & 9 #ahfd expla9$ 8 alt]$ views 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,j\rnal ( ,sci5ce4 ,he n[ reg>d$ ! sun z a :olly gase\s mass--a conclusion 9 :i* he 0 anticipat$ only by ,fa!r ,sec*i4 ,he add$ t x mu/ be l>gely compos$ ( matt] kept 9 an int]m$iate condition betwe5 liquid & vapor\s by 8high temp]ature & enorm\s pressure40 ,! spot-p]iod1 he sugge/$1 might be t ( a revolv+ meteoric r+ ) cond5sations4 ,he 0 vividly int]e/$ 9 ! 8will[-leaf0 controv]sy1 rais$ 9 #ahfb by ,nasmy?'s mis9t]pret$ obs]vations4 ,! objects se5 7 simply ,sir ,william ,h]s*el's 8nodules0--! lum9\s elem5ts ( ! sun1 held by ,sir ,john 9 #ahfg 8to be p]man5tly solid matt]1 hav+ t sort ( fibr\s or filam5t\s /ructure :i* fits !m1 :5 juxtapos$ by drift+ ab\t1 & jo/l+ "o aga9/ ano!r1 to collect 9 flocks z flue does 9 a room40 ,he conclud$ ) ! rem>kable ass]tion t ! sun has no real surface1 8! d5sity dim9i%+ f t bel[ ! photosph]e to nil 9 ! high] regions1 :]e ! pressure is nil40 ,h]s*el's 8,cape ,obs]vations0 /&s alone 9 a/ronomical lit]ature = ! wide & p]man5t int]e/ ( its cont5ts4 ,!y are exce$+ly v>i\s4 ,*apt]s on ,halley's ,comet1 on ,sun-spots1 ! ,satellites ( ,saturn1 ,a/rometry1 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,s\!rn ,galaxy1 are associat$ ) discussions on ! nature & di/ribution ( nebul1 ) monographs ( two1 & incid5tal notes on _m ( ^! enigmatical objects4 ,! volume is illu/rat$ ) ov] sixty beautiful /eel engrav+s ( nebul & clu/]s1 ( sun-spots1 & ( ! comet4 ,! speculations x includes reg>d+ ! nature ( nebul1 des]ve ev5 n[ to be rememb]$4 ,sir ,john 01 at ! outset1 an unwav]+ adh]5t ( ! !ory develop$ by 8 fa!r 9 #ahaa4 ,!y 7 compos$1 he held 9 #ahbe1 ( a 8self-lum9\s2 or phosphoresc5t mat]ial sub/ance1 9 a highly dilat$ or gase\s /ate1 b gradually subsid+1 by ! mutual gravitation ( its molecules1 into />s & sid]eal sy/ems40 ,8 p]sonal exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 ran c\nt] to ?is view4 ,9 #ahcc he _h become conv9c$ t a nebula is1 9 g5]al1 8no?+ m ?an a clu/] ( discrete />s40 ,! successful resolution into />s1 ) ! great ,p>son/[n specula1 ( _m nebul until !n call$ irresolvable1 c>ri$ him /ill fur!r 9 ! same direction4 ,to him1 z to o!r ?9k]s1 ! pres5ce 9 space ( a self-lum9\s cosmic fluid became m ?an d\btful4 ,9 8 ,presid5tial ,address to ! ,briti% ,association 9 #ahde1 he dwelt ) en?usiasm on ! completion ( ! ,rosse reflector--8an a*ievem5t ( su* magnitude1 