#bi;c ,h[ to ,make ,drap]ies ,in/ructions = ,fabrics ,color ,design ,measurem5ts ,con/ruction ,publi%$ by ,,! ,,s+] ,,company ,book ,no4 #ajb ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,illu/ration3 ,,s+] ,sew+ ,libr>y ,h[ to ,make ,drap]ies ,,cont5ts page ,fabrics #c ,color & ,design #g ,selection ( ,ne$les & ,?read #h ,w9d[ ,measurem5ts #aa ,con/ruction ,details #ae ,measur+ = ,pleats #bf ,copyright #aifj by ,! ,s+] ,company ,copyright "u ,int]national ,copyright ,union ,all ,rights ,res]v$ "u ,int]-,am]ica ,copyright ,union ,no "p ( ?is book may be reproduc$ 9 any mann] :atsoev] )\t writt5 p]mission4 ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,fabrics ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,drap]y fabrics are available to u today 9 an ov]:elm+ v>iety = e decor--n only 9 ! traditional fabrics1 b also 9 ! _m new syn!tics & bl5ds4 ,:e!r ! room is traditional1 mod]n1 =mal or in=mal1 y ne$ only visit ! drap]y fabric dep>tm5t to realize :at a wide *oice ( fabrics are available 9 ei!r gr\p4 ,w9d[s are s mu* a "p ( ! backgr\nd t ! fabric *os51 its texture1 color & l9e1 & ! design ( ! curta9s1 drap]ies & slip cov]s mu/ be 9 keep+ ) ! atmosph]e ( ! room & contribute to ! ov]-all effect4 ,= ! v =mal treatm5t1 y'll want to *oose some?+ 9 ! ,damask designs1 taffetas1 moires1 brocades1 sat9s1 brocatelles or ! _m bl5ds ( ! pure & man-made fib]s1 "s ) metallic ?reads wov5 94 ,fr+es & tassels are us$ z trims1 & ! w9d[ treatm5t w\ld include drap$ valances1 swags1 cascades1 elaborate cornices1 tie-backs1 etc4 ,= ! less =mal or in=mal room1 ! *oice ( fabric is ev5 wid]--l95s 9 m$ium & %e] weights1 pr9ts & lacey patt]ns1 m>quisette1 scrim1 voile1 n9on1 d5im1 sailclo?1 *9tz1 poli%$ cotton1 antique sat91 org&y1 bati/e & _m bl5ds ( syn!tics1 su* z ,=tisan & rayon or silk4 ,! curta9 treatm5t %\ld be simple4 ,if valances are us$1 !y %\ld be pla9 ) /raight l9es4 ,_m ( ! new syn!tic fib]s are a real advantage to ! home-mak] because ( _! easy wa%+ & quick dry+ prop]ties4 ,"s require v little press+1 if any4 ,9 e/imat+ ! y>dage requir$1 consid] ! l5g? ( ! drap]y1 be=e f9i%+ hems & head+1 & ! wid? ( ! w9d[ or space to be cov]$4 ,an all[ance ( #b or #c times ! wid? %\ld be made = fullness4 ,:5 us+ %e] fabrics1 drap]ies %\ld be full en\gh to hang 9 easy1 graceful folds4 ,ov]-curta9s or drap]ies ( m$ium weight fabrics require a fullness ( #b to #b times ! wid?4 ,also1 if y select a fabric ) a l>ge "o-way design1 "s all[ance %\ld be made = mat*+ ! design s all l5g?s w balance4 ,= example3 ,! w9d[ is #fd wide :i* requires #d wid?s ( #dh wide fabric = a #c to #a fullness4 ,! drap]y l5g?s are #b y>ds long4 ,if a pla9 fabric or ov]all design is us$1 ! fabric requir$ w\ld be #i y>ds1 b if ! fabric has a #bd repeat patt]n1 y mu/ all[ #a y>ds m1 or a total ( #aj y>ds = mat*+ ! design4 ,consid] ! wid? ( ! fabric :5 figur+ ! numb] ( wid?s = fullness4 ,"s fabrics are only #cf wide--*9tz & "s poli%$ cottons1 = example4 ,o!rs may run #dj--dh--;ev5 #ed or #fj 9 wid?2 b ! av]age is ab\t #dh wide4 ,illu/ration3 ,gra9 l9es ( fabric4 ,crosswise ,gra9--,weft or ,fill+ ,l5g?wise ,gra9--,w>p ,true ,bias ,drap]ies mu/ be cut on ! true l5g?wise & crosswise gra9 ( ! fabric s t :5 hung1 !y fall /raight f ! rod 9 ev51 graceful folds4 ,9 weav+1 y>ns are ?read$ l5g?wise on a loom :i* =m ! w>p ( ! fabric4 ,ano!r y>n is int]lac$ back & =? crosswise & is call$ ! weft or fill+ ?read4 ,?is is kn[n z ! pla9 weave4 ,l951 voile1 *9tz1 etc41 are a few ( ! pla9 wov5 fabrics4 ,!re are v>iations ( ! pla9 weave1 su* z ! pile weave1 ) velvete5 & corduroy z examples4 ,! basket weave is ano!r1 ) ,monk's clo? z an example4 ,! diagonal l9e halfway betwe5 ! l5g?wise & crosswise ?reads is ! bias ( ! fabric4 ,! twill weave is p]haps "o ( ! mo/ durable4 ,! fill+ y>n =ms a diagonal l9e1 pass+ ov] "o w>p y>n & "u two or m4 ,d5im1 drill clo? & tick+ are examples ( ?is weave4 ,! sat9 weave is an irregul> weave :]e "o y>n passes ov] sev]al y>ns ( ! o!r set be=e int]weav+1 =m+ a float+1 lu/r\s surface4 ,weaves are us$ 9 comb9ations to obta9 ! v>i\s patt]ns 9 ,damasks1 brocades1 ,jacqu>ds1 etc4 ,illu/ration3 ,cutt+ on true crosswise gra94 ,! y>ns made f ! diff]5t fib]s--! natural1 man-made & bl5d$ fib]s--are ( v>i\s sizes1 weights1 smoo?ness & fuzz9ess4 ,! type ( y>ns us$ 9 ! diff]5t weaves influ5ces ! texture ( ! fabric z well z its weight1 lu/re & durability4 ,:5 cutt+ drap]y l5g?s1 be sure to />t ) a true crosswise gra94 ,mo/ firmly wov5 pla9 weave fabrics c be torn4 ,snip ! selvage be=e y te> ! fabric4 ,l95s1 loosely wov5 & nubby fabrics1 novelty weaves & _m o!rs w n te> satisfactorily4 ,to /raight5 ^!1 x is necess>y to pull a ?read crosswise & cut on pull$ l9e4 ,aft] cutt+ l5g?s1 *eck to see if ! ends ( ! fabric are squ>e4 ,if n1 squ>e ! crosswise edge by pull+ ! l[ corn] on a true bias f opposite side ( ! fabric4 ,sometimes damp5+ ! fabric w relax ! ?reads & make /raight5+ easi]4 ,,e/imate ,,( ,,y>dage ,,drap]ies ,full ,l5g? ,w9d[--#dh ,mat]ial #f ,,y>ds ,full ,l5g? ,w9d[ ) ,valance #f ,,l9+--,full ,l5g? ,w9d[ #e ,^! figures are ! approximate requirem5ts4 ,always1 :]e possible1 take c>eful measurem5ts = m accurate e/imate4 ,x is mu* bett] to h extra mat]ial ?an n en\gh4 ,:5 us+ mat]ials ) a l>ge floral patt]n or plaid1 all[ "o full l5g? ( ! motif = ea* additional l5g? requir$ = drap]ies4 ,color & ,design ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,color has a language all its own--,x expresses1 x soo!s1 x /imulates1 x creates2 x c give y a lift4 ,& color z a home decorator c be made to "w l magic4 ,) color1 ! dulle/ rooms c be made to sp>kle ) w>m? & good *e]4 ,any color s*eme is good z long z x is balanc$ & x pleases y4 ,a numb] ( colors1 t9ts & %ades may be us$ 9 "o room1 b "o color %\ld be dom9ant & x %\ld be us$ 9 diff]5t areas ( ! room4 ,! second color %\ld be subord9ate1 n ( ! same value4 ,!n a ?ird color may be us$ = acc5t or contra/4 ,! neutral colors3 gray1 :ite & black1 are good backgr\nd or acc5t colors4 ,d n ov]look ! possibilities ( accessories1 su* z pill[s1 vases1 *9a1 lamps & books to supply an acc5t color to complete y\r color s*eme4 ,y\r color s*eme may be tak5 f a favorite picture1 a family heirloom or may express ! int]e/s & p]sonalities ( ! family4 ,consid] also ! location ( ! room--,ea/1 ,we/1 ,nor? or ,s\?--& h[ ! light ent]s ! room4 ,!re are ?ree prim>y colors--r$1 yell[ & blue4 ,^! colors are mix$ to obta9 second>y colors4 ,= example1 r$ & yell[ produce ! color orange2 r$ & blue1 ! color violet & blue & yell[1 ! color gre54 ,by bl5d+ ^! six colors we complete ! color :eel :i* is made up ( r$1 r$ orange1 orange1 yell[1 yell[ gre51 gre51 blue gre51 blue1 blue violet & violet4 ,we ref] to c]ta9 colors z w>m1 o!rs z cool & /ill o!rs z nei!r w>m nor cool4 ,! w>m colors are r$1 yell[ & orange4 ,! cool colors are ! blues4 ,gre5 is nei!r w>m nor cool b if mix$ ) yell[1 x becomes w>m2 :5 mix$ ) blue1 x becomes a cool color4 ,color & l9e app>5tly *ange ! size ( ! room4 ,cool1 light colors & v]tical l9es make walls appe> high] & ! room l>g]1 :ile w>m colors & horizontal l9es seem to l[] ! ceil+ & draw ! walls ne>]4 ,= ,nor? & ,ea/ rooms1 use w>m colors4 ,if little light ent]s 91 use light %ades ( ! w>m colors4 ,use ! cool colors 9 rooms ) ,s\? or ,we/ exposures4 ,:5 pur*as+ y\r fabrics = curta9s1 drap]ies & slip cov]s1 keep 9 m9d ! ov]all effect4 ,consid] ! room exposure1 light1 size ( room1 furniture arrangem5t & :at color & design w d to create a room y w always enjoy4 ,s9ce w9d[s are a v important "p ( ! room z a unit1 ! fabric *os5 = curta9s or drap]ies %\ld also be us$ to slip cov] a s(a or *air1 a dress+ table cov]1 or a du/ ruffle = ! b$4 ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,selection ( ,ne$les & ,?read ,sew+ ?read %\ld bl5d z ne>ly z possible ) ! fabric 9 color1 fib] & size4 ,silk & wool fabrics are /it*$ ) silk ?read4 ,cottons1 l95s & "s bl5d$ fabrics are /it*$ ) cotton ?read or m]c]iz$ ?read4 ,! syn!tic fabrics & bl5ds ( ! pure & man-made fib]s may be /it*$ ) silk1 m]c]iz$ cotton1 nylon or ,dacron 7,du,pont7 ?read4 ,! ne$le is select$ ) consid]ation to bo? ! ?read & ! fabric4 ,) fabrics us$ = glass curta9s & = %e] curta9s1 su* z org&y1 voile1 8,dacron10 dott$ ,swiss1 m>quisettes1 bati/e & %e] l951 use a f9e cotton ?read1 size #hj or #ij1 or a m]c]iz$ ?read4 ,use a size #ad ne$le = m]c]iz$ ?read & a size #aa = f9] ?reads1 includ+ 8,dacron0 = 8,dacron0 fabrics1 org&y1 8,dacron10 m>quisette1 dott$ ,swiss1 lawn1 bati/e & rayon l5d !mselves beautifully to ! use ( sew+ ma*9e atta*m5ts = ruffl+1 tuck+1 hemm+1 etc4 ,fib]glas /it*es well & is be/ suit$ to /raight panel type curta9s ) pleat$ head+s4 ,use a m]c]iz$ ?read & size #ad ma*9e ne$le = ,=tisan1 syn!tics & ! _m bl5ds4 ,! av]age ma*9e /it* l5g? = ^! fabrics %\ld be ab\t #ab /it*es to ! in* & ! t5sions easy en\gh to prev5t puck]+ ! fabrics1 p>ticul>ly %e] fabrics1 su* z bati/e1 nylons1 n9ons & s(t rayon bl5ds4 ,= ,damask1 brocades1 taffetas1 sat9s1 etc41 use silk or m]c]iz$ ?read1 size #ad or #aa ne$les ( #ab to #ad /it*es p] in*4 ,heavy weight fabrics1 namely1 l95s1 cotton ,damasks1 sailclo?1 tick+1 d5ims1 etc41 require a heavy-duty ?read1 a size #af ne$le & a #ab /it* l5g?4 ,= light or m$ium weight fabrics comp>able to poli%$ cottons1 ,*9tz1 l95s1 ,glo%e51 p]cale1 antique sat9 & faille1 use a m]c]iz$ ?read1 a size #ad ne$le & a #ab or #ad /it* l5g?4 ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,,return ,,return ,,fixture ,,wid? ,,floor ,,l5g? ,,frame ,,jam ,,sa% ,,sill ,,sill ,,l5g? ,,apron ,,apron ,,l5g? ,,basebo>d ,,cle> ,,rug ,w9d[ ,measurem5ts ,be=e tak+ measurem5ts1 !re are sev]al po9ts t %\ld be tak5 into consid]ation3 ,is ! w9d[ 9 proportion to ! room8 ,w x contribute prop]ly to ! effect y wi% to a*ieve8 ,d y h ! "r rods = hang+ ! type ( drap]y select$8 ,:5 y are satisfi$ ) ! w9d[1 !n x is "t to consid] ! type ( mat]ials = drap]ies & decide on ! type ( rod requir$4 ,x is a good idea to make a sket* ( ! room1 not+ ! placem5t ( w9d[s & arrangem5t ( furniture4 ,also take ! wid? & height measurem5t ( ea* w9d[4 ,!n visit ! curta9 & drap]y dep>tm5t to get an idea ( ! type ( fixtures available4 ,at ! same "t1 obta9 small samples ( ! fabrics suit$ to ! type ( drap]y y h 9 m9d4 ,exam9e !m 9 ! room :]e !y are to be us$4 ,are !y ! "r texture8 ,are ! colors lively en\gh8 ,w !y create ! desir$ effect8 ,pur*ase & m\nt ! rods = ! drap]ies4 ,fixtures %\ld be m\nt$ s t drap]ies1 :5 hung1 w cov] ! w9d[ frame4 ,n[ y are ready to take measurem5ts4 ,!re are ?ree correct l5g?s = drap]ies--to ! sill--to ! l[] edge ( ! apron--or to ! floor4 ,full l5g? drap]ies %\ld j cle> ! floor or be long en\gh to cru% on ! floor4 ,= l5g?--,measure f ! top ( ! rod d[n--to ! sill--to ! l[] edge ( apron--or to ! floor4 ,= wid?--,measure f edge to edge ( w9d[ frame or f out] edges ( fixture brackets4 ,to ?is measurem5t add ! 8return0 at ei!r end2 t is1 ! l5g? f curve ( rod to ! wall4 ,e/imat+ ,y>dage = ,ov]-,curta9s or ,drap]ies ,! type ( head+1 ! wid? ( l[] hem & ! type ( drap]y2 t is1 l9$1 unl9$ or int]l9$1 mu/ be consid]$ :5 e/imat+ ! y>dage requir$4 ,! fullness ( drap]ies av]ages ab\t twice ! wid? ( ! space to be cov]$4 ,a /iff5+2 su* z a /rip ( cr9ol9e or buckram is us$ at ! top to support ! pleats4 ,= ,l9$ ,drap]ies--,to l5g? measurem5t1 add #a = head+1 #d = hem & #c = bottom hem4 ,example--,if l5g? f top ( rod is #ij1 add #a plus #d plus #c4 ,?is equals #ih = "o l5g?1 or #e y>ds = ! two l5g?s4 ,= ,unl9$ ,drap]ies--,to l5g? measurem5t1 add #a = head+1 #d = top hem & seam1 & #c = l[] hem4 ,a #d wide /rip ( cr9ol9e is us$ at ! top ( bo? l9$ & unl9$ drapes4 ,if a d\ble hem is us$ at ! bottom1 !n add #f in/ead ( #c = hem 9 ei!r l9$ or unl9$ drapes4 ,= ,int]l9$ ,drap]ies--,to l5g? measurem5t1 add #a = head+1 #c = top hem & #c = bottom hem4 ,:5 us+ ready-made head+s = pleats1 add to ! l5g? measurem5t #a = head+ & seam1 & #c = bottom hem4 ,illu/ration3 ,fr5* ,doors or ,w9d[ ,! rod %\ld be plac$ s t ! drap]y1 :5 hung1 cov]s ! glass portion ( ! w9d[4 ,take measurem5t f top ( upp] rod to l[] "p ( l[] rod4 ,to ?is measurem5t1 add #b at ! top & #b at ! bottom4 ,?is all[s = a #a hem1 top & bottom1 plus seam all[ance4 ,! #a hem is = a cas+ & head+4 ,,fixture ,,= ,,wid? ,,measure ,,f ,,top ,,& ,,bottom ,,( ,,fixture ,,fixture ,recess$ ,w9d[s ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,:5 drap]ies are hung flu% ) ! wall1 measurem5ts are tak5 inside ! recess4 ,a spr+ socket type ( fixture is available = ?is type ( w9d[4 ,always measure f ! top ( ! rod1 except = ,cafe curta9s4 ,usually a r+1 8sew-on0 or 8clip-on0 type is us$4 ,9 ?is case1 measure f l[] "p ( circle to l[] "p ( next section1 or to ! sill4 ,add dep? ( top f9i% plus hem to ?is measurem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,oval spr+ socket4 ,r\nd spr+ socket4 ,slid+ ,w9d[s or ,doors ,illu/ration3 ,hook ov] or dual :eel design4 ,cord t5sion pulley4 ,in/all on wall1 basebo>d or floor4 ,^! w9d[s are usually treat$ z "o4 ,drap]ies1 9 two sections1 are hung on a pole or trav]se rod & are drawn to ! c5t]1 "o section ov]lapp+ ! o!r ab\t #b4 ,take l5g? measurem5t f top ( rod to ! floor4 ,to ?is measurem5t1 add #e = head+ & top hem & #c = bottom hem4 ,if d\ble hems are us$1 add #i at ! top plus #f = bottom hem4 ,to ! wid?1 add #c at ei!r end = return ( curta9 f fixture to wall4 ,illu/ration3 ,two-way trav]se rod4 ,project$ ,w9d[ ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,to p]mit ease :5 op5+ or clos+ ! w9d[1 ! fixture %\ld ext5d a little beyond ! w9d[ on ei!r side4 ,use a simple fixture1 an oval or r\nd rod1 & a draw type ( drap]y4 ,if drap]y is to be %irr$ on ! rod1 take measurem5t f top ( rod to l[] edge ( w9d[4 ,to l5g? measurem5t1 add #b = a #a hem :i* =ms ! cas+ & head+1 & #b to #b bottom hem4 ,if sew-on or clip-on r+s are us$1 measure f l[] circle ( r+ to edge ( w9d[4 ,to ?is measurem5t1 add dep? ( top & bottom hem4 ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,awn+ ,w9d[ ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,! type ( drap]y det]m9es po9ts ( measurem5t4 ,) ti] type drap]ies1 "o = ea* section ( ! w9d[1 ! measurem5ts are tak5 f top to bottom ( ea* section4 ,drap]ies hung f ! top ext5d+ to l[] edge ( w9d[ or floor are measur$ f top ( fixture = l5g? desir$4 ,ti] type or cafe sections %\ld be long en\gh to ov]lap ! head+ ( ! section bel[4 ,foll[ same proc$ure = measur+ z = project$ w9d[4 ,^! drap]ies %\ld be full--#a times ! wid? = m$ium weight fabrics1 su* z ,*9tz1 ,glo%e51 etc41 to ?ree times ! wid? :5 us+ %e] fabrics4 ,me?ods ( in/all+ ,curta9 & drap]y rods1 brackets & valance bo>ds %\ld be m\nt$ securely to ! wall to support heavy drap]ies4 ,?is c be a problem unless y use ! "r screws or bolts4 ,!re is a correct screw & bolt available = e type ( wall--brick1 concrete or pla/] walls4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pla/] ,,screw--,= pla/] or dry walls4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pla/ic ,,plug--,use 9 brick wall = plug1 !n ins]t screw4 ,illu/ration3 ,,molly ,,bolt--,use 9 pla/]1 brick or concrete wall4 ,illu/ration3 ,,toggle ,,bolt--,use 9 frame or pla/] walls :]e !re is a sep>ation betwe5 out] & inn] walls4 ,con/ruction ,details ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,drap]ies or ov] curta9s are made ( m$ium weight or heavy fabrics4 ,!y may be unl9$1 l9$ or l9$ & int]l9$1 dep5d+ on ! fabric & its treatm5t--:e!r =mal or in=mal4 ,!re are ?ree accept$ l5g?s = drap]ies--to ! w9d[ sill--to ! bottom ( ! w9d[ apron--or to ! floor4 ,floor l5g? is mo/ g5]ally us$1 & = v =mal treatm5ts1 ! drap]y is (t5 made long en\gh to cru% on ! floor4 ,drap]ies hang /raight f ! rod to ! floor4 ,if !y meet at ! top c5t]1 !y may be drap$ to ei!r side & held ) ornam5tal tie-backs or ^? made ( ! same mat]ial4 ,:5 ! type & design ( drap]ies h be5 decid$ ^u & ! "r type ( rods h be5 m\nt$1 !n measurem5ts = drap]ies c be tak54 ,measure f ! top ( ! rod d[n = l5g? desir$4 ,!n add to l5g? measurem5t ! all[ance = top & bottom hems4 ,review *apt] on 8,fabrics0 be=e cutt+ l5g?s = drap]ies4 ,unl9$ ,drap]ies ,^! drap]ies are in=mal 9 treatm5t & are usually made ( light or m$ium weight fabrics4 ,mo/ any type ( top f9i%1 %irr+ or pleats is suitable4 ,a pla9 valance or cornice bo>d may be us$4 ,= a pleat$ head+1 all[ #e at ! top = head+ & #e at ! bottom = a #b d\ble hem4 ,cut /rips ( cr9ol9e or lawn = /iff5+ #d wide & #c %ort] ?an ! wid? ( ea* drap]y l5g?4 ,p9 /rip to und]side ( head+ f ! top1 />t+ #a f ! edge4 ,/it* along l[] edge ( /rip1 !n turn top edge ( fabric ov] /iff5+ & /it*4 ,turn top hem to und]side along edge ( /iff5+4 ,press & p9 9 place4 ,side hems may be put 9 by h&1 ma*9e /it*$ or bl9d /it*$4 ,= h& /it*+ or /raight ma*9e /it*+1 turn edge to und]side2 !n turn #a = hem4 ,p9 hem 9 place = /it*+4 ,to bl9d-/it* hem1 us+ ! ,zigzag ,sew+ ,ma*9e or ! ,zigzag ,atta*m5t1 p9 hem 9 place2 !n run a r[ ( h& ba/+ f turn$ edge4 ,) wrong side ( drap]y up1 turn hem "u to "r side1 expos+ ! edge4 ,turn #b d\ble hem at ! bottom & f9i% by h& or ma*9e /it*4 ,illu/ration3 ,/it* /iff5+ to top ( drap]y4 ,,/iff5+ #a ,,bo? ,,sides ,,= ,,hems ,,und]side ,,( ,,mat]ial ,illu/ration3 ,f9i% side hem by h&1 us+ slip-/it*4 ,illu/ration3 ,side hem ba/$ = bl9d-/it* hemm+4 ,illu/ration3 ,bl9d-/it* hemm+1 us+ ! ,zigzag ,sew+ ,ma*9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,d\ble hems ) corn]s cut out to relieve bulk4 ,illu/ration3 ,f9i%+ d\ble side hems & bottom hem by h&4 ,if #a d\ble side hems are us$1 cut /iff5+ #d %ort] ?an ! wid? ( ea* drap]y l5g?4 ,:5 us+ a head+ ) wov5-9 pockets = pleat] p9s1 7available by ! y>d7 all[ #b at ! top = head+ & seam4 ,p9 "r side ( head+ to "r side ( drap]y _/ bel[ edge across ! top4 ,consid] ! return ( ! drap]y at ea* side1 & position wov5-9 pockets s t ! pleat comes at ! turn ( ! rod4 ,/it*1 tak+ seam2 !n turn head+ to und]side4 ,press & /it* f ! l[] edge ( ! head+4 ,illu/ration3 ,type ( hook us$ = =m+ pleats & hang+ drap]ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"r ,,side ,,( ,,mat]ial ,place pleat tape at top1 _/ f edge4 ,/it* f edge4 #a ,,bo? ,,sides ,,= ,,hem ,,wrong ,,side ,,( ,,pleat ,,tape ,illu/ration3 ,tape turn$ to und]side4 ,/it* tape to drap]y at l[] edge4 ,ma*9e /it* #a side hems4 ,,slott$ ,,side ,,( ,,pleat ,,tape ,l9$ ,drap]ies ,illu/ration3 ,l9+ 9 proportion to drap]y l5g?4 #b ,,top #d ,,hem #g ,,l9+ #c #b ,drap]ies are l9$ = ! protection ( ! fabric4 ,l9+s also give weight to ! drap]ies1 caus+ !m to hang 9 deep] folds4 ,a sun-fa/ :ite1 s(t gray or cream color$ sate5 is g5]ally us$ z ! l9+ fabric4 ,l9+s1 j z drap]y fabrics1 mu/ be cut /raight ) ! crosswise & l5g?wise gra9s4 ,always />t ) a /raight crosswise edge4 ,?is is obta9$ by draw+ a crosswise ?read & cutt+ on drawn ?read4 ,if fabric slopes up on "o edge1 !n x %\ld be /raight5$ be=e pieces are cut4 ,v (t51 :5 fabrics are roll$ on ! bo>ds at ! mills1 ! fabric is roll$ m tightly on "o end ?an at ! o!r1 draw+ ! crosswise ?reads 7weft7 9 a diagonal l9e4 ,?is is apt to be true 9 loosely wov5 fabrics & p>ticul>ly l9+ fabric4 ,to /raight5 fabric1 fir/ remove selvages1 pull fabric g5tly b effectively1 /ret*+ x diagonally f corn] to corn]2 !n alt]nate4 ,grasp ! fabric s t y w nei!r injure nor wr9kle x4 ,press be=e seam+4 ,l9+ %\ld be cut to all[ = a #b hem at ! bottom & a seam across ! top & sides4 ,illu/ration is = a drap]y #b y>ds long1 f9i%$ ) #d top hem1 #a side hems & #c bottom hem4 ,drap]y l5g? w\ld measure #ih & l9+ l5g?1 #hh4 ,! av]age hem wid?s1 #c & #d1 7 us$ 9 figur+ measurem5ts4 ,! wid? ( hems v>y4 ,!re is no fix$ rule4 ,!y may be #c--d--e or ev5 #g at ! top & #b--b--c or #d at ! bottom4 ,9 _m cases ! bottom hem is d\bl$1 p>ticul>ly 9 %e] or lightweight fabrics4 ,also ! c5t] side hem may be z mu* z #b wide & ! out] hem #a4 ,9 ?is case1 ! l9+ is cut #f n>r[] ?an ! drap]y4 ,be=e tak+ measurem5ts = drap]ies1 review section on ,w9d[ ,measurem5ts4 ,to jo9 l9+1 turn top edge ( l9+ to und]side & press4 ,p9 l9+ & drap]y toge!r1 />t+ #g f ! top4 ,/it* f top ( l9+ d[n to #d ( l[] edge ( l9+1 tak+ a seam4 ,back-/it* at ! beg9n+ & end ( seam4 ,press seam z /it*$2 !n clip seam e #c or #d4 ,press ! seam op54 ,p91 f hem to hem1 a #d wide /rip ( /iff5+ to und]side across ! top4 ,/it* & press4 ,illu/ration3 ,/raight5+ mat]ial--,pull diagonally f l[ corn]4 ,illu/ration3 ,jo9+ l9+ to drap]y4 ,,"r ,,side ,,( ,,mat]ial #g ,,l9+ ,illu/ration3 ,/iff5+ /it*$ to head+4 ,,/iff5+ #a ,,= ,,hem ,,bo? ,,sides ,,und]side ,,( ,,mat]ial ,turn drap]y "r side out & adju/ hems on ei!r side4 ,be sure seams are spread op54 ,press & p94 ,turn top hem to und]side4 ,p9 & press4 ,turn & mit] side hem4 ,cut out top hem ev5 ) /iff5+ & )9 #a ( ! top4 ,p9 l9+ to hem1 ov]lapp+ l[] edge 4 ,side hem & mit]$ corn] above ! l9+ %\ld be slip-/it*$ by h&2 !n slip-/it* l9+ to top hem4 ,press4 ,all[ drap]ies to hang = #b or #c days be=e putt+ 9 l[] hems4 ,!n adju/ l5g? ( drap]y s t x cle>s ! rug or floor4 ,turn edge "u 2 !n turn hem wid?4 ,if an all[ance is made = a d\ble hem1 fir/ turn to und]side "o-half ! wid? all[$1 !n turn aga9 ! same wid?1 enclos+ fir/ turn4 ,slip-/it* hem by h& or /it* by ma*9e4 ,! l9+ hem ov]laps ! drap]y hem approximately #a4 ,all[ance is made = a #b hem ) = seam4 ,! l9+ hem hangs free ( ! curta9 & is held 9 position ) fr5* tacks spac$ ab\t #ab ap>t4 ,to fr5* tack1 take #c or #d /it*es fir/ at top ( drap]y hem1 !n l9+ hem1 !n drap]y hem1 etc41 leav+ a or l5g? betwe54 ,blanket /it* ov] ! full l5g? ( ^! /r&s ( ?read4 ,fa/5 ?read at end ( tack4 ,drap]ies %\ld be an*or$ at top ( return & l[] side hems4 ,use a sew-on or p9-on weight at bottom ( c5t] hems4 7,see illu/ration at top ( page #bb47 ,illu/ration3 ,cut out end ( top hem to elim9ate bulk4 ,,l9+ ,,turn$ ,,back ,illu/ration3 ,l9+ slip-/it*$ to top hem4 ,,l9+ ,illu/ration3 ,mak+ a ,fr5* tack4 ,,l9+ ,illu/ration3 #8,sew-on' or #8p9-on' weights4 ,illu/ration3 ,l9$ drap]y ) pleat] tape