,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,y\ng] ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,frontispiece ,illu/ration3 ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,self-,portrait ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink & col\r$ *alks1 wa%$ ) wat]-col\r ,,basel ,,gall]y ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,y\ng] ,,by ,,ar?ur ,b4 ,,*amb]la9 ,,assi/ant ,,keep] ,,( ,,! ,,corporation ,,art ,,gall]y1 ,,birm+ham ,,) #beb ,,illu/rations1 ,,includ+ #bd ,,9 ,,col\r ,,9 ,,two ,,volumes ,,vol4 ,i ,,new ,,york ,,dodd1 ,,mead ,,& ,,company #aiac ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,pr9t$ by ,,ballantyne1 ,,hanson ,,co4 at ! ,ballantyne ,press1 ,ed9burgh ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,to ,,my ,,wife ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,preface ,,9 ?is book ! writ] has endeav\r$ to give z complete an acc\nt z possible ( ! life & c>e] ( ! y\ng] ,holbe91 toge!r ) a description ( e kn[n picture pa9t$ by him1 & ( ! m important ( 8 draw+s & designs4 ,! e>li] books devot$ to ! subject--su* z ,wornum's ,life & ,works1 #ahfg1 & ,dr4 ,woltmann's two volumes--al?\gh !y mu/ always rema9 ( ! utmo/ help to ! /ud5t1 are n[ 9 "s respects out ( date4 ,! second edition ( ! latt]'s great "w1 9 :i* he modifi$ & correct$ _m passages 9 ! e>li] issue1 has nev] be5 fully translat$ into ,engli%2 :ile ! late/ book ( importance on ! subject publi%$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng]1 by ,mr4 ,g]ald ,s4 ,davies1 ,m4,a41 #aijc1 is ma9ly devot$ to ! art ( ! pa9t]1 & does n pr(ess to give complete biographical details ( 8 life4 ,9 rec5t ye>s _m new facts z to ,holbe9's c>e] h be5 discov]$1 & fre% pictures by him une>!d1 :ile mod]n criticism has rev]s$ "s ( ! e>li] conclusions respect+ ! au?or%ip ( a c]ta9 numb] ( works at "o "t attribut$ to him4 ,mu* valuable in=mation ^u ! subject has be5 publi%$ at home & abroad1 l>gely 9 p]iodicals devot$ to su* matt]s & 9 ! transactions ( arti/ic & le>n$ societies1 by v>i\s well-kn[n /ud5ts ( ! ma/] 9 ,g]many & ,switz]l&1 *ief among :om mu/ be m5tion$ ,dr4 ,paul ,ganz1 ! director ( ! ,public ,picture ,collection 9 ,basel1 n[ recognis$ z ! lead+ au?ority on ,holbe91 toge!r ) ,dr4 ,hans ,koegl]1 ,dr4 ,emil ,major1 ,h4 ,a4 ,s*mid1 & o!r writ]s too num]\s to m5tion "h2 :ile 9 ,engl& equally valuable contributions to our k h be5 made f "t to "t by su* critics z ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/1 ,m4,v4,o41 ,sir ,sidney ,colv91 ,mr4 ,campbell ,dodgson1 ,sir ,claude ,phillips1 ,miss ,m>y ,f4 ,s4 ,h]vey1 & a numb] ( o!rs1 9 ! pages ( ! ,burl+ton ,magaz9e & else:]e4 ,mu* valuable in=mation is also to be f\nd 9 two rec5tly-publi%$ volumes--,dr4 ,curt ,glas]'s ,hans ,holbe9 d] lt]e1 #aijh1 & ,dr4 ,willy ,hes' ,ambrosius ,holbe91 #aiaa4 ,! writ] has avail$ himself z fully z possible ( ! new] facts & conclusions embodi$ 9 su* pap]s & communications1 ! s\rce ( in=mation 9 all cases be+ fully ackn[l$g$4 ,a v c>eful /udy ( ! ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 ,=eign & ,dome/ic1 ( ! ,reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 ext5d+ ov] a numb] ( ye>s1 has enabl$ him to add "s fre% items ( in=mation ab\t ! pa9t] & c]ta9 ( 8 sitt]s1 & ( sev]al ( ! arti/s :o 7 8 contempor>ies 9 ,engl&4 ,he has dealt at "s l5g?1 ?\gh necess>ily 9 a cond5s$ =m1 ) ! *ief pa9t]s & craftsm51 bo? ,engli% & =eign1 :o 7 at "w 9 ,london "u ,h5ry ,,viii1 mu* ( ! in=mation ?us br\ght toge!r hav+ be5 hi!rto scatt]$ ab\t 9 a v>iety ( publications n always conv5i5tly accessible to ! /ud5t4 ,he ?us hopes t ! book w to "s ext5t s]ve ! purpose = :i* x is prim>ily int5d$--! provision1 9 z concise a =m z possible1 ( a complete biography ( ! pa9t]1 embody+ all ! m rec5t discov]ies2 & he tru/s t x may be ( "s small s]vice to ^? :o are int]e/$ 9 ,holbe91 b h nei!r ! "t nor ! opportunity to avail !mselves ( ! _m scatt]$ s\rces ( in=mation :i* he has attempt$ to br+ toge!r )9 ! cov]s ( a s+le book4 ,by ! graci\s p]mission ( ,8 ,maje/y ! ,k+1 ! writ] has be5 all[$ to include among ! illu/rations1 reproductions1 9 "s in/ances 9 col\r1 ( a numb] ( pictures & draw+s by ,holbe9 9 ! royal collections2 & he has to ?ank ! ,"l ,*amb]la9 & ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/1 ,m4,v4,o41 ,surveyor ( ! ,k+'s ,pictures1 = ! k9d assi/ance !y r5d]$ him 9 obta9+ su* p]mission4 ,he has also to express 8 grateful ackn[l$gm5ts to a numb] ( own]s & collectors = simil> p]mission to reproduce works by ! ma/] 9 _! possession1 among !m ,h] ,maje/y ! ,que5 ( ,holl&1 :o has graci\sly all[$ ! inclusion ( ! beautiful m9iature ( an ,unkn[n ,y\?2 ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire1 ,g4,c4,v4,o42 ,e>l ,sp5c]1 ,g4,c4,v4,o42 ! ,e>l ( ,radnor2 ,"l ,leconfield2 ! ,e>l ( ,y>bor\gh2 ,sir ,john ,ramsd51 ,bt42 ,sir ,hugh ,p4 ,lane2 ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan2 ,major ,*>les ,palm]2 & ! ,b>b]-,surgeons' ,company4 ,special ?anks are due to ,"l ,/4 ,oswald = p]mitt+ ! l>ge 8,m ,family ,gr\p0 at ,no/ell ,priory to be photograph$ = ! purposes ( ?is book1 & = all[+ ! writ] to take notes f a v int]e/+ manuscript conta9+ a description ( ! v>i\s v]sions ( ! ,family picture compil$ by 8 gr&fa!r1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,w9n4 ,he has also to record 8 great indebt$ness to ,mr4 ,ay]/ ,h4 ,butt]y = giv+ him ! privilege ( reproduc+ ! rec5tly discov]$ portrait ( an ,unkn[n ,engli% ,lady1 =m]ly 9 ! possession ( ! ,bod5ham family at ,ro!rwas1 ne> ,h]e=d4 ,8 ?anks also are due to ,s5hor ,jos de ,figueir$o1 director ( ! ,national ,museum ( ,anci5t ,art1 ,lisbon1 = p]mission to include ! eld] ,holbe9's 8,f\nta9 ( ,life0 among ! illu/rations1 z well z to ! directors ( a numb] ( gall]ies & museums1 includ+ ! ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel2 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,briti% ,museum1 & ,wallace ,collection2 ! ,kais] ,fri$ri* ,museum1 ,b]l92 ! ,imp]ial ,gall]y1 ,vi5na2 ! ,l\vre1 ,p>is2 ! ,royal ,picture ,gall]y1 ,! ,hague2 ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,new ,york2 ! ,royal ,h]mitage ,gall]y1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg2 & ! ,gall]ies ( ,dresd51 ,muni*1 ,hanov]1 ,rome1 ,flor5ce1 ,solo?urn1 & else:]e4 ,9 addition1 he has ! pleasure ( record+ 8 great indebt$ness to ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/1 ,m4,v4,o41 = k9d assi/ance & advice2 to ,mr4 ,maurice ,w4 ,brockwell1 = mu* valuable help 9 _m directions2 to ,mr4 ,campbell ,dodgson1 :o 0 good en\gh to assi/ 9 ! selection ( woodcuts f ! ,briti% ,museum ,collection = ! purposes ( reproduction2 to ,dr4 ,george ,c4 ,williamson1 ?r\gh ^: k9dness ! writ] has be5 able to make use ( 8 ,catalogue ( ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan's ,collection ( ,m9iatures2 to ! ,editors ( ! ,burl+ton ,magaz9e ( ,f9e ,arts = p]mission to include ! writ]'s pap] on ,holbe9's visit to 8,high ,burgony02 to ,mr4 ,james ,melville = transcrib+ f ! ,balc>res ,,mss4 a long lett] f ! ,du*ess ( ,guise ref]r+ to t visit2 to ,h]r ,f4 ,engel-,gros = in=mation ab\t ! int]e/+ r\ndel 9 8 possession1 :i* possibly repres5ts ! pa9t] ,lucas ,hornebolt2 & to ,dr4 ,james ,h4 ,w4 ,la+1 ( ,dundee1 to :om he is deeply indebt$ = mo/ g5]\sly und]tak+ ! v on]\s task ( read+ ! :ole ( ! pro(s4 ,he wi%es also to (f] 8 grateful ?anks to 8 publi%]s1 & 9 p>ticul> to ,mr4 ,hugh ,all51 = ! great c>e & tr\ble !y h sp5t ^u ! book1 & = _! he>ty co-op]ation 9 attempt+ to make x z complete a record z possible ( ! great ma/] to :om x is devot$4 ,a4 ,b4 ,c4 ,,birm+ham1 ,augu/ #aiac4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,cont5ts ,,*ap4 ,,page ,i4 ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,& ,,8 ,,family #a ,,ii4 ,,y\?ful ,,days ,,9 ,,augsburg #bc ,,iii4 ,,fir/ ,,ye>s ,,9 ,,switz]l& #cb ,,iv4 ,,"w ,,9 ,,luc]ne ,,& ,,! ,,visit ,,to #eg ,,lomb>dy ,v4 ,,citiz5 ,,( ,,basel #hb ,,vi4 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,! ,,dance ,,& ,,! #aaf ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,,9 ,,! ,,basel ,,t[n ,,hall ,,vii4 ,,designs ,,= ,,pa9t$ ,,glass ,,& ,,o!r #ace ,,/udies ,,viii4 ,,portraits ,,( ,,erasmus ,,& ,,8 ,,circle #afb ,,ix4 ,,designs ,,= ,,book ,,illu/rations #ahg ,x4 ,,! 8,,dance ,,( ,,dea?0 ,,& ,,old ,,te/am5t #bjd ,,woodcuts ,,xi4 ,,! ,,mey] ,,madonna ,,& ,,! ,,dep>ture ,,= #bcb ,,engl& ,,xii4 ,,native ,,& ,,=eign ,,arti/s ,,9 ,,engl& #bef ,,dur+ ,,! ,,reign ,,( ,,h5ry ,,viii ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,visit ,,to ,,engl&3 ,,portraits ,,( #bhh ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,visit ,,to ,,engl&3 ,,o!r #caa ,,portraits ,,& ,,decorative ,,"w ,,xv4 ,,! ,,return ,,to ,,basel 7#aebh-aecb7 #cch ,,po/script ,,to ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,a ,,newly-,,discov]$ #cec ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady ,,footnotes ,,= ,,all ,,*apt]s #cei ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,illu/rations ,,hans ,,holbe93 ,,self-,,portrait ,frontispiece ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #a4 ,,! ,,baptism ,,( ,,/4 ,,paul #aa ,left-h& panel ( ! 8,basilica ( ,/4 ,paul0 alt>-piece4 ,by ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld]4 ,museum1 ,augsburg4 #b4 ,,! ,,/4 ,,seba/ian ,,alt>-,,piece #ae ,c5tral panel4 ,by ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld]4 ,alte ,p9ako!k1 ,muni*4 #c4 7#a7 ,,/4 ,,b>b>a4 7#b7 ,,/4 ,,elizabe? #af ,inn] sides ( ! w+s ( ! 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece4 ,by ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld]4 ,alte ,p9ako!k1 ,muni*4 #d4 ,,! ,,f\nta9 ,,( ,,life #ag ,by ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld]4 ,national ,museum ( ,anci5t ,art1 ,lisbon4 ,reproduc$ by k9d p]mission ( ! ,director1 ,s5hor ,jos de ,figueir$o4 #e4 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,lady ,,( #ba ,,augsburg ,silv]-po9t draw+4 ,by ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld]4 ,briti% ,museum4 #f4 ,,ambrosius ,,& ,,hans ,,holbe9 #be ,silv]-po9t draw+4 ,by ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] 7#aeaa74 ,royal ,pr9t ,room1 ,b]l94 #g4 ,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild 7#aead7 #cc ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #h4 7#a7 ,,head ,,( ,,! ,,virg9 ,,m>y4 7#b7 ,,head ,,( #cg ,,/4 ,,john ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #i4 ,,! ,,la/ ,,supp] #dj ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #aj4 ,,! ,,sc\rg+ ,,( ,,*ri/ #da ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #aa4 ,,holbe9',s ,,e>lie/ ,,title-,,page #de ,fir/ us$ 9 #aeae4 ,f a copy ( ,m's 8,utopia0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #ab4 ,,m>g9al ,,draw+s ,,9 ,a ,,copy ,,( ,,! #dh 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 7#a7 ,,folly ,,leav+ ,,! ,,pulpit4 7#b7 ,,p5elope ,,at ,,h] ,,loom4 7#c7 ,,! ,,pope4 7#d7 ,,! ,,c>d9al4 7#e7 ,,! ,,bi%op4 7#f7 ,,nuns ,,kneel+ ,,be=e ,,an ,,alt>-,,piece4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ac4 ,,m>g9al ,,draw+s ,,9 ,a ,,copy ,,( ,,! #di 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 7#a7 ,,! ,,basket ,,( ,,eggs4 7#b7 ,,nicolas ,,de ,,lyra4 7#c7 ,,k+ ,,solomon4 7#d7 ,,"y ,,nobleman4 7#e7 ,,folly ,,& ,,8 ,,puppet4 7#f7 ,,erasmus ,,at ,,8 ,,desk4 7#g7 8,a ,,fat ,,& ,,spl5did ,,pig ,,f ,,! ,,h]d ,,( ,,epicurus40 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ad4 ,,! ,,two ,,sides ,,( ,a ,,s*oolma/]',s #ea ,,sign-,,bo>d 7#aeaf7 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ae4 ,,d\ble ,,portrait ,,( ,,jakob ,,mey] ,,& ,,8 #eb ,,wife1 ,,doro!a ,,kann5giess] 7#aeaf7 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #af4 7#a7 ,,head ,,( ,,jakob ,,mey]4 7#b7 ,,head ,,( #ee ,,doro!a ,,kann5giess] ,draw+s 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,/udies = ! d\ble portrait ( #aeaf4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ag4 ,,adam ,,& ,,eve 7#aeag7 #ef ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ah4 ,,portraits ,,( ,,two ,,boys #fj ,by ,,ambrosius ,,holbe94 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ai4 ,,/udy ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,girl ,,nam$ 8,,anne0 #fa 7#aeah7 ,silv]-po9t & r$ *alk draw+4 ,by ,,ambrosius ,,holbe94 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #bj4 ,,! ,,f\nd+ ,,( ,,basel #fa ,design = pa9t$ glass4 ,by ,,ambrosius ,,holbe94 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ba4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,"y ,,man 7#aeah7 #fa ,by ,,ambrosius ,,holbe94 ,royal ,h]mitage ,gall]y1 ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 #bb4 ,,illu/ration ,,to ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m',s #fb 8,,utopia0 ,by ,,ambrosius ,,holbe94 ,f a woodcut 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #bc4 ,,designs ,,= ,,! ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,,( ,,! #fh ,,h]t5/e9 ,,h\se1 ,,luc]ne 7#a7 ,,le,,na ,,& ,,! ,,judges4 7#b7 ,,ar*itectural ,,decoration ,,( ,,! ,,gr\nd ,,floor4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #bd4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,b5$ikt ,,von ,,h]t5/e9 #gb 7#aeag7 ,metropolitan ,museum1 ,new ,york4 #be4 ,,! ,,la/ ,,supp] #ge ,c5tral panel ( a ,tripty*4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #bf4 ,,! ,,ar*angel ,,mi*ael ,,z ,,weigh] ,,( #gi ,,s\ls ,draw+4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #bg4 ,,m9]s ,,at ,,"w #hj ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink1 p51 & bi/re4 ,briti% ,museum4 #bh4 ,,bonifacius ,,am]ba* 7#aeai7 #he ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #bi4 7#a7 ,,adoration ,,( ,,! ,,%eph]ds4 7#b7 #hh ,,adoration ,,( ,,! ,,k+s ,inn] sides ( ! w+s ( ! ,ob]ri$ alt>-piece4 ,univ]sity ,*apel1 ,freiburg ,m9/]4 #cj4 ,,! ,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/ #ia ,out] sides ( ! w+s ( an alt>-piece4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ca4 7#a7 ,,*ri/ ,,be>+ ,,! ,,cross4 7#b7 ,,! #id ,,crucifixion ,details ( ! out] sides ( ! w+s ( ! 8,passion0 ,alt>-piece4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #cb4 8,,noli ,,me ,,tang]e0 #ie ,*ri/ appe>+ to ,m>y ,magdal54 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace4 #cc4 7#a7 ,,*ri/1 ,,! ,,man ,,( ,,sorr[s4 7#b7 #ih ,,m>y1 ,,mat] ,,dolorosa ,dipty*1 pa9t$ 9 br[n mono*rome1 ) blue sky4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #cd4 ,,! ,,holy ,,family #ii ,wa%$ draw+ on a r$ gr\nd4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ce4 ,,! ,,dead ,,*ri/ ,,9 ,,! ,,tomb 7#aeba7 #aja ,pr$ella ( an alt>-piece4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #cf4 ,,! ,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild1 ,,) ,,/4 ,,ursus ,,& #ajc ,a ,,holy ,,bi%op 7#aebb7 ,solo?urn ,gall]y4 #cg4 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,woman1 ,,possibly #ajf ,,holbe9',s ,,wife ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,royal ,picture ,gall]y1 ,maurit%uis1 ,! ,hague4 #ch4 ,,head ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,woman1 ,,probably #ajh ,,holbe9',s ,,wife ,/udy = ! ,solo?urn 8,madonna40 ,silv]-po9t draw+1 t\*$ ) r$4 ,l\vre1 ,p>is4 #ci4 ,,design ,,= ,,! ,,organ-,,case ,,doors1 ,,basel #aac ,,ca!dral ,p5 & wa% draw+4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #dj4 7#a7 ,,/udy ,,= ,a ,,pa9t$ ,,h\se ,,front ,,) #aba ,,! ,,figure ,,( ,a ,,seat$ ,,emp]or4 7#b7 ,,! ,,ambassadors ,,( ,,! ,,samnites ,,be=e ,,curius ,,d5tatus ,! latt] a fragm5t ( ! wall-pa9t+ 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #da4 ,,sapor ,,& ,,val]ian #aca ,design = "o ( ! wall-pa9t+s 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall4 ,p5 & wat]-col\r draw+4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #db4 7#a7 ,,two ,,l&skne*te4 7#b7 ,,! ,,prodigal #aci ,,son ,designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #dc4 ,,design ,,= ,a ,,pa9t$ ,,w9d[ ,,) ,,! #add ,,coat ,,( ,,arms ,,( ,,! ,,von ,,hew5 ,,family 7#aebj7 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #dd4 ,,/4 ,,elizabe?1 ,,) ,,kneel+ ,,knight ,,& #adh ,,begg> ,design = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #de4 ,,! ,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild1 ,,) ,a ,,kneel+ #adi ,,donor ,design = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #df4 7#a7 ,,*ri/ ,,be=e ,,caiaphas4 7#b7 ,,! #aea ,,sc\rg+ ,,( ,,*ri/ ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #dg4 7#a7 ,,! ,,mock+ ,,( ,,*ri/4 7#b7 ,,*ri/ #aeb ,,cr[n$ ,,) ,,?orns ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #dh4 7#a7 ,,pilate ,,wa%+ ,,8 ,,h&s4 7#b7 ,,ecce #aec ,,homo ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #di4 7#a7 ,,*ri/ ,,be>+ ,,! ,,cross4 7#b7 ,,! #aed ,,/ripp+ ,,( ,,*ri/',s ,,g>m5ts ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ej4 7#a7 ,,*ri/ ,,nail$ ,,to ,,! ,,cross4 7#b7 ,,! #aee ,,crucifixion ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ea4 7#a7 ,,co/ume ,,/udy4 7#b7 ,,co/ume ,,/udy #aeg ,two draw+s f a set ( designs ( ladies' co/umes4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #eb4 8,,! ,,edeldame0 #aeg ,draw+ f a set ( designs ( ladies' co/umes4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ec4 ,a ,,fight ,,betwe5 ,,l&skne*te #afj ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ed4 ,,erasmus 7#aebc7 #afi ,reproduc$ by k9d p]mission ( ! ,e>l ( ,radnor4 ,long=d ,ca/le1 ,salisbury4 #ee4 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,h&s ,,( ,,erasmus #aga ,draw+ 9 silv]-po9t & r$ & black *alk4 ,l\vre1 ,p>is4 #ef4 ,,erasmus 7#aebc7 #agb ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,l\vre1 ,p>is4 #eg4 ,,! ,,du*ess ,,( ,,b]ry #agf ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #eh4 7#a7 ,,erasmus #ahj ,r\ndel4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 7#b7 ,,philip ,,melan*?on #ahj ,r\ndel4 ,prov9zial ,museum1 ,hanov]4 #ei4 ,,erasmus #aha ,f a woodcut 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fj4 ,,mucius ,,sc,,vola ,,& ,,l>s ,,pors5a #aia ,woodcut fir/ us$ 9 #aeaf4 ,f a copy ( ,m's 8,epigrams0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fa4 8,,! ,,table ,,( ,,cebes0 #aic ,woodcut fir/ us$ 9 #aeba4 ,f a copy ( ,p]otto's 8,cornucopi0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fb4 ,,title-,,page ,,to ,,lu!r',s 8,,new ,,te/am5t0 #aie ,woodcut fir/ us$ 9 #aebb4 ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fc4 ,,! ,,f\r ,,evangeli/s #aie ,woodcuts & ,initial ,lett]s us$ on ! fir/ page ( ea* gospel 9 ! #aebc edition ( ,lu!r's 8,new ,te/am5t40 ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fd4 ,,! 8,,cleopatra0 ,,title-,,page #aih ,woodcut fir/ us$ 9 #aebc4 ,f a copy ( ,erasmus' 8,*ri/iani ,matrimonii ,in/itutio0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fe4 7#a7 ,,*ri/ ,,! ,,true ,,light4 7#b7 ,,! ,,sale #aih ,,( ,,indulg5ces ,woodcuts4 ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #ff4 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,dea? ,,woodcuts #bag 7#a7 ,,! ,,emp]or4 7#b7 ,,! ,,k+4 7#c7 ,,! ,,c>d9al4 7#d7 ,,! ,,empress4 7#e7 ,,! ,,advocate4 7#f7 ,,! ,,c\nsellor4 7#g7 ,,! ,,prea*]4 7#h7 ,,! ,,prie/4 ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fg4 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,dea? ,,woodcuts #bbj 7#a7 ,,! ,,old ,,man4 7#b7 ,,! ,,c\ntess4 7#c7 ,,! ,,noble ,,lady4 7#d7 ,,! ,,du*ess4 7#e7 ,,! ,,pl\ghman4 7#f7 ,,! ,,"y ,,*ild4 7#g7 ,,! ,,la/ ,,judgm5t4 7#h7 ,,! ,,arms ,,( ,,dea?4 ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #fh4 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,dea? ,,alphabet #bbd ,f a pro( 9 ! ,royal ,pr9t ,cab9et1 ,dresd54 #fi4 ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,woodcuts #bcj 7#a7 ,,jacob ,,bless+ ,,ephraim ,,& ,,manasseh4 7#b7 ,,ru? ,,& ,,boaz4 7#c7 ,,judi? ,,) ,,! ,,head ,,( ,,hol(]nes4 7#d7 ,,amos ,,prea*+4 ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #gj4 ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,woodcuts #bcj 7#a7 ,,moses ,,receiv+ ,,! ,,tables ,,( ,,! ,,law4 7#b7 ,,! ,,return ,,f ,,! ,,babylonian ,,captivity4 ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 7#c7 ,,! ,,angel ,,%[+ ,,/4 ,,john ,,! ,,new ,,j]usalem 7,revelation xxi474 ,woodcut f ,adam ,petri's 8,new ,te/am5t10 #aebc4 ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #ga4 ,,! ,,mey] ,,madonna #bcc ,d>m/adt4 #gb4 7#a7 ,,jakob ,,mey]4 7#b7 ,,doro!a #bcf ,,kann5giess] ,/udies = ! ,mey] ,madonna4 ,draw+s 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #gc4 7#a7 ,,magdal5a ,,(f5burg ,,z ,,v5us 7#aebf74 #bdf 7#b7 ,,magdal5a ,,(f5burg ,,z ,,la,s 7#aebf7 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #gd4 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p #bic ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink1 ) corrections & inscriptions 9 br[n4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ge4 ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p #bie ,reproduc$ by k9d p]mission ( ,"l ,/4 ,oswald4 ,no/ell ,priory1 ,wakefield4 #gf4 ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p #cja ,! v]sion =m]ly at ,bur=d ,priory1 n[ 9 ! possession ( ,messrs4 ,p>k5?orpe1 ,london4 ,reproduc$ by k9d p]mission ( ,sir ,hugh ,p4 ,lane4 #gg4 ,,cecilia ,,h]on1 ,,daught] ,,( ,,sir ,,?omas #cjc ,,m ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 #gh4 ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m #cjc ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 #gi4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,engli% ,,lady #cji ,draw+ 9 black & r$ *alk & ,indian ink4 ,salt+ ,beque/1 ,briti% ,museum4 #hj4 ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,gulde=d 7#aebg7 #cag ,reproduc$ 9 col\r1 by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 #ha4 7#a7 ,,john ,,fi%]1 ,,bi%op ,,( ,,ro*e/] #cba ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 7#b7 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady1 #cba ,,possibly ,,lady ,,gulde=d ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #hb4 7#a7 ,,unkn[n ,,engli%man4 7#b7 ,,unkn[n #cba ,,engli% ,,lady ,draw+s 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #hc4 ,,william ,,w>ham1 ,,ar*bi%op ,,( ,,cant]bury #cbb 7#aebg7 ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,l\vre1 ,p>is4 #hd4 ,,?omas ,,& ,,john ,,godsalve 7#aebh7 #cbe ,royal ,picture ,gall]y1 ,dresd54 #he4 ,,sir ,,john ,,godsalve #cbf ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks & wat]-col\r4 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 #hf4 ,,niklaus ,,kratz] 7#aebh7 #cbg ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,l\vre1 ,p>is4 #hg4 ,,sir ,,bryan ,,tuke #cca ,alte ,p9ako!k1 ,muni*4 #hh4 ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,wyat #cce ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,l\vre1 ,p>is4 #hi4 ,,sir ,,?omas ,,elyot #ccf ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks4 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 #ij4 ,,holbe9',s ,,wife ,,& ,,*ildr5 7#aebh-i7 #cdc ,reproduc$ 9 col\r4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ia4 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,woman #cdf ,unf9i%$ /udy 9 oils4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ib4 ,,k+ ,,rehoboam ,,rebuk+ ,,! ,,eld]s 7#aecj7 #cdh ,?ree fragm5ts ( ! wall-pa9t+ =m]ly 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ic4 ,,k+ ,,rehoboam ,,rebuk+ ,,! ,,eld]s #cdh ,/udy = ! wall-pa9t+ =m]ly 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #id4 ,,samuel ,,& ,,saul #cej ,p5 draw+ 9 br[n t\*$ ) wat]-col\r4 ,/udy = ! wall-pa9t+ =m]ly 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall4 ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel4 #ie4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady #ced ,=m]ly 9 ! possession ( ! ,bod5ham family1 ,ro!rwas ,hall1 ,h]e=d4 ,reproduc$ by k9d p]mission ( ,mr4 ,ay]/ ,h4 ,butt]y4 ,mr4 ,ay]/ ,h4 ,butt]y1 ,london4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,note ,! foll[+ abbreviations are us$ 9 ! footnotes to ?is book3-- ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 = ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 ,=eign & ,dome/ic1 ( ! ,reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,davies1 = ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng] 7,g]ald ,s4 ,davies74 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 = ,holbe9 d4 ,j41 des ,mei/]s ,gemlde 9 #beb ,abbildung5 7,klassik] d] ,kun/74 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 = ,h&zei*nung5 ,s*weiz]is*] ,mei/]1 ed4 ,dr4 ,paul ,ganz4 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 = ,h&zei*nung5 von ,hans ,holbe9 dem ,jng]54 ,woltmann1 = ,holbe9 und se9e ,zeit 7,a4 ,woltmann74 ,wornum1 = ,"s ,acc\nt ( ! ,life & ,works ( ,hans ,holbe9 7,r4 ,n4 ,wornum74 ,9 ord] to obviate ! con/ant use ( a some:at long (ficial title1 ! ,public ,picture ,collection1 ,basel1 is g5]ally ref]r$ to 9 ?is book z ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng] ,,*apt] ,i ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,& ,,8 ,,family ,! ,holbe9 family 9 ,switz]l& & ,s\? ,g]many--,mi*el ,holbe91 ! lea!r-dress]--,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]1 citiz5 ( ,augsburg--,8 bro!r ,sigmund1 & 8 two sons1 ,ambrosius & ,hans--,! art ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld] & 8 position 9 ! ,g]man ,s*ool ( pa9t+--,8 pr9cipal pictures--,"w 9 ,ulm & ,frankfurt--,pa9t+s = ! ,conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,augsburg--,"w = ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,moritz--,monet>y difficulties--,! ,/4 ,seba/ian alt>-piece--! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life0 at ,lisbon--,8 silv]-po9t portrait draw+s--,8 dea? at ,is5heim4 ,,dur+ ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies ! "n ( ,holbe9 0 n uncommon 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,s\!rn ,g]many & ,switz]l&4 ,at ,rav5sburg1 ne> ,lake ,con/ance1 a family ( t "n _h settl$ z pap] manufactur]s1 _! trade-m>k be+ a bull's head1 :i* 0 also us$ by ,hans ,holbe9 9 8 coat ( arms4 ,! "n is also f\nd 9 ! records ( ! t[n ( ,grn/adt1 9 ,rh5i% ,bav>ia1 dur+ ! same c5turies2 :ile = a /ill long] p]iod memb]s ( a ,holbe9 family 7 liv+ 9 ,basel1 :]e !y _h a h\se call$ 8,zum ,pap/0 9 ! ,g]b]gasse4 ,x 0 f ?is bran* t ! pa9t] 0 9 all probability desc5d$1#a & x is also possible t ! ,basel & ,rav5sburg ,holbe9s 7 connect$4 ,?is relation%ip betwe5 ! ?ree bran*es may h be5 "o ( ! reasons :i* induc$ ! y\?ful ,hans to turn 8 face t[>ds ,switz]l& :5 he f9ally left ,augsburg1 ! city ( 8 bir?4 ,9 ,augsburg itself ! fir/ ref]5ce to a burgh] be>+ ! "n ( ,holbe9 occurs 9 ! middle ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,9 #addh a c]ta9 ,mi*el ,holbe91 :o _h be5 liv+ at ,ob]s*nefeld1 9 ! ne> neighb\rhood1 mov$ into ,augsburg1 & settl$ !re p]man5tly4 ,9 ! fir/ entry 9 ! records 9 :i* 8 "n occurs he is call$ 8,mi*el von ,s*n5feld10 b 9 #aded 8 surname is giv5 z 8,holba910 ?is be+ ! common spell+ ( ! "n 9 ,augsburg at t "t1 or1 less frequ5tly1 8,holpa940 ,?is ,mi*el ,holbe91 :o came f ,ob]s*nefeld1 & di$ 9 ,augsburg ab\t #adig1 & at "o "t 0 reg>d$ z ! fa!r ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]1 is no long] consid]$ to be id5tical ) ! latt]1 :o 0 also nam$ ,mi*el & 0 a lea!r-dress] by trade4 ,f #adfd to #adge ! la/ nam$ 0 liv+ 9 a h\se ( 8 own1 ,no4 #dgb;,a 9 ! ,vord]] ,le*1 :i* is spok5 ( z 8,mi*el ,holba9s ,hus10 or 8,domus ,mi*el ,holba9s40 ,aft] #adge he *ang$ 8 dwell+ m ?an once1 & 8 sev]al removals c be trac$ f ! rate-books1 9 :i* 8 addresses at v>i\s dates are giv5 z 8,salta zum ,s*le*t5bad10 8,vom ,bilgrimhaus10 8,vom ,nag5ga/10 8,9 d] ,pr$ig] ,g>t510 & s on4 ,all ^! places 7 9 ! ,vord]] & ,mittl]] ,le*1 9 t "p ( ! city to ! ea/ ( ! ,maximilian/rasse kn[n z ! ,diepold1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,le* canals & /reams1 by :i* ,augsburg is wat]$1 along ! banks ( :i* mo/ ( ! small] trades ( ! city 7 c>ri$ on & ! work%ops ( ! artific]s & metal-work]s 7 situat$4 ,9 ! ye>s #adgi1 #adha1 & #adhb ,mi*el ,holbe9 0 abs5t f ,augsburg1 & appe>s to h left 8 wife beh9d him1 = 9 #adha x is not$ aga9/ h] 9 ! rate-book t h] husb& 0 n ) h] 78,ihr ,mann ni*t bei ihr074 ,mi*el ,holbe9 di$ probably ab\t ! ye> #adhd4b ,8 wid[1 ^: "n fir/ occurs 9 ! t[n records 9 #adfi1 cont9u$ to move f h\se to h\se1 h] addresses be+ giv5 z 89 d] ,/rasse ,am ,jud5b]g10 8,von ,sant ,an?on9o10 8,vom ,diepolt10 & beyond ! ,/rf+] ,gate4 ,sid5ote3 ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,! "n ( 8,hanns ,holba90 fir/ appe>s 9 ! records 9 ! ye> #adid4 ,?is 0 ! pa9t] usually kn[n z ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]1 to di/+ui% him f 8 m celebrat$ son4 ,al?\gh !re is no actual pro( ( ! relation%ip1 !re is e reason to believe t ,hans ! ,eld] 0 "o ( ! sons ( ,mi*el ! curri]4 ,he liv$ 9 ! same qu>t] ( ! city z ! latt]1 8 address 9 #adid be+ 9 ! 8,/rasse vom ,diepolt10 & two ye>s lat] 9 ! 8,salta zum ,s*le*t5bad40 ,m ?an once ,hans ,holbe9's "m is m5tion$ z liv+ ) him1 ?us evid5tly at t "t a wid[1 :i* af=ds fur!r pro( 9 fav\r ( ! connection4#c ,9 #aejd x is record$ t ,sigmund1 8 bro!r1 0 liv+ 9 ! same h\se ) ,hans1 :i* confirms ! /atem5t by ,j4 von ,s&r>t1 "o ( ! e>lie/ ( ,holbe9's biograph]s1 9 8 ,teuts*e ,akademie 7#afge71 t ! eld] ,hans ,holbe9 & ,sigmund 7 bro!rs1 a relation%ip ( :i* absolute pro( is to be f\nd 9 ! latt]'s w4 ,sigmund 0 born aft] #adgg1 0 ( age 9 #aejc1 & di$ 9 ,b]ne 9 #aedj4d ,! two pa9t] bro!rs _h sev]al si/]s4 ,betwe5 #adgh & #adhj ! records speak ( a daught]1 ,b>b>a von ,ob]haus51 z liv+ ) h] "m1 ,mi*el ,holba991 & a few ye>s lat] a second daught]1 ,anna ,holba991 :o is sometimes call$ by ! dim9utive "n 8,endl940 ,!re appe> to h be5 f\r si/]s 9 all1 b ,sigmund ,holbe9 m5tions only ?ree ( !m 9 8 w1 ,b>b>a be+ app>5tly dead--,ursel 7,ursula7 ,nepp]s*mid1 ( ,augsburg2 ,anna ,el*+]1 liv+ by ,/4 ,ursula am ,s*wall1 9 ! same city2 & ,m>gre? ,h]w>t1 at ,essl+54 ,! "n ( ?is la/ si/]1 ,m>g>et1 occurs 9 ! t[n records f #aejb z 8,gret0 or 8,m>gre? ,holba9940 ,9 #adic !re is a ref]5ce to an 8,ottilia ,holba9l910 b ! use ( ! dim9utive 9 ?is case sugge/s t %e 0 a small *ild1 &1 !re=e1 m probably a daught] r ?an a si/] ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,at "o "t1 be=e ^! au!ntic records ( ! ,holbe9 family _h be5 une>!d f ! ,/eu]b*] & ,g]i*tsb*] ( ,augsburg1 x 0 believ$ t a ?ird pa9t] nam$ ,hans ,holbe9 _h exi/$1 ! fa!r ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]4 ,att5tion 0 fir/ call$ to him by ,passavant 9 #ahdf1 9 connection ) a pa9t+ !n 9 ! possession ( ,h]r ,samm ( ,m]g5?au1 & n[ 9 ! ,augsburg ,museum4 ,?is picture1 :i* repres5ts ! ,virg9 ,m>y seat$ on a grassy bank by a wall1 ) ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 h] arms1 is sign$ 8,hans ,holbe91 ,c4,a4 7i4e4 ,civis ,augu/anus7 #adei10 a date too e>ly = ! picture to h be5 pa9t$ by ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]2 b ! inscription has be5 prov$ to be a =g]y4 ,fur!r pro( ( ! exi/5ce ( ?is pa9t] 0 ?\ght to h be5 discov]$ 9 connection ) a second picture1 =ty ye>s lat] 9 date1 & 9 reality f ! h& ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]4 ,x is "o ( a s]ies ( six pictures repres5t+ ! pr9cipal basilicas ( ,rome1 ord]$ by ! nuns ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,augsburg 9 #adif1 on ! occasion ( ! recon/ruction ( _! conv5t4 ,! names ( ! sev]al donors ( ^! pictures1 ) ! prices & o!r details1 are pres]v$ 9 ! annals ( ! conv5t1 compil$ by ! nun ,dom9ica ,erh>dt f old records & docum5ts4 ,extracts f ?is "w 7 suppli$ to ,passavant1 includ+ "o ) ref]5ce to ! picture ( ! ,basilica ( ,santa ,m>ia ,maggiore1 n[ 9 ! ,augsburg ,gall]y 7,nos4 #fb-fd71 :i* is sign$ 8,hans ,holba90 on ! two bells 9 ! t[]1 & be>s ! date #adii4 ,! passage 9 "q is z foll[s3-- 8,item ,doro!a ,rl+]9 hat lass5 ma*5 uns] lieb5 frau5 ,taffel1 die ge/att od] /eht #de guld54 ,vom alt5 ,hans ,holbe9 hie40 7,item4 ,doro!a ,rl+]9 has ord]$ ( old ,hans ,holbe9 a panel pa9t+ ( our de> ,lady = ! sum ( #de guld547 ,! t]m 8old ,holbe910 ,passavant ?\ght1 c\ld only be appli$ to ! gr&fa!r ( ! family1 = 9 #adii ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng] 0 /ill a little *ild1 & 8 fa!r too "y a man to be t]m$ 8! old40 ,lat] rese>*es1 h[ev]1 prov$ t ! extracts suppli$ to ,passavant 7 incorrect1 conta9+ num]\s amplifications & spuri\s additions n to be f\nd 9 ! orig9al docum5t1 :i*1 aft] consid]able se>*1 0 discov]$ by ,dr4 ,woltmann 9 ! ,episcopal ,libr>y 9 ,augsburg4 ,9 ! orig9al record ! price paid = ! picture is giv5 z #fj guld51 & nei!r ! "n ( 8old ,holbe90 nor ( any o!r pa9t] occurs1 s t ! my? ( ! gr&fa!r ,hans 0 f9ally demoli%$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,my?ical ,,bruno ,,holbe9 ,!re is no record ( ! bir? ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]2 b z ! e>lie/ dat$ picture by him s f> discov]$ 0 pa9t$ 9 #adic1 x is suppos$ to h tak5 place ab\t #adgc-d4e ,!re is equal lack ( in=mation z to ! date ( 8 m>riage or ! "n ( 8 wife4 ,x 0 believ$ at "o "t1 on ! au?ority ( ,paul von ,/ett51 t %e 0 ! daught] ( ,?omas ,burgkmair1 & si/] ( ! m fam\s ,hans ,burgkmair1 & t ! "y c\ple liv$ ) _! fa!r-9-law2 b no confirmation ( ?is leg5d has be5 discov]$4 ,! two families dwelt 9 ! same /reet1 8,vom ,diepolt10 b ,burgkmair's h\se 0 ,no4 #g1 :ile ,holbe9's 0 ,no4 #ag4 ,8 family1 z f> z is kn[n1 consi/$ only ( 8 two sons1 ,ambrosius & ,hans4 ,a ?ird son1 ,bruno1 is m5tion$ by ,remigius ,faes* 7#afea7 9 8 manuscript notes pres]v$ 9 ! ,basel ,libr>y1 compil$ f in=mation suppli$ to him f ! ,am]ba* pap]s2 b beyond ?is %ort notice1 & a repetition ( x by ,pat91 !re is no trace ( a ,bruno ,holbe9 to be f\nd4 ,!re are two silv]-po9t draw+s1 "o ( ! head ( a *ild 9 ! ,b]nburg ,libr>y1#f & ! o!r ( a mitr$ bi%op 9 ! ,alb]t9a1 ,vi5na1#g bo? dat$ #aeae & sign$ ) ! lett]s ,b4 ,h4 9 monogram1 :i* x has be5 sugge/$ are ! "w ( ! suppos$ ,bruno4 ,dr4 ,woltmann1 h[ev]1 consid]$ !m to be by ,ambrosius ,holbe94 ,! latt]1 he says1 0 kn[n by ! dim9utive "n ( 8,prosy0 9 ! family circle1 & z at t "t 9 ,g]many ! lett]s p & b 7 (t5 us$ indiff]5tly--z c be se5 9 ! spell+ ( ,holbe9's own "n 9 ! ,augsburg records1 :]e x is sometimes giv5 z 8,holba910 & sometimes z 8,holpa90--x may well be t ! monogram on ^! two draw+s is t ( 8,prosy0 or 8,brosy0 ,holbe94#h ,mod]n criticism1 h[ev]1 has %[n t ! attribution ( ^! two draw+s to ,ambrosius is a wrong "o4#i ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,basilica ,,( ,s4 ,,m>ia ,,maggiore0 ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]1 ^: exceptional ability z an arti/ has always be5 ov]%ad[$ by ! great] g5ius ( 8 celebrat$ son1 0 "o ( ! mo/ repres5tative pa9t]s ( ! ,swabian ,s*ool at ! close ( ! fifte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,8 art1 m p>ticul>ly1 b n only1 9 its e>li] manife/ations1 %[s ! influ5ce ( ,m>t9 ,s*ongau]1 &1 ?r\gh ,s*ongau]1 t ( ,rogi] van d] ,weyd5 & ! ,flemi% ,s*ool4 ,! influ5ce ( ,s*ongau] ^u him is at times s m>k$ t x has be5 sugge/$ t he may h /udi$ "u him at ,colm> dur+ 8 y\ng] days4 ,:e!r ?is be true or n1 x is evid5t t ,holbe9 0 /ill "u ! spell ( ,s*ongau]'s pa9t+ dur+ 8 /ay 9 ,is5heim t[>ds ! end ( 8 life4 ,! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life10 pa9t$ !re 9 #aeai1 ow$ mu* ( its inspiration to ,s*ongau]'s 8,madonna 9 ! ,rose ,g>d510 :i* ,holbe9 mu/ h se5 9 ! n f>-di/ant city ( ,colm>4 ,bo? 9 ! types ( 8 figures & ! managem5t ( 8 drap]ies1 z well z 9 ! arrangem5t ( 8 compositions1 !re is an e*o ( ,s*ongau]'s art1 :i*1 h[ev]1 may n h be5 d]iv$ ?r\gh p]sonal contact ) t pa9t]1 b l>gely f ! /udy ( 8 num]\s engrav+s1 :i* 7 widely popul> ?r\gh\t ,s\!rn ,g]many4 ,s*ongau] himself1 ^: fa!r1 ,kasp] ,s*ongau]1 0 an ,augsburg pa9t]1 _h /udi$1 or1 at lea/1 _h come mu* "u ! influ5ce (1 ,rogi] van d] ,weyd5 at ,t\rnai1 & _h caught f him some?+ ( ! sweetness & grace :i* *>act]is$ ! f9e/ ,flemi% art ( t day4 ,^! *>act]i/ics1 & o!rs repres5tative ( ! s*ool1 he h&$ on 9 8 turn to ! ,swabian pa9t]s1 ! eld] ,holbe9 among !m4 ,hans ,burgkmair 0 "o ( ,s*ongau]'s pupils1 & 0 aft]w>ds a ne> neighb\r ( ,holbe91 s t he also may h be5 an inspir+ =ce 9 ! m\ld+ ( ! art ( bo? ! old] & ! y\ng] ,hans4 ,ano!r ( ,s*ongau]'s foll[]s1 ,b>tolomaeus ,zeitblom ( ,ulm1 is also consid]$ to h _h "s influ5ce ^u ! eld] ,holbe9's pa9t+4 ,! latt]1 at "o p]iod ( 8 c>e]1 became a citiz5 ( ,ulm1 :]e he mu/ h enc\nt]$ ,zeitblom1 ! lead+ pa9t] ( t city4 ,?us 8 e>li] works %[ a gradual fusion ( ! me?ods ( ! old ,g]man or ,rh5i% ,s*ool ) ^? ( ! ,flem+s4 ,he began to pa9t 9 ! days :5 ,g]man art 0 almo/ un9flu5c$ by ! great ,italian ,r5aissance1 :i* 0 gradually b surely spread+ ov] ,europe1 b be=e ! close ( 8 c>e] he _h succumb$ to its spell4 ,a *ronological exam9ation ( 8 lat] works %[s :at a vitalis+ =ce 8 /udy ( ,italian models _h ^u 8 /yle1 ?\gh he did n accept ^! *anges z easily or z rapidly z "s ( 8 contempor>ies1 su* z ,burgkmair4 ,unlike ! latt]1 h[ev]1 he nev] paid a visit to ,italy1 b he nev]!less f\nd x impossible 9 ! end to resi/ ! new arti/ic impulses ) :i* t c\ntry 0 !n flood+ ! re/ ( ,europe4 ,x 0 n necess>y = him1 h[ev]1 to cross ! ,alps 9 ord] to exp]i5ce ! magic spell ( ! new tea*+1 = ,augsburg 0 "o ( ! fir/ ( ! ,s\? ,g]man t[ns to feel ! effects ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,! two *ief r\tes f ,italy1 ! we/]n "o f ,milan1 & ! ea/]n road f ,v5ice1 met at its gates4 ,! great] "p ( ! trade betwe5 ! ,v5etian ,/ates & ,g]many pass$ ?r\gh ! city1 & its lead+ m]*ants _h bus9ess bran*es 9 ,v5ice & o!r ,nor? ,italian t[ns4 ,_m memb]s ( ! ,fugg] & o!r patrician families ( ,augsburg sp5t long p]iods 9 ! di/ricts imm$iately s\? ( ! ,alps1 = ! purpose ( ext5d+ _! trade connections2 & ! active comm]cial int]c\rse ) ,italy :i* result$ br\ght n only ri*es to ! ,augsburg]s1 b k & love ( ! new culture z well1 & ?us ?r\gh ! old free city ( ,swabia ! intellectual & arti/ic weal? ( ! ,r5aissance made its way into ,g]many4 ,! eld] ,holbe9 0 among ^? :o reap$ advantage f ?is int]c\rse betwe5 ! two c\ntries4 ,)\t entirely ab&on+ ! solid ,g]man gr\ndwork ( 8 art1 he /ripp$ x1 m p>ticul>ly 9 8 managem5t ( drap]ies1 ( _m ( its h>dnesses4 ,8 col\r grew m h>moni\s1 & 8 h&l+ broad] & m free4 ,8 figures became less att5uat$1 & 8 heads1 treat$ ) great] realism1 display$ m "*1 :ile ! g5]al composition ( 8 pictures %[$ a great] dignity ( conception & a deep] s5se ( beauty4 ,9 addition to ^! gradual *anges 9 8 art1 ! new influ5ce wr\ght a complete alt]ation 9 8 me?ods ( deal+ ) all accessories & ) ! ar*itectural backgr\nds aga9/ :i* 8 subjects 7 plac$1 ,r5aissance =ms & ornam5tation tak+ ! place ( ! e>li] ,go?ic sett+s4 ,! e>lie/ dat$ pictures :i* c be ascrib$ to him ) any c]ta9ty are f\r alt>-panels 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,augsburg1 ( ! ye> #adic1 :i* at "o "t =m$ ! two w+s ( an alt>-piece 9 ! ,abbey ( ,we+>t51 repres5t+ ,joa*im's ,sacrifice1 ! ,bir? & ! ,pres5tation ( ,m>y 9 ! ,temple1 & ! ,pres5tation ( ,*ri/4#aj ,!y display a /rong ,flemi% influ5ce1 ) a w>m1 lum9\s col\r1 & consid]able dignity & s5se ( beauty 9 ! figures4 ,8 next pictures ( :i* ! date is c]ta9 are ( ! ye> #adii1aa & include ! picture ( ! ,basilica ( ,santa ,m>ia ,maggiore1#ab ! "w already m5tion$ z ord]$ by ,doro!a ,rl+]9#ac = ! ,conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,augsburg1 & at "o "t attribut$ to ! my?ical gr&fa!r ,hans4 ,x is a panel 9 ! =m ( a broad po9t$ ar*1 correspond+1 l ! five o!r pictures ( ! s]ies1 ) ! vault+ ( ! *amb] = :i* x 0 pa9t$4 ,x conta9s f\r sc5es 9 ?ree sections1 divid$ f "o ano!r by gild$ ,go?ic ornam5tation4 ,! l[] half ( ! c5tral comp>tm5t conta9s a view ( ! *ur*1 ) a pilgrim kneel+ at ! alt>4 ,on ! two bells is inscrib$ 8,hans ,holba--9 #adii10 :ile an 8,h0 is on "o ( ! tomb/ones1 & ! date is repeat$ on ! out] wall ( ! *ur*4 ,! upp] "p ( ! ar* is fill$ ) ! ,cr[n+ ( ! ,virg94 ,! division on ! left conta9s ,/4 ,joseph & ! ,virg9 ador+ ! ,*ild 9 ! /able1 t on ! "r ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,doro!a1 9 hon\r ( ! donor ( ! picture1 :o is repres5t$1 a small figure1 kneel+ 9 pray] beh9d ! sa9t4 ,?is picture is n[ 9 ! ,augsburg ,museum 7,nos4 #fb-fd74 ,a second "w 9 ! same gall]y 7,no4 #fa71 ( ! same date1 is1 h[ev]1 f> inf]ior to ! =ego+1 ! execution be+ c>eless & p]functory4 ,x 0 a commission f ! nun ,walburg ,vett]1 also = ! ,conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e1 z an (f]+ f h]self1 & 9 memory ( h] two si/]s1 ,v]onica & ,*ri/9a1 all ?ree ( :om liv$1 di$1 & 7 buri$ 9 ! conv5t2 & ! indiff]5ce ( ! workman%ip has be5 attribut$ to ! fact t ,holbe9 receiv$ extremely poor paym5t = x1 only #bf guld5 9 all4 ,x has an ar*$ top1 & is divid$ into a numb] ( small comp>tm5ts1 ) ! ,cr[n+ ( ! ,virg9 above1 & six r\ghly-pa9t$ sc5es f ,*ri/'s ,passion bel[1 9 :i* ! figures1 m p>ticul>ly ( ! execution]s1 are extremely repulsive4 ,x is dat$1 & conta9s a long inscription4#ad ,%ortly aft] he _h s5t out ?is v inf]ior example ( 8 art f 8 work%op1 ,holbe9 appe>s to h left ,augsburg = a ye> or two1 & to h settl$ 9 ,ulm4 ,8 "n is f\nd 9 ! ,augsburg rate-books e ye> f #adid to #adii1 b is miss+ 9 #aejj & #aeja1 :ile !re is a docum5t 9 ! ,augsburg ar*ives1 dat$ ,w$nesday1 ,novemb] #f1 #adii1 :i* proves t 9 t ye> he _h become = ! "t be+ a citiz5 ( ,ulm 78,hanns5 ,holba9 dem ,mall]1 jetzo ,brg] zu ,ulm071#ae ?\gh no traces rema9 ( any "w und]tak5 by him 9 t city4 ,?is entry is 9 connection ) ! contract = ! pur*ase ( a h\se 9 ,augsburg f :i* ,holbe9 receiv$ int]e/4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,kai%eim ,,alt>-,,piece ,9 #aeja he 0 9 ,frankfurt1 engag$ ^u an alt>-piece = ! ,dom9ican conv5t *ur*4 ,two l>ge panels1 :i* once =m$ ! back ( ! c5tre portion ( ?is "w1 repres5t ! g5ealogy ( ,*ri/ & t ( ! ,dom9icans1#af ea* 9 two divisions4 ,on ! fir/ !re is a ,lat9 inscription /at+ t ! "w 0 execut$ 9 #aeja to ! ord] ( ! ,sup]ior1 "o 8,i4 ,w410 & conclud+ ) ! words1 8,,hans ,,hoilbayn ,,de ,,avgv/a ,,me ,,p9xit40 ,^! panels are n[ 9 ! ,/dtis*es ,museum 9 ,frankfurt1 toge!r ) sev5 out ( eight sc5es ( 8,*ri/'s ,passion10 :i* orig9ally cov]$ ! out] & inn] sides ( ! w+s ( ! same alt>-piece4#ag ,9 #aejb he 0 back aga9 9 ,augsburg1 at "w ^u a l>ge alt>-piece = ! mona/]y ( ,kai%eim at ,donauwr?4 ,sixte5 portions ( x1 :i* =m$ ! inn] & out] panels ( ! fold+ doors1 are n[ 9 ! ,muni* ,gall]y 7,nos4 #aic-bjh74ah ,betwe5 ! ye>s #adij & #aeji ! ,abbot ,georg ,ka/n] sp5t mu* money on ! adornm5t ( ! f9e ,go?ic *ur* ( ?is fam\s imp]ial mona/]y1 & 9 an old manuscript *ronicle :i* has surviv$1 !re is a passage ref]r+ to ?is p>ticul> alt>-piece1 f :i* x is to be ga!r$ t two o!r artific]s ( ,augsburg1 ! sculptor ,gregorius & ! jo9] ,adolph ,ka/n]1 7 associat$ ) ,holbe9 9 ! "w4 ,x speaks ( !m z ?ree ma/]s ( ,augsburg1 :o 7 ! be/ ma/]s f> & ne>4 ,! panels f ! out] sides ( ! %utt]s repres5t sc5es f ! ,passion1 ^? f ! inn] ones incid5ts 9 ! life ( ! ,virg9 & ! *ildhood ( ,*ri/4 ,! =m] are ( inf]ior workman%ip to ! latt]1 & 7 no d\bt produc$ :olly or 9 great "p by an appr5tice or assi/ant1 = !y display _m exagg]at$ & grotesque types & a g5]al lack ( ta/e 9 composition4 ,! inn] panels %[ a f> high] /&>d1 & are f ! h& ( ! eld] ,holbe9 himself1 ^: signature occurs no less ?an ?ree times z 8,j4 ,h410 8,hans ,holbon10 & f9ally ! inscription1 8,depictum p] ,johannem ,holba9 ,augu/5sem #aejb40 ,/udies = "s ( ! heads are to be f\nd 9 8 sket*-book 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,sev]al panels repres5t+ ! m>tyrdom ( ! ,apo/les1 at ,nuremb]g1 ,s*leis%eim1 & else:]e1 h mu* 9 common ) ! ,kai%eim alt>-piece4 ,9 ! same ye> 7#aejb7 ,holbe9 0 engag$ = a second "t ^u "w = ! ,conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,augsburg4 ,?is 0 a panel1 9 ?ree comp>tm5ts1 repres5t+ ! ,transfiguration ( ,*ri/1#ai a commission f a lead+ ,augsburg citiz51 ,ulri* ,wal!r1 ^: daught]s1 ,anna & ,m>ia1 7 inmates ( ! conv5t1 ! =m] be+ ! prioress4 ,x is n[ 9 ! ,augsburg ,gall]y 7,nos4 #fe-fg74 ,x 0 ord]$ to be made 8to ! praise ( ,god & 9 hon\r ( 8 two daught]s10 & ! price paid 0 #ed guld5 #cj kreuz]s4 ,wal!r1 :o1 dy+ at ! age ( eighty-six 9 #aeje1 left beh9d him "o hundr$ & ?irty-?ree liv+ desc5dants1 is repres5t$ kneel+ 9 ! l[] "p ( ! left-h& comp>tm5t1 ) eight sons beh9d him2 & 9 ! correspond+ "p ( ! opposite comp>tm5t are 8 wife1 ! two nuns1 & twelve o!rs1 daught]s & daught]s-9-law1 also kneel+ 9 pray]4 ,^! portraits1 ( :i* ^? ( ! y\ng] *ildr5 9 p>ticul> are ( consid]able *>m1 =m ! happie/ "p ( ! pa9t+4 ,9 ! c5tral subject1 ! movem5ts by :i* ! ,apo/les express _! surprise at ! transfiguration ( _! ,ma/] are exagg]at$ almo/ to ! po9t ( c>icature4 ,! side panels repres5t ! ,miracle ( ! ,loaves & ,fi%es1 & ! ,heal+ ( ! ,possess$ ,y\?4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,baptism ,,( ,,/4 ,,paul0 ,a mu* f9] "w1 pa9t$ = ! same conv5t1 is ! 8,basilica ( ,/4 ,paul10#bj l ! 8,transfiguration10 n[ 9 ! ,augsburg ,gall]y 7,nos4 #fh-gj74 ,al?\gh undat$1 x is usually ascrib$ to ! ye> #aejd4 ,x 0 ord]$ by ,v]onica ,weis]1 daught] ( ! ,burgoma/] ,b>?olomu ,wels]4 ,%e 0 "o ( ! weal?ie/ ( ! si/]s1 & 0 at t "t secret>y to ! conv5t1 & aft]w>ds succe$$ ,anna ,wal!r z prioress4 ,x foll[s ! %ape ( ! o!r pictures 9 ! cloi/]s1 t ( a broad po9t$ ar*1 & is divid$ into a c5tral & two side panels1 sep>at$ by late ,go?ic gild$ ornam5tation4 ,x depicts sc5es f ! life ( ,/4 ,paul4 ,9 ! upp] ar*$ portion is ! ,mock+ ( ,*ri/1 :ile ! l[] comp>tm5ts conta9 ! ,conv]sion1 ,baptism1 ,m>tyrdom1 & ,burial ( ,/4 ,paul1 ) o!r ev5ts 9 8 life 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,9 ! c5tral division ,holbe9 has %[n ! donor seat$ 9 a *air 9 front ( ! basilica ) h] back to ! spectator1 an evid5t portrait1 al?\gh ! face is n visible4 ,! "n 8,!cla0 is writt5 on ! *air-back4 ,! division on ! left h& is ( mu* great] int]e/1 = x conta9s portraits ( ! ,holbe9 family1 includ+ ! e>lie/ b "o kn[n ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng]4 ,! subject is ! ,baptism ( ,/4 ,paul 7,pl4 #a71 :o is repres5t$1 a nude figure1 /&+ 9 a /one font 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,9 ! "r-h& =egr\nd ! arti/ has plac$ a gr\p ( ?ree spectators1 a middle-ag$ man & two small boys1 repres5t+1 accord+ to old tradition1 ! pa9t] himself & 8 two sons1 ,ambrosius & ,hans4 ,! tru? ( ?is tradition is confirm$ by ?ree draw+s by ! eld] ,holbe9 :i* /ill exi/--"o1 a head ( himself1 a /udy = ! ,/4 ,seba/ian alt>-piece1 inscrib$ 8,hanns ,holba9 mal]--,d] alt10 n[ 9 ! ,aumale ,collection at ,*antilly2#ba & ! o!rs1 9 ! ,b]l9 ,pr9t ,room1 repres5t+ ! two boys 9 ! ye>s #aejb & #aeaa4bb ,9 ! picture ! pa9t] himself1 ) long hair & a fl[+ be>d1 b ! upp] lip %av$1 & dress$ 9 a fur-l9$ coat1 /&s ) 8 "r h& re/+ ^u ! head ( ! y\ng] boy1 & ) ! fir/ f+] ( 8 left po9ts t[>ds him z ?\gh wi%+ to draw p>ticul> att5tion to him4 ,ambrosius1 ) 8 hair curl+ ^u 8 %\ld]s1 /&s ) 8 "r h& plac$ affectionately ^u 8 y\ng] bro!r's %\ld]1 & ) 8 left clasps ! o!r's h&4 ,bo? boys are dress$ 9 grey clo? g[ns1 ) gait]s & ?ick %oes1 ! eld] hav+ a p5-case & ink-bottle susp5d$ f 8 girdle4 ,hans1 a big-head$1 r\nd-fac$1 *ubby little lad1 six or sev5 ye>s old1 has %ort] hair4 ,"o h& is rais$ to 8 *e/1 & ! o!r grasps a /ick4 ,! fa!r's face is n a highly intellectual "o1 b is s5sitive & amiable2 t ( ! boy ,hans is /rong] 9 "*1 ) a f9e =ehead & good m\?4 ,on ! opposite side ( ! picture !re /&s a lady1 se5 9 pr(ile1 ) plait$ gold5 hair & a :ite head-dress4 ,h] co/ume is a ri* "o1 ) brocad$ sleeves1 & ! l[] "p ( h] skirts edg$ ) pe>ls4 ,tradition1 :i* is possibly correct1 decl>es ?is lady to be ! "m ( ! two boys4 ,!re is consid]able lik5ess betwe5 h] & ,ambrosius1 & x is evid5t t %e is tak+ no "p 9 ! incid5t ( ! ,baptism beyond t ( a v passive spectator4 ,! co/ume %e we>s precludes h] f be+ ! donor ( ! picture1 :o1 inde$1 is already repres5t$ 9 ! c5tral comp>tm5t4 ,holbe9 app>5tly introduc$ 8 :ole family into ! "w4 ,! only reason = ?r[+ d\bt on ! tradition lies 9 ! elaborate dress %e is we>+1 :i* seems too sumptu\s = a poor pa9t]'s wife2 = ! eld] ,holbe9 at ?is p]iod ( 8 life 0 9 frequ5t difficulties ov] money4 ,mr4 ,g]ald ,davies draws att5tion to a draw+ by him 9 col\r$ *alks 9 ! ,muni* ,pr9t ,room1 :i*1 he ?9ks1 repres5ts ! wife "s ye>s e>li]1 p]haps be=e h] m>riage4#bc 8,x is10 he says1 8a v *>m+ draw+ ( a "y woman1 n ( any special beauty beyond t :i* belongs to e "y face :i* has ! sp>kle ( happy pleasure 9 ! lips & eyes2 ! hair is p>tly cov]$ ) a :ite cap1 into :i* "s delicate yell[ is t\*$1 & %e we>s yell[ sleeves & b&s ( ! same col\r across ! :ite *e/ front4 ,all[+ = "s ye>s' diff]5ce 9 age1 ?is may well1 ,i ?9k1 be ! same p]son z %e :o appe>s 9 ! ,augsburg picture4 ,b1 :e!r x be ! "m ( ! great pa9t] or no1 x is c]ta9ly a /udy :i* %[s ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld] to h be5 possess$ 9 "s degree ( ^? v qualities 9 :i* 8 son aft]w>ds /ood supreme4 ,!re is some?+ ( ! same sympa!tic p[] ( see+1 & ! same complet5ess ( record+ :at has be5 se51 )\t p$antries & )\t make%ifts1 all t gives to any giv5 human face its *>m & its int]e/4444 ,!re is 9 x some?+ ( inspiration :i* nei!r c>e nor indu/ry nor /r5g?--& !re are c]ta9ly arti/s /rong] ?an he--c give4 ,!re is 9 ?is draw+ ! g]m1 & some?+ m ?an ! g]m1 ( ! _s ( 8 great son40#bd ,?is alt>-piece1 9 :i* ! figures are repres5t$ at ab\t "o-?ird ! size ( life1 m>ks a consid]able advance 9 ,holbe9's art1 bo? 9 te*nical qualities1 ! h>mony ( col\r+1 & 9 ! draw+ ( ! figures & natural arrangem5t ( ! drap]ies4 ,:5 ord]+ ! picture1 ,v]onica ,wels] at ! same "t commission$ ,hans ,burgkmair to pa9t "o ( ! ,basilica ( ,santa ,croce & ! leg5d ( ,/4 ,ursula4 ,only "o paym5t1 #ahg guld51 is record$ = ! two4 ,z ,burgkmair's picture is dat$ #aejd1 x is natural to suppose t ,holbe9's alt>-piece 0 pa9t$ at ab\t ! same "t4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,baptism ,,( ,,/4 ,,paul ,left-h& panel ( ! 8,/4 ,paul0 ,alt>-piece1 ) portraits ( ! ,holbe9 ,family ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,augsburg ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,eld] ,,holbe9',s ,,tr\bles ,betwe5 ! ye>s #aejd & #aejh ,holbe9 f\nd frequ5t employm5t 9 connection ) ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,moritz 9 ,augsburg4 ,v>i\s paym5ts are record$ 9 ! *ur* acc\nt books1 b ! pictures he pa9t$ _c n[ be trac$4 ,among !m appe> to h be5 two l>ge alt>-pieces1 = :i* he frequ5tly receiv$ small sums 9 advance at 8 own reque/4 ,on ! #bh? ,octob] #aejf1 he agre$ to supply f\r alt>-panels = #ajj guld51 receiv+ #aj guld5 on acc\nt4 ,money 0 evid5tly sc>ce 9 ! ,holbe9 h\sehold 9 ^! ye>s2 he 0 ev5 oblig$ to borr[ #c guld5 f ! *ur*w>d5's wife4 ,= ! second alt>-piece1 commission$ on ! #af? ,m>* #aejh1 he 0 to receive ! consid]able sum ( #cbe guld52 b1 z he 0 evid5tly /ill 9 debt1 ! :ole ( ! money 0 n paid directly to him1 b 0 h&$ ov] to v>i\s cr$itors2 ?us #gd guld5 0 paid to "o ,?omas ,freiham]4 ,on ! same occasion ,holbe9's wife receiv$ a pres5t ( #e guld5 f ! *ur* au?orities1 & 8 son1 no d\bt ,ambrosius1 "o guld54#be ,! eld] ,holbe91 inde$1 0 (t5 9 monet>y difficulties1 m p>ticul>ly t[>ds ! end ( 8 life4 ,f "t to "t he 0 su$ = small sums by impati5t cr$itors4 ,9 #aejc he w5t to law ) a neighb\r1 ,paulson ,mair1 & on ! #aj? ,may #aeae he 0 su$ by 8 but*]1 ,ludwig ,smid1 = "o guld54 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> he 0 twice 9 ! c\rts1 ! second "t at ! suit ( "o ,jrg ,lott] = ! small am\nt ( #cb kreuz]s4 ,on ! #ab? ,janu>y #aeag 8 own bro!r1 ,sigmund1 0 oblig$ to take proce$+s aga9/ him = a debt ( #cd flor9s1 money advanc$ to enable ,holbe9 to move 8 pa9t+ mat]ials to 8,eyszn50--t is1 ,is5heim 9 ,alsace--to :i* place he w5t t[>ds ! end ( #aeaf = ! purpose ( pa9t+ an alt>-piece = ! mona/]y ( ,/4 ,an?ony4 ,once aga91 9 #aeba1 a c]ta9 ,hans ,kml9 su$ him be=e ! ju/ices = two sums ( #dj kreuz]s1 & #b flor9s #dj kreuz]s4 ,?us1 9 spite ( num]\s commissions1 :i*1 h[ev]1 7 n always well-paid ones1 he (t5 _h great difficulty 9 support+ 8 h\sehold 9 com=t4#bf ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,/4 ,,seba/ian0 ,,alt>-,,piece ,! scope ( ?is book does n p]mit a detail$ description1 or ev5 a b>e li/1 ( 8 num]\s works4 ,two only ( 8 lat]1 & probably 8 f9e/1 pa9t+s mu/ be allud$ to briefly--! 8,m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,seba/ian10 9 ! ,muni* ,gall]y 7,nos4 #bji-baa71 pa9t$ %ortly be=e 8 dep>ture f ,augsburg to ,is5heim1 & ! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life10 9 ,lisbon1 bo? ( :i* 7 at "o "t ascrib$ to 8 y\ng] son4#bg ,! 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece1#bh :i* 9 e>li] days 0 rightly reg>d$ z a "w ( ! eld] ,holbe91 is ?\ght to h be5 "o ( sev]al commissions giv5 to him by ! nuns ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e 9 ,augsburg4 ,! entry 9 ! ar*ives :i* is suppos$ to ref] to x m]ely /ates t 8,si/] ,magdal5a ,imh(f has giv5 #c guld5 to ! new ,seba/ian1 = ! ,holy ,cross on ! alt>1 & ! lay si/]s #b flor9s4 ,?is is ! co/ ( ! said picture40 ,nei!r ! "n ( ! arti/ :o 0 employ$ ^u x nor ! date ( ! ord] is giv51 & f ! word+ ( ! entry1 & ! v small price paid1 x seems evid5t t x _c ref] to s important a pa9t+ z ! 8,/4 ,seba/ian40 ,dr4 ,woltmann 0 probably "r 9 sugge/+ t :at 0 ord]$ 0 m]ely a pa9t$ wood5 figure ( ! sa9t1 :i* 0 to be add$ to a c>v$ gr\p ( ! ,crucifixion on ! alt> ( ! *ur*4#bi ,! picture 0 fir/ attribut$ to ! y\ng] ,holbe9 by ,passavant & ,dr4 ,waag51 :o 7 misl$ by ! =g$ extracts f ! ,/4 ,ca!r9e annals1 9 :i* ! passage quot$ above 0 consid]ably amplifi$1 ! 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 be+ def9itely describ$ z a picture 8by ! skilful pa9t] ,holbe910 ) ! additional in=mation t x 0 ord]$ 9 #aeae1 & plac$ 9 ! *ur* 9 #aeag1 aft] its rebuild+1 & t ,magdal5a ,imh(f paid #aj guld5 t[>ds x1 & ! o!r lay si/]s #b guld5 ea*4 ,z a result ( ?is falsification1 ! au?or%ip ( ! picture 0 tak5 f ! fa!r & giv5 to ! son1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 x 0 reg>d$ = a numb] ( ye>s z an extraord9>y manife/ation ( y\?ful g5ius4 ,ev5 :5 ! =g]y 0 discov]$1 su* critics z ,dr4 ,woltmann & ,mr4 ,wornum cont9u$1 f consid]ations ( /yle1 to uphold ! picture z an e>ly ,augsburg "w ( ! y\ng] ,holbe94 ,! inn] & out] panels ( ! w+s1 9 p>ticul>1 7 consid]$ to af=d und\bt$ pro(1 by _! high arti/ic m]it & _! me?od ( h&l+1 t !y 7 f ! bru% ( ! son2 & "s mod]n critics /ill ma9ta9 t1 if n entirely 8 "w1 !y 7 nev]!less c>ri$ out by him "u 8 fa!r's sup]vision1 al?\gh !y %[ a mu* m f9i%$ & mature /yle ?an is to be f\nd 9 ! fir/ sacr$ pa9t+s he produc$ 9 8 e>ly ,basel days4 ,pr(essor ,k>l ,voll ( ,muni* holds t no "o b ! y\ng] ,hans c\ld h pa9t$ ! lovely figures ( ,/4 ,elizabe? & ,/4 ,b>b>a4 ,dr4 ,glas]1 on ! o!r h&1 is ( op9ion t ! :ole alt>-piece is ! "w ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]4 ,! picture is undat$1 ?\gh ,passavant /ates t x is inscrib$ 8#aeaf40 ,accord+ to ,fr/]1 9 #ahdj ! old frame bore ! inscription 8#aeaf1 ,h4 ,holba940 ,dr4 ,woltmann plac$ x 9 ! ye> #aeae1 b at t date ! y\ng] ,hans _h already left ,augsburg = ,basel4 ,f consid]ations ( /yle1 h[ev]1 & ! /rong ,r5aissance influ5ce x displays1 x is n[ g5]ally consid]$ to h be5 execut$ by ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld] 9 or ab\t #aeaf1 prior to 8 dep>ture f ,augsburg to ,is5heim4 ,judg$ by 8 au!ntic works ( ?is date 9 ,basel1 x is difficult to all[ t ! y\ng] ,holbe9 _h any s]i\s "p 9 ! pa9t+ ( ?is alt>-piece1 ?\gh he may h work$ on "s ( ! details "u 8 fa!r's direction4 ,:e!r orig9ally pa9t$ to ! ord] ( ! nuns ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e or n1 ! picture is said to h be5 f\nd 9 _! possession on ! abolition ( ! conv5t4 ,x 0 acquir$ 9 #ahji f ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,sauveur 9 ,augsburg4 ,! c5tral panel 7,pl4 #b7 %[s ! nude figure ( ! sa9t1 transfix$ ) arr[s1 8 "r arm fa/5$ by a *a9 above 8 head to a fig-tree4 ,f\r ar*]s at v close qu>t]s are %oot+ at him1 ! "o kneel+ 9 ! left =egr\nd1 9 ! act ( b5d+ 8 b[1 be+ dress$ 9 a /rip$ co/ume ( blue & :ite1 ! col\rs ( ,bav>ia1 ! h]$it>y enemy ( ,augsburg4 ,beh9d !m /& spectators 9 ri* co/umes1 two on ei!r side1 ! =emo/ "o on ! "r be+ ! (fic] ( ! ,emp]or ,diocletian1 :o is direct+ ! execution4 ,9 ! backgr\nd is a riv]1 on ! f> side ( :i* rise ! t[]s & build+s ( a city1 ) ! ,alps beyond4 ,! out] panels ( ! %utt]s are pa9t$ ) ! 8,annunciation to ! ,virg910 & ! inn] ones ) ! figures ( ,/4 ,b>b>a & ,/4 ,elizabe? 7,pl4 #c74 ,/4 ,b>b>a1 :o is attir$ 9 a purple mantle1 a blue dress embroid]$ ) gold1 & wide :ite puff$ sleeves1 holds a cup ) ! ,ho/ hov]+ ov] x4 ,/4 ,elizabe? has also a purple mantle1 & a dress edg$ ) fur4 ,) h] left h& %e ga!rs up h] cloak1 9 :i* %e is c>ry+ bread = ! poor1 & ) ! o!r p\rs w9e f a tank>d into a %all[ b[l held by "o ( ! two begg>s cr\*+ at h] feet4 ,^! two suppliants1 bo? ( :om are afflict$ ) leprosy1 h be5 pa9t$ ) extreme & ev5 repulsive realism4 ,beh9d ! lep] on ! "r appe>s ! head ( ! pa9t] himself1 kneel+ 9 adoration4 ,! backgr\nd 9 bo? ^! panels is simil> 9 "* to ! c5tral "o1 t beh9d ,/4 ,elizabe? repres5t+1 s x is said1 a view ( ! ,w>tburg1 ne> ,eis5a*2 :ile above & bel[ are deep b&s ( ri* ,r5aissance ornam5tation1 ( ! type ( design :i* ! y\ng] ,holbe9 aft]w>ds c>ri$ to s high a degree ( excell5ce4 ,! :ole "w1 ?\gh /ill reta9+ _m indications ( ! e>li] influ5ces :i* m\ld$ ! eld] ,holbe9's art1 is /rongly imbu$ ) ! new] conception ( pa9t+ receiv$ f ,italy4 ,! draw+ ( ! nude displays great] k ?an 9 ! 8,/4 ,paul0 alt>-piece1 ! col\r is f9]1 & ! figures ( ! two sa9ts on ! %utt]s possess mu* grace & beauty4 ,!re are sev]al silv]-po9t /udies = ! picture 9 ! ,cop5hag5 ,museum1 :ile ! /udy = ! head ( ,holbe9 himself is1 z already po9t$ out1 at ,*antilly4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,m>tyrdom ,,( ,,/4 ,,seba/ian ,c5tral ,panel ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,alte ,,p9ako!k1 ,,muni* ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/4 ,,b>b>a ,,/4 ,,elizabe? ,inn] sides ( ! w+s ( ! ,/4 ,seba/ian ,alt>-piece ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,alte ,,p9ako!k1 ,,muni* ,sid5ote3 8,,! ,,f\nta9 ,,( ,,life0 ,x is 9 ! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life0 7,pl4 #d71cj pa9t$ 9 #aeai1ca t ! /ronge/ pro(s ( ! eld] ,holbe9's f9al surr5d] to ! influ5ces ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance are to be discov]$4 ,?is picture1 l m ?an "o o!r ( 8 works1 0 =m]ly ascrib$ to ! son4 ,no?+ is kn[n ( its e>li] hi/ory1 b x is said#cb to h be5 tak5 f ,engl& to ,portugal by ,ca!r9e ( ,braganza1 daught] ( ,john ,,iv ( ,portugal1 & wife ( ,*>les ,,ii1 :5 %e return$ home a wid[ aft] ! k+'s dea? 9 #afhe1 & t x 0 pres5t$ by h] to ! *apel ( ! ca/le ( ,bempo/a1 :]e x rema9$ until remov$ to ! royal palace 9 ,lisbon =ty or fifty ye>s ago4 ,x ?us appe>s to h belong$ to ! royal collections ( ,engl& 9 ,*>les ,,ii's "t1 b no traces ( x are to be f\nd 9 any inv5tory4 ,if ! picture ev] 0 9 ?is c\ntry1 x c h be5 only = a %ort "t1 = ab\t ! ye> #afbh x 0 9 ! collection ( ! ,elector ,maximilian ,i ( ,bav>ia1 & is v c>efully describ$ 9 a manuscript catalogue ( 8 pictures ( t date1 ) ! measurem5ts1 ! date1 & ! "n ( ! arti/--8von ,hanns ,holpa9 ao #aeai gemalt40#cc ,x is sign$ 8,,iohannes ,,holbe9 ,,fecit #aeai10 b f its pres5t condition ?is signature seems to h be5 pa9t$ ov] an old] "o4 ,att5tion 0 fir/ call$ to ! picture by ,pietro ,gu>i5ti1 keep] ( ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 :o 0 9 ,portugal f #agcc to #agcf4 ,he read ! "n z 8,holte910 & consid]$ x to be ! "w ( "o ( ,holbe9's pupils4 ,?is w\ld indicate t ! signature 0 !n becom+ illegible1 & t x 0 r5ovat$ "s "t aft] ,gu>i5ti saw x4 ,on ! inn] edge ( ! circul> f\nta9 9 ! =egr\nd !re is also an inscription1 8,,pvtevs ,,aqv>vm ,,viv5tivm10 :i* has also be5 ret\*$ by "s clumsy h&1 = ! old] writ+1 :ite on a br[n gr\nd1 c /ill be se5 b5ea? x4 ,! backgr\nd1 :i* occupies ! upp] half ( ! picture1 is fill$ ) a build+ or op5 loggia ( v elaborate ar*itecture 9 ! /yle ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 ) pill>s ( v>i-col\r$ m>bles1 & capitals & friezes ri*ly c>v$ & decorat$4 ,9 ! c5tral =egr\nd1 on ! /eps :i* asc5d to ?is build+1 ! ,virg9 appe>s1 en?ron$4 ,! ,infant ,*ri/ sits a/ride h] "r arm1 firmly clasp$ aga9/ h] brea/4 ,! ,virg9 appe>s to h be5 pa9t$ f ! same model z ! ,virg9 on ! out] %utt]s ( ! 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece4 ,! ,f\nta9 ( ,life drips f a m>ble ,cupid's mask on ! /ep bel[ h] feet into a small circul> bas91 on ! edge ( :i* is plac$ a tall vase ) a spray ( :ite lilies4 ,beh9d h] c>v$ *air /& ,/4 ,joseph & ,/4 ,anne1 & on ei!r side ( h] are gr\ps ( ?ree sa9ts1 ! two =emo/ ones be+ seat$1 ) ! folds ( _! dresses spread ov] ! fl[]-/rewn grass4 ,on ! "r is ,/4 ,doro?y1 9 a ri*ly-brocad$ co/ume1 & beh9d h] kneels ,/4 ,ca!r9e ( ,alex&ria ) h] "r h& /ret*$ t[>ds ! ,infant ,*ri/1 z a sign ( _! betro?al4 ,on ! left ,/4 ,m>g>et is seat$1 ) a book & a long cross1 & a dragon at h] feet1 & beh9d h] ,/4 ,b>b>a is kneel+1 hold+ ! cup ) ! ,ho/4 ,two o!r sa9ts complete ! ne> gr\ps1 & 9 ! backgr\nd a numb] ( o!r sa9ts are plac$ on ei!r side4 ,"o ( ! figures is n unlike ! s-call$ wife ( ,holbe9 9 ! 8,/4 ,paul0 alt>-piece4 ,/ill f>!r (f1 beyond ! rails ( ! portico or temple1 are ?ree gr\ps ( s++ & play+ angels ) v>i-col\r$ w+s4 ,9 ! di/ance is an elaborate l&scape1 ) a tall palm-tree1 classical ru9s1 & a view ( sea & m\nta9s4 ,b&s ( d>k cl\d /ret* across ! sky1 & ! ev5+ light /ill l+]s ov] ! wat]s1 produc+ a peaceful & r sombre effect4 ,! composition is ! mo/ consid]able to be f\nd 9 any ( ! eld] ,holbe9's works1 & is well gr\p$ & arrang$4 ,! influ5ce ( ,m>t9 ,s*ongau] c be v cle>ly trac$ 9 x1 & ! unusual position 9 :i* ! ,virg9 is hold+ ! ,*ild is directly d]iv$ f ,s*ongau]'s beautiful 8,madonna 9 ! ,rose ,g>d510 :i* ,holbe9 mu/ h /udi$ 9 ! neighb\r+ city ( ,colm>4#cd ,!re 7 also alt>-panels by ,s*ongau] 9 ! ,is5heim ,mona/]y itself1 :]e ,holbe9 appe>s to h be5 work+ :5 he pa9t$ ! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life40 ,9 addition to ?is direct influ5ce1 o!rs1 bo? ,flemi% & ,italian1 are to be trac$ 9 x1 b well fus$1 s t ! :ole composition is un=c$ & natural1 & conta9s passages ( mu* beauty4 ,!re is delicacy & w>m? 9 ! fle% t9ts1 & ! s9c]ity ( feel+ :i* p]vades all ! pr9cipal figures is "o ( its *ief *>ms4 ,! ri* ar*itecture ( ! backgr\nd %[s good und]/&+ & appreciation ( ! ,italian models ^u :i* x is bas$1 & 9 all ways ! picture indicates t :5 ! eld] ,holbe9 put =? 8 greate/ p[]s he 0 wor?y ( be+ rank$ among ! be/ ,g]man pa9t]s ( ! e>ly sixte5? c5tury4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,f\nta9 ,,( ,,life ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,national ,,museum ,,( ,,anci5t ,,art1 ,,lisbon ,al?\gh he does n appe> to h _h _m opportunities ( ex]cis+ 8 skill z a portrait-pa9t]1 8 v num]\s /udies 9 ?is bran* ( art %[ abilities ( a v high ord]1 & possess _m ( ! qualities1 ?\gh 9 a less] degree1 :i* 8 son aft]w>ds develop$ to s high a pit* ( p]fection4 ,inde$1 9 ^! portrait-/udies ( m5 8 art atta9s its greate/ /r5g? & f9e/ accompli%m5t4 ,sixty-n9e ( 8 draw+s ( heads are pres]v$ 9 ! ,imh(f ,collection 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum4 ,!y are on ! leaves ( sket*-books1 & 7 made betwe5 #aeji & #aeaf1 9 silv]-po9t & p5cil1 "s ( !m /r5g!n$ ) :ite & ) r$ *alk4 ,a small] numb] ( heads f ! same s]ies are 9 ! ,cop5hag5 ,museum1 & at ,basel & ,bamb]g1 :ile isolat$ examples are to be f\nd 9 ! pr9t rooms ( m ?an "o ,european museum4 ,"s ( ! ,basel draw+s 7 made be=e #aejh1 & 9 ! collection ( ,m4 ,lon ,bonnat1 :i* conta9s sev]al f9e silv]-po9ts by ! eld] ,hans1 !re is "o ( ! ,augsburg goldsmi?1 ,jrig ,seld1 dat$ #adig4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,eld] ,,holbe9',s ,,/udies ,^! draw+s1 :i* at "o "t 7 all ascrib$ to 8 son1 & are s attribut$ 9 ! fir/ edition ( ,dr4 ,woltmann's book1 repres5t citiz5s ( ,augsburg 9 all classes ( life1 _m ( !m1 no d\bt1 p]sonal fri5ds ( ! pa9t]1 :o1 9 a numb] ( cases1 has writt5 _! names on ! sket*es4 ,!re is no evid5ce to %[ t ! majority ( !m 7 prelim9>y /udies = portraits = :i* he _h receiv$ commissions2 !y 7 done p>tly = 8 own amusem5t & practice1 & p>tly to s]ve z models = figures 9 8 sacr$ pa9t+s4 ,!y =m1 nev]!less1 a v valuable record ( ! ,augsburg life ( 8 day1 & s may be comp>$1 9 ! wid5ess ( _! range at lea/1 ) ! m brilliant s]ies ( draw+s by 8 son4 ,9 num]\s in/ances ! same sitt] has be5 drawn two or ?ree times2 ( ,johannes ,s*rott#ce & ,hans ,grie%]1#cf monks ( ,/4 ,ulri*1 !re are no less ?an sev5 & six respectively4 ,among !m !re are portraits ( ! ,emp]or ,maximilian1#cg on horseback1 9 helmet1 & ) sword1 & ( 8 gr&son1 aft]w>ds ,*>les ,v1#ch ) a falcon on 8 wri/1 inscrib$ 8h]zog k>l vo burgundy40 ,z ,*>les became ,duke ( ,burgundy 9 #aeae1 & ,k+ ( ,ca/ile 9 #aeaf1 ! draw+ mu/ h be5 made 9 ! =m] ye>4 ,!re are sev]al portraits ( memb]s ( ! great ,fugg] family1 among !m ,jacob ,fugg]1#ci ! head ( ! clan2 8 nephews1 ,raimund#dj & ,anton#da2 8 c\s91 ,ulri* ,fugg] ! ,y\ng]1#db & 8 wife1 ,v]onica ,gassn]#dc2 & sev]al m4 ,o!r lead+ ,augsburg families are repres5t$ 9 heads ( ,gumpre*t ,raun]1#dd ,hans ,nell1#de ,hans ,pfleg]1#df & ,hans ,h]l9s1#dg & memb]s ( ! c\rt circle by su* m5 z ,kunz von d] ,ros51#dh ! ,emp]or ,maximilian's lifelong fri5d & advis]4 ,includ$ among ^! draw+s are repres5tations ( m ?an "o ( ,holbe9's fell[-work]s 9 art1 su* z ,hans ,s*w>tz#di ! wood-c>v]1 & ,burkh>t ,engelb]g1#ej /one-c>v] & ar*itect4 ,repres5tatives ( m l[ly pursuits are ,gumpret ,s*w>tz1#ea s*oolma/]1 & "o ,grn1#eb a tailor1 & c]ta9 8m]ry fell[s0 ( ! artisan class4 ,! heads ( ladies are n v num]\s1 b "o ( !m1 ! wife ( ! ,guildma/] ,s*w>tz5/e9]1#ec a typical example ( ! 8good wife0 ( ,augsburg1 has be5 drawn no less ?an ?ree times4 ,a less reputable p]sonage among !m is ,anna1 kn[n z 8! ,lom5tl910#ed :o 0 twice expell$ f ! t[n = s]i\s misconduct1 & return$ 9 ! end app>5tly rep5tant1 aft]w>ds pos+ z a sa9t1 & pr(ess+ to be able to live )\t meat or dr9k4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important gr\ps 9 ?is s]ies ( draw+s repres5ts ! monks ( ,/4 ,ulri*1 ,augsburg's fam\s mona/]y--,he9ri* ,grn1#ee ,leonh>d ,wagn]1#ef ,conrad ,m]l91#eg ,johannes ,s*rott1 ,hans ,grie%]1 & o!rs4 ,f9ally1 !re are a few /udies ( heads ( memb]s ( ! arti/'s family1 includ+ 8 own lik5ess1 t ( 8 bro!r ,sigmund1#eh & ! d\ble portraits ( 8 two sons1 :i* h be5 already m5tion$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,lady ,,( ,,augsburg ,!re is a small f9i%$ portrait ( a lady ( ,augsburg1 ^: ,*ri/ian "n only1 ,m>ia1 is kn[n1 9 ! collection ( ,sir ,fr$]ick ,cook1 at ,ri*mond1 :i* is ! sole example ( portraiture by ! eld] ,holbe9 9 ,engl&2 &1 inde$1 ) ! exception ( ! portrait ( a man1 dat$ #aeac1 9 ! ,lanckoronski ,collection 9 ,vi5na1#ei :i* is also attribut$ to him1 x is v possibly ! only specim5 ( su* "w by him 9 exi/5ce4 ,?is portrait is ( p>ticul> int]e/1 because x conflicts ) ! /atem5t ( ,dr4 ,glas]1 t he nev] pa9t$ an indep5d5t portrait4#fj ,x 0 =m]ly attribut$ to ! y\ng] ,holbe91 b mo/ critics fail$ to see 8 h& 9 x2 &1 :5 exhibit$ at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 9 #aijf1 x 0 describ$ z ( ! ,s\? ,g]man ,s*ool1 ) a note record+ t ! names ( ,s*affn] & ,ambrosius ,holbe9 _h be5 t5tatively sugge/$ 9 connection ) x4 ,dr4 ,fri$lnd]1 h[ev]1 consid]$ x to be a "w ( ! y\ng] ,holbe9 9 8 e>ly ,basel p]iod4 ,9 #aijh ,dr4 ,c>l ,giehl[ sugge/$ t ! old] pa9t] 0 its real au?or1 & drew att5tion = ! fir/ "t to ! fact t a f9e /udy = x exi/s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum 7,pl4 #e72 & fur!r evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ?is attribution has be5 br\ght =w>d by ,mr4 ,campbell ,dodgson4#fa ,! picture is on panel1 #ac by #aj in*es4 ,! sitt] we>s a :ite cap ) embroid]$ m>g9 ( fleur-de-lis patt]n4 ,h] yell[ bodice1 trimm$ at ! edges ) a broad b& ( black velvet1 op5s 9 front to %[ a :ite "u-g>m5t patt]n$ 9 black & gold4 ,! girdle is /udd$ ) gold ornam5ts4 ,! h&s are hidd51 be+ pu%$ )9 ! sleeves1 z ?\gh = w>m?4 ,! backgr\nd is pla9 blue1 & on ! back ( ! panel is pa9t$ 8,m>ia0 9 an abbreviat$ =m1 evid5tly ! sitt]'s ,*ri/ian "n4 ,on ! front ( ! old orig9al frame is inscrib$3 8,,also4,,04,,i*4,,vir4,,w>4,,94,,dem4 #cd4 ,,i>40 7,s 0 ,i 9 tru? 9 my ?irty-f\r? ye>47 ,! silv]-po9t draw+ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum is1 says ,mr4 ,dodgson1 8a delicate piece ( "w1 9 p]fect pres]vation1 & s fre% & spontane\s t x mu/ be reg>d$ z a /udy f life1 prep>atory to ! picture1 & n z a copy f ! latt]4 ,x is significant t only ! ma9 outl9es ( ! co/ume are not$1 & t ornam5tal details1 :i* x w\ld h tak5 a long "t to draw1 are res]v$ = ! f9al execution ( ! portrait 9 oils2 no?+ ( ! k9d is ev5 sugge/$ except ! fleur-de-lis patt]n on ! cap4 ,all ! ess5tial outl9es ( ! figure itself1 on ! o!r h&1 are drawn ) a c>eful & expressive l9e1 :i* notes ! folds ( ! fle% b5ea? ! *9 m accurately ?an ! creases ( ! sleeve at ! elb[40 ,?is draw+1 l ! portrait itself1 is nei!r sign$ nor dat$1 s t x may be sugge/$1 by ^? :o see 9 ! f9i%$ "w ! h& ( ! y\ng] ,holbe91 t ! draw+ also is ! "w ( ! son4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a second draw+ ( ! same lady 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum1#fb "o ( ! s]ies ( ! eld] ,holbe9's /udies1 9 :i* %e is repres5t$ 9 almo/ ! same position1 & we>+ ! same dress1 ?\gh app>5tly sev]al ye>s old]4#fc ,x does n seem to be a repetition ( ! e>li] draw+1 b a fre% portrait f life made aft] a consid]able int]val4 ,! ,b]l9 draw+ is und\bt$ly ! "w ( ! eld] pa9t]1 :ile ! "o 9 ! ,briti% ,museum is clos] to 8 /yle ?an to t ( 8 son at ! p]iod 9 "q1 :5 ! latt] 0 /ill 9 8 te5s1 z %[n 9 su* e>ly ,basel draw+s z ! /udies ( ,mey] & 8 wife4 ,! new attribution1 !re=e1 appe>s to be ! correct "o1 ! evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ! eld] ,holbe9 be+1 if n conclusive1 at lea/ v /rong4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,lady ,,( ,,augsburg ,silv]-po9t draw+ ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,briti% ,,museum ,little is kn[n ( ! la/ eight ye>s ( 8 life4 ,! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life0 is ! only picture pa9t$ by him dur+ t p]iod :i* has surviv$4#fd ,x is suppos$ t he nev] return$ to ,augsburg1 b di$ 9 ,is5heim2 b t he sp5t ! :ole p]iod !re seems unlikely4 ,is5heim is close to ,basel1 & x is n impossible t 8 la/ days 7 pass$ "u ! ro( ( 8 son ,hans 9 ! latt] city4 ,a lett]1 dat$ #d? ,july #aebf1 & address$ to ! ,vic> ( ! ,ord] ( ,/4 ,an?ony 9 ,is5heim by ! burgoma/] ( ,basel1 ,he9ri* ,melt+]1 be>s out ?is supposition4#fe ,x 0 writt5 on behalf ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng]1 & by means ( x he made a f9al attempt to obta9 possession (1 or comp5sation =1 8 fa!r's pa9t+ mat]ials1 :i* ! latt] _h left beh9d him1 or :i* _h be5 deta9$ = "s purpose by ! mona/]y au?orities4 ,f ?is lett] x appe>s1 also1 t ! son _h made m ?an "o previ\s attempt1 dur+ 8 fa!r's lifetime1 & at ! eld] pa9t]'s reque/1 to get ! goods return$2 f :i* x is to be inf]r$ t = "s consid]able "t prior to 8 dea? ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld] _h left ,is5heim4 ,9 #aeba1 z already po9t$ out1 he 0 su$ by ,hans ,kml9 = a small debt1 b ?is does n necess>ily indicate t ! pa9t] himself 0 9 ,augsburg at ! "t4 ,8 dea? took place 9 #aebd1 z is prov$ by an entry 9 ! ,h&w]ksbu* ( ! ,augsburg ,pa9t]s' ,guild ( t ye>1 9 :i* 8,hannss ,holba9 mall]0 is not$ z deceas$2 b ?is aga9 does n prove t 8 actual dea? occurr$ 9 t city4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,y\?ful ,,days ,,9 ,,augsburg ,bir? ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng]--,=g]ies ( dates on e>ly pictures attribut$ to him--,v>i\s portraits be>+ on ! "q ( ! ye> ( 8 bir?--,8 e>ly life 9 ,augsburg--,! family h\se on ! ,vord]] ,le*--,e>ly tra9+ 9 8 fa!r's /udio--,hans ,burgkmair--,augsburg & ! decorative arts4 ,,no absolutely conclusive pro( has yet be5 discov]$ ( ! exact date ( ! bir? ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,y\ng]4 ,= ye>s ! "q 0 complicat$ by m ?an "o =g]y ( dates & signatures on c]ta9 pictures 9 ,augsburg1 & by spuri\s amplifications made 9 ! mod]n copies tak5 f c]ta9 entries 9 ! annals ( ! conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e4 ,ow+ to ^! =g]ies1 ,dr4 ,woltmann1 9 ! fir/ edition ( 8 book1#ff advanc$ ! op9ion t ,holbe9 0 born 9 #adie2 b be=e ! publication ( ! fir/ volume ( ! second edition ( 8 "w1 9 #ahgd1 ^! inscriptions & entries _h be5 prov$ to be falsifications1 & he !n alt]$ ! date to #adig1fg & ?is is n[ g5]ally accept$ z correct4 ,equal d\bt exi/$ at "o "t z to ! place ( 8 bir?4 ,among e>li] writ]s1 ,c>el van ,m&] 7#afjd7 & ,pat9 7#afgf7 /at$ t he 0 born 9 ,basel1 :ile ,mat?is ,quad gave 8 bir?place z ,grn/adt 9 ! ,palat9ate4 ,s&r>t 7#afge7 0 ! fir/ biograph] to "n ,augsburg1 :i* mod]n rese>* has %[n to be correct4 ,! =g]ies1 no d\bt1 7 ! result ( ! discov]y t ,holbe9 0 n a ,swiss1 z _h be5 usually suppos$1 & 7 int5d$ to supply conv9c+ evid5ce t he 0 ( ,g]man orig91 & a citiz5 ( ,augsburg1 & also to furni% pro( ( ! precocity ( 8 y\?ful g5ius4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,y\ng] ,,holbe9',s ,,bir? ,! *ief =g]y 0 an inscription on a picture 9 ! ,augsburg ,gall]y 7,nos4 #gd-gg71 dat$ #aeab1 :i* until #ahde _h always be5 rightly reg>d$ z ! "w ( ! eld] ,holbe94 ,?is picture is "o ( ! f\r panels :i* orig9ally =m$ ! inn] & out] sides ( ! two %utt]s ( an alt>-piece or %r9e pa9t$ = ! conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e4#fh ,! two inn] panels repres5t ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e#fi & ! ,leg5d ( ,/4 ,ulri*1 ! patron sa9t ( ,augsburg2 ! out] ones ! ,crucifixion ( ,/4 ,pet]1 & ! ,virg9 & ,/4 ,anne tea*+ ! ,infant ,*ri/ to walk4 ,on ! panel repres5t+ ,/4 ,ca!r9e ! date #aeab occurs on a votive tablet conta9+ a ,lat9 pray] to ! sa9t1 :ile on ! old orig9al frame ! "n ( ! pa9t]1 8,hans ,holba910 ! two la/ lett]s ( ! surname n[ defac$1 /&s 9 gold lett]s4#gj ,x 0 ^u ! panel repres5t+ ! ,virg9 & ,/4 ,anne ) ! ,infant ,*ri/#ga t ! false inscription 0 plac$4 ,9 ?is picture ,m>y & h] ,"m are seat$1 ea* hold+ a h& ( ! y\?ful ,savi\r1 :o /&s betwe5 !m on ! b5* mak+ 8 fir/ attempts to walk4 ,?ree small angels hold up a curta9 beh9d !m1 & at ! top ( ! panel is a b& ( ri* ,r5aissance ornam5tation1 ) two cupids bl[+ horns4#gb ,/4 ,anne holds an op5 book on h] lap ) h] left h&2 & :51 9 #ahed1 ! panel 0 sep>at$ f its obv]se side & clean$ & re/or$1 a ,lat9 inscription ^u ?is book came to light1 p>ts ( :i* 7 hidd5 by ! h& ( ! sa9t4 ,?is inscription /at$ t ! picture _h be5 pa9t$ 8by ord] ( ! v5]able & mo/ pi\s "m ,v]onica ,wels]--,hans ,holba91 ( ,augsburg1 at ! age ( #ag40gc ,be=e ?is ,dr4 ,waag5#gd & sev]al o!r critics _h attribut$ ?is alt>-piece to ! y\ng] ,holbe9 because ( suppos$ diff]5ces 9 /yle betwe5 x & ! great] numb] ( ! au!nticat$ works by ! fa!r4 ,! newly-discov]$ inscription1 :i* 0 accept$ z g5u9e by ,dr4 ,woltmann & mo/ ,g]man writ]s1 0 consid]$ to af=d f9al pro( ( ! tru? ( ,waag5's cont5tion1 ?\gh a few1 among !m ,h]man ,grimm1 refus$ to cr$it x4 ,x 0 n until aft] ! dea? ( ,a4 ,eign]1 ! keep] ( ! ,augsburg ,gall]y1 & ! orig9ator ( ! falsification1 9 ,novemb] #ahgj1 t x 0 possible to apply a practical te/ to x1 ) ! result t x prov$ to be a mod]n =g]y4 ,^u ! application ( turp5t9e ! :ole ( ! inscription disappe>$1 & traces ( a mu* e>li] & badly-defac$ "o 7 f\nd b5ea? x4 ,! discov]y ( its fictiti\s nature l$ to fur!r inve/igation1 & ! f9al ab&onm5t ( ! date #adie z ! ye> ( ! pa9t]'s bir?1 :ile ! picture is n[ rightly re/or$ to ! old] arti/ :o pa9t$ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,y\ng] ,,holbe9',s ,,bir? ,f> m reliable pro( z to ! correct date ( ,holbe9's bir? is af=d$ by ! f9e silv]-po9t draw+ by ! eld] pa9t]1 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum1 ( ! heads ( 8 two sons 7,pl4 #f74ge ,betwe5 ! heads is writt5 8,holba910 & ov] t ( ! y\ng] boy on ! "r ! ^w 8,hanns10 ) ! age 8#ad0 above ! "n4 ,ov] ! head ( ! eld] boy on ! left ! %ort5$ "n 8,prosy0 is /ill legible4 ,probably ! fir/ syllable1 8,am10 has become oblit]at$ 9 c\rse ( "t1 or x may be t ! fa!r m]ely set d[n 8 nickname1 8,prosy40#gf ,! age ( ,ambrosius1 :i* mu/ also h be5 add$1 is n[ entirely effac$4 ,at ! top ( ! %eet is plac$ ! date1 :i* to-day is b>ely legible4 ,dr4 ,woltmann read x z 8#aeaa10 :i* w\ld give ! bir?-ye> ( ,hans z #adig1 & ?is read+ is n[ g5]ally accept$4 ,! same writ] imag9$ t he c\ld trace ! figure 8#e0 above ! head ( ,ambrosius1 :i* w\ld make 8 age fifte51 & ?us "o ye> old] ?an 8 bro!r4 ,9 ! draw+ itself1 h[ev]1 he appe>s to be at lea/ two or ?ree ye>s ! s5ior4 ,dr4 ,willy ,hes1 9 8 rec5tly-publi%$ book on ,ambrosius ,holbe91 /ates t ?is n[ almo/ oblit]at$ age-figure is 8#ag10 & ?is is probably correct4#gg ,bo? heads are full ( "*4 ,! y\ng] boy1 ) r\nd face1 & /raight hair fall+ on 8 =ehead & cov]+ 8 e>s1 ?\gh n a *ild ( mu* p]sonal beauty1 has a pleasant1 ?\ghtful expression4 ,! =ehead is a f9e "o1 project+ ov] ! eyes1 & %[+1 accord+ to phr5ologi/s1 a /rongly-develop$ p[] ( imag9ation1 :ile ! m\? is l>ge & det]m9$4 ,ambrosius has m mobile features1 & a mass ( curl+ hair4 ,?is draw+1 :i* at "o "t 0 attribut$ to ! y\ng] ,hans1 is "o ( ! mo/ ma/]ly 9 ! ,b]l9 s]ies1 & %[s h[ l>gely ! son's great gift ( lifelike portraiture 0 inh]it$ f 8 fa!r4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,y\ng] ,,holbe9',s ,,bir? ,dr4 ,hes also publi%es a second draw+ by ! eld] ,holbe9 f ! ,b]l9 collection1#gh :i*1 z he 0 ! fir/ to po9t out1 und\bt$ly repres5ts ! two boys at an e>li] age4 ,?is silv]-po9t draw+1 hi!rto kn[n m]ely z 8,portraits ( two ,*ildr510 & be>+ ! inscription 8,?omas9s ,sohn und ,to*t]0 9 a lat] h&1 repres5ts ! two boys 9 pr(ile1 fac+ "o ano!r4 ,x is n ( su* f9e quality z ! draw+ ( #aeaa1 b ! lik5ess to ,ambrosius & ,hans is unmi/akable4 ,9 ?is e>li] /udy ,dr4 ,hes consid]s ! age ( ! boys to be eight & five respectively4 ,! fur!r rese>*es ( ! same writ] h result$ 9 8 discov]y ( a ?ird lik5ess ( ! eld] son f 8 fa!r's p5cil1 a beautiful draw+ ( a curly-hair$ lad ) looks ca/ d[nw>ds4 ,x is among ! silv]-po9t draw+s ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld] 9 ! ,basel collection1#gi & seems to be connect$ ) two o!r works by ! ,augsburg ma/]1 bo? also at ,basel1 = :i*1 p]haps1 x may h s]v$ z a prelim9>y /udy4 ,"o is an ,indian-ink /udy = a 8,dea? ( ,m>y10 & ! o!r a l>ge oil-pa9t+ ( ! same subject 7,no4 #cja74 ,9 bo? ! features ( ! y\?ful ,/4 ,john1 :o b5ds ov] ! ,virg9 ) palm-bran* & long c&le 9 ei!r h&1 are evid5tly ^? ( ,ambrosius4 ,?is draw+#hj is dat$ #aejh on a slate hang+ at ! head ( ! b$1 s t ! 8,/4 ,john0 repres5ts ! boy at ! age ( ab\t f\rte54 ,a /ill m y\?ful figure1 ) long hair1 /&s beh9d ! wood5 head ( ! b$1 ) clasp$ h&s1 gaz+ d[n at ! ,virg94 ,x may be sugge/$1 ?\gh ,dr4 ,hes does n call att5tion to x1 t 9 ?is figure we h a ?ird lik5ess ( ! y\ng] ,hans4 ,! resemblance to ! heads 9 ! two draw+s is n z close z 9 ! case ( ,ambrosius1 b is suffici5tly s to p]mit ! conjecture t ! fa!r int5d$ to introduce bo? 8 boys into ! picture to be pa9t$ f ?is /udy4 ,! connection betwe5 ^! draw+s & ! picture at ,basel is n1 h[ev]1 v cle>4 ,9 ! oil-pa9t+#ha ,m>y is en?ron$1 ! arrangem5t is entirely diff]5t1 & _m m figures are introduc$2 b ! figure & face ( ! ,/4 ,john are ! same z 9 ! ,indian-ink draw+1 ?\gh se5 f ! opposite side4 ,accord+ to ! ,basel catalogue1 h[ev]1 ?is picture 0 pa9t$ 9 #aeja1 & x does n appe> v probable t ! pa9t] w\ld h us$ a boy ( sev5 z 8 model = ! ,sa9t4 ,beh9d ,/4 ,john appe>s ! curly head ( a "y man look+ d[n2 & "h aga91 ?\gh possibly only 9 ! imag9ation ( ! pres5t writ]1 !re is a fa9t resemblance to ,hans ! ,y\ng]4 ,b ?is _c be s if ! picture 0 pa9t$ 9 #aeja1 :5 ,hans 0 only f\r4 ,! same figure ( ,/4 ,john occurs also 9 ! 8,dea? ( ,m>y10#hb on "o ( ! panels ( ! ,kai%eim] alt>-piece at ,muni*4 ,we h ?us1 9 ^! draw+s1 toge!r ) ! 8,basilica ( ,/4 ,paul0 picture ( #aejd1 portraits ( ,ambrosius ,holbe9 at ! ages ( eight1 t51 f\rte51 & sev5te5 respectively1 & ( ,hans :5 five1 sev51 & f\rte51#hc & also1 if ! lik5ess 9 ! ,indian-ink draw+ ( #aejh be all[$1 at ! age ( elev5 z well4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #f4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ambrosius ,,& ,,hans ,,holbe9 #aeaa ,silv]-po9t draw+ ,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,! ,,eld] ,,royal ,,pr9t ,,room1 ,,b]l9 ,fur!r evid5ce z to 8 bir?-date is af=d$ by two engrav+s1 by ,vor/]man & ,holl> respectively1 & sev]al m9iatures ( ,holbe9 by himself1 "s ( ! latt] be+ only e>ly copies1 all ( :i* are dat$ #aedc1 & give ! age z =ty-five4 ,vor/]man's pr9t1 :i* is #d in*es 9 diamet]1 %[s no date on ! backgr\nd1 b r\nd ! outside is engrav$ 8,ioannes ,holb5ius ,pictor ,regis ,magn ,britanni ,sui ,cculi ,celeb]rimus ,anno #aedc tat3 #de40 ,holl>'s et*+ is also circul>4 ,!re is no lett]+ r\nd ! rim1 b across ! backgr\nd is inscrib$3 8,,hh4 4 #de--;,,ano #aedc40 ,bel[ is ! leg5d--8,v]a ,effigies ,johannis ,holbe9ii ,basili5sis ,pictoris et ,del9iatoris r>issimi4 ,ipse ,holbe9ius p9xit1 ,w5ceslaus ,holl> aqua =ti ri insculpsit4 ,ex ,collec3 ,arundel3 #afdg40hd ,! orig9al pa9t+s f :i* ^! two engrav+s 7 tak5 h n be5 discov]$1 b !y 71 no d\bt1 two small r\ndels 9 oils4#he ,9 ,c>el van ,m&]'s "t two su* portraits 7 9 exi/5ce4 ,he says1 :5 speak+ ( ,holbe9's works !n 9 ,am/]dam3 8,at ! h\se ( ,jacques ,razet1 ! f9e arts amateur1 ,i saw ,holbe9's portrait1 pa9t$ by himself v prettily & neatly1 9 m9iature1 ) a small m>g9 r\nd x2 & 9 ! possession ( ,b>?olomu ,f]r]is1 ,i saw a second1 ab\t ! size ( ! palm ( my h&1 excell5tly & neatly execut$ 9 fle% t9ts40#hf ,s&r>t1 :o 0 9 ,am/]dam betwe5 #afci & #afde1 gave to ! collector ,le ,blond a small r\nd portrait ( ,holbe91 & ?is is probably id5tical ) ! "o :i* ,van ,m&] saw 9 ! possession ( ,razet4 ,f ,le ,blond1 :o act$ z ag5t = ! ,e>l1 x may well h pass$ into ! ,arundel ,collection be=e #afdg1 9 :i* ye> ,holl> et*$ x4 ,vor/]man's engrav+ is n dat$1 b x is evid5tly tak5 f ! same or an almo/ simil> orig9al1 & ?is arti/ engrav$ o!r pictures 9 ! ,arundel collection4 ,accord+ to ,walpole1 ! picture 9 ! ,e>l's possession 0 dat$4 ,he says1 quot+ f "o ( ! pocket-books ( ,ri*>d ,symonds3--8,9 ! ,arundelian collection 0 a head ( ,holbe91 9 oil1 by himself1 mo/ sweet1 dat$ #aedc40hg ,! v>i\s m9iatures ( ! pa9t]1 ! great] numb] ( :i* are m]ely good & almo/ contempor>y copies1 describ$ 9 a lat] *apt]1#hh h all1 ) "o possible exception1 ! same date1 #aedc1 ^u !m1 &1 l ! engrav+s1 repres5t ! arti/ ) a be>d1 we>+ a black skull-cap1 &1 9 ^? :i* %[ ! h&s1 9 ! act ( pa9t+4 ,! exception is ! f9e m9iature 9 ! ,salt+ ,collection1 :i* is inscrib$ 8,,etatis ,,sv #ce10 b is )\t date4 ,x is almo/ c]ta91 h[ev]1 t ?is m9iature does n repres5t ! pa9t]4#hi ,sid5ote3 ,,holbe9',s ,,bir?place ,! fact t ! inscriptions on ^! v>i\s engrav+s & m9iatures agree z to ! date & ! age ( ! pa9t] does n necess>ily prove t su* date & age 7 plac$ by ! arti/ himself ^u ! orig9al pa9t+ on :i* mo/ ( !m are bas$2 b ! probability is t su* 0 ! case1 & t ,holbe91 !re=e1 0 =ty-five ye>s old 9 #aedc4 ,unless1 h[ev]1 m def9ite evid5ce is =?com+ 9 ! future1 ! "q mu/ rema9 undecid$1 ?\gh x is practically c]ta9 t 8 bir? took place ei!r 9 #adig or #adih4 ,no?+ is kn[n ( ,holbe9's e>ly life 9 ,augsburg1 :]e he sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 fir/ sev5te5 ye>s4 ,x is n v likely t 8 fa!r took 8 family ) him ^u 8 pa9t+ exp$itions to ,ulm1 ,frankfurt1 & else:]e1 al?\gh he became a burgh] ( ! fir/-nam$ place = a "t4 ,x 0 ! cu/om at t p]iod = a pa9t] to leave wife & *ildr5 at home :ile he visit$ o!r c5tres 9 se>* ( "w or to c>ry out commissions4 ,! h\se 9 :i* ! "y ,hans is suppos$ to h be5 born is /ill /&+ 9 ,augsburg1 & be>s a record+ tablet on its front4 ,x is 9 ! ,vord]] ,le*1 ,no4 #dif;,a1 "o ( ! quiet] /reets ( ! city to-day4 ,x is ?us describ$ by ,mr4 ,davies3 8,! ,vord]] ,le* obta9s its "n f ! fact t a n>r[ *annel ( ! ,le* runs cle> & gre5 d[n "o side ( ! /reet1 sep>at+ ! roadway f ! h\ses on ! nor? side4 ,access is ga9$ to ^! h\ses 9 mo/ in/ances by a wood5 bridge or gangway :i* leads ! visitor "u an ar*way 9 ! h\se itself4 ,! h\se ( ! ,holbe9s1 "o ( ^? little :itewa%$ build+s ) ! com=table r$-til$ ro(s :i* are s pl5tiful 9 ! city1 has no?+ to di/+ui% x beyond ! tablet a=esaid4 ,y pass "u ! ar*1 & f9d on ei!r side ! doors 7/ill reta9+ _! anci5t h+es7 & ! op5 /aircase :i* leads to ! sep>ate t5em5ts into :i* ! h\se is n[ divid$4 ,asc5d+ ! /aircase to ! "r1 "o f9ds ! little room :]e9 tradition has x t our ,hans ,holbe9 0 born1 ! little kit*5 ov] :i* 8 "m presid$1 & ! room :i* is traditionally reg>d$ z ! pa9t+ room ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! eld]4 ,x looks pleasantly out ov] enclos$ g>d5s & picturesque ro(s up t[>ds ! /ateli] build+s ( ! ,maximilian/rasse4 ,! h\se is n luxuri\s1 b may well h be5 a h\se ( no small com=t 9 ! days :5 ! ,holbe9s held x40#ij ,x is impossible to po9t to any "w ( ?is p]iod :i* c be accept$ )\t "q z f ! h& ( ! y\ng] ,holbe9 alone4 ,bo? he & 8 bro!r ,ambrosius receiv$ a v ?or\gh tra9+ 9 _! fa!r's work%op1 & = ! la/ few ye>s be=e _! dep>ture = ,basel !y mu/ h tak5 an active ?\gh m9or %>e 9 ! completion ( ! v>i\s commissions :i* fell to ! eld] pa9t]4 ,_m attempts h be5 made to sep>ate ! "w ( ! fa!r f t ( 8 sons 9 su* pictures z ! 8,/4 ,ca!r9e0 alt>-piece panels ( #aeab1 already describ$1 & ! m fam\s 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece 9 ,muni*2 b ! critics h nev] be5 able to come to any settl$ agreem5t z to ! p>ticul> p>ts ( ^! pictures1 if any1 :i* 7 ! actual "w ( ! y\ng] ,hans4 ,x is only possible to say ) "s c]ta9ty t he mu/ h be5 employ$ by 8 fa!r on ! less important portions ( 8 alt>-pieces1 & t su* "w w\ld be c>ri$ out "u ! p]sonal direction ( ! eld] pa9t]1 :o alone 0 responsible = ! g5]al design & composition1 & ! arrangem5t ( ! col\r-s*eme1 if n = ! actual pa9t+ ( ! figures & ! *ief passages ( ! pictures4 ,x is n possible to all[1 z "s writ]s h done1 t su* figures z ! ,/4 ,elizabe? & ,/4 ,b>b>a on ! %utt]s ( ! ,muni* 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece 7 conceiv$ & c>ri$ out by ! y\ng] ,holbe9 indep5d5tly ( 8 fa!r1 al?\gh he may h %>$ to "s small ext5t 9 ! actual pa9t+ ( ! panels4 ,!y display a m advanc$ te*nique1 & an art 9 all ways m matur$1 ?an is to be f\nd 9 ! e>lie/ indep5d5t "w ( ,holbe9's fir/ ,basel p]iod4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,decorative ,,arts ,,9 ,,augsburg ,9 8 fa!r's /udio ,holbe9 obta9$ a v complete gr\nd+ 9 all ! te*nical processes ( 8 art1 & 0 enc\rag$ to develop t extraord9>y gift = portraiture :i* he _h l>gely inh]it$4 ,! family seems to h be5 s frequ5tly h>d-press$ = money t ! two boys w\ld be oblig$1 at z e>ly an age z possible1 to beg9 to "w s]i\sly = a liv+1 & 9 ?is way w\ld ga9 mu* useful practical k & facility 9 ! h&l+ ( bru% & p5cil4 ,9 o!r respects ,holbe9's art 0 app>5tly m /rongly influ5c$ by ! example ( ,hans ,burgkmair1 :o 0 "s tw5ty-five ye>s 8 s5ior1 ?an by t ( 8 own fa!r1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 8 ready assimilation ( ! new] me?ods & aspirations spr++ f ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 :i* aft]w>ds became s p]fectly bl5d$ 9 8 pa9t+ ) ^? old] =ms & conceptions ( ! ,g]manic s*ool ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 9 :i* he 0 fir/ tra9$ 9 ! eld] ,holbe9's work%op4 ,burgkmair return$ f ,italy ab\t #aejh1 full ( en?usiasm = ! new movem5t1 & 8 example mu/ h act$ z an inspiration to ,holbe9's budd+ g5ius4 ,n only 9 8 pictures & wall-pa9t+s1 b 9 8 rem>kable designs = woodcuts = ! two great works 9 8 own hon\r project$ by ! ,emp]or ,maximilian--! 8,weisskunig10 & ! 8,triumphal ,procession0--,burgkmair ex]cis$ an und\bt$ influ5ce ov] 8 y\ng] contempor>y4 ,a ye> or two lat] 9 ,basel ,holbe9's art appe>s to h be5 affect$ to "s ext5t1 ?\gh indirectly1 by t ( ,hans ,baldung ,gri5 & ,mat?ias ,grnewald1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( "s pa9t] ^: "n s f> has n be5 trac$4#ia ,o!r causes1 too1 7 at "w 9 m\ld+ him = 8 future c>e]4 ,! city ( ,augsburg 0 exceptionally well fitt$ = provid+ inc5tives to a "y arti/ to develop 8 p[]s 9 _m directions4 ,! practice ( decorat+ ! m important build+s ( ! city & ! mansions ( its m]*ant-pr9ces ) wall-pa9t+s bo? )9 & )\t provid$ "w = num]\s arti/s1 & 9 ?is way1 no d\bt1 ,holbe9 fir/ began to practise a =m ( art :i* a few ye>s lat] he 0 to c>ry to s high a pit* ( excell5ce 9 ,luc]ne & ,basel4 ,num]\s pr9t]s1 too1 7 settl$ 9 ! city1 :o provid$ employm5t = _m wood-engrav]s & design]s ( book illu/rations & ornam5tation--! latt] a =m ( art 9 :i* ,holbe9 0 v busily engag$ dur+ ! fir/ t5 ye>s ( 8 resid5ce 9 ,switz]l&4 ,8 skill1 too1 9 mak+ designs = work]s 9 gold & silv]1 9 enamels & pa9t$ glass1 mu/ h receiv$ its fir/ enc\ragem5t 9 ,augsburg1 :i* 0 not$ = its craftsm54 ,e bran* ( h&icraft1 inde$1 0 practis$ !re4 ,its arm\r]s1 head$ by ! great ,kolman family1 7 celebrat$ ?r\gh\t ,europe1 :ile ! ,augsburg goldsmi?s 7 equally fam\s = ! arti/ic excell5ce & f9e workman%ip ( _! productions4 ,among su* ma/]s 9 _! v>i\s arts ! y\?ful ,holbe9 mov$1 & x mu/ h be5 f p]sonal int]c\rse ) !m t he ga9$ 8 fir/ k ( design1 & h[ x %\ld be rightfully appli$ to ! s]vice ( ! sev]al decorative arts1 & h[ be/ modifi$ to suit ! nature ( ! mat]ials us$ 9 ea* p>ticul> h&icraft2 & t he made ! mo/ ( 8 opportunities is prov$ by ! fact t :51 a few ye>s lat]1 he />t$ ^u an indep5d5t c>e] 9 ,basel1 ! fir/ works he produc$ %[ him to h be5 ev5 at t e>ly age an almo/ complete ma/] ( decorative design4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,fir/ ,,ye>s ,,9 ,,switz]l& ,dep>ture ( ,hans & ,ambrosius f ,basel--,! 8,virg9 & ,*ild0 ( #aead--,! pa9t$ ,table at ,zri*--,_! arrival 9 ,basel--,heads ( ! ,virg9 & ,/4 ,john--,! 8,cross-,be>+0 at ,k>lsruhe--,! five sc5es f 8,*ri/'s ,passion0 at ,basel--,"w = ! ,basel pr9t]s--,holbe9's fir/ title-page--,! m>g9al draw+s to ,erasmus' 8,praise ( ,folly0--,! %>e ( ,ambrosius 9 ^! illu/rations--,! leg5d ( ! pa9t]'s intemp]ance--,! ,s*oolma/]'s ,sign-,bo>d--,d\ble portrait ( ,jakob ,mey] & 8 wife--,! 8,adam & ,eve40 ,,! =tunes ( ! ,holbe9 family1 nev] v brilliant1 hav+ become /ill m prec>i\s1 if exi/+ records are to be believ$1 ! two sons1 n[ approa*+ manhood1 resolv$ to seek employm5t f>!r afield4 ,possibly 9 #aeac1 b m probably 9 ! spr+ ( #aead1 !y turn$ _! backs on ,augsburg & set out = ,switz]l&4 ,:e!r ,basel 0 _! objective f ! beg9n+ or :e!r !y arriv$ !re m or less by *ance1 9 ! c\rse ( _! w&]-ye>1 & f9d+ "w pl5tiful1 resolv$ to make x _! headqu>t]s1 !re is no actual pro( to %[2 b _! uncle1 ,sigmund1 _h be5 settl$ 9 ,switz]l& = "s ye>s1#ib & _h e/abli%$ himself 9 good practice 9 ,b]ne1 & ?is fact may h _h some?+ to d ) ! resolve ( ! y\ng] ,holbe9s to turn _! faces 9 t direction4 ,! discov]y ( a little picture ( ! 8,virg9 & ,*ild10 dat$ #aead1 9 a small village ne> ,con/ance1 :i* is attribut$ to ,hans1 af=ds "s evid5ce t _! dep>ture f ,augsburg took place 9 t ye>2 t !y _h rea*$ ,basel "s "t 9 ! spr+ or e>ly summ] ( #aeae is prov$ by ! exi/5ce ( m ?an "o au!ntic "w by ! y\ng] bro!r be>+ t date4 ,n long aft]w>ds ! fa!r himself left ,augsburg = ,is5heim1 ne> ,gebweil]1 9 ,alsace1 at no great di/ance f ,basel1 &1 s f> z is kn[n1 nev] return$ to 8 native city1 s t ! old home 0 f9ally brok5 up4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild0 ,,( #aead ,! small picture ( ! 8,virg9 & ,*ild0 7,pl4 #g7 0 discov]$ 9 ! village ( ,rick5ba*1 ne> ,con/ance1 by ,h]r ,anton ,s$]1 & on ! sale ( 8 collection 9 #ahgf x 0 acquir$ = ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cjb74ic ,x came orig9ally f ! ,m>ia ,wallfahrts 7,pilgrimages7 ,*ur* ( ,rick5ba*4 ,on ! backgr\nd ( ! panel1 on ei!r side ( ! ,virg9's head1 are two coats ( arms1 ! "o on ! left be+ t ( ! ,von ,botzheim family1 & t on ! "r ( ! family ( ,y*] von ,b]+54 ,! picture1 !re=e1 is suppos$ to h be5 ord]$ by ,johann von ,botzheim1 canon ( ,con/ance1 son ( ,mi*ael von ,botzheim & ,anna ,y*] von ,b]+54 ,! ,virg9 is %[n to ! knees1 a seat$ figure1 hold+ ! ,*ild 9 h] lap1 ^u :om %e gazes ) d[nca/ eyes4 ,%e clasps him to h] ) h] left h&1 ! "r h& be+ plac$ "u 8 *94 ,h] :ite dress ( s(t mat]ial is arrang$ 9 a multiplicity ( small folds1 ea* c>efully drawn1 & is decorat$ ) a b& ( gold embroid]y2 ! wide fl[+ sleeves are drawn 9 above & bel[ ! elb[ ) simil> b&s1 & resemble ! sleeves 9 ! 8,/4 ,b>b>a0 ( ! 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece4 ,! l[] "p ( ! dress is a v d>k blue1 almo/ black4 ,%e we>s a gold5 cr[n1 & h] fair hair falls ^u h] %\ld]s1 z 9 ! fam\s ,d>m/adt 8,madonna40 ,! ,*ild lies quietly 9 h] arms1 a some:at sad expression on 8 face1 ) 8 small toes curl$ up1 bo? feet & h&s be+ admirably drawn4 ,! backgr\nd is a deep r$1 & ov] ! ,virg9's head hangs a fe/oon ( laurel leaves1 susp5d$ f ! pa9t$ framework :i* surr\nds ! gr\p4 ,?is framework repres5ts :ite /one pill>s1 ) panels ( black m>ble decorat$ ) ,r5aissance ornam5tation1 & a numb] ( small nak$ putti1 ?ree on ei!r side & sev5 on ! top4 ,"s ( ^! little w+$ angels salute ! ,virg9 ) trumpets1 o!rs c>ry ! in/rum5ts ( ,*ri/'s ,passion1 & f\r ( !m hold small tablets = inscriptions4 ,^! delightfully natural little figures are pa9t$ 9 an ivory tone & /& out well aga9/ ! d>k backgr\nd4 ,! "w is immature1 b displays a v t5d]1 sympa!tic feel+1 & possesses v consid]able attractions4 ,! col\r-s*eme1 9 :i* few t9ts are employ$1 is delicate & h>moni\s1 & indicates t ! arti/ already possess$ a true s5se ( its possibilities4 ,! type ( ! ,virg9 resembles t employ$ by ! eld] ,holbe9 9 su* pictures z ! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life40 ,! natural affection ( "m = *ild is well express$1 bo? 9 ! d[nca/ face & 9 ! draw+ ( ! h&s ) :i* %e holds ! little "o close to h]4 ,on ! pl9? at ! base ( ! picture is inscrib$1 9 ,roman lett]+3 8,que virgo pep]it virgoque p]manet lactavit propriis ub]ibus deum portantemque g]ebat ulnis prona trem5tibus4 ,m4,d4,,xiiii40 ,x is reg>d$ z ! e>lie/ au!ntic "w ( ! y\ng] ,hans1 b nei!r 8 signature nor 8 initials are n[ cle>ly di/+ui%able ^u x1 & its au?or%ip is n absolutely c]ta94 ,! f\r small tablets 9 ! h&s ( ! putti at "o "t held inscriptions4 ,no traces ( !m rema9 on ! two on ! "r1 b portions ( ^? on ! left are /ill visible4 ,on ! upp] "o !re appe>s to be "p ( a ,lat9 s5t5ce & ! rema9s ( a date 8#aea--40 ,on ! "r-h& side ( ! l[] "o c /ill be deciph]$ "s lett]s ( a ?ree-l9$ inscription1 9 ! top l9e 8,r4,a410 9 ! middle "o 8,c4,a40 7,civis ,augu/anus71 & 9 ! bottom "o ! pa9t]'s monogram4 ,to ! writ] ?is latt] appe>s to resemble m closely t ( ,ambrosius1 8,,ah10 r ?an t ( ,hans1 8,,hh40 ,if ?is supposition be correct1 x w\ld indicate t ! eld] bro!r 0 ! au?or ( ! picture1 or1 at lea/1 t he _h a %>e 9 ! pa9t+ ( x4 ,9 /yle x resembles almo/ z closely ! few kn[n works by ,ambrosius z ! e>li] ,basel works ( ,hans2 inde$1 9 "s ways1 x approa*es m ne>ly to ! eld] bro!r's art1 z se5 9 8 draw+s4 ,9 ^! !re is a slight hesitancy & lack ( decision 9 ! t\* :i* is n met ) 9 ! y\ng] ,holbe9's "w ( ! same p]iod4 ,! t5d]ness ( feel+ display$ 9 ! picture is also to be f\nd 9 su* draw+s by ,ambrosius z ! head ( a "y girl inscrib$ 8,anne10 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :ile ! putti h mu* 9 common ) ^? :i* be> ! %ields above ! heads ( 8 two *>m+ portraits ( unkn[n boys1 also at ,basel4 ,^! putti1 h[ev]1 h a /ill great] lik5ess to ^? s frequ5tly us$ by 8 bro!r ,hans1 z c be se5 v pla9ly 9 ! fir/ title-page design$ by him a ye> or two lat]2 inde$1 ! :ole framework ( ! picture recalls 8 h&iwork4 ,x may be sugge/$1 !re=e1 t ! ,rick5ba* 8,madonna0 0 pa9t$1 9 "p at lea/1 by ,ambrosius4 ,! two y\?s appe> to h travell$ toge!r--?\gh !re is no absolute pro( ( ?is--& x might be expect$ t any small commissions pick$ up on ! way w\ld be giv5 to ! eld] bro!r1 :o1 aga91 may h be5 assi/$ 9 c>ry+ !m out by 8 y\ng] companion4 ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out ! close resemblances betwe5 ?is picture & a silv]-po9t draw+ at ,basel attribut$ to ! two bro!rs4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild #aead ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,pa9t$ ,,table ,,at ,,zuri* ,a "w ( a v diff]5t k9d1 ! ,pa9t$ ,table at ,zri*1#id has be5 reg>d$ by "s writ]s z ! result ( a commission receiv$ by ,hans ,holbe9 dur+ a halt 9 t t[n on 8 j\rney to ,basel4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 n ! case4 ,x mu/ h be5 pa9t$ aft] he _h settl$ 9 ! latt] place1 = x 0 ord]$ on ! occasion ( ! m>riage ( ,hans ,ba]1 a citiz5 ( ,basel1 ) ,b>b>a ,brunn] on ! #bd? ,june1 #aeae1 ei!r by ,ba] himself or by "s fri5d ( 8 z a w$d+ pres5t1 & ! coats ( arms ( ! two families are repres5t$ on x4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ! bridegroom left ,basel = ! ,italian w>s1 m>*+ z /&>d-be>] ) "o ( ! m]c5>y troops1 & 0 kill$ at ! battle ( ,m>ignano on ! #ad? ( ,septemb] 9 ! same ye>4 ,?is l>ge table-top is ( wood1 & oblong 9 %ape1 ) a slab ( slate ins]t$ 9 ! c5tre4 ,?is broad wood5 bord] or framework is pa9t$ ) hunt+1 fi%+1 j\/+1 & o!r outdoor sc5es4 ,"o ( ! long] sides is occupi$ ) a numb] ( m\nt$ knights ) long lances engag$ 9 a t\rnam5t1 att5d$ by _! squires & s]vants4 ,! action is v spirit$1 & sev]al ( ! individual figures are f9ely conceiv$4 ,! correspond+ side is devot$ to hunt+ sc5es1 includ+ ! *ase ( ! /ag1 ! wild bo>1 ! h>e1 & ! be>4 ,! la/-nam$ animal is repres5t$ 9 ! act ( ov]turn+ a numb] ( bee-hives4 ,! decoration ( "o ( ! end bord]s %[s ! banks ( a riv] ) a numb] ( m5 & wom5 engag$ 9 fi%+1 us+ bo? ! rod & nets ( great v>iety4 ,9 ! mead[ at ! back a table is spread = a meal1 & two wom5 are cook+ at a fire4 ,on ! o!r end is depict$ a lady & g5tleman out hawk+1 ) ! bran*es ( ! surr\nd+ trees cr[d$ ) birds ( _m k9ds1 & rabbits play+ on ! grass1 &1 on ! left1 "s game is %[n 9 progress1 9 :i* "y m5 are captur+ girls 9 nets4 ,! slate slab 9 ! middle conta9s two pr9cipal subjects4 ,"o ( !m repres5ts ! old leg5d ( 8,/4 ,nobody10 ! un=tunate my?ical p]sonage usually accus$ ( be+ ! au?or ( all breakages & accid5ts 9 ,g]man h\seholds1 & incapable ( def5d+ himself f su* false accusations1 &1 = ?is reason1 repres5t$ by ,holbe9 ) a padlock$ m\?1 & surr\nd$ by brok5 crock]y & o!r objects ( daily use4 ,a comic poem on 8,nobody10 by ,ulri* von ,hutt51 publi%$ 9 ,basel at ab\t ! "t ! table 0 pa9t$1 sugge/$ ?is subject1 & "s l9es f x are inscrib$ on a ribbon-scroll above ! deject$ sa9t4 ,! second subject is also humor\s1 & %[s a p$l> sleep+ by ! roadside1 q unconsci\s ( a troop ( monkeys :o h plund]$ 8 pack4 ,ov] ! re/ ( ! surface a numb] ( small scatt]$ objects h be5 pa9t$1 z ?\gh left !re by ! own]4 ,^! =m$ a "p ( ! joke1 & 7 pa9t$ ) a realism int5d$ to deceive1 & ) ! expectation t ! spectator w\ld attempt to pick !m up4 ,among !m are a pair ( spectacles1 a seal1 a quill-p51 & p5knife1 scissors1 a c>nation1 & a fold$ lett] ) a seal1 r\nd ! m>g9 ( :i* "p ( ! pa9t]'s signature1 8,,hans ,,ho10 c /ill be deciph]$1 ?\gh ! coat ( arms itself is n t ( ! ,holbe9 family4 ,a circle 9 ! c5tre ( ! table conta9s ! armorial be>+s ( ,hans ,ba] & 8 wife4 ,9 ! ye> #afcc ! table 0 pres5t$ to ! ,/ate ,libr>y ( ,zri*1 :]e x 0 held 9 high e/imation ?r\gh\t ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,bo? ,s&r>t & ,pat9 saw x !re4 ,! =m] describes x at "s l5g?4 8,9 p>ticul>10 he says1 8!re is a l>ge table :i* is wor?y ( inspection1 entirely pa9t$ by our ,hans ,holbe9 ! y\ng]1 on :i*1 9 arti/ic oil col\rs1 he has repres5t$ ! s-call$ ,sa9t 7,nobody7 sitt+ sadly on a brok5 tub1 8 m\? fa/5$ up ) a great lock4 ,ar\nd him torn old books are ly+1 e>!n & metal vessels1 glass pans1 di%es1 & v>i\s o!r ut5sils1 b all brok5 & de/roy$4 ,an op5 lett]1 on :i* ,holbe9's "n /&s1 is s naturally repres5t$1 t _m p h seiz$ x by mi/ake1 ?9k+ x is a real "o4 ,! re/ ( ?is table is ornam5t$ ) v>i\s hunt+ sc5es & foliage40 ,pat9 speaks ( x z 8a squ>e table1 ab\t five spans broad1 on :i* are depict$ danc+1 fi%+1 hunt+1 fi%-spe>+1 repres5t$ = ! mo/ "p playfully40 ,9 spite ( ?is praise1 9 c\rse ( "t x became neglect$1 & f9ally disappe>$1 & 0 n he>d ( aga9 until #ahga1 :5 x 0 discov]$ by ,pr(essor ,salomon ,vgel91 buri$ "u ?ick du/ & a mass ( old pap]s1 & 9 a v damag$ condition4#ie ,x n[ =ms "o ( ! *ief treasures ( ! ,zri* ,libr>y1 b x has be5 s s]i\sly injur$ by ! neglect & ill-usage to :i* x 0 subject$ = s long a "t1 t ev5 aft] m ?an "o c>eful attempt at re/oration1 mu* ( ,holbe9's orig9al & ent]ta9+ "w has p]man5tly disappe>$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,arrival ,,( ,,holbe9 ,,9 ,,basel ,al?\gh ! exact date ( ! arrival ( ! two bro!rs 9 ,basel is n kn[n1 !re is evid5ce to %[ t !y 7 busily at "w !re ?r\gh\t ! ye> #aeae4 ,possibly x may h be5 _! orig9al int5tion to make a halt 9 t city ( only "s mon?s' duration2 b !y f\nd x s pr(itable a field = _! lab\rs t !y det]m9$ to rema9 !re p]man5tly4 ,basel1 ) its fam\s ,univ]sity1 0 at t "t ! home & refuge ( _m ( ! able/ ?9k]s & writ]s ( ! day1 & x op5$ its gates freely to all ^: advanc$ op9ions made ,g]many & o!r p>ts ( ,europe undesirable z places ( resid5ce4 ,its _m pr9t+-presses 7 already celebrat$1 & ! pr9t]s & publi%]s f\nd con/ant employm5t bo? = le>n$ s*ol>s :o edit$ = !m new editions ( ! classics & ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 & = a l>ge body ( draughtsm51 design]s1 & wood-cutt]s :o 7 engag$ 9 illu/rat+ _! publications ) portraits1 pictures1 title-pages1 & innum]able initial lett]s & o!r ornam5ts4 ,?is well-paid & regul> "w :i* ! city (f]$ to all arti/s ( ability 01 no d\bt1 ! real cause :i* induc$ ! two bro!rs to become citiz5s ( ,basel4 ,among ! e>lie/ works produc$ !re by ,hans 7 two small heads ( sa9ts n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,nos4 #cjh1 #cji71 app>5tly int5d$ to repres5t ! ,virg9 ,m>y & ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/4 7,pl4 #h74if ,! ,virg9 is we>+ a cr[n1 & h] long /raight hair falls ^u h] %\ld]s1 z 9 ! ,rick5ba* 8,virg9 & ,*ild0 ( ! previ\s ye>4 ,! type ( face1 too1 is ! same z 9 t picture1 & is se5 aga9 9 ! 8,adam & ,eve0 picture ( #aeag4 ,/4 ,john is repres5t$ z a be>dless "y man ) curly hair1 & "h aga9 ! head closely resembles t ( ! man 9 ! 8,adam & ,eve40 ,ea* has a l>ge gold5 nimbus1 :i* /&s out aga9/ a pla9 pale-blue backgr\nd4 ,^! small panels are pleasant 9 col\r1 & c>efully pa9t$1 b o!rwise af=d few indications ( ! arti/'s future greatness4 ,!y =m$ "p ( ! ,am]ba* collection1 & 9 ! inv5tory are describ$ z ! "y ,holbe9's fir/ works4 78,item e9] heilig5 iung5 und iungfraw5 kpfl9 mit pat55 vf holz mit lf>b kle9 ,h4 ,holbe9 er/e arbeit407 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #h4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,virg9 ,,m>y ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,/4 ,,john ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,e>ly 8,,passion0 ,,pictures ,,9 ,,basel ,! e>lie/ "w ( ,hans :i* is bo? sign$ & dat$ is ! small panel 9 ! ,k>lsruhe ,gall]y 7,no4 #fd71 repres5t+ 8,*ri/ ,be>+ ! ,cross10 a composition cr[d$ ) small figures4#ig ,9 ! c5tre ,*ri/ has fall5 to 8 knees "u ! weight ( ! ,cross1 & is urg$ =w>d by ! brutal soldi]y1 clad 9 ! co/ume ( ! m]c5>y l&skne*te ( ,holbe9's day4 ,on ! "r /&s ,/4 ,v]onica hold+ ! h&k]*ief1 & beh9d h] ! m\nt$ ,c5turion1 ) a small dog runn+ by 8 horse's feet1 bo? animals v inadequately r5d]$4 ,on ! left is a gr\p consi/+ ( ! weep+ ,virg91 ,/4 ,john1 ,simon ! ,cyr5ean1 :o is help+ to raise ! ,cross1 & ,joseph ( ,arima!a4 ,beh9d ! *ief *>act]s is a cr[d ( arm$ m5 & spectators issu+ f ! gate ( a t[n1 & 9 ! backgr\nd a hilly l&scape ) di/ant build+s4 ,x is sign$ 8,h4,h4 #aeae10 & 0 at "o "t attribut$ to ! eld] ,holbe91 & is /ill consid]$ to be f 8 h& by "s writ]s4 ,x is s describ$ 9 ! fir/ volume ( ! second edition ( ,woltmann's book1 b 9 ! second volume he rev]ses 8 op9ion1 & mod]n criticism is ma9ly 9 agreem5t ) ?is4 ,?\gh 9 _m ways a crude p]=mance1 x appe>s to be an und\bt$ "w ( ! y\ng] pa9t]1 conceiv$ "u ! influ5ce ( 8 fa!r4 ,! figure ( ! /umbl+ ,*ri/1 ! action ( ,simon1 & ( ! soldi]s /rik+ at ,*ri/ are all rem9isc5t bo? ( ! 8,cross-be>+0 panel 9 ! 8,passion0 s]ies by ! eld] ,holbe9 9 ! gall]y ( ,pr9ce ,c>l von ,fr/5b]g at ,donaues*+51 7,nos4 #dc-ed71ih & ( ! simil> subject 9 ! ,vett] votive picture ( ! ye> #adii 9 ! ,augsburg ,gall]y 7,no4 #fa74 ,^u ! back ( ! ,k>lsruhe picture are ! badly-damag$ rema9s ( a second 8,passion0 subject1 ! 8,cr[n+ ) ,?orns10 also by ! y\ng] ,hans1 fir/ publi%$ by ,dr4 ,paul ,ganz 9 8 rec5t book1 :i* also has mu* 9 common ) ! same two works by ! eld] ,holbe94#ii ,! "w1 aga91 is closely ak9 to ! five sc5es f 8,*ri/'s ,passion0 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,nos4 #cjc-cjg71 :i* are c]ta9ly among ! v e>lie/ productions ( ! y\ng] ,hans4 ,two ( ^!1 8,! ,la/ ,supp]0 & 8,! ,sc\rg+ ( ,*ri/10 belong$ to ,bonifacius ,am]ba*1 & are ! be/ ( ! set1 ! rema9+ ?ree hav+ be5 acquir$ 9 #ahcf at a sale 9 ,basel4 ,!y are pa9t$ on canvas1 in/ead ( on panel1 an unusual me?od = pictures ( any value 9 ^? days1 & = ?is reason x is suppos$ t !y 7 ord]$ = "s special purpose1 su* z ! decoration ( a *ur* dur+ ,holy ,week1 aft] :i* !y w\ld be roll$ up & put away until want$ aga9 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! ha/y execution :i* !y betray possibly arises f ! same cause4 ,!y may h be5 want$ 9 a hurry1 & ! pay = !m 0 p]haps too small to all[ ( c>eful1 elaborate "w1 :i*1 inde$1 w\ld n be necess>y1 consid]+ ! tempor>y purpose = :i* !y 7 int5d$4 ,!y h also be5 tak5 z af=d+ indications t ! "y pa9t]s did n imm$iately on _! arrival set up an indep5d5t work%op ( _! own1 b ent]$ = a p]iod ! s]vice ( "s ,basel arti/ z j\rneym5 pa9t]s = a weekly wage4 ,! composition ( ^! 8,passion0 pictures1 x is urg$1 is too elaborate to be ! unaid$ inv5tion ( ! two "y m51 & x is !re=e assum$ t ! designs 7 provid$ by "s o!r pa9t]1 & t ,hans & ,ambrosius c>ri$ !m out "u 8 in/ructions4 ,! "n ( ,hans ,h]b/]1 ^: portrait by ! eld] bro!r#ajj is n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #bic7 has be5 sugge/$ 9 ?is connection4 ,on ! o!r h&1 al?