t ,i want words to express my admiration ( x40 ,he reg>d$ 8z "o ( ! gr& fields op5 = discov]y ) su* an in/rum5t1 ^? m>vell\s & my/]i\s bodies1 or sy/ems ( bodies1 ! nebul40 ,_! frequ5t resolution1 actual or indicat$1 ) increas$ optical p[]1 l$ him to attribute recalcitrance 9 ?is respect to ! smallness & clos5ess ( ! />s ( :i* !y consi/2 he held !m1 9 %ort1 to be 8optically1 & n physically1 nebul\s40 ,a new consid]ation 0 ?us introduc$ into discussions on nebul4 ,! :ole bur!n ( acc\nt+ = _! v>ieties 9 telescopic aspect ne$ no long] be ?r[n ^u diff]5ces ( remot5ess2 div]sities 9 ! size & clos5ess ( nebul> molecules w\ld answ] ! same purpose4 ,s t pulv]ul5t agglom]ations1 x 0 ?\ght1 might pass by ins5sible gradations into collections ( truly sun-l bodies4 ,all di/9ction betwe5 nebul & clu/]s 0 !n aboli%$1 ! memb]s ( bo? classes consi/+1 l ! sun's photosph]e1 ( %9+ granules1 support$ 9 an obscure m$ium1 v>y+ 9 real magnitude f floccules to great globes1 :ile ea* va/ comp\nd body rotat$ en masse on an axis4 ,:atev] ! m]its ( ?is s*eme1 x at lea/ h>monises ) ! n[ preval5t op9ion t nebul & clu/]s belong to "o unbrok5 cosmical s]ies4 8,!y are divid$10 ,mr4 ,c[p] ,rany>d wrote 9 #ahic1 8by no h>d & fa/ l9e4 ,! l>g] nebul may be describ$ z gr\ps ( />s surr\nd$ by bright nebulosity1 & />-clu/]s z gr\ps ( />s surr\nd$ by fa9t nebulosity40 ,h]s*el's assimilation ( nebul to clu/]s 0 n meant to apply to 8^? extraord9>y objects resembl+ ! wisps & curls ( a cirr\s cl\d10 :i* confront ! a/ronom] 9 ,orion1 ,argo1 & else:]e4 8,! wilde/ imag9ation10 he said1 8c conceive no?+ m caprici\s ?an _! =ms4 ,) _! resolution10 he av]r$1 8& t ( elliptic nebul1 ! idea ( a nebul\s matt]1 9 ! nature ( a %9+ fluid or cond5sible gas1 w\ld cease to d]ive any support f obs]vation40 ,he1 9 fact1 disc>d$ x absolutely on ! deceptive analysis into />s at ,p>son/[n & ,h>v>d ,college ( ! ,orion & ,&rom$a nebul4 ,! discr$it$ hypo!sis 0 nev]!less triumphantly re9/at$ by ,dr4 ,hugg9s's spectroscopic obs]vations 9 #ahfd4 ,"o-?ird ( ! :ole nebul> cont5ts ( ! heav5s ,h]s*el f\nd to be collect$ into a broad1 irregul> pat*1 ! c5tral po9t ( :i* 9 ,virgo co9cides almo/ precisely ) ! nor!rn pole ( ! ,milky ,way4 ,he comp>$ x to a canopy surm\nt+ ! galactic zone4 ,9 ! o!r hemisph]e ! arrangem5t1 al?\gh less di/9ctly *>act]is$1 is on ! same g5]al plan4 ,pla9ly1 !n1 nebul> di/ribution has an opposite correspond5ce ) /ell> di/ribution1 & ! two p>tial sy/ems are complem5t>y "o to ano!r1 ,h]s*el1 h[ev]1 cont5t$ himself ) ! some:at ambigu\s /atem5t t 8! nebul\s sy/em is di/9ct f ! sid]eal1 ?