,a ,,mod]n ,,utopia  ,,by ,h4 ,g4       
,,wells    ,a ,,note ,,to ,,! ,,read]   
,?is book is 9 all probability ! la/ ( a
 s]ies ( writ+s1 ( :i*--disreg>d+ c]ta9 
e>li] disconnect$ essays--my            
,anticipations 0 ! beg9n+4 ,orig9ally ,i
 int5d$ ,anticipations to be my sole    
digression f my art or trade 7or :at y  
w7 ( an imag9ative writ]4 ,i wrote t    
book 9 ord] to cle> up ! muddle 9 my own
 m9d ab\t innum]able social & political 
que/ions1 que/ions ,i c\ld n keep out ( 
my "w1 :i* x di/ress$ me to t\* ^u 9 a  
/upid haphaz>d way1 & :i* no "o1 s f> z 
,i knew1 _h h&l$ 9 a mann] to satisfy my
 ne$s4 ,b ,anticipations did n a*ieve   
its end4 ,i h a sl[ con/ructive hesitat+
 sort ( m9d1 & :5 ,i em]g$ f t und]tak+ 
,i f\nd ,i _h /ill mo/ ( my que/ions to 
/ate & solve4 ,9 ,mank9d 9 ! ,mak+1     
!re=e1 ,i tri$ to review ! social       
organisation 9 a diff]5t way1 to consid]
 x z an educational process in/ead (    
deal+ ) x z a ?+ ) a future hi/ory1 & if
 ,i made ?is second book ev5 less       

satisfactory f a lit]>y /&po9t ?an ! =m]
 7& ?is is my op9ion71 ,i blund]$1 ,i   
?9k1 m edify+ly--at lea/ f ! po9t ( view
 ( my own in/ruction4 ,i v5tur$ ^u      
sev]al !mes ) a great] frankness ?an ,i 
_h us$ 9 ,anticipations1 & came out ( t 
second ef=t guilty ( mu* ra% writ+1 b ) 
a consid]able developm5t ( =m$ op9ion4  
,9 _m matt]s ,i _h %ap$ out at la/ a    
c]ta9 p]sonal c]titude1 ^u :i* ,i feel  
,i %all g = ! re/ ( my days4 ,9 ?is     
pres5t book ,i h tri$ to settle acc\nts 
) a numb] ( issues left ov] or op5$ up  
by its two pr$ecessors1 to correct !m 9 
"s p>ticul>s1 & to give ! g5]al picture 
( a ,utopia t has gr[n up 9 my m9d dur+ 
! c\rse ( ^! speculations z a /ate (    
affairs at once possible & m desirable  
?an ! _w 9 :i* ,i live4 ,b ?is book has 
br\ght me back to imag9ative writ+ aga94
 ,9 its two pr$ecessors ! treatm5t (    
social organisation _h be5 purely       
objective2 "h my int5tion has be5 a     
little wid] & deep]1 9 t ,i h tri$ to   
pres5t n simply an ideal1 b an ideal 9  

reaction ) two p]sonalities4 ,moreov]1  
s9ce ?is may be ! la/ book ( ! k9d ,i   
%all ev] publi%1 ,i h writt5 into x z   
well z ,i c ! h]etical metaphysical     
scepticism ^u :i* all my ?9k+ re/s1 & ,i
 h ins]t$ c]ta9 sections reflect+ ^u !  
e/abli%$ me?ods ( sociological &        
economic sci5ce4444  ,! la/ f\r words w 
n attract ! butt]fly read]1 ,i "k4 ,i h 
done my be/ to make ! :ole ( ?is book z 
lucid & ent]ta9+ z its matt] p]mits1    
because ,i want x read by z _m p z      
possible1 b ,i d n promise any?+ b rage 
& confusion to him :o proposes to glance
 ?r\gh my pages j to see if ,i agree )  
him1 or to beg9 9 ! middle1 or to read  
)\t a con/antly al]t att5tion4 ,if y are
 n already a little int]e/$ & op5-m9d$ )
 reg>d to social & political que/ions1 &
 a little ex]cis$ 9 self-exam9ation1 y w
 f9d nei!r int]e/ nor pleasure "h4 ,if  
y\r m9d is made up ^u su* issues y\r "t 
w be wa/$ on ^! pages4 ,& ev5 if y are a
 will+ read] y may require a little     
pati5ce = ! peculi> me?od ,i h ?is "t   

adopt$4  ,t me?od assumes an air (      
haphaz>d1 b x is n s c>eless z x seems4 
,i believe x to be--ev5 n[ t ,i am ?r\gh
 ) ! book--! be/ way to a sort ( lucid  
vagu5ess :i* has always be5 my int5tion 
9 ?is matt]4 ,i tri$ ov] sev]al beg9n+s 
( a ,utopian book be=e ,i adopt$ ?is4 ,i
 reject$ f ! outset ! =m ( !            
argum5tative essay1 ! =m :i* appeals mo/
 readily to :at is call$ ! s]i\s read]1 
! read] :o is (t5 no m ?an ! solemnly   
impati5t p>asite ( great que/ions4 ,he  
likes ev]y?+ 9 h>d1 heavy l9es1 black & 
:ite1 yes & no1 because he does n und]/&
 h[ mu* !re is t _c be pres5t$ at all 9 
t way2 :]ev] !re is any effect (        
obliquity1 ( incomm5surables1 :]ev] !re 
is any levity or hum\r or difficulty (  
multiplex pres5tation1 he refuses       
att5tion4 ,m5tally he seems to be built 
up ^u an inv9cible assumption t ! ,_s ( 
,creation _c c\nt beyond two1 he deals  
only 9 alt]natives4 ,su* read]s ,i h    
resolv$ n to attempt to please "h4 ,ev5 
if ,i pres5t$ all my tri-cl9ic cry/als z

 sy/ems ( cubes----6 ,inde$ ,i felt x   
w\ld n be wor? do+4 ,b hav+ reject$ !   
s]i\s essay z a =m1 ,i 0 /ill greatly   
ex]cis$1 ,i sp5t "s vacillat+ mon?s1 ov]
 ! s*eme ( ?is book4 ,i tri$ fir/ a     
recognis$ me?od ( view+ que/ions f      
div]g5t po9ts t has always attract$ me &
 :i* ,i h nev] succe$$ 9 us+1 !         
discussion novel1 aft] ! fa%ion (       
,peacock's 7& ,mr4 ,mallock's7          
developm5t ( ! anci5t dialogue2 b ?is   
encumb]$ me ) unnecess>y *>act]s & !    
inevitable complication ( intrigue among
 !m1 & ,i ab&on$ x4 ,aft] t ,i tri$ to  
ca/ ! ?+ into a %ape resembl+ a little !
 d\ble p]sonality ( ,boswell's ,johnson1
 a sort ( int]play betwe5 monologue &   
comm5tator2 b t too1 al?\gh x got ne>]  
to ! quality ,i s\ght1 f9ally fail$4 ,!n
 ,i hesitat$ ov] :at "o might call h>d  
n>rative4 ,x w be evid5t to ! exp]i5c$  
read] t by omitt+ c]ta9 speculative &   
metaphysical elem5ts & by elaborat+     
incid5t1 ?is book might h be5 r$uc$ to a
 /raight=w>d /ory4 ,b ,i did n want to  

omit z mu* on ?is occasion4 ,i d n see  
:y ,i %\ld always p&] to ! vulg>        
appetite = />k /ories4 ,& 9 %ort1 ,i    
made x ?is4 ,i expla9 all ?is 9 ord] to 
make x cle> to ! read] t1 h[ev] que] ?is
 book appe>s at ! fir/ exam9ation1 x is 
! outcome ( trial & delib]ation1 x is   
int5d$ to be z x is4 ,i am aim+ ?r\gh\t 
at a sort ( %ot-silk texture betwe5     
philosophical discussion on ! "o h& &   
imag9ative n>rative on ! o!r4  ,h4 ,g4  
,,wells4    ,,cont5ts    ,! ,own] ( !   
,voice   ,*apt] ! ,fir/--,topographical 
,*apt] ! ,second--,conc]n+ ,fre$oms     
,*apt] ! ,?ird--,utopian ,economics     
,*apt] ! ,f\r?--,! ,voice ( ,nature     
,*apt] ! ,fif?--,failure 9 a ,mod]n     
,utopia   ,*apt] ! ,six?--,wom5 9 a     
,mod]n ,utopia   ,*apt] ! ,sev5?--,a    
,few ,utopian ,impressions   ,*apt] !   
,eigh?--,my ,utopian ,self   ,*apt] !   
,n9?--,! ,samurai   ,*apt] ! ,t5?--,race
 9 ,utopia   ,*apt] ! ,elev5?--,!       
,bubble ,bur/s   ,app5dix--,scepticism (
 ! ,in/rum5t   ,a ,,mod]n ,,utopia   ,,!

 ,,own] ,,( ,,! ,,voice  ,!re are works1
 & ?is is "o ( !m1 t are be/ begun ) a  
portrait ( ! au?or4 ,& "h1 inde$1       
because ( a v natural misund]/&+ ?is is 
! only c\rse to take4 ,?r\gh\t ^! pap]s 
s\nds a note1 a di/9ctive & p]sonal     
note1 a note t t5ds at times t[>ds      
/rid5cy2 & all t is n1 z ^! words are1 9
 ,italics1 is 9 "o ,voice4 ,n[1 ?is     
,voice1 & ?is is ! peculi>ity ( ! matt]1
 is n to be tak5 z ! ,voice ( ! o/5sible
 au?or :o fa!rs ^! pages4 ,y h to cle>  
y\r m9d ( any preconceptions 9 t        
respect4 ,! ,own] ( ! ,voice y mu/      
figure to y\rself z a :iti% plump man1 a
 little "u ! middle size & age1 ) su*   
blue eyes z _m ,iri%m5 h1 & agile 9 8   
movem5ts & ) a slight tonsorial         
baldness--a p5ny might cov] x--( ! cr[n4
 ,8 front is convex4 ,he droops at times
 l mo/ ( u1 b = ! great] "p he be>s     
himself z valiantly z a sp>r[4          
,occasionally 8 h& flies out ) a flutt]+
 ge/ure ( illu/ration4 ,& 8 ,voice 7:i* 
is our m$ium h5ce=?7 is an unattractive 

t5or t becomes at times aggressive4 ,him
 y mu/ imag9e z sitt+ at a table read+ a
 manuscript ab\t ,utopias1 a manuscript 
he holds 9 two h&s t are j a little fat 
at ! wri/4 ,! curta9 rises ^u him s4 ,b 
aft]w>ds1 if ! devices ( ?is decl9+ art 
( lit]ature prevail1 y w g ) him ?r\gh  
curi\s & int]e/+ exp]i5ces4 ,yet1 ev] & 
aga91 y w f9d him back at t little      
table1 ! manuscript 9 8 h&1 & !         
expansion ( 8 ratioc9ations ab\t ,utopia
 consci5ti\sly resum$4 ,! ent]ta9m5t    
be=e y is nei!r ! set drama ( ! "w (    
fiction y are accu/om$ to read1 nor !   
set lectur+ ( ! essay y are accu/om$ to 
evade1 b a hybrid ( ^! two4 ,if y figure
 ?is own] ( ! ,voice z sitt+1 a little  
n]v\sly1 a little mode/ly1 on a /age1 ) 
table1 glass ( wat] & all complete1 &   
myself z ! intrusive *airman insi/+ ) a 
bl& ru?lessness ^u 8 few words (        
introduction be=e he rec$es into ! w+s1 
& if fur!rmore y figure a %eet beh9d our
 fri5d on :i* mov+ pictures int]mitt5tly
 appe>1 & if f9ally y suppose 8 subject 

to be ! /ory ( ! adv5ture ( 8 s\l among 
,utopian inquiries1 y w be prep>$ = "s  
at lea/ ( ! difficulties ( ?is unwor?y b
 unusual "w4  ,b ov] aga9/ ?is writ] "h 
pres5t$1 !re is also ano!r e>?ly p]son 9
 ! book1 :o ga!rs himself toge!r into a 
di/9ct p]sonality only aft] a prelim9>y 
complication ) ! read]4 ,?is p]son is   
spok5 ( z ! botani/1 & he is a lean]1 r 
tall]1 grav] & mu* less g>rul\s man4 ,8 
face is weakly h&some & done 9 tones (  
grey1 he is fairi% & grey-ey$1 & y w\ld 
suspect him ( dyspepsia4 ,x is a        
ju/ifiable suspicion4 ,m5 ( ?is type1 ! 
*airman rem>ks ) a sudd5 intrusion (    
exposition1 are romantic ) a %ad[ (     
meanness1 !y seek at once to conceal &  
%ape _! s5su\s crav+s b5ea? egregi\s    
s5tim5talities1 !y get into mighty      
tangles & tr\bles ) wom51 & he has _h 8 
tr\bles4 ,y w he> ( !m1 = t is ! quality
 ( 8 type4 ,he gets no p]sonal          
expression 9 ?is book1 ! ,voice is      
always t o!r's1 b y ga!r mu* ( ! matt] &
 some?+ ( ! mann] ( 8 int]polations f ! 

asides & ! t5\r ( ! ,voice4  ,s mu* by  
way ( portraiture is necess>y to pres5t 
! explor]s ( ! ,mod]n ,utopia1 :i* w    
unfold itself z a backgr\nd to ^! two   
enquir+ figures4 ,! image ( a           
c9ematograph ent]ta9m5t is ! "o to      
grasp4 ,!re w be an effect ( ^! two p   
go+ to & fro 9 front ( ! circle ( a r   
defective lant]n1 :i* sometimes jams &  
sometimes gets out ( focus1 b :i* does  
occasionally succe$ 9 display+ on a     
scre5 a mom5t>y mov+ picture ( ,utopian 
conditions4 ,occasionally ! picture goes
 out altoge!r1 ! ,voice argues & argues1
 & ! footlights return1 & !n y f9d      
y\rself li/5+ aga9 to ! r too plump     
little man at 8 table labori\sly        
enunciat+ propositions1 ^u :om ! curta9 
rises n[4    ,,*apt] ,,! ,,fir/         
,topographical   ,section #a  ,! ,utopia
 ( a mod]n dream] mu/ ne$s diff] 9 "o   
fundam5tal aspect f ! ,n[h]es & ,utopias
 m5 plann$ be=e ,d>w9 quick5$ ! ?\ght ( 
! _w4 ,^? 7 all p]fect & /atic ,/ates1 a
 balance ( happ9ess won = ev] aga9/ !   

=ces ( unre/ & disord] t inh]e 9 ?+s4   
,"o beheld a heal?y & simple g5]ation   
enjoy+ ! fruits ( ! e>? 9 an atmosph]e (
 virtue & happ9ess1 to be foll[$ by o!r 
virtu\s1 happy1 & entirely simil>       
g5]ations1 until ! ,gods grew we>y4     
,*ange & developm5t 7 damm$ back by     
inv9cible dams = ev]4 ,b ! ,mod]n       
,utopia mu/ be n /atic b k9etic1 mu/    
%ape n z a p]man5t /ate b z a hopeful   
/age1 lead+ to a long asc5t ( /ages4    
,n[adays we d n resi/ & ov]come ! great 
/ream ( ?+s1 b r float ^u x4 ,we build  
n[ n citadels1 b %ips ( /ate4 ,= "o     
ord]$ arrangem5t ( citiz5s rejoic+ 9 an 
equality ( happ9ess safe & assur$ to !m 
& _! *ildr5 = ev]1 we h to plan a       
flexible common compromise1 9 :i* a     
p]petually novel succession (           
individualities may conv]ge mo/         
effectually ^u a compreh5sive onw>d     
developm5t4 ,t is ! fir/1 mo/ g5]alis$  
diff]5ce betwe5 a ,utopia bas$ ^u mod]n 
conceptions & all ! ,utopias t 7 writt5 
9 ! =m] "t4  ,our bus9ess "h is to be   

,utopian1 to make vivid & cr$ible1 if we
 c1 fir/ ?is facet & !n t1 ( an imag9>y 
:ole & happy _w4 ,our delib]ate int5tion
 is to be n1 inde$1 impossible1 b mo/   
di/9ctly impracticable1 by e scale t    
rea*es only betwe5 to-day & to-morr[4   
,we are to turn our backs = a space ^u !
 insi/5t exam9ation ( ! ?+ t is1 & face 
t[>ds ! fre] air1 ! ampl] spaces ( ! ?+ 
t p]haps might be1 to ! projection ( a  
,/ate or city wor? :ile1 to design+ ^u !
 %eet ( our imag9ations ! picture ( a   
life conceivably possible1 & yet bett]  
wor? liv+ ?an our own4 ,t is our pres5t 
ent]prise4 ,we are go+ to lay d[n c]ta9 
necess>y />t+ propositions1 & !n we %all
 proce$ to explore ! sort ( _w ^!       
propositions give u4444  ,x is no d\bt  
an optimi/ic ent]prise4 ,b x is good =  
a:ile to be free f ! c>p+ note t mu/    
ne$s be audible :5 we discuss our pres5t
 imp]fections1 to release ourselves f   
practical difficulties & ! tangle ( ways
 & means4 ,x is good to /op by ! track =
 a space1 put aside ! knapsack1 wipe !  

br[s1 & talk a little ( ! upp] slopes ( 
! m\nta9 we ?9k we are climb+1 w\ld b ! 
trees let u see x4  ,!re is to be no    
inquiry "h ( policy & me?od4 ,?is is to 
be a holiday f politics & movem5ts &    
me?ods4 ,b = all t1 we mu/ ne$s def9e   
c]ta9 limitations4 ,7 we free to h our  
untrammell$ desire1 ,i suppose we %\ld  
foll[ ,morris to 8 ,n[h]e1 we %\ld *ange
 ! nature ( man & ! nature ( ?+s toge!r2
 we %\ld make ! :ole race wise1 tol]ant1
 noble1 p]fect--wave our h&s to a       
spl5did an>*y1 e man do+ z x pleases    
him1 & none pleas$ to d evil1 9 a _w z  
good 9 its ess5tial nature1 z ripe &    
sunny1 z ! _w be=e ! ,fall4 ,b t gold5  
age1 t p]fect _w1 comes out into !      
possibilities ( space & "t4 ,9 space &  
"t ! p]vad+ ,w to ,live su/a9s = ev]more
 a p]petuity ( aggressions4 ,our        
proposal "h is ^u a m practical plane at
 lea/ ?an t4 ,we are to re/rict         
ourselves fir/ to ! limitations ( human 
possibility z we "k !m 9 ! m5 & wom5 (  
?is _w to-day1 & !n to all ! inhumanity1

 all ! insubord9ation ( nature4 ,we are 
to %ape our /ate 9 a _w ( unc]ta9       
seasons1 sudd5 cata/rophes1 antagoni/ic 
diseases1 & inimical bea/s & v]m91 out (
 m5 & wom5 ) l passions1 l unc]ta9ties (
 mood & desire to our own4 ,&1 moreov]1 
we are go+ to accept ?is _w ( conflict1 
to adopt no attitude ( r5unciation t[>ds
 x1 to face x 9 no ascetic _s1 b 9 !    
mood ( ! ,we/]n peoples1 ^: purpose is  
to survive & ov]come4 ,s mu* we adopt 9 
common ) ^? :o deal n 9 ,utopias1 b 9 ! 
_w ( ,"h & ,n[4  ,c]ta9 lib]ties1 h[ev]1
 foll[+ ! be/ ,utopian prec$5ts1 we may 
take ) exi/+ fact4 ,we assume t ! tone (
 public ?\ght may be entirely diff]5t f 
:at x is 9 ! pres5t _w4 ,we p]mit       
ourselves a free h& ) ! m5tal conflict (
 life1 )9 ! possibilities ( ! human m9d 
z we "k x4 ,we p]mit ourselves also a   
free h& ) all ! app>atus ( exi/5ce t man
 has1 s to speak1 made = himself1 )     
h\ses1 roads1 clo?+1 canals1 ma*9]y1 )  
laws1 b\nd>ies1 conv5tions1 &           
traditions1 ) s*ools1 ) lit]ature &     

religi\s organisation1 ) cre$s & cu/oms1
 ) ev]y?+1 9 fact1 t x lies )9 man's p[]
 to alt]4 ,t1 inde$1 is ! c>d9al        
assumption ( all ,utopian speculations  
old & new2 ! ,republic & ,laws ( ,plato1
 & ,m's ,utopia1 ,h[ells' implicit      
,altruria1 & ,bellamy's future ,bo/on1  
,comte's great ,we/]n ,republic1        
,h]tzka's ,freel&1 ,cabet's ,ic>ia1 &   
,campanella's ,city ( ! ,sun1 are built1
 j z we %all build1 ^u t1 ^u ! hypo!sis 
( ! complete emancipation ( a community 
( m5 f tradition1 f habits1 f legal     
bonds1 & t subtl] s]vitude possessions  
entail4 ,& mu* ( ! ess5tial value ( all 
su* speculations lies 9 ?is assumption (
 emancipation1 lies 9 t reg>d t[>ds     
human fre$om1 9 ! undy+ int]e/ ( ! human
 p[] ( self-escape1 ! p[] to resi/ !    
causation ( ! pa/1 & to evade1 initiate1
 endeav\r1 & ov]come4   ,section #b     
,!re are v def9ite arti/ic limitations  
also4  ,!re mu/ always be a c]ta9 effect
 ( h>dness & ?9ness ab\t ,utopian       
speculations4 ,_! common fault is to be 

compreh5sively jejune4 ,t :i* is ! blood
 & w>m? & reality ( life is l>gely      
abs5t2 !re are no individualities1 b    
only g5]alis$ p4 ,9 almo/ e             
,utopia--except1 p]haps1 ,morris's ,news
 f ,n[h]e--"o sees h&some b *>act]less  
build+s1 symmetrical & p]fect           
cultivations1 & a multitude ( p1 heal?y1
 happy1 beautifully dress$1 b )\t any   
p]sonal di/9ction :atev]4 ,too (t5 !    
prospect resembles ! key to "o ( ^? l>ge
 pictures ( coronations1 royal w$d+s1   
p>liam5ts1 conf]5ces1 & ga!r+s s popul> 
9 ,victorian times1 9 :i*1 in/ead ( a   
face1 ea* figure be>s a neat oval ) its 
index numb] legibly inscrib$4 ,?is      
bur!ns u ) an incurable effect (        
unreality1 & ,i d n see h[ x is altoge!r
 to be escap$4 ,x is a disadvantage t   
has to be accept$4 ,:atev] in/itution   
has exi/$ or exi/s1 h[ev] irrational1   
h[ev] prepo/]\s1 has1 by virtue ( its   
contact ) individualities1 an effect (  
realness & rightness no untri$ ?+ may   
%>e4 ,x has rip5$1 x has be5 *ri/5$ )   

blood1 x has be5 /a9$ & mell[$ by h&l+1 
x has be5 r\nd$ & d5t$ to ! s(t5$       
cont\rs t we associate ) life2 x has be5
 salt$1 maybe1 9 a br9e ( te>s4 ,b ! ?+ 
t is m]ely propos$1 ! ?+ t is m]ely     
sugge/$1 h[ev] rational1 h[ev] necess>y1
 seems /range & inhuman 9 its cle>1 h>d1
 uncompromis+ l9es1 its unqualifi$      
angles & surfaces4  ,!re is no help = x1
 !re x is6 ,! ,ma/] suff]s ) ! la/ &    
lea/ ( 8 successors4 ,= all ! humanity  
he w9s to1 ?r\gh 8 dramatic device (    
dialogue1 ,i d\bt if anyone has ev] be5 
w>m$ to desire himself a citiz5 9 !     
,republic ( ,plato2 ,i d\bt if anyone   
c\ld /& a mon? ( ! rel5tless publicity (
 virtue plann$ by ,m4444 ,no "o wants to
 live 9 any community ( int]c\rse       
really1 save = ! sake ( !               
individualities he w\ld meet !re4 ,!    
f]tilis+ conflict ( individualities is !
 ultimate mean+ ( ! p]sonal life1 & all 
our ,utopias no m ?an s*emes = bett]+ t 
int]play4 ,at lea/1 t is h[ life %apes  
itself m & m to mod]n p]ceptions4 ,until

 y br+ 9 individualities1 no?+ comes    
into be+1 & a ,univ]se ceases :5 y %iv] 
! mirror ( ! lea/ ( individual m9ds4    
,section #c  ,no less ?an a planet w    
s]ve ! purpose ( a mod]n ,utopia4 ,"t 0 
:5 a m\nta9 valley or an isl& seem$ to  
promise suffici5t isolation = a polity  
to ma9ta9 itself intact f outw>d =ce2 ! 
,republic ( ,plato /ood arm$ ready =    
def5sive w>1 & ! ,new ,atlantis & !     
,utopia ( ,m 9 !ory1 l ,*9a & ,japan    
?r\gh _m c5turies ( effectual practice1 
held !mselves isolat$ f intrud]s4 ,su*  
late in/ances z ,butl]'s satirical      
,ere:on1 & ,mr4 ,/ead's que5dom ( inv]t$
 sexual conditions 9 ,c5tral ,africa1   
f\nd ! ,tibetan me?od ( slaught]+ !     
inquir+ visitor a simple1 suffici5t     
rule4 ,b ! :ole tr5d ( mod]n ?\ght is   
aga9/ ! p]man5ce ( any su* enclosures4  
,we are acutely aw>e n[adays t1 h[ev]   
subtly contriv$ a ,/ate may be1 outside 
y\r b\nd>y l9es ! epidemic1 ! bre$+     
b>b>ian or ! economic p[]1 w ga!r its   
/r5g? to ov]come y4 ,! swift m>* (      

inv5tion is all = ! invad]4 ,n[1 p]haps 
y might /ill gu>d a rocky coa/ or a n>r[
 pass2 b :at ( t ne> to-morr[ :5 ! fly+ 
ma*9e so>s ov]head1 free to desc5d at   
?is po9t or t8 ,a /ate p[]ful en\gh to  
keep isolat$ "u mod]n conditions w\ld be
 p[]ful en\gh to rule ! _w1 w\ld be1    
inde$1 if n actively rul+1 yet passively
 acquiesc5t 9 all o!r human             
organisations1 & s responsible = !m     
altoge!r4 ,_w-/ate1 !re=e1 x mu/ be4  ,t
 leaves no room = a mod]n ,utopia 9     
,c5tral ,africa1 or 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 or  
r\nd ab\t ! pole1 ^? la/ refuges (      
ideality4 ,! float+ isle ( ,la ,cite    
,morelly/e no long] avails4 ,we ne$ a   
planet4 ,"l ,ersk9e1 ! au?or ( a ,utopia
 7,armata7 t might h be5 inspir$ by ,mr4
 ,hew9s1 0 ! fir/ ( all ,utopi/s to     
p]ceive ?is--he jo9$ 8 tw9 planets pole 
to pole by a sort ( umbilical cord4 ,b !
 mod]n imag9ation1 obsess$ by physics1  
mu/ travel fur!r ?an t4  ,out beyond    
,sirius1 f> 9 ! deeps ( space1 beyond ! 
flight ( a cannon-ball fly+ = a billion 

ye>s1 beyond ! range ( unaid$ vision1   
blazes ! /> t is our ,utopia's sun4 ,to 
^? :o "k :]e to look1 ) a good          
op]a-glass aid+ good eyes1 x & ?ree     
fell[s t seem 9 a clu/] ) x--?\gh !y are
 incr$ible billions ( miles ne>]--make j
 ! fa9te/ speck ( light4 ,ab\t x g      
planets1 ev5 z our planets1 b weav+ a   
diff]5t fate1 & 9 its place among !m is 
,utopia1 ) its si/] mate1 ! ,moon4 ,x is
 a planet l our planet1 ! same cont95ts1
 ! same isl&s1 ! same oceans & seas1    
ano!r ,fuji-,yama is beautiful !re      
dom9at+ ano!r ,yokohama--& ano!r        
,matt]horn ov]looks ! icy disord] (     
ano!r ,!odule4 ,x is s l our planet t a 
t]re/rial botani/ might f9d 8 e species 
!re1 ev5 to ! meane/ pondwe$ or !       
remote/ ,alp9e blossom4444  ,only :5 he 
_h ga!r$ t la/ & turn$ ab\t to f9d 8 inn
 aga91 p]haps he w\ld n f9d 8 inn6      
,suppose n[ t two ( u 7 actually to turn
 ab\t 9 j t fa%ion4 ,two1 ,i ?9k1 = to  
face a /range planet1 ev5 ?\gh x be a   
:olly civilis$ "o1 )\t "s o!r famili>   

back+1 da%es ! c\rage ov]mu*4 ,suppose t
 we 7 inde$ s translat$ ev5 z we /ood4  
,y figure u ^u "s high pass 9 ! ,alps1 &
 ?\gh ,i--be+ "o easily made giddy by   
/oop+--am no botani/ myself1 if my      
companion 7 to h a specim5 t9 "u 8      
arm--s long z x is n pa9t$ t abom9able  
popul> ,swiss apple gre5--,i w\ld make x
 no occasion = qu>rel6 ,we h tramp$ &   
botanis$ & come to a re/1 &1 sitt+ among
 rocks1 we h eat5 our lun* & f9i%$ our  
bottle ( ,yvorne1 & fall5 into a talk ( 
,utopias1 & said su* ?+s z ,i h be5     
say+4 ,i c\ld figure x myself ^u t      
little neck ( ! ,luc5dro ,pass1 ^u !    
%\ld] ( ! ,piz ,luc5dro1 = !re once ,i  
lun*$ & talk$ v pleasantly1 & we are    
look+ d[n ^u ! ,val ,b$retto1 & ,villa &
 ,fontana & ,airolo try to hide f u "u !
 m\nta9 side--?ree-qu>t]s ( a mile !y   
are v]tically bel[4 7,lant]n47 ,) t     
absurd ne>ness ( effect "o gets 9 !     
,alps1 we see ! little tra9 a doz5 miles
 away1 runn+ d[n ! ,bias*9a to ,italy1 &
 ! ,lukmani] ,pass beyond ,piora left ( 

u1 & ! ,san ,giacomo "r1 m]e footpa?s "u
 our feet4444  ,& behold6 9 ! tw9kl+ (  
an eye we are 9 t o!r _w6  ,we %\ld     
sc>cely note ! *ange4 ,n a cl\d w\ld h  
gone f ! sky4 ,x might be ! remote t[n  
bel[ w\ld take a diff]5t air1 & my      
companion ! botani/1 ) 8 educat$        
obs]vation1 might almo/ see z mu*1 & !  
tra91 p]haps1 w\ld be gone out ( !      
picture1 & ! embank$ /raightness ( !    
,tic9o 9 ! ,ambri-,piotta mead[s--t     
might be alt]$1 b t w\ld be all !       
visible *ange4 ,yet ,i h an idea t 9 "s 
obscure mann] we %\ld come to feel at   
once a diff]5ce 9 ?+s4  ,! botani/'s    
glance w\ld1 "u a subtle attraction1    
float back to ,airolo4 ,x's que]1 he    
w\ld say q idly1 b ,i nev] notic$ t     
build+ !re to ! "r be=e4  ,:i* build+8  
,t to ! "r--) a que] sort ( ?+----  ,i  
see n[4 ,yes4 ,yes1 x's c]ta9ly an      
odd-look+ affair4444 ,& big1 y "k6      
,h&some6 ,i wond]----  ,t w\ld int]rupt 
our ,utopian speculations4 ,we %\ld bo? 
discov] t ! little t[ns bel[ _h *ang$--b

 h[1 we %\ld n h m>k$ !m well en\gh to  
"k4 ,x w\ld be indef9able1 a *ange 9 !  
quality ( _! gr\p+1 a *ange 9 ! quality 
( _! remote1 small %apes4  ,i %\ld flick
 a few crumbs f my knee1 p]haps4 ,x's   
odd1 ,i %\ld say1 = ! t5? or elev5? "t1 
) a motion to rise1 & we %\ld get up &  
/ret* ourselves1 &1 /ill a little       
puzzl$1 turn our faces t[>ds ! pa? t    
clamb]s d[n ov] ! tumbl$ rocks & runs   
r\nd by ! /ill cle> lake & d[n t[>ds !  
,hospice ( ,/4 ,got?>d--if p]*ance we   
c\ld /ill f9d t pa?4  ,long be=e we got 
to t1 be=e ev5 we got to ! great high   
road1 we %\ld h h9ts f ! /one cab9 9 !  
nape ( ! pass--x w\ld be gone or        
wond]fully *ang$--f ! v goats ^u !      
rocks1 f ! little hut by ! r\gh bridge (
 /one1 t a mighty diff]5ce _h come to ! 
_w ( m54  ,& pres5tly1 amaz$ & amaz+1 we
 %\ld happ5 on a man--no ,swiss--dress$ 
9 unfamili> clo?+ & speak+ an unfamili> 
spee*4444   ,section #d  ,be=e nightfall
 we %\ld be dr5*$ 9 wond]s1 b /ill we   
%\ld h wond] left = ! ?+ my companion1 )

 8 sci5tific tra9+1 w\ld no d\bt be !   
fir/ to see4 ,he w\ld glance up1 ) t    
propriet>y eye ( ! man :o kn[s 8        
con/ellations d[n to ! little ,greek    
lett]s4 ,i imag9e 8 exclamation4 ,he    
w\ld at fir/ d\bt 8 eyes4 ,i %\ld       
inquire ! cause ( 8 con/]nation1 & x    
w\ld be h>d to expla94 ,he w\ld ask me )
 a c]ta9 s+ul>ity ( mann] = ,orion1 & ,i
 %\ld n f9d him2 = ! ,great ,be>1 & x   
w\ld h vani%$4 ,:]e8 ,i %\ld ask1 & :]e8
 seek+ among t scatt]$ />r9ess1 & sl[ly 
,i %\ld acquire ! wond] t possess$ him4 
,!n1 = ! fir/ "t1 p]haps1 we %\ld       
realise f ?is unfamili> heav5 t n ! _w  
_h *ang$1 b ourselves--t we _h come into
 ! utt]mo/ deeps ( space4   ,section #e 
,we ne$ suppose no l+ui/ic imp$im5ts to 
int]c\rse4 ,! :ole _w w surely h a      
common language1 t is q elem5t>ily      
,utopian1 & s9ce we are free ( !        
trammels ( conv9c+ /ory-tell+1 we may   
suppose t language to be suffici5tly our
 own to und]/&4 ,inde$1 %\ld we be 9    
,utopia at all1 if we c\ld n talk to    

ev]yone8 ,t accurs$ b> ( language1 t    
ho/ile inscription 9 ! =eign]'s eyes1   
deaf & dumb to y1 sir1 & s--y\r enemy1  
is ! v fir/ ( ! defects & complications 
"o has fl$ ! e>? to escape4  ,b :at sort
 ( language w\ld we h ! _w speak1 if we 
7 told ! miracle ( ,babel 0 pres5tly to 
be rev]s$8  ,if ,i may take a d>+ image1
 a m$iaeval lib]ty1 ,i w\ld suppose t 9 
?is lonely place ! ,_s ( ,creation spoke
 to u on ?is matt]4 ,y are wise m51 t   
,_s might say--& ,i1 be+ a suspici\s1   
t\*y1 ov]-e>ne/ man = all my            
pr$isposition to plumpness1 w\ld        
in/antly sc5t ! irony 7:ile my          
companion1 ,i fancy1 might ev5 plume    
himself71 & to beget y\r wisdom is      
*iefly :y ! _w 0 made4 ,y are s good z  
to propose an accel]ation ( t t$i\s     
multitud9\s evolution ^u :i* ,i am      
engag$4 ,i ga!r1 a univ]sal tongue w\ld 
s]ve y !re4 ,:ile ,i sit "h among ^!    
m\nta9s--,i h be5 fil+ away at !m = ?is 
la/ aeon or s1 j to attract y\r hotels1 
y "k--w y be s k9d----8 ,a few h9ts----8

  ,!n ! ,_s ( ,creation might transi5tly
 smile1 a smile t w\ld be l ! pass+ ( a 
cl\d4 ,all ! m\nta9 wild]ness ab\t u    
w\ld be radiantly lit4 7,y "k ^? swift  
mom5ts1 :5 w>m? & brightness drift by1 9
 lonely & desolate places47  ,yet1 aft] 
all1 :y %\ld two m5 be smil$ into apa?y 
by ! ,inf9ite8 ,"h we are1 ) our knobby 
little heads1 our eyes & h&s & feet &   
/\t he>ts1 & if n u or ours1 /ill !     
endless multitudes ab\t u & 9 our lo9s  
are to come at la/ to ! ,_w ,/ate & a   
great] fell[%ip & ! univ]sal tongue4    
,let u to ! ext5t ( our ability1 if n   
answ] t "q1 at any rate try to ?9k      
ourselves )9 sight ( ! be/ ?+ possible4 
,t1 aft] all1 is our purpose1 to imag9e 
our be/ & /rive = x1 & x is a worse     
folly & a worse s9 ?an presumption1 to  
ab&on /riv+ because ! be/ ( all our be/s
 looks mean amid/ ! suns4  ,n[ y z a    
botani/ w\ld1 ,i suppose1 incl9e to     
some?+ z !y say1 sci5tific4 ,y w9ce "u t
 mo/ (f5sive epi!t--& ,i am able to give
 y my intellig5t sympa?y--?\gh          

pseudo-sci5tific & quasi-sci5tific are  
worse by f> = ! sk94 ,y w\ld beg9 to    
talk ( sci5tific languages1 ( ,esp]anto1
 ,la ,langue ,bleue1 ,new ,lat91        
,volapuk1 & ,"l ,lytton1 ( !            
philosophical language ( ,ar*bi%op      
,:ateley1 ,lady ,welby's "w ^u          
,significs & ! l4 ,y w\ld tell me ( !   
rem>kable precisions1 ! encyclopa$ic    
quality ( *emical t]m9ology1 & at ! ^w  
t]m9ology ,i %\ld ins9uate a comm5t on t
 em95t ,am]ican biologi/1 ,pr(essor ,m>k
 ,baldw91 :o has c>ri$ ! language       
biological to su* heights ( expressive  
cle>ness z to be triumphantly &         
inv9cibly unreadable4 7,:i* =e%ad[s !   
l9e ( my def5ce47  ,y make y\r ideal    
cle>1 a sci5tific language y dem&1 )\t  
ambiguity1 z precise z ma!matical       
=mulae1 & ) e t]m 9 relations ( exact   
logical consi/5cy ) e o!r4 ,x w be a    
language ) all ! inflexions ( v]bs &    
n\ns regul> & all its con/ructions      
inevitable1 ea* ^w cle>ly di/+ui%able f 
e o!r ^w 9 s\nd z well z spell+4  ,t1 at

 any rate1 is ! sort ( ?+ "o he>s dem&$1
 & if only because ! dem& re/s ^u       
implications t rea* f> beyond ! region (
 language1 x is wor? consid]+ "h4 ,x    
implies1 inde$1 almo/ ev]y?+ t we are   
endeav\r+ to repudiate 9 ?is p>ticul>   
"w4 ,x implies t ! :ole intellectual    
basis ( mank9d is e/abli%$1 t ! rules ( 
logic1 ! sy/ems ( c\nt+ & measurem5t1 ! 
g5]al categories & s*emes ( resemblance 
& diff]5ce1 are e/abli%$ = ! human m9d =
 ev]--blank ,comte-ism1 9 fact1 ( !     
blanke/ description4 ,b1 inde$1 ! sci5ce
 ( logic & ! :ole framework (           
philosophical ?\ght m5 h kept s9ce !    
days ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 has no m     
ess5tial p]man5ce z a f9al expression ( 
! human m9d1 ?an ! ,scotti% ,long]      
,cate*ism4 ,amid/ ! welt] ( mod]n ?\ght1
 a philosophy long lo/ to m5 rises aga9 
into be+1 l "s bl9d & almo/ =mless      
embryo1 t mu/ pres5tly develop sight1 & 
=m1 & p[]1 a philosophy 9 :i* ?is       
assumption is d5i$4 ,footnote3 ,! s]i\s 
read] may ref] at leisure to ,sidgwick's

 ,use ( ,words 9 ,reason+ 7p>ticul>ly71 
& to ,bosanquet's ,ess5tials ( ,logic1  
,bradley's ,pr9ciples ( ,logic1 &       
,sigw>t's ,logik2 ! light] m9d$ may read
 & m>k ! temp] ( ,pr(essor ,case 9 !    
,briti% ,encyclopa$ia1 article ,logic   
7,vol4 ,,xxx474 ,i h app5d$ to 8 book a 
rude sket* ( a philosophy ^u new l9es1  
orig9ally read by me to ! ,ox=d ,phil4  
,soc4 9 #aijc4  ,all ?r\gh ?is ,utopian 
excursion1 ,i mu/ w>n y1 y %all feel !  
?ru/ & di/urbance ( t insurg5t movem5t4 
,9 ! reit]at$ use ( ,unique1 y w1 z x 71
 get ! gleam ( its integum5t2 9 !       
insi/5ce ^u individuality1 & !          
individual diff]5ce z ! significance (  
life1 y w feel ! texture ( its %ap+     
body4 ,no?+ endures1 no?+ is precise &  
c]ta9 7except ! m9d ( a p$ant71         
p]fection is ! m]e repudiation ( t      
ineluctable m>g9al inexactitude :i* is !
 my/]i\s inmo/ quality ( ,be+4 ,be+1    
inde$6--!re is no be+1 b a univ]sal     
becom+ ( individualities1 & ,plato turn$
 8 back on tru? :5 he turn$ t[>ds 8     

museum ( specific ideals4 ,h]aclitus1 t 
lo/ & mis9t]pret$ giant1 may p]haps be  
com+ to 8 own4444  ,!re is no abid+ ?+ 9
 :at we "k4 ,we *ange f weak] to /rong] 
lights1 & ea* m p[]ful light pi]ces our 
hi!rto opaque f\ndations & reveals fre% 
& diff]5t opacities bel[4 ,we c nev]    
=etell :i* ( our seem+ly assur$         
fundam5tals ! next *ange w n affect4    
,:at folly1 !n1 to dream ( mapp+ out our
 m9ds 9 h[ev] g5]al t]ms1 ( provid+ = ! 
endless my/]ies ( ! future a t]m9ology &
 an idiom6 ,we foll[ ! ve91 we m9e &    
accumulate our treasure1 b :o c tell :i*
 way ! ve9 may tr5d8 ,language is !     
n\ri%m5t ( ! ?\ght ( man1 t s]ves only z
 x und]goes metabolism1 & becomes ?\ght 
& lives1 & 9 its v liv+ passes away4 ,y 
sci5tific p1 ) y\r fancy ( a t]rible    
exactitude 9 language1 ( inde/ructible  
f\ndations built1 z t ,wordswor?ian     
dogg]el on ! title-page ( ,nature says1 
= aye1 are m>vell\sly )\t imag9ation6   
,! language ( ,utopia w no d\bt be "o & 
indivisible2 all mank9d w1 9 ! measure (

 _! individual diff]5ces 9 quality1 be  
br\ght into ! same phase1 into a common 
resonance ( ?\ght1 b ! language !y w    
speak w /ill be a liv+ tongue1 an       
animat$ sy/em ( imp]fections1 :i* e     
individual man w inf9itesimally modify4 
,?r\gh ! univ]sal fre$om ( ex*ange &    
movem5t1 ! develop+ *ange 9 its g5]al _s
 w be a _w-wide *ange2 t is ! quality ( 
its univ]sality4 ,i fancy x w be a      
coalesc$ language1 a syn!sis ( _m4 ,su* 
a language z ,engli% is a coalesc$      
language2 x is a coalesc5ce (           
,anglo-,saxon & ,norman ,fr5* & ,s*ol>'s
 ,lat91 weld$ into "o spee* m ample & m 
p[]ful & beautiful ?an ei!r4 ,! ,utopian
 tongue might well pres5t a m spaci\s   
coalesc5ce1 & hold 9 ! frame ( su* an   
un9flect$ or slightly inflect$ idiom z  
,engli% already pres5ts1 a pr(use       
vocabul>y into :i* h be5 ca/ a doz5 once
 sep>ate tongues1 sup]pos$ & !n weld$   
toge!r ?r\gh bil+ual & tril+ual         
compromises4 ,footnote3 ,vide an        
excell5t article1 ,la ,langue ,francaise

 en l'an #bjjc1 p> ,leon ,bollack1 9 ,la
 ,revue1 #ae ,juillet1 #aijc4 ,9 ! pa/  
+5i\s m5 h speculat$ on ! inquiry1 ,:i* 
language w survive8 ,! "q 0 badly put4  
,i ?9k n[ t ?is w$d+ & survival ( sev]al
 9 a common (fspr+ is a f> m probable   
?+4   ,section #f  ,?is talk (          
languages1 h[ev]1 is a digression4 ,we 7
 on our way along ! fa9t pa? t runs r\nd
 ! rim ( ! ,lake ( ,luc5dro1 & we 7 j ^u
 ! po9t ( com+ ^u our fir/ ,utopian man4
 ,he 01 ,i said1 no ,swiss4 ,yet he w\ld
 h be5 a ,swiss on "m ,e>?1 & "h he w\ld
 h ! same face1 ) "s diff]5ce1 maybe1 9 
! expression2 ! same physique1 ?\gh a   
little bett] develop$1 p]haps--! same   
complexion4 ,he w\ld h diff]5t habits1  
diff]5t traditions1 diff]5t k1 diff]5t  
ideas1 diff]5t clo?+1 & diff]5t         
appliances1 b1 except = all t1 he w\ld  
be ! same man4 ,we v di/9ctly provid$ at
 ! outset t ! mod]n ,utopia mu/ h p     
inh]5tly ! same z ^? 9 ! _w4  ,!re is m1
 p]haps1 9 t ?an appe>s at ! fir/       
sugge/ion4  ,t proposition gives "o     

*>act]i/ic diff]5ce betwe5 a mod]n      
,utopia & almo/ all its pr$ecessors4 ,x 
is to be a _w ,utopia1 we h agre$1 no   
less2 & s we mu/ ne$s face ! fact t we  
are to h diff]5ces ( race4 ,ev5 ! l[]   
class ( ,plato's ,republic 0 n          
specifically ( diff]5t race4 ,b ?is is a
 ,utopia z wide z ,*ri/ian *>ity1 & :ite
 & black1 br[n1 r$ & yell[1 all t9ts (  
sk91 all types ( body & "*1 w be !re4   
,h[ we are to adju/ _! diff]5ces is a   
ma/] "q1 & ! matt] is n ev5 to be op5$ 9
 ?is *apt]4 ,x w ne$ a :ole *apt] ev5 to
 glance at its issues4 ,b "h we und]l9e 
t /ipulation2 e race ( ?is planet e>? is
 to be f\nd 9 ! /ricte/ p>allelism !re1 
9 numb]s ! same--only1 z ,i say1 ) an   
entirely diff]5t set ( traditions1      
ideals1 ideas1 & purposes1 & s mov+ "u  
^? diff]5t skies to an altoge!r diff]5t 
de/9y4  ,!re foll[s a curi\s developm5t 
( ?is to anyone cle>ly impress$ by !    
uniqu5ess & ! unique significance (     
individualities4 ,races are no h>d & fa/
 ?+s1 no cr[d ( id5tically simil>       

p]sons1 b mass$ sub-races1 & tribes &   
families1 ea* aft] its k9d unique1 & ^! 
aga9 are clu/]+s ( /ill small] uniques &
 s d[n to ea* sev]al p]son4 ,s t our    
fir/ conv5tion works out to ?is1 t n    
only is e e>?ly m\nta91 riv]1 plant1 &  
bea/ 9 t p>allel planet beyond ,sirius  
also1 b e man1 woman1 & *ild alive has a
 ,utopian p>allel4 ,f n[ onw>d1 ( c\rse1
 ! fates ( ^! two planets w div]ge1 m5 w
 die "h :om wisdom w save !re1 & p]haps 
conv]sely "h we %all save m52 *ildr5 w  
be born to !m & n to u1 to u & n to !m1 
b ?is1 ?is mom5t ( read+1 is ! />t+     
mom5t1 & = ! fir/ & la/ occasion !      
populations ( our planets are abrea/4   
,we mu/ 9 ^! days make "s su*           
supposition4 ,! alt]native is a ,utopia 
( dolls 9 ! lik5ess ( angels--imag9>y   
laws to fit incr$ible p1 an unattractive
 und]tak+4  ,= example1 we mu/ assume   
!re is a man su* z ,i might h be51 bett]
 in=m$1 bett] discipl9$1 bett] employ$1 
?9n] & m active--& ,i wond] :at he is   
do+6--& y1 ,sir or ,madam1 are 9        

duplicate also1 & all ! m5 & wom5 t y "k
 & ,i4 ,i d\bt if we %all meet our      
d\bles1 or if x w\ld be pleasant = u to 
d s2 b z we come d[n f ^! lonely m\nta9s
 to ! roads & h\ses & liv+ places ( !   
,utopian _w-/ate1 we %all c]ta9ly f9d1  
"h & !re1 faces t w rem9d u s+ul>ly ( ^?
 :o h liv$ "u our eyes4  ,!re are "s y  
nev] wi% to meet aga91 y say1 & "s1 ,i  
ga!r1 y d4 ,& ,"o----6  ,x is /range1 b 
?is figure ( ! botani/ w n keep 9 place4
 ,x sprang up betwe5 u1 de> read]1 z a  
pass+ illu/rative inv5tion4 ,i d n "k   
:at put him into my head1 & = ! mom5t1 x
 fell 9 ) my hum\r = a space to foi/ !  
man's p]sonality ^u y z y\rs & call y   
sci5tific--t mo/ abusive ^w4 ,b "h he   
is1 indisputably1 ) me 9 ,utopia1 &     
laps+ f our high speculative !me into   
halt+ b intimate confid5ces4 ,he decl>es
 he has n come to ,utopia to meet aga9 )
 8 sorr[s4  ,:at sorr[s8  ,i prote/1 ev5
 w>mly1 t nei!r he nor 8 sorr[s 7 9 my  
int5tion4  ,he is a man1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 ( 
?irty-n9e1 a man ^: life has be5 nei!r  

trag$y nor a joy\s adv5ture1 a man ) "o 
( ^? faces t h ga9$ int]e/ r ?an =ce or 
nobility f _! comm]ce ) life4 ,he is    
some?+ ref9$1 ) "s k1 p]haps1 ( ! m9or  
pa9s & all ! civil self-controls2 he has
 read m ?an he has suff]$1 & suff]$ r   
?an done4 ,he reg>ds me ) 8 blue-grey   
eye1 f :i* all int]e/ 9 ?is ,utopia has 
fad$4  ,x is a tr\ble1 he says1 t has   
come into my life only = a mon? or s--at
 lea/ acutely aga94 ,i ?\ght x 0 all    
ov]4 ,!re 0 someone----  ,x is an amaz+ 
/ory to he> ^u a m\nta9 cre/ 9 ,utopia1 
?is ,hamp/ead affair1 ?is /ory ( a      
,frognal he>t4 ,frognal1 he says1 is !  
place :]e !y met1 & x summons to my     
memory ! ^w on a bo>d at ! corn] ( a    
fl9t-dress$ new road1 an e/ate          
developm5t road1 ) a vi/a ( villas up a 
hill4 ,he _h kn[n h] be=e he got 8      
pr(essor%ip1 & nei!r h] p nor 8--he     
speaks t dete/able middle-class dialect 
9 :i* aunts & ?+s ) money & ! "r (      
int]v5tion are call$ p6--approv$ ( !    
affair4 ,%e 01 ,i ?9k1 r easily sway$1  

he says4 ,b t's n fair to h]1 p]haps4   
,%e ?\ght too mu* ( o!rs4 ,if !y seem$  
di/ress$1 or if !y seem$ to ?9k a c\rse 
"r---- 444  ,h ,i come to ,utopia to he>
 ?is sort ( ?+8   ,section #g  ,x is    
necess>y to turn ! botani/'s ?\ghts into
 a wor?i] *annel4 ,x is necess>y to     
ov]ride ^! mode/ regrets1 ?is intrusive1
 petty love /ory4 ,does he realise ?is  
is inde$ ,utopia8 ,turn y\r m9d1 ,i     
insi/1 to ?is ,utopia ( m9e1 & leave ^! 
e>?ly tr\bles to _! prop] planet4 ,d y  
realise j :]e ! propositions necess>y to
 a mod]n ,utopia are tak+ u8 ,ev]yone on
 e>? w h to be "h2--!mselves1 b ) a     
diff]5ce4 ,some:]e "h 9 ?is _w is1 =    
example1 ,mr4 ,*amb]la91 & ! ,k+ is "h  
7no d\bt incognito71 & all ! ,royal     
,academy1 & ,s&[1 & ,mr4 ,arnold ,:ite4 
,b ^! fam\s names d n appeal to him4    
,my m9d goes f ?is prom95t & typical    
p]sonage to t1 & = a "t ,i =get my      
companion4 ,i am di/ract$ by ! curi\s   
side issues ?is g5]al proposition trails
 aft] x4 ,!re w be s-&-s1 & s-&-s4 ,! "n

 & figure ( ,mr4 ,roosevelt j]ks into   
focus1 & oblit]ates an attempt to       
acclimatise ! ,emp]or ( ! ,g]mans4 ,:at1
 = in/ance1 w ,utopia d ) ,mr4          
,roosevelt8 ,!re drifts across my inn]  
vision ! image ( a /r5u\s /ruggle )     
,utopian con/ables1 ! voice t has ?rill$
 t]re/rial millions 9 eloqu5t prote/4 ,!
 writ ( arre/1 drift+ loose 9 !         
conflict1 comes to my feet2 ,i impale ! 
scrap ( pap]1 & read--b c x             
be8--attempt$ disorganisation8 444      
incitem5ts to dis>range8 444 ! balance (
 population8  ,! tr5d ( my logic = once 
has l$ u into a faceti\s alley4 ,"o     
might inde$ keep 9 ?is key1 & write an  
agreeable little ,utopia1 t l ! holy    
families ( ! m$iaeval arti/s 7or ,mi*ael
 ,angelo's ,la/ ,judgem5t7 %\ld         
complim5t "o's fri5ds 9 v>i\s degrees4  
,or "o might emb>k ^u a speculative     
treatm5t ( ! entire ,almana* de ,go?a1  
some?+ on ! l9es ( ,epi/emon's vision ( 
! damn$ great1 :5    ,x]xes 0 a cri] (  
mu/>d4    ,romulus 0 a salt] & a pat*] (

 patt]ns4444  ,t incomp>able catalogue6 
,t incomp>able catalogue6 ,inspir$ by ! 
,muse ( ,p>ody1 we might g on to ! pages
 ( ,:o's ,:o1 & ev51 ) an eye to !      
obdurate republic1 to ,:o's ,:o 9       
,am]ica1 & make ! mo/ delightful &      
ext5sive arrangem5ts4 ,n[ :]e %all we   
put ?is mo/ excell5t man8 ,& ?is8 444   
,b1 inde$1 x is d\btful if we %all meet 
any ( ^! d\bles dur+ our ,utopian       
j\rney1 or "k !m :5 we meet !m4 ,i d\bt 
if anyone w be mak+ ! be/ ( bo? ^!      
worlds4 ,! great m5 9 ?is /ill unexplor$
 ,utopia may be b village ,hampd5s 9 our
 own1 & e>?ly goa!rds & obscure         
illit]ates sit "h 9 ! seats ( ! mighty4 
,t aga9 op5s agreeable vi/as left ( u & 
"r4  ,b my botani/ obtrudes 8 p]sonality
 aga94 ,8 ?\ghts h travell$ by a diff]5t
 r\te4  ,i "k1 he says1 t %e w be happi]
 "h1 & t !y w value h] bett] ?an %e has 
be5 valu$ ^u e>?4  ,8 int]ruption s]ves 
to turn me back f my mom5t>y            
contemplation ( ^? popul> effigies      
inflat$ by old newspap]s & w9dy report1 

! e>?ly great4 ,he sets me ?9k+ ( m     
p]sonal & intimate applications1 ( !    
human be+s "o kn[s ) a c]ta9            
approximation to real k1 ( ! actual     
common sub/ance ( life4 ,he turns me to 
! ?\ght ( rivalries & t5d]nesses1 (     
diff]5ces & disappo9tm5ts4 ,i am sudd5ly
 br\ght pa9fully aga9/ ! ?+s t might h  
be54 ,:at if in/ead ( t ,utopia ( vacant
 ovals we meet rel9qui%$ loves "h1 &    
opportunities lo/ & faces z !y might h  
look$ to u8  ,i turn to my botani/ almo/
 reprov+ly4 ,y "k1 %e won't be q ! same 
lady "h t y knew 9 ,frognal1 ,i say1 &  
wre/ myself f a subject t is no long]   
agreeable by ris+ to my feet4  ,&       
besides1 ,i say1 /&+ above him1 ! *ances
 aga9/ our meet+ h] are a million to    
"o4444 ,& we loit]6 ,?is is n ! bus9ess 
we h come ^u1 b a m]e incid5tal k9k 9   
our l>g] plan4 ,! fact rema9s1 ^! p we h
 come to see are p ) l infirmities to   
our own--& only ! conditions are *ang$4 
,let u pursue ! t5\r ( our inquiry4  ,) 
t ,i lead ! way r\nd ! edge ( ! ,lake ( 

,luc5dro t[>ds our ,utopian _w4  7,y    
figure him do+ x47  ,d[n ! m\nta9 we    
%all g & d[n ! passes1 & z ! valleys op5
 ! _w w op51 ,utopia1 :]e m5 & wom5 are 
happy & laws are wise1 & :]e all t is   
tangl$ & confus$ 9 human affairs has be5
 unravell$ & made "r4    ,,*apt] ,,!    
,,second  ,conc]n+ ,fre$oms   ,section  
#a  ,n[ :at sort ( "q w\ld fir/ occur to
 two m5 desc5d+ ^u ! planet ( a ,mod]n  
,utopia8 ,probably grave solicitude ab\t
 _! p]sonal fre$om4 ,t[>ds ! ,/rang]1 z 
,i h already rem>k$1 ! ,utopias ( ! pa/ 
display$ _! lea/ amiable aspect4 ,w\ld  
?is new sort ( ,utopian ,/ate1 spread to
 ! dim5sions ( a _w1 be any less =bidd+8
  ,we %\ld take com=t 9 ! ?\ght t       
univ]sal ,tol]ation is c]ta9ly a mod]n  
idea1 & x is ^u mod]n ideas t ?is ,_w   
,/ate re/s4 ,b ev5 suppose we are       
tol]at$ & admitt$ to ?is unavoidable    
citiz5%ip1 !re w /ill rema9 a wide range
 ( possibility4444 ,i ?9k we %\ld try to
 "w ! problem out f an inquiry into fir/
 pr9ciples1 & t we %\ld foll[ ! tr5d (  

our "t & k9d by tak+ up ! "q z "o ( ,man
 v]sus ! ,/ate1 & discuss+ ! compromise 
( ,lib]ty4  ,! idea ( individual lib]ty 
is "o t has gr[n 9 importance & gr[s ) e
 developm5t ( mod]n ?\ght4 ,to !        
classical ,utopi/s fre$om 0 relatively  
trivial4 ,cle>ly !y consid]$ virtue &   
happ9ess z entirely sep>able f lib]ty1 &
 z be+ altoge!r m important ?+s4 ,b !   
mod]n view1 ) its deep5+ insi/5ce ^u    
individuality & ^u ! significance ( its 
uniqu5ess1 /eadily int5sifies ! value ( 
fre$om1 until at la/ we beg9 to see     
lib]ty z ! v sub/ance ( life1 t inde$ x 
is life1 & t only ! dead ?+s1 !         
*oiceless ?+s1 live 9 absolute ob$i5ce  
to law4 ,to h free play = "o's          
individuality is1 9 ! mod]n view1 !     
subjective triumph ( exi/5ce1 z survival
 9 creative "w & (fspr+ is its objective
 triumph4 ,b = all m51 s9ce man is a    
social creature1 ! play ( w mu/ fall    
%ort ( absolute fre$om4 ,p]fect human   
lib]ty is possible only to a despot :o  
is absolutely & univ]sally obey$4 ,!n to

 w w\ld be to comm& & a*ieve1 & )9 !    
limits ( natural law we c\ld at any     
mom5t d exactly z x pleas$ u to d4 ,all 
o!r lib]ty is a compromise betwe5 our   
own fre$om ( w & ! wills ( ^? ) :om we  
come 9 contact4 ,9 an organis$ /ate ea* 
"o ( u has a m or less elaborate code ( 
:at he may d to o!rs & to himself1 & :at
 o!rs may d to him4 ,he limits o!rs by 8
 rights1 & is limit$ by ! rights ( o!rs1
 & by consid]ations affect+ ! welf>e ( !
 community z a :ole4  ,individual lib]ty
 9 a community is n1 z ma!maticians w\ld
 say1 always ( ! same sign4 ,to ignore  
?is is ! ess5tial fallacy ( ! cult call$
 ,individualism4 ,b 9 tru?1 a g5]al     
prohibition 9 a /ate may increase ! sum 
( lib]ty1 & a g5]al p]mission may dim9i%
 x4 ,x does n foll[1 z ^! p w\ld h u    
believe1 t a man is m free :]e !re is   
lea/ law & m re/rict$ :]e !re is mo/    
law4 ,a socialism or a communism is n   
necess>ily a slav]y1 & !re is no fre$om 
"u ,an>*y4 ,consid] h[ mu* lib]ty we ga9
 by ! loss ( ! common lib]ty to kill4   

,!reby "o may g to & fro 9 all ! ord]$  
p>ts ( ! e>?1 un5cumb]$ by arms or      
arm\r1 free ( ! fe> ( playful poison1   
:imsical b>b]s1 or hotel trap-doors4    
,inde$1 x means fre$om f a ?\s& fe>s &  
precautions4 ,suppose !re exi/$ ev5 !   
limit$ fre$om to kill 9 v5detta1 & ?9k  
:at w\ld happ5 9 our suburbs4 ,consid] !
 inconv5i5ce ( two h\seholds 9 a mod]n  
suburb e/rang$ & provid$ ) mod]n weapons
 ( precision1 ! inconv5i5ce n only to   
ea* o!r1 b to ! neutral p$e/rian1 !     
practical loss ( fre$oms all ab\t !m4 ,!
 but*]1 if he came at all1 w\ld h to    
come r\nd 9 an arm\r$ c>t4444  ,x       
foll[s1 !re=e1 9 a mod]n ,utopia1 :i*   
f9ds ! f9al hope ( ! _w 9 ! evolv+      
int]play ( unique individualities1 t !  
,/ate w h effectually *ipp$ away j all  
^? sp5d?rift lib]ties t wa/e lib]ty1 & n
 "o lib]ty m1 & s h atta9$ ! maximum    
g5]al fre$om4  ,!re are two di/9ct &    
contra/+ me?ods ( limit+ lib]ty2 ! fir/ 
is ,prohibition1 ?\ %alt n1 & ! second  
,comm&1 ?\ %alt4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a sort 

( prohibition t takes ! =m ( a          
conditional comm&1 & ?is "o ne$s to be> 
9 m9d4 ,x says if y d s-&-s1 y mu/ also 
d s-&-s2 if1 = example1 y g to sea ) m5 
y employ1 y mu/ g 9 a seawor?y vessel4  
,b ! pure comm& is unconditional2 x     
says1 :atev] y h done or are do+ or want
 to d1 y are to d ?is1 z :5 ! social    
sy/em1 work+ ?r\gh ! base necessities ( 
base p>5ts & bad laws1 s5ds a *ild (    
?irte5 into a factory4 ,prohibition     
takes "o def9ite ?+ f ! indef9ite lib]ty
 ( a man1 b x /ill leaves him an unb\nd$
 *oice ( actions4 ,he rema9s free1 & y h
 m]ely tak5 a bucketful f ! sea ( 8     
fre$om4 ,b compulsion de/roys fre$om    
altoge!r4 ,9 ?is ,utopia ( ours !re may 
be _m prohibitions1 b no indirect       
compulsions--if "o may s contrive x--&  
few or no comm&s4 ,z f> z ,i see x n[1 9
 ?is pres5t discussion1 ,i ?9k1 inde$1  
!re %\ld be no positive compulsions at  
all 9 ,utopia1 at any rate = ! adult    
,utopian--unless !y fall ^u him z       
p5alties incurr$4   ,section #b  ,:at   

prohibitions %\ld we be "u1 we two      
,uitl&]s 9 ?is ,utopian _w8 ,we %\ld    
c]ta9ly n be free to kill1 assault1 or  
?reat5 anyone we met1 & 9 t we e>?-tra9$
 m5 w\ld n be likely to (f5d4 ,& until  
we knew m exactly ! ,utopian idea (     
prop]ty we %\ld be v *>y ( t\*+ any?+ t 
might conceivably be appropriat$4 ,if x 
0 n ! prop]ty ( individuals x might be !
 prop]ty ( ! ,/ate4 ,b beyond t we might
 h our d\bts4 ,are we "r 9 we>+ ! /range
 co/umes we d1 9 *oos+ ! pa? t pleases u
 a?w>t ?is rock & turf1 9 com+ /rid+ )  
unfumigat$ rucksacks & sn[-wet hobnails 
into :at is conceivably an extremely    
neat & ord]ly _w8 ,we h pass$ our fir/  
,utopian n[1 ) an answ]$ vague ge/ure1 &
 h not$1 ) secret satisfaction1 !re is  
no access ( dismay2 we h r\nd$ a b5d1 & 
d[n ! valley 9 ! di/ance we get a       
glimpse ( :at appe>s to be a s+ul>ly    
well-kept road4444  ,i submit t to !    
mod]n m9d$ man x c be no sort ( ,utopia 
wor? desir+ t does n give ! utmo/ fre$om
 ( go+ to & fro4 ,free movem5t is to _m 

p "o ( ! greate/ ( life's privileges--to
 g :]ev] ! _s moves !m1 to w&] & see--& 
?\gh !y h e com=t1 e security1 e virtu\s
 discipl9e1 !y w /ill be unhappy if t is
 d5i$ !m4 ,%ort ( damage to ?+s *]i%$ & 
made1 ! ,utopians w surely h ?is "r1 s  
we may expect no unclimbable walls &    
f5ces1 nor ! discov]y ( any laws we may 
transgress 9 com+ d[n ^! m\nta9 places4 
,& yet1 j z civil lib]ty itself is a    
compromise def5d$ by prohibitions1 s ?is
 p>ticul> sort ( lib]ty mu/ also h its  
qualifications4 ,c>ri$ to ! absolute    
pit* ! "r ( free movem5t ceases to be   
di/+ui%able f ! "r ( free intrusion4 ,we
 h already1 9 a comm5t on ,m's ,utopia1 
h9t$ at an agreem5t ) ,ari/otle's       
argum5t aga9/ communism1 t x fl+s p into
 an intol]able cont9uity ( contact4     
,s*op5hau] c>ri$ out ,ari/otle 9 ! ve9 (
 8 own bitt]ness & ) ! true/ ( images :5
 he lik5$ human society to h$gehogs     
clu/]+ = w>m?1 & unhappy :5 ei!r too    
closely pack$ or too widely sep>at$4    
,emp$ocles f\nd no significance 9 life  

:atev] except z an un/eady play ( love &
 hate1 ( attraction & repulsion1 (      
assimilation & ! ass]tion ( diff]5ce4 ,s
 long z we ignore diff]5ce1 s long z we 
ignore individuality1 & t ,i hold has   
be5 ! common s9 ( all ,utopias hi!rto1  
we c make absolute /atem5ts1 prescribe  
communisms or individualisms1 & all     
sorts ( h>d !oretic arrangem5ts4 ,b 9 ! 
_w ( reality1 :i*--to mod]nise          
,h]aclitus & ,emp$ocles--is no?+ m nor  
less ?an ! _w ( individuality1 !re are  
no absolute rights & wrongs1 !re are no 
qualitative que/ions at all1 b only     
quantitative adju/m5ts4 ,equally /rong 9
 ! normal civilis$ man is ! desire =    
fre$om ( movem5t & ! desire = a c]ta9   
privacy1 = a corn] def9itely 81 & we h  
to consid] :]e ! l9e ( reconciliation   
comes4  ,! desire = absolute p]sonal    
privacy is p]haps nev] a v /rong or     
p]si/5t crav+4 ,9 ! great majority (    
human be+s1 ! greg>i\s in/9ct is        
suffici5tly p[]ful to r5d] any b ! mo/  
tempor>y isolations n simply            

disagreeable1 b pa9ful4 ,! savage has   
all ! privacy he ne$s )9 ! compass ( 8  
skull2 l dogs & timid wom51 he pref]s   
ill-treatm5t to des]tion1 & x is only a 
sc>ce & complex mod]n type t f9ds com=t 
& refre%m5t 9 q lonely places & q       
solit>y occupations4 ,yet su* !re are1  
m5 :o c nei!r sleep well nor ?9k well1  
nor atta9 to a full p]ception (         
beautiful objects1 :o d n sav\r ! be/ ( 
exi/5ce until !y are securely alone1 & =
 ! sake ( ^! ev5 x w\ld be reasonable to
 draw "s limits to ! g5]al "r ( free    
movem5t4 ,b _! p>ticul> ne$ is only a   
special & exceptional aspect ( an almo/ 
univ]sal claim to privacy among mod]n p1
 n s mu* = ! sake ( isolation z =       
cong5ial companion%ip4 ,we want to g    
ap>t f ! great cr[d1 n s mu* to be alone
 z to be ) ^? :o appeal to u p>ticul>ly 
& to :om we p>ticul>ly appeal2 we want  
to =m h\seholds & societies ) !m1 to    
give our individualities play 9         
int]c\rse ) !m1 & 9 ! appo9tm5ts &      
furni%+s ( t int]c\rse4 ,we want g>d5s &

 enclosures & exclusive fre$oms = our l 
& our *oice1 j z spaci\s z we c get     
!m--& x is only ! multitud9\s           
uncong5ial1 anxi\s also = simil>        
developm5ts 9 "s opposite direction1 t  
*ecks ?is expansive movem5t ( p]sonal   
selection & necessitates a compromise on
 privacy4  ,glanc+ back f our ,utopian  
m\nta9 side d[n :i* ?is disc\rse m>*es1 
to ! confusions ( old e>?1 we may rem>k 
t ! ne$ & desire = privacies !re is     
exceptionally great at ! pres5t "t1 t x 
0 less 9 ! pa/1 t 9 ! future x may be   
less aga91 & t "u ! ,utopian conditions 
to :i* we %all come :5 pres5tly we /rike
 yond] road1 x may be r$uc$ to q        
manageable dim5sions4 ,b ?is is to be   
effect$ n by ! suppression (            
individualities to "s common patt]n1    
,footnote3 ,m's ,utopia4 ,:oso w may g  
91 = !re is no?+ )9 ! h\ses t is private
 or anie man's owne4 b by ! broad5+ (   
public *>ity & ! g5]al amelioration (   
m9d & mann]s4 ,x is n by assimilation1 t
 is to say1 b by und]/&+ t ! mod]n      

,utopia a*ieves itself4 ,! ideal        
community ( man's pa/ 0 "o ) a common   
belief1 ) common cu/oms & common        
c]emonies1 common mann]s & common       
=mulae2 m5 ( ! same society dress$ 9 !  
same fa%ion1 ea* accord+ to 8 def9$ &   
und]/ood grade1 behav$ 9 ! same fa%ion1 
lov$1 wor%ipp$1 & di$ 9 ! same fa%ion4  
,!y did or felt little t did n f9d a    
sympa!tic publicity4 ,! natural         
disposition ( all peoples1 :ite1 black1 
or br[n1 a natural disposition t        
education seeks to de/roy1 is to insi/  
^u uni=mity1 to make publicity extremely
 unsympa!tic to ev5 ! mo/ h>mless       
dep>tures f ! code4 ,to be dress$ odd1  
to behave oddly1 to eat 9 a diff]5t     
mann] or ( diff]5t food1 to commit1     
inde$1 any brea* ( ! e/abli%$ conv5tion 
is to give (f5ce & to incur ho/ility    
among unsophi/icat$ m54 ,b ! disposition
 ( ! m orig9al & ent]pris+ m9ds at all  
times has be5 to make su* innovations4  
,?is is p>ticul>ly 9 evid5ce 9 ?is      
pres5t age4 ,! almo/ cataclysmal        

developm5t ( new ma*9]y1 ! discov]y (   
new mat]ials1 & ! appe>ance ( new social
 possibilities ?r\gh ! organis$ pursuit 
( mat]ial sci5ce1 has giv5 enorm\s &    
unprec$5t$ facilities to ! _s (         
innovation4 ,! old local ord] has be5   
brok5 up or is n[ be+ brok5 up all ov] !
 e>?1 & ev]y:]e societies deliquesce1   
ev]y:]e m5 are afloat amid/ ! wreckage (
 _! flood$ conv5tions1 & /ill trem5d\sly
 unaw>e ( ! ?+ t has happ5$4 ,! old     
local or?odoxies ( behavi\r1 ( prec$5ce1
 ! old accept$ amusem5ts & employm5ts1 !
 old ritual ( conduct 9 ! important     
small ?+s ( ! daily life & ! old ritual 
( ?\ght 9 ! ?+s t make discussion1 are  
sma%$ up & scatt]$ & mix$ discordantly  
toge!r1 "o use ) ano!r1 & no _w-wide    
culture ( tol]ation1 no c\rte\s         
admission ( diff]5ces1 no wid] und]/&+  
has yet replac$ !m4 ,& s publicity 9 !  
mod]n e>? has become confus$ly          
unsympa!tic = ev]yone4 ,classes are     
intol]able to classes & sets to sets1   
contact provokes aggressions1           

comp>isons1 p]secutions & discom=ts1 & !
 subtl] p are excessively torm5t$ by a  
s5se ( obs]vation1 unsympa!tic always & 
(t5 ho/ile4 ,to live )\t "s sort (      
segregation f ! g5]al mass is impossible
 9 exact proportion to "o's individual  
di/9ction4  ,( c\rse ?+s w be v diff]5t 
9 ,utopia4 ,utopia w be saturat$ )      
consid]ation4 ,to u1 clad z we are 9    
m\nta9-soil$ twe$s & ) no money b       
,briti% bank-notes negotiable only at a 
practically inf9ite di/ance1 ?is mu/    
ne$s be a reassur+ induction4 ,&        
,utopian mann]s w n only be tol]ant1 b  
almo/ univ]sally tol]able4 ,endless ?+s 
w be und]/ood p]fectly & univ]sally t on
 e>? are und]/ood only by a scatt]$ few2
 bas5ess ( be>+1 grossness ( mann]1 w be
 ! di/9ctive m>k ( no section ( !       
community :atev]4 ,! co>s] reasons =    
privacy1 !re=e1 w n exi/ "h4 ,& t savage
 sort ( %yness1 too1 t makes s _m       
half-educat$ p on e>? recluse &         
def5sive1 t too ! ,utopians w h escap$  
by _! m lib]al bre$+4 ,9 ! cultivat$    

,/ate we are assum+ x w be ev] s mu*    
easi] = p to eat 9 public1 re/ & amuse  
!mselves 9 public1 & ev5 "w 9 public4   
,our pres5t ne$ = privacy 9 _m ?+s m>ks1
 inde$1 a phase ( transition f an ease 9
 public 9 ! pa/ due to homog5eity1 to an
 ease 9 public 9 ! future due to        
intellig5ce & good bre$+1 & 9 ,utopia t 
transition w be complete4 ,we mu/ be> t 
9 m9d ?r\gh\t ! consid]ation ( ?is "q4  
,yet1 aft] ?is all[ance has be5 made1   
!re /ill rema9s a consid]able claim =   
privacy 9 ,utopia4 ,! room1 or ap>tm5ts1
 or home1 or mansion1 :atev] x may be a 
man or woman ma9ta9s1 mu/ be private1 & 
"u 8 or h] complete dom9ion2 x seems h>%
 & intrusive to =bid a c5tral g>d5 plot 
or p]i/yle1 su* z "o sees 9 ,pompeii1 )9
 ! h\se walls1 & x is almo/ z difficult 
to d5y a little private t]ritory beyond 
! h\se4 ,yet if we conc$e t1 x is cle> t
 )\t "s fur!r provision we conc$e !     
possibility t ! poor] t[nsman 7if !re   
are to be ri* & poor 9 ! _w7 w be =c$ to
 walk ?r\gh endless miles ( high f5c$   

villa g>d5s be=e he may exp& 9 8 little 
scrap ( res]v$ op5 c\ntry4 ,su* is      
already ! poor ,london]'s mis]able      
fate4444 ,our ,utopia w h1 ( c\rse1     
faultless roads & beautifully arrang$   
int]-urban communications1 swift tra9s  
or motor s]vices or :at n1 to diffuse   
its population1 & )\t "s anticipatory   
provisions1 ! prospect ( ! resid5tial   
areas becom+ a va/ area ( def5sively    
wall$ villa ,ed5s is all too possible4  
,?is is a quantitative "q1 be x         
rememb]$1 & n to be dismiss$ by any     
/atem5t ( pr9ciple4 ,our ,utopians w    
meet x1 ,i presume1 by detail$          
regulations1 v probably v>y+ locally )  
local conditions4 ,privacy beyond ! h\se
 might be made a privilege to be paid = 
9 proportion to ! area occupi$1 & ! tax 
on ^! lic5ces ( privacy might increase z
 ! squ>e ( ! area affect$4 ,a maximum   
fraction ( private enclosure = ea* urban
 & suburban squ>e mile c\ld be fix$4 ,a 
di/9ction c\ld be drawn betwe5 an       
absolutely private g>d5 & a g>d5 private

 & clos$ only = a day or a c\ple ( days 
a week1 & at o!r times op5 to !         
well-behav$ public4 ,:o1 9 a really     
civilis$ community1 w\ld grudge t       
measure ( invasion8 ,walls c\ld be tax$ 
by height & l5g?1 & ! enclosure ( really
 natural beauties1 ( rapids1 cascades1  
gorges1 viewpo9ts1 & s =? made          
impossible4 ,s a reasonable compromise  
betwe5 ! vital & conflict+ claims ( !   
fre$om ( movem5t & ! fre$om ( seclusion 
might be atta9$4444  ,& z we argue ?us  
we draw ne>] & ne>] to ! road t goes up 
& ov] ! ,got?>d cre/ & d[n ! ,val       
,tremola t[>ds ,italy4  ,:at sort ( road
 w\ld t be8   ,section #c  ,fre$om (    
movem5t 9 a ,utopia plann$ "u mod]n     
conditions mu/ involve some?+ m ?an     
unre/rict$ p$e/rian w&]+s1 & ! v        
proposition ( a _w-/ate speak+ "o common
 tongue c>ries ) x ! idea ( a _w        
population travell$ & travell+ to an    
ext5t q beyond any?+ our native e>? has 
se54 ,x is n[ our t]re/rial exp]i5ce t  
:5ev] economic & political developm5ts  

set a class free to travel1 t class at  
once beg9s to travel2 9 ,engl&1 =       
example1 above ! five or six hundr$     
p\nds a ye> level1 x is h>d to f9d      
anyone :o is n habitually migratory1 :o 
has n be5 frequ5tly1 z p say1 abroad4 ,9
 ! ,mod]n ,utopia travel mu/ be 9 !     
common texture ( life4 ,to g into fre%  
climates & fre% sc5]y1 to meet a diff]5t
 complexion ( humanity & a diff]5t type 
( home & food & app>atus1 to m>k        
unfamili> trees & plants & fl[]s &      
bea/s1 to climb m\nta9s1 to see ! sn[y  
night ( ! ,nor? & ! blaze ( ! tropical  
midday1 to foll[ great riv]s1 to ta/e   
lonel9ess 9 des]t places1 to trav]se !  
gloom ( tropical =e/s & to cross ! high 
seas1 w be an ess5tial "p ( ! rew>d &   
adv5ture ( life1 ev5 = ! commone/ p4444 
,?is is a bright & pleasant p>ticul> 9  
:i* a mod]n ,utopia mu/ diff] aga91 &   
diff] diametrically1 f its pr$ecessors4 
,we may conclude f :at has be5 done 9   
places ^u our e>? t ! :ole ,utopian _w w
 be op5 & accessible & z safe = ! wayf>]

 z ,france or ,engl& is to-day4 ,! peace
 ( ! _w w be e/abli%$ = ev]1 & ev]y:]e1 
except 9 remote & desolate places1 !re w
 be conv5i5t inns1 at lea/ z conv5i5t & 
tru/wor?y z ^? ( ,switz]l& to-day2 !    
t\r+ clubs & hotel associations t h     
t>iff$ t c\ntry & ,france s effectually 
w h _h _! f9e ,utopian equival5ts1 & !  
:ole _w w be habituat$ to ! com+ & go+ (
 /rang]s4 ,! great] "p ( ! _w w be z    
secure & *eaply & easily accessible to  
ev]yone z is ,z]matt or ,luc]ne to a    
,we/]n ,european ( ! middle-class at !  
pres5t "t4  ,on ?is acc\nt alone no     
places w be s conge/$ z ^! two are n[ on
 e>?4 ,) fre$om to g ev]y:]e1 ) easy    
access ev]y:]e1 ) no dread (            
difficulties ab\t language1 co9age1     
cu/om1 or law1 :y %\ld ev]yone cont9ue  
to g to j a few special places8 ,su*    
conge/ions are m]ely ! measure ( ! g5]al
 inaccessibility & insecurity & co/l9ess
 ( contempor>y life1 an awkw>d          
transitory phase 9 ! fir/ beg9n+s ( !   
travel age ( mank9d4  ,no d\bt !        