head+4 ,illu/ration3 ,side hems tack$ to insure ev5ness4 ,:5 us+ a tape ) wov5-9 pockets = pleat] p9s1 all[ #b above ! rod = head+ & seam4 ,see in/ructions "u ! section ,unl9$ ,drap]ies = jo9+ tape to head+4 ,jo9 l9+2 !n clip & press seams4 ,turn drap]y to "r side & p9 l9+ to bottom ( tape1 ov]lapp+ 4 ,/it* & press2 !n f9i% side hems above l9+ by h&4 ,x is a good idea to tack ! side hems along /it*+ l9e4 ,?is prev5ts !m f slipp+ & hems always appe> %>p]4 ,us+ mat*+ ?read & work+ f ! und]side1 ins]t ne$le ?r\gh ! seam d[n ?r\gh to ! "r side1 pick+ up a ?read or two ( ! fabric4 ,!n br+ ne$le back up ?r\gh ! seam4 ,ins]t ne$le at ! same po9t & direct ne$le along ! seam betwe5 ! hem a di/ance ( #a4 ,br+ ne$le up ?r\gh seam2 !n direct ne$le d[n ?r\gh seam at same po9t1 pick+ up two or ?ree ?reads1 & !n up ?r\gh seam aga94 ,cont9ue ?is tack+ ! l5g? ( ! hem4 ,drap]y l9$ to top ,!re are times t drap]ies are l9$ to ! top in/ead ( us+ a hem1 p>ticul>ly :5 a valance or cornice bo>d is us$4 ,to ! l5g? measurem5t1 add #a at ! top = head+ & seam4 ,cut l9+ 9 proportion4 ,/it* l9+ & drap]y l5g?s toge!r1 br++ edges ev5 at ! top4 ,clip seam & press op54 ,cut /iff5+ ! l5g? ( drap]y wid?4 ,p9 & /it* /iff5+ across ! top1 tak+ seam4 ,turn drap]y "r side out1 enclos+ head+4 ,press top & side hems4 ,f9i% hems at ! bottom ! same z = l9$ drap]ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,jo9+ /iff5+ to l9+ & drap]y at top4 ,illu/ration3 ,drap]y turn$ to "r side4 ,int]l9$ ,drap]ies ,drap]ies are (t5 int]l9$1 p>ticul>ly 9 v =mal rooms1 or :5 ! "* ( ! mat]ial is su* t ! extra weight is necess>y = its protection4 ,int]l9+ also adds to ! drap+ quality & elegance ( ! fabric4 ,= an int]l9+ fabric1 use good quality cotton flannel4 ,cut int]l9+ ! exact measurem5ts ( drap]ies :5 f9i%$2 t is1 if drap]ies h #a hems on ea* side & #c hems1 top & bottom1 !n cut int]l9+ #c n>r[] & #f %ort] ?an drap]y fabric4 ,spread mat]ial "r side d[n4 ,illu/ration3 ,tack int]l9+ to drap]y at c5t] & betwe5 c5t] & side hems4 #c ,,tack ,,d[n ,,?r\gh ,,c5t] ,,int]l9+ ,,fold$ ,,l5g?wise ,,= ,,tack+ #a ,illu/ration3 ,turn & ba/e hems--side1 top1 & bottom4 ,,und]side ,,( ,,mat]ial ,,int]l9+ ,fold int]l9+ ?r\gh l5g?wise c5t]4 ,place fold on exact c5t] ( drap]y fabric & tack toge!r loosely4 ,take a /it* 9 ! drap]y2 br+ ne$le up ?r\gh fold ( int]l9+ & leave a loop4 ,space ab\t #f2 take a /it* 9 drap]y1 !n int]l9+1 !n drap]y1 etc4 ,d n pull ?read taut4 ,:5 r[ is f9i%$1 fold int]l9+ halfway betwe5 c5t] & edge on bo? sides & tack 9 ! same mann]1 mak+ ?ree r[s ( v]tical tack+4 ,illu/ration3 ,cat*-/it* hems to int]l9+4 ,turn side hems back ov] int]l9+4 ,p9 & ba/e4 ,!n turn top & bottom hems4 ,p9 & ba/e4 ,mit] hems at corn]s4 ,all hems may be cat*-/it*$ to ! int]l9+1 & ! l9+ slip-/it*$ to top & side hems4 ,l9+s may also be jo9$ by ma*9e4 ,turn hem & ba/e2 !n p9 l9+ to drap]y & /it*1 tak+ seam4 ,press seam z /it*$4 ,!n clip & press seam op5 ! same z = all l9$ curta9s & drap]ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,turn sides & top ( l9+ "u 4 ,p9 9 place1 slip-/it*4 ,:5 l9+ is jo9$ to drap]y by ma*9e1 tack int]l9+ & l9+ toge!r along seam4 ,take /it* 9 seam1 !n 9 int]l9+4 ,space /it*+ #c or #d ap>t4 ,d n draw ?read taut4 ,turn top & bottom hems & cat*-/it*4 ,p9 l9+ to hem across ! top & slip-/it*4 ,turn hem 9 l9+ & /it*4 ,all[ance %\ld be made = a #b hem1 ov]lapp+ ! hem 9 drap]y approximately #a4 ,use fr5* tacks betwe5 l9+ hem & drap]y to hold l9+ 9 place4 ,use ei!r #8sew-on' or #8p9-on' weight at bottom ( side hems4 ,illu/ration3 ,:5 l9+ is ma*9e /it*$ to drap]y1 tack seam to int]l9+4 ,illu/ration3 ,fr5* tacks hold drap]y & l9+ toge!r4 ,measur+ = ,pleats ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,! use ( pleats is "o ( ! mo/ effective ways ( controll+ ! fullness ( a drap]y t is made to hang 9 balanc$1 graceful folds4 ,! types mo/ g5]ally us$ are ! p9* pleat1 ! ,fr5* pleat1 ! box pleat & ! c>tridge pleat4 ,pleats %\ld be made 9 gr\ps ( unev5 numb]s1 #e-g-i1 or z _m z are requir$ to take up ! am\nt all[$ = fullness4 ,= v %e] fabrics1 ! all[ance = fullness %\ld be #c times ! wid? ( ! w9d[ or space to be cov]$4 ,to figure ! spac+s & am\nt to be tak5 up 9 pleats1 take ! measurem5t ( ! space to be cov]$ plus ! return2 t is1 ! di/ance f turn ( rod to ! wall or ! bracket support+ ! rod on ei!r end1 plus ! ov]lap at ! c5t] :5 curta9s are drawn