\gh x is n easy at ! fir/ glance to recognise ! workman%ip ( ,hans 9 ^! co>sely-pa9t$ pictures1 x is equally difficult to po9t to any "o among ! old] pa9t]s !n 9 ,basel :o1 judg$ by exi/+ works1 0 capable ( produc+ compositions ( ?is importance2 9 any case1 ! col\r-s*eme 0 probably ,holbe9's own1 z well z ! vigor\s expression giv5 to ! heads1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 "s ( ! subjects is exagg]at$ to ! v]ge ( c>icature4 ,! grotesquely ugly & brutal execution]s 9 8,! ,sc\rg+0 h mu* 9 common ) su* works ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld] z ! ,passion sc5es at ,donaues*+51 & x may v well be t ^! five pictures 7 ! unaid$ productions ( ,hans & 8 bro!r1 bas$ ^u ! k ( simil> pa9t+s by _! fa!r1 9 ! execution ( :i* !y _h 9 all probability giv5 him assi/ance1 & t !y did n r5ew _! pr5tice days 9 ,h]b/]'s or any o!r work%op1 b />t$ z indep5d5t pa9t]s f ! fir/4 ,9 ! 8,la/ ,supp]0 7,no4 #cjc7 7,pl4 #i71aja ! meal is laid on two tables plac$ at "r angles1 ) ,*ri/ sitt+ at ! angle1 & he is repres5t$ 9 ! act ( pass+ ! bread across ! table to ,judas1 :o1 dress$ 9 yell[1 is half ris+ f 8 seat4 ,! supp] takes place 9 an op5 loggia or c\rty>d1 ! backgr\nd be+ fill$ ) ar*ways & op5+s ?r\gh :i* ! deep blue sky is se54 ,9 ! di/ance on ! "r is a repres5tation ( ! ,wa%+ ( ,pet]'s feet4 ,9 ! night sc5e on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives 7,no4 #cjd71ajb ! kneel+ ,*ri/ lifts up 8 arms ) a passionate movem5t4 ,! angel1 a mu* =e-%ort5$ figure 9 r$ drap]ies1 flies head =emo/ f ! skies be>+ ! ho/4 ,*ri/ & ,/4 ,pet]1 :o is asleep 9 ! left =egr\nd1 are d>kly clad4 ,! backgr\nd1 ) its tall1 gloomy trees1 is illum9at$ by ! tor*es & lant]ns ( ! soldi]s ent]+ ! g>d51 :ile ! light ( ! com+ dawn is j break+ along ! horizon4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,la/ ,,supp] ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,e>ly 8,,passion0 ,,pictures ,,9 ,,basel ,! 8,arre/ 9 ! ,g>d50 7,no4 #cje7ajc is a composition cr[d$ ) figures1 & is full ( movem5t & noise4 ,9 ! c5tre ,judas is kiss+ ,*ri/1 :o is surr\nd$ by arm$ m52 & on ! left ,pet]1 ) uplift$ sword1 has j /ruck (f ! e> ( ,mal*us1 :o1 scream+ ) pa91 & fl++ "o arm ov] 8 head1 has fall5 prone on ! gr\nd1 :ile ,*ri/ rea*es d[n 8 h& to heal ! w\nd4 ,clev] use is made ( ! spe>s1 maces1 & o!r uprais$ weapons ( ! soldi]y1 :i* are se5 aga9/ ! d>k sky4 ,_m ( ! movem5ts ( ! figures are awkw>d & ugly1 & ! faces ( ! m5 :o are dragg+ ,*ri/ away are repulsive & exagg]at$1 b ! g5]al effect produc$ is an impressive "o1 & ! gr\p+ is notewor?y z ! "w ( a y\? ( sev5te5 or eighte54 ,! picture ( ! 8,h&wa%+0 7#cjf7ajd is ! f9e/ ( ! s]ies1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! left-h& half ( ! composition1 :i* repres5ts ,pilate 9 ! act ( wa%+ 8 h&s 9 a gold5 di%4 ,he is clad 9 d>k gre51 ) an erm9e cape ov] 8 %\ld]s1 & an ,ea/]n turban1 & is seat$ on a ?rone or das ) pill>s ( col\r$ m>bles & an ar* fill$ 9 ) a %ell design4 ,two att5dants1 "o 9 yell[ & black1 hold ! bas9 & p\r out ! wat] f a gold5 ew]4 ,on ! "r1 ,*ri/1 9 d>k blue & cr[n$ ) ?orns1 is l$ =? to execution4 ,9 ?is picture ! col\r is less crude & viol5t ?an 9 mo/ ( ! o!rs ( ! s]ies1 & 9 te*nical a*ievem5t1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! draughtsman%ip ( ! gr\p ( ,pilate & 8 att5dants1 is some:at high]4 ,9 ! 8,sc\rg+0 7,no4 #cjg7 7,pl4 #aj71aje ,*ri/1 a nude figure1 is b\nd r\nd ! wai/ to a pill> 9 ! prison1 8 uplift$ arms be+ fa/5$ to an iron r+ above 8 head4 ,8 body is scor$ ) w\nds f ! la%es ( 8 execution]s1 8 head falls 9 agony ^u 8 %\ld]1 & "o leg is dragg$ across ! o!r 9 ! extremity ( 8 pa94 ,! action ( 8 tortur]s is ( ! utmo/ viol5ce1 & !y je] at him z !y ra9 heavy bl[s ^u 8 def5celess body4 ,! sc5e to be depict$ 0 a brutal & ru?less "o1 & to drive x home to ! spectators1 ,holbe9 sp>$ no details or ef=ts to make x z brutal 9 pa9t z x 0 9 de$4 ,! agony ( ,*ri/ is well express$1 & consid]able k is display$ 9 ! draw+ ( ! body4 ,! bright g>m5ts ( ! execution]s =m a /rik+ ?\gh h>% contra/ to ! pale fle% t9ts ( ,*ri/ & ! /one wall ( ! cell1 ?r\gh ! doorway ( :i* on ! "r ,pilate is gaz+ at 8 victim4 ,?\gh by no means faultless1 ?is picture has qualities1 bo? ( expression & ( execution1 :i* are rem>kable :5 ! age ( ! pa9t] is rememb]$1 qualities :i* already give indications1 h[ev] fa9t1 ( ! com+ greatness ( ! ma/]4 ,?is picture1 & ! "o ( ! 8,la/ ,supp]10 are not$ 9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory z among ,holbe9's fir/ works4 ,tak5 z a :ole1 ! s]ies displays num]\s rem9isc5ces ( ! art ( ! fa!r1 suffici5tly s1 inde$1 to make ne$less ! supposition t 9 ! pa9t+ ( !m ! arti/ 0 assi/$ by "s old] practition] ( ,basel4 ,!y possess consid]able dramatic p[]1 & ! draughtsman%ip1 ?\gh 9 p>ts faulty1 is (t5 excell5t1 ! signs ( ha/y manipulation1 :i* are v app>5t1 be+ due1 no d\bt1 to ! fact t ! pictures 7 int5d$ to s]ve m]ely z processional /&>ds or tempor>y 8/ations ( ! ,cross02 b ! col\r ?r\gh\t is = ! mo/ "p crude & h>%4 ,x is difficult1 if n impossible1 to det]m9e h[ mu* ( !m 0 ! "w ( ,hans & h[ mu* t ( 8 bro!r ,ambrosius4 ,! ?ree :i* d n =m "p ( ! ,am]ba* collection 7 reg>d$ at ! "t ( _! acquisition by ! ,basel ,gall]y z ! h&iwork ( ,holbe9 ! ,eld]1 b ?is ascription has be5 long s9ce ab&on$4 ,mr4 ,davies is ( op9ion t ! 8,pilate ,wa%+ 8 ,h&s0 is entirely ! "w ( ! y\ng] ,hans1 & t 8,! ,sc\rg+0 is almo/ :olly by him1 :ile he gives 8,! ,agony 9 ! ,g>d50 & 8,! ,arre/0 to ,ambrosius alone4#ajf ,"o is on saf] gr\nd1 h[ev]1 9 conf9+ oneself to ! ass]tion t ! pictures 7 produc$ 9 ! common work%op ( ! two y\?s1 & t bo? ( !m may h _h some?+ to d ) ! pa9t+ ( all five canvases1 b t ! pr$om9ant h& 0 t ( ! y\ng] bro!r4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #aj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sc\rg+ ,,( ,,*ri/ ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,exagg]at$ ,,types ,^! pictures 7 pa9t$ at "s date betwe5 #aeae & ,holbe9's dep>ture = ,luc]ne 9 #aeag1 & are bas$ l>gely ^u ! k obta9$ 9 8 fa!r's work%op 9 ,augsburg1 be=e ! %ort visit to ,lomb>dy produc$ s rapid an awak5+ ( 8 g5ius4 ,dr4 ,ganz places !m 9 ! la/-nam$ ye>1 & draws att5tion to ! /rong simil>ity ( _m ( ! motives to ^? ( ,dr]'s 8,little ,passion0 s]ies ( engrav+s1 ?us %[+ t ! y\ng] arti/ mu/ h borr[$ f !m freely4#ajg ,x is probable t ! set 0 orig9ally a l>g] "o1 & t "o or two ( !m are n[ miss+4 ,!re is an elaborate p5 draw+ on a d>k grey gr\nd1 wa%$ ) ,indian ink & height5$ ) :ite1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :i* is v closely alli$ to ^! canvas pictures ( ! ,passion4 ,x repres5ts ! 8,be>+ ( ! ,cross10 "u ! weight ( :i* ,*ri/ has fall5 on 8 h&s & knees4#ajh ,he is 9 ! c5tre ( a body ( soldi]s & call\s onlook]s1 :o h j issu$ f ! gate1 ! procession deploy+ along ! out] wall ( ! t[n ) its circul> wat*-t[]4 ,! head ( ! procession turns at a %>p angle r\nd ! corn] ( ! wall4 ,*ri/ looks up ) 8 face contort$ ) agony1 :ile "o ( ! lead+ soldi]s /rikes at him ) a heavy club1 & a second pulls viol5tly at ! ropes 9 ord] to make him rise aga94 ,beh9d !m a ?ird soldi] be>s ! ladd]1 :ile a f\r? man is c>ry+ huge nails & ! v>i\s implem5ts to be us$ 9 ! ,crucifixion4 ,! head ( ,*ri/ is evid5tly bas$ ^u ,dr]'s repres5tation 9 8 8,passion0 s]ies4 ,9 ! brutality & grotesqu5ess ( ! faces ( ! soldi]y & ! lack ( expression ( ^? ( ! accompany+ mob1 _m ( :om d n ev5 glance t[>ds ! pro/rate figure1 ?is draw+ closely resembles bo? ! ,k>lsruhe 8,cross-be>+0 ( #aeae1 :i* mu/ h be5 pa9t$ on ! j\rney to or %ortly aft] ,holbe9's arrival 9 ,basel1 & ! ,passion s]ies j describ$4 ,9 ord] to br+ home to ! spectator ! cruelty ( ! sc5e depict$1 & 8 dete/ation ( x1 he makes use ( viol5t movem5t & brutal types1 & ev5 9 ! head ( our ,"l ! agoniz$ expression is s pron\nc$ t x becomes pa9ful to look ^u4 ,aft] he _h ga9$ wid] exp]i5ce ( ! art ( ! great pa9t]s ( ,nor!rn ,italy1 ,holbe9 gradually rid himself ( ^! crud] & m vehem5t me?ods1 & depict$ ! pitiful /ory by means ( m natural & less exagg]at$ types1 help$ by a deep] insight into "*4 ,dur+ ^! e>ly ye>s he 0 (t5 employ$ 9 pa9t+ subjects f ! 8,passion10#aji & ! gradual *ange 9 8 po9t ( view & ! matur+ ( 8 art c be se5 v pla9ly 9 !m1 f ! e>ly ,k>lsruhe panel & ! canvas s]ies & ! draw+ j describ$ to ! great alt>-piece 9 eight sc5es 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 &1 f9ally1 9 ! ma/]ly set ( t5 designs = glass-pa9t+ 9 ! same collection1 9 :i* ! fruits ( 8 ,italian exp]i5ce are se5 to s great an advantage4 ,9 ! 8,cross-be>+0 sc5e 9 ! l>ge alt>-piece1 z well z 9 ! lat] design ( ! same subject = pa9t$ glass1 ! procession issues f a simil> gateway & passes along walls ) ! same r\nd t[] %[n 9 ! e>li] examples4 ,9 ! =m]1 too1 ! procession turns %>ply to ! left1 z 9 ! ,basel draw+1 :ile ! same type ( face 9 ! soldi]y occurs 9 all1 b gradually becom+ less exagg]at$ & tru] to life4 ,! ill-treatm5t %[n to ,*ri/1 ?\gh /ill brutal1 is less viol5t 9 its exhibition1 & ! ,savi\r1 ?\gh falt]+ "u 8 burd51 has n fall5 to ! gr\nd4 ,9 ! alt>-piece 8 face is b5t d[nw>ds1 & ca/ into %ad[ by ! ,cross b5ea? :i* he /agg]s1 s t 8 agony is hidd51 :ile 9 ! glass design ! face1 ?\gh agoniz$1 has a spiritual beauty :i* is n to be f\nd 9 ! draw+ n[ 9 "q4 ,?is latt] is undat$1 b ,dr4 ,ganz places x 9 ! ye> #aeag1 & he consid]s t x is mo/ probably ,holbe9's design = a picture1 n[ lo/1 :i* orig9ally =m$ "o ( ! e>ly 8,passion0 s]ies on canvas4#aaj ,holbe9 drew ?is figure ( ,*ri/ ov] aga9 = ! v beautiful woodcut ( :i* only ! s+le impression1 9 ! ,am]ba* collection1 is kn[n4 ,?is woodcut1#aaa :i*1 f ! beauty ( its cutt+1 mu/ be f ! h& ( ,ltzelburg]1 recalls ,dr] ev5 m /rongly ?an ! draw+1 f :i* x diff]s slightly4 ,*ri/1 :o has fall5 to 8 knees1 has "o arm r\nd ! b> ( ! ,cross1 ! o!r h& re/+ on ! /ony gr\nd4 ,a small twi/$ tree1 almo/ leafless1 is on ! "r1 & ! backgr\nd consi/s ( a cl\dy sky4 ,! head1 ) its cr[n ( ?orns1 long hair fall+ on ! %\ld]s1 its op5 m\?1 & ! drops ( bloody sweat on ! br[1 is a wond]ful realisation ( deep suff]+ nobly borne4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 ,,draw+s ,bo? ,hans & ,ambrosius appe> to h obta9$ regul> employm5t f ! ,basel pr9t]s & publi%]s v %ortly aft] _! arrival 9 ! t[n1 b m p>ticul>ly f ,johann ,frob51 "o ( ! be/ kn[n ( !m all1 :o 0 !n issu+1 among _m f9e books1 num]\s works f ! p5 ( ,erasmus4 ,! e>lie/ "w ( ?is nature :i* ,holbe9 produc$ 0 a title-page 9 ! =m ( a ,r5aissance ar* ) a numb] ( small cupids1 "o bl[+ a horn1 o!rs ) spe>s1 two hold+ ! flat c>toon or roll ( p>*m5t 9 ! c5tre res]v$ = ! lett]+ ( ! title-page1 & two o!rs support+ a %ield ) ,frob5's trade-m>k1 ! caduceus 7,pl4 #aa74aab ,?is appe>s to h be5 cut t[>ds ! end ( #aeae1 & did s]vice 9 sev]al books issu$ by ,frob5 dur+ ! next few ye>s1 includ+ ,m's ,utopia 9 #aeah4 ,two small panels at ! top conta9 ! arti/'s signature1 8,hans ,holb40 ,?is int]e/+ specim5 ( ,holbe9's y\?ful skill 9 design & o!r examples ( 8 e>li] "w = book illu/rations are dealt ) 9 a lat] *apt]4 ,ano!r design ( ! ye> #aeae =m]ly attribut$ to ,hans1 & aft]w>ds to ,ambrosius1 0 ! coat ( arms ( ,petrus ,w5ck1 pa9t$ 9 g\a*e on p>*m5t1 9 ! ,matriculation ,book ( ! ,basel ,univ]sity1 ( :i* ,w5ck 0 rector 9 t ye>4 ,x repres5ts a man 9 ,roman arm\r hold+ a l>ge %ield ) a coat ( arms 9 ea* h&4 ,x is reproduc$ by ,dr4 ,willy ,hes 9 8 rec5t book on ,ambrosius ,holbe91 ,plate xxxviii41 :o %[s t x is n ! "w ( ei!r bro!r4 ,by f> ! mo/ important ( ,holbe9's surviv+ works ( ! ye> #aeae is ! s]ies ( draw+s1 eighty-two 9 all1 :i* he made on ! m>g9s ( a copy ( ,erasmus' ,encomium ,mori1 or 8,praise ( ,folly40 ,erasmus paid 8 fir/ visit to ,basel 9 #aeac1 9 ord] to make arrangem5ts ) ,frob5 = ! publication ( 8 ,adagia & 8 edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! two m5 became close fri5ds1 & ,erasmus1 :o f t "t sp5t "s mon?s e ye> 9 ,basel1 always /ay$ 9 ,frob5's h\se dur+ ^! annual visits until #aeba1 :5 he made ,basel 8 p]man5t home4 ,?is bit+ & je/+ satire on ! follies ( mank9d1 writt5 9 ,lat91 ) its punn+ title on ! "n ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 0 compos$ by ,erasmus1 accord+ to 8 preface1 dur+ 8 j\rneys on horseback1 & 0 done 9 ord] to beguile ! we>9ess ( ! way4 ,x 0 publi%$ by ,frob5 9 #aead1 & ,holbe9's pictorial comm5t>y ^u x 0 drawn 9 a copy ( ! fir/ edition1 n[ pres]v$ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4#aac ,! little pictures h be5 done ) ! p5 on ! broad m>g9s by ! side ( ! passages ( ! text to :i* !y ref]4 ,all t is kn[n ( ! hi/ory ( ! book is t x possibly belong$ at "o "t to ,erasmus himself1 & aft]w>ds to ! !ologian & s*oolma/] ,oswald ,molitor1 or ,myconius4 ,at a some:at lat] date ,basilius ,am]ba*1 son ( ,erasmus' fri5d1 ,bonifacius ,am]ba*1 :o cont9u$ to add to ! collection ( ,holbe9's works =m$ by 8 fa!r1 obta9$ x ) "s difficulty1 ?anks to ! k9dly int]v5tion ( ! pa9t] ,jakob ,claus]1 f ,daniel ,wiel&1 ! t[n-cl]k ( ,mhlhaus51 :o 0 v loa? to "p ) x4 ,molitor's own]%ip ( ! book is prov$ by an inscription on ! title-page3 8,e/ ,osualdi ,molitoris ,luc]ni02 & ! e>li] own]%ip ( ,erasmus by a second inscription on ! second title-page1 also 9 ,molitor's h&writ+3 8,hanc moriam pictam decem diebus ut oblect>etur 9 ea ,erasmus habuit10 :i* %[s t ! m>g9al illu/rations 7 complet$ 9 t5 days1 & t ,erasmus d]iv$ mu* ent]ta9m5t f !m4#aad ,molitor 0 liv+ 9 ,basel until #aeaf1 & aft]w>ds 9 ,zri* & 8 native city1 ,luc]ne1 return+ f9ally to ,basel 9 #aecb4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t on ! dea? ( ,erasmus1 ( :om ,molitor 0 a fri5d & admir]1 he receiv$ ! book f ,bonifacius ,am]ba*1 :o 0 ! philosoph]'s residu>y legatee1 & made a po9t ( pres5t+ valuable mem5tos to a numb] ( ,erasmus' close/ fri5ds4 ,! book conta9s annotations 9 ,molitor's h&writ+1 & f "o ( !m we le>n t ! illu/rations 7 done 9 #aeae4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #aa4 ,illu/ration3 ,,holbe9',s ,,e>lie/ ,,title-,,page ,fir/ us$ 9 #aeae ,f a copy ( ,m's 8,utopia0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 ,,draw+s ,x has be5 sugge/$1 too1 t ! draw+s 7 made by ,holbe9 at ! p]sonal reque/ ( ,erasmus1 :i* is n v probable2 & aga91 t ,molitor gave ! commission1 & select$ ! passages to be illu/rat$1 :i* is mu* m likely1 & :5 f9i%$ pres5t$ ! book to 8 fri5d1 & t x 0 = ?is reason t ,am]ba* made a po9t ( giv+ x back to him on ! dea? ( ,erasmus4 ,! book has also be5 tak5 z a pro( t ,holbe9 _h ga9$ a good k ( ,lat9 9 8 s*ool days1 & t he select$ 8 own passages = ! pictures2 b ! few ,lat9 inscriptions on 8 pa9t+s d n indicate mu* pr(ici5cy 9 t language4 ,! supposition t ,molitor 0 ! prime mov] 9 ! matt]1 & t x 0 done = him p]sonally1 & n z a gift to be pres5t$ to ,erasmus1 is by f> ! mo/ probable2 =1 z /at$ above1 he 0 9 ,basel at ! "t1 & ?is w\ld acc\nt = ,holbe9's app>5t k ( ! language 9 :i* ! book 0 writt54 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! p5 draw+s 9 m ?an "o in/ance d n s mu* illu/rate ! incid5ts & s5se ( ! text1 z isolat$ s5t5ces & phrases :i* appe> to h caught ! fancy ( ! arti/1 &1 !re=e1 are n likely to h be5 select$ = pictorial comm5t by a le>n$ /ud5t ( ! book4 ,9 rec5t ye>s ! draw+s h be5 subject$ to a se>*+ exam9ation & comp>ison1 & ,dr4 ,ganz 0 ! fir/ to po9t out t x is impossible to accept ! :ole ( !m z by ,hans ,holbe94#aae ,consid]able v>iations 9 /yle are to be not$1 & x is n[ held1 & ) good reason1 t :ile ! m important %>e ( ! "w 0 due to ,hans1 n only did ,ambrosius contribute a c]ta9 numb] ( ! draw+s1 b t a ?ird arti/1 "s unkn[n ,basel pa9t] ( ! s*ool ( ,urs ,graf1 & possibly ev5 a f\r?1 also _h a h& 9 x4 ,"o ( ^! draw+s1 :i* repres5ts ,jupit] seiz+ ! nak$ ,ate by ! hair1 & fl++ h] across 8 knees 9 ord] to *a/ise h] ) 8 ?und]bolts1 be>s lett]s :i* until rec5tly 7 reg>d$ z ! initials ( ,ambrosius1 ?\gh n 8 usual monogram2 b ?is inscription has n[ be5 correctly read by ,dr4 ,hes z ! ^w 8,,at510 & ref]s to ! subject1 & n to ! au?or ( ! draw+4#aaf ,! two bro!rs mu/ h be5 9 con/ant communication ) ,frob51 & = ! purposes ( ! "w !y und]took = him w\ld pay _m visits to 8 h\se 8zum ,sessel0 9 ! ,fis*m>kt1 :]e ,erasmus also _h 8 headqu>t]s1 & :]e1 no d\bt1 !y fir/ made 8 acqua9tance4 ,! illu/rations to ! 8,praise ( ,folly0 may ?us h be5 begun 9 "s idle mom5t 9 a copy ( ! book f\nd ly+ ab\t 9 ,frob5's (fice1 to pass ! "t :ile wait+ = pro(s or in/ructions 9 connection ) "w 9 h&2 & hav+ be5 ?us begun1 ! int]e/ w\ld gr[1 & ! pr9t] himself w\ld enc\rage its completion1 &1 p]haps1 %[ x to ,erasmus himself m ?an once dur+ ! %ort p]iod ( t5 days 9 :i* ! eighty-two draw+s 7 accompli%$4 ,any lack ( pr(\nd ,lat9ity on ! "p ( ! bro!rs1 :o 9 turn jott$ d[n _! fancies on ! book's m>g91 may h be5 ov]come by ,frob5 himself translat+ passages ( ! book to !m4 ,! sket*es#aag are drawn freely & rapidly1 )\t any attempt at elaboration or su* c>eful draughtsman%ip z w\ld h be5 necess>y _h !y be5 a commission or int5d$ 9 ! end to s]ve z woodcut illu/rations 9 "s future edition ( ! text4 ,_m ( !m are witty & to ! po9t1 & %[ t ,holbe9 _h a true s5se ( hum\r4 ,! wit is1 p]haps1 n s bit+ z t ( ,erasmus himself1 b x mat*es 9 "* ! satirical hum\r & popul> tone ( ! book4 ,! contributions ( ,hans are bo? ! mo/ num]\s & ! be/1 & "s ( !m1 9 ! fre$om & c]ta9ty ( _! draughtsman%ip1 %[ a di/9ct advance 9 8 art4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ab4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>g9al ,,draw+s ,,9 ,a ,,copy ,,( ,,! 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 ,,draw+s ,! op5+ picture repres5ts ,folly1 z a "y woman 9 cap & bells1 m\nt+ ! pulpit 9 ord] to s+ h] own praises to a li/5+ _w1 & 9 ! conclud+ "o %e is se5 desc5d+ ! same /eps ) a ge/ure ( f>ewell1 leav+ a gap+ & a/oni%$ audi5ce beh9d h] 7,pl4 #ab 7#a774 ,"o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( ! draw+s1 repres5t+ ,p5elope at h] loom 7,pl4 #ab 7#b771 is n[ giv5 to ,ambrosius1 b x be>s s close a resemblance to ! /yle ( "s ( ! figures 9 ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 woodcuts1 t x is difficult to believe t x is n by ,hans4#aah ,"s ( ! repres5tations ( s+le figures1 su* z ! ,pope "u a high canopy 7,pl4 #ab 7#c771 ! ,c>d9al 7,pl4 #ab 7#d771 ! ,bi%op 7,pl4 #ab 7#e771 & ! ,a/ronom]1 are drawn ) great] c>e1 & %[ a m s]i\s po9t ( view1 ?an is any:]e disclos$ 9 ! book itself4 ,9 ^! ,holbe9 is se5 at 8 be/1 & also 9 ! *>m+ little picture ( nuns kneel+ ) light$ c&les be=e a picture or c>v+ ( ! ,virg9 & ,*ild1 :i* calls to m9d m ?an "o ( 8 lat] designs = pa9t$ glass 7,pl4 #ab 7#f774 ,9 sev]al ( !m1 su* z ! gr\p ( m5 engag$ 9 an animat$ !ological discussion1 & t ( ! "y man look+ back s int5tly at ! fair damsel :o comes aft] him t1 )\t notic+ x1 he has /epp$ into a basketful ( eggs belong+ to an old m>ket woman1 !re is a l&scape backgr\nd ( t[n & riv] & di/ant ,alps1 *>m+ly ?\gh ha/ily indicat$ 7,pl4 #ac 7#a774 ,among ! classical allusions !re are comic repres5tations ( ! slay+ ( ,niobe's *ildr51#aai ( ,vulcan splitt+ ! skull ( ,jupit]1#aai ( ,atlas /agg]+ "u ! weight ( ! _w1#aai ( ,polyphemus danc+1 & ( ,h]cules quiet+ ,c]b]us by means ( a sausage4#aai ,nicolas de ,lyra is repres5t$ read+ ! ,scriptures1 & at ! same "t play+ a small h&-organ1 9 allusion to 8 "n 7,pl4 #ac 7#b774 ,k+ ,solomon /&s po9t+ to 8 op5 book 7,pl4 #ac 7#c771 & ano!r excell5t little draw+ is t ( ! "y c\rti] or nobleman 7,pl4 #ac 7#d774 ,! sket* ( ,folly talk+ to 8 puppet 7,pl4 #ac 7#e77 is "o ( ! illu/rations n[ giv5 to ! unkn[n arti/ :o collaborat$ ) ! ,holbe9s4 ,! draw+ illu/rat+ ! phrase1 8! gold5 coll> ( pr9ces10 is an unmi/akable portrait ( ! ,emp]or ,maximilian4 ,a portrait1 mu* less easily recognis$1 is t ( ! writ] ( ! book4 ,9 "o passage ,erasmus has m5tion$ 8 own "n1 & opposite to x ,holbe9 drew ! philosoph] seat$ at a desk 9 8 /udy1 9 s*ol>'s cap & g[n1 engag$ 9 writ+ ! ,adagia4 ,?r\gh an ar*$ op5+ is se5 a view ( m\nta9 & lake 7,pl4 #ac 7#f774 ,to make c]ta9 t !re %\ld be no d\bt z to :om ! portrait repres5t$1 ,holbe9 has writt5 ! "n 8,erasmus0 at ! top ( ! ar*4 ,molitor1 9 a m>g9al note1 /ates t :5 ,erasmus came to ?is draw+1 9 :i* he is depict$ z a comp>atively y\?ful man1 he exclaim$1 8,oh6 ,oh6 if ,erasmus /ill look$ l ?is1 he w\ld c]ta9ly take a wife40 ,! "n 8,holbe90 occurs ov] "o ( ! o!r sket*es1 :i* repres5ts a fat & co>se-look+ c>\s] seat$ at table1 dra9+ a bottle ( w9e1 & at ! same "t fondl+ a woman seat$ by him1 & illu/rat+ ! passage f ,horace :i* ref]s to 8a fat & spl5did pig f ! h]d ( ,epicurus0 7,pl4 #ac 7#g774 ,?is is said to h be5 writt5 by ! sage himself 9 playful rev5ge = ! introduction ( 8 own portrait among ! fooli% ( mank9d4#abj ,?is some:at primitive je/ appe>s to be ! sole f\ndation = ! /atem5ts ( sev]al ( ,holbe9's e>li] biograph]s t he 0 ( a gross & s5sual "*1 too fond ( ! w9e-cup1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 liv$ 9 pov]ty4 ,! wor/ (f5d] 9 ?is way 0 ,*>les ,pat91 a ,fr5* physician :o _h settl$ 9 ,basel 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 aft] hav+ be5 =c$ to leave ,p>is on acc\nt ( "s misbehavi\r4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to br+ ?is accusation aga9/ ! pa9t]1 & lat] writ]s copi$ him )\t v]ify+ 8 /atem5ts4 ,van ,m&] & ,s&r>t1 :o repeat$ all ! gossip !y c\ld collect1 d n allude to ?is suppos$ weakness 9 ! pa9t]'s "*4 ,pat9's misrepres5tations occur 9 a %ort life ( ,holbe91 fill$ ) inaccuracies1 :i* he wrote z a preface to an edition ( ! ,praise ( ,folly1 issu$ 9 ,basel 9 #afgf1 9 :i*1 = ! fir/ "t1 ^! m>g9al illu/rations 7 publi%$1 be+ engrav$ = ! book by ,c4 ,m]ian f copies ( ! orig9als made by ,w4 ,/ettl]4 ,!y at once became highly popul>1 & v>i\s editions foll[$1 bo? on ! ,cont95t & 9 ,engl&4 ,pat9 evid5tly all[$ 8 imag9ation to run away ) him 9 8 int]pretation ( ?is some:at feeble joke made at ,holbe9's exp5se4 ,!re is absolutely no f\ndation = ! leg5d ?us set go+2 ! pa9t]'s :ole c>e]1 ! high p]fection ( 8 te*nical p[]s1 & ! extraord9>y am\nt ( "w he accompli%$ 9 8 %ort life are m ?an suffici5t 9 !mselves to refute x4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ac4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>g9al ,,draw+s ,,9 ,a ,,copy ,,( ,,! 8,,praise ,,( ,,folly0 ,,basel ,,gall]y ,!re is a small portrait 9 ! ,gr&-,ducal ,museum at ,d>m/adt1 dat$ #aeae1 at "o "t 9 ! possession ( ! ,von ,s*9z family ( ,zri*1 :i* repres5ts1 at half-l5g?1 a "y man 9 sc>let dress & cap1 ) long fair hair fall+ ov] ! e>s1 ! head /&+ out /rongly aga9/ a bright-blue backgr\nd4#aba ,x is inscrib$ across ! bottom ) ! date betwe5 ! initials ,h4,h41 & until rec5tly has be5 consid]$ by mo/ writ]s to be a "w ( ! y\ng] ,hans1 & 0 reproduc$ z 8 by ,h]r ,knackfuss4 ,9 #aijd ,dr4 ,hes fir/ drew att5tion to its close simil>ity to ! "w ( ,ambrosius1 & mo/ mod]n criticism is 9 agreem5t ) him4 ,x be>s1 9 /yle & t\*1 a f> /rong] lik5ess to ! art ( ,ambrosius ?an to t ( ,hans1 & has mu* 9 common ) ! portrait ( ,hans ,h]b/] 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #bic71 pa9t$ by him 9 ! foll[+ ye>1#abb :i*1 :5 x 0 9 ,"l ,nor?brook's collection1 0 reg>d$ z f ! bru% ( 8 bro!r2 & /ill m s to ! two portraits ( unkn[n boys1 also 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,nos4 #bid-e74 ,!re is1 inde$1 a f9e draw+ ( ! head ( an unkn[n man by ,ambrosius1 belong+ to ! ,basel ,kun/v]e91 :i* z a portrait be>s s /rong a lik5ess to ! ,d>m/adt picture t x might almo/ be reg>d$ z a /udy = x4#abc ,9 ! draw+ ! position is rev]s$1 ! subject be+ turn$ to ! "r in/ead ( to ! left1 b ! dress & hair are ! same1 &1 judg+ f ! te*nique1 bo? are f ! same h&4 ,! inscription on ! ,d>m/adt portrait is possibly ( a some:at lat] date ?an ! pa9t+1 & !re are fa9t indications ( an e>li] "o b5ea? x4 ,:5 ?is e>li] "o 0 replac$ or r5ew$1 ! initial ( ! ,*ri/ian "n may h be5 *ang$ f ,a4 to ,h4 ,9 8 book ,dr4 ,woltmann includ$ ! portrait among ! works ( ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]1 b mod]n criticism does n foll[ him 9 ?is4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,s*oolma/]',s ,,sign-,,bo>d ,at ?is e>ly p]iod ( 8 c>e] ! "y pa9t] 0 will+ to und]take any piece ( "w1 h[ev] humble1 t came to 8 h&4 ,?us1 9 #aeaf1 he pa9t$ a sign-bo>d = "s ,basel s*oolma/] to hang outside 8 h\se 7,pl4 #ad74 ,! panel 0 pa9t$ on bo? sides1 ! upp] & l>g] portion ( ea* be+ fill$ ) a long inscription 9 ,g]man /at+ t ! own] ( ! sign 0 prep>$ to tea* read+ & writ+ 9 ! %orte/ possible "t1 & at mod]ate prices1 to all com]s1 citiz5s1 artisans1 wom51 & maid5s2 & t if 9 any in/ance ! s*ol> prov$ too /upid to le>n1 no fee w\ld be dem&$1 b t *ildr5 7 to be paid = 9 advance at ea* qu>t]4 ,! inscription is ! same on bo? sides1 "o be+ dat$ 8#aeaf10 & ! o!r 8,anno ,,mcccccxvi40 ,9 ! n>r[ space left bel[1 ,holbe9 depict$ two sc5es repres5t+ ! int]ior ( ! s*ool1 ) b5*es aga9/ ! wall "u ! lead$ w9d[s4 ,9 "o ( !m ! s*oolma/] is %[n on ! left1 9 r$ & yell[1 seat$ at 8 high desk1 ) a bir* rod 9 8 h&1 tea*+ a small boy 9 gre5 to read4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! room is ! s*oolmi/ress1 9 r$ dress & :ite coif1 at a simil> desk1 in/ruct+ a little girl clad 9 blue & gre54 ,betwe5 !m sit two small lads at _! books1 "o 9 blue1 & ! o!r 9 yell[ ) a r$ cap4 ,! second picture repres5ts ! same room f ano!r po9t ( view1 ) a wa%+ ci/]n & bas91 & a long t[el fa/5$ to ! wall4 ,9 ! c5tre is a l>ge table at :i* ! s*oolma/] is engag$ ) two "y m5 dress$ 9 ! fa%ion ( ! l&skne*te1 "o 9 trunks ( r$ & yell[ /ripes1 :o is wre/l+ ) a p51 & ! o!r 9 gre51 :o is li/5+ ) an int5t & highly-puzzl$ expression to ! in/ructions ( ! ma/]1 :o is attempt+ to tea* him to read4 ,holbe9 has repres5t$ ! m5tal p]turbation ( ?is second pupil ) consid]able hum\r4 ,bo? pictures display signs ( "s ha/e 9 ! execution1 b !y mu/ h s]v$ ! purpose = :i* !y 7 int5d$ admirably4 ,?\gh slight works1 !y h und\bt$ *>m1 &1 small z !y are1 ! y\?ful pa9t] has manag$ to give consid]able expression 9 bo? ! faces & ! ge/ures ( 8 figures1 :ile ! light :i* comes ?r\gh ! w9d[s is well manag$4 ,?is sign-bo>d1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,nos4 #caj-aa71 has be5 split into two1 9 ord] t bo? sides may be exhibit$4#abd ,:5 9 actual use x mu/ h hung f an iron b> ov] ! pavem5t4 ,x is q possible t x 0 pa9t$ = ,oswald ,molitor1 :o1 z already po9t$ out1 0 at t "t 9 ,basel1 engag$ 9 tea*+4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ad4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,back ,,& ,,front ,,( ,a ,,s*oolma/]',s ,,hang+ ,,sign #aeaf ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ae4 ,illu/ration3 ,,d\ble ,,portrait ,,( ,,jakob ,,mey] ,,& ,,8 ,,second ,,wife1 ,,doro!a ,,kann5giess] #aeaf ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,mey] ,,& ,,8 ,,wife ,a mu* m important "w ( ! same ye>1 #aeaf1 also 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cab71abe is ! d\ble portrait ( ! ,burgoma/] ( ,basel1 ,jakob ,mey] or ,mei] 8zum ,has510 s call$ f ! sign ( a h>e :i* hung ^u 8 h\se1 & 8 second wife1 ,doro!a ,kann5giess] 7,pl4 #ae74 ,?is new patron ( ,holbe9's prov$ to be an excell5t fri5d1 giv+ him m ?an "o commission1 & obta9+ important public "w = him4 ,mey] 0 a man ( influ5ce 9 ,basel1 & 0 ! fir/ citiz5 n ( knightly bir? to be elect$ z burgoma/]4 ,8 election took place 9 #aeaf1 & x 0 no d\bt 9 hon\r ( ?is ev5t t he ord]$ ! portraits4 ,he 0 aga9 elect$ to ! po/ 9 #aeah & #aebj--no "o 0 all[$ to fill x = two ye>s 9 succession2 b 9 #aeba he fell into disgrace1 ?r\gh secretly accept+ a high] p5sion f ! ,fr5* k+ ?an ! laws ( ! city all[$4 ,= ?is he 0 dismiss$ f (fice1 & made to refund ! money1 ) ! exception ( ! fifte5 cr[ns :i* 0 ! p]mitt$ sum4 ,object+ to ?is treatm5t1 he 0 clapp$ into prison1 & 0 only releas$ on 8 family pay+ a f9e4 ,dur+ 8 burgoma/]%ip _m important *anges took place 9 ! municipal gov]nm5t ( ,basel1 & ! ,*ur* & ! nobility 7 gradually depriv$ ( all _! privileges4 ,9 8 y\ng] days he _h s]v$ z a soldi] 9 ,italy ) "s di/9ction1 & aft] 8 deprivation ( (fice he w5t !re aga91 9 #aebd1 z capta9 ( a ,basel troop 9 ! pay ( ,france4 ,on 8 return home he attempt$ )\t success to obta9 ! annulm5t ( ! decree aga9/ him ( exclusion f all public (fices2 & dur+ ! religi\s di/urbances ( #aebi he 0 at ! head ( ! ,ca?olic p>ty1 !n 9 arm$ opposition to ! ,re=m]s4 ,! reasons :i* induc$ ,mey] to *oose ,holbe9 z ! pa9t] ( ! portraits ( himself & 8 "y1 comely1 & newly-m>ri$ wife1 :5 !re 7 old] pa9t]s ( repute 9 ! t[n1 are n kn[n2 b 8 fir/ wife1 ,magdal5a ,ba]1 _h be5 a si/] ( ! ,hans ,ba] = :om ! ,zri* table _h be5 pa9t$1 & x may h be5 ow+ to ?is connection t ! "y arti/ obta9$ 8 fir/ introduction to ! burgoma/]4 ,9 ! portraits1 :i* 7 pa9t$ & fram$ z a dipty*1 ,mey] & 8 wife are %[n at half-l5g? & ?ree-qu>t]s face1 turn$ t[>ds "o ano!r4 ,mey] is we>+ a black dress1 op5 at ! front to %[ 8 :ite1 gold-embroid]$ %irt1 & a sc>let cap on 8 bu%y1 curly br[n hair1 :i* cov]s 8 e>s4 ,he is clean-%av51 & holds 9 8 left h& a co91 :i* is introduc$ to indicate 8 call+ z a money-*ang]1 & also1 x is suppos$1 to commemorate ! *>t] grant$ to ! ,basel]s 9 ,janu>y #aeaf = ! m9tage ( gold co9s4 ,on ! same h& he we>s sev]al heavy gold r+s4 ,8 eyes are d>k br[n1 & 8 complexion ( a ruddy hue1 & 8 face %[s %rewdness & /r5g? ( "*1 :ile ! eyes are intellig5t & det]m9$4 ,8 wife we>s a r$ dress1 front$ & edg$ ) a broad b& ( black velvet across ! brea/1 embroid]$ ) circles ( gold ornam5tation4 ,! dress is cut l[1 to %[ a :ite "u-bodice work$ 9 elaborate designs1 ) hang+ tassels & a b& ( gold embroid]y ( a he>t-%ap$ patt]n4 ,h] hair & e>s are cov]$ ) a l>ge :ite cap ( ?9 l95 decorat$ ) b&s ( gold ( a *eck$ design1 ( ! hood$ %ape common 9 ,switz]l& at t p]iod1 ) a long :ite fall :i* is br\ght ov] ! "r %\ld] & rea*es ! wai/4 ,r\nd h] neck hang two ?9 *a9s1 "o ( gold & "o ( pe>ls1 ! ends ( :i* are hidd5 b5ea? ! bodice4 ,h] h&s are n %[n4 ,?\gh n /rik+ly h&some1 %e has y\? & good looks 9 h] fav\r4 ,! two portraits are plac$ aga9/ "o cont9u\s ar*itectural backgr\nd1 se5 9 r /rong p]spective4 ,9 ! c5tre an elaborate gilt frieze ( ,r5aissance ornam5tation is support$ by %ort pill>s ( r$ m>ble1 & on ei!r side l>g] columns1 also decorat$ ) gild$ c>v+1 =m ! supports ( two ar*es4 ,?r\gh ^! ! blue sky is se51 aga9/ :i* ! wife's head /&s out 9 /rong col\r contra/4 ,ow+ to ! p]spective arrangem5t1 ! op5+ is small] 9 ! portrait ( ,mey]1 b "p ( 8 r$ cap is plac$ aga9/ ! blue sky ) equally /rik+ effect4 ,! signature1 8,h4,h410 & ! date1 8#aeaf10 are plac$ on a small %ield 9 ! entablature ov] ,mey]'s head4#abf ,9 ^! two portraits--! e>lie/ 9 po9t ( date :i* c be ascrib$ to him ) absolute c]ta9ty--,holbe91 ?\gh n yet tw5ty ye>s old1 %[s himself to be already a ma/] ( portraiture4 ,! qualities !y possess are ! same1 ?\gh n yet p]fectly develop$1 z ^? :i* are to be discov]$ 9 su* complete p]fection 9 ! "w ( 8 maturity4 ,!y %[ t he _h already ! p[] ( seiz+ "*1 & 0 accurate & unhesitat+ 9 draughtsman%ip4 ,all ! details1 m p>ticul>ly ! elaborate ornam5ts ( ! woman's dress1 are drawn ) a tru? & delicacy t already falls b little %ort ( ! brilliance ( 8 te*nique 9 su* a ma/]piece ( portraiture z ! ,georg ,gisze 9 ,b]l91 or ! ,jane ,seym\r 9 ,vi5na4 ,! col\r1 ?\gh ri* & /rongly contra/$1 is h>moni\s & delicate 9 ! g5]al effect x produces4 ,! :ole "w1 inde$1 gives ! impression t x is f ! h& ( an arti/ :o is already sure ( 8 me?ods4 ,!re is no?+ falt]+ ab\t x1 & few indications t ! pa9t] 0 /ill only on ! ?re%old ( 8 c>e]4 ,all t 0 to come 9 ! future 0 a deep] insight into nature1 a great] p]fection ( me?ods :i* 9 ! ma9 7 to rema9 unalt]$ ?r\gh\t 8 life1 & a m brilliant und]/&+ & application ( ! lessons ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance to ! m decorative portions ( 8 pictures4#abg ,sid5ote3 ,,/udies ,,= ,,! ,,mey] ,,portraits ,! rapidity ) :i* 8 art 0 matur+ is %[n m /rik+ly1 p]haps1 9 ! two /udies = ! portraits1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,pl4 #af71abh ?an ev5 9 ! pictures !mselves4 ,^! heads1 ( ! same dim5sions z ! f9i%$ works1 are ab\t half ! size ( life4 ,!y are drawn 9 silv]-po9t1 ) f9e & delicate l9es1 & equally delicate modell+ ( ! fle%1 :i* has be5 aft]w>ds t\*$ "h & !re ) r$ *alk4 ,!y display ! utmo/ c>e & precision1 ?\gh ! l9e is less subtle & se>*+ ?an x is 9 ! draw+s ( 8 great] ,engli% p]iod4 ,!y are1 nev]!less1 extraord9>y "w = s "y a man1 & ( great beauty4 ,!y %[ a me?od ( proc$ure 9 ! tak+ ( portraits :i* rema9$ ,holbe9's almo/ inv>iable practice ?r\gh\t 8 life4 ,he always made ^! prep>atory draw+s--! lat] ones1 ( c\rse1 ) mu* great] fre$om--9 :i* ! =m1 "*1 & expression ( 8 sitt] 7 fix$ once & = all4 ,col\r 0 occasionally indicat$1 b z a rule all t he did 0 to jot d[n on ! m>g9 ( ! pap] a few notes = future guidance4 ,?us on ! draw+ ( ,mey]1 he has writt5 notes z to ! col\r ( ! hair1 eyebr[s1 & cap4#abi ,x 0 8 habit1 app>5tly1 to rely ^u 8 memory & ^! curt notes :5 he came to pa9t ! actual portrait4 ,?is me?od enabl$ him to disp5se ) _m sitt+s2 aft] a few h\rs sp5t 9 close obs]vation ( 8 subject1 he _h obta9$ all ! in=mation he want$4 ,= ! re/1 he dep5d$ on :at mu/ h be5 a rem>kable memory bo? = col\r & =m4 ,dur+ #aeag ,holbe9 left ,basel1 & 0 abs5t = a consid]able "t4 ,!re is "o "w by him1 h[ev]1 ( ?is ye> :i* 9 all probability 0 pa9t$ be=e 8 dep>ture1 z x belong$ to ,bonifacius ,am]ba*4 ,?is is ! 8,adam & ,eve0#acj ( ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cac7 7,pl4 #ag71 :i* is pa9t$ 9 oils on pap]4 ,x is ent]$ 9 ! ,am]ba* catalogue z3 8,e9 ,adam vnd ,eva mit dem pfel ,h4 ,holb4 vf holz mit olf>b40 ,x is a /udy f life ( ! head & %\ld]s ( ! same models us$ = ! heads ( ,/4 ,john & ! ,virg9 already describ$1 :ile ! 8,adam0 also s]v$ z model = ! head ( ,*ri/ 9 8,! ,sc\rg+0 ( ! e>ly ,passion s]ies on canvas4 ,eve1 ) a long curl ( fair hair fall+ ov] h] "r %\ld] & brea/1 holds ! apple 9 h] left h&1 h] face be+ ( a r dull & heavy type4 ,adam1 ) d>k curly hair1 & a long m\/a*e :i* drops bel[ 8 *91 & head slightly b5t1 has 8 "r arm flung across ,eve's %\ld]s4 ,! g5]al tone is br[ni%1 b consid]able effect is produc$ by ! contra/ betwe5 ! d>k complexion ( ,adam & ! blond] tones ( ,eve's fle%4 ,x is boldly & ?9ly execut$1 & ! l9es ( ! draw+ are /ill pla9ly to be di/+ui%$ ?r\gh ! pa9t4 ,! f+]s ( ,eve's h&1 ) high lights on ! nails1 are excell5tly modell$1 already giv+ indications ( :at aft]w>ds became "o ( ! *ief features ( 8 portraiture1 ! beauty & "* ( ! h&s4 ,bo? heads /& out aga9/ a backgr\nd :i* is n[ black4 ,x is sign$ & dat$1 8#aeag1 ,h4,h40 ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out ! /rong influ5ce ( bo? ,baldung & ,dr] ?is small /udy betrays4#aca ,x also be>s a curi\s resemblance to ! heads 9 ! well-kn[n picture ( 8,adam & ,eve0 by ,mabuse at ,hampton ,c\rt#acb 7,no4 #che 7#ehj771 ?\gh ! position ( ! two figures is rev]s$4 ,x is se5 m p>ticul>ly 9 ,adam's mass ( d>k hair cov]$ ) small curls1 ,eve's long r+lets1 ! expression ( pa9 on ! faces1 & ! position ( ,adam's arm across ,eve's %\ld]s4 ,!re is ano!r v simil>1 b small]1 8,adam & ,eve0 by ,mabuse 9 ! ,b]l9 ,gall]y 7,no4 #ffa71 display+ a composite art1 half ,flemi% & half ,italian1 :i* is sign$ & dat$ #aeaf4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #af4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jakob ,,mey] ,/udies = ! ,d\ble ,portrait1 #aeaf ,silv]-po9t & r$ *alk draw+s ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,doro!a ,,kann5giess] ,/udies = ! ,d\ble ,portrait1 #aeaf ,silv]-po9t & r$ *alk draw+s ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ag4 ,illu/ration3 ,,adam ,,& ,,eve #aeag ,,basel ,,gall]y ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,"w ,,9 ,,luc]ne ,,& ,,! ,,visit ,,to ,,lomb>dy ,holbe9 leaves ,basel = ,luc]ne--,ambrosius ,holbe9--,! kn[n facts ( 8 %ort life--,8 pictures1 designs1 & woodcuts--,records ( ,hans 9 ,luc]ne--,8 decoration ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se--,description ( ! wall-pa9t+s--,portrait ( ,b5$ikt von ,h]t5/e9--,holbe9's visit to ,nor? ,italy--8,! ,la/ ,supp]0 at ,basel1 & ,leon>do's influ5ce--,evid5ces ( 8 ,italian j\rney 9 8 designs = pa9t$ glass--,possible visit to ,altorf--,return to ,luc]ne--,draw+s ( ! 8,ar*angel ,mi*ael0 & ( 8,m9]s at ,"w0--,pictures pa9t$ = ! ,*ur* ( ! ,augu/9es 9 ,luc]ne4 ,,9 #aeag ,holbe9 left ,basel1 & 0 abs5t = ne>ly two ye>s4 ,= ! great] "p ( ! "t he 0 9 ,luc]ne1 b traces ( him are to be f\nd 9 o!r p>ts ( ,switz]l&1 & x is practically c]ta9 t he also paid a %ort visit to ,lomb>dy4 ,x is possible1 too1 t dur+ ?is "t he may h return$ to ,basel m ?an once = a few weeks 9 connection ) 8 "w = ,frob5 & o!r publi%]s4 ,:e!r he left ,basel 9 ! fir/ place because he f\nd t x gave him less employm5t ?an he _h expect$1 or f a _s ( pure adv5ture1 or1 aga91 on acc\nt ( ! (f] ( "s def9ite commission1 su* z ! decoration ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se1 is n kn[n2 b ! la/-nam$ reason is ! mo/ probable "o1 = x _c be said t 8 tal5ts _h be5 unrecognis$ 9 ,basel4 ,al?\gh !re is no record ( any e>li] wall-pa9t+s ?an ^? he 0 n[ to complete 9 ,luc]ne1 x is q possible t ! two bro!rs _h already c>ri$ out "w ( ?is nature1 & t ,jakob von ,h]t5/e9 _h se5 x & _h admir$ x1 & s decid$ to employ "o or bo? ( ! "y m5 to decorate 9 l fa%ion ! new mansion he _h j complet$4 ,ev5 if ?is 7 n ! case1 ,luc]ne at t "t (f]$ ne>ly z _m inducem5ts to a "y arti/ z ,basel itself4 ,! two t[ns 7 closely alli$1 & arti/s & le>n$ s*ol>s con/antly pass$ backw>ds & =w>ds betwe5 !m2 & ,holbe9 _h at lea/ "o acqua9tance 9 ,luc]ne1 ,oswald ,molitor1 :o _h rec5tly return$ f ,basel to 8 native city1 & 0 practis+ !re z a s*oolma/]4 ,!re is an old leg5d 9 ,luc]ne t at ?is p]iod ! eld] ,holbe9 0 liv+ 9 ! t[n ) 8 two sons1 b x does n appe> to h any f\ndation 9 fact4#acc ,!re is mu* m probability t ,ambrosius accompani$ ,hans1 or foll[$ him %ortly aft]w>ds1 & rema9$ = "s "t at "w ) 8 bro!r on ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se2 ?\gh "h aga9 !re is no actual record ( su* an abs5ce f ,basel4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a f9e draw+ by him 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #big71 a half-l5g? figure ( a "y man ( ! ,von ,rdiswil] family1#acd :i* is ?\ght to af=d "s pro( t ,ambrosius 0 9 ,luc]ne at ! "t1 = ! ,rdiswil] family 0 "o ( ! mo/ important 9 ! di/rict1 _! *ief seat be+ at ,rdiswil4 ,memb]s ( ?is h\se 7 settl$ bo? 9 ,luc]ne & ,solo?urn1 & x is suppos$ t ,ambrosius drew ! portrait ( ?is y\? ( patrician bir? 9 ! =m] t[n dur+ #aeag4 ,! sitt] is %[n 9 pr(ile1 9 a heavy br[n cloak1 we>+ 8 cap on ! side ( 8 head4 ,8 fair /raight hair cov]s 8 e>s1 & he holds a l>ge r$ he>t 9 8 h&4 ,! draw+ has at "s "t be5 cut out r\nd ! outl9e & m\nt$ on p>*m5t1 & ! inscription 9 secret ciph]1 bel[ ! coat ( arms1 _h be5 copi$ at ! same "t f ! "o :i* exi/$ on ! orig9al draw+ be=e ! cutt+ out took place4 ,ambrosius1 h[ev]1 mu/ h be5 back aga9 9 ,basel by ! summ] ( #aeah1 = 9 t ye>1 on ,june #f1 he pur*as$ 8 "r ( citiz5%ip4 ,! fir/ m5tion ( him 9 ! t[n books is on ,septemb] #bf1 #aeaf1 :5 8,ambrosy ,holbe9 von augspurg1 e9 mal]10 appe>$ 9 c\rt z a witness 9 a libel action br\ght by ,ba/ian ,lepzelt]1 ! sculptor1 aga9/ a tailor1 ,&reas ,hub]1 = insult+ rem>ks made on ! previ\s #be? ( ,july1 :5 ! pla9tiff1 ,ambrosius1 & ano!r fri5d1 7 enjoy+ !mselves 9 ! h\se ( ,hans ,h]b/]4#ace ,ambrosius may p]haps h be5 work+ z a j\rneyman "u ,h]b/] at ! "t4 ,he jo9$ ! ,pa9t]s' ,guild 8zum ,himmel10 to :i* bak]s1 saddl]s1 & b>b]-surgeons also belong$1 on ,/4 ,mat?ias' ,day1 ,febru>y #bd1 #aeag4 ,! entry 9 ! book ( ! guild runs z foll[s3 8,item es hatt entpfang5 die zunfft vff sant ,matti/ag ambross ,holbe9 mal] von augspurg ,9 dem xvii ,jor40 ,accord+ to an ord] ( ! ,basel ,c\ncil issu$ 9 #adhg1 any "o ent]+ a guild 0 oblig$ to take oa? to pur*ase ! fre$om ( ! city )9 a mon?4 ,?is ,ambrosius did n d until ! foll[+ ye>1 :i* possibly indicates t he left ! t[n %ortly aft] jo9+ ! guild1 e>ly 9 #aeag1 )\t fulfill+ 8 obligations4 ,x may be t he _h n suffici5t money = ! paym5t ( ! fees1 = :51 on ,june #f1 #aeah1 he became a burgh]1 he 0 only able to f9d "o guld5 out ( ! f\r :i* 7 requir$1 ,jrg ,s*weig]1 ! goldsmi?1 ^: portrait1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #bif71acf he pa9t$ ab\t ?is "t1 /&+ surety = ! rema9d]4 ,! portrait may h be5 tak5 z "s return = ! k9dness %[n on ?is occasion4 ,x %\ld be not$1 h[ev]1 t ?is portrait is n attribut$ to ,ambrosius by all critics1 & diff]s to "s ext5t f 8 accu/om$ /yle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,! entry 9 ! ar*ives runs z foll[s3 8,item d hat burckre*t kufft ,ambrosy ,holbe9 d] mol] uff ,sundag na* corporis ,xpi ,im xviij jor umb iiij gld5 und hat b> g5 j gld5 und sol al fronfa/5 j ort bitz zu bezallung d(r i/ brg und s*uldn] mei/] ,j]g s*weig] d] golds*mit40 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ah4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,two ,,bro!rs ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,?is is ! la/ ref]5ce to ! eld] bro!r s f> discov]$ 9 ! (ficial ar*ives1 & z no "w by him ( a date lat] ?an #aeah is kn[n1 x is suppos$ t he di$ 9 t ye> or e>ly 9 #aeai4 ,app>5tly ! la/ "w ^u :i* he 0 engag$ 0 a s]ies ( woodcut illu/rations = ! ,geu*matt ( ,?omas ,murn]1 :i* 0 publi%$ by ,adam ,petri 9 ,basel 9 ,april #aeai4 ,! fir/ f\r only ( ! illu/rations to ?is book#acg 7 design$ by ,ambrosius1 :i* w\ld seem to indicate t he di$ be=e he _h complet$ ! commission4 ,! only o!r supposition1 & a mo/ improbable "o1 is t he sudd5ly left ,basel at ab\t ?is "t 9 se>* ( bett] =tune else:]e1 ?\gh no traces ( su* removal h s f> be5 discov]$4 ,almo/ all ! few works :i* c be attribut$ to him ) any c]ta9ty are n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,9 addition to ^? already m5tion$1 !re are two *>m+ half-l5g? portraits ( small boys 9 a ,r5aissance framework 7,nos4 #bid-e7 7,pl4 #ah71ach = "o ( :i*1 ! boy turn$ to ! left1 ! silv]-po9t draw+ is 9 ! ,alb]t9a1 ,vi5na1#aci :ile a simil> /udy = ! o!r1 rec5tly publi%$ = ! fir/ "t by ,dr4 ,willy ,hes1 is 9 ! ,rodriguez ,collection1 ,p>is4#adj ,a half-l5g? portrait ( a little girl1 9 a simil> framework1 also publi%$ = ! fir/ "t by ,dr4 ,hes1 is 9 ! ,ambras] ,collection1 ,vi5na1 b n exhibit$4#ada ,! /rong lik5ess to ! two lads proves almo/ conclusively t %e 0 _! si/]4 ,on ! m$allion :i* hangs f a *a9 r\nd h] neck are ! initials ,h4 ,v4 ,s f>1 no prelim9>y draw+ = ?is portrait has be5 discov]$4 ,9 ! ,basel ,gall]y !re are also 8,! ,savi\r z ! ,man ( ,sorr[s0 7,no4 #bib71adb an oil-pa9t+ adapt$ f ! title-page to ,dr]'s 8,great ,passion0 s]ies2 & a /udy ( two dea?'s heads beh9d a trellis$ w9d[ 7,no4 #bii74adc ,bo? pictures =m "p ( ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 b ! latt] is n reg>d$ z ! "w ( ,ambrosius by ,dr4 ,hes4 ,a some:at simil> picture1 attribut$ to ,hans1 0 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 & 0 ent]$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8,te/a de ,morte con osse40 ,! portrait ( ,hans ,h]b/]1 also at ,basel 7,no4 #bic71add :i* has be5 already m5tion$1 0 at "o "t reg>d$ z a "w by ,hans ! ,y\ng]1 b s9ce its pur*ase = ! ,basel ,gall]y x has be5 giv51 m correctly1 to ! eld] bro!r4 ,dr4 ,hes1 h[ev]1 consid]s t x is n 8 "w1 b r a portrait ( ,h]b/] pa9t$ by himself4#ade ,x is a bu/ portrait1 turn$ to ! "r1 repres5t+ a middle-ag$ man ) long br[n hair & a l>ge bu%y be>d1 we>+ a d>k dress & a r$ cap ov] 8 "r e>4 ,he is plac$ "u an ar*way ( ,r5aissance ar*itecture1 8 head /&+ out aga9/ ! blue sky se5 ?r\gh ! op5+4 ,f ! top ( ! pill>s :i* support ! ar* hang two fe/oons ( fruit & leaves held by small amor9i4 ,above ! heads ( ^! boys two small tablets are susp5d$1 "o conta9+ ! date1 8#aeaf10 & ! o!r ! n[ illegible rema9s ( ! pa9t]'s monogram4 ,across ! bottom is ! inscription1 8,,ioannes ,,h]b/] ,,pictor ,,opor9i ,,pat]10 ! la/ words ref]r+ to 8 son1 ! well-kn[n s*ol> ( ,basel1 :o aft]w>ds turn$ pr9t]1 & ,lat9is$ 8 "n to ,opor9us4 ,h]b/] himself1 l ! ,burgoma/] ,mey]1 _h tak5 8 "p 9 ! ,italian w>s1 & 0 9 ! battle ( ,pavia 9 #aeab4 ,9 addition to sev]al draw+s already describ$1 ! ,basel ,gall]y also possesses a *>m+ /udy 9 silv]-po9t & r$ *alk ( a "y girl1 inscrib$ 8,,anne10 & dat$ #aeah1 9 :i* a v t5d]1 delicate feel+ = ! beauty ( *ildhood is %[n 7,pl4 #ai72adf ! head ( a "y woman 9 a hood 9 pr(ile to ! left2#adg a v f9e draw+ ( ! head ( a "y man turn$ slightly to ! left1 we>+ a black cap on ! side ( 8 head1 sign$ & dat$ #aeag2adh & a design = pa9t$ glass1 repres5t+ ! f\ndation ( ! city ( ,basel 7,pl4 #bj71adi a p5 draw+ lightly t\*$ ) col\r1 :i* 0 =m]ly attribut$ to ,hans4 ,9 ! c5tre are ! arms ( ,basel1 support$ by basilisks1 "u an ar*way 9 c\rse ( build+1 :i* is decorat$ ) a s]ies ( empty %ields = coats ( arms4 ,9 ! l&scape backgr\nd on ei!r side are m5 engag$ 9 erect+ build+s on ! riv] bank1 & 9 ! =egr\nd is a boat fill$ ) soldi]s4 ,! comm&] ( ?is troop1 ! leg5d>y f\nd] ( ! t[n1 has ! "n 8,basilius0 engrav$ ^u 8 brea/plate4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important ( ! few pa9t+s by him :i* h be5 s f> trac$1 is ! portrait ( an unkn[n "y man 9 ! ,royal ,h]mitage ,gall]y 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg 7,pl4 #ba74aej ,! sitt] is turn$ ?ree-qu>t]s to ! left1 "u a ,r5aissance arcad+1 & is we>+ a gre5 dress & :ite %irt ornam5t$ ) lace4 ,on 8 black hat are ! initials 8,f4 ,g40 or 8,c4 ,i4 ,e40 7874 ,8 "r h& re/s on ! iron pommel ( 8 sword4 ,9 ! di/ance is a m\nta9\s l&scape ) a palace or l>ge build+ ( elaborate ,r5aissance ar*itecture1 & on a column hangs a tablet ) ! inscription1 8,,etatis4 ,,sve4 ,,xx4 ,m4,d4 ,,xviii40 ,f ! ar* above 8 head is susp5d$ a g>l& ( leaves b\nd r\nd ) ribbon1 to :i* is atta*$ a small c>t\*e ) ! monogram ,,ahb1 ( :i* ! ,h is ! mo/ di/9ct lett]4#aea ,! draw+1 m5tion$ above1 sign$ & dat$ 8#aeag ,,ah10 0 consid]$ by ,woltmann to be a /udy = ?is portrait1 & !re is c]ta9ly a /rong lik5ess betwe5 ! two4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! =egr\nd ar*itectural sett+1 & ! position ( ! g>l& support+ ! c>t\*e1 ( :i* only ! left-h& loop is %[n1 prove t ! picture =m$ "o ( a pair1 ! miss+ half 9 all probability conta9+ a portrait ( ! "y man's wife4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ai4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,girl1 8,,anne10 #aeah ,silv]-po9t & r$ *alk draw+ ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,f\nd+ ,,( ,,basel ,design = ,pa9t$ ,glass ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ba4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,"y ,,man #aeah ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,,royal ,,h]mitage ,,gall]y1 ,,/4 ,,pet]sburg ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,illu/ration ,,to ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m',s 8,,utopia0 ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,f a woodcut 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,ambrosius ,,holbe9 ,9 addition to works ( ?is nature1 ,ambrosius produc$1 dur+ ! few ye>s he 0 9 ,basel1 a consid]able numb] ( designs = title-pages1 initial lett]s1 & o!r decorations = books1 issu$ by ,frob51 ,crat&]1 ,adam ,petri1 ,?omas ,wolff1 & ,pamphilus ,geg5ba*4 ,"o ( ! be/ kn[n is ! 8,calumny ( ,apelles10#aeb ! pa9t+ describ$ by ,lucian1 :i* be>s ! monogram ( ,ambrosius & ! date #aeag4 ,x 0 fir/ us$ 9 ,erasmus' v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 publi%$ by ,frob5 9 #aeai4 ,he _h a %>e1 too1 9 ! num]\s illu/rations & ornam5ts :i* ,frob5 provid$ = ! fir/ edition ( ,sir ,?omas ,m's ,utopia1 ^u :i* "w 8 bro!r1 ,urs ,graf1 & o!rs1 7 also engag$4 ,ambrosius 0 ! design] ( ! *>m+ little picture repres5t+ ! sc5e 9 ! g>d5 ( ,petrus gidius 9 ,antw]p 9 :i* ,raphael ,hy?lodu1 ! travell]1 is describ+ to 8 ho/ & ,sir ,?omas 8 adv5tures 9 ! isl& ( ,utopia4#aec ,a l>g] woodcut1 ) a bird's-eye view ( ! isl&1 on :i* ! *ief places are m>k$ z giv5 9 ! text1 ) ,hy?lodu 9 ! =egr\nd po9t+ out its features to gidius & ,m1 is also 8 "w 7,pl4 #bb74aed ,x is difficult 9 e case to sep>ate ! designs ( ! two bro!rs 9 ?is field ( art1 m p>ticul>ly z 9 _m in/ances !y h be5 s badly cut t mu* ( ! beauty ( ! orig9al l9e has be5 lo/4 ,9 book-illu/ration ! art ( ! two "y m5 _h mu* 9 common1 ?\gh ,ambrosius 0 nev] z p[]ful or v>i$ 9 conception z ,hans1 nor possess$ ( z great a ma/]y ( te*nical execution4 ,8 woodcuts are n s ?or\ghly imbu$ ) ! true _s ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 nor _h he ! same gift ( produc+ ! effect ( l>g5ess ( design )9 an in* or two ( space4 ,8 figures1 too1 are (t5 too %ort1 ) ! head out ( proportion to ! body4 ,yet mu* ( 8 decorative "w has consid]able *>m1 & fulfils its purpose admirably4 ,"s =ty woodcuts aft] 8 designs1 includ+ a numb] ( initial lett]s1 are kn[n1 ( :i* x is impossible to attempt any description "h4#aee ,8 skill z a design] = glass-pa9t+ has be5 already not$2 & among 8 few draw+s are two small r\ndels1 9 ! ,k>lsruhe ,gall]y1 ( 8,pyramus & ,?isbe10 & 8,h]cules & ,antu10#aef :i* are v pleas+1 & 9 _! delicate & some:at 8pretty0 h&l+ h great resemblance to a numb] ( ! m>g9al draw+s to ! ,praise ( ,folly :i* are n[ giv5 to him4 ,9 pa9t+ he 0 ov]%ad[$ by 8 y\ng] bro!r4 ,l ,hans1 he _h inh]it$ a consid]able gift = portraiture f 8 fa!r1 z ! few works ( ?is nature :i* rema9 %[ v cle>ly4 ,9 8 /udies = portraits ! draughtsman%ip is loos] & m free ?an 9 ! correspond+ "w ( ! y\ng] ,hans 9 8 e>li] ,basel p]iod1 & !re is less se>*+ aft] exact tru? ( l9e4 ,8 portraits1 nev]!less1 display an orig9al tal5t ( no mean ord]1 :i*1 _h he liv$1 w\ld h ga9$ = him a place ( "s di/9ction among ! lead+ ,g]man pa9t]s ( 8 day4 ,su* a draw+ z ! 8,anne0 is fill$ ) a v t5d] feel+1 & a sympa!tic expression ( ! wi/ful *>m ( *ildhood2 & mu* ( ! same appreciation ( y\?ful "* is to be se5 9 ! portraits ( ! two small boys 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :ile !re is a c>eful & reali/ic draw+ ( ! head & body ( a baby1 support$ by ! "m's h&1 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 evid5tly a /udy = a ,madonna & ,*ild1 :i* is v attractive4 ,x is inscrib$ 8,hans ,holbe91 #aebb10 by "s lat] h&1 ov] "s e>li] signature1 n[ oblit]at$4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,hes1 h[ev]1 x is n by ,ambrosius4#aeg ,! records ( ,hans ,holbe9's resid5ce 9 ,luc]ne are scanty ones1 b su* z !y are1 !y ext5d f #aeag to #aeai4 ,%ortly aft] 8 arrival he jo9$ ! pa9t]s' guild1 ! ,bro!rhood ( ,/4 ,luke1 :i* _h be5 =m$ 9 #aejf4 ,9 ! book ( ! confrat]nity 8 "n is ent]$ z hav+ paid "o guld5 = admission3 8,mei/] ,hanns ,holbe9 hat j guld5 g540 ,un=tunately ! ye>-date is n giv54 ,! orig9al book has disappe>$1 b a copy exi/s :i* 0 made by ,za*>ias ,bletz1 ! t[n regi/r>1 9 #aeda1 b 9 transcrib+ x he has omitt$ ! dates :i* w\ld fix ! exact details ( ,holbe9's memb]%ip4 ,8 fir/ record$ commission 0 a badly-paid "o4 ,on ! ,sunday be=e ! fea/ ( ,sa9ts ,simon & ,jude 7,octob] #bh71 #aeag1 he receiv$ "o flor9 n9e %ill+s = a design = a glass w9d[4 ,9 ! same ye>1 on ,decemb] #aj1 an entry 9 ! t[n records %[s him engag$ 9 less reputable occupation4 ,he & a c]ta9 ,casp>1 a goldsmi?1 7 ea* f9$ five livres = fight+ 9 ! /reets4 8,item ,casp> golds*mid vnnd d] ,holbe9 soll j$] #e ll4 buss als sy vb] e9 &]n zuckt h&40 ,?is same ,casp>1 "o le>ns f ! t[n books1 0 by nature a brawl]1 = he 0 9 tr\ble ( ! same k9d on m ?an "o occasion4 ,! puni%m5t 9 ?is p>ticul> case 0 heavy1 s t ! di/urbance mu/ h be5 a s]i\s "o1 & x has be5 sugge/$ t on acc\nt ( x ,holbe9 left ,luc]ne = a "t1 9 ord] t ! affair might bl[ ov]1 & t he took ! opportunity ( pay+ a visit to ,lomb>dy4 ,x is n likely1 h[ev]1 t he cross$ ! ,alps 9 ! w9t]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pa9t+s ,,( ,,h]t5/e9 ,,h\se ,9 "o ( ! rooms ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se1 at ! "t ( its demolition e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury1 !re /ill rema9$ ! date #aeag on "o ( ! wall decorations1 :i* sugge/s t 8 "w 9 ! int]ior ( ! mansion 0 well advanc$1 if n complet$1 dur+ t ye>4 ,! out] walls 7 /ill unf9i%$ :5 ,holbe9 left ,luc]ne1 = :at reason is n kn[n1 b x does n seem probable t he w\ld h ab&on$ an important commission = sev]al mon?s m]ely on acc\nt ( "s small tr\ble ) ! t[n au?orities4 ,! visit to ,italy1 x seems c]ta91 took place 9 ! spr+ or e>ly summ] ( #aeah1 aft] ! decorations ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se _h be5 well advanc$4 ,^! decorations1 z f> z c be judg$ f ! few exi/+ rema9s1 %[ a c]ta9 ,italian influ5ce1 b = ! great] "p n s /rongly t x _c be acc\nt$ = by ! tea*+ ( 8 fa!r1 ! /udy ( pr9ts & engrav+s1 & o!r second-h& s\rces4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a draw+ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 describ$ bel[1 a prelim9>y /udy ( ar*itectural decoration = ! l[] "p ( ! faade ( ! h\se1 :i*1 z ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out1 mu/ h be5 made aft] ,holbe9's return f ,italy1 = 9 x ?is new influ5ce c be se5 mu* m cle>ly & /rongly1 j z x c 9 simil> "w und]tak5 by him 9 ,basel a ye> or two lat]1 aft] a visit to ,lomb>dy _h br\ght him into p]sonal contact ) ! works ( "s ( ! lead+ ,italian ma/]s 9 pa9t+ & ar*itecture4 ,x is cle>1 !re=e1 t ! j\rney ov] ! ,alps =m$ an int]lude ( "s duration betwe5 two soj\rns 9 ,luc]ne1 ea* ext5d+ ov] sev]al mon?s1 & t dur+ ! second p]iod he complet$ ! ,h]t5/e9 wall-pa9t+s4 ,luc]ne 0 "o ( ! fir/ t[ns 9 ,switz]l& to feel ! influ5ce ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 & ! fa%ion1 copi$ f ! s\!rn c\ntry1 ( decorat+ ! fronts ( its h\ses ) wall-pa9t+s1 _h be5 adopt$ be=e ,holbe9 work$ !re4 ,z e>ly z #adce ! ,frey family own$ a h\se :i* 0 cov]$ ) su* pa9t+s2 a second h\se ) sixte5?-c5tury decorations 0 demoli%$ 9 #ahga1 :ile o!rs ( ! same p]iod reta9$ traces ( wall-pa9t+s until comp>atively mod]n times4 ,c]ta9 fragm5ts ( ?is e>ly wall-pa9t+ /ill exi/1 & !re has be5 a revival ( ! art 9 ,luc]ne 9 rec5t ye>s4 ,augsburg 0 probably ! fir/ t[n outside ,italy to adopt ?is me?od ( h\se decoration1 to :i* ! pa9t]s :o practis$ x ow$ s mu* ( ! fre$om ( _! /yle2 b _m ( ! t[ns imm$iately to ! nor? ( ! ,alps foll[$ suit 9 c\rse ( "t1 & modifi$ ! ar*itecture ( _! build+s 9 ord] to meet ! requirem5ts ( ! new fa%ion1 ab&on+ to a c]ta9 ext5t ! /ructural ,go?ic decorative =ms to :i* !y 7 accu/om$1 9 ord] to make room = ! provision ( l>ge flat wall surfaces1 brok5 only by pla9 rectangul> w9d[s & doors1 ^u :i* ! pa9t]s w\ld h free scope = _! "w4 ,x became ! habit1 too1 among ! weal?i] ( ! citiz5s1 to decorate ! inn] walls ( _! mansions 9 ! same way4 ,jakob von ,h]t5/e91 :o1 :5 he gave ! commission to ,holbe9 = ! pa9t+ ( 8 new h\se1 0 ! *ief magi/rate ( ,luc]ne1 0 a memb] ( "o ( ! olde/ families 9 ,switz]l&4 ,8 fa!r1 ,casp> von ,h]t5/e91 held _m important civic & milit>y (fices1 & l$ ! ,swiss re>gu>d at ! battle ( ,murt54 ,8 son inh]it$ _m ( 8 dignities1 & 0 also a notable soldi]1 & 9 #aeae1 9 :i* ye> he 0 mayor1 comm&$ ! m5 ( ,luc]ne at ! battle ( ,m>ignano4 ,8 ance/ral ca/le /ood on a /eep rock on ! %ore ( ! lake ( ,luc]ne1 ne> ,weggis1 & f x ! family took its "n4 ,jakob 0 m>ri$ f\r times1 9 ea* in/ance to a lady ( a patrician ,swiss family1 & 9 ! decoration ( ! faade ( 8 new dwell+1 ,holbe9 introduc$ ! coats ( arms ( all f\r ( !m4 ,9 #aeaa he pur*as$ ( ,hans ,wolf an old wood5 h\se :i* /ood on ! ,kappelplatz at ! corn] ( a small /reet lead+ to ! ,/]n5 ,platz1 ne> ! ,corn ,m>ket1 & 9 ! he>t ( ! city4 ,?is h\se he pull$ d[n1 & erect$ 9 its place a f9e /one mansion1 :i* 0 f9i%$1 & ready = its decorations1 by #aeag4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ,holbe9 obta9$ ?is commission ?r\gh ! good s]vices ( ,oswald ,molitor1 :o 0 a fri5d ( "o ( ,h]t5/e9's sons2 b1 h[ev] x may h be5 ga9$1 x 0 "o ( great importance to s "y an arti/1 & he made ! mo/ ( 8 opportunities4 ,! h\se 0 "o ( f\r /oreys1 & ! :ole ( its frontage he cov]$ ) pa9t+s4 ,x 0 /ill /&+ 9 #ahbd1 ) its decorations = ! great] "p well pres]v$2 b x 0 !n pull$ d[n1 & all t rema9s ( its pa9t$ glories is compris$ 9 a numb] ( v inadequate copies ( c]ta9 portions1 a s+le fragm5t ( "o ( ! orig9al pa9t+s1 toge!r ) a small /udy = "o ( ! pictures1 & ! ar*itectural design already m5tion$ = "p ( ! gr\nd floor decoration1 bo? f ,holbe9's own p5cil4 ,x is ?us to-day almo/ impossible to obta9 any adequate impression ( ! actual effect ( ! pa9t]'s e>lie/ und]tak+ ( importance1 z x 0 9 ! days ( its fir/ fre%ness & beauty4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pa9t+s ,,( ,,h]t5/e9 ,,h\se ,! gr\nd floor 0 left undecorat$1 ) ! exception ( ! pa9t+ ( c]ta9 ar*itectural details1 & on ! floor above1 :i* _h num]\s w9d[s ( v>y+ sizes1 & little wall space1 ,holbe9's "w 0 conf9$ to ?ree s+le female figures1 "o at ea* corn]1 & "o betwe5 ! w9d[s 9 ! middle4 ,imm$iately ov] ! w9d[s on ! left1 :i* 7 irregul> 9 arrangem5t1 ! decoration consi/$ ( ornam5ts & figures adapt$ to fit ! w9d[ cr[ns2 & on ! "r1 :]e ! w9d[s 7 consid]ably high] & /ood 9 a /raight l9e1 a long frieze ( fight+ *ildr5 0 introduc$4 ,all ^! decorations 7 pa9t$ 9 grisaille1 b betwe5 ! two gr\ps 0 a l>g] picture 9 col\rs1 ! upp] "p ( :i* ext5d$ to ! floor above4 ,?is picture 0 s arrang$ t its framework _h ! appe>ance ( a l>ge project+ bay1 semicircul> 9 %ape1 ) an ar*$ op5+ support$ by pill>s1 ?r\gh :i* a view 0 obta9$ ( :at appe>$ to be a l>ge inn] *amb] ( ! h\se4 ,)9 ?is room ,holbe9 depict$ a /ory f ! ,ge/a ,romanorum1 ! "o :i* tells ( ! old k+ :o te/$ ! love ( 8 ?ree sons & _! "r to succe$ him by (f]+ 8 dead body z a t>get to _! arr[s4 ,?is picture 0 /ill 9 a fairly good condition at ! "t ( ! de/ruction ( ! h\se1 s t f ! copy !n made x is possible to ga9 an idea ( ! arti/'s conception ( ! sc5e4 ,he repres5t$ ! :ite-hair$ mon>*1 dea?-pale 9 face1 /ill seat$ upright on 8 ?rone1 ?\gh 8 he>t has ceas$ to beat4 ,two ( ! sons h %ot _! arr[s1 & "o po9ts to ! cruel w\nd he has made1 & claims ! cr[n2 b ! ?ird1 r ?an aim at su* a t>get1 breaks 8 b[ 9 indignation1 & is acclaim$ ! victor by ! assembl$ c\rti]s4 ,on ! ?ird /orey1 betwe5 ! w9d[s1 7 plac$ ! coats ( arms ( ,h]t5/e9 & 8 f\r wives1 )9 ar*$ op5+s ) hang+ wrea?s4 ,betwe5 ! w9d[s ( ! ?ird /orey & ^? ( ! floor above x1 !re ran a long triumphal procession f "r to left1 brok5 up into gr\ps by pila/]s plac$ at int]vals1 giv+ ! effect ( an op5 arcad+ ?r\gh :i* ! pass+ %[ 0 se54 ,?is design 0 borr[$ 9 its ma9 details & arrangem5t f ,&rea ,mantegna's engrav$ 8,triumph ( ,caes>40 ,9 ?is he foll[$ 8 orig9al s closely z to clo! ! figures 9 antique co/umes1 :]eas 9 ! pictures drawn f classical s\rces pa9t$ on o!r p>ts ( ! build+1 he made use ( ! co/umes ( 8 own day4 ,on ! topmo/ /orey five pictures 7 plac$ betwe5 ! w9d[s rea*+ up to ! cornice ( ! ro(4 ,^!1 too1 7 *os5 f classical lit]ature1 app>5tly = ! purpose ( provid+ moral lessons1 n only = ! memb]s ( ,h]t5/e9's own family1 b = all ! citiz5s ( ,luc]ne :o paus$ to admire _! mayor's new resid5ce4 ,!y includ$ ! /ories ( ! trea*]\s s*oolma/] :o attempt$ to betray ! t[n ( ,fal]ii to ,camillus1 ,t>qu9 & ,lucretia1 ! self-sacrifice ( ,m>cus ,curtius1 ,mucius ,scvola be=e ,pors5na1 & ,lena1 :o bit (f h] tongue r ?an betray h] lov] ,ari/ogiton to ! judges aft] ! murd] ( ,hipp>*us4 ,! only orig9al /udy = ^! pa9t$ /ories n[ rema9+ is ! "o = ! la/-nam$ subject1 :i* is pres]v$ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,pl4 #bc 7#a774aeh ,x is a wa%$ mono*rome draw+1 9 :i* ,lena1 9 ! co/ume ( ,holbe9's own day1 /&s be=e h] two judges1 h] h& lift$ to h] tongue 9 sign ( h] det]m9ation to keep sil5ce4 ,! /ory is told ) ! aid ( b few figures4 ,a gaol] /&s ne> ,lena1 & beh9d ! two judges are two o!r seat$ m54 ,! sc5e takes place 9 a vault$ hall ) op5 ar*ways at ! back1 & has be5 clev]ly arrang$ to fill 9 ! irregul> spaces betwe5 ! brackets support+ ! cornice4 ,?is /udy is ( great int]e/1 z x m>ks a great advance 9 ,holbe9's p[] ( draw+ ! human figure :5 comp>$ ) ! s*oolma/]'s sign-bo>d ( ! previ\s ye>1 & %[s mu* great] fre$om ( draughtsman%ip4 ,! heads ( "o or two ( ! figures /ill reta9 some?+ ( ! grotesqu5ess ( type :i* *>act]ises ^? ( ! e>ly ,passion s]ies ( pictures1 b ! figure ( ,lena is a graceful "o1 & ! judge 9 ! c5tre1 9 a furr$ robe & cap1 ) "o f+] lift$ 9 admonition & a rod ( ju/ice or sword grasp$ 9 8 left h&1 is natural & dignifi$4 ,! only fragm5t ( ! actual wall-pa9t+ itself :i* n[ rema9s is a small portion ( ! ,t>qu9 & ,lucretia fresco1#aei %[+ ! latt]'s h& grasp+ ! dagg]1 ! figure ( h] husb& be=e :om %e is ab\t to kill h]self1 ! "r arm ( a woman att5dant :o /&s beh9d h]1 & "p ( ! ar*itectural backgr\nd4 ,?is fragm5t 0 built into ! wall ( ! h\se :i* replac$ ! old] "o1 & c /ill be se5 on ! upp] floor ( ! faade4 ,x is insignificant en\gh 9 itself1 & has greatly d>k5$ ) age & exposure1 b x is ( value z ! only actual evid5ce ( ! broad & vigor\s mann] 9 :i* ! :ole faade 0 pa9t$4#afj ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bc4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,designs ,,= ,,! ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,,( ,,! ,,h]t5/e9 ,,h\se #a4 ,lea5a & ! ,judges #b4 ,ar*itectural ,decoration ( ! ,gr\nd ,floor ,,basel ,,gall]y ,a second orig9al draw+ by ,holbe9 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y is a /udy = a "p ( ! gr\nd-floor faade ( ?is h\se 7,pl4 #bc 7#b774afa ,x is a p5 & wa% draw+ slightly t\*$ ) col\r4 ,gr\ps ( pill>s support a frieze ) flat c>v+ 9 ! ,go?ic mann]4 ,above ! po9t$ doorway on ! left he has ?r[n a circul> ar*1 r\nd :i* ! patt]n ( ! frieze is cont9u$1 fill$ 9 ) grotesque sculptur$ figures support+ a tablet = a date4 ,on ! "r he has plac$ an op5 loggia1 to :i* a flight ( /one /eps desc5ds1 ) squ>e pill>s1 inlaid ) m>ble panels1 on ei!r side support+ a wide1 flatt5$ ar* ri*ly ornam5t$4 ,! space ov] ! frieze on ! "r is fill$ 9 ) a procession ( nak$ boys1 "s dragg$ along by _! comrades1 & o!rs c>ri$ on litt]s1 & above ?is aga91 hang+ g>l&s ( leaves ) sw++ putti1 "o bl[+ a trumpet4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 ?is la/ motive1 z well z o!r p>ts ( ! ar*itectural design1 are rem9isc5t ( details to be se5 9 ! cloi/]s & on ! faade ( ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia1 & sugge/ t ,holbe9 mu/ h tak5 !m directly f t build+4#afb ,if ?is be s1 x proves t a "p at lea/ ( ! wall decoration ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se 0 n f9i%$ until aft] ,holbe9's visit to ,lomb>dy4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pa9t+s ,,( ,,h]t5/e9 ,,h\se ,x seems c]ta9 t ,holbe9 began 8 "w 9 ! int]ior ( ! h\se1 & t he cov]$ ! walls ( at lea/ five rooms1 *iefly on ! ?ird floor1 ) pa9t+s4 ,9 #ahbe _m ( !m /ill rema9$ 9 an excell5t /ate ( pres]vation4 ,9 contradi/9ction to ^? on ! out] walls1 !y consi/$ ( religi\s pictures1 & sc5es f anci5t fables & f ev]yday life 9 :i* hum\r f\nd a prom95t place4 ,! sacr$ decorations 7 9 a l>ge hall :i* s]v$ z ! family *apel4 ,"o ( !m repres5t$ ! leg5d ( ! f\rte5 sa9ts :o are said to h appe>$ to a %eph]d 9 #adde at a *ur* 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,bamb]g4 ,holbe9 depict$ !m 9 an elaborate l&scape1 ) m\nta9s & a *ur* 9 ! backgr\nd1 gr\p$ on _! knees r\nd ! ,infant ,*ri/1 ) ! %eph]d1 a /rik+ figure1 kneel+ 9 adoration ) 8 %eep r\nd him4 ,a second picture 9 ?is room conta9$ portraits ( ,h]t5/e91 8 wife1 & ?ree sons1 v dim9utive figures1 kneel+ be=e sev5 sa9ts1 among !m ,/4 ,b5$ictus1 ! patron sa9t ( ,luc]ne4 ,a ?ird picture %[$ a religi\s procession1 ) a bi%op & o!r ecclesia/ics1 head$ by bann]s1 issu+ f ! walls ( a t[n 9 a hilly c\ntry4 ,9 ! l>ge hall ( ! h\se1 on ! ?ird floor1 :i* at ! "t ( ! demolition 0 /ill 9 its orig9al /ate1 7 a numb] ( l&scapes ) hunt+ sc5es1 9 "o ( :i*1 a /ag-hunt1 ! anci5t ca/le ( ! ,h]t5/e9s on a hill by ! lake ( ,luc]ne 0 introduc$4 ,9 ^! sc5es portraits ( ! *ief magi/rate & memb]s ( 8 family 7 includ$4 ,9 "o ( !m ,h]t5/e91 8 f\r? wife1 & two sons1 ,b5$ikt & ,leodeg>1 all m\nt$1 are hunt+ wild ducks by ! side ( ! lake1 accompani$ by dogs4 ,husb& & wife appe> aga9 9 ! pa9t+ repres5t+ a /ag-hunt 9 ! woodl& bel[ ! ca/le at ,weggis4 ,9 a ?ird sc5e h>es are be+ hunt$ ) a pack ( h\nds ov] hilly c\ntry4 ,ne> ! fireplace 0 a repres5tation ( a subject :i* 0 popul> ) ,g]man pa9t]s--! ,f\nta9 ( ,y\?4 ,9 ?is a c]ta9 am\nt ( latitude 0 p]mitt$1 & ,holbe9 depict$ "s ( ! incid5ts ) a r\gh1 unref9$ hum\r4 ,nude m5 & wom5 are sitt+ cr[d$ toge!r 9 a small circul> f\nta91 "s /ill old1 o!rs already rejuv5at$ by its wat]s4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! bas9 rises a pill> ) a bann] be>+ ! arms ( ,h]t5/e9 & 8 f\r? wife4 ,f all sides old p come cr[d+ & hurry+ up1 "s 9 c>ts1 "s on donkeys1 "o pu%$ 9 a :eelb>r[1 & o!rs c>ri$ 9 litt]s or on ! backs ( less feeble seek]s aft] p]petual y\?4 ,9 "o in/ance an ugly old woman1 seat$ 9 a basket slung on ! back ( a /urdy "y man1 holds 9 h] arms an equally old & ugly dog1 9 ord] t x1 too1 may b5efit f ! ba?4 ,a second pa9t+ next to x cont9u$ ! /ory4 ,o!r old m5 & wom5 are cr[d$ into a long c>t drawn by f\r horses1 into ! back ( :i* a lame man has scrambl$1 :ile a second limps pa9fully aft] x4 ,9 o!r rooms ! decorations 7 s dilapidat$ & damag$ t x 0 impossible to make copies ( !m2 b !y includ$ battle sc5es1 & v>i\s ,r5aissance ornam5ts & devices4 ,9 "o ( ^! latt] rooms occurr$ ! date #aeag "u ! family %ield4#afc ,9 "o ( ! *amb]s 0 a wood5 pill>1 c>v$ ) ! lik5ess ( ,he9i von ,uri1 c\rt fool ( ,duke ,leopold ( ,au/ria1 = :i* ,holbe9 appe>s to h suppli$ ! design f :i* ! c>v] work$4 ,holl> made an et*+ f ?is draw+1 or f a woodcut ( x1 z he has inscrib$ x1 8,h4 ,holbe9 incidit 9 lignum10 :5 x 0 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 9 #afdg4afd ,9 c>ry+ out ?is monum5tal "w1 ,holbe91 9 addition to possible help f 8 bro!r1 mu/ h employ$ m ?an "o assi/ant4 ,he made1 no d\bt1 designs = e "p ( x1 & pa9t$ ! pr9cipal pictures himself1 b mu* ( ! rema9d] 0 v probably done by o!rs "u 8 p]sonal direction4 ,nor? ( ! ,alps su* "w 0 n p>ticul>ly well paid1 nor 0 great c>e display$ 9 c>ry+ x out4 ,bo? arti/ & employ] 7 satisfi$ if a good decorative effect 9 design & col\r 0 produc$2 ! =m]1 consid]+ ! l>ge am\nt ( surface to be cov]$1 c\ld n wa/e mu* "t ov] ! c>eful pa9t+ ( details1 nor 0 ! latt] prep>$ to pay m ?an a v mod]ate price = x4 ,!re is no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t ,holbe9's "w 9 ?is field 0 f> 9 advance ( any?+ hi!rto c>ri$ out 9 ,switz]l&1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! elaborate ar*itectural sett+s 9 :i* he plac$ 8 wall pictures1 & 9 ! use made ( p]spective1 s t ! sc5es depict$ appe>$ to be tak+ place )9 ! rooms ( ! h\se itself1 & ! eye 0 deceiv$ into suppos+ t a build+ ( some:at pla9 design 0 9 reality a mansion erect$ 9 ! ri*e/ /yle ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance4 ,sid5ote3 ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,9 #ahbe ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se came into ! possession ( a ,luc]ne bank] nam$ ,knrr1 :o pull$ x d[n 9 ord] to replace x by a m mod]n build+4 ,9 spite ( ! ef=ts ( a few art-lov]s1 ?is "w ( demolition 0 c>ri$ out1 & ! t[n au?orities made no attempt to /op su* an act ( v&alism1 or to save ! only surviv+ record !y possess$ ( ! art ( by f> ! greate/ arti/ _! walls _h ev] %elt]$--a record :i* to-day w\ld be rightly reg>d$ z "o ( _! greate/ treasures4 ,x 0 only ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ,colonel ,may von ,br5 & ,colonel ,k>l ,pfyff] von ,alti%(51 :o employ$ c]ta9 local arti/s to make copies ( ! frescoes be=e ! h\se 0 f9ally de/roy$1 t any record at all ( ! decorations rema9s4 ,"t & ! damp climate _h s dimm$ !m1 h[ev]1 t x 0 f\nd necess>y to wa% !m d[n ) ! t[n's fire-eng9e be=e !y c\ld be se5 cle>ly en\gh = ! arti/s to copy !m4 ,! copies1 :i* 7 made by ! ,luc]ne pa9t]s ,s*wegl]1 ,ulri* von ,es*5ba*1 ,egl91 ,m>zohl1 & an ,italian1 ,trolli von ,lav5a1 _h to be hurri$ly done1 & !y naturally possess little or no?+ ( ! comb9$ delicacy & =ce ( ! orig9als4 ,mu* ( ! purely decorative "w1 ! scroll & wrea? ornam5t1 & details 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle1 9 ! use ( :i* ,holbe9 0 to become s great a ma/]1 _h to be left uncopi$1 att5tion be+ conc5trat$ on ! pictures & figure subjects4 ,/ill1 :at 0 done 0 suffici5t to %[ some?+ ( ! ideas ,holbe9 br\ght to ! und]tak+1 ! influ5ces he came "u 9 8 *oice ( subjects1 & ! me?ods he employ$ 9 c>ry+ !m out4 ,colonel ,may p]suad$ ,u/]i1 ! pa9t] & poet1 to visit ,luc]ne 9 ord] to give 8 op9ion z to ! value ( ! pa9t+s1 b he 0 unable to d s until #ahbe1 :5 ! demolition _h already begun4 ,u/]i direct$ ! mak+ ( ! copies1 & saw to x t ! arti/s adh]$ z fai?fully z possible to ! orig9als4 ,no 8re/oration0 0 p]mitt$2 ^? p>ts :i* _h p]i%$ 7 left blank 9 ! copies4 ,! latt] 7 made ) ! view ( publication1 b !y prov$ too inadequate1 & ! s*eme 0 dropp$4 ,9 #ahea !y 7 pres5t$ by ,colonel ,may to ! t[n libr>y ( ,luc]ne1 toge!r ) ,u/]i's lett]s conc]n+ !m4#afe ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,b5$ikt ,,von ,,h]t5/e9 #aeag ,,metropolitan ,,museum1 ,,new ,,york ,sid5ote3 ,,b5$ikt ,,von ,,h]t5/e9 ,be=e turn+ to ,holbe9's j\rney across ! ,alps 9 #aeah1 ref]5ce mu/ be made to a portrait pa9t$ by him dur+ 8 fir/ resid5ce 9 ,luc]ne1 :i* is ! only "o by him s f> discov]$ be>+ ! date #aeag4 ,?is "w1 ( consid]able importance to ! /ud5t mak+ a c>eful /udy ( ,holbe9's e>ly developm5t1 is a lik5ess ( ,b5$ikt von ,h]t5/e91 "o ( ! sons ( 8 new patron1 :o 0 tw5ty-two ye>s ( age at ! "t ( ! sitt+4 ,he 0 a memb] ( ! ,c\ncil 9 ! ye> he 0 pa9t$1 & 0 sla9 at ! battle ( ,bicocca 9 #aebb4 ,?is portrait 0 acquir$ f a private collection 9 ,engl& 9 #aijf = ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,new ,york 7,pl4 #bd74aff ,he is repres5t$ /&+1 fac+ ! spectator1 ) 8 left h& re/+ on ! pommel ( 8 sword4 ,he we>s a black "u-dress & a :ite %irt ) an embroid]$ edge4 ,8 cloak or ov]coat ) wide upp] sleeves is ( crimson1 trimm$ ) d>k gre5 b&s1 & l9$ ) bright myrtle-gre5 silk4 ,8 left h& is half hidd5 by ! sleeve & ! "r arm hangs d[n1 ! h& n be+ %[n4 ,8 cap is ( black & sc>let velvet ) gold tags1 & a pla9 *a9 ( gold l9ks hangs f 8 neck4 ,he we>s six r+s on 8 left h&1 ! "o on 8 fir/ f+] be+ a signet r+ ) a coat ( arms n[ almo/ illegible4 ,! pommel ( 8 sword is ( gold & silv] ornam5t$ ) a design 9 imitation ( ,cufic script 9 ! fa%ion ( ,italian goldsmi?'s "w ( ! p]iod4 ,8 bu%y hair almo/ hides ! e>s1 & 8 eyes are small & bright4 ,! backgr\nd1 z 9 ! ,mey] portraits1 is a /udy 9 p]spective1 = ,holbe9 has plac$ him )9 ! angle ( a wall1 along ! two sides ( :i*1 ov] ! sitt]'s head1 runs a /one frieze c>v$ ) a repres5tation ( a ,roman triumph1 cr[d$ ) small figures1 9 :i* ! victor is seat$ 9 a *>iot drawn by pranc+ horses1 & 9 front ( him1 among ! soldi]s & trumpet]s1 a numb] ( prison]s l$ captive4 ,x has suff]$ r sev]ely f repa9t+4 ,! design1 an imitation ( an antique bas-relief1 0 no d\bt bas$ ^u ,mantegna's 8,triumph10 :i* ,holbe9 0 at ! same "t adapt+ = ! faade ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se4 ,a some:at simil> design1 ?\gh lat] 9 date1 is to be se5 on ! draw+ ( a dagg] %ea? 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,vol4 ii41 ,pl4 #df 7#b774afg ,! wall on ! left is 9 %ad[1 & on x1 imm$iately bel[ ! frieze1 is inscrib$3 8,,da ,,i* ,,het ,,die ,,ge/alt ,,0 ,,i* #bb ,,j> ,,alt #aeag ,h ,h ,,p+ebat40 ,?is inscription is int]e/+ z ! only "o 9 ,g]man to be f\nd on any "o ( 8 portraits1 ) ! exception ( t ( ,fall5 at ,brunswick1 & ! addresses on ! lett]s 9 "s ( ! o!r ,/eely>d portraits4 ,! picture is pa9t$ 9 oils on pap]1 & aft]w>ds m\nt$ on a panel1 a me?od n infrequ5tly employ$ by ,holbe9 9 8 e>li] practice4 ,! te*nical skill display$ 9 x is already ( a high ord]1 ?\gh ! draughtsman%ip is /ill a little lab\r$1 & lack+ 9 t ease & c]ta9ty to :i* he aft]w>ds atta9$1 :ile ! fle% t9ts are pal] & flatt] ?an 9 8 lat] "w4 ,x %[s1 nev]!less1 a di/9ct advance :5 comp>$ ) ! ,mey] portraits ( ! prec$+ ye>4 ,! draughtsman%ip is firm]1 ! col\r tones s(t]1 & ! g5]al effect produc$ is "o ( great] naturalness1 ?\gh /ill f> beh9d ! 8,bonifacius ,am]ba*10 pa9t$ two ye>s lat]1 9 subtlety ( l9e & h>mony ( col\r4 ,:5 ! picture 0 pur*as$ 9 #aijf ! "n ( ! sitt] 0 unkn[n1 & beyond ! fact t at ! beg9n+ ( ! la/ c5tury x 0 9 ! possession ( ! ,burckh>dt family1 its hi/ory has n be5 trac$2 b by means ( ! coat ( arms on ! r+ x 0 id5tifi$ ?ree ye>s lat] z ,b5$ikt von ,h]t5/e94#afh ,9 #ahbf ,ulri* ,hegn] saw 9 ,luc]ne a portrait ( 8 fa!r1 ,jakob von ,h]t5/e91 ( ! same date1 #aeag1 /ill 9 ! possession ( "o ( 8 desc5dants1 :i* he consid]$ to be an orig9al "w by ,holbe91 :i* w\ld indicate t ! arti/1 9 addition to includ+ portraits ( v>i\s memb]s ( ! family 9 ! wall-pa9t+s 9 ! int]ior ( ! h\se1 0 also commission$ to pa9t individual portraits ( m ?an "o ( !m4 ,! portrait se5 by ,hegn] has n[ disappe>$1 b o!rs ( ,h]t5/e9 /ill rema9 9 ! ,t[n ,hall & ! ,libr>y ( ,luc]ne4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 are n contempor>y lik5esses1 b lat] copies1 possibly aft] an orig9al by ,holbe9 n[ lo/4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,visit ,,to ,,lomb>dy ,! great likelihood--inde$1 ! c]ta9ty--t ,holbe91 be=e ^! wall-pa9t+s 7 f9ally complet$1 paid1 dur+ #aeah1 a %ort visit to ,italy1 is n[ g5]ally ackn[l$g$ by mo/ writ]s4 ,x is true t ,c>el van ,m&] di/9ctly /ates t 8,hans ,holbe9 nev] travell$ 9 ,italy10 & ! arti/'s e>lie/ biograph] 01 no d\bt1 correct1 if 8 words are to be und]/ood z mean+ t ,holbe9 nev] made any long soj\rn 9 t c\ntry1 or /udi$ = a consid]able p]iod "u "s ,italian pa9t]4 ,?is /atem5t1 h[ev]1 9 no way precludes a visit ( sev]al mon?s' duration to ,lomb>dy1 ( :i* ,van ,m&] 0 ignorant4 ,f ,luc]ne ! j\rney to ! foot ( ! ,alps 0 only a matt] ( a few days1 :ile traces ( 8 pres5ce 9 ,altorf1 :i* is on ! r\te to ! ,/4 ,got?>d ,pass1 /ill rema94 ,f ,altorf ! ,italian side ( ! m\nta9s c\ld be easily rea*$4 ,! influ5ce ( bo? ,mantegna & ,leon>do & ! ,milanese s*ool ( pa9t+ is unmi/akable 9 c]ta9 ( 8 pictures1 & ?\gh "s ( ?is may h be5 due to e>li] influ5ces 9 8 ,augsburg days1 receiv$ ?r\gh ,hans ,burgkmair & o!r ,g]man pa9t]s :o _h work$ 9 ,italy1 & to ! /udy ( engrav+s1 !y are n /rong en\gh to acc\nt satisfactorily = ! v m>k$ ,italian influ5ce to be se5 9 su* pictures z ! e>ly 8,la/ ,supp]10 or ! 8,v5us0 & 8,lais ,cor9?iaca0 ( #aebf4 ,! indications ( p]sonal acqua9tance ) ,italian pa9t+ & ar*itecture are ev5 m /rongly m>k$ 9 num]\s designs = glass pa9t+s1 dealt ) 9 a lat] *apt]4#afi ,x is !re=e assum$ t he cross$ ! ,alps & p5etrat$ into ! c\ntry at lea/ z f> z ,milan & its neighb\rhood4 ,inde$1 ! c>eful rese>*es ( ,dr4 ,ganz h remov$ all d\bts on ! "q4 ,! 8,la/ ,supp]0 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #caf7 7,pl4 #be71agj :i* mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) ! /ill e>li] v]sion ( ! same subject on canvas already describ$1#aga al?\gh badly damag$1 be>s 9 its composition s /rik+ a rem9isc5ce ( ,leon>do's celebrat$ fresco 9 ! refectory ( ! *ur* ( ,santa ,m>ia delle ,grazie 9 ,milan1 t x appe>s almo/ c]ta9 t ,holbe9 mu/ h se5 x4 ,?is panel pa9t+1 app>5tly ! c5tral "p ( a tripty*1 :5 x came into ! possession ( ,am]ba* 0 already 9 a badly-damag$ /ate1 due1 no d\bt1 to injuries receiv$ dur+ ! religi\s di/urbances ( #aebi1 :i* f9ally help$ to drive ,holbe9 = a second "t f ,basel4 ,x _h be5 cut 9 two1 & !n r\ghly jo9$ toge!r1 :ile a piece 0 miss+ f ei!r side1 s t to-day only n9e apo/les rema91 ?\gh ! h&s & feet & p>ts ( ! bodies ( ! o!rs are /ill to be se5 at ! sides4 ,x is describ$ 9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory z 8e9 na*tmal vf holtz mit olf>b ,h4 ,holbe94 ,i/ z]hw5 vnd wid] zusamm5geleimbt ab] unfletig40 ,9 #agej x 0 aga9 reset by ,nikolaus ,groo?1 :o repa9t$ & re/or$ x 9 a h>d & crude fa%ion1 s t x is n[ v difficult to =m any adequate idea ( ! orig9al s*eme ( col\r1 ?\gh ! heads /ill reta9 some?+ ( _! orig9al vig\r & expression4 ,! sc5e is set 9 a loggia ( pla9 ,r5aissance ar*itecture1 ! blue sky se5 ?r\gh its ar*$ op5+s1 aga9/ :i* bran*es ( fig or v9e /& out1 & a di/ant t[] on ! "r4 ,*ri/1 seat$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! table1 ) h&s spread out be=e him1 is depict$ at ! mom5t :5 he exclaims1 8,"o ( y %all betray me40 ,?is figure1 bo? 9 ! expressive ge/ure ( ! h&s1 ! position ( ! body1 & ! type ( features1 foll[s closely ! great] figure :i* evid5tly inspir$ x4 ,! gr\p ( ,/4 ,john1 ,/4 ,pet]1 & ,judas is also bas$ on ! correspond+ gr\p 9 ,leon>do's fresco4 ,! y\?ful ,/4 ,john1 seat$ next to ! ,savi\r1 & turn+ r\nd to li/5 to ,/4 ,pet]1 :o /&s beh9d him ) 8 h& re/+ on ,/4 ,john's %\ld]1 is admirably conceiv$ & full ( "*4 ,judas1 seat$ 9 front on ! left1 re/s 8 *9 on 8 left h&1 8 /rongly m>k$1 almo/ grotesque1 face1 convuls$ ) conflict+ passions1 & 8 "r h& press$ aga9/ ! seat z ?\gh he 7 ab\t to spr+ up & ru% f ! table4 ,! picture1 9 spite ( ! damage x has receiv$1 %[s a great advance ^u ! e>li] 8,la/ ,supp]10 bo? 9 p[] ( expression & te*nical execution4 ,9 its /yle ( pa9t+ x has consid]able aff9ity ) ! 8,noli ,me ,tang]e0 9 ,hampton ,c\rt1 m p>ticul>ly ) ! di/ant figures ( ,/4 ,john & ,/4 ,pet] 9 ! la/-nam$ picture1 :ile ! head ( ,/4 ,james1 se5 9 pr(ile1 be>s a close resemblance to t ( ! ,ris5 ,*ri/4 ,! backgr\nd1 too1 displays a decid$ ,italian influ5ce4#agb ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #be4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,la/ ,,supp] ,c5tral ,panel ( a ,tripty* ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,visit ,,to ,,lomb>dy ,/ill /rong] evid5ce ( ?is j\rney to ,lomb>dy is to be f\nd 9 ,holbe9's num]\s designs = pa9t$ glass1#agc :i* he produc$ dur+ ! next six or sev5 ye>s1 designs :i*1 9 mo/ cases1 are fill$ r\nd ! bord]s & 9 ! backgr\nds ) ri* & elaborate ar*itecture bas$ ^u ,r5aissance models4 ,x is difficult to und]/& h[ he c\ld h produc$ s mu* "w ( ?is nature1 s fill$ ) ! beauty & dignity ( ! /yle ^u :i* x 0 f\nd$1 _h he n _h at lea/ "s p]sonal acqua9tance ) ! orig9al examples ^u ! f> side ( ! ,alps1 :i* ^! draw+s ( 8 s (t5 sugge/4 ,a close comp>ison ( c]ta9 ( ^! /udies ) ! ar*itectural details ( "s ( ! spl5did ,r5aissance build+s :i* he mu/ h se5 if ?is j\rney across ! pla9s ( ,lomb>dy did 9 reality take place1 makes x almo/ c]ta91 al?\gh !re are no docum5t>y pro(s1 t he made draw+s & sket*es ( "s ( ! pr9cipal edifices ( ,milan1 ! faade & int]ior ( ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia1 ! monum5tal tombs ( ar*itectural design :i* are to be met ) ?r\gh\t ,nor!rn ,italy1 & su* ca!dral *ur*es z ^? ( ,como & ,lugano2#agd & t he mu/ h /udi$ also ! use made by ! ,italian pa9t]s ( simil> ar*itectural features 9 ! backgr\nds ( _! frescoes & pa9t+s4 ,x is difficult to believe t 8 intimate k ( ! true pr9ciples ( t /yle 7 ga9$ m]ely by ! /udy ( a few engrav+s or isolat$ pictures4 ,"h & !re1 too1 9 ^? glass designs 9 :i* ! backgr\nd is a l&scape1 !re is m ?an "o ,alp9e sc5e4 ,9 ! "o ) ! figure ( a ,pope or ,bi%op1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #ccd71age !re is a view ( ! old ,devil's ,bridge on ! ,&]matt r\te1 & ! same bridge is to be se5 9 ! 8,table ( ,cebes0 woodcut4 ,!re is a view ( ! ,rigi 9 ! backgr\nd ( ! woodcut ( 8,jacob's ,ladd]0 9 ,?omas ,wolff's edition ( ! ,p5tateu*1 #aebc1 &1 aga91 a repres5tation ( ,luc]ne 9 ! woodcut ( ! 8,new ,j]usalem10 9 ! same publi%]'s edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #aebc 7,pl4 #gj 7#c774agf ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 j\rney to & f ,lomb>dy he probably made %ort halts 9 m ?an "o ,swiss t[n4 ,hegn] m5tions pictures by him 9 ,c\trai1 ,zri*1 ,altorf1 & ,b]ne1 b ! works he enum]ates1 ) ! exception ( ! pa9t$ table at ,zri*1 are n ! "w ( ,holbe94 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 indications t he sp5t "s "t 9 ,altorf1 9 ! canton ,uri1 f :i* di/rict x has be5 sugge/$ t 8 family orig9ally came1 = ! ,holbe9 arms are almo/ id5tical ) ^? ( t canton4 ,9 ! *ur* is a 8,head ( ,*ri/10 :i* local tradition gives to ,holbe91 & 9 ! ,conv5t ( ! ,capu*9s /ill hangs a copy ( ! 8,*ri/ 9 ! ,tomb0 ( ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,! 8,head ( ,*ri/0 has suff]$ s sev]ely t x is impossible to-day to say :e!r x is f 8 h&2 ! *ur* ar*ives1 :i* are said to h conta9$ pro(s ( its au!nticity1 7 lo/ 9 a fire :i* occurr$ 9 #agii1 & did a great am\nt ( damage1 de/roy+1 among o!r ?+s1 an alt>-piece ( ! 8,crucifixion10 attribut$ to ,holbe91 pa9t$ on canvas1 "o ( ! *ief treasures ( ! *ur*4 ,! v]sion ( ! 8,*ri/ 9 ! ,tomb0 9 ! mona/]y %[s mat]ial diff]5ces f ! orig9al at ,basel4 ,! body ( ,*ri/ is no long] rigid 9 dea?4 ,he has conqu]$ x1 & ! arti/1 :oev] he may h be51 has repres5t$ him z ! giv] ( et]nal life1 by means ( rays ( light :i* emanate f ! recumb5t body4 ,above ! figure is a m$allion ) ! ,burial1 :i* be>s little lik5ess to ,holbe9's "w4 ,m4 ,pi]re ,gau?iez sugge/s t ?is ,*ri/ 0 pa9t$ by ,holbe9 :5 "u ! imm$iate influ5ce ( c]ta9 ,lomb>d pa9t]s1 b t x became s badly damag$ 9 c\rse ( "t t x 0 re/or$ & repa9t$ by "s n v skilful work]4#agg ,sid5ote3 ,,designs ,,= ,,pa9t$ ,,glass ,:]ev] ,holbe9 may h w&]$ 9 se>* ( "w1 he 0 back aga9 9 ,luc]ne e>ly 9 #aeai4 ,! t[n books conta9 records ( paym5ts made to him = ! pa9t+ ( c]ta9 bann]s & p5nons 9 ! spr+ ( t ye>4 ,x 0 a cu/om ( ! ,luc]nois to plant bann]s on ! gables & summits ( _! /reet f\nta9s1 z a signal = assembly :5ev] !re 0 "q ( w>2 &1 9 addition to ?is cu/om1 small flags ( pa9t$ clo? 7 usually to be se5 hang+ 9 su* places4#agh ,on ! #ai? ,febru>y #aeai1 ,holbe9 0 paid twelve s*ill+s = two flags ( ?is k9d1 :i* 7 hung ne> ! ca!dral1 & on ! #ba/ ,may ( ! same ye> he receiv$ "o livre1 "o s*ill+1 six hell] = bann]s = ! f\nta9 ne> ! conv5t ( ! ,franciscans4 ,x 0 r\nd ?is f\nta9 ( ! ,cordeli]s t ! %oemak]s & sell]s ( v>i\s m]*&ise _h _! /alls1 & ! neighb\r+ /reet 0 ! qu>t] ( ! glass-pa9t]s4 ,= ^! latt] craftsm5 ,holbe9 made sev]al designs4 ,!re is "o ( ^! 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #ced71 :i*1 h[ev]1 is n f ,holbe9's own h&1 b m]ely a good work%op copy4 ,x repres5ts ! /&+ figure ( ! ,virg9 ) ! ,*ild 9 h] arms1 "u an ar* ) hang+ g>l&s1 support$ by pill>s & pila/]s ) ,r5aissance ornam5t 9 l[ relief1 & appe>s to h be5 drawn 9 ,luc]ne1 = ! backgr\nd consi/s ( an admirable little l&scape /udy ) a view ( ! t[]s & ro(s & ! old cov]$ bridge ( t city1 & cl\d-capp$ m\nta9s 9 ! backgr\nd4#agi ,x 01 h[ev]1 design$ = "s citiz5 ( ,basel1 & may1 !re=e1 h be5 done aft] he _h left ,luc]ne1 & ! backgr\nd sket*$ 9 f memory4 ,x =ms ! left-h& half ( a d\ble w9d[ conta9+ ! patron sa9ts ( ,basel1 ( :i* ! "r-h& half /ill exi/s 9 ! orig9al glass 9 ! cloi/]s ( ,wett+51 repres5t+ ! ,emp]or ,he9ri* ,,ii hold+ a model ( ! m9/]1 & ) a %ield conta9+ ! arms ( ,basel at 8 feet4 ,9 its ar*itectural details ?is w9d[ agrees ) ! 8,virg9 & ,*ild0 draw+ 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 :i* is 9 p5 & wa% & lightly col\r$4 ,a second w9d[ design1 also 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 dat$ #aeah1 & sign$ 8,h4,h410 repres5ts ! arms ( ,/ate-c\ncillor ,hold]mei] ( ,luc]ne4#ahj ,"u an op5 ar*way ) pill>s inlaid ) m>ble /& ?ree peasants ) grotesque head-dresses1 busily talk+1 conceiv$ by ! arti/ ) consid]able hum\r4 ,"o re/s on 8 scy!1 ano!r c>ries a sack ov] 8 %\ld]1 :ile ! "o 9 ! middle holds a basket ( eggs4 ,ov] ! c5tre ( ! ar* is a small tablet ) ! date1 & on ei!r side ( x1 9 ! sp&rils1 peasants are %[n at "w 9 ! fields1 m[+ & reap+4 ,9 ! c5tre =egr\nd is plac$ a %ield ) ! ,hold]mei] arms4 ,a ?ird design = pa9t$ glass ( ?is p]iod ) ! arms ( ,hans ,fleck5/e9 ( ,luc]ne1 & dat$ #aeag1 is 9 ! ,brunswick ,gall]y1 & 0 l5t to ! ,holbe9 ,exhibition 9 ,basel 9 #ahig-h4aha ,two o!r exi/+ designs appe> to belong to ,holbe9's ,luc]ne p]iod4 ,! fir/ is ! v beautiful draw+ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y ( ! ,ar*angel ,mi*ael z ! ,weigh] ( ,s\ls 7,pl4 #bf74ahb ,x is evid5tly a draw+ = a wood5 /atue4 ,! ,ar*angel ,mi*ael z ! ,s\l ,weigh] 0 ! patron sa9t ( ! cloi/]s ( ,b]omn/]1 ne> ,luc]ne1 & mo/ probably1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 ?is design 0 a commission f ,holbe9's patrons1 ,pet] & ,jakob von ,h]t5/e94 ,jakob 0 fe(fee ( ! cloi/]s1 & ,pet]1 canon ( ,basel1 0 f #adhc until 8 dea? 9 #aeai also canon ( ! m9/]4 ,he _h 8 own private *apel1 to :i* he pres5t$ v>i\s works ( art1 includ+ a w9d[ ( pa9t$ glass ) a repres5tation ( ! ,ar*angel1 :i* is n[ 9 ! ,luc]ne ,museum4#ahc ,! w+$ figure ( ! y\?ful sa9t /&s erect ^u a slight c>v$ bracket1 rais+ a great sword ov] 8 head ) "o h&1 & ) ! o!r hold+ a l>ge pair ( scales j cle> ( ! gr\nd1 9 "o ( :i* is ,satan1 ) w+s & a long curl$ tail1 & 9 ! o!r a nak$ *ild ) a nimbus1 repres5t+ ! s\l4 ,/4 ,mi*ael1 too1 we>s a nimbus above 8 masses ( curl$ hair1 & gazes d[n ) a smile on ! upturn$ face ( ! ,evil ,"o1 :om he is ab\t to /rike ) 8 sword4 ,he is clad 9 cl++ drap]y1 :i* leaves "o leg b>e1 & a brea/plate ri*ly *as$ ) a ,r5aissance fl[]-&-leaf design1 a long cloak fall+ f 8 %\ld]s to ! gr\nd4 ,! figure displays extraord9>y grace & en]gy1 & 9 ! beauty ( its conception & its draughtsman%ip recalls ! be/ "w ( ! ,italian pa9t]s1 & 0 evid5tly accompli%$ imm$iately aft] 8 return f ,lomb>dy1 :5 ! /imulus ( t j\rney 0 /ill at its highe/ & /ronge/4 ,! second draw+1 9 ,indian ink1 ) p5 & bi/re outl9es1 9 ! ,briti% ,museum 7,no4 #ad71 is a r\nd composition ne>ly n9e in*es 9 diamet]1 repres5t+ m9]s at "w on ! face ( a m\nta9 side 7,pl4 #bg74ahd ,9 ! =egr\nd is a rocky plat=m on :i* two m5 are driv+ w$ges into ! rock ) hamm]s ) long pliant h&les4 ,o!rs are work+ ) small] hamm]s1 & "o1 ) a lant]n fa/5$ to 8 cap1 is m\nt+ to ! plat=m by a ladd]4 ,above !m ano!r man is asc5d+ 9 ! same way to a high] "p ( ! qu>ry1 :ile f an op5+ on ! "r a m9] is pu%+ a truck full ( ore along a wood5 bridge1 & ano!r1 d[n bel[1 is rak+ ! /one into a tray4 ,v>i\s wood5 huts are plac$ "h & !re on ! l$ges4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,e4 ,81 ?is draw+ 0 9 ,basel 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 & 0 !n copi$ by an unkn[n arti/ z an illu/ration to a manuscript book on m9+ by ,&reas ,ryff4 ,x 0 probably made by ,holbe9 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,/4 ,got?>d ,pass1 on 8 way to or f ,lomb>dy4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ar*angel ,,mi*ael ,,z ,,weigh] ,,( ,,s\ls ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m9]s ,,at ,,"w ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink1 p51 & bi/re ,,briti% ,,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,sacr$ ,,pictures ,,=m]ly ,,9 ,,luc]ne ,pat9 m5tions five pictures pa9t$ by ,holbe9 :i* 9 8 day 7 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,augu/9es 9 ,luc]ne--a 8,nativity10 ! 8,adoration ( ! ,k+s10 8,*ri/ disput+ ) ! ,doctors10 a 8,sancta ,v]onica10 & a 8,tak+ d[n f ! ,cross10#ahe b ,hegn] c\ld f9d no traces ( !m4 ,!y probably =m$ a tripty*4 ,m4 ,gau?iez sugge/s t ^! pictures 7 ! result ( 8 /udy ( ! pa9t+s ( ! ,lomb>d ma/]s1 ! titles alone sugge/+ a li/ ( works by ,lu9i4#ahf ,! la/-nam$ ( ^! pictures1 ! 8,tak+ d[n f ! ,cross0--9 :i*1 accord+ to ,pat9's description1 ,*ri/'s body 0 on ! gr\nd1 ! head re/+ on ! ,virg9's lap1 & surr\nd$ by ,m>y ,magdal5e1 ,sa9t ,john1 ,nicodemus1 & o!r p]sons1 ) ! two ?ieves /ill on ! ,cross--0 /ill 9 ! *ur* 9 ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,two sket*es exi/1 ) notes z to ! col\r1 & an inscription /at+ t !y 7 drawn 9 ,luc]ne f ,holbe9's alt>-piece 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,augu/9es by ,c4 ,mey] 9 #afdh4 ,dr4 ,ganz has rec5tly publi%$ a copy ( ?is picture1#ahg :i* is 9 ,pal]mo1 & draws att5tion to ! fact t x agrees 9 dim5sions ) ! lo/ orig9al1 :i* 0 9 ! possession ( ! pa9t] ,m>qu>d ,wo*] 9 ,basel 9 #ahcd1 at :i* "t x 0 copi$ by ! pa9t] ,hi]onymus ,hess4 ,ano!r copy1 half ! size ( ! orig9al1 0 exhibit$ at ! ,exhibition ( ,e>ly ,g]man ,art at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 9 #aijf1 & a ?ird is /ill 9 ! sacri/y ( "o ( ! ,luc]ne *ur*es4 ,9 addition1 !re is a draw+ ( ! gr\p ( ! two *ief figures1 ,*ri/ & ! ,virg91 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1#ahh a free copy ( ! c5tral gr\p ( ,*ri/ & ! ,virg91 sign$ ,h4 ,h4 ,w4 & ,h4 ,h4 ,x 0 done t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury ei!r by ,hans ,jrg ,wannewets* ( ,basel1 or ,hans ,he9ri* ,wegmann ( ,luc]ne4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,v ,,citiz5 ,,( ,,basel ,holbe9's return to ,basel--,ent]s ! ,pa9t]s' ,guild 8zum ,himmel0--,becomes a burgh]--,8 m>riage--,portrait ( ,bonifacius ,am]ba*--,! ,am]ba* ,collection--,*ur* pictures--,! 8,nativity0 & 8,adoration ( ! ,k+s0 at ,freiburg--,hans ,ob]ri$--,! alt>-piece ( ! 8,passion ( ,*ri/0 at ,basel--,italian influ5ces 9 8 "w--,! 8,noli ,me ,tang]e0 at ,hampton ,c\rt--8,*ri/ z ! ,man ( ,sorr[s0 & 8,m>y z ,mat] ,dolorosa0--,designs = sacr$ pictures or wall-pa9t+s--,! 8,dead ,*ri/ 9 ! ,tomb0--,! ,solo?urn ,madonna--,hi/ory ( ! picture--8,/4 ,ursula0 & 8,/4 ,george0 at ,k>lsruhe--,! organ doors ( ,basel ,ca!dral4 ,,9 ! summ] or autumn ( #aeai ,holbe9 0 back aga9 9 ,basel4 ,8 return may h be5 due to lack ( suffici5t employm5t 9 ,luc]ne1 or x may be t he 0 recall$ by news ( ! dea? ( 8 bro!r ,ambrosius4 ,z already po9t$ out1 no traces ( ! latt] c be f\nd aft] ?is ye>1 & x is g5]ally suppos$ t he di$ ab\t ?is "t4 ,if su* 7 ! case1 x is natural t ,hans %\ld return1 9 ord] to w9d up 8 bro!r's affairs1 & x may be1 to complete any commissions he may h left unf9i%$4 ,slight indications1 also1 ( a visit to 8 fa!r1 :o 0 !n work+ 9 ,is5heim1 n f> f ,basel1 are p]haps af=d$ by 8 designs = pa9t$ glass at ,murba* & ,&lau1 describ$ 9 a lat] *apt]1 :i* he produc$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>4#ahi ,he n[ made ,basel 8 p]man5t resid5ce1 & f t "t until he came to ,engl&1 sev5 ye>s lat]1 he 0 v busily employ$ 9 pa9t+ portraits1 alt>-pieces = *ur*es1 decorat+ h\se-fronts & int]iors1 & supply+ designs = book illu/rations1 & = ! glass-pa9t]s1 arm\r]s1 & metal-work]s ( 8 adopt$ city4 ,on ,septemb] #be1 #aeai1 he became a memb] ( ! ,pa9t]s' ,guild1 ! 8,zunft zum ,himmel40 ,! entry runs3 8,item1 ,hans ,holbe9 ! pa9t] has be5 receiv$ into ! ,guild on ,sunday be=e ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,day1 9 ! ye> #aeai1 & has sworn to pres]ve ! /atutes ( ! ,guild l e o!r ,guild bro!r ( ! pa9t]s40 78,item es hat die ,zunfft entffang5 ,hans ,holbe9 d] moll] vff suntag vor sant mi*elss ,dag im ,,xvcxix jor vnd hat ges*wor5 ,d] ,zunft ordnung zu halt5 wie e9 &] ,zunfftbrud] d] moll]40#aij ,8 coat ( arms1#aia a black bull's head ) r+$ nose1 on a yell[ or gold gr\nd1 surm\nt$ by a r$ /> betwe5 ! horns1 & ) 8,hans ,holbe9 de mall]0 inscrib$ above x1 pa9t$ at ! "t he 0 admitt$ a memb]1 rema9$ 9 ! ,guild ,*amb] until mod]n times1 & is n[ 9 ! ,basel ,hi/orical ,museum4 ,! entrance fee 0 "o p\nd ?ree %ill+s4 ,he soon appe>s to h become an important memb] ( ! confrat]nity1 = 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 on ,june #be1 #aebj1 he 0 elect$ *amb]-ma/] ( ! ,guild1 z set =? 9 ! treasur]'s book4 ,a few days aft]w>ds1 on ,july #c1 #aebj1 he obta9$ ! rights ( citiz5%ip2 probably a resid5ce ( twelve mon?s 0 necess>y be=e ! fre$om ( ! city c\ld be obta9$1 & ,holbe9 _h n[ be5 back 9 ,basel = ab\t a ye>4 ,! entry 9 ! t[n book runs z foll[s3--8,item1 ,tuesday be=e ,/4 ,ulri*'s ,day anno #bj ,hans ,holbe9 ( ,augsburg1 pa9t]1 has receiv$ ! "r ( citiz5%ip1 & has sworn 9 ! cu/om>y mann]40 78,item ,z9/ag vor ,vlrici anno ,,xx #a/ ,hans ,holbe95 von ,augspurg dem mal] das burgre*t gli*5n4 ,et juravit pro ut moris e/407#aib ,less ?an a mon? aft]w>ds 8 "n occurs1 on ! #a/ ( ,augu/ #aebj1 9 ! records ( ! ,c\rt ( ,ju/ice4 ,! wife ( ! pa9t] ,mi*el ,s*uman su$ him = a debt ( eight p\nds1 :i* he 0 condemn$ to pay1 a proce$+ recall+ simil> monet>y difficulties 9 8 fa!r's life4 ,sid5ote3 ,,becomes ,a ,,burgh] ,,& ,,m>ries ,x 0 probably ab\t ! same "t t ,holbe9 m>ri$ ,elsbe? ,s*mid1 ! wid[ ( a tann]1 ) "o son nam$ ,franz1 :o aft]w>ds foll[$ ! occupation ( 8 fa!r4 ,x appe>s possible1 !re=e1 t %e may h be5 possess$ ( "s means1 & t %e c>ri$ on ! tann]y bus9ess until h] son 0 ( age4 ,p]haps bo? m>riage & citiz5%ip 7 necess>y qualifications = memb]%ip ( ! ,guild 8zum ,himmel10 z 0 ! case ) o!r guilds else:]e1 & "s su* regulation may h be5 "o ( ! *ief causes :i* br\ght ab\t ,holbe9's e>ly m>riage4 ,9 ,breslau1 = in/ance1 a pa9t] :o wi%$ to settle 9 ! t[n z a ma/] 0 oblig$ to be m>ri$1 or if n1 mu/ h tak5 a wife )9 a ye> & a day ( 8 entry into ! ,guild1 "u a p5alty ( t5 m>ks4#aic ,additional pro( t ! m>riage mu/ h tak5 place 9 #aebj or #aeba is af=d$ by ! ,solo?urn 8,madonna10 dat$ #aebb1 = :i* ,holbe9's wife & infant son s]v$ z ! models = ! ,virg9 & ,*ild4 ,a few weeks aft] 8 admittance into ! ,guild1 ,holbe9 f9i%$ "o ( ! mo/ beautiful portraits ( 8 ,basel p]iod--t ( ,bonifacius ,am]ba*1 to ^: unfail+ admiration ( ,holbe9's art ! pres5t f9e collection ( 8 works 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y is due4 ,bonifacius 0 ! y\nge/ ( ! ?ree sons ( ,hans ,am]ba*1 ! s*ol>1 & aft]w>ds pr9t] & publi%]1 :o1 born 9 ,reutl+51 settl$ 9 ,basel 9 #adhd1 :]e he set up a pr9t+-press :i* soon became fam\s1 & attract$ a numb] ( le>n$ m51 :o assi/$ him 9 prep>+ books & translations = publication1 :i* includ$ sev]al f9e editions ( ! e>ly ,fa!rs4 ,8 ?ree sons 7 all brilliant s*ol>s4 ,bonifacius1 born 9 #adib1 0 ab\t five ye>s old] ?an ,holbe94 ,8 education 0 a v ?or\gh "o1 & :ile pursu+ 8 /udies he 0 closely associat$ ) v>i\s s*ol>s ( an old] g5]ation ?an 8 own1 su* z ,conrad ,leontorius1 ,gebwil]1 ,beatus ,rh5anus1 & ! ,franciscan monk1 ,johann ,conon ( ,nuremburg1 "u :om he /udi$ ,greek4 ,lat] on he w5t to ! ,univ]sity ( ,freiburg1 :]e he liv$ ) ,ulri* ,zasius1 :o 0 bo? 8 tea*] & fri5d4 ,he aft]w>ds cont9u$ ! /udy ( ! law at ,avignon "u ,alciat1 & at ,montpelli]1 & 9 #aebe receiv$ ! appo9tm5t ( pr(essor ( law 9 ! ,basel ,univ]sity4 ,he became a close fri5d ( ,erasmus1 h>dly a day pass+ )\t "s int]c\rse betwe5 !m4 ,! eld] s*ol>1 :o _h ! highe/ admiration = 8 abilities & le>n+1 grew to reg>d him almo/ z a son1 & appo9t$ him 8 heir4 ,contempor>y ref]5ces to him speak n only ( 8 great s*ola/ic gifts1 b ( ! mode/y & amiability ( 8 "*1 8 integrity1 8 lively wit1 & 8 tal5t = music & poetry4 ,"o su* ref]5ce1 quot$ by ,hegn]1#aid speaks ( him z a tall man1 ) a *>m+ c\nt5ance1 :o made use ( brave1 s]i\s language1 & appe>$ mode/ly attir$ 9 a long coat4 ,x is to be assum$ f ,am]ba*'s en?usiasm 9 collect+ e picture1 draw+1 & design by ,holbe9 :i* he c\ld f9d1 t ! two "y m5 became p]sonal fri5ds1 or1 at lea/1 t _! acqua9tance1 fir/ made 9 ! latt]'s pa9t+-room1 grew to be a clos] "o ?an 0 usually =m$ betwe5 sitt] & arti/ 9 days :5 ! pa9t] & 8 craft 7 n always v highly consid]$1 or 8 social /&+ m ?an a v mode/ "o4 ,am]ba* also collect$ pictures & sket*es by o!r arti/s1 & engrav+s1 co9s1 & antiquities ( all k9ds4 ,^u 8 dea? 9 #aefb 8 son ,basilius inh]it$ ! collection1 &1 inh]it+ also ! arti/ic ta/es ( 8 fa!r1 he add$1 9 c\rse ( "t1 a numb] ( important examples1 among !m v>i\s works by ,holbe91 includ+ ! copy ( ! ,praise ( ,folly ) ! m>g9al draw+s4 ,9 #aehf he drew up an inv5tory & catalogue ( ! collection1 :i* by t "t _h obta9$ consid]able reputation4 ,x rema9$ 9 ! possession ( 8 desc5dants until ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 :5 x 0 (f]$ = sale1 & 0 pur*as$ by 8 native city = ! v mod]ate price ( #ijjj rix-doll>s 9 ! summ] ( #affb4 ,9 addition to examples ( metal-"w1 ivory c>v+s1 co9s1 & v>i\s objects ( decorative art1 ! collection conta9$ =ty-n9e pa9t+s1 ( :i* fifte5 7 attribut$ to ,holbe91 & a *e/ ( ?irty-sev5 draw]s1 all full ( sket*es & engrav+s1 among !m "o hundr$ & f\r orig9al draw+s by ,holbe91 a sket*-book ) eighty-five /udies1 "o hundr$ & elev5 woodcuts aft] 8 designs1 ! illu/rat$ ,praise ( ,folly1 & two copies ea* ( ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 & 8,old ,te/am5t0 woodcuts4 ,mod]n criticism has some:at r$uc$ ^! numb]s1 b ! collection is "o ( extraord9>y value1 &1 ?anks to ! en]gy & arti/ic ta/e ( ! fa!r & son :o =m$ x1 & ?us pres]v$ _m examples :i* o!rwise w\ld h be5 scatt]$ & lo/1 x is possible = ! ,holbe9 /ud5t ( to-day to obta9 v adequate k ( mu* t ! great arti/ accompli%$ dur+ ! e>li] half ( 8 life4#aie ,sid5ote3 ,,bonifacius ,,am]ba* ,9 ,holbe9's portrait ( ,bonifacius ,am]ba*1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cad7 7,pl4 #bh71aif ! juri/ is repres5t$ to ! %\ld]s1 almo/ 9 pr(ile to ! spectator's left1 a little less ?an ! size ( life4 ,he we>s a black velvet cap & a black g[n ) a fur coll>1 op5 to %[ ! "u-ve/ ( blue-gre5 damask & small :ite ruff r\nd ! neck4 ,! f9e1 h&some face1 ) its prom95t nose1 is ( a w>m1 ruddy complexion1 & ! bu%y hair1 :i* almo/ hides ! e>s1 & ! be>d & m\/a*e1 are ( *e/nut col\r4 ,on a tree-trunk on ! left hangs a l>ge fram$ tablet ) a ,lat9 inscription1 probably compos$ by ,erasmus1 9 :i* ! picture itself is made to extol ! art ( ! pa9t] = its tru? to nature4 ,bel[ ^! l9es ! names ( ! arti/ & ! sitt]1 & ! date1 ,octob] #ad1 #aeai1 are giv5-- 8,,bon ,,amorbac*ivm ,,io ,,holbe9 ,,dep+ebat ,a ,m ,d ,x,i,x ,,prid ,,eid ,,octobr40 ,! head /&s out aga9/ a pale blue-gre5 sky1 ) ! sn[-cov]$ cre/s ( ! ,s*neeb]g 9 ! di/ant backgr\nd1 & ! bran* ( a v9e or fig-tree on ! "r4 ,! ri*ness & transp>5cy ( ! col\r is rem>kable2 x is1 p]haps1 ( all ,holbe9's portraits ! mo/ transp>5t 9 effect1 ) no trace ( ! dryness :i* sometimes *>act]ises 8 lat] "w4#aig ,9 te*nical execution x %[s a consid]able advance on ! e>li] portraits ( ,mey] & 8 wife & ( ,b5$ikt von ,h]t5/e91 ! modell+ & ! m9ute & accurate draughtsman%ip ( ! details1 su* z ! be>d & ! hair1 be+ already almo/ z ma/]ly & assur$ z 9 8 greate/ portraits pa9t$ f\rte5 or fifte5 ye>s lat]4 ,z a /udy ( "* & expression1 too1 x is v /rik+4 ,! comb9$ /r5g? & ref9em5t ( ,am]ba*'s nature1 & ! k9dl9ess & s5se ( hum\r :i* %9e f 8 deep blue eyes1 bel[ project+ br[s1 h be5 admirably r5d]$1 & 9 _m ways ! portrait %[s t ,holbe9 _h already atta9$ almo/1 if n q1 to ! full maturity ( 8 p[]s4 ,9 x1 too1 c be se5 = ! fir/ "t 9 8 portraiture ! practical application ( ! exp]i5ce he mu/ h ga9$ dur+ 8 visit to ,italy1 = 9 ! light]1 gay]1 s*eme ( col\r1 & ! *ange 9 te*nique1 :i* gradually develop$ into ! enamel-l surface ( 8 fle% t9ts :i* is s *>act]i/ic a feature ( 8 ,engli% portraits1 ! influ5ce ( ! pa9t]s ( ,lomb>dy1 su* z ,leon>do1 ,mantegna1 ,lu9i1 & o!rs1 is pla9ly evid5t4#aih ,9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory x is describ$ z3 8,me9es vatt]s cont]fehtung 9 d] iug5d ,h4 ,holbe9s vf holz mit lf>b40 ,!re is an old copy ( x 9 ! ,k>lsruhe ,gall]y4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bonifacius ,,am]ba* #aeai ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,sacr$ ,,pa9t+s ,,= ,,*ur*es ,dur+ ! fir/ ye>s ( 8 citiz5%ip ,holbe9 receiv$ a numb] ( commissions = sacr$ pa9t+s = *ur*es1 includ+ ! ca!dral4 ,= ! la/-nam$ build+ he pa9t$ ! great fold+ doors ( ! organ-case1 & possibly ! alt>-piece1 n[ lo/1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 ! w+s1 ) sc5es f ! ,passion1 rema91 among ! mo/ valu$ possessions ( ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,a /ill e>li] connection ) ! ca!dral works is prov$ by an entry 9 ! ,bi%op's c\rt-treasury acc\nts = ,septemb] #aebj2 & t at ?is "t1 only a mon? or two aft] he _h tak5 up 8 rights ( citiz5%ip1 he 0 n too pr\d to und]take tasks ( ! humble/ k9d1 is %[n by ! nature ( ! commission1 :i* 0 m]ely = ! pa9t+ ov] ( "s /onework4#aii ,only a few ( 8 sacr$ works h surviv$4 ,o!rs1 no d\bt1 7 de/roy$ dur+ ! religi\s di/urbances ( #aebi1 :5 s _m ( ! pictures & works ( art 9 ! ,basel *ur*es 7 burnt or %att]$ to pieces by ! mob4 ,old copies or engrav+s exi/ ( sev]al ( ^! de/roy$ pictures1 s t "s idea c be obta9$ ( ! orig9als4 ,9 all in/ances !y appe> to be works ( ! e>ly ,basel p]iod4 ,e>lie/ ( all1 possibly "o ( ! v fir/ pictures pa9t$ by him 9 t city1 is a 8,*ri/ on ! ,cross betwe5 ,m>y & ,john10 ( :i* !re is a copy 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,?is copy1 accord+ to ! ,am]ba* inv5tory1 0 made by a ,bav>ian pa9t]1 ,jakob ,claus]1 a contempor>y & associate ( ,holbe94 ,a pa9t+ ( 8,*ri/ tak5 ,prison]10 "s ye>s lat] 9 date1 is n[ only kn[n f an engrav+ by ,w4 ,ak]sloot1 done 9 #affd4 ,?is is a v f9e composition1 ) /rik+ effects ( light+ produc$ by ! flam+ tor*es & a l>ge lant]n c>ri$ by ! soldi]s1 recall+ ! e>li] picture 9 ! fir/ 8,passion0 s]ies on canvas1 z well z 8,! ,arre/0 9 ! ,basel alt>-piece & ! 8,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds0 at ,freiburg4 ,!re are also two et*+s by ,holl> aft] two lo/ works by ,holbe91 "o repres5t+ ! 8,lam5tations ov] ,*ri/ aft] ! tak+ d[n f ! ,cross0 7,p>!y1 #aji71 :i* appe>s to h be5 ! c5tral panel ( a tripty*1 & ! o!r a figure ( 8,/4 ,b>b>a0 9 a l&scape 7,p>!y1 #agf71 :i* be>s a close resemblance to ! glass design repres5t+ ! same sa9t 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 describ$ 9 a lat] *apt]4#bjj ,f9ally1 !re is a s]ies ( n9e pa9t+s on canvas1 repres5t+ ! ,prophets1 %[n 9 pairs1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 & com+ f ! ,faes* ,collection4 ,accord+ to ! ,faes* inv5tory1 ^! are copies made by ,b>?olomu ,s>burgh aft] ,holbe91 & ,pat9 /ates t ! orig9als1 :i* h n[ disappe>$1 7 tak5 by ,s>burgh to ,belgium4#bja ,^! copies & engrav+s h all be5 reproduc$ by ,dr4 ,ganz 9 8 late/ "w on ! ma/]4#bjb ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #bi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,adoration ,,( ,,! ,,%eph]ds ,inn] side ( ! left w+ ( ! ,ob]ri$ ,alt>-piece ,,univ]sity ,,*apel1 ,,freiburg ,,m9/] ,illu/ration3 ,,adoration ,,( ,,! ,,k+s ,inn] side ( ! "r w+ ( ! ,ob]ri$ ,alt>-piece ,,univ]sity ,,*apel1 ,,freiburg ,,m9/] ,sid5ote3 8,,! ,,nativity0 ,among ^? :i* escap$ ! fury ( ! iconocla/s only "o or two are dat$1 b all ( !m 7 produc$ betwe5 ! ye>s #aeai & #aebf4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/1 8,! ,la/ ,supp]10 has be5 already describ$2 two o!rs ( ab\t ! same date are n[ 9 ! ,univ]sity ,*apel ( ! m9/] at ,freiburg-im-,breisgau4 ,!y are ! two w+s ( an alt>-piece1 ) curv$ tops1 repres5t+ 8,! ,nativity0 & 8,! ,adoration ( ! ,k+s0 7,pl4 #bi74bjc ,9 bo? panels ! arti/ has /riv5 to a*ieve /rik+ contra/s ( light & %ade4 ,9 8,! ,nativity0 ! figures1 :i* are v small1 are plac$ amid ! ru9$ spl5d\rs ( "s palace ( ,r5aissance ar*itecture1 ) tall m>ble pill>s1 c>v$ capitals1 & %att]$ ar*es1 ?r\gh :i* ! light ( ! moon1 cl\d-obscur$1 glimm]s fa9tly4 ,! *ief illum9ation emanates f ! ,infant ,*ri/1 :o lies1 a small nude figure1 on 8 :ite-cov]$ little b$4 ,! s(t1 sup]natural brilliance lights up ! faces & figures ( ,m>y & ,joseph1 :o b5d ov] ! ,*ild 9 adoration4 ,?is unusual effect ( light+ is also to be f\nd 9 a second pa9t+ ( 8,! ,nativity0 9 ,freiburg ,m9/]1 a f9e example ( ! "w ( ,hans ,baldung ,gri51 complet$ 9 #aeaf2 & aga9 9 ,correggio's fam\s 8,night10 pa9t$ "s ye>s lat]4 ,9 ,holbe9's picture ?is light also plays ov] ! small angels :o surr\nd ! b$1 & less brightly on ! figure ( "o ( ! %eph]ds pe]+ r\nd a pill> on ! left1 & on ! und]sides ( ! ar*es ov]head4 ,! w+s ( ! att5dant angels1 in/ead ( spr++ f ! %\ld]s1 gr[ along & =m "p ( ! arms1 app>5tly an orig9al conception ( ! pa9t]'s4#bjd ,9 ! di/ance1 =m+ a radiant pat* ( light amid ! d>kness ( ! backgr\nd1 is se5 ! angel :o is ha/5+ to c>ry ! glad tid+s to ! %eph]ds4 ,above1 9 ! sky1 ! moon also b5ds & does homage to ! new-born ,*ild2 to sugge/ ?is1 ,holbe9 has repres5t$ its disc z turn$ d[n t[>ds ! b$1 & =e%ort5$4#bje ,! s\rce f :i* ?is arrangem5t 0 tak5 0 ! passage 9 ! ,apocrypha3 8,& behold ! cave 0 fill$ ) a light1 surpass+ ! brilliancy ( tap]s & tor*es & great] ?an sunlight40 ,! effect ( ! gradually dim9i%+ radiance1 :i* f9ally loses itself amid ! dimly se5 ru9s1 :]e x m+les ) ! pale effulg5ce ( ! moon1 has be5 f9ely r5d]$1 & ?\gh ! picture has suff]$ "s damage1 x /ill reta9s mu* ( its *>m1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! small figures ( ! angels ) _! graceful ge/ures4 ,9 ! 8,adoration ( ! ,k+s10 ! p]sonages are gr\p$ 9 front ( a great half-ru9$ build+1 m massive & less ornate ?an ! "o 9 ! 8,nativity10 ^: walls & brok5 t[]s1 ^u :i* vegetation gr[s1 rec$e into ! di/ance4 ,ov]head %9es ! ,/> ( ,be?lehem1 :i* has guid$ ! k+s on _! j\rney1 s bright1 9 spite ( ! cl\ds :i* p>tly veil x1 z to make ! daylight seem almo/ d>k4 ,"o ( ! memb]s ( ! ret9ue is gaz+ upw>ds at x1 & is =c$ to %ield 8 eyes ) 8 h&1 s great is its brilliance4 ,! ,virg9 is seat$ ) ! ,*ild on h] knees1 be=e :om ! elde/ k+1 an old man ) a long grey be>d1 & dress$ 9 a r$ robe & a l>ge erm9e cape1 is kneel+ 9 adoration & (f]+ a gold5 cup4 ,on ! left /&s ! ,moori% k+1 9 :ite1 wait+ 8 turn to pres5t 8 gifts1 & 9 front ( him is a greyh\nd1 :i* also is look+ t[>ds ! ,*ild4 ,! second ( ! ?ree wor%ipp]s is on ! "r1 a d>k-be>d$ man1 ) :ite ribbons flutt]+ f 8 cr[n1 & 8 (f]+ held 9 front ( him4 ,num]\s figures ( att5dants are se5 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,9 bo? pictures ! head ( ,m>y is a v expressive "o4 ,9 a n>r[ comp>tm5t at ! bottom ( ea* panel ! donor1 ,hans ,ob]ri$1 & 8 family are repres5t$ kneel+ 9 a long r[4 ,on ! "o side1 "u ! 8,nativity10 are ! donor & 8 six sons2 on ! o!r1 "u ! 8,adoration10 8 wife1 ,amalie ,ts*ekk5brl91 & 8 f\r daught]s4 ,at ! front ( ea* r[ ( figures is a %ield ) ! coat ( arms ( ! two families4 ,^! two panels1 :i* 7 once ! w+s ( an ar*$ alt>-piece1 ! c5tre panel ( :i* has disappe>$1 h suff]$ consid]ably 9 ! c\rse ( _! w&]+s1 m p>ticul>ly ! 8,adoration10 f injudici\s repa9t+s & repairs1 s t mu* ( ! beauty ( ! orig9al col\r+ has be5 lo/4 ,!y appe> to h be5 among ,holbe9's e>lie/ sacr$ works aft] 8 return f ,luc]ne1 & 9 !m ,g]man & ,italian influ5ces are comm+l$2 b 9 spite ( _! *>m & navet1 !y d n %[ t ma/]y ( te*nique :i* is already to be f\nd 9 su* a portrait z t ( ,am]ba*1 ?\gh ?is no d\bt is l>gely ow+ to repairs & re/oration by "s lat] h&4 ,?is less assur$ t\* is p>ticul>ly noticeable 9 ! figures ( ! donor & 8 family4 ,!y 7 a commission f ! m]*ant ,hans ,ob]ri$1 a native ( ,freiburg1 at ! "t a t[n c\ncillor ( ,basel1 9 :i* t[n he _h be5 resid5t = ne>ly ?irty ye>s1 b :o1 z an adh]5t ( ! ,ca?olic p>ty1 0 dismiss$ f (fice dur+ ! religi\s di/urbances ( #aebi4 ,he !re=e r5\nc$ 8 citiz5%ip1 &1 l ,erasmus & ,am]ba*1 left ! t[n & return$ to ,freiburg1 :]e memb]s ( 8 family /ill liv$4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t he ord]$ ?is alt>-piece ( ,holbe9 = pres5tation to ! *ur* ( ! ,c>?usian ,mona/]y 9 ,basel1 9 :i* a ne> relative ( 8 wife's1 ,hi]onymus ,ts*ekk5brl91 0 prior4 ,?is mona/]y 0 9 ,little ,basel1 :]e ! ,ca?olic p>ty 7 9 ! asc5dant1 s t "s ( _! pictures & *ur* ornam5ts 7 sav$ f ! fury ( ! mob4 ,ob]ri$ may1 !re=e1 h succe$$ 9 c>ry+ (f ! two panels ) him1 ?