,utopian w travel 9 _m ways4 ,x is      
unlikely !re w be any smoke-disgorg+    
/eam railway tra9s 9 ,utopia1 !y are    
already doom$ on e>?1 already ?reat5$ ) 
t obsolesc5ce t w ende> !m to ! ,rusk9s 
( to-morr[1 b a ?9 spid]'s web (        
inconspicu\s special r\tes w cov] ! l& (
 ! _w1 pi]ce ! m\nta9 masses & tunnel "u
 ! seas4 ,^! may be d\ble railways or   
monorails or :at n--we are no eng9e]s to
 judge betwe5 su* devices--b by means ( 
!m ! ,utopian w travel ab\t ! e>? f "o  
*ief po9t to ano!r at a spe$ ( two or   
?ree hundr$ miles or m an h\r4 ,t w     
aboli% ! great] di/ances4444 ,"o figures
 ^! ma9 communications z some?+ aft] !  
mann] ( corridor tra9s1 smoo?-runn+ &   
roomy1 op5 f end to end1 ) c>s 9 :i* "o 
may sit & read1 c>s 9 :i* "o may take   
refre%m5t1 c>s into :i* ! news ( ! day  
comes pr9t+ itself f ! wires beside !   
track2 c>s 9 :i* "o may h privacy &     
sleep if "o is s dispos$1 ba?-room c>s1 
libr>y c>s2 a tra9 z com=table z a good 
club4 ,!re w be no di/9ctions ( class 9 

su* a tra91 because 9 a civilis$ _w !re 
w\ld be no (f5ce betwe5 "o k9d ( man &  
ano!r1 & = ! good ( ! :ole _w su*       
travell+ w be z *eap z x c be1 & well )9
 ! rea* ( any b ! almo/ crim9ally poor4 
,su* great tramways z ?is w be us$ :5 ! 
,utopians wi% to travel fa/ & f>2 !reby 
y w glide all ov] ! l& surface ( !      
planet2 & fe$+ !m & di/ribut+ f !m1     
innum]able m9or sy/ems1 clean little    
electric tramways ,i picture !m1 w      
spread out ov] ! l& 9 f9] reticulations1
 gr[+ close & d5se 9 ! urban regions &  
?9n+ z ! population ?9s4 ,& runn+ beside
 ^! light] railways1 & spread+ beyond _!
 range1 w be ! smoo? m9or high roads su*
 z ?is "o we n[ approa*1 ^u :i*         
indep5d5t vehicles1 motor c>s1 cycles1 &
 :at n1 w g4 ,i d\bt if we %all see any 
horses ^u ?is f9e1 smoo?1 clean road2 ,i
 d\bt if !re w be _m horses on ! high   
roads ( ,utopia1 &1 inde$1 if !y w use  
draught horses at all ^u t planet4 ,:y  
%\ld !y8 ,:]e ! _w gives turf or s&1 or 
along special tracts1 ! horse w p]haps  

be ridd5 = ex]cise & pleasure1 b t w be 
all ! use = him2 & z = ! o!r bea/s (    
bur!n1 on ! remot] m\nta9 tracks ! mule 
w no d\bt /ill be a picturesque         
survival1 9 ! des]t m5 w /ill f9d a use 
= ! camel1 & ! elephant may l+] to play 
a "p 9 ! pageant ( ! ,ea/4 ,b ! bur!n ( 
! m9or traffic1 if n ! :ole ( x1 w      
c]ta9ly be me*anical4 ,?is is :at we    
%all see ev5 :ile ! road is /ill remote1
 swift & %apely motor-c>s go+ pa/1      
cycli/s1 & 9 ^! agreeable m\nta9 regions
 !re w also be p$e/rians ^u _! way4     
,cycle tracks w ab\nd 9 ,utopia1        
sometimes foll[+ beside ! great high    
roads1 b (t5] tak+ _! own m agreeable   
l9e amid/ woods & crops & pa/ures2 & !re
 w be a ri* v>iety ( footpa?s & m9or    
ways4 ,!re w be _m footpa?s 9 ,utopia4  
,!re w be pleasant ways ov] ! sc5t$     
ne$les ( ! m\nta9 p9ewoods1             
primrose-/rewn tracks amid/ ! budd+     
?ickets ( ! l[] c\ntry1 pa?s runn+      
beside ru%+ /reams1 pa?s across ! wide  
spaces ( ! corn l&1 &1 above all1 pa?s  

?r\gh ! fl[]y g>d5 spaces amid/ :i* !   
h\ses 9 ! t[ns w /&4 ,& ev]y:]e ab\t !  
_w1 on road & pa?1 by sea & l&1 ! happy 
holiday ,utopians w g4  ,! population ( 
,utopia w be a migratory population     
beyond any e>?ly prec$5t1 n simply a    
travell+ population1 b migratory4 ,! old
 ,utopias 7 all localis$1 z localis$ z a
 p>i% c\ncillor2 b x is manife/ t       
n[adays ev5 q ord9>y p live ov] areas t 
w\ld h made a k+dom 9 ^? =m] days1 w\ld 
h fill$ ! ,a!nian ( ! ,laws ) incr$ul\s 
a/oni%m5t4 ,except = ! habits ( ! v ri* 
dur+ ! ,roman ,empire1 !re 0 nev] !     
slighte/ prec$5t = ?is mod]n deta*m5t f 
place4 ,x is no?+ to u t we g eighty or 
n9ety miles f home to place ( bus9ess1  
or take an h\r's sp9 ( fifty miles to   
our week-end golf2 e summ] x has become 
a fix$ cu/om to travel wide & f>4 ,only 
! clums9ess ( communications limit u n[1
 & e facilitation ( locomotion wid5s n  
only our pot5tial1 b our habitual range4
 ,n only ?is1 b we *ange our habitations
 ) a gr[+ frequ5cy & facility2 to ,sir  

,?omas ,m we %\ld seem a bre$ ( nomads4 
,t old fixity 0 ( necessity & n ( *oice1
 x 0 a m]e phase 9 ! developm5t (       
civilisation1 a trick ( root+ man le>nt 
= a "t f 8 new-f\nd fri5ds1 ! corn & !  
v9e & ! he>?2 ! untam$ _s ( ! "y has    
turn$ = ev] to w&]+ & ! sea4 ,! s\l (   
man has nev] yet 9 any l& be5 will+ly   
adscript to ! glebe4 ,ev5 ,mr4 ,belloc1 
:o prea*es ! happ9ess ( a peasant       
propriet>y1 is s mu* wis] ?an 8 ?\ghts t
 he sails ab\t ! seas 9 a little ya*t or
 goes afoot f ,belgium to ,rome4 ,we are
 w9n+ our fre$om aga9 once m1 a fre$om  
r5ew$ & enl>g$1 & !re is n[ nei!r       
necessity nor advantage 9 a p]man5t life
 s]vitude to ?is place or t4 ,m5 may    
settle d[n 9 our ,mod]n ,utopia = love &
 ! family at la/1 b fir/ & mo/          
abundantly !y w see ! _w4  ,& ) ?is     
loos5+ ( ! fett]s ( locality f ! feet ( 
m51 necess>ily !re w be all sorts ( fre%
 di/ributions ( ! factors ( life4 ,on   
our own poor haphaz>d e>?1 :]ev] m5 "w1 
:]ev] !re are ?+s to be gr[n1 m9]als to 

be won1 p[] to be us$1 !re1 reg>dless ( 
all ! joys & dec5cies ( life1 !         
h\seholds ne$s mu/ clu/]4 ,b 9 ,utopia  
!re w be wide /ret*es ( *e]less or      
unheal?y or toilsome or dang]\s l& )    
nev] a h\sehold2 !re w be regions ( m9+ 
& smelt+1 black ) ! smoke ( furnaces &  
ga%$ & desolat$ by m9es1 ) a sort (     
weird inhospitable gr&eur ( indu/rial   
desolation1 & ! m5 w come ?i!r & "w = a 
spell & return to civilisation aga91    
wa%+ & *ang+ _! attire 9 ! swift glid+  
tra94 ,& by way ( comp5sation !re w be  
beautiful regions ( ! e>? specially set 
ap>t & fav\r$ = *ildr52 9 !m ! pres5ce (
 *ildr5 w remit taxation1 :ile 9 o!r    
less :olesome places ! pres5ce ( *ildr5 
w be tax$2 ! l[] passes & =e hills ( ^! 
v ,alps1 = example1 w be popul\s )      
homes1 s]v+ ! va/ arable levels ( ,upp] 
,italy4  ,s we %all see1 z we come d[n  
by our little lake 9 ! lap ( ,luc5dro1 &
 ev5 be=e we rea* ! road1 ! fir/ scatt]$
 *alets & h\seholds 9 :i* ^! migrant p  
live1 ! upp] summ] homes4 ,) ! com+ (   

summ]1 z ! sn[s on ! high ,alps rec$e1 a
 tide ( h\seholds & s*ools1 tea*]s &    
doctors1 & all su* att5dant s]vices w   
fl[ up ! m\nta9 masses1 & ebb aga9 :5 ! 
,septemb] sn[s return4 ,x is ess5tial to
 ! mod]n ideal ( life t ! p]iod (       
education & gr[? %\ld be prolong$ to z  
late a p]iod z possible & pub]ty        
correspond+ly ret>d$1 & by wise         
regulation ! /atesm5 ( ,utopia w        
con/antly adju/ & readju/ regulations & 
taxation to dim9i% ! proportion ( *ildr5
 re>$ 9 hot & /imulat+ conditions4 ,^!  
high m\nta9s w1 9 ! bright sweet summ]1 
be popul\s ) y\?4 ,ev5 up t[>ds ?is high
 place :]e ! sn[ is sc>ce gone until    
,july1 ^! h\seholds w ext5d1 & bel[1 !  
:ole long valley ( ,urs]5 w be a scatt]$
 summ] t[n4  ,"o figures "o ( ! m urban 
highways1 "o ( ^? along :i* ! light     
railways ( ! second ord] run1 su* z t 9 
! valley ( ,urs]51 into :i* we %\ld     
pres5tly come4 ,i figure x z "o w\ld see
 x at night1 a b& a hundr$ y>ds p]haps 9
 wid?1 ! footpa? on ei!r side %ad$ )    

high trees & lit s(tly ) orange         
gl[lights2 :ile d[n ! c5tre ! tramway ( 
! road w g1 ) sometimes a nocturnal     
tram-c> glid+1 lit & gay b almo/        
noiselessly1 pa/4 ,lant]n-lit cycli/s w 
flit along ! track l fireflies1 & ev] & 
aga9 "s humm+ motor-c> w hurry by1 to or
 f ! ,rhonel& or ! ,rh9el& or ,switz]l& 
or ,italy4 ,away on ei!r side ! lights (
 ! little c\ntry homes up ! m\nta9      
slopes w gl[4  ,i figure x at night1    
because s x is we %\ld see x fir/4  ,we 
%\ld come out f our m\nta9 valley into !
 m9or road t runs d[n ! lonely rock     
wild]ness ( ! ,san ,got?>d ,pass1 we    
%\ld desc5d t n9e miles ( w9d+ r\te1 & s
 arrive t[>ds twilight among ! clu/]+   
homes & upl& un5clos$ g>d5s ( ,realp &  
,hosp5?al & ,&]matt4 ,betwe5 ,realp &   
,&]matt1 & d[n ! ,s*oell55 gorge1 !     
great] road w\ld run4 ,by ! "t we rea*$ 
x1 we %\ld be 9 ! way ( und]/&+ our     
adv5ture a little bett]4 ,we %\ld "k    
already1 :5 we saw ^? two famili> clu/]s
 ( *alets & hotels replac$ by a great   

disp]s$ multitude ( h\ses--we %\ld see  
_! w9d[ lights1 b little else--t we 7 ! 
victims ( "s /range transition 9 space  
or "t1 & we %\ld come d[n by dimly-se5  
build+s into ! "p t w\ld answ] to       
,hosp5?al1 wond]+ & p]haps a little     
afraid4 ,we %\ld come out into ?is great
 ma9 roadway--?is roadway l an urban    
av5ue--& look up x & d[n1 hesitat+ :e!r 
to g along ! valley ,furka-w>d1 or d[n  
by ,&]matt ?r\gh ! gorge t leads to     
,gos*554444  ,p w\ld pass u 9 !         
twilight1 & !n m p2 we %\ld see !y walk$
 well & wore a graceful1 unfamili>      
dress1 b m we %\ld n di/+ui%4           
,good-night6 !y w\ld say to u 9 cle>1   
f9e voices4 ,_! dim faces w\ld turn ) a 
pass+ scrut9y t[>ds u4  ,we %\ld answ]  
out ( our p]plexity3 ,good-night6--= by 
! conv5tions e/abli%$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is  
book1 we are giv5 ! fre$om ( _! tongue4 
,section #d  ,7 ?is a /ory1 ,i %\ld tell
 at l5g? h[ mu* we 7 help$ by ! good    
=tune ( pick+ up a ,utopian co9 ( gold1 
h[ at la/ we adv5tur$ into ! ,utopian   

inn & f\nd x all m>vell\sly easy4 ,y see
 u ! %ye/ & mo/ wat*ful ( gue/s2 b ( !  
food !y put be=e u & ! furni%+s ( !     
h\se1 & all our ent]ta9m5t1 x w be bett]
 to speak lat]4 ,we are 9 a migratory   
_w1 we "k1 "o greatly accu/om$ to       
=eign]s2 our m\nta9 clo!s are n /range  
en\gh to attract acute att5tion1 ?\gh   
ill-made & %abby1 no d\bt1 by ,utopian  
/&>ds2 we are dealt ) z we might be/ wi%
 to be dealt )1 t is to say z r untidy1 
inconspicu\s m54 ,we look ab\t u & wat* 
= h9ts & examples1 &1 inde$1 get ?r\gh )
 ! ?+4 ,& aft] our que]1 yet n          
unpleasant1 d9n]1 9 :i* we rem>k no meat
 figures1 we g out ( ! h\se = a brea? ( 
air & = quiet c\nsel "o ) ano!r1 & !re x
 is we discov] ^? /range con/ellations  
ov]head4 ,x comes to u !n1 cle> & full1 
t our imag9ation has realis$ itself2 we 
dismiss q f9ally a ,rip-,van-,w9kle     
fancy we h ent]ta9$1 all !              
unfamili>ities ( our desc5t f ! m\nta9  
pass ga!r toge!r into "o fullness (     
conviction1 & we "k1 we "k1 we are 9    

,utopia4  ,we w&] "u ! trees by ! ma9   
road1 wat*+ ! dim pass]s-by z ?\gh !y 7 
! phantoms ( a dream4 ,we say little to 
"o ano!r4 ,we turn aside into a little  
pa?way & come to a bridge ov] ! turbul5t
 ,reuss1 hurry+ d[n t[>ds ! ,devil's    
,bridge 9 ! gorge bel[4 ,f> away ov] !  
,furka ridge a pallid gl[ preludes !    
ris+ ( ! moon4  ,two lov]s pass u       
:isp]+1 & we foll[ !m ) our eyes4 ,?is  
,utopia has c]ta9ly pres]v$ ! fundam5tal
 fre$om1 to love4 ,& !n a sweet-voic$   
bell f some:]e high up t[>ds ,ob]alp    
*imes two-&-tw5ty times4  ,i break !    
sil5ce4 ,t might mean t5 o'clock1 ,i    
say4  ,my companion leans ^u ! bridge & 
looks d[n into ! dim riv] bel[4 ,i      
become aw>e ( ! ke5 edge ( ! moon l a   
ne$le ( inc&esc5t silv] creep+ ov] !    
cre/1 & sudd5ly ! riv] is alive )       
fla%es4  ,he speaks1 & a/oni%es me ) !  
hidd5 c\rse 8 ?\ghts h tak54  ,we two 7 
boy & girl lov]s l t1 he says1 & j]ks a 
head at ! rec$+ ,utopians4 ,i lov$ h]   
fir/1 & ,i d n ?9k ,i h ev] ?\ght ( lov+

 anyone b h]4  ,x is a curi\sly human   
?+1 &1 ^u my hon\r1 n "o ,i _h design$1 
t :5 at la/ ,i /& 9 ! twilight 9 ! mid/ 
( a ,utopian t[n%ip1 :5 my :ole be+ %\ld
 be tak5 up ) speculative wond]1 ?is man
 %\ld be /&+ by my side1 & lugg+ my     
att5tion p]si/5tly t[>ds himself1 t[>ds 
8 limit$ futile self4 ,?is ?+ p]petually
 happ5s to me1 ?is intrusion ( some?+   
small & irrelevant & alive1 ^u my great 
impressions4 ,! "t ,i fir/ saw !        
,matt]horn1 t ,que5 among ! ,alp9e      
summits1 ,i 0 di/ract$ beyond           
appreciation by ! tale ( a man :o c\ld n
 eat s>d9es--always s>d9es did ?is ) him
 & t2 & my fir/ w&]+s along ! br[n      
/reets ( ,pompeii1 an exp]i5ce ,i _h    
anticipat$ ) a /range int5sity1 0 %ot ) 
! mo/ /upidly intellig5t disc\rse on    
vehicul> t>iffs 9 ! *ief capitals (     
,europe t x is possible to imag9e4 ,& n[
 ?is man1 on my fir/ night 9 ,utopia1   
talks & talks & talks ( 8 poor little   
love affair4  ,x %apes itself z ! mo/   
trite & feeble ( trag$ies1 "o ( ^?      

/ories ( ef=tless submission to *ance & 
cu/om 9 :i* ,mr4 ,h>dy or ,george ,giss+
 might h f\nd a !me4 ,i d b half li/5 at
 fir/--wat*+ ! black figures 9 ! moonlit
 roadway pac+ to & fro4 ,yet--,i _c     
trace h[ he conveys ! subtle conviction 
to my m9d--! woman he loves is          
beautiful4  ,!y 7 boy & girl toge!r1 &  
aft]w>ds !y met aga9 z fell[ /ud5ts 9 a 
_w ( com=table discretions4 ,he seems to
 h tak5 ! decorums ( life ) a confid+   
good fai?1 to h be5 %y & innoc5t 9 a    
suppress$ sort ( way1 & ( a m5tal type n
 made = worldly successes2 b he mu/ h   
dreamt ab\t h] & lov$ h] well en\gh4 ,h[
 %e felt = him ,i c\ld nev] ga!r2 x     
seem$ to be all ( t fle%less fri5dl9ess 
into :i* we tra9 our girls4 ,!n abruptly
 happ5$ /resses4 ,! man :o became h]    
husb& appe>$1 ) a v evid5t passion4 ,he 
0 a ye> or s old] ?an ei!r ( !m1 & he _h
 ! habit & quality ( a*iev+ 8 ends2 he 0
 already successful1 & ) ! promise (    
weal?1 & ,i1 at lea/1 p]ceiv$1 f my     
botani/'s phras+1 t 8 desire 0 = h]     

beauty4  ,z my botani/ talk$ ,i seem$ to
 see ! :ole little drama1 r cle>] ?an 8 
words gave x me1 ! actors all absurdly 9
 ,hamp/ead middle-class raim5t1 meet+s (
 a ,sunday aft] *ur* 7! m5 9 silk hats1 
frock coats1 & tightly-roll$ umbrellas71
 r>e excursions into ev5+ dress1 !      
decor\sly vulg> fiction read 9 _! homes1
 its ambl+ s5tim5talities ( ?\ght1 !    
amiably worldly mo!rs1 ! respectable    
fa!rs1 ! aunts1 ! p--8 p & h] p--! piano
 music & ! song1 & 9 ?is sett+ our      
fri5d1 q clev] at botany & go+ 9 = x z a
 pr(ession1 & ! girl1 gratuit\sly       
beautiful2 s ,i figur$ ! arrang$ &      
ord]ly environm5t into :i* ?is claw ( an
 elem5tal =ce _h ?ru/ itself to grip4   
,! /rang] :o _h come 9 got :at he want$2
 ! girl consid]$ t %e ?\ght %e _h nev]  
lov$ ! botani/1 _h _h only fri5d%ip =   
him--?\gh little %e knew ( ! mean+ ( ^? 
f9e words--!y p>t$ a little incoh]5tly &
 9 te>s1 & x _h n occurr$ to ! "y man to
 imag9e %e 0 n go+ (f to conv5tional    
life 9 "s o!r ( ! endless ,frognals he  

imag9$ z ! cellul> tissue ( ! _w4  ,b %e
 wasn't4  ,he _h kept h] photograph & h]
 memory sweet1 & if ev] he _h /ray$ f ! 
sev]e/ con/ancy1 x seem$ only 9 ! end to
 /r5g!n ) ! /uff ( exp]i5ce1 to enhance 
by comp>ative disappo9tm5t 8 imag9ation 
( :at %e might h meant to him4444 ,!n   
eight ye>s aft]w>ds !y met aga94  ,by ! 
"t he gets to ?is "p ( 8 /ory we h1 at  
my initiative1 left ! bridge & are walk+
 t[>ds ! ,utopian gue/ h\se4 ,! ,utopian
 gue/ h\se6 ,8 voice rises & falls1 &   
sometimes he holds my arm4 ,my att5tion 
comes & goes4 ,good-night1 two          
sweet-voic$ ,utopians cry to u 9 _!     
univ]sal tongue1 & ,i answ] !m          
,good-night4  ,y see1 he p]si/s1 ,i saw 
h] only a week ago4 ,x 0 9 ,luc]ne1 :ile
 ,i 0 wait+ = y to come on f ,engl&4 ,i 
talk$ to h] ?ree or f\r times altoge!r4 
,& h] face--! *ange 9 h]6 ,i c't get x  
out ( my head--night or day4 ,! mis]able
 wa/e ( h]4444  ,be=e u1 ?r\gh ! tall   
p9e /ems1 %9e ! lights ( our ,utopian   
inn4  ,he talks vaguely ( ill-usage4 ,! 

husb& is va91 boa/ful1 di%one/ to ! v   
conf9es ( ! law1 & a drunk>d4 ,!re are  
sc5es & insults----  ,%e told y8  ,n    
mu*1 b someone else did4 ,he br+s o!r   
wom5 almo/ into h] pres5ce to spite h]4 
,& x's go+ on8 ,i int]rupt4  ,yes4 ,n[4 
,ne$ x g on8  ,:at d y mean8  ,lady 9   
tr\ble1 ,i say4 ,knight at h&4 ,:y n /op
 ?is dismal grizzl+ & c>ry h] (f8 7,y   
figure ! h]oic sweep ( ! arm t belongs  
to ! ,voice47 ,i positively =get = !    
mom5t t we are 9 ,utopia at all4  ,y    
mean8  ,take h] away f him6 ,:at's all  
?is emotion ( y\rs wor? if x isn't equal
 to t6  ,positively he seems agha/ at   
me4  ,d y mean elope ) h]8  ,x seems a  
mo/ suitable case4  ,= a space he is    
sil5t1 & we g on ?r\gh ! trees4 ,a      
,utopian tram-c> passes & ,i see 8 face1
 poor bitt$ wret*6 look+ p9*$ & sc>$ 9  
its trail+ gl[ ( light4  ,t's all v well
 9 a novel1 he says4 ,b h[ c\ld ,i g    
back to my laboratory1 mix$ classes ) "y
 ladies1 y "k1 aft] a ?+ l t8 ,h[ c\ld  
we live & :]e c\ld we live8 ,we might h 

a h\se 9 ,london1 b :o w\ld call ^u u8  
444 ,besides1 y don't "k h]4 ,%e is n ! 
sort ( woman4444 ,don't ?9k ,i'm timid  
or conv5tional4 ,don't ?9k ,i don't     
feel4444 ,feel6 ,y don't "k :at x is to 
feel 9 a case ( ?is sort4444  ,he halts 
& !n flies out vici\sly3 ,ugh6 ,!re are 
times :5 ,i c\ld /rangle him ) my h&s4  
,:i* is nons5se4  ,he fl+s out 8 lean   
botanis+ h&s 9 an impot5t ge/ure4  ,my  
de> ,man6 ,i say1 & say no m4  ,= a     
mom5t ,i =get we are 9 ,utopia altoge!r4
   ,section #e  ,let u come back to     
,utopia4 ,we 7 speak+ ( travel4         
,besides roadways & railways & tramways1
 = ^? :o g to & fro 9 ! e>? ! ,mod]n    
,utopians w h v _m o!r ways ( travell+4 
,!re w be riv]s1 = example1 ) a va/     
v>iety ( boats2 canals ) div]se sorts ( 
haulage2 !re w be lakes & lagoons2 & :5 
"o comes at la/ to ! bord]s ( ! l&1 !   
pleasure craft w be !re1 com+ & go+1 & !
 swift great pass5g] vessels1 v big &   
/eady1 do+ ?irty knots an h\r or m1 w   
trace long wakes z !y g dw9dl+ out a?w>t

 ! re/less va/ness ( ! sea4  ,!y w be j 
beg9n+ to fly 9 ,utopia4 ,we owe mu* to 
,m4 ,santos ,dumont2 ! _w is            
immeasurably m dispos$ to believe ?is   
wond] is com+1 & com+ ne>ly1 ?an x 0    
five ye>s ago4 ,b unless we are to      
suppose ,utopian sci5tific k f> 9       
advance ( ours--& ?\gh t supposition 0 n
 proscrib$ 9 our initial und]tak+1 x    
w\ld be inconv5i5t = u & n q 9 ! ve9 ( !
 re/ ( our premises--!y1 too1 w only be 
9 ! same exp]im5tal /age z ourselves4 ,9
 ,utopia1 h[ev]1 !y w conduct rese>* by 
! army corps :ile we conduct x--we don't
 conduct x6 ,we let x happ54 ,fools make
 rese>*es & wise m5 exploit !m--t is our
 e>?ly way ( deal+ ) ! "q1 & we ?ank    
,heav5 = an assum$ abundance (          
f9ancially impot5t & suffici5tly +5i\s  
fools4  ,9 ,utopia1 a great multitude ( 
select$ m51 *os5 volunte]s1 w be        
collaborat+ ^u ?is new /ep 9 man's      
/ruggle ) ! elem5ts4 ,bacon's vision>y  
,h\se ( ,saloman ,footnote3 ,9 ,! ,new  
,atlantis4 w be a ?+ realis$1 & x w be  

humm+ ) ?is bus9ess4 ,e univ]sity 9 ! _w
 w be urg5tly work+ = priority 9 ?is    
aspect ( ! problem or t4 ,reports (     
exp]im5ts1 z full & z prompt z !        
telegraphic reports ( cricket 9 our m   
sportive atmosph]e1 w g ab\t ! _w4 ,all 
?is w be pass+1 z x 71 beh9d ! act drop 
( our fir/ exp]i5ce1 beh9d ?is fir/     
picture ( ! urbanis$ ,urs]5 valley4 ,!  
lit]ature ( ! subject w be gr[+ &       
develop+ ) ! easy swiftness ( an eagle's
 swoop z we come d[n ! hillside2 unse5 9
 t twilight1 un?\ght ( by u until ?is   
mom5t1 a ?\s& m5 at a ?\s& gl[+ desks1 a
 busy speciali/ press1 w be p]petually  
sift+1 criticis+1 cond5s+1 & cle>+ !    
gr\nd = fur!r speculation4 ,^? :o are   
conc]n$ ) ! problems ( public locomotion
 w be foll[+ ^! a]onautic inve/igations 
) a ke5 & ent]pris+ int]e/1 & s w !     
physiologi/ & ! sociologi/4 ,t ,utopian 
rese>* w1 ,i say1 g l an eagle's swoop 9
 comp>ison ) ! bl9d-man's fumbl+ ( our  
t]re/rial way4 ,ev5 be=e our own brief  
,utopian j\rney is out1 we may get a    

glimpse ( ! swift rip5+ ( all ?is       
activity t w be 9 progress at our com+4 
,to-morr[1 p]haps1 or 9 a day or s1 "s  
sil5t1 di/ant ?+ w come glid+ into view 
ov] ! m\nta9s1 w turn & so> & pass aga9 
beyond our a/oni%$ sight4444   ,section 
#f  ,b my fri5d & 8 great tr\ble turn my
 m9d f ^! que/ions ( locomotion & !     
fre$oms t clu/] ab\t !m4 ,9 spite (     
myself ,i f9d myself fram+ 8 case4 ,he  
is a lov]1 ! mo/ conv5tional ( ,anglican
 lov]s1 ) a he>t t has _h its tra9+1 ,i 
%\ld ?9k1 9 ! clean b limit$ s*oolroom (
 ,mrs4 ,h5ry ,wood4444  ,9 ,utopia ,i   
?9k !y w fly ) /rong] p9ions1 x w n be 9
 ! sup]ficialities ( life m]ely t       
movem5t w be wide & free1 !y w m\nt     
high] & swoop m /eeply ?an he 9 8 cage c
 believe4 ,:at w _! range be1 _!        
prohibitions8 :at j>s to our            
preconceptions w he & ,i receive "h8    
,my m9d fl[s ) ! free1 ?9 fl[ t x has at
 ! end ( an ev5tful day1 & z we walk    
along 9 sil5ce t[>ds our inn ,i rove f  
issue to issue1 ,i f9d myself rang+     

amid/ ! fundam5tal ?+s ( ! individual   
life & all ! p]plexity ( desires &      
passions4 ,i turn my que/ion+s to ! mo/ 
difficult ( all sets ( compromises1 ^?  
mitigations ( spontane\s fre$om t       
con/itute ! m>riage laws1 ! my/]y (     
balanc+ ju/ice aga9/ ! good ( ! future1 
amid/ ^! viol5t & elusive passions4 ,:]e
 falls ! balance ( fre$oms "h8 ,i pass =
 a "t f ,utopianis+ altoge!r1 to ask !  
"q t1 aft] all1 ,s*op5hau] fail$        
completely to answ]1 :y sometimes 9 !   
case ( hurtful1 po9tless1 & de/ructive  
?+s we want s vehem5tly4444  ,i come    
back f ?is unavail+ glance into ! deeps 
to ! g5]al "q ( fre$oms 9 ?is new       
relation4 ,i f9d myself f> adrift f !   
case ( ! ,frognal botani/1 & ask+ h[ f> 
a mod]n ,utopia w deal ) p]sonal morals4
  ,z ,plato demon/rat$ long ago1 !      
pr9ciples ( ! relation ( ,/ate control  
to p]sonal morals may be be/ discuss$ 9 
! case ( intoxication1 ! mo/ isolat$ &  
lea/ complicat$ ( all ?is gr\p (        
problems4 ,b ,plato's treatm5t ( ?is    

issue z a "q ( :o may or may n h ! use (
 w9e1 ?\gh suitable en\gh 9 consid]+ a  
small ,/ate 9 :i* ev]ybody 0 ! effectual
 inspector ( ev]ybody1 is entirely      
beside ! m>k "u mod]n conditions1 9 :i* 
we are to h an extraord9>ily high] /&>d 
( individual privacy & an amplitude &   
quantity ( migration inconceivable to ! 
,academic imag9ation4 ,we may accept 8  
pr9ciple & put ?is p>ticul> fre$om 7( ! 
use ( w9e7 among ! di/9ctive privileges 
( maturity1 & /ill f9d all t a mod]n    
w\ld ?9k ( z ! ,dr9k ,"q unt\*$4  ,t "q 
9 ,utopia w diff] p]haps 9 ! proportion 
( its factors1 b 9 no o!r respect1 f :at
 x is ^u e>?4 ,! same desirable ends w  
be s\ght1 ! ma9t5ance ( public ord] &   
dec5cy1 ! r$uction ( inducem5ts to =m   
?is bad & wa/eful habit to _! l[e/      
possible m9imum1 & ! complete protection
 ( ! immature4 ,b ! mod]n ,utopians1    
hav+ sy/ematis$ _! sociology1 w h giv5  
"s att5tion to ! psy*ology ( m9or       
(ficials1 a matt] altoge!r too mu*      
neglect$ by ! social re=m] on e>?4 ,!y w

 n put into ! h&s ( a common policeman  
p[]s direct & indirect t w\ld be dang]\s
 to ! public 9 ! h&s ( a judge4 ,& !y w 
h avoid$ ! immeasurable error ( mak+ _! 
control ( ! dr9k traffic a s\rce (      
public rev5ue4 ,privacies !y w n invade1
 b !y w c]ta9ly re/rict ! public        
consumption ( intoxicants to specifi$   
lic5s$ places & ! sale ( !m to          
unmi/akable adults1 & !y w make !       
temptation ( ! "y a grave (f5ce4 ,9 s   
migratory a population z ! ,mod]n       
,utopian1 ! lic5s+ ( inns & b>s w\ld be 
"u ! same control z ! railways & high   
roads4 ,inns exi/ = ! /rang] & n = !    
locality1 & we %all meet ) no?+ !re to  
correspond ) our t]re/rial absurdity (  
,local ,option4  ,! ,utopians w c]ta9ly 
control ?is trade1 & z c]ta9ly puni%    
p]sonal excesses4 ,public drunk5ness 7z 
di/+ui%$ f ! m]e elation t foll[s a     
g5]\s b controll$ use ( w9e7 w be an    
(f5ce aga9/ public dec5cy1 & w be dealt 
) 9 "s v dra/ic mann]4 ,x w1 ( c\rse1 be
 an aggravation (1 & n an excuse =1     

crime4  ,b ,i d\bt :e!r ! ,/ate w g     
beyond t4 ,:e!r an adult %all use w9e or
 be] or spirits1 or n1 seems to me      
entirely a matt] = 8 doctor & 8 own     
private consci5ce4 ,i d\bt if we        
explor]s %all meet any drunk5 m51 & ,i  
d\bt n we %all meet _m :o h nev] avail$ 
!mselves ( _! adult fre$om 9 ?is        
respect4 ,! conditions ( physical       
happ9ess w be bett] und]/ood 9 ,utopia1 
x w be wor? :ile to be well !re1 & !    
intellig5t citiz5 w wat* himself        
closely4 ,half & m ( ! drunk5ness ( e>? 
is an attempt to light5 dull days &     
hopelessly sordid & disagreeable lives1 
& 9 ,utopia !y d n suff] ^! ?+s4        
,assur$ly ,utopia w be temp]ate1 n only 
dr9k+1 b eat+ ) ! s\nde/ discretion4    
,yet ,i d n ?9k w9e & good ale w be     
altoge!r want+ !re1 nor good1 mell[     
:isky1 nor1 ^u occasion1 ! engag+ v>i\s 
liqueur4 ,i d n ?9k s4 ,my botani/1 :o  
ab/a9s altoge!r1 is ( ano!r op9ion4 ,we 
diff] "h & leave ! "q to ! e>ne/ read]4 
,i h ! utmo/ respect = all ,teetotal]s1 

,prohibitioni/s1 & ,hat]s & ,p]secutors 
( ,innkeep]s1 _! en]gy ( re=m awak5s    
responsive notes 9 me1 & to _! species  
,i look = a l>ge "p ( ! urg5t repair (  
our e>?2 yet = all t----  ,!re is       
,burgundy1 = example1 a bottle ( s(t &  
k9dly ,burgundy1 tak5 to make a sun%9e  
on "o's lun* :5 f\r /r5u\s h\rs ( toil h
 left "o on ! fur!r side ( appetite4 ,or
 ale1 a foam+ tank>d ( ale1 t5 miles (  
/urdy tramp+ 9 ! sleet & slu% z a       
prelude1 & !n good bread & good butt] & 
a ripe holl[ ,/ilton & cel]y & ale--ale 
) a c]ta9 quantitative fre$om4 ,or1     
aga91 :]e is ! s9 9 a glass ( tawny port
 ?ree or f\r times1 or x may be five1 a 
ye>1 :5 ! walnuts come r\nd 9 _! season8
 ,if y dr9k no port1 !n :at are walnuts 
=8 ,su* ?+s ,i hold = ! rew>d ( va/     
int]vals ( ab/95ce2 !y ju/ify y\r wide1 
immaculate m>g91 :i* is else a m]e      
unmean+ blankness on ! page ( palate    
,god has giv5 y6 ,i write ( ^! ?+s z a  
fle%ly man1 confess$ly & kn[+ly fle%ly1 
& m ?an usually aw>e ( my liability to  

err2 ,i "k myself = a gross creature m  
giv5 to s$5t>y _w-m5d+ ?an to brisk     
activities1 & n "o-t5? z active z !     
dulle/ newspap] boy 9 ,london4 ,yet /ill
 ,i h my uses1 uses t vani% 9 monotony1 
& /ill ,i mu/ ask :y %\ld we bury !     
tal5t ( ^! bright s5sations altoge!r8   
,"u no circum/ances c ,i ?9k ( my       
,utopians ma9ta9+ _! f9e ord] ( life on 
g+] ale & lemonade & ! ale t is ,kops'4 
,^? t]rible ,temp]ance ,dr9ks1 solutions
 ( qualifi$ sug> mix$ ) va/ volumes (   
gas1 z1 = example1 soda1 seltz]1        
lemonade1 & fire-ext9cteurs h&          
gr5ades--m9]als1 !y call su* /uff 9     
,engl&--fill a man ) w9d &              
self-righte\sness4 ,inde$ !y d6 ,c(fee  
de/roys bra9 & kidney1 a fact n[        
univ]sally recognis$ & adv]tis$ ?r\gh\t 
,am]ica2 & tea1 except = a k9d ( gre5   
tea be/ us$ ) discretion 9 pun*1 tans ! 
entrails & turns hone/ /oma*s into lea!r
 bags4 ,r w\ld ,i be ,met*nik(f$        
,footnote3 ,see ,! ,nature ( ,man1 by   
,pr(essor ,elie ,met*nik(f4 at once & h 

a clean1 good /oma* ( ,g]man silv]4 ,no6
 ,if we are to h no ale 9 ,utopia1 give 
me ! "o clean temp]ance dr9k t is wor?y 
to set beside w9e1 & t is simple wat]4  
,be/ x is :5 n q pure & ) a trace (     
organic matt]1 = !n x ta/es &           
sp>kles4444  ,my botani/ w\ld /ill      
argue4  ,?ank ,heav5 ?is is my book1 & t
 ! ultimate decision re/s ) me4 ,x is   
op5 to him to write 8 own ,utopia &     
arrange t ev]ybody %all d no?+ except by
 ! cons5t ( ! savants ( ! ,republic1    
ei!r 9 8 eat+1 dr9k+1 dress+ or lodg+1  
ev5 z ,cabet propos$4 ,x is op5 to him  
to try a ,news f ,n[h]e ,utopia ) ! w9e 
left out4 ,i h my %ort way ) him "h q   
effectually4 ,i turn 9 ! entrance ( our 
inn to ! civil b by no means obsequi\s  
l&lord1 & ) a c>eful ambiguity ( mann] =
 ! ?+ may be consid]$ an outrage1 & ,i  
try to make x possible ! idea is a      
je/--put my te/ dem&4444  ,y see1 my de>
 ,teetotal]8--he sets be=e me tray &    
glass &444 ,"h foll[s ! necess>y        
exp]im5t & a deep sigh4444 ,yes1 a      

bottle ( q excell5t light be]6 ,s !re   
are also cakes & ale 9 ,utopia6 ,let u 9
 ?is san] & m beautiful _w dr9k p]dition
 to all e>?ly excesses4 ,let u dr9k m   
p>ticul>ly to ! com+ ( ! day :5 m5      
beyond !re w le>n to di/+ui% betwe5     
qualitative & quantitative que/ions1 to 
temp] good int5tions ) good intellig5ce1
 & righte\sness ) wisdom4 ,"o ( ! d>ke/ 
evils ( our _w is surely ! untea*able   
wildness ( ! ,good4   ,section #g  ,s   
pres5tly to b$ & to sleep1 b n at once  
to sleep4 ,at fir/ my bra91 l a dog 9   
unfamili> qu>t]s1 mu/ turn itself r\nd =
 a "t or s be=e x lies d[n4 ,?is /range 
my/]y ( a _w ( :i* ,i h se5 s little z  
yet--a m\nta9 slope1 a twilit road1 a   
traffic ( ambigu\s vehicles & dim %apes1
 ! w9d[ lights ( _m homes--fills me )   
curiosities4 ,figures & incid5ts come & 
g1 ! p we h pass$1 our l&lord1 quietly  
att5tive & yet1 ,i feel1 ) ! ke5e/      
curiosity peep+ f 8 eyes1 ! unfamili>   
=ms ( ! h\se p>ts & furni%+s1 !         
unfamili> c\rses ( ! meal4 ,outside ?is 

little b$room is a _w1 a :ole unimag9$  
_w4 ,a ?\s& million ?+s lie outside 9 ! 
d>kness beyond ?is lit inn ( ours1      
un?\ght-( possibilities1 ov]look$       
consid]ations1 surprises1 riddles1      
incomm5surables1 a :ole mon/r\s         
intricate univ]se ( consequ5ces t ,i h  
to d my be/ to unravel4 ,i attempt      
impossible recapitulations & m+le !     
weird quality ( dream /uff ) my ?\ghts4 
,a?w>t all ?is tumult ( my memory goes  
?is que] figure ( my unanticipat$       
companion1 s obsess$ by himself & 8 own 
egoti/ical love t ?is sudd5 *ange to    
ano!r _w seems only a *ange ( sc5e = 8  
gnaw+1 un9vigorat+ passion4 ,x occurs to
 me t %e also mu/ h an equival5t 9      
,utopia1 & !n t idea & all ideas gr[ ?9 
& vague1 & are dissolv$ at la/ 9 ! ris+ 
tide ( sleep4444    ,,*apt] ,,! ,,?ird  
,utopian ,economics   ,section #a  ,^!  
mod]n ,utopians ) ! univ]sally diffus$  
good mann]s1 ! univ]sal education1 ! f9e
 fre$oms we %all ascribe to !m1 _! _w   
unity1 _w language1 _w-wide travell+s1  

_w-wide fre$om ( sale & pur*ase1 w rema9
 m]e dream/uff1 incr$ible ev5 by        
twilight1 until we h %[n t at t level ! 
community w /ill su/a9 itself4 ,at any  
rate1 ! common lib]ty ( ! ,utopians w n 
embrace ! common lib]ty to be           
uns]viceable1 ! mo/ p]fect economy (    
organisation /ill leaves ! fact unt\*$ t
 all ord] & security 9 a ,/ate re/s on !
 c]ta9ty ( gett+ "w done4 ,h[ w ! "w (  
?is planet be done8 ,:at w be !         
economics ( a mod]n ,utopia8  ,n[ 9 !   
fir/ place1 a /ate s va/ & complex z ?is
 _w ,utopia1 & ) s migratory a p1 w ne$ 
"s h&y symbol to *eck ! di/ribution (   
s]vices & commodities4 ,almo/ c]ta9ly !y
 w ne$ to h money4 ,!y w h money1 & x is
 n inconceivable t1 = all 8 sorr[ful    
?\ghts1 our botani/1 ) 8 tra9$          
obs]vation1 8 habit ( look+ at little   
?+s ^u ! gr\nd1 w\ld be ! "o to see &   
pick up ! co9 t has fall5 f "s wayf>]'s 
pocket4 7,?is1 9 our fir/ h\r or s be=e 
we rea* ! inn 9 ! ,urs]5 ,?al47 ,y      
figure u ^u ! high ,got?>d road1 heads  

toge!r ov] ! little disk t contrives to 
tell u s mu* ( ?is /range _w4  ,x is1 ,i
 imag9e1 ( gold1 & x w be a conv5i5t    
accid5t if x is suffici5t to make u     
solv5t = a day or s1 until we are a     
little m in=m$ ( ! economic sy/em into  
:i* we h come4 ,x is1 moreov]1 ( a fair 
r\nd size1 & ! inscription decl>es x "o 
,lion1 equal to twa9dy bronze ,crosses4 
,unless ! ratio ( metals is v diff]5t   
"h1 ?is latt] mu/ be a tok5 co91 & !re=e
 legal t5d] = b a small am\nt4 7,t w\ld 
be pa9 & pleasure to ,mr4 ,wordswor?    
,doni/horpe if he 7 to *ance to jo9 u1 =
 once he plann$ a ,utopian co9age1      
,footnote3 ,a ,sy/em ( ,measures1 by    
,wordswor? ,doni/horpe4 & ! words ,lion 
& ,cross are 84 ,b a tok5 co9age & legal
 t5d] he _c abide4 ,!y make him argue47 
,& be+ 9 ,utopia1 t unfamili> twa9dy    
sugge/s at once we h come ^u t mo/      
,utopian ( all ?+s1 a duodecimal sy/em (
 c\nt+4  ,my au?or's privilege ( details
 s]ves me "h4 ,?is ,lion is di/9ctly a  
beautiful co91 admirably made1 ) its    

value 9 f9e1 cle> lett]s circl+ ! obv]se
 side1 & a head !reon--( ,newton1 z ,i  
live6 ,"o detects ,am]ican influ5ce "h4 
,ea* ye>1 z we %all f9d1 ea* d5om9ation 
( co9s celebrates a c5t5>y4 ,! rev]se   
%[s ! univ]sal goddess ( ! ,utopian     
co9age--,peace1 z a beautiful woman1    
read+ ) a *ild out ( a great book1 &    
beh9d !m are />s1 & an h\r-glass1       
halfway run4 ,v human ^! ,utopians1 aft]
 all1 & n by any means above ! obvi\s 9 
_! symbolism6  ,s = ! fir/ "t we le>n   
def9itely ( ! ,_w ,/ate1 & we get our   
fir/ cle> h9t1 too1 t !re is an end to  
,k+s4 ,b our co9 raises o!r issues also4
 ,x w\ld seem t ?is ,utopia has no      
simple community ( goods1 t !re is1 at  
any rate1 a re/riction ^u :at "o may    
take1 a ne$ = evid5ces ( equival5t      
value1 a limitation to human cr$it4  ,x 
dates--s mu* ( ?is pres5t ,utopia ( ours
 dates4 ,^? =m] ,utopi/s 7 bitt]ly aga9/
 gold4 ,y w recall ! undignifi$ use ,sir
 ,?omas ,m w\ld h u put x to1 & h[ !re 0
 no money at all 9 ! ,republic ( ,plato1

 & 9 t lat] community = :i* he wrote 8  
,laws an iron co9age ( au/]e appe>ance &
 d\btful efficacy4444 ,x may be ^! great
 g5tlem5 7 a little ha/y ) a complicat$ 
difficulty1 & n a little unju/ to a     
highly respectable elem5t4  ,gold is    
abus$ & made into vessels ( di%on\r1 &  
aboli%$ f ideal society z ?\gh x 7 !    
cause in/ead ( ! in/rum5t ( human       
bas5ess2 b1 inde$1 !re is no?+ bad 9    
gold4 ,mak+ gold into vessels ( di%on\r 
& bani%+ x f ! ,/ate is puni%+ ! hat*et 
= ! murd]]'s crime4 ,money1 did y b use 
x "r1 is a good ?+ 9 life1 a necess>y ?+
 9 civilis$ human life1 z complicat$1   
inde$1 = its purposes1 b z natural a    
gr[? z ! bones 9 a man's wri/1 & ,i d n 
see h[ "o c imag9e any?+ at all wor?y ( 
be+ call$ a civilisation )\t x4 ,x is ! 
wat] ( ! body social1 x di/ributes &    
receives1 & r5d]s gr[? & assimilation & 
movem5t & recov]y possible4 ,x is !     
reconciliation ( human int]dep5d5ce )   
lib]ty4 ,:at o!r device w give a man s  
great a fre$om ) s /rong an inducem5t to

 ef=t8 ,! economic hi/ory ( ! _w1 :]e x 
is n ! hi/ory ( ! !ory ( prop]ty1 is v  
l>gely ! record ( ! abuse1 n s mu* (    
money z ( cr$it devices to supplem5t    
money1 to amplify ! scope ( ?is mo/     
preci\s inv5tion2 & no device ( lab\r   
cr$its ,footnote3 ,edw>d ,bellamy's     
,look+ ,backw>d1 ,*4 ,,ix4 or free dem& 
( commodities f a c5tral /ore ,footnote3
 ,m's ,utopia & ,cabet's ,ic>ia4 or ! l 
has ev] be5 sugge/$ t does n give t5    
?\s& times m scope = t inh]5t moral     
dross 9 man t mu/ be reckon$ ) 9 any    
sane ,utopia we may design & plan4444   
,heav5 kn[s :]e progress may n end1 b at
 any rate ?is develop+ ,/ate1 into :i*  
we two m5 h fall51 ?is ,tw5tie? ,c5tury 
,utopia1 has /ill n pass$ beyond money &
 ! use ( co9s4   ,section #b  ,n[ if ?is
 ,utopian _w is to be 9 "s degree       
p>allel to contempor>y ?\ght1 x mu/ h   
be5 conc]n$1 x may be /ill conc]n$1 ) _m
 unsettl$ problems ( curr5cy1 & ) !     
problems t c5tre ab\t a /&>d ( value4   
,gold is p]haps ( all mat]ial sub/ances 

! be/ adapt$ to ! monet>y purpose1 b ev5
 at t be/ x falls f> %ort ( an imag9able
 ideal4 ,x und]goes spasmodic & irregul>
 *eap5+ ?r\gh new discov]ies ( gold1 &  
at any "t x may und]go v ext5sive &     
sudd5 & disa/r\s depreciation ?r\gh !   
discov]y ( "s way ( transmut+ less      
valuable elem5ts4 ,! liability to su*   
depreciations introduces an undesirable 
speculative elem5t into ! relations (   
debtor & cr$itor4 ,:51 on ! "o h&1 !re  
is = a "t a *eck 9 ! increase ( !       
available /ores ( gold1 or an increase 9
 ! en]gy appli$ to social purposes1 or a
 *eck+ ( ! public security t w\ld imp$e 
! free ex*ange ( cr$it & necessitate a m
 frequ5t production ( gold 9 evid5ce1 !n
 !re comes an undue appreciation ( money
 z aga9/ ! g5]al commodities ( life1 &  
an automatic impov]i%m5t ( ! citiz5s 9  
g5]al z aga9/ ! cr$itor class4 ,! common
 p are mortgag$ into ! bondage ( debt4  
,& on ! o!r h& an unexpect$ spate ( gold
 production1 ! discov]y ( a s+le nugget 
z big z ,/4 ,paul's1 let u say--a q     

possible ?+--w\ld result 9 a sort ( jail
 deliv]y ( debtors & a f9ancial         
e>?quake4  ,x has be5 sugge/$ by an     
+5i\s ?9k] t x is possible to use z a   
/&>d ( monet>y value no sub/ance :atev]1
 b in/ead1 =ce1 & t value might be      
measur$ 9 units ( en]gy4 ,an excell5t   
developm5t ?is1 9 !ory1 at any rate1 ( !
 g5]al idea ( ! mod]n ,/ate z k9etic & n
 /atic2 x ?r[s ! old idea ( ! social    
ord] & ! new into ! %>pe/ anti!sis4 ,!  
old ord] is pres5t$ z a sy/em (         
in/itutions & classes rul$ by m5 (      
sub/ance2 ! new1 ( ent]prises & int]e/s 
l$ by m5 ( p[]4  ,n[ ,i glance at ?is   
matt] 9 ! mo/ incid5tal mann]1 z a man  
may skim ?r\gh a speciali/'s exposition 
9 a popul> magaz9e4 ,y mu/ figure me1   
!re=e1 f9d+ f a casual p]iodical pap] 9 
our inn1 ) a c]ta9 surprise at n hav+   
anticipat$ z mu*1 ! ,utopian self ( t   
same +5i\s p]son q conspicu\sly a lead] 
( ?\ght1 & engag$ 9 organis+ !          
discussion ( ! curr5cy *anges ,utopia   
has "u consid]ation4 ,! article1 z x    

pres5ts itself to me1 conta9s a complete
 & lucid1 ?\gh occasionally r te*nical1 
explanation ( 8 newe/ proposals4 ,!y h  
be5 publi%$1 x seems1 = g5]al criticism1
 & "o ga!rs t 9 ! mod]n ,utopia !       
adm9i/ration pres5ts ! mo/ elaborately  
detail$ s*emes ( any propos$ alt]ation 9
 law or cu/om1 "s "t be=e any measure is
 tak5 to c>ry x into effect1 & !        
possibilities ( e detail are acutely    
criticis$1 flaws anticipat$1 side issues
 rais$1 & ! :ole m9utely te/$ & f9$ d[n 
by a planetful ( critics1 be=e ! actual 
process ( legislation beg9s4  ,!        
explanation ( ^! proposals involves an  
anticipatory glance at ! local          
adm9i/ration ( a ,mod]n ,utopia4 ,to    
anyone :o has wat*$ ! developm5t (      
te*nical sci5ce dur+ ! la/ decade or s1 
!re w be no %ock 9 ! idea t a g5]al     
consolidation ( a great numb] ( common  
public s]vices ov] areas ( consid]able  
size is n[ n only practicable1 b v      
desirable4 ,9 a little :ile heat+ &     
light+ & ! supply ( p[] = dome/ic &     

indu/rial purposes & = urban &          
int]-urban communications w all be      
manag$ electrically f common g5]at+     
/ations4 ,& ! tr5d ( political & social 
speculation po9ts decid$ly to !         
conclusion t s soon z x passes out ( !  
exp]im5tal /age1 ! supply ( electrical  
en]gy1 j l dra9age & ! supply ( wat]1 w 
fall to ! local au?ority4 ,moreov]1 !   
local au?ority w be ! univ]sal l&[n]4   
,^u t po9t s extreme an individuali/ z  
,h]b]t ,sp5c] 0 9 agreem5t ) !          
,sociali/4 ,9 ,utopia we conclude t1    
:atev] o!r types ( prop]ty may exi/1 all
 natural s\rces ( =ce1 & inde$ all      
/rictly natural products1 coal1 wat]    
p[]1 & ! l1 are inali5ably ve/$ 9 !     
local au?orities 7:i*1 9 ord] to secure 
! maximum ( conv5i5ce & adm9i/rative    
effici5cy1 w probably control areas z   
l>ge sometimes z half ,engl&71 !y w     
g5]ate electricity by wat] p[]1 by      
combu/ion1 by w9d or tide or :atev] o!r 
natural =ce is available1 & ?is         
electricity w be devot$1 "s ( x to !    

au?ority's light+ & o!r public works1 "s
 ( x1 z a subsidy1 to ! ,_w-,/ate       
au?ority :i* controls ! high roads1 !   
great railways1 ! inns & o!r app>atus ( 
_w communication1 & ! re/ w pass on to  
private individuals or to di/ribut+     
companies at a uni=m fix$ rate = private
 light+ & heat+1 = ma*9]y & indu/rial   
applications ( all sorts4 ,su* an       
arrangem5t ( affairs w necess>ily       
involve a va/ am\nt ( book-keep+ betwe5 
! v>i\s au?orities1 ! ,_w-,/ate gov]nm5t
 & ! cu/om]s1 & ?is book-keep+ w        
naturally be done mo/ conv5i5tly 9 units
 ( physical en]gy4  ,x is n incr$ible t 
! assessm5t ( ! v>i\s local             
adm9i/rations = ! c5tral _w gov]nm5t    
w\ld be already calculat$ ^u ! e/imat$  
total ( en]gy1 p]iodically available 9  
ea* locality1 & book$ & spok5 ( 9 ^!    
physical units4 ,acc\nts betwe5 c5tral &
 local gov]nm5ts c\ld be kept 9 ^! t]ms4
 ,moreov]1 "o may imag9e ,utopian local 
au?orities mak+ contracts 9 :i* paym5t  
w\ld be no long] 9 co9age ^u ! gold     

basis1 b 9 notes good = s _m ?\s&s or   
millions ( units ( en]gy at "o or o!r ( 
! g5]at+ /ations4  ,n[ ! problems (     
economic !ory w h und]gone an enorm\s   
cl>ification if1 in/ead ( measur+ 9     
fluctuat+ money values1 ! same scale (  
en]gy units c be ext5d$ to _!           
discussion1 if1 9 fact1 ! idea ( trad+  
c\ld be entirely elim9at$4 ,9 my        
,utopia1 at any rate1 ?is has be5 done1 
! production & di/ribution ( common     
commodities h be5 express$ z a problem 9
 ! conv]sion ( en]gy1 & ! s*eme t       
,utopia 0 n[ discuss+ 0 ! application ( 
?is idea ( en]gy z ! /&>d ( value to !  
entire ,utopian co9age4 ,e "o ( ^? giant
 local au?orities 0 to be free to issue 
en]gy notes aga9/ ! security ( its      
surplus ( saleable available en]gy1 & to
 make all its contracts = paym5t 9 ^?   
notes up to a c]ta9 maximum def9$ by !  
am\nt ( en]gy produc$ & dispos$ ( 9 t   
locality 9 ! previ\s ye>4 ,?is p[] (    
issue 0 to be r5ew$ j z rapidly z !     
notes came 9 = r$emption4 ,9 a _w )\t   

b\nd>ies1 ) a population l>gely         
migratory & emancipat$ f locality1 !    
price ( ! en]gy notes ( ^! v>i\s local  
bodies w\ld con/antly t5d to be uni=m1  
because employm5t w\ld con/antly %ift   
into ! areas :]e en]gy 0 *eap4          
,accord+ly1 ! price ( s _m millions (   
units ( en]gy at any p>ticul> mom5t 9   
co9s ( ! gold curr5cy w\ld be           
approximately ! same ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,x 0 
propos$ to select "s p>ticul> day :5 !  
economic atmosph]e 0 di/9ctly equable1 &
 to decl>e a fix$ ratio betwe5 ! gold   
co9age & ! en]gy notes2 ea* gold ,lion &
 ea* ,lion ( cr$it repres5t+ exactly !  
numb] ( en]gy units x c\ld buy on t day4
 ,! old gold co9age 0 at once to cease  
to be legal t5d] beyond c]ta9 def9$     
limits1 except to ! c5tral gov]nm5t1 :i*
 w\ld n reissue x z x came 94 ,x 01 9   
fact1 to become a tempor>y tok5 co9age1 
a tok5 co9age ( full value = ! day (    
conv]sion at any rate1 if n aft]w>ds1 "u
 ! new /&>d ( en]gy1 & to be replaceable
 by an ord9>y tok5 co9age z "t w5t on4  

,! old computation by ,lions & ! values 
( ! small *ange ( daily life 7 !re=e to 
suff] no di/urbance :atev]4  ,!         
economi/s ( ,utopia1 z ,i appreh5d$ !m1 
_h a diff]5t me?od & a v diff]5t sy/em (
 !ories f ^? ,i h read on e>?1 & ?is    
makes my exposition consid]ably m       
difficult4 ,?is article ^u :i* ,i base  
my acc\nt float$ be=e me 9 an unfamili>1
 p]plex+1 & dream-l phraseology4 ,yet ,i
 br\ght away an impression t "h 0 a     
rightness t e>?ly economi/s h fail$ to  
grasp4 ,few e>?ly economi/s h be5 able  
to dis5tangle !mselves f patriotisms &  
politics1 & _! obsession has always be5 
int]national trade4 ,"h 9 ,utopia ! ,_w 
,/ate cuts t away f b5ea? _! feet2 !re  
are no imports b meteorites1 & no       
exports at all4 ,trad+ is ! e>?ly       
economi/s' initial notion1 & !y />t f   
p]plex+ & insoluble riddles ab\t ex*ange
 value1 insoluble because all trad+     
f9ally involves individual pref]5ces :i*
 are incalculable & unique4 ,n[h]e d !y 
seem to be h&l+ really def9$ /&>ds1 e   

economic diss]tation & discussion rem9ds
 "o m /rongly ?an ! la/ ( ! game (      
croquet ,alice play$ 9 ,wond]l&1 :5 !   
mallets 7 flam+oes & ! balls 7 h$gehogs 
& crawl$ away1 & ! hoops 7 soldi]s &    
kept gett+ up & walk+ ab\t4 ,b economics
 9 ,utopia mu/ be1 x seems to me1 n a   
!ory ( trad+ bas$ on bad psy*ology1 b   
physics appli$ to problems 9 ! !ory (   
sociology4 ,! g5]al problem ( ,utopian  
economics is to /ate ! conditions ( !   
mo/ effici5t application ( ! /eadily    
increas+ quantities ( mat]ial en]gy !   
progress ( sci5ce makes available =     
human s]vice1 to ! g5]al ne$s ( mank9d4 
,human lab\r & exi/+ mat]ial are dealt )
 9 relation to t4 ,trad+ & relative     
weal? are m]ely episodical 9 su* a      
s*eme4 ,! tr5d ( ! article ,i read1 z ,i
 und]/ood x1 0 t a monet>y sy/em bas$ ^u
 a relatively small am\nt ( gold1 ^u :i*
 ! bus9ess ( ! :ole _w _h hi!rto be5    
done1 fluctuat$ unreasonably & suppli$  
no real crit]ion ( well-be+1 t ! nom9al 
values ( ?+s & ent]prises _h no cle> &  

simple relation to ! real physical      
prosp]ity ( ! community1 t ! nom9al     
weal? ( a community 9 millions ( p\nds  
or doll>s or ,lions1 measur$ no?+ b !   
quantity ( hope 9 ! air1 & an increase (
 confid5ce meant an inflation ( cr$it & 
a pessimi/ic phase a collapse ( ?is     
halluc9ation ( possessions4 ,! new      
/&>ds1 ?is advocate reason$1 7 to alt]  
all t1 & x seem$ to me !y w\ld4  ,i h   
tri$ to indicate ! drift ( ^! rem>kable 
proposals1 b ab\t !m clu/]$ an elaborate
 mass ( ke5 & temp]ate discussion4 ,into
 ! details ( t discussion ,i w n ent]   
n[1 nor am ,i sure ,i am qualifi$ to    
r5d] ! multitud9\s aspect ( ?is         
complicat$ "q at all precisely4 ,i read 
! :ole ?+ 9 ! c\rse ( an h\r or two (   
re/ aft] lun*--x 0 ei!r ! second or ?ird
 day ( my /ay 9 ,utopia--& we 7 sitt+ 9 
a little inn at ! end ( ! ,lake ( ,uri4 
,we _h loit]$ !re1 & ,i _h fall5 read+  
because ( a %[] ( ra94444 ,b c]ta9ly z  
,i read x ! proposition /ruck me z a    
s+ul>ly simple & attractive "o1 & its   

exposition op5$ out to me = ! fir/ "t   
cle>ly1 9 a compreh5sive outl9e1 ! g5]al
 conception ( ! economic nature ( !     
,utopian ,/ate4   ,section #c  ,!       
diff]5ce betwe5 ! social & economic     
sci5ces z !y exi/ 9 our _w ,footnote3 ,b
 see ,gidd+'s ,pr9ciples ( ,sociology1 a
 mod]n & ri*ly sugge/ive ,am]ican "w1   
imp]fectly appreciat$ by ! ,briti%      
/ud5t4 ,see also ,walt] ,bagehot's      
,economic ,/udies4 & 9 ?is ,utopia      
des]ves p]haps a ^w or s m4 ,i write ) !
 utmo/ diffid5ce1 because ^u e>?        
economic sci5ce has be5 rais$ to a v    
high level ( tortu\s ab/raction by !    
indu/ry ( its pr(essors1 & ,i c claim   
nei!r a pati5t /ud5t's intimacy ) _!    
productions nor--:at is m s]i\s--any?+ b
 ! mo/ g5]alis$ k ( :at _! ,utopian     
equival5ts h a*iev$4 ,! vital nature (  
economic issues to a ,utopia            
necessitates1 h[ev]1 "s attempt at      
int]pretation betwe5 ! two4  ,9 ,utopia 
!re is no di/9ct & sep>ate sci5ce (     
economics4 ,_m problems t we %\ld reg>d 

z economic come )9 ! scope ( ,utopian   
psy*ology4 ,my ,utopians make two       
divisions ( ! sci5ce ( psy*ology1 fir/1 
! g5]al psy*ology ( individuals1 a sort 
( m5tal physiology sep>at$ by no def9ite
 l9e f physiology prop]1 & secondly1 !  
psy*ology ( relation%ip betwe5          
individuals4 ,?is second is an exhau/ive
 /udy ( ! reaction ( p ^u ea* o!r & (   
all possible relation%ips4 ,x is a      
sci5ce ( human aggregations1 ( all      
possible family gr\p+s1 ( neighb\rs &   
neighb\rhood1 ( companies1 associations1
 unions1 secret & public societies1     
religi\s gr\p+s1 ( common ends &        
int]c\rse1 & ( ! me?ods ( int]c\rse &   
collective decision t hold human gr\ps  
toge!r1 & f9ally ( gov]nm5t & ! ,/ate4  
,! elucidation ( economic relation%ips1 
dep5d+ z x does on ! nature ( ! hypo!sis
 ( human aggregation actually 9 op]ation
 at any "t1 is consid]$ to be subord9ate
 & subsequ5t to ?is g5]al sci5ce (      
,sociology4 ,political economy &        
economics1 9 our _w n[1 consi/ ( a      

hopeless muddle ( social assumptions &  
prepo/]\s psy*ology1 & a few            
geographical & physical g5]alisations4  
,its +r$i5ts w be classifi$ out & widely
 sep>at$ 9 ,utopian ?\ght4 ,on ! "o h&  
!re w be ! /udy ( physical economies1   
end+ 9 ! descriptive treatm5t ( society 
z an organisation = ! conv]sion ( all ! 
available en]gy 9 nature to ! mat]ial   
ends ( mank9d--a physical sociology :i* 
w be already at su* a /age ( practical  
developm5t z to be giv+ ! _w ?is tok5   
co9age repres5t+ en]gy--& on ! o!r !re w
 be ! /udy ( economic problems z        
problems 9 ! division ( lab\r1 hav+     
reg>d to a social organisation ^: ma9   
ends are reproduction & education 9 an  
atmosph]e ( p]sonal fre$om4 ,ea* ( ^!   
inquiries1 work+ un5cumb]$ by ! o!r1 w  
be cont9ually contribut+ fre% valid     
conclusions = ! use ( ! practical       
adm9i/rator4  ,9 no region (            
intellectual activity w our hypo!sis (  
fre$om f tradition be ( m value 9 devis+
 a ,utopia ?an "h4 ,f its beg9n+ ! e>?ly

 /udy ( economics has be5 inf]tile &    
unhelpful1 because ( ! mass ( unanalys$ 
& sc>cely suspect$ assumptions ^u :i* x 
re/$4 ,! facts 7 ignor$ t trade is a    
bye-product & n an ess5tial factor 9    
social life1 t prop]ty is a pla/ic &    
fluctuat+ conv5tion1 t value is capable 
( imp]sonal treatm5t only 9 ! case ( !  
mo/ g5]alis$ requirem5ts4 ,weal? 0      
measur$ by ! /&>ds ( ex*ange4 ,society 0
 reg>d$ z a practically unlimit$ numb] (
 av>ici\s adult units incapable ( any   
o!r subord9ate gr\p+s ?an bus9ess       
p>tn]%ips1 & ! s\rces ( competition 7   
assum$ to be inexhau/ible4 ,^u su*      
quicks&s rose an edifice t ap$ !        
securities ( mat]ial sci5ce1 develop$ a 
te*nical j>gon & pr(ess$ ! discov]y (   
laws4 ,our lib]ation f ^! false         
presumptions ?r\gh ! rhetoric ( ,c>lyle 
& ,rusk9 & ! activities ( ! ,sociali/s1 
is m app>5t ?an real4 ,! old edifice    
oppresses u /ill1 repair$ & alt]$ by    
indiff]5t build]s1 und]p9n$ 9 places1 & 
) a slight *ange ( "n4 ,political       

,economy has be5 pa9t$ out1 & in/ead we 
read ,economics--"u entirely new        
managem5t4 ,mod]n ,economics diff]s     
ma9ly f old ,political ,economy 9 hav+  
produc$ no ,adam ,smi?4 ,! old          
,political ,economy made c]ta9          
g5]alisations1 & !y 7 mo/ly wrong2 new  
,economics evades g5]alisations1 & seems
 to lack ! intellectual p[] to make !m4 
,! sci5ce hangs l a ga!r+ fog 9 a       
valley1 a fog :i* beg9s n[h]e & goes    
n[h]e1 an incid5tal1 unmean+ inconv5i5ce
 to pass]s-by4 ,its mo/ typical expon5ts
 display a disposition to disav[        
g5]alisations altoge!r1 to claim        
consid]ation z exp]ts1 & to make        
imm$iate political application ( t      
conc$$ claim4 ,n[ ,newton1 ,d>w91       
,dalton1 ,davy1 ,j\le1 & ,adam ,smi? did
 n affect ?is exp]t hankey-pankey1      
becom+ en\gh 9 a hairdress] or a        
fa%ionable physician1 b indec5t 9 a     
philosoph] or a man ( sci5ce4 ,9 ?is    
/ate ( impot5t exp]tness1 h[ev]1 or 9 "s
 equally uns\nd /ate1 economics mu/     

/ruggle on--a sci5ce t is no sci5ce1 a  
fl\nd]+ lore wall[+ 9 a mud (           
/ati/ics--until ei!r ! /udy ( ! mat]ial 
organisation ( production on ! "o h& z a
 developm5t ( physics & geography1 or ! 
/udy ( social aggregation on ! o!r1     
r5d]s endur+ f\ndations possible4       
,section #d  ,! old] ,utopias 7 all     
relatively small /ates2 ,plato's        
,republic1 = example1 0 to be small] ?an
 ! av]age ,engli% bor\gh1 & no di/9ction
 0 made betwe5 ! ,family1 ! ,local      
,gov]nm5t1 & ! ,/ate4 ,plato &          
,campanella--= all t ! latt] 0 a        
,*ri/ian prie/--c>ri$ communism to its  
f9al po9t & prescrib$ ev5 a community ( 
husb&s & wives1 an idea t 0 br\ght at   
la/ to ! te/ ( effectual exp]im5t 9 !   
,oneida ,community ( ,new ,york ,/ate   
7#ahdh-ahgi74 ,?is latt] body did n long
 survive its f\nd]1 at lea/ z a v]itable
 communism1 by reason ( ! insurg5t      
individualism ( its vigor\s sons4 ,m1   
too1 d5i$ privacy & rul$ an absolute    
community ( goods1 at any rate1 & s1    

com+ to ! ,victorian ,utopias1 did      
,cabet4 ,b ,cabet's communism 0 "o ( !  
free /ore type1 & ! goods 7 y\rs only   
aft] y _h requisition$ !m4 ,t seems !   
case 9 ! ,n[h]e ( ,morris also4 ,comp>$ 
) ! old] writ]s ,bellamy & ,morris h a  
vivid s5se ( individual sep>ation1 & _! 
dep>ture f ! old homog5eity is          
suffici5tly m>k$ to ju/ify a d\bt :e!r  
!re w be any m ?or\ghly communi/ic      
,utopias = ev]4  ,a ,utopia su* z ?is   
pres5t "o1 writt5 9 ! op5+ ( ! ,tw5tie? 
,c5tury1 & aft] ! mo/ exhau/ive         
discussion--ne>ly a c5tury long--betwe5 
,communi/ic & ,sociali/ic ideas on ! "o 
h&1 & ,individualism on ! o!r1 em]ges ^u
 a sort ( effectual conclusion to ^?    
controv]sies4 ,! two p>ties h s *ipp$ & 
am5d$ ea* o!r's initial propositions t1 
inde$1 except = ! labels /ill flutt]+ly 
adhesive to ! implicat$ m51 x is h>d to 
*oose betwe5 !m4 ,ea* side e/abli%$ a   
good _m propositions1 & we pr(it by !m  
all4 ,we ( ! succe$+ g5]ation c see q   
cle>ly t = ! mo/ "p ! heat & zeal ( ^!  

discussions arose 9 ! confusion ( a     
quantitative = a qualitative "q4 ,to !  
onlook]1 bo? ,individualism & ,socialism
 are1 9 ! absolute1 absurdities2 ! "o   
w\ld make m5 ! slaves ( ! viol5t or ri*1
 ! o!r ! slaves ( ! ,/ate (ficial1 & !  
way ( sanity runs1 p]haps ev5 s9u\sly1  
d[n ! int]v5+ valley4 ,happily ! dead   
pa/ buries its dead1 & x is n our       
function n[ to adjudicate ! prepond]ance
 ( victory4 ,9 ! v days :5 our political
 & economic ord] is becom+ /eadily m    
,sociali/ic1 our ideals ( int]c\rse turn
 m & m to a full] recognition ( ! claims
 ( individuality4 ,! ,/ate is to be     
progressive1 x is no long] to be /atic1 
& ?is alt]s ! g5]al condition ( !       
,utopian problem pr(\ndly2 we h to      
provide n only = food & clo?+1 = ord] & 
heal?1 b = initiative4 ,! factor t leads
 ! ,_w ,/ate on f "o phase ( developm5t 
to ! next is ! int]play (               
individualities2 to speak               
teleologically1 ! _w exi/s = ! sake ( & 
?r\gh initiative1 & individuality is !  

me?od ( initiative4 ,ea* man & woman1 to
 ! ext5t t 8 or h] individuality is     
m>k$1 breaks ! law ( prec$5t1           
transgresses ! g5]al =mula1 & makes a   
new exp]im5t = ! direction ( ! life =ce4
 ,x is impossible1 !re=e1 = ! ,/ate1 :i*
 repres5ts all & is preoccupi$ by !     
av]age1 to make effectual exp]im5ts &   
intellig5t innovations1 & s supply !    
ess5tial sub/ance ( life4 ,z aga9/ !    
individual ! /ate repres5ts ! species1 9
 ! case ( ! ,utopian ,_w ,/ate x        
absolutely repres5ts ! species4 ,!      
individual em]ges f ! species1 makes 8  
exp]im5t1 & ei!r fails1 dies1 & comes to
 an end1 or succe$s & impresses himself 
9 (fspr+1 9 consequ5ces & results1      
intellectual1 mat]ial & moral1 ^u ! _w4 
,biologically ! species is !            
accumulation ( ! exp]im5ts ( all its    
successful individuals s9ce ! beg9n+1 & 
! ,_w ,/ate ( ! ,mod]n ,utopi/ w1 9 its 
economic aspect1 be a comp5dium (       
e/abli%$ economic exp]i5ce1 ab\t :i*    
individual ent]prise w be cont9ually    

exp]im5t+1 ei!r to fail & pass1 or to   
succe$ & at la/ become incorporat$ ) !  
undy+ organism ( ! ,_w ,/ate4 ,?is      
organism is ! univ]sal rule1 ! common   
re/riction1 ! ris+ level plat=m on :i*  
individualities /&4  ,! ,_w ,/ate 9 ?is 
ideal pres5ts itself z ! sole l&[n] ( ! 
e>?1 ) ! great local gov]nm5ts ,i h     
adumbrat$1 ! local municipalities1      
hold+1 z x 71 feudally "u x z l&lords4  
,! ,/ate or ^! subord9ates holds all !  
s\rces ( en]gy1 & ei!r directly or ?r\gh
 its t5ants1 f>m]s & ag5ts1 develops ^! 
s\rces1 & r5d]s ! en]gy available = ! "w
 ( life4 ,x or its t5ants w produce     
food1 & s human en]gy1 & ! exploitation 
( coal & electric p[]1 & ! p[]s ( w9d & 
wave & wat] w be )9 its "r4 ,x w p\r out
 ?is en]gy by assignm5t & lease &       
acquiesc5ce & :at n ^u its individual   
citiz5s4 ,x w ma9ta9 ord]1 ma9ta9 roads1
 ma9ta9 a *eap & effici5t adm9i/ration (
 ju/ice1 ma9ta9 *eap & rapid locomotion 
& be ! common c>ri] ( ! planet1 convey &
 di/ribute lab\r1 control1 let1 or      

adm9i/] all natural productions1 pay = &
 secure heal?y bir?s & a heal?y &       
vigor\s new g5]ation1 ma9ta9 ! public   
heal?1 co9 money & su/a9 /&>ds (        
measurem5t1 subsidise rese>*1 & rew>d   
su* comm]cially unpr(itable und]tak+s z 
b5efit ! community z a :ole2 subsidise  
:5 ne$ful *airs ( criticism & au?ors &  
publications1 & collect & di/ribute     
in=mation4 ,! en]gy develop$ & !        
employm5t af=d$ by ! ,/ate w desc5d l   
wat] t ! sun has suck$ out ( ! sea to   
fall ^u a m\nta9 range1 & back to ! sea 
aga9 x w come at la/1 deb\*+ 9 gr\nd r5t
 & royalty & lic5se fees1 9 ! fees (    
travell]s & pr(its ^u c>ry+ & co9age & !
 l1 9 dea? duty1 transf] tax1 legacy &  
=feiture1 return+ to ! sea4 ,betwe5 !   
cl\ds & ! sea x w run1 z a riv] sy/em   
runs1 d[n ?r\gh a great region (        
individual ent]prise & int]play1 ^:     
fre$om x w su/a94 ,9 t int]m$iate region
 betwe5 ! k9dr$ heights & deeps ^?      
beg9n+s & promises w arise t are !      
ess5tial significance1 ! ess5tial       

sub/ance1 ( life4 ,f our human po9t (   
view ! m\nta9s & sea are = ! habitable  
l&s t lie betwe54 ,s likewise ! ,/ate is
 = ,individualities4 ,! ,/ate is =      
,individuals1 ! law is = fre$oms1 ! _w  
is = exp]im5t1 exp]i5ce1 & *ange3 ^! are
 ! fundam5tal beliefs ^u :i* a mod]n    
,utopia mu/ g4   ,section #e  ,)9 ?is   
s*eme1 :i* makes ! ,/ate ! s\rce ( all  
en]gy1 & ! f9al legatee1 :at w be !     
nature ( ! prop]ty a man may own8 ,"u   
mod]n conditions--inde$1 "u any         
conditions--a man )\t "s negotiable     
prop]ty is a man )\t fre$om1 & ! ext5t (
 8 prop]ty is v l>gely ! measure ( 8    
fre$om4 ,)\t any prop]ty1 )\t ev5 %elt] 
or food1 a man has no *oice b to set    
ab\t gett+ ^! ?+s2 he is 9 s]vitude to 8
 ne$s until he has secur$ prop]ty to    
satisfy !m4 ,b ) a c]ta9 small prop]ty a
 man is free to d _m ?+s1 to take a     
=tnight's holiday :5 he *ooses1 =       
example1 & to try ?is new dep>ture f 8  
"w or t2 ) s mu* m1 he may take a ye> ( 
fre$om & g to ! ends ( ! e>?2 ) s mu* m1

 he may obta9 elaborate app>atus & try  
curi\s novelties1 build himself h\ses & 
make g>d5s1 e/abli% bus9esses & make    
exp]im5ts at l>ge4 ,v spe$ily1 "u       
t]re/rial conditions1 ! prop]ty ( a man 
may rea* su* proportions t 8 fre$om     
oppresses ! fre$om ( o!rs4 ,"h1 aga91 is
 a quantitative "q1 an adju/m5t (       
conflict+ fre$oms1 a quantitative "q t  
too _m p insi/ on mak+ a qualitative "o4
  ,! object s\ght 9 ! code ( prop]ty    
laws t "o w\ld f9d 9 op]ation 9 ,utopia 
w\ld be ! same object t p]vades ! :ole  
,utopian organisation1 namely1 a        
univ]sal maximum ( individual fre$om4   
,:atev] f>-rea*+ movem5ts ! ,/ate or    
great ri* m5 or private corporations may
 make1 ! />vation by any complication ( 
employm5t1 ! unwill+ deportation1 !     
de/ruction ( alt]natives to s]vile      
submissions1 mu/ n ensue4 ,beyond su*   
qualifications1 ! object ( ,mod]n       
,utopian /atesman%ip w be to secure to a
 man ! fre$om giv5 by all 8 legitimate  
prop]ty1 t is to say1 by all ! values 8 

toil or skill or =esight & c\rage h     
br\ght into be+4 ,:atev] he has ju/ly   
made he has a "r to keep1 t is obvi\s   
en\gh2 b he w also h a "r to sell &     
ex*ange1 & s ?is "q ( :at may be prop]ty
 takes really ! =m ( :at may a man buy 9
 ,utopia8  ,a mod]n ,utopian mo/        
assur$ly mu/ h a practically unqualifi$ 
prop]ty 9 all ^? ?+s t become1 z x 71 by
 possession1 ext5sions & expressions ( 8
 p]sonality2 8 clo?+1 8 jewels1 ! tools 
( 8 employm5t1 8 books1 ! objects ( art 
he may h b\ght or made1 8 p]sonal       
weapons 7if ,utopia h ne$ ( su* ?+s71   
insignia1 & s =?4 ,all su* ?+s t he has 
b\ght ) 8 money or acquir$--provid$ he  
is n a pr(essional or habitual deal] 9  
su* prop]ty--w be inali5ably 81 8 to    
give or l5d or keep1 free ev5 f         
taxation4 ,s intimate is ?is sort (     
prop]ty t ,i h no d\bt ,utopia w give a 
man po/hum\s rights ov] x--w p]mit him  
to assign x to a successor ) at ! utmo/ 
! paym5t ( a small r$emption4 ,a horse1 
p]haps1 9 c]ta9 di/ricts1 or a bicycle1 

or any su* me*anical conveyance         
p]sonally us$1 ! ,utopians might f9d x  
well to rank ) ^! possessions4 ,no d\bt1
 too1 a h\se & privacy own$ & occupi$ by
 a man1 & ev5 a man's own h\sehold      
furniture1 might be held to /& z high or
 almo/ z high 9 ! prop]ty scale1 might  
be tax$ z lightly & transf]r$ "u only a 
slightly heavi] r$emption1 provid$ he _h
 n let ^! ?+s on hire1 or o!rwise       
ali5at$ !m f 8 intimate self4 ,a        
?or\gh-go+1 ,democratic ,sociali/ w no  
d\bt be incl9$ at fir/ to object t if ! 
,utopians make ^! ?+s a specially free  
sort ( prop]ty 9 ?is way1 m5 w\ld sp5d  
mu* m ^u !m ?an !y w\ld o!rwise d1 b    
inde$ t w be an excell5t ?+4 ,we are too
 mu* affect$ by ! ne$y atmosph]e ( our  
own mismanag$ _w4 ,9 ,utopia no "o w h  
to hung] because "s love to make & h    
made & own & *]i% beautiful ?+s4 ,to    
give ?is mu* ( prop]ty to individuals w 
t5d to make clo?+1 ornam5tation1        
implem5ts1 books1 & all ! arts f9] & m  
beautiful1 because by buy+ su* ?+s a man

 w secure some?+ inali5able--save 9 !   
case ( bankruptcy--= himself & = ^? :o  
belong to him4 ,moreov]1 a man may 9 8  
lifetime set aside sums to ensure       
special advantages ( education & c>e = !
 immature *ildr5 ( himself & o!rs1 & 9  
?is mann] also ex]cise a po/hum\s "r4   
,footnote3 ,b a ,/atute ( ,mortma9 w set
 a di/9ct "t limit to ! cont9uance ( su*
 b5efactions4 ,a p]iodic revision (     
end[m5ts is a necess>y feature 9 any    
mod]n ,utopia4  ,= all o!r prop]ty1 !   
,utopians w h a scanti] respect2 ev5    
money unsp5t by a man1 & debts to him t 
be> no int]e/1 w at 8 dea? /& ^u a l[]  
level ?an ^! ?+s4 ,:at he did n *oose to
 ga!r & assimilate to himself1 or assign
 = ! special education ( 8 *ildr51 !    
,/ate w %>e 9 ! lion's proportion ) heir
 & legatee4  ,?is applies1 = example1 to
 ! prop]ty t a man creates & acquires 9 
bus9ess ent]prises1 :i* are presumably  
und]tak5 = ga91 & z a means ( liv+ r ?an
 = !mselves4 ,all new ma*9]y1 all new   
me?ods1 all unc]ta9 & v>iable &         

non-univ]sal und]tak+s1 are no bus9ess =
 ! ,/ate2 !y comm5ce always z exp]im5ts 
( unasc]ta9$ value1 & next aft] !       
inv5tion ( money1 !re is no inv5tion has
 s facilitat$ fre$om & progress z !     
inv5tion ( ! limit$ liability company to
 d ?is "w ( trial & adv5ture4 ,! abuses1
 ! necess>y re=ms ( company law on e>?1 
are no conc]n ( ours "h & n[1 suffice x 
t 9 a ,mod]n ,utopia su* laws mu/ be    
suppos$ to be z p]fect z mortal laws c  
possibly be made4 ,caveat v5dor w be a  
s\nd qualification ( ,caveat emptor 9 ! 
beautifully codifi$ ,utopian law4 ,:e!r 
! ,utopian company w be all[$ to pref]  
?is class ( %>e to t or to issue        
deb5tures1 :e!r inde$ usury1 t is to say
 l5d+ money at fix$ rates ( int]e/1 w be
 p]mitt$ at all 9 ,utopia1 "o may v5ture
 to d\bt4 ,b :atev] ! nature ( ! %>es a 
man may hold1 !y w all be sold at 8     
dea?1 & :atev] he has n cle>ly assign$ =
 special educational purposes w--)      
possibly "s fractional concession to ne>
 survivors--lapse to ! ,/ate4 ,! safe   

inve/m5t1 t p]man5t1 undy+ claim ^u !   
community1 is j "o ( ^? ?+s ,utopia w   
disc\rage2 :i* inde$ ! develop+ security
 ( civilisation q automatically         
disc\rages ?r\gh ! fall 9 ! rate (      
int]e/4 ,z we %all see at a lat] /age1 !
 ,/ate w insure ! *ildr5 ( e citiz51 &  
^? legitimately dep5d5t ^u him1 aga9/ ! 
inconv5i5ce ( 8 dea?2 x w c>ry out all  
reasonable additional dispositions he   
may h made = !m 9 ! same ev5t2 & x w    
insure him aga9/ old age & infirmity2 & 
! object ( ,utopian economics w be to   
give a man e inducem5t to sp5d 8 surplus
 money 9 int5sify+ ! quality ( 8        
surr\nd+s1 ei!r by economic adv5tures & 
exp]im5ts1 :i* may yield ei!r losses or 
l>ge pr(its1 or 9 increas+ ! beauty1 !  
pleasure1 ! abundance & promise ( life4 
,besides /rictly p]sonal possessions &  
%>es 9 bus9ess adv5tures1 ,utopia w no  
d\bt p]mit associations ( its citiz5s to
 h a prop]ty 9 v>i\s sorts ( contracts &
 concessions1 9 leases ( agricultural & 
o!r l&1 = example2 9 h\ses !y may h     

built1 factories & ma*9]y !y may h made1
 & ! l4 ,& if a citiz5 pref] to adv5ture
 into bus9ess s+le-h&$1 he w h all !    
fre$oms ( ent]prise enjoy$ by a company2
 9 bus9ess affairs he w be a company (  
"o1 & 8 s+le %>e w be dealt ) at 8 dea? 
l any o!r %>es4444 ,s mu* = ! second k9d
 ( prop]ty4 ,& ^! two k9ds ( prop]ty w  
probably exhau/ ! sorts ( prop]ty a     
,utopian may possess4  ,! tr5d ( mod]n  
?\ght is entirely aga9/ private prop]ty 
9 l& or natural objects or products1 & 9
 ,utopia ^! ?+s w be ! inali5able       
prop]ty ( ! ,_w ,/ate4 ,subject to !    
rights ( free locomotion1 l& w be leas$ 
out to companies or individuals1 b--9   
view ( ! unkn[n necessities ( !         
future--nev] = a long] p]iod ?an1 let u 
say1 fifty ye>s4  ,! prop]ty ( a p>5t 9 
8 *ildr51 & ( a husb& 9 8 wife1 seems to
 be und]go+ a /eadily increas+          
qualification 9 ! _w ( to-day1 b !      
discussion ( ! ,utopian /ate ( affairs 9
 reg>d to su* prop]ty may be bett]      
res]v$ until m>riage becomes our topic4 

