,transcrib]'s ,notes ,text pr9t$ 9 italics has be5 transcrib$ betwe5 und]scores1 bold face text betwe5 equal signs1 & und]l9$ text betwe5 tildes4 ,small capitals h be5 replac$ ) ,,all ,,capitals4 ,m ,notes may be f\nd at ! end ( ?is text4 ,illu/ration3 ,,panama ,,canal ,,& ,,canal ,,zone ,,note3 ,f its ,atlantic end at ,colon1 ! ,canal runs = #aj miles due s\?2 !n its g5]al c\rse is to ! ea/w>d into ! ,pacific4 ,?is is q contr>y to ! popul> conception ( its g5]al direction & is due to ! fact t ! ,i/hmus1 at ! ,canal1 b5ds to ! ea/w>d1 s t ! ,pacific ,ocean at ?is po9t is s\? & ea/ ( ! ,atlantic1 z %[n by ! small ins]t map at l[] left h& corn] ( ! ma9 map above4 ,,panama ,& ! ,canal ,,9 ,,picture ,,& ,,prose ,a complete /ory ( ,panama1 z well z ! hi/ory1 purpose & promise ( its _w-fam\s canal--! mo/ gigantic eng9e]+ und]tak+ s9ce ! dawn ( "t ,approv$ by lead+ (ficials connect$ ) ! great ent]prise ,by ,,willis ,j4 ,,abbot ,au?or ( ,! ,/ory ( ,our ,navy1 ,am]ican ,m]*ant ,%ips & ,sailors1 ,etc4 ,wat]-colors by ,e4 ,j4 ,,read & ,,gordon ,,grant ,pr(usely illu/rat$ by ov] #fjj unique & attractive photographs tak5 expressly = ?is book by our special /aff ,publi%$ 9 ,engli% & ,spani% by ,,syndicate ,,publi%+ ,,company ,,london ,,new ,,york ,,toronto ,,havana ,,bu5os ,,aires #aiac ,copyright #aiac1 by ,f4 ,e4 ,wright ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,introduction #e ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,front ,,door ,,to ,,panama #i ,antilla1 a ,new ,sug> ,port--,! ,isl& ( ,jamaica--,k+/on1 ,! ,colonial ,capital--,wom5 z ,burd5 ,be>]s--,*>act]i/ics ( ! ,native ,jamaican--,life ( ! ,negro ,woman4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,cri/obal-,,colon2 ,,& ,,! ,,panama ,,railroad #bc ,! ,approa* to ,colon--,! ,ar*itecture & ,population ( ,colon--,railroad ,build+ 9 a ,swamp--,! ,fr5* ,come to ,colon--,! ,beautiful ,roosevelt ,av5ue--,colon ,/reets 9 ! ,e>ly ,days--,! ,v>i$ ,population ( ,colon--,san ,blas ,indians & ,_! ,cayucas--,! ,gha/ly ,/ory ( ! ,*9ese--,co/ & ,*>ges ( ! ,panama ,railroad4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,nombre ,,de ,,dios1 ,,porto ,,bello ,,& ,,san ,,lor5zo #de ,! ,h>bor ( ,porto ,bello--,! ,fir/ ,appe>ance ( ,balboa--,e>ly ,indian ,life 9 ,panama--,! ,futile ,indian ,upris+--,! ,fir/ ,sight ( ! ,pacific--,! ,beg9n+ ( ,balboa's ,d[nfall--,! ,traitor 9 ,balboa's ,camp--,! ,"* ( ,vasco ,nunez de ,balboa--,panama a ,l9k 9 ,philipp9e ,trade--,flu% ,times 9 ,porto ,bello--,! ,piratical ,raid ( ,sir ,francis ,drake--,! ,futile ,attack on ! ,treasure ,tra9--,! ,appe>ance ( ,morgan ! ,buccane]--,! ,pillage ( ,porto ,bello4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,san ,,lor5zo ,,& ,,panama #ge ,! ,wat]way to ,san ,lor5zo--,approa* to ,san ,lor5zo ,ca/le--,a ,rip ,van ,w9kle ( a ,=tress--,! ,assault ( ! ,buccane]s--,! ,end ( ,porto ,bello & ,san ,lor5zo4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,sack ,,( ,,old ,,panama #hg ,! ,advance ( ! ,buccane]s--,! ,banquet be=e ,panama--,! ,buccane]s ,triumphant 9 ,battle--,! ,pirates' ,orgy ( ,plund]--,h[ ,morgan ,plund]$ ,8 ,pirates--,! ,sc5e ( ,morgan's ,great ,exploit4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,revolutions ,,& ,,! ,,fr5* ,r,,gime #aja ,! ,scotti% ,settlem5t 9 ,panama--,disa/]s ,beset ! ,scot* ,coloni/s--,! ,repeat$ ,revolutions ( ,panama--,e>ly ,projectors ( a ,panama ,canal--,sea ,level or ,lock ,canal--,a ,relic ( ! ,fr5* ,days--,"s ( ! ,f9i%$ ,"w ( ! ,fr5*--,! ,f9ancial ,ab]rations ( ,de ,lesseps--,yell[ ,fev]'s ,toll ( ,fr5* ,lives--,! ,value ( ! ,fr5* ,"w4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,beg9s ,,"w #abc ,:y ,panama ,want$ ,indep5d5ce--,our ,%>e 9 ! ,revolution--,a ,revolution ,)\t a ,s+le ,battle--,treaty ,rights ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates--,illu/rations ( ! ,magnitude ( ! ,canal ,"w--,! ,passage ( ! ,canal ,locks--,spectacul> ,features ( ,gatun ,lake--,! ,ab&onm5t ( ,canal ,t[ns--,! ,pacific ,t]m9us ( ! ,canal--,! ,=ts at ! ,pacific ,entrance4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,=mative ,,p]iod #adg ,! ,beg9n+ ( ,"w "u ,wallace--,! ,abs5tee ,commission]s & ! ,r$ ,tape--,! ,successful ,w> ) ,yell[ ,fev]--,! ,*ange f ,wallace to ,/ev5s--,! ,v>y+ ,e/imates ( ! ,canal ,co/--,! ,resignation ( ,eng9e] ,/ev5s4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,col4 ,,goe?als ,,at ,,! ,,?rottle #afa ,:at ! ,colonel ,meant by ,ord]s--,! ,colonel's ,sunday ,morn+ ,c\rt--,! ,autocratic ,p[] ( ,col4 ,goe?als--,! ,panama ,"w ,%[s ,gov]nm5tal ,effici5cy4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,gatun ,,dam ,,& ,,locks #aga ,atlantic ,beg9n+ ( ! ,canal--,! ,plan ( ! ,gatun ,dam--,h[ ! ,*agres ,curr5t 0 ,block$--,! ,spillway1 ,! ,n]ve ,c5t] ( ,gatun ,lake--,! ,uses ( ! ,electric ,p[] ( ,gatun--,! ,colossal ,concrete ,"w at ,gatun--,! ,motive ,p[] ( ! ,lock ,gates4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,gatun ,,lake ,,& ,,! ,,*agres ,,riv] #ahg ,! ,native ,affection = ! ,*agres--,! ,indisp5sable ,native ,cayuca--,keep+ ! ,record ( ! ,*agres--,cruces 9 ,its ,day ( ,greatness--,animal ,life on ! ,*agres ,riv]--,a ,typical ,=eign ,labor] on ,! ,zone4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,! ,,culebra ,,cut #bja ,! ,great ,problem ( ! ,slides--,! ,physical ,*>act]i/ics ( ! ,slide--,"s ,peculi> ,features ( ! ,slides--,! ,explosive ,exp]i5ce ( ,miguel--,! ,gorge\s ,color+ ( ,culebra--,! ,p]il\s ,passage ( ,culebra ,cut--,! almo/ ,human ,"w ( ! ,/eam ,%ovel--,! ,"w ( ! ,/eam ,%ovell]s--,! almo/ ,indisp5sable ,track ,%ift]--,! ,indu/ri\s ,ants ( ,panama--,! ,end ( ! ,canal at ,balboa4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,city ,,( ,,panama #bbd ,! ,fir/ ,appe>ance ( ,panama ,city--,! ,popul> ,panama ,lott]y--,panama's ,co/ ( ,liv+ is ,high--,sc5es 9 ! ,panama ,m>ket--,! ,preval5t ,temp] ( ! ,panamanians--,:y ,am]icans are n ,popul>--,am]ican ,s5tim5t on ! ,i/hmus--,! ,public ,build+s ( ,panama--,! ,/\t ,walls ( ,panama ,city--,sc5es ( ! ,m>di ,gras ,c>nival--,cock-,fight+ & ! ,liquor ,trade--,9 ! ,anci5t ,*iriqui ,prison--,! ,_m ,*ur*es ( ,panama--,panama ,clubs & ,op5 ,air ,life4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,sanitation ,,( ,,! ,,zone #bec ,beg9n+ ! ,w>f>e on ,mosquitoes--,me?ods ( ! ,anti-,mosquito ,crusade--,"s ,humors ( ! ,mosquito ,w>--,h[ ! ,/reams are ,/]iliz$--,results ( ! ,w> on ,mosquitoes--,! ,two ,great ,canal ,commission ,hospitals--,! ,sy/em ( ,free ,m$ical ,treatm5t--,! ,pleasant ,village ( ,taboga--,! ,sanit>ium & ,lep] ,colony4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,republic ,,( ,,panama #bgc ,! ,d\btful ,soil ( ,panama--,! ,simple ,/udy ( ,native ,life--,! ,build+ ( ! ,bridegroom's ,h\se--,labor & ,l& ,titles 9 ,panama--,agriculture & ,temp]ature 9 ,panama--,rubb] & ,cocoanuts ,(f] ,possibilities--,! ,sport ( ,%oot+ ,alligators--,a ,colossal ,agricultural ,ent]prise--,! ,banana z an ,empire ,build]--,:y ! ,am]ican ,flag is ,r>e--,gett+ ! ,bananas to ,m>ket--,david & ! ,cattle ,c\ntry--,gold f ! ,indian ,tombs--,ef=ts = a ,sy/em ( ,indu/rial ,education4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,indians ,,( ,,panama #cje ,m>riage ,cu/oms ( ! ,indians--,! ,_m ,tribes ( ,panama ,indians--,*>act]i/ics ( ! ,san ,blas ,tribe--,an ,exclusive ,aborig9al ,p--,family ,qu>t]s ( ! ,san ,blas--,cu/oms ( ! ,*ocos & ,guaymies--,peculi>ities ( ! ,d>i5 ,indians4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,social ,,life ,,on ,,! ,,canal ,,zone #cbj ,! ,population ( ! ,canal ,zone--,! ,temptations to ,matrimony on ! ,zone--,! ,gold & ,silv] ,employees--,! ,object ,lesson ( ! ,canal ,zone--,:y ,x is n at all 8,sociali/ic0--,9 a ,typical ,canal ,zone ,dwell+--,"s ,features ( ,zone ,h\sekeep+--,prices ( ,food at ! ,commiss>y--,! ,complicat$ ,social ,life ( ! ,zone--,*ur* ,"w & ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,labor ,,& ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,! ,,zone #cda ,! ,colossal ,bus9ess ( ! ,commiss>y--,! ,task ( ,fe$+ ,=ty ,nationalities--,! ,/]n ,suppression ( ! ,social ,class--,evil ,effect ( ! ,abolition ( ! ,cante5--,"s ,figures ,conc]n+ ! ,commiss>y ,s]vice--,! ,int]national ,agreem5t on ! ,commiss>y--,! ,police ,sy/em ( ! ,zone--,! ,s*ool ,sy/em ( ! ,zone--,agricultural ,possibilities on ! ,zone--,future ,possibilities ( ! ,canal ,zone4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,=tifications1 ,,tolls1 ,,comm]ce ,,& ,,qu>ant9e #cfc ,:y ,=tify ! ,canal at ,all8--,! ,suez ,canal no ,p>allel--,"s ,details ( ! ,=tifications--,! ,mobile ,=ce on ! ,zone--,! ,suffici5cy ( ,=tifications ,plann$--,effect ( ! ,canal on ,trade ,r\tes--,! ,railroad ,fight on ! ,canal--,! ,canal & ! ,flag--,! ,fir/ ,imm$iate ,advantage ( ! ,canal--,! ,mu*-moot$ ,"q ( ,tolls--,our ,trade ) ,pacific-,lat9 ,am]ica--,"t ,sav$ by ,panama ,canal ,r\te--,! ,possible ,comm]ce ( ! ,canal--,"s ,phases ( ,our ,=eign ,trade--,! ,ne$ ( ,our ,own ,%ips & ,banks--,:at ,our ,m]*ant ,m>9e is--,! ,grave ,"q ( ,qu>ant9e4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,diplomacy ,,& ,,politics ,,( ,,! ,,canal #cii ,our ,reckon+ ) ,colombia--,our ,comm]cial ,int]e/s 9 ,s\? ,am]ica--,mutual ,int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9--,:at ! ,canal has & w ,co/--,new ,"w = ! ,int]/ate ,comm]ce ,commission--,! ,moral ,lesson ( ! ,panama ,canal4 ,,li/ ,,( ,,color$ ,,illu/rations #a ,,map ,,( ,,panama ,,canal ,,& ,,canal ,,zone ,fac+ title page ,,fac+ ,,page #b ,,duke ,,/reet1 ,,k+/on1 ,,jamaica #af #c ,,go+ ,,to ,,m>ket #dj #d ,a ,,native ,,village #gb #e ,,old ,,fr5* ,,canal ,,at ,,m\nt ,,hope #ajd #f ,,ancon ,,hill ,,f ,,! ,,h>bor ,,( ,,panama #abh #g ,,! ,,wa%+ ,,place ,,at ,,taboga #aeb #h ,a ,,native ,,bak]y #agf #i ,,! ,,riv] ,,& ,,village ,,( ,,*agres #aib #aj ,,! ,,culebra ,,cut #baf #aa ,,av5ida ,b1 ,,panama ,,city #bcb #ab ,,panama ,,bay ,,f ,,ancon ,,hospital #bef #ac ,a ,,typical ,,native ,,hut #bhj #ad ,,v5dor ,,( ,,fruit ,,& ,,pott]y #cjd #ae ,,old ,,l&+ ,,at ,,taboga #ccf #af ,,swimm+ ,,pool ,,at ,,panama #cfh #ag ,,santa ,,ana ,,plaza1 ,,panama #cib ,,li/ ,,( ,,black ,,& ,,:ite ,,illu/rations ,,page #a ,! ,s5t9el ,tree #e #b ,sc5e on ,otoque ,isl&1 ,panama ,bay #f #c ,! ,rank1 ,lu% ,gr[? ( ! ,jungle #g #d ,ru9s ( ,old ,panama #h #e ,tree ,gr[+ out ( a ,*imney 9 ,jamaica #i #f ,cane ,riv] ,falls #aj #g ,! ,road to ,m>ket #aa #h ,sports on ,%ipbo>d #ab #i ,! 8,oruba0 #ab #aj ,bog ,walk1 ,jamaica #ac #aa ,gov]nm5t ,build+s1 ,k+/on #ad #ab ,k+ ,/reet1 ,k+/on1 ,jamaica #ae #ac ,jamaica1 ,:]e ,motor+ is ,good #af #ad ,wom5 on ! ,way to ,m>ket #ag #ae ,a ,y>d & its ,t5ants #ah #af ,coal+ ,/eam%ips #ai #ag ,m>ket ,wom5 & _! ,donkeys #bj #ah ,"o ,way ( ,c>ry+ ,bananas #ba #ai 8,gw9e to de ,big ,job0 #bb #bj ,toro ,po9t ,light #bc #ba ,toro ,po9t ,breakwat] #bd #bb ,! ,new ,cri/obal ,docks #bd #bc 8,palms ,:i* ,bl5d ,) ! ,sea0 #be #bd ,colon 9 #ahhd #bf #be ,fire-,fight+ ,=ce at ,cri/obal #bg #bf ,! ,new ,wa%+ton ,hotel #bh #bg ,! ,only ,/one ,*ur* 9 ,colon #bh #bh ,nature ( ,c\ntry ne> ,colon #bi #bi ,panama ,pott]y ,sell]s #cj #cj ,h9doo ,labor]s on ! ,canal #cj #ca ,san ,blas ,boats at ,e>ly ,dawn #ca #cb ,san ,blas ,indian ,boys #ca #cc ,san ,blas ,lugg] ,putt+ ,out to ,sea #ca #cd ,! ,atlantic ,fleet ,visits ! ,i/hmus #cb #ce ,roosevelt ,av5ue1 ,cri/obal1 ,ab\t to ,lose its ,beauty #cc #cf ,! ,de ,lesseps ,palace #cd #cg ,! ,national ,game--,cock-,fight+ #cd #ch ,h[ ! ,jungle ,works #ce #ci 8,bottle ,alley0 #cf #dj ,d ,/reet1 ,colon1 ,pav$ #cg #da ,ba*elor ,qu>t]s at ,toro ,po9t #ch #db ,a ,colon ,wat] ,c>ri] #ci #dc ,an ,op5 ,sew] 9 a ,colon ,/reet #ci #dd ,by a ,cocl ,brook #dj #de ,! ,mangroves ,m>*+ on ,/ilt-l ,roots #dj #df ,a ,picturesque ,inlet ( ! ,c>ibbean #da #dg ,*ildi% ,beauty ,)\t ,art #db #dh ,a ,corn] ( ,m\nt ,hope ,cemet]y #db #di ,! ,s\lful ,eyes ( ! ,tropics #dc #ej ,m>ket ,day at ,david #dc #ea ,sc5e on ,almirante ,bay #dd #eb ,mod]n ,porto ,bello f ,across ! ,bay #de #ec ,typical ,native ,hut 9 ,porto ,bello ,di/rict #df #ed ,entrance to ,porto ,bello ,h>bor1 f ,spani% ,=t #dg #ee ,bullock ,c>t on ! ,savanna ,road #dg #ef ,mod]n ,indian1 ,d>i5 ,region #dh #eg ,native ,family 9 ,*orr]a #di #eh ,sev5te5? ,c5tury ,ru9 at ,porto ,bello #ej #ei ,/reet 9 ,mod]n ,porto ,bello #ea #fj ,anci5t ,trail f ,porto ,bello #eb #fa ,spani% ,=t at ,entrance to ,porto ,bello ,h>bor #ec #fb ,a ,gr\p ( ,*olo ,indians #ed #fc ,natives ,gr9d+ ,rice 9 a ,mort> ,own$ by ,all #ee #fd ,family ,travel on ! ,panama ,trail #ef #fe ,des]t$ ,native ,hut #eg #ff ,:at ,!y ,/ill ,call a ,road 9 ,panama #eh #fg ,outdoor ,life ( ! ,natives #ei #fh ,native ,hut & ,op5-,air ,kit*5 #fj #fi ,cocoanut ,grove on ! ,c>ibbean ,coa/ #fa #gj ,canal ,commission ,/one ,cru%]1 ,porto ,bello #fa #ga ,native ,huts ne> ,porto ,bello #fb #gb ,an ,indian ,family ( ! ,d>i5 #fb #gc ,ru9$ ,spani% ,=t at ,porto ,bello #fc #gd ,san ,blas ,lugg]s at ,an*or #fd #ge ,! ,tee? ( ! ,tropics #fd #gf ,native ,bridge 9 ! ,d>i5 #fe #gg ,*oco ,indian ,girls #ff #gh ,indian ,huts ne> ,porto ,bello #fg #gi ,c\ntry ,back ( ,porto ,bello #fh #hj ,native ,wom5 ( ! ,savannas ,be>+ ,burd5s #fh #ha ,cam9a ,reale1 or ,royal ,road ne> ,porto ,bello #fi #hb ,a ,lady ( ! ,savanna #gj #hc ,native ,*ildr51 ,panama ,prov9ce #gj #hd ,bull-,rid] & ,native ,c> at ,b\quette1 ,*iriqui #ga #he ,! ,indians ,call ,h] a ,wit* #gb #hf ,a ,cuna ,cuna ,family ne> ,porto ,bello #gb #hg ,a ,trail ne> ,porto ,bello #gc #hh ,a ,*olo ,"m & ,daught] #gc #hi ,a ,gr\p ( ,cuepa ,trees #gd #ij ,m\? ( ! ,*agres ,riv] #ge #ia ,m\? ( ! ,*agres f ! ,=t #gf #ib ,! ,sally-,port at ,san ,lor5zo #gg #ic ,*ur* at ,*agres #gh #id ,old ,spani% ,magaz9e #gi #ie ,spani% ,ru9s1 ,porto ,bello #gi #if ,our ,guide at ,san ,lor5zo #hj #ig ,! ,au?or at ,san ,lor5zo #hj #ih ,look+ ,up ! ,*agres f ,san ,lor5zo #ha #ii ,! ,true ,native ,social ,c5t] #hb #ajj ,tropical ,foliage on ! ,c>ibbean #hc #aja ,on ! ,upp] ,*agres #hd #ajb ,native ,panama ,woman #hd #ajc ,a ,"* ( ,colon #he #ajd ,woman ( ! ,*agres ,region #he #aje ,ne> a ,conv5t at ,old ,panama #hg #ajf ,casa ,reale or ,k+'s ,h\se #hh #ajg ,! ,ru9$ ,t[] ( ,san ,augu/9e #hi #ajh ,wayside ,%r9e on ! ,savanna ,road #ij #aji ,ar*$ ,bridge at ,old ,panama1 ,almo/ #djj ,ye>s ,old #ia #aaj ,foliage on ! ,canal ,zone #ib #aaa ,! ,*agres ,above ,san ,lor5zo #ic #aab ,9 ! ,crypt ( ,old ,san ,augu/9e #id #aac ,a ,woman ( ,old ,panama #id #aad ,wa% ,day at ,taboga #ie #aae ,a ,/reet 9 ,cruces #if #aaf ,break+ ,waves at ,old ,panama #if #aag ,old ,bell at ,rem$ios1 #afhb #ig #aah ,! ,beetl+ ,cliffs ( ! ,upp] ,*agres #ig #aai ,! ,roots ,rea* ,d[n ,seek+ = ,soil #ih #abj ,bluff ne> ,toro ,po9t #ii #aba 8,:e!r ! ,tree or ! ,wall is ,/\t] is a ,problem0 #ajj #abb ,san ,pablo ,lock 9 ,fr5* ,days #aja #abc ,"p ( ! ,sea ,wall at ,panama #ajb #abd ,! ,pelicans 9 ! ,bay ( ,panama #ajc #abe ,! ,road f ,panama to ,la ,boca #ajd #abf ,! ,city ,p>k ( ,colon #aje #abg ,*ildr5 9 a ,native ,hut #aje #abh ,! ,wat] ,front ( ,panama #ajf #abi ,! ,wat] ,gate ( ,panama #ajf #acj ,entrance to ,m\nt ,hope ,cemet]y #ajg #aca ,ca!dral ,plaza1 ,panama #ajh #acb ,av5ida ,c5trale #aji #acc ,ancon ,hill at ,sunset #aaj #acd ,ab&on$ ,fr5* ,ma*9]y on ! ,canal #aaj #ace ,ov]:elm$ by ! ,jungle #aaa #acf ,a ,lott]y ,ticket ,sell] #aab #acg ,ma*9]y ,seem+ly z ,hopeless z ?is 0 ,recov]$1 ,clean$ & set to ,"w #aab #ach ,! ,p[] ( ! ,jungle #aac #aci ,la ,folie ,d+l] #aad #adj ,ne> ! ,pacific ,entrance to ! ,canal #aad #ada ,:]e ! ,fr5* ,did ,_! ,be/ ,"w #aae #adb ,an ,old ,spani% ,*ur* #aaf #adc ,juncture ( ,fr5* & ,am]ican ,canals #aaf #add ,"p ( ! ,toll ( ,life #aag #ade ,! ,ancon ,hospital ,gr\nds #aah #adf ,a ,sunk5 ,railroad #aah #adg ,a ,zone ,work+ ,village #aai #adh ,negro ,qu>t]s1 ,fr5* ,t[n ( ,empire #abj #adi ,fil? t w\ld ,drive a ,b]k%ire f 8 ,/y #aba #aej ,canal ,valley ne> ,p$ro ,miguel #abb #aea ,panama ,soldi]s ,go+ to ,*ur* #abc #aeb ,! ,(ficial ,umpire1 ,cocle #abd #aec ,! ,man & ! ,ma*9e #abe #aed ,l&+ ,pigs = ,m>ket #abf #aee ,! ,trail ne> ,culebra #abf #aef ,9 ! ,banana ,c\ntry1 on ! ,coa/ ne> ,bocas del ,toro #abg #aeg ,! ,be/ ,resid5ce ,section1 ,colon #abh #aeh ,! ,old ,fire ,ci/]n1 ,panama #abi #aei ,! ,two ,presid5ts3 ,roosevelt & ,amador #acj #afj ,*olo ,*ief & ,8 ,?ird ,wife #aca #afa ,native ,h\se & ,gr\p at ,pu]ta ,p9as #aca #afb ,:at ,!y ,call a ,/reet 9 ,taboga #acb #afc ,h9doo ,m]*ants on ! ,zone #acb #afd ,*am ,bea*1 ,pacific ,coa/ #acc #afe ,fr5* ,dry ,dock1 ,cri/obal #acc #aff ,:at ! ,"w ,exp5d$ on ! ,canal ,might ,h ,done #acd #afg ,a ,graphic ,comp>ison #acd #afh ,:at ! ,panama ,concrete ,w\ld ,d #ace #afi ,proportions ( ,"s ( ! ,canal ,"w #ace #agj ,! 8,spoil0 f ,culebra ,cut ,w\ld ,d ,?is #ace #aga ,9 a ,typical ,lock #ace #agb ,lock at ,p$ro ,miguel ,"u ,con/ruction #acg #agc ,range ,t[] at ,pacific ,entrance #ach #agd ,bird's ,eye ,view ( ,p$ro ,miguel ,locks #ach #age ,! ,vegetable ,m>tyrs #aci #agf ,native ,/reet at ,taboga #adj #agg ,gamboa ,bridge ) ,*agres at ,flood #ada #agh ,! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,club ,h\se at ,gatun #ada #agi ,work+ 9 ,culebra ,cut #adb #ahj ,miraflores ,lock 9 ,m>*1 #aiac #adc #aha ,naos1 ,p]ico & ,flam5co ,isl&s to be ,=tifi$ #adc #ahb ,beg9n+ ( ,new ,balboa ,docks #add #ahc ,! ,old ,pacific ,mail ,docks at ,balboa #add #ahd ,! ,pacific ,gateway #ade #ahe ,complet$ ,canal at ,corozal #adf #ahf ,tunnel = ! ,obispo ,div]sion ,canal #adg #ahg ,! ,two ,colonels #adh #ahh ,a ,walk at ,ancon #adi #ahi ,9 ! ,hospital ,gr\nds #adi #aij ,fr5* ,cottages on ! ,wat] ,front1 ,cri/obal #aej #aia ,pay ,day = ! ,black ,labor #aea #aib ,9 ,wallace's ,"t #aeb #aic ,! ,fumigation ,brigade #aec #aid ,typical ,scre5$ ,h\ses #aed #aie ,a ,/reet ,aft] ,pav+ #aed #aif ,/ockade = ,petty ,canal ,zone ,(f5d]s #aee #aig ,hospital ,build+s1 ,unit$ ,fruit ,co4 #aee #aih ,beg9n+ ! ,new ,docks1 ,cri/obal #aef #aii ,a ,back ,/reet 9 ,colon #aeg #bjj ,/eam ,%ovel at ,"w #aeh #bja ,! ,balboa ,road #aeh #bjb ,a ,drill ,b>ge at ,"w #aei #bjc ,pacific ,entrance to ! ,canal #afj #bjd ,col4 ,goe?als at ,8 ,desk #afa #bje ,railway ,/ation at ,gatun #afb #bjf ,presid5t ,taft ,arrives #afb #bjg ,col4 ,goe?als ,review+ ! ,m>9es at ,camp ,elliott #afc #bjh ,presid5t ,taft & 8! ,colonel0 #afd #bji ,big ,guns = ,canal ,def5ce #afd #baj ,col4 ,goe?als ,enc\rages ! ,national ,game #afe #baa ,old ,fr5* ,ladd] ,dr$ges ,/ill ,us$ #aff #bab ,! ,colonel's ,daily ,/roll #aff #bac ,a ,side ,drill ,crew at ,"w #afg #bad ,! ,colonel's ,fireworks #afh #bae ,a ,heavy ,bla/ ,"u ,wat] #afh #baf ,! ,colonel's ,daily ,meal #afi #bag 8,! ,goe?als' ,own0 9 ,action #afi #bah ,bas ,obispo ,end ( ,culebra ,cut #agj #bai ,entrance to ,gatun ,locks #aga #bbj ,i4 ,colon3 ,^! ,pictures 9 ,ord] =m a ,panorama ( ! ,colon ,wat] ,front #agb #bba ,,ii4 ,colon3 ,"p ( ! ,resid5tial ,di/rict on ! ,wat] ,front #agc #bbb ,,iii4 ,colon3 ,panama ,railroad & ,royal ,mail ,docks #agc #bbc ,,iv4 ,colon3 ,! 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,mak+ #ahf #bdg ,! ,*agres1 ,%[+ ,obs]v]'s ,c> #ahg #bdh ,fluviograph at ,bohio1 n[ ,subm]g$ #ahh #bdi ,automatic ,fluviograph on ,gatun ,lake #ahh #bej ,! ,village ( ,bohio1 n[ ,subm]g$ #ahi #bea ,/eps ,lead+ to ,fluviograph ,/ation at ,alhajuela #aij #beb ,a ,light ,h\se 9 ! ,jungle #aij #bec ,! ,riv]side ,m>ket at ,mata*9 #aia #bed ,railroad ,bridge ,ov] ! ,*agres at ,gamboa #aib #bee ,a ,quiet ,bea* on ! ,*agres #aib #bef ,pol+ ,up ! ,rapids #aic #beg ,con/ruction ,"w on ! ,spillway #aic #beh ,wat] ,gates 9 ,lock ,wall #aid #bei ,! ,lake ,above ,gatun #aid #bfj ,h[ ,!y ,ga!r at ! ,riv] #aie #bfa ,wa%]wom5's ,%elt]s by ! ,riv] #aif #bfb ,a ,f]ry on ! ,upp] ,*agres #aif #bfc ,! ,mu* ,priz$ ,iguana #aig #bfd ,cruces--,a ,little ,t[n ) a ,long ,hi/ory #aih #bfe ,a ,native ,*>coal ,burn] #aih #bff ,! ,natives' ,aft]noon ,tea #aii #bfg ,pi]s ( ! ,ab&on$ ,panama ,railway #bjj #bfh ,work+ on ,?ree ,levels #bja #bfi ,! ,orig9al ,culebra ,slide #bjb #bgj ,slide on ,we/ ,bank ( ! ,canal ne> ,culebra #bjc #bga ,attack+ ! 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,wat] ,front at ,colon #cdb #dif ,negro ,qu>t]s at ,cri/obal #cdc #dig ,labor ,tra9 at ,ancon #cdd #dih ,negro ,sleep+ ,qu>t]s #cdd #dii ,a ,workm5's ,sleep+ ,c> #cde #ejj ,a ,workm5's ,d9+ ,c> #cde #eja ,old ,fr5* ,bucket ,dr$ges #cdf #ejb ,old ,fr5* ,bridge at ,bas ,obispo #cdf #ejc ,! ,relaxation ( ,pay ,day #cdg #ejd ,bas ,obispo z ! ,fr5* ,left x #cdg #eje ,convicts ,build+ a ,commission ,road #cdh #ejf ,con/ruction ,"w ,%[+ ,concrete ,c>ri]s & ,m\lds #cdi #ejg ,h[ ! ,natives ,ga!r ,cocoanuts #cej #ejh ,look+ ,d[n ,miraflores ,locks #cej #eji ,hospital at ,bocas #cea #eaj ,new ,am]ican ,docks at ,cri/obal #cea #eaa ,ox ,me?od ( ,transportation #ceb #eab ,road ,mak+ by ,convicts #ceb #eac ,entrance to ,b\quette ,valley #cec #ead ,cocoanut ,palms ne> ,ancon #cec #eae ,native ,religi\s ,procession at ,*orr]a #ced #eaf ,op5+ ! ,cocoanut #ced #eag ,rice ,/ack$ = ,dry+ #cee #eah ,bullock ,c>t 9 ,*orr]a #cee #eai ,sun ,sett+ 9 ! ,atlantic at ,ligh?\se ,po9t #cef #ebj ,! ,fruitful ,mango ,tree #ceg #eba ,complet$ ,canal ne> ,gatun #ceh #ebb ,travel+ ,cranes at ,miraflores #ceh #ebc ,! ,review at ,"o ( ! ,roosevelt ,receptions #cei #ebd ,pacific ,flats ,left by ,rec$+ ,tide #cei #ebe ,a ,:al] at ,pe>l ,isl& #cfj #ebf ,an ,old ,well at ,*iriqui #cfj #ebg ,a ,good ,yield ( ,cocoanuts #cfa #ebh ,*olo ,girls at ! ,/ream #cfa #ebi ,%ipp+ at ,balboa ,docks #cfb #ecj ,expla9+ x to ! ,boss #cfc #eca ,spani% ,mona/]y at ,panama #cfd #ecb ,*oco ,indian ( ,sanbu ,valley #cfd #ecc ,! ,ris+ ,g5]ation #cfe #ecd ,ancon ,hill1 ,:]e ,am]icans ,live 9 ,com=t #cfe #ece ,gatun ,lake1 ,%[+ ,small ,float+ ,isl&s #cff #ecf ,a ,spectacul> ,bla/ #cfg #ecg ,! ,fir/ ,view ( ,colon #cfg #ech ,a ,por* at ,culebra #cfh #eci ,av5ida ,c5trale1 ,panama1 ne> ! ,/ation #cfh #edj ,9 a ,*iriqui ,t[n #cfi #eda ,a ,m\nta9 ,riv] 9 ,*iriqui #cfi #edb ,bit+ ,?r\gh a ,slide3 ,five ,cubic ,y>ds p] ,bite #cgj #edc ,commiss>y ,build+ & ,front ,/reet1 ,colon #cga #edd ,p$ro ,miguel ,locks #cgb #ede ,detail ,con/ruction ( a ,lock #cgc #edf ,a ,gr\p ( ,guaymi ,girls #cgd #edg ,a ,zone ,sign ( ,civilization #cgd #edh ,"p ( ! ,complet$ ,canal #cge #edi ,8 ,morn+ ,tub #cge #eej ,native ,girl1 ,*orr]a ,prov9ce #cgf #eea ,native ,boy1 ,*orr]a ,prov9ce #cgf #eeb ,p>k at ,david #cgg #eec ,ma9 ,/reet1 ,*orr]a #cgg #eed ,a ,placid ,back ,wat] 9 ,*iriqui #cgh #eee ,gatun ,lake4 ,float+ ,isl&s ,mass$ ,aga9/ ,tre/le #cgi #eef ,guide ,wall at ,miraflores #chj #eeg ,pol+ ,ov] ! ,%all[s #cha #eeh ,! ,spillway ,almo/ ,complete #cha #eei ,san ,blas ,lugg] 9 ,port #chb #efj ,! ,beg9n+ ( a ,slide #chb #efa 8,mak+ ! ,dirt ,fly0 #chc #efb ,! ,happy ,*ildr5 ( ! ,zone #chc #efc ,map ( ! ,panama ,cut(f #che #efd ,an ,eruption ( ! ,canal ,b$ #chf #efe ,culebra ,cut on a ,hazy ,day #chh #eff ,bird's-,eye ,view ( ,miraflores ,lock #chi #efg ,h&l+ ,brok5 ,rock #cij #efh ,lock ,con/ruction ,%[+ ,conduits #cij #efi ,travel+ ,crane ,h&l+ ,concrete 9 ,lock-,build+ #cia #egj ,tivoli ,hotel f ,hospital ,gr\nds #cib #ega ,me/izo ,girl ( ,*orr]a #cib #egb ,h[ ,corn is ,gr\nd #cic #egc ,!y ,us$ to d ,?is 9 ,new ,engl& #cic #egd ,pile-,driv] & ,dr$ge at ,balboa ,dock #cid #ege ,giant ,cem5t ,c>ri]s at ,"w #cie #egf ,tracks ,asc5d+ f ,l[] to ,upp] ,lock #cif #egg ,col4 ,goe?als' ,h\se at ,culebra #cig #egh ,electric ,t[+ ,locomotives on a ,lock #cih #egi ,a ,*ur* 9 ,*orr]a #cii #ehj ,a ,native ,kit*5 #djj #eha ,native ,h\se 9 ,p5om5e #djj #ehb ,giant ,cacti ,(t5 ,us$ = ,h$g+ #dja #ehc ,a ,/reet 9 ,*orr]a #dja #ehd ,! ,t[n ( ,empire1 ,soon to be ,ab&on$ #djb #ehe ,! ,panama ,railroad ,bridge at ,gamboa #djc #ehf ,a ,/reet 9 ,*orr]a #djd #ehg ,a ,pe>l ,isl& ,village #djd #ehh ,diagram ( ,comp>ative ,excavations by ! ,fr5* & ,am]icans 9 ,culebra ,cut #dje #ehi ,view ( ,p$ro ,miguel ,locks ,ne>+ ,completion #dje #eij ,native ,woman1 ,cocle #djf #eia ,riv] ,village 9 ,*iriqui #djf #eib ,! ,pe>l ,isl& ,village ( ,saboga #djf #eic ,! ,tug ,bohio ) ,b>ges 9 ,middle ,gatun ,lock #djh #eid ,look+ ,d[n ,canal f ,miraflores ,lock to ! ,pacific #djh #eie ,culebra ,cut ,p>tially ,fill$ ) ,wat] #dji #eif ,float+ ,isl&s 9 ,gatun ,lock ,entrance #daj #eig ,! ,fir/ ,boat ,?r\gh4 ,i4 #daa #eih ,! ,flag 9 ,two ,oceans #dab #eii ,! ,cont95t's ,backbone ,brok5 #dac #fjj ,! ,fir/ ,boat ,?r\gh4 ,,ii4 #dad ,,copyright1 #aiad1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright1 8,,panama ,,& ,,! ,,canal0 ,,introduction ,panama4 ,!y say ! ^w means 8a place ( _m fi%es10 b !re is "s diss5sion ab\t ! exact d]ivation ( ! "n ( ! n[ sev]$ ,i/hmus4 ,inde$ diss5sion1 qu>rels1 w>s & massacres h be5 ! prime *>act]i/ics ( ,panama = f\r hundr$ ye>s4 8,a place ( _m battles0 w\ld be a m fitt+ significance = ! "n ( ?is t9y spot :]e man has be5 do+ ceaseless battle ) man s9ce hi/ory rose to record ! conflicts4 ,z deadly z ! w>s betwe5 m5 ( ho/ile races1 has be5 ! unceas+ /ruggle betwe5 man & nature4 ,y w get "s fa9t idea ( ! toll ( life tak5 9 ?is conflict if f ,cri/obal y w drive out to ! picturesque cemet]y at ,m\nt ,hope & look ^u ! almo/ int]m9able vi/a ( little :ite head/ones4 ,ea* m>ks ! la/ re/+ place ( "s poor fell[ fall5 9 ! w> ) fev]1 mal>ia & all ( tropic nature's fi]ce & fatal allies aga9/ all conqu]+ man4 ,t w> is nev] end$4 ,! ,engli% & ! ,spani>ds h laid d[n _! arms4 ,cimm>oon & conqui/adore1 pirate & buccane] no long] /eal /eal?ily along ! n>r[ jungle trails4 ,b let man =get = a :ile 8 vigilance & ! rank1 lu% gr[? ( ! jungle creeps ov] 8 cle>+s1 8 roads1 8 ma*9]y1 envelop+ all 9 morphic arms ( vivid gre51 delicate & beautiful to look ^u1 b t\gh1 /ubborn & fi]cely resi/ant :5 attack$4 ,poison$ sp9es gu>d ! sl5d] t5drils t cl+ s t5aci\sly to e vantage po9t4 ,insects innum]able are %elt]$ by ! vegetable *evaux-de-frise & 9 turn protect x f ! assaults ( any human enemy4 ,giv5 a few mon?s to re/abli% itself & ! jungle1 once subdu$1 pres5ts to man aga9 a defiant & an almo/ imp5etrable front4 ,we boa/ t we h conqu]$ nature on ! ,i/hmus1 b we h m]ely won a truce along a comp>atively n>r[ /rip betwe5 ! oceans4 ,et]nal vigilance w be ! price ( safety ev5 !re4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti]4 ,c\rtesy ,am]ican ,geographic ,magaz9e4 ,wa%+ton4 ,,! ,,s5t9el ,,tree ,if t c\ntry alone is happy ^: hi/ory is un9t]e/+1 !n sorr[ mu/ h be5 ! orda9$ lot ( ,panama4 ,visit$ fir/ by ,columbus 9 #aejb1 at :i* "t ! great navigator put =? e ef=t to f9d a /rait lead+ ?r\gh to ! ,ea/ ,indies1 x has figur$ l>gely 9 ! pages ( hi/ory ev] s9ce4 ,consid]able cities ( ,spani% f\ndation rose !re :ile our own ,jame/[n & ,plym\? 7 /ill unimag9$4 ,! ,spani>ds 7 build+ massive walls1 erect+ masonry *ur*es1 & pav+ royal roads d[n !re 9 ! jungle long be=e ! palisades & log huts ( ,plym\? rose on ! s&y %ores ( ,cape ,cod ,bay4 ,if ! ru9s ( ! fir/ city ( ,panama1 drap$ ) tropical v9es1 are all t rema9 ( t once royal city1 its successor f\nd$ 9 #afgc /ill /&s ) p>ts ( ! orig9al walls /urdily resi/+ ! onslaught ( "t4 ,x appe>s !re are c]ta9 advantages ab\t geographical littl5ess4 ,if ,panama _h be5 big ! eyes ( ! _w w\ld nev] h be5 fa/5$ ^u x4 ,in/9ctively ,columbus s\ght 9 ea* ( its bays1 op5+ f ! ,c>ibbean t /rait :i* %\ld lead to f> ,ca?ay4 ,seek+ ! same my?ical passage ,balboa !re climb$ a hill :]e 8--) eagle eyes1 ,he />'d at ! ,pacific--& all 8 m5 ,look'd at ea* o!r ) a wild surmise ,sil5t ^u a peak 9 ,d>i540 ,hope ( a natural /rait ab&on$1 ! n>r[ness ( ! ,i/hmus made x ! %orte/ r\te = ,cortez1 ,piz>ro & o!r fam\s ,spani% robb]s & murd]]s to foll[ 9 _! que/ = ! gold ( ! ,incas4 ,z ! ,spani>ds spoil$ ,p]u1 s ! buccane]s & o!r pirates1 belong+ to =eign nations1 robb$ & murd]$ ! ,spani>ds4 ,! gold fev] fill$ ! n>r[ ,i/hmus full ( graves1 & ( mold]+ bodies = :i* !re 0 n ev5 ha/y sepulture4 ,9 "t ! ,p]uvian ho>ds 7 exhau/$1 ,spani>ds & ,engli%m51 buccane]s & pirates vani%$4 ,!n came a new invasion--?is "t by a nation unkn[n 9 ! days ( ! ,great ,trade & ! ,royal ,road4 ,gold _h be5 discov]$ 9 ,cali=nia1 & n[ troops ( ,am]icans f\ght _! way ?r\gh ! jungle1 & brea/$ ! rapids ( ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,!y s\ght gold z _h ,piz>ro & ,cortez1 b !y s\ght x ) spade & pan1 n ) sword & musket4 ,9 _! wake came ! ,panama ,railroad1 a true pione] ( int]national trade4 ,!n sprung up once m ! dem& = ! wat]way across ! neck :i* ,columbus _h s\ght 9 va94 ,! /ory ( ! inception & completion ( ! canal is ! truly great *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( ,panama4 ,n all ! gold f poor ,p]u t ,piz>ro s5t across ! ,i/hmus to fatt5 ! c(f]s ( k+s or to awak5 ! cupidity & cunn+ ( ! buccane]s equals :at ! ,unit$ ,/ates alone has exp5d$ to give to ! trade ( ! _w ! highway s long & s fruitlessly s\ght4 ,an act ( unselfi% b\nty1 freely giv5 to all ! peoples ( ! e>?1 comes to oblit]ate at la/ ! long record ( int]national p]fidy1 piracy & plund] :i* is ! hi/ory ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sc5e ,,on ,,otoque ,,isl&1 ,,panama ,,bay ,?is book is be+ writt5 9 ! la/ days ( con/ructive "w on ! ,panama ,canal4 ,! t5s ( ?\s&s ( workm51 ! hundr$s ( (fic]s are prep>+ to scatt] to _! homes 9 all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,! pleasant & hospitable society ( ! ,zone ( :i* ,i h writt5 is break+ up4 ,villages are be+ ab&on$1 & ! wat] ( ,gatun ,lake is sil5tly creep+ up & ! gre5 advance gu>d ( ! jungle swiftly /eal+ ov] ! =sak5 gr\nd4 ,:ile ?is book is yet new mu* t ,i h writt5 ( z "p ( ! program ( ! future w inde$ h become "p ( ! record ( ! pa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,rank1 ,,lu% ,,gr[? ,,( ,,! ,,jungle ,i ?9k t anyone :o visit$ ! ,canal ,zone dur+ ! latt] ye>s ( con/ruction "w w h c>ri$ away ) him a v pleasant & lively recollection ( a social life & hospitality t 0 q ideal4 ,! (ficial c5t]s at ,culebra & ,ancon1 ! qu>t]s ( ! army at ,camp ,otis & ! navy & m>9e corps at ,camp ,elliott 7 ev] ready to ent]ta9 ! visitor f ! /ates & 8 enjoym5t 0 necess>ily t+$ ) regret t ! *>m+ homes ?r[n op5 to him 7 b ephem]al1 & t ! passage ( ! fir/ %ip ?r\gh ! canal w\ld m>k ! beg9n+ ( _! dismantl+ & ab&onm5t4 ,! practic$ travel] 9 e clime w f9d ?is eag]ness ( ^? :o hold national outpo/s1 :e!r ours 9 ! ,philipp9es1 or ! ,briti% 9 ,india & ,hong ,kong1 to ext5d ! glad h& ( welcome to "o f home1 b n[h]e h ,i f\nd x s ?or\ghly ! cu/om z on ! ,canal ,zone4 ,no ,am]ican ne$ fe> lonel9ess :o goes !re4 ,9 ! *apt] on 8,social ,life on ! ,canal ,zone0 ,i h tri$ to depict ?is colonial exi/5ce1 s diff]5t f ! life ( ! same p :5 9 8! /ates0 & yet s full ( a c]ta9 8hom9ess0 aft] all4 ,x does n seem to me t we ,am]icans cl+ to our home cu/oms :5 on =eign /ations q s t5aci\sly z d ! ,briti%--?\gh ,i obs]v$ t ! ,am]icans on ! ,zone play$ baseball q z religi\sly z ! ,briti% play$ cricket4 ,p]haps we are less t5aci\s ( aft]noon tea ?an !y1 b wom5's clubs fl\ri% on ! ,zone z !y d 9 ,kansas1 :ile z = bridge x proce$s z un9t]rupt$ly z ! fl[ ( ! dirt out ( ! ,culebra ,cut4 ,nobody c\ld return f ! ,zone )\t a desire to express ?anks = ! hospitalities %[n him & ! au?or is =tunate 9 possess+ ! opportunity to d s publicly4 ,p>ticul>ly d ,i wi% to ackn[l$ge indebt$ness or aid 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is book to ,col4 ,george ,w4 ,goe?als1 ,*airman & ,eng9e] 9 ,*ief1 & to ,col4 ,w4 ,c4 ,gorgas1 ,commission] & ,*ief ,sanit>y ,(fic]4 ,x goes )\t say+ t )\t ! fri5dly aid & cop]ation ( ,col4 ,goe?als no adequate description ( ! canal "w & ! life ( ! work]s c\ld ev] be writt54 ,to ! !n ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,hon4 ,h5ry ,l4 ,/imson1 "u ^: able adm9i/ration ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,w> mu* ( ! canal progress not$ 9 ?is book 0 made1 ! au?or is indebt$ = p]sonal & (ficial introductions1 & to ,hon4 ,john ,b>rett1 "o "t ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9i/] to ,colombia & n[ ,director ,g5]al ( ! ,pan ,am]ican ,union1 mu* is ow$ = advice & sugge/ion f a m9d ri*ly /or$ ) ,lat9-,am]ican facts4 ,on ! ,canal ,zone ,hon4 ,joseph ,b4 ,bi%op1 ,secret>y ( ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission1 ,hon4 ,maurice ,h4 ,?at*]1 ,civil ,gov]nor1 & ,mr4 ,h4 ,h4 ,r\sseau1 ! naval memb] ( ! ,commission1 7 p>ticul>ly helpful4 ,?anks are cordially ext5d$ to ,pr(4 ,f4 ,a4 ,gause1 ! sup]9t5d5t ( s*ools1 :o has built up on ! ,canal ,zone an educational sy/em t _c fail to affect favorably ! s*ools ( ! surr\nd+ ,republic ( ,panama2 to ,mr4 ,walt] ,j4 ,bey]1 ! eng9e] 9 *>ge ( ligh?\se con/ruction1 & to ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,dickson :o1 by 8 active & devot$ "w 9 ! developm5t ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 clubs on ! ,zone1 has creat$ a feature ( its social life :i* is absolutely indisp5sable4 ,! illu/ration ( a book ( ?is nature w\ld be f> f complete 7 ! "w ( pr(essional photograph]s alone reli$ ^u4 ,( ! army ( amateurs :o h k9dly contribut$ to its pages ,i wi% to ?ank ,pr(4 ,h4 ,pitti] ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,pr(4 ,otto ,lutz1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,natural ,sci5ce1 ,panama ,national ,in/itute2 ,mr4 ,w4 ,ryall ,burtis1 ( ,freehold1 ,n4 ,j42 ,mr4 ,/ew>t ,hancock ,elliott1 ( ,norwalk1 ,conn42 ,mr4 ,a4 ,w4 ,fr5*1 & ,dr4 ,a4 ,j4 ,or5/e9 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,sanitation4 ,! op5+ ( ! ,panama ,canal does n m]ely port5d a new era 9 trade1 or ! end ( ! epo* ( trial & /ruggle on ! ,i/hmus4 ,x has a f9ality su* z h few ( ! great works ( man4 ,n[h]e on ?is globe are !re left two cont95ts to be sev]$2 two oceans to be unit$4 ,canals are yet to be dug1 arms ( ! sea br\ght toge!r4 ,we may yet see inl& *annels f ,bo/on to ,galve/on1 & f ,*icago to ,new ,york navigable by l>ge /eam%ips4 ,b ! union ( ! ,m$it]ranean & ! ,r$ ,sea at ,suez1 & ! ,atlantic & ,pacific at ,panama /& z man's cr[n+ a*ievem5ts 9 remodel+ ,god's _w4 ,z ,ambassador ,james ,bryce1 speak+ ( ! ,panama ,canal1 put x1 8,x is ! greate/ lib]ty ,man has ev] tak5 ) ,nature40 ,illu/ration3 ,,ru9s ,,( ,,old ,,panama ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,front ,,door ,,to ,,panama ,! gray sun ( a bitt] ,febru>y day 0 s9k+ 9 a swirl+ sea z ! %ip dogg$ly pl[$ its way s\?w>d along ! ,new ,j]sey coa/4 ,"o aft] ano!r ! beacons t gu>d t p]il\s /rip ( s& tw9kl$ out1 & "o aft] ano!r voyag]s unus$ to ocean's /ormie/ moods sil5tly disappe>$ into secretive cab9s4 8,x may be a /]n & rockb\nd coa/10 said "o lady ) poetic rem9isc5ce1 8b ,i wi% ,i 0 on x60 ,= x mu/ be set d[n z a melan*oly tru? t ! voyage f ,new ,york to ,colon is z a rule tempe/u\s4 ,mo/ :o seek ! ,canal ,zone z m]e sightse]s w *oose w9t] = ! trip1 at :i* "t w9try gales are ! rule z f> s\? z ! ,bahamas--aft] :i* ! long smoo? roll]s ( ! tropical ocean w suffici5tly try ! unaccu/om$ /oma* ev5 ?\gh ! breezes :i* accompany !m be z mild z ^? ( ,araby ! ble/4 ,9 brief1 to rea* 9 w9t] our newe/ possession y mu/ brave ! ord9>y discom=ts ( a r\gh voyage1 & ?ree days ( bit+ cold wea!r z well1 unless y sail f ,new ,orleans1 or ! t]m9us ( ,mr4 ,flagl]'s new ov]-sea railroad at ,key ,we/4 ,despite its i/hmian "*1 ! ,canal ,zone1 ,uncle ,sam's mo/ s\!rly outpo/1 may be call$ an isl&1 = ! travel]s' purpose4 ,true x is bord]$ on b two sides by wat]1 & ?us f> violates ! def9ition ( an isl&4 ,b x is only to be rea*$ by wat]4 ,! o!r two sides are wall$ 9 by ! tangl$ jungle :]e vegetation gr[s s rank & lu% t animal life is /unt$ & beat5 9 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce by ! t[]+ palms1 clu/]+ f]ns & creep+ v9es4 ,only ?+s t crawl on _! bellies l ! s]p5t accurs$ 9 ,ed5 gr[ to _! fulle/ e/ate 9 ?is network ( ru/l+ gre54 ,lions !re are1 by ! talk ( ! natives at lea/1 b :5 y enc\nt] !m !y turn out to be m]e /unt$ specim5s ( our nor!rn wild cat4 ,! de]1 r>ely met1 are dw>f$ b are ! l>ge/ animals to be f\nd 9 ! jungle1 ?\gh "o he>s reports ( giant boas4 ,inde$ ! remnants ( ! age ( reptiles are l>ge to our eyes1 ?\gh puny 9 comp>ison ) ! giants t sci5ti/s *ri/5$1 long c5turies aft] !y 7 ext9ct & unable to prote/1 ) su* names z i*?yosaurus4 ,y w /ill f9d liz>ds or iguana1 ?ree to five feet long1 if y\r se>* ( ! jungle be ?or\gh4 ,! tapir1 or ant eat]1 too1 gr[s to huge size4 ,b x is n dread ( wild animals t keeps man f p5etrat+ ! jungle4 ,! swift gr[+ & imp5etrable vegetation blocks ! pa?s z fa/ z cut1 & he :o w\ld seek ! ,canal ,zone mu/ foll[ ! olde/ ( highways1 ! sea4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tree ,,gr[+ ,,out ,,( ,a ,,*imney ,,9 ,,jamaica ,if ,new ,york be ! port ( dep>ture1 sev]al l9es (f] !mselves to ! travel]1 & soon aft] ! canal is op5$ _! numb] w be increas$4 ,at pres5t ! ,panama ,railroad ,company1 own$ by ! gov]nm5t1 ma9ta9s a l9e ( %ips ma9ly = ! c>riage ( supplies & employes ( ! ,canal ,commission4 ,!re is already discussion ( ! wisdom ( ab&on+ ?is l9e aft] ! con/ruction "w is ov]1 on ! gr\nd t ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t has no "r to ent] into ! bus9ess ( wat] transportation 9 competition ) private p>ties4 ,if sold by ! gov]nm5t1 h[ev]1 ! l9e w d\btless be ma9ta9$ "u private own]%ip4 ,! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company1 an ,am]ican corporation ) an impressive fleet ( %ips all fly+ ! ,briti% flag1 also c>ries pass5g]s to ! ,i/hmus f ,new ,york & ,new ,orleans1 z does ! ,hamburg-,am]ican ,l9e1 f ,new ,york only4 ,my own voyage 0 by ! ,royal ,mail ,/eam ,packet l9e1 an hi/oric organization *>t]$ 9 #ahci = ! express purpose ( br++ ,engl& into clos] t\* ) its ,we/ ,indian colonies4 ,! excell5t %ips ( ?is l9e1 sail+ =tnightly f ,new ,york1 t\* at ! little port ( ,antilla on ! nor!rn %ore ( ,cuba1 sp5d tw5ty-f\r h\rs at ,jamaica & rea* ,colon on ! eigh? day ( ! voyage4 ,!nce ! %ip pl[s along ?r\gh our ,am]ican ,m$it]ranean1 t\*+ at ,tr9idad1 ,/4 ,kitts1 ,b>badoes & o!r ,briti% colonial outpo/s until at la/ %e turns into ! op5 ocean1 buffet+ h] way ea/w>d to ,gibralt> & ,s\?ampton1 h] home port4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cane ,,riv] ,,falls ,a real bit ( ,engl& afloat is ! 8,oruba0 ) (fic]s clad on fe/ive occasions 9 full dress uni=ms closely resembl+ ^? ( ! ,royal ,navy1 & /ew>ds :o nev] dropp$ di%es 9 a /orm b dropp$ _! h's on ! slighte/ provocation4 8',e's 9 ! 'old1 mum10 expla9$ "o :5 a lady inquir$ = ! :]eab\ts ( a miss+ dog4 ,x is wond]ful aft] all h[ p]si/5t are ! ,briti% mann]s & cu/oms 9 ! places ! ,engli% frequ5t4 ,f ! breakfa/ tea1 bloat]s & m>malade1 to ! fi% knives s5sibly s]v$ ) t c\rse at d9n]1 b :i* f9icky ,am]icans abjure1 all ab\t ! table on ^! %ips is typically ,engli%4 ,9 ! colonies y f9d driv]s all turn+ to ! left1 ?+s are done 8directly0 & n 8"r away10 e villa has its t5nis c\rt1 & ,piccadilly1 ,bond ,/41 & ,reg5t ,/reet are nev] miss+ f ! smalle/ colonial t[ns4 ,b to return to ! voyage4 ,= f\r days we /eam$ s\? along a c\rse z /raight z ?\gh drawn by a rul]4 ,= ?ree days ! w9d blew bitt] & cutt+1 ! seas buffet$ ! wea!r side ( ! %ip ) res\nd+ bl[s1 & ! big d9+ saloon display$ a begg>ly array ( empty seats4 ,betwixt u & ,africa 0 no?+ b a cle> c\rse = w9d & wave1 & bo? seem$ to suff] f spe$ mania4 ,/range noises rose f ! cab9s2 /ew>desses look$ bus9ess-l & all-compell+ z !y glid$ along ! n>r[ corridors4 ,h>d5$ m5 9 ! smoke room kept _! spirits up by p\r+ spirits d[n1 & agre$ t ! fir/ leg ( a voyage to ,colon 0 always a bea/ly "o4 ,b by ! morn+ ( ! f\r? day a *ange comes ov] ! _s ( our dreams4 ,! w9d /ill bl[s1 b x is s(t1 temp]$ to ! %orn lamb4 ,! %ip /ill rolls1 b ! my/]i\s organ call$ ! /oma* has become attun$ to ! motion & ladies beg9 to reappe> on ! deck4 ,! deck *airs s bli!ly r5t$ at ,new ,york are no long] unt5ant$1 & we cease to look ^u ! deck /ew>d :o took our money z a confid5ce man4 ,a glance at ! *>t at noon %[s u (f ! nor!rn coa/ ( ,florida & ! deep blue ( ! wat] betok5s ! ,gulf ,/ream4 ,next morn+ m5 beg9 to don _! :ite suits1 & ! sailors w&] ab\t b>efoot$4 ,a bright girl sugge/s t a voyage f ,new ,york to ! tropics is l a %[] ba? tak5 backw>ds1 & we all are glad t ! w>m wat] faucet is at la/ turn$ on4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,road ,,to ,,m>ket ,a typical highway ( ,jamaica1 foll[$ by natives go+ to ,k+/on ,! fir/ l& we sight aft] ! ,j]sey coa/ has fad$ away is ,watl+ ,isl&1 9 ! ,bahamas4 ,ev]ybody looks at x eag]ly--a long1 l[-ly+ coa/ ) a sl5d] ligh?\se1 a fi%+ village & ! wreck ( a squ>e rigg$ vessel pla9ly visible--= ?is is believ$ to be ! fir/ l& sight$ by ,columbus4 ,( t !re is "s debate1 b !re is always debate on %ipbo>d & any ev5t t w furni% a topic is welcome4 ,ev]y?+ ab\t ! %ip n[ has turn$ tropical4 ,! %ady deck becomes popul>1 & ! #bdj p\nd %ip's doctor 9 immaculate :ite l95 ) ! cute/ little %ell jacket aft] ! ,royal ,navy patt]n becomes a subject = wond] & admiration4 ,antilla1 ! fir/ /opp+ place on ! way s\?1 is a clu/] ( h\ses on a spaci\s bay on ! nor!rn side ( ,cuba1 connect$ ) ,santiago & ,havana4 ,d\btless "s day x may become a notable %ipp+ po9t1 & inde$ ! %ores ( ! bay are dott$ ) great sug> h\ses & c>pet$ ) fields ( %imm]+ gre5 cane4 ,b today only a light] load ( timb] & a few tropical products are %ipp$--t is if we except a bun* ( t\ri/s :o h come ?is f> on ! way to ,colon by rail & ! %ort sea trip f ,florida to ,cuba4 ,mo/ ( !m 7 9 d\bt :e!r !y _h improv$ ^u ! discom=t ( f\r r\gh days at sea by elect+ tw5ty-f\r h\rs ( r\gh rid+ on ! ,cuban railway in/ead4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sports ,,on ,,%ipbo>d ,,! 8,,oruba0 ,pa/ ! qu>ant9e /ation :i*1 ) its r$-topp$ hospital1 looks l a sea%ore resort1 we /eam1 & ! boat's pr[ is aga9 turn$ s\?w>d4 ,jamaica1 our next port ( call1 is ?irty-six h\rs away1 & at la/ we h placid blue wat] f :i* ! fly+ fi% break 9 little cl\ds1 & a breeze sugge/ive ( ! isles ( spice4 ,! %ip's company :i* two days back 0 l>gely cont5t ) cots1 & ! innum]able wor?less rem$ies = seasickness1 always recomm5d$ by p :o don't get sick1 n[ p9es = ex]cise & ent]ta9m5t4 ,"y m5 normally sane1 be/ride an horizontal boom & belabor ea* o!r ) pill[s until "o or bo? fall to ! hospitable mattress bel[4 ,o!r y\?s1 greatly enc\rag$ by ! plaudits ( fair ones1 p]mit !mselves to be truss$ up l f[ls expos$ = sale1 &1 ) unga9ly hops & lur*es1 bunt into ea* o!r until "o is toppl$ to ! deck4 ,! human cockfight br+s l\d applause :i* atta9s its apogee :5 "s spectator at ! critical mom5t ) a %rill cock-a-doodle-doo displays an egg4 ,a %ip 9 ! tropics is ! true/ ( playgr\nds4 ,we are beg9n+ to feel ! cont5t ( j liv+ :i* *>act]izes ! native ( ! tropics4 ,inde$ :5 ! deck is cle>$ & wax$1 & ! wea!r clo?s & color$ lights br\ght =? = ! ball1 mo/ ( ! m5 :o left ,new ,york full ( en]gy f9d !mselves too languid to p>ticipate4 ,i don't "k :e!r ! ,royal ,mail exacts ( its (fic]s an aptitude = ! dance1 b _! trim :ite uni=ms 7 always mu* 9 evid5ce :5 ! two-/ep 0 9 progress4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bog ,,walk1 ,,jamaica ,!re are no bogs along ?is beautiful drive4 ,! "n 0 orig9ally 8,bocas del ,agua10 & has be5 corrupt$ to its pres5t =m ,e>ly on ! second day out f ,cuba a heavy gray mass %[$ cle> on ! horizon to ! s\?we/4 ,x is report$ by ! hi/orians t :5 ,que5 ,isabella once ask$ ,columbus :at ,jamaica look$ l he crumpl$ up a %eet ( /iff pap] 9 8 palm1 !n p>tly smoo?+ x display$ x to ! ,que54 ,! illu/ration 0 apt4 ,n[h]e does a m cr9kly isl& rise f ! sea4 ,up to a height ( #gjjj feet & m ! m\nta9s rise %e] f ! sea ) only "h & !re ! n>r[e/ /rip ( :ite bea* at ! base4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! tropical foliage comes un?9n$ d[n to ! wat]4 ,9 e>ly morn ! cre/s ( ! hills are drap$ ) cl\ds1 & f ! valleys betwixt !m masses ( :ite mi/ come roll+ out z ! rays ( ! sun heat ! atmosph]e4 ,= =ty miles or s y /eam along ?is coa/ ) sc>ce an acre ( level l& betwe5 ! m\nta9s & ! deep until 9 ! di/ance y descry ! holl[ 9 :i* ,k+/on lies emb$d$4 ,a l[ ly+ s& b> runs p>allel to ! %ore & p]haps a mile out1 =m+ ! b>ri] = ! h>bor :i* is inde$ a noble bay well fit to %elt] navies4 ,b ! b>ri]1 ?\gh b a few feet above high wat] n[1 is s9k+ gradually1 & ! future ( ,k+/on's h>bor is some:at di/ress+4 ,once ?is l[ s&b> bore ! mo/ riot\s & wick$ t[n ( hi/ory1 = "h /ood ,port ,royal to :i* flock$ ! pirates & buccane]s ( ! ,spani% ,ma91 ) _! booty--d\bloons1 pieces ( eight1 beaute\s ,spani% seoritas & all ! o!r attractive plund] ) :i* ! dime novels ( our y\? made u famili>4 ,a "r m]ry spot 0 ,port ,royal 9 ^? days & a pi/ol bullet or a swift /ab 9 ! back1 ?\gh common en\gh1 only halt$ ! m]rim5t = "o man at a "t4 ,b fire purg$ ,port ,royal1 & ! pleasant pursuit ( piracy began to fall into disrepute4 ,in/ead ( treat+ ! gallants :o sail$ "u ! ,jolly ,rog] z g5tlem5 adv5tur]s1 civiliz$ gov]nm5ts began to hang !m--,engl& be+ ! la/ to c\nt5ance !m 9 mak+ ,h5ry ,morgan1 wilde/ ( ! reckless lot1 a b>onet1 & appo9t$ him gov]nor ( ,jamaica4 ,n[ ,port ,royal has %runk5 to a fi%+ village1 bord]+ ^u ! ab&on$ ,briti% naval /ation at ! v h>bor's m\?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gov]nm5t ,,build+s1 ,,k+/on ,! special type ( ren=c$ concrete build+s ) broad arcades is well adapt$ to ! tropics ,"o sees !re ! emplacem5ts = guns1 b no guns2 ! b>racks = m>9es1 b no m54 ,ev5 ! flag/aff rises dismally de/itute ( bunt+4 ,no sign ( milit>y or naval life appe>s ab\t ! h>bor4 ,! fir/ "t ,i visit$ x a small ,briti% gunboat ab\t ! size ( our 8,dolph90 dropp$ an*or & s5t f\r boatloads ( jackies a%ore = a frolic1 b on my second visit ! new ,gov]nor ( ! colony arriv$ on a ,royal ,mail %ip1 unescort$ by any arm$ vessel1 & 0 receiv$ )\t milit>y pomp or ! ?und] ( cannon4 ,! fact ( ! matt] is t ! ties unit+ ,jamaica to ! "m c\ntry are ( ! v sl5d]e/1 & x is said t n a few ,jamaicans w\ld welcome a *ange 9 allegiance to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! greate/ product ( ! isl& is sug>4 ,our t>iff policy d5ies x entrance to our m>ket1 ?\gh z ,i write ,congress is debat+ a l[] t>iff4 ,! ,briti% policy ( a 8free breakfa/ table0 gives x no advantage 9 ! ,engli% m>kets ov] ! b\nty-f$ sug> ( ,g]many4 ,h5ce ! isl& is today 9 a /ate ( comm]cial depression almo/ mortu>y4 ,an appeal to ,canada result$ 9 t c\ntry giv+ 9 its t>iff a #bj p] c5t advantage to ! sug> & fruit ( ! ,briti% ,we/ ,indies4 ,?us f>1 h[ev]1 ,jamaica has refus$ ?is half a loaf1 wi%+ ! pref]5tial limit$ to h] products alone4 ,illu/ration3 ,,k+ ,,/reet1 ,,k+/on1 ,,jamaica ,mean:ile ,engli% writ]s ( au?ority are op5ly discuss+ ! likelihood ( ,jamaica rev]t+ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 its ,s\? ,am]ican supplem5t ! ,london ,times said 9 #aiaa1 speak+ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates3 8,its supremacy 9 ! ,gulf ( ,mexico & 9 ! ,c>ibbean ,sea is today practically undisput$2 !re c be little d\bt1 !re=e1 t ! isl&s ( ! ,we/ ,indies & ! outly+ units ( ,spani% ,am]ica w1 ^u ! completion ( ! ,panama ,canal1 gravitate 9 due c\rse to amalgamation ) ! ,great ,republic ( ! ,nor?40 ,& ,mr4 ,ar*ibald ,colquh\n1 an au?oritative writ] on ,briti% ,we/ ,indian policy1 said ab\t ! same "t3 8,x is c]ta9 t ,jamaica1 & o!r ,we/ ,indian ,isl&s1 9 view ( ! local geographical & economic conditions--& especially 9 view ( ! *ange :i* w be wr\ght 9 ^? conditions by ! op5+ ( ! ,panama ,canal--mu/ soon] or lat] decide betwe5 ,canada & ! ,unit$ ,/ates40 ,?is situation may lead ! ,imp]ial ,gov]nm5t to ?r[ ,jamaica a sop 9 ! %ape ( heavy exp5ditures = =tifications1 a l>ge resid5t g>rison & a p]man5t naval /ation4 ,b x is unlikely4 ,if ,k+/on is )9 easy /rik+ di/ance ( ! ,canal1 x is )9 easi] /rik+ di/ance ( our p[]ful naval base at ,guantanamo4 ,! monopoly ( /rik+ is n conf]r$ on any "o p[]1 & ! advantage ( /rik+ fir/ w\ld be op5 to ei!r4 ,n impressive z view$ f ! wat]1 ! t[n is ev5 less s :5 consid]$ 9 ! intimacy ( its /reets4 ,an air ( gray melan*oly p]vades x all4 ,9 #aijg an e>?quake r5t ! t[n into fragm5ts1 & ! "w ( rebuild+ is b begun4 ,ru9s confront y on e h&1 ! ru9s ( edifices t 9 _! prime c\ld h be5 no?+ b commonplace1 & 9 ?is day ( _! disa/] h none ( ! dignity :i* we l to discov] 9 mute memorials ( a vani%$ pa/4 ,ov] all broods a dull1 drab mantle ( du/4 ,! glori\s trees1 unexcell$ 9 v>iety & vigor1 h _! ri*ly v>y+ hues dull$ by ! du/1 s t y may n "k h[ sup]b inde$ is ! color+ ( leaf & fl[] except aft] "o ( ! %ort %>p tropical ra9s t wa%es away ! pall & sets ! gutt]s ro>+ ) a *ocolate color$ flood4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jamaica1 ,,:]e ,,motor+ ,,is ,,good ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,duke ,,/reet1 ,,k+/on1 ,,jamaica ,beauty1 dignity & pa?os abide 9 ! resid5ce /reets ( ! anci5t colonial t[n4 ,h>d times = sug> plant]s1 ev5 m ?an ! e>?quake1 h ca/ a gloom ov] ! community4 ,mak+ due all[ance = ! tropical vegetation & ! multitud9\s negro1 !re is mu* t is *>act]i/ically ,engli% ab\t ,k+/on4 ,! h\ses ( ! bett] class ( p1 h[ev] fragile 9 con/ruction1 /& some:at back f ! /reet1 gu>d$ by pond]\s brick walls 9 ord] t ! !ory 8e ,engli%man's h\se is 8 ca/le0 may be lit]ally ma9ta9$4 ,& ea* h\se has its "n pa9t$ conspicu\sly on its gate po/s4 ,! names are emphatically ,engli% & _! gr&eur be>s no app>5t relation to ! size ( ! edifice4 ,sometimes !y rea* into lit]ature4 ,i saw "o six-room cottage label$ 8,birnamwood10 b look$ 9 va9 ab\t ! neighborhood = ,duns9ane4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wom5 ,,on ,,! ,,way ,,to ,,m>ket 8,! woman or ! donkey furni%es transportation0 ,! t[n boa/s a race c\rse1 & ! triple pill>s ( ,engli% social life1 cricket1 lawn t5nis & aft]noon tea1 are mu* 9 evid5ce4 ,! ,gov]nor is always an ,engli%man & 8 home gov]nm5t1 :i* nev] does ?+s by halves1 furni%es him ) a /ately (ficial resid5ce & a sal>y ( #ejjj a ye>4 ,! ,episcopal ,ar*bi%op ( ! ,we/ ,indies resid5t !re is an ,engli%man4 ,b mo/ ( ! heads ( (ficial dep>tm5ts are ,jamaicans1 :i* is q z x %\ld be1 = out ( ! #hej1jjj p 9 ! isl& only ab\t #affj1 accord+ to ! c5sus ( #aiaa1 7 born 9 ,engl&1 ,scotl& or ,irel&4 ,fur!rmore ! numb] ( 8m5 f home0 is relatively decreas+1 al?\gh _! influ5ce is /ill pot5t4 ,ev5 ! native ,jamaican ( ! m cultivat$ class speaks ( ,engl& z home1 & z a rule he sp5ds 8 holidays !re4 ,yet ! ke5e/ obs]v]s decl>e t ! individual ,engli%man 9 ,jamaica always rema9s mu* ( a /rang] to ! native p4 ,he is n z adaptable ev5 z ! ,am]ican1 & x is ass]t$ t ,am]ican influ5ce 9 ! isl& gr[s ev5 z ,briti% dom9ation is weak5$4 ,"o home feature :i* ! ,engli% h impress$ ^u ! isl&s is good roads4 ,! highways lead+ f ,k+/on up into ! hills & across ! isl& to ,port ,antonio & o!r places are models ( road mak+4 ,!y are ( ! highe/ economic value1 too1 = 9 m>ket+ f>m products ! "o railroad is b little us$4 ,ne>ly ev]y?+ is br\ght f f>m to m>ket on ! heads ( ! /rid+ wom51 or 9 /raw panni]s slung ov] ! backs ( pati5t donkeys4 ,amaz+ are ! loads ^! two pati5t bea/s ( burd5--bip$ & quadrup$--be>4 ,once 9 a :ile a yoke ( ox51 or a "o horse c>t is se51 b 9 ! ma9 ! woman or ! donkey furni%es transportation4 ,to ! ,jamaican !re is no?+ wrong ) ! v]biage ( ! ,t5? ,comm&m5t to :i* our progressive wom5 take viol5t exception4 ,to him !re is no?+ anomal\s 9 lump+ 9 8 or 8 neighbor's wife ) 88 ox or 8 ass40 ,s ! c\ntry roads on a m>ket day are an un5d+ panorama ( human life1 ( wom5 plodd+ to m>ket--(t5 a two days' j\rney--) a long sw++ /ride1 burd5 firmly pois$ on head1 or return+ ) small] loads gossip+ & laugh+ ) mu* gleam+ ( :ite tee? z ! /rang] passes4 ,! roads are a p>adise = automobili/s--smoo?1 ( g5tle grade1 ) easy curves & w9d+ ?r\gh ! mo/ beautiful sc5]y ( tropic hillsides & ru%+ wat]s4 ,only ! all-p]vad+ du/ m>s ! motori/s' pleasure4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,y>d ,,& ,,its ,,t5ants 8,! huts are inconceivably small1 a trifle l>g] ?an billi>d tables0 ,if ! air is du/y1 ! prevail+ complexion is dusky4 ,= 9 ?is isl& ( ab\t #hej1jjj p only ab\t #ae1jjj are li/$ 9 ! c5sus z 8:ite10 & ! :it5ess ( a good _m ( ^! is admitt$ly t>ni%$ by a 8t\* ( ! t>bru%40 ,z 9 e c\ntry 9 :i* any social relation betwe5 ! races is n remorselessly taboo$--z x is 9 our s\!rn /ates--! numb] ( 8color$0 p increases m rapidly ?an t ( ei!r black or :ite4 ,!re 7 9 #ahcd1 #ae1jjj :ites out ( ! population ( #cga1jjj2 !re are today #ae1fje1 b ! blacks & mongrels h increas$ to m ?an #hjj1jjj4 ,! gradations 9 color 9 any /reet gr\p run f ! v pale/ yell[ to ! blacke/ ( ,congo black4 ,t is h>dly ! sort ( population :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates desires to take to its bosom4 ,illu/ration3 ,,coal+ ,,transatlantic ,,/eam%ips ,! ,jamaica negro is a natural loaf]4 ,( c\rse he works :5 he mu/1 b betwixt ! mild climate1 ! k9dly fruits ( ! e>? & ! indu/ry ( 8 wife or wives1 t dire necessity is seldom =c$ ^u him4 ,my fir/ glimpse ( indu/rial conditions 9 ,jamaica 0 tak5 f ! deck ( a %ip w>p+ into dock at ,k+/on4 ,ano!r %ip1 ly+ at ! same dock1 0 be+ coal$4 ,d[n & up ! #ajjj feet or s ( dock tramp$ long files ( indescribably ragg$1 black & dirty figures4 ,^? go+ d[n bore on _! heads baskets pil$ high ) coal1 go+ back !y bore ! baskets empty4 ,( ! m>*+ figures fully two-?irds 7 wom54 ,) tatt]$ skirts tuck$ up to ! knees & ! m]e/ semblance ( wai/s1 b>efoot$1 !y plodd$ along4 ,! baskets c>ri$ ab\t #fe p\nds ( coal ea*1 & = tak+ "o f ! pile & empty+ x into ! %ip's bunk]s ^! wom5 receiv$ half a c5t4 ,!re 0 no m]rim5t ab\t ! "w1 no s++ z among our negro r\/ab\ts on ! ,mississippi4 ,sil5tly ) %\ld]s squ>$1 h&s sw++ 9 rhy?m & basket pois$ firmly on ! head1 ! wom5 /rode along1 work+ ?us = p]haps eight or n9e h\rs & !n flock+ home *att+ noisily z !y d>k5$ ! /reets & =c$ ! :ite-clad t\ri/s to %r9k aside f grimy contact4 ,on ! c\ntry roads y f9d l9es ( wom5 c>ry+ fruit & vegetables to m>ket1 b seldom a man4 ,yet ?us f> t weak] sex has n develop$ a suffragette1 al?\gh !y support ! colony4 ,!re is mu* head "w 9 ,jamaica1 ev5 if !re be little bra9 "w4 ,! negroes c>ry ev]y?+ on _! heads4 ,! only hat ,i saw on a man's k9ky poll 0 an old d]by1 rev]s$1 fill$ ) yams & ?us borne /eadily along4 ,a negro giv5 a lett] to deliv] w usually seek a /one to weight x d[n1 deposit x ?us balla/$ amid/ 8 wool & d ! err&4 ,9 ,panama an eng9e] told me ( ord]+ a gr\p ( ,jamaicans to load a :eel-b>r[ ) /ones & take x to a c]ta9 spot4 8,w\ld y believe x10 he said1 8:5 !y _h fill$ t :eel-b>r[1 two ( ! nigg]s lift$ x to _! companion's head1 balanc$ x & he walk$ (f ) x z cont5t$ z y please40 ,! huts 9 :i* ! negroes live are z a rule inconceivably small4 ,!y are j a trifle l>g] ?an a billi>d table1 built ( wattl$ cane1 & pla/]$ ov] ) clay4 ,! ro( is usually a ?at* ( palm bran*es1 ?\gh sometimes ragg$ /rips ( corrugat$ iron are employ$ ) mu* less arti/ic effect4 ,9 :at corresponds to our t5em5ts1 ! room+ places ( day labor]s1 ! y>d r ?an ! h\se is ! unit4 ,s y w see on a t9y %ack ab\t ! size ( a playh\se = *ildr5 ! sign1 8,rooms = ,r5t10 :i* applies n to ! pigmy edifice be>+ x1 b to ! clu/] ( huts set d[n helt] skelt] 9 ! y>d4 ,! p sleep 9 ! huts1 incid5tally b>r+ !m s f> z ! flimsy con/ruction p]mits aga9/ any possible entrance ( fre% air4 ,all ! o!r activities ( life are conduct$ 9 ! op5--cook+1 eat+1 sew+1 gossip+4 ,a y>d is ! mo/ social place imag9able1 & ! sy/em n only contributes to heal? by keep+ p 9 ! op5 air1 adds to ! gayety ( life by gr\p+ s _m black families 9 "o corral1 r$uces ! high co/ ( liv+ z our model t5em5ts nev] c hope to1 b makes "o black l&lord indep5d5t1 = ! possession ( a y>d ) its rooms all r5t$ leaves no?+ ne$$ = enjoym5t except a phonograph & an ample supply ( ! rum = :i* ! isl& is fam\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>ket ,,wom5 ,,& ,,_! ,,donkeys ,! true indu/rial =ces ( ,jamaica4 ,m5 are seldom se5 z c>ri]s or sell]s ( produce ,racially ! ,jamaica peasant is a negro1 ) v>y+ admixtures ( :ite blood4 ,! mongrel bre$ is /eadily increas+ & ! pure :ite population relatively decreas+4 ,economically ! peasant is ei!r a day labor] or a s]vant1 & z #dj1jjj are class$ z s]vants 9 a population :]e ! employ+ class is limit$1 x foll[s t employ]s keep _m s]vants & ! supply always exce$s ! dem&4 ,*ildr5 come rapidly to ! ,jamaicans4 ,m>riage is easy & to disp5se ) x easi] /ill1 s t #fb p] c5t ( ! bir?s are illegitimate4 8,my p are v religi\s10 said a mission>y pr\dly1 8b1 de> me1 h[ immoral !y are60 ,:5 girls are ab\t twelve ye>s old ! mo!rs1 tir$ ( support+ !m1 = t task is seldom assum$ by ! fa!rs1 take !m to t[n on ! fir/ m>ket day4 ,! little produce be+ sold1 ! pair proce$ f h\se to h\se seek+ "s 8k9e missus0 :o w take a s*ool girl4 ,9 ! end ! *ild becomes ! prop]ty ( :oev] w clo!1 fe$ & %elt] h]4 ,pay is n expect$1 ?\gh :5 %e gr[s helpful %e is sometimes giv5 an occasional gift ( silv]4 ,! rights ( ! mi/ress are patri>*al1 & :e!r or n %e spoils ! *ild ! rod is seldom sp>$4 ,:5 %e gets to be sev5te5 or s ! girl sudd5ly disappe>s 9 ! night1 ) a bundle ( h] clo?+4 ,! inevitable man has cross$ h] pa? & %e has gone to be 8 companion & slave4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"o ,,way ,,( ,,c>ry+ ,,bananas ,at ! docks ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,co41 me*anical c>ri]s1 s p]fect$ z n to bruise ! fruit1 h replac$ ! leisurely negro ,:5 y ?9k ( x !re is n mu* economic *ange 9 h] situation4 ,%e work$ = h] mi/ress = no?+--%e does ! same = h] husb&1 or m commonly = h] 8fri5d40 ,he may "w spasmodically = h] :5 ! ne$ ( actual money compels1 b z a rule %e is ! wage e>n]4 ,always %e t5ds ! little g>d5 & takes its sl5d] produce to m>ket4 ,sometimes %e jo9s ! coal-be>+ ,amazons d[n at ! /eam%ip docks4 ,(t5 %e goes back to ! family :i* br\ght h] up & (f]s h] s]vices anew--?is "t = a wage4 ,e h\se has two or ?ree boxes a few feet away s]v+ = s]vants' qu>t]s1 b a girl ( ?is type w decl9e ^!1 r5t+ in/ead a %ack 9 a 8y>d10 tak+ !re daily ! mat]ials = h] d9n] usually provid$ by h] mi/ress4 ,at its door1 9 a brazi]1 or a t9y /ove1 %e w cook ! meal = ! idle 8husb&0 & ! *ildr5 :o arrive ) me*anical regul>ity4 ,aft] supp] !re is ! gossip ( ! doz5 or m wom5 9 ! y>d4 ,! rebuild+ ( ,k+/on1 compell$ by ! e>?quake1 is proce$+ apace4 ,! t[n w lose mu* 9 qua9tness1 "o c see t by ! ru9s ( "s ( ! old] /ructures 9 :i* /ately colonial outl9es c be trac$4 ,b x w ga9 9 adaptation to ! climate & ! ev]-pres5t e>?quake m5ace4 ,! ma9 bus9ess /reet--,k+ ,/reet1 ( c\rse1 be+ a ,briti% colony--is l9$ on ei!r side ) arcad$ concrete build+s ( a uni=m type4 ,ceil+s are high1 w9d[s l>ge & "o may walk ! ?ree long blocks ( ! busie/ bus9ess section )\t em]g+ f ! %ady arcades4 ,! gov]nm5t build+s1 occupy+ two full squ>es & sett+ well back f ! /reet1 are ( a type t sugge/s ! /reets ( ,india1 & are also ( re9=c$ concrete4 ,x is ! belief ( ! au?orities t ! comp>ative lightness ( ?is mat]ial c\pl$ ) its resi/ant p[]s w enable x to survive any e>?quake4 ,! :ole p]iod ( ! %ock ( #aijg b>ely exce$$ t5 seconds1 b its wreckage w n be repair$ 9 t5 ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 8,,gw9e ,,to ,,de ,,big ,,job0 ,! c>go t we h tak5 on f ! spice-sc5t$ dock is te*nically call$ a 8c>go ( black ivory10 made up ( negroes sail+ = ,colon to "w on ! 8big job40 ,good-natur$1 gr9n+ negroes ^!1 ?\gh ,i h he>d t1 on ! small] %ips t c>ry !m by hundr$s = ! #ejj miles = five doll>s ea*1 !y sometimes riot & make tr\ble4 ,) u !y 7 in(f5sive1 ?\gh x is p]haps z well t ! pass5g] qu>t]s are to w9dw>d ( !m4 ,! religi\s s5tim5t is /rong ^u !m & z ! sun goes d[n 9 ! wa/e ( wat]s ! wail ( hymn tunes sung to ! accompanim5t ( a fiddle & div]s m\? organs rises ov] ! :i/le ( ! w9d & ! rumble ( ! ma*9]y4 ,"o c b reflect t t5 ye>s ago1 be=e ! com+ ( ,col4 ,gorgas & 8 sanitation sy/em1 ?ree out ( five ( ^! happy1 *e]ful blacks w\ld nev] return alive f ! ,canal ,zone4 ,today !y invite no m risk ?an a bus9ess man 9 ,*icago go+ to 8 (fice1 & :5 _! s]vice is end$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t is obligat$ to return !m to ,jamaica :]e = a "t _! money w make !m ! idols ( ! m>kets1 lanes & y>ds4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,cri/obal-,,colon2 ,,& ,,! ,,panama ,,railroad ,colon is ! mo/ consid]able t[n on ! ,c>ibbean ,coa/ nor? & we/ ( ,c>tag5a4 ,x is 9 fact two t[ns1 ! old] "o :i* is /ill subject to ! jurisdiction ( ! ,republic ( ,panama & :i* is prop]ly call$ ,colon2 & ! new or ,am]ican t[n :i* is 9 ! ,canal ,zone & is call$ ,cri/obal4 ,! two are sep>at$ only by an imag9>y l9e1 ?\gh if y want to mail a lett] 9 ,colon y mu/ use a ,panama /amp1 :ile if y get into tr\ble--civil or crim9al--9 t camp ( b&itti y w h met$ out to y ! p>ticul> =m ( ju/ice :i* ,panamanian judges keep expressly = unlucky ,gr+oes :o fall into _! clut*es4 ,! comb9$ t[ns are call$ ,cri/obal-,colon1 or 9 our v]nacul> ,*ri/oph] ,columbus4 ,! "n is half ,fr5*1 half ,spani%1 & ! t[n is a m$ley ( all nations4 ,= half a c5tury !re has be5 tr\ble ( v>i\s sorts ab\t ! "n ( ! spot--:i* is a sort ( caldron ( tr\ble any way4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates want$ to call ! port ,asp9wall1 aft] ! pr9cipal promot] ( ! ,panama ,railroad :i* _h its t]m9us !re1 b ,colombia1 :i* at t "t controll$ ! ,i/hmus1 insi/$ on ! "n ,colon1 & f9ally en=c$ its cont5tion by refus+ to receive at its po/ (fice lett]s address$ to 8,asp9wall40 ,?is vigor\s action 0 effective & ! ,unit$ ,/ates po/al au?orities 7 oblig$ to notify us]s ( ! mails t !re 0 no long] any su* place on ! _w's map z ,asp9wall4 ,illu/ration3 ,,toro ,,po9t ,,light ,! dignity ( our outrag$ nation _h to be ma9ta9$1 h[ev]1 & :51 a little lat]1 ! commission ( our ,consul at ,colon expir$1 ! ,/ate ,dep>tm5t refus$ to replace him because x ignor$ ! exi/5ce ( su* a place z ,colon1 :ile ,colombia w\ld n admit ! exi/5ce ( an ,asp9wall )9 its bord]s4 ,?us = "s "t a good democrat 0 kept out ( a job--x 0 ! p]iod ( democratic asc5dancy4 ,p]haps x 0 pressure = ?is job t l$ our gov]nm5t to yield4 ,:5 ! ,fr5* began digg+ ! canal !y *ose ,limon ,bay1 ! inlet on :i* ,colon /&s1 z its ,atlantic t]m9us & e/abli%$ a t[n ( _! own :i* !y call$ ,cri/obal1 be+ ! ,fr5* =m ( ,*ri/oph]4 ,h5ce ,cri/obal-,colon1 ! (ficial "n :i* appe>s on all accurate maps ( ! pres5t day4 ,illu/ration3 ,,toro ,,po9t ,,breakwat] ,be=e its con/ruction nor!rs (t5 made ! h>bor ( ,colon unt5able = %ips ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,new ,,cri/obal ,,docks ,x is "o ( ! traditions ( ! t[n t a tramp /eam]1 comm&$ by a ,g]man1 came pl[+ 9 f ! sea "o morn+ &1 pass+ )\t att5tion ! docks ( ,colon1 w5t gaily on up ,limon ,bay until %e ran smack into ! l&4 ,be+ je]$ at = 8 unusual me?od ( navigation ! capta9 produc$ 8 *>ts4 8,t t[n is ,colon8 ,no8 ,is x n s8 ,vell d]e are two t[ns4 ,my port is ,colon4 ,cri/obal comes fir/4 ,i pass x4 ,i g on to ,colon & by ?und] d]e is no ,colon4 ,no?+ b mud40 ,x is record$ t ! skipp]'s explanation 0 accept$ & t he 0 acquitt$ ( wilfully ca/+ away 8 vessel4 ,illu/ration3 8,,palms ,,:i* ,,bl5d ,,) ,,! ,,sea0 ,we rea* ,colon :]e lie ! docks ( ! ,royal ,mail 9 ! e>ly morn+4 ,to ! "r z we /eam into ,limon ,bay is ! long breakwat] ( ,toro ,po9t ext5d+ ?ree miles into ! ,c>ibbean1 ! v fir/ ,atlantic outpo/ ( ! canal4 ,= x 0 necess>y to create "h a l>gely artificial h>bor1 z ,limon ,bay af=ds no safe an*orage :5 ! fi]ce nor!rs sweep d[n along ! coa/4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ,colon1 :5 x 0 ! />t+ po9t ( ! gold seek]s' trail to ,panama1 %ips 9 its h>bor 7 compell$ to cut & run = ! saf]1 ?\gh n[ ab&on$1 h>bor ( ,porto ,bello "s tw5ty miles d[n ! coa/4 ,t condition ! great breakwat] corrects4 ,f ! %ip "o sees a l9e ( l[ hills =m+ ! horizon ) no break or ind5tation to sugge/ t "h man is cutt+ ! n>r[ gate betwe5 ! oceans = ! comm]ce ( ! nations to pass4 ,! t[n at a di/ance is n unprepossess+4 ,:ite h\ses ) r$ ro(s clu/] toge!r on a flat isl& sc>cely above ! wat]1 & along ! sea front l9es ( cocoanut palms b5d be=e ! breeze4 ,no o!r tree seems s fitly to bl5d ) a :ite bea* & blue sea z ?is palm4 ,its natural curves are graceful & *>act]i/ic & 9 a /iff breeze x b[s & sways & ru/les ) a grace & a music all its own4 ,b ! picturesqu5ess ( ,colon does n long survive a clos] approa*4 ,! :ite h\ses are se5 to be m]e frame build+s ( ! lighte/ con/ruction :i* along ! seafront /& out ov] ! wat] on /ilts4 ,no build+ ( any di/9ction meets ! eye1 unless x be ! new ,wa%+ton ,hotel1 a good bit ( ,moori% ar*itecture1 own$ & conduct$ by ! ,panama ,railroad :i* 9 turn is own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! activities ( ,uncle ,sam z a hotel keep] on ! ,i/hmus w be wor? fur!r att5tion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,colon ,,9 #ahhd ,! au?or c\nt$ twelve ocean l9]s "o day at ! docks n[ /&+ at ?is spot ,z we w>p into ! dock we obs]ve t ,colon is a seaport ( "s importance already4 ,! day ,i rea*$ !re la/ ,i c\nt$ six ,briti%1 two ,g]man1 "o ,fr5* & ?ree ,am]ican /eam%ips4 ,! prepond]ance ( ,briti% flags 0 ! fir/ ?+ to cat* ! eye2 & someh[ ! feel+ t1 except = ! ,royal ,mail %ip1 all ! vessels ov] :i* !y 7 wav+ 7 own$ by ,am]ican capital 0 n a little humiliat+4 ,x is q probable t 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> e =eign flag appe>s at ,cri/obal-,colon1 = ! ocean tramp %ips are ev] com+ & go+4 ,9 "t1 too1 ! docks1 :i* are n[ r rickety1 w be wor?y ( ! port1 = ! gov]nm5t is build+ mod]n & massive docks on ! ,cri/obal side ( ! l9e4 ,at pres5t h[ev] "o l&s at ,colon1 :i* has ! disadvantage ( deposit+ y 9 a =eign c\ntry ) all ! annoyances ( a cu/om h\se exam9ation to endure4 ,?\gh y\r de/9ation is ! ,canal ,zone1 only a /one's ?r[ away1 e piece ( baggage mu/ be op5$ & inspect$4 ,! se>* is n v ?or\gh1 & ,i fancy ! ,panama t>iff is n v compreh5sive1 b ! =mality is an irritat+ "o4 ,protective t>iffs w nev] be :olly popul> ) travel]s4 ,! t[n :i* greets ! voyag] em]g+ f ! cool recesses ( ! /eam%ip freight h\se looks some?+ l ! l&w>d side ( ,atlantic ,city's fam\s bo>d walk ) ! upp] /ories ( ! hotels slic$ (f4 ,! build+s are almo/ )\t exception wood1 two /ories high1 & ) wood5 gall]ies rea*+ to ! curb & !re support$ by sl5d] po/s4 ,x does n look =eign--m]ely *eap & tawdry4 ,block aft] block ! l9es ( bus9ess foll[ ea* o!r 9 almo/ unv>y+ sequ5ce4 ,a saloon1 a ,*9ese %op sell+ dry goods & curios1 a kodak %op ) curios1 a saloon1 a lott]y ag5cy1 ano!r saloon1 a money-*ang]'s boo?1 ano!r saloon & s on = :at seems ab\t ! hotte/ & smellie/ half mile "o ev] walk$4 ,!re is no 8o!r side0 to ! /reet1 = !re run ! tracks ( ! ,panama railroad1 beyond !m ! bay1 & fur!r along lies ! ,am]ican t[n ( ,cri/obal :]e !re are no /ores1 b only ! resid5ces & "w %ops ( ,canal work]s4 ,betwe5 ,cri/obal & t9d] box ,colon is a wide space kept cle> ( h\ses z a fire gu>d4 ,colon's population is z mix$ z ! complexions ( its p4 ,x mu/ be admitt$ ) regret t pure ,am]ican names are mo/ 9 evid5ce on ! signbo>ds ( its saloons1 & well-equipp$ /ud5ts ( ! social life ( ! t[n rem>k t ! ,am]ican v]nacul> is ! "o usually proce$+ f ! lips ( ! pr(essional gambl]s4 ,m]*&is+ is 9 ! ma9 9 ! h&s ( ! ,*9ese1 :o compel "o's admiration 9 ! tropics by ! intellig5t way 9 :i* !y h tak5 advantage ( ! laz9ess ( ! natives to capture = !mselves ! be/ places 9 ! bus9ess community4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fire-,,fight+ ,,=ce ,,at ,,cri/obal ,mo/ ( ! p 9 ,colon live ov] _! /ores & o!r places ( bus9ess1 ?\gh back f ! bus9ess section are a few com=table look+ resid5ces1 & ,i notic$ o!rs be+ built on made l&1 z ?\gh ! beg9n+s ( a mild 8boom0 7 app>5t4 ,! new] h\ses are ( concrete1 z is ! municipal build+ & *ief public s*ool4 ,! ,panama ,railroad owns mo/ ( ! l& on :i* ! t[n /&s1 & to :i* x is practically limit$1 & ! road is said to be enc\rag+ ! use ( cem5t or concrete by build]s--an exce$+ly wise policy1 z ! t[n has suff]$ f repeat$ fires1 9 "o ( :i*1 9 #aiaa1 t5 blocks 7 swept away & #abjj p left homeless4 ,! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission ma9ta9s excell5t fire-fight+ =ces bo? 9 ,cri/obal & ,ancon1 & :5 ! local fire dep>tm5ts prov$ impot5t to cope ) ! flames bo? ( ^! =ces 7 call$ into play1 ! ,ancon eng9es & m5 be+ ru%$ by special tra9 ov] ! =ty-five miles ( railroad4 ,( c\rse ! fire 0 9 =eign t]ritory1 b ! ,republic ( ,panama did n res5t ! invasion4 ,s9ce t day _m ( ! new build+s h be5 ( concrete1 b ! prevail+ type ( ar*itecture may be describ$ z a modifi$ r5aissance ( ! m9+ %ack4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,new ,,wa%+ton ,,hotel ,x is idle to look = po9ts ( int]e/ 9 ,colon prop]4 ,!re are none4 ,b ! hi/ory ( ! t[n ?\gh runn+ ov] b sixty ye>s is full ( human int]e/4 ,x did n %>e ) ,panama ! life ( ! ,spani% dom9ation & aggression4 ,columbus1 ,balboa & ! o!r navigators sail$ by its site )\t he$1 mak+ = ,porto ,bello or ,nombre de ,dios1 ! bett] h>bors4 ,san ,lor5zo1 ^: ru9s /& at ! m\? ( ! ,*agres ,riv]1 look$ d[n ^u busy fleets1 & fell be=e ! assaults ( ,sir ,h5ry ,morgan & 8 buccane]s :ile ! coral isl& t n[ upholds ,colon 0 t5ant$ only by pelicans1 alligators & s]p5ts4 ,! life ( man t\*$ x :5 9 #ahej ! ,am]ican railroad build]s det]m9$ to make x ! ,atlantic t]m9us ( ! ,panama road4 ,s9ce !n x nev] has lo/ nor w x lose a true int]national importance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,only ,,/one ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,colon ,! ritual is ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&2 ! congregation almo/ :olly ,jamaica negroes ,manzanilla ,isl&1 on :i* ! great] "p ( ,colon n[ /&s1 0 orig9ally a coral reef1 on :i* tropical vegetation _h tak5 root1 & di$ d[n to furni% soil = a new jungle until by ! repetition ( ?is process ?r\gh ! ages a foot or two ( soil rais$ itself above ! surface ( ! wat] & support$ a swampy jungle4 ,:5 ! eng9e]s fir/ came to locate !re ! beg9n+s ( ! ,panama railroad1 !y 7 compell$ to make _! qu>t]s 9 an old sail+ %ip 9 dang] at all times ( be+ c>ri$ out to sea by a nor!r4 ,9 8 8,hi/ory ( ! ,panama ,railroad10 publi%$ 9 #ahfb1 ,f4 ,n4 ,otis describes ! site ( ! pres5t city :5 fir/ fix$ ?us3 ,illu/ration3 ,,nature ,,( ,,c\ntry ,,ne> ,,colon ,?r\gh ?is wat]-logg$ region ! ,panama railroad 0 built at heavy co/ 9 money & lives 8,?is isl& cut (f f ! ma9l& by a n>r[ fri? conta9$ an area ( a little m ?an "o squ>e mile4 ,x 0 a virg9 swamp1 cov]$ ) a d5se gr[? ( ! tortu\s1 wat]-lov+ mangrove1 & int]lac$ ) huge v9es & ?orny %rubs defy+ entrance ev5 to ! wild bea/s common to ! c\ntry4 ,9 ! black slimy mud ( its surface alligators & o!r reptiles ab\nd$1 :ile ! air 0 lad5 ) pe/il5tial vapors & sw>m+ ) s&flies & mosquitoes4 ,^! la/ prov$ s annoy+ to ! labor]s t unless _! faces 7 protect$ by gauze veils no "w c\ld be done ev5 at midday4 ,resid5ce on ! isl& 0 impossible4 ,! p>ty _h _! headqu>t]s 9 an old brig :i* br\ght d[n mat]ials = build+1 tools1 provisions1 etc41 & 0 an*or$ 9 ! bay40 ,t 0 9 ,may1 #ahej4 ,9 ,m>*1 #aiac1 ! au?or sp5t "s "t 9 ,colon4 ,excell5t meals 7 enjoy$ 9 a some:at old-fa%ion$ frame hotel1 :ile directly across ! way ! f9i%+ t\*es 7 be+ put to a new hotel1 ( re9=c$ concrete :i* = ar*itectural ta/e & beauty ( position comp>es well ) any sea%ore h\se 9 ! _w4 ,at ! docks 7 %ips ( e nation2 cables kept u 9 communication ) all civiliz$ capitals4 ,n an insect ( any sort 0 se51 & to discov] an alligator a consid]able j\rney 0 necess>y4 ,! complet$ ,panama ,railroad w\ld c>ry u 9 ?ree h\rs to ! ,pacific1 :]e ! great wat] r\tes spread out aga9 l a fan4 ,9 half a c5tury man _h wr\ght ?is *ange1 & ) 8 great canal w d\btless d m m>vel\s de$s 9 ! "t to come4 ,illu/ration3 ,,panama ,,pott]y ,,sell]s ,once con/ruction ( ! road 0 begun %acks rose on piles amid ! swampy vegetation ( ! isl&4 ,at c]ta9 po9ts l& 0 fill$ 9 & a solid f\ndation made = ma*9e %ops4 ,! settlem5t took a sudd5 />t =w>d 9 #ahea :5 a /orm prev5t$ two ,new ,york %ips f l&+ _! pass5g]s at ! m\? ( ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,! delay$ travel]s 7 in/ead l&$ at ,colon1 & ! rails hav+ be5 laid z f> z ,gatun1 :]e ! great locks n[ rise1 !y 7 c>ri$ ?i!r by ! railroad4 ,?is r\te prov+ ! m exp$iti\s ! news quickly rea*$ ,new ,york & ! %ips began mak+ ,colon _! port4 ,z a result ! t[n grew z fa/ & z unsub/antially z a mu%room4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9doo ,,labor]s ,,on ,,! ,,canal ,at "o "t sev]al hundr$ 7 employ$ b !y are disappe>+ ,x 0 a float+ population ( p f e l& & l>gely lawless4 ,! b>d ( ! ,i/hmus has a poem too long to quote :i* depicts a wayf>] at ! gate ( ,heav5 confess+ to high crimes1 misdemeanors & all ! s9ful lu/s ( ! fle%4 ,at ! close ( ! damn+ confession he :isp]$ some?+ 9 ! e> ( ! ,sa9t1 ^: br[ cle>$1 & beam+ welcome took ! place ( /]n rejection4 ,! keep] ( ! keys accord+ to ! poet cri$3 8,climb up1 ,oh1 we>y "o1 climb up6 ,climb high6 ,climb high] yet ,until y rea* ! plu%-l9$ seats ,t only m>tyrs get4 ,!n sit y d[n & re/ y\rself ,:ile ye>s ( bliss roll on4 ,!n to ! angels he rem>k$1 #8,he's be5 liv+ 9 ,colon6'0 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,blas ,,boats ,,at ,,e>ly ,,dawn ,) ! completion ( ! ,pacific railroads 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! prosp]ity ( ,colon = a "t wan$4 ,!re 0 /ill bus9ess = ! railroad1 z !re has be5 to ! pres5t day1 & z x is believ$ !re w be 9 ! future despite ! ,canal4 ,b ! great ru% 0 end$4 ,! eag] m5 hurry+ to be e>ly at ! place :]e gold 0 to be f\nd1 & ! m5 :o _h 8made _! pile0 ha/5+ home to sp5d x1 took ! road across ! pla9s4 ,colon settl$ d[n to a p]iod ( le?>gy = :i* its p 7 con/itutionally well fitt$4 ,once 9 a :ile !y 7 /irr$ up by reports ( ! project$ ,canal1 & ! annual revolutions--,presid5t ,roosevelt 9 a message to ,congress not$ #ec 9 #eg ye>s--prev5t$ life f becom+ :olly monoton\s4 ,b !re 0 no sign ( a r5ewal ( ! flu% times ( ! gold ru% until late 9 ! '#gj's ! ,fr5* eng9e]s arriv$ to beg9 ! surveys = ! ,canal4 ,by ! way1 t ,i/hmus f ,d>i5 to ,nic>agua is probably ! mo/ ?or\ghly survey$ bit ( wild l& 9 ! _w4 ,ev5 on our own ,canal ,zone :]e ! g5]al l9e ( ! ,canal 0 e>ly det]m9$ ea* *ief eng9e] _h 8 own survey made1 & mo/ ( ! division eng9e]s prud5tly resurvey$ ! l9es ( _! *iefs4 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,blas ,,indian ,,boys ,) ! com+ ( ! ,fr5*1 flu% times began aga9 on ! ,i/hmus & ! gold5 flood p\r$ mo/ into ,colon1 z ! ,canal digg]s made _! ma9 base ( op]ations !re1 unlike ! ,am]icans :o /ruck at nature's =tifications all along ! l9e1 mak+ _! headqu>t]s at ,culebra ab\t ! c5t] ( ! ,i/hmus4 ,b ?\gh ! ,fr5* fail$ to dig ! ,canal !y did w9 popul>ity on ! ,i/hmus1 & !re are regretful & uncomplim5t>y comp>isons drawn 9 ! cafs & o!r meet+-places betwe5 ! ?rift & calculation ( ! ,am]icans1 & ! lavi% prodigality ( ! ,fr5*4 ,ev]y?+ !y b\ght 0 at m9+-camp prices & !y adopt$ no su* plan z ! commiss>y sy/em n[ 9 vogue to save _! work]s f ! rapacity ( native %opkeep]s ( all sorts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,blas ,,lugg] ,,putt+ ,,out ,,to ,,sea ,at ,cri/obal y are gravely tak5 to see ! ,de ,lesseps ,palace1 a huge frame h\se ) two w+s1 n[ 9 ! la/ /ages ( decrepitude & decay1 b :i* y le>n co/ fabul\s sums1 0 furni%$ & decorat$ l a royal *teau & 0 ! sc5e ( bac*analian fea/s t vi$ ) ^? ( ! ,romans 9 ! days ( ,heliogabalus4 ,at lea/ ! native ,panamanian w tell y ?is1 & if y happ5 to enjoy 8 rem9isc5ces 9 ! environm5t ( a caf y w conclude t 9 />t+ ! ,canal ! ,fr5* consum$ en\gh *ampagne to fill x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,atlantic ,,fleet ,,visits ,,! ,,i/hmus ,mr4 ,tracy ,rob9son1 a *>m+ *ronicl] ( ! ev5ts ( a lifetime on ! ,i/hmus1 says ( ?is p]iod3 8,f ! "t t op]ations 7 well "u way until ! end1 ! /ate ( ?+s 0 l ! life at #8,r$ ,hoss ,m\nta9' describ$ by ,eug5e ,field3 #8,:5 ! money fl[$ l likk]4444 ,) ! jo9ts all ?r[$ wide op51 & no %]iff to demur4' ,vice fl\ri%$4 ,gambl+ ( e k9d & e o!r =m ( wick$ness 7 common day & night4 ,! blu% ( %ame became practically unkn[n40 ,! ,de ,lesseps h\se /&s at :at has be5 ! mo/ picturesque po9t 9 ! ,am]ican t[n ( ,cri/obal4 ,be=e x /&s a really admirable "w ( art1 ,columbus 9 ! attitude ( a protector t[>d a half-nude ,indian maid5 :o kneels at 8 side4 ,aft] ! fa%ion ( a _w l>gely indiff]5t to art ! "n ( ! sculptor has be5 lo/1 b ! /atue 0 ca/ 9 ,tur91 = ,empress ,eugnie1 :o gave x to ! ,republic ( ,colombia :5 ! ,fr5* took up ! ,canal "w4 ,buffet$ f site to site1 /&+ = a:ile betwixt ! tracks 9 a railroad freight y>d1 ! spot on :i* x /ood :5 view$ by ! writ] is s5tim5tally ideal1 = x ov]looks ! entrance to ! ,canal & "u ! eyes ( ! ,great ,navigator1 done 9 bronze1 ! %ips ( all ! _w w pass & repass z !y ent] or leave ! artificial /rait :i* gives sub/ance to ! ,spani>d's dream4 ,illu/ration3 ,,roosevelt ,,av5ue1 ,,cri/obal1 ,,ab\t ,,to ,,lose ,,its ,,beauty ,at "o "t ! qu>t]s ( ! ,canal employees--! gold employees z ^? above ! grade ( day labor]s are call$--7 9 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful /reets imag9able4 ,9 a long sweep+ curve f ! bord] l9e betwe5 ! two t[ns1 !y ext5d$ 9 an unbrok5 r[ fac+ ! re/less blue wat]s ( ! ,c>ibbean4 ,a broad :ite drive & a r[ ( sway+ cocoanut trees sep>at$ ! h\ses f ! wat]4 ,! sea "h is always re/less1 surg+ 9 long bill[s & break+ 9 :ite foam ^u ! %ore1 unlike ! ,pacific :i* is usually calm4 ,unlike ! ,pacific1 too1 ! tide is inconsid]able4 ,at ,panama x rises & falls f sev5te5 to tw5ty feet1 &1 retir+1 leaves long expanses ( unsightly mud flats1 b ! ,c>ibbean always plays its "p 9 ! l&scape well4 ,unhappily ?is picturesque /reet--call$ ,roosevelt ,av5ue--is ab\t to lose its beauty1 = its wat] front is to be tak5 = ! great new docks1 & already at "s po9ts "o sees ! yell[ /acks ( ocean l9]s m+l+ ) ! frond$ tops ( ! palms4 ,cri/obal is at ! pres5t "t ! site ( ! great cold /orage plant ( ! ,canal ,zone1 ! %ops ( ! ,panama ,railroad & ! /orage w>eh\ses 9 :i* are kept ! supplies = ! commiss>y /ores at ! diff]5t villages along ! l9e ( ! ,canal4 ,x possesses a f9e fire fight+ =ce1 a ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 club1 a commiss>y hotel1 & along ! wat] front ( ,colon prop] are ! hospital build+s erect$ by ! ,fr5* b /ill ma9ta9$4 ,_m ( ! edifices ext5d out ov] ! wat] & ! con/ant breeze ev] bl[+ ?r\gh _! wide nett$ balconies w\ld seem to be ! mo/ effici5t ( allies 9 ! fight aga9/ disease4 ,"o f9ds less di/9ct sep>ation betwe5 ! native & ! ,am]ican t[ns at ?is end ( ! railroad ?an at ,panama-,ancon4 ,?is is l>gely due to ! fact t a great "p ( ! site ( ,colon is own$ by ! ,panama ,railroad1 :i* 9 turn is own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 s t ! activities ( our gov]nm5t ext5d into ! native t[n m ?an at ,panama4 ,9 ! latt] city ! hotel1 ! hospital & ! commiss>y are all on ,am]ican or ,canal ,zone soil--at ,colon !y are )9 ! sov]eignty ( ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,de ,,lesseps ,,palace ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,national ,,game--,,cock-,,fight+ ,at pres5t sightse]s t>ry briefly at ,colon1 tak+ ! fir/ tra9 = ! %[ places along ! ,canal l9e1 or = ! m picturesque t[n ( ,panama4 ,?is w probably cont9ue to be ! case :5 ! l9]s beg9 pass+ ?r\gh ! ,canal to ! ,pacific4 ,_m travel]s w d\btless leave _! %ips at ! ,atlantic side1 make a ha/y drive ab\t ,colon--x really c be se5 9 an h\r--& !n g by rail to ,panama1 anticipat+ ! arrival ( _! %ip !re by sev5 h\rs & gett+ "s idea ( ! c\ntry en r\te4 ,visitors ) m "t to sp>e w f9d "o ( ! %ort drives t is wor? :ile a trip to ! cemet]y ( ,m\nt ,hope :]e f ! v beg9n+ ( ! t[n ^? :o fell 9 ! long battle ) nature h be5 laid to re/4 ,! little :ite head/ones multipli$ fa/ 9 ! gay & reckless ,fr5* days be=e sanitation 0 ?\ght (1 & :5 riot & dissipation 7 ! rule & sc>cely disc\rag$4 8,monkey ,hill0 0 ! orig9al "n ( ! place1 ow+ to ! multitude ( monkeys gambol+ & *att]+ 9 ! foliage1 b z ! graves multipli$ & ! monkeys vani%$ ! rude unfitness ( ! "n became app>5t & x gave place to 8,m\nt ,hope40 ,x is pitiful en\gh 9 any case2 b if y w /udy ! dates on ! head/ones y w f9d ! ye>s aft] #aije %[ a rapid less5+ 9 ! numb] ( t5ants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h[ ,,! ,,jungle ,,works ,sil5tly b p]si/5tly ! advance ( nature en%r\ds man's "w 9 liv+ gre5 ,if y consid] ! pictures ( c]ta9 /reets ( ,colon dur+ two phases ( _! hi/ory1 y w h little tr\ble 9 und]/&+ :y ! dea? rate 9 ! t[n has be5 /eadily decreas+4 ,9 a t[n built ^u a natural morass1 & on :i* m ?an elev5 feet ( wat] fell annually1 !re 0 h>dly a foot ( pav+ except ! n>r[ sidewalks4 ,9 ! wet season1 :i* ext5ds ov] eight mon?s ( ! ye>1 ! mud 9 ^! fil?y by-ways 0 almo/ wai/ deep4 ,into x 0 ?r[n indiscrim9ately all ! h\sehold slops1 g>bage & (fal4 ,!re 0 no sewage sy/em2 no ef=t at dra9age4 ,if "o wi%$ to cross a /reet !re 0 no?+ = x b to walk = blocks until rea*+ a float+ bo>d b5evol5tly provid$ by "s m]*ant :o hop$ to ?us br+ cu/om to 8 doors4 ,along ! wat] front betwe5 ! /eam%ip pi]s & ! railroad !re 0 an ef=t to pave some:at z !re 0 heavy freight to be h&l$1 b ev5 !re ! pavem5t w\ld s9k out ( sight ov]night1 & at no "t c\ld x be kept 9 good condition4 ,! ag5ts ( ! ,panama ,railroad & ! ,royal ,mail ,/eam ,packet ,company1 ^: freight h\ses adjo9$1 dump$ into ! seem+ly bottomless abyss ev]y?+ heavy & solid t c\ld be br\ght by l& or wat]1 b = a long "t )\t avail4 ,"u ! direction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates (fic]s1 h[ev]1 ! problem 0 solv$1 & today ! /reets ( ,colon are z well pav$ z ^? ( any ,am]ican city1 vitrifi$ brick be+ ! mat]ial *iefly us$4 ,illu/ration3 8,,bottle ,,alley0 ,a typical ,colon /reet be=e ! ,sanit>y ,dep>tm5t conclud$ ! "w ( clean+ up ,9 ! days :5 !re 0 no pavem5t !re 7 no sew]s4 ,today ! t[n is prop]ly dra9$1 & ! sewage problem1 a v s]i\s "o 9 a t[n ) no natural slope & subject to heavy ra9s1 is effici5tly h&l$4 ,!re 0 no wat] supply4 ,dr9k+ wat] 0 br\ght f ! ma9l& & p$dl$ f c>ts1 or great j>s by wat] c>ri]s4 ,today !re is an aqu$uct br++ cle> cool wat] f ! di/ant hills4 ,x af=ds a /rik+ comm5t>y ^u ! le?>gy & laz9ess ( ! natives t = ne>ly half a c5tury !y %\ld h tol]at$ conditions :i* = fil? & squalor 7 practically unp>allel$4 ,! ,indian 9 8 palm-?at*$ hut 0 bett] h\s$ & m heal?fully surr\nd$ ?an !y4 ,ev5 ! ,fr5* fail$ to correct ! evil & s fail+ di$ l ! flies t sw>m$ ab\t _! food & _! g>bage indiscrim9ately4 ,n until ! ,am]icans decl>$ w> on fil? & appo9t$ ,col4 ,w4 ,c4 ,gorgas comm&]-9-*ief ( ! =ces ( cleanl9ess & heal? did ,colon get clean$ up4 ,ab\t ! base ( ! ,toro light clu/] ! h\ses ( ! eng9e]s employ$ on ! h>bor "w1 & on ! =tifications :i* are to gu>d ! ,atlantic entrance ( ! canal on ! we/ side--o!r def5sive works are build+ ab\t a mile nor? ( ,colon4 ,to ^! & o!r =ts 9 c\rse ( con/ruction visitors are b grudg+ly admitt$ & ! cam]a is :olly taboo4 ,!y are /ill laugh+ 9 ,col4 ,goe?als' (fice at a newly elect$ ,congressman--n ev5 yet sworn 9--:o wrote t 9 visit+ ! ,canal ,zone he desir$ p>ticul>ly to make an exhau/ive /udy ( ! =tifications1 & take _m pictures1 9 ord] t he might be peculi>ly fit = memb]%ip on ! ,milit>y ,affairs ,committee1 to :i* he aspir$4 ,toro ,po9t w1 aft] ! completion ( ! ,canal "w1 rema9 only z ! camp = su* a deta*m5t ( coa/ artill]y z may be ne$$ at ! =ts4 ,! village w be "o ( ^? surr5d]$ to ! jungle f :i* x 0 wre/$4 ,cri/obal w rema9 a l>ge1 & ,i %\ld judge1 a gr[+ t[n4 ,colon :i* 0 creat$ by ! railroad w /ill h ! road & ! ,canal to support x4 ,illu/ration3 ,d ,,/reet1 ,,colon1 ,,pav$ ,be=e be+ sew]$ & pav$ ?is /reet 0 z bad z ,bottle ,alley on prec$+ page ,)\t an ar*itectural adornm5t wor?y ( ! "n1 ) /reets ( %anties1 & r[s ( %ops 9 :i* ! *eap & %oddy are ! rule1 ! t[n ( ,colon does h a c]ta9 fasc9ation to ! idle /roll]4 ,t arises f ! ?rongs ( its picturesque & p>ti-color$ p :o are always on ! /reets4 ,at "o po9t y w enc\nt] a gr\p ( *ildr51 among :om ev5 ! casual obs]v] w detect ,spani%1 ,*9ese1 ,indian & negro types pure1 & v>y+ amalgamations ( all play+ toge!r 9 ! *ildi% good fell[%ip :i* oblit]ates all racial ho/ilities4 ,! ,*9ese are ! *ief bus9ess p ( ! t[n1 & ?\gh !y int]m>ry b little ) ! few families ( ! old ,spani% /ra91 _! unions bo? legaliz$ & free1 ) ! mulattoes or negroes are innum]able4 ,y see on ! /reets _m *ildr5 ^: negro complexion & k9ky hair comb9e b comically ) ! almond eyes ( ! cele/ial4 ,luckily queues are go+ out ( /yle ) ! ,*9ese1 or ! hair ( _! half-bre$ (fspr+ w\ld =m an insurm\ntable problem4 ,public *>act]s ?rong 9 ,colon4 ,a t[n ) b sixty ye>s ( hi/ory naturally ab\nds 9 e>ly inhabitants4 ,x is almo/ z bad z ,*icago 0 a few ye>s ago :5 citiz5s :o _h rea*$ ! 8anecdotage0 w\ld halt y at ! ,lake ,front & po9t+ to t smoke-b$imm$ cradle ( ! city's dream$-( future beauty w\ld assure y t !y c\ld h b\ght x all = a pair ( boots--b didn't h ! boots4 ,"o ( ! figures long po9t$ out on ! /reets ( ,colon 0 an old color$ man--an 8ole nigg]0 9 ! local phrase--:o _h be5 !re f ! days ( ! alligators & ! monkeys4 ,he work$ = ! ,panama ,railroad surveyors1 ! road :5 complet$1 ! ,fr5* & ! ,am]ican ,canal build]s4 ,a s5se ( long & vet]an public s]vice _h inve/$ him ) an air ( dignity r out ( h>mony ) 8 raim5t4 8,john ,asp9wall0 !y call$ him1 because ,asp9wall 0 = a "t ! "n ( ! mo/ regal significance on ! isl&4 ,! ,poet ( ,panama immortaliz$ him 9 v]se ?us3 8,oh1 a qua9t old moke1 is ,john ,asp9wall1 ,:o lives by ! ,dead ,h\se gate1 ,& qua9t are 8 ?\ghts1 if ?\ghts at all ,ev] lurk 9 8 woolly pate1 ,= he's old z ! hills is ?is coal-black man1 ,?rice d\bl$ ) age is he1 ,& ! days :5 8 w&]+s fir/ began ,are %r\d$ 9 my/]y40 ,illu/ration3 ,,ba*elor ,,qu>t]s ,,at ,,toro ,,po9t ,if y keep a %rewd & wat*ful eye on ! balconies above ! *eap john /ores y w n[ & aga9 cat* a little glimpse rem9isc5t ( ,pek94 ,= ! ,*9ese l to hang _! balconies ) arti/ic scre5s1 b$eck !m ) palms1 illum9ate !m ) ! gay lant]ns ( _! home4 ,sometimes a woman ( complexion ( r acc5tuat$ brunette w hang ov] ! rail ) a ,*9ese--or at lea/ a ,*9esque--baby 9 ! p>ti-color$ clo?+ ( its pat]nal ance/ors4 ,or z y /roll along ! back or side /reets m giv5 ov] to resid5ces1 an op5 door "h & !re gives a glimpse ( an int]ior cr[d$ ) h\sehold goods--& h\sehold gods :i* are babies4 ,n precisely lur+ are ^! views4 ,!y sugge/ r t ! daily ef=ts ( ,col4 ,gorgas to make & keep ! city clean might well h ext5d$ fur!r beh9d ! front doors ( ! h\se4 ,!y did to a slight degree1 ( c\rse1 = !re 0 fumigation unlimit$ 9 ! fir/ days ( ! great clean+ up1 & ev5 n[ !re is p]si/5t sanit>y inspection4 ,! ,canal ,zone au?orities rel9qui%$ to ! ,panama local (ficials ! pav+ & sanitation "w ( ! city1 b reta9$ x 9 ,colon1 :i* s]ves to indicate ! e/imate put ^u ! comp>ative fitness = self gov]nm5t ( ! p ( ! two t[ns4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,colon ,,wat] ,,c>ri] ,d[n by ! docks1 if "o likes ! savor ( spices & ! odor ( t>1 y f9d ! real society ( ! ,sev5 ,seas4 ,e v>iety ( %ip is !re1 f ! /ately ocean l9] j 9 f ,s\?ampton or ,havre to ! s*oon]-rigg$ cayuca ) its crew ( ,san ,blas ,indians1 d[n f _! =bidd5 c\ntry ) a c>go ( cocoanuts1 yams & bananas4 ,a curi\s craft is ! cayuca4 ,rang+ 9 size f a sl5d] canoe twelve feet long & b>ely wide en\gh to hold a man to a consid]able craft ( eight-foot beam & p]haps #ce to #dj feet on ! wat] l9e1 its _m v>ieties h "o ?+ 9 common4 ,ea* is hewn out ( a s+le log4 ,%ap$ to ! =m ( a boat by ! univ]sal tool1 ! ma*ete1 & holl[$ out p>tly by burn+1 p>tly by *ipp+1 ^! great logs are trans=m$ into craft t 9 any h&s save ^? ( ! ,indians br$ to _! use1 w\ld be p]emptory invitations to a wat]y dea?4 ,b ! ,san ,blas m5 pole !m ?r\gh rapids on ! ,*agres t w\ld puzzle a guide ( our ,nor? ,woods1 or at sea take !m out 9 nor!rs t keep ! l9] ti$ to h] dock4 ,"s ( ^! boats by ! way are holl[$ f mahogany logs t on ! :>f at ,new ,york or ,bo/on w\ld be wor? #b1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,op5 ,,sew] ,,9 ,a ,,colon ,,/reet ,! hi/ory ( ! ,panama ,railroad may well be briefly sket*$ "h4 ,= its "t x 0 ! mo/ audaci\s essay 9 railway build+ ! _w _h kn[n1 = be x kn[n x 0 begun b>ely tw5ty ye>s aft] ! fir/ railroad _h be5 built 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & be=e ei!r railroad eng9e]s or railroad labor _h a recogniz$ place 9 indu/ry4 ,! difficulties to be surm\nt$ 7 ( a sort t no m5 _h grappl$ ) be=e4 ,eng9e]s _h le>n$ h[ to cut d[n hills1 tunnel m\nta9s & bridge riv]s1 b to build a road b$ firm en\gh to support heavy tra9s 9 a bottomless swamp2 to run a l9e ?r\gh a jungle t seem$ to gr[ up aga9 be=e ! transit c\ld foll[ ! axe man2 to grapple ) a riv] t _h be5 kn[n to rise =ty feet 9 a day2 to eat lun* /&+ ?igh deep 9 wat] ) fri5dly alligators look+ on f adjac5t logs1 & to d all ?is amid ! unceas+ buzz ( v5om\s insects ^: /+1 z we le>n$ half a c5tury lat]1 c>ri$ ! g]ms ( mal>ia & yell[ fev]--?is 0 a new draft ^u eng9e]+ skill & endurance t might well /agg] ! be/4 ,! dem& 0 met4 ,! road 0 built1 b at a heavy co/ ( life4 ,x us$ to be said t a life 0 ! price ( e tie laid1 b ?is 0 a picturesque exagg]ation4 ,ab\t #fjjj m5 9 all di$ dur+ ! con/ruction p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,,by ,a ,,cocl ,,brook ,h5ry ,clay ju/ifi$ 8 f>-sight$ness by secur+ 9 #ahce ! creation ( a commission to consid] ! practicability ( a trans-i/hmian railroad4 ,a commission] 0 appo9t$1 secur$ a concession f :at 0 !n ,new ,granada1 di$ be=e gett+ home1 & ! :ole matt] 0 =gott5 = t5 ye>s4 ,9 ?is int]im ! ,fr5*1 = :om f ! e>lie/ days ! ,i/hmus _h a fasc9ation1 secur$ a concession b 7 unable to raise ! money necess>y = ! road's con/ruction4 ,9 #ahdi ?ree ,am]icans :o des]ve a place 9 hi/ory1 ,william ,h4 ,asp9wall1 ,john ,l4 ,/ev5s & ,h5ry ,*auncy1 secur$ a concession at ,bogota & /raightway w5t to "w4 ,difficulties beset !m on e side4 ,! swamp _h no bottom & = a "t x seem$ t _! f9ancial res\rces _h a v app>5t "o4 ,b ! ru% = gold1 ?\gh x greatly increas$ ! co/ ( _! labor1 made _! ent]prise appe> m promis+ to ! inve/+ public & _! tempor>y ne$ ( funds 0 soon met4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mangroves ,,m>*+ ,,on ,,/ilt-,,l ,,roots ,b ! swamp & jungle 7 unrel5t+ 9 _! toll ( human life4 ,m5 work+ all day deep 9 slimy ooze compos$ ( decay+ tropical vegetation1 sleep+ expos$ to ! bites ( mal>ia-be>+ insects1 spe$ily sick5$ & too (t5 di$4 ,! company took all possible c>e ( its workm51 b ev5 t 0 n en\gh4 ,work+ m5 ( e nationality 7 exp]im5t$ ) b none 7 immune4 ,! hi/orian ( ! railroad report$ t ! ,african resi/$ longe/1 next ! coolie1 !n ! ,european1 & la/ ! ,*9ese4 ,! exp]i5ce ( ! company ) ! la/ nam$ class ( labor 0 tragic 9 ! extreme4 ,eight hundr$ 7 l&$ on ! ,i/hmus aft] a voyage on :i* sixte5 _h di$4 ,?irty-two fell ill almo/ at ! mom5t ( l&+ & 9 less ?an a week eighty m 7 pro/rat$4 ,/rang]s 9 a /range l&1 unable to express _! compla9ts or make cle> _! symptoms1 !y 7 almo/ z mu* ! victims ( homesickness z ( any o!r ill4 ,! int]pret]s :o accompani$ !m decl>$ t mu* ( _! illness 0 due to _! deprivation ( _! accu/om$ opium1 & = a "t ! au?orities suppli$ !m1 ) ! result t ne>ly two-?irds 7 aga9 up & able to "w4 ,!n ! exagg]at$ ,am]ican moral s5se1 :i* is s apt to ignore ! cu/oms ( o!r l&s & peoples1 caus$ ! opium supply to be %ut (f4 ,p]haps ! fact t ! co/ ( opium daily p] ,*9aman 0 #ae c5ts _h some?+ to d ) x4 ,at any rate ! :ole body ( ,*9am5 7 soon sick unto dea? & q ready = x4 ,!y made no ef=t to cl+ to ! lives t _h become hateful4 ,suicides 7 a daily occurr5ce & 9 all =ms4 ,"s ) ,*9ese /olidity w\ld sit ^u a rock on ! ocean's b$ & wait = ! tide to subm]ge !m4 ,_m us$ _! own queues z ropes & hang$ !mselves4 ,o!rs p]suad$ or brib$ _! fell[s to %oot !m dead4 ,"s ?ru/ %>p5$ /icks ?r\gh _! ?roats1 or clut*+ great /ones leap$ into ! riv] ma9ta9+ _! hold until dea? made ! grasp /ill m rigid4 ,"s />v$ !mselves & o!rs di$ ( m]e brood+ ov] _! dismal /ate4 ,9 a few weeks b #bjj 7 left alive1 & ^! 7 s5t to ,jamaica :]e !y 7 sl[ly absorb$ by ! native population4 ,on ! l9e ( ! old ,panama ,railroad1 n[ ab&on$ & subm]g$ by ! wat]s ( ,gatun ,lake1 0 a village call$ ,mata*91 :i* local etymologi/s decl>e means 8dead ,*9aman10 & hold t x 0 ! sc5e ( ?is melan*oly sacrifice ( ori5tal life4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright1 #aiac1 ,f4 ,e4 ,wright4 ,,go+ ,,to ,,m>ket ,jamaica c\ntry roads are gay ) wom5 9 brightly color$ dresses1 c>ry+ ! products ( _! little f>ms to m>ket4 ,! burd5 is always borne on ! head ) ! result t peasant wom5 h a graceful & ev5 /ately c>riage4 ,! railroad build]s soon f\nd t ! exp5se ( ! con/ruction w\ld va/ly exce$ _! e/imates4 ,! price ( a pr9cipality w5t into ! ,black ,swamp1 ! road b$ ?r\gh :i* 0 practically float$ on a mon/] pontoon4 ,x is n true1 z (t5 ass]t$1 t eng9es 7 sunk !re to make a f\ndation = ! road1 b numb]s ( flat c>s 7 ?us employ$ to furni% a float+ f\ndation4 ,! swamp :i* imp$$ ! progress ( ! road 0 ab\t five miles s\? ( ,gatun & 0 /ill giv+ tr\ble 9 #aijh1 :5 ! heavi] ,am]ican roll+ /ock 0 put ^u ! road4 ,s\nd+s !n made indicate t ! solid bottom "u ! ooze is #ahe feet bel[ ! surface1 & some:]e betwe5 are ! scores ( dump c>s & ! ?\s&s ( tons ( rock & e>? ) :i* ! mon/] has be5 f$4 ,! ,am]icans conqu]$ x1 app>5tly1 9 #aijh1 by build+ a tre/le & fill+ x ) c9d]s & o!r light mat]ial4 ,b e eng9e] 0 glad :5 9 #aiab ! relocation ( ! road ab&on$ ! ,black ,swamp to its orig9al diabolical devices4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,picturesque ,,inlet ,,( ,,! ,,c>ibbean ,ev5 9 s great an affair z ! build+ ( railroads1 *ance or good =tune plays a consid]able "p4 ,s x 0 ! hurricane :i* fir/ drove two %ips be>+ ! ,cali=nia gold seek]s f ! m\? ( ! ,*agres d[n to ,colon t gave ! railroad company j ! /imulus necess>y to c>ry x pa/ ! l[e/ ebb 9 its =tunes4 ,be=e t x _h no income & c\ld no long] borr[ money4 ,!reaft] x _h a c]ta9 income & its cr$it 0 at ! v be/4 ,e additional mile f9i%$ add$ to its e>n+s1 = e mile 0 us$ s9ce x less5$ ! riv] trip to ! ,pacific4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #ahee1 ! la/ rail 0 laid1 & on ! #bh? ( t mon? ! fir/ tra9 cross$ f ocean to ocean4 ,! road _h !n co/ almo/ #g1jjj1jjj or m ?an #aej1jjj a mile1 b ow+ to ! peculi> conditions ( ! "t & place x _h :ile build+ e>n$ #b1abe1jjj or almo/ "o-?ird its co/4 ,its l5g? 0 #dg miles1 its highe/ po9t 0 #bfc feet above sea-level1 x cross$ /reams at #agj po9ts--mo/ ( ! cross+s be+ ( ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,z newly locat$ by ! ,am]ican eng9e]s a great numb] ( ^! cross+s are avoid$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ildi% ,,beauty ,,)\t ,,art ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,corn] ,,( ,,m\nt ,,hope ,,cemet]y ,names ( =gott5 ,fr5* m>tyrs are c>v$ 9 ! /ones ,traffic = ! road grew fa/] ?an ! road itself & :5 x 0 complet$ x 0 q app>5t t x 0 n equipp$ to h&le ! bus9ess t await$ x4 ,accord+ly ! manag]s det]m9$ to *>ge m ?an ! traffic w\ld be>--to fix su* rates z w\ld be prohibitive until !y c\ld get ! road suitably equipp$4 ,mr4 ,tracy ,rob9son says t a few ( ! less] (ficials at ,panama got up a sort ( burlesque rate c>d & s5t x on to ! g5]al (fices 9 ,new ,york4 ,x *>g$ #be = "o f>e across ! ,i/hmus "o way1 or #aj second class4 ,p]sonal baggage 0 *>g$ five c5ts a p\nd1 express #a4hj a cubic foot1 second class freight fifty c5ts a cubic foot1 coal #e a ton1--all = a haul ( =ty-sev5 miles4 ,to ! amazem5t ( ! ,panama jok]s ! rates 7 adopt$ &1 :at 0 m amaz+1 !y rema9$ un*ang$ = tw5ty ye>s4 ,dur+ t "t ! company paid divid5ds ( #bd1 ) an occasional /ock divid5d & lib]al additions to ! surplus4 ,its /ock at "o "t w5t up to #cce & z 9 its d>ke/ days x c\ld h be5 b\ght = a song4 ,^? :o _h b\ght x 7 m lucky ?an mo/ ( ! prospectors :o cr[d$ its coa*es on ! j\rney to ! gold fields4 ,too mu* prosp]ity br\ght indiff]5ce & lax managem5t & ! f9ances ( ! road 7 %[+ a decid$ det]ioration :5 ! ,fr5* took up ! ,canal problem4 ,"o ( ! *ief values ( ! fran*ise grant$ by ,new ,granada & aft]w>d r5ew$ by ,colombia 0 ! /ipulation t no canal %\ld be built 9 ! t]ritory )\t ! cons5t ( ! railroad corporation4 ,) ?is club ! directors =c$ ! ,fr5* to buy !m out1 & :5 ! rights ( ! ,fr5* ,canal company pass$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates we acquir$ ! railroad z well4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,s\lful ,,eyes ,,( ,,! ,,tropics ,x is n[ ,uncle ,sam's fir/ essay 9 ! gov]nm5t own]%ip & op]ation ( railroads4 ,extremi/s decl>e t 8 success z a manag] is %[n by ! fact t he takes a pass5g] f ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific 9 ?ree h\rs = #b4dj1 :ile ! privately own$ ,pacific railroads take sev]al days & *>ge ab\t #ge to accompli% ! same result4 ,!re is a fallacy 9 ?is argum5t some:]e1 b !re is none 9 ! ass]tion t by gov]nm5t (ficials ! ,panama ,railroad is run successfully bo? f ! po9t ( s]vice & ( pr(its4 ,its net e>n+s = ! fiscal ye> ( #aiab 7 #a1gfb1jjj1 ( :i* ab\t five-six?s 0 f comm]cial bus9ess4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t 9 t ye> ! road 0 conduct$ prim>ily = ! purpose ( ,canal build+--ev]y?+ 0 subord9at$ to ! ,big ,job4 ,t br\ght x abnormal rev5ue1 & laid ^u x abnormal burd5s4 ,! record %[s h[ev] t x 0 direct$ ) a s+ul> att5tion to detail & ph5om5al success4 ,:5 pass5g] tra9s mu/ be run s z nev] to int]f]e ) dirt tra9s1 & :5 dirt tra9s mu/ be s run t a few score /eam-%ovels dipp+ up five cubic y>ds ( brok5 rock at a m\?ful %all nev] lack = a flat c> on :i* to dump ! load1 x means "s f9e "w = ! traffic manag]4 ,! sup]9t5d5t ( s*ools rem>k$ to me t ! "q :e!r a pass5g] tra9 %\ld /op at a c]ta9 /ation to pick up s*ool *ildr5 dep5d$ on ! conv5i5ce ( c]ta9 /eam-%ovels & t ! matt] _h to be decid$ by ,col4 ,goe?als4 ,:i* goes to %[ t ! ,colonel's responsibilities are v>i$--b ( t m anon1 z ! /ory-tell]s say4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>ket ,,day ,,at ,,david ,)9 a few ye>s =ty miles ( ! ,panama ,railroad h be5 relocat$1 ! prime purpose ( ! *ange be+ to obviate ! necessity ( cross+ ! ,canal at any po9t4 ,"o ( ! witticisms ( ! ,zone is t ! ,panama is ! only railroad t runs crosswise z well z l5g?wise4 ,?is je/ is p>tly bas$ on ! fact t n9e-t5?s ( ! l9e has be5 mov$ to a new location1 b m on ! practice ( pick+ up e night or two "s ?\s& feet ( track 9 ! ,canal b$ & mov+ x bodily1 ties & all1 "s feet to a new l9e4 ,?is is made necess>y :5 ! /eam-%ovels h dug out all ! rock & dirt t c be rea*$ f ! old l9e1 & x is accompli%$ by ma*9es call$ track %ift]s1 ea* ( :i* accompli%es ! "w ( hundr$s ( m54 ,illu/ration3 ,,sc5e ,,on ,,almirante ,,bay ,! ,panama ,railroad is today :at bus9ess m5 call a go+ conc]n4 ,b x is run ) a s+ul> indiff]5ce to private me?ods ( railroad managem5t4 ,x has a bo>d ( directors1 b !y d little direct+4 ,its %>es d n figure 9 ,wall ,/reet1 & we d n he> ( x float+ loans1 scal+ d[n debts or engag+ 9 any ( ! /ock-jobb+ op]ations :i* 9 late ye>s h result$ 9 railroad presid5ts be+ lawy]s r ?an railroad m54 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t came into possession ( a railroad & _h to run x4 ,well8 ,! gov]nm5t prov$ equal to ! em]g5cy & p]haps its exp]i5ce w lead x to get possession ( yet o!r railroads4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,nombre ,,de ,,dios1 ,,porto ,,bello ,,& ,,san ,,lor5zo ,)9 tw5ty miles1 at ! v mo/1 ea/ & we/ ( ,colon lie ! *ief exi/+ memorials ( ! bygone days ( ,spani% discov]y & colonization1 & ,engli% adv5tur\s raids & de/ruction1 on ! ,i/hmus4 ,all t is picturesque & en?rall+--t is to say1 all t is /irr+1 bloody1 & lawless--9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,c>ibbean %ore ( ! ,i/hmus lies ?us adjac5t to ! ,atlantic entrance ( ! ,canal4 ,to ! ea/ are ,nombre de ,dios & ,porto ,bello--! olde/ ,european settlem5ts on ! ,nor? ,am]ican cont95t1 ! "o be+ f\nd$ ab\t #aeaj1 almo/ a c5tury & a half be=e ! l&+ at ,plym\?1 & ! o!r 9 #afjg1 ! v ye> ( ! plant+ ( ,jame/[n1 ,virg9ia4 ,to ! we/ is ! ca/le ( ,san ,lor5zo at ! m\? ( ! ,*agres1 ! gateway to ! ,pacific trade1 built 9 ! latt] ye>s ( ! sixte5? c5tury & repeat$ly de/roy$4 ,ab\t ^! ,spani% outpo/s1 once ?riv+ m>ket t[ns & massive =tresses1 b n[ v9e-cov]$ ru9s :]e 8! lion & ! liz>d keep _! c\rt0 clu/]s a weal? ( hi/orical lore4 ,let u = ! "t turn f ! ,panama ( today1 & f speculation z to its future1 & look back ^u ! ,panama ( ! pa/4 ,x is a pa/ too full ( incid5t1 too replete ) /ories ( battle1 murd] & sudd5 dea? = full ju/ice to be done to x 9 a *apt]4 ,volumes1 libr>ies almo/1 h be5 writt5 ab\t x1 = ,panama is n "o ( ! happy c\ntries )\t a hi/ory4 ,( t hi/ory ! survey "h is necess>ily ! mo/ cursory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mod]n ,,porto ,,bello ,,prom ,,across ,,! ,,bay ,tw5ty miles f ,colon to ! ea/ is ! spaci\s deep wat] h>bor ( ,porto ,bello1 visit$ & nam$ by ,columbus 9 #aejb4 ,e>li] /ill x _h h>bor$ ! %ips ( ,rod]igo de ,ba/ides :o l&$ !re 9 #aejj--probably ! fir/ ,european to t\* ,panama soil4 ,he s\ght ! /rait to ! ,indies1 & gold z well4 ,a few miles ea/ & nor? ( ,porto ,bello is ,nombre de ,dios1 "o ( ! e>lie/ ,spani% settlem5ts b n[ a m]e clu/] ( huts amid/ :i* ! ,canal work]s 7 only rec5tly dr$g+ s& = use 9 con/ruction4 ,few visit ,nombre de ,dios = purposes ( curiosity & inde$ x is little wor? visit+1 = fires1 floods & ! %ift+ s&s ( ! riv]s h oblit]at$ all trace ( ! old t[n4 ,! native village consi/$ ( ab\t #bjj huts :5 ! ,am]ican invasion occurr$1 b a sp>k f "o ( ! eng9es set (f ! dry ?at* ( "o ( ! huts & a g5]al conflagration ensu$4 ,! ,am]icans h s9ce repair$ ! damages1 to ! sanit>y advantage ( ! place1 b at heavy co/ to its picturesqu5ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,,typical ,,native ,,hut ,,9 ,,porto ,,bello ,,di/rict ,= t quality y mu/ look to its pa/1 = x figur$ l>gely 9 ! bloody life ( ! ,i/hmus 9 ! #af? c5tury4 ,x 0 f\nd$ by "o ,don ,diego de ,nicuesa1 :o _h held ! high (fice ( ,royal ,c>v] at ,madrid4 ,tir$ ( sup]vis+ ! c>v+ ( meats = 8 sov]eign he sail$ = ! ,i/hmus to c>ve out a =tune = himself4 ,hurricanes1 trea*]y1 jeal\sy1 ho/ile ,indians1 mut9\s sailors & all ! ills t jolly m>9]s h to face _h some:at abat$ 8 jollity & 8 _s z well :5 he r\nd$ ,manzanillo ,po9t & f9d+ himself 9 a placid bay exclaim$3 8,det5gamonos aqui1 en nombre de ,dios0 7,let u /op "h 9 ! "n ( ,god74 ,8 crew1 sup]/iti\s & pi\s z ,spani% sailors 7 9 ^? days1 ?\gh piety seldom int]f]$ ) _! pr(anity or piracy1 seiz$ on ! dev\t invocation & ,nombre de ,dios became ! "n ( ! port4 ,! t[n ?us nam$ became = a "t ! pr9cipal ,spani% port on ! ,c>ibbean coa/ & "o ( ! two t]m9als ( ! royal road to ,old ,panama4 ,b ! h>bor 0 poor1 ! climate sickly1 = ! t[n 0 %ut 9 on ! l&w>d side by m\nta9s :i* exclud$ ! breeze4 ,x came to be call$ ! ,spani% ,gravey>d4 ,*ildr5 di$ 9 infancy1 & ,spani% mo!rs s5t !irs to ,cruces to be re>$4 ,difficult ( def5se by ei!r l& or sea x 0 m5ac$ alt]nately by ! ,cimm>oons & ! ,engli%1 & 9 #aegb ,sir ,francis ,drake took x by assault b ga9$ little pr(it by ! adv5ture1 9 :i* he ne>ly lo/ 8 life4 ,w>n$ by ?is1 & by o!r attacks1 a di/+ui%$ ,spani% eng9e] 0 s5t to exam9e ,nombre de ,dios ) o!r ,c>ibbean ports4 ,illu/ration3 ,,entrance ,,to ,,porto ,,bello ,,h>bor1 ,,f ,,spani% ,,=t ,he 0 impress$ by ,porto ,bello & report$ 8if x might please y\r ,maje/y x 7 well t ! city ( ,nombre de ,dios be br\ght & build$ 9 ?is h>bor40 ,x 0 s graci\sly ord]$ & ! 8city0 hav+ be5 8br\ght & build$0 at ,porto ,bello its old site gradually relaps$ into wild]ness save = ! few huts f\nd :5 ! ,am]ican eng9e]s desc5d$ ^u x seek+ n gold b s&4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is que/ !y uncov]$ an old ,spani% galleon b did n report any pieces ( eight1 +ots or d\bloons4 ,inde$ look+ all ov] ! ,canal "w we may well say1 nev] 0 !re s mu* digg+ = s little treasure1 = ev5 9 ! great ,culebra cut no trace ( preci\s metal 0 f\nd4 ,nombre de ,dios !n af=ds little enc\ragem5t = ! visits ( t\ri/s1 b ,porto ,bello1 ne>] ,colon1 is well wor? a visit4 ,! visit h[ev] is n easily made4 ,! trip by sea is tw5ty miles /eam+ 9 ! op5 ,c>ibbean :i* is always r\gh1 & :i* on ?is passage seems to any save ! mo/ h>d5$ navigators tempe/u\s beyond all o!r oceans4 ,!re are1 or r 71 no regul> l9es ( boats runn+ f ,colon & "o desir+ to visit ! hi/oric spot mu/ ne$s plead ) ! ,canal ,commission = a pass on ! gov]nm5t tug :i* makes ! voyage daily4 ,! visit is well wor? ! tr\ble h[ev] = ! ru9s are among ! f9e/ on ! ,am]ican cont95t1 :ile ! bay itself is a noble inlet4 ,s at lea/ ,columbus ?\ght x :5 he fir/ visit$ x 9 #aejb4 ,8 son1 ,f]n&o1 :o aft]w>ds wrote ( ?is f\r? voyage ( ! ,g5oese navigator1 tells ( ?is visit ?us3 ,illu/ration3 ,,bullock ,,c>t ,,on ,,! ,,savanna ,,road ,illu/ration3 ,,mod]n ,,indian1 ,,d>i5 ,,region ,note *>act]i/ic weapons--ma*ete1 javel9 & %ot-gun 8,! ,admiral )\t mak+ any /ay w5t on till he put into ,pu]to ,bello1 giv+ x t "n because x is l>ge1 well peopl$ & encompass$ by a well cultivat$ c\ntry4 ,he ent]$ ! place on ! #bnd ( ,novemb] 7#aejb71 pass+ betwe5 two small isl&s )9 :i* %ips may lie close to ! %ore & turn x out 7sic7 if !y h occasion4 ,! c\ntry ab\t ! h>bor1 high] up1 is n v r\gh b till$ & full ( h\ses1 a /one's ?r[ or a b[ %ot "o f ! o!r2 & x looks l ! f9e/ l&scape a man c imag9e4 ,dur+ sev5 days we cont9u$ !re1 on acc\nt ( ! ra9 & ill wea!r1 !re came cont9ually canoes f all ! c\ntry ab\t to trade1 = provisions1 & bottoms ( f9e spun cotton :i* !y gave = "s trifles su* z po9ts & p9s40 ,"t *anges1 & ?