,,entertainments ,,for ,,home1 ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,by ,,frederica ,,seeger ,,edited ,,by ,,theodore ,,waters ,,entertainments ,,for ,,home1 ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,contents ,,chapter ,i--,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,going ,shopping1 ,hit or ,miss1 ,game of ,rhymes1 ,most ,improbable ,story1 ,animated ,art1 ,guessing ,character1 ,tongue ,twisters4 ,,chapter ,,ii--,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,french ,rhymes1 ,ant and ,cricket1 ,a ,spoonful of ,fun1 ,how1 ,when and ,where1 ,grandfather's ,trunk1 ,predicaments1 ,auction1 ,beast1 ,bird or ,fish1 ,rotating ,globe1 etc4 ,,chapter ,,iii--,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,flags of ,all ,nations1 ,game of ,words1 ,prince of ,india1 ,exchange1 ,shadow ,buff1 ,old ,family ,coach1 ,the ,tailless ,donkey4 ,,chapter ,,iv--,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,magic ,music1 ,cushion ,dance1 ,animal ,blind ,man's ,buff1 ,musical ,instruments1 ,my ,lady's ,toilet1 ,going to ,jerusalem4 ,,chapter ,v--,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,tortoise1 ,lemon ,pig1 ,seasick ,passengers1 ,enchanted ,raisins1 ,family ,giant1 ,animated ,telescope1 etc4 ,,chapter ,,vi--,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,the ,what ,do ,you ,think1 ,knight of the ,whistle1 ,can ,do ,little1 ,throwing ,light4 ,,chapter ,,vii--,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,charades1 ,cicero1 ,attenuate1 ,suggested ,words1 ,metaphysician1 ,charades on the ,grecian ,islands4 ,,chapter ,,viii--,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,living ,pictures1 ,tableaux1 ,dignity and ,impudence1 ,sailor's ,farewell1 ,home ,again1 ,various ,tableaux4 ,,chapter ,,ix--,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,wax ,works ,gallery1 ,mrs4 ,jarley's ,collection1 ,chinese ,giant1 ,two-,headed ,girl1 ,captain ,kidd1 ,celebrated ,dwarf1 ,yankee ,cannibal1 etc4 ,,chapter ,x--,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,art ,exhibitions1 ,list of ,exhibitors1 ,artists1 ,curiosities1 ,explanations1 ,suggestions4 ,,chapter ,,xi--,,optical ,,illusions ,raising the ,ghost1 ,magic ,lantern ,pictures1 ,phantasmagoria1 ,chinese ,shadows1 ,wonderful ,mirror1 ,multiplied ,money4 ,,chapter ,,xii--,,table ,,games ,,for ,,adults ,dominoes1 ,backgammon1 ,checkers1 ,jenkins1 ,zoo1 ,stray ,syllables1 ,chess4 ,,chapter ,,xiii--,,outdoor ,,games ,,for ,,adults ,lawn ,tennis1 ,polo1 ,hockey1 ,golf1 ,archery1 ,ring ,toss1 ,lawn ,bowls4 ,,chapter ,,xiv--,,holiday ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,new ,years1 ,lincoln's ,day1 ,valentine ,party1 ,easter ,egg ,party1 ,hallowe'en ,games1 ,flag ,day1 ,thanksgiving1 ,christmas4 ,,chapter ,,xv--,,outdoor ,,games ,,for ,,girls ,basket ,ball1 ,box ,ball1 ,guess ,ball1 ,target ,ball1 ,string ,ball4 ,,chapter ,,xvi--,,pastimes ,,for ,,children ,sun ,dial1 ,mother1 ,may ,i ,play8 ,blind ,man's ,buff1 ,tug of ,war1 ,various ,ball ,games4 ,,chapter ,,xvii--,,indoor ,,games ,,for ,,young ,,children ,patch ,work1 ,peanut ,game1 ,soap ,bubbles1 ,candy ,pulls1 ,cook and ,peas1 ,magic ,music1 ,zoology4 ,,chapter ,,xviii--,,outdoor ,,games ,,for ,,young ,,children ,bean ,bag ,games1 ,skipping the ,rope1 ,various ,tag ,games1 ,crossing the ,brook4 ,,chapter ,,xix--,,singing ,,games ,,for ,,children ,moon and ,stars1 ,bologna ,man1 ,orchestra1 ,jack ,be ,nimble1 ,oats1 ,peas1 ,beans1 ,farmer in the ,dell1 ,london ,bridge1 etc4 ,,chapter ,,xx--,,games ,,of ,,arithmetic ,thought ,numbers1 ,mystical ,nine1 ,magic ,hundred1 ,king and ,counselor1 ,horse ,shoe ,nails1 ,dinner ,party ,puzzle1 ,baskets and ,stones1 etc4 ,,chapter ,,xxi--,,one ,,hundred ,,conundrums ,witty ,questions1 ,facetious ,puzzles1 ,ready ,answers1 ,entertaining ,play ,upon ,words4 ,,introduction4 ,games are meant to amuse1 but in addition to amusing1 a good game1 played in the right spirit1 may have great educational value4 ,now1 this is distinctly a book of games and amusements4 ,there are games for indoors1 scores of them1 while there are other scores that can be enjoyed only in the open4 ,when young folks1 and older folks1 too1 for that matter1 meet for a pleasant evening1 it is rather depressing to have them sit solemnly on stiff chairs in the company room and stare helplessly at one another1 like folks awaiting a funeral service4 ,now1 if there is present1 and there usually is1 a bright girl1 who knows the games in this book1 and she starts in to get the ball a-rolling1 all will soon be enjoying themselves better than if they were watching a three-ring circus4 ,and then the volleys of wholesome laughter that will roll out--why1 they will be better for the digestion than all the medicines of all the doctors4 ,it will be noticed that some of the outdoor games1 and others devised for indoors1 require some apparatus1 like tennis and croquet1 or back-gammon boards and magic lanterns1 but the majority need only the company1 and--let it be added--the disposition to have a good time4 ,within the covers of ,entertainments for ,home1 ,church1 and ,school1 you will find condensed and clearly set forth the best of a library of books on amusements4 ,,entertainments ,,for ,,home1 ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,chapter ,i ,,household ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,,going ,,shopping--,,hit ,,or ,,miss--,,game ,,of ,,rhymes--,,most ,,improbable ,,story-- ,,animated ,,art--,,guessing ,,characters--,,tongue ,,twisters ,,going ,,shopping ,a lively game of talk and touch4 ,the company is seated in a circle1 and one who understands the game commences by saying to his neighbor at the right3 ,i have been shopping4 ,what did you buy8 is the required response4 ,a dress1 a book1 some flowers1 a pencil--whatever the first speaker wishes1 provided always that he can1 in pronouncing the word1 touch the object mentioned4 ,then the second player addresses his neighbor in similar manner1 and so on around the circle until the secret of the game is discovered by all4 ,whoever mentions an object without touching it1 or names one that has already been given1 pays a forfeit4 ,,lighting ,,the ,,candle ,this feat is a very amusing one1 and is performed as follows3 ,two persons kneel on the ground1 facing each other4 ,each holds in his left hand a candle in a candlestick1 at the same time grasping his right foot in his right hand4 ,this position compels him to balance himself on his left knee4 ,one of the candles is lighted2 the other is not4 ,the holders are required to light the unlighted candle from the lighted one4 ,the conditions are simple enough1 but one would hardly believe how often the performers will roll over on the floor before they succeed in lighting the candle4 ,it will be found desirable to spread a newspaper on the floor between the combatants4 ,many spots of candle-grease will thus be intercepted1 and the peace of mind of the lady of the house proportionately spared4 ,,hit ,,or ,,miss ,great amusement is excited by this game when played in the presence of a company of guests4 ,spread a sheet upon the floor and place two chairs upon it4 ,seat two of the party in the chairs within reach of each other and blindfold them4 ,give each a saucer of cracker or bread crumbs and a spoon1 then request them to feed each other4 ,the frantic efforts of each victim to reach his fellow sufferer's mouth is truly absurd--the crumbs finding lodgment in the hair1 ears and neck much oftener than the mouth4 ,sometimes bibs are fastened around the necks of the victims for protection4 ,,cross ,,questions ,the company is divided into two equal parts and blank cards and pencils are distributed4 ,one side writes questions on any subject desired1 while the other prepares in like manner a set of haphazard answers4 ,the question cards are then collected and distributed to the players on the other side1 while their answer are divided among the questioners4 ,the leader holding a question then reads it aloud1 the first player on the other side reading the answer he holds4 ,some of the answers are highly amusing4 ,,the ,,game ,,of ,,rhymes ,a variation of the former game4 ,the game is begun by a young lady or gentleman speaking a single line1 to which the next nearest on the left must respond with another line to rhyme with the first4 ,the next player gives a new line1 of the same length1 and the fourth supplies a rhyme in turn1 and so on4 ,the game is provocative of any amount of fun and nonsense4 ,a sample may be given3 #ast ,player4--,i think ,i see a brindle cow4 #b;d ,player4--,it's nothing but your dad's bow-wow4 #crd4 ,player4--,he is chasing our black ,tommy cat4 #dth ,player4--,poor puss had best get out of that1 etc4 ,any amount of nonsense may be indulged in a game of this sort1 within proper limits4 ,clever players can easily give the game a most interesting turn and provoke rhymes that are original and witty4 ,thus1 a subject once started1 every phase of it may be touched upon before the round closes4 ,,the ,,most ,,improbable ,,story ,the players are seated in a circle and are provided with pencils and paper4 ,it is then announced that this is a competition1 and that the one who writes the most improbable story in fifteen minutes wins a prize4 ,the allotted time being up1 the papers are collected and re-distributed so that each players receives another player's story4 ,the stories are then read aloud and a committee decides which is the most improbable story4 ,a prize is usually given the writer of this4 ,,animated ,,art ,a picture is selected showing a group of individuals and portraying some historical incident or event illustrative of the affairs of every-day life4 ,the performers make up1 each one to represent some character in the picture4 ,out of their number some one is chosen to act as stage manager and he poses the figures4 ,two rooms with folding-doors1 or one room divided by a curtain1 are required for this representation4 ,a reflection1 or footlight1 will enhance the beauty of the picture4 ,,guessing ,,characters ,one of the party leaves the room1 while the others decide upon some character1 real or fictitious4 ,the absentee is then recalled1 and each in turn asks him a question referring to the character he has been elected to represent4 ,when he guesses his identity1 the player whose question has thrown the most light upon the subject has to go from the room4 ,for example3 ,a goes from the room1 and the company decides that he shall represent ,king ,henry ,,viii4 ,when he enters1 ,no4 #a asks3 ,which one of your wives did you love best8 ,no4 #b says3 ,do you approve of a man marrying his deceased brother's wife8 ,no4 #c adds3 ,were you very sorry your brother died8 etc41 while ,a1 after guessing various names1 is led by some question to guess correctly1 and the fortunate questioner is consequently sent from the room to have a new character assigned him in turn4 ,,who ,,is ,,my ,,neighbor8 ,one-half the company is blindfolded2 these are then seated in such a way that each has a vacant chair at his right hand4 ,the other half of the players gather in the middle of the room4 ,this is done silently4 ,the unblindfolded players will each one take one of the empty seats next to those who are blindfolded4 ,when requested to speak or sing they must do so4 ,it is permissible to disguise the voice4 ,the blindfolded neighbor must guess who is speaking or singing4 ,the bandages are not taken off until the wearer has guessed correctly the name of the person at his right4 ,when he guesses correctly1 the one whose name was guessed is blindfolded and takes the guesser's place4 ,the leader gives a signal1 and the players who are unblindfolded walk softly to a vacant chair4 ,the leader then plays a familiar air on an instrument1 and says1 sing6 ,all must sing until he suddenly stops playing4 ,the guessing goes on as before until the leader decides to stop it4 ,,tongue-,,twisters--,,any ,,number ,,of ,,players ,the amusing game of tongue-twisters is played thus3 ,the leader gives out a sentence 7one of the following71 and each repeats it in turn1 any player who gets tangled up in the pronunciation having to pay forfeit4 ,a haddock6 a haddock6 a black-spotted haddock1 a black spot on the black back of the black-spotted haddock4 ,she sells sea shells4 ,she stood at the door of ,mr4 ,smith's fish-sauce shop1 welcoming him in4 ,the sea ceaseth and it sufficeth us4 ,six thick thistle sticks4 ,the flesh of freshly fried flying fish4 ,a growing gleam glowing green4 ,i saw ,esau kissing ,kate1 the fact we all three saw1 ,i saw ,esau1 he saw me1 and she saw ,i saw ,esau4 ,swan swam over the sea2 swim1 swan1 swim2 ,swan swam back again2 well swum1 ,swan4 ,you snuff ship snuff1 ,i snuff box snuff4 ,the bleak breeze blighted the bright broom blossoms4 ,high roller1 low roller1 rower4 ,oliver ,oglethorp ogled an owl and oyster4 ,did ,oliver ,oglethorp ogle an owl and oyster8 ,if ,oliver ,oglethorp ogled an owl and oyster1 where are the owl and oyster ,oliver ,oglethorp ogled8 ,hobbs meets ,snobbs and ,nobbs2 ,hobbs bobs to ,snobbs and ,nobbs2 ,hobbs nobs with ,snobbs and robs ,nobbs' fob4 ,that is1 says ,nobbs1 the worse for ,hobbs' jobs1 and ,snobbs sobs4 ,susan shines shoes and socks2 socks and shoes shine ,susan4 ,she ceaseth shining shoes and socks1 for shoes and socks shocks ,susan4 ,robert ,royley rolled a round roll round2 a round roll ,robert ,rowley rolled round4 ,where rolled the round roll ,robert ,rowley rolled round8 ,strict1 strong ,stephen ,stringer snared slickly six sickly1 silky snakes4 ,the ,leith police dismisseth us4 ,she sun shines upon shop signs4 ,,chapter ,,ii ,,french ,,rhymes--,,ant ,,and ,,cricket--,,spoonful ,,of ,,fun--,,how1 ,,when ,,and ,,where-- ,,grandfather',s ,,trunk--,,predicaments--,,auction--,,be ast1 ,,bird1 ,,or ,,fish--,,rotating ,,globe ,,button1 ,,button ,the players sit around the room in a circle4 ,the leader then holds a button between his hands1 with the palms pressed together1 so as to hide it4 ,he goes around the circle1 passing his hand between those of the players4 ,as he does this1 he says3 ,hold fast to what ,i give you4 ,he is careful not to let the players see into whose hands he passed the button4 ,the circuit having been made1 the leader says to the first player3 ,button1 button1 who has the button8 ,the one questioned must answer1 naming some one whom he thinks has it4 ,so it continues until all have had a turn at answering the same question4 ,then the leader says3 ,button1 button1 rise6 ,the button holder must do this4 ,,french ,,rhymes ,each member of the company writes upon a slip of paper two words that rhyme4 ,these are collected by one player and read aloud1 and as they are read everybody writes them down upon new papers4 ,five or ten minutes being allowed1 each player must write a poem introducing all the rhyming words in their original pairs4 ,at the expiration of the given time the lines are read aloud4 ,suppose the words given are man and than1 drops and copse1 went and intent1 etc41 these are easily framed into something like this3 ,once on a time a brooklet drops1 ,with splash and clash1 through a shady copse2 ,one day there chanced to pass a man1 ,who1 deeming water better than ,cider1 down by the brooklet went1 ,to dip some up was his intent4 ,of course1 the result is nonsense1 but it is pleasant nonsense1 and may be kept up indefinitely1 to the entertainment of the participants4 ,,consequences ,the players are each provided with a slip of paper and a pencil4 ,each must write the name of some gentleman 7who is known to the party71 turn down the end of the paper on which the name is written1 and pass the paper to the next neighbor4 ,all must then write the name of some lady 7also known71 then change the papers again and write where they met1 what he said1 what she said1 what the world said1 and the consequences1 always passing the papers on4 ,when all are written1 each player must then read his paper4 ,mr4 ,jones 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,and ,miss ,smith 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,met on a roof 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,he said1 ,i trust you are not afraid4 ,she said1 ,not while you are here4 ,world said1 ,it's a match4 ,consequences1 ,he sailed for ,africa next morning1 etc4 ,,ant ,,and ,,cricket ,one of the company being appointed to represent the ,cricket1 seats himself in the midst of the other players1 who are the ,ants1 and writes upon a piece of paper the name of a certain grain1 whatever kind he pleases4 ,he then addresses the first ,ant3 ,my dear neighbor1 ,i am very hungry1 and ,i have come to you for aid4 ,what will you give me6 ,a grain of rice1 a kernel of corn1 a worm1 etc41 replies the ,ant1 as he sees fit4 ,the ,cricket asks each in turn1 and if one of them announces as his gift the word already written upon the paper1 the ,cricket declares himself satisfied and changes places with the ,ant4 ,a ,,spoonful ,,of ,,fun ,this is a ,german game4 ,one of the players goes into the middle of a ring formed by the other players4 ,he is blindfolded and has a large1 wooden spoon for a wand4 ,the players join hands and dance about him4 ,there may be music1 if it be so desired4 ,when the signal is given to stop1 all must stand still4 ,the blindfolded one touches one of the players with his hand and tries to guess his identity4 ,if he guesses correctly1 that player must take his place4 ,stooping1 kneeling1 or tiptoeing may be resorted to1 to conceal the identity of the players4 ,,what ,,is ,,my ,,thought ,,like8 ,though this is a very old game1 it is well worth the playing4 ,the leader asks each player in turn1 ,what is my thought like8 ,the one questioned gives any answer he desires4 ,each player is asked in turn and a list is kept of the replies4 ,finally the leader tells what his thought was1 and asks each player in what way it resembles the thing he1 or she1 likened it to4 ,,biography ,each player receives a pencil and paper and takes a seat as one of the circle of players4 ,the left-hand neighbor is the subject for his right-hand neighbor's biographical sketch4 ,any absurd happening will do1 the more ridiculous the biography1 the better4 ,the wittiest one calls for a prize4 ,,nicknames ,,of ,,cities ,certain cities have been nick-named1 as ,chicago1 the ,windy ,city2 ,philadelphia1 the ,city of ,brotherly ,love1 etc4 ,the hostess requests her guests to wear something suggestive of the nickname of the city represented4 ,each guest writes on a piece of paper what cities he supposes the other guests are representing4 ,a half hour is allowed1 when a prize is awarded the one who has given the largest number of guesses correctly4 ,,how1 ,,when ,,and ,,where ,one member of the company1 leaving the room1 a word admitting of more than one interpretation is chosen by the others4 ,on his return1 he asks each in succession1 ,how do you like it8 ,the player questioned being required to give an appropriate answer4 ,he then inquires in similar manner1 ,when do you like it1 and if the answer to that question still gives him no clue1 proceeds to ask1 ,where do you like it8 ,when he at last discovers the word1 the person whose answer has furnished him with the most information1 must in turn leave the room and become the questioner4 ,we will suppose the word chosen to be rain1 which can also be taken as reign or rein4 ,the question1 ,how do you like it8 receives the answers1 tight1 heavy1 short1 warm1 etc4 ,the question1 ,when do you like it81 in summer1 when ,i am driving1 in the nineteenth century1 etc4 ,where do you like it81 in the ,united ,states1 on a horse1 in the sky1 etc4 ,,my ,,grandfather',s ,,trunk--,,any ,,number ,,of ,,players ,a great game for young folks of a winter evening4 ,the company being seated in a circle1 somebody begins by saying1 for instance3 ,no4 #a4 ,i pack my grandfather's trunk with a pair of spectacles4 ,no4 #b4 ,i pack my grandfather's trunk with a pair of spectacles and a silk hat4 ,no4 #c4 ,i pack my grandfather's trunk with a pair of spectacles1 a silk hat and a dime novel4 ,and so on1 each person repeating all the articles already mentioned1 besides adding a new one4 ,if any one fails to repeat the list correctly1 he drops out of the game1 which is continued until the contents of the trunk are unanimously declared too numerous to remember4 ,,location ,location is geographical in character4 ,two captains are chosen4 ,they choose sides until the party is equally divided4 ,one captain begins the game by calling the name of a city4 ,he then counts thirty4 ,before he has finished counting1 his opposite opponent must tell where the city is located4 ,if his answer be correct1 he in turn names a place1 and the second player in the opposite row must locate it before he counts thirty4 ,should any player fail to answer before thirty is counted1 or answer incorrectly1 he or she must drop out4 ,when there is only one player left on either side1 that one gets the prize4 ,,predicaments ,predicaments are thought out4 ,the more ridiculous they are the better4 ,they are written on sheets of paper4 ,each person has to write his idea of the best way out of a predicament4 ,then the papers are collected and read4 ,prizes are given if the hostess so desires4 ,,progressive ,,puzzles ,provide as many small1 square cards as there are guests2 also several pairs of scissors4 ,the party seats itself in a circle4 ,the cards and scissors are given out4 ,then each player cuts his card twice across1 so as to make four pieces4 ,the straight cuts must intersect each other4 ,after the first cut1 the pieces must be held together until the second cut has been made4 ,a player mixes his pieces and passes them to his right-hand neighbor4 ,when the leader gives the signal1 all the players put together the four pieces they have4 ,the one who first succeeds calls out ready4 ,then all stop and pass the cards on again4 ,the successful player is given a mark on a tally card4 ,the game goes on until a half hour has passed4 ,the person receiving the most marks is entitled to a prize1 or may become the leader1 as preferred4 ,,mirth ,the leader for this game must have a contagious laugh4 ,he throws a handkerchief into the air2 when he does this1 all must laugh heartily1 until the handkerchief lies upon the ground1 then the laughing must stop immediately4 ,the player laughing after the handkerchief touches the ground is out4 ,this also happens to the one laughing too soon4 ,the one left alone at last is the winner1 and may become leader4 ,,crambo ,each player in the party is given two slips of paper and a pencil4 ,on one slip he writes a question4 ,this may be serious or absurd1 as he wishes4 ,on another paper he writes a word1 this being a noun--either proper or common4 ,the questions being mixed are distributed--the words likewise4 ,the players write verses answering the questions and containing the words received4 ,,auction ,needed3 ,twenty1 or more1 packages1 wrapped in paper4 ,auction may be made a very merry game4 ,it depends upon the auctioneer1 however1 to make the sales interesting2 any articles may be chosen1 though dolls1 ,teddy bears1 etc41 are suggested4 ,the articles are catalogued4 ,they are paid for with the beans given to the players with the catalogues4 ,,beast1 ,,bird ,,or ,,fish ,the players sit round in a circle1 and one player1 who is it1 points to some one1 and says either beast1 bird1 or fish4 ,he then counts ten as quickly as possible4 ,the person pointed to must name some beast1 bird1 or fish 7whichever he was asked71 before ten is reached4 ,if he fails he must give a forfeit4 ,,the ,,rotation ,,of ,,the ,,globe ,when you next chance to eat an egg for breakfast1 do not fail to try the following experiment4 ,it is one which always succeeds1 and is productive of much amusement to the company4 ,moisten slightly with water the rim of your plate1 and in the center paint with the yolk of the egg a sun with golden rays4 ,by the aid of this simple apparatus1 you will be in a position to illustrate1 so clearly that a child can comprehend it1 the double movement of the earth1 which revolves simultaneously round the sun and on its own axis4 ,all that you have to do is to place the empty half-shell of your egg on the rim of the plate1 and keeping this latter duly sloped1 by a slight movement of the wrist as may be needful1 you will see the eggshell begin to revolve rapidly on its own axis1 at the same time traveling round the plate4 ,it is hardly necessary to remark that the egg-shell will not travel uphill1 and the plate must therefore be gradually shifted round1 as well as sloped1 so that the shell may always have an inch or two of descending plane before it4 ,the slight cohesion caused by the water which moistens the plate counteracts the centrifugal force and so prevents the eggshell falling off the edge of the plate4 ,,advice ,pencil and paper having been given the players1 each writes a piece of advice and folds his paper4 ,he passes it to his neighbor1 who before opening it1 tells whether he thinks the advice good or bad4 ,if he guesses correctly1 he scores a point4 ,the game goes on this way1 each at the table taking a turn1 when new advices are written and passed along4 ,this is done as many times as the hostess desires4 ,the one getting the most points is winner4 ,,words ,each player receives a pencil and paper4 ,he is then told to make as many words as he can from a given word of fifteen letters1 or more4 ,it is surprising how many words can be thus made4 ,the winner is the one fashioning the greatest number of words4 ,a book is given him as a prize4 ,,chapter ,,iii ,,game ,,of ,,words--,,prince ,,of ,,india--,,exchange--,,shadow ,,buff--,,tailless ,,donkey --,,throwing ,,the ,,handkerchief ,,flags ,,of ,,all ,,nations ,you can learn the colors of the flags of all nations by referring to a large dictionary1 or to a book on flags4 ,the flags are drawn with colored crayons1 or painted in water colors1 on a large water-color card1 or a sheet of water-color paper4 ,large cards with numbers down the sides are given to each player1 with a pencil4 ,the card of flags is then hung where all can see it1 and half an hour is allowed for all to guess the countries to which the flags belong4 ,the answers are written on the individual cards1 and the papers are signed with the names of the players4 ,a prize is given to the player who has the greatest number of correct answers4 ,,another ,,game ,,of ,,words ,the players1 each of whom is supplied with paper and pencil1 are divided equally into two sides1 and the leader1 having selected a word1 suppose notwithstanding1 each party sets to work to see how many different words they can make of the same letters4 7,thus from the word above suggested may be made not1 with1 stand1 standing1 gin1 ton1 to1 wig1 wit1 his1 twit1 tan1 has1 had1 an1 nod1 tow1 this1 sat1 that1 sit1 sin1 tin1 wink1 what1 who1 wish1 win1 wan1 won1 and probably a host of others47 ,a scrutiny is then taken1 all words common to both parties being struck out4 ,the remainder are then compared1 and the victory is adjudged to the one having the largest number of words4 ,,grammatical ,,game ,this is played by each person drawing1 say1 twenty letters haphazard1 and trying to form them into a phrase or sentence1 the palm of merit being awarded to the player who1 at the same time1 produces the most coherent phrase1 and also succeeds in using the greatest proportion of the letters assigned to him4 ,,menagerie ,this is a very funny game if the ringmaster keeps up a running fire of witty remarks4 ,he stands in the circle of animals--otherwise guests--and1 whip in hand1 shows off his animals1 and their tricks1 singly1 and in groups4 ,the lion roars1 as well as performs2 the dog barks1 and performs the tricks he is told to show off2 the canary warbles its song2 the bee buzzes2 the donkey brays1 balks and kicks1 etc4 ,at the end of the performance there is a grand circus parade1 with music4 ,,prince ,,of ,,india ,the players are numbered from one upward4 ,the leader stands in front of them and says3 ,the ,prince of ,india has lost his pearl4 ,did you find it1 number seven8 ,upon this1 number #g replies1 jumping to his feet quickly3 ,i1 sir1 ,i8 ,the leader replies1 ,yes1 you1 sir6 ,number #g says3 ,not ,i1 sir6 ,leader3 ,who then1 sir1 if not you8 ,number #g3 ,number #d1 sir4 ,number #d jumps up1 and says3 ,what1 sir8 ,i1 ,i8 ,leader3 ,yes1 sir2 you1 