toge!r4 ,! wid? all[$ = drap]ies m9us ^! ?ree measurem5ts is to be tak5 up 9 pleats4 ,! fullness ( ea* type ( pleat & space betwe5 dep5ds on ! weight ( ! mat]ial & am\nt all[$ = fullness ( ! curta94 ,= ,example3 ,if "o half ( ! wid? to be cov]$ is #di !n "o section ( ! drap]y w\ld be ab\t #add wide aft] f9i%+ side hems4 ,to wid? ( w9d[ area 7#di71 add #c = return & #a = c5t] ov]lap4 ,?is totals #ec4 #add m9us #ec equals #ia = pleats4 ,all[+ #g = ea* pleat1 #ac pleats w be requir$ to take up ! fullness4 ,please ,note--#c = return is us$ z an example4 ,! return c be #d or #e1 dep5d+ on type ( rod or bracket4 ,always measure ! return4 ,/eps to ,pleats ,always measure & m>k ! exact position & wid? = all pleats & spac+s be=e /it*+4 ,measure ! wid? ( ! return f out] edge4 ,!n measure = ! fir/ pleat at ! curve ( ! rod4 ,place second pleat on opposite side #b f c5t] edge4 ,! ?ird pleat is plac$ at ! exact c5t] betwe5 ! fir/ & second pleat4 ,! rema9+ numb] ( pleats requir$ is ev5ly spac$ betwe5 ! #a/ & #crd & betwe5 ! #bnd & #crd pleats4 ,to =m pleats1 br+ m>k+s = pleats toge!r4 ,p92 !n /it* f top to bel[ ! head+1 rev]s+ ! /it* at ei!r end4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,br+ ! m>k+s toge!r = pleat & p94 #b4 ,/it* f top to ab\t bel[ head+1 rev]s+ /it* at ea* end4 ,^! /eps are ! same = all types ( pleats4 ,illu/ration3 ,p9* ,pleat--,divide ! l>ge pleat ev5ly into ?ree small] pleats2 press 9 firmly & /it* across ! ?ree folds at l[] edge ( head+4 ,! ,p9* pleat is a favorite f9i% = mo/ types ( drap]ies & is p>ticul>ly good :5 drap]ies are made ( a heavi] fabric4 ,illu/ration3 ,fr5* ,pleat--,at l[] edge ( head+1 divide l>ge pleat into ?ree small] pleats & run ne$le & ?read ?r\gh ?ree pleats sev]al times1 draw+ ?read tight4 ,!n fa/5 ?read securely und]nea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,box ,pleat--,! l>ge pleat is spread an equal di/ance on ea* side ( /it*+ & press$ flat4 ,box pleats %\ld be ab\t #b wide1 tak+ up #d fullness4 ,:5 figur+ ^! pleats1 try = uni=mity2 t is1 ! space betwe5 ea* pleat 7f fold to fold7 %\ld be ! same z ! wid? ( pleat4 ,box pleats %\ld be ab\t #b wide1 tak+ up #d fullness4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>tridge ,pleat--,?is is a r\nd pleat left loose & fill$ ) cotton1 ,kapok or a roll ( /iff pap]4 ,! pleats take up #b to #b & are spac$ f #b to #c ap>t = draw type drap]ies4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,type ( p9s us$ if curta9 is hung f trav]se rod4 ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,type ( p9s us$ if curta9 is hung f rod ) r+s or f trav]se rod m\nt$ aga9/ ceil+4 ,doors or ,w9d[s ,op5+ ,out ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,box ,pleats1 ext5d+ above ! head+ to =m a loop1 make an int]e/+ treatm5t = unl9$ curta9s drap+ a ,fr5* w9d[ or door t op5s out4 ,drap]ies hang f a rod drawn ?r\gh ! loops4 ,fabrics1 su* z ,=tisan bl5ds1 antique sat91 taffetas & %e] l95s are suitable = ^! curta9s4 ,measure f top ( rod to floor = l5g?4 ,add #i at top = seam1 loops1 & fac+ & #f = a #c d\ble bottom hem4 ,all[ #c times ! wid? ( space to be cov]$ = fullness4 ,example3 ,if space to be cov]$ is #eb1 #c l5g?s ( #dh fabric are requir$4 ,cut "o l5g? ?r\gh c5t] & jo9 ea* half wid? to ea* "o ( ! full wid?s4 ,ea* section measures approximately #gj4 #gj m9us #d = #a d\ble hems & #c = return equals #fc4 #g pleats #e #ce4 #fc m9us #ce #bh = space to be cov]$ & c5t] ov]lap4 ,illu/ration3 #a4 ,measur+ = pleats1 spac+s & loops4 ,pleats may be wid] or z n>r[ z desir$4 ,spac+s may v>y1 dep5d+ on weight ( mat]ial4 ,always consid] ! pleat ov]lap4 ,illu/ration3 #b4 ,turn top to "r side #i4 ,use a /iff5+ or /ay ( lawn or org&y = mo/ light & m$ium weight mat]ials4 ,arr[s indicate /it*+ l9es4 ,illu/ration3 #c4 ,mat]ial is cut out betwe5 loops4 ,seams are sla%$ diagonally at corn]s to l9e ( /it*+4 ,press4 ,if /iff5+ is n us$ z %[n 9 sket*es #a & #b1 /it* #d /rip ( cr9ol9e to hem z %[n above4 ,?is l5ds support to pleats4 ,illu/ration3 #d4 ,turn loops "r side out & hem to und]side4 ,press4 ,p9 9 pleat1 /it* same z = ,box pleat4 ,spread pleat1 press4 ,illu/ration3 #e4 ,fa/5 loops to back ( pleat by h&4 ,an*or curta9s at side1 top & bottom z %[n page #ae4 ,illu/ration3 ,patt]n = tie-back p9n$ to mat]ial4 ,illu/ration3 ,tie-back /it*$--,seam bl5d$ ready = turn+4 ,tie-,backs ,fabric tie-backs = drap]ies are usually