+s & places *ange ) x4 ,:at are 8bottoms ( f9e spun cotton0 & 8trifles su* z po9ts08 ,z = ! p ^: h\ses !n s pl5tifully bespr9kl$ ! l&scape r\nd ab\t1 !y h l>gely vani%$4 ,sla9 9 battle1 murd]$ 9 cold blood1 or enslav$ & work$ to dea? by ! b>b>\s ,spani>ds1 !y h giv5 place to a mongrel race ma9ly negro1 & ( !m ev5 !re are n en\gh to give to ,porto ,bello today ! *e]y1 well populat$ air :i* ! y\ng] ,columbus notic$ m ?an #djj ye>s ago4 ,! real f\ndation date ( ,porto ,bello is fix$ at #afjg1 ?\gh probably ! mov+ ?i!r ( ,nombre de ,dios began e>li]4 ,its full "n 9 ,spani% 0 ,san ,felipe de ,pu]tovello1 = ! pi\s ,spani>ds 7 h>d put to x to "n a city1 a m\nta91 a cape or a c>\se )\t br++ 9 a sa9t4 ,typically en\gh ,san ,felipe 0 soon =gott5 & ! "n became ,pu]to ,bello or beautiful h>bor4 ,x grew rapidly1 =1 z already not$1 ! city ( ,nombre de ,dios 0 rerect$ !re4 ,by #afah !re 7 #acj h\ses 9 ! ma9 t[n n c\nt+ ! suburbs1 a ca!dral1 gov]nor's h\se1 k+s' h\ses1 a mona/]y1 conv5t ( m]cy & hospital1 a plaza & a quay4 ,! ma9 city 0 well-built1 p>tly ( /one or brick1 b ! suburbs1 "o ( :i* 0 set aside = free negroes1 7 *iefly ( wattl$ canes ) palm ?at*4 ,a few plantations & g>d5s bord]$ on ! city1 b ma9ly ! gre5 jungle came d[n to ! v edge z x does ) ,*agres1 ,cruces or o!r native t[ns today4 ,x 0 ! ,atlantic port ( entry = n ,panama alone1 b = ! entire we/ coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica & = m]*&ise int5d$ = ! ,philipp9es4 ,its great days 7 ( c\rse ! times ( ! annual fairs :i* la/$ f #dj to #fj days1 b ev5 at o!r times !re 7 #dj vessels & numb]s ( flat boats occupi$ 9 ! trade ( ! port4 ,yet x 0 b an outpo/ 9 ! jungle aft] all4 ,no man alone d>$ tread ! royal road f ! city's gate aft] nightfall4 ,9 ! /reets snakes1 toads & ! ugly iguana1 :i* ! natives dev\r eag]ly1 7 frequ5tly to be se54 ,! native wild cat--call$ gr&iloqu5tly a lion or a tig]--pr[l$ 9 ! suburbs &1 besides c>ry+ (f f[ls & pigs1 sometimes attack$ human be+s4 ,! climate 0 bett] ?an t ( ,nombre de ,dios yet suffici5tly unheal?ful4 ,*ild-bir? 0 s (t5 fatal & ! re>+ ( *ildr5 att5d$ ) s mu* mortality t all mo!rs :o 7 able resort$ to ,panama or ,cruces at su* a "t4 ,x 0 = a "t a consid]able m>ket place & = ! privilege ( trad+ !re ! brok]s paid into ! public c(f] #b1jjj ducats a ye>4 ,ano!r s\rce ( rev5ue 0 a tax ( two reales on ea* head ( cattle slaught]$ 9 ! %ambles--a tax /ill reta9$ 9 =m 9 ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,he :o br\ght 9 a negro slave _h to pay two pesos = ! privilege & f ?is impo/ a rev5ue ( "s #a1jjj a ye> 0 obta9$1 mo/ ( :i* 0 us$ 9 cutt+ d[n ! jungle & 9 ma9ta9+ roads4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,family ,,9 ,,*orr]a ,be=e ,porto ,bello _h ev5 ! beg9n+s ( a t[n1 be=e ev5 ! settlem5t at ,nombre de ,dios _h be5 begun1 !re l&$ at ! =m] port a ,spani>d to :om ! ,i/hmus gave immortality & a viol5t dea?--two gifts ( =tune :i* n uncommonly g h& 9 h&4 ,vasco ,nunez de ,balboa 0 ) ,ba/ides 9 ! visit :i* prec$$ t ( ,columbus4 ,!reby he ga9$ a k ( ! coa/ & a ta/e = seaf>+ adv5ture4 ,hav+ tri$ to be a plant] at ,santo ,dom+o & fail$ !re91 he gave 8 cr$itors ! slip by be+ c>ri$ 9 a b>rel abo>d a %ip ab\t to explore ! ,panama coa/ "u ! ,ba*elor ,encisco4 ,?\gh !y laugh$ at him = a "t z 8el hombre de casco01 8! man 9 a cask01 8 new companions 9 "t came to accept 8 lead]%ip & ultimately disc>d$ t ( ,encisco1 = besides gallantry ,balboa possess$ a g5ius = intrigue4 ,except = 8 great a*ievem5t ( ! discov]y ( ! ,pacific1 & 8 g5ius 9 mak+ fri5ds ( ! tribes he _h subdu$1 ,balboa's c>e] does n diff] greatly f t ( ! lead]s ( o!r remorseless ,spani% hordes :o h>ri$ ! hapless p ( ,c5tral ,am]ica1 robb+1 enslav+ & murd]+ !m ) brutal indiff]5ce to _! rights & totally call\s to _! suff]+s4 ,"o c h>dly read ( ! ,spani>ds 9 ,c5tral ,am]ica & ,p]u )\t sympa?iz+ some:at ) ! ,indian cacique :o1 hav+ captur$ two ( ! m>aud]s1 fa/5$ !m to ! gr\nd1 propp$ op5 _! jaws & p\r$ molt5 gold d[n _! ?roats say+ ! :ile3 8,"h's gold1 ,spani>ds6 ,"h's gold4 ,take a pl5ty2 dr9k x d[n6 ,"h's m gold40 ,illu/ration3 ,,sev5te5? ,,c5tury ,,ru9 ,,at ,,porto ,,bello ,?is edifice1 /ill well pres]v$1 is believ$ to be ! ,casa ,real1 or ,cu/om ,h\se ,balboa 0 a pacifi] z well z a fight] & x is record$ ( him t ev5 on ! w>pa? he 0 n unnecess>ily brutal4 ,inde$ "o cacique :om he ov]?rew 0 s impress$ ) 8 =be>ance t he ent]$ into alliance ) ! ,spani>d & gave him 8 favorite daught]4 ,?\gh he nev] m>ri$ ! girl ,balboa 8always lov'd & *]i%'d h] v mu*01 accord+ to ,h]r]a1 :i* is p]haps m ?an "s wives get ) a w$d+ c]emony4 ,to anyone :o has se5 ! ,i/hmian c\ntry z x is today1 :5 ! /atelie/ native h\se is b a hut1 & :5 x w\ld appe> t ! b>e/ necessities ( life are all t are s\ght by its p1 ! /ory told by ,h]r]a1 ! (ficial hi/orian ( ! ,spani% c\rt1 sugge/s a pitiful det]ioration 9 ! /&>d ( native life4 ,( ! home & village ( ,comagre1 ! greate/ cacique ( ! ,d>i5 region1 he writes3 8,8 palace 0 m rem>kable & bett] built ?an any t _h yet be5 se5 ei!r on ! ,isl&s1 or ! little t 0 kn[n ( ! ,cont95t1 be+ #aej paces 9 l5g? & eighty 9 bread? 444 s beautifully wr\ght t ! ,spani>ds 7 amaz'd at ! sight ( x & c\ld n express ! ,mann] & ,curiosity ( x4 ,!re 7 9 x sev]al ,*amb]s & ,ap>tm5ts & "o t 0 l a ,butt]y 0 full ( su* ,provisions z ! ,c\ntry af=d$1 z ,bread1 ,v5ison1 ,sw9e's ,fle%1 etc4 ,!re 0 ano!r l>ge ,room l a ,cell> full ( e>!n ,vessels1 conta9+ ,sev]al sorts ( :ite & r$ ,liquors made ( ,indian ,:eat1 ,roots1 a k9d ( ,palm-,tree & o!r ,+r$i5ts1 ! :i* ! ,spani>ds comm5d$ :5 !y drank !m60 ,illu/ration3 ,canal ,commission ,photo4 ,,/reet ,,9 ,,mod]n ,,porto ,,bello ,h[ +5u\s ! hi/orian's clos+ l9e6 ,d\btless ! ,spani>ds comm5d$ z lavi%ly z !y drank4 ,! blood !y %$1 ! gold !y /ole1 ! h\ses !y burn$1 ! wom5 !y violat$ & ! ,indians !y f\lly tortur$ & murd]$ =m a long c\nt 9 ! indictm5t ( civilization aga9/ ,spa9 9 ,c5tral ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,t today ! ,spani% flag waves ov] n "o foot ( ! t]ritory ravag$ by ,piz>ro1 ,nicuesa1 ,cortez1 ,balboa1 & ,p$r>ias is b ! sl5d]e/ ( ju/ice--! visitation ^u ! *ildr5 ( ! s9s ( _! fa!rs4 ,x is fair to say t ( all ! ruffianly spoliators ,vasco ,nuez de ,balboa 0 ! lea/ crim9al4 ,if he f\ght savagely to ov]?r[ local caciques1 he nei!r tortur$1 enslav$ nor slew !m aft] 8 victory1 b r /rove to make !m 8 fri5ds4 ,he left ! prov9ces some:at deplet$ ( gold & pe>ls aft] 8 visits1 b "o ( ! evid5ces ( ! complete lack ( ! cultivat+ grace ( civilization among ! ,indians 0 t !y did n c>e s mu* = ^! gewgaws z !y did = _! lives1 ! honor ( _! wom5 & _! lib]ty4 ,?is w\ld ( c\rse /amp !m z %e] b>b>ians on ,fif? ,av5ue or ! ,rue de la ,paix4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,trail ,,f ,,porto ,,bello ,ov] ?is trail ,balboa may h l$ 8 m5 on ! m>* t l$ to ! /ill unkn[n ,pacific ,z a matt] ( fact ! ,indian scorn ( ! ,spani% gre$ = gold 0 ! cause ( ,balboa's fir/ he>+ ( ! ,pacific ,ocean4 ,he _h made an alliance ) ,c>eta1 a cacique ( "s p[]1 :o gave 8 daught] to ,balboa1 toge!r ) #gj slaves & ab\t #djjj ounces ( gold4 ,z usual ! ,spani>ds 7 qu>rel+ ov] ! plund]1 :5 a son ( ! cacique1 "o ,panciano1 /rode among/ !m &1 kick+ ! gold out ( 8 way1 address$ !m 9 language ?us report$ by ! hi/orian ,qu9tana3 8,*ri/ians6 :y qu>rel & make s mu* turmoil ab\t a little gold1 :i* nev]!less y melt d[n f beautifully wr\ght "w into rude b>s8 ,is x = su* a trifle t y bani% y\rselves f y\r c\ntry1 cross ! seas1 endure h>d%ips & di/urb ! peaceful nations ( ^! l&s8 ,cease y\r unseemly brawl & ,i w %[ y a c\ntry :]e y may obta9 y\r fill ( gold4 ,six days' m>* across yond] c\ntry w br+ y to an ocean sea l ?is ne> :i* we dwell1 :]e !re are %ips a little less 9 size ?an y\rs1 ) sails & o>s1 & :]e ! p eat out ( vessels ( gold & h l>ge cities & weal? unb\nd$40 ,9 ! light ( our lat] k we "k t he ref]r$ to ! ,pacific & to ,p]u4 ,at ! conclusion ( 8 address he volunte]$ to lead ! ,spani>ds to ! unkn[n sea1 provid$ !y fir/ w\ld aid him & 8 fa!r 9 ! ov]?r[ ( a ho/ile tribe1 & fur!r t !y increase _! own numb]s to #ajjj m51 = he =esaw h>d fight+4 ,to recup]ate 8 =ce & add to x ,balboa return$ to 8 base at ,santa ,m>ia4 ,"h he f\nd tr\ble ( div]s k9ds4 ,"p ( 8 m5 7 mut9\s4 ,lett]s f fri5ds at ,madrid told t 8 enemies !re 7 conspir+ = 8 undo+--_h ev5 caus$ a new gov]nor to be s5t out to replace him1 ) ord]s to s5d him home = trial4 ,b ! mo/ imm$iate dang] 0 an ,indian plot to raid & :olly oblit]ate ! ,spani% t[n--an ent]prise :i* we c h>dly blame ! oppress$ aborig9es = *]i%+4 ,an ,indian girl1 :om a cavali] _h fir/ conv]t$ to ,ca?olicism1 !n baptiz$ & !n tak5 = 8 mi/ress1 reveal$ ! plot to h] lov]4 ,x _h be5 told h] by h] bro!r :o1 kn[+ ( ! wra? to come1 9 ! qua9t language ( ,pet] ,m>tyr1 8admony%$ h] at ! days appoynt$ by sume occasion to convey h]selfe oute ( ! way le/e %ee %uld bee slayne 9 ! confusion ( bataile40 ,in/ead ( do+ ?is ! fai?less "o1 8=gett+e h] p>5tes1 h] c\ntrie & all h] fri5des1 yea & all ! k+es into ^: ?roates ,vas*us _h ?ru/ 8 sworde1 %e op5$ uppe ! matt] unto hym1 & concel$ none ( ^? ?+s :i* h] undiscrete broo!r _h decl>$ unto h]40 ,illu/ration3 ,canal ,commission ,photo ,,spani% ,,=t ,,at ,,entrance ,,to ,,porto ,,bello ,,h>bor ,balboa 0 nev] accus$ ( hesitation4 ,! girl 0 =c$ to reveal h] bro!r's hid+ place4 ,he 0 put to ! torture & ! in=mation ?us extort$ enabl$ ! ,spani>ds to /rike at once & /rike h>d4 ,) #aej m5 he w5t into ! ,indian t]ritory ( ,d>i51 surpris$ ! natives & put !m to total r\t4 ,! almo/ inv>iable victories ( ! ,spani>ds1 except :5 !y 7 tak5 by surprise1 d n indicate sup]ior valor on _! "p4 ,to beg9 ) !y c>ri$ fire arms :i* affright$ ! ,indians z well z slaught]$ !m4 ,fur!r1 !y wore p>tial armor--lea!r j]k9s1 helmets & cuirasses ( /eel--s t ! unhappy aborig9es 7 n only expos$ to missiles1 ! nature ( :i* !y c\ld n compreh5d1 b saw _! own arr[s & javel9s fall useless f a fairly /ruck t>get4 ,9 "o battle ! ,indians 7 ev5 r$uc$ to meet+ _! foes ) wood5 swords1 &1 aft] ! inevitable victory1 "o ( ! victors to fur!r impress ! vanqui%$ ) ! futility ( _! def5sive weapons ord]$ ! fall5 *ief to /ret* =? 8 "r arm1 & ) "o bl[ /ruck x (f4 ,! ,indians 7 sup]/iti\s4 ,any?+ out ( ! ord9>y fill$ !m ) dread4 ,_m refus$ to /& & fight because ,balboa rode into battle on a :ite horse4 ,"s tra9$ blood h\nds t ! ,spani>ds took into battle ) !m also t]rifi$ !m4 ,do+ battle ) !m 9 ! op5 0 almo/ l slaught]+ %eep4 ,only 9 ambu% 7 !y =midable4 ,x may be not$ 9 pass+ t n all ! b>b>ities 7 on ! ,spani% side4 ,"o ( ,balboa's mo/ tru/$ lieut5ants1 ,valdivia1 0 caught 9 a tempe/ & 8 %ip wreck$4 ,^? :o escap$ 7 captur$ by ! natives1 p5n$ up & fatt5$ = a cannibal fea/4 ,! day ( fe/ivity arriv+ ,valdivia & f\r ( 8 companions 7 conduct$ to ! temple & !re (f]$ up a sacrifice4 ,_! he>ts 7 cut out ) knives ( obsidian & (f]$ to ! gods :ile _! bodies 7 roa/$ & dev\r$ by ! savages4 ,news f ,madrid conv9c$ ,balboa t he 0 9 disfavor at c\rt4 ,"s great exploit 0 ne$$ to re/abli% 8 pre/ige4 ,he det]m9$ to seek )\t delay t new sea ( :i* he _h be5 told1 & to ?is end ga!r$ an army ( #aij ,spani>ds & ab\t #a1jjj ,indians4 ,a pack ( ! tra9$ ,european w> dogs 7 tak5 along4 ,! old *ronicl]s tell s+ul> tales ab\t ^! dogs4 ,because ( ! t]ror !y inspir$ among ! ,indians !y 7 held m =midable ?an an equal numb] ( soldi]s4 ,"o great r$ dog ) a black muzzle & extraord9>y /r5g? 0 end[$ ) ! rank ( a capta9 & drew ! pay ( 8 rank4 ,9 battle ! brutes pursu$ ! flee+ ,indians & tore _! nak$ bodies ) _! fangs4 ,x is gravely report$ t ! ,capta9 c\ld di/+ui% betwe5 a ho/ile & a fri5dly native4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo1 ,pr(4 ,otto ,lutz ,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,*olo ,,indians ,x is practically impossible to trace n[ ! exact l9e foll[$ by ,balboa across ! ,i/hmus4 ,visitors to ! ,canal ,zone are %[n ,balboa ,hill1 nam$ 9 honor ( 8 a*ievem5t1 f :i* "u prop] climatic conditions "o c see bo? oceans4 ,b x is :olly improbable t ,balboa ev] saw ?is hill4 ,8 r\te 0 f>!r to ! ea/w>d ?an ! ,zone4 ,we d "k h[ev] t he em]g$ f ! jungle at "s po9t on ! ,gulf ( ,san ,miguel4 ,:at or :]e ! hill 0 f :i* ) 8eagle eyes he />'d at ! ,pacific0 we c only guess4 ,x 0 "o ( ! elevations 9 ! prov9ce ( ,qu>eque1 & be=e atta9+ x ,balboa f\ght a battle ) ! ,indians ( t tribe :o va/ly outnumb]$ 8 =ce1 b 7 n arm$ to fight ,spani>ds4 8,ev5 z animals are cut up 9 ! %ambles10 accord+ to ! acc\nt ( ,pet] ,m>tyr1 8s our m51 foll[+ !m1 hew$ !m 9 pieces2 f "o an arm1 f ano!r a leg1 "h a buttock1 !re a %\ld]40 ,! *ief ,porque & #fjj ( 8 foll[]s 7 sla9 & z usual dead & liv+ 7 robb$ ( _! gold5 jewelry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,natives ,,gr9d+ ,,rice ,,9 ,a ,,mort> ,,own$ ,,by ,,all ,x nev] occurr$ to ! ,indians to let "o man own ! mort> & *>ge all o!rs = its use ,balboa's =ce ( ,spani>ds 0 n[ r$uc$ to #fg m52 ! re/ 7 laid up by illness1 b not)/&+ ! gha/ly total ( ,indian lives tak51 no ,spani>d _h be5 sla94 ,) ^! he proce$$ a day's j\rney1 com+ to a hill :5ce 8 native guides told him ! s\ght-= sea might be se54 ,ord]+ 8 m5 to /ay at ! base he asc5d$ ! hill alone1 =c+ 8 way ?r\gh ! d5se und]bru% "u ! gl>+ tropical sun ( a ,septemb] day4 ,pi\s *ronicl]s set d[n t he fell on 8 knees & gave ?anks to 8 ,creator--an act ( devotion :i* com+ s soon aft] 8 slaught] ( ! ,qu>equa ,indians irresi/ibly recalls ! witticism at ! exp5se ( ! ,pilgrim ,fa!rs1 t on l&+ !y fir/ fell ^u _! knees & !n ^u ! aborig9es4 ,:atev] 8 _s1 ,balboa nev] fail$ 9 ! lett] ( piety4 ,8 b& ( cut-?roats be+ summon$ to ! hilltop jo9$ ! (ficial prie/ 9 *ant+ ! 8,te ,deum ,laudamus0 & 8,te ,dom9um confitur40 ,crosses 7 erect$ buttress$ ) /ones :i* captive ,indians1 /ill daz$ by ! slaught] ( _! p1 help$ to heap4 ,! names ( all ! ,spani>ds pres5t 7 record$4 ,9 fact few hi/oric exploits ( s e>ly a day are s well au!nticat$ z ! details ( ,balboa's triumph4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo ,t4 ,j4 ,m>9e4 ,,family ,,travel ,,on ,,! ,,panama ,,trail ,desc5d+ ! hill !y proce$$ ) _! m>* = !y 7 !n b half way to _! goal4 ,once aga9 !y _h to fight ! jungle & its savage d5iz5s4 ,lat] explor+ p>ties1 ev5 9 our own day1 h f\nd ! jungle alone inv9cible4 ,/eel1 gunp[d] & ! bloodh\nds op5$ ! way1 & ! m>* cont9u$ :ile ! burd5 ( gold increas$ daily4 ,x is curi\s to read ( ! complete effront]y ) :i* ^! l& pirates comm&e]$ all ! gold !re 0 9 sight4 ,f ,comagre 7 receiv$ #djjj ounces--8a gift02 f ,panca1 t5 p\nds2 ,*iapes disgorg$ #ejj p\nds to pur*ase favor2 f ,cocura #fej pesos wor? ( ! yell[ metal & f ,tumaco #fdj pesos besides two bas9s full ( pe>ls ( :i* #bdj 7 ( extraord9>y size4 ,! names ( ^! dead & gone ,indian *iefs signify no?+ today1 b ?is p>tial li/ ( contributions %[s t z a collector ,balboa 0 z effici5t z ! ,wisk9kie ( ,tammany ,hall4 ,n c\nt+ pe>ls & girls--( bo? ( :i* commodities l>ge /ore 0 ga!r$ up--! spoil ( ! exp$ition exce$$ #dj1jjj pesos 9 value4 ,x 0 ,septemb] #bi1 #aeac1 t at la/ ,balboa & 8 m5 rea*$ ! ,pacific4 ,be+ ,/4 ,mi*ael's day !y nam$ ! inlet ( ! sea !y _h atta9$ ! ,gulf ( ,/4 ,mi*ael4 ,on _! fir/ arrival !y f\nd !y _h rea*$ ! sea1 b n ! wat]1 = ! tide :i* at t po9t rises & falls tw5ty feet1 0 out & a mile or m ( muddy bea* int]sp]s$ ) b\ld]s int]v5$ betwe5 !m & ! wat]'s edge4 ,s !y sat d[n until ! tide _h return$ :5 ,balboa wad$ 9 ?igh deep & claim$ l& & sea1 all its isl&s & its b\nd>ies = ! ,k+ ( ,spa94 ,aft] hav+ ?us p]=m$ ! ne$ful !atrical c]emonies1 he return$ to ! practical by lead+ 8 m5 to ! slaught] ( "s neighbor+ ,indians ^: gold w5t to swell ! gr[+ ho>d4 ,! ,spani>ds made _! way along ! ,pacific coa/ to a po9t t mu/ h be5 ne> ! pres5t site ( ,panama ,city1 = x is record$ t on a cle> day !y c\ld see ! ,pe>l ,isl&s 9 ! (f+4 ,balboa want$ mightily to raid ^! isl&s1 b felt x m prud5t to ha/5 back to ! ,atlantic coa/ & s5d reports ( 8 discov]y & tribute ( 8 gold to ! ,k+ be=e 8 enemies %\ld :olly undo him4 ,s he made 8 way back1 fight+ & plund]+ new tribes all ! way & leav+ ! natives seem+ly c[$1 b actually full ( hatr$4 ,!y _h le>n$ ! folly ( /&+ aga9/ ! :ite man's arms4 8,:o t _h any bra9s10 ask$ "o *iefta9 t\*+ ,balboa's sword1 8w\ld cont5d aga9/ ?is macana :i* at "o bl[ c cleave a man 9 two80 ,illu/ration3 ,,des]t$ ,,native ,,hut ,note ! pr(usion ( p9eapples gr[+ wild1 )\t fur!r att5tion !y w ?rive & multiply ,! return 0 made to ,antigua :]e ,balboa 0 receiv$ ) l\d acclaim4 ,inde$ he _h accompli%$ ! incr$ible4 ,n only _h he discov]$ a new ocean1 n only _h he br\ght home booty wor? a duk$om1 b 9 ! height ( ! ra9y season he _h m>*$ #aij m5 ?r\gh ! unkn[n jungle1 fight+ pit*$ battles almo/ e day1 tak+ food & dr9k :]e he c\ld f9d x or go+ )\t1 & f9ally br\ght all back )\t los+ a man4 ,no exp$ition s9ce1 ev5 ! peaceful sci5tific or survey+ ones ( our own days1 has equal$ ?is record4 ,he _h left ! ,indians pacifi$1 if res5tful1 & ! lett] :i* he s5t (f to ,k+ ,f]d9& 0 a mode/ report ( a mo/ notable a*ievem5t4 8,9 all 8 long lett]10 says ,pet] ,m>tyr1 8!re is n a s+le leaf writt5 :i* does n conta9 ?anks to ,almighty ,god = deliv]ance f p]ils & pres]vation f _m imm95t dang]s40 ,b ,vasco ,nunez de ,balboa n[ approa*$ ! unhappy & undes]v$ close ( a glori\s c>e]4 ,z 8 lett] w5t sl[ly across ! seas 9 a clumsy galleon to ,spa91 "o ,p$r>ias ) a commission to gov]n ,balboa's prov9ce & to deal out summ>y ju/ice to ,balboa1 :o _h be5 repres5t$ to ! ,k+ z a trea*]\s villa91 0 on ! ,atlantic mak+ = ! ,new ,_w4 ,:5 ,f]d9& receiv$ ,balboa's lett] he w\ld h giv5 mu* to recall 8 ha/y commission to ,p$r>ias1 b !re 0 no wireless 9 ^? days1 & ! new gov]nor1 ) p[] ( life & dea? ov] ,balboa1 0 n[ well out at sea4 ,! bl[ did n fall at once4 ,on arrival at ,santa ,m>ia de la ,antigua 9 ,june1 #aead1 ,p$r>ias s5t a c\ri] to ,balboa to ann\nce 8 com+ & 8 au?ority4 ,! devot$ foll[]s ( ,vasco ,nunez 7 = resi/+ ! latt]1 assur+ him t ! ,k+ c\ld n h receiv$ ! report ( 8 notable discov]y1 else he w\ld n ?us h be5 supplant$4 ,balboa h[ev] submitt$ gracefully1 promis+ ! newcom] implicit ob$i5ce4 ,p$r>ias1 ?\gh *>g$ to try ,balboa = treason1 conceal$ 8 ord]s until he _h ga!r$ all ! useful in=mation t ! old *iefta9 c\ld imp>t & won _m ( 8 foll[]s to 8 own p]sonal support4 ,!n he arre/$ ,balboa & put him on trial1 only to h him triumphantly acquitt$4 ,p$r>ias 0 disgu/$4 ,he hat$ ,balboa & fe>$ 8 influ5ce 9 ! colony4 ,= 8 own "p he 0 te>+ d[n ! little k+dom 8 pr$ecessor _h erect$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:at ,,!y ,,/ill ,,call ,a ,,road ,,9 ,,panama ,balboa _h f\ght ! ,indian tribes to _! knees1 !n placat$ !m1 fre$ !m )\t torture & made !m 8 allies4 ,p$r>ias appli$ ! me?ods ( ! slave trad] to ! native population4 ,nev] 0 su* mis]y heap$ ^u an almo/ helpless foe1 save :5 lat] 8 apt pupil ,piz>ro invad$ ,p]u4 ,! natives 7 murd]$1 enslav$1 robb$1 />v$4 ,z ,bancr(t says1 89 addition to gold !re 7 always wom5 = baptism1 lu/ & slav]y40 ,! :ole ,i/hmus blaz$ ) w>1 & :]e ,balboa _h conqu]$ )\t los+ a man ,p$r>ias lo/ #gj 9 "o campaign4 ,"o ( ^! raids 0 into ! t]ritory n[ kn[n z ! ,canal ,zone4 ,on "o raid ,balboa compla9$ to ! ,k+ !re 80 p]petrat$ ! greate/ cruelty ev] he>d ( 9 ,arabian or ,*ri/ian c\ntry 9 any g5]ation4 ,& x is ?is4 ,! capta9 & ! surviv+ ,*ri/ians1 :ile on ?is j\rney1 took ne>ly #ajj ,indians ( bo? sexes1 mo/ly wom5 & *ildr51 fa/5$ !m ) *a9s & aft]w>ds ord]$ !m to be decapitat$ & scalp$40 ,illu/ration3 ,,outdoor ,,life ,,( ,,! ,,natives ,! tree is a mango s load$ ) fruit t ! b\ghs droop4 ,! fruit is seldom lik$ by o!rs ?an natives ,ill feel+ rapidly increas$ betwe5 ,p$r>ias & ,balboa4 ,! =m] ) ! jeal\sy & timidity ( an old man cont9ually suspect$ ,balboa ( plott+ aga9/ him4 ,8 suspicion 0 n allay$ :5 royal ord]s arriv$ f ,spa9 creat+ ,balboa adelantado & gov]nor ( ! newly discov]$ ,pacific coa/4 ,! title s\nd$ well b he w\ld h to fight to e/abli% 8 gov]nm5t ov] ! ,indians & ev5 !n ,p$r>ias w\ld be 8 sup]ior4 ,b he det]m9$ to make ! ef=t1 ?\gh ) ! :ole ,i/hmus 9 w>-pa9t because ( ! cruelties ( ,p$r>ias he w\ld h to fight e in* ( 8 way4 ,moreov] he tri$ to c>ry across ! i/hmus ! hulls ( f\r brigant9es1 con/ruct$ on ! ,atlantic coa/ & design$ to be put toge!r on ! ,pacific4 ,j :y he attempt$ ?is exploit is p]plex+1 = !re 7 z good timb] & bett] h>bors = %ipy>ds on ! ,pacific side4 ,ne>ly #bjjj ,indian lives 7 sacrific$ 9 ! he>t-r5d+ task ( c>ry+ ^! heavy burd5s ?r\gh ! jungle1 & :5 ! task 0 end$ x 0 f\nd t ! timb]s ( two ( ! %ips 7 useless1 hav+ be5 honeycomb$ by worms4 ,two h[ev] 7 seawor?y & ) !m he put =? into ! ,pacific1 b a great s*ool ( :ales enc\nt]$ ne> ! ,pe>l ,isl&s1 :]e ev5 today !y are frequ5tly se51 affright$ 8 m5 :o made him turn back4 ,9 8 p>ty 0 a man :o _h fall5 9 love ) ,balboa's beautiful mi/ress1 ! daught] ( ! ,indian cacique ,c>eta4 ,%e _h be5 annoy$ by 8 advances & compla9$ to ,vasco ,nunez1 :o w>n$ ! man to desi/1 accompany+ ! w>n+ ) rem>ks natural to ! situation4 ,?is man ov]he>d a conv]sation1 really conc]n+ "s pit* & iron = ! %ips b :i* might be di/ort$ to convey ! impression t ,balboa 0 plott+ ! ov]?r[ ( ,p$r>ias4 ,by an unlucky *ance ! eavesdropp] 0 *os5 z "o ( a p>ty to c>ry dispat*es to ,p$r>ias1 & _h no soon] rea*$ ! pres5ce ( t blood?ir/y old conqui/adore ?an he d5\nc$ ,balboa z a traitor4 ,moreov] he r\s$ ! old man's vanity by tell+ him t ,balboa 0 s infatuat$ ) 8 mi/ress t he w\ld nev] m>ry ! gov]nor's daught]--a m>riage :i* _h be5 arrang$ & ann\nc$ z an affair ( /ate4 ,9 a rage ,p$r>ias det]m9$ to put an end to ,balboa4 ,accord+ly he wrote a pleasant lett]1 besee*+ him to come to ,santa ,m>ia = a conf]5ce4 ,t ,balboa came will+ly is evid5ce en\gh t he _h no guilty k ( any plot4 ,be=e he rea*$ 8 de/9ation h[ev] he 0 met by ,piz>ro ) an arm$ gu>d :o arre/$ him4 ,no ^w ( 8 c\ld *ange ! pre>rang$ program4 ,he 0 tri$ b ev5 ! s]vile c\rt :i* convict$ him recomm5d$ m]cy1 :i* ! malignant ,p$r>ias refus$4 ,/raightway1 ^u ! v]dict ! great explor]1 ) f\r ( 8 m5 condemn$ ) him1 0 m>*$ to ! scaffold 9 ! ,plaza1 :]e /ood ! block4 ,9 a neighbor+ hut1 pull+ ap>t ! wattl$ canes ( :i* x 0 built t he might pe] out :ile himself unse5 ,p$r>ias gloat$ at ! sight ( ! blood ( ! man :om he hat$ ) ! insane hatr$ ( a base & malignant s\l4 ,!re ! heads ( ! f\r 7 /rick5 (f1 & ) ! /roke di$ ,vasco ,nunez de ,balboa1 ! man ^: "n m ?an any o!r man's des]ves to be l9k$ ) t ( ,columbus 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,i/hmus ( ,panama4 ,x 0 9 #aeag1 & ,balboa 0 b =ty-two ye>s old4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,hut ,,& ,,op5-,,air ,,kit*5 ,_h ! bungl+ & cruel ,p$r>ias nev] be5 s5t to ! ,i/hmus t "p ( ! c\ntry kn[n z ! ,d>i5 might by n[ be z civiliz$ z ! ,*iriqui prov9ce4 ,z x 01 ! ?riv+ settlem5ts ( ,acla & ,antigua langui%$ & disappe>$1 & ! legacy ( hatr$ left by ! ,indians ( t day is s p]si/5t t ! :ite man has nev] be5 able to e/abli% himself on ! ea/]n end ( ! ,i/hmus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cocoanut ,,grove ,,on ,,! ,,c>ibbean ,,coa/ ,fate has dealt h>%ly ) ! memory ( ,balboa4 ,keats1 9 8 be/ kn[n & mo/ quot$ sonnet1 gives cr$it = 8 discov]y to ,cortez4 ,local tradition has be/[$ 8 "n on a hill he nev] saw1 & ,panamanian f9ancial legislation has giv5 8 "n to a co9 :i* is nev] co9$--exi/+ z a fictiti\s unit l our mill4 ,he did n himself realize ! va/ness ( 8 discov]y1 & gave ! mislead+ "n ( ! ,s\? ,sea to :at 0 ! ,pacific ,ocean4 ,b "t is mak+ its am5ds4 ,hi/ory w accord ) ! v]dict ( ,john ,fiske :o said ( him3 8,?us p]i%$ 9 ! =ty-second ye> ( 8 age ! man :o1 b = t trifle ( iron & pit*1 w\ld probably h be5 ! conqu]or ( ,p]u4 ,x 0 a pity t su* "w %\ld n h fall5 into 8 h&s1 = :5 at l5g? x 0 done1 x 0 by m5 f> inf]ior to him 9 "* & calib]4 ,"o _c b wi% t he might h gone on 8 way l ,cortez1 & work$ out ! re/ ( 8 contemplat$ c>e] 9 accordance ) ! g5ius t 0 9 him4 ,t bright attractive figure & its sad fate c nev] fail to arre/ ! att5tion & deta9 ! /eps ( ! hi/orian z he passes by4 ,q possibly ! romantic "* ( ! /ory may h ?r[n some?+ ( a glam\r ab\t ! p]son ( ! victim1 s t unconsci\sly we t5d to emphasize 8 m]its :ile we t\* lightly ^u 8 faults4 ,b aft] all1 ?is effect is no m ?an t :i* 8 p]sonality wr\ght ^u ! m9ds ( contempor>y witnesses1 :o 7 unanim\s 9 _! expressions ( e/eem = ,balboa1 & ( condemnation = ! mann] ( 8 tak+ (f40 ,illu/ration3 ,ramsay1 ,photo ,,canal ,,commission ,,/one ,,cru%]1 ,,porto ,,bello ,& f9ally ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t has act$ wisely & ju/ly :5 9 decree+ a great port1 l9$ ) massive docks1 ! /opp+ place = all ! argosies ( trade ent]+ or leav+ ! ,canal at its ,pacific end1 !y conf]r$ ^u x ! "n ,balboa4 ,x w /& a fitt+ monum5t to ! great soldi] & explor] ^: murd] affect$ = ! worse all ,c5tral ,am]ica & ,p]u4 ,b to return to ,porto ,bello4 ,balboa's own association ) t settlem5t 0 ( ! v briefe/1 b ! influ5ce ( 8 discov]y 0 to x all important4 ,= ! discov]y ( ! ,pacific l$ to ! conque/ ( ,p]u "u ,piz>ro1 ! f\nd+ ( ,old ,panama & ! developm5t at ,porto ,bello ( ! port ?r\gh :i* all ! weal? wrung f t hapless l& ( ! ,incas f\nd its ,atlantic outlet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,huts ,,ne> ,,porto ,,bello ,! ,indians ( ?is region are fi%]m5 & fam\s navigators4 ,!y %ip on vessels leav+ ,colon = f> di/ant ports ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,indian ,,family ,,( ,,! ,,d>i5 ,! /ory ( ,old ,panama may be res]v$ = a lat] *apt]1 ev5 ?\gh ! rise & fall ( bo? ,nombre de ,dios & ,porto ,bello 7 *iefly dep5d5t ^u ! *ief ,spani% city ( ! ,pacific coa/4 ,= great z 0 ! /ore ( gold1 silv] & jewels torn f ! ,i/hmian ,indians & s5t f ^! ,spani% ports back to ,spa91 x 0 a m]e rivulet comp>$ to ! flood ( gold t p\r$ ?r\gh ! n>r[ trails across ! ,i/hmus aft] ,piz>ro began 8 ravi%m5t ( ,p]u4 ,) ! conque/ ( ! ,l& ( ! ,incas1 & ! plund] !re( t made ( ! ,i/hmus a mighty treasure h\se attract+ all ! vampires & vultures ( a pr$atory day1 we h little to d "h4 ,en\gh to po9t out t all t 0 extort$ f ! ,p]uvians 0 s5t by %ip to ,panama & !nce by mule c>riage ei!r across ! trail to ,nombre de ,dios or ,porto ,bello1 or else by l& c>riage to "s po9t on ! ,*agres ,riv]1 usually ,v5ta ,cruces1 & !nce by ! riv] to ,san ,lor5zo & d[n ! coa/ to ,porto ,bello4 ,nor did ! mules return ) empty packs4 ,! ,p]uvians b\ght f ! b&its :o robb$ !m1 & goods 7 br\ght f ,spa9 to be %ipp$ f ,panama to ,s\? ,am]ica & ev5 to ! ,philipp9es4 ,x seems odd to u today ) 8! ,philipp9e problem0 engag+ political att5tion1 & ) ,am]ican m]*ants hop+ t ! canal may /imulate a pr(itable ,philipp9e trade1 t ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago ,spani% m]*ants f\nd pr(it 9 s5d+ goods by galleons to ,porto ,bello1 by mule-pack across ! ,i/hmus & by sail+ vessel aga9 to ,manila4 ,p]haps to ! 8effici5cy exp]ts0 ( :om we are he>+ s mu* ^! days1 x might be wor? :ile to add "s exp]ts 9 ent]prise4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood & ,und]wood ,,ru9$ ,,spani% ,,=t ,,at ,,porto ,,bello ,n[ us$ z an ,am]ican cemet]y4 ,! site is "o ( inf9ite beauty1 b ! cemet]y is neglect$ ,z ?is ,spani% trade increas$ ! corsairs or buccane]s sprung into be+--pla9 pirates1 :o prey$ on ,spani% comm]ce alone1 f9d+ excuse 9 ! fact t ! ,spani% 7 ,ca?olics1 or 9 ! plea t ,spa9 _h no "r to monopolize ,am]ican trade4 ,! excuses 7 m]e subt]fuges1 b s]v$ 9 a day :5 piracy 0 w9k$ at4 ,! m5 (f]+ !m 7 n animat$ by religi\s convictions1 nor w\ld !y h engag$ 9 ! ,am]ican trade if p]mitt$4 ,= !m ! m excit+ & pr(itable pursuit ( piracy1 & ?is !y pu%$ ) su* vigor t by #aebf ! m]*ant vessels 9 ! trade w\ld sail toge!r 9 "o fleet gu>d$ by m5-(-w>4 ,at times ^! fleets numb]$ z _m z =ty sail1 all c>ry+ guns4 ,! sy/em ( trade--all regulat$ by royal decree--0 = ! %ips to sail = ,c>tag5a on ! coa/ ( ,colombia1 a voyage occupy+ usually ab\t two mon?s4 ,arriv$ !re1 a c\ri] 0 s5t to ,porto ,bello & on to ,panama ) tid+s ( ! approa* ( ! fleet4 ,o!r c\ri]s spread ! tid+s ?r\gh\t ! nor!rn prov9ces ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood & ,und]wood ,,san ,,blas ,,lugg]s ,,at ,,an*or ,! fleet w\ld commonly /ay at ,c>tag5a a mon?1 ?\gh local m]*ants (t5 brib$ ! g5]al 9 comm& to delay x long]4 ,= ) ! arrival ( ! %ips ! t[n awoke to a brief & deliri\s p]iod ( trad+4 ,m]*ants flock$ to ,c>tag5a ) indigo1 tobacco & cocoa f ,v5ezuela1 gold & em]alds f ,new ,granada1 pe>ls f ,m>g>ita & products ( div]s sorts f ! neighbor+ l&s4 ,:ile ?is bus9ess 0 9 progress1 & ! newly lad5 galleons 7 creep+ along ! coa/ to ,nombre de ,dios & ,porto ,bello1 ^w _h be5 s5t to ,lima = ! plate fleet to come to ,panama be>+ ! tribute to ! ,k+--gold /ripp$ f ! walls ( temples1 pe>ls pri$ f ! eyes ( sacr$ images1 ornam5ts wre/$ f ! arms & necks ( native wom5 by a rude & ribald soldi]y4 ,) ! plate fleet came also num]\s vessels tak+ advantage ( ! convoy1 ?\gh inde$ !re 0 little dang] f pirates on ! ,pacific4 ,! ,atlantic1 be+ ne>] ,european civilization1 sw>m$ ) ^! g5try4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,tee? ,,oe ,,! ,,tropics ,skeletoniz$ jaws ( a ,bayano riv] crocodile ,at ,panama all 0 transf]r$ to mules & />t$ = ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,s great 0 ! volume ( treasure & ( goods to be transport$ t ! n>r[ trail along :i* ! mules proce$$ 9 s+le file1 usually #ajj 9 a c>avan or tra91 0 occupi$ almo/ f "o end to ! o!r1 & ! t9kl+ ( ! mule-bells1 & ! cries ( ! mulete]s 7 seldom /ill$4 ,indians sometimes raid$ ! trail & cut out a load$ mule or two1 & ! buccane]s at "o "t1 f9d+ robb]y by sea monoton\s1 l&$ & won ri* booty by raid+ a treasure c>avan4 ,! bulki] articles ( comm]ce 7 pack$ 9 c>ts at ,panama & s5t to ,v5ta ,cruz :]e !y 7 transf]r$ to flat boats1 & tak5 d[n ! riv] to ,san ,lor5zo & !nce to ,porto ,bello by sea4 ,:5 ! galleons _h ca/ an*or at t port1 & ! m]*ants & c>avans 7 all arriv$ ! little t[n took on an air ( bu/le & excitem5t a/oni%+ to ! visitor :o _h se5 x 9 ! h\rs ( its normal life4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,bridge ,,9 ,,! ,,d>i5 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright1 #aiab1 ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,photo by ,h5ry ,pitti] ,,*oco ,,indian ,,girls ,note ! toes4 ,) !m !y pick up ! smalle/ objects 8,! spectator10 says ,alc$o1 8:o _h j be=e be5 consid]+ ,porto ,bello 9 a poor1 unpeopl$ /ate1 )\t a %ip 9 ! port & brea?+ no?+ b mis]y & wret*$ness1 w\ld rema9 ?und]/ruck at behold+ ! /range alt]ation :i* takes place at ! "t ( ?is fair4 ,n[ he w\ld see ! h\ses cr[d$ ) p1 ! squ>e & ! /reets cramm$ ) *e/s ( gold & silv]1 & ! port cov]$ ) vessels2 "s ( ^! hav+ br\ght by ! riv] ,*agres f ,panama ! effects ( ,p]u1 su* z cacao1 b>k 7qu9a71 vicuna wool1 bezo> /one1 & o!r productions ( ^! prov9ces4 ,he w\ld see o!rs br++ provisions f ,c>tag5a2 & he w\ld reflect t1 h[ev] dete/able might be its climate1 ?is city 0 ! emporium ( ! ri*es ( ! two worlds1 & ! mo/ consid]able comm]cial depot t 0 ev] kn[n40 ,! visitor to ,porto ,bello today may see /ill /&+ ! long /one faade ( ! aduana1 or cu/om h\se1 fac+ ! anci5t plaza4 ,9 t squ>e ! m]*ants erect$ cane boo?s & t5ts made ( sails1 :ile all available space 0 fill$ ) bales ( goods drawn ?i!r on sl$ges4 ,) ! fleet came #ejjj or #fjjj soldi]s1 :o besides ! sailors ne$ful to man ! vessels1 ! m]*ants & _! cl]ks1 ! port]s1 ! buy]s ( all nationalities & ! native sightse]s cr[d$ ! little t[n ( a few hundr$ h\ses s t x appe>$ to be 9 possession ( a mob4 ,an it9]ant prea*]1 ,?omas ,gage1 :o has left "s ent]ta9+ rem9isc5ces ( 8 exp]i5ces on ! ,i/hmus1 tells qua9tly ( seek+ lodg+s dur+ ! fair3 8,:5 ,i came into ! ,hav5 ,i 0 sorry to see t z yet ! ,galeons 7 n come f ,spa9e1 kn[+ t ! long] ,i /ay$ 9 t place1 ! great] w\ld be my *>ges4 ,yet ,i com=t$ myselfe t ! "t ( ye> 0 come1 & t !y c\ld n long delay _! com+4 ,my fir/ ?\ghts 7 ( tak+ up a lodg+1 :i* at t "t 7 pl5tifull & *eape1 nay "s 7 (f]$ me = no?+ ) ?is caveat1 t :5 ! ,galeons did come1 ,i mu/ ei!r leave !m1 or pay a de> rate = !m4 ,a k9d ,g5tleman1 :o 0 ! ,k+s ,treasur]1 fall+ 9 disc\rse ) me1 promis$ to help me1 t ,i might be *eaply lodg$ ev5 :5 ! %ips came1 & lodg+s 7 at ! highe/ rate4 ,he1 int]pos+ 8 au?ority1 w5t ) me to seeke "o1 :i* at ! "t ( ! fleets be+ !re1 might cont9ue to be m9e4 ,x 0 no bigg] ?an w\ld conta9e a b$1 a table1 a /oole or two1 ) roome en\gh beside to op5 & %ut ! doore1 & !y dem&$ ( me = x dur+ ! a=esaid "t ( ! fleet1 sixscore ,cr[nes1 :i* commonly is a =tnight4 ,= ! ,t[ne be+ little1 & ! ,soldi]s1 t come ) ! ,galeons = _! def5ce at lea/ f\r or five ?\s&2 besides m]*ants f ,p]u1 f ,spa9 & _m o!r places to buy & sell1 is causes t e roome ?\gh nev] s small1 be de>2 & sometimes all ! lodg+s 9 ! ,t[ne are few en\gh = s _m p1 :i* at t "t doe meet at ,portobel4 ,i knew a ,m]*ant :o gave a ?\s& ,cr[nes = a %op ( reasonable bignesse1 to sell 8 w>es & commodities t ye] ,i 0 !re1 = fifte5 daies only1 :i* ! ,fleet cont9u$ to be 9 t ,hav54 ,i ?\ght x mu* = me to give ! sixscore ,cr[nes :i* 7 dem&$ ( me = a room1 :i* 0 b z a m\se hole1 & began to be tr\bl$1 & told ! ,k+s ,treasur] t ,i _h be5 lately robb$ at sea1 & 0 n able to give s mu*1 & bee besides at *>ges = my diet1 :i* ,i fe>$ w\ld prove z mu* m4 ,b n a f>?+ w\ld be abat$ ( :at 0 ask$2 :]e ^u ! good ,treasur]1 pity+ me1 (f]$ to ! man ( ! h\se to pay him ?reescore ,cr[nes ( x1 if s be t ,i 0 able to pay ! re/1 :i* ,i mu/ doe1 or else lie )\t 9 ! /reet4 ,yet till ! ,fleet did come ,i w\ld n ent] into ?is de>e hole1 b accept$ ( ano!r faire lodg+ :i* 0 (f]$ me = no?+4 ,:il/ ,i ?us expect$ ! ,fleets com+1 "s money & (f]+s ,i got = ,masses1 & = two ,s]mons :i* ,i prea*$ at fifte5 ,cr[nes a peece4 ,i visit$ ! ,ca/les1 :i* inde$ seem$ unto me to be v /rong2 b :at mo/ ,i wond]$ at 0 to see ! requa's ( ,mules :i* came ?ie!r f ,panama1 lad5 ) w$ges ( silv]2 9 "o day ,i told two hundr$ mules lad5 ) no?+ else1 :i* 7 unlad5 9 ! publicke ,m>ket-place1 s t !re ! heapes ( silv] w$ges lay l heapes ( /ones 9 ! /reet1 )\t any fe>e or suspition ( be+ lo/4 ,)9 t5 daies ! fleet came1 consi/+ ( eight ,galeons & t5 ,m]*ant %ips1 :i* =c$ me to run to my hole4 ,x 0 a wond] !n to see ! multitude ( p 9 ^? /reets :i* ! weeke be=e _h be5 empty4 8,!n began ! price ( all ?+s to rise1 a f[l to be wor? twelve ,rialls1 :i* 9 ! ma9l& )9 ,i _h (t5 b\ght = "o2 a p\nd ( beefe !n 0 wor? two ,rialls1 :]eas ,i _h 9 o!r places ?irte5 p\nds = half a ,riall1 & s ( all o!r food & provisions1 :i* 0 s excessively de>1 t ,i knew n h[ to live b by fi% & ,tortoises1 :i* 7 v _m1 & ?\gh some:at de>e1 yet 7 ! *eape/ meat ,i c\ld eate40 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,huts ,,ne> ,,porto ,,bello ,on ?is annual fair1 & on trade ) ! back c\ntry1 bo? ,nombre de ,dios & ,porto ,bello wax$ prosp]\s & luxuri\s4 ,prosp]ity 0 a dang]\s quality = a t[n or a man to exhibit 9 ^? days :5 mon>*s set ! example ( !ft & extortion1 & private plund]]s 7 quick to foll[ x4 ,s ,nombre de ,dios 0 e>ly made ! po9t ( an audaci\s raid by ,sir ,francis ,drake4 ,?\gh ,drake 0 a bold adv5tur]1 he is giv5 a measure ( immortality by a /atue 9 ,bad51 ! inscription on :i* celebrates him z ! introduc] ( potatoes into ,europe4 ,b p]sonal pr(it1 n potatoes1 _h 8 *ief att5tion1 ?\gh z a side issue he engag$ 9 ! slave trade4 ,july #bi1 #aegb1 he made a desc5t ^u ,nombre de ,dios ) #gc m5 arm$1 accord+ to a writ] ( ! "t1 ) 8#f ,t>gets2 #f ,fire ,pikes2 #ab ,pikes2 #bd ,muskets & ,calliv]s2 #af ,b[es & #f ,p>tizans2 #b ,drums & #b ,trumpets40 ,8 m5 l&$ f p9naces & aft] enc\nt]+ 8a jolly hot volley ( %ot0 9 ! plaza put ! ,spani>ds to flight4 ,at ! po9t ( a sword a captive 0 =c$ to lead ! raid]s to ! ,gov]nor's h\se :]e to 8 joy ,drake discov]$ a /ack ( silv] +ots wor? a million p\nds /]l+4 ,b 'twas an emb>rassm5t ( ri*es1 = ! b>s 7 ( #dj p\nds weight ea* & !re=e h>d to move1 s ,drake s\ght ! ,k+'s ,treasure ,h\se :]e he hop$ to f9d m movable weal?4 ,z ! door 0 be+ brok5 d[n he fa9t$ f loss ( blood1 & z he lay spee*less on ! sill ! ,spani>ds ralli$ & attack$ ! invad]s4 ,?\gh ,drake reviv+ s\ght to hold 8 m5 up to ! fight1 !y _h lo/ _! da%1 & despite 8 prote/ations c>ri$ him bodily to ! boats4 ,! m5 7 wis] ?an _! lead] because x 0 ! *ance arrival ( "s soldi]s f ,panama t _h ralli$ ! populace ( ! t[n1 & ! ,engli%1 depriv$ ( ,drake's lead]%ip1 w\ld c]ta9ly h be5 ov]:elm$4 ,t lead] h[ev] griev$ s9c]ely :5 a ,spani% spy told him lat] t !re 7 #cfj tons ( silv] 9 ! t[n & _m *e/s ( gold 9 ! treasure h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c\ntry ,,back ,,( ,,porto ,,bello ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,wom5 ,,( ,,! ,,savannas ,,be>+ ,,burd5s ,) 8 appetite :ett$ = treasure ,drake retir$ to plan a m pr(itable raid4 ,?is 0 to be no?+ less ?an a l& exp$ition to cut (f "o ( ! treasure c>avans j outside ( old ,panama on its way d[n ! ,nombre de ,dios trail4 ,_h ! ,indian population be5 z ho/ile to ! ,engli% !n z !y became 9 lat] days ?is w\ld h be5 a m p]il\s task4 ,b at ?is "t ! m5 :o lurk$ 9 ! jungles1 or hunt$ on ! broad savannas _h "o bea/ ( prey !y fe>$ & hat$ m ?an ! lion or ! boa--! ,spani>d4 ,:e!r ,indian or ,cimm>oon--z ! escap$ slaves 7 call$--e man out 9 t tropic wild]ness _h "s good gr\nd = hat+ ! ,spani>ds1 & s :5 ,drake & 8 m5 came1 pr(ess+ !mselves enemies ( ! ,spani>ds likewise1 ! c\ntry folk made no w> ^u !m b aid$ !m to creep d[n almo/ )9 sight ( ,panama4 ,halt+ "h1 at a po9t :i* mu/ h be5 well )9 ! ,canal ,zone & :i* x seems probable 0 ne> ! spot :]e ! ,p$ro ,miguel locks n[ rise1 !y s5t a spy into ! t[n :o soon br\ght back in=mation z to ! "t :5 ! fir/ mule-tra9 w\ld come out4 ,all seem$ easy !n4 ,mo/ ( ! travel across ! i/hmus 0 by night to avoid ! heat ( ! day4 ,drake dispos$ 8 m5 by ! side ( ! trail--two ,indians or ,cimm>oons to ea* armor$ ,engli%man4 ,! latt] _h put _! %irts on outside ( _! brea/plates s t !y might be told 9 ! d>k by ! :ite clo?--= ! anci5t *ronicl]s w\ld h u believe !m punctili\s ab\t _! laundry "w4 ,all 7 to lie sil5t 9 ! jungle until ! tra9 _h pass$1 !n clos+ 9 beh9d cut (f all retreat to ,panama--:5 ho6 = ! fat panni]s cramm$ ) gold & preci\s /ones6 ,illu/ration3 ,,cam9a ,,reale1 ,,or ,,royal ,,road ,,ne> ,,porto ,,bello ,! plan 0 simplicity itself & 0 defeat$ by an equally simple mis*ance4 ,! dr9ks ( ! ,i/hmus :i*1 z we h se51 ! ,spani>ds comm5d$ mightily :5 !y drank1 7 trea*]\s 9 _! work+s ^u ! human m9d--a quality :i* has n pass$ away ) ! buccane]s & cimm>oons1 b /ill p]si/s4 ,"o ( ,drake's jolly cut?roats1 be+ ov] =tifi$ ) native rum = 8 nocturnal vigil1 he>d ! t9kle ( mule bells & rose to 8 feet4 ,! lead+ mulete] turn$ 8 animal & fl$1 cry+ to ! sa9ts to protect him f ! %eet$ spect] 9 ! pa?4 ,! capta9 9 *>ge ( ! c>avan 0 dubi\s ab\t gho/s1 b1 !re be+ a numb] ( mules load$ ) gra9 at h&1 conclud$ to s5d !m on to see if !re 7 any?+ ab\t ! gho/s :i* a prop] pray] to ! sa9t ( ! day w\ld exorcise4 ,s ! ,engli%m5 aga9 he>d ! t9kl+ mule bells1 wait$ ?is "t 9 l[ brea?+ sil5ce to let ! ri* prize pass1 !n ) %\ts ( triumph da%$ f ! jungle1 cut d[n or %ot ! luckless mulete]s1 & sw>m$ ab\t ! c>avan eag] to cut ! bags & get at ! booty--& 7 rew>d$ ) sundry bu%els ( gra9 int5d$ to fe$ ! cr[ds at ,nombre de ,dios4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,lady ,,( ,,! ,,savanna ,! disa/] 0 irrep>able4 ,! true treasure tra9 at ! fir/ upro> _h fl$ back to ! walls ( ,panama4 ,no?+ 0 left to ,drake & 8 m5 b to plod back empty h&$ to ,cruces1 :]e !y _h left _! boats4 ,( c\rse !y raid$ ! t[n be=e leav+ b ! season 0 (f & ! w>eh\ses b>r54 ,back !y w5t to ! coa/ & reliev$ _! feel+s by ransack+ a few coa/wise t[ns & hurl+ taunts at ! gov]nor ( ,c>tag5a4 ,%ortly !reaft] !y r5ew$ _! ent]prise & did ?is "t capture ! treasure tra91 gett+ p]haps #ajj1jjj wor? ( plund]1 ) b little loss4 ,"s ,fr5* pirates "u ,capta9 ,tetu1 :o _h jo9$ 9 ! adv5ture1 suff]$ m sev]ely & _! capta91 w\nd$ & ab&on$ 9 ! =e/1 0 put to dea? by ! ,spani>ds ) c]ta9 ( _! favorite me?ods ( torture4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,*ildr51 ,,panama ,,prov9ce ,aft] a "t 9 ,engl& ,drake return$ to ! ,c>ibbean ) a consid]able naval =ce1 h>ri$ ! coa/1 burn$ & sack$ "s t[ns1 includ+ ,nombre de ,dios1 & obta9$ heavy ransom f o!rs4 ,he put into ! h>bor ( ,porto ,bello1 ) ! int5t ( tak+ x also1 b :ile hesitat+ be=e ! =midable =tresses ( ! place 0 /ruck d[n by dea?4 ,8 body1 encas$ 9 lead1 0 sunk 9 ! bay ne> p]haps to ! anci5t %ips :i* our dr$ges h br\ght to light4 ,! ,engli% long rev]$ him z a great sailor & comm&]1 :i* he 01 ?\gh a reckless adv5tur]4 ,8 mo/ p]man5t influ5ce on ! hi/ory ( ! ,i/hmus 0 8 demon/ration t ,nombre de ,dios 0 incapable ( def5se1 & its consequ5t disappe>ance f ! map4 ,su* greatness z _h p]ta9$ to ,nombre de ,dios 0 soon assum$ by ,porto ,bello1 :i* soon grew f> beyond ! size atta9$ by its pr$ecessor4 ,x became inde$ a sub/antially built t[n1 & its =tresses on ! t[]+ heights on ei!r side ( ! beautiful bay seem$ fit to repel any invad]--not)/&+ :i* ! t[n 0 repeat$ly tak5 by ! ,engli%4 ,ev5 today ! ru9s ( t[n & =ts are impressive1 m s ?an any ru9s readily accessible on ! cont95t1 ?\gh to see !m at _! be/ y mu/ be !re :5 ! jungle has be5 newly cut away1 else all is lo/ 9 a canopy ( gre54 ,across ! bay f ! t[n1 ab\t a mile & a half1 /& /ill ! remnants ( ! 8,iron ,ca/le0 on a t[]+ bluff1 ,ca/le ,gloria & ,=t ,g]onimo4 ,^! def5sive works 7 built ( /one1 cut f reefs "u ! wat] f\nd all along ! coa/4 ,almo/ z light z pumice /one & s(t & easily work$ :5 fir/ cut1 ?is /one h>d5s on exposure s t x w /op a ball )\t splitt+ or *ipp+4 ,:5 ,admiral ,v]non1 ( ! ,briti% navy1 _h captur$ ! t[n 9 #agci1 he tri$ to demoli% ! =t & f\nd tr\ble en\gh4 8,! walls ( ! l[] batt]y10 he record$1 8consi/+ ( #bb guns1 7 n9e foot ?ick & ( a h>d /one cem5t$ ) su* f9e mort> t x 0 a long "w to make any impression 9 x1 to come to m9e at all1 s t ! bl[+ up took sixte5 or eighte5 days40 ,ev5 today ! relics ( ! ,iron ,=t pres5t an air ( bygone p[] & ! ru/y cannon /ill ly+ by ! embrasures br+ back vividly ! days ( ! buccane]s4 ,inh]it+ ! greatness & prosp]ity ( ,nombre de ,dios1 ,porto ,bello inh]it$ also its unpleasant prom95ce z a t>get = ! sea rov]4 ,fr5* filibu/]s & v>i\s buccane]s raid$ x at _! fancy1 :ile ! black ,cimm>oons ( ! ma9l& lay 9 wait = c>avans ent]+ or leav+ its gates4 ,to describe1 or ev5 to enum]ate1 all ! raids ^u ! t[n w\ld be we>isome to ! read]4 ,mo/ savage1 h[ev]1 ( ! pe/s t attack$ ! place 0 ,sir ,h5ry ,morgan1 ! ,wel% buccane]1 ^: exploits are s fully & admir+ly relat$ by ,esquemel+ t we may foll[ 8 n>rative1 bo? ( ! sack ( ,porto ,bello1 & ! lat] de/ruction ( ! ,ca/le ( ,san ,lor5zo4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bull-,,rid] ,,& ,,native ,,c> ,,at ,,b\quette1 ,,*iriqui ,x 0 9 #affh t ,morgan made 8 fir/ attack ^u ,porto ,bello4 8,"h10 wrote ,esquemel+1 8are ! ca/les1 almo/ inexpugnable1 t def5d ! city1 be+ situat$ at ! entry ( ! port2 s t no %ip or boat c pass )\t p]mission4 ,! g>rison consi/s ( ?ree hundr$ soldi]s1 & ! t[n is con/antly inhabit$ by f\r hundr$ families1 m or less4 ,! m]*ants dwell n "h1 b only reside = a:ile1 :5 ! galleons come or g f ,spa92 by reason ( ! unheal?9ess ( ! air1 occasion$ by c]ta9 vapors t exhale f ! m\nta9s4 ,not)/&+ _! *ief w>eh\ses are at ,porto ,bello1 h[beit _! habitations be all ! ye> long at ,panama2 :5ce !y br+ ! plate ^u mules at su* times z ! fair beg9s1 & :5 ! %ips1 belong+ to ! ,company ( ,negroes1 arrive "h to sell slaves40 ,morgan's exp$ition consi/$ ( n9e %ips & ab\t #dfj m51 ne>ly all ,briti%--too small a =ce to v5ture aga9/ su* a /ronghold4 ,b ! intrepid comm&] w\ld li/5 to no opposition4 ,8 %ips he an*or$ ne> ,manzanillo ,isl& :]e n[ /&s ,colon4 ,!nce by small boats he convey$ all save a few ( 8 m5 to a po9t ne> ! l&w>d side ( ! t[n1 = he fe>$ to attack by sea because ( ! great /r5g? ( ! =ts4 ,hav+ tak5 ! ,ca/le ( ,triana he resolv$ to %ock & horrify ! inhabitants ( ! t[n by a de$ ( cold-blood$ & :olesale murd]1 & accord+ly drove all ! def5d]s into a s+le "p ( ! ca/le & ) a great *>ge ( gunp[d] demoli%$ x & !m toge!r4 ,if horrifi$1 ! ,spani>ds 7 n t]rifi$1 b cont9u$ bravely ! def5se ( ! works !y /ill held4 ,= a "t ! issue ( ! battle look$ d>k = ,morgan1 :5 to 8 call\s & brutal m9d !re occurr$ an idea wor?y ( him alone4 ,let u foll[ ,esquemel+'s n>rative aga93 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,indians ,,call ,,h] ,a ,,wit* 8,to ?is effect1 !re=e1 he ord]$ t5 or twelve ladd]s to be made1 9 all possible ha/e1 s broad t ?ree or f\r m5 at once might asc5d !m4 ,^! be+ f9i%$1 he comm&$ all ! religi\s m5 & wom5 :om he _h tak5 prison]s to fix !m aga9/ ! walls ( ! ca/le4 ,?us mu* he _h be=eh& ?reat5$ ! gov]nor to p]=m1 9 case he deliv]$ n ! ca/le4 ,b 8 answ] 03 #8,i w nev] surr5d] myself alive4' ,capta9 ,morgan 0 mu* p]suad$ t ! gov]nor w\ld n employ 8 utmo/ =ces1 see+ religi\s wom5 & ecclesia/ical p]sons expos$ 9 ! front ( ! soldi]s to ! greate/ dang]s4 ,?us ! ladd]s1 z ,i h said1 7 put into ! h&s ( religi\s p]sons ( bo? sexes2 & ^! 7 =c$ at ! head ( ! companies1 to raise & apply !m to ! walls4 ,b ,capta9 ,morgan 0 deceiv$ 9 8 judgm5t ( ?is design4 ,= ! gov]nor1 :o act$ l a brave & c\rage\s soldi]1 refus$ n1 9 p]=mance ( 8 duty1 to use 8 utmo/ endeavors to de/roy :osoev] came ne> ! walls4 ,! religi\s m5 & wom5 ceas$ n to cry unto him & beg ( him by all ! ,sa9ts ( ,heav5 he w\ld deliv] ! ca/le1 & h]eby sp>e bo? 8 & _! own lives4 ,b no?+ c\ld prevail ) ! ob/9acy & fi]c5ess t _h possess$ ! gov]nor's m9d4 ,?us _m ( ! religi\s m5 & nuns 7 kill$ be=e !y c\ld fix ! ladd]s4 ,:i* at la/ be+ done1 ?\gh ) great loss ( ! said religi\s p1 ! pirates m\nt$ !m 9 great numb]s1 & ) no less val\r2 hav+ fireballs 9 _! h&s & e>!n pots full ( p[d]4 ,all :i* ?+s1 be+ n[ at ! top ( ! walls1 !y k9dl$ & ca/ 9 among ! ,spani>ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,cuna-,,cuna ,,family ,,ne> ,,porto ,,bello ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,a ,,native ,,village ,^! villages are n[ scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! ,canal ,zone b w disappe> z ! ord] expell+ natives f ! ,zone is m ?or\ghly en=c$4 8,?is ef=t ( ! pirates 0 v great1 insomu* z ! ,spani>ds c\ld no long] resi/ nor def5d ! ca/le1 :i* 0 n[ ent]$4 ,h]eupon !y all ?rew d[n _! arms1 & crav$ qu>t] = _! lives4 ,only ! gov]nor ( ! city w\ld admit or crave no m]cy2 b r kill$ _m ( ! pirates ) 8 own h&s1 & n a few ( 8 own soldi]s because !y did n /& to _! arms4 ,& al?\gh ! pirates ask$ him if he w\ld h qu>t]1 yet he con/antly answ]$3 #8,by no means2 ,i _h r die z a valiant soldi]1 ?an be hang$ z a c[>d'4 ,!y endeavor$ z mu* z !y c\ld to take him prison]4 ,b he def5d$ himself s ob/9ately t !y 7 =c$ to kill him2 not)/&+ all ! cries & te>s ( 8 own wife & daught]1 :o begg$ him ^u _! knees he w\ld dem& qu>t] & save 8 life4 ,:5 ! pirates _h possess$ !mselves ( ! ca/le1 :i* 0 ab\t night1 !y enclos$ !re9 all ! prison]s !y _h tak51 plac+ ! wom5 & m5 by !mselves1 ) "s gu>ds ^u !m4 ,all ! w\nd$ 7 put into a c]ta9 ap>tm5t by itself1 to ! int5t _! own compla9ts might be ! cure ( _! disease2 = no o!r 0 af=d$ !m40 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,trail ,,ne> ,,porto ,,bello ,= fifte5 days ! buccane]s held high c>nival 9 ,porto ,bello4 ,drunk mo/ ( ! "t1 weak5$ ) debau*]y & riot1 ) discipl9e ?r[n to ! w9ds1 & capta9s & fight+ m5 scatt]$ all ov] ! t[n 9 pursuit ( wom5 & w9e1 ! outlaws 7 at ! m]cy ( any det]m9$ assailant4 ,esquemel+ said1 8,if !re c\ld h be5 f\nd #ej det]m9$ m5 !y c\ld h retak5 ! city & kill$ all ! pirates4 ,less ?an fifty miles away 0 ,panama ) a heavy g>rison & a ?\s& or m citiz5s capable ( be>+ arms4 ,its gov]nor mu/ h kn[n t ! success ( ! raid on ,porto ,bello w\ld b ar\se ! pirates' lu/ = a sack ( 8 ri*] t[n4 ,b in/ead ( seiz+ ! opportunity to cru% !m :5 !y 7 sodd5 & /upefi$ by debau*]y he s5t pu]ile messages ask+ to be in=m$ ) :at mann] ( weapons !y c\ld h ov]come su* /rong def5ses4 ,morgan naturally repli$ ) an insult & a ?reat to d likewise to ,panama )9 a twelvemon?4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*olo ,,"m ,,& ,,daught] 8,= fifte5 days ! revel 0 ma9ta9$1 e citiz5 :o look$ z if he _h money be+ put to ! torture to compel him to confess :]e he _h hidd5 x4 ,:5 all _h be5 extort$ t seem$ possible ! buccane]s made ready to dep>t4 ,b fir/ ,morgan dem&$ #ajj1jjj pieces ( eight1 9 default ( :i* he w\ld burn ! city & bl[ up ! ca/les4 ,! wret*$ citiz5s s\ght aid ( ! ,presid5t ( ,panama :o 0 z unwill+ to help !m ) gold z ) p[d] & lead4 ,9 "s miracul\s way !y rais$ x1 & ,morgan & 8 m5 dep>t$1 mak+ _! way to t t[n ( revelry1 ,port ,royal1 ( :i* ,i h already spok51 at ! entrance to ,k+/on h>bor4 ,p]haps x is fair to contra/ ) ,esquemel+'s /ory ( ! exploit ,morgan's (ficial report--= ?is wor?y _h a royal commission = 8 de$s4 ,! ,capta9 report$ t he _h left ,porto ,bello 9 z good condition z he f\nd x1 t its p _h be5 well treat$1 s mu* s t 8sev]al ladies ( great quality & o!r prison]s :o 7 (f]$ _! lib]ty to g to ! ,presid5t's camp refus$1 say+ !y 7 n[ prison]s to a p]son ( quality :o 0 m t5d] ( _! honors ?an !y d\bt$ to f9d 9 ! ,presid5t's camp2 & s volunt>ily cont9u$ ) him40 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,cuepa ,,trees ,capta9 ,morgan's own te/imony to 8 k9dness to prison]s & 8 reg>d = female honor impresses "o z q z novel & audaci\s z 8 brilliant idea ( =c+ prie/s & nuns to c>ry ! scal+ ladd]s ) :i* to assault a =tress def5d$ by dev\t ,ca?olics4 ,yet except = little incid5ts ( ?is sort ! :ole crew--,spani% conqui/adores1 ,fr5* filibu/]s & ,briti% buccane]s--7 v t5aci\s ( ! =ms ( religion & o/5tati\s piety4 ,! ,spani>ds 7 always s++ ,te ,deums1 & nam+ _! eng9es ( w> aft] ! sa9ts2 ,capta9 ,daniels1 a ,fr5* filibu/]1 %ot dead a sailor = irrev]5t behavior dur+ mass2 ! ,engli% %ips _h div9e s]vice e ,sunday & pr(anity & gambl+ 7 sometimes prohibit$ 9 ! enli/m5t articles4 ,all ( :i* goes to %[ t p may be v religi\s & /ill a pe/ to humanity--nor is x necess>y to turn to ! buccane]s = in/ances ( ?is fact4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,san ,,lor5zo ,,& ,,panama ,two ye>s ( ! joys ( ,port ,royal empti$ ! pockets ( ! buccane]s4 ,! money t pass$ f h& to h& ov] ! gambl+ tables w5t !nce into ! pockets ( ! hordes ( wom5 f ,spa91 ,france & ev5 ,engl& :o flock$ to t d5 ( ?ieves1 & f !m into ! c(f]s ( m]*ants :o took x back to ,europe4 ,z ! money sl[ly disappe>$ ! m5 clamor$ to be l$ on ano!r raid4 ,s great a reputation _h ,capta9 ,morgan won t desp]adoes f all corn]s ( ! _w flock$ to ,jamaica seek+ enrollm5t 9 8 s]vice4 ,he _h b to give out ! tid+s t he plann$ a new raid to h z f9e an assortm5t ( picturesque cut?roats begg+ = enli/m5t z ev] appe>$ outside ! pages ( a dime novel4 ,designat+ ! s\? side ( ! isl& ( ,tortuga z a r5dezv\s1 he wrote c]ta9 g5try :om ,esquemel+ 9 a matt] ( fact way calls 8! anci5t & exp]t ,pirates !re abid+01 ask+ _! cop]ation4 ,by ! #bd? ( ,octob]1 #afgj1 he _h ga!r$ toge!r #cg %ips fully arm$ & victuall$1 ) #bjjj fight+ m5 besides m>9]s & boys4 ,! *ief %ip m\nt$ #bb great guns & six small brass cannon4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\? ,,( ,,! ,,*agres ,,riv] ,san ,lor5zo /&s on ! br[ ( ! cliff4 ,! wat* t[] may be se5 fa9tly uplift$ ,) ?is =ce ,morgan fir/ attack$ ! isl& ( ,san ,cat]9a1 expect+ to capture !re "s ,indian or ,spani>d :o w\ld guide him to ,panama1 = ! sack ( t city _h be5 det]m9$ ^u 9 pref]5ce to ei!r ,v]a ,cruz or ,c>tag5a1 because x 0 ri*]4 ,! p ( ! isl& 7 9 no condition to resi/ ! ov]:elm+ =ce ( ! ,engli%1 b ! gov]nor begg$ ,morgan to make a %am attack 9 ord] t 8 cr$it & t ( 8 (fic]s might be ma9ta9$ at home1 & accord+ly mu* p[d] 0 ineffectively burn$4 ,x s\nds l a *eap device1 b x has be5 frequ5tly employ$ 9 w> :5 resi/ance 0 obvi\sly futile1 & "s def]5ce to un9=m$ home op9ion 0 prud5t4 ,hav+ secur$ 8 guides1 by ! easy process ( putt+ on ! rack all ! ,indians captur$ until "o 0 f\nd will+ to lead ! raid]s ?r\gh 8 native l&1 ,morgan det]m9$ to move on ,panama by ! ,*agres ,riv] r\te1 probably 9 ord] to take ) him heavy artill]y :i* c\ld sc>cely be dragg$ ?r\gh ! jungle4 ,! fir/ /ep t[>d ! navigation ( ! riv] 0 ! capture ( ,=t ,lor5zo :i* /ood on a high bluff at its m\?4 ,aga9/ ?is fam\s =tress1 !re=e1 he s5t ,col4 ,bradley 7or ,brodley z he is sometimes call$7 ) f\r %ips & ab\t #djj m51 :ile he himself rema9$ at ,/4 ,ca!r9e to conceal f ! ,spani>ds 8 ultimate design aga9/ ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m\? ,,( ,,! ,,*agres ,,f ,,! ,,=t ,! upp] picture %[s ! sea bea* on ! ,pacific ,coa/ litt]$ ) drift-wood ,! visitor to ,colon %\ld n fail1 be=e cross+ to ! ,pacific side ( ! ,i/hmus1 to visit ! ru9s ( ! ,ca/le ( ,san ,lor5zo4 ,! trip is n an easy "o1 & mu/ usually be arrang$ = 9 advance1 b ! end well repays ! ex]tion4 ,! easie/ way1 :5 ! wea!r p]mits1 is to *>t] a tug or motor boat & make ! j\rney by sea--a trip ( two or ?ree h\rs at mo/4 ,b ! ,c>ibbean is a tempe/u\s & a trea*]\s sea4 ,"o may wait days = wea!r p]mitt+ ! trip to be made 9 com=t1 & ev5 !n may f9d a /ormy aft]noon succe$ to a calm morn+4 ,= ?is reason x is ess5tial t a seawor?y boat be procur$ &1 if n ess5tial1 v desirable t ! company be n subject to ! qualms ( seasickness4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,t4 ,j4 ,m>9e ,,! ,,sally-,,port ,,at ,,san ,,lor5zo ,an unusual picture because ( ! cle>+ away ( ! jungle4 ,ord9>ily ! walls are hidd5 ,to my m9d ! m int]e/+ way to visit ! ru9s is to take ! railroad out to ,gatun1 & !re at ! v base ( ! ro>+ spillway1 bo>d a p[] boat & *ug d[n ! sluggi% ,*agres to ! riv]'s m\? :]e /&s ! anci5t =t4 ,! boats obta9able are n ( ! mo/ mod]n model & w\ld /& a sl5d] *ance 9 spe$ conte/s4 ,b 9 "o1 h[ev] sl[1 y are lo/ to all appe>ance ( civilization five m9utes aft] y ca/ (f f ! clay bank4 ,at ,gatun1 ! canal :i* has be5 c>ri$ ?r\gh ! artificial lake made by damm+ ! ,*agres ,riv]1 turns %>ply away f t wat] c\rse on ! way to ! new port ( ,balboa4 ,! six or eight miles ( ! tropical riv] :i* we are to trav]se h be5 unt\*$ by ! activities ( ! canal build]s4 ,! sluggi% /ream fl[s betwe5 walls ( d5se gre5 jungle1 z sil5t z ?\gh beh9d _! b>ri] only a mile or two away !re 7 n m5 by ! ?\s&s mak+ great flights ( aquatic /eps to lift ! _w's ocean c>ri]s ov] ! hills4 ,once 9 a:ile ?r\gh ! sil5t air comes ! di/ant boom ( a bla/ 9 ,culebra1 only an infrequ5t rem9d] ( ! pres5ce ( civiliz$ man & 8 explosive activities4 ,infrequ5t ?\gh x is1 h[ev]1 x has be5 suffici5t to fright5 away ! m timid inhabitants ( ! wat]side--! alligators1 ! boas & ! monkeys4 ,only at r>e int]vals are any ( ^! se5 n[1 ?\gh 9 ! e>li] days ( ! ,am]ican invasion ! alligators & monkeys 7 pl5tiful4 ,today ! *ief signs ( animal life are ! birds--h]ons1 :ite & blue1 fly+ f pool to pool or pos+ arti/ically on logs or 9 %all[s2 great cormorant ducks t fly up & d[n mid/ream1 app>5tly unacqua9t$ ) ! t]rors ( ! %otgun2 k+fi%]s 9 bright blue & p>oquets 9 gaudy colors4 ,! riv] is said to be full ( fi%1 includ+ %>ks1 = ! wat] is sal9e cle> up to ! ,gatun locks4 ,i "k ( no spot1 easy ( access1 on ! ,i/hmus :]e an idea ( ! beauty & ! t]ror ( ! jungle c be bett] ga9$ ?an on ! l[] ,*agres4 ,! /\t gre5 b>ri] comes flu% to ! wat]'s edge1 ! mangroves at places wad+ out on _! /ilt-l roots into ! /ream l a l9e ( deploy$ skirmi%]s4 ,t gre5 wall looks light1 beautiful1 e!real ev51 b lay y\r boat alongside x & essay to l&4 ,y w f9d x yield+ inde$1 b z imp5etrable z a wall ( adamant4 ,x w receive y z g5tly z ! liquid amb] welcomes ! fly1 & hold y z inexorably 9 its beautiful embrace :5 y are once entrapp$4 ,! t5d] f]n1 ! %r9k+ s5sitive plant1 ! fl[]+ %rub1 ! b5d+ sapl+1 ! /urdy & t[]+ tree are all ti$ toge!r by li!1 s]p5t9e1 gn>l$ & unbreakable v9es :i* seem to spr+ f ! gr\nd & hang f ! highe/ bran*es z well4 ,!re are n en\gh in*es ( gr\nd to support ! vegetation s x gr[s f ! trees liv+ lit]ally on ! air4 ,e gre5 ?+ t c be> a ?orn seems to h sp9es & prick]s to te> ! fle%1 & to cat* ! clo?+ & hold ! prison] fa/4 ,try x & y w see :y no l>ge mammals roam 9 ! jungle2 only ! snakes & ! liz>ds creep+ d[n bel[ ! gre5 tangle c atta9 l>ge size & move4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ur* ,,at ,,*agres ,up ! /eep pa? 9 ! =egr\nd ! buccane]s *>g$ ^u ,=t ,lor5zo ,& h[ beautiful x all is6 ,! gre5 alone w\ld be en\gh1 b x is v>i$ by ! gl[+ orange poll ( a lignum vit tree1 ! bright sc>let ( ! hibiscus1 ! purple ( "s lordly tree ^: "n ! botani/ w "k b n ! wayf>]4 ,color is 9 splot*es on e side1 f ! wild fl[]s close to ! riv]'s br9k to great yell[ blossoms on ! tops ( trees s tall t !y t[] ov] ! =e/s l light-h\ses visible = miles ar\nd4 ,or*ids 9 m delicate %ades1 or*ids t w\ld set ,fif? ,av5ue agog1 are "h to be _h = a few bl[s ( a ma*ete4 ,x is a riot & a revel ( color--z gay z ! decorations ( "s anci5t ar5a be=e ! gladiatorial combats began4 ,= life "h is a /eady battle too1 a /ruggle betwe5 man & ! jungle & woe to ! man :o invades ! enemy's c\ntry alone or /rays f> f ! trail1 %ad[y & indi/9ct z t may be4 8,a man ought to be able to live q a :ile lo/ 9 ! jungle10 said a di/+ui%$ magaz9e writ] :o 0 ) me on ! upp] ,*agres once4 ,we _h be5 li/5+ to our guide's description ( ! game1 & edible fruits 9 ! =e/4 8,live ab\t two days if he c\ldn't f9d ! trail or ! riv]'s bank10 0 ! response ( ! ,man ,:o ,knew4 8,if he liv$ long] he'd live crazy4 ,torn by ?orns1 (t5 poison$1 bitt5 by v5om\s insects1 bli/]$ by ?ir/1 ) ! *ances aga9/ 8 f9d+ any fruit t 0 safe eat+1 he w\ld probably die ( ! pa9 & ( jungle madness be=e />vation br\ght a m m]ciful dea?4 ,! jungle is a cat t tortures its captives2 a py?on t embraces !m 9 its graceful folds & hugs !m to dea?2 a sir5 ^: beauty lur$ !m to p]dition4 ,look out = x40 ,! native ,indian kn[s x & avoids x by do+ mo/ ( 8 travel+ by canoe4 ,on our trip to ! riv]'s m\? we pass$ _m 9 _! sl5d] cayucas1 "s ti$ by a v9e to ! bank pati5tly fi%+1 o!rs on _! way to or f m>ket ) craft well load$ ) bananas on ! way up1 b light com+ back1 hold+ gay conv]se ) ea* o!r across ! d>k & sull5 /ream4 ,"h & !re ?r\gh breaks 9 ! foliage we see a native h\se1 or a clu/] ( huts1 n _m h[ev]1 = ! jungle is too ?ick & ! l& too l[ "h = ! ,indians :o pref] ! bluffs & occasional broad savannas ( ! upp] wat]s4 ,z we approa* its outlet ! riv]1 ab\t fifty or sixty y>ds wide ?us f>1 broad5s into a consid]able e/u>y1 & r\nd+ a po9t we see be=e u ! blue ,atlantic break+ into :ite foam on a b> :i* effectually closes ! riv] to all save ! smalle/ boats1 & :i* y may be sure ! ,unit$ ,/ates w nev] dr$ge away1 to op5 a ready wat]-way to ! base ( ! ,gatun locks4 ,to ! left cov]+ a l[ po9t1 level z if artificially grad$1 is a beautiful cocoanut grove1 to ! "r1 across a bay p]haps a qu>t] ( a mile wide is a native village ( ab\t fifty huts ) an iron ro($ *ur* 9 ! c5t]--beyond ! village rises a /eep hill d5sely cov]$ ) v]dure1 s t x is only by ! ke5e/ se>*+ t y c pick out "h a /one s5try t[]1 !re ! angle ( a massive wall--! ru9s ( ! ,ca/le ( ,san ,lor5zo4 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,spani% ,,magaz9e 8,cl\d cre/$ ,san ,lor5zo gu>ds ,! ,*agres entrance /ill1 ,?\gh o'er ea* /one ! moss ha? gr[n ,& e>? 8 moat do? fill4 ,8 ba/ions feeble ) decay ,/eadfa/ly view ! sea1 ,& /]nly wait ! c]ta9 fate ,! ages %all decree40 ,illu/ration3 ,,spani% ,,ru9s1 ,,porto ,,bello ,we l& 9 ! cocoanut grove across ! riv] f ! ru9s we h come to see & ! un9itiat$ among u wond] :y4 ,x appe>s h[ev] t ! desc5dants ( ! natives :o s readily surr5d]$ dom9ion ( ! l& to ! ,spani>ds are made ( /]n] /uff ?an _! ance/ors4 ,or p]haps x 0 because we _h nei!r swords or brea/plates t !y rev]s$ ! #af? c5tury practice & extort$ tribute ( silv] f u = f]ry+ u across ! /ream 9 cayucas :5 our own boats & boat-m5 w\ld h giv5 u a great] s5se ( security4 ,l&$ 9 ! village we 7 convoy$ ) great c]emony to ! alcalde's hut :]e x 0 dem&$ t we regi/] our names & places ( resid5ce4 ,p]haps t gave u a vote 9 ! ,republic ( ,panama1 b we saw no political evid5ces ab\t unless a small saloon1 9 a hut ?at*$ ) palmetto leaves & ) a mud floor & basket "w sides might be tak5 = a 8headqu>t]s04 ,inde$ ! saloon & a frame *ur* 7 ab\t ! only signs ( civilization ab\t ! t[n if we except a bill po/$ 9 ! alcalde's (fice sett+ =? ! my/]i\s occult p[]s ( a wiz>d & soo?say] :o1 among o!r s]vices to mank9d1 rec\nt$ a numb] ( ri* m>riages :i* _h be5 made by ! aid ( 8 philt]s & spells4 ,illu/ration3 ,,our ,,guide ,,at ,,san ,,lor5zo ,we made our way f ! village att5d$ by volunte] guides 9 ! scantie/ ( clo?+1 across a little runway at ! bottom ( a rav9e1 & s into ! pa? t leads up ! height cr[n$ by ! ca/le4 ,x 0 two hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago1 almo/1 t ! little holl[ ran ) a crimson fluid1 & ! bodies ( dead ,spani>ds lay 9 ! rivulet :]e n[ ! little native boys are cool+ _! feet4 ,! pa? is /eep1 rugg$ & n>r[4 ,bran*es ar* ov]head & z ! trail has s]v$ z a runway = ! d[np\r ( innum]able tropical ra9s ! soil is l>gely wa%$ away f betwe5 ! /ones1 & ! climb+ is h>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,au?or ,,at ,,san ,,lor5zo 8,n mu* fun c>ry+ a /eel helmet1 a heavy lea!r jacket & a tw5ty-p\nd blund]buss up ?is road on a hot day1 ) bullets & arr[s :i/l+ pa/10 rem>ks a heavy man 9 ! van1 & ! picture he conjures up ( ! ,spani% assailants on t hot aft]noon 9 #aghj seems v vivid4 ,al?\gh ! =t1 ! rema9s ( :i* are n[ /&+1 is n ! "o :i* ,morgan de/roy$1 ! site1 ! natural def5ses & ! plan ( ! works are id5tical4 ,!re 0 m wood 9 ! orig9al =t ?an 9 t ( :i* ! rema9s are n[ disc]nible--to :i* fact its capture 0 due4 ,illu/ration3 ,,look+ ,,up ,,! ,,*agres ,,f ,,san ,,lor5zo ,! villag]s e n[ & !n cut away ! d5se und]bru% :i* gr[s 9 ! anci5t fosse & trav]ses & conceals effectually ! g5]al plan ( ! =tress f ! visitor4 ,?is clean+ up process unveils to ! eye ! massive masonry1 & ! t[]+ battlem5ts z %[n by "s ( ! illu/rations "h pr9t$4 ,b1 except to ! sci5tific /ud5t ( ar*aeology & ( =tification1 ! ru9s are m picturesque z !y 7 :5 ,i saw !m1 ov]gr[n ) creep+ v9es & %rubs jutt+ out f e cornice & crevice1 ) ! walls s mask$ by ! gre5 curta9 t :5 "s %>p sali5t angle boldly juts out be=e y1 y />t z y w\ld if r\nd+ ! corn] ( ! ,flatiron ,build+ y %\ld come ^u a cocoanut palm b5d+ 9 ! breeze4 ,"h y come to great vault$ *amb]s1 dungeons light$ by b "o b>r$ casemate :]e on ! muddy gr\nd y see ru/y iron fett]s weigh+ =ty p\nds or m to clamp ab\t a prison]'s ankle or1 = t matt]1 8 neck4 ,! vault$ brick ceil+ above is z p]fect z ! day ,spani% build]s %ap$ x & ! mort> betwixt ! great /ones =m+ ! walls is too h>d to be pick$ away ) a /\t knife4 ,pu%+ ?r\gh ! ?icket :i* cov]s e op5 space y /umble ov] a dism\nt$ cannon1 or a neat conical pile ( ru/y cannon balls1 c>efully prep>$ = ! %ock ( battle p]haps two hundr$ ye>s ago & ly+ 9 peaceful slumb] ev] s9ce--a real ,rip ,van ,w9kle ( a =tress x is1 ) no likelihood ( any rude awak5+4 ,9 "o spot seems to h be5 a sort ( c5tral squ>e4 ,9 ! v he>t ( ! citadel is a great masonry tank to hold dr9k+ wat] = ! besieg$4 ,x 0 built be=e ! #ai? c5tury _h made its entrance ^u ! procession ( ! c5turies1 b ! day ,i saw x ! /ill wat] t x held reflect$ ! fleecy cl\ds 9 ! blue sky1 & no drop trickl$ ?r\gh ! jo9ts ( ! hone/ & anci5t masonry4 ,back & =? ?r\gh n>r[ gates1 9 & out ( vault$ *amb]s1 d[n d>k passages beh9d tw5ty-foot walls y w&]1 ) b little idea ( ! topography ( ! place until y come to a little wat* t[] jutt+ out at "o corn] ( ! wall4 ,"h ! l& falls away %>ply a hundr$ feet or m to ! sea & y und]/& :y ! buccane]s 7 =c$ to attack f ! l&w>d side1 ?\gh z y 7 scal+ t toilsome slope y wond]$ t any race ( humans ev] d>$ attack x at all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,true ,,native ,,social ,,c5t] ,9 _! /ory ( ! assault on ,=t ,lor5zo1 z inde$ 9 ! n>rative ( all ! do+s ( ! buccane]s1 ! hi/orians h foll[$ ! n>rative ( ,esquemel+1 a "y ,dut* apo!c>y :o jo9$ ! sea rov]s z a sort ( assi/ant surgeon1 & wrote a book :i* has kept 8 memory alive1 :atev] may h be5 ! effect ( 8 surg]y on 8 pati5ts4 ,news ( ! advance ( ! ,engli% _h rea*$ ! ,gov]nor ( ,panama s t :5 ! assailants rea*$ ! battlefield !y f\nd ! g>rison ren=c$ until x ne>ly equal$ ! ,engli%4 ,s slight 0 ! disp>ity 9 numb]s t x seems amaz+ t ! ,engli% c\ld h su/a9$ ! rigors ( ! assault4 ,x 01 ( c\rse1 impossible to attack ! ca/le on its sea front1 & ! invad]s accord+ly left _! boats ab\t a league f ! ca/le1 mak+ _! way pa9fully ?r\gh ! jungle t[>d ! place ( action4 ,esquemel+ describes ! =tification :i* !y 7 to ov]?r[ ?us3 8,?is ca/le is built ^u a high m\nta91 at ! entry ( ! riv]1 & surr\nd$ on all sides ) /rong palisades1 or wood5 walls2 be+ v well t]reple9$1 & fill$ ) e>?2 :i* r5d]s !m z secure z ! be/ walls made ( /one or brick4 ,! top ( ?is m\nta9 is 9 a mann] divid$ into two p>ts1 betwe5 :i* lies a dit* ( ! dep? ( ?irty feet4 ,! ca/le itself has b "o entry1 & t by a drawbridge :i* passes ov] ! dit* a=em5tion$4 ,on ! l& side x has f\r ba/ions1 t ( ! sea conta9+ only two m4 ,t "p !re( :i* looks t[>ds ! ,s\? is totally inaccessible & impossible to be climb$1 ?r\gh ! inf9ite asp]ity ( ! m\nta94 8,! ,nor? side is surr\nd$ by ! riv]1 :i* h]eab\ts runs v broad4 ,at ! foot ( ! said ca/le1 or r m\nta91 is seat$ a /rong =t1 ) eight great guns1 :i* comm&s & imp$es ! entry ( ! riv]4 ,n mu* l[] are to be se5 two o!r batt]ies1 :]e( ea* ha? six pieces ( cannon to def5d likewise ! m\? ( ! said riv]4 ,at "o side ( ! ca/le are built two great /ore-h\ses1 9 :i* are deposit$ all sorts ( w>-l ammunition & m]*&ise1 :i* are br\ght hi!r f ! inn] p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 8,ne> ^! h\ses is a high pair ( /airs1 hew$ out ( ! rock1 :i* s]ves to m\nt to ! top ( ! ca/le4 ,on ! ,we/ side ( ! said =tress lies a small port1 :i* is n above sev5 or eight fa?oms deep1 be+ v fit = small vessels & ( v good an*orage4 ,besides ?is1 !re lies be=e ! ca/le1 at ! entry ( ! riv]1 a great rock1 sc>ce to be p]ceiv$ above wat]1 unless at l[ tide40 ,illu/ration3 ,photo1 by ,dup]ly ,son ,,tropical ,,foliage ,,on ,,! ,,c>ibbean ,if ! ,engli% _h hop$ to take ! g>rison by surprise !y 7 spe$ily undeceiv$4 ,h>dly _h !y em]g$ f ! ?icket into ! op5 space on :i* /&s n[ ! village ( ,*agres ?an !y 7 welcom$ ) s hot a volley ( musketry & artill]y f ! ca/le walls t _m fell dead at ! fir/ fire4 ,to assault !y _h to cross a rav9e1 *>ge up a b>e hillside1 & pass ?r\gh a dit* ?irty feet deep at ! fur!r bank ( :i* /ood ! out] walls ( ! =t made ( timb] & clay4 ,x 0 two 9 ! aft]noon :5 ! fight+ began4 ,! assailants *>g$ ) _! usual d>$evil valor1 c>ry+ fire-balls along ) _! swords & muskets4 ,! ,spani>ds met !m ) no less det]m9ation1 cry+ out3 8,come on1 ye ,engli%m51 enemies to ,god & our ,k+2 let y\r o!r companions t are beh9d come too2 ye %all n g to ,panama ?is b\t40 ,illu/ration3 ,,on ,,! ,,upp] ,,*agres ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,panama ,,woman ,all ! aft]noon & into ! night ! battle rag$ & ! assailants might well h despair$ ( success except = an ev5t :i* ,esquemel+ ?us describes3 8,"o ( ! ,pirates 0 w\nd$ ) an arr[ 9 8 back :i* pi]c$ 8 body to ! o!r side4 ,?is in/antly he pull$ out ) great valor at ! side ( 8 brea/2 !n tak+ a little cotton t he _h ab\t him1 he w\nd x ab\t ! said arr[1 & putt+ x into 8 musket1 he %ot x back into ! ca/le4 ,b ! cotton be+ k9dl$ by ! p[d] occasion$ two or ?ree h\ses t 7 )9 ! ca/le1 be+ ?at*$ ) palm leaves1 to take fire1 :i* ! ,spani>ds p]ceiv$ n s soon z 0 necess>y4 ,= ?is fire meet+ ) a p>cel ( p[d] blew x up1 & h]eby caus$ great ru91 & no less con/]nation to ! ,spani>ds1 :o 7 n able to acc\nt = ?is accid5t1 n hav+ se5 ! beg9n+ !re(40 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,"* ,,( ,,colon ,! fire )9 ! =t n only disconc]t$ its def5d]s b greatly aid$ ! assailants1 = by its flames ! ,spani>ds c\ld be se5 work+ _! guns & 7 pick$ (f by ! ,engli% %>p%oot]s4 ,! artill]y ( ! invad]s made brea*es 9 ! walls & ! debris ?us occasion$ dropp$ into ! dit* mak+ its cross+ practicable = a /orm+ p>ty4 ,?\gh ! gallant gov]nor ( ! ca/le ?rew himself into ! brea* & f\ght ) ! greate/ desp]ation1 he 0 =c$ back & into 8 citadel4 ,!re a musket %ot pi]c$ 8 bra9 & ! def5se :i* 0 becom+ a defeat became 9 fact a r\t4 ,spani>ds flung !mselves f ! l(ty cliffs ^u ! rocks bel[ or into ! sea r ?an tru/ to ! m]cy ( _! conqu]ors4 ,all b ?irty ( ! g>rison ( #cad 7 sla91 n "o (fic] escap+1 & only a few escap$ to /eal up ! riv] & ?r\gh ! jungle c>ry+ to ,panama ! dismal tale ( ! fall ( its *ief outpo/4 ,nor did ! ,engli% w9 _! triumph easily4 ,_! =ce 0 9 ! neighborhood ( #djj1 ( :om m ?an #ajj 7 kill$ & #gj w\nd$4 ,a r\nd %ot took (f bo? legs ( ,colonel ,bradley & f ! w\nd he di$ a few days lat]4 ,! *ur* ( ! ca/le 0 turn$ into a hospital1 ! ,spani>ds 7 made to bury _! own dead1 :i* 0 done by dropp+ !m ov] ! cliff into ! sea1 & ^w 0 s5t to ,morgan t ! way 0 cle> = 8 m>* ^u ,panama4 99 99 99 99 99 ,we may = a "t turn aside f ,buccane] ,morgan & 8 rav5\s raid to consid] ! lat] hi/ory ( ! two /rongholds--,porto ,bello & ,san ,lor5zo--:i* lie to ! ea/ & we/ ( ,colon4 ,x 0 n ! rude %ock ( w> :i* r$uc$ !m to ! /ate ( desolation & ru9 9 :i* visitors n[ f9d !m--?\gh ( su* %ocks !y c]ta9ly exp]i5c$ en\gh4 ,morgan on 8 return f ,panama blew up ,san ,lor5zo & left x a wreck1 b ! ,spani>ds rebuilt x /rong] ?an ev] & x long cont9u$ to m\nt gu>d ov] ! entrance to ! ,*agres4 ,s too ) ! =ts at ,porto ,bello4 ,b ab\t #agch "o ,edw>d ,v]non1 aft] :om x is said ,m\nt ,v]non1 ! home ( ,wa%+ton1 0 nam$1 rose 9 ! ,engli% p>liam5t & decl>$ t he c\ld take ,porto ,bello ) only six %ips4 ,p>liam5t took him at 8 ^w1 commission$ him admiral1 gave him sev5 %ips & dispat*$ him on ! ent]prise4 ,be+ a g5tleman ( _s & a true sport1 ,admiral ,v]non1 on approa*+ ! ,i/hmus1 s5t "o ( 8 %ips into o!r wat]s1 8disda9+ to appe> be=e ,porto ,bello ) "o %ip m ?an he _h engag$ to take x )40 ,success came to him ) ease4 ,only f\r ( 8 %ips 7 engag$ & ! only consid]able loss 0 among a l&+ p>ty :i* /orm$ ! l[] batt]y ( ! ,iron ,=t4 ,! ,spani>ds %[$ b little /oma* = ! fight1 & x is wor? not+ t 9 ! recurr5t affrays 9 ! ,we/ ,indies & ,c5tral ,am]ica ! ,engli% :ipp$ !m ) ! same monoton\s c]ta9ty ) :i* ! latt] _h beat5 ! ,indians4 ,any "o desir+ to draw broad g5]alizations z to ! comp>ative c\rage ( nations is welcome to ?is fact4 ,illu/ration3 ,,woman ,,( ,,! ,,*agres ,,region ,aft] refitt+ at ,jamaica1 ,admiral ,v]non1 ) a some:at l>g] fleet1 proce$$ aga9/ ,san ,lor5zo4 ,aga9 8 triumph 0 easy1 = aft] a leisurely bomb>dm5t to :i* ! ,spani>ds repli$ b languidly1 ! :ite flag 0 display$ & ! ,engli% ent]$ into possession4 ,! w>eh\ses 9 ,*agres 7 plund]$ & ! =t bl[n up4 ,! splutt]+ w> betwe5 ,engl& & ,spa9 9 :i* ^! actions occurr$ became kn[n z 8! w> ( ,j5k9s' e>40 ,a too zeal\s gu>da co/a lopp$ (f ! e> ( a c]ta9 ,capta9 ,j5k9s :o1 ?\gh unkn[n to fame prior to t outrage1 s made ! welk9 r+ 9 ,engl&1 ev5 exhibit+ ! mummifi$ memb] f :i* he _h be5 ?us rudely divorc$1 t ,p>liam5t 0 =c$ to decl>e a w> 9 retaliation = 8 e> or h its own talk$ (f4 ,! buccane]s & pirates really caus$ ! f9al ab&onm5t ( ,porto ,bello & ,san ,lor5zo1 ?\gh n by direct attack4 ,!y made trade by ! ,c>ibbean & along ! ,spani% ,ma9 s p]il\s t ! p ( ! ,pacific coa/ f\nd x m pr(itable 9 ! long run to make ! voyage ar\nd ! ,horn or ?r\gh ! ,/raits ( ,magellan4 ,! economics ( trade are unv>y+4 ,x seeks ! *eape/ be=e ! %orte/ r\tes1 & "o ( ! /udies ( our canal au?orities w be to s fix _! tolls t !y w n1 l ,morgan1 ,l',olonais & o!rs1 fright5 trade away f ! ,i/hmus4 ,?\gh ! =ts 7 rebuilt to _! orig9al /r5g? 9 #agea1 !y nev] rega9$ importance4 ,porto ,bello disappe>$ :5 ! ,royal ,road to ,panama lo/ its traffic1 & ! ,*agres only resum$ a brief importance 9 #ahdd :5 ! ,royal ,mail ,/eampacket ,co4 made ,san ,lor5zo a port ( call4 ,:5 ,colon1 h[ev]1 appe>$ z a port & ! t]m9us ( ! ,panama railroad1 ! fate ( all o!r ports on ! ,atlantic side ( ! ,i/hmus 0 seal$4 ,left to brood ov] ! days ( _! greatness--?\gh inde$ !y nev] repell$ any s]i\s attack--! ,iron ,=t & ,san ,lor5zo 7 ab&on$ by _! ,colombian g>risons & giv5 ov] to ! insidi\s & irresi/ible conque/ ( ! jungle4 ,picturesque & dignifi$1 !y well repay ! visit ( ! t\ri/4 ---------------------------------------- 8,/ill /&e? ,san ,lor5zo !re1 ,aye1 fai?ful at 8 po/1 ,?\gh sc(f+ trees 9 e breeze ,_! prime & vigor boa/2 ,8 g>rison is b ! %ades ,( soldi]s ( ! pa/1 ,b x please? him1 alone & grim1 ,to wat* unto ! la/40 ---------------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,sack ,,( ,,old ,,panama ,! week aft] ! fall ( ,san ,lor5zo1 ,morgan ) 8 full =ce appe>$ at ! m\? ( ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,be=e leav+ ,/4 ,ca!r9e he _h dismantl$ ! =ts & burn$ all ! h\ses = no p>ticul> reason except ! seem+ly in/9ctive desire ( a buccane] to de/roy all t he c\ld n /eal4 ,at once he began 8 prep>ations = ! asc5t ( ! ,*agres to its head ( navigation1 :]e1 disemb>k+1 he w\ld take ! trail = ,old ,panama4 ,cruces1 :i* 0 ! po9t ( deb>kation1 _h gr[n to a consid]able t[n at ?is "t1 be+ ! po9t ( trans%ipm5t ( goods de/9$ = ,nombre de ,dios1 or ,porto ,bello1 f ! mules t _h br\ght !m ?us f>1 to ! boats t w\ld float !m d[n to tide wat]4 ,! t[n1 an inconsid]able hamlet ( ?at*$ huts1 rema9$ 9 #aiac1 b ! rise ( ,gatun ,lake 0 expect$ to practically blot x out ( exi/5ce4 ,old ,panama1 = :i* ,morgan 0 prep>+ ! grim exp]i5ce ( a battle & a sack1 _h be5 f\nd$ 9 #aeai by t ,p$r>ias ( :om we h told z ! execution] ( ,balboa4 ,x _h gr[n rapidly1 built up by ! trade result+ f ! invasion ( ,p]u4 ,at ! "t ( ,morgan's raid ,esquemel+ writes ( ! city3 ,illu/ration3 ,,ne> ,a ,,conv5t ,,at ,,old ,,panama 8,!re belong$ to ?is city 7:i* is also ! head ( a bi%opric7 eight mona/]ies1 :]e( sev5 7 = m5 & "o = wom52 two /ately *ur*es & "o hospital4 ,! *ur*es & mona/]ies 7 all ri*ly adorn$ ) alt>-pieces & pa9t+s1 huge quantity ( gold & silv]1 ) o!r preci\s ?+s4444 ,besides :i* ornam5ts1 "h 7 to be se5 two ?\s& h\ses ( magnific5t & prodigi\s build+1 be+ all ( ! greate/ "p inhabit$ by m]*ants ( t c\ntry1 :o are va/ly ri*4 ,= ! re/ ( ! inhabitants ( less] quality & tradesm51 ?is city conta9$ five ?\s& h\ses m4 ,"h 7 also great numb]s ( /ables1 :i* s]v$ = ! horses & mules1 t c>ry all ! plate1 belong+ z well unto ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 z to private m51 t[>ds ! coa/ ( ! ,nor? ,sea4 ,! neighbor+ fields belong+ to ?is city are all cultivat$ & f]tile plantations1 & pleasant g>d5s1 :i* af=d delici\s prospects unto ! inhabitants ! :ole ye> long40 ,correal fixes ! numb] ( private h\ses z betwe5 sev5 & eight ?\s&4 ,! pi\s ,?omas ,gage :om we h se5 haggl+ = rooms at ,porto ,bello visit$ ,panama ab\t #aech & ev5 !n cr$its x ) five ?\s& inhabitants1 & at lea/ eight cloi/]s ( nuns & fri>s4 ,un=tunately ! good evangeli/ f\nd t 8! ,spani>ds are 9 ?is city mu* giv5 to s9ne1 loos5ess & v5]y10 = :i* reason1 or p]haps because he 8fe>$ mu* ! heats10 he made ha/e to leave ! t[n & left u none ( ^? graphic descriptions ( :i* 8 p5 0 capable4 ,illu/ration3 ,,casa ,,reale ,,or ,,k+',s ,,h\se ,its heavy walls %[ t x 0 plann$ = def5se b ! ,spani>ds ab&on$ x ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,burtis ,elliott ,,! ,,ru9$ ,,t[] ,,( ,,san ,,augu/9e ,! c\ntry r\nd ab\t ,panama 0 !n1 & /ill is1 arable & well-fitt$ = graz+4 ,! rural population 0 b small1 m meag] inde$ ?an "o w\ld ?9k w\ld h be5 necess>y = rais+ vegetables = s consid]able a t[n4 ,9 ! back c\ntry 7 great numb]s ( ,cimm>oons1 or escap$ slaves :o are describ$ z liv+ 9 communities1 rul$ ov] by a black k+4 ,!y w5t nak$ & 7 arm$ ) b[s & arr[s1 spe>s1 d>ts & ma*etes4 ,!y liv$ on plund] & z :5 captur$ 7 !y kill$1 or1 at ! be/1 enslav$ anew1 !y f\ght ) great desp]ation4 ,m]*&ise tra9s 7 _! *ief victims1 ?\gh !y (t5 raid$ cattle ran*es1 or cut (f individuals 9 ! outskirts ( ! city4 ,! ,engli% suppli$ !m ) weapons & c\ld always be sure ( _! aid aga9/ ! ,spani>ds1 :o _h be5 _! ma/]s & :om !y hat$4 ,! h>bor 0 wret*$1 useful only = small vessels :i* at high tide c\ld come /raight to ! seawall1 be+ left !re by ! rec$+ tide1 high & dry1 s t by quick action !y c\ld be unload$ be=e ! wat]s return$4 ,a v consid]able "p ( ! food ( ! t[n 0 fi% br\ght ?i!r by ,indians f ,taboga & ne>by isl&s4 ,su* 0 ! t[n :i* ,morgan raid$4 ,because ( ! colossal disa/] :i* befell x1 a disa/] )\t p>allel s9ce ! days :5 ! ,go?s & ,v&als swept d[n ov] ! pleasant pla9s ( ,italy1 !re has be5 a t5d5cy to magnify ! size1 weal? & ref9em5t ( ,panama at ! "t ( its fall4 ,b /udi$ calmly1 ) no desire to exagg]ate ! qualities :i* made x s ri* a prize1 ,panama may fairly be describ$ z a city ( ab\t #cj1jjj p1 ) massive *ur*es1 conv5ts & (ficial build+s ( masonry1 ) _m /ately h\ses ( ! type e/eem$ luxuri\s 9 ! tropics1 & peopl$ l>gely by pure-blood$ ,spani>ds ( ! bett] type4 ,x 0 too e>ly a date = ! amalgamation ( races n[ s mu* 9 evid5ce on ! ,i/hmus to h proce$$ f>1 & ! anci5t records %[ t ! ,spani>ds ( sub/ance 9 ! t[n _h ma9ly come ?i!r f ,seville4 ,morgan />t$ up ! riv] f ,san ,lor5zo1 :]e he left #ejj m5 to s]ve z a g>rison1 on ! #ah? ( ,janu>y1 #agfa4 ,8 =ce compris$ #abjj m5 9 five boats ) artill]y & ?irty-two canoes4 ,! raid]s plann$ to live on ! c\ntry & h5ce took small /ore ( provisions--an error :i* ne>ly wreck$ ! exp$ition4 ,! fir/ day !y cov]$ ab\t eighte5 miles4 ,?is 0 by nature made ! easie/ "p ( _! j\rney1 = ?is /ret* ( ! ,*agres is deep1 ) b a sl[ curr5t & mu* ( ! way !y may h be5 aid$ by ! incom+ tide4 ,if ! *ronicl] :o fix$ _! di/ance cov]$ at eighte5 miles 0 correct1 !y mu/ h pit*$ _! camp ! fir/ night n v f> f :]e ,gatun ,dam n[ re>s its mighty bulk across ! valley & makes ( ! ,*agres a broad lake4 ,_! tr\bles h[ev] came ) _! fir/ nightfall4 ,leav+ _! boats & scatt]+ ab\t ! surr\nd+ c\ntry !y f\nd t ! ,spani>ds _h rak$ x clean ( provisions ( e sort4 ,! ,indian villages 7 ei!r smok+ ru9s or clu/]s ( empty huts1 ! cattle ran*es 7 b>e ( cattle1 & ev5 ! banana & yam pat*es 7 /ripp$4 ,by noon on ! second day1 accord+ to ,esquemel+1 8!y 7 compell$ to leave _! boats & canoes by reason ! riv] 0 v dry = want ( ra91 & ! _m trees t 7 fall5 into x40 ,h5ce=? at t po9t ! ,*agres ,riv] trans=m$ into a lake w be 9 ! neighborhood ( =ty feet deep ! ye> r\nd4 ,app>5tly1 h[ev]1 ! ab&onm5t ( ! boats 0 only p>tial1 ! ma9 body ( troops m>*+ ?r\gh ! woods :ile o!rs wad$1 pu%+ ! boats ov] ! %all[s z is done today4 ,! advance 0 cont9u$ 9 ?is fa%ion1 p>tly by wat] & p>tly ?r\gh ! jungle1 all ) ! greate/ difficulty1 at a snail's pace & on /oma*s daily gr[+ empti]4 ,twice !y came ^u signs t ! ,spani>ds _h prep>$ an ambuscade = !m1 b becom+ fa9t-he>t$ _h fl$4 ,!reat ! buccane]s grumbl$ mightily4 ,!y 7 bett] at fight+ ?an at *opp+ pa?s ?r\gh ! jungle1 & 7 s hungry t if !y _h sla9 a few ,spani>ds !y w\ld q probably h cook$ & eat5 !m4 ,= six days !y /ruggl$ ) ! jungle )\t f9d+ any food :atsoev]1 !n !y discov]$ a gran>y /or$ ) maize :i* !y ate exult+ly4 ,lea!r scraps became a mu* priz$ article ( food1 j z 9 a v diff]5t climate ,greely's m5 9 ! ,arctic circle kept alive on %r$s cut f _! sealsk9 boots4 ,( lea!r z an article ( diet ,esquemel+ writes3 ,illu/ration3 ,,wayside ,,%r9e ,,on ,,! ,,savanna ,,road 8,"h aga9 he 0 happy1 t _h res]v$ s9ce noon any small piece ( lea!r :]e( to make 8 supp]1 dr9k+ aft] x a good draught ( wat] = 8 greate/ com=t4 ,"s p]sons1 :o nev] 7 out ( _! mo!rs' kit*5s1 may ask h[ ^! pirates c\ld eat1 swall[ & dige/ ^? pieces ( lea!r1 s h>d & dry4 ,to :om ,i only answ]3 ,t c\ld !y once exp]im5t :at hung]1 or r fam9e1 is1 !y w\ld c]ta9ly f9d ! mann]1 by _! own necessity1 z ! pirates did4 ,= ^! fir/ took ! lea!r & slic$ x 9 pieces4 ,!n did !y beat x betwe5 two /ones1 & rub x1 (t5 dipp+ x 9 ! wat] ( ! riv] to r5d] x by ^! means supple & t5d]4 ,la/ly !y scrap$ (f ! hair1 & roa/$ or broil$ x ^u ! fire4 ,&1 be+ ?us cook$1 !y cut x into small morsels1 & eat x1 help+ x d[n ) frequ5t gulps ( wat]1 :i* by good =tune !y _h ne> at h&40 ,once only did !y meet ) any resi/ance2 t 0 ne> ,cruces :]e sev]al hundr$ ,indians ambu%$ !m 9 ! jungle1 & :ile avoid+ any direct combat1 kill$ sev]al ) arr[s4 ,z ! ,indians fl$ !y cri$ out 9 ,spani%1 8,ho1 ye dogs6 ,g to ! savanna2 to ! savanna10 f :i*1 z f l w>n+s utt]$ by /raggl]s1 ! invad]s conclud$ t battle 0 to be giv5 !m on ! broad pla9 be=e ! city4 ,x _h tak5 six days = ! exp$ition to rea* ,cruces--a trip :i* c\ld readily be made today by tra9 to ,gamboa & !nce by cayuca 9 five or six h\rs4 ,arriv$ !re !y prep>$ = ! la/ /age ( ! j\rney1 = !re !y f9ally left _! boats & took up ! ,royal ,road4 ,cruces is eight miles f ,panama1 & at ! mom5t ( ,morgan's desc5t ^u x1 0 at ! p]iod ( its greate/ prosp]ity4 ,( its rise to greatness & its f9al disappe>ance "u ! ris+ wat]s ( ,gatun ,lake ,i %all h m to say 9 ! *apt] conc]n+ ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,! ,engli% f\nd ! frame h\ses already ablaze1 & ! l>d]s swept clean1 ! ,spani>ds hav+ foll[$ _! inv>iable cu/om ( leav+ no food = ! invad]s4 ,"s wret*$ dogs & cats :i* hung ab\t ! des]t$ dwell+s 7 kill$ & eat51 & 9 ! /oreh\ses a numb] ( j>s ( w9e 7 f\nd1 ^u dr9k+ :i* ! buccane]s became dea?ly sick4 ,!y claim$ x 0 poison$1 b m probably _! /oma*s1 :i* _h be5 /ruggl+ to dige/ lea!r scraps1 7 9 no condition = ! /rong w9es ( ! tropics4 ,f ?is po9t onw>d ! invad]s saw _m ( _! enemies1 b ! ,indians only (f]$ active resi/ance1 fir+ ^u ! advanc+ column f ambuscades1 & at "o or two made a det]m9$ /&4 ,z ! invad]s 7 /rung out 9 s+le file along a n>r[ road 7,esquemel+ compla9s t only t5 or twelve m5 c\ld walk 9 a file7 x w\ld h be5 easy to s imp$e _! progress1 & h>ass !m ) attacks f ! bu%1 z to defeat _! purpose :olly4 ,= x is to be rememb]$ t ! ,engli% 7 almo/ />v$1 footsore & we>y1 dragg+ cannon along ! rocky roads & be>+ heavy equipm5t "u ! scor*+ sun4 ,b ! ,spani>ds cont5t$ !mselves ) %\t+ defiance & d>+ ! invad]s to meet !m 8a la savanna40 ,at ! fir/ dang] ( a fight !y ran away4 ,ga9+ on ! n9? day ( _! m>* ! top ( a hill1 /ill kn[n z 8,el ,c]ro de los ,buccane]os0 7,! ,hill ( ! ,buccane]s71 ! pirates _h ! joy ( see+ = ! fir/ "t ! ,pacific1 & ?us kn[+ t ,panama mu/ be at h&4 ,^u ! pla9 bel[ !y came ^u a great body ( cattle4 ,"s hi/orians say t ! ,spani>ds _h ga!r$ a great h]d ( savage bulls to be driv5 ^u ! ,engli% l9es 9 expectation ( putt+ !m to r\t4 ,! tradition seems d\btful1 & to any "o :o has se5 ! mild & docile bulls ( ! ,panama savannas x is m]ely ridicul\s4 ,h[ev] ! cattle came !re x 0 an ill *ance = ! ,spani>ds1 = !y furni%$ ! he>ty food necess>y to put fight aga9 into ! fami%$ bodies ( ! buccane]s4 ,esquemel+'s description ( ! banquet on ! pla9s is h>dly appetiz+3 ,illu/ration3 ,,ar*$ ,,bridge ,,at ,,old ,,panama1 ,,almo/ #djj ,,ye>s ,,old ,!re 0 no ,horatius to hold ?is /rait pa? aga9/ ! invad]s 8,"h :ile "s 7 employ$ 9 kill+ & flay+ c[s1 horses1 bulls & *iefly asses1 ( :i* !re 0 greate/ numb]1 o!rs busi$ !mselves 9 k9dl+ ( fires & gett+ wood :]e) to roa/ !m4 ,?us cutt+ ! fle% ( ^! animals into pieces1 or gobbets1 !y ?rew !m into ! fire1 & half c>bonado$ or roa/$1 !y dev\r$ !m ) incr$ible ha/e & appetite4 ,= su* 0 _! hung] t !y m resembl$ cannibals ?an ,europeans at ?is banquet1 ! blood _m times runn+ d[n f _! be>ds to ! middle ( _! bodies40 ,gorg$ to _! gullets1 ! cut?roats lay d[n to re/4 ,morgan _h a %>p wat* kept1 & s\nd$ at lea/ "o false al>m t ! m5 might n sleep too securely4 ,b ! ,spani>ds on ! eve ( _! cru%+ disa/] left _! foes to re/ 9 peace except = a noisy cannonade :i* did no damage1 & %\ts ( 8,corros6 ,nos ,v]emos0--8,dogs6 ,we w see y aga910 :i* !y c]ta9ly did1 f9d+ ! meet+ mo/ unpleasant4 ,on ! morr[1 ! t5? day aft] leav+ ,san ,lor5zo1 & ei!r ! #ah? or #bg? ( ,janu>y1 #afga1 = contempor>y writ]s diff] ab\t ! date1 ! attack on ! city began4 ,! buccane]s disappo9t$ ! ,spani% at ! v outset by n tak+ ! road :i* lay pla9 & op5 to !m & :i* 0 well comm&$ by ! ,spani% batt]ies & ambuscades1 b came ^u !m ?r\gh ! woods4 ,?is violation ( ! rules ( ! game emb>rass$ ! ,spani>ds f ! v fir/4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,pr(4 ,otto ,lutz ,,foliage ,,on ,,! ,,canal ,,zone ,b ev5 s1 !y _h e advantage on _! side--except c\rage4 ,!y l>gely outnumb]$ ! assailants1 ?\gh ! e/imate ( ! ho/ile g5]als diff] greatly1 z !y always h 9 hi/ory4 ,we mu/ reasonably suppose t 9 a battle on ! issue ( :i* directly dep5d$ _! lives1 ! lives & honor ( _! wom5folk1 _! homes1 _! =tunes1 _! lib]ty & ! cont9u$ exi/5ce ( _! city ! p ( ,panama w\ld h turn$ out to a man4 ,yet ! ,presid5t ( ,panama report$ to ! ,spani% c\rt t he _h b #abjj m51 mo/ly negroes1 mulattoes & ,indians1 arm$ ) f[l+ pieces & 8 only artill]y ?ree wood5 cannon b\nd ) ra:ide4 ,dr4 ,c4 ,l4 ,g4 ,&]son1 to ^: pa9/ak+ /udy ( ! old ,spani% *ronicl]s all pres5t-day /ud5ts ( ,panama hi/ory mu/ be l>gely indebt$1 says1 & reasonably1 8,! ,spani% army 0 made up n m]ely ( m]*ants1 plant]s & s]vants1 b conta9$ besides _m regul> troops2 vet]ans ( ! w>s 9 ,fl&]s1 ,sicily & o!r c\ntries ( ,europe40 ,:atev] ! precise figures may h be5 !re is no "q t ! assailants 7 l>gely outnumb]$ by ! def5d]s :o1 fight+ = wives1 & *ildr51 homes & firesides1 might h be5 expect$ to %[ desp]ate valor4 ,in/ead ( :i* ! buccane]s put ! ,spani>ds to r\t 9 two h\rs' fight+ on ! pla9 to :i* ! pirates _h be5 s scornfully invit$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,*agres ,,above ,,san ,,lor5zo ,! ,spani% plan ( battle savor$ l>gely ( ! !atrical4 ,z ! circus op5s its p]=mance ) a gr& entry ( m\nt$ p]=m]s1 s ! ,spani>ds u%]$ 9 ! fight ) a gr& *>ge ( cavalry4 ,admirable cavalrym51 !y are said to h be51 well m\nt$ on tra9$ cattle ponies & 9 all ab\t #djj /rong4 ,unhappily !re appe>$ to h be5 no prelim9>y /udy ( ! ,engli% position1 & a morass imp5etrable by horsem5 gu>d$ its flanks4 ,only 9 front c\ld ! ,engli% l9e be rea*$ & !re ! tra9$ m>ksm5 ( ! buccane]s1 or cattle hunt]s1 dropp+ on "o knee1 pick$ (f ! ,spani% horsem5 be=e !y c\ld close4 ,! cavalry h>dly rea*$ ! buccane]s' fir/ l9e ?\gh !y *>g$ twice ) ! utmo/ gallantry4 ,an infantry *>ge t foll[$ 0 beat5 back ) l slaught]4 ,see+ ?is ! ,spani>ds are said to h resort$ to a device z ridicul\s 9 its outcome z x 0 9 its conception4 ,?is 0 ! driv+ aga9/ ! buccane]s' l9es ( a h]d ( a ?\s& bulls driv5 by fifty vaqu]os4 ,) great %\t+ & crack+ ( :ips ! h]d 0 urg$ aga9/ ! invad]s4 ,b ! ,c5tral ,am]ican bull z a f]oci\s bea/ is a disappo9tm5t--:i* p]haps expla9s ! placidity ) :i* ,panama agre$ to ! reque/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t x aboli% bull fight+4 ,if n vici\s1 h[ev]1 !y c be ob/9ate1 & ab\t z _m bulls *>g$ into ! already %att]$ ,spani% l9es z ^u ! buccane]s4 ,morgan %[$ quick wit by ord]+ 8 m5 to let ! bulls pass1 b kill ! vaqu]os1 & s1 ) ! exception ( a few bov9es :o l+]$ to r5d ! ,briti% flags1 be+ enrag$ by _! sc>let hue1 ! great] "p ( ! h]d trott$ (f to a quiet] "p ( ! savanna :]e !y might placidly graze :ile ! fooli% m5 :o _h s\ght to drag !m into ! qu>rel w5t on kill+ ea* o!r4 ,?is virtually end$ ! ,spani% def5se4 ,aft] ano!r *>ge ! def5d]s ( ! city gave up any ef=t at organiz$ opposition to ! invad]s & fl$ into ! city1 or to ! %elt] ( ! neighbor+ jungle4 ,! ,engli%1 exhau/$ ) _! long m>* & ! %ock ( ! battle1 did n imm$iately foll[ up _! advantage b re/$ = "s h\rs4 ,!re is mu* conflict ( au?ority on ! "q ( loss 9 ! battle4 ,morgan claim$ to h lo/ only five m5 kill$ & t5 w\nd$1 & fix$ ! ,spani% loss at ab\t #djj4 ,esquemel+ says !re 7 #fjj ,spani>ds dead ^u ! field beside ! w\nd$ & prison]s4 ,:atev] ! comp>ative losses ! ,spani% defeat 0 decisive1 nor did ! survivors rega9 suffici5t morale to (f] any effective opposition to ! buccane]s z !y mov$ ^u ! city4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,crypt ,,( ,,old ,,san ,,augu/9e ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,woman ,,( ,,old ,,panama ,"o w\ld ?9k t ! f9al def5se w\ld h be5 dogg$ & desp]ate 9 ! extreme4 ,! ,spani>ds knew :at to expect 9 ! way ( murd]1 rap9e1 plund] & enslavem5t4 ,!y _h ! /ory ( ,porto ,bello fre% 9 _! memories1 &1 = t matt]1 !y _h enjoy$ su* fruits ( victory !mselves too (t5 to hug ! delusion t ^! victors w\ld =ego !m4 ,nor ev5 aft] ! decisive ?ra%+ !y _h su/a9$ on ! pla9 ne$ !y h despair$4 ,on ?ree sides ,panama 0 def5d$ by ! sea & its inlets1 & on ! f\r? c\ld only be approa*$ along a s+le road & ov] an ar*$ bridge1 ! /urdy masonry ( :i* /ill /&s1 & =ms a favorite backgr\nd = photographic gr\ps ( t\ri/s4 ,?\gh n wall$1 z 0 its successor1 ,old ,panama _h a great pl5ty ( heavy masonry build+s1 ! ru9s ( :i* %[ !m to h be5 con/ruct$ ) a view to def5se4 ,! *ur*es1 ! eight conv5ts1 ! (ficial build+s & _m ( ! private resid5ces 7 built ( /one ) heavy b>r$ w9d[s &1 if /\tly def5d$ 9 conjunction ) b>ricades 9 ! /reets1 might well h balk$ ! invad]s ( _! prey4 ,b ! ,spani% _s seem$ cru%$ by ! defeat ( _! *oice cavalry on ! savanna1 & ?ree h\rs suffic$ = ! ,engli% to make !mselves ma/]s ( ! :ole city4 ,dur+ ! fight+ flames broke out 9 sev]al qu>t]s ( ! t[n1 "s ?9k set purposely by ! assailants1 :i* 0 d5i$ by ,morgan4 ,h[ev] caus$1 ! fires rag$ = days1 7 /ill smold]+ :5 ! buccane]s left ?ree weeks lat]1 & consum$ ne>ly all except ! masonry edifices 9 ! city4 ,imag9ation balks at ! ef=t to conceive ! wret*$ plight ( ! #cj1jjj p ( ?is city1 subject$ = ?ree weeks to ! cruelty1 cupidity & lu/ ( ! 8exp]i5c$ & anci5t pyrates0 & ! cut?roats ( all nationalities t made up ! comm& ( ,morgan4 ,little m ?an a ?\s& ( ! raid]s c\ld h rema9$ alive1 b all ! fight+ m5 ( ! city 7 sla91 w\nd$ or c[$ into unmanly subjection4 ,aft] ! fir/ riot\s orgy ( drunk5ness & rap9e--?\gh inde$ ,morgan %rewdly /rove to keep 8 m5 sob] by spread+ ! report t all ! w9e _h be5 poison$--! bus9ess ( loot+ 0 tak5 up s]i\sly4 ,fir/ ! *ur*es & gov]nm5t h\ses _h to be ransack$ = preci\s ornam5ts & treasure1 & h]e9 ! robb]s met ) _! fir/ s]i\s disappo9tm5t1 = on ! news ( _! com+ mu* ( ! plate _h be5 put on %ips & s5t out to sea4 ,a brig agr\nd 9 ! h>bor 0 seiz$ by ,morgan & s5t 9 pursuit1 b ! delights ( ! ,isl& ( ,taboga1 !n z n[ a pleasure resort1 prov$ sup]ior ev5 to ! av>ici\sness ( ! ,spani>ds1 & !y l+]$ !re ov] w9e cups until ! treasure %ips _h vani%$4 ,rumors /ill l+] t mu* ( ! treasure _h be5 buri$ at ,taboga1 & t "o ri*ly freight$ %ip _h be5 sunk "s place ne>by4 ,b frequ5t treasure-hunt+ exp$itions h come home empty h&$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wa% ,,day ,,at ,,taboga ,aft] rak+ ! gov]nm5t build+s f g>ret to vaults ! pirates turn$ to ! private h\ses4 ,f c]emonial plate to ! seam/ress's ?imble2 f ! glitt]+ necklace to ! w$d+ r+1 ev]y?+ 0 rak$ toge!r into ! great common /ore ( plund]4 ,:at 0 easily f\nd 0 n en\gh4 ,wells 7 se>*$1 floors torn up1 walls ripp$ op5 &1 aft] all o!r devices _h be5 employ$1 prison]s 7 put to ! torture to make !m reveal ! hid+ places ( _! own & o!rs' valuables4 ,capt4 ,morgan l$ 9 ?is activity1 z inde$ he appe>s to h be5 ! mo/ villa9\s ( all 8 crew 9 ! mi/reatm5t ( wom54 ,aft] all t c\ld be ga!r$ by ^! devices _h be5 tak5 ! sev]al ?\s& prison]s 7 in=m$ t if !y want$ to reta9 _! lives & rega9 _! lib]ty !y mu/ pay ransom1 fix$ 9 am\nt accord+ to ! /&+ 9 ! community & ! weal? ( ! captive4 ,( c\rse ! community 0 gone & ! buccane]s _h tak5 all ( ! weal?1 b ! luckless prison] 0 expect$ to pay nev]!less & a surpris+ numb] ( !m did s4 ,) all ^! exp$i5ts = ! extraction ( weal? f a subjugat$ t[n1 ! buccane]s 7 fa9 to be satisfi$1 &1 weak f w\nds & revelry1 accord+ to ,esquemel+3 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,/reet ,,9 ,,cruces 8,on ! #bd? ( ,febru>y1 ( ! ye> #agfa1 ,capta9 ,morgan dep>t$ f ! city ( ,panama1 or r f ! place :]e ! city ( ,panama did /&4 ,( ! spoils :]e( he c>ri$ ) him "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five bea/s ( c>riage1 lad5 ) silv]1 gold & o!r preci\s ?+s1 besides #fjj prison]s m or less1 betwe5 wom51 *ildr5 & slaves40 ,illu/ration3 ,,break+ ,,waves ,,at ,,old ,,panama ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,bell ,,at ,,rem$ios1 #afhb ,s !y plodd$ back to ,san ,lor5zo :5ce !y _h />t$ on _! piratical exp$ition4 ,x af=ds a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! /rictly bus9ess me?ods ( ^! pirates t be=e rea*+ ! ca/le ,morgan ord]$ a halt1 & _h e man se>*$ = valuables1 submitt+ himself to ! inquisition4 ,s ?or\gh 0 ! se>* t ev5 ! guns 7 %ak51 upside d[n1 le/ preci\s /ones might be conceal$ 9 _! b>rels4 ,h[ev] ! buccane]s came to je] at ,morgan's app>5t fairness 9 be+ se>*$ ) ! re/1 & putt+ 8 p]sonal pilf]+s into ! common lot z a piece ( duplicity4 ,= ! loot ( ! ,panama exp$ition has be5 reckon$ at sev]al millions ( doll>s1 & inde$ a t[n ( t size1 fam\s = weal? & at a p]iod :5 ! amass+ ( gold & jewels 0 a passion1 %\ld c]ta9ly h produc$ t mu*4 ,b :5 x came to ! vital op]ation ( divid+ ! spoils ! ord9>y fight+ m5 f\nd t = _! f\r mon?s' campaign1 !y receiv$ ab\t #ajj apiece4 8,:i* small sum10 says ! lit]>y apo!c>y ,esquemel+1 :o 0 8bunco$0 ) ! re/1 8!y ?\ght too little rew>d = s mu* labor & su* huge & manife/ dang]s !y _h s (t5 expos$ _! lives unto4 ,b ,capta9 ,morgan 0 deaf to all ^! & _m o!r compla9ts ( ?is k9d1 hav+ design$ 9 8 m9d to *eat !m ( z mu* z he c\ld40 ,h5ry ,morgan 0 inde$ a practical pirate1 :o1 _h he b liv$ f\r hundr$ ye>s lat]1 c\ld h made va/ly m money out ( a t[n ( #cj1jjj p by ! mild devices ( fran*ises & bonds1 ?an he did out ( ,panama ) murd]1 ! rack1 robb]y & rap9e = 8 me?ods4 ,aft] sett+ ! example ( loyally putt+ 8 all into ! common /ore1 he assum$ ! duty ( divid+ t /ore4 ,?is accompli%$ to 8 lik+1 & kn[+ t idl5ess bre$s discont5t1 & t discont5t is always hurtful to capital1 he set 8 m5 to "w pull+ ! ,ca/le ( ,san ,lor5zo to pieces4 ,:ile !y 7 ?us engag$1 "o d>k night ) favor+ w9ds he hove an*or & ) f\r %ips1 fill$ ) 8 ,engli% favorites1 & lad5 ) ! lion's %>e ( ! booty1 he sail$ away f ,*agres & f buccane]+ =ev]4 ,he left beh9d all ! ,fr5*1 ,dut* & mongrel pirates--^? anci5t & exp]i5c$ ones4 ,he left !m "s ( ! poor] %ips--mu* z an effici5t gang ( /reet railway loot]s leave "s ru/y rails & decrepit c>s to a t[n !y h loot$--b saw to x t none 0 left t c\ld possibly cat* up ) 8 fleet4 ,s ! des]t$ buccane]s fir/ f\ght a:ile among !mselves1 !n disp]s$4 ,"s 9 an amateuri% way sack$ ! t[n ( ,keys 9 ,cuba4 ,o!rs w5t to ,campe*e & ,honduras4 ,esquemel+ ) a small b& w5t up to ,bocadel ,toro1 n[ ! ,panama headqu>t]s ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company1 :5ce he made 8 way back to ,europe4 ,!re he wrote 8 8,hi/ory ( ! ,buccane]s10 :i* became "o ( ! _w's 8be/ sell]s10 & 9 :i* he gave 8 ,capta9 ,morgan 8! wor/ ( x0--a species ( satisfaction :i* is (t5 ! only rec\rse ( ! lit]>y man :o gets tangl$ up ) ,big ,bus9ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,beetl+ ,,cliffs ,,( ,,! ,,upp] ,,*agres ,z = ,capta9 ,morgan1 he 0 made mu* ( at ,jamaica1 :]e ! cr[n's %>e ( ! proce$s ( 8 piracy 0 *e]fully accept$ by ! gov]nor4 ,b 9 ,engl& !re 0 "s emb>rassm5t1 = !re 0 no w> ) ,spa9 & ! complete de/ruction ( a ,spani% city by a =ce be>+ ,briti% flags 0 at lea/ emb>rass+4 ,s by way ( %[+ its rep5tance & good int5t ! gov]nm5t ann\nc$ its purpose to suppress buccane]+ & all piracy1 & to t end creat$ ,h5ry ,morgan a b>onet & put ! commission 9 8 h&s--mu* z we h be5 accu/om$ to put politicians on our civil s]vice commissions1 & protect$ manufactur]s on our t>iff bo>ds4 ,s z ,sir ,h5ry ,morgan ?is mo/ :olesale robb] & murd]] ,c5tral ,am]ica ev] knew end$ 8 days 9 high respectability4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,roots ,,rea* ,,d[n ,,seek+ ,,= ,,soil ,:ile ! ru9s ( ,old ,panama comp>e b unfavorably ) ^? ( ,porto ,bello or ,san ,lor5zo1 _! proximity to ! city ( ,panama make !m a favorite po9t ( int]e/ = t\ri/s4 ,half a day is ample to give to ! drive out & back & to ! inspection ( ! ru9s !mselves4 ,! ext5d$ area ov] :i* !y are scatt]$ te/ifies to ! size ( ! oblit]at$ city1 :ile ! wide spaces1 de/itute ( any sign ( occupation1 :i* int]v5e betwe5 ! rema9+ relics1 %[s cle>ly t ! great] "p ( ! t[n mu/ h be5 built ( p]i%able mat]ials easily swept away at ! "t ( ! fire1 or sl[ly dis9tegrat+ dur+ ! flood ( ye>s t h s9ce roll$ by4 ,! t[] ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,/4 ,augu/9e alone among ! relics /ill rema9+ af=ds any sugge/ion ( gr&eur or ev5 ( ar*itectural dignity4 ,to rea* ! ru9s y take a horse1 a c>riage or an automobile = a ride ( ab\t five miles ov] an excell5t road laid & ma9ta9$ by ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,if y g by horseback ! old trail :i* ! pirates us$ is /ill traceable & at l[ tide "o c ride along ! bea*4 ,= ! majority ! drive along ! road1 :i* %\ld be tak5 9 ! e>ly morn+1 is ! simpl] way1 ?\gh !re 0 promise 9 #aiac t )9 a few mon?s a trolley l9e w\ld /ill fur!r simplify ! trip4 ,f ,balboa1 ! ,pacific op5+ ( ! ,panama ,canal1 & ! newe/ ( ! _w's great ports1 to ! ru9s ( ,old ,panama1 f\nd$ 9 #afji & oblit]at$ by pirates 9 #afga1 by trolley 9 two h\rs6 ,0 ev] ! pa/ m audaci\sly l9k$ to ! pres5t8 ,7 ev] exhibits ( ! peaceful comm]ce ( today & ! bloody raids ( anci5t times plac$ 9 su* dramatic juxtaposition8 ,! road to ,old ,panama runs ?r\gh a peaceful graz+ c\ntry1 ) a v few plantations4 ,"o or two c\ntry resid5ces ( prosp]\s ,panamanians appe> /&+ well back f ! road1 b signs ( life & ( indu/ry are few4 ,! c\ntry lies high1 is op5 & free f jungle & 9 almo/ any ,nor? ,am]ican /ate1 ly+ ?us close to a t[n ( #dj1jjj p & adjac5t to a di/rict 9 :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates is sp5d+ "s millions ( doll>s a mon?1 w\ld be platt$ 9 additions = miles ar\nd1 & dott$ ) ! signs ( real e/ate deal]s4 ,b ! ,panamanian m9d is n speculative1 or at any rate so>s little above ! weekly lott]y ticket4 ,s all ,uncle ,samuel's disbursem5ts 9 ! ,zone h ?us f> produc$ no?+ remotely resembl+ a real e/ate boom4 ,h[ev] z we turn (f f ! ma9 road t[>d ! sea & ! squ>e brok5 t[] ( ! old ca!dral1 or ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ) ! f]ns spr++ f ! jagg$ top1 & v9es twi/+ out ?r\gh ! dumbly />+ w9d[s1 real e/ate & 8booms0 seem s+ul>ly ignoble topics 9 ! pres5ce ( ?is mute spectator ( ! agonies ( a m>tyr$ p4 ,= ev5 ! dull+ mi/s ( ! int]pos+ c5turies1 ev5 our feel+ t ! ,spani>ds suff]$ only ! angui% & ! torm5ts :i* !y _h !mselves met$ out to ! real own]s ( ! l&s !y _h seiz$ ^u1 _c :olly blunt ! s5se ( pity = ! wom5 & *ildr51 = ! husb&s & fa!rs 9 ! city :i* fell "u ,morgan's blight4 ,x w\ld be no easy task to ga!r 9 ! wor/ purlieus ( any ,am]ican city today a b& s :olly lo/ to %ame1 to pity & to ,god z ! ruffians :o foll[$ ,morgan4 ,:at !y did to ! p on :om _! h&s reek+ ) blood 7 laid mu/ be left to ! imag9ation4 ,! only contempor>y record ( ! sack 0 writt5 by "o ( _! own numb] to :om app>5tly su* sc5es _h become commonplace1 = :ile 8 gorge rises at ! contemplation ( 8 own h>d =tune 9 be+ robb$ & des]t$ by 8 *ief1 he rec\nts ! torture ( m5 & ! violation ( wom5 9 a matt]-(-fact way z ?\gh all 9 ! day's "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bluff ,,ne> ,,toro ,,po9t ,photograph+ ?is sc5e is n[ prohibit$ z a ,unit$ ,/ates =t is to be erect$ "h ,driv+ on we come to ! ar*$ bridge :i* =m$ ! ma9 entrance to ! t[n 9 ! day ( its d[nfall4 ,/urdy x is /ill1 ?\gh ! public road no long] passes ov] x1 defy+ ! assaults ( "t & ! m dis9tegrat+ inroads ( ! tropical plants :i* ins9uate !mselves into e crevice1 pry+ ! /one ap>t ) t5d] f+]s ev] h>d5+4 ,at once ! bridge1 none too wide = ?ree to cross abrea/1 awak5s wond] t no ,horatius 0 9 all ! ,spani% armies to keep ! bridge z did he ( anci5t ,rome4 ,b aft] all ! rivulet :i* today makes its sluggi% way "u ! ar* is no ,tib] to hold ! invad+ army at bay4 ,p]haps x 0 bigg] 9 ,morgan's "t2 today x w\ld be easily =d$1 almo/ leapt4 ,at any rate no 8,dauntless ,?ree0 l ^? ,macaulay sung 7 !re to /ay ! onroll+ tide ( foem54 ,illu/ration3 8,,:e!r ,,! ,,tree ,,or ,,! ,,wall ,,is ,,/\t] ,,is ,a ,,problem0 ,h>dly h we pass$ ! bridge ?an a massive v9e-emb$d$ ru9 on ! left ( ! road /&s mute evid5ce t ! ,spani>ds _h =ts1 if !y _h b possess$ ! c\rage to def5d !m4 ,?is is ! ,casa ,reale1 or gov]nm5t h\se4 ,its walls ( rubble masonry are full two feet ?ick & h ! appe>ance ( hav+ be5 pi]c$ = musketry4 ,if ! buccane]s _h any artill]y at all1 :i* is d\btful1 x 0 h>dly heavy en\gh to h _h any effect aga9/ su* a wall4 ,secure )9 ! ,casa ,reale su* a h&ful ( m5 z held ! ,alamo aga9/ ! ,mexicans c\ld h resi/$ ,morgan's m5 indef9itely4 ,b ! _s 0 lack+4 ,! /\t walls ( ! ,casa ,reale /& n[ z evid5ces ( ! "* ( ! def5ses ! p ( ,panama _h if !y b _h ! pluck to use !m4 ,cont9u+ t[>d ! sea ! visitor next comes ^u ! ru9s ( ! ,ca!dral1 :i* are 9 s %att]$ a /ate z to ju/ify ! belief t ei!r ! invad]s or ! ,spani>ds !mselves employ$ gunp[d] to wreck s massive an edifice4 ,! flames & ! "w ( ! vegetation c\ld h>dly h accompli%$ su* complete de/ruction4 ,! t[] alone reta9s def9ite =m1 ris+ ab\t fifty feet f a d5se jungle1 & l9$ )9 ) v9es & cl++ trees t use ! anci5t walls z a support & ha/5 _! dis9tegration 9 s do+4 ,x is difficult ev5 to trace ! l9es ( ! great *ur*1 s ?or\ghly h its walls be5 demoli%$4 ,"s ( ! massive ar*es /ill /& all p5dul\s ) v9es4 ,at ! wat]'s edge "o /ill f9ds /eps lead+ d[n into ! sea1 & ! rema9s ( ! old pav$ road to :i* at high tide ! boats c\ld come ) _! c>goes ( fi% & c\ntry produce4 ,if "o happ5s to visit ! spot at l[ tide ! view look+ seaw>d is z ugly z c\ld well be imag9$4 ,! h>d s& bea* ext5ds only to high wat] m>k4 ,beyond t = m ?an a mile seaw>d ext5ds a dismal range ( black mud ( ab\t ! consi/5cy ( putty4 ,ne> ! %ore x is se5 to be full ( r\nd holes f :i* crawl unsightly worms & small crabs4 ,e4 ,c4 ,/$man puts its unsightly appe>ance 9 two l9es3 8,! tide /ill ebbs a league f quay1 ,! buzz>ds sc\r ! empty bay40 ,along ! /r& /ill /& fragm5ts ( ! old seawall1 & at a consid]able di/ance f ! ,ca!dral ru9s y come ^u ano!r l>ge build+ ( :i* little m ?an ! l[] walls & ! subt]ranean vaults /ill h =m & coh]5ce4 ,! dungeon into :i* visitors usually make _! way is peculi>ly d>k1 damp & dismal1 & ! g5]al air ( gh\li%ness is mightily enhanc$ by ! myriads ( bats t hang f ! ceil+ & :irl & :iz away :5 intrud]s light mat*es to /udy ! mold]+ masonry4 ,a mo/ int]e/+ feature ( ?is crypt is ! great roots ( ! trees & %rubs t sprung f se$s t _h fall5 into "s crevice & f\nd !re soil en\gh to g]m9ate1 b n suffici5t to support life z ! plant grew l>g]4 ,! roots twi/ & creep along ! walls1 rea*+ out = e>? bel[ z un]r+ly z a giant boa creeps s9u\sly ?r\gh ! jungle4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,revolutions ,,& ,,! ,,fr5* ,,regime ,! hi/ory ( ! ,i/hmus f ! fall ( ,old ,panama to ! "t :5 ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 )\t any p>ticul> pomp or c]emony1 took up ! picks & %ovels ! ,fr5* _h laid d[n & w5t to "w on ! ,canal1 may be pass$ ov] "h 9 ! lighte/ & sket*ie/ way4 ,x is ( ,panama ( ! ,pres5t1 r ?an ,panama ( ! ,pa/1 t ,i h to tell ev5 ?\gh t pa/ be full ( picturesque & racy incid5t4 ,curi\s en\gh is ! way 9 :i* ?r\gh all ^? c5turies ( lawless no-gov]nm5t1 ,spani% mis-gov]nm5t1 & local self-gov]nm5t1 temp]$ by annual revolutions1 !re appe>s always ! idea t "s day !re w be a wat]way across ! neck ( ! cont95t4 ,x 0 almo/ z h>d = ! e>ly ,spani>ds to ab&on ! idea t su* a natural wat]way exi/$ z x has be5 9 lat] ye>s to make ! trans-cont95tal railroads und]/& t ! ,am]ican p int5d$ to create su* a /rait4 ,! se>* = ! natural wat]way _h h>dly be5 ab&on$ :5 discussion arose z to ! practicability ( creat+ an artificial "o4 ,9 its e>li] days ?is project enc\nt]$ n only ! physical ob/acles :i* we _h to ov]come1 b o!rs spr++ f ! r exagg]at$ piety ( ! "t4 ,yet x 0 a *apla9 to ,cortez :o fir/ sugge/$ a canal to ,philip ,,ii ( ,spa9 9 words t h a good tw5tie?-c5tury r+ to !m1 ?\gh _! =m be ar*aic3 8,x is true10 he wrote1 8t m\nta9s ob/ruct ^! passes1 b if !re be m\nta9s !re are also h&s40 ,t is ! _s 9 :i* ,uncle ,sam approa*$ ! ,big ,job4 ,b :5 ! /urdy *apla9's appeal came to ,k+ ,philip he ref]r$ x to ! prie/s ( 8 c\ncil1 :o rul$ x out ^u ! scriptural injunction1 8,:at ,god ha? jo9$ toge!r let no man put asund]10 & !y 7 back$ up by a le>n$ prelate on ! ,i/hmus1 ,fray ,josef de ,aco/a1 :o av]r$1 8,no human p[] w suffice to demoli% ! mo/ /rong & imp5etrable m\nta9s1 & solid rocks :i* ,god has plac$ betwe5 ! two seas1 & :i* su/a9 ! fury ( ! two oceans4 ,& :5 x w\ld be to m5 possible x w\ld 9 my op9ion be v prop] to fe> ! *a/isem5t ( heav5 = wi%+ to correct ! works :i* ! ,creator ) greate/ delib]ation & =esight orda9$ 9 ! creation ( ?is univ]se40 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,pablo ,,lock ,,9 ,,fr5* ,,days ,d\btless ! ,fray de ,aco/a 0 ! m or?odox1 b we l bett] ! _s ( ! cl]ic :o held ! some:at difficult po/ ( spiritual advis] to ,cortez4 ,8 belief t 8if !re are m\nta9s !re are also h&s0 is good doctr9e1 & we c believe t ! good fa!r w\ld h lik$ to h se5 "s ( ,col4 ,goe?als' /eam %ovels bit+ into ^? m\nta9s at five cubic y>ds a bite4 ,x seems /range t ! f\r canal r\tes ov] ! respective m]its ( :i* ! ,s5ate ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 engag$ 9 seem+ly int]m9able wrangle only a few ye>s ago--,nic>agua1 ,d>i51 ,panama & ,tehuantepec--%\ld h be5 sugge/$ by ,cortez 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,ne>ly #bej ye>s be=e ! bir? ( ! republic de/9$ to dig ! canal ?is /\t explor] f old ,spa9 laid an un]r+ f+] ^u ! only r\tes :i* x c\ld foll[4 ,d\btless x 0 z well t no ef=t 0 made at ! "t1 yet x w\ld be unwise = u ) smug tw5tie?