you4 ,number #d3 ,not ,i1 not ,i1 sir4' ,leader3 ,who then1 sir8 ,number #d3 ,number #b1 sir4' ,then number #b jumps to his feet4 ,this goes on until the leader reaches the last one in the circle4 ,if he can repeat again ,the ,prince of ,india has lost his pearl1 before this one can jump to his feet1 they exchange places4 ,,exchange ,a blindfolded player stands in the center2 the others are seated about him in a circle4 ,each one is numbered4 ,the blindfolded player calls out two numbers1 whereupon the players bearing those numbers exchange places1 the blindfolded player trying meanwhile either to catch one of the players or to secure one of the chairs4 ,any player so caught must yield his chair to the catcher4 ,no player may go outside of the circle formed by the chairs4 ,,hunt ,,the ,,ring ,all the players stand in a circle holding a long cord1 which forms an endless band upon which a ring has been slipped before it was joined at the ends4 ,this ring is passed rapidly from one player to another--always on the cord and concealed by the hand--while somebody in the center endeavors to seize the hands of the person who holds it1 who1 when actually caught1 takes his place within the circle4 ,if the circle is very large1 two rings may be slipped upon the cord1 and two players placed in the center together4 ,a small key may be used instead of a ring1 while still another variation is to have the concealed object a small whistle with a ring attached4 ,when this is adopted1 an amusing phase of the game is to secretly attach a string to the whistle and fasten this to the back of the player in the center by means of a bent pin at the other end of the string4 ,then while feigning to pass the whistle from hand to hand1 it is occasionally seized and blown upon by some one in the ring1 toward whom the victim is at that moment turning his back1 causing that individual to be greatly puzzled4 ,,shadow ,,bluff ,a sheet being stretched across one end of the room1 one of the players being seated upon a low stool facing it1 and with his eyes fixed upon it4 ,the only light in the room must be a lamp placed upon a table in the center of the room4 ,between this lamp and the person on the stool1 the players pass in succession1 their shadows being thrown upon the sheet in strong relief4 ,the victim of the moment endeavors to identify the other players by their respective shadows1 and if he succeeds the detected party must take his place4 ,it is allowable to make detection as difficult as possible by means of any available disguise that does not conceal the whole person1 any grimacing1 contortion of form1 etc4 ,,guessing ,,eyes ,,and ,,noses ,a sheet is fastened up between two doors4 ,holes are cut in it1 and some of the party go behind the sheet and stand with their eyes at the holes1 while the others must guess to whom the eyes belong4 ,failing to guess correctly1 they must give a forfeit4 ,,the ,,tailless ,,donkey ,an amusing game1 at which any size party may play and enjoy it for hours4 ,cut a large figure of a donkey1 minus a tail1 from dark paper or cloth1 and pin it upon a sheet stretched tightly across a door-way4 ,each player is given a piece of paper1 which would fit the donkey for a tail1 if applied4 ,on each tail is written the name of the person holding it4 ,when all is ready1 the players are blindfolded in turn--placed facing the donkey a few steps back in the room--then turned around rapidly two or three times1 and told to advance with the tail held at arm's length1 and with a pin previously inserted in the end1 attach it to the figure of the donkey wherever they first touch it4 ,when the whole curtain is adorned with tails--7not to mention all the furniture1 family portraits1 etc41 in the vicinity7--and there are no more to pin on1 the person who has succeeded in fastening the appendage the nearest to its natural dwelling place1 receives a prize1 and the player who has given the most eccentric position to the tail entrusted to his care1 receives the booby prize1 generally some gift of a nature to cause a good-humored laugh4 ,,throwing ,,the ,,handkerchief ,a very old and still quite popular game4 ,the company being seated around the room in a circle1 some one stationed in the center throws an unfolded handkerchief to one of the seated players4 ,whoever receives it must instantly throw it to some one else1 and so on1 while the person in the center endeavors to catch the handkerchief in its passage from one player to another4 ,if he catches it1 as it touches somebody1 that person must take his place in the center4 ,if it is caught in the air1 the player whose hands it last left enters the circle4 ,the handkerchief must not be knotted or twisted1 but thrown loosely4 ,,chapter ,,iv ,,magic ,,music--,,cushion ,,dance--,,animal ,,blindman',s ,,bluff--,,my ,,lady',s ,,toilet --,,going ,,to ,,jerusalem ,,magic ,,music ,a beautiful game1 which amuses even the mere spectator as much as it does the players4 ,one of the company sits at the piano while another leaves the room4 ,the rest of the party then hide some article1 previously agreed upon1 and recall the absent player4 ,at his entrance the pianist begins playing some lively air1 very softly1 keeping up a sort of musical commentary upon his search1 playing louder as he approaches the goal1 and softer when he wanders away from it4 ,in this way he is guided to at last discover the object of his search4 ,,cushion ,,dance ,the cushions are set upright in a circle on the floor4 ,the players then join hands1 and form a ring round them4 ,the circle formed by the cushions should be almost as large as the ring formed by the players1 and the cushions may be placed at a considerable distance apart4 ,the players in the ring dance round2 and each player1 as he dances1 tries to make his neighbors knock over the cushions4 ,he1 however1 avoids knocking over any himself4 ,the players should not break the ring1 as the penalty to one letting go hands is expulsion from the ring4 ,if it is preferred1 ,indian clubs placed on end may be substituted for the cushions4 ,,musical ,,instruments ,the players sit in a circle and form an orchestra4 ,the conductor stands in the center4 ,a tune is decided on1 and the instruments are selected4 ,then the conductor beats time1 and each player imitates as well as he can the sound of his instrument1 and the motion used in playing it4 ,suddenly the conductor turns to one of the players and asks1 ,what is the matter with your instrument8 and immediately counts ten4 ,before he finishes counting1 the player who has been questioned must begin an answer which is appropriate to his instrument4 ,if his answer is inappropriate1 or if it is not begun before the counting stops1 he must change places with the conductor4 ,whenever the conductor claps his hands the music must stop1 and the players must remain in the attitudes in which they were when he gave the signal4 ,any one who fails to stop humming1 or who changes his position1 must become leader4 ,the same conductor may continue throughout the game4 ,the person who fails in any of the requirements of the game then pays a forfeit4 ,,animal ,,blindman',s ,,bluff ,a blindfolded player stands in the center of a circle with a wand1 stick1 or cane in his hand4 ,the other players dance around him in a circle until he taps three times on the floor with the cane1 when all must stand still4 ,the blindfolded one points his cane in any direction4 ,the one directly opposite it must make a noise like an animal4 ,from this the person in the center of the ring guesses the other's identity4 ,if he does so1 there is an exchange of places4 ,,my ,,lady',s ,,toilet ,this is a ,french game4 ,in it each player is named for some article of ,my ,lady's ,toilet1 such as her gown1 her hat1 her gloves1 etc4 ,the players sit in a circle1 and when the leader mentions an article of the toilet1 the one who is named for it must rush to the center of the ring before the platter stops spinning there4 ,if successful1 he or she takes the place of the spinner in the center of the ring4 ,if unsuccessful1 the person returns to his or her place4 ,the leader may keep up the interest of the game by comments on the toilettes4 ,this is most interesting in story form4 ,a variation of this game introduces the word ball4 ,whenever this is spoken of1 the players must jump up and change places1 the spinner trying to secure a seat in the general confusion4 ,the odd player becomes a spinner4 ,,mary ,,and ,,john ,the players--all but two--form a circle and clasp hands4 ,two odd players in the center are called1 ,mary and ,john4 ,the object of the game is for ,john to catch ,mary4 ,as he is blindfolded1 he can only locate her in her stealthy movements by the sound of her muffled voice4 ,when he says1 ,mary1 where are you8 she must answer as often as he questions her4 ,mary may stoop or tiptoe1 or resort to any means to escape capture1 except leaving the ring4 ,when ,mary is captured she is blindfolded and ,john takes her seat4 ,so the game goes on after ,mary has chosen a new ,john4 ,,going ,,to ,,jerusalem ,this is a piano game1 but does not require great skill4 ,one person goes to the piano1 while the others arrange in a line as many chairs1 less one1 as there are players1 the chairs alternately facing opposite directions4 ,then1 as the pianist begins to play1 the others commence marching around the line of chairs1 keeping time to the music4 ,when this suddenly ceases1 everybody tries to sit down1 but as there is one less chair than players1 somebody is left standing1 and must remain out of the game4 ,then another chair is removed1 and the march continues1 until the chairs decrease to one1 and the players to two4 ,whichever of these succeeds in seating himself as the music stops1 has won the game4 ,,what ,d',,ye ,,buy8 ,this game may be played by any number from three to thirteen4 ,there are a dozen good-sized pieces of cardboard1 each bearing a colored illustration of one of the trades following1 viz43 a milliner1 a fishmonger1 a greengrocer1 plumber1 a music-seller1 a toyman1 mason1 a pastry-cook1 a hardware-man1 a tailor1 a poulterer1 and a doctor4 ,besides these there are a number of smaller tickets1 half a dozen to each trade4 ,each of these has the name of the particular trade1 and also the name of some article in which the particular tradesman in question may be considered to deal4 ,a book accompanies the cards1 containing a nonsense story1 with a blank at the end of each sentence4 ,one of the players is chosen as leader1 and the others each select a trade1 receiving the appropriate picture1 and the six cards containing the names of the articles in which the tradesman deals4 ,he places his sign before him on the table1 and holds the remainder of his cards in his hand4 ,the leader then reads the story1 and whenever he comes to one of the blanks1 he glances towards one of the other players1 who must immediately1 under penalty of a forfeit1 supply the blank with some article he sells1 at the same time laying down the card bearing its name4 ,the incongruity of the article named with the context make the fun of the game1 which is heightened by the vigilance which each player must exercise in order to avoid a forfeit4 ,where the number of players is very small1 each may undertake two or more trades4 ,we will give an illustration4 ,the concluding words indicate the trade of the person at whom the leader glances to fill up a given hiatus4 ,ladies and gentlemen1 ,i propose to relate some curious adventures which befell me and my wife ,peggy the other day1 but as ,i am troubled with a complaint called ',non mi ricordo1' or the ',can't remembers1' ,i shall want each of you to tell me what you sell2 therefore1 when ,i stop and look at one of you1 you must be brisk in recommending your goods4 ,whoever does not name something before ,i count 'three' must pay a forfeit4 ,attention6 ,last ,friday week ,i was awakened very early in the morning by a loud knocking at my door in ,humguffin ,court4 ,i got up in a great fright1 and put on--7looks at ,toyman1 who replies1 ,a fool's cap and bells1 and lays down that card74 ,when ,i got downstairs1 who should be there but a fat porter1 with a knot1 on which he carried--7,poulterer7 a pound of pork sausages4 ',hallo6' said ,i1 'my fellow1 what do you want at this time of day8' ,he answered--7,fishmonger7 ',a cod's head and shoulders4' ',get along with you1' ,i said2 'there's my neighbor1 ,dr4 ,drenchall1 ,i see1 wants'--7,butcher7 'a sheep's head4' ,i now went up to shave1 but my soap-dish was gone1 and the maid brought me instead--7,milliner7 a lady's chip hat4 ,my razor had been taken to chop firewood1 so ,i used--7,greengrocer7 a cucumber4 ,i then washed my face in--7,doctor7 a cup of quinine1 cleaned my teeth with--7,fishmonger7 a fresh herring1 and combed my hair with--7,pastrycook7 a jam tart4 ,my best coat was taken possession of by pussy and kittens1 so ,i whipped on--7,hardware-man7 a dripping pan4 ,the monkey1 seeing how funny ,i looked1 snatched off my wig1 and clapped on my head--7,poulterer7 a fat hen4 ,i now awoke my wife1 and asked her what she had nice for breakfast2 she said--7,doctor7 a mustard plaster4 ,then ,i scolded ,sukey1 the servant1 and called her--7,poulterer7 a tough old turkey4 ,but she saucily told me ,i was no better than--7,music-seller7 an old fiddle4 ,i soon had enough of that1 so ,i asked my wife to go with me to buy--7,tailor7 a pair of trousers4 ,but she said she must have her lunch first1 which consisted of---- etc41 etc41 through half a dozen pages1 the tradesmen supply more or less appropriate articles to fill up the gaps in the discourse4 ,,chapter ,v4 ,,raisin ,,tortoise--,,lemon ,,pig--,,seasick ,,passenger--,,enchanted ,,raisins--,,lump ,,of ,,sugar--,,mysterious ,,production--,,family ,,giant ,,the ,,raisin ,,tortoise ,this noble animal is constructed as follows3 ,a muscatel raisin forms the body1 and small portions of the stalk of the same fruit the head and legs4 ,with a little judgment in the selection of the pieces of stalk and the mode in which they are thrust into the body1 it is surprising what a life-like tortoise may be thus produced4 ,while the work of art in question is being handed round on a plate for admiration1 the artist may further distinguish himself1 if the wherewithal is obtainable1 by constructing ,,the ,,lemon ,,pig ,the body of the pig consists of a lemon4 ,the shape of this fruit renders it particularly well adapted for this purpose1 the crease or shoulder at the small end of the lemon being just the right shape to form the head and neck of the pig4 ,with three or four lemons to choose from1 you cannot fail to find at least one which will answer the purpose exactly4 ,the mouth and ears are made by cutting the ring with a penknife1 the legs of short ends of lucifer matches1 and the eyes either of black pins1 thrust in up to the head1 or grape stones4 ,,the ,,seasick ,,passenger ,the requirements for this touching picture are an orange1 a pocket handkerchief or soft table napkin1 and a narrow water goblet4 ,the orange is first prepared by cutting in the rind with a penknife the best ears1 nose1 and mouth which the artist can compass1 a couple of raisin-pips supplying the place of eyes4 ,a pocket handkerchief is stretched lightly over the glass1 and the prepared orange laid thereon4 ,the pocket-handkerchief is then moved gently backward and forward over the top of the glass1 imparting to the orange a rolling motion1 and affording a laughable but striking caricature of the agonies of a seasick passenger4 ,,the ,,enchanted ,,raisins ,take four raisins or bread-pills1 and place them about a foot apart1 so as to form a square on the table4 ,next fold a couple of table-napkins1 each into a pad of five inches square4 ,take one of these in each hand1 the fingers undermost and the thumb uppermost4 ,then inform the company that you are about to give them a lesson in the art of hanky-panky1 etc41 and in the course of your remarks1 bring down the two napkins carelessly over the two raisins farthest from you4 ,leave the right-hand napkin on the table1 but1 in withdrawing the hand1 bring away the raisin between the second and third fingers1 and at the same moment remarking1 ,you must watch particularly how many raisins ,i place under each napkin4 ,lift the left napkin 7as if merely to show that there is one raisin only beneath it71 and transfer it to the palm of the outstretched right hand1 behind which the raisin is now concealed4 ,without any perceptible pause1 but at the same time without any appearance of haste1 replace the folded napkin on raisin ,no4 #b1 and in so doing1 leave raisin ,no4 #a beside it4 ,now take up raisin ,no4 #c 7with the right hand74 ,put the hand under the table1 and in doing so get raisin ,no4 #c between the second and third fingers1 as much behind the hand as possible4 ,give a rap with the knuckles on the underside of the table1 at the same time saying1 ,pass6 and forthwith pick up the left-hand napkin with the left hand1 showing the raisins #a and #b beneath it4 ,all eyes are drawn to the two raisins on the table1 and as the right hand comes into sight from beneath the table1 the left quietly transfers the napkin to it1 thereby effectually concealing the presence of raisin ,no4 #c4 ,the napkin is again laid over raisins #a and #b1 and ,no4 #c is secretly deposited with them4 ,no4 #d is then taken in the right hand1 and the process repeated1 when three raisins are naturally discovered1 the napkin being once more replaced1 and ,no4 #d left with the rest4 ,there are now four raisins under the left-hand napkin1 and none under that on the right hand1 though the spectators are persuaded that there is one under the latter1 and only three under the former4 ,the trick being now practically over1 the performer may please himself as to the form of the denouement1 and1 having gone through any appropriate form of incantation1 commands the imaginary one to go and join the other three1 which is found to have taken place accordingly4 ,,the ,,demon ,,lump ,,of ,,sugar ,the performer commences by borrowing two hats1 which he places1 crowns upward1 upon the table1 drawing particular attention to the fact that there is nothing whatever under either of them4 ,he next demands the loan of the family sugar basin1 and requests some one to select from it a lump of sugar 7preferably one of an unusual and easily distinguished shape71 at the same time informing them that1 by means of a secret process1 only known to himself1 he will undertake to swallow such lump of sugar before their eyes1 and yet1 after a few minutes' interval1 bring it under either of the two hats they may choose4 ,the company1 having been prepared by the last trick to expect some ingenious piece of sleight-of-hand1 are all on the qui vive to prevent any substitution of another lump of sugar1 or any pretence of swallowing without actually doing so4 ,however1 the performer does unmistakably take the identical lump of sugar chosen and crushes it to pieces with his teeth4 ,he then asks1 with unabated confidence1 under which of the two hats he shall bring it1 and1 the choice having been made1 places the chosen hat on his own head1 and in that way fulfills his undertaking4 ,,the ,,mysterious ,,production ,this is another feat of the genus sell1 and to produce due effect1 should only be introduced after the performer has1 by virtue of a little genuine magic1 prepared the company to expect from him something a little out of the common4 ,he begins by informing the spectators that he is about to show them a great mystery1 a production of nature on which no human being has ever yet set eye1 and which1 when they have once seen1 no human being will ever set eyes on again4 ,when the general interest is sufficiently awakened1 he takes a nut from the dish1 and1 having gravely cracked it1 exhibits the kernel1 and says1 ,here is an object which you will admit no human being has ever seen1 and which 7here he puts it into his mouth and gravely swallows it7 ,i am quite sure nobody will ever see again4 ,,the ,,family ,,giant ,a very fair giant1 for domestic purposes1 may be produced by the simple expedient of seating a young lad astride on the shoulders of one of the older members of the company1 and draping the combined figure with a long cloak or ,inverness cape4 ,the head portion may1 of course1 be made up as much as you please1 the more complete the disguise the more effective being the giant4 ,a ferocious-looking moustache and whiskers will greatly add to his appearance4 ,if some ready-witted member of the party will undertake to act as showman1 and exhibit the giant1 holding a lively conversation with him1 and calling attention to his gigantic idiosyncrasies1 a great deal of fun may be produced4 ,the joke should not1 however1 be very long continued1 as the feelings of the legs have to be considered4 ,if too long deprived of air and light they are apt to wax rebellious1 and either carry the giant in the directions he would fain avoid1 or even occasionally to strike together1 and bring the giant's days to a sudden and undignified termination4 ,,chapter ,,vi ,,the ,,what-,,do-,,you-,,think8--,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,whistle--,,can ,,do ,,little-- ,,throwing ,,light ,,the ,,what-,,do-,,you-,,think8 ,the exhibitor begins1 in proper showman style3 ,ladies and gentlemen1 ,i have the pleasure of exhibiting to your notice the celebrated ',what-do-you-think8' or ,giant ,uncle-,eater4 ,you have all probably heard of the ,ant-,eater4 ,this is1 as you will readily perceive1 a member of the same family1 but more so6 ,he measures seven feet from the tip of his snout to the end of his tail1 eight feet back again1 five feet around the small of his waist1 and has four feet of his own1 making twenty-four in all4 ,in his natural state he lives chiefly on blue-bottle flies and mixed pickles1 but in captivity it is found that so rich a diet has a tendency to make him stout1 and he is now fed exclusively on old corks and back numbers of some daily paper4 ,his voice1 which you may perhaps have an opportunity of hearing 7here the ',what-do-you-think8' howls dismally71 is in the key of ,b fiat1 and is greatly admired4 ,people come here before breakfast to hear it1 and when they have heard it1 they assure us that they never heard anything like it before4 ,some have even gone so far as to say that they never wish to hear anything like it again1' etc4 ,the ,what-do-you-think8 is manufactured as follows3 ,the performer1 who should have black kid gloves on1 places on his head a conical paper cap1 worked up with the aid of the nursery paint box into a rough semblance of an animal's head4 ,this being securely fastened on1 he goes down on his hands and knees and a shaggy railway rug 7of fur1 if procurable7 is thrown over him and secured round his neck1 when the animal is complete4 ,,the ,,knight ,,of ,,the ,,whistle ,this is a capital game for everybody but the victim1 and produces much fun4 ,some one who does not know the game is chosen to be ,knight of the ,whistle1 and is commanded to kneel down and receive the honor of knighthood1 which the leader 7armed with a light cane1 the drawing- room poker1 or other substitute for a sword7 confers by a slight stroke on the back4 ,while placing him in position1 opportunity is taken to attach to his back1 by means of a bent pin or otherwise1 a piece of string about a foot in length1 to which is appended a small light whistle4 ,having been duly dubbed1 in order to complete his dignity1 he is informed that he must now go in quest of the whistle1 which will be sounded at intervals1 in order to guide him in his search4 ,meanwhile the other players gather in a circle round him1 making believe to pass an imaginary object from hand to hand4 ,the victim naturally believes that this imaginary object must be the long-lost whistle1 and makes a dash for it accordingly1 when the player who happens to be behind his back blows the actual whistle and instantly drops it again4 ,round flies the unhappy knight1 and makes a fresh dash to seize the whistle1 but in vain4 ,no sooner has he turned to a fresh quarter than the ubiquitous whistle again sounds behind his back4 ,if the game is played smartly1 and care taken not to pull the cord1 the knight may often be kept revolving for a considerable period before he discovers the secret4 ,,he ,,can ,,do ,,little4 ,this is another sell of almost childish simplicity1 but we have seen people desperately puzzled over it1 and even give it up in despair4 ,the leader takes a stick 7or poker7 in his left hand1 thence transfers it to his right1 and thumps three times on the floor1 saying3 ,he can do little who can't do this4 ,he then hands the stick to another person1 who1 as he supposes1 goes through exactly the same performance2 but if he does not know the game1 is generally told1 to his disgust1 that he has incurred a forfeit1 his imitation not having been exact4 ,the secret lies in the fact that the stick1 when passed on1 is first received in the left hand and thence transferred to the right before going through the performance4 ,,throwing ,,light4 ,two of the company agree privately upon a word 7which should be one susceptible of two or three meanings71 and interchange remarks tending to throw light upon it4 ,the rest of the players do their best to guess the word1 but when any of them fancies he has succeeded1 he does not publicly announce his guess1 but makes such a remark as to indicate to the two initiated that he has discovered their secret4 ,if they have any doubt that he has really guessed the word1 they challenge him1 i4e41 require him to name it in a whisper4 ,if this guess proves to be right1 he joins in conversation1 and assists in throwing light on the subject2 but if1 on the other hand1 he is wrong1 he must submit to have a handkerchief thrown over his head1 and so remain until by some more fortunate observation he shall prove that he really possesses the secret4 ,we will give an example4 ,mr4 ,a4 and ,miss ,b4 have agreed on bed as the word1 and proceed to throw light upon it1 alternating upon its various meanings of a place of repose1 a part of a garden1 or the bed of a river4 ,miss ,b4 ,i don't know what your opinion may be1 but ,i am never tired of it4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,well1 for my part1 ,i am never in a hurry1 either to get to it or to leave it4 ,miss ,b4 ,how delightful it is after a long1 tiring day6 ,mr4 ,a4 ,yes4 ,but it is a pleasure that soon palls4 ,the most luxurious person does not care for too much of it at a stretch4 ,miss ,b4 ,oh1 don't you think so4 ,in early spring1 for instance1 with the dew upon the flowers6 ,mr4 ,a4 ,ah6 you take the romantic view4 ,but how would you like it beneath some rapid torrent or some broad majestic river8 ,miss ,c4 7thinks she sees her way1 and hazards a remark74 ,or in a sauce8 ,mr4 ,a4 ,i beg your pardon4 ,please tell me in a whisper what you suppose the word to be8 ,miss ,c4 7whispers7 ,fish6 ,what6 isn't that right8 ,mr4 ,a4 ,i am afraid you must submit to a temporary eclipse4 7,throws her handkerchief over her face47 ,mr4 ,a4 to ,miss ,b4 ,you mentioned spring1 ,i think4 ,for my own part1 ,i prefer feathers4 ,mr4 ,d4 7rashly concludes1 from the combination of spring and feathers1 that spring chickens must be referred to74 ,surely you would have them plucked8 ,mr4 ,a4 7looks puzzled74 ,i think not ,may ,i ask you to name your guess8 ,oh1 no1 quite out4 ,i must trouble you for your pocket handkerchief4 ,miss ,b4 ,it is curious1 isn't it1 that they must be made afresh every day8 ,mr4 ,a4 ,so it is2 though ,i confess it never struck me in that light before4 ,i don't fancy1 however1 that old ,brown1 the gardener1 makes his quite so often4 ,miss ,b4 ,you may depend that he has it made for him1 though4 ,miss ,c4 7from under the handkerchief74 ,at any rate1 according as he makes it1 his fate will be affected accordingly4 ,you know the proverb8 ,mr4 ,a4 7removing the handkerchief74 ,you have fairly earned your release4 ,by the way1 do you remember an old paradox upon this subject1 ,what nobody cares to give away1 yet nobody wishes to keep8 ,miss ,e4 ,ah6 now you have let out the secret4 ,i certainly don't wish to keep mine for long together1 but ,i would willingly give it away if ,i could get a better4 ,miss ,b4 ,tell me your guess4 7,miss ,e4 whispers47 ,yes1 you have hit it4 ,i was afraid ,mr4 ,a4's last light was rather too strong4 ,and so the game goes