,suffice x "h to rem>k1 t ! increas+    
control ( a *ild's welf>e & upbr++ by ! 
community1 & ! gr[+ disposition to limit
 & tax inh]itance are complem5t>y       
aspects ( ! g5]al t5d5cy to reg>d !     
welf>e & free intraplay ( future        
g5]ations no long] z ! conc]n ( p>5ts & 
altrui/ic individuals1 b z ! pr$om9ant  
issue ( /atesman%ip1 & ! duty & moral   
mean+ ( ! _w community z a :ole4        
,section #f  ,f ! conception ( me*anical
 =ce z com+ 9 f ,nature to ! s]vice (   
man1 a conception ! ,utopian proposal ( 
a co9age bas$ on en]gy units w\ld       
emphasise1 arise pr(\nd contra/s betwe5 
! mod]n & ! classical ,utopias4 ,except 
= a meagre use ( wat] p[] = mill+1 & !  
w9d = sail+--s meagre 9 ! latt] case t !
 classical _w nev] contriv$ to d )\t !  
galley slave--& a c]ta9 re/rict$ help f 
ox5 9 pl\gh+1 & f horses 9 locomotion1  
all ! en]gy t su/a9$ ! old-fa%ion$ ,/ate
 0 d]iv$ f ! muscul> ex]tion ( toil+ m54
 ,!y ran _! _w by h&4 ,cont9ual bodily  
lab\r 0 a condition ( social exi/5ce4 ,x

 is only ) ! com+ ( coal burn+1 (       
abundant iron & /eel1 & ( sci5tific k t 
?is condition has be5 *ang$4 ,to-day1 ,i
 suppose1 if x 7 possible to indicate1 9
 units ( en]gy1 ! gr& total ( "w ^u :i* 
! social fabric ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or    
,engl& re/s1 x w\ld be f\nd t a va/ly   
prepond]at+ moiety is d]iv$ f non-human 
s\rces1 f coal & liquid fuel1 &         
explosives & w9d & wat]4 ,!re is e      
indication ( a /eady increase 9 ?is     
proportion ( me*anical en]gy1 9 ?is     
emancipation ( m5 f ! necessity (       
physical lab\r4 ,!re appe>s no limit to 
! invasion ( life by ! ma*9e4  ,n[ x is 
only 9 ! la/ ?ree hundr$ ye>s t any     
human be+ seems to h anticipat$ ?is4 ,x 
/imulates ! imag9ation to rem>k h[      
entirely x 0 ov]look$ z a modify+ cause 
9 human developm5t4 ,footnote3 ,x is    
int]e/+ to note h[ little ev5 ,bacon    
seems to see ( ?is1 9 8 ,new ,atlantis4 
,plato cle>ly _h no ideas ab\t ma*9es at
 all z a =ce affect+ social             
organisation4 ,!re 0 no?+ 9 8 _w to     

sugge/ !m to him4 ,i suppose !re arose  
no inv5tion1 no new me*anical appliance 
or me?od ( ! slighte/ social importance 
?r\gh all 8 l5g? ( ye>s4 ,he nev] ?\ght 
( a ,/ate t did n rely = its =ce ^u     
human muscle1 j z he nev] ?\ght ( a     
,/ate t 0 n prim>ily organis$ = w>f>e h&
 to h&4 ,political & moral inv5tions he 
saw en\gh ( & to sp>e1 & 9 t direction  
he /ill /imulates ! imag9ation4 ,b 9    
reg>d to all mat]ial possibilities he   
dead5s r ?an /imulates4 ,footnote3 ,!   
lo/ ,utopia ( ,hippodamus provid$ rew>ds
 = inv5tors1 b unless ,ari/otle         
misund]/ood him1 & x is c]ta9ly ! fate (
 all ,utopias to be m or less misread1 !
 inv5tions contemplat$ 7 political      
devices4 ,an inf9itude ( nons5se ab\t ! 
,greek m9d w\ld nev] h be5 writt5 if !  
di/9ctive intellectual & arti/ic quality
 ( ,plato's "t1 its extraord9>ily cle>  
def9ition ( c]ta9 mat]ial conditions z  
absolutely p]man5t1 c\pl$ ) its         
politico-social in/ability1 _h be5 borne
 9 m9d4 ,! food ( ! ,greek imag9ation 0 

! v anti!sis ( our own n\ri%m5t4 ,we are
 educat$ by our circum/ances to ?9k no  
revolution 9 appliances & economic      
organisation incr$ible1 our m9ds play   
freely ab\t possibilities t w\ld h /ruck
 ! m5 ( ! ,academy z outrage\s          
extravagance1 & x is 9 reg>d to         
politico-social exp$i5ts t our          
imag9ations fail4 ,sp>ta1 = all !       
evid5ce ( hi/ory1 is sc>cely m cr$ible  
to u ?an a motor-c> ?robb+ 9 ! agora    
w\ld h be5 to ,socrates4  ,by %e]       
inadv]t5ce1 !re=e1 ,plato comm5c$ !     
tradition ( ,utopias )\t ma*9]y1 a      
tradition we f9d ,morris /ill loyally   
foll[+1 except = c]ta9 me*anical b>ges &
 su*-l toys1 9 8 ,news f ,n[h]e4 ,!re   
are "s =e%ad[+s ( me*anical             
possibilities 9 ! ,new ,atlantis1 b x is
 only 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury t ,utopias     
appe>$ 9 :i* ! fact is cle>ly recognis$ 
t ! social fabric re/s no long] ^u human
 lab\r4 ,x 01 ,i believe1 ,cabet        
,footnote3 ,cabet1 ,voyage en ,ic>ie1   
#ahdh4 :o fir/ 9 a ,utopian "w insi/$ ^u

 ! escape ( man f irksome lab\rs ?r\gh !
 use ( ma*9]y4 ,he is ! great primitive 
( mod]n ,utopias1 & ,bellamy is 8       
,am]ican equival5t4 ,hi!rto1 ei!r slave 
lab\r 7,phaleas71 ,footnote3 ,ari/otle's
 ,politics1 ,bk4 ,,ii41 ,*4 ,,viii4 or  
at lea/ class di/9ctions involv+        
unavoidable lab\r 9 ! l[] class1 h be5  
assum$--z ,plato does1 & z ,bacon 9 !   
,new ,atlantis probably int5d$ to d 7,m 
gave 8 ,utopians bondsm5 sans phrase =  
_! mo/ disagreeable toil72 or !re is--z 
9 ,morris & ! outright                  
,return-to-,nature ,utopians--a bold    
make-believe t all toil may be made a   
joy1 & ) t a levell+ d[n ( all society  
to an equal p>ticipation 9 lab\r4 ,b    
inde$ ?is is aga9/ all ! obs]v$ behavi\r
 ( mank9d4 ,x ne$$ ! ,olympian          
unworldl9ess ( an irresponsible ri* man 
( ! %>ehold+ type1 a ,rusk9 or a ,morris
 play+ at life1 to imag9e z mu*4        
,road-mak+ "u ,mr4 ,rusk9's auspices 0 a
 joy at ,ox=d no d\bt1 & a di/9ction1 & 
x /ill rema9s a di/9ction2 x prov$ !    

lea/ contagi\s ( practices4 ,& ,haw?orne
 did n f9d bodily toil any?+ m ?an !    
curse ! ,bible says x is1 at ,brook     
,f>m4 ,footnote3 ,! ,bly!dale ,exp]im5t1
 & see also 8 ,notebook4  ,if toil is a 
bless+1 nev] 0 bless+ s effectually     
disguis$1 & ! v p :o tell u t1 hesitate 
to sugge/ m ?an a beautiful ease 9 !    
endless day ( ,heav54 ,a c]ta9 am\nt (  
bodily or m5tal ex]cise1 a consid]able  
am\nt ( do+ ?+s "u ! direction ( "o's   
free imag9ation is q ano!r matt]4       
,arti/ic production1 = example1 :5 x is 
at its be/1 :5 a man is freely obey+    
himself1 & n tr\bl+ to please o!rs1 is  
really n toil at all4 ,x is q a diff]5t 
?+ digg+ potatoes1 z boys say1 = a l>k1 
& digg+ !m because o!rwise y w />ve1    
digg+ !m day aft] day z a dull1         
unavoidable imp]ative4 ,! ess5ce ( toil 
is t imp]ative1 & ! fact t ! att5tion   
mu/ cramp itself to ! "w 9 h&--t x      
excludes fre$om1 & n t x involves       
fatigue4 ,s long z any?+ b a            
quasi-savage life dep5d$ ^u toil1 s long

 0 x hopeless to expect mank9d to d     
any?+ b /ruggle to conf] j z mu* ( ?is  
bless+ z possible ^u "o ano!r4 ,b n[ t !
 new conditions physical sci5ce is br++ 
ab\t1 n only disp5se ) man z a s\rce (  
en]gy b supply ! hope t all r\t9e "w may
 be made automatic1 x is becom+         
conceivable t pres5tly !re may be no ne$
 = anyone to toil habitually at all2 t a
 lab\r+ class--t is to say1 a class (   
work]s )\t p]sonal initiative--w become 
unnecess>y to ! _w ( m54  ,! pla9       
message physical sci5ce has = ! _w at   
l>ge is ?is1 t 7 our political & social 
& moral devices only z well contriv$ to 
_! ends z a l9otype ma*9e1 an antiseptic
 op]at+ plant1 or an electric tram-c>1  
!re ne$ n[ at ! pres5t mom5t be no      
appreciable toil 9 ! _w1 & only !       
smalle/ fraction ( ! pa91 ! fe>1 & !    
anxiety t n[ makes human life s d\btful 
9 its value4 ,!re is m ?an en\gh =      
ev]yone alive4 ,sci5ce /&s1 a too       
compet5t s]vant1 beh9d h] wrangl+       
und]br$ ma/]s1 hold+ out res\rces1      

devices1 & rem$ies !y are too /upid to  
use4 ,footnote3 ,see t mo/ sugge/ive    
little book1 ,tw5tie? ,c5tury           
,inv5tions1 by ,mr4 ,george ,su!rl&4 ,& 
on its mat]ial side a mod]n ,utopia mu/ 
ne$s pres5t ^! gifts z tak51 & %[ a _w t
 is really aboli%+ ! ne$ ( lab\r1       
aboli%+ ! la/ base reason = anyone's    
s]vitude or inf]iority4   ,section #g   
,! effectual abolition ( a lab\r+ &     
s]vile class w make itself felt 9 e     
detail ( ! inn t w %elt] u1 ( ! b$rooms 
we %all occupy4 ,y conceive my awak5+ to
 all ^! ?+s on ! morn+ aft] our arrival4
 ,i %all lie = a m9ute or s ) my nose   
peep+ ov] ! cov]let1 agreeably & g5tly  
com+ awake1 & ) "s vague nightm>e (     
sitt+ at a common table ) an unavoidable
 du/man 9 gre5 & gold call$ ,b(f91      
,footnote3 ,vide ,william ,morris's     
,news f ,n[h]e4 fad+ out ( my m9d4 ,!n  
,i %\ld />t up4 ,y figure my            
appreh5sive1 />tl$ inspection ( my      
*amb]4 ,:]e am ,i8 t classic phrase1    
recurs4 ,!n ,i p]ceive q cle>ly t ,i am 

9 b$ 9 ,utopia4  ,utopia6 ,! ^w is en\gh
 to br+ anyone out ( b$1 to ! ne>e/     
w9d[1 b !nce ,i see no m ?an ! great    
m\nta9 mass beh9d ! inn1 a v t]re/rial  
look+ m\nta9 mass4 ,i return to !       
contrivances ab\t me1 & make my         
exam9ation z ,i dress1 paus+ g>m5t 9 h& 
to hov] ov] fir/ ?is ?+ ( int]e/ & !n t4
  ,! room is1 ( c\rse1 v cle> & clean & 
simple2 n by any means *eaply equipp$1 b
 design$ to economise ! lab\r ( r$d+ &  
repair j z mu* z is possible4 ,x is     
beautifully proportion$1 & r l[] ?an mo/
 rooms ,i "k on e>?4 ,!re is no         
fireplace1 & ,i am p]plex$ by t until ,i
 f9d a !rmomet] beside six swit*es on ! 
wall4 ,above ?is swit*-bo>d is a brief  
in/ruction3 "o swit* w>ms ! floor1 :i*  
is n c>pet$1 b cov]$ by a sub/ance l s(t
 oilclo?2 "o w>ms ! mattress 7:i* is (  
metal ) resi/ance coils ?read$ to & fro 
9 x72 & ! o!rs w>m ! wall 9 v>i\s       
degrees1 ea* direct+ curr5t ?r\gh a     
sep>ate sy/em ( resi/ances4 ,! casem5t  
does n op51 b above1 flu% ) ! ceil+1 a  

noiseless rapid fan pumps air out ( !   
room4 ,! air ent]s by a ,tob9 %aft4 ,!re
 is a recess dress+-room1 equipp$ ) a   
ba? & all t is necess>y to "o's         
toilette1 & ! wat]1 "o rem>ks1 is w>m$1 
if "o desires x w>m1 by pass+ x ?r\gh an
 electrically heat$ spiral ( tub+4 ,a   
cake ( soap drops out ( a /ore ma*9e on 
! turn ( a h&le1 & :5 y h done ) x1 y   
drop t & y\r soil$ t[els & s =?1 :i*    
also are giv5 y by ma*9es1 into a little
 box1 ?r\gh ! bottom ( :i* !y drop at   
once1 & sail d[n a smoo? %aft4 ,a little
 notice tells y ! price ( y\r room1 & y 
ga!r ! price is d\bl$ if y d n leave !  
toilette z y f\nd x4 ,beside ! b$1 & to 
be lit at night by a h&y swit* ov] !    
pill[1 is a little clock1 its face flu% 
) ! wall4 ,! room has no corn]s to ga!r 
dirt1 wall meets floor ) a g5tle curve1 
& ! ap>tm5t c\ld be swept out           
effectually by a few /rokes ( a         
me*anical sweep]4 ,! door frames & w9d[ 
frames are ( metal1 r\nd$ & imp]vi\s to 
draught4 ,y are politely reque/$ to turn

 a h&le at ! foot ( y\r b$ be=e leav+ ! 
room1 & =?) ! frame turns up into a     
v]tical position1 & ! b$clo!s hang air+4
 ,y /& at ! doorway & realise t !re     
rema9s n a m9ute's "w = anyone to d4    
,memories ( ! foetid disord] ( _m an    
e>?ly b$room aft] a night's use float   
across y\r m9d4  ,& y mu/ n imag9e ?is  
du/less1 spotless1 sweet ap>tm5t z any?+
 b beautiful4 ,its appe>ance is a little
 unfamili> ( c\rse1 b all ! muddle (    
du/-collect+ hang+s & witless ornam5t t 
cov] ! e>?ly b$room1 ! valances1 !      
curta9s to *eck ! draught f ! ill-fitt+ 
wood w9d[s1 ! wor?less irrelevant       
pictures1 usually a little askew1 ! du/y
 c>pets1 & all ! p>aph]nalia ab\t !     
dirty1 black-lead$ fireplace are gone4  
,b ! fa9tly t9t$ walls are fram$ ) j "o 
cle> col\r$ l9e1 z f9ely plac$ z ! memb]
 ( a ,greek capital2 ! door h&les & !   
l9es ( ! panels ( ! door1 ! two *airs1 !
 framework ( ! b$1 ! writ+ table1 h all 
t f9al simplicity1 t exquisite f9i% (   
cont\r t is begott5 ( su/a9$ arti/ic    

ef=t4 ,! graci\sly %ap$ w9d[s ea* frame 
a picture--s9ce !y are draughtless !    
w9d[ seats are no m]e mock]ies z are !  
w9d[ seats ( e>?--& on ! sill1 ! sole ?+
 to ne$ att5tion 9 ! room1 is "o little 
b[l ( blue ,alp9e fl[]s4  ,! same       
exquisite simplicity meets "o d[n/airs4 
,our l&lord sits d[n at table ) u = a   
mom5t1 & see+ we d n und]/& !           
electrically heat$ c(fee-pot be=e u1 %[s
 u :at to d4 ,c(fee & milk we h1 9 !    
,cont95tal fa%ion1 & "s excell5t rolls &
 butt]4  ,he is a sw>?y little man1 our 
l&lord1 & ov]night we saw him preoccupi$
 ) o!r gue/s4 ,b we h ris5 ei!r late or 
e>ly by ,utopian /&>ds1 we "k n :i*1 &  
?is morn+ he has u to himself4 ,8 be>+  
is k9dly & in(f5sive1 b he _c conceal ! 
curiosity t possesses him4 ,8 eye meets 
ours ) a mute inquiry1 & !n z we fall   
to1 we cat* him scrut9is+ our cuffs1 our
 g>m5ts1 our boots1 our faces1 our table
 mann]s4 ,he asks no?+ at fir/1 b says a
 ^w or s ab\t our night's com=t & !     
day's wea!r1 phrases t h an air ( be+   

cu/om>y4 ,!n comes a sil5ce t is        
int]rogative4  ,excell5t c(fee1 ,i say  
to fill ! gap4  ,& excell5t rolls1 says 
my botani/4  ,our l&lord indicates 8    
s5se ( our approval4  ,a mom5t>y        
div]sion is caus$ by ! entry ( an       
elf9-tress$ little girl1 :o />es at u   
half impud5tly1 half %yly1 ) bright     
black eyes1 hesitates at ! botani/'s    
clumsy smile & nod1 & !n goes & /&s by  
h] fa!r & surveys u /eadfa/ly4  ,y h    
come f>8 v5tures our l&lord1 patt+ 8    
daught]'s %\ld]4  ,i glance at !        
botani/4 ,yes1 ,i say1 we h4  ,i exp&4  
,we h come s f> t ?is c\ntry ( y\rs     
seems v /range inde$ to u4  ,! m\nta9s8 
,n only ! m\nta9s4  ,y came up out ( !  
,tic9o valley8  ,no--n t way4  ,by !    
,ob]alp8  ,no4  ,! ,furka8  ,no4  ,n up 
f ! lake8  ,no4  ,he looks puzzl$4  ,we 
came1 ,i say1 f ano!r _w4  ,he seems    
try+ to und]/&4 ,!n a ?\ght /rikes him1 
& he s5ds away 8 little girl ) a ne$less
 message to h] "m4  ,ah6 he says4 ,ano!r
 _w--eh8 ,mean+----8  ,ano!r _w--f> 9 ! 

deeps ( space4  ,!n at ! expression ( 8 
face "o realises t a ,mod]n ,utopia w   
probably keep its m intellig5t citiz5s =
 bett] "w ?an inn-t5d+4 ,he is evid5tly 
inaccessible to ! idea we ?9k ( putt+   
be=e him4 ,he />es at u a mom5t1 & !n   
rem>ks1 ,!re's ! book to sign4  ,we f9d 
ourselves confront$ ) a book1 a little  
aft] ! fa%ion ( ! famili> hotel         
visitors' book ( e>?4 ,he places ?is    
be=e u1 & beside x puts p5 & ink & a    
slab1 ^u :i* ink has be5 fre%ly sme>$4  
,?umbm>ks1 says my sci5tific fri5d      
ha/ily 9 ,engli%4  ,y %[ me h[ to d x1  
,i say z quickly4  ,he signs fir/1 & ,i 
look ov] 8 %\ld]4  ,he is display+ m    
read9ess ?an ,i %\ld h expect$4 ,! book 
is rul$ 9 broad transv]se l9es1 & has a 
space = a "n1 = a numb]1 & a ?umbm>k4   
,he puts 8 ?umb ^u ! slab & makes !     
?umbm>k fir/ ) ! utmo/ delib]ation4     
,mean:ile he /udies ! o!r two entries4  
,! numb]s ( ! previ\s gue/s above are   
complex muddles ( lett]s & figures4 ,he 
writes 8 "n1 !n ) a calm assurance      

writes d[n 8 numb]1 ,a4,m4a4#afjg4b4;ab4
 ,i am wrung ) mom5t>y admiration4 ,i   
foll[ 8 example1 & fabricate an equally 
impos+ signature4 ,we ?9k ourselves v   
clev]4 ,! l&lord pr(f]s f+] b[ls = our  
?umbs1 & 8 eye goes1 j a little         
curi\sly1 to our entries4  ,i decide x  
is advisable to pay & g be=e any        
conv]sation ab\t our =mulae arises4  ,z 
we em]ge into ! corridor1 & ! morn+     
sunlight ( ! ,utopian _w1 ,i see !      
l&lord b5d+ ov] ! book4  ,come on1 ,i   
say4 ,! mo/ tiresome ?+ 9 ! _w is       
explanations1 & ,i p]ceive t if we d n  
get along1 !y w fall ^u u n[4  ,i glance
 back to discov] ! l&lord & a gracefully
 rob$ woman /&+ outside ! pretty        
simplicity ( ! ,utopian inn1 wat*+ u    
d\btfully z we rec$e4  ,come on1 ,i     
insi/4   ,section #h  ,we %\ld g t[>ds !
 ,s*oell55 gorge1 & z we w5t1 our fre%  
morn+ s5ses w\ld ga!r toge!r a ?\s&     
factors = our impression ( ?is m        
civilis$ _w4 ,a ,mod]n ,utopia w h done 
) yapp+ ab\t nationality1 & s ! ugly    

=tifications1 ! b>racks & milit>y       
defilem5ts ( ! e>?ly vale ( ,urs]5 w be 
want+4 ,in/ead !re w be a great         
multitude ( graci\s little h\ses clu/]+ 
9 college-l gr\ps1 no d\bt ab\t _!      
common kit*5s & halls1 d[n & ab\t !     
valley slopes4 ,& !re w be _m m trees1 &
 a great v>iety ( trees--all ! _w w h   
be5 ransack$ = w9t] conif]s4 ,despite ! 
height ( ! valley !re w be a d\ble av5ue
 along ! road4 ,?is high road ) its     
tramway w\ld turn ) u to desc5d ! gorge1
 & we %\ld hesitate ^u ! adv5ture (     
bo>d+ ! tra94 ,b n[ we %\ld h ! memory (
 our l&lord's curi\s eye ^u u1 & we %\ld
 decide at la/ to def] ! risk (         
explanations su* an ent]prise might     
precipitate4  ,we %\ld g by ! great road
 = a "t1 & note some?+ ( ! diff]5ce     
betwe5 ,utopian & t]re/rial eng9e]+4  ,!
 tramway1 ! tra9 road1 ! culv]ts1 &     
bridges1 ! ,urn]lo* tunnel1 into :i* !  
road plunges1 w all be beautiful ?+s4   
,!re is no?+ 9 ma*9]y1 !re is no?+ 9    
embankm5ts & railways & iron bridges &  

eng9e]+ devices to oblige !m to be ugly4
 ,ugl9ess is ! measure ( imp]fection2 a 
?+ ( human mak+ is = ! mo/ "p ugly 9    
proportion to ! pov]ty ( its con/ructive
 ?\ght1 to ! failure ( its produc] fully
 to grasp ! purpose ( its be+4 ,ev]y?+  
to :i* m5 cont9ue to give ?\ght &       
att5tion1 :i* !y make & remake 9 ! same 
direction1 & ) a cont9u+ desire to d z  
well z !y c1 gr[s beautiful inevitably4 
,?+s made by mank9d "u mod]n conditions 
are ugly1 prim>ily because our social   
organisation is ugly1 because we live 9 
an atmosph]e ( snat* & unc]ta9ty1 & d   
ev]y?+ 9 an und]br$ /r5u\s mann]4 ,?is  
is ! mis=tune ( ma*9]y1 & n its fault4  
,art1 l "s beautiful plant1 lives on its
 atmosph]e1 & :5 ! atmosph]e is good1 x 
w gr[ ev]y:]e1 & :5 x is bad n[h]e4 ,if 
we sma%$ & buri$ e ma*9e1 e furnace1 e  
factory 9 ! _w1 & )\t any fur!r *ange   
set ourselves to home indu/ries1 h&     
lab\r1 spade husb&ry1 %eep-fold+ & pig  
m9d+1 we %\ld /ill d ?+s 9 ! same ha/e1 
& a*ieve no?+ b dirt9ess1 inconv5i5ce1  

bad air1 & ano!r gaunt & gawky          
reflection ( our intellectual & moral   
disord]4 ,we %\ld m5d no?+4  ,b 9       
,utopia a man :o designs a tram road w  
be a cultivat$ man1 an arti/ craftsman2 
he w /rive1 z a good writ]1 or a pa9t]  
/rives1 to a*ieve ! simplicity (        
p]fection4 ,he w make 8 gird]s & rails &
 p>ts z graci\s z t fir/ eng9e]1        
,nature1 has made ! /ems ( h] plants & !
 jo9ts & ge/ures ( h] animals4 ,to e/eem
 him a sort ( anti-arti/1 to c\nt e man 
:o makes ?+s ) 8 unaid$ ?umbs an arti/1 
& e man :o uses ma*9]y z a brute1 is    
m]ely a pass+ phase ( human /upidity4   
,?is tram road beside u w be a triumph (
 design4 ,! idea w be s unfamili> to u t
 = a "t x w n occur to u t x is a sy/em 
( beautiful objects at all4 ,we %all    
admire its +5i\s adaptation to ! ne$ ( a
 di/rict t is buri$ half ! ye> 9 sn[1 ! 
h>d b$ bel[1 curv$ & gutt]$ to d its own
 cle>+1 ! great ar*$ sleep] masses1     
rais+ ! rails a good two y>ds above !   
gr\nd1 ! easy1 simple /&>ds &           

insulators4 ,!n x w creep 9 ^u our m9ds1
 ,b1 by ,jove6 ,?is is design$6  ,inde$ 
! :ole ?+ w be design$4  ,lat] on1      
p]haps1 we may f9d /ud5ts 9 an art s*ool
 work+ 9 competition to design an       
electric tram1 /ud5ts :o "k some?+ (    
mod]n metallurgy1 & some?+ ( electrical 
eng9e]+1 & we %all f9d p z ke5ly        
critical ( a signal box or an iron      
bridge z !y are on e>? (----6 ,heav5s6  
:at are !y critical ab\t on e>?8  ,!    
quality & condition ( a dress tie6  ,we 
%\ld make "s unpatriotic comp>isons )   
our own planet1 no d\bt4    ,,*apt] ,,! 
,,f\r?  ,! ,voice ( ,nature   ,section  
#a  ,pres5tly we recognise ! fell[ ( !  
e>?ly ,devil's ,bridge1 /ill intact z a 
footway1 spann+ ! gorge1 & old memories 
turn u (f ! road d[n ! /eep ru9 ( an    
anci5t mule track t[>ds x4 ,x is our    
fir/ rem9d] t ,utopia too mu/ h a       
hi/ory4 ,we cross x & f9d ! ,reuss1 =   
all t x has already lit & w>m$ &        
v5tilat$ & clean$ sev]al ?\s&s ( h\ses 9
 ! dale above1 & = all t x drives ^?    

easy trams 9 ! gall]y ov]head1 is yet   
capable ( z f9e a cascade z ev] x flung 
on e>?4 ,s we come to a rocky pa?1 wild 
z "o c\ld wi%1 & desc5d1 disc\rs+ h[    
good & fair an ord]$ _w may be1 b ) a   
c]ta9 un=mulat$ qualification 9 our m9ds
 ab\t ^? ?umb m>ks we h left beh9d4  ,d 
y recall ! ,z]matt valley8 says my      
fri5d1 & h[ on e>? x reeks & /9ks )     
smoke8  ,p make t an argum5t = ob/ruct+ 
*ange1 in/ead ( help+ x =w>d6  ,& "h    
p]=ce an episode intrudes4 ,we are      
invad$ by a talkative p]son4  ,he       
ov]takes u & beg9s talk+ =?) 9 a fluty1 
b n unamiable1 t5or4 ,he is a great     
talk]1 ?is man1 & a fairly respectable  
ge/iculator1 & to him x is we make our  
fir/ ineffectual t5tatives at expla9+ :o
 inde$ we are2 b 8 fl[ ( talk wa%es t   
all away aga94 ,he has a face ( t       
rubicund1 knobby type ,i h he>d an      
indignant m9]alogi/ speak ( z           
botryoidal1 & ab\t x waves a quantity ( 
disord]ly blond hair4 ,he is dress$ 9   
lea!r d\blet & knee bree*es1 & he we>s  

ov] ^! a /ream+ wooll5 cloak ( fad$     
crimson t give him a f9e dramatic outl9e
 z he comes d[n t[>ds u ov] ! rocks4 ,8 
feet1 :i* are l>ge & h&some1 b bright   
p9k ) ! ke5 morn+ air1 are b>e1 except =
 s&als ( lea!r4 7,x 0 ! only "t t we saw
 anyone 9 ,utopia ) b>e feet47 ,he      
salutes u ) a scroll-l wav+ ( 8 /ick1 & 
falls 9 ) our sl[] paces4  ,climb]s1 ,i 
presume8 he says1 & y scorn ^! trams (  
!irs8 ,i l y4 ,s d ,i6 ,:y a man %\ld   
cons5t to be dealt ) z a bale ( goods   
hold+ an indi/9ctive ticket--:5 ,god    
gave him legs & a face--passes my       
und]/&+4  ,z he speaks1 8 /aff indicates
 ! great me*anical road t runs across ! 
gorge & high ov]head ?r\gh a gall]y 9 ! 
rock1 foll[s x along until x turns !    
corn]1 picks x up z a viaduct f> bel[1  
traces x until x plunges into an arcade 
?r\gh a jutt+ crag1 & !re dismisses x ) 
a spiral :irl4 ,no6 he says4  ,he seems 
s5t by ,provid5ce1 = j n[ we _h be5     
discuss+ h[ we %\ld broa* our rem>kable 
situation to ^! ,utopians be=e our money

 is sp5t4  ,our eyes meet1 & ,i ga!r f !
 botani/ t ,i am to op5 our case4  ,i d 
my be/4  ,y came f ! o!r side ( space6  
says ! man 9 ! crimson cloak1 int]rupt+ 
me4 ,precisely6 ,i l t--x's exactly my  
note6 ,s d ,i6 ,& y f9d ?is _w /range6  
,exactly my case6 ,we are bro!rs6 ,we   
%all be 9 sympa?y4 ,i am amaz$1 ,i h be5
 amaz$ z long z ,i c rememb]1 & ,i %all 
die1 mo/ c]ta9ly1 9 a /ate ( incr$ul\s  
amazem5t1 at ?is rem>kable _w4 ,eh8 444 
,y f\nd y\rselves sudd5ly ^u a m\nta9   
top6 ,=tunate m56 ,he *uckl$4 ,= my "p  
,i f\nd myself 9 ! /ill /rang] position 
( infant to two p>5ts ( ! mo/           
intractable dispositions6  ,! fact      
rema9s1 ,i prote/4  ,a position1 ,i c   
assure y1 dem&+ ,tact ( an altoge!r     
sup]human quality6  ,we desi/ = a space 
f ! attempt to expla9 our rem>kable     
selves1 & = ! re/ ( ! "t ?is picturesque
 & exceptional ,utopian takes ! talk    
entirely "u 8 control4444   ,section #b 
,an agreeable p]son1 ?\gh a little      
di/ract+1 he 01 & he talk$1 we recall1 (

 _m ?+s4 ,he impress$ u1 we f\nd        
aft]w>ds1 z a poseur beyond "q1 a       
consci\s ,i%maelite 9 ! _w ( wit1 & 9 "s
 subtly inexplicable way z a mo/        
consummate ass4 ,he talk$ fir/ ( !      
excell5t & commodi\s trams t came f ov] 
! passes1 & ran d[n ! long valley t[>ds 
middle ,switz]l&1 & ( all ! gr[? (      
pleasant homes & *alets amid/ ! heights 
t made ! op5+ gorge s diff]5t f its     
e>?ly p>allel1 ) a f9e disrespect4 ,b !y
 are beautiful1 ,i prote/$4 ,!y are     
graci\sly proportion$1 !y are plac$ 9   
well-*os5 positions2 !y give no (f5ce to
 ! eye4  ,:at d we "k ( ! beauty !y     
replace8 ,!y are a m]e ra%4 ,:y %\ld we 
m5 play ! "p ( bact]ia ^u ! face ( our  
,"m8  ,all life is t6  ,no6 n natural   
life1 n ! plants & ! g5tle creatures t  
live _! wild %y lives 9 =e/ & jungle4 ,t
 is a "p ( h]4 ,t is ! natural bloom (  
h] complexion4 ,b ^! h\ses & tramways & 
?+s1 all made f ore & /uff torn f h]    
ve9s----6 ,y c't bett] my image ( ! ra%4
 ,x's a morbid break+ out6 ,i'd give x  

all = "o--:at is x8--free & natural     
*amois4  ,y live at times 9 a h\se8 ,i  
ask$4  ,he ignor$ my "q4 ,= him1        
untr\bl$ ,nature 0 ! be/1 he said1 &1 ) 
a glance at 8 feet1 ! mo/ beautiful4 ,he
 pr(ess$ himself a ,naz>ite1 & %ook back
 8 ,teutonic poet's %ock ( hair4 ,s he  
came to himself1 & = ! re/ ( our walk he
 kept to himself z ! ?read ( 8 disc\rse1
 & w5t ov] himself f top to toe1 & /rung
 !reon all topics "u ! sun by way (     
illu/rat+ 8 spl5d\rs4 ,b especially 8   
foil 0 ! relative folly1 ! unnaturalness
 & want ( logic 9 8 fell[ m54 ,he held  
/rong views ab\t ! extreme simplicity ( 
ev]y?+1 only t m51 9 _!                 
muddle-head$ness1 _h conf\nd$ x all4    
,h5ce1 = example1 ^! trams6 ,!y are     
always runn+ up & d[n z ?\gh !y 7 look+ 
= ! lo/ simplicity ( nature4 ',we dropp$
 x "h6' ,he e>n$ a liv+1 we ga!r$1 "s   
consid]able way above ! m9imum wage1 :i*
 ?rew a *ance light on ! lab\r          
problem--by p]=at+ records = automatic  
musical ma*9es--no d\bt ( ! ,pianoti/ & 

,pianola k9d--& he sp5t all ! leisure he
 c\ld ga9 9 go+ to & fro 9 ! e>? lectur+
 on ,! ,ne$ ( a ,return to ,nature1 & on
 ,simple ,foods & ,simple ,ways4 ,he did
 x = ! love ( x4 ,x 0 v cle> to u he _h 
an inord9ate impulse to lecture1 &      
e/eem$ u fair game4 ,he _h be5 lectur+  
on ^! topics 9 ,italy1 & he 0 n[ go+    
back ?r\gh ! m\nta9s to lecture 9       
,saxony1 lectur+ on ! way1 to p]=ate a  
lot m records1 lectur+ ! :ile1 & s />t  
out lectur+ aga94 ,he 0 undisguis$ly    
glad to h u to lecture to by ! way4  ,he
 call$ our att5tion to 8 co/ume at an   
e>ly /age4 ,x 0 ! embodim5t ( 8 ideal ( 
,nature-clo?+1 & x _h be5 made          
especially = him at v great co/4 ,simply
 because naturalness has fl$ ! e>?1 &   
has to be s\ght n[1 & wa%$ out f y\r    
cru%$ complexities l gold4  ,i %\ld h   
?\ght1 said ,i1 t any clo?+ :atev] 0    
some?+ ( a slight ^u ! natural man4  ,n 
at all1 said he1 n at all6 ,y =get 8    
natural vanity6  ,he 0 p>ticul>ly sev]e 
on our artificial ho(s1 z he call$ our  

boots1 & our hats or hair de/ructors4   
,man is ! real ,k+ ( ,bea/s & %\ld we> a
 mane4 ,! lion only we>s x by cons5t & 9
 captivity4 ,he toss$ 8 head4           
,subsequ5tly :ile we lun*$ & he wait$ = 
! specific natural di%es he ord]$--!y   
tax$ ! cul9>y res\rces ( ! inn to !     
utmo/--he broa*$ a compreh5sive         
g5]alisation4 ,! animal k+dom & !       
vegetable k+dom are easily di/+ui%$1 & =
 ! life ( me ,i see no reason = confus+ 
!m4 ,x is1 ,i hold1 a s9 aga9/ ,nature4 
,i keep !m di/9ct 9 my m9d & ,i keep !m 
di/9ct 9 my p]son4 ,no animal sub/ance  
inside1 no vegetable )\t2--:at c\ld be  
simpl] or m logical8 ,no?+ ^u me b lea!r
 & allwool g>m5ts1 )91 c]eals1 fruit1   
nuts1 h]bs1 & ! l4                      
,classification--ord]--man's function4  
,he is "h to obs]ve & acc5tuate         
,nature's simplicity4 ,^! p--he swept an
 arm t tri$ n too p]sonally to include  
u--are fill$ & cov]$ ) confusion4  ,he  
ate great quantities ( grapes & f9i%$ ) 
a cig>ette4 ,he dem&$ & drank a great   

horn ( unf]m5t$ grape juice1 & x seem$  
to suit him well4  ,we ?ree sat ab\t !  
bo>d--x 0 9 an agreeable little arb\r on
 a hill h>d by ! place :]e ,wass5 /&s on
 e>?1 & x look$ d[n ! valley to ! ,uri  
,ro?/ock1 & ev] & aga9 we s\ght to turn 
8 und5iable gift ( exposition to !      
elucidation ( our own difficulties4  ,b 
we seem$ to get little1 8 /yle 0 s      
elusive4 ,aft]w>ds1 inde$1 we f\nd mu*  
in=mation & _m p]suasions _h soak$ into 
u1 b at ! "t x seem$ to u he told u     
no?+4 ,he indicat$ ?+s by dots & da%es1 
in/ead ( by good h>d ass]tive l9es4 ,he 
w\ld n pause to see h[ little we knew4  
,sometimes 8 wit rose s high t he w\ld  
lose sight ( x himself1 & !n he w\ld    
pause1 purse 8 lips z if he :i/l$1 & !n 
till ! bird came back to ! lure1 fill 8 
void m\? ) grapes4 ,he talk$ ( !        
relations ( ! sexes1 & love--a passion  
he held 9 great contempt z be+ 9 its    
ess5ce complex & dis+5u\s--& aft]w>ds we
 f\nd we _h le>nt mu* ( :at ! m>riage   
laws ( ,utopia all[ & =bid4  ,a simple  

natural fre$om1 he said1 wav+ a grape 9 
an illu/rative mann]1 & s we ga!r$ !    
,mod]n ,utopia did n at any rate g to t4
 ,he spoke1 too1 ( ! regulation (       
unions1 ( p :o 7 n all[$ to h *ildr51 ( 
complicat$ rules & int]v5tions4 ,man1 he
 said1 _h ceas$ to be a natural product6
  ,we tri$ to *eck him ) que/ions at ?is
 mo/ illum9at+ po9t1 b he drove on l a  
torr5t1 & c>ri$ 8 topic out ( sight4 ,! 
_w1 he held1 0 ov]manag$1 & t 0 ! root (
 all evil4 ,he talk$ ( ! ov]managem5t ( 
! _w1 & among o!r ?+s ( ! laws t w\ld n 
let a poor simple idiot1 a natural1 g at
 l>ge4 ,& s we _h our fir/ glimpse ( :at
 ,utopia did ) ! feeble & insane4 ,we   
make all ^! di/9ctions betwe5 man & man1
 we exalt ?is & fav\r t1 & degrade &    
seclude t2 we make bir? artificial1 life
 artificial1 dea? artificial4  ,y say   
,we1 said ,i1 ) ! fir/ glimm]+ ( a new  
idea1 b y don't p>ticipate8  ,n ,i6 ,i'm
 n "o ( y\r samurai1 y\r volunt>y       
noblem5 :o h tak5 ! _w 9 h&4 ,i might   
be1 ( c\rse1 b ,i'm n4  ,samurai6 ,i    

repeat$1 volunt>y noblem56 & = ! mom5t  
c\ld n frame a "q4  ,he :irl$ on to an  
attack on sci5ce1 t /irr$ ! botani/ to  
controv]sy4 ,he d5\nc$ ) great bitt]ness
 all speciali/s :atev]1 & p>ticul>ly    
doctors & eng9e]s4  ,volunt>y noblem56  
he said1 volunt>y ,gods ,i fancy !y ?9k 
!mselves1 & ,i 0 left beh9d = a space 9 
! p]plex$ exam9ation ( ?is p>5!sis1 :ile
 he & ! botani/--:o is s$ul\s to keep 8 
dige/ion up to date ) all ! newe/       
devices--argu$ ab\t ! good ( m$ic9e m54 
,! natural human con/itution1 said !    
blond-hair$ man1 is p]fectly simple1 )  
"o simple condition--y mu/ leave x to   
,nature4 ,b if y mix up ?+s s di/9ctly &
 ess5tially sep>at$ z ! animal &        
vegetable k+doms = example1 & ram t 9 = 
x to dige/1 :at c y expect8  ,ill heal?6
 ,!re isn't su* a ?+--9 ! c\rse (       
,nature4 ,b y %elt] f ,nature 9 h\ses1 y
 protect y\rselves by clo!s t are useful
 in/ead ( be+ ornam5tal1 y wa%--) su*   
ab/]sive *emicals z soap = example--&   
above all y consult doctors4 ,he approv$

 himself ) a *uckle4 ,h y ev] f\nd      
anyone s]i\sly ill )\t doctors & m$ic9e 
ab\t8 ,nev]6 ,y say a lot ( p w\ld die  
)\t %elt] & m$ical att5dance6 ,no       
d\bt--b a natural dea?4 ,a natural dea? 
is bett] ?an an artificial life1 surely8
 ,t's--to be frank ) y--! v citadel ( my
 position4  ,t l$ him1 & r promptly1    
be=e ! botani/ c\ld rally to reply1 to a
 great tirade aga9/ ! laws t =bade      
sleep+ out4 ,he d5\nc$ !m ) great vig\r1
 & alleg$ t = 8 own "p he broke t law   
:5ev] he c\ld1 f\nd "s corn] ( moss1    
%ad$ f an excess ( dew1 & !re sat up to 
sleep4 ,he slept1 he said1 always 9 a   
sitt+ position1 ) 8 head on 8 wri/s1 & 8
 wri/s on 8 knees--! simple natural     
position = sleep 9 man4444 ,he said x   
w\ld be f> bett] if all ! _w slept out1 
& all ! h\ses 7 pull$ d[n4  ,y w und]/&1
 p]haps1 ! subdu$ irritation ,i felt1 z 
,i sat & li/5$ to ! botani/ entangl+    
himself 9 ! logical net ( ?is wild      
nons5se4 ,x impress$ me z be+           
irrelevant4 ,:5 "o comes to a ,utopia "o

 expects a ,cic]one1 "o expects a p]son 
z precise & insi/5t & in/ructive z an   
,am]ican adv]tisem5t--! adv]tisem5t ( "o
 ( ^? l& ag5ts1 = example1 :o pr9t _!   
own engag+ photographs to in/il         
confid5ce & beg91 ,y want to buy real   
e/ate4 ,"o expects to f9d all ,utopians 
absolutely conv9c$ ( ! p]fection ( _!   
,utopia1 & incapable ( receiv+ a h9t    
aga9/ its ord]4 ,& "h 0 ?is purveyor (  
absurdities6  ,& yet n[ t ,i come to ?9k
 x ov]1 is n ?is too "o ( ! necess>y    
diff]5ces betwe5 a ,mod]n ,utopia & ^?  
f9ite compact settlem5ts ( ! old] s*ool 
( dream]s8 ,x is n to be a unanim\s _w  
any m1 x is to h all & m ( ! m5tal      
contr>iety we f9d 9 ! _w ( ! real2 x is 
no long] to be p]fectly explicable1 x is
 j our own va/ my/]i\s welt]1 ) "s ( !  
blacke/ %ad[s gone1 ) a cle>]           
illum9ation1 & a m consci\s & intellig5t
 w4 ,irrelevance is n irrelevant to su* 
a s*eme1 & our blond-hair$ fri5d is     
exactly j :]e he ought to be "h4        
,/ill----   ,section #c  ,i ceas$ to    

li/5 to ! argum5tation ( my botani/ )   
?is apo/le ( ,nature4 ,! botani/1 9 8   
sci5tific way1 01 ,i believe1 def5d+ !  
le>n$ pr(essions4 7,he ?9ks & argues l  
draw+ on squ>$ pap]47 ,x /ruck me z     
transi5tly rem>kable t a man :o c\ld n  
be induc$ to =get himself & 8 p]sonal   
tr\bles on com+ into a :ole new _w1 :o  
c\ld wa/e our fir/ ev5+ 9 ,utopia ^u a  
paltry egoti/ical love /ory1 %\ld       
pres5tly become q heat$ & imp]sonal 9 ! 
discussion ( sci5tific pr(essionalism4  
,he 0--absorb$4 ,i c't attempt to expla9
 ^! vivid spots & bl9d spots 9 !        
imag9ations ( sane m52 !re !y are6  ,y  
say1 said ! botani/1 ) a preval5t index 
f+]1 & ! resolute delib]ation ( a big   
siege gun be+ lugg$ into action ov] r\gh
 gr\nd by a numb] ( inexp]i5c$ m51 y    
pref] a natural dea? to an artificial   
life4 ,b :at is y\r def9ition 7/ress7 ( 
artificial8 444  ,& aft] lun* too6 ,i   
ceas$ to li/51 flick$ ! end ( my        
cig>ette a% ov] ! gre5 trellis ( !      
arb\r1 /ret*$ my legs ) a f9e           

re/fulness1 leant back1 & gave my m9d to
 ! fields & h\ses t lay ad[n ! valley4  
,:at ,i saw int]wove ) fragm5t>y ?+s our
 g>rul\s fri5d _h said1 & ) ! tr5d ( my 
own speculations4444  ,! high road1 )   
its tramways & its av5ues on ei!r side1 
ran 9 a bold curve1 & ) "o great loop ( 
desc5t1 d[n ! opposite side ( ! valley1 
& bel[ cross$ aga9 on a beautiful       
viaduct1 & dipp$ into an arcade 9 ! side
 ( ! ,bri/5/ock4 ,our inn /ood out      
boldly1 high above ! level ?is took4 ,! 
h\ses clu/]$ 9 _! collegiate gr\ps ov]  
by ! high road1 & ne> ! subord9ate way t
 ran almo/ v]tically bel[ u & pa/ u & up
 t[>ds ! valley ( ! ,mei5 ,reuss4 ,!re 7
 "o or two ,utopians cutt+ & pack+ !    
fl[]y m\nta9 grass 9 ! c>efully levell$ 
& irrigat$ mead[s by means ( swift1     
light ma*9es t ran on ?+s l feet & seem$
 to dev\r ! h]bage1 & !re 7 _m *ildr5 & 
a woman or s1 go+ to & fro among ! h\ses
 ne> at h&4 ,i guess$ a c5tral build+   
t[>ds ! high road mu/ be ! s*ool f :i*  
^! *ildr5 7 com+4 ,i not$ ! heal? &     

cleanl9ess ( ^! "y heirs ( ,utopia z !y 
pass$ bel[4  ,! p]vad+ quality ( ! :ole 
sc5e 0 a sane ord]1 ! delib]ate solution
 ( problems1 a progressive int5tion     
/eadily a*iev+ itself1 & ! aspect t     
p>ticul>ly occupi$ me 0 ! incongruity ( 
?is ) our blond-hair$ fri5d4  ,on ! "o  
h& "h 0 a /ate ( affairs t impli$ a p[] 
( w1 an organis+ & controll+ =ce1 !     
co-op]ation ( a great numb] ( vigor\s p 
to e/abli% & su/a9 its progress1 & on ! 
o!r ?is creature ( pose & vanity1 ) 8   
re/less wit1 8 p]petual giggle at 8 own 
clev]ness1 8 manife/ incapacity =       
compreh5sive co-op]ation4  ,n[1 _h ,i   
come ^u a hopeless incompatibility8 ,0  
?is ! r$uctio ad absurdum ( my vision1 &
 mu/ x ev5 z ,i sat !re fade1 dissolve1 
& vani% be=e my eyes8  ,!re 0 no d5y+   
our blond fri5d4 ,if ?is ,utopia is     
inde$ to p>allel our e>?1 man = man--&  
,i see no o!r reasonable *oice to t--!re
 mu/ be ?is sort ( p]son & k9dr$ sorts (
 p]sons 9 great abundance4 ,! desire &  
gift to see life :ole is n ! lot ( !    

great majority ( m51 ! s]vice ( tru? is 
! privilege ( ! elect1 & ^! clev] fools 
:o *oke ! av5ues ( ! _w ( ?\ght1 :o /ick
 at no inconsi/5cy1 :o oppose1 ob/ruct1 
confuse1 w f9d only ! fre] scope amid/  
,utopian fre$oms4  7,!y argu$ on1 ^!    
two1 z ,i worri$ my bra9s ) riddles4 ,x 
0 l a fight betwe5 a cock sp>r[ & a     
tortoise2 !y bo? w5t on 9 _! own way1   
reg>dless ( ea* o!r's proce$+s4 ,!      
enc\nt] _h an air ( be+ extremely       
lively1 & ! mom5ts ( contact 7 few4 ,b y
 mi/ake my po9t1 ! blond man 0 say+1    
disord]+ 8 hair--:i* _h become unruffl$ 
9 ! preoccupation ( dispute--) a ha/y   
movem5t ( 8 h&1 y don't appreciate !    
position ,i take up47  ,ugh6 said ,i    
privately1 & light$ ano!r cig>ette & w5t
 away into my own ?\ghts ) t4  ,!       
position he takes up6 ,t's ! way ( y\r  
intellectual fool1 ! ,univ]se ov]4 ,he  
takes up a position1 & he's go+ to be ! 
mo/ brilliant1 delightful1 engag+ &     
inv9cible ( gay delici\s creatures      
def5d+ t position y c possibly imag9e4  

,& ev5 :5 ! case is n s bad z t1 !re    
/ill rema9s ! quality4 ,we take up our  
positions1 silly little cont5ti\s       
creatures t we are1 we w n see ! "r 9 "o
 ano!r1 we w n pati5tly /ate & re/ate1 &
 hone/ly accommodate & plan1 & s we     
rema9 at sixes & sev5s4 ,we've all a t\*
 ( ,glad/one 9 u1 & try to ! la/ mom5t  
to d5y we h made a turn4 ,& s our poor  
brok5-spr+$ _w jolts a?w>t its trackless
 de/9y4 ,try to w9 into l9e ) "s fell[  
weakl+1 & see ! little ho/ ( suspicions1
 aggressions1 misrepres5tations1 y\r    
approa* w /ir--l summ] flies on a high  
road--! way he w try to score a po9t &  
claim y z a conv]t to :at he has always 
said1 8 fe> le/ ! po9t %\ld be scor$ to 
y4  ,x is n only su* gross & palpable   
cases z our blond & t5or+ fri5d4 ,i c\ld
 f9d ! ?+ negligible 7 x only t4 ,b :5  
"o sees ! same ?read wov5 into m5 :o are
 lead]s1 m5 :o sway va/ multitudes1 :o  
are inde$ great & p[]ful m52 :5 "o sees 
h[ unfair !y c be1 h[ untea*able1 !     
great bl9d areas 9 _! eyes also1 _! want

 ( g5]osity1 !n "o's d\bts ga!r l mi/s  
across ?is ,utopian valley1 its vi/as   
pale1 its p become unsub/antial         
phantoms1 all its ord] & its happ9ess   
dim & rec$e4444  ,if we are to h any    
,utopia at all1 we mu/ h a cle> common  
purpose1 & a great & /eadfa/ movem5t ( w
 to ov]ride all ^! incurably egoti/ical 
diss5ti5ts4 ,some?+ is ne$$ wide & deep 
en\gh to float ! wor/ ( egotisms away4  
,! _w is n to be made "r by acclamation 
& 9 a day1 & !n = ev] m tru/$ to run    
alone4 ,x is manife/ ?is ,utopia c\ld n 
come ab\t by *ance & an>*y1 b by        
co-ord9at$ ef=t & a community ( design1 
& to tell ( j l& laws & wise gov]nm5t1 a
 wisely balanc$ economic sy/em1 & wise  
social arrangem5ts )\t tell+ h[ x 0     
br\ght ab\t1 & h[ x is su/a9$ aga9/ !   
vanity & self-indulg5ce1 ! moody        
fluctuations & unc]ta9 imag9ations1 !   
heat & aptitude = p>tisan%ip t lurk1 ev5
 :5 !y d n fl\ri%1 9 ! texture ( e man  
alive1 is to build a palace )\t ei!r    
door or /aircase4  ,i _h n ?is 9 m9d :5 

,i began4  ,some:]e 9 ! ,mod]n ,utopia  
!re mu/ be adequate m51 m5 ! v anti!sis 
( our fri5d1 capable ( self-devotion1 ( 
int5tional c\rage1 ( hone/ ?\ght1 &     
/eady endeav\r4 ,!re mu/ be a lit]ature 
to embody _! common idea1 ( :i* ?is     
,mod]n ,utopia is m]ely ! mat]ial =m2   
!re mu/ be "s organisation1 h[ev]       
slight1 to keep !m 9 t\* "o ) ! o!r4    
,:o w ^! m5 be8 ,w !y be a ca/e8 a race8
 an organisation 9 ! nature ( a ,*ur*8  
444 ,& !re came into my m9d ! words (   
our acqua9tance1 t he 0 n "o ( ^!       
volunt>y noblem54  ,at fir/ t phrase    
/ruck me z be+ m]ely que]1 & !n ,i began
 to realise c]ta9 possibilities t 7     
wrapp$ up 9 x4  ,! animus ( our *ance   
fri5d1 at any rate1 w5t to sugge/ t "h 0
 8 anti!sis4 ,evid5tly :at he is n1 w be
 ! class to conta9 :at is ne$$ "h4      
,evid5tly4   ,section #d  ,i 0 recall$ f
 my m$itations by ! h& ( ! blond-hair$  
man ^u my arm4  ,i look$ up to discov] !
 botani/ _h gone into ! inn4  ,!        
blond-hair$ man 0 = a mom5t almo/ /ripp$

 ( pose4  ,i say1 he said4 ,w]5't y     
li/5+ to me8  ,no1 ,i said bluntly4  ,8 
surprise 0 manife/4 ,b by an ef=t he    
recall$ :at he _h meant to say4  ,y\r   
fri5d1 he said1 has be5 tell+ me1 9     
spite ( my su/a9$ int]ruptions1 a mo/   
incr$ible /ory4  ,i wond]$ h[ ! botani/ 
manag$ to get x 94 ,ab\t t woman8 ,i    
said4  ,ab\t a man & a woman :o hate ea*
 o!r & c't get away f ea* o!r4  ,i "k1  
,i said4  ,x s\nds absurd4  ,x is4  ,:y 
c't !y get away8 ,:at is !re to keep !m 
toge!r8 ,x's ridicul\s4 ,i----  ,q4  ,he
 w\ld tell x to me4  ,x's 8 way4  ,he   
int]rupt$ me4 ,& !re's no po9t 9 x4 ,is 
he---- he hesitat$1 mad8  ,!re's a :ole 
_w ( p mad ) him1 ,i answ]$ aft] a      
pause4  ,! p]plex$ expression ( !       
blond-hair$ man int5sifi$4 ,x is va9 to 
d5y t he enl>g$ ! scope ( 8 inquiry1    
visibly if n v]bally4 ,de> me6 he said1 
& took up some?+ he _h ne>ly =gott54 ,& 
y f\nd y\rselves sudd5ly on a m\nta9    
side8 444 ,i ?\ght y 7 jok+4  ,i turn$  
r\nd ^u him ) a sudd5 access (          

e>ne/ness4 ,at lea/ ,i meant my mann] to
 be e>ne/1 b to him x may h seem$ wild4 
,y1 ,i said1 are an orig9al sort ( man4 
,d n be al>m$4 ,p]haps y w und]/&4444   
,we 7 n jok+4  ,b1 my de> fell[6  ,i    
mean x6 ,we come f an inf]ior _w6 ,l    
?is1 b out ( ord]4  ,no _w c\ld be m out
 ( ord]----  ,y play at t & h y\r fun4  
,b !re's no limit to ! ext5t to :i* a _w
 ( m5 may get out ( ge>4 ,9 our _w----  
,he nodd$1 b 8 eye _h ceas$ to be       
fri5dly4  ,m5 die ( />vation2 p die by !
 hundr$ ?\s& ne$lessly & pa9fully2 m5 & 
wom5 are la%$ toge!r to make hell = ea* 
o!r2 *ildr5 are born--abom9ably1 & re>$ 
9 cruelty & folly2 !re is a ?+ call$ w>1
 a horror ( blood & vil5ess4 ,! :ole ?+ 
seems to me at times a cruel & wa/eful  
wild]ness ( muddle4 ,y 9 ?is dec5t _w h 
no means ( und]/&+----  ,no8 he said1 & 
w\ld h begun1 b ,i w5t on too quickly4  
,no6 ,:5 ,i see y d&]+ ?r\gh ?is        
excell5t & hopeful _w1 object+1         
ob/ruct+1 & break+ ! law1 display+ y\r  
wit on sci5ce & ord]1 on ! m5 :o toil s 

+lori\sly to swell & use ! k t is       
salvation1 ?is salvation = :i* our poor 
_w cries to heav5----  ,y don't mean to 
say1 he said1 t y really come f "s o!r  
_w :]e ?+s are diff]5t & worse8  ,i d4  
,& y want to talk to me ab\t x in/ead ( 
li/5+ to me8  ,yes4  ,oh1 nons5se6 he   
said abruptly4 ,y c't d x--really4 ,i c 
assure y ?is pres5t _w t\*es ! nadir (  
imbecility4 ,y & y\r fri5d1 ) 8 love = !
 lady :o's s my/]i\sly ti$--y're        
romanc+6 ,p c\ld n possibly d su* ?+s4  
,x's--if y'll excuse me--ridicul\s4 ,he 
began--he w\ld beg94 ,a mo/ tiresome    
/ory--simply bore me d[n4 ,we'd be5     
talk+ v agreeably be=e t1 or r ,i _h1   
ab\t ! absurdity ( m>riage laws1 !      
int]f]5ce ) a free & natural life1 & s  
on1 & sudd5ly he bur/ l a dam4 ,no6 ,he 
paus$4 ,x's really impossible4 ,y behave
 p]fectly well = a "t1 & !n y beg9 to   
int]rupt4444 ,& su* a *ildi% /ory1 too6 
,he spun r\nd ^u 8 *air1 got up1 glanc$ 
at me ov] 8 %\ld]1 & walk$ out ( !      
arb\r4 ,he /epp$ aside ha/ily to avoid  

too close an approa* to ! return+       
botani/4 ,impossible1 ,i he>d him say4  
,he 0 evid5tly deeply aggriev$ by u4 ,i 
saw him pres5tly a little way (f 9 !    
g>d51 talk+ to ! l&lord ( our inn1 &    
look+ t[>ds u z he talk$--!y bo? look$  
t[>ds u--& aft] t1 )\t ! c]emony ( a    
f>ewell1 he disappe>$1 & we saw him no  
m4 ,we wait$ = him a little :ile1 & !n  
,i exp\nd$ ! situation to ! botani/4444 
,we are go+ to h a v consid]able am\nt (
 tr\ble expla9+ ourselves1 ,i said 9    
conclusion4 ,we are "h by an act ( !    
imag9ation1 & t is j "o ( ^?            
metaphysical op]ations t are s difficult
 to make cr$ible4 ,we are1 by ! /&>d (  
be>+ & clo?+ ,i rem>k ab\t u1           
unattractive 9 dress & deportm5t4 ,we h 
no?+ to produce to expla9 our pres5ce   
"h1 no bit ( a fly+ ma*9e or a space    
travell+ sph]e or any ( ! app>atus      
cu/om>y on ^! occasions4 ,we h no means 
beyond a dw9dl+ am\nt ( small *ange out 
( a gold co91 ^u :i* ,i suppose 9 e?ics 
& ! law "s native ,utopian _h a bett]   

claim4 ,we may already h got ourselves  
into tr\ble ) ! au?orities ) t conf\nd$ 
numb] ( y\rs6  ,y did "o too6  ,all ! m 
bo!r1 p]haps1 :5 ! ?+ is br\ght home to 
u4 ,!re's no ne$ = recrim9ations4 ,! ?+ 
( mom5t is t we f9d ourselves 9 !       
position--n to put too f9e a po9t ^u    
x--( tramps 9 ?is admirable _w4 ,! "q ( 
all o!rs ( importance to u at pres5t is 
:at d !y d ) _! tramps8 ,because soon]  
or lat]1 & ! balance ( probability seems
 to incl9e to soon]1 :atev] !y d ) _!   
tramps t !y w d ) u4  ,unless we c get  
"s "w4  ,exactly--unless we c get "s "w4
  ,get "w6  ,! botani/ leant =w>d on 8  
arms & look$ out ( ! arb\r ) an         
expression ( despond5t discov]y4 ,i say1
 he rem>k$2 ?is is a /range _w--q /range
 & new4 ,i'm only beg9n+ to realise j   
:at x means = u4 ,! m\nta9s !re are !   
same1 ! old ,bri/5/ock & all ! re/ ( x2 
b ^! h\ses1 y "k1 & t roadway1 & !      
co/umes1 & t ma*9e t is lick+ up ! grass
 !re--only4444  ,he s\ght expression4   
,:o kn[s :at w come 9 sight r\nd ! b5d (

 ! valley !re8 ,:o kn[s :at may happ5 to
 u any:]e8 ,we don't "k :o rules ov] u  
ev5 444 we don't "k t6  ,no1 ,i e*o$1 we
 don't "k t4    ,,*apt] ,,! ,,fif?      
,failure 9 a ,mod]n ,utopia   ,section  
#a  ,! old ,utopias--save = ! bre$+     
s*emes ( ,plato & ,campanella--ignor$ t 
reproductive competition among          
individualities :i* is ! sub/ance (     
life1 & dealt ess5tially ) its          
incid5tals4 ,! endless v>iety ( m51 _!  
endless gradation ( quality1 ov] :i* !  
h& ( selection plays1 & to :i* we owe ! 
unmanageable complication ( real life1  
is tacitly set aside4 ,! real _w is a   
va/ disord] ( accid5ts & incalculable   
=ces 9 :i* m5 survive or fail4 ,a ,mod]n
 ,utopia1 unlike its pr$ecessors1 d>e n 
pret5d to *ange ! la/ condition2 x may  
ord] & humanise ! conflict1 b m5 mu/    
/ill survive or fail4  ,mo/ ,utopias    
pres5t !mselves z go+ conc]ns1 z        
happ9ess 9 be+2 !y make x an ess5tial   
condition t a happy l& c h no hi/ory1 & 
all ! citiz5s "o is p]mitt$ to see are  

well look+ & upright & m5tally & morally
 9 tune4 ,b we are "u ! dom9ion ( a     
logic t obliges u to take ov] ! actual  
population ( ! _w ) only su* moral &    
m5tal & physical improvem5ts z lie )9 _!
 inh]5t possibilities1 & x is our       
bus9ess to ask :at ,utopia w d ) its    
cong5ital invalids1 its idiots & madm51 
its drunk>ds & m5 ( vici\s m9d1 its     
cruel & furtive s\ls1 its /upid p1 too  
/upid to be ( use to ! community1 its   
lumpi%1 untea*able & unimag9ative p8 ,& 
:at w x d ) ! man :o is poor all r\nd1 !
 r spiritless1 r incompet5t l[-grade man
 :o on e>? sits 9 ! d5 ( ! sweat]1      
tramps ! /reets "u ! bann] ( !          
unemploy$1 or trembles--9 ano!r man's   
ca/-(f clo?+1 & ) an inf9ity (          
hat-t\*+--on ! v]ge ( rural employm5t8  
,^! p w h to be 9 ! desc5dant phase1 !  
species mu/ be engag$ 9 elim9at+ !m2 !re
 is no escape f t1 & conv]sely ! p (    
exceptional quality mu/ be asc5dant4 ,! 
bett] sort ( p1 s f> z !y c be di/+ui%$1
 mu/ h ! fulle/ fre$om ( public s]vice1 

& ! fulle/ opportunity ( p>5tage4 ,& x  
mu/ be op5 to e man to approve himself  
wor?y ( asc5d5cy4  ,! way ( ,nature 9   
?is process is to kill ! weak] & !      
silli]1 to cru% !m1 to />ve !m1 to      
ov]:elm !m1 us+ ! /rong] & m cunn+ z h] 
weapon4 ,b man is ! unnatural animal1 ! 
rebel *ild ( ,nature1 & m & m does he   
turn himself aga9/ ! h>% & fitful h& t  
re>$ him4 ,he sees ) a gr[+ res5tm5t !  
multitude ( suff]+ ineffectual lives ov]
 :i* 8 species tramples 9 its asc5t4 ,9 
! ,mod]n ,utopia he w h set himself to  
*ange ! anci5t law4 ,no long] w x be t  
failures mu/ suff] & p]i% le/ _! bre$   
increase1 b ! bre$ ( failure mu/ n      
increase1 le/ !y suff] & p]i%1 & ! race 
) !m4  ,n[ we ne$ n argue "h to prove t 
! res\rces ( ! _w & ! en]gy ( mank9d1 7 
!y organis$ sanely1 are amply suffici5t 
to supply e mat]ial ne$ ( e liv+ human  
be+4 ,& if x c be s contriv$ t e human  
be+ %all live 9 a /ate ( reasonable     
physical & m5tal com=t1 )\t !           
reproduction ( inf]ior types1 !re is no 

reason :atev] :y t %\ld n be secur$4 ,b 
!re mu/ be a competition 9 life ( "s    
sort to det]m9e :o are to be pu%$ to !  
edge1 & :o are to prevail & multiply4   
,:atev] we d1 man w rema9 a competitive 
creature1 & ?\gh moral & intellectual   
tra9+ may v>y & enl>ge 8 conception (   
success & =tify him ) ref9em5ts &       
consolations1 no ,utopia w ev] save him 
completely f ! emotional drama (        
/ruggle1 f exultations & humiliations1 f
 pride & pro/ration & %ame4 ,he lives 9 
success & failure j z inevitably z he   
lives 9 space & "t4  ,b we may d mu* to 
make ! m>g9 ( failure endurable4 ,on    
e>?1 = all ! extravagance ( *>ity1 !    
/ruggle = ! mass ( m5 at ! bottom       
resolves itself into a /ruggle1 & (t5 a 
v f\l & ugly /ruggle1 = food1 %elt]1 &  
clo?+4 ,dea?s outright f exposure &     
/>vation are n[ p]haps uncommon1 b = !  
multitude !re are only mis]able h\ses1  
uncom=table clo!s1 & bad & insuffici5t  
food2 fractional />vation & exposure1 t 
is to say4 ,a ,utopia plann$ ^u mod]n   

l9es w c]ta9ly h put an end to t4 ,x w  
insi/ ^u e citiz5 be+ be+ prop]ly h\s$1 
well n\ri%$1 & 9 good heal?1 reasonably 
clean & clo!d heal?ily1 & ^u t insi/5ce 
its lab\r laws w be f\nd$4 ,9 a phras+ t
 w be famili> to ev]yone int]e/$ 9      
social re=m1 x w ma9ta9 a /&>d ( life4  
,any h\se1 unless x be a public monum5t1
 t does n come up to its ris+ /&>d (    
heal?9ess & conv5i5ce1 ! ,utopian ,/ate 
w incont95tly pull d[n1 & pile ! mat]ial
 & *>ge ! own] = ! lab\r2 any h\se      
unduly cr[d$ or dirty1 x mu/ 9 "s       
effectual mann]1 directly or indirectly1
 confiscate & cle> & clean4 ,& any      
citiz5 indec5tly dress$1 or ragg$ &     
dirty1 or publicly unheal?y1 or sleep+  
abroad homeless1 or 9 any way neglect$  
or d]elict1 mu/ come "u its c>e4 ,x w   
f9d him "w if he c & w "w1 x w take him 
to x1 x w regi/] him & l5d him ! money  
:]e) to lead a comely life until "w c be
 f\nd or made = him1 & x w give him     
cr$it & %elt] him & /r5g!n him if he is 
ill4 ,9 default ( private ent]prises x w

 provide inns = him & food1 & x w--by   
itself act+ z ! res]ve employ]--ma9ta9 a
 m9imum wage :i* w cov] ! co/ ( a dec5t 
life4 ,! ,/ate w /& at ! back ( !       
economic /ruggle z ! res]ve employ] (   
lab\r4 ,?is mo/ excell5t idea does1 z a 
matt] ( fact1 und]lie ! ,briti%         
in/itution ( ! workh\se1 b x is jumbl$  
up ) ! relief ( old age & infirmity1 x  
is adm9i/]$ p>o*ially & on ! supposition
 t all population is /atic & localis$   
:]eas e ye> x becomes m migratory2 x is 
adm9i/]$ )\t any reg>d to ! ris+ /&>ds (
 com=t & self-respect 9 a progressive   
civilisation1 & x is adm9i/]$ grudg+ly4 
,! ?+ t is done is done z unwill+ *>ity 
by adm9i/rators :o are (t51 9 ! rural   
di/ricts at lea/1 compet+ = l[-pric$    
lab\r1 & :o reg>d want ( employm5t z a  
crime4 ,b if x 7 possible = any citiz5 9
 ne$ ( money to resort to a place (     
public employm5t z a "r1 & !re "w = a   
week or mon? )\t degradation ^u c]ta9   
m9imum t]ms1 x seems fairly c]ta9 t no  
"o w\ld "w1 except z ! victim ( "s q    

exceptional & tempor>y accid5t1 = less4 
,! "w publicly provid$ w\ld h to be     
toilsome1 b n cruel or incapacitat+4 ,a 
*oice ( occupations w\ld ne$ to be      
af=d$1 occupations adapt$ to diff]5t    
types ( tra9+ & capacity1 ) "s residual 
employm5t ( a purely labori\s &         
me*anical sort = ^? :o 7 incapable ( do+
 ! ?+s t requir$ intellig5ce4           
,necess>ily ?is employm5t by ! ,/ate    
w\ld be a relief ( economic pressure1 b 
x w\ld n be consid]$ a *>ity done to !  
individual1 b a public s]vice4 ,x ne$ n 
pay1 any m ?an ! police ne$ pay1 b x    
c\ld probably be done at a small m>g9 ( 
loss4 ,!re is a numb] ( durable ?+s b\nd
 f9ally to be useful t c\ld be made &   
/or$ :5ev] ! tide ( m highly paid       
employm5t ebb$ & lab\r sank to its      
m9imum1 bricks1 iron f inf]ior ores1    
%ap$ & pres]v$ timb]1 p9s1 nails1 pla9  
fabrics ( cotton & l951 pap]1 %eet      
glass1 artificial fuel1 & s on2 new     
roads c\ld be made & public build+s     
recon/ruct$1 inconv5i5ces ( all sorts   

remov$1 until "u ! /imulus ( accumulat+ 
mat]ial1 accumulat+ inve/m5ts or o!r    
circum/ances1 ! tide ( private ent]prise
 fl[$ aga94  ,! ,/ate w\ld provide ^!   
?+s = its citiz5 z ?\gh x 0 8 "r to     
require !m2 he w\ld receive z a %>ehold]
 9 ! common ent]prise & n ) any insult (
 *>ity4 ,b on ! o!r h& x w require t !  
citiz5 :o r5d]s ! m9imum ( s]vice = ^!  
concessions %all n become a p>5t until  
he is e/abli%$ 9 "w at a rate above !   
m9imum1 & free ( any debt he may h      
incurr$4 ,! ,/ate w nev] press = its    
debt1 nor put a limit to its            
accumulation s long z a man or woman    
rema9s *ildless2 x w n ev5 grudge !m    
tempor>y spells ( good =tune :5 !y may  
lift _! e>n+s above ! m9imum wage4 ,x w 
p5sion ! age ( ev]yone :o c>es to take a
 p5sion1 & x w ma9ta9 special gue/ homes
 = ! v old to :i* !y may come z pay+    
gue/s1 sp5d+ _! p5sions !re4 ,by su*    
obvi\s devices x w a*ieve ! maximum     
elim9ation ( its feeble & spiritless    
folk 9 e g5]ation ) ! m9imum ( suff]+ & 

public disord]4   ,section #b  ,b !     
mildly incompet5t1 ! spiritless & dull1 
! poor] sort :o are ill1 d n exhau/ our 
,utopian problem4 ,!re rema9 idiots &   
lunatics1 !re rema9 p]v]se & incompet5t 
p]sons1 !re are p ( weak "* :o become   
drunk>ds1 drug tak]s1 & ! l4 ,!n !re are
 p]sons ta9t$ ) c]ta9 f\l &             
transmissible diseases4 ,all ^! p spoil 
! _w = o!rs4 ,!y may become p>5ts1 & )  
mo/ ( !m !re is manife/ly no?+ to be    
done b to seclude !m f ! great body ( ! 
population4 ,y mu/ resort to a k9d (    
social surg]y4 ,y _c h social fre$om 9  
y\r public ways1 y\r *ildr5 _c speak to 
:om !y w1 y\r girls & g5tle wom5 _c g   
abroad :ile "s sorts ( p g free4 ,& !re 
are viol5t p1 & ^? :o w n respect !     
prop]ty ( o!rs1 ?ieves & *eats1 !y1 too1
 s soon z _! nature is confirm$1 mu/    
pass out ( ! free life ( our ord]$ _w4  
,s soon z !re c be no d\bt ( ! disease  
or bas5ess ( ! individual1 s soon z !   
insanity or o!r disease is assur$1 or ! 
crime repeat$ a ?ird "t1 or ! drunk5ness

 or misdemean\r pa/ its sev5? occasion  
7let u say71 s soon mu/ he or %e pass   
out ( ! common ways ( m54  ,!           
dreadfulness ( all su* proposals z ?is  
lies 9 ! possibility ( _! execution     
fall+ into ! h&s ( h>d1 dull1 & cruel   
adm9i/rators4 ,b 9 ! case ( a ,utopia "o
 assumes ! be/ possible gov]nm5t1 a     
gov]nm5t z m]ciful & delib]ate z x is   
p[]ful & decisive4 ,y mu/ n too ha/ily  
imag9e ^! ?+s be+ done--z !y w\ld be    
done on e>? at pres5t--by a numb] (     
zeal\s half-educat$ p 9 a /ate ( panic  
at a q imag9>y ,rapid ,multiplication ( 
! ,unfit4  ,no d\bt = fir/ (f5d]s1 & =  
all (f5d]s "u five-&-tw5ty1 ! ,mod]n    
,utopia w attempt caution>y & rem$ial   
treatm5t4 ,!re w be discipl9>y s*ools & 
colleges = ! "y1 fair & happy places1 b 
) less confid5ce & m re/ra9t ?an !      
s*ools & colleges ( ! ord9>y _w4 ,9     
remote & solit>y regions ^! enclosures w
 lie1 !y w be f5c$ 9 & =bidd5 to !      
common run ( m51 & !re1 remote f all    
temptation1 ! defective citiz5 w be     

s*ool$4 ,!re w be no mask+ ( ! lesson2  
:i* d y value mo/1 ! wide _w ( humanity1
 or ?is evil tr5d 9 y8 ,f t discipl9e at
 la/ ! prison]s w return4  ,b ! o!rs2   
:at w\ld a san] _w d ) !m8  ,our _w is  
/ill v9dictive1 b ! all-rea*+ ,/ate (   
,utopia w h ! /r5g? t begets m]cy4      
,quietly ! outca/ w g f among 8 fell[   
m54 ,!re w be no drumm+ ( him out ( !   
ranks1 no te>+ (f ( epaulettes1 no smit+
 9 ! face4 ,! ?+ mu/ be j public en\gh  
to obviate secret tyrannies1 & t is all4
  ,!re w\ld be no kill+1 no le?al       
*amb]s4 ,no d\bt ,utopia w kill all     
de=m$ & mon/r\s & evilly diseas$ bir?s1 
b = ! re/1 ! ,/ate w hold itself        
acc\ntable = _! be+4 ,!re is no ju/ice 9
 ,nature p]haps1 b ! idea ( ju/ice mu/  
be sacr$ 9 any good society4 ,lives t   
/atesman%ip has p]mitt$1 errors x has n 
=ese5 & educat$ aga9/1 mu/ n be puni%$  
by dea?4 ,if ! ,/ate does n keep fai?1  
no "o w keep fai?4 ,crime & bad lives   
are ! measure ( a ,/ate's failure1 all  
crime 9 ! end is ! crime ( ! community4 

,ev5 = murd] ,utopia w n1 ,i ?9k1 kill4 
,i d\bt ev5 if !re w be jails4 ,no m5   
are q wise en\gh1 good en\gh & *eap     
en\gh to /aff jails z a jail ought to be
 /aff$4 ,p]haps isl&s w be *os51 isl&s  
ly+ ap>t f ! highways ( ! sea1 & to ^! !
 ,/ate w s5d its exiles1 mo/ ( !m ?ank+ 
,heav51 no d\bt1 to be quit ( a _w (    
prigs4 ,! ,/ate w1 ( c\rse1 secure      
itself aga9/ any *ildr5 f ^! p1 t is !  
prim>y object 9 _! seclusion1 & p]haps x
 may ev5 be necess>y to make ^! isl&    
prisons a sy/em ( isl& mona/]ies & isl& 
nunn]ies4 ,^u t ,i am n compet5t to     
speak1 b if ,i may believe ! lit]ature (
 ! subject--unhappily a n v well        
criticis$ lit]ature--x is n necess>y to 
en=ce ?is sep>ation4 ,footnote3 ,see =  
example ,dr4 ,w4 ,a4 ,*apple's ,!       
,f]tility ( ! ,unfit4  ,ab\t su* isl&s  
patrol boats w g1 !re w be no fre$oms ( 
boat build+1 & x may be necess>y to h   
arm$ gu>ds at ! creeks & quays4 ,beyond 
t ! ,/ate w give ^! segregat$ failures j
 z full a lib]ty z !y c h4 ,if x        

int]f]es any fur!r x w be simply to     
police ! isl&s aga9/ ! organisation (   
s]i\s cruelty1 to ma9ta9 ! fre$om ( any 
( ! deta9$ :o wi% x to transf] !mselves 
to o!r isl&s1 & s to keep a *eck ^u     
tyranny4 ,! insane1 ( c\rse1 w dem& c>e 
& control1 b !re is no reason :y ! isl&s
 ( ! hopeless drunk>d1 = example1 %\ld n
 ea* h a virtual autonomy1 h at ! mo/ a 
,resid5t & a gu>d4 ,i believe t a       
community ( drunk>ds might be capable ( 
organis+ ev5 its own bad habit to ! pit*
 ( tol]able exi/5ce4 ,i d n see :y su*  
an isl& %\ld n build & ord] = itself &  
manufacture & trade4 ,y\r ways are n our
 ways1 ! ,_w ,/ate w say2 b "h is fre$om
 & a company ( k9dr$ s\ls4 ,elect y\r   
jolly rul]s1 brew if y w1 & di/il2 "h   
are v9e cutt+s & b>ley fields2 d z x    
pleases y to d4 ,we w take c>e ( !      
knives1 b = ! re/--deal y\rselves )     
,god6  ,& y see ! big convict /eam%ip   
/&+ 9 to ! ,isl& ( ,incurable ,*eats4 ,!
 crew are respectfully at _! qu>t]s1    
ready to l5d a h& ov]bo>d1 b wide awake1