-c5tury self-suffici5cy to ass]t t no o!r age ?an ours c\ld h put ! project ?r\gh4 ,p]haps ! labor & skill t rais$ ! mighty city ( ,palmyra1 or built ! massive aqu$ucts t 9 ru9s /ill span ! ,roman ,campagna1 or c>v$ ! ,colossi ( ! ,egyptian des]t1 might h be5 equal to ! ,panama problem4 ,9 #ahad ! ,spani% cortes ord]$ surveys made = a canal1 b no?+ came ( x1 & ! great project lay quiesc5t z long z ,spa9's p[] 9 ! ,i/hmus rema9$ un%ak54 ,m by ! indiff]5ce ( o!r nations ?an by any "r ( _! own1 ! ,spani% _h assum$ sov]eignty ov] all ( ,s\? & ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,t !y held ! c\ntry by virtue ( a papal bull--su* z t may be--& by "r ( conque/ is und5iable4 ,b m5 begun to say t ! ,pope _h giv5 ,spa9 some?+ he nev] own$1 :ile s f> z conque/ 0 conc]n$ ,morgan _h tak5 f ! ,spani% all !y ev] won by =ce ( arms on ! ,i/hmus4 ,he did n hold :at he _h tak5 because he 0 a pirate n a pione]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"p ,,( ,,! ,,sea ,,wall ,,at ,,panama ,! only s]i\s ef=t to colonize 9 ! ,panama region by any p1 save ,spani>ds1 0 ! f\nd+ ( a colony ( ,scot* ,presbyt]ians1 head$ by "o ,william ,patt]son1 :o _h occupi$ a ,scot* pulpit4 ,beside !ology he mu/ h kn[n some?+ ( f9ance1 = he organiz$1 & 0 "o ( ! fir/ directors (1 ! ,bank ( ,engl&4 ,8 colonization project 9 ,panama 0 broadly conceiv$1 b badly execut$4 ,tak+ ! ri* ,ea/ ,india ,company = a model he secur$ a fran*ise f ,scotl&1 grant+ him a monopoly ( ,scotti% trade 9 ! ,indies 9 return = an annual tribute ( "o hog%ead ( tobacco4 ,capitaliz+ 8 company = #fjj1jjj1 he back$ ! %>es ) 8 reputation z a f\nd] ( ! bank & saw ! capital ov]-subscrib$ 9 ,london4 ,b ! success woke up 8 rivals4 ,!y work$ on ! ,k+1 p]suad$ him to d5\nce ! action tak5 9 ,scotl& & pu%$ a law ?r\gh ! ,engli% ,p>liam5t outlaw+ ! ,scot* company 9 ,engl&4 ,9 e c\ntry ! p int]e/$ 9 ! e/abli%$ companies f\ght ! int]lop] :o 0 try+ to break into _! pr(itable demesne4 ,b ! ,scot* /uck to _! guns4 ,!y ralli$ at fir/ ab\t ,patt]son z 9 lat] ye>s ! ,fr5* flock$ to ! support ( ,de ,lesseps4 ,%ips 7 built 9 ,am/]dam1 pi/ols 7 b\ght by :olesale1 br&y & bibles 7 bo? ga!r$ 9 l>ge quantities1 & 9 #agfh volunte]s 7 call$ = to jo9 ! exp$ition4 ,e settl] 0 promis$ fifty acres ( agricultural l& & "o fifty-foot t[n lot4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,pelicans ,,9 ,,! ,,bay ,,( ,,panama ,politics _h bo!r$ ,patt]son at ! outset by array+ ! ,engli% aga9/ ! ,scot*4 ,n[ religion add$ to ! diss5sion4 ,! *ur* & ! kirk factions--or ! ,episcopalians & ! ,presbyt]ians--fell af\l ( ea* o!r4 ,! kirk c>ri$ ! executive c\ncil & ,patt]son1 ! only man :o knew any?+ ab\t ! exp$ition1 0 p]mitt$ to accompany x only z an ord9>y settl]4 ,graft /epp$ 9 & ?\gh ! coloni/s paid = six mon?s' provisions !y discov]$ :5 f> out at sea t !y _h b en\gh = two4 ,moreov] nobody on ! %ips knew :]e !y 7 go+ to settle1 = !y sail$ "u seal$ ord]s4 ,:5 ^! 7 op5$ & ! tid+s spread t ,panama & n ! ,ea/ ,indies 0 ! de/9ation1 !re 0 r5ew$ di/ru/ & disaffection4 ,illu/ration3 ,,road ,,f ,,panama ,,to ,,la ,,boca ,! /ory ( ?is luckless ent]prise is %ort & dismal4 ,on ! voyage out =ty-f\r ( ! adv5tur]s di$1 & aft] l&+ ! dea?s cont9u$ ) melan*oly regul>ity4 ,!y 7 sp>$ tr\ble ) ! ,indians :o1 on le>n+ t !y 7 no fri5ds to ! ,spani>ds1 welcom$ !m w>mly1 & urg$ !m to jo9 9 driv+ ! ,spani>ds f ! l&4 ,b illness held ! #ijj coloni/s gripp$1 & mal>ia1 ! rul+ pe/ ( ^? tropical %ores1 is n wont to /imulate a militant _s4 ,!y _h settl$ on ! ,atlantic coa/ 9 ! ,d>i5 region1 z f> f ! ri* traffic ( ! ,ea/ ,indies z ?\gh !y 7 9 _! old ,cal$onian homes4 ,curi\sly en\gh !y made no ef=t to get across to ! ,pacific1 :5ce only c\ld trade be conduct$1 b p]haps t 0 z well1 = ! ,spani>ds ?\gh mu* brok5 by ! rec5t invasion ( ! buccane]s w\ld h resi/$ su* an advance to _! utmo/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright4 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,old ,,fr5* ,,canal ,,at ,,m\nt ,,hope ,our eng9e]s ab&on$ ! ,fr5* canal except z a dock+ place = vessels & a wat]way = c>ry+ mat]ial to ! foot ( ,gatun locks4 ,s ! unhappy coloni/s ( ,new ,cal$onia f\nd !mselves on a miasmatic bit ( l&1 remote f any?+ l civilization1 ) no sign ( trade to engage _! activities1 an av[$ enemy at _! back & surr\nd$ by ,indians1 ! price ( ^: fri5d%ip 0 a decl>ation ( w> ^u ! ,spani>ds4 ,to make matt]s worse1 ! ,k+ issu$ a proclamation prohibit+ all gov]nors ( ,engli% colonies 9 ! ,we/ ,indies f giv+ !m aid or com=t1 d5\nc+ !m z outlaws4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,city ,,p>k ,,( ,,colon ,di%e>t5$1 ! fir/ colony broke up & sail$ away1 j :5 ! ,company 0 dispat*+ two m %ips f ,scotl&4 ,! fugitives sail$ = ,new ,york1 & on "o ( _! %ips c>ry+ #bej m51 #aej are said to h di$ be=e rea*+ t port4 ,z = ! new coloni/s1 !y rea*$ ! des]t$ =t ( ,/4 ,&rew1 & saw ! mute evid5ces ( dea? & despair4 ,f ! ,indians !y le>n$ ! details ( ! /ory1 & a great majority vot$ to sail away )\t fur!r delay4 ,twelve h[ev] elect$ to /op1 & be+ l&$ ) a g5]\s supply ( provisions1 kept foo?old 9 ! colony until ! ?ird exp$ition arriv$4 ,?is consi/$ ( f\r %ips1 :i* _h left ! ,clyde ) ab\t #acjj coloni/s4 ,ab\t #afj h[ev] di$ on ! way out1 & ! survivors 7 mightily di/ress$ :5 in/ead ( f9d+ a ?riv+ colony ( a ?\s& or m await+ !m1 !y discov]$ only twelve ,scot*m5 liv+ mis]ably 9 huts ) ! ,indians4 ,! imag9ative prospectus writ] seems to h be5 no less active & engag+ at t "t ?an 9 ^! days ( m9+ promotions1 & _m ( ! new coloni/s _h come 9 ! expectation ( f9d+ a l& wat]$ by spr+s1 ! wat]s ( :i* 7 8z s(t z milk & v n\ri%+10 a l& :]e9 p liv$ #aej ye>s1 & to die at #abe 0 to be cut (f 9 ! fl[] ( "o's y\?4 ,:at !y f\nd 0 twelve hagg>d ,scot*m5 9 a primeval =e/1 ill-f$1 unclo!d1 dep5d5t l>gely on ! *>ity ( ! ,indians1 & :o1 s f> f look+ confid5tly =w>d to an hundr$ m ye>s ( life cri$ dolor\sly to ! newcom]s1 8,take u h5ce or we p]i%40 ,! new coloni/s1 h[ev]1 _h pluck4 ,/ifl+ _! disappo9tm5t1 !y disemb>k$ & settl$ d[n to make ! colony a success4 ,accord+ to ! records !y _h br\ght five =ces = dis9tegration & failure along ) !m--namely f\r m9i/]s & a mo/ prodigi\s lot ( br&y4 ,! anci5t *ronicl]s d n say ^u :i* ( ^! re/s ! mo/ blame = ! disa/]s t foll[$4 ,! m9i/]s /raightway set up to be rul]s ( ! colony4 ,:5 /ockades %\ld be a-build+ all 7 engag$ 9 erect+ h\ses = !m4 ,z b two c\ld prea* 9 ! space ( "o ,sunday1 !y designat$ two holy days weekly :]eon !y prea*$ su* res\nd+ s]mons t 8! regul> s]vice frequ5tly la/$ twelve h\rs )\t any int]ruption40 ,nor w\ld !y d o!r "w ?an s]moniz+4 ,z = ! br&y1 all ! records ( ! colony agree t mu* too mu* ( x & ( ! curi\s native dr9ks 0 us$ by all1 & t ! m9i/]s !mselves 7 wont to re9vigorate !mselves aft] _! pulpit ex]tions by mighty potations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ildr5 ,,9 ,a ,,native ,,hut ,yet ! colony 0 n :olly )\t a c]ta9 /urdy self reliance4 ,see+ x p]si/ despite all ob/acles1 ! ,spani>ds dispat*$ a =ce ( soldi]s f ,panama to de/roy x4 ,campbell waylaid !m 9 ! jungle & ov]?rew !m4 ,!n ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 became al>m$ & s5t eight ,spani% m5-(-w> to make an end ( ^! int]lop]s--! ,k+ ( ,engl& & ,scotl& coldly leav+ !m to _! fate4 ,b !y f\ght s bravely t 9 ! end ! ,spani%1 ?\gh _! fleet _h be5 ren=c$ by ?ree %ips1 7 oblig$ to grant !m capitulation ) ! honors ( w>1 & !y 8m>*$ out ) _! colors fly+ & drums beat+1 toge!r ) arms & ammunition1 & ) all _! goods40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,wat] ,,front ,,( ,,panama ,s end$ ! ef=t to make ( ,d>i5 an outpo/ ( ,scotl&4 ,9 ! ef=t #bjjj lives & ov] #bjj1jjj _h be5 lo/4 ,macaulay expla9s x by say+1 8,x 0 folly to suppose t m5 born & br$ )9 t5 degrees ( ! ,arctic circle w\ld enjoy excell5t heal? )9 t5 degrees ( ! equator40 ,b ,"l ,macaulay =got to reckon on ! ho/ility ( ! ,ea/ ,india ,company1 ^: monopoly 0 ?reat5$1 ! pl5te\sness ( ! br&y & ! zeal ( ! f\r m9i/]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,wat] ,,gate ,,( ,,panama ,aft] ! expulsion ( ! ,scot*1 ! dom9ation ( ! ,i/hmus by ! ,spani>ds 0 nev] aga9 s]i\sly m5ac$ by any =eign p[]4 ,all ! va/ ,s\? & ,c5tral ,am]ican doma9 0 lo/ to ,spa91 n by ! attacks ( h] ,european neighbors1 b by ! revolt ( _! p aga9/ a gov]nm5t :i* 0 at "o "t ineffici5t & tyrannical4 ,! ,fr5* ,revolution & ! ,napoleonic upheaval 9 ,europe f\nd _! e*o 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 :]e "o aft] ano!r ! v>i\s /ates ?rew (f ! ,spani% yoke4 ,b ,panama1 !n kn[n z ,t]ra ,firma1 0 sl[ to jo9 9 ! revolution>y activities ( h] neighbors4 ,x is true t 9 #ahab ! revolutioni/s became s active 9 ,bogot1 ! capital ( ! prov9ce1 t ! seat ( gov]nm5t 0 tempor>ily remov$ to ,panama ,city4 ,b ! c\ntry z a :ole 0 sluggi%4 ,f\r classes ( citiz5s1 ,european ,spani>ds1 _! sons1 born on ! ,i/hmus1 & call$ creoles1 ! ,indians & ! negroes1 made up ! population & 7 too div]se by bir? & nature to unite = any patriotic purpose4 ,accord+ly ?r\gh ! p]iod ( break+ %ackles1 :i* made ,boliv> fam\s ! _w ov] & creat$ ! great gr\p ( republics 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 ! /ate ( :i* ! ,i/hmus 0 a "p rema9$ quiesc5t4 ,9 #ahad revolutioni/s va9ly tri$ to take ,porto ,bello1 b t fam\s =tress :i* nev] resi/$ a =eign foe successfully1 beat (f ! patriots4 ,panama 0 at ?is "t 9 high favor at ,madrid because ( its loyalty & ! ,cortes pass$ resolutions = ! build+ ( a canal1 b w5t no fur!r4 ,b all ! "t ! revolution>y leav5 0 work+ b5ea? ! surface4 ,9 #ahba a field m>%al f ,spa91 *>g$ ) ! task ( cru%+ out ! revolution 9 ,colombia & ,ecuador1 /ripp$ ,porto ,bello1 ,san ,lor5zo & ,panama ( ! great] "p ( _! g>risons & took !m to ,guayaquil4 ,by bribes & promises ! local patriots p]suad$ ! few soldi]s rema9+ to des]t &1 ) no possibility ( resi/ance1 ! indep5d5ce ( ,panama f ,spa9 0 decl>$4 ,e>ly 9 #ahbb ,panama became ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,i/hmus 9 ! ,republic ( ,colombia4 ,x w\ld be idle to describe1 ev5 to enum]ate1 all ! revolutions :i* h disquiet$ ! ,i/hmus s9ce x fir/ jo9$ ,colombia 9 repudiat+ ! ,spani% rule4 ,!y h be5 z ?ick z insects 9 ! jungle4 ,no physical1 social or comm]cial ties b\nd ,panama to ,colombia at any "t dur+ _! long association4 ,a m\nta9 range divid$ ! two c\ntries & betwe5 ! cities ( ,panama & ,bogot !re 0 no communication by l&4 ,9 =eign comm]ce ! prov9ce ( ,panama exce$$ ! p>5t /ate1 :ile ! possession ( ! %orte/ r\te across ! ,i/hmus 0 an asset ( :i* bo? ,bogotns & ,panamanians ke5ly realiz$ ! value4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,entrance ,,to ,,mt4 ,,hope ,,cemet]y ,revolutions 7 annual occurr5ces1 sometimes h>d f\ght1 = ! p ( ,panama h pl5ty ( c\rage 9 ! field2 sometimes end$ ) ! fir/ battle4 ,! "n ( ! p>5t /ate has be5 sometimes ,colombia1 sometimes ,new ,granada2 ,panama has at times be5 indep5d5t1 at o!rs a /ate ( ! ,f$]ation ( ,new ,granada2 at "o "t briefly alli$ ) ,ecuador & ,v5ezuela4 ,9 #ahdf ! volume ( ,nor? ,am]ican travel across ! ,i/hmus became s great t ! ,unit$ ,/ates ent]$ into a treaty ) ,new ,granada 9 :i* we gu>ante$ to keep ! ,i/hmus op5 = transit4 ,t & ! build+1 by ,am]ican capital ( ! ,panama ,railroad1 made u a directly int]e/$ p>ty 9 all subsequ5t revolutions4 ,( ^! !re 7 pl5ty4 ,presid5t ,!odore ,roosevelt1 def5d+ 9 #aijc ! diplomatic me?ods by :i* he 8took0 ,panama1 enum]at$ no few] ?an fifty-?ree revolutions 9 ! fifty-sev5 ye>s t _h elaps$ s9ce ! sign+ ( ! treaty4 ,he summ$ up ! situation ?us3 8,! above is only a p>tial li/ ( ! revolutions1 rebellions1 insurrections1 riots1 & o!r outbreaks t h occurr$ dur+ ! p]iod 9 "q2 yet !y numb] fifty-?ree = ! la/ fifty-sev5 ye>s4 ,x w be not$ t "o ( !m la/$ ne>ly ?ree ye>s be=e x 0 quell$2 ano!r = ne>ly a ye>4 ,9 %ort1 ! exp]i5ce ( ne>ly half a c5tury has %[n ,colombia to be utt]ly incapable ( keep+ ord] on ! ,i/hmus4 ,only ! active int]f]5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates has enabl$ h] to pres]ve s mu* z a semblance ( sov]eignty4 ,_h x n be5 = ! ex]cise by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ! police p[] 9 h] int]e/1 h] connection ) ! ,i/hmus w\ld h be5 sev]$ long ago40 ,illu/ration3 ,,ca!dral ,,plaza1 ,,panama ,! build+ 9 ! c5t] 0 by turns ! ,fr5* & ! ,am]ican ,adm9i/ration ,build+ ,we are apt to ?9k ( ^! revolutions z m]e riots1 upris+s some:at aft] ! sort ( ,fal/aff's sev5 m5 9 buckram1 & savor+ mu* ( ! op]a b\ffe4 ,su*1 to a great ext5t !y 71 & curi\sly en\gh none ( !m1 except = its outcome1 0 less s]i\s or dignifi$ ?an ! f9al "o :i* won = ,panama its fre$om f ,colombia1 & = ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! t5 miles' /rip across ! ocean call$ ! ,canal ,zone4 ,t 0 p]haps ! only revolution 9 hi/ory by :i* 0 creat$ a new & sov]eign-/ate1 & ! issue ( :i* 0 f9ally det]m9$ by ! inability ( a comm&+ g5]al to pay ! f>es = 8 troops ov] =ty-eight miles ( railroad4 ,( t1 h[ev]1 m h]eaft]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,av5ida ,,c5trale ,! build+ ) ! r\nd$ corn] balcony is ! ,am]ican ,consulate ,( c\rse1 dur+ all ! revolutions & c\nt] revolutions ! idea ( ! canal _h /eadily gr[n4 ,engl& at "o "t took a mild int]e/ 9 x & s5t "o ,horatio ,nelson to look ov] ! l&4 ,! "y naval (fic]'s heal? fail$ him & he return$ to become 9 lat] ye>s ! h]o ( ,trafalg> & ! ,nile4 ,lat]1 ! great ,g]man sci5ti/1 ,b>on von ,humboldt1 9 ! c\rse ( a fam\s voyage to ,s\? ,am]ica1 sp5t "s "t on ! ,i/hmus1 & wrote mu* ( its natural features1 enum]at+ n9e r\tes = a canal includ+ ( c\rse ! "o f9ally adopt$4 ,l\is ,napoleon1 ?\gh nev] on ! ,i/hmus1 dream$ out ! possibilities ( a canal :5 he 0 a prison] 9 ! =tress ( ,ham4 ,_h he succe$$ 9 ma9ta9+ ,maximilian on ! ?rone ( ,mexico he might h made ! ,i/hmian hi/ory v diff]5t4 ,among our own p1 ,de ,witt ,cl9ton1 build] ( ! ,erie ,canal1 & ,h5ry ,clay1 7 ! fir/ to plan = an ,am]ican canal across ! ,i/hmus1 b )\t tak+ practical /eps to accompli% x4 ,canal s*emes1 h[ev]1 7 almo/ z num]\s z revolutions 9 ! ye>s prec$+ #aijc4 ,d>i51 ,panama1 ,tehuantepec1 ,nic>agua h all be5 consid]$ at v>i\s times1 & ! la/ nam$ = "s "t 0 a v close second to ,panama 9 favor4 ,!re is reason to believe t ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates delib]ately 8nurs$0 ! ,nic>agua project 9 ord] to exact bett] t]ms f ,colombia1 :i* held ! ,panama r\te at an exorbitant figure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ancon ,,hill ,,at ,,sunset ,! honor ( actually inaugurat+ ! canal "w mu/ ev] belong to ! ,fr5*1 z ! honor ( complet+ x w accrue to u4 ,x is n ! fir/ "t ei!r t ! ,fr5* & ! ,am]icans work$ toge!r to accompli% some?+ on ?is cont95t4 ,yorkt[n & ,panama ought to be reg>d$ z *apt]s ( ! /ory ( a long p>tn]%ip4 ,9 #ahgf ,f]d9& de ,lesseps1 ) ! glory ( hav+ dug ! ,suez ,canal /ill unt>ni%$1 became int]e/$ 9 ! ,panama situation z ! result ( repres5tations made by a ,fr5* eng9e]1 ,napoleon ,b4 ,wyse4 ,lieut4 ,wyse _h made a survey ( ! ,i/hmus &1 9 connection ) ,g54 ,/eph5 ,turr1 a ,hung>ian1 _h secur$ a concession f ,colombia to run n9ety-n9e ye>s aft] ! completion ( ! canal1 ) a paym5t to ,colombia ( #bej1jjj annually aft] ! sev5ty-fif? ye> _h expir$4 ,?is fran*ise 0 transf]able by sale to any o!r private company b c\ld n be sold to a gov]nm5t--a proviso :i* lat] complicat$ greatly ! negotiations ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,ab&on$ ,,fr5* ,,ma*9]y ,,on ,,! ,,canal ,de ,lesseps 0 in/antly int]e/$4 ,! honors :i* _h be5 heap$ ^u him z ! result ( 8 successful op]ation at ,suez 7 v grateful to him4 ,! ,fr5* temp]am5t is p>ticul>ly avid ( praise & public honor4 ,moreov]1 he s9c]ely believ$ 9 ! practicability ( ! plan &1 nei!r at ! outset or lat]1 did any "o fully enlight5 him z to ! prodigi\s ob/acles to be enc\nt]$4 ,lieut4 ,wyse _h int]e/$ a gr\p ( f9anci]s :o sc5t$ 9 ! s*eme a *ance = great pr(its1 & to _! project ! "n ( ,de ,lesseps 0 all important4 ,= adv]tis+ purposes x _h ! value ( t ( ,roosevelt today4 ,to laun* ! project successfully money 0 ne$$1 & ?is !y f\nd4 ,"s sort ( pr(essional approval1 9 addition to ! ,de ,lesseps "n1 0 desirable & ?is !y provid$ by call+ toge!r an ,int]national ,sci5tific ,congress at ,p>is to discuss ! great und]tak+4 ,"o hundr$ & sixty-f\r delegates 7 pres5t1 ( :om =ty-two 7 eng9e]s & only elev5 ,am]icans4 ,x 0 *>g$ at ! "t t ! congress 0 m political ?an sci5tific & fur!rmore t x 0 8pack$0 s z to regi/] only ! w ( ,de ,lesseps1 :o 9 turn recomm5d$ 9 ! ma9 su* measures z ! syndicate putt+ up ! money desir$4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,congress gave a quasi-public & sci5tific appe>ance to a project :i* 0 really conceiv$ only z a money-mak+ proposition by a gr\p ( f9anci]s4 ,!re 0 & has s9ce be5 bitt] criticism ( ! vote by :i* ! ,congress decl>$ = a sea-level canal--a decision :i* ! ,fr5* !mselves 7 =c$ to rev]se & :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates def9itely ab&on$ e>ly 9 its "w4 ,9 ! ,fr5* ,congress !re 7 less ?an #ajj ( ! #afd delegates pres5t :5 ! vote 0 tak54 ,sev5ty-eight vot$ = sea-level & a majority ( ! eng9e]s vot$ aga9/ x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]:elm$ ,,by ,,! ,,jungle ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,lott]y ,,ticket ,,sell] ,9 my description ( ! canal "w ! fundam5tal diff]5ces betwe5 ! respective advantages ( ! sea-level & ! lock type ( canal w cont9ually reappe>4 ,at ?is mom5t x is en\gh to say t ! ob/acles to ! sea-level plan are to be f\nd 9 ,culebra ,hill & ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,9 ! lock type ( canal ! cut at ,culebra is #die feet bel[ ! cre/ ( ,gold ,hill & #cfd feet bel[ ! cre/ ( ,contractor's ,hill opposite4 ,! top wid? ( ?is cut is ov] half a mile4 ,to c>ry ! canal to sea-level w\ld mean a fur!r cut ( eighty-five feet ) va/ly enhanc$ liability ( slides4 ,z = ! ,*agres ,riv]1 t tricky /ream crosses ! l9e ( ! old ,fr5* canal tw5ty-?ree times4 ,z ! riv] is sometimes ?ree or f\r feet deep "o day & ne>ly fifty feet deep at ! same po9t ! next--a turbid1 turbul5t1 ro>+ torr5t1 c>ry+ trees1 huts & b\ld]s along ) x--! canal c\ld obvi\sly n exi/ ) ! ,*agres 9 its pa?4 ,! ,fr5* device 0 to dam ! /ream "s miles above ! po9t at :i* ! canal fir/ cross$ x & lead x away ?r\gh an artificial *annel into ! ,pacific in/ead ( into ! ,atlantic1 :]e x n[ empties4 ,?is task ! ,am]ican eng9e]s h avoid$ by damm+ ! ,*agres at ,gatun1 & mak+ a great lake eighty-five feet above ! level ( ! sea ?r\gh :i* ! canal ext5ds & :i* cov]s & oblit]ates ! tw5ty-?ree riv] cross+s :i* emb>rass$ ! eng9e]s ( ! sea-level canal4 ,x is fair to say1 h[ev]1 t today 7#aiac71 ) ! lock canal approa*+ completion1 !re is a v l>ge & intellig5t body ( ,am]icans :o /ill hold t ! ab&onm5t ( ! sea-level plan 0 an error4 ,& x is a curi\s fact t :ile ,de ,lesseps 0 accus$ ( 8pack+0 8 congress s z to vote d[n ! report = a lock canal :i* a majority ( ! eng9e]s vot+ favor$1 ,roosevelt1 aft] a majority ( 8 8,int]national ,bo>d ( ,consult+ ,eng9e]s0 _h vot$ = a sea-level canal1 set aside _! recomm5dation & ord]$ ! lock type in/ead4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ma*9]y ,,seem+ly ,,z ,,hopeless ,,z ,,?is ,,0 ,,recov]$ ,,& ,,set ,,to ,,"w ,imm$iately aft] ! adj\rnm5t ( ! ,int]national ,congress at ,p>is ! /ock ( ! canal company1 #fj1jjj1jjj z a fir/ issue1 0 (f]$ to ! inve/+ public4 ,x 0 l>gely ov]-subscrib$4 ,! ,fr5* are at once a ?rifty & an emotional p4 ,_! ?rift gives !m in/ant comm& ( su* sums ( ready ca% z a/\nd f9anci]s ( o!r nations4 ,_! emotionalism leads !m to support any great national ent]prise t promises glory = ,la ,patrie1 has 9 x a t\* ( romance & )al seems economically safe4 ,! canal ent]prise at ! outset met all ^! conditions1 & ! comm&+ figure ( ,de ,lesseps at its head1 ! man :o _h made ,africa an isl& & :o dogmatically decl>$1 8! ,panama ,canal w be m easily begun1 f9i%$ & ma9ta9$ ?an ! ,suez ,canal10 lur$ ! francs f _! hid+ places 9 wool5 /ock+s or "u loose he>? /ones4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,p[] ,,( ,,! ,,jungle ,note h[ ! tree has gr[n ar\nd & into ?is /eel dump c> at ,san ,pablo ,illu/ration3 ,,la ,,folie ,,d+l] ,?is h\se1 built by ! ,fr5* = #aej1jjj1 0 sold = #be4jj by ! ,am]icans ,illu/ration3 ,,ne> ,,! ,,pacific ,,entrance ,,to ,,! ,,canal ,! suction dr$ge is an inh]itance f ! ,fr5* & /ill work+ ,x has be5 ! practice ( _m writ]s ^u ! canal to ridicule ! unsuccessful ef=t ( ! ,fr5* to complete x2 to expatiate ^u ! !atrical display :i* att5d$ _! e>li] op]ations1 & ! reckless extravagance :i* att5d$ ! p]iod :5 ! dire possibility ( failure fir/ appe>$ to _! vision2 to ov]look ! e>ne/ & effective "w done by ! ,fr5*m5 actually on ! ,i/hmus :ile rivet+ att5tion on ! blackmail]s & p>asites 9 ,p>is :o 7 de/roy+ ! /ructure at its v f\ndations4 ,x is significant t none ( ! real work]s on ! canal d ?is4 ,talk ) ! eng9e]s & y w f9d !m en?usia/ic ov] ! eng9e]+ "w done by ! ,fr5*4 ,^? /urdy1 al]t ,am]icans :o are n[ putt+ ! ,big ,job ?r\gh w take pa9s to give _! pr$ecessors ! fulle/ cr$it = "w done1 = dirt mov$1 = surveys made & = ma*9]y design$--a great lot ( x is 9 use on ! l9e today1 includ+ ma*9es left expos$ 9 ! jungle tw5ty ye>s4 ,hundr$s ( _! build+s are /ill 9 use4 ,if1 aft] li/5+ to ! hone/ & g5]\s praise express$ by our eng9e]s1 ! visitor w g out to ! cemet]y ( ,m\nt ,hope1 ne> ,cri/obal1 & read ! l9es on ! head/ones ( ,fr5* boys :o came out full ( hope & ambition to be cut d[n at tw5ty-two1 tw5ty-five--all boyi% ages--he w reflect t x is ill to laugh because ! =lorn hope does n c>ry ! brea/works1 b only op5s ! way = ! ma9 army4 ,& !re are _m little ,fr5* gravey>ds scatt]$ ab\t ! ,i/hmus :i* make "o :o comes ^u !m unaw>es feel t ! really vital ?+ ab\t ! ,fr5* connection ) ! canal 0 n t ! fir/ bla/ :i* x _h be5 prep>$ to celebrate ) "s pomp fail$ to explode1 or t ! "y eng9e]s did n und]/& t *ampagne mix$ b badly ) a humid & mal>ial climate1 b t ! fl[] ( a great & g5]\s nation gave _! lives 9 a /ruggle ) ho/ile nature be=e sci5ce _h equipp$ man ) ! k to make ! /ruggle equal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:]e ,,! ,,fr5* ,,did ,,_! ,,be/ ,,"w ,! greate/ am\nt ( excavations by ! ,fr5* 0 9 ,culebra ,cut ,today along a great "p ( our canal l9e ! m>ks ( ! ,fr5* atta9m5ts are app>5t4 ,f ,limon ,bay1 at ! ,atlantic end ( ! canal1 our eng9e]s = "s reason det]m9$ ^u an entirely new l9e = our canal1 in/ead ( foll[+ ! ,fr5* wat]way1 :i* 0 dug = sev5 miles to a dep? ( fifte5 feet1 & = eight miles fur!r1 sev5 feet deep4 ,?is canal has be5 us$ v l>gely by our =ce 9 c>ry+ mat]ial = ! ,gatun dam4 ,at ! ,pacific entrance !y _h dug a n>r[ *annel ?ree miles long :i* we are /ill us+4 ,we paid ! ,fr5* company #dj1jjj1jjj = all its rights on ! ,i/hmus4 ,!re are v>i\s rumors z to :o got ! money4 ,"s1 x is believ$1 nev] w5t f> f ,new ,york1 = ) all _! ?rift ! ,fr5* are no mat* = our high f9anci]s4 ,b :oev] got ! money we got a good b>ga94 ,! e/imate ( our own commission 9 #aiaa values ! physical prop]ty ?us transf]r$ at #db1gii1hbf4 ,bad luck1 bo? comic & tragic1 seem$ to att5d ! ,fr5* endeavors4 ,c\nt ,de ,lesseps1 ) a national fondness = ! dramatic1 arrang$ two c]emonies to prop]ly dignify ! actual beg9n+ ( "w ^u ! canal4 ,! fir/ 0 to be ! break+ ( gr\nd = ! ,pacific entrance1 :i* 0 to be at ! m\? ( ! ,rio ,gr&e ,riv] 9 ! ,bay ( ,panama4 ,a di/+ui%$ company ga!r$ on ! boat *>t]$ = ! occasion at ,panama1 & !re 0 mu* fea/+1 speak+ & toa/+4 ,e "o 0 s imbu$ ) en?usiasm t no "o ?\ght ( s mat]ial a ?+ z ! tide4 ,on ! ,pacific coa/ ! tide rises & falls tw5ty feet or m1 & :ile ! gue/s 7 empty+ _! glasses ! rec$+ tide 0 empty+ ! bay :i!r !y 7 b\nd4 ,:5 !y arriv$ !y f\nd t ne>ly two miles ( coral rock & mud flats sep>at$ !m f ! %ore :]e ! hi/oric sod 0 to be turn$4 ,accord+ly1 excavation 0 begun pro =ma 9 a *ampagne box fill$ ) e>? on ! deck ( ! %ip4 ,! little daught] ( ,de ,lesseps dealt ! fir/ bl[ ( ! pick1 foll[$ by repres5tatives ( ,colombia4 ,to complete ! c]emony ! ,bi%op ( ,panama gravely bless$ ! "w ?us auspici\sly begun1 & ! canal build]s /eam$ back to ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,old ,,spani% ,,*ur* ,?is edifice1 /ill /&+ at ,nata1 is said to be ! olde/ *ur* 9 ,panama ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,juncture ,,( ,,fr5* ,,& ,,am]ican ,,canals ,! ,am]ican ,canal is ! wid]1 & af=ds ! m direct r\te to ! sea ,lat]1 ! same p>ty assembl$ to witness ! fir/ bla/ at ,culebra--= ! ,fr5* made ! fir/ attack on t r$\btable =tress1 :i* aft] ! lapse ( ?irty-five ye>s is /ubbornly resi/+ our ,am]ican sapp]s & m9]s4 ,b aft] due prep>ations1 includ+ w9e1 ! fair h& ( ,mlle4 ,f]d9&e ,de ,lesseps press$ ! button--& no?+ happ5$4 ,"s fault 9 ! connections made ! electric sp>k impot5t1 & ! *ronicl]s ( ! "t d n record exactly :5 ! bla/ 0 actually fir$4 ,b 9 ! (ficial canal pap] ! c]emony 0 describ$ z 8p]fectly successful10 & ! report] add$ t picturesque detail :i* ,koko said 8imp>ts an arti/ic v]isimilitude to an o!rwise bald & un9t]e/+ /atem5t ( fact10 by say+ t ! rocks 7 8mu* less resi/ant ?an we _h expect$40 ,illu/ration3 ,,"p ,,( ,,! ,,toll ,,( ,,life ,?is cemet]y on ! we/]ly slope ( ,ancon ,hill is "o ( ! ,zone's pa!tic spots ,^! ne$less c]emonies & ! false reports :i* att5d$ !m 7 m]ely :at 9 our cynical age & nation are call$ press-ag5t 8/unts10 & 7 necessitat$ by ! ne$ = int]e/+ ! ,fr5* p 9 ! "w1 le/ !y let ! m>ket = ! %>es slump4 ,!y 7 e>ly symptoms ( ! evil t culm9at$ 9 ! revelations ( blackmail & =c$ tribute paid ! ,fr5* press :5 ! f9al collapse 0 imp5d+ & inevitable4 ,de ,lesseps inde$ 0 a ma/] 9 ! art ( 8work+ ! press10 & _h he conf9$ 8 activities to t1 )\t int]f]+ ) 8 eng9e]s1 hi/ory might h told a diff]5t /ory ( 8 canal managem5t4 ,b le/ d\bt %\ld seize ^u w\ld-be inve/ors1 he cont9ually cut d[n ! e/imates ( 8 eng9e]s1 & issu$ flamboyant proclamations ann\nc+ triumphs t _h n be5 won & prophesy+ a rate ( progress t nev] c\ld be atta9$4 ,:5 8 v capable ,te*nical ,commission1 head$ by ,col4 ,george ,m4 ,tott51 ! build] ( ! ,panama ,railroad1 e/imat$ ! total co/ ( ! canal at #afh1fjj1jjj1 he took ! report to 8 cab9 on %ipbo>d & !re arbitr>ily1 ) no possible new data1 lopp$ (f ab\t #cg1jjj1jjj4 ,ev5 at t1 he calmly capitaliz$ 8 company at #fjj1jjj1jjj francs or #abj1jjj1jjj1 ?\gh 8 own e/imate ( ! co/ ( ! canal exce$$ t am\nt by m ?an #ab1jjj1jjj4 ,"o-half ( 8 capital /ock or #fj1jjj1jjj ! ,c\nt _h res]v$ = ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b sold n a doll>'s wor?4 ,! #fj1jjj1jjj fir/ (f]$ 9 ,france 01 h[ev]1 eag]ly subscrib$4 ,( c\rse x 0 :olly insuffici5t4 ,we "k1 :at ! un=tunate ,fr5* inve/ors c\ld n1 & _! directors probably did n "k1 t ! canal c\ld nev] be built by a private company seek+ pr(it4 ,nei!r c\ld x be built by private contract1 z we discov]$ aft] "s disc\rag+ exp]i5ces ( our own4 ,! ,fr5* build]s 7 at ! m]cy ( ! /ock m>ket4 ,a hurtful rumor1 true or false1 might at any "t %ut (f _! money supplies4 ,exp]i5ce has pretty ?or\ghly demon/rat$ t ! confid5ce ( ! inve/+ public _c long be ma9ta9$ by false reports or futile promises1 b bo? ( ^! devices ! ,fr5* work$ until ! inevitable cata/rophe4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,ancon ,,hospital ,,gr\nds ,! beauty ( ! gr\nds is due to e>ly ,fr5* plann+ ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,sunk5 ,,railroad ,n9e feet bel[ ! boat is ! roadb$ ( ! old ,panama railroad ,disease on ! ,i/hmus cop]at$ ) di/ru/ 9 ,p>is to br+ ab\t failure4 ,! ,fr5* 9 #ahhj knew no?+ ( ! mod]n sci5tific sy/ems = *eck+ yell[-fev] contagion & ! spread ( mal>ia4 ,! "p mosquitoes play z c>ri]s ( disease g]ms 0 n dream$ (4 ,beyond build+ excell5t hospitals = ! sick1 "s ( :i* we /ill use1 & dos+ bo? sick & well lib]ally ) qu99e1 !y _h no plan ( campaign aga9/ 8,yell[ ,jack40 ,z a result1 dea? /alk$ grimly among !m1 & ! /ories writt5 ( 8 ravages are gha/ly4 ,on ! s\? side ( ,ancon ,hill1 :]e ! qu>ry has ga%$ ! hillside1 /ood1 until rec5tly1 a l>ge frame h\se1 built = ,jules ,d+l]1 fir/ director-g5]al ( canal "w4 ,x co/ #aej1jjj1 ?\gh p]haps wor? a ?ird ( t sum1 & 0 call$ 8,la ,folie ,d+l]40 ,b x 0 a r tragic folly = poor ,d+l]1 = be=e he _h fairly mov$ into x 8 wife1 son & daught] di$ ( yell[ fev] & he return$ to ,p>is to die too ( a brok5 he>t4 ,8 h\se1 9 :i* he anticipat$ su* happ9ess1 became a smallpox hospital1 & 0 f9ally sold = #be ) ! /ipulation t ! pur*as] remove x4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,zone ,,work+ ,,village ,! l[ h\ses 7 built by ! ,fr5*3 all scre5+ add$ by ,am]icans ,a d9n] 0 giv5 ,m4 ,h5ri ,bo9ne1 secret>y-g5]al ( ! company4 ,"s "o rem>k$ t !re 7 ?irte5 at ! table1 :]eupon ! gue/ ( honor rem>k$ gaily t z he 0 ! la/ to come he w\ld h to pay = all4 ,9 two weeks he 0 dead--yell[ fev]4 ,o!rs at ! d9n] foll[$ him4 ,( ! memb]s ( "o survey+ p>ty on ! upp] wat]s ( ! ,*agres--a region ,i myself visit$ )\t a sugge/ion ( ill effects--e "o1 tw5ty-two 9 all1 7 pro/rat$ by disease & t5 di$4 ,bunau-,v>illa1 ^: "n is closely l9k$ ) ! canal1 says3 8,out ( e "o hundr$ individuals arriv+ on ! ,i/hmus1 ,i c say )\t exagg]ation t only tw5ty h be5 able to rema9 at _! po/s at ! work+ /ations1 & ev5 9 t numb] _m :o 7 able to pres5t an appe>ance ( heal? _h lo/ mu* ( _! c\rage40 ,col4 ,gorgas tells ( a p>ty ( eighte5 "y ,fr5*m5 :o came to ! ,i/hmus1 all b "o ( :om di$ )9 a mon?4 ,! ,"m ,sup]ior ( ! nurs+ si/]s 9 ! ,fr5* hospital at ,ancon lo/ by fev] tw5ty-"o out ( tw5ty-f\r si/]s :o _h accompani$ h] to ! ,i/hmus4 ,h[ great 0 ! total loss ( ,fr5* lives c only be guess$4 ,! hospital records %[ t at ,ancon1 #ajda pati5ts di$ ( yell[ fev]4 ,col4 ,gorgas figures t z _m di$ outside ! hospital4 ,all ! ,fr5* records are m or less incomplete & _! au!nticity d\btful because appreh5sion = ! t5d] hopes & fe>s ( ! %>ehold]s l$ to ! suppression ( unpleasant facts4 ,! cu/om>y guess is t two out ( e ?ree ,fr5*m5 :o w5t to ! ,i/hmus di$ !re4 ,col4 ,gorgas1 :o at "o "t figures ! total loss dur+ ! ,fr5* rgime at #af1ejj1 rec5tly rais$ 8 e/imate to #bb1jjj1 ^! figures ( c\rse includ+ negro workm54 ,little or no ef=t 0 made to induce sanit>y liv+1 z "u ! ,am]icans1 & s ignorant 7 ! ,fr5*--z inde$ all physicians 7 at t "t--( ! causes ( ! spread ( yell[ fev]1 t !y set ! legs ( ! hospital b$s 9 %all[ pans ( wat] to keep ! ants f creep+ to ! b$s4 ,! ants 7 /opp$1 b ! wat] br$ ho/s ( wriggl]s f :i* came ! deadly /egomyia mosquito1 :i* c>ries ! yell[-fev] poison f ! pati5t to ! well p]son4 ,_h ! hospital be5 design$ to spread in/ead ( to cure disease its manag]s c\ld n h plann$ bett]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,negro ,,qu>t]s1 ,,fr5* ,,t[n ,,( ,,empire ,pav+ & sanit>y arrangem5ts due to ,am]ican rgime ,x is a curi\s fact t1 9 a situation 9 :i* ! toll ( dea? is heavie/1 man is apt to be mo/ reckless & riot\s 9 8 pleasures4 ,! old dr9k+ song ( ! ,engli% gu>dsm5 beleagu]$ dur+ ! ,indian mut9y voices ! almo/ univ]sal desire ( /rong m5 to flaunt a gay defiance 9 ! face ( dea?3 8,/&6 ,/& to y\r glasses /eady1 ',tis all we h left to prize1 ,"o cup to ! dead already1 ,hurrah1 = ! next t dies04 ,w9e1 wassail &1 ,i fe>1 wom5 7 mu* 9 evid5ce dur+ ! hectic p]iod ( ! ,fr5* activities4 ,! p ( ! two ,i/hmian t[ns /ill speak ( x z ! temps de luxe4 ,dismal ?rift 0 bani%$ & extravagance 0 ! rule4 ,sal>ies 7 prodigi\s4 ,"s high (ficials 7 paid f #ej1jjj to #ajj1jjj a ye> ) h\ses1 c>riages1 travel+ exp5ses & unc\nt$ incid5tals4 ,exp5ditures = resid5ces 7 lavi%1 & ! nature ( ! /ructures /ill /&+ %[s t graft 0 ! *ief factor 9 ! co/4 ,! director-g5]al _h a #dj1jjj ba?-h\se1 & a private railway c> co/+ #db1jjj--:i* is curi\sly en\gh almo/ exactly #ajjj = ea* mile ( ! railroad x trav]s$4 ,! hospital build+s at ,colon co/ #a1djj1jjj & "o has b to look at !m today to wond] h[ ev5 ! #djj1jjj 0 sp5t4 ,! big graft t f9ally 0 "o ( ! prime factors 9 wreck+ ! company 0 9 ,p>is1 b en\gh w5t on 9 ,colon & ,panama to make ^? two t[ns z full ( easy money z a m9+ camp aft] a big /rike4 ,! pleasures ( su* a society are n ref9$4 ,gambl+ & dr9k+ 7 ! less s]i\s vices4 ,a ,fr5* comm5tator ( ! "t rem>ks1 8,mo/ ( ! comm]cial bus9ess ( ,panama is transact$ /&+ & imbib+ cocktails--always ! et]nal cocktail6 ,aft]w>d1 if ! consum] _h ! "t & money to lose1 he _h only to cross ! hall to f9d himself 9 a little room1 cr[d$ ) p :]e r\lette 0 go+ on4 ,oh ?is r\lette1 h[ mu* x has co/ all grades ( canal employees6 ,its proprietor mu/ make va/ pr(its4 ,admission is absolutely free2 :oev] wi%es may jo9 9 ! play4 ,a democratic mob pu%es & cr[ds ar\nd ! table4 ,"o is elb[$ at ! same "t by a negro1 almo/ 9 rags1 anxi\sly ?ru/+ =w>d 8 t5 s\s1 & by a portly m]*ant ) 8 pockets /uff$ ) pia/]s & bank notes04 ,^! t[ns1 :i* b\ght & consum$ ,fr5* *ampagnes & o!r w9es by ! %ipload1 c\ld n af=d to build a wat] sy/em4 ,wat] 0 p$dl$ 9 ! /reets by m5 c>ry+ great j>s1 or conduct+ c>ts ) tanks4 ,!re 7 millions = r\lette1 pok] & ! lott]y1 b no?+ = sew]s or pavem5ts & dur+ ! wet season ! p1 natives & ,fr5* bo?1 wad$ ankle deep 9 fil? :i* w\ld h driv5 a blood$ ,b]k%ire hog f 8 /y4 ,:5 f ^! man-creat$ conditions ( dr9k & dirt1 disease 0 br$ & m5 di$ l ! v]m9 among :i* !y liv$1 !y blam$ ! climate1 or ! ,*agres ,riv]4 ,amid/ x all ! "w w5t on4 ,s mu* /ress has be5 laid ^u ! riot 9 ! t[ns t "o =gets ! pati5t digg+ out on ! hills & 9 ! jungle4 ,9 #aiab ! ,secret>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,canal ,commission e/imat$ ! am\nt ( excavation done by ! ,fr5*1 useful to our canal1 at #bi1gji1jjj cubic y>ds wor? #be1chi1jjj4 ,t by no means repres5t$ all _! "w1 = our %ift 9 ! l9e ( ! canal made mu* ( _! excavation valueless4 ,betwe5 ,gold ,hill & ,contractor's ,hill 9 ! ,culebra ,cut1 :]e our /ruggle ) ! ob/9ate resi/ance ( nature has be5 fi]ce/1 ! ,fr5* cut d[n #afa feet1 all ( x s]viceable to u4 ,_! surveys & plats are invaluable1 & _! ma*9]y1 :i* t\ri/s see+ "s pieces ab&on$ to ! jungle condemn 9 ! lump1 has be5 ( sub/antial value to u bo? = use & = sale4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fil? ,,t ,,w\ld ,,drive ,a ,,b]k%ire ,,f ,,8 ,,/y ,a typical sc5e 9 ! negro qu>t]s ( ,colon dur+ ! p]iod ( ,fr5* activity 9 ,panama ,b "u ! conditions z !y f\nd !m1 ! ,fr5* c\ld nev] h complet$ ! canal4 ,only a gov]nm5t c\ld be equal to t task4 ,presid5t ,roosevelt f\nd to 8 own satisfaction at lea/ t nei!r private contract nor civilian managem5t 0 adequate4 ,mo/ emphatically1 if ! desire = pr(it 0 to be ! sole animat+ =ce ! canal c\ld nev] be built at all4 ,:5 ! discov]y t ! canal ent]prise w\ld nev] be a 8big bonanza0 dawn$ on ! ,fr5* /ockhold]s di/ru/ 0 rapidly succe$$ by panic4 ,va9ly did ,de ,lesseps repeat 8 favorite =mula1 8,! canal w be built40 ,va9ly did ! (fic]s ( ! company pay tribute to ! blackmail]s t sprung up on e side--j\rnali/s1 politicians1 dis*>g$ employees1 e man :o knew a weak po9t 9 ! company's armor4 ,reorganizations1 new /ock issues1 *anges ( plan1 appeals = gov]nm5t aid1 bond issues1 foll[$ "o aft] ano!r4 ,! sea-level canal 0 ab&on$ & a lock canal sub/itut$4 ,aft] repeat$ petitions ! ,fr5* ,*amb] ( ,deputies1 salv$ ) "s ( ! spoil1 au?oriz$ an issue ( lott]y bonds & bankruptcy 0 tempor>ily av]t$4 ,a new company 0 =m$ b ! "w langui%$1 j en\gh 9 fact be+ done to keep ! concession alive4 ,aft] ef=ts to enli/ ! cop]ation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! company 9 despair (f]$ to sell out altoge!r to t gov]nm5t1 & aft] t pr(f] ! c5t] ( int]e/ 0 transf]r$ f ,p>is to ,wa%+ton4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood & ,und]wood ,,canal ,,valley ,,ne> ,,p$ro ,,miguel ,?r\gh ! l9e ( hills 9 ! backgr\nd ext5ds ! deepe/ "p ( ! ,culebra ,cut ,! ,fr5* _h sp5t 9 all ab\t #bfj1jjj1jjj & sacrific$ ab\t #bjjj ,fr5* lives be=e !y drew ! fires f _! dr$ges1 left _! /eam %ovels 9 ! jungle & turn$ ! task ov] to ! great ,am]ican ,republic4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,beg9s ,,"w ,! probable failure ( ! ,fr5* became app>5t "s ye>s be=e ! actual collapse occurr$ & public op9ion 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 q ready = ! assumption ( ! "w & its exp5se by our gov]nm5t4 ,( c\rse t op9ion 0 n :olly spontane\s--public op9ion r>ely is1 not)/&+ ! ideali/s4 ,!re 7 _m p>ties 9 int]e/ :o f\nd x pr(itable to enli/ v>i\s ag5cies = awak5+ public op9ion 9 ?is c\ntry to ! po9t ( buy+ ! ,fr5* prop]ty & sav+ some?+ out ( ! wreck = ! ,fr5* /ockhold]s4 ,b1 z a matt] ( fact1 little artificial agitation 0 ne$ful4 ,! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates readily agre$ t a trans-i/hmian canal %\ld be built & own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t4 ,!re 0 hone/ diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! mo/ practicable r\te & ev5 today 9 ! face ( ! victory ov] nature at ,panama !re are _m :o hold t ! ,nic>agua r\te w\ld h be5 bett]4 ,naturally ! />t made by ! ,fr5* _h some?+ to d ) turn+ ! decision 9 favor ( ! ,i/hmus1 b x 0 n decisive4 ,! ,fr5* _h no rights t !y c\ld sell except ! "r ( veto conf]r$ by _! own]%ip ( ! ,panama ,railroad4 ,_! fran*ise f ,colombia expressly prohibit$ its transf] to any o!r gov]nm5t1 s x 0 unsalable4 ,b ! *>t] ( ! ,panama ,railroad1 :i* ! ,fr5* _h acquir$1 provid$ t no int]oceanic canal %\ld be built 9 ,colombia )\t ! cons5t ( ! railroad corporation4 ,?is to "s ext5t gave ! ,fr5* ! :iph&4 ,:at !y _h to sell 0 ! controll+ /ock ( ! railroad company1 ! l& !y _h acquir$ 9 ,colombia1 ! ma*9]y on ! spot & ! "w !y _h complet$4 ,b all ( ?is 0 ( little value )\t a fran*ise f ,colombia & ! "o ! ,fr5* held c\ld n be transf]r$ to a gov]nm5t1 & 0 ( little wor? anyway z x w\ld expire 9 #aiaj1 unless ! canal 7 complet$ by t ye>--a physical impossibility4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,panama ,,soldi]s ,,go+ ,,to ,,*ur* ,9 #ahih ! race ( ! battle%ip 8,oregon0 ar\nd ,cape ,horn to jo9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates fleet (f ,cuba 9 ! ,spani%-,am]ican w> (f]$ j ! graphic & specific argum5t necess>y to fix ! det]m9ation ( ! ,am]ican p to dig t canal & to own x4 ,t voyage ( #aj1jjj miles :i* might h be5 avoid$ by a dit* fifty miles long revolt$ ! common s5se ( ! nation1 & ! dem& = in/ant action on ! canal "q 0 univ]sal4 ,accord+ly 9 #ahii ,presid5t ,mc,kinley appo9t$ :at 0 kn[n z ! ,walk] ,commission1 because head$ by ,admiral ,john ,g4 ,walk]1 to inve/igate all ,c5tral ,am]ican r\tes4 ,!y _h ! data collect$ dur+ almo/ a c5tury at _! disposal & v spe$ily settl$ d[n to ! alt]native betwe5 ! ,panama & ! ,nic>agua r\tes4 ,ov] ?is *oice controv]sy rag$ long & noisily4 ,:ile x 0 9 progress ! bullet ( an assass9 end$ ! life ( ,presid5t ,mc,kinley & ,!odore ,roosevelt succe$$ him4 ,! ,i/hmian ,canal 0 precisely ! great1 epo*-m>k+ spectacul> ent]prise to enli/ ! utmo/ en?usiasm & en]gy ( ?is peculi>ly dynamic ,presid5t4 ,a man ( /rong convictions he favor$ ! ,panama r\te--& got x4 ,he believ$ 9 a lock canal--& en=c$ 8 beliefs ov] ! report ( ! eng9e]s ^: exp]t pr(essional op9ions he invit$4 ,( a militant temp]am5t he ?\ght ! canal %\ld be dug by ! army--& t is ! way x 0 built4 ,n ov] tol]ant ( o!r p's rights he ?\ght ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld h a free h& ov] ! canal & adjac5t t]ritory--& :5 ,colombia1 :i* happ5$ to own t t]ritory1 0 sl[ 9 accept+ ?is view he set up out ( no?+ ov] night ! new ,republic ( ,panama1 recogniz$ x z a sov]eign /ate two days aft]w>ds1 conclud$ a treaty ) x1 giv+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates all he ?\ght x %\ld h1 & ye>s lat]1 9 a mom5t ( frankness decl>$ 8,i took ,panama1 & left ,congress to debate x lat]40 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,(ficial ,,umpire1 ,,cocle ,ab\t ! political morality & ! p]sonal e?ics ( ! ,roosevelt solution ( ! diplomatic problem !re w ev] be v>y+ op9ions4 ,colombia is /ill m\rn+ = h] ravi%$ prov9ce ( ,panama & refuses to be com=t$ ev5 at a price ( #aj1jjj1jjj :i* has be5 t5tatively (f]$ z salve = ! w\nd4 ,b t ! canal 9 #aiac is j ab\t t5 ye>s ne>] completion ?an x w\ld be _h n ,roosevelt be5 ,presid5t 9 #aijc is a proposition g5]ally accept$4 ,hi/ory--:i* is n always moral--is apt to applaud results reg>dless ( me?ods1 & ! ,republic & ,canal ( ,panama are likely to be ,roosevelt's mo/ endur+ monum5ts--?\gh ! canal may outla/ ! ,republic4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,man ,,& ,,! ,,ma*9e ,presid5t ,roosevelt & ! mon/] /eam %ovel figure l>gely 9 ! /ory ( ,panama ,prior to ?is "t !re _h be5 sev]al sporadic negotiations op5$ ) diff]5t nations ( ,c5tral ,am]ica = canal rights4 ,! mo/ important "o 0 a treaty sign$ at ,bogot 9 #ahgj by an envoy especially au?oriz$ by ,presid5t ,grant4 ,b ?is treaty 0 nev] ratifi$ by our ,s5ate1 & 0 am5d$ out ( acceptable =m by ! ,colombian ,s5ate4 ,= ! purposes ( ?is n>rative we may well consid] ! diplomatic hi/ory ( ! canal to beg9 ) ! passage ( ! ,spoon] act 9 #aijb4 ,?is act1 writt5 by ,s5ator ,john ,c4 ,spoon] ( ,wiscons91 au?oriz$ ! ,panama r\te if ! ,fr5* prop]ty c\ld be b\ght = #dj1jjj1jjj & ! necess>y "r ( way secur$ f ,colombia4 ,fail+ ?is ! ,commission ( sev5 memb]s creat$ by ! act 0 au?oriz$ to op5 negotiations ) ,nic>agua4 ,ev5ts made x q app>5t t ! ,nic>agua clause 0 ins]t$ m]ely z a club to be us$ 9 ! negotiations ) ,colombia & ! ,fr5* company4 ,) ! latt] x prov$ highly effective1 = al?\gh ! ,am]ican attorney = ! company1 ,mr4 ,william ,nelson ,cromwell1 fix$ a price at fir/ ^u ! prop]ty ( #aja1ada1ejj an app>5tly active op5+ ( negotiations ) ,nic>agua caus$ an imm$iate drop to ! prescrib$ #dj1jjj1jjj4 ,) t (f] 9 h& ! ,commission unanim\sly report$ to ! ,presid5t 9 favor ( ! ,panama r\te4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,l&+ ,,pigs ,,= ,,m>ket ,! ,republic ( ,colombia 0 less tractable1 & naturally s z x held a /rong] h&4 ,:5 negotiations began ! ,fr5* concession _h b sev5 ye>s m ( life4 ,if _! progress c\ld be prolong$ = t p]iod practically all t ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld h paid ! ,fr5* w\ld be paid to ,colombia4 ,mean:ile ! ,fr5* prop]ty 0 :olly unsalable )\t a ,colombian fran*ise4 ,! "o weak po9t 9 ! ,colombian armor 0 ! possibility t ! ,unit$ ,/ates might f9ally turn to ,nic>agua1 b ?is cont+5cy 0 made unlikely by ! report ( ! ,commission1 & by ! g5]al desire ( ! ,am]ican p :i* 0 und\bt$ly = ! ,panama r\te4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,trail ,,ne> ,,culebra ,9 #aijc ! ,colombian ,m9i/] at ,wa%+ton negotiat$ ) ,s5ator ,hay a treaty :i* by a lucky *ance fail$ ( ratification 9 ! ,panama ,s5ate4 ,x nev] rea*$ our ,s5ate1 b x is q incr$ible t x c\ld h succe$$ !re1 = x _h sev]al features t w\ld h l$ to endless disagreem5t betwe5 ! two c\ntries--might inde$ h result$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates annex+ ,colombia altoge!r4 ,= example ! ,canal ,zone 0 to be gov]n$ by a jo9t commission ( ! two c\ntries--,colombia rema9+ sov]eign ov] ! t]ritory4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 to explicitly gu>antee ! sov]eignty ( ,colombia aga9/ all ! _w4 ,colombia 0 to police ! ,zone4 ,ea* ( ^! sections 0 big ) possibilities ( tr\ble4 ,t ,colombia did n spe$ily ratify ?is treaty w\ld be inexplicable1 = x 0 all to ! ,colombian good1 except = ! fact t by delay+ any action = sev5 ye>s ! ,fr5* prop]ty along ! l9e ( ! canal1 valu$ at #dj1jjj1jjj1 w\ld drop into ! ,colombian treasury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,banana ,,c\ntry1 ,,on ,,! ,,coa/ ,,ne> ,,bocas ,,del ,,toro ,delay1 h[ev]1 :ile good en\gh = ! ,colombians1 did n suit ! ,panamanians1 nor did x please ,!odore ,roosevelt1 :om ,provid5ce1 :ile ri*ly end[+ him o!rwise1 _h n inve/$ ) pati5ce 9 ! face ( opposition4 ,! ,panamanians1 by :om = ! purposes ( ?is n>rative ,i mean *iefly ! resid5ts ( ,colon & ! city ( ,panama1 want$ to see "s ,am]ican money sp5t 9 _! v>i\s m>ts ( trade4 ,! ,fr5* 7 rapidly disappe>+4 ,! bus9ess ( all _! comm]cial in/itutions f dry goods /ores d[n to saloons 0 fall+ (f4 ,ev5 ! lott]y did n ?rive z ( yore & ! proprietors ( ! less] games ( *ance1 t 9 ^? days 7 run q op5ly1 7 r$uc$ to ! prec>i\s bus9ess ( robb+ ea* o!r4 ,all ^! & o!r ve/$ int]e/s call$ = imm$iate negotiation ( any sort ( a treaty :i* w\ld op5 ! spigots ( ,uncle ,sam's kegs ( ca% ov] ! two ?ir/y ,i/hmian t[ns4 ,x 0 irksome too to ?9k t ! p>5t /ate ( ,colombia w\ld make ! treaty & h&le ! ca% accru+ "u x4 ,! ,yankees 7 ready to pay #aj1jjj1jjj d[n1 & x 0 believ$ a fur!r r5tal ( #bej1jjj = ! "r to build a canal e foot ( :i* w\ld be on ! t]ritory ( ! ,prov9ce ( ,panama4 ,if ,panama 0 a sov]eign /ate in/ead ( m]ely a prov9ce1 all ?is money w\ld be us$ = ! b5efit ( b #djj1jjj p1 includ+ ,indians & negroes1 :o ( c\rse c\ld n be expect$ to h mu* to say ab\t its use4 ,if employ$ 9 public works1 x w\ld only h to spread ov] ab\t #cb1jjj squ>e miles1 or a t]ritory a little small] ?an ,indiana4 ,b ( c\rse x w\ld *iefly g to ! two cities4 ,on ! o!r h& if ,colombia made ?is treaty ! capital city ,bogot w\ld get ! lion's %>e ( ! spoil1 & = t matt] all ! prov9ces w\ld %>e 9 ! division ) ,panama1 :i* _h ! goods = sale4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,be/ ,,resid5ce ,,section1 ,,colon ,:at m natural ?an t ! ,panamanians %\ld turn _! ?\ghts t[>d secession f ,colombia8 ,x 0 no novel *annel = _! m$itations1 =1 z has be5 po9t$ out already1 !re _h be5 #ec revolutions 9 ,colombia 9 #eg ye>s4 ,r$ revolution _h become a commonplace except = ! poor fell[s :o got !mselves kill$ 9 !m1 or ! wid[s & *ildr5 ?r[n on ! *>ity ( a r un*>itable p4 ,always hi!rto ! result ( ! revolutions _h be5 ! same--,panama _h ei!r be5 :ipp$ into subjection1 or _h volunt>ily return$ to ! dom9ation ( ,colombia4 ,b t 0 be=e !re 0 a #aj1jjj1jjj prize at /ake4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,old ,,fire ,,ci/]n1 ,,panama ,9 sev]al ( ^! revolutions ! ,unit$ ,/ates _h int]f]$1 always 9 behalf ( ,colombia & always ) fatal effect ^u ! hopes ( ! revolutioni/s4 ,= ! key to ! milit>y situation 9 ,panama 0 ! railroad4 ,9 e well ord]$ revolution--= ! bus9ess ( revolt+ _h become a sci5ce--! conspirators began by corrupt+ ! f$]al soldi]s at ,panama ,city :]e alone any g>rison 0 ma9ta9$4 ,?is done !y proclaim$ ,panama a free & indep5d5t /ate4 ,z !re 0 no l& communication betwe5 ,bogot & ! ,i/hmus ! f$]al gov]nm5t 0 compell$ to s5d its troops to ,colon & !nce across ! ,i/hmus to ,panama by railroad4 ,if ! revolutioni/s c\ld de/roy or ob/ruct ! railroad _! *ances = success w\ld be greatly enhanc$4 ,b "u a treaty ) ,colombia 9 #ahdf ! ,unit$ ,/ates gu>ante$ ! neutrality ( ! railroad & ?is gu>antee 0 s5sibly con/ruct$ to include ! task ( keep+ ! l9e op5 = traffic4 ,9 sev]al revolutions1 !re=e1 ,unit$ ,/ates m>9es 7 detail$ to gu>d ! l9e1 & ,colombia be+ ?us enabl$ to p\r its sup]ior =ces into ,panama cru%$ out rebellion ) comp>ative ease4 ,if ! exp]i5ce ( ! #ec revolutions c\nt$ = any?+1 x indicat$ t ,panama c\ld n ?r[ (f ! ,colombian yoke z long z ! ,unit$ ,/ates kept ! railroad op5 = ,colombian troops4 ,let u consid] ! situation t[>d ! midsumm] ( #aijc4 ,9 ,wa%+ton 0 ! ,roosevelt adm9i/ration ke5ly eag] to h ! canal "w begun z a great de$ to display to ! nation 9 ! com+ presid5tial campaign4 ,9 ,new ,york 0 ,mr4 ,william ,nelson ,cromwell1 repres5t+ ! ,fr5* company & q z ke5 = action :i* w\ld enable him to sell ! ,unit$ ,/ates #dj1jjj1jjj wor? ( ,fr5* ma*9]y & uncomplet$ canal4 ,at ,bogot 0 ! ,colombian legislature talk+ ! ,hay-,h]r>a treaty to dea? & giv+ e indication ( a purpose ( kill+ x4 ,spann+ ! ,i/hmus 0 ! all important railroad :i* 0 "p ( ! prop]ty ! ,fr5* s greatly desir$ to sell4 ,& at ,panama & ,colon 7 gr\ps ( influ5tial m51 high f9anci]s 9 a small way--a lead] among !m 0 ! own] ( ! ,panama lott]y--exce$+ly anxi\s to h ! h&l+ ( t #aj1jjj1jjj :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld pay = a fran*ise1 & q desir\s to h ! c\ntry tribut>y to ^? two t[ns sudd5ly populat$ by #dj1jjj to #ej1jjj canal workm51 all draw+ money f ! ,unit$ ,/ates & sp5d+ x !re4 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,ancon ,,hill ,,f ,,h>bor ,,( ,,panama ,! t[n ne/les "u ! nor!a/ side ( ! hill :i* is precipit\s & cuts ( ! sun's rays e>ly 9 ! aft]noon4 ,f ! cre/ ! mo/ beautiful view 9 ,panama may be enjoy$4 ,:at happ5$ 0 inevitable4 ,"u ! conditions exi/+ only two ?+s c\ld h prev5t$ ! successful revolution :i* did occur--! quick ratification ( a satisfactory treaty betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,colombia1 or an obs]vance by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ! _s z well z ! lett] ( neutrality 9 ! inevitable revolution4 ,nei!r ( ^! ?+s happ5$4 ,! ,congress at ,bogot fail$ to ratify ! treaty4 ,9 ,panama & ,colon ! revolution>y ,junta conspir$1 & s5t emiss>ies to ,wa%+ton to s\nd ! gov]nm5t !re on its attitude 9 case ( a revolution4 ,to _! aid came ,mr4 ,cromwell & ,m4 ,bunau-,v>illa1 a highly di/+ui%$ ,fr5* eng9e] also int]e/$ 9 ! plight ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,dr4 ,amador 0 *os5 to s\nd ! !n ,secret>y ( ,/ate ,john ,hay4 ,he 0 told1 accord+ to tru/wor?y reports1 t :ile ! ,unit$ ,/ates gu>ante$ ,colombia aga9/ =eign aggression x did n b9d itself to protect ! sov]eignty ( t /ate aga9/ dome/ic revolution4 ,9 ! ev5t ( su* an upris+ all x 0 b\nd to d 0 to see t traffic ov] ! railroad 0 unimp$$4 ,?is s\nd$ & /ill s\nds fair en\gh1 b !re 7 m9ds among ! revolutioni/s to see t ?is policy op5$ ! way = a successful revolution at la/4 ,= ?is is ! way 9 :i* ! policy work$ :5 put to ! te/--& inde$ "s ( ! incid5ts indicate t ! ,roosevelt adm9i/ration w5t some:at beyond ! lett] ( ! rule ,secret>y ,hay _h laid d[n4 ,our gov]nm5t knew be=e ! revolution>y bl[ 0 /ruck t x 0 imm95t4 ,x is said inde$ t :5 ! revolutioni/s sugge/$ ,septemb] #bbnd z ! date = ! spontane\s upris+ ( ! p ! ,secret>y sagaci\sly sugge/$ t ! ,congress ( ,colombia w\ld n !n h adj\rn$ & t x might seem irregul> to base a revolution on ! omission ( ! legislature to act :5 x 0 /ill 9 session & c\ld correct t omission4 ,= ?is1 or "s o!r reason1 ! revolution 0 po/pon$ until ,novemb] #e?4 ,! ,colombian m9i/] at ,wa%+ton kept 8 gov]nm5t advis$ ( ! suspici\s activity !re ( ! ag5ts ( ! ,junta & w>mly advis$ ! heavy ren=cem5t ( ! g>rison at ,panama4 ,b 8 home gov]nm5t 0 sl[ to foll[ 8 advice4 ,:5 x did move x 0 *eck$ by ! ,fr5* manag]s ( ! railroad4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,two ,,presid5ts2 ,,roosevelt ,,& ,,amador ,colombia's only consid]able seaport on ! ,pacific is ,bu5av5tura & at ?is po9t troops 7 collect$ to ren=ce ,panama4 ,two ,colombian gunboats 9 h>bor at ,panama 7 ord]$ to g aft] ! troops4 ,coal 0 ne$$ = ! voyage4 ,! only s\rce ( coal supplies on ! ,i/hmus 0 ! ,panama ,railroad :i* _h long made a practice ( sell+ ! fuel to all com]s4 ,b to ! reque/ ( ! ,colombian navy = coal at ?is "t ! railroad ag5t1 evid5tly prim$ = ! occasion1 put 9 a reluctant negative4 ,all 8 coal 0 at ,colon1 & ! pressure ( comm]cial bus9ess 0 s great t he c\ld n move x across ! ,i/hmus 9 season to be ( use to ! gunboats4 ,s ^? troops /ay$ at ,bu5av5tura & ! ,junta at ,panama w5t on ) its plott+4 ,n[ ,colombia tri$ ano!r plan to ren=ce its ,panama g>rison--or to replace x1 = by ?is "t ! troops t _h be5 !re 7 won ov] to ! smold]+ conspiracy4 ,ab\t f\r hundr$ soldi]s 7 s5t d[n by ! ,gulf & l&$ at ,colon4 ,t !y 7 l&$ at all seems l a slight error 9 c>ry+ out ! ,roosevelt policy1 = 9 ! h>bor ( ,colon lay ! ,unit$ ,/ates cruis] 8,na%ville0 & gunboat 8,dixie0 ^: comm&]s _h ?is despat* f ! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy3 8,ma9ta9 free & un9t]rupt$ transit4 ,if int]ruption is ?reat5$ by arm$ =ce occupy l9e ( railroad4 ,prev5t l&+ ( any arm$ =ce ) ho/ile int5t ei!r gov]nm5t or insurg5t1 ei!r at ,colon1 ,porto ,bello or o!r po9ts40 ,n[ !re are "s curi\s features ab\t ?is despat*4 ,on ,novemb] #bnd1 its date1 !re 0 no insurrection1 !re=e no insurg5ts4 ,if ! adm9i/ration int5d$ to take (ficial cognizance ( ! activities ( ! ,junta x mu/ h kn[n t ! conspirators _h no %ips & c\ld n !re=e plan l&+ any =ces4 ,! ord] !n 0 pla9ly design$ to prev5t ,colombia f l&+ troops 9 its own t]ritory--a mo/ extraord9>y policy to adopt t[>d a fri5dly nation4 ,x 0 fur!rmore an ord] equival5t to assur+ ! success ( ! =e%ad[$ revolution1 = z !re 0 no way except by sea = ,colombia to s5d troops to put d[n ! insurg5ts1 x 0 evid5t t = ! ,unit$ ,/ates by its sup]ior =ce to close ! sea aga9/ h] 0 to give ,panama ov] to ! revolutioni/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*olo ,,*ief ,,& ,,8 ,,?ird ,,wife ,! ,*ief is said to h poison$ h] two pr$ecessors ,h[ev] #djj troops 7 l&$ on ! #crd ( ,novemb]4 ,! comm&] ( ! 8,na%ville0 probably ?\ght 8 ord]s only op]ative 9 case ( an outbreak ( insurrection & ?us f> !re _h be5 none4 ,x became "t = ! railroad company to decl>e its second *eck--:i* 9 ?is case 0 *eckmate4 ,:5 ! two g5]als 9 comm& ( ! ,colombian =ces ord]$ special tra9s to transport _! m5 to ,panama ! ag5t bl&ly ask$ = prepaym5t ( ! f>es--some?+ above #bjjj4 ,! g5]als 7 emb>rass$4 ,!y _h no funds4 ,x 0 ( c\rse ! bus9ess ( ! road1 "u its *>t] f ,colombia1 to transport ! troops on dem&1 & x 0 ! "p ( ! g5]als to use _! troops to compel x to d s4 ,tak+ ! matt] "u advisem5t !y w5t alone across to ,panama to inve/igate ! situation4 ,!re !y 7 met by ,g54 ,hu]tas1 9 comm& ( ! g>rison :o fir/ gave !m a good d9n] & !n put !m "u arre/ in=m+ !m t ,panama _h revolt$1 0 n[ an indep5d5t republic1 & t he 0 "p ( ! new rgime4 ,!re 0 no m to x 9 ,panama4 ,! two g5]als submitt$ gracefully4 ,! ,junta arre/$ all ! ,colombian (ficials 9 ,panama1 :o !reupon readily took oa? ( fealty to ! new gov]nm5t4 ,a /reet mob1 ma9ly boys1 p>ad$ *e]+ = ,panama ,libre4 ,! ,panama flag sprang into be+1 & ! revolution 0 complete4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,pr(4 ,lutz ,,native ,,h\se ,,& ,,gr\p ,,at ,,pu]ta ,,p9as ,illu/ration3 ,,:at ,,!y ,,call ,a ,,/reet ,,9 ,,tobaga ,out 9 ! h>bor lay ?ree ,colombian gunboats4 ,two swiftly display$ ,panama flags :i* by s+ul> good =tune 7 9 _! lock]s4 ,! ?ird ) a f9e %[ ( loyalty fir$ two %ells ov] ! insurg5t city1 "o ( :i*1 bur/+1 slew an innoc5t ,*9aman smok+ opium 9 8 bunk4 ,! city respond$ ) an ineffective %ot or two f ! seawall & ! sole def5d] ( ! sov]eignty ( ,colombia pull$ d[n its flag4 ,at ! o!r end ( ! l9e ! situation 0 m s]i\s & might well h caus$ blood%$4 ,col4 ,torres1 9 *>ge ( ! troops !re1 on he>+ ! news f ,panama dem&$ a tra9 at once1 ?reat5+ t unless x 0 furni%$ he w\ld attack ! ,am]icans 9 ! t[n4 ,he _h m ?an #djj arm$ m51 :ile on ! 8,na%ville0 7 b #aib m>9es4 ,9 su* a conte/ ! ,colombians c\ld h reli$ ^u mu* assi/ance f ! natives4 ,) a gu>d ( #db m>9es employees ( ! railroad prep>$ its /one freight h\se = def5se :ile ,am]ican wom5 & *ildr5 7 s5t to vessels 9 ! h>bor4 ,! ,colombian colonel _h fix$ two o'clock z ! h\r = beg9n+ ho/ilities b :5 t "t arriv$ he invit$ a conf]5ce1 & x 0 f9ally agre$ t bo? p>ties %\ld retire f ,colon1 :ile he w5t to ,panama to consult ) ! jail$ g5]als4 ,dur+ 8 abs5ce ! 8,dixie0 arriv$ ) #djj m>9es1 & a little lat] ! 8,atlanta0 ) #ajjj4 ,) ?is ov]:elm+ =ce aga9/ him ,col4 ,torres recogniz$ t ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 back ( ! railroad's refusal ( transportation & s yield$4 ,) 8 troops he sail$ aga9 = ,c>tag5a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9doo ,,m]*ants ,,on ,,! ,,zone ,two days aft] ! revolution--bloodless save = ! sleep+ ,*9aman--! ,unit$ ,/ates recogniz$ ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,twelve days lat]1 ) ,m4 ,bunau-,v>illa :o _h by cable be5 appo9t$ m9i/] to ,wa%+ton1 a treaty 0 conclud$ by :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 grant$ all x desir$ = ! fur!rance ( ! canal project4 ,mu* ( ! subsequ5t "t ( ,presid5t ,roosevelt 0 tak5 up 9 argu+ t he _h n gone beyond ! prop] b\nds ( diplomacy 9 gett+ ?is advantage1 b ! _w ?\gh accept+ ! result has ev] be5 incr$ul\s ( 8 prote/ations ( good fai?4 ,& ! end is n yet4 ,colombia has n condon$ ! "p tak5 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! ,/ate ,dep>tm5t has long be5 endeavor+ to discov] "s way1 n too mortify+ to our national self-e/eem1 by :i* we may allay ,colombia's discont5t4 ,& z = t nation x has p]si/5tly refus$ to recognize ,panama z indep5d5t1 "o ( ! results ( :i* has be5 t ! p]petrators ( crime on ! ,i/hmus may skip bli!ly ov] ! l9e to ,bogot or ,c>tag5a & enjoy life free f dread ( extradition4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ame ,,bea*1 ,,pacific ,,coa/ ,:]e s& is obta9$ = locks on ! ,pacific division ,briefly summ>iz$ ! t]ms ( ! treaty ?us exp$iti\sly secur$ are3 #a4 ,! gu>anty ( ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,republic ( ,panama4 #b4 ,! grant to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( a /rip ( l& f ocean to ocean1 ext5d+ = five miles on ea* side ( ! canal1 to be call$ ! ,canal ,zone & ov] :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates has absolute jurisdiction4 ,f ?is ,zone ! cities ( ,panama & ,colon are explicitly exclud$4 #c4 ,all railway & canal rights 9 ! ,zone are c$$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates & its prop]ty !re9 is exempt$ f taxation4 #d4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates has ! "r to police1 g>rison & =tify ! ,zone4 #e4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates is grant$ sanit>y jurisdiction ov] ! cities ( ,panama & ,colon1 & is ve/$ ) ! "r to pres]ve ord] 9 ! ,republic1 %\ld ! ,panamanian gov]nm5t 9 ! judgm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates fail to d s4 #f4 ,z a condition ( ! treaty ! ,unit$ ,/ates paid to ,panama #aj1jjj1jjj 9 ca%1 & 9 #aiac began ! annual paym5t ( #bej1jjj 9 p]petuity4 ,?us equipp$ ) all necess>y int]national au?ority = ! "w ( build+ ! canal ,presid5t ,roosevelt plung$ ) equal vehem5ce & audacity into ! actual con/ructive "w4 ,if he /ra9$ to ! break+ po9t ! rights ( a fri5dly nation to get 8 treaty1 he aft]w>ds te/$ ev5 fur!r ! ela/icity ( ! p[] ( a ,presid5t to act )\t ,congressional au?ority4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,fr5* ,,dry ,,dock1 ,,cri/obal ,we may ha/ily pass ov] ! /eps =w>d4 ,mr4 ,cromwell 0 paid ! #dj1jjj1jjj = ! ,fr5* /ockhold]s1 & at once !re arose a prodigi\s outcry t ! ,fr5*m5 got b little out ( x2 t _! /ock _h be5 b\ght = a few c5ts on ! doll> by speculative ,am]icans2 t ^! ,am]icans _h f9anc$ ! 8revolution0 & t "s ( ! /ock 0 held by p]sons v close to ! adm9i/ration4 ,none ( ^! *>ges 0 prov$1 b all left a r bad impression on ! public m9d4 ,h[ev] ! ,unit$ ,/ates receiv$ full value = ! money4 ,april #bh1 #aijd1 ,congress appropriat$ ! #aj1jjj1jjj due ,panama1 & ) ! title ?us cle> ,lieut5ant ,m>k ,brooke1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 at #g3cj ,a4 ,m4 ,may #d?1 =mally took ov] ! t]ritory 9 ! "n ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,an excell5t opportunity = pomp & c]emony1 = fuss & fea!rs 0 ?us wa/$4 ,!re 7 nei!r spee*es1 nor ?und]+ salutes & ! h\r 0 obvi\sly unpropiti\s = *ampagne4 8,!y ord] ^! ?+s bett] 9 ,france10 z 8,uncle ,toby0 0 wont to say4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:at ,,! ,,"w ,,exp5d$ ,,on ,,! ,,canal ,,might ,,h ,,done ,build a ,*9ese wall f ,san ,francisco to ,new ,york1 or dig a dit* #aj feet deep & #ee feet wide across ! ,unit$ ,/ates at its wide/ "p ,:5 little m ?an a decade %all h roll$ away aft] t wa/$ c]emonial mom5t ! visitor to ! ,i/hmus w gaze ^u ! greate/ complet$ public "w ( ?is or any o!r pa/ age4 ,to conceive ( "s task t man may accompli% 9 future t w exce$ 9 magnitude ?is "o is 9 itself a tax ^u ! mo/ vivid imag9ation4 ,to :at great "w ( ! pa/ c we comp>e ?is "o ( ! pres5t8 ,illu/ration3 ,c\rtesy ,sci5tific ,am]ican ,a ,,graphic ,,comp>ison ,! 8spoil0 tak5 f ! canal w\ld build #fc pyramids ! size ( ,*eops 9 ,broadway f ! ,batt]y to ,h>lem ,! great ,*9ese wall has be5 celebrat$ 9 all hi/ory z "o ( man's mo/ gigantic ef=ts4 ,x is #aejj miles long & w\ld rea* f ,san ,francisco to ,/4 ,l\is4 ,b ! rock & dirt tak5 f ! ,panama ,canal w\ld build a wall z high & ?ick z ! ,*9ese wond]1 #bejj miles long & rea* f ,san ,francisco to ,new ,york 9 a bee-l9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:at ,,! ,,panama ,,concrete ,,w\ld ,,d ,we cross ?\s&s ( miles ( ocean to see ! great ,pyramid ( ,*eops1 "o ( ! ,sev5 ,wond]s ( ! anci5t _w4 ,b ! 8spoil0 tak5 f ! canal prism w\ld build sixty-?ree su* pyramids :i* put 9 a r[ w\ld fill ,broadway f ! ,batt]y to ,h>lem1 or a di/ance ( n9e miles4 ,! ,panama ,canal is b fifty miles long1 b if we c\ld imag9e ! ,unit$ ,/ates z p]fectly level1 ! am\nt ( excavation done at ,panama w\ld dig a canal t5 feet deep & fifty-five feet wide across ! ,unit$ ,/ates at its broade/ "p4 ,new ,york ,city boa/s ( its great ,p5nsylvania t]m9al1 & its sky-pi]c+ ,woolwor? ,build+2 ,wa%+ton is pr\d ( its t[]+ ,wa%+ton ,monum5t1 ! ,:ite ,h\se & ! build+s adjac5t !reto4 ,b ! concrete us$ 9 ! locks & dams ( ! canal w\ld make a pyramid #djj feet high1 cov]+ ! great railway /ation2 ! mat]ial tak5 f ,culebra cut alone w\ld make a pyramid topp+ ! ,woolwor? t[] by #ajj feet1 & cov]+ ! city f ,*amb]s to ,fulton ,/reet1 & f ! ,city ,hall to ,we/ ,broadway2 :ile ! total soil excavat$ 9 ! ,canal ,zone w\ld =m a pyramid #dbjj feet or f\r fif?s ( a mile high1 & ( equal base l9e oblit]at+ n only ! ,wa%+ton ,monum5t b ! ,:ite ,h\se1 ,treasury1 ! ,/ate1 ,w> & ,navy ,build+s & ! f9e/ "p ( (ficial ,wa%+ton z well4 ,jules ,v]ne once1 9 imag9ation1 drove a tunnel ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! e>?1 b ! little cyl9drical tubes drill$ = ! dynamite c>tridges on 8! l9e0 7z p at ,panama ref] to ! ,canal ,zone7 w\ld1 if plac$ end to end1 pi]ce ?is great globe ( ours f side to side2 :ile ! dirt c>s t h c>ri$ (f ! mat]ial w\ld1 if made up 9 "o tra91 rea* f\r times ar\nd ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,c\rtesy ,sci5tific ,am]ican ,,proportions ,,( ,,"s ,,( ,,! ,,canal ,,"w ,b en\gh ( ! m]ely big4 ,let u consid] ! spectacle :i* w\ld confront t visitor :om1 9 an e>li] *apt]1 we took f ,colon to view ,porto ,bello & ,san ,lor5zo4 ,aft] f9i%+ ^? hi/orical pilgrimages if he desir$ to see ! canal 9 its complet$ /ate--say aft] #aiad--;he w\ld take a %ip at ! great concrete docks at ,cri/obal :i* w h supplant$ z ! re/+ places = ! _w's %ipp+ ! e>li] timb] :>ves at ,colon4 ,/eam+ out into ! magnific5t ,limon ,bay1 ! vessel passes into ! *annel dr$g$ out "s ?ree miles into ! turbul5t ,c>ibbean1 & protect$ f ! h>% nor!rs by ! massive ,toro ,po9t breakwat]4 ,! vessel's pr[ is turn$ t[>d ! l&1 n we/w>d z "o w\ld ?9k ( a %ip b\nd f ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific1 b almo/ due s\?4 ,! *annel ?r\gh :i* %e /eams is #ejj feet wide at ! bottom1 & #da feet deep at l[ tide4 ,x ext5ds sev5 miles to ! fir/ int]ruption at ,gatun1 a tide wat] /ream all ! way4 ,! %ores are l[1 cov]$ ) tropical foliage1 & litt]$ along ! wat] l9e ) ! dbris ( rec5t con/ruction "w4 ,aft] /eam+ ab\t six miles someone famili> ) ! l9e w be able to po9t out ov] ! port side ( ! %ip ! juncture ( ! old ,fr5* canal ) ! complet$ "o1 & if ! jungle has n gr[n up too ?ick ! n>r[ *annel ( ! =m] c be trac$ rea*+ back to ,colon by ! side ( ! ,panama ,railroad4 ,?is canal 0 us$ by ! ,am]icans ?r\gh\t ! con/ruction "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,c\rtesy ,sci5tific ,am]ican ,,! 8,,spoil0 ,,f ,,culebra ,,cut ,,w\ld ,,d ,,?is ,at ?is po9t ! %ores rise high] & "o on ! bridge1 or at ! b[1 w be able to cle>ly disc]n f> ahead a long hill slop+ g5tly upw>d on ea* side ( ! canal1 & cut at ! c5t] ) great masses ( :ite masonry1 :i* z ! %ip comes ne>] are se5 to be gigantic locks1 ris+ 9 pairs by ?ree /eps to a total height ( #he feet4 ,= #ajjj feet /raight out into ! c5t] ( ! canal ext5ds a massive concrete pi]1 ! cont9uation ( ! c5t] wall1 or p>tition1 betwe5 ! pairs ( locks1 :ile to "r & left side walls fl>e out1 to ! full wid? ( ! canal1 l a gigantic ,u1 or a funnel guid+ ! %ips t[>d ! /raight pa?way upw>d & onw>d4 ,a graceful ligh?\se guides ! %ips at night1 :ile all along ! c5tral pi] & guide wall electric lights 9 pairs give ?is outpo/ ( civilization 9 ! jungle some?+ ( ! air at night ( a brightly light$ b\lev>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,9 ,a ,,typical ,,lock ,! bridge across is tempor>y1 = con/ruction purposes only4 ,gates are /ill skeletoniz$ await+ ! /eel %ea?+ ,up to ?is "t ! %ip _h be5 proce$+ "u h] own /eam & at ab\t full spe$4 ,n[ sl[+ d[n %e gradually comes to a full /op alongside ! c5tral guide wall4 ,"h w be wait+ f\r electric locomotives1 two on ! c5tral1 two on ! side wall4 ,made fa/1 b[ & /]n1 ! satellites />t (f ) ! %ip 9 t[4 ,x w take an h\r & a half to pass ! ?ree locks at ,gatun & arrangem5ts w probably be made = pass5g]s to leave ! %ip & walk by its side if desir$1 z x climbs ! ?ree /eps to ! wat]s ( ,gatun ,lake #he feet above4 ,probably ! fir/ ?+ ! obs]vant pass5g] w notice is t z ! %ip /eams into ! op5 lock ! great gates :i* are to close beh9d h] & hold ! wat] :i* fl[s 9 f bel[1 sl[ly lift+ h] to ! lock above1 are fold$ flu% ) ! wall1 a recess hav+ be5 built to receive !m4 ,! *amb] :i* ! vessel has ent]$ is #ajjj feet long1 if ! full wat] capacity be employ$1 #aaj feet wide & w raise ! %ip #bh feet4 ,if ! %ip is a comp>atively small "o ! full l5g? ( ! lock w n be us$1 z int]m$iate gates are provid$ :i* w p]mit ! use ( #djj or #fjj feet ( ! lock z requir$--?us sav+ wat]1 :i* means sav+ p[]1 = ! wat] t raises & l[]s ! %ips also g5]ates electric p[] :i* w be employ$ 9 sev]al ways4 ,back ( ea* pair ( gates is a second pair ( em]g5cy gates fold$ back flu% ) ! wall & only to be us$ 9 case ( injury to ! fir/ pair4 ,on ! floor ( ! canal at ! entrance to ! lock lies a great *a91 atta*$ to ma*9]y :i*1 at ! fir/ sign ( a %ip's becom+ unmanageable1 w raise x & b> ! passage4 ,ne>ly all s]i\s accid5ts :i* h occurr$ to locks h be5 due to vessels ( :i* control has be5 lo/1 by "s error 9 telegraph+ f ! bridge to ! eng9e room4 ,= ?is reason at ,panama vessels once 9 ! locks w be controll$ :olly by ! f\r locomotives on ! lock walls :i* c *eck its mom5tum at ! slighte/ sign ( dang]4 ,_! own eng9es w be %ut d[n4 ,f9ally at ! upp] entrance to ! locks is an em]g5cy dam built on ! guide wall4 ,x is evid5t t if an accid5t %\ld happ5 to ! gates ( ! upp] lock ! wat] on ! upp] level w\ld ru% ) de/ructive =ce aga9/ ! l[] ones1 p]haps sweep+ away "o aft] ! o!r & wreck+ ! canal disa/r\sly4 ,to av]t ?is ! em]g5cy dams are swung on a pivot1 some?+ l a drawbridge1 a?w>t ! lock & great plates let d[n "o aft] ! o!r1 /ay$ by ! p]p5dicul> /eel framework until ! ru% ( ! wat]s is *eck$4 ,a caisson is !n sunk aga9/ ^! plates1 mak+ ! dam complete4 ,! me?od ( con/ruction & op]ation ( ^! locks w be m fully describ$ 9 a lat] *apt]4 ,:at has be5 outl9$ "h c be fully obs]v$1 by ! voyag] 9 transit4 ,! ma*9]y by :i* all is op]at$ is conceal$ 9 ! masonry crypts bel[1 b ! travel] may f9d *e] & c]ta9ty ( safety 9 ! assurance ( ! eng9e] :o took me ?r\gh ! cav]n\s passages--8,x's all made fool pro(04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,lock ,,at ,,p$ro ,,miguel ,,"u ,,con/ruction ,! picture %[s /rik+ly ! con/ruction ( ! locks 9 pairs1 ! inn] pair be+ = precaution>y purposes ,illu/ration3 ,,range ,,t[] ,,at ,,pacific ,,entrance ,leav+ ! ,gatun locks & go+ t[>d ! ,pacific ! %ip ent]s ,gatun ,lake1 a great artificial body ( wat] #he feet above tide wat]4 ,?is is ! ultimate height to :i* ! vessel mu/ climb1 & x has rea*$ x 9 ! ?ree /eps ( ! ,gatun locks4 ,to desc5d f ,gatun ,lake to ! ,pacific level %e drops d[n "o lock at ,p$ro ,miguel1 #cj feet2 & two locks at ,miraflores ) a total desc5t ( #ed feet4 ,return+ f ! ,pacific to ! ,atlantic ! locks ( c\rse are tak5 9 rev]se ord]1 ! asc5t beg9n+ at ,miraflores & ! complete desc5t be+ made at ,gatun4 ,gatun ,lake con/itutes really ! major "p ( ! canal1 & ! *annel ?r\gh x ext5ds 9 a some:at tortu\s c\rse = ab\t tw5ty-f\r miles4 ,s broad is ! *annel dr$g$--rang+ f #ejj to #ajjj feet 9 wid? & #de to #he 9 dep?--t vessels w proce$ at full spe$1 a v mat]ial advantage1 z 9 ord9>y canals half spe$ or ev5 less is prescrib$ 9 ord] to avoid ! erosion ( ! banks4 ,! lake :i* ! voyag] by ,panama w trav]se w 9 "t become a sc5ic feature ( ! trip t _c fail to delight ^? :o gaze ^u x4 ,b = "s ye>s to come x w be gha/ly1 a liv+ realization ( "s ( ! pictures emanat+ f ! abnormal bra9 ( ,gu/ave ,dor4 ,on ei!r side ( ! %ip gaunt gray trunks ( dead trees rise f ! placid wat]1 drap$ 9 "s in/ances ) ! ,spani% moss famili> to resid5ts ( our s\!rn /ates1 ?\gh n abundant on ! ,i/hmus4 ,m ( ! trees are hung ) ! trail+ ropes ( v9es once bright ) gre5 foliage & brilliant fl[]s1 n[ gray & dead l ! p>5t trunk4 ,only ! or*ids & ! air plants w cont9ue to give "s slight h9t ( life to ! dull gray monotony ( dea?4 ,= a "t1 too1 x mu/ be expect$ t ! atmosph]e w be z (f5sive z ! sc5e is depress+1 = x has be5 f\nd t ! tropical foliage 9 rott+ gives out a mo/ p5etrat+ & disagreeable odor4 ,! sci5ti/s h det]m9$ to _! own satisfaction t x is n prejudicial to heal?1 b ! m5 :o h be5 work+ 9 ! camps ne> ! %ores ( ! ris+ lake decl>e x emphatically de/ructive ( com=t4 ,! un=tunate trees are dr[n$4 ,plung+ _! roots b5ea? ! wat]s causes _! dea? z infallibly1 b n s quickly1 z to fill a man's lungs ) ! same fluid br+s on 8 end4 ,! ,canal ,commission has n be5 oblivi\s to ! disadvantages1 bo? ae/hetic & practical1 ( ?is great body ( dead timb] /&+ 9 ! lake1 b x has f\nd ! co/ ( remov+ x prohibitive4 ,c>eful e/imates fix ! total exp5se = do+ quickly :at nature w d gratis 9 "t at #b1jjj1jjj4 ,! _m small inlets & backwat]s ( ! lake moreov] w af=d bre$+ places = ! mosquitos & o!r pe/il5t insects :i* ! l>vacide man ) 8 c & pump c nev] rea*1 & no e>?ly +5uity c :olly purify4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bird',s ,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,p$ro ,,miguel ,,locks ,"o vegetable ph5om5on ( ! lake1 n[ exce$+ly common1 w p]si/ = "s "t aft] ! ocean-go+ /eam]s beg9 to ply ^? wat]s1 namely ! float+ isl&s4 ,^! range f a few feet to sev]al acres 9 ext5t1 & are =m$ by portions ( ! spongy b$ ( ! lake be+ brok5 away by ! action ( ! wat]1 & c>ri$ (f by ! curr5t1 or ! w9ds act+ ^u ! aquatic plants on ! surface4 ,!y gradually assume a size & consi/5cy t w make !m1 if n combat$1 a s]i\s m5ace to navigation4 ,at pres5t ! sole me?od ( deal+ ) !m is to t[ !m d[n to ! dam & s5d !m ov] ! spillway1 b "s m spe$y & efficaci\s me?od is yet to be devis$4 ,h[ev] z ! trees n[ /&+ fall & dis9tegrate1 & ! actual %ores ( ! lake rec$e fur!r f ! canal ! isl&s w become few]1 & ! space 9 :i* !y c ga!r )\t imp$im5t to navigation great]4 ,ano!r m5ace to a cle> *annel :i* has put 9 an appe>ance is ! wat] hyac9? :i* has practically de/roy$ ! navigability ( /reams 9 ,florida & ,l\isiana4 ,conditions 9 ,gatun ,lake are ideal = x & ! (ficials are /udy+ me?ods ( *eck+ its spread f ! v beg9n+4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,crit*l[ ,,! ,,vegetable ,,m>tyrs ,! trees 9 ! di/rict flood$ by ,gatun ,lake are be+ sl[ly dr[n$ & w f9ally disappe> ,! wat]s ( ! lake cov] #afd squ>e miles & are at po9ts eighty-five feet deep4 ,9 ! ma9 ?is va/ expanse ( wat]1 "o ( ! l>ge/ ( artificial res]voirs1 conta9+ ab\t #ahc billion cubic feet ( wat]1 is suppli$ by ! ,*agres ,riv]1 ?\gh sev]al small] /reams add to its volume4 ,be=e ! dam 0 built two or ?ree score y>ds measur$ ! ,*agres at its wide/ po9t4 ,n[ ! wat]s are back$ up into ! int]ior f> beyond ! bord]s ( ! ,canal ,zone1 along ! c\rse ( e little wat]way t fl[$ into ! ,*agres1 & busy laun*es may ply above ! sites ( buri$ ,indian t[ns4 ,! t[ns !mselves w n be subm]g$1 = ! cane & palm-?at*$ huts w float away on ! ris+ tide4 ,inde$ f ! %ips little sign ( native life w appe>1 unless x be ,indians 9 cayucas mak+ _! way to m>ket4 ,= ! ann\nc$ policy ( ! gov]nm5t is to depopulate ! ,zone4 ,all ! ,indian rights to ! soil h be5 pur*as$ & ! inhabitants remorselessly ord]$ to move out beyond ! five-mile /rip on ei!r side ( ! canal4 ,?is is un=tunate z x w rob ! trip ( :at might h be5 a sc5ic feature1 = ! ,indians love to build _! villages ne> ! wat]1 :i* is 9 fact _! pr9cipal highway1 & b = ?is prohibition w\ld probably rebuild z ne> ! sites ( _! oblit]at$ t[ns z ! wat]s w\ld p]mit4 ,9 pass+ ?r\gh ! lake ! canal describes eight angles1 & ! att5tive travel] w f9d int]e/ 9 wat*+ ! range lights by :i* ! %ip is guid$ :5 navigat+ ! *annel by day or by night--= !re ne$ be no cessation ( passage because ( d>kness4 ,^! range lights are ligh?\ses ( ren=c$ concrete s plac$ 9 pairs t "o t[]s above ! o!r at a di/ance back ( ! l[] "o ( sev]al hundr$ feet4 ,! pilot keep+ ^! two 9 l9e w "k he is keep+ to ! c5t] ( 8 *annel until ! appe>ance ( two o!rs on ei!r port or />bo>d b[ w>ns him t ! "t has come to turn4 ,! t[]s are ( graceful design1 & to come ^u "o spr++ sixty feet or m into ! air f a d5se jungle clu/]+ ab\t its v base is to h a new exp]i5ce 9 ! picturesque4 ,!y w ne$ no resid5t light keep]s1 = mo/ are on a g5]al electric light circuit4 ,"s ( ! m inaccessible h[ev] are /ock$ ) compress$ acetyl5e :i* w burn ov] six mon?s )\t re*>g+4 ,! :ole canal inde$ f its beg9n+ miles out 9 ! ,atlantic to its end "u ! blue ,pacific w be light$ ) buoys1 beacons1 ligh?\ses & light po/s along ! locks until its c\rse is almo/ z easily foll[$ z a 8great :ite way40 ,sportsm5 believe t ?is great artificial lake w 9 "t become a notable bre$+ place = fi% & game4 ,_m ( our migratory nor!rn birds1 includ+ sev]al v>ieties ( ducks1 n[ hib]nate at ! ,i/hmus1 & ?is broad expanse ( placid wat]1 ) its innum]able inlets p5etrat+ a l& d5sely cov]$ ) vegetation1 %\ld become = !m a favorite %elt]4 ,! population w be sp>se1 & ma9ly z mu* z five miles away f ! l9e ( ! canal ?r\gh :i* ! great /eam]s w ceaselessly pass4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,/reet ,,at ,,taboga ,dur+ ! p]iod ( its con/ruction t portion ( ! canal :i* w lie bel[ ! surface ( ,gatun ,lake 0 pl5tifully spr9kl$ ) native villages1 & held two or ?ree consid]able con/ruction t[ns4 ,( ! latt] ,gorgona 0 ! l>ge/1 :i* t[>d ! end ( canal con/ruction atta9$ a population ( ab\t #djjj4 ,9 ! e>li] hi/ory ( ! ,i/hmus ,gorgona 0 a not$ /opp+ place = ^? cross+ ! neck1 b x seems to h be5 fam$ *iefly = ! badness ( its accommodations4 ,otis says ( x1 8,! t[n ( ,gorgona 0 not$ 9 ! e>li] days ( ! riv] travel z ! place :]e ! wet & jad$ travel] 0 accu/om$ to worry out ! night on a ra:ide1 expos$ to ! insects & ! ra91 & 9 ! morn+1 if he 0 =tunate regale himself on j]k$ beef & planta9s40 ,! ,fr5* e/abli%$ railroad %ops "h :i* ! ,am]icans greatly enl>g$4 ,z a result ?is t[n & ! neighbor+ village ( ,mata*9 became consid]able c5t]s ( indu/ry & ,gorgona 0 "o ( ! pleasante/ places ( resid5ce on 8! l9e40 ,its ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 clubh\se 0 "o ( ! l>ge/ & be/ equipp$ on ! :ole ,zone1 & ! t[n 0 well suppli$ ) *ur*es & s*ools4 ,by ! end ( #aiac all ?is w be *ang$4 ,! %op w h be5 mov$ to ! great new port ( ,balboa2 su* ( ! h\ses & (ficial build+s z c\ld economically be torn d[n & rerect$ w h be5 ?us dispos$ (4 ,mu* ( ! two t[ns w be cov]$ by ! lake1 b on ! high] portions ( ! site w /& = "s ye>s des]t$ ru9s :i* ! all-conqu]+ jungle w f9ally take = its own4 ,! railroad :i* once s]v$ its active p w h be5 mov$ away to ! o!r side ( ! canal & ,gorgona w h return$ to ! primitive wild]ness :5ce ,piz>ro & ! gold hunt]s awak5$ x4 ,ne> its site is ! hill miscall$ ,balboa's & f ! /eam%ips' decks ! wood5 cross t /&s on its summit may be cle>ly se54 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,gamboa ,,bridge ,,) ,,*agres ,,at ,,flood ,= contra/+ picture %[+ ! riv] 9 dry season1 see page #aib ,soon aft] pass+ ,gorgona & ,mata*9 ! high bridge by :i* ! railroad crosses ! ,*agres at ,gamboa1 ) its sev5 /one pi]s w be visible ov] ! />bo>d side4 ,?is po9t is ( "s int]e/ z be+ ! spot at :i* ! wat] 0 kept out ( ! long tr5* at ,culebra4 ,a dyke1 p>tly artificial1 "h ob/ruct$ ! canal cut & c>ri$ ! railroad across to ,las ,cascadas1 ,empire1 ,culebra & o!r consid]able t[ns all ab&on$1 toge!r ) t bran* ( ! road1 ^u ! completion ( ! canal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,club ,,h\se ,,at ,,gatun ,n[ ! %ip passes into ! mo/ spectacul> "p ( ! voyage--! ,culebra ,cut4 ,dur+ ! process ( con/ruction ?is /ret* ( ! "w vi$ ) ! great dam at ,gatun = ! di/9ction ( be+ ! mo/ int]e/+ & picturesque "p ( ! "w4 ,some?+ ( ! spectacul> effect !n pres5t$ w be lo/ :5 ! %ips beg9 to pass4 ,! s5se ( ! magnitude ( ! "w w n s greatly impress ! travel] /&+ on ! deck ( a %ip1 float+ on ! surface ( ! canal :i* is "h #de feet deep1 z x w\ld 7 he /&+ at ! bottom ( ! cut4 ,he w lose ab\t #ge feet ( ! actual height1 z comm&$ by ! e>li] travel] :o look$ up at ! t[]+ height ( ,contractors ,hill f ! v floor ( ! colossal excavation4 ,he w lose1 too1 mu* ( ! almo/ b>b>ic color+ ( ! newly op5$ cut :]e bright r$ vi$ ) *rome yell[ 9 />tl+ ! eye1 & almo/ e %ade ( ! *romatic scale _h its repres5tative 9 ! fre%ly uncov]$ /rata ( e>?4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,work+ ,,9 ,,culebra ,,cut ,! picture is tak5 at a comp>atively quiet "t1 only two dirt tra9s be+ visible ,! tropical foliage gr[s swiftly1 & long be=e ! new wat]way w h become an accu/om$ pa? to ! %ips ( all nations ! slop+ banks w be ?ickly cov]$ ) vegetation4 ,x is inde$ ! purpose ( ! ,commission to enc\rage ! gr[? ( su* vegetation by plant+1 9 ! belief t ! roots w tie ! soil toge!r & less5 ! dang] ( slides & wa%\ts4 ,! hills t "h t[] al(t on ei!r side ( ! canal =m "p ( ! great cont95tal divide t1 all ! way f ,alaska to ! ,/raits ( ,magellan divides ! ,pacific f ! ,atlantic wat]%$4 ,?is is its l[e/ po9t4 ,gold ,hill1 its greate/ em95ce1 rises #die feet above ! bottom ( ! canal1 :i* 9 turn is #dj feet above sea level4 ,! /ory ( ! gigantic task ( cutt+ ?r\gh ?is ridge1 ( ! new problems :i* arose 9 almo/ e week's "w1 & ( ! ways 9 :i* !y 7 met & ov]come w necessitate a *apt] to itself4 ,^? :o float swiftly along 9 well-appo9t$ /eam%ips ?r\gh ! almo/ /raight *annel #cjj feet wide at ! bottom1 betwe5 t[]+ hills1 w f9d ! s5sation ! m memorable if !y w /udy some:at ! figures %[+ ! proportions ( ! "w1 ! full fruition ( :i* !y are enjoy+4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,miraflores ,,lock ,,9 ,,m>*1 #aiac ,?is lock is 9 two /ories ) a total lift ( #ef feet2 ! ,pacific tides rise 9 ! canal to ! l[] lock ,at ,p$ro ,miguel a s+le lock lets ! %ip d[n to ano!r little lake h>dly two miles across to ,miraflores :]e two m locks drop x d[n to tide wat]4 ,f ,miraflores ! travel] c see ! great bulk ( ,ancon ,hill loom+ up sev5 miles away1 d5ot+ ! proximity ( ! city ( ,panama :i* lies huddl$ "u its ,pacific front4 ,practically "o great rock is ,ancon ,hill1 & its l&w>d face is badly sc>r$ by ! enorm\s qu>ry :i* ! ,commission has work$ to furni% /one = con/ruction "w4 ,at its base is ! new port ( ,balboa :i* is de/9$ to be 9 "t a great di/ribut+ po9t = ! ,pacific coa/ ( bo? ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,= ! vessels com+ ?r\gh ! canal f ! ,atlantic mu/1 f ,balboa1 turn nor? or s\? or proce$ direct across ! ,pacific to ^? ,asiatic m>kets ( :i* ! old-"t m>9]s s fondly dream$4 ,fleets ( small] coa/wise vessels w ga!r "h to take c>goes = ! ports ( ,c5tral ,am]ica1 or = ,ecuador1 ,colombia1 ,p]u & o!r ,pacific /ates ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,! ,canal ,commission is build+ great docks = ! accommodation ( bo? ?r\gh & local %ipp+2 /orage docks & pockets = coal & tanks = oil4 ,! coal+ plant w h a capacity ( ab\t #ajj1jjj tons1 ( :i* ab\t "o-half w be subm]g$4 ,"o dry dock w take a %ip #ajjj feet long & #aje feet wide--! wid? ( ! dock itself be+ #aaj feet4 ,!re w be also a small] dock4 ,"o pi]1 ( ! mo/ mod]n design1 equipp$ ) unload+ cranes & #bbjj feet long is already complete1 & ! plans = additional pi]s are prep>$4 ,! e/imat$ co/ ( ! t]m9als at ,balboa is #ae1jjj1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,naos1 ,,p]ico ,,& ,,flam5co ,,isl&s ,,to ,,be ,,=tifi$ ,! ,suez ,canal creat$ no t[n su* z ,balboa is likely to be1 = conditions ) x 7 :olly diff]5t4 ,port ,said at ! ,m$it]ranean end & ,ad5 at ! ,r$ ,sea t]m9us are coal+ /ations1 no?+ m4 ,geographical consid]ations h[ev] are likely to give to bo? ,balboa & ,cri/obal--p>ticul>ly ! =m]--prime importance z po9ts ( trans%ipm5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,beg9n+ ,,( ,,new ,,balboa ,,docks ,! ma*9e %ops long 9 ,gorgona & ,mata*9 h be5 remov$ to ,balboa1 & ?\gh s9ce ! completion ( ! canal ! numb] ( _! employes has be5 greatly decreas$1 ! "w ( repair+ & outfitt+ vessels may be expect$ to ma9ta9 a l>ge population ( me*anics4 ,! adm9i/ration (fices n[ at ,culebra w also be mov$ to ,balboa1 :i* 9 fact is likely to become ! *ief t[n ( ! ,canal ,zone4 ,"h is to be an employes' club h\se1 built ( concrete blocks at a co/ ( #eb1jjj4 ,l ! o!r club h\ses e/abli%$ dur+ ! con/ruction p]iod x w be "u ! direct adm9i/ration ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,! t[n ( ,balboa1 & ! club h\se w be 9 no small degree ! fruit ( ! e>ne/ endeavor ( ,col4 ,goe?als to build !re a t[n t %all be a cr$it to ! nation1 & a place ( com=t = ^? :o inhabit x4 ,8 e/imate pres5t$ to ,congress ( ! co/ & "* ( ! h\ses to be furni%$ to (fic]s ( v>i\s grades & c]ta9 public build+s may be int]e/+ "h4 ,! mat]ial is all to be concrete blocks3 ,gov]nor's h\se #be1jjj ,commission]s' & high (ficials' h\ses1 ea* #ae1jjj ,h\ses ( ?is type to h l>ge c5t] room1 a sitt+ room1 d9+ room1 ba?1 kit*5 & f\r b$ rooms4 ,families draw+ #bjj a mon? #f1jjj ,families draw+ less1 9 #d-;family build+s #d1jjj ,ba*elor qu>t]s1 = #ej #ej1jjj ,besides ^! build+s = p]sonal occupance ,balboa w conta9--unless ! orig9al plans are mat]ially modifi$3 ,hotel #bb1ejj ,commiss>y #fc1jjj ,s*ool #cb1jjj ,police /ation & c\rt #cg1jjj ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,old ,,pacific ,,mail ,,docks ,,at ,,balboa ,:5 ,col4 ,goe?als 0 pres5t+ 8 e/imates to ,congress 9 #aiac ! memb]s ( ! ,committee on ,appropriations look$ some:at askance on ! club-h\se feature ( 8 reque/s1 & ?is colloquy occurr$3 8,! ,*airman3 #8,a #eb1jjj club h\se8' 8,col4 ,goe?als3 #8,yes1 sir4 ,we ne$ a good club h\se1 because we %\ld give !m "s amusem5t1 & keep !m out ( ,panama4 ,i believe 9 ! club-h\se pr9ciple4' 8,! ,*airman3 #8,t is all "r1 b y mu/ contemplate a v elaborate h\se8' 8,col4 ,goe?als3 #8,yes1 sir4 ,i want to make a t[n !re t w be a cr$it to ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t4'0 ,look+ out to sea f ! pr[ ( a %ip ent]+ ! ,pacific ,ocean y w notice ?ree conical isl&s ris+ abruptly f ! waves1 to a height ( ?ree or f\r hundr$ feet4 ,to be m precise ! "o ne>e/ ! %ore ceas$ to be an isl& :5 ! busy dirt tra9s ( ! ,canal ,commission dump$ into ! sea "s millions ( cubic y>ds ( mat]ial tak5 f ! ,culebra ,cut1 =m+ at once a great area ( artificial l& :i* may 9 ensu+ c5turies h its value1 & a breakwat] :i* int]cepts a local curr5t t = a "t gave ! canal build]s mu* tr\ble by fill+ ! *annel ) silt4 ,! ?ree isl&s1 ,naos1 ,flam5co1 & ,p]ico are utiliz$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z sites = p[]ful =ts4 ,! policy ( ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t necess>ily prev5ts any description "h ( ! =ts plann$ or _! armam5t4 ,e gov]nm5t jeal\sly gu>ds f ! m]ely curi\s a view ( its def5sive works1 & ! intrud] ) a cam]a1 h[ev] h>mless & in(f5sive he may be1 is sev]ely dealt ) z ?\gh he _h pr(an$ ! ,holy ( ,holies4 ,despite ^! dra/ic precautions aga9/ ! h>mless t\ri/ x is a recogniz$ fact t e gov]nm5t has 9 its files plans & descriptions ( ! =ts ( any p[] ) :i* x is at all likely to become involv$ 9 w>4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,pacific ,,gateway ,! gun po9ts to canal entrance2 high hills 9 ! backgr\nd are beyond ! canal ,x may be said1 h[ev]1 )\t ent]+ into prohibit$ details1 t by ! =tifications on ! isl&s1 & on ! hills adjac5t to ! canal entrance1 z well z by a p]man5t sy/em ( subm>9e m9es ! ,pacific entrance to ! canal is made z ne>ly impregnable z ! art ( w> p]mits4 ,! locks at ,miraflores are sev5 miles inl& & ! effective range ( naval guns is f\rte5 miles1 s t b = ! =tifications & a fleet ( our own to hold ! ho/ile fleet well out to sea ! v key/one ( ! canal /ructure w\ld be m5ac$4 ,our gov]nm5t 9 build+ its new t]m9al city at ,balboa _h be=e x a v /rik+ illu/ration ( ! way 9 :i* nations covet j su* t[ns4 ,russia on complet+ h] trans-,sib]ian railroad built at ,port ,ar?ur a t]m9al ev5 gr&] & m co/ly ?an our new outpo/ on ! ,pacific4 ,b ! ,japanese flag n[ waves ov] ,port ,ar?ur--& incid5tally ! =tifications ( t fam\s t]m9al 7 also consid]$ impregnable4 ,p]haps ! impregnable =t l ! uns9kable %ip is yet to be f\nd4 ,at ,balboa ! trip ?r\gh ! complet$ canal w be end$4 ,x has cov]$ a fraction ov] fifty miles1 & has consum$1 accord+ to ! spe$ ( ! %ip & ! 8sm>tness0 ( h] h&l+ 9 locks1 f sev5 to t5 h\rs4 ,he :o 0 =tunate en\gh to make t voyage may well reflect on ! weeks ( "t & ! ?\s&s ( tons ( coal necess>y to c>ry 8 vessel f ,colon to ,balboa _h ! canal n exi/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,complet$ ,,canal ,,at ,,corozal ,f ,balboa to ! anci5t & yet gay city ( ,panama runs a trolley l9e by :i* ! pass5g]1 ^: %ip rema9s 9 port = a few days1 or ev5 a few h\rs1 may ) b little co/ ( "t or money visit "o ( ! qua9te/ t[ns on ! ,nor? ,am]ican cont95t4 ,if ! climate1 or ! seem+ly in]adicable sluggi%ness ( ! ,panamanian d n int]v5e ! two t[ns %\ld gr[ into "o1 ?\gh _! gov]nm5ts mu/ rema9 di/9ct1 z ! ,republic ( ,panama naturally cl+s to its capital city4 ,b seem+ly ! prospect ( a great new port at 8 doors1 op5 to ! comm]ce ( all ! _w1 :]e %ips f ,hamburg & ,hong ,kong1 f ,london & ,lima1 f ,cop5hag5 & f ,melb\rne may all meet 9 pass+ _! _w-wide ways1 excites ! ,panamanian n a :it4 ,he exi/s cont5t ) 8 t[n z x is1 rea*+ out b little = ! new trade :i* ?is busy m>t next door to him %\ld br+4 ,no new hotels are ris+ )9 ! l9e ( ! old walls2 no new air ( ha/e or ent]prise enliv5s ! placid /reets & plazas4 ,p]haps 9 "t ,balboa may be ! big t[n1 & ,panama z mu* outworn z t o!r ,panama :i* ,morgan left a m]e gr\p ( ru9s4 ,x 7 a pity %\ld x be s1 = no new t[n1 built ( neat cem5t blocks1 ) a ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 club h\se z its cr[n+ po9t ( gaiety1 c ev] h ! *>m :i* ev5 ! casual visitor f9ds 9 ragg$1 bright-color$1 cr[d$1 gay & p]haps naughty ,panama4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,=mative ,,p]iod ,am]ican control ( ! canal1 z ,i h already po9t$ out1 0 tak5 ov] )\t any p>ticul> c]emony imm$iately aft] ! paym5t to ,panama ( ! #aj1jjj1jjj provid$ = 9 ! treaty4 ,inde$ s slight 0 ! friction incid5t to ! transf] ( own]%ip f ! ,fr5* to ! ,am]icans t sev]al hundr$ labor]s employ$ on ! ,culebra ,cut w5t on ) _! "w s]5ely unconsci\s ( any *ange 9 managem5t4 ,b ?\gh "w 0 un9t]rupt$ ! organization ( ! direct+ =ce took "t & ?\ght4 ,x took m ?an t4 ,x dem&$ ! te/+ out ( m5 9 high place & ! rejection ( ! unfit2 pati5t exp]im5t+ ) me?ods & ! ab&onm5t ( ^? t fail$ to produce results4 ,!re 0 a long p]iod ( ?is exp]im5tal "w :i* sorely tri$ ! pati5ce ( ! ,am]ican p be=e ! canal-digg+ organization fell into its /ride & mov$ on ) a c]ta9 & resi/less progress t[>d ! goal4 ,9 accordance ) ! ,spoon] act ,presid5t ,roosevelt on ,m>* #h1 #aijd1 appo9t$ ! fir/ ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission ) ! foll[+ p]sonnel3 ,admiral ,john ,g4 ,walk]1 ,u4 ,s4 ,n41 ,*airman1 ,major ,g5]al ,george ,w4 ,davis1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 ,william ,b>clay ,p>sons1 ,william ,h4 ,burr1 ,b5jam9 ,m4 ,h>rod1 ,c>l ,ewald ,gunsky1 ,frank ,j4 ,heck]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,tunnel ,,= ,,! ,,obispo ,,div]sion ,,canal ,9 #aiac :5 ! canal approa*$ completion n "o ( ^! g5tlem5 0 associat$ ) x4 ,dea? _h c>ri$ away ,admiral ,walk]1 b (ficial mortality _h end$ ! canal-digg+ c>e]s ( ! o!rs4 ,inde$ "u ! rule ( ,presid5t ,roosevelt ! t5ure ( (fice ( ,i/hmian ,commission]s 0 exce$+ly sl5d] & ! :ole commission z orig9ally design$ 0 f9ally aboli%$ be+ replac$ by "o made up1 ) "o exception1 ( (fic]s ( ! army & navy4 ,! fir/ commission visit$ ! ,i/hmus1 /ay$ precisely #bd days1 ord]$ "s new surveys & return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! mo/ important fact ab\t its visit 0 t x 0 accompani$ to ! sc5e ( "w by an army surgeon1 "o ,dr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,gorgas1 :o _h be5 engag$ 9 clean+ up ,havana4 ,major ,gorgas1 to give him 8 army title1 0 n at ?is "t a memb] ( ! ,commission b _h be5 appo9t$ ,*ief ,sanit>y ,(fic]4 ,i %all h mu* to say ( 8 "w 9 a lat] *apt]2 z = t matt] ,fame w h mu* to say ( him 9 lat] ages4 ,col4 ,goe?als1 :o w %>e t p9nacle 0 n at ?is "t associat$ ) ! canal "w4 ,co9cid5tly ) ! ,commission's visit ! ,presid5t appo9t$ z *ief eng9e]1 ,john ,f4 ,wallace1 at ! mom5t g5]al manag] ( ! ,ill9ois ,c5tral ,railroad4 ,8 sal>y 0 fix$ at #be1jjj a ye>4 ,9 tell+ ! /ory ( ! digg+ ( ! ,panama ,canal we %all f9d ?r\gh\t t ! eng9e] out%9es ! ,commission2 ! executive r ?an ! legislative is ! rul+ =ce4 ,! /ory !re=e gr\ps itself into ?ree *apt]s ( v unequal l5g?--namely ! adm9i/rations z *ief eng9e]s ( ,john ,f4 ,wallace1 f ,june #a1 #aijd1 to ,june #bh1 #aije2 ,john ,f4 ,/ev5s1 ,june #cj1 #aije1 to ,april #a1 #aijg1 & ,col4 ,george ,w4 ,goe?als f ,april #a1 #aijg1 to ! "t ( publication ( ?is book & d\btless = a v consid]able p]iod !reaft]4 ,ea* ( ^! (ficials enc\nt]$ new problems1 s]i\s ob/acles1 he>tbreak+ delays & disappo9tm5ts4 ,two broke d[n "u ! /ra92 d\btless ! "o :o took up ! "w la/ pr(it$ by bo? ! errors & ! successes ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,x is b human nature to give ! highe/ applause to him :o is 9 at ! dea?1 to immortalize ! soldi] :o plants ! flag on ! citadel1 =gett+ him :o fell mak+ a brea* 9 ! out] brea/works & !reby made possible ! ultimate triumph4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,two ,,colonels ,w4 ,c4 ,gorgas & ,george ,w4 ,goe?als1 ^: comb9$ "w gave ! canal to ! _w4 ,wallace at ! v outset _h to ov]come "o grim & unrel5t+ enemy :i* 0 l>gely subdu$ be=e 8 successors took up ! "w4 ,yell[ fev] & mal>ia ravag$ ! ,i/hmus1 z !y _h done f "t immemorial1 & al?\gh ,sanit>y ,(fic] ,gorgas 0 !re ) k ( h[ to put t foe to r\t ! campaign 0 yet to be begun4 ,!y say t ,wallace _h a lurk+ dread t be=e he c\ld f9i% ! canal ! canal w\ld f9i% him1 & inde$ he _h s\nd reasons = t fe>4 ,he f\nd ! headqu>t]s ( ! *ief eng9e] 9 ! build+ on ,av5ida ,c5trale n[ occupi$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates legation1 b prior to 8 "t t5ant$ by ! ,fr5* ,director-,g5]al4 ,! /reets ( ! t[n 7 unpav$1 ankle deep 9 f\l mire 9 ! ra9y season1 & cov]$ ) g]m-lad5 du/ :5 dry4 ,!re be+ no sew]s ! t[nsfolk ) airy indiff]5ce to public heal? empti$ _! slops f ! second-/ory w9d[s feel+ !y _h made suffici5t concession to ! g5]al welf>e if !y w>n$ pass]sby be=e tilt+ ! bucket4 ,yell[ fev] 0 always pres5t 9 isolat$ cases1 & by ! "t ,wallace _h be5 on ! job a few mon?s x became epidemic1 & among ! victims 0 ! wife ( 8 secret>y4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,walk ,,at ,,ancon ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,hospital ,,gr\nds ,h[ev]1 ! new *ief eng9e] tackl$ ! job ) en]gy4 ,!re 0 q en\gh to enli/ 8 be/ en]gies4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t at ?is date ! fundam5tal problem ( a sea level vs4 a lock canal _h n be5 det]m9$--0 n def9itely settl$ inde$ until #aijf4 ,accord+ly ,eng9e] ,wallace's fir/ "w 0 gett+ ready to "w4 ,he f\nd #gdf m5 tickl+ ! surface ( ,culebra ,cut ) h& tools2 ! old ,fr5* h\ses1 all !re 7 = ! new =ce _h be5 seiz$ ^u by natives or ov]run by ! jungle2 :ile ! ,fr5* _h left great quantities ( s]viceable ma*9]y x _h be5 ab&on$ 9 ! op5 & requir$ c>eful ov]haul+ be=e be+ fit = use2 ! railroad 0 inadequate 9 track mileage & 9 equipm5t4 ,above all ! labor problem 0 yet to be successfully solv$4 ,9 8 "o ye>'s s]vice ,wallace repair$ #ceg ,fr5* h\ses & built #dh new ones1 b ! task ( h\s+ ! employees 0 /ill f> f complet$4 ,m5 sw>m$ ov] ! old ,fr5* ma*9]y1 cutt+ away ! jungle1 d\s+ ! metal ) k]os5e & clean+ (f ! ru/4 ,float+ dr$ges 7 set to "w 9 ! *annel at ! ,atlantic end--:i* incid5tally has be5 ab&on$ 9 ! complet$ plans = ! canal ?\gh x 0 us$ 9 prelim9>y con/ruction4 ,! railroad 0 requipp$ & ext5d$ & ! f\ndation laid = ! ?or\ghly up-to-date road x n[ is4 ,mean:ile ! survey+ p>ties 7 busy 9 ! field collect+ ! data f :i* aft] a prolong$ p]iod ( discussion1 ! vex$ "q ( ! type ( canal1 %\ld be det]m9$4 ,two factors 9 ! situation made ,wallace's job ! h>de/4 ,! ,commission made its headqu>t]s 9 ,wa%+ton1 #bjjj miles or a week's j\rney away f ! job1 & ! ,am]ican p1 eag] = action1 7 mak+ ! air res\nd ) cries ( 8make ! dirt fly60 ,9 a s5se ,wallace's position 0 n unlike t ( ,g54 ,mc,clellan 9 ! op5+ mon?s ( ! ,civil ,w> :5 ! slogan ( ! nor!rn press 0 8,on to ,ri*mond10 & no ?\ght 0 giv5 to ! ob/acles 9 ! pa?1 or ! wisdom ( prep>+ fully = ! campaign be=e x 0 begun4 ,!re are _m :o hold today t if ,wallace _h be5 deaf to ^? :o want$ to see ! dirt fly1 _h tak5 ! m5 (f ! "w ( excavation until ! type ( canal _h be5 det]m9$ & all necess>y h\s+ & sanitation "w _h be5 complet$1 ! results atta9$ w\ld h be5 bett]1 & ! /ra9 :i* broke d[n ?is really capable eng9e] w\ld h be5 av]t$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,fr5* ,,cottages ,,on ,,! ,,wat] ,,front1 ,,cri/obal ,r$ tape immeasurable w\nd ab\t ! ,*ief ,eng9e] & all 8 assi/ants4 ,requisitions _h to g to ! ,commission = approval & ! ,commission clung to ,wa%+ton t5aci\sly1 z all f$]al commissions d :]ev] ! "w !y are commission$ to p]=m may be situat$4 ,dur+ ! ,civil ,w> days a /ory 0 curr5t ( a ,major be+ exam9$ = promotion to a colonelcy4 8,n[1 ,major10 ask$ an exam9]1 8we w consid]1 if y please1 ! case ( a regim5t j ord]$ into battle4 ,:at is ! usual position ( ! colonel 9 su* a case80 8,on ,p5nsylvania ,av5ue1 ab\t ,will>d's ,hotel10 respond$ ! ,major bravely & tru?fully4 ,! (fic]s :o direct$ ,wallace's fight+ =ce clung to ,p5nsylvania ,av5ue & its asphalt r ?an abide ) ,av5id ,c5trale & its mud4 ,s too did succe$+ commissions until ,!odore ,roosevelt1 :o _h a p]sonal p5*ant = be+ on ! fir+ l9e1 ord]$ t all memb]s ( ! ,commission %\ld reside on ! ,i/hmus4 ,at t he _h tr\ble en=c+ ! ord] except ) ! ,army & ,navy (fic]s :o made up five-sev5?s ( ! ,commission4 ,h[ great 0 ! delay caus$ by r$ tape & abs5tee au?orities _c be e/imat$4 ,:5 requisitions = supplies rea*$ ,wa%+ton ! regulations requir$ t bids be adv]tis$ =4 ,i r discr$it ! curr5t /ory t :5 a "y ,panamanian arriv$ at ,ancon ,hospital & ! "m prov$ unable to furni% him ) food1 ! doctor 9 *>ge 0 (ficially notifi$ t if he b\ght a nurs+ bottle )\t adv]tis+ ?irty days = bids he mu/ d s at 8 own exp5se4 ,t /ory seems too /rik+ly illu/rative ( r$-tape to be true4 ,b x is true t aft] ,col4 ,gorgas _h work$ out 8 plans = furni%+ runn+ wat] to ,panama1 & do+ away ) ! ci/]ns & great j>s 9 :i* ! resid5ts /or$ wat] & br$ mosquitoes1 x took n9e mon?s to get ! iron pipes1 ord9>y ones at t1 to ,panama4 ,mean:ile /reet pav+ & sew]age 7 held up & :5 ,wallace wir$ ! ,commission to hurry he 0 told to be less extravagant 9 8 use ( ! cable4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pay ,,day ,,= ,,! ,,black ,,labor ,no man suff]$ m f ?is sort ( (ficial delay & /upidity ?an did ,col4 ,gorgas4 ,if any man 0 fight+ = life x 0 he--n = 8 own life b t ( ! ?\s&s :o 7 work+1 or yet to "w on ! canal4 ,yet :5 he call$ = wire nett+ to scre5 out ! mal>ial mosquitos he 0 rebuk$ by ! ,commission z if he 7 ask+ x m]ely to contribute to ! luxury ( ! employees4 ,! am\nt ( +5uity exp5d$ by ! ,commission 9 sugge/+ ways 9 :i* wire nett+ might be sav$ w\ld be admirable z indicative ( a desire to gu>d ! public purse1 except = ! fact t 9 sav+ nett+ !y 7 wa/+ human lives4 ,! same policy 0 pursu$ :5 appeals came 9 = additional equipm5t = ! hospitals1 = new ma*9]y1 = wid] au?ority4 ,:5ev] any?+ 0 to be done on ! canal l9e ! fir/ ^w f ,wa%+ton 0 always criticism--! policy in/antly appli$ 0 delay4 ,all[+ = ! disadvantages "u :i* he labor$ ,mr4 ,wallace a*iev$ great results 9 8 ye> ( s]vice on ! ,i/hmus4 ,b 8 connection ) ! canal 0 end$ 9 a way ab\t :i* mu/ ev] hang "s elem5t ( my/]y4 ,he compla9$ bitt]ly1 p]si/5tly & ju/ly ab\t ! conditions 9 :i* he 0 compell$ to "w & f\nd 9 ,presid5t ,roosevelt a sympa!tic & a reasonable auditor4 ,inde$1 mov$ by ! ,*ief ,eng9e]'s appeals1 ! ,presid5t endeavor$ to secure f ,congress au?ority to sub/itute a ,commission ( ?ree = ! unwieldy body ( sev5 ) :i* ,wallace f\nd x s h>d to make headway4 ,fail+ 9 ?is ! ,presid5t *>act]i/ically en\gh did by indirection :at ,congress w\ld n p]mit him to d directly4 ,he dem&$ & receiv$ ! resignations ( all ! orig9al commission]s1 & appo9t$ a new bo>d ) ! foll[+ memb]s3 ,!odore ,p4 ,%onts1 ,*airman1 ,*>les ,e4 ,magoon1 ,gov]nor ( ! ,canal ,zone1 ,john ,f4 ,wallace1 ,*ief ,eng9e]1 ,mordecai ,t4 ,endicott1 ,pet] ,c4 ,ha9s1 ,oswald ,h4 ,ern/1 ,b5jam9 ,m4 ,h>rod4 ,z 9 ! case ( ! e>li] commission]s none ( ^! rema9$ to see ! "w to a conclusion4 ,?is commission1 ?\gh simil> 9 =m1 0 va/ly diff]5t 9 fact f its pr$ecessor4 ,! ,presid5t 9 appo9t+ x _h direct$ t its fir/ ?ree memb]s %\ld con/itute an executive committee1 & t two ( ^!1 ,gov4 ,magoon & ,eng9e] ,wallace1 %\ld reside cont9u\sly on ! ,zone4 ,to fur!r conc5trate p[] 9 ,mr4 ,wallace's h&s he 0 made ,vice-,presid5t ( ! ,panama ,railroad4 ,! ,presid5t ?us secur$ practically all he _h ask$ ( ,congress1 = ! executive committee ( ?ree 0 z p[]ful z ! small] commission :i* ,congress _h refus$ him4 ,9 all ?is organization ,mr4 ,wallace _h be5 consult$ at e /ep4 ,he /ay$ = two mon?s 9 ,wa%+ton :ile ! *anges 7 9 progress & express$ 8 entire approval ( !m4 ,x 0 !re=e ) ! utmo/ amazem5t t ! ,presid5t receiv$ f him1 %ortly aft] 8 return to ! ,i/hmus1 a cable reque/+ a new conf]5ce & h9t+ at 8 resignation4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,9 ,,wallace',s ,,"t ,sanitation "w 9 ,panama ,city ,at ! mom5t t cable message 0 s5t ,panama 0 %udd]+ 9 ! grasp ( ! la/ yell[ fev] epidemic t has deva/at$ t t]ritory4 ,p]haps _h ,col4 ,gorgas secur$ 8 wire nett+ e>li]1 or ,wallace's appeals = wat] pipes met ) prompt] att5tion x might h be5 av]t$4 ,b 9 t ,may & ,june ( #aije ! fev] ravag$ ! t[n & ! "w camps almo/ z x _h 9 ! days ( ! ,fr5*4 ,!re _h be51 z already not$1 "s scatt]$ cases ( yell[ fev] 9 ! ,zone :5 ! ,am]icans took hold1 b !y 7 too few & too widely sep>at$ to cause any g5]al panic4 ,! sanit>y au?orities h[ev] not$ ) appreh5sion t !y did n decrease1 & t a v consid]able proportion 7 fatal4 ,x 0 ab\t ?is "t t ! ,commission 0 snubb+ ,col4 ,gorgas because ( 8 insatiable dem&s = wire scre5+4 ,9 ,april !re 7 sev5 cases among ! employees 9 ! ,commission's headqu>t]s 9 ,panama4 ,?ree di$ & among ! #cjj o!r m5 employ$ !re panic spread rapidly4 ,nobody c>$ ab\t jobs any long]4 ,f all p>ts ( ! ,zone :ite-fac$ m5 flock$ to ! /eam%ip (fices to secure passage home4 ,/ories ab\t ! ravages ( ! disease among ! ,fr5* became curr5t1 & ! m5 at "w %udd]$ z !y pass$ ! little ,fr5* cemet]ies s pl5tifully scatt]$ along ! ,zone4 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,! ,,wa%+ ,,place ,,at ,,taboga ,taboga1 site ( ! ,commission sanit>ium1 is ! mo/ picturesque po9t readily accessible f ,panama ,city4 ,! laundry place is ! ga!r+ po9t = ! wom5 ( ! village4 ,! sanit>y =ces :eel$ out into ! op5 & w5t into ! fight4 ,e h\se 9 ,panama & ,colon 0 fumigat$1 aga9/ ! bitt] prote/s ( _m ( ! h\sehold]s :o w\ld r face yell[ fev] !n ! cleans+ process1 & :o did n believe mu* 9 ^! sci5tific ideas ( ! 8gr+oes0 anyway4 ,an army ( inspectors made h\se to h\se canvasses ( ! t[ns & remov$1 sometimes by =ce1 all suspect$ victims to ! isolation hospitals4 ,! malignant mosquitoes1 c\ri]s ( ! infection1 7 pursu$ pati5tly by regim5ts ( m5 :o slew all t 7 detect$ & delug$ ! bre$+ places ) l>vacide4 ,! w> ( sci5ce ^u sickness soon began to tell4 ,june %[$ ! high-wat] m>k ( pe/il5ce ) sixty-two cases1 & six dea?s4 ,f t po9t x decl9$ until 9 ,decemb] ! la/ case 0 regi/]$4 ,s9ce !n !re has be5 no case ( yell[ fev] orig9at+ on ! ,i/hmus1 & ! few t h be5 br\ght !re h be5 s segregat$ t no infection has result$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fumigation ,,brigade ,:5 ! memb]s ( ?is comm& f9i%$ ) a di/rict 9 ,panama ! mosquito 0 done = ,x 01 h[ev]1 :5 ! epidemic 0 at its height t ,mr4 ,wallace return$ f ,wa%+ton to ! ,i/hmus4 ,almo/ imm$iately he cabl$ ask+ to be recall$ & ! ,presid5t1 ) a premonition ( imp5d+ tr\ble1 s direct$4 ,on rea*+ ,new ,york he met ! !n ,secret>y ( ,w>1 aft]w>ds ,presid5t1 ,william ,h[>d ,taft1 to :om he express$ dissatisfaction ) ! situation & ask$ to be reliev$ at ! e>lie/ possible mom5t4 ,secret>y ,taft decl9$ to consid] 8 fur!r association ) ! canal1 = a mom5t1 dem&$ t 8 resignation take effect at once & reproa*$ him = ab&on+ ! "w 9 words t /ung1 & :i* :5 reit]at$ 9 a lett] & publi%$ ! next day put ! retir+ eng9e] 9 a mo/ un5viable position4 ,f ?is position he nev] extricat$ himself4 ,p]haps ! fe> ( ! fev]1 ( :i* he ?\ght he himself _h a slight attack1 %ook 8 n]ve4 ,p]haps1 z ! un*>itable ?\ght & ! ,secret>y flatly *>g$1 a bett] position _h (f]$ itself j z he _h become morally b\nd to f9i% ! canal "w4 ,or p]haps he conclud$ 9 ! "t he _h = cool reflection on ! voyage to ,panama t ! rem$ies (f]$ = ! r$ tape1 divid$ au?ority & delay t _h s h&icapp$ him 7 inadequate4 ,8 communication to ! press at ! "t 0 unconv9c+4 ,! faire/ c\rse to pursue 9 ! matt] is to accept ,mr4 ,wallace's own /atem5t made to a congressional inve/igat+ committee ne>ly a ye> lat]1 9 answ] to a "q z to ! cause ( 8 resignation3 ,illu/ration3 ,,typical ,,scre5$ ,,h\ses 8,my reason 01 t ,i 0 made jo9tly responsible ) ,mr4 ,%onts & ,mr4 ,magoon = "w on ! canal1 :ile ,mr4 ,%onts _h a v]bal agreem5t ) ! ,presid5t t he %\ld h a free re9 9 ! managem5t ( all matt]s4 ,i felt ,mr4 ,%onts 0 n z well qualifi$ z ,i 0 ei!r z a bus9ess man or an adm9i/rator1 & he 0 n an eng9e]4444 ,i ?\ght x bett] to sacrifice my ambitions reg>d+ ?is "w1 :i* 0 to be ! cr[n+ ev5t ( my life1 ?an rema9 to be humiliat$1 =c$ to disobey ord]s1 or create friction40 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,/reet ,,aft] ,,pav+ ,be=e pav+ x 0 ( ! sort %[n on page #ci ,! ,wallace resignation 0 at ! mom5t mo/ un=tunate4 ,!re _h = mon?s be5 an almo/ conc]t$ ef=t on ! "p ( a l>ge & influ5tial section ( ! press1 & ( m5 hav+ ! public e> to decry ! me?ods adopt$ at ,panama1 to criticize ! m5 engag$ 9 ! "w & to magnify ! ob/acles to be ov]come4 ,p]haps ?is *orus ( detraction 0 /imulat$ 9 "p by advocates ( ! ,nic>agua r\te hop+ to reop5 t controv]sy4 ,probably ! transcont95tal railroads1 want+ no canal at all1 _h a great deal to d ) x4 ,at any rate x 0 l\d & insi/5t & ! m5 on ! ,i/hmus 7 s]i\sly affect$ by x4 ,!y knew by ,mr4 ,wallace's long abs5ce t "s tr\ble 0 brew+ 9 ,wa%+ton4 ,8 sudd5 dep>ture aga9 aft] 8 return f ! capital & ! rumor t he _h det]m9$ to take a m pr(itable place add$ to ! unre/4 ,probably ! r sev]e lett] ( dismissal ) :i* ,secret>y ,taft met ! ,*ief ,eng9e]'s lett] ( resignation1 & ! in/antane\s appo9tm5t 9 8 place ( ,john ,f4 ,/ev5s1 long associat$ ) ,james ,j4 ,hill 9 railroad build+1 at a sal>y #ejjj a ye> great]1 0 ! be/ tonic = ! tir$ feel+ ( ^? on ! ,i/hmus4 ,x indicat$ t ! ,presid5t ?