\gh involv+ &1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 int]mix$ ) x40 ,8 v]dict z to ! gr\nd-plan ( ! sid]eal edifice might be summ$ up 9 ! phrase1 8,n a /ratum1 b an annulus10 our own situation be+ 9 a relatively vacant int]ior space4 ,h5ce1 ! sun belongs1 n to ! ,milky ,way prop]--z x %\ld on ! /ratum !ory--b to ! sy/em ( :i* ! ,milky ,way =ms "p4 ,?is conclusion 0 9 itself a di/9ct advance t[>ds ! solution ( an exorbitantly difficult problem4 ,! gr& "q z to ! remot5ess ( ! />-cl\ds 9 t gleam+ sky-girdle 0 def9itely rais$ by x2 & ! "q is n1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 unansw]able4 ,h]s*el's annulus 0 n a neat /ructure ) a cyl9drical section1 b 8a flat r+1 or "s o!r re-ent]+ =m ( imm5se & irregul> bread? & ?ickness40 ,x is clov5 ov] "o-?ird ( its circumf]5ce2 x is int]rupt$ by huge *asms2 x is b5t1 & %att]$ & brok51 & probably set ) t5tacul> app5dages1 giv+ rise1 by _! =e%ort5+1 to v complex visual effects4 ,all ( :i* modify+ circum/ances ,h]s*el implicitly recognis$4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to ga!r any direct intimations ( ! exi/5ce ( t 8sol> clu/]0 :i*1 guess$ at by ! eld] ,h]s*el1 has ( late assum$ a sort ( elusive reality4 ,a zone ( bright />s1 includ+ ^? ( ,orion1 ,canis ,major1 ! ,%ip1 ! ,cross1 & ! ,c5taur1 /ruck him at once z a conspicu\s feature 9 ! sc5]y ( ! s\!rn heav5s4 ,its aspect l$ him to 8suspect t our ne>e/ neighb\rs 9 ! sid]eal sy/em =m "p ( a subord9ate %eet1 or /ratum10 incl9$ at an angle ( tw5ty degrees to ! plane ( ! ,milky ,way4 ,to ,dr4 ,g\ld at ,cordoba1 9 #ahgi1 8few cele/ial ph5om5a0 appe>$ 8m palpable0 ?an ?is project$ />-belt2 &1 s9ce x traces out a great circle on ! sph]e1 ! sun mu/ be plac$ )9 x1 & pretty accurately 9 its plane2 yet ! difficulty ( associat+ x intimately ) our p>ticul> /> seems all b insurm\ntable4 ,h]s*el's m9or & occasional writ+s 7 nei!r few nor unimportant4 ,he contribut$ articles on 8,isop]imetrical ,problems0 & 8,ma!matics0 to ,brew/]'s ,ed9burgh ,cyclopdia1 & on 8,meteorology10 8,physical ,geography10 & 8,! ,telescope10 to ! eigh? edition ( ! ,encyclopdia ,britannica4 ,^! la/ 7 pr9t$ sep>ately z well4 ,he edit$ 9 #ahdi ! ,admiralty 8,manual ( ,sci5tific ,inquiry10 & criticis$ 9 ! ,ed9burgh & ,qu>t]ly ,reviews ,mrs4 ,som]ville's 8,me*anism ( ! ,heav5s10 ,:ewell's 8,hi/ory ( ! ,inductive ,sci5ces10 ,humboldt's 8,kosmos10 & ,quetelet's 8,!ory ( ,probabilities40 ,8 addresses z ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,a/ronomical ,society 7 models ( _! k9d1 & ! same might be said ( 8 memoirs ( ,baily & ,bessel 9 ! 