 & ! capta9 is hospitably on ! bridge to
 bid 8 gue/s good-bye & keep an eye on !
 movables4 ,! new citiz5s = ?is p>ticul>
 ,alsatia1 ea* no d\bt ) 8 p]sonal      
belong+s securely pack$ & at h&1 cr[d ! 
deck & /udy ! ne>+ coa/4 ,bright1 ke5   
faces w\ld be !re1 & we1 7 we by any    
*ance to f9d ourselves beside ! capta91 
might recognise ! d\ble ( ?is great     
e>?ly magnate or t1 ,petticoat ,lane &  
,p>k ,lane *eek by j[l4 ,! l&+ "p ( !   
jetty is cle> ( p1 only a gov]nm5t man  
or s /&s !re to receive ! boat & prev5t 
a ru%1 b beyond ! gates a numb] (       
engag+ly sm>t-look+ individuals loit]   
speculatively4 ,"o figures a rem>kable  
build+ labell$ ,cu/om ,h\se1 an int]e/+ 
fiscal revival ?is population has made1 
& beyond1 cr[d+ up ! hill1 ! pa9t$ walls
 ( a numb] ( com=table inns clam\r      
l\dly4 ,"o or two inhabitants 9 r$uc$   
circum/ances w\ld act z hotel t\ts1 !re 
are sev]al hotel omnibuses & a ,bureau  
de ,*ange1 c]ta9ly a ,bureau de ,*ange4 
,& a small h\se ) a l>ge bo>d1 aim$     

po9t-blank seaw>d1 decl>es itself a     
,gratis ,in=mation ,(fice1 & next to x  
rises ! graceful dome ( a small ,cas9o4 
,beyond1 great ho>d+s proclaim !        
advantages ( _m isl& specialities1 a    
hu/l+ comm]ce1 & ! op5+ ( a ,public     
,lott]y4 ,!re is a l>ge *eap-look+      
b>rack1 ! s*ool ( ,comm]cial ,sci5ce =  
g5tlem5 ( inadequate tra9+4444          
,altoge!r a v g-ahead look+ little port 
x w\ld be1 & ?\gh ?is disemb>kation w\ld
 h none ( ! fl[ ( hil>i\s good fell[%ip 
t w\ld ?r[ a halo ( g5ial noise ab\t !  
,isl&s ( ,dr9k1 x is d\btful if ! new   
arrivals w\ld feel any?+ v tragic 9 !   
mom5t4 ,"h at la/ 0 scope = adv5ture    
aft] _! he>ts4  ,?is s\nds m fanta/ic   
?an x is4 ,b :at else is !re to d1      
unless y kill8 ,y mu/ seclude1 b :y %\ld
 y torm5t8 ,all mod]n prisons are places
 ( torture by re/ra9t1 & ! habitual     
crim9al plays ! "p ( a damag$ m\se at ! 
m]cy ( ! cat ( our law4 ,he has 8 little
 pa9ful run1 & back he comes aga9 to a  
/ate m horrible ev5 ?an de/itution4 ,!re

 are no ,alsatias left 9 ! _w4 ,= my own
 "p ,i c ?9k ( no crime1 unless x is    
reckless begett+ or ! wilful            
transmission ( contagi\s disease1 = :i* 
! bleak t]rors1 ! solitudes & ignom9ies 
( ! mod]n prison d n seem outrage\sly   
cruel4 ,if y want to g s f> z t1 !n     
kill4 ,:y1 once y are rid ( !m1 %\ld y  
pe/] crim9als to respect an uncong5ial  
/&>d ( conduct8 ,into su* isl&s ( exile 
z ?is a mod]n ,utopia w h to purge      
itself4 ,!re is no alt]native t ,i c    
contrive4   ,section #c  ,w a ,utopian  
be free to be idle8  ,"w has to be done1
 e day humanity is su/a9$ by its        
collective ef=t1 & )\t a con/ant        
recurr5ce ( ef=t 9 ! s+le man z 9 ! race
 z a :ole1 !re is nei!r heal? nor       
happ9ess4 ,! p]man5t idl5ess ( a human  
be+ is n only bur!nsome to ! _w1 b 8 own
 secure mis]y4 ,b unpr(itable occupation
 is also int5d$ by idl5ess1 & x may be  
consid]$ :e!r t fre$om also w be op5 to 
! ,utopian4 ,conceivably x w1 l privacy1
 locomotion1 & almo/ all ! fre$oms (    

life1 & on ! same t]ms--if he possess ! 
money to pay = x4  ,t la/ condition may 
produce a %ock 9 m9ds accu/om$ to !     
proposition t money is ! root ( all     
evil1 & to ! idea t ,utopia necess>ily  
implies some?+ r oak5 & h&-made &       
primitive 9 all ^! relations4 ,( c\rse1 
money is n ! root ( any evil 9 ! _w2 !  
root ( all evil 9 ! _w1 & ! root ( all  
good too1 is ! ,w to ,live1 & money     
becomes h>mful only :5 by bad laws & bad
 economic organisation x is m easily    
atta9$ by bad m5 ?an good4 ,x is z      
reasonable to say food is ! root ( all  
disease1 because s _m p suff] f         
excessive & unwise eat+4 ,! sane        
economic ideal is to make ! possession (
 money ! cle> indication ( public       
s]viceabl5ess1 & ! m ne>ly t ideal is   
atta9$1 ! small] is ! ju/ification (    
pov]ty & ! less ! h>d%ip ( be+ poor4 ,9 
b>b>ic & disord]ly c\ntries x is almo/  
hon\rable to be indig5t & unque/ionably 
virtu\s to give to a begg>1 & ev5 9 ! m 
or less civilis$ societies ( e>?1 s _m  

*ildr5 come into life hopelessly        
h&icapp$1 t au/]ity to ! poor is reg>d$ 
z ! meane/ ( mean virtues4 ,b 9 ,utopia 
ev]yone w h _h an education & a c]ta9   
m9imum ( nutrition & tra9+2 ev]yone w be
 insur$ aga9/ ill-heal? & accid5ts2 !re 
w be ! mo/ effici5t organisation =      
balanc+ ! pressure ( employm5t & !      
pres5ce ( dis5gag$ lab\r1 & s to be     
moneyless w be cle> evid5ce (           
unwor?9ess4 ,9 ,utopia1 no "o w dream ( 
giv+ to a casual begg>1 & no "o w dream 
( begg+4  ,!re w ne$ to be1 9 ! place ( 
! ,briti% casual w>ds1 simple b         
com=table inns ) a l[ t>iff--controll$  
to a c]ta9 ext5t no d\bt1 & ev5 9 "s    
cases ma9ta9$1 by ! ,/ate4 ,?is t>iff w 
h su* a def9ite relation to ! m9imum    
p]missible wage1 t a man :o has incurr$ 
no liabilities ?r\gh m>riage or ! l     
relation%ip1 w be able to live 9 com=t &
 dec5cy ^u t m9imum wage1 pay 8 small   
insurance premium aga9/ disease1 dea?1  
disablem5t1 or rip5+ ye>s1 & h a m>g9 = 
clo?+ & o!r p]sonal exp5ses4 ,b he w get

 nei!r %elt] nor food1 except at ! price
 ( 8 fre$om1 unless he c produce money4 
,b suppose a man )\t money 9 a di/rict  
:]e employm5t is n to be f\nd = him2    
suppose ! am\nt ( employm5t to h dim9i%$
 9 ! di/rict ) su* sudd5ness z to h /r&$
 him !re4 ,or suppose he has qu>rell$ ) 
! only possible employ]1 or t he does n 
l 8 p>ticul> "w4 ,!n no d\bt ! ,utopian 
,/ate1 :i* wants ev]yone to be j z happy
 z ! future welf>e ( ! race p]mits1 w   
come to 8 assi/ance4 ,"o imag9es him    
resort+ to a neat & bus9ess-l po/-(fice1
 & /at+ 8 case to a civil & intellig5t  
(ficial4 ,9 any sane ,/ate ! economic   
conditions ( e qu>t] ( ! e>? w be wat*$ 
z con/antly z its meteorological phases1
 & a daily map ( ! c\ntry )9 a radius ( 
?ree or f\r hundr$ miles %[+ all !      
places :]e lab\r is ne$$ w hang ^u !    
po/-(fice wall4 ,to ?is 8 att5tion w be 
direct$4 ,! man out ( "w w decide to try
 8 luck 9 ?is place or t1 & ! public    
s]vant1 ! (ficial1 w make a note ( 8 "n1
 v]ify 8 id5tity--! fre$om ( ,utopia w n

 be incompatible ) ! univ]sal           
regi/ration ( ?umb-m>ks--& issue passes 
= travel & c\pons = any necess>y inn    
accommodation on 8 way to ! *os5        
de/9ation4 ,!re he w seek a new employ]4
  ,su* a free *ange ( locality once or  
twice a ye> f a region ( re/rict$       
employm5t to a region ( lab\r %ortage w 
be among ! g5]al privileges ( ! ,utopian
 citiz54  ,b suppose t 9 no di/rict 9 ! 
_w is !re "w )9 ! capacity ( ?is        
p>ticul> man8  ,be=e we suppose t1 we   
mu/ take into consid]ation ! g5]al      
assumption "o is p]mitt$ to make 9 all  
,utopian speculations4 ,all ,utopians w 
be reasonably well educat$ ^u ,utopian  
l9es2 !re w be no illit]ates unless !y  
are untea*able imbeciles1 no rule-(-?umb
 toil]s z inadaptable z tra9$ bea/s4 ,! 
,utopian work] w be z v]satile z any    
well-educat$ man is on e>? to-day1 & no 
,trade ,union w impose a limit to 8     
activities4 ,! _w w be 8 ,union4 ,if !  
"w he does be/ & likes be/ is n to be   
f\nd1 !re is /ill ! "w he likes second  

be/4 ,lack+ 8 prop] employm5t1 he w turn
 to "s k9dr$ trade4  ,b ev5 ) t         
adaptability1 x may be t sometimes he w 
n f9d "w4 ,su* a disproportion betwe5 ! 
"w to be done & ! p to d x may arise z  
to pres5t a surplus ( lab\r ev]y:]e4    
,?is disproportion may be due to two    
causes3 to an increase ( population )\t 
a correspond+ increase ( ent]prises1 or 
to a dim9ution ( employm5t ?r\gh\t ! _w 
due to ! completion ( great ent]prises1 
to economies a*iev$1 or to ! op]ation ( 
new & m effici5t lab\r-sav+ appliances4 
,?r\gh ei!r cause1 a ,_w ,/ate may f9d  
itself do+ well except = an excess (    
citiz5s ( m$iocre & l[] quality4  ,b !  
fir/ cause may be anticipat$ by wise    
m>riage laws4444 ,! full discussion ( ^!
 laws w come lat]1 b "h "o may insi/ t  
,utopia w control ! increase ( its      
population4 ,)\t ! det]m9ation & ability
 to limit t increase z well z to        
/imulate x :5ev] x is necess>y1 no      
,utopia is possible4 ,t 0 cle>ly        
demon/rat$ by ,mal?us = all "t4  ,!     

second cause is n s easily anticipat$1 b
 !n1 ?\gh its imm$iate result 9 glutt+ !
 lab\r m>ket is simil>1 its f9al        
consequ5ces are entirely diff]5t f ^? ( 
! fir/4 ,! :ole tr5d ( a sci5tific      
me*anical civilisation is cont9ually to 
replace lab\r by ma*9]y & to increase x 
9 its effectiv5ess by organisation1 & s 
q indep5d5tly ( any increase 9          
population lab\r mu/ ei!r fall 9 value  
until x c compete aga9/ & *eck ! *eap5+ 
process1 or if t is prev5t$1 z x w be 9 
,utopia1 by a m9imum wage1 come out (   
employm5t4 ,!re is no app>5t limit to   
?is process4 ,b a surplus ( effici5t    
lab\r at ! m9imum wage is exactly !     
condition t %\ld /imulate new           
ent]prises1 & t 9 a ,/ate saturat$ )    
sci5ce & prolific 9 inv5tion w /imulate 
new ent]prises4 ,an increas+ surplus (  
available lab\r )\t an absolute increase
 ( population1 an increas+ surplus (    
lab\r due to increas+ economy & n to    
prolif]ation1 & :i*1 !re=e1 does n press
 on & dis>range ! food supply1 is surely

 ! ideal condition = a progressive      
civilisation4 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t1    
s9ce lab\r w be reg>d$ z a delocalis$ & 
fluid =ce1 x w be ! ,_w ,/ate & n ! big 
municipalities rul+ ! =ce areas t w be !
 res]ve employ] ( lab\r4 ,v probably x w
 be conv5i5t = ! ,/ate to h& ov] !      
surplus lab\r = municipal purposes1 b t 
is ano!r "q4 ,all ov] ! _w ! lab\r      
ex*anges w be report+ ! fluctuat+       
pressure ( economic dem& & transf]r+    
work]s f ?is region ( excess to t (     
sc>city2 & :5ev] ! excess is univ]sal1 !
 ,_w ,/ate--fail+ an adequate developm5t
 ( private ent]prise--w ei!r r$uce !    
work+ day & s absorb ! excess1 or set on
 foot "s p]man5t special works ( its    
own1 pay+ ! m9imum wage & all[+ !m to   
progress j z sl[ly or j z rapidly z !   
ebb & fl[ ( lab\r dictat$4 ,b ) sane    
m>riage & bir? laws !re is no reason to 
suppose su* calls ^u ! res\rces &       
initiative ( ! _w m ?an tempor>y &      
exceptional occasions4   ,section #d  ,!
 exi/5ce ( our blond b>e-foot$ fri5d 0  

evid5ce en\gh t 9 a mod]n ,utopia a man 
w be free to be j z idle or uselessly   
busy z x pleases him1 aft] he has e>n$ !
 m9imum wage4 ,he mu/ d t1 ( c\rse1 to  
pay = 8 keep1 to pay 8 assurance tax    
aga9/ ill-heal? or old age1 & any *>ge  
or debt pat]nity may h br\ght ^u him4 ,!
 ,_w ,/ate ( ! mod]n ,utopi/ is no /ate 
( moral compulsions4 ,if1 = example1 "u 
! re/rict$ ,utopian s*eme ( inh]itance1 
a man inh]it$ suffici5t money to release
 him f ! ne$ to toil1 he w\ld be free to
 g :]e he pleas$ & d :at he lik$4 ,a    
c]ta9 proportion ( m5 at ease is good = 
! _w2 "w z a moral obligation is !      
morality ( slaves1 & s long z no "o is  
ov]work$ !re is no ne$ to worry because 
"s few are und]work$4 ,utopia does n    
exi/ z a solace = envy4 ,f leisure1 9 a 
good moral & intellectual atmosph]e1    
come exp]im5ts1 come philosophy & ! new 
dep>tures4  ,9 any mod]n ,utopia !re mu/
 be _m leisurely p4 ,we are all too     
obsess$ 9 ! real _w by ! /r5u\s ideal1  
by ! idea t ! vehem5t incessant fool is 

! only righte\s man4 ,no?+ done 9 a     
hurry1 no?+ done "u /ra91 is really well
 done4 ,a ,/ate :]e all are work+ h>d1  
:]e none g to & fro1 easily & freely1   
loses t\* ) ! purpose ( fre$om4  ,b     
inh]it$ indep5d5ce w be ! r>e/ & lea/   
p]man5t ( ,utopian facts1 = ! mo/ "p t  
wid] fre$om w h to be e>n$1 & !         
inducem5ts to m5 & wom5 to raise _!     
p]sonal value f> above ! m9imum wage w  
be v great inde$4 ,!reby w come         
privacies1 m space 9 :i* to live1 lib]ty
 to g ev]y:]e & d no end ( ?+s1 ! p[] & 
fre$om to initiate int]e/+ ent]prises & 
assi/ & co-op]ate ) int]e/+ p1 & inde$  
all ! be/ ?+s ( life4 ,! mod]n ,utopia w
 give a univ]sal security inde$1 &      
ex]cise ! m9imum ( compulsions to toil1 
b x w (f] "s acutely desirable prizes4  
,! aim ( all ^! devices1 ! m9imum wage1 
! /&>d ( life1 provision = all ! feeble 
& unemploy$ & s =?1 is n to rob life (  
inc5tives b to *ange _! nature1 to make 
life n less en]getic1 b less            
panic-/rick5 & viol5t & base1 to %ift ! 

incid5ce ( ! /ruggle = exi/5ce f our l[]
 to our high] emotions1 s to anticipate 
& neutralise ! motives ( ! c[>dly &     
be/ial1 t ! ambiti\s & en]getic         
imag9ation :i* is man's f9e/ quality may
 become ! inc5tive & det]m9+ factor 9   
survival4   ,section #e  ,aft] we h paid
 = our lun* 9 ! little inn t corresponds
 to ,wass51 ! botani/ & ,i w\ld no d\bt 
sp5d ! re/ ( ! =5oon 9 ! discussion (   
v>i\s aspects & possibilities ( ,utopian
 lab\r laws4 ,we %\ld exam9e our rema9+ 
*ange1 copp] co9s ( an appe>ance        
ornam5tal r ?an reassur+1 & we %\ld     
decide t aft] :at we _h ga!r$ f ! man ) 
! blond hair1 x w\ld1 on ! :ole1 be     
advisable to come to ! po9t ) ! lab\r "q
 =?)4 ,at la/ we %\ld draw ! deep brea? 
( resolution & arise & ask = ! ,public  
,(fice4 ,we %\ld "k by ?is "t t ! lab\r 
bureau %elt]$ ) ! po/-(fice & o!r public
 s]vices 9 "o build+4  ,! public (fice (
 ,utopia w\ld ( c\rse conta9 a few      
surprises = two m5 f t]re/rial ,engl&4  
,y imag9e u ent]+1 ! botani/ lagg+ a    

little beh9d me1 & my fir/ attempts to  
be (fh& & commonplace 9 a dem& = "w4  ,!
 (fice is 9 *>ge ( a quick-ey$ little   
woman ( six & ?irty p]haps1 & %e reg>ds 
u ) a c]ta9 ke5ness ( scrut9y4  ,:]e are
 y\r pap]s8 %e asks4  ,i ?9k = a mom5t (
 ! docum5ts 9 my pocket1 my passport    
*equ]$ ) visas & address$ 9 my          
comm5dation & 9 ! "n ( h] late ,maje/y  
by ,we1 ,rob]t ,ar?ur ,talbot ,gascoigne
 ,cecil1 ,m>quess ( ,salisbury1 ,e>l (  
,salisbury1 ,visc\nt ,cranborne1 ,b>on  
,cecil1 & s =?1 to all :om x may conc]n1
 my ,c>te d',id5tite 7useful on m9or    
occasions7 ( ! ,t\r+ ,club de ,france1  
my gre5 ticket to ! ,read+ ,room ( !    
,briti% ,museum1 & my ,lettre           
d',indication f ! ,london & ,c\nty      
,bank4 ,a fooli% hum\r prompts me to    
unfold all ^!1 h& !m to h] & take !     
consequ5ces1 b ,i resi/4  ,lo/1 ,i say1 
briefly4  ,bo? lo/8 %e asks1 look+ at my
 fri5d4  ,bo?1 ,i answ]4  ,h[8  ,i      
a/oni% myself by ! read9ess ( my answ]4 
,i fell d[n a sn[ slope & !y came out ( 

my pocket4  ,& exactly ! same ?+ happ5$ 
to bo? ( y8  ,no4 ,he'd giv5 me 8 to put
 ) my own4 ,%e rais$ h] eyebr[s4 ,8     
pocket is defective1 ,i add1 a little   
ha/ily4  ,h] mann]s are too ,utopian =  
h] to foll[ t up4 ,%e seems to reflect  
on proc$ure4  ,:at are y\r numb]s8 %e   
asks1 abruptly4  ,a vision ( t conf\nd$ 
visitors' book at ! inn above comes into
 my m9d4 ,let me see1 ,i say1 & pat my  
=ehead & reflect1 refra9+ f ! (ficial   
eye be=e me4 ,let me see4  ,:at is y\rs8
 %e asks ! botani/4  ,a4 ,b41 he says1  
sl[ly1 little a1 n9e f\r sev51 ,i       
?9k----  ,don't y "k8  ,n exactly1 says 
! botani/1 v agreeably4 ,no4  ,d y mean 
to say nei!r ( y "k y\r own numb]s8 says
 ! little po/-mi/ress1 ) a ris+ note4   
,yes1 ,i say1 ) an engag+ smile & try+  
to keep up a good social tone4 ,x's     
que]1 isn't x8 ,we've bo? =gott54  ,y're
 jok+1 %e sugge/s4  ,well1 ,i temporise4
  ,i suppose y've got y\r ?umbs8  ,!    
fact is---- ,i say & hesitate4 ,we've   
got our ?umbs1 ( c\rse4  ,!n ,i %all h  

to s5d a ?umb-pr9t d[n to ! (fice & get 
y\r numb] f t4 ,b are y sure y hav5't   
y\r pap]s or numb]s8 ,x's v que]4  ,we  
admit r %eepi%ly t x's que]1 & "q "o    
ano!r sil5tly4  ,%e turns ?\ghtfully = !
 ?umb-m>k+ slab1 & z %e does s1 a man   
ent]s ! (fice4 ,at ! sight ( him %e asks
 ) a note ( relief1 ,:at am ,i to d1    
sir1 "h8  ,he looks f h] to u gravely1 &
 8 eye lights to curiosity at our dress4
 ,:at is ! matt]1 madam8 he asks1 9 a   
c\rte\s voice4  ,%e expla9s4  ,s f> !   
impression we h _h ( our ,utopia is "o (
 a q une>?ly sanity1 ( good managem5t & 
compreh5sive design 9 e mat]ial ?+1 & x 
has seem$ to u a little incongru\s t all
 ! ,utopians we h talk$ to1 our ho/ (   
la/ night1 ! po/-mi/ress & our g>rul\s  
tramp1 h be5 ( ! mo/ commonplace type4  
,b sudd5ly !re looks out f ?is man's    
pose & reg>d a diff]5t quality1 a       
quality altoge!r ne>] t ( ! beautiful   
tramway & ( ! graci\s ord] ( ! m\nta9   
h\ses4 ,he is a well-built man ( p]haps 
five & ?irty1 ) ! easy movem5t t comes )

 p]fect physical condition1 8 face is   
clean %av5 & %[s ! firm m\? ( a         
discipl9$ man1 & 8 grey eyes are cle> & 
/eady4 ,8 legs are clad 9 "s wov5 /uff  
deep-r$ 9 col\r1 & ov] ?is he we>s a    
:ite %irt fitt+ pretty closely1 & ) a   
wov5 purple hem4 ,8 g5]al effect rem9ds 
me someh[ ( ! ,knights ,templ>s4 ,on 8  
head is a cap ( ?9 lea!r & /ill ?9n]    
/eel1 & ) ! ve/iges ( e>-gu>ds--r l an  
att5uat$ v]sion ( ! caps t 7 worn by    
,cromwell's ,ironsides4  ,he looks at u 
& we int]polate a ^w or s z %e expla9s &
 feel a good deal ( emb>rassm5t at !    
fooli% position we h made = ourselves4  
,i det]m9e to cut my way out ( ?is      
entanglem5t be=e x complicates itself   
fur!r4  ,! fact is---- ,i say4  ,yes8 he
 says1 ) a fa9t smile4  ,we've p]haps   
be5 dis+5u\s4 ,our position is s        
entirely exceptional1 s difficult to    
expla9----  ,:at h y be5 do+8  ,no1 ,i  
say1 ) decision2 x c't be expla9$ l t4  
,he looks d[n at 8 feet4 ,g on1 he says4
  ,i try to give ! ?+ a quiet1          

matt]-(-fact air4 ,y see1 ,i say1 9 !   
tone "o adopts = really lucid           
explanations1 we come f ano!r _w4       
,consequ5tly1 :atev] ?umb-m>k           
regi/ration or numb]+ y h 9 ?is planet  
doesn't apply to u1 & we don't "k our   
numb]s because we hav5't got any4 ,we   
are really1 y "k1 explor]s1 /rang]s---- 
,b :at _w d y mean8  ,x's a diff]5t     
planet--a long way away4 ,practically at
 an inf9ite di/ance4  ,he looks up 9 my 
face ) ! pati5t expression ( a man :o   
li/5s to nons5se4  ,i "k x s\nds        
impossible1 ,i say1 b "h is ! simple    
fact--we appe> 9 y\r _w4 ,we appe>$     
sudd5ly ^u ! neck ( ,luc5dro--! ,passo  
,luc5dro--ye/]day aft]noon1 & ,i defy y 
to discov] ! fa9te/ trace ( u be=e t "t4
 ,d[n we m>*$ into ! ,san ,got?>d road &
 "h we are6 ,t's our fact4 ,& z =       
pap]s----6 ,:]e 9 y\r _w h y se5 pap]s l
 ?is8  ,i produce my pocket-book1       
extract my passport1 & pres5t x to him4 
,8 expression has *ang$4 ,he takes !    
docum5t & exam9es x1 turns x ov]1 looks 

at me1 & smiles t fa9t smile ( 8 aga94  
,h "s m1 ,i say1 & pr(f] ! c>d ( !      
,t4,c4,f4  ,i foll[ up t bl[ ) my gre5  
,briti% ,museum ticket1 z tatt]$ z a    
flag 9 a knight's *apel4  ,y'll get f\nd
 out1 he says1 ) my docum5ts 9 8 h&4    
,y've got y\r ?umbs4 ,y'll be measur$4  
,!y'll ref] to ! c5tral regi/]s1 & !re  
y'll be6  ,t's j x1 ,i say1 we %a'n't   
be4  ,he reflects4 ,x's a que] sort (   
joke = y two m5 to play1 he decides1 h&+
 me back my docum5ts4  ,x's no joke at  
all1 ,i say1 replac+ !m 9 my            
pocket-book4  ,! po/-mi/ress int]v5es4  
,:at w\ld y advise me to d8  ,no money8 
he asks4  ,no4  ,he makes "s sugge/ions4
 ,frankly1 he says1 ,i ?9k y h escap$ f 
"s isl&4 ,h[ y got s f> z "h ,i c't     
imag9e1 or :at y ?9k y'll d4444 ,b      
anyh[1 !re's ! /uff = y\r ?umbs4  ,he   
po9ts to ! ?umb-m>k+ app>atus & turns to
 att5d to 8 own bus9ess4  ,pres5tly we  
em]ge f ! (fice 9 a /ate betwe5         
discomfiture & amusem5t1 ea* ) a tramway
 ticket = ,luc]ne 9 8 h& & ) suffici5t  

money to pay our exp5ses until ! morr[4 
,we are to g to ,luc]ne because !re !re 
is a dem& = comp>atively unskill$ lab\r 
9 c>v+ wood1 :i* seems to u a sort ( "w 
)9 our range & a sort t w n compel our  
sep>ation4   ,section #f  ,! old        
,utopias are sessile organisations2 !   
new mu/ squ>e itself to ! ne$s ( a      
migratory population1 to an endless com+
 & go+1 to a p z fluid & tidal z ! sea4 
,x does n ent] into ! s*eme ( e>?ly     
/atesman%ip1 b inde$ all local          
e/abli%m5ts1 all def9itions ( place1 are
 ev5 n[ melt+ "u our eyes4 ,pres5tly all
 ! _w w be awa% ) anonym\s /rang] m54   
,n[ ! simple laws ( cu/om1 ! homely     
me?ods ( id5tification t s]v$ 9 ! little
 communities ( ! pa/ :5 ev]yone knew    
ev]yone1 fail 9 ! face ( ?is            
liquefaction4 ,if ! mod]n ,utopia is    
inde$ to be a _w ( responsible citiz5s1 
x mu/ h devis$ "s s*eme by :i* e p]son 9
 ! _w c be promptly & c]ta9ly recognis$1
 & by :i* anyone miss+ c be trac$ &     
f\nd4  ,?is is by no means an impossible

 dem&4 ,! total population ( ! _w is1 on
 ! mo/ g5]\s e/imate1 n m ?an           
#a1ejj1jjj1jjj1 & ! effectual index+ (  
?is numb] ( p1 ! record ( _! movem5t    
hi!r & ?i!r1 ! entry ( v>i\s mat]ial    
facts1 su* z m>riage1 p>5tage1 crim9al  
convictions & ! l1 ! entry ( ! new-born 
& ! elim9ation ( ! dead1 colossal task  
?\gh x w\ld be1 is /ill n s great z to  
be immeasurably beyond comp>ison ) ! "w 
( ! po/-(fices 9 ! _w ( to-day1 or !    
catalogu+ ( su* libr>ies z t ( ! ,briti%
 ,museum1 or su* collections z t ( !    
insects 9 ,cromwell ,road4 ,su* an index
 c\ld be h\s$ q com=tably on "o side (  
,nor?umb]l& ,av5ue1 = example4 ,x is    
only a reasonable tribute to ! di/9ctive
 lucidity ( ! ,fr5* m9d to suppose !    
c5tral index h\s$ 9 a va/ s]ies (       
build+s at or ne> ,p>is4 ,! index w\ld  
be classifi$ prim>ily by "s un*ang+     
physical *>act]i/ic1 su* z we are told !
 ?umb-m>k & f+]-m>k af=d1 & to ^! w\ld  
be add$ any o!r physical traits t 7 (   
mat]ial value4 ,! classification (      

?umb-m>ks & ( inalt]able physical       
*>act]i/ics goes on /eadily1 & !re is e 
reason = assum+ x possible t ea* human  
be+ c\ld be giv5 a di/9ct =mula1 a numb]
 or sci5tific "n1 "u :i* he or %e c\ld  
be docket$4 ,footnote3 ,x is q possible 
t ! actual ?umb-m>k may play only a     
small "p 9 ! "w ( id5tification1 b x is 
an obvi\s conv5i5ce to our ?read ( /ory 
to assume t x is ! "o suffici5t feature4
 ,ab\t ! build+s 9 :i* ?is great ma9    
index w\ld be ga!r$1 w\ld be a sy/em (  
o!r indices ) cross ref]5ces to ! ma9   
"o1 arrang$ "u names1 "u pr(essional    
qualifications1 "u diseases1 crimes & ! 
l4  ,^! index c>ds might conceivably be 
transp>5t & s contriv$ z to give a      
photographic copy promptly :5ev] x 0    
ne$$1 & !y c\ld h an atta*m5t into :i*  
w\ld slip a ticket be>+ ! "n ( !        
locality 9 :i* ! individual 0 la/       
report$4 ,a little army ( att5dants w\ld
 be at "w ^u ?is index day & night4 ,f  
sub-/ations con/antly engag$ 9 *eck+    
back ?umb-m>ks & numb]s1 an incessant   

/ream ( in=mation w\ld come1 ( bir?s1 ( 
dea?s1 ( arrivals at inns1 (            
applications to po/-(fices = lett]s1 (  
tickets tak5 = long j\rneys1 ( crim9al  
convictions1 m>riages1 applications =   
public doles & ! l4 ,a filt] ( (fices   
w\ld sort ! /ream1 & all day & all night
 = ev] a sw>m ( cl]ks w\ld g to & fro   
correct+ ?is c5tral regi/]1 &           
photograph+ copies ( its entries =      
transmission to ! subord9ate local      
/ations1 9 response to _! inquiries4 ,s 
! inv5tory ( ! ,/ate w\ld wat* its e man
 & ! wide _w write its hi/ory z ! fabric
 ( its de/9y fl[$ on4 ,at la/1 :5 !     
citiz5 di$1 w\ld come ! la/ entry ( all1
 8 age & ! cause ( 8 dea? & ! date &    
place ( 8 cremation1 & 8 c>d w\ld be    
tak5 out & pass$ on to ! univ]sal       
p$igree1 to a place ( great] quiet1 to !
 ev]-gr[+ gall]ies ( ! records ( ! dead4
  ,su* a record is inevitable if a      
,mod]n ,utopia is to be a*iev$4  ,yet at
 ?is1 too1 our blond-hair$ fri5d w\ld no
 d\bt rebel4 ,"o ( ! _m ?+s to :i* "s w 

make claim z a "r1 is t ( go+           
unrecognis$ & secret :i!r "o w4 ,b t1 s 
f> z "o's fell[ wayf>]s 7 conc]n$1 w\ld 
/ill be possible4 ,only ! ,/ate w\ld %>e
 ! secret ( "o's little concealm5t4 ,to 
! eighte5?-c5tury ,lib]al1 to !         
old-fa%ion$ n9ete5?-c5tury ,lib]al1 t is
 to say to all pr(ess$ ,lib]als1 br\ght 
up to be aga9/ ! ,gov]nm5t on pr9ciple1 
?is organis$ clairvoyance w be ! mo/    
hateful ( dreams4 ,p]haps1 too1 !       
,individuali/ w\ld see x 9 t light4 ,b  
^! are only ! m5tal habits acquir$ 9 an 
evil "t4 ,! old ,lib]alism assum$ bad   
gov]nm5t1 ! m p[]ful ! gov]nm5t ! worse 
x 01 j z x assum$ ! natural righte\sness
 ( ! free individual4 ,d>kness & secrecy
 71 inde$1 ! natural refuges ( lib]ty :5
 e gov]nm5t _h 9 x ! ne> possibility (  
tyranny1 & ! ,engli%man or ,am]ican     
look$ at ! pap]s ( a ,russian or a      
,g]man z "o might look at ! *a9s ( a    
slave4 ,y imag9e t fa!r ( ! old         
,lib]alism1 ,r\sseau1 sl9k+ (f f 8      
(fspr+ at ! door ( ! ,f\ndl+ ,hospital1 

& y c und]/& :at a crime aga9/ natural  
virtue ?is quiet eye ( ! ,/ate w\ld h   
seem$ to him4 ,b suppose we d n assume t
 gov]nm5t is necess>ily bad1 & !        
individual necess>ily good--& ! hypo!sis
 ^u :i* we are work+ practically        
aboli%es ei!r alt]native--!n we alt] !  
case altoge!r4 ,! gov]nm5t ( a mod]n    
,utopia w be no p]fection ( int5tions   
ignorantly rul+ ! _w4444 ,footnote3 ,9 !
 typical mod]n ,/ate ( our own _w1 ) its
 population ( _m millions1 & its extreme
 facility ( movem5t1 undi/+ui%$ m5 :o   
adopt an alias c make !mselves          
untraceable ) ! utmo/ ease4 ,!          
temptation ( ! opportunities ?us (f]$   
has develop$ a new type ( crim9ality1 ! 
,deem+ or ,crossman type1 base m5 :o    
subsi/ & fe$ _! heavy imag9ations 9 !   
woo+1 betrayal1 ill-treatm5t1 &         
sometimes ev5 ! murd] ( undi/+ui%$ wom54
 ,?is is a l>ge1 a gr[+1 &1 :at is      
grave/1 a prolific class1 fo/]$ by !    
practical anonymity ( ! common man4 ,x  
is only ! murd]]s :o attract mu* public 

att5tion1 b ! supply ( l[-class         
pro/itutes is also l>gely due to ^! free
 adv5tures ( ! base4 ,x is "o ( ! bye   
products ( ,/ate ,lib]alism1 & at pres5t
 x is v probably draw+ ahead 9 ! race   
aga9/ ! developm5t ( police             
organisation4  ,su* is ! eye ( ! ,/ate t
 is n[ sl[ly beg9n+ to appreh5d our     
exi/5ce z two que] & inexplicable p>ties
 di/urb+ ! f9e ord] ( its field (       
vision1 ! eye t w pres5tly be focuss+   
itself ^u u ) a gr[+ a/oni%m5t &        
int]rogation4 ,:o 9 ! "n ( ,galton &    
,b]tillon1 "o fancies ,utopia exclaim+1 
are y8  ,i p]ceive ,i %all cut a que]   
figure 9 t focus4 ,i %all affect a c]ta9
 spuri\s ease ( c>riage no d\bt4 ,! fact
 is1 ,i %all beg94444   ,section #g  ,& 
n[ see h[ an initial hypo!sis may pursue
 & ov]take its mak]4 ,our ?umb-m>ks h   
be5 tak51 !y h travell$ by pneumatic    
tube to ! c5tral (fice ( ! municipality 
h>d by ,luc]ne1 & h gone on !nce to !   
headqu>t]s ( ! index at ,p>is4 ,!re1    
aft] a r\gh prelim9>y classification1 ,i

 imag9e !m photograph$ on glass1 & flung
 by means ( a lant]n 9 colossal images  
^u a scre51 all f9ely squ>$1 & ! c>eful 
exp]ts m>k+ & measur+ _! sev]al         
convolutions4 ,& !n (f goes a brisk cl]k
 to ! long gall]ies ( ! index build+4   
,i h told !m !y w f9d no sign ( u1 b y  
see him go+ f gall]y to gall]y1 f bay to
 bay1 f draw] to draw]1 & f c>d to c>d4 
,"h he is6 he mutt]s to himself1 & he   
:ips out a c>d & reads4 ,b t is         
impossible6 he says4444  ,y figure u    
return+ aft] a day or s ( su* ,utopian  
exp]i5ces z ,i mu/ pres5tly describe1 to
 ! c5tral (fice 9 ,luc]ne1 ev5 z we h   
be5 told to d4  ,i make my way to ! desk
 ( ! man :o has dealt ) u be=e4 ,well8  
,i say1 *e]fully1 h y he>d8  ,8         
expression da%es me a little4 ,we've    
he>d1 he says1 & adds1 x's v peculi>4   
,i told y y w\ldn't f9d out ab\t u1 ,i  
say1 triumphantly4  ,b we h1 he says2 b 
t makes y\r freak none ! less rem>kable4
  ,y've he>d6 ,y "k :o we are6          
,well--tell u6 ,we _h an idea1 b we're  

beg9n+ to d\bt4  ,y1 says ! (ficial1    
address+ ! botani/1 are----6  ,& he     
brea!s 8 "n4 ,!n he turns to me & gives 
me m9e4  ,= a mom5t ,i am dumbf\nd$4 ,!n
 ,i ?9k ( ! entries we made at ! inn 9 !
 ,urs]5?al1 & !n 9 a fla% ,i h ! tru?4  
,i rap ! desk sm>tly ) my f+]-tips &    
%ake my index-f+] 9 my fri5d's face4    
,by ,jove6 ,i say 9 ,engli%4 ,!y've got 
our d\bles6  ,! botani/ snaps 8 f+]s4 ,(
 c\rse6 ,i didn't ?9k ( t4  ,d y m9d1 ,i
 say to ?is (ficial1 tell+ u "s m ab\t  
ourselves8  ,i c't ?9k :y y keep x up1  
he rem>ks1 & !n almo/ we>ily tells me ! 
facts ab\t my ,utopian self4 ,!y are a  
little difficult to und]/&4 ,he says ,i 
am "o ( ! samurai1 :i* s\nds ,japanese1 
b y w be degrad$1 he says1 ) a ge/ure   
almo/ ( despair4 ,he describes my       
position 9 ?is _w 9 phrases t convey v  
little4  ,! que] ?+1 he rem>ks1 is t y 7
 9 ,norway only ?ree days ago4  ,i am   
!re /ill4 ,at lea/----4 ,i'm sorry to be
 s mu* tr\ble to y1 b d y m9d foll[+ up 
t la/ clue & inquir+ if ! p]son to :om !

 ?umb-m>k really belongs isn't 9 ,norway
 /ill8  ,! idea ne$s explanation4 ,he   
says some?+ incompreh5sible ab\t a      
pilgrimage4 ,soon] or lat]1 ,i say1 y w 
h to believe !re are two ( u ) ! same   
?umb-m>k4 ,i won't tr\ble y ) any app>5t
 nons5se ab\t o!r planets & s =? aga94  
,"h ,i am4 ,if ,i 0 9 ,norway a few days
 ago1 y ought to be able to trace my    
j\rney hi!r4 ,& my fri5d8  ,he 0 9      
,india4 ,! (ficial is beg9n+ to look    
p]plex$4  ,x seems to me1 ,i say1 t !   
difficulties 9 ?is case are only j      
beg9n+4 ,h[ did ,i get f ,norway hi!r8  
,does my fri5d look l hopp+ f ,india to 
! ,sa9t ,got?>d at "o hop8 ,! situation 
is a little m difficult ?an t----  ,b   
"h6 says ! (ficial1 & waves :at are no  
d\bt photographic copies ( ! index c>ds4
  ,b we are n ^? individuals6  ,y are ^?
 individuals4  ,y w see1 ,i say4  ,he   
dabs 8 f+] argum5tatively ^u !          
?umb-m>ks4 ,i see n[1 he says4  ,!re is 
a mi/ake1 ,i ma9ta91 an unprec$5t$      
mi/ake4 ,!re's ! difficulty4 ,if y      

inquire y w f9d x beg9 to unravel4 ,:at 
reason is !re = u to rema9 casual workm5
 "h1 :5 y allege we are m5 ( position 9 
! _w1 if !re isn't some?+ wrong8 ,we    
%all /ick to ?is wood-c>v+ "w y h f\nd u
 "h1 & mean:ile ,i ?9k y ought to       
inquire aga94 ,t's h[ ! ?+ %apes to me4 
,y\r case w c]ta9ly h to be consid]$    
fur!r1 he says1 ) ! fa9te/ ( ?reat5+    
notes 9 8 tone4 ,b at ! same "t--h& out 
to ^? copies f ! index aga9--!re y are1 
y "k6   ,section #h  ,:5 my botani/ & ,i
 h talk$ ov] & exhau/$ e possibility (  
our imm$iate position1 we %\ld turn1 ,i 
?9k1 to m g5]al que/ions4  ,i %\ld tell 
him ! ?+ t 0 becom+ m & m app>5t 9 my   
own m9d4 ,"h1 ,i %\ld say1 is a _w1     
obvi\sly on ! face ( x well organis$4   
,comp>$ ) our _w1 x is l a well-oil$    
eng9e beside a scrap-heap4 ,x has ev5   
got ?is conf\nd$ visual organ swivell+  
ab\t 9 ! mo/ al]t & lively fa%ion4 ,b   
t's by ! way4444 ,y h only to look at   
all ^! h\ses bel[4 7,we %\ld be sitt+ on
 a seat on ! ,guts* & look+ d[n on !    

,luc]ne ( ,utopia1 a ,luc]ne t w\ld1 ,i 
insi/1 q arbitr>ily1 /ill keep !        
,wass]?urm & ! ,kapellbrucke47 ,y h only
 to m>k ! beauty1 ! simple cleanl9ess & 
balance ( ?is _w1 y h only to see ! free
 c>riage1 ! unaffect$ graci\sness ( ev5 
! common p1 to und]/& h[ f9e & complete 
! arrangem5ts ( ?is _w mu/ be4 ,h[ are  
!y made s8 ,we ( ! tw5tie? c5tury are n 
go+ to accept ! sweeti%1 fa9tly na/y    
slops ( ,r\sseauism t s gratifi$ our    
great-great-gr&p>5ts 9 ! eighte5?4 ,we  
"k t ord] & ju/ice d n come by          
,nature--if only ! policeman w\ld g     
away4 ,^! ?+s mean int5tion1 w1 c>ri$ to
 a scale t our poor vacillat+1 hot &    
cold e>? has nev] kn[n4 ,:at ,i am      
really see+ m & m cle>ly is ! w b5ea?   
?is visible ,utopia4 ,conv5i5t h\ses1   
admirable eng9e]+ t is no (f5ce amid/   
natural beauties1 beautiful bodies1 & a 
univ]sally graci\s c>riage1 ^! are only 
! outw>d & visible signs ( an inw>d &   
spiritual grace4 ,su* an ord] means     
discipl9e4 ,x means triumph ov] ! petty 

egotisms & vanities t keep m5 on our e>?
 ap>t2 x means devotion & a nobl] hope2 
x _c exi/ )\t a gigantic process (      
inquiry1 trial1 =e?\ght & pati5ce 9 an  
atmosph]e ( mutual tru/ & concession4   
,su* a _w z ?is ,utopia is n made by !  
*ance occasional co-op]ations (         
self-indulg5t m51 by autocratic rul]s or
 by ! bawl+ wisdom ( ! democratic lead]4
 ,& an unre/rict$ competition = ga91 an 
enlight5$ selfi%ness1 t too fails u4444 
,i h comp>$ ! sy/em ( index+ humanity we
 h come ^u to an eye1 an eye s s5sitive 
& al]t t two /rang]s _c appe> any:]e ^u 
! planet )\t discov]y4 ,n[ an eye does n
 see )\t a bra91 an eye does n turn r\nd
 & look )\t a w & purpose4 ,a ,utopia t 
deals only ) appliances & arrangem5ts is
 a dream ( sup]ficialities2 ! ess5tial  
problem "h1 ! body )9 ^! g>m5ts1 is a   
moral & an intellectual problem4 ,beh9d 
all ?is mat]ial ord]1 ^! p]fect$        
communications1 p]fect$ public s]vices &
 economic organisations1 !re mu/ be m5 &
 wom5 will+ ^! ?+s4 ,!re mu/ be a       

consid]able numb] & a succession ( ^! m5
 & wom5 ( w4 ,no s+le p]son1 no         
transitory gr\p ( p1 c\ld ord] & su/a9  
?is va/ complexity4 ,!y mu/ h a         
collective if n a common wid? ( aim1 & t
 involves a spok5 or writt5 lit]ature1 a
 liv+ lit]ature to su/a9 ! h>mony ( _!  
g5]al activity4 ,9 "s way !y mu/ h put !
 m imm$iate objects ( desire into a     
second>y place1 & t means r5unciation4  
,!y mu/ be effectual 9 action & p]si/5t 
9 w1 & t means discipl9e4 ,b 9 ! mod]n  
_w 9 :i* progress advances )\t limits1 x
 w be evid5t t :atev] common cre$ or    
=mula !y h mu/ be ( ! simple/ sort2 t   
:atev] organisation !y h mu/ be z mobile
 & flexible z a ?+ alive4 ,all ?is      
foll[s inevitably f ! g5]al propositions
 ( our ,utopian dream4 ,:5 we made ^?1  
we b\nd ourselves helplessly to come to 
?is4444  ,! botani/ w\ld nod an ab/ract$
 ass5t4  ,i %\ld cease to talk4 ,i %\ld 
direct my m9d to ! confus$ mass (       
memories ?ree days 9 ,utopia w h giv5 u4
 ,besides ! p]sonalities ) :om we h come

 into actual contact1 our v>i\s ho/s1   
our =eman & "w-fell[s1 ! blond man1 !   
public (ficials & s on1 !re w be a great
 multitude ( o!r impressions4 ,!re w be 
_m bright snap%ots ( little *ildr51 =   
example1 ( girls & wom5 & m51 se5 9 %ops
 & (fices & /reets1 on quays1 at w9d[s &
 by ! wayside1 p rid+ hi!r & ?i!r &     
walk+ to & fro4 ,a v human cr[d x has   
seem$ to me4 ,b among !m 7 !re any :o   
might be ?\ght ( z hav+ a wid] int]e/   
?an ! o!rs1 :o seem$ 9 any way deta*$ f 
! re/ by a purpose t pass$ beyond ! se58
  ,!n sudd5ly ,i recall t clean-%av5 man
 :o talk$ ) u = a little :ile 9 ! public
 (fice at ,wass51 ! man :o rem9d$ me (  
my boyi% conception ( a ,knight ,templ>1
 & ) him come mom5t>y impressions ( o!r 
li! & s]i\s-look+ p dress$ aft] ! same  
mann]1 words & phrases we h read 9 su*  
scraps ( ,utopian read+ z h come our    
way1 & expressions t fell f ! loose m\? 
( ! man ) ! blond hair4444    ,,*apt]   
,,! ,,six?  ,wom5 9 a ,mod]n ,utopia    
,section #a  ,b ?\gh ,i h come to a po9t

 :]e ! problem ( a ,utopia has resolv$  
itself v simply into ! problem (        
gov]nm5t & direction1 ,i f9d ,i h n     
br\ght ! botani/ ) me4 ,frankly he _c   
?9k s /eadily onw>d z ,i c4 ,i feel to  
?9k1 he ?9ks to feel4 ,x is ,i & my k9d 
t h ! wid] range1 because we c be       
imp]sonal z well z p]sonal4 ,we c escape
 ourselves4 ,9 g5]al t]ms1 at lea/1 ,i  
und]/& him1 b he does n und]/& me 9 any 
way at all4 ,he ?9ks me an              
incompreh5sible brute because 8         
obsession is m]ely "o ( my incid5tal    
int]e/s1 & :]ev] my reason+ ceases to be
 explicit & full1 ! slighte/ ellipsis1 !
 mo/ transitory digression1 he evades me
 & is back at himself aga94 ,he may h a 
p]sonal lik+ = me1 ?\gh ,i d\bt x1 b    
also he hates me pretty di/9ctly1       
because ( ?is bias he _c und]/&4 ,my    
philosophical insi/5ce t ?+s %all be    
reasonable & hang toge!r1 t :at c be    
expla9$ %all be expla9$1 & t :at c be   
done by calculation & c]ta9 me?ods %all 
n be left to *ance1 he loa!s4 ,he j     

wants adv5tur\sly to feel4 ,he wants to 
feel ! sunset1 & he ?9ks t on ! :ole he 
w\ld feel x bett] if he _h n be5 taught 
! sun 0 ab\t n9ety-two million miles    
away4 ,he wants to feel free & /rong1 & 
he w\ld r feel s ?an be s4 ,he does n   
want to accompli% great ?+s1 b to h     
dazzl+ ?+s occur to him4 ,he does n "k t
 !re are feel+s also up 9 ! cle> air ( !
 philosophic m\nta9s1 9 ! long asc5ts ( 
ef=t & design4 ,he does n "k t ?\ght    
itself is only a f9] sort ( feel+ ?an   
8--good hock to ! mix$ g91 port] &      
treacle ( 8 emotions1 a p]ception (     
similitudes & oppositions t c>ries ev5  
?rills4 ,& naturally he broods on !     
s\rce ( all 8 mo/ copi\s feel+s &       
emotions1 wom51 & p>ticul>ly ^u ! woman 
:o has mo/ made him feel4 ,he =ces me   
also to t4  ,our position is un=tunate =
 me4 ,our return to ! ,utopian equival5t
 ( ,luc]ne revives 9 him all ! melan*oly
 di/resses t s preoccupi$ him :5 fir/ we
 7 transf]r$ to ?is bett] planet4 ,"o   
day1 :ile we are /ill wait+ !re = !     

public (fice to decide ab\t u1 he       
broa*es ! matt]4 ,x is e>ly ev5+1 & we  
are walk+ beside ! lake aft] our simple 
d9n]4 ,ab\t "h1 he says1 ! quays w\ld   
run & all ^? big hotels w\ld be along   
"h1 look+ out on ! lake4 ,x's s /range  
to h se5 !m s rec5tly1 & n[ n to see !m 
at all4444 ,:]e h !y gone8  ,vani%$ by  
hypo!sis4  ,:at8  ,oh6 ,!y're !re /ill4 
,x's we t h come hi!r4  ,( c\rse4 ,i    
=got4 ,b /ill---- ,y "k1 !re 0 an av5ue 
( little trees along ?is quay ) seats1 &
 %e 0 sitt+ look+ out ^u ! lake4444 ,i  
hadn't se5 h] = t5 ye>s4  ,he looks ab\t
 him /ill a little p]plex$4 ,n[ we are  
"h1 he says1 x seems z ?\gh t meet+ & ! 
talk we _h mu/ h be5 a dream4  ,he falls
 mus+4  ,pres5tly he says3 ,i knew h] at
 once4 ,i saw h] 9 pr(ile4 ,b1 y "k1 ,i 
didn't speak to h] directly4 ,i walk$   
pa/ h] seat & on = a little way1 try+ to
 control myself4444 ,!n ,i turn$ back & 
sat d[n beside h]1 v quietly4 ,%e look$ 
up at me4 ,ev]y?+ came back--ev]y?+4 ,= 
a mom5t or s ,i felt ,i 0 go+ to cry4444

  ,t seems to give him a sort (         
satisfaction ev5 9 ! rem9isc5ce4  ,we   
talk$ = a "t j l casual                 
acqua9tances--ab\t ! view & ! wea!r1 &  
?+s l t4  ,he muses aga94  ,9 ,utopia   
ev]y?+ w\ld h be5 diff]5t1 ,i say4  ,i  
suppose x w\ld4  ,he goes on be=e ,i c  
say any?+ m4  ,!n1 y "k1 !re 0 a pause4 
,i _h a sort ( intuition t ! mom5t 0    
com+4 ,s ,i ?9k _h %e4 ,y may sc(f1 (   
c\rse1 at ^! intuitions----  ,i don't1 z
 a matt] ( fact4 ,in/ead1 ,i swe>       
secretly4 ,always ?is sort ( man keeps  
up ! pret5ce ( highly di/+ui%$ &        
rem>kable m5tal processes1 :]eas--h n   
,i1 9 my own composition1 ! :ole        
diapason ( emotional fool8 ,is n !      
suppression ( ^! notes my p]petual ef=t1
 my undy+ despair8 ,& !n1 am ,i to be   
accus$ ( pov]ty8  ,b to 8 /ory4  ,%e    
said1 q abruptly1 ',i am n happy1' & ,i 
told h]1 ',i knew t ! in/ant ,i saw y4' 
,!n1 y "k1 %e began to talk to me v     
quietly1 v frankly1 ab\t ev]y?+4 ,x 0   
only aft]w>ds ,i began to feel j :at x  

meant1 h] talk+ to me l t4  ,i _c li/5  
to ?is6  ,don't y und]/&1 ,i cry1 t we  
are 9 ,utopia4 ,%e may be b\nd unhappily
 ^u e>? & y may be b\nd1 b n "h4 ,"h ,i 
?9k x w be diff]5t4 ,"h ! laws t control
 all ^! ?+s w be humane & j4 ,s t all y 
said & did1 ov] !re1 does n signify     
"h--does n signify "h6  ,he looks up = a
 mom5t at my face1 & !n c>elessly at my 
wond]ful new _w4  ,yes1 he says1 )\t    
int]e/1 ) some?+ ( ! tone ( an ab/ract$ 
eld] speak+ to a *ild1 ,i d>e say x w be
 all v f9e "h4 ,& he lapses1 ?w>t$ f 8  
confid5ces1 into mus+4  ,!re is some?+  
almo/ dignifi$ 9 ?is )drawal into       
himself4 ,= a mom5t ,i ent]ta9 an       
illusion t really ,i am unwor?y to he> !
 impalpable inconclusiv5ess ( :at he    
said to h] & ( :at %e said to him4  ,i  
am snubb$4 ,i am also amaz$ to f9d      
myself snubb$4 ,i become brea?less )    
indignation4 ,we walk along side by     
side1 b n[ pr(\ndly e/rang$4  ,i reg>d !
 facade ( ! ,utopian public (fices (    
,luc]ne--,i _h meant to call 8 att5tion 

to "s ( ! ar*itectural features ( ^!--) 
a *ang$ eye1 ) all ! _s gone out ( my   
vision4 ,i wi% ,i _h nev] br\ght ?is    
introspective c>cass1 ?is m5tal +rate1 )
 me4  ,i incl9e to fatali/ic submission4
 ,i suppose ,i _h no p[] to leave him   
beh9d4444 ,i wond] & ,i wond]4 ,! old   
,utopi/s nev] _h to encumb] !mselves )  
?is sort ( man4   ,section #b  ,h[ w\ld 
?+s be diff]5t 9 ! ,mod]n ,utopia8 ,aft]
 all x is "t we fac$ ! riddle ( !       
problems ( m>riage & mo!rhood4444  ,!   
,mod]n ,utopia is n only to be a s\nd & 
happy ,_w ,/ate1 b x is to be "o        
progress+ f good to bett]4 ,b z ,mal?us 
,footnote3 ,essay on ! ,pr9ciples (     
,population4 demon/rat$ = all "t1 a     
,/ate ^: population cont9ues to increase
 9 ob$i5ce to un*eck$ in/9ct1 c progress
 only f bad to worse4 ,f ! view ( human 
com=t & happ9ess1 ! increase (          
population t occurs at ea* advance 9    
human security is ! greate/ evil ( life4
 ,! way ( ,nature is = e species to     
increase ne>ly to its possible maximum (

 numb]s1 & !n to improve ?r\gh !        
pressure ( t maximum aga9/ its limit+   
conditions by ! cru%+ & kill+ ( all !   
feebl] individuals4 ,! way ( ,nature has
 also be5 ! way ( humanity s f>1 &      
except :5 a tempor>y alleviation is     
obta9$ ?r\gh an expansion ( ! g5]al /ock
 ( su/5ance by inv5tion or discov]y1 !  
am\nt ( />vation & ( ! physical mis]y ( 
privation 9 ! _w1 mu/ v>y almo/ exactly 
) ! excess ( ! actual bir?-rate ov] t   
requir$ to su/a9 population at a numb]  
compatible ) a univ]sal cont5tm5t4      
,nei!r has ,nature evolv$1 nor has man s
 f> put into op]ation1 any device by :i*
 pay+ ?is price ( progress1 ?is mis]y ( 
a multitude ( />v$ & unsuccessful lives 
c be evad$4 ,a m]e indiscrim9at+        
re/riction ( ! bir?-rate--an end        
practically atta9$ 9 ! homely1          
old-fa%ion$ civilisation ( ,*9a by      
female infanticide1 involves n only !   
cessation ( di/resses b /agnation1 & !  
m9or good ( a sort ( com=t & social     
/ability is won at too great a          

sacrifice4 ,progress dep5ds ess5tially  
on competitive selection1 & t we may n  
escape4  ,b x is a conceivable &        
possible ?+ t ?is m>g9 ( futile /ruggl+1
 pa9 & discom=t & dea? might be r$uc$ to
 ne>ly no?+ )\t *eck+ physical & m5tal  
evolution1 ) inde$ an accel]ation (     
physical & m5tal evolution1 by prev5t+ !
 bir? ( ^? :o w\ld 9 ! unre/rict$       
int]play ( natural =ces be born to suff]
 & fail4 ,! me?od ( ,nature r$ 9 too? & 
claw is to degrade1 ?w>t1 torture1 &    
kill ! weake/ & lea/ adapt$ memb]s ( e  
species 9 exi/5ce 9 ea* g5]ation1 & s   
keep ! specific av]age ris+2 ! ideal ( a
 sci5tific civilisation is to prev5t ^? 
weakl+s be+ born4 ,!re is no o!r way (  
evad+ ,nature's puni%m5t ( sorr[4 ,!    
/ruggle = life among ! bea/s &          
uncivilis$ m5 means mis]y & dea? = !    
inf]ior individuals1 mis]y & dea? 9 ord]
 t !y may n increase & multiply2 9 !    
civilis$ ,/ate x is n[ cle>ly possible  
to make ! conditions ( life tol]able = e
 liv+ creature1 provid$ ! inf]iors c be 

prev5t$ f increas+ & multiply+4 ,b ?is  
latt] condition mu/ be respect$4 ,in/ead
 ( compet+ to escape dea? & wret*$ness1 
we may compete to give bir? & we may    
heap e sort ( consolation prize ^u !    
los]s 9 t competition4 ,! mod]n ,/ate   
t5ds to qualify inh]itance1 to insi/ ^u 
education & nurture = *ildr51 to come 9 
m & m 9 ! int]e/s ( ! future betwe5 fa!r
 & *ild4 ,x is tak+ ov] ! responsibility
 ( ! g5]al welf>e ( ! *ildr5 m & m1 & z 
x does s1 its "r to decide :i* *ildr5 x 
w %elt] becomes m & m reasonable4  ,h[  
f> w su* conditions be prescrib$8 h[ f> 
c !y be prescrib$ 9 a ,mod]n ,utopia8   
,let u set aside at once all nons5se ( !
 sort "o he>s 9 c]ta9 qu>t]s ab\t !     
human /ud f>m4 ,footnote3 ,see ,mank9d 9
 ! ,mak+1 ,*4 ,,ii4 ,/ate bre$+ ( !     
population 0 a reasonable proposal =    
,plato to make1 9 view ( ! biological k 
( 8 "t & ! purely t5tative nature ( 8   
metaphysics2 b f anyone 9 ! days aft]   
,d>w91 x is prepo/]\s4 ,yet we h x giv5 
to u z ! mo/ brilliant ( mod]n          

discov]ies by a c]ta9 s*ool (           
sociological writ]s1 :o seem totally    
unable to grasp ! modification ( mean+  
species & individual h und]gone 9 ! la/ 
fifty ye>s4 ,!y d n seem capable ( !    
suspicion t ! b\nd>ies ( species h      
vani%$1 & t individuality n[ c>ries ) x 
! quality ( ! unique6 ,to !m individuals
 are /ill defective copies ( a ,platonic
 ideal ( ! species1 & ! purpose ( bre$+ 
no m ?an an approximation to t          
p]fection4 ,individuality is inde$ a    
negligible diff]5ce to !m1 an imp]t95ce1
 & ! :ole fl[ ( mod]n biological ideas  
has wa%$ ov] !m 9 va94  ,b to ! mod]n   
?9k] individuality is ! significant fact
 ( life1 & ! idea ( ! ,/ate1 :i* is     
necess>ily conc]n$ ) ! av]age & g5]al1  
select+ individualities 9 ord] to pair  
!m & improve ! race1 an absurdity4 ,x is
 l fix+ a crane on ! pla9 9 ord] to     
raise ! hill tops4 ,9 ! initiative ( !  
individual above ! av]age1 lies !       
reality ( ! future1 :i* ! ,/ate1 pres5t+
 ! av]age1 may subs]ve b _c control4 ,& 

! natural c5tre ( ! emotional life1 !   
c>d9al w1 ! supreme & significant       
expression ( individuality1 %\ld lie 9 !
 selection ( a p>tn] = procreation4  ,b 
compulsory pair+ is "o ?+1 & ! ma9t5ance
 ( g5]al limit+ conditions is ano!r1 &  
"o well )9 ! scope ( ,/ate activity4 ,! 
,/ate is ju/ifi$ 9 say+1 be=e y may add 
*ildr5 to ! community = ! community to  
educate & 9 "p to support1 y mu/ be     
above a c]ta9 m9imum ( p]sonal          
effici5cy1 & ?is y mu/ %[ by hold+ a    
position ( solv5cy & indep5d5ce 9 ! _w2 
y mu/ be above a c]ta9 age1 & a c]ta9   
m9imum ( physical developm5t1 & free (  
any transmissible disease4 ,y mu/ n be a
 crim9al unless y h expiat$ y\r (f5ce4  
,fail+ ^! simple qualifications1 if y & 
"s p]son conspire & add to ! population 
( ! ,/ate1 we w1 = ! sake ( humanity1   
take ov] ! innoc5t victim ( y\r         
passions1 b we %all insi/ t y are "u a  
debt to ! ,/ate ( a peculi>ly urg5t     
sort1 & "o y w c]ta9ly pay1 ev5 if x is 
necess>y to use re/ra9t to get ! paym5t 

out ( y3 x is a debt t has 9 ! la/      
resort y\r lib]ty z a security1 &1      
moreov]1 if ?is ?+ happ5s a second "t1  
or if x is disease or imbecility y h    
multipli$1 we w take an absolutely      
effectual gu>antee t nei!r y nor y\r    
p>tn] (f5d aga9 9 ?is matt]4  ,h>%6 y   
say1 & ,poor ,humanity6  ,y h ! g5tl]   
alt]native to /udy 9 y\r t]re/rial slums
 & asylums4  ,x may be urg$ t to p]mit  
conspicu\sly inf]ior p to h "o or two   
*ildr5 9 ?is way w\ld be to fail to     
atta9 ! desir$ end1 b1 inde$1 ?is is n  
s4 ,a suitably qualifi$ p]mission1 z e  
/atesman kn[s1 may produce ! social     
effects )\t produc+ ! irksome pressure (
 an absolute prohibition4 ,amid/ bright 
& com=table circum/ances1 & ) an easy & 
practicable alt]native1 p w ex]cise     
=esight & self-re/ra9t to escape ev5 !  
possibilities ( h>d%ip & discom=t2 &    
free life 9 ,utopia is to be well wor?  
?is tr\ble ev5 = inf]ior p4 ,! gr[+     
com=t1 self-respect1 & intellig5ce ( !  
,engli% is %[n1 = example1 9 ! fall 9 ! 

proportion ( illegitimate bir?s f #b4b  
p] #a1jjj 9 #ahdf-ej to #a4b p] #a1jjj 9
 #ahij-aijj1 & ?is )\t any positive     
prev5tive laws :atev]4 ,?is mo/         
desirable result is pretty c]ta9ly n !  
consequ5ce ( any great exaltation ( our 
moral tone1 b simply ( a ris+ /&>d (    
com=t & a liveli] s5se ( consequ5ces &  
responsibilities4 ,if s m>k$ a *ange is 
possible 9 response to su* progress z   
,engl& has a*iev$ 9 ! pa/ fifty ye>s1 if
 discreet re/ra9t c be s effectual z    
?is1 x seems reasonable to suppose t 9 !
 ampl] k & ! clean]1 frank] atmosph]e ( 
our ,utopian planet ! bir? ( a *ild to  
diseas$ or inf]ior p>5ts1 & contr>y to !
 sanctions ( ! ,/ate1 w be ! r>e/ (     
disa/]s4  ,& ! dea? ( a *ild1 too1 t mo/
 tragic ev5t1 ,utopia w r>ely "k4       
,*ildr5 are n born to die 9 *ildhood4 ,b
 9 our _w1 at pres5t1 ?r\gh ! defects ( 
our m$ical sci5ce & nurs+ me?ods1 ?r\gh 
defects 9 our organisation1 ?r\gh pov]ty
 & c>elessness1 & ?r\gh ! bir? ( *ildr5 
t nev] ought to h be5 born1 "o out ( e  

five *ildr5 born dies )9 five ye>s4 ,x  
may be ! read] has witness$ ?is mo/     
di/ressful ( all human trag$ies4 ,x is  
%e] wa/e ( suff]+4 ,!re is no reason :y 
n9ety-n9e out ( e hundr$ *ildr5 born    
%\ld n live to a ripe age4 ,accord+ly1 9
 any ,mod]n ,utopia1 x mu/ be insi/$ !y 
w4   ,section #c  ,all =m] ,utopias h1  
by mod]n /&>ds1 err$ on ! side ( ov]    
regulation 9 ^! matt]s4 ,! am\nt ( ,/ate
 int]f]5ce ) ! m>riage & bir? ( !       
citiz5s ( a mod]n ,utopia w be mu* less 
?an 9 any t]re/rial ,/ate4 ,"h1 j z 9   
relation to prop]ty & ent]prise1 ! law w
 regulate only 9 ord] to secure ! utmo/ 
fre$om & initiative4  ,up to ! beg9n+ ( 
?is *apt]1 our ,utopian speculations1 l 
_m ,acts ( ,p>liam5t1 h ignor$ !        
diff]5ce ( sex4 ,he inde$ is to be read 
z ,he & ,%e 9 all t goes be=e4 ,b we may
 n[ come to ! sexual aspects ( ! mod]n  
ideal ( a con/itution ( society 9 :i*1 =
 all purposes ( ! individual1 wom5 are  
to be z free z m54 ,?is w c]ta9ly be    
realis$ 9 ! ,mod]n ,utopia1 if x c be   

realis$ at all--n only = woman's sake1 b
 = man's4  ,b wom5 may be free 9 !ory & 
n 9 practice1 & z long z !y suff] f _!  
economic inf]iority1 f ! inability to   
produce z mu* value z a man = ! same    
am\nt ( "w--& !re c be no d\bt ( ?is    
inf]iority--s long w _! legal & te*nical
 equality be a mock]y4 ,x is a fact t   
almo/ e po9t 9 :i* a woman diff]s f a   
man is an economic disadvantage to h]1  
h] incapacity = great /resses ( ex]tion1
 h] frequ5t liability to slight         
illnesses1 h] weak] initiative1 h]      
inf]ior inv5tion & res\rcefulness1 h]   
relative incapacity = organisation &    
comb9ation1 & ! possibilities (         
emotional complications :5ev] %e is 9   
economic dep5d5ce on m54 ,s long z wom5 
are comp>$ economically ) m5 & boys !y w
 be inf]ior 9 precisely ! measure 9 :i* 
!y diff] f m54 ,all t con/itutes ?is    
diff]5ce !y are suppos$ n to trade ^u   
except 9 "o way1 & t is by w9n+ or lur+ 
a man to m>ry1 sell+ !mselves 9 an almo/
 irrevocable b>ga91 & !n foll[+ & %>+ 8 

=tunes = bett] or worse4  ,b--d n let ! 
proposition 9 its fir/ crudity al>m     
y--suppose ! ,mod]n ,utopia equalises   
?+s betwe5 ! sexes 9 ! only possible    
way1 by insi/+ t mo!rhood is a s]vice to
 ! ,/ate & a legitimate claim to a liv+2
 & t1 s9ce ! ,/ate is to ex]cise ! "r ( 
=bidd+ or sanction+ mo!rhood1 a woman :o
 is1 or is becom+1 a "m1 is z mu*       
entitl$ to wages above ! m9imum wage1 to
 support1 to fre$om1 & to respect &     
dignity z a policeman1 a                
solicitor-g5]al1 a k+1 a bi%op 9 ! ,/ate
 ,*ur*1 a ,gov]nm5t pr(essor1 or anyone 
else ! ,/ate su/a9s4 ,suppose ! ,/ate   
secures to e woman :o is1 "u legitimate 
sanctions1 becom+ or likely to become a 
"m1 t is to say :o is duly m>ri$1 a     
c]ta9 wage f h] husb& to secure h] aga9/
 ! ne$ ( toil & anxiety1 suppose x pays 
h] a c]ta9 gratuity ^u ! bir? ( a *ild1 
& cont9ues to pay at regul> int]vals    
sums suffici5t to keep h] & h] *ild 9   
indep5d5t fre$om1 s long z ! *ild keeps 
up to ! m9imum /&>d ( heal? & physical &

 m5tal developm5t4 ,suppose x pays m ^u 
! *ild :5 x rises m>k$ly above c]ta9    
m9imum qualifications1 physical or      
m5tal1 &1 9 fact1 does its be/ to make  
?or\ghly effici5t mo!rhood a pr(ession  
wor? foll[+4 ,& suppose 9 correlation ) 
?is x =bids ! indu/rial employm5t (     
m>ri$ wom5 & ( mo!rs :o h *ildr5 ne$+   
c>e1 unless !y are 9 a position to      
employ qualifi$ effici5t sub/itutes to  
take c>e ( _! (fspr+4 ,:at diff]5ces f  
t]re/rial conditions w ensue8  ,?is     
ext5t ( int]v5tion w at lea/ aboli% two 
or ?ree sali5t h>d%ips & evils ( !      
civilis$ life4 ,x w aboli% ! h>d%ip ( ! 
majority ( wid[s1 :o on e>? are poor &  
encumb]$ exactly 9 proportion z !y h    
dis*>g$ ! *ief di/9ctive duty ( a woman1
 & mis]able1 j 9 proportion z _! /&>d ( 
life & ( education is high4 ,x w aboli% 
! h>d%ip ( ^? :o d n n[ m>ry on acc\nt (
 pov]ty1 or :o d n d>e to h *ildr54 ,!  
fe> t (t5 turns a woman f a beautiful to
 a m]c5>y m>riage w vani% f life4 ,9    
,utopia a c>e] ( :olesome mo!rhood w\ld 

be1 "u su* conditions z ,i h sugge/$1 ! 
normal & remun]ative call+ = a woman1 & 
a capable woman :o has borne1 br$1 &    
begun ! education ( eight or n9e        
well-built1 intellig5t1 & successful    
sons & daught]s w\ld be an extremely    
prosp]\s woman1 q irrespective ( !      
economic =tunes ( ! man %e has m>ri$4   
,%e w\ld ne$ to be an exceptional woman1
 & %e w\ld ne$ to h *os5 a man at lea/ a
 little above ! av]age z h] p>tn] 9     
life4 ,b 8 dea?1 or misbehavi\r1 or     
mis=tunes w\ld n ru9 h]4  ,n[ su* an    
arrangem5t is m]ely ! complet$ induction
 f ! />t+ propositions t make "s measure
 ( education free & compulsory = e *ild 
9 ! ,/ate4 ,if y prev5t p mak+ pr(it out
 ( _! *ildr5--& e civilis$ ,/ate--ev5 t 
comp5dium ( old-fa%ion$ ,individualism1 
! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica--is n[ dispos$
 to admit ! necessity ( t prohibition--&
 if y provide = ! ag$ in/ead ( leav+ !m 
to _! *ildr5's s5se ( duty1 ! practical 
inducem5ts to p>5tage1 except among v   
weal?y p1 are greatly r$uc$4 ,!         

s5tim5tal factor 9 ! case r>ely leads to
 m ?an a solit>y *ild or at mo/ two to a
 m>riage1 & ) a high & ris+ /&>d ( com=t
 & circumspection x is unlikely t !     
bir?-rate w ev] rise v greatly aga94 ,! 
,utopians w hold t if y keep ! *ildr5 f 
pr(itable employm5t = ! sake ( ! future1
 !n1 if y want any b ! exceptionally    
ri*1 secure1 pi\s1 unselfi%1 or reckless
 to be> *ildr5 freely1 y mu/ be prep>$  
to ?r[ ! co/ ( _! ma9t5ance ^u ! g5]al  
community4  ,9 %ort1 ,utopia w hold t   
s\nd *ildbe>+ & re>+ is a s]vice done1 n
 to a p>ticul> man1 b to ! :ole         
community1 & all its legal arrangem5ts =
 mo!rhood w be bas$ on t conception4    
,section #d  ,& aft] ^! prelim9>ies we  
mu/ proce$ to ask1 fir/1 :at w be !     
,utopian m>riage law1 & !n :at sort (   
cu/oms & op9ions are likely to be       
sup]add$ to t law8  ,! tr5d ( our       
reason+ has br\ght u to ! conclusion t !
 ,utopian ,/ate w feel ju/ifi$ 9 int]v5+
 betwe5 m5 & wom5 on two acc\nts1 fir/  
on acc\nt ( pat]nity1 & secondly on     

acc\nt ( ! cla% ( fre$oms t may o!rwise 
arise4 ,! ,utopian ,/ate w effectually  
int]f]e ) & prescribe conditions = all  
sorts ( contract1 & = ?is sort (        
contract 9 p>ticul> x w be 9 agreem5t ) 
almo/ e e>?ly ,/ate1 9 def9+ 9 !        
complete/ fa%ion :at ?+s a man or woman 
may be b\nd to d1 & :at !y _c be b\nd to
 d4 ,f ! po9t ( view ( a /atesman1      
m>riage is ! union ( a man & woman 9 a  
mann] s intimate z to involve !         
probability ( (fspr+1 & x is ( prim>y   
importance to ! ,/ate1 fir/ 9 ord] to   
secure good bir?s1 & secondly good home 
conditions1 t ^! unions %\ld n be free1 
nor promiscu\s1 nor practically univ]sal
 ?r\gh\t ! adult population4  ,prolific 
m>riage mu/ be a pr(itable privilege4 ,x
 mu/ occur only "u c]ta9 obvi\s         
conditions1 ! contract+ p>ties mu/ be 9 
heal? & condition1 free f specific      
transmissible ta9ts1 above a c]ta9      
m9imum age1 & suffici5tly intellig5t &  
en]getic to h acquir$ a m9imum          
education4 ,! man at lea/ mu/ be 9      

receipt ( a net income above ! m9imum   
wage1 aft] any out/&+ *>ges aga9/ him h 
be5 paid4 ,all ?is mu* x is surely      
reasonable to insi/ ^u be=e ! ,/ate     
becomes responsible = ! prospective     
*ildr54 ,! age at :i* m5 & wom5 may     
contract to m>ry is difficult to        
det]m9e4 ,b if we are1 z f> z possible1 
to put wom5 on an equality ) m51 if we  
are to insi/ ^u a univ]sally educat$    
population1 & if we are seek+ to r$uce !
 infantile dea?-rate to z]o1 x mu/ be   
mu* high] ?an x is 9 any t]re/rial      
,/ate4 ,! woman %\ld be at lea/         
"o-&-tw5ty2 ! man tw5ty-six or          
tw5ty-sev54  ,"o imag9es ! p>ties to a  
project$ m>riage fir/ obta9+ lic5ses :i*
 w te/ify t ^! conditions are satisfi$4 
,f ! po9t ( view ( ! !oretical ,utopian 
,/ate1 ^! lic5ses are ! feature ( prim>y
 importance4 ,!n1 no d\bt1 t univ]sal   
regi/] at ,p>is w\ld come into play4 ,z 
a matt] ( ju/ice1 !re mu/ be no         
deception betwe5 ! two p1 & ! ,/ate w   
ensure t 9 c]ta9 broad ess5tials ?is is 

s4 ,!y w\ld h to communicate _! jo9t    
int5tion to a public (fice aft] _!      
p]sonal lic5ses 7 grant$1 & ea* w\ld be 
suppli$ ) a copy ( ! index c>d ( !      
project$ mate1 on :i* w\ld be record$ 8 
or h] age1 previ\s m>riages1 legally    
important diseases1 (fspr+1 domiciles1  
public appo9tm5ts1 crim9al convictions1 
regi/]$ assignm5ts ( prop]ty1 & s =?4   
,possibly x might be advisable to h a   
little c]emony = ea* p>ty1 = ea* 9 !    
abs5ce ( ! o!r1 9 :i* ?is record c\ld be
 read ov] 9 ! pres5ce ( witnesses1      
toge!r ) "s prescrib$ =m ( address (    
c\nsel 9 ! matt]4 ,!re w\ld !n be a     
reasonable int]val = consid]ation &     
)drawal on ! "p ( ei!r sp\se4 ,9 ! ev5t 
( ! two p p]si/+ 9 _! resolution1 !y    
w\ld aft] ?is m9imum int]val signify z  
mu* to ! local (ficial & ! necess>y     
entry w\ld be made 9 ! regi/]s4 ,^!     
=malities w\ld be q indep5d5t ( any     
religi\s c]emonial ! contract+ p>ties   
might *oose1 = ) religi\s belief &      
proc$ure ! mod]n ,/ate has no conc]n4   

,s mu* = ! prelim9>y conditions (       
matrimony4 ,= ^? m5 & wom5 :o *ose to   
ignore ^! conditions & to a*ieve any    
sort ( union !y lik$ ! ,/ate w\ld h no  
conc]n1 unless (fspr+ 7 born            
illegitimately4 ,9 t case1 z we h       
already sugge/$1 x w\ld be only         
reasonable to make ! p>5ts *>geable ) e 
duty1 ) ma9t5ance1 education1 & s =?1 t 
9 ! normal c\rse ( ?+s w\ld fall to !   
,/ate4 ,x w\ld be necess>y to impose a  
life assurance paym5t ^u ^! p>5ts1 & to 
exact effectual gu>antees aga9/ e       
possible evasion ( ! responsibility !y  
_h incurr$4 ,b ! fur!r control ( private
 morality1 beyond ! protection ( !      
immature f corruption & evil example1 w 
be no conc]n ( ! ,/ate's4 ,:5 a *ild    
comes 91 ! future ( ! species comes 92 &
 ! ,/ate comes 9 z ! gu>dian ( int]e/s  
wid] ?an ! individual's2 b ! adult's    
private life is ! entirely private life 
into :i* ! ,/ate may n intrude4  ,n[ :at
 w be ! nature ( ! ,utopian contract (  
matrimony8  ,f ! fir/ ( ! two po9ts (   

view nam$ above1 t ( p>5tage1 x is      
obvi\s t "o unavoidable condition w be !
 *a/ity ( ! wife4 ,h] infidelity be+    
demon/rat$1 mu/ at once t]m9ate !       
m>riage & release bo? h] husb& & ! ,/ate
 f any liability = ! support ( h]       
illegitimate (fspr+4 ,t1 at any rate1 is
 beyond controv]sy2 a m>riage contract t
 does n involve t1 is a triumph (       
metaphysics ov] common s5se4 ,x w be    
obvi\s t "u ,utopian conditions x is !  
,/ate t w suff] injury by a wife's      
misconduct1 & t a husb& :o condones     
any?+ ( ! sort w p>ticipate 9 h] (f5ce4 
,a woman1 !re=e1 :o is divorc$ on ?is   
acc\nt w be divorc$ z a public (f5d]1 & 
n 9 ! key ( a p]sonal qu>rel2 n z "o :o 
has inflict$ a private & p]sonal wrong4 
,?is1 too1 lies )9 ! prim>y implications
 ( m>riage4  ,beyond t1 :at conditions  
%\ld a m>riage contract 9 ,utopia       
involve8  ,a reciprocal re/ra9t on ! "p 
( ! husb& is cle>ly ( no importance     
:atev]1 s f> z ! fir/ end ( matrimony   
goes1 ! protection ( ! community f      

inf]ior bir?s4 ,x is no wrong to !      
,/ate4 ,b x does c>ry ) x a v>iable     
am\nt ( emotional (f5ce to ! wife2 x may
 w\nd h] pride & cause h] viol5t        
p]turbations ( jeal\sy2 x may lead to h]
 neglect1 h] solitude & unhapp9ess1 & x 
may ev5 "w to h] physical injury4 ,!re  
%\ld be an implication t x is n to      
occur4 ,%e has b\nd h]self to ! man = ! 
good ( ! ,/ate1 & cle>ly x is reasonable
 t %e %\ld look to ! ,/ate = relief if x
 does occur4 ,! ext5t ( ! (f5ce giv5 h] 
is ! exact measure ( h] injury2 if %e   
does n m9d nobody m9ds1 & if h]         
self-respect does n suff] no?+ :atev] is
 lo/ to ! _w2 & s x %\ld re/ ) h] to    
e/abli% 8 misconduct1 &1 if %e ?9ks fit1
 to t]m9ate ! m>riage4  ,a failure on   
ei!r side to p]=m ! elem5t>y duties (   
companion%ip1 des]tion1 = example1 %\ld 
obvi\sly give ! o!r mate ! "r to relief1
 & cle>ly ! developm5t ( any disqualify+
 habit1 drunk5ness1 or drug-tak+1 or !  
l1 or any s]i\s crime or acts ( viol5ce1
 %\ld give gr\nds = a f9al release4     