\ght ^? :o _h accept$ positions ( comm& on ! ,canal ,zone _h enli/$ = ! w>1 & t !y c\ld n des]t 9 ! face ( ! enemy )\t a prop] rebuke4 ,x %[$ fur!rmore t ! loss ( "o man w\ld n be p]mitt$ to demoralize ! s]vice1 b t ! cry famili> on ! l9e ( battle 8,close up6 ,close up1 m56 ,=w>d06 0 to be ! rally+ cry 9 ! attack on ! hills ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/ockade ,,= ,,petty ,,canal ,,zone ,,(f5d]s ,despite ! un=tunate circum/ances att5d+ ,mr4 ,wallace's retirem5t1 8 "w _h be5 good1 s f> z x w5t4 ,9 (fice a little m ?an a ye> he _h sp5t m ?an ?ree mon?s ( ! "t 9 ,wa%+ton or at sea4 ,b he _h made m ?an a beg9n+ 9 sy/ematiz+ ! "w1 9 repair+ ! railroad1 9 r5ovat+ ! old ma*9]y & actually mak+ 8! dirt fly04 ,( t objectionable sub/ance--on ! l9e ( ! canal1 if any:]e1 !y applaud ! def9ition 8dirt is matt] out ( place0--he _h excavat$ #gdd1fdd y>ds4 ,n mu* ( a %[+ judg$ by ! records ( #aiac1 b excell5t = ! ma*9]y available 9 #aije4 ,! fir/ /eam %ovel 0 in/all$ dur+ 8 rgime & be=e he left n9e 7 work+4 ,! surveys1 "u 8 direction1 7 ( great advantage to 8 successor :o nev] fail$ to ackn[l$ge _! m]it4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hospital ,,build+s1 ,,unit$ ,,fruit ,,co4 ,mr4 ,/ev5s1 :o rea*$ ! canal1 adopt$ at ! outset ! wise det]m9ation to r$uce con/ruction "w to ! m9imum & conc5trate ef=t on complet+ arrangem5ts = h\s+ & fe$+ ! army ( work]s :i* might be expect$ z soon z ! int]m9able "q ( ! sea level or lock canal c\ld be f9ally det]m9$4 ,f 8 adm9i/ration dates mu* ( ! good "w done 9 ! organization ( ! ,commiss>y & ,subsi/5ce ,dep>tm5t1 & ! developm5t ( ! railroad4 ,! inducem5t ( free qu>t]s add$ to high wages to attract work]s also orig9at$ ) him4 ,at ! same "t ,gov4 ,magoon 0 work+ ov] ! details ( civil adm9i/ration1 ! s*ools1 c\rts1 police sy/em & road build+4 ,! really fundam5tal "w ( canal build+1 ! prep>ation ( ! gr\nd = ! edifice yet to be erect$1 made great =w>d /rides at ?is p]iod4 ,b ! actual record ( excavation 0 b small4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,beg9n+ ,,! ,,new ,,docks1 ,,cri/obal ,"o reason = ?is 0 ! hesitation ov] ! type ( canal to be adopt$4 ,x is obvi\s t sev]al hundr$ ?\s& cubic y>ds ( dirt dug out ( a dit* h to be dump$ some:]e4 ,if deposit$ at "o place ! dump w\ld be 9 ! way ( a sea-level canal :ile advantage\s = ! lock type4 ,at ano!r spot ?is condition w\ld be rev]s$4 ,already ! ,am]icans _h be5 compell$ to move a second "t a lot ( spoil :i* ! ,fr5* _h excavat$1 & :i*1 "u ! ,am]ican plans1 0 9 dang] ( fall+ back into ,culebra ,cut4 8,z a gift ( prophecy is )held f u 9 ^! latt] days10 wrote ,/ev5s pla9tively 9 ref]5ce to ! vacillation conc]n+ ! plans1 8all we c d n[ is to make su* arrangem5ts z may look prop] z f> ahead z we c see40 ,presid5t ,roosevelt mean:ile 0 do+ all he c\ld to ha/5 det]m9ation ( ! problem4 ,j be=e ! appo9tm5t ( ,mr4 ,/ev5s he appo9t$ an ,int]national ,bo>d ( ,advisory ,eng9e]s1 five be+ =eign & n9e ,am]ican1 to exam9e into ! subject & make recomm5dations4 ,!y _h be=e !m a multiplicity ( e/imates ^u :i* to base _! recomm5dations & x may be not$ eight ye>s aft] ! ev5t t n "o ( ! e/imates came )9 "o hundr$ million doll>s ( ! actual co/4 ,f :i* x appe>s t :5 a nation und]takes a great public "w x enc\nt]s ! same f9ancial disillusionm5ts t come to ! "y homebuild] :5 he sets out to build him a h\se f ar*itect's plans gu>ante$ to keep ! co/ )9 a fix$ am\nt4 ,poor ,de ,lesseps e/imat$ ! co/ ( a sea-level canal at #aca1jjj1jjj1 ?\gh x is fair to say = ! ,fr5* eng9e]s ^: "w is s g5]ally applaud$ by our own t _! e/imate 0 sev]al million doll>s high]4 ,! fam\s ,int]national ,congress _h e/imat$ ! co/ ( a sea-level canal at #bdj1jjj1jjj4 ,9 fact ! ,fr5* sp5t #bfj1jjj1jjj & excavat$ ab\t #hj1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds ( e>?6 ,!n came on our e/imators4 ,! ,spoon] act airily au?oriz$ #ace1jjj1jjj = a canal ( any type1 & is /ill 9 =ce ?\gh we h already sp5t twice t am\nt4 ,! ,walk] ,commission fix$ ! co/ ( a sea-level canal ) a dam at ,alhajuela & a tide lock at ,miraflores at #bdj1jjj1jjj4 ,! majority ( ,presid5t ,roosevelt's ,bo>d ( ,advisory ,eng9e]s report$ 9 favor ( a sea-level canal & e/imat$ its co/ at #bej1jjj1jjj2 ! m9ority decl>$ = a lock canal fix+ its co/ 89 r\nd numb]s0 at #adj1jjj1jjj4 ,eng9e] ,wallace put ! co/ ( a sea-level canal at #cjj1jjj1jjj exclusive ( ! #ej1jjj1jjj paid = ! ,canal ,zone4 ,col4 ,goe?als came 9 9 #aijh1 ) ! advantage ( "s ye>s ( actual con/ruction1 & fix$ ! co/ ( ! sea-level canal at #efc1jjj1jjj & ! lock type at #cge1jjj1jjj4 ,he guesses be/ :o guesses la/1 b x may be sugge/$ 9 ! v]nacul> ( ! /reets t ev5 ,col4 ,goe?als 8_h ano!r guess com+04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,back ,,/reet ,,9 ,,colon ,?is /reet is z clean & well pav$ z any 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,on all ^! e/imates ! mo/ illum9at+ comm5t is furni%$ by ! ,(ficial ,h&book ( ! ,panama ,canal = #aiac %[+ total exp5ditures to ,novemb] #a1 #aiab1 ( #bgj1fbe1fbd exclusive ( =tification exp5ditures4 ,! ,congressional appropriations to ! same date1 all ( :i* 7 probably utiliz$ by midsumm] ( #aiac1 7 #cbb1eea1ddh4gf4 ,! action ( 8 ,advisory ,bo>d put ,presid5t ,roosevelt = ! mom5t 9 an emb>rass+ position4 ,a sw++ majority decl>$ = a sea-level canal1 & ev5 :5 ! influ5ce ( ,eng9e] ,/ev5s1 :o 0 n a memb] ( ! ,bo>d1 0 ex]t$ = ! lock type x left ! advocates ( t =m ( canal /ill 9 ! m9ority4 ,to ask a body ( em95t sci5ti/s to advise "o & !n h !m advise aga9/ "o's own convictions creates a p]plex+ situation4 ,b ,roosevelt 0 n "o to all[ consid]ations ( ?is sort to weigh mu* ) him :5 he _h det]m9$ a matt] 9 8 own m9d4 ,accord+ly he ?rew 8 influ5ce = ! lock type1 s5t a res\nd+ message to ,congress & _h ! satisfaction ( see+ 8 views approv$ by t body ,june #bi1 #aijf4 ,x _h be5 two ye>s & two mon?s s9ce ! ,am]icans came to ,panama1 & ?\gh at la/ ! =m ( canal 0 det]m9$ ^u !re are n lack+ today m5 ( high sci5tific & political /&+ :o hold t an error 0 made1 & t ultimately ! great locks w be ab&on$ & ! canal b$ br\ght d[n to tide wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/eam ,,%ovel ,,at ,,"w ,! ,am]icans on ! ,i/hmus n[ got fairly into _! /ride4 ,det]m9ation ( ! type ( canal at once det]m9$ ! ne$ = ! ,gatun ,dam1 spillway & locks4 ,x necessitat$ ! %ift+ ( ! roadb$ ( ! ,panama railroad z ! orig9al b$ w\ld be cov]$ by ! new lake4 ,! developm5t ( ! commiss>y sy/em :i* suppli$ e ?+ ne$ful = ! daily life ( ! employee1 ! e/abli%m5t ( qu>t]s1 ! creation ( a public s*ool sy/em1 7 all well "u way4 ,!n arose a new issue :i* split ! second ,commission & aga9 ?reat5$ to turn ?+s topsy-turvy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,balboa ,,road ,! trolley l9e %[n w ext5d f ,balboa1 ?r\gh ,panama & ,ancon to ! ru9s ( ,old ,panama ,*airman ,%onts1 himself a build] ( long exp]i5ce & well accu/om$ to deal+ ) contractors1 0 firmly ( ! op9ion t ! canal c\ld be/ be built by lett+ contracts to private bidd]s = ! "w4 ,9 ?is he 0 oppos$ by mo/ ( 8 associates1 & p>ticul>ly by ,mr4 ,/ev5s :o _h be5 work+ h>d & effici5tly to build up an organization t w\ld be capable ( build+ ! canal )\t ! int]position ( private contractors look+ = p]sonal pr(it4 ,! employees on ! ,zone1 naturally en\gh1 7 ) ,/ev5s to a man1 & "t has %[n t he & !y 7 "r4 ,!re is some?+ ab\t work+ = ! nation t /irs a man's loyalty z m]e private employm5t nev] c4 ,b 9 ?is in/ance ,mr4 ,%onts 0 9 ,wa%+ton1 conv5i5t to ! e> ( ! ,presid5t :ile ,mr4 ,/ev5s 0 on ! ,zone4 ,accord+ly ! ,presid5t approv$ ( ! ,*airman's plan1 & direct$ ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 ,mr4 ,taft1 to adv]tise = bids4 ,mr4 ,/ev5s 0 discont5t$ & %[$ x4 ,t 8 judgm5t w\ld be ju/ifi$ 9 ! end he c\ld n "k4 ,t x _h be5 set aside = ! mom5t he 0 ke5ly aw>e1 & t he 0 be+ h>ass$ by ,congress & by innum]able rules su* z no vet]an railroad build] _h ev] be5 subject$ to did n add to 8 com=t4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,drill ,,b>ge ,,at ,,"w ,! sea & tidal wat]s are und]laid ) coral rock necessitat+ mu* subm>9e bla/+ ,8 compla9ts to ! ,secret>y ( ,w> 7 _m1 & n ( a sort to contribute to t (ficial's peace ( m9d4 ,:5 ! bids came 9 f ! w\ld-be contractors !y 7 all reject$ on ! gr\nd t !y did n con=m to ! specifications1 b ! real reason 0 t ! ,presid5t at he>t did n believe 9 t me?od ( do+ ! "w1 & 0 sure t ! c\ntry agre$ ) him4 ,?is %\ld h allay$ ,mr4 ,/ev5s' ris+ discont5t4 ,x c]ta9ly (f5d$ ,*airman ,%onts1 :o /ood = ! contract sy/em1 & :5 ! bids 7 reject$ & t sy/em set aside promptly resign$4 ,! ,presid5t !reupon consolidat$ ! (fices ( ,*airman ( ! ,commission & ,*ief ,eng9e] 9 "o1 ,mr4 ,/ev5s be+ appo9t$ t "o4 ,giv5 ?us practically unlimit$ p[] ,mr4 ,/ev5s might h be5 expect$ to be pr(\ndly cont5t$ ) ! situation4 ,in/ead he too resign$ on ! fir/ ( ,april1 #aijg4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,s4 ,h4 ,elliott ,,pacific ,,entrance ,,to ,,! ,,canal ,ab\t 8 resignation z ab\t t ( ,mr4 ,wallace !re has always be5 a c]ta9 am\nt ( my/]y4 ,he himself made no explanation ( 8 act1 ?\gh 8 fri5ds conjectur$ t he 0 n :olly 9 h>mony ) ! ,presid5t's plan to aboli% ! civilian commission altoge!r1 & fill its po/s by appo9tm5ts f ! ,army & ,navy4 ,on ! ,i/hmus !re is a /ory t he did n int5d to resign at all4 ,alb]t ,edw>ds1 :o he>d ! /ory e>ly1 tells x ?us3 8,"o ( ! canal employees1 :o 0 on v fri5dly t]ms ) ,/ev5s1 came into 8 (fice & f\nd him 9 ! be/ ( spirits4 ,:5 ! bus9ess 9 h& 0 complet$ he said jovially3 8#8,read ?is4 ,i've j be5 eas+ my m9d to ,t4 ,r4 ,x's a hot "o--isn't x8' ,& he h&$ ov] ! c>bon copy ( 8 lett]4 ,8 visitor read x ) great s]i\sness4 8#8,mr4 ,/ev5s'1 he said1 #8t is ! same z a resignation'4 8,& ,/ev5s laugh$4 8#8,:y1 ,i've said t k9d ( ?+ to ! ,colonel a doz5 times4 ,he kn[s ,i don't mean to quit ?is job'4 8,b ab\t ?ree h\rs aft] ! lett] rea*$ ,wa%+ton ,mr4 ,/ev5s receiv$ a cablegram3 #8,y\r resignation accept$'04 ,at any rate ! ,/ev5s resignation call$ =? no su* explosive retort z _h be5 direct$ aga9/ ! unhappy ,wallace1 & he %[$ no lat] signs ( irritation1 b came to ! def5se ( 8 successor 9 a lett] /rongly approv+ ! con/ruction ( c]ta9 locks & dams :i* 7 = ! mom5t ! t>gets ( g5]al public criticism4 ,two weeks be=e ,/ev5s resign$ ! o!r memb]s ( ! ,commission1 except+ ,col4 ,gorgas1 9 response to a h9t f ! ,presid5t _h s5t 9 _! resignations4 ,mr4 ,roosevelt _h det]m9$ t h5ce=w>d ! "w %\ld be done by army & navy (fic]s1 tra9$ to g :]e ! "w 0 to be done & to /ay !re until recall$2 m5 :o _h ent]$ ! s]vice ( ! nation = life & 7 n look+ ab\t con/antly to 8bett] _! conditions04 ,he _h det]m9$ fur!r t ! gov]nm5t %\ld be ! sole contractor1 ! only employ]1 ! exclusive payma/]1 l&lord & purveyor ( all t 0 ne$ful on ! ,zone4 ,9 %ort he _h plann$ = ! ,canal ,zone a =m ( adm9i/ration :i* came to be call$ sociali/ic & gave cold *ills to ^? :o /& 9 dread ( t doctr9e4 ,to c>ry out ^! purposes he appo9t$ on ,april #a1 #aijg1 ! foll[+ commission3 ,lieut4-,col4 ,george ,w4 ,goe?als1 ,*airman & ,*ief ,eng9e]1 ,major ,d4 ,d4 ,gaill>d1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 ,major ,william ,l4 ,sib]t1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 ,mr4 ,h4 ,h4 ,r\sseau1 ,u4 ,s4 ,n41 ,col4 ,w4 ,c4 ,gorgas1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 ,m$ical ,corps1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,c4 ,s4 ,blackburn1 ,mr4 ,jackson ,smi?1 ,mr4 ,joseph ,buckl9 ,bi%op1 ,secret>y4 ,a majority ( ?is commission 0 9 (fice at ! "t ( publication ( ?is book1 & gave evid5ces ( /ick+ to ! job until its completion4 ,s5ator ,blackburn resign$ 9 #aiaj & 0 succe$$ by ,hon4 ,maurice ,h4 ,?at*]1 also ( ,k5tucky2 & ,mr4 ,smi? retir$ 9 favor ( ,lieut4 ,col4 ,hodges 9 #aijh4 ,9 ,june1 #aiac1 ,commission] ,?at*] resign$ & 0 succe$$ by ,ri*>d ,l4 ,metcalfe ( ,nebraska4 ,) ! creation ( ?is commission began ! =ceful & conclusive adm9i/ration ( ,col4 ,goe?als1 ! man :o f9i%$ ! canal4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,col4 ,,goe?als ,,at ,,! ,,?rottle ,! visitor to ! ,canal ,zone ab\t #aiac c\ld h>dly sp5d a day 9 t bu/l+ community )\t becom+ aw>e ( "s mighty pot5tate n at all my/]i\s1 b omnipres5t & seem+ly omnisci5t1 to :om all matt]s at issue 7 ref]r$1 to :om no?+ 0 secret1 ^: ^w 0 law & )\t ^: c\nt5ance ! m]e pres5ce ( a visitor on ! ,zone 0 impossible4 ,! phrases mo/ 9 use 7 8see ! ,colonel10 8ask ! ,colonel0 & 8! ,colonel says04 ,if !re _h be5 a well-conduct$ newspap] on ! ,zone ^! phrases w\ld h be5 ca/ 9 slugs 9 its compos+ room = repeat$ & ready use4 ,no ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 n ev5 ,l9coln 9 w> times1 ex]t$ ! au?ority he daily employ$ 9 ! z5i? ( 8 p[]4 ,! aggriev$ wife appeal$ to 8 (fices = ! correction ( h] m>ital woes1 & ! corporation ) a #fjj1jjj /eam crane to sell talk$ ov] its *>act]i/ics ) ! ,colonel4 ,he c\ld turn f a vex$ "q ( adju/+ ! "w ( ! /eam %ovels to a new slide 9 ! ,culebra ,cut1 to compose ! diff]5ces ( rival danc+ clubs ov] dates at ! ,tivoli ,hotel ball-room4 ,on all controv]t$ que/ions !re 0 b "o c\rt ( la/ resort4 ,z an ,i/hmian poeta/] put x3 8,see ,colonel ,goe?als1 tell ,colonel ,goe?als1 ,x's ! only "r & prop] ?+ to d4 ,j write a lett]1 or ev5 bett] ,arrange a little ,sunday int]view04 ,eng9e] ,/ev5s 9 a spee* made at ! mom5t ( 8 retirem5t be=e a local club ( work]s said3 8,y don't ne$ me any long]4 ,all y h to d n[ is to dig a dit*4 ,:at y want is a /atesman04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,col4 ,,goe?als ,,at ,,8 ,,desk ,a /atesman 0 f\nd & 8 f9d+ exemplifies /rik+ly ! fact t :5 a great ne$ arises ! man to meet x is always at h&1 ?\gh frequ5tly 9 obscurity4 ,major ,george ,w4 ,goe?als ( ! ,g5]al ,/aff1 /ation$ at ,wa%+ton 0 f> f be+ 9 ! public eye4 ,anyone :o kn[s 8 ,wa%+ton well kn[s t ! ,g5]al ,/aff is a sort ( g5]al pun*+ bag = (fic]s ( ! ,army :o _c get appo9tm5ts to x1 & = newspap] correspond5ts :o are fond ( describ+ its memb]s z fu/y bureaucrats giv5 to loll+ 9 ! ,army & ,navy ,club :ile ! ,army s9ks to ! level ( a m]e ill-ord]$ militia4 ,b ev5 9 ?is position ,major ,goe?als _h n atta9$ suffici5t em95ce to h be5 made a t>get = ! sl+s & arr[s ( j\rnali/ic criticism4 ,z a memb] ( ! ,bo>d ( ,=tifications1 h[ev]1 he _h attract$ ! att5tion ( ,secret>y ,taft1 & ?r\gh him _h be5 br\ght into p]sonal relations ) ,presid5t ,roosevelt4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,railway ,,/ation ,,at ,,gatun ,! ,panama ,railroad is be+ equipp$ ) /ations & roll+ /ock ( ! fir/-class ,( c\rse :5 a man has 8made good0 ev]ybody is quick to disc]n 9 him ! qualities :i* compel success4 ,b ,roosevelt mu/ h be5 able to discov] !m 9 ! /ill unte/$ ,goe?als1 = :5 ! ,/ev5s resignation rea*$ ,wa%+ton ! ,presid5t at once turn$ to him ) ! rem>k1 8,i've tri$ two civilians 9 ! ,canal & !y've bo? quit4 ,we c't build ! canal ) a new *ief eng9e] e ye>4 ,n[ ,i'm go+ to give x to ! ,army & to somebody :o c't quit40 ,john ,f4 ,/ev5s resign$ ,april #a1 #aijg1 & on ! same day ,col4 ,goe?als became ,*ief ,eng9e] ( ! ,panama ,canal1 & ! supreme arbit] ( ! de/9ies ( all m5 & ?+s on ! ,canal ,zone4 ,ev]ybody ) a lit]>y turn ( m9d :o goes d[n !re describes him z ! ,b5evol5t ,despot1 & t crabb$ old philosoph] ,?omas ,c>lyle w\ld be va/ly int]e/$ c\ld he b see h[ ! b5evol5t despotism :i* he describ$ z ideal b impossible is work+ successfully d[n 9 ! semi-civiliz$ tropics4 ,be=e describ+ 9 detail ,col4 ,goe?als' great "w1 ! digg+ ( ! canal1 let me relate "s incid5ts :i* %[ :at mann] ( man x 0 t took ! re9s :5 ! ,am]icans on ! dit* swung into _! w9n+ /ride4 ,?is is ! way !y tell "o /ory on ! ,i/hmus3 ,a some:at fussy & pa9fully p]turb$ man bu/l$ into ! (fice ( ,col4 ,goe?als "o morn+ & plung$ into 8 tale ( woe4 8,n[ ,i got t lett] ( y\rs1 ,colonel01 he began b /opp$ !re *eck$ by a cold gaze f ^? quiet blue eyes4 8,i beg y\r p>don01 said ! ,colonel suavely1 8b y mu/ be mi/ak54 ,i h writt5 y no lett]04 8,oh1 yes1 ,colonel1 x 0 ab\t t "w d[n at ,miraflores04 8,oh1 ,i see4 ,y spoke a little inaccurately4 ,y meant y receiv$ my ord]s1 n a lett]4 ,y h ! ord]s1 s t matt] is settl$4 ,0 !re any?+ else y wi%$ to talk ) me ab\t08 ,b ! visitor's topic ( conv]sation _h be5 summ>ily exhau/$ &1 some:at aba%$1 he fad$ away4 ,illu/ration3 ,,presid5t ,,taft ,,arrives ,& aga93 ,a high (ficial ( ! ,i/hmian ,commission _h be5 some:at abruptly translat$ f ! ,wa%+ton (fice to ,ancon4 ,!re 0 no h\se suitable = 8 occupancy & ! ,colonel ord]$ "o built to be ready1 let u say1 ,octob] fir/4 ,mean:ile ! prospective t5ant & 8 family abode at ! ,tivoli ,hotel :i*1 ev5 to "o enjoy+ ! r$uc$ rates grant$ to employees1 is no inexp5sive spot4 ,along ab\t ! middle ( ,augu/ he began to get appreh5sive4 ,a few f\ndation pill>s 7 all t 0 to be se5 ( ! twelve-room h\se1 ( ! type allott$ to memb]s ( ! ,commission1 :i* 0 to be 84 ,he spoke ( 8 fe>s to ! ,colonel at lun* "o day4 ,illu/ration3 ,,col4 ,,goe?als ,,review+ ,,! ,,m>9es ,,at ,,camp ,,elliott 8,let's walk ov] to ! site & see01 rem>k$ t g5tleman calmly4 ,x may be not$ 9 pass+ t walk+ ov] & see+ is "o ( ! ,colonel's favorite /unts4 ,!re are mighty few1 if any1 po9ts on ! ,canal ,zone :i* he has n walk$ ov] & se51 ) ! result t 8 k ( ! progress ( ! "w is n only precise b p]sonal4 ,b to return to ! h\se a-build+4 ,on arrival !re ?ree or f\r workm5 7 f\nd plugg+ away 9 a leisurely mann] "u ! eye ( a =eman to :om ! ,colonel /raightway address$ himself1 8,y und]/& ! ord]s relative to ?is job08 he said to ! =eman1 t5tatively4 8,oh1 yes1 ,colonel01 respond$ t function>y *e]fully1 8x is ord]$ = ,octob] fir/1 & we are go+ to d our v be/04 8,p>don me01 bl&ly b ) a suspicion ( satire1 8,i 0 afraid y did n und]/& ! ord] & ,i see ,i 0 "r4 ,y\r ord] is to h ?is h\se ready = occupancy ,octob] fir/4 ,!re isn't any?+ said ab\t do+ y\r be/4 ,! h\se is to be f9i%$ at ! "t fix$04 ,illu/ration3 ,,presid5t ,,taft ,,& 8,,! ,,colonel0 ,turn+1 ! ,colonel walk$ away1 giv+ no he$ to ! ef=t ( ! =eman to reop5 ! conv]sation4 ,next day t individual call$ on ! prospective t5ant4 8,say01 he began +ratiat+ly1 8y don't really ne$ to be 9 t h\se ,octob] fir/1 d y8 ,w\ld a few days m or less make any diff]5ce to y08 8,n a bit04 8,well1 !n01 *e]+ up1 8won't y j tell ! ,colonel a little delay won't bo!r y08 8,n ,i6 ,i want to /ay on ?is ,i/hmus4 ,if y want to try to get ! ,colonel's ord]s *ang$ y d x4 ,b none ( t = me04 ,& ! day be=e ! "t fix$ ! h\se 0 turn$ ov] complete4 ,x is fair to say h[ev] t p]emptory z is ,col4 ,goe?als 9 8 ord]s1 & implacable 9 8 insi/5ce on lit]al ob$i5ce1 he yields to ! ord]s ( ^? :o rank him precisely :at he exacts f ^? :om he comm&s4 ,! foll[+ dialogue f a he>+ be=e ! ,h\se ,committee on ,appropriations w illu/rate my po9t4 ,! subject matt] 0 ! new ,wa%+ton ,hotel at ,colon4 8,! ,*airman3 ,did y ev] inquire into ! "r ( ! ,panama ,railroad ,company1 "u ! laws ( ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york1 to g into ! hotel bus9ess8 8,col4 ,goe?als3 ,no sir2 ,i got an ord] f ! ,presid5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to build t hotel & ,i built x04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,big ,,guns ,,= ,,canal ,,def5ce ,! upp] "p %[s a #af-;in* rifle be+ te/$ at ,s&y ,hook4 ,! gun1 :i* is ( ! type adopt$ = ! ,canal def5ses1 ?r[s a #b1djj p\nd %ell to an extreme range ( #bb miles4 ,x c\ld drop a %ell into ,wall ,/reet f ,s&y ,hook4 ,"o %ell /rik+ a battle%ip fairly w\ld put h] out ( bus9ess4 ,! l[] "p ( picture %[s comp>ative size ( ! gun ,illu/ration3 ,,col4 ,,goe?als ,,enc\rages ,,! ,,national ,,game ,?is milit>y habit ( absolute comm& & implicit ob$i5ce is n att5d$ 9 ,col4 ,goe?als' case ) any ( :at civilians are accu/om$ to call 8fuss & fea!rs04 ,on ! ,zone he 0 nev] se5 9 uni=m1 & x is said1 inde$1 t he br\ght none to ,panama4 ,8 m9d 9 fact is t ( ! ma/]1 n ( ! m>t9et4 ,if he compels ob$i5ce1 he comm&s respect & seems to inspire real affection4 ,9 a /ay ( "s weeks at ,panama dur+ :i* "t ,i associat$ intimately ) m5 9 e grade ( ! ,commission's s]vice ,i he>d n "o ^w ( criticism ( 8 judgm5t1 8 me?ods or ev5 8 p]sonality4 ,?is is ! m rem>kable :5 x is consid]$ h[ intimately 8 au?ority is conc]n$ ) ! p]sonal life ( ! ,i/hmian employees4 ,if "o wi%es to write a magaz9e article p]ta9+ to ! ,canal ,zone ! manuscript mu/ be submitt$ to ! ,colonel4 ,if compla9t is to be made ( a faulty h\se1 or bad commiss>y s]vice1 or a neglig5t doctor1 or a c>eless (ficial 9 any position x is made to ! ,colonel4 ,he is ! ,h>\n al ,ras*id ( all ! ,zone f ,cri/obal to ,ancon4 ,to 8 p]sonal c\rts ( compla9t1 held ,sunday morn+s :5 all ! rema9d] ( ! canal colony is at re/1 come all sorts & conditions ( employees ) e imag9able grievance4 ,! c\rt is :olly in(ficial b t]ribly effective4 ,!re is no uni=m$ bailiff ) 8 cry ( 8,he> ye6 ,he> ye06 ,no %]iff ) j+l+ h&cuffs4 ,b ! ord]s ( t c\rt1 ?\gh n regi/]$ 9 any calf-b\nd law books = ! use ( g5]ations ( lawy]s1 are obey$1 or1 if n obey$1 en=c$4 ,be=e ?is judge any ( ! ne>ly #ej1jjj p liv+ "u 8 jurisdiction1 speak+ #de diff]5t languages1 & citiz5s 9 _m cases ( nations ?\s&s ( miles away1 may come ) any grievance h[ev] small4 ,! c\rt is held ( a ,sunday s z n to int]f]e ) ! "w ( ! compla9ants1 = y w f9d t on ! ,zone ! prime consid]ation ( e act is to avoid int]f]5ce ) "w4 ,! ,colonel he>s ! compla9ts pati5tly1 aw>ds judgm5t promptly & sees t x is en=c$4 ,!re is no sy/em ( con/itutional *ecks & balances 9 8 doma94 ,he is ! legislative1 judicial & executive bran*es 9 "o--or to put x less te*nically b m und]/&ably1 :at ! ,colonel says goes4 ,x is1 ,i ?9k1 little less ?an m>vel\s t a man 9 ! cont9ual ex]cise ( su* a p[] %\ld awak5 s little criticism z he4 ,x is true t ^? :o displease him he may summ>ily deport1 ?us effectually /ill+ any local clamor aga9/ 8 policy1 b ,i am unable to discov] t he has misus$1 or ev5 (t5 us$1 ?is p[]4 ,a "y man comes 9 ) an important problem affect+ ! social life ( ! ,zone4 ,8 p>ticul> danc+ club desires to use ! ball room at ! ,tivoli ,hotel on a c]ta9 night1 b ! room 0 engag$ = t date & ! o!r nights sugge/$ did n fit ! conv5i5ce ( ! club1 s !re 0 no?+ to d b to put x up to ! ,colonel1 :o put aside ! responsibilities ( ! head ( a #djj1jjj1jjj canal job & ,presid5t ( ! ,panama ,railway to fix a date :]eon ! "y folk ( t aspir+ social club might ,turkey trot & ,tango to _! he>ts' cont5t4 ,s f> z ,i "k ! ,colonel has n yet be5 appeal$ to by ! morali/s ( ! ,zone to c5sor ! dances4 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,fr5* ,,ladd] ,,dr$ges ,,/ill ,,us$ ,tr\bles betwe5 workm5 & _! bosses ( c\rse make up a consid]able %>e ( ! bus9ess be=e ! c\rt4 ,once a man came 9 ) an evid5t air ( hav+ be5 ill-us$4 ,he _h be5 dis*>g$ & ! ,colonel promptly inquir$ :y4 8,because ,i c't play baseball01 0 ! surpris+ response ( ! dis*>g$ "o1 :o _h be5 a /eam%ovel]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,colonel',s ,,daily ,,/roll ,x appe>$ on inquiry t ! drill m5 _h *all5g$ ! /eam%ovel]s to a mat* at ! national game1 & dire appreh5sions ( defeat fill$ ! m9ds ( ! latt] because !y _h no pit*]4 ,at ?is juncture !re provid5tially appe>$ a man seek+ a job :o 0 a sci5tific twirl] :e!r he knew mu* ab\t /eam%ovel+ or n4 ,! ,am]ican sport+ _s 0 ar\s$4 ,! man ) ! job :o c\ldn't pit* lo/ x to ! man :o c\ld b _h no job4 ,s he came to ! ,colonel ) 8 tale ( woe4 ,n[ t sagaci\s ,*ief ,eng9e] kn[s t ! ,am]ican sport+ _s is "o ( ! great =ces to be reli$ ^u = ! completion ( ! canal4 ,! same s5tim5t :i* l$ ! %ovel]s to use e device to d[n ! drill]s at baseball w\ld animate !m :5 !y 7 call$ to fight ) ! next slide = possession ( ,culebra ,cut4 ,"s employ]s w\ld h s5t ! man back to 8 boss ) a curt ord] ( re9/atem5t--& ! %ovel]s w\ld h lo/ ! game & some?+ ( _! _s4 ,s aft] a mom5t ( reflection ! ,colonel said quietly to ! man3 8,!y want %ovel]s on ! ,pacific end4 ,g ov] !re 9 ! morn+ & g to "w04 ,! feudal au?ority1 ! patri>*al p[] :i* ,col4 ,goe?als possesses ov] ! means ( livelihood ( e man on ! ,zone1 nay m1 ov] _! v "r to /ay on ! ,zone at all1 gives to 8 decisions m imm$iate effect ?an att5ds ^? ( a c\rt4 ,! man :o incurs 8 displeasure may lose 8 job1 be ou/$ f 8 lodg+s & deport$ f ! ,i/hmus if ! ,colonel s decrees4 ,a ,jamaican negress came 9 to compla9 t h] husb& took h] e>n+s away f h]2 w\ld n "w himself b liv$ & loaf$ on ! fruits ( h] indu/ry4 ,! ,colonel ord]$ ! man to all[ h] to keep h] e>n+s4 ,! man demurr$ say+ sull5ly t ! ,engli% law gave a husb& comm& ov] 8 wife's wages4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,side ,,drill ,,crew ,,at ,,"w 8,all "r10 said ! ,colonel1 8y're f ,jamaica4 ,i'll deport y bo? & y c get all ! ,engli% law y want04 ,! husb& paid back ! money he _h confiscat$ & ! pair /ay$4 ,family affairs are air$ 9 ! ,colonel's c\rt to a degree :i* mu/ some:at aba% t simple & direct w>rior4 ,:at ! dramati/s call 8! et]nal triangle0 is n unkn[n on ! ,zone1 nor is ! unscriptural practice ( covet+ y\r neighbor's wife :olly )\t illu/ration4 ,= su* situations ! ,colonel's rem$y is specific & swift--deportation ( ! "o t makes ! tr\ble4 ,sometimes ! deportation ( two has be5 f\nd ess5tial1 b :ile gossip ( ^! unt[>d incid5ts is pl5tiful 9 ! social circles ( ,culebra & ,ancon ! judge 9 ! case takes no "p 9 x4 ,x is n 9 me to write a "* sket* ( ,col4 ,goe?als4 ,t is r a task = "o :o has kn[n him intimately & has be5 able to obs]ve ! e>li] manife/ations ( ^? qualities t l$ ,presid5t ,roosevelt to select him z ! supreme *ief ( ! canal "w4 ,all 8 life he has be5 an army eng9e]1 hav+ a %ort respite f active "w 9 ! field :5 he 0 pr(essor ( eng9e]+ at ,we/ ,po9t4 ,=tifications & locks 7 8 specialties & =tifications & locks h engag$ 8 *ief att5tion s9ce he und]took ! ,panama job4 ,p]haps x is due to 8 int5sely milit>y attitude t ! public has ins5sibly come to look ^u ! canal 9 its quality z an aid to national def5se r ?an a /imulus to national comm]ce4 ,= ! ,colonel any discussion ( ! ne$ = =tify+ ! canal 0 ! m]e/ twaddle1 & he _h 8 way4 ,he begg$ long = a /&+ army ( #be1jjj m5 on ! ,zone1 b x is d\btful :e!r he w w9 ?is fight4 ,moreov] he w\ld s subord9ate all consid]ations to ! milit>y "o t he urges ! expulsion f ! ,zone ( all save canal employees t ! dang] ( betrayal may be less4 ,h[ f> t policy %all be approv$ by ,congress is yet to be det]m9$4 ,?us f> h[ev] ! ,colonel has h&l$ ,congress ) notable success & ev5 !re 8 dom9ant _s may yet triumph4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,colonel',s ,,fire ,,works ,a big bla/ 9 ,culebra ,cut4 ,9 "o ye> #bg1beb tons ( dynamite 7 us$ ,p[] on ! ,zone1 h[ev]1 autocratic & absolute1 ,col4 ,goe?als possesses4 ,x 0 conf]r$ on him =mally by ! ord] ( ,jan4 #f1 #aijh1 giv+ ! ,*airman au?ority to reorganize ! s]vice at 8 own discretion1 subject ( c\rse to review by ! ,presid5t or ,secret>y ( ,w>4 ,! fir/ effect ( ?is 0 ! abolition ( a l>ge li/ ( dep>tm5ts ) high s\nd+ names1 & conc5tration ( _! functions 9 ! qu>t]ma/]'s dep>tm5t ) ,major ,c4 ,a4 ,devol at its head4 ,! ,colonel develop$ 9 fact a rage = aboli%+ & conc5trat+ dep>tm5ts4 ,he did n g q z f> z ,n]o :o wi%$ t ,rome _h b "o neck t he might /rike (f its head at a bl[1 b he c]ta9ly r$uc$ ! numb] ( responsible *iefs to su* a po9t t x 0 easy to place ! fault if "w lagg$ or blund]s multipli$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,heavy ,,bla/ ,,"u ,,wat] ,col4 ,goe?als' fir/ annual report 0 issu$ aft] he _h be5 9 comm& only ?ree mon?s1 cov]+ !re=e n9e mon?s ( ! ,/ev5s adm9i/ration1 & 0 dat$ at ! end ( ! fiscal ye>1 ,june #cj1 #aijg4 ,he report$ t #hj p] c5t4 ( ! plant necess>y = complet+ ! "w 0 on ! gr\nd or _h be5 ord]$4 ,:5 he arriv$ ! high wat]-m>k = excavat+ 9 ,culebra ,cut 0 #ijj1jjj cubic y>ds a mon?1 & s9ce 8 rule began x has nev] fall5 bel[ ! million m>k1 except 9 ,may1 #aijh4 ,x may be not$ 9 pass+1 t dur+ ! fir/ two ye>s ( 8 adm9i/ration ! av]age = excavation along ! :ole l9e exce$$ ?ree million cubic y>ds a mon?4 ,dur+ ! :ole adm9i/ration ( ,messrs4 ,wallace & ,/ev5s only six million y>ds _h be5 remov$4 ,! contra/+ figures are giv5 n z reflect+ on ! e>li] eng9e]s1 b z indicat+ ! rapidity ) :i* ! equipm5t & effici5cy ( ! canal organization 7 increas$ :5 ! battle ( ! levels 0 end$ & ! civilian commission done away )4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,colonel',s ,,daily ,,meal ,9 ?is report ,col4 ,goe?als argu$ vigor\sly aga9/ turn+ ov] ! canal "w to private contractors--a matt] :i* ! ,presid5t _h ask$ him to report ^u 9 detail4 ,he po9t$ out t ! canal requir$ special equipm5t = :i* no contractor c\ld f9d use aft] ! expiration ( 8 contract & :i* !re=e ! gov]nm5t might j z well buy & own itself4 ,! =ce ( ?is argum5t became p>ticul>ly app>5t z ! "w approa*$ completion4 ,projects = ! utilization ( ! plant 7 s5t into ,congress f e section ( ! c\ntry4 ,x 0 /rongly urg$ t ! plant be s5t en bloc to ,alaska to build railroads & op5 t ri*1 b long %ut-9 t]ritory to settlem5t & developm5t4 ,o!r fri5ds ( ! reclamation s]vice urg$ t x be employ$ 9 dra9+ semi-subm]g$ l&s 9 ! ,mississippi ,valley & digg+ irrigat+ dit*es 9 ! ,s\?we/4 ,! floods ( ! spr+ ( #aiac caus$ an active dem& = its employm5t on ,ohio riv]s4 ,x is fair to note t ,mr4 ,/ev5s made ! fir/ en]getic fight = ! e/abli%m5t ( ! sy/em "u :i* ! gov]nm5t owns ?is colossal & almo/ invaluable plant1 :ile ,col4 ,goe?als' recomm5dation put ^u x ! f9al /amp ( (ficial approval4 ,?is act has importance :i* w long outlive ! con/ruction p]iod ( ! canal4 ,by ! "t t "w is complet$ x w h demon/rat$ beyond d\bt t ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t is p]fectly capable ( do+ its own con/ruction "w )\t ! int]v5tion ( private contractors2 t x n only c build ! bigge/ dam 9 ! _w1 erect ! mightie/ locks t ev] rais$ a %ip1 & dig a *annel ?r\gh ! backbone ( a cont95t1 b is q able to p]=m ! less] functions incid5t !reto4 ,x c1 & did1 successfully conduct hotels & a railroad & /eam%ip l9e1 ma9ta9 eat+-h\ses & furni% h\sehold supplies4 ,aft] ! ,panama exhibit x w take ei!r a brave or a s+ul>ly /upid man to prea* ! anci5t dread ( a pat]nali/ic gov]nm5t4 ,illu/ration3 8,,! ,,goe?als' ,,own0 ,,9 ,,action ,attack+ a /ronghold ( ! ,culebra ,slide ) a regim5t ( m5 & a batt]y ( ma*9es ,e>ly 9 ,col4 ,goe?als' rgime ! great dep>tm5t ( eng9e]+ & con/ruction 0 split into ?ree subdivisions1 namely1 ,! ,atlantic ,division1 compris+ ! canal f deep wat] 9 ! ,c>ibbean to1 & includ+1 ! ,gatun locks & dam4 ,9 all ?is cov]$ ab\t sev5 miles ( ! canal only1 b "o ( its mo/ difficult & int]e/+ features4 ,! ,c5tral ,division1 includ+ ,gatun ,lake & ! ,culebra ,cut to ! ,p$ro ,miguel lock1 or ab\t #cb miles ( canal4 ,! ,pacific ,division1 includ+ ! ,p$ro ,miguel & ,miraflores locks1 & ! canal f ! foot ( ! latt] to deep wat] 9 ! ,pacific4 ,"u ?is classification w be describ$ ! con/ruction "w on ! canal1 "w :i* at ! "t ( ! au?or's visit 0 cle> to view1 impressive 9 its magnitude1 appall+ 9 ! multiplicity ( its details1 & picturesque 9 me?od & accompli%m5t4 ,) ! turn+ ( ! wat] into ! *annel all ?is w be hidd5 z ! works ( a wat* disappe> :5 ! case is snapp$ %ut4 ,! canal1 !y say1 & rightly1 w be ,goe?als' monum5t--?\gh !re are ^? :o ?9k x a monum5t to ,col4 ,gorgas1 :ile q a few hold t ! fame ( ,!odore ,roosevelt might be fur!r exalt$ by ?is "w4 ,b :omsoev] x may commemorate z a monum5t x 0 ev5 m impressive 9 ! build+ ?an 9 ! complet$ =m4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,s4 ,h4 ,elliott ,,bas ,,obispo ,,end ,,( ,,culebra ,,cut ,"o ,sunday late 9 my /ay on ! ,i/hmus ,i 0 go+ ov] ! l9e f ,ancon to ,culebra4 ,z we approa*$ ! little tunnel ne> ,miraflores ,i notic$ an unusual /ir = ! day1 = on ! ,canal ,zone ! day ( re/ is almo/ religi\sly obs]v$4 ,m5 7 sw>m+ along ! l9e1 mov+ tracks1 driv+ spikes1 ramm+ balla/4 ,i ask$ "o 9 au?ority :at x all meant4 8,oh01 said he1 8we're go+ to beg9 runn+ dirt tra9s ?r\gh ! tunnel1 & t necessitates d\ble track+ "s ( ! l9e4 ,! ,colonel said x mu/ be done by tomorr[ & we've got m ?an #ajjj m5 on ! job ?is quiet ,sunday4 ,! ,colonel's ord]s y "k04 ,yes1 ,i knew1 & ev]ybody on ! ,canal ,zone kn[s4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,gatun ,,dam ,,& ,,locks ,ent]+ ! ,panama ,canal f ! ,atlantic1 "o f9ds ! beg9n+ ( t section call$ by ! eng9e]s ! ,atlantic ,division1 f\r miles out at sea 9 ,limon ,bay1 a %all[ arm ( ! ,c>ibbean on ! %ore ( :i* are ,colon & ! ,am]ican t[n ( ,cri/obal4 ,f its beg9n+1 m>k$ only by ! out]mo/ ( a d\ble l9e ( buoys1 ! canal ext5ds almo/ due s\? sev5 miles to ! l[e/ ( ! ,gatun ,locks4 ,( ?is di/ance f\r miles is a *annel dr$g$ out ( ! bottom ( ,limon ,bay & ! bottom wid? ( ! canal f its beg9n+ to ! locks is #ejj feet4 ,its dep? on ?is division w be #da feet at mean tide4 ,= ! protection ( vessels ent]+ ! canal at ! ,atlantic end1 or ly+ 9 ,colon h>bor1 a great breakwat] #aj1ejj feet1 or a few feet less ?an two miles long1 made ( huge masses ( rock bla/$ along ! l9e ( ! ,canal1 or especially qu>ri$ at ,porto ,bello1 ext5ds f ,toro ,po9t to ,colon light4 ,9 all x w conta9 #b1hdj1jjj cubic y>ds ( rock & its e/imat$ co/ is #e1ejj1jjj4 ,9 ! orig9al plans = ! h>bor ( ,cri/obal a second breakwat] 0 propos$ to ext5d at an angle to ! gu>d "o1 b ! success ( ! =m] 9 break+ ! =ce ( ! seas t are rais$ by ! fi]ce nor!rs t bl[ betwe5 ,octob] & ,janu>y has be5 s great t ?is may nev] be ne$$4 ,its ne$ is fur!r obviat$ by ! con/ruction ( ! great mole ( /one & concrete :i* juts out f ! ,cri/obal %ore = #cejj feet at "r angles to ! ,canal4 ,f ?is mole five massive pi]s w ext5d into ! h>bor1 jutt+ out l f+]s on a h&1 ea* #ajjj feet long & ) ! space betwe5 !m #cjj feet wide s t two #ajjj foot %ips may dock at "o "t 9 ea* slip4 ,! new port ( ,cri/obal />ts out ) pi] facilities :i* ,new ,york _h n prep>$ = ! reception ( great %ips l ! 8,vat]l&0 & ! 8,aquitania0 at ! "t ( _! laun*+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,entrance ,,to ,,gatun ,,locks ,! rafts 9 ! =egr\nd c>ry pipes ?r\gh :i* suction dr$ges dis*>ge mat]ial remov$ ,illu/ration3 ,i4 ,,colon3 ,,^! ,,pictures ,,9 ,,ord] ,,=m ,a ,,panorama ,,( ,,! ,,colon ,,wat] ,,front ,illu/ration3 ,,ii4 ,,colon3 ,,"p ,,( ,,! ,,resid5tial ,,di/rict ,,on ,,! ,,wat] ,,front ,illu/ration3 ,,iii4 ,,colon3 ,,panama ,,railroad ,,& ,,royal ,,mail ,,docks ,illu/ration3 ,,iv4 ,,colon3 ,,! ,,de ,,lesseps ,,h\se ,,9 ,,! ,,di/ance ,,%[s ,,location ,,( ,,new ,,docks ,f ! %ore ( ! bay to ! fir/ ,gatun lock is a little less ?an f\r miles4 ,! ,fr5* dug a canal p5etrat+ ?is section1 a canal :i* =ms today "p ( our h>bor & :i* has be5 us$ to "s ext5t = ! transportation ( mat]ial = ! ,gatun dam4 ,our eng9e]s h[ev] ab&on$ x z "p ( our p]man5t l9e1 & x is rapidly fill+ up or be+ ov]-gr[n by vegetation4 ,at its be/ x 0 ab\t fifte5 miles long1 #ae feet deep z f> z ,gatun1 & #g feet deep !nce to ! n[ vani%$ village ( ,bohio4 ,! ,canal f ! seabo>d to ! ,gatun locks 0 /raightaway excavation1 ?r\gh l& little high] ?an ! wat]1 ) tidewat] foll[+ s t ! "w c\ld be done by float+ dr$ges4 ,no novel problems 7 pres5t$ to ! eng9e]1 nor are int]e/+ a*ievem5ts display$ to ! t\ri/ until ! great dam itself is rea*$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,s\? ,,approa* ,,wall1 ,,gatun ,,locks ,! simple/ way ( rea*+ ! ,gatun dam is ( c\rse by tra9 f ,colon1 a ride ( p]haps tw5ty m9utes4 ,b a m spectacul> "o is by laun*1 ei!r up ! ,canal1 or ar\nd by ! ,*agres ,riv] f its m\?4 ,! latt] is a difficult trip h[ev] & seldom essay$4 ,"o advantage ( tak+ ! ,canal is t x gives a mu* cle>] idea ( ! con/ruction ( ! dam ?an c be d]iv$ by approa*+ x by railroad4 ,! fir/ significant fact =c$ ^u y\r att5tion 9 ?us com+ ^u ! dam is t x does n look l a dam at all1 b r l a long & g5tly slop+ hill pi]c$ at "o po9t by a sort ( masonry gate :i* ^u clos] approa* reveals itself z a sy/em ( mighty locks4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gatun ,,locks ,,op5+ ,,into ,,! ,,lake ,! skeleton /ructure on ! left is ! frame-"w ( ! em]g5cy dam :i* sw+s directly a?w>t ! lock ,n v long ago !re 0 a wide-spread appreh5sion 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 br$ ( a r %all[ newspap] criticism v widely republi%$1 t ! ,gatun dam w\ld prove inadequate to ! pressure ( ! wat]s imp\nd$ beh9d x & might collapse1 or 8topple ov]04 ,if all :o h be5 impress$ by t gruesome prophecy c\ld see ! dam itself _! appreh5sions w\ld be spe$ily quiet$4 ,"o might z well talk ( toppl+ ov] ! pyramids1 or ,murray ,hill1 ,new ,york 7n ! /ructures on x1 b ! hill itself7 or ! ,treasury ,build+ at ,wa%+ton4 ,elevations1 natural or artificial1 ! base ( :i* is eight to t5 times _! height1 _c topple ov] :ile ! =ce ( gravity cont9ues to op]ate4 ,n[ ! height ( ,gatun dam is #aje feet1 & f its cre/ ! fill+ ( clay & rock slopes g5tly away on ! l&w>d side = ne>ly half a mile4 ,!re are m abrupt em95ces on _m ( our roll+ prairies4 ,! face on ! lake side desc5ds some:at m abruptly1 b is /ill sev]al hundr$ feet long be=e its slope ends ) ! b$ ( ! lake4 ,?is face is cov]$ ) brok5 /one d[n to ! 8toe0--z !y call ! walls ( r\gh rock betwe5 :i* ! dirt dam 0 built4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,?ompson ,,gatun ,,lake ,,se5 ,,f ,,! ,,dam ,illu/ration3 ,copyright1 #aiaa1 by ,munn ,co4 ,inc4 ,f ,sci5tific ,am]ican ,,bird',s ,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,gatun ,,dam ,9 ! =egr\nd ! locks1 only two ( ! ?ree /eps be+ fully %[n4 ,9 ! middle di/ance ! spillway1 ?r\gh :i* surplus wat] fl[s into ! ,*agres & old ,fr5* ,canal ,! me?od ( build+ ! dam 0 simple en\gh ev5 ?\gh x s\nds complicat$ 9 ! tell+4 ,:5 ,congress acquiesc$ 9 ! m9ority report ( ! ,bo>d ( ,int]national ,eng9e]s1 approv$ by ! ,presid5t & recomm5d+ a lock type canal1 x meant t in/ead ( simply digg+ a dit* across ! ,i/hmus we w\ld create a great artificial lake #he feet above sea level1 conf9$ by dams at ei!r ends1 ) locks & two %ort canals to give communication ) ! oceans4 ,to create ?is lake x 0 det]m9$ to imp\nd ! wat]s ( ! ,*agres1 & a site ne> ! village ( ,gatun1 ?r\gh :i* ! old ,fr5* canal pass$1 0 select$ = ?is purpose4 ,conditions ( topography ( c\rse det]m9$ ?is site4 ,! ,*agres valley "h is #g1ibj feet wide1 b ! det]m9+ fact 0 t ab\t ! c5t] ( ! valley 0 a hill ( rock :i* af=d$ solid f\ndation = a concrete dam = ! spillway4 ,geologi/s ass]t t at "o "t ! floor ( ! valley 0 #cjj feet high] ?an n[1 & t 9 ! ages ! ,*agres ,riv] cut away ! %all[ gorges on ei!r side ( ! rocky hill4 ,^!1 x 0 det]m9$1 c\ld readily be ob/ruct$ by a broad e>? dam ( ! type det]m9$ ^u1 b = ! spillway ) its p[]h\se & flood gates a rock f\ndation 0 ess5tial & ?is 0 furni%$ by ! isl&4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,con/ruction ,,"w ,,on ,,gatun ,,dam ,! space betwe5 two rock walls has be5 fill$ ) mud1 :i* hav+ h>d5$1 supports dirt tra9s br++ spoil f ,culebra ,cut to build up ! dam to requir$ dim5sions ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,pump+ ,,mud ,,into ,,! ,,core ,,( ,,gatun ,,dam ,! fir/ /ep 9 ! con/ruction ( ! dam 0 to dam ! ,*agres !n fl[+ ?r\gh its old *annel ne> ! site *os5 = ! spillway1 & ?r\gh ! old ,fr5* canal4 ,?is 0 accompli%$ by build+ p>allel walls1 or 8toes0 ( brok5 /one & fill+ ! space betwe5 ) fluid mud pump$ f ! old *annel ( ! /ream4 ,a new *annel ( c\rse 0 provid$ call$ ! 8we/ div]sion04 ,! toes are ab\t a qu>t] ( a mile ap>t & rise ab\t #cj feet high4 ,!y 7 built by ! cu/om>y devices ( build+ tre/les on :i* dump tra9s be>+ ! mat]ial 7 run4 ,aft] ! core ( fluid silt pump$ 9 betwe5 ! walls _h begun to h>d51 dry e>? 0 pil$ ^u x1 compress+ x & squeez+ out ! rema9+ moi/ure4 ,z ?is surface became durable ! railroad tracks 7 %ift$ to x1 & :5 ,i visit$ ! dam 9 #aiac ! made l& ( ! dam 0 undi/+ui%able f ! natural gr\nd surr\nd+ x4 ,ov] x scores ( locomotives 7 spe$+1 dragg+ pond]\s tra9s heavy lad5 ) 8spoil0 f ! ,culebra ,cut4 ,f ! cre/ on ! "o h& ! dam slop$ away 9 a g5tle declivity ne>ly half a mile long to ! orig9al jungle on ! "o side1 & a less] di/ance on ! o!r1 to ! wat]s ( ! ,gatun ,lake !n less ?an half fill$4 ,:5 ! ma9 body ( ! dam _h be5 complet$ & ! spillway 0 ready to c>ry (f ! wat]s ( ! ,*agres !n fl[+ ?r\gh ! 8we/ div]sion0 ! task ( damm+ ! latt] 0 begun4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ef=t to /em ! curr5t ( ! ,*agres1 ! riv] dread$ = s _m reasons1 & ! description by ,lieut5ant ,colonel ,william ,l4 ,sib]t1 ! eng9e] 9 *>ge ( ?is division1 w be ( int]e/3 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,a ,,native ,,bak]y ,! ,panamanian nev] does any?+ indoors t he c d 9 ! op54 ,! village bak]y1 ! village mort> or mill & ! village laundry are social meet+ places us$ by all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gatun ,,upp] ,,lock ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood & ,und]wood ,,c5t]3 ,,gatun ,,c5t] ,,light2 ,,l[] ,,corn]3 ,,em]g5cy ,,gates 8,! elevation ( ! spillway *annel is #aj feet above sea level1 consequ5tly 9 any attempt to /op ! fl[ ( ! ,*agres & =ce x ?r\gh ?is *annel1 a rise ( ab\t #ad feet ( wat] _h to be enc\nt]$4 ,! banks & bottom ( ! we/ div]sion 7 s(t clay4 ,! plan adopt$ 0 to drive tre/les across ?is *annel on ! #cj-;foot cont\r on ea* face ( ! dam1 & to build1 by dump+ rock directly into ! /ream1 two dams at ! same "t1 hop+ to di/ribute on su* dams ! head =m$ dur+ con/ruction4 ,an unlimit$ am\nt ( wa/e rock 0 available = ?is "w4 ,! banks ( ! *annels 7 fir/ made secure by dump+ rock at ! end ( ! tre/les4 ,aft] ! *annel 0 contract$ to "s ext5t1 a consid]able curr5t develop$2 rock dump$ f ! tre/les 0 c>ri$ "s di/ance d[n /ream1 =m+ a rock apron 9 ! b$ ( ! /ream bel[ ! dam4 ,q deep holes1 h[ev]1 7 dug by ! wat] bel[ ?is rock apron4 ,:5 ! "w on ! two dams _h progress$ s t a *annel ab\t #hj feet wide & #f feet deep 0 left 9 ! c5t]1 x 0 f\nd impracticable to make any headway4 ,/one dump$ f ! tre/les w\ld be roll$ d[n /ream4 ,! ra9y season 0 !n ab\t to comm5ce4 ,! l[] "p ( ! b5ts ( ! tre/les be+ well support$ ) rock1 x 0 !n decid$ to dump a c>load or two ( crook$ rails above ! tre/les 9 su* a way t !y w\ld =m an entanglem5t & /op ! rock1 ?us insur+ ei!r ! con/ruction ( ! dam or ! tak+ out ( ! tre/le4 ,by ?is means ! two dams 7 f9ally complet$ & ! ,*agres ,riv] successfully div]t$40 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,spillway ,,"u ,,con/ruction ,concrete is dump$ directly f ! railway into ! m\lds4 ,pipes to ! p[] h\se are %[n ,to ! unpr(essional obs]v] ! ,gatun dam is a disappo9tm5t z a spectacle4 ,x does n look l a dam at all1 b m]ely l a cont9uation ( "o ( ! hills x connects4 ,b z a matt] ( fact x is ! greate/ dam 9 ! _w--a mile & a half long1 #aje feet high1 half a mile ?ick at its base1 #cih feet at ! surface ( ! lake & #ajj feet wide at ! top4 ,x is long] & high] ?an ! ,ass\an dam :i* ! ,briti% built across ! ,nile ?\gh ! latt]1 be+ all ( masonry1 is va/ly ! m picturesque4 ,into ! entire "w w g ab\t #ba1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds ( mat]ial4 ,"o day :ile ! ,gatun dam 0 9 ! e>li] /ages ( its con/ruction 9 #aijh1 a newspap] correspond5t 0 tempor>ily deta9$ at ,gatun :ile cross+ ! ,i/hmus4 ,idly1 to pass ! "t away1 he /roll$ out on ! dam to :]e he saw a gr\p ( m5 ga!r$4 ,he f\nd !m discuss+ a small break at ! edge ( ! dam up/ream2 a break n caus$ by any pressure ( ! wat]1 = ! wat] _h n rea*$ t po9t1 b by ! weight ( ! heavy sup]/ructure press+ ^u ! semi-fluid core ( ! dam :i* !n _h n _h suffici5t "t = dra9age & dry+4 ,! dispat* :i* ! correspond5t s5t nor? z ! result ( 8 casual obs]vation ( ! slide1 0 seiz$ ^u by ! advocates ( ! sea-level canal z a text f :i* to argue ! entire impracticability ( ! lake-level project4 ,! agitation became s g5]al & s m5ac+ t ,presid5t ,roosevelt 0 impell$ to appo9t a commission ( sev5 eng9e]s ( high pr(essional /&+ & te*nical k ( dam build+ to visit ! spot & report ^u ! m5ace4 ,_! v]dict 0 t ! ,canal eng9e]s _h gone f> beyond ! necess>y po9t 9 mak+ ! dam pond]\s & safe4 ,secret>y ( ,w> ,taft1 :o happ5$ to be on ! ,i/hmus :5 ! break occurr$1 decl>$ t x 0 8insignificant :5 "o takes into consid]ation ! :ole size ( ! dam04 ,:5 ! tricky ,*agres gets on "o ( its ra9y season rages ! spillway by :i* ! dam is pi]c$ at ab\t its c5t] w be "o ( ! spectacul> po9ts on ! ,canal l9e4 ,t riv] dra9s a bas9 cov]+ #a1cbj squ>e miles1 & ^u :i* ! ra9s 9 _! season fall ) a p]si/5ce & cont9uity kn[n 9 h>dly any o!r corn] ( ! e>?4 ,! ,*agres has be5 kn[n to rise z mu* z #dj feet 9 #bd h\rs1 & ?\gh ev5 ?is great flood w be measurably l[]$ by be+ di/ribut$ ov] ! #afd squ>e miles 9 ,gatun ,lake1 yet "s sy/em ( controll+ x by outlets & flood gates 0 ( c\rse ess5tial to ! work+ & ! safety ( ! ,canal4 ,! spillway is ! c5t] ( ?is sy/em1 ! po9t at :i* is ! ma*9]y by :i* ! surface ( ,gatun ,lake c be at all times kept )9 two feet ( its normal level1 :i* is #he feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p>tly ,,complet$ ,,spillway1 #aiac ,! riv] 0 l[ :5 ?is picture 0 tak54 ,at high wat] x w fl[ ov] ! complet$ /ructure %[n at ! "r ,fundam5tally ! spillway is a *annel #a1bjj feet long & #bhe feet wide cut ?r\gh ! solid rock ( ! isl& :i* at ?is po9t bisects ! n[ oblit]at$ ,*agres ,valley4 ,?\gh cut ?r\gh rock x is smoo?ly l9$ & floor$ ) cem5t2 clos$ at its upp] end by a dam1 %ap$ l ! arc ( a circle s t1 :ile x b>s an op5+ ( only #bhe feet1 its l5g? is #hjh feet4 ,= ! b5efit ( ! unpr(essional obs]v] x may be not$ t by ?us curv+ a dam 9 ! direction ( ! =ce employ$ aga9/ x1 its resi/+ p[] is increas$4 ,x resi/s =ce ex]t$ horizontally precisely z an ar* resi/s =ce1 or weight1 ex]t$ f above4 ,! dam at ! spillway ext5ds solidly across ! op5+ to a height ( #fi feet4 ,b ?is is #af feet bel[ ! normal level ( ! ,lake4 ,f ! top ( ! solid dam rise ?irte5 concrete pi]s to a height z plann$1 ( #aae feet above sea level1 t is ! pi]s w rise #df feet above ! top ( ! dam4 ,betwe5 ea* two ( ^! pi]s w be m\nt$ regulat+ gates ( /eel %ea?+1 made wat] tight & movable up or d[n z ! /ate ( ! ,*agres level requires a free or a re/rict$ passage = ! wat]4 ,nor w ^? op]at+ ! gates await ! visual appe>ance ( ! flood be=e ?r[+ wide ! passage = its onru%4 ,at div]s po9ts along ! ,*agres1 & ?r\gh\t its wat] %$ are little /ations :5ce obs]v]s telephone at regul> int]vals ?r\gh\t ! day to ! (fice at ! spillway ! result ( _! obs]vations ( ! riv]'s height4 ,) ^! figures at h& ! controll] ( ! gates c =esee ! com+ ( a flood h\rs be=e x beg9s to beat aga9/ ! gates4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,giant ,,p5/ocks ,,( ,,! ,,spillway ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,spillway ,,at ,,high ,,wat] ,a comp>ison ) ! picture on page #agi w %[ ! v>y+ /ages ( ! riv] ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,lock ,,gates ,,approa*+ ,,completion ,! spillway fur!r s]ves a useful & an ess5tial purpose 9 t x h>nesses ! wat] p[] ( ! useful ,*agres1 & turns x into electric p[] to op5 & %ut ! colossal gates ( ! v>i\s locks2 to propel ! electric locomotives t t[ ! great %ips ?r\gh ! concrete *annels2 to light ! canal t[ns & villages1 & ! ligh?\ses on ! l9e2 to run ! great cranes at ,balboa & ,cri/obal2 to run ! ma*9]y 9 ! %ops at ,balboa2 to furni% motive p[]1 if s det]m9$ = ! ,panama ,railroad1 & to sw+ ! great guns at ,toro ,po9t & ,naos ,isl& until _! muzzles be> ) calm yet frightful m5ace ^u any enemy approa*+ f ei!r ! ,c>ibbean or ! ,pacific4 ,!re w be p[] = all ^! functions1 & p[] too to light ,panama & ,colon1 to run ! ,panama tramway & p]=m o!r useful functions if ! pres5t grip ( private ,panama monopoly ^u ^! public s]vices %all be rel9qui%$4 ,! wat] drops #ge feet ?r\gh huge p5/ocks to great turb9es 9 ! spillway hydro-electric /ation ) a capacity ( #f1jjj kil[atts1 b ! am\nt ( wat] p[] is suffici5t = d\ble t curr5t1 & turb9es to supply ! addition c be in/all$ :5ev] ! ne$ = ! p[] develops4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,wat] ,,knock+ ,,at ,,gatun ,,gates ,illu/ration3 ,,wall ,,( ,,gatun ,,lock ,,%[+ ,,ar*$ ,,con/ruction ,! ,gatun locks are built at ! v ea/]n end ( ,gatun dam1 at ! po9t :]e x jo9s ! ma9l& bord]+ ! ,*agres valley4 ,( _! sup]ficial dim5sions ,i h already spok51 & h describ$ _! appe>ance z se5 f ! deck ( a %ip 9 passage4 ,x w be h>d h[ev] = "o :o has n /ood on ! concrete floor ( "o ( ^! massive *amb]s & look$ upw>d to _! cre/1 or walk+ out on "o ( ! massive gates pe]$ d[n into _! dep?s1 to appreciate _! full size4 ,x is all v well to say t ! 8,imp]ator10 ! greate/ ( %ips n[ afloat1 c\ld f9d room 9 "o ( ^! locks ) five feet at ea* side1 & fifty feet at ea* end to sp>e1 b !n few ( u h se5 ! ,imp]ator & nobody has se5 h] 9 ! lock4 ,x is all v well to figure t a six /ory h\se w\ld n rise above ! cop+ ( "o ( ^! locks1 b imag9ation does n visualize ! h\se !re1 & moreov] !re are /ories & /ories 9 height4 ,yet z "o /ood on ! floor ( "o ( ^! great monoli?ic tanks z !y 7 be+ ru%$ to completion 9 #aiac1 & saw locomotives dw>f$ by ! pond]\s walls betwixt :i* !y pli$1 & :ole tra9s ( load$ dump c>s swall[$ up 9 a s+le lock *amb]1 "o got "s idea ( ! magnitude ( ! "w4 ,a track = a travell+ crane ext5d$ d[n ! c5t] ( ! *amb] & ! mon/] rumbl$ back & =? c>ry+ loads ( mat]ial to _! appo9t$ de/9ations4 ,across ! :ole wid? ( ! ,canal bel[ ! locks /ret*$ cable c>ri]s upheld by skeleton devices ( /eel m\nt$ on rails s t ! pair ( !m1 ?\gh sep>at$ by #ejj feet ( space1 spann$ by ! sagg+ cables1 c\ld be mov$ 9 unison4 ,out on ! sw++ cables ran ! load$ c>s or buckets1 fill$ ) concrete & dump$ ) a cra% & a ro> at ! *os5 place4 ,giant mix]s gr\nd up rock f ,porto ,bello1 s& f ,nombre de ,dios1 & cem5t f div]s /ates ( our union into a sort ( ,brobdignagian porridge ) :i* ! hungry maws ( ! m\lds 7 ceaselessly f$4 ,m5 wig-wagg$ signals ) flags across gap+ *asms4 ,/eam :i/les blew %rill w>n+s & cryptic ord]s4 ,:eels rumbl$4 ,pulleys creak$4 ,x seem$ t ev]y?+ a man c\ld d 0 be+ done by ma*9e1 yet !re 0 an army ( m5 direct+1 correct+ & supplem5t+ ! me*anical labor4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,travell+ ,,cranes ,,at ,,"w ,m\nt$ on rails ^! cranes c>ry ! heavie/ burd5s4 ,^? %[n are plac$ = deliv]+ concrete to ! =ms4 ,"o crane w co/ #fj1jjj ,into ! locks at ,gatun w g #b1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds ( concrete if ! orig9al e/imate is adh]$ to4 ,a /ati/ician e/imates t x w\ld build a wall #h feet wide & #ab feet high & #acc miles long--:i* w\ld j ab\t wall (f ! /ate ( ,delaw>e f ! re/ ( ! ,union4 ,! side walls ( ea* ( ! locks are practically monoli?s1 con/ruct$ ( concrete p\r$ into great /eel frames or m\lds :]e x h>d5s into a solid mass4 ,!y are bas$ 9 ! ma9 on b$ rock1 ?\gh x 0 f\nd on mak+ te/s t ! b$ rock 0 n ( suffici5t ext5t to support ! guide walls z well1 s "o ( ^! is !re=e made cellul> to light5 its weight1 :i* re/s on piles ( #fj feet long capp$ & surr\nd$ ) concrete4 ,?is wall 0 built by sl[ /ages & all[$ to /& 9 ord] t its settlem5t might be uni=m4 ,an exam9ation ( ! picture bel[ w make cle> ! me?od ( con/ruct+ ! lock walls1 = 9 x are %[n ! complet$ monoli?s & a /eel =m half complet$ ) m5 prep>+ x = ! concrete !re94 ,col4 ,sib]t describes ! details ( ! "w ?us3 8,! locks prop] are f\nd$ on rock & ! heavy masonry is complet$4 ,?is rock f\ndation 0 n ( suffici5t ext5t1 h[ev]1 at available elevations1 = support+ ! guide walls4 ,"u t guide wall ext5d+ into ! lake ! und]ly+ rock at ! s\? end is ab\t #aej feet bel[ sea level1 & ! ov]ly+ mat]ial is s(t4 ,?is wall is cellul> 9 con/ruction4 ,x is compos$ ( f\r longitud9al walls ab\t #b feet ?ick ) cross walls ab\t #ag feet ap>t1 all built ( re9=c$ concrete4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,build+ ,a ,,monoli? 8,! natural gr\nd und]ly+ ! wall 0 ab\t #h feet above sea level4 ,on ?is gr\nd a wide fill ) a v flat slope 0 con/ruct$ to elevation plus #ce1 & ?r\gh ?is piles ab\t #fj feet long1 #d-;foot c5t]s1 7 driv5 & a heavy re9=c$ concrete slab built ar\nd ! heads ( ! piles1 on :i* 0 erect$ ! cellul> /ructure4 ,!re 0 a cont9ual sl[ settlem5t ( ?is wall z its con/ruction progress$4 ,x 0 br\ght to a height ( #fa feet above sea level ?r\gh its entire l5g? 9 ord] t ! settlem5t might ext5d ov] ! :ole base be=e any "p 0 br\ght to full height4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,culv]t ,,9 ,,! ,,lock ,,wall 8,! nor? guide & fl>e walls are yet to be built4 ,x w be necess>y to g to a dep? ( ab\t #gj feet bel[ sea level ?r\gh v s(t mat]ial 9 ord] to uncov] ! rock on :i* to build ! fl>e walls4 ,"u ! guide wall itself ! rock is at a /ill l[] elevation1 & a pile f\ndation w probably be con/ruct$1 ! pil+ go+ to rock4 ,! mat]ial 9 ?is space 0 too s(t to hold up /eam %ovels1 & x 0 decid$ to d ! g5]al excavation by suction dr$ges4 ,^! dr$ges cut _! way into ! space :]e ! walls 9 "q are to be built1 mak+ a *annel j wide & deep en\gh = _! passage4 ,!y !n wid5$ out ! cut & deep5$ x to #da feet bel[ sea level4 ,an e>!n dam 0 !n built across ! n>r[ entrance cut1 %utt+ (f ! connection ) ! sea1 & z ! dr$ges work$ !y 7 l[]$4 ,!y are n[ float+ at an elevation ( #cb feet bel[ sea level & c remove ! mat]ial to ! dep? requir$4 ,aft] ! excavation is complet$ x is propos$ to h ! dr$ges excavate a sump #fe feet bel[ sea level & l[] ! wat] to #ej feet bel[ sea level 9 ord] to te/ ! /ability ( ! sides ( ! cut4 ,if !re is no slid+ ! pit w be fill$ ) wat]2 ! dr$ges float$ out2 ! dam across ! entrance *annel replac$ & ! excavation unwat]$ = ! con/ruction ( ! walls fir/ ref]r$ to4 ,illu/ration3 ,,diagram ,,( ,,lock-,,gate ,,ma*9]y ,illu/ration3 ,,t[+ ,,locomotive ,,climb+ ,,to ,,upp] ,,lock 8,! masonry ( ! ,gatun locks 0 l>gely plac$ by cableways1 hav+ a span ( #hjj feet1 cov]+ ! entire space to be occupi$ by ! locks4 ,! /one & s& = ! concrete 7 obta9$1 respectively1 #bj & #dj miles d[n ! ,c>ibbean coa/1 & 7 br\ght 9 b>ges up ! old ,fr5* ,canal z closely z possible to ! lock site1 & 7 unload$ by cableways into l>ge /ock piles ne> ! bank4 ,! mat]ial1 h[ev]1 0 /ill #c1ejj feet away & #fj feet bel[ ! c5t] ( lock con/ruction4 ,?is situation caus$ ! adoption ( a c5tral mix+ plant ne> ! c5tral portion ( ! locks1 consi/+ ( eight #b-y>d mix]s4 ,an automatic1 electric1 loop-l9e railroad1 ea* c> c>ry+ ! mat]ial = a bat* ( concrete1 0 in/all$1 pass+ "u ! cem5t %$1 "u ! s& & /one piles2 & ov] ! mix]s4 ,! mix$ concrete 0 deliv]$ to ! cableways requir+ x by an electric l9e1 ! flat c>s ( :i* 7 h&l$ by electric locomotives4 ,/eel =ms 7 us$ 9 con/ruct+ ! walls ( ! locks04 ,a vital feature ( ! locks is1 ( c\rse1 gett+ ! wat] into & out ( !m1 & ! me?od ( op]at+ ! gigantic gates4 ,! =m] is simple en\gh ( explanation1 ?\gh ! modus op]&i w be entirely conceal$ :5 ! locks are 9 op]ation4 ,?r\gh ea* ( ! side walls1 & ?r\gh ! c5t] walls :i* divide ! pairs ( locks1 runs a tunnel #ah feet 9 diamet]4 ,to put x m graphically a tunnel l>ge en\gh to take a mogul locomotive ( ! highe/ type4 ,f ?is ma9 tunnel small] ones bran* (f to ! floors ( ! locks t are to be s]v$1 & ^! small] *utes are big en\gh = ! passage ( a f>m]'s wagon ) a span ( horses4 ,^! small] *utes ext5d "u ! floor ( ! lock & connect ) x by valv$ op5+s1 ! valves be+ op]at$ by electricity4 ,!re is no pump+ ( ! wat]4 ,ea* lock is fill$ by ! natural desc5t ( ! wat] f ! lock above or f ! lake4 ,by ! use ( ! great culv]t 9 ! c5tral wall ! wat] c be transf]r$ f a lock on ! we/ side ( ! flight to "o on ! ea/1 or vice v]sa4 ,?\gh x h>dly seems necess>y1 e possible device = ! cons]vation ( ! wat] supply has be5 provid$4 ,we w suppose a vessel f ! ,atlantic rea*es ,gatun & beg9s to climb to ! lake above4 ,! electric locomotives t[ h] into ! fir/ lock1 :i* is fill$ j to ! level ( ! ,canal4 ,! great gates close beh9d h]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,heavy ,,:eel ,,%[n ,,is ,,! 8,,bull ,,:eel0 ,by its revolution x ?ru/s or )draws ! arm at ! "r :i* moves ! gate ,h[ d !y close8 ,:at unse5 p[] =ces ^? huge gates ( /eel1 %ut aga9/ ! dogg$ resi/ance ( ! wat]8 ,!y are #g feet ?ick1 #fe feet long & f #dg to #hb feet high4 ,!y weigh f #cij to #gcj tons ea*4 ,add to ?is weight ! resi/ance ( ! wat] & x becomes evid5t t l>ge p[] is ne$$ to op]ate !m4 ,at ,gatun 9 ! pass+ ( a l>ge %ip ?r\gh ! locks1 x w be necess>y to l[] f\r f5d] *a9s1 op]ate six pairs ( mit] gates & =ce !m to mit]1 op5 & close eight pairs ( ris+ /em gate valves = ! ma9 supply culv]ts1 & ?irty cyl9drical valves4 ,9 all1 no less ?an #ih motors w be set 9 motion twice dur+ ea* lockage ( a s+le %ip1 & ?is numb] may be increas$ to #adc1 dep5d5t ^u ! previ\s position ( ! gates1 valves & o!r devices4 ,d[n "u ! surface ( ! lock wall1 pack$ into a little crypt :i* seems b>ely to af=d room = its revolv+1 is a great cog:eel #bj feet 9 diamet]1 revolv+ sl[ly & op]at+ a pond]\s /eel arm :i* ?ru/s out or pulls back ! gate z desir$4 ,! bull :eel1 !y call x1 is driv5 by a #bg horse p[] motor1 :ile a small] motor ( #g horse p[] locks ! gates tight aft] !y are once 9 position4 ,two ( ^! bull :eels1 & two ea* ( ! motors are ne$$ = ea* pair ( gates4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,tangl$ ,,maze ,,( ,,/eel ,,skeletons ,,t ,,are ,a ,,lock ,,9 ,,! ,,mak+ ,! %ip !n is 9 ! l[e/ lock1 "o pair ( gates clos$ tightly beh9d h]4 ,ano!r pair confronts h] hold+ back ! wat] 9 ! lock above1 :i* if fill$1 w be j #bh feet above ! surface ( t on :i* %e floats4 ,b ! wat] ab\t h] is n[ sl[ly ris+4 ,ano!r set ( electric motors conceal$ 9 ! concrete wall h set 9 motion ! valves 9 ! floor ( ! lock1 & ! wat] is fl[+ 9 f ! tunnels1 rais+ ! %ip & at ! same "t l[]+ ! wat] 9 ! lock above4 ,:5 ! vessel's keel is high] ?an ! sill ( ! lock above ! upp] gates sw+ sl[ly back & fold 9 flat ) ! wall4 ,! %ip is n[ 9 a *amb] #bjjj feet long fill$ to a level4 ,! locomotives pull h] =w>d a ?\s& feet or s4 ,aga9 great gates close beh9d h]4 ,aga9 ! wat] rises sl[ly ab\t h] lift+ h] ) x4 ,! fir/ process is repeat$ & %e ent]s ! ?ird lock4 ,by ! "t %e has be5 drawn out into ! lake & ! locomotives h ca/ h] (f1 m ?an #ajj electric motors ) a horse p[] rang+ f #g to #ej ea* w h contribut$ to h] progress4 ,altoge!r ov] #ajjj individual motors w be requir$ = ! diff]5t locks4 ,inde$ ! :ole int]ior ( ^? massive lock walls is p5etrat$ by light$ gall]ies /rung ) insulat$ wires be>+ a dea?-deal+ curr5t4 ,m5 w be /ation$ at ! v>i\s ma*9]y rooms1 b ! :ole l9e ( ma*9]y c be op]at$ f a c5tral op]at+ t[] on ! lock above4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,gatun ,,lake ,,& ,,! ,,*agres ,,riv] ,t section ( ! ,canal1 :i* = ! conv5i5ce ( eng9e]+ records & directions is kn[n z ! ,c5tral ,division1 comprises )9 its b\nd>ies two ( ! great spectacul> features ( ! ,i/hmus--,gatun ,lake & ! ,culebra ,cut4 ,i h already describ$ ! sc5ic *>act]i/ics ( ?is lake1 b "s discussion ( ! "p x plays 9 ! economy ( ! ,canal w n be out ( place4 ,9 ! fir/ place ! creation ( ! lake dep5d$ on ! type ( canal to be select$4 ,a sea-level canal c\ld n exi/ ) ! lake2 a lock canal c\ld n h be5 built )\t x4 ,! me&]+s ( ! ,*agres1 cross+ & recross+ ! only practicable l9e = ! ,canal1 & its passionate outbur/s 9 ! ra9y season made x an impossible ob/acle to a sea-level canal1 & all ! plans = a canal ( t type contemplat$ damm+ ! /ream at "s po9t above ,gatun--at ,bohio1 ,gamboa or ,alhajuela--& div]t+ its outfl[ into ! ,pacific4 ,on ! o!r h& ! lock canal c\ld n be built )\t "s great res]voir ( wat] to repeat$ly fill its locks1 & to supply ! wat]p[] :]eby to op]ate !m4 ,h5ce ,gatun ,lake 0 ess5tial to ! type ( canal we adopt$4 ,! lay read] w probably be surpris$ :5 he he>s h[ c>efully ! area ( ! ,*agres wat]%$ & ! av]age ra9fall 7 /udi$1 & ! height ( ! dam & ! spillway adju/$ to make c]ta9 a suffici5t supply ( wat] = ! locks4 ,! only locks ) :i* ^! c\ld be comp>$ are ^? at ! 8,soo01 or outlet ( ,lake ,sup]ior4 ,t canal1 ! busie/ "o 9 ! _w = eight mon?s 9 ! ye>1 av]ag$ #ci lockages a day dur+ t p]iod on ! ,am]ican side & a small] numb] ?r\gh ! ,canadian locks4 ,! wat] 9 ,gatun ,lake w be suffici5t = #da passages1 if ! full l5g? ( ! locks is us$ or #eh if only ! p>tial l5g? is us$1 :i* w be ! case ) /eam%ips ( less ?an #ae1jjj tons--& 9 %ips ( ?is class ! bulk ( ! _w's trade is conduct$4 ,if ! limit ( #da lockages seems l[1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t "t is q z mu* a factor 9 ! case z is ! wat] supply4 ,x w take an h\r & a half to put a %ip ?r\gh ! locks4 ,t "t !re=e te*nically con/itutes a 8passage04 ,9 ! #bd h\rs !re w\ld be #cf passages possible1 & "u ! circum/ances t w\ld draw mo/ heavily on ! lake !re w be wat] en\gh = #da4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,*agres1 ,,%[+ ,,obs]v]',s ,,c> ,f ! sw++ c> ! obs]v] measures ! cre/ ( ! flood & rapidity ( ! curr5t ,= ! creation ( ?is lake our eng9e]s f\nd ! ,*agres ,riv] available4 ,x _h dug ! valley 9 :i* w\ld be /or$ ! va/ volume ( wat] ne$$1 & ! unfail+ fl[ f its broad wat]%$ c\ld be reli$ ^u at all seasons--?\gh inde$ 9 ! ra9y season its contribution is sometimes emb>rass+ly lavi%4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fluviograph ,,at ,,bohio1 ,,n[ ,,subm]g$ ,illu/ration3 ,,automatic ,,fluviograph ,,on ,,gatun ,,lake ,e l& comes to be judg$ l>gely by its riv]s4 ,speak ( ,egypt & y ?9k ( ! ,nile2 ,india sugge/s ! ,ganges2 ,engl& ! ,?ames2 & ,france ! ,se9e4 ,! ,*agres is z truly ,panamanian z ! ,rh9e is ,g]man & !re h be5 wat*es on ! ,*agres1 too1 :5 buccane]s & revolutioni/s urg$ _! cayucas along its tortu\s highway4 ,x 0 ! highway by :i* ! despoil]s ( ,p]u c>ri$ _! loot to ! ,atlantic on ! way to ,spa91 & along its tide drift$ ! lat] argonauts :o s\ght ! gold5 fleece 9 ,cali=nia 9 ! days ( '#di4 ,! poet too has sung x1 b n 9 words ( praise4 ,li/5 to its mo/ fam\s lyric f ! p5 ( ,james ,h5ry ,gilb]t1 ,panama's mo/ fam\s b>d & mo/ cruel critic4 8,beyond ! ,*agres ,riv] ,are ! pa?s t lead to dea?-- ,to ! fev]'s deadly breezes1 ,to mal>ia's poison\s brea?6 ,beyond ! tropic foliage1 ,:]e ! alligator waits1 ,are ! mansions ( ! ,devil-- ,8 orig9al e/ates4 8,beyond ! ,*agres ,riv] ,are ! pa?s =e'er unkn[n1 ,) a spid] 'nea? ea* pebble ,a scorpion 'nea? ea* /one4 ',tis "h ! boa-con/rictor ,8 fatal banquet holds1 ,& to 8 slimy bosom ,8 hapless gue/ enfolds6 8,beyond ! ,*agres ,riv] ',tis said--! /ory's old-- ,are pa?s t lead to m\nta9s ,( pure/ virg9 gold2 ,b 'tis my firm conviction1 ,:atev] tales !y tell1 ,t beyond ! ,*agres ,riv] ,all pa?s lead /raight to ,hell06 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,village ,,( ,,bohio1 ,,n[ ,,subm]g$ ,a mu* malign$ /ream is ! ,riv] ,*agres4 ,pione]s1 pirates1 prospectors & poets h vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 apply+ ! vocabul>y ( contumely & abuse to x1 & ! practition]s ( m$ic9e h atta*$ its "n to a peculi>ly depress+ & virul5t type ( tropical fev]4 ,b ! humble native loves x de>ly & 8 homes1 ei!r villages ( f t5 to =ty family huts1 or m]e isolat$ cab9s cl+ to its %ores all ! way f ,=t ,lor5zo to ! head wat]s f> beyond ! b\nd>y ( ! ,canal ,zone4 ,! native too has some?+ ( an eye = ! picturesque4 ,always 8 huts are erect$ on a bluff ( f #ae to #dj feet rise f ! riv]1 ) ! gr\nd cle>$ be=e !m to give an unblock$ view ( ! /ream4 ,:e!r by accid5t or because ( a real art in/9ct he is v apt to *oose a po9t at a b5d 9 ! riv] ) a view bo? up & d[n ! /ream4 ,possibly h[ev] art _h less to d ) 8 *oice ?an an in/9ct ( self-def5se1 = 9 ! days ( ,i/hmian turbul5ce1 or = t matt] today1 ! riv]s 7 ! *ief highways & x 0 well to be on gu>d = ho/ile =ces com+ f ei!r direction4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/eps ,,lead+ ,,to ,,fluviograph ,,/ation ,,at ,,alhajuela ,?is is "o ( ! m di/ant /ations1 be+ t5 or m miles outside ! ,canal ,zone ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,light ,,h\se ,,9 ,,! ,,jungle ,i saw ! upp] ,*agres 9 ! la/ days ( its exi/5ce z a swirl+ /ream full ( rapids1 ru%+ along a n>r[ *annel betwe5 banks sometimes ris+ 9 lime/one cliffs #fj feet high & capp$ by d5se tropical foliage asc5d+ p]haps z mu* high] into ! blue tropical sky4 ,! riv] 0 at its be/ & mo/ picturesque z at ! op5+ ( ! dry season we pol$ our way up f ,mata*9 t[>ds its s\rce4 ,!n ,mata*9 0 a hamlet ( canal work]s1 & a weekly m>ket = ! natives :o br\ght ?i!r boat loads ( oranges1 bananas1 yams & planta9s4 ,sometimes !y c>ri$ /rang] c>goes4 ,i he>d a commission giv5 "o native to fet* d[n a "y tig] = somebody :o want$ to emulate ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt 9 ! *oice ( pets4 ,iguanas1 ! great edible liz>d ( ,panama1 "y de]1 & cages ( p>rots or p>oquets occasionally appe>4 ,b z a m>ket ,mata*9 is doom$1 = x is to be subm]g$4 ,) x w g an int]e/+ discussion ( ! etymology ( its "n1 "o p>ty hold+ t x signifies 8dead ,*9am50 z be+ ! spot :]e import$ ,*9ese coolies di$ 9 ?rongs ( homesickness dur+ ! con/ruction ( ! ,panama ,railroad4 ,b ! ^w also means 8but*]0 9 ,spani% & "s ?9k x commemorates "s massacre ( ! e>ly days4 ,h[ev] sangu9>y its orig9 !re w pres5tly be wat] en\gh to wa% out all ! /a9s ( blood4 ,9 #aiac ! place 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal zone villages1 ) l>ge ma*9e %ops & a labor colony exce$+ #aejj 9 numb]4 ,all vani%es be=e ! ris+ lake1 :i* w be "h a mile wide4 ,! native craft by :i* alone ! ,*agres c\ld be navigat$ prior to ! creation ( ! lake are long1 sl5d] canoes fa%ion$ usually f ! trunks ( ! espev tree1 holl[$ out by fire & %ap$ )9 & )\t ) ! indisp5sable ma*ete4 ,x is said t occasionally "o is hewn f a mahogany log1 = ! native has little idea ( ! comp>ative value ( ! diff]5t k9ds ( timb]4 ,mahogany & rosewood logs wor? ?\s&s ( doll>s 9 ,new ,york are do+ humble s]vice 9 native huts 9 ,panama4 ,b ! native has a v cle> und]/&+ ( ! comp>ative labor involv$ 9 hew+ out a h>dwood log1 & ! cayucas are !re=e ma9ly ( ! s(t] espev1 a compact wood ) b little gra9 :i* does n crack or spl9t] :5 dragg$ r\ghly ov] ! rocks ( ! innum]able rapids4 ,! riv] cayuca is ab\t #be feet along ) an extreme beam ( ab\t #b feet & a draft ( #f to #aj in*es4 ,naturally x is crank & c tip a :ite man into ! /ream ) s+ul> cel]ity1 usually right+ itself & spe$+ swiftly away ) ! ru%+ curr5t4 ,b ! natives tread x z confid5tly z ?\gh x 7 a sc[4 ,= up/ream propulsion long poles are us$1 !re be+ usually two m5 to a boat1 ?\gh "o man /&+ 9 ! /]n ( a #cj-;foot load$ cayuca & ?ru/+ x m]rily up /ream1 ?r\gh rocky rapids & swirl+ :irlpools is no uncommon sight4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,riv]side ,,m>ket ,,at ,,mata*9 ,our craft 0 long]--#ce feet 9 all1 & 9 ! (ficial s]vice ( ! ,canal commission _h ris5 to ! dignity ( a coat ( gre5 pa9t besides hav+ a capta9 & a crew ( two m54 ,our capta91 ?\gh b 9 8 n9ete5? ye>1 0 a p]son ( "s dignity1 convey+ 8 ord]s to ! crew 9 tones ( comm&1 ?\gh n av]se to jo9+ 9 ! lively bad9age ) :i* !y greet$ pass+ boatm51 or ralli$ maid5s1 wa%+ l95 9 ! /reams1 ^u _! slightly conceal$ *>ms4 ,! corrupt ,spani% !y spoke made x difficult to d m ?an cat* ! g5]al import ( ^! playful int]*anges4 ,curi\sly en\gh ! native peasant has no desire to le>n ,engli%1 & frequ5tly conceals t accompli%m5t1 if he has atta9$ x1 z ?\gh x 7 a ?+ ( :i* to be a%am$4 ,?is attitude is ! m p]plex+ 9 view ( ! fact t ! commission pays m to ,engli% speak+ natives4 8,?is boy ,manuel01 said my ho/ to me 9 l[ tones1 8und]/&s ,engli% & c speak x aft] a fa%ion1 b r>ely does s4 ,i entrapp$ him once 9 a brief conv]sation & said to him1 #8,manuel1 :y don't y speak ,engli% & get on ! roll ( ,engli% speak+ employees8 ,y are gett+ #fb4ej gold a mon? n[2 !n y'd get #ge at lea/'4 8,manuel dropp$ 8 ,engli% at once4 #8,no qui]o apr5d] a habl> +les'1 said he1 #8,p>a mi ba/a el espaol'04 7,i don't c>e4 ,spani% good en\gh = me47 ,illu/ration3 ,,railroad ,,bridge ,,ov] ,,! ,,*agres ,,at ,,gamboa ,riv] is at l[ wat]4 ,= picture %[+ x at flood1 see page #ada ,manuel inde$ 0 ! son ( ! alcalde ( 8 village1 & ! alcalde is a p]son ( mu* p[] & ( gr&eur proportionate to ! numb] ( ?at*$ huts 9 8 doma94 ,! son bore himself z "o ( high l9eage & 8 face inde$1 ,caucasian 9 all save color1 %[$ t ,spani% blood pr$om9at$ ov] ! univ]sal admixture ( negro4 ,he sav$ 8 money1 sp5d+ less ?an #aj a mon? & inve/+ ! re/ 9 horses4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,quiet ,,bea* ,,on ,,! ,,*agres ,f ,mata*9 up to ,cruces ! riv] is comp>atively commonplace1 spann$ at "o po9t by ! ,gamboa bridge up at :i* ! voyag] looks reflectively f bel[ z he he>s t :5 ! spillway is clos$ & ! lake fill$ up !re w be b #ae feet headway above ! riv]'s cre/1 :]e at ! mom5t !re is m ?an #fj4 ,high] up are ! t[]s1 h\s+ ! ma*9]y = record+ ! riv]'s rise1 "o ( !m a relic ( ! ,fr5* rgime1 :ile a sl5d] wire spann+ ! /ream c>ries ! p5dul\s c> 9 :i* obs]v]s w g out at flood "t to measure ! height ( ! tide's cre/ & ! spe$ ( ! curr5t4 ,a /ream ( _m moods is ! ,*agres1 sometimes ris+ #dj feet 9 #bd h\rs4 ,accord+ly along its banks & ^? ( its pr9cipal tribut>ies are fluviographic /ations :5ce wat*]s may telephone to ! keep]s ( ! flood gates ( ! dam w>n+s ( ! com+ ( any sudd5 fre%et4 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,! ,,riv] ,,& ,,village ,,( ,,*agres ,! little hamlet ( rude ?at*$ huts ) a frame ,ca?olic *ur* 9 ! middle has se5 hi/ory 9 its "t4 ,! ,spani% =tress ( ,san ,lor5zo on ! hill 0 tak5 by ,sir ,h5ry ,morgan's buccane]s & lat] by ! ,briti% "u ,admiral ,v]non aft] h>d fight+4 ,9 ! matt] ( cons]v+ ! wat]s ( ! ,*agres1 e/imat+ ! total capacity ( ! wat]%$ & 9 provid+ = swift =w>d+ ( in=mation conc]n+ sudd5 rises we %all always be "u great obligations to ! ,fr5*4 ,_! hydrographic obs]vations & records are invaluable1 & _! /ations e/abli%$ be=e we assum$ control are /ill us$1 ) mu* ( _! ma*9]y4 ,/ations are ma9ta9$ f> up ! valleys ( ! ,*agres & tribut>y rivulets1 & all are connect$ ) ! c5tral control at ,gatun dam by telephone4 ,"s ( ! /ations are equipp$ ) automatic ma*9]y :i*1 9 ! ev5t ( a rise dur+ ! night summons ! keep] by r++ an al>m bell4 ,! life ( ! keep] ( a fluviograph /ation1 miles p]haps ( jungle isolat+ him f ! ne>e/ human habitation1 is lonesome en\gh4 ,yet its monotony is sometimes reliev$ by lively incid5t4 ,! irascible ,*agres1 = example1 once caught ! keep] at ,alhajuela ) a sudd5 rise1 & compell$ him to camp out a night & day 9 a tree top & see 8 h\se1 pigs & p\ltry swept away on ! ru%+ tide4 ,!re 0 a fair *ance t ! tree w\ld foll[4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pol+ ,,up ,,! ,,rapids ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,s4 ,h4 ,elliott ,,con/ruction ,,"w ,,on ,,! ,,spillway ,on our way up ! riv] to visit "s ( ! fluviographs we l&$ at ,cruces1 w5t a brief space into ! jungle & cle>$ away ) ma*etes ! tangl$ vegetation until ! old trail1 or ,royal ,road to ,panama1 0 laid b>e4 ,?ree to f\r feet wide or !reab\ts x 01 & at po9ts rudely pav$ ) cobble /ones4 ,! nature & dim5sions ( ! trail %[ t x 0 n int5d$ = :eel$ c>riages1 & inde$ a native vehicle is a r>ity on ! ,i/hmus today1 except 9 ! t[ns4 ,"t came :5 ) ! gr[+ p[] & cruelty ( ! ,spani>ds ?is ,cam9a ,reale1 or ,k+'s ,highway1 0 wat]$ ) ! blood ( ,indian slaves1 be>+ (t5 _! own possessions /ol5 f !m by ! ,spani>d :o pli$ on _! b5t backs 8 bloody la%4 ,x may h be5 ov] ?is trail t ,balboa c>ri$1 ) incr$ible labor1 ! frames ( ?ree %ips or c>avels1 :i* he aft]w>ds erect$ & laun*$ 9 ! ,pacific4 ,sev]al ye>s ago !re 7 f\nd 9 ! jungle ne> ,cruces two heavy an*ors1 ) #ad-;foot %afts & weigh+ ab\t #fjj p\nds :i* _h be5 c>ri$ ?us f> on ! way to ! ,pacific & !re dropp$ & left to ! k9dly burial ( ! tropical jungle4 ,:5 !y 7 discov]$ a too loyal graduate ( our milit>y academy at ,we/ ,po9t 9 *>ge ( "s eng9e]+ "w on ! ,i/hmus1 ?\ght x w\ld be a f9e ?+ to s5d !m up !re & h !m pres]v$ on ! p>ade gr\nd ( ! academy4 ,)\t ann\nc+ 8 int5tion he _h !m remov$ f ! spot :]e !y 7 f\nd & _h tak5 !m z f> z ! /eam%ip :>f at ,colon :5 ,col4 ,goe?als--:o has a habit ( he>+ ( ?+s t are n ann\nc$--quietly int]f]$4 ,! an*ors 7 remov$ to "s safe spot & 9 due "t w =m "p ( ! hi/oric decorations ( ! new city ( ,balboa4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,wat] ,,gates ,,9 ,,lock ,,wall ,?r\gh ^! gates ! wat] is admitt$ to ! great conduit 9 ! c5t] wall ( ! lock ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,lake ,,above ,,gatun ,d\btless by ! /&>ds ( ^! days ! weal? t 0 c>ri$ back & =? along ! ,royal ,road by m5 cru%$ l[ l t]mite ants b5ea? _! heavy burd5s1 0 n great4 ,yet "o gets "s idea ( ! volume ( ! trade f ,bancr(t's /atem5t t 9 ! ye> #afbd1 j f\r ye>s aft] ! l&+ ( ! ,mayfl[]1 goods to ! am\nt ( #a1ddf1cdf pesos d'oro 7practically an equal numb] ( doll>s71 7 regi/]$ at ! ,casa1 or cu/om h\se1 :ile probably #g millions ( doll>s' wor? ( goods 7 smuggl$ ?r\gh4 ,!re 7 great w>eh\ses !n & a /one *ur* ) a neighbor+ mona/]y to :i* x 0 cu/om>y to s5d ! *ildr5 ( ! ri*] p at ,nombre de ,dios to be kept until !y _h atta9$ _! sev5? ye>4 ,= t pi\sly nam$ t[n 0 almo/ a plague spot & its miasmatic atmosph]e 0 fatal to t5d] infants4 ,! pav$ trail e*oes no m ) ! mulete]'s cry1 or ! clatt] ( ho(s1 nor are !re w9e %ops to tempt ! travel]1 = !re are none to be tempt$4 ,b ev5 9 its palmie/ days ,cruces c\ld h be5 b a dismal spot4 ,gage1 a soldi] ( =tune & an it9]ant prea*]1 visit$ ! village 9 #afch & left u ?is record3 8,be=e t5 ( ! clock we got to ,v5ta de ,cruces :]e liv$ none b mulattoes & blackmores :o belong unto ! flat boates t m]*&ize to ,portobel4 ,!re ,i _h mu* good ent]ta9m5t by ! p :o desir$ me to prea* unto !m ! next ,sabba? day & gave me tw5ty cr[nes = my s]mon & procession4 ,aft] five days ( my abode !re1 ! boats set out1 :i* 7 mu* /opp$ 9 _! passage d[n ! riv]1 = 9 "s places we f\nd ! wat] v l[1 s t ! boats ran ^u ! gravel2 f :5ce ) poles & ! /r5g? ( ! blackmores !y 7 to be lift$ (f aga904 ,aft] ! lapse ( almo/ f\r c5turies we f\nd ! %all[s /ill !re & ! blackmores--or _! desc5dants--ready to c>ry our boat pa/ _! fall4 ,b ! p :o paid ! e>ly travel] tw5ty cr[ns = a s]mon _h vani%$ z irrevocably z ! city's public edifices1 & no desc5dants ( l piety rema94 ,morgan's fi]ce raid]s swept ?r\gh ! village 9 #afgj1 & its d[nfall may h begun !n1 = ! /\t ,prote/antism ( ! buccane]s manife/$ itself 9 burn+ ,ca?olic *ur*es & mona/]ies 9 int]vals ( ! less pi\s1 b m pleas+1 occupation ( robb+ ! ,spani>ds or tortur+ !m to extort confessions ( ! hid+ places ( _! weal?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h[ ,,!y ,,ga!r ,,at ,,! ,,riv] ,sir ,h5ry ,morgan1 h[ev]1 0 n ! only fam\s man ( battles to pass ?r\gh ,cruces4 ,9 #aheb a v quiet "y capta9 9 ! army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "o ,ulysses ,s4 ,grant1 0 !re 9 comm& ( a company ( ! ,f\r? ,regim5t ( ,infantry1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 proce$+ f ,new ,york to ,san ,francisco4 ,*ol]a broke out among ! m5 & ! loss :ile on ! ,i/hmus 0 heavy4 ,at ,cruces ! m5 7 deta9$ = days1 ! ro/] ( ! sick gr[+ daily1 :ile rascally contractors :o _h agre$ to furni% mules to ! army sold !m at high] prices to private p>ties eag] to get away f ! pe/ hole4 ,accord+ to ! surgeon's report ! situation 0 sav$ by ,grant1 :o made a new contract & en=c$ x--! latt] be+ a practice t grew on him 9 lat] days4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wa%]wom5',s ,,%elt]s ,,by ,,! ,,riv] ,= protection aga9/ ! burn+ sun !y erect small %anties ( palms ,= a brief space 9 ! days ( ! gold ru% to ,cali=nia 9 #ahdh-'ed1 ,cruces bade fair to rega9 its e>ly importance4 ,once ! half-way place on ! trail ( ,spani>ds m>*+ to /eal gold f ! ,p]uvians1 & ,engli%m5 foll[+ to rob & murd] ! robb]s 9 turn1 x became ! meet+ place ( prospectors go+ out to ,cali=nia full ( hope1 & ( m9]s return+1 "s lad5 ) gold b m b[$ ) disappo9tm5t4 ,aga9 ,cruces became ! po9t at :i* p & freights 7 transf]r$ f ! riv] to ! trail1 or vice v]sa4 ,b ano!r trail rea*$ ! riv]'s bank at ,gorgona & ?is village became a consid]able rival to ! old] & l>g] place high] up /ream4 ,"h 7 sev]al rambl+ wood5 h\ses dignifi$ by ! "n ( hotels ( :i* no trace rema9s today4 ,! :ole village1 a consid]able "o 9 ! spr+ ( #aiac1 ) a population ( at lea/ #c1jjj1 is to be ab&on$ to ! ris+ tide ( ,gatun ,lake1 & su* portions ( x z escape subm]g5ce by ! wat] w be ov]:elm$ by ! equally irresi/ible jungle4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,f]ry ,,on ,,! ,,upp] ,,*agres ,*>les ,t4 ,bidwell1 an ,engli% travel] :o cross$ ! ,i/hmus 9 #ahec by way ( ! ,gorgona r\te1 says ( ! pleasures ( a soj\rn 9 t t[n1 8,! place conta9$ a few /ores & m dr9k+ saloons1 mo/ ( :i* 7 kept by ! #8ent]pris+ ,yankee'4 ,! ,gorgona road to ,panama 0 j !n op51 x be+ passable only 9 ! dry season1 & x 0 e/imat$ t #b1jjj p]sons _h pass$ ?r\gh ?is place on _! way to or f ,cali=nia4 99 99 99 ,we decid$ to take ! ,gorgona road & arrang$ to h saddle mules ready 9 ! morn+ to convey u to ,panama = #bj ea* & to pay #af c5ts a p\nd additional = ! conveyance ( our luggage04 7,! di/ance n[ by rail1 :i* closely foll[s ! old trail is #af miles1 ! f>e #hj c5ts47 8,we !n w5t to inspect #8a free ball' :i* _h be5 got up ) all available spl5dor 9 honor ( "s fea/1 & "h we _h a r>e opportunity ( see+ assembl$ _m %ades ( color 9 ! human face div9e2 a gorge\s display ( native jewelry & n ! mo/ happy mixture ( bright colors 9 ! toilettes ( ^? :o claim$ to be ! #8fair sex'4 ,danc+ h[ev]1 & dr9k+ too1 seem$ to be kept up ) no lack ( _s & en]gy to ! inh>moni\s comb9ation ( a fiddle & a drum2 & ^? ( ! assembly ^: ta/es l$ !m to quiet] pursuits _h ! opportunity ( los+ at adjo9+ gam+ tables ! doll>s !y _h s easily & quickly extract$ f ! travel]s :o _h _h occasion to avail !mselves ( _! s]vices4 ,^! tables too 7 kept by ! ent]pris+ ,yankee4 ,hav+ se5 all ?is1 & smok$ out our cig>s1 we s\ght our b$s1 :5 we f\nd = ea* a %elf or bunk 9 a room :i* our ho/ boa/$ _h at a pu% conta9$ tw5ty-five or ?irty p4 99 99 99 ,on awak5+ at daylight ,i f\nd a bas9 & a pail ( wat] set out 9 ! op5 air on an old pian(orte1 :i* "s travel] _h probably be5 tempt$ to br+ ?us f> on ! road04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,w4 ,t4 ,bey] ,,! ,,mu* ,,priz$ ,,iguana ,?is liz>d1 :i* atta9s a l5g? ( five feet1 is e/eem$ a delicacy 9 ,panama ,! writ] goes on to say t x took a little ov] two days to trav]se ! di/ance to ,panama1 ! guides hav+ /ol5 ! mules !y _h r5t$ & made (f dur+ ! night4 ,above ,cruces ! banks ( ! ,*agres beg9 to rise 9 p]p5dicul> lime/one cliffs1 p]haps #fj or #gj feet high :ile f _! cre/s ! giant tropic trees1 ! wild fig1 ! ,panama1 ! ,ceiba & ! s5t9el rise yet ano!r "o hundr$ feet into ! bright blue sky4 ,among/ !m fla% back & =? bright color$ p>rots & p>oquets1 k+fi%]s l ^? ( our nor!rn /ates1 only gaudi]1 & swall[s innum]able4 ,up & d[n ! riv] fly heavy cormorants di/urb$ by ! clank ( ! poles among ! /ones ( ! riv] bottom1 b n too %y to come )9 #ej feet or s ( our boat :]e1 mu* to my satisfaction1 !re is no gun4 ,:ite & blue h]ons /& /atuesque 9 ! %all[s ) n[ & !n an aigret4 ,( life o!r ?an fea!r$ "o sees b little "h4 ,a few fi% leap$1 b ?\gh ! riv] 0 cry/all9e & my guide assur$ me x 0 full ( fi% ,i saw none lurk+ 9 ei!r deeps or %all[s4 ,yet he mu/ h be5 "r = ! natives make mu* ( fi% z an article ( diet1 cat*+ !m *iefly by night l9es or ! unsportsmanlike practice ( dynamit+ ! /ream1 :i* has be5 prohibit$ by ! ,panama au?orities1 al?\gh ! prohibition is b little en=c$4 ,n[ & !n an alligator slips lazily f ! %ore into ! /ream b !y are n z pl5tiful "h z 9 ! tidal wat]s ( ! l[] riv]4 ,occasionally1 too1 a %rill cry f "o ( our boatm51 tak5 up by ! o!r two at once1 turns att5tion to ! und]bru% on ! bank1 :]e ! unga9ly =m ( an iguana is se5 scuttl+ = safety4 ,uglie/ ( bea/s is ! iguana1 a gre5i%1 bulb\s1 pop-ey$ crocodile1 he s]ves z ! be/ possible model = a dragon to be sla9 by "s ,/4 ,george4 ,! ,gila mon/] ( ,arizona is a v]itable ,v5us ( reptiles 9 comp>ison to him1 & ! devil fi% c\ld give him no lessons 9 repulsiv5ess4 ,yet ! ,panamanian loves him de>ly z a di%4 ,let "o scurry across ! road1 or1 dropp+ f a b\gh1 walk on ! surface ( a riv]--z !y lit]ally d--& e d>k-sk9n$ native 9 sight w set up su* a %\t z we may fancy rose f oldtime revell]s :5 ! bo>'s head 0 br\ght 9 = ! ,yuletide fea/4 ,n m does ! ,mississippi d>key love 8 possum an' sweet 'tat]s1 ! ,*9aman 8 bird's ne/ s\p & wat]melon se$s1 ! ,fr5*man 8 abs9! or ! ,g]man 8 be] ?an does ! ,panamanian 8 iguana4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cruces--,a ,,little ,,t[n ,,) ,a ,,long ,,hi/ory ,9 a mild way ! ,*agres may lay claim to be+ a sc5ic /ream1 & p]haps 9 future days :5 ! excell5ce ( its climate 9 ! w9t] becomes kn[n 9 our ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! back wat]s ( ! lake h made its upp] rea*es navigable1 excursion laun*es may ply above ,cruces & almo/ to ,alhajuela4 ,ne> ! latt] po9t is a spot :i* %\ld become a %r9e = ,progressive ,republican pilgrims4 ,a l[ cliff ( :ite lime/one1 swept cle> ( vegetation & poli%$ by ! riv] at high wat] describes an arc ( a circle holl[$ out by ! swift riv] :i* ru%es und]nea?4 ,spr+s on ! bluff above h s5t out little rivulets :i* trickl+ d[n ! face ( ! /one h sc>r$ x ) p>allel v]tical grooves a foot or two ap>t4 ,se5 f ! fur!r side ( ! /ream x be>s a />tl+ lik5ess to a huge human upp] jaw ) gli/5+ tee?4 ,) a f9e s5se ( ! fitness ( ?+s ! riv] m5 h nam$ x 8,boca del ,roosevelt0--,roosevelt's m\?4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,native ,,*>coal ,,burn] ,"s ( ! fluviograph /ations are locat$ f> beyond ! limits ( ! ,canal ,zone1 b by ! t]ms ( ! treaty ) ! ,republic ( ,panama ! ,canal ,commission has ov] su* headwat]s & rea*es ( ! ,*agres su* jurisdiction z may be necess>y = ! protection & regulation ( ,gatun ,lake4 ,we w5t to "o ( ^! /ations "s #bj miles ( pol+ up ! ,*agres beyond ,alhajuela4 ,! keep] 0 a native ( ! ,can>y ,isl&s :o _h ma/]$ ,engli% suffici5tly to make 8 reports ov] ! 'phone4 ,8 wife1 :o greet$ u 9 />*$ cotton ) a p9k hair ribbon1 p9k %oes & a weal? ( silv] ornam5ts1 0 a native1 d>k ( complexion z a ,jamaica negress1 b h] si/] :o 0 !re on a visit 0 z :ite z a ,caucasian4 ,doctors on ! ,zone say t ^! curi\s v>iations 9 type 9 ! same family are s common t !y c nev] =etell )9 sev]al %ades1 ! complexion ( a baby ab\t to be born4 ,! keep] ( ?is /ation 0 paid #fe4ej mon?ly & ! ,commission suppli$ 8 h\se1 :i* 0 ( ! native type & co/ ab\t #he4 ,?\gh _m *ildr51 pickan9nies1 little ,can>ies or :atev] clu/]$ ab\t 8 door1 8 liv+ exp5ses 7 practically no?+4 ,exp5se = clo?+ began only :5 ! y\ng/]s _h rea*$ #aa or #ab ye>s ( age & !reaft] 0 almo/ negligible--z inde$ 7 ! clo!s4 ,! riv] furni%$ fi%1 ! jungle iguanas1 wild pigs & birds2 ! little g>d5 pat* yams1 bananas1 mangoes & o!r fruits4 ,he 0 f> remov$ f ! temptations ( ,mata*91 or o!r riot\s m>ket places & he sav$ practically all ( 8 pay4 ,8 ambition 0 to get en\gh to return to 8 native isles1 buy a w9e-%op & settle d[n to a leisurely old age--?\gh no occupation c\ld mu* outdo = laz9ess ! task ( wat*+ = ! ris+ ( ! ,*agres 9 ! dry season4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,natives' ,,aft]noon ,,tea ,return+ f ! upp] wat]s ( ! ,*agres "o rea*es ,gatun ,lake at ,gamboa :]e ! railway bridge crosses on sev5 /one pi]s4 ,a little above is a fluviograph /ation fitt$ ) a wire cable ext5d+ across ! /ream & c>ry+ a c> f :i* an obs]v] may take measurem5ts ( ! cre/ ( any flood4 ,inde$ ! riv] is wat*$ & measur$ to its v s\rces4 ,x long ago prov$ itself unfit = tru/1 & "o :o has se5 x 9 flood "t1 #dj feet high] ?an normal1 be>+ on its angry1 tawny bosom h\ses1 great trees1 cayucas /ol5 f _! own]s1 & dead animals1 sweep+ away bluffs at b5ds & roll+ great b\ld]s along its banks1 w readily und]/& :y ! build]s ( ! ,canal /ation$ sc\ts & spies ?r\gh\t ! ,*agres t]ritory to s5d ample & e>ly w>n+ ( its com+ wra?4 ,leav+ ! ,*agres1 turn+ into ,gatun ,lake & direct+ our c\rse away f ! dam & t[>d ! ,pacific end ( ! ,canal1 we trav]s$ a broad & placid body ( wat] int]sp]s$ ) d5sely wood$ isl&s1 :i* v soon n>r[s to ! normal wid? ( ! ,canal4 ,9 midsumm]1 #aiac1 :5 ! au?or conduct$ 8 inspection1 a broad dyke at ,bas ,obispo cut (f ,gatun ,lake & its wat]s f ! ,canal tr5*1 !n dry1 :i* "h ext5ds 9 an almo/ /raight l9e1 #cjj feet wide1 ?r\gh /eadily ris+ banks to ! cont95tal divide at ,culebra4 ,! railroad !n cross$ ^u ?is dyke to ! we/]n side ( ! ,canal & pass$ ?r\gh sev]al con/ruction t[ns & villages1 ab&on$ lat] :5 ! ,canal 0 fill$ & ! railroad mov$ to ! o!r side4 ,t\ri/s ) an eye = ! spectacul> us$ to /& on ?is dyke & speculate ^u ! ?rill+ sight :5 a huge bla/ ( dynamite %\ld r5d ! b>ri]1 & 9 a mighty wave ! wat]s ( ,gatun ,lake %\ld ru% d[n ! broad *annel betwixt ! et]nal hills to make at la/ ! long desir$ wat]way f ,ori5t to ,occid5t4 ,b unhappily ,col4 ,goe?als & 8 associates uns5tim5tally put ! picturesque aside = ! practical4 ,no dynamite bla/1 no surg+ *>ge ( wat]s ?r\gh ! cut1 ent]$ into _! program4 ,in/ead ) mighty siphons ! wat] 0 to be lift$ ov] ! b>ri] & p\r$ into ! ,canal = days until ! two bodies ( wat] 7 ne>ly at a level4 ,!n by ! prosaic use ( float+ dr$ges ! dyke w\ld be remov$ & ! ,canal op5$ f ,gatun ,locks to ! locks at ,p$ro ,miguel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pi]s ,,( ,,! ,,ab&on$ ,,panama ,,railway ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,! ,,culebra ,,cut4 ,te*nically :at is kn[n z ! ,culebra ,cut ext5ds f ,bas ,obispo to ! locks at ,p$ro ,miguel1 a di/ance ( n9e miles4 ,to ! g5]al public und]/&+1 h[ev]1 ! t]m applies only to ! po9t ( greate/ excavation betwe5 ,gold ,hill & ,contractor's ,hill4 ,b at ,bas ,obispo ! walls ( ! ,canal = ! fir/ "t rise above ! wat] level ( ,gatun ,lake4 ,at t po9t ! cutt+ beg9s1 ! walls ris+ high] & high]1 ! ,canal press+ /ubbornly onw>d at a dead level1 until ! supreme height ( ! cont95tal divide is atta9$ at ,gold ,hill4 ,!nce=w>d on ! l9e t[>d ,panama ,city ! hills gr[ l[] until at ! entrance to ! locks at ,p$ro ,miguel ! banks s9k practically to ! wat] level4 ,out ( ?is n9e mile /ret* !re _h be5 tak5 up to ,janu>y #a1 #aiac1 j #hh1eca1bcg cubic y>ds ( mat]ial & x 0 !n e/imat$ t !re !n rema9$ to be excavat$ #e1cea1dai cubic y>ds m4 ,b ! lat] e/imate 0 de/9$ to be l>gely increas$ =1 aft] ! date at :i* x 0 made1 ! numb] & ext5t ( 8slides0 9 ! deepe/ "p ( ! cut increas$ to /agg]+ proportions4 ,col4 ,d4 ,d4 ,gaill>d1 ,memb] ( ! ,commission & ,division ,eng9e] 9 *>ge ( ! ,culebra ,cut1 e/imat$ 9 #aiab t 9 all #aae1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds w\ld h to be remov$4 ,to ! g5]al public ! slides seem$ to m5ace ! v exi/5ce & practicability ( ! ,canal1 ?\gh ! eng9e]s knew t !y began ev5 ) ! sup]ficial excavat+ done by ! ,fr5*1 & _h !re=e made all[ance = !m 9 _! e/imates4 ,n suffici5t all[ance h[ev] 0 made1 & z mon? aft] mon? br\ght tid+s ( new slides1 ) t]rify+ details ( su* incid5ts z :ole =e/s mov+1 va/ cracks op5+ 9 ! e>?1 l>ge build+s 9 imm95t dang] ( be+ swept into ! ,cut1 ! bottom ( ! ,canal my/]i\sly ris+ t5 to fifte5 feet 9 ! air1 :ile smoke ooz$ f ! pores ( ! adjac5t e>?--:5 su* direful reports fill$ ! newspap]s ! public became n]v\s1 almo/ ab&on+ hope ( ! success ( ! great ent]prise4 ,illu/ration3 ,,work+ ,,on ,,?ree ,,levels ,?is attitude ( appreh5sion on ! "p ( ! public is sc>cely surpris+4 ,if ! ,capitol ,p>k at ,wa%+ton1 ) ! ,national ,capitol cre/+ x1 %\ld sudd5ly beg9 to move d[n into ,p5nsylvania ,av5ue at ! rate ( ab\t ?ree feet a day ! au?orities ( ! city w\ld naturally feel "s degree ( annoyance4 ,& if ! smoo? & level asphalt ( t hi/oric ?or\ghf>e %\ld1 ov] night1 rise up into ! air #ah feet 9 spots ^? responsible = traffic might n unreasonably be some:at worri$4 ,su* a ph5om5on w\ld n be s />tl+ 9 m]e magnitude z ! slides :i* add$ s greatly to ! "w ( ! eng9e]s on ! ,canal1 & made t\ri/s1 wise ) ! ripe fruits ( five days' obs]vation1 wag _! heads kn[+ly :5 ,col4 ,goe?als calmly repeat$ 8 ass]tion t ! wat] w\ld be turn$ 9 by ,augu/4 ,! ,colonel1 h[ev]1 _h n )drawn or ev5 modifi$ ?is prophecy s late z ,june #aj1 #aiac4 ,despite ! almo/ daily news ( increas$ activity ( ! slides he clung ) t5acity to 8 purpose ( putt+ a %ip ?r\gh 9 ,octob]4 ,illu/ration3 ,c\rtesy ( ,sci5tific ,am]ican ,,! ,,orig9al ,,culebra ,,slide ,a ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 club _h to be mov$ to escape ?is slide :i* 9 #aiac 0 /ill mov+ ,if ^! slides 7 an entirely new & unexpect$ developm5t = :i* no all[ance ( ei!r "t or money _h be5 made 9 ! e/imates ( ! ,canal build]s !y w\ld ( c\rse ju/ify ! appreh5sion !y h awak5$ 9 ! non-pr(essional m9d4 ,b ! slides 7 9 fact anticipat$4 ,! fir/ slide record$ dur+ our "w on ! ,i/hmus 0 9 #aije2 ! o!rs h only be5 bigg]1 & h be5 bigg] only because ! ,canal be+ dug deep] has weak5$ ! bases ( ev5 bigg] hills along ! banks4 ,all ! same1 ! proportions ( ! slides are t]rify+ & ! *ief geologi/ decl>$ t !y w\ld n cease until ! angle ( ! ,canal bank became s g5tle t gravity w\ld n pull ! cre/ d[n4 ,! slides are ( two sorts4 ,! simpl] is a m]e swift ru% ( all ! loose surface dirt1 s&1 gravel & /one d[n ! surface ( ! bank4 ,^! gravity slides1 m]e dirt avalan*es1 ?\gh tr\blesome1 pres5t no new problems4 ,to /op !m x is necess>y only to c>ry ! cre/ ( ! bank fur!r back s t ! angle w be less /eep4 ,b ! great1 tr\blesome slides are ^? caus$ by ! pressure ( ! hill-top on its und]m9$ & weak5$ base4 ,^! orig9ate at ! top ( ! hill1 mak+ _! pres5ce kn[n by gap+ fissures op5+ 9 ! e>? & ext5d+ 9 l9es r\ghly p>allel to ! ,canal4 ,once />t$ ! :ole mass1 acres 9 ext5t1 moves sl[ly t[>d ! cavity ( ! ,canal1 ?ree feet a day be+ its swifte/ record$ progress4 ,at ,culebra ! slides compell$ ! mov+ ( a l>ge "p ( ! t[n away f ! edge ( ! ,cut1 le/ x be swept into ! gorge4 ,! ,culebra ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 clubh\se1 ! l>ge/ on ! ,zone _h to be torn d[n to escape ?is p]il4 ,z ! slide moves sl[ly d[nw>d1 its colossal weight appli$ at po9ts :]e nature _h made no provision = x1 =ces ! e>? upw>d at ! po9t :]e x c (f] ! lea/ resi/ance1 namely ! b$ ( ! ,canal4 ,sometimes ?is upheaval1 s my/]i\s to ! non-te*nical m9d1 atta9s a height ( eighte5 feet4 ,aga91 ! friction ( ?is huge mass ( /one & gravel creates heat1 :i* turns into /eam ! rills ( wat] t ev]y:]e p]colates ?r\gh ! soil4 ,! upheaval ( ! ,canal b$1 & ! occasional outp\r+s ( /eam h l$ at times to exagg]at$ & :olly unf\nd$ reports 9 ! newspap]s ( volcanic action be+ "o ( ! new problems ) :i* ! ,canal build]s _h to grapple4 ,! /ory told ab\t ! ext5t ( ! slides is suffici5tly al>m+1 b ! calmness ) :i* ,col4 ,goe?als & 8 lieut5ants meet ! situation is reassur+4 ,accord+ to ! (ficial report !re 7 tw5ty-six slides & breaks 9 ,culebra ,cut to ,janu>y #a1 #aiac ) a total area ( #bbe acres4 ,s9ce t date _m o!rs h occurr$4 ,x is e/imat$ t because ( slides betwe5 #ba1jjj1jjj & #bb1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds ( mat]ial 9 excess ( ! orig9al e/imate w h be5 tak5 out ( ! ,cut be=e completion4 ,?is is j ab\t "o-fif? ( ! total am\nt ( excavation1 dry & wet1 e/imat$ orig9ally = ! :ole ,canal4 ,b ! attitude ( ! eng9e]s t[>d ?is addition to _! labors 0 m]ely "o ( calm acceptance ( ! inevitable & a dogg$ det]m9ation to get ! /uff out ( ! way4 ,! slides 7 an ob/acle2 s 0 ! :ole i/hmus = t matt]4 ,b all t 0 necess>y 0 to keep ! %ovels work+ & ! slides w\ld be remov$ & ! i/hmus pi]c$4 ,to my m9d "o ( ! f9e/ evid5ces ( ! _s animat+ ! ,canal =ce 0 ! fa%ion 9 :i* ?is problem ( ! slides has be5 approa*$4 ,x 0 at fir/ disappo9t+1 almo/ demoraliz+1 to f9d ov] night ! "w ( weeks undone & ! day :5 8f9is0 c\ld be writt5 to ! volume put f> ov] into ! future4 ,b ! only effect 0 a tight] grip on ! pick & ! %ovel1 a new det]m9ation to =ce ?r\gh ! ,canal4 ,culebra 0 approa*$ z ,grant approa*$ ,vicksburg4 ,to r$uce x & to op5 ! ,canal to traffic1 z ,grant op5$ ! ,mississippi to ! /eamboats ( ! nation1 took m "t ?an 0 at fir/ expect$1 b x _h to be done4 ,! dirt c\ld n always slide 9 fa/] ?an x c\ld be c>t$ out1 = 9 "t !re w\ld be no dirt left to slide4 ,& s1 undismay$ & int5t ^u success1 ! :ole =ce f ,col4 ,goe?als to ! y\nge/ eng9e] mov$ on ,culebra & ! doom ( t /ubborn block to progress 0 seal$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,slide ,,on ,,we/ ,,bank ,,( ,,! ,,canal ,,ne> ,,culebra ,picture %[s ab\t #a1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds ( mat]ial mov+ t[>d ! cut at ab\t ?ree y>ds a day ,to ! unsci5tific m9d ! slides are t]rify+ 9 _! magnitude & 9 ! evid5ce !y give ( irresi/ible =ce4 ,man c no m *eck _! advance ?an he c t ( a glaci] :i* 9 a way !y resemble4 ,:5 ,i 0 on ! ,i/hmus ! great ,cuc>a*a slide 0 9 progress1 & _h be5 = t matt] s9ce #aijg4 ,x _h a total area ( #dg acres & ext5d$ up ! ea/ bank ( ! ,canal = ab\t #aijj feet f ! axis ( ! ,canal4 ,:5 x began its progress 0 disconc]t+ly rapid4 ,its base1 foot1 or 8toe0--^! anatomical t]ms 9 eng9e]+ are sometimes p]plex+--mov$ across ! canal b$ at ! rate ( #ad feet a day4 ,all t /ood 9 its pa? 0 buri$1 torn to pieces or c>ri$ along ) ! resi/less glaci] ( mud4 ,n cont5t ) fill+ ! ,canal f "o side to ! o!r1 ! dirt rose on ! fur!r side to a height ( ab\t #cj feet4 ,n only 0 ! "w ( mon?s oblit]at$1 b "w 0 laid out = ye>s to come4 ,inde$ 9 #aiac !y 7 /ill digg+ at ! ,cuc>a*a slide & ! end 0 n 9 sight4 ,?is slide 0 :olly a gravity slide1 caus$ by a mass ( e>? slipp+ on ! incl9$ surface ( "s smoo? & slipp]y mat]ial l clay on :i* x re/s4 ,! nature ( ! ph5om5on is cle>ly %[n by ! diagram pr9t$ on ! next page 9 :i* ! slide m>k$ ,c is ( ! type j describ$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,attack+ ,,! ,,cuc>a*a ,,slide ,?is slide has fill$ ! ,cut f side to side4 ,a p>tial ,cut has be5 dug ?r\gh its c5t] & ! %ovels are se5 work+ on ei!r side4 ,! tracks are mov$ nightly z ! mat]ial is remov$4 ,on ! we/ bank ( ! ,canal occurr$ a slide ( ! second type caus$ by ! cru%+ & squeez+ out ( und]ly+ lay]s ( s(t mat]ial by ! prodigi\s pressure ( ! high banks left unt\*$ by ! /eam %ovels4 ,?is slide is usually accompani$ by ! upris+ ( ! b$ ( ! ,canal sometimes to a height ( ?irty feet4 ,col4 ,gaill>d tells ( /&+ on ! b$ ( ! ,canal1 obs]v+ ! work+ ( a /eam %ovel1 :5 x gradually dawn$ ^u him t he 0 no long] on ! level ( ! %ovel4 ,at fir/ he ?\ght t ! %ovel mu/ h be5 plac$ ^u a bit ( boggy l& & 0 sl[ly s9k+1 b on inve/igation he discov]$ t ! po9t on :i* he 0 /&+ _h be5 sl[ly ris+ until )9 five m9utes he _h be5 lift$ six feet )\t j> & ) no s5sation ( motion4 ,a p]fectly simple illu/ration ( ! way 9 :i* ?is elevation ( ! b$ ( ! ,canal is caus$ may be obta9$ by press+ ! h& ^u a pan ( d\gh4 ,! d\gh w ( c\rse rise at ! side ( ! h&4 ,on ! 8big job0 ! t[]+ hills furni%$ ! pressure1 ! b$ ( ! ,canal rose l ! d\gh4 ,9 ! diagram already ref]r$ to1 ! slide to ! "r m>k$ 8,b0 is ( ! type "h describ$4 ,to cope ) x1 ! "w ( ! %ovels & dirt tra9s 9 ! ,canal c>ry+ ! dbris away is supplem5t$ by o!rs above remov+ ! cre/ ( ! slide & ?us light5+ ! pressure4 ,9 ! diagram %ovels are %[n ?us work+ on two levels1 b ,i h se5 f\r t]races ( ! same slide be>+ /eam %ovels & rumbl+ dirt tra9s hurry+ ! dbris away to :]e x w no long] be a m5ace4 ,illu/ration3 ,,diagram ,,( ,,culebra ,,cut ,,slides ,c4 is a slide mov+ ov] a slipp]y surface2 ! mass ,b breaks on a l9e ( cleavage & cru%es ! und]ly+ mat]ial1 =c+ x up at ,a4 ,! /eam %ovels are work+ to r$uce pressure on ,b ,illu/ration3 ,c\rtesy ( ,sci5tific ,am]ican ,a ,,rock ,,slide ,,ne> ,,empire ,ab\t #djj1jjj cubic y>ds ( rock broke away1 half fill+ ! cut & op5+ x to ! wat] ( ! ,obispo ,div]sion ,canal ,! ,culebra slide possess$ a c]ta9 remorselessness :i* 0 n manife/$ by any ( ! o!rs 9 q s picturesque a way4 ,= ?is slide1 ) app>5tly human malice1 attack$ n only ! "w done on ! ,canal prop]1 b l a well direct$ army mov$ on ! headqu>t]s ( its foe4 ,its fir/ manife/ation appe>$ 9 ! =m ( a wide crack 9 ! e>? at ! cre/ ( ! hill on :i* sits ! t[n ( ,culebra1 & directly 9 front ( ! build+ us$ by ,col4 ,gaill>d z division headqu>t]s = ! eng9e]s4 ,retreat 0 ! only c\rse possible 9 ! face ( su* an enemy & ! build+ 0 sacrific$4 ,! ,culebra ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 clubh\se too 0 a po9t ( attack = ! remorseless foe4 ,x /ood on ! v cre/ ( ! hill1 a beautiful build+ on a mo/ beautiful site4 ,! s]p5t ( ,culebra ,cut--! ^w 8culebra0 means snake--saw ?is pleasant place ( re/ & m>k$ x = 8 own4 ,no?+ rema9$ b to rally a =ce ( m5 & te> ! build+ d[n = rerection at "s o!r po9t4 ,x 0 probably ! l>ge/ & mo/ attractive clubh\se on ! ,zone1 b :]e x once /ood !re 0 a ne>ly %e] drop ( ab\t sixty feet1 :5 fir/ ,i visit$ ! sc5e ( ! slide4 ,be=e ! spot1 too1 on :i* ! eng9e]+ headqu>t]s _h /ood1 !re 0 a pat* ( lawn t _h slid "s eighty feet d[n into ! ,cut4 ,) x travel$ along a "y eucalyptus tree wav+ its leaves defiantly 9 ! face ( ! enemy t 0 be>+ x to irrevocable disa/]4 ,:e!r ! ,culebra slide _h atta9$ its fulle/ proportions 9 #aiac c\ld n be told ) c]ta9ty ?\gh ! belief 0 curr5t t x _h4 ,:ile ! cre/ ( ! hill _h n be5 fully rea*$1 ! top ( ! slide began at ! edge ( a sort ( jog or t]race t ext5d$ away f ! ,cut "s di/ance on a level be=e ! gr\nd began to slope upw>d aga94 ,%\ld x ext5d fur!r a v consid]able & beautiful "p ( ! t[n w\ld be de/roy$1 b z x is to be ab&on$ 9 any ev5t on ! completion ( ! ,canal1 ?is phase ( ! matt] does n give ! ,commission mu* conc]n4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,au?or ,,at ,,culebra ,,cut ,illu/ration3 ,,cutt+ ,,at ,,base ,,( ,,contractors ,,hill ,?is %[s ! po9t at :i* ! ,cut is deepe/4 ,! actual level ( canal b$ 0 n rea*$ at ! "t ?is photograph 0 tak5 ,a ?ird slide1 ( less] proportions :i* s]i\sly complicat$ ! "w ( ! eng9e]s1 occurr$ ne> ,empire 9 ,augu/1 #aiab4 ,"h ab\t #djj1jjj cubic y>ds ( rock slipp$ into ! ,cut1 wreck+ c>s1 de/roy+ tracks & ma*9]y & flood+ ! ,canal ) wat] f ! ,obispo div]sion4 ,x is n g5]ally kn[n t p>allel to ! ,canal at v>i\s po9ts are dug small] canals1 or big dit*es1 = ! purpose ( cat*+ & c>ry+ (f ! heavy annual ra9fall on ! canal wat]%$4 ,^! div]sion dit*es co/ mu* 9 "t & labor4 ,"o 0 con/ruct$ by ! ,fr5*4 ,ano!r1 #e miles long1 kn[n z ! ,obispo div]sion1 co/ #a1bej1jjj & 0 absolutely ess5tial to ! con/ruction ( ! ,canal4 ,! rock slide1 above ref]r$ to1 broke d[n ! b>ri] betwe5 ! ,canal cut & ! div]sion dit* & fill$ ! =m] ) an untimely flood :i* x took "t to /ay & pump out4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,rock ,,slide ,,at ,,las ,,cascades ,a /eam %ovel 0 :olly demoli%$ b its op]ators escap$4 ,! slides h seldom co/ lives ,f all p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates citiz5s int]e/$ 9 ! progress ( ! ,canal--& only ^? at ! "w c tell h[ widespread & patriotic t int]e/ is--h s5t sugge/ions = *eck+ ^! slides4 ,practically all h be5 impracticable--a few only inde$ h be5 ?\ght wor?y ( be+ put to ! te/4 ,"o t = a "t seem$ wor? try+ 0 ! sugge/ion t ! wall ( ! cut be pla/]$ ) concrete1 b9d+ its surface toge!r 9 a solid mass4 ,b ^u t be+ done x 0 demon/rat$ t ! slides 7 n sup]ficial b basic1 & concrete face & all w5t d[n to "o g5]al de/ruction :5 ! movem5t began4 ,"o curi\s fact ab\t ! slides is t !y d n inv>iably slide d[n ?r\gh\t _! entire c\rse4 ,occasionally !y take a turn upw>d4 ,"o tree at ,cuc>a*a 0 po9t$ out to me :i* aft] mov+ maje/ically d[n = a space 0 c>ri$ upw>d ov] a slope = #ajj feet1 & !n hav+ pass$ ! cre/ ( ! hill />t$ d[n aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,slic+ ,,(f ,,! ,,*ief ,,eng9e]',s ,,(fice ,! slides are by no means :olly 9 ! wet season despite ! popul> impression to t effect1 ?\gh x 0 9 ! height ( t season t ! "o at ,cuc>a*a began4 ,yet ,i h se5 a slide mov+ sl[ly 9 ,janu>y :5 ! %ovels digg+ fi]cely at its base 7 en%r\d$ 9 cl\ds ( du/4 ,curi\sly en\gh ?\gh tracks h be5 torn up1 ma*9]y engulf$ & wrung into indi/+ui%able tangles ( /eel1 no man 0 caught 9 any ( ^! avalan*es prior to ,may1 #aiac1 :5 ?ree 7 ?us lo/4 ,! tax !y h put ^u "t & labor h[ev] has be5 heavy en\gh4 ,)9 ! #h miles ( ! ,culebra ,cut fully #bjj miles ( track h be5 cov]$ up1 de/roy$ or necess>ily rebuilt because ( slides1 & at "o po9t tracks _h to be ma9ta9$ = ne>ly two ye>s on gr\nd mov+ f ?ree or f\r in*es to sev]al feet a day4 ,( c\rse ?is necessitat$ ! con/ant "w ( repair gangs & track lay]s4 ,:5 ! ,canal is complet$ ne>ly #bb ( ! excavation w h be5 ( mat]ial put 9 ! way by slides--a fact :i* seems to give "s belat$ support to ! prophecy ( ! e>ly ,spani% !ologians t ,god w\ld n p]mit ! ,i/hmus to be pi]c$1 b w\ld array new & unexpect$ =ces aga9/ s blasphem\s an ef=t to int]f]e ) ,8 p]fect "w4 ,"o feature ( ! slides :i* w\ld surely h aw$ ! pi\s prophets ( ! ,spani% day1 & :i* did inde$ consid]ably p]plex our m prosaic eng9e]s1 0 ! little wisps ( smoke t arose f ! sl[ly mov+ soil4 ,t ?is 0 volcanic few believ$1 except "s newspap] correspond5ts 9 eag] se>* = s5sations4 ,! true explanation t heat g5]at$ by friction work+ ^u ! wat] 9 ! e>? caus$ ! /eam 0 all v well & complete z an explanation ( t p>ticul> ph5om5on4 ,b x left a c]ta9 worri$ feel+ 9 ! m9ds ( ! m5 :o sp5t _! days 9 putt+ hundr$s ( plugs ( dynamite into holes drill$ 9 ! rock :i* ! sci5ti/s decl>$ sup]heat$4 ,dropp+ a dynamite c>tridge into a r$-hot rock is apt to create a m5ace to ! cont9u$ life & heal? ( ! dropp] :i* ev5 ! excell5t sanit>y brigade ( ,col4 ,gorgas c\ld sc>cely control successfully4 ,= a "t !re 0 a halt 9 ! bla/+ op]ations & inde$ two bla/s 7 fir$ prematurely by ?is natural heat1 b =tunately )\t loss ( life4 ,f9ally ! s*eme 0 devis$ ( ?ru/+ an iron pipe into ! drill hole & leav+ x !re a few m9utes4 ,if x 0 cool to ! t\* on )drawal all 0 well2 if hot a /ream ( wat] 0 kept play+ 9 ! hole :ile ! *>ge 0 ins]t$ & tamp$ d[n4 ,dynamite has be5 man's mo/ useful slave 9 ?is great "w1 b l all slaves x n[ & !n rises 9 fi]ce & murd]\s revolt4 8,?\gh dur+ ! pa/ ?ree & "o-qu>t] ye>s1 9 "w "u ! writ]'s *>ge01 writes ,col4 ,gaill>d1 8ov] #bj1jjj1jjj p\nds ( dynamite 7 us$ 9 bla/+1 b eight m5 h be5 kill$1 ?ree ( :om fail$ to g to a safe di/ance & 7 kill$ by fly+ /ones1 & two by misc\nt+ ! numb] ( %ots :i* _h gone (f 9 a #8dobe' gr\p1 & approa*+ ! gr\p be=e ! la/ %ot _h explod$04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,h[ ,,t\ri/s ,,see ,,! ,,cut ,! picture %[s ,v9c5t ,a/or's p>ty 9 ! obs]vation c> ,some?+ l #ab1jjj1jjj p\nds ( dynamite a ye> 0 import$ f 8! /ates0 to keep ! job go+1 ov] #f1jjj1jjj p\nds a ye> be+ us$ 9 ,culebra ,cut alone1 & _m an unsuspect+ pass5g] danc$ ov] ! toss+ ,atlantic waves ) a c>go b5ea? him explosive en\gh to bl[ him to ! moon4 ,on ! ,zone ! /uff is h&l$ ) all ! c>e t long famili>ity has %[n to be necess>y1 b to ! un9itiat$ x looks c>eless en\gh4 ,x is h[ev] a fact t ! accid5ts are cont9ually less5+ 9 numb] & 9 fatalities caus$4 ,! greate/ accid5t ( all occurr$ ,decemb] #ab1 #aijh1 :5 we _h be5 only f\r ye>s on ! job4 ,x 0 at ,bas ,obispo1 & 9 ord] to ?r[ ov] ! face ( a hill ( rock t rose f ! we/ bank ( ! ,canal at t po9t ne>ly #dd1jjj p\nds ( dynamite _h be5 neatly tamp$ away 9 ! holes drill$ = t purpose4 ,actually ! la/ hole ( ?is prodigi\s batt]y 0 be+ tamp$ :5 x explod$ & set (f all ! o!rs4 ,a colossal concussion %ook all ! face ( ! e>?4 ,! side ( ! hill vani%$ 9 a cl\d ( smoke & du/ f :i* fly+ rocks & trees rose into ! air4 ,:5 ! ro> ( ! explosion di$ away cries ( angui% rose on ! trembl+ air4 ,ab\t ! sc5e ( ! explosion an army ( m5 _h be5 work+1 & ( ^! #bf _h be5 kill$ outright & a ho/ m w\nd$4 ,no su* disa/] has ev] occurr$ aga9 ?\gh !re h be5 sev]al small ones1 & _m n>r[ escapes f l>ge ones4 ,once a /eam %ovel tak+ its accu/om$ bite ( f\r or five cubic y>ds ( dirt1 engulf$ at ! same "t ab\t a bu%el ( dynamite left f ! ,fr5* days4 ,aga9 ! tee? ( a %ovel bit ^u ! fulm9ate cap ( a =gott5 *>ge4 ,9 bo? ^! cases ! miracul\s happ5$ & no explosion occurr$4 ,:5 "o reads 9 ! ,(ficial ,h&book issu$ by ! ,commission t a p\nd ( dynamite has be5 us$ to ab\t e two cubic y>ds ( mat]ial bla/$1 & comp>es x ) ! total excavation ( ab\t #bjj1jjj1jjj cubic y>ds "o ?9ks t ev5 ! und\bt$ s9s ( ! ,i/hmus dur+ its riot\s days are expiat$ by su* a vigor\s bl[+ up4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jamaicans ,,op]at+ ,a ,,compress$ ,,air ,,drill ,"o day at ,mata*9 an eng9e] ) :om ,i 0 talk+ call$ a ,spani>d & s5t him (f on an err&4 ,i notic$ ! man walk$ que]ly & comm5t$ on x4 8,x's a wond] t fell[ walks at all01 said my fri5d ) a laugh4 8,he 0 sitt+ on a l$ge once :5 a bla/ bel[ w5t (f prematurely & ,miguel1 ) ?ree or f\r o!r m51 & a few tons ( rock1 dirt & o!r dbris w5t up into ! air4 ,he 0 lit]ally bl[n at lea/ #hj feet high4 ,! o!r m5 7 kill$1 b we f\nd signs ( life 9 him & %ipp$ him to ! hospital :]e he /ay$ ne>ly eight mon?s4 ,i'd hesitate to tell y h[ _m bones 7 brok51 b ,i ?9k ! sp9e 0 ! only "o n fractur$ & t 0 dislocat$4 ,8 job is safe = ! re/ ( 8 life4 ,he loves to tell ab\t x4 ,wait 'till he gets back & ,i'll ask him04 ,illu/ration3 ,,h&l+ ,,rock ,,9 ,,ancon ,,qu>ry ,pres5tly ,miguel return$1 sideways l a crab1 b ) agility all ! same4 8,tell ! g5tleman h[ x feels to be bl[n up01 said ! eng9e]4 8,c>amba6 ,i seet on ze aidge ( ze cut1 smoke my pipe1 wat* ze "w :5--,boom6 ,i fly up 9 air1 up1 up6 ,i /op4 ,x seem ,i /op long "t4 ,i see ozzair s+s fly up pa/ me4 ,i />t d[n--,i brea! smoke1 s&4 ,bang6 ,i hit gr\nd4 ,:5 ,i wake ,i 9 b$ at hospital4 ,c't move4 ,same z dead06 8,miguel nev] fails to lay /ress on ! "t he /opp$ be=e beg9n+ 8 desc5t01 comm5ts my fri5d1 8& on ! calmness ) :i* he view$ ! prospect1 p>ticul>ly ! o!r ?