8,mon?ly ,notices40 ,mo/ ( !m 7 collect$ 9 #aheg1 ) 8 review articles1 into a volume ( 8,essays20 & 8 attractive 8,famili> ,lectures on ,sci5tific ,subjects10 publi%$ 9 #ahfg1 gave p]man5ce to "s popul> disc\rses deliv]$ 9 ! s*ool-h\se ( ,hawkhur/1 z well z to articles f ,good ,words on ,light & o!r subjects4 ,no less ?an #aeb pap]s by him are includ$ 9 sci5tific rep]tories4 ,he _h a consid]able faculty = translat+ poetry1 & its ex]cise made "o ( 8 fav\rite recreations4 ,hav+ adopt$ ! lit]al !ory ( ! art1 he kept /rictly to ! orig9al metres1 & ?us fett]$1 got ov] ! gr\nd ) m grace & ease ?an might h be5 expect$4 ,8 fir/ attempt ) ,engli% hexamet]s 0 9 a v]sion ( ,s*ill]'s 8,walk10 privately pr9t$ 9 #ahdb4 ,he _h come to love ! poem ?r\gh its association 9 8 m9d ) a fav\rite /roll up ! side ( ,table ,m\nta92 & a translation ( x 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review leav+1 z he ?\ght1 some?+ to be desir$1 he tri$ 8 h&1 & di/ribut$ ! result 8among 8 fri5ds z 8 ,*ri/mas sug> plum40 ,! v>i\s ackn[l$gm5ts made an amus+ collection4 ,"o lady said t %e 8f\nd x difficult to get into ! /ep ( ! ,walk40 ,ano!r correspond5t decl>$ t ! ,walk _h got into a ,run ?r\gh ceaseless borr[+4 ,a ?ird qualifi$ 8 encomium ^u ! ideas by add+1 8,to ! v]se ,i am av]se40 ,joanna ,baillie1 h[ev]1 & h] si/] 7 delight$ ) bo? ! sub/ance & =m ( ! poem1 & x 0 includ$ among ,:ewell's 8,engli% ,hexamet] ,translations0 9 #ahdg4 ,8 success enc\rag$ him1 aft] tw5ty ye>s1 to und]take an indef9itely m difficult task4 ,pope's ,iliad he describ$ happily z 8a magnific5t adumbration0 ( ! orig9al2 b he aim$ r at produc+ a 8fac-simile10 9 8,hexamet]s no worse ?an d>+ ,g]many gave u40 ,8 v]sion %\ld come z ne> z he c\ld br+ x to a photograph ( a gr& piece ( ar*itecture2 & z a measure ( its fidelity1 he pr9t$ 9 italics all ! words n 9 ! text4 ,:ewell rem>k$ t x 0 8curi\s to see h[ few he _h manag$ to make !m10 & pref]r$ 8 translation to any o!r ) :i* he 0 acqua9t$4 ,b ,engli% hexamet]s 7 a hobby ( ! ,ma/] ( ,tr9ity1 :o accord+ly view$ ) p>tiality :at ,t5nyson call$ ! 8burlesque b>b>\s exp]im5t0 ( ?us lamely r5d]+ 8! /rong-w+'d music ( ,hom]40 ,de ,morgan1 too1 0 "o ( ! 