,moreov]1 ! mod]n ,utopian ,/ate        
int]v5es betwe5 ! sexes only because ( !
 com+ g5]ation1 & = x to su/a9          
re/rictions ^u conduct 9 a cont9ually   
fruitless m>riage is obvi\sly to lapse  
into purely moral int]v5tion4 ,x seems  
reasonable1 !re=e1 to set a t]m to a    
m>riage t rema9s *ildless1 to let x     
expire at ! end ( ?ree or f\r or five   
unfruitful ye>s1 b ) no re/riction ^u ! 
"r ( ! husb& & wife to m>ry ea* o!r     
aga94  ,^! are ! fairly easy prim>ies ( 
?is "q4 ,we n[ come to ! m difficult    
issues ( ! matt]4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is ! "q (
 ! economic relation%ips ( husb& & wife1
 hav+ reg>d to ! fact t ev5 9 ,utopia   
wom51 at lea/ until !y become mo!rs1 are
 likely to be on ! av]age poor] ?an m54 
,! second is ! "q ( ! duration ( a      
m>riage4 ,b ! two int]lock1 & are1      
p]haps1 be/ treat$ toge!r 9 "o common   
section4 ,& !y bo? ramify 9 ! mo/       
complicat$ mann] into ! consid]ation ( !
 g5]al morale ( ! community4   ,section 
#e  ,?is "q ( m>riage is ! mo/          

complicat$ & difficult 9 ! :ole range ( 
,utopian problems4 ,b x is happily n !  
mo/ urg5t necessity t x %\ld be         
absolutely solv$4 ,! urg5t & necess>y   
problem is ! rul]4 ,) rul]s rightly     
contriv$ & a provisional defective      
m>riage law a ,utopia may be conceiv$ z 
exi/+ & /udy+ to p]fect itself1 b )\t   
rul]s a ,utopia is impossible ?\gh !    
!ory ( its matrimony be complete4 ,& !  
difficulty 9 ?is "q is n simply !       
difficulty ( a complicat$ *ess problem1 
= example1 9 :i* ! :ole tangle (        
consid]ations does at lea/ lie 9 "o     
plane1 b a s]ies ( problems ^u diff]5t  
levels & conta9+ incomm5surable factors4
  ,x is v easy to repeat our initial    
propositions1 to recall t we are on     
ano!r planet1 & t all ! cu/oms &        
traditions ( ! e>? are set aside1 b !   
fa9te/ realisation ( t dem&s a feat (   
psy*ological insight4 ,we h all gr[n up 
into an inv9cible m\ld ( sugge/ion ab\t 
sexual ?+s2 we reg>d ?is ) approval1 t )
 horror1 & ?is aga9 ) contempt1 v l>gely

 because ! ?+ has always be5 put to u 9 
?is light or t4 ,! m emancipat$ we ?9k  
ourselves ! m subtle are our bonds4 ,!  
dis5tanglem5t ( :at is inh]5t 9 ^!      
feel+s f :at is acquir$ is an           
extraord9>y complex und]tak+4 ,probably 
all m5 & wom5 h a m or less p[]ful      
disposition to jeal\sy1 b :at exactly !y
 w be jeal\s ab\t & :at exactly !y w    
suff] seems "p ( ! sup]pos$ factor4     
,probably all m5 & wom5 are capable (   
ideal emotions & wi%es beyond m]ely     
physical desires1 b ! %ape ^! take are  
almo/ entirely a reaction to ext]nal    
images4 ,& y really _c /rip ! ext]nal   
(f2 y _c get y\r />k natural man1       
jeal\s1 b n jeal\s ab\t any?+ 9         
p>ticul>1 imag9ative )\t any imag9+s1   
pr\d at l>ge4 ,emotional dispositions c 
no m exi/ )\t =m ?an a man )\t air4     
,only a v obs]vant man :o _h liv$ all   
ov] ! planet ,e>?1 9 all sorts ( social 
/rata1 & ) e race & tongue1 & :o 0 end[$
 ) great imag9ative insight1 c\ld hope  
to und]/& ! possibilities & !           

limitations ( human pla/icity 9 ?is     
matt]1 & say :at any m5 & any wom5 c\ld 
be induc$ to d will+ly1 & j exactly :at 
no man & no woman c\ld /&1 provid$ "o _h
 ! tra9+ ( !m4 ,?\gh v "y m5 w tell y   
readily en\gh4 ,! proce$+s ( o!r races &
 o!r ages d n seem to c>ry conviction2  
:at our ance/ors did1 or :at ! ,greeks  
or ,egyptians did1 ?\gh x is ! direct   
physical cause ( ! mod]n "y man or !    
mod]n "y lady1 is apt to impress ^!     
rem>kable consequ5ces m]ely z an        
arrangem5t ( qua9t1 comical or repulsive
 proce$+s4  ,b !re em]ges to ! mod]n    
inquir] c]ta9 ideals & desid]ata t at   
lea/ g "s way t[>ds complet+ & exp&+ !  
crude prim>ies ( a ,utopian m>riage law 
set out 9 section #d4  ,! s\nd bir? be+ 
assur$1 does !re exi/ any valid reason =
 ! p]si/5ce ( ! ,utopian m>riage union8 
,!re are two l9es ( reason+ t g to      
e/abli% a long] duration = m>riage4 ,!  
fir/ ( ^! re/s ^u ! g5]al necessity = a 
home & = individual att5tion 9 ! case ( 
*ildr54 ,*ildr5 are ! results ( a *oice 

betwe5 individuals2 !y gr[ well1 z a    
rule1 only 9 relation to sympa!tic &    
k9dr$ individualities1 & no :olesale    
"*-ignor+ me?od ( deal+ ) !m has ev] _h 
a %ad[ ( ! success ( ! individualis$    
home4 ,nei!r ,plato nor ,socrates1 :o   
repudiat$ ! home1 seems ev] to h _h to d
 ) any?+ y\ng] ?an a "y man4            
,procreation is only ! beg9n+ ( p>5tage1
 & ev5 :]e ! "m is n ! direct nurse &   
tea*] ( h] *ild1 ev5 :]e %e delegates ^!
 duties1 h] sup]vision is1 9 ! common   
case1 ess5tial to its welf>e4 ,moreov]1 
?\gh ! ,utopian ,/ate w pay ! "m1 & ! "m
 only1 = ! be+ & welf>e ( h] legitimate 
*ildr51 !re w be a cle> advantage 9     
fo/]+ ! natural disposition ( ! fa!r to 
associate 8 *ild's welf>e ) 8 individual
 egotism1 & to disp5se "s ( 8 en]gies & 
e>n+s 9 supplem5t+ ! common provision ( 
! ,/ate4 ,x is an absurd disreg>d ( a   
natural economy to leave ! innate       
philoprog5itiv5ess ( ei!r sex           
uncultivat$4 ,unless ! p>5ts cont9ue 9  
close relation%ip1 if ea* is pass+ ?r\gh

 a s]ies ( m>riages1 ! dang]s ( a       
conflict ( rights1 & ( ! fritt]+ away ( 
emotions1 become v grave4 ,! family w   
lose homog5eity1 & its individuals w h =
 ! "m v>i$ & p]haps incompatible        
emotional associations4 ,! balance (    
social advantage is c]ta9ly on ! side ( 
mu* m p]man5t unions1 on ! side ( an    
arrangem5t t1 subject to ample          
provisions = a =mal divorce )\t disgrace
 9 cases ( incompatibility1 w\ld b9d1 or
 at lea/ en=ce ideals t w\ld t5d to b9d1
 a man & woman toge!r = ! :ole t]m ( h] 
mat]nal activity1 until1 t is1 ! la/    
born ( h] *ildr5 0 no long] 9 ne$ ( h]  
help4  ,! second sy/em ( consid]ations  
arises out ( ! artificiality ( woman's  
position4 ,x is a less conclusive s]ies 
?an ! fir/1 & x op5s a numb] ( int]e/+  
side vi/as4  ,a great deal ( nons5se is 
talk$ ab\t ! natural equality or        
inf]iority ( wom5 to m54 ,b x is only ! 
same quality t c be measur$ by degrees &
 rang$ 9 asc5d+ & desc5d+ s]ies1 & ! ?+s
 t are ess5tially fem99e are diff]5t    

qualitatively f & incomm5surable ) !    
di/9ctly mascul9e ?+s4 ,! relation%ip is
 9 ! region ( ideals & conv5tions1 & a  
,/ate is p]fectly free to det]m9e t m5 &
 wom5 %all come to int]c\rse on a foot+ 
( conv5tional equality or ) ei!r ! man  
or woman treat$ z ! pr$om9at+           
individual4 ,ari/otle's criticism (     
,plato 9 ?is matt]1 8 insi/5ce ^u !     
natural inf]iority ( slaves & wom51 is j
 ! sort ( confusion betwe5 inh]5t &     
impos$ qualities t 0 8 mo/ *>act]i/ic   
weakness4 ,! _s ( ! ,european p1 ( almo/
 all ! peoples n[ 9 ! asc5dant1 is t[>ds
 a conv5tion ( equality2 ! _s ( !       
,mahometan _w is t[>ds ! int5sification 
( a conv5tion t ! man alone is a citiz5 
& t ! woman is v l>gely 8 prop]ty4 ,!re 
c be no d\bt t ! latt] ( ^! two conv5i5t
 fictions is ! m primitive way ( reg>d+ 
?is relation%ip4 ,x is q unfruitful to  
argue betwe5 ^! ideals z if !re 7 a     
demon/rable conclusion1 ! adoption (    
ei!r is an arbitr>y act1 & we %all      
simply foll[ our age & "t if we display 

a c]ta9 bias = ! =m]4  ,if "o looks     
closely into ! v>i\s practical          
expansions ( ^! ideas1 we f9d _! inh]5t 
falsity works itself out 9 a v natural  
way s soon z reality is t\*$4 ,^? :o    
insi/ ^u equality "w 9 effect =         
assimilation1 = a simil> treatm5t ( !   
sexes4 ,plato's wom5 ( ! gov]n+ class1 =
 example1 7 to /rip = gymna/ics l m51 to
 be> arms & g to w>1 & foll[ mo/ ( !    
mascul9e occupations ( _! class4 ,!y 7  
to h ! same education & to be assimilat$
 to m5 at e d\btful po9t4 ,!            
,ari/otelian attitude1 on ! o!r h&1     
insi/s ^u specialisation4 ,! m5 are to  
rule & fight & toil2 ! wom5 are to      
support mo!rhood 9 a /ate ( natural     
inf]iority4 ,! tr5d ( evolution>y =ces  
?r\gh long c5turies ( human developm5t  
has be5 on ! :ole 9 ?is second          
direction1 has be5 t[>ds diff]5tiation4 
,footnote3 ,see ,havelock ,ellis's ,man 
& ,woman4 ,an adult :ite woman diff]s f>
 m f a :ite man ?an a negress or pigmy  
woman f h] equival5t male4 ,! education1

 ! m5tal disposition1 ( a :ite or       
,asiatic woman1 reeks ( sex2 h] mode/y1 
h] decorum is n to ignore sex b to ref9e
 & put a po9t to x2 h] co/ume is        
clamor\s ) ! di/9ctive elem5ts ( h] =m4 
,! :ite woman 9 ! mat]ially prosp]\s    
nations is m ( a sexual speciali/ ?an h]
 si/] ( ! poor & au/]e peoples1 ( !     
prosp]\s classes m s ?an ! peasant      
woman4 ,! contempor>y woman ( fa%ion :o 
sets ! tone ( occid5tal int]c\rse is a  
/imulant r ?an a companion = a man4 ,too
 commonly %e is an un:olesome /imulant  
turn+ a man f wisdom to appe>ance1 f    
beauty to beautiful pleasures1 f =m to  
col\r1 f p]si/5t aims to belief & /irr+ 
triumphs4 ,array$ 9 :at %e calls        
di/9ctly dress1 sc5t$1 adorn$1 display$1
 %e a*ieves by artifice a sexual        
diff]5tiation pr(\nd] ?an t ( any o!r   
v]tebrat$ animal4 ,%e out%9es !         
peacock's excess above 8 mate1 "o mu/   
probe among ! dome/ic secrets ( !       
insects & cru/acea to f9d h] liv+       
p>allel4 ,& x is a "q by no means easy &

 yet ( ! utmo/ importance1 to det]m9e h[
 f> ! wide & wid5+ diff]5ces betwe5 !   
human sexes is inh]5t & inevitable1 & h[
 f> x is an accid5t ( social developm5t 
t may be conv]t$ & r$uc$ "u a diff]5t   
social regim54 ,are we go+ to recognise 
& acc5tuate ?is diff]5ce & to arrange   
our ,utopian organisation to play ^u x1 
are we to h two prim>y classes ( human  
be+1 h>monis+ inde$ & react+1 b foll[+  
ess5tially diff]5t lives1 or are we go+ 
to m9imise ?is diff]5ce 9 e possible    
way8  ,! =m] alt]native leads ei!r to a 
romantic organisation ( society 9 :i* m5
 w live & fight & die = wond]ful1       
beautiful1 exagg]at$ creatures1 or x    
leads to ! h>eem4 ,x w\ld probably lead 
?r\gh "o phase to ! o!r4 ,wom5 w\ld be  
enigmas & my/]ies & mat]nal dignit>ies t
 "o w\ld approa* 9 a /ate ( emotional   
excitem5t & seclude pi\sly :5 s]i\s "w 0
 9 h&4 ,a girl w\ld blossom f ! totally 
negligible to ! my/ically desirable at  
adolesc5ce1 & boys w\ld be remov$ f _!  
"m's educational influ5ce at z e>ly an  

age z possible4 ,:5ev] m5 & wom5 met    
toge!r1 ! m5 w\ld be 9 a /ate ( inflam$ 
competition t[>ds "o ano!r1 & ! wom5    
likewise1 & ! int]c\rse ( ideas w\ld be 
9 susp5se4 ,"u ! latt] alt]native !     
sexual relation w\ld be subord9at$ to   
fri5d%ip & companion%ip2 boys & girls   
w\ld be co-educat$--v l>gely "u mat]nal 
direction1 & wom51 dis>m$ ( _! di/9ctive
 b>b>ic adornm5ts1 ! fea!rs1 beads1     
lace1 & trimm+s t enhance _! clamor\s   
claim to a directly p]sonal att5tion    
w\ld m+le1 accord+ to _! quality1 9 !   
c\nsels & intellectual developm5t ( m54 
,su* wom5 w\ld be fit to educate boys   
ev5 up to adolesc5ce4 ,x is obvi\s t a  
m>riage law embody+ a decision betwe5 ^!
 two sets ( ideas w\ld be v diff]5t     
accord+ to ! alt]native adopt$4 ,9 ! =m]
 case a man w\ld be expect$ to e>n &    
ma9ta9 9 an adequate mann] ! de> delight
 t _h fav\r$ him4 ,he w\ld tell h]      
beautiful lies ab\t h] wond]ful moral   
effect ^u him1 & keep h] s$ul\sly f all 
responsibility & k4 ,&1 s9ce !re is an  

und5iably great] imag9ative appeal to m5
 9 ! fir/ bloom ( a woman's y\?1 %e w\ld
 h a di/9ct claim ^u 8 en]gies = ! re/ (
 h] life4 ,9 ! latt] case a man w\ld no 
m pay = & support 8 wife ?an %e w\ld d s
 = him4 ,!y w\ld be two fri5ds1 diff]+ 9
 k9d no d\bt b diff]+ reciprocally1 :o  
_h l9k$ !mselves 9 a matrimonial        
relation%ip4 ,our ,utopian m>riage s f> 
z we h discuss$ x1 is indet]m9ate betwe5
 ^! alt]natives4  ,we h laid x d[n z a  
g5]al pr9ciple t ! private morals ( an  
adult citiz5 are no conc]n = ! ,/ate4 ,b
 t involves a decision to disreg>d c]ta9
 types ( b>ga94 ,a sanely contriv$ ,/ate
 w refuse to su/a9 b>ga9s :]e9 !re is no
 plausibly fair ex*ange1 & if private   
morality is really to be outside ! scope
 ( ! ,/ate !n ! affections & ende>m5ts  
mo/ c]ta9ly mu/ n be reg>d$ z negotiable
 commodities4 ,! ,/ate1 !re=e1 w        
absolutely ignore ! di/ribution ( ^!    
fav\rs unless *ildr51 or at lea/ !      
possibility ( *ildr51 is involv$4 ,x    
foll[s t x w refuse to recognise any    

debts or transf]s ( prop]ty t are bas$  
on su* consid]ations4 ,x w be only      
consi/5t1 !re=e1 to refuse recognition 9
 ! m>riage contract to any f9ancial     
obligation betwe5 husb& & wife1 or any  
settlem5ts qualify+ t contract1 except  
:5 !y are 9 ! nature ( accessory        
provision = ! prospective *ildr54       
,footnote3 ,unqualifi$ gifts = love by  
solv5t p w1 ( c\rse1 be q possible &    
p]missible1 unsal>i$ s]vices & ! l1     
provid$ ! /&>d ( life is ma9ta9$ & !    
jo9t income ( ! c\ple betwe5 :om !      
s]vices hold does n s9k bel[ twice !    
m9imum wage4 ,s f> ! ,utopian ,/ate w   
?r[ its weight ^u ! side ( ^? :o        
advocate ! indep5d5ce ( wom5 & _!       
conv5tional equality ) m54  ,b to any   
fur!r def9ition ( ! m>riage relation !  
,_w ,/ate ( ,utopia w n commit itself4  
,! wide range ( relation%ips t are left 
possible1 )9 & )\t ! m>riage code1 are  
entirely a matt] = ! individual *oice & 
imag9ation4 ,:e!r a man treat 8 wife 9  
private z a goddess to be propitiat$1 z 

a my/]y to be ador$1 z an agreeable     
auxili>y1 z a p>ticul>ly intimate fri5d1
 or z ! :olesome "m ( 8 *ildr51 is      
entirely a matt] = _! private int]c\rse3
 :e!r he keep h] 9 ,ori5tal idl5ess or  
active co-op]ation1 or leave h] to live 
h] indep5d5t life1 re/s ) ! c\ple alone1
 & all ! possible fri5d%ip & intimacies 
outside m>riage also lie q beyond !     
organisation ( ! mod]n ,/ate4 ,religi\s 
tea*+ & lit]ature may affect ^!2 cu/oms 
may arise2 c]ta9 types ( relation%ip may
 involve social isolation2 ! ju/ice ( ! 
/atesman is bl9d to su* ?+s4 ,x may be  
urg$ t accord+ to ,atk9son's illum9at+  
analysis ,footnote3 ,see ,lang &        
,atk9son's ,social ,orig9s & ,primal    
,law4 ! control ( love-mak+ 0 ! v orig9 
( ! human community4 ,9 ,utopia1        
nev]!less1 love-mak+ is no conc]n ( !   
,/ate's beyond ! prov9ce t ! protection 
( *ildr5 cov]s4 ,footnote3 ,x _c be made
 too cle> t ?\gh ! control ( morality is
 outside ! law ! ,/ate mu/ ma9ta9 a     
g5]al decorum1 a sy/ematic suppression (

 p[]ful & mov+ examples1 & ( incitations
 & temptations ( ! "y & inexp]i5c$1 & to
 t ext5t x w1 ( c\rse1 9 a s5se1 ex]cise
 a control ov] morals4 ,b ?is w be only 
"p ( a wid] law to safegu>d ! t5d] m9d4 
,= example1 ly+ adv]tisem5ts1 & ! l1 :5 
!y lean t[>ds adolesc5t int]e/s1 w      
enc\nt] a specially disagreeable        
disposition 9 ! law1 ov] & above !      
treatm5t ( _! g5]al di%one/y4 ,*ange (  
function is "o ( ! rul+ facts 9 life1 ! 
sac t 0 9 our remote/ ance/ors a swimm+ 
bladd] is n[ a lung1 & ! ,/ate :i* 0    
once1 p]haps1 no m ?an ! jeal\s &       
tyrann\s w ( ! /ronge/ male 9 ! h]d1 !  
in/rum5t ( ju/ice & equality4 ,! ,/ate  
int]v5es n[ only :]e !re is want (      
h>mony betwe5 individuals--individuals  
:o exi/ or :o may pres5tly come into    
exi/5ce4   ,section #f  ,x mu/ be       
reit]at$ t our reason+ /ill leaves      
,utopian m>riage an in/itution ) wide   
possibilities ( v>iation4 ,we h tri$ to 
give effect to ! ideal ( a virtual      
equality1 an equality ( _s betwe5 m5 &  

wom51 & 9 do+ s we h ov]ridd5 ! accept$ 
op9ion ( ! great majority ( mank9d4     
,probably ! fir/ writ] to d z mu* 0     
,plato4 ,8 argum5t 9 support ( ?is      
innovation ^u natural human feel+ 0 ?9  
en\gh--a m]e analogy to illu/rate ! _s (
 8 propositions2 x 0 8 creative in/9ct t
 det]m9$ him4 ,9 ! atmosph]e ( su*      
speculations z ?is1 ,plato looms v l>ge 
inde$1 & 9 view ( :at we owe to him1 x  
seems reasonable t we %\ld hesitate be=e
 dismiss+ z a ?+ prohibit$ & evil1 a    
type ( m>riage t he made almo/ ! c5tral 
feature 9 ! organisation ( ! rul+ class1
 at lea/1 ( 8 ideal ,/ate4 ,he 0 p]suad$
 t ! n>r[ monogamic family is apt to    
become illib]al & anti-social1 to )draw 
! imag9ation & en]gies ( ! citiz5 f !   
s]vices ( ! community z a :ole1 & !     
,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* has s f> endors$ &
 sub/antiat$ 8 op9ion z to =bid family  
relations to its prie/s & significant   
s]vants4 ,he conceiv$ ( a poetic        
devotion to ! public idea1 a devotion ( 
:i* ! m9d ( ,ari/otle1 z 8 criticisms ( 

,plato %[1 0 incapable1 z a sub/itute = 
! w>m & t5d] b illib]al emotions ( !    
home4 ,b :ile ! ,*ur* made ! alt]native 
to family ties celibacy ,footnote3 ,!   
w>m imag9ation ( ,campanella1 t qua9t   
,calabrian mona/ic1 fir$ by ,plato1     
rev]s$ ?is aspect ( ! ,*ur*4 &          
p>ticipation 9 an organisation1 ,plato 0
 f> m 9 accordance ) mod]n ideas 9      
p]ceiv+ ! disadvantage t w\ld result f  
preclud+ ! nobl] types ( "* f (fspr+4   
,he s\ght a way to a*ieve prog5y1 !re=e1
 )\t ! n>r[ conc5tration ( ! sympa?ies  
ab\t ! home1 & he f\nd x 9 a multiple   
m>riage 9 :i* e memb] ( ! gov]n+ class 0
 consid]$ to be m>ri$ to all ! o!rs4 ,b 
! detail$ op]ation ( ?is sy/em he put   
t5tatively & v obscurely4 ,8 sugge/ions 
h ! exp]im5tal inconsi/5cy ( an enquir+ 
man4 ,he left _m ?+s altoge!r op51 & x  
is unfair to him to adopt ,ari/otle's   
=5sic me?od & deal ) 8 discussion z ?\gh
 x 0 a fully-work$-out project4 ,x is   
cle> t ,plato int5d$ e memb] ( 8 gov]n+ 
class to be s *ang$ at bir? z to leave  

pat]nity untraceable2 mo!rs 7 n to "k _!
 *ildr51 nor *ildr5 _! p>5ts1 b !re is  
no?+ to =bid ! supposition t he int5d$  
^! p to select & adh]e to cong5ial mates
 )9 ! great family4 ,ari/otle's ass]tion
 t ! ,platonic republic left no scope = 
! virtue ( cont95ce %[s t he _h jump$ to
 j ! same conclusions a contempor>y     
,london err& boy1 hov]+ a little        
%amefac$ly ov] ,j[ett 9 a public libr>y1
 might be expect$ to rea*4  ,ari/otle   
obscures ,plato's int5tion1 x may be    
accid5tally1 by speak+ ( 8 m>riage      
in/itution z a community ( wives4 ,:5   
read+ ,plato he c\ld n or w\ld n escape 
read+ 9 8 own conception ( ! natural    
asc5d5cy ( m51 8 idea ( prop]ty 9 wom5 &
 *ildr54 ,b z ,plato int5d$ wom5 to be  
conv5tionally equal to m51 ?is phrase   
belies him altoge!r2 community ( husb&s 
& wives w\ld be tru] to 8 proposal4     
,ari/otle condemns ,plato z r\ndly z any
 comm]cial room w\ld condemn him to-day1
 & 9 mu* ! same _s2 he ass]ts r ?an     
proves t su* a gr\p+ is aga9/ ! nature (

 man4 ,he want$ to h wom5 prop]ty j z he
 want$ to h slaves prop]ty1 he did n c>e
 to ask :y1 & x di/ress$ 8 conception ( 
conv5i5ce extremely to imag9e any o!r   
arrangem5t4 ,x is no d\bt true t !      
natural in/9ct ( ei!r sex is exclusive (
 p>ticipators 9 intimacy dur+ a p]iod ( 
intimacy1 b x 0 probably ,ari/otle :o   
gave ,plato an (f5sive int]pretation 9  
?is matt]4 ,no "o w\ld freely submit to 
su* a condition ( affairs z multiple    
m>riage c>ri$ out1 9 ! _s ( !           
,ari/otelian int]pretation1 to an obsc5e
 complet5ess1 b t is all ! m reason :y !
 mod]n ,utopia %\ld n refuse a gr\p$    
m>riage to ?ree or m freely cons5t+     
p]sons4 ,!re is no s5se 9 prohibit+     
in/itutions :i* no sane p c\ld ev] want 
to abuse4 ,x is claim$--?\gh ! full     
facts are difficult to asc]ta9--t a gr\p
 m>riage ( ov] two hundr$ p]sons 0      
successfully organis$ by ,john ,humphrey
 ,noyes at ,oneida ,creek4 ,footnote3   
,see ,john ,h4 ,noyes's ,hi/ory (       
,am]ican ,socialisms & 8 writ+s g5]ally4

 ,! b>e facts ( ?is & ! o!r ,am]ican    
exp]im5ts are giv51 toge!r ) m rec5t    
matt]1 by ,morris ,hillquirt1 9 ,!      
,hi/ory ( ,socialism 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 
,x is fairly c]ta9 9 ! latt] case t !re 
0 no promiscuity1 & t ! memb]s mat$ =   
v>iable p]iods1 & (t5 = life1 )9 ! gr\p4
 ,! docum5ts are reasonably cle> ^u t   
po9t4 ,?is ,oneida community 01 9 fact1 
a league ( two hundr$ p]sons to reg>d _!
 *ildr5 z common4 ,*oice & pref]5ce 7 n 
aboli%$ 9 ! community1 ?\gh 9 "s cases  
!y 7 set aside--j z !y are by _m p>5ts  
"u our pres5t conditions4 ,!re seems to 
h be5 a premature attempt at            
/irpiculture1 at :at ,mr4 ,francis      
,galton n[ calls ,eug5ics1 9 ! mat+ ( ! 
memb]s1 & !re 0 also a limitation (     
(fspr+4 ,beyond ^! po9ts ! inn] secrets 
( ! community d n appe> to be v pr(\nd2 
its atmosph]e 0 almo/ commonplace1 x 0  
made up ( v ord9>y p4 ,!re is no d\bt t 
x _h a c>e] ( exceptional success       
?r\gh\t ! :ole lifetime ( its f\nd]1 & x
 broke d[n ) ! adv5t ( a new g5]ation1 )

 ! onset ( !ological diff]5ces1 & ! loss
 ( its guid+ intellig5ce4 ,!            
,anglo-,saxon _s1 x has be5 said by "o (
 ! able/ *ildr5 ( ! exp]im5t1 is too    
individuali/ic = communism4 ,x is       
possible to reg>d ! tempor>y success (  
?is complex family z a /range accid5t1 z
 ! wond]ful exploit ( :at 0 c]ta9ly a v 
exceptional man4 ,its f9al dis9tegration
 into frankly monogamic c\ples--x is    
/ill a prosp]\s bus9ess association--may
 be tak5 z an exp]im5tal v]ification (  
,ari/otle's common-s5se psy*ology1 & 0  
probably m]ely ! public ackn[l$gm5t (   
conditions already practically e/abli%$4
  ,out ( respect = ,plato we _c ignore  
?is possibility ( multiple m>riage      
altoge!r 9 our ,utopian !oris+1 b ev5 if
 we leave ?is possibility op5 we are    
/ill b\nd to reg>d x z a ?+ s likely to 
be r>e z n to come at all "u our direct 
obs]vation dur+ our ,utopian j\rney+s4  
,b 9 "o s5se1 ( c\rse1 9 ! s5se t !     
,/ate gu>antees c>e & support = all     
prop]ly born *ildr51 our entire ,utopia 

is to be reg>d$ z a compreh5sive m>riage
 gr\p4 ,footnote3 ,! ,!lema ( ,rabelais1
 ) its pr9ciple ( ,fay ce que v\ldras )9
 ! limits ( ! ord]1 is probably int5d$  
to sugge/ a ,platonic complex m>riage   
aft] ! fa%ion ( our int]pretation4  ,x  
mu/ be rememb]$ t a mod]n ,utopia mu/   
diff] f ! ,utopias ( any prec$+ age 9   
be+ _w-wide2 x is n1 !re=e1 to be !     
developm5t ( any special race or type ( 
culture1 z ,plato's develop$ an         
,a!nian-,sp>tan bl5d1 or ,m1 ,tudor     
,engl&4 ,! mod]n ,utopia is to be1 be=e 
all ?+s1 syn!tic4 ,politically &        
socially1 z l+ui/ically1 we mu/ suppose 
x a syn!sis2 politically x w be a       
syn!sis ( once widely diff]5t =ms (     
gov]nm5t2 socially & morally1 a syn!sis 
( a great v>iety ( dome/ic traditions & 
e?ical habits4 ,into ! mod]n ,utopia !re
 mu/ h ent]$ ! m5tal t5d5cies & orig9s t
 give our own _w ! polygamy ( ! ,zulus &
 ( ,utah1 ! poly&ry ( ,tibet1 !         
latitudes ( exp]im5t p]mitt$ 9 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates1 & ! divorceless w$lock ( ,comte4

 ,! t5d5cy ( all syn!tic processes 9    
matt]s ( law & cu/om is to r$uce &      
simplify ! compulsory canon1 to admit   
alt]natives & fre$oms2 :at 7 laws be=e  
become traditions ( feel+ & /yle1 & 9 no
 matt] w ?is be m app>5t ?an 9 que/ions 
affect+ ! relations ( ! sexes4          
,,*apt] ,,! ,,sev5?  ,a ,few ,utopian   
,impressions   ,section #a  ,b n[ we are
 9 a bett] position to describe ! h\ses 
& ways ( ! ,utopian t[n%ips ab\t ! ,lake
 ( ,luc]ne1 & to glance a little m ne>ly
 at ! p :o pass4 ,y figure u z curi\sly 
settl$ d[n 9 ,utopia1 z work+ = a l[    
wage at wood-c>v+1 until ! au?orities at
 ! c5tral regi/ry 9 ,p>is c solve !     
p]plex+ problem we h set !m4 ,we /ay 9  
an inn look+ out ^u ! lake1 & g to & fro
 = our five h\rs' "w a day1 ) a curi\s  
effect ( hav+ be5 born ,utopians4 ,! re/
 ( our "t is our own4  ,our inn is "o ( 
^? inns & lodg+ h\ses :i* h a m9imum    
t>iff1 inns :i* are p>tly regulat$1 &1 9
 ! default ( private ent]prise1 ma9ta9$ 
& controll$ by ! ,_w ,/ate ?r\gh\t !    

entire _w4 ,x is "o ( sev]al su*        
e/abli%m5ts 9 ,luc]ne4 ,x possesses _m  
hundr$s ( practically self-clean+ little
 b$rooms1 equipp$ v mu* aft] ! fa%ion ( 
! rooms we occupi$ 9 ! simil> b mu*     
small] inn at ,hosp5?al1 diff]+ only a  
little 9 ! decoration4 ,!re is ! same   
dress+-room recess ) its ba?1 ! same    
graceful proportion 9 ! succ9ct         
simplicity ( its furniture4 ,?is        
p>ticul> inn is a quadrangle aft] !     
fa%ion ( an ,ox=d college2 x is p]haps  
=ty feet high1 & ) ab\t five /ories (   
b$rooms above its l[] ap>tm5ts2 ! w9d[s 
( ! rooms look ei!r outw>d or inw>d to !
 quadrangle1 & ! doors give ^u          
artificially-lit passages ) /aircases   
pass+ up & d[n4 ,^! passages are c>pet$ 
) a sort ( cork c>pet1 b are o!rwise    
b>e4 ,! l[] /ory is occupi$ by !        
equival5t ( a ,london club1 kit*5s & o!r
 (fices1 d9+-room1 writ+-room1 smok+ &  
assembly rooms1 a b>b]'s %op1 & a       
libr>y4 ,a colonnade ) seats runs ab\t !
 quadrangle1 & 9 ! middle is a          

grass-plot4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ?is a bronze   
figure1 a sleep+ *ild1 reposes above a  
little bas9 & f\nta91 9 :i* wat] lilies 
are gr[+4 ,! place has be5 design$ by an
 ar*itect happily free f ! hamp]+       
traditions ( ,greek temple build+1 & (  
,roman & ,italian palaces2 x is simple1 
unaffect$1 graci\s4 ,! mat]ial is "s    
artificial /one ) ! dull surface &      
some?+ ( ! t9t ( yell[ ivory2 ! col\r is
 a little irregul>1 & a p>tial          
confession ( gird]s & pill>s breaks ?is 
front ( t5d] col\r ) l9es & m\ld+s (    
gre5i% gray1 t bl5d ) ! tones ( ! lead5 
gutt]s & ra9 pipes f ! light r$ ro(4 ,at
 "o po9t only does any explicit ef=t    
t[>ds arti/ic effect appe>1 & t is 9 !  
great ar*$ gateway opposite my w9d[4    
,two or ?ree abundant yell[ roses climb 
ov] ! face ( ! build+1 & :5 ,i look out 
( my w9d[ 9 ! e>ly morn+--= ! usual     
,utopian work+ day comm5ces )9 an h\r ( 
sunrise--,i see ,pilatus above ?is      
outlook1 rosy 9 ! morn+ sky4  ,?is      
quadrangle type ( build+ is ! preval5t  

elem5t 9 ,utopian ,luc]ne1 & "o may g f 
end to end ( ! t[n along corridors &    
cov]$ colonnades )\t em]g+ by a gateway 
into ! op5 roads at all4 ,small %ops are
 f\nd 9 ^! colonnades1 b ! l>g] /ores   
are usually h\s$ 9 build+s specially    
adapt$ to _! ne$s4 ,! majority ( !      
resid5tial edifices are f> f9] & m      
sub/antial ?an our own mode/ %elt]1 ?\gh
 we ga!r f su* *ance glimpses z we get (
 _! arrangem5ts t ! lab\r-sav+ ideal    
runs ?r\gh e grade ( ?is s]vantless _w2 
& :at we %\ld consid] a complete h\se 9 
e>?ly ,engl& is h>dly kn[n "h4  ,!      
autonomy ( ! h\sehold has be5 r$uc$ f>  
bel[ t]re/rial conditions by hotels &   
clubs1 & all sorts ( co-op]ative        
exp$i5ts4 ,p :o d n live 9 hotels seem  
usually to live 9 clubs4 ,! fairly      
prosp]\s ,utopian belongs1 9 mo/ cases1 
to "o or two resid5tial clubs ( cong5ial
 m5 & wom54 ,^! clubs usually possess 9 
addition to furni%$ b$rooms m or less   
elaborate suites ( ap>tm5ts1 & if a man 
pref]s x "o ( ^! latt] c be tak5 &      

furni%$ accord+ to 8 p]sonal ta/e4 ,a   
pleasant b\doir1 a private libr>y &     
/udy1 a private g>d5 plot1 are among !  
commone/ ( su* luxuries4 ,devices to    
secure ro( g>d5s1 loggias1 v]&ahs1 &    
su*-l op5-air privacies to ! m sumptu\s 
( ^! ap>tm5ts1 give int]e/ & v>iety to  
,utopian ar*itecture4 ,!re are sometimes
 little cook+ corn]s 9 ^! flats--z "o   
w\ld call !m on e>?--b ! ord9>y ,utopian
 w\ld no m ?9k ( a special private kit*5
 = 8 d9n]s ?an he w\ld ?9k ( a private  
fl\r mill or dairy f>m4 ,bus9ess1       
private "w1 & pr(essional practice g on 
sometimes 9 ! h\se ap>tm5ts1 b (t5 9    
special (fices 9 ! great w>r5 ( !       
bus9ess qu>t]4 ,a common g>d51 an infant
 s*ool1 play rooms1 & a play+ g>d5 =    
*ildr51 are univ]sal features ( ! club  
quadrangles4  ,two or ?ree ma9 roads )  
_! tramways1 _! cycli/s' pa?s1 & swift  
traffic pa?s1 w conv]ge on ! urban      
c5tre1 :]e ! public (fices w /& 9 a gr\p
 close to ! two or ?ree !atres & ! l>g] 
%ops1 & hi!r1 too1 9 ! case ( ,luc]ne1 !

 head ( ! swift railway to ,p>is &      
,engl& & ,scotl&1 & to ! ,rh9el& &      
,g]many w run4 ,& z "o walks out f ! t[n
 c5tre "o w come to t m+l+ ( home/eads &
 op5 c\ntry :i* w be ! common condition 
( all ! m habitable p>ts ( ! globe4  ,"h
 & !re1 no d\bt1 w /& q solit>y         
home/eads1 home/eads t w nev]!less be   
lit & w>m$ by cables f ! c5tral =ce     
/ation1 t w %>e ! common wat] supply1 w 
h _! p]fect$ telephonic connection ) !  
re/ ( ! _w1 ) doctor1 %op1 & s =?1 & may
 ev5 h a pneumatic tube = books & small 
p>cels to ! ne>e/ po/-(fice4 ,b !       
solit>y home/ead1 z a p]man5t resid5ce1 
w be some?+ ( a luxury--! resort ( r    
weal?y g>d5 lov]s2 & mo/ p ) a bias =   
retirem5t w probably get z mu*          
resid5tial solitude z !y c>e = 9 ! hire 
( a holiday *alet 9 a =e/1 by remote    
lagoons or high up ! m\nta9 side4  ,!   
solit>y h\se may inde$ prove to be v r>e
 inde$ 9 ,utopia4 ,! same =ces1 ! same  
facilitation ( communications t w       
diffuse ! t[ns w t5d to little          

conc5trations ( ! agricultural          
population ov] ! c\ntry side4 ,! field  
work]s w probably take _! food ) !m to  
_! "w dur+ ! day1 & = ! conv5i5ce ( an  
int]e/+ d9n] & ( civilis$ int]c\rse aft]
 ! work+ day is ov]1 !y w mo/ probably  
live 9 a college quadrangle ) a common  
room & club4 ,i d\bt if !re w be any    
agricultural lab\r]s draw+ wages 9      
,utopia4 ,i am incl9$ to imag9e f>m+    
done by t5ant associations1 by little   
democratic unlimit$ liability companies 
work+ "u elect$ manag]s1 & pay+ n a fix$
 r5t b a %>e ( ! produce to ! ,/ate4    
,su* companies c\ld recon/ruct annually 
to we$ out indol5t memb]s4 ,footnote3   
,s*emes = ! co-op]ative association (   
produc]s w be f\nd 9 ,dr4 ,h]tzka's     
,freel&4 ,a m9imum /&>d ( effici5cy 9   
f>m+ w\ld be insur$ by fix+ a m9imum    
b5ea? :i* ! r5t mu/ n fall1 & p]haps by 
inspection4 ,! g5]al laws respect+ !    
/&>d ( life w\ld1 ( c\rse1 apply to su* 
associations4 ,?is type ( co-op]ation   
pres5ts itself to me z socially ! be/   

arrangem5t = productive agriculture &   
horticulture1 b su* ent]prises z /ock   
bre$+1 se$ f>m+ & ! /ock+ & loan (      
agricultural implem5ts are probably1 &  
agricultural rese>* & exp]im5t c]ta9ly1 
be/ h&l$ directly by l>ge companies or !
 municipality or ! ,/ate4  ,b ,i %\ld d 
little to inve/igate ?is "q2 ^! are     
pres5t$ z q incid5tal impressions4 ,y   
mu/ suppose t = ! mo/ "p our walks &    
obs]vations keep u )9 ! m urban qu>t]s (
 ,luc]ne4 ,f a numb] ( beautifully pr9t$
 plac>ds at ! /reet corn]s1 adorn$ )    
c>icatures ( consid]able pung5cy1 we    
discov] an odd little election is 9     
progress4 ,?is is ! selection1 ^u       
/rictly democratic l9es1 ) a suffrage t 
includes e p]man5t resid5t 9 ! ,luc]ne  
w>d ov] ! age ( fifte51 ( ! uglie/ local
 build+4 ,! old little urban & local    
gov]n+ bodies1 we f9d1 h long s9ce be5  
sup]s$$ by great prov9cial              
municipalities = all ! m s]i\s          
adm9i/rative purposes1 b !y /ill survive
 to dis*>ge a numb] ( curi\s m9or       

functions1 & n ! lea/ among ^! is ?is   
sort ( ae/hetic o/racism4 ,e ye> e m9or 
local gov]n+ body pulls d[n a build+    
select$ by local plebiscite1 & ! great] 
,gov]nm5t pays a slight comp5sation to !
 own]1 & resumes possession ( ! l& x    
occupies4 ,! idea w\ld /rike u at fir/ z
 simply :imsical1 b 9 practice x appe>s 
to "w z a *eap & practical device = !   
ae/hetic education ( build]s1 eng9e]s1  
bus9ess m51 opul5t p]sons1 & ! g5]al    
body ( ! public4 ,b :5 we come to       
consid] its application to our own _w we
 %\ld p]ceive x 0 ! mo/ ,utopian ?+ we  
_h s f> enc\nt]$4   ,section #b  ,!     
factory t employs u is some?+ v diff]5t 
f ! ord9>y e>?ly model4 ,our bus9ess is 
to f9i% mak+ little wood5 toys--be>s1   
cattle m51 & ! l--= *ildr54 ,! ?+s are  
made 9 ! r\gh by ma*9]y1 & !n f9i%$ by  
h&1 because ! "w ( unskilful b int]e/$  
m5--& x really is an extremely amus+    
employm5t--is f\nd to give a p]sonality 
& int]e/ to ^! objects no ma*9e c ev]   
atta94  ,we c>v]s--:o are ! riffraff (  

,utopia--"w 9 a long %$ toge!r1 nom9ally
 by "t2 we mu/ keep at ! job = ! l5g? ( 
! spell1 b we are expect$ to f9i% a     
c]ta9 numb] ( toys = ea* spell ( "w4 ,! 
rules ( ! game z betwe5 employ] &       
employ$ 9 ?is p>ticul> indu/ry hang on !
 wall beh9d u2 !y are drawn up by a     
conf]5ce ( ! ,common ,c\ncil ( ,wages   
,work]s ) ! employ]s1 a common c\ncil   
:i* has result$ 9 ,utopia f a syn!sis ( 
! old ,trades ,unions1 & :i* has become 
a con/itutional p[]2 b any man :o has   
skill or hum\r is pres5tly mak+ 8 own   
b>ga9 ) our employ] m or less above t   
datum l9e4  ,our employ] is a quiet     
blue-ey$ man ) a humor\s smile4 ,he     
dresses :olly 9 an indigo blue1 t lat]  
we come to consid] a sort ( volunt>y    
uni=m = ,utopian arti/s4 ,z he walks    
ab\t ! work%op1 /opp+ to laugh at ?is   
production or praise t1 "o is rem9d$    
inevitably ( an art s*ool4 ,e n[ & !n he
 c>ves a little himself or makes a sket*
 or dep>ts to ! ma*9]y to ord] "s *ange 
9 ! r\gh %apes x is turn+ out4 ,our "w  

is by no means conf9$ to animals4 ,aft] 
a "t ,i am told to specialise 9 a       
comical little ,roman-nos$ pony2 b      
sev]al ( ! bett] paid c>v]s "w up       
c>icature images ( em95t ,utopians4 ,ov]
 ^! our employ] is mo/ dispos$ to       
m$itate1 & f !m he d>ts (f mo/ frequ5tly
 to improve ! type4  ,x is high summ]1 &
 our %$ lies op5 at ei!r end4 ,on "o h& 
is a /eep m\nta9 side d[n :i* !re comes1
 n[ bridg+ a *asm1 n[ a m]e /raight     
groove across a mead[1 n[ hidd5 among   
gre5 bran*es1 ! wat]-slide t br+s our   
trees f ! purple =e/ ov]head4 ,above u1 
b ne>ly hidd51 hums ! ma*9e %$1 b we see
 a corn] ( ! tank into :i*1 ) a mighty  
spla%1 ! p9e trees are deliv]$4 ,e n[ & 
!n1 br++ ) him a gu/ ( res9\s smell1 a  
:ite-clad ma*9i/ w come 9 ) a basketful 
( crude1 unwr\ght little images1 & w    
turn !m out ^u ! table f :i* we c>v]s   
select !m4  7,:5ev] ,i ?9k ( ,utopia t  
fa9t & fluctuat+ smell ( res9 returns to
 me1 & :5ev] ,i smell res91 comes !     
memory ( ! op5 end ( ! %$ look+ out ^u !

 lake1 ! blue-gre5 lake1 ! boats mirror$
 9 ! wat]1 & f> & high beyond floats !  
atmosph]ic fairyl& ( ! m\nta9s ( ,gl>us1
 tw5ty miles away47  ,! cessation ( !   
second & la/ spell ( "w comes ab\t      
midday1 & !n we walk home1 ?r\gh ?is    
beautiful intricacy ( a t[n to our *eap 
hotel beside ! lake4  ,we %\ld g our way
 ) a curi\s cont5tm5t1 = all t we 7 e>n+
 sc>cely m ?an ! m9imum wage4 ,we %\ld  
h1 ( c\rse1 our uneas9ess ab\t ! f9al   
decisions ( t univ]sal eye :i* has turn$
 ^u u1 we %\ld h ^? ridicul\s %am numb]s
 on our consci5ces2 b t g5]al           
re/lessness1 t brood+ /ress t pursues ! 
weekly work] on e>?1 t a*+ anxiety t    
drives him s (t5 to /upid bett+1 /upid  
dr9k+1 & viol5t & mean (f5ces w h vani%$
 out ( mortal exp]i5ce4   ,section #c   
,i %\ld f9d myself contra/+ my position 
) my preconceptions ab\t a ,utopian     
visit4 ,i _h always imag9$ myself z /&+ 
outside ! g5]al ma*9]y ( ! ,/ate--9 !   
di/+ui%$ visitors' gall]y1 z x 7--&     
gett+ ! new _w 9 a s]ies ( compreh5sive 

p]spective views4 ,b ?is ,utopia1 = all 
! sweep+ floats ( g5]alisation ,i d my  
be/ to ma9ta91 is swall[+ me up4 ,i f9d 
myself go+ betwe5 my "w & ! room 9 :i*  
,i sleep & ! place 9 :i* ,i d9e1 v mu* z
 ,i w5t to & fro 9 t real _w into :i* ,i
 fell five-&-=ty ye>s ago4 ,i f9d ab\t  
me m\nta9s & horizons t limit my view1  
in/itutions t vani% also )\t an         
explanation1 beyond ! limit ( sight1 & a
 great complexity ( ?+s ,i d n und]/& & 
ab\t :i*1 to tell ! tru?1 ,i d n =mulate
 acute curiosities4 ,p1 v               
unrepres5tative p1 p j z casual z p 9 ! 
real _w1 come into p]sonal relations )  
u1 & little ?reads ( private & imm$iate 
int]e/ sp9 !mselves rapidly into a      
?ick5+ grey veil across ! g5]al view4 ,i
 lose ! compreh5sive int]rogation ( my  
fir/ arrival2 ,i f9d myself int]e/$ 9 ! 
gra9 ( ! wood ,i "w1 9 birds among !    
tree bran*es1 9 little irrelevant ?+s1 &
 x is only n[ & !n t ,i get fairly back 
to ! mood t takes all ,utopia = its     
picture4  ,we sp5d our fir/ surplus (   

,utopian money 9 ! reorganisation ( our 
w>drobes ^u m ,utopian l9es2 we develop 
acqua9tance ) sev]al ( our fell[ work]s1
 & ( ^? :o %>e our table at ! inn4 ,we  
pass ins5sibly into acqua9tance%ips & ! 
beg9n+s ( fri5d%ips4 ,! ,_w ,utopia1 ,i 
say1 seems = a "t to be swall[+ me up4  
,at ! ?\ght ( detail x looms too big =  
me4 ,! "q ( gov]nm5t1 ( its su/a9+      
ideas1 ( race1 & ! wid] future1 hang l !
 ar* ( ! sky ov] ^! daily incid5ts1 v   
great inde$1 b v remote4 ,^! p ab\t me  
are ev]yday p1 p n s v f> f ! m9imum    
wage1 accu/om$ mu* z ! ev]yday p ( e>?  
are accu/om$ to take _! _w z !y f9d x4  
,su* enquiries z ,i attempt are pretty  
obvi\sly a bore to !m1 pass outside _!  
range z completely z ,utopian           
speculation on e>? outranges a /ev$ore  
or a memb] ( ,p>liam5t or a work+       
plumb]4 ,ev5 ! little ?+s ( daily life  
int]e/ !m 9 a diff]5t way4 ,s ,i get on 
) my facts & reason+ r sl[ly4 ,i f9d    
myself look+ among ! pleasant multitudes
 ( ! /reets = types t promise cong5ial  

conv]sation4  ,my s5se ( lonel9ess is   
increas$ dur+ ?is int]lude by ! bett]   
social success ( ! botani/4 ,i f9d him  
pres5tly fall+ into conv]sation ) two   
wom5 :o are accu/om$ to sit at a table  
ne> our own4 ,!y we> ! loose1 col\r$    
robes ( s(t mat]ial t are ! usual we> ( 
common adult ,utopian wom52 !y are bo?  
d>k & sall[1 & !y affect amb] & crimson 
9 _! g>m5ts4 ,_! faces /rike me z a     
little un9tellig5t1 & !re is a fa9t t\* 
( middle-ag$ coquetry 9 _! be>+ t ,i d n
 l4 ,yet on e>? we %\ld consid] !m wom5 
( exceptional ref9em5t4 ,b ! botani/    
evid5tly sees 9 ?is direction scope = ! 
feel+s t h wilt$ a little "u my         
inatt5tion1 & he beg9s t petty int]c\rse
 ( a ^w1 ( a slight civility1 ( vague   
enquiries & comp>isons t leads at la/ to
 associations & confid5ces4 ,su*        
sup]ficial confid5ces1 t is to say1 z he
 f9ds satisfactory4  ,?is ?r[s me back  
^u my private obs]vations4  ,! g5]al    
effect ( a ,utopian population is vig\r4
 ,ev]yone "o meets seems to be n only 9 

good heal? b 9 tra9+2 "o r>ely meets fat
 p1 bald p1 or b5t or grey4 ,p :o w\ld  
be obese or b5t & obvi\sly ag$ on e>?   
are "h 9 good repair1 & z a consequ5ce !
 :ole effect ( a cr[d is liveli] & m    
invigorat+ ?an on e>?4 ,! dress is v>i$ 
& graceful2 t ( ! wom5 rem9ds "o mo/ ( !
 ,italian fifte5? c5tury2 !y h an       
abundance ( s(t & beautifully-col\r$    
/uffs1 & ! clo!s1 ev5 ( ! poore/1 fit   
admirably4 ,_! hair is v simply b v     
c>efully & beautifully dress$1 & except 
9 v sunny wea!r !y d n we> hats or      
bonnets4 ,!re is little diff]5ce 9      
deportm5t betwe5 "o class & ano!r2 !y   
all are graceful & be> !mselves ) quiet 
dignity1 & among a gr\p ( !m a ,european
 woman ( fa%ion 9 h] lace & fea!rs1 h]  
hat & metal ornam5ts1 h] mix$           
accumulations ( trimm+s1 w\ld look l a  
b>b>ian trick$ out ) ! miscellane\s     
plund] ( a museum4 ,boys & girls we> mu*
 ! same sort ( co/ume--br[n lea!r %oes1 
!n a sort ( comb9ation ( hose &         
close-fitt+ tr\s]s t rea*es f toe to    

wai/1 & ov] ?is a beltless jacket fitt+ 
v well1 or a belt$ tunic4 ,_m sl5d] wom5
 we> ! same sort ( co/ume4 ,we %\ld see 
!m 9 x v (t5 9 su* a place z ,luc]ne1 z 
!y return$ f exp$itions 9 ! m\nta9s4 ,! 
old] m5 w\ld we> long robes v frequ5tly1
 b ! great] proportion ( ! m5 w\ld g 9  
v>iations ( mu* ! same co/ume z !       
*ildr54 ,!re w\ld c]ta9ly be hood$      
cloaks & umbrellas = ra9y wea!r1 high   
boots = mud & sn[1 & cloaks & coats &   
furry robes = ! w9t]4 ,!re w\ld be no   
d\bt a fre] use ( col\r ?an t]re/rial   
,europe sees 9 ^! days1 b ! co/ume ( !  
wom5 at lea/ w\ld be sob]] & m          
practical1 & 79 h>mony ) our discussion 
9 ! previ\s *apt]7 less diff]5tiat$ f ! 
m5's4  ,b ^!1 ( c\rse1 are              
g5]alisations4 ,^! are ! m]e translation
 ( ! social facts we h hypo!ticat$ into 
! language ( co/ume4 ,!re w be a great  
v>iety ( co/ume & no compulsions4 ,!    
d\bles ( p :o are naturally foppi% on   
e>? w be foppi% 9 ,utopia1 & p :o h no  
natural ta/e on e>? w h in>ti/ic        

equival5ts4 ,ev]yone w n be quiet 9     
tone1 or h>moni\s1 or beautiful4        
,occasionally1 z ,i g ?r\gh ! /reets to 
my "w1 ,i %all turn r\nd to glance aga9 
at "s robe %ot ) gold embroid]y1 "s     
sla%+ ( ! sleeves1 "s ecc5tricity ( cut1
 or "s discord or untid9ess4 ,b ^! w be 
b transi5t fla%es 9 a g5]al fl[ (       
h>moni\s graci\sness2 dress w h sc>cely 
any ( t effect ( disord]ly conflict1 (  
self-ass]tion qualifi$ by ! fe> (       
ridicule1 t x has 9 ! crudely           
competitive civilisations ( e>?4  ,i    
%all h ! seek]'s attitude ( m9d dur+ ^? 
few days at ,luc]ne4 ,i %all become a   
/ud5t ( faces4 ,i %all be1 z x 71 look+ 
= someone4 ,i %all see heavy faces1 dull
 faces1 faces ) an uncong5ial animation1
 ali5 faces1 & among ^! "s ) an imm$iate
 quality ( appeal4 ,i %\ld see desirable
 m5 approa*+ me1 & ,i %\ld ?9k2 ,n[1 if 
,i 7 to speak to y8 ,_m ( ^! latt] ,i   
%\ld note wore ! same clo?+ z ! man :o  
spoke to u at ,wass52 ,i %\ld beg9 to   
?9k ( x z a sort ( uni=m4444  ,!n ,i    

%\ld see grave-fac$ girls1 girls ( t    
budd+ age :5 _! be>+ becomes delusively 
wise1 & ! old deception ( my y\? w recur
 to me2 ,c\ld y & ,i b talk toge!r8 ,i  
%\ld ?9k4 ,wom5 w pass me lightly1 wom5 
) op5 & invit+ faces1 b !y w n attract  
me1 & !re w come beautiful wom51 wom5 ) 
t t\* ( clau/ral preoccupation :i* =bids
 ! ?\ght ( any ne> approa*4 ,!y are     
private & secret1 & ,i may n ent]1 ,i   
"k1 into _! ?\ghts4444  ,i g z (t5 z ,i 
c to ! seat by ! end ( old ,kapelbrucke1
 & wat* ! p pass+ ov]4  ,i %all f9d a   
quality ( dissatisfaction ?r\gh\t all ^!
 days4 ,i %all come to see ?is p]iod m &
 m di/9ctly z a pause1 z a wait+        
int]lude1 & ! idea ( an enc\nt] ) my    
d\ble1 :i* came at fir/ z if x 7 a      
witticism1 z some?+ v]bal & surpris+1   
beg9s to take sub/ance4 ,! idea gr[s 9  
my m9d t aft] all ?is is ! someone ,i am
 seek+1 ?is ,utopian self ( m9e4 ,i _h  
at fir/ an idea ( a grotesque enc\nt]1 z
 ( some?+ happ5+ 9 a look+ glass1 b     
pres5tly x dawns on me t my ,utopian    

self mu/ be a v diff]5t p]son f me4 ,8  
tra9+ w be diff]5t1 8 m5tal cont5t      
diff]5t4 ,b betwe5 u !re w be a /range  
l9k ( ess5tial id5tity1 a sympa?y1 an   
und]/&+4 ,i f9d ! ?+ ris+ sudd5ly to a  
prepond]ance 9 my m9d4 ,i f9d ! int]e/ (
 details dw9dl+ to ! vani%+ po9t4 ,t ,i 
h come to ,utopia is ! less] ?+ n[2 !   
great] is t ,i h come to meet myself4   
,i sp5d h\rs try+ to imag9e ! enc\nt]1  
inv5t+ little dialogues4 ,i g alone to !
 ,bureau to f9d if any news has come to 
h& f ! ,great ,index 9 ,p>is1 b ,i am   
told to wait ano!r tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,i   
cease absolutely to be int]e/$ 9 any?+  
else1 except s f> z x leads t[>ds       
int]c\rse ) ?is be+ :o is to be at once 
s /rangely ali5 & s totally m9e4        
,section #d  ,wrapp$ up 9 ^!            
preoccupations z ,i am1 x w c]ta9ly be !
 botani/ :o w notice ! comp>ative abs5ce
 ( animals ab\t u4  ,he w put x 9 ! =m (
 a temp]ate objection to ! ,utopian     
planet4  ,he is a pr(ess$ lov] ( dogs & 
!re are none4 ,we h se5 no horses & only

 "o or two mules on ! day ( our arrival1
 & !re seems n a cat 9 ! _w4 ,i br+ my  
m9d r\nd to 8 sugge/ion4 ,?is foll[s1 ,i
 say4  ,x is only reluctantly t ,i all[ 
myself to be drawn f my secret mus+s    
into a discussion ( ,utopian pets4  ,i  
try to expla9 t a phase 9 ! _w's        
developm5t is inevitable :5 a sy/ematic 
_w-wide attempt w be made to de/roy =   
ev] a great numb] ( contagi\s &         
infecti\s diseases1 & t ?is w involve1 =
 a "t at any rate1 a /r+5t suppression (
 ! free movem5t ( famili> animals4      
,utopian h\ses1 /reets & dra9s w be     
plann$ & built to make rats1 mice1 &    
su*-l h\se p>asites impossible2 ! race (
 cats & dogs--provid+1 z x does1 liv+   
fa/nesses to :i* su* diseases z plague1 
influ5za1 cat>rhs & ! l1 c retreat to   
sally =? aga9--mu/ pass = a "t out (    
fre$om1 & ! fil? made by horses & ! o!r 
brutes ( ! highway vani% f ! face ( !   
e>?4 ,^! ?+s make an old /ory to me1 &  
p]haps explicitness suff]s ?r\gh my     
brevity4  ,my botani/ fails altoge!r to 

grasp :at ! disappe>ance ( diseases     
means4 ,8 m9d has no imag9ative organ ( 
t compass4 ,z ,i talk 8 m9d re/s on "o  
fix$ image4 ,?is pres5ts :at ! botani/  
w\ld probably call a de> old doggie--:i*
 ! botani/ w\ld make believe did n      
possess any s5sible od\r--& x has       
fai?ful br[n eyes & und]/&s ev]y?+ y    
say4 ,! botani/ w\ld make believe x     
und]/ood him my/ically1 & ,i figure 8   
long :ite h&--:i* seems to me1 9 my m   
jaundic$ mom5ts1 to exi/ entirely =     
pick+ ?+s & hold+ a l5s--patt+ its head1
 :ile ! brute look$ ?+s unspeakable4444 
,! botani/ %akes 8 head aft] my         
explanation & says quietly1 ,i d n l y\r
 ,utopia1 if !re are to be no dogs4     
,p]haps t makes me a little malici\s4   
,inde$ ,i d n hate dogs1 b ,i c>e t5    
?\s& times m = a man ?an = all ! brutes 
on ! e>?1 & ,i c see1 :at ! botani/ ,i  
?9k _c1 t a life sp5t 9 ! delightful    
atmosph]e ( _m pet animals may h too de>
 a price4444  ,i f9d myself back aga9 at
 ! comp>ison ( ! botani/ & myself4 ,!re 

is a pr(\nd diff]5ce 9 our imag9ations1 
& ,i wond] :e!r x is ! consequ5ce (     
innate "* or ( tra9+ & :e!r he is really
 ! human type or ,i4 ,i am n altoge!r   
)\t imag9ation1 b :at imag9ation ,i h   
has ! mo/ insi/5t disposition to squ>e  
itself ) e fact 9 ! univ]se4 ,x         
hypo!sises v boldly1 b on ! o!r h& x w n
 gravely make believe4 ,n[ ! botani/'s  
imag9ation is always busy ) ! mo/       
impossible make-believe4 ,t is ! way )  
all *ildr5 ,i "k4 ,b x seems to me "o   
ought to pass out ( x4 ,x isn't z ?\gh !
 _w 0 an untidy nurs]y2 x is a place (  
spl5d\rs indescribable = all :o w lift  
its veils4 ,x may be he is ess5tially   
diff]5t f me1 b ,i am mu* m incl9$ to   
?9k he is simply m *ildi%4 ,always x is 
make-believe4 ,he believes t horses are 
beautiful creatures = example1 dogs are 
beautiful creatures1 t "s wom5 are      
inexpressibly lovely1 & he makes believe
 t ?is is always s4 ,nev] a ^w (        
criticism ( horse or dog or woman6 ,nev]
 a ^w ( criticism ( 8 impeccable fri5ds6

 ,!n !re is 8 botany4 ,he makes believe 
t all ! vegetable k+dom is my/ically    
p]fect & exempl>y1 t all fl[]s smell    
delici\sly & are exquisitely beautiful1 
t ,dros]a does n hurt flies v mu*1 & t  
onions d n smell4 ,mo/ ( ! univ]se does 
n int]e/ ?is nature lov] at all4 ,b ,i  
"k1 & ,i am qu]ul\sly incapable (       
und]/&+ :y ev]yone else does n "k1 t a  
horse is beautiful 9 "o way & q ugly 9  
ano!r1 t ev]y?+ has ?is %ot-silk        
quality1 & is all ! f9] = t4 ,:5 p talk 
( a horse z an ugly animal ,i ?9k ( its 
beautiful mom5ts1 b :5 ,i he> a fl[ (   
indiscrim9ate praise ( its beauty ,i ?9k
 ( su* an aspect z "o gets = example f a
 dog-c>t1 ! fiddle-%ap$ back1 & t       
di/ress+ blade ( ! neck1 ! n>r[ clumsy  
place betwe5 ! e>s1 & ! ugly glimpse (  
*eek4 ,!re is1 inde$1 no beauty :atev]  
save t transitory ?+ t comes & comes    
aga92 all beauty is really ! beauty (   
expression1 is really k9etic & mom5t>y4 
,t is true ev5 ( ^? triumphs ( /atic    
endeav\r a*iev$ by ,greece4 ,! ,greek   

temple1 = example1 is a b>n ) a face t  
at a c]ta9 angle ( vision & 9 a c]ta9   
light has a great calm beauty4  ,b :]e  
are we drift+8 ,all su* ?+s1 ,i hold1   
are cases ( m & less1 & ( ! "r mom5t & !
 "r aspect1 ev5 ! ?+s ,i mo/ e/eem4 ,!re
 is no p]fection1 !re is no endur+      
treasure4 ,?is pet dog's beautiful      
affection1 ,i say1 or ?is o!r s5su\s or 
imag9ative delight1 is no d\bt good1 b x
 c be put aside if x is incompatible )  
"s o!r & wid] good4 ,y _c focus all good
 ?+s toge!r4  ,all "r action & all wise 
action is surely s\nd judgm5t & c\rage\s
 ab&onm5t 9 ! matt] ( su*               
incompatibilities4 ,if ,i _c imag9e     
?\ghts & feel+s 9 a dog's bra9 t _c     
possibly be !re1 at lea/ ,i c imag9e ?+s
 9 ! future ( m5 t might be !re _h we ! 
w to dem& !m4444  ,i don't l ?is        
,utopia1 ! botani/ repeats4 ,y don't    
und]/& ab\t dogs4 ,to me !y're human    
be+s--& m6 ,!re us$ to be su* a jolly   
old dog at my aunt's at ,frognal :5 ,i 0
 a boy----  ,b ,i d n he$ 8 anecdote4   

,some?+--some?+ ( ! nature (            
consci5ce--has sudd5ly j]k$ back !      
memory ( t be] ,i drank at ,hosp5?al1 & 
puts an accus+ f+] on ! memory4  ,i nev]
 h _h a pet animal1 ,i confess1 ?\gh ,i 
h be5 fairly popul> ) kitt5s4 ,b ) reg>d
 to a c]ta9 pett+ ( myself----8  ,p]haps
 ,i 0 premature ab\t t be]4 ,i h _h no  
pet animals1 b ,i p]ceive if ! ,mod]n   
,utopia is go+ to dem& ! sacrifice ( !  
love ( animals1 :i* is1 9 its way1 a v  
f9e ?+ inde$1 s mu* ! m readily may x   
dem& ! sacrifice ( _m o!r indulg5ces1 "s
 ( :i* are n ev5 f9e 9 ! l[e/ degree4   
,x is curi\s ?is haunt+ insi/5ce ^u     
sacrifice & discipl9e6  ,x is sl[ly     
becom+ my dom9ant ?\ght t ! sort ( p ^: 
w ?is ,utopia embodies mu/ be p a little
 he$less ( small pleasures4 ,y _c focus 
all good ?+s at ! same "t4 ,t is my *ief
 discov]y 9 ^! m$itations at ,luc]ne4   
,mu* ( ! re/ ( ?is ,utopia ,i _h 9 a    
sort ( way anticipat$1 b n ?is4 ,i wond]
 if ,i %all see my ,utopian self = long 
& be able to talk to him freely4444  ,we

 lie 9 ! petal-/rewn grass "u "s ,judas 
trees beside ! lake %ore1 z ,i me&]     
among ^! ?\ghts1 & ea* ( u1 disreg>dful 
( 8 companion1 foll[s 8 own             
associations4  ,v rem>kable1 ,i say1    
discov]+ t ! botani/ has come to an end 
) 8 /ory ( t ,frognal dog4  ,y'd wond]  
h[ he knew1 he says4  ,y w\ld4  ,i      
nibble a gre5 blade4  ,d y realise q1 ,i
 ask1 t )9 a week we %all face our      
,utopian selves & measure some?+ ( :at  
we might h be58  ,! botani/'s face      
cl\ds4 ,he rolls ov]1 sits up abruptly &
 puts 8 lean h&s ab\t 8 knees4  ,i don't
 l to ?9k ab\t x1 he says4 ,:at is !    
good ( reckon+ 444 might h be5s8        
,section #e  ,x is pleasant to ?9k (    
"o's puzzl+ ! organis$ wisdom ( s       
sup]ior a planet z ?is ,utopia1 ?is     
moral mon/] ,/ate my ,frank5/e9 (       
reason+ has made1 & to t pit* we h come4
 ,:5 we are next 9 ! pres5ce ( our      
,luc]ne (ficial1 he has ! be>+ ( a man  
:o faces a my/ification beyond 8 p[]s1  
an incr$ible dis>rangem5t ( ! ord] (    

,nature4 ,"h1 = ! fir/ "t 9 ! records ( 
,utopian sci5ce1 are two cases--n simply
 "o b two1 & ^! 9 ea* o!r's company6--( 
duplicat$ ?umb-m>ks4 ,?is1 c\pl$ ) a    
cock-&-bull /ory ( an in/antane\s       
transf] f "s planet unkn[n to ,utopian  
a/ronomy4 ,t he & all 8 _w exi/s only ^u
 a hypo!sis t w\ld expla9 ev]yone ( ^!  
difficulties absolutely1 is sc>cely     
likely to occur to 8 obvi\sly           
unphilosophic m9d4  ,! (ficial eye is m 
eloqu5t ?an ! (ficial lips & asks almo/ 
urg5tly1 ,:at 9 ?is immeasurable univ]se
 h y manag$ to d to y\r ?umbs8 ,& :y8 ,b
 he is only a v inf]ior sort ( (ficial  
inde$1 a m]e cl]k ( ! po/1 & he has all 
! gu>d$ res]ve ( y\r ?or\ghly unorig9al 
man4 ,y are n ! two p]sons ,i asc]ta9$ y
 71 he says1 ) ! note ( "o resign$ to   
communion ) unreason2 because y--he     
indicates me--are evid5tly at y\r       
resid5ce 9 ,london4 ,i smile4 ,t        
g5tleman--he po9ts a p5 at ! botani/ 9 a
 mann] t is int5d$ to dismiss my smile  
once = all--w be 9 ,london next week4   

,he w be return+ next ,friday f a       
special mission to inve/igate ! fungoid 
p>asites t h be5 attack+ ! c9*ona trees 
9 ,ceylon4  ,! botani/ blesses 8 he>t4  
,consequ5tly--! (ficial sighs at ! bur!n
 ( su* nons5se1 y w h to g & consult    
)--! p y ought to be4  ,i betray a fa9t 
amusem5t4  ,y w h to end by believ+ 9   
our planet1 ,i say4  ,he waggles a      
negation ) 8 head4 ,he w\ld intimate 8  
position is too responsible a "o = je/+1
 & bo? ( u 9 our sev]al ways enjoy !    
pleasure we poor humans h 9 meet+ )     
intellectual inf]iority4 ,! ,/&+        
,committee ( ,id5tification1 he says1 ) 
an eye on a memor&um1 has remitt$ y\r   
case to ! ,rese>* ,pr(essor (           
,an?ropology 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,london1 &
 !y want y to g !re1 if y w1 & talk to  
him4  ,:at else c we d8 says ! botani/4 
,!re's no positive compulsion1 he       
rem>ks1 b y\r "w "h w probably cease4   
,"h---- he pu%$ ! neat slips ( pap]     
t[>ds u--are y\r tickets = ,london1 & a 
small b suffici5t supply ( money1--he   

indicates two piles ( co9s & pap] on    
ei!r h& ( him--= a day or s !re4 ,he    
proce$s 9 ! same dry mann] to in=m u we 
are invit$ to call at our e>lie/        
conv5i5ce ^u our d\bles1 & ^u !         
,pr(essor1 :o is to inve/igate our case4
  ,& !n8  ,he pulls d[n ! corn]s ( 8 m\?
 9 a wry deprecatory smile1 eyes u      
obliquely "u a crumpl$ br[1 %rugs 8     
%\ld]s1 & %[s u ! palms ( 8 h&s4  ,on   
e>?1 :]e !re is nationality1 ?is w\ld h 
be5 a ,fr5*man--! inf]ior sort (        
,fr5*man--! sort ^: only happ9ess is 9 !
 r\t9e security ( ,gov]nm5t employm5t4  
,section #f  ,london w be ! fir/        
,utopian city c5tre we %all see4  ,we   
%all f9d ourselves !re ) n a little     
amazem5t4 ,x w be our fir/ exp]i5ce ( ! 
swift long di/ance travel ( ,utopia1 &  
,i h an idea--,i "k n :y--t we %\ld make
 ! j\rney by night4 ,p]haps ,i ?9k s    
because ! ideal ( long-di/ance travel is
 surely a re/ful translation less       
suitable = ! active h\rs4  ,we %all d9e 
& gossip & dr9k c(fee at ! pretty little

 tables "u ! lant]n-lit trees1 we %all  
visit ! !atre1 & decide to sup 9 ! tra91
 & s come at la/ to ! /ation4 ,!re we   
%all f9d pleasant rooms ) seats &       
books--luggage all neatly else:]e--&    
doors t we %all imag9e give ^u a plat=m4
 ,our cloaks & hats & su*-l outdoor     
imp$im5ta w be tak5 9 ! hall & neatly   
labell$ = ,london1 we %all ex*ange our  
%oes = slipp]s !re1 & we %all sit d[n l 
m5 9 a club4 ,an (fici\s little bell w  
pres5tly call our att5tion to a label   
,london on ! doorway1 & an excell5t     
phonograph w en=ce t notice ) inf9ite   
civility4 ,! doors w op51 & we %all walk
 ?r\gh into an equally com=table gall]y4
  ,:]e is ! tra9 = ,london8 we %all ask 
a uni=m$ fell[ ,utopian4  ,?is is ! tra9
 = ,london1 he w say4  ,!re w be a %utt+
 ( doors1 & ! botani/ & ,i1 try+ n to   
feel too *ildi%1 w walk explor+ ?r\gh ! 
capaci\s tra94  ,! resemblance to a club
 w /rike u bo?4 ,a good club1 ! botani/ 
w correct me4  ,:5 "o travels beyond a  
c]ta9 spe$1 !re is no?+ b fatigue 9     

look+ out ( a w9d[1 & ?is corridor tra91
 twice ! wid? ( its poor t]re/rial      
bro!r1 w h no ne$ ( t di/raction4 ,!    
simple device ( ab&on+ any b a few      
w9d[s1 & ^? set high1 gives ! wall space
 ( ! long corridors to books2 ! middle  
"p ( ! tra9 is inde$ a com=table libr>y 
) abundant arm*airs & c\*es1 ea* ) its  
gre5-%ad$ light1 & s(t c>pets ^u !      
s\ndpro( floor4 ,fur!r on w be a        
news-room1 ) a noiseless b busy tape at 
"o corn]1 pr9t+ (f messages f ! wires by
 ! wayside1 & fur!r /ill1 rooms = gossip
 & smok+1 a billi>d room1 & ! d9+ c>4   
,beh9d we %all come to b$rooms1         
ba?rooms1 ! hairdress]1 & s =?4  ,:5    
%all we />t8 ,i ask pres5tly1 z we      
return1 r l ba%ful yokels1 to ! libr>y1 
& ! old g5tleman read+ ! ,arabian       
,nights 9 ! arm*air 9 ! corn] glances up
 at me ) a sudd5 curiosity4  ,! botani/ 
t\*es my arm & nods t[>ds a pretty      
little lead-pan$ w9d[1 ?r\gh :i* we see 
a village sleep+ "u cl\dy moonlight g   
fla%+ by4 ,!n a skylit lake1 & !n a /r+ 

( sway+ lights1 gone ) ! leap ( a cam]a 
%utt]4  ,two hundr$ miles an h\r6  ,we  
resort to a dignifi$ ,*9ese /ew>d &     
secure our b]?s4 ,x is p]haps t]re/rial 
( u t we d n ?9k ( read+ ! ,utopian     
lit]ature t l9es ! middle "p ( ! tra94  
,i f9d a b$ ( ! simple ,utopian patt]n1 
& lie = a "t ?9k+--q tranquilly--( ?is  
m>vell\s adv5ture4  ,i wond] :y x is t  
to lie securely 9 b$1 ) ! light out1    
seems ev] ! same place1 :]ev] 9 space "o
 may *ance to be8 ,& asleep1 !re is no  
space = u at all4 ,i become dr[sy &     
incoh]5t & metaphysical4444  ,! fa9t &  
fluctuat+ drone ( ! :eels bel[ ! c>1    
re-e*o$ by ! fly+ track1 is m p]ceptible
 n[1 b x is n unpleasantly l\d1 m]ely a 
fa9t t9t+ ( ! quiet4444  ,no sea cross+ 
breaks our j\rney2 !re is no?+ to prev5t
 a ,*annel tunnel 9 t o!r planet2 & ,i  
wake 9 ,london4  ,! tra9 has be5 9      
,london "s "t :5 ,i awake1 = ^! m>vell\s
 ,utopians h discov]$ t x is n necess>y 
to bundle out pass5g]s f a tra9 9 !     
small h\rs1 simply because !y h arriv$4 

,a ,utopian tra9 is j a peculi> k9d (   
hotel corridor t flies ab\t ! e>? :ile  
"o sleeps4   ,section #g  ,h[ w a great 
city ( ,utopia /rike u8  ,to answ] t "q 
well "o mu/ ne$s be arti/ & eng9e]1 & ,i
 am nei!r4 ,moreov]1 "o mu/ employ words
 & phrases t d n exi/1 = ?is _w /ill    
does n dream ( ! ?+s t may be done )    
?\ght & /eel1 :5 ! eng9e] is suffici5tly
 educat$ to be an arti/1 & ! arti/ic    
intellig5ce has be5 quick5$ to !        
accompli%m5t ( an eng9e]4 ,h[ c "o write
 ( ^! ?+s = a g5]ation :i* r admires t  
inconv5i5t & gawky muddle ( ironwork &  
,flemi% ar*itecture1 ! ,london ,t[]     
,bridge4 ,:5 be=e ?is1 tem]>i\s         
anticipators h writt5 ( ! mighty build+s
 t might som$ay be1 ! illu/rator has    
bl5d$ ) ! poor ineffectual splutt] ( !  
au?or's words1 8 p[]ful sugge/ion t x   
am\nt$ simply to some?+ bulb\s1 florid &
 flu5t 9 ! ve9 ( ! onion1 & ,l',art     
,n\veau4 ,b "h1 x may be1 ! illu/rator w
 n int]v5e4  ,art has sc>cely begun 9 ! 
_w4  ,!re h be5 a few =]unn]s & t is    

all4 ,leon>do1 ,mi*ael ,angelo2 h[ !y   
w\ld h exult$ 9 ! lib]ties ( /eel6 ,!re 
are no m pa!tic docum5ts 9 ! ar*ives (  
art ?an ,leon>do's memor&a4 ,9 ^!1 "o   
sees him aga9 & aga9 rea*+ out z x 71 ) 
empty desir\s h&s1 t[>ds ! unborn       
possibilities ( ! eng9e]4 ,& ,dur]1 too1
 0 a ,mod]n1 ) ! same turn t[>ds        
creative inv5tion4 ,9 our times ^! m5   
w\ld h want$ to make viaducts1 to bridge
 wild & inaccessible places1 to cut &   
/raddle great railways a?w>t ! m\nta9   
masses ( ! _w4 ,y c see1 "t aft] "t1 9  
,dur]'s "w1 z y c see 9 ! imag9>y       
ar*itectural l&scape ( ! ,pompeian      
walls1 ! dream ( /ructures1 light] &    
bold] ?an /one or brick c yield4444 ,^! 
,utopian t[n build+s w be ! realisation 
( su* dreams4  ,"h w be "o ( ! great    
meet+ places ( mank9d4 ,"h--,i speak (  
,utopian ,london--w be ! traditional    
c5tre ( "o ( ! great races 9 !          
commonalty ( ! ,_w ,/ate--& "h w be its 
social & intellectual ex*ange4 ,!re w be
 a mighty ,univ]sity "h1 ) ?\s&s (      

pr(essors & t5s ( ?\s&s ( advanc$       
/ud5ts1 & "h great j\rnals ( ?\ght &    
speculation1 mature & spl5did books (   
philosophy & sci5ce1 & a glori\s fabric 
( lit]ature w be wov5 & %ap$1 & ) a     
teem+ leisurel9ess1 put =?4 ,"h w be    
/up5d\s libr>ies1 & a mighty            
organisation ( museums4 ,ab\t ^! c5tres 
w clu/] a great sw>m ( p1 & close at h& 
w be ano!r c5tre1 = ,i :o am an         
,engli%man mu/ ne$s /ipulate t ,we/m9/] 
%all /ill be a seat ( _w ,empire1 "o (  
sev]al seats1 if y w--:]e ! rul+ c\ncil 
( ! _w assembles4 ,!n ! arts w clu/]    
r\nd ?is city1 z gold ga!rs ab\t wisdom1
 & "h ,engli%m5 w weave into wond]ful   
prose & beautiful rhy?ms & subtly       
atmosph]ic =ms1 ! intricate1 au/]e &    
c\rage\s imag9ation ( our race4  ,"o w  
come into ?is place z "o comes into a   
noble mansion4 ,!y w h flung great ar*es
 & domes ( glass above ! wid] spaces ( !
 t[n1 ! sl5d] beauty ( ! p]fect metal-"w
 f> ov]head w be s(t5$ to a fairy-l     
unsub/antiality by ! mild ,london air4  

,x w be ! ,london air we "k1 cle> ( fil?
 & all impurity1 ! same air t gives our 
,octob] days _! unspeakable cl>ity &    
makes e ,london twilight my/]i\sly      
beautiful4 ,we %all g along av5ues (    
ar*itecture t w be emancipat$ f ! la/   
memories ( ! squat temple boxes ( !     
,greek1 ! buxom curvatures ( ,rome2 !   
,go? 9 u w h tak5 to /eel & c\ntless new
 mat]ials z k9dly z once he took to     
/one4 ,! gay & swiftly mov+ plat=ms ( ! 
public ways w g pa/ on ei!r h&1 c>ry+   
sporadic gr\ps ( p1 & v spe$ily we %all 
f9d ourselves 9 a sort ( c5tral space1  
ri* ) palms & fl[]+ bu%es & /atu>y4 ,we 
%all look along an av5ue ( trees1 d[n a 
wide gorge betwe5 ! cliffs ( cr[d$      
hotels1 ! hotels t are /ill gl[+ )      
int]nal lights1 to :]e ! %9+ morn+ riv] 
/reams dawnlit out to sea4  ,great      
multitudes ( p w pass s(tly to & fro 9  
?is c5tral space1 beautiful girls & y\?s
 go+ to ! ,univ]sity classes t are held 
9 ! /ately palaces ab\t u1 grave &      
capable m5 & wom5 go+ to _! bus9esses1  

*ildr5 me&]+ along to _! s*ools1 holiday
 mak]s1 lov]s1 sett+ out ^u a hundr$    
que/s2 & "h we %all ask = ! two we m    
p>ticul>ly seek4 ,a graceful little     
telephone kiosk w put u )9 rea* ( !m1 & 
) a que] s5se ( unreality ,i %all f9d   
myself talk+ to my ,utopian tw94 ,he has
 he>d ( me1 he wants to see me & he     
gives me cle> directions h[ to come to  
him4  ,i wond] if my own voice s\nds l  
t4  ,yes1 ,i say1 !n ,i w come z soon z 
we h be5 to our hotel4  ,we indulge 9 no
 eloqu5ce ^u ?is rem>kable occasion4    
,yet ,i feel an unusual emotional /ir4  
,i tremble greatly1 & ! telephonic      
m\?piece rattles z ,i replace x4  ,&    
!nce ! botani/ & ,i walk on to !        
ap>tm5ts t h be5 set aside = u1 & into  
:i* ! poor little rolls ( ! prop]ty t   
has accumulat$ ab\t u 9 ,utopia1 our    
e>?ly raim5t1 & a *ange ( l95 & ! l1 h  
already be5 deliv]$4 ,z we g ,i f9d ,i h
 little to say to my companion1 until   
pres5tly ,i am /ruck by a transitory    
wond] t he %\ld h s little to say to me4