\gh =c$ to leave ! c5tre "o beh9d1 z too big = concealm5t4 ,8 "n occurs on "o occasion 9 ! ,basel t[n records 9 connection ) ,holbe94 ,on ,septemb] #ad1 #aeba1 ! ,c\ncil paid to him a sum ( money due to ! pa9t]--probably 9 connection ) ! ,t[n ,hall wall-pa9t+s--:i* 0 possibly 9 dis*>ge ( a debt :i* ! c\ncillor _h fail$ to obta9 f ! arti/4#bjf ,ob]ri$ di$ 9 ! same ye> z ! pa9t]1 #aedc1 b ! two panels d n appe> to h be5 plac$ 9 ! *apel ( ! m9/] until ,octob] #ag1 #aeed1 on :i* day ! alt> ov] :i* !y hang 0 consecrat$4 ,) ! exception ( two %ort int]vals1 !y h rema9$ ev] s9ce 9 ,freiburg4 ,dur+ ! ,?irty ,ye>s ,w> !y 7 s5t to ,s*affhaus5 = safety4 ,f !re ! ,elector ,maximilian ,i ( ,bav>ia _h !m br\ght to ,muni* = 8 inspection1 & lat] on !y 7 tak5 to ,ratisbon1 9 ord] to be %[n to ! ,emp]or ,f]d9& ,,iii4 ,9 #agif !y 7 c>ri$ away by ! ,fr5*1 b 7 return$ f ,colm> 9 #ahjh4bjg ,!y 7 !n replac$ ov] ! alt> ( ! ,univ]sity ,*apel 9 ! *oir ( ! m9/]1 :]e !y /ill rema91 ! only *ur* pa9t+s by ,holbe9 /ill to be f\nd hang+ )9 ! walls ( a consecrat$ build+4 ,ab\t ! "t ( _! return f ,france !y appe> to h und]gone a sev]e re/oration4 ,sid5ote3 8,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/0 ,,alt>-,,piece ,! alt>-piece 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cae7 7,pl4 #cj71bjh consi/+ ( eight sc5es f ! ,passion ( ,*ri/1 on f\r upright panels1 =m+ ! w+s ( a tripty*1 0 evid5tly pa9t$ aft] ,holbe9's return f ^? w&]+s :i* took him = a %ort p]iod ov] ! ,alps1 = 9 composition & col\r-s*eme x displays a m>k$ ,nor? ,italian influ5ce4 ,at "o "t x 0 reg>d$ ?r\gh\t ,switz]l& z ,holbe9's ma/]piece4 ,no?+ is kn[n ( its e>ly hi/ory1 b x 0 held 9 ! highe/ e/imation ?r\gh\t ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies4 ,accord+ to tradition1 x 0 orig9ally pa9t$ = ! ca!dral ( ,basel1 & 01 by "s means or o!r1 sav$ f de/ruction dur+ ! tr\bles ( #aebi4 ,9 ?is case tradition appe>s to h probability on its side4#bji ,on ,novemb] #e1 #aggj1 x 0 remov$ f ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall1 :]e x _h be5 hang+ = m ?an two hundr$ ye>s1 & 0 plac$ 9 ! ,libr>y among ! o!r art treasures ( ! city1 9 :i* build+ ! collection 0 h\s$ until ! pres5t ,gall]y 0 built4 ,num]\s e>ly ref]5ces to x are to be f\nd :i* te/ify to its great reputation 9 ! pa/4 ,s&r>t 0 en?usia/ic 9 its praises4 8,! mo/ excell5t & ! cr[n ( all 8 art10 he wrote1 8is ! ,passion ( ,*ri/1 pa9t$ on a panel 9 eight comp>tm5ts1 & pres]v$ 9 ! ,t[n ,hall at ,basel2 a "w 9 :i* all t art c d is to be f\nd1 bo? z reg>ds ! devotion & ! grace ( ! p]sons repres5t$1 :e!r religi\s or secul>1 or ( a high] or l[] class1 & ) respect to ! figures1 build+1 l&scape1 day & night4 ,?is panel te/ifies to ! hon\r & fame ( its ma/]1 giv+ place to none ei!r 9 ,g]many or ,italy1 & ju/ly be>+ ! laurel wrea? among anci5t works40#baj ,s&r>t1 :5 pa9t+ ! portrait ( ,maximilian ,i ( ,bav>ia1 :o 0 a great art-collector1 spoke s highly ( ?is "w t ! latt] det]m9$ to possess x4 ,he is said to h (f]$ ! ,basel]s any price !y lik$ to put ^u x2 &1 hav+ already succe$$ 9 tempt+ ! ,nuremb]g]s to "p ) ,dr]'s 8,apo/les10 al?\gh ! pa9t] _h bequea!d !m to 8 native city1 he hop$ to be equally successful 9 ?is in/ance2 b ! ,basel c\ncillors 7 less m]c5>y1 & refus$ 8 (f]4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #cj4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/ ,out] sides ( ! ,w+s ( an ,alt>-,piece ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 8,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/0 ,,alt>-,,piece ,9 m rec5t days ?is alt>-piece has be5 subject$ to sev]e & unfav\rable criticism4 ,rumohr refus$ to accept ,holbe9 z its au?or1 & ,mr4 ,wornum reg>d$ x z a c>eful "w by ! eld] ,holbe91 ?\gh bett] 9 gr\p+ & decoration ?an 0 usual ) him4 ,he c\ld n see 9 x any sign ( ! y\ng] ,holbe9's /up5d\s p[] ( grasp+ & repres5t+ individual "*1 & ?\ght t ?\gh ! composition might possibly be 81 ! actual pa9t+ 0 c]ta9ly ! "w ( "s o!r h&4#baa ,un=tunately1 9 #agga1 imm$iately aft] ! picture's transf]5ce f ! ,t[n ,hall to ! ,libr>y1 x 0 plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ,nikolaus ,groo? ( ,/uttg>t = re/oration1 :o succe$$ only too well 9 remov+ all ! orig9al beauty ( ! col\r+1 ?\gh leav+ ! draw+ mu* z he f\nd x4 ,?\gh foll[+ to ! be/ ( 8 ability ,holbe9's col\r-s*eme1 he completely de/roy$ its h>mony1 & oblit]at$ all signs ( ! delicacy ( ! pa9t]'s bru%work by ! g>i% tones & smoo? f9i% :i* he gave to ! :ole surface4#bab ,! picture ?us reta9s little ( its e>ly beauty1 *>m1 & fre%ness1 b 9 spite ( ! sup]add$ pa9t ( ! re/or]1 x is an und\bt$ & an important "w by ! ma/] ( ab\t ! ye> #aebj4 ,?is c be se5 mo/ cle>ly1 p]haps1 :5 ! picture is /udi$ f photographs1 9 :i* ! eye is n misl$ by gaudy & inh>moni\s col\r4 ,x is1 no d\bt1 ow+ to ?is pa9ful re/oration t m ?an "o e>li] writ] has refus$ to reg>d x z ,holbe9's h&iwork4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,woltmann 0 ( op9ion t ,groo?'s re/oration 0 limit$ to c>eful clean+ & slight ret\*+1 & he /ates t ?is is prov$ by exi/+ records 9 ! m9utes ( ! ,univ]sity4#bac ,! g5]al effect ( ! small pictures ( :i* x is compos$ is also m>r$ by ! heavy upright b>s ( ! gold frame :i* divide ea* w+ into two p>ts4 ,! top is circul>1 & ,holbe9 has divid$ ea* panel into two by a horizontal b& ( scroll & leaf ornam5t 9 gold4 ,! f\r sc5es 9 ! upp] half1 runn+ f left to "r1 are 8,*ri/ on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives10 8,! ,kiss ( ,judas10 8,*ri/ be=e ! ,high ,prie/10 & 8,! ,sc\rg+02 & 9 ! l[] half1 8,*ri/ ,mock$10 8,*ri/ be>+ ! ,cross10 8,! ,crucifixion10 & 8,! ,burial40 ,?is arrangem5t gives a s]ies ( high1 n>r[ comp>tm5ts1 ab\t #bf 94 high by #ac 94 wide1 & 9 ! fill+ ( !m ! arti/ has adapt$ 8 composition to ?is some:at unusual %ape ) rem>kable skill4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ca4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ ,,be>+ ,,! ,,cross ,details ( ! out] sides ( ! w+s ( ! 8,passion0 ,alt>-piece ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crucifixion ,details ( ! out] sides ( ! w+s ( ! 8,passion0 ,alt>-piece ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 8,,noli ,,me ,,tang]e0 ,,at ,,hampton ,,c\rt ,9 spite ( ! cruel treatm5t to :i* x has be5 subject$1 en\gh ( ,holbe9's orig9al "w rema9s to %[ a /rik+ advance 9 composition1 p[] ( conception1 & dramatic feel+ :5 comp>$ ) ! 8,passion0 pictures produc$ by ! two bro!rs "s f\r or five ye>s e>li]4 ,ea* "o ( ! subjects =ms a small b complete picture 9 itself1 b at ! same "t !y h be5 comb9$1 by a judici\s arrangem5t ( light & %ade1 into "o h>moni\s :ole4 ,9 ea* composition ! /ory is told ) consid]able dramatic =ce1 & ! facial types are 9 mo/ cases less grotesque ?an 9 ! e>li] 8,passion10 9 :i* an exagg]at$ ugl9ess ( feature is made use ( 9 ord] to br+ home to ! spectator ! hateful "* ( ! p]secutors ( ,*ri/4 ,"h & !re ! draw+ is some:at faulty1 m p>ticul>ly :]e viol5t action is %[n1 z 9 ! movem5ts ( ! soldi]s ) :ips & rods 9 8,! ,sc\rg+40 ,9 sev]al ( ! sc5es ! light+ is manag$ ) admirable effect4 ,9 8,*ri/ on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives0 ! black d>kness ( ! night is brightly illum9at$ by ! fly+ angel uphold+ ! ,cross1 ! radiance fall+ ^u ! uplift$ face ( ! kneel+ ,savi\r & on ! heads ( ! disciples sleep+ at 8 side1 :ile 9 ! di/ance ! light f a s+le tor* glitt]s on ! helmets ( ! advanc+ soldi]s4 ,9 ! next two sc5es ! light comes entirely f ! tor*es ( ! soldi]y4 ,9 ! 8,kiss ( ,judas0 x illum9ates ! trunk & l[] bran*es ( a great tree1 ! heads ( ,*ri/ & ,judas1 & ! uplift$ spe>s & battle-axes ( ! mob ( ge/iculat+ & %\t+ m5 :o are r\ghly b9d+ _! captive4 ,9 ! =egr\nd ,/4 ,pet]1 kneel+ ov] ! body ( ,mal*us1 holds ! knife al(t ) :i* he is ab\t to /rike (f ! latt]'s e>4 ,! sc5e is full ( dramatic movem5t4 ,9 8,*ri/ be=e ! ,high ,prie/10 ! tor*es light up ! front ( an elaborate ,r5aissance build+ & ! rais$ seat ( ,caiaphas4 ,bo? ! 8,sc\rg+0 & 8,mock+0 take place )9 ! int]ior ( an equally elaborate edifice1 ) l>ge ar*es & m>ble pill>s1 ! light 9 ! =m] com+ ?r\gh circul> w9d[s4 ,9 ! 8,sc\rg+0 ! utmo/ vehem5ce is display$ 9 ! actions ( ! soldi]s2 9 ! 8,mock+0 ! figure ( ,*ri/ has great nobility ( "*4 ,9 8,*ri/ be>+ ! ,cross0 7,pl4 #ca 7#a77 ! =egr\nd is cr[d$ ) figures issu+ ?r\gh ! gateway ( ! t[n1 "o ( ! r\nd t[]s ( :i* rises to ! top ( ! picture1 :ile 9 ! di/ance are se5 ! walls & ro(s & bridges ( a city by a riv]1 ) horsem5 & o!r figures1 & l(ty sn[ m\nta9s 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,9 8,*ri/ on ! ,cross0 7,pl4 #ca 7#b77 ! ?ree crucifi$ figures /& out /rongly aga9/ an inky black backgr\nd4 ,9 ! f9al sc5e ! dead body ( ,*ri/ is borne across a gre5 mead[ t[>ds ! entrance to ! tomb1 :i* is cut 9 a l(ty rock1 9 ! fissures ( :i* trees & bu%es are gr[+1 :ile "s way (f ! ,virg9 & o!rs ) h] /& ov]come ) grief4 ,! :ole composition ( ?is alt>-piece %[s ! influ5ce ( ,holbe9's ,italian visit 9 m ways ?an "o2 & 9 x he has ab&on$ to a v great ext5t ! e>li] practice ( 8 c\ntry 9 ! figures ( 8 soldi]s1 :o are no long] dress$ 9 ! ,g]man co/ume ( 8 day1 b 9 ! ,roman helmet & acc\trem5ts su* z he mu/ h se5 9 contempor>y ,italian pictures1 m p>ticul>ly ^? ( ,mantegna4 ,al?\gh ! types ( "s ( ! heads are di/9ctly ,g]man1 recall+ simil> heads 9 8 fa!r's pictures & 8 own e>li] works1 ! pr$om9at+ influ5ce is ,italian4 ,at ab\t ! "t ( 8 visit to ,italy ,lu9i & ,gaud5zio ,f]r>i 7 at "w toge!r ^u ! scre5 = ! ancona 9 ! *apel ( ,sant' ,abbondio 9 ! ca!dral at ,como1 & x is sugge/$1 n only t ,holbe9 mu/ h /udi$ ?is1 & e>li] works by ! two ,italian ma/]s 9 ! same build+1 su* z ! great alt>-piece 9 ! ,sant' ,abbondio ,*apel n[ reg>d$ z l>gely ,f]r>i's "w1 & ! beautiful alt>-piece by ,lu9i 9 ! neighb\r+ *apel ( ,/4 ,j]ome1 b t possibly he also ent]$ ! /udio ( "o or ! o!r ( !m = a %ort p]iod4 ,rem9isc5ces ( ,f]r>i 9 p>ticul> c be trac$ 9 ?is & o!r sacr$ pa9t+s produc$ by ,holbe9 at ab\t ?is "t4#bad ,= 8 backgr\nd motives he appe>s to h made use 9 "s in/ances ( build+s close at h&2 9 o!rs traces ( 8 j\rney ov] ! ,alps c be se54 ,?us1 9 ! 8,sc\rg+0 ! sett+ recalls ! ,romanesque ar*itecture ( ! neighb\r+ *ur* ( ,o?m>%eim1 t ( ! 8,mock+0 ! int]ior ( ! ca!dral ( ,basel1 :ile ! r\nd t[] 9 ! 8,cross-,be>+0 resembles ! flank+ t[]s to "o ( ! gates ( ! same city4#bae ,! small picture ( 8,m>y ,magdal5 at ! ,holy ,sepul*re10 or 8,noli ,me ,tang]e10#baf 9 ,hampton ,c\rt ,palace 7,no4 #eii7 7,pl4 #cb71 is closely alli$ to ! ,basel alt>-piece1 & 0 probably pa9t$ at ab\t ! same p]iod1 possibly 9 #aebj or ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! light ( dawn is /eal+ ov] ! l&scape1 driv+ away ! d>kness ( night1 well sugge/+ 8! e>ly morn+1 :5 x 0 yet d>k40 ,on ! "r rises a great rock1 ) trees & bu%es gr[+ ov] x1 & at its base ! squ>e op5+ ( ! tomb1 f :i* issues a dim1 sup]natural light1 mak+ visible ! two angels 9 :ite raim5t seat$ at ! head & foot ( ! grave4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! =egr\nd /&s ,m>y ,magdal51 a look ( wond] on h] face1 hold+ a m>ble vase ( spik5>d 9 h] left h&1 & ! "r /ret*$ out t[>ds ! ris5 ,*ri/1 :o %r9ks back1 bo? h&s held up ) a ge/ure ( repulsion1 z he exclaims1 8,t\* ,me n40 ,m>y's head is b\nd ) a turban1 & a d>k cloak almo/ cov]s h] dress4 ,?is figure is rem9isc5t ( an ,italian model4 ,9 ! di/ance are se5 ! small figures ( ,pet] & ,john1 ha/5+ away f ! empty sepul*re to spread ! news ( ! ,resurrection4 ,pet]1 /ill d\bt+ 8 eyes1 is eag]ly ge/iculat+ z he /rides ov] ! gr\nd1 :ile ,john1 :o 8saw & believ$10 walks m calmly by 8 side4 ,beh9d !m rises a tall tree into ! dim morn+ sky1 ( ! pyramidal %ape s famili> 9 ,italian pa9t+s ( ! p]iod1 :ile 9 ! backgr\nd ! break+ dawn lights ! crosses on ,calv>y4 ,x is1 z ,knackfuss says1 8a wond]ful ma/]piece ( poetical pa9t+40#bag ,! face ( ,our ,"l be>s a /rong resemblance to t ( ! ,*ri/ 9 ! 8,*ri/ be=e ! ,high ,prie/0 subject 9 ! ,basel alt>-piece4 ,inde$1 bo? 9 treatm5t & feel+1 !re is a close resemblance betwe5 ^! two works4 ,! l&scape 9 ! ,hampton ,c\rt picture has mu* 9 common ) t ( 8,*ri/ on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives0 & ( 8,! ,entombm5t0 ( ! alt>-pa9t+4 ,9 ! latt]1 too1 is to be f\nd ! same bu%-gr[n rock ( yell[ col\r1 ) ! squ>e op5+ ( ! sepul*re1 :ile 9 ea* picture ! light & %ade & col\r+ are mu* alike4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #cb4 ,illu/ration3 8,,noli ,,me ,,tang]e0 ,*ri/ appe>+ to ,m>y ,magdal5 ,,hampton ,,c\rt ,:5 att5tion 0 fir/ call$ to ?is "w "s =ty ye>s ago1 critics 7 divid$ 9 _! op9ions z to its au?or%ip4 ,dr4 ,woltmann ascrib$ x to ,b>?olomu ,bruyn1 & sev]al o!r names 9 place ( ,holbe9's h be5 sugge/$ f "t to "t4 ,8 late/ ,engli% biograph]1 ,mr4 ,g]ald ,davies1 assigns x to 8a pa9t] ( ! ,g]man s*ool1 :o _h probably se5 & be5 deeply influ5c$ by ! grave & e>ne/ works ( ,holbe9 at ,basel40 8,nei!r on ! gr\nds ( its design nor ( its te*nique10 he says1 8d ,i f9d myself able to accept x z a "w ( ,holbe910 & he proce$s to draw att5tion to 8! angul> & unc\? projection ( ! =w>d leg 9 ! figure ( our ,"l1 an exagg]ation :i* is repeat$ ) ev5 m unnatural emphasis 9 ! di/ant figure ( ,/4 ,pet] z he walks & ge/iculates at ! side ( ,/4 ,john4 ,! action1 moreov]1 ( ! h&s ( ! *ief figure1 int5d$ to be expressive ( ! 8,noli ,me ,tang]e10 is some:at exagg]at$ & !atrical40#bah ,he calls att5tion to o!r details :i* he ?9ks prove t ! "w _c be f ,holbe9's bru%4 ,! type ( ! head1 h[ev]1 & ! action ( ! h&s1 z well z ! position ( ! feet1 v closely resemble m ?an "o ( ,holbe9's small figures 9 8 designs = woodcuts1 m p>ticul>ly ! ,*ri/ 9 "o ( ! little pictures on ! frontispiece to ,cov]dale's ,bible1 9 :i* ! action is almo/ id5tical1 :ile o!r in/ances c\ld be giv54 ,! picture has suff]$ 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 &1 l ! ,basel alt>-piece1 has n escap$ repa9t+ 9 p>ts1 b rema9s nev]!less an und\bt$ example ( ,holbe9's sacr$ art at1 or %ortly aft]1 ! p]iod :5 he _h j settl$ d[n 9 ,basel z a memb] ( ! ,guild 8zum ,himmel40 ,mod]n ,g]man criticism is agre$ z to its au?or%ip4 ,dr4 ,ganz places x at ! end ( ,holbe9's fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,sid5ote3 8,,noli ,,me ,,tang]e0 ,,at ,,hampton ,,c\rt ,?is picture has be5 9 ! royal collections ( ,engl& s9ce ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 & 9 ! inv5tory ( 8 pictures at ,:itehall1 tak5 at 8 dea? 9 #aedg1 x 0 ent]$ z 8,item1 a table ) ! picture ( our ,"l appe>+ to ,m>y ,magdal50 7,no4 #cc71 :ile x occurs aga9 9 t ( ,james ,,ii 7,no4 #ebj71 8,our ,savi\r appe>+ to ,m>y ,magdal5 9 ! g>d540 ,t 9 ^? e>ly days ! picture 0 reg>d$ z a "w ( ,holbe9's is prov$ by an entry 9 ,evelyn's ,di>y1 "u ! date ,septemb] #b1 #afhj1 describ+ sev]al days sp5t by him 9 ! exam9ation ( ! cont5ts ( ! libr>y & private rooms at ,:itehall dur+ ! abs5ce ( ,*>les ,,ii at ,w9dsor4 ,he says3 8,9 ! re/ ( ! private lodg+s contigu\s to ?is 7i4e4 ! libr>y71 are div]s ( ! be/ pictures ( ! great ma/]s1 ,raphael1 ,titian1 c41 &1 9 my e/eeme1 above all1 ! ,noli me tang]e ( our bless$ ,savi\r to ,m>y ,magdal5 aft] 8 ,resurrection1 ( ,hans ,holbe91 !n :i* ,i nev] saw s mu* rev]5ce & k9d ( heav5ly a/oni%m5t express'd 9 a picture40 ,no?+ is kn[n ( its e>li] hi/ory1 or h[ x came to ,engl&1 b x is n unnatural to suppose t x 0 br\ght ov] by ,holbe9 himself1 z an easily portable example ( 8 p[]s z a pa9t] ( sacr$ subjects4 ,x is d\bly valuable z be+ ! only "w by him ( ?is p>ticul> class n[ rema9+ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is q possible t x 0 pa9t$ 9 ,engl& 9 #aebg = "o ( 8 new patrons4 ,mr4 ,erne/ ,law po9ts out t !re is a r5d]+ ( ?is same subject by ,lamb]t ,su/ris1 a ,g]man pa9t]1 & pupil ( ,*ri/oph] ,s*w>tz ( ,muni*1 :o fl\ri%$ ab\t ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,?is la/-nam$ "w1 bo? 9 ! figure ( ,*ri/1 & 9 sev]al o!r po9ts1 be>s a close resemblance to ! ,hampton ,c\rt picture1 to :i*1 inde$1 x may h ow$ its inspiration4#bai ,holbe9's rapidly-matur+ ma/]y ( te*nique & p[] 9 express+ ! mo/ poignant emotion1 z well z 8 complete und]/&+ ( ! ar*itecture ( ! ,r5aissance & skill 9 mak+ brilliant use ( x z a sett+ = 8 figures1 is %[n 9 two panels 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :i* at "o "t evid5tly =m$ a small dipty* su* z w\ld be us$ 9 "s h\sehold *apel4 ,!y repres5t 8,*ri/ z ! ,man ( ,sorr[s0 & 8,m>y z ,mat] ,dolorosa0 7,no4 #cag7 7,pl4 #cc71bbj & are c>ri$ out 9 a br[n mono*rome1 ) ! exception ( ! sky se5 ?r\gh ! ar*es1 :i* is a bright blue1 ! two contra/$ tones produc+ a v h>moni\s col\r effect4 ,9 ea* panel ! backgr\nd consi/s ( an elaborate arrangem5t ( pill>s1 ar*es1 & vault+1 ri*ly c>v$ & decorat$ ) panels1 friezes1 & m$allions ( ornam5t1 :i* recall ! v simil> fanta/ic details ( ,r5aissance ar*itecture 9 ! left w+ ( ! ,freiburg alt>-piece1 & m ?an "o ( 8 designs = pa9t$ glass ( ?is p]iod4#bba ,9 ! 8,mat] ,dolorosa0 "o ( ! friezes repres5ts a b& ( small nak$ putti1 :i*1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,kgl]1 is bas$ ^u a simil> frieze 9 ! ca!dral ( ,como1#bbb :ile o!r figure subjects are conta9$ 9 ! m$allions2 9 ! 8,man ( ,sorr[s0 ! decoration is entirely ( floriat$ ornam5t4 ,! g5]al effect produc$ is "o ( great ri*ness1 almo/ sup]abundance1 ( ornam5tation1 & lavi%ness ( ar*itectural detail4 ,9 spite ( ?is1 ! two figures are n ov]:elm$ by x1 b at once arre/ ! att5tion4 ,*ri/ is seat$ on ! /eps betwe5 two pill>s1 nude1 ) ! exception ( a lo9-clo?1 cr[n$ ) ?orns1 8 head s9k+ 9 agony on 8 left %\ld]4 ,m>y1 a veil ov] h] head1 & ! folds ( h] robes fall+ 9 /raight p>allel l9es1 kneels ) op51 out/ret*$ h&s1 & gazes ) grief-/rick5 c\nt5ance at ! ,savi\r's suff]+s4 ,v rev]5t feel+ is %[n 9 ! conception ( ea* figure4 ,! nude =m ( ,*ri/ indicates a v accurate /udy ( ! human body1 :ile ! expression ( pa9 & int5se sorr[ has be5 admirably seiz$4 ,! solitude ( ?is grief-/rick5 figure is int5sifi$ by ! gr&eur & ri*ness ( ! build+ 9 :i* he is seat$1 des]t$ by all m54 ,an equally f9e conception ( deep ?\gh re/ra9$ sorr[ is %[n 9 ! face ( ! ,virg91 & 9 ! beautiful1 expressive h&s4 ,a peculi>ity ( ?is dipty* is t ! horizon is plac$ bel[ ! level ( ! picture1 al?\gh x is s small t x c nev] h be5 int5d$ = hang+ at a consid]able height1 su* z ! arrangem5t ( ! horizon-l9e w\ld sugge/4 ,x may be1 !re=e1 t x is ! prelim9>y /udy = "s l>g] wall-pa9t+1 f9i%$ ) unusual c>e1 or a r$uc$ copy made by ,holbe9 f "s alt>-piece ( 8 :i* has n[ disappe>$1 probably dur+ ! di/urbances ( #aebi4 ,x =ms "p ( ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 & is describ$ 9 ! catalogue z3 8,item zwei ,h4 ,holbe9s mit olf>b gmalte tfel9 d>9 ,*ri/us vnd ,m>ia 9 eim ghs1 mit /e9f>b40 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #cc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/1 ,,! ,,man ,,( ,,sorr[s ,dipty*1 pa9t$ 9 br[n mono*rome1 ) blue sky ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,m>y1 ,,mat] ,,dolorosa ,dipty*1 pa9t$ 9 br[n mono*rome1 ) blue sky ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,draw+ ,,( ,,! 8,,holy ,,family0 ,!re is a draw+ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y repres5t+ ! 8,holy ,family0 7,pl4 #cd71bbc :i* is rem>kable = ! ri* sett+ ( ,r5aissance ar*itecture 9 :i* ,holbe9 has plac$ 8 figures4 ,! arrangem5t is s elaborate t ! latt] at fir/ appe> to be ( only second>y importance4 ,on ! topmo/ ( a flight ( /eps ! ,infant ,*ri/ is le>n+ to walk1 8 h&s held by 8 "m & ,anna1 :o are seat$ on ei!r side ( him4 ,on ! left ! ag$ ,joa*im1 ^: pron\nc$ features recall m ?an "o head 9 ! e>li] 8,passion0 s]ies1 is look+ on f beh9d a pill>1 :ile ,joseph /&s ) 8 arm r\nd ano!r pill> on ! opposite side4 ,beh9d ! gr\p is a semicircul> ni*e1 ! upp] "p scallop$ l a %ell1 support$ by columns & out/&+ pill>s1 ! latt] ) a sculptur$ frieze ( putti r\nd ! base4 ,! capitals ( ! columns & ! frieze :i* !y support are decorat$ ) foliat$ designs 9 :i* figures are m+l$4 ,a lunette 9 ! ar* :i* cr[ns ! ni*e is ornam5t$ 9 a simil> way1 & conta9s a tablet ) ! signature 8,hans ,hol40 ,ov] a project+ cornice is a sculptur$ figure ( ,samson slay+ ! lion4 ,! ar*itectural motive ?r\gh\t is /rongly ,italian1 &1 inde$1 9 p>ts be>s a /rik+ resemblance to ! ,porta della ,rana ( ! ca!dral ( ,como1#bbd :ile ! :ole draw+ furni%es /ill fur!r /rong evid5ce t ,holbe9 mu/ h cross$ ! ,alps1 & t designs su* z ?is 7 n m]e ef=ts ( 8 imag9ation4 ,x is a p5 draw+ on a br[n-r$ gr\nd1 wa%$ ) grey-black & height5$ ) :ite 9 ! p>ts :]e ! light falls1 & its date is ab\t #aebj or #aeba4 ,x is a /udy = a picture1 or1 m probably1 = a wall-pa9t+1 to be plac$ at "s height1 z ! horizon-l9e is well bel[ ! level ( ! gr\nd4 ,! /rongly-m>k$ p]spective ( ! backgr\nd1 too1 :i* slants rapidly t[>ds ! "r1 sugge/s su* a purpose1 & t x 0 to =m ! left w+ ( "s consid]able s*eme ( wall decoration1 ) a m important c5tral subject1 & a correspond+ "r w+4 ,a small] draw+1 also at ,basel1 ( ! same date & /yle1 a p5 & wa% draw+1 height5$ ) :ite on a grey gr\nd1 repres5ts ! ,virg91 seat$ on a simil> high /ep betwe5 two pill>s1 suckl+ ! ,*ild4#bbe ,) ! exception ( ! two columns1 "o ( :i* is unf9i%$1 ! backgr\nd is left blank1 b 9 ! pa9t+ = :i* x 0 a /udy x is natural to suppose t ! ar*itectural sett+ w\ld h be5 z elaborate z 9 ! 8,holy ,family10 :i* x resembles 9 its l[ horizon-l9e4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #cd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,holy ,,family ,wa%$ draw+ on a r$ gr\nd ,,basel ,,gall]y ,!re is a ?ird draw+1 9 ! ,/dtis*es ,museum1 ,leipzig1 :i* belongs to ! same p]iod z ! two j describ$1 & has _m po9ts 9 common ) !m4#bbf ,x is a p5 draw+ height5$ ) :ite on a d>k grey gr\nd1 & repres5ts ! ,madonna seat$ on a /one b5* ov] :i* h] cloak is spread1 support+ ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 8 fir/ attempts to walk4 ,! ,*ild1 ) "o arm & leg uplift$1 is laugh+ ) delight1 & ! attitude ( ! ,virg91 ) head b5t d[n1 & h] long hair bl[n on "o side z ?\gh by a breeze1 is "o ( great beauty4 ,9 ?is arrangem5t ( ! hair1 ?\gh m free1 & 9 ! type ( ! ,madonna's face1 ?\gh m beautiful1 ?is draw+ be>s a close resemblance to ! m elaborate ( ! two 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection4 ,x is sign$ & dat$ 8,h4 ,h40 & 8#aeai0 on two panels on ei!r side ( ! c>pet or pavem5t b5ea? ! ,virg9's feet1 & 0 possibly made %ortly aft] ,holbe9's return f ,luc]ne to ,basel4 ,x is a mo/ sympa!tic & natural /udy ( mat]nal love & ! happ9ess ( *ildhood1 & has a grace & *>m :i* ! two o!r draw+s1 made at ab\t ! same date1 d n possess 9 ! same degree4#bbg ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,dead ,,*ri/ ,,9 ,,! ,,tomb0 ,aft] ! e>ly 8,cross-,be>+0 panel ( #aeae at ,k>lsruhe1 !re is no dat$ picture among ?is gr\p ( sacr$ pa9t+s until ! 8,dead ,*ri/ 9 ! ,tomb10 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cah71 ( ! ye> #aeba1 is rea*$ 7,pl4 #ce74bbh ,?is rem>kable "w1 :i* =ms "p ( ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 is a life-size /udy ( a dead man1 & "o ^: end has1 p]haps1 be5 br\ght ab\t by viol5ce4 ,holbe9 has pa9t$ ! corpse ^u a long1 l[ panel1 & has repres5t$ x z ly+ enclos$ )9 ! n>r[ conf9es ( a tomb ( pla9 m>ble ( a gre5i% hue1 ! side fac+ ! spectator be+ remov$ 9 ord] to p]mit a view ( ! int]ior4 ,! body1 :i* almo/ fills ! n>r[ space1 re/s on its back on a pla9 :ite clo?1 ov] :i* ! long d>k hair falls4 ,! head is se5 almo/ 9 pr(ile1 b v slightly turn$ t[>ds ! front1 ! %ort br[n be>d po9t+ directly upw>ds4 ,! light comes f "s small ap]ture l[ d[n at ! foot ( ! tomb1 & falls on ! soles ( ! feet1 & illum9ates ! l[] side ( ea* prom95t feature ( ! body1 su* z ! "u p>ts ( ! *91 ! :ite swoll5 lips ( ! op5 m\?1 ! nose1 & ! eyebr[s1 leav+ o!r portions 9 %ad[1 & ?us int5sify+ ! feel+ ( horror :i* ! picture at fir/ produces4 ,x %[s t ,holbe91 at ! age ( tw5ty-f\r1 _h atta9$ a complete ma/]y ( te*nical expression1 = x is pa9ful 9 ! complet5ess ( its realism4 ,! rigidity ( ! limbs1 ! hagg>d *eeks ) /rongly-project+ bones1 ! />+1 half-sunk5 eyes1 ! lifeless sk91 ! col\rless face ) bloodless lips1 ! emaciat$ body ) its ribs /&+ out1 h all be5 set d[n ) rel5tless accuracy4 ,! indication ( decay 9 ! h&s & feet1 & 9 ! fle% turn+ gre5 r\nd ! w\nds 9 ! side1 helps to int5sify ! t]ror & horror ( dea? :i* ! picture is int5d$ to depict4 ,x 0 evid5tly pa9t$ f "s dead body1 h[ obta9$ x is impossible to say1 b1 accord+ to an old tradition1 8 model 0 ! corpse ( a man j tak5 out ( ! ,rh9e by ! ,rh9e ,bridge4 ,holbe9's object 9 pa9t+ x 0 und\bt$ly to give z complete a r5d]+ z possible ( ! physical aspects ( dea? z se5 9 a body approa*+ decay4 ,x is h>dly to be believ$ t x 0 8 orig9al int5tion to pa9t a picture ( ! 8,dead ,*ri/10 & t = ! purpose he made se>* 9 ,basel = a corpse to s]ve z 8 model4 ,x is mu* m natural to suppose t1 hav+ pa9t$ ?is vividly reali/ic /udy1 :i* no patron 0 likely to pur*ase1 he made x ( m>ketable value by add+ ! w\nds & ! title1 & s turn+ x into a 8,*ri/ 9 ! ,tomb40 ,?is is borne out by ,basilius ,am]ba*'s entry 9 8 inv5tory4 ,he calls x 8,a picture ( a dead man1 ) ! title ,jesus ( ,naz>e?0 78,e9 todt5 bild ,h4 ,holbe9s vf holtz mit lf>b5 cum titulo ,iesus ,naz>5us rex074 ,?is ,lat9 title1 9 l>ge gold ,roman lett]s1 runs across a long /rip at ! top ( ! picture1 a "p ( ! old frame1 & betwe5 ea* ^w is plac$ a small angel be>+ ! in/rum5ts ( ,*ri/'s torture4 ,x is f ?is sup]scription1 & f ! /igmata1 t ! "w receives its only sacr$ significance2 9 all o!r respects x is a remorseless1 almo/ revolt+1 /udy ( "s man :o has di$ a viol5t dea?1 a man ) features ( no physical beauty1 & 9 no way resembl+ ,holbe9's cu/om>y type ( ! ,*ri/4 ,!re is no?+ ( ! dignity or ! sup]natural beauty :i* s (t5 irradiate ! inanimate c\nt5ance %ortly aft] life has pass$ away2 b1 reg>d$ z a "w ( art1 ! picture is 9 ! highe/ s5se "o ( great beauty by reason ( ! ma/]y ( its te*nical a*ievem5t1 ! k x displays ( ! human body1 its absolute tru? to nature1 & ! h>mony ( its col\r+4 ,! contra/ ( ! w>m olive gre5 ( ! s>cophagus ) ! pale grey tones ( ! fle% produces an admirable effect4 ,on a d>k] slab at ! feet is ! inscription 8,,mdxxi4 ,h4,h40 ,a fur!r t\* ( realism is %[n 9 ! l>ge crack 9 ! m>ble at ! back ( ?is slab4 ,possibly ?is picture f\nd a place 9 "o ( ! ,basel *ur*es2 x has be5 sugge/$ by ,woltmann#bbi t x once =m$ ! pr$ella to "s alt>-piece repres5t+ ,*ri/'s ,passion1 & ?is1 no d\bt1 is correct1 ?\gh = ! reasons giv5 above x does n seem likely t ! arti/ orig9ally pa9t$ x = t purpose4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dead ,,*ri/ ,,9 ,,! ,,tomb ,pr$ella ( an ,alt>-piece #aeba ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,solo?urn ,,madonna0 ,?is 8,dead ,*ri/0 rema9s an isolat$ example among ! _m v>i$ sides ( ,holbe9's art4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 9 ! 8,solo?urn ,madonna0 7,pl4 #cf7bcj he comb9es tru? 9 ! del9eation ( ! human figure ) physical & spiritual beauty1 & rea*es great dignity & nobility 9 8 conception ( "*4 ,?is picture1 ) ! exception ( ! 8,mey] ,madonna10 is ! mo/ important & beautiful alt>-panel f ,holbe9's bru% t has surviv$1 ?\gh by no means 9 its orig9al condition4 ,! composition consi/s ( only f\r figures4 ,! ,virg9 is seat$ 9 ! c5tre1 ^u a small plat=m cov]$ ) a c>pet1 hold+ ! ,infant ,*ri/ on h] lap1 &1 /&+ on ei!r side1 are ,/4 ,ni*olas1#bca & ,/4 ,ursus1 ! patron sa9t ( ,solo?urn4 ,! ,virg9 is clad 9 a light-r$ robe1 & ov] x a bright-blue sleeveless mantle1 fa/5$ r\nd ! neck ) a cord1 :i* hangs 9 some:at /raight & simple folds & spreads ov] ! c>pet at h] feet1 an ample g>m5t wide en\gh to cov] all :o seek h] protection4 ,h] gold5 hair falls ^u bo? %\ld]s1 ! upp] "p ( ! head be+ cov]$ ) a veil ( ?91 transp>5t gauze1 surm\nt$ by a gold5 cr[n ( v decorative design /udd$ ) preci\s /ones4 ,%e holds ! nude ,*ild ^u h] knees1 h] "r h& grasp+ "o *ubby little leg1 :ile ! o!r is plac$ "u 8 left arm4 ,! head is p]haps ! mo/ attractive & sympa!tic ( all ,holbe9's repres5tations ( ! ,madonna4 ,!re is a sweetness1 mode/y1 & purity 9 its expression1 & a quiet dignity :i* p]sonify 9 ! happie/ mann] ! beauty ( div9e mo!rhood1 & betray /rong] evid5ces ?an _h hi!rto appe>$ 9 8 "w ( ! m>k$ effect ( 8 /udy ( ! pa9t+s ( contempor>y ,italian arti/s4 ,! face is r\nd & full1 & ( ! ,g]man type1 & 9 its features by no means "o ( ideal lovel9ess1 b ! happy & t5d] smile :i* hov]s on ! lips1 & ! deep mat]nal love :i* %9es 9 ! eyes1 give to x a v real & arre/+ beauty ( its own4 ,! plump1 r\nd-head$ ,*ild is a delightful /udy f real life4 ,! =e%ort5+ ( ! little feet1 ) _! cr9kl$-up toes & ! delicately-trac$ folds 9 ! sk91 is admirable1 & ! small fat h&s1 "o ( :i* is turn$ away f ! body ) ! palm upw>ds1 a *>act]i/ic attitude ) small *ildr51 are full ( expression4 ,! "r h& is held z ?\gh 9 ! act ( b5$iction4 ,/4 ,ursus1 ! patron sa9t ( ! *ur*1 & "o ( ! m>tyrs ( ! ,!ban ,legion1 /&s on ! spectator's "r1 a noble & dignifi$ figure1 clad f head to foot 9 plate arm\r ( a fa%ion /ill worn 9 ,holbe9's day4 ,8 helmet is decorat$ ) o/ri* fea!rs1 & "o gauntlet$ h& grasps ! hilt ( 8 great sword1 :ile ) ! o!r he holds ! bann] ( ! ,legion1 a l>ge r$ flag ) a :ite cross1 :i* rea*es almo/ to ! top ( ! picture4 ,he appe>s a true soldi] ( ! ,*ur*1 ) 8 dignifi$ & m>tial be>+1 8 ke5 eye & det]m9$ m\?1 half hidd5 by ! d>k m\/a*e1 ea* hair ( :i* has be5 c>efully drawn 9 ! mann] :i* ,holbe9 practis$ 9 portraiture ?r\gh\t 8 life4 ,! col\rs ( ! flag are reflect$ 9 ! highly-poli%$ surface ( 8 arm\r4 ,on ! opposite side /&s ,/4 ,ni*olas1 ! patron sa9t ( ! poor4 ,he is dress$ 9 ecclesia/ical ve/m5ts ( great spl5d\r1 :i* h evid5tly be5 copi$ by ! pa9t] f "s exi/+ example1 dat+ f an e>li] p]iod ?an t ( ! pa9t+4 ,ov] 8 violet *asuble are ri* embroid]ies 9 gold & col\rs1 ) repres5tations ( ! ,c5turion ( ,cap]naum be=e ,*ri/1 ! ,savi\r be=e ,caiaphas1 & ! ,cr[n+ ) ,?orns4 ,! r$ mitre is embroid]$ ) gold & pe>ls1 &1 z rec5tly po9t$ out by ,dr4 ,ganz1#bcb ! figure ( ,/4 ,ni*olas himself1 ) 8 attributes1 a book & ?ree gold5 balls4 ,9 8 left h& he holds 8 pa/oral /aff1 & ) ! o!r drops alms into a b[l held up by a kneel+ begg> at 8 feet4 ,! be>dless face is ref9$ & delicate1 & its spiritual "* is 9 m>k$ contra/ to ! vigor\s & manly expression ( ! knightly sa9t :o /&s fac+ him4 ,only ! uplift$ face ( ! begg>1 & ! "o h& :i* holds ! alms-b[l1 are %[n4 ,he appe>s z "o ( ! attributes ( ! sa9t1 & ! arti/ has only indicat$ en\gh ( 8 =m to make ?is cle>2 o!rwise he is almo/ entirely conceal$ beh9d ! ,virg9's volum9\s mantle4 ,!re is no?+ "h ( ! pa9ful realism ( pov]ty & disease su* z is %[n 9 ! kneel+ figures 9 ! 8,/4 ,elizabe? ( ,hung>y0 w+ ( ! 8,/4 ,seba/ian0 alt>-piece ( ! eld] ,holbe9 at ,muni*1 or 9 ! son's e>li] ,passion pictures 9 ,basel4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #cf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild1 ,,) ,,/4 ,,ursus ,,& ,a ,,holy ,,bi%op #aebb ,,solo?urn ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,solo?urn ,,madonna0 ,holbe9's art _h rea*$ a po9t 9 its developm5t :5 su* reali/ic me?ods ( br++ home to ! spectator ! lessons 8 pictures 7 int5d$ to convey 7 disc>d$4 ,a peculi>ity ( ! picture is ! exce$+ly simple sett+ 9 :i* ! figures are plac$2 :]eas ,holbe9's usual practice at ?is p]iod ( 8 life 0 to make an almo/ lavi% use ( ar*itectural ornam5tation 9 8 backgr\nds4 ,9 ! 8,solo?urn ,madonna0 x consi/s ( a p]fectly pla9 r\nd ar*way ( /one1 q free f sculptur$ decoration1 across :i* two ?ick iron b>s are plac$1 fix$ into ! /onework z ?\gh to /r5g!n x1 ) upright cross b>s runn+ to ! cr[n ( ! ar*4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ! vault+ ( ! *ur* = :i* ! picture 0 int5d$ 0 support$ & /r5g!n$ 9 ! same way1 & t ,holbe9 introduc$ x into 8 alt>-piece 9 ord] t x might be 9 p]fect h>mony ) its surr\nd+s2 b ! motive appe>s 9 m ?an "o ( ! backgr\nds to ,f]r>i's pictures1 su* z ! 8,flagellation10 "o ( ! great s]ies ( frescoes 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m4 delle ,grazie1 at ,v>allo1#bcc f9i%$ 9 #aeac4 ,?r\gh ?is op5 ar*way a pale-blue sky is se51 aga9/ :i* ! ,virg9's cr[n /&s out4 ,! light increases 9 brightness z x ne>s ! ,madonna's head1 ?us =m+ a natural halo4 ,?is simplicity ( treatm5t is also to be obs]v$ 9 o!r details4 ,! ,virg9 is n seat$ ^u an elaborate ?rone1 b on "s l[ seat or /ool :i* _c be se54 ,! c>pet at h] feet1 cov]+ ! /one /ep1 is gre51 ) a geometrical diamond patt]n 9 :ite & r$1 & two %ields inset conta9+ ! arms ( ! donor & 8 wife1#bcd :i* are p>tly hidd5 & protect$ by ! ,virg9's cloak4 ,bel[ ,/4 ,ursus ! monogram 8,h4 ,h40 & ! date 8#aebb0 are pa9t$ z ?\gh cut 9 ! /one /ep4 ,! ,virg9 & ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 ?is picture appe> to be idealis$ portraits ( ,holbe9's wife & fir/-born *ild4 ,all available evid5ce indicates ei!r #aebj or #aeba z ! date ( 8 m>riage1 %ortly be=e or aft] he became a citiz5 ( ,basel1 s t 8 own *ild may well h s]v$ him z 8 model4 ,hans ,bock ! eld]1 ! arti/ :o 0 employ$ by ! ,basel ,c\ncil to r5ovate ,holbe9's wall-pa9t+s 9 ! ,t[n ,hall1 made a free copy ( ! figure ( ! ,*ild 9 ?is picture :5 he 0 9 ,solo?urn 9 #afjd or ! foll[+ ye>1 & depict$ him ) a s]p5t z ! conqu]or ( s94#bce ,?is copy1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #ia71 belong$ to ,am]ba*1 & 0 ent]$ 9 ! catalogue z 8,a nak$ *ild sitt+ on a s]p5t1 a copy ( a pa9t+ by ,holbe91 exactly copi$ 9 ! great] "p by ,h4 ,bock on wood 9 oil col\rs40#bcf ,woltmann describes a draw+ ( ! same *ild's head1 almo/ 9 pr(ile1 ) ! "m's h& support+ x "u ! left %\ld]1 z 9 ! picture1 9 ! ,weigel ,collection1 ,leipzig1 a silv]-po9t draw+1 sign$ & dat$1 8,hans ,holbe91 #aebb40bcg ,x has ! same l>ge1 r r\nd head1 %ort neck1 & high =ehead1 z 9 ! pa9t+1 & x 0 probably a prelim9>y sket* = x4#bch ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #cg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,woman1 ,,possibly ,,holbe9',s ,,wife ,,royal ,,picture ,,gall]y1 ,,maurit%uis1 ,,! ,,hague ,sid5ote3 ,,holbe9',s ,,portrait ,,( ,,8 ,,wife ,9 ! head ( ! ,madonna1 al?\gh ,holbe9 has idealis$ & spiritualis$ 8 model1 c be trac$ ! pr$om9ant features ( 8 wife z %[n 9 ! portrait he pa9t$ ( h] ) _! two *ildr5 "s sev5 ye>s lat]1 aft] 8 return f ,engl& to ,basel 9 #aebh1 ?\gh ! face 9 ! latt] pa9t+ has become co>s5$ & be>s ! m>ks ( c>e & ev5 sorr[1 & has little 9 common ) ! beautiful ,solo?urn head4 ,! latt] m closely resembles ! v f9e portrait ( a "y woman 9 ! ,hague ,gall]y 7,no4 #bge7 7,pl4 #cg71bci :i* is n[ reg>d$ by "s critics z a lik5ess ( ,holbe9's wife1 pa9t$ j be=e or imm$iately aft] he m>ri$ h]1 9 ! e>lie/ "p ( 8 second ,basel p]iod4 ,?is picture is "o ( ! /ray$ waifs f ! royal collections ( ,engl&1 = x is br&$ on ! back ) ! cr[n & 8,c4,r410 :i* d5ote t x 0 once 9 ! possession ( ,*>les ,i1 9 ^: catalogue x 0 attribut$ to ,leon>do da ,v9ci4 ,x appe>s aft]w>ds to h be5 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 & is mo/ probably ! portrait describ$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8ritratto della ,moglie de ,holbe910 :i*1 aft] ! dea? ( ! ,c\ntess ( ,arundel1 mu/ h be5 sold 9 ,am/]dam1 & pur*as$ by "s ,dut* collector4 ,x fet*$ #fe flor9s at ! ,joan de ,vries sale 9 #agch1 & 0 aft]w>ds 9 ! ,g4 van ,sl+el&t & ! ,william ,v ( ,orange collections4 ,x is evid5tly n "o ( ! pictures tak5 ov] to ,holl& by ,william ,,iii dur+ "o ( 8 visits to ! ,hague1 z has be5 sugge/$1 = !re is no?+ to %[ t x ev] return$ to ! ,engli% royal collections1 nor is x includ$ 9 ! li/ ( works unsuccessfully reclaim$ by ,que5 ,anne f ! ,dut* ,/ates :5 %e asc5d$ ! ?rone4 ,holbe9's au?or%ip ( ?is "w has be5 frequ5tly disput$1 "s writ]s reg>d+ x z a good old copy aft] a lo/ orig9al by ! ma/]1 :ile o!rs look ^u x z a f9e orig9al "w by "s ,ne!rl&i% contempor>y ( ,holbe9's :o 0 /rongly "u 8 influ5ce4 ,dr4 ,woltmann consid]$ x to be mo/ probably by ,holbe9 himself1 & o!rs h foll[$ him 9 ?is op9ion4 ,dr4 ,ganz1 9 8 rec5t book1 includes x among ! g5u9e works ( ! second ,basel p]iod1 & po9ts out t ! s(t1 t5d] col\r-s*eme 9 :i* x has be5 c>ri$ out 0 ! result ( ,holbe9's rec5t visit to ,italy1 & expla9s its e>li] attribution to ,leon>do4#bdj ,:5 all[ance is made = ! passage ( "t1 & ! tr\bles & c>es :i* are suppos$ to h embitt]$ ,elsbe? ,holbe9's life1 !re is consid]able lik5ess betwe5 ?is portrait ( a comely "y haus-frau & ! wife 9 ! portrait ( #aebh-i4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly to be notic$ 9 ! heavy-lidd$1 slightly-protrud+ eyes1 mu* m pron\nc$ 9 ! lat] picture1 :ile ! g5]al %ape ( ! head & =m ( ! features are alike 9 bo?4 ,! lik5ess1 h[ev]1 is n s /rik+ z to make x absolutely c]ta9 t 9 ! ,hague picture we h a portrait ( ,holbe9's bride4 ,! "w is )\t inscription4 ,%e is repres5t$ seat$1 ) h] cross$ h&s re/+ ^u h] :ite apron4 ,h] hair is completely cov]$ by a :ite gauze veil :i* is c>ri$ "u ! *91 & h] g[n1 edg$ & l9$ ) fur1 is op5 at ! front1 %[+ ! pla9 :ite1 high-neck$ bodice bel[4 ,:e!r by ,holbe9 or n--& x is difficult to see :o else c\ld h pa9t$ x--?is picture has great *>m4 ,a rec5t writ]#bda speaks ( ?is picture z leav+ a vivid & p]man5t impression on ! spectator1 by reason ( ! lum9\s fre%ness ( its col\r1 ! delicate p]fume ( its purity1 & ! exquisite1 limpid sweetness :i* exhales f x z f a :ite rose "u a blue sky 9 spr+-"t4 ,9 ! ,l\vre !re is a silv]-po9t draw+1 t\*$ ) ,indian ink & r$ crayon1 ( ! head & %\ld]s ( a "y woman 7,pl4 #ch71bdb :i* be>s consid]able lik5ess bo? to ! ,solo?urn ,madonna & to ! portrait ( #aebh-i4 ,%e is repres5t$ almo/ full face1 ) eyes ca/ d[n1 & h] /raight hair fall+ 9 two l>ge plaits d[n h] back4 ,%e we>s a necklace ) a p5dant circul> m$allion ) ! ,cross ( ,/4 ,an?ony1 & across ! bord] ( h] bodice1 :i* is cut l[ & /raight1 runs ! device 8,,als4,,94,,ern4,,als4,,9 4440 78,9 ,all ,hon\r074#bdc ,! same heavily-lidd$ eyes1 prom95t nose1 well-*isell$ m\? ) its full lips1 d\ble *91 & slope ( ! %\ld]s1 occur bo? 9 ?is draw+ & 9 ! ,solo?urn alt>-piece1 & are ev5 m /rongly m>k$ 9 ! lat] portrait-gr\p1 ?\gh 9 ?is e>li] /udy ! features z yet be> few traces ( ! trials & exp]i5ces ( life1 b /ill reta9 mu* ( _! y\?ful bloom & fre%ness1 & ga9 a c]ta9 beauty f ! happy smile :i* lights !m up4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ch4 ,illu/ration3 ,,head ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,woman 7,probably ,holbe9's wife7 ,/udy = ! ,solo?urn 8,madonna0 ,silv]-po9t draw+1 t\*$ ) r$ ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,solo?urn ,,madonna0 ,all writ]s1 h[ev]1 are n agre$ 9 see+ 9 ! ,l\vre draw+ & 9 ! ,solo?urn ,madonna an idealis$ portrait ( ,holbe9's wife4 ,^? :o hold ! contr>y view reg>d x z almo/ impossible t s great a *ange z t to be not$ betwe5 ! fair & y\?ful face ( ! ,madonna & t ( ! sad & c>eworn1 eld]ly wife ( ! family gr\p c\ld h tak5 place 9 ! space ( sev5 ye>s4 ,mr4 ,g]ald ,davies1 :o fails to see ! lik5ess1 reg>ds ! ,l\vre draw+ z ! "w1 n ( ,holbe91 b ( 8 fa!r1 9 :i* case x _c be a portrait ( ,holbe9's wife1#bdd unless ! eld] pa9t] sp5t "s "t 9 ,basel ) 8 two sons1 t[>ds ! end ( 8 life1 z /at$ by e>li] writ]s1 ( :i* !re is no docum5t>y record4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 impossible to agree ) ?is writ] 9 8 ascription ( ?is draw+ to ,hans ,holbe9 ! ,eld]4 ,mrs4 ,=tescue1 9 h] rec5t book on ! pa9t]1 weaves a romance ar\nd ! ,l\vre draw+ :i* has no?+ to support x b imag9ation4 ,h] !ory is t ,holbe9 became enam\r$ ( 8 future wife %ortly aft] 8 arrival 9 ,basel1 & t he !n made ?is draw+1 ! fa%ion ( ! hair %[+ t %e 0 /ill unm>ri$4 ,! c\rse ( true love1 h[ev]1 did n run smoo?ly1 & ! consequ5t disappo9tm5t 0 ! real reason ( 8 8o!rwise inexplicable0 dep>ture = ,luc]ne 9 #aeag4 ,dur+ 8 two ye>s' abs5ce ,elsbe? m>ri$ ! tann] ,s*mid1 :o n long aft]w>ds di$1 leav+ h] free to become ! pa9t]'s wife :5 he r5ew$ 8 suit %ortly aft] 8 return to ,basel4 ,?is is a pretty little /ory1 b !re is n ! slighte/ evid5ce to be f\nd 9 support ( x4#bde ,on ! o!r h&1 ,woltmann & ,dr4 ,ganz are no d\bt correct 9 reg>d+ ! ,l\vre draw+ z ! actual fir/ /udy = ! ,solo?urn ,madonna4 ,sid5ote3 ,,/4 ,,ursula ,,& ,,/4 ,,george ,! picture 0 commission$ by ,hans ,g]/]1 t[n ar*ivi/ ( ,basel1 :o 0 n a native ( t city1 b ^: wife1 ,b>b>a ,guld5knopf1 0 a memb] ( a local family4 ,among ,g]/]'s (ficial duties 0 t ( conduct+ negotiations ) ! c\ncils ( neighb\r+ t[ns1 &1 aft] ,basel _h ent]$ ! ,swiss conf$]ation 9 #aeja1 "o ( ! places to :i* 8 (ficial duties frequ5tly took him 0 ,solo?urn4 ,!re he became a close fri5d ( ! ,coadjutor ,nikolaus von ,diesba*1 dean ( ,solo?urn ,m9/]1 :om he made 8 spiritual advis]4 ,circum/ances seem to indicate t 9 #aebb ,g]/] 0 "u "s suspicion z to illegal deal+s 9 ! ,imp]ial int]e/s1 :i* ev5tually br\ght ab\t 8 dismissal f (fice1 at ab\t ! same "t z ! fall ( t o!r e>ly patron ( ,holbe91 ,jakob ,mey]1 :o lo/ 8 seat 9 ! ,c\ncil ?r\gh simil> causes4 ,x has be5 sugge/$1 !re=e1 t ! picture 0 ord]$ = ! ,solo?urn ,m9/] on ! advice ( ! ,coadjutor1 9 expiation ( ,g]/]'s irregul> conduct4 ,= ! same reason1 accord+ to ^? :o hold t ! sa9tly figure on ! left repres5ts ! ,bi%op ( ,t\rs1 ,/4 ,m>t9 0 *os5 z ! p>ticul> sa9t to :om all s9n]s made appeal1 & 0 introduc$ z int]cessor = ! donor1 :ile ! kneel+ begg> may ev5 be a portrait ( ! ar*ivi/ himself4 ,! *asuble ! sa9t we>s is ! "o specially prescrib$ = ?is (fice1 :ile ! figure ( ,/4 ,ni*olas on ! mitre may h be5 plac$ !re 9 ord] to associate ! donor's fri5d1 ,nikolaus von ,diesba*1 ) ! int]cession4 ,x is possible t ! picture 0 a commission = ! ,/4 ,ni*olas ,*apel ( ! ,m9/]1 f\nd$ 9 #aebj1 = ! pres5ce ( ,/4 ,ursus1 ,solo?urn's patron sa9t1 proves t x 0 int5d$ = t place4#bdf ,z ! ye>s w5t by1 x suff]$ f neglect1 & ! "n ( ! ma/] :o _h pa9t$ x 0 =gott51 s t :51 9 #afdh1 ?is *apel 0 pull$ d[n & rebuilt1 ! picture 0 reg>d$ z ( n suffici5t value or beauty to be rehung ov] its alt>4 ,betwe5 #afhi & #agag x came into ! possession ( a c]ta9 ,canon ,h>tmann1 ! ,m9/] *oirma/]1 :o 9 #afhc built & end[$ ! little *apel ( ,all ,sa9ts on ! heights above ,gr5*51 to :i* he pres5t$ or bequea!d ! picture4 ,"h1 aga91 x does n appe> to h be5 reg>d$ z a "w ( any p>ticul> importance1 & ! process ( neglect & det]ioration cont9u$2 & :51 9 #ahfd1 x 0 r$iscov]$ by ,h]r ,franz ,anton ,zett] ( ,solo?urn1 9 ! same small *ur*1 x 0 hang+ high up on ! wall ( ! *oir1 black5$ ) ! smoke ( m ?an two hundr$ ye>s1 its panels worm-eat51 )\t a frame1 & susp5d$ by a cord ?r\gh two holes :i* _h be5 bor$ into ! picture itself4 ,al?\gh x 0 impossible to exam9e x closely1 ,h]r ,zett] 0 /ruck ) its beauty1 /ill to be disc]n$ ?r\gh all ! discoloration & damage1 & :51 %ortly aft]w>ds1 he he>d t ! *apel 0 be+ r5ovat$1 he made anxi\s inquiries z to its fate4 ,= "s "t all se>* = x prov$ unavail+1 b 9 ! end x 0 f\nd1 face d[nw>d1 & spla%$ all ov] ) :itewa%1 "u ! bo>ds :i* =m$ ! workm5's plat=m4 ,he 0 only j 9 "t to save x f f9al de/ruction4 ,^u exam9ation he discov]$ ! signature1 & feel+ conv9c$1 9 spite ( scepticism on ! "p ( o!rs :om he consult$1 t x 0 a g5u9e "w ( ! ma/]'s1 he pur*as$ x4 ,x 0 plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ,eign]1 ! keep] ( ! ,augsburg ,gall]y1 = re/oration1 ! "w occupy+ ?ree ye>s4 ,! /ate ( ! picture 0 s bad t re/oration 0 ess5tial1 & ?is1 on ! :ole1 0 well done1 ?\gh x suff]$ to "s ext5t dur+ ! process4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a sev5te5?-c5tury copy ( ! picture 9 exi/5ce1 :i* %[s t ! re/or] sub/itut$ yell[ = r$ 9 ! ,virg9's "r sleeve1 :i* does n h>monise ) ,holbe9's orig9al col\r-s*eme4 ,h]r ,zett] pres5t$ ! picture to ! ,gall]y ( 8 native t[n1 :]e x n[ occupies ! place ( hon\r1 s t1 ?anks to 8 acum5 & en?usiasm1 "o ( ,holbe9's f9e/ a*ievem5ts 9 sacr$ pa9t+ has be5 sav$ f oblivion4#bdg ,9 composition ! ,solo?urn ,madonna be>s close resemblance to a l>ge woodcut1 design$ by ,holbe91 on ! back ( ! title-page ( ! ,/atute ,book or ,t[n ,laws ( ,freiburg-im-,breisgau4#bdh ,?is book1 ,! ,municipal ,laws & ,/atutes ( ! ,praisewor?y ,t[n ( ,freiburg1 by ,ulri* ,zasius1 0 publi%$ 9 ,basel by ,adam ,petri 9 #aebj4 ,! ,virg9 is seat$ en?ron$ 9 front ( a ni*e ( ,r5aissance design4 ,9 h] attitude1 & ! way 9 :i* %e holds ! ,*ild on h] knees1 z well z 9 h] dress & h] long hair fall+ on h] %\ld]s1 !re is consid]able lik5ess to ! alt>-piece1 z also 9 ! two figures ( ! patron sa9ts ( ,freiburg :o /& on ei!r side ( h]1 ,/4 ,george1 ) "o h& re/+ on 8 %ield & a flag held al(t 9 ! o!r1 & clad1 l ,/4 ,ursus1 9 complete arm\r1 & ,bi%op ,lamb]t1 9 ri* ecclesia/ical dress1 & hold+ ! crozi]1 z ,/4 ,ni*olas does 9 ! ,solo?urn picture4 ,! simil>ity betwe5 ! two designs is p>ticul>ly close 9 ! position & movem5t ( ! arms & h&s ( ! ,infant ,*ri/4 ,! woodcut1 :i* is sign$ 8,h4 ,h40 on ! edge ( ! /ep on ! left1 & dat$ #aeai1 is ri*ly & gr&ly design$1 ! figures ( ! two sa9ts hav+ be5 conceiv$ ) great nobility1 & x is possible t ,holbe9 0 s satisfi$ ) its composition t he made use ( x two ye>s lat] :5 ,g]/] came to him = an alt>-piece4#bdi ,only "o o!r picture be>s ,holbe9's signature & ! date #aebb4 ,?is is ! full-l5g? repres5tation ( 8,/4 ,ursula10#bej :i* ) its companion1 8,/4 ,george10 is 9 ! ,k>lsruhe ,gall]y4 ,!y evid5tly =m$ ! w+s ( an alt>-piece1 ! c5tral panel ( :i* is miss+4 ,/4 ,ursula1 :o c>ries a numb] ( long arr[s 9 h] arms1 symbols ( h] m>tyrdom1 is clad 9 ! fa%ion ( ! ri* citiz5's wife ( ,holbe9's day1 z se5 9 ! set ( 8 co/ume /udies 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 & we>s a gold5 cr[n & a nimbus ) a b& ( ,r5aissance ornam5tation4 ,beh9d h]1 ! bran*es ( a fig-tree /& out aga9/ ! blue sky1 & l[ d[n on ! horizon is a l&scape ) a t[]4 ,h] necklace1 ) an op5work m$allion conta9+ ! cross ( ,/4 ,an?ony1 closely resembles ! "o 9 ! ,l\vre sket* ( ,holbe9's wife z a "y woman4 ,9 ! companion panel1 ,/4 ,george1#bea ) 8 flag grasp$ 9 8 left h&1 /&s ov] ! pro/rate dragon1 :i* he has transfix$ ) 8 spe>4 ,"h aga9 ! backgr\nd consi/s *iefly ( blue sky ) a di/ant hilly l&scape4 ,! types ( ! two heads are n unlike ! 8,adam & ,eve0 /udy ( #aeag1 :ile ! ,/4 ,ursula also recalls ! ,solo?urn ,madonna1 ?\gh ! face is less idealis$4 ,x is possible t 8 wife also sat = ?is picture4 ,! co/ume ( ,/4 ,george1 :o is cr[n$ ) a nimbus conta9+ 8 "n1 is v simil> to t ( ! ,ar*angel ,mi*ael 9 ! beautiful /udy 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y already describ$4#beb ,! 8,/4 ,ursula0 is sign$ & dat$ 8,,hans ,,holbe9 ,,mdxxii40 ,sid5ote3 ,,organ-,,case ,,doors ,,9 ,,basel ,,m9/] ,^! two panels h be5 r5ovat$ & ret\*$1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 mu* ( ,holbe9's orig9al bru%work has vani%$4 ,= ?is reason !y h be5 reg>d$ by "s writ]s z m]ely works ( ! ,holbe9 s*ool4 ,!y are accept$ z g5u9e1 h[ev]1 by su* mod]n critics z ,dr4 ,ganz & ,h]r ,knackfuss1 :ile ,woltmann1#bec :o speaks ( ! face & bu/ ( ,/4 ,ursula z delicately f9i%$ 9 ,holbe9's happie/ mann]1 ?\gh ! l[] "p ( h] figure & t ( ,/4 ,george are s inf]ior z to sugge/ a less skilful h&1 conjectur$ t !y 7 probably design$1 & 9 "p pa9t$1 by ! ma/] himself1 & execut$ "u 8 direction1 b )\t v c>eful sup]vision4 ,x has also be5 sugge/$ t !y 7 ! result ( a poorly-paid commission = "s village *ur*1 & t ,holbe91 9 consequ5ce1 did n take mu* tr\ble ov] !m2 b su* a supposition has little probability1 = ,holbe9 0 nev] satisfi$ ) inf]ior "w1 b always gave ( 8 be/1 bo? 9 great ?+s & small4 ,mr4 ,g]ald ,davies refuses to accept 8^! weak & slightly affect$ figures0 z possible "w ( ! pa9t] :o 9 ! same ye> produc$ s great a picture z ! ,solo?urn ,madonna4#bed ,!re c be little d\bt h[ev]1 t1 ?\gh damag$1 !y are f ! h& ( ! ma/] himself4 ,! two l>ge pa9t+s 9 mono*rome on canvas1 = ! decoration ( ! inn] sides ( ! doors ( ! case :i* cov]$ 9 ! organ 9 ! ,m9/] ( ,basel :5 x 0 n 9 use1 mu/ n be omitt$ 9 any consid]ation ( ,holbe9's "w = *ur* decoration4#bee ,!y surviv$ ! iconocla/ic outbreak ( #aebi2 possibly ! mob did n reg>d !m z religi\s pa9t+s1 or !y may h escap$ ow+ to _! position high up on ! wall ( ! nave1 & s n easily rea*$4 ,m]ian m5tions !m 9 8 ,topographia ,helveti1 publi%$ 9 #afbb1bef & 9 #agge ,emanuel ,b*el made a wat]-col\r draw+ ( !m 9 _! orig9al position1#beg = 8 collection ( ! monum5ts1 sculptures1 & pa9t+s 9 ,basel ,m9/]1 f :i* draw+ x is to be se5 t !y decorat$ ! upp] "p ( ! organ4 ,! organ-case 0 ( wood1 ri*ly c>v$ 9 ! /yle ( ! e>ly ,r5aissance1 & ,holbe9's decorations 7 pa9t$ 9 br[n mono*rome 9 ord] to produce ! effect ( simil> c>v+1 z ?\gh !y =m$ an integral "p ( ! case itself4 ,! organ 0 re/or$ 9 #afci1 :5 ! doors 7 repa9t$ by ,sixt ,r+le1 & 9 #aghf x 0 replac$ by a new "o1 ,holbe9's decorations & "s ( ! old c>v$ woodwork be+ deposit$ 9 ! ,public ,libr>y4 ,! doors suff]$ a second 8re/oration0 9 #ahdb1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> 7 remov$ to ! ,basel ,picture ,gall]y 7,no4 #cba74beh ,q rec5tly mu* ( ! ov]-pa9t+ has be5 remov$1 & x is possible to obta9 a good idea ( ! noble & decorative effect !y mu/ h produc$ :5 fre% f ,holbe9's bru% & 9 ! position int5d$ = !m4 ,9 spite ( ?is c>eful r5ovation1 h[ev]1 ! damage done to !m 9 e>li] days 0 s sev]e t mu* ( _! orig9al beauty has vani%$4 ,! figures are l>g] ?an life-size1 & produce ! effect ( c>v$ wood /atues4 ,happily1 ! orig9al /udy = !m1 a v beautiful & p[]ful p5-draw+ wa%$ ) br[n-black ,indian ink1 is to be f\nd among ! draw+s 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection 7,pl4 #ci74bei ,! design is on six v]tical /rips ( pap] fa/5$ toge!r4 ,! peculi> %ape ( ! doors necessitat$ consid]able +5uity on ! "p ( ! arti/ 9 ! arrangem5t ( 8 mat]ial1 & he succe$$ admirably 9 adapt+ ! spaces to 8 purpose4 ,ea* door is 9 ?ree divisions1 ! inn]mo/ be+ ! highe/4 ,9 ! left-h& %utt] ?is inmo/ space conta9s ! figure ( ! ,emp]or ,h5ry ,,ii1 f\nd] ( ,basel ,m9/]4 ,9 ! %ort]1 out] division /&s 8 wife1 ,kunigunde1 & betwe5 !m is a repres5tation ( ! ,m9/] itself4 ,on ! "r-h& w+ ! ,virg9 & ,*ild /& fac+ ! ,emp]or1 & 9 ! out] division1 ,/4 ,pantalus1 ! fir/ ,bi%op ( ,basel2 betwe5 !m is a gr\p ( small nude s++ & play+ angels4 ,! spaces above ! heads ( ! ,emp]or & ! ,virg91 & ! o!r spaces1 triangul> 9 %ape1 ov] ! c5tral "p ( ea* w+1 are fill$ 9 ) ,r5aissance ornam5tation4 ,! f\r l>ge figures are design$ ) great nobility1 & are v impressive 9 effect4 ,! horizon lies bel[ ! level ( ! gr\nd1 on acc\nt ( ! height at :i* ! doors 7 to be hung1 a frequ5t practice ( ,holbe9's 9 8 wall-pa9t+s1 & an obs]vance ( ! laws ( vision probably br\ght home to him by 8 /udy ( ,mantegna's works4 ,= ?is reason ! figures are repres5t$ z se5 f bel[ 9 effective p]spective =e%ort5+4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ci4 ,illu/ration3 ,,design ,,= ,,! ,,organ ,,doors1 ,,basel ,,ca!dral ,p5 & wa% draw+ ,,basel ,,gall]y ,! ,emp]or1 ) long be>d1 is %[n 9 pr(ile1 cr[n$1 & we>+ a royal mantle1 a sceptre 9 8 left h&4 ,8 ,empress1 also cr[n$1 c>ries a l>ge cross 9 h] h&s1 & /&s 9 ! curi\s ,basel mann] ( ^? days1 ) ! body ?ru/ =w>d1 & ! back b5t1 z 9 ,holbe9's co/ume /udies ref]r$ to 9 a lat] *apt]4#bfj ,! figure ( ! ,virg9 is nobly conceiv$4 ,! ,*ild fl+s 8 little arms r\nd h] neck1 & presses 8 *eek aga9/ h]s1 :ile %e clasps him closely to h] brea/ ) bo? h&s4 ,9 c>ry+ out ! design1 ,holbe9 made "o or two slight *anges 9 ! position ( ! ,*ild4 ,9 ! f9i%$ pa9t+ ! "r arm is n flung r\nd ! ,virg9's neck1 b1 in/ead1 ! h& re/s 9 ! b5d ( h] elb[1 :ile _! *eeks no long] t\*4 ,/4 ,pantalus1 9 full ecclesia/ical robes & mitre1 holds 8 crozi] 9 8 left h& & /ret*es out ! "r1 z ?\gh speak+4 ,! gr\p ( small *ild-angels1 ?ree ( :om bl[ trumpets1 :ile f\r o!rs hold a %eet ( music f :i* !y are s++1 is a design ( ! greate/ *>m1 ! figures be+ excell5tly gr\p$1 & drawn ) ! utmo/ fre$om4 ,!y are /urdy little boys1 ) curly hair & small w+s4 ,"o ( ! s+]s beats "t ) a /ick1 & ano!r does s ) 8 h&4 ,9 ! f9i%$ picture ?is %eet ( music is inscrib$ ) ! words f ! 8,song ( ,solomon0--8,quam pul*ra es amica40 ,! correspond+ division ( ! left w+1 repres5t+ ! ext]ior ( ! ,m9/]1 is j z free & ma/]ly a /udy1 & ! ,r5aissance ornam5t :i* is s clev]ly adapt$ to ! rema9+ spaces is 9 ! f9e/ ta/e4 ,?is decorative fill+ is n ! same on bo? doors1 & x is possible t ! arti/ int5d$ ! *ur* au?orities to select :i*ev] design !y pref]r$4 ,! "o *os5 0 t on ! "r-h& door1 ?\gh ! design on ! left-h& "o ) ! figure ( a nude *ild among ! foliage1 is ! m beautiful ( ! two4 ,! :ole composition 0 admirably suit$ = ! purpose = :i* x 0 int5d$1 & :5 ! doors 7 ?r[n op51 & ! organ itself 0 play$1 ! effect produc$ mu/ h be5 a f9e "o4 ,! dignifi$ conception ( ! f\r great figures 0 9 p]fect keep+ ) ! deep & solemn tones ( ! organ :i* !y decorat$4 ,nei!r ! doors !mselves1 nor ! design1 are dat$1 b ! beauty ( ! composition & ! brilliant & assur$ te*nique po9t to a p]iod t[>ds ! end ( ,holbe9's second soj\rn 9 ,basel1 ab\t #aebe1 %ortly be=e 8 dep>ture = ,engl&1 & !y are ?us ( ab\t ! same date z ! t5 designs 9 ,indian ink made = pa9t$ glass1 repres5t+ sc5es f ,*ri/'s ,passion4 ,among ! monum5tal works ( decorative pa9t+ und]tak5 by him dur+ 8 second resid5ce 9 ,basel1 ^! designs /& among ! highe/4 ,! influ5ces :i* 7 br\ght to be> ^u 8 art dur+ 8 soj\rn 9 ,italy f9d 9 !m _! fulle/ & mo/ dignifi$ expression1 happily bl5d$ ) & modifi$ by ^? o!r influ5ces1 spr++ f 8 native soil1 "u :i* he 0 tra9$ 9 8 fa!r's /udio4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,! ,,dance ,,& ,,! ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,,9 ,,! ,,basel ,,t[n ,,hall ,holbe9 z a mural decorator--,! 8,haus zum ,tanz0--,! 8,dance ( ,peasants0 frieze--,orig9al /udies & old copies--,decoration ( ! inn] walls ( ! new ,basel ,t[n ,c\ncil ,*amb]--8,*>ondas ( ,catanea0--8,zaleucus ( ,locris0--8,curius ,d5tatus0--8,sapor & ,val]ian0--,! s+le figures plac$ betwe5 ! l>ge compositions--,cessation ( ! "w be=e its completion4 ,,at ?is p]iod ( 8 life ,holbe9's "w 0 by no means conf9$ to ! pa9t+ ( portraits & *ur* pictures4 ,8 activity 0 ceaseless1 & e mom5t ( 8 "t mu/ h be5 fully occupi$4 ,9 addition to _m book illu/rations = ! publi%]s1 & designs = glass-pa9t]s1 arm\r]s1 & o!r craftsm51 he f\nd consid]able employm5t 9 decorat+ ! /reet-fronts ( h\ses ( c]ta9 ( ! lead+ citiz5s ) l>ge wall-pa9t+s1 &1 9 "s in/ances1 pa9t$ simil> decorations on ! inn] walls4 ,x is evid5t f v>i\s contempor>y & lat] ref]5ces t he cov]$ m ?an "o h\se 9 ,basel ) decorative designs 9 ?is fa%ion1 & t ! art ( wall-pa9t+1 practis$ 9 t city to "s ext5t be=e 8 "t1 receiv$ a great impetus f 8 example4 ,he c>ri$ x to a f> great] pit* ( excell5ce ?an _h be5 a*iev$ until !n 9 any c\ntry b ,italy1 & f\nd$ a s*ool ( monum5tal decorative design :i* exi/$ = a consid]able p]iod aft] 8 dea?1 & has be5 reviv$ aga9 9 mod]n times 9 ,luc]ne1 if n 9 ,basel4 ,un=tunately1 no?+ rema9s ( 8 orig9al "w 9 ?is field except a few isolat$ designs = "o or two faades1 & sev]al trac+s & inf]ior copies ( fragm5t>y rema9s ( ! actual wall-pa9t+s2 nor has any def9ite record be5 h&$ d[n 9 ,basel ( any p>ticul> dwell+ s decorat$ by him1 ) ! exception ( ! 8,h\se ( ! ,dance10 :i* obta9$ a wide celebrity 9 8 own day1 & 0 evid5tly look$ ^u z 8 ma/]piece4 ,9 c>ry+ out ! mural ornam5tation ( ?is build+ he all[$ 8 brilliant fancy full play1 & ex]cis$ ! greate/ +5uity 9 turn+ to advantage ! wide1 flat spaces ( ! commonplace frontage ) its irregul>ly-plac$ ,go?ic ar*$ w9d[s & op5+s1 cov]+ ! :ole ( x ) pa9t$ ,r5aissance ar*itecture ri* 9 columns & friezes1 balconies & elaborate porticoes & o!r features1 amid :i* *>act]s f anci5t hi/ory & fable & mod]n life 7 plac$ ) admirable effect4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,! ,,dance ,! 8,haus zum ,tanz0 0 s nam$ by 8 fell[-citiz5s f ! l>ge frieze repres5t+ a numb] ( peasants danc+ ) ! wilde/ m]rim5t & ab&on1 :i* at once took ! popul> fancy1 ?\gh x only =m$ a "p ( ! decoration4 ,an orig9al draw+ = ! n>r[ front faade /ill exi/s1 :ile !re is an old trac+ ( ,holbe9's /udy = ! g5]al design1 & "s sixte5?-c5tury copies ( 8 sket*es1 f :i* a good idea ( ! decorative effect produc$ aft] he _h f9i%$ ! "w c be obta9$4 ,x 0 a corn] h\se1 & /ood 9 ! ,eis5gasse1 ne> ! ,rh9e ,bridge1 & at t "t belong$ to ! weal?y goldsmi? ,bal?as> ,angelrot1 f :om ,holbe9 receiv$ ! commission4 ,! decorations1 probably c>ri$ out by him 9 #aebj1 7 /ill visible1 & describ$ by ,pat91 9 #afgf1 b t[>ds ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury _! fad$ rema9s 7 :itewa%$ ov]4 ,! old build+ itself /ood until #aijg1 :5 x 0 pull$ d[n & rebuilt4#bfa ,! plan ,holbe9 pursu$ %[s a m>k$ advance 9 8 conception ( decorative design :5 comp>$ ) ! e>li] pa9t+s ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se 9 ,luc]ne4 ,9 ! latt] l>ge pictures fill$ practically ! :ole ( ! wide spaces betwe5 ! w9d[s1 b he n[ ab&on$ ?is practice to a great ext5t1 & subord9at$ ! pictorial effect to "o 9 :i* ar*itecture play$ ! lead+ "p1 ! *>act]s introduc$ appe>+ z actual figures occupi$ 9 v>i\s ways amid ?is elaborate sett+4 ,! ma9 front ( ! h\se 0 v irregul> 9 its features4 ,!re 7 no /raight l9es1 = ! w9d[s diff]$ greatly 9 height & bread?1 & ^? ( "o /orey 7 9 mo/ in/ances n plac$ exactly ov] ^? 9 ! /orey bel[ !m4 ,to a pa9t] ( less] ma/]%ip ?an ,holbe9 su* a nondescript frontage w\ld h greatly increas$ ! difficulties to be ov]come 9 c>ry+ out a successful decorative s*eme2 9 8 case ! v difficulties appe> to h provid$ an add$ spur to 8 imag9ation & ! fanciful play ( 8 hum\r1 & he seiz$ ^u !m & turn$ !m to ! utmo/ advantage4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,ludwig ,isel91 9 8 notes on ,holbe9 writt5 t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! pa9t] reg>d$ 8 "w ^u ,angelrot's h\se ) "s am\nt ( satisfaction1 = :5 he revisit$ ,basel 9 ! autumn ( #aech1 & saw 8 wall-pa9t+s bo? on ! h\se-fronts & 9 ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] rapidly fad+ away1 he propos$ to repa9t !m at 8 own exp5se1 & 9 criticis+ 8 "w f\nd t ! 8,haus zum ,tanz0 0 8r good0 78,das ,haus zum tantz wr e9 w5ig gutt074 ,accord+ to ,!odor ,zw+] 7#aegg71bfb he receiv$ only =ty flor9s 7guld57 = ! :ole ( ?is "w1 v inadequate paym5t ev5 = ^? days1 consid]+ ! am\nt ( lab\r :i* he mu/ h giv5 to x4 ,?is ref]5ce ( ,zw+]'s is ( great int]e/1 z1 ) ! exception ( ! wall-pa9t+s 9 ! int]ior ( ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall1 x is ! only record s f> discov]$ ( ! prices ! arti/ 0 9 ! habit ( receiv+ = su* und]tak+s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,! ,,dance ,! h\se1 z already /at$1 0 a corn] "o ( ?ree /oreys1 ! left-h& & n>r[ side be+ ! "o :i* front$ ! ,eis5gasse4 ,! decoration cov]$ bo? sides1 & 0 pa9t$ m or less 9 p]spective1 s arrang$ t ! spectator1 9 ord] to obta9 ! full effect ( ! design1 mu/ /& at ! corn] angle ( ! h\se1 f :i* he c\ld see bo? sides at ! same "t4 ,on ! gr\nd floor he plac$ on ei!r side ( ! broad ar*$ w9d[s & ! n>r[] door at ! end ( ! *ief faade ?ick1 /umpy columns1 ) g>l&s hang+ bel[ _! ,ionic capitals4 ,he made skilful use ( ! ,go?ic =ms ( ! op5+s1 z !y actually exi/$1 9 su* a way t ! po9t$ ar*es appe>$ to be m]ely ! result ( p]spective =e%ort5+1 z se5 f ! spectator's /&po9t4 ,above ^! ar*es1 9 ! flat space b5ea? ! fir/-floor w9d[s1 0 pa9t$ ! broad b& conta9+ ! 8,bau]ntanz10 or 8,dance ( ! ,peasants10 :i* gave ! h\se its popul> "n4 ,?is b& 0 brok5 by a small oblong w9d[ ov] ! h\se-door1 :i* ,holbe9 utilis$ by turn+ x into a /one table1 ) cans & jugs = ! refre%m5t ( ! danc]s1 aga9/ :i* two musicians are lean+1 "o play+ ! bagpipes & ! o!r a w9d in/rum5t ( unusual %ape4 ,boi/]\s mir? reigns among ! danc]s4 ,_! flitt+ %ad[s are ca/ ^u ! wall beh9d !m1 z !y give full v5t to _! delight 9 life by means ( measures m en]getic ?an graceful1 & mu* r\gh-&-tumble play4 ,judg+ f ! f9e orig9al /udy 9 ! ,b]l9 ,pr9t ,room1#bfc :i* %[s a "p ( ?is frieze1 ! wall-pa9t+ itself mu/ h produc$ a vivid effect ( rapid1 lifelike movem5t1 & ev5 ( noise & laught]4 ,above ! ,dance1 decorat$ pila/]s support+ l(ty columns1 :i* ran up to ! top ( ! build+1 7 plac$ betwe5 ! w9d[s1 toge!r ) antique figures ( ,m>s1 ,v5us1 ,cupid1 & o!r gods4 ,above ^! aga9 ran a balcony ) an op5 balu/rad+1 support$ on project+ cornices1 ) num]\s figures ( ,holbe9's fell[-citiz5s 9 contempor>y co/ume walk+ ab\t & look+ ov] into ! /reet bel[1 "o ( !m ) a greyh\nd4 ,r\nd ! w9d[s ( ! second floor1 :i* 7 ( v>y+ heights1 he gave full play to 8 delight 9 ,r5aissance ar*itecture ( a v intricate & fanta/ic k9d1 includ+ 8 fav\rite r\nd m$allions conta9+ ! heads ( ,roman ,emp]ors & o!r classical h]oes & h]o9es1 friezes ) ri* ornam5tation1 grotesque figures ) human bodies & tails ( dolph9s1 & columns & ar*es se5 9 /rong p]spective4 ,on ! top floor ( all ! small w9d[s 7 giv5 ! appe>ance ( little squ>e t[]s surr\nd$ by brok5 & ru9$ ar*es & masonry1 ov]gr[n ) bu%es1 & beh9d & betwe5 !m ! blue sky4 ,on "o ( ! walls 0 a peacock1 & on ano!r a pa9t-pot ) ! bru% /uck 9 x1 z ?\gh left up !re by accid5t by ! pa9t] aft] ! "w _h be5 f9i%$ & ! scaffold+ remov$1 a pictorial joke :i* no d\bt ent]ta9$ ! pass]s-by4 ,! o!r frontage ( ! h\se fac$ a side /reet4 ,on ! wall ne>e/ ! corn] ,holbe9 pa9t$ a l(ty ar*$ doorway1 ) /eps lead+ to ! int]ior1 above :i* ,m>cus ,curtius1 br&i%+ a battle-axe1 0 repres5t$ on a great :ite1 re>+ horse1 on ! po9t ( plung+ into ! /reet1 & close bel[ him a ,roman soldi] 9 a cr\*+ position1 ) "r arm uplift$ 9 self-protection1 z ?\gh fe>ful t ! rid] w\ld fall ^u & cru% him4 ,beyond ?is doorway !re 7 no w9d[s on ! gr\nd floor1 b m]ely a few small ap]tures4 ,holbe9 cov]$ ?is surface ) ar*es & pill>s ) fe/oons1 & a l[ wall bel[4 ,ov] ?is wall ! spectator 0 suppos$ to obta9 a view ( ! /abl+ bel[ ! level ( ! /reet1 ) a groom 9 *>ge ( a f9e horse1 ! latt] atta*$ to a r+ at ! foot ( a l(ty column1 surm\nt$ by a figure ( ,hebe4 ,betwe5 ! w9d[s on ! floor above /ood a fat & y\?ful ,bac*us1 cr[n$ ) v9e-leaves1 & hold+ a cup 9 8 h&1 & at 8 feet a cask ) a second boy asleep aga9/ x1 & a cat /eal+ away ) a m\se 9 h] m\?4 ,above ?is floor ! treatm5t 0 ma9ly ar*itectural1 foll[+ ! l9es ( t on ! ,eis5gasse frontage4 ,! g5]al effect produc$ by ! :ole decoration mu/ h be5 an exceptionally gay & brilliant "o1 bo? f ! effective mann] 9 :i* ,holbe9 made free use ( ! ,r5aissance /yle ( ar*itecture1 & f ! joy\s life & movem5t ( ! num]\s figures depict$4 ,! decoration 0 int5d$ to amuse z well z to delight1 & ! tricks ( p]spective1 toge!r ) a realism ! ma9 purpose ( :i* 0 to deceive ! eye1 7 conceiv$ z a je/ :i* %\ld provide a s\rce ( cont9ual int]e/ & m]rim5t to ! pass+ citiz5s4 ,su* a me?od ( cov]+ h\se walls _h little 9 common ) ! "w he _h se5 9 ,italy1 except 9 ! sumptu\sness ( its sett+4 ,al?\gh x may h s9n$ aga9/ _m ( ! "r pr9ciples ( mural decorative art1 x nev]!less appeal$ /rongly to ! fancy & ta/e ( ! ,basel]s ( t day1 & 8took ! t[n0 s completely t x set a fa%ion :i* la/$ _m ye>s4 ,! hum\r & realism ( x1 h[ev]1 7 by no means its =emo/ features2 9 _m ways x mu/ h produc$ a decorative effect ( great beauty & ri*ness4 ,?\gh he gave free play to 8 fanta/ic imag9ation1 he at ! same "t kept x )9 reasonable b\nds1 s t x nev] (f5d$ aga9/ good ta/e1 except 9 a c]ta9 fre$om ( repres5tation 9 "s ( ! danc+ c\ples1 b 0 always subord9ate to ! high] aims ( 8 art4 ,sid5ote3 ,,wall-,,pa9t+ ,,= ,,am]ba* ,,h\se ,!re is a l>ge trac+ ( ! design 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :i* has evid5tly be5 tak5 f ,holbe9's orig9al draw+1 & !re are o!r copies1 almo/ contempor>y1 ( 8 orig9al /udies = portions ( ! "w1 "o %[+ ! l[] "p ( ! side wall ) ! horse & groom4 ,! ,b]l9 ,pr9t ,room1 z already not$1 possesses ! v beautiful draw+ f ,holbe9's own h&1 :i* is ! orig9al /udy = ! front faade1 %[+ ! musicians & ?ree ( ! danc+ c\ples ( ! 8,bau]ntanz10 ) :i* ! ,basel trac+ is 9 close agreem5t1 :ile 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection !re is a slight] v]sion1 ) c]ta9 v>iations1 ( ! upp] portion ( ! ,b]l9 draw+1 %[+ ! balcony ) figures4 ,x is a *alk & p5 draw+1 t\*$ ) ,indian ink4#bfd ,dr4 ,woltmann sugge/$ t ! man ) ! flat cap on ! extreme left ( ! balcony 9 ! ,b]l9 draw+1 :o is look+ d[n into ! /reet1 is int5d$ = a portrait ( ,holbe9 himself4 ,9 addition1 ! ,basel ,gall]y possesses good copies ( ! frieze ) ! danc]s 7,no4 #cec71bfe & ( ! portion ( ! faade ) ! m\nt$ figure ( ,m>cus ,curtius1#bff made by ! glass-pa9t] ,niklaus ,rippel 9 #afbc & #aeij respectively4 ,rippel 0 ma/] ( ! ,basel ,pa9t]s' ,guild 9 #aehg4 ,! 8,curtius0 draw+ is inscrib$ 89 frontispicio domus10 & is evid5tly a fai?ful transcript ( ! orig9al2 s mu* s t by its means x is possible to obta9 a v adequate idea ( ! gr&eur ( ,holbe9's design1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! magnific5t gr\p ( ! horse & its arm$ rid]1 9 :i* ! ,mantegnesque influ5ce is unmi/akable4 ,f9ally1 !re is 9 ! same ,gall]y an excell5t recon/ruction ( ! :ole frontage 7,no4 #ceb71 a wat]-col\r draw+ made by ,h4 ,e4 von ,b]leps* 9 #ahgh1 bas$ ^u ! ,b]l9 /udy & ! sixte5?-c5tury copies ( ,holbe9's sket*es4#bfg ,"o or two orig9al /udies rema91 :i* 7 evid5tly made z designs = ext]ior wall-pa9t+s ( :i* all record has be5 lo/4 ,!re is a slight b ma/]ly wa%$ p5 draw+ 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection 7,pl4 #dj 7#a771bfh repres5t+ ! upp] "p ( a h\se 9 :i* ! irregul>ly-plac$ w9d[s h be5 adapt$ ) ! greate/ skill to suit ! purposes ( ! elaborate s*eme ( ,italian ar*itecture1 "o "p ( :i* is made to rec$e by a s]ies ( flat columns ) ornam5t$ capitals se5 9 %>p p]spective1 :ile ! o!r half appe>s to project1 & %[s ! seat$ figure ( an ,emp]or1 possibly ,*>lemagne1 betwe5 two w9d[s1 to :i* ,holbe9 has giv5 r\nd$ ar*es ) a m$allion betwe5 !m conta9+ an antique head4 ,dr4 ,ganz is1 no d\bt1 "r 9 8 sugge/ion t ?is draw+ is a /udy = a s*eme ( decoration = ! faade ( ! family h\se ( ! ,am]ba*s 9 ! ,rhe+asse1 9 ,little ,basel1 & t ! figure ( ! en?ron$ ,emp]or is a pictorial repres5tation ( ! "n--8zum ,kais]/uhl0--by :i* ! h\se 0 kn[n4 ,probably ,holbe9 receiv$ a commission = its decoration 9 #aeai1 at ! "t he 0 pa9t+ ,bonifacius ,am]ba*'s portrait4#bfi ,9 ! same collection !re is a design = a framework to surr\nd an ord9>y squ>e-head$ w9d[1 ei!r = int]nal or ext]nal wall-pa9t+1#bgj ov] :i* he has ?r[n an ornam5t$ ar* fill$ 9 ) scallop+1 & cr[n$ ) a brazi] f :i* flames are bl[+4 ,x is support$ by pill>s ( elaborate & fanta/ic design1 brok5 up into v>i\s b&s ( ri* ornam5t1 among !m ox skulls ) small hang+ g>l&s4 ,at ! base1 on ea* side1 is a nude figure ( a woman ) a basket ( fire on h] head4 ,! w9d[1 only "o half ( :i* is %[n1 is support$ bel[ ) corbels1 ! c5tral "o ) a grotesque head ) an iron r+ susp5d$ f its m\?4 ,a ?ird sket*1 = ! gr\nd floor ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se1 has be5 already describ$4#bga ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #dj4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,/udy ,,= ,a ,,pa9t$ ,,h\se ,,front ,,) ,,! ,,figure ,,( ,a ,,seat$ ,,emp]or ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,! ,,ambassadors ,,( ,,! ,,samnites ,,be=e ,,curius ,,d5tatus #aeba-bb ,fragm5t ( ! wall-pa9t+ =m]ly 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,leg5d ,,( ,,! ,,inn 8,,zur ,,blume0 ,9 ! collection ( draw+s 9 ! ,l\vre !re is an elaborately drawn design = ! decoration ( a h\se ) a n>r[ frontage & high-pit*$ gables1#bgb :i*1 al?\gh n f ,holbe9's own h&1 be>s consid]able resemblance to 8 /yle & me?ods 9 c>ry+ out l>ge mural pa9t+s4 ,x may be a contempor>y copy ( "o ( 8 designs1 or1 p]haps1 an orig9al "w by "o ( ! clev] ,basel arti/s :o adopt$ 8 mann]4 ,! ar*itectural details1 h[ev]1 are *>act]is$ by a fanta/ic play ( fancy c>ri$ beyond ! limits ,holbe9 usually prescrib$ = himself 9 "w ( ?is nature4 ,"s ( !m are frankly impossible1 & if actually c>ri$ out 9 brick or /one w\ld at once fall to pieces4 ,?is elem5t ( ar*itectural absurdity is to be se5 v cle>ly 9 ! l>ge capital 9 ! c5tre support$ by a mu* weak] & small] "o1 9 ! curi\s ?9 b&s ( project+ /onework ) circul> op5+s ?r\gh :i* all ! columns pass1 & ! equally curi\s circul> vault+ ov] ! door1 ) r\nd op5+s ?r\gh :i* two cupids b5d d[n 9 ! act ( support+ a coat ( arms4 ,! pr9cipal features ( ! design are two deep b&s divid$ by ! columns into panels conta9+ combats betwe5 sir5s & grotesque m5 ) fi%-l extremities end+ 9 spirals ( foliage4 ,on ei!r side ( ! w9d[s ( ! second floor d\ble columns are set close toge!r1 betwe5 :i* ?ree nude old m5 are /riv+ to =ce !mselves4 ,on ! topmo/ /orey two figures are look+ ov] a balcony 9 front ( two small w9d[s4 ,m$allions ) antique heads are freely introduc$1 & e "p ( ! h\se-face is s lavi%ly cov]$ ) small ornam5tation t ! eye becomes confus$1 & ! g5]al effect produc$ is "o ( re/lessness & ov]-elaboration4 ,bel[ ! gr\nd-floor w9d[ a fictiti\s op5+ is %[n1 9 :i* two l>ge dogs are fight+ ov] a bone4 ,woltmann sugge/s t a passage 9 ,dr4 ,ludwig ,isel9's notes has ref]5ce to ^! two animals1 & may be tak5 z "s indication t ?is p>ticul> design = h\se-decoration 0 ,holbe9's own1 & _h be5 c>ri$ out by him 9 ,basel4 ,isel9 says1 9 speak+ ( ! arti/'s tru?fulness to nature3 8,he pa9t$ a dog1 at :i* dogs runn+ pa/ us$ to b>k40#bgc ,sid5ote3 ,,leg5d ,,( ,,! ,,inn 8,,zur ,,blume0 ,an old ,basel leg5d1 :i*1 l s _m o!r leg5ds1 has no evid5ce to support x1 connects ,holbe9's "n ) ! decoration ( ano!r h\se 9 ,basel--! inn 8zur ,blume0 9 ! ,fis*m>ktplatz4 ,! /ory runs t ! pa9t] 0 deeply 9 debt to ! innkeep]1 & 9 ord] to pay 8 dues he und]took to cov] ! outside ( ! h\se ) frescoes2 b ! "w progress$ too sl[ly = ! own]1 & ,holbe9's abs5ces 9 se>* ( enjoym5t 7 too frequ5t1 s t ! =m] kept a close wat* ^u him1 & ?reat5$ to cut (f supplies unless he rema9$ at 8 po/4 ,! pa9t]'s +5uity1 h[ev]1 0 equal to ! em]g5cy4 ,:5 he 0 at "w high up on ! build+ 8 body 0 hidd5 f ! view ( ^? 9 ! /reet by ! scaffold+1 b 8 legs 7 /ill 9 sight1 s he pa9t$ a fictiti\s pair on ! wall1 z ?\gh dangl+ d[n1 ) feet cross$2 & see+ ^!1 ! l&lord ?\ght all 0 well1 & s left 8 arti/ to 8 own devices4 ,! mo/ important "w 9 wall-pa9t+ und]tak5 by him at ?is p]iod 0 ! decoration ( ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] 9 ! newly-rebuilt ,t[n ,hall or ,ra?aus ( ,basel4 ,9 #aejd x 0 decid$ to replace ! old build+ ) a new "o1 & ! "w 0 begun 9 #aejh & complet$ e>ly 9 #aeba1 ! ,c\ncil assembl+ 9 x = ! fir/ "t on ! #ab? ( ,m>* 9 ! latt] ye>4 ,! decoration ( ! int]ior walls ( ! *ief room 0 giv5 to ,holbe91 p>tly1 no d\bt1 ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( 8 patron1 ,jakob ,mey]1 :o 0 /ill burgoma/]1 ?\gh 8 tr\bles 7 already beg9n+1 & culm9at$ be=e ! close ( t ye>1 :5 he 0 remov$ f (fice4 ,! commission mu/ h be5 ma9ly due1 h[ev]1 to ! ,c\ncil's k ( ,holbe9's skill & inv5tive p[]s 9 ?is bran* ( art1 z %[n 9 ! decorations ( sev]al h\se-fronts 9 ! city4 ,! pa9t] cont9u$ 8 "w 9 ! ,*amb] aft] ! deposition ( ,jakob ,mey] & ! election ( ,adelb]g ,mey]1 :o 0 unrelat$ to 8 pr$ecessor1 to ! po/ ( *ief magi/rate4 ,accord+ to ! acc\nt books ( ! ,c\ncil1 ! commission 0 giv5 to ! pa9t] on ! #ae? ,june #aeba1 on ! day ( ,/4 ,veit & ,/4 ,mode/us1 & ! contract /at$ t he 0 to receive #abj guld5 = ! :ole "w1 & t he 0 to be paid 9 advance by ! 8,drei ,h]rn10 :o 7 ! memb]s ( ! ,c\ncil :o controll$ ! f9ances1 on ! day ( ! sign+ ( ! contract1 =ty guld51 or fifty ,basel p\nds1 ! guld5 be+ equal to "o ,basel p\nd & a qu>t]4#bgd ,! rema9+ paym5ts1 9 small] am\nts1 7 made to him on ! #bj? ,july & #ad? ,septemb] #aeba1 & on ! #ab? ,april1 #af? ,june1 #ca/ ,augu/ & #bi? ,novemb] #aebb4 ,he receiv$ no money dur+ ! w9t] ( #aeba-bb1 :5 ! "w1 no d\bt1 w\ld be tempor>ily susp5d$ ow+ to ! %ortness ( ! days & ! lack ( good light4 ,?is is "o ( ! few in/ances 9 :i* we possess au!ntic records ( ! am\nts receiv$ by ,holbe9 = 8 "w4 ,sid5ote3 ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,,9 ,,basel ,,t[n ,,hall ,! ,t[n ,hall1 :i* /ood 9 ! m>ket-place1 ) ! h\se ( ,jakob ,mey]1 8zum ,has510 adjo9+ x on ! s\?1 has und]gone consid]able *anges s9ce its build+1 s t to-day bo? ! ext]ior & int]ior are by no means 9 ! same condition z :5 ,holbe9 0 work+ !re4 ,9 ^? days ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] 0 an irregul> quadrangle1 ab\t #cd feet by #fe feet1 & only #ab feet high1 & ! ceil+ 0 support$ by ?ree columns d[n ! c5tre ( ! room4 ,! wall front+ ! m>ket-place 0 entirely fill$ ) l>ge w9d[s & ! doors lead+ to ! *ief /aircase1 & provid$ no space = decorative treatm5t1 s t ,holbe9's "w 0 conf9$ to ! ?ree rema9+ walls1 ! long "o opposite1 :i* 0 also brok5 up by two w9d[s & two doors1 & ! two n>r[] ones at ei!r end1 :i* 7 n p>allel4 ,( ^! latt]1 ! "o on ! nor? _h a heat+ *amb] & a l>ge /ove at "o end ( x1 & 0 sep>at$ f ! re/ ( ! hall by a balu/rade4 ,! only unbrok5 wall 0 at ! s\!rn end1 next ,mey]'s h\se4 ,x 0 call$ 9 ! acc\nts ! 8back wall10 because ! visitor turn$ 8 back on x on ent]+ ! room1 & ?is wall 0 n decorat$ by ,holbe9 until aft] 8 return f 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,tak+ x altoge!r1 ! room 0 s l[ & s irregul> 9 its arrangem5t t x 0 by no means well suit$ = c>ry+ out a s*eme ( mural decoration on a monum5tal scale2 b ,holbe9 triumph$ ov] all difficulties1 & produc$ magnific5t results1 s f> z c be judg$ f ! few /udies1 trac+s1 & copies :i* rema94 ,! subjects select$ = repres5tation 7 divid$ f "o ano!r by ri*ly-ornam5t$ ,r5aissance columns1 s t ! room1 :5 f9i%$1 appe>$ to be op5 on all sides1 "h look+ out ^u "s l&scape1 & !re into "s great hall or palace made to appe> va/ by ! clev] use ( p]spective4 ,betwe5 ! pr9cipal pictures 7 plac$ small]1 s+le-figure subjects1 /&+ 9 ni*es on a some:at high] level1 & =m+ "p ( ! ar*itectural framework4 ,! subjects ( ! l>g] pa9t+s 7 ( ! k9d !n popul> nor? ( ! ,rh9e1 & 7 int5d$1 by means ( celebrat$ examples tak5 f anci5t hi/ory1 to br+ home to ^? :o us$ ! room1 ! absolute necessity ( imp>tial ju/ice 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! affairs ( a /ate or community1 & at ! same "t to indicate ! puni%m5t :i* 9 mo/ cases is b\nd to foll[ ! break+ ( ! law1 & to extol ! virtues ( simplicity & a love ( c\ntry free f all self-seek+4 ,^! subjects1 & ! ,lat9 inscriptions :i* accompani$ !m1 7 n ,holbe9's own inv5tion1 b 71 9 all probability1 select$ = him by su* le>n$ fri5ds z ,myconius & ,beatus ,rh5anus4#bge ,! only records :i* rema9 ( ?is great "w1 all ( :i* are 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 consi/ ( a few fragm5ts tak5 f ! walls be=e ! la/ traces ( ! pa9t+s _h f9ally fad$ away2 orig9al /udies = ?ree ( ! *ief subjects f ,holbe9's own h&2 a few contempor>y copies ( 8 designs2 & o!rs tak5 f ^? p>ts ( ! design :i* c\ld /ill be disc]n$ at ! "t :5 ! actual fragm5ts ( ,holbe9's h&iwork 7 cut away f ! walls4 ,un=tunately ! pa9t+s !mselves _h b a %ort life4 ,less ?an fifty ye>s aft] ! la/ "o 0 complet$ !y 7 already 9 a deplorable condition1 l>gely ?r\gh damp4 ,probably ! ?ree mon?s' int]val :i* elaps$ betwe5 ! completion ( ! build+ & ! beg9n+ ( its decoration 0 due to ! desire to all[ ! walls to become ?or\ghly dry2 b ev5 ?is precaution 0 n suffici5t to save ,holbe9's h&iwork f gradual de/ruction4 ,! walls1 possibly f faulty con/ruction1 appe> nev] to h become entirely free f moi/ure1 :ile ! pa9t+s 7 also all[$ to suff] f g5]al neglect4 ,wur/is5 9 8 ,epitome ,hi/ori ,basili5sis1 publi%$ 9 #aegg1bgf speaks ( !m z 8del9eations ( ! *oice/ ?+s by ! h& ( ! ,g]man ,apelles10 b two ye>s lat] ! l>ge/ ( !m 0 report$ to be s t]ribly injur$ by ! wea!r t x 0 9 dang] ( complete de/ruction4 ,! ,c\ncil1 !re=e1 commission$ ! pa9t] ,hans ,bock to make a copy ( x 9 oils on canvas1 :i*1 :5 complet$1 0 hung on ! wall 9 front ( ! orig9al pa9t+4 ,?is 8l>ge piece10 :i* ,bock copi$ 9 #aegi1 0 probably ! :ole ( ! back wall1 conta9+ ! 8,rehoboam0 & ! 8,samuel & ,saul40 ,?is "w occupi$ 8 :ole "t = tw5ty-six weeks1 & 8 application = paym5t = ?is half-ye>'s "w1 dat$ ! #bcrd ,novemb] #aegi1 to be f\nd among ! ,basel ar*ives4 ,9 x he dem&s "o hundr$ flor9s1 a sum :i* ! ,c\ncil evid5tly consid]$ too great1 al?\gh x works out at little m ?an a %ill+ a day 9 mod]n money1 a mod]ate b n a contemptible wage z rates ( paym5t w5t 9 ^? days4 ,among ! reasons ,bock gives = ask+ s mu* is t f> m is really due to a copyi/1 :o has to imitate labori\sly ! "w ( ano!r1 ?an to "o :o pa9ts m]ely f 8 own fancy2 & he goes on to say t1 8among all ! ,holbe9 pieces 9 ! pa9t$ hall1 ?is is n only ! greate/ 9 l5g?1 b also conta9s ! mo/ difficult & labori\s "w1 z1 besides l&scape1 !re are "o hundr$ faces drawn p]fectly or p>tially1 s t ,i mu/ copy !m all piece by piece1 besides _m horses1 weapons1 & o!r ?+s40#bgg ,! details he m5tions 7 only to be f\nd 9 "o ( ! pa9t+s1 t ( 8,samuel & ,saul10 ?\gh x did n conta9 ne>ly "o hundr$ heads1 b ) ! adjo9+ picture ( 8,rehoboam10 :i* ,bock probably includ$1 ! numb] w\ld be ne>ly correct4 ,sid5ote3 ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,"o hundr$ ye>s lat] ! wall-pa9t+s 7 /ill to be se51 ?\gh rapidly det]iorat+4 ,!y are m5tion$ by ,tonjola 7#affa71 :o quotes ! v>i\s inscriptions :i* accompani$ !m1#bgh & by ,pat9 7#afgf71 :o speaks ( ! ?ree walls ( ?is hall z pa9t$ by ,holbe94 ,aft] ?is all traces ( !m 7 gradually lo/1 damp & neglect almo/ oblit]at+ !m4 ,!y 7 no long] visible 9 #agif1 = ,pet] ,o*s does n m5tion !m 9 8 description ( ! ,c\ncil ,*amb]4#bgi ,ev5 ,bock's copy seems to h fall5 to pieces1 & 9 ! end ! walls 7 cov]$ ) tape/ry hang+s1 & ,holbe9's "w 0 completely =gott54 ,9 #ahag1 h[ev]1 :5 "s repairs 7 c>ri$ out 9 ! hall1 necessitat+ ! removal ( ! tape/ries1 a few rema9+ traces ( ! orig9al "w 7 discov]$4 ,on ! fresco ( 8,*>ondas10 on ! nor? wall1 ! date #aeba 0 /ill legible4 ,sev5 fragm5ts ( consid]able size 7 sav$1 f ! ?ree pa9t+s ( 8,rehoboam10 8,curius ,d5tatus10 & 8,zaleucus10 & small copies ( ! *ief rema9s 7 made 9 wat]-col\rs by ,hi]onymus ,hess = ! art firm ( ,birmann1 & ^! are n[ pres]v$ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,nos4 #cbh-ccb74 ,f su* inadequate mat]ials z ^! x is possible to obta9 only a v g5]al idea ( ! orig9al beauty ( ?is great und]tak+4 ,x w\ld be suppos$ t ^! mural decorations1 pa9t$ z !y 7 on int]ior walls1 w\ld h long outliv$ ,holbe9's "w ( a simil> nature on ! ext]ior faades ( ,h]t5/e9's mansion & ! ,h\se ( ! ,dance1 :]eas ! contr>y 0 ! case1 = 9 bo? ! la/-nam$ in/ances ! pa9t+s rema9$ 9 fairly good condition until comp>atively mod]n times4 ,?is indicates t ! cause ( ! rapid de/ruction ( ! ,t[n ,hall decorations 0 n ow+ to ,holbe9's lack ( k ( ! prop] me?ods ( fresco pa9t+1 b 0 due solely to bad build+ on ! "p ( ! ,c\ncil's ar*itect1 &1 lat] on1 to neglect at ! h&s ( ! au?orities1 :o made no adequate attempt to pres]ve works :i* add$ s great a di/9ction to _! build+4 ,! f\r *ief subjects pa9t$ by ,holbe9 9 #aeba-bb 7--7#a7 ,*>ondas ( ,catanea1 ! law-giv] ( ! city ( ! ,?urii1 :o _h issu$ a decree =bidd+ ! we>+ ( arms 9 ! public assembly "u pa9 ( dea?1 b himself inadv]t5tly broke ! law4 ,hurry+ to ! c\ncil *amb] f a j\rney1 he =got to leave 8 weapons beh9d him2 & on att5tion be+ call$ to ?is by "o ( 8 enemies1 he imm$iately cri$ out1 8,by ,zeus6 ! law %all be ma/]10 & ran himself ?r\gh ) 8 sword4 7#b7 ,zaleucus ( ,locris1 ^: laws puni%$ adult]y by ! loss ( bo? eyes4 ,8 only son 0 f\nd guilty ( ?is crime1 b ! p begg$ him to %[ m]cy1 z ! culprit 0 8 heir1 & _! future rul]4 ,zaleucus resi/$ _! entreaties = a long "t1 b 9 ! end yield$ to ! ext5t ( sacrific+ "o ( 8 own eyes1 & ord]+ only "o ( 8 son's to be remov$1 ?us uphold+ ! maje/y ( ! law4 7#c7 ,curius ,d5tatus1 :o1 kneel+ be=e 8 fire1 prep>+ 8 mode/ meal1 s5ds away ! ambassadors ( ! ,samnites1 :o h come ) ri* pres5ts 9 ord] to p]suade him to take no "p 9 ! w> aga9/ !m4 7#d7 ,sapor1 k+ ( ,p]sia1 :o is mak+ use ( ! body ( ! captive emp]or ,val]ian z a /ep f :i* to m\nt 8 horse4 ,betwe5 ^! pictures 7 plac$ s+le figures ( ,*ri/1 ,k+ ,david ) ! h>p1 ,ju/ice1 ,wisdom1 & ,temp]ance4 ,! rema9+ l>ge subjects1 :i* 7 pa9t$ 9 #aecj-ca1 7 ,rehoboam spurn+ ! ,eld]s ( ,israel1 ,saul rebuk$ by ,samuel1 & possibly ,hezekiah break+ ! ,idols4 ,9 ! picture ( 8,*>ondas0 ! action takes place 9 a l(ty hall1 its ro( support$ by ri*ly-decorat$ columns1 ) long ar*itraves cov]$ ) b&s ( sculptur$ figures & m$allions4 ,*>ondas /&s 9 front ( ! c\ncillors 9 ! act ( plung+ 8 sword into 8 brea/1 z ) uplift$ eyes he calls ! gods to witness t he is prep>$ at all co/s to uphold ! laws4 ,"s ( ! onlook]s sit spell-b\nd1 too ov]come ) surprise & agitation to attempt to /ay 8 h&1 :ile o!rs are /ill disput+ among !mselves z to ! necessity or ju/ice ( s sev]e a puni%m5t = s trivial a fault4 ,?is is "o ( ! frescoes :i* ,hess copi$ 9 #ahag1bhj & ! ,basel ,gall]y also possesses a contempor>y copy ( ,holbe9's orig9al design1#bha :i* 0 probably made by "s pupil or assi/ant atta*$ to 8 own work%op4 ,:5 ! two are comp>$1 x becomes app>5t t ,holbe91 :5 he came to pa9t ! subject ^u ! wall1 add$ consid]ably to its l5g?4 ,hess's copy is almo/ twice z long z x is high1 & on ei!r side ?ree or f\r figures h be5 add$ to ! gr\p ( c\ncillors :i* d n appe> 9 ! copy ( ! fir/ design1 :i* is almo/ squ>e 9 its proportions1 & corresponds 9 size ) ,holbe9's orig9al design = ! 8,sapor0 subject4#bhb ,sid5ote3 8,,! ,,bl9d+ ,,( ,,zaleucus0 ,9 ! 8,zaleucus0 ! sc5e is laid 9 a great *amb] ) a l>ge ar*$ op5+ at "o end1 ?r\gh :i* c be se5 ! out] walls ( ! palace & o!r ,r5aissance build+s illum9at$ by sun%9e4 ,! bl9d+ ( ! two m5 is depict$ ) great realism4 ,! son falls back 9 8 *air1 ) op5 m\? & a look ( t]ror on 8 face z ! execution] prep>es to te> out 8 left eye4 ,opposite to him 8 fa!r1 cr[n$1 9 pr9cely robes1 an ag$ man1 ) long silv]y be>d1 sits 9 8 *air ( /ate1 plac$ 9 front ( heavy tape/ry hang+s1 freely (f]+ himself to ! torture4 ,holbe9 has v skilfully m>k$ ! contra/ betwe5 ! abject fe> ( ! culprit1 :o appe>s ab\t to scream al\d1 & ! old man1 :o makes ready to meet ! %>p pa9 ) dignifi$ re/ra9t1 & only displays 8 feel+s 9 ! way 9 :i* he grips ! arms ( 8 ?rone4 ,9 ! case ( ! son1 ! execution]1 dress$ 9 ! body arm\r ( a ,roman soldi]1 is us+ consid]able viol5ce2 9 t ( ! fa!r1 he is fir/ exam9+ ! eye ) a l5s 9 ord] t he may remove x ) z little pa9 z possible4 ,?is sev]e object-lesson 9 ! maje/y ( ! law is witness$ by a great cr[d ( spectators1 all clad 9 togas1 :o reg>d ! sc5e ) cont5d+ emotions ( horror & compassion4 ,two fragm5ts ( ! orig9al pa9t+ are /ill pres]v$ at ,basel--! head ( ,zaleucus 7,no4 #cca71 & t ( "o ( ! spectators 7,no4 #ccb74 ,( ?is fresco also !re is a wat]-col\r copy at ,basel made by ,hess f ! almo/ oblit]at$ orig9al1#bhc & a sixte5?-c5tury copy ( ,holbe9's design = x4#bhd ,9 ?is case ! two copies agree 9 _! proportions1 & indicate t ! pa9t+ 0 "o ( ! small] ( ! *ief subjects ) :i* ! room 0 decorat$4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 ?ree o!r old copies ( ?is wall-pa9t+ exi/1 "o by ,h4 ,r4 ,manuel 9 a private collection 9 ,france1 "o by ,j4 ,w5tz1 done 9 #aeea1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,collection1 & ! ?ird 9 a glass pa9t+ ( #aehj4bhe ,( ! picture ( 8,curius ,d5tatus0 no record rema9s beyond ! wat]-col\r copy made by ,hess 9 #ahag1bhf & a fragm5t ( ! pa9t+ itself 9 a bad /ate ( pres]vation1 %[+ ! heads ( ! ?ree =emo/ ( ! five ,samnite ambassadors 7,no4 #ccj7 7,pl4 #dj 7#b774bhg ,f ,hess's copy x is to be ga!r$ t ?is composition mu/ h be5 an exceptionally f9e "o1 ?\gh "o ( ! smalle/ ( ! s]ies4 ,! *>act]s are plac$ "u an op5 portico ) r\nd ar*es ?r\gh :i* a wide expanse ( c\ntry is se54 ,!re is a tall tree 9 ! =egr\nd1 & 9 ! di/ance build+s & a bridge ov] a riv]1 & a l(ty m\nta94 ,curius1 dress$ 9 ,roman arm\r1 is kneel+ 9 front ( 8 op5 he>?1 cook+ 8 ev5+ repa/1 & look+ r\nd1 )\t ris+1 at ! five ambassadors1 :o are attir$ 9 ri* ,r5aissance dress1 & be> gold5 vessels & a l>ge di% full ( gold4 ,curius1 refus+ _! bribes1 po9ts to ! turnips he is cook+1 & exclaims3 8,malo hc 9 fictilibus meis esse et aurum hab5tibus imp]>e0 78,i w\ld r h ^! 9 my pot & rule ov] ^? :o h gold074 ,^! words 7 pa9t$ ov] ! picture itself4 ,ea* "o ( ! l>g] compositions1 z well z ! s+le figures1 _h simil> pa9t$ inscriptions 9 ,lat91 & o!r admonitory c\plets 7 plac$ ^u ! walls1 ! text ( all ( !m be+ giv5 by ,tonjola 9 8 ,basilea ,sepulta4 ,! hall 9 :i* ,curius is receiv+ ! ,samnites fills ! upp] half ( ! fresco1 & is support$ on masonry :i* occupies ! l[] half1 9 :i* is se5 ! op5+ to a vault$ *amb] or cell>1 9 front ( :i* /&s an arm$ man1 possibly int5d$ to repres5t ! mess5g] ( ! ,basel ,t[n ,c\ncil1 z he is dress$ 9 ! black-&-:ite armorial col\rs ( ! city1 & we>s a small badge ) ! city's coat ( arms fa/5$ to 8 %\ld]4 ,8 "r h& is rais$ to 8 fea!r$ hat z ?\gh he 7 ab\t to salute ! spectator4 ,?is picture 0 int5d$ to glorify republican simplicity1 & may h _h ref]5ce also to ! burn+ "q ( ! 8,fr5* p5sions10 :i* help$ to br+ ab\t ,jakob ,mey]'s d[nfall4#bhh ,sid5ote3 8,,sapor ,,& ,,val]ian0 ,( ! f\r? picture1 8,sapor & ,val]ian10 ! only record rema9+ is ! beautiful design at ,basel f ,holbe9's own h& 7,pl4 #da74bhi ,! draw+ is lightly wa%$ ) wat]-col\r1 *iefly r$ 9 ! faces & ! brickwork ( ! ar*itectural backgr\nd1 & blue & grey 9 o!r p>ts4 ,?is picture 0 "o ( ! n>r[] ones1 & ! space 0 cr[d$ ) figures4 ,9 ! c5tre1 ! ag$ ,emp]or1 cr[n$1 & ) a long :ite be>d1 kneels on ! gr\nd re/+ on 8 outspread h&s1 8 body press$ d[n by ! weight ( ,sapor1 :o places "o foot on 8 back z he prep>es to m\nt 8 horse4 ,! latt]1 l all ! o!r figures1 is dress$ 9 ! co/ume ( ,holbe9's own day1 ) a long sword & a gold *a9 across 8 %\ld]s4 ,! horse is held by a foot-soldi]1 9 a blue cloak1 :o looks ov] 8 %\ld] t[>ds ! spectator4 ,! space beh9d ! c5tral gr\p is fill$ ) soldi]s1 m\nt$ & on foot4 ,! knights1 "s ( :om are 9 full arm\r1 c>ry long lances ov] _! %\ld]s1 :i* add to ! effect ( ! sc5e1 :ile ! m5 on foot hold al(t great pikes4 ,! m\nt$ knight ne> ! c5tre1 ) plumes all r\nd 8 broad hat1 is a noble & dignifi$ figure1 & ! draw+ ( ,sapor's horse is excell5t4 ,! procession comes along ! /reet f ! "r1 & passes r\nd ! corn] ( ! build+1 :i* fills 9 ! backgr\nd1 z 9 sev]al ( ! e>li] 8,cross-,be>+0 pictures4 ,?is build+1 :i* is se5 f an angle1 ) deep ar*$ arcad+ bel[ & a r[ ( w9d[s above1 is a repres5tation ( ! rec5tly-f9i%$ ,t[n ,hall ( ,basel1 )9 :i* ! wall-pa9t+ itself 0 plac$1 & ! qua9t build+ next to x1 ) its battlem5t$ cre/+ se5 aga9/ ! blue sky1 is to be f\nd m>k$ on ,mat?aeus ,m]ian's plan ( ! city 7#afae74 ,x 0 9 reality sep>at$ by two o!r h\ses f ! ,ra?aus1 b ,holbe91 attract$ no d\bt by its picturesqu5ess1 has mov$ x ne>]4 ,ov] ,sapor's head is a l>ge ribbon label inscrib$ 8,sapor ,rex ,p]s>10 & bel[ ! ,emp]or is writt5 8,val]ianus ,imp40 ,on ei!r side are %[n ! pill>s :i* divid$ ! *ief compositions f ea* o!r2 flat columns1 ! upp] half cov]$ ) c>v+ ( ,r5aissance design1 & ! l[] ) slabs ( col\r$ m>bles & a circul> m$allion conta9+ an antique head su* z is to be f\nd 9 almo/ all ,holbe9's ar*itectural draw+s4 ,an inscription at ! foot1 :i* runs1 8,hans ,conradt ,wolleb s*anckts ,ma?is ,holzw>t5n10 gives ! names ( two consecutive own]s ( ?is draw+4 ,wolleb1 :o 0 ,magi/rate ( ,basel1 di$ on ,septemb] #i1 #aega4 ,on ,augu/ #f? ( t ye> ! ,alsatian poet1 ,mat?ias ,holzw>t1 p]mitt$ a p]=mance ( 8 play1 ,k+ ,saul & ! ,%eph]d ,david1 to be giv5 9 ! ,basel m>ket-place1 & ,wolleb may h pres5t$ ! draw+ to him at t "t 9 recognition ( ! ev5t4 ,! same bord] also conta9s ! lett]s ,a4,v4,e4 9 a monogram1 probably ! initials ( a ?ird own] ( ! design4#bij ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #da4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sapor ,,& ,,val]ian ,design = "o ( ! wall-pa9t+s 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall ,p5 & wat]-col\r draw+ ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,completion ,,( ,,two ,,( ,,! ,,walls ,! five s+le figures 9 pa9t$ ni*es :i* fill$ 9 ! small] spaces on ! walls _h ea* an appropriate inscription 9 ,lat94 ,! ,basel ,gall]y possesses copies ( ,holbe9's prelim9>y /udies = ea* "o ( !m1 :i*1 l ! simil> copies ( ! ,*>ondas & ,zaleucus designs1 are drawn on pap] made 9 ,basel ) a wat]-m>k :i* 0 n us$ aft] #aebd1 ?us %[+ t !y mu/ be contempor>y1 &1 z already sugge/$1 v possibly done by "s "o 9 ,holbe9's own /udio4#bia ,*ri/#bib is repres5t$ hold+ a long tablet ) ! words3 8,quod tibi non vis fi]i alt]i non facias0 78,:at ?\ do/ n wi% to be done to !e1 t d to no o!r074 ,9 ! b& ( ornam5t at 8 feet is a small tablet ) ! date #aebc4 ,k+ ,david#bic is %[n ) 8 h>p1 & a scroll ov] 8 head ) 8,ju/e judicate filii hom9um0 78,judge ju/ly1 ye sons ( m5074 ,ju/ice1#bid cr[n$1 /&s b5ea? an op5 ar* beh9d a balu/rade1 ) h] balance at h] feet4 ,) h] sword1 grasp$ 9 h] "r h&1 & ) ! =ef+] ( h] left1 %e is po9t+ to a l>ge tablet susp5d$ f ! top ( ! ar*1 :i* conta9s ! inscription3 8,o vos reig5tes obliti privatorum publica curate0 78,o ye rul]s1 =get y\r private affairs1 & c>e = ^? ( ! public074 ,wisdom#bie is %[n 9 a %ell-cr[n$ ni*e4 ,%e has a d\ble face1 & h] long hair falls bel[ h] wai/4 ,9 h] left h& %e holds a tor*1 & 9 h] "r a book ) ! inscription1 8,inicium sapi5cie timor dom9i0 78,! fe> ( ! ,"l is ! beg9n+ ( wisdom074 ,a scroll ov] ! tor* be>s ! words1 8,exp]iri prius consilio quam armis pre/at0 78,x is bett] to try by c\nsel ?an by arms074 ,f9ally1 ,mod]ation#bif is repres5t$ z a "y woman ) long1 cl++ g>m5ts1 9 ! act ( p\r+ w9e f a l>ge vessel ( bl[n glass into a small flagon4 ,! admonition 9 h] case runs1 8,qui sibi plus lic]e vult quam deceat sue /udet ru9e0 78,he :o wi%es to enjoy m ?an is 8 due1 acts to 8 own de/ruction074 ,o!r inscriptions quot$ by ,tonjola appe> to ref] to fur!r pa9t+s1 possibly s+le figures only1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 no traces rema94 ,! compositions on ! 8back wall10 ) subjects f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 pa9t$ "s eight ye>s aft]w>ds1 are describ$ 9 a lat] *apt]4#big ,:ile ,holbe9 0 c>ry+ out ! e>li] pa9t+s1 ! sculptor ,m>t9 ,lepzelt] 0 also at "w 9 ! ,c\ncil ,*amb]4 ,he c>v$ two half-l5g? figures ( prophets & f\r coats ( arms = ! pill>s :i* support$ ! ceil+1 = :i* he 0 paid eight ,basel p\nds on ,augu/ #c1 #aeba4bih ,:51 on ! #bi? ,novemb] #aebb1 on ! ,saturday be=e ,/4 ,&rew's ,day1 ,holbe9 receiv$ a f9al paym5t ( tw5ty-two ,basel p\nds & t5 %ill+s1 :i* 0 ! balance ( ! #abj guld5 he 0 to receive = ! :ole "w1 he _h complet$ two walls ( ! ,c\ncil ,*amb]1 & he felt t he _h m ?an e>n$ ! am\nt ( 8 commission1 al?\gh ! back wall 0 /ill unt\*$4 ,he1 !re=e1 made repres5tations to ! ,c\ncil to ?is effect1 & !y appe> to h felt ! ju/ice ( ! claim1 z !y c\ld h>dly h fail$ to d1 :5 !y saw 9 h[ brilliant a mann] ! complet$ portion _h be5 c>ri$ out4 ,9 consequ5ce1 !y agre$ t he _h fully e>n$ ! money1 & ord]$ ! balance to be paid to him1 decid+ 8to let ! back wall alone till fur!r ord]s40#bii ,9 any case1 z ! w9t] _h begun1 x w\ld h be5 necess>y to po/pone ! completion ( ! "w until ! foll[+ spr+1 &1 no d\bt1 x 0 ! orig9al int5tion t ,holbe9 %\ld f9i% ! room z soon z ! season p]mitt$4 ,= "s reason1 h[ev]1 no?+ 0 done 9 ! matt] until aft] 8 return f 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,possibly ! ,c\ncil 7 too busily occupi$ 9 attempt+ to keep ord] 9 a city 9 :i* ! spread ( ! new op9ions br\ght ab\t by ! ,re=mation 0 already divid+ ! t[nsfolk into two sep>ate camps4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #aebb1 also1 ,basel 0 engag$ 9 sev]al milit>y ent]prises1 :i* w\ld cause ! ,c\ncil to hesitate be=e sp5d+ money ^u su* luxuries z art1 :i* c\ld be disp5s$ ) until times 7 less critical & ! city's affairs m prosp]\s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,designs ,,= ,,pa9t$ ,,glass ,,& ,,o!r ,,/udies ,holbe9's "w z a design] = ! glass-pa9t]s--,eight panels ( sa9ts--,! 8,prodigal ,son0--,! 8,two ,unicorns0--,designs ) l&skne*te at ,b]ne1 ,basel1 ,b]l91 & ,p>is--,h]aldic draw+s = ,erasmus & o!rs--,designs %[+ ! influ5ce ( ,nor? ,g]man art--8,virg9 & ,/4 ,john0--,! 8,annunciation0--8,/4 ,elizabe?0--8,virg9 & ,*ild ) kneel+ donor0--,! great 8,passion0 s]ies--,/udies ( co/umes ( ,basel ladies--8,/4 ,adrian0--,/udies f ! nude--8,a ,fight0--,animals4 ,,9 addition to 8 commissions1 bo? public & private1 = wall-pa9t+s1 ,holbe9 0 frequ5tly employ$ 9 ! prep>ation ( designs = artific]s 9 m ?an "o bran* ( decorative art4 ,! ,am]ba* ,collection is ri* 9 works ( ?is class1 m p>ticul>ly 9 designs = glass w9d[s4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ 9 /udy+ ^! 8s*eib5risse0 t !y 7 int5d$ = pa9t$1 & n = /a9$1 glass4 ,! old] me?od ( employ+ transluc5t glass ( v>i\s t9ts1 9 :i* ! col\r is incorporat$ 9 ! body ( ! glass itself1 s t ! w9d[ dep5d$ = its beauty on its transp>5cy1 _h already become1 9 ! ,switz]l& ( ,holbe9's day1 a little-practis$ &1 9 "s di/ricts1 an almo/ =gott5 art1 its place be+ tak5 by glass1 usually :ite1 on :i* ! design 0 pa9t$ 9 enamel col\rs & aft]w>ds p]man5tly fix$ by refir+4 ,su* glass pa9t+ produc$ ! effect ( a semi-opaque design on a transluc5t gr\nd1 &1 beg9n+ m]ely ) a few br[n l9es to indicate ! features1 or ! patt]ns on a dress1 x _h gradually develop$1 9 ,g]many & ,switz]l&1 into a me?od ( pictorial repres5tation :i* imitat$ z closely z possible a pa9t$ picture1 & 01 !re=e1 9 m>k$ contra/ to ! old] & m beautiful art1 9 :i* ! great aim ( ! arti/ 0 to produce a lovely effect ( transp>5t col\r4 ,9 ! new] me?od1 :i* 9 reality 0 oppos$ to ! true nature ( ! m$ium employ$1 b :i* nev]!less became a ?+ ( beauty :5 design$ by a ma/]1 small panels1 z a rule1 7 us$1 :i* 7 surr\nd$ by pla9 :ite glass1 s t !y _h ! appe>ance ( little pictures set 9 ! middle ( a w9d[4 ,! panels be+ small ones1 & ! subjects on !m drawn on a small scale1 x 0 necess>y t ! panes %\ld be plac$ ne> ! gr\nd s t !y c\ld be prop]ly se51 & ?is1 aga91 made x ess5tial t ! draughtsman%ip %\ld be z c>eful & delicate z possible1 design hav+ usurp$ ! place ( col\r4 ,^! glass pa9t+s 7 usually surr\nd$ by a framework ( a decorative nature :i* divid$ !m %>ply f ! pla9 glass ar\nd !m1 & help$ /ill m to produce ! effect ( a picture4 ,! l9es ( leadwork1 :i*1 9 ! old] me?od1 held ! pieces ( v>i-col\r$ glass toge!r1 7 ab&on$ z mu* z possible1 z !y naturally m>r$ ! delicate pictorial effect ( ! "w1 & 7 sometimes conf9$ to ! b\nd>y l9es ( ! panel4 ,"u su* conditions x 0 natural t ! glass-work]s %\ld turn to arti/s = _! supply ( designs1 s9ce accurate draughtsman%ip 0 n[ all-important4 ,holbe91 :o 0 l>gely employ$ by ! ,basel glazi]s & glass-pa9t]s = ?is purpose1 made ! free/ & f9e/ use ( ?is new conv5tion 9 ! decoration ( w9d[s4 ,! conv5tion 01 no d\bt1 a wrong "o1 & 9 ! end all b ext+ui%$ ! old] & m beautiful art1 b ,holbe9 took x z he f\nd x1 & br\ght to x all 8 ma/]y ( design & purity ( l9e1 s t ! panels he produc$ 7 ( great beauty & f9e decorative effect4 ,9 8 day glass-pa9t+ 0 no long] conf9$ to ! s]vices ( ! ,*ur*1 b 0 introduc$ into ! w9d[s ( all private h\ses ( importance1 usually 9 ! =m ( s+le panes ) ! h\sehold]'s coat ( arms1 or ) sacr$ or pr(ane subjects1 accord+ to 8 ta/es4 ,?us he _h _m opportunities ( %[+ 8 skill 9 ?is =m ( decoration1 & he made use ( a great v>iety ( subjects4 ,9 "s in/ances1 su* z ! 8,passion0 s]ies describ$ bel[1 ! treatm5t is frankly pictorial1 & ! decorative effect is conf9$ to ! framework ( ,r5aissance ar*itecture )9 :i* ! subject is set2 b 9 o!rs1 & m p>ticul>ly ^? int5d$ = ! display ( %ields ) armorial be>+s1 ! design becomes l>gely a decorative "o1 9 :i* ! arti/ gives free play to 8 imag9ation & ta/e = ornam5tation 9 ! ,italian mann]4 ,:atev] ! subject1 h[ev]1 ea* draw+ displays wond]fully free yet delicate draughtsman%ip1 skilful arrangem5t ( ! design 9 ! space to be fill$1 & extraord9>y facility ( inv5tion4 ,! /udies appe> (t5 to h be5 made to ! exact size ( ! panel !y 7 to decorate1 &1 z a rule1 ,holbe9 left ! "q ( col\r to ! ta/e ( ! glass-pa9t]2 9 a few cases1 h[ev]1 he indicat$ x by ! addition ( "o or two slight t9ts4 ,!re c be little d\bt t !y 7 c>ri$ out l>gely 9 t comb9ation ( pale yell[ = ! high] lights & br[n or grisaille = ! d>k] portions & %ad[s :i* 0 ! cu/om>y practice 9 ,switz]l& at t p]iod1 ) t\*es ( m positive col\r "h & !re 9 ! dresses ( ! figures1 ! l&scape backgr\nds1 & ! coats ( arms4 ,! designs are 9 mo/ cases drawn ) ! re$ p5 & wa%$ ) ,indian ink4 ,sid5ote3 ,,eight ,,panels ,,( ,,sa9ts ,only two or ?ree ( ^! designs1 ( :i* "s ?irty or m are 9 exi/5ce1 are dat$1 &1 ) ! exception ( f\r or five made dur+ 8 soj\rn 9 ,luc]ne1#cjj !y 7 all produc$ betwe5 ! ye>s #aeai & #aebe or #aebf4 ,among ! e>lie/ are eight panels ( ,sa9ts at ,basel 7,nos4 #ccc-dj71cja :i* 7 design$ 9 pairs1 & 7 to be plac$ side by side 9 ! two divisions ( a s+le w9d[1 ! ar*itectural framework & backgr\nd 9 :i* ! figures are set correspond+ 9 almo/ all details 9 ea* pair ( designs1 s t x is evid5t t !y 7 int5d$ to be se5 toge!r1 =m+ betwe5 !m a complete picture4 ,!y 7 probably produc$ = ! decoration ( "s l>ge hall1 or ! aisle ( a *ur*4 ,two o!r draw+s belong+ to ! same s]ies are contempor>y copies aft] ,holbe9 f ! h& ( "s foll[]1 "o ( :i* be>s ! date #aebj & ! coat ( arms ( ! t[n ( ,basel1 prov+ t ! designs 7 made1 mo/ probably t[>ds ! close ( #aeai1 %ortly aft] 8 return f ,luc]ne4 ,!y appe> to h be5 done = ! cloi/]s at ,wett+54 ,! fir/ pair repres5t ! ,virg9 /&+ ) ! ,infant ,jesus 9 h] arms1#cjb 9 ! left division1 & "s pr9ce ( ! ,*ur* 9 ! robes ( a bi%op 9 ! "r4#cjc ,?is la/ figure has be5 describ$ z t ( ,/4 ,pantalus1 ! patron sa9t ( ,basel1 b !re is little resemblance 9 expression to ! f9e head ( t bi%op 9 ,holbe9's design = ! organ %utt]s 9 ! m9/]4 ,"h ! face is full ( arrogance1 r ?an piety1 & ! prelate be>s himself pr\dly z ?\gh consci\s ( 8 exalt$ position4 ,8 mitre & ecclesia/ical robes are ri*ly embroid]$ & ornam5t$4 ,a m>k$ peculi>ity 9 ! draw+ ( all ! figures 9 ?is s]ies is _! appe>ance ( /ump9ess1 ! legs be+ too %ort = ! bodies4 ,a simil> defect is to be not$ 9 "s ( ,holbe9's e>li] designs = book ornam5ts4 ,9 ! case ( ^! glass designs x may h be5 t !y 7 to be enl>g$ aft]w>ds by ! glass-pa9t]1 & plac$ at "s height f ! floor1 & t ,holbe91 !re=e1 attempt$ =e%ort5+4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n v probable1 z all 8 designs = ?is purpose seem to h be5 int5d$ = small pa9t+s1 to be plac$ ne> ! eye1 & x is mu* m likely t ?is *>act]i/ic ( 8 figures 0 a fault1 also to be notic$ 9 8 e>li] woodcut designs1 ( :i* he aft]w>ds broke himself4 ,! two 9 "q are plac$ 9 an ar*itectural sett+ ( a some:at fanta/ic design1 ) l>ge op5 ar*es ?r\gh :i* an ext5sive m\nta9\s l&scape is se54 ,bel[ ! hills1 on ! "r ( ! bi%op1 are ! h\ses ( a village & a /one crucifix by ! wayside1 & on ! left a torr5t ru%+ d[n a m\nta9 gorge cr[n$ ) trees1 & =m+ a l>ge wat]fall "u a bridge ( "o wide ar* :]e ! /ream jo9s ! pla94 ,! same l&scape is cont9u$ 9 ! backgr\nd ( ! panel ( ! ,virg9 & ,*ild1 ! riv] w&]+ away ?r\gh ano!r gorge among ! hills on ! left4 ,?is view is /rongly rem9isc5t ( ! ,/4 ,got?>d di/rict & ! ,devil's ,bridge ov] ! ,reuss1 & af=ds "s slight additional pro( ( ,holbe9's exp$ition across ! ,alps4#cjd ,a second pair repres5t ,/4 ,anna ) ! ,virg9 & ,*ild1 & ,/4 ,b>b>a4#cje ,"h aga9 ! unusual %ortness ( ! figures is v app>5t4 ,/4 ,b>b>a1 :o is dress$ 9 ! ri* co/ume ( a ,basel lady ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 /&s 9 ! *>act]i/ic attitude1 ) ! upp] "p ( h] body b5t backw>ds1 & ! heavy dress held up 9 front by ! h&1 z is ! case 9 ea* "o ( ! s]ies ( /udies ( ladies' co/umes by ,holbe9 to be describ$ lat]1 :i* ?us appe>s to h be5 ! cu/om>y habit ( walk+ at t "t4 ,! sett+ is less fanta/ic & elaborate ?an 9 ! two panels j describ$1 & consi/s 9 ea* ( an op5 ar* support$ by pill>s1 ) sculptur$ figures above ! capitals4 ,al?\gh ! details ( ! ornam5tation ( ! columns d n exactly agree 9 ! two designs1 !y are evid5tly a pair4 ,on ! left-h& panel1 z 9 ! "o on ! same side 9 ! prec$+ set1 !re is an empty %ield = a coat ( arms1 & ! backgr\nd is also a m\nta9\s l&scape1 ?\gh drawn 9 less detail4 ,9 ! design ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e1#cjf :i* =ms "o ( a pair ) ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 ! backgr\nd is almo/ entirely fill$ ) a build+ ) po9t$ ar*es support$ by %ort pill>s1 b on ! left a n>r[ /rip ( l&scape is visible1 ) an ar*way or bridge across a road ) a build+ on ! f> side ( x1 & di/ant m\nta9s beh9d4 ,! face ( ! sa9t is a v *>m+ "o1 & h] hair falls 9 elaborate r+lets d[n h] back1 & is surm\nt$ ) a jewell$ cr[n4 ,9 ! pair repres5t+ ,/4 ,&rew & ,/4 ,/eph51 ,dr4 ,ganz recognises1 9 ! arcad+ ) flat pila/]s & %all[ scallop-cr[n$ ni*es 9 front ( :i* ! sa9ts are /&+1 an ar*itectural motive tak5 f ! ca!dral ( ,como4#cjg ,!re is no ne$ to describe e figure 9 ?is s]ies 9 detail1 ea* "o ( :i* we>s a halo1 a symbol ( :i* ,holbe9 aft]w>ds made v little use4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,prodigal ,,son0 ,,w9d[ ,two o!r designs = pa9t$ glass 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y are ( ab\t ! same date z ^! eight %eets ) figures ( sa9ts1 & 7 done 9 ! e>li] ye>s ( 8 second ,basel p]iod1 ei!r 9 #aeai or #aebj4 ,"o repres5ts ! 8,prodigal ,son10 & ! o!r is an h]aldic device ) two unicorns support+ a %ield4 ,! =m] is a v effective design1 9 :i* ! ,prodigal ,son is %[n t5d+ a h]d ( sw9e 7,pl4 #db 7#b774cjh ,he /rides along1 b>efoot$1 9 ragg$ clo!s1 ?r\gh :i* 8 b>e knees protrude1 8 long /aff on 8 %\ld]1 & 8 %ort sword grasp$ 9 8 left h&4 ,8 head is turn$ t[>ds ! spectator1 & !re is a look ( mis]y & despair on 8 face4 ,! animals he is driv+ h come to a halt r\nd ! trunk ( a l>ge oak tree :i* fills ! great] "p ( ! left-h& side ( ! %eet1 & is "o ( ! mo/ consid]able pieces ( tree-draw+ ,holbe9 ev] design$4 ,"s ( ! pigs are dev\r+ ! fall5 acorns2 o!rs raise _! sn\ts z ?\gh expect+ ! food to drop f ! bran*es into _! m\?s4 ,_! keep]1 ^: mis]able ?\ghts are f> away f 8 task1 unconsci\sly ?ru/s ! end ( 8 /aff into ! eye ( "o ( ! h]d4 ,! backgr\nd is a l&scape ( wide expanse1 ) a l>ge wall$-9 build+ ) f>m ou?\ses on ! bank ( a riv] 9 ! middle di/ance1 & a range ( m\nta9s on ! horizon4 ,! :ole is surr\nd$ by a simple framework consi/+ ( a s+le ar* support$ by pill>s1 ) two nude sculptur$ figures 9 ! angle above ! capitals4 ,! r weak & wav]+ l9e ( ! flatt5$ ar*1 & ! simil> hesitat+ d\ble spiral :i* runs r\nd ! pill>s1 toge!r ) ! v simple ornam5tation ( ar*1 capitals & bases1 indicate t ! design is q an e>ly "o1 ?\gh ! draw+ ( ! figure & ! accompany+ animals is excell5t & full ( "*4 ,an empty %ield = a coat ( arms is plac$ 9 ! "r-h& corn] aga9/ ! column1 & a flat space is left bel[ = an inscription4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #db4 ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,l&skne*te ,design = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,prodigal ,,son ,design = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,! %eet ) ! two unicorns#cji is mu* m elaborate 9 its ar*itectural treatm5t1 & is a design ( great decorative effect4 ,! two bea/s /& on _! h9d-legs1 & support ) _! =elegs an empty %ield ( ,italian fa%ion4 ,! animals !mselves are reali/ically drawn1 & are n treat$ m]ely z conv5tional h]aldic bea/s1 ! s5se ( reality be+ increas$ by ! head ( ! "o on ! left1 :i* is turn$ r\nd ov] its back1 s t ! horns ( bo? po9t 9 ! same direction1 b at diff]5t angles4 ,!y are plac$ b5ea? a v ri*ly-decorat$ edifice :i* ,holbe9 appe>s to h tak5 f "o ( ! monum5tal tombs to be se5 9 _m ( ! cities ( ,nor!rn ,italy4 ,! pr9cipal feature is a b>rel-%ap$ wood5 ro(1 support$ by a flatt5$ ar* & d\ble pill>s at ! sides & 9 ! c5tre4 ,at ei!r side ( ?is ro(-l /ructure rise %ort *imneys ( ,italian design1 & above x is a deep frieze ) ,r5aissance c>v+s support$ by ?ree %ort pill>s4 ,z ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out1#caj ! design has features 9 common ) ! f9e tomb ( ,&rea ,fus9a1 n[ 9 ! ,ar*ological ,museum 9 ,milan1 :ile ! ?ree sculptur$ antique heads :i* cr[n ! l[] columns h _! c\nt]p>t bo? 9 ! ,c]tosa ( ,pavia & ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>ia delle ,grazie 9 ,milan4 ,! :ole design1 9 fact1 s closely resembles 9 its elaborate ar*itecture ^! ,r5aissance monum5ts1 t x is impossible to believe t x 0 ! result ( ,holbe9's imag9ation alone1 b r 0 due to p]sonal k & actual /udy4 ,9 ! l&scape backgr\nd is se5 a c\ntry *teau ) a project+ t\relle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,figures ,,( ,,l&skne*te ,among ^! designs = pa9t$ glass !re is a consid]able gr\p 9 :i* ! m]c5>y soldi] or l&skne*t ( ,holbe9's day =ms ! *ief subject4 ,^! w>riors are introduc$ z h]aldic support]s ( %ields1 & 7 int5d$1 no d\bt1 = ! use ( burgh]s & nobles :o _h se5 milit>y s]vice1 :ile o!rs 7 design$ = ! city au?orities4 ,! fact t 9 mo/ cases ! %ields are left blank %[s t ,holbe9 produc$ !m z /ock patt]ns = ! glass-pa9t]s1 :i* c\ld be adapt$ to ! use ( any cu/om] :o desir$ a milit>y subject = 8 w9d[4 ,9 ^! designs ,holbe9 has made effective use ( ! picturesque & sumptu\s dress & ri*ly-decorat$ weapons ^! bold & reckless fight+-m5 affect$4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ ( !m 9 po9t ( date is 9 ! ,hi/orical ,museum ( ,b]ne4#caa ,x is1 un=tunately1 only ! l[] half ( a design1 ( :i* ! rema9+ portion is n[ lo/4 ,only ! legs1 ! l[] "p ( ! body1 & ! left h&1 ) :i* ! l&skne*t grasps 8 sword1 are se51 toge!r ) "p ( ! %aft ( 8 lance4 ,8 "r foot is hidd5 by a l>ge %ield conta9+ ! coat ( arms ( ! city ( ,basel4 ,! bases ( ! columns on ei!r side v closely resemble ^? 9 ! glass design ( ! 8,prodigal ,son10 :i* places ! date at ab\t #aebj4 ,! soldi] is repres5t$ z /&+ on a plat=m above ! riv] ,rh9e1 & d[n bel[1 se5 betwe5 & on ei!r side ( 8 out/ret*$ legs1 is a di/ant l&scape1 drawn 9 a free & ma/]ly mann]1 ( exceptional int]e/ on acc\nt ( its elaborate detail4 ,across ! rapidly-fl[+ riv] /ret*es a wide tressel bridge support$ on wood5 pi]s1 :i* leads to an ar*$ gateway 9 a high t[]4 ,along ! riv] bank1 on ei!r side ( ! bridge1 are a numb] ( h\ses1 & beh9d !m a t[n )9 /eep =tifi$ walls1 ) _m build+s huddl$ toge!r1 & a *ur* t[] ris+ above ! surr\nd+ ro(s4 ,9 ! di/ance ranges ( sn[ m\nta9s close 9 ! view4 ,trees & a high rock on ! ne> side ( ! wat] fill ! backgr\nd on ! left-h& side ( ! design4 ,! view ,holbe9 has ?us %[n is by no means an exact repres5tation ( ,basel z se5 f across ! wat]1 b is r ! simplifi$ type ( a ,rh9e t[n ( 8 day4 ,x is n improbable t ! arti/1 9 addition to ! wall-pa9t+s 9 ! new ,t[n ,hall1 also suppli$ designs = ! w9d[s 9 "s ( ! rooms1 9 :i* case ?is fragm5t ( a draw+1 :i* conta9s ! city coat ( arms1 may v possibly h =m$ a "p ( su* decoration4#cab ,! o!r %eets ) l&skne*te 7 produc$ "s few ye>s aft] ! ,b]ne /udy1 ?