on1 until every player is in the secret1 or the few who may be still in the dark give it up and plead for mercy4 ,this1 however1 is a rare occurrence1 for1 as the company in general become acquainted with the secret1 the lights are flashed about in a rash and reckless manner1 till the task of guessing becomes almost a matter of course to an ordinarily acute person4 ,,chapter ,,vii ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,,charades3 ,,cicero--,,attenuate--,,suggested ,,words--,,metaphysician-- ,,charades ,,on ,,the ,,grecian ,,islands ,,acting ,,charades ,in some form or other the game of charades is played in almost every country under the sun4 ,in acting charades the characters and situation are made to represent a play upon a word or words by portraying some feature which vividly brings such word or words to the mind4 ,here is a popular one3 ,send one-half the company out of the room1 into another which may be separated by double doors2 portieres are best for the purpose4 ,the party in the inner room think of some word which can be represented entire1 in pantomime or tableau1 and proceed to enact it4 ,after they have made up1 the door opens1 and discloses half a dozen girls standing in a line1 while one of the acting party announces that this striking tableau represents the name of a famous orator4 ,the others failing to guess are told that ,cicero 7,sissy-row7 is the orator represented4 ,again1 just as the clock strikes ten1 the doors opening reveal a lady eating an apple or any convenient edible1 while a gentleman who stands near points to the clock and then at her4 ,this being correctly guessed to represent attenuate 7at ten you ate71 the other side goes from the room and the previous performers become the audience4 ,there are a host of words which with a little ingenuity may be turned to account4 ,for example3 ,ingratiate4 7,in gray she ate47 ,catering4 7,kate4 ,her ring47 ,hero4 7,he row47 ,tennessee4 7,ten1 ,i see47 ,the following are also good charade words3 ,knighthood1 penitent1 looking-glass1 hornpipe1 necklace1 indolent1 lighthouse1 ,hamlet1 pantry1 phantom1 windfall1 sweepstake1 sackcloth1 antidote1 antimony1 pearl powder1 kingfisher1 football1 housekeeping1 infancy1 snowball1 definite1 bowstring1 carpet1 ,sunday1 ,shylock1 earwig1 matrimony1 cowhiding1 welcome1 friendship1 horsemanship1 coltsfoot1 bridegroom1 housemaid1 curl-papers1 crumpet4 ,we will take the word windfall1 as affording a ready illustration of the pantomime charade4 ,wind may be represented by a ,german band1 puffing away at imaginary ophicleides and trombones1 with distended cheeks and frantic energy1 though in perfect silence4 ,fall may be portrayed by an elderly gentleman with umbrella up1 who walks unsuspectingly on an ice slide and falls4 ,the complete word windfall may be represented by a young man sitting alone1 leaning his elbows on his hands1 and having every appearance of being in the last stage of impecuniosity4 ,to produce this effect1 he may go through a pantomime of examining his purse and showing it empty1 searching his pockets and turning them one by one inside out1 shaking his head mournfully and sitting down again1 throwing into his expression as much despair as he conveniently can4 ,a letter carrier's whistle is heard2 a servant enters with a legal-looking letter4 ,the impecunious hero1 tearing it open1 produces from it a roll of stage banknotes1 and forthwith gives way to demonstrations of the most extravagant delight1 upon which the curtain falls4 ,in another the curtain rises 7i4e41 the folding-doors are thrown open71 and a placard is seen denoting1 ,this is ,madison ,square1 or any other place where professional men congregate4 ,two gentlemen in out-door costumes cross the stage from opposite sides and bow gravely on passing each other1 one of them saying1 as they do so1 ,good morning1 doctor4 ,the curtain falls1 and the audience are informed that the charade1 which represents a word of six syllables1 is complete in that scene4 ,when the spectators have guessed or been told that the word is met-a-physician1 the curtain again rises on precisely the same scene1 and the same performance1 action for action1 and word for word1 is repeated over again4 ,the audience hazard the same word metaphysician as the answer1 but are informed that they are wrong--the word now represented having only three syllables1 and they ultimately discover that the word is metaphor 7met afore74 ,in another charade is seen a little toy wooden horse1 such as can be bought for fifty cents4 ,the spectators are told that this forms a word of two syllables1 representing an island in the ,aegean ,sea4 ,if the spectators are well up in ancient geography1 they may possibly guess that ,delos 7deal hoss7 is referred to4 ,the curtain falls1 and again rises on the same contemptible object1 which is now stated to represent a second island in the same part of the world4 ,the classical reader will at once see that ,samos 7same hoss7 is intended4 ,again the curtain rises on the representation of an island4 ,two little wooden horses now occupy the scene1 ,pharos 7pair 'oss7 being the island referred to4 ,once more the curtain rises1 this time on a group of charming damsels1 each reclining in a woebegone attitude1 surrounded by pill boxes and physic bottles1 and apparently suffering from some painful malady4 ,this scene represents a word of three syllables1 and is stated to include all that has gone before4 ,cyclades 7sick ladies71 the name of the group to which ,delos1 ,samos and ,pharos belong1 is of course the answer4 ,a comical charade is a performance representing the word imitation4 ,the spectators are informed that the charade about to be performed can be exhibited to only one person at a time4 ,one person is accordingly admitted into the room in which the actors are congregated4 ,the unhappy wight stares about him with curiosity1 not unmingled with apprehension1 fearing to be made the victim of some practical joke2 nor is his comfort increased by finding that his every look or action is faithfully copied by each person present4 ,this continues until he has either guessed or given up the word1 when a fresh victim is admitted1 and the new initiate becomes in turn one of the actors4 ,sometimes1 however1 the victim manages to turn the laugh against his persecutors4 ,we have known a young lady1 seeing through the joke1 quietly take a chair and remain motionless1 reducing the matter to a simple trial of patience between herself and the company4 ,,chapter ,,viii ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,,living ,,pictures--,,tableaux3 ,,dignity ,,and ,,impudence--,,sailor',s ,,farewell--,,home ,,again--,,various ,,tableaux ,,living ,,pictures ,there are few better amusements for a large party in the same house1 with plenty of time on their hands1 than the organization of tableaux vivants1 or living representations4 ,tableaux1 to be successfully represented1 demand quite as much attention to detail as a theatrical performance1 and scarcely less careful rehearsal4 ,the first element of success is a competent stage manager4 ,his artistic taste should be beyond all question1 and his will should be law among the members of his corps4 ,the essentials of a living picture are very much the same as those of a picture of the inanimate description1 viz41 form1 color and arrangement4 ,if1 therefore1 you can secure for the office of stage manager a gentleman of some artistic skill1 by all means do so1 as his technical knowledge will be found of the greatest possible service4 ,before proceeding to plan your series of pictures1 it will be necessary to provide the frame in which they are to be exhibited4 ,if the room which you propose to use has folding doors1 they will of course be used4 ,a curtain1 preferably of some dark color1 should be hung on each side1 and a lambrequin or valance across the top4 ,where circumstances admit1 the directions we give elsewhere as to the construction of a stage and proscenium for private theatricals may be followed with advantage4 ,in any case1 a piece of fine gauze should be carefully stretched over the whole length and depth of the opening4 ,this is found1 by producing softer outlines1 materially to enhance the pictorial effect4 ,if it is practicable to have a raised stage1 it will be found of great addition4 ,where this cannot be arranged1 it is well to place a board1 six inches in width1 and covered with the same material as the rest of the frame1 across the floor 7on edge7 from side to side1 in the position which the footlights would ordinarily occupy4 ,the next consideration will be the curtain4 ,the ordinary domestic curtains1 hung by rings from a rod or pole1 and opening in the middle1 will serve as a makeshift2 but where a really artistic series of tableaux is contemplated1 the regular stage curtain of green baize is decidedly to be preferred4 ,the question of background will be the next point to be considered4 ,tableaux vivants may be divided into two classes1 the dramatic1 i4e41 representing some incident1 e4g41 a duel1 or a trial in a court of justice1 and the simply artistic1 viz41 such as portray merely a group1 allegorical or otherwise1 without reference to any particular plot or story4 ,for the former1 an appropriate scene is required1 varying with each tableau represented2 for the latter1 all that is necessary is a simple background of drapery1 of such a tone of color as to harmonize with1 and yet to give full prominence to1 the group of actors4 ,the material of the latter as also the covering of the floor1 should be of woolen or velvet1 so as to absorb rather than reflect light4 ,a lustrous background1 as of satin or glazed calico1 will completely destroy the effect of an otherwise effective tableau4 ,the lighting is a point of very considerable importance--the conditions appropriate to an ordinary theatrical performance being here reversed4 ,in an ordinary dramatic performance all shadow is a thing to be avoided1 the point aimed at being to secure a strong bright light1 uniformly distributed over the stage4 ,in a tableau vivant1 on the contrary1 the skillful manipulation of light and shade is a valuable aid in producing artistic effect4 ,footlights should1 in this case1 either be dispensed with altogether or at any rate used very sparingly1 the stronger light coming from one or the other side4 ,a good deal of experiment and some little artistic taste will be necessary to attain the right balance in this particular4 ,where gas is available it will afford the readiest means of illumination4 ,what is called a string light1 viz41 a piece of gaspipe with fishtail burners at frequent intervals1 connected with the permanent gas arrangements of the house by a piece of india rubber tube1 and fixed in a vertical position behind each side of the temporary proscenium1 will be found very effective2 one or the other set of lights being turned up1 as may be necessary4 ,where a green or red light is desired1 the interposition of a strip of glass of that color1 or of a medium of red or green silk or tammy1 will give the necessary tone4 ,colored fires are supplied for the same purpose1 but are subject to the drawback of being somewhat odoriferous in combustion4 ,where1 as is sometimes the case1 a strong white light is required1 this may be produced by burning the end of a piece of magnesium wire in the flame of an ordinary candle4 ,these points being disposed of1 costume and make-up will be the next consideration4 ,as to the latter1 the reader will find full instructions in the chapter devoted to private theatricals4 ,with respect to costume1 as the characters are seen for only a few moments1 and in one position1 this point may be dealt with in a much more rough-and-ready manner than would be advisable in the case of a regular dramatic performance4 ,the royal crown need only be golden1 the royal robe need only be trimmed with ermine-on the side toward the spectators2 indeed1 the proudest of sovereigns1 from the audience point of view1 may1 as seen from the rear1 be the humblest of citizens4 ,even on the side toward the spectators a great deal of make believe is admissible4 ,seen through the intervening gauze1 the cheapest cotton velvet is equal to the richest silk2 glazed calico takes the place of satin2 and even the royal ermine may be admirably simulated by tails of black worsted stitched on a ground of flannel4 ,lace may be manufactured from cut paper1 and a dollar's worth of tinsel will afford jewels for a congress of sovereigns4 ,of course1 there is not the least objection to his wearing a crown of the purest gold1 or diamonds of the finest possible water 7if he can get them71 but they will not look one whit more effective than the homely substitutes we have mentioned4 ,a ghost effect may1 where necessary1 be produced by the aid of a magic lantern2 the other lights of the tableau being lowered in order to give sufficient distinctness to the reflection4 ,dramatic tableaux may often be exhibited with advantage in two or more scenes2 the curtain being lowered for a moment in order to enable the characters to assume a fresh position4 ,examples of this will be found among the tableaux which follow4 ,having indicated the general arrangements of tableaux vivants1 we append1 for the reader's assistance1 a selection of effective subjects1 both simply pictorial and dramatic4 ,i4 ,,dignity ,,and ,,impudence4 7,with background of plain drapery1 remaining unchanged47 ,a magnificent flunkey1 in a gorgeous suit of livery1 standing1 with left hand on hip1 right hand in breast1 side by side with a very small and saucy boy in buttons1 upon whom he looks down superciliously4 ,boy with both hands in trouser pockets and gazing up at his companion with an expression of impertinent familiarity4 ,,ii4 ,,the ,,fortune-,,teller ,a pretty girl1 in simple outdoor costume1 standing sideways to the spectators1 with downcast eyes and a half-smiling1 half-frightened expression4 ,the fortune-teller faces her and holds the young lady's right hand in her left1 while her own right hand holds a coin with which she is apparently tracing the lines of the young lady's palm1 at the same time gazing with an arch expression into her face1 as though to note the effect of her predictions4 ,the fortune-teller should be in gipsy costume1 a short1 dark skirt and a hood of some brighter material thrown carelessly over her head4 ,she should be of a swarthy complexion1 with a good deal of color and jet-black hair4 ,,iii4 ,,faith ,a large cross1 apparently of white marble 7really of deal1 well washed with whitening and size7 occupies a diagonal position across the center of the stage1 facing slightly toward the left4 ,its base or plinth is formed of two or three successive platforms or steps of the same material4 ,at the foot a woman kneels1 clasping her arms around the cross1 as though she had just thrown herself into that position in escaping from some danger4 ,her gaze should be directed upward4 ,a loose brown robe and hood1 the latter thrown back off the head1 will be the most appropriate costume4 ,magnesium light from above4 ,,iv4 ,,hope ,a female figure1 clothed in sober gray1 and seated on a very low stool1 facing right and gazing heavenward4 7,if a sky background is procurable1 a single star should be visible1 and should be the object of her gaze47 ,her right elbow rests upon her right knee1 and her right hand supports her chin4 ,her left hand hangs by her side1 and at her feet lies the emblematic anchor4 ,red light1 not too strong4 ,v4 ,,charity ,a ragged boy1 barefooted and clasping a wornout broom1 sits huddled on the ground left1 but facing right4 ,his arms are folded and rest on his knees1 and his head is bent down upon them1 so as to hide his face4 ,a girl1 in nun's costume1 is touching him on the shoulder1 and apparently proffering help and sympathy4 ,,vi4 ,,single ,,life ,scene1 a tolerably well-furnished but untidy sitting-room1 with numerous traces of bachelor occupation1 such as crossed foils on the wall1 a set of boxing-gloves under a side table1 boots1 hats and walking-sticks lying about in various directions4 ,on one corner of the table some one has apparently breakfasted in rather higgledy-piggledy fashion4 ,near the table sits a young man1 with a short pipe in his mouth and one foot bare1 while he is endeavoring to darn an extremely dilapidated sock4 ,,vii4 ,,the ,,sailor',s ,,farewell ,scene1 a cottage home4 ,a young man1 in sailor costume and with a bundle on his shoulder1 stands with his right hand on the latch of the door1 right center1 but looking back with a sorrowful expression at his wife--personated by a young lady in short black or blue skirt1 red or white blouse1 and white mob-cap--who sits with her apron up to her eyes in an apparent agony of grief4 ,three children are present1 the two elder crying for sympathy1 the youngest sitting in a crib or cradle and amusing himself with some toy1 in apparent unconsciousness of his father's approaching departure4 ,soft blue light from left4 ,music1 ,the ,minstrel ,boy4 ,,viii4 ,,home ,,again4 ,the same scene4 ,children a couple of years older4 7,this may be effected by suppressing the youngest and introducing a fresh eldest1 as much like the others as possible47 ,the sailor of the last scene1 slightly more tanned1 and with a fuller made-up beard1 has apparently just entered4 ,the wife has both arms round his neck1 her face being hidden in his bosom4 ,of the children1 the eldest has seized and is kissing her father's hand1 while the two younger each cling round one leg4 ,soft red light4 ,music1 ,a ,lass that ,loves a ,sailor1 or ,when ,johnny ,comes ,marching ,home ,again4 ,,various ,,tableaux ,we subjoin a list of favorite subjects1 leaving their actual arrangement to the taste and intelligence of the reader4 ,it will usually be safe to follow the hints in good illustrations4 ,choosing the ,wedding ,gown4 ,a charming scene after ,mulready1 from the ,vicar of ,wakefield4 ,william ,penn ,signing the ,treaty with the ,indians4 ,the ,drunkard's ,home1 ,signing the ,pledge1 ,the ,temperance ,home4 ,see some good illustrations4 ,mary ,queen of ,scots and the ,four ,maries4 ,mr4 ,pecksniff ,dismissing ,tom ,pinch4 ,the ,song of the ,shirt4 ,little ,red ,riding-,hood4 ,the ,duel from the ',corsican ,brothers4' ,heloise in ,her ,cell4 ,william ,tell ,shooting the ,apple ,from ,his ,son's ,head1 etc41 etc41 etc4 ,,chapter ,,ix4 ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,,wax ,,works ,,gallery3 ,,mrs4 ,,jarley',s ,,collection--,,chinese ,,giant--,,two-,,headed ,,girl--,,captain ,,kidd--,,celebrated ,,dwarf--,,yankee--,,cannibal1 ,,etc4 ,the idea is that of a waxwork exhibition1 the characters being personated1 after a burlesque fashion1 by living performers4 ,each figure is first duly described by the exhibitor1 and then wound up and made to go through certain characteristic movements4 ,the collection is supposed to be that of the far-famed ,mrs4 ,jarley1 of ,old ,curiosity ,shop celebrity4 ,she may be assisted1 if thought desirable1 by ,little ,nell and a couple of manservants1 ,john and ,peter4 ,the costume of ,mrs4 ,jarley is a black or chintz dress1 bright shawl and huge bonnet2 that of ,little ,nell may be a calico dress and white apron1 with hat slung over her arm4 ,john and ,peter may be dressed in livery suits1 and should be provided with watchman's rattle1 screwdriver1 hammer1 nails and oil-can4 ,at the rise of the curtain the figures are seen ranged in a semicircle at the back of the stage1 and ,little ,nell is discovered dusting them with a long feather brush4 ,mrs4 ,jarley stands in front1 and delivers her descriptive orations1 directing her men to bring forward each figure before she describes it4 ,after having been duly described1 the figure is wound up1 and goes through its peculiar movement1 and when it stops it is moved back to its place4 ,if the stage is small1 or it is desired that the same actors shall appear in various characters in succession1 the figures may be exhibited in successive groups or compartments1 the curtain being lowered to permit one party to retire and another to take their places4 ,after the whole of the figures of a given chamber have been described1 the assistants wind them all up1 and they go through their various movements simultaneously1 to a pianoforte accompaniment1 which should gradually go faster1 coming at last to a sudden stop1 when the figures become motionless and the curtain falls4 ,mrs4 ,jarley may be made a silent character1 sitting on one side1 and occasionally making believe to dust or arrange a figure1 while the patter is delivered by a male exhibitor4 ,or ,mrs4 ,jarley may1 if preferred1 be suppressed altogether1 and the exhibitor appear as 7say7 ,artemus ,ward1 or in ordinary evening costume1 without assuming any special character4 ,a good deal of fun may be made of the supposed tendency of any particular figure to tip over1 and the application1 by ,john and ,peter1 of wooden wedges1 penny pieces1 etc41 under its feet to keep it upright4 ,supposed defective working1 causing the figure to stop suddenly in the middle of its movements1 and involving the rewinding or oiling of its internal mechanism1 will also produce a good deal of amusement4 ,the winding up may be done with a bed-winch1 a bottle-jack key1 or the winch of a kitchen range1 the click of the mechanism being imitated by means of a watchman's rattle1 or by the even simpler expedient of drawing a piece of hard wood smartly along a notched stick4 7,this1 of course1 should be done out of sight of the audience47 ,the movement of the figure should be accompanied by the piano1 to a slow or lively measure1 as may be most appropriate4 ,the arrangement being complete and the curtain raised1 ,mrs4 ,jarley delivers her opening speech1 about as follows3 ,ladies and gentlemen1 you here behold ,mrs4 ,jarley1 one of the most remarkable women of the world1 who has traveled all over the country with her curious ,collection of ,waxworks4 ,these figures have been gathered1 at great expense1 from every clime and country1 and are here shown together for the first time4 ,i shall describe each one of them for your benefit1 and1 after ,i have given you their history1 ,i shall have each one of them wound up1 for they are all fitted with clockwork inside1 and they can thus go through the same motions they did when living4 ,in fact1 they execute their movements so naturally that many people have supposed them to be alive2 but ,i assure you that they are all made of wood and wax--blockheads every one4 ,without further prelude1 ,i shall now introduce to your notice each one of my figures1 beginning1 as usual1 with the last one first4 ,i4 ,,the ,,chinese ,,giant ,a ,,man ,,or ,,woman ,,standing ,,on ,a ,,high ,,stool1 ,,chintz ,,skirt ,,around ,,the ,,waist1 ,,long ,,enough ,,to ,,hide ,,the ,,stool1 ,,chinese ,,overdress1 ,,hat1 ,,pig-,,tail ,,and ,,moustache ,this figure is universally allowed to be the tallest figure in my collection2 he originated in the two provinces of ,oolong and ,shanghi1 one province not being long enough to produce him4 ,on account of his extreme length it is impossible to give any adequate idea of him in one entertainment1 consequently he will be continued in our next4 ,he was the inventor1 projector and discoverer of ,niagara ,falls1 ,bunker's ,hill ,monument and the ,balm of ,columbia4 ,in fact1 everything was originally discovered by him or some other of the ,chinese4 ,the portrait of this person1 who was a high dignitary among them1 may be often seen depicted on a blue china plate1 standing upon a bridge1 which leans upon nothing1 at either end1 and intently observing two birds which are behind him in the distance4 ,john1 wind up the ,giant4 ,the ,giant bows low1 then wags his head three times and bows as before1 and after a dozen motions slowly stops4 ,you will observe that ,i have spared no expense in procuring wonders of every sort1 and here is my crowning effort or masterpiece-- ,,ii4 ,,the ,,two-,,headed ,,girl ,a remarkable freak of nature1 which impresses the beholder with silent awe4 ,observe the two heads and one body4 ,see these fair faces1 each one lovelier than the other4 ,no one can gaze upon them without a double sensation 'of sorrow and of joy'--sorrow that such beauty and grace were ever united1 and joy that he has had the pleasure of contemplating their union4 ,wind them up1 ,peter4 ,this figure is made by two young ladies standing back to back1 wrapped in one large skirt4 ,they hold their arms out1 with their hands hanging1 and slowly revolve when they are wound up4 ,,iii4 ,,the ,,sewing-,,woman ,john1 bring out the ,sewing-,woman1 and let the ladies behold the unfortunate seamstress who died from pricking her finger with a needle while sewing on ,sunday4 ,you see that the work which she holds is stained with gore1 which drips from her finger onto the floor4 7,which is poetry67 ,this forms a sad and melancholy warning to all heads of families immediately to purchase the best sewing-machines1 for this accident never could have happened had she not been without one of those excellent machines1 such as no family should be without4 ,costume3 ,optional4 ,when wound up1 the figure sews very stiffly and stops slowly4 ,,iv4 ,,captain ,,kidd ,,and ,,his ,,victim ,ladies and ,gentlemen3 ,permit me to call your attention to this beautiful group1 which has lately been added1 at an enormous expense1 to my collection4 ,you here behold the first privateer and the first victim of his murderous propensities4 ,captain ,kidd1 the robber of the main1 is supposed to have originated somewhere down east4 ,his whole life being spent upon the stormy deep1 he amassed an immense fortune1 and buried it in the sand along the flower-clad banks of ,cape ,cod1 by which course he invented the savings banks1 now so common along shore4 ,having hidden away so much property1 which1 like so many modern investments1 never can be unearthed1 he was known as a great sea-cretur4 ,before him kneels his lovely and innocent victim1 the ,lady ,blousabella ,infantina1 who was several times taken and murdered by this bloodthirsty tyrant1 which accounts for the calm look of resignation depicted upon her lovely countenance4 ,wind 'em up1 ,john4 ,costumes3 ,captain ,kidd--white pantaloons1 blue shirt1 sailor hat1 pistol and sword4 ,victim--,lady with flowing hair1 white dress4 ,movement--,the captain's sword moves up and down1 and the victim's arms go in unison4 ,v4 ,,the ,,siamese ,,twins ,two gentlemen dressed alike in ordinary costume1 with a large bone 7attached by wire or string7 between them4 ,one arm of each over the other's neck4 ,pugnacious expression of countenance4 ,the wonderful ,siamese ,twins compose the next group4 ,these remarkable brothers lived together in the greatest harmony1 though there was always a bone of contention between them4 ,they were never seen apart1 such was their brotherly fondness4 ,they married young1 both being opposed to a single life4 ,the short one is not quite so tall as his brother1 although their ages are about the same4 ,one of them was born in the ,island of ,borneo1 the other on the southern extremity of ,cape ,cod4 ,when wound up they begin to fight1 continue for a moment and stop suddenly4 ,,vi4 ,,the ,,celebrated ,,dwarf ,,boy ,,with ,,red ,,cloak1 ,,long ,,white ,,wig1 ,,bowl ,,and ,,spoon ,this wonderful child has created some interest in the medical and scientific world1 from the fact that he was thirteen years old when he was born1 and kept on growing older and older until he died1 at the somewhat advanced age of two hundred and ninety-seven1 in consequence of eating too freely of pies and cakes1 his favorite food4 ,he measured exactly two feet and seven inches from the crown of his head to the sole of his foot1 and two feet and ten inches back again4 ,was first discovered ten miles from any land and twelve miles from any water1 making the enormous total of ninety-one1 which figure was never before reached by any previous exhibition4 ,wind him up1 ,john4 ,dwarf eats very stiffly with a large spoon in his right hand2 in his left hand he holds a bowl1 which falls on the floor after a moment and is broken4 ,john1 get your tools and screw up that dwarf's hand1 for it has become so loose that it costs a fortune for the crockery he breaks4 ,john screws up the hand1 gets a new bowl1 and again winds up the figure1 which now moves with much greater energy4 ,,vii4 ,,the ,,vocalist ,bring out the ,vocalist4 ,i now call