+s go+ up4 ,8 *ief sorr[ is t no mov+ picture man took ! incid5t04 ,incid5ts ( h]oic self-sacrifice are n unkn[n among ! dynamite h&l]s4 ,"h is ! /ory ( ,angel ,alv>ez1 an humble work] on ! ,big ,job4 ,he 0 gett+ ready a surface bla/ ( dynamite & all ar\nd him m5 7 work+ 9 calm assurance t he w\ld notify !m be=e ! explosion4 ,happ5+ to glance up he saw a great b\ld] j />t+ to slip d[n ! cut into ! pit :]e he /ood ) two op5 boxes ( dynamite4 ,he knew t disa/] imp5d$4 ,he c\ld h jump$ f ! pit & run1 sav+ himself b sacrific+ 8 comrades4 ,in/ead he %\t$ a frantic w>n+1 & seiz+ ! two boxes ( dynamite ?ru/ !m aside out ( ! way ( ! fall+ b\ld]4 ,!re 0 no hope = him4 ,! rock w\ld h cru%$ him 9 any ev5t4 ,b "o /ick ( dynamite fell f "o ( ! boxes & 0 explod$--?\gh ! colossal explosion t might h occurr$ 0 av]t$4 ,!y ?\ght t ,alv>ez 0 brok5 to bits :5 !y ga!r$ him up1 b ! surgeons pat*$ him up1 & made a k9d ( a man out ( him4 ,n v %apely or vigor\s is ,angel ,alv>ez n[ b 9 a s5se he c>ries ! lives ( tw5ty m5 he sav$ 9 t mom5t ( swift decision4 ,! visitor to ! ,cut dur+ ! p]iod ( con/ruction f\nd two types ( drills1 ! tripod & ! well1 busily prep>+ ! *amb]s = ! reception ( ! dynamite4 ,( ! =m] !re 7 #bba 9 use1 ( ! latt] #aef4 ,) ?is batt]y ov] #ij miles ( holes h be5 excavat$ 9 a mon?1 ea* hole be+ ab\t #bg feet deep4 ,! drills are op]at$ by compress$ air suppli$ f a ma9 runn+ ! l5g? ( ! ,cut & are 9 batt]ies ( ?ree to eight mann$ by ,jamaica negroes :o look z if ! bus9ess ( /&+ by & wat*+ ! drill automatically eat its way into ! rock he>tily agre$ ) _! conception ( ! "r sort ( "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,cuc>a*a ,,slide ,he :o did n see ! ,culebra ,cut dur+ ! mighty "w ( excavation miss$ "o ( ! great spectacles ( ! ages--a sight t at no o!r "t1 or place 01 or w be1 giv5 to man to see4 ,h[ x 0 be/ se5 _m visits left me unable to det]m9e4 ,f its cre/ on a work+ day y look$ d[n ^u a mighty rift 9 ! e>?'s cru/1 at ! base ( :i* pigmy eng9es & ant-l =ms 7 ru%+ to & fro )\t seem+ plan or reason4 ,?r\gh ! murky atmosph]e /range s\nds rose up & smote ! e> ( ! onlook] ) res\nd+ clamor4 ,he he>d ! /rid5t cl9k1 cl9k ( ! drills eat+ _! way into ! rock2 ! %rill :i/les ( ! locomotives giv+ w>n+ ( "s small bla/1 = ! great *>ges 7 set (f out ( work+ h\rs :5 ! ,cut 0 empty2 ! con/ant & un9t]rupt$ rumble t told ( ! dirt tra9s ev] ply+ ov] ! cr[d$ tracks2 ! heavy cra% t accompani$ ! dump+ ( a six-ton b\ld] onto a flat c>2 ! clank+ ( *a9s & ! creak+ ( ma*9]y z ! arms ( ! /eam %ovels swung ar\nd look+ = ano!r load2 ! cries ( m51 & ! boom+ ( bla/s4 ,collectively ! s\nds 7 h>%1 deaf5+1 brutal su* z we might fancy w\ld arise f hell 7 ! lid ( t place ( fire & torm5t to be lift$4 ,b individually ea* s\nd betok5$ useful "w & s]vice 9 ! cause ( man & progress z truly z c\ld ! musical t9kle ( c[ bells1 ! murmur ( wat] ov] a village mill:eel1 or ! rude melody ( ! sailors' songs z !y trim ! y>ds = ! voyage to ! di/ant isles ( spice4 ,! hum ( indu/ry t ! poets h lov$ to tell ab\t loses no?+ ( its significance :5 f a hum x rises to a ro>4 ,only n all ! poets c cat* ! mean+ ( its new note4 ,illu/ration3 ,,br[ ,,( ,,gold ,,hill1 ,,culebra ,,cut ,s mu* = ! s\nds ( ! ,culebra ,cut on a "w day4 ,! sights are yet m wond]ful4 ,"o :o has look$ ^u ! ,gr& ,canyon ( ! ,colorado w f9d 9 ?is man-made ga% 9 ! hills some?+ ( ! riot ( color t *>act]izes t greate/ ( natural wond]s1 b he :o has _h no su* prep>ation w /& amaz$ be=e ! b>b>ic weal? ( hues :i* blaze =? f ^! precipit\s walls4 ,r$s pr$om9ate--r$ ( z deep a crimson z ?\gh ,"m ,e>?'s bosom ?us cruelly sla%$ & sc>r$ 0 giv+ up its v life's blood2 r$ %ad+ into orange1 tropical1 hot1 riot\s1 puls+ l ! life ( ! old ,i/hmus t is be+ c>v$ away to make place = ! new2 r$1 pale1 p9ki%1 %ad+ d[n almo/ to rose color z delicate z ! hue on a maid5's *eek1 typify+ p]haps ! fir/ blu% ( ! bride 9 ! w$d+ ( ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific4 ,yell[ too f ! brighte/ orange to ! pale/ o*re1 & blue f ! %ade ( indigo :i* ,columbus hop$ to br+ across ?is v ,i/hmus f ! baza>s ( ,ca?ay2 purple z royal z ,f]d9& & ,isabella ev] wore1 or ! pal] %ades ( ! tropic sky are !re4 ,z y look ^u ! dazzl+ array /rung out be=e y = miles y may reflect t imb$d$ 9 ^? p>ti-color$ rocks & clays are semi-preci\s /ones ( v>i$ %ades & sorts--b]yls1 moss agates1 blood/ones1 moon/ones :i* ! workm5 pick up & sell to rude lapid>ies :o cut & sell !m to t\ri/s4 ,b 9 all ?is colossal te>+ up ( ! e>?'s surface !re has be5 f\nd none ( ! gold = :i* ! fir/ :ite m5 lu/$1 nor any preci\s /one or useful m9]al :atsoev]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,dirt-,,spread] ,,at ,,"w ,illu/ration3 8,,e ,,bite ,,record$ ,,at ,,headqu>t]s0 ,aga9 ,i look$ on ! ,cut f above "o morn+ be=e ! breeze t bl[s across ! ,i/hmus f n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+ until sund[n1 _h driv5 out ( x ! mi/s ( e>ly dawn4 ,f unse5 dep?s fill$ ) bill[y vapor rose ! clatt] ( /r5u\s toil by m5 & ma*9es1 s(t5$ some:at by ! fleecy mat]ial ?r\gh :i* !y p5etrat$4 ,( ! work]s no sign appe>$ until ! gr[+ heat ( ! sun & ! fre%5+ breeze began to sweep ! ,cut cle> 9 its high] rea*es1 & !re on ! topmo/ t]race ( ,gold ,hill1 half a mile across ! abyss f :]e ,i /ood1 0 reveal$ a mon/] /eam %ovel digg+ away at ! cre/ ( ! hill to light5 ! weight t 0 cr[d+ acres ^u acres ( brok5 soil into ! canal bel[4 ,x seem$ l a me*anical device on "s gigantic /age1 z ) noiseless f]ocity x burr[$ into ! hillside1 !n %ak+ & trembl+ ) ! ef=t swung back its long arm & disgorg$ its huge m\?ful on ! wait+ flat c>s4 ,! curta9 ( mi/ 0 sl[ly disappe>+4 ,f my l(ty eyrie on an outjutt+ po9t ( ,contractor's ,hill x seem$ z if ! /age 0 be+ display$1 n by ! lift+ ( a curta91 b r by ! )drawal ( a %ield d[nw>d s t ! high] sc5]y became fir/ visible4 ,"o by "o ! t]races cut into ! l(ty hillsides 7 expos$ to view1 ea* ) its l9e ( tugg+ /eam %ovels & its r[s ( motionless empty c>s1 or roll+ fill$ ones rumbl+ away to ! di/ant dump4 ,n[ & aga9 a sudd5 eruption ( /ones & dirt above ! %ield ( fog foll[$ 9 a few seconds by a dull boom told ( "s bla/4 ,s d5se 0 ! mi/ t "o m>vell$ h[ 9 t n>r[ lane bel[1 fill$ ) railroad tracks1 & ) busy tra9s ru%+ back & =? m5 c\ld "w save at imm95t dang] ( disa/]4 ,dea? lurk$ !re at all times & ! gray cov]+ ( fog 0 m ?an once 9 ! true/ s5se a pall = "s poor mutilat$ human frame4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,lidg]wood ,,unload] ,,at ,,"w ,p]haps ! mo/ impressive view ( ! ,cut 9 ! days ( its activity 0 t f above4 ,x 0 ! "o :i* gave ! broade/ g5]al s5se ( ! prodigi\s proportions ( ! "w4 ,b a m t]rify+ "o1 z well z a m precise compreh5sion ( ! inf9ity ( detail c\pl$ ) ! magnitude ( scope ( ! "w 0 to be obta9$ by plodd+ on foot ?r\gh ! five miles :]e ! battle ( ,culebra 0 be+ mo/ fi]cely f\ght4 ,! p[]s t be--or t 7--did n enc\rage ?is me?od ( obs]vation4 ,!y pref]r$ to s5d visitors ?r\gh ?is ,dea?'s ,lane1 ?is confus+ network ( busy tracks1 9 an obs]vation c> built = ! purpose1 or 9 "o ( ! trim little motor c>s built to run on ! railroad tracks = ! use ( (ficials4 ,f ! fact t "o ( ! latt] bore ! some:at significant nickname 8,! ,yell[ ,p]il0 & f /ories ( accid5ts :i* _h occurr$ to occupants ( ^! little sc\ts among ! mighty eng9es ( w>1 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t ! j\rney on foot1 if m we>isome1 0 n m p]il\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,track ,,%ift] ,,9 ,,action ,put on !n a suit ( khaki ) /\t %oes & take ! tra9 = ,culebra4 ,t w be z good a spot z any to desc5d into ! ,cut1 & we w f9d !re "s airy r[s ( p]p5dicul> ladd]s connect+ ! v>i\s levels up & d[n :i* an agile monkey1 or ,col4 ,gaill>d or any ( 8 assi/ants1 c run ) ease1 b :i* we desc5d ) inf9ite caution & "s measure ( n]v\s appreh5sion4 ,probably ! fir/ s\nd t w greet y\r e>s above ! g5]al clatt]1 :5 y h atta9$ ! floor ( ! ,canal w be a /5torian cry ( 8,look out1 !re6 ,look out06 ,y w he> t w>n+ hail _m a "t & (t 9 ! =5oon's walk we are ab\t to take4 ,i don't "k ( any spot :]e ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale's motto1 8,look ,out & ,n ,92 ,look ,up & ,n ,d[n2 ,look ,=w>d & ,n ,back0 ne$s edit+ m ?an at ,culebra4 ,! wise man look$ all ^? ways & !n "s4 ,= tra9s are be>+ d[n ^u y f all directions & s close are ! tracks & s num]\s ! swit*es t x is impossible to tell ! zone ( safety except by obs]v+ ! tra9s !mselves4 ,if y\r gaze is too int5tly fix$ on "o po9t a w>n+ cry may call y\r att5tion to ! arm ( a /eam %ovel above y\r head ) a five-ton b\ld] insecurely balanc$1 or a big1 black ,jamaican a few y>ds ahead p]functorily wav+ a r$ flag 9 tok5 t a 8dobe0 bla/ is to be fir$4 ,a 8dobe0 bla/ is reg>d$ ) contempt by ! fell[s :o explode a few tons ( dynamite at a "t & demoli% a :ole hillside1 b ! 8dobes0 ?r[ fifty to "o hundr$ p\nd /ones ab\t 9 a reckless way t compels unpr(essional respect4 ,!y tell a /ory on ! ,zone ( a negro :o1 n ?9k+ himself 9 range1 0 sitt+ on a box ( dynamite calmly smok+ a cig>ette4 ,a heavy /one dropp$ squ>ely on 8 head kill+ him in/antly1 b 0 suffici5tly deflect$ by ! h>dness ( ! ,e?iopian skull to miss ! box on :i* ! victim sat4 ,_h x be5 o!rwise ! neighbor+ l&scape & its population w\ld h be5 mat]ially *ang$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,colonel',s ,,tr\bles ,?is %ovel 0 ov]:elm$ by a slide4 ,! accid5t is n uncommon ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,slic$-,,(f ,,hill ,,at ,,ancon ,x is no wond] t we h tra9s to dodge dur+ ! c\rse ( our /roll4 ,!re are at ! mom5t ( our visit #aae locomotives & #bjjj c>s 9 s]vice 9 ! ,cut4 ,ab\t #afj load$ tra9s g out daily1 &1 ( c\rse ab\t #afj return empty4 ,?ree hundr$ & tw5ty tra9s 9 ! eight-h\r day1 ) two h\rs' int]mission at noon1 means almo/ "o tra9 a m9ute spe$+ ?r\gh a "r ( way #cjj feet wide & mu* clutt]$ up ) %ovels1 drills & o!r ma*9]y4 ,9 ,m>*1 #aiaa1 ! record mon?1 ^! tra9s h&l$ #a1gbh1gdh cubic y>ds ( mat]ial1 c>ry+ all to ! dumps :i* av]age #ab miles di/ant1 ! f>!/ "o be+ #cc miles4 ,! lay m9d does n at fir/ ?9k ( x1 b x is a fact t x 0 no easy task to select spots = all ?is refuse 9 a t]ritory only #dcf squ>e miles 9 area1 ( :i* #afd squ>e miles is cov]$ by ,gatun ,lake & mu* ( ! re/ is high] ?an ! ,cut & !re=e unsuit$ = dumps4 ,! am\nt ( mat]ial dispos$ ( w\ld create new l& wor? untold millions c\ld x h be5 dump$ along ! lake front ( ,*icago1 or 9 ! ,hack5sack mead[s ne> ,new ,york4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,s4 ,h4 ,elliott ,a ,,lock-,,*amb] ,,f ,,above ,to load ^! busy tra9s !re 7 9 ! ,cut 9 its busie/ days #dc /eam %ovels ma9ly ( ! type t w\ld take five cubic y>ds ( mat]ial at a bite4 ,"o load = ea* ( ^! %ovels weigh$ #h4g tons ( rock1 #f4g tons ( e>?1 or #h4jc tons ( ! 8run ( ! ,cut0--! mix$ c&y ( ! ,culebra %op4 ,m>* #aa1 #aiaa1 0 ! record day = "w on ! ,c5tral ,division ( :i* ! ,cut is ! l>ge/ compon5t "p4 ,t day #ccc load$ tra9s 7 run out & z _m 91 & #ea /eam %ovels & #b cranes ) orange peel buckets excavat$ #abg1gdb tons ( mat]ial4 ,x 0 no day = n]v\s t\ri/s to g sightsee+ 9 ! ,cut4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:5 ,,! ,,obispo ,,broke ,,9 ,let u wat* "o ( ! /eam %ovels at "w4 ,y w notice fir/ t x requires two railroad tracks = its op]ation--! "o on :i* x /&s & "o by ! side on :i* are ! flat c>s x is to load4 ,if ! mat]ial 9 :i* x is to "w is clay or s&1 ! %ovel track is run close to ! side ( ! hill to be cut away2 o!rwise ! bla/]s w h prec$$ x & a great pile ( brok5 rock lies by ! side ( ! track or cov]+ x be=e ! %ovel4 ,p]*$ on a seat :i* revolves ) ! sw++ arm a man guides ! great /eel jaws to ! po9t ( excavation4 ,a tug at "o lev] & ! jaws beg9 to bite into ! clay1 or root ar\nd 9 ! rock pile until ! too!d scoops h fill$ ! great %ovel t1 clos$1 is r bigg] ?an a bo>d+ h\se hall b$room4 ,a tug at ano!r lev] & !y close4 ,a ?ird lev] causes ! arm to sw+ until x comes to a /op above ! flat c>1 !n ) a ro> & a clatt] ! :ole load is dump$4 ,p]haps !n ! tr\ble is j beg9n+4 ,once 9 a :ile a b\ld] ( irregul> %ape rolls ab\t ?reat5+ to fall to ! gr\nd4 ,) almo/ human intellig5ce ! great rigid arm ( ! %ovel foll[s x1 *eck+ x z x approa*es ! edge ( ! c>1 pu%+ x back1 buttress+ x ) o!r /ones1 s t :5 ! tra9 gets "u way x may by no *ance fall (f4 ,sometimes y see all ?is done f a po9t at :i* ! direct+ man is invisible & ! effect is uncanny4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,unga9ly ,,mon/]s ,,( ,,/eel ,,work+ ,,) ,,human ,,skill ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,! ,,culebra ,,cut ,dazzl+ colors comb9$ ) its colossal proportions make ?is man-made ga% 9 nature's et]nal hills a magnific5t spectacle4 ,its fulle/ glory w soon be dimm$1 = ! tropic jungle w cov] its brilliant hues ) a robe ( gre54 ,travel]s 9 ,burmah are fond ( tell+ h[ ! tra9$ elephants pile teak lumb]1 pu%+ ) tusk & pull+ ) trunk until ! beams lie level & p>allel to an in*4 ,b m>vel\s z is ! delicacy ) :i* ! unwieldy animals p]=m _! "w1 x is outdone by ! miracul\s +5uity ) :i* ! inv5tive m9d ( man has adapt$ ^! mon/]s ( /eel to _! appo9t$ task4 ,we %all see on ! ,zone _m me*anical m>vels1 b to my m9d ! sight ( a man1 seat$ placidly 9 a com=table *air1 & ) a t\* on lev]s mak+ a tw5ty foot /eel arm1 ) a pair ( scoops ea* z big z a hog%ead at ! end1 feel up & d[n a bit ( l& until x comes ^u a b\ld] weigh+ five tons1 !n pick x up1 deposit x on a flat c>1 & block x ar\nd ) small] /ones to hold x firm--?is spectacle ,i ?9k w rank ) any z an illu/ration ( me*anical g5ius4 ,x is a pity old ,ar*im$es1 :o pr(ess$ himself able to move ! _w ) a lev] if he c\ld only f9d a place = 8 fulcrum1 c\ld n sit a :ile 9 ! *air ( an ,i/hmian /eam %ovel]4 ,^! m5 e>n f #baj to #bdj a mon? & are ! ari/ocracy ( ! me*anical =ce 9 a society :]e ev]ybody is frankly grad$ accord+ to 8 e>n+s4 ,!y say _! "w is exce$+ly h>d ^u ! n]ves1 a /atem5t :i* ,i c readily cr$it aft] wat*+ !m at x4 ,once 9 a great :ile !y deposit ! six-ton load ( a %ovel on top ( "s labor]'s head4 ,incid5ts ( ?is sort are we>+ on _! n]ves & also ^u ! physique ( ! individual ^u :om ! burd5 has be5 laid4 ,on sev]al occasions ,i tim$ /eam %ovels work+ 9 ! ,cut on v>i\s sorts ( mat]ial & f\nd ! p]iod occupi$ 9 gett+ a load1 deposit+ x on ! c> & gett+ back into position = ano!r bite to be a fraction less ?an two m9utes4 ,accord+ to my obs]vations f five to eight %ovel loads fill$ a c>4 ,! c> once fill$1 a big negro wig-wagg$ ! tid+s to ! eng9e] :o pull$ ! tra9 ahead ! l5g? ( "o c>4 ,! ,jamaica negro wig-wagg+ is always a pleas+ spectacle4 ,he seems to enjoy a job z flagman :i* gives f five to fifte5 m9utes ( calm reflection to ea* "o m9ute ( wagg+4 ,f> be x f me to "q ! indu/ry ( ^! sable ,britons by :om ! ,canal is be+ built4 ,_! wor? 9 any place1 except t ( wait]s at ! ,tivoli ,hotel1 mu/ be conc$$4 ,b _! specialty is und\bt$ly wig-wagg+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,build+ ,,an ,,upp] ,,ti] ,,( ,,locks ,illu/ration3 ,,travel+ ,,cranes ,,t ,,be> ,,! ,,brunt ,,( ,,burd5 ,,c>ry+ ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,! ,,floor ,,( ,a ,,lock ,if we climb ^u "o ( ! empty flat c>s we w see t ^u ! floor ( ! :ole tra91 usually made up ( ab\t #bj c>s1 is /ret*$ a /\t cable atta*$ to a heavy iron w$ge l a sn[ pl[ :i*1 :ile ! tra9 is load+1 is on ! end c>4 ,h+$ %eets ( /eel fall into place betwe5 ! c>s1 mak+ ! tra9 floor cont9u\s f end to end4 ,if we %\ld accompany ! tra9 to ! dump--say at ! great fill at ,balboa ab\t twelve miles f ! ,cut--we %all f9d t :5 x has rea*$ its assign$ position a curi\s look+ c> on :i* is an eng9e :i* revolves a huge drum1 or bull :eel1 is atta*$ 9 place ( ! locomotive4 ,! end ( ! /eel cable buri$ "u hundr$s ( tons ( rock & dirt is fa/5$ to ! bull :eel1 ! latt] beg9s to revolve & ! /eel pl[ beg9s to travel along ! tra9 ?ru/+ ! load (f to "o side4 ,"o side ( ! flat c>s is built up & ! pl[ is s con/ruct$ t ! load is ?r[n to ! o!r side only4 ,x takes f #g to #ae m9utes to unload a tra9 by ?is device :i* is kn[n z ! ,lidg]wood ,unload]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,excavat+ ,,) ,a ,,monitor ,,z ,,cali=nians ,,dig ,,gold ,n[ x is app>5t t aft] a c]ta9 numb] ( tra9s h ?us be5 unload$ ! side ( ! track on :i* ! load falls1 unless x be a v deep rav9e1 w pres5tly be s fill$ up t no m loads c be dump$ !re4 ,to smoo? out ?is m\nd ( dirt along ! track ano!r type ( sn[ pl[ is us$1 "o /ret*+ out a rigid /eel arm t5 or twelve feet f ! side ( ! locomotive :i* pu%es x into ! mass ( dbris4 ,?is is call$ a spread] & z may well be imag9$ requires prodigi\s p[]4 ,! dump heap ?us spread1 & some:at level$ by h& labor1 becomes a base = ano!r track4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ! "w ?is bus9ess ( %ift+ tracks requir$ ! s]vices ( hundr$s ( m54 ,b x grew s /eadily "u ! ne$s ( ! s]vice--!y say ! ,panama ,railway runs sideways z well z l5g?wise--t ! me*anical g5ius ( ,am]ican eng9e]s 0 call$ into play to meet ! situation4 ,:]e=e behold ! track-%ift]1 an eng9e op]at+ a long crane :i* picks up ! track1 ties1 rails & all1 & sw+s x to "o side ?ree feet or m accord+ to ! ela/icity ( ! track4 ,x takes n9e m5 to op]ate a track %ift]1 & x does ! "w :i* took #ejj m5 pursu+ ! old me?od ( pull+ spikes1 %ift+ ties & rails sep>ately & spik+ ! rails d[n aga94 ,x is e/imat$ t by ?is device ! gov]nm5t 0 sav$ sev]al million doll>s1 to say no?+ ( an enorm\s am\nt ( "t4 ,:ile ! ,panama ,railroad is only #dg miles long x has laid almo/ #dej miles ( rails1 & ^! are cont9ually be+ tak5 up & %ift$1 p>ticul>ly ^? laid on ! b$ ( ! ,canal 9 ,culebra ,cut4 ,x is p]fectly cle> t to keep ! /eam %ovels )9 rea*+ di/ance ( ! walls !y are to dig away1 ! track on :i* !y op]ate & ! track on :i* _! att5dant dirt tra9s run mu/ be %ift$ lat]ally e two or ?ree days4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,/eam ,,%ovel ,,9 ,,op]ation ,look+ up f ! floor ( ! ,canal "o _h 9 ^? days ( ru%+ con/ruction a prospect at once gigantic1 brilliant & awe inspir+4 ,betwe5 ,gold ,hill & ,contractors ,hill ! space op5 to ! sky is half a mile wide & ! two peaks t[] t[>d ! sky #ecd feet to ! "o side & #daj on ! o!r4 ,we see aga9 dimly ?r\gh ! smoke ( ! /ruggl+ locomotives & ! fumes ( explod+ dynamite ! prismatic color ( ! /ripp$ sides ( ! hill1 ?\gh on ! high] altitudes unt\*$ by rec5t "w & unsc>r$ by slides ! tropical gre5 has already cov]$ all traces ( man's mutilations4 ,9 "t1 ( c\rse1 all ?is color+ w disappe> & ! %ips w /eam along betwixt two t[]+ walls ( liv+ gre54 ,illu/ration3 ,,bird',s ,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,miraflores ,,locks ,"o's att5tion1 h[ev]1 :5 9 ! ,cut is held ma9ly by its indu/rial r ?an by its sc5ic features4 ,= ! latt] ! view f above1 already describ$1 is incalculably ! bett]4 ,b d[n "h 9 ! dep?s y\r m9d is gripp$ by ! signs ( human activity on e side4 ,ev]y?+ t a ma*9e c d is be+ done by ma*9]y1 yet !re are #fjjj m5 work+ 9 ?is n>r[ way1 m5 :ite & black & ( e int]m$iate & indet]m9ate %ade4 ,m5 :o talk 9 ,spani%1 ,fr5*1 ! gibb]i% ( ! ,jamaican1 9 ,h9doo1 9 ,*9ese4 ,"o ?9ks x a pity t ,col4 ,goe?als & 8 *ief lieut5ants c\ld n h be5 at ! ,t[] ( ,babel1 = 9 t ev5t t aspir+ ent]prise w\ld nev] h be5 halt$ by s commonplace an ob/acle z ! confusion ( tongues4 ,to u z we plod along all seems to be conduct$ ) t]rific en]gy1 b )\t any recognizable plan4 ,z a matt] ( fact all is be+ direct$ 9 accordance ) an iron-clad sy/em4 ,t tra91 ! la/ c>s ( :i* are be+ load$1 on ! second level mu/ be out ( ! ,cut & on ! ma9 l9e at a fix$ h\r or !re w be a tie-up ( ! empties com+ back f ! di/ant dumps4 ,t r[ ( holes mu/ be drill$ by five o'clock1 = ! bla/ mu/ be fir$ z soon z ! ,cut is empti$ ( work]s4 ,! v t\ri/s on ! obs]vation c> go+ ?r\gh ! ,cut mu/ be *>y ( _! que/ions1 = t track is ne$$ n[ = a tra9 ( mat]ial4 ,if !y are puzzl$ by some?+ !y see1 x w all be expla9$ to !m lat] by ! guide 9 8 lecture illu/rat$ by ! work+ model at ! ,tivoli ,hotel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,rock-,,break ,,t ,,admitt$ ,,! ,,bas ,,obispo ,s trudg+ ?r\gh ! ,cut we pass "u a sl5d] foot bridge susp5d$ across ! ,canal f t[]s ( /eel framework4 ,! bridge 0 erect$ by ! ,fr5* & w h to come d[n :5 ! procession ( %ips beg9s ! passage ( ! ,canal4 ,orig9ally its t[]s 7 ( wood1 b a man idly asc5d+ "o ?\ght x s\nd$ holl[ b5ea? 8 tread &1 on exam9ation1 f\nd ! int]ior _h be5 holl[$ out by t]mite ants leav+ a m]e %ell :i* might give way "u any unaccu/om$ /ra94 ,?is is a pleasant habit ( ^! insects & sometimes produces r ludicr\s results :5 a heavy individual enc\nt]s a *air t has engag$ _! att5tion4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti]4 ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,an ,,ant',s ,,ne/ ,,on ,,! ,,savanna ,! activity & indu/ry ( ! ant are ( c\rse prov]bial 9 e clime1 b x seems to me t 9 ! ,i/hmus p>ticul>ly he appe>s to put ! slugg>d to %ame4 ,z y make y\r way ?r\gh ! jungle y w n[ & aga9 come ^u m9iature roads1 only ab\t f\r in*es wide x is true1 b va/ly smoo!r & bett] clean$ ( vegetation ?an ! pa?s :i* ! ,panamanians dignify ) ! "n ( roads4 ,along ^! highways trudges an endless army ( ants1 ^? go+ homew>d be>+ burd5s ( leaves :i*1 :5 buri$ 9 _! subt]ranean homes1 produce fungi on :i* ! insects live4 ,out on ! savanna y w occasionally f9d a curi\s m\nd ( h>d dirt1 sometimes /&+ tall] ?an a man & ris+ abruptly f ! pla94 ,x is an ant's ne/ built ab\t a %rub or small tree1 :i* usually dies (f s t no bran*es protrude 9 any direction4 ,a l>ge "o repres5ts long ye>s ( ! "w ( ! t9y insects4 ,col4 ,goe?als has made a great work+ ma*9e ( ! ,canal organization b he c tea* ! ants no?+ s f> z pati5t & cont9u\s indu/ry is conc]n$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,t]mite ,,ant',s ,,ne/ ,! ants' "w kills ! tree ,we come 9 due "t to ! upp] entrance ( ! ,p$ro ,miguel lock4 ,"h ! precipit\s sides ( ! ,canal h vani%$1 & ! walls ( ! lock h 9 fact to be built up above ! adjac5t l&4 ,?is is ! end ( ! ,c5tral ,division--! end ( ! ,culebra ,cut4 ,! #h4h miles we h left beh9d u h be5 ! sc5e1 p]haps1 ( ! mo/ wond]ful ex]cise ( human +5uity1 skill & det]m9ation ev] manife/$ 9 any equal space 9 ! _w--& ,i won't ev5 except ,wall ,/reet1 :]e +5uity & skill 9 cutt+ ?+s d[n are matt] ( daily obs]vation4 ,b n[h]e else has man lock$ ) nature 9 s desp]ate a combat4 ,m spectacul> eng9e]+ is p]haps to be se5 on "s ( ! railroads ?r\gh our own ,si]ras or on ! trans-,&ean l9es4 ,su* dams z ! ,roosevelt or ! ,%o%one ( our irrigation s]vice are m impressive ?an ! squat1 immovable ridge at ,gatun4 ,b ! eng9e]s :o plann$ ! campaign aga9/ ! ,cordill]as at ,culebra _h to meet & ov]come m novel ob/acles1 _h to wre/le ) a problem m appall+ 9 magnitude ?an any t ev] confront$ m5 ( _! pr(ession 9 any o!r l& or "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,deep ,,sea-,,dr$ge ,,at ,,balboa ,z no l9k 9 a *a9 is ( less importance ?an any o!r l9k1 s ! ,pacific ,division ( ! ,panama ,canal is ( equal importance ) ! o!r two4 ,x has n1 h[ev]1 equally spectacul> features4 ,its locks at ,p$ro ,miguel & at ,miraflores are m]ely replicas ( ! ,gatun locks ) diff]5t drops1 & sep>at$ into "o /ep ( two p>allel locks at ! =m] po9t1 & two /eps1 ) f\r locks 9 pairs at ,miraflores4 ,betwe5 ! two locks is an artificial lake ab\t #ed feet above sea level & ab\t a mile & a half long4 ,! lake is artificial1 suppli$ p>tly by small riv]s t fl[ into x & p>tly by ! wat] t comes d[n f ! op]ation ( ! locks above4 ,9 fact x 0 creat$ l>gely = ! purpose ( tak+ c>e ( ?is wat]1 ?\gh x also s]v$ to r$uce some:at ! am\nt ( dry excavation on ! ,canal4 ,"o advantage :i* bo? ! ,gatun & ,miraflores lakes h = ! sailor1 t does n at fir/ occur to ! l&sman1 is t be+ fill$ ) fre% wat]1 z also is ! ma9 body ( ! ,canal1 !y w cleanse ! bottoms ( ! %ips pass+ ?r\gh ( b>nacles & o!r m>9e gr[?s4 ,?is is a notable b5efit to %ips engag$ 9 tropical trade1 = 9 ^? latitudes _! bottoms become bef\l$ 9 a way t s]i\sly int]f]es ) _! /eam+ capacity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,proportions ,,( ,,! ,,locks ,a six /ory build+ w\ld /& 9 ! lock-*amb]4 ,size ( conduits indicat$ by small sket*es ( wagon & locomotive4 ,! "n ,p$ro ,miguel is giv5 to ?is lock because ! ,fr5* began op]ations !re on ! fea/ day ( ,/4 ,pet] ,mi*ael1 ^: "n 9 ,spani% is appli$ to ! spot4 ,an omnisci5t g5tleman on ! tra9 once assur$ me t ! "n came f a ,spani% h]mit :o long liv$ on ! spot 9 ! odor ( sanctity--& div]s o!r odors if ! haunts ( ! h]mits ,i h visit$ else:]e 7 any crit]ion4 ,errors ( fact1 h[ev]1 are common on ! zone4 ,!y /ill laugh ab\t a congressman :o1 on ,gatun dam1 /ruck an attitude & exclaim$ ) feel+--8,at la/ !n ,i /& 9 ! f>-fam$ ,culebra ,cut06 :i* spot 0 a trifle m ?an ?irty miles away4 ,f ! l[] lock at ,miraflores ! canal describes a practically /raight c\rse to ! ,pacific ,ocean at ,balboa1 ab\t #d miles4 ,! *annel is cont9u$ out to sea ab\t f\r miles fur!r4 ,all ! conditions ( ! ,pacific & ,ori5tal trade give assurance t at ,balboa w gr[ ! greate/ ( all purely tropical ports4 ,to x ! comm]ce ( ! :ole ,pacific coa/ ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 & ( ,s\? ,am]ica z f> s\? at lea/ z ,lima1 w irresi/ibly fl[4 ,to x w also come ! trade ( ,japan1 ,nor!rn ,*9a & ! ,philipp9es1 seek+ ! %orte/ r\te to ,europe or to our own ,atlantic coa/4 ,x is true t mu* ( ?is trade w pass by1 b ! %ips w ent] ! ,canal aft] long voyages 9 ne$ ( coal & 9 _m cases ( refitt+4 ,! gov]nm5t has anticipat$ ?is ne$ by provid+ = a mon/] dry dock1 able to accommodate ! #ajjj foot %ips yet to be built1 & e/abli%+ repair %ops fit to build %ips z well z to repair !m4 ,9 #aiac1 h[ev]1 :5 ?is trip ?r\gh ! ,canal "u con/ruction 0 made1 little sign ( ?is com+ greatness 0 app>5t4 ,! old dock ( ! ,pacific ,mail & a t]m9al pi] ( ! ,panama ,railroad af=d$ suffici5t dockage = ! /eam%ips ( :i* eight or t5 a week cle>$ or arriv$4 ,! *ief signs ( ! gr&eur yet to come 7 ! nev]-ceas+ dirt tra9s rumbl+ d[n f ,culebra ,cut & dis*>g+ _! loads into ! sea 9 a great fan %ap$ 8fill0 t w af=d build+ sites = all ! edifices ( ! future ,balboa1 h[ev] great x may become4 ,look+ oceanw>d y see ! ?ree conical isl&s on :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates is already erect+ its =tifications4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,great ,,fill ,,at ,,balboa ,,:]e ,,! ,,culebra ,,spoil ,,is ,,dump$ ,"h !n ! ,canal ends4 ,begun 9 ! ooze ( ,colon x is f9i%$ 9 ! basaltic rock ( ,balboa4 ,to c>ry x ?r\gh its fifty miles ! greate/ =ces ( nature h be5 utiliz$ :5 possible2 f\ght & ov]come :5 n4 ,x has enli/$ g5ius1 devotion & sacrifice1 & has inflict$ sickness1 w\nds & dea?4 ,we c figure ! "w 9 millions ( doll>s1 or ( cubic y>ds1 b to e/imate ! co/ 9 life & heal? f ! "t ! ,fr5* began until ! day ! ,am]icans end$ is a task = ! future hi/orian1 n ! pres5t-day *ronicl]4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,! ,,city ,,( ,,panama4 ,= an ,am]ican n too mu* spoil$ ) =eign travel ! city ( ,panama is a mo/ ent]ta9+ /opp+ place = a week or m4 ,9 :at its *>m consi/s x is h>d to say4 ,=eign x is1 ( c\rse1 a complete *ange f any?+ )9 ! bord]s1 or = t matt] close to ! b\nds ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b x is n s ?or\gh a specim5 ( ,lat9-,am]ican city build+ z ,c>tag5a1 its neighbor4 ,its ar*itecture is admitt$ly commonplace1 ! ,ca!dral itself be+ int]e/+ ma9ly because ( its antiquity--& x w\ld be mod]n 9 old ,spa94 ,! ,lat9 gaiety ( its p breaks out 9 m]ry riot at c>nival "t1 b x is equally riot\s 9 e t[n ( ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,)al !re is a some?+ ab\t ,panama t has an abid+ novelty4 ,p]haps x is ! tang ( ! tropics add$ to ! flavor ( antiquity4 ,anyh[ ! t\ri/ :o abides 9 ! int5sely mod]n & purely ,unit$ ,/ates hotel1 ! ,tivoli1 has b to give a dime to a ,panama hackman to be transport$ into an atmosph]e z =eign z ?\gh he _h sudd5ly be5 waft$ to ,madrid4 ,latt]-day t\ri/s compla9 t ! sanit>y ef=ts ( ! ,i/hmian ,commission h robb$ ,panama ( some?+ ( its picturesqu5ess4 ,!y deplore ! loss ( ! /reets t 7 too /icky = ! passage ( ,v5etian gondolas1 b entirely too liquid = ord9>y means ( locomotion4 ,!y grieve ov] ! disappe>ance ( ! public r\lette :eels & ! monoton\s cry ( ! numb]s at k5o4 ,!y compla9 t ! population has tak5 to ! practice ( we>+ an inord9ate quantity ( clo!s in/ead ( be+ cont5t ) b>ely en\gh to pique curiosity conc]n+ ! few *>ms conceal$4 ,b ?\gh ! city has be5 rem>kably purifi$ !re is /ill en\gh ( physical dirt app>5t to displease ! mo/ fa/idi\s1 & q suffici5t moral uncleanl9ess if "o seeks = x1 z 9 o!r t[ns4 ,illu/ration3 ,,panama ,,bay ,,f ,,ancon ,,hill ,illu/ration3 ,,santa ,,ana ,,plaza ,! f5ce is n[ remov$4 ,dur+ ! ,fr5* days ?is ,plaza 0 ! sc5e ( mu* gaiety & /ill %[s ,fr5* influ5ce ,! entrance by railway to ,panama is n prepossess+1 b = t matt] ,i "k ( few cities 9 :i* x is4 ,rome & ,g5oa p]haps excel 9 (f]+ a f9e front to ! visitor4 ,b 9 ,panama :5 y em]ge f ! /ation aft] a j\rney cle> across ! cont95t1 :i* has tak5 y ab\t ?ree h\rs1 y are confront$ by a sort ( ragg$ triangul> plaza4 ,9 ! di/ance on a hill to y\r "r is set ! ,tivoli ,hotel look+ cool & invit+ ) its broad piazzas & dress ( gre5 & :ite4 ,to y\r left is a new native hotel1 ! ,int]national1 z diff]5t f ! ,tivoli z imag9able1 built ( rubble masonry cov]$ ) concrete /ucco1 ) rooms twice z high z ^? ( ! usual ,am]ican build+4 ,x looks cool too1 9 a way1 & its mo/ /rik+ feature is a pleas+ly commodi\s b>1 ) wide op5 unscre5$ doors on ! level ( ! sidewalk4 ,! ,tivoli ,hotel1 be+ own$ & manag$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t1 has no b>4 ,?is /atem5t is made 9 no _s ( invidi\s comp>ison1 b m]ely z a matt] ( helpful in=mation to ! arriv+ travel] undecid$ :i* hotel to *oose4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,panama ,,f ,,! ,,sea ,,wall2 ,,ca!dral ,,t[]s ,,9 ,,di/ance ,! plaza is fill$ ) ,panama cabs--small op5 victorias1 drawn by /unt$ wiry horses l our c[ ponies & driv5 by ,panama negroes :o ei!r d n speak ,engli%1 or1 9 _m cases1 pret5d n to 9 ord] to save !mselves ! tr\ble ( expla9+ any ( ! sights to _! f>es4 ,!re is none ( ! bu/le t att5ds ! arrival ( a tra9 9 an ,am]ican city4 ,no rauc\s cries ( 8,keb1 sir8 ,keb06 no +ratiat+ eag]ness to seize ^u y\r baggage1 no ready pr(f] ( will+ness to take y any:]e4 ,if ! ,panama cabby %[s any int]e/ at all 9 gett+ a f>e out ( an arriv+ cr[d x seems to be 9 evad+ ! "o :o beckons him1 & try+ to capture someone else4 ,"o reason p]haps = ! le?>gy ( ^! sable jehus is t ! gov]nm5t has robb$ _! call+ ( its sport+ feature by fix+ _! f>e at t5 c5ts to any place 9 t[n4 ,opportunity to rob a f>e is almo/ :olly d5i$ !m1 h5ce _! deject$ air z comp>$ ) ! al]t piratical demeanor ( ! buccane]s :o kidnap pass5g]s at ! railway /ations ( our own enlight5$ l&4 ,! only way ! ,panama driv] c get ! be/ ( ! pass5g] is by con/ru+ ea* /op z ! end ( a trip1 & ! ord] to drive on z con/itut+ a new engagem5t involv+ an additional dime4 ,t\ri/s :o jovially drew up to ! curb/one to greet acqua9tances met en r\te sev]al times 9 a half-h\r's ride are said to h be5 mulct$ ( a surpris+ numb] ( dimes1 b 9 ju/ice to ! ,panama hackman--:o really doesn't h ! air ( riot+ 9 ill-gott5 weal?--,i mu/ say t ,i nev] enc\nt]$ an in/ance ( ?is ov]*>ge4 ,y\r fir/ introduction to ! beauty ( ,panama ar*itecture comes f a build+ t fronts y z y leave y\r tra94 ,?ree /ories high x has ! massive /r5g? ( a confection]'s creations1 & is ta/efully color$ a sickly gre51 reliev$ by /ripes ( salmon p9k1 ) occasional int]ludes ( g>net & old gold4 ,! fact t x h\ses a saloon1 ! proportions ( :i* w\ld be g5]\s on ! ,b[]y or ,s\? ,cl>k ,/reet1 does n expla9 ?is brilliant color s*eme4 ,x is m]ely ! expression ( ! local color s5se1 & is q likely to be employ$ to l5d di/9ction to a conv5t s*ool or a fa%ionable club indiscrim9ately4 ,f ! ,railway ,plaza--orig9ality has n yet furni%$ a m attractive "n--! ,av5ida ,c5trale /ret*es away 9 a g5]ally s\!rly direction to ! seawall at ! city's end4 ,:at ,broadway is to ,new ,york1 ! ,corso to ,rome1 or ,ma9 ,/reet to ,podunk1 ?is /reet is to ,panama4 ,x is n>r[ & 9 "t w be exce$+ly cr[d$1 = ! rails ( a trolley l9e are laid on "o side1 & "s "t 9 ! leisurely ,panamanian future ! c>s w run ?r\gh ! old t[n & s on out to ,balboa :]e ! ,am]icans are build+ ! great docks at ! entrance to ! ,canal4 ,j n[ h[ev] x is *iefly cr[d$ ) ! light op5 c>riages :i* t[>d ev5tide c>ry up & d[n ! ?or\ghf>e olive-complexion$ g5tlem5 :o look smil+ly at ! balconies on ei!r side :5ce fair ones--( v>y+ degrees ( fairness ) a t5d5cy t[>d ! ri* %ade ( mahogany--look d[n approv+ly4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bull ,,r+2 ,,bull ,,fights ,,are ,,n[ ,,prohibit$ ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,panama ,,wat] ,,front ,panama is an old city1 z ,am]ican cities run1 = x 0 f\nd$ 9 #afgc :5 ! ,bi%op m>k$ ) a cross ! place = ! ,ca!dral4 ,! ,bi%op /ill plays a notable "p 9 ! life ( ! t[n1 = x is to 8 palace 9 ,ca!dral ,plaza t y repair ,sunday morn+s to he> ! lucky numb] 9 ! lott]y ann\nc$4 ,?is curi\s p>tn]%ip betwe5 ! *ur* & ! great gambl+ game does n seem to %ock or ev5 p]plex ! ,panamanians1 & z ! ,/ate turns ov] to ! *ur* a v consid]able p]c5tage ( ! lott]y's pr(its x is p]haps only fair = ! ,bi%op to be ?us hospitable4 ,if y je] a well-in=m$ ,panamanian on ! relations ( 8 *ur* to ! lott]y he c\nt]s by ask+ suavely ab\t ! fil?y t5em5t h\ses own$ by ,old ,tr9ity 9 ,new ,york4 ,z a ve/$ "r "u ! ,colombian gov]nm5t ! lott]y w cont9ue until #aiah1 !n expire "u ! clause 9 ! ,panama con/itution :i* prohibits gambl+4 ,draw+s are held ea* ,sunday4 ,t5 ?\s& tickets are issu$ at a price ( #b4ej ea*1 ?\gh ! cu/om is to buy "o-fif? ( a ticket at a "t4 ,! capital prize is #gejj ) less] prizes ( v>i\s sums d[n to "o doll>4 ,! ,am]icans on ! ,zone buy eag]ly1 b ,i c\ld n le>n ( any "o :o _h captur$ a consid]able prize4 ,"o (ficial :o sy/ematically set aside #e a week = tickets told me t1 aft] f\r ye>s' play+1 he 0 sev]al hundr$ doll>s ahead 8beside ! fun04 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,lott]y ,,(fice ,,9 ,,! ,,bi%op',s ,,palace ,?\gh old hi/orically1 ,panama is mod]n ar*itecturally4 ,x 0 repeat$ly swept by fires ev5 be=e ! era ( ov]fumigation by ! ,canal build]s4 ,five fires consid]able en\gh to be call$ 8great0 are record$4 ,mo/ ( ! *ur*es h be5 burn$ at lea/ once & ! faade ( ! ,ca!dral 0 ov]?r[n by an e>?quake4 ,! ,san ,dom+o ,*ur*1 ! ,*ur* & ,conv5t ( ,san ,francisco1 & ! ,jesuit ,*ur* /ill /& 9 ru9s4 ,9 ,italy or ,engl& ^! ru9s w\ld be c>$ =1 clo!d by pi\s1 or p]haps practical1 h&s ) a c]ta9 sort ( dignity4 ,n s 9 ,panama4 ,! ,san ,dom+o ,*ur*1 mu* visit$ by t\ri/s because ( its curi\s flat ar*1 long h\s$ a cobbl]'s b5* & a boo? = curios4 ,n[ its own] is utiliz+ su* portions ( ! ru9 z are /ill /able z "p ( a t5em5t h\se he is build+4 ,:5 reproa*$ = ?us oblit]at+ an hi/oric relic he bl&ly (f]$ to leave x 9 its =m] /ate1 provid$ he 7 paid a r5tal equal to t ! t5em5t w\ld br+ 94 ,!re be+ no society = ! pres]vation ( hi/oric places 9 ,panama 8 (f] w5t unhe$$1 & ! *ur* is fa/ be+ built into ! walls ( a flat-h\se4 ,z = ! ,*ur* ( ! ,jesuits its floor is gone1 & c[s & horses are /abl$ 9 ! sanctu>y ( its apse4 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,dom+o ,,*ur* ,,& ,,! ,,flat ,,ar* ,! /reets ( ,panama look old] ?an !y really are4 ,! m sub/antial build+s are ( rubble masonry fac$ ) cem5t :i* quickly takes on an appe>ance ( age4 ,av5ida ,c5trale is l9$ = all b a qu>t] ( a mile ( its l5g? ) %ops1 ov] :i* z a rule ! m]*ant's family lives--= ! ,panamanians1 l o!r ,lat9s1 h n yet acquir$ ! ,new ,york idea t x is vulg> to live ov] y\r own place ( bus9ess b p]fectly prop] to live two miles or m away ov] someone else's drug /ore1 groc]y1 /ation]y /ore1 or :at n4 ,!re might be an essay writt5 on ! precise sort ( a bus9ess place above :i* x is correct = an ,am]ican to live4 ,( c\rse ! nature ( ! entrance c\nts1 & mu* propriety is sav$ if x be on ! side front ?us g5teelly conceal+ f gue/s t !re are any %ops 9 ! build+ at all4 ,^! consid]ations h[ev] are n important 9 ,panama1 & _m ( ! be/ ap>tm5ts are rea*$ ?r\gh dismal doors & up w9d+ /airways :i* seldom %[ signs ( any squeami%ness on ! "p ( ! dome/ics1 or intrusive activity by ! sanit>y (fic]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,f4 ,a ,gause ,,*iriqui ,,cattle ,,at ,,! ,,abattoir ,(t51 h[ev]1 ! ap>tm5ts rea*$ by su* un9vit+ gateways are *>m+4 ,! rooms are always big1 equival5t ea* to ab\t ?ree rooms ( our typical city flat4 ,great ,fr5* w9d[s op5 to ! floor1 & give ^u broad v]&as1 f :i* ! life ( ! /reet bel[ may be obs]v$--incid5tally lett+ 9 ! /reet noises :i* are _m & v>i$4 ,! t5d5cy is to ! m9imum ( furniture1 & t light1 s z to admit easy %ift+ to ! breezie/ spots4 ,to our nor!rn eyes ! adjective 8b>e0 w\ld g5]ally apply to ^! homes1 b _! furni%+s are adapt$ to ! climate & to ! habits ( p liv+ l>gely out ( doors4 ,r5ts are high = a t[n ( #ce1jjj p4 ,a five-room flat 9 a fairly good neighborhood w r5t = f #fj to #ge gold a mon?1 & z ! con/ruction is ( ! simple/ & ! l&lord furni%es nei!r heat nor janitor s]vice1 x seems a heavy return on ! capital inve/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,presid5t',s ,,h\se2 ,a ,,f9e ,,type ,,( ,,panama ,,resid5ce ,x seem$ to me1 z ! result ( que/ion+ & obs]vation r ?an by any p]sonal exp]i5ce1 t liv+ exp5ses 9 ,panama ,city mu/ be high1 & good liv+ accord+ to our ,nor? ,am]ican ideas impossible4 ,:at ! visitor f9ds 9 ! homes ( ! p on ! ,canal ,zone (f]s no guide to ! conditions exi/+ 9 ! native t[n4 ,= ! ,zone dwell]s h ! commiss>y to buy f1 & t draws f all ! m>kets ( ! _w1 & is p>ticul>ly effici5t 9 buy+ meats1 :i* x gets f our own ,beef ,tru/ & sells = ab\t half ( :at ! m>ket man 9 ,*icago or ,new ,york exacts4 ,b ! native ,panamanian has no su* s\rce ( supply4 ,8 meats are ma9ly native animals fre% kill$1 & if y h a ta/e = sangu9>y sights y may see at e>ly dawn e morn+ numb]s ( cattle & hogs slaught]$ 9 a trim & cleanly op5 air abattoir :i* ! ,panamanians owe to ! ,canal au?orities4 ,h[ev] ! climate t5ds to enc\rage a fi% & vegetable diet1 & ! supplies ( ^! /aples are fairly good4 ,! family buy+ is done at a c5tral m>ket :i* x is well wor? ! t\ri/s' "t to visit4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,gause ,,! ,,fi% ,,m>ket ,e day is m>ket day at ,panama1 b ! cr[d$ little op5-air m>t is se5 at its be/ ( a ,saturday or ,sunday 9 ! e>ly morn+4 ,all night long ! native boats1 mo/ly cayucas hewn out ( a s+le log & (t5 z mu* z #ce feet long1 & ) a s*oon] rig1 h be5 drift+ 91 propell$ by ! nev]-fail+ trade w9d4 ,!y come f ! ,bayano ,riv] c\ntry1 f ,*orr]a1 f ,taboga & ! ,isles ( ,pe>ls1 f ! ,bay ( ,san ,miguel & f ! l& ( ! ,san ,blas ,indians4 ,great sailors ^! latt]1 v]itable vik+s ( ! tropics1 driv+ _! cayucas ?r\gh %riek+ gales :5 ! ocean /eam]s f9d x prud5t to /ay 9 port4 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,blas ,,boats ,,at ,,! ,,m>ket ,,place ,nature helps ! primitive p ( ! jungle to br+ _! goods to ! wait+ pur*as]s4 ,! breeze is con/ant1 seldom gr[+ to a gale1 & ! tide ris+ full #bj feet enables !m to run _! boats at high tide close to ! m>ket causeway1 & :5 ! tide retires l& _! products ov] ! flats )\t ! tr\ble ( light]age4 ,true ! bottom is ( mud & /ones1 b ! soles ( ! seam5 are n t5d]1 nor are !y squeami% z to ! nature ( ! soil on :i* !y tread4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,gause ,,! ,,vegetable ,,m>ket ,! m>ket is op5 at dawn1 & ! buy]s are !re almo/ z soon z ! sell]s1 = e>ly ris+ is ! rule 9 ! tropics4 ,along ! sidewalks1 on ! curbs1 9 ! muddy roadway ev51 ! div]se fruits & food products ( ! c\ntry are spread =? to tempt ! robu/ appetites ( ^? ga!r$ ab\t4 ,"h is an ,indian woman1 ! color ( a cocoanut1 & cr9kl$ z to sk9 l a piece ( ,*9ese crepe4 ,be=e h] is spread out h] /ock1 div]se & 9 "s items curi\s4 ,gre5 pepp]s1 tomatoes a little l>g] ?an a small plum1 a *eese made ( goat's milk & pack$ to ab\t ! consi/5cy ( ,brie2 a few yams1 peas1 limes & a papaya or two are ! m famili> edibles4 ,some?+ %ap$ l a banana & wrapp$ 9 corn husks ar\ses my curiosity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,m>ket ,,on ,,! ,,curb ,illu/ration3 ,,:]e ,,! ,,flies ,,get ,,busy 8,:at is x08 8,five c5ts04 8,no1 no6 ,i mean :at is x8 ,:at's x made (08 8,fi c5tavo06 ,9 despair ov] my lack ( ,indo-,spani% patois1 ,i buy x & f9d a little native sug>1 v moi/ & v d>k1 made up l a sausage1 or a tamale 9 corn husks4 ,o!r my/]i\s objects turn out to be g9s5g1 :i* appeals to ! resid5t ,*9ese2 ! mamei1 a curi\s pulpy fruit ! size ( a l>ge pea*1 ) a sk9 l *amois & a fle%ly look+ pit ab\t ! size ( a pea*-/one2 ! sapodilla1 a plum color$ fruit ) a mu%y int]ior1 :i* :5 cut transv]sely %[s a />-l m>k+ & is sometimes call$ ! /> apple4 ,x is eat5 ) a spoon & is palatable4 ,! mamei1 h[ev]1 l ! mango1 requires a specially tra9$ ta/e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cayucas ,,on ,,m>ket ,,day ,:ile puzzl+ ov] ! native fruits a sudd5 clamor attracts u to a diff]5t "p ( ! m>ket4 ,!re drama is 9 full enactm5t4 ,! m>ket place is at ! edge ( ! bay & up ! wat] /eps ?ree exultant fi%]m5 h dragg$ a tuna ab\t five feet long1 weigh+ p]haps #age p\nds4 ,x is n a p>ticul>ly l>ge fi% ( ! species1 b its captors are highly exultant & "o1 ) ! inborn in/9ct ( ! ,lat9-,am]ican to insult a captive or a fall5 foe1 /&s on ! poor tuna's head & /rikes an attitude z "o :o invites admiration & applause4 ,p]haps our cam]a tempt$ him1 b our incl9ation 0 to kick ! brute1 r ?an to p]petuate 8 pose1 = ! poor fi% 0 /ill liv+4 ,x _h be5 caught 9 a net1 s its captors in=m$ u4 ,on our own ,florida & ,cali=nia coa/s ! tunas give r>e sport ) a rod & l9e4 ,l mo/ p ( a l[ ord] ( intellig5ce ! l[] class native ( ,panama is )\t ! slighte/ s5se ( humanity to dumb animals4 ,he does n seem to be int5tionally cruel--inde$ he is too indol5t to ex]t himself unless some?+ is to be ga9$4 ,b he nev] lets any consid]ation = ! suff]+s ( an animal affect 8 me?od ( treat+ x4 ,! iguana1 uglie/ ( liz>ds1 :i* he eats ) avidity1 is "o ( 8 *ief victims4 ,?is animal is usually tak5 alive by hunt]s 9 ord] t he may und]go a prelim9>y fatt5+ process be=e be+ committ$ to ! pot4 ,9 captivity 8 condition is n pleasant to contemplate4 ,"h at ! m>ket are eight or t51 liv+1 palpitat+1 look+ out on ! /range _w ) eyes ( wi/ful mis]y4 ,_! %ort legs are r\ghly twi/$ s z to cross above _! backs1 & ! %>p claws on "o foot are ?ru/ ?r\gh ! fle%y "p ( ! o!r s z to hold !m toge!r )\t o!r fa/5+4 ,a five-foot iguana is fully ?ree feet tail1 & ( t caudal y>d at lea/ two feet ( its tap]+ l5g? is useless = food1 s ! native calmly *ops x (f ) 8 ma*ete1 expos+ ! mutilat$ b liv+ animal = sale4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,panama ,,f ,,! ,,bay2 ,,ancon ,,hill ,,9 ,,! ,,backgr\nd ,to our nor!rn eyes !re is probably no animal except a s]p5t m repulsive ?an ! iguana4 ,he is n only a liz>d1 b a peculi>ly hide\s "o--horn$1 sp9$1 mottl$ & w>ty l a toad4 ,b loa?some z he is1 ! wanton1 ?\ghtless tortures inflict$ ^u him by ! m>ketm5 inve/ him ) ! pa!tic dignity :i* m>tyrs be>4 ,fi% is app>5tly ! great /aple ( ! ,panama m>ket1 z beseems a place :i* is practically an isl& & ! v "n ( :i* signifies 8_m fi%es04 ,yet at ! "t ,i 0 !re ! v>iety expos$ = sale 0 n great4 ,! corb9a1 app>5tly ab\t z /aple & c]ta9 a crop z our nor!rn cod1 ! r$ snapp]1 mullet & a flat fi% resembl+ our fre% wat] sunfi%1 7 all t 7 exhibit$4 ,!re 7 a few ,we/ ,indian lob/]s too1 ab\t z l>ge z our av]age siz$ lob/]s1 b )\t claws1 hav+ ant5nae1 p]haps #ah in*es long1 in/ead4 ,%rimps & small molluscs 7 pl5tifully display$4 ,z to meats ! m>ket 0 nei!r v>i$ nor pleas+4 ,if ! assidu\s att5tions ( flies produce any effect on raw meats prejudicial to human heal?1 ! ,panama m>ket (f]s ri* field = "s ext5sion ( ! sanit>y p[]s ( ,col4 ,gorgas4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright1 #aiac1 ,f4 ,e4 ,wright4 ,,av5ida ,b4 ,,panama ,,city ,mo/ ( ! /reets 9 ,panama end at ! wat] side z ! city is built ^u a n>r[ promontory4 ,! effect ( ! blue wat] & sky clos+ ! end ( ! n>r[ /reet ( p>ti-color$ h\ses is picturesque4 ,9 "o notable respect ?is ,panama m>ket diff]s f mo/ op5 air affairs ( ! sort4 ,! v5dors make no p]sonal ef=t to sell _! goods4 ,!re is no appeal to pass+ buy]s1 no cry+ ( w>es1 no 8ballyhoo10 to employ ! language ( ,coney ,isl&4 ,:at *att] !re is is *iefly among ! buy]s2 ! sell]s sit sil5t by _! w>es & are m apt to receive a prospective cu/om] sulkily ?an ) al]t eag]ness4 ,inde$ ! preval5t condition ( ! ,panamanian1 s f> z obs]vable on ! /reets1 seems to be a *ronic case ( sulks4 ,d\btless among/ 8 own k9d he c be a m]ry dog1 b 9 ! pres5ce ( ! despis$ 8gr+o0 8 demeanor is "o ( apa?y1 or contemptu\s indiff]5ce4 ,p]haps :at he 0 do+ to ! tuna & ! iguana ! day ( our visit to ! m>ket 0 only :at he w\ld l to be do+ to ! nor!rn invad]s ( 8 nondescript m>ket place4 ,if y view ! subject fairly ! ,panamanian 9 ! /reet is some:at entitl$ to 8 view ( ! ,am]ican invasion4 ,:y %\ld he be p>ticul>ly pleas$ ov] ! indep5d5ce ( ,panama & ! digg+ ( ! ,canal8 ,he got none ( ! t5 million doll>s1 or ( ! #bej1jjj annual paym5t4 ,t w5t to 8 sup]iors :o plann$ ! 8revolution0 & told him ab\t x :5 x 0 all ov]4 ,! influx ( ,am]icans br\ght him no p>ticul> prosp]ity1 unless he drove a hack4 ,!y liv$ 9 ,commission h\ses & b\ght all _! goods 9 _! own commiss>y4 ,x 0 true !y clean$ up 8 t[n1 b he 0 us$ to ! dirt & ! fumes ( fumigation made him sneeze4 ,d\btless !re 0 no m yell[ fev]1 b he 0 immune to t anyway4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pott]y ,,v5dors ,,ne> ,,! ,,panama ,,city ,,m>ket ,b way d[n 9 ! bottom ( 8 he>t ! real unexpress$ reason = ! dislike ( ! mass ( ,panamanians = our p is _! res5tm5t at our h>dly conceal$ contempt = !m4 ,t[>d ! m prosp]\s ,panamanian ( social /ation ?is contempt is less manife/$1 & he accord+ly %[s less ( ! dislike = ,am]icans t is too evid5t among ! masses ( ! p4 ,b z = ! casual cl]k or me*anic we ,am]icans call him 8spiggotty0 ) frank contempt = 8 und]size1 8 lack ( education & = 8 l>ge proportion ( negro blood4 ,& ! l[] class ,panamanian sm>t+ "u ! contemptu\s epi!t retorts by call+ ! ,nor? ,am]icans 8gr+oes0 & hat+ !m ) a deep1 malevol5t rancor t ne$s only a fit occasion to blaze =? 9 riot & 9 massacre4 8,spiggotty01 :i* has n yet f\nd its way into ! diction>ies1 is d]iv$ f ! salutation ( hackm5 seek+ a f>e--8speaka-da-,engli%04 ,our fell[ c\ntrym5 ) a l(ty & x mu/ be admitt$ a r prov9cial scorn = =eign peoples--= y\r av]age citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ?9ks himself z sup]ior to ! re/ ( ! _w z ! citiz5 ( ,new ,york holds himself above ! re/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates--are n c>eful to limit its application to ,panamanians ( ! hackdriv+ class4 ,f 8 l(ty p9nacle ( sup]iority he br&s !m all1 f ! m>ket woman ) a /ock ( half a doz5 bananas & a h&ful ( mangoes to ! bank] or ! m]*ant ^: *ildr5 are be+ educat$ 9 ,europe l _! fa!r z 8spiggotties04 ,:]eat !y wri! & curse ! ,yankees4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,f ,a ,,panama ,,balcony ,9 ! n>r[ /reets ! broad balconies br+ neighbors close toge!r 8,gr+o0 is 9 ! diction>ies4 ,x is appli$ to pure :ites ( :atev] nation o!r ?an ,spani% or ,portuguese :o happ5 to be soj\rn+ 9 ,spani%-,am]ican l&s4 ,! ,c5tury ,diction>y r inadequately def9es x ?us3 8,among ,spani% ,am]icans an ,engli%man or an ,anglo-,am]ican2 a t]m ( contempt4 ,probably f ,greico1 a ,greek04 ,! diction>y d]ivation is n :olly satisfactory4 ,ano!r "o1 bas$ :olly on tradition1 is to ! effect t dur+ ! w> ) ,mexico our soldi]s 7 mu* giv5 to s++ a song1 8,gre5 ,gr[ ! ,ra%es1 ,oh06 :5ce ! t]m 8,gr+oes0 appli$ by ! ,mexicans4 ,! etymology ( int]national slang c nev] be an exact sci5ce1 b p]haps ?is w s]ve4 ,:atev] ! d]ivation1 :atev] ! diction>y def9itions1 ! two words 8spiggotty0 & 8gr+o0 /& = racial antagonism1 contempt & av]sion on ! "p ( ! m nor!rn p2 malice & suppress$ wra? on t ( ! ,spani%-,am]icans4 ,y w f9d ?is feel+ outcropp+ 9 e social plane 9 ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 noticeably less preval5t among ! m educat$ classes4 ,into ! t5 mile wide ,canal ,zone ! ,am]icans h p\r$ millions ^u millions ( money & w cont9ue to d s = a long "t to come4 ,mu* ( ?is money f9ds its way1 ( c\rse1 into ! h&s ( ! ,panamanians4 ,! h\s+ & commiss>y sy/em adopt$ by ! ,commission h depriv$ ! m]*ants & l&[n]s ( ,colon ( _! ri*e/ pick+s1 b nev]!less ! am\nt ( good ,am]ican money t has fall5 to _! lot is a gold5 /ream great] ?an t :i* fl[$ ov] ! old ,royal ,road 9 its mo/ cr[d$ days4 ,few small t[ns w %[ s _m automobiles z ,panama & !y h all be5 b\ght s9ce ! ,am]ican invasion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,_! ,,fir/ ,,communion ,panama is a ,roman ,ca?olic ,city ) picturesque *ur* processions ,nev]!less ! ,am]icans are hat$4 ,!y are hat$ = ! commiss>y sy/em4 ,! ,fr5* took no su* /ep to protect _! work]s f ! rapacity ( ,panama & ,colon %opkeep]s1 & !y are /ill talk+ ( ! "t ( ! ,fr5* ri*ness4 ,!y hate u because we clean$ _! t[ns & are keep+ !m clean--n p]haps because !y actually pref] ! old fil? & fatalities1 b because _! correction implies t !y 7 n altoge!r p]fect be=e we came4 ,= ! /ronge/ quality ( ! ,panamanian is 8 pride1 & x is precisely t s5tim5t :i* we ,nor? ,am]icans h ei!r wantonly or necess>ily outrag$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>riage ,,is ,,an ,,affair ,,( ,,"s ,,pomp ,)\t pret5sion to intimate acqua9tance ) ,panamanian home life ,i may /ate confid5tly t ?is attitude t[>d ! ,yankees is practically univ]sal4 ,! ord9>y demeanor ( ! native :5 acco/$ is sulky1 ev5 insol5t4 ,! %op-keep]1 unless he be a ,*9ese1 z mo/ ( ! bett] ones are1 makes a sale z if he 7 indiff]5t to y\r patronage1 & ?r[s y ! f9i%$ bundle z ?\gh he 7 toss+ a bone to a dog4 ,"o ,sunday morn+1 view+ ! lott]y draw+ at ! ,ar*bi%op's palace1 ,i saw a well-dress$ ,panamanian1 app>5tly ( ! bett] class1 r\s$ to su* wra? by a polite reque/ t he remove 8 hat to give a lady a bett] view1 t "o might h ?\ght ! be/ blood ( all ,ca/ile _h be5 enrag$ by "s deadly insult4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,manly ,,art ,,9 ,,! ,,tropics ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,national ,,police ,?is smold]+ wra? is ev] ready to break out2 ! brutal savag]y :i* manife/s itself 9 ! recurr5t revolutions ( ,spani%-,am]ica is ev] pres5t 9 ,panama4 ,on ! ,f\r? ( ,july1 #aiab1 ! ,am]icans resid5t on ! ,zone held patriotic ex]cises at ,ancon4 ,aft] ! spee*es & ! lun* a numb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates m>9es w&]$ into ! ,city ( ,panama &1 aft] ! un=tunate fa%ion ( _! k9d1 s\ght out t r$-light$ di/rict ( infamy :i* ! ,panama au?orities h ?\ghtfully segregat$ 9 a space betwe5 ! public hospital & ! cemet]ies4 ,! m5 7 un>m$1 b 9 uni=m4 ,naturally _! holiday began by visits to a numb] ( ,panamanian g9 mills :]e ! liquid fuel = a fight 0 tak5 abo>d4 ,9 due "t ! fight came4 ,a ,panama policeman int]v5$ & 0 beat5 = 8 pa9s4 ,o!r police came to 8 rescue4 ,somebody fir$ a %ot & soon ! police1 runn+ to _! /ation1 return$ ) magaz9e rifles & began pump+ bullets into ! un>m$ m>9es4 ,! latt] = a "t respond$ ) /ones1 b ! odds 7 too great & !y broke & ran = ! ,am]ican t]ritory ( ! ,canal ,zone4 ,meantime ( c\rse ! noise ( ! fusillade _h al>m$ ! ,am]ican au?orities4 ,at ,ancon1 sep>at$ f ,panama ,city only by an imag9>y b\nd>y l9e1 ! ,zone police 7 mu/]$ = s]vice 9 case ( ne$1 & at ,camp ,otis1 an h\r away by rail1 ! #aj? ,infantry1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 0 drawn up "u arms1 & tra9s made ready to br+ ! troops to ! riot\s city at comm&4 ,b ! ord] nev] came1 ?\gh ! #aj? (fic]s & m5 alike 7 eag] = x4 ,x c\ld come only ?r\gh ! ,am]ican m9i/]1 & he 0 sil5t1 believ+ t ! occasion did n w>rant ! employm5t ( ! troops on ! =eign soil ( ,panama4 ,s ! m>9es--or z _m ( !m z _! (fic]s c\ld ga!r up--7 s5t to _! po/1 ,camp ,elliott1 by tra9 :ile ^? arre/$ by ! ,panamanians 7 tak5 to ! ,*iriqui ,jail1 or to ! ,panama hospitals4 ,9 jail ! un>m$ captives 7 beat5 & tortur$ aft] ! fa%ion ( ! av]age ,lat9-,am]ican :5 he has a foe1 helpless 9 8 p[]4 ,! day end$ ) ?ree ,am]ican m>9es kill$ & _m w\nd$2 ! ,am]icans1 soldi]s & civilians1 bo? gritt+ _! tee? & eag] to take possession ( ,panama2 & ! ,panamanians1 noisy1 insol5t1 boa/ful1 bragg+ ( h[ !y _h :ipp$ ! 8,yankee pigs0 & d>+ ! :ole ,unit$ ,/ates to attempt any puni%m5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,taboga1 ,,! ,,pleasure ,,place ,,( ,,panama ,! ,unit$ ,/ates seems to h sup9ely 8tak5 ! d>e01 z ! boys w\ld say1 = ?\gh ! affray & ! murd]s occurr$ 9 ,july1 #aiab1 no?+ has yet be5 done4 ,9 answ] to a =mal qu]y 9 ,april1 #aiac1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate repli$ t ! matt] 0 8/ill ! subject ( diplomatic correspond5ce :i* x is hop$ w h a satisfactory t]m9ation04 ,am]icans on ! ,zone are depress$ ov] ! seem+ lack ( vigor on ! "p ( ! home gov]nm5t4 ,!y say t ! app>5t immunity enjoy$ by ! assailants ( ! m>9es has only enhanc$ ! contemptu\s hatr$ ( ! natives = ! ,am]icans4 8,let !m /ep on our side ( ! l9e01 says ! swa%buckl+ native ) a *ip on 8 %\ld]1 8& we'll %[ 'em04 ,among ! ,am]icans on ! ,zone !re is almo/ univ]sal regret t ! troops 7 n m>*$ into ,panama on ! day ( ! riot4 ,au?ority exi/$ "u ! treaty ) ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,! troops 7 ready4 ,! lesson ne$ n h be5 a sev]e "o1 b x 0 des]v$ & w\ld h be5 la/+4 ,fur!rmore ^? be/ equipp$ to judge say t ! ev5t is only def]r$1 n av]t$4 8,spiggotty0 & 8,gr+o0 w n cont9ue long to make faces ov] an imag9>y l9e )\t a cla%4 ,illu/ration3 ,,santa ,,ana ,,*ur*1 #agfd ,despite ! feel+ aga9/ ! ,am]icans1 all classes ( ,panamanians mu/ admit receiv+ a c]ta9 am\nt ( advantage f ! activities ( ! ,canal build]s4 ,moreov] ! #aj1jjj1jjj paid ov] by ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,canal ,zone has n be5 squ&]$1 nor has x be5 dissipat$ 9 graft4 ,we are incl9$ to laugh because "o ( ! fir/ uses to :i* x 0 put 0 to build a gov]nm5t !at]1 :i* is op5$ sc>ce ?irty days out ( ! ye>4 ,b x is fair to take ! ,lat9 temp]am5t into consid]ation4 ,!re is no ,lat9-,am]ican republic s impov]i%$ z n to h a !at] built by ! public4 ,! ,republic ( ,panama1 creat$ ov]night1 f\nd itself )\t any public build+s :atsoev]1 b>r+ ! jail4 ,obvi\sly a national capitol 0 ! fir/ ne$ & x 0 spe$ily suppli$4 ,if "o w+ 0 us$ to h\se a !at] t 0 a matt] = local consid]ation & n "o = cold-blood$ ,yankees to je] ab\t4 ,! ,republic itself 0 a little !atrical1 r rem9isc5t ( ! papi]-m* creations ( ! /age c>p5t]1 & might be expect$ to vani% l a trans=mation sc5e4 ,at any rate ) ! money 9 h& ! ,panamanians built a v cr$itable gov]nm5t build+1 includ+ a ,national ,!at]1 & an impos+ build+ = ! ,national ,in/itute z well4 ,!y might h done worse4 ,x %[$ t ! revolution 0 m ( a bus9ess affair ?an mo/ ,c5tral-,am]ican ent]prises ( t sort4 ,! av]age lead] ( s successful an ent]prise w\ld h conceal$ ! great] "p ( ! booty 9 a ,p>is bank acc\nt to 8 own ord]1 & us$ ! re/ 9 build+ up an army = 8 own ma9t5ance 9 p[]4 ,panama has h] ne$$ public build+s--let u w9k at ! !at]--& #g1ejj1jjj inve/$ 9 ,new ,york aga9/ a "t ( ne$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,panama ,,national ,,in/itute ,9 ! backgr\nd is ! ,canal adm9i/ration build+ & ! resid5ce ( ,col4 ,gorgas ,! ?ree gov]nm5t build+s 9 ! ,city ( ,panama are all cr$itable ar*itecturally1 & f a sup]ficial /&po9t /ructurally z well4 ,:5ev] y are %[n a piece ( gov]nm5t "w 9 a ,lat9-,am]ican c\ntry y\r guide always :isp]s 8graft0--z = t matt] is ! practice 9 ,new ,york z well4 ,b ,panama seems to h receiv$ ! wor? ( its money4 ,! ,gov]nm5t ,palace1 :i* corresponds to our national capitol1 /&s fac+ a little plaza op5 t[>d ! sea4 ,x is ne>ly squ>e1 #ahj by #aej feet1 surr\nd+ a ta/eful c\rt or patio aft] ! ,s\? ,am]ican mann]4 ,built ( rubble masonry x is fac$ ) :ite cem5t1 & is ( a s+ul>ly simple & effective ar*itectural /yle = a ,lat9-,am]ican edifice4 ,! build+ h\ses ! ,assembly ,hall1 ! ,gov]nm5t ,!at] & ! public (fices4 ,! int]ior ( ! !at]1 :i* seats ab\t #ajjj1 is r 9 ! ,european ?an ! ,nor? ,am]ican /yle ) a full ti] ( boxes1 l>ge foy]s decorat$ ) pa9t+s by ,panama arti/s1 & all ! appurt5ances ( a well-appo9t$ op]a h\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,municipal ,,build+ ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,national ,,palace ,,& ,,!at] ,next to ! ,gov]nm5t ,palace ! mo/ ambiti\s public build+ 9 ,panama is ! home ( ! ,national ,in/itute1 or ,univ]sity1 :i* ne/les at ! foot ( ,ancon ,hill4 ,?is is a gr\p ( sev5 build+s surr\nd+ a c5tral c\rt4 ,! ,in/itute is design$ 9 "t to become a true univ]sity1 b its accommodations are at pres5t f> 9 advance ( its ne$s4 ,equipp$ ) an excell5t faculty x w = "s "t to come--x 0 op5$ only 9 #aiaa--suff] f a lack ( pupils1 because ! public s*ools 9 ! ,republic are n yet fitt$ to equip pupils = a univ]sity c\rse4 ,! population ( ,panama is l>gely illit]ate4 ,! c5sus 9 #aiaa %[$ #fj1dia *ildr5 ( s*ool age1 & only #ah1fjg enroll$ 9 s*ools ( all classes4 ,( ^? m ?an #af1jjj 7 enroll$ 9 ! prim>y s*ools4 ,! ,gov]nm5t h[ev] is do+ all x c to enc\rage education among ! masses1 & ! ,national ,in/itute w (f] to all :o fit !mselves to ent] its classes n only free tuition1 b free bo>d & lodg+ z well4 ,! ?ird consid]able public build+ 9 ,panama is ! ,municipal ,build+ :i* /&s at "o corn] ( ! ,ca!dral ,plaza4 ,x conta9s1 beside ! c\ncil *amb] & usual (fices1 ! ,columbus ,libr>y ( ab\t #bejj books1 includ+ _m r>e volumes on ! anci5t hi/ory ( ! ,i/hmian l& & its p4 ,to return h[ev] to ! physical aspects ( ! ,city ( ,panama4 ,x is record$ ( a c]ta9 ,k+ ( ,spa9 t :5 c]ta9 bills = ! =tification ( ,panama ,city 7 pres5t$ to him he gaz$ into vacancy ) ! rapt eyes ( "o see+ visions4 8,me?9ks ,i behold ^? walls f "h01 quo? he to ! suppliant treasur]1 8!y mu/ be s prodigi\s06 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,gause ,,sali5t ,,angle ,,( ,,l&w>d ,,wall ,inde$ :at rema9s ( ! walls ( ,panama is impressive to ,am]ican eyes t1 accu/om$ to ! peace & newness ( our own t[ns1 always rejoice 9 see+ ! relics ( ! "t :5 e city 0 a wall$ camp4 ,ru9s & ! remnants ( by-gone days ( battle are n[ & w become increas+ly objects ( human int]e/4 ,= 9 ! c5turies to come our pres5t edifices ( iron %ea!d ) slabs ( /one or brick w dis9tegrate into ru/ & clay1 :ile z = ! sc5es ( our mo/ glori\s battles !y rema9 ev5 today z b>ely disc]nible l9es ( e>?works4 ,gone is ! day ( turret$ ca/les1 fr[n+ walls1 ba/ions1 ravel9s & donjon keeps4 ,x is little wond] t ev5 ! remnants ( ,panama's wall are impressive4 ,! new city 0 decre$ by ! ,que5 ( ,spa9 9 #afgb1 or ab\t a ye> aft] ,morgan _h despoil$ & de/roy$ ,old ,panama4 ,! site 0 *os5 l>gely because ( ! opportunity x af=d$ = def5se1 & ! good ,bi%op _h sc>cely select$ ! site = ! ,ca!dral :5 ! milit>y (ficials began /ak+ out ! l9e ( ! walls4 ,?\gh almo/ #bej ye>s h s9ce pass$ a great "p ( ^! =tifications is /ill intact1 & ! plan ( ! :ole is /ill easily traceable amid ! n>r[ /reets ( ! cr[d$ little city4 ,mo/ notable ( ! sections /ill /&+ is ! sea wall1 sometimes call$ ,las ,bov$as1 f :i* on ! "o h& "o looks d[n on ! inmates ( ! fl[]y little ,*iriqui ,prison1 & on ! o!r out to sea--pa/ ! %all[ h>bor ) its army ( pelicans1 pa/ ! toss+ little native fi%+ & m>ket boats1 pa/ ! long ,balboa fill :]e ! ,canal build]s h ?r[n a m\nta9 into ! sea & made a va/ pla91 & s on to ! ?ree little isl&s1 ris+ craggy f ! ocean :]e ! ,great ,republic ( ! ,nor? is m\nt+ ! cannon t %all gu>d ! entrance ( ! ,canal f any invad]4 ,v diff]5t f ! old ,spani% =t ( ! #ag? c5tury are ^! milit>y works ( ! #bj? & n ne>ly s picturesque4 ,su* z !y are mu/ be left to ! imag9ation1 = ! milit>y au?orities rigidly b> ! cam]a f ! po/4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,gause ,,boys ,,skat+ ,,on ,,sea ,,wall ,! orig9al city /ood on a p59sula1 & ?ree sides ( ?is 7 b\nd$ by ! sea wall1 ris+ f ab\t high wat] m>k to a height ( f tw5ty to ?irty feet4 ,ab\t half way betwe5 ! pres5t plazas ( ! ,ca!dral & ,santa ,ana ! wall turn$ inw>d ) a great fr[n+ ba/ion at ea* corn] & cross$ ! ,i/hmus4 ,a moat 0 dug on its l&w>d side1 %utt+ (f all communication ) ! ma9l& save ov] ! drawbridge & ?r\gh ! sally-port on ! l9e ( ! ,av5ida ,c5trale4 ,) drawbridge up & sally-port clos$ ! old t[n 0 effectually %ut (f f attack by l&1 :ile its guns on ! l&w>d wall effectually comm&$ ! broad pla9 on :i* n[ /&s ! upp] "p ( ! t[n1 & ! declivities ( ,ancon ,hill :]e n[ are ! build+s ( ! ,zone hospital & ! ,tivoli ,hotel4 ,illu/ration3 ,,vaults ,,9 ,,! ,,panama ,,cemet]y ,! small sepul*res are r5t$ = a specifi$ "t1 usually ?ree ye>s4 ,unless ! lease is !n r5ew$ ! bones ( ! t5ant are ca/ out into a common pile4 ,a good bit ( con/ruction & ( milit>y eng9e]+ 0 ! wall ( ,panama--our own eng9e]s on ! ,canal h done no bett]4 ,r\nd ! corn] f ,la ,m]c$es ,*ur* a sali5t ba/ion crops out among fragile frame t5em5ts & j]ry-built /ructures4 ,! angle is z %>p z ?\gh ! /orms ( two & a half c5turies _h n brok5 ov] x4 ,climb x & y w f9d ! top level1 grassy1 & broad en\gh = a t5nis c\rt full ?irty feet above ! level ( ! t[n4 ,! con/ruction 0 n unlike t ( ! c5t] walls ( ! locks design$ by ! be/ ,am]ican eng9e]s4 ,two p>allel walls ( masonry 7 built1 ab\t =ty to fifty feet ap>t & ! space betwe5 fill$ 9 ) dirt1 pack$ solidly4 ,on ?is "p ( ! wall 7 no bomb pro(s1 *amb]s or dungeons4 ,! guns 7 m\nt$ en b>bette1 on ! v top ( ! wall & dis*>g$ ?r\gh embrasures 9 ! p>apet4 ,r let x be said t !y 7 to h be5 fir$1 = ! new ,panama 0 built aft] ! plague ( ! pirates _h pass$ & ! bane ( ! buccane]s 0 abat$4 ,no foe ev] assault$ ! city f its l&w>d side4 ,9 ! frequ5t revolutions ! cont5d+ p>ties 7 already )9 ! t[n & did _! fight+ 9 its /reets1 ! old walls s]v+ no m useful purpose ?an ! ropes :i* def9e a prize r+4 ,only ! sea-wall has he>d ! ?und] ( cannon 9 deadly conflict4 ,!re dur+ ! brief revolution :i* gave ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! :ip h& 9 ,panama a ,colombian gunboat did inde$ make a pret5se ( %ell+ ! city1 b 0 driv5 away by ma*9e guns m\nt$ on ! wall4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ru9s ,,( ,,san ,,dom+o ,,*ur* ,)9 ! walls1 or ! portion ( ! t[n ! walls once surr\nd$1 live ! old] families ( native ,panamanians1 or ^? ( =eign bir? :o h liv$ s long ^u ! ,i/hmus z to become id5tifi$ ) its life4 ,! edifices along ! /reets are m sub/antial1 ! %ops m dignifi$ ?an 9 ! new] qu>t] )\t4 ,!re are few1 if any1 frame /ructures & ^! evid5tly pat*$ 9 :]e "s fire has swept away m sub/antial pr$ecessors4 ,?is "p ( ,panama is rem9isc5t ( _m small t[ns ( ,spa9 or ,portugal4 ,! gall]ies nod at ea* o!r across /reets too n>r[ to admit ! burn+ sun1 or to p]mit ! passage ( m ?an "o vehicle at a "t4 ,! old] *ur*es1 or _! ru9s1 div]sify ! city /reets1 & ! ,ca!dral ,plaza 9 ! v c5t] ) ! great op5 caf ( ! hi/oric ,hotel ,c5trale at "o side has a di/9ctly =eign flavor4 ,"h z "o sits 9 ! op5 li/5+ to ! native b& & sipp+ a dr9k--s(t]1 if "o be wise1 ?an t ! natives ?rive ^u--& wat*es ! native girls ( e %ade & 9 gaye/ dress driv+ or loit]+ pa/1 "o feels f> f ! bu/l+ ,nor? ,am]ican _w1 f> f t snap & g+] & hu/le on :i* ,am]icans pride !mselves4 ,& !n p]haps ! music is sudd5ly punctuat$ by heavy dull 8booms01 l a di/ant cannonade1 & "o kn[s t only a few miles away dynamite is r5d+ rock & man is grappl+ fi]cely ) nature4 ,c>nival occupies ! f\r days prec$+ ,a% ,w$nesday1 ! p]iod kn[n 9 all ,ca?olic c\ntries z ! ,m>di ,gras4 ,= ye>s its gaiety has be5 prec$$ by a vigor\s political conte/ = ! high honor ( be+ ,que5 ( ! ,c>nival1 ?\gh x is said t 9 lat] ye>s ?is rivalry has be5 less det]m9$ ?an ( yore4 ,at "o "t1 h[ev]1 x 0 cont5d$ = z /r5u\sly z ?\gh ! presid5cy ( ! republic 0 at /ake & ! two political p>ties--lib]al & cons]vative--made x z mu* a /ake ( political activity z ?\gh ! de/9y ( ! ,/ate 0 involv$4 ,happy ! "y woman :o _h a fa!r able & will+ to foot ! bills1 = no corrupt practices act int]v5$ to save c&idates f ! wiles ( ! campaign graft]1 or to gu>d ! integrity ( ! vot] f ! insidi\s temptations ( ! man ) a b>rel4 ,x w\ld be *ivalric to say t ! "o issue 9 ! campaign is ! beauty ( ! respective c&idates1 b alas = a m]c5>y age6 ,! sordid _s ( comm]cialism has crept 9 & ! ,panamanian papa mu/ look ^u ! ambitions ( 8 beaute\s daught] z almo/ z exp5sive z a six cyl9d] automobile1 a trip to ,europe1 or a ye>n+ = a titl$ husb&4 ,b sometimes !re are comp5sations4 ,x is :isp]$ t = "o 9 retail trade 9 a l>ge way x is no bad adv]tisem5t to h a ,c>nival ,que5 = a daught]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"s ,,c>nival ,,floats ,9 ! c> %[n 9 ! upp] "r-h& corn] is ! ,que5 ( ! ,c>nival ( #aiac ,we h tri$ c>nivals 9 v>i\s ( our m cold-blood$ ,am]ican cities1 b we _c get ! _s4 ,our floats are m arti/ic & exp5sive1 our decorations are m lavi%1 b we sit & view ! p>ade ) deta*$ calmness z ?\gh ! revel]s 7 hir$ cl[ns4 ,9 ,panama ev]ybody jo9s 9 ! sport4 ,! l9e ( c>riages ar\nd ! p>k 9 ! ,plaza ,c5trale1 !nce by ! ,av5ida to ! ,plaza ,santa ,ana & back is unbrok54 ,! confetti falls l a ,janu>y sn[ & ! /reets are ankle deep4 ,ev]yone is 9 mask & y c nev] tell :e!r ! langui%+ eyes pe]+ out ^u y are set 9 a face ( pe>l or ( ebony4 ,! noise ( innum]able horns & rattles rises to ,heav5 & rev]b]ates 9 ! n>r[ /reets1 :ile ! bells jangle out ( tune1 z is _! cu/om4 ,oh1 ^? bells ( ,panama6 ,nev] 7 s _m peals & *imes out ( h>mony4 ,/$man1 :o he>d !m only 9 an ord9>y mom5t1 n 9 _! ,m>di ,gras madness1 put !m to v]se ?us3 8,l\dly ! crack$ bells ov]head ,( ,san ,francisco d+ ,) ,santa ,ana1 ,la ,m]c$1 ,felipe answ]+4 ,bang$ all at once1 & f\r times f\r ,morn1 noon & night ! m & m1 ,clatt] & clang ) huge upro>1 ,! bells ( ,panama04 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,anci5t ,,ca!dral ,its t[]s h look$ d[n on c>nival1 revolution1 revelry & riot ,seoritas ( sundry %ades look d[n sweetly f ! balconies1 & %[] confetti on gallant caball]os :o /alk along z giant *anticle]s1 or /rive to entangle 9 p>ti-color$ tapes ! lances ( a gay p>ty ( toreadors4 ,at night "s ( ! wom5 enme% giant fireflies 9 _! rav5 locks ) fla%+ effect4 ,k+ ,lic5se rules supreme1 & "s ( ! horseplay ev5 9 ! brightly light$ cafs ( ! ,c5trale & ,metropolitan r transc5ds ! limits ( coldly descriptive prose4 ,! natives w tell y t ! ,ca!dral ,plaza is ! c5t] ( propriety2 ! ,plaza ,santa ,ana a trifle risqu4 ,aft] obs]vation & a return at daybreak f ! c>nival balls held at ! ,c5trale & ,metropolitan ,hotels y c m$itate at y\r leisure ^u ! precise significance ( ! ^w propriety 9 ,panama at ,m>di ,gras4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,police ,,/ation1 ,,panama ,! clause 9 ! treaty :i* grants to ! ,unit$ ,/ates au?ority to ma9ta9 ord] 9 ! ,republic might v readily be /ret*$ to include police p[] ov] ,panama4 ,?is has n be5 done h[ev] & ! city has its own police =ce1 an exce$+ly num]\s "o = a t[n ( its size4 ,und\bt$ly1 h[ev]1 diplomatic repres5tations f ! ,unit$ ,/ates h caus$ ! ,panamanians to put _! police regulations some:at 9 accord ) ,nor? ,am]ican ideas4 ,!re are no m bull fights--8,we nev] _h v good bull-fights anyway01 said a ,panama g5tleman pla9tively acquiesc+ 9 ?is re=m4 ,cock-fights h[ev] fl\ri% & =m1 ) ! lott]y draw+1 ! *ief ,sunday div]sion4 ,a pretty dismal spectacle x is1 too1 ) two att5uat$ birds1 (t5 cov]$ ) blood & half sightless1 /rik+ fi]cely at ea* o!r ) long /eel spurs1 :ile a cr[d ( a hundr$ or s1 blacks & :ites1 indiscrim9ately yell enc\ragem5t & %riek = bets f ! surr\nd+ ar5a4 ,! bett+ 9 fact is ! real support ( ! game4 ,! ,jamaicans p>ticul>ly h _! favorite cocks & w wag] a week's pay on _! favorites & all ( _! wives' laundry e>n+s !y c lay h&s ^u z well4 ,"o or two gamecocks te!r$ by ! leg are z common a sight ab\t a ,jamaican's hut z 8h\n' dawgs0 ar\nd a ,miss\ri cab94 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ur* ,,( ,,our ,,lady ,,( ,,m]cy 7,,la ,,m]c$7 ,if !re is any regulation ( ! liquor traffic 9 ,panama1 x is n app>5t to ! casual obs]v]4 ,n[h]e does "o see s mu* dr9k+1 & n[h]e t p dr9k at all is !re less drunk5ness4 ,x is a curi\s fact t ^! two ph5om5a--wide-op5 dr9k+ places & little drunk5ness--are (t5 f\nd toge!r4 ,9 ,panama ! saloons are legion1 & ,i regret to say ! bigge/ ( !m are run by ,am]icans4 ,no scre5s ob/ruct a full view ( ! int]iors1 & h>d5$ tippl]s flaunt _! vice 9 ! faces ( all behold]s4 ,p]haps ! v publicity impels !m to quit be=e !y are hopelessly befuddl$4 ,possibly ! moi/ & some:at debilitat+ climate p]mits ! innocu\s use ( /imulants to a great] ext5t ?an w\ld be possible 9 ! ,nor?4 ,beside ! abs5ce ( any sc&al\s op5 drunk5ness !re seems to be "s significance 9 ! fact t ! records ( ! ,zone hospitals %[ a surpris+ly small numb] ( dea?s f diseases induc$ by *ronic alcoholism4 ,b ! casual obs]v] /roll+ on ,av5ida ,c5trale1 or along ! /reets tribut>y to x1 might be excus$ = ?9k+ ,panama "o great grog %op4 ,x is curi\s1 too1 t despite ! ,lat9 "* ( ! populace ! ta/e = light w9es1 9 :i* "s see ! hope ( national temp]ance1 does n seem g5]al4 ,:isky1 br&y & rum are ! regul> tipples4 ,on a /ill rememb]$ night 9 ,panama1 be=e ! ,am]ican invasion1 ! ,c5trale ,hotel b> 0 made free to all4 ,no dr9ks 7 s]v$ to ! ?ir/y1 b to all :o appe>$ a bottle 0 giv5 & ! l9e m>*$ pa/ = "s h\rs4 ,yet1 ev5 at t1 !re 0 no consid]able drunk5ness obs]v$4 ,app>5tly = ! ,panamanians dr9k is n a hopeless evil1 b to ! soldi]s & m>9es ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates /ation$ on ! ,i/hmus & d5i$ ! rational social life ( a well-regulat$ cante5 ! op5 doors ( ! saloons ( ,panama are z ! op5 doors to a hott] spot4 ,_! m /r5u\s temp]am5ts w n /& ! /imulant :i* leaves a ,panamanian z /olid z be=e4 ,! fatal riot ( ,july #d1 #aiab1 is "o illu/ration ( :at ,panama saloon hospitality may d ) ! m5 :o we> ! khaki4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"y ,,am]ica ,,on ,,panama ,,bea* ,illu/ration3 ,,ready ,,to ,,control ,,! ,,pacific ,%opp+ 9 ,panama is a decid$ly cosmopolitan ent]prise4 ,! %opkeep] ( :om ,i b\ght a ,panama hat1 made 9 ,ecuador1 did bus9ess "u a ,spani% "n1 0 9 fact a ,g5oese & :5 he f\nd ,i c\ld speak nei!r ,spani% nor ,italian coax$ me up to 8 price 9 ,fr5*4 ,mo/ ( ! retail prices are ( s ela/ic a sort t :5 y h beat5 !m d[n two-?irds y retire ) y\r package p]fectly confid5t t !y w\ld h /ood ano!r cut4 ,nev]!less ! ,*9ese m]*ants1 :o are ! *ief retail deal]s 9 ! tropics1 compel respect4 ,!y live cleanly1 are capable bus9ess m51 %[ none ( ! slo? & indiff]5ce ( ! natives1 & seem to prosp] ev]y:]e4 ,! ,*9ese m>ket g>d5s 9 ! outskirts ( ,panama are a positive relief = ! neatness ( _! trim r[s ( timely plants4 ,! ,panamanian eats yams & grumbles t ! soil w gr[ no?+ else2 ! ,*9aman makes x produce practically all ! vegetables t gr[ 9 our nor!rn g>d5s4 ,av5ida ,c5trale ends its art]ial c\rse at ! sea wall ( ! city1 or at lea/ at t "p ( ! sea wall :i* is ! be/ pres]v$ & reta9s mo/ ( its old-"t dignity4 ,x is "h some?+ l ! ,batt]y at ,*>le/on1 ,s4 ,c41 ?\gh ! h\ses fr++ x are n ( a l /atel9ess1 & ! ari/ocracy ( ! qu>t] is some:at temp]$ by ! fact t "h1 too1 is ! city prison4 ,into ! c\rty>ds ( ?is calaboose y c gaze f sundry little s5try boxes1 ! little s5tries 9 :i* seem ev] ready to /ep out to let ! t\ri/ /ep 9 & aft]w>d pose = 8 cam]a1 ) rifle1 fix$ bayonet & an ev5 m fix$ expression4 ,! great] "p ( "o ( ! prison y>ds is giv5 ov] to fl[] b$s1 & ?\gh sunk5 "s tw5ty feet or m bel[ ! cre/ ( ! wall1 is ?\ghtfully provid$ ) su* half-way /ations 9 ! way ( lean-to %$s1 ladd]s & wat] butts t !re seems to be no reason :y any prison] %\ld /ay 9 :o wants to get out4 ,b p]haps !y don't (t5 ye>n = lib]ty4 ,a wire f5ce cuts (f ! woman's section ( ! jail & ! sev]al native wom5 ,i obs]v$ flirt+ assidu\sly ) desp]ate male malefactors f :om !y 7 sep>at$ only by ?is f5ce1 seem$ cont5t ) _! lot1 & evid5tly help$ to cultivate l resignation 9 ! brea/s ( _! d>k ador]s4 ,a :ite-clad gu>d1 ma*ete at side & heavy pi/ol at belt1 walks among !m j+l+ a heavy bun* ( keys au?oritatively b (f]+ no int]ruption to _! t5d] int]ludes4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! r[ ( frame qu>t]s by :i* ! prison y>d is bisect$ y c see at ! normal h\rs ! prison]s tak+ _! meals at a long table 9 ! op5 air4 ,ov] ! p>apet ( ! sea wall above1 an equally long r[ ( t\ri/s is g5]ally level+ cam]as1 & sometimes ex*ang+ lively bad9age ) "s crim9al :o objects to figur+ 9 ?is amateur rogues' gall]y4 ,to ! casual spectator x all savors ( op]a b\ffe1 b !re are /ories a-pl5ty t ! ,panama jail has _h its %>e ( brutal cruelty z h mo/ places :]e9 m5 are lock$ away f sight & subject to ! :ims ( o!rs n s v mu* _! sup]iors4 ,once ! ,*iriqui ,prison 0 a =tress1 ! bank ( qu>t]s = ! prison]s =m$ ! b>racks1 & ! deep ar*ways "u ! sea wall 7 dungeons (t populat$ by political prison]s4 ,miasma1 damp & ! brutality ( jail]s h _m a "t br\ght to occupants ( ^? dungeons _! f9al dis*>ge1 & a pat* ( wall ne> by1 ) ! bricks significantly *ipp$1 is po9t$ out z ! place :]e o!rs h be5 f "t to "t /ood up 9 front ( a fir+ squad at too %ort a range = misses4 ,! ,lat9-,am]ican lu/ = blood has _h its manife/ations 9 ,panama1 & ! old prison has d\btless h\s$ its %>e ( m>tyrs4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fl[]y ,,*iriqui ,,prison ,:]e native wom5 prison]s may flirt )\t int]ruption ) male malefactors1 sep>at$ only by a wire f5ce ,b "o ?9ks little ( ! grimm] hi/ory ( ! ,*iriqui ,prison1 look+ d[n ^u ! bright fl[] b$s1 & ! gay quadroon girls flirt+ ) "s desp]ate "* :o is p]haps 890 = a too lib]al indulg5ce 9 rum la/ pay day4 ,inde$ ! gu>d w>ds (f m sangu9>y rem9isc5ces by tell+ y t !y us$ to hold bull bait+s--a mild] =m ( bull-fight--9 ! y>d t ! captives 9 ! dungeons might witness ! sport1 & p]haps envy ! bull1 qui5 sabe8 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,m>ket ,,= ,,%ell ,,fi% ,! black spots on ! ro( are vultures1 ! (ficial scav5g]s ,! pres5t t[n ( ,panama does n impress "o ) ! air ( be+ ! sc5e ( d>k crimes ( covet\sness1 lu/ & hate4 ,its police sy/em1 view$ sup]ficially1 is effective & mo/ ( ! malefactors 9 ! ,*iriqui ,jail are !re = trivial (f5ses only4 ,"o crime ( a few ye>s ago h[ev] bids fair to become hi/oric4 ,"o ( ! banks 9 ! t[n 0 well kn[n to be ! repository ( ! funds ne$$ = ! payroll ( ! ,canal =ce4 ,x 0 ! policy ( ! ,commission to pay (f z mu* z possible 9 gold & silv]1 & to a v great ext5t 9 co9s ( comp>atively small d5om9ation 9 ord] to keep x on ! ,zone4 ,! money paid out on pay drafts comes swiftly back ?r\gh ! ,commiss>y to ! banks :i* accord+ly accumulate a v consid]able /ock ( ready ca% z a subsequ5t pay day approa*es4 ,n[ ! banks ( ,panama d n seem to ev5 ! casual obs]v] z /rongholds1 & probably to ! pr(essional cracksman !y are positive invitations to ent]prise4 ,accord+ly1 ?ree m51 only "o ( :om _h any crim9al record or 0 9 any s5se an habitu ( ! und]world1 set ab\t break+ into "o ( ! pr9cipal banks4 ,!y laid _! plans ) delib]ation & conduct$ _! op]ations ) due reg>d = _! p]sonal com=t4 ,_! plan 0 to tunnel into ! bank f an adjo9+ build+1 9 :i* !y set up a bogus contract+ bus9ess to acc\nt = ! odds & ends ( ma*9]y & implem5ts !y _h ab\t4 ,! tunnel be+ d>k !y /rung electric lights 9 x4 ,be+ hot1 "u t tropic air1 !y in/all$ electric fans4 ,all ! com=ts ( a burgl>'s home 7 !re4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ca!dral ,,& ,,plaza ,f a /rictly pr(essional /&po9t !y made n a s+le blund]4 ,_! "o error--almo/ a fatal "o--0 9 n be+ good *ur*m54 ,= !y _h plann$ to ent] ! bank late on a ,saturday night4 ,tuesday 0 to be pay day & on ,monday ! full am\nt ( ! pay roll w\ld be drawn out4 ,b ,saturday night x w\ld all be !re--sev]al hundr$ ?\s& doll>s--& !y w\ld h all day ,sunday to pack x securely & make _! getaway4 ,midnight1 !n1 saw !m creep+ into ! bank4 ,! safe yield$ readily to _! assaults1 b x disgorg$ only a begg>ly #cj1jjj or s4 ,:at c\ld be ! tr\ble8 ,j !n ! k dawn$ on ! disappo9t$ b&its t ,monday 0 a ,sa9t's day1 ! bank w\ld be clos$1 !re=e ! prud5t ,zone payma/] _h drawn 8 funds on ,saturday4 ,! joke 0 on ! cracksm54 ,) ! comp>atively few ?\s&s !y _h accumulat$ ! disappo9t$ outlaws took a motor boat & made = ,colombia4 ,_h !y secur$ ! loot !y expect$ !y w\ld h be5 made welcome !re1 = ,colombia does n recognize h] run-away *ild ,panama1 & no extradition treaty c\ld h be5 appeal$ to by ! ,panamanians aga9/ _! despoil]s4 ,z x 0 !y qu>rel$ ov] ! booty4 ,"o ( ! ?ree 0 kill$2 ! o!r two 7 arre/$ = ! murd]1 b soon w5t free4 ,_! complete immunity f prosecution calls att5tion to ! fact t a few h\rs' trip 9 a motor boat w take any "o guilty ( crime 9 ,panama to a l& :]e he w be :olly free f puni%m5t4 ,*ur*es 9 ,panama1 or ! ru9s ( !m1 are _m1 & :ile n beautiful are int]e/+4 ,ev]ybody goes to see ! fam\s flat ar* ( ! ,san ,dom+o ,*ur*1 & its disappe>ance w be a sore bl[ to guides & po/-c>d deal]s4 ,aside f its curi\s ar*itectural quality ! ar* d]ives int]e/ f a leg5d ( its con/ruction by a pi\s monk4 ,twice x fell be=e ! mort> _h "t to set4 ,! ?ird "t its design] br\ght a /ool & sat himself d[n bel[ ! heavy key/one4 8,if x falls01 he said1 8,i g ) x04 ,b t "t ! ar* /ood firm1 & x has )/ood ! assaults ( c5turies to come at la/ to ! ignoble end ( incorporation 9 a t5em5t h\se4 ,! ar*1 :i* c]ta9ly looks un/able1 is (t5 po9t$ to z an evid5ce ( ! slight p]il on ! ,i/hmus f e>?quake %ocks4 ,su* convulsions ( nature are inde$ n unkn[n b are usually feeble4 ,t great %ock t ov]?rew ,san ,francisco 0 n ev5 regi/]$ by ! seismograph on ! ,canal zone4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,a ,,panama ,,p>k ,practically all ! *ur*es are ( ! same plan--two t[]s at ! front corn]s ) ! faade built betwe54 ,! t[]s ( ! ,ca!dral rise high above ! ro( & ! tap]+ /eeples are cov]$ ) slabs ( "m-(-pe>l1 :i* make a brave spectacle f ! bay :5 ! rosy rays ( ! sett+ sun play ^u !m4 ,)9 all ! *ur*es are poor & b>r5 ( ornam5t4 ,!y h be5 /ripp$ ( _! funds by v>i\s au?orities beg9n+ ) ,spa9 itself1 "o ( ! ,spani% g5]als 9 ! revolution>y days hav+ seiz$ all ! available funds to pay = transportation = 8 army4 ,p]haps ! *ur* res5t$ ?is1 = 9 lat] days x volunt>ily contribut$ l>gely out ( its rema9+ treasure to ! revolution>y cause4 ,lat] /ill its gold & silv] ornam5ts & alt> pieces 7 confiscat$ by "s faction tempor>ily 9 p[]4 ,inde$ ! *ur* has be5 ! football ( politics1 always entangl$ ) ! ,/ate & ?us f> suff]+ 9 pre/ige & pocket by ! association4 ,illu/ration3 ,,salvation ,,army ,,9 ,,panama ,! ,ca!dral owes its completion to a negro bi%op1 ! son ( a *>coal burn] :o _h det]m9$ t 8 boy %\ld rise to high] /ation4 ,by h>d /udy ! lad secur$ admittance to ! prie/hood & ultimately rose to be ,bi%op ( ,panama1 ! fir/ native to fill t po/4 ,out ( 8 own sal>y he paid mu* ( ! co/ ( build+ ! great *ur*1 ! corn]-/one ( :i* _h be5 laid :5 ! city 0 f\nd$1 & by 8 zeal 9 solicit+ funds secur$ its completion4 ,a sy/ematic t\r ( ! *ur*es ( ,panama is well wor? ! visitor's "t4 ,m t is curi\s w be f\nd ?an !re is ( ! beautiful1 & to ! =m] class ,i am incl9$ to consign a mu* begrim$ pa9t+ 9 ! ,ca!dral :i* tradition decl>es to be a ,murillo4 ,p]haps m int]e/+ ?an ! ,ca!dral is ! ,*ur* ( ,san ,francisco1 9 ! ,plaza ,boliv>4 ,! pres5t /ructure dates back only to #aghe1 two =m] edifices on ! same site hav+ be5 burn$4 ,! ru9s ( ! beautiful cloi/] ( ! ,franciscan conv5t adjo9 x1 b are conceal$ f view by an unsightly bo>d f5ce :i* ! t\ri/1 n hav+ a guide1 w n ?9k ( pass+ ?r\gh4 ,! ru9s1 h[ev]1 are well wor? see+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,co/ume ,,de ,,rigueur ,,= ,,febru>y ,clubs %>e ) *ur*es 9 ! social life ( ,panama4 ,p]haps inde$ !y r out%9e ! latt]4 ,at any rate su* build+s z ! ,union ,club & ! ,univ]sity ,club1 bo? ( :i* abut ^u ! bay w\ld be a cr$it to a city twice ! size4 ,! =m] club1 z its "n implies1 0 int5d$ to be a meet+ place :]e lib]als & cons]vatives c\ld lay aside political diff]5ces 9 social unity4 ,h[ev]1 politics 9 ,panama1 z 9 all places :]e !re are n real vital issues divid+ ! p>ties1 bre$s bitt] p]sonal feel+ & ! ,union ,club is said to be f> f be+ ! home ( political unity4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 an excell5t build+1 ) a spaci\s ball-room1 a swimm+ tank & a magnific5t view ( ,panama ,bay ) its picturesque isl&s4 ,! ,univ]sity ,club is m an ,am]ican club ?an a ,panamanian1 & x no long] obs]ves ! re/riction z to memb]%ip :i* its "n w\ld imply4 ,x too has a spaci\s ball-room & is a social c5t] = ! ,zone dwell]s :o =m ! major "p ( its memb]%ip4 ,! ,ca!dral ,plaza is socially ! c5t] ( t[n1 ?\gh geographically ! old ,fr5* ,plaza ( ,santa ,ana is m ne> ! c5t]4 ,directly opposite ! ,ca!dral is ! ,hotel ,c5trale1 built aft] ! ,spani% fa%ion1 ) f\r /ories ar\nd a c5tral c\rt4 ,9 ! bli!r days ( ! ,fr5* rgime ?is c\rt 0 ! sc5e ( a revelry to :i* ! daily dea? roll =m$ a grim contra/4 ,h[ev] ! occasional gaiety ( ! ,c5trale ,patio did n end ) ! ,fr5*4 ,ev5 9 ! prosaic ,yankee days ( ! la/ c>nival ! int]v5tion ( ! police 0 necess>y to prev5t a g5tleman f be+ :olly d5ud$1 & display$ to ! revel]s 9 nature's g>b z a specim5 ( ! sup]ior products ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,bu/ ,,( ,,lieut4 ,,napoleon ,b4 ,,wyse ,?is bu/ /&s on ! sea wall4 ,! picture %[s x gu>d$ by a ,unit$ ,/ates soldi] & a ,panama policeman ,on a ne>by corn] ( ! ,plaza is ! old ,fr5* adm9i/ration build+1 aft]w>d occupi$ by ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission4 ,9 #aije x 0 a c5tral po9t ( infection = ! yell[-fev] epidemic1 & ?\gh repeat$ly fumigat$ 0 f9ally ab&on$ by ! ,am]ican eng9e]s :o mov$ _! headqu>t]s out to ,culebra4 ,life 9 ,panama ,city is ma9ly outdoor life1 9 ! dry season at any rate1 & ev5 9 ! wet season ! ,panamanians move ab\t 9 ! op5 l a lot ( damp & discont5t$ flies4 ,! almo/ cont9u\s l9e ( balconies %ields ! sidewalks f ! ra91 & nobody 9 ,panama is too busy to /op a half h\r or s at /reet cross+s = ! d[np\r to less54 ,sunday nights ! b& ( ! ,republic plays 9 ! ,plaza1 & !re all ! p ( ! t[n congregate to li/5 to ! music1 prom5ade & *at4 ,x is ! sc5e ( t curi\s ,lat9-,am]ican c\rt%ip :i* consi/s ( foll[+ ! ador$ "o ) appeal+ eyes1 b nev] by any possibility speak+ to h]4 ,! procession ( girls & wom5 is wor? wat*+1 :e!r ! eyes be ador+ or n1 & ! co/umes h a sort ( /rang5ess befitt+ ! sc5e4 ,! practice has gr[n up ( leav+ ! out] walk = ! negro & negroid p1 ! inn] pa?s be+ kept = ! :ites--b z ! walks m]ge into ea* o!r s too d ! colors4 ,if "o we>ies ( ! mov+ cr[ds )\t1 a /ep w br+ him into ! patio ( ! ,hotel ,c5trale :]e an excell5t or*e/ra plays1 & a ga!r+ *iefly native sips tropical dr9ks & disposes ( ! political issues ( ! day ) mu* oratory & ge/iculation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,on ,,panama',s ,,ba?+ ,,bea* ,z y make y\r way back to ! hotel at night--if x is aft] elev51 ! driv] w lawfully *>ge y tw5ty c5ts--y w va9ly try to recall any ,nor? ,am]ican t[n ( #dj1jjj p :i* c pres5t s _m objects ( int]e/s to ! visitor1 & a spectacle ( social life s v>i$1 s cosmopolitan & s pleas+4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,qu>ant9e ,,/ation ,,at ,,pacific ,,entrance ,,to ,,canal ,! night life ( ! /reets is z a rule placid1 h[ev]1 r ?an boi/]\s1 nor is ,panama an 8all night t[n04 ,! rule ( ! tropics is 8e>ly to rise0 9 any ev5t & z a result ^? p>ts ( ! city :i* ! visitor sees usually quiet d[n by midnight & pres5tly !reaft] ! regions ab\t ! ,ca!dral ,plaza are z quiet & somnol5t z ,wall ,/reet aft] d>k4 ,b 9 a m seque/]$ section ( ! t[n1 :]e ! public hospital looks d[n significantly on ! spectacle f "o side1 & ! cemet]ies %[ s9i/] on ! o!r1 revelry goes on apace until ! cool dawn arises4 ,!re ! clatt] ( pianolas :i* h felt ! climate sorely m+les ) ! cl9k ( glasses 9 cant9as t nev] close1 & ! laught] ( lips to :i*1 9 public at lea/1 laught] is a pr(essional necessity4 ,"u ! r$ lights at midnight ,panama %[s its wor/4 ,m5 ( v>i$ voyages1 famili> ) ! slums ( ,s+apore & ! purlieus ( ,p>is decl>e t ?is little city ( a hybrid civilization outdoes !m 9 all t makes up ! fev]$ life ( ! und]world4 ,sc>cely a m9ute's walk away is ! ,am]ican t[n1 quiet & re/ful "u ! tropic moon1 its w9d+ /reets well gu>d$ by ! ,zone police1 its h\ses wrapp$ 9 v9es & fragrant ) fl[]s all d>k 9 ! h\rs ( repose4 ,b 9 ! conge/$ tangle ( concrete h\ses betwe5 ! hospitals & ! cemet]y madness & mir? reign1 bra9s reel ) ! fumes ( ! /range dr9ks ( ! tropics1 & life is wor? a pass+ pleasure--no?+ m4 ,m5 ( _m l&s h curs$ ! ,*agres fev] & ! jungle's ills1 b ! pe/ place ( ,panama has be5 subject$ to no purg+ process ) all ! ef=ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to bani% evil f ! ,i/hmus4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,sanitation ,,( ,,! ,,zone ,! seal ( ! ,canal ,zone %[s a galleon "u full sail pass+ betwe5 ! t[]+ banks ( ! ,culebra ,cut1 ) ! motto1 8,! l& divid$2 ! _w unit$04 ,sometimes z ,i trudg$ ab\t ! /reets ( ,colon or ,panama1 or ov] ! hills & ?r\gh ! jungle 9 ! ,zone1 ,i h ?\ght a m significant coat-(-arms might be made up ( a g>bage c rampant & a gigantic mosquito mordant = v]ily by ! collection & c>eful cov]+ ( fil? & ! slaught] ( ! pe/il5tial mosquito all ! "w done on ! ,zone has be5 made possible4 ,z = ! motto h[ w\ld ?is d--8,a clean c\ntry & a salubri\s /rait08 ,x is ! univ]sal op9ion ( ^? famili> ) ! ,canal "w t if we _h approa*$ ! task ) ! lack ( sanit>y k f :i* ! ,fr5* suff]$ we %\ld h fail$ z !y did4 ,no evil kn[n to man inspires su* dread z yell[ fev]4 ,leprosy1 9 ! individual1 does inde$1 al?\gh well-in=m$ p "k t x is n readily communicat$ & nev] becomes epidemic4 ,*ol]a did /rike ! he>t ( man ) cold dread1 b m ?an "o g5]ation has pass$ s9ce *ol]a 0 an evil to be reckon$ ) 9 civiliz$ c\ntries4 ,yell[ fev] is n[ to be class$ ) x z an epidemic disease1 ! spread ( :i* c be absolutely & un]r+ly controll$4 ,! demon/rat$ fact t yell[ fev] is transmitt$ only by ! bite ( a /egomyia mosquito :i* has already bitt51 & be5 infect$ by1 a human be+ sick ( ! fev] has become "o ( ! commonplaces ( sanit>y sci5ce4 ,yet t k dates back comp>atively few ye>s1 & 0 n available to mank9d at ! "t ! ,fr5* began _! /ruggle ) tropical nature4 ,ov] ! honor ( fir/ discov]+ ! fact ( ! malignant "p play$ by ! mosquito !re has be5 "s conflict1 b cr$it is g5]ally giv5 to ,dr4 ,donald ,ross1 a ,scot*man 9 ! ,indian ,civil ,s]vice4 ,8 inve/igations h[ev] 7 greatly ext5d$ & practical effect 0 giv5 !m by surgeons 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army engag$ 9 ! "w ( elim9at+ pe/il5ce f ,havana4 ,to ,majors ,walt] ,re$1 ,jesse ,w4 ,laze> & ,james ,c>roll ! *ief cr$it is due = te/+1 prov+ & apply+ ! !ory 9 ,havana4 ,laze> bravely gave up 8 life to ! exp]im5t1 b>+ 8 arm to ! bite ( a mosquito1 & dy+ aft]w>d ( yell[ fev] 9 t]rible agony4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,col4 ,w4 ,c4 ,,gorgas ,! man :o *ang$ ! ,i/hmus f a pe/-hole to a spot z fit = human habitation z any place on ! globe ,illu/ration3 ,,:at ,,col4 ,,gorgas ,,_h ,,to ,,correct ,! fact ( ?is e>li] application ( ! mosquito !ory does n 9 ! slighte/ degree detract f ! great honor due to ,col4 ,w4 ,c4 ,gorgas = 8 "w 9 *ang+ ! ,i/hmus ( ,panama f a pe/-hole into a spot z fit = human habitation z any spot on ! globe4 ,un=tunately1 z ! imp5d+ success ( ! ,canal ent]prise became app>5t1 rivalry = ! prime honor grew up betwe5 ! foll[]s ( ! two *ief figures1 ,col4 ,goe?als & ,col4 ,gorgas4 ,t ei!r ( ^! g5tlem5 %>$ 9 ?is feel+ is n ass]t$1 b _! fri5ds divid$ ! ,i/hmus into two ho/ile camps4 ,rivalry ( ?is sort 0 un=tunate & ne$less4 ,9 ! words ( ,admiral ,s*ley aft] ! battle ( ,santiago3 8,!re 0 glory en\gh = all04 ,b ! result 0 to decry & to depreciate ! "w ( ,col4 ,gorgas 9 mak+ ! ,i/hmus habitable4 ,z a matt] ( fact no hi/orian w = "o mom5t hesitate to /ate t only by t "w 0 x made possible to dig ! ,canal at all4 ,col4 ,goe?als himself 9 8 mom5ts ( deepe/ d\bt z to ! size ( ! appropriations = sanitation purposes w\ld h>dly "q t /atem5t4 ,t "s o!r man ?an ,gorgas might h done ! "w ) ! exp]i5ce ( ! ,fr5* & ! discov]y ( ! malignant quality ( ! mosquito to guide him is und\bt$ly true4 ,t "s o!r man ?an ,goe?als might h dug ! ,canal ) ! exp]i5ce ( two e>li] eng9e]s1 z well z ( ! ,fr5* to s]ve z w>n+s1 is equally true4 ,b ^! two f9i%$ ! "w & to ea* belongs ! glory = 8 "p4 ,illu/ration3 ,,adm9i/ration ,,build+1 ,,h\s+ ,,! ,,sanit>y ,,dep>tm5t ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,dr$g+ ,a ,,colon ,,/reet ,s ne> tide level is ! surface ( ,colon t ! dr$ges made canals 9 ! public /reets ,col4 ,gorgas fir/ visit$ ! ,i/hmus 9 #aijd4 ,9 a little pamphlet :i* ,i h be=e me he !n describ$ simply ! ess5ce ( ! problem he _h to meet4 ,he f\nd camp$ on a hill1 p]fectly dra9$ & suppli$ ) good wat]1 #dej m>9es--:o ( c\rse 7 m5 ( exceptionally good physique1 robu/ & vigor\s4 ,yet 9 f\r mon?s #agj out ( ! #dej 7 infect$ ) mal>ia1 & ,col4 ,gorgas said1 8if ^! m5 7 our labor]s1 work+ daily 9 ,culebra ,cut1 expos$ to ! sun & wea!r1 _m ( ^! cases w\ld be sev]e 9 type & at ! end ( ! ye> we w\ld be approa*+ ! mortality ( ! ,fr5*04 ,! cause = ! infection 0 app>5t4 ,?\gh ! m>9es' camp 0 clean & sanit>y !re 0 at ! foot ( ! hill1 on :i* x 0 p]*$1 a village ( #djj or #ejj ,jamaica negroes4 ,exam9ation ( ! p %[$ t all suff]$ f *ronic mal>ia4 ,! m>9e /roll+ 9 ! village w\ld be bitt5 by a mosquito--! anopheles :i* is p>tial to mal>ia--:i* _h already bitt5 an infect$ negro4 ,! result 0 ! spread ( ! infection among ! m>9es4 ,z ,col4 ,gorgas put x1 8,! condition is v mu* ! same z if ^! f\r or five hundr$ natives _h ! smallpox & our m>9es _h nev] be5 vacc9at$04 ,to correct ?is condition he propos$1 8to take ?is village1 put x "u a sy/ematic s*eme ( inspection1 :]eby we w be able to control all wat] b>rels & deposits ( wat]1 s t no mosquitoes w be all[$ to bre$1 look aft] its /reet clean+ & disposal ( night soil1 etc41 s z to get x 9 good sanit>y condition1 !n h ! population exam9$ & record$1 s t we w h on a c>d a %ort hi/ory ( ea* individual & keep track ( !m 9 ?is way4 ,^? suff]+ f mal>ia w be put "u treatm5t1 & wat*$ z long z ! mal>ial p>asite is f\nd 9 ! blood4 ,i hope1 9 ?is way1 to decrease to ! smalle/ limit ! numb] ( anopheles1 ! mal>ial-be>+ mosquito1 &1 at ! same "t1 to gradually elim9ate ! human be+ z a s\rce ( infection1 s t at ! end ( a ye> x w be entirely safe = an unacclimat$ man to live 9 ?is village04 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,w> ,,on ,,mosquitoes4 ,i4 ,! m5 are oil+ ! surface ( ! /reams to kill ! l>vae ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,w> ,,on ,,mosquitoes4 ,,ii4 ,burn+ ! grass t af=ds cov] ,be+ appo9t$ ,*ief ,sanit>y ,(fic] ,col4 ,gorgas put ?is plan into effect n only 9 t village b 9 e "p ( ! ,canal ,zone1 p>ticul> att5tion be+ giv5 to ! cities ( ,panama & ,colon4 ,9 ^! cities ! visitor w be impress$ ) ! comp>ative cleanl9ess ( ! /reets & sidewalks & ! cov]+ ( all g>bage receptacles4 ,no o!r ,c5tral ,am]ican city %[s s cleanly a front4 ,scre5+1 h[ev]1 is little 9 evid5ce4 ,h[ great ! mortality _h be5 "u ! ,fr5* x is impossible to tell4 ,_! /ati/ics relat$ almo/ :olly to dea?s 9 _! hospitals & v l>gely to :ite pati5ts4 ,m5 :o di$ out on ! l9e1 natives :o work$ a day or two & w5t back to _! villages to die 7 left unrecord$4 ,9 ! hospitals x 0 record$ t betwe5 #ahha & #ahhi1 #efah employees di$4 ,! contractors 7 *>g$ a doll> a day = e man s5t to ! hospitals1 s x may be conjectur$ t n all 7 s5t :o %\ld h be54 ,col4 ,gorgas e/imates ! av]age dea? rate at ab\t #bdj p] #ajjj annually4 ,! ,am]ican g5]al dea? rate began ) a maximum ( #di4id p] #ajjj s9k+ to #ba4ah1 at or ab\t :i* po9t x has rema9$ = sev]al ye>s4 ,among employees alone our dea? rate 0 #g4ej p] #ajjj4 ,! ,fr5* ) an av]age =ce ( #aj1bjj m5 employ$1 lo/ 9 n9e ye>s #bb1ahi m54 ,we ) an av]age =ce ( #cc1jjj lo/ less ?an #djjj 9 ab\t an equal p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,w> ,,on ,,mosquitoes4 ,,iii4 ,spray+ ! brooks ) l>vacide ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,w> ,,on ,,mosquitoes4 ,,iv4 ,cutt+ d[n bru% :i* w lat] be burn$ ?us de/roy+ mosquito cov]t ,:5 ,col4 ,gorgas came to ! ,i/hmus ! two t[ns ,panama & ,colon 7 well fitt$ to be bre$+ places = pe/il5ce4 ,nei!r _h sew]s nor any dra9age sy/em4 ,! /reets ( ,panama 7 pav$ aft] a fa%ion ) cobble/ones & l9$ ) gutt]s ?r\gh :i* ! liquid refuse ( ! t[n trickl$ sl[ly or /ood /ill to fe/] & gr[ putresc5t "u ! gl[+ rays ( ! tropic sun4 ,colon _h no pavem5t :atsoev]4 ,nei!r t[n _h wat]works & ! p ga!r$ & /or$ ra9wat] 9 ci/]ns & pott]y j>s :i* af=d$ f9e bre$+ places = ! mosquito4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! :ole ,i/hmus1 n ! t[ns alone1 furni%es pl5ty ( homes = ! mosquito4 ,) a ra9y season la/+ ?r\gh\t eight mon?s 9 ! ye> mu* ( ! soil is wat]logg$4 ,! /agnant back wat]s ( small /reams2 pools left by ! ra9s2 ! footpr9ts ( c[s & o!r animals fill$ up ) ra9 wat] quickly bre$ ! wriggl]s t ultimately become mosquitoes4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,h4 ,j5n+s1 ! entomologi/ ( ! ,commission1 has id5tifi$ #abe v>ieties ( ! mosquito1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 ! anopheles & ! /egomyia are ! ones peculi>ly obnoxi\s to man4 ,! o!rs are m]ely ! common or summ] resort v>iety ( mosquito ) a fondness = ankles & ! back ( "o's h&1 :i* c be obs]v$ any "t on ,long ,isl& or 9 ,new ,j]sey )\t ! exp5se ( a trip to ,panama4 ,a c>eful /udy ( lit]>y au?orities indicates to me t at ?is po9t 9 ! description ( ! mosquito plague on ! ,i/hmus x is prop] to indulge 9 humor\s reflections ^u ! fact t ! bite ( ! female only is dang]\s4 ,b1 giv5 ! fact1 ! humor\s applications seem s obvi\s t ! read] may be tru/$ to draw !m = himself--x w\ld be idle to say 8h]self01 = ! wom5 w n see any?+ humor\s ab\t x at all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,panama ,,bay ,,f ,,ancon ,,hospital ,!re are few m beautiful spots 9 ! _w ?an ! gr\nds ( ,ancon ,hospital4 ,fr5* ta/e select$ ! site1 a ,fr5* nun set out ! fir/ trees & %rubs1 & nature has complet$ a *>m+ picture4 ,! fight !n aga9/ disease on ! ,i/hmus resolv$ itself l>gely into a w> ( ext]m9ation ^u ! two noxi\s v>ieties ( mosquitoes4 ,x involv$ fir/ a clean+ up1 pav+ & dra9+ ( ! two t[ns4 ,curi\sly en\gh bad smells are n necess>ily unhygi5ic1 b !y betok5 ! exi/5ce ( matt] t bre$s disease g]ms1 & flies & o!r insects di/ribute ^? g]ms :]e !y w d ! mo/ h>m4 ,colon & ,panama !re=e 7 pav$ & provid$ ) sewage sy/ems1 :ile some:at /r+5t ord9ances *eck$ ! pleasant ,panama practice ( empty+ all slops f ! front gall]y into ! /reet4 ,x is fair to ! ,panamanians to note t 9 ! end !y w pay = ! vigor\s clean+ & refurbi%+ ( _! t[ns by ! ,am]icans4 ,our sanit>y =ces did ! "w & did x well1 by virtue ( ! clause 9 ! treaty :i* grants ! ,unit$ ,/ates au?ority to prosecute su* "w 9 ! two cities & collect f ! h\sehold] its co/ by means ( wat] & sewage rates4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,sanit>y ,,"w ,,9 ,a ,,village ,! sc5e is 9 ! outskirts ( ,culebra1 n[ a model ( cleanl9ess ,?is "w 0 complet$ 9 #aijh & ! f9al report ( ! ,division ( ,municipal ,eng9e]+ :i* conduct$ x %[$ t ne>ly #f1jjj1jjj _h be5 exp5d$1 ( :i* ab\t #b1bej1jjj 0 = pavem5ts1 sew]s & wat]works 9 ! two cities1 & ab\t #c1ejj1jjj = "w 9 ! ,canal ,zone4 ,ne>ly a million m 0 subsequ5tly exp5d$ 9 ! t[ns4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d ) ! t[ns 0 to fumigate !m4 ,! ,panamanians did n l ?is4 ,nei!r w\ld we or any o!r p = t matt]1 = ! process ( fumigat+ necess>ily int]rupts ! r\t9e ( life1 invades dome/ic privacy1 inevitably causes "s loss by ! discolor+ ( fabrics1 int]rupts trade 9 ! case ( /ores & is 9 g5]al an inf]nal nuisance4 ,t mu* any p w say aga9/ :olesale fumigation4 ,b to ! ,panamanians x 0 peculi>ly (f5sive because !y 7 immune f yell[ fev] anyway1 & to "s ext5t f mal>ia z well1 s to _! m9ds ! :ole ?+ 0 an imposition by :i* ! ,am]icans alone w\ld pr(it4 ,if ! gr+oes w]5't able to live 9 ,panama )\t smok+ p out ( h\se & home1 !y _h bett] /ay away 0 ! g5]ally express$ public op9ion ( ,panama4 ,"h ! peculi> p]sonality ( ,col4 ,gorgas came into play4 ,_h t g5tleman n be5 a great heal? (fic] he w\ld h made a notable diplomat1 p>ticul>ly 9 ^! new days :5 tact & *>m ( mann] are consid]$ m ess5tial to an ,am]ican diplomat ?an doll>s4 ,he w5t among ! p ( ! two t[ns1 argu$1 jolli$ & cajol$ !m until a "w :i* x 0 ?\ght might h to be accompli%$ at ! po9t ( ! bayonet 0 f9i%$ ) b little friction4 ,! bayonet 0 always 9 ! backgr\nd1 h[ev]1 = ! treaty gives ! ,unit$ ,/ates unqualifi$ au?ority to en=ce its sanit>y ord9ances 9 ! cities ( ,colon & ,panama4 ,we c s5d a regim5t if necess>y to compel a man to keep 8 y>d clean--:i* is p]haps m ?an we c\ld d 9 "s b5ight$ t[ns ( our own ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! tone ( ! man 9 ! /reet t[>d ^! ,am]ican innovations is p>tly surly1 p>tly jocul>4 ,9 ,panama he w %[ y a v consid]able section ( ! t[n :i* is n yet fully rebuilt & insi/ t ! fire :i* />t$ x 0 caus$ by ! 8fool fumigators04 ,!re is "s diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! orig9 ( ?is blaze1 & ! matt] ( damages is1 z ,i write1 9 ! h&s ( arbitrators1 b ! native op9ion is solidly aga9/ ! fumigat+ tor* be>]s4 ,on ! subject ( ! ext]m9ation ( mosquitoes ! native is always humor\s4 ,he w describe to y ,col4 ,gorgas's tra9$ bloodh\nds & ,old ,sleu?s track+ ! crim9al /egomyia to 8 lair2 ! corps ( be>]s ( ma*etes & *lor(orm :o foll[ to put an end to ! malevol5t mosquito's days2 ! sci5ti/ ) ! high-p[]$ microscope :o exam9es ! rema9s &1 if he f9ds ! deceas$ c>ri$ g]ms1 ! wide se>* made = individuals :om he may h bitt5 t !y may be segregat$ & put "u prop] treatm5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mosquito ,,*lor(orm]',s ,,outfit ,us$ 9 track+ ! crim9al /egomyia to 8 lair ,9 reality !re is a c]ta9 humor 9 ?is sci5tific bug hunt+4 ,y are at aft]noon tea ) a ho/ess 9 "o ( ! *>m+ tropical h\ses :i* ! ,commission supplies to its work]s4 ,! eyes ( y\r ho/ess sudd5ly become fix$ 9 a t]rifi$ gaze4 8,goodness graci\s06 %e exclaims1 8look !re06 8,:at8 :]e08 y cry1 b\nd+ f y\r seat 9 excitem5t4 ,p]haps a bla/ has j boom$ on ! circumambi5t air & y h visions ( a fifty-p\nd rock ab\t to fly ?r\gh ! draw+-room w9d[4 ,life on ! ,zone ab\nds 9 su* incid5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,dr4 ,or5/e9 ,,! ,,mosquito ,,*lor(orm] ,,at ,,"w ,once subdu$ by *lor(orm ! mosquito is remov$ = analysis 8,!re06 dramatically4 8,t mosquito06 8,i'll swat x01 y cry valor\sly1 rememb]+ ! slogan ( 8,swat ! ,fly0 :i* breaks =? recurr5tly 9 our newspap]s e spr+1 ?\gh !y are q calm & unp]turb$ ab\t ! places :i* bre$ flies fa/] ?an !y c be swatt$4 8,goodness1 no4 ,i mu/ telephone ! dep>tm5t04 ,spee*less ) amazem5t y wond] if ! police or fire dep>tm5t is to be call$ out to cope ) ?is mosquito4 ,9 due "t !re appe>s an (ficial equipp$ ) an electric fla%-light1 a phial & a small bottle ( *lor(orm4 ,! malefactor--no1 ! suspect1 = ! anopheles malefactor does no evil despite 8 s9i/] "n--is m]cifully *lor(orm$ & deposit$ 9 ! phial = a lat] po/ mortem4 ,) 8 fla%-light ! inspector exam9es all ! d>k places ( ! h\se to seek = possible accomplices1 & hav+ le>n$ t nobody has be5 bitt5 takes himself (f4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ancon ,,hospital ,,z ,,receiv$ ,,f ,,! ,,fr5* ,x does seem a ridicul\s am\nt ( fuss ab\t a mosquito1 doesn't x8 ,b s9ce t sort ( ?+ has be5 done on ! ,zone dea? c>ts no long] make _! dismal r\nds = ! night's quota ( ! dead1 & ! ravages ( mal>ia are no long] s g5]al or s deadly z !y 74 ,n[adays !re are no cases ( yell[ fev] develop+ on ! ,zone1 b 9 ! e>li] days :5 "o did occur ! sanit>y (ficials set out to f9d ! cause ( infection4 ,:5 ! ,fr5* seek to detect a crim9al !y foll[ ! maxim 8,*]*ez la femme0 7,look = ! woman74 ,:5 pursu+ ! yell[-fev] g]m to its s\rce ! ,panama inspectors look = ! /egomyia mosquito t bit ! victim--:i* is a little rem9isc5t ( hunt+ = a ne$le 9 a hay/ack4 ,a drunk5 man pick$ up on ! /reet 9 ,panama 0 tak5 to ! hospital & !re di$ ( yell[ fev]4 ,he 0 a /rang] b 8 hotel 0 look$ up & prov$ to be a native h\se occupi$ only by immunes1 s t he c\ld n h be5 infect$ !re4 ,nobody seem$ to c>e p>ticul>ly ab\t ! deceas$1 :o 0 buri$ z spe$ily z possible1 b ! ,sanit>y ,dep>tm5t did c>e ab\t ! s\rce ( 8 malady4 ,look+ up 8 haunts x 0 discov]$ t he 0 mu* se5 9 company ) an ,italian4 ,!reupon all ! ,italians 9 t[n 7 int]rogat$2 "o decl>$ he _h se5 ! dead man 9 company ) ! man :o t5d$ b> at ! !at]4 ,?is wor?y citiz5 0 s\ght out & 0 discov]$ hid+ away 9 a seclud$ lodg+ sick ) yell[ fev]4 ,:]eupon ! !at] 0 promptly fumigat$ z ! c5t] ( infection4 ,cle>+ up & keep+ clean ! two c5t]s ( population 01 h[ev]1 ! lea/ ( ! "w ( sanitation4 ,! :ole ,i/hmus 0 a bre$+ place = ! mosquitoes4 ,obvi\sly e foot ( x c\ld n be dra9$ cle> ( pools & rivulets1 b ! prev5tive campaign ( ! sanitation m5 cov]$ scores ( squ>e miles adjac5t to villages & ! ,canal b$1 & 0 m>vel\sly effective 9 r$uc+ ! numb] ( mosquitoes4 ,away f ! t[ns ! campaign 0 *iefly aga9/ ! mal>ial mosquito--! anophel94 ,! yell[ fev] mosquito1 ! /egomyia1 is a t[n-br$ insect com+ f ci/]ns1 wat] pit*]s1 t9 cans1 f\nta9s 9 ! p>ks1 wat]-fill$ pans us$ to keep ants f ! legs ( furniture & ! l4 ,x is ev5 said to bre$ 9 ! holy-wat] fonts ( ! multitud9\s *ur*es ( ,panama1 & ! sanit>y (ficials secur$ ! co-op]ation ( ! *ur* au?orities 9 hav+ ^? receptacles kept fre%4 ,! mal>ial mosquito h[ev] bre$s 9 /reams1 m>%es & pools & w travel sometimes a mile & a half f 8 bir?-place look+ = tr\ble4 ,z y ride 9 a tra9 across ! ,i/hmus y w (t5 see f> f any human habitation a black5$ b>rel on a bo>d cross+ "s little brook a few in*es wide4 ,if y h "t to look c>efully y w see t ! edges ( ! gully ?r\gh :i* ! brook runs h be5 swept cle> ( grass by scy! or fire or bo?1 & t ! banks ( ! rivulet are black5$ z ?\gh by a t>-bru% :ile ! wat] itself is cov]$ by a black & greasy film4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,canal ,,commission ,,hospital ,,at ,,colon ,,built ,,by ,,! ,,fr5* ,?is is "o ( ! outpo/s ( ! army ( heal?4 ,( !m !re are sev]al hundr$1 p]haps ?\s&s1 scatt]$ ?r\gh ! ,zone4 ,! b>rel is fill$ ) a c]ta9 fluid comb9ation ( oil & div]s *emicals call$ l>vacide4 ,day & night ) monoton\s regul>ity x falls drop by drop into ! rivulet1 spreads ov] its surface & is deposit$ on ! pebbles on ! banks4 ,! mosquito l>v bel[ mu/ come to ! surface to brea!4 ,!re !y meet ) ! noxi\s fluid & at ! fir/ brea? are sla94 ,automatically ?is "o b>rel makes t /ream a *>nel h\se = mosquito l>v4 ,b up & d[n ?r\gh\t ! l& g m5 ) cans ( ! oil on _! backs & spr9kl]s 9 _! h&s seek+ = pools & /agnant puddles :i* !y spray ) ! l>vacide4 ,s betwe5 ! w> on ! l>va at its bre$+ po9t & ! sy/em ( scre5+ (f all resid5ces1 (fices & eat+ places ! mal>ial infection has be5 greatly r$uc$4 ,x has n be5 eradicat$ by any mann] ( means4 ,! ,panama cocktail 7qu99e7 is /ill s]v$ ) meals4 ,9 "o ye> #bcjg4ff p\nds ( ! drug 7 s]v$ out4 ,b if n :olly oblit]at$ ! ailm5t has be5 greatly *eck$4 ,dr4 ,a4 ,j4 ,or5/e91 ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,sanitation1 says 9 summ+ up ! results ( ! policy3 ,illu/ration3 ,,fr5* ,,village ,,( ,,empire ,,aft] ,,clean+ ,,up ,,by ,,am]icans ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bay ,,( ,,taboga ,,f ,,! ,,sanit>ium 8,! campaign aga9/ mal>ia 0 inaugurat$ on ! foll[+ plan3 7#a7 ,treatm5t ) adequate doses ( qu99e 7ab\t #cj gra9s a day = adults7 ( all cases ( mal>ia4 ,fir/1 because ?is treatm5t is curative2 &1 second1 because unless s treat$1 ea* case ( mal>ia con/itutes a focus f :i* mal>ia spreads4 ,9 mal>ial regions !re are _m p]sons :o h :at is (t5 spok5 ( z *ronic mal>ia4 ,su* individuals frequ5tly d n suff] any s]i\s inconv5i5ce4 ,!y m (t5 suff] f occasional heada*es1 anemia or slight fev]4 ,^! are ! p mo/ dang]\s f ! /&po9t ( ! sanit>ian4 ,x is 9 ! blood ( ^! individuals t ! mal>ia-caus+ p>asite has atta9$ ! =m 9 :i*1 if tak5 by a female anophel9e1 x develops )9 ?is mosquito into ! =m capable ( caus+ mal>ia 9 ! individual :om ! anophel9e may bite a week or s !reaft]4 7#b7 ,protect+ dwell+ ) copp] wire gauze aga9/ ! +ress ( mosquitoes4 ,all h\ses occupi$ by ,am]icans & mo/ ( ! o!rs are scre5$4 7#c7 ,cat*+ & kill+ mosquitoes )9 ! dwell+s4 ,?is is done by negro 8mosquito cat*]s01 & is ( great value 9 prev5t+ mal>ia :]e o!r prophylactic measures _c be inaugurat$4 7#d7 ,de/roy+ ! bre$+ places ( anophel9 by fill+1 dra9+1 & tra9+ ! banks ( /reams4 7#e7 ,de/roy+ ! anophel9 9 ! l>val & pupal /ages by oil+ ! wat] 9 :i* !y are f\nd1 or apply+ a special l>va poison to ?is wat]4 7#f7 ,cle>+ ! rank vegetation 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( dwell+s & settlem5ts1 s z to de/roy ! %elt] = su* mosquitoes z may f9d _! way to ! vic9ity ( ! h\ses2 to ha/5 evaporation & ! dry+ ( small wat] collections & m>%y places2 to expose to view small bre$+ places & to remove ! temptation to ?r[ wat] conta9]s into ! vegetation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,little ,,pango ,,boats ,,come ,,to ,,meet ,,y 8,^! measures1 consci5ti\sly & pa9/ak+ly c>ri$ out1 result$ 9 r$uc+ ! numb] ( mal>ia cases treat$ 9 ! hospitals f #f4hc p] c5t ( ! work+ =ce p] mon? 9 #aijf to #a4ec p] c5t ( ! work+ =ce p] mon? 9 #aiaa1 & ! dea? f mal>ia among employees f #bcc 9 #aijf to #dg 9 #aiaa04 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,*ur* ,,at ,,taboga ,! squ>e box on ! corn] ( ! wall conta9s ! mummi$ head ( a favorite prie/ ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,rio ,,gr&e ,,res]voir 8,! mal>ia sick rate = #aijf1 if cont9u$ to #aiaa1 w\ld give1 on ! basis ( ! numb] ( employees 9 #aiaa1 ab\t #dj1jjj cases ( mal>ia sick 9 ! hospitals = ! ye>1 or a loss 9 labor ( ab\t #bjj1jjj days ( "w4 ,! total numb] ( employees sick 9 hospitals ) mal>ia 9 #aiaa 0 #hidf--or a loss ( #dd1gcj days ( "w4 ,a ga9 ( ab\t #aee1jjj days 01 !re=e1 made4 ,plac+ ! loss to ! ,gov]nm5t = ea* day's labor1 plus treatm5t1 at ! r l[ figure ( #c p] man1 ! ga9 9 ?is "o item ( sav+ m ?an (fset ! co/ ( sanitation prop]4 ,^! figures d n include mal>ial cases treat$ 9 ! disp5s>ies & 9 homes4 ,among ?is class ( pati5ts ! ga9 has und\bt$ly be5 proportionate to ! ga9 9 hospital cases1 & 9 addition x mu/ n be =gott5 t mal>ia is a disease t und]m9es a man's heal? insidi\sly & l[]s 8 work+ effici5cy to an ext5t n approa*$ by any disease ) ! possible exception ( hook-worm4 ,! less mal>ia ! few] ineffici5t work]s 9 an organization04 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,picturesque ,,taboga ,( c\rse ! scre5+ sy/em 0 vital to any successful ef=t to control & *eck ! transmission ( fev] g]ms by insects4 ,b ! e>ly /ruggles ( ,col4 ,gorgas to get en\gh wire nett+ to prop]ly protect ! labor qu>t]s 7 pa!tic4 8,:y doesn't he scre5 9 ! :ole ,i/hmus & let x g at t08 inquir$ "o ,congressman :o ?