\gh1 accord+ to an old copy ( "o ( !m1 n lat] ?an #aebd4 ,9 mo/ ( !m ! motive consi/s ( two w>riors support+ an empty %ield betwe5 !m4 ,x 0 fir/ us$ by ,holbe9 9 #aeag 9 a glass pa9t+ = ,hans ,fleck5/e9 ( ,luc]ne1#cac & 0 foll[$ a ye> or two aft]w>ds by ! beautiful design 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y & ! /ill lat] & equally beautiful /udy 9 ! ,b]l9 ,pr9t ,room4 ,! date ( ! la/-nam$ draw+ c be fix$ ) "s c]ta9ty f an old copy :i* is inscrib$ #aebc4 ,! example at ,basel 7,pl4 #db 7#a77cad mu/ h be5 done %ortly aft] ! completion ( ! wall-pa9t+s ( ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se4 ,9 ! decorative details ( ! ar*itectural sett+ x be>s a close resemblance to ! glass design ( ! ,madonna ) ! view ( ,luc]ne 9 ! backgr\nd1 ( ! ye> #aeai1 :ile ! w>rior on ! "r is se5 aga9 9 an e>ly glass design 9 ! ,biblio?que ,nationale 9 ,p>is4#cae ,! d\ble columns c>ry+ ! ar* 9 ! ,basel draw+ are ri*ly ornam5t$1 & at ! base are support$ by a numb] ( small nude sculptur$ figures4 ,fe/oons ( laurel leaves & ribbons hang d[n f ! ar*--a feature to be f\nd 9 _m ( ^! designs--& 9 ! angles ov] ! capitals are r\nd m$allions ) antique heads1 :i* 0 also a fav\rite decorative motive ) ,holbe91 &1 z already not$1 is r>ely miss+ f any ( 8 ,r5aissance frameworks4 ,! two l&skne*te we> brea/plates ov] _! gay attire1 & l>ge sl\*$ hats ) _m fea!rs4 ,! "o on ! left1 a be>d$ man1 c>ries sword & dagg]1 & holds a battle-axe on 8 %\ld]2 ! "o on ! "r1 clean %av51 leans ^u ! %aft ( 8 lance4 ,! two figures are spl5didly conceiv$ & drawn ) ! greate/ =ce & tru?2 & ! :ole design af=ds pro( ( h[ consid]able an effect 8 /ay 9 ,luc]ne & 8 %ort visit to ,nor!rn ,italy _h ^u 8 art1 & ( ! extraord9>ily rapid mann] 9 :i* 8 g5ius = decorative design1 & 8 delight 9 ! inv5tion ( ^! sett+s ( ,r5aissance ar*itecture1 develop$ "u ^! new influ5ces4 ,! backgr\nd ( ?is p>ticul> design1 :i*1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 is /rongly rem9isc5t ( ! c\ntry 9 ! ,vi]wald/tt]see1 %[s ! tall t[] ( "s village *ur*1 ! l[] "p ( :i* is hidd5 by ! beautifully-design$ ,italian %ield :i* ! two w>riors support1 situat$ 9 a hilly l&scape1 ) ! %>p peaks ( a range ( m\nta9s 9 ! di/ance4 ,sid5ote3 ,,figures ,,( ,,l&skne*te ,a simil> backgr\nd is %[n 9 ! design 9 ! ,b]l9 ,pr9t ,room1#caf ?\gh only ! r$ ro( ( ! *ur* t[] appe>s above ! %ield4 ,?is draw+ has be5 t\*$ ) col\r 9 places1 ! faces ( ! two l&skne*te ) r$1 & also ! ro(s ( ! h\ses ( ! village se5 9 ! di/ance1 ! l&scape ) gre5 & br[n1 :ile col\r is also us$ 9 sev]al ( ! decorative details1 su* z ! fe/oons hang+ f ! wide flatt5$ ar*4 ,! attitudes ( ! two %ield-be>]s are m natural & less =c$ ?an 9 ! ,basel %eet4 ,!y are dress$ 9 ! same fa%ion1 ! man on ! "r we>+ 8 l>ge fea!r$ hat fa/5$ to 8 back1 & lean+ on a l>ge pike held ) bo? h&s4 ,! soldi] on ! left1 an exce$+ly graceful figure1 ) a long lance plac$ po9t d[nw>ds1 re/s "o h& on ! %ield1 & ) ! o!r t\*es 8 sword hilt4 ,! ar*itectural sett+ is simil> 9 g5]al design to t ( ! ,basel example1 ?\gh "h ! ar* is support$ by pairs ( %ort sl5d] columns1 ) sculptur$ figures ( ,judi? & ,lucretia /&+ on ! capitals1 & above !m ,samson & ,h]cules1 :ile a long frieze ov] ! ar* conta9s a battle ( nude foot soldi]s & horsem51 9 ! mid/ ( a %all[ /ream4 ,9 ano!r draw+ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1#cag ! %ield1 a f9e h]aldic design1 completely fills ! "r-h& side ( ! %eet4 ,x conta9s a coat ( arms consi/+ ( two pe>s hang+ f a bran* & a /> on ei!r side1 &1 surm\nt+ ! %ield1 a helmet ) l>ge up/&+ w+s1 betwe5 :i* is plac$ a bran* ) a s+le pe>1 elaborate scroll-"w fall+ on ei!r side4 ,on ! left /&s a fi]ce-look+ l&skne*t1 ) 8 plum$ hat on 8 back1 & a great two-h&$ sword ^u 8 %\ld]4 ,ov] ! cr[n ( ! ar*1 b n =m+ "p ( ! ar*itectural design1 is a battle sc5e ) f\r m5 fight+1 two ) long lances & "o ) a gun4 ,?is draw+1 :i* is a mo/ effective "o1 is sign$ 8,h4,h40 ,! design 9 ! ,biblio?que ,nationale1 ,p>is1#cah appe>s to be "o ( ! e>lie/ ( all1 produc$ dur+ 8 /ay 9 ,luc]ne4 ,x is evid5t1 f ! figure on ! left-h& side1 t x 0 ord]$ 9 celebration ( a w$d+1 ! ri*ly-dress$ "y lady we>+ a bridal cr[n be+ ! newly-w$d$ wife ( ! l&skne*t /&+ on ! "r4 ,ea* "o supports a %ield ) a coat ( arms1 ! woman's consi/+ ( ?ree arr[s1 & ! man's ( an an*or4 ,! soldi]1 ) long pike ov] 8 %\ld]1 has a /rong facial lik5ess1 z already m5tion$1 to ! w>rior on ! "r ( ! ,basel design1 :ile ! face ( 8 wife is ( ! same type z ! head 9 ! ,l\vre /udy = ! ,solo?urn 8,madonna40 ,9 ! backgr\nd is a ca/le on a precipit\s rock by ! side ( a lake1 %ut 9 by a m\nta9 range4 ,! framework consi/s ( two columns ) grotesque heads 9 ! capitals1 support+ "s elaborate scroll-"w 9 place ( an ar*4 ,sev]al o!r draw+s 9 :i* ^! m]c5>ies =m ! subject are 9 exi/5ce1#cai includ+ a /udy f life ( a seat$ l&skne*t at ,b]l91#cbj :i* 0 =m]ly 9 ! ,lawr5ce & ,su]mondt ,collections4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #dc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,design ,,= ,,pa9t$ ,,glass ,) ! ,coat ( ,arms ( ! ,von ,hew5 ,family #aebj ,,basel ,,gall]y ,a glass design at ,basel 7,no4 #cda71 rem>kable = ! beauty & fre$om ( its luxuriant ,r5aissance scroll design1 & also = its f9e ar*itecture1 be>s ! date #aebj 7,pl4 #dc74cba ,?is design is )\t support+ figures1 ! :ole ( ! c5tre ( ! %eet be+ fill$ ) a blank %ield1 surm\nt$ by two helmets ) elaborate cre/s1 "o ) ! rampant body ( a w+$ goat1 & ! o!r ) a pair ( curv$ trumpet-%ap$ horns4 ,f !m fl[s1 d[n ei!r side ( ! %ield1 a mass ( beautifully-drawn scroll & leaf ornam5t4 ,?is elaborate coat ( arms1 design$ = a m>ri$ c\ple1 is plac$ 9 an ar*itectural sett+ resembl+ a ,romanesque *ur* portal4 ,! circul> ar* is support$ by six pill>s on ei!r side4 ,at ! base ( ! two ne>] ones kneel w>riors 9 ,roman arm\r1 support+ a blank tablet = "s inscription2 above ea* is a small bl9dfold$ & trumpet-bl[+ cupid1 ) a body end+ 9 foliat$ scrolls1 & on ! capitals /& sculptur$ figures ( ,m]cury & ,cronos1 ! dev\r] ( mank9d1 re/+ on 8 scy!1 & ab\t to swall[ a small nak$ *ild4 ,beh9d _! heads are two tablets1 *a9$ to ! cr[n ( ! ar*1 "o inscrib$ 8,,m]*vrivs ,,e9 ,,plonet10 & ! o!r1 8,,anno ,,dom9i,m,d,,xx,h40 ,! upp] m\ld+ ( ! ar* is fill$ ) small sculptur$ figures ( sa9ts1 k+s1 w>riors1 & o!rs ( humbl] rank4 ,9 ! l[] "r-h& corn] is writt5 8d he' von ,hew510 %[+ t ! design 0 made = a memb] ( ! noble family ( ,von ,hew51 :o 0 probably a *ur*man1 &1 judg+ f ! inscription r\nd ! helmet on ! "r--8,,dhioeqv0--a knight ( ! ,ord] ( ,/4 ,john4 ,dr4 ,ganz sugge/s1#cbb !re=e1 t ! ord]] ( ! glass 0 ,wolfgang von ,hew51 ,canon ( ,tri]1 ,/rasburg1 & ,*ur1 :o became ,rector ( ,freiburg ,univ]sity 9 #aejd4 ,!re is 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y a companion draw+ ) ! coat ( arms ( ! ,von ,&lau family1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is n s f9e a design4#cbc ,ano!r & /ill m elaborate design ( a l nature1 & ( ! same ye>1 #aebj1 0 made = ,georg von ,massmn/]1 ,abbot ( ,murba*1 ( :i* ! orig9al glass pa9t+ is 9 a private collection 9 ,basel4#cbd ,! coat ( arms :i* fills ! c5tre ( ! panel is surm\nt$ by a mitre betwe5 two crozi]s1 & _m small putti & o!r figures are introduc$ into ! ar*itectural sett+4 ,sid5ote3 ,,coat ,,( ,,arms ,,( ,,petrus ,,fabr9us ,ano!r purely h]aldic draw+ may be m5tion$ "h1 al?\gh n int5d$ = reproduction z a glass pa9t+4 ,x conta9s ! arms ( a compatriot ( ,holbe9's1 ,petrus ,fabr9us ( ,augsburg1 :o became ,rector ( ,basel ,univ]sity4#cbe ,x is pa9t$ 9 g\a*e on vellum1 & 0 done = ins]tion 9 ! ,matriculation ,book ( ! ,univ]sity 9 #aebc4 ,! arms are plac$ 9 front ( a ,r5aissance portico1 support$ by two columns ( gre5 m>ble1 & ) a triangul> p$im5t1 ov] :i* is a flam+ brazi]1 :ile two nak$ cupids are seat$ on ! capitals ( ! columns4 ,9 ! angles ( ! ar* are two m$allions ) antique cr[n$ heads4 ,a yell[ curta9 hides ! :ole ( ! l[] "p ( ! backgr\nd4 ,! left half ( ! %ield %[s ?ree roses on a blue gr\nd1 & ! "r ?ree fi%es on black4 ,x is cr[n$ ) a helmet1 f :i* spr+s ! figure ( a ,moor 9 p>ti-col\r$ dress1 :o holds 9 ei!r h&1 atta*$ to ribbons f 8 turban1 ! ?ree roses & ! ?ree fi%4 ,ano!r h]aldic draw+ = glass-pa9t+ is ( p>ticul> int]e/ because x 0 design$ by ,holbe9 = ,erasmus4#cbf ,x repres5ts ! truncat$ =m ( ! god ,h]mes z ,t]m9us )9 an ar* support$ by s+le columns1 /&+ 9 a wide1 undulat+ l&scape4 ,! /atue is turn$ ?ree-qu>t]s to ! left1 ! head surr\nd$ by rays1 ! eyes look+ upw>ds4 ,ov] ! head1 susp5d$ by ribbons f ! ar*1 hangs a l>ge wood5 tablet = an inscription1 plac$ slantwise1 l ! figure bel[ x4 ,! latt] be>s a consid]able lik5ess to ,erasmus himself4 ,! sett+ is unusually simple1 bo? pill>s & ar* be+ almo/ devoid ( ornam5t1 ) ! exception ( a panel ) r\ghly-indicat$ w+$ figures t]m9at+ 9 floriat$ scrolls1 & two r\ndels ) ! cu/om>y heads 9 ! angles ( ! ar*4 ,! backgr\nd1 :i* consi/s ( "s op5 fields1 ) a tree or two1 "o di/ant h\se1 & hilly c\ntry beyond1 ! :ole indicat$ ) a few l9es & t\*es ( gre5 col\r1 slight z x is1 %[s to advantage ,holbe9's k ( l&scape p]spective4 ,!re is a fre$om & simplicity 9 ! draw+1 a dignity ( conception1 & a f9e s5se ( proportion1 :i* indicate t x is "o ( ! late/ 9 date ( 8 draw+s = glass1 & t x 0 mo/ probably made %ortly be=e 8 dep>ture = ,engl& 9 #aebf4 ,erasmus adopt$ ,t]m9us1 ! god ( b\nd>ies & e/abli%$ ways1 z 8 symbol aft] ,alex&] ,/u>t1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rews1 _h pres5t$ him1 :5 9 ,italy1 ) a gold r+ set ) a cornelian on :i* 0 engrav$ ! figure ( ,h]mes & ! motto 8,,conc$o ,,nulli02#cbg & ?is motto ,holbe9 has plac$ 9 l>ge lett]s across ! sky ( ! draw+ on ei!r side ( ! head4 ,?us ! design1 by means ( ! symbols us$1 sugge/s ! "* ( ! philosoph] himself1 a man :o 9 ! op9ions he held w\ld yield to no man1 & yet 9 8 writ+s conf9$ himself to e/abli%$ ways1 & broke few b\nd>ies4 ,?is draw+ is 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection4 ,9 ! ,briti% ,museum !re is a glass design repres5t+ a ,wild ,man ( ! ,woods1 drawn ) ! bru% & wa%$ ) ,indian ink & a slight col\r wa%4#cbh ,x repres5ts a nak$ be>d$ man1 ) a defiant look1 8 head & lo9s girt ) =e/ leaves1 hold+ an uproot$ sapl+ 9 8 h&s1 & ) feet plant$ ap>t4 ,he /&s on a /one l$ge =m+ ! sill ( a w9d[1 decorat$ ) pila/]s & g>l&s 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle & op5+ ^u a holl[ among m\nta9s cov]$ ) p9es4 ,x 0 pur*as$ 9 #ahie ) ! ,malcolm ,collection1 & is an exce$+ly f9e draw+4 ,s&r>t appe>s to h possess$ a copy ( x4 ,sid5ote3 8,,*ri/ ,,on ,,! ,,cross0 ,two glass designs1 "o 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y & ! o!r 9 ,p>is1 %[ t ?\gh ,holbe9 at ?is p]iod ( 8 life 0 /rongly influ5c$ by ,nor? ,italian art1 yet ! e>li] influ5ce ( su* ,g]man pa9t]s z ,grnewald & ,hans ,baldung ,gri51 ga9$ ?r\gh a /udy ( _! great alt>-pieces1 _h by no means be5 completely ov]%ad[$4 ,= "s ye>s at lea/ aft] he _h become a citiz5 ( ,basel ^! two div]g5t =ces 9 8 developm5t bo? made !mselves felt 9 v>y+ degrees 9 mu* ( 8 "w1 s t x is n at all easy to arrange 9 *ronological ord] ! l>ge numb] ( decorative designs & o!r works he produc$ at ?is "t4 ,?is d\ble influ5ce c be easily trac$ 9 ^! 8s*eib5risse0 ( 8,*ri/ on ! ,cross betwe5 ! ,virg9 & ,/4 ,john10 & 8,! ,annunciation40 ,9 ! =m]#cbi ! influ5ce ( ,grnewald is to be se5 9 ! two /&+ figures1 9 bo? ( :i*1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 t ( ,/4 ,john1 ! acute grief :i* ov]p[]s !m z !y gaze on ! crucifi$ ,*ri/ is /rongly1 ev5 viol5tly1 depict$4 ,/4 ,john1 by ! agitat$ movem5ts ( 8 :ole body1 8 ext5d$ f+]s1 & 8 op5 m\?1 %[s h[ passionately he is suff]+4 ,! framework :i* surr\nds !m is ov]-decorat$ ) a conglom]ation ( ,r5aissance motives4 ,! side columns are cov]$1 & _! =m almo/ hidd51 by masses ( pla/ic ornam5t1 wri?+ snakes r\nd ! bases1 & above !m grotesque heads ) long tassels hang+ f _! m\?s2 &1 high] up1 sculptur$ figures ( a sph9x-l nature4 ,9 contra/ to ?is1 ! backgr\nd is fill$ ) "o ( 8 naturally-treat$ l&scape sc5es1 ) a high rock on ! "r beh9d ,/4 ,john1 f :i* a tree is gr[+1 & on ! left a glimpse ( a t[n by a lake1 ) m\nta9s beyond & a cl\dy sky ov]head4 ,! 8,annunciation0 draw+1 9 ! collection ( ,m4 ,lon ,bonnat1 ,p>is1#ccj %[s s _m po9ts 9 common ) ,grnewald's alt>-piece at ,is5heim1 n only 9 ! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! figures1 b 9 num]\s details1 t x seems evid5t t ,holbe9 mu/ h be5 well acqua9t$ ) x4#cca ,z 8 fa!r 0 work+ at ,is5heim = "s consid]able "t1 x is exce$+ly probable t 8 sons1 ev5 if !y did n accompany him directly !re f ,augsburg1 z ! fir/ /age on _! j\rney to ,basel1 paid him "o or m visits1 = ! di/ance betwe5 ! two places 0 n great4 ,holbe9 has plac$ ! kneel+ ,m>y on "o side ( a wood5 *e/ on :i* re/s a cu%ion ) h] book2 on ! o!r side ! ,angel ( ! ,annunciation has j alight$1 an impos+ w+$ figure1 v ri*ly & elaborately dress$1 hold+ a long sceptre 9 "o h&1 & ! o!r out/ret*$ t[>ds ! ,virg94 ,! latt] is by no means "o ( ,holbe9's mo/ pleas+ repres5tations ( ! ,"m ( our ,"l2 x is to ! angel ! eye turns z ! c5tre ( int]e/4 ,! ,romanesque pill> & frieze beh9d ! ,virg9 is a motive tak5 f ! crypt ( ! ,m9/] ( ,basel1 :ile ! wood5 b>rel ro( ( ! *amb] at ! back1 9 :i* ! ,virg9's b$ is plac$1 0 common 9 ,holbe9's day ?r\gh\t ,switz]l& 9 c\ncil *amb]s1 c\rts ( ju/ice1 & o!r l>ge rooms4#ccb ,! ar*itectural framework resembles t ( ! 8,crucifixion0 draw+ 9 ! lavi%ness ( its some:at incongru\s ornam5tal details4 ,! bases ( ! columns are %ea!d ) grotesque heads f :i* spr+ l>ge foliat$ scrolls1 support+ wick] baskets fill$ ) fruit & leaves4 ,dr4 ,ganz gives ! date ( ! draw+ z ab\t #aeba or #aebb4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #dd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/4 ,,elizabe?1 ,,) ,,kneel+ ,,knight ,,& ,,begg> ,design = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,9 composition & te*nique ! =ego+ draw+ resembles a design = a glass pa9t+ 9 ! ,basel ,collection1 repres5t+ 8,/4 ,elizabe?0 7,pl4 #dd71ccc l ! la/ nam$ t\*$ ) bi/re4 ,! figure ( ! sa9t is plac$ )9 a semicircul> ni*e1 r\nd :i* run a numb] ( sl5d]1 decorat$ pill>s1 app>5tly ( wood1 :i* support ! dome-%ap$ ro( ) its l>ge rosettes 9 comp>tm5ts & a frieze ( ox-heads & ribbons4 ,/4 ,elizabe?1 :o is dress$ 9 ! ri* co/ume ( a noblewoman or weal?y burgh]'s wife1 ) h] hair cov]$ by a long veil :i* falls d[n h] back1 holds up ! front ( h] g[n ) h] "r h& 9 ! cu/om>y ,basel mann]1 & ) ! o!r p\rs w9e or wat] into a b[l held by a kneel+ & almo/ nak$ begg>1 :o gazes up into h] face4 ,on ! o!r side ( h] kneels a be>d$ knight 9 full arm\r1 ) h&s rais$ 9 pray]1 8 fea!r$ helmet & 8 mail$ gloves on ! gr\nd be=e him4 ,he is evid5tly ! donor ( ! w9d[ = :i* ! draw+ is ! orig9al design4 ,8 brea/plate1 ) its high gorget1 & 8 o!r acc\trem5ts1 resemble ^? worn by ,/4 ,ursus 9 ! ,solo?urn picture1 & ! kneel+ begg> recalls ! p5it5t 9 ! same "w4 ,! sa9t1 a v graceful & beautifully-drawn figure1 is plac$ on a l[ circul> plat=m ( wood or /one1 giv+ ! sugge/ion ( a "w ( sculpture4 ,! :ole is /rongly rem9isc5t ( ! m elaborate monum5tal tombs ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance erect$ 9 ! int]ior ( "s *ur*4 ,at ! bottom ( ! draw+1 on ei!r side1 rise ! capitals ( two columns1 z ?\gh ! ni*e 9 :i* ! figures are plac$ 7 rais$ at "s consid]able height f ! gr\nd4 ,^! capitals be> small boys 9 ,roman helmets hold+ empty %ields4 ,! graceful & ref9$ ar*itecture ( ?is draw+ sugge/s1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 t x 0 design$ aft] ,holbe9's j\rney to ,montpelli] 9 #aebc1 dur+ :i* he became acqua9t$ ) ! f9e build+s ( ! ,fr5* ,r5aissance 9 ,besanon1 ,dijon1 ,lyon1 & else:]e4 ,sid5ote3 8,,/4 ,,elizabe? ,,) ,,kneel+ ,,donor0 ,! same influ5ce is to be se5 9 a second glass design at ,basel1 repres5t+ ! ,virg9 ) ! ,*ild 9 h] arms & a kneel+ donor on ! left 7,pl4 #de71ccd 9 :i* ! ar*itectural sett+ is ev5 m beautiful ?an 9 ! "o j describ$1 ( :i* x is a free v>iant4 ,! ,virg9 /&s1 cr[n$1 on a l[ sculptur$ p$e/al 9 front ( a %all[ ni*e "u a circul> ar* b5ea? a po9t$ vault+1 ! fill+ 9 ( :i* is c>v$ l a scallop-%ell1 z 9 ! 8,mey] ,madonna40 ,! pila/]s :i* support x & ! frieze ( ,r5aissance ornam5tation are flat1 & ! :ole sett+ is admirable 9 its re/ra9t & quiet beauty1 & its well-balanc$ masses4 ,! ,virg9 is surr\nd$ ) project+ rays f head to foot1 a symbol ( ! ,immaculate ,conception1 & ! :ole figure1 l t 9 ! =ego+ design1 is ( tall1 f9e proportions1 unlike s _m ( ,holbe9's figures 9 8 e>li] draw+s1 & gives ! impression ( a c>v$ wood5 /atue ) rays ( metal or gild$ wood4 ,! ,*ild 9 h] arms is kick+ out 8 legs1 & raises "o *ubby fi/ 9 ! air1 look+ ov] 8 "m's arm ) a cross expression1 z ?\gh angry at hav+ be5 lift$ f ! gr\nd4 ,! arm$1 kneel+ knight appe>s to be ! same donor z 9 ! o!r draw+1 b is turn$ m t[>ds ! spectator1 ) h&s uplift$ z he gazes 9 adoration4 ,?is exceptionally beautiful & ma/]ly design is said to h be5 reproduc$ on a consid]ably l>g] scale = a w9d[ ( ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,!odore 9 ,little ,basel4 ,a fragm5t ( ! glass1 conta9+ ! ,madonna's head1 is pres]v$ 9 ! ,hi/orical ,museum 9 ,basel4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #de4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,virg9 ,,& ,,*ild1 ,,) ,a ,,kneel+ ,,donor ,design = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,by f> ! mo/ important ( ,holbe9's designs = glass w9d[s are ^? =m+ ! s]ies ( t5 subjects f ! 8,passion ( ,*ri/10 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :i* 9 dramatic p[] & f]tility ( inv5tion surpass all 8 e>li] treatm5ts ( ?is great subject4 ,! range ov] :i* ! s]ies ext5ds is a %ort] "o ?an 9 ! pa9t$ alt>-piece 9 eight sc5es repres5t+ ! same subject4 ,! latt] beg9s ) ! 8,m\nt ( ,olives0 & ends ) ! 8,entombm5t10 :]eas ! glass designs />t ) 8,*ri/ be=e ,caiaphas0 & conclude ) ! 8,crucifixion10 s t ! "p ( ! /ory :i* is repres5t$ is told ) great] detail4 ,9 mo/ cases ! designs are arrang$ 9 pairs1 ) ! ar*itectural framework 9 close ?\gh n exact correspond5ce1 & simil>ly %ap$ & decorat$ spaces left at ! bottom = ! inclusion ( ! appropriate scriptural text4 ,evid5tly 9 ea* ( ! w9d[s ( ! *ur* = :i* !y 7 design$ pairs ( subjects 7 to be plac$ side by side4 ,two ( ! sc5es1 h[ev]1 seem to be s+le designs1 ! 8,mock+0 7,no4 #c71 & ! 8,ecce ,homo0 7,no4 #f71 9 :i* ! sett+ corresponds ) none ( ! o!r draw+s2 :ile 9 ! two la/ ( ! s]ies1 ! 8,nail+ to ! ,cross0 & ! 8,crucifixion10 ! ar*itectural framework only agrees 9 its g5]al l9es1 ?\gh ! designs evid5tly =m a pair4 ,app>5tly1 !re=e1 ! s]ies 0 made = a range ( six w9d[s1 f\r ( !m ) d\ble & two ) s+le divisions4 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 ! s]ies 0 begun1 b n complet$1 by ,holbe9 9 #aebc1 8 j\rney to ! s\? ( ,france int]v5+4 ,on 8 return to ,basel he resum$ ! "w1 :i* 0 probably f9i%$ by ! end ( ! same ye> or e>ly 9 #aebd4 ,he sees diff]5ces1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! ar*itecture1 9 c]ta9 ( ! draw+s1 su* z ! 8,mock+10 :i* sugge/ t ! arti/ _h ga9$ fre% ideas f 8 /udy ( ! build+s 9 ! t[ns ?r\gh :i* he pass$ on 8 way to ,montpelli]1 :]e he w5t to deliv] ! portrait ( ,erasmus to ,bonifacius ,am]ba*4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/0 ,,s]ies ,! s]ies op5s ) 8,*ri/ be=e ,caiaphas0 7,pl4 #df 7#a774cce ,! high prie/ is se5 f ! side1 seat$ ^u a ?rone rais$ on /eps )9 a ri*ly-decorat$ hall1 ?r\gh ! entrance to :i* ! soldi]s escort+ ,*ri/ are cr[d+4 ,*ri/ /&s bel[ 8 judge1 8 h&s b\nd1 & 8 sorr[ful face turn$ t[>ds "o ( ! soldi]s1 :o1 ) uplift$ fi/1 is ab\t to /rike him4 ,! second sc5e1 t ( ! 8,sc\rg+0 7,pl4 #df 7#b771ccf is enact$ 9 ano!r "p ( ! same build+1 %[+ ! same l[1 flatt5$ ar*es1 & a correspond+ pill> on ! "r ) ,r5aissance c>v+ 9 flat relief & inlaid m>ble4 ,*ri/1 8 head droop+ on 8 %\ld]1 an almo/ nude figure1 is b\nd to a broad circul> column ) a decorat$ top4 ,9 ! action ( ! ?ree soldi]s :o are ply+ _! :ips & sc\rges !re is little ( t exagg]at$ vehem5ce ( action :i* is to be se5 9 ,holbe9's e>li] v]sions ( ?is subject1 :ile 9 bo? ?is & ! succe$+ pictures ! type ( face is less repulsive1 & great] retic5ce is %[n 9 ! display ( brutality4 ,9 mo/ cases ! faces ( ! soldi]s are turn$ away f ! spectator1 or half hidd5 by _! action1 or only se5 9 pr(ile4 ,! di/ortion & c>icature h disappe>$1 & 8 types h become natural ones1 tak5 f ! daily life ar\nd him4 ,! co/ume 9 few in/ances only is t ( ,holbe9's "t1 & ! soldi]s we> :at is int5d$ to be ! antique ,roman dress1 su* z _h become famili> to him ?r\gh ,mantegna's designs4 ,ne> ,*ri/1 9 8,! ,sc\rg+10 a little beh9d ! c5tral gr\p1 /&s a be>d$ man 9 ! g[n & hood ( a monk1 re/+ on a /ick1 z ?\gh sup]9t5d+ ! puni%m5t1 & wait+ = a confession2 & 9 ! backgr\nd a gall]y runs across ! build+ "u ! ar*es1 f :i* a second hood$ figure is look+ d[n on ! sc5e4 ,unlike ! o!r %eets ( ! set1 ! 8,mock+ ( ,*ri/0 7,pl4 #dg 7#a77ccg takes place b5ea? ! high1 po9t$ vault+ ( "s ,go?ic build+1 ) its ar*es op5 to ! sky4 ,*ri/1 bl9dfold$ & ) ti$ h&s1 8 body cov]$ by ! robe !y h plac$ ov] him1 is seat$ 9 ! c5tre1 ) b5t head1 & m\? half op5 ) pa94 ,"o ( ! soldi]s kneels1 & ?ru/s ! re$ into 8 h& z a sceptre1 :ile a second1 /oop+ d[n1 clut*es 8 hair ) "o h&1 & raises ! o!r z ?\gh ab\t to /rike him 9 ! face4 ,on ! left betwe5 two pill>s /&s a tall figure clad 9 a long g[n1 & ! upp] "p ( 8 face conceal$ by a hood ( a peculi> patt]n1 ) a hang+ peak beh9d1 su* z is associat$ ) portraits ( ,dante4 ,?is spectator1 :o is also to be se5 among ! cr[d 9 ! fir/ design1 has a cynical smile on 8 face4 ,! :ole gr\p1 :i* sugge/s a /udy = a "w ( pla/ic art1 is %[n 9 /rong =e%ort5+1 z ?\gh x 7 int5d$ to be se5 f "s di/ance bel[2 & ! same effect is produc$ by ! p]spective ( ! vault+ & 9 ! draw+ ( ! hang+ lamp1 ( an unusual & int]e/+ patt]n1 ov] ,*ri/'s head4#cch ,?is draw+ is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ beautiful ( all1 ! happie/ 9 its composition1 & ! mo/ spiritual 9 its feel+4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #df4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ ,,be=e ,,caiaphas ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sc\rg+ ,,( ,,*ri/ ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #dg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mock+ ,,( ,,*ri/ ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ ,,cr[n$ ,,) ,,?orns ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/0 ,,s]ies ,! rema9+ %eets ( ! s]ies h ea* an indep5d5t ar*itectural framework1 :i* =ms no "p ( ! actual sett+ ( ! sc5e itself1 b ?r\gh :i* x is se5 l a picture4 ,9 ! 8,cr[n+ ) ,?orns0 & 8,pilate wa%+ 8 ,h&s0 x consi/s ( two pill>s ) l>ge diamond-%ap$ panels conta9+ antique heads 9 m$allions1 &1 above ! elaborately-c>v$ capitals1 *>m+ly-drawn w+$ putti support+ ! ends ( a wrea? :i* hangs f ! c5tre ( ! frame4 ,9 ! 8,cr[n+0 7,pl4 #dg 7#b771cci ,*ri/ is se5 f ! side1 an almo/ nude figure1 seat$ on a high /one /ep 9 front ( a build+ ^u :i* ,holbe9 has giv5 free play to 8 delight 9 ! ri*e/ ,r5aissance =ms4 ,9 ! ,savi\r's d[nca/ face is a look ( int5se suff]+1 nobly borne4 ,two ( ! soldi]s press ! cr[n ( ?orns ^u 8 head by means ( a long curv$ /ick held across x1 :i* a ?ird man is /rik+ viol5tly ) a /\t /aff1 9 ord] to =ce x securely d[n4 ,a f\r? kneels 9 front & ?ru/s ! re$ into ! victim's h&s ) a je]4 ,beh9d !m1 on ! left1 ,pilate /&s1 8 w& ( (fice held al(t4 ,9 ! next sc5e 7,pl4 #dh 7#a77cdj ,pilate is seat$ on a high ?rone ) a canopy support$ by *a9s fa/5$ to ! necks ( two sculptur$ figures1 & long curta9s1 bo? canopy & curta9s be+ decorat$ ) ! lilies ( ,france4 ,?is ?rone1 or judgm5t-seat1 is plac$ 9 an op5 c\rt1 & 9 ! backgr\nd rises a ,go?ic build+ ( ! type to be se5 9 ! /reets ( ,basel 9 ,holbe9's day4 ,pilate p]=ms ! symbolic action ( wa%+ 8 h&s ) ! greate/ vig\r & det]m9ation1 "o att5dant hold+ a l>ge flat bas9 9 front ( him :ile a second p\rs 9 ! wat]4 ,on ! "r ,*ri/ is be+ l$ away by a cr[d ( soldi]s ) uplift$ pikes & spe>s4 ,pilate1 ) head turn$ t[>ds ! dep>t+ ,savi\r1 is call+ aft] him1 /rong excitem5t %[n on 8 face4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,passion ,,( ,,*ri/0 ,,s]ies ,! next sc5e1 ! 8,ecce ,homo0 7,pl4 #dh 7#b771cda also takes place outside ! hall ( judgm5t1 ) a l>ge ,go?ic build+ ) p9nacl$ gables fill+ 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,?is build+ is nei!r ,g]man nor ,italian 9 /yle1 b ( late ,go?ic ,fr5* ar*itecture1 ( ! type ( ! hospital f\nd$ by ! ,*ancellor ,nicolas ,roll9 9 ,beaune1 a t[n ?r\gh :i* ,holbe9 w\ld be likely to pass on 8 way to ,montpelli]1 & = ?is reason ,dr4 ,ganz reg>ds x z "o ( ! late/ ( ! s]ies1 done aft] ! arti/'s return to ,basel 9 #aebd4 ,holbe9 has made use ( ! same build+ 9 ! cut ( ! ,empress 9 ! 8,dance ( ,dea?40#cdb ,pilate /&s 9 ! op5 doorway on ! "r1 ) ,*ri/ by 8 side4 ,"o h& grasps 8 w& ( (fice1 & ! o!r is held up z ?\gh dem&+ sil5ce f ! cr[d ( spectators & soldi]y fill+ ! space bel[ him1 :o are %\t+ & ge/iculat+1 & po9t+ _! f+]s 9 scorn at ! droop+ figure by ,pilate's side4 ,"h aga9 ! expression ( suppress$ angui% & pa9 on ,*ri/'s face has be5 admirably sugge/$ by ! arti/1 :o has also produc$ ! effect ( a l>ge & vehem5tly-agitat$ cr[d ( p by means ( a few figures clev]ly gr\p$ & contra/$4 ,beh9d ! ,savi\r is se5 ! head ( ! man 9 ! hood-l cap1 possibly int5d$ = "s (ficial ( ! ,c\rt1 :o is %[n 9 two ( ! e>li] designs ( ! set4 ,he appe>s aga9 9 ! 8,cross-be>+0 7,pl4 #di7a771cdc ! la/ figure issu+ f ! gate1 & "h1 too1 ,holbe91 ) admirable skill 9 composition1 has produc$ ! effect ( a l>ge body ( excit$ p4 ,! procession on its way to ,calv>y has j issu$ ?r\gh ! gateway ( ! t[n1 a view ( ! /reet ) its high-ro($ h\ses be+ se5 9 ! backgr\nd ?r\gh ! ar*way1 & on ! "r ! out] wall ) a circul> t[] at ! angle4 ,! g5]al composition foll[s ) "s clos5ess ,holbe9's e>li] v]sions ( ! subject1 ?\gh m>k$ by less passionate action & less insi/5ce on ugly facial types4 ,*ri/1 a mo/ nobly-conceiv$ figure1 9 ! c5tre ( ! procession1 is /umbl+ "u ! weight ( ! great cross1 ?\gh he has n actually fall5 to ! gr\nd4 ,he is urg$ =w>d by ! soldi]s :o surr\nd ,him1 "s ( :om raise _! cl5*$ fi/s1 :ile "o1 clad 9 ,roman helmet & arm\r1 ?ru/s a great cudgel into 8 side ) a brutal en]gy :i* is mirror$ 9 8 face4 ,9 front walk ! two ?ieves1 almo/ nude1 _! h&s ti$ beh9d !m1 ! "o :o is turn+ t[>ds ! spectator ) a f9ely-drawn head full ( "*4 ,above ! cr[d rise ! %afts & po9ts ( weapons ( _m %apes1 toge!r ) ! uplift$ ladd] & ! re$4 ,! framework surr\nd+ ?is draw+ & its fell[ is exceptionally ri* 9 its decorative treatm5t4 ,! columns ) _! basket-"w & flat /ucco-l ornam5t are connect$ across ! top ( ! %eet by an acan?usleaf scroll design ( great beauty1 recall+ simil> "w on ! organ %utt]s 9 ,basel ,m9/]1 :i* surr\nds & supports a wrea? conta9+ an antique head 9 ! c5tre4 ,! scroll-"w 9 ! next design1 ! 8,/ripp+ ( ,*ri/'s ,g>m5ts0 7,pl4 #di 7#b771cdd is entw9$ r\nd ! bodies ( two nak$ boys4 ,! ,savi\r kneels ^u ! ,cross1 9 ! utmo/ mis]y & dejection1 :ile two soldi]s te> 8 g>m5ts f him ) great viol5ce4 ,9 /rik+ contra/ to ^! two m5 is ! figure ( ! kneel+ man 9 ! front :o is bor+ holes 9 ! wood to take ! nails4 ,he b5ds ov] 8 "w1 indiff]5t or oblivi\s to ! turmoil ar\nd him1 or to ! trag$y 9 :i* he is play+ 8 humble "p4 ,beh9d ! c5tral gr\p !re is a great conc\rse ( p1 among :om c be di/+ui%$ "o ( ! ?ieves1 & a man ) uplift$ mattock prep>+ a hole = ! ,cross1 &1 on ! "r1 ! head & %\ld]s ( ,pilate4 ,9 ?is sc5e mo/ ( ! figures are clad 9 contempor>y dress4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #dh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pilate ,,wa%+ ,,8 ,,h&s ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,ecce ,,homo ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #di4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ ,,be>+ ,,! ,,cross ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,/ripp+ ,,( ,,*ri/',s ,,g>m5ts ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,an ev5 great] cr[d is %[n 9 ! la/ sc5e b "o1 ! 8,nail+ to ! ,cross0 7,pl4 #ej7a774cde ,*ri/ lies /ret*$ ^u ! gr\nd1 8 body ^u ! ,cross4 ,"o ( ! kneel+ execution]s =ces d[n 8 "r arm ) bo? h&s1 :ile a second1 ) uplift$ hamm]1 is driv+ 9 a huge nail ?r\gh 8 palm4 ,on ! o!r side a ?ird man has seiz$ ! left arm & is dragg+ x ) viol5ce t[>ds him 9 ord] to /ret* ! body to ! utmo/4 ,beh9d !m ! soldi]s are ca/+ lots = ! g>m5ts1 & /ill f>!r away ! crosses ) ! two ?ieves are be+ rais$ al(t4 ,on ! "r ,pilate1 on a mule1 gazes d[n at ! agonis$ body ( ! ,savi\r1 z does a man plac$ ne>] to ! spectator1 we>+ a s*ol>'s cap & g[n1 :o be>s "s small lik5ess to ,erasmus4 ,9 ! front1 on ! gr\nd1 is plac$ a circul> wood5 box ) h&les1 conta9+ ! execution]'s tools4 ,! columns ( ! framework are support$ by fauns4 ,9 ! la/ sc5e ( all1 repres5t+ ! 8,crucifixion0 7,pl4 #ej 7#b771cdf ! two crosses ) ! bodies ( ! ?ieves are plac$ at "r angles to ! c5tral "o1 on :i* ,*ri/ is nail$1 z 9 ! same subject 9 ! pa9t$ alt>-panel4 ,?is draw+ is ! only "o 9 ! set 9 :i* ! ,virg9 & ,/4 ,john are introduc$4 ,/4 ,john1 gaz+ upw>ds at ! ,savi\r1 ^: suff]+s are at l5g? ov]1 supports ! ,virg9's droop+ body z %e leans =w>d ) clasp$ h&s aga9/ ! foot ( ! ,cross4 ,on ! opposite side1 on ! "r1 ! ,c5turion1 9 full ,roman arm\r1 & ) a l>ge %ield decorat$ ) a ,m$usa head1 lifts up 8 "r arm z a sign ( 8 belief4 ,beh9d him is a soldi] ) 8 crossb[ "u 8 arm1 & 8 h&s clasp$ z ?\gh he1 too1 7 mov$ to ! utmo/ by ! trag$y4 ,a man :o has j affix$ ! plac>d ov] ,*ri/'s head is desc5d+ a ladd] rais$ at ! back ( ! ,cross1 & on ei!r side1 above ! heads ( ! cr[d1 are se5 ! uplift$ re$ ) ! sponge dipp$ 9 v9eg>1 & ! spe> :i* pi]c$ ! ,savi\r's side4 ,9 ?is sc5e !re is little ( ! en]gy & ev5 viol5ce ( ! e>li] pictures2 = ! action has come to an end ) ! dea? ( ,*ri/1 & ,holbe9 has depict$ x z ?\gh a hu% _h fall5 ov] ! multitude ( p :o1 ) uplift$ faces1 are gaz+ on _! h&iwork4 ,_! attitudes are quiet & re/ra9$1 ! vehem5ce ( passion has subsid$1 & ! pres5ce ( dea? has quell$ all ang] & clam\r4 ,ea* picture ( ! s]ies is *>act]is$ by great dramatic p[]1 & a =ce & dignity ( conception :i* %[s a /rik+ advance 9 ,holbe9's art :5 comp>$ ) ! e>ly 8,passion0 sc5es on canvas4 ,9 ! simplicity & gr&eur ( _! composition1 & 9 ! l>g5ess ( _! design1 !y af=d evid5ce t _h ,holbe9 work$ on ! s\!rn side ( ! ,alps1 he w\ld h equall$1 if he _h n surpass$1 9 "w ( ?is k9d1 ! frescoes & wall-pa9t+s ( ! great ,italian ma/]s4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ej4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ ,,nail$ ,,to ,,! ,,cross ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,crucifixion ,! 8,passion0 s]ies ( designs = pa9t$ glass ,,basel ,,gall]y ,replicas ( sev5 ( ^! t5 designs1 b rev]s$1 are 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4#cdg ,!y are n ! direct "w ( ,holbe9's h&1 b (fsets tak5 f ! ,basel draw+s by means ( damp$ pap]1 a common practice ) ! arti/ 9 mak+ decorative designs = su* ?+s z cups or goblets1 9 :i* ! ornam5tation on bo? sides ( ! object 0 simil>4 ,9 ! same mann] ,holbe9 obta9$ copies ( ! 8,passion0 draw+s1 & !y 7 aft]w>ds /r5g!n$ 9 places by ret\*es ) a f9e bru% & ,indian ink1 und\bt$ly ! "w ( ,holbe9 himself4 ,!y h ?us v l>gely ! "* ( ! orig9al draw+s1 & are equal to !m 9 effect1 ?\gh light] 9 appe>ance on acc\nt ( ! me?od employ$1 ! ,indian ink %ad+ be+ pal] 9 col\r ?an 9 ! orig9als4 ,9 ! 8,cross-be>+0 additional ret\*es 9 sepia by a lat] & weak] h&1 :i* greatly m> ! design1 are to be se54 ,! ?ree miss+ subjects are ! 8,sc\rg+10 8,*ri/ ,cr[n$ ) ,?orns10 & ! 8,nail+ to ! ,cross40 ,?is set 0 =m]ly 9 ! ,lawr5ce ,collection1 f :i* x 0 pur*as$ = ! ,museum4 ,x may possibly be ! s]ies possess$ by ,s&r>t1 :i* he calls a 8,passion 9 folio10 ( :i* two compositions ( ! set 7 miss+4 ,s&r>t (f]$ #bjj flor9s to anyone :o w\ld procure !m = him1 s t he c\ld exhibit ! "w complete = ! hon\r ( ! great ma/] :o design$ x4 ,sid5ote3 ,,co/umes ,,worn ,,by ,,basel ,,ladies ,among ! draw+s & designs ( ?is p]iod :i* 7 n made = ! purpose ( reproduction 9 pa9t$ glass1 ! set repres5t+ ! co/umes worn by contempor>y ,basel ladies is among ! mo/ important4 ,!re are six ( ^!1#cdh or r five1 = ! six?1 :i* repres5ts a fille de joie ) l>ge hat & l[-cut dress 7,pl4 #ea 7#a771 is n reg>d$ z a "w f ,holbe9's own h&4 ,!y are p5 & wa% draw+s1 &1 ) ! exception ( ! la/ "o1 7 9 ,am]ba*'s possession4 ,x is n easy to say exactly = :at purpose !y 7 made1 b c]ta9ly n = pa9t$ glass4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t !y repres5t designs = dresses inv5t$ by ,holbe9--sixte5?-c5tury fa%ion plates--:i* ! ladies ( ,basel aft]w>ds us$ z models2 b a simpl] & m natural explanation is t !y are m]ely /udies ( co/ume made f "t to "t :5 ,holbe9 saw a dress :i* pleas$ him1 :i* w\ld be ( use 9 ! c>ry+ out ( 8 wall-pa9t+s1 or 8 book illu/rations1 or 9 o!r ways4 ,!y appe> to h be5 done dur+ 8 fir/ ye>s 9 ,basel4 ,p]haps ! e>lie/ ( !m is ! "o ( ! noble lady ) a hat cov]$ ) o/ri* fea!rs1#cdi & h] hair conf9$ 9 a silk5 net at ! back1 :o we>s a dress ( wat]$ silk ) a tra91 :i* %e holds up ) h] "r h&4 ,?is1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 is ( ab\t ! date #aeaf or #aeag1 & 9 draughtsman%ip & h&l+ has mu* 9 common ) ! portrait ( ,mey]'s wife1 ,doro!a1 :ile ! embroid]y & tassel-"w ( ! bodice 9 bo? ! draw+ & ! picture are v simil>4 ,! draw+ ( ! ,basel 8,edeldame0 7,pl4 #eb71cej tak5 almo/ f ! back1 :i* is ! mo/ beautiful ( ! s]ies1 is c]ta9ly a little lat] 9 date1 & %[s great fre$om1 delicacy1 & tru? ( draughtsman%ip4 ,h] hair is cov]$ ) a semi-transp>5t /rip$ gauze cap1 ( a simil> patt]n to ! "o 9 ! portrait ( ! burgoma/]'s wife4 ,! neck & %\ld]s are cov]$ ) f9e :ite lawn1 & ! pla9 dress is only reliev$ by deep b&s ( velvet1 & a girdle f :i* is susp5d$ a metal case ( *as$ "w = a measure or 8h\se-wife0 at ! end ( a long b&4 ,at lea/ two ladies appe> to h s]v$ ,holbe9 z a model = ^! /udies4 ,! 8,frau ,burg]mei/]10 ,doro!a ,kann5giess]1 pos$ z ! ,basel] 8,burg]sfrau10#cea & p]haps z ! 8,edeldame10 :ile = ! rema9+ /udies1 among !m t ( ! patrician dame ) ! fea!r hat already describ$1 a model ( a m lovely & a m wanton appe>ance s]v$ him1 :o lat] on 0 pa9t$ by him z 8,las ,cor9?iaca40 ,9 a second draw+ ( ! set ! same lady appe>s 9 a g[n ) puff$ sleeves & deep velvet b&s1 embroid]$ petticoat & head-dress1 & we>+ a numb] ( ornam5ts r\nd h] neck1 includ+ an op5work coll> ) ! ^w 8,,amor40#ceb ,! same model appe>s 9 a ?ird draw+ 7,pl4 #ea 7#b771 9 :i* %e poses z a waitress1 or ho/ess1 ) a tall cyl9drical be]-glass support$ on h] "r h&1 :ile ) ! o!r %e holds up h] f9ely-pleat$ apron4#cec ,%e we>s a l>ge flat hat ( unusual %ape on ! side ( h] head1 trimm$ all r\nd ) bun*es ( fea!rs1 & r\nd h] neck is a gold coll> ( op5work ) ! initials 8,m4,o40 repeat$ sev]al times4 ,! 8,amor0 ( ! fir/-nam$ coll> or neckb& 0 ! inv5tion1 9 all probability1 ( ! arti/ himself1 by add+ an ,a & an ,r to ! initials1 ,m4,o41 ( ! lady's "n4 ,^! initials indicate t ,holbe9's sitt] 0 ,magdal5a ,(f5burg1 & ! lik5ess betwe5 ^! /udies & ! 8,las0 & 8,v5us0 pictures is /rik+4#ced ,?is notori\s p]sonage1 by bir? a ,ts*ekk5brl91 & ! "m ( ,doro!a ,(f5burg1 :o at "o "t 0 reg>d$ z ! model ( ! 8,las10 m>ri$1 on ! dea? ( ,hans ,(f5burg 9 #aead1 ,*ri/( ,tru*sess von ,wolhus54 ,%e appe>s to h s]v$ z a model & to h _h relation%ips ( a d\btful "* ) m ?an "o pa9t] ( ,basel4 ,!re is a draw+ ( h] by ,urs ,graf1 dat$ #aeaf1 to :i* he has add$ an indecor\s m>g9al note reflect+ ^u h] c\rse ( life4#cee ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ea4 ,illu/ration3 ,,co/ume ,,/udy ,two draw+s f a set ( designs ( ,ladies' ,co/umes ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,co/ume ,,/udy ,two draw+s f a set ( designs ( ,ladies' ,co/umes ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #eb4 ,illu/ration3 8,,! ,,edeldame0 ,"o ( a set ( designs ( ,ladies' ,co/umes ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,co/umes ,,worn ,,by ,,basel ,,ladies ,"o use to :i* ,holbe9 put su* draw+s z ^! is to be se5 9 ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 woodcuts4 ,9 sev]al ( !m 9 :i* wom5 are introduc$1 ^! co/ume /udies are closely foll[$2 = in/ance1 9 ! little picture ( ! newly-m>ri$ c\ple1 ! wife's dress is almo/ id5tical ) t 9 ! fir/ draw+ ( ! 8,basel] ,frau5tra*t50 s]ies2 & o!r dresses ( ! set are closely copi$ 9 su* cuts z 8,! ,c\ntess0 & ! 8,arms ( ,dea?40 ,^! draw+s1 z already not$1 %[ v pla9ly ! peculi> c>riage ( ! body 9 walk+ :i* ! ladies ( ,basel adopt$ 9 ,holbe9's day1 ) ! back holl[$ s t ! l[] "p ( ! figure 0 ?ru/ =w>d1 9 a v ugly fa%ion to mod]n eyes1 b no d\bt necess>y to "s ext5t ow+ to ! l5g? ( ! dress 9 front1 :i* _h always to be held up by "o h&4 ,!re is a v beautiful co/ume /udy 9 ! ,libr>y at ,dessau1#cef :i* is closely alli$ to ! ,basel s]ies4 ,x is an exce$+ly graceful r5d]+ ( a fair lady 9 an elaborate dress ) long hang+ sleeves1 & a close-fitt+ cap ov] h] curl$ hair4 ,! body is slightly incl9$1 & ) h] "r h& %e holds up h] dress1 & f ! o!r1 :i* is /ret*$ out1 hangs a bridle & h>ness4 ,!re is mu* elegance & grace ( movem5t 9 ! figure1 :i* ,holbe9 has set d[n ) a light & fl[+ t\*4 ,x is d\btful :at "* ! model is int5d$ to repres5t4 ,dr4 ,ganz calls h] 8,die s*ne ,phyllis10 &1 f ! bridle %e is hold+1 x is v possible t ,holbe9 int5d$ h] = t fair ,phyllis :o made ! le>n$ ,ari/otle s]ve h] z a horse2 or %e may repres5t ,nemesis1 ! driv] ( mank9d1 :om ,holbe9 introduc$ into 8 ,/eely>d wall-pa9t+ ( 8,! ,triumph ( ,ri*es10 fly+ ?r\gh ! sky ) some:at simil> attributes 9 h] h&s4 ,su* a repres5tation ( ,nemesis or ,=tune 0 n unusual1 & occurs 9 m ?an "o draw+ ( ! p]iod4 ,!re is "o 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y ( 8,frau ,v5us0 by ,niklaus ,manuel ,deuts*1 & ,dr] also makes use ( ! bridle 9 8 8,great ,=tune40 ,! beautiful /udy ( 8,/4 ,adrian0 9 ! ,l\vre1#ceg a p5 & wa% draw+1 t\*$ ) :ite1 on grey pap]1 is probably ! prelim9>y design = ! out] side ( ! %utt] ( an alt>-piece1 to be c>ri$ out 9 grisaille4 ,! sa9t is repres5t$ 9 full arm\r1 ) a long cloak1 hold+ ! sword & anvil1 symbols ( 8 m>tyrdom1 9 ei!r h&1 & a lion cr\*+ at 8 feet4 ,he /&s on a /one p>apet1 9 front ( :i* is an empty %ield4 ,! figure has mu* 9 common ) t ( ,/4 ,ursus 9 ! ,solo?urn ,madonna picture1 & !re is a /ill clos] resemblance 9 face to ! 8,/4 ,george0 9 ! ,k>lsruhe panel1 bo? ( ! ye> #aebb4 ,holbe9 evid5tly made use ( ! same model bo? = ! 8,/4 ,adrian0 & ! 8,/4 ,george10 = ! facial lik5ess is v close1 & bo? we> ! same bu%y1 curl+ hair4 ,x is1 !re=e1 safe1 foll[+ ,dr4 ,ganz1 to date ! ,l\vre draw+ z ( ! same ye>1 #aebb4 ,x 0 =m]ly catalogu$ z ( ! ,nor? ,italian ,s*ool4 ,holbe9's /udies f ! nude are s r>e t ! "o ( a "y woman 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y is ( exceptional int]e/4#ceh ,x is a p5 & wa% draw+1 t\*$ ) :ite 9 ! high lights1 on r$ pap]4 ,) ! exception ( ! 8,*ri/ 9 ! ,tomb10 & a s+le leaf ( ! ,basel 8,sket*-,book10#cei ?is nude woman is almo/ ! only draw+ ( ! k9d by him t is kn[n4 ,x appe>s to h be5 made m]ely z a /udy ( muscul> movem5t1 & n z a prelim9>y design = a picture4 ,! model is /epp+ =w>d f ! side ( a pla9 /one pill>1 a heavy /one held 9 ei!r h&1 ! weight ( :i* br+s ! muscles ( ! arms into prom95ce4 ,h] hair falls 9 long curls d[n h] back1 ! head is b5t t[>ds ! "r %\ld]1 & ! eyes are ca/ d[nw>ds1 & ! lips p>t$4 ,bo? 9 movem5t & 9 ! sugge/ion ( ! r\nd$ s(tness ( ! figure ! draw+ is admirable1 & at ! same "t displays an ,italian influ5ce1 recall+ simil> /udies by ,raphael & ,leon>do4 ,dr4 ,ganz places x among ! "w ( ,holbe9's second ,engli% p]iod4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ec4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,fight ,,betwe5 ,,l&skne*te ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 8,a ,,fight ,,( ,,l&skne*te0 ,holbe9 made use ( ! ,swiss l&skne*te = o!r purposes ?an t ( pa9t$ w9d[s4 ,"o or two ( 8 mo/ ma/]ly draw+s depict incid5ts 9 ! lives ( ^! m51 ^: picturesque dress & gay & manly be>+ made a /rong appeal to him4 ,! f9e/ & mo/ important ( !m is ! l>ge /udy 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y repres5t+ a fi]ce conflict betwe5 two consid]able bodies ( w>riors 7,pl4 #ec74cfj ,x depicts ! contempor>y me?ods ( w>f>e ) ! utmo/ vivacity & close adh]5ce to tru?4 ,x is1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 a "w ( ,holbe9's la/ resid5ce 9 ,basel1 probably made j be=e 8 return to ,engl& 9 #aecb4 ,9 ! =egr\nd ( ! fight two m5 are at close qu>t]s1 "o ( :om1 ) sword :irl+ ov] 8 head1 grips ! hair ( 8 oppon5t1 :o is /rik+ at 8 ?roat ) a long dagg]4 ,on ei!r side ( !m two soldi]s are =c+ a space r\nd !m ) enorm\s pikes1 :ile beh9d is a great cr[d ( %\t+1 pant+1 & /ruggl+ m51 ^: lances1 da%$ 9 ) a few ha/y /rokes1 /& out aga9/ ! sky ) an extraord9>y effect bo? ( numb] & movem5t4 ,9 ! hotte/ "p ( ! fight "o combatant uplifts a great d\ble-h&$ sword1 :ile ano!r protects 8 face ) 8 rais$ drum4 ,b5ea? _! feet are _m trampl$ bodies & %att]$ weapons4 ,! composition is a v f9e "o1 & ! draughtsman%ip ( extraord9>y vig\r & vitality4 ,"o c almo/ he> ! cries & yells1 & ! cla% ( ! arms1 s completely has ,holbe9 realis$ ! sc5e1 & s vividly set x d[n on pap] ) rapid b un]r+ p5cil4#cfa ,x is impossible to give "h ev5 a li/ ( 8 _m draw+s1 ( :i* s l>ge a numb] are 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection !re is a %eet ) /udies ( a recumb5t lamb & a lamb's head1#cfb bo? drawn ) ! utmo/ delicacy 9 silv]-po9t & slightly wa%$ ) wat]-col\r1 mo/ fai?ful r5d]+s ( nature1 p]haps made z a prelim9>y /udy = "s picture ( ! y\?ful ,/4 ,john2 & a second %eet ) a draw+ ( ! und]side ( a bat ) out/ret*$ w+s1#cfc c>ri$ out ) ! same m9ute c>e1 ! r$ ve9s1 :i* %[ ?r\gh ! transp>5t membranes ( ! w+s1 be+ put 9 ) wat]-col\r4 ,9 ! same collection !re are num]\s designs = jewell]y1 dagg]-%ea?s1 cups & o!r vessels1 = ! use ( silv]smi?s & metal-work]s2 b z mu* ( ,holbe9's be/ "w ( ?is k9d 0 produc$ 9 ,engl&1 discussion ( !m may be res]v$ until a lat] *apt] deal+ ) 8 designs = ! ,london goldsmi?s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,portraits ,,( ,,erasmus ,,& ,,8 ,,circle ,portraits ( ,erasmus & gidius by ,qu5t9 ,metsys--,copy ( ! 8,erasmus0 at ,hampton ,c\rt & ! orig9al 9 ,rome--,portraits ( ,erasmus by ,holbe9 s5t to ,london--,! ,long=d ,ca/le 8,erasmus0 & copies ( x--,! ,l\vre portrait1 & ! /udy = x at ,basel--,holbe9's j\rney to ! ,s\? ( ,france--,draw+s ( ! sepul*ral effigies ( ! ,duke & ,du*ess ( ,b]ry--,! ,grey/oke portrait & ! v]sion at ,p>ma--,! ,basel r\ndel--,woodcut portraits ( ,erasmus--,portraits ( ,frob5--,melan*?on--,holbe9's draw+ ( himself at ,basel4 ,,! portraits pa9t$ by ,holbe9 prior to 8 dep>ture f ,basel to ,engl& 7 n num]\s1 ev5 :5 all[ance is made = ! probable disappe>ance or de/ruction ( sev]al ( :i* no trace n[ rema9s4 ,!re are less ?an a doz5 9 all1 ev5 :5 ! ?ree diff]5t v]sions ( ,erasmus are includ$4 ,! ,burgoma/] ,mey] & 8 wife1 ,b5$ikt von ,h]t5/e91 ,am]ba*1 ,frob51 ,erasmus1 & 8 own portrait almo/ complete ! li/1 to :i* may be add$ ! two v]sions ( ,magdal5a ,(f5burg z 8,v5us0 & z 8,lais10 & ! portrait at ! ,hague n[ said to repres5t 8 wife %ortly aft] he m>ri$ h]4 ,consid]+ ! ma/]y he _h already display$ 9 ?is bran* ( art1 x is extraord9>y t he did n receive m commissions = portraits f 8 fell[-citiz5s4 ,he f\nd a good patron 9 ,erasmus1 h[ev]1 :o 0 always ready to sit = 8 lik5ess4 ,he 0 pa9t$ by sev]al well-kn[n arti/s1 & employ$ ,holbe9 on m ?an "o occasion4 ,he pres5t$ sev]al ( ^! portraits to fri5ds & support]s 9 ,engl& & else:]e1 & z he _h _m admir]s :o 7 anxi\s to possess "o1 ,holbe9's orig9al pictures ( him 7 copi$ a numb] ( times bo? dur+ ! philosoph]'s lifetime & aft]w>ds4 ,al?\gh ,erasmus paid 8 fir/ visit to ,basel 9 #aeac = ! purpose ( mak+ ! acqua9tance ( ,frob51 :o 0 ab\t to publi% sev]al ( 8 works1 includ+ 8 edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & r5ew$ ?is visit on sev]al occasions1 sometimes rema9+ !re = mon?s at a "t1 he did n make ! city 8 p]man5t home until #aeba4 ,bo? dur+ ^! e>li] visits & aft] he _h settl$ 9 ,basel1 he made ,frob5's home 8 own4 ,?is h\se1 8zum ,sessel10 0 9 ! ,fis*m>kt1 b aft] ,frob5's dea? 9 #aebf1 ,erasmus mov$ to ! h\se ( ,frob5's son1 8zum ,luft10 n[ ,no4 #ah 9 ! ,bumle+asse1 & x 0 9 ?is latt] h\se t he di$ 9 #aecf4 ,he 0 attract$ by ! fre$om & indep5d5ce ( ! life )9 ! city1 & ! opportunities x af=d$ bo? = quiet /udy & daily int]c\rse ) _m le>n$ m51 & also by ! numb] & fame ( its pr9t]s & _! presses4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,erasmus ,,& ,,gidius ,! e>lie/ portrait ( ,erasmus ( :i* we h a record is ! "o pa9t$ by ,qu5t9 ,metsys 9 ,antw]p 9 #aeag1 :i* =m$ ! left-h& side ( a d\ble portrait or dipty*1 ( :i* ! o!r half conta9$ ! portrait ( ,pet] gidius1 ! le>n$ travell]1 & t[n-cl]k ( ,antw]p1#cfd to :om ! ,utopia 0 d$icat$1 & ^: g>d5 0 select$ by ,m z ! sc5e 9 :i* ,raphael ,hy?lodu told ! imag9>y /ory ( t isl& city4 ,x 0 pa9t$ z a jo9t-gift f ,erasmus & gidius to ,sir ,?omas1 & ! two portraits 7 h+$ toge!r1 & s5t ov] to ,engl&4 ,sev]al lett]s 9 ! correspond5ce ( ,m & ,erasmus h ref]5ce to ?is pres5t4 ,! pa9t+ 0 delay$ 9 ! fir/ place by ! s]i\s illness ( ,pet]1 & !n by indisposition on ! "p ( ,erasmus4 8,i 0 well en\gh10 ,erasmus tells ,m1 8b "s fool ( a doctor prescrib$ = me a c\ple ( pills = purg+ my bile1 & ,i1 /ill m fooli%ly1 foll[$ 8 advice2 my picture _h be5 previ\sly begun1 b1 f ! physic ,i took1 :5 ,i came back to ! pa9t]1 he decl>$ t my features 7 n ! same1 s t 8 "w is delay$ = a few days until ,i become m alive40 ,! portraits 7 f9i%$ by ! #af? ( ,septemb] #aeag1 & s5t to ,m1 :o 0 !n at ,calais1 9 *>ge ( ,erasmus' 8famulus10 ,pet] ,cocles4 ,m's lett] ( ?anks1 dat$ ,octob] #f?1 express$ ! greate/ delight ) ! gift1 & conta9$ a ,lat9 poem 9 hon\r ( ! portraits1 9 :i* !y 7 bo? m9utely describ$4 ,9 a po/script he spoke 9 admiration ( ! way 9 :i* ,qu5t9 _h imitat$ 8 7,m's7 h&writ+ on ! lett] :i* ,pet] holds 9 8 h&4 ,^! two portraits no long] hang toge!r1 & until q rec5tly all traces ( ! 8,erasmus0 _h be5 lo/4 ,! 8gidius0 is n[ 9 ,long=d ,ca/le1 9 ! possession ( ,"l ,radnor1 & ) x hangs a portrait ( ,erasmus2 b ! latt] is n by ,metsys1 b by ,holbe94 ,at :at p]iod ! orig9al pair 7 p>t$ is n kn[n1 b ! two 9 ,long=d ,ca/le 7 pur*as$ at ,dr4 ,meade's sale 9 #aged1 ! fir/ ,"l ,folke/one giv+ #aje gu9eas = ! 8,erasmus10 :i* 0 rightly sold z by ,holbe91 & #ia gu9eas = ! 8gidius10 also describ$ z by ! same pa9t]2 & = _m ye>s bo? portraits 7 reg>d$ z ! "w ( ,holbe94 ,dr4 ,meade plac$ ,lat9 inscriptions on ! frames1 9 :i* ! names ( ,erasmus1 gidius1 & ,holbe9 7 jo9$ toge!r4 ,9 m rec5t ye>s ! au?or%ip ( ! 8gidius0 has be5 rightly ascrib$ to ,metsys1 :ile ,holbe9's signature1 & ! date #aebc on ! 8,erasmus0 prove conclusively t x is n ! orig9al companion-half ( ! dipty* pa9t$ 9 ,antw]p 9 #aeag1 fur!r pro( ( ?is be+ af=d$ by ! fact t bo? subjects are repres5t$ look+ to ! spectator's left1 in/ead ( t[>ds "o ano!r1 & t ! 8,erasmus0 is pa9t$ on a consid]ably l>g] scale ?an ! o!r1 :i* w\ld n h be5 ! case _h ! portraits be5 int5d$ z a pair4 ,! matt] 0 f9ally cle>$ up by ! late ,mr4 ,john ,g\gh ,ni*ols4#cfe gidius#cff is repres5t$ 9 a fur coat1 hold+ 9 8 left h& a lett] address$ to himself 9 ! h&writ+ ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1#cfg & 8 "r t\*+ a book :i* is inscrib$ 8,antib>b>oi0 9 ,greek capitals4 ,an ivory s&-ca/or & a gold cup & cov] are on "o ( ! %elves at ! back1 :i* are cov]$ ) books4 ,!re is a replica ( x 9 ! ,antw]p ,museum1 :i* diff]s slightly 9 a few ( ! details1 & is ei!r a f9e contempor>y copy or f ! h& ( ,metsys himself1 ?\gh until q rec5tly x 0 /ill (ficially describ$ z a portrait ( ,erasmus by ,holbe94#cfh ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,erasmus ,,writ+0 ,until a ye> or two ago all traces ( ! orig9al 8,erasmus0 by ,metsys _h disappe>$1 b ,h]man ,grimm1 ,woltmann1 & ,h4 ,hymans all id5tifi$ a picture at ,hampton ,c\rt z a r$uc$ copy ( ! orig9al4 ,?is is ! 8,erasmus ,writ+0 7,no4 #eid-cca71 a small half-l5g?1 turn$ to ! "r1 b ) bo? eyes se54 ,he is writ+ 9 a book :i* lies on a desk 9 front ( him4 ,o!r books are on a %elf at ! back1 ) ! titles inscrib$ on ! edges ( ! leaves1 all ( !m works by ,erasmus publi%$ be=e #aeag4 ,mr4 ,erne/ ,law#cfi sugge/s t x is id5tical ) ! picture 9 ,*>les ,i's catalogue describ$ z 8,"s s*oll> )\t a be>d1 9 a black habit & a black cap1 look+ d[nw>ds ^u a lett] :i* he holds 9 bo? h&s1 be+ side-fac$1 less ?an life2 :i* 0 s5t to ! ,k+ by 8 ,maje/y's si/]1 by ,mr4 ,*ancellor1 ,sir ,h5ry ,vane1 ,"l ,ambassador f ! ,k+ to ! ,k+ ( ,sw$51 pa9t$ ^u ! "r light--done by ,cornelius ,vis*]40 ,! poorness ( ! execution1 ! indi/9ctness ( ! lett]+ on ! books1 & ! utt] gibb]i% ( ! words :i* ,erasmus is writ+1 betray ! h& ( "s ignorant copyi/1 ?\gh en\gh ( ! word+ c be trac$ to %[ t ! philosoph] is engag$ 9 sett+ d[n ! title & fir/ words ( 8 comm5t>y on ,/4 ,paul's ,epi/le to ! ,romans1 :i* 0 begun 9 #aeag4cgj ,!re is a second copy ( ?is portrait 9 ! ,am/]dam ,museum2 & 9 ! #aijd edition ( ! ,am/]dam ,catalogue 7p4 #bjj71 a ?ird example 0 fir/ describ$1 :i* is n[ g5]ally reg>d$ z ! "w ( ,metsys himself & ! miss+ half ( ! dipty*4 ,x is 9 ,rome1 until rec5tly 9 ! collection ( ! late ,c\nt ,/rogan(f1 & 0 9 ! possession ( ,c\nt ,alex&] ,/rogan(f z e>ly z #ahjg4 ,x is slightly small] ?an ! 8gidius0 at ,long=d ,ca/le1 b has evid5tly be5 cut d[n1 z ! height ( ! heads z se5 aga9/ ! %elves at ! back is ! same 9 bo? pictures4 ,metsys repres5t$ ! two fri5ds z ?\gh seat$ 9 a s+le *amb]4 ,erasmus is plac$ on ! left1 fac+ ! "r1 & engag$ 9 writ+1 & gidius is on ! o!r side ( ! room1 look+ up ) ,m's lett] 9 8 h&1 & pu%+ =w>d 8 own book ( travels z ?\gh ab\t to pres5t x to ! ,engli%man4 ,! same book%elves run across ! backgr\nd 9 bo? portraits4#cga ,! picture has be5 rec5tly pres5t$ by ,c\nt ,/rogan(f's heirs to ! ,cors9i ,gall]y 9 ,rome4 ,?ree or f\r ye>s lat] ,erasmus' lik5ess 0 tak5 by ,albre*t ,dr]1 :o met him dur+ 8 t\r 9 ! ,ne!rl&s 9 ,july #aebj4 ,dr] appe>s to h made two draw+s#cgb ( him at ?is "t1 & "s ye>s aft]w>ds1 9 #aebf1 he engrav$ 8 head f memory1 ) ! aid ( "o ( ^! two /udies4 ,?is engrav+#cgc by no means equals ,holbe9's sev]al portraits ( ! s*ol>1 ei!r z a lik5ess1 or 9 its subtle expression ( "*4 ,erasmus1 writ+ to ,pirkheim]1 said t x 0 n at all l him1 b t ?is 0 n surpris+1 z he _h greatly *ang$ 9 five ye>s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,erasmus ,,& ,,frob50 ,,dipty* ,!re is no direct evid5ce to prove t ,holbe9 pa9t$ any portrait ( ,erasmus be=e ! ye> #aebc1 ?\gh x is v possible t he did s4 ,p]haps ! e>lie/ may be ! "o m5tion$ by ,remigius ,faes*1 :o inf]s1 9 8 manuscript life ( ! pa9t]1 t ,holbe9 once pa9t$ a d\ble picture ( ! fri5ds ,erasmus & ,frob54#cgd ,x is said t aft] ! sudd5 dea? ( ! latt] 9 #aebg1 f injuries caus$ by a fall on ! pavem5t1 ,erasmus obta9$ ! two portraits1 & _h !m h+$ toge!r1 z a p]petual memorial ( _! great fri5d%ip4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,erasmus 9 #aecf ?is dipty* rema9$ 9 ,basel = ne>ly a c5tury1 & 0 !n b\ght1 ab\t ! ye> #afbe1 by ,mi*el ,le ,blond1 ! well-kn[n collector ( works ( art1 = "o hundr$ gold5 ducats1 & %ortly aft]w>ds sold by him to ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham4 ,! ,duke aft]w>ds gave ! panels to ,*>les ,i4 ,on ! back ( ! 8,frob50 portrait at ,hampton ,c\rt !re is pa/$ a piece ( pap] inscrib$--8,?is picture ( ,frobonus 0 deliv]$ to 8 ,mt4 by ye ,duke ( ,buck+ham be=e he w5t to ! ,isle ( ,ree10 ! five words 9 brackets be+ n[ illegible4 ,9 ,k+ ,*>les' ,catalogue !y are ent]$ z1 8,! picture ( ,frobonius1 ) 8 pr9t+ tools by him1 be+ ,erasmus ( ,rott]dam's pr9t] & l&lord at ,basil4 ,done by ,holbe902 &1 8,! picture ( ,erasmus ( ,rott]dam1 9 a high black frame2 done by ,holb51 fell[ to ! a=esaid piece ( ,frob5ius1 pa9t$ ^u ! "r light40 ,!y 7 sold sep>ately1 aft] ! ,k+'s execution1 by ord] ( ! ,commonweal?1 & fet*$ l>g] prices ?an almo/ any o!r pictures f ! royal collection4 ,!y 7 valu$ at #ajj ea*1 & at t price 7 pur*as$ by ,mr4 ,milburne & ,colonel ,hut*9son respectively4 ,!y 7 return$ to ! royal collection at ! ,re/oration1 & 9 #afgb ,pat9 saw !m h+$ toge!r z !y _h be5 9 e>li] days4 ,!y are n[ 9 ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,:ile 9 ! possession ( ,*>les ,i1 or m probably ,le ,blond1#cge ^! two portraits 7 8re/or$10 & by no means improv$4 ,f\r in*es 7 add$ to ! top ( ! 8,frob5ius0 9 ord] to make x a p5dant to ! 8,erasmus10 & ! backgr\nds 7 repa9t$ & alt]$ by ,von ,/e5wyck4 ,! orig9al backgr\nd ( ! 8,frob5ius0 0 ei!r pla9 or a simple room ) a w9d[1 b has be5 *ang$ to a l(ty ap>tm5t ) pill>s & a pav$ floor1 "p ( ! orig9al blue-gre5 gr\nd be+ left beh9d ! head2 9 ! 8,erasmus0 x has be5 turn$ into an elaborate arrangem5t ( /one pill>s & ar*es1 resembl+ ! gloomy int]ior ( a *ur*4 ,walpole /ates t ,von ,/e5wyck's "n & ! date #afbi are on ! 8,frob5ius10 b ?is inscription _c n[ be discov]$4 ,! latt] is by f> ! f9] "w ( ! two4 ,! portrait ( ,frob51 :i* mo/ mod]n critics d n admit to be an orig9al "w1 is describ$ bel[4 ,! companion portrait ( ,erasmus--,no4 #eig 7#cbd7--;is c]ta9ly only a copy1 & n a v good copy1 ( "s orig9al by ,holbe91 possibly ! ,long=d 8,erasmus10 to :i* x be>s a close resemblance4 ,x 0 accept$ by ,wornum z a g5u9e "w ( ! e>ly ,basel p]iod1#cgf b mod]n criticism is unanim\s 9 condemn+ its au!nticity4 ,its only claim1 & a v slight "o1 to g5u95ess is t x 0 =m]ly h+$ to ! portrait ( ,frob52 b ,mr4 ,erne/ ,law#cgg ?r[s d\bt on ! /ory t ,erasmus himself _h ! two jo9$ toge!r1 :i* he reg>ds z a my?1 & sugge/s t ! jo9+ 0 done by "s picture-deal] 9 ,basel aft] ,erasmus' dea?1 or by ,le ,blond himself :5 he pur*as$ !m4 ,9 ! ,hampton ,c\rt picture#cgh ! s*ol> is repres5t$ at half-l5g?1 less ?an life1 turn$ slightly to ! left4 ,he is dress$ 9 ! usual black coat trimm$ ) fur1 & a black cap4 ,! h&s1 excell5tly drawn1 re/ on a clos$ r$-b\nd book 9 front ( him4 ,! orig9al pla9 backgr\nd1 z already /at$1 has be5 elaborat$ & spoilt by ,von ,/e5wyck4 ,x is probable t ! d\ble portrait spok5 ( by ,faes*1 ( :i* he _h a copy1 0 n ! orig9al "w ( ,holbe91 & 9 t case ! supposition1 bas$ on 8 manuscript1 t at "s unkn[n p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( ! dipty* ! 8,erasmus0 0 remov$1 & a copy sub/itut$ = x1 is equally incorrect4#cgi ,mo/ possibly ! picture n[ at ,hampton ,c\rt 0 ! "o actually pur*as$ by ,le ,blond 9 ,basel1 to :om x w\ld be sold z a g5u9e "w by ,holbe94 ,a /ill less probable supposition is t a *ange took place aft] ! sale ( ! royal collection 9 #afej1 :5 ! picture 0 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,milburne1 :o1 x is sugge/$1 at ! ,re/oration return$ a copy 9 place ( ! orig9al4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,erasmus ,! fir/ portraits ( ,erasmus by ,holbe9 to :i* a date c be giv5 are ! ,long=d ,ca/le example & ! pr(ile lik5ess 9 ! ,l\vre1 bo? ( :i* 7 pa9t$ 9 #aebc1 probably t[>ds ! end ( t ye>1 :5 ! arti/ 0 ab\t tw5ty-six2 & x is g5]ally agre$ t ^! are ! two :i* 7 s5t to ,engl& by ,erasmus 9 #aebd4 ,9 a lett] to 8 fri5d ,wilibald ,pirkheim] at ,nuremb]g1 dat$ ,june #crd ( t ye>1 ,erasmus says3 8,only rec5tly ,i h aga9 s5t two portraits ( me to ,engl&1 pa9t$ by a n unskilful arti/4 ,he has also tak5 a portrait ( me to ,france40 ,t ! pa9t] to :om ,erasmus ref]s 0 ,holbe9 is prov$ by a passage 9 ,beatus ,rh5anus' ,em5dations ( ,pl9y1 publi%$ by ,frob5 9 ,m>* #aebf1 & writt5 9 ! previ\s ye>4 ,9 speak+ ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ,g]man pa9t]s ( ! day1 he m5tions ,dr] 9 ,nuremb]g1 ,hans ,baldung 9 ,/rasburg1 & ,lucas ,crana* 9 ,saxony1 & concludes ) ,hans ,holbe9 9 ,switz]l&1 8born 9 ,augsburg1 b = a long "t a burgh] ( ,basel1 :o la/ ye> pa9t$1 mo/ successfully & f9ely1 two portraits ( our ,erasmus ( ,rott]dam1 :i* he aft]w>ds s5t into ,engl&40#chj ,"o ( ! two s5t to ,engl& 0 a pres5t to ,william ,w>ham1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 ^: ye>ly p5sion to ,erasmus 0 increas$ ab\t ?is "t4 ,! latt] wrote to ,w>ham on ,septemb] #d1 #aebd3 8,i hope t ! portrait pa9t$ ( me1 :i* ,i s5t to y1 has rea*$ y1 s t y may h some:at ( ,erasmus %\ld ,god call me h5ce40 ,x is n kn[n = :om ! second portrait 0 int5d$4 ,no ref]5ce to x is to be f\nd 9 ! num]\s lett]s despat*$ to ,engl& by ,erasmus 9 t ye>1 address$1 among o!rs1 to ,fi%]1 ,tun/all1 ,wolsey1 & ! ,k+ himself4 ,x 0 n1 app>5tly1 meant = ,sir ,?omas ,m1 = he already possess$ ! portrait ( 8 fri5d by ,metsys1 & x is n v probable t ,erasmus w\ld s5d him a second4 ,nor does ,m speak ( x 9 8 lett]s to ,basel1 al?\gh he is c]ta9 to h done s _h he receiv$ s valuable a gift1 = he 0 lavi% 9 8 praise & 8 ?anks = ! ,metsys portrait 9 #aeag4 ,x has be5 g5]ally suppos$ t ! well-kn[n lett] f ,m to ,erasmus1 9 :i* he speaks ( ,holbe9 z a wond]ful arti/1 af=ds pro( t ,sir ,?omas _h se5 "o or bo? ( ^! two portraits1 & t x 0 ( !m he 0 speak+ :5 he prais$ ! pa9t]'s skill4 ,! date ( ?is lett] is giv5 z ,decemb] #ah1 #aebe1 9 ! publi%$ works ( ,erasmus1 b ,h]man ,grimm %[$ t x 0 incorrect1 & alt]$ ! ye>-date to #aebd1 9 :i* ,woltmann foll[$ him4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is also an error4 ,! real date ( ! lett] is #aebf1 z is prov$ by ! lit]>y "w ( ,erasmus m5tion$ 9 x2 & x has1 !re=e1 no?+ to d ) ! two portraits s5t ov] 9 #aebd1 b 0 writt5 %ortly aft] ,holbe9's arrival 9 ,london1 :5 ,m _h made 8 p]sonal acqua9tance4#cha ,x is impossible to say :i* ( ! two portraits ( #aebc is ! e>li] 9 date4 ,no d\bt ! prelim9>y draw+s = bo? 7 made 9 ! little room or /udy 9 :i* ! s*ol> sat daily at "w ^u 8 own writ+s1 or sup]vis+ ! publication & correct+ ! pro(s ( o!r volumes issu$ by ,frob51 = :om he 0 !n act+ z a k9d ( editor-9-*ief4 ,9 ! ,long=d ,ca/le example 7,pl4 #ed7chb ,holbe9 has %[n 8 sitt] to ! wai/1 turn$ to ! left1 ! face se5 9 ?ree-qu>t]s4 ,he is we>+ 8 inv>iable dress ( black l9$ ) sable1 & ov] x a d>k cloak trimm$ ) black fur1 & a black doctor's cap ov] 8 grey hair4 ,he gazes 9 front ( him1 ) a half-smile 9 8 blue eyes & on 8 f9e1 s5sitive m\?4 ,8 h&s re/ on a r$ book plac$ on ! table be=e him1 on ! gilt edges ( :i* is inscrib$1 p>tly 9 ,greek & p>tly 9 ,lat9 *>act]s1 8 ,,erasmi ,,rot]o--0 7,! ,h]culean lab\rs ( ,erasmus ( ,rott]dam7--! end ( ! la/ ^w be+ hidd5 by ! sable cuff ( ! cloak4 ,! backgr\nd %[s on ! left a flat1 ri*ly-ornam5t$ pill> & capital ( ,r5aissance design1 & on ! "r a gre5 curta9 hung f a rod by r+s1 p>tly drawn aside1 & reveal+ a %elf on :i* are ?ree books & a glass wat]-bottle4 ,on ! cov] ( ! book :i* leans aga9/ ! latt] is ! date 8,,mdxxiii410 & on ! edge ( ! same volume is a damag$ c\plet 9 ,lat91 n[ p>tly defac$1 :i* ,j4 ,mhly1 aft] supply+ sev]al miss+ words1 read z foll[s3-- 8,ille ego ,joannes ,holbe91 en1 non facile ullus4 ,tam mihi mimus erit quam mihi momus erat40#chc ,^! l9es1 no d\bt1 7 compos$ by ,erasmus himself 9 praise ( ! arti/4 ,traces ( fur!r inscriptions1 n[ undeciph]able1 are to be se5 on ! edges ( ! o!r books4 ,?is "w %[s an extraord9>y advance 9 ,holbe9's p[]s z a portrait-pa9t] :5 comp>$ ) ev5 s f9e a "w z ! 8,bonifacius ,am]ba*10 pa9t$ f\r ye>s e>li]4 ,! modell+ ( bo? head & h&s is se>*+ 9 its tru?1 & he r>ely accompli%$ any?+ m p]fect 9 ! subtlety ( its del9eation ( "*1 & 9 a realism )\t exagg]ation or h>dness ( detail4 ,we see ! 8little old man10 z ,dr] describ$ him :5 he met him 9 ,brussels "s ye>s e>li]1 j z he 0 9 reality1 ! m>ks ( age on 8 /rongly-l9$ face1 & ab\t ! eyes some?+ ( ! tir$ look ( ! s*ol> & bookman1 b ! face /ill /amp$ ) m5tal en]gy1 & a calm1 tol]ant1 & dignifi$ outlook on life4 ,a fa9t smile lights up 8 features1 z ?\gh satisfi$ bo? ) 8 own accompli%$ "w & ) ! _w 9 :i* he 0 liv+4 ,= p5etrat+ insight1 inde$1 ?is portrait is almo/ unsurpass$4 ,x %[s t side ( ! "* ( ,erasmus :i* is display$ 9 8 famili> lett]s to fri5ds1 9 8 ,praise ( ,folly1 & 8 ,colloquies1 a g5tle1 g5ial s5se ( hum\r :i* sweet5$ 8 int]c\rse ) 8 fell[s4#chd ,a %eet 9 ! ,pr9t ,room ( ! ,l\vre conta9s a slight1 almo/ oblit]at$1 /udy = ! head 9 ?is picture1 b full face1 & a ma/]ly draw+ = ! "r h&1 full ( "*2#che a second conta9s two /udies ( ! left h&1 & "o ( ! "r h& hold+ ! p5 9 ! ,l\vre portrait 7,pl4 #ee74chf ,9 ! catalogue ( ! ,meade sale x 0 /at$ t ! picture _h be5 at "o "t 9 ! ,arundel ,collection4#chg ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ed4 ,illu/ration3 ,,erasmus #aebc ,f ! picture 9 ! collection ( ! ,e>l ( ,radnor at ,long=d ,ca/le ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,long=d ,,ca/le 8,,erasmus0 ,?is v]sion ( ,erasmus 0 repeat$ & copi$ m ?an once1 ) slight modifications1 dur+ ! lifetime ( ! sitt] z well z aft] 8 dea?4 ,su* v]sions are to be f\nd at ,tur91 ,vi5na1 & else:]e1 ! be/ ( :i* is ! "o 9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,walt] ,gay1 9 ,p>is2#chh :ile !re are o!rs1 less closely foll[+ ! orig9al1 su* z ! 8,erasmus0 at ,hampton ,c\rt already describ$1 :i* =ms a p5dant to ! 8,frob5ius40 ,!re is a f9e portrait ( ,erasmus 9 ,w9dsor ,ca/le by ,george ,p5cz#chi ( ,nuremb]g1 a pupil ( ,dr]'s1 :i* is evid5tly bas$ on ! ,long=d ,ca/le picture1 or a good copy ( x1#cij :i* be>s ! arti/'s initials & ! date #aecg1 s t x 0 pa9t$ ! ye> aft] ! s*ol>'s dea?4 ,x has a pla9 gre5 backgr\nd1 on :i* ! %ad[ ( ! head is ca/1 & "p only ( ! clasp$ h&s are %[n4 ,! dress closely resembles t worn by ,erasmus 9 ! ,long=d ,ca/le picture4 ,?is portrait1 ?\gh x lacks mu* ( ! "* ( ! orig9al :i* inspir$ x1 reproduces _m ( its small details1 includ+ ! peculi> pat* ( d>k5$ sk9 betwe5 ! left *eek-bone & ! e>1 :i* is to be se5 9 almo/ all ,holbe9's portraits ( him4#cia ,x 0 b\ght by ! ,duke ( ,hamilton 9 ,nuremb]g & pres5t$ by him to ,*>les ,i 9 #afeb4 ,x 0 ,no4 #ac 9 ,van d] ,doort's ,catalogue ( t ,k+'s collections4 ,ev]y?+ indicates t ! orig9al picture ( :i* ?is is a v]sion 0 9 ,engl& 9 #aecg2 b z !re is no record ( any visit paid to ?is c\ntry by ,p5cz1 he mu/ h work$1 n f ! ,long=d orig9al1 b f "o ( ! v>iants pa9t$ ab\t #aecj1 aft] ,holbe9's return to ,basel f ,engl&4 ,! portrait 9 ! ,l\vre 7,pl4 #ef7cib is small] ?an ! ,long=d ,ca/le picture4 ,erasmus is %[n 9 pr(ile to ! left1 ab\t two-?irds ! size ( life1 seat$ at a table1 writ+1 8 eyes ca/ d[n on ! pap]1 :i* he holds 9 position ) 8 left h& ^u a book he is us+ z a writ+-desk4 ,9 8 "r#cic is a re$ p54 ,8 dress is ! same z 9 ,"l ,radnor's picture1 & 8 black cap almo/ conceals 8 grey hair4 ,9 ! backgr\nd on ! left is a damask curta9 ( d>k blui% gre51 ) a patt]n ( trees & lions 9 sage gre51 & p[d]$ ) small r$ & :ite fl[]s2 &1 on ! "r1 "s wood5 panell+4 ,! inscription on ! pap] he holds is n[ q illegible1 b 9 ! /udy = ! picture1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 x is /ill to be pla9ly read1 & %[s t ! s*ol> is sett+ d[n ! title ( ! "w ^u :i* he 0 engag$ at ! "t he 0 sitt+ to ,holbe94 ,x runs-- 8,9 ,evangelium ,m>ci p>aphrasis p] ,d4 ,erasmum ,rot]odamium auctorem ,cunctis mortalibus insitum e/40 ,?is is ! head+ ( 8 p>aphrase ( ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,m>k1 ^u :i* he 0 at "w 9 #aebc1 & gives ! date ( ! picture4 ,! inscription on ! ,l\vre portrait 0 und\bt$ly ! same4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ee4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,h&s ,,( ,,erasmus ,draw+ 9 silv]-po9t & r$ & black *alk ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ef4 ,illu/ration3 ,,erasmus #aebc ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,erasmus ,,9 ,,! ,,l\vre ,?is portrait1 l ! "o 9 ,long=d ,ca/le1 is pa9t$ ) ! utmo/ p]fection1 9 d>k b w>m tones2 x almo/ surpasses ! o!r bo? 9 col\r+ & 9 its ma/]y ( expression4 ,! features are firmly set1 ! sitt]'s ?\ghts entirely conc5trat$ on 8 "w1 s t he is oblivi\s to all else b ! matt] 9 h&4 ,! draw+ ( ! h&s is ma/]ly4 ,! complexion is w>m & heal?y1 & ! eyebr[s1 unlike ! hair1 locks ( :i* /raggle bel[ ! cap1 h n yet turn$ grey4 ,?is picture 0 once 9 ! possession ( ! ,newton family4 ,on ! back ( ! p9e panel on :i* x is pa9t$ is pa/$ a pap] memor&um1 n[ p>tly de/roy$1 :i* runs3 8,( ,holbe91 ?is 444 ( ,erasmus ,rott]damus 0 giv5 to 444 ,pr9ce by ,jos4 ,adam ,newton40 ,9 addition !re is a r$ seal ) ! ,newton arms & _! motto1 8,vivit po/ fun]a virtus10 z well z ! br& ( ,*>les ,i 7,c4 ,r4 surm\nt$ by a cr[n71 & ( ! ,fr5* royal collection 7,m4 ,r4--i4e4 ,muse ,royal--also bel[ a cr[n74 ,k+ ,*>les aft]w>ds ex*ang$ ?is picture & a 8,holy ,family0 by ,titian ) ,l\is ,,xiii = ,leon>do's 8,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/10 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,fr5* ,ambassador1 ! ,duc de ,lianc\rt4 ,aft] ,*>les's execution ! ,leon>do return$ to ! ,fr5* royal collections1 be+ pur*as$ at ! sale by ! ,fr5* bank] ,jaba* = #adj1 & pres5t$ by him to ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,9 ! catalogue ( ! ,l\vre by ,,mm4 ,laf5e/re & ,ri*t5b]g] x is /at$ t ! 8,erasmus0 0 8pa9t$ = ,sir ,?omas ,m10 b ?is is m]e conjecture1 & probably n correct4 ,x 0 engrav$ by ,franois ,dequevauvill]s = ! 8,gal]ie du ,muse ,napolon10 & et*$ by ,flix ,bracquemond ab\t #ahfj4 ,a facsimile ( ! fir/ /ate ( ?is f9e plate 0 reproduc$ 9 ! ,gazette des ,beaux-,arts#cid %ortly aft] ! et*]'s dea?4 ,! orig9al /udy = ! ,l\vre portrait1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cai71cie is pa9t$ 9 oil on pap]1 aft]w>ds fa/5$ d[n on panel4 ,) ! exception ( a pla9 backgr\nd1 & "s slight diff]5ces 9 ! co/ume1 x agrees 9 all po9ts ) ! m elaborately f9i%$ picture4 ,erasmus is us+ a book b\nd 9 r$ z a writ+-desk1 :i* re/s ^u a second volume4 ,! tableclo? is gre54 ,8 upp] lip %[s sev]al days' gr[? ( iron-grey hair4 ,al?\gh n s f9e 9 execution1 x is nev]!less a rem>kable & lifelike /udy4 ,! pres5t pla9 gre5 backgr\nd1 h[ev]1 is n orig9al4 ,x _h at "o "t a patt]n$ tape/ry hang+ beh9d ! figure1 z c be se5 9 ! woodcut tak5 f x by ,rudolf ,manuel 9 ! ,lat9 edition ( ,seba/ian ,mn/]'s ,cosmography1 publi%$ 9 #aeej1 :i* has an inscription b5ea? x ref]r+ to ! portrait 9 t]ms ( high praise1 & /at+ t ,holbe9 pa9t$ x f life4#cif ,x is describ$ 9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory z 8,e9 ,erasmus mit olfrb vf papir 9 eim ghs ,h4 ,holbe9s arbeit10 & x appe>s to h belong$ to ,bonifacius almo/ f ! day x 0 pa9t$4 ,all evid5ce po9ts to ?is oil-/udy be+ ! ?ird portrait m5tion$ by ,erasmus 9 8 lett] to ,pirkheim] ( ! #crd ,june1 #aebd1 :i* 0 tak5 by ! pa9t] into ,france4 ,bonifacius ,am]ba* 0 abs5t 9 t c\ntry1 /udy+ law at ,avignon "u ,alciat1 & aft]w>ds at ! ,univ]sity ( ,montpelli]1 = two ye>s1 f ,may #aebb to ,may #aebd4cig ,9 8 abs5ce ,erasmus s5t him 8 own portrait z a pres5t1 & by ! h&s ( ! arti/ :o pa9t$ x4 ,if ! date ( ! lett] to ,pirkheim] is correct1 ,holbe9 mu/ h paid 8 visit to ! ,s\? ( ,france 9 ! e>ly spr+ ( #aebd4 ,! lett] to ,pirkheim]1 writt5 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,june1 /ates t ! pictures _h be5 s5t to ,engl& & ,france 8rec5tly10 b1 accord+ to ,woltmann1 ,am]ba* 0 back aga9 9 ,basel 9 ,may1 be=e ! date ( ! lett]1 s t ! sequ5ce ( ev5ts becomes a little confus$4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 possible t ,am]ba* receiv$ ! portrait on ! eve ( 8 dep>ture f ,montpelli]1 & t he may ev5 h made ! j\rney home 9 ,holbe9's company2 :ile ,erasmus may n h tr\bl$ himself to in=m 8 correspond5t t ! portrait s5t into ,france 0 already back aga9 9 ,basel4 ,sid5ote3 ,,visit ,,to ,,! ,,s\? ,,( ,,france ,no?+ is kn[n ( ?is j\rney und]tak5 by ,holbe91 b x is n at all likely t he set out solely z ! mess5g] ( ,erasmus1 = ! set purpose ( deliv]+ ! portrait to ,am]ba*4 ,x is mu* m probable t ! desire = travel 0 /ill /rong 9 him1 & t ! _s ( adv5ture1 comb9$ ) ! wi% to discov] fre% fields = ! practice ( 8 art1 may h s5t him =? z a w&]] aga94 ,9 ?is connection1 ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out ! some:at /range co9cid5ce t at ?is v "t1 ! #ai? ,april #aebd1 8 patron1 ,jakob ,mey]1 set out f ,basel = ,lyon1 ) a b& ( two hundr$ m51 9 ord] to jo9 ! ,fr5* exp$ition ab\t to proce$ aga9/ ,milan4#cih ,holbe9 may h seiz$ ! opportunity ( travell+ ) him1 n necess>ily z a fight+ man1 b = ! sake ( company on 8 j\rney4 ,! r\te foll[$ 0 probably ?r\gh ,besanon1 ,dijon1 ,beaune1 ,macon1 ,lyon1 & d[n ! ,rhne to ,avignon1 ,nimes1 & ,montpelli]4 ,9 ^! cities he w\ld see _m f9e examples ( ,fr5* ,r5aissance ar*itecture1 ! influ5ce ( :i*1 z already po9t$ out1 c be detect$ 9 c]ta9 ( 8 designs = glass-pa9t+2 & x is highly probable1 also1 t he mu/ h _h opportunities ( /udy+ to "s ext5t ! "w ( ! ,cl\ets & _! s*ool1 ) ^: art1 bo? 9 po9t ( view & te*nique1 8 own _h c]ta9 features 9 common1 & t _! portraits1 ) _! enamel-l surfaces1 & m p>ticul>ly _! lifelike & elegant portrait-/udies 9 col\r$ *alks1 mu/ h made a consid]able impression ^u him4#cii ,beyond su* influ5ces z ^!1 to be se5 9 8 lat] "w1 !re is no?+ to indicate su* a j\rney1 nor1 if x 7 actually tak51 = h[ long he 0 abs5t f ,basel4#djj ,! sc>city ( dat$ works betwe5 #aebc & #aebf may sugge/ a l5g?y abs5ce abroad1 b ?is is m ?an c\nt]balanc$ by ! fact t1 ) ! exception ( a c\ple ( draw+s1 !re is no?+ f 8 h&1 ei!r portrait1 or *ur* picture1 or wall decoration1 s f> discov]$1 :i* c be %[n to h be5 c>ri$ out 9 ,france4 ,x is possible1 ?\gh n probable1 t ! great] numb] ( ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 woodcuts1 :i* 7 fir/ publi%$ 9 #aech at ,lyon1 7 f9i%$ by #aebc1 & t ,holbe91 dur+ 8 /ay 9 t city1 may h made arrangem5ts ) ! ,tre*sels = _! publication2 b !re is no?+ to %[ t ?is 0 ! objective ( 8 j\rney4 ,moreov]1 ev]y?+ seems to indicate t ,holbe9 m]ely suppli$ ! designs = ^! woodcuts to ! engrav] ,ltzelburg]1 & _h no fur!r monet>y int]e/ 9 !m or _! publication 9 :i* case 8 visit to ,lyon ne$ n necess>ily h _h any?+ to d ) !m4#dja ,! two draw+s to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made are 9 ! ,basel ,collection1 & are /udies ( two life-size sepul*ral effigies ( ! e>ly fifte5? c5tury1 9 ! ca!dral ( ,b\rges1 repres5t+ ! ,duke ,jehan de ,b]ry1 :o di$ 9 #adaf1 & 8 wife1 kneel+ ) h&s clasp$ 9 pray]4 ,9 ,holbe9's day ! monum5t 0 /ill 9 its orig9al position 9 ! private *apel ( ! ,dukes ( ,b]ry1 aft]w>ds pull$ d[n1 :5 ! figures 7 remov$ to ! ambulatory ( ! *oir4 ,o!r p>ts ( ! monum5t are n[ 9 ! local museum4 ,holbe9's ma/]ly t\* has vivifi$ ! some:at /iff & =mal attitudes ( ^! kneel+ figures1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 c be se5 ! beg9n+s ( t realism & individuality :i* =m$ s m>k$ a *>act]i/ic ( ! "w ( a lat] p]iod ( sculpture4 ,^! two f9e draw+s1#djb ( :i* t ( ! ,du*ess 7,pl4 #eg7djc is ! m beautiful1 h almo/ ! appe>ance ( be+ /udies f life in/ead ( m]e transcripts f ! /one1 & ?is effect is height5$ by ! skilful use ! arti/ has made ( t\*es ( r$ & yell[ crayons to 8 black *alk draw+s4 ,! %>p features ( ! ,du*ess1 ) high =ehead & po9t$ nose1 se5 9 pr(ile1 are full ( expression4 ,%e we>s ! co/ume ( ! e>ly fifte5? c5tury1 ) a high ruff & heavy gold necklace1 h] gold5 hair enclos$ 9 a f9e net1 & surm\nt$ by a diadem set ) squ>e /ones & jewels4 ,x is n[ only possible to comp>e ,holbe9's tru? ( lik5ess to ! orig9al 9 ! case ( ! /atue ( ! ,duke1 = 9 t ( ! ,du*ess ! head 0 brok5 (f dur+ ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 & 0 replac$ by ano!r "s =ty ye>s lat]1 lack+ all expression1 & ) a royal cr[n in/ead ( ! ducal diadem4 ,^! two /udies1 h[ev]1 _c h be5 made dur+ ,holbe9's visit to ,s\!rn ,france 9 #aebd2 ! draughtsman%ip ( !m po9ts to a lat] p]iod1 :5 8 art _h rea*$ its greate/ pit* ( p]fection4 ,! position ( ,b\rges1 too1 9 ! v c5tre ( ,france1 0 f> di/ant f ! r\te he w\ld take to rea* ,montpelli]4 ,nor c !y be connect$ ) 8 fir/ j\rney to ,engl& 9 #aebf1 = on t occasion he pass$ ?r\gh ,antw]p1 8 direct r\te be+ d[n ! ,rh9e2 & he made use1 no d\bt1 ( ! same wat]way on 8 return to ,basel 9 #aebh4 ,9 all probability ! visit to ,b\rges took place 9 #aech4 ,9 ! late summ] ( t ye> ,holbe9 w5t ) ,philip ,hoby to ,jo9ville & ,nancy on ,h5ry ,,viii's bus9ess1#djd & took ! opportunity ( pay+ a visit ( a few weeks' duration to 8 family & old fri5ds 9 ,basel4 ,on 8 return to ,engl& he is suppos$ to h tak5 8 elde/ son ) him z f> z ,p>is1 :]e he appr5tic$ him to ! goldsmi? ,jakob ,david1 & f ,switz]l& ,b\rges w\ld be on ! r\te to ! capital ( ,france4#dje ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #eg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,du*ess ,,( ,,b]ry ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,basel ,,gall]y ,aft] ,holbe9's return to ,switz]l& f ,engl& 9 #aebh he pa9t$ ,erasmus aga94 ,a numb] ( v]sions ( ?is ?ird type exi/1 ( :i* ! f9e/ are ! small ,grey/oke portrait1 :i* 9 #aiji pass$ into ! collection ( ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan1 & ! small r\ndel 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,"o ( ! v]sions1 9 ! ,p>ma ,gall]y1 be>s ! date #aecj4 ,erasmus _h retir$ to ,freiburg ) ,am]ba* 9 #aebh 9 ord] to avoid ! iconocla/ic di/urbances 9 ,basel1 & he mu/ h giv5 ,holbe9 a sitt+1 mo/ probably 9 t t[n1 betwe5 #aebh & #aecj4 ,^! lat] portraits closely foll[ ! ,long=d ,ca/le type z reg>ds ! pose & ! position ( ! head1 ?ree-qu>t]s face to ! spectator's left1 & ! details ( ! dress2 b ! sitt] appe>s consid]ably old]1 & 9 e in/ance ! backgr\nd is a pla9 "o4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,grey/oke ,,portrait ,,( ,,erasmus ,! ,grey/oke picture#djf has e appe>ance ( be+ a "w f ,holbe9's own bru%4 ,! ma/]ly modell+1 ! f9e & subtle draughtsman%ip1 ! wond]ful expression ( ! m\? & ! /ill ke5 & brilliant eyes1 are too good & too true to life to be ! "w ( a m]e copyi/4 ,! *eeks are m sunk5 & ! face m heavily l9$ ?an 9 ! portraits ( #aebc4 ,! eyebr[s are /ill d>k1 b ! hair :i* /raggles f bel[ ! black cap is :ite1 & is drawn ) all ! m9ute c>e & delicacy ) :i* ,holbe9 always portray$ x 9 8 portraits1 & ! /ubble ( a be>d ( a few days' gr[? is also indicat$ ) ! t\* ( a ma/]4 ,! h&s1 re/+ on a n>r[ l$ge 9 front ( him1 & half conceal$ by ! deep fur cuffs ( 8 g[n1 are n s good1 & are mu* less expressive ?an 0 usual ) ,holbe94 ,! picture is 9 a f9e /ate ( pres]vation1 & ! col\r s*eme is ri* & h>moni\s1 ?\gh ! pla9 blue backgr\nd has turn$ to a gre5i% hue 9 ! c\rse ( "t4 ,^u x1 to ! left ( ! head1 is a small :ite label1 ) ! inscription1 8,erasmus ,rot]odamus10 :i* appe>s to be fa/5$ to ! wall ) r$ waf]s & a p91 l ! label 9 ! portrait ( ! ,du*ess ( ,milan4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,sidney ,colv91#djg bo? labels 7 probably ! "w ( ! same h&1 & are ( lat] date ?an ! pa9t+s4 ,he sugge/s t ! inscription on ! 8,erasmus0 portrait 0 add$ to x :5 x 0 9 ! ,arundel ,collection4 ,on ! back ( ! panel is an int]e/+ inscription1 writt51 accord+ to ! same au?ority1 9 a h& ( n lat] date ?an #aecj-ej4 ,x runs z foll[s3-- 8,haunce ,holbe9 me fecit ,johannes ,noryce me d$it ,edw>dus ,bany/] me possidit40 ,john ,norris1 or ,noryce--! "n 0 spelt 9 v>i\s o!r ways--0 "o ( ! m9or (ficials ( ,h5ry ,,viii's c\rt1 fill+ ! "p ( g5tleman u%]1 :i* he aft]w>ds held "u ,edw>d ,,vi & ,que5 ,m>y1 dy+ 9 #aefd z *ief u%] ( ! ,privy ,*amb] to ! latt] que54 ,among o!r (fices :i* he obta9$ 0 t ( ,controll] ( ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,he 0 son & heir ( ,sir ,edw>d ,norris ( ,bray & ,yatt5don 9 ,b]k%ire1 & eld] bro!r ( t ill-fat$ ,h5ry ,norris1 "o ( ,h5ry's close companions1 :o 0 involv$ 9 ! tragic fate ( ,anne ,boleyn4 ,! inscription %[s t at "s "t1 probably dur+ ,holbe9's life1 ,john ,norris own$ ?is portrait ( ,erasmus1 & t he pres5t$ x to a fri5d nam$ ,edw>d ,bani/]4 ,accord+ to ,sir ,sidney ,colv9's rese>*es1 ?is ,bani/] 0 also employ$ ab\t ! ,c\rt4 ,9 #aebf he appe>s z a g5tleman u%] out ( wages = ! c\nty ( ,hants1 & 9 #aeci he 0 "o ( ! repres5tatives ( ! same c\nty appo9t$ to receive ,anne ( ,cleves at ,calais & escort h] to ,engl&4 ,! inscription on ! picture 0 probably writt5 by ,bani/] himself4 ,?is portrait may h be5 ! "o 9 ! possession ( ,john1 ,"l ,lumley1 son-9-law ( ,h5ry ,fitzalan1 twelf? & la/ ,e>l ( ,arundel ( t creation4 ,9 ! ,lumley inv5tory ( #aeij x is describ$ z 8,( ,erasmus ( ,rot]dame1 drawne by ,haunce ,holbyn40 ,among 8 o!r portraits by ,holbe91 ,"l ,lumley also possess$ ! full-l5g? ( ! ,du*ess ( ,milan1 & x is mo/ probable t ! label ) ! inscription 0 add$ to bo? portraits :5 9 8 collection4 ,! 8,erasmus0 0 aft]w>ds 9 ! fam\s collection ( ,?omas ,h[>d1 ! great ,e>l ( ,arundel1 f :i* x pass$ by beque/ ( ,ala!a1 ,c\ntess ( ,arundel1 to h] gr&son1 ,*>les ,h[>d1 into t ( ! ,grey/oke bran* ( ! ,h[>d family1 :]e x rema9$1 at _! seat 9 ,cumb]l&1 until its rec5t pur*ase by ,mr4 ,morgan4 ,! ,e>l ( ,arundel possess$ two portraits ( ,erasmus by ,holbe91#djh ! second be+ ! ,long=d ,ca/le picture4 ,:ile 9 ?is collection ! ,grey/oke v]sion 0 engrav$ by ,lucas ,vor/]man1 a v excell5t pr9t1 undat$1 9 :i* ! figure is 9 rev]se ( ! picture4#dji ,x 0 engrav$ aga91 :5 9 ! same collection1 by ,&reas ,/ock1 ! plate be+ dat$ f ! ,hague1 #afbh4 ,9 ?is engrav+ ! position is ! same z 9 ! portrait1 :i* sugge/s t ,/ock m]ely copi$ f ,vor/]man1 & n f ! picture itself4 ,9 ! inscription at ! foot ( ,/ock's engrav+ x is /at$ t ! portrait f :i* x 0 tak5 0 ! "o :i* ,erasmus himself told ,sir ,?omas ,m he v greatly pref]r$ to ! "o ( him by ,albre*t ,dr]2 b ! /atem5t appe>s to h no real f\ndation 9 fact4 ,:e!r ! portrait 0 s5t to ,engl& by ,erasmus 9 *>ge ( ,holbe9 :5 he return$ to ,engl& 9 #aecb1 z a pres5t to "s fri5d or admir]1 or :e!r ! arti/ br\ght x ov] 9 ! ord9>y way ( 8 bus9ess1 x is n[ impossible to say4 ,x is n[ 9 ! ,metropolitan ,museum1 ,new ,york4 ,sid5ote3 ,,p>ma ,,portrait ,,( ,,erasmus ,! ,grey/oke portrait closely resembles ! ,p>ma picture1 :i* is reg>d$ by mo/ critics z an orig9al "w1 ?\gh to ! pres5t writ] x appe>s to be no m ?an a f9e contempor>y copy or adaptation ( ,mr4 ,morgan's picture or ! ,basel r\ndel4 ,! ,p>ma example1#daj 9 :i* ,erasmus is %[n ) 8 h&s hold+ op5 "o ( 8 own books1 has ! date #aecj on ! pla9 backgr\nd1 two figures on ei!r side ( ! head4#daa ,docum5t>y evid5ce#dab exi/s1 %[+ t ,holbe9 _h pa9t$ "o or m portraits ( ,erasmus at ?is p]iod4 ,"o ( !m 0 9 ! possession ( ,goel5ius1 pr(essor at ,l\va91 & 9 #aeca ,johannes ,dantiscus1 ,bi%op ( ,kulm1 & aft]w>ds ( ,ermel&1 0 anxi\s to obta9 a copy ( x1 & wrote ask+ to h ?is done = him by a pa9t] ( ,mal9es4 ,goel5ius1 9 reply1 s5t to 8 fri5d ! orig9al portrait z a gift4 ,! ,bi%op1 h[ev]1 n to be outdone 9 g5]osity1 return$ ! pres5t1 at ! same "t say+ t ! portrait 0 an e>li] "o ?an he _h suppos$1 & t he want$ "o ( a m rec5t date4 ,9 answ] to ?is ,goel5ius wrote t =tunately he 0 on t]ms ( su* close fri5d%ip ) ,holbe9 t he c\ld get him to d any?+ he wi%$1 & w\ld procure f him a portrait ( ,erasmus :i* he _h q rec5tly pa9t$4 ,"s portrait1 :e!r an orig9al or only a copy1 0 ev5tually s5t1 & x has be5 sugge/$ t x 0 ! portrait n[ 9 ! ,p>ma ,gall]y4 ,:5 ,dantiscus became ,bi%op ( ,ermel&1 he w\ld1 9 all probability1 take ! portrait ) him2 & ?is di/rict 0 aft]w>ds deva/at$ by ! ,sw$es dur+ ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w>1 & _m ( ! art treasures ( ! prov9ce c>ri$ to ,sw$54 ,"s ( ^! spoils ( w> became ! prop]ty ( ,que5 ,*ri/9a1 :o took !m ) h] to ,italy1 :]e %e liv$ 9 lat] life1 & among ! works s tak51 x is conjectur$1 may well h be5 ! ,erasmus portrait n[ at ,p>ma4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #eh4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,erasmus ,r\ndel ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,philip ,,melan*?on ,r\ndel ,,prov9zial ,,museum1 ,,hanov] ,! little r\ndel 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cbd7 7,pl4 #eh 7#a771dac :i* is ab\t f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 =ms "p ( ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 &1 no d\bt1 came into ! possession ( ,bonifacius on ! dea? ( ,erasmus4 ,x agrees 9 all respects ) ! ,grey/oke portrait1 ?\gh only ! head & %\ld]s are %[n1 & x is n q s ma/]ly 9 its execution4 ,x is v possibly ! orig9al /udy made by ,holbe9 9 ,freiburg1 ^u :i* ! ,grey/oke & o!r portraits 7 bas$4 ,x has a pla9 blue-gre5 backgr\nd1 & is p]haps n q 9 its orig9al /ate4 ,!re is a ?ird 8,erasmus0 at ,basel1 ! small panel 9 ! ,faes* ,collection 7,no4 #cef71dad a good old copy ( ! r\ndel 9 ! ,am]ba* ,collection4 ,all ?ree are m5tion$ by ,pat94 ,x w\ld s]ve no useful purpose to enum]ate & describe ! _m o!r v]sions ( ! r\ndel1 ! ,grey/oke1 & ! ,long=d portraits1 :i* exi/ 9 v>i\s ,european collections at ,/4 ,pet]sburg1#dae ,cassel1 ,k>lsruhe1 ,vi5na1 ,tur91#daf ,rott]dam1 ,lausanne1#dag & else:]e4 ,z already /at$1 !y 7 9 great dem& among ! admir]s ( ,erasmus1 s t num]\s copies mu/ h be5 made4 ,9 ! lifetime ( ,am]ba*'s son ,basilius !re 7 no less ?an five 9 ,basel1 & :5 ,ri*>d ,/re9 ( ,vi5na wrote to him ask+ him to procure him a portrait ( ! great humani/1 ,am]ba*1 9 reply1 want$ to "k :i* ( ! five he w\ld l copi$4 ,! copy by ,p5cz1 already describ$1 may h be5 tak5 f "o ( ^! lat] portraits r ?an f ! ,long=d portrait ( #aebc4 ,! copy at ,rott]dam is said to h be5 pres5t$ by ! ,basel ,c\ncil to ! ,rott]dam ,c\ncil 9 #aecb4 ,sid5ote3 ,,woodcuts ,,portrait ,,( ,,erasmus ,two o!r portraits ( ,erasmus by ,holbe9 _c be ov]look$4 ,^! are ! two beautiful woodcuts f 8 designs1 :i*1 f ! f95ess & accuracy ( _! execution1 mu/ h be5 cut by ,hans ,ltzelburg]4 ,! fir/ is a small r\nd portrait1#dah %[+ ! head & %\ld]s only1 9 pr(ile1 turn$ to ! spectator's "r1 se5 aga9/ a pla9 backgr\nd1 & inscrib$ r\nd ! pla9 circul> framework 8,erasmus ,rot]odam40 ,x is evid5tly ( ab\t ! same date z ! ,l\vre portrait1 & may h be5 "o ( ! fir/ ( ,holbe9's designs engrav$ by ,ltzelburg]1 :o settl$ 9 ,basel ab\t #aebc4 ,! delicate & r emaciat$ features ( ! s*ol> h be5 reproduc$ ) wond]ful skill4 ,x 0 fir/ us$ on ! back ( ! title-page ( ! ,adagiorum opus ,des4 ,erasmi ,rot]odami1 publi%$ by ,frob5 9 #aecc1 & aga9 9 ,des4 ,erasmi ,rot4 ,ecclesia/ sive de ratione concion&i libri quatuor 7#aece74 ,! second1#dai & /ill m beautiful1 woodcut is consid]ably l>g]1 be+ #aa in*es high by #i in*es wide 7,pl4 #ei74 ,9 8 catalogue ,am]ba* calls x 8,erasmus ,rott]damus 9 eim ,ghs40 ,erasmus is repres5t$ at full l5g?1 /&+1 turn$ ?ree-qu>t]s to ! "r1 9 8 doctor's cap & furr$ g[n1 8 "r h& re/+ on ! head ( a truncat$ figure ( ,t]m9us1 t[>ds :i* he po9ts ) 8 o!r h&4 ,! framework or 8ghs0 )9 :i* he is plac$ %[s to ! fulle/ advantage ,holbe9's complete ma/]y ( ,r5aissance design1 & is equal to ! f9e/ contempor>y ,italian "w ( ! k9d4 ,x is pur] 9 /yle1 & light] & m elegant 9 effect1 ?an ! great] numb] ( 8 e>li] designs = woodcuts4 ,two pill>s ) c>yatid figures1 ) long be>ds & fold$ arms1 & baskets ( fruit on _! heads1 support a r\nd ar* above :i* on ei!r side are nude figures ) cornucopi1 f :i* hang long wrea?s ( fruit & foliage4 ,! :ole is surm\nt$ by a w+$ *]ub above a lion's head1 f ! m\? ( :i* hangs a tablet inscrib$ 8,,er4 ,,rot40 ,at ! base a l>g] tablet is support$ by two fi%-tail$ female figures4 ,z a portrait ?is engrav+ is z f9e z ei!r ! ,long=d or ! ,l\vre pictures4 ,! small head is full ( =ce & "*2 & equally f9e is ! expression on ! smil+ face ( ! ,t]m9us1 :ile ! treatm5t ( ! drap]ies is j z admirable4 ,x is difficult to "k :i* to admire ! mo/1 ! beauty ( ! arti/'s design & draughtsman%ip1 or ! wond]ful fidelity ( ! engrav]1 :o 9 cutt+ x has lo/ little or no?+ ( ! delicacy ( ,holbe9's t\*1 = bo? are ma/]ly4 ,! orig9al pe>-wood block is 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,e>ly pro( impressions ( x are 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ! ,b]l9 & ,muni* ,pr9t ,rooms1 & else:]e4 ,^! h a two-l9$ ,lat9 inscription on ! tablet at ! base-- 8,corporis effigiem si quis non vidit ,erasmi1 ,hanc scite ad vivum picta tabella dabit40 7,if anyone has n se5 ,erasmus 9 8 bodily %ape1 ?is cut1 drawn f life1 w give 8 c\nt]feit47 ,! design 0 evid5tly made = a complete edition ( ! works ( ,erasmus1 b no su* publication has be5 met ) 9 :i* ?is impression ) ! s+le di/i* appe>s4 ,! woodcut is fir/ enc\nt]$ 9 ! complete edition ( 8 writ+s publi%$ by ,frob5's son1 ,hi]onymus1 & ,nic4 ,episcopius 9 #aedj1 ) a f\r-l9$ inscription1 9 :i* ,holbe9's "n is c\pl$ ) t ( ,erasmus 9 t]ms ( high praise-- 8,pallas ,apellam nup] mirata tabellam1 ,hanc ait1 t]num ,biblio!ca colat4 ,ddaleam mon/rat ,musis ,holbe9nius artem1 ,et summi ,+5ii ,magnus ,erasmus opes40 ,no "o b ,ltzelburg] c h cut x1 s t ! design mu/ h be5 made be=e ,holbe9's fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,:y ,frob5 made no e>li] use ( x1 x is impossible to say4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ei4 ,illu/ration3 ,,erasmus ,f a woodcut 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,frob5 ,! hi/ory ( ! d\ble portrait ( ,erasmus & ,frob51 z f> z x is kn[n1 has be5 already giv54 ,! v]sion ( ,frob51 at ,hampton ,c\rt#dbj--,no4 #fjc 7#cbc7--;is a draw+ on p>*m5t1 aft]w>ds fa/5$ d[n on a panel1 & r\ghly f9i%$ z a picture1 & has little ( ! c>eful elaboration ( ,holbe9's pa9t$ portraits4 ,x is a half-l5g? figure1 less ?an life-size1 turn$ to ! "r1 ! face se5 almo/ 9 pr(ile4 ,! arms are fold$1 & ! h&s1 ?ru/ )9 ! sleeves ( 8 br[n cloak1 :i* is l9$ ) fur at ! neck1 are n se54 ,he we>s no cap1 & 8 /raight hair is gr[+ ?94 ,! head is se5 aga9/ :at n[ appe>s to be a w9d[ or op5+1 sea-gre5 9 col\r1 :i* is "p ( ! orig9al pla9 backgr\nd1 aft]w>ds repa9t$ by ,von ,/e5wyck ) v>i\s pill>s & m\ld+s4 ,9 front is a n>r[ /one l$ge1 ov] ! great] "p ( :i* hangs :at appe>s to be a :ite clo?1 on :i* is inscrib$1 8,,ioannes ,,frob5ius ,,typ4 ,,hholbe9 ,p40 :i* is n ! orig9al h&iwork ( ! pa9t]4 ,! face is a k9dly b ugly "o1 & be>s out ! "* giv5 to him by ,erasmus1 :o 0 ov]come ) grief at 8 sudd5 dea?4 8,all ! fri5ds ( ! belles lettres10 he wrote to a fri5d1 8%\ld put on m\rn+ attire & %$ te>s at ! dea? ( ?is man1 & %\ld wrea? 8 grave ) ivy & fl[]s4 ,nev] be=e h ,i felt h[ great is ! p[] ( s9c]e fri5d%ip4 ,i bore ) mod]ation ! dea? ( my own bro!r2 b :at ,i _c endure is ! long+ = ,frob54 ,s simple & s9c]e 0 8 nature t he c\ld n h dissembl$ _h he wi%$4 ,to %[ k9dness to ev]yone 0 8 greate/ delight1 & ev5 if ! unwor?y receiv$ 8 b5efits1 he 0 glad4 ,8 fidelity 0 immovable1 & z he himself nev] _h evil 9 8 m9d1 he 0 nev] able to *]i% suspicion ( o!rs40 ,!re is a simil> portrait ( ,frob5 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #ceg71dba an old copy1 :i* 0 pres5t$ to ! ,basel ,univ]sity by ,*ri/ian von ,me*el1 :o acquir$ x z an orig9al "w by ,holbe9 f ! publi%] ,ens*$e at ,ha>lem 9 #agib1 & 0 transf]r$ to ! ,gall]y 9 #ahaa4 ,9 ! lett] mak+ ! gift he speaks ( x z s(t]1 ri*]1 & m p[]ful ?an ! usual ,holbe9 /yle4 ,a ?ird1 & inf]ior1 example 0 l5t to ! ,tudor ,exhibition 9 #ahij by ,sir ,h5ry ,b4 ,/4 ,john ,mildmay1 ,bt4 7,no4 #acd71 :i* is p]haps id5tical ) ! small portrait 9 oil :i* belong$ to ,walpole & 0 sold 9 #ahdb at ! ,/rawb]ry ,hill sale = #ai gu9eas4 ,! g5u95ess ( ! ,hampton ,c\rt portrait ( ,frob5 has be5 (t5 disput$1 & to-day ! cons5sus ( op9ion is n 9 its fav\r4 ,bo? ,waag5 & ,woltmann reg>d$ x z a copy1 & m rec5t writ]s1 among !m ,dr4 ,ganz1 hold ! same view4 ,ev5 ^? :o consid] x to be a g5u9e "w by ,holbe9 are =c$ to own t x is by no means a f9e example ( 8 portraiture4 ,! head1 h[ev]1 has m "* ?an is usually f\nd 9 a copy1 &1 no d\bt1 its pres5t condition is due to "s ext5t to ! mi%&l+ x receiv$ f ,von ,/e5wyck1 :o probably did n conf9e 8 att5tions solely to ! backgr\nd4 ,x is possible1 !re=e1 to reg>d x z an orig9al /udy by ,holbe91 :i* has suff]$ some:at sev]ely 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s4 ,mr4 ,erne/ ,law speaks ( x z a g5u9e ?\gh n fir/-class example1 & ref]s to ! v]sion at ,basel z 8little m ?an a clumsy imitation0 ( x4#dbb ,! ,basel ,catalogue1 on ! o!r h&1 says t ! latt] portrait1 :i* is an old copy or else an orig9al :i* has suff]$ sev]ely f repa9t+1 is 8incomp>ably bett] ?an ! sev5te5?-c5tury replica at ,hampton ,c\rt40 ,woltmann consid]$ ! ,basel v]sion to be m]ely a late ,ne!rl&i% copy1#dbc :ile ,knackfuss says t x is 8v bad z reg>ds col\r+40#dbd ,sid5ote3 ,,r\ndel ,,( ,,melan*?on ,ano!r fri5d & correspond5t ( ,erasmus1 ,philip ,melan*?on1 0 pa9t$ by ,holbe91 ?\gh !re is no evid5ce to %[ :5 or h[ !y met4 ,! small r\ndel 9 oils ( ! "y ,g]man s*ol> 9 ! ,prov9zial ,museum at ,hanov] 7,pl4 #eh 7#b77dbe may p]haps h be5 done z a p5dant to ! circul> 8,erasmus0 at ,basel4 ,x is almo/ exactly ! same size1 ab\t f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 & is c>ri$ out ) an almo/ equal delicacy & fre$om ( t\*1 z ?\gh x 7 a /udy direct f nature4 ,melan*?on is %[n ne>ly 9 full pr(ile to ! "r1 ) d>k smoo? hair fall+ on 8 e>s1 & a scanty be>d & m\/a*e4 ,8 coat & pla9 :ite %irt are op5 9 front1 %[+ ! b>e *e/4 ,! backgr\nd is grey1 b may possibly h be5 at "o "t blue4 ,! head itself is n free f ret\*+4 ,x is pres]v$ 9 its orig9al circul> box1 ! inn] side ( ! cov] be+ decorat$ 9 grey mono*rome ) a v beautiful design ( foliage & fruit int]m+l$ ) ! heads & figures ( satyrs 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle f ,holbe9's own h&1 & across ! c5tre a c>t\*e ) ! foll[+ inscription 9 gold3 8,qui c]nis tantum non1 viva ,melan?onis ora1 ,holb9us r>a dext]itate d$it10#dbf :i* is p]haps ! sitt]'s own p]sonal tribute to ! skill ( ! pa9t]4 ,! /yle ( ! ,r5aissance decoration indicates t 9 all probability ! portrait 0 pa9t$ dur+ ,holbe9's ?ird /ay 9 ,basel 7#aebh-cb74dbg ,melan*?on att5d$ ! ,imp]ial ,diet at ,spei] 9 #aebi1dbh & a little lat] visit$ 8 "m 9 ,brett51 & x is by no means impossible t he also w5t to ,freiburg to see ,erasmus1 & t :ile !re1 "s "t dur+ #aecj1 ,holbe9 pa9t$ ! r\ndels ( bo? fri5ds4 ,a second v]sion ( ?is portrait 0 9 ! possession ( ,horace ,walpole1 9 :i* ! inscription runs r\nd ! out] edge4 ,x fet*$ fifte5 gu9eas at ! ,/rawb]ry ,hill sale 9 #ahdb1 & is n[ 9 ! collection ( ,sir ,william van ,horne 9 ,montreal4 ,) ^! portraits ( ,erasmus & "s ( 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds may be plac$ ,holbe9's own portrait ( himself 7,frontispiece71 ! v exquisite draw+ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cbj71dbi 9 :i* he is repres5t$ almo/ full face1 we>+ a l>ge r$ hat1 a br[n-grey cloak or ov]coat ) b&s ( black velvet1 & a :ite %irt ti$ ) /r+s at ! neck4 ,he is be>dless1 ) %ort d>k-br[n hair1 & br[n eyes4 ,! /udy is on pap]1 & is drawn 9 ,indian ink & col\r$ *alks1 & wa%$ ) wat]-col\r :i* has fad$ 9 p>ts4 ,?is draw+1 l ! portrait ( ,holbe9's wife & *ildr51 & ! "o ( ,von ,rdiswil] ( ,luc]ne by ,ambrosius ,holbe91 has be5 at "s "t cut out r\nd ! outl9es1 & aft]w>ds m\nt$ on a greyi% pap]1 :i* produces ! slight effect ( h>dness :i* mu/ c]ta9ly h be5 miss+ 9 its unt\*$ /ate4#dcj ,9 #aijg ! pla9 blue backgr\nd 0 c>efully r5ew$ f an old example4 ,"s writ]s h held t x is n absolutely c]ta9 t ?is draw+ really repres5ts ! pa9t]4 ,9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory ( #aehf x is describ$ z1 8,item e9 tafel5 gehort d>9 e9 cont]fehung ,holbe9s mit trock5 f>b5 7a c\nt]feit ( ,holbe9 9 dry col\rs1 i4e4 crayons71 s im gross5 ka/5 vnd] ,holbe9s kun/ ligt02 & 9 ! lat] inv5tories x is describ$ 9 mu* ! same way4 ,knackfuss1 among o!rs1 says t f ^! words x is n positively to be conclud$ t ! 8c\nt]feit0 0 ( ,holbe9 himself4 ,!re c be little d\bt1 h[ev]1 t ,am]ba* int5d$ to describe x z a portrait ( ,holbe9 by himself2 if x _h be5 a draw+ ( "s unkn[n sitt] he w\ld h s describ$ x4 ,z f> back z #afgf x 0 publi%$ by ,pat9 9 8 edition ( ! ,praise ( ,folly z ,holbe9's portrait f 8 own h&4 ,x be>s1 too1 a /rong lik5ess to ! portraits ( ,holbe9 z a boy by ! eld] ,hans1 bo? 9 ! 8,/4 ,paul0 picture & 9 ! draw+ ( #aeaa ( ! two bro!rs at ,b]l94 ,!re is ! same massive head1 ) its f9e =ehead1 bread? ( *eek-bones1 /rong *91 & firm m\?4 ,x has great resemblance1 too1 :5 due all[ance has be5 made = ! pass+ ( tw5ty ye>s or s1 to ! m9iature portraits ( himself :i* he pa9t$ at ! end ( 8 life4 ,x may be accept$1 inde$1 )\t res]vation z a g5u9e portrait ( ,holbe91 ( ab\t ! date #aebc-e1 :5 he 0 "s tw5ty-six ye>s old4#dca ,z a portrait x is a magnific5t /udy4 ,! face is a /rong "o1 ( a some:at s]i\s ca/1 b ) a sugge/ion ( hum\r ab\t ! f9ely %ap$ mobile m\? & 9 ! cle> br[n eyes4 ,! broadly built head ) its high =ehead indicates /r5g? ( "* & intellectual capacity1 & !re is a quiet dignity & a s5se ( p[] 9 ! :ole c\nt5ance & 9 ! c>riage ( ! y\?ful figure1 :i* "o w\ld expect to f9d 9 ! lik5ess ( a pa9t] possess$1 z ,holbe9 01 ( su* brilliant te*nical abilities & s wond]ful a creative g5ius4#dcb ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,designs ,,= ,,book ,,illu/rations ,holbe9's "w = ! ,basel publi%]s--,imp]fection ( ! cutt+ ( 8 e>li] book illu/rations--,8 connection ) ,hans ,ltzelburg]--,8 fir/ title-page--,m's ,utopia--! ,table ( ,cebes--,lu!r's translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t--,title-page to ! qu>to edition--,"w = ,lu!r's translation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t--8,! ,sale ( ,indulg5ces0--8,*ri/ ! ,true ,light0--,woodcuts repres5t+ incid5ts ( common life1 danc+1 m]ry-mak+1 c4--,initial lett]s & alphabets--,trade-m>ks & devices = pr9t]s4 ,,?r\gh\t ! :ole p]iod ( 8 fir/ resid5ce 9 ,basel a consid]able "p ( ,holbe9's "t 0 occupi$ ) ! production ( designs = book illu/rations1 su* z title-pages1 head & tail-pieces1 ornam5tal bord]s1 initial lett]s1 & pr9t]s' m>ks4 ,includ+ ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 & ,old ,te/am5t illu/rations1 & ! v>i\s alphabets ( 8 design+1 ,woltmann enum]ates m ?an ?ree hundr$ woodcuts or metal engrav+s1 l>ge or small1 = :i* ,holbe9 made ! draw+s4 ,mu* ( 8 "w ( ?is k9d 0 done = ,frob51 b he 0 also frequ5tly employ$ by ,adam ,petri1 ,?omas ,wolff1 & o!r pr9t]s & publi%]s4 ,! old cont5tion t ,holbe9 himself cut ! blocks be>+ 8 own designs1 :i* at "o "t produc$ mu* acrimoni\s dispute & a volum9\s lit]ature1 has long s9ce be5 ab&on$1 & !re is absolutely no?+ to be said 9 its fav\r4 ,he mu/1 h[ev]1 h _h a ?or\gh work+ k ( ! te*nical side ( wood5grav+1 & ( ! limits )9 :i* x 0 necess>y to conf9e 8 art2 & )9 ^? limits he produc$ ! mo/ spl5did results4 ,a numb] ( 8 e>li] designs 7 n cut 9 wood1 b 9 metal4 ,! me?od 0 simil> to t ( wood-cutt+1 ! draw+ be+ left 9 relief1 z on ! wood block1 a process exactly opposite to copp]plate engrav+1 9 :i* ! l9es to be reproduc$ are incis$4 ,sev]al ( 8 title-pages & ornam5ts f metal blocks be> ! initials ,i4,f4 ^u !m1 & x 0 at "o "t consid]$ t !y 7 probably ! "w ( ,frob5 himself1#dcc :o is describ$ m ?an once z 8*alcograph]10 or a work] 9 metal4 ,! t]m1 h[ev]1 may mean only a design] & ca/] ( type1 :i* 0 a trade ,frob5 foll[$ side by side ) t ( a publi%]4 ,! ,i4,f4 ( ^! engrav+s 0 n ,frob51 b ,jakob ,fab]1 :o 0 ! be/ ( ! cutt]s 9 metal :o work$ aft] ,holbe94 ,frob51 no d\bt1 employ$ a p]man5t /aff ( engrav]s1 bo? = 8 own publications & also = ! sale ( blocks & plates to o!r publi%]s4 ,fab] 0 possibly "o ( ^? :o f\nd m or less regul> employm5t 9 8 s]vice1 & ano!r 0 ! engrav] ) ! signature 8,c4,v410 :o engrav$ ! eight metal cuts 9 illu/ration ( ! ,"l's ,pray]1 :i* appe>$ ab\t #aebc1 badly pr9t$1 9 two r>e editions ( ! ,precatio ,dom9ica ( ,erasmus1 copies ( :i* are includ$ 9 ! ,william ,mit*ell ,collection 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 ,! pro(s 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y h ,g]man text2 ! ,mit*ell set1 ) a clause ( ! ,pat]no/] 9 ,fr5* pr9t$ at ! top ( ea* cut1 is a unique /ate1 & ! impressions are v e>ly & %>p4 ,! same 8,c4,v40 engrav$ 9 metal ! ,evangeli/s 9 ! ,greek ,te/am5ts ( #aebd & #aedj4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ ( ,fab]'s metal-cuts is ! folio title-page issu$ by ,crat&] 9 #aebe1 repres5t+ ,*ri/ be=e ,god ! ,fa!r1 surr\nd$ by a great cr[d ( boy-angels1 9 ! lunette at ! top1 ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s 9 ni*es %[n 9 p]spective at ! sides1 & ! ,apo/les at ! foot4 ,?is title-page is made up ( f\r sep>ate plates1 ea* ( :i* be>s ! initials 8,i4,f40#dcd ,q rec5tly 7#aiac7 ! ,briti% ,museum has receiv$ f ! ,national ,art-,collections ,fund a r>e ,book ( ,h\rs1 pr9t$ at ,lyon 9 #aedh1 conta9+ f\rte5 metal-cuts by ,fab] aft] ,holbe9's designs4 ,sid5ote3 ,,hans ,l,,tzelburg] ,accord+ to ,woltmann1 _m copp] plates aft] ,holbe9's designs 7 /ill 9 exi/5ce 9 ,basel z late z #aheb1 9 ! possession ( ! family ( a publi%] nam$ ,haas1 b 7 subsequ5tly sold on a division ( ! prop]ty1 all fur!r traces ( !m be+ lo/4#dce ,^! metal engrav+s ( ,holbe9's book ornam5ts z a rule d b little ju/ice to ! orig9al designs1 & comp>e v unfav\rably ) ! lat] wood engrav+s cut by ,hans ,ltzelburg]4 ,!y miss mu* ( ! /r5g? & "* ( ,holbe9's l9e1 & are m>k$ by a h>dness ( effect :i* is by no means pleas+4 ,_m ( ! e>li] wood engrav+s1 too1 suff] 9 ! same way f ! imp]fection ( ! cutt+1 inf]ior workm5 hav+ be5 employ$ to reproduce !m1 j z 9 ! case ( ! book illu/rations ( ,ambrosius ,holbe91 :o 0 employ$ by ,frob5 q z (t5 z 8 bro!r ,hans1 & ^: "w also suff]$ f inadequate translation4 ,x ?us becomes difficult1 9 ! case ( sev]al unsign$ pr9ts1 to decide :i* ( ! two "y m5 0 ! design] ( !m4 ,9 ^! e>li] ef=ts1 too1 ,hans _h n rea*$ to t pit* ( excell5ce 9 adapt+ 8 design to ! requirem5ts ( ! wood-cutt]s to :i* he atta9$ "s ye>s lat]1 :5 he 0 work+ 9 conjunction ) ,ltzelburg]1 nor _h 8 p[]s ( draughtsman%ip & composition yet f\nd _! complete expression4 ,hav+ at l5g? met ) an engrav] :o c\ld d full ju/ice to 8 ideas1 & "o :o 0 z great a ma/] 9 "o bran* ( art z he himself 0 9 ano!r1 ,holbe9's g5ius = decorative design matur$ rapidly1 s t ! two m5 betwe5 !m produc$ works 9 ?is field :i* h nev] be5 surpass$4 ,!y work$ toge!r f ! autumn ( #aebb until ,ltzelburg]'s dea? & ,holbe9's dep>ture f ,basel 9 #aebf4 ,mod]n rese>*es h fail$ to glean mu* in=mation ab\t ! life & c>e] ( ,ltzelburg]4 ,on a tablet bel[ a wood engrav+ ( 8 cutt+ repres5t+ a battle betwe5 peasants & nak$ m5 9 a fir wood 9 ,utopia1 design$ by ! unkn[n ,augsburg ma/] ,n4,h41 he signs himself 8,,hanns4 ,,levczellbvrg]4 ,,fvrms*nid]4 #a4e4b4b40 ,at a lat] date1 on ! pro(s ( ,holbe9's 8,dance ( ,dea?0 alphabet1 he calls himself 8,hanns ,ltzelburg]1 furms*neid]1 g5ant ,franck10 t is1 8,hans ,ltzelburg]1 wood-engrav]1 call$ ,franck40 ,?is is pr9t$ 9 movable type1 ! fir/ ,h be+ an ornam5t$ ,roman capital1 :ile ! o!r lett]s ( ! "n are 9 ! ,g]man "*4 ,he 0 "o ( ! gr\p ( wood-engrav]s :o 7 work+ at ,augsburg ab\t #aeaf-ai1 "u ! direction ( ,jo/ de ,negk]1 on ! blocks = ! ,emp]or ,maximilian1 & 8 "n is writt5 or 8 monogram cut ^u ! back ( n9e ( ! 8,triumph0 blocks1 /ill pres]v$ at ,vi5na1 & he also cut n9e ( ! s]ies ( 8,sa9ts connect$ ) ! ,h\se ( ,habsburg0 9 #aeaf-ag4 ,all available evid5ce indicates t ! 8,battle ( ,nak$ ,m50 0 engrav$ 9 ,augsburg4 ,9 ! same ye>1 #aebb1 ,ltzelburg] cut an alphabet = ! pr9t] ,s*ff] at ,ma9tz1 ( :i* ! lett] ,l is sign$ 8,h4,l4,f410 & ! same date & initials occur on two specim5 ornam5tal alphabets evid5tly design$ by ! same unkn[n arti/4#dcf ,:e!r he 0 resid+ at ,ma9tz at ! "t is unc]ta91 b by ! autumn ( #aebb ,ltzelburg] _h mov$ to ,basel1 & 0 at "w on ,adam ,petri's folio ,new ,te/am5t4 ,!re he rema9$ until 8 dea? 9 ! summ] ( #aebf1 9 con/ant collaboration ) ,holbe91 engrav+1 among _m o!r designs1 ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 woodcuts & _m ( ! ,old ,te/am5t illu/rations4 ,:at little is kn[n ( him po9ts r to ,augsburg ?an to ,basel z 8 place ( bir?1 ?\gh1 accord+ to ,h]r ,8-,heusl]'s rese>*es1 a family ( t "n 0 !n liv+ 9 ,basel1 ! names ( bo? a ,mi*ael & a ,jakob ,ltzelburg] appe>+ 9 ! baptismal regi/] ( ,/4 ,leonh>d betwe5 #aebi & #aecc2 :ile ! same "n occurs frequ5tly 9 ! p>i% regi/] ( ! adjac5t t[n ( ,colm> dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,fur!r docum5ts discov]$ by ,8-,heusl] %[ t ,ltzelburg] di$ 9 ,basel be=e ! #bcrd ,june #aebf1 & t he 0 insolv5t at ! "t4 ,among 8 cr$itors 7 ! pr9t]1 ,mel*ior ,tre*sel1 ( ,lyon1 = an advance ( #bg flor9s #ae %ill+s1 & ,hans zum ,sessel 7,frob571 = #c flor9s #aj %ill+s4 ,tre*sel1 ! publi%] ( ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 & 8,old ,te/am5t0 woodcuts1 on he>+ ( ,ltzelburg]'s dea?1 also dem&$ c]ta9 wood blocks ord]$ by 8 firm1 = :i* ! money _h be5 advanc$1 ^u :i* ! deceas$ _h be5 at "w4 ,^! blocks 7 s5t to him on ! condition t he appo9t$ "s p]son ( sub/ance 9 ,basel z security1 9 case "s o!r cr$itor prov$ to h prior claims on ! e/ate2 & 9 accordance ) ?is arrangem5t he appo9t$ ,johan ,lukas ,isel9 z 8 surety4#dcg ,9 ! li/ ( ,ltzelburg]'s furniture & effects seiz$ by ! c\rt he is describ$ m]ely z 8,hans ,=ms*neid]10 b !re is no d\bt t ?is 8=m-cutt]0 0 ,ltzelburg]1 :o at ! "t ( 8 dea? 0 cutt+ ! block ( 8,! ,waggon]0 = ! 8,dance ( ,dea?10 :i* he left incomplete4 ,holbe9 drew all ^! designs directly on ! wood block4 ,!re is n a s+le sket* or /udy 9 exi/5ce = any "o ( ! v num]\s book illu/rations & decorations :i* he produc$4#dch ,8 title-pages consi/1 9 almo/ e case1 ( an ornam5tal framework ( ,r5aissance design ) small panels on ei!r side conta9+ figure subjects1 usually tak5 f classical hi/ory or my?ology1 & across ! bottom a l>g] panel 9 :i* ! *ief subject is depict$4 ,^! title-pages d n always consi/ ( a s+le block1 b ( f\r sep>ate bord]s or /rips1 n always us$ toge!r1 b comb9$ ) o!rs1 or us$ s+ly z *apt]-head+s or sidepieces4 ,^! title-pages1 design$ 9 ! fir/ place = "s p>ticul> book1 7 ?us aft]w>ds (t5 made to s]ve = ! ornam5tation ( o!r publications1 ) :i* at times _! subjects _h v little connection2 & !y 7 also copi$ by v>i\s publi%]s & pr9t]s 9 o!r cities ( ,switz]l& & 9 ,g]many & else:]e4 ,sid5ote3 8,,mucius ,,sc,,vola ,,& ,,l>s ,,pors5a0 ,holbe9's e>lie/ design = ?is purpose1 drawn 9 #aeae1 %ortly aft] 8 arrival 9 ,basel1 & sign$ ) ! abbreviat$ "n 8,hans ,holb410 has be5 already describ$4#dci ,?is title-page1 ) its n9e little cupids1 :i* has suff]$ f inf]ior cutt+1 b nev]!less has consid]able *>m1 0 fir/ us$ by ,frob5 9 ! w9t] ( #aeae1 & appe>$ 9 a numb] ( books issu$ dur+ ! next five ye>s1 includ+ ,m's ,utopia1 publi%$ by ,frob5 9 #aeah4 ,! fir/ ( 8 designs f anci5t hi/ory =m$ ! title-page to ne ,platonici ,*ri/iani de immortalitate anim1 issu$ by ,frob5 9 #aeaf1 & also appe>$ 9 ! ,basel edition ( ! ,utopia1 & aga9 9 ,erasmus' ,praise ( ,matrimony 9 #aeah4 ,x repres5ts ! /ory ( ,mucius ,scvola & ,l>s ,pors5a 7,pl4 #fj71ddj b has be5 s badly cut t mu* ( ! dramatic =ce ( ,holbe9's composition has be5 lo/4 ,:5 ,pors5a1 ! ,etruscan k+1 0 blockad+ ,rome1 aft] 8 attempt$ entry into ! city _h be5 fru/rat$ by ! brav]y ( ,horatius ,cocles1 ,mucius1 a "y ,roman nobleman1 resolv$ to rid 8 c\ntry ( ! invad]4 ,9 disguise he ent]$ ! ho/ile camp1 &1 approa*+ ! t5t 9 :i* ,pors5a sat1 ) 8 secret>y1 dress$ 9 simil> fa%ion to 8 ma/]1 by 8 side1 plung$ 8 dagg] into ! latt]'s body1 mi/ak+ him = ! k+4 ,he 0 seiz$ by ! gu>ds1 & condemn$ to dea?1 b ?ru/ 8 "r h& into a fire :i* 0 already light$ = a sacrifice1 & held x !re )\t fl9*+1 to %[ h[ little he he$$ pa94 ,amaz$ at 8 brav]y1 ,pors5a all[$ him to g free2 & ,mucius aft]w>ds receiv$ ! "n ( ,scvola1 or ! left-h&$1 on acc\nt ( 8 c\rage4 ,holbe9 has depict$ ! two *ief incid5ts ( ?is leg5d>y /ory side by side across ! bottom ( ! title-page4 ,on ! "r is an op5 t5t1 9 :i* ,mucius is /abb+ ! secret>y1 :o is seat$ at a table by ! side ( ! k+4 ,on ! left1 ,mucius1 held by a gu>d1 plunges 8 h& into ! fire 9 ! pres5ce ( ,pors5a & 8 c\rti]s4 ,ov] ea* ( ! pr9cipal *>act]s is a label ) 8 "n1 & 9 ! backgr\nd is a small wall$ city labell$ 8,roma40 ,! figures1 :i* are clad 9 sixte5?-c5tury co/ume1 are %ort & /umpy1 ^! faults1 no d\bt1 be+ exagg]at$ by ! inadequate r5d]+ ( ! engrav]4 ,! sides ( ! page consi/ ( two n>r[ panels ( conv5tional foliat$ design1 ) small figures1 spr++ f vases1 :ile ! upp] bord] conta9s a gr\p ( nak$ *ildr51 bl[+ trumpets & dragg+ "o ( _! numb] 9 triumph4 ,a small %ield 9 ! middle ( ! left-h& bord] conta9s ,holbe9's initials1 8,h4,h40 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mucius ,,sc,,vola ,,& ,,l>s ,,pors5a ,fir/ us$ 9 #aeaf ,f a copy ( ,m's 8,epigrams0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,frob51 on ! recomm5dation ( ,erasmus1 und]took ! publication ( ,sir ,?omas ,m's ,utopia 9 #aeah1 & ! edition 0 lavi%ly ornam5t$ ) woodcuts1 title-pages1 & initials1 9 hon\r ( ! au?or4 ,! book _h be5 already publi%$ 9 ,l\va9 9 ! w9t] ( #aeaf4 ,g]>dus ,noviomagus1 ( ,nimegu51 writ+ to ,erasmus on ,novemb] #ab? ( t ye>1 says t 8 fri5d ,!odoricus has und]tak5 to pr9t x1 & t ,paludanus w %[ him 8a cut ( ! isl& by a great arti/10 9 ord] t ,erasmus may make any sugge/ions he may ?9k necess>y4#dda ,9 ,frob5's edition ?is 8cut ( ! isl&0 0 drawn by ,ambrosius ,holbe91 z also ! *>m+ little picture ( ,hy?lodu rec\nt+ 8 adv5tures 9 ,utopia4 ,z already /at$1 two ( ,hans ,holbe9's designs 7 re-us$ = ?is "w1 ! title-page ) ! *ildr5 = ! d$ication to gidius1 & ! 8,scvola0 = ,m's ,epigrams1 :i* 7 add$ to ! volume1 toge!r ) o!rs by ,erasmus1 = :i* ,urs ,graf provid$ a title-page ) ! behead+ ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,! title-page to ! book itself1 ) ! /ory ( ,t>qu9 & ,lucrece1#ddb 0 design$ by ,ambrosius1 :o 9 ?is in/ance took a mu* m important %>e 9 ! "w ( illu/ration ?an 8 bro!r1 & he 0 possibly ! 8great arti/0 ( :om ,noviomagus spoke 9 8 lett]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,table ,,( ,,cebes ,! title-page = ! ,/atute ,book ( ,freiburg-im-,breisgau1 publi%$ 9 #aebj1 ) ! beautiful design ( ! patron sa9ts ( t city on ! back1 has be5 already describ$4#ddc ,x is m f9ely cut ?an mo/ ( ^! e>li] book illu/rations1 z is also ! title-page repres5t+ ! 8,table ( ,cebes0 7,pl4 #fa71 p]haps ! mo/ important "w ( ! k9d und]tak5 by ,holbe9 be=e 8 connection ) ,ltzelburg] began4#ddd ,! unkn[n cutt] ( ?is block has r5d]$ ,holbe9's design ) consid]able tru? & arti/ic feel+4 ,x is f\nd$ on ! or 8,table10 a philosophical "w ( ,cebes ( ,!bes1 ! disciple & fri5d ( ,socrates1 a book :i* enjoy$ a great popul>ity4 ,x gives an allegorical picture ( human life1 z expla9$ by an old man to a circle ( y\?s1 & is int5d$ to %[ t true happ9ess is only to be atta9$ by ! cultivation ( ! m9d & ! possession ( real virtue4 ,! 