,,/ories ,,pictures ,,tell ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,decoration ,,/ories ,,pictures ,,tell ,,book ,,eight ,by ,,flora ,l4 ,,c>p5t] ,in/ructor 9 draw+ at ,waite ,high ,s*ool1 ,tol$o1 ,ohio ,=m]ly sup]visor ( draw+1 ,bloom+ton1 ,ill9ois ,illu/rat$ ) ,half ,tones f ,orig9al ,photographs ,,r& ,mc,n,a,l,l,y ,,company ,,*icago ,,new ,,york ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,copyright1 #aiah ,,by ,,r& ,,mcnally ,,co4 ,illu/ration ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,cont5ts ,,septemb] ,,& ,,octob] ,,page 8,! ,dea? ( ,g5]al ,we/ #a ,wolfe0 8,portrait ( ! ,arti/'s ,:i/l] #af ,"m0 ,,novemb]1 ,,decemb]1 ,,& ,,janu>y ,mural ,decorations & #bg ,fresco 8,! ,frieze ( ! ,s>g5t #bi ,prophets0 8,! ,holy ,grail0 ,abbey #eg ,,febru>y ,,& ,,m>* 8,! ,wolf ,*>m]0 ,la ,f>ge #gi ,am]ican ,illu/rators #ib 8,evangel9e0 ,taylor #ig ,,april1 ,,may1 ,,& ,,june ,c>toons & ,c>icatures #ajh ,engrav+s1 ,et*+s1 & #abj ,pr9ts ,li?ography #abc ,review ( ,pictures & ,arti/s ,/udi$ ,! ,sugge/ions to #abe ,tea*]s ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,preface ,art sup]visors 9 ! public s*ools assign picture-/udy "w 9 ea* grade1 recomm5d+ ! /udy ( c]ta9 pictures by well-kn[n ma/]s4 ,z ,sup]visor ( ,draw+ ,i f\nd t ! *ildr5 enjoy$ ?is "w b t ! tea*]s felt incompet5t to conduct ! lessons z !y lack$ "t to look up ! subject & to ga!r adequate mat]ial4 ,rec\rse to a great _m books 0 necess>y & (t5 :ile mu* in=mation c\ld usually be f\nd ab\t ! arti/1 v little 0 available ab\t 8 pictures4 ,h5ce ,i began collect+ in=mation ab\t ! pictures & prep>+ ! lessons = ! tea*]s j z ,i w\ld give !m myself to pupils ( _! grade4 ,my plan does n include _m pictures dur+ ! ye>1 z ?is is to be only a "p ( ! art "w & is n int5d$ to take ! place ( draw+4 ,! lessons 9 ?is grade may be us$ = ! usual draw+ p]iod ( f tw5ty to ?irty m9utes1 & h be5 successfully giv5 9 t "t4 ,h[ev]1 ! mo/ satisfactory way ( us+ ! books is z supplem5t>y read]s1 ?us p]mitt+ ea* *ild to /udy ! pictures & read ! /ories himself4 ,,flora ,l4 ,,c>p5t] ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,/ories ,,pictures ,,tell ,illu/ration ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,g5]al ,,wolfe ,que/ions to ar\se int]e/4 ,:at is repres5t$ 9 ?is picture8 ,:at h ^! m5 be5 do+8 ,:at makes y ?9k s8 ,:y h !y /opp$8 ,:at c y see 9 ! di/ance8 ,d y ?9k ! soldi] runn+ t[>d ! gr\p 9 ! =egr\nd is ! be>] ( good or bad news8 ,:at makes y ?9k s8 ,h[ _m ( y c tell :at battle has j be5 f\ght1 or some?+ ab\t ,g5]al ,wolfe8 ,orig9al ,picture3 ,grosv5or ,h\se1 ,london1 ,engl&4 ,arti/3 ,b5jam9 ,we/4 ,bir?place3 ,spr+field1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,dates3 ,born1 #agch2 di$1 #ahbj ,! /ory ( ! picture4 ,x is little wond] t ! arti/1 ,b5jam9 ,we/1 :o ov]came s _m ob/acles to foll[ 8 *os5 call+1 %\ld admire a man l ,g5]al ,wolfe1 :o also _h a great _m difficulties to ov]come4 ,ea* 0 born ) an ov]:elm+ desire1--! "o to be a great arti/2 ! o!r to be a great soldi]4 ,bo? a*iev$ _! desire ?r\gh _! own e>ne/ & praisewor?y ef=t4 ,p]haps ! greate/ difficulty ,james ,wolfe _h to cont5d ) 0 8 poor con/itution & con/ant ill heal?4 ,he c\ld sc>cely endure ! long m>*es by l& or voyages by sea--yet he w\ld %irk nei!r4 ,duty to 8 c\ntry 0 always fir/4 ,he 0 only sixte5 ye>s old :5 he took "p 9 8 fir/ campaign4 ,abb ,h4 ,r4 ,casgra9 tells u3 8,he 0 !n a tall b ?9 "y man1 app>5tly weak = ! trials ( w>4 ,moreov]1 he 0 decid$ly ugly1 ) r$ hair & a rec$+ =ehead & *91 :i* made 8 pr(ile seem to be an obtuse angle1 ) ! po9t at ! end ( 8 nose4 ,8 pale1 transp>5t sk9 0 easily flu%$1 & became fi]y r$ :5 he 0 engag$ 9 conv]sation or 9 action4 ,no?+ ab\t him bespoke ! soldi] save a firm-set m\? & eyes ( azure blue1 :i* fla%$ & gleam$4 ,) x all1 ?\gh1 he _h ab\t 8 p]son & 8 mann] a sympa!tic quality :i* attract$ p to him40 ,al?\gh a sev]e illness compell$ him to give up ?is fir/ campaign & return home1 ,wolfe 0 by no means disc\rag$1 & he lat] on manag$ to di/+ui% himself = 8 c\rage & milit>y skill4 ,x 0 n long aft] ?is t ! great ,william ,pitt decid$ t ,wolfe 0 a man to be tru/$ ) great ?+s4 ,he appo9t$ him comm&] ( ! ,engli% troops to be s5t aga9/ ,quebec4 ,am]ican hi/ory _h j rea*$ ! p]iod :5 all ! ,engli% colonies _h be5 f\nd$ except ,georgia1 & ! long /ruggle _h come betwe5 ,france & ,engl& = ! possession ( ,canada4 ,!re 7 _m old] g5]als :o ?\ght !y ought to h be5 appo9t$ to ! important comm& 9 place ( ,wolfe1 & :5 ! elat$ ,wolfe made "s wild boa/s 9 _! pres5ce1 !y 7 quick to c>ry !m to ! k+ & to decl>e t ,james ,wolfe 0 a mad fool1 & n fit to comm&4 ,b ,k+ ,george ,,iii lik$ ,wolfe none ! less = 8 en?usiasm1 & decl>$ t if 8,g5]al ,wolfe be mad1 he hop$ he w\ld bite "s ( 8 g5]als40 ,b ev5 ,wolfe's en?usiasm c\ld n break d[n ! /rong =tification at ,quebec4 ,! city 0 locat$ on a high1 rocky cliff 9 itself almo/ inaccessible1 & ! natural /r5g? ( ! position 0 increas$ by ! /rong def5se ma9ta9$ by ! ,fr5* soldi]s & ! ,indians4 ,wolfe sp5t ! entire summ] try+ to f9d a way to take ,quebec1 & probably w\ld n h succe$$ b = a comb9ation ( circum/ances :i* left "o "p ( ! cliff unprotect$4 ,) ! aid ( a telescope1 ,g5]al ,wolfe _h discov]$ a hidd5 pa?way up ! side ( ! cliff beh9d ! city at a po9t :i* 0 lightly gu>d$4 ,!n came a des]t] f ! ,fr5* army :o in=m$ him t ! ,fr5* 7 expect+ "s provision boats t night4 ,)\t hesitation1 ,g5]al ,wolfe ord]$ ?irty-six hundr$ ( 8 soldi]s to prep>e = ! assault4 ,"u cov] ( night1 fly+ a ,fr5* flag & ) ! aid ( ^? ( 8 g5]als :o spoke ,fr5*1 ,wolfe & 8 soldi]s manag$ to sail pa/ ! s5try & ent] ! h>bor 9 ! guise ( ! ,fr5* provision boats4 ,9 absolute sil5ce !y sail$ up ! riv] & l&$ at a spot s9ce call$ 8,wolfe's ,cove40 ,! asc5t up ! /eep hill side 0 difficult b soon accompli%$1 & ! few gu>ds kill$ or tak5 prison]s4 ,all ! ,briti% soldi]s successfully ga9$ ! heights & ! next morn+ ,g5]al ,wolfe l9$ !m up = battle on a field call$ ! 