\ght x 0 all int5d$ to put a few m frills on h\ses = already highly paid work]s4 ,! scre5+ has inde$ co/ a pretty p5ny = only ! be/ copp] wire w /& ! te/ ( ! climate4 ,at fir/ !re 0 reluctance on ! "p ( disburs+ (fic]s to meet ! heavy requirem5ts ( ,col4 ,gorgas4 ,b ! yell[-fev] epidemic ( #aije /opp$ all t4 ,!reaft] ! scre5+ 0 reg>d$ z mu* ( an integral "p ( a h\se z its %+l+4 ,! ef=ts t 7 put =? to make ! ,canal ,zone a liveable spot h n be5 relax$ 9 keep+ x s4 ,a glance at ! report ( ! ,*ief ,sanit>y ,(fic] = any ye> %[s some?+ ( 8 cont9u$ activity4 ,y f9d records ( h\ses fumigat$ = b]ib]i1 diph!ria1 mal>ia1 leprosy1 & a doz5 o!r evils4 ,! numb] ( rats kill$ is gravely enum]at$--dur+ ! ye> #aiaa = example !re 7 ne>ly #ac1jjj4 ,x may be not$ 9 pass+ t ! rats di/ribute fleas & fleas c>ry ! g]ms ( ! bubonic plague1 h5ce ! slaught]4 ,incid5tally gue/s ( ! native hotels 9 ,panama ,city say t ! de/ruction 0 f> f complete4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,gr\nds ,,( ,,ancon ,,hospital ,two l>ge hospitals are ma9ta9$ by ! ,canal ,commission at ,colon & at ,ancon1 toge!r ) small] ones = em]g5cy cases at ,culebra & o!r po9ts along ! l9e4 ,! two pr9cipal hospitals w be kept op5 aft] ! completion ( ! ,canal1 b n ( c\rse to _! full capacity4 ,ancon alone has accommodations = m ?an #aejj pati5ts1 & :5 ! army ( labor has left ! ,zone !re c be no possible dem& = s great an infirm>y4 ,bo? ( ^! hospitals 7 inh]it$ f ! ,fr5*1 & ! "o at ,colon has be5 left mu* 9 ! condition !y deliv]$ x 91 save = ne$$ repairs & alt]ations4 ,its capacity has n be5 mat]ially increas$4 ,! ,ancon ,hospital h[ev] has become "o ( ! great in/itutions ( its k9d 9 ! _w4 ,! ,fr5* gave u a few build+s ) ov] #cjj pati5ts %elt]$ 9 t5ts4 ,! ,am]icans develop$ ?is place until n[ m ?an fifty build+s are rang$ along ! side ( ,ancon ,hill4 ,:5 ! ,fr5* fir/ e/abli%$ ! hospital !y in/all$ z nurses a numb] ( si/]s ( ,/4 ,v9c5t ) ,si/] ,r\leau z ,si/] ,sup]ior4 ,! g5tle si/]s soon di$4 ,! yell[ fev] c>ri$ !m (f ) he>t-r5d+ rapidity4 ,si/] ,m>ie h[ev] left a monum5t :i* w keep h] fair fame alive = _m ye>s yet to come4 ,%e 0 a great lov] ( plants1 & ! luxuriance ( ! tropical foliage 0 to h] a nev]-end+ *>m4 ,to h] e>ly ef=ts is due ! beauty ( ! gr\nds ( ! ,ancon ,hospital1 :]e "o looks betwe5 ! /ately trunks ( ! frond$ royal palms pa/ a hillside blaz+ ) hibiscus1 & cool$ ) ! ru/l+ ( leaves ( fea!r palms & planta9s to :]e ! blue ,pacific lies smoo? b5ea? ! gl[+ tropic sun4 ,beside ! beauty ( its surr\nd+s ! hospital is em95tly practical 9 its plan4 ,! _m sep>ate build+s p]mit ! segregation ( cases1 & ! mo/ complete & sci5tific v5tilation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sanit>ium ,,at ,,taboga ,,inh]it$ ,,f ,,! ,,fr5* ,mak+ ! hospital attractive 0 "o ( ! po9ts insi/$ ^u by ,col4 ,gorgas4 ,"s ( ! doctors ?9k t possibly x has be5 a wee bit ov]done4 ,"s ( ! folks along ! ,zone look on a brief space sp5t 9 ! hospital z a pleasant int]lude 9 an o!rwise monoton\s life4 ,z !y h ?irty days' sick leave ) pay e ye> !y are q prone to turn to ! pleasant slopes ( ,ancon ,hill1 ) a week at ! *>m+ sanit>ium on ,taboga ,isl& z a fitt+ close--a sort ( caf p>fait to top (f ! fea/4 ,surg]y ev5 seems to h lo/ its t]rors !re4 8,:y1 !y ev5 br+ _! fri5ds to be op]at$ on01 said "o ( ! surgeons laugh+ly :5 talk+ ( ! popul>ity ( ! hospital among ! ,zone dwell]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,fete ,,day ,,at ,,taboga ,illu/ration3 ,,fea!r ,,palm ,,at ,,ancon ,*>ity cases h numb]$ z _m z #ff1jjj a ye> & ! records %[ t dur+ ! p]iod ( greate/ activity on ! ,zone z _m z #gj diff]5t nationalities 7 m9i/]$ to4 ,! "q ( color 0 (t5 an emb>rass+ "o4 ,! gradations ( %ades betwe5 pure :ite to d>ke/ ,african is s exce$+ly delicate 9 ,panama t !re is always difficulty 9 det]m9+ :e!r ! subject "u consid]ation belongs to ! 8gold0 or ! 8silv]0 class1 = ! words black & :ite are tactfully avoid$ 9 ! ,zone 9 _! ref]5ce to complexions4 8,?is is my plan01 said ,col4 ,mason 9 *>ge ( ! hospital4 8,on c]ta9 days ! pati5ts are all[$ visitors4 ,:5 ! color ( ! inmate is problematical1 z is usually ! case ) wom51 ,i ask if %e wants h] husb& to visit h]4 ,if %e does & he proves to be a negro1 %e goes into ! color$ w>d4 ,if %e /ill insi/s t %e is :ite1 %e c g into ! :ite w>d1 b mu/ disp5se ) 8 visits04 ,"u our treaty ! ,zone sanit>y dep>tm5t takes *>ge ( ! insane ( ,colon & ,panama1 & a v consid]able %>e ( ! gr\nds at ,ancon is divid$ (f ) b>b$ wire = _! use4 ,! numb] ( pati5ts runs well into ! hundr$s1 ) v few ,am]icans4 ,mo/ are ,jamaica negroes & ! hospital au?orities say t !y are m5tally unbalanc$ by ! ru% & excitem5t ( life on ! ,zone4 ,i nev] happ5$ to see a ,jamaica negro excit$ unless x happ5$ to be a ,tivoli ,hotel wait] confront$ ) ! awful responsibility ( an extra gue/ at table4 ,!n ! excitem5t took ! =m ( deep melan*oly1 exagg]at$ le?>gy1 & signs ( suicidal mania 9 e facial expression4 ,beside ! hospital s]vice ! sanit>y dep>tm5t ma9ta9s disp5s>ies at sev]al po9ts on ! l9e1 :]e necess>y drugs are provid$ = pati5ts 9 ! ,commission ,s]vice free4 ,pat5t m$ic9es are fr[n$ ^u1 & su* z are purvey$ mu/ be b\ght ?r\gh ! ,commiss>y4 ,m$ical s]vice is free to employees & _! families4 ,all doctors practic+ on ! ,zone are on ! gold payroll = wages rang+ f #ahjj to #gjjj a ye>4 ,i c\ld n f9d ^u inquiry t ! fact t !y 7 n dep5d5t ^u ! pati5t = paym5t made ! doctors less al]t or sympa!tic4 ,at lea/ no compla9ts to t effect 7 curr5t4 ,to my m9d ! mo/ notable effect ^u ! life ( ! ,zone ( ?is sy/em ( free m$ical att5dance 0 t x add$ "o m to ! _m inducem5ts to matrimony4 ,infantile colic & measles are %orn ( mu* ( _! t]ror to ! "y p>5t :5 no doctor's bill att5ds !m4 ,incid5tally1 too1 ! b5evol5t adm9i/ration looks aft] ! tee? ( ! employees z a "p ( its c>e ( _! g5]al heal?4 ,"o effect ( ?is is to impress ! visitor ) ! rem>kable numb] ( incisors gleam+ ) fre% gold visible :]e ,zone folk are ga!r$ toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,taboga ,,f ,,! ,,ba?+ ,,bea* ,! annual vacations ( ! work]s dur+ ! con/ruction p]iod may prop]ly be consid]$ 9 connection ) sanitation "w on ! ,zone1 = !y 7 n p]mitt$ to be m]e loaf+ "t4 ,! man :o took a vacation 0 n all[$ to /ay on ! ,i/hmus4 ,if he tri$ to /ay !re ,col4 ,goe?als f\nd x out 9 t omnisci5t fa%ion ( 8 & x 0 a case ( hike = a *ange ( air or g back to "w4 ,=1 not)/&+ ! fact t ,col4 ,gorgas pull$ ! tee? ( ! tropics ) 8 sanit>y devices & regulations1 an un9t]rupt$ resid5ce 9 t climate does break d[n ! /am9a & enfeeble ! en]gy ( m5 f m temp]ate climes4 ,e employee 0 giv5 #db days' vacation ) full pay1 b he _h to quit ! ,zone = "s c\ntry :i* w\ld af=d a b5eficial climatic *ange4 ,( c\rse mo/ w5t back to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 be+ enc\rag$ !reto by a special rate on ! /eam%ip ( #cj--! regul> rate be+ #ge4 ,b beside ?is vacation ea* employee 0 entitl$ to #cj days' sick leave4 ,x 0 n an exce$+ly difficult task to conjure up en\gh symptoms to p]suade a fri5dly physician to issue a sick ord]4 ,! favorite me?od ( enjoy+ ?is respite f "w 0 to sp5d z little ( ! "t z possible at ,ancon1 & ! re/ at ! sanit>ium on ! ,isl& ( ,taboga4 ,illu/ration3 ,,taboga ,,is ,,fur!rmore ,,! ,,coney ,,isl& ,,( ,,panama ,t g>d5 spot 9 ! ,bay ( ,panama :]e ! ,fr5* left ! sanit>ium build+ we n[ use is wor? a brief description4 ,y g ?i!r 9 a small /eamboat f ,balboa or ,panama & aft] ab\t ?ree h\rs' /eam+ a flock ( little :ite boats1 ea* ) a s+le o>sman1 puts out f ! %ore to meet y l a flock ( gulls z y drop an*or 9 a bay ( truly ,m$it]ranean hue4 ,to ! travel$ visitor ! sc5e is irresi/ibly rem9isc5t ( "s little port ( ,s\!rn ,italy1 & ! rem9d] is all ! m vivid :5 "o gets a%ore & f9ds ! n>r[ ways betwixt ! elb[+ h\ses q ,neapolitan = dirt & ill odor4 ,b f ! sea "o looks ^u a t[]+ hill1 b>e t[>d its summit1 closely cov]$ l[] d[n by mango1 wild fig1 & ceiba trees1 bord]$ j above ! r$ ro(s ( ! little t[n by a fr+e ( ! graceful cocoanut palms4 ,!n come ! h\ses1 r[ bel[ r[1 until !y desc5d to ! curv+ bea* :]e ! fi%+ boats are drawn up out ( rea* ( ! tide :i* rises "s #bj feet4 ,f ! bay ! village ) its r$-til$ ro(s & yell[-:ite walls looks sub/antial1 a bit l ,villefran*e1 ! port ( ,nice1 b ?is impression is spe$ily dispell$ :5 "o l&s 9 "o ( ! boats1 propell$ by ! o>sman /&+ & fac+ ! b[--a fa%ion seldom se5 save 9 ,italian wat]s4 ,= se5 ne> at h& ! h\ses are discov]$ to be ( ! flimsie/ frame con/ruction1 save = a few clu/]+ ab\t ! little *ur* & %>+ ) x a g5]al decrepitude & d[n-at-!-heels air t makes u ?9k !y h se5 bett] days4 ,z inde$ !y h & worse days too1 = ,taboga once %>$ 9 ! prosp]ity ( ! e>ly ,spani% rule1 & enjoy$ ! honor ( hav+ ent]ta9$ = a few weeks ,sir ,h5ry ,morgan1 t murd]\s pirate1 :o lat] became a b>onet & a colonial gov]nor1 z a f9e f9i% aft] 8 de$s ( piracy & rap9e4 ,taboga mu/ h treat$ ! buccane] well1 = n only did he =be> to sack ! t[n1 b s deep 0 ! devotion paid by him & 8 m5 to c]ta9 tuns ( excell5t w9e !re discov]$ t !y let a ,spani% galleon1 deep-lad5 ) gold & silv]1 slip ?r\gh _! f+]s r ?an int]rupt _! dr9k+ b\t4 ,tradition has x t ! galleon 0 sunk ne>by to save x & its c>go f ! pirates1 & treasure seek]s h be5 hunt+ x ev] s9ce ) ! luck t ord9>ily att5ds aspirants = dead m5's gold4 ,illu/ration3 ,,burd5 ,,be>]s ,,on ,,! ,,savanna ,j n[ ! w9e & wassail ( ,taboga is limit$ to ab\t six grog %ops1 :i* seems an ov]supply = ! h&ful ( fi%]m5 :o inhabit its tumble-d[n hovels4 ,ea* b>1 too1 has its billi>d table & "o is rem9d$ ( ,m>k ,twa9's isl&s 9 ! ,s\? ,sea :]e ! p e>n$ an hone/ liv+ by tak+ 9 ea* o!r's wa%+4 ,"o wond]s if ! sole indu/ry ( ! ,tabogans is play+ billi>ds4 ,!re is inde$ little to support ! t[n save fi%+1 & t1 if "o may judge f specim5s c>ri$ ?r\gh ! lanes1 mu/ be good4 ,"s ( ! boats at an*or or drawn up on ! bea* atte/ to "s prosp]ity among/ !m t g d[n to ! sea 9 %ips4 ,"o t ,i saw rigg$ ) a =e-&-aft sail & a jigg] 0 hewn out ( a s+le log l a riv] cayuca & _h a beam exce$+ f\r feet4 ,be=e _m ( ! h\ses 7 l9es hung ) long /rips ( fi% hang+ out to dry1 = x is a curi\s prop]ty ( ?is atmosph]e t despite its humidity x w cure animal tissues1 bo? fi% & fle%1 quickly & )\t ta9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hotel ,,at ,,b\quette1 ,,*iriqui ,! only po9t 9 ,panama at :i* ,canal employees may sp5d _! vacations ,agriculture 9 ,taboga is limit$ to ! culture ( ! p9eapple1 & ! local v>iety is s highly e/eem$ 9 ! ,panama m>kets t "s measure ( prosp]ity might att5d ^u ! ,tabogans w\ld !y b und]take ! rais+ ( p9es sy/ematically & ext5sively4 ,b n !y4 ,_! t[n 0 f\nd$ 9 #aedi :51 at ! in/ance ( ,las ,casas1 ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 gave fre$om to all ,indian slaves4 ,taboga 0 set ap>t z a resid5ce = a c]ta9 "p ( ^! fre$m54 ,n[ :at did ! fre$om f slav]y mean b fre$om f "w8 ,?is view 0 probably held 9 ! #af? c5tury & c]ta9ly obta9s 9 ,taboga today1 hav+ be5 enhanc$ no d\bt by ! lib]al mixture ( negro blood ) t ( ! native ,indians4 ,if ! p9eapples gr[ )\t too mu* att5tion well & good4 ,!y w be sold & ! grog %ops w "k t real money has come into t[n4 ,b z = s]i\sly ext5d+ ! bus9ess--well1 t is a ?+ to ?9k ( = a long1 long "t & ! ?\ght has n yet rip5$4 ,x is a wond] t ! ,*9ese :o hold ! retail trade ( ! isl& & :o are pa9/ak+ g>d5]s h n tak5 up ?is indu/ry4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,bit ,,( ,,ancon ,,hospital ,,gr\nds ,we may laugh at ! easy-go+ ,tabogan if we w1 b ,i d n ?9k t anyone w come out ( 8 *ur* )\t a c]ta9 respect = 8 real religi\s s5tim5t4 ',tis b a little *ur*1 ( /ucco$ rubble1 fall5 badly into decay1 flank$ by a squ>e t[] hold+ two bells1 & p5etrat$ by s w9d+ & n>r[ a /air t "o asc5d+ x may feel z a corkscrew p5etrat+ a cork4 ,b )9 x %[s signs ( a rev]5t affection by its flock n common 9 ,lat9-,am]ican *ur*es4 ,we may laugh a little at ! alt> decorations :i* are c]ta9ly n co/ly & may be a little tawdry1 b !y %[ evid5ces ( pati5t "w on ! "p ( ! wom51 & contributions by ! m5 f ! sl5d] ga9s p]mitt$ !m by ! h>% l& & ! reluctant sea4 ,ab\t ! walls hang memorial tablets1 n ri*ly sculptur$ inde$1 b %[+ a pi\s desire on ! "p ( bygone g5]ations to h ! virtue ( _! lov$ ones commemorat$ )9 hall[$ walls4 ,/&+ 9 a side aisle 0 an effigy ( ,*ri/1 ( human size1 be>+ ! cross up ! hill ( ,ge?semane4 ,! figure /ood on a sort ( plat=m1 surr\nd$ by six qua9t lant]ns ( panes ( glass set 9 lead$ frames ( a design se5 9 ! /reet lamps ( ! e>li] ,spani% cities4 ,! plat=m 0 on poles = be>]s1 aft] ! fa%ion ( a s$an *air1 & we le>n$ f "o :o1 m =tunate ?an we1 _h be5 !re to see1 t 9 ,holy ,week !re is a sort ( ,passion ,play--rude & elem5t>y x is true1 b br++ to ! surface all ! religi\s emotionalism ( ! simple p4 ,! village is cr[d$ ) ! fai?ful f af>1 :o make light ( any lack ( %elt] 9 t k9dly tropic air4 ,! ,taboga "y m5 dress z ,roman soldi]s1 ! village maid5s take _! p>ts 9 ! simple pageant4 ,! floats1 su* z ! "o we saw1 are borne up & d[n ! village /reets :i* no horse c\ld ev] tread1 & ! *ur* is cr[d$ ) devotional wor%ip]s until ,ea/] comes ) ! joy\s tid+s ( ! ,resurrection4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,*ief ,,indu/ry ,,( ,,! ,,natives ,,is ,,fi%+ ,illu/ration3 ,,nurses' ,,qu>t]s ,,at ,,ancon ,z to ! "p ( ,taboga 9 ! economy ( ! ,canal "w1 we h !re a sanit>ium inh]it$ f ! ,fr5*1 & us$ z a place ( convalesc5ce = almo/ recov]$ pati5ts f ! hospitals ( ! ,zone4 ,aft] brea?+ ! cle>1 s(t air1 glanc+ at ! com=table qu>t]s & enjoy+ to ! fulle/ a lun* co/+ fifty c5ts t w\ld put ,broadway's be/ to ! te/1 & make ! exp5sive ,tivoli d9+-room seem unappetiz+ 9 comp>ison1 we c\ld well und]/& :y e employee ) ?irty days' sick leave to 8 cr$it gets j su* a slight ailm5t z ne$s a re/ at ,taboga = its cure4 ,ne> ,taboga is ! lep] hospital & ! /eam] /ops = a mom5t to s5d a%ore supplies 9 a small boat4 ,always !re are ab\t #ge victims ( ?is dread & incurable disease !re1 mo/ly ,panamanians ) "s ,we/ ,india negroes4 ,a native ( ,nor? ,am]ica ) ! disease is practically unkn[n4 ,! affliction is horrible en\gh 9 itself1 b "s cause op]at+ = ages back has caus$ mank9d to reg>d x ) m fe> ?an ! facts ju/ify4 ,x is n readily communicable to heal?y p]sons1 ev5 p]sonal contact ) a lep] n necess>ily caus+ infection unless !re be "s scrat* or w\nd on ! p]son ( ! heal?y individual into :i* ! virus may ent]4 ,visitors to ! ,i/hmus1 :o f9d int]e/ 9 ! spectacle ( hopeless human suff]+1 frequ5tly visit ! colony )\t m>k$ precautions & ) no report$ case ( infection4 ,to :at ext5t ! sanitation sy/em s pa9/ak+ly built up by ,col4 ,gorgas & 8 associates w be cont9u$ aft] ! seal 8complete0 %all be /amp$ ^u ! ,canal "w1 & ! work]s scatt]$ to all p>ts ( ! l&1 is n n[ det]m9$4 ,panama & ,colon w1 ( c\rse1 be kept up to _! pres5t /&>ds1 b :e!r ! w> aga9/ ! mal>ial mosquito w be pursu$ 9 ! jungle z x is today :5 ! heal? ( #dj1jjj human be+s is dep5d5t ^u x is ano!r "q4 ,! plan ( ! army au?orities is to ab&on ! ,zone to nature--:i* presumably includes ! anopheles4 ,:e!r t plan %all prevail or :e!r ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all ma9ta9 x z an object lesson 9 gov]nm5t1 includ+ sanitation1 is a matt] yet to be det]m9$4 ,9 a he>+ be=e a congressional committee 9 #aiac ,col4 ,gorgas e/imat$ ! co/ = a sy/em ( p]man5t sanitation = ! ,zone1 includ+ ! qu>ant9e1 at #ij1jjj a ye>4 ,z 8 total e/imates = ! ye>s #aiac-ad am\nt$ to #ebd1jjj1 ?is is indicative ( a v decid$ ab&onm5t ( activity 9 sanit>y "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,lep] ,,settlem5t ,,on ,,panama ,,bay ,at all times dur+ 8 campaign aga9/ ! =ces ( fev] & infection ,col4 ,gorgas has _h to meet ! opposition *>ge ( extravagance & ! wa/e ( money4 ,x has be5 flippantly ass]t$ t x co/ him #e to kill a mosquito--( c\rse an utt]ly baseless ass]tion1 b "o :i* is readily met by ! tru? t ! bite ( a s+le infect$ mosquito has m ?an once co/ a life wor? _m ?\s& times five doll>s4 ,to fix precisely ! co/ ( br++ ! ,zone to its pres5t /ate ( heal?fulness is impossible1 because ! activities ( ! sanit>y dep>tm5t compreh5d$ _m functions 9 addition to ! actual "w ( sanitation4 ,col4 ,gorgas figures t ! av]age exp5ses ( sanitation dur+ ! :ole con/ruction p]iod 7 ab\t #cfe1jjj a ye> & he po9ts out t = ! same p]iod ,*icago sp5t #fjj1jjj )\t any qu>ant9e or mosquito "w4 ,! total exp5ditures = sanitation :5 ! ,canal is f9i%$ w h am\nt$ to less ?an "o p] c5t ( ! co/ ( t great public "w & )\t ?is sanitation ! ,canal c\ld nev] h be5 built4 ,t simple /atem5t ( fact seems suffici5tly to cov] ! contribution ( ,col4 ,gorgas to ! "w1 & to measure ! cr$it he des]ves = its completion4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,! ,,republic ,,( ,,panama ,! ,republic ( ,panama has an area ( f #cj1jjj to #ce1jjj squ>e miles1 r\ghly approximat+ t ( ! /ate ( ,indiana4 ,no complete survey ( ! c\ntry has ev] be5 made & !re is p5d+ n[ a b\nd>y dispute ) ,co/a ,rica 9 :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates is arbitrator4 ,! only o!r b\nd>y1 n =m$ by ! sea1 is t at :i* ,panama & ,colombia jo94 ,b ,colombia says !re is no b\nd>y at all1 b t ,panama is "o ( h] prov9ces 9 a /ate ( rebellion4 ,s ! real size & b\nds ( ! ,republic mu/ be set d[n z some:at indet]m9ate4 ,! circum/ances "u :i* ,panama became an indep5d5t nation h be5 set =? 9 an e>li] *apt]4 ,x is safe to say t ) ! heavy inve/m5t made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! ,canal ,zone1 on ! /r5g? ( a treaty ) ! infant republic1 ! sov]eignty ( ,panama w be =ev] ma9ta9$ aga9/ all com]s--except ! ,unit$ ,/ates itself4 ,!re are political philosoph]s :o ?9k t ! ,i/hmus /ate may yet be ! s\!rn b\nd>y ( ! ,great ,republic ( ! ,nor?4 ,= ! pres5t h[ev] ,uncle ,sam is q cont5t ) ! ,canal ,zone & a c]ta9 am\nt ( diplomatic influ5ce ov] ! gov]nm5t ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,gorge ,,( ,,salamanca ,panama is divid$ into sev5 prov9ces1 ,bocas del ,toro1 ,cocle1 ,colon1 ,*iriqui1 ,los ,santos1 ,panama & ,v]agua4 ,its total population by ! c5sus ( #aiaa 0 #chf1gdi1 a trifle m ?an ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia :i* has ab\t "o five-?\s&? ( its area1 & almo/ precisely ! same population z ,montana :i* has less ?an half its size4 ,s x is cle>ly n ov]-populat$4 ,( its population #ea1cbc are set d[n by its own c5sus tak]s z :ite1 #aia1icc z me/izo1 or a cross betwe5 :ite & ,indian1 #dh1ifg z negro2 #bcac ,mongol1 & #ad1abh ,indian4 ,! c5sus tak]s e/imat$ t o!r ,indians1 liv+ 9 b>b>ism remote f civilization & unapproa*able by ! enum]ators1 numb]$ #cf1ach4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,family ,,9 ,,*orr]a ,all ^! figures h to be qualifi$ some:at4 ,! me/izos are !oretically a cross betwe5 :ites & ,indians1 b ! negro blood is v g5]ally pres5t4 ,x is d\btful1 too1 :e!r ^? class$ z :ite are n (t5 ( mix$ blood4 ,a s+ul>ly l>ge proportion ( ! population lives 9 ! t[ns4 ,9 #ab t[ns1 exce$+ #gjjj inhabitants ea*1 are m ?an #aej1jjj p4 ,m ?an "o-?ird ( ! p !re=e are t[n dwell]s1 :i* is to say !y are unproductive citiz5s4 ,mean:ile m ?an five-eigh?s ( ! arable l& 9 ! c\ntry is n "u cultivation4 ,! five *ief t[ns ( ,panama ) _! population 9 #aiaa are3 ,panama #cg1eje ,colon #ag1gdh ,david #ae1jei ,santiago #ac1jha ,bocas del ,toro #i1gei ,( ^! t[ns ,david is ! capital ( ! ,*iriqui prov9ce1 ! portion ( ! republic 9 :i* cattle gr[+ & agriculture h be5 mo/ develop$4 ,bocas del ,toro is a banana port1 dep5d5t ^u t nutriti\s fruit = its v exi/5ce1 & ! c5t] ( ! bus9ess ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company 9 ,panama4 ,at pres5t ! =m] t[n is rea*$ by a #cjj mile wat] trip f ,panama ,city2 ! latt] by boat f ,colon4 ,! gov]nm5t has "u way plans = a railroad f ,panama to ,david :i* give e indication ( be+ consummat$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,/reet ,,9 ,,p55ome ,! soil ( ! ,republic diff]s widely 9 its v>y+ sections1 f ! ri* vegetable loam ( ! l[l&s along ! ,atlantic ,coa/1 ! outcome ( ye>s ( fall+ leaves & twigs f ! trees to ! swamp bel[1 to ! high dry l&s ( ! savannas & ! hillsides ( ! ,*iriqui prov9ce4 ,all are und5iably f]tile1 t is demon/rat$ by ! rapid & rank gr[? ( ! jungle4 ,b op9ions diff] z to ! ext5t to :i* !y are available = useful agriculture4 ,"s hold t ! jungle soil is s ri* t ! plants run to wood & leaves to ! exclusion ( fruits4 ,o!rs decl>e t on ! hillsides ! heavy ra9s ( ! ra9y seasons wa% away ! surface soil leav+ only ! h>% & arid sub/ratum4 ,?is !ory seems to be ov]?r[n by ! fact t x is r>e to see a hillside 9 all ,panama n cov]$ ) d5se vegetation4 ,a fact t is well wor? be>+ 9 m9d is t !re has nev] be5 a sy/ematic & sci5tific ef=t to utilize any "p ( ! soil ( ,panama = productive purposes t has n be5 a success4 ,! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company 9 its plantations ab\t ,bocas del ,toro has develop$ a fruitful prov9ce & creat$ a prosp]\s t[n4 ,9 ! prov9ce ( ,cocle a ,g]man company has set out ab\t #ge1jjj cacao trees1 #ej1jjj c(fee bu%es & #be1jjj rubb] trees1 all ( :i* h made good progress4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,hotel ,,at ,,david ,! ob/acles 9 ! pa? ( ! full] developm5t ( ! national res\rces ( ,panama h sprung :olly f ! nature ( its population4 ,! ,indian is1 ( c\rse1 n prim>ily an agriculturi/1 n a develop] ( ! possibilities ( ! l& he inhabits4 ,! ,spani% infusion br\ght to ! native population no qualities ( en]gy1 ( well-direct$ ef=t1 ( ! labori\s det]m9ation to build up a new & ?riv+ commonweal?4 ,spani% ideals run directly c\nt] to ^? involv$ 9 empire build+4 ,su* en]gy1 su* det]m9ation z built up our great nor?we/ & is build+ 9 ,briti% ,columbia ! greate/ agricultural empire 9 ! _w1 despite sev5 mon?s annually ( drift+ sn[ & froz5 gr\nd1 w\ld make ( ! ,panama savannas & valleys ! g>d5 spot ( ! _w4 ,t w nev] be accompli%$ by ! pres5t agr>ian population1 b x is incr$ible t ) population absorb+ & ov]runn+ ! available agricultural l&s ( o!r zones1 ! tropics %\ld long be left dormant 9 control ( a le?>gic & indol5t p4 ,illu/ration3 ,,view ,,( ,,bocas ,,del ,,toro ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,crit*l[ ,,vi/a ,,on ,,! ,,rio ,,gr&e ,b5jam9 ,kidd1 9 8 /imulative book1 8,social ,evolution01 says on ?is subject3 8,) ! fill+ up to ! full limit ( ! rema9+ t]ritories suitable = ,european occupation1 & ! gr[+ pressure ( population !re91 x may be expect$ t ! inexp$i5cy ( all[+ a great ext5t ( t]ritory 9 ! ri*e/ region ( ! globe--t compris$ )9 ! tropics--to rema9 undevelop$1 ) its res\rces runn+ l>gely to wa/e "u ! managem5t ( races ( l[ social effici5cy1 w be br\ght home ) ev]-gr[+ =ce to ! m9ds ( ! ,we/]n 7,nor!rn7 peoples4 ,! day is probably n f> di/ant :51 ) ! advance sci5ce is mak+1 we %all recognize t x is 9 ! tropics & n 9 ! temp]ate zones we h ! greate/ food-produc+ & mat]ial-produc+ regions ( ! e>?2 t ! natural highways ( comm]ce 9 ! _w are ^? :i* run nor? & s\?2 & t we h ! highe/ possible int]e/ 9 ! prop] developm5t & effici5t adm9i/ration ( ! tropical regions1 & 9 an ex*ange ( products !re) on a f> l>g] scale ?an has yet be5 attempt$ or imag9$4444 ,x w probably be made cle>1 & t at no di/ant date1 t ! la/ ?+ our civilization is likely to p]man5tly tol]ate is ! wa/+ ( ! res\rces ( ! ri*e/ regions ( ! e>? ?r\gh lack ( ! elem5t>y qualities ( social effici5cy 9 ! races possess+ !m04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,at ,,! ,,cattle ,,port ,,( ,,aguadulce ,?is is "o ( ! *ief %ipp+ po9ts = ! cattle ran*es ( ,*iriqui4 ,! indu/ry is "o little develop$ ,"s ( ! mod]n psy*ologi/s :o are s exp]t 9 solv+ ! riddles ( human consci\sness t !y h>dly hesitate to approa* ! supreme problem ( life aft] dea? may p]haps det]m9e :e!r ! indol5ce ( ! ,panamanian is racial1 climatic1 or m]ely br$ ( consci\sness t he does n h to "w h>d 9 ord] to get all ! com=ts ( :i* he has k4 ,! life-/ory ( an imag9>y c\ple w s]ve z ! %ort & simple annals ( t5s ( ?\s&s ( ,panama's poor3 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,royal ,,road ,,ne> ,,panama ,miguel liv$ on ! banks ( ! ,*agres ,riv]1 ab\t half way betwe5 ,cruces & ,alhajuela4 ,to him ,cruces 0 a city4 ,7 !re n at lea/ ?irty huts ( bamboo & clay ?at*$ ) palmetto l ! "o 9 :i* he liv$8 ,0 !re n a *ur* ( sawn bo>ds1 ) an alt> to :i* a prie/ came twice a mon? to say mass1 & a s*ool :]e a gr+o taught ! *ildr5 /range ?+s 9 ! hat$ ,engli% tongue8 ,:]e he liv$ !re 0 no o!r hut )9 two or ?ree h\rs pol+ up ! riv]1 b d[n at ,cruces ! h\ses 7 s close toge!r y c\ld almo/ rea* "o :ile sitt+ 9 ! %ade ( ano!r4 ,at home aft] d>k y only he>d ! cry ( ! :ippoorwill1 or occasionally ! wail ( a tig] cat 9 ! jungle1 b at ,cruces !re 0 always ! l\d talk ( ! m5 9 ! cant9a1 & a tom-tom dance at lea/ once a week1 :5 ev]ybody sat up till dawn danc+ to ! beat ( ! drums & dr9k+ ! good rum t made !m all s jolly4 ,b great] ?an ,cruces 0 ! ,yankee t[n ( ,mata*9 d[n on ! banks ( ! riv] :]e ! crazy ,am]icans said !re 0 go+ to be a lake t "s day w\ld cov] all ! c\ntry1 & dr[n out ,cruces & ev5 8 fa!r's h\se4 ,!y 7 pay+ all ! natives along ! riv] = _! l&s t w\ld be sunk51 & ! p 7 tak+ ! pesos gladly & sp5d+ !m gaily4 ,!y did n tr\ble to move away4 ,_m ye>s ago ! ,fr5* too said !re w\ld be a lake1 b x nev] came & ! ,fr5* sudd5ly disappe>$4 ,! ,am]icans w\ld vani% ! same way1 & a good ?+1 too1 = _! ?und]\s noises :]e !y 7 work+ fright5$ away all ! good game1 & y c\ld h>dly f9d an iguana1 or a wild hog 9 a day's hunt+4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,meet+ ,,place ,,( ,,! ,,cayucas ,once a week ,miguel's fa!r w5t d[n to m>ket at ,mata*91 & sometimes ! boy w5t along4 ,! long1 n>r[ cayuca 0 load$ ) oranges1 bananas & yams1 all cov]$ ) big banana leaves1 & ) ,miguel 9 ! b[ & 8 fa!r 9 ! /]n ! voyage comm5c$4 ,go+ d[n /ream 0 easy en\gh1 & ! canoi/s pli$ _! paddles idly1 tru/+ *iefly to ! curr5t to c>ry !m along4 ,b com+ back w\ld be ! real "w1 !n !y w\ld h to b5d to _! poles & pu% savagely to =ce ! boat along4 ,at places !y w\ld h to get ov]bo>d & fairly c>ry ! boat ?r\gh ! swift1 %all[ rapids4 ,b ,miguel welcom$ ! "w = x %[$ him ! wond]s ( ,mata*91 :]e great iron ma*9es ru%$ along l horses1 draw+ long tra9s ( c>s2 :]e m p work$ ) %ovels t5d+ que] ma*9es ?an !re 7 9 t5 t[ns l ,cruces2 :]e folk gave pesos = bananas & gave clo?1 p[d] & %ot1 ?+s to eat 9 cans1 & rum 9 big bottles = ! pesos aga94 ,x 0 an excit+ place ?is ,mata*9 & made ,miguel und]/& :at ! gr+oes meant :5 !y talk$ ab\t ,new ,york1 ,*icago & o!r cities l x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,banana ,,m>ket ,,at ,,mata*9 ,:5 he grew old] ,miguel work$ a:ile = ! m5 :o 7 digg+ away all ?is dirt1 & e>n$ en\gh to buy himself a ma*ete & a gun & a few ornam5ts = a girl nam$ ,m>ia :o liv$ 9 ano!r hut ne> ! riv]4 ,b :at 0 ! use ( work+ 9 t mad way--pick+ up y\r %ovel :5 a :i/le blew & toil+ away until x blew aga91 ) a boss always scold+ at y & ready ) a kick if y tri$ to take a little sie/a4 ,! pesos once a week 7 good1 t 0 true4 ,if y work$ long en\gh y might get en\gh to buy "o ( ^? boxes t made music1 b qui5 sabe8 ,x might get brok5 anyway1 & ! iguanas 9 ! jungle1 ! fi% 9 ! riv] & ! yams & bananas 9 ! cle>+ ne$$ no silv] to come to 8 table4 ,besides he 0 prep>+ to become a man ( family4 ,m>ia 0 q will+1 & s "o day !y /roll$ (f toge!r h& 9 h& to a cle>+ ,miguel _h made ) 8 ma*ete on ! riv] bank4 ,) t same useful tool he cut "s wood5 po/s1 set !m erect 9 ! gr\nd & cov]$ !m ) a heavy ?at* ( palmetto leaves imp]vi\s to sun or ra94 ,! sides ( ! %elt] 7 left op5 dur+ ! fir/ mon?s ( w$d$ life4 ,lat] p]haps1 :5 !y _h "t !y w\ld g to ,cruces at ! p]iod ( ! prie/'s regul> visit & get regul>ly m>ri$4 ,:5 ! ra9y season came on & walls 7 z necess>y z a ro( aga9/ ! driv+ ra91 !y w\ld build a little bett]4 ,:5 t "t came he w\ld set t5 /\t uprights ( bamboo 9 ! gr\nd 9 ! %ape ( an oblong1 & across ! tops w\ld fa/5 six cross pieces ( gird]s ) )es ( v9e well soak$ to make !m pliable4 ,?is w\ld make ! frame ( ! fir/ floor ( 8 h\se4 ,! walls he w\ld make by weav+ re$s1 or "y bamboo /alks 9 & out betwixt ! po/s until a fairly tight basketwork fill$ ! space4 ,?is 0 !n pla/]$ outside ) clay4 ,! dirt1 :i* 9 "t w\ld be /amp$ d[n h>d1 =m$ ! floor4 ,= 8 second /ory a t5t-%ap$ frame ( light] bamboo tightly ti$ toge!r 0 fa/5$ to ! po/s1 & cane 0 ti$ to ea* ( ! raft]s z we nail la?s to scantl+4 ,?us a /rong peak$ ro(1 ab\t eight feet high f ! second floor to ! ridgepole 0 con/ruct$1 & ?at*$ ) palm leaves4 ,its angle be+ exce$+ly /eep x %$s wat] 9 ! fi]ce tropic ra9 /orms4 ,! floor ( ! second /ory is made ( bamboo poles laid transv]sely1 & cov]$ heavily ) ru%es & palmetto4 ,?is is us$ only z ! family sleep+ ap>tm5t1 & to give access to x ,miguel takes an #h-;in* bamboo & cuts not*es 9 x1 into :i* ! preh5sile toes ( 8 family may fit z !y clamb] up to ! l& ( ,nod4 ,furniture to ! *amb] floor !re is none4 ,! family h]d toge!r l s _m squirrels1 & ) ! bamboo climb+ pole drawn up !re is no dang] ( intrusion by ! bea/s ( ! field4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,*iriqui ,,c\ntry ,9 ! typical ,indian hut !re is no furniture on ! gr\nd floor o!r ?an a r\gh hewn b5*1 a few pieces ( pott]y & g\rds1 iron cook+ vessels & :at !y call a kit*51 :i* is 9 fact a l>ge flat box ) rais$ edges1 ab\t eight squ>e feet 9 surface & ab\t z high f ! floor z a table4 ,?is is fill$ ) s& & slabs ( /one4 ,9 x a little fire is built ( wood or *>coal1 ! /ones laid ab\t ! fire support ! pots & pans & cook+ goes on z gaily z 9 any mod]n electric kit*54 ,! contrivance s\nds primitive1 b ,i h eat5 a numb] ( excell5t meals cook$ on j su* an app>atus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,banana ,,plant2 ,,note ,,size ,,( ,,man ,n[ x w be notic$ t 9 all ?is habitation1 suffici5t = ! ne$s ( an ,indian1 !re is no?+ except ! iron pots & possibly "s pott]y = :i* money 0 ne$$1 & !re are ?\s&s ( families liv+ 9 j ?is fa%ion 9 ,panama today4 ,true1 luxury approa*es 9 its insidi\s fa%ion & "h & !re y w see a #a4be :ite iron b$ on ! ma9 floor1 real *airs1 cann$ goods on ! %elves &--f9al evid5ce ( ,indian prosp]ity6--a crayon portrait ( ! head ( ! family & a phonograph1 ( a make usually disc>d$ at home4 ,b :5 ,miguel & ,m>ia />t out on ! j\rney ( life a ma*ete1 a gun & ! good w ( _! neighbors :o w l5d !m yams until _! own plant+ beg9s to yield =ms a q suffici5t capital on :i* to e/abli% _! family4 ,!re=e1 :y "w8 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,a ,,typical ,,native ,,hut ,:ile native ar*itecture is n /ately x is arti/ic 9 t x h>monizes ) its natural surr\nd+s & is em95tly adapt$ to ! ne$s ( ! p :o inhabit ! huts4 ,x is beyond d\bt to ! ease ) :i* life c be su/a9$1 & ! torpidity ( ! native imag9ation :i* depicts no joys to spur "o on to ef=t t ! unwill+ness ( ! native to d sy/ematic "w is due4 ,& f ?is difficulty 9 gett+ labor foll[s ! fact t n "o qu>t] ( ! natural res\rces ( ,panama are develop$4 ,:e!r ! labor problem w be solv$ by ! di/ribution ?r\gh\t ! republic ( ! ,c>ibbean blacks :o h work$ s well on ! ,zone is yet to be se54 ,x may be possible t because ( ?is ! f]tile l&s ( ,panama1 or ! savannas s admirably fitt$ = graz+1 c only be utiliz$ by great corporations :o w d ?+s on s great a scale z to ju/ify ! importation ( labor4 ,today ! man :o %\ld take up a l>ge tract ( l& 9 ! ,*iriqui c\ntry ) a view to till+ x w\ld be risk+ disa/] because ( ! unc]ta9ty ( ! labor supply4 ,illu/ration3 ,,con/ruction ,,( ,,ro( ,,( ,a ,,native ,,h\se ,! photograph is tak5 look+ directly upw>d f ! gr\nd floor ,ano!r ob/acle 9 ! way ( =eign settlem5t ( ,panama has be5 ! unc]ta9ty ( l& titles4 ,e>ly surveyors seem to h be5 9 ! habit ( not+ z ! id5tification m>ks ( _! l9es su* volatile objects z a blackbird 9 a tree1 or su* p]i%able ones z an ant hill or a decay+ /ump4 ,facilities = record+ titles also h be5 ill arrang$4 ,"o ( ! fir/ tasks ( ! new ,republic 0 to take up ?is matt] & x has be5 r$uc$ to fairly sy/ematic =m4 ,! ,republic is (f]+ = sale great quantities ( public l&s long held z commons by v>i\s municipalities4 ,mu* ( ?is l& lies along ! l9e ( ! railroad f ,panama to ,david1 & is ( v>y+ grades suitable = graz+1 =e/ry or agriculture4 ,a fix$ price ( #ej c5ts p] hect>e is *>g$1 a hect>e be+ practically #b acres4 ,! gov]nm5t has gone q effici5tly into ! task ( dispos+ ( ^! l&s1 & pamphlets explanatory ( me?ods ( secur+ titles1 t]ms1 etc41 c be obta9$ by address+ ! ,adm9i/rator-,g5]al at ,panama4 ,! ,pan-,am]ican ,union1 ( ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 has issu$ a pamphlet giv+ a summ>y 9 ,engli% ( ! ,panamanian law be>+ ^u ! subject4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,native ,,liv+ ,,room ,,& ,,/airway ,by pull+ up ! bamboo ladd]1 or turn+ x1 communication ) ! upp] floor is clos$ ,) ! lack ( labor1 & ! unc]ta9ty ( l& titles1 ! f9al imp$im5t to ! g5]al developm5t ( ! int]ior ( ,panama is to be f\nd 9 ! lack ( roads4 ,x is n t ! roads are bad--t is ! case 9 _m ( our own commonweal?s4 ,b 9 a great "p ( ,panama !re are lit]ally no roads at all4 ,trails1 *ok$ by ! jungle & s wa%$ by ! ra9s t !y are m]ely lanes floor$ ) b\ld]s1 are ! rule4 ,! heavy ox-c>t is ! only vehicle t w /& ! go+1 & our light ,am]ican f>m wagons w\ld be spe$ily rack$ to pieces4 ,9 ! ,canal ,zone ! ,commission has built "s ( ! be/ roads 9 ! _w1 utiliz+ ! labor ( employees convict$ ( m9or (f5ses4 ,/imulat$ by ?is example ! ,panama gov]nm5t has built "o excell5t road f ! *ief city across ! savannas to ,old ,panama & !nce onw>d into ! int]ior4 ,x is hop$ t ! spectacle ( ! admirable roads 9 ! ,zone w enc\rage ! au?orities ( ! ,republic to g into road build+ on a l>ge scale 9 _! own c\ntry4 ,9 no o!r way c its possibilities be realiz$4 ,at pres5t ! riv]s af=d ! sure/ highways & l& abutt+ !m br+s high] prices4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rubb] ,,plantation ,,ne> ,,cocle ,! plant]'s orig9al hut 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,! bo>d cab9 ) corrugat$ iron ro( %[s prosp]ity ,david1 ! l>ge/ int]ior t[n ( ,panama1 is ! c5tral po9t ( ! cattle indu/ry4 ,all ar\nd x are woods1 or jungles1 pl5tifully int]sp]s$ ) broad prairies1 or llanos1 cov]$ ) grass1 & on :i* no trees gr[ save "h & !re a wild fig or a ceibo4 ,cattle graze on ! llanos1 sleek r$di% bea/s ) spread+ horns l our ,texas cattle4 ,!re are no huge h]ds z on our we/]n ranges4 ,droves ( f t5 to tw5ty are ab\t ! av]age among ! small own]s :o rely on ! public range = subsi/5ce4 ,! grass is n suffici5tly nutriti\s to br+ ! cattle up to m>ket =m1 s ! small own]s sell to ! own]s ( big ran*es :o ma9ta9 potr]os1 or fatt5+ gr\nd s[n ) bett] grasses4 ,a range f$ /e] w fet* #ae to #ah1 & aft] six or eight mon?s on ! potr]o x w br+ #cj to #ce f ! cattle %ipp] at ,david4 ,s9ce ! co/ ( fe$+ a beeve = t p]iod is only ab\t "o doll>1 & z ! dem& is fairly /eady ! pr(it ( ! ran*man is a good "o4 ,b l all o!r indu/ries 9 ,panama1 ?is "o is pursu$ 9 only a retail way4 ,! m>ket is great en\gh to enri* ran*m5 :o w\ld g into ! bus9ess on a l>ge scale1 b = "s reason none d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,boliv> ,,p>k ,,at ,,bocas ,,del ,,toro ,pass+ f llano to llano ! road cuts ?r\gh ! =e/ :i* t[]s d5se & imp5etrable on ei!r side1 brok5 only "h & !re by small cle>+s made by "s native ) ! indisp5sable ma*ete4 ,^! 9 ! ma9 are less ?an f\r acres4 ,! av]age ,panamanian f>m] w nev] incur ! scriptural curse laid ^u !m t lay field unto field4 ,he f>ms j en\gh = 8 daily ne$s1 no m4 ,! ambition t leads our nor!rn f>m] to always covet ! l&s on ! o!r side ( 8 b\nd>y f5ce does n op]ate 9 ,panama4 ,"o reason is1 ( c\rse1 ! aggressiv5ess ( ! jungle4 ,/ubborn to cle> away1 x is det]m9$ 9 its ef=ts to rega9 ! l& f :i* x has be5 ou/$4 ,su* a ?+ z all[+ a field to lie fall[ = two or ?ree ye>s is unkn[n 9 ,panama4 ,!re w\ld be no field visible = ! new jungle gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,=d ,,ne> ,,ancon ,agriculture !re=e is conduct$ 9 a small way only1 except = ! great corporations t h j begun ! exploitation ( ,panama4 ,:e!r ! c\ntry af=ds a hopeful field = ! individual settl] is at lea/ d\btful4 ,its climate is excell5t4 ,! days are w>m b nev] scor*+ly hot z are cu/om>y 9 ,wa%+ton & frequ5t 9 ,new ,york4 ,! nights are cool4 ,f ,decemb] to ,may a /eady trade w9d bl[s ov] ! ,i/hmus f nor? to s\?1 c>ry+ away ! cl\ds s t !re is no ra94 ,9 ?is dry season ! fruits mature1 s t x corresponds to ! nor!rn summ]2 on ! o!r h& su* vegetation z %$s its leaves1 or dies d[n annually1 does s at ?is season1 giv+ x a seem+ correspond5ce to ! nor!rn w9t]4 ,9 a temp]ature s5se !re is nei!r summ] nor w9t]1 & ! v>iation ( ! !rmomet] is )9 n>r[ limits4 ,! highe/ temp]ature 9 ye>s at ,culebra1 a typical inl& po9t1 0 #if degrees2 ! l[e/ #fa4 ,! li/ ( natural products ( ! ,i/hmus is impressive 9 its l5g? & v>iety1 b = mo/ ( !m ev5 ! home dem& is n met or suppli$ by ! production4 ,only :]e "s /imulat+ =ce f ! outside has int]v5$1 l ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company ) ! banana1 has production be5 br\ght up to any?+ l its possibility4 ,9 ! ,*iriqui c\ntry y c see sug> cane fields t h gone on produc+ practically )\t att5tion = fifte5 seasons4 ,cornfields h be5 work$ = half a c5tury )\t f]tiliz+ or rotation ( crops4 ,! soil !re is volcanic detritus wa%$ d[n dur+ pa/ ages f ! m\nta9sides1 & lies f six to tw5ty feet ?ick4 ,x w gr[ any?+ t ne$s no fro/1 b ! prov9ce supports less ?an f\r p to ! squ>e mile1 n9e-t5?s ( ! l& is unbrok5 & ,panama imports fruit f ,jamaica1 sug> f ,cuba & tobacco & food /uffs f ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,banana ,,trees ,illu/ration3 ,,p9eapples ,,9 ,,! ,,field ,! fruits ( ,panama are ! orange1 :i* gr[s wild & = ! prop] cultivation ( :i* no ef=t has be5 made1 :i* is equally ! case ) ! lemon & ! lime2 ! banana1 :i* plays s l>ge a "p 9 ! economic developm5t ( ! c\ntry t ,i %all treat ( x at l5g? lat]2 ! p9eapple1 cultivat$ 9 a haphaz>d way1 /ill atta9s s high an ord] ( excell5ce t ,taboga p9es are ! /&>d = lusci\sness2 ! mango1 :i* gr[s 9 clu/]s s d5se t ! v trees b5d "u _! weight1 b = :i* z yet little m>ket has be5 f\nd1 z !y require an acquir$ ta/e2 ! mamei1 h>d to %ip & difficult to eat because ( its con/ruction b )al a too?some fruit2 ! paypaya1 a melon n unlike our cantal\pe :i* has ! ecc5tricity ( gr[+ on trees2 ! sapodillo1 a fruit ( excell5t flavor ta/+ n unlike a ripe p]simmon1 b conta9+ no pit4 ,) cultivation all ( ^! fruits c\ld be gr[n 9 great quantities 9 all p>ts ( ! ,republic1 b to give !m any economic importance "s special arrangem5t = _! regul> & spe$y m>ket+ w\ld h to be made1 z ) ! banana1 mo/ ( !m be+ by nature extremely p]i%able4 ,nor!rn companies are f9d+ "s pr(it 9 exploit+ su* natural res\rces ( ,panama z are available 9 _! wild /ate4 ,( ^! ! mo/ promis+ is rubb]1 ! tree be+ f\nd 9 practically e "p ( ! c\ntry4 ,"o conc]n1 ! ,bo/on-,panama ,company1 has an e/ate approximat+ #djj squ>e miles on :i* are ab\t #ajj1jjj wild rubb] trees1 & :i* is be+ fur!r develop$ by ! plant+ ( bananas1 p9eapples1 cocoanuts & o!r tropical fruits4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wait+ ,,= ,,! ,,boat ,c(fee1 sug> & cacao are rais$ on ! ,i/hmus1 b ( ! two =m] n en\gh to supply ! local dem&4 ,! developm5t ( ! cacao indu/ry to l>ge proportions seems probable1 z sev]al =eign corporations are exp]im5t+ on a consid]able scale4 ,cocoanuts are easily gr[n along bo? coa/s ( ! ,i/hmus4 ,a new grove takes ab\t five ye>s to come into be>+1 co/+ an av]age ( ab\t ?ree doll>s a tree4 ,once e/abli%$ ! trees br+ 9 a rev5ue ( ab\t "o doll> ea* at pres5t prices &1 z ! dem& = ,panama cocoanuts is /eady1 ! indu/ry seems to (f] attractive possibilities4 ,! groves mu/ be ne> ! coa/1 z ! cocoanut tree ne$s salt air to rea* its be/ e/ate4 ,giv5 ! "r atmosph]ic conditions !y w ?rive :]e no o!r plant w take root4 ,gr[+ at ! edge ( ! sea1 wat] transportation is easy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c\ntry ,,h\se ,,( ,a ,,cacao ,,plant] ,,at ,,*oria ,?is indu/ry is 9 its infancy 9 ,panama1 b promises to be a consid]able res\rce ,illu/ration3 ,,/>t$ ,,= ,,m>ket ,!re is /ill mu* l& available = cocoanut plant+1 ?\gh b little ( x is gov]nm5t l&4 ,bo? coa/s are fit = ?is indu/ry1 unlike ! banana indu/ry1 :i* ?rives only on ! ,atlantic %ore4 ,panama is outside ( ! hurricane belt1 :i* gives an add$ advantage to ! cocoanut plant]4 ,else:]e 9 ! ,c>ibbean ! trees suff] sev]ely f ! high w9ds4 ,! lumb] ( ,panama w 9 "t come to be "o ( its ri*e/ assets4 ,9 ! d5se =e/s h>dwoods ( a doz5 v>ieties or m are to be f\nd1 b z yet ! co/ ( gett+ x out is prohibitive 9 mo/ sections4 ,only ^? =e/s adjac5t to /reams are economically valuable & su* activity z is %[n is ma9ly along ! ,bayano1 ,*ucunaque1 & ,tuyra ,riv]s4 ,! li/ ( woods is almo/ int]m9able4 ,! prospectus ( "o ( ! companies ) an ext5d$ t]ritory on ! ,bayano ,riv] notes eighte5 v>ieties ( timb]1 comm]cially valuable on its t]ritory4 ,among ^? ! names ( :i* are unfamili> are ! espav 7sometimes spell$ espev71 ! cocobolo1 ! esp9osa c$>1 ! zoro & ! sangre4 ,all are h>d woods s]viceable 9 cab9et mak+4 ,! espav is z h>d z mahogany & ( simil> color & m>k+4 ,! trees w run f\r to five feet ?ick at ! /ump ) saw timb] #fj to #gj feet 9 l5g?4 ,esp9osa trees are ( ! c$> type1 gr[+ to enorm\s size1 frequ5tly exce$+ #af feet 9 circumf]5ce4 ,! cocobolo is a h>d wood1 b )\t ! beauty to fit x = cab9et "w4 ,! sangre d]ives its "n f its r$ sap :i* exudes f a ga% l blood4 ,x takes a high poli%1 & is 9 its g5]al *>act]i/ics n unlike our *]ry4 ,= ! casual t\ri/ ! lumb] di/rict mo/ easy ( access is t along ! ,bayano ,riv] rea*$ by a motor boat or /eam laun* 9 a few h\rs f ,panama4 ,! trip is frequ5tly made by pleasure seek]s1 = p]haps n[h]e 9 ! _w is ! beauty ( a phosphoresc5t sea at night s m>vel\sly %[n1 & few places easily f\nd by man %[ su* a horde ( alligators or crocodiles1 z are se5 9 ,crocodile ,creek1 "o ( ! afflu5ts ( ! ,bayano4 ,?is riv]1 :i* empties into ! ,gulf ( ,panama1 is 9 its l[] rea*es a tide-wat] /ream & p]haps because ( ! m+l+ ( ! salt & ! fre% ! wat] is d5sely fill$ ) ! microscopic infusoria :i* at night blaze =? 9 coldly phosphoresc5t gleams sugge/ive ( ! sp>kl+ ( a spray ( diamonds4 ,put y\r h& into ! /ream1 lift x & let ! wat] trickle ?r\gh y\r f+]s4 ,e drop gleams & gli/5s z x falls ) a radiance comp>able ) no?+ 9 nature unless x be ! great fire-flies ( ! tropics4 ,ev5 diamonds h to pass ?r\gh ! h&s ( ! cutt] be=e !y w blaze ) any su* effulg5ce z ! trickl+ wat]s ( ?is tropical /ream4 ,"o :o has pass$ a night ^u x may well feel t he has liv$ ) "o ( ! _w's m>vels1 & c b wond] at ! matt]-(-fact mann] 9 :i* ! natives g ab\t _! tasks unmov$ by ! contact ) s mu* %9+ glory4 ,illu/ration3 ,,load+ ,,cattle ,,at ,,aguadulce ,!re is always controv]sy on ! ,i/hmus ov] ! "q :e!r ! gigantic saurians ( ,crocodile ,creek are 9 fact crocodiles or alligators4 ,:e!r exp]t sci5tific op9ion has ev] be5 call$ ^u to settle ! problem ,i d n "k1 b ,i r suspect t crocodile 0 det]m9$ ^u because x gave to ! "n ( ,crocodile ,creek 9 :i* !y are s pl5tifully f\nd 8apt allit]ation's artful aid0 to make x picturesque4 ,:atev] ! precise zoological classification giv5 to ! huge liz>ds may be is likely to be relatively unimportant be=e long1 because ! greate/ joy ( e t\ri/ is f\nd 9 kill+ !m4 ,! fasc9ation :i* slaught] possesses = m5 is always h>d to und]/&1 b j :at gives ! kill+ ( alligators its peculi> ze/ ,i c\ld nev] und]/&4 ,! bea/s are sl[1 torpid & d n af=d a peculi>ly difficult te/ ( m>ksman%ip1 ev5 ?\gh ! vuln]able "p ( _! bodies is small4 ,!y are timid & w n fight = _! lives4 ,!re is no?+ ( ! sport+ proposition 9 pursu+ !m t is to be f\nd 9 hunt+ ! tig] or ! grizzly4 ,!y are practically h>mless1 & 9 ! ,bayano region :olly s1 z !re are no dome/ic animals ^u :i* !y c prey4 ,x is true _! tee? & sk9s h a c]ta9 value 9 ! m>ket1 b x is n = ^! ! t\ri/ kills !m4 ,mo/ ( ^? sla9 = 8sport0 s9k in/antly & _c be recov]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dolega ,,9 ,,! ,,*iriqui ,,prov9ce ,h[ev] if y visit ,crocodile ,creek ) a typical p>ty y w be giv5 a v fair imitation ( a lively skirmi% 9 actual w>4 ,f e "p ( ! deck1 f ! ro( ( ! cab91 & f ! pilot h\se %ots r+ out f repeat+ rifles 9 a fi]ce desire to kill4 ,! ,em]sonian doctr9e ( comp5sation is (t5 giv5 illu/ration by ! kill+ ( "o ( ! hunt]s 9 ! eag]ness to get at ! qu>ry4 ,9 fact t is "o ( ! commone/ accid5ts ( ! t\ri/ season 9 ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mahogany ,,trees ,,) ,,or*ids ,crocodile ,creek is a deep1 sluggi% black /ream1 almo/ ar*$ ov] by ! b\ghs ( ! ?ick =e/ along ! %ores4 ,"h & !re ! jungle is brok5 by a broad %elv+ bea* on :i* ! unga9ly bea/s love to sun !mselves1 & to :i* ! females resort to deposit _! eggs4 ,at ! s\nd ( a voice or a paddle 9 ! /ream ! awkw>d brutes take to ! wat] 9 t]ror1 = !re are few animals m timid ?an !y4 ,:5 9 ! wat] ! crocodile floats lazily1 display+ only ?ree small bumps above ! surface--! no/rils & ! horny protrub]ances above ! eyes4 ,once ! pool 9 :i* !y float is di/urb$ !y s9k to ! bottom & lurk !re = h\rs4 ,alligator hunt+ = bus9ess purposes is n z yet g5]ally pursu$ on ! ,i/hmus1 ?\gh "o hunt] & trapp] is said to h secur$ z _m z #fj1jjj 9 a ye>4 ,b z ! dem& = ! sk9s1 & to a less] degree = ! tee?1 ( ! animals is a con/ant "o1 x is probable t ) ! aid ( ! t\ri/s !y w be ext]m9at$ !re z ?or\ghly z !y h be5 9 ! settl$ p>ts ( ,florida4 ,:ile on ! subject ( slaught] & ! ext]m9ation ( game x may be not$ t ! ,canal ,commission has already e/abli%$ v /r+5t game laws on ! ,zone1 p>ticul>ly = ! protection ( plum$ birds l ! egret1 & x is s]i\sly propos$ to make ( t "p ( ,gatun ,lake )9 ! ,zone a refuge = birds 9 :i* no %oot+ %all be p]mitt$4 ,su* action w\ld /op m]e wanton slaught] f ! decks ( pass+ /eam]s1 & 9 ! end w\ld greatly enhance ! beauty & int]e/ ( ! trip ?r\gh ! lake :i* w\ld be fairly alive ) birds & o!r animal life4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bayano ,,c$>1 ,,eight ,,feet ,,diamet] ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,cacao ,,tree ,illu/ration3 ,,/reet ,,9 ,,david ,! ,bayano ,riv] region beside be+ ! c5t] ( su* lumb]+ activities z ! ,zone kn[s at pres5t is ! section 9 :i* are f\nd ! curi\s vegetable ivory nuts :i*1 ?\gh gr[+ wild1 h become "o ( ! pr9cipal products ( ,panama4 ,only a few ye>s ago !y 7 look$ ^u m]ely z curiosities b are n[ a useful new mat]ial4 ,!y are ga!r$ by ! natives & sold to deal]s 9 ,panama :o %ip !m nor? to be made into buttons & o!r articles ( g5]al use4 ,nobody has yet exp]im5t$ ) ! cultivation ( ! tree1 & !re is reason to believe t ) cultivation l>g] nuts c\ld be obta9$1 &1 by plant+1 consid]able groves e/abli%$4 ,! trees gr[ well 9 e "p ( ! ,d>i51 & ! dem&1 ) ! rapid dim9ution 9 ! supply ( real ivory1 %\ld be a gr[+ "o4 ,inde$1 ! m "o /udies ,panama & its res\rces ! m "o is conv9c$ t all t is necess>y to make ! c\ntry a ri* & prosp]\s "o1 or at any rate to cause x to create ri*es & prosp]ity = inve/ors1 is ! application ( capital1 labor & sy/ematic managem5t to ! res\rces x already possesses4 ,9 its #djj ye>s ( ,spani% & me/izo control ^! ?ree factors h be5 cont9u\sly lack+4 ,!re are m5 9 ,panama1 ( native bir? & ( ,spani% orig91 :o h und]tak5 to develop c]ta9 ( ! l&'s res\rces & h mod]ately enri*$ !mselves4 ,b ! mo/ /rik+ evid5ce ( ! success to be obta9$ f attack+ ! indu/rial problem 9 ,panama sy/ematically & 9 a big way is t furni%$ by ! op]ations ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company1 ! bigge/ bus9ess fact 9 ! tropics4 ,panama is1 ( c\rse1 only "o l9k 9 ! colossal *a9 ( ! op]ations ( ?is company 9 ! tropics4 ,! rapidly increas+ prosp]ity ( _m ( ! ,c5tral ,republics is due l>gely to ! sweep+ scope ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company1 & its impress is 9 evid5ce all along ! nor? coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica & ?r\gh\t ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,its int]e/s 9 ,jamaica are enorm\s4 ,cuba put ,jamaica (f ! sug> map1 b ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company came to h] rescue ) an (f] to pur*ase all ! bananas h] plant]s c\ld furni%1 & ,jamaica n[ leads ! ,am]ican tropics ) #ag1jjj1jjj bun*es annually1 ( :i* ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company obta9s ne>ly half1 ! balance be+ h&l$ by its competitors4 ,! company also owns ! fam\s ,tit*field ,hotel ( ,port ,antonio1 & op]ates ! ,myrtle ,bank ,hotel ( ,k+/on4 ,9 ,cuba ! company owns #fj1jjj acres ( sug> plantations & its two great sug> mills w ?is ye> add to ! _w's product an am\nt ) a m>ket value 9 excess ( #aj1jjj1jjj4 ,its scores ( :ite /eam%ips1 amaz+ly well contriv$ & fitt$ = tropical s]vice1 con/itute "o ( ! pleasante/ features ( travel on ^! sunlit seas4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,banana ,,c\ntry ,illu/ration3 ,,m>ket ,,place ,,at ,,ancon ,illu/ration3 ,,fruit ,,company ,,/eam] ,,at ,,:>f ,! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company is by f> ! greate/ agricultural ent]prise ! _w has ev] kn[n4 ,its fruit plantations con/itute a f>m half a mile wide & m ?an sev5 hundr$ miles long4 ,all ( its f>m l&s exce$ 9 area ! #accb squ>e miles :i* con/itute ! sov]eign ,/ate ( ,rhode ,isl&4 ,on ^! f>ms are m ?an #be1jjj head ( live /ock4 ,?is agricultural empire is trav]s$ by ne>ly #ajjj miles ( railroad4 ,to c>ry ! fruits f ! plantations to ! seaports !re are employ$ #ajj locomotives & #cjjj freight c>s4 ,an army ( ne>ly #dj1jjj m5 is employ$ 9 ?is new & mammo? indu/ry4 ,! republics ( ,c5tral ,am]ica 7 inl& nations be=e ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company made g>d5s ( ! l[ ,c>ibbean coa/ l&s & creat$ f ! virg9 wild]ness su* ports z ,b>rios1 ,cortez1 ,limon & ,bocas del ,toro4 ,illu/ration3 ,,unit$ ,,fruit ,,company ,,tra9 ,?is n>r[ gauge railroad c>ries no freight except bananas4 ,ne>ly #ajjj miles ( su* road are ma9ta9$ ,illu/ration3 ,,sanit>y ,,(fice1 ,,bocas ,,del ,,toro ,?is ,yankee ent]prise has erect$ & ma9ta9s at its own exp5se _m ( ! ligh?\ses :i* s]ve its own great fleet & ! %ips ( all ! _w4 ,x has dr$g$ new *annels & m>k$ !m ) buoys4 ,x has in/all$ along ! ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ican coa/s a wireless telegraph s]vice ( ! highe/ p[] & effici5cy4 ,x has con/ruct$ hundr$s ( miles ( public roads1 ma9ta9s public s*ools1 & 9 o!r ways r5d]s at its own exp5se ! s]vices :i* are presum$ to fall on gov]nm5ts4 ,! ,am]ican f9anci]s associat$ ) x are n[ pu%+ to completion ! ,pan-,am]ican railroad :i* soon w connect ,new ,york ) ,panama by an all-rail r\te1 & ?us realize :at once 0 e/eem$ an impractical dream4 ,b x is ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company's activities 9 ,panama only t are p]t95t to ?is book4 ,!y demon/rate /rik+ly h[ readily "o natural opportunity af=d$ by ?is l& respond$ to ! call ( sy/ematic ef=t1 & !re are a doz5 products beside ! banana :i* might ?us be exploit$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,pile ,,( ,,reject$ ,,bananas ,! fruit is ?r[n out by ! company's inspectors = sc>cely visible flaws ,on ! ,atlantic coa/1 only a night's sail f ,colon1 is ! port ( ,bocas del ,toro 7,! ,m\?s ( ! ,bull71 a t[n ( ab\t #ijjj inhabitants1 built & l>gely ma9ta9$ by ! banana trade4 ,"h is ! l>ge/ & mo/ beautiful natural h>bor 9 ! ,am]ican tropics1 & "h "s day w be e/abli%$ a w9t] resort to :i* w flock p f all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,almirante ,bay & ! ,*iriqui ,lagoon ext5d ?irty or =ty miles1 dott$ ) ?\s&s ( isl&s deck$ ) tropical v]dure1 & flank$ to ! nor? & we/ by sup]b m\nta9 ranges ) peaks ( f sev5 to t5 ?\s& feet 9 height4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,p]fect ,,bun* ,,( ,,bananas ,! t[ns ( ,bocas del ,toro & ,almirante are ma9ta9$ almo/ entirely by ! banana trade4 ,o!r companies ?an ! ,unit$ ,fruit raise & buy bananas "h1 b x 0 ! initiative ( ! lead+ company :i* by sy/ematic "w put ! prosp]ity ( ?is section on a firm basis4 ,l&s t a few ye>s ago 7 miasmatic swamps are n[ improv$ & plant$ ) bananas4 ,ov] #d1jjj1jjj bun*es 7 export$ f ?is plantation 9 #aiaa1 & #ce1jjj acres are "u cultivation !re4 ,a n>r[ gauge railway c>ries bananas exclusively4 ,! great :ite /eam%ips sail almo/ daily c>ry+ away little except bananas4 ,! money sp5t ov] ! c\nt]s ( ! /ores 9 ,bocas del ,toro comes f natives :o h no way ( gett+ money except by rais+ bananas & sell+ !m1 mo/ly to ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company4 ,x has its competitors1 b x inv5t$ ! bus9ess & has br\ght x to its highe/ developm5t4 ,at ?is ,panama t[n1 & = t matt] 9 ! o!r t]ritories x controls1 ! company has e/abli%$ & en=ces ! sanit>y re=ms :i* ,col4 ,gorgas appli$ s effectively 9 ,colon & ,panama4 ,its (ficials pr\dly claim t !y 7 ! pione]s 9 inv5t+ & apply+ ! me?ods :i* h conqu]$ tropical diseases4 ,at ,bocas del ,toro ! company ma9ta9s a hospital :i* lacks no?+ ( ! equipm5t ( ! ,ancon ,hospital1 ?\gh ( c\rse n s l>ge4 ,x has successfully adopt$ ! commiss>y sy/em e/abli%$ on ! ,canal ,zone4 ,labor has always be5 ! tr\blesome factor 9 indu/rial ent]prises 9 ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,! ,fruit ,company has jo9$ ) ! ,i/hmian ,commission 9 ! sy/ematic endeavor to keep labor cont5t$ & !re=e effici5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,a/or ,,ya*t ,,at ,,cri/obal ,probably x w be ! policy :i* any corporation attempt+ to d "w on a l>ge scale w be compell$ to adopt4 ,to my m9d ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company1 next to ! ,panama ,canal1 is ! great ph5om5on ( ! ,c>ibbean _w today4 ,"s day "s "o ) k w write a book ab\t x z m5 h writt5 ! hi/ory ( ! ,briti% ,ea/ ,india ,company1 or ! ,wor%ipful ,company ( ,hudson ,bay ,adv5tur]s1 = ?is di/9ctly ,am]ican ent]prise has accompli%$ a creative "w s wond]ful & s romantic z to entitle x to equal lit]>y consid]ation4 ,its cop]ation ) ! ,republic ( ,panama & ! mann] 9 :i* x has foll[$ ! plans =mulat$ by ! ,i/hmian ,commission entitles x to att5tion 9 a book treat+ ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bay ,,( ,,bocas ,?is h>bor ( ! *ief banana port ( ,panama w\ld accommodate a navy ,! banana bus9ess is ! great trade ( ! tropics1 & "o t _c be r$uc$ 9 volume by new competition1 z cane sug> 0 *eck$ by beet sug>4 ,b x is a bus9ess :i* requires special ma*9]y ( di/ribution = its success4 ,f ! day ! banana is pick$ until x is 9 ! /oma* ( ! ultimate consum] ! "t %\ld n exce$ ?ree weeks4 ,! fruit mu/ be pick$ gre51 z1 if all[$ to rip5 on ! trees1 x splits op5 & ! tropical insects infect x4 ,?is same condition1 by ! way1 affects all tropical fruits4 ,all mu/ be ga!r$ :ile /ill unripe4 ,! ne>e/ :olesale m>ket = bananas is ,new ,orleans1 five days' /eam+4 ,new ,york is sev5 days away4 ,t means t once l&$ ! fruit mu/ be di/ribut$ to commission h\ses & ag5ts all ov] ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) ! utmo/ exp$ition le/ x spoil 9 transit4 ,!re c be no hold+ x 9 /orage1 cold or o!rwise1 = a /rong] dem& or a high] m>ket4 ,?is means t ! corporation mu/ deal ) ag5ts :o c be reli$ ^u to absorb ! c>goes ( ! %ips z regul>ly z !y arrive4 ,f its budd+ ne> ! ,panama ,canal to its f9i% 9 ! alim5t>y canal ( its f9al pur*as] ! banana has to be h&l$ sy/ematically & swiftly4 ,illu/ration3 ,,br++ ,,home ,,! ,,crocodile ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,morn+',s ,,%oot+ ,to e/abli% ?is ma*9]y ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company has inve/$ m ?an #aij1jjj1jjj 9 ! tropics--d\btless ! greate/ inve/m5t next to ! ,panama ,canal made 9 t ,zone4 ,h[ mu* ( ?is is prop]ly a ,panama inve/m5t c h>dly be told1 s9ce = example ! ,fruit ,company's %ips :i* ply to ,colon & ,bocas del ,toro call at o!r banana ports z well4 ,^! %ips are peculi>ly attractive 9 design & 9 _! clo?+ ( sn[y :ite1 & ,i d n ?9k !re is any ,am]ican :o1 see+ !m 9 ,c>ibbean ports1 does n wond] at ! sight ( ! ,briti% flag fly+ at ! /]n4 ,8 a/oni%m5t is n allay$ :5 he le>ns t ! company has 9 all m ?an #ajj %ips ( v>i\s sizes1 & ne>ly all ( ,briti% regi/ry4 ,! transf] ( t fleet alone to ,am]ican regi/ry w\ld be a notable & mo/ desirable /ep4 ,illu/ration3 ,,on ,,crocodile ,,creek ,ea* spot look+ l a leaf on ! wat] is ! nose ( a subm]g$ saurian ,f (ficials ( ! company ,i le>n$ t !y w\ld welcome ! opportunity to transf] _! %ips to ,am]ican regi/ry1 except = c]ta9 requirem5ts ( ! navigation laws :i* make su* a *ange haz>d\s4 ,practically all ! own]%ip ( ! %ips is ve/$ 9 ,am]icans1 b to fly ! ,briti% flag is = !m a bus9ess necessity4 ,*ief among ! objections is ! clause :i* w\ld give ! ,unit$ ,/ates au?ority to seize ! vessels 9 "t ( w>4 ,x is q evid5t t ?is p[] might be employ$ to ! complete de/ruction ( ! ,fruit ,company's trade2 9 fact to its practical ext9ction z a bus9ess conc]n4 ,a l p[] exi/+ 9 ,engl& or ,g]many w\ld n be ( equal m5ace to any s+le company fly+ ! flag ( t nation1 = !re ! gov]nm5t's ne$s c\ld be fully suppli$ by a prop] apportionm5t ( requisitions = %ips among ! _m companies4 ,b ) ! exce$+ly re/rict$ m]*ant m>9e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! dang] ( ! en=cem5t ( ?is "r w\ld be an ev]-pres5t m5ace4 ,x is = ?is reason t ! ,fruit ,company /eam]s fly ! ,briti% flag1 & ! ,am]ican 9 ,colon may see1 z ,i did "o day1 n9e great ocean %ips 9 ! port ) only "o fly+ ! />s & /ripes4 ,! op5+ ( ! canal w n :olly rem$y ?is4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,c>l ,hayd5 ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,crocodile ,9 all respects save ! regi/ry ( its %ips1 h[ev]1 ! ,fruit ,company is a ?or\ghly ,am]ican conc]n & to its op]ations 9 ! ,c>ibbean is due mu* ( ! good feel+ t[>d ! ,unit$ ,/ates :i* is obs]vable !re4 ,9 #aiab x c>ri$ #a1aac1gda tons ( freight1 ( :i* #cei1fhf 0 g5]al freight1 c>ri$ = ! public 9 addition to company freight4 ,?is is a notable public s]vice1 pr(itable no d\bt b vital to ! int]e/s ( ! ,am]ican tropics4 ,x owns or holds "u leases #heb1fej acres1 & 9 #aiab c>ri$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ab\t #be1jjj1jjj bun*es ( bananas1 & #af1jjj1jjj bun*es to ,great ,brita9 & ! ,cont95t4 ,view$ f ! /&po9t ( ! consum] its "w c]ta9ly has op]at$ to *eap5 bananas & to place !m on sale at po9ts :]e !y 7 nev] be=e se54 ,! banana has n p>ticipat$ 9 ! high co/ ( liv+ nor has "o company monopoliz$ ! m>ket1 = ! trade /ati/ics %[ #ag1jjj1jjj bun*es ( bananas import$ by rival companies 9 #aiab4 ,z = its /imulation ( ! bus9ess ( ! ports ( ,new ,orleans1 ,galve/on & ,mobile1 & its revivify+ ( trade along ! ,c>ibbean1 bo? are matt]s ( common k4 ,illu/ration3 ,,above ,,! ,,cl\ds1 ,,*iriqui ,,volcano ,! banana ?rives be/ 9 ri* soil cov]$ ) alluvial deposits & 9 a climate ( great humidity :]e ! temp]ature nev] falls bel[ #ge degrees ,fahr5heit4 ,once e/abli%$ ! plantation ne$s little att5tion1 ! plant be+ self-propagat+ f suck]s :i* %oot (f f ! 8mat10 ! tangl$ roots ( ! "m plant4 ,x beg9s to be> fruit at ! age ( t5 or elev5 mon?s1 & ) ! matur+ ( "o bun* ( fruit ! p>5t plant is at once cut d[n s t ! /r5g? ( ! soil may g into ! suck]s t succe$ x4 ,p]haps ! mo/ te*nical "w ( ! cultivator is to select ! suck]s s t ! plantation w n br+ all its fruit to maturity 9 "o season1 b r yield a regul> succession ( crops1 mon? aft] mon?4 ,x 0 int]e/+ to le>n f a repres5tative ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company at ,bocas del ,toro1 t ! banana has its dull season--n 9 production b 9 ! dem& = x :i* falls (f heavily 9 w9t]1 ?\gh "o w\ld suppose t summ]1 :5 our own fruits are 9 ! m>ket1 w\ld be ! p]iod ( its eclipse4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,*iriqui ,,volcano ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,m>ket ,,boat ,,at ,,*orr]a ,:ile mo/ ( ! fruit ga!r$ 9 ! neighborhood ( ,bocas del ,toro is gr[n on l& own$ & till$ by ! ,company1 !re are hundr$s ( small individual gr[]s ) plantations ( f half an acre to fifty acres or ev5 m4 ,all fruit is deliv]$ along ! railway l9es1 & ! l>g] gr[]s h tramways1 ! c>s drawn by ox5 or mules1 to c>ry _! fruit to ! /ipulat$ po9t4 ,notice is giv5 ! gr[]s ( ! date on :i* ! fruit w be call$ =1 & )9 twelve to eighte5 h\rs aft] x has be5 cut x is 9 ! hold ( ! vessel4 ,x is subject$ to a rigid inspection at ! docks1 & ! flaws = :i* :ole bun*es are reject$ w\ld (t5 be q undisc]nible to ! ord9>y obs]v]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,b\quette ,,valley1 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,f]tile ,,"p ,,( ,,*iriqui ,! banana is "o ( ! few fruits :i* are free f insect pe/s1 be+ protect$ by its ?ick1 bitt] sk94 ,if all[$ to rip5 9 ! op51 h[ev]1 x spe$ily falls a prey to a multitude ( egg-lay+ insects4 ,! tree itself is n s immune4 ,lately a small rod5t1 some?+ l ! goph] ( our ,am]ican /ates1 has discov]$ t banana roots are good to eat4 ,f "t immemorial he liv$ 9 ! jungle1 burr[+ & nibbl+ ! roots ( ! plants !re1 b 9 an unlucky mom5t = ! fruit companies he discov]$ t tunnel+ 9 soil t _h be5 work$ 0 easi] & ! roots ( ! cultivat$ banana m succul5t ?an 8 normal diet4 ,!re=e a l>ge importation ( sci5ti/s f ,europe & ! ,unit$ ,/ates to f9d "s way ( eradicat+ ! indu/ri\s pe/ t has attack$ ! *ief indu/ry ( ! tropics at ! root1 s to speak4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c(fee ,,plant ,,at ,,b\quette ,b>on ,humboldt is said to h fir/ call$ ! att5tion ( civiliz$ p to ! food value ( ! banana1 b x 0 "o ( ! f\nd]s ( ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company1 a ,new ,engl& sea capta9 trad+ to ,colon1 :o fir/ introduc$ x to ! g5]al m>ket 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,= a "t he c>ri$ home a few bun*es 9 ! cab9 ( 8 s*oon] = 8 family & fri5ds1 b1 f9d+ a c]ta9 dem& = ! fruit1 lat] began to import x sy/ematically4 ,f ?is casual />t ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company & its hu/l+ competitors h gr[n4 ,! :ole bus9ess is ! developm5t ( a few decades & p /ill "y c rememb] :5 bananas 7 sold1 ea* wrapp$ 9 tissue pap]1 = five or t5 c5ts1 :ile today t5 or fifte5 c5ts a doz5 is a fair price4 ,! fruit c be prep>$ 9 a multitude ( fa%ions1 p>ticul>ly ! co>s] v>ieties ( planta9s1 & ! ,fruit ,company has compil$ a banana cook book b has tak5 little pa9s to circulate x1 ! dem& = ! fruit be+ at times /ill 9 excess ( ! supply4 ,!re seems e indication t ! dem& is con/ant & new banana t]ritory is be+ /eadily develop$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dry+ ,,! ,,c(fee ,,beans ,sev]al companies %>e ) ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company ! ,panama m>ket4 ,! me?ods ( ga!r+ & m>ket+ ! crop employ$ by all are practically ! same1 b ! ,unit$ ,fruit ,company is us$ z an illu/ration "h because its bus9ess is ! l>ge/ & because x has s closely foll[$ ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission 9 its welf>e "w4 ,! banana c\ntry lies close to ! ocean & ma9ly on ! ,atlantic side ( ! ,i/hmus4 ,! lumb] indu/ry ne/les close to ! riv]s1 ma9ly 9 ! ,bayano region4 ,cocoanuts ne$ ! bea*es & ! sea breezes4 ,native rubb] is f\nd 9 e "p ( ! ,republic1 ?\gh at pres5t x is collect$ ma9ly 9 ! ,d>i51 :i* is true also ( vegetable ivory4 ,! only gold :i* is m9$ on a l>ge scale is tak5 f ! neighborhood ( ! ,tuyra ,riv] 9 ! ,d>i54 ,b = products requir+ cultivation l cacao & c(fee ! high l&s 9 ! ,*iriqui prov9ce (f] ! be/ opportunity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dry+ ,,clo?s ,,= ,,c(fee ,:]e ! plant] has no regul> dry+ floor1 clo?s are spread on :i* ! b]ries are expos$ ,david is really ! c5t] ( ?is t]ritory4 ,x is a typical ,c5tral ,am]ican t[n ( ab\t #ae1jjj p1 ) a plaza1 a ca!dral1 a hotel & all ! appurt5ances ( metropolitan life 9 ,panama4 ,! place is attractive 9 its way1 ) its /reets ( :ite-wall$1 r$-til$ dwell+s1 ) blue or gre5 doors & %utt]s4 ,x seems to h gr[n ) "s /ead9ess1 = ?\gh ! ,panama c5sus = #aiab gave x #ae1jjj inhabitants1 travel]s l ,mr4 ,=bes ,l9dsay & ,alb]t ,edw>ds1 :o visit$ x only a ye> or two e>li]1 gave x only f #ejjj to #hjjj p4 ,its gr[?1 h[ev]1 is natural & heal?y1 = ! c\ntry r\nd x is develop+ rapidly4 ,y rea* ,david n[ by boats ( ! ,pacific ,mail & ! ,national ,navigation ,company f ,panama4 ,! quicke/ trip takes ?irty h\rs4 ,:5 ! gov]nm5t railroad is built1 ab\t :i* !re is "s slight d\bt1 ! :ole c\ntry w be op5$ & %\ld be quickly settl$4 ,! road 9 all probability w be cont9u$ to ,bocas del ,toro on ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,breadfruit ,,tree ,:ile ! cattle bus9ess ( ! ,*iriqui region is its *ief ma9/ay1 x is f> f be+ develop$ to its natural ext5t4 ,! ,commiss>y (ficials ( ! ,canal organization tri$ to int]e/ cattle gr[]s to ! ext5t ( rais+ en\gh beef = ! ne$ ( ! ,canal work]s1 b fail$4 ,practically all ( ! meat ?us us$ is furni%$ by ! s-call$ 8,beef ,tru/0 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is believ$ t !re are n m ?an #ej1jjj head ( cattle all told 9 ,panama4 ,i 0 told on ! ,i/hmus t ag5ts ( a l>ge ,*icago firm _h travel$ ?r\gh ,*iriqui ) a view to e/abli%+ a pack+ h\se !re1 b report$ t ! supply ( cattle 0 inadequate = ev5 ! smalle/ e/abli%m5t4 ,yet ! c\ntry is admirably adapt$ = cattle rais+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,primitive ,,sug> ,,mill ,! climate ( ?is region is equable1 bo? z to temp]ature & humidity4 ,epidemic diseases are practically unkn[n among ei!r m5 or bea/s4 ,%\ld irrigation 9 future seem ne$ful to agriculture ! multitude ( /reams furni% an ample wat] supply & innum]able sites = res]voirs4 ,we/w>d f ,david ! face ( ! c\ntry rises g5tly until y come to ! ,cald]a ,valley :i* lies at ! foot ( ! ,*iriqui ,peak1 an ext9ct volcano p]haps #hjjj feet high4 ,n[h]e 9 ,panama d ! m\nta9s rise v high1 ?\gh ! range is cle>ly a connection ( ! ,cordill]as ( ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,! ,*iriqui ,peak has n 9 ! memory ( man be5 9 eruption1 b ! traces ( its volcanic "* are unmi/akable4 ,its crat] is a circul> pla9 ab\t half a mile 9 diamet] surr\nd$ by a d5sely wood$ precipit\s ridge4 ,z ! asc5t is cont9u$ ! woods give way to grass & rocks4 ,:ile !re is a di/9ct timb] l9e1 no sn[ l9e is atta9$4 ,at ! foot ( ! m\nta9 is ,el ,b\quette1 mu* e/eem$ by ! ,panamanians z a heal? resort4 ,?i!r g ,canal work]s :o1 n be+ p]mitt$ to rema9 on ! ,zone dur+ _! vacations1 wi% to avoid ! long voyage to ,nor? ,am]ican ports4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*iriqui ,,natives ,,9 ,,an ,,ox-,,c>t ,?is neighborhood is ! c5t] ( ! c(fee-gr[+ indu/ry :i* %\ld be pr(itable 9 ,panama if a heavy protective t>iff c\ld make x s4 ,b n ev5 en\gh ( ! fragrant b]ries are gr[n to supply home ne$s1 & ! indu/ry is z yet l>gely prosecut$ 9 an unsy/ematic & haphaz>d mann]4 ,x is claim$ t sample %ipm5ts ( c(fee br\ght high prices 9 ,new ,york1 b z yet n en\gh is gr[n to p]mit exportation4 ,cacao1 :i* ?rives1 is gr[n *iefly by ,engli% & ,g]man plant]s1 b z yet 9 a small way only4 ,cotton1 tobacco & fib] plants also gr[ readily 9 ?is region b are little cultivat$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,proclaim+ ,a ,,law ,,at ,,david ,!re be+ a de>? ( newspap]s & read]s1 new laws are promulgat$ by be+ read al\d ,a curi\s indu/ry ( ! ,*iriqui c\ntry1 n[ ne>ly ab&on$1 0 ! collection ( gold ornam5ts :i* ! ,guaymi ,indians =m]ly buri$ ) _! dead4 ,^! images sometimes 9 human =m1 m (t5 9 t ( a fi%1 sometimes l frogs & alligators1 jo9t$ & flexible1 7 at "o "t f\nd 9 great quantities & =m$ a conspicu\s feature ( ! ,panama curiosity %ops4 ,9 seek+ ^! ! hunt]s walk$ back & =? ov] ! gr\nds kn[n to be ,indian burial places1 tapp+ ! gr\nd ) rods4 ,:5 ! e>? gave =? a holl[ s\nd ! spade 0 resort$ to1 & usually a grave 0 uncov]$4 ,j>s :i* _h conta9$ w9e & food 7 usually f\nd 9 ! graves1 :i* 7 9 fact subt]ranean tombs c>efully built ) flat /ones4 ,! digg]s tell ( f9d+ skulls p]fectly pres]v$ app>5tly b :i* crumbl$ to pieces at a t\*4 ,evid5tly ! burial places :i* c be id5tifi$ ?r\gh local tradition h be5 ne>ly exhau/$1 = ! anci5t tr9kets _c long] be readily f\nd 9 ! ,panama %ops4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,cattle ,,range ,,ne> ,,david ,9 ,*iriqui prov9ce !re is mu* ( ?is op5 savanna or prairie l& bord]$ by ?ick jungle ,ano!r ,panamanian product :i* ! t\ri/s buy eag]ly b :i* is rapidly becom+ r>e is ! pe>l4 ,9 ! ,gulf ( ,panama are a gr\p ( isl&s :i* h be5 kn[n z ,las ,islas des ,p]las--! ,pe>l ,isl&s4 ,?is ar*ipelago is ab\t ?irty miles long1 ) sixte5 big isl&s & a quantity ( small ones1 & lies ab\t sixty miles s\? ( ,panama ,city4 ,balboa saw !m f ! %ore & int5d$ to visit !m b nev] did4 ,piz>ro /opp$ !re on 8 way to ,p]u & plund]$ !m to 8 he>t's cont5t4 ,o!rwise _! hi/ory has be5 unev5tful4 ,saboga on ! isl& ( ! same "n is a beautiful little tropical village ( ab\t #cjj huts1 on a high bluff bord]+ a bay t af=ds excell5t an*orage4 ,:ales are pl5tiful 9 ^! wat]s & ,pacific :al]s are (t5 se5 9 port4 ,san ,miguel1 ! l>ge/ t[n ( ! ar*ipelago1 is on ,rey ,isl& & has ab\t #ajjj inhabitants4 ,! t[] ( its old *ur* is ?ickly inlaid ) gli/5+1 pe>ly %ell4 ,illu/ration3 ,,despoil+ ,,old ,,guaymi ,,graves ,! pe>l fi%]ies h be5 ov]work$ = ye>s1 p]haps c5turies1 & beg9 to %[ signs ( be+ exhau/$4 ,nev]!less ! t\ri/ :o takes ! trip to ! isl&s f ! ,city ( ,panama w f9d himself beset by *ildr5 z he l&s (f]+ se$ pe>ls 9 quantities4 ,occasionally real b>ga9s may be _h f 8bea* comb]s0 n only at ,rey ,isl&1 b ev5 at ,taboga1 :]e ,i knew an ,am]ican visitor to pick up = elev5 doll>s ?ree pe>ls valu$ at t5 or twelve times z mu* :5 %[n 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re are /ories ( lucky f9ds among div]s t vie ) ! tales ( nuggets among gold prospectors4 ,once a native boy div+ = sport 9 "o ( ! *annels ne> ,naos ,isl& br\ght up an oy/] 9 :i* 0 a black pe>l t 0 sold 9 ,panama = #cjjj4 ,! report does n say h[ mu* ( ?is ! boy got1 b z ! pe>l 0 aft]w>d sold 9 ,p>is = #ab1jjj x is q evid5t t ! %>e ( ! middleman1 ( :om political economi/s j n[ talk s mu*1 0 heavy4 ,! ,panama pe>ls are sometimes ( beautiful colors1 gre51 pale blue & a delicate p9k4 ,on ! ,*iriqui coa/ a ye> or two ago a pe>l weigh+ ab\t =ty-two c>ats1 ab\t ! size & %ape ( a p>tridge egg1 gre5i% black at ! base & %ad+ to a /eel gray at ! tip1 0 f\nd4 ,x 0 sold 9 ,p>is = #ejjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,day',s ,,%oot+1 ,,game ,,mo/ly ,,monkeys ,x is a curi\s fact t ! use ( mussels f our we/]n riv]s is "o cause = ! decad5ce ( ! ,panama pe>l indu/ry4 ,= ye>s ! actual exp5se ( ma9ta9+ ^! fi%]ies 0 met by ! sale ( ! %ell = use 9 mak+ buttons & "m-(-pe>l ornam5ts4 ,! pe>ls repres5t$ ! pr(it ( ! ent]prise1 :i* 0 always !re=e m or less ( a gamble--b a game 9 :i* x 0 impossible to lose1 ?\gh ! w9n+s might be great or small accord+ to luck4 ,n[ t ! dem& = pe>l oy/] %ells has fall5 (f1 ow+ to ! competition ( mussels1 ! *ances 9 ! game are r aga9/ ! play] & ! sport langui%es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,s*ool ,,( ,,hat ,,mak+ ,illu/ration3 ,,beg9n+ ,a ,,panama ,,hat ,! au?orities ( ! ,republic are mak+ "s ef=t to e/abli% a sy/em ( indu/rial s*ools :i* may lead to ! full] utilization ( ! natural res\rces ( ! c\ntry4 ,e t\ri/ :o visits ! ,i/hmus is imm$iately taught by "o :o has be5 !re a day or two long] ?an he t ,panama hats are n made 9 ,panama4 ,?is seems to be ! mo/ preci\s in=mation t anyone on ! ,zone has to imp>t4 ,mo/ ( ! hats !re sold are inde$ made 9 ,ecuador & ! "n 8,panama0 0 fir/ atta*$ to !m ye>s ago1 because _! *ief m>ket 0 f\nd 9 ,panama ,city1 :5ce !y 7 di/ribut$ to m nor!rn c\ntries4 ,! palm ( :i* !y are made h[ev] gr[s g5]ally 9 ,panama & ! gov]nm5t has e/abli%$ 9 ! ,*iriqui prov9ce a s*ool 9 :i* native boys are taught ! art ( hat mak+4 ,9 ! ,national ,in/itute at ,panama ,city !re is also a gov]nm5t trades s*ool :]e boys are giv5 a ?ree ye>s' c\rse 9 ! elem5ts ( ! c>p5t]s' & ma*9i/s' trades4 ,inde$ ! rul]s ( ! ,republic1 :i* 0 s abruptly creat$1 des]ve great cr$it = ! /eps !y are tak+ = ! creation ( a g5]al sy/em ( public education1 bo? lit]>y & practical4 ,! s*ool sy/em is n yet on a p> ) t ( /ates ( long] exi/5ce1 nor w x 9 all probability ev] q con=m to m nor!rn ideas ( an educational e/abli%m5t4 ,= example1 ! ,national ,in/itute is clos$ to girls1 :o = _! high] education are limit$ to ! s*ools ma9ta9$ by ! *ur*4 ,a normal s*ool1 h[ev]1 9 :i* girls are prep>$ = tea*+ 9 ! prim>y grades is ma9ta9$ ) ab\t #abe /ud5ts4 ,! s*ool sy/em ( ,panama mu/ be reg>d$ m]ely z a nucleus f :i* a l>g] organism may gr[4 ,yet :5 "o recalls ! /ate ( society :i* has result$ f revolutions 9 o!r ,c5tral ,am]ican /ates1 "o is impell$ to a c]ta9 admiration = ! promptitude ) :i* ! m5 :o erect$ ! ,republic ( ,panama gave ?\ght to ! educational ne$s ( p4 ,!y 7 sudd5ly put 9 au?ority ov] an infant /ate :i* _h no debt1 b1 on ! contr>y1 possess$ a capital ( #aj1jjj1jjj equival5t to ab\t #cj = e man1 woman & *ild ( its population4 ,in/ead ( creat+ an army1 buy+ a navy & ?us wa/+ ! money on m]e milit>ism :i* appeals s /rongly to ! ,lat9-,am]ican m9d1 !y organiz$ a civil gov]nm5t1 equipp$ x ) ! necess>y build+s1 e/abli%$ a univ]sity & laid ! f\ndation ( a national sy/em ( education4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c(fee ,,plantation ,,at ,,b\quette ,! ?\ghtful travel] w conc$e to ! ,republic ( ,panama great natural res\rces & a mo/ happy entrance to ! family ( nations4 ,x is ! especial protg ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & "u ! wat*ful c>e ( its patron w be free f ! appreh5sion ( misuse1 revolution or invasion f )\t :i* has kept o!r ,c5tral ,am]ican gov]nm5ts 9 a con/ant /ate ( unre/4 ,ab\t ! int]national morality ( ! proce$+s :i* creat$ ! relations n[ exi/+ betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,panama p]haps ! lea/ said ! bett]4 ,b ev5 if we reprobate ! sale ( ,joseph by 8 bre?r51 9 ! scripture /ory1 we mu/ at lea/ admit t he did bett] 9 ,egypt ?an 9 8 fa!r's h\se & t ! protection & favor ( ! mighty ,ph>aoh 0 ( ! highe/ advantage to him1 & 9 "t to 8 unnatural bre?r5 z well4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"w ,,( ,,indian ,,/ud5ts ,,9 ,,! ,,national ,,in/itute ,at pres5t ! ,republic suff]s n only f its own *eck]$ pa/1 b f ! v>i$ fail+s ( its neighbors4 ,its monet>y sy/em af=ds "o illu/ration4 ,! highe/ co9 ( ! l& is ! peso1 a piece ! size ( our silv] doll> b circulat+ at a value ( fifty c5ts4 ,if a man %\ld want to pay a debt ( #ejj he w\ld h to deliv] #ajjj pesos unless he 0 possess$ ( a bank acc\nt & c\ld settle by *eck4 ,no pap] money is issu$4 8,:o w\ld take pap] money issu$ by a ,c5tral ,am]ican republic80 ask ! kn[+ ones scornfully :5 y inquire ab\t ?is seem+ lack 9 ! monet>y sy/em4 ,yet ! ,republic ( ,panama is ! mo/ solv5t ( nations1 hav+ no national debt & ) money 9 bank4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crat] ,,( ,,! ,,*iriqui ,,volcano ,probably ! "o ob/acle to ! progress ( ! ,republic to greatness is ! "o common to all tropical c\ntries on :i* ,b5jam9 ,kidd laid an un]r+ f+] :5 he ref]r$ to ! unwisdom ( long] p]mitt+ ! ri*es ( ! tropics to 8rema9 undevelop$ ) res\rces runn+ to wa/e "u ! managem5t ( races ( l[ social effici5cy04 ,! ,panamanian au?orities are mak+ app>5tly s9c]e endeavors to attract new settl]s ( great] effici5cy4 ,9 proportion to ! success t att5ds ! ef=ts ! future ( ,panama w be bright4 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,v5dor ,,( ,,fruit ,,& ,,pott]y ,l all tropical t[ns ,panama displays int]e/+ bits ( outdoor life 9 its /reet m>kets & v5dors4 ,! sidewalks are ! true %ops & almo/ ! homes ( ! p4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,! ,,indians ,,( ,,panama ,:ile t portion ( ! ,panama t]ritory t lies along ! bord] ( ,colombia kn[n z ! ,d>i5 is r ill-def9$ z to area & to b\nd>ies1 x is kn[n to be ri* 9 timb] & is believ$ to possess gold m9es ( great ri*ness4 ,b x is practically imp5etrable by ! :ite man4 ,?r\gh ?is c\ntry ,balboa l$ 8 =ce on 8 exp$ition to ! unkn[n ,pacific1 & 0 foll[$ by ! blood?ir/y ,p$r>ias :o br$ up 9 ! ,indians a hatr$ ( ! :ite man t has gr[n z ! ages pass$4 ,no exp$ition c ent] ?is region ev5 today except z an arm$ =ce ready to fight = ! "r ( passage4 ,9 #aghf ! ,spani>ds s\ght to subdue ! t]ritory1 built =ts on bo? ! ,atlantic & ,pacific coa/s & e/abli%$ a l9e ( trad+ po/s connect+ !m4 ,b ! ef=t fail$4 ,! po/s 7 ab&on$4 ,today ! :ite man :o tries to ent] ! ,d>i5 does s at ! risk ( 8 life4 ,9 #ahed a navy explor+ exp$ition ( tw5ty-sev5 m51 "u comm& ( ,lieut5ant ,isaac ,c4 ,/ra91 ent]$ ! jungle ( ! ,d>i5 at ,cal$onia ,bay1 on ! ,atlantic side1 ! site ( ,patt]son's ill-fat$ colony4 ,!y purpos$ cross+ ! ,i/hmus & mak+ a survey = a canal r\te1 z an ,engli% adv5tur] n long be=e _h ass]t$--falsely z x prov$--t he _h discov]$ a r\te by :i* a canal c\ld be built ) b ?ree or f\r miles ( cutt+4 ,! p>ty c>ri$ t5 days' provisions & =ty r\nds ( ball c>tridge p] man4 ,!y expect$ to h to trav]se ab\t =ty or fifty miles1 = :i* ! supply ( provisions seem$ :olly adequate4 ,b :5 !y _h cut _! way ?r\gh ! jungle1 wad$ ?r\gh swamps & climb$ hills until _! muscles 7 exhau/$ & _! clo?+ torn to tatt]s1 !y f\nd !mselves lo/ 9 ! v int]ior ( ! ,i/hmus ) all _! food gone4 ,di>ies kept by memb]s ( ! p>ty %[ t !y liv$ 9 con/ant t]ror ( ! ,indians4 ,b no attack 0 made ^u !m4 ,! inhabitants cont5t$ !mselves ) disappe>+ be=e ! :ite m5's advance1 sweep+ _! huts & fields cle> ( any sort ( food4 ,! jungle n its p f\ght ! invad]s4 ,= food !y _h ma9ly nuts ) a few birds & ! diet di/urb$ _! /oma*s1 caus$ sores & loos5$ _! tee?4 ,! bite ( a c]ta9 insect deposit$ "u ! sk9 a k9d ( l>va1 or worm1 :i* grew to ! l5g? ( an in* & caus$ ! mo/ frightful torm5ts4 ,despair+ ( gett+ 8 full p>ty out alive1 aft] !y _h be5 tw5ty-?ree days fight+ ) ! jungle1 ,/ra9 took ?ree m5 & pu%$ ahead to secure & s5d back relief4 ,x 0 ?irty-n9e days be=e ! m5 left beh9d saw him aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,trapp+ ,,an ,,aborig9e ,9 h\ses & clo?+ ! ,d>i5 ,indians are decid$ly primitive ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,village ,,on ,,panama ,,bay ,dea? came fa/ to ^? 9 ! jungle4 ,! agonies !y suff]$ f />vation1 exposure & insect pe/s baffle description4 8,truxton 9 ca/+ 8 eyes on ! gr\nd saw a toad01 wrote ! hi/orian4 8,in/antly snat*+ x up1 he bit (f ! head &1 spitt+ x away1 dev\r$ ! body4 ,maury look$ at him a mom5t1 & !n pick$ up ! reject$ head1 say+1 #8,well1 ,truxton1 y are gett+ q p>ticul>4 ,some?+ ( an epicure1 eh'8 ,) ^! words he quietly dev\r$ ! head himself40 ,n9e ( ! tw5ty-sev5 m5 :o ent]$ ! ,d>i5 ) ,/ra9 di$4 ,:5 ! lead] return$ ) ! relief p>ty !y 7 f\nd1 l ,greely at ,camp ,/>vation1 unable to move & sl[ly dy+4 ,^? :o reta9$ life nev] fully rega9$ /r5g?4 ,e condition :i* br\ght su* frightful disa/] ^u ! ,/ra9 p>ty exi/s 9 ! ,d>i5 today4 ,! ,indians are z ho/ile1 ! trails z fa9tly outl9$1 ! jungle z d5se1 ! insects z savage4 ,only along ! banks ( ! riv]s has civilization made "s little headway1 b ! ri*e/ gold field tw5ty miles back 9 ! int]ior is z safe f civiliz$ work+s z ?\gh x 7 wall$ 9 ) /eel & gu>d$ by dragons4 ,e speculative man y meet 9 ,panama w assure y t ! gold is !re b all agree t conditions mu/ be radically *ang$ be=e x c be gott5 out unless a regim5t & a subsi/5ce tra9 %all foll[ ! m9]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,riv] ,,l&+ ,,place ,! au?orities ( ,panama e/imate t !re are ab\t #cf1jjj tribal ,indians1 t is to say aborig9es1 /ill hold+ _! tribal organizations & ackn[l$g+ fealty to no o!r gov]nm5t n[ 9 ! ,i/hmus4 ,! e/imate is ( c\rse l>gely guesswork1 = few ( ! wild ,indians leave ! jungle & few] /ill ( ! c5sus enum]ators ent] x4 ,mo/ ( ^! ,indians live 9 ! m\nta9s ( ! prov9ces ( ,bocas del ,toro1 ,*iriqui & ,v]agua1 or 9 ! ,d>i54 ,_! tribes are _m & ! s\rces ( in=mation conc]n+ !m b few4 ,! mo/ accessible & complete record ( ! v>i\s tribes is 9 a pamphlet issu$ by ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 & n[ obta9able only ?r\gh public libr>ies1 z ! edition = di/ribution has be5 exhau/$4 ,! au?or1 ,miss ,eleanor ,yorke ,bell1 beside /udies made at fir/ h& has dilig5tly exam9$ ! au?orities on ! subject & has pres5t$ ! only consid]able treatise on ! subject ( :i* ,i h k4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,falls ,,at ,,*orr]a ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood1 ,und]wood ,,on ,,! ,,rio ,,gr&e ,( life among ! m civiliz$ natives %e says3 8,! natives ( ! ,i/hmus 9 g5]al1 ev5 9 ! l>g] t[ns1 live toge!r )\t any m>riage c]emony1 sep>at+ at w & divid+ ! *ildr54 ,z !re is little or no p]sonal prop]ty1 ?is is accompli%$ amicably z a rule1 ?\gh %\ld disputes arise ! alcalde ( ! di/rict is appeal$ to1 :o settles ! matt]4 ,?is in=mal sy/em is always /\tly def5d$ by ! wom51 ev5 m ?an by ! m51 =1 z among all p l[ 9 ! scale ( civilization1 x is g5]ally held t ! wom5 receive bett] treatm5t :5 n b\nd & !re=e free to dep>t at any "t4 ,rec5tly an ef=t has be5 made to br+ m ( ! inhabitants "u ! m>riage laws1 ) r amus+ results 9 _m in/ances4 ,! majority ( ! population is nom9ally ,ca?olic1 b ! tea*+s ( ! *ur* are only vaguely und]/ood1 & its practices consi/ 9 ! adoration ( a few batt]$ images ( sa9ts ^: p>ticul> degree ( sanctity is n ev5 guess$ at & :o1 :5 _! own]s are displeas$ ) !m1 receive r h>% treatm5t1 z ^! p h usually no real idea ( ,*ri/ianity beyond a few di/ort$ & sup]/iti\s beliefs4 ,aft] ! widespread surveys ( ! ,fr5* eng9e]s1 a s9c]e ef=t 0 made to re-,*ri/ianize ! inhabitants ( ! t[ns 9 ,d>i5 z well z else:]e1 =1 until ?is "t1 no?+ _h be5 done t[>d _! spiritual welf>e s9ce ! days ( ! e>ly ,jesuits4 ,9 ! la/ ?irty ye>s spasmodic ef=ts h be5 made to rea* ! p ) little result1 &1 except+ at ,p5onome1 ,david1 & ,santiago1 !re are few *ur*es :]e s]vices are held outside ( ,panama & ! t[ns along ! railroad4 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,spani% ,,*ur*1 ,,*orr]a 8,! *ief amusem5ts ( ! ,i/hmian are gambl+1 cock-fight+1 & danc+1 ! latt] assi/$ by ! music ( ! tom-tom & by dri$ beans rattl$ 9 a calaba%4 ,aft] fea/s or burials1 :5 mu* bad rum & :isky is consum$1 ! hil>ity keeps up all night & c be he>d = miles1 increas$ by ! incessant h[ls ( ! cur dogs ly+ "u e %ack4 ,seldom does an opportunity come to ! /rang] to witness ! really *>act]i/ic dances1 z ! natives d n c>e to p]=m be=e !m1 ?\gh a little money w sometimes "w wond]s4 ,occasionally1 _! danc+ is really rem>kably int]e/+1 :5 a l>ge am\nt ( pantomime ent]s into x & !y develop ! /ory ( "s primitive action1 z1 = in/ance1 ! draw+ ( ! wat]1 cutt+ ! wood1 mak+ ! fire1 cook+ ! food1 etc41 end+ 9 a bur/ ( song symboliz+ ! joys ( ! new prep>$ fea/4 ,9 an extremely crude =m x rem9ds "o ( ! old op]a ballets & seems to be a composite ( ! orig9al ,african & ! anci5t ,spani%1 :i* is v probably ! case4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,at ,,ancon 8,! ,ori5tals ( ! ,i/hmus des]ve a ^w 9 pass+4 ,!y are *iefly ,*9ese coolies & =m a l>ge "p ( ! small m]*ant class4 ,o!rs1 9 ! hill di/ricts1 cultivate l>ge truck g>d5s1 br++ _! produce sw++ ov] ! %\ld]s on poles to ! city m>kets4 ,_! h\ses & gr\nds are v attractive1 built ( re$ or bamboo 9 ! ea/]n fa%ion & m>k$ ev]y:]e by extreme neatness1 contra/+ s /rik+ly ) ! homes & surr\nd+s ( _! negro neighbors4 ,_m cultivate fields ( cane or rice z well1 & amid/ ! silv]y gre5s1 /ret*+ = "s di/ance1 ! qua9t blue figures ( ! workm5 9 _! huge hats make a *>m+ picture4 ,?r\gh ! rubb] sections ,*9ese #8middlem5' are ( late frequ5tly f\nd buy+ t valuable commodity = _! fell[ c\ntrym5 9 ,panama ,city1 :o are n[ do+ q a l>ge bus9ess 9 rubb]4 ,^! p live mu* z 9 _! native l&1 seldom le>n+ m ?an a few words ( ,spani% 7except ^? liv+ 9 ! t[ns71 & !y =m a v sub/antial & good elem5t ( ! population04 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,pe>l ,,isl& ,,village ,,( ,,saboga ,to enum]ate ev5 by names ! aborig9al tribes w\ld be t$i\s & unavail+4 ,among ! m notable are ! ,dora*o-,*angu9a1 ( ,*iriqui1 light ( color1 believ+ t ! ,great ,_s liv$ 9 ! volcano ( ,*iriqui1 & occasionally %[+ _! displeasure ) him by %oot+ arr[s at ! m\nta94 ,! ,guaymies1 ( :om p]haps #fjjj are left1 are ! tribe t buri$ ) _! dead ! curi\s gold5 images t 7 once pl5tiful 9 ! baza>s ( ,panama1 b are n[ h>d to f9d4 ,!y h a pleasant practice ( putt+ a calaba% ( wat] & "s planta9s by a man !y ?9k dy+ & leav+ him to 8 fate1 usually 9 "s lonesome "p ( ! jungle4 ,! ,cunas or ,c>ibs are ! tribes inhabit+ ! ,d>i54 ,all 71 & "s are1 believ$ /ill to be cannibals4 ,elev5 less] tribes are gr\p$ "u ?is g5]al "n4 ,z a rule !y are small & muscul>4 ,mo/ ( !m h ab&on$ _! anci5t gaudy dress1 & s f> z !y are clo!d at all we> ord9>y cotton clo?+4 ,pa9t+ ! face & body is /ill practic$4 ,! dead (t5 are swung 9 hammocks f trees & suppli$ ) fre% provisions until ! cords rot & ! body falls to ! gr\nd4 ,!n ! _s's j\rney to ! promis$ l& is held to be end$ & provisions are no long] ne$$4 ,sorc]y & soo?say+ are mu* 9 vogue1 & ! sorc]]s :o correspond to ! m$ic9e m5 ( our ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians w sometimes %ut !mselves up 9 a small hut %riek+1 beat+ tom-toms & imitat+ ! cries ( wild animals4 ,:5 !y em]ge 9 a sort ( self-hypnotiz$ /ate !y are held to be peculi>ly fit = prophesy+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,village ,,at ,,cap]a ,all ! ,indians dr9k heavily1 & ! :ite man's rum is to "s ext5t displac+ ! native dr9k ( *ica4 ,?is is manufactur$ by ! wom51 usually ! old ones1 :o sit 9 a circle *ew+ yam roots or cassava & expectorat+ ! saliva into a l>ge b[l 9 ! c5t]4 ,?is f]m5ts & is made ! basis ( a highly intoxicat+ dr9k4 ,curi\sly en\gh ! same dr9k is simil>ly made 9 f>-away ,samoa4 ,! dutiful wives aft] ?us manufactur+ ! mat]ial ^u :i* _! sp\ses get drunk complete _! s]vice by sw++ _! hammocks1 spr9kl+ !m ) cold wat] & fann+ !m z !y lie 9 a /upor4 ,smok+ is ano!r social cu/om1 b ! cig>s are m]e holl[ rolls ( tobacco & ! light$ end is held 9 ! m\?4 ,among "s ( ! tribes 9 ,comagre ! bodies ( ! caciques1 or *ief m51 7 pres]v$ aft] dea? by surr\nd+ !m ) a r+ ( fire built at a suffici5t di/ance to gradually dry ! body until sk9 & bone alone rema9$4 ,! ,indians ) :om ! visitor to ,panama mo/ frequ5tly comes into contact are ^? ( ! ,san ,blas or ,manzanillo c\ntry4 ,^! ,indians hov] curi\sly ab\t ! b\nds ( civilization1 & approa* )\t actually cross+ !m4 ,!y are fi%]m5 & sailors1 & _m ( _! "y m5 %ip on ! vessels t\*+ at ,colon1 &1 aft] visit+ ! *ief seaports ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ev5 ( ,france & ,engl&1 are swall[$ up aga9 9 _! tribe )\t affect+ its cu/oms to any appreciable degree4 ,if 9 _! w&]+s !y ga9 new ideas or new desires !y are n app>5t4 ,! man :o sil5tly (f]s y fi%1 fruits or vegetables f 8 cayuca on ! bea* at ,colon may h trod ! docks at ,havre or ,liv]pool1 ! levee at ,new ,orleans or w&]$ along ,s\? ,/reet 9 ,new ,york4 ,n a ^w ( t c y coax f him4 ,ev5 9 pr(f]+ 8 w>es he does s ) ! fewe/ possible words1 & an air ( l(ty indiff]5ce4 ,uncas ( ! ,lea!r-,/ock+ ,tales 0 no m sil5t & self-possess$ a r$-sk9 ?an he4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,a ,,*oco ,,indian ,,9 ,,full ,,co/ume ,8 cuffs are silv]2 8 head adorn$ ) fl[]s ,9 physiognomy ! ,san ,blas ,indians are heavy ( feature & /ocky ( frame4 ,_! color is d>k olive1 ) no trace ( ! negro app>5t1 = x has be5 _! unceas+ /udy = c5turies to reta9 _! racial purity4 ,_! features are regul> & pleas+ &1 among ! *ildr5 p>ticul>ly1 a high ord] ( beauty is (t5 f\nd4 ,to get a glimpse ( _! wom5 is almo/ impossible1 & a photograph ( "o is practically unkn[n4 ,if ov]tak5 on ! wat]1 to :i* !y (t5 resort 9 _! cayucas1 ! wom5 w wrap _! clo?+ ab\t _! faces1 r he$less ( :at o!r portions ( _! bodies may be expos$1 & make all spe$ = ! %ore4 ,^! wom5 pa9t _! faces 9 gl>+ colors1 we> nose r+s1 & always black5 _! tee? on be+ m>ri$4 ,among !m m pa9s is tak5 ) clo?+ ?an among mo/ ( ! savage ,indians1 _m ( _! g>m5ts be+ made ( a sort ( appliqu "w 9 gaudy colors1 ) figures1 (t5 9 repres5tation ( ! human =m1 cut out & inset 9 ! g>m5t4 ,s det]m9$ are ! m5 ( ?is tribe to ma9ta9 its blood unt>ni%$ by any admixture :atsoev]1 t !y long made x an inv>iable rule to expel e :ite man f _! t]ritory at nightfall4 ,( late ye>s !re has be5 a v slight relaxation ( ?is sev]ity4 ,dr4 ,h5ri ,pitti] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 "o ( ! be/-equipp$ sci5tific explor]s 9 ! tropics1 sev]al ( ^: photographs elucidate ?is volume1 has liv$ mu* among ! ,san ,blas & ! ,cuna-,cuna ,indians & won _! fri5d%ip4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"s ,,san ,,blas ,,girls ,! dresses are cov]$ ) elaborate designs 9 appliqu "w ,x 0 ! ance/ors ( ^! ,indians :o made welcome ,patt]son & 8 luckless ,scot*m51 & 9 ! #bjj ye>s t h elaps$ !y h clung to ! tradition ( fri5d%ip = ! ,briton & hatr$ = ! ,spani>d4 ,dr4 ,pitti] reports hav+ f\nd t ,que5 ,victoria occupi$ 9 _! villages ! position ( a patron sa9t1 & t !y refus$ to believe 8 ass]tion t %e 0 dead4 ,8 acc\nt ( ! attitude ( ^! ,indians t[>d outsid]s1 rec5tly pr9t$ 9 ! ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e1 is an au?oritative /atem5t on ! subject3 8,! (t5 circulat$ reports ( ! difficulty ( p5etrat+ into ! t]ritory ( ! ,cuna-,cuna are true only 9 "p01 he says4 8,! backwoods aborig9es1 9 ! valleys ( ! ,bayano & ,*ucunaque riv]s1 h n\ri%$ to ?is day _! hatr$ = all /rang]s1 especially ^? ( ,spani% blood4 ,t feel+ is n a reason$ "o3 x is ! in/9ctive di/ru/ ( ! savage = ! unkn[n or inexplicable1 int5sifi$ 9 ?is p>ticul> case by ! tradition ( a long s]ies ( wrongs at ! h&s ( ! hat$ ,spani>ds4 8,s !y feel t isolation is _! be/ policy1 & x w\ld n be safe = anybody to p5etrate into _! =e/s )\t a /rong escort & cont9ual wat*fulness4 ,_m in/ances ( murd]s1 "s confirm$ & o!rs only suspect$1 are on record1 & ev5 ! natives ( ! ,san ,blas coa/ are n a little afraid ( _! bro!rs ( ! m\nta9s4 8,( late1 h[ev]1 conditions seem to h bett]$1 ow+ to a m frequ5t int]c\rse ) ! surr\nd+ settlem5ts4 ,a negro ( ,la ,palma1 at ! m\? ( ! ,tuyra ,riv]1 told me ( 8 cross+1 "s "t ago1 f ! latt] place to ,*epo1 ?r\gh ! ,*ucunaque & ,bayano t]ritories1 ga!r+ rubb] z he w5t along ) 8 p>ty4 ,at ! headwat]s ( ! ,canaza ,riv] he & 8 companions 7 held up by ! #8bravos'1 :o cont5t$ !mselves ) tak+ away ! rubb] & "p ( ! equipm5t & !n let _! prison]s g ) ! w>n+ n to come aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ( ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,*ief ,,don ,,c>los ,,( ,,! ,,*ocoes ,,& ,,8 ,,son 8,! n>rative ( t exp$ition 0 supplem5t$ by ! reflection ( an old man among ! he>]s t tw5ty ye>s ago none ( ! p>ty w\ld h come out alive4 ,illu/ration3 ,c\rtesy ( ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,! ,,village ,,( ,,playon ,,gr&1 ,,eighty-,,five ,,miles ,,ea/ ,,( ,,! ,,canal ,! h\ses are ab\t #aej x #ej feet & ea* %elt]s #af to #bj families4 ,! memb]s ( ea* family h]d toge!r 9 a s+le room ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,nat'l ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,san ,,blas ,,woman ,,9 ,,daily ,,g>b 8,among ! ,san ,blas ,indians1 :o are at a f> high] level ( civilization1 ! exclusion ( ali5s is ! result ( well-f\nd$ political reasons4 ,_! respect$ traditions are a long record ( pr\d indep5d5ce2 !y h ma9ta9$ ! purity ( _! race & enjoy$ freely = hundr$s ( ye>s e in* ( _! t]ritory4 ,!y feel t ! day ! negro or ! :ite man acquires a foo?old 9 _! mid/ ^! privileges w become a ?+ ( ! pa/4 ,?is is :y1 )\t undue ho/ility to /rang]s1 !y disc\rage _! incursions4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,nat'l ,geographic ,magaz9e ,a ,,girl ,,( ,,! ,,*oco ,,tribe 8,_! means ( p]suasion are adju/$ to ! importance ( ! intrud]4 ,!y d n hesitate to %oot at any negro ( ! ne>by settlem5ts poa*+ on _! cocoanuts or o!r products2 ! trad] or any occasional visitor is v seldom all[$ to /ay a%ore at night2 ! adv5tur]s :o try to g prospect+ into ,indian t]ritory are inv>iably caught & %ipp$ back to ! next ,panamanian port04 ,among ! m5 ( ! ,san ,blas tribe ! l& held by _! p is reg>d$ z a sacr$ tru/1 bequea!d to !m by _! ance/ors & to be h&$ d[n by !m to ! remote/ po/]ity4 ,dur+ ! e>ly days ( ! ,canal project x 0 desir$ to dig s& f a bea* 9 ! ,san ,blas c\ntry4 ,a small ,unit$ ,/ates man-(-w> 0 s5t ?i!r to broa* ! subject to ! ,indians1 & ! ,capta9 held p>ley ) ! *ief4 ,aft] he>+ ! plea & all ! argum5ts & promises ) :i* x 0 /r5g!n$ ! old ,indian c\rte\sly refus$ ! privilege3 8,he :o made ?is l&01 said he1 8made x = ,cuna-,cuna :o live no long]1 = ^? :o are "h today & also = ! ones to come4 ,s x is n ours only & we c\ld n sell x04 ,to ?is decision ! tribe adh]$1 & ! wi%es ( ! aborig9es h be5 respect$4 ,x has be5 ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to avoid any possibility ( giv+ (f5se to ! native population ( ! ,i/hmus1 & ev5 a reque/ f ! *ief t ! w> vessel t br\ght ! negotiator on 8 fruitless err& %\ld leave 0 acc$$ to4 ,x is q unlikely1 h[ev]1 t ! ,indians w be able to ma9ta9 _! isolation mu* long]4 ,already !re are signs ( its break+ d[n4 ,:ile ,i 0 9 ,panama !y s5t a reque/ t a mission>y1 a woman x is true1 :o _h be5 mu* among !m1 %\ld come & live ) !m p]man5tly4 ,!y also express$ a desire t %e %\ld br+ h] melodeon1 ?us giv+ new illu/ration to ! poetic adage1 8,music ha? *>ms to soo! ! savage brea/04 ,p]haps ! phonograph may 9 "t prove ! op5 sesame to _m savage bosoms4 ,among ?is p x is ! wom5 :o cl+ mo/ t5aci\sly to ! primitive cu/oms1 z might be expect$1 s9ce !y h be5 s assidu\sly gu>d$ aga9/ ! wiles ( ! _w4 ,b ,ca?olic mission>ies h made "s headway 9 ! c\ntry1 & at ,n>gan s*ools = girls h be5 op5$ "u auspices ( ! *ur*4 ,x is probably due to ! fem99e influ5ce t ! ,san ,blas m5 return s unfail+ly to primitive cu/oms aft] ! voyages t h made !m famili> ) civilization4 ,if ! wom5 yield to ! desire = novelty ! spl5did isolation ( ! ,san ,blas w n long endure4 ,p]haps t w\ld be un=tunate1 = all o!r primitive peoples :o h surr5d]$ to ! wiles ( ! :ite m5 h suff]$ & disappe>$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,daught] ,,( ,,*ief ,,don ,,c>los ,?is "y girl is m]ry1 plump & fond ( f+] r+s ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,bridge ,,ov] ,,! ,,cald]a ,,riv] ,9 _! pres5t /ate ! ,san ,blas are relatively ri*4 ,all ! l& belongs to all ! p--t is :y ! old *ief decl9$ to sell ! s&y bea*4 ,!re is a sort ( private prop]ty 9 improvem5ts4 ,a banana plantation1 a cocoanut grove or an orange tree plant$ & c>$ =1 becomes a positive possession h&$ d[n to desc5dants ( ! own] ?r\gh ! female l9e4 ,p]haps "o reason = keep+ ! wom5 s %ut (f f ! _w is t !y are ! real own]s ( all individual prop]ty4 ,own]%ip does n1 h[ev]1 atta* to trees or plants gr[+ wild2 !y are z mu* communal z ! l&4 ,s ! vegetable ivory1 balata & cocoanuts :i* =m ! m>ketable products are ga!r$ by :omsoev] may take ! tr\ble4 ,l& t has be5 till$ belongs to ! "o :o improv$ x4 ,if he let x lapse into wild]ness x rev]ts to ! community4 ,! ,san ,blas ,indians h ! ess5ce ( ! s+le tax !ory )\t ! tax4 ,!y h a hazily def9$ religi\s sy/em1 & h curi\sly rev]s$ ! position held by _! prie/s or sorc]]s4 ,^! influ5tial p]sons are n repres5tatives ( ! _s ( good1 b ( ! bad _s4 ,v logically ! ,san ,blas savages hold t any "o may repres5t ! good _s by be+ himself good1 & t ! unsupport$ pray]s ( su* a "o are sure to be he>d4 ,b to rea* ! devil1 to induce t malici\s practition] ( evil to re/ f 8 p]secutions & to ab&on ! pursuit ( ! un=tunate1 x is desirable to h z int]m$i>y "s "o :o possesses 8 confid5ce & high reg>d4 ,h5ce ! /rong position ( ! sorc]]s 9 ! villages4 ,! p def] to !m on ! pr9ciple t x is well to make fri5ds ) 8! ,mammon ( ,unrighte\sness04 ,polygamy is p]mitt$ among ^! ,indians1 b little practic$4 ,ev5 ! *iefs ^: high e/ate gives !m ! "r to m ?an "o wife seldom avail !mselves ( ! privilege4 ,! wom51 z 9 mo/ primitive tribes1 are ! hew]s ( wood & draw]s ( wat]4 ,dress is r a m s]i\s matt] ) !m ?an among "s ( ! o!r ,indians1 ! ,*ocoes = example4 ,!y we> z a rule bl\ses & two skirts1 :]e o!r d5iz5s ( ! ,d>i5 disp5se ) clo?+ above ! wai/ altoge!r4 ,_! hair is usually kept %ort4 ,! nose r+ is look$ ^u z indisp5sable1 & o!r ornam5ts ( bo? gold & silv] are worn by bo? sexes4 ,am]icans :o h _h mu* to d ) ! ,indians ( ! ,d>i5 always comm5t on ! extreme retic5ce %[n by !m 9 speak+ ( _! gold5 ornam5ts1 or ! spot :5ce !y 7 obta9$4 ,x is z ?\gh vague traditions _h kept alive ! /ory ( ! pe/il5ce ( fire & sword :i* ravag$ _! l& :5 ! ,spani>ds swept ov] x 9 se>* ( ! yell[ metal4 ,gold is 9 ! ,d>i5 9 pl5ty4 ,ev]ybody kn[s t1 & ! "o or two m9es ne> ! riv]s n[ be+ work$ af=d suffici5t pro( t ! region is aurif]\s4 ,b no ,indian w tell ( ! exi/5ce ( ^! m9es1 nor w any guide a :ite man to ! spot :]e x is rumor$ gold is to be f\nd4 ,seem+ly in]adicably fix$ 9 ! inn] consci\sness ( ! ,indian is ! conviction t ! :ite man's lu/ = ! yell[ metal is ! greate/ m5ace t confronts ! well-be+ ( himself & 8 p4 ,! ,san ,blas are decid$ly a t[n-dwell+ tribe4 ,!y seem to hate solitude & ev5 today1 9 _! comp>atively r$uc$ /ate1 build villages ( a size t make und]/&able ,balboa's records ( ! size & /ate ( ! *ief ) :om he fir/ f\ght1 & !n made fri5ds4 ,at ,n>gan are two l>ge isl&s1 fairly cov]$ ) spaci\s h\ses ab\t #aej feet long by #ej broad4 ,! ridge pole ( ! palm-?at*$ ro( is #cj to #dj feet f ! gr\nd4 ,a long corridor runs ?r\gh ! h\se longitud9ally1 & on ei!r side ! space is divid$ by upright po/s into squ>e comp>tm5ts1 ea* ( :i* is suppos$ to h\se an entire family4 ,! side walls are made ( wattl$ re$s cak$ ) clay4 ,"o ( ^! h\ses holds f sixte5 to tw5ty families1 & ! edifices are pack$ s closely toge!r z to leave sc>ce room betwe5 = a razor-back hog to br[se4 ,! p )9 mu/ be pack$ ab\t z closely & ! precise p>5tal relation%ip su/a9$ to ea* o!r by ! v>i\s memb]s ( ! family w\ld be an int]e/+ /udy4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,guaymi ,,indian ,,man ,note ! tatto$ m>k+ ( face & ! negroid lips ,! ,*oco ,indians are "o ( ! small] & lea/ kn[n tribes ( ! ,d>i54 ,pr(4 ,pitti]--:o may )\t disrespect be describ$ z ! mo/ season$ 8tropical tramp0 ( all ,c5tral ,am]ica--describ$ !m s vividly t extracts f 8 article 9 ! ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e w be ( int]e/3 8,nev]1 9 our tw5ty-five ye>s ( tropical exp]i5ce1 h we met ) su* a sun-lov+1 bright & tru/+ p1 liv+ ne>e/ to nature & ignor+ ! mo/ elem5t>y wiles ( s-call$ civilization4 ,!y are sev]al hundr$ 9 numb] & _! dwell+s are scatt]$ along ! me&r\s ,sambu & its ma9 rea*es1 always at %ort di/ance1 b nev] ne> en\gh to ea* o!r to =m real villages4 ,l _! h\ses1 _! small plantations are close to ! riv]1 b mo/ly f> en\gh to escape ! eye ( ! casual pass]-by4 8,dug\ts drawn up on ! bea* & a n>r[ trail break+ ! re$ wall at ! edge ( ! bank are ! only visible signs ( human pres5ce1 except at ! morn+ h\rs & ne> sunset1 :5 a cr[d ( wom5 & *ildr5 w be se5 play+ 9 ! wat]1 & ! m51 arm$ ) _! b[s & long h>poon$ arr[s1 scrut9iz+ ! deep] places = fi% or look+ = iguanas & crabs hidd5 9 ! holes ( ! banks4 8,physically ! ,*ocoes are a f9e & heal?y race4 ,!y are tall1 z comp>$ ) ! ,cuna-,cuna1 well proportion$1 & ) a graceful be>+4 ,! m5 h wiry limbs & faces t are at once k9d & en]getic1 :ile z a rule ! girls are plump1 fat1 & full ( mis*ief4 ,! gr[n wom5 pres]ve _! good looks & attractiv5ess mu* long] ?an is g5]ally ! case 9 primitive peoples1 9 :i* _! sex be>s ! heavie/ %>e ( e day's "w4 8,bo? males & females h unusually f9e :ite tee?1 :i* !y sometimes dye black by *ew+ ! %oots ( "o ( ! num]\s wild pepp]s gr[+ 9 ! =e/s4 ,! sk9 is ( a ri* olive-br[n color &1 z usual1 a little light] 9 wom5 & *ildr54 ,?\gh all g almo/ nak$1 !y look fair] ?an ! ,san ,blas ,cunas1 & "s ( ! wom5 w\ld comp>e advantage\sly 9 ?is respect ) c]ta9 ,m$it]ranean types ( ! :ite race4 8,! hair is left by all to gr[ to its natural l5g?1 except 9 a few cases1 9 :i* ! m5 h x cropp$ at ! neck4 ,x is co>se & n jet black1 z report$ ( mo/ ,indians1 b ) a r$di% hue1 :i* is bett] notic$ :5 ! sun is play+ ?r\gh ! ?ick mass4 8,9 "y *ildr5 x decid$ly turns at times to a blond color1 ! only diff]5ce f ! ,caucasian hair be+ ! pron\nc$ co>s5ess ( ! =m]4 ,z !re are no :ite p liv+ )9 a radius ( fifty miles1 b only negroes1 mulattoes & zambos1 ?is peculi>ity _c be expla9$ by misceg5ation1 & may !re=e be consid]$ z a racial feature ( ! ,*oco tribe4 8,9 m5 ! e-day dress consi/s ( a scanty cl\t1 made ( a /rip ( r$ calico ab\t "o foot broad & five feet long4 ,?is cl\t is pass$ 9 front & back ( ! body ov] a /r+ ti$ ar\nd ! hips1 ! =w>d extremity be+ left long] & fl[+ l an apron4 ,on fea/ days ! /r+ is replac$ by a broad b& ( :ite beads4 ,ar\nd ! neck & *e/ !y we> ?ick cords ( ! same beads & on _! wri/s broad silv] cuffs4 ,hats are n us$2 ! hair is usually ti$ ) a r$ ribbon & (t5 adorn$ ) ! bright fl[]s ( ! =e/4 8,! female outfit is n less simple1 consi/+ ( a piece ( calico less ?an ?ree feet wide & ab\t n9e feet long1 wrapp$ ar\nd ! l[] "p ( ! body & rea*+ a little bel[ ! knees4 ,?is is all1 except t ! neck is m or less load$ ) beads or silv] co9s4 ,b = ?is ! wom5 display less coquetry ?an ! m51 :i* may be because !y feel suffici5tly adorn$ ) _! m]e natural *>ms4 ,fondness = *eap r+s is1 h[ev]1 common to bo? sexes1 & little *ildr5 (t5 we> e>r+s or p5dants4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,indian ,,girl ,,( ,,! ,,d>i5 8,! scant9ess ( ! clo?+ is rem$i$ v effectually by face & body pa9t+1 9 :i* black & r$ colors are us$1 ! fir/ exclusively = daily we>4 ,at times m5 & wom5 are pa9t$ black f ! wai/ d[n2 at o!r times x is ! :ole body or only ! h&s & feet1 etc41 all accord+ to ! day's fa%ion1 z 0 expla9$ by "o ( our guides4 ,= fea/ days ! pa9t+s are an elaborate & arti/ic affair1 consi/+ ( elegantly drawn l9es & patt]ns--r$ & black or simply black--:i* clo! ! body z effectually z any co/ly dress4 8,f ! above "o might conclude t cleanl9ess & mode/y are n ! rule among ! ,*ocos4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! fir/ ?+ !y d 9 ! morn+ is to jump into ! ne>-by riv]1 & ^! ablutions are repeat$ sev]al times 9 ! c\rse ( ! day4 8,! kit*5 ut5sils are always ?or\ghly wa%$ be=e us+1 &1 contr>y to our =m] exp]i5ce1 _! simple di%es1 prep>$ mo/ly 9 our pres5ce1 look$ almo/ always invit+4 ,dur+ our /ay among ^! good p no?