8,picture0 describ$ 9 ! book 0 %[n to ! sage 9 a temple ( ,*ronos1 & 0 a pa9t+ conta9+ _m figures1 repres5t+ ! progress ( man t[>ds ! desir$ goal4 ,holbe9 has foll[$ ! text v closely4 ,! :ole picture is surr\nd$ by a wall1 :i* indicates ! limits ( human life4 ,outside ?is wall1 at ! bottom ( ! design1 are gr\ps ( nak$ *ildr51 repres5t+ ! s\ls ( ^? :o h n yet ent]$ life4 ,!y are play+ & fight+1 & "s are begg+ admittance ( ! old man1 labell$ 8,g5ius10 :o /&s b5ea? ! ar*way ( ! portal4 ,on ! "r1 )9 ! fir/ c\rty>d1 is ! w+$1 nak$ figure ( ,=tune on h] roll+ sph]e1 betwe5 two gr\ps ( p1 on ! "o side ^? on :om %e has smil$ & on ! o!r ! un=tunate ones1 :o are rail+ at h]2 on ! left is ! seat$ figure ( a woman1 ri*ly dress$1 repres5t+ ,s$uction or ,p]suasion1 ) h] att5dant ladies z ,false ,op9ions4 ,%e holds out a gold cup to tempt ! newcom] to life f ! true pa?4 ,beh9d1 gaz+ ov] ! wall into ! second c\rty>d1 is ! ,travell] on life's j\rney4 ,he next enc\nt]s ,av>ice1 ,lu/1 ,incont95ce1 & o!r pitfalls1 all repres5t$ by small & *>act]i/ic gr\ps ( figures4 ,!n1 pass+ ?r\gh a gate1 he foll[s a w9d+ road1 enc\nt]+ on ! way ,pa9 & ,sorr[1 ! latt] an old woman cr\*+ 9 a ru9$ hut1 :o ?reat5s him ) a :ip1 until he is welcom$ at a fur!r gateway by ,p5it5ce1 :o holds out bo? h&s 9 welcome4 ,all dang]1 h[ev]1 has n yet be5 ov]tak51 = )9 he meets ) ,false ,discipl9e1 a gr&ly dress$ lady & h] att5dants1 b he gives h] only a sidelong glance z he ha/5s =w>d4 ,! road n[ becomes r\gh] & n>r[]1 & he comes next ^u a gr\p ( p engag$ 9 ! pursuit ( all ! arts & sci5ces1 :i* !y reg>d z ! end ( life4 ,aft] ?is he has to clamb] up /eep rocks1 :i* he does ) ! help ( ,=titude & ,c\rage1 ! latt] hold+ a gold5 cup 9 ei!r h&4 ,fur!r on1 at ! entrance to ! inn]mo/ enclosure1 he kneels be=e ,true ,discipl9e1 :o1 9 ! guise ( a sa9t1 ) a halo1 /&s on a small p$e/al1 att5d$ by ,tru? & ,conviction4 ,f "h he ent]s ! ,ca/le ( ,true ,happ9ess1 & aga9 kneels1 ?is "t to receive ! laurel cr[n1 ! rew>d = 8 avoidance ( all evil & error on 8 life's j\rney1 :i* is plac$ on 8 head by ,happ9ess1 :o sits en?ron$ 9 ! c5tre1 9 front ( a ca/ellat$ build+4 ,%e we>s a cr[n & holds a sceptre1 & h] head is surr\nd$ by a halo ( brilliant light4 ,on ei!r side are gr\ps ( ! ,virtues4 ,_m ( ! small figures 9 ?is design h great *>m1 & ! :ole composition is well arrang$ & full ( int]e/4 ,holbe9 has sign$ x on "o ( ! /ones ( ! wall 9 ! l[] left-h& corn] ) 8 initials 9 ! =m ( a monogram1 a small ,h )9 a l>g] "o4 ,?is woodcut 0 fir/ us$ 9 ! edition ( ,t]tullian publi%$ by ,frob5 9 #aeba1 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> x =m$ ! title-page ( ,erasmus' ,lat9 edition ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,x became v popul>1 & 0 frequ5tly us$ = diction>ies1 lexicons1 & simil> publications dur+ ! next sixty ye>s1 be+ copi$ & imitat$ by num]\s pr9t]s4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fa4 ,illu/ration3 8,,! ,,table ,,( ,,cebes0 ,fir/ us$ 9 #aeba ,f a copy ( ,p]otto's 8,cornucopi0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,lu!r',s ,,new ,,te/am5t ,! fir/ fruits ( ! collaboration ( ,holbe9 & ,ltzelburg] appe>$ 9 an edition ( ,lu!r's ,g]man translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 :i* 0 issu$ by ,adam ,petri 9 ,basel 9 ,decemb] #aebb4 ,= ?is ,holbe9 drew a v beautiful title-page1#dde :i*1 al?\gh x be>s no "n or initials1 is unmi/akable 9 its au?or%ip 7,pl4 #fb74 ,! sides ( ! design are occupi$ ) ni*es )9 :i* /& ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul1 gr&ly conceiv$ figures ( great nobility & dignity4 ,/4 ,pet]1 on ! left1 has a great key 9 "o h&1 & an op5 book 9 ! o!r1 f :i*1 ) head & eyes ca/ d[n1 he is read+4 ,on ! "r is ,/4 ,paul1 ) a long1 fl[+ be>d1 hold+ a sword across ! op5 volume ( 8 gospel4 ,! ar*itectural backgr\nd is simple1 ) %ell ornam5tation beh9d ! heads ( ! two sa9ts4 ,9 ! f\r corn]s ( ! page are ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s--! ,angel1 ,eagle1 ,lion1 & ,bull--:i* s]ve z h]aldic support]s to ! volumes ( ! gospels4 ,9 ! c5tre at ! top are ! arms ( ,basel1 ) ! motto 8,,inclyta ,,basilea10 & at ! bottom is plac$ ! pr9t]'s m>k1 a nak$ *ild rid+ on a h>ness$ lion1 & be>+ a /&>d ) ,petri's monogram1 & ant$at$ #aebc1 ! backgr\nd fill$ 9 ) roses1 a v f9e design4 ,a second edition ( ?is folio volume 0 publi%$ 9 ,m>* #aebc1 & at ! same "t "o 9 octavo4 ,9 ! latt] ! title-page#ddf closely foll[s ! "o 9 ! folio edition1 & ! book is also embelli%$ ) o!r woodcuts ( ,holbe9's design+4 ,on ! fir/ page ( ea* gospel is a cut ( ! figure ( ! ,evangeli/ enclos$ )9 a framework ( ,r5aissance design 7,pl4 #fc74ddg ,! fir/ ?ree are ea* %[n )9 a room1 on ! wall ( :i* is a fram$ picture illu/rat+ t "p ( ! c>e] ( ,*ri/ mo/ fully treat$ by ! respective writ]s4 ,/4 ,mat!w looks up f 8 writ+1 & li/5s to ! kneel+ ,angel1 :o raises a f+] 9 admonition4 ,! picture on ! wall repres5ts ,*ri/ 9 ! mang]1 ) ,m>y kneel+1 & ,joseph k9dl+ a fire4 ,/4 ,m>k is se5 f beh9d1 deep 9 ?\ght1 ! ,lion cr\*+ by 8 side4 ,! picture hang+ above him is ( ,*ri/ ris+ f ! ,tomb4 ,/4 ,luke1 busily writ+1 we>s a high cap1 ! ,bull /&+ at ! back ( ! desk4 ,*ri/ on ! ,cross =ms ! subject ( ! picture on ! wall4 ,9 ea* ( ^! ?ree pictures ! ,evangeli/'s desk or writ+-table & seat =m an int]e/+ feature1 z ea* "o is ( a diff]5t design1 & illu/rates ! furniture ( ,holbe9's own day4 ,/4 ,john is repres5t$ 9 ! wild]ness1 seat$ among rocks1 writ+ 8 gospel1 8 c&le %elt]$ f ! w9d by /ones1 & ! ,eagle look+ d[n ^u x4 ,*ri/ appe>s 9 glory 9 ! sky ov] ! di/ant m\nta9s1 & ! sa9t is gaz+ up at ! vision4 ,?is woodcut is )\t an ornam5tal framework4 ,f\r o!r designs by ,holbe9 are includ$ 9 ! volume4#ddh ,at ! head ( ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les is a repres5tation ( ! ,outp\r+ ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,! ,epi/le to ! ,romans is head$ by ! figure ( ,/4 ,paul1 prea*+1 8 sword "u 8 arm1 b5ea? a ri*ly-decorat$ portal4 ,! o!r two repres5t ! ,conv]sion ( ,saul & ,/4 ,pet]'s ,vision ( ! ,unclean ,bea/s1 & !re are also a numb] ( initial lett]s 7,pl4 #fc74 ,! beautiful engrav+ ( ! title-page & _m ( ! woodcuts po9ts to ! h& ( ,ltzelburg]1 ?\gh none ( !m are sign$ by him4 ,ano!r f9e woodcut ) ! figure ( ,/4 ,paul1 ) sword & book1 /&+ )9 an ar*itectural ni*e1 is to be f\nd 9 ! ,greek ,new ,te/am5t issu$ by ,t4 ,platt] ( ,basel 9 #aedj4ddi ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,title-,,page ,,to ,,lu!r',s 8,,new ,,te/am5t0 ,fir/ us$ 9 #aebb ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,f\r ,,evangeli/s ,woodcuts1 & ,initial ,lett]s us$ on ! fir/ page ( ea* gospel1 9 ! #aebc edition ( ,lu!r's ,new ,te/am5t ,s ,d ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,f\r ,,evangeli/s ,woodcuts1 & ,initial ,lett]s us$ on ! fir/ page ( ea* gospel1 9 ! #aebc edition ( ,lu!r's ,new ,te/am5t ,d ,i ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,9 ! same ye>1 #aebc1 a second ,basel publi%]1 ,?omas ,wolff1 issu$ a qu>to edition ( ,lu!r's translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 9 ! decoration ( :i* bo? ,holbe9 & ,ltzelburg] 7 employ$4 ,! title-page#dej %[s ,holbe9's f]tility ( inv5tion1 8 p[] ( dramatic repres5tation1 & 8 s5se ( /yle to ! greate/ advantage4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! upp] bord] ,/4 ,john is baptiz+ ! ,savi\r 9 ! riv] ,jordan1 ! angel /&+ on ! bank ) 8 g>m5ts1 & on ei!r side are ! symbols ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,! l[] bord] conta9s ,wolff's device1 a philosoph] 9 a ni*e enjo9+ sil5ce1 8 monogram1 & ! motto1 8,digito ,compesce ,labellum10 & on ei!r side ( x ! ,vision ( ,/4 ,pet] & ! ,conv]sion ( ,/4 ,paul1 :o1 dress$ 9 ,g]man co/ume1 is flung f 8 horse4 ,on ! "r-h& bord] ,/4 ,paul is %[n on ! isl& ( ,melita1 %ak+ (f ! vip] f 8 h& into ! fire1 & 9 ! backgr\nd ! wreck ( ! %ip2 on ! left-h& bord] is a repres5tation ( ! ,baptism ( ! ,treasur] ( ! ,k+ ( ,e?iopia by ,/4 ,philip1 :ile 9 ! di/ance is depict$ ! j\rney ( ! same eunu* along a hilly road %ad$ by trees4 ,he is rid+ 9 a small f\r-:eel$ c>riage1 drawn by two horses t&em fa%ion1 ) ! driv] m\nt$ on ! aft] "o--"o ( ! me?ods ( travell+ 9 ,holbe9's own day4 ,?is title-page is a ma/]piece ( ! engrav]'s art1 & is sign$ 8,h4,l4,,fvr40 on ! foot/ool on :i* ,/4 ,paul is kneel+1 9 ! l[] bord]4 ,holbe9 also furni%$ tw5ty-"o illu/rations to ! ,revelation ( ,/4 ,john = ! same edition1#dea :i*1 h[ev]1 = ! mo/ "p 7 v badly cut1 s t ,ltzelburg] _c h be5 ! engrav] ( !m4 ,!y 7 us$ aga9 9 ,adam ,petri's folio ,new ,te/am5t ( ! same ye>4 ,!y are p>ticul>ly int]e/+ z repres5t+ ! same subjects z ^? treat$ by ,dr] 9 8 fir/ important "w1 :i* mu/ h be5 kn[n to ,holbe91 :o1 h[ev]1 has borr[$ v little 9 8 r5d]+ ( ! ,visions4 ,he %[s less imag9ation & gr&eur ( conception ?an ,dr]1 b foll[s ! text ) ev5 clos] fidelity1 & treats ea* subject ) great] simplicity & cle>ness4#deb ,! la/ "o ( ! s]ies1 ! ,angel %[+ ! ,sa9t ! ,new ,j]usalem 7,pl4 #gj 7#c771 conta9s a view ( ,luc]ne ) its cov]$ bridge4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,creation ,,( ,,eve0 ,= ,adam ,petri's repr9t ( ,lu!r's translation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 publi%$ 9 ,decemb] #aebc1 = :i* a title-page 0 provid$ by ,urs ,graf1 ,holbe91 9 addition to num]\s initial lett]s1 0 ! design] ( ! l>ge woodcut :i* 0 plac$ at ! head ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis1 repres5t+ ! ,creation ( ,eve1#dec a v beautiful conception1 9 :i* ,god ! ,fa!r is uplift+ ,eve f ! side ( ,adam1 :ile a small angel tugs at 8 mantle4 ,! e>li] days ( ! ,creation are also repres5t$--! ,e>? z a small isl& ) v>i\s animals ^u x1 surr\nd$ by a /rip ( wat] conta9+ fi%1 & r\nd ?is aga9 a r+ ( cl\ds & />s1 & a f9al circle ( angels1 above :om ! ,almighty is %[n aga91 bless+ 8 "w4 ,9 ! f\r corn]s are plac$ ! heads ( ! f\r w9ds4 ,sev]al o!r illu/rations 7 drawn by ,holbe9 = ?is edition1 b 9 mo/ in/ances !y are m>r$ by bad cutt+4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ ( 8 designs = woodcuts is ! "o repres5t+ ! ,dea? ( ,cleopatra & ! ,sacrileges ( ,dionysius ( ,syracuse 7,pl4 #fd71ded fir/ us$ by ,frob5 9 #aebc z ! title-page = sev]al works by ,erasmus4 ,! framework1 9 ! =m ( a sculptur$ monum5t 9 ! ,italian /yle1 is exceptional among ,holbe9's "w z a book-illu/rator1 be+ %[n 9 m>k$ p]spective z ?\gh se5 f ! "r4 ,at ! foot1 b5ea? an ar*1 ! dy+ ,cleopatra1 at full l5g? on ! gr\nd1 holds an asp 9 ea* h&4 ,on ei!r side is repres5t$ an act ( sacrilege on ! "p ( ! ,tyrant ( ,syracuse4 ,on ! "r he is rea*+ up to pluck (f ! gold5 be>d f ! /atue ( sculapius1 & on ! left he is robb+ ! /atue ( ,jupit] ( its gold5 mantle & ornam5ts4 ,above ! frieze on ! top are ,cupids rid+ on dolph9s4 ,! figures ?r\gh\t are f9ely conceiv$1 & ! ,italian influ5ce is m>k$4 ,ano!r f9e title-page ( 8 design+ 0 cut = ,bug5hag5's ,int]pretation ( ! ,psalms1 publi%$ by ,petri 9 ,m>* #aebd1 & aft]w>ds us$ 9 ,mn/]'s ,cosmography1 & else:]e1 9 :i* ! pr9cipal subject is ,david danc+ be=e ! ,ark2#dee & !re are o!rs ( :i* ! scope ( ?is book does n p]mit any description4 ,two important woodcuts1 8,*ri/ ! ,true ,light10 & 8,! ,sale ( ,indulg5ces0 7,pl4 #fe71def f _! oblong %ape 7 probably int5d$ to be plac$ at ! head ( "s broad%eet writt5 by a support] ( ! ,re=mation4 ,9 ^! designs1 9 :i* ,ltzelburg]'s extraord9>y skill 9 delicate & at ! same "t =cible use ( ! cutt]'s knife has r5d]$ ) ! utmo/ fidelity ! beauty ( ,holbe9's l9e1 ! arti/ %[s himself to h be5 9 close sympa?y ) ! new movem5t1 9 def5ce ( :i* he br+s to be> consid]able p[]s ( ridicule & satire4 ,! r>ity ( ^! two pr9ts is ow+1 no d\bt1 to ! fact t ! ,basel ,c\ncil ma9ta9$ at t "t a v sev]e c5sor%ip ov] all !ological controv]sies1 & /rictly prohibit$ e publication or picture deal+ ) su* debatable topics4 ,^! two woodcuts1 !re=e1 attack+ ) m]ciless scorn ! cl]gy1 ecclesia/ical abuses1 & sup]/itions1 w\ld come "u ! ban ( ! ,c\ncil1 &1 at ! same "t1 e copy fall+ into ! h&s ( ! cl]ical p>ty w\ld be de/roy$4 ,h5ce only ?ree or f\r copies ( ea* are kn[n4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,cleopatra ,,title-,,page ,fir/ us$ 9 #aebc ,f a copy ( ,erasmus' 8,*ri/iani ,matrimonii ,in/itutio0 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fe4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,*ri/ ,,! ,,true ,,light ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,,! ,,sale ,,( ,,indulg5ces ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,sale ,,( ,,indulg5ces0 ,! 8,sale ( ,indulg5ces0 is divid$ into two p>ts4 ,on ! "r is %[n ! int]ior ( a *ur*1 ) ! ,pope en?ron$1 & surr\nd$ by 8 c>d9als4 ,9 ! decorations ( ! build+ ! arms ( ! ,m$ici occur _m times4 ,leo ,x is h&+ a lett] ( indulg5ce to a kneel+ ,dom9ican4 ,9 ! *oir-/alls on ei!r side are seat$ a numb] ( ,*ur* dignit>ies4 ,on ! "r1 "o ( !m re/s 8 h& on ! head ( a kneel+ y\? & ) a /ick po9ts to a l>ge iron-b\nd *e/ = ! money-(f]+s1 into :i* a woman is putt+ h] contribution4 ,at a table on ! left v>i\s ,dom9icans are prep>+ & sell+ indulg5ces4 ,"o ( !m repulses a begg>1 :o has no?+ to give 9 ex*ange = ! remission ( 8 s9s1 :ile ano!r is c>efully *eck+ ! money :i* a suppliant is c\nt+ out on ! table1 & hold+ back ! lett] until ! full am\nt has be5 receiv$4 ,! small figures are v lifelike1 & ! :ole composition is a bitt] satire ^u ! traffic ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! left-h& half ( ! picture %[s a l&scape 9 :i* ?ree true p5it5ts are besee*+ =giv5ess f ,god ! ,fa!r1 :o appe>s ) out/ret*$ arms 9 ! cl\ds above !m4 ,ov] ! head ( ea* figure is a label inscrib$1 8,k4 ,david10 8,manasses10 & 8,(f5-,synd]10 respectively4 ,! fir/-nam$ kneels1 ) 8 h>p by 8 side on ! gr\nd2 ! o!rs /& ) clasp$ h&s & b[$ heads4 ,! second %eet1 call$ 9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory 8,*ri/us v]a lux1 philosophi et papa 9 foveam cad5tes10 is divid$ into two halves by a magnific5t c&le/ick :i* rises 9 ! c5tre1 ! flame surm\nt$ by a l>ge halo ( light4 ,! /em conta9s sculptur$ figures ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 & ! base is support$ by _! f\r symbols4 ,on ! left1 ,*ri/1 a f9ely-conceiv$ figure1 po9ts to ! light ) uplift$ h&1 & addresses a gr\p ( citiz5s1 peasants1 begg>s1 & o!r simple folk1 :o li/5 eag]ly to 8 words4 ,on ! "r1 a procession ( ! cl]gy & le>n$ m5 turn _! backs ^u ! true light1 & w&] =? into ! wild]ness1 l$ by ,plato & ,ari/otle1 ! fir/ ( :om has /umbl$ into a deep pit1 :ile ! second is ab\t to fall aft] him4 ,!y are foll[$ by ! ,pope1 a bi%op1 canons1 & o!r *ur*m51 & monks ( v>i\s ord]s1 & a figure :i* appe>s to repres5t ,erasmus4 ,beh9d !m rise l(ty sn[ m\nta9s1 :ile a di/ant city is se5 across ! pla9 9 ! c5tre1 & trees on ! left4 ,?is woodcut be>s witness to ! rapidly gr[+ *ange 9 ! po9t ( view ( ! ,re=m]s1 :o 7 already p>t+ company ) _! =m] allies1 ! humani/s & s*ol>s4 ,holbe9 9 ?is design gives expression to ! popul> feel+ ( 8 day 9 ,basel1 :i* 0 beg9n+ to reg>d classical le>n+ ) suspicion z a support] ( ! !ology to :i* x 0 oppos$4 ,?is woodcut 0 us$ 9 #aebg to illu/rate a l>ge broad%eet1 ! 8,evangeli/ical ,cal5d>0 ( ,dr4 ,johannes ,copp4 ,holbe9's f]tility ( inv5tion 9 ?is field 0 n conf9$ to subjects *os5 f ! ,bible or f classical lit]ature4 ,num]\s woodcuts occur 9 :i* he has made excell5t use ( incid5ts tak5 f ! ord9>y life ( 8 day4 ,!re is a well-kn[n bord] repres5t+ a gr\p ( peasants *as+ a fox :i* has /ol5 a goose f ! f>my>d1 an engrav+ on metal1 :i*1 9 spite ( ! inf]iority ( ! cutt+1 is full ( hum\r & rapid movem5t4#deg ,! small figures1 c>ry+ flails1 spades1 & o!r ha/ily snat*$-up weapons--among !m a girl ) a hayrake on h] %\ld] & a soldi] ) 8 spe>--are runn+ at full spe$1 :ile beh9d !m an old man1 lean+ on a /ick1 /&s among ! rema9+ geese & %\ts directions = ! fox's capture4 ,ano!r bord] %[s a peasants' dance1#deh v simil> 9 treatm5t to ! same subject 9 ! wall-pa9t+ ( ! ,h\se ( ! ,dance4 ,^! two bord]s1 ) two side ones1 repres5t+ *ildr5 climb+ trees1 7 frequ5tly us$ by ,crat&] ( ,basel 9 books publi%$ betwe5 #aebf & #aecd1 & a second 8,peasants' ,dance0#dei is (t5 f\nd 9 ,adam ,petri's publications4 ,simil> bord]s ) danc+ or play+ *ildr5 frequ5tly occur4 ,mo/ ( !m appe> to h be5 cut 9 metal by ,fab]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,alphabets ,,) ,,peasants ,,*ildr5 ,bo? peasants & *ildr5 7 fav\rite !mes ) him 9 8 designs = initial lett]s1 :i* =m$ an important "p ( ! decoration ( ! books issu$ f ! ,basel presses4 ,he produc$ a numb] ( complete alphabets1 f ,a to ,z1 9 :i* ! little pictures :i* surr\nd$ ! lett]s =m$ a connect$ s]ies ( designs4 ,almo/ inv>iably ! lett] itself 0 %[n 9 pla9 ,roman type1 plac$ )9 a small squ>e1 ! backgr\nd be+ fill$ 9 ) small figures :i* h no actual connection ) ! lett]1 b are s comb9$ ) x z to produce a v decorative effect4 ,"o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( ^! alphabets1 ( :i* complete pro(-%eets are to be f\nd at ,basel & ,dresd51 repres5ts ! m]ry-mak+s ( a ru/ic fair1#dfj & 0 us$ by bo? ,frob5 & ,crat&]4 ,! s]ies op5s ) two musicians play+ bagpipes1 & ! t5 next lett]s repres5t danc+ c\ples4 ,9 succe$+ lett]s ! peasants are repres5t$ mak+ love1 fight+1 play+ games & practical jokes1 dr9k+1 & o!r sc5es 9 :i* ! hum\r is too gross = mod]n ta/es1 & conclud+ ) ! return f ! fair1 ! peasant rid+ home ) 8 wife beh9d him1 & ! visit ( ! doctor on ! foll[+ morn+1 made necess>y by ov]-indulg5ce 9 m]ry-mak+4 ,! cutt+ ( ! set is s beautiful t x mu/ be f ! h& ( ,ltzelburg]2 no o!r engrav] !n work+ 9 ,basel 0 capable ( su* m9utely f9e "w1 or c\ld d su* full ju/ice to ,holbe9's g5ius = fill+ su* small spaces ) designs :i* appe> s spaci\s & s l>ge 9 /yle4 ,ano!r alphabet1 :i* 0 evid5tly also cut by ,ltzelburg] & us$ by ,crat&]1 ( :i* !re is a pro(-%eet at ,basel1 is devot$ to ! games ( *ildr54#dfa ,!y are repres5t$ danc+1 play+ music1 tilt+ on hobby-horses1 rid+ on "o ano!r's backs1 hair-pull+1 wre/l+1 & s on1 :ile 9 "o in/ance a small boy is *as+ a cat ) a bird 9 its m\?4 ,holbe9 0 always v happy 9 8 treatm5t ( *ildr51 & 9 ?is in/ance1 z 9 ! ,peasants' ,alphabet1 ! delicacy ( ! execution is wond]ful4 ,!re are ?ree o!r alphabets deal+ ) *ildr51 & portions ( o!rs1#dfb 9 "o ( :i* !y are engag$ 9 v>i\s trades & employm5ts1 & appe> z c>p5t]s1 mill]s1 masons1 fi%]m51 bak]s1 pa9t]s1 doctors1 & s on4 ,ano!r alphabet gives sc5es f ! ,old ,te/am5t1#dfc & a second consi/s ( ,greek initials4#dfd ,o!r lett]s1 f> too num]\s to enum]ate "h1 repres5t ornam5ts1 fl[]s1 animals1 /ill life1 love sc5es1 & soldi]s4 ,! mo/ fam\s s]ies ( all1 h[ev]1 is ! "o kn[n z ! 8,alphabet ( ,dea?10 :i* is describ$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,woodcuts ,,produc$ ,,9 ,,engl& ,holbe9 also design$ a numb] ( m>ks or devices = ! v>i\s pr9t]s :o employ$ him1 :i* 7 us$ on ! fir/ & la/ pages ( _! publications4 ,= ,johann ,bebelius he drew a palm-tree ) a heavy weight press+ d[n ! bran*es among :i* x is plac$2 9 a second design = ! same publi%] a nak$ man is %[n b5ea? ?is weight1 :o attempts ) h&s & feet to resi/ ! pressure4#dfe ,crat&]'s trade-m>k 0 ,=tune or ,opportunity1 a nak$ goddess1 ) long fl[+ hair & w+$ feet1 pois$ on a revolv+ ball1 a broad-blad$ knife 9 h] h&4 ,val5t9e ,curio's device 0 ! ,table ( ,p>rhasius1 a h& draw+#dff on a panel "o /raight l9e betwe5 two o!rs1 enclos$1 l ! m>k ( ,crat&]1 )9 an ornam5t$ %ield4 ,= ,?omas ,wolff#dfg ,holbe9 drew ! figure ( a s*ol> or publi%] issu+ f a doorway1 8 f+] on 8 lips enjo9+ sil5ce1 ) ! inscription3 8,digito compesce labellum40 ,! devices ( ,mat?ias ,bi55vat] or ,api>ius ( ,b]ne & ,*ri/oph] ,fros*ov] ( ,zri*1 conta9 punn+ allusions to _! "n4 ,! =m]#dfh repres5ts a be> climb+ a tree aft] honey1 ) ! bees sw>m+ r\nd him2 = ! latt]#dfi ,holbe9 made ?ree diff]5t designs1 ea* "o conta9+ frogs4 ,9 "o ! frogs are climb+ a tree1 ) a beautiful l&scape backgr\nd ( hills & peasants' h\ses1 ! :ole )9 a ,r5aissance framework1 & evid5tly cut by ,ltzelburg]2 9 ! two o!rs a boy is repres5t$ rid+ on a l>ge frog1 "o ( !m ) a backgr\nd repres5t+ ! ,lake ( ,zri*1 ) villages at ! foot ( ! m\nta9s1 & ! o!r ) a hilly l&scape ) a ca/le on a height4 ,la/ly1 a v beautiful device made = ,re9hold ,wolfe#dgj appe>s to h be5 produc$ dur+ ,holbe9's la/ resid5ce 9 ,engl&1 ?\gh ! cutt+ ( ! block 0 mo/ probably done 9 ,basel4 ,x repres5ts ?ree boys fl++ /icks into an appletree lad5 ) fruit1 & be>s 8 motto 8,*>itas40#dga ,wolfe1 :o 0 settl$ 9 ,london1 0 possibly "s relation ( ,?omas ,wolff1 ! ,basel publi%]1 & s may h s5t 8 book illu/rations to ,switz]l& to be engrav$4 ,?is p>ticul> device1 9 any case1 is too f9ely cut to h be5 done 9 ,engl& at t p]iod4 ,wolfe 0 ! publi%] ( ,john ,lel&'s ,na5i1 :i* conta9$ a woodcut portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,wyat aft] ,holbe91#dgb & also ( ! same writ]'s poem on ! bir? ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 :i* 0 n issu$ until #aedc4 ,on ! back ( ! title-page ( ! la/ publication is ! device ( ! ,pr9ce1 8,i* ,di50 "u a cr[n ( o/ri* fea!rs1 )9 a halo1 :i* appe>s to be aft] a design by ,holbe94#dgc ,a few o!r woodcuts :i* date f ! arti/'s la/ resid5ce 9 ,engl& are ref]r$ to 9 a lat] *apt]4#dgd ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,x ,,! 8,,dance ,,( ,,dea?0 ,,& ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,woodcuts ,! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 9 lit]ature & art--,e>ly examples 9 ,basel--,date ( ,holbe9's 8,dance ( ,dea?0 woodcuts--,e>ly pro(s--,date ( publication--,description ( ! fir/ edition--,reasons = delay 9 publication--,description ( ! sep>ate woodcuts--,holbe9's 8,alphabet ( ,dea?0--,8 illu/rations to ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,,holbe9',s fame z a design] ( woodcuts1 :i* _h spread ?r\gh\t ,europe be=e ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 0 due almo/ entirely to 8 celebrat$ 8,dance ( ,dea?0 pictures1 &1 9 a less] degree1 to 8 ,old ,te/am5t illu/rations1 bo? fir/ publi%$ 9 #aech1 ?\gh !y 7 drawn1 & = ! great] "p cut1 betwe5 ! ye>s #aebc & #aebf4 ,!y atta9$ an imm$iate & widespread popul>ity1 a popul>ity :i* has be5 a la/+ "o4 ,edition aft] edition foll[$ 9 quick succession1 & ?r\gh\t ! succe$+ ye>s d[n to ! pres5t day h>dly a decade has pass$ )\t a fre% v]sion be+ giv5 to ! _w4 ,= c5turies be=e ! bir? ( ,holbe9 ! subject ( ,dea? 9 bo? pictorial & lit]>y art 0 a fav\rite "o ?r\gh\t ,europe1 & m p>ticul>ly among ! ,g]man-speak+ peoples1 to ^: imag9ation x made a /rong appeal4 ,its repres5tation bo? 9 pa9t+ & 9 lit]ature 0 ( common occurr5ce long be=e he made use ( x1 & by 8 g5ius r5d]$ x immortal4 ,! :ole hi/ory ( ! subject is ( great int]e/1 & a volum9\s lit]ature has ga!r$ r\nd x1 ^u :i* x is n possible to t\* 9 ^! pages4 ,f ! ,middle ,ages onw>ds ^! repres5tations ( ! ,dance ( ! ,dead became common1 & 7 pa9t$ on ! walls ( *ur*es1 ! cloi/]s ( conv5ts1 & ca/le halls4 ,well-kn[n examples ( su* wall-pa9t+s at "o "t exi/$ 9 ,p>is1 ,blois1 ,b]l91 ,dresd51 ,lubeck1 ,/rasburg1 ,basel1 ,b]ne1 & o!r places1 :ile 9 ,engl& a fam\s "o 0 pa9t$ on ! nor? side ( ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral dur+ ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,vi4 ,) ! inv5tion ( pr9t+1 small v]sions ( ! pictures 7 issu$ 9 book =m1 & b5ea? !m ! old v]ses :i* accompani$ ! e>li] wall-pa9t+s1 po9t+ out ! t]rors ( dea?1 & exhort+ ! wick$ to rep5tance ere x 0 too late4 ,9 c\rse ( "t ! illu/rations assum$ great] importance1 ! numb] ( ! figures 0 increas$1 & ! v]ses play$ only a second>y "p4 ,sid5ote3 ,,wall-,,pa9t+s ,,( 8,,dance ,,( ,,dea?0 ,m ?an "o e>ly wall-pa9t+ ( ! ,dance exi/$ 9 ,basel 9 ,holbe9's day1 & !re c be little d\bt t ! con/ant sight ( !m /irr$ 8 imag9ation1 & influ5c$ 8 conception ( ! subject :5 he 9 8 turn made use ( x4 ,! e>lie/ 9 po9t ( date 0 ! "o 9 ! ,kl+5?al nunn]y 9 ,little ,basel1 :i* is said to h be5 dat$ #acab2 b x is d\btful :e!r mu* ( ?is wall-pa9t+ rema9$ by ! beg9n+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,only a few badly-damag$ portions 7 9 exi/5ce 9 #aggc1 :5 x 0 r$iscov]$ by ,emanuel ,b*el1 a bak]1 :o made col\r$ copies ( :at 0 left1 :i* are n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,no traces ( ! orig9al pa9t+ are n[ to be se54 ,! bett]-kn[n ,dance ( ! ,dom9ican mona/]y 9 ,great ,basel 9 ! suburb ( ,/4 ,john 0 ( lat] date1 execut$ probably t[>ds ! end ( ! f\rte5? or e>ly 9 ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,accord+ to tradition1 = :i* !re is no absolute pro(1 x 0 pa9t$ aft] ! deliv]ance ( ,basel f ! horrors ( ! t]rible plague :i* rag$ !re 9 #adci4 ,x 0 copi$ or adapt$ f ! old] ,kl+5?al pa9t+1 closely foll[+ its arrangem5t ( ! v>i\s c\ples1 b %[+ a great advance 9 arti/ic treatm5t1 & 9 ! v>iety & movem5ts ( ! danc]s4 ,x consi/$ ( ab\t =ty life-siz$ gr\ps4 ,9 c\rse ( "t x became s fad$ t 9 #aefh x 0 re/or$ by ,hans ,hug ,klub]1 :o made sev]al additions to x2 & x 0 aga9 repair$ 9 #afaf1 & 9 #agjc4 ,aft] t x 0 all[$ to fall into a /ate ( dilapidation1 & 9 #ahae ! wall ( ! cemet]y ( ! mona/]y on :i* x 0 pa9t$ 0 pull$ d[n by ord] ( ! ,c\ncil1 = ! purpose ( /reet improvem5ts4 ,a few remnants ( x are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,gall]y1 z well z col\r$ copies made by ,emanuel ,b*el 9 ! same ye> z ^? he took f ! ,kl+5?al pa9t+4 ,x is also well kn[n f ! engrav+s made aft] x by ,m]ian 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4#dge ,?is wall-pa9t+ 0 =m]ly reg>d$ 9 ,basel z ! "w ( ,holbe91 a leg5d :i* 0 a long "t dy+4 ,! mi/ake1 no d\bt1 orig9ally arose ?r\gh ! wide celebrity atta9$ by ! arti/'s woodcut designs ( ! ,dance1 und]nea? :i* 7 pr9t$ v]ses tak5 f ! old] wall-pa9t+s1 s t ! confusion betwe5 ! two gradually grew1 at fir/ 9 ,g]many & else:]e outside ,switz]l&1 until 9 ! end ! error became e/abli%$ 9 ,basel itself4 ,at "o "t1 too1 ! almo/ equally celebrat$ 8,dance ( ,dea?0 9 ! cemet]y ( ! ,dom9ican mona/]y 9 ,b]ne1 pa9t$ ) ! mo/ bit+ satire by ,niklaus ,manuel1 call$ ,deuts*1 0 also attribut$ to ,holbe94 ,?is wall-pa9t+1 :i* 0 f9i%$ be=e ! ye> #aebb1 _h completely p]i%$ by #affj1 & ! only records ( x n[ rema9+ consi/ ( a few draw+s copi$ f x be=e its disappe>ance4 ,holbe9's designs = ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0#dgf 7 all made1 & ne>ly all ! blocks 7 cut1 be=e ,ltzelburg]'s dea? 9 ! summ] ( #aebf & 8 own dep>ture = ,engl& lat] 9 t ye>4 ,?is is n only prov$ by ! evid5ce ( ! cuts !mselves1 :i* display a h& s ma/]ly t x c only be t ( ,ltzelburg]1 b also m directly f a s]ies ( copies ( tw5ty-?ree ( !m pres]v$ 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum4 ,^! are circul> /udies1 ab\t five in*es 9 diamet]1 on br[n pap]1 enl>g$ f ! orig9al blocks4 ,!y are some:at co>se 9 execution1 & appe> to h be5 made = reproduction z glass-pa9t+s4 ,t !y are n ! orig9al designs = ! woodcuts1 or tak5 f su* designs1 b 7 copi$ f ! woodcuts !mselves1 is prov$1 fir/1 by ! fact t !y are n rev]s$1 z !y w\ld h be5 if bas$ on ! orig9al draw+s1 &1 secondly1 t ! "o ( 8,! ,du*ess0 repeats ! initials 8,h4,l40 on ! b$po/ ) :i* ,ltzelburg] sign$ 8 "w4 ,^! copies1 !re=e1 mu/ h be5 execut$ aft] ! actual cutt+ ( ! blocks2 & z "o ( !m 78,! ,emp]or07 is dat$ 8#aebg10 x gives a date be=e :i* bo? ! woodcuts1 & ! designs = !m1 mu/ h be5 prep>$4 ,! copies 7 tak51 no d\bt1 f "o or o!r ( ! sev]al pro( impressions :i* 7 pr9t$ (f :ile ! "w ( cutt+ 0 9 progress1 complete sets ( :i* are 9 ! ,briti%1 ,b]l91 & ,basel ,museums1 ! ,biblio?que ,nationale 9 ,p>is1 & ! ,gr& ,ducal ,cab9et at ,k>lsruhe1 :ile less complete sets are to be f\nd else:]e4 ,! ,basel set is pr9t$ on f\r folio %eets1 on "o side ( ! pap] only1 ) t5 cuts on ea* page1 & ! title ( ea* subject pr9t$ ov] x 9 ,g]man1 9 italic movable type1 z 9 all b "o ( ! o!r pro( impressions kn[n4 ,^! pro(s include ! :ole ( ! subjects 9 ! fir/ pr9t$ edition ( #aech1 ) ! exception ( ! "o ( 8,! ,a/rolog]10 & !y are ( ! greate/ beauty & %>pness1 & are pr9t$ 9 a f9e black ink4 ,! ,biblio?que ,nationale also possesses a second b incomplete set ( pro(s1 b among ! subjects t ( 8,! ,a/rolog]0 is includ$1 :i* is miss+ 9 ! o!r sets1 :i* seems to indicate t x is a little lat] 9 date4 ,?is is ! only copy extant1 &1 l ! e>li] ones1 ! set is pr9t$ on "o side ( ! pap] only1 b has slight v>iations 9 ! titles1 :i* are pr9t$ 9 upright ,g]man ,go?ic *>act]s in/ead ( ! m usual slop+ ,lat9 lett]+4 ,sid5ote3 ,,reasons ,,= ,,delay ,,9 ,,publication ,ltzelburg]'s "w ^u ! blocks 0 probably spread ov] sev]al ye>s4 ,! 8,alphabet ( ,dea?10 :i* appe>s to h be5 und]tak5 be=e ! 8,dance10 0 fir/ us$ 9 #aebd1 & ,holbe9's designs = bo? s]ies mu/ h be5 prep>$ dur+ t ye> & ! foll[+ "o4 ,?is 0 ! p]iod ( ! ,peasants' ,w>1 ye>s ( mis]y & blood%$ ?r\gh\t ,switz]l&1 & ! /ate ( feel+ :i* x excit$ c be trac$ to "s ext5t 9 ^! little pictures4 ,?is unsettl$ /ate ( public affairs may h be5 ! cause1 o!rwise almo/ inexplicable1 ( ! long delay 9 ! publication ( ! 8,dance10 :i* 0 n issu$ until twelve ye>s aft] ! engrav]'s dea?1 & !n n 9 ,switz]l&1 b ,france4 ,! acut5ess ( ! religi\s controv]sy :i* divid$ ,basel into two ho/ile factions1 result$1 9 #aebd1 9 an edict ( ! ,c\ncil =bidd+ ! publication ( all controv]sial matt]2 & al?\gh x is difficult to see mu* cause = controv]sy 9 ! 8,dance ( ,dea?10 x is easy to und]/& t 9 ^? days ( d\bt & di/urbance ! ,basel publi%]s may well h hesitat$ to produce any?+ :i* might be consid]$ z com+1 h[ev] indirectly1 )9 ! ban ( ! civic au?orities4 ,o!rwise x seems c]ta9 t su* a pr9t] z ,frob51 or "o ( ! o!r lead+ publi%]s1 :o knew s well ! capabilities ( bo? arti/ & engrav]1 w\ld h be5 only too pleas$ to issue s f9e a result ( _! unit$ lab\rs4 ,publication 9 ,basel be+ deb>r$ = ! "t1 ,ltzelburg] appe>s to h ent]$ into negotiations ) ! ,tre*sels ( ,lyon1 to :om1 9 ! end1 ! blocks 7 transf]r$4 ,! engrav] 0 work+ = !m at ! "t ( 8 dea?1 mo/ probably on ! 8,dance0 itself1 "o ( ! subjects ( :i*1 8,! ,waggon]10 he left unf9i%$1 & ! ,tre*sels1 z already expla9$1#dgg 7 put to "s tr\ble be=e !y c\ld obta9 possession ( x4 ,probably ,holbe9 _h no?+ to d ) ?is transaction4 ,he seems to h receiv$ a commission f ,ltzelburg] = ! designs1 & to h _h no fur!r int]e/ 9 ! v5ture4 ,x is equally difficult to expla9 ! delay on ! "p ( ! ,tre*sels 9 publi%+ ! book1 unless = a simil> reason--a belief t ! times 7 inopportune = ! issue ( su* a satire4 ,! cuts 7 at l5g? publi%$ 9 #aech "u ! title ( 8,les ,simula*res ,hi/oriees ,faces de la ,mort1 avtant elegammt p\rtraictes1 que artificiellem5t imag9es0 7,! ,images & ,/ori$ ,aspects ( ,dea? z elegantly del9eat$1 z +5i\sly imag9$74 ,f ?is x w be se5 t ! popul> title = ! "w1 8,! ,dance ( ,dea?10 by :i* x 0 already kn[n by ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 is an incorrect "o4 ,! woodcuts 7 8,pictures ( ,dea?10 & ?\gh ! *>act]s introduc$ are l>gely ^? ( ! e>li] repres5tations1 ,holbe9 has entirely ab&on$ ! g5]al motive ( a dance ( ! liv+ & ! dead1 :i* 0 ! lead+ *>act]i/ic ( ! num]\s wall-pa9t+s4 ,in/ead1 ea* %eet =ms a sep>ate dramatic sc5e1 9 :i* ,dea?1 9 ! guise ( a skeleton1 claims ! liv+ z 8 prey4 ,9 ,basel1 h[ev]1 :]e ! wall-pa9t+ ( ! ,dom9ican mona/]y 0 "o ( ! mo/ famili> sights1 & "o 9 :i* ! citiz5s took great pride1 ! title by :i* x 0 kn[n1 8,! ,dance ( ,dea?10 0 also popul>ly appli$ to ! woodcuts %ortly aft] _! appe>ance1 & ! "n has adh]$ to !m ev] s9ce4 ,sid5ote3 ,,fir/ ,,edition ,,( ,,! ,,dance ,! fir/ edition is 9 ! =m ( a small qu>to4 ,on ! title-page bel[ ! title is a pr9t]'s m>k or emblem1 :i* is n ( ,holbe9's design+ or ,ltzelburg]'s cutt+1 repres5t+ ?ree heads--( an old man1 a y\?1 & a woman--jo9$ toge!r1 two 9 pr(ile1 & ! c5tral "o1 t ( ! woman1 full face1 ) a /> on h] =ehead1 & a wrea? above4 ,f ! %\ld]s spr+ a pair ( peacock's w+s1 ! :ole re/+ on a p$e/al1 on ! top ( :i* is an op5 book inscrib$ 9 ,greek *>act]s1 8,gno?i ,seauton10 & at ! foot a s]p5t & two *a9$ globes1 "o surm\nt$ by a small cross1 & ! o!r ) two w+s4 ,?is emblem has ! fur!r motto 8,usus me ,g5uit40 ,at ! bottom ( ! page is pr9t$1 8,a ,lyon1 ,s\bz lescu de ,coloigne1 ,m4,d4,,xxxviii40 ,at ! end ( ! book1 )9 an ornam5tal bord]1 is ! impr9t3 8,excvdebant ,lvgdvni ,mel*ior et ,gasp> ,tre*sel ,fratres4 #aech40 ,next to ! title-page comes a preface ( six pages1 :i* is foll[$ by sev5 pages descriptive ( 8div]ses tables de ,mort1 non pa9ctes1 mais extraictes de l'escripture sa9cte1 colores p> ,docteurs ,ecclesia/iques1 et umbrages p> ,philosophes40 ,aft] ^! v]bal sket*es come ! woodcuts !mselves1 =ty-"o 9 all1 ea* "o pr9t$ on a sep>ate page1 &1 9 place ( ! ,g]man titles ( ! v>i\s sets ( e>ly pro(s1 a text 9 ,lat9 above ! pictures1 & b5ea? !m a f\r-l9$ v]se 9 ,fr5*1 writt5 by ,gilles ,corrozet1 conta9+ moral reflections appropriate to ! v>i\s subjects4 ,! subjects !mselves are n arrang$ 9 ! same ord] z 9 ! pro( impressions1 9 :i* ! cl]gy are sep>at$ f ! laity1 & ! m5 f ! wom51 beg9n+ ) ! ,pope & end+ ) ! ,little ,*ild4 ,9 ! ,lyon edition ! ,emp]or foll[s ! ,pope1 & is 9 turn foll[$ by ! ,k+1 ! ,c>d9al1 ! ,empress1 & s on4 ,! pictures are succe$$ by a s]ies ( descriptions ( ,dea? & reflections on mortality ( a didactic "*1 "u ! title1 8,figures de la ,mort moralem5t descriptes1 depe9ctes selon l'au?orit de l'scripture des sa9ctz ,p]es10 ! :ole be+ br\ght to a conclusion ) a disc\rse1 8,de la ,necessite de la ,mort qui ne laisse ri5s e/re p>durable40 ,a passage 9 ! ,fr5* preface is ( consid]able int]e/1 z x relates to ! engrav] ( ! woodcuts4 ,?is preface is d$icat$ 8,a m\lt rev]5de ,abbesse de religieux ,c\u5t ,s4 ,pi]re de ,lyon1 ,madame ,jehanne de ,t\szele1 ,salut dun vray ,zele40 ,! conv5t ( ,sa9t ,pi]re les ,nonna9s1 ( :i* ,madame ,jehanne 0 abbess1 0 a religi\s h\se ( long /&+1 among its inmates be+ _m noble & weal?y ladies4 ,! au?or ( ?is preface1 :o only signs x ) 8 motto1 8,d'un vray zelle10 0 ,jean de ,vauzelles1 ,pa/or ( ,/4 ,roma9 & ,prior ( ,montrotti]1 poet & s*ol>1 "o ( ?ree fam\s bro!rs :o took a lead+ "p 9 ! lit]>y life ( ,lyon4 ,! passage ref]r$ to may be translat$ z foll[s3 8,b to return to our figur$ repres5tations ( ,dea?1 we h greatly to regret ! dea? ( him :o has imag9$ 7imag97 su* elegant figures z are h]e9 conta9$1 z mu* excell+ all ^? h]et(ore pr9t$ 7patrones7 z ! pictures ( ,apelles or ( ,zeuxis surpass ^? ( mod]n times2 = 8 fun]eal hi/ories1 ) _! gravely v]sifi$ descriptions1 excite su* admiration 9 behold]s1 t ! figures ( ,dea? appe> to !m mo/ lifelike1 :ile ^? ( ! liv+ are ! v pictures ( mortality4 ,x !re=e seems to me t ,dea?1 fe>+ t ?is excell5t pa9t] 7pa9ctre7 w\ld pa9t him 9 a mann] s lively1 t he %\ld be no long] fe>$ z ,dea?1 & appreh5sive t ! arti/ w\ld ?us become immortal1 det]m9$ to %ort5 8 days1 & ?us prev5t him f9i%+ o!r subjects :i* he _h already drawn4 ,among ^! is "o ( a waggon]1 knock$ d[n & cru%$ "u 8 brok5 waggon1 ! :eels & horses ( :i* appe> s frightfully %att]$ & maim$ t x is z fe>ful to see _! ov]?r[ z x is amus+ to behold ! liquori%ness ( a figure ( ,dea?1 :o is p]ceiv$ rogui%ly suck+ ! w9e out ( a brok5 cask1 by means ( a re$4 ,to su* imp]fect subjects1 z to ! inimitable heav5ly b[ nam$ ,iris1 no "o has v5tur$ to put ! la/ h&1 on acc\nt ( ! bold draw+1 p]spectives1 & %ad[s conta9$ 9 ?is inimitable *ef d'uvre1 !re s gracefully del9eat$1 t f x we may d]ive a pleas+ sadness & a melan*oly pleasure1 z 9 a ?+ m\rnfully delightful40#dgh ,sid5ote3 ,,vauzelles' ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,book ,?is passage is r confus+1 & at "o "t 0 suppos$ to ref] to ! design]1 & n to ! engrav] ( ! woodcuts1 & t ,holbe91 !re=e1 :o 0 alive 9 #aech1 c\ld n h be5 ! au?or ( ! designs4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 t m mod]n rese>* has prov$ t ,ltzelburg] di$ 9 ! summ] ( #aebf1 leav+ sev]al blocks :i* _h be5 commission$ by ! ,tre*sels unf9i%$1 x becomes cle> t ,vauzelles1 9 8 preface1 is prais+ ! woodcutt]1 & n ! arti/4 ,x is true t ! ^w 8pa9ctre0 is us$ 9 "o place1 & t ! t]m 8imag90 has be5 tak5 9 ! mod]n s5se by e>li] writ]s1 :]eas x is f ! ,lat9 8imag9atus0 :i* has ! same mean+ z 8sculptus40 ,9 old ,fr5* 8ymag9i]0 is ! same z 8tailleur d'images10 j z 8sculptor0 0 ! common ,lat9 expression = a /one-cutt] or engrav]4 ,!re is ! possibility t ,vauzelles 0 ignorant ( ,holbe9's %>e 9 ! "w1 & imag9$ t bo? ! design+ & cutt+ ( ! blocks 7 ! "w ( "o man2 b ?is is n v probable1 = 9 ! same ye> ! ,tre*sels publi%$ ! ,old ,te/am5t woodcuts1 also engrav$ by ,ltzelburg]1 9 a second edition ( :i*1 issu$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 #aeci1 ,holbe9's "n z ! design] is expressly m5tion$ 9 ,nicolas ,b\rbon's ,lat9 v]ses :i* 7 add$ to ! volume4 ,b\rbon 0 9 ,lyon at ! "t1 & 9 a new edition ( 8 ,nug1 publi%$ %ortly aft]w>ds1 he includ$ a ,lat9 epigram1 n giv5 9 ! fir/ edition ( #aecc1 head$1 8,de morte picta ,hanso pictore nobili10 :i* und\bt$ly ref]s to ,holbe9 z ! pa9t] or devis] ( ! 8,dance ( ,dea?40 ,tak+ ^! facts into consid]ation1 x does n seem probable t ,vauzelles w\ld h be5 ignorant ( ,holbe9's connection ) ! "w4 ,9 any case1 ! publi%]s mu/ almo/ c]ta9ly h kn[n x1 & x may be conjectur$ t ,b\rbon's v]ses 7 writt5 expressly to accompany ! 8,dance10 j z 8 o!r l9es 7 writt5 = ! ,old ,te/am5t woodcuts1 b t = "s reason !y 7 n us$ = t purpose4 ,woltmann's cont5tion t ,holbe9's "n 0 purposely suppress$ on acc\nt ( ! satirical "* ( ! pictures1 & t ! preface 0 writt5 ) ! int5t to my/ify1 may be ! correct solution4 ,holbe9's int]e/1 he says1#dgi l t ( ! publi%]1 r5d]$ x desirable t !y %\ld appe> anonym\sly4 ,9 ,lyon e movem5t t[>ds ! ,re=mation 0 zeal\sly oppos$ by ! bi%op & ! au?orities1 & ! bloody edict aga9/ h]etics issu$ by ,francis ,i 0 put 9 =ce4 ,_m ( ^! pictures ( ,dea?1 especially %eets su* z ! ,pope or ! ,nun1 might h giv5 (f5ce to ! /rict ,ca?olic p>ty4 ,?is w\ld possibly h be5 all ! m s]i\s1 _h ! book appe>$ ) ! "n ( ,holbe91 :o 0 at t "t resid+ at ! c\rt ( ! ,prote/ant ,k+ ( ,engl&1 & 0 a citiz5 ( ,basel1 9 ,switz]l&1 f :5ce ! new doctr9es emanat$4 ,^! argum5ts1 h[ev]1 z f> z ! suppression ( ,holbe9's "n is conc]n$1 seem a little f>-fet*$4 ,if c]ta9 ( ! woodcuts 7 likely to give (f5ce1 x is difficult to see h[ su* (f5ce c\ld be remov$ by m]ely )hold+ ! arti/'s "n4 ,x is probable1 z already po9t$ out1 t ,holbe9 _h no p]sonal int]e/ 9 ! publication ei!r ( ! 8,dance0 or ! ,old ,te/am5t pictures1 8 active co-op]ation 9 ! "w hav+ ceas$ twelve ye>s or m e>li]1 :5 he _h complet$ ,ltzelburg]'s commission = ! designs2 & "u su* circum/ances x is n likely t ! ,tre*sels w\ld h consult$ him z to ! use ( 8 "n or o!rwise4 ,! mo/ reasonable explanation seems to be t x 0 omitt$ f ! preface ?r\gh an ov]sight or "s confusion on ! "p ( ,vauzelles z to ! sep>ate id5tities ( ! arti/ & engrav]1 :i* ! publi%] did n consid] 0 important en\gh to rectify4 ,if x 0 safe to issue ! book1 !re 0 surely no ne$ to indulge 9 my/]ies z to its au?or%ip4 ,! book _h an almo/ in/antane\s success1 & new editions foll[$ 9 ! c\rse ( a few ye>s4 ,! second edition 0 issu$ 9 #aedb f ! same address1 b by ! bro!rs ,frellon--8,a ,lyon1 ,a lescu de ,coloigne1 *ez ,jan et ,franois ,frellon1 fr]es0--& x has be5 assum$ t ! new publi%]s _h acquir$ ! bus9ess ( ! ,tre*sels4 ,! latt] 7 ,g]mans :o _h settl$ 9 ,lyon1 ! fa!r1 ,johann ,tre*sel1 hav+ />t$ bus9ess !re z a pr9t] 9 #adhg4 ,! ,frellons 7 equally well kn[n 9 ! t[n z publi%]s1 & x is probable t !y _h become ! proprietors ( ! rival e/abli%m5t by #aech1 & t ! ,tre*sels 7 !n only conduct+ ! pr9t+ "u _! ord]s1 = ! preface to ! ,old ,te/am5t pictures1 fir/ publi%$ 9 t ye>1 is sign$ by ,franciscus 8,frellu10 & subsequ5t editions ( bo? publications bore ! "n ( ?is firm4 ,a ?ird edition1 9 ,lat91 0 publi%$ 9 ! same ye>1 #aedb1 ) ! title 8,imag9es de morte et epigrammata e ,gallico idiomate 9 ,lat9um translata10 c4 ,! f\r? appe>$ 9 #aede1 ) ! title1 8,imag9es ,mortis10 c41 9 :i* ,corrozet's ,fr5* v]ses "u ! cuts 7 translat$ into ,lat9 by ,george mmel or milius1 ,lu!r's bro!r-9-law4 ,! only addition to ! illu/rations 0 a cut repres5t+ a lame begg>1 introduc$ z a tail-piece to "o ( ! disc\rses on dea? at ! end ( ! book1 b s poorly engrav$ t x is difficult to trace ,holbe9's h& 9 ! design4 ,a fif? edition 0 issu$ 9 ! same ye>1 #aede1 also "u ! title 8,imag9es ,mortis10 9 :i* elev5 new cuts 7 add$ to ^? :i* _h appe>$ 9 e>li] editions1 or twelve1 c\nt+ ! "o ( ! 8,lame ,begg>40 ,^! new subjects 71 8,! ,soldi]10 8,! ,gambl]s10 8,! ,drunk>ds10 8,! ,fool10 8,! ,robb]10 8,! ,bl9d ,man10 8,! ,waggon]10 & f\r subjects ) nak$ *ildr51 9 "o ( :i* !y are repres5t$ z hunt]s1 9 ano!r !y lead a horse ^u :i* "o ( !m is m\nt$1 be>+ a /&>d1 :ile 9 a ?ird !y are engag$ 9 c>ry+ "o ( _! comrades 9 triumph4 ,^! latt] cuts h no real connection ) ! subject-matt] ( ! book1 al?\gh ,fr5* v]ses & ,lat9 texts 7 add$ to !m 9 an endeav\r to f9d "o1 h[ev] f>-fet*$1 b ! designs are und\bt$ly ,holbe9's1 & mu/ h be5 drawn by him on ! blocks & cut by ,ltzelburg]4 ,x may be conjectur$ t aft] ! engrav]'s dea? !y 7 s5t to ,lyon ) o!r unf9i%$ blocks :i* ! ,tre*sels _h ord]$ f him4 ,?ree m editions 7 issu$ 9 #aedg1 ! ?ird ( !m ) ! title1 8,les ,images de la ,mort10 & ! orig9al ,fr5* v]ses ( ! fir/ edition2 & 9 #aedi a v]sion 0 publi%$ ) ,italian title & text4 ,9 ! preface to ! latt]1 ,jehan ,frellon1 :o 0 ! sole publi%] f #aedg onw>ds1 makes compla9t ( a pirat$ edition :i* _h be5 pr9t$ 9 ,v5ice two ye>s previ\sly4 ,sid5ote3 ,,lat] ,,editions ,,( ,,! ,,book ,fur!r editions foll[$ 9 #aeed & #aefb1 ! numb] ( illu/rations 9 ! la/-nam$ be+ increas$ to fifty-eight by ! addition ( five new cuts1 ?us mak+ sev5te5 m pictures ?an _h appe>$ 9 ! orig9al edition ( #aech4 ,two ( ^! fre% illu/rations1 8,! ,bridegroom0 & 8,! ,bride10 rightly belong to ! s]ies1 & ?\gh !y made _! fir/ appe>ance n9ete5 ye>s aft] ,holbe9's dea?1 7 und\bt$ly drawn by him1 & 9 all probability at ! same "t z ! o!r designs ( ! s]ies1 betwe5 #aebc & #aebf4 ,! rema9+ additions consi/ ( ?ree m subjects ) *ildr51 :i* aga9 h e appe>ance ( ! same au?or%ip4 ,9 "o ( ^! !y appe> z ,bac*analians1 9 ano!r z musicians1 & 9 ! ?ird !y are c>ry+ a suit ( ,roman arm\r4 ,x is ne$less to enum]ate ! _m editions :i* foll[$ ^! e>li] ones4 ,inf]ior copies & pirat$ editions1 9 :i* mu* ( ! beauty ( ! orig9al woodcuts 0 lo/1 7 num]\s1 & appe>$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,europe4 ,! e>lie/ copy 0 app>5tly ! small folio1 entitl$ 8,todt5tantz10 pr9t$ at ,augsburg 9 #aedd1 & publi%$ by ,jo/ de ,negk]4#dhj ,9 ! foll[+ ye> appe>$ ! pirat$ ,v5etian copy4 ,five editions ( a ?ird v]sion1 ) fifty-?ree cuts1 7 publi%$ 9 ,cologne betwe5 #aeee & #aegc1 :ile ano!r copy appe>$ at ,wittemb]g 9 #aeij4 ,( ! copp]plate engrav+s copi$ f !m ! mo/ important 7 ! set ( ?irty et*$ by ,w5ceslaus ,holl> betwe5 #afdg & #afea1 :i* appe> to be bas$ n on "o ( ! orig9al ,lyon editions1 b on ! copy produc$ at ,cologne4 ,=ty-six ( ! subjects 7 et*$ by ,david ,deu*> 9 #aghh1 b ^! are ( v inf]ior workman%ip1 & m]e c>icatures ( ,holbe9's designs4 ,9 #aghi a free copy 0 cut by ,john ,bewick1 ! y\ng] bro!r ( ! m fam\s ,?omas1 & publi%$ "u ! title ( 8,emblems ( ,mortality40 ,turn+ to m rec5t days1 !y 7 reproduc$ ^u /one 9 #ahcb ) great c>e by ,joseph ,s*lot?au]1 ,pr(essor 9 ! ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts at ,muni*2 & ^! 7 re-issu$ 9 ,engl& by ,john ,russell ,smi? 9 #ahdi4 ,! be/ mod]n wood engrav+s aft] !m are ^? cut by ,bonn] & ,john ,byfield = ,d\ce's 8,holbe9's ,dance ( ,dea?0 9 #ahcc4 ,! 8,dance0 has also be5 r5d]$ 9 photo-li?ography = an edition issu$ by ,h4 ,noel ,humphreys 9 #ahfh1 & = ! ,holbe9 ,society 9 #ahgi4 ,9 #ahhf ,dr4 ,f4 ,lippmann edit$ = ,mr4 ,qu>it* a set ( reproductions ( ! engrav]'s pro(s 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum2 & ! editio pr9ceps has be5 facsimil$ by "o ( ! mod]n processes = ,hir? ( ,muni*1 z vol4 x4 ( ! ,liebhab]-,biblio!k1 #ahhd4dha ,sid5ote3 ,,beauty ,,& ,,dramatic ,,=ce ,^! woodcuts are among ! f9e/ manife/ations ( ,holbe9's art4 ,small z !y are1 !y h a l>g5ess ( design1 a dramatic =ce & f]tility ( inv5tion1 & a brilliance ( draughtsman%ip :i* place !m n only among ! greate/ a*ievem5ts ( ! arti/1 b ( ! c5tury 9 :i* he work$4 ,ea* little picture tells its tale & po9ts its moral ) ! utmo/ cle>ness1 & ! int]e/ nev] flags ?r\gh\t ! s]ies1 al?\gh ea* "o is m]ely a v>iation on a s+le !me4 ,detail !re is 9 pl5ty1 b x does n confuse ! ma9 action ( ! play1 b r helps to make ! mean+ :i* und]lies x /ill cle>]4 ,!re is n[h]e a l9e too mu* or too little4 ,! space to be fill$ is s small t ^! details are m9ute1 yet ,holbe9's l9e is s broad1 & 8 h& s un]r+1 t no?+ is confus$ or mean+less4 ,! spac+ ( ea* cut is ma/]ly1 s t !y produce ! effect ( a great design set =? on "s spaci\s canvas4 ,few z ! t\*es ( ! p5cil may be1 !y are suffici5t to give ea* small figure its own individual appe>ance & "*1 z ?\gh x 7 an actual portrait /udi$ f ! life1 :ile ! action is natural & unexagg]at$1 & well expresses ! p>ticul> emotion call$ =? 9 ea* sep>ate case by ! sudd5 & unexpect$ appe>ance ( ,dea?4 ,dea? is repres5t$ ?r\gh\t ! s]ies z a skeleton1 occasionally ) scanty1 tatt]$ g>m5ts1 & we>+ ! mo/ *>act]i/ic portions ( ! dress ( ! p>ticul> mortal he is ab\t to snat* f ! _w ( ! liv+4 ,?us1 9 ! woodcut ( ! ,pope1 ,dea? we>s a c>d9al's hat2 9 ! ,abbot he has a mitre on 8 head1 & c>ries a crosi] across 8 %\ld]2 & 9 ! ,knight he is dress$ 9 *a9 mail4 ,9 two ( ! pictures1 ! ,empress & ! ,nun1 ,dea? is repres5t$ z a woman1 & 9 sev]al !re are two skeletons :o seize or att5d ! victim4 ,9 8 repres5tation ( !m ,holbe9 displays little anatomical k1 b 9 spite ( ?is ! dead bones live1 & 9 _! movem5ts1 _! expression1 & _! sugge/ion ( ! grim horror ( dea?1 produce an effect ( vivid reality1 :i* c\ld n be bett]$ ev5 ?\gh he _h ?\ght fit to give !m great] sci5tific accuracy4 ,9 almo/ e case ,dea? greets 8 prey ) a mock+1 ironical gr91 & 9 mo/ in/ances1 too1 he comes quietly1 8 pres5ce unnotic$ by ^? ab\t to fall into 8 clut*es2 & ) natural1 unexagg]at$ movem5ts & actions he assumes ! pr9cipal "p 9 ! drama4 ,9 a few in/ances1 h[ev]1 he makes kn[n 8 pres5ce 9 a m aggressive mann]1 & seizes 8 victims ) su* viol5ce t !y cry al\d 9 t]ror or rage1 & /ruggle to break away f 8 m]ciless grip4 ,! victims :om he treats 9 ?is fa%ion are ^? :o h !mselves l$ viol5t lives4 ,8 action1 9 %ort1 is always appropriate to ! "* & worldly position ( ^? ^: days he is ab\t to cut %ort4 ,he comes always z a mock]1 & ! prevail+ note ( ! :ole s]ies is "o ( irony4 ,! fir/ f\r cuts =m1 z x 71 a preface to ! actual 8,dance ( ,dea?0 :i* foll[s4 ,! fir/ ( all repres5ts ! ,creation4 ,! ,almighty b5ds ov] ,adam1 :o lies asleep on a small isl& amid ! wat]s1 & draws ,eve f 8 side4 ,!n comes "o ( ,adam & ,eve 9 ,p>adise4 ,! s]p5t1 ) human head1 is tw9$ r\nd ! bran*es ( ! tree1 b5ea? :i* ,adam is rea*+ up to pluck ! fruit1 :ile ,eve is seat$ bel[1 lean+ aga9/ a rock4 ,all ar\nd !m1 z 9 ! fir/ %eet1 are animals--a /ag1 a %eep1 a goat1 a dog1 a monkey1 a rabbit1 a h$gehog1 a liz>d1 & s on--:ile 9 ! bran*es ( ! beautifully drawn tree are a numb] ( birds4 ,! ?ird cut repres5ts ! ,expulsion f ,p>adise1 ) ! angel ) ! flam+ sword fly+ 9 a cl\d ov] ! heads ( ! guilty c\ple4 ,9 ?is cut ,dea? makes 8 fir/ appe>ance4 ,play+ ^u 8 viol1 he leads ! way1 danc+ z he goes4 ,?is is "o ( ! few in/ances ?r\gh\t ! set 9 :i* ,holbe9 has s repres5t$ ,dea?2 9 mo/ ( ! illu/rations he does n foll[ at all closely ! e>li] wall-pa9t+s1 9 :i* ! liv+ & ! dead are %[n danc+ toge!r4 ,9 ! next sc5e ,adam is at "w cle>+ ! r\gh gr\nd1 ) ,dea? at 8 side help+ him to uproot a tree1 & ,eve seat$1 half nak$1 9 ! backgr\nd1 suckl+ h] *ild1 h] di/aff held across "o arm4 ,?is is foll[$ by a design head$ 9 ! pro( impressions 8,gebeyn all] ,m5s*50 7,bones ( all ,m571 a cr[d ( skeletons 9 front ( a *>nel-h\se1 ) drums1 trumpets1 & o!r musical in/rum5ts1 z ?\gh =m+ ! or*e/ra :i* is to provide ! music = ! play :i* is ab\t to foll[4 ,"s we> fanta/ic head-dresses1 & _! w9d+-%eets /ill hang ar\nd !m 9 tatt]s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,emp]or1 ,,& ,,o!rs ,! ,dance op5s ) ! ,pope ^u 8 ?rone1 :om ,dea? seizes z he is ab\t to place ! cr[n ^u ! head ( a k+ :o kneels to kiss 8 foot4 ,r\nd him /& high dignit>ies ( ! ,*ur*1 among :om is a second figure ( ,dea?1 a mock+ figure1 we>+ a c>d9al's hat surm\nt$ ) a cross1 & hold+ ano!r cross al(t4 ,9 ! curta9 ov] ! ?rone lurks a small devil or demon1 & a second1 hold+ a bull ) five seals1 flies ov] ! heads ( ! ecclesia/ics4 ,9 ?is ! satire is s bold t x 0 alt]$ 9 "s ( ! lat] editions ( ! book4 ,! ,emp]or 7,pl4 #ff 7#a771 too1 sits on 8 ?rone1 und]nea? a balda*9 support$ by ,r5aissance pill>s1 ! ,gold5 ,fleece across 8 %\ld]s1 ! sword ( ju/ice 9 8 h&1 & ! orb on a cu%ion at 8 feet4 ,he is surr\nd$ by 8 c\nsellors1 & on ! "r a poor man kneels dem&+ ju/ice4 ,! ,emp]or1 :o be>s a recognisable lik5ess to ,maximilian1 turns f him ) fr[n+ face t[>ds ! ri* oppressor1 :o attempts1 ) little success1 to excuse himself4 ,dea? has sprung ^u ! ?rone beh9d ! mon>*1 & is ab\t to te> ! imp]ial cr[n f 8 head4 ,on ! gr\nd is ! h\r-glass1 ) ! s& almo/ run out1 :i* is introduc$ into ne>ly all ! pictures4 ,! ,k+ 7,pl4 #ff 7#b771 :o sits at table )9 an op5 loggia1 is evid5tly int5d$ to repres5t ,francis ,i4 ,! face1 small z x is1 has a /rong resemblance to 8 portraits1 & ! curta9 beh9d 8 *air is patt]n$ ) ! lilies ( ,france4 ,! table is cr[d$ ) di%es1 among :i* /&s ! h\r-glass4 ,dea? m+les ) ! s]v+-m51 & p\rs w9e f a jug into a b[l = ! ,k+ to dr9k4 ,betwe5 ! pill>s ( ! room c be se5 ! h\ses ( ! city4 ,! ,c>d9al 7,pl4 #ff 7#c771 a di/+ui%$ figure1 sits among ! v9e-trees1 &1 j z he pres5ts a lett] ( indulg5ce to a kneel+ man1 ,dea?1 a grisly figure ) long wisps ( hair hang+ f skull & *91 te>s 8 hat f 8 head4 ,next comes ! ,empress 7,pl4 #ff 7#d771 walk+ 9 ! g>d5 9 front ( h] palace1 ) h] ladies ( hon\r ar\nd h]1 "o ( :om be>s h] tra94 ,dea?1 disguis$ z "o ( h] wom5 att5dants1 leads h] by ! arm to ! br9k ( an op5 grave1 ( :i* %e & ^? ) h] are q unconsci\s4 ,%e is foll[$ by ! ,que51 :om ,dea?1 9 ! motley ( a c\rt je/]1 seizes by "o h&1 & drags away1 :ile 9 ! o!r he holds 8 h\r-glass al(t4 ,%e %rieks al\d 9 t]ror1 :ile ! cavali] :o accompanies h] attempts to set h] free1 & h] maid-(-hon\r fl+s up h] arms 9 despair4 ,! sc5e takes place 9 front ( a ,r5aissance loggia1 ) op5 c\ntry & a village 9 ! di/ance4 ,! woodcut ( ! ,bi%op is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( ! designs4 ,dea? takes ! arm ( ! ag$ prelate & g5tly leads him away4 ,x illu/rates ! text3 8,i w smite ! %eph]d1 & ! %eep ( ! flock %all be scatt]$ abroad40 ,beh9d ! two *ief actors ! %eep & _! di/ract$ %eph]ds are se5 w&]+ 9 all directions4 ,! backgr\nd is a v picturesque l&scape ) high m\nta9s1 on "o ( :i* rises a ca/le1 & ! we/]n sun1 fill+ ! sky ) light1 is j s9k+ beh9d _! cre/s4 ,next comes ! ,duke ) 8 ret9ue1 ( :om a poor woman ) h] *ild begs alms1 & z he turns 8 head away 9 refusal1 ,dea?1 cr[n$ ) a wrea? ( v9e-leaves1 rea*es =w>d z ?\gh to pluck 8 erm9e cape f 8 %\ld]s4 ,und]nea? a tree1 9 ! bran*es ( :i* is plac$ ! h\r-glass1 ! same grim skeleton1 ) mitre on head & crozi] on %\ld]1 seizes ! fat ,abbot by ! robes1 & pulls him aft] him1 8 victim va9ly prote/+1 & /riv+ to hurl 8 brevi>y at 8 attack]'s head4 ,9 simil> fa%ion he drags along ! ,abbess by h] scapul>y f ! conv5t gateway ) its little belfry4 ,%e cries al\d 9 h] t]ror1 clut*+ h] beads 9 h] clasp$ & trembl+ h&s1 :ile ! port]ess jo9s 9 h] lam5tations1 rais+ h] arms to heav54 ,! ,nobleman %[s less fe> :5 8 "t comes4 ,he fl\ri%es 8 long sword ov] 8 head1 & attempts at ! same "t to pu% away ,dea?1 :o drags him t[>ds a bi] on ! gr\nd ) ! h\r-glass re/+ ^u x4 ,9 /rik+ contra/ to ! viol5ce ( ?is sc5e is ! foll[+ "o ( ! ,canon or ,preb5d>y1 :o is ent]+ a *ur*1 att5d$ by 8 falcon]1 8 je/]1 & 8 page4 ,dea?1 we>+ a hood1 walks quietly by 8 side1 hold+ 8 h\r-glass 9 front ( him1 z ?\gh to %[ ! worldly *ur*man1 ^: face is n visible1 t ! s&s h ne>ly run out4 ,! unju/ ,judge /ret*es out 8 h& to receive a bribe f ! ri* man1 :ile ! poor petition] on ! o!r side is ignor$2 b ,dea?1 unnotic$1 /&s on a l$ge beh9d 8 *air & breaks 9 two ! ,judge's /aff4 ,! next picture h>ps ^u ! same !me4 ,! ,advocate 7,pl4 #ff 7#e77 is receiv+ 8 fee f a weal?y citiz5 :om he has help$ 9 despoil+ a poor man1 :o /&s ) clasp$ h&s 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,dea? ?ru/s himself betwe5 !m1 h\r-glass held al(t1 & drops into ! ,advocate's op5 h& a few gold co9s4 ,! action takes place 9 a /reet ( gabl$ h\ses & cobbl$ pavem5ts1 a transcript ( a corn] ( ,basel ( ,holbe9's own day4 ,! ,c\nsellor 7,pl4 #ff 7#f771 9 8 furr$ g[n & cap1 is also %[n 9 ! /reet1 deep 9 consultation ) a nobleman1 & oblivi\s to ! entreaties ( a man clad 9 rags1 :o1 hat 9 h&1 t\*es him on ! %\ld] to attract 8 att5tion4 ,p]*$ ^u ! ,advocate's back1 a little w+$ devil ) curly tail bl[s into 8 e> ) a small pair ( bell[s2 :ile ,dea?1 z a sexton1 lies at 8 feet1 ) spade & h\r-glass1 ready to trip him up4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ff4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,dea? ,,woodcuts #a4 ,,! ,,emp]or #b4 ,,! ,,k+ #c4 ,,! ,,c>d9al #d4 ,,! ,,empress ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,illu/ration3 #e4 ,,! ,,advocate #f4 ,,! ,,c\nsellor #g4 ,,! ,,prea*] #h4 ,,! ,,prie/ ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,prea*]1 ,,prie/1 ,,nun1 ,,& ,,o!rs ,"o ( ! mo/ beautiful designs ( ! s]ies %[s ! ,prea*] 7,pl4 #ff 7#g77 9 8 pulpit1 exp\nd+ a false doctr9e :i* he believes to be ! true "o1 8 h&s held =? 9 exhortation4 ,beh9d him /&s ! o!r prea*]1 ,dea?1 we>+ a /ole1 & ) a jaw-bone uprais$ ov] ! unhe$+ victim's head z ?\gh ab\t to /rike him d[n4 ,! memb]s ( 8 congregation1 "s /&+1 "s seat$ on l[ /ools1 gaze upw>ds ) close att5tion1 except "o :o has fall5 asleep ) 8 head aga9/ ! pulpit base4 ,bo? ! prea*] & sev]al ( 8 li/5]s1 especially ! woman seat$ 9 ! front on ! "r1 are v expressive figures1 & are drawn ) ma/]ly precision4 ,next comes ! ,prie/ 7,pl4 #ff 7#h771 "o ( ! few ( ,dea?'s victims :om ,holbe9 has depict$ )\t a t\* ( irony or satire4 ,he passes along ! /reet 9 8 robes1 be>+ ! sacram5t to ! b$side ( "s dy+ man1 prec$$ by ,dea?1 :o acts z 8 sacri/an1 ) bell & lant]n1 8 h\r-glass tuck$ "u 8 arm4 ,v diff]5t is ,dea?'s treatm5t ( ! ,m5dicant ,fri>1 :om he seizes r\ghly by ! hood1 j z he is ab\t to ent] 8 mona/]y ) well-fill$ box & begg+-bag4 ,!re is bitt] satire1 too1 9 ! picture ( ! ,nun1 kneel+ 9 front ( ! alt> 9 h] cell1 b h] head turn$ beh9d h] t[>ds ! "y gallant :o sits on ! edge ( h] b$ & plays 8 lute4 ,beh9d !m ,dea?1 9 ! guise ( an old hag1 /ret*es =? a h& to ext+ui% ! alt> c&les4 ,two skeletons accompany ! ,old ,woman1 :o tott]s along a r\gh road by ! aid ( a /ick1 tell+ h] ros>y z %e goes4 ,"o ( !m dances 9 front1 play+ ) two /icks a musical in/rum5t slung f 8 %\ld]s1 :ile ! o!r1 cr[n$ ) a wrea?1 & a malici\s gr9 ^u 8 fle%less face1 takes h] by ! arm1 & dances by h] side4 ,to ! ,physician 9 8 *amb] ,dea? leads an old man brok5 d[n 9 heal?1 & at ! same "t w>ns him t 8 h\r1 too1 has come4 ,a dog is curl$ up asleep 9 ! =egr\nd1 & ov] ! ,physician's head is a %elf ) books & glass wat]-bottles z 9 ,holbe9's portrait ( ,erasmus 9 ,long=d ,ca/le4 ,! sett+ ( ! ,a/rolog] is "o ( ! mo/ effective & elaborate ( ! s]ies4 ,8 *air & ! circul> table1 cov]$ ) books & ma!matical in/rum5ts1 at :i* he sits1 are ri*ly c>v$ & ornam5t$4 ,he is gaz+ at a cele/ial globe :i* hangs ov] 8 head1 :ile ,dea? /rives to attract 8 att5tion by hold+ a skull = 8 inspection4 ,! ,ri* ,man1 9 a gloomy *amb] ) a w9d[ ) heavy d\ble b>s1 sits surr\nd$ by 8 money-*e/s & bags1 a heap ( gold spread be=e him on ! table4 ,he spr+s up 9 a fury ( ang] at ! sight ( ,dea?1 p]*$ on a /ool & fill+ a l>ge b[l ) money f ! heap4 ,x is z bitt] to him to lose 8 weal? z 8 life4 ,equally furi\s is ! feel+ display$ by ! ,m]*ant1 ^u :om ,dea? p\nces1 seiz+ him by bo? hair & cloak1 at ! mom5t :5 he is exam9+ & *eck+ 8 bales & b>rels ( m]*&ise :i* h j be5 un%ipp$ on ! quay4 ,a companion1 a be>d$ man1 cries out 9 fe>1 ) uplift$ h&s4 ,beh9d !m ! ma/s & sp>s ( ! %ips 9 ! h>b\r /& out aga9/ ! sky4 ,t]ror1 too1 is ! keynote ( ! ,m>9]4 ,! /orm is rag+ viol5tly1 ! w9d h[ls1 & ! waves da% ov] ! %ip4 ,! great] "p ( ! sail has bl[n away1 & ! sailors h ab&on$ all hope1 & wr+ _! h&s 9 t]ror1 z ,dea? clamb]s ov] ! side & snaps ! ma/ 9 two4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,dea? ,,woodcuts #a4 ,,! ,,old ,,man #b4 ,,! ,,c\ntess #c4 ,,! ,,noble ,,lady #d4 ,,! ,,du*ess ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,illu/ration3 #e4 ,,! ,,pl\ghman #f4 ,,! ,,"y ,,*ild #g4 ,,! ,,la/ ,,judgm5t #h4 ,,! ,,arms ,,( ,,dea? ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,du*ess1 ,,& ,,o!rs ,"s ( ! f9e/ designs are to be f\nd among ! rema9+ woodcuts4 ,dea?1 clad 9 *a9 mail1 runs a lance ?r\gh ! body ( ! ,knight1 a man 9 full arm\r1 ) huge plumes 9 8 helmet1 :o gives a la/ despair+ cry & attempts to /rike d[n 8 enemy ) 8 sword4 ,a l[-ly+ l&scape /ret*es out 9 ! di/ance1 lit up by ! rays ( ! fa/-s9k+ sun4 ,! ,c\nt has little ( ! ,knight's brav]y4 ,he clasps 8 h&s 9 t]ror z ,dea?1 disguis$ z a peasant1 ) 8 flail flung on ! gr\nd1 prep>es to /rike him d[n ) 8 own h]aldic escut*eon4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,old ,man 7,pl4 #fg 7#a771 b5t ) ! weight ( ye>s1 tott]+ d[n 8 g>d5 ) ! help ( a ?ick /ick1 f9ds 9 ,dea? no?+ b a k9dly companion1 :o leads him g5tly by ! h& to ! edge ( a deep grave dug 9 ! turf1 :ile ) ! o!r h& he plays a dulcim]4 ,! ,c\ntess 7,pl4 #fg 7#b77 9 h] *amb]1 to :om h] maid is h&+ a sumptu\s dress1 is help$ 9 h] toilet by ,dea?1 :o fixes r\nd h] %\ld]s a necklace ( dead m5's bones4 ,! ,nobleman's ,wife 7,pl4 #fg 7#c77 walks along h& 9 h& ) h] husb&1 :o gazes on h] ) affection1 oblivi\s to all else1 :ile a gr9n+ skeleton prec$es !m1 beat+ vigor\sly on 8 drum4 ,! woodcut ( ! ,du*ess 7,pl4 #fg 7#d77 is ! "o :i* ,ltzelburg] has sign$ ) 8 initials 9 an escut*eon on ! foot ( ! b$po/4 ,! lady1 fully dress$1 spr+s up f h] sleep 9 fright1 z ,dea? at ! end ( ! b$ te>s ! cov]let f h]4 ,a second skeleton plays ! fiddle1 :ile h] greyh\nd cr\*es t]rifi$ on ! floor4 ,dea? is also accompani$ by a music-mak+ comrade :5 he enc\nt]s ! ,p$l> ) 8 heavily-lad5 pack on 8 back1 & clut*es him by ! sleeve4 ,once aga9 he comes 9 ! guise ( a fri5d to ! old & we>y ,pl\ghman 7,pl4 #fg 7#e771 9 rags & b>efoot$1 8 hair /raggl+ ?r\gh 8 brok5 hat4 ,dea? helps him 9 pl\gh+ ! la/ furr[1 & flogs =w>d ! worn-out team ( ?9 & mis]able horses4 ,at ! end ( ! field ) its long pl\gh$ l9es a delightful l&scape lies /ret*$1 ) ! h\ses ( a village ne/l+ among ! trees1 ! *ur* t[] ris+ f ! hillside on "o ( ! l[] spurs ( ! ,swiss m\nta9s1 ! :ole peaceful sc5e flood$ ) ! light ( ! sett+ sun4 ,?is backgr\nd is1 p]haps1 ! mo/ beautiful ( all1 & yet its lovely effect is produc$ ) ! simple/ means4 ,! long li/ ( ,dea?'s victims concludes ) ! ,"y ,*ild 7,pl4 #fg 7#f771 :om he leads by ! h& ?r\gh ! doorway ( a mis]able1 half-ru9$ cottage1 ) brok5 ro( op5 to all wea!rs4 ,! *ild turns back 9 t]ror1 its free h& /ret*$ t[>ds its "m1 :o kneels /irr+ ! pot on ! scanty fire1 ! smoke ( :i* half fills ! room4 ,bo? %e & an old] *ild gaze aft] ! little "o ) m\? wide op5 9 a/oni%m5t & fe>1 & h&s uplift$ to head4 ,! orig9al s]ies concludes ) two cuts1 "o repres5t+ ! ,la/ ,judgm5t 7,pl4 #fg 7#g771 ) ,*ri/ en?ron$ on ! ra9b[ ov] ! cele/ial globe1 ) ! sa9ts ar\nd him1 & d[n bel[ a cr[d ( m5 & wom5 newly ris5 f ! grave2 & ! o!r %[+ ! ,arms ( ,dea? 7,pl4 #fg 7#h771 :i* recalls1 9 its arrangem5t1 m ?an "o ( ,holbe9's designs = pa9t$ glass4 ,! %ield1 on :i* is plac$ a skull1 ) a worm hang+ f its jaws1 is %att]$ & torn 9 places1 z ?\gh fa%ion$ f a great bone :i* has m\ld]$ 9 ! grave4 ,a tatt]$ w9d+-%eet is drap$ r\nd x1 & x is surm\nt$ by a helmet ) an h\r-glass = a cre/1 f ! base ( :i* two skeleton arms grasp+ a l>ge /one are rais$ al(t4 ,! support]s are a man & woman 9 ! ri* co/ume ( ,holbe9's day1 ea* ( :om re/s a h& on ! escut*eon1 ! latt] gaz+ d[n at x1 :ile ! =m] po9ts to ! skeleton arms & looks t[>ds ! spectator z ?\gh to urge him to rememb] t dea? is ! end ( all ?+s4 ,9 ! backgr\nd rise ! peaks ( ! ,alps b5ea? a cl\dy sky4 ,dr4 ,woltmann saw 9 ^! two figures lik5esses ( ,holbe9 & 8 wife1 b !y evid5tly repres5t p]sonages 9 a high] sph]e ( life4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,waggon] ,,& ,,o!rs ,! eight additional subjects :i* 7 includ$ 9 ! edition ( #aede 71 ) possibly "o exception1 design$ by ,holbe91 & x seems almo/ c]ta9 t ! cutt+ ( mo/1 if n all1 ( ! blocks _h be5 begun by ,ltzelburg]1 & t !y 7 s5t to ,lyon aft] 8 dea? 9 #aebf1 z "p ( ! commission he _h receiv$ f ! ,tre*sels4 ,! fir/ ( !m repres5ts ! ,soldi]1 :o is attack+ ,dea? ) 8 two-h&$ sword4 ,! latt] is arm$ ) a great bone & a circul> %ield4 ,! gr\nd b5ea? !m is /rewn ) ! dead & dy+1 & ov] ! hills 9 ! backgr\nd comes ru%+ a body ( soldi]s1 ) a second skeleton beat+ a drum z he leads ! *>ge4 ,next we h ! ,game/]1 seat$ at table ) two comrades4 ,dea? clut*es him by ! ?roat1 & a devil seizes him by ! hair4 ,"o ( ! p>ty is c\nt+ 8 ga9s1 & c>ds are /rewn ov] ! floor4 ,?is is foll[$ by ! ,drunk>d1 a sc5e ) m5 & wom5 9 ! middle ( a disord]ly c>\se1 among :om ,dea? /alks1 &1 pull+ back ! head ( "o ( !m1 a gross & bloat$ old man1 p\rs w9e d[n 8 ?roat f a tank>d4 ,! ,fool dances ov] ! r\gh gr\nd1 "o f+] 9 8 m\?1 & a long bladd] grasp$ 9 ! o!r h&1 z ?\gh ab\t to /rike at ,dea?1 :o1 fall+ into 8 hum\r1 dances by 8 side to ! music ( ! bagpipes he is play+4 ,! ,robb]1 hidd5 9 ! recesses ( a wood1 is spr++ f beh9d ! trees 9 ord] to snat* ! m>ket-basket f ! head ( a b>efoot$ woman :o passes by z night is fall+1 b ,dea? has him by ! neck be=e he c accompli% 8 purpose4 ,9 ! next sc5e he is lead+ ! ,bl9d ,man by 8 /ick t[>ds ! wat] into :i* ! next /ep or two w plunge him2 & !n comes ! ,waggon]1 ! woodcut :i* 9 ! preface is m5tion$ by "n z ! "o :i* ! engrav] left unf9i%$4 ,vauzelles' description ( x is n 9 complete accord ) ! f9i%$ block4 ,! driv] is n cru%$ b5ea? 8 waggon1 b /&s ) h&s clasp$ ov] 8 head1 & a look ( m+l$ fe> & con/]nation on 8 face4 ,! horse )9 ! %afts has fall5 on ! side ( a /eep hill1 & ! c>t ) its great b>rels is ov]turn$4 ,dea? spr+s up beh9d1 & untwi/s ! /ick by :i* ! cord :i* fa/5s ! b>rel is kept taut4 ,a second skeleton c>ries away "o ( ! waggon :eels1 :i* has be5 brok5 (f4 ,! conclud+ design %[s ! ,begg>1 lame & bl9d1 & almo/ nude1 seat$ among ! /raw & rubbi% 9 front ( "s ri* man's h\se1 8 h&s rais$ z ?\gh implor+ ,dea? to come = him2 b he is ! only "o f :om ,dea? keeps alo(4 ,?is block1 z already not$1 is s badly cut t x is n easy to say ) c]ta9ty :e!r ,holbe9 0 ! design] ( x4 ,9 ! 8,"y ,wife0 ( ! #aefb edition1 ,dea? is danc+ z he leads h] away 9 te>s1 :ile !y are prec$$ by a gaily dress$ gallant :o plays a guit>4 ,9 ! companion cut1 ,dea? also dances1 & bl[s a trumpet1 z he drags (f ! 8,"y ,husb&0 by ! corn] ( 8 cloak4 ,9 ! backgr\nd is a ru9$ build+4 ,x w\ld be difficult to f9d a happi] p>tn]%ip ?an t :i* exi/$ betwe5 ! design] & ! engrav] ( ?is great ,dance4 ,ltzelburg] has reproduc$ ,holbe9's dramatic /ory ) ! utmo/ sympa?y & und]/&+1 & f a te*nical po9t ( view ! cutt+ comes z ne> p]fection z possible4 ,holbe9's delicate & expressive l9e is reta9$ almo/ unimpair$1 & !re is no pret5ti\s elaboration ( detail m]ely to %[ ! skill ( ! woodcutt]4 ,) ! simple/ me?ods--) sp>+ use ( cross-hat*+ = ! indication ( light & %ade--me?ods be/ suit$ to ! mat]ial us$1 ! mo/ beautiful results h be5 obta9$1 = :i* design] & engrav] mu/ %>e ! praise4 ,s admirably are ^! cuts execut$1 says ,*atto1 8) s mu* feel+ & ) s mu* k ( ! capabilities ( ! art1 t ,i d n ?9k any wood-engrav] ( ! pres5t "t is capable ( surpass+ !m4 ,! mann] 9 :i* !y are engrav$ is comp>atively simple3 !re is no lab\r$ & unnecess>y cross-hat*+ :]e ! same effect might be obta9$ by simpl] means2 no display ( f9e "w m]ely to %[ ! arti/'s tal5t 9 cutt+ delicate l9es4 ,e l9e is expressive2 & ! end is always obta9$ by ! simple/ means4 ,9 ?is ! tal5t & feel+ ( ! engrav] are *iefly display$4 ,he wa/es n 8 "t 9 m]e me*anical execution--:i* 9 ! pres5t day is (t5 mi/ak5 = excell5ce2--he endeav\rs to give to ea* "* its appropriate expression2 & 9 ?is he appe>s to h succe$$ bett]1 consid]+ ! small size ( ! cuts1 ?an any o!r wood-engrav]1 ei!r ( times pa/ or pres5t40#dhb ,9 ?is great "w 89 little0 ,holbe9's imag9ation f\nd its fulle/ & mo/ expressive play1 & x is small wond]1 !re=e1 t ! ,dance soon ga9$ a wide popul>ity4 ,almo/ f ! beg9n+ x appe>s to h be5 well kn[n z ,holbe9's "w1 & num]\s ref]5ces to x occur 9 contempor>y lit]ature4 ,! le>n$ ,conrad ,gesn]1 ( ,zri*1 a y\ng] contempor>y ( ! arti/1 expressly ascribes x to him 9 8 ,p>titiones ,!ologic1 c41 publi%$ 9 #aedi4 ,! passage runs3 8,imag9es ,mortis express ab optimo pictore ,johanne ,holbe9 cum epigrammatibus ,georgii mylii1 excus ,franc(urti et ,lugduni apud ,frellonios1 quorum editio plures habet picturas4 ,vidi etiam cum metris ,gallicis et ,g]manicis1 si b5e mem9i40 ,van ,m&]1 ^: ,het ,s*ild] ,boek 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #afjd1 includes ! ,dance among ,holbe9's works2 & ,joa*im von ,s&r>t1 9 8 ,life ( ! arti/1 tells a *>m+ /ory :i* indicates 9 h[ high an e/imation ,holbe9's designs 7 held j "o hundr$ ye>s aft] he drew !m on ! wood4 ,s&r>t1 :o 0 a pupil ( ,g]>d ,hon?or/ at ,utre*t1 says3 8,i rememb] t 9 ! ye> #afbg1 :5 ! celebrat$ ,rub5s 0 proce$+ to ,utre*t to visit ,hon?or/1 ,i accompani$ him z f> z ,am/]dam2 & dur+ our passage 9 ! boat ,i look$ into ,holbe9's little book ( ! ,dance ( ,dea?1 ! cuts ( :i* ,rub5s highly prais$1 recomm5d+ me1 z ,i 0 a "y man1 to copy !m1 obs]v+ t he _h copi$ !m himself 9 8 y\?40 ,s&r>t 0 !n a "y man ( tw5ty1 & 0 on 8 way to ,engl& ) 8 ma/]4 8,& aft] ?is10 he adds1 8,rub5s held a beautiful & laudatory disc\rse almo/ ! :ole way ^u ,holbe91 ,dr]1 & o!r old ,g]man pa9t]s40#dhc ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fh4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dance ,,( ,,dea? ,,alphabet ,f pro( 9 ! ,royal ,pr9t ,cab9et1 ,dresd5 ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,dance ,,( ,,dea?0 ,,alphabet ,holbe9's ,alphabet ( ,dea? 7,pl4 #fh71dhd also engrav$ by ,ltzelburg]1 displays all ! inv5tive p[] & dramatic feel+ ( ! l>g] ,dance4 ,^! dim9utive in*-squ>e lett]s %[ ! engrav]'s wond]ful delicacy ( cutt+1 & 8 p[] ( reproduc+ ! arti/'s designs 9 almo/ _! full beauty & =ce4 ,mu* ( ! space 9 ea* "o ( !m is occupi$ by ! pla9 ,roman lett] itself1 beh9d :i* ! subject is arrang$1 & ,holbe9 has succe$$ 9 plac+ 8 m9ute figures s +5i\sly t ! action is n conceal$ by ! lett]s to an ext5t detrim5tal to ! cle>ness ( ! /ory4 ,isolat$ examples ( ! use ( ^! lett]s 9 pr9t$ books occur z e>ly z #aebd1 ! lett] ,n appe>+ 9 ! ,greek ,new ,te/am5t issu$ by ,bebelius 9 t ye>1 & a numb] ( !m are to be f\nd 9 ! publications ( sev]al ,basel pr9t]s f #aebe onw>ds4 ,?is proves t ! ,alphabet 0 design$ at ab\t ! same "t1 if n be=e1 ! ,dance4 ,! subjects ( ! tw5ty-f\r lett]s 7,j & ,u are n includ$7 are1 ) few exceptions1 ! same z 9 ! l>g] woodcuts1 al?\gh 9 mo/ cases !y are treat$ diff]5tly4 ,x is possible t ,holbe91 9 draw+ ^! lett]s on ! blocks1 became s fasc9at$ ) 8 !me1 & delight$ ) ! skill ( 8 engrav]1 t he det]m9$ to c>ry x /ill fur!r1 & on a m important scale1 9 :i* ! play ( 8 poetic & ironic fancy c\ld f9d ev5 wid] scope1 )\t ! hamp]+ pres5ce ( ! lett]s !mselves4 ,! backgr\nds ( ! ,alphabet are pla91 b 9 ! m ?an quadrupl$ space :i* ! size ( ! ,dance woodcuts p]mitt$1 he 0 able to add _m details :i* help$ to po9t 8 moral & tell 8 tale m vividly1 & also ^? wond]ful backgr\nds1 l&scapes1 /reet sc5es1 ! int]iors ( palaces1 (fices1 & hovels1 :i* =m s *>m+ & *>act]i/ic a "p ( ea* little picture4 ,! small] s]ies beg9s1 l ! ,dance1 ) ! conc\rse ( skeletons play+ weird music = ! danc]s :o foll[1 f ! ,pope 9 ! lett] ,b d[n to ! ,"y ,*ild 9 ! lett] ,y4 ,9 c]ta9 in/ances1 su* z ! ,bi%op 7,h71 ! ,monk 7,o71 ! ,soldi] 7,p71 ! ,fool 7,r71 & ! ,gambl]s 7,x71 ! action has a close resemblance to t 9 ! cuts deal+ ) ! same *>act]s 9 ! ,dance1 ?\gh diff]+ 9 slight details4 ,?us ! ,fool 9 ! ,alphabet we>s cap & bells1 & ,dea?1 in/ead ( danc+ ) him & play+ ! pipes1 is seiz+ him viol5tly by ! %\ld]4 ,9 a numb] ( ! lett]s two skeletons are %[n1 & !y are occasionally aid$ by a small devil4 ,! little *ild is torn f ! cradle 9 ! sight ( its agonis$ "m1 ! ,que5 is dragg$ away by a rope r\nd h] neck1 ! ,nun is l$ (f g5tly by ! h&1 ) head d[nca/1 & ! ,drunk>d1 prone on ! gr\nd1 has 8 la/ draught p\r$ r\ghly d[n 8 ?roat1 :ile ! second skeleton seizes him by ! leg z ?\gh to pull him up4 ,?ree new subjects are introduc$ into ! s]ies3 ! ,c\rtesan1 :om ,dea?1 we>+ ! high hat ( a gallant1 closely embraces1 :ile 8 companion crawls away on 8 h&s & knees1 ! h\r-glass balanc$ grotesquely on 8 back2 ! ,h]mit1 :o is l$ g5tly f 8 cell1 & ! ,horseman1 beh9d ^: back ,dea? has sprung4 ,! lett] ,z conta9s a reproduction ( ! ,la/ ,judgm5t conceiv$ 9 a simil> fa%ion to ! woodcut ( ! ,dance4 ,! inclusion 9 ?is ,alphabet ( ! ,fool1 ! ,soldi]1 & ! ,gambl]s1 :o appe> = ! fir/ "t 9 ! #aede edition ( ! ,dance1 aft] ! dea? ( bo? arti/ & engrav]1 & ! simil>ity ( ! conception 9 bo? s]ies1 af=d fur!r pro( t ! new subjects add$ to ! ,dance sev5 ye>s aft] x 0 fir/ publi%$ 7 drawn by ,holbe9 on ! blocks1 al?\gh portions ( ! cutt+ ( !m 7 probably ! "w ( "s o!r h& ?an ,ltzelburg]'s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,e>ly ,,editions ,,( ,,! ,,woodcuts ,! ?ird great "w 9 :i* ^! two ma/]s collaborat$ 0 ! s]ies ( woodcut illu/rations to ! ,old ,te/am5t1#dhe fir/ publi%$1 l ! ,dance ( ,dea?1 at ,lyon by ! bro!rs ,tre*sel1 & 9 ! same ye>1 #aech4 ,! total numb] ( ^! woodcuts is n9ety-"o1 b ! :ole ( !m are n includ$ 9 ! e>li] editions4 ,! fir/ issue 7#aech7 conta9s eighty-eight ( !m1 ! r>e 8,fall0 7#a71 8,na?an rebuk+ ,david0 7#dj71 & 8,isaiah lam5t+ ov] ,j]usalem0 7#gb7 be+ abs5t4 ,9 ! second edition 7#aeci7 only ! fir/ ( ! s]ies1 8,! ,fall0 is miss+4 ,9 addition to ^! illu/rations1 ! fir/ f\r woodcuts ( ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0--! ,creation1 ! ,temptation1 ! ,expulsion1 & ,adam till+ ! ,gr\nd--7 borr[$ f t publication1 & plac$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! new "o4 ,! ,bible cuts1 :i* v>y slightly 9 _! dim5sions1 are ( diff]5t =m1 be+ oblong & almo/ d\ble ! size ( ^? ( ! ,dance4 ,!y 7 issu$ z a small qu>to picture-book1 in/ead ( be+ includ$1 z 0 probably ! arti/'s or ! engrav]'s orig9al int5tion1 z illu/rations to an edition ( ! ,bible4 ,9 ! same ye>1 h[ev]1 z ! fir/ issue ( ! book1 !y 7 us$ = ! latt] purpose1 ! complete set ( n9ety-"o appe>+ 9 a ,lat9 edition ( ! ,bible produc$ by ano!r ,lyon pr9t]1 ,hugo a ,porta1 ?\gh ) ! impr9t ( ! ,tre*sels4 ,! title ( ! fir/ edition is z foll[s3 8,hi/ori>um vet]is ,in/rum5ti ,icones ad vivum express4 ,una cum brevi s$ quoad fi]i potuit1 dilucida e>undem expositione4 ,lugduni1 sub scuto ,coloni5si4 ,m4,d4,,xxxviii40 ,! title-page conta9s an emblematic cut almo/ exactly simil> to ! "o 9 ! ,dance1 & ) ! same motto1 8,usus me g5uit40 ,! impr9t at ! end is also ! same1 ) ! names ( ,mel*ior & ,gasp> ,tre*sel1 & ! date4 ,! address to ! read] is sign$ 8,franciscus ,frellu0 9 ! fir/ two editions1 b 9 subsequ5t issues ! surname 0 giv5 z 8,frellonius40 ,?is seems to indicate t ! ,frellons 7 already associat$ ) ! ,tre*sels 9 ! bus9ess1 ( :i* !y %ortly aft]w>ds obta9$ full control1 ! ?ird edition 7#aedc7 ( ! ,old ,te/am5t illu/rations be+ publi%$ 9 _! "n1 8apud ,joannem et ,franciscum ,frellonios fratres10 & f ! same address1 8sub scuto ,coloni5si40 ,*atto#dhf sugge/s t !y 7 ! actual publi%]s ( ! fir/ editions ( bo? ! ,bible cuts & ! ,dance1 b = reasons ( policy1 connect$ ) ! satirical nature ( ! subject-matt] ( ! designs1 _! names 7 )held until ! success ( ! two publications 0 assur$4 ,!re is no m5tion ( ,holbe9's "n 9 ! fir/ edition1 b a ye> lat]1 9 ! second1 ! publi%]'s address is foll[$ by a set ( ,lat9 v]ses by ,holbe9's fri5d1 ,nicolas ,b\rbon1 ! ,fr5* poet1 9 :i* ! arti/'s "n1 z ! au?or ( ^! designs1 is c\pl$ ) ,apelles1 ,zeuxis1 & o!r fam\s pa9t]s ( classical times1 :om he is said 9 all ways to eclipse4 ,o!r v]ses 9 ,fr5* 7 add$1 f ! p5 ( ,gilles ,corrozet1 :i* =m m or less a rhym+ p>aphrase ( ,frellon's address1 9 :i* ! read] is exhort$ to avoid s$uctive pa9t+s ( ,v5us1 ,diana1 ,hel51 ,dido1 & o!r ladies celebrat$ 9 fable & poetry1 & to turn in/ead to ^? sacr$ pictures tak5 f ! ,holy ,scriptures1 f ! /udy ( :i* f> great] pr(it is to be obta9$4 ,corrozet1 no d\bt1 0 also responsible = ! ,fr5* explanatory v]se :i*1 toge!r ) ! appropriate ,lat9 text1 accompani$ ea* woodcut1 j z he 0 ! au?or ( ! 8descriptions sev]em5t ri?mes0 ( ! ,dance ( ,dea?4 ,!re is no ne$ to give a li/ ( ! lat] editions1 :i* are almo/ z num]\s z ^? ( ! ,dance4 ,an ,engli% edition 0 publi%$ 9 #aedi1 ) ! title--8,! ,images ( ! old ,te/am5t1 lately express$1 set =! 9 ,yngli%e & ,fr5*e ) a playn & brief exposition4 ,pr9t$ at ,lyons by ,joh9 ,frellon1 ! y]e ( our ,"l ,god1 #aedi40 ,^! illu/rations 7 drawn on ! blocks by ,holbe9 at ab\t ! same date z ! ,dance ( ,dea? pictures4 ,?is is prov$ n only f ! fact t a numb] ( !m 7 engrav$ by ,ltzelburg]1 & t 9 /yle & composition !y closely resemble ! 8,todt5tanz0 & o!r ,basel designs by ,holbe9 be=e 8 dep>ture = ,engl& 9 #aebf1 b also because copies ( m ?an half ( !m are to be f\nd 9 ! ,bible publi%$ by ,fros*ov] 9 ,zri* 9 #aeca1 %[+ t at lea/ pro(s ( !m 7 well kn[n among ,swiss publi%]s long be=e !y 7 issu$ 9 book =m 9 ,lyon4 ,!re is a pro( impression ( ! :ole s]ies 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 on %eets pr9t$ only on "o side1 :i* 0 probably /ruck (f imm$iately aft] ! blocks 7 complet$4 ,x beg9s ) ! v r>e 8,fall10 :i* o!rwise only appe>s 9 ,hugo a ,porta's ,bible ( #aech1 be+ miss+ 9 all editions 9 :i* ! pictures appe> alone1 its place be+ tak5 9 ! latt] by ! f\r introductory %eets borr[$ f ! ,dance ( ,dea?4 ,! two o!r woodcuts already not$ z miss+ f ! fir/ edition 7,nos4 #dj & #gb71 & abs5t1 too1 f ! ,lat9 ,bible1 are also to be f\nd among ! ,basel pro( impressions4 ,9 "o in/ance1 ! 8,david & ,uriah0 7,no4 #ci7 !re are two v]sions among ^! pro(s1 9 "o ( :i* a backgr\nd ( wall1 w9d[1 & curta9 is introduc$1 b s badly engrav$ t x 0 evid5tly decid$ to ab&on or alt] ! block 9 fav\r ( ! second v]sion1 9 :i* ! two figures are %[n aga9/ a pla91 :ite surface4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ! illu/rations 7 engrav$ by ,ltzelburg]1 b side by side ) !m are o!rs :i* are ! "w ( a f> less skilful h& or h&s4 ,9 "o or two in/ances1 su* z ! 8,joel0 7,no4 #hf7 & ! 8,ze*>iah0 7,no4 #ij71 ! workman%ip is s rude t x is difficult to say ) c]ta9ty t !y are bas$ on ,holbe9's own designs4 ,woltmann sugge/s t ^! woodcuts 7 orig9ally commission$ by ,adam ,petri1 ) ! int5tion ( us+ !m to illu/rate lat] editions ( 8 ,g]man ,old ,te/am5t1 b t on acc\nt ( ! acute religi\s /rife :i* !n exi/$ 9 ,basel1 x 0 ?\ght advisable to hold !m 9 res]ve4#dhg ,ev5 ?\gh ,holbe9's "n _h be5 )held f ^! designs1 z x 0 f ! ,dance ( ,dea?1 8 au?or%ip ( !m w\ld /ill rema9 und\bt$1 = 9 /yle & me?od !y are 9 exact agreem5t ) ! ,dance woodcuts1 & c]ta9 ( ! figures recall ! /ill e>li] 8,praise ( ,folly0 draw+s4 ,! *ildr5 9 "s ( ^! ,bible cuts1 su* z ^? :o je] at ! ,fool 7,no4 #fi1 ,psalm lii471 ^? among ! captive ,midianites 7,no4 #bf1 ,numb]s xxxi471 & ^? mock+ ,eli%a 7,no4 #dg1 #b ,k+s ii471 all delightfully sympa!tic little figures1 h ! close/ resemblance to ! *ildr5 9 ! ,duke or ,elector1 & ! ,"y ,*ild woodcuts ( ! ,dance4 ,! same resemblances are to be se5 betwe5 _m ( ! o!r figures1 "s ( :i* /ill reta9 t /ump9ess :i* m>k$ 8 del9eation ( ! human =m at t "t1 & 9 ! m9or details1 su* z ! repres5tation ( smoke & wat]1 ( trees1 & 9 ! l&scape backgr\nds4 ,9 ! cut ( ,e/h] kneel+ be=e ,ahasu]us 7,no4 #fe1 ,e/h] ii471 ! curta9 at ! back ( ! ,k+'s ?rone is cov]$ ) fleurs-de-lis1 z 9 ! repres5tation ( ! ,k+ 9 ! o!r s]ies1 %[+ t :5 k+%ip 0 9 "q ,holbe9's ?\ghts turn$ to ,francis ,i1 z ! mo/ notable mon>* ( 8 day4 ,_m o!r in/ances ( resemblance c be easily p]ceiv$ :5 a close comp>ison ( ! two sets ( designs is made4 ,sid5ote3 ,,_! ,,excell5ce ,,z ,,illu/rations ,reg>d$ z illu/rations to ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ^! woodcuts are 9 all ways admirable4 ,holbe9 has br\ght to _! mak+ less ( t imag9ative p[] & bit+ hum\r :i* *>act]ise ! m>vell\s little pictures ( ! great ,dance4 ,he has conc5trat$ 8 skill r ^u ! fai?ful & accurate tell+ ( ^! sacr$ /ories z !y are giv5 9 ! text itself1 & he does ?is ) a p]fect und]/&+ ( _! /rong dramatic p[] & _! equally /rong human int]e/4 ,!y are hi/orical r ?an spiritual 9 _! conception1 fill$ ) ! actual _s ( ! n>rative itself1 to ! exclusion ( all else4 ,he is reveal$ 9 !m z a tell] ( /ories ( ! fir/ rank1 ) ! p[] ( seiz+ ! mo/ dramatic mom5t ( ea* incid5t he depicts ) unfail+ in/9ct1 & !n repres5t+ x ) a few un]r+ /rokes ( 8 p5cil cle>ly & simply1 ) no ov]-elaboration ( ne$less detail or ov]cr[d+ ( *>act]s4 ,all t is absolutely necess>y he gives1 & no m2 b )9 ^! n>r[ limits1 a space only ( a few squ>e in*es1 he produc$ a s]ies ( designs admirable 9 composition1 dignifi$ & noble 9 conception1 & yet free & dramatic 9 action4#dhh ,x is impossible )9 ! limits ( ?is book to attempt ev5 a %ort description ( ^! illu/rations4 ,among ! f9e/ are ,abraham sacrific+ ,isaac 7,no4 #e71 ,jacob bless+ ,ephraim & ,manasseh 7,no4 #i7 7,pl4 #fi 7#a771 ,moses & ! ,burn+ ,bu% 7,no4 #aa71 ! ,braz5 ,s]p5t 7,no4 #be71 ! ,submission ( ! ,midianites 7,no4 #bf71 ,ru? & ,boaz 7,no4 #cb7 7,pl4 #fi 7#b771 ,hannah & ,elkanah 7,no4 #cc71 ! ,dea? ( ,j]oboam's ,son 7,no4 #de71 ,eli%a & ! ,*ildr5 7,no4 #dg71 ,david be=e ! ,ark 7,no4 #ec71 ,solomon bless+ ! ,fai?ful 7,no4 #ee71 ! ,bl9d+ ( ,tobit 7,no4 #fa71 ,job 7,no4 #fb71 ,e/h] & ,ahasu]us 7,no4 #fe71 ,judi? ) ! ,head ( ,hol(]nes 7,no4 #fg7 7,pl4 #fi 7#c771 ,daniel 9 ! ,lion's ,d5 7,no4 #hd71 ,amos 7,no4 #hg7 7,pl4 #fi 7#d771 & ,jonah "u ! ,walls ( ,n9eveh 7,no4 #hh74 ,consid]able *>m is add$ to a numb] ( !m by ! beauty ( ! l&scape or ar*itectural backgr\nd1 put 9 ) a few simple b ma/]ly l9es1 z 9 ! ,burn+ ,bu% 7,no4 #aa71 9 :i* ,moses kneels to unfa/5 8 %oes1 8 %eep graz+ r\nd him2 9 ,moses receiv+ ! ,comm&m5ts 7,no4 #ba7 7,pl4 #gj 7#a771 ) ! p at "w 9 ! v9ey>ds1 & 9 ! di/ance a h>ve/ waggon pass+ along a road t[>ds a village on ! pla92 & 9 ! wall$ city ( ,j]usalem ) ! ,temple ris+ 9 its mid/1 9 ! ,return f ! ,captivity 7,no4 #eh7 7,pl4 #gj 7#b774 ,_m o!rs c\ld be cit$1 z well z subjects conta9+ dramatic battle sc5es1 recall+ ! ma/]ly /udy ( a fight ( l&skne*te 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y :i* has be5 describ$ on a previ\s page4#dhi ,?is is p>ticul>ly ! case 9 ! cut %[+ ! ,defeat ( ,s5na*]ib's ,army 7,no4 #eg74 ,o!r animat$ battle sc5es occur 9 ,david le>n+ ( ! ,dea? ( ,saul 7,no4 #cg71 & ,david triumph+ ov] ! ,phili/9es 7,no4 #ch74 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #fi4 ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,woodcuts ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,jacob ,,bless+ ,,ephraim ,,& ,,manasseh #b4 ,,ru? ,,& ,,boaz ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,,judi? ,,) ,,! ,,head ,,( ,,hol(]nes #d4 ,,amos ,,prea*+ ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gj4 ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,woodcuts ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,,moses ,,receiv+ ,,! ,,tables ,,( ,,! ,,law #b4 ,,! ,,return ,,f ,,! ,,babylonian ,,captivity ,f pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,,! ,,angel ,,%[+ ,,/4 ,,john ,,! ,,new ,,j]usalem ,revelation xxi4 ,woodcut f ,adam ,petri's ,new ,te/am5t1 #aebc ,f a copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,alphabet ,holbe9 also w5t to ! ,old ,te/am5t = ! subjects ( an ,alphabet ( tw5ty-f\r lett]s1 engrav$ on metal1 & ( consid]able size4#dij ,!y beg9 ) ! ,creation ( ,eve1 & conclude ) ,jacob's j\rney into ,egypt4 ,! lett]s ,n to ,y are occupi$ ) ! /ory ( ,joseph1 :i* is ?us giv5 9 consid]able detail4 ,9 ! lett] ,o1 repres5t+ ,joseph & ,potiph>'s wife1 ! b$ on :i* ! latt] sits has curta9s ornam5t$ ) ! ,fr5* lilies4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,! ,,mey] ,,madonna ,,& ,,! ,,dep>ture ,,= ,,engl& ,commission f ,jakob ,mey] = ! 8,mey] ,madonna0--,description ( ! picture at ,d>m/adt--,prelim9>y /udies = ! heads--,! copy at ,dresd5--,hi/ory ( ! two pictures--,magdal5a ,(f5burg & ! 8,lais ,cor9?iaca0 & 8,v5us0--,lack ( "w 9 ,basel ow+ to ! di/urb$ /ate ( ! city--,holbe9's dep>ture = ,engl&4 ,,! ye> #aebf 0 by no means a fav\rable "o = ! memb]s ( ! ,basel guild ( pa9t]s1 al?\gh1 9 all probability1 x 0 9 ?is v ye> t ,holbe9 receiv$ "o ( 8 mo/ important commissions1 ! fam\s alt>-piece kn[n z ! 8,mey] ,madonna10 n[ 9 ! ,gr&-ducal palace ( ,d>m/adt1 9 ! possession ( ! ,gr& ,duke ( ,hesse4 ,at ?is p]iod ecclesia/ical diss5sion _h rea*$ its acute/ pit*1 & p>ty feel+ ran s high t !re 0 little "t or incl9ation among ! lead+ citiz5s = ! patronage or ev5 ! consid]ation ( ! f9e arts4 ,! ,re=m]s1 !n 9 ! asc5dant 9 ! control ( public affairs1 7 /rongly oppos$ to all =ms ( pictorial or decorative art = *ur* use1 & x 0 ?is side ( ! pa9t]'s craft :i*1 until !n1 _h be5 ! mo/ lucrative4 ,times1 inde$1 7 s bad = !m t 9 ,janu>y ( ?is ye> ! ,pa9t]s' ,guild _h be5 =c$ to petition ! ,c\ncil = p]mission to rema9 9 ,basel 9 ! pursuit ( _! art 9 ord] t !y might obta9 means = ! support ( _! families4 ,holbe91 9 spite ( 8 out/&+ m]its & ! high reputation he _h made = himself 9 8 adopt$ city1 felt ! p9* ( adv]se circum/ances almo/ z sev]ely z 8 bro!r pa9t]s4 ,! au?orities1 unwill+1 app>5tly1 to complete ! decorations ( ! ,t[n ,hall1 _h no remun]ative "w to give him4 ,f ,novemb] #aebc1 :5 he receiv$ ! la/ in/alm5t ( 8 money = 8 wall-pa9t+s 9 t build+1 d[n to ! beg9n+ ( #aebf !re is no record ( any civic paym5t made to him4 ,on ! #crd ( ,m>*1 h[ev]1 9 ! latt] ye>1 he receiv$ ! meagre sum ( two ,basel p\nds t5 %ill+s1 ab\t equal to two guld51 = ! pa9t+ ( "s %ields or coats ( arms = ! bor\gh ( ,wald5burg1 a t[n%ip on ! slopes ( ! ,jura )9 ! jurisdiction ( ,basel1 no d\bt = ! decoration ( ! c\rt ( ju/ice or public hall ( t place4 ,! entry runs z foll[s3 8,samp/ag na* ,rem9isc]e1 #aebf3 ,item ij ll4 x %4 geb5 ,holbe9 dem mol]1 fr etli*e s*ilt am /ettl9 ,wald5burg v]gang5] ,i>5 zemol540#dia ,unimportant commissions ( ?is nature _c h be5 ( mu* help 9 keep+ ! wolf f ! door1 & t he 0 will+ to und]take su* m]e j\rneyman's "w1 9 :i* 8 spl5did tal5ts c\ld h little opportunity = _! full display1 af=ds pro( t = ! "t be+ an arti/'s life 9 ,switz]l& 0 a v prec>i\s "o4 ,sid5ote3 ,,mey]',s ,,commission ,,= ,a ,,picture ,happily = him1 at ab\t ?is "t 8 old patron ,jakob ,mey] 8zum ,has50 gave him a commission = a votive picture1 9 :i* he & ! memb]s ( 8 family 7 to be repres5t$ z kneel+ 9 adoration "u ! direct protection ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 a "w 9 ! pa9t+ ( :i* 8 g5ius f\nd complete expression4#dib ,mey]1 :o s9ce #aeba _h be5 remov$ f all public (fices1 0 a ?or\gh-go+ adh]5t ( ! old religion1 & ! p>ty to :i* he belong$ 0 by ?is "t 9 ! m9ority2 b 8 /urdy belief rema9$ un%ak51 & 9 #aebi1 imm$iately be=e ! fi]ce/ iconocla/ic outbur/ 9 ! city1 he 0 at ! head ( ! ,ca?olic p>ty4 ,at ! "t :5 ! great] numb] ( 8 fell[-citiz5s 7 beg9n+ to view ) disfav\r all sacr$ pa9t+s1 he prov$ t he _h ! c\rage ( 8 convictions by ord]+ ?is picture1 9 :i* 8 fai? 0 v pla9ly express$4 ,x is d\btful :e!r x 0 int5d$ to be plac$ ov] an alt> 9 "s *apel 9 "o ( ! ,basel *ur*es1 or to be hung 9 ,mey]'s own h\se1 b 9 ei!r case x 0 a def9ite public pr(ession ( 8 fai?4 ,! figures 9 ! picture 7,pl4 #ga7 are ab\t ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! size ( life4 ,! ,virg9 is n repres5t$ on h] ?rone1 b /&s amid ! donor's family z ! ,"m ( ,grace1 h] mantle spread ov] !m z a sign ( h] protection4 ,holbe9 has plac$ h] 9 ! c5tre ( ! composition 9 front ( a %all[ ni*e ) a circul> ar*1 flut$ l a %ell1 aga9/ :i* h] head is reliev$4 ,9 h] arms %e clasps ! ,infant ,*ri/1 ^: head re/s aga9/ h] %\ld]1 8 left arm out/ret*$ ov] ! kneel+ suppliants bel[ z ?\gh 9 b5$iction4 ,! edge ( h] cloak falls ov] ! %\ld]s ( ,mey]1 :o kneels on ! left1 ) h&s clasp$1 gaz+ upw>ds 9 adoration4#dic ,9 front ( him kneels 8 eld] son1 a y\? ( ab\t sixte51 ^: att5tion is div]t$ f 8 pray]s by 8 small bro!r1 a little nak$ boy ) curly hair1 /&+ upright on ! ,turkey c>pet :i* is plac$ b5ea? ! gr\p1 :om he is hold+ ) bo? h&s4 ,! *ild /&s1 ) left arm out/ret*$1 gaz+ at 8 op5 palm4 ,on ! "r-h& side is a gr\p ( ?ree kneel+ wom51 ,mey]'s second wife1 ,doro!a ,kann5giess] von ,tann1 ) h] daught] ,anna 9 front ( h]1 &1 next to ! ,virg91 a ?ird woman :o has be5 tak5 to repres5t ei!r ! ,burgoma/]'s fir/ wife1 ,magdal5a ,ba]1 :o di$ 9 #aeaa1 & 0 a wid[ :5 he m>ri$ h]1 or h] daught] by h] e>li] m>riage4 ,x has be5 also sugge/$ t ! figure repres5ts ,mey]'s "m1 or 8 "m-9-law1 b x is mo/ probable t x is a portrait ( 8 fir/ wife1 = x 0 by no means unusual at t "t to comb9e bo? ! liv+ & ! dead 9 su* a votive picture4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ga4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mey] ,,madonna ,,d>m/adt ,sid5ote3 ,,description ,,( ,,! ,,picture ,?is picture is ,holbe9's greate/ ma/]piece ( sacr$ pa9t+1 noble & dignifi$ 9 feel+ & composition1 rem>kable = ! direct & /rik+ v]acity ( its portraiture1 & ! spl5d\r ( its ri*1 subdu$ col\r4 ,!re is extraord9>y expression 9 ,mey]'s head1 ) its rapt1 t5se look1 9 :i* ! dep? ( 8 fai? is cle>ly portray$4 ,8 ruddy complexion & blue %av5 *9 =m a /rong col\r contra/ ) ! fre%]1 pal] fle% t9ts ( 8 two sons1 9 :om ! lik5ess to ! fa!r c be pla9ly trac$4 ,!re is an equal contra/1 too1 betwe5 ! face ( ! liv+ wife1 en]getic & capable1 & t ( ! o!r woman1 se5 9 pr(ile1 ^: features are ne>ly conceal$ by ! :ite hood & ! *9 b& %e is we>+1 giv+ almo/ ! appe>ance ( grave-clo!s1 ?\gh x 0 a head-dress !n 9 common use1 z c be se5 f a numb] ( ,holbe9's book illu/rations4 ,9 ! ,virg9's face1 ) its d[nca/ eyes1 !re is a look ( heav5ly tranquillity4 ,h] complexion is fair1 & h] *eeks h a rosy t+e4 ,%e we>s a gold5 cr[n set ) pe>ls & preci\s /ones1 bel[ :i* h] gold5 hair falls ^u h] %\ld]s & ov] h] mantle1 & is pa9t$ ) all ,holbe9's m9ute c>e & complete te*nical ma/]y4 ,! pale1 delicate fle% t9ts are cont9u$ 9 ! body ( ! ,infant ,*ri/ & 9 ! h&s ( 8 "m1 ! two heads =m+ a lovely *ord ( col\r 9 p]fect h>mony ) ! r$di% m>ble & grey /one ( ! ni*e aga9/ :i* !y are set4 ,! ,virg9's dress is d>k blue1 :i* has turn$ almo/ gre5 ) ! pass+ ( "t1 ) "u-sleeves ( gold1 9 ! pa9t+ ( :i* actual gold has be5 us$1 z also 9 ! cr[n1 & 9 ,anna ,mey]'s head-dress & o!r ornam5tal p>ts ( ! picture4 ,h] girdle is r$1 & h] mantle a gre5i% grey4 ,mey]'s hair is black1 & 8 black surcoat is l9$ ) light-br[n fur4 ,! kneel+ boy we>s a dress ( light br[n trimm$ ) b&s ( d>k r$ velvet1 & r$ hose1 & f 8 belt hangs an elaborate purse ) long blue tassels4 ,! col\r+ ( ! gr\p on ! spectator's "r is l>gely black & :ite4 ,! two eld] wom5 are 9 black1 ) pla9 :ite head-dresses4 ,! daught]'s dress is also :ite1 decorat$ ) deep b&s ( gold mat]ial embroid]$ ) pe>ls1 h] head-dress be+ =m$ ( two simil> b&s1 ) crimson tassels1 :i* almo/ conceal ! br[n braid$ hair1 & a little wrea? ( :ite & r$ fl[]s on ! top4 ,%e gazes across ! picture at h] little bro!r1 h] ros>y 9 h] h&s1 ( :i*1 ow+ to ! long sleeves ( h] dress1 only ! tips ( h] f+]s c be se54 ,! ,turkey c>pet1 :i* falls ov] ! l[ /ep ^u :i* ! figures are gr\p$1 has an elaborate patt]n ( r$1 gre51 black1 & :ite on a yell[-br[n gr\nd4 ,! monotony ( its geometrical design is brok5 by a l>ge irregul> fold 9 ! c5tre1 z ?\gh ! rug _h be5 ha/ily ?r[n d[n & n /raight5$ out4 ,on ei!r side ( ! %ell-%ap$ circul> ni*e ! c>v$ pila/]s ( two l[ columns are se5 above ! heads ( ! kneel+ figures1 & ! gre5 bran*es ( a v9e or fig-tree /& out aga9/ a bright-blue sky4 ,! picture1 l ! ,solo?urn ,madonna1 is ( peculi> %ape1 ! top ( ! panel foll[+ ! l9es ( ! ar*itectural backgr\nd4 ,x measures ab\t #d ft4 #h 94 7#a4dd m47 to ! top ( ! circul> ni*e1 & #c ft4 #h 94 7#a4abe m47 to ! horizontal edge above ! pila/]s at ! side1 & is ne>ly #c ft4 #c 94 7#a4ja m47 wide4 ,x is possible t 9 its orig9al /ate x 0 furni%$ ) a pair ( %utt]s4 ,x is n[ g5]ally agre$ t its date is ab\t #aebe or #aebf1 & t x 0 ! la/ "w ( importance pa9t$ by ,holbe9 be=e he left ,basel4 ,mey] took a second wife 9 #aeac1 & _! daught] ,anna1 :o aft]w>ds m>ri$ ,nikolaus ,irmi1 appe>s 9 ! picture to be ab\t ! age ( twelve1 :i* gives ! ye> #aebf z ! "o 9 :i* ,holbe9 receiv$ ! commission4 ,no?+ is kn[n ( ! two boys1 :o mu/ h di$ "y1 = ,mey] left no male heirs4 ,aft] 8 decease 8 wid[ 0 twice m>ri$1 & on h] dea? 9 or ab\t #aedi h] heir 0 h] daught] ,anna4 ,! eld] boy 0 p]haps ! son ( ! fir/ wife4 ,! te*nical qualities ( ! pa9t+1 too1 place x 9 ! ye>s imm$iately prec$+ ,holbe9's fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jakob ,,mey] ,draw+s 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,doro!a ,,kann5giess] ,/udies = ! ,mey] ,madonna ,draw+s 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,basel ,,gall]y ,!re are ?ree prelim9>y /udies = ! picture 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 portrait heads ( ! ex-burgoma/]1 8 wife1 & _! daught]4#did ,all ?ree are drawn 9 8 cu/om>y mann] 9 black *alk1 ) sp>e use ( col\r$ *alks & wat]-col\r "h & !re4 ,! head ( ,mey] 7,pl4 #gb 7#a771die 9 black & r$1 is 9 ! same position z 9 ! picture1 & plac$ aga9/ a gre5i% backgr\nd4 ,8 wife 7,pl4 #gb 7#b77dif is also tak5 9 ! position %e occupies 9 ! f9i%$ "w1 b h] head-dress is a diff]5t "o1 & ! *9 & ! great] "p ( ! m\? are hidd5 by a l95 b& simil> to ! "o worn by ! unkn[n kneel+ woman4 ,r$ is us$ 9 ! face1 & br[n = ! hair1 :i* is se5 ?r\gh ! musl9 cap1 & = ! fur l9+ to ! coll> ( h] g[n4 ,! daught]1 ,anna1#dig is %[n almo/ at ?ree-qu>t] l5g?1 ) ! arms & h&s visible4 ,%e we>s ! same dress ) embroid]$ b&s z 9 ! picture1 b h] hair1 in/ead ( be+ almo/ hidd5 by ! elaborate cap1 hangs d[n /raightly bel[ h] wai/4 ,m col\r is us$ 9 ?is draw+ ?an 9 ! o!rs1 ! face be+ work$ 9 fle% t9ts1 ! hair ( a gold5-br[n col\r1 ! girdle r$1 & ! ornam5ts ( ! coll> 9 yell[1 :ile ! backgr\nd is wa%$ ) pale gre54 ,! effect produc$ is v delicate & beautiful1 & ! portrait is p]haps f9] & m natural ?an 9 ! picture itself4 ,^! draw+s closely resemble 9 /yle ^? :i* ,holbe9 produc$ %ortly aft]w>ds 9 ,engl&1 & approa* !m v ne>ly 9 _! complete ma/]y ( expressive l9e4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,! ,,pictures ,= _m ye>s ! f9e e>ly copy ( ! ,mey] ,madonna 9 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y#dih 0 reg>d$ z ,holbe9's orig9al "w1 & "o ( ! greate/ treasures ( ! collection1 & x 0 n until #ahbb1 :5 ! ,d>m/adt picture1 pur*as$ 9 t ye> by ,pr9ce ,william ( ,prussia f a ,p>isian picture-deal]1 0 fir/ br\ght to ! notice ( connoisseurs1 t any d\bt 0 ?r[n ^u ! au!nticity ( ! bett]-kn[n example1 :i* 0 !n almo/ univ]sally reg>d$ z "o ( ! greate/ ma/]pieces ( ! ,g]man s*ool4 ,a few ,g]man critics ( note1 among !m ,dr4 ,kugl]1 admitt$ t ! ,d>m/adt picture 0 a g5u9e "w by ,holbe91 b x 0 _m ye>s be=e anyone _h ! tem]ity to refuse a l hon\r to ! fam\s example 9 ,dresd54 ,! fir/ to d s publicly 0 ,wornum1 9 8 ,life ( ,holbe91 publi%$ 9 #ahfg1 & he 0 foll[$ by ,woltmann1 ,a4 von ,zahn1 & o!rs4#dii ,9 spite ( su* critics1 h[ev]1 bo? pictures 7 /ill reg>d$ by mo/ p z f ,holbe9's own h&1 & x 0 n until ! ,holbe9 ,exhibition1 held 9 ,dresd5 9 #ahga1 :5 ! two panels 7 plac$ side by side1 & a close comp>ison became possible1 t ! und\bt$ g5u95ess ( ! ,d>m/adt pa9t+ 0 admitt$ by all except ! few :o _h a p]sonal int]e/ 9 uphold+ ! pre/ige ( ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 & :o1 !re=e1 refus$ to believe t _! own picture 0 a m]e copy1 h[ev] good4 ,?r\gh\t ! autumn ( #ahga1 a fi]ce battle rag$ betwe5 ! cont5d+ p>ties1 & ,dresd5 0 split up into two ho/ile camps4 ,a manife/o 0 issu$ by ?irte5 ( ! lead+ critics1 head$ by ,woltmann1 ,?aus+1 ,de ,lutz[1 & ,a4 ,bay]sdorf]1 affirm+ _! belief t ! ,d>m/adt picture 0 indubitably a g5u9e "w by ,holbe91 ) consid]able & lat] ret\*es 9 ! heads ( ! ,virg91 ! ,infant ,*ri/1 & ! ,burgoma/]1 & t ! ,dresd5 ,madonna 0 a free copy ( x1 9 :i* ! h& ( ,holbe9 0 n to be se5 9 any "p4 ,! o!r p>ty retaliat$ ) a manife/o ( _! own1 9 :i* !y claim$ t ! modifications ( ! design 9 ! ,dresd5 example 7 s free1 & 7 su* great improvem5ts1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! spac+ & ! proportions ( ! figures1 t no "o b ,holbe9 c\ld h accompli%$ x1 & t he alone c\ld h giv5 s l(ty an ideality & beauty ( expression to ! figure ( ! ,virg91 & t ! picture rema9$ a monum5t :i* atte/$ ! culm9at+ po9t ( ,g]man art4 ,! ,d>m/adt picture1 on ! o!r h&1 !y f\nd to be s badly obscur$ by dirty v>ni% & p>tial repa9ts t x 0 impossible to judge s]i\sly ! "q ( its orig9ality4 ,an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! dispute 0 giv5 9 ! ,gazette des ,beaux-,arts#ejj by ! arti/ ,rudolf ,lehmann1 :o 0 a /aun* uphold] ( ! g5u95ess ( ! bett]-kn[n picture4 ,he saw 9 x a great] beauty1 maturity1 & nobility1 & held t ! modifications 7 s intellig5t z to be 9 reality corrections ( ! e>li] "w1 & !re=e only f ! h& ( ! ma/] himself4 ,! ,d>m/adt picture _h c]ta9ly suff]$ f ret\*+ 9 _m places1 b 9 #ahhg x und]w5t a c>eful clean+ at ! h&s ( ,haus] ( ,muni*1 by means ( :i* ! dirt & ! spuri\s pa9t 7 remov$4 ,x 0 !n f\nd to be 9 a v p]fect /ate ( pres]vation1 ) ! orig9al spl5d\r ( its col\r almo/ undimm$1 & ! details z f9e & z cle> z :5 ,holbe9 fir/ pa9t$ !m4 ,! diff]5ces betwe5 ! two pictures are _m1 b 9 col\r1 9 expression1 & 9 te*nical a*ievem5t ! "o at ,d>m/adt is f> sup]ior4 ,! copyi/ :o produc$ ! ,dresd5 picture has app>5tly attempt$ to improve ^u ! orig9al1 by beautify+ ! face ( ! ,madonna1 :i* has lo/ mu* ( its "* 9 ! process1 & giv+ a m graceful =m to ! r ?ickset1 /umpy figure ( ! orig9al1 s *>act]i/ic ( ,holbe94 ,! proportions ( ! backgr\nd h be5 also *ang$1 ) ! same idea ( improvem5t4 ,! copyi/ appe>s to h ?\ght t ! top ( ! semicircul> ni*e press$ too closely ^u ! ,virg9's head1 & he accord+ly rais$ x1 ?us reliev+ :at he consid]$ to be a cramp$ position2 :]eas 9 ,holbe9's orig9al arrangem5t1 9 :i* ! diamet] ( ! semicircle cuts across ! %\ld]s ( ! figure1 ! spac+ is m effective ?an 9 ! copy1 9 :i* ! l9e passes ?r\gh ! ,virg9's neck4 ,9 ! same way ! pila/]s ov] ! kneel+ figures on ei!r side h be5 rais$ well above ! heads1 s t ! upp] p>ts ( ! columns become visible4 ,9 ri*ness & h>mony ( col\r ! ,d>m/adt v]sion is f> f9]4 ,9 ! ,dresd5 copy ! ,virg9's dress is gre51 :i* proves t x 0 pa9t$ at "s "t consid]ably lat] ?an ! orig9al1 :5 ! blue ( ! latt] _h tak5 on a gre5i% t9t f ! discoloration ( ! v>ni%4 ,aga91 ! extraord9>y delicacy & precision ( ! draughtsman%ip ( all ! details ( dress is f> m m>k$ 9 ! orig9al "w1 9 :i*1 too1 !re is mu* great] expression & animation 9 ! faces4 ,sid5ote3 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,d>m/adt ,,picture ,! hi/ory ( ! ,d>m/adt picture c be trac$1 ) few breaks1 f ! day x 0 pa9t$4 ,on ! dea? ( ,doro!a ,mey] ab\t #aedi x pass$ into ! possession ( h] daught] ,anna & ! latt]'s husb&1 ,nikolaus ,irmi1 or ,irmy 7#aejg-eb74 ,anna ,irmi1 :o m>ri$1 aft] ,irmi's dea?1 ,wilhelm ,hebd5r+1 & di$ a wid[ 9 #aeeh1 left x to h] daught] ,rosa or ,ros9a1 :o1 9 #aegf1 m>ri$1 z 8 ?ird wife1 ,remigius ,faes*1 burgoma/] ( ,basel4 ,rosa di$ ab\t #afjf1 & %ortly aft]w>ds ,faes* sold ! picture = "o hundr$ gold5 cr[ns 7coronatos aureos sol>es7 to a c]ta9 ,lucas ,isel94 ,?is in=mation is conta9$ 9 a ,lat9 manuscript 9 ! ,basel ,libr>y1 :i* 0 writt5 ab\t ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury by a second ,remigius ,faes*1 gr&son ( ! burgoma/]4 ,he 0 a doctor ( laws1 & a collector ( pictures1 & 8 manuscript be>s ! title1 8,human ,indu/ri ,monum5ta40 ,! ?irty-fif? folio is conc]n$ ) ,holbe91 & f x ! hi/ory ( ! picture may be tak5 a /ep f>!r4 ,faes* says3 8,9 ! ye> #afc-1 ! above-nam$ pa9t]1 ,le ,blond1 b\ght "h ( ! wid[ & heirs ( ,lucas ,isel91 ( ,/4 ,m>t9's1 a pa9t+ on wood1 ab\t ?ree ,basel ells 9 size1 ! height & wid? be+ ! same2 9 :i* 7 repres5t$ ! =esaid ,burgoma/] ,jakob ,mei]1 toge!r ) 8 sons on ! "r side1 & on ! opposite side 8 wife ) ! daught]s1 all pa9t$ f life1 kneel+ be=e ! alt>4 ,i possess copies ( a son & a daught]1 pa9t$ 9 ,belgium f ! picture itself by ,joh4 ,ludi4 ,le ,blond paid = ! picture #ajjj imp]ials1 & sold x aft]w>ds = ?ree times z mu* to ,m>ia de' ,m$ici1 ,que5 ,d[ag] ( ,france1 "m ( ,k+ ,l\is ,,xiii1 :ile %e 0 resid+ 9 ,belgium1 :]e %e di$4 ,:i!r x aft]w>ds w5t1 is unc]ta940 ,a m>g9al note1 add$ by ,faes*1 probably at a lat] date1 fur!r /ates3 8,?is panel belong$ to my gr&fa!r1 ! ,burgoma/] ,remigius ,faes*1 f :om ,lucas ,isel9 ga9$ possession ( x1 o/5sibly = ! ambassador ( ! ,k+ ( ,france1 & paid #ajj gold cr[ns = x ab\t ! ye> #afjf40eja ,lucas ,isel9 di$ 9 #afbf1 & 8 heirs appe> to h sold ! picture "s ye>s aft]w>ds to ,mi*el ,le ,blond1 ! ,g]man engrav]1 :o liv$ = ! great] "p ( 8 life 9 ,am/]dam1 :]e he 0 occupi$ 9 provid+ engrav$ plates ( ornam5ts = ! use ( jewell]s1 & 0 also a picture collector & deal]4 ,he act$ z ag5t to ! ,c\rt ( ,sw$5 at ,am/]dam1 & 9 #afbe he negotiat$ = ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham ! pur*ase ( a l>ge collection ( works ( art f ,rub5s4 ,he 0 a fri5d ( ,s&r>t1 ,holbe9's biograph]1 & travell$ ) him 9 ,italy4 ,s&r>t1 9 8 ,life ( ,holbe91 cont9ues ! hi/ory ( ! picture1 & 9 speak+ ( ,le ,blond's collection1 says3 8,?is g5tleman has long ago0 7lang vorh]7--he ref]s to "s "t be=e he1 ,s&r>t1 0 9 ,am/]dam1 ab\t #afdj-de--8sold to ! bookkeep] 7or bank]7 ,johann ,lss]t1 at 8 urg5t reque/ = ! sum ( #cjjj guld51 a /&+ figure ( ! ,virg9 pa9t$ on a panel1 hold+ h] little ,*ild 9 h] arms1 & "u h] is a c>pet on :i* "s figures are kneel+ be=e h]1 tak5 f life40#ejb ,s&r>t's description %[s t ! picture 9 "q 0 und\bt$ly ! ,mey] ,madonna1 & ?is is confirm$ by ,pat9's acc\nt4 ,! latt] _h access to ! ,faes* manuscript1 & speaks ( x z 8,a /&+ ,m>y on a panel ) ! ,*ild on h] arm1 "u h] a c>pet on :i* "s figures are kneel+ be=e h]1 pa9t$ f ! life40 ,sid5ote3 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,d>m/adt ,,picture ,s&r>t's /ory indicates t ,faes* mu/ h be5 wrong 9 /at+ t ,le ,blond sold ! picture to ,m>ia de' ,m$ici1 !n 9 exile 9 ,holl&2 %e appe>s to h be5 cont5t$ ) a copy ( x4 ,s&r>t himself took sket*es ( "s ( ! figures1 & o!rs 7 made1 accord+ to ,faes*1 by ,joh4 ,ludi4 ,?is 0 ,johannes ,ld91 a pupil ( ,s>burgh1 :o has be5 confus$ by e>li] writ]s ) ,giovanni da ,lodi1 an obscure pa9t] ^: "w is to be f\nd 9 sev]al *ur*es 9 ,lodi4 ,wornum ?\ght t ,giovanni might h be5 ! au?or ( ! ,dresd5 copy ( ! picture1#ejc b lat] rese>*es h %[n ?is to be a mi/ake4 ,q rec5tly 7#aiaa71 ,dr4 ,e4 ,major has id5tifi$ x z a copy made = ,que5 ,m>ia de' ,m$ici by ,b>?olomu ,s>burgh1 a portrait-pa9t] :o1 9 #afcd1 0 liv+ at ! ,hague1 :i* 0 ab\t ! "t ! picture w5t to ,holl&4 ,s>burgh1 :o 0 born ab\t #aeij1 work$ 9 ,basel & 9 ,b]ne1 & may h kn[n ! pa9t+ 9 8 y\?4 ,x is extremely probable1 9 ,dr4 ,major's op9ion1 t ! ,dresd5 example is id5tical ) ! copy kn[n to h be5 9 ! possession ( ! ,fr5* ,que54#ejd ,!re are num]\s copies ( ,holbe9's works by ,s>burgh /ill 9 ,basel1 & sev]al portraits by him 9 ! ,picture ,gall]y ( t city4 ,x has also be5 sugge/$ t ,faes* 0 mi/ak5 9 say+ t ,le ,blond b\ght ! picture f ,isel9's wid[ 9 ,basel1 & t 9 reality he obta9$ x f ,isel9 himself at "s e>li] date2 = 9 #afba !re 0 an important example ( ,holbe9's "w 9 ,am/]dam :i* ! ,e>l ( ,arundel 0 anxi\s to obta94 ,sir ,dudley ,c>leton1 writ+ to ! ,e>l f ! ,hague1 #bbnd ,june #afba1 says3 8,hav+ wayt$ lately on ye ,k4 & ,q4 ( ,bohemia to ,am/]dam1 ,i !re saw ye picture ( ,holb5's yor ,lp4 desires2 b _c yet obtayne x1 ?\gh my indeav\rs wayte on x1 z !y /ill %all doe40#eje ,sir ,dudley1 h[ev]1 gives no description ( ! picture1 :i* he 0 unable to get = ! ,e>l1 s t x is impossible to say m ?an t !re is "s probability t x may h be5 ! ,mey] ,madonna4 ,s&r>t1 :o 0 a p]sonal fri5d ( ,le ,blond1 is no d\bt correct :5 he says t ! latt] sold x direct to ! bank] ,johann ,lss]t2 & x rema9$ 9 ! possession ( t family = "s sev5ty or eighty ye>s4 ,x next appe>s 9 a sale ( ! pictures ( ,jacob ,cromh\t & ,jasp] ,losk>t1 held at ,am/]dam on ! #g? & #h? ,may #agji1 ! latt] evid5tly a desc5dant ( ,johann ,lss]t4 ,accord+ to ! catalogue1 bo? own]s 7 deceas$1 & ! great] numb] ( ! pictures seem to h belong$ to ,cromh\t1 ! catalogue-head+ conclud+ ) ! words1 8& "s o!r f9e pictures com+ f ! cab9et ( ! deceas$ ,h]r ,jasp] ,losk>t40#ejf ,x is possible t ! two own]s 7 relations1 or p>tn]s 9 bus9ess1 z ! coat ( arms ( ! ,cromh\ts is on ! old frame ( ! ,d>m/adt panel1 indicat+ t at "s "t or o!r ! picture _h be5 transf]r$ f ! "o family to ! o!r4#ejg ,! picture 0 ,no4 #bd 9 ! sale1 & 0 describ$ z1 8,a capital piece1 ) two doors1 repres5t+ ,m>y ) ,jesus on h] arm1 ) v>i\s kneel+ figures f life1 by ,hans ,holbe5--fl4 #bjjj02 j d\ble ! price paid = a l>ge alt>-piece by ,rub5s 9 ! same sale1 & equal to ab\t #afj 9 mod]n money1 a l>ge price = a picture 9 ^? days4 ,x w be se5 t 9 #agji x /ill _h w+s1 :i* h s9ce disappe>$4 ,= m ?an "o hundr$ ye>s aft] ! ,cromh\t sale all traces ( ! picture are miss+1 ?\gh x appe>s to h be5 9 ,engl& = at lea/ a "p ( ! "t1 = on ! back is writt5 9 ,engli%3 8,no4 #hb1 ,holy ,family1 ,portraits1 ,a4,d410 ! latt] initials indicat+ t :5 "h x 0 attribut$ to ,dr]4 ,on ! old sev5te5?-c5tury frame !re are1 9 addition to ! ,cromh\t coat ( arms1 ! armorial be>+s ( a memb] ( ! ,von ,w>b]ge family & 8 wife1 app>5tly indicat+ yet ano!r own]%ip4 ,x reappe>$ 9 #ahbb1 :5 x 0 pur*as$ by ,pr9ce ,william ( ,prussia f ! ,p>isian picture-deal] ,delahante1 ?r\gh ! latt]'s bro!r-9-law1 ,spont9i1 at t "t royal musical director 9 ,b]l91 at a co/ ( #bejj or #bhjj ?al]s--ab\t #dbj4 ,on ! dea? ( ! ,pr9ce its pur*ase = ! ,b]l9 ,museum 0 urg$ by ,dr4 ,waag51 b ! au?orities 7 n will+ to consid] x4 ,on ! division ( ! ,pr9ce's prop]ty1 x 0 assign$ to 8 daught]1 ,pr9cess ,elizabe?1 :o m>ri$ ,pr9ce ,*>les ( ,hesse-,d>m/adt 9 #ahcf2 & f t day ! picture has rema9$ 9 ! private ap>tm5ts ( ! old palace4 ,sid5ote3 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,dresd5 ,,v]sion ,! fir/ def9ite in=mation ab\t ! ,dresd5 v]sion is t at ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury x 0 9 ,v5ice1 9 ! possession ( ! ,delf9o family1 f ^: repres5tative1 ,giovanni ,delf9o1 x 0 pur*as$ by ,c\nt ,francesco ,alg>otti on ! #d? ,septemb] #agdc1 = ,augu/us ,,iii1 ,elector ( ,saxony1 = "o ?\s& sequ9s4 ,a previ\s attempt to buy x _h be5 made by ! ,duke ( ,orleans 9 #agbc4 ,x is to be ga!r$ f ,alg>otti's correspond5ce t ! picture _h be5 bequea!d to ,delf9o's fa!r by ! ,v5etian bank] ,avogadro1 &1 accord+ to an old s]vant ( ! latt]'s1 nam$ ,griffoni1 8 ma/] _h obta9$ x 9 or ab\t ! ye> #afij 9 ,am/]dam z paym5t = a debt ( #bjjj sequ9s ow+ to him by ! h\se ( ,lss]t1 :i* _h rec5tly become bankrupt4 ,alg>otti 0 ( op9ion t x 0 ! v picture m5tion$ by ,s&r>t4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! orig9al picture 0 /ill 9 ,am/]dam 9 #agji 7! date ( ! ,cromh\t sale71 ne>ly tw5ty ye>s aft] ,avogadro is said to h receiv$ x1 ! v]sion :i* w5t to ,v5ice c only h be5 a copy1 :i* x is n[ kn[n to be4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 t at "o "t ,losk>t or ,lss]t possess$ two v]sions ( ! picture2 & x may be conjectur$ t at ! "t ( ! bankruptcy1 or p]haps e>li]1 ! orig9al 0 sold to or tak5 ov] by ,cromh\t1 & ! e>ly sev5te5?-c5tury copy reta9$1 until x 0 giv5 to ,avogadro 9 lieu ( ! debt4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 necess>y to suppose t ! transaction 0 an und]h& "o1 & t a copy 0 kn[+ly palm$ (f on ! bank] z an orig9al1 = v possibly by t "t bo? pictures 7 reg>d$ z g5u9e works by ,holbe94 ,at ! "t ! ,v5etian example 0 pur*as$ = ! ,elector ( ,saxony1 x 0 g5]ally reg>d$ z a portrait-gr\p ( ! ,m family1 ow+ to ! simil>ity ( ! names ,mey] & ,m4 ,horace ,walpole1 :o saw x 9 ,v5ice1 gave x its correct title4 ,he says1 :5 ref]r+ to ! v>i\s examples exi/+ ( ! ,m family gr\p3 8,! fif?#ejh 0 9 ! palace ( ! ,delf9o family at ,v5ice1 :]e x 0 long on sale1 ! fir/ price set1 #aejjl4 ,:5 ,i saw x !re 9 #agda !y _h sunk x to #djjl41 soon aft] :i* ! pres5t ,k+ ( ,pol& b\ght x4444 ,! old man is n only unlike all repres5tations ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 b x is c]ta9 t he nev] _h b "o son4 ,= ! col\r+1 x is beautiful beyond description1 & ! c>nations h t enamell$ bloom s peculi> to ,holbe91 :o t\*$ 8 works till n a t\* rema9$ disc]nible6 ,a draw+ ( ?is picture by ,bis*op 0 br\ght ov] 9 #agbc1 f :5ce ,v]tue d\bt$ bo? ( ! subject & ! pa9t]2 b he nev] saw ! orig9al6 ,by ! description ( ! family picture ( ! ,consul ,mej]1 m5tion$ above1 ,i h no d\bt b ?is is ! v picture--,mej] & ,m are names n s unlike b t 9 process ( "t !y may h be5 conf\nd$1 & t ( ,m reta9$1 z mu* bett] kn[n40#eji ,! co/ ( ! picture 0 #ajjj sequ9s1 or #bb1jjj livres de ,v5ise--ab\t #deh 9 ,engli% money--& ! exp5ses 9 connection ) its pur*ase1 pack+1 & =w>d+ to ,dresd51 came to "s #abe m1 includ+ a lib]al pres5t to ! pa9t] ,tiepolo1 :o help$ 9 ! negotiations1 & small] gratuities to v>i\s reta9]s ( ! ,delf9o family4 ,! total co/1 !re=e1 0 consid]ably m ?an ?ree times ! price paid = ! orig9al pa9t+ 9 ! ,am/]dam sale4 ,al?\gh ! ,mey] ,madonna possesses no hidd5 mean+1 & is m]ely a cu/om>y repres5tation ( a donor & 8 family kneel+ 9 adoration be=e ! ,virg9 & ,*ild1 yet a numb] ( fanciful int]pretations 7 giv5 to x 9 ! la/ c5tury1 ( :i* "s e*oes /ill rema94 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t x is a votive picture to commemorate ! recov]y ( a sick *ild1 :om ! ,virg9 has tak5 into h] arms1 plac+ h] own *ild on ! gr\nd among ! donors4 ,?is idea 0 c>ri$ /ill f>!r by o!rs1 :o saw 9 ! infant on ! ,madonna's brea/ ! s\l ( a dead *ild2 :ile a ?ird !ory prop\nd$ 0 to ! effect t ! little "o 0 m]ely ! s\l ( ! woman kneel+ next ! ,virg91 suppos$ to be ,mey]'s fir/ wife4 ,^! are all s5tim5tal ref9em5ts ( n9ete5?-c5tury ,g]man criticism1 fir/ voic$ by su* writ]s z ,ludwig ,tieck & ,fri$ri* ,s*legel1 & 9 all probability w\ld nev] h be5 he>d ( _h ! orig9al picture be5 9 ,dresd5 in/ead ( ! copy4 ,9 ! latt] ! unkn[n copyi/ has n be5 s successful 9 ! figure ( ! infant ,*ri/ z 9 o!r portions ( ! picture4 ,x is f> less animat$ ?an 9 ! orig9al1 & a little sickly & unhappy 9 expression1 & x 0 ?is1 no d\bt1 :i* fir/ sugge/$ ^! ov]-ref9em5ts ( mean+4 ,rusk9 0 on ! side ( ! s5tim5tali/s4 ,he says3 8,! receiv$ tradition respect+ ! ,holbe9 ,madonna is beautiful1 & ,i believe ! int]pretation to be true4 ,a fa!r & "m h pray$ to h] = ! life ( _! sick *ild4 ,%e appe>s to !m1 h] own ,*ild 9 h] arms4 ,%e puts d[n h] ,*ri/ be=e !m1 takes _! *ild into h] arms in/ead2 x lies d[n ^u h] bosom1 & /ret*es its h&s to its fa!r & "m1 say+ f>ewell40#eaj ,z a matt] ( fact1 !re is no?+ ( dea? or sickness ab\t ! "w1 :i* tells its /ory ) ! utmo/ simplicity & ma/]y ( means1 )\t ne$+ su* ref9$ subtleties = its prop] explanation4 ,sid5ote3 ,,holbe9',s ,,model ,,= ,,! ,,virg9 ,x is difficult to foll[ ,holbe9's late/ ,engli% biograph]1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,s4 ,davies1 9 8 belief t ! influ5ce ( ,gh]>dt ,david c be se5 9 ?is "w1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 to f9d1 z he does1 indications ( ,holbe9's acqua9tance ) ,david's great picture ( ! 8,madonna ) ! ,sa9ts & ,angels10 n[ 9 ! ,r\5 ,museum1 b 9 ,holbe9's day1 & = ?ree c5turies aft]w>ds1 9 ! ,c>melite ,*ur* 9 ,bruges1 = :i* x _h be5 pa9t$4 8,i d n ?9k t any "o :o ?or\ghly knew ! ,d>m/adt ,holbe9 c fail10 he says1 8z he looks at ?is ma/]piece ( ! ,flemi% pa9t]1 to be at once rem9d$ by some?+ 9 ! feel+ & 9 ! type ( ,madonna1 & ev5 9 su* details z ! *oice ( cr[n & robe1 9 ! outspread mantle1 9 ! fa%ion ( ! robe1 9 ! wavy gold5 hair ly+ along ! %\ld]1 & 9 ! pose ( ! head z %e looks d[n at ! ,*ild1 ( ! great] ,g]man ma/]4 ,holbe9's is a /rong]1 m int5sely sympa!tic1 m real & conv9c+ vision2 b ! orig9al type seems to be common to bo? m540#eaa ,to r5d] ?is possible1 a visit to ,bruges on ,holbe9's "p becomes necess>y1 & ,mr4 ,davies consid]s x to be mo/ probable t he did s ei!r on 8 way to ,engl& 9 #aebf or on 8 return 9 #aebh1 & he /ates1 b )\t br++ =w>d any pro(s1 t ,holbe9 8sp5t sev]al mon?s 9 or ab\t ,antw]p0 on ! =m] j\rney1 & t he w\ld n be likely to omit a visit to s great a c5tre ( art z ,bruges4 ,?is !ory also necessitates ! alt]ation ( ! date ( ! pa9t+ ( ! ,mey] ,madonna1 :]eas ev]y?