your attention to the most costly of all my figures4 ,this wonderful automaton singer represents ,signorina ,squallini1 the unrivaled vocalist1 whose notes are current in every market1 and sway all hearts at her own sweet will4 ,wind her up and let her liquid notes pour forth4 ,she gesticulates wildly1 and sings a few notes in a very extravagant manner1 then stops with a hoarse sound4 ,mrs4 ,j43 ,john1 this figure needs oiling4 ,why do you not attend to your duties better8 ,john gets oilcan1 which he applies to each ear of the figure1 which strikes a high note and sings with much expression and many trills1 then makes a gurgling sound1 as if running down1 and suddenly stops again4 ,costume3 ,evening dress4 ,,viii4 ,,the ,,yankee ,description3 ,a tall1 thin man1 clean shaven1 but for a tuft on chin1 dressed in black1 with broad-brimmed straw hat4 ,he is seated on a low rocking-chair1 with his legs resting on the back of another chair4 ,he holds a wooden stick1 which he is whittling with a jackknife4 ,you here behold a specimen of our irrepressible1 indomitable native ,yankee1 who has been everywhere1 seen everything and knows everything4 ,he has explored the arid jungles of ,africa1 drawn forth the spotted cobra by his prehensile tail1 snowballed the ,russian bear on the snowy slopes of ,alpine forests1 and sold wooden nutmegs to the unsuspecting innocents of ,patagonia4 ,he has peddled patent medicines in the ,desert of ,sahara1 and hung his hat and carved his name on the extreme top of the ,north ,pole4 ,the only difficulty ,i find in describing him is that ,i cannot tell what he cannot do4 ,i will therefore set him in motion1 as he hates to be quiet4 ,when1 wound up he pushes his hat back on his head and begins to whittle4 ,,ix4 ,,the ,,cannibal ,here you behold a curious cannibal from the ,feejee ,islands1 first discovered by ,captain ,cook1 who came very near being cooked by him4 ,in that case1 the worthy captain would never have completed his celebrated voyage round the world4 ,this individual was greatly interested in the cause of foreign missions4 ,indeed1 he received the missionaries gladly and gave them a place near his heart4 ,he was finally converted by a very tough tract-distributor1 who had been brought up in a ,bloomsbury boarding-house1 and was induced to become civilized4 ,one of his evidences of a change of life was shown by his statement that he now had but one wife1 like the ,english4 ',what have you done with the other twelve which you said you had a month ago8' asked the tract distributor4 ',oh1 ,i have eaten them6' replied the gentle savage4 ,this cannibal was very fond of children1 especially those of a tender age2 he holds in his hand a war-club1 with which he prepared his daily meals1 also a warwhoop1 which is an original one4 ,costume3 ,brown jersey and drawers1 face and hands colored to match1 very short skirt1 feather headdress1 large rings in nose and ears4 ,one hand holds a war-club1 the other a child's hoop4 ,movement3 ,when wound up he brandishes his club and raises hoop to his mouth4 ,x4 ,,babes ,,in ,,the ,,wood ,two men1 the bigger the better1 one dressed as a very small boy1 the other as a little girl2 each holds a penny bun4 ,in the next group you behold the ,babes in the ,wood1 who had the misfortune to have an uncle4 ,this wicked man hired a villain to carry these babes away into the wood and leave them to wander until death put an end to their sorrow1 and the little robins covered them up with leaves4 ,these lifelike figures represent the children just after taking their leaves of the villain4 ,by a master stroke of genius the artist has shown very delicately that human nature is not utterly depraved1 for the villain has placed in the hand of each of the innocents a penny bun as a parting present4 ,i have been often asked 'why ,i did not have a figure of the villain also added to the group8' but my reply always is1 ',villains are too common to be any curiosity4' ,wind 'em up1 ,john4 ,each ,babe offers to the other a bite of bun alternately4 ,,xi4 ,,little ,,red ,,riding-,,hood ,a young lady carrying a basket on her arm4 ,costume in accordance with the story4 ,here you behold ,little ,red ,riding-,hood1 a model of grand filial devotion1 for she was so fond of her granny that she wandered through the forest to take the old lady's luncheon1 and was eaten by the wolf for so doing1 which is a warning to all children to be careful how they do much for their grandmothers1 unless they are rich and can leave them something in their wills4 ,this personage was an especial favorite with children1 who love to read about her1 and shed tears over her unhappy fate1 although some of them think that had she been as smart as her dress1 she would have been too smart to have mistaken the wolf for her grandmother1 unless she had been a very homely old lady1 or he had been much better looking than most wolves4 ,when wound up1 the figure curtseys and holds out her basket4 ,,xii4 ,,lady ,,with ,,golden ,,locks ,young lady with long hair1 flowing over her shoulders1 holds bottle 7labelled ,mrs4 ,blank's ,hair ,restorer7 and curling-tongs4 ,this is one of the most expensive of my costly collection1 for blonde hair is very high1 and you see how heavy and long are the golden locks which adorn her beautiful face4 ,i cannot pass this figure without saying a few words in praise of the wonderful hair restorer1 for this image had grown so bald from the effect of long journeys by road or rail that she was exhibited for two years as the ,old ,man of the ,mountain4 ,one bottle of this wonderful fluid1 however1 restored her hair to its present growth and beauty1 and a little of the fluid being accidentally spilled upon the pine box in which the figure was carried1 it immediately became an excellent hair trunk4 ,,chapter ,x4 ,,church ,,and ,,school ,,socials ,,art ,,exhibitions--,,list ,,of ,,exhibitors--,,artists--,,curiosities-- ,,explanations-- ,,suggestions ,,art ,,exhibition ,the elaborate sell which goes by this name used to be a regular institution in church bazaars and might well be rejuvenated as a novelty4 ,a regular printed catalogue is got up1 containing apparently the names of a collection of pictures or sculptures1 each object duly numbered and with the name of the artist appended4 ,in some instances the name of a 7supposed7 picture is followed by an appropriate quotation in poetry or prose1 after the orthodox fashion of art galleries4 ,we append1 by way of illustration1 a selection from the catalogue of a collection which has met with great success3 ,,exhibition ,,of ,,the ,,works ,,of ,,living ,,artists ,,part ,i4 ,,works ,,of ,,art #a4 ,horse ,fair ,after ,rosa ,bonheur4 #b4 ,a ,brush ,with a ,cutter ,off ,deal ,carpenter4 #c4 ,caught in a ,squall ,off ,yarmouth ,fisher4 #d4 ,the ,last of ,poor ,dog ,tray ,barker4 #e4 ,he ,will ,return1 ,i ,know ,he ,will ,lent by the ,trustees of the ,parish4 #f4 ,the ,midnight ,hour4 ,c4 ,lock4 #g4 ,heroes of ,waterloo4 ,schumacher4 #h4 ,true to the ,core4 ,c4 ,odling4 #i4 ,spring1 ,spring1 ,beautiful ,spring6 ,mayne4 #aj4 ,tears1 ,idle ,tears4 ,strong4 #aa4 ,the ,midnight ,assassin4 ,f4 ,sharpe4 #ab4 ,the ,dripping ,well4 ,t4 ,inman4 #ac4 ,family ,jars4 ,potter4 #ad4 ,never ,too ,late to ,mend4 ,s4 ,titch4 #ae4 ,past ,healing4 ,kobler4 #af4 ,the ,first ,sorrow4 ,smalchild4 #ag4 ,saved4 ,s4 ,kinflint #ah4 ,lost #ai4 ,first ,love4 ,sweet4 #bj4 ,the ,death of the ,camel4 ,after ,goodall4 #ba4 ,his ,first ,cigar4 ,a4 ,young4 #bb4 ,a ,good ,fellow ,gone4 ,m4 ,i4 ,slade4 #bc4 ,portrait of a ,gentleman4 ,anonymous4 #bd4 ,portrait of a ,lady4 ,anonymous4 #be4 ,our ,churchwardens4 ,screw4 #bf4 ,portraits of the ,reigning ,sovereigns of ,europe4 7,taken by special order74 ,g4 ,p4 ,o4 #bg4 ,waifs of ,ocean4 ,fish4 ,strange things come up to look at us1 ,the ,monsters of the deep4 #bh4 ,the ,last ,man4 ,unknown4 #bi4 ,contribution from the ,celebrated ,sheepsbanks ,collection4 ,butcher4 #cj4 ,the ,light of ,other ,days4 ,dimm4 #ca4 ,the ,meet of ,her ,majesty's ,hounds4 ,pratt4 #cb4 ,water ,scene4 ,and ,i hear ,those waters rolling from the mountain springs ,with a sweet inland murmur4 #cc4 ,the ,maiden's ,joy4 ,bachelor4 #cd4 ,the ,fall4 ,adam4 #ce4 ,motherhood4 ,she laid it where the sunbeams fall ,unscanned upon the broken wall1 ,without a tear1 without a groan1 ,she laid it near a mighty stone ,which some rude swain had haply cast ,thither in sports1 long ages past4 ,there in its cool and quiet bed1 ,she set her burden down and fled2 ,nor flung1 all eager to escape1 ,one glance upon the perfect shape ,that lay1 still warm and fresh and fair1 ,but motionless and soundless there4 --,c4 ,s4 ,calverley4 #cf4 ,a ,friendly ,party on ,hampstead ,heath4 ,moke4 #cg4 ,borrowed ,plumes4 ,wigg4 #ch4 ,out for the ,night4 ,anonymous4 #ci4 ,something to ,adore4 ,anonymous4 #dj4 ,the ,weaned ,grinder4 ,mayne ,force4 ,change and decay in all around ,i see4 #da4 ,repentance4 ,g4 ,templar4 #db4 ,maggie's ,secret4 ,rossetter4 #dc4 ,somebody's ,luggage4 ,s4 ,canty4 #dd4 ,eusebius4 ,b4 ,linkers4 #de4 ,happy ,childhood4 ,wackford ,squeers4 #df4 ,not ,such a ,fool as ,he ,looks4 ,the ,exhibitor4 #dg4 ,a ,choice ,collection of ,old ,china4 #dh4 ,a ,fine ,specimen of ,local ,quartz ,discovered in the ,possession of a ,workman4 ,during the ,building of the ,new ,town ,hall4 #di4 ,the ,skull of the ,last of the ,mohicans4 #ej4 ,a ,marble ,group4 #ea4 ,bust4 #eb4 ,the ,puzzle4 #ec4 ,the ,instantaneous ,kid ,reviver4 #ed4 ,the ,earnest ,entreaty4 ,,explanation ,anyone not in the secret1 perusing the above catalogue1 would naturally conclude that the descriptions referred to pictorial art of some kind or other4 ,but such is by no means the case4 ,the visitor1 on being admitted1 finds1 in place of the expected pictures1 shelves or tables on which are arranged sundry very commonplace objects1 each bearing a numbered ticket4 ,on close examination he finds that the numbers correspond with those in the catalogue1 and that ,no4 #a1 ,horse ,fair--fare--is represented after a realistic fashion by a handful of oats and a wisp of hay4 ,no4 #b1 which he expected to find a spirited marine sketch1 is in reality only a toothbrush lying beside a jack-plane2 while the supposed companion picture1 ,caught in a ,squall ,off ,yarmouth1 is represented by a red herring4 ,no4 #d1 ,the ,last of ,poor ,dog ,tray1 is a sausage1 and the exhibitor particularly begs that no gentleman will on any account whistle while passing this picture4 ,no4 #e1 ,he ,will ,return1 ,i ,know ,he ,will1 presumably the agonized cry of a forsaken maiden1 is in reality a poor-rate collector's paper1 marked ,fifth application4 ,no4 #f is represented by a numbered ticket only1 with no object attached to it4 ,the exhibitor explains that ,the ,midnight ,hour has not yet arrived1 but that any gentleman who likes to wait till it does 7which will be at twelve o'clock punctually71 is very welcome to do so4 ,the ,heroes of ,waterloo1 ,wellington and ,blucher1 ,no4 #g1 are represented by a couple of boots known by those distinguished names4 #h1 ,true to the ,core1 is a rosy-cheeked apple4 #i is a coil of watch spring4 #aj1 ,tears1 ,idle ,tears1 on which the exhibitor feelingly expatiates as a noble example of the imaginative in art1 is an onion4 ,the space dedicated to ,no4 #aa is occupied by the numbered ticket only1 the exhibitor explaining that ,the ,midnight ,assassin 7who is stated to be a large and lively flea7 has strolled away and is wandering at large about the room2 and he adds an entreaty that any lady or gentleman who may meet with him will immediately return him to his place in the collection4 ,the ,dripping ,well 7,no4 #ab7 proves to be of the description more usually known as a dripping-pan4 ,family ,jars1 by ,potter1 is found to consist of a pickle jar and jam pot4 ,no4 #ad1 ,never ,too ,late to ,mend1 is a boot patched all over2 while #ae1 ,past ,healing1 is its fellow1 too far gone to admit of like renovation4 ,the ,first ,sorrow is a broken doll4 ,saved is a money box1 containing twopence halfpenny1 mostly in farthings4 ,the next is a vacant space1 over which the exhibitor passes with the casual remark1 ,no4 #ah1 as you will observe1 is unfortunately lost4 ,no4 #ai1 ,first ,love1 is a piece of taffy4 #bj1 ,the ,death of the ,camel1 is a straw1 labeled the last1 and the exhibitor explains that this is the identical straw that broke the camel's back4 ,his ,first ,cigar is a mild ,havana of brown paper4 ,a ,good ,fellow ,gone is suggested1 rather than represented1 by an odd glove4 ,nos4 #bc and #bd are represented by two small mirrors1 which are handed to a lady and a gentleman respectively1 with a few appropriate remarks as to the extreme success of the likenesses1 coupled with critical remarks as to the expression in each case4 ,our ,churchwardens are a pair of long clay pipes4 ,no4 #bf1 ,portraits of the ,reigning ,sovereigns of ,europe1 are represented by a few cancelled foreign postage stamps4 ,the ,monsters of the ,deep1 in ,no4 #bg1 are represented by a periwinkle and a shrimp4 ,the ,last ,man 7,no4 #bh71 is at present missing from his place in the collection1 but the exhibitor explains that he will be seen going out just as the exhibition closes4 ,the ,contribution from the ,sheepshanks ,collection 7#bi71 is a couple of mutton bones2 while ,the ,light of ,other ,days 7#cj7 is an old-fashioned lantern and tinder box4 ,the ,meet 7meat7 of ,her ,majesty's ,hounds is a piece of dog biscuit4 ,no4 #cb is a leaky can of water4 ,the ,maiden's ,joy 7obviously7 is a wedding ring4 ,the ,fall is a lady's veil4 ,no4 #ce1 ,motherhood1 is the gem of the collection1 and should be kept carefully hidden 7say by a handkerchief thrown over it7 until the company have had time to read and appreciate ,mr4 ,caverley's graceful lines1 when the veil is removed1 and behold--an egg6 ,no4 #cf1 ,a ,friendly ,party on ,hampstead ,heath1 is represented by three toy donkeys4 ,borrowed ,plumes are represented by a lady's false front4 ,out for the ,night is an extinguished candle4 ,something to ,adore is a rusty bolt4 ,the ,wearied ,grinder is a back tooth of somebody's very much the worse for wear4 ,repentance 7,no4 #da7 is represented by a smashed hat and a bottle of sodawater4 ,maggie's ,secret is a gray hair1 labeled ,her ,first4 ,no4 #dc1 ,somebody's ,luggage1 consists of a broken comb and a paper collar4 ,eusebius is a pair of spectacles4 ,happy ,childhood is indicated by a lithe and swishy cane4 ,when the company arrive at ,no4 #df1 the corresponding object is apparently missing4 ,the exhibitor refers to his notes and says3 #df--df8 ,i see they have written down against ,no4 #df1 ',the ,exhibitor1' but ,i don't see quite what they mean4 ,suppose we pass on to the curiosities1 ladies and gentlemen4 ,no4 #dg is merely some smashed crockery1 and ,no4 #dh a pewter quart pot4 ,no4 #di is again a vacant space1 and the exhibitor explains that ,the ,last of the ,mohicans has just gone home to his tea1 and has taken his skull with him4 ,no4 #ej is1 as its name implies1 a group of marbles1 of the school boy character4 ,no4 #ea is a paper bag of peas1 and1 being too full1 has bust4 ,the ,puzzle 7,no4 #eb7 is an old guide book4 ,the ,instantaneous ,kid ,reviver is a baby's feeding bottle2 and the ,earnest ,entreaty is the request of the exhibitor that the visitors will recommend the collection to their friends4 ,if the showman be possessed of a good fund of talk and a dash of dry humor1 the fun of the collection may be still further enhanced by his explanations and criticisms of the various objects4 ,poor ,artemus ,ward's celebrated lecture is an excellent model to copy2 indeed1 many of his bits may be stolen bodily with very satisfactory result4 ,even without the aid of a showman1 the comparison of the poetical descriptions and the sober reality will produce a good deal of fun2 but1 in this case1 the various blanks or vacant spaces to be filled up by explanation must necessarily be omitted--a good many telling items being thereby sacrificed4 ,,chapter ,,xi4 ,,optical ,,illusions ,,raising ,,the ,,ghost--,,magic ,,lantern ,,pictures--,,phantasmagoria--,,chinese ,,shadows--,,wonderful ,,mirror--,,multiplied ,,money ,,raising ,a ,,ghost ,place a small magic lantern in a box large enough to contain a small swing dressing-glass1 which will reflect the light thrown on it by the lantern in such a way that it will pass out at the aperture made at the top of the box1 which aperture should be oval and of a size adapted to the cone of light to pass through it4 ,there should be a flap with hinges1 to cover the opening1 that the inside of the box may not be seen4 ,there must be holes in that part of the box which is over the lantern1 to let out the smoke2 and over this must be placed a chafing-dish1 of an oblong figure1 large enough to hold several lighted coals4 ,this chafing-dish1 for the better carrying on the deception1 may be inclosed in a painted tin box1 about a foot high1 with a hole at top1 and should stand on four feet1 to let the smoke of the lantern escape4 ,there must also be a glass planned to move up and down in the groove1 and so managed by a cord and pulley that it may be raised up and let down by the cord coming through the outside of the box4 ,on this glass the spectre 7or any other figure you please7 must be painted1 in a contracted or squat form1 as the figure will reflect a greater length than it is drawn4 ,when you have lighted the lamp in the lantern and placed the mirror in a proper direction1 put the box on a table1 and1 setting the chafing-dish in it1 throw some incense in powder on the coals4 ,you then open the trap door and let down the glass in the groove slowly1 and when you perceive the smoke diminish1 draw up the glass1 that the figure may disappear1 and shut the trap-door4 ,this exhibition will afford much wonder4 ,the lights in the room must be extinguished1 and the box should be placed on a high table1 that the aperture through which the light comes out may not be seen4 ,a ,,magic-,,lantern ,,trick ,the light of the magic-lantern and the color of images may not only be painted on a cloth1 but also reflected by a cloud of smoke4 ,provide a box of wood or pasteboard1 about four feet high and seven or eight inches square at bottom1 but diminishing as it ascends1 so that its aperture at the top be but six inches long and half an inch wide4 ,at the bottom of this box there must be a door that shuts quite close1 by which you are to place in the box a chafing-dish with hot coals1 on which is to be thrown incense1 whose smoke goes out in a cloud at the top of the box2 on this cloud you are to throw the light that comes out of the lantern1 and which you bring into a smaller compass by drawing out the movable tube4 ,in this representation1 the motion of the smoke does not at all change the figures1 which appear so conspicuous that the spectator thinks he can grasp them with his hand4 ,in the experiment1 some of the rays passing through the smoke1 the representation will be much less vivid than on the cloth2 and if care be not taken to reduce the light to its smallest focus1 it will be still more imperfect4 ,,the ,,phantasmagoria ,in showing the common magic-lantern1 the spectators see a round circle of light with the figures in the middle of it2 but in the ,phantasmagoria they see the figures only1 without any circle of light4 ,the exhibition is produced by a magic lantern1 placed on that side of a half-transparent screen which is opposite to that on which the spectators are1 instead of being on the same side1 as in the ordinary exhibition of the magic lantern4 ,to favor the deception1 the slides are made perfectly opaque1 except in those places that contain the figures to be exhibited1 and in these light parts the glass is covered with a more or less transparent tint1 according to the effect required4 ,the easiest way is to draw the figures with water colors on thin paper and afterward varnish them4 ,to imitate the natural motions of the objects represented1 several pieces of glass placed behind each other are occasionally employed4 ,by removing the lantern to different distances1 and at the same time altering1 more or less distinct1 at the pleasure of the exhibitor2 so that1 to a person unacquainted with the effect of optical instruments1 these figures appear actually to advance and recede4 ,transparent screens for the ,phantasmagoria are prepared by spreading white wax1 dissolved in spirits of wine or oil of turpentine1 over thin muslin2 a screen so prepared may be rolled up without injury4 ,a clearer screen may be produced by having the muslin always strained upon a rectangular frame1 and preparing it with turpentine1 instead of wax2 but such a screen is not always convenient1 and cannot be rolled without cracking1 and becoming in a short time useless4 ,,chinese ,,shadows ,in a partition wall cut an aperture of any size2 for example1 four feet in length and two in breadth1 so that the lower edge may be about five feet from the floor1 and cover it with white ,italian gauze1 varnished with gum-copal4 ,provide several frames of the same size as the aperture1 covered with the same kind of gauze1 and delineate upon the gauze different figures1 such as landscapes and buildings1 analogous to the scenes which you intend to exhibit by means of small figures representing men and animals4 ,these figures are formed of pasteboard1 and their different parts are made movable1 according to the effect intended to be produced by their shadows1 when moved backward and forward behind the frames1 at a small distance from them4 ,to make them act with more facility1 small wires1 fixed to their movable parts1 are bent backward and made to terminate in rings1 through which the fingers of the hand are put1 while the figure is supported on the left by means of another iron wire4 ,in this manner they may be made to advance or recede and to gesticulate1 without the spectators observing the mechanism by which they are moved2 and as the shadow of these figures is not observed on the paintings till they are opposite those parts which are not strongly shaded1 they may thus be concealed and made to appear at the proper moments1 and others may be occasionally substituted in their stead4 ,it is necessary1 when the figures are made to act1 to speak a dialogue1 suited to their gestures1 and imitate the noise occasioned by different circumstances4 ,the paintings must be illuminated from behind by means of a reverberating lamp1 placed opposite to the center of the painting1 and distant from it about four or five feet4 ,various amusing scenes may be represented in this manner by employing small figures of men and animals1 and making them move in as natural a way as possible1 which will depend on the address and practice of the person who exhibits them4 ,a ,,wonderful ,,mirror ,make two openings of a foot high and ten inches wide and about a foot distant from each other1 in the wainscoting of a wall2 let them be at the common height of a man's head2 and in each of them place a transparent glass1 surrounded with a frame1 like a common mirror4 ,behind this partition place two mirrors1 one on the outward side of each opening1 inclined to the wainscot at an angle of forty-five degrees2 let them both be eighteen inches square2 let all the space between them be enclosed by boards or pasteboard1 painted black and well closed1 that no light may enter2 let there be also two curtains to cover them1 which may be drawn aside at pleasure4 ,when a person looks into one of these supposed mirrors1 instead of seeing his own face he will perceive the object that is in the front of the other2 so that1 if two persons present themselves at the same time before these mirrors1 instead of each one seeing himself1 they will reciprocally see each other4 ,there should be a sconce with a candle or lamp placed on each side of the two glasses in the wainscot1 to enlighten the faces of the persons who look in them1 otherwise this experiment will have no remarkable effect4 ,this recreation may be considerably improved by placing the two glasses in the wainscot in adjoining rooms1 and a number of persons being previously placed in one room1 when a stranger enters the other1 you may tell him his face is dirty1 and desire him to look in the glass1 which he will naturally do2 and on seeing a strange face he will draw back2 but returning to it1 and seeing another1 another and another1 what his surprise will be is more easy to conceive than express4 ,when one looks in a mirror placed perpendicularly to another1 his face will appear entirely deformed4 ,if the mirror be a little inclined1 so as to make an angle of eighty degrees 7that is1 one-ninth part from the perpendicular71 he will then see all the parts of his face1 except the nose and forehead2 if it be inclined to sixty degrees 7that is1 one-third part71 he will appear with three noses and six eyes2 in short1 the apparent deformity will vary at each degree of inclination2 and when the glass comes to forty-five degrees 7that is1 half-way down71 the face will vanish4 ,if1 instead of placing the two mirrors in this situation1 they are so disposed that their junction may be vertical1 their different inclinations will produce other effects1 as the situation of the object relative to these mirrors is quite different4 ,,the ,,disappearing ,,paper ,attach to a dark wall a round piece of paper an inch or two in diameter1 and1 a little lower1 at the distance of two feet on each side1 make two marks2 then place yourself directly opposite to the paper1 and hold the end of your finger before your face in such a manner that when the right eye is open it shall conceal the mark on the right2 if you then look with both eyes to the end of your finger1 the paper1 which is not at all concealed by it from either of your eyes1 will1 nevertheless1 disappear4 ,,multiplied ,,money ,take a large drinking-glass1 of a conical form1 that is1 small at bottom and wide at top1 and1 having put into it a dime1 let it be half filled with water2 then place a plate upon the top of the glass1 and turn it quickly over1 that the water may not get out2 a piece of silver as large as half a dollar will immediately appear on the plate1 and somewhat higher up another piece of the size of a dime4 ,,multiplying ,,shadows ,a dummy figure 7suppose that of a witch1 riding on the conventional broomstick7 is suspended by fine threads or wires on the screen remote from the spectators4 ,behind this are ranged1 one behind the other1 and at right angles to the screen1 a row of lighted candles4 ,being all in the same line1 they throw one shadow only on the screen4 ,the figure is now made to oscillate slightly1 so as to impart some little motion to the shadow4 ,one of the candles is now removed from its place in the row1 and waved gently about1 now high1 now low1 the effect to the spectators being that a second shadow springs out of the first1 and dances about it on the screen4 ,a second and third candle is then removed1 and waved up and down1 each candle as it leaves its place in the line1 producing a separate shadow4 ,it is well to have three or four assistants1 each taking a candle in each hand4 ,,chapter ,,xii ,,table ,,games ,,for ,,adults ,,dominoes--,,backgammon--,,checkers--,, jenkins--,,zoo--,,stray ,,syllables--,,chess ,,dominoes ,at the beginning of the game the dominoes are thoroughly shuffled by being turned face down and stirred round and round4 ,the players then draw at random as many bones as the game requires4 ,these dominoes with which the hand is to be played may stand on their edges in front of the players or may be held in the hand1 or both4 ,it is usual to sort them into suits as far as possible4 ,the one who has drawn the highest doublet usually plays or sets first4 ,the object in dominoes is either to block the game so that the adversary cannot play or it is to make the two ends when added together equal to some multiple of a given number1 or it is to make both ends of the line the same4 ,the player first getting rid of all his pieces is ,domino4 ,dominoes are made in sets known by the number of pips on the highest domino or bone in the set4 ,the standard set is double-sixes and contains twenty-eight bones4 ,some persons use double-nines4 ,in the double-six set there are seven suits1 each named after some number from six to blank4 ,in each of these suits there are seven bones1 but each domino in a suit1 except the doublet1 belongs to some other suit as well4 ,the lower figure on