8av]se40 8,_m ?anks = ! hexamet]s10 he wrote1 on receiv+ an in/alm5t ( ! ,coll+wood ,iliad2 8!y are z good z !y c be1 b all ! logic 9 ! _w does n make me feel !m to be ,engli% metre1 & !y give satisfaction only by rem9d+ "o ( ! ,greek3 j z1 m>k y1 a flute-play]--:i* ,i h be5 ^! =ty-five ye>s--only plays ,haydn & ,moz>t because he has ! assi/ance ( ! or*e/ral accompanim5t :i* arises 9 8 head ) ! melody4 ,! hexamet]1 x is cle>1 does n fix itself 9 ! popul> m9d4 ,! popul> m9d kn[s nei!r quantity nor acc5t1 b t :i* is to la/ bites its own way 91 )\t any ef=t40 ,yet ,h]s*el's translation is n )\t m]it4 ,x is disfigur$ nei!r by affectation nor by magniloqu5ce1 & x cat*es "h & !re some?+ ( ! greatness ( ! unapproa*$ orig9al4 ,let u take two specim5s2 ?is f ! 8,%ield ( ,a*illes03-- 8,!re he depict$ ! e>?1 & ! canopi$ sky1 & ! ocean2 ,!re ! unwe>i$ sun1 & ! full-orb'd moon 9 _! c\rses4 ,all ! configur$ />s1 :i* gem ! circuit ( heav51 ,pleiads & ,hyads 7 !re1 & ! giant =ce ( ,orion4 ,!re ! revolv+ ,be>1 :i* ! ,wa9 !y call1 0 ensculptur$1 ,circl+ on high1 & 9 all its c\rse reg>d+ ,orion2 ,sole ( ! />ry tra9 :i* refuses to ba! 9 ! ,ocean40 ,! next likewise appeals to ! a/ronom]4 ,x is ! fam\s simile f ! end ( ! ,eigh? ,book3-- 8,z :5 ar\nd ! gl[+ moon respl5d5t 9 e!r1 ,%9es =? ! heav5ly ho/1 & ! air reposes 9 /illness2 ,gleams e po9t$ rock1 /&s =? ea* buttress 9 prospect2 ,%imm]s ea* woodl& vale2 & f realms ( unspeakable glory ,op'n+1 ! />s are reveal$2 & ! he>t ( ! %eph]d rejoices4 ,su*1 & s _m ! fires1 by ! ,trojans k9dl$1 illum9$ ,eddy+ ,xan?us' /ream1 & ! %ips1 & ! walls ( ! city40 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el correspond$ ) ,mr4 ,proctor1 dur+ ! la/ two ye>s ( 8 life1 on ! subject ( sid]eal con/ruction2 & 8 replies to ! argum5ts put be=e him %[ t 8 m9d reta9$1 ev5 !n1 its op5ness & flexibility4 ,he _h none ( ! contempt = speculative excursions :i* sometimes walls up ! ?9k+-p[]s ( obs]v]s4 8,9 ! mid/ ( s mu* d>kness10 he held t 8we ought to op5 our eyes z wide z possible to any glimpse ( light1 & utilise :atev] twilight may be accord$ u1 to make out1 ?\gh b indi/9ctly1 ! =ms t surr\nd u40 8,hypo!ses f+o 9 ?is /yle ( our k10 he w5t on1 8is q z good a motto z ,newton's non f+o--provid$ always !y be n hypo!ses z to modes ( physical action = :i* exp]i5ce gives no w>rant40 ,& aga93 8,we may--inde$1 mu/--=m !ories z we g along2 & !y s]ve z guides = inquiry1 or sugge/ions ( ?