+ po9ts to its completion be=e ,holbe9 left ,basel = ,engl&2 nor w he f9d _m to agree ) him t 9 ?is great picture1 s ess5tially ,g]man 9 feel+1 /rong traces ( ,flemi% influ5ce are to be se54 ,su* ali5 influ5ce z c be trac$ 9 x is und\bt$ly ,italian4 ,= ! ,mey] ,madonna1 ,holbe9's wife no long] s]v$ z ! model = ! ,virg91 z %e _h done = ! ,madonna ( ,solo?urn4 ,h] place 0 tak5 by t lady ( some:at notori\s "* 9 ,basel1 ,magdal5a ,(f5burg4 ,z po9t$ out 9 an e>li] *apt]1 %e _h already twice s]v$ ,holbe9 z a model = 8 co/ume /udies ( ,basel ladies1#eab & %e also sat to him = ! two pictures ( 8,v5us0 & 8,las ,cor9?iaca0 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 9 :i* ! simil>ity ( features to ^? ( ! ,virg9 9 ! ,d>m/adt alt>-piece is v m>k$1 :ile all ?ree be> an evid5t lik5ess to ! model ( t "o ( ! co/ume /udies 9 :i* ! sitt] we>s a necklace ) ! recurr+ initials 8,m4 ,o40 ,h] daught] ,doro!a1 wife ( ,joa*im von ,sultz1 :o at "o "t 0 consid]$ to be ! lady repres5t$ 9 ! 8,las0 & 8,v5us0 pictures1#eac l$ an equally sc&al\s life4 ,%e 0 divorc$ 9 #aede1 & bo? %e & h] husb& 7 imprison$1 & aft]w>ds expell$ ! c\ntry4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,magdal5a ,,(f5burg ,,z ,,v5us #aebf ,,basel ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,magdal5a ,,(f5burg ,,z ,,lais #aebf ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! 8,,la,s0 ,,& 8,,v5us0 ,,pictures ,^! two small1 delicately pa9t$ portraits ( ,magdal5a ,(f5b]g z 8,las0 & 8,v5us10 ! =m] be+ dat$ 8#aebf10 7 among ! la/ works produc$ by ,holbe9 be=e he left ,basel = ,engl&4 ,!y be> a v close resemblance to "o ano!r1 except 9 ! position ( ! head1 s t "o appe>s to be almo/ a copy ( ! o!r4 ,9 ! ,am]ba* catalogue ( #aehf !y are describ$ z3 8,zwei tfel9 doruf e9e ,(f5burg9 cont]fehet i/ vf eim ges*rib5 ,lais ,cor9?iaca1 die &] hat e9 k9dl9 b si*4 ,h4 ,holb4 beide1 mit lf>b5 vnd 9 ghs]n40 ,9 ea* ! figure is ab\t "o-?ird ! size ( life1 & ! co/ume is ! same1 a ri* dress ( d>k r$ velvet ) sla%+s %[+ :ite silk puffs1 ea* fa/5$ at top & bottom ) gold tags4 ,! wide upp] sleeves are ( a deep gold hue4 ,9 ea* picture %e is %[n at almo/ ?ree-qu>t] l5g?1 beh9d a pla9 /one p>apet1 ) a d>k gre5 curta9 z backgr\nd4 ,9 ! 8,las0 7,no4 #cbb7 7,pl4 #gc 7#b77ead %e we>s a closely-fitt+ gold-embroid]$ head-dress or cap on h] fair hair1 & ) h] left h& grasps ! folds ( a blue mantle drap$ across h] knees4 ,on ! p>apet 9 front ( h]--:i* is inscrib$ 8,lais ,cor9?iaca4 #aebf10 9 ,roman lett]s1 z ?\gh incis$ 9 ! /one--is plac$ a little heap ( scatt]$ gold co9s1 & %e is hold+ out h] "r h&1 ) palm upw>ds1 z ?\gh ask+ = m ( !m 9 paym5t = h] fav\rs4 ,! pose is slightly v>i$ 9 ! 8,v5us0 7,no4 #cbc7 7,pl4 #gc 7#a771eae :i* is undat$1 ! head be+ b5t a little to ! "r1 in/ead ( to ! left1 & !re are small *anges 9 ! co/ume4 ,! l[] sleeves ( r$ sla%$ velvet are omitt$1 & ! arms are b>e to ! elb[1 :ile ! head-dress is black1 ) a little gold ornam5tation4 ,! position ( ! h&s is almo/ ! same1 ?\gh ! left "o is hidd5 by ! head & %\ld]s ( a small nak$1 r$-hair$ ,cupid1 ^: "r arm re/s on ! p>apet ) two long arr[s 9 8 h&4 ,! gold5 co9s are miss+1 b ! op5 palm ( ! lady's "r h& c>ries ! same sugge/ion z 9 ! 8,las40 ,! old frame /ill reta9s ! curi\s & s+ul>ly inappropriate inscription1 8,v]bum ,dom9i manet 9 t]num10 :i* 0 ^u x :5 ! ,am]ba* ,collection 0 pur*as$ by ! t[n ( ,basel 9 #affb4 ,sid5ote3 ,,holbe9 ,,& ,,magdal5a ,,(f5burg ,! face is a ref9$ "o1 ) a high =ehead1 long nose1 f9ely cut lips1 & fair complexion1 & 9 ! 8,las0 9 p>ticul>1 does n sugge/ ! suppos$ "* ( ! sitt] z tradition has h&$ x d[n4 ,x is possible t ! pa9t] to "s ext5t idealis$ h] features4 ,! 8,v5us0 is less t5d] & attractive 9 expression2 s mu* s1 inde$1 t ,woltmann#eaf sugge/s t x 0 pa9t$ at an e>li] date1 & t ! 8,las0 0 a r5ew$ & m successful attempt to repres5t ! same idea4 ,:at t idea may h be5 has giv5 rise to consid]able speculation4 ,wornum#eag quotes an old leg5d to ! effect t ! arti/ c\ld n obta9 paym5t = ! 8,v5us0 picture1 & s1 9 rev5ge1 he pa9t$ h] z ! fam\s c\rtesan1 ,las ( ,cor9?1 ! mi/ress ( ! great pa9t] ,apelles2 b ?is explanation is an absurd "o4 ,woltmann's sugge/ion is t bo? pictures 7 pa9t$ = "s lov] ( ! lady1 :o wi%$1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to express 8 love1 & !n1 lat] on1 8 contempt4 ,x is m probable t ! pictures 7 ! result ( relation%ips betwe5 ! pa9t] himself & ,magdal5a1 ?\gh beyond ! fact t %e s]v$ him m ?an once z a model1 !re is no pro( ( ?is4 ,?is suppos$ connection betwe5 ,holbe9 & ! lady has giv5 rise to mu* imag9ative writ+ 9 rec5t monographs4 ,9 "o ( !m we are told t 8:5 ,holbe9 inscrib$ 8 second portrait ( ,doro!a ) ! words ,las ,cor9?iaca1 ! midsumm] madness mu/ h be5 already a matt] ( scorn & wond] to himself4 ,8 :ole life & ! works ( 8 life are ! negation ( ! groves ( ,cor9?4 ,! pa9t 0 n long dry on ! ,goddess ( ,love--at any rate1 h] dress 0 n worn out--be=e he _h se5 h] 9 h] true col\rs3 ! daught] ( ! horselee*1 cry+ #8,give1 give4' ,& s he pa9t$ h] 9 #aebf2 to sc\rge himself1 surely1 s9ce %e 0 too notori\sly infam\s to be affect$ by x4 ,z if 9 /]n scorn ( e beauty1 e allure1 he set himself to record !m 9 detail4444 ,las is f> m beautiful1 & f> m beautifully pa9t$1 ?an ,v5us4 ,no emotion has hurri$ ! pa9t]'s h& or confus$ 8 eye ?is "t4 ,9 va9 %e we>s su* sadness 9 h] eyes1 su* p5sive dignity ( attitude1 su* a wi/ful smile on h] lips4 ,he kn[s !m1 n[1 = false lights on ! wreck]'s coa/4 ,no falt]+2 no turn+ back4 ,he c ev5 fit a new head-dress on ! lovely hair1 & add ! puff$ sleeves bel[ ! %ort ones4 ,he is a pa9t] n[2 n a lov]4444 ,! plague 0 rag+ 9 ,basel all ?r\gh t spr+ & summ]1 b ,i d\bt if ,holbe9 %udd]$ at its contact z at ! lovel9ess he pa9t$10#eah & s on4 ,?is is all v pretty1 b ! imag9ation ( ! writ] has run away ) h]4 ,:at sugge/ion c\ld be m fanta/ic ?an t 9 pa9t+ ! ,v5us1 ,holbe9's love = ! lady 0 s great t bo? h& & eye falt]$ 9 depict+ h] *>ms1 & t he c\ld only d full ju/ice to h] beauty :5 8 affection 0 dead & h] lovel9ess made him %udd]8 ,a m rec5t writ]#eai is ( op9ion t ,holbe9 succumb$ to ! *>ms ( ,magdal5a ,(f5burg be=e 8 m>riage1 & t %e deign$ to hon\r ! "y ,swabian pa9t] ) h] fav\rs almo/ directly aft] 8 return to ,basel f ,luc]ne4 ,?\gh =c$ to confess t he c f9d no traces ( h] z ,holbe9's model 9 any ( 8 f9i%$ pa9t+s ( ! p]iod be=e ,elsbe? ,s*midt came into 8 life1 9 8 op9ion %e s]v$ him 9 t capacity n only = ! s]ies ( /udies ( ! co/umes worn by ! ,basel ladies1 b also = 8 e>ly glass designs ( ! ,madonna gaz+ d[n at ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 h] arms1 ! ,/4 ,b>b>a ( ! same set1 & ! f9e design ( a wood5 /atue ( ,/4 ,mi*ael1 all ?ree ( :i* h be5 already describ$4#ebj ,no d\bt ! type ( face 9 all ^! /udies is mu* ! same1 b !re is a t5d5cy 9 ?is se>* = lik5esses to g too f>1 & to see ,magdal5a ,(f5burg or ,elsbe? ,s*midt z ! only models us$ by ,holbe9 at ?is "t4 ,9 "s in/ances ! lik5ess is l>gely imag9>y4 ,8 wife1 ! same writ] cont9ues1 may n h be5 beautiful1 b %e c]ta9ly _h *>m1 z ! portrait at ! ,hague proves1 & ,holbe9 mu/ h lov$ h] :5 he pa9t$ h]4 ,= two ye>s aft]w>ds he rema9$ ! devot$ husb&1 us+ h] z ! model = ! ,solo?urn ,madonna1 ! ,virg9 ( ! ,basel organ doors1 & = ! glass design ( ! ,m>y 9 ! ni*e ) ! cavali] kneel+ be=e h]4 ,!n1 aft] ?is %ort p]iod ( happ9ess1 h] place 9 ! pictures & designs is aga9 tak5 by ,magdal5a4 ,! impud5t creature appe>s z ! ,/4 ,ursula ( ! ,k>lsruhe pa9t+1 & ! 8arr[s 9 h] h&s are ^? ) :i* 9 succe$+ ye>s %e is to pi]ce ! poor he>t ( ! pa9t]'s wife40 ,9 ! ,mey] ,madonna1 ?is writ] sees 9 ! ,virg9 no?+ b ! elegant1 banal visage ( ! c\rtesan1 & a complete want ( all humanity4 ,! 8,las0 & 8,v5us0 ( #aebf1 he adds1 affirm f9ally & cynically ! victory ( ! mi/ress ov] ! legitimate wife1 :ile ! la/ & wor/ insult ( all 0 9 us+ 8 own elde/ *ild z ! model = ! ,cupid1 & plac+ him 9 ! company ( ! hateful rival1 :o 9 ! end robb$ 8 wife ( all h] beauty & all h] happ9ess4 ,!re may be "s tru? 9 ?is attempt to recon/ruct a few pages ( ,holbe9's life-/ory1 b !re is little pro( to support x4 ,:]e pro( is lack+1 h[ev]1 ! writ]'s imag9ation fills ! gaps2 b x is n fair to condemn ! pa9t] ^u su* evid5ce z ?is1 or to hold him guilty ( infam\s conduct ^u ! /r5g? ( a few suppos$ lik5esses 9 8 pictures or designs4 ,:atev] ,holbe9's p]sonal relations to ,magdal5a ,(f5burg may h be51 %e appe>s to h be5 a good model1 :i* is 9 itself q suffici5t to expla9 ! fact t he pa9t$ ^! two portraits ( h]4 ,t he held h] 9 no p>ticul> e/eem may be ga!r$ f ! "n he gives h]1 j z ,niklaus ,manuel ,deuts*1 z not$ 9 a previ\s *apt]1 wrote an (f5sive rem>k z to h] "* on ! draw+ he made ( h]4 ,h] face1 z repres5t$ by ,holbe91 is fair1 b devoid ( any /rong feel+1 ?\gh ,knackfuss holds t 8a deep & quiet sorr[ lies 9 ! expression ( ! ref9$ face20 & t 8! s5se ( ! two pa9t+s is expla9$ by _! juxtaposition3 ! gold :i* %e desir$ _c make ! "y woman happy2 love alone c d s40#eba ,?is la/-nam$ writ] consid]s t ! pictures 7 n pa9t$ to "s "o's ord]1 b = ! arti/'s own amusem5t4 ,a "q ( mu* m int]e/ 9 connection ) ^! two works is _! au?or%ip4 ,!y diff] f all o!r portraits by ,holbe9 ( ! ,basel p]iod1 because 9 !m ! ,milanese influ5ce ^u 8 art is se5 at its /ronge/1 s t m ?an "o writ] ( repute has refus$ to admit t !y are 8 "w4 ,rumohr reg>d$ !m z f ! h& ( "s ,ne!rl&i% pa9t]1 & ,waag5 0 ( op9ion t ,holbe9 pa9t$ !m "u ,ne!rl&i% influ5ce4 ,wornum consid]$ !m to be ! "w ( "s ,milanese4 8,! /yle ( ! pa9t+10 he says1 8is m ,milanese1 9 col\r+ & 9 treatm5t1 ?an any?+ else1 exce$+ly elaborate1 cool 9 col\r1 dry 9 mann]1 & altoge!r unlike any o!r kn[n "w by our pa9t]4 ,9 ?is case ,i h n ! slighte/ fai? 9 ! ,am]ba* inv5tory4444 ,! two portraits h a decid$ ,milanese "*1 9 ! mann] ( ! s*ol>s ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci4 ,a visit to ,milan c\ld n h _h su* a wond]ful influ5ce on ,holbe9's ta/e z is %[n 9 ^! portraits1 or if su* be all[$ to be possible1 x is j z rem>kable t he %\ld h laid ?is ta/e d[n aga9 )\t leav+ a trace beh9d40#ebb ,mr4 ,davies foll[s ,wornum1 b goes /ill f>!r 9 sugge/+ ! "n ( ! ,nor? ,italian arti/ :o pa9t$ !m4 ,he says3 8,i may say at once t ,i am q unable to see any ,ne!rl&i% influ5ce or probable au?or%ip 9 ! pictures4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i see ! /ronge/ evid5ce ( ,lomb>d influ5ce1 & t 9 s direct a fa%ion & to su* a degree t ,i believe !m to be ! "w ( "s ,lomb>d arti/ :o _h come "u ! influ5ce ( ! lat] "w ( ,raphael4 ,! "n ( ,ces>e da ,se/o at once occurs to "o1 & if x 7 n = ! date #aebf on ! ,las picture1 !re w\ld be no great difficulty 9 accept+ x z a "w by him :i* _h f\nd its way across f ,milan--possibly ev5 9 ! pack ( ,holbe9 himself40#ebc ,he ackn[l$ges ! difficulty ( ! date--,da ,se/o 0 dead 9 #aebf--;& also ( ! r$-hair$ ,cupid 9 ! ,v5us picture1 s evid5tly bo? ,g]man & f ,holbe9's own h&1 & be>+ s close a resemblance to ! *ildr5 9 o!r pictures ( 81 su* z ! ,mey] ,madonna & ! ,family ,gr\p ( #aebh2 b 9 spite ( ?is1 8 f9al op9ion is t !y are mo/ probably ! "w ( ,ces>e da ,se/o4 ,he fur!r sugge/s t ,holbe91 8possess+1 or see+ 9 ! possession ( ,am]ba*1 ^! two small examples1 v simil> 9 attitude & motive10 s\ght to give !m v>iety1 by ins]t+ ! figure ( ,cupid 9 ! "o1 & ?us giv+ ?is ,italian lady ! "* ( ,v5us1 & 9 ! o!r ! gold co9s & ! title ( ,las1 8s z to turn a some:at unmean+ picture ( a woman into a quasi-classical p]sonality40 8,! ,(f5burg tradition10 he adds1 8,i %\ld :olly reject1 nor inde$ c ,i p]suade myself t ^! pictures are portraits by ,holbe9 ei!r ( t %ad[y lady or ( any o!r lady :atev]4 ,!y appe> to me to be pictures1 n ( "s well-m>k$ p]sonality1 b m]ely ,lomb>d s*ool types40 ,sid5ote3 ,,milanese ,,influ5ce ,,9 ,,! ,,la,s ,x is impossible to foll[ ,mr4 ,davies 9 ?is attribution4 ,woltmann's op9ion1 ) :i* mo/ mod]n critics are 9 agreem5t1 t !y are g5u9e works by ,holbe9 9 :i* ,lomb>d influ5ce is m /rongly m>k$ ?an 9 mo/ ( 8 o!r ,basel pa9t+s1 is ! correct "o4 ,! two panels are unmi/akably ! product ( a nor!rn pa9t] work+ "u "s s\!rn influ5ce1 & j z unmi/akably ! "w ( ,holbe9 himself1 z a close comp>ison ) 8 o!r "w ( ?is p]iod %[s v pla9ly4 ,?is ,milanese influ5ce 0 ! result ( 8 visit to ,lomb>dy1 & is to be trac$ 9 a great] or less] degree 9 all t he accompli%$ previ\sly to 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&4 8,_! w>m1 transp>5t te*nique & ! reali/ic ungracefulness ( ! drap]ies10 says ,mr4 ,c4 ,j4 ,holmes1 speak+ ( ! ,las & its companion1 8make !m *>act]i/ic nor!rn works1 j z ! ,raphaelesque folds & cool opaque pigm5t ( ,ces>e da ,se/o 9 8 lat] pa9t+s--! small ,madonna 9 ! ,br]a1 = example--are *>act]i/ically s\!rn40#ebd ,possibly = once 9 a way ,holbe9 0 mak+ a consci\s attempt to imitate ! mann] ( "s arti/ ( ! ,nor? ,italian s*ool ^: "w he _h se5 & admir$1 p]haps 9 ,basel itself1 s t ! ,lomb>d influ5ce is m pron\nc$ ?an 9 ^? pictures & designs 9 :i* he 0 less evid5tly mak+ an exp]im5t bas$ ^u :at he _h se5 9 ,italy1 & 9 :i* 8 own native g5ius 0 ! pr$om9at+ =ce4 ,= ! same reason x is v possible t 9 ! ,las & ! ,v5us1 ,holbe91 in/ead ( foll[+ 8 model closely1 gave play to 8 imag9ation1 & attempt$1 z ! type ( face1 ) d[nca/ eyes1 & p5sive1 almo/ melan*oly *>m ( expression sugge/s1 to emulate ! ,leon>desque mann]1 s t at ! be/ !y are m]ely idealis$ repres5tations ( ! notori\s ,magdal5a ,(f5burg4 ,!re is no d\bt t dur+ ! summ] ( #aebf1 9 spite ( 8 reputation z a pa9t]1 he f\nd x increas+ly difficult to ga9 a liv+1 & t1 9 consequ5ce1 he made up 8 m9d to seek 8 =tunes 9 "s o!r c\ntry1 & f9ally decid$ to visit ,engl&4 ,9 ^? e>ly days ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,switz]l&1 :5 ! ecclesia/ical disputes 7 assum+ s acute a =m1 & ris+s ( ! peasants & o!r viol5t di/urbances 7 gr[+ common1 !re 0 v little opportunity = arti/s to f9d remun]ative employm5t1 & ,holbe9 suff]$ ) ! re/4 ,! t[n au?orities _h no "t = consid]+ su* important public works z ! completion ( ! ,t[n ,hall decorations1 & all t !y c\ld f9d = him to d 0 an ill-paid job or two at long int]vals1 su* z ! "o already m5tion$1#ebe :i* 9 happi] times w\ld h be5 h>dly wor? 8 att5tion4 ,basel1 inde$1 no long] (f]$ a means ( livelihood to a pa9t] ) a wife1 a /epson1 & two *ildr5 ( 8 own to keep4 ,?r\gh\t ?is ye>1 too1 ! plague 0 rag+ 9 ! city1 & ?is may h prov$ ! la/ /raw :i* def9itely turn$ 8 ?\ghts 9 ! direction ( ,engl&4 ,num]\s leg5ds h gr[n up ar\nd ?is j\rney ( 81 :i* = ! mo/ "p h no f\ndation 9 fact4 ,! commone/1 fir/ voic$ by ,van ,m&]1 is to ! effect t ! ,e>l ( ,arundel1 :5 pass+ ?r\gh ,basel on 8 way home f ,italy "s ye>s previ\sly1 0 s delight$ ) ,holbe9's "w t he urg$ him to try 8 =tunes 9 ,engl&4 ,lat] on1 :5 ,holbe9 _h tak5 8 advice1 he 0 ask$ by ,sir ,?omas ,m1 :o x 0 :o _h sugge/$ ?is c\rse to him4 ,holbe9 repli$ t he _h =gott5 ! nobleman's "n1 b1 tak+ up a piece ( *>coal1 he rapidly sket*$ a face1 :i* ! ,*ancellor in/antly recognis$4 ,ano!r v]sion gives ! ,e>l ( ,surrey z ,holbe9's advis]2 b ! tale is a pure leg5d1 & has be5 told ( m ?an "o pa9t]4 ,ano!r /ory1 :i* has be5 (t5 repeat$1 gives z ! reason ( 8 dep>ture ! desire to escape f ! con/ant temp]s ( an ill-hum\r$ wife1 & t he !re=e left ,basel surreptiti\sly1 )\t obta9+ ! necess>y leave ( abs5ce f ! ,t[n ,c\ncil4 ,8 e>li] biograph]s all describe 8 relation%ips ) 8 wife z n v cordial ones1 b !y m]ely copi$ f "o ano!r1 & ?is aga9 may be m]e leg5d4 ,pat91 9 p>ticul>1 ^: acc\nt ( ,holbe9 is palpably exagg]at$ & (t5 false1 describes him z a drunk>d1 :o l$ a disord]ly life1 & 0 always s pov]ty-/rick5 t ,erasmus & ,am]ba* _h frequ5tly to come to 8 assi/ance--a /atem5t entirely devoid ( fact1 & suffici5tly disprov$ by ,holbe9's brilliant p]=mances 9 _m bran*es ( art4 ,pat9 also1 :5 speak+ ( ,holbe9's j\rney to ,engl&1 makes use ( ano!r fav\rite /ory told ( num]\s arti/s4 ,he says t on 8 way he pass$ ?r\gh ,/rasburg1 & call$ on ! pr9cipal pa9t] ( ! t[n1 b f\nd him out4 ,an unf9i%$ portrait /ood on ! easel1 :]eupon ,holbe9 pa9t$ a fly on ! =ehead1 & !n left4 ,:5 ! pa9t] return$ he attempt$ to bru% x away1 imag9+ x to be a real "o1 & 0 s impress$ by 8 unkn[n visitor's skill1 t he at once s\ght him out1 b f\nd t he _h already left ! t[n4 ,sid5ote3 ,,reasons ,,= ,,leav+ ,,basel ,x is1 ( c\rse1 possible t ,holbe9's dome/ic relations by t "t 7 n z cordial z 9 e>li] days1 & t 8 suppos$ connection ) ,magdal5a ,(f5burg may h r5d]$ !m /ill less pleasant1 & t ?is may h _h some?+ to d ) 8 dep>ture2 b ?is aga9 is m]e conjecture1 ( :i* no actual pro( is =?com+4 ,want ( "w 0 und\bt$ly ! *ief1 & possibly ! only cause ( 8 j\rney1 & no d\bt x 0 l>gely ! advice ( ,erasmus :i* f9ally decid$ him to take ! /ep4 ,erasmus1 :o _h already s5t m ?an "o example ( ,holbe9's skill z a portrait-pa9t] to ,engl&1 _h a l>ge circle ( fri5ds & patrons "h1 to :om he c\ld recomm5d ! arti/4 ,to ,w>ham & ,m1 at lea/1 ,holbe9's portrait ( ,erasmus _h already provid$ an in=mal introduction1 & !y may h be5 aw>e1 also1 ?\gh ?is is less likely1 t x 0 he :o design$ ! title-page us$ 9 ! edition ( ! ,utopia publi%$ by ,frob5 9 #aeah1 sign$ 8,hans ,holb40 ,9 #aebe a c]ta9 ,?omas ,grey & 8 y\nge/ son 7 liv+ ) ,erasmus 9 ,basel1 accord+ to a lett] f ! latt] to ,lupset2#ebf & ,grey1 too1 may h advis$ ,holbe9 to seek =tune at ,h5ry's c\rt4 8,grey10 says ,erasmus1 8reports t !re is no di/urbance 9 ,engl&10 & ?is news may h prov$ an add$ inducem5t to ! pa9t] to quit a c\ntry agitat$ ) religi\s & civil cont5tion = a m peaceful locality :]e ! arts c\ld fl\ri% 9 peace4 ,be=e leav+ ,basel1 ,holbe9 made "o la/ attempt1 z already rec\nt$1#ebg to obta9 f ! ,anton9e ,abbey ( ,is5heim ! pa9t+ mat]ials :i* 8 fa!r _h left !re "s ye>s previ\sly4 ,! /rongly-word$ lett]1 dat$ #d? ,july #aebf1 :i* ! ,burgoma/] ( ,basel1 ,he9ri* ,melt+]1 wrote at 8 reque/1 is address$ to ! 8v5]able ,h]r ,vic> & preceptor ( ! ,ord] ( ,/4 ,antonius at ,is55n1 our de> & graci\s ,ma/]10 & runs z foll[s3 8,v5]able1 graci\s1 & de> sir1 receive our fri5dly & ready s]vice4 ,hans ,holbe91 pa9t]1 our citiz51 has propos$ to u to pa9t an alt>-panel1 su* z 8 deceas$ fa!r pa9t$ 9 =m] ye>s4 ,he left "s implem5ts ( an exp5sive k9d1 weigh+ ab\t ?ree hundr$ & two cubic measures1 ) y at ,is5heim1 :i* he1 ,hans ,holbe91 repeat$ly dur+ ! lifetime ( 8 fa!r1 & at 8 desire1 & also aft] 8 decease1 be+ 8 heir1 dem&$ ( y1 b c\ld nev] obta92 = :at reasons he kn[s n4 ,?us ! matt] has be5 delay$ to su* an ext5t t ! peasants1 he is in=m$1 h wa/$ ^! implem5ts 9 ! la/ upro>1 & :5 he aga9 desir$ !m ( y1 z 8 fa!r's heir1 y ref]r$ him1 ) 8 reque/1 to ! peasants1 ) :om he has no?+ to d1 & to :om he has intru/$ no?+1 & notifi$ to him an appo9tm5t on ! ,saturday aft] ! next ,ulrici 7#g? ,july7 at ,ensi%eim4 ,we1 hav+ he>d 8 bus9ess1 & giv5 cr$5ce to x1 & be+ well incl9$ to fur!r him1 h n all[$ him to keep su* an appo9tm5t1 or to make any dem& ( ! peasants 7) :om he1 z we h he>d1 has no?+ to d71 b h firm confid5ce 9 y1 t y w weigh ! matt] ?or\ghly1 & h& ov] to him1 z ! heir ( 8 deceas$ fa!r1 completely & )\t difficulty1 ! a=em5tion$ implem5ts1 or1 9 case no?+ ( !m n[ exi/s1 comp5sate him = _! loss1 & s %[ y\rself t[>ds him 9 ! affair1 t he may feel t our int]cession has be5 advantage\s1 & t no fur!r /eps are necess>y4 ,su* behavi\r on y\r side we wi% = him1 to :om x is ju/ly due40#ebh ,?is lett] af=ds pro( t ,ambrosius ,holbe9 0 dead1 = 9 x ,hans is m5tion$ m ?an once z 8 fa!r's heir1 & x also %[s t ! ,basel ,c\ncil 7 n s actively oppos$ to ! pa9t+ ( alt>-pieces z o!r incid5ts ( ! "t sugge/4 ,no?+ fur!r is kn[n ( ?is alt>-panel :i* ,holbe9 propos$ to pa9t = !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,erasmus' ,,lett] ,,( ,,introduction ,x is evid5t t ! mat]ials1 :i* w\ld n[ h be5 v useful to him1 _h be5 de/roy$ or disp]s$ 9 ! peasant ris+1 & t he obta9$ nei!r col\rs nor r$ress4 ,he left ,basel = ,engl& on or ab\t ,augu/ #bi1 #aebf1 z appe>s f a lett] ( introduction ( t date :i* he c>ri$ ) him f ,erasmus to 8 fri5d ,pet] gidius1 ! le>n$ travell] & t[n-cl]k ( ,antw]p1 9 :i* ,holbe9 0 recomm5d$ to 8 notice z ! arti/ :o _h pa9t$ ,erasmus4 gidius is also ask$ to introduce him to ,qu5t9 ,metsys4 ,! "p ( ! lett] :i* ref]s to ,holbe9 7?\gh n by "n7 runs z foll[s3-- 8,! be>] ( ?is lett] is ! man :o pa9t$ my portrait4 ,i d n tr\ble y ) any comm5dation ( him1 ?\gh he is an excell5t arti/ 7artifex74 ,if he wants to call on ,qu5t91 & y h n leisure to introduce him1 y c s5d a s]vant ) him to %[ him ! h\se4 ,! arts are freez+ 9 ?is "p ( ! _w1 & he is on 8 way to ,engl& to pick up "s angels !re 7petit ,angliam ut corrodat aliquot ,angelatos--,erasmus plays ^u ! words ,angles & ,angels74 ,y c s5d on any lett]s y l by him40#ebi ,!re is no reason to suppose t ,holbe9 delay$ 8 dep>ture aft] receiv+ ?is lett] f 8 patron1 :o mu/ also h suppli$ him ) introductions to ,m1 ,w>ham1 & o!r fri5ds 9 ,engl&4 ,x 01 no d\bt1 necess>y = him to arrange ) ! ,t[n ,c\ncil = leave ( abs5ce1 & ?is hav+ be5 done1 he mu/ h />t$ n lat] ?an ! fir/ days ( ,septemb]1 rea*+ ,london t[>ds ! close ( ! same mon?4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,native ,,& ,,=eign ,,arti/s ,,9 ,,engl& ,,dur+ ,,! ,,reign ,,( ,,h5ry ,,viii ,h5ry ,,viii's patronage ( ! f9e arts--,engli% pa9t]s 9 8 s]vice--,john ,br[ne--,! ,paynt]-,/ayn]s' ,company--,&rew ,wright--,john ,he!--,=eign arti/s at ,h5ry's ,c\rt--,g]>d1 ,lucas1 & ,susanna ,hornebolt--,ka!r9e ,maynors & ,h5ry ,mayn]t--,johannes ,corvus--,! ,italian pa9t]s & sculptors--,pagan9o--,pietro ,torrigiano--,v9c5t ,volpe--,aless&ro ,c>millian--,antonio ,toto & ,b>tolommeo ,p5ni--,b5$etto da ,rovezzano & ,giovanni da ,maiano--,nicolas ,bell9 ( ,mod5a--,girolamo da ,treviso4 ,,be=e describ+ ! "w c>ri$ out by ,holbe9 dur+ 8 fir/ visit to ?is c\ntry1 x may be ( s]vice to give a %ort acc\nt ( ! /ate ( art 9 ,engl& at t p]iod1 & ( ! v>i\s =eign pa9t]s & craftsm5 !n settl$ 9 ,london1 & ( ! few native arti/s ^: names h surviv$4 ,engl& "u ,tudor rule (f]$ a f> bett] field = lucrative employm5t ?an ,basel = a pa9t] ( ,holbe9's g5ius4 ,h5ry ,,viii 0 /ill at ! highe/ po9t ( 8 reputation z a mon>*1 popul> ) all classes ( 8 subjects1 & an ard5t patron ( lit]ature & ! f9e arts4 ,he 0 himself "o ( ! mo/ accompli%$ m5 ( 8 "t )9 8 own realm4 ,he 0 pr(ici5t 9 ,lat91 ,fr5*1 ,spani%1 & ,italian1 & assidu\s 9 all affairs ( /ate4 ,he 0 passionately fond ( music1 & skilful bo? 9 its practice & !ory1 play+ well ^u ! lute1 organ1 & h>psi*ord4 ,he also sang & danc$ well4 8,8 delight 9 gorge\s pageantry & spl5did c]emonial10 says ,dr4 ,brew]1#ecj 8if )\t any /udi$ design1 0 n )\t advantage4 ,clo? ( gold & tissue1 ,new ,ye>'s gifts1 ,*ri/mas masqu]ades1 & ,may ,day mumm]ies1 fell ) heavy exp5se on ! nobility1 b af=d$ a *eap & gratuit\s amusem5t to ! p4 ,! r\ghe/ ( ! populace 7 n exclud$ f _! %>e 9 ! enjoym5t4 ,sometimes1 9 a boi/]\s fit ( delight1 he w\ld all[ & ev5 invite ! look]s-on to scramble = ! ri* ornam5ts ( 8 own dress & ^? ( 8 c\rti]s4 ,unlike 8 fa!r1 he %[$ himself ev]y:]e4 ,he ent]$ ) ease into ! sports ( o!rs1 & all[$ !m ) equal ease to %>e 9 840 ,sid5ote3 ,,h5ry ,,viii ,,z ,a ,,patron ,,( ,,arts ,h5ry's ,c\rt 0 consid]$ to be ! mo/ magnific5t ( its "t4 ,l>ge sums 7 sp5t on luxuries1 on dress1 & 9 o!r directions4 ,=eign jewell]s1 & deal]s 9 ! f9e arts1 f\nd 9 ! ,k+ a ready pur*as]4 ,he 0 int]e/$ 9 ar*itecture1 & gave a close p]sonal att5tion to ! build+ & decoration ( 8 v>i\s palaces4 ,he 0 a collector ( beautiful arm\r & weapons1 & employ$ _m =eign craftsm5 9 diff]5t decorative arts4 ,9 pa9t+ he took an equal pleasure1 & he 0 ! fir/ ( ! ,engli% k+s to =m an important collection ( pictures1 :i* 0 hung 9 a gall]y 9 8 palace ( ,:itehall1 ( :i* he himself kept ! key4 ,he ?rew out inducem5ts to =eign arti/s to settle 9 ,engl& & ent] 8 s]vice1 & 9 8 patronage ( ! f9e arts display$ a ke5 b fri5dly rivalry ) ,francis ,i4 ,^! =eign]s 7 *iefly ,italian1 ?\gh a c]ta9 numb] ( pa9t]s & craftsm5 _h come ov] f ! ,ne!rl&s4 ,among !m all1 h[ev]1 !re 0 no "o :o 9 any way approa*$ ! greatness ( ,holbe9 z an arti/4 ,sev]al m5 ( consid]able skill & "s arti/ic pret5sions rema9$ 9 ,engl& = m or less l5g?y p]iods1 b !re 0 no ma/] ( ! fir/ rank ei!r f ,italy or ,fl&]s4 ,unlike 8 rival1 ,francis ,i1 ,h5ry 0 unable to attract to 8 ,c\rt m5 ( su* out/&+ p[]s z ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 ,b5v5uto ,cell9i1 or ,primaticcio1 all ( :om ent]$ ! s]vice ( ! ,fr5* ,cr[n4 ,holbe91 inde$1 _h no?+ to fe> f ! rivalry ( any =eign] at t "t settl$ 9 ,london1 & /ill less f ! num]\s ,engli% pa9t]s1 :o 7 ( little importance & ( m$iocre abilities4 ,native tal5t1 inde$1 0 at a v l[ ebb4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,italian revival ( le>n+ made itself felt 9 ?is c\ntry at an e>li] date ?an t ( ! r5aissance ( ! arts4 ,no s*ool ( ,engli% pa9t+ 0 9 exi/5ce capable ( tak+ advantage ( su* influ5ce1 & ( bas+ a new native art ^u x4 ,! ,engli% pa9t]s1 inde$1 7 h>dly pa9t]s at all 9 ! mod]n s5se4 ,_m ( !m 7 m]e h\se-pa9t]s & decorators2 tradesm5 occupi$ 9 v>i\s m or less arti/ic ways1 b r>ely1 if ev]1 9 ! pa9t+ ( pictures or portraits4 ,!y 7 pa9t]s ( h]aldic devices & %ields1 ( bann]s & arm\r1 ( walls1 ceil+s1 & %ips1 :i* c be def9itely assign$ to any "o ( !m2 ev5 su* ?ird-rate productions z ^? pres]v$ at ,hampton ,c\rt1 l 8,! ,battle ( ,spurs10 or 8,! ,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold10 = g5]ations attribut$ to ,holbe91 7 probably n f ! h& ( an ,engli%man1 b ! "w ( =eign]s4 ,at ! "t ( ,holbe9's arrival 9 ,london1 9 ! w9t] ( #aebf-aebg1 ! lead+ ,engli% arti/ 0 ,john ,br[ne1 :o 0 s]jeant-pa9t] to ! ,k+1 an (fice he held = m ?an tw5ty ye>s4 ,he 0 appo9t$ to ! po/ on ! #bj? ,decemb] #aeaa1 9 ! ?ird ye> ( ,h5ry's reign1 ) an all[ance ( twop5ce a day out ( ! issues ( ! lord%ip ( ,:itley1 9 ,surrey1 & f\r ells ( clo? at ,*ri/mas1 annually1 ( ! value ( #fs4 #h;d4 an ell1 f ! keep] ( ! great w>drobe1 = 8 liv]y4#eca ,sid5ote3 ,,john ,,br[ne1 ,,s]jeant-,,pa9t] ,on ! #bd? ,septemb] #aeaa he receiv$ ! balance ( 8 bill = pa9t+ ! /ream]s1 bann]s1 flags1 & /aves belong+ to ! ,k+'s %ip1 ,! ,m>y & ,john1 am\nt+ to #af1 #ads4 #h;d41 & on ! #ag? ,decemb] 9 ! same ye>1 #adb1 #ds4 #f;d4 = pa9t+ & /a9+ bann]s = ,! ,m>y ,rose & ,! ,pet] ,p\nde ,g>n>de 7,pomegranate74#ecb ,br[ne occasionally employ$ ! s]vices ( ,v9c5t ,volpe1 an ,italian1 = ?is bann]-pa9t+1 & also f "t to "t suppli$ ! mat]ials = ! royal revels4 ,?us1 = ! j\/s on ! #a/ ,june #aeab1 8#b1ajj ( p>ty gold0 = surcoats 0 b\ght f him = #b1 #fs41 & 9 ! foll[+ ye> he receiv$ #aj;d4 = ! hire ( sails 8to %ad[ ! p]cloos = ! pageant40#ecc ,9 ,june #aeac he receiv$ #d1 #hs4 #h;d4 f ! royal purse = pa9t+ 8div]s ( ! ,pope's arms 9 div]s col\rs10 & on ! #aj? ,april 9 ! foll[+ ye> he r5d]$ an acc\nt = "w done on ! ,k+'s royal %ip1 ! ,great ,h>ry or ,h5ry ,grace ,dieu1 :i* includ$ ! supply ( flags1 bann]s1 & /ream]s1 two ( !m ) crosses ( ,/4 ,george1 & pa9t+ sixty /aves 9 ! ,k+'s col\rs 9 oil at #f;d4 apiece4#ecd ,br[ne 0 among ^? employ$ ^u ! tempor>y build+s at ,guisnes1 :i* includ$ a banquet+ h\se & a *apel1 & lodg+s = ,h5ry & 8 ,que5 & ! memb]s ( ! ,engli% & ,fr5* ,c\rts1 erect$ = ! purpose ( ,h5ry's /ate visit to ,france1 & 8 meet+ ) ,francis1 kn[n z ! ,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold4 ,sir ,ni*olas ,vaux wrote to ,wolsey t !y w\ld be able to f9i% ! squ>e c\rt by ! la/ day ( ,may1 provid$ ,john ,ra/ell1 ,clem5t ,urme/on1 & ,john ,br[ne1 ! ,k+'s pa9t]1 8d make & g>ni% all ! roses--a m>vell\s great *>ge1 = ! roses be l>ge & /ately40#ece ,lat] on compla9t is made f ! same correspond5t1 t ,br[ne1 :o has to gild ! ro(s1 has n yet rea*$ ,calais4#ecf ,= ?is "w he receiv$ two paym5ts ( #ff1 #acs4 #d;d41 & #ccc1 #fs4 #h;d4 ,= ! mask+ at ,new ,hall on ! #ai? ,febru>y #aebj1 he 0 paid #ai1 #acs4 #d;d4 = ! beat+ & putt+ on ! scales ( gold & silv] on ! g>m5ts & bonnets ( sev5 *ildr51 "o 9 r$1 p[d]$ ) gold suns & cl\ds2 ! second 9 yell[1 p[d]$ ) moons & cl\ds2 ! ?ird 9 blue1 p[d]$ ) drops ( silv]2 ! f\r? p[d]$ ) gold primroses2 ! fif? ) silv] honeysuckles2 ! six? ) gold />s1 & ! sev5? ) silv] sn[flakes4#ecg ,by "r ( 8 (fice ( s]jeant-pa9t] he _h ! provision ( coats = ! h]alds4 ,?us1 9 #aebj he receiv$ #djs4 = a tab>d ( s>c5et pa9t$ = ,nott+ham pursuivant4#ech ,9 #aebc he r5d]$ an acc\nt ( 8p>cellis ( /uff0 made = ! 8high & myghty prynce ,*>lis duke ( ,suffolke1 !n beyng a poynttyd to be lyffet5ant g5]all ( ,kyngis royall armye 9 to ! p>tyes ( ,france40 ,! items includ$ a /&>d wr\ght ) f9e gold & silv] on d\ble s>c5et fr+$ ) silk 7#c71 bann]s ) ! ,duke's arms1 a coat ( arms wr\ght ) f9e gold & silks & 9 oil on d\ble s>c5et = 8 h]ald1 & escut*eons 9 metal on pap] royal1 & o!rs 9 col\r1 & on buckram1 ea* ) 8 arms1 & s on1 ! total bill am\nt+ to #bf1 #cs4#eci ,9 #aebd1 = ! revels at ,gre5wi*1 9 :i* a ca/le 0 assault$ 9 ! tilt-y>d1 he provid$ ! pa9t$ clo?s ( :i* ! %am build+s 7 made--8iiij pessys ( clo! payntyng ( ,antuyke1 :]e) ! ,ka/ell 0 env5yd10 & = v>i\s bann]s & coats ( arms1 #d1 #ajs4#edj ,= revels held on ! #aj? ,novemb] #aebg1 ,br[ne suppli$ all ! mat]ials1 includ+ pa9ts1 glue1 scissors1 gold-foil1 c41 to ! am\nt ( #ba1 #fs4 #j;d41 :i* 7 us$ = mak+ trees1 bu%es1 bran*es1 roses1 rosem>y1 haw?orn1 mulb]ries1 panes ( gold1 8flosynge ( />s10 c41 = a 8place ( plesy]0 erect$ "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ,ri*>d ,gibson at ,gre5wi*4 ,! masque 0 a !ological "o1 9 :i* ,lu!r & 8 wife appe>$1 z well z ! ,apo/les1 ,religion1 ,h]esy1 & simil> *>act]s4#eda ,^! v>i\s details1 :i* c\ld be multipli$1 are suffici5t to indicate ! k9d ( "w ^u :i* ! ,k+'s s]jeant-pa9t] 0 usually engag$2 & all ! o!r ,engli% pa9t]s 7 m5 ( a simil> /amp--decorators1 sc5e-pa9t]s ( a k9d1 b r>ely1 if ev]1 pa9t]s ( a panel picture4 ,sid5ote3 ,,&rew ,,wright1 ,,s]jeant-,,pa9t] ,br[ne prosp]$ 9 8 call+1 & on ,may #g1 #aebb1 0 elect$ an ,ald]man ( ,london = ! ,w>d ( ,f>r+don ,)\t4 ,at fir/ he 0 unwill+ to accept (fice1 & 0 committ$ to w>d = refusal1 b aft]w>ds compli$1 & 0 appo9t$ "o ( ! ,ald]m5 to ! ,hab]da%]s' ,company4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 on ,july #be?1 he 0 translat$ to ! ,w>d ( ,f>r+don ,)94 ,8 s]vice1 h[ev]1 always appe>s to h be5 an unwill+ "o1 & 9 #aebe1 be=e he _h s]v$ ! (fice ( ,%]iff or ,mayor1 he 0 on 8 own reque/ dis*>g$ f ! (fice ( ,ald]man1 = :i* he gave to ! ,*amb] ( ,london two great /&+ salts ( silv]-gilt4 8,he made 8 w on ! #ag? ,septemb] #aecb1 & on ! #ba/ ( ! same mon? he convey$ to 8 bre?r5 ( ! ,paynt]-,/ayn]s a h\se 9 ,tr9ity ,lane1 :i* he _h pur*as$ ne>ly ?irty ye>s be=e1 & :i* has f t "t cont9u$ to be ! ,pa9t]s' ,hall4 ,dy+ soon aft]1 he 0 buri$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,v$a/1 at ! we/ end ( ,*epe2 & 8 w 0 prov$ on ! #bnd ,decemb] foll[+40#edb ,?is w1 & ! docum5ts 9 connection ) ! transf]5ce ( ! h\se to ! ,paynt]-,/ayn]s1 make u acqua9t$ ) ! names ( _m ( ! ,engli% pa9t]s at "w 9 ,london at t p]iod4 ,he left all 8 books ( arms & badges & books ( tricks ( arms to 8 appr5tice1 ,ry*>d ,bygnalle1 z well z pa9t+ mat]ials & o!r mat]ials at co/ price to a second appr5tice or 8s]vaunte10 ,john ,*ilde4 ,to ,ri*>d ,cal>d & ,john ,h[ell1 bo? bro!r pa9t]s1 he left 8 be/ 8prymm]0 & a d\blet respectively4 ,among o!r ,engli% pa9t]s m5tion$ 9 ! de$ ( ,septemb] #ba/1 #aecb1 7 ,&rew ,wright1 :o succe$$ him z s]jeant-pa9t]1 ,*ri/oph] ,wright1 ,ri*>d ,rypyngale1 ,ri*>d ,la9e1 ,?omas ,alex&]1 ,john ,he!1 ,ri*>d ,gates1 ,?omas ,cry/yne1 ,william ,lucas1 ,ri*>d ,hauntl[e1 & ,rob]t ,cope4 ,a lat] conveyance 7( #aedi7 adds ! names ( sev]al memb]s ( ! ,wysdom family1 & ,david ,playne1 ,?omas ,ball>d1 ,?omas ,uncle1 ,?omas ,cob1 ,?omas ,sp5s]1 ,john ,feltes1 ,william ,wagynton1 ,william ,cudnor1 ,ri*>d ,fl9t1 ,ri*>d ,wright 7probably a son ( ,&rew71 & ,mel*ior ,engleb]d1 a =eign] :o _h become naturalis$4#edc ,walpole#edd m5tions ,john ,br[ne's portrait z /ill pres]v$ 9 ,pa9t]-,/a9]s' ,hall1 b x is n a contempor>y "w4 ,x repres5ts him attir$ 9 ! g[n & gold *a9 ( an ald]man1 & 0 probably pa9t$ "s "t aft] ! ,great ,fire ( #afff1 to take ! place ( an e>li] "o t _h be5 de/roy$4 ,&rew ,wright succe$$ ,john ,br[ne4 ,on ,june #ai1 #aecb1 he receiv$ a grant ( ! 8rev]sion ( ! (fice ( ! ,k+'s s]jeant-pa9t]1 ) an annuity ( #aj out ( ! small cu/om & subsidy ( tonnage & p\ndage 9 ! port ( ,london1 z ! said (fice 0 grant$ by pat5t #ab? ,m>*1 #ah ,h54 ,,viii1 to ,john ,br[ne40#ede ,9 ! ,k+'s acc\nts = ,febru>y #aecb he appe>s1 9 ! phonetic spell+ ( ! day1 z 8,&rewe ,oret10 receiv+ on ! #bj? ( t mon? #cj = 8pa9t+ ( ! ,k+'s b>ge1 & ! cov]+ ( ! same40#edf ,dur+ #aecb he 0 at "w 9 ,we/m9/] ,palace4 ,?irty-"o pa9t]s 7 occupi$ !re ^u a l>ge wall-pa9t+ ( ! ,coronation ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 8made & set out 9 ! ,l[ ,gall]y by ! or*>d1 z also ^u ! outsides ( ! walls ( ! ,new ,gall]y40 ,bo? ,engli%m5 & =eign]s 7 engag$4 ,isaac ,lebrune1 :o appe>s to h be5 ! =eman pa9t]1 receiv$ a %ill+ a day2 ,john ,augu/yne & ,nic4 ,lasora1 t5p5ce2 ,william ,plasyngton1 sev5p5ce2 & ,rob]t ,%ort1 sixp5ce4 ,&rew ,wright's %>e 0 ! gild+ ( ! gall]y ro(1 includ+ ! pa9t+ & gild+ ( f\r 8cases ( iron = clockis10#edg ! latt] be+ v simil> to at lea/ "o piece ( "w und]tak5 by ,holbe9 9 ,basel %ortly aft] 8 return f 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,9 a li/ ( debts1 dat$ #aecf1 ow+ by ,que5 ,anne ,boleyn at h] dea?1 occurs ! "n ( 8,&r[1 paynt]10 = #bis4 #d;d41 :i* probably ref]s to ,wright2#edh & on ! #bi? ,septemb] #aeci1 8 "n1 z ! ,k+'s pa9t]1 appe>s 9 ! ,great ,w>drobe acc\nts z "o ( ! royal cr$itors4#edi ,aga91 on ! #ag? ,july 9 t ye> 7#aeci7 he is m5tion$ 9 ,?omas ,cromwell's acc\nts z ,&rew ,wryte or ,wryght1 8= ?+s done at my ,"l's /allation10 z ,knight ( ! ,g>t]1 #ba1 #gs42#eej :ile 9 ,may #aeda he is paid by w>rant1 out ( ! ,k+'s h\sehold exp5ses1 #ci1 #fs4 #h;d4 8= ! pa9t+ ( c]ta9 coats ( arms = ! h]alds at arms40#eea ,wright di$ 9 ! same ye> z ,holbe91 b a few mon?s e>li]1 & 8 w 0 prov$ 9 ! ,pr]ogative ,c\rt ( ,cant]bury on ! #bi? ,may #aedc4 8,he left e/ates at ,/rat=d-le-,b[1 at #8! ,gleane' 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,olave1 ,s\?w>k1 #8! ,bottle' 9 ,b]mondsey1 & at ,c[d51 9 ,k5t1 :]e he _h a manufactory ( #8pynck4' 7,p9k 0 a vegetable pigm5t1 answ]+ to ! giallo santo ( ! ,italians1 & /il-de-gra9 ( ! ,fr5*47 ,he desir$ to be buri$1 l 8 pr$ecessor1 ,br[ne1 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,v$a/1 & reque/$ 8 fri5d ,g>t] 7,*ri/oph] ,b>k]7 to be ov]se] ( ! w1 a circum/ance :i* te/ifies to 8 connection 9 bus9ess ) ! ,college ( ,h]alds40#eeb ,he left #dj & all 8 vessels & app>atus = ! mak+ ( p9k to 8 elde/ son1 ,*ri/oph]1 & #dj to ! y\ng] son1 ,ri*>d1 & #d a ye> s long z he liv$ ) 8 "m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,hornebolt ,,family ,john ,he!1 or ,hea?1 ano!r memb] ( ! ,pa9t]-,/a9]s' ,company1 "o ( ! pa9t]s to :om ,john ,br[ne's h\se 0 consign$1 0 also 9 ! royal employm5t1 & 0 v probably "o ( ! m5 engag$ at ,nonsu* ,palace4#eec ,8 w is dat$ #a/ ,augu/ #aeeb1 & 9 x he leaves to 8 eld] son1 ,lancelot1 8my frames1 t5tes1 /oles1 patrons1 /ones1 mull]s1 ) ! necess>ies belong+ or app]ta9+ to ,paynt\r's crafte10 & to 8 second son1 ,lawr5ce1 8all my moldes & mold$ "w t ,i s]v$ ! ,k+e )al10 :ile to ea* ( 8 appr5tices he bequea!d #fs4 #h;d4 & a gr9d+/one1 & to 8 ,company #bjs41 8to make !m a recreation or banket ymm$iatlye aft] my decease40#eed ,among ! li/ ( ! ?+s :i* he wi%$ to be left 9 8 h\se s long z 8 wife dwelt !re1 he m5tions 8pictures 9 tables10 :i* at fir/ sight w\ld seem to indicate t he occasionally pa9t$ pictures4 ,x is m likely1 h[ev]1 t ^! 7 works by o!r arti/s1 =1 l 8 bro!r pa9t]-/a9]s1 he appe>s to h be5 *iefly a decorator & a mak] ( m\ld$ & col\r$ "w = h\se-fronts & royal resid5ces su* z ,nonsu* & o!r m tempor>y purposes1 su* z masques & revels1 & ! ornam5tation ( build+s erect$ = p>ticul> occasions1 :i* 7 pull$ d[n :5 done )1 :ile ! m\ld$ "w 0 pres]v$ = future use4 ,! m valuable ( ^! m\lds 7 (t5 kept 9 lea!r cases made on purpose = !m4 ,( f> great] importance z arti/s1 & m dang]\s rivals to ,holbe9 9 8 se>* = "w 9 ,engl&1 7 ! num]\s ,italians & ,ne!rl&]s at t "t settl$ "h1 &1 9 mo/ in/ances1 atta*$ to ! ,c\rt4 ,! mo/ important gr\p ( pa9t]s ( ! latt] nationality 7 ! ?ree memb]s ( ! ,hoor5bault1 ,hornebolt1 or ,hornebaud family1 ,g]>d1 ,lucas1 & ,susanna4 ,?is family belong$ to ,gh5t1 & f ! fir/ ye>s ( ! fifte5? c5tury _h be5 pa9t]s & ma/]s ( ! ,guild ( ,/4 ,luke4 ,! exact relation%ips ( ! ?ree are n entirely cle>4 ,walpole roll$ ! two m5 into "o1 & call$ him ,g]>d ,luke ,horneb&4#eee ,mr4 ,ni*ols#eef sugge/s t ,luke 0 ,g]>d's eld] bro!r1 & t ,susanna 0 _! si/]4 ,mr4 ,wornum#eeg reg>d$ ,g]>d z ! fa!r ( ! o!r two4 ,!re are sev]al ,hoor5baults nam$ ,lucas 9 ! li/s ( ! ma/]s ( ! ,gh5t ,guild--"o 9 #aeab1 :o 0 sub-dean 9 #aebe2 ano!r :o 0 admitt$ 9 #aecc1 & 0 sub-dean 9 #aeci2 & a ?ird ,lucas1 ! son ( ,lucas1 admitt$ 9 #aecd4eeh ,! "n ,g]>d does n occur 9 ! li/s1 b 9 ! communal acc\nts = #aeaj-aa1 !re are paym5ts to ,gh]a]d ,hurebaut1 scild]e1 = pa9t+ a plan ( "p ( ! t[n ( ,gh5t & its neighb\rhood4 ,he pa9t$ alt>-pieces = ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,bavon1 design$ ve/m5ts1 & 0 employ$ z an illum9ator ( books by ,m>g>et ( ,au/ria at ,antw]p & ,me*l94#eeh ,albre*t ,dr] met him at ,antw]p 9 #aeba1 :5 on 8 j\rney ?r\gh ! ,ne!rl&s1 & not$ 9 8 di>y--8,item1 ,ma/] ,g]h>t1 ,illum9ator1 has a "y daught]1 ab\t eighte5 ye>s ( age1 h] "n is ,susanna2 %e has made a col\r$ draw+ ( ,our ,savi\r1 = :i* ,i gave h] a flor92 x is wond]ful t a woman %\ld be able to d su* a "w40 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,hornebolt ,,family ,?is ,g]>d 0 m>ri$ to ,m>g>et ,sv&]s1 ( ,gh5t1 daught] ( ,d]i* ,sv&]s & wid[ ( ,jan van ,he]weghe4#eeh ,%e di$ at ,fulham on #bf? ,novemb] #aebi 9 ! h\se ( h] daught] ,susanna1 :o 0 !n ! wife ( ,john ,p>k]1 ! ,k+'s b[man & a yeoman ( ! robes1 z may be ga!r$ f a brass plate ) a ,lat9 inscription 9 ,fulham ,*ur*1 9 :i* h] husb& is spok5 ( z ,g]>d ,hornebolt1 ! mo/ not$ pa9t] ( ,gh5t4#eei ,!re is no evid5ce to %[ t x 0 ?is ,g]>d :o came to ,engl&1 & ,mr4 ,cu/'s surmise is probably correct1#efj t ! ,lucas1 ,g]>d1 & ,susanna :o 7 employ$ at ,h5ry's ,c\rt1 7 ! *ildr5 ( ,g]>d & ,m>g>et ,hoor5bault4 ,luke 0 always 9 receipt ( a high] sal>y ?an ,g]>d f ! royal purse1 8 mon?ly wages be+ #ees4 #f;d41 :]eas ,g]>d only receiv$ #ccs4 #d;d4 ,?is w\ld h>dly h be5 ! case _h ! latt] be5 8 fa!r4 ,luke 0 probably ! eld] bro!r4 ,! eld] ,g]>d 0 dead 9 ,gh5t 9 #aedj-a1 :5 8 son ,joris 0 s]v$ z 8 heir4 ,8 wife ,m>g>et seems to h be5 only 9 ,engl& on a visit to h] daught] & son-9-law :5 %e di$ at ,fulham 9 #aebi4 ,! ?ree ,hornebolts1 z _! "n 0 anglicis$1 appe> to h arriv$ 9 ,engl& only a ye> or two be=e ,holbe94 ,! exact date ( _! entry into ,h5ry's s]vice _c be asc]ta9$1 z1 un=tunately1 none ( ! royal h\sehold acc\nts prior to ,octob] #aebh h be5 pres]v$1 & 9 t mon? bo? ,luke & ,g]>d are ent]$ z receiv+ ! sal>ies m5tion$ above4 ,bo? ,vas>i & ,lodovico ,guicci>d9i 7#aefg7 speak ( ,lucas ,huremb\t z a well-kn[n illum9ator ( ,gh5t1 & /ate t 8 si/] ,susanna 0 s r5[n$ = simil> "w t %e 0 induc$ to come to ,engl& by ,h5ry ,,viii1 :]e %e 0 9 great fav\r at ! ,c\rt1 & di$ "h ri* & hon\r$4 ,imm]zeel 9 8 ,de ,lev5s en ,w]k5 d] ,holl&s*e en ,vlaams*e ,kun/s*ild]s 7#ahdb7 says t %e m>ri$ an ,engli% sculptor nam$ ,:or/ley1 & di$ at ,worce/]1 b ^u :at au?ority he bas$ ?is /atem5t is n kn[n4 ,luke ,hornebolt receiv$ a grant ( d5ization by pat5t dat$ #bbnd ,june #aecd1 9 :i* he is describ$ z a native ( ,fl&]s1 ) lic5ce to keep 9 8 s]vice f\r j\rneym5 or cov5ant s]vants1 born out ( ! ,k+'s dom9ions1 not)/&+ ! /atute ( #ad #ae ,h5ry ,,viii to ! contr>y4 ,by a second pat5t ( ! same date he receiv$ a 8grant ( ! (fice ( ,k+'s pa9t]1 & ( a t5em5t or messuage 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>g>et 9 ,we/m9/]1 an empty place on ! ea/ side ( ! same t5em5t1 ! s\? ( :i* looks ^u ! h]mitage ( ,/4 ,ka!r9e1 & ! nor? "p on a t5em5t lately built by ! ,cr[n40#efa ,he di$ 9 ,london 9 ,may #aedd2 8 w1 :i* is dat$ #h? ,decemb] #aedc1 0 prov$ on #bg? ,may #aedd4 ,he receiv$ 8 wages up to ,april 9 t ye>1 b 9 ,may is ent]$ z 8,item1 = ,lewke ,hornebaude1 paynt]1 wages nil quia mortuus40 ,9 8 w he calls himself ,lucas ,hornebolt1 8s]vante & pa9t] unto ! ,k+es maje/ie10 & reque/s to be buri$ :]e x %all please 8 fri5ds 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>t9s-9-!-,fields beside ,*>+ ,cross4 ,he leaves 8 wife1 ,m>g>et1 possibly an ,engli%woman1 & 8 daught]1 ,jacomyne1 8 executrices1 ) two-?irds ( 8 prop]ty to ! =m] & "o-?ird to ! latt]4 ,ri*>d ,airell 0 appo9t$ ov]se] ( ! w1 & ,william ,delahay & ,rob]t ,sp5s] 7 ! witnesses4 ,no?+ is def9itely kn[n z to ! pa9t+s produc$ by ^! ?ree arti/s 9 ,engl&1 ?\gh x is v possible t c]ta9 ( ! num]\s portraits ( ,h5ry ,,viii /ill 9 exi/5ce 7 pa9t$ by ,luke & ,g]>d1 & t "s ( ! m9iatures ( him 7 f ! bru% ( ,susanna1 all su* pa9t+s1 9 e>li] days1 be+ attribut$ to ,holbe94 ,! portrait ( ,h5ry ,,viii 9 ,w>wick ,ca/le1 & simil> v]sions 9 ,kimbolton ,ca/le1 ,/4 ,b>?olomew's ,hospital1 & else:]e1 are n[ g5]ally ascrib$ to "o or o!r ( ! ,hornebolts4 ,! la/-nam$ v]sion is dat$ #aedd1 s t ,holbe9 c\ld n h pa9t$ x4 ,ano!r v]sion1 belong+ to ! ,m>quis ( ,bute1 0 said by ,dr4 ,waag51 :o saw x at ,luton ,h\se1 to be 8exactly l ! picture by ,holbe9 at ,w>wick ,ca/le1 only less f9i%$4 ,if by ,g]>d ,horeb\t1 z /at$ "h1 x is a copy f ,holbe940 ,! v fact t tradition atta*$ ! "n ( an almo/ unkn[n arti/ to ?is picture ( ! ,k+1 9 ! days :5 x 0 ! fa%ion to reg>d e portrait ( ,h5ry ,,viii z a "w ( ,holbe9's1 is suffici5t to sugge/ t ! tradition is 9 all probability ! correct "o4 8,:5 tradition10 says ,mr4 ,wornum1 8not)/&+ ! mis*iev\s activity ( presumptu\s ignorance1 has /ill h&$ d[n works ) comp>atively obscure names atta*$ to !m1 ! fact alone %\ld g a great way t[>ds its confirmation z tru?40#efb ,dr4 ,waag51 h[ev]1 nev] hesitat$ to disc>d su* attributions1 & (t5 saw ,holbe9 9 pictures :i* m mod]n criticism has %[n c\ld n h be5 f 8 bru%4 ,lucas is said to h giv5 ,holbe9 8 fir/ in/ructions 9 m9iature-pa9t+1 & no d\bt all ?ree memb]s ( ! family 7 m9iaturi/s & illum9ators1 & 7 employ$ 9 produc+ ! small portraits ( ! ,k+ & ! memb]s ( 8 family s (t5 requir$ by ,h5ry = s5d+ abroad z gifts to o!r reign+ mon>*s or z pres5ts to subjects :om he wi%$ to hon\r4 ,?us1 9 ! summ] ( #aebg1 ! ,k+ s5t1 ?r\gh 8 repres5tative 9 ,p>is1 portraits ( himself & ! ,pr9cess ,m>y to ,francis ,i4 ,:e!r ^! 7 m9iatures or n is unc]ta91 b ^u ! backs ( !m 7 pa9t$ v>i\s royal devices1 :i* 7 expla9$ to ! ,fr5* ,k+1 :o 8lik$ !m s+ul>ly well1 & at ! fir/ sight ( ,h5ry's #8phisonamye' took (f 8 bonnet1 say+ he knew well t face1 & fur!r1 #8,je prie ,dieu que il luy done bone vie et longue4' ,he !n look$ at ! ,pr9cess's1 /&+ 9 contemplation & behold+ !re( a great :ile1 & gave mu* comm5dation & laud unto ! same40#efc ,^! two portraits may h be5 pa9t$ by "o or o!r ( ! ,hornebolts4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m9iatures ,,( ,,! ,,k+ ,,9 ,,de$s ,m ?an "o de$ ( ! p]iod1 pres]v$ 9 ! ,record ,(fice1 is ornam5t$ ) an initial lett] conta9+ a portrait ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,?us1 on "o confirm+ to ,wolsey's ,college at ,ox=d all ! possessions grant$ to !m by ! ,k+1 dat$ #e? ,may #aebf1 !re is a f9e m9iature ( ,h5ry 9 ! initial lett] done by an arti/ ( consid]able ability4#efd ,o!r de$s hav+ ref]5ce to ! ,c>d9al's ,college at ,ipswi* h ! royal m9iature & arms1 z well z ,wolsey's arms & insignia1 beautifully trick$ by "s =eign]2 & ano!r1 deal+ ) ! same college1 ) a m9iature ( ! ,k+1 ! royal support]s1 c4 c41 ) an ar*itectural column by ! side ( ! initial lett]1 & an angel be>+ ! lett]s 8,h4,r40#efe ,^! are all ( ! ye> #aebh1 :ile ano!r1 dat$ #a/ ,janu>y #aebi1 is illum9at$ 9 ! same way1 & is equally well done4#eff ,9 an acc\nt ( ,wolsey's = prep>+ ^! de$s = ! college !re is an item3 8,= vellum & mak+ great lett]s = my ,"l 8 pat5ts1 #acs40 ,also 8,to ,h]t1 = vellum1 p>*m5t & draw+ ( great lett]s1 #cis4 #b;d40 ,! writ+ appe>s to h be5 *iefly done by ,/eph5 ,vaughan1 = :i* he receiv$ #f1 #ags4 #i;d41 & among ! paym5ts made to sev]al p 8= writ+10 !re is m5tion ( "o 8,g]>de10 :o 0 v possibly ,g]>d ,hornebolt4#efg ,x is1 !re=e1 n unlikely t ,lucas & ,g]>d 7 responsible = ! m9iatures at ! head ( su* de$s4 ,:o 8,h]t0 or ,h>t1 01 :o drew ! 8great lett]s10 !re is s f> no evid5ce to %[1 b he 0 probably an ,engli%man4 ,! "w ( ,lucas ,hornebolt z a pa9t] ( portrait-m9iatures1 & 8 almo/ c]ta9 id5tity ) ! 8,ma/] ,lukas0 :o fir/ in/ruct$ ,holbe9 9 ?is bran* ( art1 is dealt ) 9 a lat] *apt]4 ,9 ,april #aecb he receiv$ ! grant ( a royal lic5ce to export #djj qu>t]s ( b>ley1 9 :i* he is call$ 8,luke ,hornebolt1 a native ( ,fl&]s20#efh & 9 #aecf-g 7#bh ,h54 ,,viii71 9 connection ) "s revels & masques at ,hampton ,c\rt1 occurs ! item1 8,to ,lucas ,horneholte1 pa9t]1 = pa9t+ ) black ^u pap]1 ( #c bulls & #c small rolls1 #es40#efi ,among ! pres5ts receiv$ by ! ,k+ on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #aeci1 0 a fire-scre5 f ,lucas ,hornebolt1 :i* is ent]$ 9 ! royal acc\nts ?us3 8,by ,lewcas paynt] a skr5e to set a=e ! fyre1 /&+ uppon a fote ( woode1 & ! skr5e blewe wor/$40#egj ,he 0 giv5 9 return a gilt cruse weigh+ #aj oz41 & 8 s]vant :o deliv]$ x #fs4 #h;d41 ,holbe9 & ,antonio ,toto receiv+ simil> pres5ts at ! same "t4 ,g]>d ,hornebolt's s]vice 9 ! royal h\sehold 0 ( %ort] duration ?an ,luke's4 ,up to ,may #aeca 8 "n always occurs 9 ! treasur]'s acc\nts 9 conjunction ) 8 bro!r1 b !re is a break 9 ! records f t date until ,lady ,day #aech1 ! h\sehold books = t p]iod hav+ disappe>$1 & f ,octob] #aech ,luke's "n alone appe>s4 ,8 dea? is n record$1 z x 0 ! cu/om to d :5 sal>ies 7 conc]n$1 by "s su* entry z 8wages nihil quia mortuus10 z 0 done 9 ! case ( 8 bro!r ,luke 9 #aedd2 s t x is probable t he return$ to ,gh5t at "s date betwe5 #aeca & #aech1 leav+ 8 bro!r & si/] p]man5tly settl$ 9 ,engl&4 ,9 ?is connection x is int]e/+ to note t 9 a li/ ( paym5ts made by ,sir ,ri*>d ,w+field 9 ,calais betwe5 ! #h? ,janu>y #aeac & ! #ba/ ,novemb] #aead1 !re is an entry ( #cc1 #fs4 #h;d4 paid to 8! glazi] ( ,antw]p 7possibly ,galyon ,hone7 = glaz+ ! great ea/ w9d[ 9 ,/4 ,ni*olas' ,*ur*1 ,calais1 by ! ,k+'s comm&10 & t #bes4 0 paid 8to a pa9t] ( ,gaunt = tak+ ! portraiture ( ! ,k+'s visage to be set 9 ! said w9d[40#ega ,! "n ( ! eld] ,g]>d may be sugge/$ z ! arti/ employ$ = ?is purpose1 z "o ( ! lead+ pa9t]s ( ,gh5t4 ,x does n foll[ f ! entry t ! draw+ 0 suppli$ by "s pa9t] !n settl$ 9 ,engl&1 :ile ! small fee paid almo/ precludes ! possibility t an arti/ 0 s5t ov] specially f ,calais to ,london to sket* ! ,k+2 b ,g]>d ,hoor5bault appe>s to h be5 resid5t 9 ,antw]p at ab\t t "t 7#aeac71 & ! commission may h be5 giv5 him by ! ,antw]p glazi] :o 0 c>ry+ out ! "w4 ,9 addition to ,susanna ,hornebolt1 two o!r skill$ ,ne!rl&i% m9iaturi/s ( h] sex came ov] to ,engl& dur+ ! lat] ye>s ( ,h5ry ,,viii's reign4 ,:at little is kn[n ( ,liv9a ,te]l9c1 or ,t]l+1 z %e 0 call$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 is giv5 9 a lat] *apt]4#egb ,no?+ is kn[n ab\t ! second m9iaturi/1 ,ka!r9e ,maynor or ,maynors1 except t %e receiv$ a pat5t ( d5ization 9 ,novemb] #aedj1 9 :i* %e is describ$ z a 8wid[1 pa9t]1 born at ,antw]p 9 ,brabant40#egc ,%e may1 p]haps1 h be5 "s relation ( ,h5ry ,mayn]t1 pa9t]1 "o ( ! witnesses to ,holbe9's w2 or ev5 ! wid[ ( ! ,john ,mayn>d :o1 ) ,john ,bell1 0 employ$ ^u ! pa9t+ ( ,h5ry ,,vii's tomb4 ,sid5ote3 ,,johannes ,,corvus ,ano!r notable pa9t] f ! ,l[ ,c\ntries :o 0 a contempor>y ( ,holbe9's 9 ,engl&1 0 ,johannes ,corvus1 ( ,fl&]s1 ^: /yle ( pa9t+ c be judg$ by two well-au!nticat$ portraits--t ( ,ri*>d ,foxe1 ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]1 9 ,corpus ,*ri/i ,college1 ,ox=d1 ( :i* college he 0 ! f\nd]2 & t ( ,pr9cess ,m>y ,tudor1 si/] ( ,h5ry ,,viii & wid[ ( ,l\is ,,xii1 pa9t$ 9 #aecb1 :5 %e 0 ! wife ( ,*>les ,br&on1 ,duke ( ,suffolk1 :i* 0 l5t to ! ,exhibition ( ,e>ly ,engli% ,portraiture at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 9 #aiji by ,mr4 ,h4 ,d5t-,brocklehur/ 7,no4 #bh74 ,a simil> mann] ( pa9t+ is to be f\nd 9 a s]ies ( portraits ( ,pr9cess ,m>y ,tudor1 aft]w>ds ,que51 includ+ ! "o 9 ! ,national ,portrait ,gall]y1 dat$ #aedd1 :i* is attribut$ to ,corvus 9 ! catalogue4 ,?is picture has mu* resemblance to a portrait ( a ,tudor pr9cess1 possibly ,que5 ,elizabe?1 belong+ to ,mrs4 ,boo?1 ( ,gl5don ,hall1#egd :i* has always borne ! traditional "n ( ,ka!r9e ,p>r4 ,to ?is gr\p may be add$ ! portrait ( ,h5ry ,grey1 ,duke ( ,suffolk1 9 ! ,national ,portrait ,gall]y4#ege ,if ! portraits ( ,que5 ,m>y are by ,corvus1 he may be id5tifi$ ) "s c]ta9ty z ! 8"o ,john t drue h] ,grace 9 a table10 = :i* he receiv$ #e 9 #aedd1 z not$ 9 ! ,pr9cess ,m>y's ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses4 8,corvus10 says ,mr4 ,cu/1 8may be safely id5tifi$ ) "o ,jan ,raf1 or ,rave1 :o 0 admitt$ to ! ,guild ( ,pa9t]s at ,bruges 9 #aeab1 & ) ! 8,jehan ,raf1 pa9ctre de ,fl&res10 :o 9 #aecb pa9t$ = ,francis ,i 8une c>te ou e/ figur les villes et pays d',anglet]re10 & 9 #aecd1 8ung p\rtraict de la ville de ,londres dont il a ci-devant fait prs5t au dict ,seigneur40 ,^! entries %[ t ,jehan ,raf 0 s5t to ,engl& f ,france1 possibly m ?an once4 ,! fact t no portraits are attribut$ to him 9 ,engl& betwe5 #aecb & #aedd may be acc\nt$ = by 8 return to ,france dur+ ! supremacy ( ,holbe91 aft] ^: dea? he f\nd an opportunity ( e/abli%+ himself at ! ,engli% ,c\rt40#egf ,) reg>d to ,guillim ,/retes1 ! ,dut*man1 ,g]la* ,fliccius1 or ,g>licke1 z he is t]m$ 9 ! inv5tory ( ! pictures 9 ,lumley ,ca/le made 9 #aeij1 & ! clev] pa9t] :o us$ ! monogram ,h4,e41 ^: true id5tity z "o ,hans ,ewor! or ,eew\ts has be5 rec5tly discov]$ by ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/ by means ( ! same inv5tory1#egg z no works ( !irs h be5 s f> discov]$ 9 ?is c\ntry hav+ a date prior to t ( ,holbe9's dea? 9 #aedc1 consid]ation ( !m is res]v$ until a lat] *apt] deal+ ) ,holbe9's successors4 ,among ! =eign pa9t]s & sculptors :o f\nd employm5t 9 ,engl& "u ,h5ry ,,viii1 ! ,italians 7 by f> ! mo/ num]\s1 ?\gh ! inducem5ts (f]$ 7 n suffici5tly allur+ to arti/s ( ! highe/ rank1 su* z 7 to be f\nd f "t to "t at ! ,fr5* ,c\rt4 ,_m ( !m1 no d\bt1 7 br\ght ov] by ! v>i\s m]*ant repres5tatives ( ! lead+ ,italian bus9ess h\ses1 su* z ! ,b>di1 ! ,cavalcanti1 ! ,corsi1 ! ,frescobaldi1 & o!rs4 ,italian workm5 7 frequ5tly employ$ ^u build+s1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! s\?-ea/ ( ,engl&1 :]e ,italian h&iwork & influ5ces c be easily obs]v$1 z at ,hampton ,c\rt1 ,sutton ,place1 ,lay] ,m>ney1 ,ea/ ,bur%am1 & else:]e1 bo? 9 ! use ( t]ra-cotta1 pla/]-"w 9 ceil+s & friezes1 arabesque "w 9 mullions & m\ld+s1 & 9 o!r directions4 ,on m ?an "o h\se ! /one figures & c>v+s 7 ! "w ( ma/] workm5 br\ght ov] f ,italy1 :ile ! few good ,tuscan sculptors employ$ by ,h5ry ,,viii ex]cis$ consid]able influ5ce ^u ! ,engli% craftsm5 ) :om !y work$--an influ5ce :i* did n imm$iately die away ^u _! dep>ture4 ,! fir/ ,italians to come ov] 7 *iefly sculptors & mak]s ( ornam5ts1 work]s 9 m>ble & alaba/] & pla/]4 ,! few pa9t]s :o accompani$ !m 7 ( mu* ! same type z _! ,engli% contempor>ies1 decorators ( h\ses1 & mak]s ( h]aldic designs1 col\r]s ( sculpture & pa9t]s ( bann]s & badges1 ?\gh probably m skilful ?an ! ,engli%1 & capable on occasion ( pa9t+ a picture4 ,! fir/ ( ! sculptors employ$ 0 ,guido ,mazzoni1 or ,pagan9o1 ( ,mod5a1 kn[n "h z ,ma/] ,pag5y1 :o 0 entru/$ ) ! task ( design+ & erect+ ! tomb ( ,h5ry ,,vii & 8 wife1 = :i* t mon>* _h left v elaborate in/ructions4 ,pagan9o 0 *os51 no d\bt1 on acc\nt ( ! fame ( 8 tomb ( ,*>les ,,viii at ,/4 ,d5is4#egh ,8 design1 h[ev]1 0 n to ,h5ry ,,viii's lik+1 s t ! commission 0 tak5 f him & giv5 to ,pietro ,torrigiano ( ,flor5ce4 ,9 an e/imate = ! mak+ ( ?is tomb drawn up 9 #aeji1 ! names ( ! sev]al artific]s x 0 propos$ to employ are giv54#egi ,among !m 7 ,humphrey ,walk]1 ! f\nd]1 ,ni*olas ,ew51 ! copp]smi? & gild]1 ,john ,bell & ,john ,mayn>d1 ! pa9t]s1 & ,rob]t ,v]tue1 ,rob]t ,j5yns1 & ,john ,lobons1 ! ,k+'s ?ree ma/] masons4 ,9 x ,pagan9o is t]m$ 8,ma/] ,pag5y40 ,sev]al ( ^! m5 7 employ$ on ! tomb lat] on "u ,torrigiano's directions4 ,sid5ote3 ,,pagan9o ,,& ,,pietro ,,torrigiano ,pietro ,torrigiano1 born 9 ,flor5ce 9 #adgb1 /udi$ z a "y man 9 ! academy f\nd$ by ! eld] ,lor5zo de' ,m$ici1 "u ,b]?oldo1 :]e he broke ,mi*elangelo's nose 9 a qu>rel1 & 0 =c$ to fly to ,rome4 ,!re he 0 employ$ by ,pope ,alex&] ,,vi on /ucco-"w 9 ! ,vatican4 ,aft] an int]lude sp5t 9 soldi]+ he return$ to art1 & occupi$ himself 9 mak+ small figures 9 bronze & m>ble1 :i*1 toge!r ) num]\s draw+s & designs1 he sold to ,flor5t9e m]*ants1 :o probably s5t "s ( !m ov] to _! repres5tatives 9 ,london4 ,9 a cause tri$ be=e ! ,c\ncil at ! ,palace ( ,gre5wi* 9 #aeah betwe5 ,pietro di ,b>di & ,b]n>do ,cavalcanti1 ,torrigiano appe>$ z a witness1 :i* %[s t he 0 closely connect$ ) !m1 & x 01 no d\bt1 ^u _! recomm5dations t he 0 p]suad$ to come to ,engl&1 possibly = ! v purpose ( design+ ,h5ry ,,vii's tomb4#ehj ,vas>i says t 9 ,engl& 8did ,torrigiano receive s _m rew>ds1 & 0 s l>gely remun]at$ t1 _h he n be5 a mo/ viol5t1 reckless1 & ill-conduct$ p]son1 he might !re h liv$ a life ( ease1 & br\ght 8 days to a quiet close40 ,! "w on ! tomb 0 begun 9 #aeab1 ! date ( ! ind5ture betwe5 ,torrigiano & ! ,k+ be+ #bf? ,octob] ( t ye>4 ,he appe>s to h be5 resid5t 9 ! prec9ct ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 ,we/m9/]1 = "s "t be=e t date1 mak+ prep>ations & engag+ workm51 & also work+ on ! beautiful monum5t to ! ,lady ,m>g>et ,beau=t1 ,h5ry ,,vii's "m1 :o 0 buri$ 9 ! ,abbey on ! #cj? ,june #aeji4 ,o!r works ( 8 9 ,engl& include ! f9e monum5t to ,dr4 ,john ,y\nge1 ,ma/] ( ! ,rolls1 9 ! ,rolls ,*apel1 erect$ ab\t #aeaf-g1 & p]haps ! monum5t to ,sir ,?omas ,lovell 9 ! priory ( ,holywell 9 ,%or$it*4 ,9 su* works z ^! ,torrigiano rea*$ a v high pit* ( excell5ce4 ,! tomb ( ,h5ry ,,vii 0 f9i%$ 9 #aeah1 & s delight$ ,h5ry ,,viii1 t he at once commission$ ! ,italian to design "o = himself & ,que5 ,ka!r9e1 ( :ite m>ble & black t\*/one1 :i* 0 to be "o-f\r? l>g] ?an ! "o j f9i%$1 & n to co/ m ?an #bjjj4 ,x 0 to be plac$ 9 a sep>ate *apel1 adorn$ ) frescoes1 & ,torrigiano return$ to ,italy to engage compet5t workm5 & arti/s to assi/ him4 8,b5v5uto ,cell9i n>rates t :5 he 0 ab\t eighte5 ye>s old1 !re came to ,flor5ce a sculptor nam$ ,pi]o ,torrigiani1 :o arriv$ f ,engl&1 :]e he _h resid$ _m ye>s4 ,happ5+ to see ,cell9i's draw+s1 ,torrigiano told him t he _h come to ,flor5ce to enli/ z _m "y m5 z he c\ld1 = he _h und]tak5 a great "w = ! ,k+1 & want$ "s ( 8 own ,flor5t9es to help him4 ,z ! "w includ$ a great piece ( bronze1 he ?\ght t ,cell9i w\ld be useful = t purpose4 ,cell9i1 :o did n accept ! (f]1 rem>ks on ,torrigiano's spl5did p]son & mo/ arrogant _s1 & h[ he talk$ e day ab\t 8 gallant feats among ^? bea/s ( ,engli%m540#eha ,torrigiano return$ to ,engl& 9 #aeai or #aebj1 br++ sev]al ,italian arti/s ) him1 b = "s reason--possibly a dispute--8 contract = ,h5ry ,,viii's tomb 0 nev] c>ri$ out4 ,he !reupon left ,engl& = ,spa91 :]e he is said to h ga9$ a great reputation1 b1 qu>rell+ ) ! ,duke d',arcos1 to :om he _h sold a /atue ( ! ,virg91 he broke x to pieces ) a hamm]4 ,?is br\ght him )9 ! clut*es ( ! ,inquisition1 & he is said1 accord+ to leg5d1 to h />v$ himself to dea? 9 prison 9 ,seville 9 #aebb1 ?r\gh rage & grief4 ,?is /ory1 h[ev]1 appe>s to be l>gely imag9>y4 ,sid5ote3 ,,antonio ,,toto ,,& ,,v9c5t ,,volpe ,= ! "w on ,h5ry ,,viii's tomb 9 ,engl& he _h enli/$ ! s]vices ( a "y pa9t] call$ ,antonio ,toto del ,nunziata1 ( ,flor5ce1 :o1 toge!r ) "o ,antonio di ,pi]giovanni di ,lor5zo1 sculptor1 ( ,settignano1 made a contract ) ,torrigiano 9 ,septemb] #aeai1 to "w ) him = f\r & a half ye>s 9 ,france1 ,italy1 ,fl&]s1 ,engl&1 ,g]many1 or any o!r "p ( ! _w4#ehb ,toto ei!r /ay$ beh9d 9 ,london :5 8 ma/] w5t to ,spa91 or return$ to ,engl& f t c\ntry on ,torrigiano's dea?1 & rema9$ 9 ! ,k+'s s]vice = _m ye>s2 b !re is no record to %[ :at became ( ,antonio di ,lor5zo4 ,be=e giv+ a %ort acc\nt ( ,toto1 a few words mu/ be said ( ! ,neapolitan1 ,v9c5t ,volpe1 :o appe>s to h be5 ! fir/ ( ! ,italian pa9t]s regul>ly employ$ by ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,mu* ( ! "w he und]took 0 ( a decorative "*1 ( ! same nature z t c>ri$ out by ,john ,br[ne1 ,&rew ,wright1 & o!r memb]s ( ! ,pa9t]-,/a9]s' ,company4 ,volpe 0 (t5 engag$ ^u "w = ! royal navy4 ,! fir/ ref]5ce to him 9 ! ,/ate ,pap]s occurs 9 ! ye> #aeab1 9 an acc\nt = ! pa9t+ ( %ips' bann]s4 ,among ! paym5ts made 0 "o 8to ,mr4 ,domynyke ,cyny1 cl]k1 9 rew>d = ! use ( ,v9c5ce ( ,naples & ,alexe ( ,myll51 pa9t]s1 #f1 #acs4 #d;d40#ehc ,9 ,april #aead he 0 at "w ) ,john ,br[ne & o!rs on ! royal %ip ,h5ry ,grace ,dieu1 = :i* 8,v9c5t ,vulp1 pa9t]1 by ! ,k+'s comm&10 pa9t$ & made v>i\s /ream]s & bann]s1 "o ) a dragon1 "o ) a lion1 "o ) a greyh\nd1 & s on4#ehd ,9 ,june ( ! previ\s ye> he receiv$ #cj = simil> "w = sev5 %ips1 8 "n be+ ent]$ 9 ! ,k+'s ,book ( ,paym5ts z ,v9c5t ,w\lpe4#ehe ,9 ,june #aeaf1 z ,v9c5t ,volpe1 he appe>s to be def9itely 9 ! ,k+'s s]vice1 ) a sal>y ( #bj a ye>1 paid qu>t]ly4#ehf ,e>ly 9 #aeah1 8 "n occurs 9 "s acc\nts z ,v9c5t1 ! ,k+'s pa9t]4 ,he 0 s5t to ,antw]p app>5tly 9 connection ) glass designs = w9d[s = ! *ur* or "s build+ 9 ,calais4#ehg ,9 #aebj he 0 employ$ at ,guisnes ) ,john ,br[ne & o!rs 9 ! decoration ( ! tempor>y build+s erect$ = ! ,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold4#ehh ,he receiv$ #dj = "w done or pur*ases made 9 ,antw]p1 & tw5ty cr[ns 7#d1 #fs4 #b;d47 = 8 co/s 9 go+ !re4 ,!re is "s unc]ta9ty1 h[ev]1 ab\t ! date ( ^! two la/ acc\nts1 & bo? may ref] to ! same j\rney4 ,9 ,may #aebd he 0 employ$ 9 connection ) ! fun]al ( ,sir ,?omas ,lovell1 ,k4,g41 to make tw5ty-f\r small escut*eons 9 metal1 8) my ma/]'s arms 9 ! g>t]1 to be set on ! alt>s at ! int]m5t10 = :i* he receiv$ #aes4 ,= ! same fun]al1 "o ,john ,wolffe1 pa9t]1 0 employ$ = provid+ /uff1 #cc1 #cs4#ehi ,! "n ,wolffe occurs m ?an once 9 connection ) pa9t+ %ips4 ,v possibly ,v9c5t ,volpe is int5d$1 or ?is ,john may h be5 a relation4 ,sid5ote3 ,,aless&ro ,,c>millian ,volpe 0 also "o ( ! _m arti/s engag$ 9 ! decoration ( ! ,banquet+ ,h\se at ,gre5wi* = ! reception ( ! ,fr5* envoys 9 #aebg1 dealt ) 9 ,*apt] xiv41 ^u :i* ,holbe9 also 0 employ$4 ,he appe>s1 toge!r ) ,john ,br[ne1 to h provid$ v>i\s mat]ials & also to h done "s ( ! pa9t+1 = :i* he receiv$ a weekly wage1 ! entry runn+1 8,to ,italian pa9t]s1 ,v9c5t ,vulp & ,ellys ,c>myan at #bjs4 ! week40#eij ,9 ! treasur]'s acc\nts = qu>t]'s wages due at ,*ri/mas #aebh he is ent]$ z receiv+ #ejs4 a qu>t]1 b ?is is app>5tly a mi/ake 9 transcrib+1 = z e>ly z #aeaf he 0 gett+ a sal>y ( #bj a ye>1 & 9 ,septemb] #aebi1 ! l>g] am\nt is aga9 ent]$ aga9/ 8 "n1 to be paid qu>t]ly4 ,9 ,may #aecj he receiv$ #ae1 #ds4 #i;d4 = trimm+ ! ,k+'s new b>ge1 & 9 ,decemb] ( ! same ye> #c1 #ajs4 8= paynt+ ( a plat ( ,rye & ,ha/+s0#eia--;evid5tly a bird's-eye view %[+ ! =tifications & def5ces1 su* z 7 frequ5tly made = ! ,k+4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #aecb1 he pres5t$ ! ,k+ ) two long & two r\nd t>gets4#eib ,he appe>s to h di$ or to h left ! c\ntry %ortly aft] ?is4 ,mr4 ,ni*ols sugge/s t x is 8by no means improbable t ,v9c5t ,volpe may h be5 ! pa9t] ( "s ( ^? curi\s milit>y pictures1 some?+ betwe5 plans & bird's-eye views1 t are /ill to be se5 on ! walls ( ,hampton ,c\rt0--! l>ge pa9t+ ( ! 8,field ( ! ,clo? ( ,gold10 ! 8,emb>kation ( ,h5ry ,,viii f ,dov]10#eic & o!rs4 ,9 ! entry respect+ ,volpe quot$ above1 9 connection ) ! ,banquet+ ,h\se at ,gre5wi* 9 #aebg1 he is c\pl$ ) ano!r ,italian pa9t]1 8,ellys ,c>myan40 ,! latt]1 :o 0 9 receipt ( a regul> sal>y f ! ,k+1 x has be5 cu/om>y to reg>d z a woman1 because ! ,*ri/ian "n is ent]$ 9 ! acc\nts m ?an once z ,alice4 ,?us 9 ,decemb] #aebh1eid ! entry = qu>t]'s wages is 8,alice ,c>million1 pa9t]1 #ccs4 #d;d40 ,! writ]1 h[ev]1 is ( op9ion t ,c>millian 0 a man4 ,at o!r times ! "n is giv5 z ,alys1 ,ellys1 ,alye1 & o!r v>iations1 & ! surname is spelt ,c>million or ,c>millian4 ,?is arti/ is m (t5 describ$ z a 8millyn]0 ?an z a pa9t]4 ,! paym5t quot$ above imm$iately prec$es t ( ,volpe 9 ! acc\nts1 & ! two pa9t]s 7 usually employ$ toge!r at ?is p]iod4 ,9 ! paym5ts = %ips' bann]s 9 #aeaa1eie ,volpe is jo9$ ) "o ,alexe ( ,myll51 pa9t]4 ,?is ,aless&ro ( ,milan is evid5tly ! same p]son z ,ellys or ,alys ,c>millian2 ! *ange f ,alexe to ,alys is an easy "o1 & ,bryan ,tuke's spell+ ( =eign names 9 8 acc\nts is *>act]is$ by rem>kable v>iety4 ,x is n likely t a woman w\ld be employ$ ^u su* "w z ! pa9t+ ( a build+2 & ! t]m 8millyn]0 occurs mu* m frequ5tly 9 record+ paym5ts to m5 ?an to wom5 9 ! royal acc\nts4 ,mr4 ,digby ,wyatt sugge/s t ! "n 0 ,elisa ,c>millione1 ,milanesa1 & t %e 0 a ,milanese m9iaturi/4#eif ,x has be5 sugge/$1 too1 t ?is pa9t] 0 a relative ( ,pet] ,c>meliano1 ( ,brescia1 ! poet1 ,lat9 secret>y to ,h5ry ,,vii & "o ( ! ,k+'s *apla9s1 :o became lute play] to ,h5ry ,,viii4#eig ,c>millian 0 "o ( ^? :o suppli$ mat]ials = ! "w c>ri$ out at ,we/m9/] ,palace 9 #aecb4 ,"o ( ! entries 9 connection ) ?is runs3 8,to ,elys ,c>m5elle1 ( ,london1 pa9t]1 = #bjj ,flemi% pav+ tiles1 #cjs40#eih ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,day #aebi he1 or r 8 s]vant1 receiv$ a rew>d ( #ajs4 9 return = 8 gift to ! ,k+4#eii ,c>millian's sal>y 0 only #f1 #acs4 #d;d4 a ye>1 paid qu>t]ly4#fjj ,antonio ,toto1 :o1 z already not$1 0 br\ght ov] to ,engl& by ,torrigiano1 0 an arti/ ( great] capabilities ?an ,volpe & ,c>millian4 ,he sp5t ne>ly =ty ye>s 9 ,engl&1 & ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ! "t appe>s to h be5 9 ! royal s]vice4 ,he usually work$ 9 conjunction ) ano!r ,italian pa9t]1 ,b>tolommeo ,p5ni1 _! names almo/ always appe>+ toge!r 9 ! ,h\sehold ,acc\nts4 ,toto 0 ! son ( "o ,toto dell' ,nunziata1 a pa9t] ( ,flor5ce ( "s /&+1 a mak] ( 8puppets10 & a great practical jok]1 z ,vas>i relates4 ,! son 0 a fell[-pupil ) ,p]9o del ,vaga 9 ,ridolfo ,ghirl&ajo's /udio4 ,toto took "p ) 8 ma/] 9 pa9t+ a ,madonna & ,*ild 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,pietro ,s*]aggio1 a build+ no long] 9 exi/5ce4 ,vas>i says t he 0 tak5 to ,engl& by "s ,flor5t9e m]*ants1 & !re execut$ all 8 works1 8& by ! ,k+ ( t prov9ce1 = :om he wr\ght 9 ar*itecture 7z well z 9 sculpture & pa9t+71 & = :om he built 8 pr9cipal palace1 0 mo/ h&somely rew>d$40 ,! 8pr9cipal palace0 ref]r$ to by ,vas>i 0 evid5tly ,nonsu*1 ne> ,*eam1 9 ,surrey1 :i* 0 begun 9 #aech by ,h5ry ,,viii1 :o acquir$ ! site1 previ\sly call$ ,cudd+ton1 9 t ye>4 ,! orig9al & pr9cipal /ructure 0 ( two /oreys1 ! l[] be+ ( sub/antial & well-wr\ght free/one1 & ! upp] ( wood1 8ri*ly adorn$ & set =?1 & g>ni%$ ) a v>iety ( /atues1 pictures 7i4e4 col\r$ figures 9 relief71 & o!r arti/ic =ms ( excell5t art & workman%ip1 & ( no small co/0--x is ?us describ$ 9 ! survey ( ! ,p>liam5t>y ,commission]s 9 #afej4fja ,?is s+ul> build+ rema9$ 9 good condition = m ?an a c5tury1 & 0 describ$ by bo? ,evelyn & ,pepys 9 #affe4 ,! =m] says t ! pla/] /atues & basso-relievos 8mu/ ne$s h be5 ! "w ( "s celebrat$ ,italian40 ,pepys speaks ( ! same features z 8figures ( /ories & good pa9t+ ( ,rub5s or ,holbe9's do+40 ,9 ! e>lie/ acc\nt ( x1 publi%$ 9 ,braun's ,urbium ,prcipu>um ,mundi ,!atrum ,qu9tium1 9 #aehc1 x is /at$ t ,h5ry ,,viii 8procur$ _m excell5t artific]s1 ar*itects1 sculptors1 & /atu>ies1 z well ,italians1 ,fr5*1 & ,dut* z natives1 :o all appli$ to ! ornam5t ( ?is mansion ! f9e/ & mo/ curi\s skill !y possess$ 9 _! sev]al arts1 embelli%+ x )9 & )\t ) magnific5t /atues1 "s ( :i* vividly repres5t ! antiquities ( ,rome & "s surpass !m40 ,a view ( ! palace by ,joris ,hoefnagel accompani$ ?is acc\nt1 :i* gives an excell5t idea ( ! build+ be=e ! additions 7 made to x by ,"l ,lumley4 ,if ,vas>i is to be believ$1 ,toto 0 ! *ief ar*itect ( ?is build+2 9 any case1 x may be tak5 = grant$ t he 0 "o ( ! lead+ ,italians employ$ !re4 ,9 ! royal acc\nts he is always spok5 ( z 8paynt]10 b ! t]m includ$ ! mak]s ( works 9 col\r$ pla/]1 ) :i* ! ext]ior ( ,nonsu* 0 cov]$4 8,toto's e>lie/ education10 says ,mr4 ,digby ,wyatt1 8_h specially fitt$ him = deal+ ) su* an inf9ity ( allegorical & quasi-pictorial sculpture z t ) :i* we %all f9d ,nonsu* to h be5 adorn$2 s9ce 8 fa!r1 9 ^: #8bottega' he 0 fir/ br\ght up1 obta9$ 8 nickname ( #8,nunziata' f 8 annually furni%+ all ! quantity ( imag]y ) :i* ! fea/ ( ! ,annunciation 0 wont to be set =? 9 a tangible %ape at ,flor5ce40#fjb ,sid5ote3 ,,toto ,,& ,,p5ni 8,antony ,toto & ,b>?ilmewe ,p5ne0 fir/ appe> 9 ! ,h\sehold ,acc\nts 9 #aecj1 8^u sev]al w>rantes be+ dat$ ! iiij? day ( ,june1 anno xxij1 = _! wages1 aft] ! rate ( xxv li a ye> to e ( !m1 to be paid unto !m qu>t]ly1 dur+ ! ,k+es pleasure40#fjc ,?us ea* receiv$ #be a ye>1 ! paym5t = ! two be+ always ent]$ 9 "o acc\nt1 #ab1 #ajs4 ea* qu>t]1 & #bbs4 #f;d4 ea* annually = _! liv]y coats4 ,on "o occasion ! scribe has confus$ !m1 & has ent]$ !m z 8,an?ony ,p5e & ,b>tilmew ,tate40#fjd ,!re are "s int]e/+ items conc]n+ ,toto 9 ! ,hampton ,c\rt ,acc\nts1#fje f :i* we le>n t 9 addition to 8 "w z an ar*itect & decorator he 0 employ$ z a pa9t] ( pictures4 ,?us1 9 #aecj1 !re is an entry3 8,to ,antonye ,tote1 pa9t]1 = ! pa9t+ ( five tables /&+ 9 ! ,k+'s libr>y--,fir/1 "o table ( ,joa*im & ,/4 ,anne4 ,item1 ano!r table1 h[ ,adam delv$ 9 ! gr\nd4 ,item1 ! ?ird table1 h[ ,adam 0 drov5 out ( ,p>adise4 ,item1 ! f\r? table1 ( ! bury+ ( our ,"l4 ,item1 ! fif? table1 be+ ! la/ table1 ( ! bury+ ( our bless$ ,lady4 ,! said ,antonye tak+ = ! said five tables1 by a b>ga9 9 great1 #f1 #acs4 #d;d40 ,toto 0 also a re/or] ( old pictures1 = on ! same page is ! foll[+3 8,item1 to ! said ,antonye = sundry col\rs by him employ$ & sp5t ^u ! old pa9t$ tables 9 ! ,k+'s privy closet1 #acs4 #d;d402 & aga91 8also paid to ,antoyne ,tote1 pa9t]1 = ! pa9t+ ( f\r great tables--t is to say1 "o table ( our ,lady ( ,pity2 ano!r table ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s2 ! ?ird ( ! ,maundy! ! feet-wa%+ on ,maundy ,?ursday84 ,! f\r? title omitt$4 ,! said ,antonye tak+ = ! said tables1 by a b>ga9 ) him made1 by great1 #bjl4 soll40 ,^! entries %[ t pa9t]s at ,h5ry's ,c\rt receiv$ sep>ate paym5t = pictures & o!r special works1 & t _! sal>ies 7 9 ! nature ( reta9+ fees4 ,!y also receiv$ a daily wage :5 engag$ on "w ( "s duration1 z c be ga!r$ f sev]al quotations f ! acc\nts already giv54 ,9 #aecj ,toto 0 engag$ 9 ?is way at "o %ill+ a day1 & ) him 7 associat$ ,philyp ,arkeman 7#aj;d471 ,lewes ,williams 7#i;d471 & ,john ,devynk 7#c;d474 ,! "w consi/$ ( 8new pa9t+ & gild+ c]ta9 antique heads br\ght f ,gre5wi* to ,hanwor? at ! ,k+'s comm&m5t1 & new g>ni%+ ( ! same40 ,9 ,june #aecb he 0 employ$ ^u a simil> job3 8,also paid to ,an?ony ,tote & ,john ,de la ,mayn1 ! ,k+'s pa9t]s1 = _! wages1 com+ f ,london to ,hanwor? = to see ! f9i%+ & sett+ up ( c]ta9 antique heads new pa9t$ & gild$1 ei!r ( !m by ! space ( ?ree days at xiid4 ! day1 = !mselves & _! horses40#fjf ,^! 7 ! t]ra-cotta r\ndels modell$ by ,giovanni da ,maiano1 ! ,john ,de la ,mayn ( ! acc\nts1 :i* appe> to h be5 pa9t$ & gild$ by ,toto4 ,sid5ote3 ,,antonio ,,toto1 ,,s]jeant-,,pa9t] ,on #ae? ,janu>y #aecb he receiv$ a special sum ( #bj by ! ,k+'s comm&m5t1 = "s s]vice n m5tion$4#fjg ,he became a naturalis$ ,engli%man 9 #aech1 8 pat5t ( d5ization be+ dat$ #bf? ,june 9 t ye>4 ,9 x he is describ$ z a native ( ,flor5ce1 9 ! ,emp]or's dom9ions4#fjh ,9 ! same ye> he 0 employ$ by ,cromwell on "s "w at ,hav]+1 = :i* he 0 paid #eas4 #a;d4 on #bf? ,may4#fji ,on ! #bh? ,novemb] #aech he & 8 wife ,hel5 receiv$ a grant 9 survivor%ip ( two cottages & l& 9 ,my*eham 7,mit*am71 ne> ,nonsu*1 :i* 0 to be held by paym5t ( a r$ rose at ,/4 ,john ,bapti/'s ,day annually4#faj ,on ! foll[+ ,new ,ye>'s ,day he pres5t$ ! ,k+ ) a 8depict$ table ( ,calomia0 7! ,calumny ( ,apelles7#faa2 & on ! #a/ ( ,janu>y #aeda a 8table ( ! /ory ( ,k+ ,alex&]40#fab ,on ! #ad? ( ,april #aeda he obta9$ a lic5ce to import #fjj tuns ( be]1#fac & on ! #bnd ,decemb] #aedb he receiv$ a lease ( ! manor ( ,ravesbury1 9 ,surrey1 :i* belong$ to ,sir ,ni*olas ,c>ew1 atta9t$1 = =ty ye>s1 at #db1 #fs4 #h;d4 r5tal4#fad ,toto succe$$ ,&rew ,wright z ! ,k+'s s]jeant-pa9t] 9 #aedc1 & he cont9u$ to hold ! same position ?r\gh\t ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 & 9 t capacity he provid$ ! tab>ds = ! h]alds1 & at ! coronation ( ,edw>d furni%$ all mat]ials requir$ by ! ,college1 :e!r 9 sat91 damask1 or s>c5et1 = ,k+s1 ,h]alds1 & ,pursuivants4 ,he also devis$ patt]ns & pa9t$ ! prop]ties = ! c\rt masques4 ,?us1 at ,%rovetide #aedh1 he receiv$ #bjs4 z a rew>d = 8 pa9s 9 draw+ patrons 7patt]ns7 = ! masks1 & a simil> am\nt a ye> or two lat] = att5d+ ! ,revels & draw+ & devis+ = pa9t]s & o!rs4 ,9 #aeej he suppli$ 8antique m\ld$ heads0 = a tempor>y banquet+ h\se1 & 9 #aeeb he 0 employ$ 9 prep>+ prop]ties = a masque on ! ,/ate ( ,irel&1 & receiv$ #ds4 = pa9t+ an ,iri% halb]d1 sword1 & dagg]1 & a coat & cap ) eyes1 tongues1 & e>s = ,fame4#fae ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,day #aeeb he pres5t$ ,k+ ,edw>d ) 8! phismanye ( ! ,duke ( ---- 7"n oblit]at$71 /eyn$ ^u clo? ( silv]1 9 a frame ( woode10 = :i* he receiv$ 9 return a gilt salt ) cov] weigh+ a little ov] n9e ounces4 ,he 0 /ill s]jeant-pa9t] at ! dea? ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 & = ! ,k+'s fun]al _h an all[ance ( sev5 y>ds ( black clo?1 ) ?ree m = 8 s]vant4#faf ,x is to be suppos$ t ! num]\s pictures ,toto pres5t$ to ,h5ry ,,viii & 8 son 7 ( 8 own pa9t+1 ?\gh !re is no actual pro( ( ?is2 8 *ief works 9 ,engl& appe> to h be5 ar*itectural & decorative4 ,8 fell[-work]1 ,b>tolommeo ,p5ni1 ano!r ,flor5t9e1 may possibly h come ) him to ,engl& 9 #aeai4 ,he 01 9 any case1 settl$ 9 ,london & 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,k+ 9 ! summ] ( #aebb1 = 9 a valuation ( ! l&s & goods ( ! inhabitants ( ,london ( t date1 he is ent]$ 9 ! p>i% ( ,/4 ,m>t9 ,org> z 8,b>?olomew ,p5ny1 /rang]1 9 fees ( ! ,k+ ye>ly1 #be40fag ,p5ni may possibly h be5 a bro!r ( ,gian ,francesco ,p5ni1 call$ ,il ,fattore1 "o ( ,raphael's pupils1 & ( ,luca ,p5ni4#fah ,! latt] 0 at "w = "s ye>s at ,fonta9ebleau "u ,rosso1 &1 accord+ to ,vas>i1 aft]w>ds repair$ to ,engl&2 b !re appe>s to be no f\ndation = ?is /atem5t1 ,vas>i hav+ probably confus$ him ) ,b>tolommeo4#fai ,9 ! royal acc\nts 8 "n is always c\pl$ ) t ( ,toto :5 8 qu>t]ly sal>y is paid1 b o!rwise !re is no record ( him1 except 8 pat5t ( d5ization1 dat$ #bnd ,octob] #aeda1 9 :i* he is describ$ z a subject ( ! ,duke ( ,flor5ce4#fbj ,= "s reason ,p5ni did n sue = ! lett]s pat5t = m ?an a ye> lat]1 :5 ! ,k+'s /yle & great seal _h be5 alt]$1 s t by ! ,"l ,*ancellor's comm& !y 7 n to be> date until ! #bh? ,janu>y #aedc1 & a f9e ( #acs4 #d;d4 0 inflict$4 ,beyond ?is1 no?+ is kn[n ab\t him1 b ! "w he und]took = ! ,cr[n mu/ h be5 ( a simil> nature to t done by ,toto4 ,sid5ote3 ,,rovezzano1 ,,maiano1 ,,& ,,bell9 ,two ,flor5t9e sculptors ( note1 ,b5$etto da ,rovezzano & ,giovanni da ,maiano1 7 at "w "h ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ,holbe9's soj\rn 9 ,engl&4 ,x is probable t !y 7 br\ght ov] by ,wolsey on purpose to "w on ! great tomb & monum5t he 0 erect+ = himself 9 ! tomb-h\se at ,/4 ,george's ,*apel1 ,w9dsor1 & aft] ,wolsey's fall1 :5 ,h5ry ,,viii seiz$ ^u ! mat]ials & su* ( ! "w z _h be5 f9i%$ & proce$$ to adapt x = a tomb ( 8 own1 ! two sculptors 7 reta9$ 9 ! ,k+'s s]vice1 ?\gh ,b5$etto1 at lea/1 0 anxi\s to return to ,flor5ce be=e ,wolsey's d[nfall4 ,_! names occur con/antly 9 ! royal acc\nts4 ,rovezzano is sometimes ent]$ z 8,b5$ict1 ! ,k+'s tomb-mak]40 ,giovanni da ,maiano 0 a not$ work] 9 t]ra-cotta1 & ,wolsey employ$ him on su* "w at ,hampton ,c\rt4 ,on ! #ah? ,june #aeba he r5d]$ an acc\nt to ,wolsey = t5 r\ndels ( t]ra-cotta 7rotund imag9es ex t]ra depict7 at #b1 #fs4 #h;d4 ea*1 & ?ree hi/ories ( ,h]cules at #d ea*1 8= ! ,palace at ,anton ,cort40#fba ,^! 7 ! r\ndels already spok5 ( 9 connection ) ,toto4 ,maiano 0 "o ( ! arti/s associat$ ) ,holbe9 9 ! decoration ( ! ,gre5wi* ,banquet+ ,h\se1 9 ! acc\nts ( :i* he is ent]$ z ,john ,demyans4 ,he 0 9 ! royal s]vice1 & receiv$ a sal>y ( #bj1 be+ ent]$ 9 ,octob] #aebh z 8,john ,demayns1 grav\r40#fbb ,9 #aebf 8 "n occurs 9 ! acc\nts ( ,?omas1 ,"l ,ro*e=d4 8,to ,mane1 ! pa9t]1 = mak+ ! patt]n ( y\r seal ( arms1 #cs4 #d;d410 & x 0 z a seal-engrav] t he 0 l>gely engag$ at ! ,c\rt4 ,9 ,cromwell's acc\nts ! two sculptors are sometimes ent]$ z ,b5$ict ,rove%am or ,rovesame & ,john de ,manion or ,man9o4 ,_! "w on ,h5ry's tomb appe>s to h gone on until #aecf1 :5 ! project 0 ab&on$ = a "t4 ,bo? m5 seem to h left ,engl& %ortly aft]w>ds4 ,nicolas ,bell9 ( ,mod5a 0 "o ( ! mo/ prom95t ( ! ,italian arti/s engag$ at ! ,engli% ,c\rt dur+ ! latt] half ( ,holbe9's resid5ce 9 ,engl&4 ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/#fbc sugge/s t 8! simil>ity ( "n w\ld lead to a possible id5tification ( ?is ,niccolo ) ,niccolo dell' ,abbate da ,mod5a1 :o arriv$ 9 ,france aft] ! accession ( ,h5ri ,,ii1 & took an important %>e 9 ! decorative pa9t+s at ,fonta9ebleau1 :]e he di$ 9 #aega02 b ! latt]1 :o1 z a pa9t]1 0 by f> ! m important arti/ ( ! two1 did n rea* ,france f ,italy until #aeeb1 :]eas ,bell9 _h be5 9 ! employm5t ( ,francis ,i z e>ly z #aeag4fbd ,bell9 0 a design] & work] 9 pla/]4 ,he is call$ 9 ! ,engli% acc\nts bo? 8c>v]0 & 8m\ld]10 z well z 8paynt]40 ,8 "n appe>s 9 ! ,fr5* royal acc\nts betwe5 #aeag & #aecc1 & ,m4 ,dimi] inf]s f lack ( any lat] ref]5ce to 8 "n1 t he di$ %ortly aft] ! latt] date2 b he _h1 9 reality1 mov$ ov] to ,engl&4 ,he took a consid]able %>e 9 ! decoration ( ,fonta9ebleau1 :]e he work$ "u ,primaticcio1 & p]haps "u ,rosso1 ^u ! ornam5tal bord]s & decorations 9 pla/] & /ucco ) :i* ! v>i\s wall-pa9t+s 7 surr\nd$4 8,all visitors to ,fonta9ebleau10 says ,m4 ,dimi]1#fbe 8c>ry away a recollection ( ! extraord9>y mixture ( pa9t+ & sculptur$ ornam5t display$ 9 ! gall]y4 ,! high relief & ! abundance ( ! /ucco1 :i* hems 9 ! pictures on all sides & 9 places ev5 ov]laps _! edges1 make a unique & inspir+ effect1 9 :i* ! balance ( ! two arts w\ld h be5 di/urb$ if ,rosso _h n scatt]$ among ! /uccos little c>t\*es ( pa9t+ & plac$ gr\nds ( gold beh9d !m *>g$ ) pa9t+s 9 v>i$ col\rs40 ,?is 0 ! k9d ( "w ^u :i* ,bell9 0 employ$ 9 ,france1 z c be ga!r$ f ! foll[+ entry 9 ! 8,acc\nt ( ,nicolas ,pic>t10 :i* 0 lot #dff 9 ! sale ( ! late ,sir ,?omas ,phillips' collections1 #aijc3 8,a ,nicolas ,bell9 dit ,modne1 pa9ctre1 la somme de c5t livres t\rnois 444 p\r c9q mois enti]s qu'il avoit vacqu et besongn avec ,francisque de ,primadicis dit de ,b\llongne1 aussi pa9ctre1 es ouvraiges de /ucq et pa9cture encommancez faire p\r le roy no/re dit seigneur1 en sa *ambre de la grosse t\r de son *a/eau au dit ,fonta9ebleau1 #bj livres p> mois40#fbf ,sid5ote3 ,,nicolas ,,bell9 ,,( ,,mod5a ,by #aech he 0 already 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,k+ ( ,engl&1 = 9 ,decemb] 9 t ye> he receiv$ a qu>t]'s wages1 on a w>rant dat$ on ! previ\s #ba/ ,april1 at ! rate ( #aj a ye>1 & #bjs4 a ye> = 8 liv]y4#fbg ,he is /yl$ ,nic4 7,nicolas7 de ,modecio1 b 9 ! foll[+ ,m>* 7#aeci7 he appe>s z ,ni*olas de ,mod5a4#fbh ,bell9 did n come to ,engl& entirely ( 8 own free w4 ,he 01 9 fact1 oblig$ to fly f ,france1 & ! ,k+ & 8 m9i/]s made e ef=t to get him back aga94 ,francis ,i wrote to ,m>illac1 8 ambassador 9 ,london1 on #aj? ,septemb] #aedj1fbi draw+ 8 att5tion to ! fact t "s "t e>li] he _h dem&$ 8a subject & s]vant nam$ ,mod5a1 :o %\ld be confront$ ) ! presid5t ,g5tils 7also spelt ,g5tilz & ,j5till7 ^u c]ta9 malv]sions he _h made1 b he has n be5 s5t10 & ,m>illac is ord]$ to make lively remon/rances !reupon4 ,f ! ambassador's reply1#fcj ( a week lat]1 x is to be ga!r$ t ,mod5a1 :o is describ$ z "o ( ! accomplices ( ! ,presid5t ,g5tilz1 _h be5 deliv]$ by ,h5ry's ,c\ncil1 9 ! spr+ ( #aech1 to ! ,bi%op ( ,t>bes1 !n repres5t+ ,francis 9 ,london1 b _h n be5 p]mitt$ to be s5t to ,france1 8z he 0 a native ( ,italy1 al?\gh ( ,milan1 :i*1 !y knew1 belong$ to ,francis40 ,m>illac is afraid t ! same reasons w aga9 be alleg$ aga9/ 8 extradition1 & 9 writ+ to ,montmor5cy1 ! ,gr& ,con/able1 on ! same date1#fca says t he w make repres5tations to ! ,k+'s ,c\ncil t\*+ ,mod5a1 8ab\t :om !y are sure to make difficulty1 z he is an ,italian40 ,sir ,john ,wallop1 ! ,engli% ambassador to ,france1 also wrote ab\t ! matt] to ,h5ry ,,viii1 in=m+ him t ,mod5a 0 want$ 8ab\t an acc\nt ( #ajj1jjj cr[ns ( :i* ,presid5t ,j5till beguil$ ! ,k+40#fcb ,h5ry 9 8 answ] said1 8z = ,mod5a1 he 7,francis7 nev] dem&$ him z a traitor accord+ to ! treaty1 yet ,h5ry gave him up to ! ,fr5* ambassador 7! ,bi%op ( ,t>bes7 at 8 reque/1 & ! latt] aft]w>ds put him at lib]ty40#fcc ,! ,c\ncil wrote to ! same effect1 say+1 8! ,k+ is n b\nd to deliv] him1 z he is n a ,fr5* subject1 b born 9 ! du*y ( ,milan1 be+ 9 ! ,emp]or's h&s4 ,& ! ,k+ said t :5 ! ,fr5* ,k+ %\ld be ,duke ( ,milan he w\ld be ready to obs]ve ! treaties40#fcd ,9 a f9al lett] to ,francis on #ba/ ,octob] #aedj1 ,m>illac calls ,mod5a a 8pa9t] & sculptor10 & says t 8! ,k+ said he w\ld n speak ( ,mod5a until ju/ice _h be5 done 9 8 own case0 7i4e4 ! det5tion 9 ,france ( ,blan*e ,rose74#fce ,a fur!r int]e/+ ref]5ce to ,mod5a is to be f\nd 9 a long lett] f ,wallop to ,h5ry ,,viii1 writt5 f ,melun on #ag? ,novemb] #aedj1 9 :i* he describes a visit to ,fonta9ebleau & an int]view ) ,francis4#fcf ,! lett] also %[s h[ ke5 an int]e/ ! two k+s took 9 "o ano!r's build+ op]ations1 & _! will+ness to assi/ "o ano!r ) mat]ials & designs4 ,francis ask$ ,wallop _m que/ions ab\t ,hampton ,c\rt1 & said t he _h he>d t ,h5ry us$ mu* gild+ 9 8 h\ses1 especially 9 ! ro(s1 b = 8 "p he pref]r$ natural wood1 8z ebony1 brasell1 c41 :i* 0 m durable2 he w\ld %[ me ,fonta9ebleau1 especially 8 gall]y !re4 ,he has f\nd m9es ( m>ble nigh ! sea-side1 :ite at ,m>guyson1 & black at ,%]broke 7,*]b\rg71 & y might h "s = no?+ if y lik$ to s5d = x2 also div]s m\lds ( antique p]sonnages t he ha? n[ com+ out ( ,italy1 ) :i* he %all h done )9 ?ree or f\r mon?s40 ,wallop !n describes a visit to 8,f\ntayne de ,bleawe0 on ! foll[+ ,sunday1 :5 ! ,k+ %[$ him ! 8antycall bord]s0 9 8 b$*amb]1 help+ him to m\nt a b5* t 0 too high = him1 9 ord] t he might exam9e !m m closely4 ,francis aft]w>ds %[$ him ! ,gall]y1 :i* ,wallop describes1 & ref]s ,h5ry to 8,modon1 :o wr\ght !re at ! beg9n+10 = details4 ,"o side ( ! gall]y1 he says1 8is all antique ( su*e /uff z ! said ,modon maki? y\r ,maje/ies *em5yes40#fcg ,su* ?+s1 he adds1 w\ld suit ! gall]y at ,/4 ,james's1 & ! ,fr5* ,k+ w\ld gladly give ! patt]n4 ,by a w>rant ( #ad? ,janu>y #aedjfch ! wages ( 8,ni*olas de ,mod5o0 7 increas$ to #bj a ye>1 & on #crd ,octob] #aeda he receiv$ a pat5t ( d5ization1 ) lic5ce to h two appr5tices & f\r j\rneym5 or 8cov5ant s]vants10 9 :i* he is describ$ z 8,nic4 ,bell91 a native ( ! city ( ,mod5a1 9 ,italy1 9 ! dom9ions ( ! ,duke ( ,f]r>a40#fci ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,ni*ols1#fdj on ,new ,ye>'s ,day #aecd1 among ! royal rew>ds 0 "o 8to ,nicolas ,mod5a1 t br\ght ! ,k+ a /ory ( ,abraham10 #fs4 #h;d4 7i4e4 to 8 s]vant74 ,?is is n giv5 9 ! ab/ract 9 ! ,/ate ,pap]s1 b1 if correct1 w\ld seem to prove t ,mod5a 0 9 ,engl& "s ye>s be=e he 0 regul>ly employ$ 9 ! royal s]vice1 & e>li] ?an ! lett]s ) ref]5ce to 8 extradition sugge/4 ,! la/ ye> 9 :i* he is m5tion$ 9 ! ,fr5* acc\nts is #aecc1 :i* agrees ) a possible arrival 9 ,engl& t[>ds ! end ( t ye>1 :5 he might seek to draw att5tion to 8 abilities by pres5t+ a picture to ! ,k+4 ,!re appe>s1 h[ev]1 to be no fur!r ref]5ce to him until #aech4 ,sid5ote3 ,,nicolas ,,bell9 ,,( ,,mod5a ,9 ! autumn ( #aedf he 0 engag$ ^u "w = "s ,revels at ,hampton ,c\rt1 arrang$ = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! ,admiral ( ,france1 = :i* he receiv$ #ae4 8,ni*'z ,mod5a1 paynt'1 = g>m5ts ( "h 7hair7 ^u le!r1 = wildme'1 to s've = tor*eb]]s1 w? ?ayr h$ peces1 /aves1 & clubbes1 tak5 9 great = all1 #aeli40#fda ,^! wildm5 7 satyrs or savage gre5-m51 s mu* 9 vogue 9 mimic ent]ta9m5ts ( ?is p]iod4 ,mod5a 0 also engag$ 9 fre%5+ up & alt]+ a c]ta9 ,m\nt1 us$ 9 "s ,revels = ! ,coronation fe/ivities ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 ?is m\nt be+ probably ! same app>atus = a pageant :i* _h be5 employ$ "s =ty ye>s be=e1 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 & _h be5 laid up 9 ! /ore ( ! ,ma/] ( ! ,revels z a valuable piece ( ma*9]y4 ,! entry runs3#fdb 8,to ,ny*'z ,mod5a1 /rang]1 = z well 8 owne wages & #bb o!r c>v]s' wages1 worke+ ^u ! m\ldyd w'ke app]tayn+ to ! m\nt1 z also = clay1 pla/] p>ys1 sewett1 :yte pap]1 fl[]1 glewe1 syes1 wax1 "h1 colis 7coals7 = dry+1 ) o!r necess>ies40 ,x w be notic$ t he is /ill t]m$ /rang]1 ?\gh possess$ ( a pat5t ( d5ization4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 at ,%rovetide #aedh1 he is t]m$ 8m\ld]0--8,ni*olas ,mod5a1 m\ld]1 = #f heads ( h]es 7hair7 = masks a' #ajs41 #fjs42 trimm+1 colorg1 & lyn+ #af vys[res1 at #ab;d41 #afs40#fdc ,9 ! roll ( ,new ,ye>'s gifts #aeeb1 receiv$ by ! ,k+1 is an entry %[+ t he pres5t$ a picture4 8,by ,mod5o a feire picture paynt$ ( ! ,fr5*e ,k+ 8 hoole p]sonage1 sett 9 a frame ( wodde10 & !re 0 giv5 9 return 8,to ,mod5o1 an ,italian1 oone guilte salte ) a cov]10 weigh+ x oz4 iij qrt' di40 ,ano!r picture by him1 ! portrait ( a boy1 0 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 & is ent]$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8,ritratto d'un fanciullo10 by 8,nicolo da ,mod5a40 ,at ! fun]al ( ,k+ ,edw>d ,,vi1 8,mod5a1 mak] ( ! ,k+'s picture10 receiv$ f\r y>ds ( black clo?1 & he is m5tion$ aga9 z 8,ni*olas ,mod5a1 k]v]1 f\r y>ds40 ,! 8,k+'s picture0 ref]r$ to 9 ?is extract 0 n a pa9t+1 b ! col\r$ effigy c>ri$ & display$ on ! ,k+'s c(f91 z 0 ! usual cu/om4 ,ma*yn1 9 8 ,di>y1 9 8 acc\nt ( ! same fun]al1 uses ! t]m 8picture0 = ! effigy--8!n ! *>iot cov]$ ) clo? ( gold1 & on ! *>iot lay a picture1 ly+ ri*ly ) a cr[n ( gold1 & a great coll>1 & a sceptre 9 8 h&1 ly+ 9 8 robes1 & ! g>t] ab\t 8 leg1 & a coat 9 embroid]y 9 gold40#fdd ,mod5a's %>e 9 ?is effigy w\ld be ! modell+ ( ! head 9 ! lik5ess ( ! ,k+4 ,sir ,george ,s*>f#fde sugge/$ t ! v beautiful little :ole-l5g? figure ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 c>v$ 9 buff hone/one1 belong+ to ,mr4 ,h4 ,d5t-,brocklehur/1 la/ exhibit$ at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 9 #aiji 7,case ,a1 ,no4 #bh71 0 ! "w ( ,nicolas ,mod5a4 ,x 0 app>5tly f\nd$ on ,holbe9's ,:itehall pa9t+ ( ! ,k+4 8,x has evid5tly be5 pa9t$1 z traces ( blue & crimson on ! dress /ill rema9 9 "s ( ! holl[s40 ,sir ,george drew att5tion to ! simil>ity ( ?is exquisite piece ( "w1 9 its wood5 frame1 to ,mod5a's gift to ,edw>d ,,vi ( ! fair pa9t$ picture ( ! ,fr5* k+1 :ole l5g?1 set 9 a frame ( wood1 m5tion$ above4 ,sid5ote3 ,,girolamo ,,p5nac*i ,,da ,,treviso ,ano!r ,italian pa9t] ( consid]able di/9ction :o 0 9 ,engl& dur+ ! latt] "p ( ,h5ry's reign1 0 ,girolamo ,p5nac*i da ,treviso1 son & pupil ( ,pi]m>ia ,p5nac*i1 born at ,treviso 9 #adig1 an imitator ( ,raphael1 :o work$ *iefly at ,bologna1 ,v5ice1 & ,g5oa1 &1 s ,vas>i relates1 came to ,engl& ma9ly on acc\nt ( 8 unsuccessful rivalry ) ,p]9o del ,vaga4#fdf ,accord+ to ! same au?ority he 0 a good portrait-pa9t]1 & 9 ,engl& receiv$ enc\ragem5t & patronage f ! ,k+4 8,9 8 s]vice he ex]cis$ 8 tal5ts z ar*itect & eng9e]4 ,he erect$ build+s 9 ! ,italian /yle :i* delight$ & surpris$ ! ,k+ beyond measure1 :o con/antly load$ him ) gifts1 & assign$ him a /ip5d ( #djj scudi a ye>1 giv+ him leave also to build himself a h&some h\se at ! ,k+'s own exp5se4 ,girolamo liv$ mo/ happily1 & 9 ! utmo/ cont5t1 ?ank+ ,god & 8 good =tune = hav+ plac$ him 9 a c\ntry :]e 8 m]its 7 s well appreciat$4 ,b ?is unusual happ9ess did n la/ long2 he w5t 9 8 capacity ( eng9e] to inspect ! =tifications ( ,b\logne1 dur+ ! siege1 :]e a cannon-ball /ruck him lifeless (f 8 horse4 ,he ?us di$ 9 #aedd1 at ! e>ly age ( ?irty-six40#fdg ,he pa9t$ *iefly 9 fresco1 s t little ( 8 "w rema9s4 ,!re is an important example ( 8 art 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,no4 #fbc1 an alt>-piece pa9t$ = ! ,boccaf]i ,*apel 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,san ,dom5ico at ,bologna1 repres5t+ ! ,virg9 & ,*ild en?ron$1 ) ,,ss4 ,joseph1 ,james1 & ,paul1 :i* 0 =m]ly 9 ! ,solly & ,nor?wick collections4 ,!re is no o!r "w 9 ?is c\ntry :i* c be po9t$ out z be+ ) any c]ta9ty f 8 bru%1 b ,sir ,george ,s*>f 0 ( op9ion t ! /rik+ full-l5g? portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,gre%am at ! age ( tw5ty-six1 dat$ #aedd1 9 ,m]c]'s ,hall1 is1 by its sup]ior m]it & its accordance 9 _m respects ) ! /yle ( ,girolamo1 9 all probability by t pa9t]1 & also ! portrait ( ! ,e>l ( ,surrey at ,knole1 attribut$ to ,guillim or ,gillam ,/retes4 ,! portrait ( ,sir ,an?ony ,w+field1 l5t by ,mr4 ,t4 ,humphry ,w>d to ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhibition 9 #aiji 7,no4 #ef1 attribut$ to ,holbe971 is also sugge/$1 by ! compil]s ( ! catalogue1 z a possible "w ( ! same arti/4 ,he is g5]ally ref]r$ to 9 ! royal acc\nts z 8,hi]ome ,trevix ,bollonia0 or 8,j]onimo ,italion10 & receiv$ a sal>y ( #be a qu>t]4 ,x may be inf]r$ f ,vas>i's /atem5t z to 8 erect+ build+s 9 ! ,italian /yle1 t he 0 employ$ at ,nonsu*4 ,9 addition to ^! m important arti/s & craftsm51 a numb] ( m9or pa9t]s1 native & =eign1 7 at "w 9 ,engl& dur+ ,h5ry's & ! succe$+ reigns1 su* z ,ni*olas ,lyz>de1 ,john ,cru/1 ,john ,simson1 & ! ?ree memb]s ( ! ,b]n>di family--,!odore1 ,lamb]t1 & ,an?ony2 b little or no?+ is kn[n ab\t !m beyond _! names1 & !y ne$ no comm5t "h4 ,) "s ( ! m important m5 dealt ) 9 ?is *apt] ,holbe9 mu/ (t5 h come 9 contact1 & ) c]ta9 ( ! ,ne!rl&]s1 su* z ! ,hornebolts1 he seems to h be5 on t]ms ( fri5d%ip4 ,,note4--,mu* ( ! in=mation giv5 9 ?is *apt] ab\t ! =eign arti/s :o practis$ 9 ,engl& "u ,h5ry ,,viii is ! result ( a long & c>eful exam9ation1 on ! "p ( ! writ]1 ( ! ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 ,=eign & ,dome/ic1 ( ! ,reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,s9ce ! f9al pro(s ( ! *apt] 7 pass$ = pr9t+1 8 att5tion has be5 call$ to a v int]e/+ pap] on 8,! ,italian ,arti/s 9 ,engl& dur+ ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury10 read by ,mr4 ,r4 ,w4 ,c>d5 be=e ! memb]s ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies on #bh? ,m>* #aiab1 & publi%$ 9 ! ,society's ,proce$+s1 second s]ies1 vol4 xxiv4 7#aiaa-ab71 pp4 #aga-bjd1 issu$ e>ly 9 #aiac4 ,9 ?is pap]1 m p>ticul>ly t "p ( x deal+ ) ,bell9 ( ,mod5a1 ,mr4 ,c>d5 cov]s mu* ! same gr\nd z ! pres5t writ]1 & 8 in=mation is bas$ on a simil> /udy ( ! ,lett]s1 c4 ,he gives1 h[ev]1 fur!r new & valuable details ( ! "w & lives ( ,torrigiano1 ,toto1 ,rovezzano1 ,maiano1 & ,bell91 & /rives to prove t ! latt] & ,niccolo dell' ,abbate 7 "o & ! same man4 ,he also %[s t ,bell91 9 #aeea1 0 engag$ ^u ! completion ( ,h5ry ,,viii's tomb1 & t he 0 !n liv+ )9 ! prec9ct ( ,we/m9/] ,abbey1 z ,torrigiano did be=e him4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,! ,,fir/ ,,visit ,,to ,,engl&3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,! ,,m ,,family ,holbe9's arrival 9 ,engl& & 8 reception by ,sir ,?omas ,m--,! ,m ,family ,gr\p & ! ,basel /udy = x--,! v>i\s copies ( ! picture at ,no/ell ,priory1 ,ea/ ,h5dr$1 ,bur=d ,priory1 & else:]e--,! ,so!by m9iature--,/udies = ! heads 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection--,! portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,m--,m9iature ( ,m 9 ! late ,mr4 ,pi]pont ,morgan's ,collection--,portrait ( ,lady ,m--,m>g>et ,rop]--,draw+ ( unkn[n lady 9 ! ,salt+ ,collection--,portrait at ,%]e said to repres5t ,m>g>et ,rop]4 ,,! date ( ,holbe9's arrival 9 ,engl& c be fix$ ) "s c]ta9ty4 ,! lett] ( introduction he c>ri$ f ,erasmus to ,pet] gidius 9 ,antw]p1 z already po9t$ out1 0 dat$ #bi? ,augu/ #aebf1 & x mu/ h be5 writt5 on ! eve ( ! pa9t]'s dep>ture f ,basel4 ,travell+ 0 sl[ 9 ^? days1 & ,holbe9 w\ld n be 9 a position to af=d to make ! :ole j\rney on horseback4 ,z he c>ri$ lett]s f ,erasmus1 ! latt] may h help$ him ) 8 travell+ exp5ses1 b no d\bt ! great] "p ( ! j\rney w\ld be made by boat d[n ! ,rh9e1 & = ! re/ he w\ld trudge on foot1 ! mat]ials ( 8 craft on 8 back4 ,sid5ote3 ,,holbe9',s ,,j\rney ,,to ,,engl& ,!re is no evid5ce to %[ t he made a /ay ( any l5g? 9 ,antw]p2 nor any record ( a meet+ ) gidius or ,metsys1 ?\gh su* meet+s mu/ almo/ c]ta9ly h tak5 place1 = ! =m] w\ld be likely to d ev]y?+ 9 8 p[] to oblige ,erasmus4 ,woltmann sugge/s t he /ay$ 9 ,antw]p = at lea/ "s weeks1 9 ord] to e>n "s money1 :ile ,mr4 ,davies ?9ks t he made a some:at l5g?y soj\rn 9 ! ,ne!rl&s be=e com+ to ,engl&4#fdh 8,"o may take x almo/ = grant$10 he says1 8t a man ( 8 sympa?ies1 ! f\nta9 ( ^: art _h already fl[$ d[n to him by ,flemi% *annels1 w\ld n fail to use 8 opportunity = visit+ ! great ,flemi% primitives1 ! ,van ,eycks1 ,meml9c1 ,van d] ,weyd51 ,g]>d ,david 9 _! own homes4 ,gh5t & ,bruges lay at no great di/ance seaw>d1 & :e!r he took %ip at ,flu%+1 or *ose ! long] l& r\te & ! %ort] sea passage by ,calais--an exp5sive me?od = "o ^: pockets 7 z empty z ,holbe9's--he w\ld1 "o feels sure1 h made ! pilgrimage to ^? two cities40#fdi ,dr4 ,waag5 also believ$ t ,holbe9 made a consid]able delay 9 ,antw]p1 = ! purpose ( pa9t+ ! portrait ( gidius1 n[ 9 ,long=d ,ca/le1 at t "t consid]$ to be f 8 h&2 & he also held ! !ory t ! 8,las ,cor9?iaca0 & ! 8,v5us0 7 pa9t$ on ! same occasion1 see+ 9 !m a ,ne!rl&i% influ5ce4 ,mr4 ,davies1 9 a second passage1 to :i* ref]5ce has be5 made1#fej ass]ts t ,holbe9 8sp5t sev]al mon?s 9 or ab\t ,antw]p on 8 way to ,engl& 9 #aebf40 ,he admits1 h[ev]1 t he is deal+ ) m]e probabilities1 & x is mu* m likely t ,holbe9 w\ld wa/e z little "t z possible 9 rea*+ ! c\ntry 9 :i* he hop$ to improve 8 =tunes1 & w\ld t>ry only a day or two 9 ,antw]p1 9 ord] to make ! acqua9tance ( ,metsys2 & t he !n ei!r took %ip at t port1 or1 :i* is less probable1 tramp$ on to ,calais1 ! cu/om>y po9t ( emb>kation = ,engl&4 ,he may ?us h rea*$ ,london easily by ! beg9n+ or middle ( ,octob] #aebf4 ,x is1 9 any case1 q c]ta9 t he did n sp5d 8sev]al mon?s 9 or ab\t ,antw]p40 ,?is is prov$ bo? by a lett] f ,sir ,?omas ,m to ,erasmus1 dat$ #ah? ,decemb]1 & by ! fact t ! prelim9>y /udies1 or1 at lea/1 ! g5]al /udy = ! gr\p+ 9 ! ,m family portrait1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 mu/ h be5 f9i%$ be=e ! #g? ,febru>y #aebg4 ,holbe91 ( c\rse1 w\ld c>ry ) him a lett] ( introduction f ,erasmus to ,m1 & v possibly to ,w>ham1 ,fi%]1 & o!r correspond5ts ( ! philosoph] !n 9 ,engl&4 ,!re is no reason to ?r[ d\bt on ,c>el van ,m&]'s /atem5t t he 0 receiv$ z a gue/ 9 ,sir ,?omas ,m's hospitable h\se 9 ,*elsea4 ,van ,m&]'s biography conta9s num]\s inaccuracies1 al?\gh he wrote only "s sixty ye>s aft] ,holbe9's dea?2 b 9 ?is in/ance he is probably correct4 ,m1 :o 0 not$ = 8 hospitality1 w\ld welcome to 8 home any fri5d s5t to him by ,erasmus1 & w\ld d all t he c\ld to help a =eign]1 :o c h _h little or no k ( ! ,engli% language4 ,van ,m&]'s /atem5t has be5 copi$ & amplifi$ by lat] writ]s until ! leg5d runs t ,holbe9 sp5t ! great] "p ( ?ree ye>s "u ,m's ro(2 b ?is is n at all likely to h happ5$4 ,dur+ ! pa9t+ ( ! great family picture1 or1 9 any case1 :ile ! prelim9>y /udies 7 be+ made1 & o!r s+le portraits ( memb]s ( ,m's h\sehold tak51 ,holbe91 no d\bt1 rema9$ z a gue/ at ,*elsea1 if only = ! conv5i5ce ( ! sev]al sitt]s1 b t he /ay$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( 8 fir/ ,engli% visit z ,m's gue/ is d\btful4 ,he w\ld1 naturally1 wi% = a /udio & lodg+ ( 8 own1 h[ev] humble1 :]e he w\ld be free to d j z he lik$4 ,:e!r he set up 8 easel 9 ! village h>d by 8 patron's h\se1 or 9 ,london itself1 :]e he w\ld f9d a numb] ( compatriots1 x is n n[ possible to say1 ?\gh an item 9 ! royal acc\nts 9 connection ) ! fe/ivities at ,gre5wi* 9 #aebgfea seems to indicate t he _h settl$ 9 ! city2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ne>ly all ! portraits pa9t$ by him at ?is "t 7 ( m5 :o 7 among ,m's mo/ intimate p]sonal fri5ds1 :om ,holbe9 w\ld be m likely to meet 9 ,*elsea ?an 9 ,london4 ,m c]ta9ly did ev]y?+ 9 8 p[] to help ! pa9t]4 ,he n only gave him commissions = s+le portraits ( himself & 8 wife1 &1 possibly1 ( 8 fav\rite daught]1 ,m>g>et ,rop]1 b also = ! l>ge family gr\p already m5tion$4 ,x is to be suppos$ t ,holbe9 _h c>ri$ ) him "s specim5s ( 8 h&iwork by :i* ,sir ,?omas c\ld judge ( 8 ability1 & he w\ld almo/ c]ta9ly h ) him pro(s ( ! 8,dance ( ,dea?0 woodcuts1 9 !mselves m ?an suffici5t te/imony to ! brilliance ( 8 arti/ic p[]s4 ,sir ,?omas mu/ also h _h e>li] k ( 8 skill bo? z a portrait-pa9t] & a book-illu/rator1 9 ! lik5esses ( ,erasmus already s5t to ?is c\ntry1 & 9 ! v>i\s books by ,erasmus & o!rs1 includ+ 8 own ,utopia1 issu$ by ,frob5 & o!r pr9t]s ( ,basel1 :i* ,holbe9 _h help$ to decorate4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m',s ,,lett] ,,to ,,erasmus ,9 a long lett] to ,erasmus1 m5tion$ above1#feb dat$ #ah? ,decemb]1 ,m gives a few words ( praise & a promise ( help to _! common fri5d & proteg3 8,y\r pa9t]1 de>e/ ,erasmus1 is a wond]ful arti/1 b ,i fe> he is n likely to f9d ,engl& s abundantly f]tile z he _h hop$2 al?\gh ,i w d :at ,i c to prev5t 8 f9d+ x q b>r540#fec ,?is lett]1 z already /at$1 is dat$ #aebe 9 ! publi%$ lett]s ( ,erasmus1 b ! correct date is #aebf1 z fir/ po9t$ out by ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,ni*ols1 ,f4,s4,a4#fed ,x has be5 g5]ally suppos$ t x 0 writt5 aft] ,m _h se5 c]ta9 portraits ( ,erasmus s5t ov] f ,basel ab\t #aebd1 & t 8 promise ( help to ! pa9t] _h ref]5ce to a project$ visit to ,engl& on ! "p ( ,holbe94 ,mr4 ,ni*ols1 h[ev]1 proves conclusively t x 0 writt5 aft] ,m _h made 8 p]sonal acqua9tance4 8,! true date10 he says1 8is %[n n only by ! allusion to ,holbe91 :o 0 evid5tly 9 ,engl& at ! "t1 b /ill m c]ta9ly by ! lit]>y "w ( ,erasmus m5tion$ 9 x4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! ,hyp]aspi/es 7! answ] ( ,erasmus to ! ,s]vum ,arbitrium ( ,lu!r71 pr9t$ 9 ! spr+ ( #aebf1 & ! ,in/itution ( ,*ri/ian ,m>riage1 pr9t$ 9 ,augu/ ( ! same ye>1 are bo? m5tion$ z already publi%$1 & ! second "p ( ,hyp]aspi/es z expect$4 ,?is la/ book 0 publi%$ at ! close ( ! same ye>1 #aebf1 n mu* aft] ! date ( ! lett] z "h correct$40 ,m1 !re=e1 wrote to ,erasmus 9 praise ( ,holbe9 aft] he _h receiv$ practical pro(1 9 ! %ape ( 8 /udies = ! ,family ,gr\p1 ( :at ! latt] 0 capable 9 ! way ( portraiture4 ,! e>lie/ "w und]tak5 by ! arti/ 0 ! pa9t+ ( ?is gr\p ( 8 ho/'s family1 & ! sev]al individual portraits ( c]ta9 memb]s ( ! ,*elsea h\sehold1 ( :i* ! fir/ w\ld be und\bt$ly t ( 8 new patron4 ,! inscriptions on ! /udy = ! ,family ,gr\p1 n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 prove conclusively t ! beautiful sket* ( ! g5]al arrangem5t ( ! picture 0 f9i%$1 & possibly ! picture itself begun1 be=e #g? ,febru>y #aebg1 ?us indicat+ t ,holbe9 mu/ h />t$ ^u x ) little delay4 ,?is fact is made cle> ?r\gh ! rese>*es ( ,mr4 ,ni*ols1 includ$ 9 a second & e>li] pap] read be=e ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies 9 #ahig1fee deal+ ) ! correct bir?-ye> ( ,sir ,?omas ,m4 ,x is impossible to give "h ev5 a %ort summ>y ( ! evid5ce :i* he br+s =w>d1 evid5ce :i* proves t ,m 0 born on #g? ,febru>y #adgg1 a ye> e>li] ?an ! date until !n suppos$ to be ! correct "o4 ,he !n proce$s to %[ ! be>+ ( ?is new ye>-date ^u ! ,basel sket*4 ,! sket* has ! "n & age ( ! p]sons repres5t$ 9 x writt5 aga9/ ea* figure1 & x is important to obs]ve t !re is a /rong probability t ^! inscriptions 7 writt5 or dictat$ by ,m himself4 ,!y are correctly writt5 9 ,lat91 :ile ! pa9t]'s notes on ! same draw+ are 9 ,g]man2 &1 z ,mr4 ,ni*ols says1 ! in=mation1 includ+ on ! "o h& ! age ( ,m's v5]able fa!r1 & on ! o!r t ( 8 dome/ic fool1 c\ld sc>cely h be5 furni%$ by any "o b ,m himself4 ,woltmann recognises ! h&writ+ z und\bt$ly t ( ,m f its rem>kable resemblance to ! address on ! lett] held 9 ! h& ( ,pet] gidius 9 ! ,long=d ,ca/le portrait1 :i* ,m decl>$ 0 copi$ q z closely z he c\ld h copi$ x himself4 ,sid5ote3 ,,basel ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,family ,,gr\p ,9 ! ,basel sket* he has writt5 above 8 own portrait1 ,?omas ,morus anno #ej--t is1 anno qu9quagesimo1 89 8 fiftie? ye>0--&1 accord+ to ! correct$ bir?-date1 ,sir ,?omas 0 9 8 fiftie? ye> f #g? ,febru>y #aebf to #g? ,febru>y #aebg1 :i* proves t ! big picture _h be5 completely plann$ out1 & probably well advanc$1 be=e ! latt] date4 ,9 support ( ?is cont5tion1 x w be f\nd t n only ! age ( ,m himself1 b t ( o!r memb]s ( 8 family :]e !y c be v]ifi$1 po9t to ! same date4 ,?us1 ,erasmus1 :o prid$ himself on 8 rem>kable memory = ! ages ( 8 fri5ds1 says t ,john ,m1 ,sir ,?omas's only son1 0 j ab\t ?irte5 9 ! summ] ( #aeba1 s t he w\ld be 9 8 n9ete5? ye> 9 ! autumn & w9t] ( #aebf1 :i* is ! age attribut$ to him on ! sket*2 :ile ! dates ( ! bir? & dea? ( ,john ,m's wife1 ,anne ,cresacre1 are kn[n1 & tally ) ! 8anno #ae0 on ! same draw+4 ,m's elde/ *ild1 ,m>g>et ,rop]1 is describ$ z 9 h] tw5ty-second ye>1 & ?\gh ! precise date ( h] bir? is n kn[n1 ! m>riage ( h] p>5ts took place 9 ! tw5tie? ye> ( ,h5ry ,,vii 7#ba/ ,augu/ #aejd-ba/ ,augu/ #aeje71 :i* is consi/5t ) h] bir? at any "t betwe5 ! summ] ( #aeje & ! #g? ,febru>y #aejf1 & !re=e ) h] be+ 9 h] tw5ty-second ye> at ! date attribut$ to ! sket*4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 t ! evid5ce ( all ^! inscriptions ei!r confirms t date or is n inconsi/5t ) x4 ,?is proves t ! ,family ,gr\p 0 ! fir/ "w und]tak5 by ,holbe9 9 ,engl&1 & t 9 ! int]vals ( pa9t+ ! l>g] picture he 0 engag$ ^u a s+le portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,m & ^u o!rs ( c]ta9 ( ! latt]'s fri5ds4 ,un=tunately1 ! picture itself1 if ev] complet$ by ,holbe91 has disappe>$4 8,= no?+10 says ,walpole1 8has ,holbe9's "n be5 (t5] m5tion$ ?an = ! picture ( ,sir ,?omas ,m's family4 ,yet ( six pieces extant on ?is subject1 ! two small] are c]ta9ly copies1 ! ?ree l>g] probably n pa9t$ by ,holbe91 & ! six?1 ?\gh an orig9al picture1 mo/ likely n ( ,sir ,?omas & 8 family40#fef ,! ,basel sket* 7,no4 #cde7feg 7,pl4 #gd71 ^u :i* ! v>i\s pictures /ill 9 exi/5ce are bas$1 af=ds ! mo/ fai?ful record we possess ( ! great "w itself1 n[ lo/1 or buri$ "u ! h&iwork ( "s inf]ior pa9t]4 ,x repres5ts a l>ge ap>tm5t ) a gr\p ( t5 p]sons1 ) two small] figures se5 ?r\gh an op5 door 9 a room at ! back4 ,sir ,?omas ,m is seat$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! gr\p1 dress$ 9 long robes1 8 h&s conceal$ 9 a muff4 ,9 attire1 attitude1 & expression ! sket* agrees v closely ) ! portrait ( ,m 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,edw>d ,hu?4 ,on 8 "r h&1 to ! spectator's left1 is seat$ 8 old fa!r1 ,sir ,john ,m1 a judge ( ! ,k+'s ,b5* 7anno #gf71 look+ /raight out ( ! picture4 ,by ,sir ,john's "r side /&s ,m>g>et ,gigs 7anno #bb71 a relative ( ! family1 aft]w>ds m>ri$ to ,dr4 ,john ,clem5t4 ,%e has a book 9 h] left h&1 to :i* %e po9ts ) h] "r1 z ?\gh emphasiz+ a passage %e is read+ to ! old man1 t[>ds :om %e /oops4 ,9 front ( h]1 & /ill fur!r to ! spectator's left1 ! outside memb] ( ! gr\p1 /&s ,elizabe? ,dancey 7anno #ba71 ,m's second daught]1 ) a book "u h] arm1 draw+ on h] glove4 ,on ! opposite side1 on ! spectator's "r1 9 ! =egr\nd1 is a gr\p ( ?ree1 :i* includes ,m's second wife1 ,alice ,middleton 7anno #ed71 on ! extreme "r1 kneel+ on a prie-dieu1 ) a *a9$ monkey by h] side jump+ up aga9/ h] dress2 ,m>g>et ,rop] 7anno #bb71 ,m's elde/ & fav\rite daught]1 seat$ on ! gr\nd on a l[ /ool 9 front ( h] /epmo!r1 an op5 book held 9 h] lap1 gaz+ 9 front ( h]1 z ?\gh lo/ 9 ?\ght ov] ! volume %e has be5 read+2 & ,cecilia ,h]on 7anno #bj71 ! y\nge/ girl1 seat$ beh9d1 & p>tly conceal$ by h] si/]1 ) a book & ros>y 9 h] h&1 & h] head turn$ z ?\gh speak+ to ,lady ,m4 ,9 ! c5tre1 beh9d ,sir ,?omas1 /&1 on ! "r1 8 only son1 ,john ,m 7anno #ai71 look+ d[n1 absorb$ 9 a book1 & on ! left1 ,anne ,cresacre1 8 betro!d1 a girl 9 h] fifte5? ye>4 ,! gr\p is complet$ by ! bluff figure ( ,h5ry ,pat5son1 ,m's je/]1 :o /&s to ! "r ( ,m's son1 ) arms akimbo 9 ! fav\rite fa%ion ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,ov] 8 %\ld]1 ?r\gh a doorway1 ) a k9d ( por* ( op5 woodwork :i* projects into ! ap>tm5t1 are se5 ! heads ( ! two small figures m5tion$ above4 ,! room 9 :i* ! gr\p is plac$ is probably ! d9+-hall4 ,on ! left !re is a sidebo>d rea*+ to ! ceil+1 ) a fl[]-vase1 tank>ds1 & silv] plate4 ,on ! sill ( a w9d[ on ! opposite side ( ! room !re are a jug1 a c&le/ick1 & "s books4 ,! wall at ! back 9 ! c5tre is cov]$ ) a curta91 9 front ( :i* a clock ) weights is hang+1 & a viol9 ne> x4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p ,draw+ 9 ,indian ink1 ) corrections & inscriptions 9 br[n ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,no/ell ,,priory ,,picture ,! :ole arrangem5t is ( a some:at =mal & /ately "*1 & bo? 9 ! attitudes & occupations ( ! figures indicates a h\se ( le>n+2 ev5 9 ! =egr\nd books are scatt]$ all ov] ! floor4 ,?is ma/]ly sket*1 small z x is1 is full ( "*4 ,ea* figure has m>k$ individuality1 & ,holbe91 ) a few slight t\*es ( 8 p5cil1 has 9 e case giv5 a mo/ tru?ful lik5ess1 z may be prov$ by comp>ison ) ! l>g] /udies ( sev5 ( ! heads n[ 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection4 ,f ?is brilliant /udy x is q possible to ga9 a v adequate idea ( h[ spl5did ! f9i%$ picture mu/ h be51 if1 inde$1 ,holbe9 ev] complet$ x4 ,:e!r ! ,basel draw+ 0 m]ely ,holbe9's fir/ arrangem5t ( ! gr\p+1 ha/ily done1 or a draw+ made at ,m's reque/ f ! outl9$ design on ! canvas = ! purpose ( s5d+ x to ,erasmus1 is unc]ta92 b1 9 any case1 ! portraiture ( all ! heads1 :i* are only sket*$ 9 a few l9es1 is complete & /rik+1 & e t\* /amps x z ! "w ( "o :o 0 a ma/] be=e he _h rea*$ 8 ?irtie? ye>4 ,!re are v>i\s copies ( ?is great family picture 9 ,engl&1 mo/ly ( late orig9 & %[+ num]\s diff]5ces4 ,! only "o :i* has any real claim to be consid]$ ! orig9al "w is ! l>ge canvas belong+ to ,"l ,/4 ,oswald at ,no/ell ,priory1 ne> ,wakefield1 :i* has be5 = _m ye>s 9 ! possession ( ! ,w9n family 7,pl4 #ge74feh ,mo/ writ]s h id5tifi$ x ) ! picture m5tion$ by ,c>el van ,m&]1 ^: book 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #afjd1 z se5 by him 9 ,london 9 ! possession ( ,&ries de ,loo1 :o _h collect$ a numb] ( ,holbe9's works4 8,?is lov] ( art10 he says1 8_h a l>ge canvas1 pa9t$ 9 wat]-col\rs1 on :i* 0 depict$1 z l>ge z life1 f head to foot1 ! le>n$ & fam\s ,?omas ,morus1 ) 8 wife1 sons1 & daught]s1 all magnific5tly array$1 a piece wor?y to be se5 & highly extoll$40 ,on ,de ,loo's dea?1 he cont9ues1 x 0 pur*as$ by "o ( ,m's gr&sons1 :o 0 also nam$ ,m4 ,accord+ to ! family hi/ory1 h[ev]1 ! buy] 0 ! son ( ,m>g>et ,rop]1 ( ,well ,hall1 ,el?am1 ne> ,blackhea?1 :]e x /ill rema9$ 9 #agca1 :5 x 0 c>efully describ$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,lewis4 ,x ev5tually pass$ by m>riage to ,sir ,r[l& ,w9n1 ( ,no/ell ,priory1 ! ance/or ( ! pres5t own]4 ,van ,m&]1 x w be not$1 says t ?is picture 0 9 wat]-col\rs1 or temp]a1 on canvas1 :i*1 if true1 seems to indicate t x 0 n ! "w n[ at ,no/ell ,priory1 ?\gh repeat$ repair+ & v>ni%+ may h r5d]$ ! me?od ( its pa9t+ unc]ta9 to decide4 ,van ,m&]'s acc\nt ( ,holbe9's c>e] is by no means free f inaccuracies1 b ! evid5ce seems to po9t to ! fact t 8 hi/ory ( ! picture is sub/antially correct4#fei ,!re are consid]able b1 ) two exceptions1 n v important diff]5ces betwe5 ! ,no/ell ,priory picture & ! ,basel sket*4 ,! latt] is se5 at once to be a fir/ /udy = ! gr\p+ ( ! =m]1 to :i* ! arti/ adh]$ closely 9 almo/ all po9ts4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is int]e/+ to note t ! only two alt]ations sugge/$ on ! sket* itself1 9 ,holbe9's own h&writ+--8,dise soll sitz50 7%e is to be sitt+71 plac$ aga9/ ,lady ,m1 & 8,klafikordi vnd &] ,si!spill vf dem bank0 7h>psi*ords & o!r in/rum5ts on a %elf71 to ! left on ! wall at ! back1 close by ! cupbo>d or sidebo>d1 :]e only a viol9 is hang+ 9 ! sket*--h bo? be5 c>ri$ out 9 ! complet$ picture1 ?\gh 9 ! end ! pa9t] put ! in/rum5ts on ! sidebo>d 9 place ( ! silv] plate1 in/ead ( on a %elf4 ,! two *ief po9ts 9 :i* ! f9i%$ picture deviates f ! sket* are ! *ange 9 ! positions ( ,elizabe? ,dancey & ,m>g>et ,gigs1 & ! introduction ( ,m's 8famulus10 ,john ,h]esius or ,h>ris1 :o /&s 9 ! doorway at ! back1 ) a roll ( p>*m5t 9 8 h&s1 :ile beyond him1 9 ! f>!r room1 is a man /&+ at a l>ge bay-w9d[1 hold+ a book :i* he is read+4 ,! positions ( ,elizabe? ,dancey & ,m>g>et ,gigs h be5 rev]s$4 ,! =m] n[ /&s next to ,sir ,john1 :ile ! latt] has tak5 h] place on ! extreme left1 &1 in/ead ( /oop+1 /&s upright1 look+ 9 front ( h]1 b ) h] "r h& /ill po9t+ to ! op5 book 9 h] left4 ,h] head-dress is less elaborate ?an 9 ! ,basel sket*1 & foll[s closely ! pla9 :ite hood %e is %[n z we>+ 9 ! beautiful /udy at ,w9dsor1 errone\sly inscrib$ 8,"m ,jak40 ,two dogs are also introduc$--a 8cur-dog0 at ! feet ( ,sir ,john1 & a 8,bologna %ock0 at ! feet ( ,sir ,?omas1 to quote f ,mr4 ,lewis4#ffj ,! v>i\s accessories 9 ! room h also be5 to "s ext5t *ang$1 bo? on ! sidebo>d & on ! w9d[-sill on ! "r4 ,! titles ( ! books are giv5 9 mo/ cases4 ,?us ,m>g>et ,rop] holds op5 ,s5eca's dipus at ! *orus 9 ,act iv41 ,elizabe? ,dancey has ,s5eca's ,epi/les "u h] arm1 :ile ,boetius de ,consolatione ,philosophi is on ! sidebo>d4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ge4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p ,"l ,/4 ,oswald's collection ,,no/ell ,,priory ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,no/ell ,,priory ,,picture ,! critics are by no means agre$ z to ! m]its ( ?is picture4 ,dr4 ,waag5 came to ! conclusion t x 0 no?+ m ?an an old copy1 yet he dat$ x z ab\t #aecj on te*nical gr\nds1 due to ! r$ness ( ! fle% t9ts1 :i* he reg>d$ z a *>act]i/ic ( ,holbe9's pa9t+ at t p]iod--a /range conclusion to rea* aft] giv+ x z 8 op9ion t x 0 only a copy4 ,passavant1 ,v]tue1 & ,walpole consid]$ t x 0 made up by "s inf]ior pa9t] f ,holbe9's sep>ate /udies ( ! heads4 8,z ! portraits ( ! family10 says ,walpole1 89 sep>ate pieces1#ffa 7 already drawn by ,holbe91 ! injudici\s j\rneyman /uck !m 9 z he f\nd !m1 & nev] v>i$ ! lights1 :i* 7 dispos$1 z x 0 indiff]5t 9 s+le heads1 "s f ! "r1 "s f ! left1 b :i* make a ridicul\s contradiction :5 transport$ into "o piece40#ffb ,wornum's op9ion 0 t 8! picture is )\t "q unequal 9 its p>ts1 "s portions c]ta9ly be+ unwor?y ( ,holbe92 o!rs1 ?