8,field ( ,abraham0 aft] ! "n ( its own]4 ,! ,fr5* comm&]1 ,montcalm1 surpris$ at ! pres5ce ( ! enemy on 8 own %ore1 w5t to meet !m hurri$ly & )\t prop] support4 ,a fi]ce battle ensu$ 9 :i* ! ,engli% 7 victori\s1 & ! ,fr5* fl$4 ,g5]al ,wolfe 0 w\nd$ ?ree times 9 ?is battle1 ! la/ "t fatally4 ,ev5 !n he call$ out to ^? ne>e/ him1 8,support me2 let n my brave fell[s see me fall4 ,! day is ours2 keep x40 ,9 our picture we see ,g5]al ,wolfe half support$ on ! gr\nd1 ) 8 fri5ds ab\t him4 ,at ! left is ! mess5g] :o1 hi/ory tells u1 bore ! news1 8,!y run2 see h[ !y run60 ,! dy+ g5]al he>d ! words & ask$1 8,:o run80 ,^u he>+ ! answ]1 8,! enemy10 he exclaim$1 8,n[ ,god be prais$4 ,i w die 9 peace40 ,?is victory n only gave ,canada to ,engl&1 b e/abli%$ ! p]man5t supremacy ( ! ,engli%-speak+ race 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,is x any wond]1 !n1 t ,b5jam9 ,we/1 a good ,am]ican coloni/1 %\ld be int]e/$ 9 ?is battle & wi% to pa9t a picture ( x8 ,he />t$ x ) great en?usiasm1 & soon _h ! figures sket*$ 91 ready to pa9t4 ,we/ 0 !n liv+ 9 ,london1 & ,ar*bi%op ,drummond1 happ5+ 9 8 /udio at ?is "t1 0 greatly %ock$ because ,we/ _h dress$ 8 m5 9 co/umes su* z !y actually wore4 ,/range z x seems to u n[1 x 0 ! cu/om !n to use classic models = ev]y?+1 & to repres5t all figures z we>+ ,greek co/umes1 no matt] 9 :at p]iod !y liv$4 ,if we rememb] ,b5jam9 ,we/ = no o!r reason1 we %all rememb] him because he 0 ! fir/ 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica to *ange ?is cu/om4 ,he believ$ we %\ld pa9t p j z !y are4 ,! ar*bi%op tri$ to dissuade him f ?is1 & fail+1 he ask$ ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds to talk to ,we/4 ,f9ally ,k+ ,george ,,iii he>d ( ! arti/'s int5tion & s5t = him4 ,we/ li/5$ to ! k+ ) great respect1 & !n repli$3 8,may x please y\r ,maje/y1 ! subject ,i h to repres5t is a great battle f\ght & won1 & ! same tru? :i* gives law to ! hi/orian %\ld rule ! pa9t]4 ,if in/ead ( ! facts ( action ,i introduce fictions1 h[ %all ,i be und]/ood by po/]ity8 ,! classic dress is c]ta9ly picturesque1 b by us+ x ,i %all lose 9 s5tim5t :at ,i ga9 9 ext]nal grace4 ,i want to m>k ! "t1 ! place1 & ! p2 to d ?is ,i mu/ abide by ! tru?40 ,! k+ c\ld n fail to be conv9c$ by s s5sible an answ]1 yet he w\ld n buy ! picture4 ,:5 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds came to look at ! f9i%$ picture he prais$ x unres]v$ly1 & n only told ! arti/ x w\ld be popul> b pr$ict$ t x w\ld lead to a revolution 9 art4 ,8 pr$iction 0 soon fulfill$4 ,k+ ,george ,,iii also greatly admir$ ! pa9t+1 & said1 8,!re6 ,i am *eat$ out ( a f9e canvas by li/5+ to o!r p4 ,b y %all make a copy ( x = me40 ,& yet ! critics tell u t ,we/1 ) all 8 love = tru? 9 dress1 took ev5 a great] arti/'s lic5se :5 he pa9t$ ?is picture4 ,he repres5t$ m5 z /&+ ne> ,wolfe 7! two g5]als1 ,monckton & ,b>r7 :o 7 n !re at all4 ,^! two m5 7 fatally w\nd$ 9 ! same battle1 b 9 ano!r "p ( ! field4 ,surgeon ,adair1 too1 :o is b5d+ ov] ! dy+ h]o1 0 9 ano!r "p ( ! c\ntry at ! "t4 ,! ,indian w>rior1 :o int5tly wat*es ! dy+ g5]al to see if he is equal to ! ,indian 9 =titude & brav]y1 01 x is claim$1 