each domino shows the other suit to which it belongs4 ,all games of dominoes1 except matadore1 are based on the principle of following suit or matching4 ,the first player sets a certain domino1 and after that each player must play one of the same suit1 the suit called for being always that of the exposed or open end4 ,,backgammon ,the object of each player is to get all his men into his home table1 and as soon as they have all arrived to throw them off the board altogether4 ,the one that succeeds in doing this first wins the game4 ,each of two players has fifteen men1 known as black and white1 and each should have his own dice-box4 ,almost all of the folding checker boards are marked on the reverse side for backgammon1 and the fifteen men of each color in a checker set are intended for backgammon players4 ,the two sides of the board nearer the players are called tables1 and the table with only two men on two of the points is called the inner table4 ,it is also the home table of the player who sits with that side of the board nearer to him4 ,it does not matter which way the board is turned1 as the arrow points are alternately light and dark all the way round in either direction1 but it is usual to place the side of the board with only two men on points nearest the window1 so that there shall be a good light on the home tables4 ,the points in the home tables are known by their numbers1 which correspond to the faces of a die1 and are called3 ace point1 deuce point1 trey point1 four point1 five point1 and six point4 ,the point immediately across the bar which divides the two tables is called the bar point1 not because it is next the bar1 but because it bars the two adverse men in your home table from running away with double sixes if you can make it up4 ,,checkers ,the object of the game is to capture all the opponent's men and remove them from the board1 or else to pin them up in such a manner that he cannot move4 ,if neither player can accomplish this1 the game is drawn4 ,a board divided into sixty-four squares is used4 ,these are of dark and light color4 ,each player receives twelve men1 known as white and black4 ,at the beginning of the game the board is so placed that each player shall have two of his men touching the edge of the board at his left4 ,the men are set on the black squares4 ,the squares upon the board are supposed to be numbered from one to sixty-four1 beginning at the upper left-hand corner upon the side of the board occupied by the black men4 ,in giving the moves the first figures are the moves of a black man4 ,the next figures are the moves of a white man4 ,as the men never leave the color upon which they are first placed1 all moves must be diagonal4 ,a man can move only one square at a time1 and only to a square which is in front of him diagonally and is not occupied4 ,if a square to which a man might move is occupied by an adverse piece1 that piece can be jumped over if there is a vacant square immediately beyond him4 ,the capturing piece moves to this vacant square1 and the man jumped over is removed from the board4 ,two or more men may sometimes be captured simultaneously4 ,when a piece may be captured the player is obliged to take it4 ,if he does not1 his adversary can compel him to take back his move and make the capture1 or can remove from the board the piece that should have made the capture1 or can let the matter stand4 ,if there are two different captures on the board at the same time the player can take his choice of them4 ,,jenkins ,any number of players may play this game1 which is common to almost every nation1 and is very interesting4 ,sides being formed1 the players seat themselves at a table1 facing each other4 ,it having been decided who shall first hold the silver piece1 the player who receives it holds it in his closed hand under the table1 as do all the players on his side1 when they receive it1 and the piece is passed from hand to hand1 the object being to deceive the opposite players as to its whereabouts4 ,the captain of the side which has not the coin now calls3 ,jenkins says hands up1 and all the hands come up1 closed2 then ,jenkins says hands down1 and all the hands fall1 palms downward1 on the table4 ,there should be much noise to drown the clink of the piece as it falls on the table4 ,the opposing side now tries to guess the side which has not the coin4 ,the captain directs the players who have not the piece to take their hands off4 ,none of his side may give this order4 ,should any do so the coin is forfeited4 ,should the captain make a mistake and call up a hand under which the coin is hidden1 the piece remains with the same side1 and the number of hands still on the table counts for the side which keeps the coin4 ,if the last hand left on the table covers the piece1 it then goes to the opposing players4 ,it is necessary to set a score4 ,the side which makes these points wins the game4 ,,bouquet ,each guest receives a slip of paper1 on which is written the name of a flower4 ,when all are ready to begin1 the hostess gives to each a sheet of tissue paper of the color needed to make a designated flower2 also two sheets of green paper of different shades4 ,thirty minutes are allowed for the making of the flowers4 ,a pair of scissors and a needle and thread must be given to each guest2 also some mucilage4 ,the flowers are collected and a committee decides who has made the most perfect flower4 ,the one who has done so receives the bouquet of flowers made by the guests4 ,,zoo ,the names of animals are given the players4 ,each receives ten slips of paper numbered from one to ten4 ,these are arranged irregularly in a pile4 ,the slips are turned with the faces downward4 ,the first player turns up his upper slip so that the number is visible and lays it down in front of him4 ,in doing this1 he must turn it away from himself1 so that the other players see it first2 the next player then does the same4 ,should two slips coincide in number1 they must each at once call each other's names--the animal names given them4 ,the one who first calls the other's name gives away his slip to that other person1 the object being to get rid of one's slips as fast as possible4 ,if the slip turned up by the second player does not correspond in number to that turned up by the first1 he also lays it down in front of him2 the third player then turns his up1 and this is continued around the circle until a slip is turned that corresponds in number with any that has been turned up1 when those two players must immediately call each other's names4 ,the winner is the one who first gets rid of his slips4 ,,simon ,,says ,any number of players seat themselves at a table4 ,each player makes a fist of each hand1 extending the thumb4 ,the leader says1 ,simon says1 ',thumbs up'6 whereupon he places his own fist on the table before him1 with the thumbs upward4 ,the players do likewise4 ,when the leader says1 ,simon says1 ',thumbs down'1 he turns his own hand over so that the tips of the thumbs touch the table4 ,the others must imitate him4 ,he then says1 ',my thumb wiggles-waggles4 ,he suits the action to the word1 and the rest repeat his performance4 ,if at any time the leader omits the words ,simon says1 and goes through the movements only with the words ,thumbs up1 ,thumbs down1 or ,wigle-waggle1 the players must all keep their hands still and not imitate his movements4 ,any player doing this pays a forfeit4 ,,author',s ,,initials ,each player writes on a piece of paper groups of words1 each group descriptive of some author1 and each word beginning with one of his initials in regular order4 ,the player who guesses the largest number of authors wins the game4 ,example3 ,who is the just1 gentle writer8 ,answer3 ,john ,greenleaf ,whittier4 ,whose stories are read alike by old and young8 ,answer3 ,james ,fennimore ,cooper4 ,who was the greatest humorist8 ,answer3 ,mark ,twain4 ,,sketches ,the players are provided with sheets of paper and pencils4 ,they then write a description of some historical character4 ,the object is to give a description that is truthful1 yet misleading1 in a way1 so as to make the guessing a little harder4 ,one player reads his description4 ,the others ask questions that may be answered by ,yes and ,no4 ,the one guessing correctly reads his description next4 ,,stray ,,syllables ,the same syllable is often seen in different words4 ,you can prove this by playing the following game3 ,each player writes several words on a long strip of paper1 leaving spaces between the different words4 ,this having been done the syllables are cut out and shuffled4 ,each player draws three syllables4 ,the guests seat themselves at small tables1 and try to fashion words from the syllables1 either using two or three of them4 ,if it is impossible to do this1 they must be returned and others are taken in their place4 ,another trial at word-making is given1 and the one who1 after a definite time1 has made the most words out of his syllables1 wins a prize4 ,,shakespearean ,,romance ,one of ,shakespeare's plays is selected1 and as many questions are arranged in connection with it as the writer can think of4 ,these are given to the players4 ,example3 ,about what time of the month were they married8 ,answer3 ,twelfth-,night4 ,of whom did they buy the ring8 ,answer3 ,merchant of ,venice4 ,in what kind of a place did they live8 ,answer3 ,hamlet4 ,,parodies ,pencils and paper are given the guests1 and a subject for the parody is given4 ,this may be a poem or a story1 as selected by the hostess4 ,the parodies are collected and read4 ,the company decides which is the best one4 ,to this one a handsome copy of the poem or story is given4 ,,london ,on a large1 oblong slate draw with a slate pencil a diagram1 as follows3 ,horizontal lines every two inches across the narrow part of the slate4 ,pieces of paper are blown over the diagram toward the top of the slate2 or beans or pieces of chalk may be substituted for the paper4 ,one of these is called a chipper4 ,if you use beans1 snap them over the diagram with the fingers4 ,where the chipper stops1 draw a mark to represent a small round o4 ,this depicts a man's head4 ,the chipper1 having been returned to the starting point1 is again snapped over the diagram4 ,this continues until the player has marked a head in each of the spaces2 or should his chipper land a second time in a space in which he has already marked such a head1 he makes a larger round ,o under the head1 to represent the body of a man4 ,the third time it lands in this place he makes a downward stroke for a leg1 and the fourth time1 one for a second leg1 which completes the man4 ,should three complete men be so drawn in one space1 the player1 without shooting again1 draws what are called arms1 that is1 a horizontal line from the figure across the space to the outside limit4 ,this occupies the space completely and keeps the other players out of it4 ,he continues to play until his chipper lands on a line4 ,if this goes beyond the diagram1 the player is out4 ,each player takes a turn4 ,he can start1 or complete men1 in any space not occupied with three armed men1 even though the former player may have started men in the space or have completed two of them4 ,a player can build only on his own men4 ,the one drawing the largest number of spaces with three armed men is the winner4 ,,chess ,chess is a game which can only be played by two persons at the same time4 ,the requisites are a board consisting of #fd squares of alternate black and white1 and #cb pieces of wood1 ivory1 bone or other composition1 which are technically known as men4 ,the board is so placed between the players that a white square is on the extreme right of each4 ,the men are called black and white1 there being an equal number of each4 ,one player takes the white and another the black4 ,each division of #af is composed of a king 7the capture of which is the issue of the game71 a queen1 #b rooks or castles1 #b bishops1 #b knights1 and #h pawns4 ,in commencing the game1 the rooks are placed on the corner squares1 next to them on each side a knight1 next to the knights on each side a bishop1 and then the king and queen4 ,if white1 the queen is placed on the remaining white square1 if black1 on the remaining black square1 and thus both queens face each other4 ,it is the same with the kings4 ,the #h pawns are placed on each side on the squares immediately in front of the pieces4 ,the player has the privilege of moving his king into any vacant square adjacent to one he is occupying1 provided it is not already taken by a piece belonging to his opponent1 but he can go no farther4 ,the queen can be moved in any direction up1 down1 backwards1 forwards1 as long as there is no piece to block her4 ,the same can be done with the rook or castle1 except that it cannot be moved diagonally--,the bishop can only be moved diagonally1 in a backward or forward direction4 ,the move of the knight is a combination of the rook's shortest move1 followed by the bishop's shortest move4 ,it is not hindered by intervening pawns or pieces4 ,the pawn can only be moved one square at a time1 and that in a forward direction4 ,another pawn in front of it stops its progress4 ,a pawn has the power of capturing an opposite pawn in either of the adjacent squares in advance and diagonally to the right or left of it when it moves into the square of the one captured4 ,the king is never captured4 ,when a piece or pawn attacks him he is said to be in check and the opposite player cries out ,check6 ,the attacked king is freed from check by moving him to an adjacent square not occupied by a piece or pawn of the opposite side1 or else by opposing some piece to defend him from the check4 ,if the player cannot resort to either of these tactics to save his king he is checkmated and loses the game4 ,,chapter ,,xiii ,,outdoor ,,games ,,for ,,adults ,,lawn ,,tennis--,,polo--,,hockey--,,golf--,,ar chery--,,ring ,,toss--,,lawn ,,bowls ,,lawn ,,tennis ,a lawn tennis court is a plot of level ground about #bf yards by #i yards1 divided into sections4 ,a net standing #c #a_/b feet high is drawn across the middle and attached to two posts outside the court on each side about three feet4 ,the players stand on opposite sides of the net2 the one who first delivers the ball is called the server and the other the striker-out4 ,at the end of each game they reverse places4 ,the server wins a stroke if the striker out volley the service1 that is1 he strike the ball before it touches the ground2 or if the ball is returned by the striker-out1 so that it drops outside his opponent's court1 the latter wins the stroke4 ,the striker-out wins if the server serves two consecutive faults1 which consist in sending the ball to the net or outside the lines2 or if the server fail to return the ball in play1 the striker-out wins4 ,either player loses a stroke if the ball touch him in the act of striking1 if he touches the ball with his racket more than once1 if he touch the net or any of its supports while the ball is in play1 or if he volley the ball before it has passed the net4 ,the player winning the first stroke gets a credit score of #ae2 for the second he gets #cj2 for the third #dj1 and if he wins the fourth he has the game4 ,six games in succession entitle the winner to a ,set4 ,for a three-handed or four-handed game the ,court requires to be #ab yards in width4 ,in a three-handed game the single player serves every alternate game4 ,in the four-handed game the pair who have the right to serve in the first game shall decide which partner shall do so and the opposing pair shall decide in like manner for the second game4 ,the partner of the player who served in the first game shall serve in the third1 and the partner of the player who served in the second game shall serve in the fourth1 and the same order is to be observed in all the succeeding games of the set4 ,if one partner of a double team strikes at a ball and does not touch it1 his partner still has the right to return it4 ,a player or different member of a team may strike at a ball as often as he pleases1 for it is still in play until hit4 ,the server must wait until the striker-out is ready for the second service as well as the first1 and if the striker-out claims to be not ready and makes no effort to return the second service1 the server cannot claim the point1 even though the service was good4 ,if a player's racket touches the net after the ball has struck the latter he does not loose a point4 ,the ball is always in play until it has struck the ground outside of the ,court or has touched the inside ground twice4 ,a ball is dead the instant it strikes the ground outside of the ,court1 and the point must be scored against the side sending the ball there1 no matter what happens after the ball touches the ground4 ,in selecting a site for a lawn tennis court select a level field4 ,lay it out north and south1 if possible so as to prevent the rays of the sun from blinding the players4 ,the court may1 or may not1 be grassy4 ,as a general rule1 sand courts are preferred4 ,level the court carefully1 so there will be no gradient or inequality in it4 ,to make a foundation1 use stones pounded into place1 and add top-soil to a depth of seven inches or more4 ,the ground should be often watered and rolled4 ,sand is usually mixed with clay for a top soil1 as the sand is likely to give under the running feet4 ,in the case of a grassy court it should be constantly clipped and in addition rolled once or twice a week to keep the ground hard and even4 ,,polo ,polo is a game played from horseback in a large1 level field4 ,there is a goal at each end of the field in the center1 the posts ten feet high and #bd feet apart4 ,the teams are generally four a side1 but when possible a greater number may play4 ,the regular game in this country for teams of four is of four periods of #ae minutes of actual play each4 ,to win a goal counts one1 and the team having the largest score at the end wins the match4 ,the equipment for the game besides the goal posts 7which are generally of wood or papier-mache to prevent serious accidents7 are the balls and mallets4 ,the balls are of willow #c #a_/h inches in diameter1 and weigh #e ounces4 ,the mallet sticks are of rattan cane1 and from #d to #d #a_/b feet long1 set into square heads beveled at the sides and about #h inches long and #b wide4 ,the handles are leather-wrapped to insure a good grip4 ,as to the ponies1 no blinkers are used1 so that they may have a clear sight of the field4 ,no rowels or spurs are permitted4 ,the animals have to be trained for the purpose4 ,each of the four players of a side has certain rules to obey governing his position4 ,it is for ,number #a to watch the opposing back1 to ride him off and clear the way for his own side when they have the ball going towards the goal4 ,all his energies must be directed to obtaining a clear field for his side4 ,he requires a fast pony to do the work4 ,the position of ,number #b is the most independent and the player is called the flying man of the team4 ,he must be an adept in dribbling out the ball so as to get a fair hit at it4 ,as it comes to him from his side players his part is to race with it1 hitting as he gallops1 and in this way make the goal if he can4 ,it is the duty of ,number #c to help his back when the latter is being hard pressed and be ready to exchange places with him when the back gets an opportunity to make a run with the ball4 ,number #d is the real back1 for all the others are in front of him and consequently his is the most important position4 ,he must have a shifty pony well trained to riding work4 ,he has to defend the goal1 and therefore must be an expert backhander1 that is1 quick to send back the ball to the opposing rank when it comes in the direction of his goal4 ,it is the place of the back to knock in when the ball goes over the end line4 ,when he is sure of the half-back player on his side he may go up into the game and make a leading attack himself1 but it is nearly always well for him to avoid meeting the ball1 for if he misses1 the goal is left defenceless4 ,on the whole1 pony polo is an intricate game1 and while it is not the sport of kings1 it is only adapted to the people of leisure with whom time and money are not an object4 ,,hockey ,to play hockey a level field is required about #ajj yards long and #ej yards wide4 ,the space is marked out in whitewash lines and small flags are placed at each corner4 ,the long lines are called side lines1 and the shorter ones goal lines4 ,across the center1 #ej yards from either goal1 is the center line4 ,this divides the ground in half4 ,these halves are again equally divided by #be-yard lines4 ,five yards inside each line is marked a dotted line1 parallel with the side line1 and which is called the five-yard line4 ,in the middle of each goal line and #d yards apart are placed the goal posts1 which are uprights #g feet high1 with a horizontal bar from one to the other4 ,fifteen yards in front of each goal is drawn a line #d yards long1 parallel to the goal line2 the ends of this line are brought round in curves to meet the goal line and the space thus inclosed is called the striking circle4 ,the stick and balls are the main requisites of hockey4 ,the sticks are made of hickory4 ,the better kind have ash blades and cane handles1 such handles giving a spring which sends a clean drive without giving a jar to the hands4 ,the balls used are about the size and weight of the average baseball4 ,nowadays it is customary to have nets behind the goal posts1 so that it may be definitely determined if there is any dispute whether the ball went clean through between the goal posts or past the outside of either4 ,hockey requires #bb players1 #aa on each side1 consisting of #e forwards1 #c half-backs1 #b full-backs and a goal-keeper4 ,the center forward stands in the middle of the ground4 ,on her right about #aj yards distant stands the inside right2 the right wing stands between the #e-yard line and the side line2 the inside left and the left wing stand on the left of the center forward4 ,the half-backs stand #ae yards behind the forward4 ,the center half takes her place directly in line with the center forward2 the right half covers the two right forwards1 while the left half covers the two left forwards4 ,behind1 on the #be-yard line1 stand the fullbacks1 right and left2 the goalkeeper stands between the goal posts about a foot in front of the goal line4 ,the two center forwards start the game by bullying off the ball in the center of the field2 the ball is placed on the center line while the two forwards stand with a foot on either side of the line facing each other and standing square to the side line2 then the center halves and left and inside forwards on the blowing of the whistle for the bully1 close up in order to keep watch1 each one ready to take the ball should it come in her direction4 ,when one of the center forwards gets the ball she tries to pass it out to either of her own inside players1 who endeavors to dribble it up the field until she is encountered by an opposition player1 at which juncture1 by a quick stroke she passes it out to the wing player4 ,it is in this manner1 by keeping a straight course and assisted by their halfbacks that the forwards by passing and dribbling get the ball into the striking circle1 and when they get it that length it is not a difficult matter to score a goal4 ,,golf ,in golf the player strikes a ball in the endeavor to send it to a particular spot4 ,he is not met with opposition in such endeavor1 as in other ball games1 his opponent having also a ball which he1 too1 is trying to put into the same spot with fewer strokes4 ,this spot into which the player tries to put his ball is a small hole in the earth about #d-a_/d inches in diameter1 and the instruments he uses for doing so are exceedingly varied4 ,the game commences by a player hitting off from a marked line called the teeing-ground1 the ball in the direction of the first hole4 ,in a regular golf course there are generally #ah holes1 their distance apart varying from about #ajj yards to #ejj yards4 ,the smoothly kept grounds near the holes is called the putting-greens1 and beside each putting-green is a marked teeing-ground4 ,after the ball has been struck from the tee the player must not touch it with his hand until it is driven into the next hole1 out of which he may then take it and tee it on the teeing ground in a good position for the drive-off to the next hole4 ,as the holes are widely separated and the ground in many places uneven and broken up1 the ball will be driven into many positions1 it will lie in the grass1 in sand pits or bunkers1 and in all kinds of holes and hollows in the rough surface1 therefore it will be readily understood that the distance the ball is sent will vary with the stroke4 ,it is to meet the difficulties arising from having to strike the ball in its different positions that so many instruments are called into requisition for the purpose4 ,the names of the chief sticks and implements employed in the sport are3 driver1 brassie1 spoon1 cleek1 iron1 mashie1 niblick and putter4 ,the driver1 brassie and spoon are wooden-headed clubs1 but the others have always iron heads4 ,the driver is the club used for striking to the greatest distance when the ball is on the tee1 that is1 on the little mound of sand on which it is placed at the commencement of each hole1 so that more facility may be had in striking it4 ,the putter is used on the putting--green1 for short strokes round about the holes4 ,the putting--green or ground surrounding each hole is kept level for about a radius of #bj yards from the hole4 ,the different sticks or clubs are graded from driver to putter in accordance with the different lengths of stroke for which they are designed4 ,for instance1 the niblick is a short club for taking the ball out of difficult positions 7lies7 as when the latter gets into long grass1 sand or some other awkward kind of obstruction4 ,a good driver by well hitting the ball can send it to a distance of about #bjj yards from the tee4 ,if the hole be so far off as to require a second stroke of equal length he can use the driver again1 provided the ball is on level ground1 but it is likely it will not be on such ground for the second stroke1 and in such case the brassie or spoon is called on to do service4 ,each of these instruments has the face that strikes the ball laid back more than in the driver1 so that they can lift it more easily off the ground4 ,if the ball gets into a worse position1 as a bunker or sandpit1 the use of the cleek1 iron or niblick will become necessary4 ,the heads of these clubs are adjusted to deal with difficult lies that is1 positions in which the ball may be driven4 ,the niblick is used for taking it out of especially bad situations4 ,the stroke called the full swing is used with the driver4 ,there are many other modifications of stroke1 such as the three-quarter1 the half and the wrist strokes4 ,as has been said1 the issue of the game depends upon sending the ball into the holes with fewer strokes than the opposition4 ,victory is gained by the side which holes the ball with less strokes4 ,if the sides hole out in the same number of strokes the hole is halved4 ,a match is also won by the side which is leading by a number of holes greater than the number of holes remaining to be played4 ,thus if ,jones has won six holes and ,smith four1 and seven holes have been halved1 ,jones1 in case the round is the ordinary length of #ah holes1 will be two holes up1 with only one hole remaining to be played1 and therefore he1 ,jones1 wins the match4 ,this is the general manner of playing the game in a match1 each player playing his own ball4 ,in what is known as score play the relative merits of several can be tested at the same time4 ,in this kind of play the total score of each player for all of the #ah holes is added up and the player who has the lowest total is declared the winner4 ,,archery ,archery has played an important part in the history of the race from the very earliest times4 ,primitive man hurled his stone-pointed arrows at wild beasts1 and as he advanced to a higher state of the observances of the laws of force he fashioned bows to give a greater impulse to his missiles4 ,for hundreds of years the bow and arrow constituted the principal weapon of the chase1 and finally became the instrument of offence and defence for armored knights1 warriors and heroes4 ,robin ,hood1 