+s to inquire2 b z yet we mu/ hold !m r loosely1 & = _m ye>s to come keep look+ out = side-lights40 ,^! 7 8 la/ words on ! philosophy ( discov]y3 & !y con/itut$ 8 la/ advice to sci5tific inquir]s4 ,b1 good z 7 8 precepts1 8 example 0 bett]4 ,!re 0 no discrepancy betwe5 8 "w & 8 ?\ght4 ,bo? comb9$ to inculcate alo(ness f prejudice1 read9ess ( conviction 9 unequivocal circum/ances1 susp5sion ( judgm5t 9 dubi\s ones1 & 9 all1 c&\r1 sobriety1 & an e>ne/ seek+ = tru?4 ,,index4 ,act9omet]1 ,j4 ,h]s*el's1 #aeb1 #agi1 #ahj ,adams1 ,j4 ,c41 at ,coll+wood1 #ahh ,ages ( heav5ly bodies1 #fh1 #id1 #agj ,alex&]1 ! ,cz>1 #di ,amici1 ( ,mod5a1 #adh1 #aej ,ap]tures1 me?od (1 #fa1 #fc ,apex1 sol>1 #gh1 #hj ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 & ,george ,,iii41 #ch ,argel&]1 #hj1 #ajf ,a/]oids1 #df1 #ij-a1 #ie1 #ajj ,a/romet]1 ,j4 ,h]s*el's1 #agg ,a/ronomical ,society1 #di1 #aeb1 #ahh ,aub]t1 ,alex&]1 #af1 #aja1 #abd ,babbage1 companion%ip ) ,j4 ,h]s*el1 #adc-d1 #adi1 #aeb2 a/atic ne$le1 #bjh ,bailey1 ,s4 ,i41 #afi1 #agj ,baily1 ,francis1 #afd1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #ahg ,b>n>d1 diamet]s ( a/]oids1 #ia2 nebulosities1 #aaj-aa2 photographs ( ,milky ,way1 #agd ,bates1 ,joah1 anecdote ( ,w4 ,h]s*el1 #ab ,ba?1 c5tre ( fa%ion1 #ab2 ,h]s*el's resid5ces !re1 #ag1 #bf1 #dg ,beck$orff1 ,mrs41 #abf1 #abg1 #afj2 ,miss1 #ach ,bessel1 sol> movem5t1 #hj2 e/imate ( ,w4 ,h]s*el1 #aji2 ,halley's comet1 #agg2 at ,coll+wood1 #ahg2 memoir (1 #baf ,biot1 e/imate ( ,j4 ,h]s*el1 #bja ,bonap>te1 ,luci51 #cc1 #dd ,bonap>te1 ,napoleon1 ,h]s*el's int]view )1 #dg ,bradley1 obs]vation ( ,ca/or1 #gf ,br\gham1 ,"l1 #ec1 #hh1 #ij1 #bjg ,burney1 ,dr41 notices ( ,w4 ,h]s*el1 #ab1 #dd1 #de-f2 walk ?r\gh =ty-foot1 #ch2 notices ( ,c>ol9e & ,j4 ,h]s*el1 #abe1 #adb ,burney1 ,miss1 meet+s ) ,w4 ,h]s*el1 #ch-i2 ) ,mrs4 & ,miss ,h]s*el1 #dd1 #abd1 #abe1 #abg ,burnham1 d\ble />s1 #ajc2 planet>y nebul1 #aee ,campbell1 ,?omas1 admiration = ,w4 ,h]s*el1 #dg-h2 notice ( 8 son1 #ade ,cav5di%1 anecdote (1 #ajj ,clay ,hall1 #cf ,climate1 *anges (1 #hb ,comet1 ( ,octob] #ahjf1 #dh2 ( #ahaa1 #id2 ,encke's1 #abd1 #age2 ( #ahai1 #abh-i2 ,biela's1 #aec2 ,halley's1 #age-f1 #ahj1 #baa ,comets1 decay (1 #id2 ,miss ,h]s*el's1 #abd1 #abe ,common1 ,dr41 five-foot reflector1 #ii ,con/ruction ( ! ,heav5s1 #ec1 #fj1 #aac-aad1 #bad-ae ,dante & ! 