+ 0 notic$ t w\ld hurt ! mo/ delicate s5se ( dec5cy4 8,! ,*ocoes seem to be exclusively monogami/1 & bo? p>5ts surr\nd _! babies ) t5d] c>e1 be+ m9dful1 h[ev]1 to prep>e !m e>ly = ! h>d & /ruggl+ life ahead ( !m4 ,small b[s & arr[s1 dext]\sly h&l$ by t9y h&s1 are ! favorite toys ( ! boys1 :ile ! girls sp5d m "t 9 ! wat] play+ ) m9iature dug\ts1 wa%+1 & swimm+4 ,! only dolls se5 among !m 7 import$ ones1 & !y seem$ to be z mu* 9 favor among gr[n wom5 z among *ildr54 ,^! latt] g nak$ until !y are ab\t five ye>s old1 :5 ! girls receive a l>ge h&k]*ief to be us$ z a #8p>uma'1 or skirt1 & ! boys a /rip ( "s old mat]nal dress = an #8antia' or cl\t4 8,! ,*ocoes are v indu/ri\s4 ,dur+ ! dry spells _! life1 ( c\rse1 is an out-(-door "o1 plant+ & wat*+ _! crops1 hunt+1 fi%+ & canoe+4 ,b :5 ! heavy ra9s come !y /ay at home1 weav+ baskets ( all k9ds--a "w 9 :i* ! wom5 are pr(ici5t--mak+ ropes & hammocks1 c>v+ di%es1 mort>s1 /ools1 & o!r objects out ( tree trunks04 ,9 ! c\ntry :i* w be trav]s$ by ! ,panama-,david ,railroad are f\nd ! ,guaymies1 ! only primitive p liv+ 9 l>ge numb]s outside ! ,d>i54 ,!re are ab\t #ejjj ( !m1 liv+ = ! mo/ "p 9 ! valley ( ,mir&o :i* lies high up 9 ! ,cordill]as1 & 9 a region cut (f f ! pla9s4 ,"h !y h successfully def5d$ _! indep5d5ce aga9/ ! assaults ( bo? :ites & blacks4 ,to rema9 9 _! c\ntry )\t cons5t ( ! ,great ,*ief is practically impossible1 = !y are savage fight]s & 9 e>li] days x 0 r>e to see a man ^: body 0 n cov]$ ) sc>s4 ,x is app>5t t 9 "s ways progress has de/roy$ _! indu/ries & made ! p less r ?an m civiliz$1 = !y n[ buy clo?1 arms1 tools1 & ut5sils :i* !y 7 once able to make4 ,at "o "t !y 7 mu* "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,ca?olic mission>ies1 b ( late mission "w has langui%$ 9 wild ,panama & p]haps ! *ief relic ( t e>li] religi\s influ5ce is ! fact t ! wom5 g clo!d 9 a s+le g>m5t4 ,?is simple raim5t1 n ne$$ = w>m?1 seems to be priz$1 = if caught 9 a ra9/orm ! wom5 w quickly /rip (f _! clo?+1 wrap x 9 a l>ge banana or palm leaf t x may n get wet1 & cont9ue _! "w1 or _! play1 9 nature's g>b4 ,x is said1 too1 t :5 /rang]s are n ne> clo!s are nev] ?\ght (4 ,! m5 foll[ a l cu/om1 & inv>iably :5 pursu+ a qu>ry /rip (f _! tr\s]s1 ty+ _! %irts ab\t _! lo9s4 ,tr\s]s seem to imp$e _! movem5ts1 & if a lone travel] 9 ,*iriqui comes on a r[ ( blue cotton tr\s]s ti$ to ! bu%es he may be sure t a b& ( ,guaymies is some:]e 9 ! neighborhood pursu+ an ant be> or a de]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,*oco ,,indian ,,( ,,sambu ,,valley ,silv] beads ab\t 8 neck & leg4 ,face pa9t$ 9 gl>+ colors ,z a rule ^! ,indians--m5 or wom5--are n pleas+ to ! eye4 ,! lips are ?ick1 ! nose flat & broad1 ! hair co>se & always jet black4 ,yet ! *ildr5 are n infrequ5tly really beautiful4 ,any travel] 9 ,panama :o =sakes ! beat5 track up & d[n ! ,canal ,zone w be impress$ by ! wide ext5t to :i* beauty is f\nd among ! *ildr51 :atev] _! race or comb9ation ( races4 ,b ! *>m soon fades4 ,x is seldom t "o sees a mature woman :o is attractive to ,caucasian eyes4 ,among ! wom5 ( ! ,guaymies face pa9t+ is practic$ only on great occasions1 black1 r$ & :ite be+ ! usual colors4 ,! m5 g pa9t$ at all times1 ! inv>iable patt]n be+ a sort ( inv]t$ ,v1 ) ! apex betwe5 ! eyes1 & ! two arms ext5d+ to po9ts1 half an in* or s f ! corn]s ( ! m\?4 ,! lips are color$ to make !m seem ?ick] ?an normal1 & heavy %ad[s are pa9t$ 9 "u ! eyes4 ,among "s tribes ! weal? ( a man is reckon$ by ! numb] ( 8 cattle2 among ! ,guaymies by ! numb] ( 8 wives4 ,= ?is reason1 p]haps1 ! atta9m5t ( m>riageable age is an occasion ( mu* fe/ivity = *ildr5 ( bo? sexes4 ,! boy is expos$ to te/s ( 8 manly & w>-l qualities1 &1 9 company ) 8 fell[s ( equal age1 is tak5 by ! wisem5 ( ! tribe into ! solitude ( ! =e/ t by p]=m+ tasks assign$ to him he may prove himself a man4 ,!re1 too1 !y le>n f ! eld]s1 :o g mask$ & cr[n$ ) wrea?s1 ! traditions ( _! tribes told 9 rude *ants l ! ,norse sagas4 ,until ?is c]emony has be5 fulfill$ ! y\? has no "n :atsoev]4 ,aft] x he is nam$ & celebrates 8 fir/ bir?day4 ,! c]emonies 9 :i* ! girls play ! *ief "p are less elaborate1 b "o w\ld ?9k r pa9ful1 s9ce !y include ! break+ ( a front too? 9 sign t !y are ready = m>riage4 ,!y m>ry "y & mo!rs at twelve ye>s are n uncommon4 ,once a ye> ! ,guaymies h a great tribal fea/--8balc]ia0 ! ,spani>ds call x4 ,^w is s5t to all outly+ huts & villages by a my/ic symbol ( knott$ rags1 :i* is also ti$ to ! bran*es ( ! trees along ! m frequ5t$ trails4 ,on ! appo9t$ day sev]al hundr$ w ga!r on ! banks ( "s riv] 9 :i* a g5]al ba? is tak51 ) mu* frolick+ & horseplay4 ,!n ! wom5 employ sev]al h\rs 9 pa9t+ ! m5 ) r$ & blue colors1 foll[+ ! figures /ill to be se5 on ! old pott]y1 aft] :i* ! m5 g>b !mselves unc\?ly 9 b>k or 9 pelts l *ildr5 8dress+ up0 = a frolic4 ,at night is a curi\s c]emonial dance & game call$ balsa1 9 :i* ! ,indians /rike ea* o!r ) heavy /icks1 & are knock$ d[n amid ! pile ( brok5 b\ghs4 ,! music--if x c\ld be s call$--! incantations ( ! wisem51 ! fr5zy ( ! danc]s1 all comb9e to produce a sort ( self-hypnotism1 dur+ :i* ! ,indians feel no pa9 f injuries :i* a day lat] (t5 prove to be v s]i\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,panamanian ,,fa!r ,,& ,,*ild ,!re are a multitude ( di/9ct ,indian tribes on ! ,i/hmus1 ea* ) its own tribal gov]nm5t1 its di/9ctive cu/oms & its allott$ t]ritory1 ?\gh b\nd>ies are1 ( c\rse1 exce$+ly vague & ! t]ritories ov]lap4 ,! ,smi?sonian pamphlet enum]ates #ba su* tribes 9 ! ,d>i5 region alone4 ,b !re seems to be among !m no su* condition ( cont9ual tribal w>f>e z exi/$ betwe5 our ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians z long z !y surviv$ 9 any consid]able numb]s ! aggressions ( ! :ite settl]s4 ,x is true t ! hi/orian ( ,balboa's exp$ition records t ! great lead] 0 bes\ght by *iefta9s to assi/ !m 9 _! affrays ) rival tribes1 & made m ?an "o alliance by giv+ su* assi/ance4 ,b ! lat] atrocities p]petrat$ by ! ,spani>ds seem to h _h ! effect ( unit+ ! ,indians 9 a tacit peaceful bond aga9/ ! :ites4 ,picturesque & graphic z are ! writ+s ( m5 l ,esquemel+1 ! ,fray d',aco/a & ,waf]1 :o saw ! ,indians 9 ! days ( _! e>lie/ exp]i5ce ) ! sort ( civilization t ,p$r>ias & ,piz>ro br\ght to _! villages1 !y d n be> m conv9c+ evid5ce ( ! savag]y ( ! invad]s1 ?an is af=d$ by ! sull5 alo(ness ) :i* ! ,d>i5 ,indians ( today reg>d :ite m5 ( any race4 ,m ?an ! ?ird & f\r? g5]ation h pass$ away b ! s9s ( ! ,spani>ds are /ill recall$ among a p :o h no writt5 records :atsoev]1 & ! memory or tradition causes !m to )hold _! fri5d%ip f ! remote/ desc5dants ( ! hi/oric oppressors4 ,!re seems to h be5 no writt5 language1 nor ev5 any sy/em ( hi]oglyphics among ! tribes ( ,panama1 a fact t places !m f> bel[ our ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians 9 ! scale ( m5tal developm5t4 ,on ! o!r h& 9 weav+ & 9 fa%ion+ articles = dome/ic use !y 7 9 advance ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican aborig9es4 ,_! dome/ic ar*itecture 0 m sub/antial1 & !y 7 less nomadic1 ! latt] fact be+ probably due to ! slight enc\ragem5t giv5 to w&]+ by ! jungle4 ,! great h\ses ( ! ,san ,blas ,indians 9 _! villages recall ! 8,long h\ses0 ( ! ,iroquois z describ$ by ,p>kman4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,*oco ,,indian ,,9 ,,e-,,day ,,dress ,?us f> :at we call civilization has dealt less h>%ly ) ! ,indians ( ! ,i/hmus ?an ) our own4 ,!y h at lea/ surviv$ x & kept a great "p ( _! t]ritory = _! own4 ,! 8squaw-man0 :o figures s l>gely 9 our own s\?we/]n ,indian c\ntry is unkn[n !re4 ,unque/ionably dur+ ! fev]i% days ( ! ,spani>ds' hunt = gold ! tribes 7 frightfully ?9n$ out1 & ev5 today sections ( ! c\ntry :i* writ]s ( ,balboa's "t describe z ?ickly populat$ are des]t & unt5ant$4 ,yet mu* l& is /ill held by its aborig9al own]s1 & unless ! op]ation ( ! ,canal %all turn ,am]ican settlem5t t way w cont9ue s to be held4 ,! ,panamanian has n ! en]gy to dislodge ! ,indians nor to till _! l&s if he %\ld possess !m4 ,_m /udies ( ! ,panama ,indians z a body1 or ( isolat$ tribes1 h be5 made by explor]s or sci5ti/s1 & ma9ly by ,fr5* or ,spani% /ud5ts4 ,! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution catalogues =ty-sev5 publications deal+ ) ! subject4 ,b !re is an imm5se m9e ( an?ropological in=mation yet to be work$ 9 ! ,i/hmus4 ,x is n to be acquir$ readily or )\t heavy exp5diture ( en]gy1 pati5ce & money4 ,a ?or\ghly sci5tific explor+ exp$ition to unravel ! riddle ( ! ,d>i51 to c\nt & describe ! ,indian tribes ( ! ,i/hmus1 & to record & au!nticate traditions dat+ back to ! ,spani% days1 w\ld be well wor? ! :ile ( a geographical society1 a univ]sity or "s patron ( explor+ ent]prises4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,social ,,life ,,on ,,! ,,canal ,,zone ,f ocean to ocean ! t]ritory :i* is call$ ! ,canal ,zone is ab\t =ty-?ree miles long1 t5 miles wide & conta9s ab\t #dcf squ>e miles1 ab\t n9ety-five ( :i* are "u ! wat]s ( ! ,canal1 & ,miraflores & ,gatun ,lakes4 ,x is b\nd$ on ! nor? by ! ,c>ibbean ,sea1 on ! s\? by ! ,pacific ,ocean1 & on ! ea/ & we/ by ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,x trav]ses ! n>r[e/ "p ( ,panama1 ! wai/ s to speak1 & has be5 tak5 out ( t body politic by ! diplomatic surgeons z neatly z ?\gh x _h be5 an obnoxi\s v]mi=m app5dix4 ,its t]ritory does n t]m9ate at l[ wat]-m>k1 b ext5ds ?ree m>9e miles out to sea1 &1 z ,i write1 a "q ( jurisdiction has aris5 betwe5 ! two ,republics--h>dly tw9 ,republics--( ,panama & ! ,unit$ ,/ates conc]n+ jurisdiction ov] ?ree malefactors captur$ by ! ,zone police 9 a motor boat out at sea4 ,x may be not$ 9 pass+ t ,panama is prop]ly t5aci\s ( its rights & dignity1 & t cases ( conflict+ jurisdiction are cont9ually aris+ :5 any (f5d] has only to foot x a mile or two to be out ( ! t]ritory 9 :i* 8 (f5se 0 committ$4 ,! police (ficials ( ! ,zone affect to ?9k t ! ,panama au?orities are incl9$ to deal lightly ) native (f5d]s :o commit robb]y or murd] on ! ,zone & !n /roll across ! l9e to be arre/$ 9 _! native ,/ate4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,squad ,,( ,,canal ,,zone ,,police ,,(fic]s ,!re 0 a qu>rel on :ile ,i 0 on ! ,zone ov] ! cu/ody ( a ,panamanian :o kill$ 8 wife1 ) att5dant circum/ances ( peculi> brutality1 & !n balk$ ! v5geance ( ! ,zone crim9al au?orities by gett+ himself arre/$ 9 ,panama4 8,we want to %[ ^! fell[s01 rem>k$ a high police (ficial ( ! ,zone1 8t if !y d murd] 9 our t]ritory we are go+ to d ! hang+04 ,t seem$ a laudable purpose--t is if hang+ is ev] laudable--b ! ,panama (ficials are q z det]m9$ to keep ! :eels ( _! crim9al law mov+4 ,! proprietors ( ma*9es l to see !m run--:i* is "o ( ! reasons :y too _m battle%ips are n good = a nation4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,primitive ,,sug> ,,mill ,to return1 h[ev]1 to ! /ati/ics ( ! ,zone4 ,its population is %ift+1 ( c\rse1 & v>ies some:at 9 its size accord+ to ! ext5t to :i* labor is 9 dem&4 ,! completion ( a "p ( ! "w occasionally r$uces ! =ce4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #aiab1 ! total population ( ! ,zone1 accord+ to ! (ficial c5sus1 0 #fb1haj2 at ! same "t1 by ! same au?ority1 !re 7 employ$ by ! ,canal ,commission & ! ,panama ,railroad #cf1fjj m54 ,^! figures emphasize ! fact t ! work+ =ce on ! ,zone is made up ma9ly ( unm>ri$ m51 = a work+ population ( #cf1fjj w\ld1 "u ! conditions exi/+ 9 ! ord9>y ,am]ican community1 give a population ( well ov] #ajj1jjj4 ,?\gh /ati/ics are n on h&1 & w\ld probably be impossible to compile among ! =eign labor]s1 x is probable t n m ?an "o man 9 f\r on ! ,zone is m>ri$4 ,f ?is situation x results t ! av]age maid5 :o visits ! ,zone = a brief holiday goes ru%+ home to get h] tr\sseau ready be=e "s "y eng9e]'s next annual vacation %all give him "t to g l a "y ,lo*9v> 9 se>* ( 8 bride4 ,inde$1 ! life ( ! ,zone = _m reasons has be5 s+ul>ly conducive to matrimony1 & z a game pres]ve = ! excit+ sport ( husb&-hunt+1 x has be5 unexcell$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,v9e-,,clad ,,family ,,qu>t]s ,illu/ration3 ,,qu>t]s ,,( ,a ,,ba*elor ,,tea*] ,p]haps x may be z well to turn aside f ! ord]ly & in=mative discussion ( ! /ati/ics ( ! ,zone to exp& a little fur!r "h ^u ! rem>kable matrimonial ph5om5a x pres5t$ 9 its halcyon days--= x mu/ be rememb]$ t ev5 z ,i am writ+1 t society1 :i* ,i f\nd s hospitable & s admirable1 has begun to dis9tegrate4 ,m>riage1 x mu/ be admitt$1 is a some:at cosmopolitan passion4 ,x attacks spiggotty & gr+o alike4 ,9 an e>li] *apt] ,i h describ$ h[ ! l[ co/ ( liv+ enabl$ ,miguel ( ! ,*agres c\ntry to set up a home ( 8 own4 ,let u consid] h[ ! b5evol5t arrangem5ts made by ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission impell$ a typical ,am]ican boy to ! same /ep4 ,probably x 0 m a desire = exp]i5ce & adv5ture ?an any idea ( increas$ f9ancial returns t l$ "y ,jack ,maxon to seek a job 9 eng9e]+ on ! ,canal4 ,graduat$ f ! eng9e]+ dep>tm5t ( a ,/ate univ]sity1 ) two ye>s or s ( active exp]i5ce 9 ! field1 ,jack 0 a fair type ( "y ,am]ican--clean1 :olesome1 heal?y1 te*nically tra9$1 ambiti\s = 8 future b q soliciti\s ab\t ! pleasures ( ! pres5t1 z becomes a y\? ( tw5ty-?ree4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ma9 ,,/reet ,,at ,,gorgona ,! job he obta9$ seem$ at ! outset q ideal4 ,9 ! ,/ates he c\ld e>n ab\t #bbe a mon?4 ,! day he took 8 numb] on ! ,canal ,zone he began to draw #bej a mon?4 ,& t #bej 0 q z good z #cjj at home4 ,to beg9 ) he _h no room-r5t to pay1 b 0 assign$ com=table if n elegant qu>t]s1 :i* he %>$ ) "o o!r man2 c>efully scre5$ & protect$ f all insects by nett+1 light$ by electricity1 ) a %[]-ba? h&y & all janitor or *amb]maid s]vice free4 ,in/ead ( a bo>d+-h\se table or a *eap city re/aurant1 he took 8 meals at a ,commission hotel at a *>ge ( ?irty c5ts a meal4 ,p say t ! f>e c\ld n be duplicat$ 9 ! ,/ates = sev5ty-five c5ts1 b ,i pref] to quote t /atem5t r ?an to make x on my own au?ority4 ,by tak+ two meals a day & mak+ ! ?ird ( fruit1 or a s&wi* at a ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 clubh\se1 he w\ld cut 8 re/aurant *>ges to #ah a mon?2 ! :ole ?ree meals w\ld come to #bg4hj1 s h[ev] voraci\s 8 appetite ,ba*elor ,jack's *>ges = food are light & = %elt] no?+4 ,clo?+ tr\bles him little2 8 work+ clo!s ( khaki1 & sev]al suits ( :ite cotton duck w co/ him less ?an "o wool5 suit su* z he mu/ h 8up home04 ,all seasons are alike on ! ,zone1 & !re is no ne$ ( v>i\s types ( hats1 ov]coats & und]we>4 ,all 9 all ,ba*elor ,jack ?9ks he has come 9 = a good ?+4 ,moreov]1 he gets a vacation ( =ty-two days on pay1 a sick leave ( ?irty days on pay--& ! sanit>ium on ! ,isl& ( ,taboga be+ a v pleasant resort few fail to h slight ailm5ts requir+ precisely ?irty days' re/--& n9e holidays also ) pay4 ,all 9 all ,jack is nei!r ov]work$ nor und]paid4 ,8 lett]s to 8 *ums at home tell no /ories ( adv]sity b r indicate t he is enjoy+ exce$+ly good times4 ,) reasonable c>e he w h ample means = really lavi% exp5ditures on 8 vacation4 ,inde$ x w\ld require r unreasonable ef=t to sp5d an eng9e]'s sal>y on ! zone unless x w5t 9 riot\s liv+ 9 ,panama ,city or ,colon4 ,b a vision ( bett] ?+s op5s be=e him--is always spread out be=e 8 enraptur$ vision4 ,8 fri5d :o came d[n a ye> or two be=e him & :o is e>n+ only a little bit m money sets a /&>d ( liv+ :i* ar\ses new ambitions 9 ,jack's m9d4 ,8 fri5d is m>ri$4 ,in/ead ( "o room %>$ ) "o or m tir$ eng9e]s subject to gr\*es1 he has a f\r-room ap>tm5t ) ba?--really a five-room flat1 = ! broad %elt]$ balconies %ad$ by v9es =m ! real liv+ room4 ,in/ead ( eat+ at ! cr[d$1 noisy hotels1 he has 8 quiet d9+-room1 & m5us dictat$ by individual ta/e in/ead ( by ! me*anical me?ods ( a ,*ief ( ,subsi/5ce4 ,practically ev]y?+ t c be done = ! h\sehold by (ficial h&s is done free by ! ,commission--free r5t1 free light1 free janitor s]vice1 free di/ill$ wat]1 free fuel = cook+--! climate saves t bugbe> ( m>ri$ life at home1 ! annual coal bill4 ,moreov] ! flat or h\se comes to its t5ant freely furni%$4 ,! smalle/ equipm5t suppli$ consi/s ( a range1 two kit*5 *airs1 a d\ble b$1 a mosquito b>1 two pill[s1 a *iffoni]1 a d\ble dress]1 a d\ble mattress1 a d9+ table1 six d9+ *airs1 a sidebo>d1 a b$-room mat1 two c5t] tables & ?ree wick] por* *airs4 ,?is equipm5t is = ! mod]ately paid employees :o live 9 f\r-family qu>t]s4 ,! outfit is made m compreh5sive z sal>ies increase4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,,! ,,lobby ,,( ,a ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,club ,h\sekeep]s mu/ buy _! own tablew>e1 b$clo!s1 light furniture & bric--brac4 ,b "h aga9 ! pat]nal ,commission comes to ! rescue1 = ^! pur*ases1 & all o!rs ne$ful = utility1 com=t or beauty1 are made at ! ,commiss>y /ores1 :]e goods are sold practically at co/4 ,moreov]1 !re is no protective t>iff collect$ on import$ goods & x w\ld take ano!r article to relate ! rhapsodies ( ! ,zone wom5 ov] ! prices at :i* !y c buy ,b\lton tablew>e1 ,iri% l951 ,swiss & ,sc&9avian delicatess51 & ,fr5* products ( all sorts4 ,& f9ally1 to r\nd out ! privileges ( m>ri$ life on ! ,zone1 m$ical s]vice is free & little ,tommy's slighte/ ill may be prescrib$ = )\t fe> ( ! doctor's bill--?\gh1 inde$1 ! *ildr5 y see romp+ 9 ! pleasant places d n look z ?\gh !y ev] ne$$ a prescription or a pill4 ,s ,jack looks f 8 ba*elor qu>t]s ov] t[>d ,m>ri$ ,r[ & x looks good to him4 ,8 amusem5ts are b limit$ & 8 life does v]ge on ! monoton\s4 ,8 only place ( recreation is ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a41 :i*1 :ile fill+ ! want admirably week days1 is a bit solemn ,sundays--8 only day (f4 ,! only !at]s on ! ,zone are at ,colon & ,panama1 & ^? are 9 ! ma9 only exhibitions ( 8movies40 ,moreov]1 ! ,panama ,railroad has ?\ghtfully arrang$ its s*$ule s t no ,zone employee c g to ! !at] save on ,saturday or ,sunday night )\t /ay+ out all night4 ,z ,jack smokes 9 8 half a room 7p]haps only a qu>t]7 or wrangles ) 8 roommate = place at ! table light$ by "o electric light 8 m9d naturally turns t[>d ! com=ts enjoy$ by 8 m>ri$ fri5ds1 & he sees himself greet$ on 8 return f toil 9 ! jungle or ! 8,cut0 by a cool1 trim div9ity 9 :ite1 in/ead ( by a lumb]+ giant 9 muddy khaki1 z we>y1 hungry & gr\*y z he4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/reet ,,sc5e ,,9 ,,culebra ,7 he at home prud5ce w\ld compel ! consid]ation ( co/4 ,"h ! pat]nal ,commission puts a premium on matrimony4 ,v (t51 s (t51 inde$1 t x is almo/ ! rule1 ,jack returns f 8 fir/ vacation home ) a wife1 or else com+ alone is foll[$ by ! girl1 & all goes m]ry z a m>riage bell4 ,b ! "t comes :5 ,jack1 a ba*elor no long]1 b a husb& & p]haps a fa!r1 mu/ leave ! ,i/hmus4 ,t "t mu/ come = all ( !m :5 ! "w is done4 ,en\gh1 h[ev]1 h already gone home to tell sad tales ( ! difficulty ( readju/+ !mselves to normal conditions4 ,d[n comes ! sal>y at lea/ tw5ty-five p] c5t1 up g liv+ exp5ses at lea/ ?irty p] c5t4 ,no?+ at home is free--coal1 light1 r5t1 & m$ical s]vice lea/ ( all4 ,:]e ,jack us$ to be lordly1 he mu/ be p>simoni\s2 :]e he once b\ght untax$ 9 ! m>kets ( ! _w1 he mu/ buy 9 ! mo/ exp5sive ( all m>ket places1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,he absolutely _c ma9ta9 at home ! /&>d ( life he adopt$ "h1 & ! *ange ) ! endless little economies & pett9esses x entails gets on ! n]ves ( bo? husb& & wife4 ,to />t life ?riftily & le>n to be free-h&$ z prosp]ity increases is ! natural l9e ( developm5t & does n m> happ9ess4 ,b to be =c$ to p9* aft] a long p]iod ( lavi%ness is we>+4 ,back to ! ,zone come s _m /ories ( romances begun by ! ,canal & end$ 9 ! divorce c\rts t "o wond]s if ! pat]nalism ( ! ,commission has be5 good = ^? :o enjoy$ x4 ,b x has be5 good = ! supreme purpose ( digg+ ! ,canal & t 0 ! "o end s\ght4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"y ,,am]ica ,,at ,,play ,let me return f ?is excursion into ! doma9 ( matrimonial philosophy & take up once aga9 ! acc\nt ( ! population ( ! ,zone & its *>act]i/ics4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t a v l>ge "p ( ! unskill$ labor on ! ,canal is done by negroes f ,jamaica & ,b>badoes4 ,b n all ( x4 ,! cleavage 0 n s di/9ct t ! skill$ labor c\ld be class$ z :ite1 & ! unskill$ black1 = among ! latt] 7 _m ,spani>ds1 ,portuguese1 ,italians & ! peoples ( ,s\?we/]n ,europe4 ,! brilliant idea occurr$ to someone 9 ! e>ly days ( ! ,am]ican campaign t z ! ,we/ ,indians1 ,panamanians & ,lat9-,am]icans g5]ally 7 accu/om$ to d _! monet>y ?9k+ 9 t]ms ( silv] all day labor might be put on ! silv] pay roll2 ! m highly paid work]s on a gold pay roll4 ,!nce=w>d ! metal l9e r ?an ! color l9e 0 drawn4 ,! latt] inde$ w\ld h be5 difficult z ! ,lat9-,am]ican peoples nev] drew x v def9itely 9 _! m>ital relations1 ) ! result t a sort ( twilight zone made any v positive diff]5tiation betwe5 :ites & blacks practically impossible4 ,s despite ,bobby ,burns' hi/oric dictum-- 8! g[d is b ! gu9ea's /amp ,! man's ! man = a' t01 on ! ,zone ! man is silv] or gold accord+ to ! nature ( 8 "w & ! size ( 8 wages4 ,( gold employees !re 7 9 #aiac1 #ecfb1 ( silv] #ca1bih1 s x is easy to see :i* pay roll bore ! names ( ! ari/ocracy4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,h9doo ,,m]*ants ,,at ,a ,,zone ,,t[n ,practically all ( ! gold =ce are ,am]icans4 ,x is = !m1 9 ! ma91 t ! cool1 d>k gre5 h\ses ) :ite trimm+s1 & all c>efully scre5$ 91 are built4 ,= !m ! buy]s ( ! ,commiss>y ransack ! m>kets ( ! _w1 buy+ only ! be/4 ,= !m ! ,hotel ,tivoli at ,ancon & ! ,wa%+ton ,hotel at ,colon 7 built1 ?\gh x is true t t\ri/ trade r ?an ! patronage ( ! ,canal work]s supports !m4 ,= !m are eighte5 hotels1 s-call$--really only eat+ h\ses--scatt]$ along ! l9e1 s]v+ excell5t meals = ?irty c5ts ea*4 ,inde$1 mo/ ( ! features ( ,i/hmian life :i* cat* ! eye ( ! t\ri/ & make him ?9k exi/5ce !re q ideal are plann$ to make ! place attractive en\gh to keep ! gold employees on ! job4 ,to him t ha? %all be giv51 & x requir$ great] inducem5ts to an*or to a desk 9 ,panama ! man capable ( e>n+ a good sal>y at home ?an x did to hold ! negro f ,jamaica or ,m>t9ique1 or ! ,spani>d or ,italian /eady to 8 job4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,native ,,mills ,,gr9d ,,sl[ly ,9 endeavor+ to make ?+s pleasant & easy = ! gold employee ! ,i/hmian ,commission has made s _m provisions = 8 com=t t _m timid s\ls at home rais$ ! cry ( 8socialism0 & pr(ess$ to disc]n 9 ! sy/em p]fect$ by ,col4 ,goe?als ! ent]+ w$ge t w\ld split 9 pieces ! anci5t sy/em ( free competition & ! contract sy/em = public "w4 ,:ile ,i 0 on ! ,zone a v di/+ui%$ f9anci] ( ,new ,york1 a bank] ( ! mod]n type ) f+]s 9 a ho/ ( indu/rial ent]prises1 deliv]$ himself ( ?is int]e/+ =eca/ ( ! results ( ! education 9 collectivism :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t is giv+ to "s ?\s&s ( m5 ^u ! ,i/hmus3 8,! big ?+ is ! _s ( pat]nalism1 ( mod]n socialism1 ( gov]nm5tal p>5?ood1 if y w1 :i* is be+ eng5d]$ & nurs$ to full /r5g? by ,f$]al control ( ! ,canal4 ,?is is no idle dream1 & )9 five ye>s1 yes1 )9 ?ree ye>s1 x w beg9 to be felt 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,illu/ration3 ,,commission ,,road ,,ne> ,,empire 8,quietly l>ge corporations are /udy+ ?is feature ( ! unload+ ( ! skill$1 highly intellig5t ,canal work]s on ! indu/ries ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( tra9$ employees ( ! ,panama ,canal ,commission--:i* is to say ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t4 ,:5 ^! well paid1 lightly work$1 well & *eaply f$ m5 return to _! native l& !y w =m a p[]ful addition to ! ,sociali/ p>ty4 8,^! workm5 w take up tasks = private corporations4 ,!y w f9d l[] sal>ies1 long] h\rs & a greatly increas$ co/ ( liv+4 ,! conv5i5ces & amusem5ts :i* !y h f\nd ei!r free or v *eap 9 ! ,canal ,zone w be beyond ! rea* ( _m ( !m1 & !y are go+ to *afe "u ! *ang$ conditions4 8,!y w comp>e private or corporate own]%ip ) gov]nm5t control z manife/$ 9 ! ,canal works1 & ! comp>ison w inevitably result to ! detrim5t ( ! me?ods foll[$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is w be 9 no s5se an array ( capital aga9/ labor4 ,x w be a psy*ological & political movem5t = ! bett]m5t ( ! conditions ( ! tra9$ work] irrespective ( p>ty or class or union affiliations4 ,t is "o reason t x w be s p[]ful4 8,^! m5 w be engag$ 9 indu/ries subject to /rikes & o!r indu/rial & sociological di/urbances4 ,!y w give _! fell[ workm51 :o h always be5 employ$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a new & logical idea ( ! value ( gov]nm5t own]%ip & its advantages to ! work+man z %[n on ! ,canal ,zone4 8,ar\nd !m w ga!r ! sociali/s1 ! union m5 :o ?9k = !mselves & all o!r upp] class work+m54 ,d n mi/ake my mean+4 ,?is w be no ,coxey's army movem5t1 no ga!r+ ( ! riffraff ( failures seek+ to rob ! toil] ( 8 ga9s or ! inve/or ( 8 doll>s1 b e>ne/ m51 ^: weapon w n be ! tor* & ! dynamite bomb1 b ! ballot4 ,by _! votes & ! enorm\s foll[+ !y c rally to _! /&>d !y w =ce ! gov]nm5t to take ov] ! public utilities1 if n all ! l>ge corporations1 ( ! c\ntry4 ,!y w =ce ! adoption ( gov]nm5t /&>ds ( "w1 wages & co/ ( liv+ z exemplifi$ 9 ! "w on ! ,canal4 ,9 o!r words ! influx ( work]s w lead directly to pat]nalism04 ,let u1 h[ev]1 consid] ?is bogy ( socialism fairly4 ,be=e proce$+ to a m detail$ acc\nt ( ! mann] ( life ^u ! ,canal ,zone let me outl9e ha/ily ! conditions :i* reg>d$ sup]ficially seem sociali/ic1 & ) a l9e or two %[ :y !y are n s at all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fire ,,=ce ,,( ,,cri/obal ,our ,uncle ,sam owns & manages a l9e ( /eam%ips ply+ betwe5 ,new ,york & ,panama1 c>ry+ bo? pass5g]s & freight & compet+ successfully ) sev]al l9es ( =eign-built %ips4 ,! l>ge/ vessels are ( t5 ?\s& tons & w\ld rank well ) ! less] transatlantic l9]s4 ,on !m ,congressm5 & ,panama ,zone (ficials are c>ri$ free1 :ile employees ( ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission get an exce$+ly l[ rate = !mselves & _! families4 ,! gov]nm5t also owns & conducts ! ,panama ,railroad1 :i* crosses 9 less ?an ?ree h\rs f ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific1 :ile ! privately own$ railroads ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates take ab\t sev5 days to pass f "o ocean to ! o!r4 ,?is s\nds l a mighty good argum5t = gov]nm5t own]%ip & x is n mu* m fallaci\s ?an "s o!rs drawn f ,i/hmian conditions4 ,! ,presid5t ( ! ,panama ,railroad is ,col4 ,george ,w4 ,goe?als4 ,! gov]nm5t caught him "y1 educat$ him at its excell5t ,we/ ,po9t s*ool1 pay+ him a sal>y :ile he 0 le>n+ to be useful1 & has be5 employ+ & pay+ him ev] s9ce4 ,l a citiz5 ( ! ideal ,co-op]ative ,commonweal? he has nev] _h to worry ab\t a job4 ,! ,/ate has always employ$ him & paid him4 ,:ile he has done 8 "w bett] ?an o!rs ( equal rank1 he has only rec5tly begun to draw any m pay ?an o!r colonels4 ,s\nds v sociali/ic1 doesn't x8 ,& he seems to make a v good railroad presid5t too1 ?\gh ! %uffl+ ( %>es 9 ,wall ,/reet _h no?+ to d ) 8 appo9tm5t1 & he hasn't got a director on 8 bo>d int]lock$ ) ,j4 ,p4 ,morgan ,co41 or ! ,city ,national ,bank4 ,illu/ration3 ,,or*ids ,,on ,,gov4 ,,?at*]',s ,,por* ,! gov]nm5t :i* runs ?is railroad & /eam%ip l9e doesn't conf9e its activity to big ?+s4 ,x w wa% a %irt = "o ( its ,canal employees at ab\t half ! price t ,john ,*9aman do+ bus9ess ne>by w\ld *>ge1 press 8 clo?+1 or x w s5d a man into y\r home--if y live 9 ! ,zone--to *lor(orm any /ray mosquitoes lurk+ !re & convey !m away 9 a bottle4 ,x w h\se 9 an electric-light$1 wire-scre5$ t5em5t1 a ,jamaica negro :o at home liv$ 9 a basket-"w %ack1 pla/]$ ) mud & ?at*$ ) palmetto leaves4 ,x is v democratic too1 ?is gov]nm5t1 = x won't issue to ,mrs4 ,highfly] m ?an ?ree wick] arm-*airs1 ev5 if %e does ent]ta9 e day1 :ile h] neighbor ,mrs4 ,domus :o gets j exactly z _m nev] ent]ta9s at all4 ,x c be j too mean = any?+1 l socialism1 :i* we are s (t5 told 8puts ev]ybody on a dead level40 ,! dream ( ! late ,edw>d ,bellamy is giv5 actuality on ! ,zone :]e we f9d a great c5tral au?ority1 buy+ ev]y?+ imag9able 9 all ! m>kets ( ! _w1 at ! mom5t :5 prices are l[e/--an au?ority big en\gh to snap its f+]s at any tru/--& sell+ aga9 )\t pr(it to ! ultimate consum]s4 ,!re are no tru/ pr(its1 no middleman's pr(its includ$ 9 prices ( ?+s b\ght at ! ,commiss>y /ores4 ,!re are eighte5 su* /ores 9 ! ,zone4 ,! total bus9ess ( ! ,commiss>y /ores am\nts to ab\t #f1jjj1jjj annually4 ,ev]y?+ is sold at prices mat]ially less ?an x c be b\ght 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 yet ! dep>tm5t %[s an actual pr(it1 :i* is at once put back into ! bus9ess4 ,a ,zone h\sewife told me t a /eak = h] family t w\ld co/ at lea/ n9ety c5ts 9 h] home 9 ,brooklyn co/ h] =ty "h4 ,%oddy or m]ely 8*eap0 goods are n c>ri$ & ! ,unit$ ,/ates pure food law is /rictly obs]v$4 ,t t]rible problem ( ! 8high] co/ ( liv+0 h>dly pres5ts itself to ,zone dwell]s except pur*as]s ( purely native products2 ^?1 ?anks to ! t\ri/s1 h d\bl$ 9 price sev]al times 9 ! la/ five ye>s4 ,b articles purvey$ by ,uncle ,sam are furni%$ to 8 nephews & nieces "h = ab\t "o-?ird less ?an ! luckless ones mu/ pay :o are /ick+ to ! old home/ead in/ead ( f>+ =? to ! tropics4 ,i h already enum]at$ ! valuable privileges1 l free qu>t]s1 light1 furniture1 m$ical s]vice1 etc41 suppli$ to ! ,zone work] )\t *>ge4 ,if all ^! app>5t gratuities 7 accompani$ by a rate ( pay l[] ?an t 9 =ce = l occupations 9 ! ,/ates x might be fair to say1 z "o ( ! mo/ c>eful writ]s on ,i/hmian topics says1 8^! =m "p ( ! contract ! employee makes ) ! gov]nm5t1 & are j z mu* "p ( 8 pay z 8 mon?ly sal>y04 ,b t pay av]ages tw5ty-five p] c5t high] ?an at home4 ,! ?+s enum]at$ are look$ ^u by ^? :o receive !m z gratuities1 & rightly s4 ,!y are1 9 fact1 extra inducem5ts (f]$ by ,uncle ,sam to p]suade m5 to come & "w on 8 ,canal & to keep !m happy & cont5t$ :ile do+ s4 ,n[ ! *ief mat]ial argum5t = ! sociali/ic /ate1 ! co-op]ative commonweal?1 is t x w secure = e citiz5 com=t & cont5tm5t1 s f> z cont5tm5t is possible to re/less human m9ds2 t x w aboli% at a /roke monopoly & privilege1 purge society ( p>asites1 add to ! effici5cy ( labor & proportionately increase its rew>ds4 ,all ( :i* is measurably accompli%$ on ! ,canal ,zone & ! less cauti\s sociali/s--! well-gr\nd$ ones see ! diff]5ce--are excusable = hail+ ! gov]nm5t !re z an evid5ce ( ! practicability ( socialism4 ,b x isn't--at lea/ n q4 ,! inc>nation ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is & socialism is ,col4 ,george ,w4 ,goe?als4 ,nobody on ! ,zone _h "p 9 elect+ ,goe?als2 nobody c say him nay1 or abate or h9d] 9 any degree 8 complete p]sonal control ( all t is done "h4 ,?is is n ! co-op]ative commonweal? we long h s\ght4 ,r is x l ! commonweal? ( old ) ,oliv] ,cromwell z ,"l ,protector--& at t ,goe?als has no p>liam5t to purge4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,! ,,catasetum ,,scurra ,a curi\sly %ap$ or*id r$iscov]$ by ,mrs4 ,h4 ,h4 ,r\sseau ,?is is a b5evol5t despotism1 ! sort ( gov]nm5t t philosoph]s agree w\ld be ideal if ! b5evol5ce ( ! despot c\ld only be assur$ inv>iably & et]nally4 ,! ,cz> ( ,russia c\ld d :at is be+ done d[n !re 7 he ve/$ ) ,goe?als' intol]ance ( bureaucracies1 r$-tape1 p>asites1 graft]s1 disob$i5ce & delay4 ,b ,goe?als is equally intol]ant ( opposition1 argum5t1 ev5 advice f bel[4 ,8 is ! milit>y me?od ( p]sonal comm& & p]sonal responsibility4 ,i don't believe he is ov]-fond ev5 ( ! c\ncil ( w>4 ,9 a sociali/ic community1 :]e e man _h a voice 9 ! gov]nm5t1 he w\ld la/ only long en\gh = a new election to be call$4 ,?\gh 8 popul>ity !re is univ]sal1 x w\ld n )/& ! attacks ( demagogues 7 !re field = demagogy4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,m>ri$ ,,qu>t]s ,,at ,,corozal ,b :at has be5 done1 & is /ill do+1 on ! ,zone is n sociali/ic1 because x is done f ! top1 by ! ord]s ( an autocrat1 in/ead ( by an act ( a t[n meet+4 ,"o might z well say t ! pati5ce1 prud5ce1 att5tion to detail1 insi/5ce on prop] sanitation :i* enabl$ ,japan's great ,g5]al ,nogi to keep 8 army 9 ! field ) ! m9imum loss f prev5table sickness 0 all sociali/ic4 ,col4 ,goe?als comm&$ an army4 ,! ,i/hmus 0 ! enemy4 ,! army mu/ be f$ & clo!d1 h5ce ! ,commiss>y4 ,its communications mu/ be kept op51 h5ce ! /eam%ip l9e & ! railroad4 ,! soldi]s mu/ be h\s$1 & z x became e>ly app>5t t ! siege 0 to be a long "o ! camps 7 built ( timb] in/ead ( t5ts4 ,!re is no?+ new ab\t t4 ,back 9 ! fifte5? c5tury ,que5 ,isabella1 conclud+ t x w\ld take a long "t to />ve ! ,moors out ( ,granada1 kept h] soldi]s busy build+ a city ( /one & mort> be=e ! walls ( ! beleagu]$ t[n4 ,culebra has be5 a m /ubborn =tress ?an 0 ev] ,granada4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fight+ ,,! ,,indu/ri\s ,,ant ,no4 ,! organization ( ! ,zone has be5 purely milit>y1 n sociali/ic4 ,x 0 creat$ = a purpose & x w vani% :5 t purpose has be5 atta9$4 ,admirably adapt$ to its end x _h _m elem5ts ( *>m to ^? liv+ "u x4 ,! ,zone villages1 ev5 ^? l ,culebra & ,gorgona :i* are to be ab&on$1 7 beautiful 9 appe>ance1 delightful 9 social ref9em5t4 ,culebra ) its w9d+ /reets1 bord]$ by tropical %rubb]y 9 :i* ne/l$ ! cool & commodi\s h\ses ( ! eng9e]s & high] employees1 lead+ up to ! hill cre/$ by ! resid5ce ( ! ,colonel--( c\rse !re 7 five colonels on ! ,commission1 b only "o 8,! ,colonel0--,culebra 0 a delight to ! visitor & mu/ h be5 a joy to ! resid5t4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,foliage ,,on ,,! ,,zone ,illu/ration ,try to figure to y\rself ! home ( a "y eng9e] z ,i saw x4 ,! h\se is two /oreys ) a p5t-h\se ro(1 pa9t$ d>k gre51 ) ! w9d[ frames1 door cas+s & po/s ( ! broad v]&as1 by :i* x is ne>ly surr\nd$1 done 9 %9+ :ite4 ,betwe5 ! po/s is wire nett+ & beh9d is a piazza probably twelve feet wide :i* 9 t climate is z good z a room = liv+1 eat+ or sleep+ purposes4 ,! ma9 body ( ! h\se is oblong1 ab\t fifty feet long by ?irty to =ty feet deep4 ,a liv+-room & d9+-room fill ! entire front4 ,! hall1 in/ead ( runn+ f ! front to ! back ( ! h\se1 z is cu/om>y ) u1 runs across ! h\se1 back ( ^! two rooms4 ,x is 9 no s5se an entry1 ?\gh x has a door op5+ f ! g>d51 b sep>ates ! liv+-rooms f ! kit*5 & o!r work+ rooms4 ,! /airway asc5ds f ?is hall to ! second floor :]e two l>ge b$-rooms fill ! front ( ! h\se1 a big ba?-room1 a b$-room & ! dry-room be+ 9 ! re>4 ,ab\t t la/ ap>tm5t let me g into "s detail4 ,! climate ( ! ,zone is always r humid1 & 9 ! ra9y season y c wr+ wat] out ( ev]y?+ t c absorb x4 ,s 9 ea* h\se is a room kept tightly clos$ ) two electric lights 9 x burn+ day & night4 ,!re9 are kept all clo!s1 %oes1 etc41 n 9 actual use1 & ! comb9$ heat & light keep damp & mold out ( ! goods ?us /or$4 ,mold is "o ( ! *ief pe/s ( ! ,panama h\sekeep]4 ,y w see few books 9 ev5 ! mo/ ta/efully furni%$ h\ses1 because ! mold attacks _! b9d+s4 ,e piano has an electric light ins]t$ )9 its case & kept burn+ con/antly to dispel ! damp4 ,by way ( quiet+ ! al>m ( read]s x may be m5tion$ aga9 t electric light is furni%$ free to ,i/hmian ,commission employees4 8,we always laugh01 said a ho/ess "o night1 z %e look$ back at my d>k5$ room 9 h] h\se f ! walk outside1 8at ! c>e p f ! ,/ates take to turn out ! lights4 ,we enjoy be+ extravagant & let !m burn all day if we feel l x04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,! ,,*ief ,,commiss>y ,,at ,,cri/obal ,9 su* a h\se !re is no pla/]4 ,f )9 y see ! entire frame ( ! h\se--uprights1 joi/s1 /an*ions1 floor beams1 all--& ! int]ior is pa9t$ z a rule precisely l ! ext]ior )\t ! :ite trimm+4 ,y don't notice ?is at fir/4 ,!n x fasc9ates y4 ,y ?9k x amus+ & improp] to see a h\se's und]p9n+ s indec5tly expos$4 ,all t we cov] ) la?s1 pla/]1 calcim9e & wall pap] is "h nak$ to ! eye4 ,only a sk9 ( half-in* lumb] int]v5es betwe5 y & ! out] _w1 or ! p 9 ! next room4 ,y notice ! w9d[s look /range4 ,!re is no sa%4 ,to a h\se ( ! sort ,i am describ+ f\r or six glass w9d[s are allott$ to be put 9 ! orifices ! h\sekeep] may select4 ,! o!r w9d[s are unclos$ except at night1 :5 y may1 if y wi%1 sw+ heavy bo>d %utt]s across !m4 ,a h\se ( ! type ,i h describ$ is kn[n z ,type #aj1 & is assign$ to employees draw+ f #cjj to #djj a mon?4 ,^? gett+ f #bjj to #cjj a mon? are assign$ ei!r to qu>t]s 9 a two-family h\se1 or to a small cottage ( six or sev5 rooms1 ?\gh1 z ! supply ( ! latt] is limit$1 !y are greatly priz$4 ,employees draw+ less ?an #bjj a mon? h f\r-room flats 9 build+s accommodat+ f\r families4 ,^? :o receive m ?an #djj a mon? are giv5 l>ge h\ses ( a type di/+ui%$ by spaci\sness & arti/ic design4 ,:5 y come to analyze x su* h\ses are only l>ge %acks1 & yet _! proportions & color+1 c\pl$ ) _! obvi\s fitness = ! climate1 make !m1 :5 ta/efully furni%$ & decorat$1 ?or\ghly arti/ic homes4 ,= ^! homes ! ,commission furni%es all ! b>e ess5tials4 ,) me*anical precision x furni%es ! numb] ( tables1 *airs1 b$s & dress]s :i* ! ,commission 9 its sov]eign wisdom has decid$ to be prop] = a g5tleman ( ! /ation 9 life to :i* t h\se is fitt$4 ,= ! m]ely /hetic ! ,commission c>es no?+1 ?\gh x is fair to say t ! furniture x supplies1 ?\gh commonplace1 is n 9 bad ta/e4 ,b = decoration ! ,zone dwell]s mu/ g d[n into _! own pockets & to a great] or less degree all d s4 ,! au?orities h n gone to ! ext5t ( prohibit+ ?is rivalry z at ,we/ ,po9t & ,annapolis :]e ! cadets are n p]mitt$ to decorate _! rooms le/ inequality & mortification result4 ,b 9 ,panama ! climate en=ces su* a prohibition to "s ext5t4 ,luxury !re w\ld be positive discom=t4 ,co/ly rugs & hang+s1 ri*ly uphol/]$ furniture are out ( place4 ,air space is ! greate/ luxury1 & a room clutt]$ ) objects ( priceless art w\ld be sc>cely habitable4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,:at ,,! ,,slide ,,did ,,to ,,! ,,railroad ,! p]nici\s activity ( slides occasionally creates ?is novel condition 9 railroad con/ruction ,)9 _! limitations1 h[ev]1 ! ho/esses ( ! ,zone h made _! homes ?or\ghly *>m+4 ,! visitor 01 ,i ?9k1 mo/ impress$ by ^? :o frankly us$ ! trimm+s ( ! tropics = _! *ief decorations4 ,! or*id-l9$ por*es ( ,mrs4 ,m4 ,h4 ,?at*]1 wife ( ! civil commission]1 or ,mrs4 ,h4 ,h4 ,r\sseau1 wife ( ! naval repres5tative on ! ,commission1 7 a v]itable fairyl& :5 ! swift tropic night _h fall5 & ! color$ lights began to gl[ among ! ru/l+ palms & delicately t9t$ or*ids4 ,no m beautiful ap>tm5t c\ld possibly be imag9$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,n ,,f ,,jamaica ,,b ,,! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,h\sekeep+ is va/ly simplifi$ by ! ,commiss>y4 ,:5 !re is b "o place to %op1 & only "o quality ( goods to select f--namely ! be/1 = t is all ! ,commiss>y c>ries--! %opp+ tasks ( ! h\sekeep] are r$uc$ to a m9imum4 ,nev]!less !y grumble--p]haps because wom5 l to %op1 m probably because ?is situation creates a dull & monoton\s sam5ess among/ ! families4 8,:at's ! good ( giv+ a d9n] p>ty01 ask$ a ho/ess pla9tively1 8:5 y\r gue/s all "k exactly :at ev]y?+ on y\r table co/s1 & !y c guess j :at y are go+ to s]ve8 ,!y say1 #8,i wi% %e'd b\ght lamb at ! ,commiss>y1 x co/s j ! same z turkey'4 ,or #8! ,commiss>y _h new asp>agus today4 ,wond] :y %e took caulifl[]'8 ,!y get ! ,commiss>y li/ j z ,i d & "k exactly to :at ,i am limit$1 z we c only buy at ! ,commiss>y4 ,!re is no *ance = ! little surprises t make an int]e/+ d9n] p>ty04 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,ba*elor',s ,,qu>t]s ,t is p]haps a trifle disquiet+ to ! adv5tur\s h\sekeep]1 b1 except = ! purpose ( ent]ta9+1 ! ,commiss>y mu/ be a great boon4 ,its selection ( h\sehold necessities is suffici5tly v>i$ to meet e ne$2 ! quality ! be/ & its prices are uni=mly l[] ?an 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is comp>ative *eapness 9 prices is1 ( c\rse1 due to ! elim9ation ( ! middlem51 ! buy+ by ! commiss>y 9 l>ge quantities & ! disreg>d ( pr(it z an elem5t 9 ! bus9ess4 ,!re is b "o /ep betwe5 ! ,beef ,tru/1 or o!r manufactur]s1 & ! ultimate consum]s on ! ,zone4 ,! "o int]m$i>y is ! ,commiss>y4 ,x buys 9 su* quantities t x c be sure ( ! l[e/ prices4 ,x buys 9 m>kets #c1jjj miles or m away f its /ores1 b x gets ! l[e/ freight rates & an all-wat] c>riage f ,new ,york4 ,f9ally x pays no r5t & seeks no pr(it1 h5ce its prices %\ld be ! l[e/4 ,"h is a selection f ! pr9t$ li/ issu$ 9 ,april1 #aiac1 f :i* any h\se-keep] c judge ( ,zone prices3 ,veal ,cutlets1 p] p\nd #ag;c ,lamb ,*ops1 p] p\nd #bd;c ,corn$ ,beef1 ,no4 #a #ad;c ,sirlo9 ,/eak1 p] p\nd #ai;c ,halibut1 fre%1 p] p\nd #ae;c ,*ick5s1 fancy roa/+1 #e p\nds ea* #a4be ,ducks1 blackhead1 pair #fj;c ,pork1 salt1 family #ad;c ,eggs1 fre%1 doz5 #be;c ,butt]1 cream]y1 special #da;c ,am]ican ,*eese1 p] p\nd #bb;c ,cel]y1 p] head #aa;c ,cabbage1 p] p\nd #c;c ,onions1 p] p\nd #c;c ,potatoes1 :ite1 p] p\nd #c;c ,turnips1 p] p\nd #c;c ,grapefruit1 ea* #d;c ,oranges1 ,jamaica1 p] doz5 #ab;c ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,tivoli ,,hotel ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,grape ,,fruit ,,( ,,panama ,if1 h[ev]1 ! ,commiss>y sy/em r$uces life to some?+ ( a g5]al uni=mity & de/roys %opp+ z a subject ( conv]sation1 ! ladies ( ! ,zone /ill h ! et]nal s]vant problem ( :i* to talk4 ,de ,amicis1 ! travel writ]1 said t s]vants =m$ ! "o univ]sal topic = conv]sation & t he bid a ha/y f>ewell to 8 "m 9 ,naples aft] a monologue on ! s9s ( s]vants1 only to f9d1 at 8 fir/ d9n] 9 ,am/]dam1 :i!r he _h travel$ ) all possible spe$1 t ! same topic engross$ ! m9d ( 8 ho/ess !re4 ,9 ,panama ! matt] is some:at simplifi$ by ! fact t only "o type ( s]vant is obta9able1 namely ! ,jamaica negress4 ,x is complicat$ by ! complete lack ( intellig5ce (fices4 ,if a h\sekeep] wants a maid %e asks h] fri5ds to spread ! tid+s to _! s]vants1 & !n waits1 sup9e1 until ! treasure comes to ! door4 ,s]vants out ( employm5t seek x by trudg+ f h\se to h\se & f village to village4 ,once hir$ !y d :at !y h to d & no m4 ,among !m is none ( ! _s ( loyalty :i* makes ! 8old ,s\!rn mammy0 a figure 9 our fiction1 nor any ( ! en]gy :i* 9 ! ,nor!rn ,/ates ,bridget contributes to h\sehold life--?\gh1 inde$1 ,bridget is disappe>+ f dome/ic s]vice be=e ! flood ( ,sc&9avians & ,g]mans4 ,! only wail ,i he>d on ! ,i/hmus ab\t ! increas+ co/ ( liv+ _h to d ) ! wages ( s]vants4 8,9 ! e>li] days01 said "o ( my ho/esses rem9isc5tly1 8x 0 possible to get s]vants = v l[ wages4 ,!y 7 accu/om$ to do+ little & gett+ little1 z 9 ,jamaica & o!r ,we/ ,indian isl&s1 :]e _m s]vants are employ$ by "o family1 ea* ) a p>ticul> #8l9e'4 ,p say t 9 ,panama ,city s]vants c /ill be f\nd :o w "w = #e silv] 7#b4ej7 p] mon?1 & t ,am]icans h spoil$ !m by pay+ too mu*4 ,b ,i ?9k !y h develop$ a capacity = "w & managem5t equal to t ( s]vants 9 ! ,/ates & des]ve _! increas$ wages4 ,i pay #ae1 gold1 a mon? to my "o capable s]vant4 ,occasionally y w f9d "o :o w "w = #aj1 b _m get #bj if !y are good cooks & help ) baby4 ,probably #ab to #ae is an av]age price4 8,^! ,jamaica s]vants speak v ,engli% ,engli%--y c't call x ,cockney1 = !y don't drop _! h's1 b x diff]s greatly f our ,am]ican ,engli%4 ,!y are v fond ( big words1 :i* !y usually use incorrectly1 especially ! m54 ,a ,commiss>y salesman1 to :om ,i s5t a note ask+ = five p\nds ( salt meat1 s5t back ! *ild :o c>ri$ x to #8ask h] "m to diff]5tiate'1 mean+ :at k9d ( salt meat4 ,a cook ask$ me once #8! potatoes to cru%1 ma'am'8 mean+ to ask if !y 7 to be ma%$4 ,ano!r aft] seiz+ "t to air a blanket betwe5 %[]s report$ exultantly1 #8! ra9 did let x sun1 mum'4 ,& always :5 !y wi% to "k if y want hot wat] !y inquire1 #8! wat] to hot1 mum'8 ,illu/ration3 ,,pure ,,panama1 ,,pure ,,indian ,,& ,,all ,,betwe5 8,_! names are usually elaborate4 ,cele/e1 ,g]ald9e1 ,ka!r9e1 ,eug5ie1 are "s t ,i recall4 ,my own maid is ,susannah1 :i* rem9ds me--)\t reflect+ on ?is p>ticul> "o--t z a class !y are hopelessly unmoral1 ?\gh extremely religi\s )al4 ,i h kn[n !m to be clean & effici5t1 b z a rule !y are q ! rev]se4 ,"s are woefully ignorant ( mod]n ut5sils4 ,"o = example1 be+ new to kit*5 ranges1 built a fire 9 ! ov5 on ! fir/ day ( h] s]vice4 ,ano!r1 hav+ be5 c>efully in/ruct$ always to take a visitor's c>d on a tray1 neglect$ ! trim salv] provid$ = t purpose & ext5d$ to ! a/oni%$ call] a huge lacqu]$ t9 tray us$ = c>ry+ di%es f ! kit*54 ,illu/ration3 ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,f4 ,e4 ,,wright ,,old ,,l&+ ,,at ,,taboga ,! concrete walls lead+ f ! bea* up to ! level ( ! /reet 7 built z a memorial ( ! successful revolution ( #aije4 8,i'll nev] =get01 conclud$ my ho/ess betwe5 smiles1 & sorr[1 8h[ ,i felt :5 ,i saw t lonesome little c>d repos+ on ! broad black & batt]$ expanse ( t na/y old tray06 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,int]ior ,,( ,,gatun ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,club ,social life on ! ,zone is r complex4 ,at ! apex1 ( c\rse1 are ! ,commission]s & _! families4 ,! pres5ce ( an ,envoy ,extraord9>y & ,m9i/] ,pl5ipot5ti>y ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,panama ,city adds ano!r factor to ! always vex$ "q ( prec$5ce1 :ile ! ma9t5ance ( a milit>y po/ ) a full regim5t1 & a m>9e camp ) a battalion does n help to simplify matt]s4 ,social affiliations among ^? n 9 ! ,commission or ! ,army set are bas$ ) primitive simplicity ^u ! am\nt ( ! husb&'s e>n+s4 ,"o advantage ( ?is sy/em is t x is bas$ ^u p]fectly accurate in=mation1 = ev]ybody on ! ,zone works = ! ,commission & ! payrolls are p]iodically publi%$4 ,b x j>s ! +5u\s outsid] to h a woman1 app>5tly )\t a trace ( snobb]y1 rem>k casually ( ano!r1 8well1 we don't see mu* ( h]4 ,h] husb& is 9 ! #bjjj class y "k04 ,illu/ration3 ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,club ,,at ,,gatun ,^! clubs are ! true c5t]s ( ! social life ( ! zone ,social life is fur!r complicat$ by ! fact t ! p ( ! ,zone came f all p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ) a few f ,europe4 ,!y h no common home associations4 ,:5 ! settlem5t ( ! ,zone fir/ began ! wom5 7 dismally lonely1 & ! ,commission call$ 9 a pr(essional organiz] ( wom5's clubs to get !m toge!r4 ,clubs 7 organiz$ f ,ancon to ,cri/obal & f$]at$ ) ,mrs4 ,goe?als = ,presid5t & ,mrs4 ,gorgas = ,vice-,presid5t4 ,culebra ent]ta9$ ,gorgona ) tea & ,tol/oi1 & ,empire *all5g$ ,corozal to an int]*ange ( views on eug5ics ov] ! c(fee cups & waf]s4 ,9 a rec5t numb] ( ,! ,canal ,record1 ! (ficial pap] ( ! ,zone1 ,i f9d ne>ly a page giv5 ov] to an acc\nt ( ! activities ( ! wom5's societies & *ur* "w4 ,x appe>s t !re 7 9 ,april1 #aiac1 tw5ty-five societies ( v>i\s sorts exi/+ among ! wom5 on ! ,zone4 ,! ,canal ,zone ,f$]ation ( ,wom5's ,clubs _h five subsidi>y clubs ) a memb]%ip ( fifty-eight4 ,!re 7 twelve *ur* organizations ) a memb]%ip ( #bci4 ,ne>ly #bij wom5 7 enroll$ 9 auxili>ies to m5's organizations4 ,b ^! organizations 7 rapidly break+ up ev5 !n & ! completion ( ! ,canal w witness _! g5]al dis9tegration4 ,!y s]v$ _! purpose4 ,only a m9d t c\ld mix ! ideal ) ! practical c\ld h =ese5 t discussions ( ! ,baconian ,ciph]1 or ! philosophy ( ,nietzs*e might h a be>+ on ! job ( digg+ a canal1 b :oev] conceiv$ ! idea 0 "r4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,m>9e ,,po/ ,,at ,,camp ,,elliott ,a =ce ( ab\t #ejj m>9es w be kept p]man5tly on ! ,zone ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,t\ri/s ,,9 ,,! ,,culebra ,,cut ,! same cle> =esight t l$ ! ,commission to enc\rage ! e/abli%m5t ( wom5's clubs caus$ ! in/allation ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 on ! ,i/hmus1 :]e x has become p]haps ! dom9at+ social =ce4 ,) a ho/ ( "y ba*elors employ$ f> away f home !re 0 ne$ ( social meet+ places o!r ?an ! saloons ( ,panama & ,colon4 ,_m s*emes 7 sugge/$ be=e x 0 det]m9$ to turn ov] ! :ole organization ( social clubs to ! gov]n+ body ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,!re 7 at ! p]iod ( ! greate/ activity on ! ,zone sev5 ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 clubs locat$ at ,cri/obal1 ,gatun1 ,porto ,bello1 ,gorgona1 ,empire1 ,culebra & ,corozal4 ,! build+s are spaci\s1 &1 z %[n by ! illu/rations1 ( pleas+ ar*itectural /yle4 ,on ! fir/ floor are a lobby1 read+-room & libr>y1 pool & billi>d room1 b[l+ alley1 a bus9ess-l b> :i* s]ves only s(t dr9ks1 a quick lun* c\nt]1 & 9 "s cases a b>b] %op & ba?s4 ,on ! second floor is always a l>ge assembly-room us$ = ent]ta9m5ts & dances4 ,?is matt] ( danc+ 0 at fir/ emb>rass+ to ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a41 = at home ?is organization does n enc\rage ! dreamy mazes ( ! waltz1 & ,i am q sure fr[ns disapprov+ly on ! sway+ tango & t]rible turkey trot4 ,b conditions on ! ,i/hmus 7 diff]5t & ?\gh ! organization does n itself give dances1 x p]mits ! use ( its halls by o!r clubs :i* d4 ,! halls also are us$ = mov+ picture %[s1 conc]ts & lectures4 ,! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,club ,h\ses1 ,mr4 ,a4 ,b4 ,dickson1 acts z a sort ( impress>io1 b ! task ( fill+ dates ) desirable attractions is r a complicat$ "o #bjjj miles away f ! lyceum bureaus ( ,new ,york4 ,! s]vice ( ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 is n gratuit\s4 ,memb]s pay an annual fee ( #aj ea*4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n :olly meet ! co/ ( ma9t5ance & ! deficit is tak5 c>e ( by ! ,commission1 :i* built ! club h\ses at ! outset4 ,t ! s]vice ( ! organization is useful is %[n by ! fact t ,col4 ,goe?als has recomm5d$ ! erection ( a concrete club h\se to co/ #eb1ejj 9 ! p]man5t t[n ( ,balboa4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,lobby ,,9 ,,tivoli ,,hotel ,social int]c\rse on ! ,zone is fur!r imp$$ by ! fact t ! few ?\s& 8gold0 employees are scatt]$ ov] a /rip ( t]ritory #dc miles long trav]s$ by a railroad :i* runs b ?ree pass5g] tra9s daily 9 ea* direction4 ,dances are held on alt]nate ,saturday nights at ! ,tivoli & ,wa%+ton ,hotels & gue/s cross f ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific or vice-v]sa to att5d !m1 b on ^! nights a special tra9 takes ! m]rymak]s home4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a lady liv+ at ,culebra desires to h gue/s f ,cri/obal to d9n]1 %e mu/ keep !m all night1 :ile a popul> ba*elor ) half a doz5 d9n] or p>ty calls to make ne$s ab\t ?ree un9t]rupt$ days to cov] 8 li/4 ,*ur* "w1 too1 has be5 fo/]$ by ! ,commission4 ,tw5ty-six ( ! *ur*es are own$ by x1 & all b two are on l& x owns4 ,9 #aiab !re 7 =ty *ur*es on ! ,zone--sev5 ,roman ,ca?olic1 ?irte5 ,episcopal1 sev5 ,bapti/1 two ,wesleyan & eight und5om9ational4 ,fifte5 *apla9s are ma9ta9$ by ! gov]nm5t1 apportion$ among ! d5om9ations 9 proportion to _! numb]s4 ,mu* good "w is done by ! *ur*es1 b "o sc>cely feels t ! *ur* _s is z /rong z x w\ld be among ! same gr\p ( p 9 ! ,/ates4 ,! *ang$ ord] ( life1 due to ! ne$ ( def]r+ to tropical conditions1 has some?+ to d ) ?is4 ,! /roll home f *ur* at midday is n s pleasant a ,sunday function "u a gl>+ tropical sun4 ,moreov] no "o t[n c support *ur*es ( e d5om9ation1 ! railroad is at lea/ imp>tial 9 t x does n enc\rage "o to g d[n ! l9e to *ur* any m ?an to a dance or ! !at]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,alt> ,,9 ,,gatun ,,ca?olic ,,*ur* ,ev5 z ,i write ! dis9tegration ( ?is society has begun4 ,on ! tables ( ! ,zone dwell]s y f9d books ab\t ,s\? ,am]ica or ,alaska--! widely sep>at$ po9ts at :i* opportunity = eng9e]+ activity seems to be mo/ promis+4 ,alaska p>ticul>ly 0 at ! "t engag+ ! speculative ?\ght ( ! "y eng9e]s 9 view ( ! discussion 9 ,congress ( ! advisability ( build+ two gov]nm5t railroads 9 t t]ritory4 ,! prep>ation ( mov+ ?i!r ! ,canal organization 0 highly pleas+ to ! y\ng] m5 :o seem$ to ?9k t work+ ov] glacial mora9es & runn+ l9es ov] sn[ fields w\ld =m a pleas+ sequel to sev]al ye>s 9 ! tropical jungles & swamps4 ,y w see on ! ,i/hmus bronz$ & sw>?y m5 :o are po9t$ out to y z 8,t ,t's0 :i* is to say tropical tramps :o s]v$ fir/ 9 ! ,philipp9es4 ,j :at appellation w be giv5 ^? :o g f ! tropics to ! arctic is yet to be discov]$4 ,9 ! ,canal ,record ,i read ( ! f9al dissolution ( ! ,f$]ation ( ,wom5's ,clubs4 ,/ories ( ! ambitions ( individual commission]s = new employm5t are appe>+ 9 ! public pr9ts4 ,only ! p]nici\s activity ( ! slides at ,culebra & ,cuc>a*a c mu* long] delay ! dissolution ( ! social life t has s pleas+ly fl\ri%$ "u ! b5evol5t despotism ( ,col4 ,goe?als4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,labor ,,& ,,! ,,gov]nm5t ,,( ,,! ,,zone ,by its provision = ! com=t ( ! unm>ri$ employees ! ,i/hmian ,commission has ju/ifi$ ! allegation t x sy/ematically enc\rages matrimony among ! m54 ,! ba*elor employee ^u ! gold roll is h\s$ 9 l>ge b>racks :i* r>ely af=d him a room to himself1 b ord9>ily =ce ^u him "o1 two or ev5 ?ree 8*ums40 ,! intimacies ( *umm+ are delightful :5 s\ght1 b apt to be irksome :5 involunt>y4 ,! ba*elor qu>t]s h\se f twelve to sixty m51 & are :olly made up ( sleep+ rooms4 ,! broad scre5$ v]&as con/itute ! only liv+ room or social hall4 ,if t does n s]ve ! "y ba*elor's purpose he has ! ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 :i* is q z public4 ,9 fact1 unless he be "o ( ! few favor$ ) a room to himself1 he mu/ w&] (f1 l a misan?rope1 into ! he>t ( ! jungle to m$itate 9 solitude4 ,z h>d outdoor "w does n make = misan?ropy mo/ ( !m w&] (f to ! *ur* & get m>ri$4 ,! unm>ri$ employees take _! meals 9 :at are call$ ,commission ,hotels1 ?\gh ^! are hotels only 9 ! s5se ( be+ great eat+ h\ses4 ,"h m5 & wom5 on ! gold roll are s]v$1 = !re are ba*elor girls on ! ,zone & at ^! hotels special v]&a tables are res]v$ = !m & = su* m5 z reta9 en\gh ( ! frills ( civilization z to pref] we>+ _! coats at _! meals4 ,meals = employees co/ ?irty c5ts ea*1 or fifty c5ts = non-employees4 ,!re is "s div]g5ce ( judgm5t conc]n+ ! excell5ce ( ?is food4 ,col4 ,roosevelt1 :ile on ! ,i/hmus1 evad$ 8 guides1 da%$ into a ,commission hotel & dev\r$ a ?irty-c5t meal1 pron\nc+ x bully & decl>+ x unapproa*able by any ,broadway meal at #a4jj4 ,! ,colonel s9c]ely believ$ t 8 approa* 0 unh]ald$1 b !y d say on ! ,zone t 8 desc5t 0 8tipp$ (f0 l a raid 9 ! 8,t5d]lo910 & t a meal co/+ ! contractors _m times ?irty c5ts 0 set be=e him4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,la ,,boca ,,f ,,! ,,city ,und\bt$ly "o :o %\ld ord] ! same v>iety ( di%es 9 a city re/aurant 9 ! ,/ates w\ld h to pay m ?an fifty c5ts1 al?\gh !re are c\ntry hotels 9 :i* equal v>iety & excell5ce = ! price are n unatta9able4 ,a typical d9n] m5u includes s\p1 two k9ds ( meat1 f\r k9ds ( vegetables1 hot rolls or light bread1 a salad1 tea1 c(fee1 or cocoa & = dess]t pie or ice cream4 ,! ,i/hmian appetite = ice cream is a truly tropical wond]4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ! "w ! novice on ! ,i/hmus 0 likely to mi/ake an op5 b[l ( qu99e on ! table = pulv]iz$ sug>1 b ?is has v g5]ally disappe>$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,at ,,los ,,ango/uras ,"s ,panama riv]s fl[ ?r\gh dales l ^? ( ! ,wiscons9 ,no money *anges h&s at ! ,commission hotels1 unless ! d9] happ5s to be a non-employee4 ,meals are paid = by c\pons f books pur*as$ at ! ,commiss>y4 ,by omitt+ ! lun*eon1 & fill+ its place ) a little fruit1 or a s&wi*1 ! ,canal employee c make 8 food co/ only #ah a mon?4 ,he has no lodg+ to pay2 clo!s are ! *eape/ imag9able1 = !re are no seasons to provide =1 nor any rotations ( fa%ions to be obs]v$2 !at]s are practically non-exi/5t & away f ,panama ,city temptation to riot\s liv+ are slight4 ,! ,zone work] is ! mo/ solv5t individual 9 all indu/ry & ought to close up a f\r or five ye>s' s]vice ) a com=table ne/ egg4 ,! economy & com=t ( life on ! ,canal ,zone are ma9ly due to ! ,commiss>y sy/em :i* has gr[n up "u ! ,am]ican rgime4 ,?is is "p ( ! ,subsi/5ce ,dep>tm5t1 :i* is divid$ into two bran*es--hotel & commiss>y4 ,! hotel dep>tm5t n only runs ! ,commission hotels already describ$1 b ! two l>ge hotels patroniz$ by t\ri/s--! ,tivoli at ,ancon & ! ,wa%+ton at ,colon4 ,?\gh a special rate is made at ^! two hotels = employees1 _! prices are /ill too high = !m to be patroniz$ by any except ! mo/ highly paid work]s4 ,ev5 ! pleasure seek] on ! ,i/hmus is likely to reg>d _! rates z r exorbitant4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,wat] ,,front ,,at ,,colon ,cocoanut palms are picturesque b bew>e ( ! fall+ nuts ,_! prices1 h[ev]1 are ess5tially ^? ( ! native ,panamanian hotels 9 ! city1 & 9 cleanl9ess !y are va/ly sup]ior4 ,! visitor to ,panama1 h[ev]1 :o seeks local color or native food ne$ n expect to f9d ei!r at ! ,tivoli4 ,t is a typical resort hotel :i* might h be5 mov$ d[n to ! ,i/hmus f ! ,j]sey bea*es or ,s>atoga ,spr+s4 ,its only local color resides 9 its ,jamaica wait]s1 & z ,i am assur$ t !y are no less a trial to ! manag]s ?an to ! gue/s1 criticism w\ld be p]haps ung5]\s4 ,z = native fruits & food1 y mu/ g away f ! hotel to seek !m4 ,an infrequ5t papaya appe>s on ! m5u1 b = ! mamei1 mango1 sapodilla & o!r fruits1 ! gue/s at ! "t ( my visit s\ght ! native fruit /ores4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,negro ,,qu>t]s ,,at ,,cri/obal ,! ,jamaica negroes frequ5tly elect to live 9 ! %acks r ?an ! commission b>racks ,aft] all1 h[ev]1 ! two big hotels are ! lea/ ( ! tasks impos$ on ! ,subsi/5ce ,dep>tm5t4 ,! /r+ ( ,commission hotels1 #ah 9 all1 s]ve ab\t #bjj1jjj meals mon?ly4 ,!re are also #ag messes = ,european labor]s :o pay #dj c5ts p] ration ( ?ree meals a day4 ,sixte5 kit*5s s]ve ! ,we/ ,india labor]s :o get ?ree meals = #bg c5ts4 ,ab\t #ajj1jjj meals ( ?is sort are s]v$ mon?ly4 ,receipts & exp5ditures = ! l9e hotels1 messes & kit*5s are v nicely adju/$4 ,! ,(ficial ,h&book puts receipts at ab\t #aje1jjj a mon?2 exp5ditures1 #ajd1ejj4 ,! ,tivoli ,hotel e>ns a pr(it1 b ! ,wa%+ton ,hotel1 be+ newly built1 _h n at ! "t ( publication ( ?is book made a f9ancial report4 ,z ,i h not$1 ! hotels are n op5 to all sorts & conditions ( m54 ,^? :i* ,i h describ$ are e/abli%$ = ! use ( gold employees only4 ,diff]5t me?ods _h to be adopt$ 9 provid+ lodg+ & eat+ places = ! m ?an #cj1jjj silv] employees1 mo/ ( :om belong to ! unskill$ labor class4 ,ab\t #be1jjj ( ! silv] employees are ,we/ ,indians1 ma9ly f ,jamaica or ! ,b>bados1 ?\gh "s ,fr5* are f\nd4 ,a v few ,*9ese are employ$4 ,9 #aijf ,eng9e] ,/ev5s adv]tis$ = #bejj ,*9ese coolies1 & plann$ to take #ae1jjj if !y (f]$ !mselves1 b !re 0 no consid]able response4 ,p]haps ! /ory ( ! unhappy ,*9am5 :o de/roy$ !mselves dur+ ! ,fr5* rgime r ?an live on ! ,i/hmus may h be5 told 9 ! ,fl[]y ,k+dom & det]r$ o!rs f com+4 ,b few ,japanese labor]s are enroll$1 :i* is ! m /range :5 ! "p !y took 9 railroad build+ 9 ! ,pacific nor?we/ is rememb]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,labor ,,tra9 ,,at ,,ancon ,9 all =ty nationalities & eighty-five geographical subdivisions 7 not$ 9 ! c5sus ( #aiab4 ,gre5l& is miss+1 b if we am5d ! hymn to 8,f ,icel&'s icy m\nta9s to ,india's coral /r&10 x w fit ! situation4 ,:5 "w 0 busie/ ! ,we/ ,indian labor]s 7 paid #aj c5ts an h\r1 = an eight-h\r day1 except 9 ! case ( ^? do+ special "w :o got #af & #bj c5ts4 ,! next high] type ( manual labor1 l>gely compos$ ( ,spani>ds1 drew #bj c5ts4 ,artisans receiv$ f #af to #dd c5ts an h\r4 ,9 figur+ ! co/ ( "w x 0 ! cu/om ( ! eng9e]s to reckon ! ,we/ ,indian labor z only #cc p] c5t z effici5t z ,am]ican labor4 ,t is to say1 #c paid to a ,jamaican produc$ no great] results ?an #a paid to an ,am]ican4 ,reckon$ by results !re=e1 ! prices paid = native labor 7 high4 ,illu/ration3 ,,negro ,,sleep+ ,,qu>t]s ,all extra clo?+ etc41 is pil$ on %elf above4 ,! floor is flu%$ daily ,qu>t]s & a ,commiss>y s]vice 7 ( c\rse provid$ = ! silv] employees4 ,_! qu>t]s 7 z a rule huge b>racks1 ?\gh _m ( ! natives & ,we/ ,indians spurn ! free qu>t]s provid$ by ! ,commission & make _! homes 9 %acks ( _! own4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly ! case ) ^? :o are m>ri$1 or liv+ 9 ! free unions n uncommon among ! ,jamaica negroes4 ,! visitor :o saw fir/ ! trim & really attractive h\ses & ba*elor qu>t]s assign$ to ! gold employees c\ld h>dly avoid a c]ta9 revulsion ( op9ion z to ! sweetness & light ( ,i/hmian life :5 he w&]$ into ! negro qu>t]s across ! railroad 9 front ( ! ,tivoli ,hotel at ,ancon1 or 9 "s ( ! back /reets ( ,empire or ,gorgona4 ,! be/ kept b>racks = silv] employees 7 at ,cri/obal1 b ev5 !re ! re/lessness & indep5d5ce ( ! ,jamaicans 7 s great t _m mov$ across into ! frame rook]ies ( ! native t[n ( ,colon4 ,9 ! cr[d$ negro qu>t]s "o evid5ce ( ! activities ( ! sanitation dep>tm5t 0 l>gely miss+4 ,no attempt 0 made to scre5 all ! b>racks & %acks t h\s$ ! work]s4 ,b ! self-clos+ g>bage c1 ! oil-spr9kl$ gutt]s1 ! clean pavem5t & all ! o!r evid5ces ( ! activities ( ,col4 ,gorgas' m5 7 !re4 ,p]haps ! feature ( ! b>racks :i* mo/ puzzl$ & amus$ visitors to ! ,zone 7 ! kit*5s4 ,imag9e a frame build+ #cjj feet long by #ge feet wide1 ?ree /ories high ) rail$ balconies at e /ory4 ,p]*$ on ! rails ( ! balu/rades1 at int]vals ( #bj feet1 & usually fac+ a door lead+ into ! build+ are boxes ( corrugat$ iron ab\t #c feet high1 ! top slop+ upw>d l "o side ( a ro( & ! inn] side op54 ,^! are ! kit*5s--"o to ea* family4 ,)9 is room = a smold]+ fire ( s(t coal1 or *>coal1 & a few pots & fry+ pans4 ,"h ! family meal is prep>$1 or heat$ up if1 z is usually ! case1 ! +r$i5ts are obta9$ at ! ,commiss>y kit*54 ,! read] may notice t ! gold employees are suppli$ ) food at a fix$ price p] meal2 ! silv] employees at s mu* p] ration ( ?ree meals4 ,! reason = ?is is t x 0 e>ly discov]$ t ! labor]s 7 apt to economize by irregul>ity 9 eat+--seldom tak+ m ?an two meals a day & (t5 limit+ !mselves to "o1 mak+ t "o ( su* prodigi\s proportions z to unfit !m = "w = "s h\rs1 aft] :i* !y w5t unf$ until too weak to "w prop]ly4 ,z ! ,commission lo/ by ?is practice at bo? ends1 ! evil 0 correct$ by mak+ ! labor]s pay = ?ree meals1 :e!r !y ate !m or n--& naturally !y did4 ,x is a matt] ( record t ! quality ( ! "w improv$ notably aft] ?is exp$i5t 0 adopt$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,workm5',s ,,sleep+ ,,c> ,! gold messes are pr9cipally = ! =eign labor]s1 ,italians1 ,spani>ds & ,portuguese1 & pa9s are tak5 to give !m food ( ! sort !y are accu/om$ to at home4 ,spaghetti is consum$ by ! ton1 z well z rice1 g>lic1 l5tils & o!r vegetables s\ght by ! p ( s\!rn ,europe4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,a ,,workm5',s ,,d9+ ,,c> ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,old ,,fr5* ,,bucket ,,dr$ges ,"s ( ^! dr$ges are /ill 9 use = wet dr$g+ ,9 #aiji ! ,commission report$ ) satisfaction t 8! rations at ! messes = ,european labor]s h be5 increas$1 among ! additions be+ w9e ?ree "t a week in/ead ( twice a week04 ,?is record ( accompli%m5t sugge/s "s acc\nt ( ! way 9 :i* ! problem ( ! liquor traffic 0 h&l$ on ! ,zone dur+ ! mo/ active p]iod ( con/ruction "w & prior to ! ord] aboli%+ all liquor sell+4 ,! problem 0 a difficult "o1 = ! ,zone 0 9 effect a gov]nm5t res]vation1 & "u a g5]al law ( ,congress ! sale ( liquor on su* res]vations is prohibit$4 ,b on ?is res]vation !re 7 at div]s times f #cd to #fc lic5s$ saloons4 ,july #a1 #aiac1 all lic5ses 7 cancel$ & ! ,zone w5t 8dry04 ,! e>li] latitude grant$ to liquor sell]s 0 excus$ by ! necessities ( ! case4 ,! ,spani% & ,italian labor]s 7 accu/om$ to h w9e ) _! meals & 7 n cont5t$ )\t x4 ,b at ! lat] date ! end ( ! "w 0 9 sight4 ,!re 0 no long] ne$ to secure cont5t$ labor at ! exp5se ( violat+ a national /atute4 ,h5ce ! imposition ( a /]n prohibition law4 ,illu/ration3 ,,old ,,fr5* ,,bridge ,,at ,,bas ,,obispo ,t sy/em ( regulat+ ! sale ( liquor on ! ,canal ,zone is brimful ( anomalies & inconsi/5cies1 b fairly well *>act]iz$ by a robu/ common s5se4 ,!re is no liquor sold or s]v$ at ! ,commiss>y hotels or kit*5s1 ) ! result t ! ,spani% & ,italian labor]s to "s ext5t refuse to patronize ei!r1 b get _! meals at "s cant9a :]e ! w9e ( _! c\ntry c be _h4 ,!re is no b> at ! ,hotel ,tivoli4 ,t tav]n be+ own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t & 9 a gov]nm5t res]vation ! law is nom9ally obey$4 ,b z ! ta/es ( m5 are n fix$ by law1 & only imp]fectly regulat$ by x1 y w f9d ! tables ( ?is hospitable inn pl5tifully dott$ by com=table look+ bottles4 ,accord+ to report ! hotel au?orities 8s5d out0 to "s my/]i\s spot = ^! supplies z ord]$1 b ,i nev] happ5$ to see ! mess5g] ( ,bac*us on 8 err& & r suspect t ! hotel cell> conta9s ! *e]+ spr+4 ,at any rate ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a hotel-keep] does n enc\rage liquor dr9k+ at a b>1 ?\gh x does n absolutely prohibit x at table4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,relaxation ,,( ,,pay ,,day ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,bas ,,obispo ,,z ,,! ,,fr5* ,,left ,,x ,! saloons ( ! ,zone1 view$ sup]ficially1 seem$ to be conduct$ = ! conv5i5ce & com=t ( ! day labor+ class--! silv] employees--ma9ly4 ,! police regulations made any p>ticul> attractiv5ess o!r ?an t suppli$ by _! /ock 9 trade q impossible4 ,!y c\ld n h *airs or tables--8p]p5dicul> dr9k+0 0 ! rigid rule4 ,!y c\ld n h cozy corn]s1 snugg]ies1 or scre5s--all dr9k+ mu/ be done at ! b> & 9 full view ( ! pass]s-by4 ,p]haps ^! rules disc\rag$ ! saloonkeep]s f any attempt to attract ! bett] class ( cu/om4 ,at any rate ! glitt] ( mirrors & ( cut glass 0 notably abs5t & ! %e5 ( mahogany 0 m app>5t 9 ! complexions ( ! patrons ?an on ! woodwork ( ! b>4 ,!y 7 frankly r\gh1 fronti] :isky %ops1 places t cat] to m5 :o want dr9k r ?an companion%ip1 & :o :5 tir$ ( /&+ at ! b> c get out4 ,accord+ly mo/ ( ! saloons 7 9 ! day labor] qu>t]s1 & x 0 seldom inde$ t a 8gold employee0 or sal>i$ man above ! grade ( day labor] 0 se5 9 "o4 ,! saloons paid a high lic5se tax :i* 0 appropriat$ to ! s*ools ( ! ,zone1 & !y 7 %ut %>p at elev5 o'clock because1 z ! *ief ( police expla9$1 8we want all ! labor]s fit & he>ty = "w :5 ! morn+ :i/le bl[s04 ,illu/ration3 ,,convicts ,,build+ ,a ,,commission ,,road ,! excell5ce ( ^! roads %\ld be an object lesson to ,c5tral ,am]ica ,t is ! keynote ( all law & rule on ! ,zone--to keep ! employees fit = "w4 ,if morals & sobriety are advanc$ :y s mu* ! bett]1 b !y are only by-products ( ! ma*9e :i* is set to gr9d out s _m units ( human labor p] work+ day4 ,unhappily all ! safegu>ds made & provid$ on ! ,zone are miss+ 9 ! code by :i* ! saloons ( ,colon & ,panama are regulat$--if a wide-op5 policy is to be describ$ z regulation4 ,^! two t[ns at ! two ends ( ! ,panama ,railroad are1 "o or ! o!r1 )9 an h\r's ride ( any village on ! l9e4 ,_! saloons are _m1 v>i$ & l>gely disreputable4 ,! m seque/]$ ones h atta*$ to !m ! evils :i* commonly hang ab\t l[ dr9k+ places1 & ! doors sw+ hospitably op5 to ! resid5t ( ! ,zone1 :e!r he be a ,canal work] or a soldi] or m>9e f "o ( ! camps4 ,! uni=m$ m5 are m 9 evid5ce ?an !y ought to be--m ?an !y w\ld be if an erratic & un9=m$ public s5tim5t at home _h n l$ ,congress to close ! army cante5s 9 :i* ! soldi] c\ld h 8 be] or light w9e amid ord]ly surr\nd+s4 ,if ! good ladies ( ! ,w4 ,c4 ,t4 ,u4 :o hold ! abolition ( ! army cante5 "o ( _! triumphs c\ld see ! surr\nd+s into :i* ! enli/$ man is driv51 & "k ! sort ( /uff he is l$ to dr9k1 !y might d\bt ! wisdom ( _! p]fect$ "w4 ,b z "o aft] ano!r ,secret>ies ( ,w> & ,g5]als ( ! ,army h unavail+ly plead$ = a return to ! cante5 sy/em1 x is unlikely t facts pres5t$ by a m]e writ] w h any effect on ! n>r[ illib]ality :i* prompt$ ! ,congressional action4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,con/ruction ,,"w ,,%[+ ,,concrete ,,c>ri]s ,,& ,,m\lds ,! buckets conta9+ concrete are controll$ f a /ation 9 ! /eel scaffold+--run out1 /opp$ & empti$ at ! prop] po9t ,x is a curi\s fact t 9 ! tropics :]e "o w\ld expect to f9d cool+ r ?an heat+ bev]ages z a rule ! dem& is *iefly = ! 8h>d /uff40 ,! walls ( ! saloons1 ! floors ( ! cant9as1 or native dr9k+ places1 are cov]$ ) bottles or b>rels ( :isky1 rum1 br&y & g94 ,only 9 places frequ5t$ by ! ,spani% & ,italians are ! light] w9es (t5 se54 ,! ,jamaica negro is devot$ to ! rum ( 8 c\ntry1 & "o sees him cont9ually 9 ! mo/ unexpect$ places produc+ a qu>t bottle f "s my/]i\s hid+ place 9 8 scanty clo?+1 & b5evol5tly treat+ 8 cr[d4 ,9 excess--& t is :at he aims at--x makes him qu>relsome & a v fair %>e ( ! #gjjj annual arre/s on ! ,zone are due to ! =tuit\s comb9ation ( ! two *ief products ( ,jamaica--rum & ! black4 ,x is d\btful1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! ,jamaican c\ld be kept to 8 "w )\t 8 tipple1 & x 0 = t reason t ! unusual exp$i5t ( p]mitt+ liquor sell+ on a gov]nm5t res]vation 0 adopt$4 ,! ,commiss>y bran* ( ! ,subsi/5ce ,dep>tm5t is a colossal bus9ess run by ! gov]nm5t = ! good ( ! dwell]s on ! ,zone4 ,x ga!rs toge!r f ! ends ( ! e>? ev]y?+ ne$ful = ^! pamp]$ w>ds ( ,uncle ,sam1 & sells its /ock practically at co/ price4 ,f p9s to pianos1 f pigs-knuckles to pt de foie gras y c get e article ( use or luxury at ! ,commiss>y4 ,at lea/ y c 9 !ory1 9 fact ! /atem5t ne$s ton+ d[n a little1 = y w he> pl5ty ( grumbl+ on ! ,zone ab\t ! scanty satisfaction d]iv$ f %opp+ 9 8t old ,commiss>y40 ,illu/ration3 ,,h[ ,,! ,,natives ,,ga!r ,,cocoanuts ,all ! same its activities are amaz+4 ,x laund]s l95 at prices t make ! t\ri/ :o has to pay ! *>ges ( ! ,tivoli ,laundry envy ! employees _! privileges4 ,x bakes bread1 cake & pies = ! :ole #fe1jjj ( ! work+ population1 & does x ) su* nice calculation t !re is nev] an ov]/ock & ! bread is always fre%4 ,ev]y?+ ( c\rse is done by ma*9]y4 ,knead+ d\gh = bread & mix+ cem5t & gravel to make concrete are m]ely co-ord9ate tasks 9 ! process ( build+ ! ,canal & bo? are p]=m$ 9 ! way to get ! be/ results 9 ! lea/ "t4 ,ev]y?+ is done by :olesale1 ,hamburg] /eak is mu* lik$ on ! ,i/hmus1 s ! ,commiss>y has a neat ma*9e :i* makes #ejj p\nds ( x 9 a bat*4 ,t rem9ds me1 ( a ho/ess :o pref]r$ to make h] own ,hamburg] /eak1 & s told h] ,jamaica cook to m9ce up a piece ( beef4 ,be+ disquiet$ by ! noise ( *opp+1 %e return$ to ! kit*5 to f9d ! cook dilig5tly p]=m+ ! appo9t$ task ) a hat*et4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,elliott ,,look+ ,,d[n ,,miraflores ,,locks ,9 ! icy dep?s ( ! cold /orage plant at ,cri/obal1 :]e ! temp]ature hov]s ar\nd #ad degrees1 :ile x is av]ag+ #if outside1 y walk ?r\gh long av5ues ( dress$ beef1 broad p]golas hung ) froz5 *ick51 ducks & game1 sunk5 g>d5s ( cabbage1 c>rots1 caulifl[] & o!r vegetable prov5d]4 ,y come to a spot :]e a light fla%es fitfully f an orifice :i* is pres5tly clos$ z a man b[s 8 head be=e x4 ,he /raight5s up1 ! light fla%es & is aga9 blott$ out4 ,y f9d1 on clos] approa*1 two m5 te/+ eggs by pe]+ ?r\gh !m at an electric light4 ,betwixt !m !y gaze ?us into ! v s\l ( ?is g]m ( life #cj1jjj times a day1 = ?us _m eggs d !y h&le4 ,yet ! odds are t nei!r has read ! answ] to ! riddle1 8did ! fir/ h5 lay ! fir/ egg1 or ! fir/ egg hat* ! fir/ *ick580 ,unless reliev$ by "s su* philosophical problem to occupy ! m9d "o might ?9k ! egg te/]'s job w\ld savor ( monotony4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hospital ,,at ,,bocas ,out ( ! railroad y>ds at ,cri/obal at #c3de e morn+ />ts ! ,commiss>y tra91 usually ( #ba c>s1 #aa ( :i* are refrig]at$4 ,its bus9ess is to deliv] to all ! consum]s along ! #dg miles ( ,canal villages & camps ! supplies = ! day4 ,n9ete5 /ores1 & z _m kit*5s1 messes & hotels1 mu/ be suppli$4 ,ice mu/ be deliv]$ to ea* h\sehold by eight 9 ! morn+4 ,ice is "o ( ! ?+s t ! employees d n get free1 b ?\gh nature has no %>e 9 mak+ x1 !y get x *eap] ?an our own p1 = :om nature manufactures x gratis & a few m5 monopolize ! supply4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,new ,,am]ican ,,docks ,,at ,,cri/obal ,if "o is fond ( big figures ! records ( ! ,commiss>y ,dep>tm5t furni% !m4 ,! bak]y = example puts =? ov] #f1jjj1jjj loaves ( bread1 #fea1hdd rolls & #aad1acd p\nds ( cake annually4 ,panama is a clean c\ntry4 ,e t\ri/ exclaims at ! multitud9\s companies ( native wom5 p]petually wa%+ at ! riv]'s br9k & 9 ! int]ior ,i nev] saw a native hut )\t quantities ( wa% spread out to dry4 ,b ! ,commiss>y laundry beats native indu/ry ) a record 9 "o ye> ( #c1eha1ibc pieces laund]$--& x isn't mu* ( a climate = 8bil$0 %irts & />*$ coll>s ei!r4 ,!re is a really ent]pris+ proposition "u consid]ation = ! ret5tion ( ?is laundry4 ,a %ip go+ we/ w\ld l& all its laundry "w at ,cri/obal & by ! "t x _h made ! passage ( ! ,canal--#aj h\rs--all w\ld be deliv]$ clean at ,balboa via ! railroad4 ,ea/ b\nd %ips w\ld s5d _! laundry f ,balboa by rail4 ,x is an amaz+ climate = ice cream1 h[ev]1 & ! ,commiss>y suppli$ #aaj1bjh gallons ( t4 ,"s o!r annual figures t help to complete ! picture ( m]e size are butt]1 #dbi1bfg p\nds2 eggs1 #gib1jdc doz52 p\ltry1 #efj1jjj p\nds2 fl\r1 #cbj1dia p\nds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ox ,,me?od ,,( ,,transportation ,z ,i said be=e1 ! population ( ! ,zone1 f$ ma9ly ?r\gh ! ,commiss>y1 numb]s ab\t #fe1jjj4 ,:5 "o reads ( ! quantity ( food ne$$ "o wond]s at ! skill & en]gy t mu/ h be5 employ$ 9 our ,civil ,w> to keep armies ( #cjj1jjj & m 9 ! field4 ,h[ev]1 9 ^? days p]haps eggs & ice cream did n figure 9 ! ,commiss>iat1 & we h no /ati/ics z to p\ltry1 ?\gh ! poet laureate ( ,%]man's army ref]r$ feel+ly to 8h[ ! turkeys gobbl$ t our ,commiss>ies f\nd40 ,illu/ration3 ,,road ,,mak+ ,,by ,,convicts ,! ,commiss>y is n :olly popul>4 ,native %op keep]s1 ( c\rse1 are aga9/ x4 ,= a "t ,zone employees 7 p]mitt$ to use _! books ( c\pons = pur*ases 9 native /ores1 ! /orekeep]s aft]w>ds ex*ang+ !m = ca% at ! ,commiss>y4 ,?is practice = "s reason has be5 rul$ out1 & ! native /ores lo/ a c]ta9 am\nt ( trade by ! rul+4 ,nor are ! natives ! only discont5t$ ones4 ,am]icans 9 ,panama1 n 9 ! employ ( ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission1 are incl9$ to grumble because !y are n p]mitt$ to make pur*ases at ! ,commiss>y4 ,t1 h[ev]1 0 a matt] ( s]i\s agreem5t betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,republic ( ,panama4 ,:5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates fir/ ann\nc$ its purpose ( tak+ ov] ! ,zone & build+ ! ,canal1 !re 0 joy among ! bus9ess folks ( ,panama & ,colon4 ,!y saw fat pick+s 9 purvey+ ! necessities ( life = a new population ( consid]able size4 ,visions ( ! return ( ! flu% times ( ! ,fr5* engag$ _! imag9ations4 ,all ^! pleasurable anticipations 7 d\s$ "u ! wet blanket ( ! ,commiss>y into :i* goes ! major "p ( ! sp5d+ money ( ! employees4 ,b !re are ,am]icans on ! ,zone1 o!r ?an employees & _! families1 & ^! by a solemn int]national compact are h&$ ov] to ! ,panamanian m]cies4 ,to buy at ! ,commiss>y y mu/ h a c\pon book1 & )\t an employee's numb] & brass *eck no c\pon book w be =?com+4 ,( c\rse _m evade ! rule by borr[+ a book f a fri5d1 b aft] "o has ?us evad$ ! provisions ( a treaty1 "o usually f9ds !re is no?+ special to buy aft] all4 ,my own op9ion is t = ! necessities ( life ! ,commiss>y is all v well1 b lacks 9 ^? sup]fluities = :i* e "o ye>ns4 ,! two gov]nm5ts1 by ! way1 :i* protect$ ! ,panama m]*ants aga9/ ,am]ican competition also protect$ a h&ful ( ,panamanians 9 _! clut* ^u c]ta9 municipal monopolies4 ,) ! completion ( its p[] h\se at ,gatun ! ,canal ,commission w h a great volume ( p[] to sell or wa/e4 ,wa/$ x w h to be1 = a gr\p ( capitali/s control ! light & p[] company 9 ,panama ,city1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates has agre$ n to compete ) !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,entrance ,,to ,,b\quette ,,valley ,illu/ration3 ,,cocoanut ,,palms ,,ne> ,,ancon ,sal>ies on ! ,zone dur+ ! p]iod ( ! 8big job0 7 mu* high] ?an 9 ! ,/ates1 b x is probable t ^u reorganization !y w be mat]ially r$uc$ = ^? :o rema9 9 p]man5t s]vice--( ^! ,col4 ,goe?als reckons t !re w be = ! ,canal alone ab\t #bgjj4 ,if ! ,panama ,railroad organization %\ld be kept up to its pres5t /r5g? !re w be 9 all ab\t #ggjj m5 employ$4 ,?is is altoge!r unlikely h[ev]4 ,! railroad w no long] h ! con/ruction "w & dbris ( ! ,canal to c>ry1 & ! %ips w take mu* ( its comm]cial bus9ess away4 ,dur+ ! con/ruction p]iod ! wages paid 7 z foll[s3 ,col4 ,goe?als #ba1jjj ,o!r ,commission]s1 ea* #ad1jjj ,cl]ks #ge to #bej mon?ly ,=em5 #ge #bge ,eng9e]s #bbe #fjj ,draftsm5 #ajj #bej ,ma/] me*anics #bbe #bge ,physicians #aej #cjj ,tea*]s #fj #aaj ,policem5 #hj #ajg4ej ,! m9imum wage ( a gold employee is #ge a mon?2 ! maximum1 except 9 ! case ( heads ( dep>tm5ts1 #fjj4 ,! h\rly pay 9 "s sample trades 01 blacksmi?1 #cj to #ge c5ts2 bricklay]s1 #fe c5ts2 c>p5t]s1 #cb to #fe c5ts2 iron work]s1 #dd to #gj c5ts2 pa9t]s1 #cb to #fe c5ts2 plumb]s1 #cb to #ge c5ts4 ,9 ! high] paid trades /eam eng9e]s e>n$ #ge to #bjj a mon?2 locomotive eng9e]s f #abe to #baj1 & /eam %ovel eng9e]s #baj to #bdj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,religi\s ,,procession ,,at ,,*orr]a ,! figure ( ! ,savior is fa9tly %[n beh9d ! c5tral crucifix1 rid+ on a mule ,"s ( ! h\rly rates are said to be ne>ly d\ble ^? paid 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! work]s _h ! add$ advantages ( free qu>t]s & ! o!r p]quisites ( employm5t h]et(ore describ$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,op5+ ,,! ,,cocoanut ,! natives cut op5 ! gre5 nuts ) swift cuts ( _! heavy ma*etes4 ,a miss w\ld co/ a f+] ,! ,canal ,zone is n a democracy4 ,x has no con/itution s f> z its resid5ts are conc]n$4 ,!re are no elections & no elect$ (fic]s4 ,naturally1 h[ev]1 x mu/ ne$s h a gov]nm5t1 ?\gh ! individual w ( ,col4 ,goe?als has suffici5t au?ority to ov]ride t gov]nm5t if he *ooses to ex]t x4 ,b = ! ord]ly dis*>ge ( public bus9ess !re exi/s ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,civil ,adm9i/ration ) ,commission] ,maurice ,h4 ,?at*] z its *ief dur+ ! la/ ye> ( ! con/ructive "w4 ,gov4 ,?at*] 0 appo9t$ 9 #aiji & br\ght 8 dep>tm5t to a high /ate ( effici5cy4 ,?is dep>tm5t has sup]vision ov] ! po/s1 rev5ues & cu/oms1 ! police & fire dep>tm5ts1 ! ,division ( ,public ,works1 & s*ools1 *ur*es & ! judici>y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rice ,,/ack$ ,,= ,,dry+ ,!re 71 dur+ ! p]iod ( greate/ activity1 #ag po/ (fices on ! ,zone4 ,! /amps us$ are ,panama /amps1 pur*as$ f ! ,republic at #dj p] c5t ( _! face value & ) ! words 8,canal ,zone0 pr9t$ across _! face4 ,/amps to ! am\nt ( ab\t #hj1jjj 7 sold annually & ! money ord] bus9ess dur+ ! active ye>s exce$$ #e1jjj1jjj annually1 mo/ ( :i* repres5t$ ! sav+s ( ! work]s4 ,! ,zone police =ce compels admiration4 ,x is n spectacul>1 b is em95tly bus9ess-l & ) ! het]og5e\s population ) :i* x has to deal x has no d\bt be5 busy4 ,at ! outset ,presid5t ,roosevelt s5t d[n to comm& x an old "t ,r\gh ,rid] comrade ( 84 ,9 late ye>s a regul> army (fic] has be5 ,*ief ( ,police4 ,at t p]iod x 0 a problem4 ,n only 0 ! population r\gh & ( mix$ antec$5ts1 b _m =eign nations 7 look+ on ! ,i/hmus z an excell5t dump+ place = _! crim9als & o!r undesirable citiz5s4 ,x 0 n q ,botany ,bay1 b bade fair to rival t unsavory p5al colony4 ,clos] scrut9y ( applicants = employm5t *eck$ t t5d5cy1 & a vigor\s en=cem5t ( ! crim9al law toge!r ) ! application ( ! p[] to deport undesirables soon r$uc$ ! population to ord]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bullock ,,c>t ,,9 ,,*orr]a ,9 ! e>ly days crimes ( viol5ce 7 common4 ,if "o c>ri$ money x 0 wise to c>ry a gun z well4 ,organiz$ b&its us$ to te> up ! railroad tracks & wantonly de/roy prop]ty = no reason save to satisfy a grudge aga9/ ! ,commission4 ,b ! organization ( ! police =ce /opp$ x all4 ,9 ! cities ( ,colon & ,panama is little or no public gambl+1 & ! brood ( outlaws t foll[ ! goddess *ance are n to be f\nd !re4 ,on ! ,zone is no gambl+ at all4 ,ev5 private pok] games1 if !y become habitual1 are brok5 up by quiet w>n+s f ! police4 ,x isn't t !re is any great moral av]sion to pok]1 b m5 :o sit up all night ) c>ds & *ips are n good at ! draw+ bo>d or ) a transit ! next day4 ,ev]y?+ on ! ,zone1 f ! food 9 ! ,commiss>y to ! moral code1 is design$ ) an eye s+le to its effect on ! work+ capacity ( ! m54 ,x is a =tunate ?+ t bad morals d n z a rule conduce to indu/rial effici5cy1 else ,i %udd] at :at ,col4 ,goe?als might be tempt$ to d to ! ,decalogue4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,sun ,,sett+ ,,9 ,,! ,,atlantic ,,at ,,ligh?\se ,,po9t ,! police =ce 9 its latt] days 0 9 ! comm& ( a regul> army (fic]4 ,9 #aiac x numb]$ #ccb policem51 two inspectors & a *ief4 ,( ! policem5 #ij 7 negroes1 all ( :om _h be5 9 ! ,we/ ,india con/abul>y or 9 ,we/ ,indian regim5ts ( ! ,briti% army4 ,! :ite policem5 _h all s]v$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates army1 navy or m>9e corps4 ,! m5 are g>b$ 9 khaki1 & look m l cavalrym5 ?an police (fic]s--inde$ a /alw>t1 well-setup body ( a high ord] ( intellig5ce & excell5t c>riage4 ,arre/s are num]\s1 yet n m s ?an 9 an ,am]ican city ( #fe1jjj p4 ,( ab\t #aej convicts ne>ly all are black & ^! are employ$ 9 ! con/ruction ( roads )9 ! ,zone4 ,! "w ( ! police is greatly exp$it$ by ! cel]ity ( practice 9 ! c\rts4 ,t ,anglo-,saxon feti%1 trial by jury1 is religi\sly obs]v$1 b ! juries are ( ?ree m5 in/ead ( twelve & are held /rictly to ! consid]ation ( que/ions ( fact alone4 ,!re is a full equipm5t ( civil & crim9al c\rts ) an appellate division1 b no appeal lies to ! c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re d n seem to be _m lawy]s 9 ! ,zone1 h5ce !re is little litigation--or p]haps because !re is little litigation !re are few lawy]s4 ,x is always a moot$ "q :e!r lawy]s are ! cause or ! effect ( litigation1 ! bane or ! antidote4 ,*ildr5 ?rive on ! ,canal ,zone4 ,ne>ly e visitor :o has _h ! "t to g into ! resid5ce sections ( ,culebra1 ,gorgona & o!r l>ge ,canal villages has exclaim$ at ! numb] ( *ildr5 visible & _! uni=m good heal?4 ,naturally !re=e a s*ool sy/em has gr[n up ( :i* ,am]icans1 :o lead ! _w 9 public education1 may well be pr\d4 ,?ree ?\s& pupils are enroll$1 & besides a sup]9t5d5t & g5]al (ficials1 eighty tea*]s att5d to _! education4 ,! s*ool build+s are plann$ & equipp$ accord+ to ! mo/ approv$ requirem5ts = s*ool hygi5e1 & are especially adapt$ to ! tropics--:i* means t ! rooms are op5 to ! air on at lea/ two sides1 & t wide aisles & spaces betwe5 ! desks give e *ild at lea/ twice ! air space he w\ld h _h 9 a nor!rn s*ool4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fruitful ,,mango ,,tree ,! *ildr5 l _! eld]s come 9 = ! b5efic5ce ( ! ,commission4 ,free books1 free /ation]y1 free m$ical treatm5t & free transportation are provid$ = all4 ,pr(4 ,frank ,a4 ,gause1 sup]9t5d5t ( ! ,zone s*ools1 is an ,indianian & has tak5 a ju/ifiable pride 9 develop+ ! s*ool sy/em !re s t x %all be on a p> ) ! s*ool ( l grades 9 8! ,/ates40 ,he decl>es t s f> z ! color$ s*ools are conc]n$ !y are ( a high] degree ( excell5ce ?an ^? 9 our m nor!rn communities4 ,native & ,we/ ,indian *ildr5 att5d ! s*ools ( ?is class1 9 :i* ! tea*]s are color$ m5 :o h graduat$ 9 ! be/ ,we/ ,indian colleges & :o h _h ample tea*+ exp]i5ce 9 ,we/ ,indian s*ools4 ,! curriculum ( ! ,zone s*ools cov]s all ! grades up to ! eigh?1 t is ! prim>y & gramm> s*ool grades1 & a well-conduct$ high s*ool z well4 ,pupils h be5 prep>$ = ,h>v>d1 ,wellesley1 ,vass> & ! ,univ]sity ( ,*icago4 ,! :ite s*ools are all taught by ,am]ican tea*]s1 ea* ( :om mu/ h _h f\r ye>s' high s*ool tra9+1 two ye>s 9 ei!r a univ]sity or a normal s*ool & two ye>s ( practical tea*+ exp]i5ce4 ,^! requirem5ts are obvi\sly high] ?an ^? ( ! av]age ,am]ican city s*ool sy/em4 ,pr(4 ,gause decl>es t politics & ! recomm5dation ( politicians h no %>e 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! ,zone s*ools1 ?\gh ! ef=ts ( ,wa%+ton /atesm5 to place _! relatives on ! payroll h be5 frequ5t & p]si/5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,complet$ ,,canal ,,ne> ,,gatun ,= ! native & ,we/ ,indian *ildr5 a c\rse 9 horticulture is giv5 & s*ool g>d5s e/abli%$ 9 :i* radi%es1 beans1 peas1 okra1 papayas1 bananas1 turnips1 cabbages1 lettuce1 tomatoes1 & yams are cultivat$4 ,x is wor? not+ t consid]able success has be5 a*iev$ ) products ( ! temp]ate zone1 ?\gh especial c>e 0 ne$$ = _! cultivation4 ,"o g>d5 ( ?ree-qu>t]s ( an acre produc$ vegetables wor? #cej4 ,!re is a t5d5cy among ,am]icans on ! ,zone to decry ! soil z unfit = any pr(itable agriculture4 ,a v excell5t report on 8,! ,agricultural ,possibilities ( ! ,canal ,zone01 issu$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 %\ld effectually /ill ?is sort ( talk4 ,to ! m]e sup]ficial obs]v] x seems incr$ible t a soil :i* produces su* a weal? ( useless vegetation %\ld be unable to produce any?+ useful1 & ! sci5ti/s ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture h %[n t t p>adoxical condition does n exi/4 ,practically all our nor!rn vegetables & _m ( our mo/ desirable fruits c be rais$ on ! ,zone accord+ to ?is report1 & x goes on to say3 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,travell+ ,,cranes ,,at ,,miraflores 8,opportunities = e/abli%+ pay+ dairy h]ds appe> good1 444 !re is unque/ionably a good op5+ = rais+ bo? pork & p\ltry4 ,small f>m+1 includ+ ! production ( vegetables & *oice tropical fruits1 su* z ! avocado1 mango1 papaya1 p9eapple1 orange1 guava1 anona1 etc41 c be c>ri$ on pr(itably ) ! application ( int5sive me?ods1 c\pl$ ) prop] c>e 9 ! selection ( crop v>ieties & soil4 ,! supply ( p9eapples1 avocados1 & papayas is v mu* bel[ ! dem&1 not)/&+ ! fact t ^! fruits are app>5tly well adapt$ to a consid]able portion ( ! ,zone4 ,) ! introduction ( v>ieties ( mangos bett] ?an ! se$l+ types n[ gr[n ?is fruit c\ld be made v mu* m popul> ) ! nor!rn population4 ,z an evid5ce ( ! good opportunities = ! production ( *oice fruits n only to supply local dem&1 b = export trade1 ! ,isl& ( ,taboga 9 ,panama may be cit$4 ,"h ^u v /eep slopes1 includ+ mu* extremely /ony l&1 l>ge quantities ( delightfully flavor$ p9eapples are gr[n = %ipm5t4 ,! mango & avocada 7aguacate7 are also %ipp$ f ?is small isl& ) pr(it04 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,review ,,at ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,roosevelt ,,receptions ,illu/ration3 ,,pacific ,,flats ,,left ,,by ,,rec$+ ,,tide ,! fall is #ah feet & ! rec$+ tide leaves m ?an a mile ?us b>e ,consid]ation ( ! agricultural & indu/rial possibilities ( ! ,canal ,zone is made desirable1 inde$ imp]ative1 by ! proposition ( ! milit>y au?orities to ab&on ! :ole t]ritory to ! jungle--to expel f x e human be+ n employ$ by ! ,canal ,commission or ! ,panama ,railroad1 or n hav+ bus9ess ( "s sort 9 connection ) ^? organizations4 ,?is 0 n 9 contemplation 9 ! e>ly days ( ! ,zone4 ,x 0 plann$ to invite settlem5t1 ?\gh reta9+ ! actual own]%ip ( ! l& to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by way ( enc\rag+ su* settlem5t ! ,i/hmian ,commission 0 au?oriz$ to lease to settl]s f>ms n exce$+ #ej hect>es 7#abe acres7 ea*1 at an annual r5tal ( #c a hect>e4 ,?is 0 n p>ticul>ly attractive & ! proposition 0 made less s by limit+ ! p]iod ( leases to tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,moreov] ! limitation on ! size ( ! individual f>m made cattle f>m+ q impossible1 & ev5 ord9>y f>m+ d\btful1 = 9 #ej hect>es ! actual area ( good f>m+ l& is likely to be small4 ,al?\gh criticism ( ^! provisions 0 curr5t1 9 #aiac no?+ 0 done = _! correction because ( ! vigor ) :i* ! milit>y au?orities urg$ ! entire depopulation ( ! ,zone4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,:al] ,,at ,,pe>l ,,isl& ,t proposition has n yet come be=e ! ,am]ican p4 ,x has n ev5 be5 debat$ 9 ,congress1 b at ! mom5t ( ! publication ( ?is book ! ,commission is proce$+ calmly ) its arrangem5ts1 z ?\gh ! program 7 def9itely fix$4 ,! argum5t advanc$ by ,col4 ,goe?als & o!r milit>y exp]ts is t ! ,canal is prim>ily a milit>y "w4 ,t ! ,canal ,zone exi/s only because ( & = ! ,canal1 & %\ld be s gov]n$ z to protect ! dams & locks f any trea*]\s assault is admitt$4 ,! advocates ( ! depopulation program insi/ t ) a resid5ce on ! ,zone refus$ to any save ^? employ$ by ! ,commission & subject to its daily control1 ) ! l& gr[n up once m into an imp5etrable jungle s t access to ! ,canal c be _h only ?r\gh its two ends1 or by ! ,panama ,railroad--bo? easily gu>d$--! ,canal w be safe f ! dynamit] hir$ by "s ho/ile gov]nm5t4 ,x may be s1 b !re is ano!r side to ! "q4 ,! ,canal ,zone is an outpo/ ( a high civilization 9 ! tropics4 ,x af=ds object lessons to ! neighbor+ republics ( ,c5tral ,am]ica 9 ar*itecture1 sanitation1 road build+1 education1 civil gov]nm5t & inde$ all ! practical arts t g to make a ,/ate com=table & prosp]\s4 ,)\t int5tion to (f5d any ( ! neighbor+ ,/ates x may fairly be said t ! ,zone1 if ma9ta9$ accord+ to its pres5t /&>ds1 %\ld ex]cise an influ5ce = good on all ( !m4 ,x is ! little leav5 t may leav5 ! :ole lump4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,old ,,well ,,at ,,*iriqui ,t x c be ma9ta9$ ) its pres5t population is ( c\rse impossible4 ,:5 ! employm5t1 furni%$ by ! con/ruction ( ! ,canal is f9i%$1 ! army ( eng9e]s & labor]s w dis9tegrate & scatt] to o!r fields ( indu/ry4 ,?is process is already begun4 ,our gov]nm5t 9 secur+ labor f ! ,we/ ,india isl&s assum$ ! task ( return+ ! labor]s to _! homes at ! expiration ( _! t]m ( s]vice & ?is is n[ be+ done1 ?\gh n s rapidly z w\ld h be5 ! case except = ! p]si/5t activity ( ! slides at ,culebra4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t gifts ( l&1 in/ead ( passage money home1 w\ld be acceptable to ^! labor]s1 n m]ely ,we/ ,indians1 b ,europeans z well4 ,?r[n op5 to settlem5t "u prop] conditions ! ,zone w\ld no d\bt attract a c]ta9 class ( agriculturi/s f ! ,/ates4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,good ,,yield ,,( ,,cocoanuts ,und\bt$ly !re w be a field = skill$ agricultural endeavor !re4 ,z ,i h already not$ ,col4 ,goe?als e/imates ! necess>y =ce = ! op]ation ( ! ,canal at #bgjj4 ,= ! op]ation ( ! ,panama ,railroad 9 #aiac five ?\s& m5 7 requir$ b ) ! cessation ( ,canal "w ?is numb] w\ld be l>gely r$uc$4 ,probably #fjjj m5 w\ld con/itute ! work+ =ce ( bo? ,canal & railroad4 ,a work+ =ce ( t numb] w\ld create a population ( ab\t #ae1jjj4 ,!re is fur!r ! milit>y =ce to be consid]$4 ,col4 ,goe?als /r5u\sly urg$ t #be1jjj m5 be kept on ! ,i/hmus p]man5tly1 b ! op9ion ( ,congress1 t[>d ! p]iod ( ! op5+ ( ! ,canal1 seem$ to be t ab\t #gjjj w\ld be suffici5t4 ,9 all probability ! latt] figure w be ! smalle/ numb] ( m5 t w g to make up ! milit>y e/abli%m5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*olo ,,girls ,,at ,,! ,,/ream ,!re is e reason to believe t at ,balboa p>ticul>ly ! %ipp+ int]e/s w create a l>ge & prosp]\s t[n1 :ile already ! cities ( ,panama & ,colon1 geographically "p ( ! ,zone1 ?\gh politically indep5d5t1 h a population ( at lea/ #fj1jjj4 ,:5 ! ,canal is once 9 op]ation !re w be f #ge1jjj to #ajj1jjj p on ! ,zone & 9 ! two native cities )9 x to furni% a m>ket = ! food products t c be rais$ on t f]tile /rip ( l&4 ,today ! vegetables ( ! temp]ate zone are br\ght #cjjj miles to ! ,zone dwell]s1 sometimes 9 cold /orage1 b *iefly 9 cans4 ,z = ^? :o live 9 ! ,panama t[ns & are d5i$ access to ! ,commiss>y1 !y get fre% vegetables only f ! limit$ supply furni%$ by ! few ,*9ese m>ket g>d5s4 ,accord+ to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture ne>ly all vegetables ( ! temp]ate clime & all tropical fruits c be gr[n on ! ,zone l&s4 ,?is be+ ! case x seems a flat affront to civilization & to ! intellig5t utilization ( natural res\rces to p]mit ^! l&s to rev]t to ! jungle1 & =ce our citiz5s & soldi]s 9 ^! tropic l&s to g )\t ! heal?-giv+ vegetable food t c\ld easily be rais$ 9 ! outskirts ( _! t[ns & camps4 ,( ! suffici5cy ( ! m>ket = ! output ( all ! f>ms = :i* ! ,zone has space & arable soil !re c be no d\bt1 = to ! t[nspeople1 ! ,canal op]atives & ! g>risons !re w be add$ ! %ips :i* rea* ,colon or ,balboa aft] long voyages & ) l>d]s empty ( fre% gre5 vegetables4 ,to ! m9d n :olly giv5 ov] to milit>ism ! idea t ?is region 9 :i* s admirable1 s unp>allel$ a beg9n+ ( indu/rial developm5t has be5 made %\ld be n[ ab&on$ is intol]able4 ,& x does n seem at all plausible t our locks & dams & spillways w\ld be saf] 9 a wild]ness patroll$ by p]functory gu>ds ?an !y w\ld be 9 a well-settl$ & ?riv+ community e man 9 :i* w\ld "k t 8 prosp]ity 0 :olly dep5d5t ^u ! peaceful & un9t]rupt$ op]ation ( ! ,canal4 ,d\btless !re w be "s discussion be=e acquiesc5ce is giv5 to ! milit>y proposition t ! ,canal ,zone--z l>ge z ! ,/ate ( ,indiana--%all be all[$ to rev]t to jungle1 be giv5 ov] to ! s]p5t1 ! slo? & ! jagu>4 ,t w\ld be a sorry anti-climax to ! "w ( ,gorgas 9 bani%+ yell[ fev] & mal>ia1 & ( ,goe?als 9 %[+ h[ an indu/rial community c\ld be organiz$1 h\s$ & f$4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,und]wood ,und]wood ,,%ipp+ ,,at ,,balboa ,,docks ,,*apt] ,,xix ,,=tifications2 ,,tolls2 ,,comm]ce ,,& ,,qu>ant9e ,) ! completion ( ! ,canal appe>$ _m problems o!r ?an ! eng9e]+ ones :i* _h = s _m ye>s engross$ public att5tion4 ,"s ( ^! problems--l ! "q :e!r ! ,canal %\ld be =tifi$ or its neutrality gu>ante$ by int]national agreem5t--_h rea*$ a conclusion dur+ ! la/ ye> ( ! con/ructive "w4 ,b ! "q ( ,canal tolls1 ! future managem5t ( ! ,canal ,zone & ! broad speculation z to ! g5]al effect ^u ! trade ( ! _w 7 /ill subjects ( discussion4 ,t !re %\ld h be5 any s]i\s opposition to ! =tification ( ! ,canal seems amaz+1 b ! promptitude ) :i* x di$ out seems to indicate t1 :ile noisy1 x _h no v solid f\ndation 9 public s5tim5t4 ,inde$ x 0 urg$ ma9ly by well-mean+ !ori/s :o condemn ^u pr9ciple any addition to ! already heavy burd5 :i* ! ne$ = ! national def5se has laid ^u ! %\ld]s ( ! p4 ,t 9 !ory !y 7 "r is und5iable4 ,p]haps ! greate/ anomaly ( ! tw5tie? c5tury is ! proportions ( our prep>ations = w> contra/$ ) our oratorical prote/ations ( a desire = peace4 ,b ! inconsi/5cies ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates are trivial 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( o!r nations1 & :ile ! :ole _w is arm$--nom9ally = def5se1 b 9 a way to enc\rage aggressions--x is wise t ! ,unit$ ,/ates put bolts on its front gate4 ,& t 9 effect is :at =ts & coa/ def5ses are4 ,!y are n aggressive1 & _c be a m5ace to any "o--ei!r to a =eign l&1 z a great navy might conceivably be1 or to our p1 z a great /&+ army might prove4 ,! guns at ,toro ,po9t & ,naos ,isl& w nev] speak1 save 9 c]emonial salute1 unless "s =eign foe m5aces ! ,canal :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates gives freely to ! peaceful trade ( ! _w4 ,b if ! m5ace %\ld be pres5t$1 x w be well n = our nation alone1 b = all ! peoples ( ! e>?1 t we are prep>$ to def5d ! integrity ( ! /rait ( :i* man has dream$ = m ?an #djj ye>s1 & 9 ! creation ( :i* ?\s&s ( useful lives h be5 sacrific$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,expla9+ ,,x ,,to ,,! ,,boss ,mi/ak5 b well-mean+ oppon5ts ( =tification h insi/$ t x 0 a violation ( our pact ) ,great ,brita91 & a brea* ( int]national comity4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is an error4 ,true1 9 ! ,clayton-,bulw] treaty ( #ahej1 bo? ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9 expressly agre$ n to =tify or assume any dom9ion ov] any "p ( ,c5tral ,am]ica ?r\gh :i* a canal might be dug4 ,b t treaty 0 expressly abrogat$ by ! ,hay-,pauncefote treaty4 ,9 its fir/ draft ?is latt] treaty conta9$ ! anti-=tification clause & 0 reject$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ate = t v reason4 ,9 its second draft ! treaty omitt$ ! ref]5ce to =tifications & 0 ratifi$4 ,"l ,lansd[ne1 "o ( ! negotiators = ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 explicitly said t he ?or\ghly und]/ood ! ,unit$ ,/ates wi%$ to res]ve ! "r to =tify ! ,canal4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,am]ican ,press ,ass'n ,,spani% ,,mona/]y ,,at ,,panama ,x 0 s cle> t no "q ( treaty obligations 0 involv$ t ! oppon5ts ( =tification e>ly dropp$ t l9e ( argum5t4 ,! discussion ( ! treaty 9 ! ,s5ate sil5c$ !m4 ,!y fell back ^u ! "q ( exp$i5cy4 8,:y01 !y ask$1 8g to ! exp5se ( build+ & mann+ =tifications & ma9ta9+ a heavy g>rison on ! ,zone8 ,:y n1 ?r\gh int]national agreem5t1 make x neutral & protect x f seizure or blockade 9 "t ( w>8 ,look at ,suez06 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,,*oco ,,indian ,,( ,,sanbu ,,valley ,?is 0 m plausible4 ,at fir/ glance ! que/ions seem answ]able 9 only "o way4 ,b consid]ation weak5s _! =ce4 ,!re is a ,lat9 copy-book maxim1 8,int] armas sil5t leges0--8,9 "t ( w> ! law is sil5t04 ,x is cynically correct4 ,int]national agreem5ts to ma9ta9 ! integrity or neutrality ( a t]ritory la/ only until "o ( ! p>ties to ! agreem5t ?9ks x pr(itable to break x4 ,x !n becomes ! bus9ess ( all ! o!r p>ties to en=ce ! pact1 & x is usually %[n t :at is ev]ybody's bus9ess is nobody's bus9ess4 ,consid] a p>tial record3 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ris+ ,,g5]ation ,! indep5d5ce ( ,korea 0 gu>ante$ by f\r ,great ,p[]s 9 #aijb4 ,inside ( two ye>s ! ,japanese ,admiral ,uriu violat$ ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,korean port ( ,*emulpo by s9k+ two ,russian cruis]s 9 x1 & %ortly !reaft] ,japan practically annex$ ! c\ntry4 ,none ( ! ,p[]s t _h 8gu>ante$0 its indep5d5ce prote/$4 ,au/ria-,hung>y 9 #aijh annex$ ,bosnia & ,h]zegov9a1 despite ! fact t sev5 ,p[]s1 includ+ ,au/ria-,hung>y h]self1 _h fix$ ! sov]eignty ( ^? prov9ces 9 ,turkey4 ,! signatory p[]s grumbl$ a little1 b t 0 all4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,e4 ,hall1 recogniz$ z ! greate/ liv+ au?ority on int]national law1 obs]ves cynically1 & tru?fully1 t 8treaties are only p]man5tly obey$ :5 !y repres5t ! cont9u$ wi%es ( ! contract+ p>ties04 ,prussia once gu>ante$ ! indep5d5ce ( ,pol&1 & 9 two ye>s took ! lead+ "p 9 blott+ x (f ! roll ( nations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ancon ,,hill1 ,,:]e ,,am]icans ,,live ,,9 ,,com=t ,illu/rations ( ! failure ( nations to obs]ve ! rights ( neutrals are common4 ,turkey & ,korea af=d rec5t illu/rations ( nations t h entru/$ _! national integrity to int]national agreem5ts4 ,no?+ rema9s ( ,korea's nationality b a "n1 & ! ,allies are rapidly c>v+ ,turkey to bits :ile ! ,great ,p[]s t gu>ante$ h] integrity look on 9 amaz$ & impot5t al>m4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates itself has n be5 :olly )\t %>e 9 su* high-h&$ proce$+s4 ,9 ! ev5t ( a g5]al w> ,panama ,canal w\ld be kept neutral j s long z our milit>y & naval p[] c\ld def5d its neutrality & no long]4 ,moreov]1 we d n want x neutral 9 a qu>rel 9 :i* we are involv$4 ,! ,canal is dug by our money & 9 our t]ritory & is "p ( our l9e ( def5se4 ,we d n propose to p]mit its passage by an enemy4 ,t w\ld be /rict neutrality inde$1 b x w\ld make ! ,canal a weakness in/ead ( a def5se4 ,)\t x our ,pacific ,coa/ is practically safe f ,european aggression2 our ,atlantic coa/ protect$ by ?