roving the wild woods of ,merry ,england1 depended upon it for his prowess1 as did ,allan a ,dale and ,little ,john4 ,in the early battles it was the chief weapon1 and did effective service4 ,in the battle of ,hastings it decided the issue for ,william the ,conqueror2 at ,agincourt1 ,crecy and ,poitiers victory depended on its use4 ,skilled archers became famous all over the land1 and many were their doughty deeds with the long bow4 ,in modern time1 however1 with the introduction of firearms1 archery declined1 until it came to be but a mere memory of the past4 ,the last century revived it1 and to-day it is one of the most popular sports in ,england4 ,americans1 too1 have taken it up with enthusiasm1 and clubs are interested in it all over the land1 the ladies being especially devoted to it4 ,in #ahgi the first organization of ,archery ,clubs was formed at ,crawfordsville1 ,indiana1 and the first annual target meeting was held in ,chicago in the same year4 ,bows for archery are generally made out of tough soft wood1 such as yew1 with a flat outside called the back and a rounded inside called the belly2 they are always strung with latter side inward4 ,lance wood is chiefly used in the ,united ,states on account of its resistance to heat4 ,the bow must be easily controlled1 and not too heavy4 ,the strain of drawing a heavy bow is apt to pull the bow hand out of the line of sight4 ,a #dh-pound bow well drawn and loosed will give a lower trajectory than one of #ee pounds sluggishly handled4 ,by the weight of a bow is not meant its avoirdupois1 but the force necessary to draw the arrow to its head on the bow4 ,it is all important to know how to string the bow4 ,grasp the handle firmly with the right hand1 draw it near your right side1 while the lower end rests against the inside of the right foot1 the back of the bow being toward you4 ,with left foot well extended in front so as to brace the body1 rest the left hand on the bow below the loop of the upper end of the string1 the tip of the thumb and knuckle of forefinger pressing firmly on opposite edges of the bow4 ,draw the bow firmly to you with the right hand1 while you push down and away from you with the left4 ,a little practice will soon give the knack4 ,no part of the body except the face must be turned towards the target4 ,stand with the feet at right angles to the direction of the target and have them a few inches apart4 ,in handling the arrow avoid touching the feathers1 and in the act of drawing always keep the thumb and fourth finger away from the arrow and string4 ,as the bow is lifted1 draw it three parts of the way1 catch the aim1 complete the draw and instantly loose4 ,the arrows are an important consideration4 ,never use a light arrow with a heavy bow1 nor1 conversely1 a heavy arrow with a light bow4 ,arrows are generally made of one piece of wood1 but sometimes a harder kind is used for the part joining the tip and which is dovetailed into the shaft4 ,the tip is formed of steel1 and is cylindrical in form4 ,the length varies4 ,a lady's bow of #e feet calls for a #bd-;inch arrow1 the customary length of men's arrows is #bh inches4 ,the target is a flat disc about four feet in diameter made from straw and covered with an oilcloth or white sheet painted in concentric rings of gold1 red1 blue1 black and white1 each color of which1 when penetrated by the arrow counts so many points in the aim4 ,the gold is the objective point of the archer1 the bull's eye1 as it is called4 ,three arrows are shot by each archer in turn1 then three more1 the six constituting an end4 ,a certain number of ends complete a given range1 while two or three ranges form a round4 ,here is the ,american round3 #cj arrows at #fj yards4 #cj arrows at #ej yards4 #cj arrows at #dj yards4 ,,ring ,,toss ,this is a very simple game4 ,a stake is driven into the ground for a flagstaff4 ,at a distance of1 say nine feet1 stakes are arranged as follows3 four at equal distances1 back of these1 at a short distance1 three2 then two2 then one4 ,the setting for nine pins is the same4 ,each stake is numbered from ten1 beginning on the left hand side1 to one hundred1 which is the apex of the setting4 ,iron rings are tossed from the flagstaff by each player4 ,a score is kept4 ,the one getting the greatest number of points is the winner4 ,,lawn ,,bowls ,lawn bowls1 although but recently introduced into the ,united ,states1 is1 however1 one of the oldest games in existence1 and is believed to have been played by the ,ancient ,greeks and ,romans4 ,scotland has brought this game to its present state of perfection4 ,the game is played as follows3 ,select a level lawn1 or a floor will answer if this game be played indoors4 ,choose sides1 giving those of a side1 balls of a similar color4 ,a ball of a third color is called the ,jack4 ,the one holding it begins the play by rolling the ball over the lawn4 ,where it stops is the goal4 ,the others try to strike the ,jack4 ,the one doing this is the winner of the game4 ,or put a nine pin1 or nine pins1 at a distance from the players1 and try to strike as is done in a bowling alley4 ,,chapter ,,xiv ,,holiday ,,games ,,and ,,amusements ,,new ,,year',s--,,lincoln',s ,,day--,,valentine ,,party--,,easter ,,egg ,,party--,,hallowe',,en ,,games--,,flag ,,day--,,thanksgiving--,,christmas ,,new ,,year',s ,,eve ,,party ,the decorations for the room are holly and mistletoe4 ,the guests are attired in white to represent snow1 or they may appear in fur-trimmed garments4 ,at midnight all sing ,auld ,lang ,syne1 and shake hands4 ,calendars are appropriate souvenirs for the occasion4 ,at midnight all wish each other ,a ,happy ,new ,year4 ,,children',s ,,new ,,year ,,games ,give the children pencils and paper4 ,let them write out their resolutions for the ,new ,year4 ,these may be grave or funny as desired4 ,give calendars as souvenirs4 ,,lincoln',s ,,day ,recite poems about ,lincoln4 ,tell stories about him4 ,explain why ,uncle ,tom's ,cabin is a suitable book to read on this day4 ,if possible give tableaux suited to the occasion4 ,those taken from ,uncle ,tom's ,cabin are eminently suitable4 ,,valentine ,,party ,the evening is opened with the playing of a game of hearts4 ,each lady receives a red paper heart1 and is requested to write her name on the back of it4 ,the hearts are shuffled and put in a bowl2 the men's hearts are put in another bowl4 ,a lady chooses a heart from the men's bowl1 then a man chooses from the ladies' bowl4 ,the lady is partner for the evening of the man whose heart she drew and vice versa4 ,valentines are given1 and are read aloud by the recipient4 ,comic ones are admissible if not vulgar4 ,valentine mottoes also are given4 ,,washington',s ,,birthday ,a ,martha ,washington party in costume with a supper in ,colonial time style4 ,dance the ,minuet and old-time dances4 ,,for ,,april ,,first ,this is ,april ,fool's ,day4 ,it may be made the occasion of a party4 ,games suitable to the occasion are played2 among them pinning a tail to the picture of a tailless donkey fastened on the wall4 ,this may be drawn by one of the children4 ,tails are slightly pinned on the children among themselves4 ,april fool candy is served1 and glasses are offered which appear to have lemonade in them1 but which are so made that no liquor can be drunk from them1 etc4 ,the one who is not fooled all evening receives a prize--the funnier it is the better4 ,it may be a nigger doll or the like4 ,a donkey is given as a booby prize to the one most often fooled4 ,this fooling can be done in any way which suggests itself4 ,,easter ,,egg ,,parties ,color hard-boiled eggs and hide them4 ,give your little guests pretty baskets and let them hunt for the eggs1 or give each a large wooden spoon to spoon them up4 ,if you live in the country roll eggs down hill at one place as a target at the foot of it4 ,draw a bunny holding an egg4 ,pin it to the wall4 ,the one who1 blindfolded1 succeeds in putting a pin in the egg receives eggs as presents4 ,,flag ,,day ,display flags liberally4 ,tell stories about the ,american ,flag4 ,sing ,america1 ,star-,spangled ,banner1 etc4 ,salute ,old ,glory4 ,a ,,hallowe',,en ,,party ,the usual ,hallowe'en tricks are tried such as the following3 ,a ring1 a piece of money and a thimble are hidden2 the player who finds the ring will be first married1 or these articles may be baked in a cake which is cut and distributed4 ,the one getting the money will be prosperous1 the getter of the thimble industrious1 the getter of the ring will soon be married4 ,,bobbing ,,for ,,apples ,bobbing for apples4 ,all children like this4 ,in a tub of water several apples float4 ,the children try to capture them with their teeth4 ,,floating ,,needles ,grease needles and let them float in a bowl of water1 upon which tissue paper is laid4 ,each child has his1 or her1 own needle4 ,it is amusing to watch the action of the needle when the paper sinks--as it does when it becomes saturated--the needles rush about4 ,,candle ,,and ,,looking-,,glass ,each person in turn walks downstairs backwards1 alone in the dark1 with a looking-glass in one hand and a lighted candle in the other4 ,the future husband or wife will be seen--8 ,or1 run around the house three times with your mouth full of water--at midnight4 ,melted lead poured into water results in queer figures which sometimes resemble initials2 these are supposed to be those of the future husband or wife4 ,the water charm3 put three dishes on a table--one empty1 one containing clean water1 one soapy water2 the blindfolded ones put a finger into one of the dishes1 the position of which are changed after the blindfolding4 ,if he puts his finger in clear water a happy marriage will result4 ,,apple ,,games ,put a basket on the wall halfway up4 ,the players stand at a distance and throw apples into the basket4 ,a score is kept1 the one putting the greatest number of apples into the basket receiving the prize4 ,,thanksgiving ,,party ,this may be held in a barn4 ,the stalls may be draped with bright-colored goods and decorated with greens1 or autumn leaves4 ,japanese lanterns are strung about4 ,chrysanthemums should be the table flowers4 ,old-time dances are danced1 such as the ,virginia ,reel1 ,money ,musk1 etc4 ,pumpkin pies1 grapes1 nuts and cider are served as a part of the collation4 ,,kris ,,kringle ,,party ,a ,kris ,kringle party may be taken in the open--in sleighs4 ,the driver is dressed as ,kris ,kringle4 ,after a sleigh ride in large sleighs drawn by horses decorated to represent reindeer1 the party returns to an elaborate ,christmas supper4 ,christmas songs should be sung1 well-known ,christmas carols1 as ',tis the ,eve of ,christmas ,day1 ,merry ,bells1 ,the ,christmas ,tree1 etc4 ,shadow pantomimes are a good form of entertainment for ,christmas4 ,they should carry out the idea of the festival4 ,any of the ,merry ,games given in the book may be played4 ,the winter games are especially recommended4 ,,snowball ,,battle ,throw ball at a target and keep a score1 or build a snow fort and make it the target4 ,,christmas ,,guesses ,suspend mistletoe from a chandelier4 ,let the children in turn guess how many berries are on the suspended bush4 ,the one guessing most correctly wins a prize4 ,the ,night ,before ,christmas is read4 ,as the names are named the children arise and turn around1 then sit down again4 ,santa ,claus is mentioned last4 ,when he is spoken of all change seats4 ,the story teller tries to secure a seat4 ,if she succeeds there is an odd player4 ,he must tell a funny story4 ,,jack ,,frost ,sing and act out the ,jack ,frost song1--,jack ,frost is a roguish little fellow1 etc41 etc4 ,the music and words may be obtained at a music store4 ,jesus ,bids ,us ,shine4 ,christmas ,is ,coming4 ,christmas ,greeting4 ,,lead ,,test ,drop melted lead into cold water4 ,it assumes queer shapes4 ,hallowe'en stories are told4 ,,apple ,,tests ,peel an apple without breaking the peeling4 ,throw the skin over your shoulder and see what shape it assumes4 ,apples are tied to a string and hung from the chandelier4 ,the boys and girls try to bite these without touching them with their hands4 ,a ,,pumpkin ,,game ,a pumpkin is scooped out and a candle is placed inside2 the light shines through the holes in the pumpkin4 ,pumpkin favors are given4 ,all dance around the pumpkin and sing ,peter1 ,peter1 ,pumpkin ,eater1 etc4 ,,the ,,christmas ,,dinner ,the ,christmas dinner is a family reunion1 generally2 sometimes a friend is invited4 ,if he be a homeless one so much the better4 ,the turkey1 of course1 is part of the dinner1 and pumpkin and mince pies and plum pudding are served1 each guest making a choice2 rosy-cheeked apples1 grapes1 nuts and cider form a last course4 ,the ,christmas presents may be laid at the plates or may be dispensed from the ,christmas tree--preferably the latter4 ,one of the party impersonates ,santa ,claus4 ,yule-tide songs are sung and old-time ,christmas games are played4 ,stockings hung behind curtains and in odd places hold candy1 nuts1 raisins1 etc4 ,these may be made of silk or any pretty material4 ,the guests hunt for these4 ,,suggestions ,,for ,,games ,,to ,,be ,,played ,,at ,,christmas ,,time ,,or ,,at ,,thanksgiving ,put a very large pumpkin in the center of the room or on a grass plot4 ,the players stand at a distance4 ,each one runs and jumps over the pumpkin1 using both feet4 ,in so doing a score is kept4 ,the one jumping over with both feet together the oftenest wins the pumpkin4 ,or dance about the pumpkin2 when a small child sitting on it claps or whistles all stop4 ,she selects a player with whom she changes place4 ,this game may be played by adults1 the player standing near the pumpkin4 ,,chapter ,,xv ,,outdoor ,,games ,,for ,,girls ,,basket ,,ball--,,box ,,ball--,,guess ,,ball--,,target ,,ball--,,string ,,ball ,,basket ,,ball ,,for ,,girls ,basket ,ball is a good form of exercise for women4 ,draw a circle on the ground six feet in diameter4 ,a line is drawn across the center4 ,this is the throwing line4 ,a player stands in the circle and throws the basket ball from her line to other lines1 the ball scoring according to its landing place4 ,the lines drawn across the throwing space must be parallel with the throwing line in the circle4 ,for younger girls the lines should be ten1 fourteen or twenty feet1 according to the age1 from the forward edge of the circle4 ,the players of each team throw in rapid succession4 ,each player has but one turn1 unless the ball strikes some object before touching the ground1 when another trial is allowed4 ,at starting a thrower must stand in the circle and toe the throwing line1 drawn across the center of the circle4 ,in completing the throw she must not fall or step forward over the outer line of the circle in front of her4 ,if at any part of the throw1 from start to finish1 the thrower be out of the circle it is considered a foul and does not score1 the number of players in the team being counted as one less when the total or average is figured4 ,for each throw to the first line or any point between it and the next line1 a team scores one point4 ,for each throw to the second line or between it and the next line a team scores three points4 ,for each throw to or beyond the third line1 a team scores five points4 ,the team averaging or adding the largest score wins first place in the game4 ,there are other forms of basket ball games1 where girls throw balls into baskets fastened at a given height4 ,,box ,,ball ,boxes are placed on the floor or ground in a row4 ,the players in line stand at a distance from these1 each player facing a box4 ,the play is begun at the right of the line and each tries to toss her ball into the box4 ,when one succeeds in doing this1 all run except the one into whose box the ball fell4 ,she picks up the ball1 and tries to throw it so as to strike one of the players 7of course a soft ball is used74 ,if she fails a stone is put into her box4 ,the game is continued by the same player1 but she tries to throw her ball into another box4 ,if she strikes a player with her ball1 the one who is struck receives a stone1 and she then starts to throw her ball4 ,the game is continued as above4 ,when a player has five stones she goes out of the game4 ,,guess ,,ball ,use a soft ball4 ,the players form in line4 ,one stands before them1 with back turned1 at a distance of several feet4 ,this player counts up to a certain number1 as the ball passes back and forth along the line2 as a certain number is called1 the holder of the ball throws it so as to strike one of the players4 ,if this player is hit1 she turns suddenly and tries to guess by the attitude of the players which one threw the ball4 ,if she guesses correctly1 she goes to the front4 ,if the ball misses1 the thrower changes places with the one she aimed at4 ,,target ,,ball ,there are so many variations of this game that it is impossible to describe them all4 ,a target is placed and the balls are thrown at it2 or several targets at different distances may be aimed at by the players4 ,a score is kept4 ,the one getting the greatest number of points wins the game4 ,or sides may be formed4 ,,bombardment ,this game is played with balls and ,indian clubs--half as many as there are players4 ,bean bags may be used instead of balls4 ,a score is decided upon1 and an umpire keeps the record4 ,each player1 in throwing1 tries to knock down a club1 and this club counts for one or more1 up to the number decided upon by the players4 ,,string ,,ball ,the players stand in a circle around the ball1 which is hung by a string--in the open--from the branch of a tree4 ,a player tries to strike it with her hand4 ,another tries to catch it before she strikes it again4 ,if the ball is not caught the player scores one4 ,she plays until it is caught4 ,each has a turn4 ,,chapter ,,xvi ,,pastimes ,,for ,,children ,,sun ,,dial--,,mother1 ,,may ,i ,,play8--,,blind ,,man',s ,,buff--,,tug ,,of ,,war--,,various ,,ball ,,games ,,sun ,,dial ,draw a large circle2 intersect this with lines like the spokes of a wheel1 dividing it into twelve sections1 and number them4 ,put a blindfolded player in the center for a hub1 and turn him about a number of times1 as is done in ,blindman's ,buff4 ,he then walks about4 ,the number of the space he stops upon1 after repeating a silly verse to the end1 is put upon his score card4 ,if he goes outside the circle1 even with one foot1 he receives no points4 ,the player who gets the greatest number of points in a given time1 wins the game4 ,,mother1 ,,may ,i ,,go ,,out ,,to ,,play8 ,the mother stands before her children4 ,one asks3 ,mother1 may ,i go out to play8 ,no1 says the mother1 it is a very wet day4 ,see1 mother1 the sun shines4 ,well1 be off1 says the mother2 but make three courtesies before you go4 ,the child then does this1 the other children doing the same4 ,they all run off and return4 ,why did you run so far8 says the mother4 ,where did you go1 and what have you been doing all this time8 ,brushing ,mary's hair1 says the first player4 ,what did she give you for so doing8 ,a silver penny4 ,where's my share of it8 ,the cat ran away with it4 ,where's the cat8 ,in the wood4 ,where's the wood8 ,fire burnt it4 ,where's the fire8 ,water quenched it4 ,where's the water8 ,moo cow drank it4 ,where's the moo cow8 ,sold it for a silver penny4 ,what did you do with the money8 ,bought nuts with it4 ,what did you do with them8 ,you can have the nut shells1 if you like4 ,the last words being rude1 the mother chases the child or children1 according to the manner in which the game is played4 ,she asks as she does this1 ,where's my money8 ,the one addressed answers1 ,you may have the nut shells4 ,the mother tries to catch one or more of the children to inflict punishment4 ,the punishments are usually funny acts of some kind4 ,,garden ,,scamp ,all but two players form a ring1 and clasp hands4 ,the garden is enclosed by the players4 ,one of the odd players will be the scamp2 another player is the gardener4 ,he moves around outside of the circle1 and says1 ,who let you into my garden8 ,the scamp replies1 ,no one1 and starts to run4 ,the gardener follows his lead in and out among the players1 who lift their hands to allow this4 ,if the scamp be caught he becomes the gardener4 ,the scamp can lead the gardener a lively chase1 for he can play leap frog1 or turn somersaults1 if he so desires4 ,the gardener must imitate him4 ,,do ,,this1 ,,do ,,that ,the players face each other in two lines1 the leader being in the center4 ,when he says1 ,do this1 they obey1 and when he quickly follows his first order by saying1 ,do that1 the that being another act1 they must again obey at once4 ,if any one is slow1 he must exchange places with the leader4 ,the fun of the game depends upon the antics of the one in the ring4 ,,weather ,,cock ,this is an instructive game1 as it teaches children direction4 ,each child represents a point of the compass--north1 south1 east1 west4 ,when a leader calls3 ,which way does the wind blow8 a child of whom this is asked1 points either to the north1 south1 east or west1 according to the name given him4 ,,the ,,flowers ,,and ,,the ,,wind ,two parties play this game4 ,they stand at a distance apart4 ,the players represent flowers4 ,the first one in the line walks to the opposite line1 and asks of the first one3 ,what flower am ,i8 ,saying this1 the flower is ready to run for the wind4 ,an odd player stands ready to give chase1 if the guesser does not guess correctly4 ,the wind1 of course1 is told the names of the different flowers4 ,each player has a turn4 ,,blind ,,man',s ,,buff ,one player is blindfolded1 and turned about three times1 in the center of the room4 ,he tries to catch one of the other players4 ,if he succeeds1 he takes off the handkerchief and puts it upon the one touched4 ,in one form of ,blind ,man's ,buff1 the blindfolded one must guess the name of the one he catches before he can remove the handkerchief4 ,,french ,,blind ,,man',s ,,buff ,in this game the players are numbered1 and one is blindfolded4 ,two numbers are called out4 ,the ones so numbered run1 and the blindfolded one tries to catch one of them1 or they may run one at a time4 ,if the one in the center catches another1 he takes that one's place4 ,,blind ,,man',s ,,buff ,,with ,a ,,wand ,the players dance around the blindfolded one until he touches a player with his wand4 ,when he does this1 all stand still4 ,the one in the center may ask three questions of the one touched4 ,he1 replying1 disguises his voice4 ,if the blindfolded one succeeds in guessing whom he questioned1 he exchanges places with him4 ,,hide-,,and-,,seek ,,games ,a player hides1 the others seek him4 ,or any object may be hidden in an out-of-the-way place1 and this is to be found by a player4 ,when he succeeds in doing this1 the handkerchief is taken from his eyes 7if one is used74 ,each child has a turn in finding the article1 the place of hiding being changed each time for the new finder4 ,,follow ,,our ,,leader ,the leader walks before a line of players and performs ridiculous acts which all must imitate4 ,if any player fails to do this1 he or she is out of the game4 ,the leader may make the players perform feats like jumping over high places1 turning somersaults1 climbing1 etc41 if the players are boys4 ,if among the players there are girls1 the feats1 of necessity1 must not be too hard4 ,,feats ,,and ,,forfeits ,the children are required to perform certain acts or pay a forfeit4 ,these acts are decided upon by a committee before the guests1 or players1 assemble4 ,a few feats may be suggested1 such as the rabbit hop1 leap frog1 picking up a stick with the teeth while in a kneeling position1 etc41 or the player may be required to repeat ,peter ,piper1 or any ridiculous verses quickly4 ,if he does not succeed in doing what is required of him1 he must--if he is a boy--turn a somersault4 ,if the player is a girl1 she pays a forfeit or stands with her face to a corner4 ,,dumb ,,motions ,the players form two sides2 those on one side are masters1 the others men4 ,trades are represented1 and the men aim to keep working so that the masters will not take their places4 ,the tradesmen go through the motions of their trade4 ,the master must guess the trade4 ,when he does1 he exchanges place with the one whose trade he guessed4 ,,wand ,,tug ,,of ,,war ,wooden gymnastic wands are used1 half as many as there are players4 ,draw a line across the room or grass2 divide the players into two divisions1 one on each side of the line1 each player facing his opponent4 ,these grasp each other's wand1 and at a signal begin to tug1 but they must not put foot into the opponent's territory4 ,if they do the struggle ceases4 ,the side wins which secures the greatest number of wands4 ,,catch ,,and ,,pull ,,tug ,,of ,,war ,in the ,catch and ,pull ,tug of ,war1 a ring is formed by joining hands and standing in a circle1 and all tug to break the ring4 ,,nine ,,pins ,a player takes his stand in the center of the room4 ,the others stand in couples a few feet apart4 ,they march around the girl or boy in the center4 ,when the music stops suddenly1 one player of each pair goes to the one in front of him4 ,while they do this1 the one in the center tries to secure a place4 ,,preliminary ,,ball ,the players stand in two lines4 ,the players of one line1 at a signal1 throw the balls to those opposite them4 ,they then turn and throw against the wall1 if the game is played indoors4 ,,ball ,,dull ,the object of this game is to train the perceptions1 the muscular sense1 and the muscles themselves4 ,the weight of the ball is suited to the players4 ,the two-pound weights are used for girls4 ,the couples are far enough apart to allow space for full play4 ,one of each couple has a ball for himself and his partner4 ,the throwing of the balls to one of the opposite side is simultaneous1 when a leader gives the command4 ,,time ,,ball ,in this game the children are seated4 ,a line is drawn near the wall1 and two lines are drawn to form an aisle4 ,then the children decide upon the manner of throwing the ball4 ,this may be done with either hand4 ,the leader stands opposite his aisle on the line4 ,at a signal the first player in each row runs to the mark in his aisle4 ,when he has reached it1 the leader1 in the way previously agreed upon1 throws him the ball1 which he catches and returns4 ,he runs back to his seat4 ,this is repeated by each player4 ,then the leader1 seating himself1 places the ball before him on the floor1 or if in the open1 on the ground4 ,all assume position4 ,the first row doing this at a signal1 scores a point4 ,this is repeated fifteen times4 ,the row which assumes position promptly the greatest number of times win the game4 ,,railroad ,,train ,the players are named for an object on a train1 as smoke-stack1 boiler1 baggage car1 wheels1 conductor1 etc4 ,one player is the train master4 ,he says3 ,we must hurry up and make up a train to go to ,new ,york ,city at once4 ,it is a special4 ,we will take engine ,number #ba1 some coal and wood2 the bell must be in good order1 and the carpet must be swept2 the cushions dusted2 the beds in the sleeper must be made up1 etc4 ,when these objects are named1 the players run up to the starter when their names are given1 each one putting his hands on the shoulder of the one before him1 the first one having put his hands upon the starter in the same way4 ,when all are in line1 the train starts1 after the signal1 which is a bell4 ,the starter may imitate the noises a locomotive makes as it starts out on its journey4 ,he leads up hill and down dale1 and the line must remain unbroken4 ,the one who breaks the line pays a forfeit or is out of the game4 ,the line being mended1 continues its journey4 ,,merry-,,go-,,round ,stools are placed close together to form a circle1 and all the players seat themselves1 facing inwards1 except one player1 who stands in the center4 ,he tries to secure the seat that has been left vacant4 ,this is difficult1 because the players on the stools keep moving to the right from one stool to the next1 so that the location of the vacant seat varies4 ,when the player in the center secures a seat1 the one at his left goes into the center4 ,if more than thirty are playing1 it is better to have two vacant stools and two players in the center4 ,,pebble ,,chase ,the leader holds a pebble between the palms of his hands4 ,the others are grouped about him1 each with hands extended1 palm to palm4 ,the leader then passes his hands between those of the players4 ,no one can tell where he leaves the pebble1 until some one guesses where it is4 ,each player has a turn4 ,the one receiving the pebble is chased by the others4 ,if he succeeds in getting to the leader and giving the pebble to him before he is caught1 he can return to his place2 otherwise he changes place with the leader4 ,,how ,,many ,,miles ,,to ,,babylon8 ,the players1 being divided into two lines1 stand facing each other1 with a distance of about twelve feet between them4 ,the lines pair off1 and take hold of hands all along the line4 ,a dialogue takes place between the lines1 the players in a line speaking in unison4 ,as this is done1 they swing their arms and rock backward and forward from one foot to another1 keeping time to the rhythm of the words1 as follows3 ,how many miles to ,babylon8 ,three score and ten4 ,will we be there by candle light8 ,yes1 and back again4 ,open your gates and let us through4 ,not without a beck 7courtesy7 and a boo 7bow74 ,here's a beck and here's a boo1 ,here's a side and here's a sou2 ,open your gates and let us through4 ,all the players in the first line say3 ,here's a beck and here's a boo1 as they suit the action to the word4 ,as they do so1 they also drop hands and each makes a courtesy1 with hands at the hips for the beck1 and straighten up and make a deep bow forward for the boo2 assuming an upright attitude1 then1 and bending the head sideways to the right for ,here's a side1 and to the left for ,here's a sou4 ,the partners clasp hands1 and all run forward ten steps1 keeping time with the rhythm of the words4 ,then all pass under the upraised hands1 which represent the city gates4 ,this is done in four running steps1 making twelve steps in all4 ,the couples who made the gate then turn around in four running steps1 until they face the first line1 when they repeat the dialogue as given above1 etc4 ,,puss ,,in ,,the ,,corner ,corners are selected by some of the players2 the others remain in the center of the room4 ,the puss in a corner calls to the other puss in a corner1 ,puss1 puss1 and they try to get to each other's corner before these can be taken by the others4 ,when this is played outdoors1 trees or the corners in a fence may be utilized as were the corners of a room4 ,,chapter ,,xvii ,,indoor ,,games ,,for ,,young ,,children4 ,,patch ,,work--,,peanut ,,game--,,soap ,,bubbles--,,candy ,,pulls--,,cook ,,and ,,peas--,,magic ,,music--,,zoology ,,patchwork ,the hostess cuts pictures into four parts and mixes them in a box1 or loosely places them in the center of a table4 ,then each guest takes four and puts them together as a picture4 ,the effect is very funny at times4 ,some of the children's picture blocks may be used for this game1 using four sets at a time4 ,,quotations ,the girl or boy host gives each guest1 on a slip of paper1 the beginning of a quotation4 ,all go about the room looking for the end of the quotations1 which are hidden in different places in the room2 or1 if older children are playing this game1 pencils and paper are given them1 and they write the full quotation4 ,,table ,,game ,a penny party furnishes amusement for an evening4 ,with the invitations is sent a request for each guest to bring a penny1 not for an admission fee1 but for use4 ,for each guest there are provided two cards and a pencil2 one card is blank2 the other has a list of the things to be found on a penny4 ,the list is numbered1 and each person is expected to name as many as he can1 prizes being awarded for the best and poorest list4 ,find-- #a4 ,top of hill4 #b4 ,place of worship4 #c4 ,an animal4 #d4 ,a fruit4 #e4 ,a common fruit4 #f4 ,links between absent friends4 #g4 ,union of youth and old age4 #h4 ,a vegetable4 #i4 ,flowers4 #aj4 ,what we fight for4 #aa4 ,metal4 #ab4 ,a messenger4 #ac4 ,a weapon of defense4 #ad4 ,a weapon of warfare4 #ae4 ,a body of water4 #af4 ,a beverage4 #ag4 ,what young ladies want4 #ah4 ,the most popular ,state4 #ai1 ,what men work for4 #bj4 ,sign of royalty4 #ba4 ,a jolly dog4 ,the answers are3 #a4 ,brow4 #b4 ,temple4 #c4 ,hare 7hair74 #d4 ,date4 #e4 ,apple4 #f4 ,letters4 #g4 #ahid 7,the date of the penny74 #h4 ,ear4 #i4 ,tulips 7two lips74 #aj4 ,liberty4 #aa4 ,copper4 #ab4 ,one cent 7sent74 #ac4 ,shield4 #ad4 ,arrow4 #ae4 ,sea 7c74 #af4 ,tea 7t74 #ag4 ,beau 7bow74 #ah4 ,united ,states 7matrimony74 #ai4 ,money4 #bj4 ,crown4 #ba4 ,a merry cur 7,america74 ,usually a half hour is allowed for filling out the blank cards1 and after that some time for correcting the lists and awarding prizes4 ,a ,,doll ,,show ,this is a form of entertainment always liked by the younger children4 ,it can be made amusing1 as well as instructive1 by having those representing the show to take the part of dolls of the different nations4 ,when the invitations are sent out1 it should be specified what part each little guest will take4 ,some of the guests may be the audience if they prefer1 or adults may be the on-lookers4 ,each little guest receives a doll as a souvenir4 ,another form of doll party is where the children bring dolls dressed by themselves4 ,the doll whose gown is most neatly made receives a prize4 ,there may also be dolls made of beets1 carrots1 potatoes1 tomatoes1 etc41 by using sticks1 cloves1 etc41 with the vegetables named4 ,the results are very funny4 ,these are put on exhibition on the table and an umpire decides for which prizes are to be given4 ,,peanut ,,game ,the little hostess or host selects two leaders4 ,these choose sides4 ,two large rugs are placed near together on the floor4 ,a bowl of peanuts is placed in the center of each4 ,the little players which can soonest dispose of their peanuts two inches apart on their rug1 are the winners4 ,the hostess gives the signal at the beginning and end of the contest4 ,the sides may work simultaneously or singly1 according as the game is played1 individually or by sides as a whole4 ,the peanuts are eaten at the end of the game1 and a prize of a box of candy is given the winning side or child4 ,this is passed about to the guests4 ,,peanut ,,hunt ,some peanuts must be secretly hidden in out-of-the-way places--in bric-a-brac1 etc4 ,give a pretty bag or box to be used as a receptacle for the peanuts1 and then the hunt begins4 ,the one getting the most peanuts1 receives a prize4 ,he may eat all the peanuts he finds1 after the contest is decided1 but a lesson in unselfishness is here possible4 ,the hostess may suggest sharing the peanuts with one who tried hard to find many nuts1 but did not succeed2 or1 if there be a lame child1 or one deformed1 he or she should receive some of the nuts of the winners1 and of those the others find4 ,a ,,peanut ,,party ,the invitations have peanuts painted on them1 so have little menu cards1 which are placed at each plate at the table4 ,these designs are often funny1 and even grotesque1 as they represent brownies1 etc4 ,peanuts are strung as necklaces1 bracelets1 etc4 ,some of the sandwiches are made of mashed peanuts--called peanut butter--and they are delicious4 ,peanut candy is served1 and at the end peanuts are jabbed for with hat pins4 ,for this all gather at different little tables1 or turns are taken at one table1 the peanuts being piled up in the center4 ,a box of candy is given the winner4 ,this he or she1 of course1 passes among the guests4 ,a ,,children',s ,,fair ,this may be made not only enjoyable1 but charitable as well4 ,tables holding fancy work--preferably the work of the children--candies 7home-made71 groceries1 aprons1 pen-wipers1 iron-holders1 hand-painted cards1 capes1 etc41 etc41 may be sold4 ,rebecca sits at the ,well--a well of lemonade4 ,a grab-bag1 an orange tree1 with saleable parcels on it4 ,a post-office1 where letters are sold1 and finally a refreshment table or tables1 the little girls and boys serving as waiters1 in costumes4 ,,soap ,,bubbles ,making bubbles requires no great effort of the mind or body4 ,clay pipes for the players are furnished by the hostess4 ,bowls are filled with water which is quite soapy4 ,the pipes show the colors of the side or sides1 being tied with ribbons of different colors4 ,the game contest may be decided in two ways4 ,either the one who makes the largest bubble is winner1 or the one making the most bubbles in a given time4 ,the sides or individuals may play in turn4 ,a ,,pop-,,corn ,,party ,a pop-corn party1 of necessity1 like a candy pull1 must be held in the kitchen4 ,this can be decorated for the occasion4 ,each little guest brings an apron to be donned before the popping begins4 ,first1 shell the corn4 ,second1 take a dipper full of corn and pop it4 ,this popping is done in a pan over a clear fire4 ,third1 divide into parts1 when done4 ,fourth1 sprinkle some with cochineal1 if pink corn is desired4 ,fifth1 string the pop-corn on threads4 ,a needle is used to do this4 ,necklaces1 bracelets1 and boys' chains may be so made4 ,each child receives a handsome cornucopia or box as a receptacle for his popcorn4 ,,candy ,,pull ,candy ready to pull may be bought at a candy store1 or molasses may be boiled at home until it is ready to pull1 when the hands are greased and the pulling begins4 ,as suggested for a pop-corn party1 the kitchen or dining-room is the best place in which to give a party of this kind4 ,it may be decorated to look well1 and the children doubtless would enjoy their play here more than in the parlor4 ,a ,,baby ,,show ,this may be of dolls or real babies4 ,you can borrow the babies for the occasion4 ,a committee decides which is the handsomest baby1 which the best-natured1 etc4 ,rattiers1 toys1 etc41 are given the babies1 or you can have your parents and other lady friends take the part of babies4 ,put a bib on them when they go to supper4 ,,miss ,,children ,the little players sit or stand round the room in a circle4 ,the leader assigns to each some musical instrument1 as harp1 flute1 violincello1 trombone1 etc41 and also selects one for himself4 ,some well-known tune is then given out1 say ,yankee ,doodle1 and the players all begin to play accordingly1 each doing his best to imitate1 both in sound and action1 the instrument which has been assigned to him1 the effect being generally extremely harmonious4 ,the leader commences with his own instrument1 but without any warning suddenly ceases1 and begins instead to perform on the instrument assigned to one of the players4 ,such player is bound to notice the change1 and forthwith to take the instrument just abandoned by the leader1 incurring a forfeit if he fails to do so4 ,,the ,,cook ,,who ,,doesn',t ,,like ,,peas ,the fun of this game depends on a fair proportion of the players not being acquainted with it4 ,the leader begins1 addressing the first player1 ,i have a cook who doesn't like peas 7p's72 what will you give her for dinner8 ,the person addressed1 if acquainted with the secret1 avoids the letter p in his answer1 and1 for example1 says1 ,i will give her some walnuts4 ,the question is then asked of the second person1 who1 if unacquainted with the trick1 is likely enough to offer some delicacy which contains the letter p2 e4g41 potatoes1 asparagus1 pork1 apple-pie1 pickled cabbage1 peanuts1 etc41 etc4 ,when this occurs1 the offender is called upon to pay a forfeit1 but the precise nature of his offense is not explained to him4 ,he is simply told1 in answer to his expostulations1 that the cook doesn't like p's4 ,when a sufficient number of forfeits has been extracted1 the secret is revealed1 and those who have not already guessed it1 are teased by being told 7over and over again7 that the cook did not like p's1 and if they would persist in giving them to her1 they must1 of course1 take the consequences4 ,,magic ,,music--,,any ,,number ,,of ,,players ,one player is sent from the room4 ,the others decide upon something for him to do1 but he is not told what it is1 though he is helped by a noise of some kind on metal1 or on a musical instrument4 ,when he is near an object with which he is to perform some feat1 the noise is loud4 ,if he touches the wrong object1 the music is soft4 ,any one of the musical instruments commonly used by children may be employed in this game4 ,,zoology--,,any ,,number ,,of ,,players ,the leader says3 ,of what animal am ,i thinking8 ,he tells that the animal has a certain number of legs1 and gives other points of a like nature4 ,from this description the guessing is done4 ,when a player guesses the animal correctly1 he scores a point4 ,each player has a turn4 ,the game is played until it loses its interest4 ,,chapter ,,xviii ,,out-,,door ,,games ,,for ,,young ,,children ,,bean ,,bag ,,games--,,skipping ,,the ,,rope--,,various ,,tag ,,games--,,crossing ,,the ,,brook ,,target ,,bean ,,bag ,the bags are thrown at targets4 ,a score is made out4 ,a prize is given the one getting the best score4 ,throwing the bean bag over the head is another form of ,bean ,bag ,game4 ,it must be caught by one standing back of the tosser4 ,the one who catches it becomes the tosser4 ,,box ,,bean ,,bag ,this game consists of tosses of the bean bag into boxes4 ,the player stands at a distance4 ,the one being successful in his throws the most times is the winner4 ,,bean ,,bag ,,games ,an equal number of players out of doors4 ,two parties are formed1 divided by eight or ten feet of space4 ,the umpire gives a signal1 and a player in one line runs to the other side--half way1 and tosses his bag to the one at the end of the line2 he then takes his place next to this one1 and the line moves down4 ,this is continued1 opposite sides taking turns4 ,then the game is reversed1 until the player who first played is in his original place4 ,,bean ,,bag ,,race ,a bean bag is placed on the ground and another at some distance from it4 ,two players1 at a given signal1 run to these bags4 ,the one who can catch the bag and get to the staff placed near the umpire is the winner4 ,sides may be scored instead of the individual players4 ,,bean ,,bag ,,at ,,the ,,seashore ,at the seashore stones or blocks of wood may be substituted for the bags4 ,a ring is drawn on the ground and the players take sides4 ,the leader of each side toes a starting line across the ground at a distance from the circle4 ,bean bags or stones are thrown into the center of this1 each one having a turn4 ,the side getting the biggest score is the winning one4 ,,skipping ,,the ,,rope ,skipping the rope is an admirable exercise for girls and boys4 ,there should be a spring in doing this4 ,when a jumper comes down on his heels1 instead of jumping from his toes1 he is apt to make the skipping injurious by jarring his back4 ,the players jump in turn over a long rope turned by two of the players4 ,each has a turn4 ,a score is kept of the number of times a player can do this4 ,sides may be formed1 or the jumpers may see how many times they can jump over the rope in succession4 ,,home ,,tag--,,any ,,number ,,of ,,players ,the chaser tries to tag the runners before they can get home1 or to a given place4 ,if he succeeds1 the one tagged is ,it4 ,,secret ,,tag ,is played by not telling who is ,it4 ,he chases the other players and tries to tag one of them4 ,if he succeeds1 the one who was tagged becomes ,it4 ,,japanese ,,tag ,in this game the one tagged must place his hand on the spot of his body where the tagger tagged him2 doing this1 he must chase the other players until he tags one of them4 ,,crossing ,,the ,,brook ,this is a favorite game with little children4 ,a place is marked off and named ,the ,brook--we will say it is three feet wide4 ,the players run and try to jump the brook4 ,when all have jumped over1 they stand and jump backwards4 ,the one who jumps into the brook instead of across it is out of the game4 ,,chapter ,,xix ,,singing ,,games ,,for ,,children ,,moon ,,and ,,stars--,,bologna ,,man--,,orchestra--,,jack ,,be ,,nimble--,,oats1 ,,peas1 ,,beans-- ,,farmer ,,in ,,the ,,dell--,,london ,,bridge1 ,,etc4 ,,orchestra ,this is a very noisy game4 ,the conductor names his players for instruments1 and tells them in pantomime how to play4 ,he then orders them to tune up4 ,they do so1 producing a terrible discord4 ,then the baton is waved by the conductor1 and the musicians imitate the sounds of their instruments1 while also imitating the movements assigned them by the conductor4 ,the result is very funny4 ,,charley ,,over ,,the ,,water ,a player becomes ,charlie4 ,he stands in the center2 the others form a circle about him1 and dance1 repeating the rhyme3 ,charlie over the water1 ,charlie over the sea1 ,charlie caught a black-bird1 ,he can't catch me4 ,when the verse is ended1 all the players try to stop before ,charlie can tag them4 ,if they succeed in doing this1 ,charlie remains in the ring and the verse is repeated1 etc4 ,the tagged one takes his place and he enters the ring4 ,,jack ,,be ,,nimble ,jack1 be nimble1 ,jack1 be quick1 ,jack jumped over the candlestick4 ,a candlestick is placed on the floor4 ,the players in turn jump over it1 using both feet in so doing4 ,any other object may be substituted for the candlestick4 ,one of the players sings the verse and when the last line is reached the jump is made4 ,,mary',s ,,little ,,lamb ,this is a great favorite with the young folks4 ,when everything else has become tiresome1 some one starts the first line of the verse3 ,mary had a little lamb1 ,fleece as white as snow1 etc4 ,all sing1 and on the second verse being reached the last syllable of the first line is dropped1 then the next to the last1 the third1 the fourth1 and so on1 until the line is totally omitted4 ,the aim of the singers is to keep exact time1 counting a beat for each omitted syllable1 and any one whose voice breaks in when all should be silent1 pays a forfeit4 ,the same can be done with ,john ,brown's ,body1 repeating the first verse and omitting syllable after syllable at the end of the first line until there is nothing left to sing but the chorus4 ,,the ,,snail ,holding hands1 the children form a line1 singing the following words2 they wind up in a spiral1 following the first child1 who is the largest one1 and represents the snail's head4 ,the others huddle together to form the shell into which the snail creeps4 ,the motion is slow1 for the saying creeps like a snail1 is proverbial4 ,hand in hand you see us well1 ,creep like a snail into his shell1 ,ever nearer1 ever nearer1 ,ever closer1 ever closer4 ,very snug indeed you dwell1 ,snail1 within your tiny shell4 ,hand in hand you see us well1 ,creep like a snail out of his shell1 ,ever farther1 ever farther1 ,ever wider1 ever wider1 ,who'd have thought this tiny shell1 ,could have held the snail so well8 ,with the last verse the creeping out of the shell is accomplished4 ,,oats1 ,,peas1 ,,beans ,a circle is formed4 ,one player stands in the center4 ,after singing the first four lines1 all drop their hands4 ,after this they imitate the motions suggested by the song4 ,at the end of the verse they turn around several times1 and then1 joining hands1 sing the chorus1 standing still1 for the last two lines4 ,then the one in the center chooses one in1 and returns herself to the circle4 ,the game goes on as before4 ,oats1 peas1 beans and barley grows1 ,oats1 peas1 beans and barley grows1 ,nor you nor ,i nor nobody knows1 ,how oats1 peas1 beans and barley grows1 ,thus the farmer sows his seed1 ,thus he stands and takes his ease1 ,stamps his foot and clasps his hands1 ,and turn around to view his lands4 ,a-waiting for a partner1 ,a-waiting for a partner1 ,so open the ring and choose one in1 ,make haste and choose your partner4 ,now you're married you must obey4 ,you must be true to all you say4 ,you must be kind1 you must be good1 ,and keep your wife in kindling wood4 ,,mulberry ,,bush ,the players stand in a circle clasping hands1 and circle round1 singing the first verse4 ,in the second and alternate verses1 the action indicated by the lines is given in pantomime4 ,in all verses the players spin around rapidly1 each in her own place1 on the repetition of the refrain1 ,so early in the morning4 ,here we go round the mulberry bush1 ,the mulberry bush1 the mulberry bush1 ,here we go round the mulberry bush1 ,so early in the morning6 ,this is the way we wash our clothes1 ,we wash our clothes1 we wash our clothes1 ,this is the way we wash our clothes1 ,so early ,monday morning4 ,this is the way we iron our clothes1 ,we iron our clothes1 we iron our clothes1 ,this is the way we iron our clothes1 ,so early ,tuesday morning4 ,this is the way we scrub the floor1 ,we scrub the floor1 we scrub the floor1 ,this is the way we scrub the floor1 ,so early ,wednesday morning4 ,this is the way we mend our clothes1 ,we mend our clothes1 we mend our clothes1 ,this is the way we mend our clothes1 ,so early ,thursday morning4 ,this is the way we sweep the house1 ,we sweep the house1 we sweep the house1 ,this is the way we sweep the house1 ,so early ,friday morning4 ,thus we play when our work is done1 ,our work is done1 our work is done1 ,thus we play when our work is done1 ,so early ,saturday morning4 ,,itiskit1 ,,itasket ,all the players but one stand in a circle with clasped hands2 the odd player1 carrying a handkerchief1 runs around on the outside of the circle1 singing3 ,itiskit1 itasket1 ,a green and yellow basket2 ,i wrote a letter to my love ,and on the way ,i dropped it4 ,some one of you has picked it up ,and put it in your pocket2 ,it isn't you--it isn't you-- ,the last phrase is repeated until the player reaches one behind whom he wishes to drop the handkerchief1 when he says1 ,it is you1 and immediately starts on a quick run around the circle4 ,the one behind whom the handkerchief was dropped picks it up and at once starts around the circle in the opposite direction1 the object being to see which of the two shall first reach the vacant place4 ,the one who is left out takes the handkerchief for the next round4 ,should a circle player fail to discover that the handkerchief has been dropped behind him until the one who has dropped it has walked or run entirely around the circle1 he must yield his place in the circle to the handkerchief man1 changing places with him4 ,,farmer ,,in ,,the ,,dell ,the players stand in a circle4 ,one of their number is in the center4 ,he is the farmer in the dell4 ,at the singing of the second verse1 where the farmer takes a wife1 the center player beckons to another1 who goes in and stands by her4 ,the circle keeps moving while each verse is sung1 and each time the player last called in beckons to another2 that is1 the wife beckons one into the circle as the child1 the child beckons one for the nurse1 etc41 until six are standing in the circle4 ,when the lines1 ,the rat takes the cheese1 are sung1 the players inside the circle and those forming it jump up and down and clap their hands in a grand confusion1 and the game breaks up4 ,the farmer in the dell1 ,the farmer in the dell1 ,heigh-o6 the cherry-oh6 ,the farmer in the dell4 ,the farmer takes a wife1 ,the farmer takes a wife1 ,heigh-o6 the cherry-oh6 ,the farmer takes a wife4 ,the wife takes a child1 ,the wife takes a child1 ,heigh-o6 the cherry-oh6 ,the wife takes a child4 ,the child takes a nurse1 etc4 ,the nurse takes a cat1 etc4 ,the cat takes a rat1 etc4 ,the rat takes the cheese1 etc4 ,the succeeding verses vary only in the choice in each1 and follow in this order4 ,,the ,,king ,,of ,,france ,the ,king of ,france with forty thousand men ,marched up the hill and then marched down again4 ,the players stand in two rows or groups facing each other4 ,each group has a leader1 who stands in the center and represents a king leading his army4 ,the game or play is a simple one of imitation1 in which the players perform in unison some action first indicated by one of the leaders4 ,the leaders of the two groups take turns in singing the verse1 at the same time marching forward during the first line of the verse1 and back again to their places during the second line1 illustrating the action that is then to be taken by all4 ,the verse is then sung by both groups while advancing toward each other and retreating1 performing the movements indicated by the leaders4 ,the movements illustrated by the leaders may be anything suitable to an army of men1 the words describing the movement being substituted for the line1 marched up the hill1 thus3 ,the ,king of ,france with forty thousand men ,waved his flag and then marched down again4 ,the following variations are suggested1 each of which indicates the movements to go with it3 ,gave a salute1 etc4 ,beat his drum1 etc4 ,blew his horn1 etc4 ,drew his sword1 etc4 ,aimed his gun1 etc4 ,fired his gun1 etc4 ,shouldered arms1 etc4 ,pranced on his horse1 etc4 ,it is scarcely necessary to say that a real flag and drum add much to the martial spirit of the game1 and if each soldier can have a stick or wand over his shoulder for a gun1 the esprit de corps will be proportionately enhanced4 ,,london ,,bridge ,london bridge is falling down1 ,falling down1 falling down4 ,london bridge is falling down1 ,my fair lady6 ,build it up with iron bars1 ,iron bars1 iron bars1 ,build it up with iron bars1 ,my fair lady6 ,iron bars will bend and break1 ,bend and break1 bend and break1 ,iron bars will bend and break1 ,my fair lady6 ,build it up with gold and silver1 etc4 ,gold and silver will be stolen away1 etc4 ,get a man to watch all night1 etc4 ,suppose the man should fall asleep8 etc4 ,put a pipe into his mouth1 etc4 ,suppose the pipe should fall and break1 etc4 ,get a dog to bark all night1 etc4 ,suppose the dog should meet a bone8 etc4 ,get a cock to crow all night1 etc4 ,here's a prisoner ,i have got1 etc4 ,what's the prisoner done to you8 etc4 ,stole my hat and lost my keys1 etc4 ,a hundred pounds will set him free1 etc4 ,a hundred pounds he has not got1 etc4 ,off to prison he must go1 etc4 ,two of the tallest players represent a bridge by facing each other1 clasping hands1 and holding them high for the others to pass under4 ,the other players1 in a long line1 each holding the other by the hand or dress1 pass under the arch while the verses are sung alternately by the players representing the bridge and those passing under1 those forming the arch singing the first and alternate verses and the last ,off to prison4 ,as the words ,here's a prisoner ,i have got1 are sung1 the players representing the bridge drop their arms around the one who happens to be passing under at the time4 ,the succeeding verses are then sung to ,off to prison he must go4 ,during this last one the prisoner is led off to one side to a place supposed to be a prison1 and is there asked in a whisper or low voice to choose between two valuable objects1 represented by the two bridge players1 who have previously agreed which each shall represent1 such as a diamond necklace or a gold piano4 ,the prisoner belongs to the side which he thus chooses4 ,when all have been caught the prisoners line up behind their respective leaders 7who have up to this time been the holders of the bridge71 clasp each other around the waist1 and a tug of war takes place1 the side winning which succeeds in pulling its opponent across a given line4 ,where a large number of players are taking part1 say over ten1 the action may be made much more rapid and interesting by forming several spans or arches to the bridge instead of only one1 and by having the players run instead of walk under4 ,there is thus much more activity for each player1 and the prisoners are all caught much sooner4 ,,singing ,,games ,,for ,,small ,,children ,,moon ,,and ,,morning ,,stars ,this is a ,spanish game4 ,a player represents the moon2 the rest are stars4 ,the moon is placed in the shadow of a tree or house4 ,the morning stars dance about a child1 standing on a chair with extended arms1 to represent the sun just risen4 ,the stars dance around the sun1 occasionally going quite near the moon2 while doing this1 they sing ,o moon and morning stars1 ,o the moon and morning stars ,who dares to tread--oh1 ,within the shadow8 ,the moon tries to catch a star1 and the one caught becomes the moon4 ,,wee ,,bologna ,,man ,two to forty players4 ,the leader recites3 ,i'm a wee ,bologna ,man2 ,always do the best you can ,to follow the wee ,bologna ,man4 ,while doing this he imitates an instrument of an orchestra4 ,the others imitate him4 ,this game may be varied1 the ,bologna man imitating animals or birds1 or making any sound he wishes to make1 or he can hop and croak like a frog1 or imitate the motions and noise of an angry cat1 or the like4 ,,draw ,a ,,bucket ,,of ,,water ,this game is played in groups of four4 ,two players face each other1 