\gh mu* bett]1 /ill be> no trace ( ! great ma/]'s h&2 ! want ( f9i%1 too1 is 9 p>ts app>5t4 ,! dogs are v bad1 especially ! =emo/ "o2 not)/&+ all ?is1 h[ev]1 !re may be a g5u9e ,holbe9 gr\ndwork b5ea?40#ffc ,woltmann1 :o saw x :5 x 0 9 ! ,national ,portrait ,exhibition ( #ahff1 agre$ ) ,waag5 t x 0 only a good old copy4 8,/ill ?is l>ge picture is 9 a high degree int]e/+4 ,?\gh ! h& t copi$ x betrays1 inde$1 an able b 9 n[ise clev] pa9t]1 ?\gh ! coldness ( ! execution is app>5t 9 ! unattractive accessories1 /ill x %[s u1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ) :at c>eful & delicate /udy ! orig9al picture _h be5 execut$40#ffd ,! late ,mr4 ,f4 ,g4 ,/eph5s exam9$ ! picture v c>efully 9 #ahhj1 & embodi$ ! result ( 8 /udy 9 "o ( 8 s]ies ( articles on 8,! ,private ,collections ( ,engl&10 publi%$ 9 ! ,a!num4#ffe ,he came to ! conclusion t c]ta9 portions 7 und\bt$ly f ! bru% ( ,holbe91 b t ^u ! great] "p ( ! canvas he _h m]ely sket*$ or p\nc$ 9 ! design1 :i* _h !n be5 f9i%$ by "s o!r pa9t] n skill$ en\gh to foll[ up ) any success ! l9es laid d[n by ! great] ma/]1 :o = "s unkn[n reason _h ab&on$ ! completion ( ! "w4 ,at ! same "t he 0 ( op9ion t ev5 ! p>ts :i* he attribut$ to ,holbe9 by no means rema9$ 9 ! /ate 9 :i* he left !m4 ,8 f9al conclusion 0 t ,holbe9 left ! canvas ) only "o head1 t ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 ne>ly f9i%$2 c]ta9 o!r heads--( ,judge ,m1 & ! gr\p ( ?ree on ! "r1 ,m>g>et ,rop]1 ,cecilia ,h]on1 & ,lady ,m--f> advanc$ 9 execution1 & "o or two o!rs 9 ! backgr\nd c>ri$ only a little fur!r ?an ! design+ /age4 ,beyond ?is ,holbe9 did n g2 ! rema9d] 0 left 9 outl9e1 subject to correction to be made z ! "w proce$$4 ,! man engag$ to complete ! picture cov]$ ! canvas z well z he c\ld1 b fail$ to reta9 any ( ! beauty ( ,holbe9's orig9al design1 or to introduce ! g5]alis+ & sy/ematic light & %ade ) :i* ,holbe9 w\ld h br\ght ea* "p into h>mony1 or ev5 to transf] to ! canvas ! animat$ portraiture & o!r high qualities ( ! c>toons :i* 7 available = t purpose4 ,mo/ ( ! figures are ( extreme disproportion1 heads be+ too l>ge = ! bodies1 & bodies too l>ge = ! legs1 :ile ! actions are awkw>d1 & _m ( ! faces lack animation & intellig5ce4 ,! dogs are s bad t ,mr4 ,/eph5s 0 ( op9ion t !y 7 add$ ev5 lat] by a ?ird & /ill less skilful pa9t]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 he reg>d$ ! head ( ,m z 8a m>vell\s r5d]+ ( insight into human "*1 reproduc+ ) extreme subtlety ! utmo/ en]gy ( ?\ghtfulness z m>k$ on a visage :]e a f>-see+1 vigor\s s\l has1 s to say1 writt5 itself 9 e l9e & feature1 & manife/$ itself 9 ^? p5etrative yet m$itat+ eyes1 ^? f9e ?9 lips1 & affect$ ! f9e res]ve ( e l9eam5t40 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,picture ,,left ,,incomplete ,?is solution is possibly ! correct "o4 ,all ! o!r v]sions ( ! picture 9 exi/5ce are bas$ on ! ,no/ell ,priory example4 ,! ,basel sket* 0 n available = ! purpose1 hav+ be5 s5t to ,erasmus1 & x is f> f likely t all ^! works 7 copi$ or adapt$ f "s orig9al pa9t+ by ,holbe9 n[ lo/4 ,at ! dea? ( ,sir ,?omas ,m mu* ( 8 prop]ty 0 seiz$ by ! ,cr[n1 b ev5 if su* a picture 7 tak5 f ! family1 x does n foll[ t x w\ld be de/roy$4 ,?us !re is e probability t ! v]sion se5 by ,van ,m&] 9 ! collection ( ,de ,loo 0 ! orig9al picture1 & t x 0 ! "o n[ 9 ,no/ell ,priory4 ,! mo/ natural supposition is t ,holbe9 0 unable to f9i% x ?r\gh want ( "t4 ,he 0 back 9 ,basel n lat] ?an ! summ] ( #aebh1 z on ! #bi? ,augu/ ( t ye>1 exactly two ye>s f ! date ( ,erasmus' lett] to gidius1 he pur*as$ a h\se 9 t city4 ,z a citiz5 ( ,basel he mu/ h obta9$ leave ( abs5ce be=e />t+ = ,engl&1 & su* leave w\ld probably be = two ye>s only1 ) p5alties atta*$ to x if he fail$ to return 9 "t4 ,8 /ay 9 ,engl& _c h la/$ mu* m ?an eighte5 mon?s1 & dur+ t p]iod he 0 v busily occupi$4 ,z already %[n1 ! ,basel sket* = ! big picture mu/ h be5 made be=e #g? ,febru>y #aebg1 on :i* day ,m 0 fifty ye>s old4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 on ! day foll[+1 #h? ,febru>y1 ,holbe9 />t$ ^u an important "w ( decoration1 describ$ bel[1#fff :i* occupi$ 8 entire "t f t date until e>ly 9 ,april1 & = :i* he receiv$ paym5t f ! royal purse4 ,dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 fir/ ,engli% visit he 0 engag$ ^u a numb] ( portraits1 includ+ ^? ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 ,lady ,m1 ,ar*bi%op ,w>ham1 ,sir ,h5ry ,gulde=d & 8 wife1 ! ,godsalves1 ,kratz]1 & possibly "o or two o!rs1 su* z ,fi%]1 ,reskim]1 & ,bryan ,tuke1 :ile 9 ! int]vals betwe5 ^! commissions he 01 no d\bt1 busily at "w ^u ! heads ( ! ,family ,gr\p4 ,8 recall to ,basel may h be5 p]emptory1 & s h =c$ him to leave 9 a hurry4 ,9 any case1 he mu/ h p>t$ on good t]ms ) ,m1 = he 0 entru/$ ) ! ,basel sket* = deliv]y to ,erasmus z a pres5t f ! au?or ( ! ,utopia4 ,v possibly he promis$ to come back 9 ord] to f9i% ! picture1 b :5 a ye> or two _h pass$ by )\t sign ( 8 return1 ,sir ,?omas1 hav+ giv5 up all hope ( see+ him aga91 may h decid$ to get x f9i%$ by "s o!r pa9t]4 ,:5 ! ,no/ell ,priory picture 0 c>efully clean$ "s ?irty-five ye>s ago1 x 0 f\nd to be dat$ #aecj1 a date :i* well agrees ) ?is !ory4 ,! same date1 #aecj1 is on ! ,basel sket*1 b x is bel[ ! draw+ & by a lat] h&1 & may h be5 add$ by "s "o :o _h k ( ! date on "o or o!r ( ! v]sions ( ! picture 9 ,engl&1 or f ! supposition t ,m 0 fifty 9 t ye>4 ,! sket* 0 badly engrav$ by ,nicolas ,co*9 9 ! ,tabell ,select ( ,c>ol9e ,pat91 publi%$ 9 #afia1 & on ?is engrav+ no date is giv54 ,von ,me*el engrav$ x 9 #agid 9 8 uvres de ,jean ,holbe91 ) ! date #aecj1 s t x 0 add$ to ! draw+ betwe5 ^! two dates4 ,von ,me*el gives bo? a facsimile ( ! orig9al sket* & an engrav+ :i* he inscribes 8,ex tabula ,joh4 ,holb5ii 9 ,anglia ads]vata02 b none ( ! alt]ations :i* ,holbe91 accord+ to 8 writt5 notes on ! sket*1 propos$ to c>ry out 9 ! f9i%$ picture1 are %[n 9 ?is engrav+1 :i* proves t x 0 n copi$ f any orig9al pa9t+4 ,dr4 ,woltmann discov]$ ,me*el's model 9 a sepia draw+ 9 ! ,go?ic ,h\se at ,wrlitz1 :i* is evid5tly a copy ( ! orig9al ,basel design1 execut$ long aft] ,holbe9's "t1 & be>+ "s writt5 notices 9 ,lavat]'s h&4#ffg ,a c>eful description is giv5 by ,mr4 ,wornum#ffh ( ! v>i\s v]sions ( ! picture /ill 9 exi/5ce1 all ( :i* are bas$ on ! ,no/ell ,priory example4 ,two ( !m 7 orig9ally ( ! same size z ! latt]1 :i* is #h ft4 #d 94 high by #aa ft4 #h 94 wide4 ,"o ( ^! 9 ,walpole's "t 0 at ,b>nbor\gh 9 ,york%ire1 ! seat ( ! ,cresacres1 & 9 #ahfg 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,john ,ey/on ( ,ea/ ,h5dr$1 ,b]k%ire2 & ! o!r1 a simil> "w1 0 =m]ly at ,h]on 9 ,essex1 ! seat ( ,sir ,john ,tyrrell1 & aft]w>ds 9 ! collection ( ,"l ,petre at ,?orndon1 ne> ,br5t=d4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,bur=d ,,priory ,,v]sion ,! ,ea/ ,h5dr$ v]sion measures #g ft4 #h 94 high by #i ft4 #i 94 wide4 ,at "s "t or o!r x _h suff]$ f damage or decay on ! "r-h& side1 & has be5 cut d[n to fit a panel1 s t ! figure ( ,lady ,m & h] monkey & ! m advanc$ ( ! two dogs1 toge!r ) ! w9d[ & ! vase ( fl[]s1 h disappe>$4 ,) ! exception ( ^! *anges & a few o!r unskilful repairs1 ?is picture is 9 ! ma9 id5tical ) ! "o at ,no/ell ,priory1 ?\gh v inf]ior to x4 ,! ,?orndon picture is also on canvas1 & is #h ft4 #c 94 high by #aa ft4 #b 94 wide4 ,x is 9 a bett] /ate ?an ! ,ea/ ,h5dr$ example1 & is copi$ f ! same s\rce1 ) slight *anges4 ,!re is only "o dog1 ,lady ,m is seat$ 9 a l>ge sc>let arm-*air1 & !re are slight diff]5ces 9 ! m9or details1 :ile ,sir ,?omas is %[n ) a m\/a*e4 ,bo? ^! pictures are co>sely pa9t$1 & h little b an hi/orical int]e/4#ffi ,wornum also describes a picture on canvas1 #d ft4 #g 94 by #c ft4 #i 941 ( ,sir ,?omas & 8 fa!r1 ! latt] 9 8 sc>let robes1 at ,hutton ,hall1#fgj :i* 0 l5t to ! ,tudor ,exhibition1 #ahij 7,no4 #aej71 by ,sir ,h5ry ,vane1 ,bt41 & is app>5tly copi$ f ! c5tral portion ( ! ,no/ell ,priory canvas1 ) ! addition ( a coat ( arms1 & two orig9al inscriptions ov] ! heads1 & ! date #aecj4 ,sir ,?omas's age is giv5 z #ej 7tatis #ej71 b ,sir ,john's z #gg1 in/ead ( 8,anno #gf0 z 9 ! sket*4 ,o!rwise1 9 all ^! pictures1 ! ages ( ! sitt]s agree ) ! sket*1 ?\gh ! latt] 0 done 9 #aebg & ! =m] 9 #aecj4 ,?is may be p]haps expla9$ by ! fact t ,sir ,?omas wi%$ ! ages to be kept z !y 7 at ! "t :5 ! /udies 7 made1 r ?an :5 ! picture 0 complet$ by ano!r h&4 ,"o o!r v]sion ( importance 0 9 ,walpole's day at ,bur=d ,priory1 ,ox=d%ire1 ! seat ( ,william ,l5?all1 ! ,speak] 7,pl4 #gf 71#fga :o pur*as$ ! e/ate f ,visc\nt ,falkl&1 toge!r ) ! pictures 9 ! h\se4 ,?is v]sion ( ! ,gr\p1 be=e ! ,speak] own$ x1 _h be5 9 ! possession ( ! ,mores1 at ,gubb9s1 9 ,h]t=d%ire4 ,by :at means x pass$ into ! h&s ( ,l5?all1 says ,walpole1 is unc]ta94 ,he is said to h pur*as$ a numb] ( pictures f ! royal collections at ,:itehall & ,hampton ,c\rt1 b ! ,m ,family ,gr\p did n come f t s\rce1 nor 0 x acquir$ f ,visc\nt ,falkl&1 =1 accord+ to ,dallaway 7note to ,walpole1 vol4 i4 p4 #ia71 x 0 describ$ by ,aubrey 9 #afgj :5 9 ,l5?all's e>li] home at ,besselsleigh1 ,b]ks1 :o says t x _h an inscription 9 gold5 lett]s ( ab\t sixty l9es4 ,x 0 b\ght 9 at ! ,l5?all sale at ,*ri/ie's 9 #ahjh = "o ?\s& gu9eas4 ,x reappe>$ 9 ! sal]oom 9 #ahcc1 :5 x fet*$ only "o hundr$ gu9eas1 & came into ! possession ( ! ,/rickl& family ( ,coke?orpe ,p>k1 ,duckl+ton1 ,ox=d%ire1 &1 lat] on1 pass$ f !m by m>riage to ! ,cottrell-,dorm] family4 ,a few ye>s ago x 0 "u consid]ation by ! ,tru/ees ( ! ,national ,portrait ,gall]y1 b 0 n pur*as$1 &1 f9ally1 x made a ?ird appe>ance at ,*ri/ie's on #bf? ,febru>y #aiaj1 :5 x 0 acquir$ by ,sir ,hugh ,p4 ,lane = n9e hundr$ & fifty gu9eas4 ,x measures #g ft4 #f 94 high by #aa ft4 wide1 & is dat$ #aeic4fgb ,x conta9s elev5 figures1 & is made up f ! orig9al composition & portraits ( lat] memb]s ( ! family4 ,sev5 ( ! figures ( ,holbe9's gr\p h be5 pu%$ to ! spectator's left1 ! ones omitt$ be+ ,lady ,m1 ,m>g>et ,gigs1 ,pat5son1 & ! secret>y1 ,h>ris4 ,elizabe? ,dancey has be5 mov$ to ! c5tre1 beh9d & betwe5 h] two seat$ si/]s4 ,! "r side ( ! picture conta9s a gr\p ( f\r p ( a lat] g5]ation1 ! ,*ancellor's gr&son1 ,?omas ,m1 & 8 wife1 ,m>ia ,scrope1 & _! two sons1 ! eld] ( :om 0 ! ,?omas ,m :o wrote ! life ( 8 great-gr&fa!r4 ,9 ! backgr\nd !re is a sidebo>d on ! left1 z 9 ! ,basel sket*1 ) two vases ( fl[]s1 & musical in/rum5ts1 & ! hang+ clock is %[n 9 its orig9al position 9 ! c5tre2 b on ! left ! fram$ portrait ( a lady has be5 introduc$4 ,9 addition1 coats ( arms h be5 pa9t$ above sev5 ( ! heads )\t reg>d to ! backgr\nd itself4 ,9 an acc\nt ( ! ,priory & its cont5ts1 communicat$ to ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e = ,augu/ #agii 7vol4 lxix4 pt4 #b1 p4 #fdd71 by an anonym\s correspond5t1 :o describes ! big picture 9 "s detail1 ! portrait hang+ on ! wall is said to repres5t ! wife ( ,sir ,john ,m4 ,!re is a l>ge m9iature pa9t+ ( ! picture1 :i* 0 9 ! ,tudor ,exhibition1 #ahij 7,no4 #ajhg71fgc l5t by ,major-,g5]al ,f4 ,e4 ,so!by1 & attribut$ to ,pet] ,oliv]1 z x 0 by ,walpole1 :o says3 8,! pa9t] ( ?is exquisite little piece is unkn[n1 b probably 0 ,pet] ,oliv]40#fgd ,! picture & ! m9iature d n agree1 h[ev]1 9 all ! details4 ,! latt] includes twelve figures1 = ,pat5son is introduc$ 9 ! backgr\nd peep+ ?r\gh a curta9 9 ! c5tre4 ,only two coats ( arms are %[n1 ov] ! heads ( ,sir ,?omas ,m & 8 fa!r1 & on ! "r-h& side1 beh9d ! lat] gr\p ( portraits1 9 place ( ! wall ) ! lady's portrait !re is an op5 ar*way ?r\gh :i* is se5 ! ,mores' wall$ g>d5 at ,*elsea & a di/ant view ( ,london4 ,accord+ to ! ,diction>y ( ,national ,biography1 ! l>ge picture 0 ! "w ( ,r[l& ,lockey1 :o 0 work+ ab\t #aeij-afaj4 ,he 0 a pupil ( ,ni*olas ,hilli>d1 & 0 extoll$ by ,ri*>d ,haydock 7#aeih7 & ,francis ,m]es 7#aeih7 z among ! em95t arti/s !n liv+ 9 ,engl&4 ,x is /at$ 9 ,ni*ol's ,hi/ory ( ,leice/]%ire#fge t he pa9t$ 8a neat piece 9 oil1 conta9+ 9 "o table ! picture ( ,sir ,john ,m1 a judge ( ! ,k+'s ,b5*1 temp4 ,h5ry ,,viii1 & ( 8 wife1 & ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 "l *ancellor1 8 son & 8 wife1 & ( all ! l9eal heirs male desc5d$ f !m1 toge!r ) ea* man's wife unto t pres5t ye>40 ,! expression 8neat10 h[ev]1 w\ld apply m aptly to ! l>ge m9iature gr\p1 & x is v possible t he 0 ! au?or ( x4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p ,! ,v]sion =m]ly at ,bur=d ,priory4 ,n[ 9 ! possession ( ,messrs4 ,p>k5?orpe4 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m ,!re are sep>ate /udies = ! heads ( sev5 ( ! sitt]s 9 ! family picture among ! ,holbe9 draw+s 9 ,w9dsor ,ca/le4 ,sir ,john ,m1#fgf ,sir ,?omas1 8 son ,john1#fgg 8 daught]s ,elizabe?#fgh & ,cecilia 7,pl4 #gg71fgi ,anne ,cresacre1#fhj & ,m>g>et ,clem5t4#fha ,^! are all l>g] ?an ! majority ( ! sket*es 9 ! collection1 & on :ite unprim$ pap]4 ,!re are two draw+s ( ,sir ,?omas 7,pl4 #gh71fhb :i*1 al?\gh ! face is tak5 f ! same po9t ( view1 are n replicas1 b di/9ctly sep>ate /udies2 ! pose is slightly diff]5t1 & ! hair q unlike1 & x may p]haps be conjectur$ t "o ( !m is ! /udy made = ! ,gr\p1 & ! o!r a lat] /udy made %ortly be=e ! arti/ left ,engl&4 ,9 addition to ! family picture1 ,holbe9 pa9t$ sep>ate portraits ( ,sir ,?omas1 ,lady ,m1 &1 possibly1 ,m>g>et ,rop]4 ,! portrait ( ,m is ! well-kn[n "o belong+ to ,mr4 ,edw>d ,hu?1#fhc :i* has be5 frequ5tly exhibit$1 mo/ rec5tly at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 9 #aiji 7,no4 #ec74 ,be=e x came into ! possession ( ! ,hu? family x 0 9 ! collection ( an ,iri% nobleman1 f :om x 0 acquir$--9 paym5t = a picture-clean+ bill1 s x is said--by ,f>r]1 ! picture-deal]1 :o sold x to ,mr4 ,h5ry ,hu? = #abjj4 ,x 0 probably ! fir/ "w pa9t$ by ,holbe9 aft] 8 arrival 9 ,engl&1 & f9i%$ e>ly 9 #aebg4 ,x is bas$ on ! head 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection1 & ! position corresponds ) ! figure 9 ! ,basel sket*4 ,x is a half-l5g?1 seat$1 ?ree-qu>t]s to ! spectator's "r1 ) d>k hair1 & clean-%av51 b ! grey ( ! m\/a*e & be>d indicat$4 ,he is dress$ 9 black cap1 black g[n l9$ ) br[n fur1 ) deep fur coll>1 & a gold5 coll> ( ,,ss4 ) portcullis clasps & ,tudor rose p5dant4 ,8 "r elb[ re/s on a table to ! left1 & he holds a fold$ pap] 9 bo? h&s4 ,! backgr\nd consi/s ( a gre5 curta9 ) a gold fr+e1 loop$ back by a gold cord4 ,! date 8,,mdxxvii0 is inscrib$ on ! edge ( ! table4 ,?is noble repres5tation ( a noble man is "o ( ! f9e/ portraits pa9t$ by ,holbe9 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x has suff]$ some:at 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 b /ill rema9s a wond]ful /udy ( "*1 p5etrat+ 9 its insight4 ,! nobility ( ,m's nature1 ! /r5g? ( 8 w1 ! g5tl5ess ( 8 disposition :5 n r\s$ to j ang]1 ! firmness ( ! f9ely-cut lips1 & ! p5etrat+ glance ( 8 bright eyes1 h be5 mirror$ by ,holbe9 z ?\gh 9 a glass4 ,bo? ! /atesman & ! s*ol> /& reveal$ ) t se>*+ p[] ( seiz+ ! ess5tials ( a man's nature :i* is "o ( ! greate/ qualities ( ,holbe9's art4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cecilia ,,h]on ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,w9dsor ,,ca/le ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,w9dsor ,,ca/le ,a portrait ( ,sir ,?omas 0 9 ! ,orleans ,gall]y 9 #agbg1 & a second 0 9 ! possession ( ,"l ,lumley 9 #aeij1 & 0 sold f ,lumley ,ca/le 9 #aghe1 to ,mr4 ,hay1 ( ,savile ,r[4#fhd ,! latt] 0 probably ! "o n[ belong+ to ,mr4 ,hu?1 & is ! orig9al f :i* s _m copies h be5 made4#fhe ,! panel on :i* x is pa9t$ measures #bi 94 by #bc 94 ,!re are also a v>iety ( portraits scatt]$ ab\t ! ,european museums to :i* ! "n ( ,sir ,?omas ,m has be5 atta*$ errone\sly4 ,! small portrait by ,holbe9 ( ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat1 fa!r ( ,sir ,?omas ,wyat1 9 ! ,l\vre1 0 long reg>d$ z a lik5ess ( ,m1 & is /ill s describ$ 9 ! (ficial catalogue4#fhf ,!re is ano!r small panel1 9 ! ,brussels ,museum 7,no4 #fda71 to :i* ! names ( ,holbe9 & ,m 7 atta*$ on ! frame-label until q rec5tly1 al?\gh bo? ascriptions are absurd4 ,x repres5ts a be>d$ man ) "o h& ?ru/ )9 ! folds ( 8 cloak1 & a small book held op5 ) ! f+]s ( ! o!r1 & a small dog on ! table 9 front ( him4 ,x 0 recognis$ z ! "w ( "s second-rate ,fr5* arti/ m ?an fifty ye>s ago1 & be>s n ! slighte/ resemblance to ,holbe9's /yle4#fhg ,m4 ,a4 ,j4 ,waut]s sugge/s t x is ! "w ( ,nicolas ,d5isot 7#aeae-aeei71 a ,fr5* poet & pa9t] ( mode/ capacities1 :o 0 9 ,engl& = ?ree ye>s z ,fr5* tutor to ! ?ree daught]s ( ! ,protector ,som]set4 ,"u 8 guidance ^! "y ladies wrote ,lat9 elegies to ,m>g>et ( ,nav>re1 :i* 7 publi%$ "u 8 editor%ip4 ,a portrait ( ,m>g>et1 dat$ #aedd1 is attribut$ by ,m4 ,b\*ot to ,d5isot4 ,m rec5tly ?is "w has be5 attribut$ to ,corneille de ,lyon1 & is said to be a portrait ( ,h5ry ,pat5son4 ,!re is c]ta9ly a slight lik5ess betwe5 x & ! head ( ,pat5son 9 ! ,basel /udy = ! ,m ,family ,gr\p4 ,sid5ote3 ,,leg5d ,,ab\t ,a ,,portrait ,,( ,,m ,a curi\s leg5d ) reg>d to a portrait ( ,m :i* ,h5ry ,,viii is said to h possess$1 0 contribut$ to ! ,a!num by ,dr4 ,augu/us ,jessop4#fhh ,he f\nd x among ! pap]s ( ! ,hon4 ,rog] ,nor?1 9 a some:at elaborate 8,regi/] ( ,pictures0 at "o "t 9 ,nor?'s cu/ody4 ,9 giv+ an acc\nt ( a portrait ( ,pope ,gregory ,,xiv1 :i* 8 bro!r ,montague _h b\ght at ,m>seilles 9 #afic1 he adds3 8,?is picture is judg$ to be by ,pom]antius1 pa9t] to ,gregory ,,xiv1 :o 0 9 ,engl& tempore ,h5ry ,,viii1 conc]n+ :om ! foll[+ /ory is told4 ,! picture ( ,sir ,t4 ,m done by ,holbe9 0 9 ,:itehall :5 ! news 0 br\ght to ,h5ry ,,viii t ,sir ,?omas ,m 0 behead$4 ,& ! ,k+ fell into a passion ^u ! news1 & runn+ to ! picture1 tore x d[n & ?rew x out ( ! w9d[4 ,& ! picture 9 ! fall broke 9 ?ree pieces2 b ,pom]antius1 !n com+ by1 took x up1 c>ri$ x home1 & s put x toge!r & m5d$ ! col\rs t x is n to be discov]$ t x 0 ev] broke40 ,h[ev] mu* or h[ev] little tru? !re may be 9 ?is /ory1 :i* 0 app>5tly curr5t 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 x is c]ta91 9 any case1 t 8,pom]antius0 c h _h no?+ to d ) its rescue4 ,niccolo ,circignano 7,il ,pom>ancio7 0 born 9 #aeai1 & w\ld be a lad ( sixte5 at ! "t :5 ,m 0 execut$2 nor is !re any evid5ce to %[ t he 0 ev] 9 ,engl&4 ,he appe>s to h sp5t ! great] "p ( 8 life 9 ,rome4 ,! acc\nt errs1 also1 9 say+ t he 0 pa9t] to ,gregory ,,xiv1 = he di$ 9 #aeij1 ag$ sev5ty-two1 9 :i* ye> ,gregory ,,xiv became ,pope4 ,nor?'s /ory is v simil> to ! "o told by ,bald9ucci4#fhi ,! latt]1 :o describes ! picture z a /up5d\s portrait1 says t ,h5ry kept x 9 an ap>tm5t toge!r ) ^? ( "s o!r em95t m54 8,x happ5$ t on ! v day ( ! ex-*ancellor's dea? 7aft] ! k+ _h reproa*$ h]71 ! wick$ ,que5 ,anne ,boleyn ca/ h] eyes ^u x1 & see+ ! expressive face ( h] enemy look+ at h] z if he 7 /ill liv+--%e nev] =gave 8 refusal to be pres5t at h] w$d+--%e 0 seiz$ ) a feel+ ( ei!r horror or remorse1 & unable to endure ! /eady gaze & ! reproa*es ( h] own consci5ce1 %e ?rew op5 ! w9d[ ( ! palace1 & exclaim+1 #8,oh me6 ! man seems to be /ill alive1' flung ! picture into ! /reet3 a pass]-by pick$ x up & c>ri$ x away1 & ev5tually x f\nd a re/+-place 9 ,rome1 :]e 9 ,bald9ucci's "t x 0 /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,palazzo de' ,cresc5zi40#fij ,if ?is /ory has any f\ndation 9 fact1 x is possible t ,circignano may h put ! picture 9 ord] aft] x rea*$ ,rome2 b x c h>dly h be5 ! "o belong+ to ,mr4 ,hu?1 z ,dr4 ,jessop sugge/$4 ,wornum 0 ( op9ion t ?is leg5d>y "w might possibly be id5tifi$ ) an unnam$ portrait by ,holbe9 m5tion$ by an e>li] ,italian writ] ?an ,bald9ucci1 ,francesco ,scannelli1 :o1 9 an acc\nt ( 8an ultramontane pa9t] nam$ ,olb5o10#fia aft] prais+ ! portrait ( ,morette1 !n 9 ! gall]y ( ! ,duke ( ,mod5a1 = its exact imitation ( nature1 says3 8,a simil> excell5ce is %[n 9 ! small portrait by ! same ma/]1 n[ at ,rome 9 ! possession ( ,monsignor ,campori40 ,mr4 ,wornum also sugge/$ t ?is small "w prais$ by ,scannelli might be id5tical ) ! portrait ( ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat 9 ! ,l\vre1 :i* at ! "t he 0 writ+ 7#ahfg7 0 g5]ally reg>d$ z a portrait ( ,m4 ,sid5ote3 ,,m9iature ,,( ,,sir ,,?omas ,,m ,holbe9's "w z a m9iature pa9t] is dealt ) 9 a lat] *apt]1 b :ile speak+ ( ! portraits ( ,m1 x is impossible to omit ref]5ce to ! exce$+ly f9e m9iature pa9t+ ( him to :i* att5tion 0 fir/ call$ by ,dr4 ,williamson4#fib ,x 0 !n 9 ! possession ( ! ,quicke family1 ( ,newton ,/4 ,cyres1 ,devon2 b 9 ,july #aije1 x 0 sold at ,messrs4 ,*ri/ie's by ! ord] ( ! tru/ees ( ! late ,mr4 ,john ,quicke1 & pass$ into ! collection ( ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan4 ,9 position1 dress1 & accessories x be>s a close resemblance to ,mr4 ,hu?'s picture1 ^u :i* x may h be5 bas$4#fic ,x is circul>1 #b 94 9 diamet]1 pa9t$ on ?9 pap]1 m\nt$ on a play+ c>d1 & is conta9$ 9 a metal & enamel frame4 ,on ! back ( ! c>d1 9 a h& v little lat] ?an ! date ( ! portrait1 is writt5 ! "o ^w 8,holb510 :ile on ! rev]se ( ! frame is inscrib$ 8,,?omas ,,morus ,,cancell>ivs ,,holbe9 ,,p9x40 ,! backgr\nd is bright blue4 ,= close ^u "o hundr$ ye>s x _h be5 9 ! h\se 9 ,devon%ire1 & _h atta*$ to its frame a small scrap ( pap]1 on :i* 0 writt51 9 a script ( ! e>ly ,/u>t p]iod1 ! in=mation z to :om x repres5t$1 & by :om x 0 pa9t$4 ,! ,rop]s 7 connect$ ) ! ,quickes by m>riage1 & z ! connection dates f a p]iod soon aft] ! dea? ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 ! family tradition :i* /ates t ! portrait has be5 h&$ d[n f ! "t :5 ! great /atesman p]i%$ on ! scaffold has e likelihood ( be+ true4 ,x has usually be5 ass]t$ t ! portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,m is ! only indep5d5t portrait ( a memb] ( ! ,m family pa9t$ by ,holbe91 ) ! possible exception ( ! panel at ,knole1 :i* by "s is reg>d$ z a lik5ess ( ,m>g>et ,rop]4 ,!re 01 h[ev]1 a small panel portrait1 #ad 94 by #aj 941 exhibit$ at ! ,royal ,academy ,w9t] ,exhibition1 #aiaj 7,no4 #ajf71 z by ,holbe91 l5t by ,g5]al ,"l ,me?u51 :i* is und\bt$ly a portrait ( ,lady ,m4 ,x 0 catalogu$ "u ! errone\s title ( 8,mrs4 ,anne ,rop]10 ) a note :i* /at$ t x 8has also be5 ?\ght to be a portrait by ,mabuse1 ( ,m>g>et1 ,c\ntess ( ,ri*mond & ,d]by1 "m ( ,h5ry ,,viii40 ,!re 0 no ,mrs4 ,anne ,rop] 9 ,holbe9's day2 & ! 8,anne0 is probably a mi/ake = 8,m>g>et0 on ! "p ( ! p]son :o fir/ misnam$ ! picture4 ,! portrait really repres5ts ,m>g>et ,rop]'s /epmo!r1 z a comp>ison ) ! head ( ,lady ,m 9 ! ,basel sket* conclusively proves4 ,!re is a /rong lik5ess betwe5 ! two1 & ! position ( ! figure1 ) ! head slightly b5t d[n1 & an op5 book held 9 bo? h&s on h] lap1 is ! same 9 bo?4 ,x is a half-l5g? figure1 seat$ to ! left1 ) a d>k dress trimm$ ) fur & r$ "u-sleeves1 black angul> head-dress ) black fall1 & a :ite cap und]nea?4 ,%e we>s a triple gold *a9 r\nd h] neck1 ) crucifix atta*$1 & a m$allion broo* ) ?ree p5dant pe>ls4 ,! backgr\nd is a d>k blue-gre54 ,! bru%work is weak & hesitat+1 b x is possibly a mu*-damag$ & repa9t$ orig9al panel by ,holbe91 ?\gh practically no?+ ( ! ma/]'s own h&iwork is n[ visible4 ,if n a badly-damag$ orig9al1 x mu/ be a ne>ly contempor>y copy f a lo/ picture by him1 r ?an "o tak5 f ! figure 9 ! ,no/ell ,priory v]sion4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ! use ( ! "n 8,anne0 9 conjunction ) ,rop]--,lady ,m's "n 0 8,alice0--is also to be f\nd on ! back ( a m9iature aft] ,holbe9 9 ! ,royal ,collection1 :i* at "o "t1 be=e ! inscription 0 uncov]$1 0 said to repres5t ,que5 ,ka!r9e ( ,aragon4 ,x is inscrib$ 9 two l9es--8,anna ,rop] ,?om ,mori ,filia4 ,w4 ,holl> p9xit po/ ,holbe9ium1 #afeb40 ,"h ! 8,anne0 is evid5tly a mi/ake = 8,m>g>et0 or 8,m>410 p]haps made by ,holl> himself :5 copy+ ! orig9al2 or1 possibly1 ! orig9al may h be5 a portrait ( ,lady ,m1 a companion m9iature to ! "o already describ$ ( ,sir ,?omas1 to :i* an errone\s title _h become atta*$ be=e ,holl> 0 employ$ to copy x4#fid ,! portrait ( ,m>g>et ,rop] at ,knole1 :i* = _m ye>s has be5 g5]ally kn[n z ,que5 ,ka!r9e ( ,aragon1 0 exhibit$ by ,"l ,sackville at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 9 #aiji 7,no4 #dd74fie ,! same portrait 0 l5t1 z 8,que5 ,ka!r9e10 to ! ,national ,portrait ,exhibition 9 #ahff 7,no4 #gh71 by ! ,c\ntess ,delaw>r4 ,x is probably a ne>ly contempor>y copy ( a lo/ orig9al by ,holbe91 & corresponds closely1 except+ = slight diff]5ces 9 ! h&s1 ) ! figure 9 ! ,basel sket*4 ,x is a ?ree-qu>t]s l5g?1 on panel1 #be 94 by #ai 941 ! figure turn$ ?ree-qu>t]s to ! left1 ) diamond-%ap$ hood embroid]$ ) gold1 a squ>e-cut black & :ite dress1 edg$ ) jewels1 ov] a transp>5t *emisette1 & clo? ( gold sleeves4 ,a /r+ ( black beads & a f9e gold *a9 are r\nd h] neck1 & a c9quefoil jewel at h] brea/4 ,%e holds a book op5 ) bo? h&s1 on a table 9 front ( h]4 ,! inscription1 8,que5 ,ca?r9e10 is 9 an eighte5?-c5tury h&4 ,sid5ote3 ,,draw+ ,,( ,,an ,,engli% ,,lady ,!re is a brilliant draw+ ( an ,engli% lady by ,holbe9 9 ! collection bequea!d by ,mr4 ,george ,salt+ to ! nation 7,pl4 #gi71 :i* 0 includ$ 9 ! same exhibition at ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club 7,no4 #gb71 a /udy 9 black & r$ *alks1 height5$ ) :ite1 & re9=c$ ) ,indian ink1 ^u pale p9k-t9t$ pap]4#fif ,! %eet has be5 cut r\nd ! outl9e by "s v&al1 b ! draw+ itself is entirely free f ! ret\*+ :i* disfigures c]ta9 ( ! ,w9dsor heads4 ,! high lights on ! *eek1 nose1 & eyes are put 9 ) :ite1 & r$ *alk is us$ sp>+ly on ! lips & else:]e4 ,! b& ( hair :i* %[s b5ea? ! coif is wa%$ ) yell[i% br[n4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ by m ?an "o critic t x is a portrait ( ,m>g>et ,rop]1 b z ,mr4 ,campbell ,dodgson1 :o contribut$ a note ^u x = ! ,vas>i ,society1 po9ts out1 s f> z ! evid5ce ( ! ,basel draw+ goes1 ! id5tification appe>s possible1 b n conv9c+4 ,x is n "o ( ! prelim9>y /udies = ! picture itself1 :i* 7 done on :ite pap]1 & if x repres5ts ,m>g>et ,rop]1 %e mu/ h sat aga9 to ,holbe9 aft] 8 return to ,engl& 9 #aecb4 ,accord+ to ! same au?ority1 x is probably ! 8,portrait ( a ,lady10 lot #dh 9 ! ,jona?an ,ri*>dson sale1 #agdf1 9 :i* case x 0 b\ght by ,knapton1 ^: draw+s 7 sold 9 #ahjd4 ,lat] on x 0 9 ! collections ( ! ,m>quis ( ,/af=d & ,"l ,ronald ,su!rl& ,g[]4 ,x is c]ta9ly "o ( ! v f9e/ ,holbe9 draw+s 9 exi/5ce4 8,no portrait-/udy ( a woman10 says ,sir ,claude ,phillips1 8ev5 9 ! great ,w9dsor s]ies1 equals ?is 9 ! spiritual beauty :i* illum9es & trans=ms--or r int]prets--a pres5tm5t ( quiet & un=c$ realism4 ,b r>ely ! great portraiti/ all[s himself ?us to lay b>e = ! behold] ! inn] work+s ( ! s\l2 z a rule he cont5ts himself ) a supreme tru? :i* is n infrequ5tly z difficult to unravel z ,nature h]self40#fig ,f9ally1 !re is a picture belong+ to ! ,bray family ( ,%]e1 :i*1 f an old inscription on ! frame1 is said to be a portrait ( ,m>g>et1 ^: daught] 0 "o ( ! f\r wives ( ,sir ,edw>d ,bray4#fih ,! lik5ess to ! ,basel sket*1 h[ev]1 is n v evid5t1 & ! picture has no pret5ce to be by ,holbe94 ,! sitt] we>s a close-fitt+ :ite cap ) long ends fall+ on h] brea/1 & holds a ros>y atta*$ to a l>ge circul> ornam5t :i* =ms "p ( h] girdle4 ,! backgr\nd is a l&scape1 ) a view ( ! b5d ( a wide riv] runn+ betwe5 high cliffs4#fii ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #gi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,engli% ,,lady ,draw+ 9 black & r$ *alk1 & ,indian ink ,,salt+ ,,beque/1 ,,briti% ,,museum ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,fir/ ,,visit ,,to ,,engl&3 ,,o!r ,,portraits ,,& ,,decorative ,,"w ,holbe9's "w = ! tempor>y ,banquet+ ,h\se at ,gre5wi*--,! 8,plat ( ,tirwan0--,portraits ( ,sir ,h5ry & ,lady ,gulde=d--,william ,w>ham1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury--,john ,fi%]1 ,bi%op ( ,ro*e/]--,?omas & ,john ,godsalve--,niklaus ,kratz]1 ! a/ronom]--,undat$ portraits--,sir ,bryan ,tuke--,reskim]--,sir ,h5ry ,wyat--,sir ,?omas & ,lady ,eliot--,draw+ ( an unkn[n man at ,*atswor?4 ,,possibly "o ( ! causes :i* prev5t$ ! imm$iate completion ( ! l>ge picture ( ! ,m family 9 ! spr+ ( #aebg 0 ! commission ,holbe9 receiv$ at ?is "t = decorative "w ( an important nature1 = :i* he obta9$ paym5t f ! royal purse4 ,e>ly 9 #aebg negotiations 7 9 progress betwe5 ,h5ry ,,viii & ,francis ,i = an alliance1 :i* 0 to be /r5g!n$ 9 ! future by ! m>riage ( ! ,pr9cess ,m>y1 !n elev5 ye>s ( age1 & heir-presumptive to ! ,engli% ?rone1 ) ei!r ,francis himself or "o ( 8 sons4 ,! ratification ( ?is alliance 0 celebrat$ at ,gre5wi* on ,sunday1 ! #e? ( ,may #aebg1 by a s]ies ( fe/ivities ) :i* ,h5ry ent]ta9$ ! ,fr5* ambassadors4 ,a mass1 at :i* ! ,k+ & ambassadors swore to obs]ve ! league1 0 foll[$ by a t\rnam5t1 &1 9 ! ev5+1 a gr& banquet1 9 a magnific5t build+1 specially erect$ = ! occasion1 9 ! decoration ( :i* !re is e reason to believe t ,holbe9 took a lead+ "p4 ,hall1 9 8 ,triumphant ,reigne ( ,kyng ,h5ry ! ,,viii1 publi%$ 9 #aedh1 gives a long description ( ?is banquet+ h\se1 & its cont5ts1 f :i* a %ort extract may be quot$ "h3-- 8,! ,kyng aga9/ t night _h caus$ a banket h\se to bee made on ! "o syde ( ! tylt y>de at ,gr5ewy*e ( an hundre? foote ( l5g? & ,,xxx foote br$?1 ! ro(e 0 purple clo? full ( roses & ,pomg>nettes1 ! wynd[es 7 al cl]e /ories ) curri\s monneles /rangely wr\ght1 ! ,jawe peces & cre/es 7 k>v$ ) ,v9ettes & trails ( savage worke1 & ri*ely gilt$ ) gold & ,byse1 ?ys woorke corboly+ b>e ! c&el/yckes ( antyke woorke :i*e b>e little tor*ettes ( :ite waxe1 ^! c&el/ickes 7 poli%$ lyke ,aumbre3 at ! "o syde 0 a haute place = h]awldes & m9/relles40 ,!n1 aft] be/[+ 8 admiration on ! cupbo>ds ( gold & silv] plate1 he cont9ues 8 description ( ! build+3 8,at ! ne!r ende 7 twoo broade ar*es ^u ?re ,antike pill]s all ( gold burni%$ swag$ & grav5 full ( ,g>gills & ,s]p5tes1 supporty+ ! edifices ! ,ar*es 7 vawt$ ) ,armorie1 al ( ,bice & golde1 & above ! ,ar*es 7 made _m sondri ,antikes & divises40 8,:5 supp] 0 done10 he adds lat]1 8! kyng1 ! qu5e & ! ambassadors 444 rose & w5t out ( ! banket *ambre bi ! =sai$ ,ar*es1 & :5 !y 7 betw5e ! utt]mo/e dore & ! ,ar*es ! kyng caus$ !m to turne backe & loke on t syde ( ! ,ar*es1 & !re !y sawe h[ ,tyrw9 0 beseg$1 & ! v man] ( e mans camp1 v conny+ly wr\ght1 :i*e woorke m pleas$ !m !n ! remembry+ ( ! ?yng 9 d$e4 ,f !ns !y pass$ by a long gal]ie ri*ely hang$ into a *ambre faire & l>ge40 ,9 ?is *amb]1 aft] a ,lat9 oration & o!r set recitations1 "s h\rs 7 sp5t 9 mask+ & danc+1 aft] :i* a return 0 made to ! banquet-h\se = a second supp]4 8,& aft] t all 0 do5 ! kyng & all o!r w5t to re/1 = ! night 0 sp5t1 & ! day ev5 at ! breakyng4444 ,^! two h\ses 444 ! kyng commaund$ %\ld /& /ill1 = ?re or f\re daies1 t al hone/ p]sones might see & beholde ! h\ses & ri*es1 & !!r came a great nombre ( p1 to see & behold ! ri*es & co/ely devices40 ,sid5ote3 ,,! ,,banquet+ ,,h\se ,?is tempor>y build+ 0 app>5tly ! mo/ elaborate ( its k9d erect$ 9 ,engl& dur+ ! reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii1 & x may be tak5 = c]ta9 t ,holbe9 _h mu* to d ) x1 bo? z reg>ds "w f 8 own bru%1 & also 9 ! sup]vision ( a numb] ( o!r pa9t]s & decorators employ$ ^u x4 ,! acc\nts ( ! exp5ses incurr$ 9 its build+ are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,record ,(fice1 & ab/racts f !m are publi%$ 9 ! ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 ,=eign & ,dome/ic1 ( ! ,reign ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 ,m detail$ ab/racts are giv5 by ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,ni*ols1 ,f4,s4,a41 :o w5t ?r\gh ! orig9al docum5ts mo/ c>efully1 9 a pap] read be=e ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies1 on ,m>* #ca1 #ahih4gjj ,?r\gh\t ^! detail$ acc\nts ( ! wages paid by ,ri*>d ,gibson1 !re is con/ant m5tion ( "o 8,ma/] ,hans10 & h[ev] common su* a ,*ri/ian "n may h be5 9 ,g]many1 !re is no record ( any o!r =eign arti/ 9 ,engl& at ?is p]iod nam$ ,hans b ,holbe91 :o else:]e is m ?an once ref]r$ to z ,ma/] ,hans4 ,sir ,h5ry ,gulde=d1 comptroll] ( ! ,k+'s h\sehold1 an intimate fri5d ( ,m1 & a correspond5t ( ,erasmus1 _h (ficial *>ge ( ! erection ( ?is banquet-h\se1 & 8 portrait 0 pa9t$ by ,holbe9 9 ! same ye>1 & possibly at ab\t ! same "t1 = ,gulde=d is repres5t$ z we>+ 8 *a9 z a ,knight ( ! ,g>t]1 :i* hon\r 0 be/[$ ^u him on ,april #bd1 #aebg4 ,he mu/ ?us h _h full k ( ,holbe9's capabilities1 & w\ld naturally turn to him = assi/ance on ?is occasion1 :5 ev]y?+ _h to be done 9 a hurry1 & z _m pa9t]s z possible press$ into ! s]vice4 ,!n aga91 ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat1 treasur] ( ! ,*amb]1 :om ,holbe9 also pa9t$ dur+ 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&1 0 associat$ ) ,gulde=d 9 ! build+ ( ?is 8banket+-h\se10 s t ! pa9t] w\ld h a second fri5d at c\rt4 ,x seems practically c]ta91 !re=e1 t ,holbe9 0 ! 8,ma/] ,hans0 ( ! acc\nts4 ,"w 0 begun on ! #ae? ,janu>y1 #aebg1 & ab\t a doz5 pa9t]s 7 employ$ = ! next ?ree weeks1 at wages rang+ f #f;d4 to #ab;d4 a day4 ,only "o ( !m1 ,rob]t ,wry!oke1 receiv$ a %ill+ a day4 ,he 0 a mak] ( m\lds & ca/s1 & suppli$ ! pla/] figures & ornam5tal pill>s4 ,on ,friday1 ! #h? ,febru>y1 ! foll[+ entry appe>s = ! fir/ "t3-- 8,ma/] ,nycolas at ! kyngs plessy]4 8,ma/] ,hans ! day iiii4s40#gja ,?is entry is repeat$1 ) only f\r days' int]val1 until ,saturday ! #crd ( ,m>*4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,ni*ols1 ! same di/9ction betwe5 ! t]ms ( ! two pa9t]s' employm5t is kept up ?r\gh\t all ! entries1 ! mean+ ( :i* appe>s to be t :ile ,holbe9's paym5t 0 fix$ by agreem5t at #ds4 a day1 ! remun]ation ( ,ma/] ,nycolas 0 left to be subsequ5tly settl$ at ! discretion ( 8 employ]s4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! "w ,holbe9 came 9 contact ) _m ( ! *ief ,engli% pa9t]s & a numb] ( ! =eign arti/s 9 ,h5ry's s]vice1 & x is int]e/+ to note1 z "s indication ( ! e/imation 9 :i* he 0 already held by c]ta9 ( ! c\rt (ficials1 t he 0 m highly paid ?an any ( 8 associates4 ,among ^? :o assi/$ 9 ! "w 7 ,john ,br[ne1 ! ,k+'s s]jeant-pa9t]1 :o suppli$ mu* ( ! mat]ial2 8,v9c5t ,vulp & ,ellys ,c>myan1 ,italian pa9t]s10 :o receiv$ #bjs4 a week2 ,john ,demyans 7,giovanni da ,maiano7 & ! 8,italian pa9t]s & gild]s1 ,ni*olas ,flor5t9e1 at #bs41 & ,domyngo 7,dom5ico71 at #af;d4 day & night40 ,?is ,ni*olas ( ,flor5ce 0 probably ! same man z ! ,ma/] ,nycolas m5tion$ above z associat$ ) ,holbe94 ,among ! ca/]s ( lead employ$ 7 two o!r ,italians1 ,ar*angell & ,raphael1 :ile ,john ,ra/all suppli$ 8div]s necess>ies b\ght = ! trimm+ ( ! ,fa!r ( ,heav51 lions1 dragons1 & greyh\nds hold+ c&le/icks40 ,a numb] ( o!r names are includ$1 *iefly ,engli% m]c]s1 embroid]]s1 saddl]s1 plumb]s1 hosi]s1 & o!r tradesm54 ,detail$ acc\nts ( ! mat]ials us$ are giv51 & frequ5t entries occur ( col\rs 8sp5t by ,ma/] ,hans & 8 company on ! ro(0--8,mr4 ,hans & ! pa9t]s on ! f\r clo?s0--8,black coll>s = ,mr4 ,hans1 #cs4 #d;d40--& s on4 ,^! extracts seem to %[ t ,holbe9 0 employ$ to direct all ! pa9t]s & gild]s engag$1 & no d\bt ! decorations 7 l>gely ( 8 design4 ,x has be5 impossible1 s f>1 to id5tify ,ma/] ,nycolas1 !n 9 ! ,k+'s s]vice1 :o work$ ) him4 ,he _c h be5 ,nicolas ,bell91 :o 0 occupi$ at ,fonta9ebleau at ?is p]iod1 & did n visit ,engl& until "s t5 ye>s lat]4 ,! only o!r ,italian nam$ ,nicolas m5tion$ 9 ! ,/ate ,pap]s 0 ,nicolas ,lasora1 :o1 9 #aecb1 0 employ$ on ! decoration ( ,we/m9/] ,palace4#gjb ,sid5ote3 8,,! ,,plat ,,( ,,tirwan0 ,holbe9 & ,nycolas 7 ?us occupi$ at ,gre5wi* = n9ete5 days1 ) ! int]val ( "o ,sunday's re/1 hav+ be5 kept at "w dur+ two o!r ,sundays1 :5 ! ord9>y workm5 7 tak+ holiday4 ,holbe9's daily att5dance at ! ,banquet+ ,h\se appe>s to h ceas$ on ,sunday1 ! #crd ( ,m>*1 ?\gh ?is 0 by no means ! end ( 8 connection ) ! decoration ( ! build+4 ,= ! next mon? he 0 busily engag$ ei!r 9 ,london or at ,*elsea 9 pa9t+ a l>ge composition = ! decoration ( ! back ( ! triumphal ar*--! picture spok5 ( 9 su* high t]ms by ,hall1 %[+ 8h[ ,tyrw9 0 beseg$40 ,?is picture 0 s f> advanc$ by ! #aa? ,m>* t x & a numb] ( o!r pa9t$ canvases 7 plac$ tempor>ily 9 position = ! inspection ( ! ,k+4 ,holbe9 _h complet$ 8 p>ticul> %>e 9 ! "w by ! #d? ( ,april1 :5 ! picture 0 fet*$ f ,london by ,lewis ,demoron1 :o receiv$ #af;d41 8= 8 bote-hire to ,london = fet*+ ( ! plat ( ,tirwan40 ,! complete decoration ( ! build+ 0 n f9i%$ till ! #e? ,may1 on ! eve ( ! fe/ivities1 & no d\bt ,holbe9 resum$ 8 sup]vision1 ?\gh x is n m5tion$ 9 ! acc\nts4 ,= 8 l>ge pa9t+1 :i* occupi$ him = ab\t ?ree weeks1 he receiv$ ! paym5t ( #d1 #ajs41 :i* is equal to ab\t #fj or #gj ( mod]n money4 ,! entry 9 ! acc\nts runs z foll[s3 8,paid to ,ma/] ,hans = ! paynet+ ( ! plat ( ,tirwan :i* /&e? on ! baksyde ( ! grete ar*e1 9 grete iiijl4 xs40--! words 89 grete0 mean+ t he receiv$ a sum d[n = ! "w1 in/ead ( a daily wage4 ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,ni*ols fir/ call$ att5tion to ?is "w ( ,holbe9's 9 ,! ,hall ( ,law=d ,hall1 publi%$ 9 #ahia1 & 9 ! same ye> ,mr4 ,alfr$ ,beav]1 9 8 ,memorials ( ,old ,*elsea1 ref]r$ to "s ( ! details 9 ,dr4 ,brew]'s ab/racts4 ,mr4 ,beav] 0 ( op9ion t ! old picture ( ! 8,battle ( ,spurs0 at ,hampton ,c\rt1 9 e>li] days attribut$ to ,holbe91 0 ! v 8plat ( ,tirwan0 9 "q4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n correct4 8,! ,battle ( ,spurs0 0 c]ta9ly n pa9t$ by ,holbe91 b by "s mu* inf]ior arti/4 ,x has be5 attribut$ to ,v9c5t ,volpe & o!r ( ! m9or =eign arti/s !n 9 ,engl&1 & probably 0 pa9t$ 9 commemoration ( ! victory %ortly aft] ! battle itself1 :i* took place 9 #aeac4 ,x is on wood1 & measures #d ft4 #d 94 high by #h ft4 #f 94 wide1 :]eas ,holbe9's picture 0 on canvas1 & 0 evid5tly mu* l>g]1 = we le>n f ,ri*>d ,gibson's acc\nts t x took tw5ty-f\r ells ( f9e canvas 8= ! lyn+ ( ! baksyde ( ! grete ,ar*e :]uppon ,tirw9 is /aynyd10 at a co/ ( #ae %ill+s4 8,x ?us appe>s10 says ,mr4 ,ni*ols1 8t ab\t #ij feet ( f9e canvas 7:i* we may suppose to h be5 a y>d or n mu* less 9 wid?7 0 requir$ to cov] ! back ( ! ar*1 & ! ma9 decoration ( ?is widespread surface ( "s #bj or #cj squ>e y>ds appe>s to h be5 ! picture 9 "q40 ,! two pictures diff]$ mat]ially 9 subject4 ,x is to be ga!r$ f ,hall's acc\nt t ,holbe9's pa9t+ repres5t$ ! actual siege ( ,t]\5ne1 :]eas ! ,hampton ,c\rt panel %[s ! pursuit ( ! ,fr5* cavalry & _! surr5d] to ! ,engli%1 ?\gh ! t[n ( ,t]\5ne1 ) its =tifications & h\ses1 is %[n pla9ly 9 ! middle di/ance4 ,9 any case ! subject1 ! defeat ( ! ,fr5* by ! ,engli%1 seems to h be5 a s+ul>ly inappropriate "o = ! p>ticul> occasion = :i* x 0 pa9t$1 ! ratification ( a solemn treaty betwe5 ,engl& & ,france1 & !re 0 little delicacy 9 ,h5ry's hum\r 9 po9t+ x out to 8 gue/s6 ,ev5 ,hall intimates t !y 7 m pleas$ ) ! pa9t+ ( x ?an ) ! remembrance ( ! incid5t4 ,! subject may h be5 sugge/$ by ,gulde=d1 :o 0 ,h5ry's /&>d-be>] at ,t]\5ne1 & knight$ aft] ,t\rnay4 ,! picture itself has disappe>$1 l s _m ( ,holbe9's l>ge decorative works2 n ev5 a /udy = x has be5 s f> discov]$4 ,x is some:at extraord9>y1 consid]+ ,h5ry's evid5t appreciation ( ?is 8plat10 & ! int]e/ he took 9 ! g5]al decoration ( ! ,banquet+ ,h\se1 t ,holbe9 0 n at once tak5 into ! royal s]vice4 ,8 "w at ,gre5wi* mu/ h af=d$ ample pro( ( 8 p[]s z an arti/1 & ! ,k+ 0 only too anxi\s to (f] inducem5ts to ! be/ =eign pa9t]s to settle 9 ,engl&4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t ?is lack ( recognition 0 due to jeal\sy on ! "p ( c]ta9 o!r pa9t]s !n employ$ ab\t ! ,c\rt1 b ?is does n appe> a v plausible explanation1 = ,h5ry 0 by no means a man to be influ5c$ 9 ?is way4 ,?is lack ( royal patronage is all ! m extraord9>y :5 x is rememb]$ t at ! "t ,holbe9 0 at "w z a portrait-pa9t] = sev]al ( ,h5ry's fav\rite s]vants1 & t 9 all probability ! portrait ( ,m1 if n o!rs1 _h be5 se5 by ! ,k+1 :o is said to h be5 fond ( pay+ unexpect$ visits to ! future ,"l ,*ancellor at ,*elsea4 ,:atev] ! reason1 h[ev]1 ! fact rema9s t ,holbe9's "n does n appe> 9 ! royal acc\nts until mu* lat]1 nor is !re any portrait ( ! ,k+ by him ( ?is date1 or ( ,que5 ,ka!r9e1 or any o!r evid5ce to %[ t he held any (ficial position at ,c\rt dur+ 8 fir/ resid5ce 9 ,engl&4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,gulde=d ,!re are only ?ree portraits by ,holbe9 :i* be> ! date #aebg--^? ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 ,sir ,h5ry ,gulde=d1 & ,ar*bi%op ,w>ham2 & only two ( ! date #aebh--,niklaus ,kratz]1 ! ,k+'s ,g]man a/ronom]1 & ! d\ble portrait ( ,?omas ,godsalve ( ,norwi*1 & 8 son ,john1 ?\gh sev]al o!rs1 undat$1 may be ascrib$ to ?is p]iod ) "s c]ta9ty4 ,! portrait ( ,gulde=d 7,pl4 #hj71gjc 9 ! royal collection at ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 0 probably begun %ortly aft] ,holbe9's "w at ,gre5wi* 0 f9i%$1 & 0 pa9t$ to commemorate ! sitt]'s advancem5t z a ,knight ( ! ,g>t] on ,april #bd1 a few days be=e ! fe/ivities took place1 z he is we>+ ! *a9 ( ! ord] across 8 %\ld]s4 ,he is %[n at half-l5g?1 ! body turn$ slightly to ! spectator's "r1 ! light com+ 9 f ! left4 ,he is clean %av51 ) bu%y hair cov]+ 8 e>s1 & we>s a d\blet ( patt]n$ clo? ( gold1 cut squ>e1 above a :ite %irt4 ,ov] x is a d>k g[n ) a wide coll> ( br[n fur & %ort sleeves1 leav+ ! gold sleeves ( 8 d\blet uncov]$4 ,! ?umb ( 8 left h& is ?ru/ into 8 girdle1 & 9 8 "r h& he holds ! :ite /aff ( 8 (fice z ,comptroll] ( ! ,h\sehold4 ,on ! brim ( 8 flat black cap is a circul> m$allion ! design on :i* _c n[ be deciph]$4 ,9 ! ,pr9t ,room ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 h[ev]1 !re is an et*+ ( ?is hat-badge1 or 8s+ul> ornam5t on an escut*eon10 z a note ^u ! pr9t t]ms x1 :i* app>5tly 0 made :5 ! picture 0 at ,k5s+ton ,palace e>ly 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 f :i* x appe>s t x repres5t$ a clock1 a pair ( compasses1 & o!r in/rum5ts4 ,gulde=d we>s a ?9 d\ble gold *a9 r\nd 8 neck1 ! l[] "p ( :i* is hidd5 by 8 d\blet1 & ov] 8 %\ld]s ! ,coll> ( ! ,ord] ( ! ,g>t] ) ! p5dant ,george4 ,! backgr\nd is d>k gre51 ) a d>k gre5 curta9 on ! spectator's "r1 hang+ by r+s on an iron rod1 :i* ext5ds "r across ! upp] "p ( ! picture1 & on ! left a sprig ( v9e-tree foliage4 ,9 ! upp] left-h& corn] is pa9t$ a :ite label1 on :i* is inscrib$ 9 cursive lett]s3 8,,anno ,d4 ,,mcccccxxvii4 ,,etatis ,,su ,,xl ,,ix40 ,! age pa9t$ on ! c>tel is some:at p]plex+1 z x indicates t ! sitt] 0 =ty-n9e 9 #aebg1 :]eas dur+ ! proce$+s relat+ to ! divorce ( ,que5 ,ka!r9e1#gjd ,gulde=d himself decl>$ t 8 age 9 #aebi1 two ye>s lat]1 0 only =ty4 ,mr4 ,law sugge/s z a solution t at "s "t or o!r1 9 "s process ( re/oration1 ! figures h be5 tamp]$ )1 & ! fact t ! ,,xl is sep>at$ f ! ,,ix by a blank space ( ab\t a figure 9 wid?1 adds "s probability to 8 sugge/ion1 :ile ! face seems sc>cely to be t ( a man z old z =ty-n9e4#gje ,! ma/]ly orig9al draw+ = ?is portrait1 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection1#gjf is inscrib$ 8,h>ry ,gulde=d ,knight10 & ?is1 accord+ to ! same writ]1 may be ! sole au?ority = ! "n be/[$ on ! picture1 ! untru/wor?9ess ( "s ( ^! inscriptions be+ well kn[n4 ,holl>'s engrav+ ( ! portrait1 h[ev]1 :i* 0 made 9 #afdg1 is inscrib$ ) ! "n ( ,gulde=d2 & ! fact t !re is a companion engrav+ ( 8 wife1 entitl$ 8! ,lady ,gulde=de10 & inscrib$ 8,holbe9 p9xit1 ,w4 ,holl> fecit1 ex collectione ,arundeliana ,ao #afdg1 tatis #bh1 ,ao #aebg10 confirms ! claims ( ?is picture to be an au!ntic portrait ( ,sir ,h5ry ,gulde=d4 ,bo? portraits 7 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 & are ent]$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8,ritratto del ,cavagli] ,guild=d0 & 8,ritratto della moglie sua40 ,!y came to ! ,e>l ) o!r works by ,holbe9 f ! ,lumley ,collection4 ,9 addition to ^! portraits1 ,"l ,arundel also possess$ a m9iature or small oil pa9t+ ( ,gulde=d--8,ritratto del ,cavagli] ,guilt=t 9 piccolo40 ,x is possible t ?is small portrait is ! "o :i* ,holl> copi$1 z 8 engrav+s ( ,gulde=d & 8 wife are bo? r\ndels4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,gulde=d #aebg ,,w9dsor ,,ca/le ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,gulde=d ,!re is a m9iature at ,w9dsor1 a portrait obvi\sly ( ! same man1 9 :i* ! face is y\ng]1 & ! coll> ( ! ,g>t] is abs5t1 :i* app>5tly 0 pa9t$ "s ye>s be=e ,holbe9 came to ,engl&1 & may be ! "o =m]ly 9 ! ,arundel ,collection4#gjg ,a small copy ( ! ,w9dsor picture1 inscrib$ 8,s]4 ,h>ry ,gylld=d10 0 l5t to ! ,tudor ,exhibition1 #ahij 7,no4 #adf71 by ! ,hon4 ,h4 ,tyr:itt ,wilson4#gjh ,gulde=d 0 ! only son ( ,sir ,ri*>d ,gulde=d1 ,k4,g41 by 8 second wife1 ,joan1 si/] ( ,sir ,ni*olas ,vaux1 aft]w>ds ,"l ,vaux ( ,h>r[d54 ,he 0 a great fav\rite ( ! ,k+'s1 & 8 companion 9 all 8 sports & pa/imes4 ,he receiv$ _m hon\rs f ! royal h&s1 & became successively ,squire ( ! ,body1 ,k+'s ,/&>d-,be>]1 ,knight ,bann]et1 ,ma/] ( ! ,revels1 ,comptroll] ( ! ,h\sehold1 & ,ma/] ( ! ,horse4 ,he rema9$ 9 high fav\r ) ,h5ry1 9 spite ( ! enmity ( ,anne ,boleyn1 caus$ by 8 opposition to ! divorce except aft] a papal s5t5ce4 ,he di$ 9 #aecc1 %ortly aft] ,holbe9's second arrival 9 ,engl&4 ,?is portrait1 :i* is "o ( ! f9e/ ( ,holbe9's works n[ 9 ! ,royal ,collection1 is a dignifi$ & lifelike repres5tation1 full ( "*1 :ile ! details ( ! ri* & elaborate dress1 & ! sumptu\s coll> ( ! ,g>t]1 are pa9t$ ) exquisite tru? & c>e4 ,! face has a peculi> yell[ t9t1 conc]n+ :i* ,woltmann rem>ks3 8,x has be5 tak5 = grant$ t ! head has be5 pa9t$ ov]2 b su* is n ! case--on ! contr>y1 x is 9 a rem>kably good /ate ( pres]vation4 ,! col\r mu/ h be5 a peculi>ity ( ! p]son portray$4 ,?is may be inf]r$ f its be+ indicat$ 9 a l mann] 9 ! draw+ at ,w9dsor ,ca/le40#gji ,little is kn[n ( ! hi/ory ( ! panel4 ,9 #aeij x1 or a replica ( x1 0 9 ! possession ( ,"l ,lumley at ,lumley ,ca/le1 toge!r ) ! companion panel ( ,lady ,gulde=d1 & x is describ$ 9 ! inv5tory z 8,( ,sir ,h5ry ,guilf\rd1 ,c\mptroll] to ,k'4 ,h'4 #h1 drawne by ,haunce ,holbyn40 ,x reappe>s1 z not$ above1 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury 9 ! ,e>l ( ,arundel's ,collection1 :ile 9 ! eighte5? m ?an "o ref]5ce to x 9 contempor>y lit]ature %[s t x 0 !n 9 ,k5s+ton ,palace4#gaj ,x 0 engrav$ 9 a small circle 9 ,an/is' ,ord] ( ! ,g>t]1 #agbd1 9 :i* 8 age is giv5 z =ty2 by ,v]tue 9 #agbf = ,knight's ,life ( ,erasmus1 & aga9 9 #agia by ,s*iavonetti1 aft] a draw+ by ,s4 ,h>d+1 & describ$ z 8f an orig9al picture by ,holbe9 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,william ,burrell0--t is1 f ! copy1 possibly an almo/ contempor>y "o1#gaa :i* 0 de/roy$ 9 ! ,knepp ,ca/le fire 9 ,janu>y #aijd1 toge!r ) "o ( ,lady ,gulde=d1 & o!r replicas ( well-kn[n ,holbe9 portraits4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ha4 ,illu/ration3 ,,john ,,fi%] ,bi%op ( ,ro*e/] ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,w9dsor ,,ca/le ,illu/ration3 ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hb4 ,illu/ration3 ,,unkn[n ,,engli%man ,bi%op ( ,ro*e/] ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,basil ,,gall]y ,illu/ration3 ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,basel ,,gall]y ,! portrait ( ,lady ,gulde=d1#gab l5t by ,mr4 ,frew5 to ! ,national ,portrait ,exhibition at ,s\? ,k5s+ton 9 #ahfh1 & to ! ,royal ,academy ,w9t] ,exhibition1 #ahhj 7,no4 #aga71 0 at ,lumley ,ca/le 9 #aeij1 & is ent]$ 9 ! inv5tory z 8,( ! ,la4 ,guilf\rd1 wife to ,sir ,h>ry ,guilf\rd1 ,c\mptroll]1 drawne by ,haunce ,holbyn02 & at a lat] p]iod 0 9 ! ,duke ( ,buck+ham's ,collection at ,/[e4 ,?is once f9e portrait has be5 mu* rubb$1 repair$1 & ov]-v>ni%$1 b accord+ to ,sir ,george ,s*>f & ! late ,mr4 ,f4 ,g4 ,/eph5s1 its g5u95ess z a "w ( ,holbe9 is unque/ionable4 ,?is is prov$1 says ! latt]1#gac 8by ! vigor\s expression ( ! p5etrat+ eyes ( ! lady1 ! /ill evid5t lum9osity ( ! fle%1 ! imp]i\sness ( ! delicately cut no/rils1 ! exquisite execution ( ! details1 & ! en]gy imp>t$ to ! mu* injur$ h&s4 ,! f9e pa9t+ ( ! sleeve ( gold illu/rates ! practice ( ,holbe9 & 8 s*ool 9 employ+ leaf gold to imp>t lu/re to ! fabric4444 ,! be/ pro( ( ! g5u95ess ( #8,lady ,guild=d' is ! exquisite execution ( ! bran* ( v9e 9 ! backgr\nd1 a feature :i* appe>s 9 sev]al ( ,holbe9's pa9t+s4444 ,! ,guild=d portraits are bo? di/+ui%$ by ! en]gy ( ! motives !y exhibit1 ! precision1 ma/]y1 & complete s(tness ( ! modell+2 ?is is ! unfail+ te/ ( ! g5u95ess ( "w ascrib$ to ,holbe94444 ,ano!r te/ is suppli$ by ! flossy silk-l "* ( ! hair & be>ds ( ! sitt]s :5ev] ! works h1 z 9 ! #8,reskim]1' escap$ re/oration40 ,?is portrait is n[ 9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,v&]bilt1 ,new ,york2 & !re is a good e>ly m9iature copy ( x 9 ! possession ( ,mrs4 ,joseph1#gad :i* 9 e>li] days 0 said to repres5t ,ka!r9e ( ,aragon4 ,t x is a portrait ( ,lady ,gulde=d1 h[ev]1 is prov$ by ,holl>'s engrav+1#gae ) :i* x is 9 close agreem5t4 ,!re is a f9e draw+ ( an ,engli% lady1 9 black & col\r$ *alks1 9 ! ,basel ,collection 7,pl4 #ha 7#b771gaf :i* appe>s to be a /udy = ?is portrait1 ?\gh1 if s1 ,holbe9 made sev]al slight alt]ations :5 he came to pa9t ! picture4 ,x %[s ! six gold b&s or *a9s :i* are loop$ across ! lady's brea/ & c>ri$ ov] ! %\ld]s1 & ! head-dress is ! same4 ,!re is a second /udy ( a lady ( ,h5ry ,,viii's ,c\rt at ,basel 7,pl4 #hb 7#b771gag also 9 black & col\r$ *alks1 :i* has consid]able facial lik5ess to ,lady ,gulde=d1 ?\gh !re are slight diff]5ces 9 ! ornam5tation ( ! angul> head-dress & bodice4 ,two l9ks ( a heavy *a9 are drawn 9 detail on ! brea/4 ,9 ! same collection !re is a portrait draw+ ( ?is lady's husb& 7,pl4 #hb 7#a771gah :i* 9 turn be>s a consid]able resemblance to ! ,w9dsor head ( ,gulde=d1 :ile ! dress1 cap1 & bu%y hair ov] ! e>s are ! same4 ,x is possible t ^! two draw+s repres5t ,sir ,h5ry & 8 wife4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,william ,,w>ham ,"o ( ! f9e/ ( ! e>li] draw+s 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection is ! magnific5t head ( ,william ,w>ham1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1#gai :i*1 ?\gh badly rubb$ & damag$1 rema9s a wond]ful example ( ! tru? & vividness ( ,holbe9's portraiture4 ,x is on unprim$ pap]1 #ag 94 high by #ab 94 wide4 ,x 0 natural t ! pa9t] %\ld turn to ,w>ham = employm5t1 n only ?r\gh 8 close fri5d%ip ) ,sir ,?omas ,m1 b z ! fri5d also & g5]\s patron ( ,erasmus2 &1 no d\bt1 ! arti/ c>ri$ ) him f ,basel a lett] ( recomm5dation f ! latt]1 :o also "s little "t be=e _h s5t 8 own portrait by ,holbe9 z a gift to ! ,ar*bi%op4 ,w>ham 0 sev5ty ye>s old :5 ,holbe9 pa9t$ him1 & _h long s9ce retir$ f all active political life1 hav+ rel9qui%$ 8 po/ z ,"l ,*ancellor to ,wolsey 9 #aeae4 ,he /ill1 h[ev]1 reta9$ 8 high ecclesia/ical (fice1 9 spite ( m ?an "o indignity put ^u him by ! ,c>d9al4 ,he 0 a lead+ repres5tative ( ! old] age !n pass+ away1 & 8 la/ days 7 f> f happy ones4 ,!re are two v]sions ( ,holbe9's portrait ( him1 almo/ id5tical1 & bo? bas$ ^u ! ,w9dsor draw+1 "o 9 ,lambe? ,palace#gbj & ! o!r 9 ! ,l\vre 7,pl4 #hc74gba ,he is repres5t$ at half-l5g?1 seat$1 turn$ t[>ds ! left1 8 h&s re/+ on a cu%ion cov]$ ) gold brocade4 ,he is dress$ 9 8 episcopal robes1 ) a deep fur coll>1 & a black1 closely-fitt+ cap4 ,on ! spectator's "r1 on ! table1 is an op5 s]vice book1 & f>!r back on a %elf1 beh9d ! sitt]'s left %\ld]1 are o!r books & 8 jewell$ mitre2 & to ! left a magnific5t crucifix ( gold & jewels4 ,! backgr\nd consi/s ( a curta91 :i* is yell[i% br[n 9 ! ,lambe? picture1 & gre5 9 ! ,l\vre v]sion4 ,! latt] is ! m brilliant & h>moni\s 9 col\r+1 & pa9t$ 9 a ?ick] impa/o1 ! ,lambe? example be+ grey] 9 tone & m dryly execut$1 &1 p]haps1 m c>efully modell$4 ,bo? h suff]$ some:at f ! passage ( "t1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! face1 b bo? are evid5tly f ,holbe9's own h&1 & are ma/]ly /udies ( "*1 repres5t+ ! wr9kl$ old man1 sadd5$ by adv]sities1 & by ! mod]n movem5ts :i* he _h n /r5g? to /em1 b always k9dly & g5]\s to all s*ol>s & o!rs :o ne$$ 8 help1 & a s9c]e lov] ( le>n+4 ,bo? pictures h a c>tel 9 ! top "r-h& corn] ) ! inscription 8,anno ,dm4 ,m,dxxvij4 ,etatis sue ,,lxx410 & r\nd ! base ( ! crucifix ! words 8,,avxilivm ,,mevm ,a ,,deo0 7,my help is f ,god74 ,9 ! execution ( ! num]\s details ( ! ornam5ts1 ! jewels decorat+ ! mitre1 ! patt]ns ( ! embroid]ies1 ! lett]+1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! figure ( ,*ri/ on ! crucifix1 ! ma/]y ( ,holbe9's bru% is ev]y:]e 9 evid5ce4 ,!y are drawn ) ! utmo/ delicacy & tru?1 & :ile add+ to ! sumptu\sness ( ! picture 9 no way detract ! att5tion f ! nobility & dignity ( ! portrait itself4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hc4 ,illu/ration3 ,,william ,,w>ham1 ,,ar*bi%op ,,( ,,cant]bury #aebg ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,sid5ote3 ,,portraits ,,( ,,w>ham ,,& ,,fi%] ,! ,lambe? v]sion is said to h be5 pres5t$ to ,w>ham by ,sir ,?omas ,m or by ,holbe9 himself1 ?\gh !re is no reason to suppose t x 0 n paid = 9 ! usual way by ! sitt]4 8,x 0 lo/ dur+ ! civil w>s1 b 0 recov]$ aga91 z 0 suppos$1 by ,sir ,william ,dugdale1 :o re/or$ x to ,lambe? 9 ! "t ( ,ar*bi%op ,sancr(t40#gbb ,walpole /ates t 8,ar*bi%op ,p>k] entail$ ?is1 & ano!r ( ,erasmus1 on 8 successors2 !y 7 /ol5 9 ! civil w>1 b ,juxon repur*as$ ! =m]40#gbc ,! 8,erasmus10 :i* did n return to its orig9al re/+-place1 01 no d\bt1 ! "o by ,holbe9 s5t ov] by ! sitt] z a pres5t to ,w>ham4 ,! same writ] says t ! 8,w>ham0 0 at "o "t 9 ,de ,loo's collection1 & 0 aft]w>ds 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,walt] ,cope1 :o _h sev]al works by ,holbe91 :i* pass$ by m>riage to ! ,e>l ( ,holl&4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,l\vre portrait is n kn[n1 b x belong$ at "o "t to ! ,newton family1 & lat] on to ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,x is possible t x 0 pa9t$ = ,erasmus1 & t x is ! v]sion :i* belong$ to ! ,e>l ( ,arundel1 :i* is ent]$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8,w>ramus ,vescovo de ,cant]bury40 ,! ,l\vre picture1 :i* is ! l>g] ( ! two1 is consid]$ by "s critics to be ! orig9al pa9t+1 ! ,lambe? v]sion be+ a replica f ,holbe9's bru%2 o!rs hold t ! latt] is ! orig9al & ! bett] "w ( ! two1 b ! po9t is n easy ( solution unless ! two pictures c\ld be exhibit$ side by side4 ,!re are two o!r v]sions ( ! portrait at ,lambe? ,palace1 b bo? are inf]ior copies4 ,a panel ( f> high] qualities 0 l5t by ,visc\nt ,dillon to ! ,tudor ,exhibition1 #ahij 7,no4 #ajg71gbd & to ! ,ox=d ,exhibition1 #aijd 7,no4 #ba74gbe ,?is picture1 :i* is an almo/ exact replica ( ! ,l\vre & ,lambe? examples1 has consid]able claims to be consid]$ an orig9al "w :i* has suff]$1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! face & h&s1 f repa9t+4 ,x has a beautifully ri* gold5 tone1 & c]ta9 ( ! details1 m p>ticul>ly ! little gild$ figure ( ,*ri/ on ! crucifix1 are drawn ) too great a ma/]y to be f ! h& ( any copyi/4 ,! writ+ on ! c>tell9o 9 ! backgr\nd is also f9e & full ( "*1 v unlike ! "w ( an imitator4 ,"s lack ( /r5g? 9 ! h&l+ & *>act]isation ( face & h&s may1 h[ev]1 po9t to a good1 contempor>y work]4 ,evelyn1 9 8 ,di>y1 #affd1 m5tions ?is portrait at ,dit*ley z a head ( a ,pope4 ,ano!r high ecclesia/ic1 & fri5d ( ,erasmus & ,m1 ,john ,fi%]1 ,bi%op ( ,ro*e/]1 0 pa9t$ by ,holbe9 dur+ 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&1 probably at ab\t ! same "t z ,w>ham4 ,un=tunately ! picture itself is miss+1 b ?ree prelim9>y draw+s = x are 9 exi/5ce1 "o at ,w9dsor 7,pl4 #ha 7#a771 a second 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 & ! ?ird until rec5tly 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,p4 ,heselt9e4 ,! fir/1#gbf 9 black & col\r$ *alks1 is1 p]haps1 ! f9e/1 ! some:at h>d1 ascetic "* ( ! face be+ r5d]$ ) extraord9>y expression ) a few bold & =ceful t\*es4 ,! l9es ( ! body & dress are m]ely indicat$ 9 outl9e4 ,he is we>+ ! close-fitt+ black doctor's cap1 & ! face1 almo/ 9 full1 is turn$ slightly to ! spectator's left4 ,at ! bottom ( ! /udy is ! inscription1 8,il ,epyscopo de rese/] fo tagliato il ,capo l'ano #aece0 7,! ,bi%op ( ,ro*e/] behead$ 9 #aece71 :i* seems to indicate t ! draw+ 0 once 9 ! possession ( "s ,italian4 ,! draw+ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum#gbg is m c>efully f9i%$1 & 0 probably made f ! ,w9dsor sket*4 ,x 0 once 9 ! ,ri*>dson ,collection1 & 0 bequea!d to ! ,museum by ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,m4 ,cra*]ode4 ,x has no inscription4 ,! p[]ful draw+ :i* =m$ "p ( ! ,heselt9e collection1 disp]s$ 9 #aiab1 is on a r$di% gr\nd4 ,9 ?is draw+ ,holbe9 has accompli%$1 ) ! simple/ means1 "o ( 8 f9e/ & mo/ subtle /udies ( "*4 ,! pale face1 & ?91 det]m9$ lips1 ) a fa9t1 scornful smile ^u !m1 & ! brightness ( ! eyes1 /ill undimm$ 9 spite ( 8 age1 fully express ! "* ( "o :o 0 ev] ready to d battle = 8 op9ions1 & to die r ?an betray 8 convictions4 ,m+l$ ) ?is ob/9acy ! pa9t] has express$ t k9dl9ess t[>ds all :o came 9 contact ) him1 :i* ,erasmus extoll$ s highly1 & t p]sonal purity ( life :i*1 toge!r ) 8 pr(\nd le>n+1 =m$ "o ( 8 mo/ /rik+ *>act]i/ics4 ,fr\de says ( him3 8,fi%] 0 ! only "o ( ! prelates = :om x is possible to feel e/eem4 ,he 0 weak1 sup]/iti\s1 p$antic1 & ev5 cruel t[>ds ! ,prote/ants4 ,b he 0 a s9c]e man1 liv+ 9 hone/ fe> ( evil1 s f> z he und]/ood :at evil 01 & he c\ld rise above ! m5aces ( temporal suff]+ "u :i* 8 bre?r5 ( ! episcopal b5* sank s rapidly into humility & subjection40#gbh ,z /at$ above1 ! portrait :i* ,holbe9 mu/ evid5tly h pa9t$ f ?is prelim9>y /udy has disappe>$4 ,! picture 9 ,/4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge1 :i* 0 l5t to ! ,tudor ,exhibition 9 #ahij 7,no4 #ach71 0 ascrib$ to ,holbe9 9 ! catalogue1 b is n by him1 ?\gh x may be a copy ( ! lo/ orig9al4 ,he is %[n ) a /aff 9 "o h& & a glove 9 ! o!r1 & x is inscrib$ 8,ao tatis #gd10 :i*1 z ,fi%] 0 born 9 #adef1 w\ld date ! panel #aebh4 ,dallaway1 9 8 annotations to ,walpole1 notes ano!r v]sion at ,didl+ton1 ,norfolk4#gbi ,!re 0 a second portrait ( ,fi%] 9 ! ,tudor ,exhibition 7,no4 #fa71 l5t by ! ,hon4 ,h4 ,tyr:itt ,wilson1 a half-l5g?1 hold+ a pray] book 9 bo? h&s4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,! ,,godsalves ,only two pa9t+s by ,holbe9 are kn[n ) ! date #aebh--! d\ble portrait 9 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y & ! 8,kratz]0 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,! =m]1#gcj a small squ>e panel 7,pl4 #hd71 repres5ts ,?omas ,godsalve1 ( ,norwi*1 & 8 son ,john1 aft]w>ds knight$4 ,! figures1 consid]ably less ?an life-size1 are %[n to ! wai/1 seat$ at a table1 turn$ slightly to ! spectator's "r4 ,! fa!r1 a ruddy-fac$ old man1 dress$ 9 ! usual black cap & d>k ov]coat or robe ) a heavy fur coll>1 holds a quill p51 ) bo? h&s re/+ on a %eet ( pap] 9 front ( him1 on :i* he has j writt53 8,?omas ,godsalve de ,norwico ,etatis sue anno quadragesimo septo40 ,! son1 dress$ 9 a simil> co/ume1 is seat$ on ! spectator's left1 a little beh9d 8 fa!r4 ,he we>s no cap ^u 8 d>k hair1 :i*1 l ! old] man's1 is long1 hid+ ! e>s1 & cut /raight across ! =ehead4 ,9 8 left h&1 p>tly conceal$ 9 ! folds ( 8 cloak1 he holds a pap]4 ,bo? m5 are clean %av51 & we> :ite %irts1 t ( ! son be+ decorat$ r\nd ! neck ) black ,spani% "w4 ,an inkpot is on ! table1 & 9 ! left upp] corn]1 above ,sir ,john's head1 a c>tell9o is affix$ to ! pla9 backgr\nd be>+ ! date--8,anno ,dm4 ,m4 ,d4 xxviij40 ,! picture is a f9e example ( ,holbe9's "w at ?is p]iod1 & is 9 an excell5t /ate ( pres]vation4#gca ,!re is no draw+ ( ,?omas ,godsalve among ! ,w9dsor /udies1 b ( ! son !re is an exceptionally f9e "o 7,pl4 #he74gcb ,x is c>ri$ out 9 body-col\rs1 & is mu* fur!r advanc$ ?an ! o!r draw+s 9 ! collection1 &1 ?\gh some:at rubb$1 is a mo/ ma/]ly example ( ,holbe9's v]acity ( portraiture4 ,x _c be reg>d$1 h[ev]1 ) c]ta9ty1 z a prelim9>y /udy = ! ,dresd5 picture = two reasons4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! sitt] appe>s to be sev]al ye>s old] ?an 9 t picture1 & al?\gh ! figure is seat$ & ! position ( ! body is mu* ! same1 ! poise ( ! head is diff]5t1 & ! face is turn$ m directly t[>ds ! spectator1 :ile ! h&s1 hold+ a %eet ( pap]1 re/ on a table or rail 9 front ( him2 & 9 ! second place1 x is practically a f9i%$ draw+1 & is p]haps an example ( ,holbe9's occasional practice ( prep>+ 8 portraits on pap] or p>*m5t1 :i* he aft]w>ds fa/5$ to ! panel be=e giv+ !m ! f9al t\*es4 ,he we>s a coat ( violet op5 9 front & %[+ ! :ite %irt1 & ov] x a black g[n trimm$ ) yell[ sable1 & a black cap ) a circul> badge1 ( :i* ! design is n indicat$4 ,! hair & eyebr[s are f9i%$ ) a hair p5cil4 ,! backgr\nd is a pla9 "o ( azure blue4 ,he has a ?9 face1 a l>ge & %>p nose1 & blue eyes1 ) a scanty gr[? ( be>d on 8 %av5 *94 ,he gazes at ! spectator ) a s]i\s1 ?\ghtful expression2 9 :i* ,woltmann saw some?+ puritanical1 no d\bt because ,godsalve1 z he notes1 pres5t$ ! ,k+ ) a ,new ,te/am5t z a ,new ,ye>'s gift 9 #aeci4gcc ,9 ! foll[+ ye> he gave a p]fum$ box4 ,blomefield#gcd m5tions ?is draw+ z be+ 9 8 "t 9 ! ,closet at ,k5s+ton ,palace4 ,!re is a m9iature ( ,godsalve 9 ! ,bodleian ,libr>y4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?omas ,,& ,,john ,,godsalve #aebh ,,royal ,,picture ,,gall]y1 ,,dresd5 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #he4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,john ,,godsalve ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks & wat]-col\r4 ,reproduc$ by graci\s p]mission ( ,h4,m4 ! ,k+4 ,w9dsor ,ca/le ,! fa!r1 ,?omas ,godsalve1 :o di$ 9 #aedb1 0 regi/r> ( ! consi/ory c\rt at ,norwi*1 & ! own] ( l&$ prop]ty 9 ,norfolk4 ,he 0 an intimate fri5d ( ,?omas ,cromwell4 ,9 a lett] to ! latt]1 dat$ ,norwi*1 ,novemb] #f1 #aeca1 aft] ?ank+ ,cromwell = k9dnesses %[n to 8 son1 he says3 8,i s5d y half a doz5 swans ( my wife's fe$+02#gce & a ye> or two lat] he s5ds 8six swans & a maund ) pe>s ( my own graft+40#gcf ,! son1 ,john ,godsalve1 :o di$ 9 #aeef1 became ,cl]k ( ! ,signet to ,h5ry ,,viii1 & 0 pres5t at ! siege ( ,b\logne4 ,he 0 knight$ at ! coronation ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 & a ye> or two lat] 0 made ,comptroll] ( ! ,m9t4 ,v>i\s lett]s f him are includ$ 9 ! ,cal5d>s ( ,/ate ,pap]s4 ,9 "o ( !m 7#aecc71 address$ to ,eu/ace1 cl]k ( ! works at ,hampton ,c\rt1 he appe>s 9 ! "* ( a 8snapp]-up ( unconsid]$ trifles40 8,s5d me10 he writes1 8z _m gold5 balls z y c conv5i5tly procure1 & su* fanes 7vanes87 & o!r ?+s at y\r pleasure4 ,help ! be>] into ! spic]y to h an antique :i* ,i left !re2 ( :i* he has ! key4 ,s5d me also ! head "u ! /air1 & :atsoev] o!r ?+s y\r g5tle he>t c lov+ly dep>t f40#gcg ,john ,godsalve _h "s connection ) ! ,/eely>d1 a numb] ( ^: m]*ants 7 pa9t$ by ,holbe91 = 9 ,novemb] #aecb1 he & "o ,william ,blak5hall receiv$ a grant 9 survivor%ip ( ! (fice ( common met] ( all clo?s ( gold & silv] tissue1 8tynsett10 sat91 damask1 & o!r clo?s & canvas ( ali5s & o!rs call$ 8=eyns10 alias 8le ,/illi>de10 9 ! city ( ,london1 ) ! usual fees1 c4#gch ,he also obta9$ a small %>e ( ! plund] f ! mona/]ies1 &1 9 ,july #aecd1 an annuity ( #h 8to him & 8 heirs = ev] out ( ! issues ( ! manor ( ,/okesly1 9 ,rydham1 ,norfolk1 9 ! ,k+'s h&s by ! atta9d] ( ,?omas1 c>d9al ( ,york40#gci ,9 #aece he receiv$ ! (fices ( ,con/able & ,keep] ( ! ,ca/le & ,gaol ( ,norwi*1 succe$+ ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat & ,sir ,?omas ,boleyn 9 ! po/s4#gdj ,! portrait ( ,niklaus ,kratz]1#gda ( ,muni*1 ,h5ry's ,g]man a/ronom]1 9 ! ,l\vre 7,pl4 #hf71 is a half-l5g? figure plac$ beh9d a table1 :i* is cov]$ ) ! in/rum5ts ( 8 pr(ession4 ,he we>s ! usual flat black cap1 & a black coat or d\blet op5 at ! neck1 %[+ a glimpse ( a r$ "u-g>m5t & :ite %irt1 & ov] all ! prevail+ d>k ov]coat or g[n ) fur coll>4 ,9 8 "r h& he holds a pair ( compasses or divid]s1 & 9 8 left a decagonal sundial1 l ! "o %[n 9 ! 8,ambassadors0 picture4 ,beh9d him on ! "r v>i\s ma!matical & a/ronomical in/rum5ts are hang+ on ! wall1 & o!rs1 includ+ a cyl9drical sundial & an a/rolabe1 are plac$ on a %elf on ! left4 ,among ! num]\s objects on ! table are scales & rul]s1 scissors1 & 8 seal1 toge!r ) a %eet ( pap] ) a ,lat9 inscription giv+ 8 "n1 8 age1 =ty-"o1 & ! date #aebh4 ,"p ( ?is inscription is confus$ & injur$1 & ,holbe9's ,lat9 0 n ( ! be/4 ,! ,l\vre catalogue gives ! read+ z3 8,imago ad vivam effigiem expressa ,nicolai ,kratz]i monac5ssis q4 7qui7 bau>g4 7bav>us7 erat quadragessim 444 ann tpre 7tempore7 ilio gplebat 7complebat7 #aebh40 ,! illegible ^w aft] 8quadragessim0 is giv5 z 8primo0 9 ! replica m5tion$ bel[4 ,! light falls f ! "r on 8 face1 :i*1 ?\gh r heavy 9 features1 is an int]e/+ "o1 ) an indication ( hum\r ab\t ! eyes & m\?1 :i* is 9 accord ) a contempor>y description ( him 9 "o ( ! lett]s ( ,nicolas ,b\rbon1 ! poet1 ano!r ( ,holbe9's fri5ds4 ,! num]\s in/rum5ts & accessories are depict$ ) all ! tru? & lov+ c>e 9 :i* ,holbe9 delight$4 ,c>el van ,m&]1 :o saw ! picture 9 ,london :5 9 ! possession ( ,&ries de ,loo1 & speaks ( x z 8e5 fe] go$t ,cont]feytsel en mee/]lijck gh$an10 calls p>ticul> att5tion to ! beauty ) :i* ! in/rum5ts are del9eat$4 ,kratz] 0 ! h]o ( ! /ory told by ! same writ]4 ,:5 ask$ by ,k+ ,h5ry :y he spoke ,engli% s badly1 he repli$1 8,p>don1 y\r ,maje/y1 b h[ c a man le>n ,engli% 9 ?irty ye>s80 ,little is kn[n ab\t ! hi/ory ( ! picture1 :i* has suff]$ some:at sev]ely f ! passage ( "t4 ,z not$1 x 0 once 9 ! possession ( ,de ,loo1 toge!r ) ! ,w>ham1 ! ,?omas ,cromwell1 "o ( ! v]sions ( ,erasmus1 & ! ,m family gr\p4#gdb ,accord+ to ,wornum1#gdc x 0 =m]ly at ,holl& ,h\se2#gdd & ,walpole /ates1 errone\sly1 t !re is a draw+ = x among ! ,w9dsor heads4#gde ,a replica or good contempor>y copy 0 l5t by ,visc\nt ,galway to ! ,tudor ,exhibition1 #ahij 7,no4 #abi71 9 :i* ! inscription & date tally ) ! ,l\vre example4 ,a m9iature ( ,kratz]1 9 ! late ,mr4 ,j4 ,pi]pont ,morgan's collection1 is describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hf4 ,illu/ration3 ,,niklaus ,,kratz] #aebh ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,kratz]1 born 9 ,muni*1 0 educat$ at ,cologne & ,wittemb]g4 ,he came to ,engl& z a "y man1 & 9 #aeag 0 admitt$ a fell[ ( ,fox's new ,college ( ,corpus ,*ri/i1 ,ox=d4 ,lat] on ,wolsey gave him ! po/ ( lectur] on a/ronomy & ma!matics at ,ox=d1 & ,h5ry ,,viii appo9t$ him 8 a/ronom]1 ) a sal>y ( #bj p] annum4 ,:ile at ,ox=d he design$ two sun-dials1 "o 9 ,corpus ,*ri/i g>d51 & ! o!r on a pill> 9 ,/4 ,m>y's ,*ur*1 ! latt] rema9+ 9 position until #agdd4 ,he di$ ab\t #aeej1 & _m ( 8 works fell into ! h&s ( ! notori\s ,dr4 ,lee4 ,albre*t ,dr]1 dur+ 8 visit to ! ,ne!rl&s 9 #aebj1 made a draw+ ( ,kratz]1 z well z "o ( ,erasmus4 ,he notes 9 8 di>y3 8,9 ,antw]p ,i took ! portrait ( ,ma/] ,nicolas1 an a/ronom]1 :o resides ) ! ,k+ 9 ,engl&2 he 0 v useful to me2 he is a ,g]man1 a native ( ,muni*40 ,sid5ote3 ,,niklaus ,,kratz] ,,& ,,holbe9 ,kratz] & ,holbe9 appe> to h become close acqua9tances1 z 0 only natural ) two m5 ( ! same nationality 9 a =eign c\ntry4 ,"o ( ! few contempor>y lett]s 9 :i* ! pa9t] is m5tion$ by "n is "o f ,kratz] to ,?omas ,cromwell1 ref]r$ to m p>ticul>ly 9 a lat] *apt]1#gdf 9 :i* ! a/ronom] ann\nces t he has s5t ! ,"l ,privy ,seal by ,holbe9's h&s a book j receiv$ f ,g]many4 ,l ! ,/eely>d m]*ants1 ,kratz] 0 9 ! habit ( s]v+ ! ,k+ z a =w>d] & translator ( lett]s & pap]s f abroad1 & 0 s5t on occasional j\rneys to ! ,cont95t on royal s]vice4 ,on "o ( ^! occasions1 9 ,octob] #aebj1 ,tun/all1 :o 0 9 ! ,ne!rl&s = political purposes1 wrote to ,h5ry ,,viii say+ t 9 ,antw]p he _h met 8,ni*olas ,cracz]1 an ,almayn1 devis] ( ! ,k+'s horologes1 :o said ! ,k+ _h giv5 him leave to be abs5t = a "t40 ,tun/all ask$ him to /ay till he _h asc]ta9$ if ! ,k+ w\ld all[ him to rema9 until ! coronation & ! assembly ( ! ,electors 7 ov]4 8,be+ born 9 ,high ,almayn1 & hav+ acqua9tance ( _m ( ! pr9ces1 he might be able to f9d out ! m9d ( ! ,electors t\*+ ! affairs ( ! ,empire40#gdg ,l ,holbe9 & "s ( ! o!r =eign]s 9 ,engl&1 ,kratz] 0 n av]se f an occasional comm]cial speculation4 ,?us1 9 ,octob] #aebg1 he receiv$ lic5ce to import f ,bordeaux & o!r p>ts ( ,france & ,brittany #cjj tons ( ,t\l\se woad & ,gascon w9e4#gdh ,8 "n1 spelt 9 a v>iety ( fa%ions1 frequ5tly appe>s 9 ! royal acc\nts1 b z a rule only 9 connection ) ! paym5t ( 8 qu>t]'s sal>y4 ,on ,april #bi1 #aeca1 h[ev]1 !re is an entry3 8,to ,ni*olas ! ,a/ronom] = m5d+ ( a clock1 #fs40#gdi ,"s ( ! ma!matical & a/ronomical in/rum5ts 9 ! 8,ambassadors0 picture may possibly h be5 ( ,kratz]'s mak+4 ,sev]al undat$ portraits may be ascrib$ to ?is p]iod ) "s c]ta9ty2 & "s o!rs ) p]haps less confid5ce4 ,z a g5]al rule1 ?\gh x is n )\t exceptions1 ,holbe9's portraits ( 8 fir/ ,engli% p]iod may be di/+ui%$ f ^? ( 8 second by ! fa%ion 9 :i* ! sitt]s we> _! hair4 ,9 #aebf-h ! prevail+ cu/om 9 ,engl& 0 to we> x cropp$ /raight across ! =ehead1 :ile x 0 all[$ to hang d[n l[] ?an ! e>s all r\nd ! re/ ( ! head1 ! face be+ clean %av54 ,a v di/9ct *ange ( fa%ion took place 9 ! spr+ ( #aece1 :5 ,h5ry ,,viii began to gr[ a be>d1 & ord]$ 8 own h\sehold to cut _! hair4 ,/[1 9 8 ,annales1#gej says3 8,! #h? ( ,may ! ,k+ comm&$ all ab\t 8 c\rt to poll _! heads1 & to give !m example1 he caus$ 8 own head to bee poll$1 & f !nce=? 8 be>d to bee nott$ & no m %av540 ,?is m>k$ *ange 9 ! dress+ ( ! hair 01 ( c\rse1 n foll[$ by ev]yone1 b x became s g5]al t x is ( great assi/ance 9 help+ to give approximate dates to a numb] ( pictures & draw+s4 ,( ! two1 ! cut ( ! hair is a bett] indication ( date ?an ! be>d or m\/a*e1 :i* 7 worn m at pleasure4 ,occasionally long hair is f\nd 9 conjunction ) ! be>d1 & 9 o!r cases "s m5 rema9$ fai?ful to ! e>li] fa%ion4 ,?us ,sir ,ri*>d ,s\?well 7#aecf7 & ! ,duke ( ,norfolk 7#aedj7 are examples ( long hair & a %av5 face aft] #aece4 ,"s ( ! ,g]man m]*ants resid5t 9 ,london con=m$ to ! ,engli% fa%ion1 b c]ta9 ( !m w be f\nd ) be>ds be=e #aece1 :ile o!rs aga91 pa9t$ sev]al ye>s lat]1 are clean %av54 ,x mu/ n be =gott51 h[ev]1 t ,holbe9 _h return$ to ,engl& ne>ly ?ree ye>s be=e ! ,k+'s edict ( #aece1 s t c]ta9 portraits :i* h be5 usually ascrib$ to 8 fir/ ,engli% p]iod on acc\nt ( ! cut ( ! sitt]'s hair1 may v possibly h be5 pa9t$ five or six ye>s lat]4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,bryan ,,tuke ,! portrait ( ,sir ,bryan ,tuke1 ( :i* sev]al v]sions exi/1 ! be/ kn[n be+ ! "o 9 ! ,muni* ,gall]y 7,pl4 #hg71gea is ascrib$ by "s writ]s to ,holbe9's lat] ,engli% p]iod1 ?\gh ! %av5 face & ! way 9 :i* ! hair is worn indicate ! e>li] date ( ! fir/ ,london visit4 ,?is te/ is n1 ( c\rse1 infallible1 b x seems probable1 nev]!less1 t ,tuke 0 pa9t$ 9 #aebg or #aebh4 ,! date ( 8 bir? is n kn[n1 b he receiv$ 8 fir/ public appo9tm5t1 z k+'s bailiff at ,s&wi*1 9 #aejh1 & became ,cl]k to ! ,signet 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,on m ?an "o ( ! replicas ( ! portrait 8 age is giv5 z fifty-sev54 ,tuke 0 a s*ol>1 & "o ( ! ,m circle1 secret>y to ,c>d9al ,wolsey1 & ,fr5* secret>y to ,h5ry ,,viii1 & z ,treasur] ( ! ,h\sehold 0 responsible = ! paym5ts to ,holbe9 = 8 %>e 9 ! "w ( ! ,gre5wi* ,banquet+ ,h\se1 &1 lat] on1 ( 8 sal>y4 ,he 0 also ,cl]k ( ! ,p>liam5t & ,ma/] ( ! ,po/s4 ,he is repres5t$ 9 ! ,muni* v]sion at half-l5g?1 ?ree-qu>t]s to ! left1 ) clean-%av5 face & long hair1 we>+ a black cap ) e>-pieces1 a g[n ( black silk1 l9$ ) br[n fur1 & a fur coll>1 ov] a black d\blet also fur-l9$ & fa/5$ ) a gold button1 & sleeves ( f9e *equ]$ black & gold /uff4 ,a gold jewell$ cross1 on :i* ! pi]c$ h&s & feet ( ,*ri/ are repres5t$ 9 enamel1 is susp5d$ r\nd 8 neck by a gold *a94 ,) ! =ef+] ( 8 left h&1 :i* holds 8 gloves1 he indicates a pap] 9 front ( him1 inscrib$ 8,,nvnqvid ,,non ,,pavcitas ,,di]vm ,,meorvm ,,f9ietvr ,,brevi10 &1 9 small] lett]s1 8,,job cap4 #aj40 ,an h\r-glass re/s on ! table beh9d ! pap]1 9 front ( 8 "r h&4 ,9 ! backgr\nd ! figure ( ,dea? is se5 aga9/ a gre5 curta91 hold+ 8 scy! 9 8 left h& & ) ! fir/ f+] ( ! "r po9t+ to ! h\r-glass4 ,x is sign$ 8,,io4 ,,holpa90 9 ! old ,augsburg or?ography4 ,f ov]clean+ & o!r causes ! h&s & face h lo/ mu* ( ! delicacy ( _! modell+1 & ! fle% t9ts rema9 unpleasantly r$1 & ! face has a h>dness & %>pness :i*1 no d\bt1 x did n orig9ally possess4 ,mr4 ,wornum1 :o1 h[ev]1 only saw ! picture :5 x 0 hung too high = prop] exam9ation1 consid]$ x to be 8pa9t$ 9 ! ta/e & mann] ( ,von ,melem40 8,?is picture10 he says1 8is n a bad "o1 b ! signature is suspici\s1 z t ( our pa9t]2 & ! /yle does n proclaim x to be ! "w ( ,holbe940#geb ,woltmann1 on ! o!r h&1 says t x 8decl>es itself z /rik+ly z possible to be ! "w ( ,holbe91 & x is "o ( ! two g5u9e pa9t+s among ! eight portraits ascrib$ to him 9 ! ,p9ako!k10 & adds t ?\gh s greatly damag$1 8yet /ill f its tru? & lifelike feel+1 z well z f its ma/]ly execution1 x is an excell5t portrait40 ,! picture1 h[ev]1 is n[ reg>d$ m]ely z a good work%op replica ( ! orig9al pa9t+1 & is s describ$ 9 ! late/ edition ( ! ,muni* catalogue4 ,x appe>s to h be5 9 ! ,wittelsba* ,collection 9 #aeig1 & 9 ! description ( x 9 ! inv5tory ( t date1 ! figure ( ,dea? is n m5tion$1 & 0 probably add$ lat]4#gec ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,bryan ,,tuke ,,alte ,,p9ako!k1 ,,muni* ,! be/ v]sion ( ?is picture is ! "o :i* at "o "t 0 9 ! possession ( ! ,me?u5 family at ,cor%am ,c\rt1 ,wilts1 & aft]w>ds belong$ to ,mr4 ,r4 ,s&]son1 at ^: sale at ,*ri/ie's 9 #ahdh x 0 pur*as$ = ! ,m>quis ( ,we/m9/]4#ged ,x 0 bequea!d by ! ,m>*ioness ( ,we/m9/] to h] daught]1 ,lady ,!odora ,gue/1 & n[ belongs to ! latt]'s daught]1 ,miss ,gue/1 ( ,inwood4 ,x 0 9 ! ,national ,portrait ,exhibition1 #ahfh 7,no4 #fbe71 9 ! ,royal ,academy ,w9t] ,exhibition1 #ahhj 7,no4 #ahh71 & 9 ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhibition1 #aiji 7,no4 #dc71 l5t by ,miss ,gue/4#gee ,?is v]sion is almo/ id5tical ) ! "o 9 ,muni*1 b ! skeleton & h\r-glass are miss+1 & on ! gre5-br[n backgr\nd is inscrib$ 8,,brianvs ,,tvke1 ,,miles4 ,,an,o ,,etatis ,,sv ,,lvii10 ) 8 motto1 8,droit et ,avant10 bel[4 ,x is 9 all ways a f9] "w ?an ! ,muni* example1 & und\bt$ly by ,holbe91 &1 9 all probability1 ! orig9al ^u :i* all ! o!rs 7 bas$4 ,at lea/ ?ree o!r v]sions exi/1 all )\t ! skeleton4 ,"o ( !m1 on canvas1 0 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,william ,m4 ,tuke1 ( ,saffron ,wald51 9 #ahfi1 :o pur*as$ x 9 ,york%ire 9 #ahde1 x hav+ be5 =m]ly 9 ! collection ( a ,mr4 ,w9/anley4 ,ano!r is1 or 01 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,john ,leslie ,toke ( ,god+ton ,p>k1 ,k5t1 :i* is said to h be5 9 expression & features m ( ! type ( ,sir ,?omas ,m2 :ile a ?ird belong$1 9 #ahgj1 to ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,haig4#gef ,"o or o!r ( ^! v]sions 0 own$ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury by ,"l ,lisle1 son ( ! ,e>l ( ,leice/]1 z not$ by ,evelyn 9 8 ,di>y "u ! date #bg? ,augu/ #afgh4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,reskim] ,! portrait ( ! ,corni%man1 ,reskim]1#geg at ,hampton ,c\rt1 has be5 ascrib$ by mo/ critics to ,holbe9's fir/ ,engli% p]iod1 & s is includ$ 9 ?is *apt]1 al?\gh ! exceptionally long be>d1 :i* rea*es almo/ to 8 wai/1 & ! hair1 :i*1 ?\gh n poll$1 is %ort en\gh to %[ ! e>s1 w\ld indicate a date aft] #aece4 ,x has suff]$ some:at 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 b 9 its te*nique x resembles ,holbe9's "w at ! beg9n+ ( 8 second ,engli% p]iod1 & s 0 probably pa9t$ at ab\t t "t4 ,!re is a f9e draw+ = x 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection1#geh :i* is inscrib$1 8,reskeme] a ,corni% ,g5t410 9 :i* ! hair & be>d are c>efully wr\ght4 ,?is /udy appe>s to be among ! e>li] draw+s 9 ! collection4 8,! portrait10 says ,mr4 ,law1 8repres5ts a y\ngi% man1 n m ?an tw5ty-eight1 we %\ld say1 se5 9 a ne>ly complete pr(ile1 turn$ to ! left1 ! light com+ 9 f ! "r4 ,he is dress$ 9 a pla91 d>k-col\r$ coat or mantle2 ) ! small :ite coll> ( 8 %irt %[+1 ! two /r+s ( :i* hang d[n unti$4 ,8 two h&s1 :i* are drawn & pa9t$ ) all ,holbe9's /r5g? & precision1 are bo? se51 ! knuckles ( ! left be+ turn$ frontw>ds to ! spectator1 & ! palm ( ! "r upw>ds1 ) ! f+]s j t\*+ ! end ( 8 be>d4 ,he we>s a flat black cap slantwise ov] ! "r side ( 8 head4 ,8 hair is r$1 z is also 8 long peak$ be>d4 ,! backgr\nd is a blui% gre51 ) a sprig ( v9e40 ,"s su* bran* ( v9e or fig frequ5tly appe>s 9 ! backgr\nds ( ,holbe9's e>li] portraits4 ,x is on wood1 or1 possibly1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,wornum1#gei on pap] or p>*m5t atta*$ to oak1 #a ft4 #f 94 high by #a ft4 #a 94 wide4 ,! br& ( ,*>les ,i--8,c4,r40 cr[n$--is on ! back ( ! panel4 ,no?+ ( its hi/ory is kn[n1 except t x 0 9 ,*>les ,i's collection1 & is describ$ 9 8 catalogue1 page #h1 z foll[s3 8,a side-fac$ g5tleman out ( ,cornwall1 9 8 black cap1 pa9t$ ) a long peak$ be>d1 hold+ bo? 8 h&s be=e him2 "s p>ts ( a l&skip4 ,be+ less ?an life1 ^u a defac$ crack$ bo>d1 pa9t$ ^u ! wrong light4 ,done by ,holbe91 giv5 to ! ,k+ by ! deceas$ ,sir ,rob4 ,killigrew1 ,vice-,*amb]la9 to ! ,que5's ,maje/y40 ,mr4 ,law sugge/s1 no d\bt correctly1 t x 0 said to be 8a g5tleman out ( ,cornwall0 9 ! catalogue on ! au?ority ( ! inscription on ! ,w9dsor draw+4 ,! "n is spelt 9 _m ways 9 ! records--,reskeme]1 ,reskime>1 ,rekym>1 ,re%em]1 ,reskemyr1 ,reskim]1 & s on4 ,! portrait is usually consid]$ to repres5t ,john ,reskim]1 ( ,m>?yn or ,mur?yn1 ?\gh !re is no au?ority = ?is except ! fact t a ,john ,reskim] 0 liv+ at ab\t ?is "t4 ,among ! v>i\s ref]5ces to m5 ( ?is family 9 ! ,/ate ,pap]s1 ,reskim]s ( m ?an "o ,*ri/ian "n appe>4 ,a ,mr4 ,reskem> is m5tion$ 9 #aebg z belong+ to ,wolsey's h\sehold1 & 9 #aecb ! "n ( ,john ,reskym]1 son & heir ( ,john ,reskym]1 occurs 9 connection ) a grant ( l& 9 ,cornwall4#gfj ,! ,john ,reskeme] or ,reskim] ^: portrait ?is is said to be 0 ! son ( ,william ,reskeme]1 f\rte5? 9 desc5t f ! fir/ ( t "n :o settl$ 9 ,cornwall1 & ,elizabe?1 daught] ( ,sir ,john ,arundel ( ,telv]ne4 ,by 8 wife ,ca!r9e1 daught] ( ,john ,tre?urff1 he _h sev]al *ildr51 8 son ,william succe$+ him2#gfa ?\gh1 accord+ to a p5cil note 9 ! copy 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ( ,john ,*amb]la9e's 8,imitations ( ,holbe9's ,draw+s10 he m>ri$ ,jane1 "o ( ! daught]s ( ,rob]t1 natural son ( ,h5ry1 ,"l ,holl&1 ! la/ ,duke ( ,exet]4 ,he 0 ,high ,%]iff ( ,cornwall 9 #aeeg1 & 8 seat1 ,m>?yn1 0 "o ( ! eight p>ks 9 t c\nty 9 #afjb4 ,!re is a f9e portrait 9 ! ,prado1 ,madrid1 repres5t+ an eld]ly ,engli%man ( extremely pla9 features & ) an exceptionally l>ge nose1#gfb :i* ,woltmann1 :o fir/ drew att5tion to x1 reg>d$ z a g5u9e "w ( ,holbe9's fir/ ,engli% p]iod4 ,8 clean-%av5 face ) its _m heavy wr9kles is ( a v ruddy br[n col\r4 ,8 small black cap has long e>-pieces1 & he we>s ! cu/om>y d>k cloak or ov]coat1 ) a coll> ( black embroid]$ or wat]$ silk1 op5 at ! top1 & loop$ toge!r ) a cord1 %[+ ! :ite %irt bel[1 cut /raight )\t a coll> ( any k9d4 ,x is a half-l5g?1 almo/ full face1 ! head & eyes turn$ slightly to ! left4 ,he holds a roll$-up pap] 9 8 left h&4 ,x be>s ! /amp ( tru? 9 e l9e ( ! rugg$ c\nt5ance4 ,mod]n criticism1 h[ev]1 refuses to accept x z a "w f ,holbe9's bru%4 ,dr4 ,bode & o!r ,g]man writ]s consid] x to be by ! ,ma/] ( ! 8,dea? ( ,m>y40 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,wyat ,a small portrait ( und\bt$ g5u95ess1 al?\gh badly ov]-pa9t$1 & belong+ to ! fir/ ,engli% p]iod1 is ! lik5ess ( ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat 9 ! ,l\vre 7,pl4 #hh71gfc :i* = _m ye>s 0 kn[n z a portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,m4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/1#gfd ?is panel is 9 all probability ! same z ! portrait ( 8,cavagli] ,wyat10 pa9t$ 9 #aebg1 by ,holbe91 :i* 0 9 ! possession ( ,?omas ,h[>d1 ,e>l ( ,arundel1 & among ^? pictures :i*1 aft] 8 wid['s dea? at ,am/]dam 9 #afed1 7 dispos$ ( by h] son1 ,visc\nt ,/af=d1 to ,m4 ,jaba* ( ,cologne1 f :om !y 7 pur*as$ by ,colb]t = ! collection ( ,l\is ,,xiv1 & s came into ! ,l\vre4 ,sev]al copies ( x exi/4 ,!re is an excell5t replica 9 ! ,national ,gall]y ( ,irel&#gfe 7,no4 #cgj71 :i* 0 acquir$ at ! sale ( ! ,magniac ,collection 9 #ahib2 :ile a copy ( x belongs to ,con/ance1 ,c\ntess ( ,romney1 ) :i* goes a picture ( ,wyat's fam\s cat1 :i* picture1 accord+ to ,sir ,m>t9 ,conway1#gff may likewise repres5t an orig9al by ,holbe94 ,a some:at lat]1 probably sev5te5?-c5tury1 picture belong+ to ,lady ,romney1 is made up out ( a comb9ation ( ! two--ma/] & cat--) a backgr\nd ( prison wall & w9d[4 ,9 ! ,l\vre picture ,sir ,h5ry is repres5t$ at half-l5g?1 slightly turn$ to ! "r1 we>+ a black skull-cap ov] 8 long hair1 & ! cu/om>y ov]coat ) deep fur coll>1 & gre5 "u-sleeves2 f 8 %\ld]s hangs a l>ge heavy gold *a91 to :i* a gold cross is atta*$1 :i* he grasps ) 8 "r h&1 & holds a fold$ pap] 9 8 left4 ,he is clean-%av51 & has a l>ge r\nd$ nose4 ,! wr9kl$ face1 ! small tremul\s m\?1 & ! tir$ eyes ) ! sadness ( _! expression1 produce a v lifelike effect ( old age4 ,! *a9 is put on ) real gold1 9 a way :i* ,holbe9 practis$ f "t to "t 9 ,engl&4 ,al?\gh x has suff]$ sev]ely1 x seems to be an und\bt$ example ( ! fir/ ,engli% p]iod4 ,x is ab\t #ae 94 high by #ab 94 wide4 ,woltmann saw a copy ( x 9 ,london 9 ! ,rob9son ,collection1 probably ! "o n[ 9 ,dubl91 & he speaks bo? ( x & ( ! "o belong+ to ,lady ,romney z ( high arti/ic m]it4#gfg ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat1 ( ,all+ton ,ca/le1 ,k5t1 :o _h s]v$ ,h5ry ,,vii1 0 appo9t$ z a memb] ( ! ,privy ,c\ncil by ,h5ry ,,viii on 8 accession to ! ?rone4 ,he di$ 9 #aecg4 ,holbe9 probably became acqua9t$ ) him :5 at "w on ! ,gre5wi* ,banquet+ ,h\se4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,h5ry ,,wyat ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #hi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sir ,,?omas ,,elyot ,draw+ 9 black & col\r$ *alks ,,w9dsor ,,ca/le ,sid5ote3 ,,8 ,,e>li] ,,engli% ,,portraits ,9 addition to ^! undat$ portraits1 !re are sev]al /udies = pa9t+s n[ lo/ :i* x is ! cu/om1 bo? f ! /yle ( draw+ & ! fa%ion ( hair & dress1 to attribute to ?is e>li] p]iod4 ,! truly magnific5t head ( an unkn[n man at ,*atswor?1 & ! almo/ equally f9e draw+ ( ,sir ,?omas ,elyot 7,pl4 #hi71gfh au?or ( ! 8,boke call$ ! ,gov]n\r10 & fri5d ( ,m1 & t ( 8 wife1 ,lady ,elyot1#gfi among ! ,w9dsor heads1 h ?us be5 ascrib$ to #aebg-h2 b 9 ^! ?ree cases ! draughtsman%ip is s extraord9>ily true & delicate1 & at ! same "t s /rong & s full ( "* 9 e t\*1 t "o is incl9$ to place !m "s six or sev5 ye>s lat] z "w ( ! fir/ ye>s ( ,holbe9's second ,engli% p]iod4 ,! ,*atswor? draw+#ggj is outl9$ 9 black ) ! po9t ( ! bru% on fle%-col\r$ pap]1 ) a spot ( r$ "h & !re4 8,x w\ld be useless to dilate ^u ! qualities ( ?is ma/]piece10 says ,mr4 ,s4 ,ar?ur ,/rong1 89 :i* ,holbe9 seems to t\* ! highe/ po9t atta9able by human faculty )9 ! *os5 limits4 ,by ! side ( su* "w z ?is1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci himself w\ld appe> conv5tional1 almo/ effem9ate40#gga ,?is praise is by no means excessive1 z ! draw+ is wond]ful 9 its tru?1 its comb9ation ( delicacy & /r5g?1 & its beauty4 ,!re is a second head ( an unkn[n man by ,holbe9 at ,*atswor?1#ggb ( a lat] date1 & 9 no ways z f9e z ! e>li] "o4 ,x is 9 black *alk ) a wa% ( r$1 & x has be5 da%$ 9 ) rapid1 vigor\s /rokes1 ?\gh ) little ( ! subtlety ( ! fir/4 ,) ! exception ( sev]al d\btful examples1 su* z ! ,dr4 ,john ,/okesley1 ,bi%op ( ,london1#ggc 9 ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 :i*1 ?\gh a "w ( high quality1 has *>act]i/ic features 9 ! pa9t+ :i* preclude its attribution to ,holbe91 ! above-m5tion$ pictures con/itute ! tale ( ! pa9t]'s a*ievem5t 9 ,engl& dur+ 8 fir/ visit1 :i* la/$ only "s tw5ty mon?s or s4 ,dur+ t "t1 h[ev]1 he n only sp5t a c\ple ( mon?s or m ov] ! decoration ( ! ,gre5wi* ,banquet+ ,h\se1 & made num]\s /udies = ! big ,m ,family ,gr\p1 & c>ri$ t picture itself "s way t[>ds completion1 b also pa9t$ portraits ( ,sir ,?omas & ,lady ,m1 ,ar*bi%op ,w>ham1 ,sir ,h5ry & ,lady ,gulde=d1 ,?omas & ,john ,godsalve1 ,niklaus ,kratz]1 ,sir ,h5ry ,wyat1 & ,sir ,bryan ,tuke1 s t 8 output 0 a consid]able "o4 ,9 addition to ^!1 !re is ! portrait ( ,reskim]1 & possibly o!rs ( ,m>g>et ,rop]1 ,sir ,?omas & ,lady ,elyot1 & ,sir ,ni*olas ,c>ew1#ggd :ile x is almo/ c]ta9 t he also pa9t$ "o ( ,bi%op ,fi%]1 al?\gh ! draw+ = x is n[ ! only record :i* rema9s4 ,?is li/1 :i* includes f\rte5 or m portraits1 %[s t ,holbe91 9 spite ( lack ( (ficial recognition f ! ,k+1 receiv$ suffici5t patronage f ! ,m circle & ! ,c\rt to keep him v busily & remun]atively occupi$4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,! ,,return ,,to ,,basel 7#aebh-aecb7 ,return to ,basel & pur*ase ( a h\se--,iconocla/ic outbreaks 9 t city--,de/ruction ( sacr$ pa9t+s & sculptures--,lack ( "w1 & dea? or abs5ce ( old patrons--,portrait ( 8 wife & *ildr5--,8 relation%ips ) 8 wife--,completion ( ! wall-pa9t+s 9 ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] ( ! ,t[n ,hall--8,rehoboam rebuk+ ! ,eld]s0--8,meet+ ( ,samuel & ,saul0--,portrait ( ,erasmus pa9t$ 9 ,freiburg--,book illu/rations--,repa9t+ ! faces ( ! clock on ! ,rh9e ,gate--,holbe9's return to ,engl&4 ,,until ! discov]y 9 #ahgj1 by ,dr4 d\>d ,8-,heusl]1#gge t ,holbe9 pur*as$ a h\se 9 ,basel 9 ,augu/ #aebh1 x 0 g5]ally suppos$ t ! pa9t] rema9$ 9 ,engl& until ! spr+ or summ] ( #aebi4 ,9 ,septemb] ( ! latt] ye> ,erasmus wrote lett]s to ,sir ,?omas ,m & ,m>g>et ,rop] ?ank+ !m v he>tily = ! draw+ ( ! family picture :i* ,holbe9 _h br\ght to him4 ,?is 0 ! /udy n[ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,erasmus 0 !n liv+ 9 ,freiburg1 & x 0 suppos$ t ! pa9t] halt$ !re on 8 way home on purpose to deliv] ?is sket* & lett]s :i* he 0 be>+ f ,*elsea4 ,?is supposition has n[ to be ab&on$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,holbe9',s ,,pur*ase ,,( ,,two ,,h\ses ,!re is no d\bt t ,holbe9 _h receiv$ a two ye>s' leave ( abs5ce f ! ,basel ,t[n ,c\ncil1 & t 8 only reason = leav+ ,engl&1 :]e he 0 busily & lucratively occupi$1 0 ! fact t he 0 b\nd by ! laws ( 8 adopt$ city to return )9 ! /ipulat$ p]iod1 or o!rwise to run ! risk ( =feit+ 8 rights ( citiz5%ip1 & incurr+ o!r puni%m5t1 9 addition to possible tr\ble ) 8 own p>ticul> guild4 ,by an ord] ( ! ,c\ncil dat$ #aeba1 no "o subject to ! jurisdiction ( ,basel 0 all[$ to take s]vice )1 or receive p5sion money f1 any =eign pr9ce or community2 & ?is law may h be5 "o ( ! reasons :y ,holbe9 did n ent] into ,h5ry ,,viii's s]vice at ?is "t1 z x w\ld be necess>y be=e do+ s to obta9 ! ,c\ncil's special p]mission1 z he did lat] on 9 8 c>e]4 ,holbe9's pur*ase ( a h\se 9 ,basel 0 made on ,augu/ #bi1 #aebh1 exactly two ye>s aft] ! date ( ,erasmus' lett] to gidius1 giv5 to ! pa9t] on ! eve ( 8 dep>ture = ,engl&4 ,! record ( ! sale is to be f\nd 9 ! 8,f]tigungsbu*10 & f ! entry x appe>s t bo? ,holbe9 & 8 wife 7 pres5t 9 p]son at ! completion ( ! transaction4 ,x 0 b\ght f ! clo?weav] ,eu*>ius ,rieh]1 & ! price 0 #cjj guld5 or flor9s1 :i* %[s t ,holbe9 _h br\ght home money 9 8 purse1 ?\gh only "o-?ird ( ! pur*ase price 0 paid1 & ! rema9d] secur$ by a mortgage4 ,x 0 a two-/orey$ h\se1 ov]look+ ! ,rh9e1 9 ! ,/4 ,johann ,vor/adt1 next door to ,frob5's book/ore1 & its site is n[ occupi$ by ,no4 #bb4 ,)9 liv+ memory x 0 /ill /&+1 outw>dly v little *ang$ s9ce ! days 9 :i* ,holbe9 & 8 family liv$ 9 x2 z also ! small] cottage next door1 :i* ! pa9t] pur*as$ "s ye>s lat]1 on ! #bh? ,m>* #aeca1 = #gj guld51 f ! fi%]man ,uly von ,ryna*1 on "p ( ! site ( :i* a factory has s9ce be5 erect$4 ,sid5ote3 ,,erasmus ,,& ,,m ,,family ,,gr\p ,"h ,holbe9 settl$ d[n to "w aga91 b1 if "o may judge f ! few examples ( 8 bru% :i* c be ascrib$ to ?is p]iod1 he mu/ h f\nd ,basel a f> less pr(itable field = 8 lab\rs ?an ,engl&4 ,dur+ 8 abs5ce ,switz]l& _h fall5 on evil days4 ,at ab\t ! date ( 8 return ! religi\s diff]5ces _h rea*$ _! climax1 & 9 ,basel viol5t outbreaks ( ho/ilities 7 tak+ place4 ,at ,ea/]1 #aebh1 ! ,c\ncil _h be5 oblig$ to give way to ! ext5t ( all[+ div9e wor%ip accord+ to ! ,re=m$ ritual 9 "s ( ! *ur*es1 & p]mitt+ ! removal ( all sacr$ pictures f _! walls4 ,! ,c\ncil1 inde$1 did _! be/ to prev5t s$ition4 ,_! recomm5dation t 8no man %\ld call ano!r papi/ or lu!ran1 h]etic1 adh]5t ( ! new fai? or ! old1 b ea* %\ld be left unh>ass$ & unscorn$ 9 8 own belief10 fell on unhe$+ e>s4#ggf ,su* prud5t advice 0 ill-suit$ to ! passions :i* _h be5 ar\s$4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> all ! ,ca?olic memb]s ( ! ,c\ncil 7 =cibly remov$ by a mob ( arm$ citiz5s1 & ?is action 0 foll[$ by a numb] ( excesses4 ,on ,%rove ,tuesday1 #aebi1 a furi\s outbur/ ( iconoclasm occurr$4 ,! ,ca!dral 0 attack$ by a cr[d ( "s hundr$s ( re=m]s1 :o broke op5 ! doors1 & pull$ d[n & da%$ to pieces all ! pictures & alt>s4 ,! ,c\ncil issu$ ord]s & edicts :i* 7 p[]less to /ay ! fanaticism ( ! riot]s1 :o visit$ 9 turn ! o!r *ur*es & mona/]ies 9 ! city1 de/roy+ ev]y?+ t 0 n ha/ily hidd5 f !m4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ,a% ,w$nesday1 ! de/ruction cont9u$4 ,f\r hundr$ m51 head$ by ! public execution]1 paid a second visit to ! ,ca!dral1 broke up ev]y?+ t /ill rema9$1 & ( ! fragm5ts made five l>ge bonfires4 ,pictures & wood5 images 7 burnt1 wall-pa9t+s 7 :itewa%$ ov]2 & h[ev] beautiful su* works ( art might be1 _! m]its 7 insuffici5t to save !m4 ,! re=m]s' he>ts 7 hot aga9/ :at !y consid]$ ! gross idolatry ( _! oppon5ts1 & no?+ 0 sp>$ f ! fire ^u :i* !y c\ld lay _! furi\s h&s4 ,"h & !re a picture or relic 0 sav$1 among !m at lea/ "o "w ( ,holbe9's1 ! e>ly 8,la/ ,supp]10 already describ$1 ?\gh x appe>s to h be5 badly damag$ at ! "t1 & re/or$ lat] on4#ggg ,no d\bt m ?an "o ( 8 pictures p]i%$1 toge!r ) o!rs by su* ,basel pa9t]s z ,urs ,graf1 ,niklaus ,manuel ,deuts*1 & ,hans ,h]b/]4 ,8 beautiful %utt]s = ! ,ca!dral organ happily escap$2 x may be t !y 7 hung too high to be easily rea*$1 & 7 ?us protect$ f ! fir/ outbreak1 & aft]w>ds1 :5 ! edict 0 issu$ =bidd+ all sacr$ pictures 9 ! *ur*es1 !y w\ld be all[$ to rema9 on ! walls "u ! ord] :i* p]mitt$ ! use ( all pa9t+s ( a "* to :i* no adoration c\ld be %[n4#ggh ,erasmus1 9 a lett] to ,pirkheim]1 gives a graphic description ( :at took place on ^! two days ( fanatical de/ruction4 8,!re 0 no "o10 he says1 8:o did n fe> = himself1 :5 ^! dregs ( ! p cov]$ ! :ole m>ket-place ) arms & cannons4 ,su* a mock]y 0 made ( ! images ( ! sa9ts1 & ev5 ( ! ,crucifixion1 t "o w\ld h ?\ght t "s miracle mu/ h happ5$4 ,no?+ 0 left ( ! sculptures1 ei!r 9 ! *ur*es or 9 ! cloi/]s1 9 ! portals or 9 ! mona/]ies4 ,:atev] pa9t$ pictures rema9$ 7 daub$ ov] ) :itewa%1 :atev] 0 inflammable 0 ?r[n ^u ! pile1 :atev] 0 n 0 brok5 to pieces4 ,nei!r pecuni>y nor arti/ic value c\ld save any?+40 ,?is tumultu\s /ate ( affairs prov$ too mu* = ,erasmus1 :o _h a dete/ation ( all =ms ( viol5ce1 & only wi%$ = peaceful surr\nd+s 9 :i* to pursue 8 "w4 ,m ?an "o ( 8 noble patrons1 f :om he receiv$ p5sions1 object$ to 8 cont9u$ resid5ce 9 a city 9 :i* ! ,prote/ant p>ty 7 dom9ant4 ,he _h1 too1 "s fe> = 8 own life2 = ?\gh he 0 an adh]5t ( nei!r side1 8 op9ions 7 n popul> ) ! re=m]s4 ,s he n[ turn$ 8 back ^u ! city :i* he _h made 8 p]man5t home s9ce #aeba1 & 9 :i*1 old & sickly z he 01 he _h hop$ to end 8 days1 & remov$ to ! neighb\r+ city ( ,freiburg1 :]e ! ,ca?olic p>ty 7 9 ! asc5dancy4 ,?i!r ,bonifacius ,am]ba* accompani$ him1 & rema9$ ) him = "s "t4 ,z ,holbe9 f\nd ,erasmus /ill 9 ,basel :5 he return$ !re 9 ,augu/ #aebh1 he mu/ h pres5t$ ,sir ,?omas ,m's gift to him on 8 arrival4 ,!re c\ld be no reason = delay unless he _h 9 "s way mislaid ! sket*4 ,nor is x likely t ,erasmus w\ld h wait$ = ?irte5 mon?s be=e writ+ to ,m to ?ank him2 if he _h done s1 he w\ld at lea/ h made "s apology = 8 remissness4 ,yet 9 8 publi%$ works 8 lett] ( ?anks is dat$ ,freiburg1 #e? ,septemb] #aebi1 s t ! matt] is n easy ( explanation1 unless ?is aga9 is ano!r mi/ake 9 dat+ on ! "p ( ! editor ( ! lett]s4 ,if ! correct date ( ! lett]s to ,m & 8 daught] is #aebh1 n #aebi1 !n ,erasmus wa/$ little "t be=e writ+ to ,m to ?ank him = ! draw+4 ,x seems c]ta9 t ! s*ol>1 highly delight$ ) ! picture ( 8 fri5ds1 & ! lett]s f !m :i* accompani$ x1 w\ld n let _m days g pa/ )\t ackn[l$g+ !m4 ,9 8 lett] to ,sir ,?omas he says3 8,oh t x 7 once m grant$ me 9 life to see su* de> fri5ds face to face :om ,i contemplate ) ! utmo/ joy imag9able 9 ! picture1 :i* ,holbe9 7,olpeius7 has br\ght me60#ggi ,on ! next day1 ,septemb] #f?1 he wrote to ,m>g>et ,rop]3 8,i c sc>cely express 9 words1 ,m>g>et ,rop]1 ?\ ornam5t ( ?9e ,engl&1 :at he>ty delight ,i exp]i5c$ :5 ! pa9t] ,holbe9 7,olpe9us7 pres5t$ to my view y\r :ole family 9 su* a successful del9eation1 t ,i c\ld sc>cely h se5 y bett] _h ,i be5 myself ne> y4 ,con/antly d ,i desire t once m1 be=e my goal is rea*$1 x may be grant$ me to see ?is de> family circle1 to :om ,i owe ! be/ "p ( my outw>d prosp]ity1 & ( my fame1 :atev] !y may be1 & w\ld owe !m r ?an to any o!r mortal4 ,a fair portion ( ?is wi% has n[ be5 fulfill$ by ! gift$ h& ( ! pa9t]4 ,i recognise all1 yet none m ?an !e1 & f ! beautiful ve/m5t ( ?y =m ,i feel z if ,i c\ld see ?y /ill m beautiful m9d beam+ =?4444 ,greet ?y "m1 ! hon\r$ ,mi/ress ,alice1 _m times f me2 z ,i c\ld n embrace h] myself1 ,i h kiss$ h] picture f my he>t40#ghj ,9 ! fir/ lett] ,erasmus writes ,holbe9's "n z ,olpeius1 confus+ him = ! mom5t ) an old 8famulus0 ( 8 own1 ,sev]9us ,olpeius4 ,9 ! second lett]1 9 :i* he calls him ,olpe9us1 he gets ne>] to ! correct "n4 ,9 h] answ] to ?is la/ lett]1 dat$ ,novemb] #d?1 ,m>g>et says3 8,quod pictoris tibi adv5tus tant voluptati fuit1 illo nom9e1 quod utriusque mei p>5tis no/rumque omnium effigiem depictam detul]it1 +5tibus cum gratiis lib5t] agnoscimus40#gha ,holbe9 mu/ soon h discov]$ t 8 prospects ( remun]ative employm5t 7 f> f promis+1 :5 comp>$ ) ! field he _h s rec5tly ab&on$4 ,=tunately he _h "s little money 9 8 pockets :5 he return$1 & p]haps = "s mon?s1 be=e ! religi\s diss5sions came to s acute a head1 he may h f\nd pr(itable "w4 ,b ! outbur/ 9 ! spr+ ( #aebi put an abrupt end to all pa9t+ ( sacr$ pictures or "w ( any k9d = ! *ur*es4 ,! #ah? clause 78^u pictures07 9 an ord] pass$ by ! ,re=mation p>ty 9 t ye> /at$3 8,we h no pictures 9 our *ur*es1 ei!r 9 ! city or c\ntry1 because !y =m]ly gave mu* incitem5t to idolatry1 !re=e ,god has s decid$ly =bidd5 !m1 & has curs$ all :o make images4 ,h5ce1 9 future1 by ,god's help1 we w set up no pictures1 b w s]i\sly reflect h[ we c provide com=t = ! poor ne$y ones :o are ! true & liv+ images ( ,god40#ghb ,= a pa9t] :o _h to make a liv+ = a wife & family su* conditions 7 s]i\s en\gh1 = !y cut (f "o ( 8 *ief s\rces ( employm5t4 ,judg+ f ! num]\s /udies 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 ,holbe91 be=e 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&1 mu/ h be5 frequ5tly engag$ on pictures1 wall-pa9t+s1 & designs = w9d[s = *ur*es1 all ( :i*1 ) few exceptions1 su* z ! ,mey] ,madonna & "o or two o!rs1 p]i%$ be=e ! fury ( ! mob4 ,x 0 natural t he %\ld look =w>d to a cont9uance ( "w ( ?is nature1 & h[ev] /rongly1 9 8 he>t1 he may h believ$ 9 ! ,re=mation itself1 he mu/ h be5 9 little accord ) x 9 its treatm5t ( art4 ,nor 0 x a "t :5 ! lead+ citiz5s ( ,basel _h leisure or desire = s peaceful an occupation z sitt+ = _! portraits4 ,! times 7 f> too /r5u\s4 ,sev]al ( 8 e>li] fri5ds1 & patrons1 too1 7 no long] !re to help him4 ,frob5 _h di$ two ye>s be=e he got back1 & ,erasmus 0 ab\t to wipe ! du/ ( ,basel f 8 feet1 :ile ,am]ba* 0 a tempor>y abs5tee4 ,8 old fri5d1 ,jakob ,mey] 8zum ,has510 0 /ill a prom95t figure among ! ,ca?olic m9ority1 &1 !re=e1 _h little influ5ce to place at 8 s]vice4 ,"u su* adv]se conditions x is1 p]haps1 n wond]ful t only "o panel pa9t+ ( ! second ,basel p]iod c be po9t$ to ) any c]ta9ty--! portrait-gr\p ( 8 wife & two eld] *ildr54 ,?is1 & ! rema9+ wall-pa9t+s 9 ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] ( ! ,t[n ,hall1 are ! only works ( importance ( :i* we h any record4 ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,8 ,,wife ,,& ,,*ildr5 ,! portrait ( 8 wife & 8 two eld] *ildr51 ,philip & ,ka!r9e1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cbe7 7,pl4 #ij71ghc 01 no d\bt1 "o ( ! fir/ ?+s he und]took aft] 8 arrival4 ,9 any case1 x 0 pa9t$ 9 #aebh or #aebi4 ,x is 9 oils on f\r pieces ( pap] fa/5$ toge!r1 & at "s subsequ5t "t has be5 cut out r\nd ! figures & m\nt$ on a panel1 ?us spoil+ ! delicacy ( ! outl9es4 ,! figures are life-size1 & ! wife1 :o is seat$1 fac+ ! spectator1 is %[n at almo/ ?ree-qu>t]s l5g?4 ,%e we>s a d>k gre5 bodice )\t ornam5t1 cut v l[ & /raight across ! brea/1 & a d>k-br[n ov]-g>m5t trimm$ ) a ?9 b& ( fur4 ,h] light br[n hair is cov]$ by a transp>5t veil :i* comes l[ ov] h] =ehead1 & a small br[n cap on ! back ( h] head4 ,on h] left knee %e supports a r$-hair$ baby1 ab\t eighte5 mon?s old1 born dur+ ,holbe9's abs5ce1 dress$ 9 a cap & an undy$ wooll5 g>m5t1 :ile h] "r h& re/s on ! %\ld] ( a boy ( ab\t six or sev51 ) long fair hair1 we>+ a d>k blue-gre5 dress above :i* ! :ite coll> ( 8 %irt is visible4 ,! lad1 :o is %[n 9 pr(ile1 is look+ upw>ds to ! "r1 & presses aga9/ 8 "m's knee4 ,8 head & %\ld]s only are %[n4 ,! picture is dat$1 b 9 ! cutt+ out process x und]w5t prior to its fa/5+ ^u ! wood panel1 :i* 0 done be=e #aehf1 z is to be ga!r$ f ! ,am]ba* inv5tory1 ! la/ figure has be5 %orn away1 & only 8#aeb0 rema9s4 ,x is almo/ c]ta9 t ?is date 0 #aebh or #aebi1 probably ! =m]1 = ,holbe91 once m unit$ ) 8 wife & family1 w\ld be likely to give expression to 8 pleasure by pa9t+ _! portraits4 ,9 ! great] en]gy ( its conception & ! vig\r ( its treatm5t x m closely resembles ! portraits pa9t$ 9 ,engl& ?an 8 e>li] ,basel "w4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ij4 ,illu/ration3 ,,holbe9',s ,,wife ,,& ,,*ildr5 #aebh-i ,,basel ,,gall]y ,sid5ote3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,8 ,,wife ,,& ,,*ildr5 ,!re are o!r v]sions ( ?is picture 9 exi/5ce1 among !m a good late sixte5?-c5tury copy 9 ! ,lille ,museum1#ghd :i* has a blue backgr\nd4 ,l ! ,basel example1 x is on pap] pa/$ ^u wood1 b x has n be5 cut out r\nd ! outl9es1 :ile on a piece ( pap] add$ to ! top ( ! panel !re is an inscription 9 gold1 :i* runs-- 8,die ,liebe zu ,gott hei/ ,*>itas1 ,w] ,liebe hatt d] tragtt ke9 hass10 ?us turn+ x into a repres5tation ( ,*>ity4 ,a second#ghe example1 ?\gh a "w ( no p>ticul> skill1 is ( int]e/ because x gives :at 0 probably ! backgr\nd ( ! orig9al "w be=e x 0 cut d[n1 "o ( ^? ar*itectural compositions ) pila/]s & an ornam5tal frieze :i* ,holbe9 s frequ5tly us$ z a sett+ = 8 e>li] portraits1 "p ( :i* =ms a high-back$ seat 9 :i* ! wife is plac$4 ,?is copy1 :i* belongs to ,h]r ,e4 ,trmpy1 ( ,gl>us1 %[s "s small diff]5ces1 9 ! boy's hair1 ! folds ( ! drap]ies1 c41 b x has suff]$ s mu* t x is difficult to pass judgm5t ^u x4 ,x mu/ h be5 pa9t$ be=e ! orig9al "w 0 cut d[n t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,t ! picture repres5ts ! pa9t]'s wife & *ildr5 is c]ta91 = x 0 9 ! possession ( ,am]ba*1 ^: son ent]$ x 9 8 inv5tory z 8,holbe9s fraw vnd zwei k9d] von im ,h4 ,holbe9 cont]fehet vf papir mit olf>b51 vf holtz gezog540 ,?is picture is pa9t$ ) great] bread? & fre$om ?an 0 8 cu/om4 ,! delicacy ( h&l+ :i* m>k$ almo/ all t he did has giv5 place to a m rapid b none ! less tru?ful execution4 ,! baby is by no means a beautiful *ild1 & ! "m's pla9ness ( c\nt5ance is almo/ repulsive at ! fir/ glance4 ,h] expression is "o ( deep dejection1 h] face c>eworn & unhappy1 & h] eyes are rimm$ ) r$1 sugge/+ ill-heal? or sorr[4 ,! gr\p+ is unconv5tional1 & x may be t ! arti/ began to pa9t !m j z he happ5$ to see !m1 )\t any elaborate pos+ or attempt to make a picture ( !m4 ,! wond]ful tru? ) :i* he has realis$ !m1 h[ev]1 ! f9e ri* col\r1 & ! lum9\s pa9t+ ( ! fle% tones1 comb9e to make x "o ( 8 greate/ works1 9 ! /udy & appreciation ( :i* ! want ( physical beauty 9 ! pr9cipal sitt] & ! sev]e pla9ness ( ! co/umes are ov]look$ & =gott54 ,?\gh only six ye>s lat] ?an ! ,solo?urn ,madonna & ! portrait at ! ,hague1 ,elsbe? ,holbe9 has already lo/ all appe>ance ( y\?1 & ! c>es ( life h left heavy traces beh9d !m4 ,h] features are n[ n m]ely homely1 b heavy & un9t]e/+1 :ile h] figure is solid1 ample1 & ungraceful4 ,yet x is /ill possible to recognise ! lik5ess1 no d\bt some:at idealis$ 9 ! e>li] "w1 b "h set d[n ) remorseless tru?4 ,! cause ( ?is loss ( y\? & good looks1 due1 accord+ to "s mod]n critics1 to ,holbe9's neglect & 8 infatuation = ,magdal5a ,(f5burg1 has be5 t\*$ ^u 9 an e>li] *apt]4 ,m4 de ,wyzewa1 :o is "o ( ^? :o hold ?is !ory1 reg>ds ?is ,basel family gr\p z "o ( ! few pictures 9 :i* ,holbe9 completely reveals 8 arti/ic s\l4 8,i d\bt10 he says1#ghf 8if !re exi/s 9 ! _w ano!r pa9t+ comp>able to ?is = subtle & dolor\s beauty ( expression40 ,9 its revelation ( tru? x is an act ( accusation aga9/ ! pa9t] himself1 su* z is n to be f\nd 9 any writt5 acc\nt ( him by 8 contempor>ies1 :o1 x is sugge/$1 influ5c$ by 8 importance z an arti/ & by 8 connection ) big & influ5tial p1 did n ?9k x wise to speak ! tru? ab\t him4 ,x 0 ,magdal5a :o 0 ! *ief cause ( ?is dome/ic mis]y1 we are told4 ,%e 0 8l'odieuse rivale qui l'a dp\ille de sa beaut et de son bonheur1 et de t\te sa =tune p>-dessus le m>*1 qui a rduit l'exquise jeune femme du portrait de la ,haye dev5ir le fantme navrant du portrait de ,ble2 voil peut-tre le grief qui aura pes le plus cruellem5t sur le cur ulcr d',elisabe? ,holbe96 ,et qui sait si ce remords-l ne s'e/ po9t dress au premi] plan dans l'me du pe9tre lui-mme1 lorsqu'en #aebi celui-ci a pr\v le beso9 de n\s cri] sa confession de m>i et de pre1 en mme temps qu'il allait n\s rvl] la puissante1 l'm\vante gr&eur de son gnie d'arti/e80 ,! boy 9 ! picture1 :o appe>s to be six or sev5 ye>s old1 may well h be5 ! model = ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 ! ,solo?urn ,madonna4 ,! gr\p has be5 pa9t$ ) a spe$ & spontaneity :i* is n usual 9 ,holbe9's portraits1 ) _! m9ute f9i% & c>eful elaboration ( details4 ,?is unwont$ vig\r ( h&l+1 h[ev]1 gives to x a fre$om & a l>g5ess :i* make x unique among ! v>i$ manife/ations ( 8 g5ius4 ,x has _m ( ! qualities ( a brilliant sket*1 9 :i* bo? lik5ess & "* h be5 set d[n ) direct & ma/]ly p[]4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ia4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,"y ,,woman ,unf9i%$ /udy 9 oils ,,basel ,,gall]y ,a v rem>kable portrait /udy ( a "y woman 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y 7,no4 #cbf7 7,pl4 #ia71ghg :i* comes f ! ,faes* ,cab9et1 be>s a close resemblance to ! ,family ,gr\p1 & is ascrib$ by ,dr4 ,ganz to ! same ye>1 #aebh1 to :i* x und\bt$ly belongs4 ,! subject1 evid5tly a woman ( ,holbe9's own class1 is extremely pla91 ) heavy features1 & d>k eyes & hair4 ,%e is repres5t$ to ! wai/1 turn$ slightly to ! spectator's left1 h] long h&s1 ) num]\s r+s1 cross$ 9 front ( h]4 ,x is drawn ) ! p5cil1 & col\r$ ) oil col\rs ?9ly laid on & mix$ ) :ite ^u a r$-ton$ gr\nd4 ,! backgr\nd is a pla91 deep blue4 ,x is unf9i%$1 ! turban-l cap1 & ! out] bodice ( ! dress hav+ ! col\r only slightly indicat$4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ int]e/1 z x af=ds evid5ce ( ,holbe9's me?ods ( work+ at ?is p]iod1 me?ods :i* he employ$ 9 pa9t+ 8 wife & *ildr51 also done 9 oils on pap]2 & x is1 9 addition1 a wond]fully p[]ful /udy 9 portraiture1 lifelike1 vigor\s1 & subtle4 ,sid5ote3 ,,resumes ,,"w ,,9 ,,c\ncil ,,*amb] ,little is kn[n ( ,holbe9's "w 9 ,basel dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,no o!r portrait f 8 bru% has be5 s f> discov]$2 b1 happily = him1 9 ! summ] ( #aecj ! ,t[n ,c\ncil f\nd "s employm5t = him wor?y ( 8 great tal5ts1 "w :i* occupi$ him = ! rema9d] ( ! ye>4 ,!y resolv$ to f9i% ! int]nal decoration ( _! ,c\ncil ,*amb]1 :i* ,holbe9 _h left incomplete "s ye>s e>li]1 & he 0 naturally select$ z ! pa9t] mo/ fitt$ to d x4 ,= ?is "w he receiv$ 9 all #gb flor9s1 9 f\r sep>ate paym5ts betwe5 ,july #f & ,novemb] #ah1 #aecj1 a suffici5tly mode/ sum = five mon?s' "w1 :i* includ$ at lea/ two l>ge wall-pa9t+s2 b1 nev]!less1 bett] pay ?an he _h ga9$ = 8 e>li] frescoes 9 ! same room1 = ! orig9al arrangem5t 0 t he %\ld decorate ! :ole *amb] = ! sum ( #abj guld51 & = t sum he _h cov]$ all b ! 8back wall0 ) l>ge pictures4 ,! new subjects1 :i* may h be5 select$ 9 #aeba1 :5 ! "w 0 fir/ begun1 7 8,rehoboam rebuk+ ! ,eld]s ( ,israel10 & 8,! ,meet+ ( ,samuel & ,saul40 ,a ?ird subject1 8,hezekiah ord]+ ! ,idols to be brok5 9 pieces10 0 probably only "o ( ! s+le figures :i* 7 plac$ betwe5 ! l>g] compositions4 ,unlike ! e>li] wall-pa9t+s1 ( :i* ! subjects 7 tak5 f classical antiquity1 ! ones ^u :i* ,holbe9 0 n[ occupi$ 7 drawn f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & 7 select$ = ! purpose ( sett+ =? ! evil effects ( bad gov]nm5t & ! puni%m5t :i* foll[s ! ob/9acy ( rul]s :o oppose _! w to ! w ( ,god4 ,! 8,hezekiah0#ghh 0 *os51 no d\bt1 z an apt illu/ration ( ! wisdom ( obey+ ! comm&s ( ,god 9 ! sweep+ away ( all false idols & images1 z exemplifi$ 9 ! iconocla/ic outbreaks 9 ,basel itself 9 ! previ\s ye>1 ! pa9t+ ( :i* ,holbe9 mu/ h und]tak5 ) mix$ feel+s4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ib4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 8,,k+ ,,rehoboam ,,rebuk+ ,,! ,,eld]s0 ,?ree fragm5ts ( ! wall-pa9t+ =m]ly 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall #aecj ,,basel ,,gall]y ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ic4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rehoboam ,,rebuk+ ,,! ,,eld]s ,,( ,,israel ,/udy = ! wall-pa9t+ 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall1 #aecj ,,basel ,,gall]y ,two f9e prelim9>y designs = ! 8,rehoboam0 & ! 8,samuel & ,saul0 =m "p ( ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 draw+s :i* may h be5 made z e>ly z #aeba4 ,among ! few fragm5ts ( ! orig9al wall-pa9t+s pres]v$ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 !re are two %[+ ! head & ! rais$ h& ) po9t+ little f+] ( ,rehoboam 7,no4 #cbh7 7,pl4 #ib 7#c771ghi ! head be+ drawn 9 pr(ile1 :]eas 9 ! /udy x is full face1 indicat+ a *ange 9 ! design :5 c>ri$ out on ! wall4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! composition1 z %[n 9 ! draw+ 7,pl4 #ic71gij ,k+ ,rehoboam1 seat$ ^u a l(ty ?rone b5ea? a ri* canopy back$ by a curta9 decorat$ ) a fleur-de-lys device1 b5ds =w>d1 8 left h& /ret*$ be=e him 9 vehem5t action1 ) little f+] ext5d$ t[>ds ! gr\p ( ,israeliti% eld]s /&+ bel[ him1 "s ( :om turn away 9 despair4 ,) 8 "r h& he po9ts to a sc\rge held by an att5dant on ! left4 ,! mom5t depict$ is :5 he cries out 9 a rage3 8,my little f+] %all be ?ick] ?an my fa!r's lo9s2 my fa!r ha? *a/is$ y ) :ips1 b ,i w *a/ise y ) scorpions40 ,beh9d ! ?rone1 )9 ! rails enclos+ a l>ge vault$ *amb] 9 ! ,r5aissance /yle1 are a numb] ( figures1 on ! "o side ! old] c\ncillors :o _h s]v$ 8 fa!r1 ,solomon1 ^: advice he neglect$1 & on ! o!r ! y\ng] c\rti]s ^: bad c\nsel he foll[$4 ,on ! "r ( ! composition is a glimpse ( a hilly l&scape1 ) ! ,cr[n+ ( ,j]oboam by ! revolt$ tribes 9 ! middle di/ance4 ,! draw+ is wa%$ 9 ,indian ink1 ) t\*es ( col\r 9 ! sky1 9 ! circul> op5+s at ! back ( ! hall1 9 ! l&scape1 ! faces ( ! figures1 & ! rails & ! floor4 ,! /ory is told v simply & cle>ly1 b ) consid]able dramatic =ce1 su* z w\ld make an in/ant appeal to ^? = :om ! lesson x conta9$ 0 int5d$4 ,! figures are r %ort & /umpy1 a fault to be notic$ 9 _m ( ,holbe9's e>li] designs = books1 wall-pa9t+s1 & pa9t$ glass2 b ! composition is a dignifi$ "o1 & ! l>ge pa9t+ bas$ ^u x mu/ h be5 a noble "w4 ,z /at$ above1 ! fragm5ts ( ! orig9al pa9t+ :i* h be5 pres]v$ %[ t ,holbe9 deviat$ f ! sket* 9 ess5tial po9ts4 ,! head ( ,rehoboam1 :i* is a ma/]piece ( /rong expression1 is se5 9 %>p pr(ile4 ,!re are also 9 ! same ,gall]y two fragm5ts conta9+ gr\ps ( heads ( ! ,israelite ,mess5g]s 7,no4 #cbi7 7,pl4 #ib 7#a & #b774gia ,traces ( gold are /ill visible on ^! rema9s ( ! orig9al "w1 %[+ t ,holbe9 made use ( gild+ 9 wall-pa9t+s z well z 9 portraits4 ,sid5ote3 8,,! ,,meet+ ,,( ,,samuel ,,& ,,saul0 ,! wall-pa9t+ ( 8,samuel & ,saul0 0 ! l>ge/ ( all ! decorations 9 ! ,c\ncil ,*amb]1 & t x 0 pa9t$ side by side ) ! 