8,div9a ,comm$ia10 #ae ,dat*et1 h\se at1 #cb1 #cf ,dawes1 sun-spot nuclei1 #hc ,de la ,rue1 photoheliograph1 #baj ,de ,morgan1 lett] to ,capta9 ,smy?1 #ahh-i2 ,h]s*el & ! co9age1 #aia2 fri5d%ip )1 #aig2 dislike to hexamet]s1 #bag ,drey]1 ,catalogue ( ,nebul1 #aib ,ea/on1 ,milky ,way /ructure1 #ajf ,edgewor?1 ,miss1 at ,sl\gh & ,coll+wood1 #aib-c ,feldhaus51 #afc1 #ahj1 #aha ,flam/e$1 ,briti% ,catalogue1 #hj1 #abc1 #abf ,galileo1 d\ble-/> me?od ( p>allaxes1 #ee ,gauss1 #aea1 #bja1 #bje ,george ,,iii41 patronage ( ,h]s*el1 #aj1 #bd1 #bh-i1 #cj1 #cb1 #cc2 ta/e = a/ronomy1 #cj1 #dg2 walk ?r\gh great telescope1 #ch ,gill1 ,dr41 ,h]s*el's micromet]s1 #ajc2 photographic catalogue1 #ajf2 photographs ( ,argo nebula1 #afg2 ( ,omega ,c5tauri1 #afi ,gordon1 ,lady1 portrait ( ,sir ,j4 ,h]s*el1 #bjb ,g\ld1 ,dr41 sol> clu/]1 #ajg1 #bae ,grahame1 ,james1 #adi ,gravitation1 ext5sion ( to /ell> sy/ems1 #gg1 #adh ,gregorian reflectors1 #bj1 #bi ,griesba*1 ,mrs41 #aj1 #aaf2 h] sons1 #aj1 #bh1 #bi ,halley1 li/ ( nebul1 #ai2 /ell> motions1 #gg ,hamilton1 ,sir ,w4 ,r41 communications ) ,j4 ,h]s*el1 #adf1 #aeb1 #aeh1 #agc1 #ahh2 spee* by1 #ahb2 at ,coll+wood1 #aic2 quat]nions1 #aid-e ,haydn1 visit to ,sl\gh1 #dd ,heat-rays 9 sol> spectrum1 #ie-f ,h]s*el1 ,alex&]1 assi/$ 8 bro!r1 #ac1 #ba1 #bg1 #abj2 accompani$ him to ,gtt+51 #cg2 support$ by him1 #ea2 c>e = 8 si/]1 #aah ,h]s*el1 ,pr(essor ,alex&]1 meteoric rese>*es1 #bja ,h]s*el1 ,c>ol9e1 fet*$ to ,ba?1 #ae1 #aah2 help 9 speculum mak+1 #ae1 #bj1 #abd2 a s+]1 #ba1 #aag1 #aai2 rem>ks1 #be1 #bg1 #cd1 #di2 lett]s f ,w4 ,h]s*el1 #bh1 #bi1 #cj1 #abi2 h\sehold c>es1 #cb1 #aah1 #aba2 rem9isc5ces1 #ce1 #cf1 #cg1 #ci1 #dh1 #ej1 #fh2 annuity1 #ea1 #aca2 bir? & *ildhood1 #aae-af2 education1 #aae1 #aah1 #aba2 visits to ,london1 #aba1 #abg2 discov]ies ( nebul1 #abb2 ( comets1 #abd-e1 #aci2 h] bro!r's assi/ant1 #abb-c1 #abe2 catalogues nebul1 #abc1 #acb2 ,index to ,flam/e$'s obs]vations1 #abf2 royal att5tions1 #abf1 #abg1 #acc1 #ace1 #aci2 anxiety ab\t h] bro!r's heal?1 #abh-i2 return to ,hanov]1 #acj-a2 ,gold ,m$als be/[$ on1 #acb1 #ach2 joy 9 h] nephew's c>e]1 #acd-e1 #aei2 8 visits1 #ace-cf1 #aei2 ,recollections & ,j\rnals1 #acg1 #ach2 dea?1 #aci2 p]sonality1 #aci-da2 anecdotes ( ,j4 ,h]s*el's *ildhood1 #adb2 8 lett]s to h]1 #aea1 #aeb1 #aec1 #afb-c1 #afd1 #age1 #agf1 #ahg2 h] portrait1 #aif2 h] advice to him1 #bje ,h]s*el1 ,dietri*1 #bj-a1 #ea1 #abg-h1 #acj1 #aca ,h]s*el1 ,sir ,john1 dismantl+ ( great telescope1 #dc2 catalogues ( nebul1 #acb1 #aee1 #aia-b2 visits to ,hanov]1 #ace-f1 #aea1 #aei-fj1 #ahd2 nebul> obs]vations1 #acf1 #aec1 #aed-g1 #afe-g2 ,cape ,exp$ition1 #ace1 #aei-b1 #aha-b2 bir? & *ildhood1 #adb2 univ]sity c>e]1 #adc-e2 m$als aw>d$ to1 #ade1 #adh1 #adi1 #aeg1 #ahg1 #bja2 "w on d\ble />s1 #acd1 #adf-dh1 #aeg2 me?od = comput+ orbits1 #adh-i2 g5]al catalogue1 #aib2 asc5ts ( ,monte ,rosa & ,etna1 #adi-ej2 explorations 9 ,auv]gne1 #aeb2 exp]im5ts on sol> radiation1 #aea-b1 #agi2 visit to ,irel&1 #aeb2 comet>y obs]vations1 #aec1 #age-f1 #ahj1 #ahi2 telescopes1 #aec1 #aeh1 #afd1 #ahc2 discov]y ( /> 9 ,orion-trapezium1 #aeh2 m>riage1 #aei2 ,feldhaus51 #afc1 #ahj-a2 ,cape climate1 #afd2 ,magellanic ,cl\ds1 #afe-f2 ,argo nebula1 #afg2 ,eta ,args1 #afh-i2 globul> clu/]s1 #afi-ga1 #bac2 />-gaug+1 #aga-b2 comets1 #age-f2 /ell> photometry1 #agg2 sol> !ory1 #agh-i1 #baa2 ,saturnian satellites1 #ahj2 magnetic "w1 #ahd1 #ahi1 #bjh2 con/ellational re=m1 #ahe2 removal to ,coll+wood1 #ahf2 ,cape ,results1 #ahf-g1 #baa-ab2 ,presid5t ,a/ronomical ,society1 #ahh2 ,ma/] ( ! ,m9t1 #aij-a2 gue/s at ,coll+wood1 #ahh1 #aic1 #aie2 sonnet1 #aid2 family life1 #aie-f2 dea?1 #aig2 p[]s & "*1 #aih-bja2 books1 #bje-h2 photographic exp]im5ts1 #bji-aj2 nature ( nebul1 #bab-ad2 sol> clu/]1 #bae2 poetical p]=mances1 #baf-ah2 philosophy ( discov]y1 #bai ,h]s*el1 ,colonel ,john1 exam9ation ( nebul> spectra1 #bja ,h]s*el1 ,isaac1 #i1 #ba1 #aae1 #aaf ,h]s*el1 ,jacob1 #aaf1 #aag1 #abh ,h]s*el1 ,lady1 ! eld]1 #dd1 #ej1 #aeb1 #afj ,h]s*el1 ,lady1 ! y\ng]1 #aei1 #aib1 #aid1 #bja ,h]s*el1 ,sir ,william1 bir?1 #i2 musical c>e]1 #aj-af1 #ba1 #bf1 #aba2 telescope1 mak+1 #ad-ae1 #ag1 #ai1 #bj1 #bb2 ?irty-foot1 #bf-h1 sev5-foot1 #bh-i2 = sale1 #cc2 =ty-foot1 #cd1 #cg1 #ch1 #da-c1 #di1 #ej1 #ajj1 #acg1 #baj2 tw5ty-foot1 #ce-f1 #dj1 #ej2 front-view telescopes1 #dj1 #da1 #ajb1 #aec2 space-p5etrat+ p[] (1 #fa1 #ih2 reviews ( ! heav5s1 #ai1 #bj1 #bf1 #ce1 #cf1 #db1 #df2 e>ly pap]s1 #bb-c2 discov]y ( ,uranus1 #bd-e1 #abj2 obs]vations ( d\ble />s1 #bf1 #di1 #ee-f1 #ge2 int]views ) ! k+1 #bh-cj2 royal a/ronom]1 #cj1 #cb-c2 mode ( obs]v+1 #cj1 #abb2 discov]y ( ,uranian satellites1 #dj1 #ic1 #aec2 ( ,saturnian satellites1 #da1 #dc1 #ib2 m>riage1 #dd2 av]sion to poetry1 #de-f2 int]view ) ,bonap>te1 #dg2 obs]vations ( comets1 #dh1 #id1 #abh-i2 failure ( heal?1 #di-ej1 #abh-i2 dea? & "*1 #ea2 con/ruction ( ! 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