clasping hands at full arms' length4 ,the other two face each other in the same way1 with their arms crossing those of the first couple at right angles4 ,bracing the feet1 the couples sway backward and forward1 singing the following rhyme3 ,draw a bucket of water1 ,for my lady's daughter4 ,one in a rush1 ,two in a rush1 ,please1 little girl1 bob under the bush4 ,when the last line is sung the players all raise their arms without unclasping the hands1 and place them around their companions1 who stoop to step inside4 ,they will then be standing in a circle with arms around each other's waists4 ,the game finishes by dancing in this position around the ring1 repeating the verse once more4 ,,chapter ,,xx ,,games ,,of ,,arithmetic ,,thought ,,numbers--,,mystical ,,nine--,,magic ,,hundred--,,king ,,and ,,counsellor-- ,,horse-,,shoe ,,nails--,,dinner ,,party ,,puzzle--,,baskets ,,and ,,stones1 ,,etc4 ,,how ,,to ,,tell ,,any ,,number ,,thought ,,of ,ask any person to think of a number1 say a certain number of dollars2 tell him to borrow that sum of some one in the company1 and add the number borrowed to the amount thought of4 ,it will here be proper to name the person who lends him the money1 and to beg the one who makes the calculation to do it with great care1 as he may readily fall into an error1 especially the first time4 ,then say to the person3 ,i do not lend you1 but give you #aj2 add them to the former sum4 ,continue in this manner3 ,give the half to the poor1 and retain in your memory the other half4 ,then add3 ,return to the gentleman1 or lady1 what you borrowed1 and remember that the sum lent you was exactly equal to the number thought of4 ,ask the person if he knows exactly what remains2 he will answer ,yes4 ,you must then say3 ,and ,i know also the number that remains2 it is equal to what ,i am going to conceal in my hand4 ,put into one of your hands #e pieces of money1 and desire the person to tell how many you have got4 ,he will answer #e2 upon which open your hand and show him the #e pieces4 ,you may then say3 ,i well knew that your result was #e2 but if you had thought of a very large number1 for example1 two or three millions1 the result would have been much greater1 but my hand would not have held a number of pieces equal to the remainder4 ,the person then supposing that the result of the calculation must be different1 according to the difference of the number thought of1 will imagine that it is necessary to know the last number in order to guess the result2 but this idea is false1 for1 in the case which we have here supposed1 whatever be the number thought of1 the remainder must always be #e4 ,the reason of this is as follows3 ,the sum1 the half of which is given to the poor1 is nothing else than twice the number thought of1 plus #aj2 and when the poor have received their part1 there remains only the number thought of plus #e2 but the number thought of is cut off when the sum borrowed is returned1 and consequently there remains only #e4 ,the result may be easily known1 since it will be the half of the number given in the third part of the operation2 for example1 whatever be the number thought of1 the remainder will be #cf or #be1 according as #gb or #ej have been given4 ,if this trick be performed several times successively1 the number given in the third part of the operation must be always different2 for if the result were several times the same1 the deception might be discovered4 ,when the five first parts of the calculation for obtaining a result are finished1 it will be best not to name it at first1 but to continue the operation1 to render it more complex1 by saying for example3 ,double the remainder1 deduct two1 add three1 take the fourth part1 etc42 and the different steps of the calculation may be kept in mind1 in order to know how much the first result has been increased or diminished4 ,this irregular process never fails to confound those who attempt to follow it4 ,,another ,,way ,tell the person to take #a from the number thought of1 and then double the remainder2 desire him to take #a from this double1 and to add to it the number thought of1 in the last place1 ask him the number arising from this addition1 and1 if you add #c to it1 the third of the sum will be the number thought of4 ,the application of this rule is so easy that it is needless to illustrate it by an example4 ,a ,,third ,,way ,ask the person to add #a to the triple of the number thought of1 and to multiply the sum by three2 then bid him add to this product the number thought of1 and the result will be a sum from which if #c be subtracted1 the remainder will be ten times the number required2 and if the cipher on the right be cut off from the remainder1 the other figure will indicate the number sought4 ,example--,let the number thought of be #f1 the triple of which is #ah2 and if #a be added1 it makes #ai2 the triple of this last number is #eg1 and if #f be added it makes #fc1 from which if #c be subtracted1 the remainder will be #fj2 now1 if the cipher on the right be cut off1 the remaining figure1 #f1 will be the number required4 ,a ,,fourth ,,way ,tell the person to multiply the number thought of by itself2 then desire him to add #a to the number thought of1 and to multiply it also by itself2 in the last place1 ask him to tell the difference of these two products1 which will certainly be an odd number1 and the least half of it will be the number required4 ,let the number thought of1 for example1 be #aj2 which1 multiplied by itself1 gives #ajj2 in the next place1 #aj increased by #a is #aa2 which1 multiplied by itself makes #aba2 and the difference of these two squares is #ba1 the least half of which1 being #aj1 is the number thought of4 ,,how ,,to ,,tell ,,numbers ,,thought ,,of ,if one or more numbers thought of be greater than #i1 we must distinguish two cases2 that in which the number or the numbers thought of is odd1 and that in which it is even4 ,in the first case1 ask the sum of the first and second2 of the second and third2 the third and fourth2 and so on to the last2 and then the sum of the first and the last4 ,having written down all these sums in order1 add together all those1 the places of which are odd1 as the first1 the third1 the fifth1 etc42 make another sum of all those1 the places of which are even1 as the second1 the fourth1 the sixth1 etc42 subtract this sum from the former1 and the remainder will be the double of the first number4 ,let us suppose1 for example1 that the five following numbers are thought of3 #c1 #g1 #ac1 #ag1 #bj1 which1 when added two and two as above1 give #aj1 #bj1 #cj1 #cg1 #bc2 the sum of the first1 third1 and fifth is #fc1 and that of the second and fourth is #eg2 if #eg be subtracted from #fc1 the remainder #f1 will be the double of the first number1 #c4 ,now1 if #c be taken from #aj1 the first of the sums1 the remainder #g1 will be the second number2 and by proceeding in this manner1 we may find all the rest4 ,in the second case1 that is to say1 if the number or the numbers thought of be even1 you must ask and write down as above1 the sum of the first and second2 that of the second and third2 and so on1 as before2 but instead of the sum of the first and the last1 you must take that of the second and last2 then add together those which stand in the even places1 and form them into a new sum apart2 add also those in the odd places1 the first excepted1 and subtract this sum from the former1 the remainder will be double of the second number2 and if the second number1 thus found1 be subtracted from the sum of the first and second1 you will have the first number2 if it be taken from that of the second and third1 it will give the third2 and so of the rest4 ,let the numbers thought of be1 for example1 #c1 #g1 #ac1 #ag2 the sums formed as above are #aj1 #bj1 #cj1 #bd2 the sum of the second and fourth is #dd1 from which if #cj1 the third1 be subtracted1 the remainder will be #ad1 the double of #g1 the second number4 ,the first therefore is #c1 third #ac1 and the fourth #ag4 ,when each of the numbers thought of does not exceed #i1 they may be easily found in the following manner3 ,having made the person add #a to the double of the first number thought of1 desire him to multiply the whole by #e1 and to add to the product the second number4 ,if there be a third1 make him double this first sum1 and add #a to it1 after which1 desire him to multiply the new sum by #e1 and to add to it the third number4 ,if there be a fourth1 proceed in the same manner1 desiring him to double the preceding sum2 to add to it #a2 to multiply by #e2 to add the fourth number2 and so on4 ,then ask the number arising from the addition of the last number thought of1 and if there were two numbers1 subtract #e from it2 if there were three1 #ee2 if there were four1 #eee2 and so on2 for the remainder will be composed of figures1 of which the first on the left will be the first number thought of1 the next second1 and so on4 ,suppose the numbers thought of be #c1 #d1 #f2 by adding #a to #f1 the double of the first1 we shall have #g1 which1 being multiplied by #e1 will give #ce2 if #d1 the second number thought of1 be then added1 we shall have #ci1 which doubled gives #gh2 and1 if we add #a1 and multiply #gi1 the sum1 by #e1 the result will be #cie4 ,in the last place1 if we add #f1 the number thought of1 the sum will be #dja2 and if #ee be deducted from it1 we shall have1 for remainder1 #cdf1 the figures of which1 #c1 #d1 #f1 indicate in order the three numbers though of4 ,,gold ,,and ,,silver ,,game ,one of the party having in one hand a piece of gold and in the other a piece of silver1 you may tell in which hand he has the gold and in which the silver1 by the following method3 ,some value1 represented by an even number1 such as #h1 must be assigned to the gold1 and a value represented by an odd number1 such as #c1 must be assigned to the silver2 after which1 desire the person to multiply the number in the right hand by any even number whatever1 such as #b2 and that in the left hand by an odd number1 as #c2 then bid him add together the two products1 and if the whole sum be odd1 the gold will be in the right hand and the silver in the left2 if the sum be even1 the contrary will be the case4 ,to conceal the trick better1 it will be sufficient to ask whether the sum of the two products can be halved without a remainder2 for in that case the total will be even1 and in the contrary case odd4 ,it may be readily seen1 that the pieces1 instead of being in the two hands of the same person1 may be supposed to be in the hands of two persons1 one of whom has the even number1 or piece of gold1 and the other the odd number1 or piece of silver4 ,the same operations may then be performed in regard to these two persons1 as are performed in regard to the two hands of the same person1 calling the one privately the right and the other the left4 ,,the ,,number ,,bag ,the plan is to let a person select several numbers out of a bag1 and to tell him the number which shall exactly divide the sum of those he has chosen2 provide a small bag1 divided into two parts1 into one of which put several tickets1 numbered1 #f1 #i1 #ae1 #cf1 #fc1 #abj1 #bac1 #cji1 etc42 and in the other part put as many other tickets marked number #c only4 ,draw a handful of tickets from the first part1 and1 after showing them to the company1 put them into the bag again1 and1 having opened it a second time1 desire any one to take out as many tickets as he thinks proper2 when he has done that1 you open privately the other part of the bag1 and tell him to take out of it one ticket only4 ,you may safely pronounce that the ticket shall contain the number by which the amount of the other numbers is divisible2 for1 as each of these numbers can be multiplied by #c1 their sum total must1 evidently1 be divisible by that number4 ,an ingenious mind may easily diversify this exercise1 by marking the tickets in one part of the bag with any numbers that are divisible by #i only1 the properties of both #i and #c being the same2 and it should never be exhibited to the same company twice without being varied4 ,,the ,,mystical ,,number ,,nine ,the discovery of remarkable properties of the number #i was accidentally made1 more than forty years since1 though1 we believe1 it is not generally known4 ,the component figures of the product made by the multiplication of every digit into the number #i1 when added together1 make ,nine4 ,the order of these component figures is reversed after the said number has been multiplied by #e4 ,the component figures of the amount of the multipliers 7viz4 #de71 when added together1 make ,nine4 ,the amount of the several products or multiples of #i 7viz4 #dje71 when divided by #i1 gives far a quotient1 #de2 that is1 #d plus #e ,nine4 ,the amount of the first product 7viz4 #i71 when added to the other product1 whose respective component figures make #i1 is #ha2 which is the square of ,nine4 ,the said number #ha1 when added to the above-mentioned amount of the several products1 or multiples1 of #i 7viz4 #dje71 makes #dhf2 which1 if divided by #i1 gives1 for a quotient1 #ed2 that is #e plus #d ,nine4 ,it is also observable1 that the number of changes that may be rung on nine bells1 is #cfb1hhj2 which figures added together1 make #bg2 that is1 #b plus #g ,nine4 ,and the quotient of #cfb1hhj1 divided by #i1 will be #dj1cbj2 that is1 #d plus #j plus #c plus #b plus #j ,nine4 ,to add a figure to any given number1 which shall render it divisible by ,nine3 ,add the figures named2 and the figure which must be added to the sum produced1 in order to render it divisible by #i1 is the one required4 ,thus ,suppose the given number to be #geba3 ,add these together1 and #ae will be produced2 now #ae requires #c to render it divisible by #i2 and that number #c1 being added to #geba1 causes the same divisibility2 #geba plus #c gives #gebd1 and divided by #i1 gives #hcf4 ,this exercise may be diversified by your specifying1 before the sum is named1 the particular place where the figure shall be inserted1 to make the number divisible by #i2 for it is exactly the same thing whether the figure be put at the head of the number1 or between any two of its digits4 ,,the ,,magic ,,hundred4 ,two persons agree to take1 alternately1 numbers less than a given number1 for example1 #aa and to add them together till one of them has reached a certain sum1 such as #ajj4 ,by what means can one of them infallibly attain to that number before the other8 ,the whole secret in this consists in immediately making choice of the numbers1 #a1 #ab1 #bc1 #cd1 and so on1 or of a series which continually increases by #aa1 up to #ajj4 ,let us suppose1 that the first person1 who knows the game1 makes choice of #a2 it is evident that his adversary1 as he must count less than #aa1 can1 at most1 reach #aa by adding #aj to it4 ,the first will then take #a1 which will make #ab2 and whatever number the second may add1 the first will certainly win1 provided he continually add the number which forms the complement of that of his adversary1 to #aa2 that is to say1 if the latter take #h1 he must take #c2 if #i1 he must take #b2 and so on4 ,by following this method1 he will infallibly attain to #hi2 and it will then be impossible for the second to prevent him from getting first to #ajj2 for whatever number the second takes1 he can attain only to #ii2 after which the first may say--and #a makes #ajj4 ,if the second take #a after #hi1 it would make #ij1 and his adversary would finish by saying--and #aj makes #ajj4 ,between two persons who are equally acquainted with the game1 he who begins must necessarily win4 ,,to ,,guess ,,the ,,missing ,,figure ,to tell the figure a person has struck out of the sum of two given numbers3 ,arbitrarily command those numbers only1 that are divisible by #i2 such1 for instance1 as #cf1 #fc1 #ha1 #aag1 #abf1 #afb1 #bfa1 #cfj1 #cae1 and #dcb4 ,then let a person choose any two of these numbers2 and1 after adding them together in his mind1 strike out from the sum any one of the figures he pleases4 ,after he has so done1 desire him to tell you the sum of the remaining figures2 and it follows1 that the number which you are obliged to add to this amount1 in order to make it #i or #ah1 is the one he struck out4 ,thus3--,suppose he chooses the numbers #afb and #bfa1 making altogether #dbc1 and that he strike out the center figure2 the two other figures will1 added together1 make #g1 which1 to make nine1 requires #b1 the number struck out4 ,,the ,,king ,,and ,,the ,,counsellor ,a ,king being desirous to confer a liberal reward on one of his courtiers1 who had performed some very important service1 desired him to ask whatever he thought proper1 assuring him it should be granted4 ,the courtier1 who was well acquainted with the science of numbers1 only requested that the monarch would give him a quantity of wheat equal to that which would arise from one grain doubled sixty-three times successively4 ,the value of the reward was immense2 for it will be seen1 by calculation1 that the sixty-fourth of the double progression divided by #a3 #b3 #d3 #h3 #af3 #cb3 etc41 is #ibbccgbjcfhedggehjh4 ,but the sum of all the terms of a double progression1 beginning with #a1 may be obtained by doubling the last term1 and subtracting from it #a4 ,the number of the grains of wheat1 therefore1 in the present case1 will be #ahddfgddjgcgjieeafae4 ,now1 if a pint contains #ibaf grains of wheat1 a gallon will contain #gcgbh2 and1 as eight gallons make one bushel1 if we divide the above result by eight times #gcgbh1 we shall have #cabgdiigdaabie for the number of the bushels of wheat equal to the above number of grains2 a quantity greater than what the whole earth could produce in several years4 ,,the ,,nails ,,in ,,the ,,horse',s ,,shoe ,a man took a fancy to a horse1 which a dealer wished to dispose of at as high a price as he could2 the latter1 to induce the man to become a purchaser1 offered to let him have the horse for the value of the twenty-fourth nail in his shoes1 reckoning one farthing for the first nail1 two for the second1 four for the third1 and so on to the twenty-fourth4 ,the man1 thinking he should have a good bargain1 accepted the offer2 the price of the horse was1 therefore1 necessarily great4 ,by calculating as before1 the twenty-fourth term of the progression #a3b3d3h3 etc41 will be found to be #hchhfjh1 equal to the number of farthings the purchaser gave for the horse2 the price1 therefore amounted to #hgch pounds #bs4 #h;d4 ,,the ,,dinner ,,party ,,puzzle ,a club of seven agreed to dine together every day successively as long as they could sit down to table in different order4 ,how many dinners would be necessary for that purpose8 ,it may be easily found1 by the rules already given1 that the club must dine together #ejdj times1 before they would exhaust all the arrangements possible1 which would require about thirteen years4 ,,basket ,,and ,,stones ,if a hundred stones be placed in a straight line1 at the distance of a yard from each other1 the first being at the same distance from a basket1 how many yards must the person walk who engages to pick them up1 one by one1 and put them into the basket8 ,it is evident that1 to pick up the first stone1 and put it into the basket1 the person must walk two yards2 for the second1 he must walk four2 for the third1 six2 and so on1 increasing by two1 to the hundredth4 ,the number of yards which the person must walk1 will be equal to the sum of the progression1 #b1 #d1 #f1 etc41 the last term of which is #bjj1 7#bb74 ,but the sum of the progression is equal to #bjb1 the sum of the two extremes1 multiplied by #ej1 or half the number of terms2 that is to say1 #aj1jjj yards1 which makes more than #e #a_/b miles4 ,,chapter ,,xxi ,,one ,,hundred ,,conundrums ,,witty ,,questions-,,facetious ,,puzzles--,,ready ,,answers--,,entertaining ,,play ,,upon ,,words ,,one ,,hundred ,,conundrums ,he loved her4 ,she hated him1 but womanlike1 she would have him1 and she was the death of him4 ,who was he8 ,answer3 ,a flea4 ,why is life the greatest of riddles8 ,because we must all give it up4 ,if a church be on fire1 why has the organ the smallest chance of escape8 ,because the organ cannot play on it4 ,why should a sailor be the best authority as to what goes on in the moon8 ,because he has been to see 7sea74 ,what does a cat have that no other animal has8 ,kittens4 ,when is a man behind the times8 ,when he's a weak 7week7 back4 ,what is the difference between a baby and a pair of boots8 ,one ,i was and the other ,i wear4 ,use me well1 and ,i'm everybody2 scratch my back and ,i'm nobody4 ,a looking glass4 ,what word becomes shorter by adding a syllable to it8 ,short4 ,if a stupid fellow was going up for a competitive examination1 why should he study the letter ,p8 ,because ,p makes ass ,pass4 ,why is buttermilk like something that never happened8 ,because it hasn't a curd 7occurred74 ,why is the letter ,o the noisiest of all the vowels8 ,because the rest are in audible4 ,why is a ,member of ,parliament like a shrimp8 ,because he has ,m4 ,p4 at the end of his name4 ,why is a pig a paradox8 ,because it is killed first and cured afterward4 ,why is a bad half-dollar like something said in a whisper8 ,because it is uttered1 but not allowed 7aloud74 ,why do black sheep eat less than white ones8 ,because there are fewer of them4 ,why is a barn-door fowl sitting on a gate like a half-penny8 ,because its head is on one side and its tail on the other4 ,why is a man searching for the ,philosopher's ,stone like ,neptune8 ,because he is a-seeking 7sea-king7 what never was4 ,why is the nose placed in the middle of the face8 ,because it's the scenter 7cen-ter74 ,what is most like a hen stealing8 ,a cock robbing 7cock robin74 ,what is worse than raining cats and dogs8 ,hailing omnibuses4 ,when is butter like ,irish children8 ,when it is made into little pats4 ,why is a chronometer like thingumbob8 ,because it's a watch-you-may-call-it4 ,of what color is grass when covered with snow8 ,invisible green4 ,name in two letters the destiny of all earthly things8 ,d4 ,k4 ,what is even better than presence of mind in a railway accident8 ,absence of body4 ,what word contains all the vowels in due order8 ,facetiously4 ,why is a caterpillar like a hot roll8 ,because its the grub that makes the butterfly4 ,what is that which occurs twice in a moment1 once in a minute1 and not once in a thousand years8 ,the letter ,m4 ,what is that which will give a cold1 cure a cold1 and pay the doctor's bill8 ,a draught 7draft74 ,what is that which is neither flesh nor bone1 yet has four fingers and a thumb8 ,a glove4 ,why has man more hair than woman8 ,because he is naturally her suitor 7hirsuter74 ,what is that which no one wishes to have1 yet no one cares to lose8 ,a bald head4 ,why is the letter ,g like the sun8 ,because it is the center of light4 ,why is the letter ,d like a wedding-ring8 ,because we cannot be wed without it4 ,why should ladies not learn ,french8 ,because one tongue is enough for any woman4 ,which tree is most suggestive of kissing8 ,yew4 ,what act of folly does a washerwoman commit8 ,putting out tubs to catch soft water when it rains hard4 ,why should a cabman be brave8 ,because none but the brave deserve the fair 7fare74 ,what is the most difficult surgical operation8 ,to take the jaw out of a woman4 ,why is it difficult to flirt on board the ,p4 and ,o4 steamers8 ,because all of the mails 7males7 are tied up in bags4 ,what letter made ,queen ,bess mind her ,p's and ,q's8 ,r made her 7,armada74 ,why is it an insult to a cock-sparrow to mistake him for a pheasant8 ,because it is making game of him4 ,what is that from which the whole may be taken1 and yet some will remain8 ,the word wholesome4 ,why is blind-man's buff like sympathy8 ,because it is a fellow feeling for another4 ,when may a man be said to have four hands8 ,when he doubles his fists4 ,why is it easy to break into an old man's house8 ,because his gait 7gate7 is broken and his locks are few4 ,why should you not go to ,new ,york by the #ab3ej train8 ,because it is ten-to-one if you catch it4 ,why should the male sex avoid the letter ,a8 ,because it makes the men mean4 ,when does a man sneeze three times8 ,when he cannot help it4 ,what relation is the doormat to the scraper8 ,a step farther4 ,why does a piebald pony never pay toll8 ,because his master pays it for him4 ,why is the letter ,s like a sewing-machine8 ,because it makes needles needless4 ,what is the difference between a cow and a rickety chair8 ,one gives milk and the other gives way 7whey74 ,what flower most resembles a bull's mouth8 ,a cowslip4 ,what does a stone become in the water8 ,wet4 ,if the alphabet were invited out to dine1 what time would ,u1 ,v1 ,w1 ,x1 ,y1 and ,z go--,they would go after tea4 ,when was beef-tea first introduced into ,england8 ,when ,henry ,,viii dissolved the ,pope's bull4 ,what letter is the pleasantest to a deaf woman8 ,a1 because it makes her hear4 ,when is love a deformity8 ,when it is all on one side4 ,why is a mouse like hay8 ,because the cat'll 7cattle7 eat it4 ,why is a madman equal to two men8 ,because he is one beside himself4 ,why are good resolutions like ladies fainting in church8 ,because the sooner they are carried out the better4 ,which is the merriest letter in the alphabet8 ,u1 because it is always in fun4 ,what is the difference between a bankrupt and a feather bed8 ,one is hard up and the other is soft down4 ,what is that word of five letters from which1 if you take two1 only one remains8 ,stone4 ,why is the letter ,b like a fire8 ,because it makes oil boil4 ,what word is pronounced quicker by adding a syllable to it8 ,quick4 ,which animal travels with the most1 and which with the least1 luggage8 ,the elephant the most because he is never without his trunk4 ,the fox and cock the least because they have only one brush and comb between them4 ,why are bakers the most self-denying people8 ,because they sell what they need 7knead7 themselves4 ,which of the constellations reminds you of an empty fireplace8 ,the ,great ,bear 7grate bear74 ,what relation is that child to its own father who is not its own father's son8 ,his daughter4 ,when does a pig become landed property8 ,when he is turned into a meadow4 ,which is the heavier1 the full or the new moon8 ,the full moon is a great deal lighter4 ,why is an alligator the most deceitful of animals8 ,because he takes you in with an open countenance4 ,why are fowls the most profitable of live stock8 ,because for every grain they give a peck4 ,what is that which comes with a coach1 goes with a coach1 is of no use whatever to the coach1 and yet the coach can't go without it8 ,noise4 ,if your uncle's sister is not your aunt1 what relation is she to you8 ,your mother4 ,why does a duck put his head under water8 ,for divers reasons4 ,why does it take it out again8 ,for sundry reasons4 ,what vegetable products are the most important in history8 ,dates4 ,why is the letter ,w like a maid of honor8 ,because it is always in waiting4 ,what letter is always invisible1 yet never out of sight8 ,the letter ,s4 ,why is the letter ,f like a cow's tail8 ,because it is the end of beef4 ,on which side of a pitcher is the handle8 ,the outside4 ,what is higher and handsomer when the head is off8 ,your pillow4 ,why is a pig in a parlor like a house on fire8 ,because the sooner it is put out the better4 ,what is the keynote to good breeding8 ,b natural4 ,what is it that walks with its head downwards8 ,a nail in a shoe4 ,why is a lame dog like a schoolboy adding six and seven together8 ,because he puts down three and carries one4 ,why is the ,brooklyn ,bridge like merit8 ,because it is very often passed over4 ,what did ,adam first plant in the ,garden of ,eden8 ,his foot4 ,what is ,majesty1 deprived of its externals8 ,a jest4 ,how would you make a thin man fat8 ,throw him out of a second story window and let him come down plump4 ,what is the difference between a young maid of sixteen and an old maid of eighty8 ,one is happy and careless and the other is cappy and hairless4 ,when was fruit known to use bad language8 ,when the first apple cursed the first pair4 ,if a man gets up on a donkey1 where should he get down8 ,from a swan's breast4 ,what is lengthened by being cut at both ends8 ,a ditch4 ,i am what ,i am2 ,i am not what ,i follow4 ,if ,i were what ,i follow1 ,i should not be what ,i am4 ,what is it8 ,a footman4 ,which is the strongest day of the week8 ,sunday4 ,all the others are weak days4 ,,the ,,end4