8,rehoboam0 on ! only wall 9 ! room unbrok5 by door or w9d[ is evid5t f ! fact t 9 ! sket*es ! same divid+ column appe>s 9 bo?4 ,x 0 probably ab\t #g or #h feet high by #af or #ag feet long1 & if ! same proportion 0 pres]v$ 9 bo? designs1 ! 8,rehoboam0 mu/ h be5 ab\t #ac feet long4 ,! mom5t *os5 = repres5tation is ! return ( ,saul f 8 conque/ ( ! ,amalekites1 & 8 meet+ ) ! ,prophet ,samuel4 ,in/ead ( obey+ ! comm& ( ,god1 & de/roy+ m51 wom51 *ildr51 & flocks1 he has sp>$ !m1 & c>ri$ !m & mu* spoil away ) him4 ,samuel has come =? 9 ang]1 & ,saul1 p]ceiv+ him1 has dism\nt$1 & advances to meet him b5t 9 rev]5ce4 ,! prophet heaps reproa*es ^u him4 8,ha? ! ,"l z great delight 9 burnt (f]+s & sacrifices z 9 obey+ ! voice ( ! ,"l8 ,because ?\ ha/ reject$ ! ^w ( ! ,"l1 ,he ha? also reject$ !e f be+ k+40 ,! "r half ( ! composition is cr[d$ ) foot-soldi]s & horsem51 we>+ ,roman helmets1 among :om ! conqu]$ ,k+ ,agag is borne captive4 ,9 ! di/ance are se5 ! captur$ h]ds & flocks1 & ! burn+ villages on ! hillsides4 ,! composition is a f9ely-balanc$ "o1 & ! noble1 m5ac+ figure ( ! ,prophet is well contra/$ ) ! cr++ figure ( ! ,k+1 consci\s1 n[ t ! flu% ( victory is pass+1 t he has fail$ to fulfil ! sacr$ comm&s4 ,! army beh9d him is mo/ effectively gr\p$1 & ! soldi]s' lances1 se5 d>kly aga9/ ! sky1 produce mu* ! same effect ( gr&eur & ( numb]s z 9 ,velazquez's great picture4 ,9 ! left upp] corn] is a long :ite tablet--no d\bt 9 ! f9i%$ pa9t+ x 0 %[n hang+ f ! pa9t$ framework surr\nd+ ! picture--on :i* ! ,lat9 text1 quot$ by ,tonjola1 0 inscrib$4 ,! sket* 7,no4 #cdg7 7,pl4 #id7gib has be5 slightly wa%$ ) col\r1 blue 9 ! sky1 ! /ream 9 ! middle di/ance1 ! trees1 & ! hills1 & br[n ov] ! l&scape1 :i* comb9es ) ! blue to produce gre5 9 ! trees & hillsides1 :ile ! flames f ! burn+ villages are bright r$4 ,! figures are drawn 9 br[n & %ad$ ) a wa% ( cool grey4 ,x is n possible f ?is1 h[ev]1 to ga9 mu* idea ( ! actual col\r+ ( ! wall-pa9t+1 b1 f ! d>t+ flames & ! volumes ( heavy smoke roll+ across ! sky & blott+ out a "p ( ! l&scape1 x is possible t ! g5]al effect attempt$ 0 "o ( /rong contra/s ( *i>oscuro1 su* z are to be se5 9 ! ,basel ,passion picture4 ,/ill1 ! sket*1 small z x is1 af=ds ample evid5ce ( ! greatness ( ,holbe9's p[] ( design 9 l>ge compositions cr[d$ ) figures1 & emphasizes ! s]i\sness ( ! loss suff]$ ?r\gh ! de/ruction ( ! :ole ( 8 wall-pa9t+s & l>g] decorative works4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #id4 ,illu/ration3 ,,samuel ,,& ,,saul ,/udy = ! wall-pa9t+ 9 ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall ,p5 draw+ 9 br[n t\*$ ) wat]-col\r ,,basel ,,gall]y ,beyond ! ,t[n ,hall frescoes1 little rema9s to %[ 9 :at mann] he 0 employ$ dur+ ! rema9d] ( 8 /ay 9 ,basel4 ,!re is a f9e design = a dagg]-%ea?1 ri*ly decorat$ ) ,r5aissance ornam5t1 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 dat$ #aebi 7,pl4 #de 7#a71 ,vol4 ii472#gic b ?is is ! only "w ( ! k9d t c be giv5 def9itely to ?is p]iod1 ?\gh possibly "s ( ! o!r designs = dagg]-%ea?s & b&s ( ornam5t 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 describ$ 9 a lat] *apt]1#gid 7 made dur+ ^! ye>s4 ,he also produc$ a numb] ( designs = woodcuts1 among !m a s]ies ( illu/rations = ! ,cosmography & sev]al a/ronomical works by ,seba/ian ,mn/] ( ,muni*1 publi%$ by ,he9ri* ,petri4 ,mn/] 0 9 ,basel 9 ! autumn ( #aebi1 & x is possible1 s ,dr4 ,ganz sugge/s1#gie t 8 fell[-t[nsman1 ,niklaus ,kratz]1 ^: portrait ,holbe9 _h s rec5tly pa9t$1 drew 8 att5tion to ! arti/'s skill 9 ! del9eation ( sci5tific & ma!matical in/rum5ts1 su* z ,mn/] requir$ = ! illu/ration ( 8 books4 ,9 ?is way1 no d\bt1 ! au?or & ! arti/ came into p]sonal contact4 ,holbe9 drew = him a numb] ( f9e designs1 su* z figures repres5t+ ! signs ( ! ,zodiac1 draw+s ( sun-dials1 & a v>iety ( ma!matical & a/ronomical in/rum5ts1 & a great a/ronomical table1 fir/ publi%$ 9 #aecd1 b />t+ f ! ye> #aecj1 ) ornam5tal accessories & repres5tations ( ! f\r seasons1 a "w ( great beauty4#gif ,he also pa9t$ a new portrait ( ,erasmus1 mo/ probably 9 ,freiburg1 = ! portrait at ,p>ma1 :i* is "o ( ! be/ ( v>i\s almo/ contempor>y copies1 is dat$ #aecj4 ,! small circul> picture 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y is v possibly ! orig9al /udy pa9t$ directly f ! sitt]4 ,^! portraits & ! r\ndel ( ,melan*?on 9 ! ,prov9zial ,museum at ,hanov]1 :i* is probably ( ! same p]iod1 h be5 describ$ 9 a previ\s *apt]4#gig ,sid5ote3 ,,repa9t+ ,,( ,,rh9e ,,gate ,,clock ,!re is only "o o!r record to %[ t he receiv$ any fur!r employm5t f ! civic au?orities aft] ! completion ( ! ,t[n ,hall pa9t+s4 ,on ,octob] #g1 #aeca1 he 0 paid 8#ag pfund #aj s*ill+10 or f\rte5 guld51 = repa9t+ ! two clocks on ! ,rh9e ,gate 78von b$5 ,ur5 am ,r9?or zemal5074#gih ,?is commission 0 = r5ovat+ ! two faces ( ! old clock1 :i* 0 decorat$ ) ! grotesque figure ( ! 8,lall5knig10 ) di/ort$ c\nt5ance /ret*+ out 8 tongue t[>ds ,little ,basel4 ,?is und]tak+ seems v paltry aft] ! big decorative works ^u :i* he _h be5 occupi$ twelve mon?s e>li]1 b 0 app>5tly all t ! au?orities _h to give4 ,x is an exagg]ation1 h[ev]1 to speak ( x1 z "s writ]s d1 z contemptible "w = an arti/ ( 8 /&+4 ,mrs4 ,=tescue says ( x3 8,z soon z ,holbe9 got 8 pay = ?is disgraceful commission--a pay he 0 n[ mu* too h>d press$ to refuse--he quietly slipp$ away f ,basel )\t tak+ ! ,c\ncil into 8 confid5ce40#gii ,to ,holbe91 :o by no means reg>d$ himself z a portrait-pa9t] only1 b to :om all decorative "w1 h[ev] l>ge or h[ev] small1 0 equally an occasion = giv+ ( ! be/ t 0 9 him1 ! ornam5tation ( a clock face w\ld 9 no ways appe> to be "w 9 any way disgraceful or b5ea? him2 nor is !re ! slighte/ evid5ce to %[ t he ran away f ,basel l a ?ief 9 ! night4 ,?r\gh\t 8 life1 inde$1 8 me?ods 7 ord]ly1 & su* z became a citiz5 & guildsman ( 8 adopt$ t[n4 ,he mu/1 nev]!less1 h suff]$ _m anxieties1 = times 7 unpropiti\s 9 ,basel1 & (f]$ few opportunities = ! remun]ative practice ( ! f9e arts4 ,bo? 9 #aebi & #aecj great sc>city prevail$4 ,! religi\s excitem5t1 too1 grew 9 /r5g?1 & ! ,prote/ant p]secutions became z sev]e z ! papal ones :i* _h prec$$ !m4 ,holbe9 himself fell "u suspicion4 ,on ,june #ah1 #aecj1 j :5 he 0 beg9n+ to "w on ! ,t[n ,hall frescoes1 he 0 call$ ^u1 toge!r ) a numb] ( o!r citiz5s1 to ju/ify himself = n hav+ tak5 "p 9 ! ,communion in/itut$ 9 ! ,basel *ur*es aft] ! abolition ( ! ,ca?olic ritual 9 #aebi4 ,he gave z an answ] t he dem&$1 be=e approa*+ ! ,"l's ,table1 t ! signification ( ! holy my/]y %\ld be bett] expla9$ to him4 ,x appe>s t ! in=mation giv5 to him 0 suffici5t to satisfy 8 consci5ce1 z he did n p]si/ 9 8 refusal4 ,8 fri5d1 ,bonifacius ,am]ba*1 0 m obdurate1 & s _h ! ban pass$ ^u him4 ,9 #aeca op5 w> broke out betwe5 ! diff]5t cantons1 ?r\gh /ress ( religi\s diff]5ces4 ,?is 0 possibly ! la/ /raw 9 ,holbe9's case4 ,"w gr[+ daily m difficult to obta91 8 ?\ghts w\ld naturally turn to ! happi] fields = 8 g5ius :i* ,engl& af=d$1 & he det]m9$ to return !re4 ,! exact date ( 8 dep>ture is unkn[n1 b x mu/ h be5 t[>ds ! end ( #aeca or 9 ! e>ly spr+ ( #aecb2 p]haps ! latt] date is ! m probable ( ! two1 z ! j\rney1 9 ! way 9 :i* he w\ld be =c$ to make x1 w\ld be an unpleasant1 if n a difficult1 "o 9 w9t]4#hjj ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,po/script ,,to ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,a ,,newly ,,discov]$ ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady ,,! discov]y ( a new portrait by ,holbe9 mu/ always be a matt] ( ! highe/ int]e/ to /ud5ts ( ! ma/]'s art1 & :5 ! panel s discov]$ is "o 9 practically faultless condition & ( exceptional attraction1 its importance z an addition to ! li/ ( ! pa9t]'s works _c be easily exagg]at$4 ,x is pleasant1 !re=e1 to h to record ! fact t su* a portrait 0 br\ght to light = ! fir/ "t dur+ ! pres5t ye> 7#aiac74 ,! portrait 9 "q =m$ "p ( a collection ( pictures & engrav+s remov$ f ,ro!rwas ,h\se1 ne> ,h]e=d1 ! seat ( ! ,bod5ham family1 e>ly 9 ! ye>1 ! great] numb] ( :i* 7 sold by auction 9 ,london la/ ,febru>y4 ,! ,holbe9 picture1 h[ev]1 0 fir/ he>d ( at a sale at ,messrs4 ,puttick & ,simpson's rooms 9 ,leice/] ,squ>e on ,april #h?4 ,x 0 9 a v dirty /ate1 & its beauty 0 almo/ entirely obscur$ by a ?ick coat ( d>k v>ni%1 ) :i* x _h be5 cov]$ "s two c5turies or m ago4 ,x _h also two slight abrasions above & bel[ ! "r eye4 ,across ! left sleeve 0 pa9t$ 9 :ite1 9 late eighte5?-c5tury lett]+1 ! inscription 8,m>g>et ,tudor1 ,que5 ( ,scotl&40 ,?is attribution1 h[ev]1 0 *ang$ by ! compil]s ( ! sale catalogue to 8,m>y1 ,que5 ( ,scots10 & x 0 describ$ z by an unkn[n arti/ ( ! e>ly ,engli% ,s*ool4 ,! bidd+ = ?is picture />t$ at #aj1 & x 0 f9ally acquir$ = #cdj gu9eas by ,mr4 ,ay]/ ,h4 ,butt]y4 ,^u c>eful clean+ ! false inscription at once came away1 & aft] ! removal ( ! v>ni% ! picture 0 f\nd to be1 z already /at$1 9 a practically faultless condition--except = ! two small abrasions--& 9 ! orig9al /ate 9 :i* x 0 left by ! arti/1 ?anks1 no d\bt1 to ! v>ni%+ process x _h und]gone4 ,x is unsign$1 & has no inscription giv+ ! "n & age ( ! sitt]1 b 9 spite ( ?is x is difficult to d\bt its au?or%ip4 ,holbe9 0 ! only pa9t] !n 9 ,engl& :o possess$ s f9e a te*nique4 ,x has be5 c>efully exam9$ by sev]al lead+ au?orities on ! pa9t]1 among !m ,dr4 ,fri$lnd]1 ( ! ,kais] ,fri$ri* ,museum1 ,b]l91 & all are agre$ t x is a spl5did example ( ,holbe94 ,a detail$ description ( x1 ) sev]al sugge/ions t[>d ! solution ( ! id5tity ( ! sitt]1 0 fir/ publi%$ by ,mr4 ,maurice ,w4 ,brockwell1 9 ! ,morn+ ,po/ ( ,june #bh1 #aiac4 ,,vol4 ,i41 ,,plate #ie4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,an ,,unkn[n ,,engli% ,,lady 7,=m]ly 9 ! possession ( ! ,bod5ham family1 ,ro!rwas ,hall1 ,h]e=d7 ,reproduc$ by k9d p]mission ( ,mr4 ,ay]/ ,h4 ,butt]y ,x is on panel1 #ca in*es high by #bc in*es wide 7,pl4 #ie74 ,! lady is %[n full face1 & almo/ ?ree-qu>t]s l5g?1 hold+ ) bo? h&s a v small op5 pray]-book or brevi>y1 :i* is atta*$ to a ribbon r\nd h] wai/ by a pla9 *a94 ,! dress is ( deep m>oon sat91 ) ! upp] "p ( ! bodice ( black velvet4 ,! latt] is op5 at ! ?roat1 ! po9ts ( ! coll> be+ turn$ back1 %[+ ! :ite l9+4 ,?is /yle ( coll> occurs v r>ely 9 ,holbe9's pictures1 & is to be se5 9 only two o!rs ( 8 f9i%$ portraits ( ladies--^? ( ,ca!r9e ,h[>d & ,lady ,butts4 ,9 ^! two1 h[ev]1 ! 8rev]s0 are q pla91 :]eas 9 ,mr4 ,butt]y's picture !y are ri*ly embroid]$ 9 black ) a floral design1 sugge/+ c>nations1 conv5tionally treat$1 :ile r\nd ! edge runs a n>r[ bord] ) a r[ ( conv5tionalis$ fl[]s ( a some:at simil> patt]n1 :i* occurs aga9 on ! :ite ruffs at h] wri/s4 ,h] long & ?9 arms are encas$ 9 tightly fitt+ sleeves1 t]m9at+ 9 ! !n fa%ionable 8hang+0 or 8ov]0 sleeves1 p>tly ( black velvet1 :i* are exceptionally full & heavy1 ) sla%+s fill$ 9 ) :ite silk embroid]$ 9 black ) a design sugge/+ acorns arrang$ 9 gr\ps ( f\r4 ,! skirt1 or petticoat1 ( :i* little c be se51 %[s an elaborate floral patt]n4 ,! lady we>s no r+s1 b has a pla9 gold *a9 w\nd twice r\nd h] neck4 ,! coll> ( ! bodice is fa/5$ toge!r by a small broo* or p9 set ) a d>k 8table0 /one1 f :i* is susp5d$ a circul> m$allion or p5dant ( gold & enamel1 ) ! figure ( a lady 9 a r$ dress1 seat$ 9 a high-back$ *air1 & play+ a lute or viol4 ,above ?is figure is a scroll ) ! leg5d1 8,praise ! ,"l = ev]more40 ,! :ole is enclos$ )9 a bord] ( scroll-"w1 ) a grotesque head 9 :ite enamel on ei!r side1 gre5 leaves at ! bottom & a r$ rose at ! top4 ,! head-dress is ( ! curv$ %ape introduc$ f ,p>is1 & n ! m cu/om>y angul> ,engli% hood4 ,x has two b&s ( elaborately wr\ght goldsmi?'s "w1 & is fill$ 9 ) c]ise-r$ sat91 :i* makes a v beautiful col\r contra/ ) ! pla9 blue-gre5 backgr\nd1 aga9/ :i* ! head is s effectively plac$4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! fair hair1 su* ( x z c be se51 is bo? unusual & attractive1 be+ p>t$ 9 ! c5tre1 :ile on ei!r side b&s1 ( slightly light] col\r ?an ! re/1 are br\ght =w>d ov] ! e>s1 :i* are completely hidd54 ,individual gold5 hairs are indicat$ aga9/ ! d>k backgr\nd1 & bo? hair & head-dress h be5 r5d]$ ) all ,holbe9's m9ute & lov+ c>e & dext]ity ( draughtsman%ip4 ,! face is a mo/ expressive "o4 ,bo? ! m\? & ! grey1 contemplative eyes are full ( "*1 sugge/$ 9 ! mo/ subtle mann] & ) un]r+ bru%work4 ,! modell+ ( ! fle% is ( extraord9>y delicacy4 ,! lady1 :oev] %e may be1 ?\gh n p]haps /rictly beautiful has consid]able pret5sions to good looks1 & h] :ole p]sonality1 inde$1 is "o ( great *>m4 ,! col\r-s*eme1 too1 is "o ( exceptional attraction4 ,! contra/ betwe5 ! sombre-col\r$ g>m5ts ) gl9t+ lights ^u !m1 & ! pale & pe>l-l face1 /&+ out aga9/ ! blue-gre5 ( ! backgr\nd1 is mo/ h>moni\s1 & ! b& ( r$ 9 ! head-dress adds to & sets (f ! delicate blondness ( h] features4 ,ano!r po9t to be not$ is ! skill ) :i* ! slight ripples 9 ! pla9ly-cut bodice & upp] sleeves h be5 indicat$1 z well z ! little inequalities & furr[s 9 ! sat9 ( ! head-dress1 :]e ! mat]ial has slightly puck]$ at ! edge by :i* x is fa/5$ to ! ornam5tal b&s4 ,! portrait1 inde$1 is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful & attractive ev] produc$ by ! pa9t]4 ,little or no?+ is kn[n ( ! hi/ory ( ?is picture1 & at pres5t ! id5tity ( ! sitt] has n be5 e/abli%$4 ,! anci5t family ( ,bod5ham 0 settl$ at ,ro!rwas long be=e ,h5ry ,,viii came to ! ?rone4 ,x 0 ! rec5t dea? ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,bod5ham1 ! la/ direct desc5dant ( ?is family1 :i* br\ght ab\t ! sale ( ! e/ate toge!r ) ! family mansion & ! :ole ( its cont5ts4 8,! entire prop]ty10 says ,mr4 ,brockwell1 8seems to h be5 fir/ pur*as$ by a firm at a s\? coa/ wat]+-place1 :o be+ 9 no special way attract$ by ! /hetic & f9ancial value ( ! cont5ts ( ! h\se1 )\t mu* ado proce$$ to pass !m on to a well-kn[n trad+ firm 9 ,h]e=d4 ,fifty-?ree pictures & ?irty-five engrav+s 7 dispos$ ( at ! end ( ,febru>y la/ by auction 9 ,london4 ,be=e t "t1 x is und]/ood1 a picture0--! picture n[ 9 "q--8_h be51 = s5tim5tal reasons1 (f]$ = #ae to di/ant connections ( ! ,bod5ham family1 an (f] t 0 n accept$1 & x 0 ultimately put up = sale at ,messrs4 ,puttick & ,simpson's40 ,! ,tudor panell+ ( ! h\se 0 sold = a great sum ( money to an ,am]ican collector4 ,?omas ,bod5ham 0 "o ( ! lead+ g5tlem5 ( ,h]e=d%ire dur+ ,h5ry ,,viii's reign4 ,8 "n occurs frequ5tly on li/s ( %]iffs1 magi/rates1 gaol deliv]ies1 & ! l1 9 8 own c\nty1 b o!rwise !re is no m5tion ( him 9 ! ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 & he does n appe> to h be5 atta*$ to ! ,c\rt4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 v probable t ! portrait repres5ts 8 wife or daught]1 ?\gh ?is w\ld provide ! mo/ natural solution ( ! sitt]'s id5tity4 ,mo/ critics :o h se5 ! picture are decid$ly ( ! op9ion t x 0 produc$ dur+ ,holbe9's fir/ visit to ,engl&1 9 #aebf-h1 an op9ion bas$ l>gely on ! pa9t+ ( ! h&s1 und\bt$ly ! lea/ satisfactory "p ( ! panel4 ,!y are h>d & /iff 9 ! modell+1 & h none ( ! expressiv5ess :i* is s m>k$ a *>act]i/ic ( ,holbe9's pa9t+ ( h&s dur+ ! la/ t5 or twelve ye>s ( 8 life4 ,9 "s o!r respects ! picture %[s qualities :i* w\ld seem to place x "s ye>s lat] 9 ! pa9t]'s c>e]1 t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( 8 second & long] resid5ce 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,"o feature :i* may possibly indicate a lat] date ?an #aebg is ! dress1 & m p>ticul>ly ! ,fr5* hood4 ,x is true t in/ances are kn[n ( ! we>+ ( ?is head-dress 9 ,engl& z e>ly z #aebg1 b at t "t its use seems to h be5 conf9$ to a few ladies ( ! highe/ ari/ocracy ab\t ! ,c\rt4 ,! angul> hood ) its long black fall 0 !n ! almo/ univ]sal headge>1 & rema9$ s = "s ye>s long]4 ,! fa%ion ( ! latt]1 & ! me?od ( we>+ x1 c be well se5 9 ,holbe9's co/ume /udy ( a lady 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 7,no4 #aa 9 ,mr4 ,b9yon's ,catalogue4 ,n 9 ,woltmann4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz 9 ,die ,h&zei*nung5 von ,hans ,holbe9s des ,jng]51 x4 #d47 ,?is draw+ consi/s ( two :ole-l5g? /udies on "o %eet4 ,9 "o ( !m ! lady /&s turn$ ?ree-qu>t]s to ! left1 h] h&s 9 front ( h]1 hold+ a ros>y2 9 ! o!r %e is se5 m f ! back1 ! left h& rais$ & po9t+4 ,x is 9 ,indian ink & bru% outl9e1 p>tly wa%$ ) ,indian ink1 & ! fle% t9ts 9 r$4 ,x is sign$ twice1 8,h4 ,h40 & 8,h4 ,h4 ,b10 b ^! signatures are false4 ,an excell5t idea ( ! co/ume ( ! p]iod & ( ! me?od by :i* ! fall 0 atta*$ to ! hood c be ga9$ f ?is effective draw+1 :i* 0 =m]ly 9 ! ,malcolm & ,lawr5ce collections4 ,! lady ( ! picture appe>s to be ab\t tw5ty-two or tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( age1 & x is1 ( c\rse1 q impossible t %e c be ,m>g>et ,tudor1 ^: features are well kn[n1 & :o 0 ne>ly =ty 9 #aebg1 :ile ,m>y1 ,que5 ( ,scots1 born 9 #aedb1 is /ill m impossible4 ,! 8,fr5* ,que510 ,m>y ,tudor1 ! ,k+'s second si/]1 0 born 9 #adih1 & s 0 tw5ty-n9e 9 #aebg2 b "h aga9 sev]al au!ntic portraits ( h] exi/1 & ^! be> little or no resemblance to ,mr4 ,butt]y's lady4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 too1 t all evid5ce po9ts to ! fact t ,holbe9 _h no connection ) ! ,c\rt dur+ 8 fir/ visit to ,engl&4 ,x is v probable t ! lut+ figure on ! m$allion is int5d$ to repres5t ,/4 ,cecilia1 & t ! sitt]1 z ,mr4 ,brockwell po9ts out1 0 nam$ aft] h]4 ,?is sugge/$ to him t x might be a portrait ( ,sir ,?omas ,m's second daught]1 ,cecilia ,h]on1 :o 0 tw5ty ye>s ( age 9 #aebg :5 ! ,m ,family ,gr\p 0 pa9t$2 b ?is !ory _h to be ab&on$1 = !re is little or no lik5ess betwe5 ! lady ( ! picture & ! head ( ,cecilia 9 ! ,w9dsor collection4 ,x is probable t m$allions ) a figure ( ,/4 ,cecilia 7 by no means uncommon at t "t4 ,two ( !m are m5tion$ 9 li/s ( jewels belong+ to ! ,cr[n at ! p]iod 9 "q4 ,^! li/s w be f\nd 9 ! ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s4 ,among ! entries 9 ! fir/ li/1 dat$ #aebh 7,c4 ,l4 ,p41 vol4 iv4 pt4 ii4 #eaad7 are ! foll[+3--8,a broo* ) a g5tlewoman lut+1 ) a scripture above x10 & 8a g5tlewoman1 hold+ a ley] 9 h] h&1 silv]-gilt 7deliv]$ to ,mr4 ,wyat740 ,9 ! second li/1 dat$ #aecj 7,c4 ,l4 ,p41 vol4 iv4 pt4 iii4 #fghi71 :i* appe>s to be a copy ( ! fir/1 ! same entries occur ) slight diff]5ces3--8,a broo* ) a g5tlewoman lut+1 & a scripture ab\t x10 & 8,images4 ,a g5tlewoman1 hold+ a lay] 9 h] h&s1 silv]-gilt 7,mr4 ,wyat740 ,!re are n1 h[ev]1 suffici5t gr\nds = sugge/+ t ! lady 9 "q is we>+ "o ( ^! p>ticul> royal jewels1 & t1 !re=e1 %e 0 closely connect$ ) ! ,k+1 or ev5 a memb] ( ,sir ,?omas ,wyat's family1 ?\gh ! ri*ness & elaborat5ess ( ! dress & ! exceptionally f9e embroid]y seem to indicate a p]sonage ( high quality4 ,x is to be hop$ t fur!r rese>*es w solve ! my/]y ( ?is fair unkn[n4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 ! portrait provides a v notable & welcome addition to ! tale ( ! ma/]'s "w1 & "o n easily surpass$ by any o!r among 8 portraits ( ladies4 ,?anks to ! great k9dness ( ,mr4 ,butt]y ! picture is reproduc$ "h4 ,,end ,,( ,,vol4 ,i4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,footnotes ----- ,footnote #a3 ,anton ,w]n]1 ,d] ,samml]1 ,no4 #adc1 #aijg4 ,footnote #b3 ,anton ,w]n]1 ,d] ,samml]1 ,no4 #adc1 #aijg4 ,footnote #c3 ,entries 9 ! ,augsburg ,brg]bu* & ,/eu]b*]4 ,footnote #d3 ,see ,glas]1 ,hans ,holbe9 d] lt]e1 p4 #aga4 ,footnote #e3 ,katalog d] ff5tli*5 ,kun/sammlung 9 ,basel1 #aijh1 p4 #ff4 ,footnote #f3 ,woltmann1 ,a4 ,h41 #bj4 ,footnote #g3 ,woltmann1 ,a4 ,h41 #be4 ,footnote #h3 ,woltmann1 ,holbe9 und se9e ,zeit1 i4 #fg4 ,footnote #i3 ,see ,willy ,hes1 ,ambrosius ,holbe91 p4 #adi4 ,footnote #aj3 ,woltmann1 #a-d4 ,! fir/ & ?ird reproduc$ by ,curt ,glas]1 ,hans ,holbe9 d] lt]e1 ,pl4 ii4 ,footnote #aa3 ,! 8,dea? ( ,m>y0 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 =m]ly "p ( ! ,afra alt>-piece 9 ! *apel ( ! ,kai%eim]-,h(es 9 ,augsburg1 be>s an almo/ illegible date1 :i* ! ,basel catalogue gives z #adij1 b is m probably #adie4 ,see ,curt ,glas]1 ,hans ,holbe9 d] lt]e1 p4 #bc1 & ,pl4 iii4 ,footnote #ab3 ,woltmann1 #e4 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 v42 ,davies 7c5tral "p71 p4 #d4 ,footnote #ac3 ,or ,rehl+54 ,footnote #ad3 ,woltmann1 #f4 ,see ,glas]1 p4 #cf4 ,footnote #ae3 ,woltmann1 i4 #di4 ,fir/ cit$ by ,hassl] 9 ,v]h&lung5 des ,v]e9s fr ,kun/ und ,alt]tum 9 ,ulm und ,ob]s*wab51 ix4 & x41 #ahee1 p4 #gi4 ,footnote #af3 ,woltmann1 #bjg-baj4 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xii4 ,footnote #ag3 ,?ree ( !m reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pls4 x4 & xi4 ,footnote #ah3 ,woltmann1 #bch-bec4 ,t5 ( ! panels reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pls4 xiv4-xix4 ,footnote #ai3 ,woltmann1 #g4 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xxii4 ,footnote #bj3 ,woltmann1 #h4 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xxvi42 ,davies 7left-h& panel only71 p4 #ab4 ,footnote #ba3 ,glas]1 #bcj4 ,woltmann1 #bgg4 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 i4 ,footnote #bb3 ,glas]1 #bah & #aec4 ,woltmann1 #afj & #agj4 ,! fir/ reproduc$ by ,w4 ,hes 7,ambrosius ,holbe971 ,pl4 i4 7#b71 & by ,woltmann & ,fris* 9 ,hans ,holbe9 des 4 ,silb]/iftzei*4 im ,b]l91 ,pl4 #fd2 ! second by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xxxvii42 ,davies1 p4 #a2 ,woltmann1 vol4 i41 frontispiece2 & else:]e4 ,footnote #bc3 ,glas]1 #bcc4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #bd3 ,davies1 p4 #af4 ,footnote #be3 ,= details ( ^! paym5ts1 tak5 f ! acc\nt books ,/4 ,moritz1 see ,woltmann1 ii4 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #bf3 ,woltmann1 i4 pp4 #if-ig1 ii4 #ca4 7,extracts f ! ,augsburg] ,g]i*tsb*]47 ,footnote #bg3 ,! alt>-piece ( #aeab = ! ,conv5t ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e is ref]r$ to 9 ! next *apt]4 ,see pp4 #bc-e4 ,footnote #bh3 ,woltmann1 #bed-beh4 ,c5tral panel & inn] sides ( %utt]s reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pls4 xxx41 xxxi42 ! latt] reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #bb2 out] sides ( %utt]s by ,woltmann1 vol4 i4 pp4 #hh1 #hi4 ,footnote #bi3 ,woltmann1 i4 #ie4 ,footnote #cj3 ,woltmann1 vol4 ii4 p4 #acb1 n numb]$2 reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pls4 xxxii41 xxxiii42 ,a4 ,seeman1 9 ,zeits*r4 f4 bild4 ,kun/1 xiv4 p4 #aig1 #aijc 79 col\r72 ,arundel ,club1 #aijg1 ,pl4 #d4 ,footnote #ca3 ,see note at end ( ?is *apt]4 ,footnote #cb3 ,raczynski1 ,les ,arts en ,portugal1 #ahdf1 p4 #bie4 ,footnote #cc3 ,glas]1 p4 #ajj2 ,reb]1 9 ,kun/*ronik1 xiv4 p4 #dic1 #aijc4 ,footnote #cd3 ,glas]1 p4 #aje4 ,footnote #ce3 ,w41 #da1 #abg-ca1 #bgi4 ,g41 #ajd-aj4 ,footnote #cf3 ,w41 #aca-b1 #bbf1 #bgi-hj4 ,g41 #aji-ad4 ,footnote #cg3 ,w41 #aji4 ,g41 #acc4 ,footnote #ch3 ,w41 #aaj4 ,g41 #acd4 ,footnote #ci3 ,w41 #aag-ah1 #bbd4 ,g41 #acg-i4 ,footnote #dj3 ,w41 #aai4 ,g41 #adj4 ,footnote #da3 ,w41 #abj4 ,g41 #ada4 ,footnote #db3 ,w41 #aba4 ,g41 #adb4 ,footnote #dc3 ,w41 #abb4 ,g41 #adc4 ,footnote #dd3 ,w41 #adi4 ,g41 #agb4 ,footnote #de3 ,w41 #adh4 ,g41 #afi4 ,footnote #df3 ,w41 #adc4 ,g41 #afd4 ,footnote #dg3 ,w41 #ada-b4 ,g41 #afe-f4 ,footnote #dh3 ,w41 #aaa-ab4 ,g41 #ace-f4 ,footnote #di3 ,w41 #aec-d4 ,g41 #aef-g4 ,footnote #ej3 ,w41 #bca4 ,g41 #aed4 ,footnote #ea3 ,w41 #cd4 ,g41 #agj4 ,footnote #eb3 ,w41 #ade-f4 ,g41 #afg-h4 ,footnote #ec3 ,w41 #aee-g4 ,g41 #bji-aa4 ,footnote #ed3 ,w41 #aei4 ,g41 #bac4 ,footnote #ee3 ,w41 #acc-d4 ,g41 #aae-ag4 ,footnote #ef3 ,w41 #abd-e1 #bbe4 ,g41 #ajj-b4 ,footnote #eg3 ,w41 #abf4 ,g41 #ajc4 ,footnote #eh3 ,w41 #ajh4 ,g41 #aea-b4 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xxxvi4 ,footnote #ei3 ,woltmann1 #bhd4 ,footnote #fj3 ,glas]1 p4 #acc4 ,footnote #fa3 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 ,octob] #aijh1 pp4 #cg-dc4 ,footnote #fb3 ,b]l91 #beeh4 ,glas]1 #baf4 ,woltmann1 #aeh4 ,footnote #fc3 ,! portrait & bo? draw+s reproduc$ by ,mr4 ,dodgson 9 8 article2 & ! portrait 9 ! ,illu/rat$ ,catalogue ( ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhibition1 #aijf1 ,pl4 xxxi4 ,footnote #fd3 ,9 ,may ( ! pres5t ye> 7#aiac7 ! 8,f\nta9 ( ,life0 picture 0 remov$ f ! ,palacio das ,necessidades to ! ,museu ,nacional de ,arte ,antiga 9 ,lisbon4 ,footnote #fe3 ,see page #bed4 ,footnote #ff3 ,publi%$ 9 #ahfh4 ,footnote #fg3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #aja4 ,footnote #fh3 ,woltmann1 #ad-ag4 ,footnote #fi3 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xxix4 ,footnote #gj3 ,glas]1 p4 #he4 ,footnote #ga3 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #af4 ,footnote #gb3 ,?is b& ( ornam5t1 :i* is diff]5t 9 ea* panel1 recalls ! v simil> scroll-"w by ! y\ng] ,hans us$ 9 ! upp] "p ( ! organ %utt]s at "o "t 9 ! ca!dral *ur* ( ,basel4 ,footnote #gc3 8,,ivssv4 ,,v5]4 ,,pi5tqve ,,matris ,,v]oni 4 4 ,w 4 4 4 ,e4 ,h4 ,,holba9 ,,9 ,,avg4 ,t4 ,,sv ,,xvii40 ,wornum1 p4 #hh4 ,woltmann1 ii4 p4 #d4 ,footnote #gd3 ,kun/w]ke und ,kn/l] 9 ,deuts*l&1 #ahde4 ,footnote #ge3 ,already m5tion$1 see p4 #aa4 ,glas]1 #aec4 ,woltmann1 #ajg4 ,footnote #gf3 ,see page #e4 ,footnote #gg3 ,see ,hes1 p4 #ab1 & footnote giv+ ,woltmann's v>i\s surmises z to ! date & figures inscrib$ on ! draw+4 ,footnote #gh3 ,woltmann1 #afj4 ,glas]1 #bah4 ,reproduc$ by ,woltmann1 ,h4 ,h4 des 4 ,silb]/iftzei*nung51 c41 ,pl4 lxiv42 ,hes1 ,pl4 i4 ,footnote #gi3 ,woltmann1 #dc4 ,glas]1 #bjc4 ,reproduc$ by ,8 9 8 publication ( ! eld] ,holbe9's draw+s1 ,pl4 lxxiv42 ,hes1 ,pl4 iii4 ,footnote #hj3 ,woltmann1 #eh4 ,glas]1 #bfe4 ,reproduc$ by ,81 ,pl4 lvii42 ,hes1 ,pl4 iv4 ,footnote #ha3 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xiii42 ,hes1 ,pl4 v4 ,footnote #hb3 ,reproduc$ by ,glas]1 ,pl4 xvii4 ,footnote #hc3 ,see ,hes1 p4 #ae4 ,footnote #hd3 ,p>!y1 ,no4 #adah4 ,footnote #he3 ,or possibly f su* m9iatures z ^? 9 ! ,duke ( ,buccleu*'s collection4 ,see vol4 ii4 pp4 #bcj-a4 ,footnote #hf3 ,woltmann1 i4 #dgg4 ,dr4 ,paul ,ganz sugge/s t "o ( ^! portraits may h be5 ! small r\ndel belong+ to ,"l ,sp5c]1 traditionally kn[n z a portrait ( ,holbe91 b consid]$ by him to repres5t ! jewell]1 ,hans ( ,antw]p4 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe9 7,klassik] d] ,kun/71 p4 #bec4 ,?is l>ge m9iature is describ$ m fully 9 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ad-ae4 ,footnote #hg3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 i4 p4 #ic4 ,footnote #hh3 ,see vol4 ii4 pp4 #bcj-a4 ,footnote #hi3 ,?is small r\ndel is n[ consid]$ to be a portrait ( ,hans ( ,antw]p4 ,see vol4 ii4 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #ij3 ,davies1 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #ia3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to i4 #aj4 ,footnote #ib3 ,8 "n does n appe> 9 ! ,augsburg rate-books aft] #aeji1 & aft] #aeab1 ! date on "o ( 8 bro!r's portrait-/udies ( him1 no fur!r trace ( him is to be f\nd 9 8 native city4 ,footnote #ic3 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #cc2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #a2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #c4 ,footnote #id3 ,woltmann1 #cei4 ,footnote #ie3 ,s4 ,vgel91 8,e9 wi$]gefund5es ,mei/]w]k ,holbe9s10 9 ,frankfurt] ,zeitung1 #ahga 7,nos4 #bcf-g1 #bdd1 #bdh71 & ,d] ,holbe9-tis* auf d] ,/adtbiblio!k 9 ,zri*1 ,wi51 #ahgh4 ,reproduc$ z a :ole & 9 detail1 toge!r ) a recon/ruction1 by ,ganz 9 ,holbe9 7,k4 d] ,k47 pp4 #f-i4 ,footnote #if3 ,woltmann1 #g1 #h4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 figs4 #b1 #c2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #ai1 #bj4 ,footnote #ig3 ,woltmann1 #afh4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #d2 & 9 outl9e by ,re9a*1 ,rp]toire de ,pe9tures1 i4 p4 #dja 7z by ,h4 ,h4 ! ,eld]74 ,footnote #ih3 ,reproduc$ by ,re9a*1 ,rp]toire1 i4 p4 #d4 ,footnote #ii3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #e4 ,wrongly describ$ 9 ,re9a*1 ,rp]toire1 z 8,! ,flagellation40 ,footnote #ajj3 ,dr4 ,willy ,hes consid]s ?is portrait to be by ,h]b/] himself4 ,see p4 #fj4 ,footnote #aja3 ,woltmann1 #bg4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #d2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ba4 ,footnote #ajb3 ,woltmann1 #bd4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bb4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,woltmann1 #be4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ch2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bc4 ,footnote #ajd3 ,woltmann1 #bf4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #dj2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #be4 ,footnote #aje3 ,woltmann1 #bh4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #db2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #e2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bd4 ,footnote #ajf3 ,davies1 p4 #dj4 ,footnote #ajg3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bcc4 ,footnote #ajh3 ,woltmann1 #ea4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,h&zei*nung5 ,s*weiz]is*] ,mei/]1 iii4 #h2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ff4 ,footnote #aji3 ,see ,app5dix 7,a74 ,footnote #aaj3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #h4 ,footnote #aaa3 ,woltmann1 ,woodcuts1 #aic4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #fg4 ,footnote #aab3 ,woltmann1 #bcd4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ahf2 ,a4 ,f4 ,buts*1 ,die ,b*]-,ornam5tik d] ,r5aissance1 #ahgh1 ,pl4 #da2 ,wornum1 d$ication page4 ,footnote #aac3 ,woltmann1 #aaa4 ,footnote #aad3 ,?is inscription1 h[ev]1 is n[ reg>d$ z a r d\btful "o1 & x is possible t ! book 0 nev] p]man5tly 9 ! possession ( ,erasmus4 ,see ,hes1 ,ambrosius ,holbe91 pp4 #hc-id1 :]e ! hi/ory ( ! book & ! v>i\s !ories z to its own]%ip & ! au?or%ip ( ! draw+s are v fully discuss$4 ,footnote #aae3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*weiz4 ,m/r41 note to i4 #eb4 ,footnote #aaf3 ,dr4 ,hes subjects ! draw+s to c>eful analysis1 & gives a complete li/1 toge!r ) ! sugge/$ au?or%ip ( ea* ( !m1 9 ,ambrosius ,holbe91 pp4 #ij-id & #afa-aff4 ,footnote #aag3 ,twelve ( !m reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*weiz4 ,m/r41 i4 #eb2 ! :ole set by ,mantz1 b s badly engrav$ t !y are ( little s]vice = purposes ( comp>ison2 ! :ole ( ! draw+s n[ attribut$ to ,ambrosius by ,hes1 ,pls4 xvi4-xx41 & p4 #aci4 ,footnote #aah3 ,dr4 ,hes po9ts out ! simil>ity ( ?is figure to t ( ! s*oolmi/ress 9 ! 8,s*oolma/]'s ,signbo>d10 & consid]s t ,ambrosius _h a %>e 9 ! pa9t+ ( ! latt]4 ,see ,ambrosius ,holbe91 p4 #ic4 ,footnote #aai3 ,by ,ambrosius ,holbe94 ,footnote #abj3 ,! "n1 h[ev]1 0 n writt5 by ,erasmus1 b is a lat] addition4 ,footnote #aba3 ,woltmann1 "u ,h4 ,h4 ! ,eld]1 #ahb4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #f2 ,ganz1 ,holbe9 7,k4 d] ,k471 p4 #bjc2 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxxiv4 ,footnote #abb3 ,dr4 ,hes reg>ds ?is portrait z ! "w ( ,h]b/] himself4 ,see ,ambrosius ,holbe91 p4 #ade4 ,footnote #abc3 ,woltmann1 "u ,h4 ,h4 ! ,eld]1 #ajf1 b he aft]w>ds attribut$ x to ! y\ng] ,hans4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,h&zei*nung5 ,s*weiz]is*] ,mei/]1 c41 ii4 #b2 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxiv4 ,footnote #abd3 ,woltmann1 #e1 #f4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 figs4 #aj1 #aa2 ,ganz1 ,holbe9 7,k4 d] ,k471 pp4 #aj1 #aa4 ,footnote #abe3 ,woltmann1 #aa4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 pp4 #dd1 #df2 ,knackfuss1 figs4 #ad1 #ae2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #ab1 #ac4 ,footnote #abf3 ,on ! back ( ! portrait ( ,mey]1 ,holbe9 pa9t$1 f\r ye>s lat]1 ! sitt]'s coat ( arms1 surm\nt$ by a scroll inscrib$ 8,i4,m4 #aebj40 7,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #cj47 ,!re is a good old copy ( ! wife's portrait 9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,ralph ,brocklebank1 ,haughton ,hall1 ,t>porley1 :i* 0 previ\sly 9 ! ,william ,graham collection2 & a copy ( bo? portraits 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 ,no4 #cej1 f ! ,faes* collection4 ,footnote #abg3 ,accord+ to ,/dtn]1 ^! portraits %[ ! influ5ce ( ,burgkmair4 ,footnote #abh3 ,woltmann1 #cc1 #cd4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #ah & iii4 #g1 & ! 8,mey]0 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #b2 ! 8,doro!a0 by ,davies1 p4 #df2 bo? by ,knackfuss1 figs4 #ab1 #ac4 ,footnote #abi3 8--og5 s*w>z--b>et rot mosf>b--brau5n gelb] dan das h>--grus5 wit brau5n40 ,footnote #acj3 ,woltmann1 #i4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #af2 ,ganz1 ,holbe9 7,k4 d] ,k47 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #aca3 ,ganz1 ,holbe9 7,k4 d] ,k471 p4 #bcc4 ,footnote #acb3 ,reproduc$ by ,law1 ,royal ,gall]y ( ,hampton ,c\rt1 p4 #aed4 ,footnote #acc3 ,?is !ory is held by ,h]r ,?4 von ,lieb5au4 ,see 8 ,h4 ,h4 des ,jng4 ,fresk5 am ,h]t5/e9hause zu ,luz]n1 c41 #ahhh4 ,footnote #acd3 ,woltmann1 #af4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #eb2 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxx4 ,footnote #ace3 ,e4 ,81 8,die ,basel] ,ar*ive b] ,h4 ,h410 9 ,zahn's ,jahrbu*1 #ahgj1 p4 #aac4 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #ace2 ,hes1 p4 #af4 ,footnote #acf3 ,woltmann1 #e4 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxxvi4 ,footnote #acg3 ,woltmann1 ,woodcuts1 #ah-ba4 ,see ,hes1 p4 #bc1 :o reproduces all f\r woodcuts1 ,pls4 xiv4-xv4 ,footnote #ach3 ,woltmann1 #b1 #c4 ,no4 #bid reproduc$ 9 ! ,basel ,catalogue1 #aijh1 & bo? by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxxi41 xxxii4 ,footnote #aci3 ,woltmann1 #bd4 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxix4 ,footnote #adj3 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxviii4 ,footnote #ada3 ,woltmann1 #bc4 ,see ,hes1 pp4 #abd-f4 ,reproduc$ by him1 ,pl4 xxxiii4 ,footnote #adb3 ,woltmann1 #a4 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxiii4 ,footnote #adc3 ,woltmann1 #d4 ,footnote #add3 ,woltmann1 "u ,hans ! ,y\ng]1 #bjc4 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxxvii42 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bjd4 ,footnote #ade3 ,see ,hes1 pp4 #add-f4 ,footnote #adf3 ,woltmann1 #f4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #f2 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxvi4 ,footnote #adg3 ,woltmann1 #g4 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxvii4 ,footnote #adh3 ,woltmann1 #h4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xvi42 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxv4 ,footnote #adi3 ,woltmann1 #aj4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #bb2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ci2 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxii4 ,footnote #aej3 ,woltmann1 #bb4 ,reproduc$ by ,hes1 ,pl4 xxxv4 ,footnote #aea3 ,?is picture 0 includ$ 9 ! ,exposition de la ,toison d',or1 ,bruges1 #aijg1 ,no4 #acj4 ,footnote #aeb3 ,woltmann1 ,woodcuts1 #g4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,die ,b*]-,ornam5tik d] ,r5aissance1 ,pl4 #df2 ,hes1 ,pl4 x4 ,footnote #aec3 ,woltmann1 ,woodcuts1 #ag4 ,footnote #aed3 ,woltmann1 ,woodcuts1 #af4 ,footnote #aee3 ,see ,woltmann1 ii4 pp4 #bje-bad2 ,hes1 pp4 #bg-hj1 & ,pls4 vi4-xv42 also ,buts*4 ,footnote #aef3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #ci2 ,hes1 ,pl4 xxi4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,see ,hes1 p4 #adh4 ,reproduc$ by ,vas>i ,society1 ,no4 #ag1 ,pt4 i41 #aije-f4 ,footnote #aeh3 ,woltmann1 #ajc4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #dj2 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #d2 & ,holbe91 p4 #aed4 ,footnote #aei3 ,woltmann1 #baf4 ,footnote #afj3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #adc4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #af4 ,footnote #afa3 ,woltmann1 #ec4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #c2 & 9 ,holbe91 p4 #aed2 ! left-h& half by ,81 ,dess9s d',ornam5ts de ,hans ,holbe91 ,pl4 ii4 ,footnote #afb3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to ii4 #c4 ,footnote #afc3 ,= complet] details1 see ,?4 von ,lieb5au1 ,hans ,holbe9s d4 ,j4 ,fresk5 am ,h]t5/e9 ,hause 9 ,luz]n1 #ahhh2 ,p4 ,ganz1 8,hans ,holbe9s ,itali5fahrt10 9 ,sddeuts*e ,monat%efte1 #aiji1 vol4 vi4 p #eif4 ,footnote #afd3 ,p>!y1 #aedh4 ,woltmann1 ii4 p4 #aff1 :o d\bts t ! orig9al 0 by ,holbe94 ,footnote #afe3 ,eight ( !m reproduc$ by ,ganz1 toge!r ) a recon/ruction ( ! faade by ,a4 ,l&]]1 9 ,holbe91 pp4 #aec-aeh4 ,footnote #aff3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! ,bullet9 ( ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,new ,york1 vol4 i4 ,no4 #ab 7,nov4 #aijf72 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 ,oct4 #aijf1 p4 #ec2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ae4 ,footnote #afg3 ,woltmann1 #eh4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #da 7a74 ,footnote #afh3 ,see ,sddeuts*e ,monat%efte1 #aiji1 p4 #eii4 ,footnote #afi3 ,see pp4 #adj-c1 #aej1 c4 ,footnote #agj3 ,woltmann1 #af4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ai2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ee4 ,footnote #aga3 ,see p4 #dj4 ,footnote #agb3 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 ! ar*itectural motives are d]iv$ f ! loggia ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,como4 ,see ,holbe91 p4 #bcf4 ,footnote #agc3 ,see *apt] vii4 ,footnote #agd3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 notes to ii4 #c1 #ea1 iii4 #i1 #ce2 ,holbe91 pp4 xvi4-xviii4 ,footnote #age3 ,woltmann1 #hc1 :o calls ! figure ,/4 ,pantalus4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ce4 ,footnote #agf3 ,= fur!r pro(s1 see ,app5dix 7,b74 ,footnote #agg3 ,gau?iez1 ,holbe91 p4 #eb1 & ! same writ]'s 8,holbe9 sur la r\te d',italie10 9 ,gazette des ,beaux-,arts1 ,dec4 #ahig1 ,feb4 #ahih4 ,footnote #agh3 ,"o is to be se5 9 ! 8,f\nta9 ( ,y\?0 decoration = ! ,h]t5/e9 h\se4 ,footnote #agi3 ,woltmann1 #bi4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #ec4 ,footnote #ahj3 ,woltmann1 #ajg4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #cd4 ,footnote #aha3 ,= two o!rs1 see ,app5dix 7,b74 ,footnote #ahb3 ,woltmann1 #ii4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #aj2 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #e2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #bg4 ,footnote #ahc3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #aj4 ,footnote #ahd3 ,reproduc$ by ,81 ,jahrbu* d] ,kgl4 ,preussis*5 ,kun/sammlung51 #ahid1 p4 #bjh4 ,footnote #ahe3 ,gau?iez1 p4 #ef4 ,footnote #ahf3 ,index ,op]um ,holb5ii1 app5dix to ,mori ,encomium1 #afgf1 ,nos4 #dg-ea4 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 ed4 ,wornum1 p4 #gg4 ,footnote #ahg3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ahg1 & note ^u x1 p4 #bdi1 f :i* ?is in=mation is tak54 ,footnote #ahh3 ,reproduc$ 9 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #de1 ) note by ,mey5burg4 ,footnote #ahi3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xviii4 ,footnote #aij3 ,woltmann1 i4 #ade4 ,footnote #aia3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xl4 ,footnote #aib3 ,woltmann1 i4 #ade4 ,footnote #aic3 ,woltmann1 i4 #ahc4 ,footnote #aid3 ,f ,pantaleon1 ,held5bu*1 vol4 iii4 ,footnote #aie3 ,= an exhau/ive acc\nt ( ! =mation & hi/ory ( ! ,am]ba* ,collection1 :i* conta9s transcripts f ! e>lie/ inv5tory1 prep>$ by ,basilius ,am]ba*1 d[n to ! "o drawn up :5 ! collection 0 tak5 ov] by ! city1 see ,die ,ent/ehung des ,am]ba*'s*5 ,kun/kab9ets und die ,am]ba*'s*5 ,inv5t>e1 by ,dr4 ,ganz & ,dr4 ,emil ,major1 9 ! #ei? annual report 7#aijg7 ( ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,footnote #aif3 ,woltmann1 #aj4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #fj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #bj2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bi4 ,footnote #aig3 ,wornum1 ,holbe91 p4 #aag4 ,footnote #aih3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xvi4 ,footnote #aii3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xix4 ,footnote #bjj3 ,see p4 #ach4 ,footnote #bja3 ,see ,app5dix 7,e74 ,footnote #bjb3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #ahh-aia4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,woltmann1 #aee1 #aef4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 figs4 #eh1 #ei2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #ef-ei4 ,footnote #bjd3 ,!re is consid]able lik5ess betwe5 ?is gr\p ( ! ,infant ,*ri/ & ! boy angels surr\nd+ him1 & ! "o 9 ! beautiful 8,holy ,family0 by ,gaud5zio ,f]r>i at ,dor*e/] ,h\se1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! figure ( ! angel ) small w+s & close-fitt+ dress1 :o1 9 ,holbe9's picture1 kneels 9 front ( ! ,*ild ) 8 back to ! spectator1 & 9 ! o!r is %[n 9 pr(ile1 support+ him4 ,accord+ to ,miss ,halsey 7,gaud5zio ,f]r>i1 p4 #hf71 ! ,dor*e/] ,h\se picture 0 8probably pa9t$ ab\t #aeba40 ,footnote #bje3 ,knackfuss1 p4 #hc4 ,footnote #bjf3 ,woltmann1 i4 #agh4 ,footnote #bjg3 ,woltmann1 i4 #agf4 ,wornum1 p4 #aab 7quot+ f ,hegn]1 ,hans ,holbe9 d4 ,j4 #ahbg1 & ,s*reib]1 ,ges*i*te des ,mn/]s zu ,freiburg1 c474 ,footnote #bjh3 ,woltmann1 #bj4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 figs4 #ed1 #ee1 & #ef2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #df-ed2 ,mrs4 ,=tescue1 ,pl4 #i4 ,footnote #bji3 ,accord+ to ,pet] ,o*s1 x 0 pa9t$ = ! ,c\ncil ,*amb] ( ! ,basel ,t[n ,hall4 ,boiss]e 7#ahbi7 0 ( op9ion t ! damag$ panel ( 8,! ,la/ ,supp]10 already describ$1 orig9ally =m$ ! c5tral panel ( ?is alt>-piece4 ,footnote #baj3 ,s&r>t1 ,teuts*e ,akademie1 ii4 p4 #hb4 ,footnote #baa3 ,wornum1 pp4 #fh-ga4 ,footnote #bab3 ,t ! re/or] made *anges1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! col\r1 c be se5 f two old copies ( ! 8,betrayal0 & ! 8,crucifixion0 subjects1 n[ 9 ! depot ( ! ,basel ,gall]y1 :i* indicate ! picture's orig9al /ate4 ,footnote #bac3 ,woltmann1 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #abh4 ,footnote #bad3 ,see ,e!l ,halsey1 ,gaud5zio ,f]r>i1 pp4 #eh1 #fi1 c42 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xxii41 c4 ,! te*nique1 also1 closely resembles t ( ! ,milanese s*ool1 diff]+ consid]ably f ,holbe9's e>li] practice4 ,footnote #bae3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bce4 ,footnote #baf3 ,reproduc$ by ,erne/ ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures at ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 ,pl4 x42 ,davies1 p4 #ih2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #eg2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #hj4 ,footnote #bag3 ,knackfuss1 p4 #ha4 ,footnote #bah3 ,davies1 p4 #ih4 ,footnote #bai3 ,holbe9's ,pictures at ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 p4 #cb4 ,footnote #bbj3 ,woltmann1 #ai4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #gf2 ,knackfuss1 figs4 #fj1 #fa2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #de4 ,footnote #bba3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bce4 ,footnote #bbb3 ,jahrbu* d] preuss4 ,kun/s41 #aijg1 vol4 #bh4 ,footnote #bbc3 ,woltmann1 #fb4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #ea2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #fe4 ,footnote #bbd3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to ii4 #ea4 ,a photograph ( ! sculptures on ?is doorway is reproduc$ by ,dr4 ,ganz 9 8 ,holbe91 p4 xix4 ,footnote #bbe3 ,woltmann1 #eb4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #bbd2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #fd4 ,footnote #bbf3 ,woltmann1 #agb4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #f4 ,footnote #bbg3 ,see also ,app5dix 7,c74 ,footnote #bbh3 ,woltmann1 #ad4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 vii42 ,knackfuss1 figs4 #de & #df2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #cb1 #cc4 ,footnote #bbi3 ,woltmann1 vol4 i4 p4 #agd4 ,footnote #bcj3 ,woltmann1 #bdg4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #hj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #dg2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #cf4 ,footnote #bca3 ,or1 accord+ to "s writ]s1 ,/4 ,m>t9 ( ,t\rs4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,holbe91 p4 #bcd4 ,footnote #bcc3 ,see ,e!l ,halsey1 ,gaud5zio ,f]r>i1 p4 #db1 & ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bcd4 ,footnote #bcd3 ,fir/ deciph]$ by ,h]r ,f4 ,a4 ,zett]-,coll94 ,! c>pet itself recalls m ?an "o v simil> c>pet 9 ,f]r>i's pictures1 ?\gh ! latt] are mu* f9] 9 design2 9 a 8,madonna & ,*ild0 belong+ to ,sig4 ,vittad9i at ,arcorre1 = in/ance1 or ! 8,*ri/ be=e ,h]od0 9 ! ,v>allo frescoes4 ,footnote #bce3 ,see note to ,no4 #ia 9 ,basel ,catalogue1 #aijh4 ,footnote #bcf3 8,e9 nack5d k9dl9 sitzt vf e9] s*lang5 kompt von ,holbe9s gemeld dur* ,h4 ,bock5 vf holtz mit olf>b5 mehrteil na*gemolt40 ,footnote #bcg3 ,woltmann1 ,no4 #agc4 ,eng4 by ,j4 ,c4 ,lo$el = ,weigel's ,hdz4 b]hmt] ,mei/]4 ,footnote #bch3 ,woltmann1 vol4 i4 p4 #ahc4 ,footnote #bci3 ,woltmann1 #afa4 ,reproduc$ by ,sir ,claude ,phillips1 ,! ,picture ,gall]y ( ,*>les ,i1 ,portfolio monograph1 #ahif1 p4 #fc2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #fj4 ,footnote #bdj3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bcg4 ,footnote #bda3 ,t4 de ,wyzewa1 9 a review ( ,dr4 ,ganz' book1 8 propos d'un ,livre n\veau sur ,holbe9 le ,jeune10 9 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 ,janu>y #ae1 #aiab4 ,footnote #bdb3 ,woltmann1 #bcd4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ad2 ,mantz1 p4 #de4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,9 a woodcut by ,lucas ,crana*1 repres5t+ ,sibylla ( ,cleves1 ! same motto is %[n embroid]$ 9 pe>ls on h] cap & coll>4 ,see ,campbell ,dodgson1 ,catalogue ( ,e>ly ,g]man & ,flemi% ,woodcuts1 c4 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 ii41 p4 #cbj4 ,footnote #bdd3 ,davies1 p4 #hc4 ,footnote #bde3 ,mrs4 ,=tescue1 ,holbe91 p4 #if4 ,footnote #bdf3 ,amiet1 ,hans ,holbe9s ,madonna von ,solo?urn1 c41 #ahgi4 ,footnote #bdg3 ,see ,f4 ,a4 ,zett]-,coll91 8,die ,zett]'s*e ,madonna von ,solo?urn10 9 ,fe/s*rift des ,kun/-,v]e9s d] ,/adt ,solo?urn1 #aijb2 & ,zeits*rift fr die ,ges*i*te des ,ob]rhe9s1 ,new ,s]ies1 vol4 xi4 p4 #ddb4 ,footnote #bdh3 ,woltmann1 ,holzs*nittw]k ,h4 ,h41 #bag & #bah4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #dj4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,see ,woltmann1 vol4 i4 p4 #aii4 ,footnote #bej3 ,woltmann1 #afi4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #dh2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ce2 ,woltmann 7woodcut by ,knaus71 vol4 i4 p4 #agi4 ,footnote #bea3 ,woltmann1 #agj4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #di2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #beb3 ,see page #gi4 ,footnote #bec3 ,woltmann1 p4 #agi4 ,footnote #bed3 ,davies1 p4 #ii4 ,footnote #bee3 ,woltmann1 #d4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #fa-fd4 ,footnote #bef3 ,quot$ by ,woltmann1 vol4 i41 p4 #age4 ,footnote #beg3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xxvii4 ,footnote #beh3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bcg4 ,footnote #bei3 ,woltmann1 #ih4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii41 #ai1 #bj2 ,davies1 p4 #gd2 ,knackfuss1 figs4 #fb1 #fc2 ,81 ,desse9s1 c41 viii41 ix4 ,footnote #bfj3 ,see pp4 #aeg-i4 ,footnote #bfa3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 #bdf-g4 ,footnote #bfb3 ,!odori ,zw+]i me?odus apodemica1 #aegg1 p4 #aii--quot$ by ,woltmann1 i4 #adi4 ,footnote #bfc3 ,woltmann1 #aah4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ed2 ,81 ,pl4 xxiv42 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afj4 ,footnote #bfd3 ,woltmann1 #id4 ,reproduc$ by him 7woodcut71 i4 #aea4 ,footnote #bfe3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afb4 ,footnote #bff3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afa4 ,footnote #bfg3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aei4 ,footnote #bfh3 ,woltmann1 #dh4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #aj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #da4 ,footnote #bfi3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 p4 #bf4 ,footnote #bgj3 ,woltmann1 #ci4 ,reproduc$ by ,81 ,pl4 xxii4 7i474 ,footnote #bga3 ,see pp4 #fh-i4 ,footnote #bgb3 ,woltmann1 #bce1 :o reg>d$ x z a g5u9e example ( ,holbe9's e>li] ,basel p]iod4 ,reproduc$ by ,81 ,pls4 xviii4-xx4 ,footnote #bgc3 ,woltmann1 i4 #adh-i4 ,footnote #bgd3 ,woltmann1 i4 #aec-d4 ,footnote #bge3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bdg4 ,footnote #bgf3 ,quot$ by ,woltmann1 i4 #aeb4 ,footnote #bgg3 ,woltmann1 i4 #aei 7note71 & ,eng4 trans41 p4 #agc4 ,footnote #bgh3 ,basilea ,sepulta1 p4 #chb4 ,footnote #bgi3 ,ges*i*te d] ,/adt und ,l&s*aft ,basel1 #aghf-ahbb1 vol4 v4 pp4 #cid-djj4 ,footnote #bhj3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afe4 ,footnote #bha3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afd4 ,footnote #bhb3 ,! head ( ,*>ondas 0 introduc$ into a glass pa9t+ by ,h4 ,j4 ,plepp 9 #aeha4 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bdg4 ,a badly ov]-pa9t$ fragm5t ) ! head f ! wall itself is pres]v$ 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y4 ,footnote #bhc3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afg4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aff4 ,footnote #bhe3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bdg4 ,footnote #bhf3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afh4 ,footnote #bhg3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ca4 ,footnote #bhh3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #aeg4 ,footnote #bhi3 ,woltmann1 #dg4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #ac1 & also 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 xi41 & ,holbe94 #afc4 ,footnote #bij3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to i4 #ac4 ,footnote #bia3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bdg4 ,footnote #bib3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aga4 ,footnote #bic3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aga4 ,footnote #bid3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #afi4 ,footnote #bie3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #agj4 ,footnote #bif3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #agj4 ,footnote #big3 ,see pp4 #cdg-ej4 ,footnote #bih3 ,see ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #aeh 7note72 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #agb 7note74 ,footnote #bii3 8,vnnd dwyl die h9d]e w& no* nit gma*t vnnd gemolet i/1 vnnd er v]me9t an dysem das gelt v]di5t hab5n1 sol man dieselbig h9d]e want bis vff wy!r5n bes*eit loss5n an /on40--,d] ,drey] ,h]r5 ,g$5kb*le94 7,woltmann1 i4 #aei47 ,footnote #cjj3 ,see pp4 #gh-i1 & ,app5dix 7,b74 ,footnote #cja3 ,woltmann1 #hb-hi4 ,footnote #cjb3 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #bb2 ,81 ,pl4 xvii4 ,footnote #cjc3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ce2 ,81 ,pl4 xvi4 ,footnote #cjd3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #ce4 ,footnote #cje3 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 figs4 #bc1 #bd4 ,footnote #cjf3 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #be4 ,footnote #cjg3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #h4 ,footnote #cjh3 ,woltmann1 #aja4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #bd4 ,footnote #cji3 ,woltmann1 #ic4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #i2 ,81 ,pl4 iii4 ,footnote #caj3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #i4 ,footnote #caa3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #di4 ,footnote #cab3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to ii4 #di4 ,footnote #cac3 ,see also ,app5dix 7,b74 ,footnote #cad3 ,woltmann1 #ib4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #cf2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #cg2 ,81 ,pl4 i4 ,footnote #cae3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #g4 ,footnote #caf3 ,woltmann1 #aai4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #cf 79 col\rs72 ,81 ,pl4 xv4 ,footnote #cag3 ,woltmann1 #if4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ce4 ,footnote #cah3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #g4 ,footnote #cai3 ,app5dix 7,b74 ,footnote #cbj3 ,woltmann1 #aba4 ,footnote #cba3 ,woltmann1 #di4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #bd4 ,footnote #cbb3 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #bd4 ,footnote #cbc3 ,see ,app5dix 7,d74 ,footnote #cbd3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xxi4 ,footnote #cbe3 ,woltmann1 #aab4 ,reproduc$ by ,81 ,pl4 v42 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #cbf3 ,woltmann1 #ajb4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ch2 ,81 ,pl4 iv4 ,footnote #cbg3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #ch4 ,footnote #cbh3 ,briti% ,museum1 #ac1 ,b9yon ,catg41 ii4 p4 #cbi4 ,woltmann1 #bji4 ,footnote #cbi3 ,woltmann1 #ie4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ec 7see note to ! plate by ,mey5burg74 ,footnote #ccj3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ed1 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ac4 ,see 8 notes to bo? plates4 ,footnote #cca3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #ed4 ,footnote #ccb3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #ed4 ,footnote #ccc3 ,woltmann1 #ij4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #ce2 ,81 ,pl4 vii4 ,footnote #ccd3 ,woltmann1 #ia4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #db1 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ae2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #bf2 ,81 ,pl4 vi4 ,footnote #cce3 ,woltmann1 #ff4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #bh2 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #a74 ,footnote #ccf3 ,woltmann1 #fg4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #bb2 ,davies1 p4 #gb2 ,knackfuss fig4 #bi2 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #b74 ,footnote #ccg3 ,woltmann1 #fh4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ci2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #cj2 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #c74 ,footnote #cch3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #ci4 ,footnote #cci3 ,woltmann1 #fi4 ,reproduc$ by ,81 ,pl4 x42 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #d74 ,footnote #cdj3 ,woltmann1 #gj4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ca2 ,81 ,pl4 xi42 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #agc2 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #e74 ,footnote #cda3 ,woltmann1 #ga4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ag2 ,81 ,pl4 xii41 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #f74 ,footnote #cdb3 ,see ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 p4 #cf4 ,footnote #cdc3 ,woltmann1 #gb4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #ej2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #cb2 ,81 ,pl4 xiii42 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #g74 ,footnote #cdd3 ,woltmann1 #gc4 ,reproduc$ by ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #h74 ,footnote #cde3 ,woltmann1 #gd4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #fh2 ,81 ,pl4 xiv42 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #i74 ,footnote #cdf3 ,woltmann1 #ge4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #gj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #cc2 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #agd2 ,mantz1 p4 #dd 7,no4 #aj74 ,footnote #cdg3 ,woltmann1 #agg-ahc2 ,briti% ,museum1 #a-g1 ,b9yon ,catg41 ii4 pp4 #cbg-h4 ,see ,app5dix 7,d74 ,footnote #cdh3 ,woltmann #gf-ha4 ,all six reproduc$ by ,mantz1 eng4 by ,ed\>d ,livre1 p4 #abh4 ,footnote #cdi3 ,woltmann1 #gf4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #aa1 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #c2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #db4 ,footnote #cej3 ,woltmann1 #hj4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #cg2 ,davies1 p4 #acf2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #dd4 ,footnote #cea3 ,woltmann1 #gh4 ,also we>+ a gauze cap4 ,footnote #ceb3 ,woltmann1 #gg4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #dc4 ,footnote #cec3 ,woltmann1 #gi4 ,footnote #ced3 ,see pp4 #bde-f4 ,footnote #cee3 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 note to iii4 #aa4 ,footnote #cef3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #bf2 & see 8 note1 p4 #dd4 ,footnote #ceg3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ee1 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ab4 ,footnote #ceh3 ,woltmann1 #ajd4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #cf1 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #bh2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #fh4 ,footnote #cei3 ,& ! ,la*n] glass design4 ,see ,app5dix 7,b74 ,footnote #cfj3 ,woltmann1 #fc4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #aj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #fi4 ,footnote #cfa3 ,?is draw+ is only ! c5tral "p ( ! design1 ! left-h& half be+ 9 ! ,alb]t9a1 ,vi5na 7,woltmann1 #bei74 ,= ! draw+ at ,frankfurt ( ! transport %ip ) l&skne*te1 see ,vol4 ii4 p4 #bfd4 ,footnote #cfb3 ,woltmann1 #aje4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ag4 ,footnote #cfc3 ,woltmann1 #ajf4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ah4 ,footnote #cfd3 gidius 0 ?irty-"o :5 ! portrait 0 pa9t$1 & _h be5 appo9t$ t[n-cl]k sev5 ye>s previ\sly4 ,footnote #cfe3 ,ar*ologia1 xliv4 pp4 #dce et seq4 ,footnote #cff3 ,reproduc$ by ,sir ,claude ,phillips1 ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahig1 p4 #aja2 ,arundel ,club1 #aije2 ,catalogue ( ! ,pictures 9 ! ,e>l ( ,radnor's ,collection1 #aiji1 vol4 i4 ,no4 #hj2 ,a4 ,ma*iels1 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts1 ,nov4 #aiaa1 heliotype4 ,footnote #cfg3 ,inscrib$ 8,viro ,lit]atissimo ,petro ,egidio ,amico ,*>issimo ,antu]pi40 ,footnote #cfh3 ,eng4 by ,f4 ,leuw]s1 #ahgc4 ,= a description & hi/ory ( ! two pictures1 see ,h4 ,b>clay ,squire1 9 ,"l ,radnor's ,catalogue1 note to ,no4 #hj1 vol4 i4 pp4 #dd1 #de4 ,footnote #cfi3 ,law1 ,royal ,gall]y ( ,hampton ,c\rt1 #ahih1 p4 #bae4 ,footnote #cgj3 ,a poor reproduction ( ?is portrait--:i* ,wornum 7p4 #adc7 reg>d$ z a f9e1 g5u9e "w by ,holbe91 b 9 "s ( its details recall+ ,metsys--accompanies ,m4 ,h5ri ,hymans' article 8,qu5t9 ,metsys et son ,portrait d',erasme10 9 ! ,bullet9 des ,commissions ,royales d',art et d',ar*ologie1 #ahhb2 reproduc$ also by ,j4 ,r4 ,ha>haus1 8,bildnisse des ,erasmus10 ,zeits4 fr bild4 ,kun/1 ,nov4 #ahih4 ,footnote #cga3 ,see ,&r ,ma*iels1 8,les ,portraits d',erasme10 ,gazette des ,beaux-,arts1 ,novemb] #aiaa1 pp4 #cdi-fa1 :o reproduces ! ,rome portrait2 also ,w4 ,b>clay ,squire1 ,"l ,radnor's ,catalogue1 addit4 note to ,no4 #hj4 ,footnote #cgb3 ,"o ( ^! draw+s is 9 ! collection ( ,m4 ,lon ,bonnat1 ,p>is1 & is reproduc$ 9 ! ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts1 #ahgi1 i4 p4 #bfi4 ,footnote #cgc3 ,reproduc$ by ,a4 ,ma*iels1 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts1 ,nov4 #aiaa1 p4 #cee4 ,footnote #cgd3 ,see ,app5dix 7,e74 ,footnote #cge3 ,accord+ to ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 i4 p4 #cdd1 ! pictures 7 8alt]$0 by ,von ,/e5wyck = ,k+ ,*>les4 ,footnote #cgf3 ,wornum1 p4 #adj4 ,footnote #cgg3 ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures at ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 #aija1 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #cgh3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bjg4 ,footnote #cgi3 ,see ,app5dix 7,e74 ,footnote #chj3 ,see ,a4 ,horawitz1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 viii4 p4 #abh4 ,quot$ by ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bhf4 ,footnote #cha3 ,f4 ,m4 ,ni*ols1 ,proce$+s ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies1 second s]ies1 xvii4 ,no4 ,i41 pp4 #acb-ade4 ,footnote #chb3 ,woltmann1 #bad4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 frontispiece2 ,sir ,claude ,phillips1 ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahig1 p4 #ajb2 ,e>l ( ,radnor's ,catalogue1 ,no4 #ha2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #cg2 ,ma*iels1 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts1 ,nov4 #aiaa1 p4 #ceg4 ,exhibit$ ,royal ,academy ,w9t] ,exhib41 #ahgc1 ,no4 #agh4 ,footnote #chc3 ,9 ,jahrb*] des ,v]e9s von ,alt]?umsfreund5 im ,rhe9l&e1 #ahfh1 p4 #bfi1 quot$ by ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bhh4 ,= o!r read+s by ,grimm1 c41 see ,w4 ,b>clay ,squire 9 ,"l ,radnor's ,catalogue1 note to #ha4 ,footnote #chd3 ,see ,sir ,claude ,phillips1 ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahig1 p4 #ajc4 ,also ,waag51 ,gall]ies & ,cab9ets1 #aheg1 p4 #cef1 :o says t x is 8alone wor? a pilgrimage to ,long=d ,ca/le40 ,footnote #che3 ,woltmann1 #bcb4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #aaj2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xxiii4 ,footnote #chf3 ,woltmann1 #bca4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #aaj2 ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #af4 ,footnote #chg3 ,x is possibly ! portrait not$ by ,evelyn 9 8 ,di>y1 ,augu/ #aj1 #afee--8;,i w5t to ,alburie to visit ,mr4 ,h[>d4444 ,he %ew'd me _m r>e pictures1 p>ticul>ly 444 ,erasmus z big z ! life1 by ,holbe940 ,?is c\ld h>dly ref] to ! small ,grey/oke portrait4 ,footnote #chh3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bjf4 ,mr4 ,b>clay ,squire notes copies ( ,mr4 ,gay's v]sion 9 ! ,bodleian ,libr>y1 ,ox=d1 pres5t$ by ,sir ,james ,?ornhill 9 #agbh1 & "o 9 ,ar*bi%op ,t5ison's ,s*ool1 ,leice/] ,squ>e 7note to ,no4 #ha1 ,"l ,radnor's ,catalogue74 ,footnote #chi3 ,see ,colv91 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 xvi4 ,nov4 #aiji1 p4 #ga4 ,footnote #cij3 ,woltmann1 #bbd4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ajh2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #eb2 ,sir ,c4 ,phillips1 8,picture ,gall]y ( ,*>les ,i10 ,portfolio ,monograph1 #ahif1 p4 #bc2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ci4 ,footnote #cia3 ,! /udy = ?is h&1 9 ! ,l\vre1 has aleady be5 m5tion$ 7see ,pl4 #ee74 ,footnote #cib3 ,reproduc$ by ,cu/1 ,royal ,collection ( ,pa9t+s1 ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 ,pl4 #dg4 ,footnote #cic3 ,or p]haps ! small r\ndel at ,basel m5tion$ bel[4 ,footnote #cid3 ,vol4 xxix41 #ahhd1 p4 #dbc4 ,footnote #cie3 ,woltmann1 #ab4 ,reproduc$ by ,woltmann1 vol4 i4 p4 #cae1 fig4 #eg2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ch4 ,footnote #cif3 ,woltmann1 ii4 p4 #ii4 ,footnote #cig3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bij4 ,footnote #cih3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xxvi4 ,footnote #cii3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 pp4 xxv4-vi4 ,footnote #djj3 ,see ,app5dix 7,f74 ,footnote #dja3 ,he may h gone1 ( c\rse1 z ,ltzelburg]'s repres5tative4 ,footnote #djb3 ,woltmann1 #dd & #de4 ,footnote #djc3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r4 iii4 #be2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ec4 ,footnote #djd3 ,see ,*apt] xxi41 ,vol4 ii4 p4 #ach et seq4 ,footnote #dje3 ,see ,vol4 ii4 p4 #afb4 ,footnote #djf3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 xvi41 ,novemb] #aiji1 frontispiece2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ia4 ,footnote #djg3 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 xvi41 ,novemb] #aiji1 pp4 #fg-ga4 ,footnote #djh3 ,only "o ( ^! has ,holbe9's "n atta*$ to x 9 ! ,arundel inv5tory ( #afee4 ,! two are ent]$ z 8,erasmo di ,holbe90 & 8,ritratto d',erasmo ,rot]odamo40 ,see above1 p4 #aga1 note #d4 ,footnote #dji3 ,reproduc$ 9 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 xvi41 ,novemb] #aiji4 ,footnote #daj3 ,woltmann1 #bdj4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #hf4 ,footnote #daa3 ,! mu* inf]ior v]sion 9 ! ,besanon ,museum 7reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bae7 is an almo/ exact replica ( ! ,p>ma picture4 ,footnote #dab3 ,see ,m4 ,curtze1 ,beiblatt d] ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 #ahgd1 ix4 #ecg ff42 ,woltmann1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ae2 & ,colv91 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #fh4 ,footnote #dac3 ,woltmann1 #ac4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #aab2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aad2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ij4 ,footnote #dad3 ,woltmann1 #bc4 ,footnote #dae3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bad2 ! h&s & body foll[ ! ,long=d picture1 :ile ! head is l ! ,p>ma v]sion4 ,footnote #daf3 ,woltmann1 #bej4 ,reproduc$ by ,&r ,ma*iels1 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts1 ,novemb] #aiaa1 p4 #cei1 :o reg>ds x z an orig9al "w by ,holbe94 ,footnote #dag3 ,woltmann1 #aga4 ,footnote #dah3 ,woltmann1 #bjg4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ea4 ,footnote #dai3 ,woltmann1 #bjf4 ,reproduc$ by ,woltmann1 i4 #ceg1 fig4 #fc2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aab2 ,ma*iels1 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts1 ,novemb] #aiaa1 p4 #ceh2 & else:]e4 ,footnote #dbj3 ,reproduc$ by ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures 9 ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 viii4 p4 #bg1 & 9 ,royal ,gall]y ( ,hampton ,c\rt1 p4 #bbj2 ,sir ,c4 ,phillips1 8,! ,picture ,gall]y ( ,*>les ,i10 ,portfolio ,monograph1 #ahif1 p4 #aaa2 ,davies1 p4 #bh2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bjg4 ,footnote #dba3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bjh4 ,footnote #dbb3 ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures1 c41 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #dbc3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bhi4 ,footnote #dbd3 ,knackfuss1 p4 #gh4 ,footnote #dbe3 ,woltmann1 #afd4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aac2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ib4 ,footnote #dbf3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ib4 ,footnote #dbg3 ,on ?is po9t see ,koegl]1 ,jahrbu* d4 ,pr4 ,k4-,s41 #aiaa1 & ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bci4 ,footnote #dbh3 ,woltmann1 ii4 p4 #cei4 ,footnote #dbi3 ,woltmann1 #dc4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ej 79 col\rs71 & ,holbe91 frontispiece2 ,davies1 p4 #ajj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ba2 ,wornum1 frontispiece1 eng4 by ,c4 ,w4 ,%>pe4 ,footnote #dcj3 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bcb1 ?is cutt+-out 0 9 all probability done 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 :5 at ! same "t ! hat & mantle 7 fre%5$ ) wat]-col\rs4 ,footnote #dca3 ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out 7,holbe91 p4 #bcb71 t x 0 n until aft] 8 j\rney into ,france1 9 #aebc-d1 t he made use ( col\r$ *alks 9 8 draw+s4 ,footnote #dcb3 ,ano!r draw+ ( ?is p]iod 9 ! ,basel ,gall]y1 ! ,"y ,man ) ! big hat1 is describ$ 9 ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #bei-fj4 ,footnote #dcc3 ,includ+ ,woltmann1 9 ! fir/ edition ( 8 book1 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #bje4 ,footnote #dcd3 ,! same initials occur on ! title-page to ,hall's ,*ronicle1 #aedh4 ,see ,vol4 ii4 p4 #gi4 ,footnote #dce3 ,woltmann1 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #bje4 ,footnote #dcf3 ,see ,campbell ,dodgson1 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 x41 ,feb4 #aijg1 pp4 #cai-bb2 also ! same writ]'s ,catalogue ( ,e>ly ,g]man & ,flemi% ,woodcuts 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 vol4 ii41 #aiaa1 p4 #bie1 c4 ,footnote #dcg3 ,see ,81 8,hans ,ltzelburg]10 c41 9 ,gazette des ,beaux-,arts1 #b;e ,priode1 vol4 iv4 pp4 #dha-i 7,decemb] #ahga74 ,footnote #dch3 ,mr4 ,fr$]ic ,lees1 h[ev]1 m5tions z cle>ly by ,holbe91 8a draw+ = ! celebrat$ ,dance ( ,dea? s]ies1 & ! only "o ( ! =ty :i* n[ exi/s10 :i* is 9 ! collection ( ,m4 ,emile ,waut]s 9 ,p>is4--,! ,/udio1 vol4 li4 ,no4 #bac1 p4 #bac 7,decemb] #aiaj74 ,footnote #dci3 ,see pp4 #dd-e & ,pl4 #aa4 ,footnote #ddj3 ,woltmann1 #bbc4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,die ,b*]-,ornam5tik d] ,r5aissance1 ,pl4 #de2 & by ,mantz1 ,hans ,holbe91 p4 #bf4 ,footnote #dda3 ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 ,h54 ,,viii1 vol4 ii4 pt4 i4 #bedj4 ,footnote #ddb3 ,woltmann1 ,a4 ,h41 #d4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,pl4 #dc4 ,already us$ by ,frob5 9 m ?an "o book 9 ! previ\s ye> 7#aeag74 ,footnote #ddc3 ,woltmann1 #bag1 #bah4 ,see p4 #aaa4 ,footnote #ddd3 ,woltmann1 #bbg4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,pl4 #ed2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ej2 ,mantz1 p4 #dc4 ,footnote #dde3 ,woltmann1 #bae4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,pl4 #eg4 ,footnote #ddf3 ,woltmann1 #baf4 ,footnote #ddg3 ,woltmann1 #ahd-g4 ,footnote #ddh3 ,woltmann1 #ahh-ia4 ,footnote #ddi3 ,woltmann1 #aib4 ,reproduc$ 9 ,holbe91 8,great ,engrav]s0 ,s]ies 7,a4 ,m4 ,h9d71 #aiab4 ,footnote #dej3 ,woltmann1 #bac4 ,footnote #dea3 ,woltmann1 #aej-gj4 ,footnote #deb3 ,see ,woltmann1 i4 #bah-bj4 ,footnote #dec3 ,woltmann1 #aga4 ,footnote #ded3 ,woltmann1 #bbf4 ,footnote #dee3 ,woltmann1 #bab4 ,footnote #def3 ,woltmann1 #aie1 #aif4 ,reproduc$ by ,woltmann1 i4 pp4 #bcg-ch4 ,footnote #deg3 ,woltmann1 #bca4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,pl4 #fd2 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bjj4 ,footnote #deh3 ,woltmann1 #bcb4 ,reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,pl4 #fd2 ,wornum1 p4 #ac1 c4 ,footnote #dei3 ,woltmann1 #bcc4 ,footnote #dfj3 ,woltmann1 #bec4 ,f\r ( ! lett]s reproduc$ by ,woltmann1 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #bah4 ,footnote #dfa3 ,woltmann1 #bed4 ,footnote #dfb3 ,woltmann1 #bee-i4 ,footnote #dfc3 ,woltmann1 #bea4 ,footnote #dfd3 ,woltmann1 #bff-h4 ,footnote #dfe3 ,woltmann1 #bch;a1 #bch;b4 ,footnote #dff3 ,woltmann1 #bci-da4 ,footnote #dfg3 ,woltmann1 #bdb1 #bdc4 ,footnote #dfh3 ,woltmann1 #bdd1 #bde4 ,footnote #dfi3 ,woltmann1 #bdf-h4 ,footnote #dgj3 ,woltmann1 #bdi4 ,a numb] ( ^! m>ks reproduc$ by ,buts*1 ,pls4 #ej1 #ea4 ,footnote #dga3 ,see ,app5dix 7,g74 ,footnote #dgb3 ,woltmann1 #bji4 ,footnote #dgc3 ,woltmann1 #bje4 ,footnote #dgd3 ,see ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #gf-i4 ,footnote #dge3 ,see ,woltmann1 i4 *ap4 xi42 ,*atto1 ,treatise on ,wood ,engrav+1 ed4 ,bohn1 *ap4 vi42 ,d\ce1 ,dance ( ,dea?1 #aheh1 pp4 #cj-cg4 ,footnote #dgf3 ,woltmann1 #ib-adi4 ,footnote #dgg3 ,see p4 #aij4 ,footnote #dgh3 ,*atto1 ,a ,treatise on ,wood ,engrav+1 ed4 #ahfa1 pp4 #ccj-a4 ,footnote #dgi3 ,see ,woltmann1 i4 #bfi4 ,footnote #dhj3 ,see ,campbell ,dodgson1 ,catalogue ( ,e>ly ,g]man & ,flemi% ,woodcuts1 c41 vol4 ii4 p4 #bjg4 ,! cut ( 8,! ,du*ess0 has ! date #aedb1 & t ( 8,! ,advocate0 ! engrav]'s monogram1 ,,hve1 f :i* x appe>s t ,jo/ de ,negk] did n cut ! blocks himself1 b 0 only ! publi%]4 ,footnote #dha3 ,see introductory note by ,au/9 ,dobson to ! edition publi%$ by ,george ,bell ,sons1 #ahih4 ,! :ole set reproduc$ by ,mantz1 pp4 #hc-hg2 & by ,davies1 pp4 #aif-bjj1 f ! pro(s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum2 & 9 ,he9emann's 8,great ,engrav]s0 ,s]ies1 ,holbe91 ed4 ,a4 ,m4 ,h9d1 #aiab1 :i* includes ! cuts ( ! #aefb edition4 ,footnote #dhb3 ,*atto1 ,treatise1 c41 pp4 #cbd-e4 ,footnote #dhc3 ,*atto1 ,treatise1 c41 p4 #cfe2 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bdj2 ,wornum1 p4 #be4 ,footnote #dhd3 ,woltmann1 #beb4 ,! set reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #aid2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ga2 & else:]e4 ,!y are us$ z ! initial lett]s 9 ?is book4 ,footnote #dhe3 ,woltmann1 #a-ia4 ,! :ole s]ies reproduc$ by ,mantz1 pp4 #ib-ajh2 &1 ) ! exception ( sev51 by ,a4 ,m4 ,h9d1 9 ,holbe91 8,great ,engrav]s0 s]ies1 #aiab2 ?irte5 by ,davies1 p4 #ahh4 ,footnote #dhf3 ,*atto1 ,treatise1 c41 p4 #cff4 ,footnote #dhg3 ,woltmann1 #a/ ed41 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #bcc4 ,footnote #dhh3 ,a consid]able numb] ( ! subjects appe> to h be5 sugge/$ to ,holbe9 by ! small woodcuts 9 ! ,mal]mi ,bible1 publi%$ 9 ,v5ice 9 #adij1 :i*1 9 turn1 _h be5 m or less adapt$ f ! ,cologne ,bible ( #adhj2 b ! mat]ial s us$ by ,holbe9 0 completely trans=m$ by ! magic ( 8 p5cil4 ,see ,a4 ,m4 ,h9d1 ,holbe91 9 8,great ,engrav]s0 s]ies1 p4 #aj4 ,footnote #dhi3 ,see pp4 #afj-a4 ,footnote #dij3 ,woltmann1 #bea4 ,footnote #dia3 ,woltmann1 i4 #caf4 ,footnote #dib3 ,woltmann1 #adc4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #hi2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #fe2 & else:]e4 ,footnote #dic3 ,dr4 ,ganz po9ts out ! resemblance betwe5 ?is picture & ,mantegna's 8,madonna ( ,victory0 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,9 ! latt] ! kneel+ suppliants are also protect$ by ! ,virg9's cloak1 & ! movem5t ( h] h&1 out/ret*$ 9 b5$iction ov] ,gonzaga's head1 is j ! same z t ( ! ,infant ,*ri/ 9 ! ,mey] votive picture 7,holbe91 p4 xxviii474 ,footnote #did3 ,woltmann1 #dj-db4 ,footnote #die3 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ij2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #hf4 ,footnote #dif3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #ah 79 col\r72 ,davies1 p4 #ib2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #hg4 ,footnote #dig3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #ef2 ,davies1 p4 #id2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #hh4 ,footnote #dih3 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #hh2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ij2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bji4 ,footnote #dii3 ,see ,wornum1 p4 #aff2 ,woltmann1 i4 pp4 #cjj-ad4 ,footnote #ejj3 ,decemb] #ahga1 iv41 #bnd p]iod1 pp4 #eaf-ai4 ,footnote #eja3 ,woltmann1 ii4 pp4 #di-ej4 ,see ,app5dix 7,e74 ,footnote #ejb3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bif4 ,footnote #ejc3 ,wornum1 p4 #aga4 ,footnote #ejd3 ,anzeig] fr ,s*weiz4 ,alt]tumskunde1 ,n4 ,f4 xii4 #d4 ,s>burgh pa9t$ a portrait ( ,remigius ,faes*4 ,see ,app5dix 7,e74 ,footnote #eje3 ,sa9sbury1 ,orig9al unpubli%$ ,pap]s1 illu/rative ( ! ,life ( ,p4 ,p4 ,rub5s1 c41 #ahei1 ,app5dix1 ,no4 liii4 p4 #bij4 ,quot$ by ,wornum1 p4 #agj4 ,footnote #ejf3 ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #bih2 ii4 p4 #ef4 ,footnote #ejg3 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,dresd5 copy1 giv5 bel[1 be>s out ?is supposition4 ,footnote #ejh3 ,else:]e he speaks ( x z ! six?4 ,footnote #eji3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 i4 #ic4 ,footnote #eaj3 ,rusk91 8,sir ,jo%ua & ,holbe910 ,cornhill ,magaz9e1 ,m>* #ahfj1 p4 #cbh2 repr9t$ 9 ,on ! ,old ,road1 vol4 i4 pt4 i41 pp4 #bba-bcf4 ,footnote #eaa3 ,davies1 p4 #id-e4 ,footnote #eab3 ,see p4 #aeh4 ,footnote #eac3 ,%e 01 h[ev]1 born 9 #aejh1 & s w\ld be too "y = ! lady ( ^! pictures4 ,footnote #ead3 ,woltmann1 #ag4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ia2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #dj4 ,footnote #eae3 ,woltmann1 #ah4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #ajb2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ib2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #da4 ,footnote #eaf3 ,woltmann1 #a/ ed41 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #bhi4 ,omitt$ 9 #bnd ed4 ,footnote #eag3 ,wornum1 p4 #afc4 ,footnote #eah3 ,mrs4 ,g4 ,=tescue1 ,holbe91 p4 #aje-f4 ,footnote #eai3 ,t4 de ,wyzewa1 8 propos d'un ,livre n\veau sur ,holbe9 le ,jeune10 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 #ae? ,jan4 #aiab4 ,footnote #ebj3 ,see pp4 #gi & #acg-h4 ,footnote #eba3 ,knackfuss1 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #ebb3 ,wornum1 pp4 #afb-d4 ,footnote #ebc3 ,davies1 pp4 #ajb-c4 ,footnote #ebd3 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 iv4 ,no4 xi4 7,feb4 #aijd7 p4 #ahg4 ,footnote #ebe3 ,see p4 #bcc4 ,footnote #ebf3 ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & ,pap]s1 c41 ,h54 ,,viii1 iv4 ,pt4 i4 #aedg4 ,footnote #ebg3 ,see p4 #bb4 ,footnote #ebh3 ,woltmann1 #a/ ed41 ,eng4 trans41 p4 #bib4 ,footnote #ebi3 ,erasmi ,op]a1 iii4 #iea4 ,footnote #ecj3 ,cal5d>s ( ,lett]s & pap]s1 c41 ,h54 ,,viii1 i4 preface1 p4 xxv4 ,footnote #eca3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #bjec4 ,footnote #ecb3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #egbj4 ,footnote #ecc3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 ii4 ,pt4 ii41 ,revels ,acc\nts1 p4 #adii4 ,footnote #ecd3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #died4 ,footnote #ece3 #ah? ,april #aebj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 i4 #gej4 ,footnote #ecf3 #ba/ ,may #aebj4 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 i4 #hbe4 ,footnote #ecg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 ii41 ,revels ,acc\nts1 p4 #aeea4 ,footnote #ech3 ,memoir ( ,h5ry ,fitz,roy1 ,duke ( ,ri*mond & ,som]set1 ,camd5 ,society1 #ahee1 p4 #hg4 ,footnote #eci3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 ii4 #ceag4 ,footnote #edj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 i4 #ife4 ,footnote #eda3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 ii4 #cefd4 ,footnote #edb3 ,j4 ,g\gh ,ni*ols1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 pp4 #bc-be 7#ahfb74 ,footnote #edc3 ,see ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #be4 ,footnote #edd3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes ( ,pa9t+1 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 i4 #fd4 ,footnote #ede3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #aaci 7#cj74 ,footnote #edf3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses ( ,h54 ,,viii1 ,feb4 #aecb4 ,footnote #edg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #ieb4 ,footnote #edh3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 x4 #iad4 ,footnote #edi3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiv4 ,pt4 ii4 #bch4 ,footnote #eej3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiv4 ,pt4 ii4 #ghb 7p4 #ccf74 ,footnote #eea3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #adhi 7f4 #ahh74 ,footnote #eeb3 ,j4 ,g\gh ,ni*ols1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #bg4 ,footnote #eec3 ,see p4 #bgf4 ,footnote #eed3 ,j4 ,g\gh ,ni*ols1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #eee3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes ( ,pa9t+1 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 p4 #fb4 ,footnote #eef3 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #eeg3 ,wornum1 p4 #bb4 ,footnote #eeh3 ,lionel ,cu/1 ,introductory ,notes to ! ,catalogue ( ! ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhibition ( ,e>ly ,engli% ,portraiture1 #aiji1 pp4 #dg1 #dh4 ,footnote #eei3 ,see ,ni*ols1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #bi4 ,footnote #efj3 ,lionel ,cu/1 ,introductory ,notes1 ,catg4 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib4 ,e>ly ,engli% ,portraiture1 #aiji1 p4 #dh4 ,footnote #efa3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 vii4 #ibb 7#ad & #ae74 ,footnote #efb3 ,wornum1 p4 #cb4 ,footnote #efc3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 ii4 #cafi4 ,footnote #efd3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 i4 #baeb4 ,footnote #efe3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 ii4 #ddce1 #degb1 #degd-gg1 #dfeb4 ,footnote #eff3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 iii4 #eafc4 ,footnote #efg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 ii4 #eaag4 ,footnote #efh3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #igh 7#ae74 ,footnote #efi3 ,loseley ,manuscripts4 ,footnote #egj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiii4 ,pt4 ii4 #abhj1 f4 #ee b4 ,footnote #ega3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #efjd4 ,footnote #egb3 ,see ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #bch-i4 ,footnote #egc3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #cje 7#be74 ,footnote #egd3 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 ,no4 #bi4 ,footnote #ege3 ,lionel ,cu/1 ,introductory ,notes1 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib4 ,catg41 #a1 #aiji1 pp4 #de1 #df4 ,footnote #egf3 ,see also ,s*>f1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 pp4 #dg-i4 ,footnote #egg3 ,see ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 xiv41 ,m>* #aiji1 pp4 #cff-h4 ,footnote #egh3 ,see ,cu/1 ,catg4 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 p4 #fj4 ,footnote #egi3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #gge4 ,footnote #ehj3 ,see ,m4 ,digby ,wyatt1 8,on ! ,=eign ,arti/s employ$ 9 ,engl& dur+ ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury10 ,transactions ( ! ,royal ,in/itute ( ,briti% ,ar*itects1 #ahfh1 p4 #bbj4 ,footnote #eha3 ,cu/1 ,catg4 ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhibition1 #aiji1 p4 #fa4 ,footnote #ehb3 ,cu/1 p4 #fa4 ,footnote #ehc3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #egbj4 ,footnote #ehd3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 i4 #died4 ,footnote #ehe3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 ii4 ,pt4 ii4 p4 #adfa4 ,footnote #ehf3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 ii4 ,pt4 ii4 p4 #adgb4 ,footnote #ehg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 ii4 ,pt4 ii4 #chfb4 ,footnote #ehh3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 i4 #hbf4 ,see p4 #bei4 ,footnote #ehi3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 i4 #cff4 ,footnote #eij3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 ,pt4 ii4 #cajd4 ,footnote #eia3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses4 ,footnote #eib3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #fhf4 ,footnote #eic3 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #eid3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,treasur] ( ! ,*amb]'s ,acc\nts1 p4 #cje4 ,footnote #eie3 ,see above1 p4 #bgc4 ,footnote #eif3 ,transactions ( ! ,royal ,in/itute ( ,briti% ,ar*itects1 p4 #bbg4 ,footnote #eig3 ,lewis ,e9/e91 ,! ,italian ,r5aissance 9 ,engl&1 #aijb1 p4 #aif1 & ,cu/1 ,catg4 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 p4 #fd4 ,footnote #eih3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 #ieb 7p4 #ddf74 ,footnote #eii3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,treasur] ( ! ,*amb]'s ,acc\nts1 p4 #cjg4 ,footnote #fjj3 ,mr4 ,cu/ gives 8 sal>y z #bj p] annum1 b ! entry 9 ! acc\nts is always #ccs4 #d;d4 a qu>t]1 n a mon?1 ?\gh ?is1 ( c\rse1 may be an error ( book-keep+4 ,footnote #fja3 ,see ,m4 ,digby ,wyatt1 ,transactions1 c41 p4 #bbe4 ,footnote #fjb3 ,transactions1 c41 p4 #bbe4 ,footnote #fjc3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,treasur] ( ! ,*amb]'s ,acc\nts1 p4 #cai4 ,footnote #fjd3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses1 ,m>* #aeca4 8,to ,an?ony ,p5e & ,b>tilmew ,tate1 paynt]s1 = !r lyv]ay at #bbs4 #f;d4 a pece1 #des40 ,footnote #fje3 ,vol4 c4 #f1 #ab4 ,quot$ by ,wornum1 p4 #bjd1 note4 ,footnote #fjf3 ,hampton ,c\rt ,acc\nts1 ,wornum1 p4 #bje1 note4 ,footnote #fjg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses4 ,footnote #fjh3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiii4 ,pt4 i4 #acji 7#ce74 ,footnote #fji3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiv4 ,pt4 ii4 #ghb 7p4 #cce74 ,footnote #faj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiii4 ,pt4 ii4 #ifg 7#df74 ,footnote #faa3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiii4 ,pt4 ii4 #abhj 7f4 #ec;b74 ,footnote #fab3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #adhi 7f4 #afe74 ,footnote #fac3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #ggi 7#ah74 ,footnote #fad3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvii4 #abea 7#ac74 ,footnote #fae3 ,loseley ,manuscripts1 edit4 ,kempe1 pp4 #ha1 #hd1 #hi4 ,footnote #faf3 ,ar*ologia1 xii4 pp4 #cha1 #cia4 ,footnote #fag3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 ii4 #bdhf4 ,footnote #fah3 ,see ,j4 ,g\gh ,ni*ols1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #ch3 & ,cu/1 ,catg4 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 p4 #fc4 ,footnote #fai3 ,see ,dimi]1 ,fr5* ,pa9t+ 9 ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury1 pp4 #aae1 #aaf4 ,footnote #fbj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #acjh 7#d74 ,footnote #fba3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 ,pt4 i4 #acee4 ,footnote #fbb3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,treasur] ( ! ,*amb]'s ,acc\nts1 p4 #cje4 ,footnote #fbc3 ,catg4 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 p4 #fe4 ,footnote #fbd3 ,see ,dimi]1 ,fr5* ,pa9t+ 9 ! ,sixte5? ,c5tury1 pp4 #fj1 #hf4 ,also ! same writ]'s ,le ,primatice1 #aijj4 ,! "n 0 sometimes spelt ,bel94 ,footnote #fbe3 p4 #ge4 ,footnote #fbf3 ,quot$ 9 ,burl+ton ,gazette1 ,,ii4 i4 ,may #aijc1 p4 #ee4 ,footnote #fbg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiii41 ,pt4 ii4 #abhj 7f4 #dg;b74 ,footnote #fbh3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xiv4 ,pt4 ii4 #gha 7f4 #fh74 ,footnote #fbi3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #cg4 ,footnote #fcj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #ei4 ,footnote #fca3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #fj4 ,footnote #fcb3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #hb4 ,footnote #fcc3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #aae4 ,footnote #fcd3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #afc1 #afh4 ,footnote #fce3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #ahb4 ,footnote #fcf3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #bgf4 ,see also ,app5dix 7,h74 ,footnote #fcg3 ,see ,app5dix 7,h74 ,footnote #fch3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #cjh 7f4 #aai;b74 ,footnote #fci3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 xvi4 #acjh 7#e74 ,footnote #fdj3 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #cg4 ,footnote #fda3 ,loseley ,manuscripts1 8,revels at ,hampton1 #af ,july to #f ,sep41 #ch ,h54 ,,viii40 ,footnote #fdb3 ,loseley ,manuscripts1 8,coronation ( ,ed4 ,,vi40 ,footnote #fdc3 ,loseley ,manuscripts1 8,%rovetide ,revels1 #b ,ed4 ,,vi40 ,footnote #fdd3 ,quot$ by ,ni*ols1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #cg4 ,footnote #fde3 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 p4 #ee4 ,footnote #fdf3 ,cu/1 ,cat4 ,burl4 ,f4,a4 ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 p4 #fd2 ,national ,gall]y ,catalogue4 ,footnote #fdg3 ,vas>i1 z quot$ by ,s*>f1 ,ar*ologia1 xxxix4 pp4 #ec1 #ed4 ,footnote #fdh3 ,see above1 p4 #bde4 ,footnote #fdi3 ,davies1 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #fej3 ,see page #bde4 ,davies1 p4 #id4 ,footnote #fea3 ,see bel[1 p4 #cae4 ,footnote #feb3 ,see p4 #afi4 ,footnote #fec3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 i4 #ahbf2 ,erasmi ,op]a1 iii4 #iea4 ,footnote #fed3 ,proce$+s ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies1 ,second ,s]ies1 xvii4 ,no4 i4 pp4 #acb-ade4 ,footnote #fee3 ,proce$+s1 ,second ,s]ies1 xvi4 ,no4 iii4 pp4 #cba-cbg4 ,footnote #fef3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 i4 #ij4 ,! six? picture to :i* he ref]s is ! ,mey] ,madonna4 ,footnote #feg3 ,woltmann1 #ce4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aib1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #ee1 & ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #bc2 ,davies1 p4 #aaf2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ic4 ,footnote #feh3 ,engrav$ by ,dean = ,! ,bij\1 #ahbi4 ,footnote #fei3 ,"o ( ! v]sions ( ! picture 0 9 ! ,e>l ( ,arundel's collection1 & is ent]$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8,tomaso ,moro con la sua famiglia40 ,9 ! same collection !re 0 a portrait ( ,m's son1 ent]$ z 8,il figliolo de ,tomaso ,moro10 b )\t ! "n ( ! arti/4 ,see ,app5dix 7,i7 = ! hi/ory ( ! ,no/ell picture4 ,footnote #ffj3 ,rop]'s ,life & ,dea? ( ,sir ,?omas ,m1 c41 ed4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,lewis1 #agca1 p4 #afi4 ,footnote #ffa3 ,! heads 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection4 ,footnote #ffb3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 p4 #ib4 ,footnote #ffc3 ,wornum1 p4 #bdd4 ,footnote #ffd3 ,woltmann1 #a/ ed41 ,eng4 trans1 p4 #cbb4 ,= ,v]tue's acc\nt1 see ,app5dix 7,i74 ,footnote #ffe3 ,nos4 lviii4 & lix41 8,no/ell ,priory1 ,wakefield10 ,a!num1 ,sept4 #ah1 #be1 #ahhj4 ,footnote #fff3 ,see pp4 #caa-af4 ,footnote #ffg3 ,woltmann1 i4 #cej1 note4 ,footnote #ffh3 ,wornum1 pp4 #bca-bdf4 ,footnote #ffi3 ,see ,app5dix 7,i74 ,footnote #fgj3 ,wornum1 pp4 #bde-f4 ,footnote #fga3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aic4 ,footnote #fgb3 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,w4 ,rob]ts1 ,memorials ( ,*ri/ie's1 #ahig1 vol4 i4 p4 #ha1 ! measurem5ts ( ! picture1 z giv5 9 ! sale catalogue ( #ahjh1 are #aj ft4 by #ae ft4 ,footnote #fgc3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! catalogue1 p4 #bad4 ,footnote #fgd3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 p4 #ib4 ,footnote #fge3 ,vol4 iii4 pt4 i4 p4 #dij4 ,footnote #fgf3 ,woltmann1 #bge2 ,wornum1 i4 #f2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #d4 ,footnote #fgg3 ,woltmann1 #bgf2 ,wornum1 i4 #db2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #g4 ,footnote #fgh3 ,wrongly inscrib$ 8,! ,lady ,b>kley40 ,woltmann1 #bgh2 ,wornum1 ii4 #cd2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #e4 ,footnote #fgi3 ,woltmann1 #bgi2 ,wornum1 ii4 #ab2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #f4 ,footnote #fhj3 ,woltmann1 #bgg2 ,wornum1 ii4 #ce2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #h4 ,footnote #fha3 ,wrongly inscrib$ 8,"m ,jak40 ,woltmann1 #bhj2 ,wornum1 ii4 #dj2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #i4 ,footnote #fhb3 ,woltmann1 #bgc1 #bgd2 ,wornum1 i4 #c1 #d2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #c & ii4 #ah4 ,footnote #fhc3 ,woltmann1 #bjg4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #aah2 ,catalogue ( ! ,tudor ,exhibition1 #ahij1 p4 #dd2 ,a4 ,f4 ,poll>d1 ,h5ry ,,viii1 p4 #aad2 ,burl+ton ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib4 ,catg41 ,pl4 xviii42 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #fi4 ,! portrait is n[ 9 ,am]ica4 ,see ,app5dix 7,i74 ,footnote #fhd3 ,catg4 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib41 #aiji1 p4 #ie4 ,! entry 9 ! ,lumley inv5tory is--8,( ,sir ,?omas ,moore1 ,lo4 ,*ancellor1 drawne by ,haunce ,holbyn40 ,footnote #fhe3 ,"o ( ^! copies 0 9 #ahfg 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,j4 ,ey/on1 ( ,ea/ ,h5dr$ 7,wornum1 p4 #bdf71 & a second 9 ! collection ( ! ,m>quis ( ,lo?ian4 ,!re 0 a small circul> portrait ( ,m1 on wood1 #d 94 9 diamet]1 9 ,*>les ,i's collection 7,no4 #dh71 9 a black cap1 furr$ g[n1 & r$ sleeves4 ,evelyn notes 9 8 ,di>y1 "u ! date ,feb4 #ae?1 #afdi3--8,sir ,william ,ducy %ew'd me "s excell5t ?+s 9 m9iature1 & 9 oyle ( ,holbe9's ,sir ,?o4 ,m's head40 ,among ! num]\s copies 9 exi/5ce is "o by ,rub5s 9 ! ,prado1 ,madrid4 ,a portrait ( ,m1 8inve/$ ) ! coll> ( ! ,g>t]1 by ,holbe92 ^u a p$e/al is inscrib$ ! date1 ,,mdxxvii10 0 includ$ 9 ! sale ( ! ,duke ( ,b$=d's pictures f ,woburn ,abbey1 on #cj? ,june #ahbg1 & fet*$ #gj gu9eas4 ,footnote #fhf3 ,see p4 #cce4 ,footnote #fhg3 ,mr4 ,w4 ,f4 ,dickes1 h[ev]1 reproduces x 9 8 book1 ,holbe9's 8,ambassadors0 ,unriddl$1 p4 #hj1 z a portrait by ,holbe9 ( ! ,c\nt ,palat9e ,philipp6 ,engrav$ by ,vor/]man z a portrait ( ,m by ,holbe94 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bbe4 ,footnote #fhh3 ,a!num1 ,june #ai1 #ahhf1 ,no4 #cjfj1 p4 #hbj4 ,footnote #fhi3 ,quot$ by ,wornum1 p4 #bdh4 ,footnote #fij3 ,wornum1 pp4 #bdh1 #bdi4 ,footnote #fia3 ,il ,microcosmo della ,pittura1 #afeg1 ii4 #bfe4 ,footnote #fib3 ,hi/ory ( ,portrait ,m9iatures1 #aijd1 vol4 i4 p4 #h4 ,footnote #fic3 ,reproduc$ 9 ,dr4 ,williamson's book1 ,pl4 iii4 ,no4 #b1 & 9 col\rs 9 ! dition de luxe ( ,mr4 ,pi]pont ,morgan's ,catalogue1 ,no4 #e2 & by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bbg 7#a71 :o includes x among ! copies aft] ,holbe94 ,footnote #fid3 ,9 ! exhibition ( m9iatures held at ,s\? ,k5s+ton 9 #ahfe !re 0 "o ( 8,alicia1 wife ( ,sir ,?omas ,m10 attribut$ to ,holbe91 l5t by ,mr4 ,j4 ,heywood ,hawk9s 7,no4 #aadf74 ,footnote #fie3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib4 ,catg41 ,pl4 xiv2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aid4 ,footnote #fif3 ,reproduc$ by ,vas>i ,society1 ,pt4 i4 ,no4 #ca2 ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib4 ,catg41 ,pl4 xxix4 ,footnote #fig3 ,daily ,telegraph1 #bcrd ,m>* #aiaj4 ,footnote #fih3 ,reproduc$ 9 ,! ,ance/or1 vi41 ,june #aijc4 ,footnote #fii3 ,! draw+ 9 ! ,w9dsor ,collection inscrib$ 8,lady ,h5egham0 be>s consid]able lik5ess to ! ,m>g>et ,rop] ( ! ,basel sket*1 & "s writ]s hold t x repres5ts h]1 & t x is a /udy = ! ,family ,gr\p4 ,! position1 h[ev]1 9 ! ,w9dsor /udy is exactly rev]s$1 ! sitt] be+ %[n 9 pr(ile to ! "r1 s t x is n probable t x 0 a prelim9>y draw+ = ! big gr\p4 ,?\gh ! resemblance is m>k$1 x is n s close z t betwe5 ! 8,que5 ,ka!r9e0 portrait at ,knole & ! ,basel sket*1 & ! same criticism applies to ! ornam5ts & dress1 :i* 9 ! two la/-nam$ are id5tical1 :]eas ! 8,lady ,h5egham0 draw+ %[s diff]5ces1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! jewell]y4 ,see also vol4 ii4 p4 #beh4 ,! "q ( ! au?or%ip ( ! v>i\s v]sions ( ! ,m ,family ,gr\p is dealt ) m fully 9 ,app5dix 7,i74 ,footnote #gjj3 ,proce$+s ( ! ,society ( ,antiqu>ies1 ,second ,s]ies1 vol4 xvii4 ,no4 i4 pp4 #acb-ade1 f :i* ! quotations f ,hall1 & o!r facts 9 ?is *apt]1 h be5 tak54 ,footnote #gja3 ,= ^! & ! foll[+ extracts1 see ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 ii4 #cjig-ih1 #cajd1 #cajg4 ,footnote #gjb3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #ieb4 ,see p4 #bfb4 ,! "n sugge/s ,ni*olas ,lys>d or ,lyz>de1 s]jeant-pa9t] to ,que5 ,elizabe?1 :o 0 also 9 ! s]vice ( ,h5ry & ,edw>d ,,vi4 ,he di$ 9 #aegj1 & has be5 usually reg>d$ z an ,engli%man4 ,see vol4 ii41 pp4 #cji-aj4 ,possibly1 h[ev]1 ,lasora 0 n an ,italian4 ,he may h be5 ! 8,nic4 ,leysure1 a ,g]man10 m5tion$ 9 ! royal acc\nts1 9 ,septemb] #aeci1 z receiv+ paym5t "u a w>rant = #bjj cr4 soleil = life4 ,footnote #gjc3 ,woltmann1 #bfd4 ,reproduc$ by ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures at ,w9dsor ,ca/le1 ,pl4 i42 ,davies1 p4 #acj2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ajj2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #gb4 ,footnote #gjd3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 iii4 #eggd4 ,footnote #gje3 ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures1 c41 p4 #c4 ,footnote #gjf3 ,woltmann1 #bhb2 ,wornum1 i4 #a2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #aa4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #baj4 ,a second f9e draw+ ( ,gulde=d1 on a r$di% a diff]5t v]sion f ! "o at ,w9dsor1 0 9 ,mr4 ,j4 ,p4 ,heselt9e's collection ( draw+s1 disp]s$ 9 #aiab4 ,footnote #gjg3 ,mr4 ,lionel ,cu/ notes a r\ndel pa9t+ ( ,gulde=d 9 ! collection ( ,"l ,k9naird at ,rossie ,priory 7,burl4 ,mag41 ,augu/ #aiab1 p4 #beh74 ,footnote #gjh3 ,on panel1 #be 94 #bj 94 ,footnote #gji3 ,woltmann1 8,holbe9 at ! ,national ,portrait ,gall]y10 ,=tnightly ,review1 vol4 vi4 #ahff1 p4 #afj2 also ,life1 i4 #cdd4 ,footnote #gaj3 ,! ,engli% ,connoisseur1 #aggf1 vol4 i4 p4 #ade2 ,dodsley's ,london & its ,environs ,describ$1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bfh 7quot$ by ,mr4 ,law1 p4 #d74 ,footnote #gaa3 ,see ,law1 p4 #d4 ,footnote #gab3 ,woltmann1 #bjf4 ,footnote #gac3 ,a!num1 #ag? ,janu>y #ahhj4 ,footnote #gad3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bbg 7#b74 ,footnote #gae3 ,p>!y1 #adaj4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bfj4 ,footnote #gaf3 ,woltmann1 #cb4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #bbd2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aje2 ,mantz1 p4 #age4 ,footnote #gag3 ,woltmann1 #cg4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #aa4 ,footnote #gah3 ,woltmann1 #cf4 ,footnote #gai3 ,woltmann1 #bha2 ,wornum1 i4 #b2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #ab4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #abf2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #if4 ,footnote #gbj3 ,woltmann1 #bjh4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #gj4 ,footnote #gba3 ,woltmann1 #bbe4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #abf2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ig2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #ga4 ,footnote #gbb3 ,wornum1 p4 #bah1 quot+ f ,lysons & ,brayley4 ,footnote #gbc3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 #ahhh1 i4 #gi4 ,footnote #gbd3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! illu/rat$ edition ( ,catalogue1 p4 #fd4 ,footnote #gbe3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! illu/rat$ edition ( ! ,ox=d ,catalogue4 ,footnote #gbf3 ,woltmann1 #bhc2 ,wornum1 i4 #bd2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #ac4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #abh2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ih4 ,footnote #gbg3 ,briti% ,museum1 #i2 ,woltmann1 #aih4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #bd4 ,footnote #gbh3 ,fr\de1 ,h5ry ,,viii1 i4 #cja4 ,footnote #gbi3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 i4 p4 #ha4 ,footnote #gcj3 ,woltmann1 #add4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ajc2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #gd4 ,footnote #gca3 ,x 0 at "o "t 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 & is ent]$ 9 ! #afee inv5tory z 8#b ,ritratti 9 un quadro col nome de ,?omas ,godsalve40 ,x 0 pur*as$ = ,dresd5 9 ,p>is 9 #agdi4 ,footnote #gcb3 ,woltmann1 #bhf2 ,wornum1 i4 #ca2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #cf4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #be2 ,davies1 p4 #bah4 ,footnote #gcc3 ,woltmann1 i4 #cde4 ,footnote #gcd3 ,norfolk1 vii4 #bad4 ,footnote #gce3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #ead4 ,footnote #gcf3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 vii4 #aahi 7#be? ,sept4 #aecd74 ,footnote #gcg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 vi4 #egf4 ,footnote #gch3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #aeih 7#ab74 ,footnote #gci3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 vii4 #ajbf 7#b74 ,footnote #gdj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 viii4 #hjb 7#bf74 ,footnote #gda3 ,woltmann1 #bbf4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #acb2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ajb2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #gc4 ,footnote #gdb3 ,x appe>s to h be5 at "o "t 9 ! ,arundel ,collection1 & is ent]$ 9 ! inv5tory ( #afee z 8,ritratto d'un ,ma!matico40 ,z all ! o!r portraits j m5tion$ 7 also 9 ! ,e>l's possession1 x is natural to suppose t !y 7 obta9$ by him directly f ,de ,loo4 ,footnote #gdc3 ,wornum1 p4 #bbb4 ,footnote #gdd3 ,accord+ to ,walpole1 ! ,kratz] :i* 0 at ,holl& ,h\se 8till ! dea? ( ! ,c\ntess ( ,w>wick1 wife ( ,mr4 ,addison10 0 a second v]sion2 p]haps ! "o n[ belong+ to ,visc\nt ,galway4 ,?is v]sion1 accord+ to ! same au?ority1 appe>s to h be5 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,walt] ,cope be=e pass+ into ! ,holl& ,h\se collection4 ,footnote #gde3 ,walpole1 ,anecdotes1 c41 ed4 ,wornum1 i4 #gi4 ,footnote #gdf3 ,see *ap1 xxi41 vol4 ii4 p4 #aeb4 ,footnote #gdg3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iii4 pt4 i4 #ajah1 #ajai4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is same visit to ,antw]p t ,dr] drew ,kratz]'s portrait4 ,footnote #gdh3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 ii4 #cedj 7#bh74 ,footnote #gdi3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v41 ,privy ,purse ,exp5ses4 ,footnote #gej3 ,ed4 ,h[es1 p4 #egj4 ,footnote #gea3 ,woltmann1 #bai4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ajd2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #baa4 ,footnote #geb3 ,wornum1 p4 #bie4 ,footnote #gec3 ,see ,ganz1 ,holbe91 note to #baa1 p4 #bea2 & ,k4 ,voll1 ,suddeuts*e ,monat%efte1 #aije1 ii4 #h1 p4 #agg4 ,footnote #ged3 ,woltmann1 #bac4 ,wornum1 p4 #bid4 ,footnote #gee3 ,reproduc$ 9 ! ,burl4 ,f9e ,arts ,club ,exhib4 ,cat41 ,pl4 xiii42 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #gi4 ,footnote #gef3 ,see ,notes & ,qu]ies1 #d? s]ies1 v4 p4 #cac2 ,a!num1 ,nos4 #bahf1 #bahg 7,sept4 #ah1 #be1 #ahfi72 & ,dict4 ( ,nat4 ,biog41 "u 8,tuke40 ,footnote #geg3 ,hampton ,c\rt1 #faj 7#cbe74 ,woltmann1 #afb4 ,reproduc$ by ,erne/ ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures1 c41 ,pl4 ix42 ,davies1 p4 #ahd2 ,cat4 ,tudor ,exhib41 #ahij1 ,no4 #gb1 p4 #cb2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #aac4 ,footnote #geh3 ,woltmann1 #cjh2 ,wornum1 i4 #ag2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #dh4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #adc4 ,footnote #gei3 ,wornum1 p4 #baf4 ,footnote #gfj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 v4 #acfc4 ,footnote #gfa3 ,see ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures1 c41 p4 #bi4 ,footnote #gfb3 ,woltmann1 #bag4 ,reproduc$ by ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aja2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bbd4 ,footnote #gfc3 ,woltmann1 #bbg4 ,reproduc$ 9 ,ma/]pieces ( ,holbe9 7,g[an's ,art ,books1 ,no4 #ac71 p4 #ai2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #gh4 ,footnote #gfd3 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 ,decemb] #aiji1 p4 #aei4 ,footnote #gfe3 ,on panel1 #ad 94 high by #ab 94 wide4 ,footnote #gff3 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 ,decemb] #aiji1 p4 #aed4 ,footnote #gfg3 ,woltmann1 i4 #cda4 ,footnote #gfh3 ,woltmann1 #bhd2 ,wornum1 i4 #cd2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #ch4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #baf4 ,footnote #gfi3 ,woltmann1 #bhe2 ,wornum1 ii4 #ai2 ,sir ,r4 ,holmes1 i4 #ci4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #baf4 ,footnote #ggj3 ,woltmann1 #adj4 ,reproduc$ by ,s4 ,ar?ur ,/rong 9 ,draw+s by ! ,old ,ma/]s at ,*atswor?1 #aijb1 ,pl4 liv42 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 i41 ,april #aijc1 p4 #bbd4 ,footnote #gga3 ,s4 ,ar?ur ,/rong1 ,draw+s1 c41 & 9 ,critical ,/udies & ,fragm5ts1 p4 #acc4 ,footnote #ggb3 ,woltmann1 #ada4 ,reproduc$ by ,/rong 9 ,draw+s1 c41 #aijb1 ,pl4 lv42 ,burl+ton ,magaz9e1 vol4 i41 ,may #aijc1 p4 #ced4 ,footnote #ggc3 ,reproduc$ by ,law1 ,holbe9's ,pictures1 c41 ,pl4 iv42 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ii4 ,footnote #ggd3 ,see ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #hg-i4 ,footnote #gge3 ,die ,basl] ,ar*ive b] ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng]n1 9 ,zahn's ,jahrb*] fr ,kun/wiss5s*aft1 iii4 #abc1 #ahgj4 ,footnote #ggf3 ,woltmann1 i4 #ced4 ,footnote #ggg3 ,see pp4 #ge-f4 ,footnote #ggh3 ,woltmann1 i4 #cee4 ,footnote #ggi3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 iii4 #eibb4 ,eras4 ,ep41 p4 #abcj4 ,footnote #ghj3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 iii4 #eibd4 ,eras4 ,ep41 p4 #abcb4 ,footnote #gha3 ,c4 ,l4 ,p41 iv4 pt4 iii4 #fjdh4 ,eras4 ,ep41 p4 #agdc4 ,footnote #ghb3 ,woltmann1 i4 #cef4 ,footnote #ghc3 ,woltmann1 #ae4 ,reproduc$ by ,davies1 p4 #acd2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #ajg2 ff5tli*e ,kun/sammlung 9 ,basel1 #eg? annual report1 new s]ies1 iii4 p4 #a1 #aijg2 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #hc4 ,footnote #ghd3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bac1 :o m5tions o!r copies at ,aix-les-,ba9s1 ,con/ance1 9 ! ,alb]t9a1 c4 ,at ! "t ,dr4 ,woltmann 0 writ+ 8 book x 0 9 ,cologne1 9 ! possession ( ,h]r ,brasseur1 ! picture-deal]4 ,footnote #ghe3 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #bab4 ,footnote #ghf3 8,a propos d'un ,livre n\veau sur ,holbe9 le ,jeune10 9 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 #ae? ,janu>y #aiab4 ,footnote #ghg3 ,woltmann1 #df4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 i4 #bc 79 col\r72 & 9 ,holbe91 p4 #hi4 ,possibly x repres5ts a si/] or ne> relation ( ,elsbe? ,holbe94 ,footnote #ghh3 ,see ,woltmann1 i4 p4 #aei4 ,footnote #ghi3 ,woltmann1 #ba4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #hd4 ,footnote #gij3 ,woltmann1 #fe4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 ii4 #d 79 col\r71 & 9 ,holbe91 p4 #agb2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aae4 ,footnote #gia3 ,woltmann1 #ba4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 #he4 ,footnote #gib3 ,woltmann1 #fd4 ,reproduc$ by ,ganz1 ,hdz4 ,s*wz4 ,m/r41 iii4 #bc1 & 9 ,hdz4 von ,h4 ,h4 dem ,jng41 ,pl4 #bg 7bo? 9 col\rs71 & 9 ,holbe91 p4 #agc2 ,knackfuss1 fig4 #aaf4 ,footnote #gic3 ,woltmann1 #ef4 ,see ,vol4 ii4 p4 #bgh4 ,footnote #gid3 ,see ,vol4 ii4 pp4 #bgg-h1 #bha4 ,footnote #gie3 ,ganz1 ,holbe91 p4 xxxiv4 ,footnote #gif3 ,koegl]1 ,jahrbu* d] preuss4 ,kun/sammlung51 #aiaa4 ,footnote #gig3 ,see pp4 #agi-hj & #ahd-e4 ,footnote #gih3 ,woltmann1 i4 #cfb4 ,footnote #gii3 ,holbe91 p4 #acf4 ,footnote #hjj3 ,see ,app5dix 7,j74 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,app5dices ,a ?r\gh ,k ref]5c$ 9 ?is volume are 9 volume #b4 ,miss+ or obscur$ punctuation 0 sil5tly correct$4 ,typographical errors 7 sil5tly correct$4 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation 7 made consi/5t only :5 a pr$om9ant =m 0 f\nd 9 ?is book4 ,text t 0 9 italics is enclos$ by und]scores 7italics74