  ,i c /ill h>dly realise1 ,i say1 t ,i 
am go+ to see myself--z ,i might h be54 
,no1 he says1 & relapses at once into 8 
own preoccupation4  ,= a mom5t my wond] 
z to :at he %\ld be ?9k+ ab\t br+s me   
ne> to a d\ble self-=getfulness4  ,i    
realise we are at ! entrance ( our hotel
 be=e ,i c =mulate any fur!r rem>k4     
,?is is ! place1 ,i say4    ,,*apt] ,,! 
,,eigh?  ,my ,utopian ,self   ,section  
#a  ,x falls to few ( u to int]view our 
bett] selves4 ,my ,utopian self is1 (   
c\rse1 my bett] self--accord+ to my be/ 
endeav\rs--& ,i mu/ confess myself fully
 alive to ! difficulties ( ! situation4 
,:5 ,i came to ?is ,utopia ,i _h no     
?\ght ( any su* intimate                
self-exam9ation4  ,! :ole fabric ( t o!r
 univ]se sways = a mom5t z ,i come into 
8 room1 into 8 cle> & ord]$ "w-room4 ,i 
am trembl+4 ,a figure r tall] ?an myself
 /&s aga9/ ! light4  ,he comes t[>ds me1
 & ,i1 z ,i advance to meet him1 /umble 
aga9/ a *air4 ,!n1 /ill )\t a ^w1 we are
 clasp+ h&s4  ,i /& n[ s t ! light falls

 ^u him1 & ,i c see 8 face bett]4 ,he is
 a little tall] ?an ,i1 y\ng] look+ &   
s\nd] look+2 he has miss$ an illness or 
s1 & !re is no sc> ov] 8 eye4 ,8 tra9+  
has be5 subtly f9] ?an m9e2 he has made 
himself a bett] face ?an m9e4444 ,^! ?+s
 ,i might h c\nt$ ^u4 ,i c fancy he     
w9ces ) a tw+e ( sympa!tic und]/&+ at my
 manife/ inf]iority4 ,inde$1 ,i come1   
trail+ cl\ds ( e>?ly confusion &        
weakness2 ,i be> ^u me all ! defects (  
my _w4 ,he we>s1 ,i see1 t :ite tunic ) 
! purple b& t ,i h already begun to     
consid] ! prop] ,utopian clo?+ = grave  
m51 & 8 face is clean %av54 ,we =get to 
speak at fir/ 9 ! int5sity ( our mutual 
inspection4 ,:5 at la/ ,i d ga9 my voice
 x is to say some?+ q diff]5t f ! f9e1  
significant op5+s ( my prem$itat$       
dialogues4  ,y h a pleasant room1 ,i    
rem>k1 & look ab\t a little disconc]t$  
because !re is no fireplace = me to put 
my back aga9/1 or he>?rug to /& ^u4 ,he 
pu%es me a *air1 into :i* ,i plump1 & we
 hang ov] an imm5sity ( conv]sational   

possibilities4  ,i say1 ,i plunge1 :at d
 y ?9k ( me8 ,y don't ?9k ,i'm an       
impo/or8  ,n n[ t ,i h se5 y4 ,no4  ,am 
,i s l y8  ,l me & y\r /ory--exactly4   
,y hav5't any d\bt left8 ,i ask4  ,n 9 !
 lea/1 s9ce ,i saw y ent]4 ,y come f !  
_w beyond ,sirius1 tw9 to ?is4 ,eh8  ,& 
y don't want to "k h[ ,i got "h8  ,i've 
ceas$ ev5 to wond] h[ ,i got "h1 he     
says1 ) a laugh t e*oes m9e4  ,he leans 
back 9 8 *air1 & ,i 9 m9e1 & ! absurd   
p>ody ( our attitude /rikes u bo?4      
,well8 we say1 simultane\sly1 & laugh   
toge!r4  ,i w confess ?is meet+ is m    
difficult ev5 ?an ,i anticipat$4        
,section #b  ,our conv]sation at t fir/ 
enc\nt] w\ld d v little to develop !    
,mod]n ,utopia 9 my m9d4 ,inevitably1 x 
w\ld be p]sonal & emotional4 ,he w\ld   
tell me h[ he /ood 9 8 _w1 & ,i h[ ,i   
/ood 9 m9e4 ,i %\ld h to tell him ?+s1  
,i %\ld h to expla9 ?+s----4  ,no1 !    
conv]sation w\ld contribute no?+ to a   
mod]n ,utopia4  ,& s ,i leave x out4    
,section #c  ,b ,i %\ld g back to my    

botani/ 9 a /ate ( emotional relaxation4
 ,at fir/ ,i %\ld n he$ ! fact t he1    
too1 _h be5 9 "s mann] /irr$4 ,i h se5  
him1 ,i %\ld say1 ne$lessly1 & seem to  
be on ! v]ge ( tell+ ! untellable4 ,!n  
,i %\ld fade (f into3 ,x's ! /range/ ?+4
  ,he w\ld int]rupt me ) 8 own          
preoccupation4 ,y "k1 he w\ld say1 ,i've
 se5 someone4  ,i %\ld pause & look at  
him4  ,%e is 9 ?is _w1 he says4  ,:o is 
9 ?is _w8  ,m>y6  ,i h n he>d h] "n     
be=e1 b ,i und]/&1 ( c\rse1 at once4  ,i
 saw h]1 he expla9s4  ,saw h]8  ,i'm    
c]ta9 x 0 h]4 ,c]ta94 ,%e 0 f> away     
across ^? g>d5s ne> "h--& be=e ,i _h    
recov]$ f my amazem5t %e _h gone6 ,b x 0
 ,m>y4  ,he takes my arm4 ,y "k ,i did n
 und]/& ?is1 he says4 ,i did n really   
und]/& t :5 y said ,utopia1 y meant ,i 0
 to meet h]--9 happ9ess4  ,i didn't4  ,x
 works out at t4  ,y hav5't met h] yet4 
,i %all4 ,x makes ev]y?+ diff]5t4 ,to   
tell y ! tru? ,i've r hat$ ?is ,utopia (
 y\rs at times4 ,y mu/n't m9d my say+ x1
 b !re's some?+ ( ! ,gradgr9d----       

,probably ,i %\ld swe> at t4  ,:at8 he  
says4  ,no?+4  ,b y spoke8  ,i 0 purr+4 
,i'm a ,gradgr9d--x's q "r--any?+ y c   
say ab\t ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 vivisectors1    
mat]iali/ic ,sci5ce or ,a!i/s1 applies  
)\t correction to me4 ,begbie away6 ,b  
n[ y ?9k bett] ( a mod]n ,utopia8 ,0 !  
lady look+ well8  ,x 0 h] real self4    
,yes4 ,n ! brok5 woman ,i met--9 ! real 
_w4  ,& z ?\gh %e 0 p9+ = y4  ,he looks 
puzzl$4  ,look !re6 ,i say4  ,he looks4 
,we are /&+ high above ! gr\nd 9 !      
loggia into :i* our ap>tm5ts op51 & ,i  
po9t across ! s(t haze ( ! public g>d5s 
to a tall :ite mass ( ,univ]sity build+s
 t rises ) a free & fe>less ge/ure1 to  
lift salut+ p9nacles aga9/ ! cle> ev5+  
sky4 ,don't y ?9k t r m beautiful       
?an--say--our ,national ,gall]y8  ,he   
looks at x critically4 ,!re's a lot (   
metal 9 x1 he objects4 ,:at8  ,i purr$4 
,b1 anyh[1 :atev] y c't see 9 t1 y c1 ,i
 suppose1 see t x is diff]5t f any?+ 9  
y\r _w--x lacks ! k9dly humanity ( a    
r$-brick ,que5 ,anne villa resid5ce1 )  

its gables & bulges1 & b[ w9d[s1 & its  
/a9$ glass fanlight1 & s =?4 ,x lacks ! 
self-complac5t unreasonabl5ess ( ,bo>d (
 ,works classicism4 ,!re's some?+ 9 its 
proportions--z ?\gh someone ) bra9s _h  
tak5 a lot ( c>e to get x q "r1 someone 
:o n only knew :at metal c d1 b :at a   
,univ]sity ought to be1 somebody :o _h  
f\nd ! ,go?ic _s en*ant$1 petrifi$1 9 a 
ca!dral1 & _h set x free4  ,b :at has   
?is1 he asks1 to d ) h]8  ,v mu*1 ,i    
say4 ,?is is n ! same _w4 ,if %e is "h1 
%e w be y\ng] 9 _s & wis]4 ,%e w be 9 _m
 ways m ref9$----  ,no "o---- he beg9s1 
) a note ( indignation4  ,no1 no6 ,%e   
c\ldn't be4 ,i 0 wrong !re4 ,b %e w be  
diff]5t4 ,grant t at any rate4 ,:5 y g  
=w>d to speak to h]1 %e may n rememb]--v
 _m ?+s y may rememb]4 ,?+s t happ5$ at 
,frognal--de> romantic walks ?r\gh !    
,sunday summ] ev5+s1 practically y two  
alone1 y 9 y\r adolesc5t silk hat & y\r 
nice g5tlemanly gloves4444 ,p]haps t did
 n happ5 "h6 ,& %e may h o!r memories--(
 ?+s--t d[n !re hav5't happ5$4 ,y not$  

h] co/ume4 ,%e wasn't by any *ance "o ( 
! samurai8  ,he answ]s1 ) a note (      
satisfaction1 ,no6 ,%e wore a womanly   
dress ( greyi% gre54  ,probably "u !    
,less] ,rule4  ,i don't "k :at y mean by
 ! ,less] ,rule4 ,%e wasn't "o ( !      
samurai4  ,&1 aft] all1 y "k--,i keep on
 rem9d+ y1 & y keep on los+ t\* ) !     
fact1 t ?is _w conta9s y\r d\ble4  ,he  
pales1 & 8 c\nt5ance is di/urb$4 ,?ank  
,heav51 ,i've t\*$ him at la/6  ,?is _w 
conta9s y\r d\ble4 ,b1 conceivably1     
ev]y?+ may be diff]5t "h4 ,! :ole       
romantic /ory may h run a diff]5t c\rse4
 ,x 0 z x 0 9 our _w1 by ! accid5ts (   
cu/om & proximity4 ,adolesc5ce is a     
def5celess pla/ic p]iod4 ,y are a man to
 =m great affections1--noble1 great     
affections4 ,y might h met anyone almo/ 
at t season & =m$ ! same atta*m5t4  ,= a
 "t he is p]plex$ & tr\bl$ by ?is       
sugge/ion4  ,no1 he says1 a little      
d\btfully4 ,no4 ,x 0 h]self4 444 ,!n1   
emphatically1 ,no6   ,section #d  ,= a  
"t we say no m1 & ,i fall mus+ ab\t my  

/range enc\nt] ) my ,utopian d\ble4 ,i  
?9k ( ! confessions ,i h j made to him1 
! /range admissions bo? to him & myself4
 ,i h /irr$ up ! /agnations ( my own    
emotional life1 ! pride t has slumb]$1 !
 hopes & disappo9tm5ts t h n tr\bl$ me =
 ye>s4 ,!re are ?+s t happ5$ to me 9 my 
adolesc5ce t no discipl9e ( reason w ev]
 br+ to a j proportion = me1 ! fir/     
humiliations ,i 0 made to suff]1 ! wa/e 
( all ! f9e irrecov]able loyalties &    
passions ( my y\?4 ,! dull base ca/e (  
my little p]sonal tragi-com$y--,i h     
o/5sibly =giv51 ,i h = ! mo/ "p         
=gott5--& yet :5 ,i recall !m ,i hate   
ea* actor /ill4 ,:5ev] x comes into my  
m9d--,i d my be/ to prev5t x--!re x is1 
& ^! dete/able p blot out ! />s = me4   
,i h told all t /ory to my d\ble1 & he  
has li/5$ ) und]/&+ eyes4 ,b = a little 
:ile ^? squalid memories w n s9k back   
into ! deeps4  ,we lean1 side by side1  
ov] our balcony1 lo/ 9 su* egoti/ical   
absorptions1 q he$less ( ! great palace 
( noble dreams to :i* our fir/ ent]prise

 has br\ght u4   ,section #e  ,i c      
und]/& ! botani/ ?is aft]noon2 = once we
 are 9 ! same key4 ,my own m5tal temp]  
has gone = ! day1 & ,i "k :at x means to
 be untemp]$4 ,"h is a _w & a glori\s   
_w1 & x is = me to take hold ( x1 to h  
to d ) x1 "h & n[1 & behold6 ,i c only  
?9k t ,i am burnt & sc>r$1 & !re rankles
 t wret*$ piece ( bus9ess1 ! mean       
unimag9ative triumph ( my antagoni/---- 
,i wond] h[ _m m5 h any real fre$om (   
m9d1 are1 9 tru?1 unhamp]$ by su*       
associations1 to :om all t is great &   
noble 9 life does n1 at times at lea/1  
if n always1 seem second>y to obscure   
rivalries & consid]ations1 to ! petty   
hates t are l g]ms 9 ! blood1 to ! lu/ =
 self-ass]tion1 to dw>fi% pride1 to     
affections !y gave 9 pl$ge ev5 be=e !y 7
 m54  ,! botani/ beside me dreams1 ,i   
"k1 ( v9dications = t woman4  ,all ?is  
_w be=e u1 & its ord] & lib]ty1 are no m
 ?an a pa9t$ sc5e be=e :i* he is to meet
 ,h] at la/1 fre$ f t sc\ndrel4  ,he    
expects t sc\ndrel really to be pres5t  

&1 z x 71 wri?+ "u _! feet4444  ,i wond]
 if t man 0 a sc\ndrel4 ,he has gone    
wrong on e>?1 no d\bt1 has fail$ &      
deg5]at$1 b :at 0 x s5t him wrong8 ,0 8 
failure inh]5t1 or did "s net ( cross   
purposes tangle ab\t 8 feet8 ,suppose he
 is n a failure 9 ,utopia6444  ,i wond] 
t ?is has nev] ent]$ ! botani/'s head4  
,he1 ) 8 vagu] m9d1 c ov]look--spite (  
my ru?less rem9d]s--all t w\ld m> 8     
vague anticipations4 ,t1 too1 if ,i     
sugge/$ x1 he w\ld ov]come & disreg>d4  
,he has ! mo/ amaz+ p[] ( resi/ance to  
uncong5ial ideas2 amaz+ t is1 to me4 ,he
 hates ! idea ( meet+ 8 d\ble1 &        
consequ5tly s soon z ,i cease to speak (
 t1 ) sc>cely an ef=t ( 8 w1 x fades    
aga9 f 8 m9d4  ,d[n bel[ 9 ! g>d5s two  
*ildr5 pursue "o ano!r1 & "o1 ne>       
caught1 screams al\d & r\ses me f my    
rev]ie4  ,i foll[ _! little butt]fly    
antics until !y vani% beyond a ?icket ( 
fl[]+ rhodod5dra1 & !n my eyes g back to
 ! great facade ( ! ,univ]sity build+s4 
,b ,i am 9 no mood to criticise         

ar*itecture4  ,:y %\ld a mod]n ,utopia  
insi/ ^u slipp+ out ( ! h&s ( its       
creator & becom+ ! backgr\nd ( a p]sonal
 drama--( su* a silly little drama8  ,! 
botani/ w n see ,utopia 9 any o!r way4  
,he te/s x entirely by its reaction ^u !
 individual p]sons & ?+s he kn[s2 he    
dislikes x because he suspects x ( want+
 to le?al *amb] 8 aunt's de> old doggie1
 & n[ he is reconcil$ to x because a    
c]ta9 ,m>y looks mu* y\ng] & bett] "h   
?an %e did on e>?4 ,& "h am ,i1 ne>     
fall5 into ! same way ( deal+6  ,we     
agre$ to purge ?is ,/ate & all ! p 9 x (
 traditions1 associations1 bias1 laws1 &
 artificial entanglem5ts1 & beg9 anew2 b
 we h no p[] to lib]ate ourselves4 ,our 
pa/1 ev5 its accid5ts1 its accid5ts     
above all1 & ourselves1 are "o4         
,,*apt] ,,! ,,n9?  ,! ,samurai          
,section #a  ,nei!r my ,utopian d\ble   
nor ,i love emotion suffici5tly to      
cultivate x1 & my feel+s are 9 a /ate ( 
seemly subord9ation :5 we meet aga94 ,he
 is n[ 9 possession ( "s cle>1 g5]al    

ideas ab\t my own _w1 & ,i c broa* almo/
 at once ! ?\ghts t h be5 gr[+ &        
accumulat+ s9ce my arrival 9 ?is planet 
( my dreams4 ,we f9d our int]e/ 9 a     
humanis$ /ate-craft1 makes u1 9 spite ( 
our va/ diff]5ce 9 tra9+ & habits1      
curi\sly ak94  ,i put x to him t ,i came
 to ,utopia ) b v vague ideas ( ! me?od 
( gov]nm5t1 biass$1 p]haps1 a little 9  
fav\r ( c]ta9 electoral devices1 b = !  
re/ indet]m9ate1 & t ,i h come to       
p]ceive m & m cle>ly t ! l>ge intricacy 
( ,utopian organisation dem&s m p[]ful &
 effici5t me?od ( control ?an electoral 
me?ods c give4 ,i h come to di/+ui%     
among ! v>i$ co/umes & ! innum]able     
types ( p]sonality ,utopia pres5ts1     
c]ta9 m5 & wom5 ( a di/9ctive co/ume &  
be>+1 & ,i "k n[ t ^! p con/itute an    
ord]1 ! samurai1 ! volunt>y nobility1   
:i* is ess5tial 9 ! s*eme ( ! ,utopian  
,/ate4 ,i "k t ?is ord] is op5 to e     
physically & m5tally heal?y adult 9 !   
,utopian ,/ate :o w obs]ve its prescrib$
 au/]e rule ( liv+1 t mu* ( !           

responsible "w ( ! ,/ate is res]v$ = x1 
& ,i am incl9$ n[ at ! fir/ onset (     
realisation to reg>d x z f> m           
significant ?an x really is 9 ! ,utopian
 s*eme1 z be+1 inde$1 9 itself &        
completely ! ,utopian s*eme4 ,my        
pr$om9ant curiosity conc]ns !           
organisation ( ?is ord]4 ,z x has       
develop$ 9 my m9d1 x has rem9d$ me m & m
 closely ( t /range class ( gu>dians :i*
 con/itutes ! ess5tial sub/ance (       
,plato's ,republic1 & x is ) an implicit
 ref]5ce to ,plato's pr(\nd intuitions t
 ,i & my d\ble discuss ?is "q4  ,to     
cl>ify our comp>ison he tells me some?+ 
( ! hi/ory ( ,utopia1 & incid5tally x   
becomes necess>y to make a correction 9 
! assumptions ^u :i* ,i h bas$ my       
ent]prise4 ,we are assum+ a _w id5tical 
9 e respect ) ! real planet ,e>?1 except
 = ! pr(\nde/ diff]5ces 9 ! m5tal cont5t
 ( life4 ,?is implies a diff]5t         
lit]ature1 a diff]5t philosophy1 & a    
diff]5t hi/ory1 & s soon z ,i come to   
talk to him ,i f9d t ?\gh x rema9s      

unavoidable t we %\ld assume !          
correspond5ce ( ! two populations1 man =
 man--unless we w\ld face un?9kable     
complications--we mu/ assume also t a   
great succession ( p]sons ( extraord9>y 
"* & m5tal gifts1 :o on e>? di$ 9       
*ildhood or at bir?1 or :o nev] le>nt to
 read1 or :o liv$ & di$ amid/ savage or 
brutalis+ surr\nd+s t gave _! gifts no  
scope1 did 9 ,utopia enc\nt] happi]     
*ances1 & take up ! developm5t &        
application ( social !ory--f ! "t ( !   
fir/ ,utopi/s 9 a /eady onw>d progress  
d[n to ! pres5t h\r4 ,footnote3 ,"o     
might assume z an alt]native to ?is t   
amid/ ! f\r-fif?s ( ! ,greek lit]ature  
n[ lo/ to ! _w1 !re p]i%$1 neglect$1 "s 
book ( elem5t>y significance1 "s e>li]  
,novum ,organum1 t 9 ,utopia surviv$ to 
a*ieve ! pr(\nde/ consequ5ces4 ,!       
diff]5ces ( condition1 !re=e1 _h wid5$ )
 ea* successive ye>4 ,jesus ,*ri/ _h be5
 born into a lib]al & progressive ,roman
 ,empire t spread f ! ,arctic ,ocean to 
! ,bight ( ,b591 & 0 to "k no ,decl9e & 

,fall1 & ,mahomet1 in/ead ( embody+ !   
d5se prejudices ( ,arab ignorance1 op5$ 
8 eyes ^u an intellectual horizon       
already ne>ly z wide z ! _w4  ,& ?r\gh  
?is empire ! fl[ ( ?\ght1 ! fl[ (       
int5tion1 p\r$ always m abundantly4 ,!re
 7 w>s1 b !y 7 conclusive w>s t e/abli%$
 new & m p]man5t relations1 t swept     
aside ob/ructions1 & aboli%$ c5tres (   
decay2 !re 7 prejudices temp]$ to an    
ord]$ criticism1 & hatr$s t m]g$ at la/ 
9 tol]ant reactions4 ,x 0 sev]al hundr$ 
ye>s ago t ! great organisation ( !     
samurai came into its pres5t =m4 ,& x 0 
?is organisation's widely su/a9$        
activities t _h %ap$ & e/abli%$ ! ,_w   
,/ate 9 ,utopia4  ,?is organisation ( ! 
samurai 0 a q delib]ate inv5tion4 ,x    
arose 9 ! c\rse ( social & political    
tr\bles & complications1 analog\s to ^? 
( our own "t on e>?1 & 01 inde$1 ! la/ (
 a numb] ( political & religi\s         
exp]im5ts dat+ back to ! fir/ dawn (    
philosophical /ate-craft 9 ,greece4 ,t  
ha/y despair ( specialisation = gov]nm5t

 t gave our poor _w individualism1      
democratic lib]alism1 & an>*ism1 & t    
curi\s disreg>d ( ! fund ( en?usiasm &  
self-sacrifice 9 m51 :i* is ! fundam5tal
 weakness ( worldly economics1 d n appe>
 9 ! hi/ory ( ,utopian ?\ght4 ,all t    
hi/ory is p]vad$ ) ! recognition ( !    
fact t self-seek+ is no m ! :ole ( human
 life ?an ! satisfaction ( hung]2 t x is
 an ess5tial ( a man's exi/5ce no d\bt1 
& t "u /ress ( evil circum/ances x may z
 entirely obsess him z w\ld ! food hunt 
dur+ fam9e1 b t life may pass beyond to 
an illimitable _w ( emotions & ef=t4 ,e 
sane p]son consi/s ( possibilities      
beyond ! unavoidable ne$s1 is capable ( 
dis9t]e/$ feel+1 ev5 if x am\nts only to
 en?usiasm = a sport or an indu/rial    
employm5t well done1 = an art1 or = a   
locality or class4 ,9 our _w n[1 z 9 !  
,utopian pa/1 ?is imp]sonal en]gy ( a   
man goes out into religi\s emotion & "w1
 into patriotic ef=t1 into arti/ic      
en?usiasms1 into games & amateur        
employm5ts1 & an enorm\s proportion ( ! 

:ole _w's fund ( ef=t wa/es itself 9    
religi\s & political misund]/&+s &      
conflicts1 & 9 unsatisfy+ amusem5ts &   
unproductive occupations4 ,9 a mod]n    
,utopia !re w1 inde$1 be no p]fection2 9
 ,utopia !re mu/ also be friction1      
conflicts & wa/e1 b ! wa/e w be         
enorm\sly less ?an 9 our _w4 ,& !       
co-ord9ation ( activities ?is relatively
 small] wa/e w measure1 w be ! a*iev$   
end = :i* ! ord] ( ! samurai 0 fir/     
devis$4  ,inevitably su* an ord] mu/ h  
fir/ aris5 among a cla% ( social =ces & 
political sy/ems z a revolution>y       
organisation4 ,x mu/ h set be=e itself !
 atta9m5t ( "s su* ,utopian ideal z ?is 
mod]n ,utopia does1 9 ! key ( mortal    
imp]fection1 realise4 ,at fir/ x may h  
direct$ itself to rese>* & discussion1  
to ! elaboration ( its ideal1 to !      
discussion ( a plan ( campaign1 b at "s 
/age x mu/ h assum$ a m militant        
organisation1 & h prevail$ aga9/ &      
assimilat$ ! pre-exi/+ political        
organisations1 & to all int5ts &        

purposes h become ?is pres5t syn!sis$   
,_w ,/ate4 ,traces ( t militancy w\ld1  
!re=e1 p]vade x /ill1 & a campaign+     
quality--no long] aga9/ specific        
disord]s1 b aga9/ univ]sal human        
weaknesses1 & ! inanimate =ces t tr\ble 
man--/ill rema9 z its ess5tial quality4 
,some?+ ( ?is k9d1 ,i %\ld tell my      
d\ble1 _h aris5 9 our ?\ght--,i j]k my  
head back to indicate an inf9itely      
di/ant planet--j be=e ,i came ^u ^!     
explorations4 ,! idea _h rea*$ me1 =    
example1 ( some?+ to be call$ a ,new    
,republic1 :i* 0 to be 9 fact an        
organisation = revolution some?+ aft] ! 
fa%ion ( y\r samurai1 z ,i und]/&       
!m--only mo/ ( ! organisation & ! rule (
 life /ill rema9$ to be inv5t$4 ,all    
sorts ( p 7 ?9k+ ( some?+ 9 t way ab\t !
 "t ( my com+4 ,! idea1 z x rea*$ me1 0 
pretty crude 9 sev]al respects4 ,x      
ignor$ ! high possibility ( a syn!sis ( 
languages 9 ! future2 x came f a lit]>y 
man1 :o wrote only ,engli%1 &1 z ,i read
 him--he 0 a little vague 9 8           

proposals--x 0 to be a purely           
,engli%-speak+ movem5t4 ,& 8 ideas 7    
col\r$ too mu* by ! peculi> opportunism 
( 8 "t2 he seem$ to h m ?an half an eye 
= a pr9ce or a millionaire ( g5ius2 he  
seem$ look+ "h & !re = support & !      
/ructural elem5ts ( a p>ty4 ,/ill1 !    
idea ( a compreh5sive movem5t (         
disillusion$ & illum9at$ m5 beh9d ! %ams
 & patriotisms1 ! spites & p]sonalities 
( ! o/5sible _w 0 !re4  ,i add$ "s      
p>ticul>s4  ,our movem5t _h some?+ ( t  
_s 9 ! beg9n+1 said my ,utopian d\ble4  
,b :ile y\r m5 seem to be ?9k+          
disconnect$ly1 & ^u a v n>r[ & fragm5t>y
 basis ( accumulat$ conclusions1 ours _h
 a fairly compreh5sive sci5ce ( human   
association1 & a v c>eful analysis ( !  
failures ( prec$+ beg9n+s to draw ^u4   
,aft] all1 y\r _w mu/ be z full z ours 0
 ( ! wreckage & decay ( previ\s         
attempts2 *ur*es1 ari/ocracies1 ord]s1  
cults4444  ,only at pres5t we seem to h 
lo/ he>t altoge!r1 & n[ !re are no new  
religions1 no new ord]s1 no new         

cults--no beg9n+s any m4  ,b t's only a 
re/+ phase1 p]haps4 ,y 7 say+----       
,oh6--let t di/ressful planet alone = a 
"t6 ,tell me h[ y manage 9 ,utopia4     
,section #b  ,! social !ori/s ( ,utopia1
 my d\ble expla9$1 did n base _! s*emes 
^u ! classification ( m5 into lab\r &   
capital1 ! l&$ int]e/1 ! liquor trade1 &
 ! l4 ,!y e/eem$ ^! z accid5tal         
categories1 indef9itely am5able to      
/atesman%ip1 & !y look$ = "s practical &
 real classification ^u :i* to base     
organisation4 ,footnote3 ,9 t !y seem to
 h pr(it$ by a m se>*+ criticism ( e>ly 
social & political speculations ?an our 
e>? has yet und]tak54 ,! social         
speculations ( ! ,greeks1 = example1 _h 
j ! same prim>y defect z ! economic     
speculations ( ! eighte5? c5tury--!y    
began ) ! assumption t ! g5]al          
conditions ( ! preval5t /ate ( affairs 7
 p]man5t4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! assumption 
t m5 are unclassifiable1 because        
practically homog5e\s1 :i* und]lies     
mod]n democratic me?ods & all !         

fallacies ( our equal ju/ice1 is ev5 m  
ali5 to ! ,utopian m9d4 ,?r\gh\t ,utopia
 !re is1 ( c\rse1 no o!r ?an provisional
 classifications1 s9ce e be+ is reg>d$ z
 f9ally unique1 b = political & social  
purposes ?+s h long re/$ ^u a           
classification ( temp]am5ts1 :i* att5ds 
ma9ly to diff]5ces 9 ! range & quality &
 "* ( ! individual imag9ation4  ,?is    
,utopian classification 0 a r\gh "o1 b x
 s]v$ its purpose to det]m9e ! broad    
l9es ( political organisation2 x 0 s f> 
unsci5tific t _m individuals fall betwe5
 or )9 two or ev5 ?ree ( its classes4 ,b
 t 0 met by giv+ ! correlat$            
organisation a comp5satory loos5ess (   
play4 ,f\r ma9 classes ( m9d 7 di/+ui%$1
 call$1 respectively1 ! ,poietic1 !     
,k9etic1 ! ,dull1 & ! ,base4 ,! =m] two 
are suppos$ to con/itute ! liv+ tissue (
 ! ,/ate2 ! latt] are ! fulcra &        
resi/ances1 ! bone & cov] ( its body4   
,!y are n h]$it>y classes1 nor is !re   
any attempt to develop any class by     
special bre$+1 simply because !         

intricate int]play ( h]$ity is          
untraceable & incalculable4 ,!y are     
classes to :i* p drift ( _! own accord4 
,education is uni=m until diff]5tiation 
becomes unmi/akable1 & ea* man 7& woman7
 mu/ e/abli% 8 position ) reg>d to !    
l9es ( ?is ab/ract classification by 8  
own quality1 *oice1 & developm5t4444  ,!
 ,poietic or creative class ( m5tal     
individuality embraces a wide range (   
types1 b !y agree 9 possess+ imag9ations
 t range beyond ! kn[n & accept$1 & t   
involve ! desire to br+ ! discov]ies    
made 9 su* excursions1 into k &         
recognition4 ,! scope & direction ( !   
imag9ative excursion may v>y v greatly4 
,x may be ! inv5tion ( some?+ new or !  
discov]y ( some?+ hi!rto unp]ceiv$4 ,:5 
! inv5tion or discov]y is prim>ily      
beauty !n we h ! arti/ic type ( ,poietic
 m9d2 :5 x is n s1 we h ! true sci5tific
 man4 ,! range ( discov]y may be n>r[$ z
 x is 9 ! art ( ,:i/l] or ! sci5ce ( a  
cytologi/1 or x may embrace a wide ext5t
 ( relevance1 until at la/ bo? arti/ or 

sci5tific inquir] m]ge 9 ! univ]sal     
ref]5ce ( ! true philosoph]4 ,to !      
accumulat$ activities ( ! ,poietic type1
 react$ ^u by circum/ances1 are due     
almo/ all ! =ms assum$ by human ?\ght & 
feel+4 ,all religi\s ideas1 all ideas ( 
:at is good or beautiful1 ent]$ life    
?r\gh ! poietic inspirations ( man4     
,except = processes ( decay1 ! =ms ( !  
human future mu/ come also ?r\gh m5 (   
?is same type1 & x is a prim>y ess5tial 
to our mod]n idea ( an abundant secul>  
progress t ^! activities %\ld be        
unhamp]$ & /imulat$4  ,! ,k9etic class  
consi/s ( types1 v>i\s1 ( c\rse1 & m]g+ 
ins5sibly along ! b\nd>y into ! less    
repres5tative con/itu5ts ( ! ,poietic   
gr\p1 b di/+ui%$ by a m re/rict$ range (
 imag9ation4 ,_! imag9ations d n range  
beyond ! kn[n1 exp]i5c$1 & accept$1 ?\gh
 )9 ^! limits !y may imag9e z vividly or
 m vividly ?an memb]s ( ! =m] gr\p4 ,!y 
are (t5 v clev] & capable p1 b !y d n d1
 & !y d n desire to d1 new ?+s4 ,! m    
vigor\s individuals ( ?is class are !   

mo/ tea*able p 9 ! _w1 & !y are g5]ally 
m moral & m tru/wor?y ?an ! ,poietic    
types4 ,!y live1--:ile ! ,poietics are  
always some?+ ( exp]im5tali/s ) life4 ,!
 *>act]i/ics ( ei!r ( ^! two classes may
 be associat$ ) a good or bad physique1 
) excessive or defective en]gy1 )       
exceptional ke5ness ( ! s5ses 9 "s      
det]m9ate direction or su*-l b5t1 & !   
,k9etic type1 j z ! ,poietic type1 may  
display an imag9ation ( re/rict$ or ( ! 
mo/ univ]sal range4 ,b a fairly en]getic
 ,k9etic is probably ! ne>e/ ?+ to t    
ideal our e>?ly an?ropologi/s h 9 m9d :5
 !y speak ( ! ,normal human be+4 ,! v   
def9ition ( ! ,poietic class involves a 
c]ta9 abnormality4  ,! ,utopians        
di/+ui%$ two extremes ( ?is ,k9etic     
class accord+ to ! quality ( _!         
imag9ative pref]5ces1 ! ,dan & ,be]%eba1
 z x 71 ( ?is division4 ,at "o end is ! 
ma9ly intellectual1 unorig9al type1 :i*1
 ) en]gy ( p]sonality1 makes an         
admirable judge or adm9i/rator & )\t x  
an un9v5tive1 labori\s1 common          

ma!matician1 or common s*ol>1 or common 
sci5tific man2 :ile at ! o!r end is !   
ma9ly emotional1 unorig9al man1 ! type  
to :i*--at a l[ level ( p]sonal         
en]gy--my botani/ incl9es4 ,! second    
type includes1 amid/ its en]getic =ms1  
great actors1 & popul> politicians &    
prea*]s4 ,betwe5 ^! extremes is a long &
 wide region ( v>ieties1 into :i* "o    
w\ld put mo/ ( ! p :o =m ! reputable    
workm51 ! m5 ( sub/ance1 ! tru/wor?y m5 
& wom51 ! pill>s ( society on e>?4      
,bel[ ^! two classes 9 ! ,utopian s*eme 
( ?+s1 & m]g+ ins5sibly into !m1 come ! 
,dull4 ,! ,dull are p]sons ( altoge!r   
inadequate imag9ation1 ! p :o nev] seem 
to le>n ?or\ghly1 or he> di/9ctly1 or   
?9k cle>ly4 7,i believe if ev]yone is to
 be c>efully educat$ !y w\ld be         
consid]ably 9 ! m9ority 9 ! _w1 b x is q
 possible t w n be ! read]'s op9ion4 ,x 
is cle>ly a matt] ( an arbitr>y l9e47   
,!y are ! /upid p1 ! incompet5t p1 !    
=mal1 imitative p1 ! p :o1 9 any prop]ly
 organis$ ,/ate1 %\ld1 z a class1       

gravitate t[>ds & bel[ ! m9imum wage t  
qualifies = m>riage4 ,! laws ( h]$ity   
are f> too my/]i\s = su* (fspr+ z !y d  
produce to be exclud$ f a fair *ance 9 !
 _w1 b = !mselves1 !y c\nt nei!r = "w   
nor direction 9 ! ,/ate4  ,f9ally1 ) a  
bold disreg>d ( ! logician's            
classificatory rules1 ^! ,utopian       
/atesm5 :o devis$ ! ,_w ,/ate1 hew$ out 
9 !ory a class ( ! ,base4 ,! ,base may1 
inde$1 be ei!r poietic1 k9etic1 or dull1
 ?\gh mo/ commonly !y are ! la/1 & _!   
def9ition conc]ns n s mu* ! quality ( _!
 imag9ation z a c]ta9 bias 9 x1 t to a  
/atesman makes x a matt] = special      
att5tion4 ,! ,base h a n>r[] & m p]si/5t
 egoi/ic ref]5ce ?an ! common run (     
humanity2 !y may boa/1 b !y h no        
frankness2 !y h relatively great p[]s ( 
concealm5t1 & !y are capable (1 &       
sometimes h an aptitude & incl9ation    
t[>ds1 cruelty4 ,9 ! que] phras+ ( e>?ly
 psy*ology ) its clumsy avoidance (     
analysis1 !y h no moral s5se4 ,!y c\nt z
 an antagonism to ! ,/ate organisation4 

,obvi\sly1 ?is is ! rude/ (             
classifications1 & no ,utopian has ev]  
suppos$ x to be a classification =      
individual application1 a classification
 s precise t "o c say1 ?is man is       
poietic1 & t man is base4 ,9 actual     
exp]i5ce ^! qualities m+le & v>y 9 e    
possible way4 ,x is n a classification =
 ,tru?1 b a classification to an end4   
,tak+ humanity z a multitude ( unique   
individuals 9 mass1 "o may1 = practical 
purposes1 deal ) x f> m conv5i5tly by   
disreg>d+ its uniqu5esses & its mix$    
cases altoge!r1 & suppos+ x to be an    
assembly ( poietic1 k9etic1 dull1 & base
 p4 ,9 _m respects x behaves z if x 7 t4
 ,! ,/ate1 deal+ z x does only )        
non-individualis$ affairs1 is n only    
ju/ifi$ 9 disreg>d+1 b is b\nd to       
disreg>d1 a man's special di/9ction1 &  
to provide = him on ! /r5g? ( 8 preval5t
 aspect z be+ on ! :ole poietic1 k9etic1
 or :at n4 ,9 a _w ( ha/y judgm5ts &    
c>p+ criticism1 x _c be repeat$ too (t5 
t ! fundam5tal ideas ( a mod]n ,utopia  

imply ev]y:]e & 9 ev]y?+1 m>g9s &       
ela/icities1 a c]ta9 univ]sal           
comp5satory loos5ess ( play4   ,section 
#c  ,n[ ^! ,utopian /atesm5 :o f\nd$ !  
,_w ,/ate put ! problem ( social        
organisation 9 ! foll[+ fa%ion3--,to    
contrive a revolution>y movem5t t %all  
absorb all exi/+ gov]nm5ts & fuse !m )  
itself1 & t mu/ be rapidly progressive &
 adaptable1 & yet coh]5t1 p]si/5t1      
p[]ful1 & effici5t4  ,! problem ( comb9+
 progress ) political /ability _h nev]  
be5 accompli%$ 9 ,utopia be=e t "t1 any 
m ?an x has be5 accompli%$ on e>?4 ,j z 
on e>?1 ,utopian hi/ory 0 a succession (
 p[]s ris+ & fall+ 9 an alt]nation (    
effici5t cons]vative ) un/able lib]al   
,/ates4 ,j z on e>?1 s 9 ,utopia1 !     
k9etic type ( m5 _h display$ a m or less
 un9t5tional antagonism to ! poietic4 ,!
 g5]al life-hi/ory ( a ,/ate _h be5 !   
same on ei!r planet4 ,fir/1 ?r\gh       
poietic activities1 ! idea ( a community
 has develop$1 & ! ,/ate has %ap$       
itself2 poietic m5 h aris5 fir/ 9 ?is   

dep>tm5t ( national life1 & !n t1 & h   
giv5 place to k9etic m5 ( a high type--=
 x seems to be 9 _! nature t poietic m5 
%\ld be mutually repulsive1 & n succe$ &
 develop "o ano!r consecutively--& a    
p]iod ( expansion & vig\r has set 94 ,! 
g5]al poietic activity has decl9$ ) !   
developm5t ( an effici5t & settl$ social
 & political organisation2 ! /atesman   
has giv5 way to ! politician :o has     
incorporat$ ! wisdom ( ! /atesman ) 8   
own en]gy1 ! orig9al g5ius 9 arts1      
lett]s1 sci5ce1 & e dep>tm5t ( activity 
to ! cultivat$ & s*ol>ly man4 ,! k9etic 
man ( wide range1 :o has assimilat$ 8   
poietic pr$ecessor1 succe$s ) f> m      
read9ess ?an 8 poietic contempor>y 9    
almo/ e human activity4 ,! latt] is by 8
 v nature undiscipl9$ & exp]im5tal1 & is
 positively hamp]$ by prec$5ts & good   
ord]4 ,) ?is sub/itution ( ! effici5t = 
! creative type1 ! ,/ate ceases to gr[1 
fir/ 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( activity1 & !n 9  
t1 & s long z its conditions rema9 !    
same x rema9s ord]ly & effici5t4 ,b x   

has lo/ its p[] ( initiative & *ange2   
its p[] ( adaptation is gone1 & ) t     
secul> *ange ( conditions :i* is ! law (
 life1 /resses mu/ arise )9 & )\t1 & br+
 at la/ ei!r ?r\gh revolution or ?r\gh  
defeat ! release ( fre% poietic p[]4 ,! 
process1 ( c\rse1 is n 9 its entirety   
simple2 x may be mask$ by ! fact t "o   
dep>tm5t ( activity may be 9 its poietic
 /age1 :ile ano!r is 9 a phase (        
realisation4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates (       
,am]ica1 = example1 dur+ ! n9ete5?      
c5tury1 !re 0 great poietic activity 9  
indu/rial organisation1 & none :atev] 9 
political philosophy2 b a c>eful        
analysis ( ! hi/ory ( any p]iod w %[ !  
rhy?m almo/ inv>iably pres5t1 & !       
initial problem be=e ! ,utopian         
philosoph]1 !re=e1 0 :e!r ?is 0 an      
inevitable alt]nation1 :e!r human       
progress 0 necess>ily a s]ies (         
developm5ts1 collapses1 & fre% beg9n+s1 
aft] an int]val ( disord]1 unre/1 & (t5 
great unhapp9ess1 or :e!r x 0 possible  
to ma9ta9 a secure1 happy1 & progressive

 ,/ate beside an unbrok5 fl[ ( poietic  
activity4  ,cle>ly !y decid$ ^u ! second
 alt]native4 ,if1 inde$1 ,i am li/5+ to 
my ,utopian self1 !n !y n only decid$ ! 
problem c\ld be solv$1 b !y solv$ x4    
,he tells me h[ !y solv$ x4  ,a mod]n   
,utopia diff]s f all ! old] ,utopias 9  
its recognition ( ! ne$ ( poietic       
activities--"o sees ?is new consid]ation
 creep+ into ?\ght = ! fir/ "t 9 !      
phras+ ( ,comte's insi/5ce t spiritual  
mu/ prec$e political recon/ruction1 & 9 
8 admission ( ! necessity ( recurr5t    
books & poems ab\t ,utopias--& at fir/  
?is recognition appe>s to admit only an 
add$ complication to a problem already  
unmanageably complex4 ,comte's sep>ation
 ( ! activities ( a ,/ate into !        
spiritual & mat]ial does1 to a c]ta9    
ext5t1 anticipate ?is opposition (      
poietic & k9etic1 b ! intimate texture (
 8 m9d 0 dull & h>d1 ! conception slipp$
 f him aga91 & 8 suppression ( lit]>y   
activities1 & 8 imposition ( a rule (   
life ^u ! poietic types1 :o are lea/    

able to su/a9 x1 m>k h[ deeply he w5t   
"u4 ,to a l>ge ext5t he foll[$ ! old]   
,utopi/s 9 assum+ t ! philosophical &   
con/ructive problem c\ld be done once = 
all1 & he work$ ! results out simply "u 
an organis$ k9etic gov]nm5t4 ,b :at     
seems to be m]ely an addition to !      
difficulty may 9 ! end turn out to be a 
simplification1 j z ! introduction ( a  
fre% t]m to an intricate irr$ucible     
ma!matical expression w at times br+ x  
to unity4  ,n[ philosoph]s aft] my      
,utopian patt]n1 :o f9d ! ultimate      
significance 9 life 9 individuality1    
novelty & ! undef9$1 w\ld n only reg>d !
 poietic elem5t z ! mo/ important 9     
human society1 b w\ld p]ceive q cle>ly !
 impossibility ( its organisation4 ,?is1
 inde$1 is simply ! application to !    
moral & intellectual fabric ( !         
pr9ciples already appli$ 9 discuss+ !   
,/ate control ( reproduction 79 ,*apt] !
 ,six?1 section #b74 ,b j z 9 ! case (  
bir?s x 0 possible = ! ,/ate to frame   
limit+ conditions )9 :i* individuality  

plays m freely ?an 9 ! void1 s ! f\nd]s 
( ?is mod]n ,utopia believ$ x possible  
to def9e conditions "u :i* e individual 
born ) poietic gifts %\ld be enabl$ &   
enc\rag$ to give !m a full developm5t1 9
 art1 philosophy1 inv5tion1 or discov]y4
 ,c]ta9 g5]al conditions pres5t$        
!mselves z obvi\sly reasonable3--to give
 e citiz5 z good an education z he or %e
 c\ld acquire1 = example2 to s frame x t
 ! direct$ educational process w\ld nev]
 at any p]iod occupy ! :ole available "t
 ( ! le>n]1 b w\ld provide ?r\gh\t a    
m>g9al free leisure ) opportunities =   
develop+ idiosyncrasies1 & to ensure by 
! exp$i5t ( a m9imum wage = a specifi$  
am\nt ( "w1 t leisure & opportunity did 
n cease ?r\gh\t life4  ,b1 9 addition to
 ?us mak+ poietic activities univ]sally 
possible1 ! f\nd]s ( ?is mod]n ,utopia  
s\ght to supply inc5tives1 :i* 0 an     
altoge!r m difficult rese>*1 a problem 9
 its nature irresolvably complex1 &     
admitt+ ( no sy/ematic solution4 ,b my  
d\ble told me ( a great v>iety ( devices

 by :i* poietic m5 & wom5 7 giv5 hon\r &
 enl>g$ fre$oms1 s soon z !y produc$ an 
e>ne/ ( _! quality1 & he expla9$ to me  
h[ great an ambition !y might ent]ta94  
,!re 7 great sy/ems ( laboratories      
atta*$ to e municipal =ce /ation at :i* 
rese>* c\ld be conduct$ "u ! mo/        
fav\rable conditions1 & e m9e1 &1 inde$1
 almo/ e great indu/rial e/abli%m5t1 0  
saddl$ "u its lease ) simil>            
obligations4 ,s mu* = poietic ability & 
rese>* 9 physical sci5ce4 ,! ,_w ,/ate  
tri$ ! claims ( e liv+ contributor to   
any mat]ially valuable inv5tion1 & paid 
or *>g$ a royalty on its use t w5t p>tly
 to him p]sonally1 & p>tly to ! rese>*  
in/itution t _h produc$ him4 ,9 ! matt] 
( lit]ature & ! philosophical &         
sociological sci5ces1 e high]           
educational e/abli%m5t c>ri$ its        
/ud5t%ips1 its fell[%ips1 its occasional
 lecture%ips1 & to produce a poem1 a    
novel1 a speculative "w ( =ce or m]it1 0
 to become ! object ( a g5]\s           
competition betwe5 rival ,univ]sities4  

,9 ,utopia1 any au?or has ! option ei!r 
( publi%+ 8 works ?r\gh ! public        
booksell] z a private speculation1 or1  
if he is ( suffici5t m]it1 ( accept+ a  
,univ]sity end[m5t & conc$+ 8 copyright 
to ! ,univ]sity press4 ,all sorts (     
grants 9 ! h&s ( committees ( ! mo/ v>i$
 con/itution1 supplem5t$ ^! academic    
res\rces1 & ensur$ t no possible        
contributor to ! wide fl[ ( ! ,utopian  
m9d slipp$ into neglect4 ,ap>t f ^? :o  
engag$ ma9ly 9 tea*+ & adm9i/ration1 my 
d\ble told me t ! _w-wide ,h\se (       
,saloman ,footnote3 ,! ,new ,atlantis4  
?us creat$ su/a9$ ov] a million m54 ,=  
all ! r>ity ( l>ge =tunes1 !re=e1 no    
orig9al man ) ! desire & capacity =     
mat]ial or m5tal exp]im5ts w5t long )\t 
res\rces & ! /imulus ( att5tion1        
criticism1 & rivalry4  ,& f9ally1 said  
my d\ble1 our ,rules ensure a           
consid]able und]/&+ ( ! importance (    
poietic activities 9 ! majority ( !     
samurai1 9 ^: h&s z a class all ! real  
p[] ( ! _w resides4  ,ah6 said ,i1 & n[ 

we come to ! ?+ t int]e/s me mo/4 ,= x  
is q cle>1 9 my m9d1 t ^! samurai =m !  
real body ( ! ,/ate4 ,all ?is "t t ,i h 
sp5t go+ to & fro 9 ?is planet1 x has   
be5 gr[+ ^u me t ?is ord] ( m5 & wom51  
we>+ su* a uni=m z y we>1 & ) faces     
/r5g!n$ by discipl9e & t\*$ ) devotion1 
is ! ,utopian reality2 b t = !m1 ! :ole 
fabric ( ^! fair appe>ances w\ld crumble
 & t>ni%1 %r9k & %rivel1 until at la/1  
back ,i %\ld be amid/ ! grime & disord]s
 ( ! life ( e>?4 ,tell me ab\t ^!       
samurai1 :o rem9d me ( ,plato's         
gu>dians1 :o look l ,knights ,templ>s1  
:o be> a "n t recalls ! swordsm5 (      
,japan 444 & ^: uni=m y y\rself are     
we>+4 ,:at are !y8 ,are !y an h]$it>y   
ca/e1 a specially educat$ ord]1 an      
elect$ class8 ,=1 c]ta9ly1 ?is _w turns 
^u !m z a door ^u its h+es4   ,section  
#d  ,i foll[ ! ,common ,rule1 z _m m5 d1
 said my d\ble1 answ]+ my allusion to 8 
uni=m almo/ apologetically4 ,b my own "w
 is1 9 its nature1 poietic2 !re is mu*  
dissatisfaction ) our isolation (       

crim9als ^u isl&s1 & ,i am analys+ !    
psy*ology ( prison (ficials & crim9als 9
 g5]al ) a view to "s bett] s*eme4 ,i am
 suppos$ to be +5i\s ) exp$i5ts 9 ?is   
direction4 ,typically1 ! samurai are    
engag$ 9 adm9i/rative "w4 ,practically !
 :ole ( ! responsible rule ( ! _w is 9  
_! h&s2 all our head tea*]s & discipl9>y
 heads ( colleges1 our judges1 b>ri/]s1 
employ]s ( lab\r beyond a c]ta9 limit1  
practis+ m$ical m51 legislators1 mu/ be 
samurai1 & all ! executive committees1 &
 s =?1 t play s l>ge a "p 9 our affairs 
are drawn by lot exclusively f !m4 ,!   
ord] is n h]$it>y--we "k j en\gh (      
biology & ! unc]ta9ties ( inh]itance to 
"k h[ silly t w\ld be--& x does n       
require an e>ly consecration or         
novitiate or c]emonies & initiations ( t
 sort4 ,! samurai are1 9 fact1          
volunte]s4 ,any intellig5t adult 9 a    
reasonably heal?y & effici5t /ate may1  
at any age aft] five-&-tw5ty1 become "o 
( ! samurai1 & take a h& 9 ! univ]sal   
control4  ,provid$ he foll[s ! ,rule4   

,precisely--provid$ he foll[s ! ,rule4  
,i h he>d ! phrase1 'volunt>y nobility4'
  ,t 0 ! idea ( our ,f\nd]s4 ,!y made a 
noble & privileg$ ord]--op5 to ! :ole   
_w4 ,no "o c\ld compla9 ( an unju/      
exclusion1 = ! only ?+ t c\ld exclude f 
! ord] 0 unwill+ness or inability to    
foll[ ! ,rule4  ,b ! ,rule might easily 
h be5 made exclusive ( special l9eages &
 races4  ,t wasn't _! int5tion4 ,! ,rule
 0 plann$ to exclude ! dull1 to be      
unattractive to ! base1 & to direct &   
co-ord9ate all s\nd citiz5s ( good      
int5t4  ,& x has succe$$8  ,z well z    
any?+ f9ite c4 ,life is /ill imp]fect1  
/ill a ?ick felt ( dissatisfactions &   
p]plex+ problems1 b mo/ c]ta9ly !       
quality ( all its problems has be5      
rais$1 & !re has be5 no w>1 no gr9d+    
pov]ty1 n half ! disease1 & an enorm\s  
increase ( ! ord]1 beauty1 & res\rces ( 
life s9ce ! samurai1 :o began z a       
private aggressive cult1 won _! way to !
 rule ( ! _w4  ,i w\ld l to h t hi/ory1 
,i said4 ,i expect !re 0 fight+8 ,he    

nodd$4 ,b fir/--tell me ab\t ! ,rule4   
,! ,rule aims to exclude ! dull & base  
altoge!r1 to discipl9e ! impulses &     
emotions1 to develop a moral habit &    
su/a9 a man 9 p]iods ( /ress1 fatigue1 &
 temptation1 to produce ! maximum       
co-op]ation ( all m5 ( good int5t1 &1 9 
fact1 to keep all ! samurai 9 a /ate (  
moral & bodily heal? & effici5cy4 ,x    
does z mu* ( ?is z well z x c1 b1 (     
c\rse1 l all g5]al propositions1 x does 
n d x 9 any case ) absolute precision4  
,on ! :ole1 x is s good t mo/ m5 :o1 l  
myself1 are do+ poietic "w1 & :o w\ld be
 j z well (f )\t ob$i5ce1 f9d a         
satisfaction 9 adhesion4 ,at fir/1 9 !  
militant days1 x 0 a trifle h>d &       
uncompromis+2 x _h r too /rong an appeal
 to ! moral prig & h>%ly righte\s man1 b
 x has und]gone1 & /ill und]goes1       
revision & expansion1 & e ye> x becomes 
a little bett] adapt$ to ! ne$ ( a g5]al
 rule ( life t all m5 may try to foll[4 
,we h n[ a :ole lit]ature1 ) _m v f9e   
?+s 9 x1 writt5 ab\t ! ,rule4  ,he      

glanc$ at a little book on 8 desk1 took 
x up z if to %[ x me1 !n put x d[n aga94
  ,! ,rule consi/s ( ?ree p>ts2 !re is !
 li/ ( ?+s t qualify1 ! li/ ( ?+s t mu/ 
n be done1 & ! li/ ( ?+s t mu/ be done4 
,qualification exacts a little ex]tion1 
z evid5ce ( good fai?1 & x is design$ to
 we$ out ! dull] dull & _m ( ! base4    
,our s*ool+ p]iod ends n[ ab\t f\rte51 &
 a small numb] ( boys & girls--ab\t ?ree
 p] c5t4--are set aside !n z untea*able1
 z1 9 fact1 ne>ly idiotic2 ! re/ g on to
 a college or upp] s*ool4  ,all y\r     
population8  ,) t exception4  ,free8  ,(
 c\rse4 ,& !y pass out ( college at     
eighte54 ,!re are sev]al diff]5t college
 c\rses1 b "o or o!r mu/ be foll[$ & a  
satisfactory exam9ation pass$ at !      
end--p]haps t5 p] c5t4 fail--& ! ,rule  
requires t ! c&idate = ! samurai mu/ h  
pass$4  ,b a v good man is sometimes an 
idle s*oolboy4  ,we admit t4 ,& s anyone
 :o has fail$ to pass ! college leav+   
exam9ation may at any "t 9 lat] life sit
 = x aga9--& aga9 & aga94 ,c]ta9        

c>efully specifi$ ?+s excuse x altoge!r4
  ,t makes x fair4 ,b ar5't !re p :o _c 
pass exam9ations8  ,p ( n]v\s           
in/ability----  ,b !y may be p ( great  
?\gh irregul> poietic gifts4  ,exactly4 
,t is q possible4 ,b we don't want t    
sort ( p among our samurai4 ,pass+ an   
exam9ation is a pro( ( a c]ta9 /ead9ess 
( purpose1 a c]ta9 self-control &       
submission----  ,( a c]ta9 'ord9>9ess4' 
,exactly :at is want$4  ,( c\rse1 ^?    
o!rs c foll[ o!r c>e]s4  ,yes4 ,t's :at 
we want !m to d4 ,&1 besides ^! two     
educational qualifications1 !re are two 
o!rs ( a simil> k9d ( m debateable      
value4 ,"o is practically n 9 op]ation  
n[4 ,our ,f\nd]s put x t a c&idate = !  
samurai mu/ possess :at !y call$ a      
,te*nique1 &1 z x op]at$ 9 ! beg9n+1 he 
_h to hold ! qualification = a doctor1 =
 a lawy]1 = a milit>y (fic]1 or an      
eng9e]1 or tea*]1 or h pa9t$ acceptable 
pictures1 or writt5 a book1 or some?+ ( 
! sort4 ,he _h1 9 fact1 z p say1 to 'be 
some?+1' or to h 'done some?+4' ,x 0 a  

regulation ( vague int5tion ev5 9 !     
beg9n+1 & x became ca?olic to ! pit* (  
absurdity4 ,to play a viol9 skilfully   
has be5 accept$ z suffici5t = ?is       
qualification4 ,!re may h be5 a reason 9
 ! pa/ = ?is provision2 9 ^? days !re 7 
_m daught]s ( prosp]\s p>5ts--& ev5 "s  
sons--:o did no?+ :atev] b idle         
un9t]e/+ly 9 ! _w1 & ! organisation     
might h suff]$ by _! invasion1 b t      
reason has gone n[1 & ! requirem5t      
rema9s a m]ely c]emonial requirem5t4 ,b1
 on ! o!r h&1 ano!r has develop$4 ,our  
,f\nd]s made a collection ( sev]al      
volumes1 :i* !y call$1 collectively1 !  
,book ( ! ,samurai1 a compilation (     
articles & extracts1 poems & prose      
pieces1 :i* 7 suppos$ to embody ! idea (
 ! ord]4 ,x 0 to play ! "p = ! samurai t
 ! ,bible did = ! anci5t ,hebrews4 ,to  
tell y ! tru?1 ! /uff 0 ( v unequal     
m]it2 !re 0 a lot ( v second-rate       
rhetoric1 & "s ne>ly namby-pamby v]se4  
,!re 0 also includ$ "s v obscure v]se & 
prose t _h ! trick ( seem+ wise4 ,b =   

all su* defects1 mu* ( ! ,book1 f ! v   
beg9n+1 0 spl5did & inspir+ matt]4 ,f t 
"t to ?is1 ! ,book ( ! ,samurai has be5 
"u revision1 mu* has be5 add$1 mu*      
reject$1 & "s delib]ately rewritt54 ,n[1
 !re is h>dly any?+ 9 x t is n beautiful
 & p]fect 9 =m4 ,! :ole range ( noble   
emotions f9ds expression !re1 & all !   
guid+ ideas ( our ,mod]n ,/ate4 ,we h   
rec5tly admitt$ "s t]se criticism ( its 
cont5ts by a man nam$ ,h5ley4  ,old     
,h5ley6  ,a man :o di$ a little "t ago4 
,i knew t man on e>?4 ,& he 0 9 ,utopia1
 too6 ,he 0 a great r$-fac$ man1 ) fi]y 
hair1 a noisy1 intol]ant mak] ( enemies1
 ) a t5d] he>t--& he 0 "o ( ! samurai8  
,he defi$ ! ,rules4  ,he 0 a great man )
 w9e4 ,he wrote l w9e2 9 our _w he wrote
 w9e2 r$ w9e ) ! light %9+ ?r\gh4  ,he 0
 on ! ,committee t revis$ our ,canon4 ,=
 ! revis+ & brac+ ( our ,canon is "w =  
poietic z well z k9etic m54 ,y knew him 
9 y\r _w8  ,i wi% ,i _h4 ,b ,i h se5    
him4 ,on e>? he wrote a ?+ 444 x w\ld   
run--    ,out ( ! night t cov]s me1     

,black z ! pit f pole to pole1    ,i    
?ank :atev] ,gods may be1      ,= my    
unconqu]able s\l4444  ,we h t "h4 ,all  
good e>?ly ?+s are 9 ,utopia also4 ,we  
put t 9 ! ,canon almo/ z soon z he di$1 
said my d\ble4   ,section #e  ,we h n[ a
 d\ble ,canon1 a v f9e ,fir/ ,canon1 & a
 ,second ,canon ( "w by liv+ m5 & "w (  
inf]ior quality1 & a satisfactory k (   
bo? ( ^! is ! f\r? intellectual         
qualification = ! samurai4  ,x mu/ keep 
a sort ( uni=mity 9 y\r tone ( ?\ght4   
,! ,canon p]vades our :ole _w4 ,z a     
matt] ( fact1 v mu* ( x is read & le>nt 
9 ! s*ools4444 ,next to ! intellectual  
qualification comes ! physical1 ! man   
mu/ be 9 s\nd heal?1 free f c]ta9 f\l1  
avoidable1 & demoralis+ diseases1 & 9   
good tra9+4 ,we reject m5 :o are fat1 or
 ?9 & flabby1 or ^: n]ves are %aky--we  
ref] !m back to tra9+4 ,& f9ally ! man  
or woman mu/ be fully adult4  ,tw5ty-"o8
 ,b y said tw5ty-five6  ,! age has v>i$4
 ,at fir/ x 0 tw5ty-five or ov]2 !n !   
m9imum became tw5ty-five = m5 & tw5ty-"o

 = wom54 ,n[ !re is a feel+ t x ought to
 be rais$4 ,we don't want to take       
advantage ( m]e boy & girl emotions--m5 
( my way ( ?9k+1 at any rate1 don't--we 
want to get our samurai ) exp]i5ces1 ) a
 settl$ mature conviction4 ,our hygi5e &
 regim5 are rapidly pu%+ back old age & 
dea?1 & keep+ m5 hale & he>ty to eighty 
& m4 ,!re's no ne$ to hurry ! "y4 ,let  
!m h a *ance ( w9e1 love1 & song2 let !m
 feel ! bite ( full-bodi$ desire1 & "k  
:at devils !y h to reckon )4  ,b !re is 
a c]ta9 f9e sort ( y\? t kn[s !         
desirability ( ! bett] ?+s at n9ete54   
,!y may keep ! ,rule at any "t--)\t its 
privileges4 ,b a man :o breaks ! ,rule  
aft] 8 adult adhesion at five-&-tw5ty is
 no m 9 ! samurai = ev]4 ,be=e t age he 
is free to break x & rep5t4  ,& n[1 :at 
is =bidd58  ,we =bid a good deal4 ,_m   
small pleasures d no great h>m1 b we ?9k
 x well to =bid !m1 none ! less1 s t we 
c we$ out ! self-indulg5t4 ,we ?9k t a  
con/ant resi/ance to little s$uctions is
 good = a man's quality4 ,at any rate1 x

 %[s t a man is prep>$ to pay some?+ = 8
 hon\r & privileges4 ,we prescribe a    
regim5 ( food1 =bid tobacco1 w9e1 or any
 alcoholic dr9k1 all n>cotic drugs----  
,meat8  ,9 all ! r\nd _w ( ,utopia !re  
is no meat4 ,!re us$ to be4 ,b n[ we _c 
/& ! ?\ght ( slaught]-h\ses4 ,&1 9 a    
population t is all educat$1 & at ab\t !
 same level ( physical ref9em5t1 x is   
practically impossible to f9d anyone :o 
w hew a dead ox or pig4 ,we nev] settl$ 
! hygi5ic "q ( meat-eat+ at all4 ,?is   
o!r aspect decid$ u4 ,i c /ill rememb]1 
z a boy1 ! rejoic+s ov] ! clos+ ( ! la/ 
slaught]-h\se4  ,y eat fi%4  ,x isn't a 
matt] ( logic4 ,9 our b>b>ic pa/        
horrible flay$ c>cases ( brutes dripp+  
blood1 7 hung = sale 9 ! public /reets4 
,he %rugg$ 8 %\ld]s4  ,!y d t /ill 9    
,london--9 my _w1 ,i said4  ,he look$   
aga9 at my lax]1 co>s] face1 & did n say
 :atev] ?\ght _h pass$ across 8 m9d4    
,orig9ally ! samurai 7 =bidd5 usury1 t  
is to say ! l5d+ ( money at fix$ rates (
 int]e/4 ,!y are /ill "u t int]diction1 

b s9ce our comm]cial code practically   
prev5ts usury altoge!r1 & our law w n   
recognise contracts = int]e/ ^u private 
accommodation loans to unprosp]\s       
borr[]s1 x is n[ sc>cely necess>y4 ,!   
idea ( a man gr[+ ri*] by m]e inaction &
 at ! exp5se ( an impov]i%+ debtor1 is  
pr(\ndly di/a/eful to ,utopian ideas1 & 
our ,/ate insi/s pretty effectually n[  
^u ! p>ticipation ( ! l5d] 9 ! borr[]'s 
risks4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is only "o "p ( a   
s]ies ( limitations ( ! same "*4 ,x is  
felt t to buy simply 9 ord] to sell aga9
 br+s out _m unsocial human qualities2 x
 makes a man seek to enhance pr(its &   
falsify values1 & s ! samurai are =bidd5
 to buy to sell on _! own acc\nt or =   
any employ] save ! ,/ate1 unless "s     
process ( manufacture *anges ! nature ( 
! commodity 7a m]e *ange 9 bulk or pack+
 does n suffice71 & !y are =bidd5       
salesman%ip & all its arts4 ,consequ5tly
 !y _c be hotel-keep]s1 or hotel        
proprietors1 or hotel %>ehold]s1 & a    
doctor--all practis+ doctors mu/ be     

samurai--_c sell drugs except z a public
 s]vant ( ! municipality or ! ,/ate4    
,t1 ( c\rse1 runs c\nt] to all our      
curr5t t]re/rial ideas1 ,i said4 ,we are
 obsess$ by ! p[] ( money4 ,^! rules w  
"w out z a v[ ( mod]ate pov]ty1 & if y\r
 samurai are an ord] ( poor m5----  ,!y 
ne$ n be4 ,samurai :o h inv5t$1         
organis$1 & develop$ new indu/ries1 h   
become ri* m51 & _m m5 :o h gr[n ri* by 
brilliant & orig9al trad+ h subsequ5tly 
become samurai4  ,b ^! are exceptional  
cases4 ,! bulk ( y\r money-mak+ bus9ess 
mu/ be conf9$ to m5 :o are n samurai4 ,y
 mu/ h a class ( ri*1 p[]ful            
outsid]s----  ,h we8  ,i don't see !    
evid5ces ( !m4  ,z a matt] ( fact1 we h 
su* p6 ,!re are ri* trad]s1 m5 :o h made
 discov]ies 9 ! economy ( di/ribution1  
or :o h call$ att5tion by intellig5t1   
tru?ful adv]tisem5t to ! possibilities (
 neglect$ commodities1 = example4  ,b   
ar5't !y a p[]8  ,:y %\ld !y be8  ,weal?
 is p[]4  ,i _h to expla9 t phrase4  ,he
 prote/$4 ,weal?1 he said1 is no sort ( 

p[] at all unless y make x "o4 ,if x is 
s 9 y\r _w x is s by inadv]t5cy4 ,weal? 
is a ,/ate-made ?+1 a conv5tion1 ! mo/  
artificial ( p[]s4 ,y c1 by subtle      
/atesman%ip1 contrive :at x %all buy &  
:at x %all n4 ,9 y\r _w x w\ld seem y h 
made leisure1 movem5t1 any sort (       
fre$om1 life itself1 pur*aseable4 ,! m  
fools y6 ,a poor work+ man ) y is a man 
9 discom=t & fe>4 ,no wond] y\r ri* h   
p[]4 ,b "h a reasonable leisure1 a dec5t
 life1 is to be _h by e man on easi]    
t]ms ?an by sell+ himself to ! ri*4 ,&  
ri* z m5 are "h1 !re is no private =tune
 9 ! :ole _w t is m ?an a little ?+     
beside ! weal? ( ! ,/ate4 ,! samurai    
control ! ,/ate & ! weal? ( ! ,/ate1 &  
by _! v[s !y may n avail !mselves ( any 
( ! co>s] pleasures weal? c /ill buy4   
,:]e1 !n1 is ! p[] ( y\r weal?y man8    
,b1 !n--:]e is ! inc5tive----8  ,oh6 a  
man gets ?+s = himself ) weal?--no end (
 ?+s4 ,b little or no p[] ov] 8         
fell[s--unless !y are exceptionally weak
 or self-indulg5t p]sons4  ,i reflect$4 

,:at else may n ! samurai d8  ,act+1    
s++1 or recit+ are =bidd5 !m1 ?\gh !y   
may lecture au?oritatively or debate4 ,b
 pr(essional mimicry is n only held to  
be undignifi$ 9 a man or woman1 b to    
weak5 & corrupt ! s\l2 ! m9d becomes    
fooli%ly dep5d5t on applause1           
ov]-skilful 9 produc+ tawdry & mom5t>y  
illusions ( excell5ce2 x is our exp]i5ce
 t actors & actresses z a class are l\d1
 ignoble1 & ins9c]e4 ,if !y h n su*     
flamboyant qualities !n !y are tepid &  
ineffectual play]s4 ,nor may ! samurai d
 p]sonal s]vices1 except 9 ! matt] (    
m$ic9e or surg]y2 !y may n be b>b]s1 =  
example1 nor inn wait]s1 nor boot       
clean]s4 ,b1 n[adays1 we h sc>cely any  
b>b]s or boot clean]s2 m5 d ^! ?+s =    
!mselves4 ,nor may a man "u ! ,rule be  
any man's s]vant1 pl$g$ to d :atev] he  
is told4 ,he may nei!r be a s]vant nor  
keep "o2 he mu/ %ave & dress & s]ve     
himself1 c>ry 8 own food f ! help]'s    
place to ! table1 r$d 8 sleep+ room1 &  
leave x clean4444  ,t is all easy en\gh 

9 a _w z ord]$ z y\rs4 ,i suppose no    
samurai may bet8  ,absolutely n4 ,he may
 insure 8 life & 8 old age = ! bett]    
equipm5t ( 8 *ildr51 or = c]ta9 o!r     
specifi$ ends1 b t is all 8 deal+s )    
*ance4 ,& he is also =bidd5 to play     
games 9 public or to wat* !m be+ play$4 
,c]ta9 dang]\s & h>dy sports & ex]cises 
are prescrib$ = him1 b n competitive    
sports betwe5 man & man or side & side4 
,t lesson 0 le>nt long ago be=e ! com+ (
 ! samurai4 ,g5tlem5 ( hon\r1 accord+ to
 ! old /&>ds1 rode horses1 rac$ *>iots1 
f\ght1 & play$ competitive games (      
skill1 & ! dull1 c[>dly & base came 9   
?\s&s to admire1 & h[l1 & bet4 ,!       
g5tlem5 ( hon\r deg5]at$ fa/ en\gh into 
a sort ( a?letic pro/itute1 ) all !     
defects1 all ! vanity1 trick]y1 &       
self-ass]tion ( ! common actor1 & ) ev5 
less intellig5ce4 ,our ,f\nd]s made no  
peace ) ?is organisation ( public       
sports4 ,!y did n sp5d _! lives to      
secure = all m5 & wom5 on ! e>? fre$om1 
heal?1 & leisure1 9 ord] t !y might wa/e

 lives 9 su* folly4  ,we h ^? abuses1 ,i
 said1 b "s ( our e>?ly games h a f9e   
side4 ,!re is a game call$ cricket4 ,x  
is a f9e1 g5]\s game4  ,our boys play t1
 & m5 too4 ,b x is ?\ght r pu]ile to    
give v mu* "t to x2 m5 %\ld h grav]     
int]e/s4 ,x 0 undignifi$ & unpleasant = 
! samurai to play conspicu\sly ill1 &   
impossible = !m to play s con/antly z to
 keep h& & eye 9 tra9+ aga9/ ! man :o 0 
fool en\gh & *eap en\gh to become an    
exp]t4 ,cricket1 t5nis1 fives1          
billi>ds----4 ,y w f9d clubs & a class (
 m5 to play all ^! ?+s 9 ,utopia1 b n ! 
samurai4 ,& !y mu/ play _! games z      
games1 n z displays2 ! price ( a privacy
 = play+ cricket1 s t !y c\ld *>ge =    
admission1 w\ld be ov]:elm+ly high4444  
,negroes are (t5 v clev] at cricket4 ,= 
a "t1 mo/ ( ! samurai _h _! sword-play1 
b few d ^? ex]cises n[1 & until ab\t    
fifty ye>s ago !y w5t out = milit>y     
tra9+1 a =tnight 9 e ye>1 m>*+ long     
di/ances1 sleep+ 9 ! op51 c>ry+         
provisions1 & %am fight+ ov] unfamili>  

gr\nd dott$ ) disappe>+ t>gets4 ,!re 0 a
 curi\s inability 9 our _w to realise t 
w> 0 really ov] = good & all4  ,& n[1 ,i
 said1 hav5't we got v ne>ly to ! end ( 
y\r prohibitions8 ,y h =bidd5 alcohol1  
drugs1 smok+1 bett+1 & usury1 games1    
trade1 s]vants4 ,b isn't !re a v[ (     
,*a/ity8  ,t is ! ,rule = y\r e>?ly     
ord]s8  ,yes--except1 if ,i rememb]     
rightly1 = ,plato's ,gu>dians4  ,!re is 
a ,rule ( ,*a/ity "h--b n ( ,celibacy4  
,we "k q cle>ly t civilisation is an    
artificial arrangem5t1 & t all !        
physical & emotional in/9cts ( man are  
too /rong1 & 8 natural in/9ct ( re/ra9t 
too weak1 = him to live easily 9 !      
civilis$ ,/ate4 ,civilisation has       
develop$ f> m rapidly ?an man has       
modifi$4 ,"u ! unnatural p]fection (    
security1 lib]ty & abundance our        
civilisation has atta9$1 ! normal       
untra9$ human be+ is dispos$ to excess 9
 almo/ e direction2 he t5ds to eat too  
mu* & too elaborately1 to dr9k too mu*1 
to become lazy fa/] ?an 8 "w c be r$uc$1

 to wa/e 8 int]e/ ^u displays1 & to make
 love too mu* & too elaborately4 ,he    
gets out ( tra9+1 & conc5trates ^u      
egoi/ic or erotic brood+s4 ,! pa/ hi/ory
 ( our race is v l>gely a hi/ory (      
social collapses due to demoralisation  
by indulg5ces foll[+ security &         
abundance4 ,9 ! "t ( our ,f\nd]s ! signs
 ( a _w-wide epo* ( prosp]ity &         
relaxation 7 pl5tiful4 ,bo? sexes drift$
 t[>ds sexual excesses1 ! m5 t[>ds      
s5tim5tal extravagances1 imbecile       
devotions1 & ! complication & ref9em5t (
 physical indulg5ces2 ! wom5 t[>ds ^?   
expansions & diff]5tiations ( feel+ t   
f9d expression 9 music & co/ly &        
di/+ui%$ dress4 ,bo? sexes became       
un/able & promiscu\s4 ,! :ole _w seem$  
dispos$ to d exactly ! same ?+ ) its    
sexual int]e/ z x _h done ) its appetite
 = food & dr9k--make ! mo/ ( x4  ,he    
paus$4  ,satiety came to help y1 ,i     
said4  ,de/ruction may come be=e        
satiety4 ,our ,f\nd]s organis$ motives f
 all sorts ( s\rces1 b ,i ?9k ! *ief =ce

 to give m5 self-control is ,pride4     
,pride may n be ! noble/ ?+ 9 ! s\l1 b x
 is ! be/ ,k+ !re1 = all t4 ,!y look$ to
 x to keep a man clean & s\nd & sane4 ,9
 ?is matt]1 z 9 all matt]s ( natural    
desire1 !y held no appetite mu/ be      
glutt$1 no appetite mu/ h artificial    
:ets1 & also & equally t no appetite    
%\ld be />v$4 ,a man mu/ come f ! table 
satisfi$1 b n replete4 ,&1 9 ! matt] (  
love1 a /raight & clean desire = a clean
 & /raight fell[-creature 0 our ,f\nd]s'
 ideal4 ,!y enjo9$ m>riage betwe5 equals
 z ! samurai's duty to ! race1 & !y     
fram$ directions ( ! precise/ sort to   
prev5t t uxori\s insep>abl5ess1 t       
connubiality :i* w r$uce a c\ple ( p to 
some?+ jo9tly less ?an ei!r4 ,t ,canon  
is too long to tell y n[4 ,a man "u !   
,rule :o loves a woman :o does n foll[  
x1 mu/ ei!r leave ! samurai to m>ry h]1 
or induce h] to accept :at is call$ !   
,woman's ,rule1 :i*1 :ile x excepts h] f
 ! sev]] qualifications & discipl9es1   
br+s h] regim5 ( life into a work+      

h>mony ) 84  ,suppose %e breaks ! ,rule 
aft]w>ds8  ,he mu/ leave ei!r h] or !   
ord]4  ,!re is matt] = a novel or s 9 t4
  ,!re has be5 matt] = hundr$s4  ,is !  
,woman's ,rule a sumptu>y law z well z a
 regim58 ,i mean--may %e dress z %e     
pleases8  ,n a bit ( x1 said my d\ble4  
,e woman :o c\ld comm& money us$ x1 we  
f\nd1 to make und]br$ aggressions on o!r
 wom54 ,z m5 em]g$ to civilisation1 wom5
 seem$ go+ back to savag]y--to pa9t &   
fea!rs4 ,b ! samurai1 bo? m5 & wom51 & !
 wom5 "u ! ,less] ,rule also1 all h a   
p>ticul> dress4 ,no diff]5ce is made    
betwe5 wom5 "u ei!r ! ,great or ! ,less]
 ,rule4 ,y h se5 ! m5's dress--always l 
?is ,i we>4 ,! wom5 may we> ! same1 ei!r
 ) ! hair cut %ort or plait$ beh9d !m1  
or !y may h a high-wai/$ dress ( v f9e1 
s(t wooll5 mat]ial1 ) _! hair coil$ up  
beh9d4  ,i h se5 x1 ,i said4 ,inde$1    
ne>ly all ! wom5 _h seem$ to be we>+    
v>iants ( t simple =mula4 ,x seems to me
 a v beautiful dress4 ,! o!r--,i'm n us$
 to4 ,b ,i l x on girls & sl5d] wom54   

,i _h a ?\ght1 & add$1 ,don't !y        
sometimes1 well--take a good deal ( c>e1
 dress+ _! hair8  ,my d\ble laugh$ 9 my 
eyes4 ,!y d1 he said4  ,& ! ,rule8  ,!  
,rule is nev] fussy1 said my d\ble1 /ill
 smil+4  ,we don't want wom5 to cease to
 be beautiful1 & consci\sly beautiful1  
if y l1 he add$4 ,! m real beauty ( =m &
 face we h1 ! f9] our _w4 ,b co/ly      
sexualis$ trapp+s----  ,i %\ld h ?\ght1 
,i said1 a class ( wom5 :o trad$ on _!  
sex w\ld h aris51 wom51 ,i mean1 :o f\nd
 an int]e/ & an advantage 9 emphasis+ _!
 individual womanly beauty4 ,!re is no  
law to prev5t x4 ,surely !y w\ld t5d to 
c\nt]act ! sev]ity ( co/ume ! ,rule     
dictates4  ,!re are su* wom54 ,b = all t
 ! ,rule sets ! key ( ev]yday dress4 ,if
 a woman is possess$ by ! passion =     
gorge\s raim5t %e usually satisfies x 9 
h] own private circle1 or ) r>e         
occasional onslaughts ^u ! public eye4  
,h] ev]yday mood & ! disposition ( mo/ p
 is aga9/ be+ conspicu\s abroad4 ,& ,i  
%\ld say !re are little lib]ties "u !   