tailor$1 /raight or %ap$ b&s :i* mat* or h>monize ) ! drap]y 9 color & design4 ,! fullness ( ! drap]y det]m9es ! l5g? ( ! tie-back4 ,to e/imate l5g?1 loop a /rip ( mat]ial ar\nd ! drap]y1 draw+ x back to side ( w9d[ = ! be/ effect4 ,l5g?s may v>y f #ah to #bd & c be #b or m 9 wid?4 ,!y are usually l9$ or fac$ & int]l9$4 ,use a /iff5+ ( heavy musl9 or cr9ol9e 9 a %ap$ b&4 ,= %ap$ b&1 cut a pap] patt]n ab\t #c or #d wide 9 ! c5t]1 tap]+ to #b or #b at ! end z illu/rat$4 ,cut fabric1 l9+ & /iff5+ ! same z patt]n1 all[+ = a seam on all edges4 ,p9 /iff5+ to und]side ( b&1 & l9+ to "r side ( mat]ial--"r sides toge!r4 ,/it*1 leav+ an op5+ ( #c or #d = turn+4 ,trim /iff5+ to /it*+ l9e & bl5d edge ( l9+4 ,press4 ,turn b& "r side out & press4 ,slip-/it* l9+ to b& at op5+4 ,sew small bone r+s or v n>r[ fabric loops at ends ( b&4 ,^! loop ov] a hook fa/5$ to side ( w9d[4 ,an*or+ ,drap]ies ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,outside edges ( drap]ies %\ld hang aga9/ ! wall 9 a /raight taut l9e4 ,sew a pla/ic r+ to ! bottom hem4 ,place a cup hook 9 ! wall or ! basebo>d 9 l9e ) ! hem4 ,meet ! sew+ ma*9e ) tomorr[ writt5 all ov] x4 ,illu/ration3 uncaption$ ,does all #c k9ds ( sew+--/raight1 zig-zag & *a9/it*4 ,hundr$s ( zig-zag patt]ns built-9--j t\* a button & sew4 ,sp9n+ reel ?read sy/em--= smoo?1 ev5 ?read fl[4 ,new spe$ swit*--set y\r own sew+ spe$1 fa/ or sl[4 ,new built-9 ne$le ?read]--ends t la/ little sew+ worry4 ,pu%-,button ,bobb9--w9ds "r 9 ! ma*9e4 ,exclusive ,slant ,ne$le--see bett]1 sew smoo!r4 ,new #d-position ?roat plate lev]--an extra = delicate fabrics4 ,new buttonhol] device--makes #g k9ds ( buttonholes easily4 ,new ,gold5 ,t\* ,sew#a sew+ ma*9e by ,s+]4 ,be ! girl ) ! gold5 t\* on ?is newe/ & mo/ fabul\s ( our gr[+ family ( ,t\* ,sew sew+ ma*9es ) ! ,pu%-,button ,bobb94 ,"o ( five new models />t+ at #adi4ie4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s+] ,see ,,s+] ,,company 9 phone book = ,%op ne>e/ y4 ,,s+] ,,sew+ ,,libr>y ,y're sure to want a complete set ,illu/ration3 ,,s+] ,sew+ ,libr>y ,"h are ! newe/1 mo/ in=mative1 8h[ to0 sew+ books available today6 ,toge!r !y make up a complete dressmak+--home decorations libr>y4 ,fully illu/rat$1 ea* "o cov]s its subject /ep-by-/ep1 answ]+ all y\r que/ions--9 z few words z possible--almo/ be=e y ask !m4 ,*oose y\r ne$s f ! selection ( books li/$ bel[4 #aja--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,curta9s #ajb--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,drap]ies #ajc--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,valances #ajd--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,b$spreads #aje--;,,h[ ,,to ,,lay ,,out ,a ,,patt]n ,,& ,,cut #ajf--;,,h[ ,,to ,,measure1 ,,alt] ,,& ,,fit #ajg--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,seams ,,& ,,f9i%es #ajh--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,sleeves #aji--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,buttonholes ,,& ,,pockets #aaj--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,coll>s1 ,,f9i% ,,neckl9es #aaa--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,zipp] ,,closures #aab--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,belts ,,& ,,hems #aac--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,slip ,,cov]s #aad--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,cafe ,,curta9s #aae--,,?+s ,,= ,,little ,,girls ,,to ,,sew #aaf--;,,creat+ ,,*>m ,,:5 ,,sew+ ,,= ,,girls #aag--;,,h[ ,,to ,,re9=ce1 ,,repair ,,& ,,refit #aah--;,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,dressmak] ,,tailor+ #aai--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,aprons #abj--;,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,cu%ions1 ,,pill[s1 ,,& ,,bol/]s #aba--;,,h[ ,,to ,,sew ,,= ,,babies ,s+] ,sew+ libr>y ,books are available at ,s+] ,c5t]s1 v>iety1 *a9 & dep>tm5t /ores 444 :]e y w also f9d ! ,,s+] ,,sew+ ,,%elf--= sew+ ma*9e p>ts & supplies4 #a;,a ,tradem>k ( ,,! ,,s+] ,,company ,cov] ,photograph repr9t$ f ! ,,bride',s ,,magaz9e ,copyright #aieg1 ,! ,cond ,na/ ,publications1 ,inc4 ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica ,book ,no4 #ajb ,transcrib]'s ,notes --,sil5tly correct$ a few typos4 --,reta9$ publication in=mation f ! pr9t$ edition3 ?is e,book is public-doma9 9 ! c\ntry ( publication4 --,9 ! text v]sions only1 text 9 italics is delimit$ by und]scores4