\s&s ( miles ( ocean f any foe ^: naval /r5g? is 9 ! ,pacific4 ,to ?r[ op5 ! ,canal to our foes z well z to our fri5ds w\ld be l supply+ ! key to ! bank vaults to ! cracksm5 z well z to ! ca%i]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,am]ican ,press ,ass'n ,,gatun ,,lake1 ,,%[+ ,,small ,,float+ ,,isl&s ,! p>allel ) ! ,suez ,canal /r5u\sly urg$ by ! advocates ( neutrality does n hold4 ,! wat]way betwe5 ! ,m$it]ranean & ! ,r$ ,sea 0 n dug z a gov]nm5t ent]prise4 ,x 0 a di/9ctly comm]cial ent]prise1 ) its %>es li/$ ^u ! ex*anges & b\ght & sold 9 ! op5 m>ket4 ,by ! pur*ase ( a majority ( ^? %>es ! own]%ip ( ! ,canal pass$ into ! h&s ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t1 b all ! nations _h jo9$ 9 ! int]national agreem5t to protect _! individual rights be=e ! ,briti% own]%ip 0 effect$4 ,moreov]1 ,great ,brita9 is by no means cont5t ) ! safegu>ds provid$ by ! ,con/ant9ople conv5tion1 b has plant$ h] great =tresses at ,malta & at ,ad51 ne> ! ends ( ! ,canal1 & ma9ta9s 9 ! ,m$it]ranean a naval =ce equal to t ( any o!r two nations4 ,! ,c>ibbean is to be ! ,am]ican ,m$it]ranean1 & ! visible & effective p[] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ^? wat]s mu/ be equal1 probably va/ly sup]ior1 to t ( ,engl& 9 ,europe's great inl& sea4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,spectacul> ,,bla/ ,nor does ! exi/5ce ( a p[]ful navy1 ev5 ! mat]ial multiplication ( our pres5t naval =ce1 obviate to any consid]able degree ! necessity = p[]ful =ts at ei!r end ( ! ,canal4 ,our fleet _c be an*or$ dur+ ! cont9uance ( a w> to any "o fix$ po9t4 ,! navy is ess5tially an (f5sive =ce1 its "p 9 ! def5se ( our c\ntry be+ be/ p]=m$ by keep+ ! enemy busy def5d+ 8 own4 ,f>ragut said t ! be/ def5se aga9/ ! attack ( any enemy is ! rapid fire ( y\r own guns4 ,ext5d ?is pr9ciple & x appe>s t ! be/ way to def5d our own coa/s is to m5ace ^? ( ! enemy4 ,?is pr9ciple 0 n appli$ 9 our rec5t w> ) ,spa91 b we _h n ! navy !n1 & diplomatic consid]ations fur!r int]v5$ to prev5t our employ+ aga9/ ,spa9's sea coa/ cities su* vessels z we _h4 ,%\ld we rely :olly on ! navy to def5d our ,canal entrances a m]e demon/ration aga9/ ^? po9ts w\ld tie up a consid]able portion ( our float+ =ce1 :ile an enemy's ma9 fleet might ravage our ?ickly populat$ sea coa/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,view ,,( ,,colon ,discussion ( ?is "q1 h[ev]1 is l>gely academic1 = ! =tification ( ! ,canal has be5 det]m9$ ^u1 & con/ruction ( ! =ts is well advanc$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "s disquietude ov] a fe>1 express$ by ! late ,admiral ,evans1 t ! topography at ! ,atlantic t]m9us ( ! ,canal is su* t =tifications1 h[ev] great _! /r5g?1 w\ld n be suffici5t to prev5t ! enemy hold+ a position s ne> ! ,canal's m\? z to be able to conc5trate its fire on ea* %ip z x em]g$ & ?us de/roy s]iatim any fleet seek+ to make ! passage ( ! ,canal4 ,! criticism 0 a s]i\s "o4 ,ev5 to ! civilian m9d ! inequalities ( a battle 9 :i* six or eight battle%ips c conc5trate _! broadside fire on a s+le %ip navigat+ a n>r[ & tortu\s *annel & able to reply ) h] b[ guns only are suffici5tly obvi\s4 ,inde$ ! criticism 0 held ( suffici5t =ce to be ref]r$ to ! ,g5]al ,bo>d ( ! ,navy1 :i*1 aft] due consid]ation1 made a report ( :i* ! foll[+ quotations =m ! sub/ance3 8,! ,g5]al ,bo>d believes t ! propos$ =tifications at ! t]m9i ( ! ,i/hmian ,canal w\ld be invaluable 9 assi/+ ! transf] ( a ,unit$ ,/ates fleet f "o ocean to ! o!r ?r\gh ! ,canal1 9 ! face ( an oppos+ fleet4 ,! function ( ! =tifications 9 ?is p>ticul> is precisely ! same at ! ,canal t]m9i z x is at any =tifi$ place f :i* a fleet may h to issue 9 ! face ( an enemy's fleet4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,por* ,,at ,,culebra 8,guns m\nt$ on %ore are on an uns9kable & /eady plat=m1 & !y c be provid$ ) unlimit$ protection & accurate range-f9d+ devices4 ,guns m\nt$ on bo>d %ip are on a s9kable1 un/eady plat=m1 _! protection is limit$1 & range-f9d+ devices on bo>d %ip h a v limit$ range ( accuracy4 ,! %ore gun ( equal p[] has ?us a great advantage ov] ! %ip gun :i* is univ]sally recogniz$1 & ?is advantage is increas$ if ! =m] be m\nt$ on disappe>+ c>riages1 z are ! seacoa/ guns ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! m]e /atem5t ( ^! elem5t>y facts is a suffici5t pro( ( ! value ( seacoa/ guns to assi/ a fleet 9 pass+ out f beh9d !m to engage a wait+ ho/ile fleet outside1 provid$ ! %ore guns are m\nt$ 9 advance (1 or abrea/1 ! po9t :]e ! %ip *annel jo9s ! op5 sea4 ,ev5 if some:at retir$ f t po9t !y w\ld be useful1 b to a less ext5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,am]ican ,press ,ass'n ,,av5ida ,,c5trale1 ,,panama1 ,,ne> ,,! ,,/ation ,illu/ration3 ,copyright1 #aiac1 ,f4 ,e4 ,wright4 ,,swimm+ ,,pool ,,at ,,panama ,"s say t be=e ! days ( ! city wat] supply ?is pool held wat] = protection aga9/ fire4 ,n[adays x is *iefly us$ = ! aquatic revels ( ! boys4 8,at ! ,pacific t]m9us ( ! ,canal !re are outly+ isl&s t af=d sites = =tifications1 ! usefulness ( :i* 9 assi/+ ! egress ( a fleet 9 ! face ( opposition is univ]sally admitt$1 z f> z ! ,g5]al ,bo>d kn[s2 b !re has be5 unfavorable criticism ( ! possibility ( =tifications at ! ,atlantic end to s]ve ?is purpose4 ,! ,g5]al ,bo>d reg>ds ^! criticisms z unf\nd$ & believes1 on ! contr>y1 t ! conditions at ! ,atlantic t]m9us ( ! ,canal are unusually favorable = ! emplacem5t ( guns t w\ld be ( assi/ance to a fleet issu+ 9 ! face ( ho/ile %ips4 ,illu/ration3 ,,9 ,a ,,*iriqui ,,t[n 8,on bo? sides ( ,limon ,bay1 9 :i* ! ,canal t]m9ates at ! ,atlantic end1 !re are excell5t sites = =ts1 well advanc$ on outly+ po9ts4 ,! l9e jo9+ ^! sites is #cjjj y>ds 9 front ( ! po9t :]e ! ,canal prism rea*es a l[-wat] dep? suffici5t = battle%ips1 & ,limon ,bay f ?is po9t outw>d is wide en\gh = a =mation ( eight %ips abrea/4 ,! out] end ( ! mo/ advanc$ breakwat] propos$ is only #fjj y>ds 9 front ( ! l9e jo9+ ! sites = ! =ts2 & z long z %ips rema9 beh9d ! breakwat]1 x w af=d !m a consid]able am\nt ( protection f ! enemy's fire1 :ile !y w !mselves be able to fire ov] x4 ,9 ord] to make 8 fire effective aga9/ ! issu+ %ips ! enemy mu/ come )9 ! effective fire ( ! =tifications4 ,"u ^! circum/ances x is impossible to d5y ! usefulness ( =tifications 9 assi/+ ! issue ( a fleet aga9/ opposition4 ,! conditions 9 ?is respect at ! ,atlantic end ( ! ,canal are incomp>ably bett] ?an ^? exi/+ at ,s&y ,hook1 ^: =ts nobody w\ld dream ( dismantl+04 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,m\nta9 ,,riv] ,,9 ,,*iriqui ,conc]n+ ! type ( =tifications n[ build+ !re is little to be said4 ,! ,w> ,dep>tm5t is n z eag] = publicity z are c]ta9 o!r dep>tm5ts ( our f$]al adm9i/ration4 ,9 ,novemb]1 #aiab1 ,secret>y ( ,w> ,/imson made a =mal /atem5t ( ! g5]al plan ( def5se4 ,no *ange has be5 made 9 ?is plan1 & x may be quot$ z repres5t+ ! g5]al s*eme z fix$ ^u by ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t & au?oriz$ by ,congress3 8,! def5ses to ! ,i/hmus are divid$ into two g5]al heads3 8#a4 ,a seacoa/ armam5t ) subm>9e m9es at ! t]m9i ( ! ,canal1 = protection aga9/ a sea attack & to secure a safe exit = our fleet 9 ! face ( a ho/ile fleet4 8#b4 ,! con/ruction ( field works & a mobile =ce ( troops to protect ! locks & assure important utilities aga9/ an attack by l&04 8,! seacoa/ =tifications w include #af-;in*1 #ad-;in* & #f-;in* rifles & #ab-;in* mort>s4 ,?is armam5t w be ( m p[]ful & effective types ?an t in/all$ 9 any o!r locality 9 ! _w4 ,at ! ,atlantic end ( ! ,canal ! armam5t w be locat$ on bo? sides ( ,limon ,bay4 ,at ! ,pacific end ! great] "p ( ! armam5t w be locat$ on sev]al small isl&s1 ,flam5co1 ,p]ico & ,naos1 :i* lie abrea/ ( ! t]m9us4 ,subm>9e m9es w complete ! seacoa/ armam5t & w prev5t actual entry into ! ,canal & h>bors by ho/ile vessels4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bit+ ,,?r\gh ,a ,,slide3 ,,five ,,cubic ,,y>ds ,,p] ,,bite 8,9 addition to ^! =tifications1 & ! necess>y coa/ artill]y & g>rison to man !m1 ! def5sive plans provide = ! erection ( field works1 & = ! ma9t5ance at all times on ! ,panama ,canal ,zone ( a mobile =ce consi/+ ( ?ree regim5ts ( infantry1 at a w> /r5g? ( ne>ly #bjjj m5 = ea* regim5t1 a squadron ( cavalry1 & a battalion ( field artill]y4 ,^! latt] =tifications & ! mobile g>rison are int5d$ to repel any attacks t might be made by l&+ p>ties f an enemy's fleet aga9/ ! locks & o!r important elem5ts or accessories to ! ,canal4 ,z an attack ( ?is "* might be co9cid5t ) or ev5 prec$e an actual decl>ation ( w>1 x is necess>y t a =ce ( ! /r5g? above outl9$ %\ld be ma9ta9$ on ! ,canal ,zone at all times4 ,?is mobile g>rison w furni% ! necess>y police =ce to protect ! ,zone & pres]ve ord] )9 its limits 9 "t ( peace4 ,congress has made ! initial appropriations = ! con/ruction ( ^! =tifications1 & !y are n[ "u con/ruction4 ,a portion ( ! mobile g>rison is also on ! ,i/hmus1 & ! rema9d] w be s5t !re z soon z provision is made = its be+ h\s$04 ,x is to be not$ t ^! plans contemplate only ! g>rison+ ( ! ,i/hmus 9 "t ( peace4 ,! dep>tm5t has /eadfa/ly refus$1 ev5 9 response to congressional inquiry1 to make public its plans = action 9 w> "t4 ,! only h9t (f]$ on ! subject is ! e/imate ( ,col4 ,goe?als t #be1jjj m5 w\ld be ne$$ !re 9 su* a cont+5cy & 8 urg5cy t su* a g>rison be ma9ta9$ on ! ,zone at all times4 ,illu/ration3 ,,commiss>y ,,build+ ,,& ,,front ,,/reet1 ,,colon ,! mo/ vuln]able po9t ( ! ,canal is ( c\rse ! locks4 ,! de/ruction or int]ruption ( ! electrical ma*9]y :i* op]ates ! great gates w\ld put ! entire ,canal out ( commission4 ,if 9 w> "t x %\ld be vitally necess>y to %ift our ,atlantic fleet to ! ,pacific1 or vice v]sa1 ! enemy c\ld effectively *eck t op]ation by a bomb dropp$ on ! lock ma*9]y at ,gatun1 ,p$ro ,miguel or ,miraflores4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ! univ]sal op9ion ( ! milit>y exp]ts t ?is dang] is gu>d$ aga9/ to ! utmo/ ext5t dem&$ by extraord9>y prud5ce4 ,aga9/ ! miracul\s1 su* z ! pres5ce ( an a]oplane ) an op]ator s skill$ z to drop bombs ^u a t>get ( less ?an #dj feet squ>e1 no def5se c\ld fully prevail4 ,! lock gates !mselves are necess>ily expos$ & an injury to !m w\ld z effectually put ! lock out ( commission z w\ld ! wreck+ ( ! controll+ ma*9]y4 ,col4 ,goe?als has repeat$ly decl>$ 8 belief t ! con/ruction ( ! locks is suffici5tly massive to )/& any ord9>y assaults ) explosives4 ,no "o man c\ld c>ry & place secretly en\gh dynamite to wreck or ev5 s]i\sly impair ! imm$iate usefulness ( ! locks4 ,ev5 9 "t ( peace !y w be cont9ually gu>d$ & patrol$1 :ile 9 "t ( w> !y w naturally be protect$ f enemies on e side & ev5 9 ! air above4 ,! locks are n out ( range ( a fleet 9 ,limon ,bay & a v few #ac-;in* naval %ells w\ld put !m out ( commission4 ,b = t v reason we are build+ =ts at ,toro ,po9t & its neighborhood to keep ho/ile fleets out ( ,limon ,bay1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates navy1 :i* has usually giv5 a good acc\nt ( itself 9 "t ( w>1 w be fur!r *>g$ ) ?is duty & w no d\bt duly dis*>ge x4 ,t ! locks make ! ,canal m vuln]able ?an a sea-level canal w\ld h be5 is d\btless true4 ,! fact only adds to ! argum5t 9 behalf ( def5d+ x by p[]ful =ts & an adequate navy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p$ro ,,miguel ,,locks ,! deep ar*$ recesses are provid$ t ! gates may fold flu% ) ! walls ,g5]al ,weav]1 ,u4 ,s4 ,a41 rais$ ! only s]i\s "q z to ! suffici5cy ( ! def5ses on ! ,pacific side 9 8 te/imony be=e ! ,h\se ,committee on ,appropriations3 8,my views are entirely 9 h>mony ) ^? express$ by ,col4 ,goe?als4 ,i ?9k t ! def5ses are :olly adequate4 ,! only "q ,i h not$ rais$ z to ! adequacy ( ! def5se has be5 z to :e!r guns w\ld n be m\nt$ by an enemy on ,taboga ,isl&1 & z to :e!r an enemy's %ips c\ld n /& beh9d ,taboga ,isl&1 & z to :e!r ^! l& guns & naval guns c\ld n f !re control ! wat] area 9 front ( ! ,pacific t]m9us8 ,! new type ( mort>s t ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t is mak+ = ! =tifications at ,panama w h a range ( #bj1jjj y>ds4 ,!y w cov] ! wat] well ov] beyond ,taboga ,isl&1 & h "u fire all ( ,taboga ,isl& & ! wat] = a consid]able di/ance beyond ! out]mo/ %ore l9es ( ,taboga ,isl&4 ,x is ab\t #ab1jjj y>ds f ! =tifications at ! ,canal t]m9us to ,taboga ,isl&4 ,! mort>s w rea* #hjjj y>ds beyond ,taboga4 ,! #af-;in* gun on ,p]ico w h a range ( #bj1jjj y>ds4 ,! #ad-;in* guns on ,flam5co & ,naos ,isl&s w h ranges ( #ah1djj y>ds4 ,! #f-;in* guns on ,naos ,isl& & on ! ma9l& h a range ( #fjjj y>ds1 & are well plac$ to oppose any attempt at l&+ on ! l&s on :i* ! =tifications are locat$4 8,mr4 ,%]ley4--#8,s f> y h spok5 only ( ! ,pacific side4 ,n[1 :at h y to say ab\t ! def5se on ! ,atlantic side'8 8,g54 ,weav]4--#8,on ! ,atlantic side ! def5se is1 9 my op9ion1 equally adequate4 ,at ,=t ,r&olph1 on ,m>g>ita ,isl&1 !re are eight mort>s ( ! new type1 two #ad-;in* guns & two #f-;in* guns4 ,t armam5t w protect ! ,m>g>ita ,isl& side ( ! entrance & x also controls ! wat]s to ! s\?4 ,on ! ,toro ,po9t side at ,=t ,%]man we h eight mort>s1 two #ad-;in* guns1 & two #f-;in* guns4 ,!re are 9 addition two #f-;in* guns provid$ at ,manzanillo ,po9t1 city ( ,colon4 ,9 my op9ion ?is armam5t is entirely adequate = ! def5se ( ! ,atlantic side'04 ,x is app>5t1 !re=e1 t ! un=tifi$ ,isl& ( ,taboga is ! "o que/ionable po9t 9 our ,pacific l9e ( def5se4 ,x is :olly probable t /eps w be tak5 to erect su* def5ses z w make ! seizure ( ?is isl& impracticable to any enemy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,detail ,,con/ruction ,,( ,a ,,lock ,! great tube1 lat] cov]$ by concrete1 c>ries ! wat] = fill+ ! *amb] ,plans = ! l&w>d def5ses ( ! coa/ =ts _h n be5 det]m9$ ^u at ! "t ( publication ( ?is book4 ,necess>y no d\bt f a /rictly milit>y po9t ( view1 !y seem to ! civilian m9d r sup]flu\s 9 view ( ! "* ( ! c\ntryside along ! bord]s ( ! ,zone4 ,! g5]al :o w\ld und]take to lead an army ?r\gh ! jungle w\ld enc\nt] a natural foe su* z arm$ =ces h nev] _h to ov]come1 & 8 invad+ column w\ld h>dly em]ge ^u ! ,zone 9 fit condition to give battle to any consid]able army ( occupation4 ,h[ev]1 %\ld an enemy once effect a l&+ at any po9t )9 /rik+ di/ance ( ,panama or ,colon1 say on ! ,*orr]a coa/1 or at ,nombre de ,dios or ,porto ,bello1 "s def5sive works w\ld be ne$$ to prev5t _! tak+ ! coa/ =ts 9 ! re>4 ,su* works are be+ plann$ & an ext5sive p]man5t camp is to be built at ,miraflores1 at :i* po9t ! ,canal c be readily cross$--!re are to be no p]man5t bridges--& small] po/s at ,m>g>ita ,isl&1 ,toro ,po9t & ,culebra ,isl&4 ,to man ! actual seacoa/ =ts !re w be #ab companies ( coa/ artill]y ( #aji m5 ea*2 :ile di/ribut$ 9 ! army camps w be1 accord+ to pres5t e/imates1 ?ree regim5ts ( infantry1 a squadron ( cavalry & a battalion ( field artill]y1 mak+ 9 all r m ?an #hjjj m54 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,h4 ,pitti] ,c\rtesy ,national ,geographic ,magaz9e ,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,guyami ,,girls ,! probable influ5ce ( ! ,panama ,canal on comm]ce1 on trade r\tes1 on ! comm]cial supremacy ( ?is or t c\ntry1 on ! developm5t ( hi!rto dormant l&s is a "q t op5s an endless v>iety ( speculations4 ,discussion ( x requires s broad a k ( int]national affairs z to be almo/ cosmic1 a =esight s gift$ z to be prophetic4 ,a c5tury f n[ ! fulle/ results ( ! ,canal's completion w n h be5 fully atta9$4 ,?is creation ( a new wat]way :]e a rocky b>ri] /ood f ! inf9ite pa/ 9 ! pa?way ( comm]ce w make great cities :]e hamlets n[ sit 9 somnol5ce1 & p]haps r$uce to insignificance "s ( ! pres5t consid]able ports ( ! _w4 ,c]ta9 v common misbeliefs may be correct$ ) m]ely a ^w or two ( explanation4 ,no?+ is m common ?an to look ^u all ,s\? ,am]ica z a t]ritory to be va/ly b5efit$ by ! ,canal1 & br\ght by x ne>] to our ,unit$ ,/ates m>kets4 ,a mom5t's ?\ght w %[ ! error ( ?is belief4 ,:5 we speak ( ,s\? ,am]ica we ?9k fir/ ( all ( ! ri* ea/]n coa/1 ( ! cities ( ,rio de ,janeiro1 ,montevideo & ,bu5os ,ayres4 ,b x is n to ?is section t ! greate/ advantage w come f ! ,canal4 ,vessels f our ,pacific coa/ c inde$ c>ry ! timb] ( ,puget ,s\nd1 ! fi% ( ,alaska & ! ,columbia ,riv]1 ! fruits ( ,cali=nia ?i!r m *eaply ?an n[1 b t is b a slight fraction ( _! trade4 ,nor are ,brazil & ! ,arg5t9e p>ticipators 9 ,ori5tal trade to any great ext5t1 ?\gh ! ,canal may make !m s4 ,! we/]n coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica is *iefly affect$ by ! ,canal1 & t to a degree rigidly limit$ by ! di/ance ( ! po9t consid]$ f ! ,/raits ( ,magellan1 & ! size ( ! ,canal tolls impos$4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,zone ,,sign ,,( ,,civilization ,nor w ! ,suez ,canal be an ab&on$ wat]way aft] our own cut at ,panama is complet$4 ,x w1 inde$1 be n surpris+ to see ! ,suez ,canal tonnage increase1 = trade bre$s trade1 & ! ,panama ,canal w be a /imulant z well z a competitor4 ,to all ( ,briti% ,india & ,s\!rn ,*9a ! di/ance f ,liv]pool via ,suez is less ?an via ,panama1 & to ,melb\rne1 ,sidney & o!r ,au/ralian ports ! sav+ 9 di/ance via ,panama is less ?an #bjjj miles4 ,! ,suez ,canal1 x is to be rememb]$1 is own$ by ,great ,brita9 & a v slight concession 9 rates w be all t is ne$$ to keep ,briti% m]*ant vessels to _! long accu/om$ r\tes4 ,we h _h a h>d] task 9 digg+ our ,canal ?an ! ,fr5* _h at ,suez1 b we ne$ *]i% no delusive idea t we are go+ to put ! e>li] wat]way out ( bus9ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"p ,,( ,,! ,,complet$ ,,canal ,! really great mat]ial advantage :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates is to d]ive f ?is monum5tal national und]tak+ w come f ! all-wat] connection betwe5 our own ,atlantic & ,pacific coa/s4 ,a %ip go+ f ,new ,york to ,san ,francisco via ! ,/raits ( ,magellan trav]ses #ad1jjj miles ( sea--"s ( x ! v mo/ turbul5t ( all ,k+ ,neptune's toss+ doma94 ,by ,panama ! same %ip w h b #ejjj miles to cov]4 ,! amaz+ ?+ is t %ips are go+ ar\nd ! ,horn1 or at lea/ ?r\gh ! ,/raits1 b ! high rates on transcont95tal railroads make ev5 t protract$ voyage pr(itable4 ,:at ! ,canal w d to transcont95tal rates is a matt] t is giv+ "s railroad manag]s deep conc]n4 ,x 0 9 fact a consid]ation :i* l$ to prolong$ & ob/9ate opposition to ! build+ ( any canal at all4 ,wat] c>riage betwe5 ! two coa/s has long be5 a bogey to ! railroad manag]s4 ,:5 coa/wise /eam%ips on ! ,atlantic & ,pacific ) ! ,panama ,railroad = a connect+ l9k (f]$ "s competition1 ! five transcont95tal railways pool$ toge!r &1 secur+ control ( ! ,pacific ,mail ,/eam%ip l9e op]at+ betwe5 ,san ,francisco & ,panama1 us$ x to cripple all competition4 ,= a "t !re 0 dang] t ! me?ods !n employ$ might be adopt$ to de/roy ! usefulness ( ! ,panama ,canal1 & x 0 to gu>d aga9/ ?is t ,congress adopt$ ! law d5y+ ! use ( ! ,canal to vessels own$ by railroad companies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,8 ,,morn+ ,,tub ,at ! "t ( its passage ?is law creat$ mu* discussion4 ,! reason = x 0 widely misund]/ood4 ,its fir/ effect 0 ! cancel+ ( sev]al ord]s = %ips plac$ by railroad companies ) %ipbuild]s 9 anticipation ( ! ,canal's op5+1 & ! public naturally cri$ out aga9/ a measure :i* seem$ to int]pose an ob/acle to ! reappe>ance ( ! ,am]ican flag on ! high seas4 ,b ! law 0 br$ ( bitt] exp]i5ce4 ,9 bygone days x 0 discov]$ t bo? "t & money c\ld be sav$ on %ipm5ts f ,cali=nia to ,new ,york or o!r ,atlantic seaports by s5d+ !m to ,panama by wat]1 across ! ,i/hmus by rail1 & !n by wat] f ,colon to _! de/9ation4 ,?is r\te grew 9 favor until ! transcont95tal railroads int]v5$ to *eck its fur!r developm5t4 ,gett+ control ( ! ,pacific ,mail l9e ( /eam]s f ,san ,francisco to ,panama1 !y fir/ put _! rates s l[ z to drive all compet+ %ips f ! r\te4 ,( c\rse !y lo/ money1 b ! loss 0 apportion$ among ! companies =m+ ! pool1 & :5 ! compet+ conc]ns _h be5 ru9$ or driv5 out ( bus9ess1 ! rates 7 put up aga9 & ! losses t _h be5 incurr$ 7 spe$ily rec\p$4 ,once ! complete monopoly on ! ,pacific _h be5 secur$1 e ef=t 0 made to disc\rage %ipm5ts by t r\te4 ,! %ips pass$ ,los ,angeles1 ! greate/ fruit port 9 ! c\ntry1 )\t a call1 b t\*$ at innum]able little mud villages 9 ,c5tral ,am]ica s z to make ! "t ( ?r\gh %ipm5ts intol]able4 ,!y (t5 sail$ ) half a c>go--refus+ to take freight t lay at _! docks on ! plea t all _! c>go space 0 dispos$ (4 ,x 0--to ! railroads :o aft]w>d ga!r$ up ! reject$ freight & %ipp$ x ea/ ov] _! own l9es at prices to suit !mselves4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,girl1 ,,*orr]a ,,prov9ce ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,boy1 ,,*orr]a ,,prov9ce ,taught wisdom by ^! tactics--aga9/ :i* !y _h unavail+ly employ$ all ! exp$i5ts ( law & ( cop]ative competition--! %ipp]s ( ,cali=nia appeal$ to ,congress to act wisely le/ ! ,panama ,canal z a wat]way = all & a regulator ( transcont95tal freight rates be ?rottl$ by ! railroads4 ,!y po9t$ out t ! roads might 9 comb9ation ma9ta9 "o l9e ( %ips betwe5 ,new ,york & ,san ,francisco :i* w\ld make rates s l[ t no o!r l9e c\ld meet !m & live4 ,d\btless su* a l9e w\ld lose money1 b ! loss1 divid$ among ! conspir+ roads1 w\ld be b a flea bite to ea*1 & w\ld be m ?an rec\p$ by ! high] rail rates !y might *>ge4 ,9 response to ?is appeal ,congress enact$ ! law d5y+ railroads ! "r to ma9ta9 l9es ( wat] c>riage on :at w\ld be normally competitive r\tes4 ,! /atute ?\gh plann$ prim>ily = ! ma9t5ance ( ! highe/ usefulness ( ! ,panama ,canal affects o!r r\tes1 notably ,long ,isl& ,s\nd4 ,x is d5\nc$ by ! railroads & has d\btless *eck$ to "s ext5t ,am]ican %ipbuild+1 b x is nev]!less ! only app>5t weapon aga9/ a v real & h>mful device 9 ! railroads' ef=ts to ma9ta9 high rates4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p>k ,,at ,,david ,! "q ( ! tolls to be *>g$ = passage ?r\gh ! ,canal is "o t has evok$ a some:at acrimoni\s discussion1 ! end ( :i* is n yet4 ,ab\t ! am\nt ( ! toll !re 0 little dispute4 ,x 0 det]m9$ by tak+ ! co/ ( ma9t5ance ( ! ,canal1 :i* is e/imat$ at ab\t #d1jjj1jjj annually1 & ! int]e/ on its co/1 ab\t #aj1jjj1jjj a ye>1 & comp>+ ! total ) ! am\nt ( tonnage :i* might reasonably be expect$ to pass ?r\gh annually4 ,pr(4 ,emory ,r4 ,johnson1 ! gov]nm5t exp]t ^u ^: figures are bas$ all e/imates conc]n+ canal rev5ues1 fix$ ! probable tonnage ( ! ,canal = ! fir/ ye> at #aj1ejj1jjj tons1 ) an increase at ! end ( ! fir/ decade ( op]ation to #ag1jjj1jjj1 & at ! end ( ! second decade to #bg1jjj1jjj tons4 ,! annual exp5ses ( ! ,canal1 includ+ int]e/1 approximates #ad1jjj1jjj1 & ,congress has accord+ly fix$ ! tolls at #a4bj a ton = freight & #a4ej p] pass5g]4 ,x is anticipat$ t ^! figures w cause a deficit 9 ! fir/ two or ?ree ye>s ( op]ation1 b t ! gr[? ( comm]ce ?r\gh ! ,canal w spe$ily make x up4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ma9 ,,/reet1 ,,*orr]a ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,placid ,,back ,,wat] ,,9 ,,*iriqui ,9 legislat+ ^u ! "q ( tolls ,congress op5$ an int]national "q :i* has be5 fi]cely debat$ & :i* rema9s a subject ( diplomatic negotiation betwe5 our ,/ate ,dep>tm5t & ! ,briti% ,=eign ,(fice4 ,?is 0 done by ! section ( ! law :i* grant$ to ,am]ican-built %ips engag$ 9 ! coa/+ trade ! "r to use ! ,canal )\t ! paym5t ( any tolls :atsoev]4 ,at ! "t ( its appe>ance 9 ,congress ?is proposition attract$ little att5tion & evok$ no discussion4 ,x seem$ to be a p]fectly obvi\s & entirely ju/ifiable employm5t ( ! ,canal = ! enc\ragem5t ( ,am]ican %ipp+4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates _h b\ght ! t]ritory ?r\gh :i* ! ,canal ext5d$ & 0 pay+ e doll> ( ! co/ ( ! great "w4 ,:at c\ld be m natural ?an t x %\ld conc$e to ,am]ican %ipp+ own]s1 :o _h borne _! %>e ( ! taxation :i* ! co/ ( ! ,canal necessitat$1 ! "r ( free passage ?r\gh x8 ,! concession seem$ ! m obvi\s & prop] because ! privilege ( free passage 0 limit$ to vessels 9 ! coa/wise trade4 ,"u our navigation laws m>itime trade betwe5 ports 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is conf9$ to %ips built 9 ,am]ican %ipy>ds4 ,?is regulation is cle>ly int5d$ to conf] ^u ! ,unit$ ,/ates a monopoly ( ! build+ ( coa/wise %ips1 & ! subsequ5t exemption ( coa/wise %ips f ,panama ,canal tolls 0 a fur!r b5efaction to ?is monopoly4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 our coa/wise trade 0 at ! mom5t pass+ into monopoli/ic control1 & ! wisdom ( mak+ s prodigi\s a gift to a monopoli/ic comb9ation might h ju/ly be5 que/ion$4 ,b ! /rictly bus9ess features ( ! ,canal h always be5 decorat$ ) m or less s5tim5tal declamation ab\t re/abli%+ ! ,am]ican flag on ! high seas1 & x 0 to contribute to ! latt] desirable end t ! tolls 7 to be remitt$4 ,x seem$ to occur to no "o t ! %ips ?us favor$ 7 ei!r own$ by railroad companies & us$ l>gely to /ifle competition or by a some:at notori\s organiz] ( tru/s ^: ambition 0 to control wat] transportation f ,ma9e to ! ,mexico bord]1 & :o 0 *eck$ 9 ! atta9m5t ( 8 aim by a s5t5ce to ! ,f$]al p5it5ti>y4 ,x is n only 9 w> "t t ! flag is wav$ mo/ en?usia/ically by m5 :o only want ! b\nty t goes ) x4 ,nobody1 h[ev]1 at ! "t ( ! passage ( ! act regulat+ tolls ?\ght x _h any p>ticul> int]national significance4 ,its signature by ! ,presid5t 0 tak5 z a matt] ( c\rse & x 0 n until "s "t aft]w>d t ! ,ambassador ( ,great ,brita9 pres5t$ 8 c\ntry's claim t ! exemption clause 0 9 violation ( ! ,hay-,pauncefote treaty4 ,! section ( t treaty :i* x is claim$ is violat$ reads ?us3 8,! ,canal %all be free & op5 to ! vessels ( comm]ce & ( w> ( all nations obs]v+ ^! rules on t]ms ( entire equality1 s t !re %all be no discrim9ation aga9/ any su* nation1 or its citiz5s or subjects1 9 respect ( ! conditions or *anges ( traffic04 ,! outcry aga9/ ! exemption clause soon became v vocif]\s4 ,p]haps ! ,canadian railroads or "s ( _! (ficials may h be5 in/rum5tal 9 ?is1 see+ a possible pr(it 9 runn+ %ips f ,montreal or ,quebec to ,vanc\v] or ,victoria1 t\*+ at v>i\s ,unit$ ,/ates ports en r\te4 ,su* a voyage w\ld n con/itute a 8coa/wise passage0 "u our laws1 & =eign vessels might engage 9 su* traffic4 ,b !y saw t ! exemption 9 tolls by :i* a ,unit$ ,/ates vessel ( #ab1jjj tons w\ld escape canal tolls am\nt+ to #ae1jjj w\ld put !m at a s]i\s disadvantage4 ,h5ce !y appeal$ to ,great ,brita9 & ! prote/ foll[$4 ,:e!r affect$ by ! vigor\s colonial prote/ or n1 ! ,briti% gov]nm5t urges t ! ,unit$ ,/ates w v prop]ly adju/ its tolls to meet ! ne$s ( ! ,canal = rev5ue1 & t if ! coa/wise %ipp+ be exempt$ !re w be a loss ( "s millions ( doll>s 9 rev5ue :i* w compel ! imposition ( high] tolls on o!r %ipp+4 ,x is urg$ also on behalf ( ! prote/ants t ! ^w 8coa/wise0 is capable ( v>i\s con/ructions & t a vessel ply+ betwe5 ,new ,york & ,los ,angeles might be held n to h sacrific$ h] coa/wise regi/] if %e cont9u$ h] voyage to ,yokohama or ,hong ,kong4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gatun ,,lake4 ,,float+ ,,isl&s ,,mass$ ,,aga9/ ,,tre/le ,am]ican public m5 & ! ,am]ican press are radically divid$ on ! "q4 ,a majority1 p]haps1 are incl9$ to ?ru/ x aside ) a m]e decl>ation ( our p[] 9 ! matt]4 8,we built ! ,canal & paid = x01 !y say1 8& our %ips h ! same rights 9 x t !y h 9 ! ,hudson ,riv] or ! canal at ! ,soo4 ,besides ! ,briti% _c engage 9 our coa/+ trade anyway1 & :at we d to help our coa/wise %ips conc]ns no "o b u04 ,:i* seems a pretty fair & reasonable /atem5t ( ! case until ! oppon5ts ( ! exemption clause put 9 _! rejo9d]4 8,read ! treaty01 !y say4 8,x is p]fectly cle> 9 its agreem5t t ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld n d ?is ?+ x n[ proposes to d4 ,treaties are1 by ! ,con/itution1 ! supreme law ( ! l&4 ,to violate "o is to violate our national honor4 ,x w\ld be disgraceful to let ! ^w g out to all ! _w t ! ,unit$ ,/ates ent]$ into sacr$ obligations by treaty & repudiat$ !m ! mom5t _! fulfilm5t prov$ gall+4 ,! protect$ %ipy>ds1 ! already subsidiz$ coa/wise /eam%ip companies1 are ask+ = m gratuities at ! co/ ( our national honor4 ,:at is ! use ( re/abli%+ on ! high seas a flag :i* all peoples may po9t out z ! emblem ( a di%onorable /ate08 ,illu/ration3 ,,guide ,,wall ,,at ,,miraflores ,?is picture %[s me?od ( lock con/ruction4 ,! space )9 ^! two walls w be fill$ ) dirt & cem5t4 ,! gr\nd on ei!r side w be inundat$1 =m+ a small lake ?r\gh :i* ! ,canal passes4 ,s re/s ! argum5t4 ,! advocates ( ! remission ( tolls to ! coa/wise %ips ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates h ! be/ ( ! position1 s9ce _! cont5tion is already enact$ into law1 b ! oppos+ =ces are vigor\sly urg+ ! repeal ( ! law4 ,congress w ( c\rse be ! f9al arbit]1 & z ! ,canal _c be op5$ to comm]ce be=e #aiae !re is ample "t = delib]ation & j judgm5t4 ,a phase ( ! problem :i* ,i d n recall hav+ se5 discuss$ arises out ( ! lit]al acceptance ( ! language ( ! treaty z be>+ ^u ! use ( ! ,canal 9 w> "t4 ,x decl>es t ! ,canal 8%all be free & op5 to ! vessels ( comm]ce & ( w> ( all nations 444 on t]ms ( entire equality01 & :ile x goes on to prescribe ! rules to be foll[$ 9 w> "t x n[h]e decl>es ! "r ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to deb> to ! w>%ips ( a ho/ile nation ! privilege ( pass+ ?r\gh ! ,canal4 ,"u ! /ricte/ con/ruction ( ! language ( ! treaty ! refusal ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to p]mit a ,g]man or a ,japanese fleet to pass ?r\gh1 ev5 ?\gh t nation 0 at w> ) u1 w\ld be a violation ( ! treaty :i* w\ld ju/ify ,engli% int]f]5ce to en=ce ! op5+ ( ! ,canal--:i* ( c\rse w\ld be w>4 ,no su* cont+5cy c\ld possibly arise1 nor any su* con/ruction be put ^u ! language ( ! treaty by any reasonable & responsible p>ty4 ,yet x is sc>cely a m =c$ con/ruction ?an ! "o appli$ 9 ord] to make x appe> t we may n free our own %ips 9 purely dome/ic trade f canal tolls4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pol+ ,,ov] ,,! ,,%all[s ,! fundam5tal pr9ciple controll+ ! am\nt ( ! tolls is to fix !m at su* a figure z to m9imize ! competition ( ,suez4 ,comm]ce proce$s by ! *eape/ r\te4 ,"s slight advantage may accrue to ! ,panama r\te if ! gov]nm5t c make su* contracts ) ,am]ican m9es z to be able to furni% coal at ! ,i/hmus at a price mat]ially less ?an is *>g$ at ,suez4 ,! e/imates1 suppli$ by ,pr(4 ,johnson1 ( probable comm]ce h be5 bas$ on a price = coal at ,cri/obal or ,colon ( #e a ton & at ,balboa ( #e4ej a ton4 ,at ! "t ! prices = coal at ,port ,said on ! ,suez ,canal 7 f #f4bj to #f4cb a ton4 ,?is1 plus *eap] tolls1 w give ,panama a great advantage ov] ,suez4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,am]ican ,press ,association ,,! ,,spillway ,,almo/ ,,complete4 ,! scaffold+ w be remov$ & all t[]s built to height ( ^? on left ,! fir/ imm$iate & direct pr(it accru+ to ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! ,canal w come f ! quick1 %ort & *eap communication x w af=d betwe5 ! ea/]n & we/]n coa/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,p :o ?9k ( pass5g] s*$ules :5 !y speak ( communication betwe5 di/ant cities w d\btless be surpris$ to le>n t on freight an av]age ( two weeks w be sav$ by ! ,canal r\te betwe5 ,new ,york & ,san ,francisco4 ,! sav+ 9 money1 ev5 %\ld ! railroads mat]ially r$uce _! pres5t transcont95tal rates1 w be ev5 m /rik+4 ,ev5 n[ = _m classes ( freights !re is a pr(it 9 %ipp+ by way ( ! ,/raits ( ,magellan--a di/ance ( #ac1ace miles4 ,by ,panama ! di/ance betwe5 ,new ,york & ,san ,francisco is b #ebfb miles1 a sav+ ( #ghgc miles or ab\t ! di/ance across ! ,atlantic & back4 ,f ,new ,orleans to ,san ,francisco w be b #dfhc miles4 ,today !re is little or no wat] communication betwe5 ! two cities & _! tribut>y t]ritory4 ,at lea/ "o mon?'s /eam+ w be sav$ by #ab-knot vessels go+ ?r\gh ! ,panama ,canal ov] ^? mak+ ! voyage by way ( ! ,/raits ( ,magellan4 ,a g5]al idea ( ! sav+ 9 di/ance betwe5 po9ts likely to be affect$ by ! ,canal is giv5 by ! table prep>$ by ,hon4 ,john ,b>rett1 ,director ,g5]al ( ! ,pan-,am]ican ,union & publi%$ on page #chd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,san ,,blas ,,lugg] ,,9 ,,port ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,! ,,beg9n+ ,,( ,a ,,slide ,! great crack has op5$ 9 ! side ( a road2 note h\se 9 ! di/ance ab\t to g ,! ,pacific coa/s bo? ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ( ,s\? & ,c5tral ,am]ica w be quick5$ into new life :5 ! /ream ( comm]ce beg9s to fl[ ?r\gh ! new *annel at ,panama4 ,x may be wise to lay emphasis at ?is po9t ^u ! fact t s f> z indu/rial & comm]cial life on our own ,pacific coa/ is conc]n$ x ne$s little quick5+1 z ! m>* to civic greatness ( ^? communities has be5 unp>allel$4 ,b ev5 t magnific5t advance has be5 imp$$ & h>ass$ by ! difficulty ( communication ) ! m>kets ( ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,! /ruggles ( ! ,pacific coa/ plant]s & lumb]m5 to break ! bondage impos$ ^u !m by ! railroads h be5 fairly frantic1 & _! uni=m failure pa!tic4 ,p]haps ! railroad manag]s h dem&$ no m ?an a rightful c>e = ! int]e/s ( _! /ockhold]s w>rant$4 ,?is is no place to argue ! railroad rate "q4 ,b f ! %ipp]'s po9t ( view ! dem&s h be5 s intol]able t e exp$i5t = resi/+ !m has be5 tri$ & fail$4 ,ev5 n[ !re is pr(it to a corporation--& to ! %ipp]s t patronize x--9 c>ry+ goods f ,san ,francisco to ,hawaii1 !nce to ,tehuantepec & across t ,i/hmus to ! ,gulf & !nce aga9 to ,new ,york 9 competition ) ! direct railroad l9es4 ,if freight c be ?us h&l$ pr(itably1 ) two *anges f %ip to c> & vice v]sa1 x is easy to see h[ va/ly b5ea? ! *>ges ( ! railroads w be ! all-wat] r\te betwe5 ,new ,york & ,san ,francisco4 ,x is little exagg]ation to say t = comm]cial purposes all ! ,pacific seabo>d w be br\ght z ne> ,new ,york & ,european m>kets z ,*icago is today4 ,! =w>d impetus giv5 by ?is to ! comm]cial int]e/s ( ! ,pacific baffles computation4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 8,,mak+ ,,! ,,dirt ,,fly0 ,b x is ,lat9 ,am]ica t has reason to look =w>d ) ! utmo/ avidity to ! results t w foll[ ! op5+ ( ! ,canal4 ,= ! p ( t little develop$ & /ill my/]i\s coa/ l9e rea*+ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates-,mexico b\nd>y1 z f> s\? at lea/ z ,valp>aiso1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has prep>$ a gift ( incalculable ri*ness4 ,our %>e 9 ! b5efit w come 9 increas$ trade1 if our m]*ants seize ^u ! opportunity (f]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,happy ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,! ,,zone ,f ,liv]pool to ,valp>aiso today is #hgdg miles & f ,new ,york #hchj4 ,b :5 ! %ips g ?r\gh ! ,canal ! ,engli% vessels w save little4 ,= !m ! run w be r$uc$ to #gbjg miles1 :ile f ,new ,york ! di/ance w be cut to #dfcc4 ,) su* a h&icap 9 _! favor ,new ,york %ipp]s %\ld control ! comm]ce ( ,pacific ,s\? ,am]ica nor? ( ,valp>aiso4 ,guayaquil1 9 ,ecuador1 w be b #bbcb miles f ,new ,orleans2 x has be5 #aj1fca4 ,callao1 ) all ,p]u at its back1 w be #ccfc miles f ,new ,york1 #bghd f ,new ,orleans4 ,9 e in/ance ! sav+ ( di/ance by ! ,panama r\te is m to ! advantage ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ?an ( ,great ,brita94 ,today ! lion's %>e ( ! comm]ce ( ! ,s\? ,am]ican c\ntries goes to ,engl& or to ,g]many4 ,,di/ance ,,sav$ ,,by ,,! ,,panama ,,cut(f ,,comp>ative ,,di/ances 7,,9 ,,nautical ,,miles7 ,,9 ,,! ,,_w',s ,,sea ,,traffic ,,& ,,diff]5ce ,,9 ,,di/ances ,,via ,,panama ,,canal ,,& ,,o!r ,,pr9cipal ,,r\tes ,f _/-------------------------------------- ----- ,new ,new ,liv]- ,pana- ,to ,via ,york ,orleans pool ,hamburg ,suez ma ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,seattle ,magellan #ac1iec #ad1cfi #ad1cbj #ad1gja #ae1cig 444 ,panama #f1jhj #e1eja #h1fed #i1agc #aj1ddg #d1jfc ,di/ance sav$ #g1hgch1hfhe1fffe1ebhd1iej 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,san ,francisco,magellan #ac1ace #ac1eea #ac1ejb #ac1hhc #ad1egi 444 ,panama #e1bfb #d1fhc #g1hcf #h1cee #i1fbi #c1bde ,di/ance sav$ #g1hgch1hfhe1fffe1ebhd1iej 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,honolulu ,magellan #ac1cab #ac1gbh #ac1fgi #ad1jfj #ad1gef 444 ,panama #f1gjb #f1abc #i1bgf #i1gie #aa1jfi #d1fhe ,di/ance sav$ #f1fajg1fjed1djcd1bfec1fhg 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,guayaquil ,magellan #aj1bae #aj1fca #aj1ehb #aj1ifc #aa1fei 444 ,panama #b1haj #b1bca #e1chd #e1ijc #i1aib #gic ,di/ance sav$ #g1djeh1djje1aihe1jfjb1dfg 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,callao ,magellan #i1fac #aj1jbi #i1ihj #aj1cfa #aa1jeg 444 ,panama #c1cfc #b1ghd #e1icg #f1def #g1gcj #a1cdf ,di/ance sav$ #f1bejg1bded1jdcc1ijec1cbg 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,valp>aiso ,magellan #h1chj #h1gif #h1gdg #i1abh #i1hbd 444 ,panama #d1fcc #d1jed #g1bjg #g1gbf #i1jjj #b1faf ,di/ance sav$ #c1gdgd1gdba1edja1djb #hbd 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,well+ton ,magellan #aa1cdd #aa1gfj 444 #ac1cec #i1fid 444 ,suez 444 444 #ab1ihi 444 444 444 ,panama #h1heg #h1bgb #aa1dbe #aa1idd #i1bje #f1hcd ,di/ance sav$ #b1dicc1dhha1efda1dji #dhi 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,melb\rne ,cape ,good ,hope#ac1afb #ad1jie 444 #aa1hde #h1ahf 444 ,suez 444 444 #aa1fed 444 444 444 ,panama #aj1cib #i1hac #ab1iff #ac1deb #aj1gac #h1cdb ,di/ance sav$ #b1ggjd1bhba1caba1fjgb1ebg 444 #a #a #a ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,manila ,suez #aa1ehi #ab1idc #i1gja #i1hib #f1bcc 444 ,panama #aa1edh #aj1ifi #ad1abb #ad1fjh #aa1hfi #i1cgj ,di/ance sav$ #daa1igdd1dbad1gafe1fcf 444 #a #a #a ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,hongkong ,suez #aa1fgc #ac1jca #i1ghe #i1igf #f1cag 444 ,panama #aa1fia #aa1aab #ac1ieg #ad1ddc #aa1gjd #i1agc ,di/ance sav$ #aha1iaid1agbd1dfge1chg 444 #a #a #a ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,yokohama ,suez #ac1eff #ad1ibd #aa1fgh #aa1hfi #h1baj 444 ,panama #i1gih #i1bai #ab1cgb #ac1heh #aa1aai #g1ffj ,di/ance sav$ #c1gfhe1gje #fida1ihib1iji 444 #a #a #a ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,panama #b1jag #a1dch #d1eia #e1aaj #f1chg 444 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,see also map on page #che #a ,di/ance sav$ 9 ^! cases is via ,suez or ,cape ( ,good ,hope4 ,nor? ( ! ,canal are ! ,c5tral ,am]ican c\ntries ( ,co/a ,rica1 ,nic>agua1 ,honduras1 ,salvador1 ,guatemala & ,mexico4 ,on _! ,gulf coa/s h>bors are infrequ5t & poor1 b on ! ,pacific pl5tiful4 ,_! t]ritory is z yet little develop$1 b ) few manufactur]s ( _! own !y (f] a /ill undevelop$ m>ket = ours4 ,9 all1 ! twelve ,lat9-,am]ican c\ntries bord]+ on ! ,pacific h an area ( ov] #b1ejj1jjj squ>e miles1 or ab\t t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates exclusive ( ,alaska & its insul> possessions4 ,!y h a population ( #cg1jjj1jjj & _! =eign trade is e/imat$ at #gdj1jjj1jjj4 ,9 ?is trade ! ,unit$ ,/ates is at ! pres5t "t a %>] to ! ext5t ( #bgg1jjj1jjj or ab\t #cg p] c5t4 ,) ! ,canal 9 op]ation x is believ$ t ! total comm]ce w be d\bl$ & ! %>e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates rais$ to #ej p] c5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,panama ,,cut ,,(f ,,?is ,,map ,,%\ld ,,be ,,/udi$ ,,9 ,,connection ,,) ,,! ,,table ,,( ,,comp>ative ,,di/ances ,,on ,,page #chd ,h[ev]1 x is ! great ,au/ralasian & ,asiatic m>kets1 n[ sc>cely t\*$ ab\t ! outskirts1 to :i* ! ,canal w give ! readie/ access4 ,"h o!r nations w pr(it equally ) ours unless our m]*ants %[ a great] en]gy 9 ! pursuit ( =eign trade ?an !y h ( late ye>s4 ,"t 0 t ! old %ipp+ m]*ants ( ,bo/on1 ,philadelphia & ,new ,york ask$ odds ( no man nor ( any nation1 b _h _! own %ips ply+ 9 ! wat]s ( all ! _w1 ) capta9s :o 7 at once navigators & trad]s--equally al]t to avoid a typhoon & to secure a pr(itable c>go or *>t]4 ,b t sort ( =eign trade is n[ vani%$ ) ! adv5tur\s spirits :o pursu$ x4 ,unless conditions gov]n+ ! ,am]ican m]*ant m>9e mat]ially *ange )9 ! next two ye>s--( :i* !re seems today no likelihood--x w be ,engl& & ,g]many ) _! exi/+ l9es ( %ips t w *iefly b5efit by ! ,unit$ ,/ates #djj1jjj1jjj gift to ! comm]ce ( ! _w4 ,curi\sly en\gh ,new ,york1 or = t matt] any ,nor? ,atlantic seaport ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 is 9 a sort a way /ation = %ips f ,europe to ,nor? ,asiatic ports4 ,9 navigation ! /raight c\rse is n always ! %orte/ c\rse1 = ! v simple reason t ! equator is ! longe/ way ar\nd ! _w4 ,on acc\nt ( ! curvature ( ! e>?'s surface a vessel f ,liv]pool to ,hamburg to ! ,panama ,canal by foll[+ ! great circle r\te c make ,new ,york a /opp+-place by add+ only "o day's /eam+ to ! voyage4 ,on ! o!r h& a vessel en r\te f ,panama to ,yokohama c t\* at ,san ,diego & ,san ,francisco ) only two days' extra /eam+4 ,^! facts make = ! advantage ( ! %ipp] by add+ to ! vigor ( competition = c>goes1 b !y add to ! fi]c5ess ( ! rivalry :i* ! ,am]ican %ip own] w h to meet & = :i* ! k9dly gov]nm5t prep>es him by =c+ him to buy 8 %ips 9 ! co/lie/ m>ket & op]ate !m 9 accordance ) a hamp]+ & extravagant sy/em ( navigation laws4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,an ,,eruption ,,( ,,! ,,canal ,,b$ ,! pressure ( ! adjo9+ hills has =c$ up ! soil at its weake/ po9t1 namely ! b$ ( ! ,canal1 to a height ( #ah feet1 z %[n by ! dott$ l9e ,! ease h[ev] ) :i* ,engli% or ,g]man %ips en r\te to ! ,f> ,ea/ may t\* at ,new ,york1 ,bo/on or ,philadelphia w d\btless div]t to ,panama "s ( ! traffic t w\ld f9d a %ort] ?r\gh r\te via ,suez4 ,= example1 f ,liv]pool to ,melb\rne is #acab miles less via ,suez ?an by way ( ,panama1 :ile to ,hongkong x is #fid miles less4 ,yet x is q conceivable t ! advantage ( tak+ ,new ,york or o!r ,unit$ ,/ates ,atlantic ports on ! way may secure "s ( ?is traffic = ,panama4 ,! really /rik+ sav+ 9 "t & di/ance is %[n by a comp>ison ( ! pres5t di/ances betwe5 our ,atlantic coa/ t[ns & ,au/ralasia & ! ,ori5t4 ,pr(4 ,johnson has put ?is 9 two compact tables1 :i* ,i quote f ,! ,sci5tific ,am]ican3 ,,table ,i4--,,di/ances ,,& ,,"t ,,sav$ ,,via ,,! ,,panama ,,canal ,,z ,,contra/$ ,,) ,,r\tes ,,via ,,! ,,suez ,,canal1 ,,! ,,cape ,,( ,,good ,,hope1 ,,& ,,! ,,/raits ,,( ,,magellan ,,betwe5 ,,! ,,atlantic ,,gulf ,,seabo>d ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,& ,,au/ralasia ,,f ,,new ,,york ,,to ,dis- ,days sav$ = vessels ( ,,rem>ks tance------------------------- sav$ #i #aj #ab #ad #af knotsknotsknotsknotsknots ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,miles ,adelaide #a1gdf #g4e #f4g #e4f #d4f #d4j ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama1 ,tahiti1 ,sydney1 & ,melb\rne1 & via ,/4 ,v9c5t & ,cape ( ,good ,hope4 ,melb\rne #b1ggjab4c #aa4j #i4a #g4g #f4g ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama1 ,tahiti1 & ,sydney & via ,/4 ,v9c5t1 ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 & ,adelaide4 ,sydney #c1icbag4g #ae4h #ac4a #aa4b #i4g ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama & ,tahiti1 & via ,/4 ,v9c5t1 ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 ,adelaide1 & ,melb\rne4 ,well+ton#b1dicaa4j #i4i #h4a #f4i #f4j ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama & ,tahiti & via ,/raits ( ,magellan4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,,f ,,new ,,orleans ,,to ,dis- ,days sav$ = vessels ( ,,rem>ks tance------------------------- sav$ #i #aj #ab #ad #af knotsknotsknotsknotsknots ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,miles ,adelaide #c1behad4f #ac4a #aj4h #i4b #h4j ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama1 ,tahiti1 ,sydney1 & ,melb\rne1 & via ,/4 ,v9c5t & ,cape ( ,good ,hope4 ,melb\rne #d1bhbai4c #ag4c #ad4c #ab4b #aj4g ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama1 ,tahiti1 & ,sydney & via ,/4 ,v9c5t1 ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 & ,adelaide4 ,sydney #e1dddbd4f #bb4b #ah4d #ae4g #ac4g ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama & ,tahiti1 & via ,/4 ,v9c5t1 ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 ,adelaide1 & ,melb\rne4 ,well+ton#c1dhhae4f #ad4j #aa4f #i4i #h4f ,diff]5ce betwe5 r\tes via ,panama & ,tahiti & via ,/raits ( ,magellan4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,,table ,,ii4--,,di/ances ,,& ,,days ,,sav$ ,,by ,,! ,,panama ,,or ,,! ,,suez ,,canal ,,betwe5 ,,! ,,atlantic ,,gulf ,,seabo>d ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,& ,,japan1 ,,*9a1 ,,! ,,philipp9es1 ,,& ,,s+apore ,,f ,,new ,,york ---------------------------------- ,,to ,,via ,days sav$ = vessels ( ,,rem>ks ,dis-------------------------- tance #i #aj #ab #ad #af sav$knotsknotsknotsknotsknots ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,miles ,yokohama ,panama#c1gfhaf4i #ae4b #ab4f #aj4g #i4c ,via ,san ,francisco4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo1 ,s+apore1 ,hongkong & ,%anghai4 ,%anghai ,panama#a1hgf #h4a #g4c #f4j #e4a #d4d ,via ,san ,francisco & ,yokohama4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo1 ,s+apore & ,hongkong4 ,hongkong ,panama 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,san ,francisco1 ,yokohama & ,%anghai4 ,suez #ah 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo & ,s+apore4 ,manila4 ,panama #da 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,san ,francisco & ,yokohama4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo & ,s+apore4 ,s+apore,panama 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,san ,francisco & ,yokohama4 ,suez #b1dhdaa4j #i4h #h4d #f4i #e4i ,via ,colombo4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,,f ,,new ,,orleans ---------------------------------- ,,to ,,via ,days sav$ = vessels ( ,,rem>ks ,dis-------------------------- tance #i #aj #ab #ad #af sav$knotsknotsknotsknotsknots ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,miles ,yokohama ,panama#e1gjebe4i #bc4c #ai4c #af4e #ad4d ,via ,san ,francisco4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo1 ,s+apore1 ,hongkong & ,%anghai4 ,%anghai ,panama#c1hacag4a #ae4d #ab4g #aj4h #i4d ,via ,san ,francisco & ,yokohama4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo1 ,s+apore & ,hongkong4 ,hongkong ,panama#a1iai #h4d #g4e #f4b #e4b #d4e ,via ,san ,francisco1 ,yokohama & ,%anghai4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo & ,s+apore4 ,manila4 ,panama#a1igh #h4f #g4g #f4d #e4d #d4g ,via ,san ,francisco & ,yokohama4 ,suez 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,colombo & ,s+apore4 ,s+apore,panama 444 444 444 444 444 444 ,via ,san ,francisco & ,yokohama4 ,suez #edg #b4j #a4g #a4d #a4a #j4i ,via ,colombo4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,s f> z ,asiatic traffic is conc]n$1 !re is almo/ sure to be "s ov]lapp+ ( r\tes4 ,conditions o!r ?an ^? ( "t & space w occasionally control %ipma/]s 9 ! *oice ( a r\te4 ,b s f> z ! trade ( our ,atlantic ports ) ,hongkong1 ! ,philipp9es & po9ts nor? & ea/ !re( is conc]n$ x w all g ?r\gh ,panama4 ,s1 too1 ) ! vessels f ,engli%1 ,fr5* or ,g]man ports4 ,if ! contemplat$ economies (f]$ by ! price ( coal & fuel oil at ,balboa are effect$1 ! inducem5ts ( ?is r\te w div]t f ,suez all ,european %ipp+ b\nd = ,asiatic ports nor? ( ,india4 ,a c>eful /udy ( ! ,suez ,canal %[s t ! trade ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) all =eign c\ntries made up #cc p] c5t ( ! total traffic1 & ! comm]ce ( ,europe ) ! we/ coa/ ( ,s\? ,am]ica compris$ #ch p] c5t4 ,col4 ,johnson compil$ = ! b5efit ( ! ,commission a table :i* %[$ ! vessels :i* might advantage\sly h us$ ! ,canal 9 #aiji & #aiaj1 & accompani$ x ) ano!r giv+ 8 e/imate ( ! am\nt ( %ipp+ t actually w use ! ,canal 9 #aiae & !reaft]4 ,z ! expression ( (ficial op9ion bas$ ^u ! mo/ c>eful rese>*1 ^! tables are "h republi%$4 ,,classification ,,( ,,e/imat$ ,,net ,,tonnage ,,( ,,%ipp+ ,,us+ ,,! ,,panama ,,canal ,,9 #aiae1 #aibj ,,& #aibe ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,av]age p] annum dur+ #aiae & #aiaf #aibj #aibe ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,coa/-to-coa/ ,am]ican %ipp+ #a1jjj1jjj #a1dad1jjj #b1jjj1jjj ,am]ican %ipp+ c>ry+ =eign comm]ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates #gbj1jjj #iaj1jjj #a1ejj1jjj ,=eign %ipp+ c>ry+ comm]ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & =eign c\ntries #h1ghj1jjjaa1jbj1jjjac1hej1jjj ------------------------------ ,total #aj1ejj1jjjac1cdd1jjjag1jjj1jjj ---------------------------------------- ------------------------ ,illu/ration3 ,,culebra ,,cut ,,on ,a ,,hazy ,,day ,,net ,,tonnage ,,( ,,vessels ,,t ,,might ,,h ,,advantage\sly ,,us$ ,a ,,panama ,,canal ,,9 #aiji-aj4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,total ,total ,total ,entrances ,entrances,cle>ances & ,cle>ances ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,europe )3 ,we/]n ,s\? ,am]ica #a1eec1hhg #a1eid1eac #c1adh1djj ,we/]n ,c5tral ,am]ica & ,pacific ,mexico #hj1ghh #aah1gad #aii1ejb ,pacific ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,briti% ,columbia1 & ,hawaii #dai1hfe #bfi1hec #fhi1gah ,pacific ,unit$ ,/ates via ,suez ,canal 7#a7 7#a7 7#a7aeh1jjj ,ori5tal c\ntries ea/ ( ,s+apore & ,oceania #fah1gjd #eee1hha #a1agd1ehe ,ea/]n ,unit$ ,/ates coa/ )3 ,we/]n ,s\? ,am]ica1 ,pacific ,mexico1 & ,hawaii #cji1iji #aff1fhf #dfg1eie ,pacific ,coa/ ( ,unit$ ,/ates 7via ,cape ,horn7 #aag1adg #ee1ejh #agb1fee ,pacific ,coa/ ( ,unit$ ,/ates & ,hawaii 7via ,am]ican-,hawaiian ,s4,s4 ,co47 #aha1gac #aha1gac #cfc1dbf ,ori5tal c\ntries ea/ ( ,s+apore & ,oceania #fjj1jjj #ijj1jjj #a1ejj1jjj ,pacific traffic3 ,pacific ,coa/ #aeh1eeh #bei1icb #dah1dij ,atlantic ,coa/ -- -- -- ,ea/]n ,canada ) ,alaska1 ,*ile & ,au/ralia #ac1daj #bb1bdh #ce1feh ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,total #d1jdd1iha #d1abe1jdh #h1cbh1jbi ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,,note4--7#a7 ,report$ by ,suez ,canal ,company2 h5ce ! total is n sep>able into entrances & cle>ances at ,am]ican ports4 ,aft] all1 h[ev]1 ! mo/ pati5t inve/igation ( ! pa/ & ! mo/ c>eful & sci5tific calculations ( ! probabilities ( ! future may produce a :olly inaccurate result4 ,! real effect ( ! ,canal on ! _w's comm]ce may be some?+ :olly diff]5t f :at ! exp]ts expect4 ,b we may proce$ ^u ! well-e/abli%$ fact t no new r\te ( swift] & *eap] transportation ev] fail$ to create a great bus9ess1 & to develop ?riv+ communities along its r\te4 ,?is fact f9ds illu/ration 9 ! build+ up ( ! suburbs & back c\ntry by ! developm5t ( trolley l9es1 &1 on a l>g] scale1 ! prodigi\s gr[? ( our ,pacific coa/ aft] ! transcont95tal railroads _h f\ght _! way to e corn] ( t empire /ill 9 ! mak+4 ,mu* is unc]ta9 ab\t :at ! ,panama ,canal w d = ! expansion ( our trade & influ5ce1 b ! "o ?+ t is c]ta9 is t no sane man is likely to put ! figures ( increase & ext5sion too high4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,bird',s-,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,miraflores ,,lock ,at ! upp] end ( ! lock ! guide wall ext5ds into ,miraflores lake2 ! l[] end op5s into ! tide-wat] ,canal4 ,m & m ! exports ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates are tak+ ! =m ( manufactur$ goods4 ,! old times :5 we 7 ! gran>y ( ! _w are pass+ away & ! mom5t is n f> di/ant :5 we %all produce b>ely en\gh = our rapidly increas+ population4 ,briti% ,columbia is tak+ up ! task ( fe$+ ! _w :]e we are dropp+ x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 our manufactur+ indu/ry is progress+ ) giant /rides &1 :ile a few ye>s ago our manufactur]s 7 cont5t ) _! rigidly protect$ home m>ket1 !y are n[ rea*+ out = ! m>kets ( =eign l&s4 ,figures j issu$ %[ t 9 #aj ye>s our exports ( manufactur$ goods h increas$ #gj p] c5t4 ,! possibilities ( ! ,asiatic m>ket1 :i* ! ,canal br+s s mu* m closely to our doors1 are almo/ incalculable4 ,= cotton goods alone ,*9a & ,india w af=d a m>ket va/ly exce$+ any :i* is n[ op5 to our cotton mills1 & if1 z _m hold1 ! ,*9ese %all !mselves take up ! manufacture ( ! fleecy /aple !y w h to turn to ,new ,engl& & ,p5nsylvania = _! ma*9]y & to our cotton belt ( /ates = ! mat]ial4 ,! %ips f ,*>le/on1 ,savannah1 ,new ,orleans & ,galve/on1 :i* s long /eam$ ea/w>d ) _! c>goes ( cotton1 w 9 a few ye>s turn _! pr[s t[>d ! sett+ sun4 ,inde$ ^! s\!rn ports %\ld be among ! fir/ to feel ! /imulat+ effect ( ! new m>kets4 ,s\!rn tobacco1 lumb]1 iron & coal w f9d a new outlet1 & freight :i* has be5 go+ to ,atlantic ports w g to ! ,gulf--! front door to ! ,canal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h&l+ ,,brok5 ,,rock ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,am]ican ,press ,association ,,lock ,,con/ruction ,,%[+ ,,conduits ,h[ swiftly & effici5tly ,am]ican manufactur]s & jobb]s w seize ^u ! new conditions & avail !mselves ( ?is op5+ ( new fields is yet to be det]m9$4 ,! enemies ( a protective t>iff are n ! only ones :o hold t x has _h ! result ( dull+ ! ke5 _s ( adv5tur\s ent]prise = :i* our p 7 once not$4 ,! absolute possession ( a home m>ket ev] gr[+ 9 size & into :i* no =eign] c\ld ent] ) any hope ( successful competition has naturally engag$ at home ! att5tion ( our capta9s ( indu/ry4 ,bold & da%+ spirits ( ! sort t "o hundr$ ye>s ago 7 cov]+ ! seas ) ,baltimore clipp]s & ! output ( ! ,new ,engl& %ipy>ds turn$ _! att5tion half a c5tury ago to ! build+ ( railroads & ! developm5t ( our we/]n fronti]4 ,:5 ! middle-ag$ m5 ( today 7 boys1 ! h]oes ( _! /ory books ran away to sea & aft] incr$ible adv5tures came home 9 comm& ( clipp] %ips trad+ to ,*9a4 ,today ! same class ( fiction />ts ! aspir+ boy 9 z a brakeman or a mill h& & he em]ges z a railroad presid5t or ! head ( a great manufactur+ indu/ry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,travel+ ,,crane ,,h&l+ ,,concrete ,,9 ,,lock-,,build+ ,^! cranes are ! /rik+ feature ( ! ,canal l&scape1 h&l+ ?\s&s ( tons ( concrete daily ,illu/ration3 ,,tivoli ,,hotel ,,f ,,hospital ,,gr\nds ,illu/ration3 ,,me/izo ,,girl ,,( ,,*orr]a ,:e!r ! e>li] _s ( _w conque/ w aga9 spr+ up 9 ! ,am]ican m9d s long cont5t ) ! pr(its ( its own national pres]ves is yet to be demon/rat$4 ,to :at ext5t x has vani%$ any ?\ghtful travel] 9 =eign l&s obs]ves ) a sigh4 ,"o sees evid5ces ( its weakness at e =eign int]national exhibition1 = ! ,am]ican section is g5]ally ! lea/ impressive !re4 ,! op9ion ( our manufactur]s is (t5 t to %[ _! products abroad is folly because =eign manufactur]s w imitate !m ) *eap] mat]ials & labor4 ,9 mo/ =eign m>kets1 9 ! cities ( ,europe1 ,s\? ,am]ica & ! ,ori5t ! *ief ,am]ican products y see display$ are ^? manufactur$ by "o ( ^? comb9ations ( capital we call a tru/1 & !y are usually sold abroad at l[] prices ?an at home4 ,typewrit]s1 add+ ma*9es1 sew+ ma*9es1 %oes & ! div]s products ( ! protean ,/&>d ,oil ,company seem to be ! mo/ vigor\s repres5tatives ( ,am]ican indu/rial activity abroad4 ,nev]!less ! rec5t /ati/ics %[ t our exp]ts are on ! up-grade1 & evid5ces ( gr[+ int]e/ 9 our export trade multiply daily4 ,t ! ,canal ( itself w n make am5ds = indiff]5ce or le?>gy on ! "p ( our manufactur]s goes )\t say+4 ,! nation may supply !m ) ! wat]way1 b x _c compel !m to use x1 or ev5 tea* !m h[4 ,e ,am]ican travel] 9 ,s\? ,am]ica has groan$ ov] ! reports t come f e side conc]n+ ! fatuity ) :i* our manufactur]s p]mit !mselves to be di/anc$ 9 ! race = ! trade ( ^? republics4 ,our consul> reports are fill$ ) sugge/ions f consuls1 b ! v>i\s associations ( export]s are s busy pass+ platitud9\s resolutions ab\t ! ne$ ( tak+ ! consul> s]vice out ( politics t !y h no "t to he$ ! really valuable sugge/ions (f]$4 ,our me?ods ( pack+ goods1 & our sy/ems ( cr$its1 are repugnant to ! ,s\? ,am]ican ne$s & cu/oms & ! fact has be5 set =? 9 detail 9 innum]able consul> reports )\t any response on ! "p ( our export]s4 ,! ,am]ican attitude is 8:at is good en\gh at home is good en\gh abroad0--:i* is patriotic b n a good rule on :i* to attempt build+ up =eign trade4 ,incid5tally sometimes :at is good en\gh = a home m>ket is (t5 too good = a ,lat9-,am]ican "o4 ,! ,engli% & ! ,g]mans recognize ?is & gov]n !mselves accord+ly4 ,x is a f> cry f digg+ a canal to ! sy/em ( educat+ "y m5 to repres5t a firm 9 =eign l&s4 ,yet "o f9ds 9 visit+ ,s\? ,am]ica1 or = t matt] ,ori5tal cities1 t a great deal ( ! rapid expansion ( ,g]man trade is due to ! sy/ematic education ( boys = bus9ess 9 =eign l&s4 ,! weake/ "p ( ! educational sy/em ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is its indiff]5ce to =eign tongues1 an indiff]5ce possibly q natural because b few ,am]icans h really any ne$ = any language except _! own4 ,b ! ,g]man repres5tatives s5t to ,s\? ,am]ica are at home 9 ! ,spani% tongue1 & c>efully s*ool$ 9 ! comm]cial ne$s & cu/oms ( ! ,lat9-,am]ican c\ntries be=e !y rea* !m4 ,!y are back$1 too1 by a /rong semi-(ficial organization 9 _! own c\ntry4 ,!y h 9 mo/ ( ! pr9cipal ,s\? ,am]ican t[ns ,g]man banks q z int]e/$ z ! salesm5 !mselves 9 ! ext5sion ( ,g]man trade4 ,x is report$ t :5ev] pap] involv$ 9 an ,am]ican transaction ) a ,s\? ,am]ican buy] passes ?r\gh a ,g]man bank 9 ,s\? ,am]ica a report ( ! transaction is s5t to "s c5tral ,g]man ag5cy :i* tries to div]t ! next bus9ess ( ! same sort into ,g]man h&s4 ,i h no p]sonal k ( su* transactions1 b ! /ory is curr5t 9 ,s\? ,am]ica & x is q 9 accord ) ! ,g]man's inf9ite capacity = tak+ pa9s ) little ?+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright1 #aiac1 ,f4 ,e4 ,wright4 ,,santa ,,ana ,,plaza1 ,,panama ,?is plaza 0 built up l>gely dur+ ! ,fr5* rgime & ! op5 air cafs are relics ( t p]iod ( pleasure4 ,x is ! gaye/ ( ! t[n's rally+ places4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h[ ,,corn ,,is ,,gr\nd ,=eign %ips1 no less ?an =eign banks & ! excell5ce ( =eign comm]cial s*ools1 are & w cont9ue to be a factor 9 ! build+ up ( =eign trade via ! ,canal4 ,j z ! ,g]man banks report to _! home comm]cial organizations ! transactions ( o!r c\ntries 9 l&s ^: trade is s\ght1 s =eign %ips naturally "w = ! advantage ( ! c\ntry ^: flag !y fly4 ,surpris+ z x may seem to _m1 & disappo9t+ z x mu/ be to all1 x is ! un=tunate fact t )9 a ye> ( ! "t set = op5+ ! ,panama ,canal to comm]ce !re is n ! slighte/ evid5ce t t great "w is go+ to h any influ5ce :atsoev] t[>d ! creation ( a ,unit$ ,/ates fleet 9 =eign trade4 ,engl&1 ,g]many1 ,italy & ,japan are all e/abli%+ new l9es1 ! la/ ?ree ) ! aid ( heavy subsidies4 ,b 9 ,april1 #aiac1 a recogniz$ au?ority on ! ,am]ican m]*ant m>9e publi%$ ?is /atem5t3 8,s f> z int]national comm]ce via ,panama is conc]n$ n "o new keel is be+ laid 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & n "o new %ip has ev5 be5 project$4 ,! ,panama ,canal act ( la/ ,augu/ rev]s$ our =m] policy & grant$ free ,am]ican regi/ry to =eign-built %ips = int]national comm]ce ?r\gh ! ,panama ,canal or else:]e4 ,b ?is #8free-%ip' policy has utt]ly fail$4 ,n "o =eign %ip has hoi/$ ! ,am]ican flag1 n "o reque/ = ! flag has rea*$ ! ,bureau ( ,navigation04 ,illu/ration3 ,,!y ,,us$ ,,to ,,d ,,?is ,,9 ,,new ,,engl& ,! reason = ?is is ! ar*aic condition ( our navigation laws4 ,! fir/ co/ ( a %ip1 ev5 ?\gh some:at great] :5 built 9 ,am]ican y>ds1 becomes a negligible factor 9 comp>ison ) a law :i* makes e exp5se incurr$ 9 op]at+ x #aj to #bj p] c5t high] ?an l *>ges on =eign vessels4 ,james ,j4 ,hill1 ! great railroad build]1 :o plann$ a l9e ( /eam%ips to ! ,ori5t & built ! two greate/ %ips t ev] came f an ,am]ican y>d1 said once to ! writ]1 8,i c build %ips 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates z advantage\sly z on ! ,clyde & op]ate !m )\t a subsidy4 ,b nei!r ,i nor any o!r man c ma9ta9 a l9e ( ,am]ican %ips at a pr(it :ile ! navigation laws put u at a disadvantage 9 competition ) ^? ( e o!r nation04 ,^? ma9ly responsible = ! enactm5t & ma9t5ance ( ! navigation laws decl>e !m to be ess5tial to secure prop] wages & treatm5t ( ! ,am]ican sailor1 b ! effect has be5 to deprive ! sailor ( ! %ips necess>y to e>n 8 livelihood4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,pile-,,driv] ,,& ,,dr$ge ,,at ,,balboa ,,dock ,h[ev]1 coa/wise %ipp+ w be greatly /imulat$ by ! ,canal4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! lam5tation ab\t ! disappe>ance ( ! ,am]ican flag f ! high seas x is gratify+ to reflect t ! m]*ant m>9e ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is really ! second 9 ! _w1 ?\gh our %>e 9 int]national %ipp+ is almo/ negligible4 ,t we rank second z a :ole is due to ! ph5om5al developm5t ( our %ipp+ on ! great lakes :]e ) a season b>ely eight mon?s long a %ipp+ bus9ess is done t dw>fs ! ,m$it]ranean or ! ,g]man ,ocean into insignificance4 ,?is has built up a great %ipbuild+ bus9ess on ! lakes1 & /eel %ips are ev5 n[ be+ built on ! ,detroit ,riv] to engage 9 ,panama trade4 ,!re are n want+ ^? :o hold t if ! money :i* has be5 sp5t at ,panama = ! good ( ! :ole _w1 _h be5 exp5d$ 9 mak+ a ?irty-foot %ip canal f ,lake ,erie to tide-wat] on ! ,hudson1 ! b5efit to ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & to ,am]ican %ipp+ w\ld h be5 va/ly great]4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,giant ,,cem5t ,,c>ri]s ,,at ,,"w ,plac$ 9 pairs on ei!r side ( a piece ( "w requir+ concrete1 ^! frames support cables 9 :i* sw+ c>s c>ry+ concrete & controll$ by a workman 9 ! elevat$ h\se %[n ,inde$ "o ( ! pa!tic ?+s 9 ! hi/ory ( comm]ce is ! p]si/5ce ) :i* ent]pris+ ,*icagoans1 & o!r mid-we/]n]s1 h tri$ to e/abli% all-wat] r\tes to ! ,european m>kets4 ,all su* endeavors h fail$1 co/+ _! projectors heavily4 ,x w aid1 h[ev]1 if ! success ( ! ,panama ,canal %all n reanimate ! ef=t to secure deep-wat] *annels f ! ,lakes to ! ,gulf & f ! ,lakes to ! ,atlantic4 ,aft] ,panama ! nation is unlikely to be daunt$ by any canal-digg+ project4 ,hav+ improv$ ! ocean highway1 ! p w dem& easi] access to x4 ,already !re is discussion ( :e!r ! railroads w help or ham/r+ ! ,canal4 ,c>goes = ! %ips h to be ga!r$ 9 ! int]ior4 ,:5 deliv]$ at ! seaport ( _! de/9ation !y h to be di/ribut$ to int]ior m>kets4 ,x is 9 ! p[] ( ! railroads to make su* *>ges = ?is s]vice z w\ld s]i\sly imp$e ! economic use ( ! ,canal4 ,among ! great canals ( ! _w t at ,panama ranks easily fir/ 9 po9t ( co/1 ?\gh 9 l5g? x is outdone by _m1 & its place z a c>ri] ( traffic is yet to be det]m9$4 ,!re are n[ 9 op]ation n9e artificial wat]ways :i* may prop]ly be call$ %ip canals1 namely3 #a4--,! ,suez ,canal1 begun 9 #ahei & complet$ 9 #ahfi4 #b4--,! ,cron/adt & ,/4 ,pet]sburg ,canal1 begun 9 #ahgg & complet$ 9 #ahij4 #c4--,! ,cor9? ,canal1 begun 9 #ahhd & complet$ 9 #ahic4 #d4--,! ,man*e/] ,%ip ,canal1 complet$ 9 #ahic4 #e4--,! ,kais] ,wilhelm ,canal1 connect+ ! ,baltic & ,nor? ,seas1 complet$ 9 #ahie4 #f4--,! ,elbe & ,trave ,canal1 connect+ ! ,nor? ,sea & ,baltic1 op5$ 9 #aijj4 #g4--,! ,well& ,canal1 connect+ ,lake ,erie ) ,lake ,ont>io4 #h & #i4--,! two canals1 ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canadian1 respectively1 connect+ ,lake ,sup]ior ) ,lake ,huron4 ,! ,suez ,canal naturally sugge/s itself = comp>ison1 ?\gh x falls f> %ort 9 volume ( traffic ( ei!r ( ! two canals at ,sault ,/e4 ,m>ie1 betwe5 ,lake ,sup]ior & ,lake ,huron4 ,x is n9ety miles long1 or j ab\t twice ! l5g? ( ! ,panama1 & ab\t two-?irds ( its l5g? is dr$g$ ?r\gh %all[ lakes4 ,x is #ca feet deep z aga9/ ,panama's #de1 ) a surface wid? ( #dbj feet1 :ile ! ,panama ,canal is f #cjj to #ajjj feet4 ,! ,suez ,canal co/ slightly "u #ajj1jjj1jjj & pays divid5ds at ! rate ( #ab p] c5t4 ,"l ,beaconsfield1 :o b\ght control ( x = ,engl& 9 face ( fi]ce opposition & 0 savagely d5\nc$ = wild-cat f9anci]+1 secur$ = ! ,empire n m]ely its /ronge/ bond1 b a highly pr(itable inve/m5t z well4 ,! tolls n[ *>g$ are ab\t #b a ton accord+ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates net measurem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tracks ,,asc5d+ ,,f ,,l[] ,,to ,,upp] ,,lock ,doors giv+ access to s]vice tunnels are %[n at ei!r side ( ! c5tral asc5t ,( ! o!r canals enum]at$ "s1 l ! ,man*e/] & ! ,elbe & ,trave ,canals1 are ( purely local importance1 :ile o!rs1 l ! ,kais] ,wilhelm 7bett] kn[n z ! ,kiel7 ,canal1 are ma9ly = naval & milit>y purposes4 ,9 volume ( traffic ! fir/ ( all canals 9 ! _w is ! ,am]ican canal at ! 8,soo01 ) ! ,canadian canal p>allel+ x a fair second4 ,! volume ( traffic pass+ ?r\gh ^! wat]ways dur+ ! eight or n9e mon?s !y are free f ice is incr$ible4 ,9 #aiaa x approximat$ #dj1jjj1jjj tons & exce$$ 9 volume ,suez & all ! o!r %ip canals h]et(ore enum]at$ toge!r4 ,to ! facilities = wat] c>riage af=d$ by ?is & ! neighbor+ ,canadian canal is due mu* ( ! rapid gr[? & developm5t ( ! c\ntry ab\t ! we/]n end ( ,lake ,sup]ior4 ,:at c\ntries w pr(it 9 ! same way by ! "w at ,panama8 ,! ,pacific coa/1 bo? ( ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,p]haps ,s\? ,am]ica ev5 m ?an our own l&1 = its pres5t /ate admits ( su* developm5t4 ,"o problem op5$ by ! ,panama ,canal :i* seldom sugge/s itself to ! m]ely casual m9d is ! "o involv$ 9 keep+ x cle> ( ! infecti\s & epidemic diseases = :i* ,asiatic & tropical ports h a s9i/] reputation4 ,! op5+ ( ! ,suez ,canal 0 foll[$ by new dang] f plague1 *ol]a & yell[ fev] 9 ,m$it]ranean c\ntries4 ,a l situation may arise at ,panama4 ,x is propos$1 ?\gh ,i ?9k n yet (ficially1 to h pass+ vessels f infect$ ports inspect$ at ! entrance to ! ,canal4 ,if infection exi/s ! %ip c be fumigat$ dur+ ! passage ?r\gh ! ,canal1 :i* w take f t5 to twelve h\rs1 :ile ! subsequ5t voyage to h] home port1 :e!r on our ,atlantic coa/ or 9 ,europe1 w make any subsequ5t delay 9 qu>ant9e ne$less4 ,! plague is ! disease mo/ dread$ 9 civiliz$ communities1 :i* x only ent]s by be+ br\ght by %ip f "s ,asiatic port 9 :i* x is preval5t4 ,its g]ms c be c>ri$ by rats z well z by human be+s1 & = ?is reason 9 "s ports vessels f suspect$ ports are n all[$ to come up to a dock le/ ! rod5ts slip a%ore c>ry+ ! pe/il5ce4 ,sometimes 9 su* ports y w see a vessel's haws]s ob/ruct$ by l>ge metal disks1 pa/ :i* no rat may slip if he tries ! tight-rope r\te to ! %ore4 ,! new contracts = :>ves1 docks & pi]s at all our ,zone ports prescribe t !y %all be rat-pro(4 ,inde$ ! rod5ts are v mu* "u ! ban 9 ,panama1 & ! annual slaught] by ! ,sanit>y ,dep>tm5t exce$s #ab1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,col4 ,,goe?als' ,,h\se ,,at ,,culebra ,z is fitt+1 8,! ,colonel's0 h\se tops ! highe/ hill 9 ,culebra1 look+ d[n ! cut ,prep>ations are be+ made to make ,balboa a qu>ant9e /ation ( _w-wide importance4 ,! m]e proximity ( ! date = op5+ ! ,canal has caus$ discussion ( its effect ^u ! heal? ( civiliz$ nations4 ,at ,suez an ,int]national ,bo>d exi/s = ! purpose ( s gu>d+ t gateway f ! ,ea/ t none ( ! pe/il5ces = :i* ! ,ori5t has an ill-fame c slip ?r\gh4 ,no sugge/ion has be5 made ( int]national control at ,panama4 ,9 fact su* ( ! =eign articles z h come "u my eye h be5 flatt]+ to u z a nation1 ass]t+1 z !y all d1 t 9 sanit>y sci5ce ! ,unit$ ,/ates is s f> ahead t ! qu>ant9e s]vice may be safely entru/$ to ?is nation alone4 ,despite ?is *e]ful optimism ( ,europe1 !re has n yet be5 a v prompt acquiesc5ce by ,congress 9 ! e/imates pres5t$ by ,col4 ,gorgas = ! p]man5t h\s+ & ma9t5ance ( ! qu>ant9e s]vice4 ,s9ce ! ,unit$ ,/ates is to give ! ,canal to ! _w1 x %\ld s equip ! gift t x w n be a m5ace to ! _w's heal?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,electric ,,t[+ ,,locomotives ,,on ,a ,,lock ,,*apt] ,,xx ,,diplomacy ,,& ,,politics ,,( ,,! ,,canal ,hav+ built ! ,panama ,canal at a heavy co/ ( treasure & no light co/ ( life1 hav+ subdu$ to our w ! greate/ =ces ( nature & put a curb ^u ! malevol5t p[]s ( tropical miasma & infection1 we are ab\t to give ! complet$ result to ! :ole _w4 ,x /&s z a free gift1 = nev] c any tolls t w be impos$ make ( x a comm]cial success4 ,x 0 ! failure to recognize ?is inevitable fact t made x impossible = ! ,fr5* to complete ! task4 ,x w be a national asset1 n because ( ! income ga!r$ at its two entrances1 b because ( ! *eap5+ ( freight rates betwe5 our two coa/s & ! consequ5t r$uction ( prices to our citiz5s4 ,b ?is advantage w accrue to peoples :o h n paid a doll> ( taxation t[>d ! con/ruction ( ! ,canal4 ,!re is absolutely no advantage :i* ! ,canal may pres5t to ! p ( ,new ,engl& t w n be %>$ equally by ! p ( ! ,canadian prov9ces ( ,quebec & ,ont>io if !y desire to avail !mselves ( ! opportunity4 ,our gulf ports ( ,mobile1 ,new ,orleans & ,galve/on expect1 & reasonably s1 t ! volume ( _! traffic w be greatly increas$ by ! op5+ ( ! ,canal4 ,b if ,rio de ,janeiro1 ,bu5os ,ayres & ,montevideo h products !y desire to %ip to ! ,ori5t or to ! we/]n coa/ ( _! own cont95t ( ,s\? ,am]ica ! ,canal is op5 to !m z freely z to our %ips4 ,hav+ giv5 to ! _w s great a b5efaction1 x w be ! "p ( ! int]national /atesm5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! diplomati/s1 to see to x t ! gift is n di/ort$1 nor1 ?r\gh any act ( ours1 divid$ unequally among ^? %>+ 9 x4 ,^u ! diplomacy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! op5+ ( ! ,canal w impose _m new burd5s & responsibilities4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*ur* ,,9 ,,*orr]a ,sc>cely any g5]al ,european w> involv$ m intricate & delicate que/ions ( ! reciprocal rights ( nations ?an did ! acquisition ( ! ,suez ,canal by ,great ,brita94 ,volumes h be5 writt5 on ! subject ( ! diplomacy ( ,suez4 ,! ,con/ant9ople conf]5ce call$ = ! discussion ( t topic1 & ! specific delimitation ( ! au?ority ( ,great ,brita9 & ! rights ( o!r m>itime nations 0 "o ( ! mo/ notable ga!r+s 9 ! hi/ory ( diplomacy4 ,! ,panama wat]way w br+ new problems & int5sify old ones = ! consid]ation ( our /atesm54 ,! ,monroe ,doctr9e is likely to come 9 = a v1 ?or\gh te/+ & p]haps a new =mulation4 ,! precise scope ( t doctr9e has ( late ye>s become some:at ill def9$4 ,=eign nations say t ! t5d5cy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is to ext5d its p[]s & ignore its responsibilities "u ?is !ory4 ,9 ,lat9 ,am]ica1 :]e t doctr9e %\ld be hail$ z a bulw>k ( protection1 x is look$ ^u askance4 ,t feel+ is l>gely due to ! attitude ( ?is c\ntry t[>d ! ,republic ( ,colombia at ! "t ( ! secession ( ,panama4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,native ,,kit*5 ,a problem ( ! highe/ importance to ! cr$it ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,lat9 ,am]ica1 :i* %\ld be settl$ 9 accordance ) pr9ciples ( national honor & int]national equity1 is ! det]m9ation ( :at rep>ation we owe ! ,republic ( ,colombia = our "p 9 ! revolution :i* made ,panama an indep5d5t /ate & gave u ! ,canal ,zone4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,h\se ,,9 ,,p5om5e ,9 an e>li] *apt] ,i h tri$ to tell1 )\t bias1 ! /ory ( t revolution & to leave to ! read]s' own judgm5t ! "q :e!r our "p 9 x 0 t m]ely ( an innoc5t by/&]1 a neutral look]-on1 or :e!r we did n1 by me?ods ( indirection at lea/1 make x impossible = ,colombia to employ h] own troops = ! suppression ( rebellion 9 h] own t]ritory4 ,z ,presid5t1 & lat] z private citiz51 ,mr4 ,roosevelt 0 always exce$+ly insi/5t t he _h adh]$ to ! /ricte/ lett] ( ! neutrality law--always t is except 9 t "o impetu\s spee* 9 ,san ,francisco1 9 :i* he blurt$ out ! boa/1 8,i took ,panama & left ,congress to debate ab\t x aft]w>d04 ,illu/ration3 ,,giant ,,cacti ,,(t5 ,,us$ ,,= ,,h$g+ ,plant$ close toge!r1 ^! cacti =m a b>ri] impassible by animals ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,/reet ,,9 ,,*orr]a ,mr4 ,roosevelt's prote/ations ( innoc5ce _h1 h[ev]1 little effect ^u 8 own fri5ds & p>ty associates1 = e>ly 9 ! ,taft adm9i/ration ! conviction became g5]al among m5 9 high /ation t rep>ation ( "s sort 0 due to ,colombia = :at 0--to express x gu>d$ly--our connivance at a conspiracy t co/ t republic its ri*e/ prov9ce--co/ x fur!r a lump paym5t ( #aj1jjj1jjj & an annual sum ( #bej1jjj to et]nity4 ,! records ( diplomacy are enme%$ 9 _m conceal+ veils1 b en\gh is kn[n ( ! progress ( ! negotiations to reflect cr$it ^u ! diplomacy ( ,colombia4 ,t c\ntry has nei!r ?reat5$ nor blu/]$--& ! und5iable fact t ! comp>ative p[] ( ,colombia & ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld make ?reats & blu/] ridicul\s w\ld n ord9>ily det] a ,lat9-,am]ican ,presid5t f %riek+ %rill defiance at lea/ = ! b5efit ( 8 compatriots4 ,colombia has be5 p]si/5t b n petulant4 ,x has /at$ its case to two adm9i/rations & has wrung f bo? ! confession t ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 t revolution act$ ! "p ( an int]national b&it4 ,out ( ! recesses ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate has leak$ ! in=mation t ! ,unit$ ,/ates has made to ,colombia a t5tative (f] ( #aj1jjj1jjj1 b t x _h be5 refus$4 ,b ! (f] itself 0 a complete confession on ! "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( its guilt 9 ! transaction compla9$ (4 ,naturally1 ,colombia decl9$ ! pr(f]$ consci5ce money4 ,panama receiv$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates n m]ely #aj1jjj1jjj1 b w get #bej1jjj a ye> = an indef9ite p]iod4 ,all ?is ,colombia lo/ & h] valuable prov9ce z well because ! capta9 ( a ,unit$ ,/ates man-(-w> w\ld n let ! ,colombian colonels on t day ( revolution use =ce to compel a railroad manag] to c>ry _! troops across ! ,i/hmus4 ,! grievance ( ! ,colombians is a v real & seem+ly j "o4 ,we he> mu* ( ! national honor 9 ref]5ce to canal tolls b less ( x 9 relation to ?is controv]sy ) ,colombia4 ,yet t controv]sy ought to be settl$ & settl$ ju/ly4 ,x is inconceivable1 ( c\rse1 t x %\ld be det]m9$ by re/or+ ! /atus z x exi/$ be=e t day ( op]a-b\ffe revolution4 ,our inve/m5t 9 ! ,canal ,zone1 our duty to ! _w :i* awaits ! op5+ ( ! ,canal1 & our loyalty to our p>tn]1 ,panama1 alike make t impossible4 ,! ,republic ( ,panama is an accompli%$ fact n to be oblit]at$ ev5 9 ! int]e/ ( precise ju/ice4 ,z ! ,p]sian poet put x3 8,! mov+ f+] writes1 & hav+ writ ,moves on2 nor all y\r piety nor wit1 ,%all lure x back to cancel half a l9e1 ,nor all y\r te>s wa% out "o ^w ( x04 ,presid5t ,roosevelt wrote ! ^w ,panama on ! li/ ( nations & mov$ on va/ly pleas$ ) ! record4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,br[n ,bros4 ,,! ,,t[n ,,( ,,empire1 ,,soon ,,to ,,be ,,ab&on$ ,! situation at ! same "t is "o n to be lightly dealt )4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates is none too popul> at any po9t s\? ( its own bord]s4 ,x is at ! "o "t hat$ & fe>$4 ,! v ,panamanians :om we inve/$ ) indep5d5ce h no lik+ = u & ! hatr$ ( ! ,colombians = ! nation t despoil$ !m is s g5]al & extreme t _! rul]s are entitl$ to ! utmo/ cr$it = hav+ obs]v$ all ! c\rtesies ( diplomacy 9 _! ef=ts to secure "s measure ( rep>ation4 ,! "q pres5ts itself1 is x wise to leave su* a hot-b$ ( hatr$1 ( res5tm5t p]haps ju/ifiable1 9 ! v mid/ ( ,lat9 ,am]ica1 j :5 we are hop+ by our new ,canal to ext5d & cem5t our comm]cial relations ) !m8 ,among ! ,lat9 ,am]icans !re is a v g5]al feel+ t our devotion to ! ,monroe ,doctr9e is indicative only ( our purpose to protect our neighbors aga9/ any selfi% aggressions except our own4 ,x is ( ! v highe/ importance t ?is feel+ be dissipat$1 & !re is p]haps no m imm$iate way ( beg9n+ t task ?an by rea*+ su* an agreem5t ) ,colombia z %all indicate to o!r ,s\? ,am]ican gov]nm5ts our purpose ( do+ exact ju/ice among our neighbors1 be !y great & p[]ful or small & weak4 ,illu/ration3 ,,panama ,,railroad ,,bridge ,,across ,,! ,,*agres ,) all ! ,s\? ,am]ican c\ntries ! comm]ce ( ! ,canal w t5d to br+ u into clos] relations & to multiply ! possibility ( int]national diss5sion4 ,moreov]1 ! gr[+ int]e/s ( ,unit$ ,/ates bus9ess m5 9 ^? c\ntries =m national outpo/s on :i* we mu/ ev] keep a fri5dly eye4 ,x is ridicul\s to urge ^u individuals ! task ( /imulat+ & ext5d+ our =eign trade if ! gov]nm5t is to be :olly indiff]5t to _! ef=ts4 ,x is kn[n t ! great beef pack]s ( ,*icago h consid]able plants 9 ! ,arg5t9e2 t a fam\s iron manufactur] ( ,pittsburgh has 9 ,*ile :at is believ$ to be ! l>ge/ iron m9e 9 ! _w2 t ! ,/&>d ,oil ,company has its ag5cies ?r\gh\t ! cont95t2 & ! ,du ,pont ,p[d] ,company besides ma9ta9+ two nitrate plants 9 ,*ile does a prodigi\s bus9ess 9 explosives ) ! v>i\s /ates--& n ma9ly = milit>y purposes only4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,/eel ,company has a vanadium m9e 9 ,p]u :]e #cjjj ,am]icans are work+4 ,! equipm5t ( /reet railways & electric-light+ plants 9 ,s\? ,am]ican cities is almo/ :olly ( ,am]ican manufacture4 ,ev5 )\t ! sy/ematic enc\ragem5t ( _! home gov]nm5t1 ,am]ican bus9ess m5 h begun to make inroads ^u ,g]man & ,engli% comm]cial p[] 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & ! op5+ ( ! ,canal w increase _! activities4 ,today our ,pacific coa/ is practically %ut (f f any int]*ange ( commodities ) ,brazil & ! ,arg5t9e2 ) ! ,canal op5 a direct wat]way w und\bt$ly /imulate a consid]able trade4 ,! m trade is /imulat$1 ! m g5]al travel becomes betwe5 nations1 ! less becomes ! dang] ( w>4 ,!re is no inconsi/5cy 9 ! /atem5t t ! ,canal w become a p[]ful factor 9 ! _w's peace1 ev5 ?\gh x does necessitate ! ma9t5ance ( a bigg] navy & ! erection ( p[]ful =ts = its def5se 9 ! improbable ev5t ( w>4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,/reet ,,9 ,,*orr]a ,?is is b "o phase ( ! influ5ce ! ,canal w ex]cise ^u c\ntries o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:at x w d = ! ,lat9-,am]ican c\ntries imm$iately adjac5t to ,panama 9 ! direction ( lead+ !m to e/abli% improv$ sanitation sy/ems1 or to p]fect ^? !y n[ ma9ta91 is beyond pres5t e/imate4 ,_m su* gov]nm5ts h _h _! repres5tatives on ! ,zone to /udy ! me?ods !re 9 =ce1 & :ile ! pres5t writ] 0 !re ,col4 ,gorgas 0 bes\ght to visit ,guayaquil to give its rul]s exp]t advice on ! correction ( ! unsanit>y /ate ( t city4 ,memb]s ( ! /aff ( ,col4 ,gorgas are 9 dem& z exp]ts 9 all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,i "k ( "o :o 9 ! la/ days ( ! ,canal con/ruction 0 s5t by ! ,g]man gov]nm5t to e/abli% 9 "s ( ! ,g]man ,s\? ,african prov9ces ! me?ods t br\ght heal? to ! ,i/hmus aft] ! days ( ! futile ,fr5* /ruggle ) fev] & mal>ia4 ,x is because ( ?is influ5ce ^u =eign peoples1 already app>5t1 t f>-sight$ p f9d intol]able ! proposition to let ! ,canal ,zone gr[ up into jungle & return to its orig9al /ate ( savag]y4 ,x c & %\ld be made an object lesson to ! _w4 ,f e %ip t makes ! t5-h\r passage ( ! ,canal "s pass5g]s w g a%ore = re/ f ! long voyage & to see :at ! ,zone may h to %[ !m4 ,are we cont5t to h !m see only ! hovels ( ,colon & ! languid /reets ( ,panama--exhibits t give no idea ( ! =ce1 ! imag9ation1 ! idealism t gave be+ to ! ,canal8 ,today ! ,zone is a little bit ( typical ,unit$ ,/ates life set d[n 9 ! tropics4 ,s x might rema9 if due enc\ragem5t 7 giv5 to indu/ri\s settl]s4 ,!re is n s mu* l& 9 ! _w t ?is ne$ be wa/$1 nor h !re be5 s _m examples ( ! successful creation & cont9uance ( su* a community z ! ,zone has be5 z to ju/ify its oblit]ation be=e ! _w has grasp$ its greate/ significance4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,pe>l ,,isl& ,,village ,!re are n lack+ ^? philosoph]s :o hold t ! fir/ political effect ( ! ,canal w be to =ce u to ab&on t attitude ( national isolation & alo(ness prescrib$ 9 ,wa%+ton's deprecation ( 8entangl+ alliances abroad04 ,!y hold t ?is late/ & greate/ addition to our reasons = solicitude ab\t ! control ( ! ,pacific w compel u to seek ! cop]ation ( o!r p[]s--or ano!r p[]--to make t control complete4 ,p]haps ! proposition is mo/ frankly /at$ 9 ?is p>agraph f ,mr4 ,frank ,fox's 8,problems ( ! ,pacific04 ,illu/ration3 ,,diagram ,,( ,,comp>ative ,,excavations ,,by ,,! ,,fr5* ,,& ,,am]icans ,,9 ,,culebra ,,cut 8,! fri5dly cop]ation betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9 w\ld give to ! ,anglo-,saxon race ! ma/]y ( ! _w's greate/ ocean1 lay+ =ev] ! fe> ( ! ,yell[ ,p]il1 secur+ = ! _w t its greate/ readju/m5t ( ! balance ( p[] %all be effect$ 9 peace1 :ile rivalry betwe5 ^! two k9dr$ nations may cause ! grave/ evils & possibly irrep>able disa/]s04 ,illu/ration3 ,photo by ,w4 ,r4 ,burtis ,,view ,,( ,,p$ro ,,miguel ,,locks ,,ne>+ ,,completion ,?is is no place to discuss ?is !sis1 b ev5 ! mo/ casual consid]ation %[s h[ great a mutual int]e/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita9 h 9 ! ,panama ,canal & its safegu>d+ f any di/urb+ conditions 9 ! ,pacific4 ,until conditions *ange & ! ,unit$ ,/ates rega9s its place among ! m>itime nations ( ! _w ! bulk ( ! trade pass+ ?r\gh ! ,canal w be 9 ,briti% %ips4 ,= ,new ,zeal& & all ( ! ea/]n "p ( ,briti% ,au/ralia ! ,panama r\te (f]s ! mo/ exp$iti\s connection ) ,liv]pool4 ,canada1 too1 is vitally int]e/$ 9 ! ,canal4 ,by ! employm5t ( ! sy/em ( ,georgian ,bay & ,/4 ,lawr5ce ,canals1 :i* ! ,dom9ion gov]nm5t has creat$1 ) a =esight f> great] ?an our own1 ! :eat1 ev5 ( ! ,w9nipeg region1 may be s5t by wat] to ,montreal & !nce 9 sea-go+ %ips to ! fur!r %ore ( ! ,pacific4 ,ev5 ?\gh own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! ,canal w be a p[]ful tie to b9d clos] toge!r ! widely sep>at$ p>ts ( ! ,briti% ,empire4 ,illu/ration3 ,,native ,,woman1 ,,cocle ,t be+ true x w fur!r cem5t ! _s ( fri5dl9ess betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita94 ,x w accompli% ?is )\t =mal treaties or proclaim$ alliance4 ,! alliance w be tacit1 result+ f ! v logic ( ! situation4 ,great ,brita9 _c af=d to be o!rwise ?an fri5dly ) ! own] ( ! ,canal--! little pass+ tiff ov] ! "q ( tolls on coa/wise %ipp+ not)/&+4 ,x is idle to ask t ! control ( ! ,pacific be assur$ by an ,anglo-,am]ican compact4 ,m intellig5t is x to assume t any ef=t to break d[n t control1 :i* n[ virtually exi/s1 w\ld be met by action on ! "p ( ! two ,engli%-speak+ nations q z effective z ?\gh a treaty exi/$4 ,?is1 too1 despite ! pres5t ,anglo-,japanese treaty :i* s disquiets our ,cali=nia citiz5s1 b q ne$lessly1 9 fact1 because ( t conv5tion = x promises no support to ,japan 9 ! ev5t ( ! latt] be+ ! aggressor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,riv] ,,village ,,9 ,,*iriqui ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,pe>l ,,isl& ,,village ,,( ,,saboga ,any =mal conv5tion1 h[ev]1 any int]national agreem5t = ! control ( ! ,pacific :i* %\ld leave ,g]many out1 w\ld be an inc5tive to tr\ble r ?an a bright h>b+] ( peace4 ,= no nation is mak+ m active & intellig5t prep>ations to reap to ! fulle/ ! advantages ( ! ,canal ?an are ! ,g]mans4 ,_! nation's great int]e/s 9 ,brazil1 ,arg5t9e1 & ,*ile1 h] coloniz+ activities 9 ,asia1 h] ,*9ese port ( ,kiau-,*\1 =cibly wre/$ f ,*9a1 all impel h] to take a lively int]e/ 9 ! ,canal & ! ,pacific4 ,! ,kais] w\ld n look ) any placid indiff]5ce ^u su* an ,anglo-,am]ican agreem5t z has be5 urg$1 & z its ends c be1 & probably w be atta9$ )\t =mal pron\ncem5t1 any op5 diplomatic negotiations = su* a conv5tion w\ld probably be unwise4 ,en\gh to say t :ile speculation conc]n+ su* an agreem5t is q g5]al among publici/s today1 no discussion ( x has yet engag$ ! att5tion ( any /atesm54 ,aft] consid]+ ! problem ( :at ! ,canal w be wor?1 let u rev]se ! ord9>y process & figure out :at x w co/4 ,exact /atem5t is /ill impossible1 = z ?is book is be+ pr9t$ ! ,canal is mon?s away f be+ usable & probably two ye>s %ort ( completion if we reckon t]m9als & =tifications z "p ( ! complet$ "w4 ,9 an e>li] *apt] ,i h set =? "s ( ! e/imates ( its co/ f ! figure ( #aca1jjj1jjj set by ! volatile ,de ,lesseps to ! #cge1jjj1jjj ( ! bett] in=m$ & m judici\s ,goe?als4 ,9 ,june1 #aiac1 h[ev]1 we _h at h& ! (ficial report ( all exp5ditures to ,m>*1 #aiac1 duly classifi$ z foll[s3 ,,classifi$ ,,exp5ditures--,,i/hmian ,,canal ,,commission ,a /atem5t ( classifi$ exp5ditures ( ! ,i/hmian ,canal ,commission to ,m>* #ca1 #aiac1 foll[s3 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,dep>tm5t ,dep>tm5t ,dep>tm5t ,p]iods ( ,civil ( ( ,adm9i/ration ,law ,sanitation ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,total to ,june #cj1 #aiji #c1dbg1jij4bi #i1fgc1eci4bh ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiaj #gji1cea4cg #a1hjc1jdj4ie ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiaa #gee1jgi4dd #a1gag1gib4fb ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiab #hbj1cih4eg #bd1gbi4af #a1fbj1cia4ab ,july1 #aiab #fc1iac4ab #a1ddh4ec #abc1hjc4fd ,augu/1 #aiab #fb1ahb4ea #a1dfh4bf #abc1aed4dh ,septemb]1 #aiab #ei1bja4ja #a1bjg4hb #abj1che4gj ,octob]1 #aiab #fd1chc4cg #b1jcc4ge #acg1egd4fa ,novemb]1 #aiab #fb1bjj4ab #a1hib4ad #aai1jca4ff ,decemb]1 #aiab #eh1ihg4if #a1dfb4ah #aae1hai4bf ,janu>y1 #aiac #eg1fii4eh #a1dfi4ei #aad1efb4jd ,febru>y1 #aiac #ef1ehf4jf #a1fdi4jj #abg1cbd4hj ,m>*1 #aiac #eh1gfa4jc #a1hii4bb #aje1hia4jh -------------------------------------- ,gr& total #f1bee1hcd4dcci1bei4feae1ijb1caa4bd ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,dep>tm5t ( ,p]iods ,con/ruction ,g5]al ,items & ,eng9e]+ ---------------------------------------- -------------- ,total to ,june #cj1 #aiji #fi1fbb1efa4dbgh1jbb1fjf4aj ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiaj #bf1cjj1afg4je #b1hfc1jhh4hc ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiaa #bg1dgg1ggf4ai #c1jig1iei4gb ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiab #bh1hig1gch4aj #b1hai1ibf4ec ,july1 #aiab #b1fdi1bdf4fa #bjj1igj4ee ,augu/1 #aiab #b1eci1fhj4hc ,a#ih1jed4fa ,septemb]1 #aiab #b1bhe1igi4hi #gg1jjc4ec ,octob]1 #aiab #b1dgc1bhj4gf #hc1ebc4cj ,novemb]1 #aiab #b1dbj1jhe4gg #ge1ggi4ja ,decemb]1 #aiab #b1hga1igg4jc #abj1idf4fa ,janu>y1 #aiac #b1hbe1hgb4jf #f1dfc4gb ,febru>y1 #aiac #c1ghd1cgj4ea #abc1jcd4ab ,m>*1 #aiac #b1gab1bah4aj #g1gjf4gj ------------------------------ ,gr& total #agf1hfj1ied4cbhg1che1edj4ga ---------------------------------------- -------------- ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,p]iods ,=tifications ,total ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,total to ,june #cj1 #aiji #afj1gde1gig4ji ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiaj #ca1fge1fdh4bj ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiaa #cc1jdh1fjg4ig ,total--,fiscal ,ye>1 #aiab #a1bab1hha4ff #ce1cif1jfe4ad ,july1 #aiab #ajd1abf4ib #c1adc1eji4cg ,augu/1 #aiab #aaa1djb4ee #b1gci1hcd4jb ,septemb]1 #aiab #abg1afh4be #b1fgj1idf4bj ,octob]1 #aiab #abi1gcf4cg #b1hij1ecb4af ,novemb]1 #aiab #cjj1jaf4cc #b1igi1jje4jc ,decemb]1 #aiab #aah1aeb4eg #c1bhg1cde4fa ,janu>y1 #aiac #aai1bgb4gg #c1abe1cci4gf ,febru>y1 #aiac #cad1iid4if #d1djg1iei4de ,m>*1 #aiac #aca1idj4ge #c1jjc1jjc4dh ----------------------------- ,gr& total #b1ffi1fic4ac #bhi1aac1eic4dh ---------------------------------------- ------------- ,a ,d5otes cr$it4 ,x w be obs]v$ t s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! fiscal ye> #aiac1 exp5ditures h av]ag$ a trifle ov] #c1jjj1jjj a mon?4 ,?is rate ( exp5diture may be expect$ to decrease some:at dur+ ! eighte5 mon?s likely to elapse be=e ! ,canal1 t]m9als & =ts are complet$4 ,probably if we all[ #bej1jjj a mon? = ?is decrease we w be ne> ! m>k mak+ ! future exp5ditures av]age #b1gej1jjj mon?ly until ,janu>y1 #aiae1 mak+ 9 all #eg1gej1jjj4 ,add+ ?is to ! ,commission exp5ditures up to ,m>* #ca1 #aiac1 & add+ fur!r ! #ej1jjj1jjj paid to ! ,fr5* /ockhold]s & ! ,republic ( ,panama we rea* ! sum ( #cif1hfc1eic--;a reasonable e/imate ( ! f9al co/ ( ! great _w ent]prise2 ! measure 9 doll>s & c5ts ( ! greate/ gift ev] made by a s+le nation to ! _w4 ,x is wor? not+ t all ?is colossal exp5diture ( money has be5 made )\t any evid5ce ( graft1 & practically )\t *>ge ( t all-p]vad+ cank] 9 ,am]ican public "w4 ,dur+ a long /ay on ! ,i/hmus1 associat+ con/antly ) m5 9 e grade ( ! ,commission's s]vice1 ,i nev] he>d a def9ite *>ge ( illegal pr(its be+ tak5 by anyone conc]n$ 9 ! "w4 ,9 c]ta9 publications deal+ ) ! und]tak+ 9 its e>li] days "o w f9d ass]tions ( und]h&$ collusion ) contractors & ( (ficial raids ^u ! m select importations ( ! ,commiss>y )\t due paym5t !re=e4 ,b ev5 ^! *>ges 7 vague1 re/+ only on he>say1 & _h to d ) an adm9i/ration :i* vani%$ six or m ye>s ago4 ,today t *ronic libel] 8! man 9 ! /reet0 has no?+ to say ab\t graft 9 connection ) ,canal contracts1 & 8common notoriety01 :i* usually upholds all sorts ( sc&al\s imputations1 & is cit$ to ma9ta9 v>i\s vague allegations1 is decid$ly on ! side ( (ficial integrity at ,panama4 ,?is is n to say t ! "w has be5 conduct$ ) an eye s+le to economy4 ,x has n4 ,t is to say x has n be5 conduct$ 9 accordance ) ! common idea ( economy4 ,all ov] ! l& contractors1 appreh5sive ( ! effect ( ! ,panama example ( gov]nm5t effici5cy 9 public "w1 are tell+ h[ mu* m *eaply !y c\ld h dug ! ,panama ,canal4 ,probably !y c\ld if !y c\ld h dug x at all4 ,b ! sort ( economy !y are talk+ ab\t 0 def9itely ab&on$ :5 ,col4 ,gorgas conv9c$ ! ,commission t x 0 reckless extravagance to save #ej1jjj or s on wire scre5s & lose =ty or fifty lives 9 a yell[-fev] epidemic4 ,! contractor's idea ( economy 0 emphatically set aside :5 ,col4 ,goe?als det]m9$ t x 0 *eap] to pay eng9e]s "o-?ird m ?an ! curr5t rate at home1 & make su* arrangem5ts = _! com=t on ! ,zone t !y w\ld /ay on ! job1 r ?an to pay ord9>y prices & h !m leave 9 ha/e aft] a mon? or two ( dissatisfi$ & half-he>t$ "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,! ,,tug ,,bohio ,,) ,,b>ges ,,9 ,,middle ,,gatun ,,lock ,f :i* x appe>s t a new def9ition ( 8economy0 is ne$$ 9 ! application ( ! ^w to ! ,canal "w4 ,:atev] may be ! influ5ce ( ! ,canal on ! position ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a _w p[]1 its influ5ce on ! indu/rial life at home is likely to be all p]vasive & revolution>y4 ,! gov]nm5t is ! l>ge/ employ] ( labor 9 ! l&4 ,x ought to be ! be/ employ]4 ,on ! ,zone x has be5 ! be/ employ]1 & has secur$ ! be/ results4 ,:5 gov]nm5t "w is to be done h]eaft] x w n be let out to private contractors )\t hesitation & discussion4 ,a consid]ation ( ! results obta9$ by ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york 9 its late/ exp5diture1 by ! me?ods ( private contract1 ( ! ,erie ,canal appropriation ( #aja1jjj1jjj1 w g f> to %[ ! sup]iority ( ! ,panama sy/em4 ,9 a rec5t int]view ! ,secret>y ( ! ,navy1 ,josephus ,daniels1 decl>$ x to be ! policy ( ! ,dep>tm5t to build battle%ips 9 navy y>ds s f> z possible--a policy :i* ! %ipbuild+ int]e/s h /eadily resi/$ 9 ! pa/4 ,x is n too mu* to inf] t ! success ( ! army 9 digg+ a canal enc\rag$ ! ,secret>y to %[ :at ! navy c\ld d 9 build+ its own %ips4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,look+ ,,d[n ,,canal ,,f ,,miraflores ,,lock ,,to ,,! ,,pacific ,if ! sy/em & conditions ( employm5t t h exi/$ 9 ,panama c\ld be appli$ to public s]vice 9 all o!r p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! condition ( all labor1 all indu/ry1 all pr(essional s]vice w\ld be correspond+ly improv$4 ,= ) ! mo/ ext5sive employ] sett+ ! pace all o!rs w\ld h to keep /ep ) x4 ,:5 ! long acc\nt comes to be balanc$ we may f9d t ! ,unit$ ,/ates w owe q z mu* to ! ,panama ent]prise on ! moral z on ! mat]ial side4 ,( c\rse x is go+ to increase our trade bo? =eign & dome/ic--t1 z ! ,fr5* say1 goes )\t say+4 ,x w *eap5 ! co/ ( build+ cottages 9 ,new ,york suburbs1 because lumb] w be br\ght f ! =e/s ( ,oregon & ,wa%+ton = half ! freight co/ n[ exact$4 ,x w /imulate e manufactur+ int]e/ on ! ,pacific coa/ = coal f ,we/ ,virg9ia w be laid d[n !re at doll>s p] ton less ?an n[4 ,! m5 :o cat* & c salmon 9 ! ru%+ wat]s ( ! ,columbia1 ! m5 :o raise & pack ! lusci\s oranges ( s\!rn ,cali=nia w h a new & *eap] way ( c>ry+ _! products to ! eag] m>kets ( ! great cities along ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,at ! same "t ! output ( our ea/]n /eel mills & ,new ,engl& cotton & wool5 factories w f9d a m exp$iti\s & *eap] r\te to ! build]s & work]s ( ! ,pacific coa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,culebra ,,cut ,,p>tially ,,fill$ ,,) ,,wat] ,incid5tally ! labors ( ! ,int]/ate ,comm]ce ,commission are likely to be multipli$ almo/ incalculably4 ,= x mu/ be accept$ z a fact t free competition is no long] a complete regulator ( freight rates :e!r by rail or by wat]4 ,any "o c *>t] a %ip & s5d x ?r\gh ! ,canal ) ! same rights & privileges t a long e/abli%$ l9e w enjoy4 ,b n e indep5d5t %ip c f9d dockage facilities at bo? ends ( its voyage1 al?\gh x is true t ! ent]pris+ cities ( ! ,pacific coa/ are w>d+ (f monopoly by build+ municipal docks4 ,moreov]1 ! own] ( ! indep5d5t %ip w h 8 tr\bles 9 gett+ ! railroads at ei!r end to h&le 8 c>goes & di/ribute !m at su* *>ges z w leave him any pr(it4 ,inde$ ! indep5d5t %ip w be b little ( a factor 9 fix+ rates4 ,t w be done by ! regul> l9es4 ,normally !re %\ld be ke5 competition betwe5 ! railroads & ! /eam%ips ) a v m>k$ drop 9 rates4 ,b x w n be well to base too great hopes on ?is possibility4 ,transportation rates1 ev5 :]e !re is nom9ally free competition1 are n (t5 bas$ :olly on ! co/ ( ! s]vice4 ,:at ! traffic w be> is m (t5 ! *ief factor 9 rate mak+4 ,because %ips c c>ry freight f ,new ,york to ,san ,francisco = ?ree doll>s a traffic-ton less ?an ! railroads does n imply t !y w d s4 ,nor does x ensure t railroad rates w drop spasmodically 9 a va9 ef=t to keep all ! bus9ess away f ! %ips4 ,r is x probable t c]ta9 classes ( freight l lumb]1 coal & ore w be left :olly to ! %ips1 & "s =m ( agreem5t z to ! ess5tials ( ! g5]al rate c>d w be arriv$ at4 ,x is ?is agreem5t1 :i* 9 "s =m or o!r is sure to come1 t w engage ! att5tion ( ! ,int]/ate ,comm]ce ,commission1 ar\se its ceaseless vigilance & probably necessitate a mat]ial ext5sion ( its au?ority4 ,9 o!r ?an mat]ial ways ! nation w l>gely pr(it4 ,i ?9k t ! fact ( ! ,canal's hav+ be5 built by army eng9e]s w g f> t[>d correct+ a c]ta9 ho/ility t[>d ! army :i* is common 9 ,am]ican ?\ght4 ,! ,canal proves t ! organization ( ! army1 ! education ( its (fic]s1 is wor? some?+ 9 peace z well z 9 w>4 ,( c\rse ?is has be5 %[n be=e 9 c\ntless public works scatt]$ ov] ! l&1 b nev] hi!rto 9 a fa%ion to comm& su* att5tion & to compel su* plaudits4 ,!re 7 five ,colonels1 besides 8,! ,colonel10 on ! ,commission :i* put ! big job ?r\gh1 & ,i d n believe t ! mo/ %r9k+ civilian :o visit$ ! ,i/hmus on ei!r bus9ess or pleasure f\nd any gr\nd to compla9 ( milit>ism1 or 0 ov]aw$ by any display ( 8fuss & fea!rs40 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,float+ ,,isl&s ,,9 ,,gatun ,,lock ,,entrance ,^! isl&s1 =m$ ( aquatic plants ) entw9$ roots & a little soil1 mu/ be t[$ away by tugs & s5t ov] ! spillway le/ !y block navigation4 ,! ,canal ,zone 01 ( c\rse1 a rural community h>bor+ ab\t #fe1jjj p scatt]$ along a railroad #dg miles long4 ,yet 9 ! /ory ( its gov]nm5t !re is mu* t is in/ructive to ! rul]s ( our ,am]ican cities4 ,e head ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,sanitation 9 an ,am]ican city w\ld pr(it by a /udy ( ,col4 ,gorgas's me?ods 9 deal+ ) ! problems ( dirt1 sewage1 & infection4 ,inde$ _m ( ! ideas he develop$ are already be+ adapt$ to ! ne$s ( ,nor? ,am]ican municipalities4 ,x is becom+ q evid5t t ! sci5tific me?od ( controll+ insect pe/s by de/roy+ _! bre$+ places is ! only effici5t "o4 ,! l>vacide man 9 ! wa/e places1 or ! cov]$ g>bage c1 & scre5$ /able are n z melodramatic z newspap] %rieks ( 8,swat ! ,fly01 b !y accompli% m 9 ! end4 ,! managem5t ( ! ,panama ,railroad by & = ! gov]nm5t af=ds an object lesson t w be cit$ :5 we come to op5 ,alaska4 ,?\gh ov]-capitaliz$ 9 ! "t ( its private own]%ip & op]ation ! railroad "u ! direction ( ,col4 ,goe?als has paid a sub/antial pr(it4 ,?\gh ru%$ ) ! "w incid5t to ! ,canal con/ruction x has successfully dealt ) its comm]cial bus9ess1 & has (f]$ 9 _m ways a true example ( successful railway managem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,boat ,,?r\gh4 ,i4 ,! commission tug ,gatun1 ) memb]s ( ! commission abo>d1 is approa*+ ! l[] ,gatun lock f ! ,atlantic end ( ! ,canal4 ,! two pairs ( gates are op5+ = h] admission4 ,b to my m9d m important ?an any o!r outcome ( ! ,canal "w1 is its complete demon/ration ( ! ability ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to d its own "w = its own p1 effici5tly1 successfully & hone/ly4 ,t is an exhibit t w n d[n4 ,! exp5diture ( fully #cge1jjj1jjj ) no p]ceptible ta9t ( graft is a victory 9 itself4 ,!re are exce$+ly few ( our great railroad corporations t c %[ z clean a record1 & ! fact some:at depreciates ! ho/ility ( "s ( _! heads to ! ext5sion into _! doma9 ( ! activities ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,9 urg+ ?is po9t no "o c be bl9d to ! fact t ! ,zone 0 gov]n$ & ! ,canal "w direct$ by an autocrat4 ,b ! autocrat 0 directly subject to ,congress & _h to come to t body annually = 8 supplies ( money4 ,x 0 dug by ! army1 b no "o n[ d\bts t ! navy c\ld h done z well1 & few w "q t1 ) ! ,panama exp]i5ce z a guide1 a mix$ commission ( civilians & milit>y & naval (fic]s c\ld effici5tly direct any public "w ! nation might und]take4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,flag ,,9 ,,two ,,oceans4 ,! ,oregon /eam$ #aj1jjj miles 9 #ahih to c>ry ! flag f ! ,pacific to ! !at] ( w> 9 ! ,atlantic4 ,t5 h\rs ( /eam+ ?r\gh #ej miles ( canal w h5ce=? make our fleet available 9 ei!r ocean4 ,s ) ! ,panama ,canal approa*+ completion we c see t its effects are to be manifold--dome/ic z well z =eign1 moral z well z mat]ial1 political z well z economic4 ,if x be prop]ly conduct$ 9 its complet$ /ate1 manag$ & direct$ ^u ! broad pr9ciple t1 ?\gh paid = :olly by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 x is to exi/ = ! g5]al good ( all mank9d1 x %\ld be1 9 ! ages to come1 ! greate/ glory atta*$ to ! ,am]ican flag4 ,9 aboli%+ human slav]y we only foll[$ la/ 9 ! tra9 ( all civiliz$ nations4 ,b 9 te>+ away ! mo/ difficult b>ri] t nature has plac$ 9 ! way ( _w-wide trade1 acqua9tance1 fri5d%ip & peace1 we h done a s]vice to ! cause ( univ]sal progress & civilization ! wor? ( :i* ! passage ( "t w nev] dim4 99 99 99 99 99 ,e>ly 9 ! aft]noon ( ,octob] #aj1 #aiac1 ,presid5t ,wilson1 /&+ 9 ! executive (fices ( ! ,:ite ,h\se1 press$ a telegraph]'s key4 ,/raightway a sp>k sp$ along ! wires to ,galve/on1 ,tex41 !nce by cable to ! ,canal ,zone &1 9 an in/ant1 ) a ro> & a quak+ ( ! e>? a section ( ! ,gamboa ,dyke1 :i* f ! beg9n+ has b>r$ ! wat]s ( ,gatun ,lake f ! ,culebra ,cut1 0 bl[n away4 ,! wat] gu%$ ?r\gh1 ?\gh n 9 su* a torr5t z sightse]s _h hop$ =1 s9ce pumps1 />t$ on ,oct4 #a/1 _h already fill$ ! cut to )9 six feet ( ! level ( ! lake4 ,b pres5tly !reaft] a native cayuca1 & !n a few light p[] boats sp$ ?r\gh ! n>r[ op5+1 & !re rema9$ no ob/acle to ! passage ( ! canal by su* light craft f ocean to ocean4 ,by ! de/ruction ( ! ,gamboa ,dyke on ! date fix$ ,colonel ,goe?als c>ri$ out a promise he _h made long be=e to himself & to ! p4 ,x 0 on ! #aj? ( ,octob]1 #aeac1 t ,balboa /rode ?igh-deep into ! ,pacific ,ocean1 &1 rais+ on high ! /&>d ( ,spa91 claim$ t sea & all c\ntries abutt+ ^u x = 8 sov]eign4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates j f\r c5turies lat] celebrat$ "o ( ! f9al /eps 9 op5+ to ! comm]ce ( all ! _w ! wat]-way betwe5 ! oceans4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,! ,,cont95t',s ,,backbone ,,brok5 ,! bla/ t de/roy$ ,gamboa ,dyke complet$ wat] connection betwe5 ! ,atlantic & ,pacific4 ,! demolition ( ,gamboa ,dyke 0 ! culm9ation ( a s]ies ( /eps =w>d t[>d ! completion ( ! canal dur+ ! fir/ week 9 ,octob]4 ,on ! #bf? ( ,septemb] ! fir/ vessel 0 rais$ f ! ,atlantic level ?r\gh ! ?ree /eps ( ! ,gatun locks to ,gatun ,lake4 ,!re 0 no p>ticul> pomp or c]emony obs]v$4 ,! craft 0 m]ely an humble tug employ$ regul>ly 9 canal "w4 ,inde$ x is said t x 0 n at 8! colonel's0 initiative t ! c]emony ( hav+ ,gamboa ,dyke bl[n up by wire f ! ,:ite ,h\se 0 obs]v$4 ,t quiet b effici5t army eng9e] signaliz$ 8 s]vice on ! canal r by do+ ?+s ?an by celebrat+ !m :5 done4 ,f ! ,pacific end ! fir/ lockage 0 effect$ on ,octob] #ad1 :5 ! tug ,miraflores ) two b>ges 0 put ?r\gh ! ,miraflores locks1 & float$ on ,lake ,miraflores4 ,! locks at ,p$ro ,miguel 7 9 condition to elevate ! boats to ! level ( ,culebra ,cut1 b !re 0 n at he mom5t en\gh wat] 9 ! cut to receive & float !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,und]wood ,und]wood4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,boat ,,?r\gh4 ,,ii4 ,! ,gatun is 9 ! lock1 b ! gates are n yet clos$4 ,!y c be se5 fold$ flu% ) ! wall4 ,:5 clos$ wat] w be admitt$ f ! sides & bottom ( ! lock1 rais+ ! boat #bh feet to ! next lock4 ,n long be=e ! fir/ lockages to ! level ( ,gatun ,lake !re occurr$ v great activity ( ! ,cuc>a*a slide1 fill+ ! canal b$ f side to side4 ,z a result no actual passage ( ! entire canal 0 !n possible = boats ( comm]cial size4 ,! mat]ial ?us block+ ! cut is ma9ly s(t e>?1 & suction dr$ges 7 spe$ily in/all$ by :i* x 0 pump$ out & deposit$ beh9d ! hills bord]+ ! canal & ne>ly two miles away4 ,:5 ! ,gamboa ,dyke 0 bl[n away ! villages on ! s\? side ( ! canal became :olly inaccessible4 ,culebra1 ,mata*91 ,empire1 ,gorgona1--all /irr+ t[ns dur+ ! busy days ( canal con/ruction1--c\ld no long] be rea*$ by railroad1 & _! ab&onm5t1 det]m9$ ^u long be=e1 became f9al4 ,! h\ses :i* _h be5 ! admiration ( all visitors to ! ,zone 7 tak5 d[n 9 sections & remov$ to sites ( ! new t[ns :i* ! commission int5ds %all be p]man5t4 ,culebra la/$ longe/1 z x c\ld /ill be rea*$ by %uttle tra9s cross+ ! canal on a prec>i\s bridge ne> ! ,p$ro ,miguel locks2 b x 9 ! end vani%$ ) ! re/4 ,!re rema9 no epo*-mak+ ev5ts to be celebrat$ 9 ! progress ( ! canal to completion4 ,z ! dr$ges make fur!r inroads ^u ! ,cuc>a*a slide1 l>g] & l>g] vessels w pass ?r\gh1 )\t c]emony1 until ! canal is op5 to all4 ,! f9al celebration1 ,janu>y #a1 #aiae1 w n prec$e b foll[ long aft] ! actual employm5t ( ! canal by ! comm]ce ( all nations4 ,li/ ( ,syndicate ,publications ,,at ,,special ,,newspap] ,,prices ,= ! pa/ few ye>s lead+ newspap]s ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry h di/ribut$ to _! read]s millions ^u millions ( educational works issu$ by ! ,syndicate ,publi%+ ,co4 ,su* an enorm\s output has call$ = facilities :i* enable ?is company to produce high-grade publications at less ?an ! usual co/ ( pap] & b9d+4 ,?is great und]tak+ c\ld n be accompli%$ )\t ! co-op]ation ( ! lead+ daily pap]s 9 bo? ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 & to ^! ent]pris+ newspap]s all cr$it is due4 ,,! ,,books ,,li/$ ,,h]e9 ,,are ,,n ,,sold ,,at ,,/ores ,g5u9e ,limp ,lea!r ,diction>y ,,! #d4jj ,,new ,,mod]n ,,engli% ,,diction>y ,,illu/rat$ ,x is ! only entirely new compilation by ! _w's greate/ au?orities f lead+ univ]sities2 is b\nd 9 full ,limp ,lea!r1 flexible1 /amp$ 9 gold on back & sides1 pr9t$ on ,bible pap]1 ) r$ edges & corn]s r\nd$2 beautiful1 /rong1 durable4 ,besides ! g5]al cont5ts1 !re are maps & ov] #fjj subjects beautifully illu/rat$ by ?ree-color plates1 num]\s subjects by monotones1 #af pages ( educational *>ts & ! late/ ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus4 ,s5t prepaid = #a4bj4 99,newspap] ,head+ mu/ accompany ea* ord]4 ,see bottom ( next page4 ,! ,la/ ,^w 9 ,diction>ies ,conta9s ,,all ,,! ,,new ,,words z well z ,simplifi$ ,spell+1 ,synonyms & ,antonyms1 ,=eign ,words & ,phrases1 ,prov]bs & ,quotations1 ,language ( ,fl[]s1 ,language ( ,gems1 ,/ates & ,_! ,orig91 ,comm]cial & ,legal ,t]ms1 ,automobile ,t]ms1 ,aviation ,t]ms1 ,prose & ,poetry ,*>act]s1 ,_w's ,greate/ ,battles & _m subjects ( equal importance to ev]ybody4 ,illu/ration3 ,flexible z a ,bible #acjj ,pages ,r$uc$ ,facsimile ( #d4jj ,volume ,actual size #gx#e in*es ,our ,gu>antee4 ,we positively gu>antee to promptly refund ! am\nts s5t to u by anybody :o f9ds aft] receiv+ any ( ! books li/$ on ^! pages t !y are n entirely satisfactory & exactly z repres5t$ 9 e respect4 ,syndicate ,publi%+ ,co41 ,new ,york4 ,mod]n ,"o ,volume ,cyclop$ia ,a ,million ,facts--#cj1jjj ,topics ,x is complete--! "o book t w be ref]r$ to daily4 ,x is a home book1 a s*ool book--in/ructive & int]e/+ to ! "y z well z ! old4 ,! #d ,g5u9e ,lea!r ,volume ,limp b\nd & /amp$ 9 gold2 compil$ by ! greate/ au?orities f =emo/ univ]sities2 conta9s ! late/ & la/ ^w on ,electricity1 ,a]onautics1 ,*emi/ry1 ,physiology1 ,biology1 & all ,arts & ,sci5ces1 z well z ,hi/orical & ,geographical k4 ,an entirely new compilation1 br\ght d[n to ! pres5t date1 pr9t$ f new type1 l>ge & cle>2 illu/rat$ ) color plates & monotones2 complete1 mod]n1 au!ntic & accurate4 ,s5t prepaid = #a4bj4 99,newspap] ,head+ mu/ accompany ea* ord]4 ,see bottom ( next page4 ,a diction>y is an alphabetical li/ ( words def9$2 an encyclop$ia is an alphabetical li/ ( ,,subjects def9$ 7a subject is always a ^w1 b a ^w is n always a subject71 ea* 9 its way a necessity4 ,?is #d ,book ( ,facts is ! complete cond5s$ encyclop$ic k ( ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,limp ,lea!r #abjj ,pages ,exactly ! same size & /yle z ! diction>y illu/rat$ above ,! above two books con/itute a mo/ satisfy+ ,work]'s ,libr>y suitable to all classes4 ,! ,new ,illum9at$ #e ,bible ,,illum9ate--,to ?r[ light ^u2 make pla92 elucidate4 ,! ,illu/rations 9 ?is ,bible 8?r[ light ^u0 ! text4 ,illu/ration ,books may be embelli%$ )\t be+ actually illu/rat$4 ,o!r ,bibles conta9 pictures1 b none ( ^! illu/rate ! text4 ,9 fact1 o!r ,bibles are m]ely embelli%$1 :]eas ?is ,bible is actually illu/rat$ ) m ?an #fjj reproductions ( pa9t+s by ! _w's greate/ arti/s4 ,h5ce praise ( ?is wond]ful ,bible is n meant to depreciate ! value ( o!r ,bibles4 ,comp>ison is n possible = ! reason t ?is ,illu/rat$ ,bible /&s alone4 ,!re is no o!r ( its k9d4 ,9 addition to ^! text illu/rations !re are num]\s full-page plates ( ! _w-fam$ ,tissot collection reproduc$ 9 color4 ,^! magnific5t color$ engrav+s are also c>efully ins]t$ :]e !y w fur!r elucidate ! text1 & x c tru?fully be /at$ t nev] be=e h illu/rations s vividly portray$ _! subjects & embodi$ 9 !m ! _s ( liv+ reality4 ,,! #e ,,edition 7,div9ity ,circuit7 ,x is b\nd 9 full flexible limp lea!r1 ) ov]lapp+ cov]s & title /amp$ 9 gold4 ,! text con=ms to ! au?oriz$ v]sion1 is self-pron\nc+1 ) copi\s m>g9al ref]5ces1 maps & helps2 pr9t$ on ?9 bible pap]1 flat op5+ at all pages2 beautiful1 readable type4 ,s5t ,prepaid = #a4dj4 ,specify ,prote/ant or ,ca?olic4 99,newspap] ,head+ ,mu/ ,accompany ,ea* ,ord]4 ,also an ,edition = ,ca?olics ,?r\gh an exclusive arrangem5t1 we h be5 mo/ =tunate 9 secur+ ! ,ca?olic ,bible1 ,d\ay ,v]sion1 endors$ by ,c>d9al ,gibbons & ,ar*bi%op 7n[ ,c>d9al7 ,f>ley1 z well z by ! v>i\s ar*bi%ops ( ! c\ntry4 ,! illu/rations consi/ ( ! full-page engrav+s approv$ by ! ,*ur*1 )\t ! ,tissot & text pictures4 ,same price z ,prote/ant ,edition4 ,:e!r "o belongs to *ur* or n1 ! ,bible %\ld be read z a "p ( "o's education4 ,9 ?is ,illu/rat$ ,bible ! 8eye-tea*+0 pictures make pla9 ! passages :i* !y accompany1 appeal+ to ! "y1 z well z to ! old4 ,= pres5tation purposes ?is ,illu/rat$ ,bible has no equal--to ! fri5d1 ! son or daught]1 ! p>5t1 ! pa/or or tea*]4 ,su* a gift w be appreciat$ by "o & all4 ,! ,only ,text ,illu/rat$ ,bible ,publi%$ ,a ,few ( ! ,_m ,reasons ,:y ,ev]ybody's ,cyclop$ia ,is ! ,mo/ ,desirable & ,usable ,ref]5ce ,"w ,publi%$ ,conv5i5t size--tak+ up "o-t5? ! space ( ! cumb]some & exp5sive sets sold on ! in/allm5t plan4 ,utility--cond5s$ into five h&y volumes s t ! desir$ subject is f\nd 9 an in/ant4 ,bread? & scope--cov]+ all ! ess5tial topics to be f\nd 9 any ( ! l>g] sets4 ,:olly mod]n--br\ght d[n to ! pres5t date1 treat+ curr5t hi/ory up to ! late/ mom5t ( go+ to press4 ,important ev5ts 9 ! lives ( all great m51 bo? liv+ & dead1 are accurately record$ 9 its pages4 ,anci5t z well z mod]n ev5ts are treat$ accord+ to _! value1 )\t p>tiality or bias4 ,! results ( ! mo/ rec5t rese>* 9 sci5ce & inv5tion are ably h&l$ by speciali/s4 ,volume ,v conta9s color$ *>ts ( univ]sal hi/ory %[+ ! _w's mo/ important ev5ts1 foll[$ by *ronological tables br\ght d[n to ! v pres5t4 ,also 9 ?is la/ volume w be f\nd a complete libr>y ( educational data1 includ+ all topics ( live int]e/1 & end+ ) ! late/ c5sus4 ,magnific5t color plates1 engrav$ f orig9al pa9t+s by ! _w's greate/ arti/s1 ab\nd ?r\gh\t ! "w4 ,text illu/rations & beautiful monotones by exp]t photograph]s depict mod]n inv5tions & picture ! progress ( ! entire e>?4 ,educational *>ts1 compil$ by gov]nm5t (ficials at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 %[ ! agricultural advancem5t ( our great c\ntry4 ,?is ,set ,sells ,regul>ly = #ab4jj4 ,illu/ration ,e volume is fill$ ) useful in=mation ( int]e/ to e man & woman & ( r>e educational value to *ildr5 ( s*ool age4 ,complete #e ,volumes1 ,s5t ,prepaid1 = #b4ih 99,newspap] ,head+ ,mu/ ,accompany ,ea* ,ord] 99,enclose ) ea* ord] ,,"o ,,head+ clipp$ f ! fir/ page ( ! newspap] f :i* y pur*as$ 8,panama & ,! ,canal02 ?is w entitle y to ! special newspap] prices above quot$ ,,all ,,ord]s ,,%\ld ,,be ,,mail$ ,,to ,,! ,,syndicate ,,publi%+ ,,company #i & #aa ,ea/ #cg? ,/reet ,,new ,,york ,,city ,remit by ,express or ,po/(fice ,money ,ord] or ,new ,york ,draft ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,inconsi/5t spell+1 hyph5ation1 etc4 has be5 reta9$1 includ+ ^? ( prop] & geographic names1 except z m5tion$ bel[ 7,p5onome & v>iants1 ,cocl _/ ,cocle1 ,nunez _/ ,nuez1 mosquitos _/ mosquitoes1 ,sambu _/ ,sanbu1 avocada _/ avocado1 etc47 ,! 7m9or7 diff]5ces 9 word+ betwe5 ! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations & ! illu/ration captions h n be5 rectifi$1 b ! li/ has be5 correct$ to correspond ) ! book 7see "u ,*anges bel[74 ,dep5d+ on ! h>d- & s(tw>e us$ & _! sett+s1 n all elem5ts may display z int5d$4 ,adju/+ ! zoom factor may improve ! looks & legibility ( "s elem5ts 7illu/rations & tables 9 p>ticul>74 ,page #h1 indebt$ness or aid 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is book3 possibly an error = 444 = aid 4444 ,page #gc1 8sev]al ladies ( great quality 4443 ! clos+ quote m>k is miss+4 ,page #ahj1 /eel %ea?+3 z pr9t$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t4 ,page #bih1 ,!re=e a l>ge importation 444 s to speak3 "p ( ! s5t5ce appe>s to be miss+4 ,page #cgh1 9 respect ( ! conditions or *anges ( traffic3 z pr9t$ 9 ! s\rce docum5t4 ,! treaty itself reads 444 *>ges ( traffic 4444 ,page #chf1 a vessel f ,liv]pool to ,hamburg to ! ,panama ,canal3 possibly ?is %\ld read 444 f ,liv]pool or ,hamburg 4444 ,page #chh1 table3 ! data = #aibe d n add up to ! total giv54 ,*anges made ,"s obvi\s m9or typographical & punctuation errors & mispr9ts h be5 correct$ sil5tly4 ,illu/rations & tables h be5 mov$ out ( text p>agraphs4 ,"s tables h be5 re-arrang$ or split 9 ord] to fit ! available wid?4 ,illu/ration numb]s h be5 add$ to ! li/s ( illu/rations4 ,page #d1 ,entrance to ,b\quette ,valley3 page numb] #cej *ang$ to #cec1 & entry mov$ to appropriate place 9 li/4 ,entries #ehh & #ehi h be5 replac$ ) ! captions ( ! illu/rations z pres5t 9 ! s\rce docum5t4 ,! orig9al entries 7 z foll[s3 ,"o ,/ep ,upw>d f a ,palm-,?at*$ ,hut1 #dje2 ,bird's-,eye ,view ( ! ,panama ,canal1 #dje4 ,! la/ six entries h also be5 replac$ ) ! illu/ration captions z pres5t 9 ! s\rce docum5t4 ,! orig9al entries 7 z foll[s3 ,! ,brook at ,taboga1 #djh2 ,"o ( ! ,small] ,slides1 #djh2 ,giant ,/eam ,mix]s1 #dji2 ,ma*9]y ,wreck$ by a ,slide1 #daj2 ,! ,great ,falls ( ,*orr]a1 #daa2 ,a ,tw5tie? ,c5tury ,l9] ,lock+1 #dab4 ,page #cf3 ,goe?al's *ang$ to ,goe?als'4 ,page #dj3 ,,mangoes *ang$ to ,,mangroves 7also 9 ,li/ ( ,illu/rations74 ,page #db3 444 b\ght = a song ^? :o _h 444 *ang$ to 444 b\ght = a song4 ,^? :o _h 4444 ,page #ij3 ,camboa *ang$ to ,gamboa4 ,page #ajb3 ,goe?al's *ang$ to ,goe?als'4 ,page #afd3 caption ,,big ,,guns ,,= ,,canal ,,def5ce ins]t$4 ,page #agc3 ,illu/rations ,,ii & ,,iii h be5 plac$ 9 num]ical ord]2 ! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations has be5 adju/$ accord+ly4 ,page #aib3 espanol *ang$ to espaol4 ,page #bci3 our national capital *ang$ to our national capitol4 ,page #bhj3 ,:]e=e1 :y "w8 *ang$ to ,!re=e1 :y "w84 ,page #bhc3 ,a ,,=d ,,ne> ,,anton *ang$ to ,a ,,=d ,,ne> ,,ancon4 ,page #bia3 ,limon & ,bocos del ,toro *ang$ to ,limon & ,bocas del ,toro4 ,page #bib3 ,bocos del ,toro 7! ,m\?s ( ! ,bull7 *ang$ to ,bocas del ,toro 7! ,m\?s ( ! ,bull74 ,page #cjh3 ,,! ,,*ur* ,,at ,,anton *ang$ to ,,! ,,*ur* ,,at ,,ancon4 ,page #cae3 ,n>gana *ang$ to ,n>gan4 ,page #cah3 m5 l ,esquemel9 *ang$ to m5 l ,esquemel+4