,less] ,rule2 a discreet use ( f9e      
ne$lework & embroid]y1 a wid] *oice (   
mat]ials4  ,y h no *ang+ fa%ions8       
,none4 ,= all t1 are n our dresses z    
beautiful z y\rs8  ,our wom5's dresses  
are n beautiful at all1 ,i said1 =c$ = a
 "t t[>ds ! my/]i\s philosophy ( dress4 
,beauty8 ,t isn't _! conc]n4  ,!n :at   
are !y aft]8  ,my de> man6 ,:at is all  
my _w aft]8   ,section #f  ,i %\ld come 
to our ?ird talk ) a great curiosity to 
he> ( ! la/ portion ( ! ,rule1 ( ! ?+s t
 ! samurai are oblig$ to d4  ,!re w\ld  
be _m precise directions reg>d+ 8 heal?1
 & rules t w\ld aim at once at heal? & t
 con/ant ex]cise ( w t makes life good4 
,save 9 specifi$ exceptional            
circum/ances1 ! samurai mu/ ba! 9 cold  
wat]1 & ! m5 mu/ %ave e day2 !y h !     
precise/ directions 9 su* matt]s2 ! body
 mu/ be 9 heal?1 ! sk9 & muscles & n]ves
 9 p]fect tone1 or ! samurai mu/ g to ! 
doctors ( ! ord]1 & give implicit       
ob$i5ce to ! regim5 prescrib$4 ,!y mu/  
sleep alone at lea/ f\r nights 9 five2 &

 !y mu/ eat ) & talk to anyone 9 _!     
fell[%ip :o c>es = _! conv]sation = an  
h\r1 at lea/1 at ! ne>e/ club-h\se ( !  
samurai once on ?ree *os5 days 9 e week4
 ,moreov]1 !y mu/ read al\d f ! ,book ( 
! ,samurai = at lea/ t5 m9utes e day4 ,e
 mon? !y mu/ buy & read fai?fully ?r\gh 
at lea/ "o book t has be5 publi%$ dur+ !
 pa/ five ye>s1 & ! only int]v5tion )   
private *oice 9 t matt] is !            
prescription ( a c]ta9 m9imum ( l5g? = !
 mon?ly book or books4 ,b ! full ,rule 9
 ^! m9or compulsory matt]s is volum9\s &
 detail$1 & x ab\nds ) alt]natives4 ,its
 aim is r to keep be=e ! samurai by a   
numb] ( sample duties1 z x 71 ! ne$ (1 &
 "s ( ! *ief me?ods t[>ds heal? ( body &
 m9d1 r ?an to provide a compreh5sive   
rule1 & to ensure ! ma9t5ance ( a       
community ( feel+ & int]e/s among !     
samurai ?r\gh habit1 int]c\rse1 & a liv+
 contempor>y lit]ature4 ,^! m9or        
obligations d n e>m>k m ?an an h\r 9 !  
day4 ,yet !y s]ve to break d[n          
isolations ( sympa?y1 all sorts (       

physical & intellectual sluggi%ness & ! 
developm5t ( unsocial preoccupations (  
_m sorts4  ,wom5 samurai :o are m>ri$1  
my d\ble told me1 mu/ be> *ildr5--if !y 
are to rema9 m>ri$ z well z 9 !         
ord]--be=e ! second p]iod = t]m9at+ a   
*ildless m>riage is exhau/$4 ,i fail$ to
 ask = ! precise figures f my d\ble at !
 "t1 b ,i ?9k x is beyond d\bt t x is f 
samurai mo!rs ( ! ,great] or ,less]     
,rule t a v l>ge proportion ( ! future  
population ( ,utopia w be d]iv$4 ,!re is
 "o lib]ty accord$ to wom5 samurai :i*  
is refus$ to m51 & t is to m>ry outside 
! ,rule1 & wom5 m>ri$ to m5 n "u ! ,rule
 are also free to become samurai4 ,"h1  
too1 x w be manife/ !re is scope =      
novels & ! drama ( life4 ,9 practice1 x 
seems t x is only m5 ( great poietic    
di/9ction outside ! ,rule1 or great     
comm]cial lead]s1 :o h wives "u x4 ,!   
t5d5cy ( su* unions is ei!r to br+ !    
husb& "u ! ,rule1 or take ! wife out (  
x4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ^! m>riage       
limitations t5d to make ! samurai some?+

 ( an h]$it>y class4 ,_! *ildr51 z a    
rule1 become samurai4 ,b x is n an      
exclusive ca/e2 subject to ! mo/        
reasonable qualifications1 anyone :o    
sees fit c ent] x at any "t1 & s1 unlike
 all o!r privileg$ ca/es ! _w has se51 x
 increases relatively to ! total        
population1 & may inde$ at la/          
assimilate almo/ ! :ole population ( !  
e>?4   ,section #g  ,s mu* my d\ble told
 me readily4  ,b n[ he came to ! he>t ( 
all 8 explanations1 to ! w & motives at 
! c5tre t made m5 & wom5 ready to und]go
 discipl9e1 to r5\nce ! ri*ness &       
elaboration ( ! s5su\s life1 to ma/]    
emotions & control impulses1 to keep 9 !
 key ( ef=t :ile !y _h abundance ab\t !m
 to r\se & satisfy all desires1 & 8     
exposition 0 m difficult4  ,he tri$ to  
make 8 religion cle> to me4  ,! lead+   
pr9ciple ( ! ,utopian religion is !     
repudiation ( ! doctr9e ( orig9al s92 ! 
,utopians hold t man1 on ! :ole1 is     
good4 ,t is _! c>d9al belief4 ,man has  
pride & consci5ce1 !y hold1 t y may     

ref9e by tra9+ z y ref9e 8 eye & e>2 he 
has remorse & sorr[ 9 8 be+1 com+ on !  
heels ( all inconsequ5t enjoym5ts4 ,h[ c
 "o ?9k ( him z bad8 ,he is religi\s2   
religion is z natural to him z lu/ &    
ang]1 less int5se1 inde$1 b com+ ) a    
wide-sweep+ inevitabl5ess z peace comes 
aft] all tumults & noises4 ,& 9 ,utopia 
!y und]/& ?is1 or1 at lea/1 ! samurai d1
 cle>ly4 ,!y accept ,religion z !y      
accept ,?ir/1 z some?+ insep>ably 9 !   
my/]i\s rhy?ms ( life4 ,& j z ?ir/ &    
pride & all desires may be p]v]t$ 9 an  
age ( abundant opportunities1 & m5 may  
be degrad$ & wa/$ by intemp]ance 9      
dr9k+1 by display1 or by ambition1 s too
 ! nobl] complex ( desires t con/itutes 
religion may be turn$ to evil by ! dull1
 ! base1 & ! c>eless4 ,slov5ly indulg5ce
 9 religi\s incl9ations1 a failure to   
?9k h>d & discrim9ate z fairly z        
possible 9 religi\s matt]s1 is j z ali5 
to ! m5 "u ! ,rule z x w\ld be to dr9k  
deeply because !y 7 ?ir/y1 eat until    
glutt$1 evade a ba? because ! day 0     

*illy1 or make love to any bright-ey$   
girl :o *anc$ to look pretty 9 ! dusk4  
,utopia1 :i* is to h e type ( "* t "o   
f9ds on e>?1 w h its temples & its      
prie/s1 j z x w h its actresses & w9e1 b
 ! samurai w be =bidd5 ! religion (     
dramatically lit alt>s1 organ music1 &  
inc5se1 z di/9ctly z !y are =bidd5 !    
love ( pa9t$ wom51 or ! consolations (  
br&y4 ,& to all ! ?+s t are less ?an    
religion & t seek to compreh5d x1 to    
cosmogonies & philosophies1 to cre$s &  
=mulae1 to cate*isms & easy             
explanations1 ! attitude ( ! samurai1 ! 
note ( ! ,book ( ,samurai1 w be di/ru/4 
,^! ?+s1 ! samurai w say1 are "p ( !    
indulg5ces t %\ld come be=e a man       
submits himself to ! ,rule2 !y are l !  
e>ly gratifications ( "y m51 exp]i5ces  
to e/abli% r5unciation4 ,! samurai w h  
em]g$ above ^! ?+s4  ,! !ology ( !      
,utopian rul]s w be saturat$ ) t same   
philosophy ( uniqu5ess1 t repudiation ( 
any?+ beyond simil>ities & practical    
p>allelisms1 t saturates all _!         

in/itutions4 ,!y w h analys$ exhau/ively
 ^? fallacies & assumptions t arise     
betwe5 ! ,"o & ! ,_m1 t h tr\bl$        
philosophy s9ce philosophy began4 ,j z  
!y w h escap$ t delusive unification ( e
 species "u its specific def9ition t has
 dom9at$ e>?ly reason+1 s !y w h escap$ 
! delusive simplification ( ,god t      
vitiates all t]re/rial !ology4 ,!y w    
hold ,god to be complex & ( an endless  
v>iety ( aspects1 to be express$ by no  
univ]sal =mula nor approv$ 9 any uni=m  
mann]4 ,j z ! language ( ,utopia w be a 
syn!sis1 ev5 s w its ,god be4 ,! aspect 
( ,god is diff]5t 9 ! measure ( e man's 
individuality1 & ! intimate ?+ (        
religion mu/1 !re=e1 exi/ 9 human       
solitude1 betwe5 man & ,god alone4      
,religion 9 its qu9tess5ce is a relation
 betwe5 ,god & man2 x is p]v]sion to    
make x a relation betwe5 man & man1 & a 
man may no m rea* ,god ?r\gh a prie/ ?an
 love 8 wife ?r\gh a prie/4 ,b j z a man
 9 love may ref9e ! int]pretation ( 8   
feel+s & borr[ expression f ! poems &   

music ( poietic m51 s an individual man 
may at 8 discretion read books (        
devotion & he> music t is 9 h>mony ) 8  
in*oate feel+s4 ,_m ( ! samurai1 !re=e1 
w set !mselves private regim5s t w help 
_! secret religi\s life1 w pray         
habitually1 & read books ( devotion1 b )
 ^! ?+s ! ,rule ( ! ord] w h no?+ to d4 
,cle>ly ! ,god ( ! samurai is a         
transc5d5tal & my/ical ,god4 ,s f> z !  
samurai h a purpose 9 common 9 ma9ta9+ !
 ,/ate1 & ! ord] & progress ( ! _w1 s   
f>1 by _! discipl9e & d5ial1 by _!      
public "w & ef=t1 !y wor%ip ,god toge!r4
 ,b ! f\nt ( motives lies 9 ! individual
 life1 x lies 9 sil5t & delib]ate       
reflections1 & at ?is1 ! mo/ /rik+ ( all
 ! rules ( ! samurai aims4 ,= sev5      
consecutive days 9 ! ye>1 at lea/1 ea*  
man or woman "u ! ,rule mu/ g "r out (  
all ! life ( man into "s wild & solit>y 
place1 mu/ speak to no man or woman1 & h
 no sort ( int]c\rse ) mank9d4 ,!y mu/ g
 bookless & weaponless1 )\t p5 or pap]1 
or money4 ,provisions mu/ be tak5 = !   

p]iod ( ! j\rney1 a rug or sleep+       
sack--= !y mu/ sleep "u ! op5 sky--b no 
means ( mak+ a fire4 ,!y may /udy maps  
be=eh& to guide !m1 %[+ any difficulties
 & dang]s 9 ! j\rney1 b !y may n c>ry   
su* helps4 ,!y mu/ n g by beat5 ways or 
:]ev] !re are inhabit$ h\ses1 b into !  
b>e1 quiet places ( ! globe--! regions  
set ap>t = !m4  ,?is discipl9e1 my d\ble
 said1 0 inv5t$ to secure a c]ta9       
/\tness ( he>t & body 9 ! memb]s ( !    
ord]1 :i* o!rwise might h la9 op5 to too
 _m timor\s1 m]ely ab/emi\s1 m5 & wom54 
,_m ?+s _h be5 sugge/$1 swordplay & te/s
 t v]g$ on torture1 climb+ 9 giddy      
places & ! l1 be=e ?is 0 *os54 ,p>tly1 x
 is to ensure good tra9+ & /urd9ess (   
body & m9d1 b p>tly1 also1 x is to draw 
_! m9ds = a space f ! insi/5t details ( 
life1 f ! intricate argum5ts & ! frett+ 
ef=t to "w1 f p]sonal qu>rels & p]sonal 
affections1 & ! ?+s ( ! heat$ room4 ,out
 !y mu/ g1 clean out ( ! _w4  ,c]ta9    
great areas are set ap>t = ^! ye>ly     
pilgrimages beyond ! securities ( !     

,/ate4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( squ>e miles (   
s&y des]t 9 ,africa & ,asia set ap>t2   
mu* ( ! ,arctic & ,ant>ctic circles2 va/
 areas ( m\nta9 l& & froz5 m>%2 seclud$ 
res]ves ( =e/1 & innum]able unfrequ5t$  
l9es ^u ! sea4 ,"s are dang]\s &        
labori\s r\tes2 "s m]ely desolate2 & !re
 are ev5 "s sea j\rneys t "o may take 9 
! halcyon days z "o drifts ?r\gh a      
dream4 ,^u ! seas "o mu/ g 9 a little   
undeck$ sail+ boat1 t may be r[$ 9 a    
calm2 all ! o!r j\rneys "o mu/ d afoot1 
none aid+4 ,!re are1 ab\t all ^! des]t  
regions & along mo/ coa/s1 little (fices
 at :i* ! samurai says good-bye to ! _w 
( m51 & at :i* !y arrive aft] _! m9imum 
"t ( sil5ce is ov]pa/4 ,= ! int]v5+ days
 !y mu/ be alone ) ,nature1 necessity1 &
 _! own ?\ghts4  ,x is good8 ,i said4   
,x is good1 my d\ble answ]$4 ,we        
civilis$ m5 g back to ! />k ,"m t s _m (
 u w\ld h =gott5 7 x n = ?is ,rule4 ,&  
"o ?9ks4444 ,only two weeks ago ,i did  
my j\rney = ! ye>4 ,i w5t ) my ge> by   
sea to ,tromso1 & !n inl& to a          

/>t+-place1 & took my ice-axe &         
rucksack1 & said good-bye to ! _w4 ,i   
cross$ ov] f\r glaci]s2 ,i climb$ ?ree  
high m\nta9 passes1 & slept on moss 9   
desolate valleys4 ,i saw no human be+ = 
sev5 days4 ,!n ,i came d[n ?r\gh p9e    
woods to ! head ( a road t runs to !    
,baltic %ore4 ,altoge!r x 0 ?irte5 days 
be=e ,i report$ myself aga91 & _h spee* 
) fell[ creatures4  ,& ! wom5 d ?is8  ,!
 wom5 :o are truly samurai--yes4        
,equally ) ! m54 ,unless ! com+ ( *ildr5
 int]v5es4  ,i ask$ him h[ x _h seem$ to
 him1 & :at he ?\ght ab\t dur+ ! j\rney4
  ,!re is always a s5se ( ef=t = me1 he 
said1 :5 ,i leave ! _w at ! outset ( !  
j\rney4 ,i turn back aga9 & aga91 & look
 at ! little (fice z ,i g up my m\nta9  
side4 ,! fir/ day & night ,i'm a little 
dispos$ to %irk ! job--e ye> x's !      
same--a little dispos$1 = example1 to   
sl+ my pack f my back1 & sit d[n1 & g   
?r\gh its cont5ts1 & make sure ,i've got
 all my equipm5t4  ,!re's no *ance (    
anyone ov]tak+ y8  ,two m5 mu/n't />t f 

! same (fice on ! same r\te )9 six h\rs 
( ea* o!r4 ,if !y come )9 sight ( ea*   
o!r1 !y mu/ %un an enc\nt]1 & make no   
sign--unless life is 9 dang]4 ,all t is 
arrang$ be=eh&4  ,x w\ld be1 ( c\rse4 ,g
 on tell+ me ( y\r j\rney4  ,i dread !  
night4 ,i dread discom=t & bad wea!r4 ,i
 only beg9 to brace up aft] ! second    
day4  ,don't y worry ab\t los+ y\r way8 
,no4 ,!re are cairns & skyl9e signs4 ,if
 x wasn't = t1 ( c\rse we %\ld be worry+
 ) maps ! :ole "t4 ,b ,i'm only sure (  
be+ a man aft] ! second night1 & sure ( 
my p[] to g ?r\gh4  ,& !n8  ,!n "o beg9s
 to get into x4 ,! fir/ two days "o is  
apt to h ! ev5ts ( "o's j\rney1 little  
incid5ts ( travel1 & ?\ghts ( "o's "w & 
affairs1 ris+ & fad+ & com+ aga92 b !n !
 p]spectives beg94 ,i don't sleep mu* at
 nights on ^! j\rneys2 ,i lie awake &   
/>e at ! />s4 ,ab\t dawn1 p]haps1 & 9 ! 
morn+ sun%9e1 ,i sleep6 ,! nights ?is   
la/ "t 7 v %ort1 nev] m ?an twilight1 & 
,i saw ! gl[ ( ! sun always1 j ov] !    
edge ( ! _w4 ,b ,i _h *os5 ! days ( !   

new moon1 s t ,i c\ld h a glimpse ( !   
/>s4444 ,ye>s ago1 ,i w5t f ! ,nile     
across ! ,libyan ,des]t ea/1 & !n !     
/>s--! />s 9 ! lat] days ( t            
j\rney--br\ght me ne> weep+4444 ,y beg9 
to feel alone on ! ?ird day1 :5 y f9d   
y\rself out on "s %9+ sn[field1 & no?+ (
 mank9d visible 9 ! :ole _w save "o     
l&m>k1 "o remote ?9 r$ triangle ( iron1 
p]haps1 9 ! saddle ( ! ridge aga9/ !    
sky4 ,all ?is busy _w t has done s mu* &
 s m>vell\sly1 & is /ill s little--y see
 x little z x is--& f> (f4 ,all day long
 y g & ! night comes1 & x might be ano!r
 planet4 ,!n1 9 ! quiet1 wak+ h\rs1 "o  
?9ks ( "o's self & ! great ext]nal ?+s1 
( space & et]nity1 & :at "o means by    
,god4  ,he mus$4  ,y ?9k ( dea?8  ,n (  
my own4 ,b :5 ,i g among sn[s &         
desolations--& usually ,i take my       
pilgrimage 9 m\nta9s or ! nor?--,i ?9k v
 mu* ( ! ,night ( ?is ,_w--! "t :5 our  
sun w be r$ & dull1 & air & wat] w lie  
froz5 toge!r 9 a common sn[field :]e n[ 
! =e/s ( ! tropics are /eam+4444 ,i ?9k 

v mu* ( t1 & :e!r x is inde$ ,god's     
purpose t our k9d %\ld end1 & ! cities  
we h built1 ! books we h writt51 all t  
we h giv5 sub/ance & a =m1 %\ld lie dead
 b5ea? ! sn[s4  ,y don't believe t8     
,no4 ,b if x is n s----4 ,i w5t ?read+  
my way among gorges & precipices1 ) my  
poor bra9 dream+ ( :at ! alt]native %\ld
 be1 ) my imag9ation /ra9+ & fail+4     
,yet1 9 ^? high airs & 9 su* solitude1 a
 k9d ( exaltation comes to m54444 ,i    
rememb] t "o night ,i sat up & told !   
rascal />s v e>ne/ly h[ !y %\ld n escape
 u 9 ! end4  ,he glanc$ at me = a mom5t 
z ?\gh he d\bt$ ,i %\ld und]/&4  ,"o    
becomes a p]sonification up !re1 he     
said4 ,"o becomes ! ambassador ( mank9d 
to ! out] _w4  ,!re is "t to ?9k ov] a  
lot ( ?+s4 ,"o puts "o's self & "o's    
ambition 9 a new pair ( scales4444  ,!n 
!re are h\rs :5 "o is j explor+ !       
wild]ness l a *ild4 ,sometimes p]haps "o
 gets a glimpse f "s precipice edge ( ! 
pla9s f> away1 & h\ses & roadways1 &    
rememb]s !re is /ill a busy _w ( m54 ,& 

at la/ "o turns "o's feet d[n "s slope1 
"s gorge t leads back4 ,y come d[n1     
p]haps1 into a p9e =e/1 & he> t que]    
clatt] re9de] make--& !n1 x may be1 see 
a h]dsman v f> away1 wat*+ y4 ,y we> y\r
 pilgrim's badge1 & he makes no sign (  
see+ y4444  ,y "k1 aft] ^! solitudes1 ,i
 feel j ! same que] dis9cl9ation to g   
back to ! _w ( m5 t ,i feel :5 ,i h to  
leave x4 ,i ?9k ( du/y roads & hot      
valleys1 & be+ look$ at by _m p4 ,i ?9k 
( ! tr\ble ( work+ ) colleagues &       
oppon5ts4 ,?is la/ j\rney ,i out/ay$ my 
"t1 camp+ 9 ! p9e woods = six days4 ,!n 
my ?\ghts came r\nd to my prop] "w aga94
 ,i got ke5 to g on ) x1 & s ,i came    
back into ! _w4 ,y come back physically 
clean--z ?\gh y _h _h y\r art]ies & ve9s
 wa%$ out4 ,& y\r bra9 has be5 clean$1  
too4444 ,i %all /ick to ! m\nta9s n[    
until ,i am old1 & !n ,i %all sail a    
boat 9 ,polynesia4 ,t is :at s _m old m5
 d4 ,only la/ ye> "o ( ! great lead]s ( 
! samurai--a :ite-hair$ man1 :o foll[$ !
 ,rule 9 spite ( 8 "o hundr$ & elev5    

ye>s--0 f\nd dead 9 8 boat f> away f any
 l&1 f> to ! s\?1 ly+ l a *ild          
asleep4444  ,t's bett] ?an a tumbl$ b$1 
said ,i1 & "s boy ( a doctor jabb+ y )  
injections1 & di/ressful p hov]+ ab\t y4
  ,yes1 said my d\ble2 9 ,utopia we :o  
are samurai die bett] ?an t4444 ,is t h[
 y\r great m5 die8  ,x came to me       
sudd5ly z v /range t1 ev5 z we sat &    
talk$1 across des]t$ seas1 on burn+ s&s1
 ?r\gh ! /ill aisles ( =e/s1 & 9 all !  
high & lonely places ( ! _w1 beyond !   
m>g9 :]e ! ways & h\ses g1 solit>y m5 & 
wom5 sail$ alone or m>*$ alone1 or      
clamb]$--quiet1 resolute exiles2 !y /ood
 alone amid/ wild]nesses ( ice1 on !    
precipit\s banks ( ro>+ torr5ts1 9      
mon/r\s cav]ns1 or /e]+ a toss+ boat 9 !
 little circle ( ! horizon amid/ !      
tumbl$1 incessant sea1 all 9 _! sev]al  
ways commun+ ) ! empt9ess1 ! enigmatic  
spaces & sil5ces1 ! w9ds & torr5ts &    
s\lless =ces t lie ab\t ! lit & ord]$   
life ( m54  ,i saw m cle>ly n[ some?+ ,i
 _h se5 dimly already1 9 ! be>+ & !     

faces ( ?is ,utopian *ivalry1 a fa9t    
p]si/5t t+e ( deta*m5t f ! imm$iate     
heats & hurries1 ! little graces &      
delights1 ! t5sions & /imulations ( !   
daily _w4 ,x pleas$ me /rangely to ?9k (
 ?is /eadfa/ ye>ly pilgrimage (         
solitude1 & h[ ne> m5 might come !n to !
 high di/ances ( ,god4   ,section #h    
,aft] t ,i rememb] we fell talk+ ( !    
discipl9e ( ! ,rule1 ( ! ,c\rts t try   
brea*es ( x1 & int]pret d\btful         
cases--=1 ?\gh a man may resign ) due   
notice & be free aft] a c]ta9 "t to     
rejo9 aga91 "o delib]ate brea* may      
exclude a man = ev]--( ! sy/em ( law t  
has gr[n up ab\t su* trials1 & ( !      
tri5nial c\ncil t revises & alt]s !     
,rule4 ,f t we pass$ to ! discussion ( !
 g5]al con/itution ( ?is ,_w ,/ate4     
,practically all political p[] ve/s 9 ! 
samurai4 ,n only are !y ! only          
adm9i/rators1 lawy]s1 practis+ doctors1 
& public (ficials ( almo/ all k9ds1 b !y
 are ! only vot]s4 ,yet1 by a curi\s    
exception1 ! supreme legislative        

assembly mu/ h "o-t5?1 & may h "o-half (
 its memb]s outside ! ord]1 because1 x  
is alleg$1 !re is a sort ( wisdom t     
comes ( s9 & laxness1 :i* is necess>y to
 ! p]fect rul+ ( life4 ,my d\ble quot$  
me a v]se f ! ,canon on ?is matt] t my  
un=tunate v]bal memory did n reta91 b x 
0 9 ! nature ( a pray] to save ! _w f   
unf]m5t$ m54 ,x w\ld seem t ,ari/otle's 
idea ( a rotation ( rul]s1 an idea t    
crops up aga9 9 ,h>r+ton's ,oceana1 t   
fir/ ,utopia ( ! sov]eign p 7a ,utopia  
t1 ?r\gh ,danton's read+s 9 ,engli%1    
play$ a disa/r\s "p 9 ! ,fr5*           
,revolution71 gets a little respect 9   
,utopia4 ,! t5d5cy is to give a         
practically p]man5t t5ure to good m54 ,e
 rul] & (ficial1 x is true1 is put on 8 
trial e ?ree ye>s be=e a jury drawn by  
lot1 accord+ to ! range ( 8 activities1 
ei!r f ! samurai ( 8 municipal area or f
 ! g5]al catalogue ( ! samurai1 b !     
bus9ess ( ?is jury is m]ely to decide   
:e!r to cont9ue him 9 (fice or ord] a   
new election4 ,9 ! majority ( cases !   

v]dict is cont9uation4 ,ev5 if x is n s 
! (ficial may /ill appe> z a c&idate    
be=e ! second & sep>ate jury :i* fills !
 vacant po/4444  ,my d\ble m5tion$ a few
 scatt]$ details ( ! electoral me?ods1 b
 z at t "t ,i believ$ we 7 to h a numb] 
( fur!r conv]sations1 ,i did n exhau/ my
 curiosities ^u ?is subject4 ,inde$1 ,i 
0 m ?an a little preoccupi$ &           
inatt5tive4 ,! religion ( ! samurai 0   
aft] my he>t1 & x _h tak5 hold ( me v   
/rongly4444 ,b pres5tly ,i fell que/ion+
 him ^u ! complications t arise 9 !     
,mod]n ,utopia ?r\gh ! diff]5ces betwe5 
! races ( m51 & f\nd my att5tion        
return+4 ,b ! matt] ( t discussion ,i   
%all put ap>t into a sep>ate *apt]4 ,9 !
 end we came back to ! p>ticul>s ( ?is  
great ,rule ( ,life t any man desir+ (  
jo9+ ! samurai mu/ foll[4  ,i rememb]   
h[1 aft] our ?ird b\t ( talk+1 ,i walk$ 
back ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,utopian ,london  
to rejo9 ! botani/ at our hotel4  ,my   
d\ble liv$ 9 an ap>tm5t 9 a great       
build+--,i %\ld judge ab\t :]e1 9 our   

,london1 ! ,tate ,gall]y squats1 &1 z ! 
day 0 f9e1 & ,i _h no reason = hurry1 ,i
 w5t n by ! cov]$ me*anical way1 b on   
foot along ! broad1 tree-set t]races t  
foll[ ! riv] on ei!r side4  ,x 0        
aft]noon1 & ! mell[ ,?ames ,valley      
sunlight1 w>m & g5tle1 lit a clean &    
graci\s _w4 ,!re 7 _m p abroad1 go+ to &
 fro1 unhurry+1 b n aimless1 & ,i wat*$ 
!m s att5tively t 7 y to ask me = ! mo/ 
elem5t>y details ( ! build+s & t]races t
 lay back on ei!r bank1 or ( ! p9nacles 
& t[]s & p>apets t lac$ ! sky1 ,i c\ld n
 tell y !m4 ,b ( ! p ,i c\ld tell a     
great deal4  ,no ,utopians we> black1 & 
= all ! frequ5cy ( ! samurai uni=m along
 ! ,london ways ! g5]al effect is ( a   
gaily-col\r$ population4 ,y nev] see    
anyone noticeably ragg$ or dirty2 !     
police1 :o answ] que/ions & keep ord] 7&
 are q di/9ct f ! organisation = !      
pursuit ( crim9als7 see to t2 & %abby p 
are v infrequ5t4 ,p :o want to save     
money = o!r purposes1 or :o d n want mu*
 bo!r ) _! clo?+1 seem to we> co/umes ( 

r\gh wov5 clo?1 dy$ an unobtrusive br[n 
or gre51 ov] f9e wooll5 und]clo?+1 & s  
a*ieve a dec5t com=t 9 its simple/ =m4  
,o!rs outside ! ,rule ( ! samurai range 
! spectrum = col\r1 & h e v>iety (      
texture2 ! col\rs atta9$ by ! ,utopian  
dy]s seem to me to be full] & pur] ?an !
 common range ( /uffs on e>?2 & ! subtle
 fold+ ( ! wooll5 mat]ials witness t    
,utopian ,brad=d is no :it beh9d h]     
e>?ly si/]4 ,:ite is extraord9>ily      
frequ5t2 :ite wooll5 tunics & robes into
 :i* are wov5 b&s ( brilliant col\r1    
ab\nd4 ,(t5 ^! ape ! cut & purple edge t
 di/+ui%es ! samurai4 ,9 ,utopian       
,london ! air is z cle> & less du/y ?an 
x is among high m\nta9s2 ! roads are    
made ( unbrok5 surfaces1 & n ( friable  
e>?2 all heat+ is done by electricity1 &
 no coal ev] ent]s ! t[n2 !re are no    
horses or dogs1 & s !re is n a suspicion
 ( smoke & sc>cely a p>ticle ( any sort 
( dirt to r5d] :ite impossible4  ,!     
radiat$ influ5ce ( ! uni=m ( ! samurai  
has be5 to keep co/ume simple1 & ?is1   

p]haps1 emphasises ! g5]al effect (     
vigor\s heal?1 ( %apely bodies4 ,ev]yone
 is well gr[n & well n\ri%$2 ev]yone    
seems 9 good condition2 ev]yone walks   
well1 & has t cle>ness ( eye t comes )  
cleanness ( blood4 ,9 ,london ,i am apt 
to consid] myself ( a passable size &   
c>riage2 "h ,i feel small & mean-look+4 
,! fa9t suspicions ( sp9al curvatures1  
skew feet1 unequal legs1 & ill-gr[n     
bones1 t haunt "o 9 a ,london cr[d1 !   
pla9 intimations--9 yell[ faces1 puffy  
faces1 spott$ & irregul> complexions1 9 
n]v\s movem5ts & c\ghs & colds--( bad   
habits & an incompet5t or disreg>d$     
m$ical pr(ession1 d n appe> "h4 ,i      
notice few old p1 b !re seems to be a   
great] proportion ( m5 & wom5 at or ne> 
! prime ( life4  ,i hang ^u t4 ,i h se5 
"o or two fat p "h--!y are all ! m      
noticeable because !y are r>e4 ,b wr9kl$
 age8 ,h ,i yet 9 ,utopia set eyes on a 
bald head8  ,! ,utopians h br\ght a     
s\nd] physiological sci5ce ?an ours to  
be> ^u regim54 ,p "k bett] :at to d &   

:at to avoid1 h[ to =esee & =e/all com+ 
tr\ble1 & h[ to evade & suppress !      
subtle poisons t blunt ! edge (         
s5sation4 ,!y h put (f ! ye>s ( decay4  
,!y keep _! tee?1 !y keep _! dige/ions1 
!y w>d (f g\t & rheumatism1 neuralgia & 
influ5za & all ^? cognate decays t b5d &
 wr9kle m5 & wom5 9 ! middle ye>s (     
exi/5ce4 ,!y h ext5d$ ! level ye>s f>   
into ! sev5ties1 & age1 :5 x comes1     
comes swiftly & easily4 ,! fev]i% hurry 
( our e>?1 ! decay t beg9s be=e gr[? has
 ceas$1 is replac$ by a ripe prolong$   
maturity4 ,?is mod]n ,utopia is an adult
 _w4 ,! flu%$ romance1 ! pr$om9ant      
eroticisms1 ! adv5tur\s unc]ta9ty ( a _w
 9 :i* y\? prevails1 gives place "h to a
 grave delib]ation1 to a full] & m      
p[]ful emotion1 to a broad] h&l+ ( life4
  ,yet y\? is "h4  ,amid/ ! m5 ^: faces 
h be5 made f9e by ?\ght & /eadfa/ liv+1 
among ! s]5e-ey$ wom51 comes y\?1       
gaily-col\r$1 buoyantly heal?y1 )       
*all5g+ eyes1 ) fre% & eag] face4444  ,=
 ev]yone 9 ,utopia :o is sane en\gh to  

b5efit1 /udy & tra9+ la/ until tw5ty2 !n
 comes ! travel ye>1 & _m are /ill      
/ud5ts until tw5ty-f\r or tw5ty-five4   
,mo/ are /ill1 9 a s5se1 /ud5ts ?r\gh\t 
life1 b x is ?\ght t1 unless responsible
 action is begun 9 "s =m 9 ! e>ly       
tw5ties1 w und]goes a p>tial atrophy4 ,b
 ! full sw+ ( adult life is h>dly atta9$
 until ?irty is rea*$4 ,m5 m>ry be=e !  
middle ?irties1 & ! wom5 r e>li]1 few   
are mo!rs be=e five-&-tw5ty4 ,! majority
 ( ^? :o become samurai d s betwe5      
tw5ty-sev5 & ?irty-five4 ,&1 betwe5     
sev5te5 & ?irty1 ! ,utopians h _! deal+s
 ) love1 & ! play & excitem5t ( love is 
a *ief int]e/ 9 life4 ,mu* fre$om ( act 
is all[$ !m s t _! wills may gr[ freely4
 ,= ! mo/ "p !y end mat$1 & love gives  
place to "s special & m endur+ int]e/1  
?\gh1 inde$1 !re is love betwe5 old] m5 
& fre% girls1 & betwe5 y\?s & matur]    
wom54 ,x is 9 ^! mo/ graceful &         
beautiful ye>s ( life t su* fre$oms (   
dress z ! atmosph]e ( ,utopia p]mits are
 to be se51 & ! crude bright w &        

imag9ation ( y\? peeps out 9 ornam5t &  
col\r4  ,figures come into my sight &   
possess me = a mom5t & pass1 & give     
place to o!rs2 !re comes a dusky little 
,jewess1 r$-lipp$ & amb]-clad1 ) a deep 
crimson fl[]--,i "k n :e!r real or      
%am--9 ! dull black ( h] hair4 ,%e      
passes me ) an unconsci\s disda92 & !n  
,i am look+ at a brightly-smil+1        
blue-ey$ girl1 tall1 ruddy1 & freckl$   
w>mly1 clad l a /age ,rosal9d1 & talk+  
gaily to a fair "y man1 a novice "u !   
,rule4 ,a r$-hair$ "m "u ! ,less] ,rule 
goes by1 gre5-g[n$1 ) d>k gre5 /raps    
cross+ betwe5 h] brea/s1 & h] two       
%ock-head$ *ildr51 b>e-legg$ & lightly  
%od1 tug at h] h&s on ei!r side4 ,!n a  
grave man 9 a long1 fur-trimm$ robe1 a  
m]*ant1 maybe1 debates "s s]i\s matt] ) 
a :ite-tunick$ cl]k4 ,& ! cl]k's        
face----8 ,i turn to m>k ! /raight1     
blue-black hair4 ,! man mu/ be          
,*9ese4444  ,!n come two %ort-be>d$ m5 9
 c>eless indigo blue raim5t1 bo? ( !m   
convuls$ ) laught]--m5 outside ! ,rule1 

:o practise1 p]haps1 "s art--& !n "o ( !
 samurai1 9 *e]ful alt]cation ) a       
blue-rob$ girl ( eight4 ,b y c\ld h come
 back ye/]day1 ,dadda1 %e p]si/s4 ,he is
 deeply sunburnt1 & sudd5ly !re passes  
be=e my m9d ! picture ( a sn[y m\nta9   
wa/e at night-fall & a solit>y small    
figure "u ! />s4444  ,:5 ,i come back to
 ! pres5t ?+ aga91 my eye is caught at  
once by a "y negro1 c>ry+ books 9 8 h&1 
a prosp]\s-look+1 self-respect+ "y      
negro1 9 a trimly-cut coat ( purple-blue
 & silv]4  ,i am rem9d$ ( :at my d\ble  
said to me ( race4    ,,*apt] ,,! ,,t5? 
,race 9 ,utopia   ,section #a  ,above ! 
sph]e ( ! elem5tal crav+s & necessities1
 ! s\l ( man is 9 a p]petual vacillation
 betwe5 two conflict+ impulses3 ! desire
 to ass]t 8 individual diff]5ces1 !     
desire = di/9ction1 & 8 t]ror (         
isolation4 ,he wants to /& out1 b n too 
f> out1 &1 on ! contr>y1 he wants to    
m]ge himself ) a gr\p1 ) "s l>g] body1 b
 n altoge!r4 ,?r\gh all ! ?+s ( life    
runs ?is tortu\s compromise1 m5 foll[ ! 

fa%ions b res5t ready-made uni=ms on e  
plane ( _! be+4 ,! disposition to =m    
aggregations & to imag9e aggregations is
 "p ( ! incurable nature ( man2 x is "o 
( ! great natural =ces ! /atesman mu/   
utilise1 & aga9/ :i* he mu/ con/ruct    
effectual def5ces4 ,! /udy ( !          
aggregations & ( ! ideals ( aggregations
 ab\t :i* m5's sympa?ies w tw9e1 & ^u   
:i* !y w base a l>ge proportion ( _!    
conduct & p]sonal policy1 is !          
legitimate def9ition ( sociology4  ,n[ !
 sort ( aggregation to :i* m5 & wom5 w  
ref] !mselves is det]m9$ p>tly by !     
/r5g? & idiosyncrasy ( ! individual     
imag9ation1 & p>tly by ! reek ( ideas t 
*ances to be 9 ! air at ! "t4 ,m5 & wom5
 may v>y greatly bo? 9 _! innate & _!   
acquir$ disposition t[>ds ?is sort (    
l>g] body or t1 to :i* _! social ref]5ce
 c be made4 ,! natural social ref]5ce ( 
a man is probably to "s r vaguely       
conceiv$ tribe1 z ! natural social      
ref]5ce ( a dog is to a pack4 ,b j z !  
social ref]5ce ( a dog may be educat$   

until ! ref]5ce to a pack is completely 
replac$ by a ref]5ce to an own]1 s on 8 
high] plane ( educability ! social      
ref]5ce ( ! civilis$ man und]goes ! mo/ 
rem>kable trans=mations4 ,b ! p[] &     
scope ( 8 imag9ation & ! ne$ he has (   
response sets limits to ?is process4 ,a 
highly intellectualis$ mature m9d may   
ref] = its data v consi/5tly to ideas ( 
a high] be+ s remote & indef9able z     
,god1 s compreh5sive z humanity1 s      
f>-rea*+ z ! purpose 9 ?+s4 ,i write    
may1 b ,i d\bt if ?is exaltation (      
ref]5ce is ev] p]man5tly su/a9$4 ,comte1
 9 8 ,positive ,polity1 exposes 8 s\l ) 
great fre$om1 & ! curi\s may trace h[1  
:ile he pr(esses & q hone/ly int5ds to  
ref] himself always to 8 ,great] ,be+   
,humanity1 he n>r[s con/antly to 8      
project$ ,we/]n ,republic ( civilis$ m51
 & q frequ5tly to ! m9ute indef9ite body
 ( ,positivi/ subscrib]s4 ,& ! hi/ory ( 
! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 ) its developm5t (    
ord]s & cults1 sects & diss5ts1 ! hi/ory
 ( fa%ionable society ) its cliques &   

sets & e political hi/ory ) its cabals &
 inn] cab9ets1 witness to ! /ruggle t   
goes on 9 ! m9ds ( m5 to adju/ !mselves 
to a body l>g] inde$ ?an !mselves1 b :i*
 /ill does n /ra9 & escape _! imag9ative
 grasp4  ,! /atesman1 bo? = himself &   
o!rs1 mu/ recognise ?is inadequacy (    
grasp1 & ! necessity = real & imag9>y   
aggregations to su/a9 m5 9 _! practical 
s]vice ( ! ord] ( ! _w4 ,he mu/ be a    
sociologi/2 he mu/ /udy ! :ole sci5ce ( 
aggregations 9 relation to t ,_w ,/ate  
to :i* 8 reason & 8 mature/ ?\ght direct
 him4 ,he mu/ l5d himself to !          
developm5t ( aggregatory ideas t fav\r !
 civilis+ process1 & he mu/ d 8 be/ to  
promote ! dis9tegration ( aggregations &
 ! effacem5t ( aggregatory ideas1 t keep
 m5 n>r[ & unreasonably prejudic$ "o    
aga9/ ano!r4  ,he w1 ( c\rse1 "k t few  
m5 are ev5 rudely consi/5t 9 su* matt]s1
 t ! same man 9 diff]5t moods & on      
diff]5t occasions1 is capable ( ref]r+  
himself 9 p]fect good fai?1 n only to   
diff]5t1 b to contradictory l>g] be+s1 &

 t ! m important ?+ ab\t an aggregatory 
idea f ! ,/ate mak]'s po9t ( view is n s
 mu* :at x explicitly involves z :at x  
implicitly repudiates4 ,! natural man   
does n feel he is aggregat+ at all1     
unless he aggregates aga9/ some?+4 ,he  
ref]s himself to ! tribe2 he is loyal to
 ! tribe1 & q insep>ably he fe>s or     
dislikes ^? o!rs outside ! tribe4 ,!    
tribe is always at lea/ def5sively      
ho/ile & usually actively ho/ile to     
humanity beyond ! aggregation4 ,!       
,anti-idea1 x w\ld seem1 is insep>able f
 ! aggregatory idea2 x is a necessity ( 
! human m9d4 ,:5 we ?9k ( ! class ,a z  
desirable1 we ?9k ( ,n-,a z undesirable4
 ,! two ?+s are z inevitably connect$ z 
! t5dons ( our h&s1 s t :5 we flatt5 d[n
 our little f+]s on our palms1 ! f\r?   
digit1 :e!r we want x or n1 comes d[n   
halfway4 ,all real work+ gods1 "o may   
rem>k1 all gods t are wor%ipp$          
emotionally1 are tribal gods1 & e       
attempt to univ]salise ! idea ( ,god    
trails dualism & ! devil aft] x z a     

moral necessity4  ,:5 we inquire1 z well
 z ! un=m$ condition ( t]re/rial        
sociology p]mits1 into ! aggregatory    
ideas t seem to satisfy m51 we f9d a    
rem>kable complex1 a disord]ly complex1 
9 ! m9ds ( ne>ly all our civilis$       
contempor>ies4 ,= example1 all sorts (  
aggregatory ideas come & g across !     
*ameleon surfaces ( my botani/'s m9d4   
,he has a /rong feel+ = sy/ematic       
botani/s z aga9/ plant physiologi/s1 :om
 he reg>ds z lewd & evil sc\ndrels 9 ?is
 relation1 b he has a /rong feel+ = all 
botani/s1 &1 inde$1 all biologi/s1 z    
aga9/ physici/s1 & ^? :o pr(ess ! exact 
sci5ces1 all ( :om he reg>ds z dull1    
me*anical1 ugly-m9d$ sc\ndrels 9 ?is    
relation2 b he has a /rong feel+ = all  
:o pr(ess :at is call$ ,sci5ce z aga9/  
psy*ologi/s1 sociologi/s1 philosoph]s1 &
 lit]>y m51 :om he reg>ds z wild1       
fooli%1 immoral sc\ndrels 9 ?is         
relation2 b he has a /rong feel+ = all  
educat$ m5 z aga9/ ! work+ man1 :om he  
reg>ds z a *eat+1 ly+1 loaf+1 drunk51   

?ievi%1 dirty sc\ndrel 9 ?is relation2 b
 s soon z ! work+ man is compreh5d$     
toge!r ) ^? o!rs1 z ,engli%m5--:i*      
includes1 9 ?is case1 ,i may rem>k1 !   
,scotti% & ,wel%--he holds !m sup]ior to
 all o!r sorts ( ,european1 :om he      
reg>ds1 c4444  ,n[ "o p]ceives 9 all ^! 
aggregatory ideas & re>rangem5ts ( !    
sympa?ies "o ( ! *ief vices ( human     
?\ght1 due to its obsession by          
classificatory sugge/ions4 ,footnote3   
,see ,*apt] ! ,fir/1 section #e1 & !    
,app5dix4 ,! necessity = m>k+ our       
classes has br\ght ) x a bias = false & 
excessive contra/1 & we nev] inv5t a t]m
 b we are at once cramm+ x )            
implications beyond its legitimate      
cont5t4 ,!re is no feat ( irrelevance t 
p w n p]=m q easily 9 ?is way2 !re is no
 class1 h[ev] accid5tal1 to :i* !y w n  
at once ascribe deeply di/9ctive        
qualities4 ,! sev5? sons ( sev5? sons h 
rem>kable p[]s ( insight2 p ) a c]ta9   
sort ( e> commit crimes ( viol5ce2 p )  
r$ hair h s\ls ( fire2 all democratic   

sociali/s are tru/wor?y p]sons2 all p   
born 9 ,irel& h vivid imag9ations & all 
,engli%m5 are clods2 all ,h9doos are    
c[>dly li>s2 all curly-hair$ p are      
good-natur$2 all hun*-backs are en]getic
 & wick$1 & all ,fr5*m5 eat frogs4 ,su* 
/upid g5]alisations h be5 believ$ ) !   
utmo/ read9ess1 & act$ ^u by great      
numb]s ( sane1 respectable p4 ,& :5 !   
class is "o's own class1 :5 x expresses 
"o ( ! aggregations to :i* "o ref]s "o's
 own activities1 !n ! disposition to    
divide all qualities betwe5 ?is class & 
its conv]se1 & to cram "o's own class ) 
e desirable di/9ction1 becomes ov]:elm+4
  ,x is "p ( ! tra9+ ( ! philosoph] to  
reg>d all su* g5]alisations ) suspicion2
 x is "p ( ! tra9+ ( ! ,utopi/ &        
/atesman1 & all good /atesm5 are        
,utopi/s1 to m+le some?+ v l animosity )
 t suspicion4 ,= crude classifications &
 false g5]alisations are ! curse ( all  
organis$ human life4   ,section #b      
,disreg>d+ classes1 cliques1 sets1      
ca/es1 & ! l m9or aggregations1 conc]n$ 

= ! mo/ "p ) details & m9or aspects (   
life1 "o f9ds among ! civilis$ peoples (
 ! _w c]ta9 broad types ( aggregatory   
idea4 ,!re are1 fir/ly1 ! national      
ideas1 ideas :i*1 9 _! p]fection1       
require a uni=mity ( physical & m5tal   
type1 a common idiom1 a common religion1
 a di/9ctive /yle ( co/ume1 decoration1 
& ?\ght1 & a compact organisation act+ )
 complete ext]nal unity4 ,l ! ,go?ic    
ca!dral1 ! national idea is nev] f\nd   
complete ) all its p>ts2 b "o has 9     
,russia1 ) h] insi/5ce on political &   
religi\s or?odoxy1 some?+ approa*+ x    
pretty closely1 & aga9 9 ! inl& &       
typical prov9ces ( ,*9a1 :]e ev5 a      
/range patt]n ( hat ar\ses ho/ility4 ,we
 _h x 9 vigor\s /ruggle to exi/ 9 ,engl&
 "u ! e>li] ,georges 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o   
support$ ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4 ,! idea ( ! 
fundam5tal nature ( nationality is s    
+ra9$ 9 ?\ght1 ) all ! usual exagg]ation
 ( implication1 t no "o laughs at talk  
ab\t ,sw$i% pa9t+ or ,am]ican lit]ature4
 ,& ,i w confess & po9t out t my own    

deta*m5t f ^! delusions is s imp]fect & 
discont9u\s t 9 ano!r passage ,i h      
committ$ myself to a %ort ass]tion ( !  
exceptionally noble quality ( ! ,engli% 
imag9ation4 ,footnote3 ,*apt] ! ,sev5?1 
section #f4 ,i am con/antly gratifi$ by 
flatt]+ untru?s ab\t ,engli% sup]iority 
:i* ,i %\ld reject indignantly 7 !      
application bluntly p]sonal1 & ,i am ev]
 ready to believe ! sc5]y ( ,engl&1 !   
poetry ( ,engl&1 ev5 ! decoration &     
music ( ,engl&1 9 "s my/ic & impregnable
 way1 ! be/4 ,?is habit ( int5sify+ all 
class def9itions1 & p>ticul>ly ^? 9 :i* 
"o has a p]sonal int]e/1 is 9 ! v       
con/itution ( man's m9d4 ,x is "p ( !   
defect ( t in/rum5t4 ,we may wat* aga9/ 
x & prev5t x do+ any great inju/ices1 or
 lead+ u into follies1 b to eradicate x 
is an altoge!r diff]5t matt]4 ,!re x is1
 to be reckon$ )1 l ! coccyx1 ! p9eal   
eye1 & ! v]mi=m app5dix4 ,& a too       
consi/5t attack on x may lead simply to 
its inv]sion1 to a v9dictively          
pro-=eign] attitude t is equally unwise4

  ,! second sort ( aggregatory ideas1   
runn+ v (t5 across ! b\nd>ies ( national
 ideas & 9 conflict ) !m1 are religi\s  
ideas4 ,9 ,we/]n ,europe true national  
ideas only em]g$ to _! pres5t hectic    
vig\r aft] ! %ock ( ! ,re=mation _h     
lib]at$ m5 f ! great tradition ( a      
,lat9-speak+ ,*ri/5dom1 a tradition !   
,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* has su/a9$ z its  
modification ( ! old ,lat9-speak+       
,imp]ialism 9 ! rule ( ! pontifex       
maximus4 ,!re 01 & !re rema9s to ?is    
day1 a pr(\nd disreg>d ( local dialect &
 race 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic tradition1 :i*
 has made t ,*ur* a p]si/5tly           
dis9tegrat+ influ5ce 9 national life4   
,equally spaci\s & equally reg>dless (  
tongues & peoples is ! great            
,arabic-speak+ religion ( ,mahomet4 ,bo?
 ,*ri/5dom & ,islam are inde$ on _!     
secul> sides imp]fect realisations ( a  
,utopian ,_w ,/ate4 ,b ! secul> side 0 !
 weak] side ( ^! cults2 !y produc$ no   
suffici5tly great /atesm5 to realise _! 
spiritual =ces1 & x is n 9 ,rome "u     

pontifical rule1 nor 9 ,mun/] "u !      
,anabapti/s1 b r 9 ,?omas a ,kempis &   
,sa9t ,augu/9's ,city ( ,god t we mu/   
seek = ! ,utopias ( ,*ri/ianity4  ,9 !  
la/ hundr$ ye>s a novel developm5t (    
mat]ial =ces1 & especially ( means (    
communication1 has done v mu* to break  
up ! isolations 9 :i* nationality       
p]fect$ its prejudices & s to r5d]      
possible ! ext5sion & consolidation (   
su* a _w-wide culture z m$iaeval        
,*ri/5dom & ,islam =e%ad[$4 ,! fir/     
onset ( ^! expansive developm5ts has be5
 m>k$ 9 ! _w ( m9d by an expansion (    
political ideals--,comte's ,we/]n       
,republic 7#ahdh7 0 ! fir/ ,utopia t    
involv$ ! syn!sis ( num]\s ,/ates--by ! 
developm5t ( ,imp]ialisms 9 ! place (   
national policies1 & by ! se>* = a basis
 = wid] political unions 9 racial       
traditions & l+ui/ic aff9ities4         
,anglo-,saxonism1 ,pan-,g]manism1 & ! l 
are su* syn!tic ideas4 ,until !         
eighties1 ! g5]al t5d5cy ( progressive  
?\ght 0 at "o ) ! old] ,*ri/ian         

tradition :i* ignor$ race1 & ! aim ( !  
expansive lib]alism movem5t1 s f> z x _h
 a cle> aim1 0 to ,europeanise ! _w1 to 
ext5d ! fran*ise to negroes1 put        
,polynesians into tr\s]s1 & tra9 ! teem+
 myriads ( ,india to appreciate !       
exquisite lilt ( ,! ,lady ( ! ,lake4    
,!re is always "s absurdity mix$ ) human
 greatness1 & we mu/ n let ! fact t !   
middle ,victorians c\nt$ ,scott1 !      
suffrage & pantaloons among ! supreme   
bless+s ( life1 conceal f u ! v real    
nobility ( _! dream ( ,engl&'s mission  
to ! _w4444  ,we ( ?is g5]ation h se5 a 
flood ( reaction aga9/ su* univ]salism4 
,! great intellectual developm5ts t     
c5tre ^u ! "w ( ,d>w9 h exac]bat$ !     
realisation t life is a conflict betwe5 
sup]ior & inf]ior types1 x has und]l9$ !
 idea t specific survival rates are (   
prim>y significance 9 ! _w's developm5t1
 & a sw>m ( inf]ior intellig5ces has    
appli$ to human problems elaborat$ &    
exagg]at$ v]sions ( ^! g5]alisations4   
,^! social & political foll[]s ( ,d>w9 h

 fall5 into an obvi\s confusion betwe5  
race & nationality1 & into ! natural    
trap ( patriotic conceit4 ,! diss5t ( ! 
,indian & ,colonial gov]n+ class to !   
fir/ crude applications ( lib]al        
propositions 9 ,india has f\nd a voice (
 unp>allel$ p5etration 9 ,mr4 ,kipl+1 ^:
 want ( intellectual delib]ation is only
 equall$ by 8 poietic p[]4 ,! se>* = a  
basis = a new political syn!sis 9       
adaptable sympa?ies bas$ on l+ui/ic     
aff9ities1 0 greatly influ5c$ by ,max   
,mull]'s unacc\ntable assumption t      
language indicat$ k9dr$1 & l$ /raight to
 wildly speculative e?nology1 to !      
discov]y t !re 0 a ,keltic race1 a      
,teutonic race1 an ,indo-,european race1
 & s =?4 ,a book t has _h enorm\s       
influ5ce 9 ?is matt]1 because ( its use 
9 tea*+1 is ,j4 ,r4 ,gre5's ,%ort       
,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,p1 ) its grotesque 
insi/5ce ^u ,anglo-,saxonism4 ,& j n[1 !
 _w is 9 a sort ( delirium ab\t race & !
 racial /ruggle4 ,! ,briton =gett+ 8    
,defoe1 ,footnote3 ,! ,true-born        

,engli%man4 ! ,jew =gett+ ! v ^w        
proselyte1 ! ,g]man =gett+ 8            
an?ropometric v>iations1 & ! ,italian   
=gett+ ev]y?+1 are obsess$ by ! s+ul>   
purity ( _! blood1 & ! dang] (          
contam9ation ! m]e cont9uance ( o!r     
races involves4 ,true to ! law t all    
human aggregation involves ! developm5t 
( a _s ( opposition to :atev] is ext]nal
 to ! aggregation1 extraord9>y          
int5sifications ( racial def9ition are  
go+ on2 ! vil5ess1 ! inhumanity1 !      
incompatibility ( ali5 races is be+     
/eadily exagg]at$4 ,! natural t5d5cy ( e
 human be+ t[>ds a /upid conceit 9      
himself & 8 k9d1 a /upid depreciation ( 
all unlik5ess1 is trad$ ^u by ?is ba/>d 
sci5ce4 ,) ! weak5+ ( national ref]5ces1
 & ) ! pause be=e recon/ruction 9       
religi\s belief1 ^! new arbitr>y &      
unsub/antial race prejudices become     
daily m =midable4 ,!y are %ap+ policies 
& modify+ laws1 & !y w c]ta9ly be       
responsible = a l>ge proportion ( ! w>s1
 h>d%ips1 & cruelties ! imm$iate future 

holds 9 /ore = our e>?4  ,no            
g5]alisations ab\t race are too         
extravagant = ! inflam$ cr$ulity ( !    
pres5t "t4 ,no attempt is ev] made to   
di/+ui% diff]5ces 9 inh]5t quality--!   
true racial diff]5ces--f artificial     
diff]5ces due to culture4 ,no lesson    
seems ev] to be drawn f hi/ory ( !      
fluctuat+ incid5ce ( ! civilis+ process 
fir/ ^u ?is race & !n ^u t4 ,!          
politically asc5dant peoples ( ! pres5t 
phase are und]/ood to be ! sup]ior      
races1 includ+ su* types z ! ,sussex f>m
 lab\r]1 ! ,b[]y t\gh1 ! ,london        
hooligan1 & ! ,p>is apa*e2 ! races n at 
pres5t prosp]+ politically1 su* z !     
,egyptians1 ! ,greeks1 ! ,spani%1 !     
,moors1 ! ,*9ese1 ! ,h9doos1 !          
,p]uvians1 & all uncivilis$ p are       
repres5t$ z ! inf]ior races1 unfit to   
associate ) ! =m] on t]ms ( equality1   
unfit to int]m>ry ) !m on any t]ms1     
unfit = any decisive voice 9 human      
affairs4 ,9 ! popul> imag9ation ( ,we/]n
 ,europe1 ! ,*9ese are becom+ bright    

gamboge 9 col\r1 & unspeakably abom9able
 9 e respect2 ! p :o are black--! p :o h
 fuzzy hair & flatti% noses1 & no calves
 to speak (--are no long] held to be )9 
! pale ( humanity4 ,^! sup]/itions "w   
out along ! obvi\s l9es ( ! popul>      
logic4 ,! depopulation ( ! ,congo ,free 
,/ate by ! ,belgians1 ! horrible        
massacres ( ,*9ese by ,european soldi]y 
dur+ ! ,pek9 exp$ition1 are condon$ z a 
pa9ful b necess>y "p ( ! civilis+       
process ( ! _w4 ,! _w-wide repudiation (
 slav]y 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury 0 done aga9/ 
a va/ sull5 =ce ( ignorant pride1 :i*1  
re9vigorat$ by ! new delusions1 sw+s    
back aga9 to p[]4  ,sci5ce is suppos$ to
 l5d its sanction to race mania1 b x is 
only sci5ce z x is und]/ood by v        
illit]ate p t does any?+ ( !            
sort--sci5ti/s' sci5ce1 9 fact4 ,:at    
sci5ce has to tell ab\t ,! ,races ( ,man
 w be f\nd compactly set =? by ,doctor  
,j4 ,de9k]1 9 ! book publi%$ "u t title4
 ,footnote3 ,see also an excell5t pap] 9
 ! ,am]ican ,j\rnal ( ,sociology = ,m>*1

 #aijd1 ,! ,psy*ology ( ,race           
,prejudice1 by ,w4 ,i4 ,?omas4 ,f t book
 "o may le>n ! beg9n+s ( race *>ity4    
,save = a few isolat$ pools ( savage    
humanity1 !re is probably no pure race 9
 ! :ole _w4 ,! great cont95tal          
populations are all complex mixtures (  
num]\s & fluctuat+ types4 ,ev5 ! ,jews  
pres5t e k9d ( skull t is suppos$ to be 
racially di/9ctive1 a va/ range (       
complexion--f blackness 9 ,goa1 to      
extreme fairness 9 ,holl&--& a va/ m5tal
 & physical div]sity4 ,7 ! ,jews to     
discont9ue all int]m>riage ) o!r races  
h5ce=? = ev]1 x w\ld dep5d ^u q unkn[n  
laws ( fecundity1 prepot5cy1 &          
v>iability1 :at _! f9al type w\ld be1   
or1 inde$1 :e!r any p>ticul> type w\ld  
ev] prevail ov] div]sity4 ,&1 )\t go+   
beyond ! natives ( ! ,briti% ,isles1 "o 
c discov] an enorm\s range ( types1 tall
 & %ort1 /raight-hair$ & curly1 fair &  
d>k1 supremely intellig5t & untea*ably  
/upid1 /raight=w>d1 dis+5u\s1 & :at n4  
,! natural t5d5cy is to =get all ?is    

range directly race comes "u discussion1
 to take ei!r an av]age or "s q arbitr>y
 ideal z ! type1 & ?9k only ( t4 ,! m   
difficult ?+ to d1 b ! ?+ t mu/ be done 
if we are to get j results 9 ?is        
discussion1 is to d "o's be/ to be> !   
range 9 m9d4  ,let u admit t ! av]age   
,*9aman is probably diff]5t 9           
complexion1 &1 inde$1 9 all 8 physical &
 psy*ical proportions1 f ! av]age       
,engli%man4 ,does t r5d] _! association 
^u t]ms ( equality 9 a ,_w ,/ate        
impossible8 ,:at ! av]age ,*9aman or    
,engli%man may be1 is ( no importance   
:atev] to our plan ( a ,_w ,/ate4 ,x is 
n av]ages t exi/1 b individuals4 ,!     
av]age ,*9aman w nev] meet ! av]age     
,engli%man any:]e2 only individual      
,*9am5 w meet individual ,engli%m54 ,n[ 
among ,*9am5 w be f\nd a range ( v>iety 
z ext5sive z among ,engli%m51 & !re is  
no s+le trait pres5t$ by all ,*9am5 & no
 ,engli%man1 or vice v]sa4 ,ev5 !       
oblique eye is n univ]sal 9 ,*9a1 & !re 
are probably _m ,*9am5 :o might h be5   

*ang$ at bir?1 tak5 away & educat$ into 
q passable ,engli%m54 ,ev5 aft] we h    
sep>at$ out & all[$ = ! diff]5ces 9     
c>riage1 physique1 moral prepossessions1
 & s =?1 due to _! entirely div]g5t     
cultures1 !re rema9s1 no d\bt1 a v great
 diff]5ce betwe5 ! av]age ,*9aman & !   
av]age ,engli%man2 b w\ld t am\nt to a  
wid] diff]5ce ?an is to be f\nd betwe5  
extreme types ( ,engli%m58  ,= my own "p
 ,i d n ?9k t x w\ld4 ,b x is evid5t t  
any precise answ] c be made only :5     
an?ropology has adopt$ mu* m exact &    
exhau/ive me?ods ( inquiry1 & a f> m    
precise analysis ?an its pres5t res\rces
 p]mit4  ,be x rememb]$ h[ d\btful &    
ta9t$ is ! bulk ( our evid5ce 9 ^!      
matt]s4 ,^! are extraord9>ily subtle    
inquiries1 f :i* few m5 succe$ 9        
dis5tangl+ ! ?reads ( _! p]sonal        
associations--! curi\sly int]wov5 /r&s (
 self-love & self-int]e/ t affect _!    
inquiries4 ,"o might almo/ say t in/9ct 
fights aga9/ su* inve/igations1 z x does
 und\bt$ly aga9/ _m necess>y m$ical     

rese>*es4 ,b :ile a long special tra9+1 
a high tradition & ! possibility ( rew>d
 & di/9ction1 enable ! m$ical /ud5t to  
face _m tasks t are at once undignifi$ &
 physically repulsive1 ! p f :om we get 
our an?ropological in=mation are r>ely  
m5 ( m ?an av]age intellig5ce1 & ( no   
m5tal tra9+ at all4 ,& ! problems are f>
 m elusive4 ,x surely ne$s at lea/ !    
gifts & tra9+ ( a fir/-class noveli/1   
comb9$ ) a s$ul\s pati5ce t probably _c 
be hop$ = 9 comb9ation ) ^!1 to gauge ! 
all-r\nd diff]5ces betwe5 man & man4    
,ev5 :]e !re are no b>ri]s ( language & 
col\r1 und]/&+ may be ne>ly impossible4 
,h[ few educat$ p seem to und]/& !      
s]vant class 9 ,engl&1 or ! work+ m56   
,except = ,mr4 ,b>t ,k5n$y's ,a ,man    
,adrift1 ,i "k ( sc>cely any book t %[s 
a really sympa!tic & liv+ und]/&+ ( !   
navvy1 ! long%ore sailor man1 ! r\gh *ap
 ( our own race4 ,c>icatures1 luridly   
tragic or gaily comic1 9 :i* !          
misconceptions ( ! au?or bl5d ) !       
preconceptions ( ! read] & a*ieve       

success1 are1 ( c\rse1 common en\gh4 ,& 
!n consid] ! sort ( p :o pron\nce       
judgm5ts on ! moral & intellectual      
capacity ( ! negro1 ! ,malay1 or !      
,*9aman4 ,y h mission>ies1 native       
s*oolma/]s1 employ]s ( coolies1 trad]s1 
simple d[nright m51 :o sc>cely suspect !
 exi/5ce ( any s\rces ( error 9 _!      
v]dicts1 :o are incapable ( und]/&+ !   
diff]5ce betwe5 :at is innate & :at is  
acquir$1 mu* less ( di/+ui%+ !m 9 _!    
int]play4 ,n[ & !n "o seems to h a      
glimpse ( some?+ really liv+--9 ,m>y    
,k+sley's buoyant "w1 = in/ance--& ev5 t
 may be no m ?an my illusion4  ,= my own
 "p ,i am dispos$ to disc\nt all adv]se 
judgm5ts & all /atem5ts ( insurm\ntable 
diff]5ces betwe5 race & race4 ,i talk ^u
 racial qualities to all m5 :o h _h     
opportunities ( close obs]vation1 & ,i  
f9d t _! insi/5ce ^u ^! diff]5ces is    
usually 9 inv]se proportion to _!       
intellig5ce4 ,x may be ! *ance ( my     
enc\nt]s1 b t is my cle> impression4    
,common sailors w g5]alise 9 ! pr(\nde/ 

way ab\t ,iri%m51 & ,scot*m51 &         
,yankees1 & ,nova ,scotians1 & ,dut*ies1
 until "o might ?9k "o talk$ ( diff]5t  
species ( animal1 b ! educat$ explor]   
fl+s cle> ( all ^! delusions4 ,to him m5
 pres5t !mselves individualis$1 & if !y 
classify x is by "s sk9-deep accid5t (  
t9t1 "s trick ( ! tongue1 or habit (    
ge/ure1 or su*-l sup]ficiality4 ,& aft] 
all !re exi/s to-day available "o k9d at
 lea/ ( unbiass$ an?ropological evid5ce4
 ,!re are photographs4 ,let ! read] turn
 ov] ! pages ( "s su* copi\sly illu/rat$
 "w z ,! ,liv+ ,races ( ,mank9d1        
,footnote3 ,! ,liv+ ,races ( ,mank9d1 by
 ,h4 ,n4 ,hut*9son1 ,j4 ,w4 ,gregory1 & 
,r4 ,lydekk]4 7,hut*9son47 & look into !
 eyes ( "o ali5 face aft] ano!r4 ,are !y
 n v l ! p "o kn[s8 ,= ! mo/ "p1 "o f9ds
 x h>d to believe t1 ) a common language
 & common social traditions1 "o w\ld n  
get on v well ) ^! p4 ,"h or !re is a   
bruti% or evil face1 b y c f9d z bruti% 
& evil 9 ! ,/r& on any aft]noon4 ,!re   
are diff]5ces no d\bt1 b fundam5tal     

incompatibilities--no6 ,& v _m ( !m s5d 
out a ray ( special resemblance & rem9d 
"o m /rongly ( ?is fri5d or t1 ?an !y d 
( _! own k9d4 ,"o notes ) surprise t    
"o's good fri5d & neighb\r ,x & an      
anonym\s nak$ ,gold ,coa/ negro belong  
to "o type1 z di/+ui%$ f "o's de> fri5d 
,y & a beam+ individual f ,somalil&1 :o 
z c]ta9ly belong to ano!r4  ,9 "o matt] 
! c>eless & prejudic$ nature ( accept$  
racial g5]alisations is p>ticul>ly m>k$4
 ,a great & increas+ numb] ( p are      
p]suad$ t half-bre$s are peculi>ly evil 
creatures--z hun*backs & ba/>ds 7       
suppos$ to be 9 ! middle ages4 ,! full  
leg5d ( ! wick$ness ( ! half-bre$ is be/
 to be le>nt f a drunk5 mean :ite f     
,virg9ia or ! ,cape4 ,! half-bre$1 "o   
he>s1 comb9es all ! vices ( ei!r p>5t1  
he is wret*$ly poor 9 heal? & _s1 b     
v9dictive1 p[]ful1 & dang]\s to an      
extreme degree1 8 morals--! mean :ite   
has high & exact+ /&>ds--are            
indescribable ev5 9 :isp]s 9 a saloon1 &
 s on1 & s on4 ,!re is really n an atom 

( evid5ce an unprejudic$ m9d w\ld accept
 to su/a9 any belief ( ! sort4 ,!re is  
no?+ to %[ t ! *ildr5 ( racial admixture
 are1 z a class1 inh]5tly ei!r bett] or 
worse 9 any respect ?an ei!r p>5t4 ,!re 
is an equally baseless !ory t !y are    
bett]1 a !ory display$ to a f9e degree (
 fooli%ness 9 ! article on ,%akespe>e 9 
! ,encyclopa$ia ,britannica4 ,bo? !ories
 belong to ! va/ edifice ( %am sci5ce t 
smo!rs ! realities ( mod]n k4 ,x may be 
t mo/ half-bre$s are failures 9 life1 b 
t proves no?+4 ,!y are1 9 an enorm\s    
numb] ( cases1 illegitimate & outca/ f !
 normal education ( ei!r race2 !y are   
br\ght up 9 homes t are ! battle-gr\nds 
( conflict+ cultures2 !y lab\r "u a     
heavy premium ( disadvantage4 ,!re is1 (
 c\rse1 a pass+ sugge/ion ( ,d>w9's to  
acc\nt = atavism t might g to support ! 
!ory ( ! vil5ess ( half-bre$s1 if x _h  
ev] be5 prov$4 ,b1 !n1 x nev] has be5   
prov$4 ,!re is no pro( 9 ! matt] at all4
   ,section #c  ,suppose1 n[1 !re is su*
 a ?+ z an all-r\nd inf]ior race4 ,is t 

any reason :y we %\ld propose to pres]ve
 x = ev] 9 a condition ( tutelage8 ,:e!r
 !re is a race s inf]ior ,i d n "k1 b   
c]ta9ly !re is no race s sup]ior z to be
 tru/$ ) human *>ges4 ,! true answ] to  
,ari/otle's plea = slav]y1 t !re are    
natural slaves1 lies 9 ! fact t !re are 
no natural ma/]s4 ,p[] is no m to be    
committ$ to m5 )\t discipl9e &          
re/riction ?an alcohol4 ,! true         
objection to slav]y is n t x is unju/ to
 ! inf]ior b t x corrupts ! sup]ior4    
,!re is only "o sane & logical ?+ to be 
done ) a really inf]ior race1 & t is to 
ext]m9ate x4  ,n[ !re are v>i\s ways (  
ext]m9at+ a race1 & mo/ ( !m are cruel4 
,y may end x ) fire & sword aft] ! old  
,hebrew fa%ion2 y may enslave x & "w x  
to dea?1 z ! ,spani>ds did ! ,c>ibs2 y  
may set x b\nd>ies & !n poison x sl[ly )
 delet]i\s commodities1 z ! ,am]icans d 
) mo/ ( _! ,indians2 y may incite x to  
we> clo?+ to :i* x is n accu/om$ & to   
live "u new & /range conditions t w     
expose x to infecti\s diseases to :i* y 

y\rselves are immune1 z ! mission>ies d 
! ,polynesians2 y may resort to hone/   
simple murd]1 z we ,engli% did ) !      
,tasmanians2 or y c ma9ta9 su*          
conditions z conduce to race suicide1 z 
! ,briti% adm9i/ration does 9 ,fiji4    
,suppose1 !n1 = a mom5t1 t !re is an    
all-r\nd inf]ior race2 a ,mod]n ,utopia 
is "u ! h>d logic ( life1 & x w\ld h to 
ext]m9ate su* a race z quickly z x c\ld4
 ,on ! :ole1 ! ,fijian device seems !   
lea/ cruel4 ,b ,utopia w\ld d t )\t any 
clums9ess ( race di/9ction1 9 exactly ! 
same mann]1 & by ! same ma*9]y1 z x     
ext]m9ates all its own defective &      
inf]ior /ra9s2 t is to say1 z we h      
already discuss$ 9 ,*apt] ! ,fif?1      
section #a1 by its m>riage laws1 & by ! 
laws ( ! m9imum wage4 ,t ext9ction ne$  
nev] be discrim9atory4 ,if any ( ! race 
did1 aft] all1 prove to be fit to       
survive1 !y w\ld survive--!y w\ld be    
pick$ out ) a sure & automatic ju/ice f 
! ov]-ready condemnation ( all _! k9d4  
,is !re1 h[ev]1 an all-r\nd inf]ior race

 9 ! _w8 ,ev5 ! ,au/ralian black-fell[  
is1 p]haps1 n q s entirely eligible =   
ext9ction z a good1 :olesome1           
horse-rac+1 %eep-f>m+ ,au/ralian :ite   
may ?9k4 ,^! que] little races1 !       
black-fell[s1 ! ,pigmies1 ! ,bu%m51 may 
h _! little gifts1 a great] ke5ness1 a  
great] f95ess ( ?is s5se or t1 a        
qua9tness ( ! imag9ation or :at n1 t may
 s]ve z _! little unique addition to !  
totality ( our ,utopian civilisation4   
,we are suppos+ t e individual alive on 
e>? is alive 9 ,utopia1 & s all !       
surviv+ black-fell[s are !re4 ,e "o ( !m
 9 ,utopia has _h :at none h _h on e>?1 
a fair education & fair treatm5t1       
ju/ice1 & opportunity4 ,suppose t !     
common idea is "r ab\t ! g5]al          
inf]iority ( ^! p1 !n x w\ld foll[ t 9  
,utopia mo/ ( !m are *ildless1 & work+  
at or ab\t ! m9imum wage1 & "s w h pass$
 out ( all possibility ( (fspr+ "u ! h& 
( ! (f5d$ law2 b /ill--_c we imag9e "s  
few ( ^! little p--:om y mu/ suppose    
nei!r nak$ nor clo!d 9 ! ,european /yle1

 b rob$ 9 ! ,utopian fa%ion--may h f\nd 
"s delicate art to practise1 "s peculi> 
sort ( c>v+1 = example1 t ju/ifies ,god 
9 creat+ !m8 ,utopia has s\nd sanit>y   
laws1 s\nd social laws1 s\nd economic   
laws2 :at h>m are ^! p go+ to d8  ,"s   
may be ev5 prosp]\s & admir$1 may h     
m>ri$ wom5 ( _! own or "s o!r race1 & s 
may be transmitt+ t di/9ctive ?9 ?read (
 excell5ce1 to take its due place 9 !   
great syn!sis ( ! future4  ,&1 inde$1   
com+ along t t]race 9 ,utopia1 ,i see a 
little figure1 a little bright-ey$1     
be>d$ man1 inky black1 frizzy hair$1 &  
clad 9 a :ite tunic & black hose1 & ) a 
mantle ( lemon yell[ wrapp$ ab\t 8      
%\ld]s4 ,he walks1 z mo/ ,utopians walk1
 z ?\gh he _h reason to be pr\d (       
some?+1 z ?\gh he _h no reason to be    
afraid ( any?+ 9 ! _w4 ,he c>ries a     
portfolio 9 8 h&4 ,x is t1 ,i suppose1 z
 mu* z 8 hair1 t recalls ! ,qu>ti] ,lat9
 to my m9d4   ,section #d  ,i _h already
 discuss$ ! "q ( race ) ! botani/ at    
,luc]ne4  ,b y w\ld n l1 he cri$ 9      

horror1 y\r daught] to m>ry a ,*9aman or
 a negro8  ,( c\rse1 said ,i1 :5 y say  
,*9aman1 y ?9k ( a creature ) a pigtail1
 long nails1 & insanit>y habits1 & :5 y 
say negro y ?9k ( a fil?y-head$1 black  
creature 9 an old hat4 ,y d ?is because 
y\r imag9ation is too feeble to         
dis5tangle ! inh]5t qualities ( a ?+ f  
its habitual associations4  ,insult     
isn't argum5t1 said ! botani/4  ,nei!r  
is uns\nd implication4 ,y make a "q (   
race into a "q ( unequal cultures4 ,y   
w\ld n l y\r daught] to m>ry ! sort (   
negro :o /eals h5s1 b !n y w\ld also n l
 y\r daught] to m>ry a pure ,engli%     
hun*back ) a squ9t1 or a drunk5 cab t\t 
( ,norman blood4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 v   
few well-br$ ,engli% girls d commit t   
sort ( indiscretion4 ,b y don't ?9k x   
necess>y to g5]alise aga9/ m5 ( y\r own 
race because !re are drunk5 cab t\ts1 & 
:y %\ld y g5]alise aga9/ negroes8       
,because ! proportion ( undesirables is 
high] among negroes1 t does n ju/ify a  
sweep+ condemnation4 ,y may h to condemn

 mo/1 b :y all8 ,!re may be--nei!r ( u  
kn[s en\gh to d5y--negroes :o are       
h&some1 capable1 c\rage\s4  ,ugh6 said !
 botani/4  ,h[ dete/able y mu/ f9d      
,o!llo6  ,x is my ,utopia1 & = a mom5t  
,i c\ld almo/ f9d x 9 my he>t to spite !
 botani/ by creat+ a mod]n ,desdemona & 
h] lov] sooty black to ! lips1 !re be=e 
our eyes4 ,b ,i am n s sure ( my case z 
t1 & = ! mom5t !re %all come no?+ m ?an 
a sw>t-fac$1 dusky ,burmese woman 9 !   
dress ( ! ,great] ,rule1 ) h] tall      
,engli%man 7z he might be on e>?7 at h] 
side4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is a digression f my   
conv]sation ) ! botani/4  ,& ! ,*9aman8 
said ! botani/4  ,i ?9k we %all h all ! 
buff & yell[ peoples int]m+l+ pretty    
freely4  ,*9am5 & :ite wom51 = example4 
,yes1 ,i said1 y've got to swall[ t1    
anyh[2 y %all swall[ t4  ,he f9ds ! idea
 too revolt+ = comm5t4  ,i try & make ! 
?+ seem easi] = him4 ,d try1 ,i said1 to
 grasp a ,mod]n ,utopian's conditions4  
,! ,*9aman w speak ! same language z 8  
wife--:atev] h] race may be--he w we>   

co/ume ( ! common civilis$ fa%ion1 he w 
h mu* ! same education z 8 ,european    
rival1 read ! same lit]ature1 b[ to !   
same traditions4 ,& y mu/ rememb] a wife
 9 ,utopia is s+ul>ly n subject to h]   
husb&4444  ,! botani/ proclaims 8       
inv9cible conclusion3 ,ev]yone w\ld cut 
h]6  ,?is is ,utopia1 ,i said1 & !n     
s\ght once m to tranquillise 8 m9d4 ,no 
d\bt among ! vulg>1 co>se-m9d$ p outside
 ! ,rule !re may be some?+ ( ! sort4 ,e 
e>?ly moral blockhead1 a little educat$1
 p]haps1 is to be f\nd 9 ,utopia4 ,y w1 
no d\bt1 f9d ! 'cut' & ! 'boycott1' &   
all ^? nice little devices by :i* dull p
 get a ke5 edge on life1 9 _! place "h1 
& _! place "h is some:]e----  ,i turn$ a
 ?umb e>?w>d4 ,!re6  ,! botani/ did n   
answ] = a little :ile4 ,!n he said1 ) "s
 temp] & great emphasis3 ,well1 ,i'm    
jolly glad anyh[ t ,i'm n to be a       
p]man5t resid5t 9 ?is ,utopia1 if our   
daught]s are to be m>ri$ to ,hott5tots  
by regulation4 ,i'm jolly glad4  ,he    
turn$ 8 back on me4  ,n[ did ,i say     

any?+ ( ! sort8 444  ,i _h to br+ him1  
,i suppose2 !re's no gett+ away f him 9 
?is life4 ,b1 z ,i h already obs]v$1 !  
happy anci5ts w5t to _! ,utopias )\t ?is
 sort ( company4   ,section #e  ,:at    
gives ! botani/ s great an advantage 9  
all 8 ,anti-,utopian utt]ances is 8     
unconsci\sness ( 8 own limitations4 ,he 
?9ks 9 little pieces t lie ab\t loose1 &
 no?+ has any necess>y l9k ) any?+ else 
9 8 m9d4 ,s t ,i _c retort ^u him by    
ask+ him1 if he objects to ?is syn!sis (
 all nations1 tongues & peoples 9 a ,_w 
,/ate1 :at alt]native ideal he proposes4
  ,p ( ?is sort d n ev5 feel ! ne$ (    
alt]natives4 ,beyond ! scope ( a few    
p]sonal projects1 meet+ ,h] aga91 & ?+s 
l t1 !y d n feel t !re is a future4 ,!y 
are un5cumb]$ by any baggage (          
convictions :atev]1 9 relation to t4 ,t1
 at lea/1 is ! only way 9 :i* ,i c      
expla9 our fri5d's high intellectual    
mobility4 ,attempts to correlate        
/atesman%ip1 :i* !y reg>d ) int]e/ z a  
dramatic int]play ( p]sonalities1 ) any 

secul> movem5t ( humanity1 !y class ) ! 
diff]5tial calculus & ,d>w9ism1 z ?+s f>
 too difficult to be any?+ b f9ally &   
subtly wrong4  ,s ! argum5t mu/ pass    
into a direct address to ! read]4  ,if y
 are n prep>$ to reg>d a _w-wide syn!sis
 ( all cultures & polities & races into 
"o ,_w ,/ate z ! desirable end ^u :i*   
all civilis+ ef=ts conv]ge1 :at d y     
reg>d z ! desirable end8 ,syn!sis1 "o   
may rem>k 9 pass+1 does n necess>ily    
mean fusion1 nor does x mean uni=mity4  
,! alt]natives fall r\ghly "u ?ree      
head+s4 ,! fir/ is to assume !re is a   
be/ race1 to def9e z well z "o c t be/  
race1 & to reg>d all o!r races z mat]ial
 = ext]m9ation4 ,?is has a f9e1 mod]n1  
biological air 7,survival ( ! ,fitte/74 
,if y are "o ( ^? que] ,g]man pr(essors 
:o write insanity ab\t ,welt-,politik1 y
 assume ! be/ race is ! ,teutonic2      
,cecil ,rhodes affect$ t triumph (      
creative imag9ation1 ! ,anglo-,saxon    
race2 my fri5d1 ,moses ,coh51 ?9ks !re  
is mu* to be said = ! ,jew4 ,on its     

premises1 ?is is a p]fectly s\nd &      
reasonable policy1 & x op5s out a       
brilliant prospect = ! sci5tific inv5tor
 = :at "o might call ,welt-,app>at 9 !  
future1 = national h>r[+ & reap+ ma*9es1
 & race-de/roy+ fumigations4 ,! great   
pla9 ( ,*9a 7,yell[ ,p]il7 l5ds itself  
p>ticul>ly to "s /rik+ :olesale         
und]tak+2 x might1 = example1 be flood$ 
= a few days1 & !n dis9fect$ ) volcanic 
*lor9e4 ,:e!r1 :5 all ! inf]ior races h 
be5 /amp$ out1 ! sup]ior race w\ld n    
proce$ at once1 or aft] a brief         
mill5nial p]iod ( social h>mony1 to     
divide itself into sub-classes1 & beg9 !
 bus9ess ov] aga9 at a high] level1 is  
an int]e/+ residual "q into :i* we ne$ n
 n[ p5etrate4  ,t complete developm5t ( 
a sci5tific ,welt-,politik is n1 h[ev]1 
v widely advocat$ at pres5t1 no d\bt f a
 want ( confid5ce 9 ! public imag9ation4
 ,we h1 h[ev]1 a v audible & influ5tial 
s*ool1 ! ,mod]n ,imp]iali/ s*ool1 :i*   
di/+ui%es its own race--!re is a ,g]man1
 a ,briti%1 & an ,anglo-,saxon section 9

 ! s*ool1 & a wid] tea*+ :i* embraces ! 
:ole :ite race 9 "o rem>kable           
tol]ance--z ! sup]ior race1 z "o1 inde$1
 sup]ior en\gh to own slaves1           
collectively1 if n individually2 & !    
expon5ts ( ?is doctr9e look ) a         
resolute1 trucul5t1 b slightly indi/9ct 
eye to a future 9 :i* all ! re/ ( ! _w w
 be 9 subjection to ^! elect4 ,! ideals 
( ?is type are set =? pretty cle>ly 9   
,mr4 ,kidd's ,control ( ! ,tropics4 ,!  
:ole _w is to be adm9i/]$ by ! :ite     
,p[]s--,mr4 ,kidd did n anticipate      
,japan--:o w see to x t _! subjects d n 
prev5t ! utilisation ( ! imm5se natural 
res\rces :i* !y h 9 *>ge4 ,^? o!r races 
are to be reg>d$ z *ildr51 recalcitrant 
*ildr5 at times1 & )\t any ( ! t5d]     
emotions ( pat]nity4 ,x is a little     
d\btful :e!r ! races lack+ 9 ! elem5t>y 
qualities ( social effici5cy are expect$
 to acquire !m "u ! *a/5+ h&s ( ^? races
 :i*1 ?r\gh /r5g? & en]gy ( "*1         
humanity1 probity1 & integrity1 & a     
s+le-m9d$ devotion to conceptions (     

duty1 are develop+ ! res\rces ( ! ri*e/ 
regions ( ! e>? ov] _! heads1 or :e!r   
?is is ! ultimate ideal4  ,next comes ! 
r incoh]5t alt]native t "o associates 9 
,engl& ) (ficial ,lib]alism4  ,lib]alism
 9 ,engl& is n q ! same ?+ z ,lib]alism 
9 ! re/ ( ! _w2 x is wov5 ( two /r&s4   
,!re is ,:iggism1 ! p[]ful tradition (  
sev5te5?-c5tury ,prote/ant & republican 
,engl&1 ) its great debt to republican  
,rome1 its /rong con/ructive &          
discipl9>y bias1 its broad & orig9ally v
 liv+ & intellig5t outlook2 & int]wov5 )
 ?is !re is ! s5tim5tal & logical       
,lib]alism t sprang f ! /resses ( !     
eighte5? c5tury1 t f9ds its e>ly sc>ce  
diff]5tiat$ expression 9 ,h>r+ton's     
,oceana1 & aft] fre% draughts ( !       
tradition ( ,brutus & ,cato & "s elegant
 trifl+ ) noble savages1 budd$ 9 ,la    
,cite ,morelly/e1 fl[]$ 9 ! emotional   
democratic naturalism ( ,r\sseau1 & bore
 abundant fruit 9 ! ,fr5* ,revolution4  
,^! are two v di/9ct /r&s4 ,directly !y 
7 fre$ 9 ,am]ica f ! grip ( conflict )  

,briti% ,toryism1 !y came ap>t z !      
,republican & ,democratic p>ties        
respectively4 ,_! cont9u$ union 9 ,great
 ,brita9 is a political accid5t4        
,because ( ?is mixture1 ! :ole c>e] (   
,engli%-speak+ ,lib]alism1 ?\gh x has   
gone to "o unbrok5 /ra9 ( eloqu5ce1 has 
nev] produc$ a cle> /atem5t ( policy 9  
relation to o!r peoples politically less
 =tunate4 ,x has develop$ no def9ite    
ideas at all ab\t ! future ( mank9d4 ,! 
,:ig disposition1 :i* once _h "s play 9 
,india1 0 c]ta9ly to attempt to         
anglicise ! native1 to assimilate 8     
culture1 & !n to assimilate 8 political 
/atus ) t ( 8 tempor>y rul]4 ,b int]wov5
 ) ?is anglicis+ t5d5cy1 :i* 0 also1 by 
! bye1 a ,*ri/ianis+ t5d5cy1 0 a /rong  
disposition1 d]iv$ f ! ,r\sseau /r&1 to 
leave o!r peoples alone1 to facilitate  
ev5 ! sep>ation & autonomy ( deta*$     
portions ( our own peoples1 to          
dis9tegrate f9ally into p]fect1 because 
lawless1 individuals4 ,! (ficial        
exposition ( ,briti% ,lib]alism to-day  

/ill wriggles un/ably because ( ^!      
conflict+ con/itu5ts1 b on ! :ole ! ,:ig
 /r& n[ seems ! weak]4 ,! contempor>y   
,lib]al politician (f]s cog5t criticism 
^u ! brutality & conceit ( mod]n        
imp]ialisms1 b t seems to be ! limit ( 8
 s]vice4 ,tak+ :at !y d n say & d n     
propose z an indication ( ,lib]al       
int5tions1 x w\ld seem t ! ideal ( !    
,briti% ,lib]als & ( ! ,am]ican         
,democrats is to fav\r ! exi/5ce ( j z  
_m petty1 loosely alli$1 or q indep5d5t 
nationalities z possible1 j z _m        
languages z possible1 to deprecate      
armies & all controls1 & to tru/ to !   
innate goodness ( disord] & ! p[]s ( an 
ard5t s5tim5tality to keep ! _w clean & 
sweet4 ,! ,lib]als w n face ! pla9      
consequ5ce t su* a /ate ( affairs is    
hopelessly un/able1 t x involves !      
maximum risk ( w> ) ! m9imum ( p]man5t  
b5efit & public ord]4 ,!y w n reflect t 
! />s 9 _! c\rses rule inexorably aga9/ 
x4 ,x is a vague1 impossible ideal1 ) a 
rude sort ( unworldly moral beauty1 l ! 

gospel ( ! ,d\khobors4 ,besides t *>m x 
has ?is mo/ s$uctive quality to an      
(ficial ,briti% ,lib]al1 t x does n     
exact intellectual activity nor inde$   
activity ( any sort :atev]4 ,x is1 by   
virtue ( t alone1 a f> less mis*iev\s   
doctr9e ?an ! crude & viol5t ,imp]ialism
 ( ! popul> ,press4  ,nei!r ( ^! two    
s*ools ( policy1 nei!r ! int]national   
laiss] faire ( ! ,lib]als1 nor hu/le to 
! top ,imp]ialism1 promise any reality (
 p]man5t progress = ! _w ( m54 ,!y are !
 resort1 ! moral ref]5ce1 ( ^? :o w n   
?9k frankly & exhau/ively ov] ! :ole    
field ( ?is "q4 ,d t1 insi/ ^u solutions
 ( m ?an accid5tal applicability1 & y   
em]ge ) "o or o!r ( two contra/$        
solutions1 z ! consci\sness ( k9d or !  
consci\sness ( individuality prevails 9 
y\r m9d4 ,9 ! =m] case y w adopt        
aggressive ,imp]ialism1 b y w c>ry x out
 to its ?or\gh degree ( ext]m9ation4 ,y 
w seek to develop ! culture & p[] ( y\r 
k9d ( m5 & wom5 to ! utmo/ 9 ord] to    
%\ld] all o!r k9ds f ! e>?4 ,if on ! o!r

 h& y appreciate ! unique1 y w aim at   
su* a syn!sis z ?is ,utopia displays1 a 
syn!sis f> m cr$ible & possible ?an any 
o!r ,welt-,politik4 ,9 spite ( all !    
pageant ( mod]n w>1 syn!sis is 9 ! tr5d 
( ! _w4 ,to aid & develop x1 c\ld be    
made ! op5 & secure policy ( any great  
mod]n empire n[4 ,mod]n w>1 mod]n       
int]national ho/ility is1 ,i believe1   
possible only ?r\gh ! /upid illit]acy ( 
! mass ( m5 & ! conceit & intellectual  
indol5ce ( rul]s & ^? :o fe$ ! public   
m9d4 ,7 ! w ( ! mass ( m5 lit &         
consci\s1 ,i am firmly conv9c$ x w\ld n[
 burn /eadily = syn!sis & peace4  ,x    
w\ld be s easy to br+ ab\t a _w peace )9
 a few decades1 0 !re b ! w = x among   
m56 ,! great empires t exi/ ne$ b a     
little spee* & frankness "o ) ano!r4    
,)91 ! riddles ( social ord] are already
 half solv$ 9 books & ?\ght1 !re are !  
common p & ! subject peoples to be      
educat$ & drill$1 to be l$ to a common  
spee* & a common lit]ature1 to be       
assimilat$ & made citiz5s2 )\t1 !re is !

 possibility ( treaties4 ,:y1 = example1
 %\ld ,brita9 & ,france1 or ei!r & !    
,unit$ ,/ates1 or ,sw$5 & ,norway1 or   
,holl&1 or ,d5m>k1 or ,italy1 fight any 
m = ev]8 ,& if !re is no reason1 h[     
fooli% & dang]\s x is /ill to su/a9     
l+ui/ic diff]5ces & cu/om h\ses1 & all  
sorts ( fooli% & irritat+ di/9ctions    
betwe5 _! v>i\s citiz5s6 ,:y %\ld n all 
^! peoples agree to tea* "s common      
language1 ,fr5*1 = example1 9 _! common 
s*ools1 or to tea* ea* o!r's languages  
reciprocally8 ,:y %\ld !y n aim at a    
common lit]ature1 & br+ _! v>i\s common 
laws1 _! m>riage laws1 & s on1 into     
uni=mity8 ,:y %\ld !y n "w = a uni=m    
m9imum ( lab\r conditions ?r\gh all _!  
communities8 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld !y n--except 
9 ! int]e/s ( a few rascal              
plutocrats--trade freely & ex*ange _!   
citiz5%ip freely ?r\gh\t _! common      
b\nd>ies8 ,no d\bt !re are difficulties 
to be f\nd1 b !y are q f9ite            
difficulties4 ,:at is !re to prev5t a   
p>allel movem5t ( all ! civilis$ ,p[]s 9

 ! _w t[>ds a common ideal &            
assimilation8  ,/upidity--no?+ b        
/upidity1 a /upid brute jeal\sy1 aimless
 & unju/ifiable4  ,! co>s] conceptions (
 aggregation are at h&1 ! ho/ile1 jeal\s
 patriotisms1 ! bl>e ( trumpets & !     
pride ( fools2 !y s]ve ! daily ne$ ?\gh 
!y lead t[>ds disa/]4 ,! real & !       
imm$iate has u 9 its grip1 ! accid5tal  
p]sonal ?+4 ,! little ef=t ( ?\ght1 !   
brief su/a9$ ef=t ( w1 is too mu* = !   
contempor>y m9d4 ,su* treaties1 su*     
sympa!tic int]national movem5ts1 are b  
dream /uff yet on e>?1 ?\gh ,utopia has 
realis$ !m long s9ce & already pass$ !m 
by4    ,,*apt] ,,! ,,elev5?  ,! ,bubble 
,bur/s   ,section #a  ,z ,i walk back   
along ! riv] t]race to ! hotel :]e !    
botani/ awaits me1 & obs]ve ! ,utopians 
,i enc\nt]1 ,i h no ?\ght t my t5ure (  
,utopia becomes e mom5t m prec>i\s4 ,!re
 float 9 my m9d vague anticipations ( m 
talks ) my d\ble & /ill m1 ( a /eady    
elaboration ( detail1 ( int]e/+ j\rneys 
( exploration4 ,i =get t a ,utopia is a 

?+ ( ! imag9ation t becomes m fragile ) 
e add$ circum/ance1 t1 l a soap-bubble1 
x is mo/ brilliantly & v>i\sly col\r$ at
 ! v in/ant ( its dissolution4 ,?is     
,utopia is ne>ly done4 ,all ! broad l9es
 ( its social organisation are complet$ 
n[1 ! discussion ( all its g5]al        
difficulties & problems4 ,utopian       
individuals pass me by1 f9e build+s t[] 
on ei!r h&2 x does n occur to me t ,i   
may look too closely4 ,to f9d ! p assum+
 ! concrete & individual1 is n1 z ,i    
fondly imag9e1 ! la/ triumph (          
realisation1 b ! swimm+ mom5t ( opacity 
be=e ! film gives way4 ,to come to      
individual emotional cases1 is to return
 to ! e>?4  ,i f9d ! botani/ sitt+ at a 
table 9 ! hotel c\rty>d4  ,well8 ,i say1
 /&+ be=e him4  ,i've be5 9 ! g>d5s on !
 riv] t]race1 he answ]s1 hop+ ,i might  
see h] aga94  ,no?+ bett] to d8  ,no?+ 9
 ! _w4  ,y'll h y\r d\ble back f ,india 
to-morr[4 ,!n y'll h conv]sation4  ,i   
don't want x1 he replies1 compactly4  ,i
 %rug my %\ld]s1 & he adds1 ,at lea/ )  

him4  ,i let myself d[n into a seat     
beside him4  ,= a "t ,i sit re/fully    
enjoy+ 8 companionable sil5ce1 & ?9k+   
fragm5t>ily ( ^? samurai & _! ,rules4 ,i
 ent]ta9 some?+ ( ! satisfaction ( a man
 :o has f9i%$ build+ a bridge2 ,i feel t
 ,i h jo9$ toge!r ?+s t ,i _h nev] jo9$ 
be=e4 ,my ,utopia seems real to me1 v   
real1 ,i c believe 9 x1 until ! metal   
*air-back gives to my %\ld] blades1 &   
,utopian sp>r[s twitt] & hop be=e my    
feet4 ,i h a pleasant mom5t ( unhesitat+
 self-satisfaction2 ,i feel a %ameless  
exultation to be !re4 ,= a mom5t ,i =get
 ! consid]ation ! botani/ dem&s2 ! m]e  
pleasure ( complet5ess1 ( hold+ &       
controll+ all ! ?reads possesses me4  ,y
 w p]si/ 9 believ+1 ,i say1 ) an        
aggressive expository note1 t if y meet 
?is lady %e w be a p]son ) ! memories & 
s5tim5ts ( h] d\ble on e>?4 ,y ?9k %e w 
und]/& & pity1 & p]haps love y4 ,no?+ ( 
! sort is ! case4 ,i repeat ) confid5t  
rud5ess1 ,no?+ ( ! sort is ! case4 ,?+s 
are diff]5t altoge!r "h2 y c h>dly tell 

ev5 n[ h[ diff]5t are----  ,i discov] he
 is n li/5+ to me4  ,:at is ! matt]8 ,i 
ask abruptly4  ,he makes no answ]1 b 8  
expression />tles me4  ,:at is ! matt]8 
& !n ,i foll[ 8 eyes4  ,a woman & a man 
are com+ ?r\gh ! great ar*way--&        
in/antly ,i guess :at has happ5$4 ,%e x 
is arre/s my att5tion fir/--long ago ,i 
knew %e 0 a sweetly beautiful woman4 ,%e
 is fair1 ) frank blue eyes1 t look ) a 
sort ( t5d] receptivity into h]         
companion's face4 ,= a mom5t or s !y    
rema91 greyi% figures 9 ! cool %ad[1    
aga9/ ! sunlit gre5]y ( ! g>d5s beyond4 
,x is ,m>y1 ! botani/ :isp]s ) :ite     
lips1 b he />es at ! =m ( ! man4 ,8 face
 :it5s1 x becomes s transfigur$ )       
emotion t = a mom5t x does n look weak4 
,!n ,i see t 8 ?9 h& is cl5*$4  ,i      
realise h[ little ,i und]/& 8 emotions4 
,a sudd5 fe> ( :at he w d takes hold (  
me4 ,he sits :ite & t5se z ! two come   
into ! cle>] light ( ! c\rty>d4 ,! man1 
,i see1 is "o ( ! samurai1 a d>k1       
/rong-fac$ man1 a man ,i h nev] se5     

be=e1 & %e is we>+ ! robe t %[s h] a    
foll[] ( ! ,less] ,rule4  ,"s glimm]+ ( 
! botani/'s feel+s /rikes ?r\gh to my   
sl[ sympa?ies4 ,( c\rse--a /range man6  
,i put out a re/ra9+ h& t[>ds 8 arm4 ,i 
told y1 ,i say1 t v probably1 mo/       
probably1 %e w\ld h met "s o!r4 ,i tri$ 
to prep>e y4  ,nons5se1 he :isp]s1 )\t  
look+ at me4 ,x isn't t4 ,x's--t        
sc\ndrel----  ,he has an impulse to     
rise4 ,t sc\ndrel1 he repeats4  ,he     
isn't a sc\ndrel1 ,i say4 ,h[ d y "k8   
,keep /ill6 ,:y are y /&+ up8  ,he & ,i 
/& up quickly1 ,i z soon z he4 ,b n[ !  
full mean+ ( ! gr\p has rea*$ me4 ,i    
grip 8 arm4 ,be s5sible1 ,i say1 speak+ 
v quickly1 & ) my back to ! approa*+    
c\ple4 ,he's n a sc\ndrel "h4 ,?is _w is
 diff]5t f t4 ,x's caught 8 pride someh[
 & made a man ( him4 ,:atev] tr\bl$ !m  
!re----  ,he turns a face ( :ite wra? on
 me1 ( accusation1 & = ! mom5t (        
unexpect$ =ce4 ,?is is y\r do+1 he says4
 ,y h done ?is to mock me4 ,he--( all   
m56 ,= a mom5t spee* fails him1 !n2     

,y--y h done ?is to mock me4  ,i try to 
expla9 v quickly4 ,my tone is almo/     
propitiatory4  ,i nev] ?\ght ( x until  
n[4 ,b he's---- ,h[ did ,i "k he 0 !    
sort ( man a discipl9$ _w has a use =8  
,he makes no answ]1 b he looks at me )  
eyes t are positively baleful1 & 9 !    
in/ant ,i read 8 mute b muli% resolve t 
,utopia mu/ end4  ,don't let t old      
qu>rel poison all ?is1 ,i say almo/     
entreat+ly4 ,x happ5$ all diff]5tly     
"h--ev]y?+ is diff]5t "h4 ,y\r d\ble w  
be back to-morr[4 ,wait = him4 ,p]haps  
!n y w und]/&----  ,he %akes 8 head1 &  
!n bur/s out )1 ,:at d ,i want ) a      
d\ble8 ,d\ble6 ,:at d ,i c>e if ?+s h   
be5 diff]5t "h8 ,?is----  ,he ?ru/s me  
weakly back ) 8 long1 :ite h&4 ,my ,god6
 he says almo/ =cibly1 :at nons5se all  
?is is6 ,all ^! dreams6 ,all ,utopias6  
,!re %e is----6 ,oh1 b ,i h dreamt ( h]6
 ,& n[----  ,a sob cat*es him4 ,i am    
really fright5$ by ?is "t4 ,i /ill try  
to keep betwe5 him & ^! ,utopians1 & to 
hide 8 ge/ures f !m4  ,x's diff]5t "h1  

,i p]si/4 ,x's diff]5t "h4 ,! emotion y 
feel has no place 9 x4 ,x's a sc> f !   
e>?--! sore sc> ( y\r pa/----  ,& :at   
are we all b sc>s8 ,:at is life b a     
sc>r+8 ,x's y--y :o don't und]/&6 ,(    
c\rse we are cov]$ ) sc>s1 we live to be
 sc>r$1 we are sc>s6 ,we are ! sc>s ( ! 
pa/6 ,^! dreams1 ^! *ildi% dreams----6  
,he does n ne$ to f9i% 8 s5t5ce1 he     
waves an untea*able de/ructive arm4  ,my
 ,utopia rocks ab\t me4  ,= a mom5t !   
vision ( t great c\rty>d hangs real4    
,!re ! ,utopians live real ab\t me1 go+ 
to & fro1 & ! great ar*way blazes )     
sunlight f ! gre5 g>d5s by ! riv]side4  
,! man :o is "o ( ! samurai1 & 8 lady1  
:om ! botani/ lov$ on e>?1 pass out (   
sight beh9d ! m>ble fl[]-set ,triton t  
sp\ts coolness 9 ! middle ( ! place4 ,= 
a mom5t ,i see two work+ m5 9 gre5      
tunics sitt+ on a m>ble seat 9 ! %ad[ ( 
! colonnade1 & a sweet little           
silv]-hair$ old lady1 clad all 9 violet1
 & c>ry+ a book1 comes t[>ds u1 & lifts 
a curi\s eye at ! botani/'s ge/ures4 ,& 

!n----  ,sc>s ( ! pa/6 ,sc>s ( ! pa/6   
,^! fanciful1 useless dreams6   ,section
 #b  ,!re is no j]k1 no s\nd1 no h9t (  
mat]ial %ock4 ,we are 9 ,london1 & clo!d
 9 ! fa%ion ( ! t[n4 ,! sull5 ro> (     
,london fills our e>s4444  ,i see t ,i  
am /&+ beside an iron seat ( poor design
 9 t grey & gawky wa/e (                
asphalte--,trafalg> ,squ>e1 & ! botani/1
 ) p]plexity 9 8 face1 />es f me to a   
poor1 %rivell$1 dirt-l9$ old woman--my  
,god6 :at a neglect$ ?+ %e is6--:o      
pr(f]s a box ( mat*es4444  ,he buys     
almo/ me*anically1 & turns back to me4  
,i 0 say+1 he says1 ! pa/ rules u       
absolutely4 ,^! dreams----  ,8 s5t5ce   
does n complete itself4 ,he looks n]v\s 
& irritat$4  ,y h a trick at times1 he  
says in/ead1 ( mak+ y\r sugge/ions s    
vivid----  ,he takes a plunge4 ,if y    
don't m9d1 he says 9 a sort ( quav]+    
ultimatum1 we won't discuss t aspect ( !
 "q--! lady1 ,i mean--fur!r4  ,he       
pauses1 & !re /ill hangs a fa9t         
p]plexity betwe5 u4  ,b---- ,i beg94  ,=

 a mom5t we /& !re1 & my dream ( ,utopia
 runs (f me l wat] f an oil$ slab4 ,(   
c\rse--we lun*$ at our club4 ,we came   
back f ,switz]l& by no dream tra9 b by !
 ord9>y ,bale express4 ,we h be5 talk+ (
 t ,luc]ne woman he h>ps ^u1 & ,i h made
 "s novel comm5t on 8 /ory4 ,i h t\*$   
c]ta9 possibilities4  ,y c't conceivably
 und]/&1 he says4  ,! fact rema9s1 he   
goes on1 tak+ up ! ?read ( 8 argum5t    
aga9 ) an air ( hav+ def9$ our field1 we
 are ! sc>s ( ! pa/4 ,t's a ?+ "o c     
discuss--)\t p]sonalities4  ,no1 ,i say 
r /upidly1 no4  ,y are always talk+ z   
?\gh y c\ld kick ! pa/ to pieces2 z ?\gh
 "o c\ld get "r out f oneself & beg9    
afre%4 ,x is y\r weakness--if y don't   
m9d my be+ frank--x makes y seem h>% &  
dogmatic4 ,life has gone easily = y2 y h
 nev] be5 badly tri$4 ,y h be5 lucky--y 
d n und]/& ! o!r way ab\t4 ,y are--h>d4 
,i answ] no?+4  ,he pants = brea?4 ,i   
p]ceive t 9 our discussion ( 8 case ,i  
mu/ h gone too f>1 & t he has rebell$4  
,cle>ly ,i mu/ h said some?+ w\nd+ ab\t 

t ineffectual love /ory ( 84  ,y don't  
all[ = my position1 he says1 & x occurs 
to me to say1 ,i'm oblig$ to look at !  
?+ f my own po9t ( view4444  ,"o or o!r 
( u makes a move4 ,:at a lot ( fil?y1   
torn pap] is scatt]$ ab\t ! _w6 ,we walk
 sl[ly side by side t[>ds ! dirt-litt]$ 
bas9 ( ! f\nta91 & /& reg>d+ two grimy  
tramps :o sit & argue on a fur!r seat4  
,"o holds a horrible old boot 9 8 h&1 & 
ge/iculates ) x1 :ile 8 o!r h& c>esses 8
 rag-wrapp$ foot4 ,wot does ,*am'la9 si8
 8 words drift to u4 ,w'y1 'e says1     
wot's ! good ( 'nve/+ y\r kepital :]e ^!
 'ere ,am]icans may dump x flat any "t  
!y l4444  7,7 !re n two m5 9 gre5 sitt+ 
on a m>ble seat87   ,section #c  ,we    
walk on1 our talk susp5d$1 pa/ a        
ru?lessly clumsy ho>d+1 t[>ds :]e m5 &  
wom5 & *ildr5 are /ruggl+ ab\t a /r+ (  
omnibuses4 ,a newsv5dor at ! corn]      
spreads a newspap] plac>d ^u ! wood     
pavem5t1 p9s ! corn]s d[n ) /ones1 & we 
glimpse some?+ ab\t3--   ,,massacre ,,9 
,,odessa4  ,,discov]y ,,( ,,human       

,,rema9s ,,at ,,*]tsey4  ,,%ock+ ,,lyn*+
 ,,outrage ,,9 ,,new ,,york ,,/ate4     
,,g]man ,,intrigues ,,get ,a            
,,set-,,back4  ,,! ,,bir?day            
,,hon\rs4--,,full ,,li/4   ,de> old     
famili> _w6  ,an angry p>5t 9           
conv]sation ) a sympa!tic fri5d jo/les  
aga9/ u4 ,i'll knock 8 bloom+ "y 'ed orf
 if 'e *eeks me aga94 ,x's ^! 'ere bra/$
 ,bo>d ,s*ools----  ,an omnibus passes1 
be>+ on a bo>d b5ea? an incorrectly     
drawn ,union ,jack an exhortation to !  
true patriot to ,buy ,bump]'s           
,briti%-,boil$ ,jam4 444  ,i am /unn$   
beyond ! possibility ( discussion = a   
space4 ,9 ?is v place x mu/ h be5 t !   
high t]race ran ) ! g>d5s bel[ x1 along 
:i* ,i came f my d\ble to our hotel4 ,i 
am go+ back1 b n[ ?r\gh reality1 along !
 pa? ,i pass$ s happily 9 my dream4 ,& !
 p ,i saw !n are ! p ,i am look+ at     
n[--) a diff]5ce4  ,! botani/ walks     
beside me1 :ite & n]v\sly j]ky 9 8      
movem5ts1 8 ultimatum deliv]$4  ,we />t 
to cross ! road4 ,an op5 c>riage drives 

by1 & we see a jad$1 r$-hair$ woman1    
sme>$ ) pa9t1 dress$ 9 furs1 &          
petulantly discont5t$4 ,h] face is      
famili> to me1 h] face1 ) a diff]5ce4   
,:y d ,i ?9k ( h] z dress$ 9 gre58  ,(  
c\rse6--%e x 0 ,i saw lead+ h] *ildr5 by
 ! h&6  ,comes a cra% to our left1 & a  
runn+ ( p to see a cab-horse d[n on !   
slipp]y1 slant+ pavem5t outside ,/4     
,m>t9's ,*ur*4  ,we g on up ! /reet4  ,a
 heavy-ey$ "y ,jewess1 a draggl$        
pro/itute--no crimson fl[] = h] hair1   
poor girl6--reg>ds u ) a mom5t>y        
speculation1 & we get a :iff ( f\l      
language f two newsboys on ! k]b4  ,we  
c't g on talk+1 ! botani/ beg9s1 & ducks
 aside j 9 "t to save 8 eye f ! f]ule ( 
a /upidly held umbrella4 ,he is go+ to  
treat our little tiff ab\t t lady z     
clos$4 ,he has ! air ( pick+ up our     
conv]sation aga9 at "s e>li] po9t4  ,he 
/eps into ! gutt]1 walks r\nd outside a 
negro hawk]1 j escapes ! :eel ( a       
hansom1 & comes to my side aga94  ,we   
c't g on talk+ ( y\r ,utopia1 he says1 9

 a noise & cr[d l ?is4  ,we are sep>at$ 
by a portly man go+ 9 ! opposite        
direction1 & jo9 aga94 ,we c't g on     
talk+ ( ,utopia1 he repeats1 9          
,london4444 ,up 9 ! m\nta9s--&          
holiday-"t--x 0 all "r4 ,we let         
ourselves g6  ,i've be5 liv+ 9 ,utopia1 
,i answ]1 tacitly adopt+ 8 tacit        
proposal to drop ! lady out ( ! "q4  ,at
 times1 he says1 ) a que] laugh1 y've   
almo/ made me live !re too4  ,he        
reflects4 ,x doesn't d1 y "k4 ,no6 ,& ,i
 don't "k :e!r1 aft] all1 ,i want----   
,we are sep>at$ aga9 by half-a-doz5     
lift$ flag/ones1 a burn+ brazi]1 & two  
eng9e]s conc]n$ ) "s und]gr\nd bus9ess  
or o!r--9 ! busie/ h\r ( ! day's        
traffic4  ,:y %\ldn't x d8 ,i ask4  ,x  
spoils ! _w ( ev]yday to let y\r m9d run
 on impossible p]fections4  ,i wi%1 ,i  
%\t aga9/ ! traffic1 ,i c\ld sma% ! _w (
 ev]yday4  ,my note becomes qu>relsome4 
,y may accept ?is z ! _w ( reality1 y   
may cons5t to be "o sc> 9 an ill-dress$ 
comp\nd w\nd1 b s--n ,i6 ,?is is a dream

 too--?is _w4 ,y\r dream1 & y br+ me    
back to x--out ( ,utopia----  ,! cross+ 
( ,b[ ,/reet gives me pause aga94  ,!   
face ( a girl :o is pass+ we/w>d1 a     
/ud5t girl1 r c>elessly dress$1 h] books
 9 a c>ry+-/rap1 comes across my field (
 vision4 ,! we/w>d sun ( ,london gl[s ^u
 h] face4 ,%e has eyes t dream1 surely  
no s5su\s nor p]sonal dream4  ,aft] all1
 aft] all1 disp]s$1 hidd51 disorganis$1 
undiscov]$1 unsuspect$ ev5 by !mselves1 
! samurai ( ,utopia are 9 ?is _w1 !     
motives t are develop$ & organis$ !re   
/ir dumbly "h & /ifle 9 t5 ?\s& futile  
he>ts4444  ,i ov]take ! botani/1 :o got 
ahead at ! cross+ by ! advantage ( a    
du/-c>t4  ,y ?9k ?is is real because y  
c't wake out ( x1 ,i say4 ,x's all a    
dream1 & !re are p--,i'm j "o ( ! fir/ (
 a multitude--betwe5 sleep+ & wak+--:o w
 pres5tly be rubb+ x out ( _! eyes4  ,a 
p9*$ & dirty little girl1 ) sores ^u h] 
face1 /ret*es out a bun* ( wilt+        
violets1 9 a pitifully ?9 little fi/1 & 
int]rupts my spee*4 ,bun* o'            

vi'lets--on'y a p5ny4  ,no6 ,i say      
curtly1 h>d5+ my he>t4  ,a ragg$ & fil?y
 nurs+ "m1 ) h] la/ addition to our     
,imp]ial ,p on h] arm1 comes out ( a    
dr9k%op1 & /&s a little un/eadily1 &    
wipes m\? & nose compreh5sively ) ! back
 ( a r$ *app$ h&4444   ,section #d      
,isn't t reality8 says ! botani/1 almo/ 
triumphantly1 & leaves me agha/ at 8    
triumph4  ,t6 ,i say belat$ly4 ,x's a ?+
 9 a nightm>e6  ,he %akes 8 head &      
smiles--exasp]at+ly4  ,i p]ceive q      
abruptly t ! botani/ & ,i h rea*$ !     
limits ( our int]c\rse4  ,! _w dreams   
?+s l t1 ,i say1 because x suff]s f an  
indige/ion ( su* p z y4  ,8 l[-ton$     
self-complac5cy1 l ! fad$ bann] ( an    
ob/9ate =t1 /ill flies unconqu]$4 ,& y  
"k1 he's n ev5 a happy man ) x all6  ,= 
t5 seconds or m ,i am furi\sly seek+ 9  
my m9d = a ^w1 = a t]m ( abuse1 = "o    
comp5di\s v]bal missile t %all sma% ?is 
man = ev]4 ,x has to express total      
inadequacy ( imag9ation & w1 spiritual  
anaemia1 dull respectability1 gross     

s5tim5tality1 a cultivat$ pett9ess (    
he>t4444  ,t ^w w n come4 ,b no o!r ^w w
 d4 ,inde$ ! ^w does n exi/4 ,!re is    
no?+ ) suffici5t vitup]ative            
conc5tration = ?is moral & intellectual 
/upidity ( educat$ p4444  ,er---- he    
beg9s4  ,no6 ,i c't endure him4  ,) a   
passionate rapidity ( movem5t1 ,i leave 
8 side1 d>t betwe5 a c>riage & a van1   
duck "u ! head ( a cab-horse1 & bo>d a  
'bus go+ we/w>d some:]e--b anyh[1 go+ 9 
exactly ! rev]se direction to ! botani/4
 ,i clamb] up ! /eps & ?read my sway+   
way to ! seat imm$iately beh9d ! driv]4 
,!re6 ,i say1 z ,i :ack myself d[n on ! 
seat & pant4  ,:5 ,i look r\nd ! botani/
 is out ( sight4   ,section #e  ,b ,i am
 back 9 ! _w = all t1 & my ,utopia is   
done4  ,x is good discipl9e = ! ,utopi/ 
to visit ?is _w occasionally4  ,b f !   
front seat on ! top ( an omnibus on a   
sunny ,septemb] aft]noon1 ! ,/r&1 & ,*>+
 ,cross corn]1 & ,:itehall1 & ! great   
multitude ( p1 ! great upro> ( vehicles1
 /ream+ 9 all directions1 is apt to look

 a _w altoge!r too =midable4 ,x has a   
gl>e1 x has a tumult & vig\r t %\ts "o  
d[n4 ,x %\ts "o d[n1 if %\t+ is to c>ry 
x4 ,:at good 0 x to trot along ! pavem5t
 ?r\gh ?is noise & tumult ( life1 plead+
 ,utopia to t botani/8 ,:at good w\ld x 
be to recomm5d ,utopia 9 ?is driv]'s    
preoccupi$ e>8  ,!re are mom5ts 9 ! life
 ( e philosoph] & dream] :5 he feels    
himself ! flimsie/ ( absurdities1 :5 !  
,?+ 9 ,be+ has its way ) him1 its       
triumphant way1 :5 x asks 9 a ro>1      
unansw]ably1 ) a f9e solid use ( !      
curr5t v]nacul>1 ,:at ,good is all      
?is--,rot ab\t ,utopias8  ,"o inspects !
 ,?+ 9 ,be+ ) some?+ ( ! diffid5t       
speculation ( primitive man1 pe]+ f     
beh9d a tree at an angry elephant4      
7,!re is an om5 9 t image4 ,on h[ _m    
occasions mu/ t ance/or ( ours h _h j ! 
,utopi/'s feel+ ( ambiti\s unreality1 h 
decid$ t on ! :ole x 0 wis] to g v      
quietly home aga91 & leave ! big bea/   
alone8 ,b1 9 ! end1 m5 rode ^u !        
elephant's head1 & guid$ him ?is way or 

t4444 ,! ,?+ 9 ,be+ t ro>s s trem5d\sly 
ab\t ,*>+ ,cross corn] seems a bigg]    
antagoni/ ?an an elephant1 b !n we h    
bett] weapons ?an *ipp$ fl9t blades44447
  ,aft] all1 9 a v little "t ev]y?+ t   
impresses me s mightily ?is ,septemb]   
aft]noon w h *ang$ or pass$ away = ev]1 
ev]y?+4 ,^! omnibuses1 ^! great1 /alw>t1
 cr[d$1 _m-col\r$ ?+s t jo/le "o ano!r1 
& make s h&some a clatt]-clam\r1 w all h
 gone2 !y & _! horses & driv]s &        
organisation2 y w come "h & y w n f9d   
!m4 ,some?+ else w be "h1 "s diff]5t    
sort ( vehicle1 t is n[ p]haps ! m]e g]m
 ( an idea 9 "s eng9e] /ud5t's bra94 ,& 
?is road & pavem5t w h *ang$1 & ^!      
impressive great build+s2 o!r build+s w 
be "h1 build+s t are z yet m impalpable 
?an ?is page y read1 m =mless & flimsy  
by f> ?an any?+ t is reason$ "h4 ,little
 plans sket*$ on pap]1 /rokes ( a p5 or 
( a bru%1 w be ! fir/ mat]ialisations ( 
:at w at la/ oblit]ate e detail & atom (
 ^! re-e*o+ actualities t ov]:elm u n[4 
,& ! clo?+ & ge/ures ( ^! innum]able p1 

! "* ( _! faces & be>+1 ^! too w be     
reca/ 9 ! _s ( :at are n[ obscure &     
impalpable beg9n+s4  ,! new ?+s w be    
inde$ ( ! sub/ance ( ! ?+ t is1 b diff]+
 j 9 ! measure ( ! w & imag9ation t goes
 to make !m4 ,!y w be /rong & fair z ! w
 is /urdy & organis$ & ! imag9ation     
compreh5sive & bold2 !y w be ugly &     
sme>$ ) wret*$ness z ! w is fluctuat+ & 
! imag9ation timid & mean4  ,inde$ ,w is
 /rong] ?an ,fact1 x c m\ld & ov]come   
,fact4 ,b ?is _w has /ill to discov] its
 w1 x is a _w t slumb]s in]tly1 & all   
?is ro> & pulsation ( life is no m ?an  
its heavy brea?+4444 ,my m9d runs on to 
! ?\ght ( an awak5+4  ,z my omnibus goes
 lumb]+ up ,cockspur ,/reet ?r\gh !     
clatt] rattle ( ! cabs & c>riages1 !re  
comes ano!r fancy 9 my m9d4444 ,c\ld "o 
b realise an apocalyptic image & suppose
 an angel1 su* z 0 giv5 to ea* ( ! sev5 
*ur*es ( ,asia1 giv5 = a space to !     
s]vice ( ! ,great] ,rule4 ,i see him z a
 t[]+ figure ( flame & col\r1 /&+ betwe5
 e>? & sky1 ) a trumpet 9 8 h&s1 ov] !re

 above ! ,haym>ket1 aga9/ ! ,octob] gl[2
 & :5 he s\nds1 all ! samurai1 all :o   
are samurai 9 ,utopia1 w "k !mselves &  
"o ano!r4444  7,:up6 says a motor       
br\gham1 & a policeman /ays ! traffic ) 
8 h&47  ,all ( u :o p>take ( ! samurai  
w\ld "k ourselves & "o ano!r6  ,= a     
mom5t ,i h a vision ( ?is resurrection (
 ! liv+1 ( a vague1 magnific5t answ]1 ( 
c\ntless myriads at att5tion1 ( all t is
 f9e 9 humanity at att5tion1 r\nd !     
compass ( ! e>?4  ,!n t philosophy (    
individual uniqu5ess resumes its sway   
ov] my ?\ghts1 & my dream ( a _w's      
awak5+ fades4  ,i _h =gott54444  ,?+s d 
n happ5 l t4 ,god is n simple1 ,god is n
 !atrical1 ! summons comes to ea* man 9 
its due "t = him1 ) an inf9ite subtlety 
( v>iety4444  ,if t is s1 :at ( my      
,utopia8  ,?is inf9ite _w mu/ ne$s be   
flatt5$ to get x on "o ret9a4 ,! picture
 ( a solid ?+1 al?\gh x is flatt5$ &    
simplifi$1 is n necess>ily a lie4       
,surely1 surely1 9 ! end1 by degrees1 & 
/eps1 some?+ ( ?is sort1 "s su* und]/&+1

 z ?is ,utopia mu/ come4 ,fir/ "h1 !n   
!re1 s+le m5 & !n gr\ps ( m5 w fall into
 l9e--n inde$ ) my poor faulty hesitat+ 
sugge/ions--b ) a great & compreh5sive  
plan wr\ght out by _m m9ds & 9 _m       
tongues4 ,x is j because my plan is     
faulty1 because x mis-/ates s mu*1 &    
omits s mu*1 t !y d n n[ fall 94 ,x w n 
be l my dream1 ! _w t is com+4 ,my dream
 is j my own poor dream1 ! ?+ suffici5t 
= me4 ,we fail 9 compreh5sion1 we fail s
 v>i\sly & abundantly4 ,we see z mu* z x
 is s]viceable = u to see1 & we see no  
fur!r4 ,b ! fre% undaunt$ g5]ations come
 to take on our "w beyond our utmo/     
ef=t1 beyond ! range ( our ideas4 ,!y w 
le>n ) c]ta9ty ?+s t to u are guesses & 
riddles4444  ,!re w be _m ,utopias4 ,ea*
 g5]ation w h its new v]sion ( ,utopia1 
a little m c]ta9 & complete & real1 )   
its problems ly+ clos] & clos] to !     
problems ( ! ,?+ 9 ,be+4 ,until at la/ f
 dreams ,utopias w h come to be work+   
draw+s1 & ! :ole _w w be %ap+ ! f9al ,_w
 ,/ate1 ! fair & great & fruitful ,_w   

,/ate1 t w only n be a ,utopia because x
 w be ?is _w4 ,s surely x mu/ be----    
,! policeman drops 8 h&4 ,come up1 says 
! 'bus driv]1 & ! horses /ra92 ,clitt]1 
clatt]1 cluck1 clak1 ! l9e ( hurry+     
hansoms ov]takes ! omnibus go+ we/4 ,a  
dext]\s lad on a bicycle ) a bale (     
newspap]s on 8 back dodges nimbly across
 ! head ( ! column & vani%es up a side  
/reet4  ,! omnibus sways =w>d4 ,rapt &  
prophetic1 8 plump h&s clasp$ r\nd !    
h&le ( 8 umbrella1 8 billycock hat a    
trifle askew1 ?is irascible little man (
 ! ,voice1 ?is impati5t dream]1 ?is     
scold+ ,optimi/1 :o has argu$ s rudely &
 dogmatically ab\t economics &          
philosophy & decoration1 & inde$ ab\t   
ev]y?+ "u ! sun1 :o has be5 s h>d on !  
botani/ & fa%ionable wom51 & s reluctant
 9 ! matt] ( be]1 is c>ri$ onw>d1 dream+
 dreams1 dreams t ) all ! inevitable    
ironies ( diff]5ce1 may be realities :5 
y & ,i are dreams4  ,he passes1 & = a   
little space we are left ) 8 egoisms &  
idiosyncrasies m or less 9 susp5se4  ,b 

:y 0 he intrud$8 y ask4 ,:y c\ld n a    
mod]n ,utopia be discuss$ )\t ?is       
imp]sonation--imp]sonally8 ,x has       
confus$ ! book1 y say1 made ! argum5t   
h>d to foll[1 & ?r[n a quality (        
ins9c]ity ov] ! :ole4 ,are we b mock+ at
 ,utopias1 y dem&1 us+ all ^! noble &   
g5]alis$ hopes z ! backclo? aga9/ :i*   
two bick]+ p]sonalities j> & squabble8  
,d ,i mean we are nev] to view ! promis$
 l& aga9 except ?r\gh a =egr\nd (       
fell[-travell]s8 ,!re is a common notion
 t ! read+ ( a ,utopia %\ld end ) a     
swell+ he>t & cle> resolves1 ) li/s (   
names1 =mation ( committees1 & ev5 !    
comm5cem5t ( subscriptions4 ,b ?is      
,utopia began ^u a philosophy (         
fragm5tation1 & ends1 confus$ly1 amid/ a
 gross tumult ( imm$iate realities1 9   
du/ & d\bt1 )1 at ! be/1 "o individual's
 aspiration4 ,utopias 7 once 9 good     
fai?1 projects = a fre% creation ( ! _w 
& ( a mo/ unworldly complet5ess2 ?is    
s-call$ ,mod]n ,utopia is a m]e /ory (  
p]sonal adv5tures among ,utopian        

philosophies4  ,inde$1 t came ab\t )\t !
 writ]'s int5tion4 ,s x 0 ! summon$     
vision came4 ,= ,i see ab\t me a great  
multitude ( little s\ls & gr\ps ( s\ls z
 d>k5$1 z d]ivative z my own2 ) !       
passage ( ye>s ,i und]/& m & m cle>ly ! 
quality ( ! motives t urge me & urge !m 
to d :atev] we d4444 ,yet t is n all ,i 
see1 & ,i am n altoge!r b\nd$ by my     
littl5ess4 ,ev] & aga91 contra/+ ) ?is  
imm$iate vision1 come glimpses ( a      
compreh5sive s*eme1 9 :i* ^!            
p]sonalities float1 ! s*eme ( a syn!tic 
wid] be+1 ! great ,/ate1 mank9d1 9 :i*  
we all move & g1 l blood corpuscles1 l  
n]ve cells1 x may be at times l bra9    
cells1 9 ! body ( a man4 ,b ! two       
visions are n se5 consi/5tly toge!r1 at 
lea/ by me1 & ,i d n surely "k t !y exi/
 consi/5tly toge!r4 ,! motives ne$$ = ^?
 wid] issues come n into ! int]play ( my
 vanities & wi%es4 ,t great] s*eme lies 
ab\t ! m5 & wom5 ,i "k1 z ,i h tri$ to  
make ! vi/as & spaces1 ! m\nta9s1       
cities1 laws1 & ord] ( ,utopia lie ab\t 

my talk+ c\ple1 too great = _! su/a9$   
compreh5sion4 ,:5 "o focuses ^u ^! two t
 wide l&scape becomes indi/9ct & di/ant1
 & :5 "o reg>ds t !n ! real p]sons "o   
kn[s gr[ vague & unreal4 ,nev]!less1 ,i 
_c sep>ate ^! two aspects ( human life1 
ea* comm5t+ on ! o!r4 ,9 t incongruity  
betwe5 great & individual inh]es !      
incompatibility ,i c\ld n resolve1 &    
:i*1 !re=e1 ,i h _h to pres5t 9 ?is     
conflict+ =m4 ,at times t great s*eme   
does seem to me to ent] c]ta9 m5's lives
 z a passion1 z a real & liv+ motive2   
!re are ^? :o "k x almo/ z if x 0 a ?+ (
 desire2 ev5 = me1 ^u occasion1 ! little
 lures ( ! imm$iate life are se5 small &
 va91 & ! s\l goes out to t mighty ,be+1
 to appreh5d x & s]ve x & possess4 ,b   
?is is an illum9ation t passes z x      
comes1 a r>e transitory lucidity1 leav+ 
! s\l's desire sudd5ly turn$ to         
presumption & hypocrisy ^u ! lips4 ,"o  
grasps at ! ,univ]se & atta9s--,ba?os4  
,! hung]s1 ! jeal\sies1 ! prejudices &  
habits h u aga91 & we are =c$ back to   

?9k t x is s1 & n o!rwise1 t we are     
meant to s]ve ! my/]ies2 t 9 ^! bl9k]s x
 is we are driv5 to an end we _c und]/&4
 ,& !n1 = measur$ mom5ts 9 ! night      
wat*es or z "o walks alone or :ile "o   
sits 9 ?\ght & spee* ) a fri5d1 ! wid]  
aspirations gl[ aga9 ) a s9c]e emotion1 
) ! col\rs ( atta9able desire4444  ,t is
 my all ab\t ,utopia1 & ab\t ! desire & 
ne$ = ,utopia1 & h[ t planet lies to ?is
 planet t be>s ! daily lives ( m54      
,,app5dix  ,,scepticism ,,( ,,!         
,,in/rum5t   ,a ,portion ( a ,pap] read 
to ! ,ox=d ,philosophical ,society1     
,novemb] #h1 #aijc1 & repr9t$1 ) "s     
,revision1 f ! ,v]sion giv5 9 ,m9d1 vol4
 xiii4 7,n4,s471 ,no4 #ea4  7,see also  
,*apt] ,i41 ,section #f1 & ,*apt] ,x41  
,sections #a & #b47  ,x seems to me t ,i
 may mo/ propiti\sly attempt to int]e/ y
 ?is ev5+ by describ+ v briefly !       
p>ticul> metaphysical & philosophical   
sy/em 9 :i* ,i d my ?9k+1 & m p>ticul>ly
 by sett+ out = y\r consid]ation "o or  
two po9ts 9 :i* ,i seem to myself to    

diff] mo/ widely f curr5t accept$       
philosophy4  ,y mu/ be prep>$ = ?+s t w 
/rike y z crude1 = a c]ta9 diff]5ce (   
acc5t & dialect t y may n l1 & y mu/ be 
prep>$ too to he> :at may /rike y z !   
clumsy /atem5t ( my ignorant r$iscov]y (
 ?+s already beautifully ?\ght out &    
said4 ,b 9 ! end y may incl9e to =give  
me "s ( ?is fir/ (f5ce4444 ,x is q      
unavoidable t1 9 sett+ out ^!           
intellectual f\ndations ( m9e1 ,i %\ld  
lapse = a mom5t or s t[>ds              
autobiography4  ,a conv]g5ce (          
circum/ances l$ to my hav+ my k (       
concrete ?+s q ext5sively develop$ be=e 
,i came to philosophical exam9ation at  
all4 ,i h he>d someone say t a savage or
 an animal is m5tally a purely objective
 be+1 & 9 t respect ,i 0 l a savage or  
an animal until ,i 0 well ov] tw5ty4 ,i 
0 extremely unaw>e ( ! subjective or    
introv]t$ elem5t 9 my be+4 ,i 0 a       
,positivi/ )\t kn[+ x4 ,my e>ly         
education 0 a feeble "o2 x 0 "o 9 :i* my
 private obs]vation1 inquiry & exp]im5t 

7 f> m important factors ?an any        
in/ruction1 or r p]haps ! in/ruction ,i 
receiv$ 0 less ev5 ?an :at ,i le>nt =   
myself1 & x t]m9at$ at ?irte54 ,i _h    
come into pretty intimate contact ) !   
h>d] realities ( life1 ) hung] 9 v>i\s  
=ms1 & _m base & disagreeable           
necessities1 be=e ,i 0 fifte54 ,ab\t t  
age1 foll[+ ! indication ( c]ta9        
!ological & speculative curiosities1 ,i 
began to le>n some?+ ( :at ,i w call    
delib]ately & ju/ly1 ,elem5t>y          
,sci5ce--/uff ,i got out ( ,cassell's   
,popul> ,educator & *eap text-books--&  
!n1 ?r\gh accid5ts & ambitions t d n    
matt] 9 ! lea/ to u n[1 ,i came to ?ree 
ye>s ( illum9at+ & good sci5tific "w4 ,!
 c5tral fact ( ^? ?ree ye>s 0 ,huxley's 
c\rse 9 ,comp>ative ,anatomy at ! s*ool 
9 ,exhibition ,road4 ,ab\t t z a nucleus
 ,i arrang$ a spaci\s dige/ ( facts4 ,at
 ! end ( t "t ,i _h acquir$ :at ,i /ill 
?9k to be a fairly cle>1 & complete &   
ord]$ view ( ! o/5sibly real univ]se4   
,let me try to give y ! *ief ?+s ,i _h4 

,i _h man def9itely plac$ 9 ! great     
s*eme ( space & "t4 ,i knew him         
incurably = :at he 01 f9ite & n f9al1 a 
be+ ( compromises & adaptations4 ,i _h  
trac$ 8 lungs1 = example1 f a swimm+    
bladd]1 /ep by /ep1 ) scalpel & probe1  
?r\gh a doz5 types or m1 ,i _h se5 !    
ance/ral caecum %r9k to t disease ne/1 !
 app5dix ( to-day1 ,i _h wat*$ ! gill   
slit pat*$ sl[ly to ! purposes ( ! e> & 
! reptile jaw susp5sion utilis$ to eke  
out ! ne$s ( a s5se organ tak5 f its    
native & natural wat]4 ,i _h work$ out !
 developm5t ( ^? extraord9>ily          
unsatisfactory & untru/wor?y in/rum5ts1 
man's tee?1 f ! sk9 scutes ( ! %>k to _!
 pres5t function z a basis = gold       
/opp+s1 & foll[$ ! sl[ unfold+ ( !      
complex & pa9ful process ( ge/ation     
?r\gh :i* man comes into ! _w4 ,i _h    
foll[$ all ^! ?+s & _m k9dr$ ?+s by     
dissection & 9 embryology--,i _h *eck$ !
 :ole !ory ( developm5t aga9 9 a ye>'s  
c\rse ( palaeontology1 & ,i _h tak5 !   
dim5sions ( ! :ole process1 by ! scale (

 ! />s1 9 a c\rse ( a/ronomical physics4
 ,& all t am\nt ( objective elucidation 
came be=e ,i _h rea*$ ! beg9n+s ( any   
philosophical or metaphysical inquiry1  
any inquiry z to :y ,i believ$1 h[ ,i   
believ$1 :at ,i believ$1 or :at !       
fundam5tal /uff ( ?+s 04  ,n[ foll[+ h>d
 ^u ?is int]lude ) k1 came a "t :5 ,i _h
 to give myself to tea*+1 & x became    
advisable to acquire "o ( ^? ,tea*+     
,diplomas t are s widely & s fooli%ly   
despis$1 & t ent]prise set me to a      
sup]ficial1 b sugge/ive /udy (          
educational me?od1 ( educational !ory1 (
 logic1 ( psy*ology1 & s at la/1 :5 !   
little affair ) ! diploma 0 settl$1 to  
philosophy4 ,n[ to come to logic ov] !  
brac+ upl&s ( comp>ative anatomy is to  
come to logic ) a lot ( v natural       
preconceptions bl[n clean out ( "o's    
m9d4 ,x is1 ,i submit1 a way ( tak+     
logic 9 ! flank4 ,:5 y h realis$ to !   
m>r[1 t all ! physical organs ( man &   
all 8 physical /ructure are :at !y are  
?r\gh a s]ies ( adaptations &           

approximations1 & t !y are kept up to a 
level ( practical effici5cy only by !   
elim9ation ( dea?1 & t ?is is true also 
( 8 bra9 & ( 8 in/9cts & ( _m ( 8 m5tal 
pr$ispositions1 y are n go+ to take 8   
?9k+ app>atus unque/ion+ly z be+ 9 any  
way my/]i\sly diff]5t & bett]4 ,& ,i _h 
read only a little logic be=e ,i became 
aw>e ( implications t ,i c\ld n agree )1
 & assumptions t seem$ to me to be      
altoge!r at v>iance ) ! g5]al s*eme (   
objective fact e/abli%$ 9 my m9d4  ,i   
came to an exam9ation ( logical         
processes & ( language ) ! expectation t
 !y w\ld %>e ! pr(\ndly provisional "*1 
! "* ( irregul> limitation & adaptation 
t p]vades ! :ole physical & animal be+ (
 man4 ,& ,i f\nd ! ?+ ,i _h expect$4 ,& 
z a consequ5ce ,i f\nd a sort (         
intellectual h>dihood ab\t ! assumptions
 ( logic1 t at fir/ confus$ me & !n r\s$
 all ! lat5t scepticism 9 my m9d4  ,my  
fir/ qu>rel ) ! accept$ logic ,i        
develop$ long ago 9 a little pap] t 0   
pr9t$ 9 ! ,=tnightly ,review 9 ,july    

#ahia4 ,x 0 call$ ! ,r$iscov]y ( !      
,unique1 & re-read+ x ,i p]ceive n only 
h[ bad & ev5 annoy+ x 0 9 mann]--a ?+ ,i
 h long kn[n--b also h[ rem>kably bad x 
0 9 expression4 ,i h good reason = d\bt+
 :e!r my p[]s ( expression 9 ^! uses h v
 p]ceptibly improv$1 b at any rate ,i am
 do+ my be/ n[ ) t previ\s failure be=e 
me4  ,t un=tunate pap]1 among o!r       
ov]sights ,i c no long] reg>d z trivial1
 disreg>d$ q completely ! fact t a :ole 
lit]ature ^u ! antagonism ( ! "o & ! _m1
 ( ! specific ideal & ! individual      
reality1 0 already 9 exi/5ce4 ,x def9$  
no relations to o!r ?\ght or ?9k]s4 ,i  
und]/& n[1 :at ,i did n und]/& !n1 :y x 
0 totally ignor$4 ,b ! idea und]ly+ t   
pap] ,i cl+ to to-day4 ,i consid] x an  
idea t w ultimately be reg>d$ z "o (    
prim>y importance to human ?\ght1 & ,i w
 try & pres5t ! sub/ance ( t e>ly pap]  
aga9 n[ v briefly1 z ! be/ op5+ ( my    
g5]al case4 ,my op5+ scepticism is      
ess5tially a d\bt ( ! objective reality 
( classification4 ,i h no hesitation 9  

say+ t is ! fir/ & prim>y proposition ( 
my philosophy4  ,i h x 9 my m9d t       
classification is a necess>y condition (
 ! work+ ( ! m5tal implem5t1 b t x is a 
dep>ture f ! objective tru? ( ?+s1 t    
classification is v s]viceable = !      
practical purposes ( life b a v d\btful 
prelim9>y to ^? f9e p5etrations !       
philosophical purpose1 9 its m arrogant 
moods1 dem&s4 ,all ! peculi>ities ( my  
way ( ?9k+ d]ive f t4  ,a m9d n\ri%$ ^u 
anatomical /udy is ( c\rse p]meat$ ) !  
sugge/ion ( ! vagu5ess & in/ability (   
biological species4 ,a biological       
species is q obvi\sly a great numb] (   
unique individuals :i* is sep>able f o!r
 biological species only by ! fact t an 
enorm\s numb] ( o!r l9k+ individuals are
 inaccessible 9 "t--are 9 o!r words dead
 & gone--& ea* new individual 9 t       
species does1 9 ! di/9ction ( its own   
individuality1 break away 9 h[ev]       
inf9itesimal degree f ! previ\s av]age  
prop]ties ( ! species4 ,!re is no       
prop]ty ( any species1 ev5 ! prop]ties t

 con/itute ! specific def9ition1 t is n 
a matt] ( m or less4 ,if1 = example1 a  
species be di/+ui%$ by a s+le l>ge r$   
spot on ! back1 y w f9d if y g ov] a    
great numb] ( specim5s t r$ spot %r9k+  
"h to no?+1 exp&+ !re to a m g5]al      
r$ness1 weak5+ to p9k1 deep5+ to russet 
& br[n1 %ad+ into crimson1 & s on1 & s  
on4 ,& ?is is true n only ( biological  
species4 ,x is true ( ! m9]al specim5s  
con/itut+ a m9]al species1 & ,i rememb] 
z a con/ant refra9 9 ! lectures ( ,pr(4 
,judd ^u rock classification1 ! words !y
 pass into "o ano!r by ins5sible        
gradations4 ,t is true1 ,i hold1 ( all  
?+s4  ,y w ?9k p]haps ( atoms ( !       
elem5ts z in/ances ( id5tically simil>  
?+s1 b ^! are ?+s n ( exp]i5ce b ( !ory1
 & !re is n a ph5om5on 9 *emi/ry t is n 
equally well expla9$ on ! supposition t 
x is m]ely ! imm5se quantities ( atoms  
necess>ily tak5 9 any exp]im5t t mask by
 ! op]ation ( ! law ( av]ages ! fact t  
ea* atom also has its unique quality1   
its special individual diff]5ce4 ,?is   

idea ( uniqu5ess 9 all individuals is n 
only true ( ! classifications ( mat]ial 
sci5ce2 x is true1 & /ill m evid5tly    
true1 ( ! species ( common ?\ght1 x is  
true ( common t]ms4 ,take ! ^w *air4 ,:5
 "o says *air1 "o ?9ks vaguely ( an     
av]age *air4 ,b collect individual      
in/ances1 ?9k ( arm*airs & read+ *airs1 
& d9+-room *airs & kit*5 *airs1 *airs t 
pass into b5*es1 *airs t cross ! b\nd>y 
& become settees1 d5ti/s' *airs1 ?rones1
 op]a /alls1 seats ( all sorts1 ^?      
miracul\s fungoid gr[?s t cumb] ! floor 
( ! ,arts & ,crafts ,exhibition1 & y w  
p]ceive :at a lax bundle 9 fact is ?is  
simple /raight=w>d t]m4 ,9 co-op]ation )
 an intellig5t jo9] ,i w\ld und]take to 
defeat any def9ition ( *air or          
*airi%ness t y gave me4 ,*airs j z mu* z
 individual organisms1 j z mu* z m9]al &
 rock specim5s1 are unique ?+s--if y "k 
!m well en\gh y w f9d an individual     
diff]5ce ev5 9 a set ( ma*9e-made       
*airs--& x is only because we d n       
possess m9ds ( unlimit$ capacity1       

because our bra9 has only a limit$ numb]
 ( pigeon-holes = our correspond5ce ) an
 unlimit$ univ]se ( objective uniques1 t
 we h to delude ourselves into ! belief 
t !re is a *airi%ness 9 ?is species     
common to & di/9ctive ( all *airs4  ,let
 me repeat2 ?is is ( ! v smalle/        
importance 9 all ! practical affairs (  
life1 or inde$ 9 relation to any?+ b    
philosophy & wide g5]alisations4 ,b 9   
philosophy x matt]s pr(\ndly4 ,if ,i    
ord] two new-laid eggs = breakfa/1 up   
come two unhat*$ b /ill unique avian    
individuals1 & ! *ances are !y s]ve my  
rude physiological purpose4 ,i c af=d to
 ignore ! h5s' eggs ( ! pa/ t 7 n q s   
ne>ly ?is sort ( ?+1 & ! h5s' eggs ( !  
future t w accumulate modification age  
by age2 ,i c v5ture to ignore ! r>e     
*ance ( an abnormality 9 *emical        
composition & ( any />tl+ ab]ration 9 my
 physiological reaction2 ,i c1 ) a      
confid5ce t is practically p]fect1 say )
 unqualifi$ simplicity two eggs1 b n if 
my conc]n is n my morn+'s breakfa/ b !  

utmo/ possible tru?4  ,n[ let me g on to
 po9t out :i!r ?is idea ( uniqu5ess     
t5ds4 ,i submit to y t syllogism is bas$
 on classification1 t all h>d logical   
reason+ t5ds to imply & is apt to imply 
a confid5ce 9 ! objective reality (     
classification4 ,consequ5tly 9 d5y+ t ,i
 d5y ! absolute validity ( logic4       
,classification & numb]1 :i* 9 tru?     
ignore ! f9e diff]5ces ( objective      
realities1 h 9 ! pa/ ( human ?\ght be5  
impos$ ^u ?+s4 ,let me = cle>ness' sake 
take a lib]ty "h--commit1 z y may p]haps
 ?9k1 an unp>donable insol5ce4 ,h9doo   
?\ght & ,greek ?\ght alike impress me z 
be+ ov]mu* obsess$ by an objective      
treatm5t ( c]ta9 necess>y prelim9>y     
conditions ( human ?\ght--numb] &       
def9ition & class & ab/ract =m4 ,b ^!   
?+s1 numb]1 def9ition1 class & ab/ract  
=m1 ,i hold1 are m]ely unavoidable      
conditions ( m5tal activity--regrettable
 conditions r ?an ess5tial facts4 ,!    
=ceps ( our m9ds are clumsy =ceps1 &    
cru% ! tru? a little 9 tak+ hold ( x4   

,x 0 ab\t ?is difficulty t ! m9d (      
,plato play$ a little inconclusively all
 8 life4 ,= ! mo/ "p he t5d$ to reg>d ! 
idea z ! some?+ beh9d reality1 :]eas x  
seems to me t ! idea is ! m proximate & 
less p]fect ?+1 ! ?+ by :i* ! m9d1 by   
ignor+ individual diff]5ces1 attempts to
 compreh5d an o!rwise unmanageable numb]
 ( unique realities4  ,let me give y a  
r\gh figure ( :at ,i am try+ to convey 9
 ?is fir/ attack ^u ! philosophical     
validity ( g5]al t]ms4 ,y h se5 !       
results ( ^? v>i\s me?ods ( black & :ite
 reproduction t involve ! use ( a       
rectangul> net4 ,y "k ! sort ( process  
picture ,i mean--x us$ to be employ$ v  
frequ5tly 9 reproduc+ photographs4 ,at a
 little di/ance y really seem to h a    
fai?ful reproduction ( ! orig9al        
picture1 b :5 y pe] closely y f9d n !   
unique =m & masses ( ! orig9al1 b a     
multitude ( little rectangles1 uni=m 9  
%ape & size4 ,! m e>ne/ly y g into ! ?+1
 ! clos] y look1 ! m ! picture is lo/ 9 
reticulations4 ,i submit ! _w ( reason$ 

inquiry has a v simil> relation to ! _w 
,i call objectively real4 ,= ! r\gh     
purposes ( e day ! net-"w picture w d1 b
 ! f9] y\r purpose ! less x w s]ve1 & = 
an ideally f9e purpose1 = absolute &    
g5]al k t w be z true = a man at a      
di/ance ) a telescope z = a man ) a     
microscope x w n s]ve at all4  ,x is    
true y c make y\r net ( logical         
int]pretation f9] & f9]1 y c f9e y\r    
classification m & m--up to a c]ta9     
limit4 ,b ess5tially y are work+ 9      
limits1 & z y come clos]1 z y look at   
f9] & subtl] ?+s1 z y leave ! practical 
purpose = :i* ! me?od exi/s1 ! elem5t ( 
error increases4 ,e species is vague1 e 
t]m goes cl\dy at its edges1 & s 9 my   
way ( ?9k+1 rel5tless logic is only     
ano!r phrase = a /upidity1--= a sort (  
intellectual pighead$ness4 ,if y pu% a  
philosophical or metaphysical inquiry   
?r\gh a s]ies ( valid syllogisms--nev]  
committ+ any g5]ally recognis$          
fallacy--y nev]!less leave a c]ta9 rubb+
 & m>g9al loss ( objective tru? & y get 

deflections t are difficult to trace1 at
 ea* phase 9 ! process4 ,e species      
waggles ab\t 9 its def9ition1 e tool is 
a little loose 9 its h&le1 e scale has  
its individual error4 ,s long z y are   
reason+ = practical purposes ab\t !     
f9ite ?+s ( exp]i5ce1 y c e n[ & !n *eck
 y\r process1 & correct y\r adju/m5ts4  
,b n :5 y make :at are call$            
philosophical & !ological inquiries1 :5 
y turn y\r implem5t t[>ds ! f9al        
absolute tru? ( ?+s4 ,do+ t is l fir+ at
 an inaccessible1 unm>kable &           
inde/ructible t>get at an unkn[n        
di/ance1 ) a defective rifle & v>iable  
c>tridges4 ,ev5 if by *ance y hit1 y _c 
"k t y hit1 & s x w matt] no?+ at all4  
,?is ass]tion ( ! necess>y              
untru/wor?9ess ( all reason+ processes  
aris+ out ( ! fallacy ( classification 9
 :at is q conceivably a univ]se (       
uniques1 =ms only "o introductory aspect
 ( my g5]al scepticism ( ! ,in/rum5t (  
,?\ght4  ,i h n[ to tell y ( ano!r      
aspect ( ?is scepticism ( ! in/rum5t :i*

 conc]ns negative t]ms4  ,classes 9     
logic are n only repres5t$ by circles ) 
a h>d firm outl9e1 :]eas !y h no su*    
def9ite limits1 b also !re is a con/ant 
disposition to ?9k ( negative t]ms z if 
!y repres5t$ positive classes4 ,) words 
j z ) numb]s & ab/ract =ms !re are      
def9ite phases ( human developm5t4 ,!re 
is1 y "k1 ) reg>d to numb]1 ! phase :5  
man c b>ely c\nt at all1 or c\nts 9     
p]fect good fai? & sanity ^u 8 f+]s4 ,!n
 !re is ! phase :5 he is /ruggl+ ) !    
developm5t ( numb]1 :5 he beg9s to      
elaborate all sorts ( ideas ab\t numb]s1
 until at la/ he develops complex       
sup]/itions ab\t p]fect numb]s &        
imp]fect numb]s1 ab\t ?rees & sev5s & ! 
l4 ,! same is ! case ) ab/ract$ =ms1 &  
ev5 to-day we are sc>cely m ?an heads   
out ( ! va/ subtle muddle ( ?9k+ ab\t   
sph]es & ideally p]fect =ms & s on1 t 0 
! price ( ?is little necess>y /ep to    
cle> ?9k+4 ,y "k bett] ?an ,i d h[ l>ge 
a "p num]ical & geometrical magic1      
num]ical & geometrical philosophy has   

play$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! m9d4 ,& ! :ole     
app>atus ( language & m5tal             
communication is beset ) l dang]s4 ,!   
language ( ! savage is1 ,i suppose1     
purely positive2 ! ?+ has a "n1 ! "n has
 a ?+4 ,?is inde$ is ! tradition (      
language1 & to-day ev51 we1 :5 we he> a 
"n1 are pr$ispos$--& sometimes x is a v 
vici\s disposition--to imag9e =?) some?+
 answ]+ to ! "n4 ,we are dispos$1 z an  
incurable m5tal vice1 to accumulate     
int5sion 9 t]ms4 ,if ,i say to y ,wodget
 or ,crump1 y f9d y\rself pass+ ov] !   
fact t ^! are no?+s1 ^! are1 s to speak1
 m]e blankety blanks1 & try+ to ?9k :at 
sort ( ?+ a ,wodget or a ,crump may be4 
,& :]e ?is disposition has come 91 9 its
 mo/ allur+ guise1 is 9 ! case (        
negative t]ms4 ,our in/rum5t ( k p]si/s 
9 h&l+ ev5 su* op5ly negative t]ms z !  
,absolute1 ! ,inf9ite1 z ?\gh !y 7 real 
exi/5ces1 & :5 ! negative elem5t is ev] 
s little disguis$1 z x is 9 su* a ^w z  
,omnisci5ce1 !n ! illusion ( positive   
reality may be complete4  ,please       

rememb] t ,i am try+ to tell y my       
philosophy1 & n argu+ ab\t y\rs4 ,let me
 try & express h[ 9 my m9d ?is matt] (  
negative t]ms has %ap$ itself4 ,i ?9k ( 
some?+ :i* ,i may p]haps be/ describe z 
be+ (f ! /age or out ( c\rt1 or z !     
,void )\t ,implications1 or z ,no?+ness 
or z ,out] ,d>kness4 ,?is is a sort (   
hypo!tical ,beyond to ! visible _w (    
human ?\ght1 & ?i!r ,i ?9k all negative 
t]ms rea* at la/1 & m]ge & become no?+4 
,:atev] positive class y make1 :atev]   
b\nd>y y draw1 /raight away f t b\nd>y  
beg9s ! correspond+ negative class &    
passes into ! illimitable horizon (     
no?+ness4 ,y talk ( p9k ?+s1 y ignore1  
if y are a tra9$ logician1 ! m elusive  
%ades ( p9k1 & draw y\r l9e4 ,beyond is 
! n p9k1 kn[n & kn[able1 & /ill 9 ! n   
p9k region "o comes to ! ,out] ,d>kness4
 ,n blue1 n happy1 n iron1 all ! n      
classes meet 9 t ,out] ,d>kness4 ,t same
 ,out] ,d>kness & no?+ness is inf9ite   
space1 & inf9ite "t1 & any be+ ( inf9ite
 qualities1 & all t region ,i rule out (

 c\rt 9 my philosophy altoge!r4 ,i w    
nei!r affirm nor d5y if ,i c help x ab\t
 any n ?+s4 ,i w n deal ) n ?+s at all1 
except by accid5t & inadv]t5ce4 ,if ,i  
use ! ^w 'inf9ite' ,i use x z "o (t5    
uses 'c\ntless1' ! c\ntless ho/s ( !    
enemy--or 'immeasurable'--immeasurable  
cliffs--t is to say z ! limit (         
measurem5t r ?an z ! limit ( imag9>y    
measurability1 z a conv5i5t equival5t to
 z _m times ?is clo? y>d z y c1 & z _m  
aga9 & s on & s on4 ,n[ a great numb] ( 
app>5tly positive t]ms are1 or h become1
 practically negative t]ms & are "u !   
same ban ) me4 ,a consid]able numb] (   
t]ms t h play$ a great "p 9 ! _w (      
?\ght1 seem to me to be invalidat$ by   
?is same defect1 to h no cont5t or an   
undef9$ cont5t or an unju/ifiable       
cont5t4 ,= example1 t ^w ,omnisci5t1 z  
imply+ inf9ite k1 impresses me z be+ a  
^w ) a delusive air ( be+ solid & full1 
:5 x is really holl[ ) no cont5t :atev]4
 ,i am p]suad$ t kn[+ is ! relation ( a 
consci\s be+ to some?+ n itself1 t ! ?+ 

kn[n is def9$ z a sy/em ( p>ts & aspects
 & relation%ips1 t k is compreh5sion1 & 
s t only f9ite ?+s c "k or be kn[n4 ,:5 
y talk ( a be+ ( inf9ite ext5sion &     
inf9ite duration1 omnisci5t & omnipot5t 
& ,p]fect1 y seem to me to be talk+ 9   
negatives ( no?+ :atev]4 ,:5 y speak ( !
 ,absolute y speak to me ( no?+4 ,if    
h[ev] y talk ( a great yet f9ite &      
?9kable be+1 a be+ n myself1 ext5d+     
beyond my imag9ation 9 "t & space1 kn[+ 
all t ,i c ?9k ( z kn[n & capable ( do+ 
all t ,i c ?9k ( z done1 y come into !  
sph]e ( my m5tal op]ations1 & into !    
s*eme ( my philosophy4444  ,^! !n are my
 fir/ two *>ges aga9/ our ,in/rum5t (   
,k1 fir/ly1 t x c "w only by disreg>d+  
individuality & treat+ uniques z        
id5tically simil> objects 9 ?is respect 
or t1 s z to gr\p !m "u "o t]m1 & t once
 x has done s x t5ds automatically to   
int5sify ! significance ( t t]m1 &      
secondly1 t x c only deal freely )      
negative t]ms by treat+ !m z ?\gh !y 7  
positive4 ,b ,i h a fur!r objection to !

 ,in/rum5t ( ,human ,?\ght1 t is n      
correlat$ to ^! =m] objections & t is   
also r m difficult to convey4           
,ess5tially ?is idea is to pres5t a sort
 ( /ratification 9 human ideas4 ,i h x v
 mu* 9 m9d t v>i\s t]ms 9 our reason+   
lie1 z x 71 at diff]5t levels & 9       
diff]5t planes1 & t we accompli% a l>ge 
am\nt ( error & confusion by reason+    
t]ms toge!r t d n lie or ne>ly lie 9 !  
same plane4  ,let me endeav\r to make   
myself a little less obscure by a mo/   
flagrant in/ance f physical ?+s4        
,suppose "s "o began to talk s]i\sly ( a
 man see+ an atom ?r\gh a microscope1 or
 bett] p]haps ( cutt+ "o 9 half ) a     
knife4 ,!re are a numb] ( non-analytical
 p :o w\ld be q prep>$ to believe t an  
atom c\ld be visible to ! eye or cut 9  
?is mann]4 ,b any "o at all conv]sant ) 
physical conceptions w\ld almo/ z soon  
?9k ( kill+ ! squ>e root ( #b ) a rook  
rifle z ( cutt+ an atom 9 half ) a      
knife4 ,our conception ( an atom is     
rea*$ ?r\gh a process ( hypo!sis &      

analysis1 & 9 ! _w ( atoms !re are no   
knives & no m5 to cut4 ,if y h ?\ght ) a
 /rong consi/5t m5tal movem5t1 !n :5 y h
 ?\ght ( y\r atom "u ! knife blade1 y\r 
knife blade has itself become a cl\d (  
sw++ gr\p$ atoms1 & y\r microscope l5s a
 little univ]se ( oscillatory &         
vibratory molecules4 ,if y ?9k ( !      
univ]se1 ?9k+ at ! level ( atoms1 !re is
 nei!r knife to cut1 scale to weigh nor 
eye to see4 ,! univ]se at t plane to :i*
 ! m9d ( ! molecul> physici/ desc5ds has
 none ( ! %apes or =ms ( our common life
 :atev]4 ,?is h& ) :i* ,i write is 9 !  
univ]se ( molecul> physics a cl\d ( w>r+
 atoms & molecules1 comb9+ & recomb9+1  
collid+1 rotat+1 fly+ hi!r & ?i!r 9 !   
univ]sal atmosph]e ( e!r4  ,y see1 ,i   
hope1 :at ,i mean1 :5 ,i say t ! univ]se
 ( molecul> physics is at a diff]5t     
level f ! univ]se ( common              
exp]i5ce2--:at we call /able & solid is 
9 t _w a freely mov+ sy/em ( int]lac+   
c5tres ( =ce1 :at we call col\r & s\nd  
is !re no m ?an ?is l5g? ( vibration or 

t4 ,we h rea*$ to a conception ( t      
univ]se ( molecul> physics by a great   
ent]prise ( organis$ analysis1 & our    
univ]se ( daily exp]i5ces /&s 9 relation
 to t elem5tal _w z if x 7 a syn!sis (  
^? elem5tal ?+s4  ,i w\ld sugge/ to y t 
?is is only a v extreme in/ance ( !     
g5]al /ate ( affairs1 t !re may be f9] &
 subtl] diff]5ces ( level betwe5 "o t]m 
& ano!r1 & t t]ms may v well be ?\ght ( 
z ly+ obliquely & z be+ twi/$ ?r\gh     
diff]5t levels4  ,x w p]haps give a     
cle>] idea ( :at ,i am seek+ to convey  
if ,i sugge/ a concrete image = ! :ole  
_w ( a man's ?\ght & k4 ,imag9e a l>ge  
cle> jelly1 9 :i* at all angles & 9 all 
/ates ( simplicity or contortion 8 ideas
 are imb$d$4 ,!y are all valid &        
possible ideas z !y lie1 none 9 reality 
incompatible ) any4 ,if y imag9e !      
direction ( up or d[n 9 ?is cle> jelly  
be+ z x 7 ! direction 9 :i* "o moves by 
analysis or by syn!sis1 if y g d[n =    
example f matt] to atoms & c5tres ( =ce 
& up to m5 & /ates & c\ntries--if y w   

imag9e ! ideas ly+ 9 t mann]--y w get ! 
beg9n+ ( my int5tion4 ,b our ,in/rum5t1 
our process ( ?9k+1 l a draw+ be=e !    
discov]y ( p]spective1 appe>s to h      
difficulties ) ! ?ird dim5sion1 appe>s  
capable only ( deal+ ) or reason+ ab\t  
ideas by project+ !m ^u ! same plane4 ,x
 w be obvi\s t a great multitude ( ?+s  
may v well exi/ toge!r 9 a solid jelly1 
:i* w\ld be ov]lapp+ & incompatible &   
mutually de/ructive1 :5 project$ toge!r 
^u "o plane4 ,?r\gh ! bias 9 our        
,in/rum5t to d ?is1 ?r\gh reason+ betwe5
 t]ms n 9 ! same plane1 an enorm\s am\nt
 ( confusion1 p]plexity & m5tal         
deadlock+ occurs4  ,! old !ological     
deadlock betwe5 pr$e/9ation & free-w    
s]ves admirably z an example ( ! sort ( 
deadlock ,i mean4 ,take life at ! level 
( common s5sation & common exp]i5ce &   
!re is no m indisputable fact ?an man's 
fre$om ( w1 unless x is 8 complete moral
 responsibility4 ,b make only ! lea/    
p5etrat+ ( analyses & y p]ceive a _w (  
inevitable consequ5ces1 a rigid         

succession ( cause & effect4 ,insi/ ^u a
 flat agreem5t betwe5 ! two1 & !re y    
are6 ,! ,in/rum5t fails4  ,x is ^u ^!   
?ree objections1 & ^u an extreme        
suspicion ( ab/ract t]ms :i* arises     
mat]ially out ( my fir/ & second        
objections1 t ,i *iefly re/ my case = a 
pr(\nd scepticism ( ! remot]            
possibilities ( ! ,in/rum5t ( ,?\ght4 ,x
 is a ?+ no m p]fect ?an ! human eye or 
! human e>1 ?\gh l ^? o!r in/rum5ts x   
may h undef9$ possibilities ( evolution 
t[>ds increas$ range1 & increas$ p[]4   
,s mu* = my ma9 cont5tion4 ,b be=e ,i   
conclude ,i may--s9ce ,i am "h--say a   
little m 9 ! autobiographical ve91 & ) a
 view to y\r discussion to %[ h[ ,i     
reconcile ?is fundam5tal scepticism ) ! 
v positive beliefs ab\t _w-wide issues  
,i possess1 & ! v def9ite di/9ction ,i  
make betwe5 "r & wrong4  ,i reconcile ^!
 ?+s by simply po9t+ out to y t if !re  
is any validity 9 my image ( t ?ree     
dim5sional jelly 9 :i* our ideas are    
susp5d$1 su* a reconciliation z y dem& 9

 logic1 su* a projection ( ! ?+s z 9    
accordance ^u "o plane1 is totally      
unnecess>y & impossible4  ,?is insi/5ce 
^u ! elem5t ( uniqu5ess 9 be+1 ?is      
subord9ation ( ! class to ! individual  
diff]5ce1 n only de/roys ! univ]sal     
claim ( philosophy1 b ! univ]sal claim (
 e?ical imp]atives1 ! univ]sal claim (  
any religi\s tea*+4 ,if y press me back 
^u my fundam5tal position ,i mu/ confess
 ,i put fai? & /&>ds & rules ( conduct  
^u exactly ! same level z ,i put my     
belief ( :at is "r 9 art1 & :at ,i      
consid] "r practice 9 art4 ,i h arriv$  
at a c]ta9 sort ( self-k & !re are1 ,i  
f9d1 v di/9ct imp]atives = me1 b ,i am q
 prep>$ to admit !re is no prov+ !m     
imp]ative on any "o else4 ,"o's         
political proce$+s1 "o's moral acts are1
 ,i hold1 j z mu* self-expression z "o's
 poetry or pa9t+ or music4 ,b s9ce life 
has = its primordial elem5ts            
assimilation & aggression1 ,i try n only
 to obey my imp]atives1 b to put !m     
p]suasively & conv9c+ly into o!r m9ds1  

to br+ ab\t my good & to resi/ & ov]come
 my evil z ?\gh !y 7 ! univ]sal ,good & 
! univ]sal ,evil 9 :i* un?9k+ m5        
believe4 ,& x is obvi\sly 9 no way      
contradictory to ?is philosophy1 = me1  
if ,i f9d o!rs respond+ sympa!tically to
 any notes ( m9e or if ,i f9d myself    
respond+ sympa!tically to notes s\nd+   
ab\t me1 to give t common resemblance   
betwe5 myself & o!rs a "n1 to ref] ^!   
o!rs & myself 9 common to ?is ?+ z if x 
7 ext]nalis$ & spann$ u all4            
,scepticism ( ! ,in/rum5t is = example n
 incompatible ) religi\s association & )
 organisation ^u ! basis ( a common     
fai?4 ,x is possible to reg>d ,god z a  
,be+ syn!tic 9 relation to m5 &         
societies1 j z ! idea ( a univ]se (     
atoms & molecules & inorganic           
relation%ips is analytical 9 relation to
 human life4  ,! repudiation (          
demon/ration 9 any b imm$iate &         
v]ifiable cases t ?is ,scepticism ( !   
,in/rum5t am\nts to1 ! ab&onm5t ( any   
univ]sal validity = moral & religi\s    

propositions1 br+s e?ical1 social &     
religi\s tea*+ into ! prov9ce ( poetry1 
& does some?+ to correct ! e/rangem5t   
betwe5 k & beauty t is a feature ( s mu*
 m5tal exi/5ce at ?is "t4 ,all ^! ?+s   
are self-expression4 ,su* an op9ion sets
 a new & great] value on t p5etrat+ &   
illum9at+ quality ( m9d we call insight1
 insight :i* :5 x faces t[>ds !         
contradictions t arise out ( !          
imp]fections ( ! m5tal in/rum5t is call$
 hum\r4 ,9 ^! innate1 untea*able        
qualities ,i hold--9 hum\r & ! s5se (   
beauty--lies su* hope ( intellectual    
salvation f ! orig9al s9 ( our          
intellectual in/rum5t z we may ent]ta9 9
 ?is unc]ta9 & fluctuat+ _w ( unique    
appe>ances4444  ,s frankly ,i spread my 
little equipm5t ( fundam5tal assumptions
 be=e y1 he>tily glad ( ! opportunity y 
h giv5 me ( tak+ !m out1 ( look+ at !m )
 ! p>ticul>ity ! pres5ce ( he>]s        
ensures1 & ( he>+ ! impression !y make  
^u y4 ,( c\rse1 su* a sket* mu/ h an    
inevitable crudity ( effect4 ,! "t ,i _h

 = x--,i mean ! "t ,i 0 able to give 9  
prep>ation--0 altoge!r too limit$ = any 
exhau/ive f9i% ( pres5tation2 b ,i ?9k  
on ! :ole ,i h got ! ma9 l9es ( ?is     
sket* map ( my m5tal basis true4 ,:e!r  
,i h made myself compreh5sible is a     
diff]5t "q altoge!r4 ,x is = y r ?an me 
to say h[ ?is sket* map ( m9e lies )    
reg>d to y\r own m sy/ematic            
c>tography4444  ,"h foll[$ c]ta9 comm5ts
 ^u ,p]sonal ,idealism1 & ,mr4 ,f4 ,c4  
,s4 ,s*ill]'s ,humanism1 ( no p>ticul>  
value4