an imag9>y p]son4 ,b a f> great] numb] ( critics uphold ,we/ & consid] 8 pa9t+ ! m valuable because he has br\ght into prom95ce a numb] ( ! important m5 ( t "t1 & l9k$ _! names 9 memory ) t ( ,g5]al ,wolfe & ) ! cause !y repres5t$4 ,x is int]e/+ to note ! mann] 9 :i* ! arti/ has gr\p$ 8 figures 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,we c sep>ate !m into at lea/ ?ree di/9ct gr\ps1 ea* complete 9 itself1 yet held toge!r by ! direction ( _! gaze & ! position ( _! bodies4 ,= a mom5t ^! brave m5 h =gott51 9 grief at ! loss ( a belov$ companion & h]o1 ev5 ! joy ( victory = a great cause4 ,! int]e/ is c5t]$ ab\t ! dy+ g5]al 9 _m diff]5t ways--! light1 ! position ( o!r figures1 ! direction ( _! gaze1 & 8 position 9 ! picture4 ,our att5tion & int]e/ might rema9 ) ! gr\p 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! picture b t x is drawn1 = a mom5t1 to ! figure 9 ! middle di/ance runn+ t[>d u & f t figure to ! mass 9 ! backgr\nd :i*1 ?\gh vaguely outl9$1 is /ill di/9ct en\gh to give u ! impression ( troops 9 action4 ,que/ions to help ! pupil und]/& ! picture4 ,:y did ! life ( ,g5]al ,wolfe appeal s /rongly to ! arti/ ,b5jam9 ,we/8 ,:at great ob/acles did ,g5]al ,wolfe h to ov]come8 ,tell ab\t 8 fir/ campaign4 ,describe 8 p]sonal appe>ance4 ,:y did ,william ,pitt *oose ,wolfe = an important (fice8 ,:at feel+ did ?is cause among ! o!r g5]als8 ,:at did ,george ,,iii say ab\t ,g5]al ,wolfe8 ,expla9 ! difficulties to be ov]come 9 captur+ ,quebec4 ,h[ did ! ,engli% effect a l&+8 ,:]e 0 ! battle f\ght8 ,:i* army 0 victori\s8 ,:at ev5ts aid$ ! ,engli% 9 ga9+ ?is victory8 ,:at new idea did ,we/ introduce 9 ?is picture8 ,:o oppos$ him at fir/8 ,to :at did ?is *ange lead8 ,:at c y say ( ! composition ( ?is picture8 ,:at is its value z hi/ory8 ,! /ory ( ! arti/4 8,:at is !e do+1 ,b5jam980 ,a small boy1 he>+ ?is "q1 sudd5ly becomes q confus$ & emb>rass$ z he tries to cov] up a %eet ( pap] he has 9 8 h&4 ,8 "m & si/]1 dress$ 9 ! sev]ely pla9 clo?+ ( ! ,quak]s1 are /&+ beh9d him1 wait+ = an answ]4 ,! boy looks up timidly1 8 face turn+ r$ z he answ]s hesitat+ly1 8,n-no?+40 ,( c\rse ?is does n satisfy 8 "m1 & %e speaks m %>ply z %e asks him aga9 :at he is do+ & :at he has 9 8 h&4 ,! boy1 a little fell[ ( six1 h&s h] a %eet ( pap] & n]v\sly rocks ! cradle 9 :i* 8 baby si/] is sleep+4 ,he expects to be puni%$1 = he has done some?+ t mu/ be wrong1 = he nev] he>d ( any "o else do+ x4 ,! "m & si/] /udy ! pap] c>efully1 & f9d only a draw+ done 9 r$ & black ink4 ,!y recognize x at once z a picture ( ! baby si/] ,sally1 s\nd asleep1 & !y are pleas$ 9 spite ( !mselves4 ,! "m asks him _m que/ions1 & he tells h] t z he 0 tak+ c>e ( 8 baby si/] he _h sudd5ly felt a great desire to copy ! sleep+ *ild's face4 ,he _h f\nd an old quill p5 & "s ink1 & !y c\ld see :at he _h be5 do+4 ,! "m looks pleas$1 b says1 8,i d n "k :at ! ,fri5ds w\ld say to su* l40 ,h[ev]1 ,b5jam9 feels enc\rag$1 & det]m9es to try aga9 soon4 ,?is /ory is (t5 told 9 giv+ ! hi/ory ( ,am]ican art1 because ?is same ,b5jam9 ,we/ 0 our fir/ native ,am]ican arti/4 ,o!r ,am]ican m5 _h copi$ ,european pa9t+s1 b 8 0 ! fir/ orig9al "w 9 ,am]ica4 ,b5jam9's gr&fa!r came to ,am]ica ) ,william ,p5n1 ! two be+ intimate fri5ds4 ,lat] ! ,we/ family mov$ to ! small t[n ( ,spr+field1 ,p5nsylvania1 :]e1 9 #agch1 ! gr&son ,b5jam9 0 born1 gr[+ up "u ! /]n obs]vances ( an e>ly ,quak] home4 ,8 fa!r kept a small /ore1 b ! family 0 a l>ge "o & _m h>d%ips _h to be endur$ 9 ^? e>ly days4 ,at ! age ( sev5 ,b5jam9 began to att5d ! village s*ool4 ,y w rememb] t ! ,indians rema9$ v fri5dly aft] _! treaty ) ,william ,p5n1 & t 9 ^? days !y (t5 came to visit & trade ) ! settl]s4 ,! boys 9 ?is little s*ool always look$ =w>d to ^! visits1 z !y lik$ to talk ) ! ,indians 9 sign language & to trade ) !m = b[s & arr[s & o!r curi\s ?+s ! ,indians made4 ,!y came "o day :5 ,b5jam9 _h be5 draw+ "s birds & fl[]s on 8 slate4 ,:5 %[n ! sket*es !y grunt$ _! approval & ! next "t !y came ! big *ief br\ght ,b5jam9 "s r$ & yell[ pa9t1 ! k9d !y us$ to decorate _! bodies4 ,h[ delight$ ,b5jam9 0 z he ran home ) 8 colors2 b :at c\ld he d )\t blue8 ,!n 8 "m rememb]$ ! blu+ %e us$ = h] clo!s1 & gave him a piece ( indigo4 ,n[ he mu/ h a bru%4 ,y h probably he>d ( h[ he cut ! fur f ! tip ( ! cat's tail1 & s made a v good bru%1 al?\gh x did n la/ long4 ,?is made x necess>y = him to cut s mu* fur t ! cat became a sorry sight inde$4 ,b5jam9's fa!r ?\ght x mu/ h "s disease & 0 ab\t to *lor(orm x1 :5 8 son told him ! true /ate ( affairs4 ,n long aft]w>ds an uncle :o 0 a m]*ant 9 ,philadelphia s5t ,b5jam9 a complete pa9t]'s outfit1--pa9ts1 bru%es1 canvas1 & all4 ,x is said t ! day ^! came ,b5jam9 sudd5ly disappe>$ f sight & c\ld n be f\nd ei!r at s*ool1 :]e he %\ld h be51 or 9 any ( 8 favorite haunts4 ,at la/ 8 "m ?\ght ( ! attic1 & !re %e f\nd him s busily absorb$ 9 pa9t+ 8 picture t at fir/ he did n he> h]4 ,%e _h int5d$ to puni% him1 b1 see+ 8 pictures1 %e =got all else z %e said1 8,oh1 ?\ wond]ful *ild60 ,:5 ! uncle came to visit !m he 0 s delight$ he took ,b5jam9 back ) him to ,philadelphia1 :]e he c\ld h good in/ruction 9 draw+4 ,at eighte5 he began to pa9t portraits4 ,!n1 aft] liv+ 9 ,new ,york sev]al ye>s1 he travel$ ext5sively 9 ,europe1 f9ally settl+ 9 ,london1 :]e he rema9$ ! re/ ( 8 life4 ,he became c\rt pa9t] = ,k+ ,george ,,iii1 & succe$$ ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds z presid5t ( ! ,royal ,academy1 hold+ ?is position until 8 dea?4 ,b5jam9 ,we/ caus$ "o complete *ange 9 ! art ( ,engl&4 ,until 8 "t all art _h foll[$ ! ,greek ideas1 ! arti/s us+ ! ,greek co/umes = figures ( m5 ( all p]iods4 ,we/ believ$ we %\ld pa9t p j z !y are1 s he dress$ 8 p 9 ! co/umes ( ! day4 ,at fir/1 ( c\rse1 he 0 criticiz$ sev]ely1 b soon all ! arti/s 7 foll[+ 8 example4 ,b5jam9 ,we/ became ! f\nd] ( a s*ool ( 8 own1 to :i* "y arti/s f bo? ,am]ica & ,engl& w5t = help & enc\ragem5t4 ,al?\gh he sp5t ! la/ ye>s ( 8 life 9 ,engl&1 ,b5jam9 ,we/ always rema9$ a patriotic ,am]ican4 ,! fir/ few pa9t]s ( note :o foll[$ ,b5jam9 ,we/ 7 greatly influ5c$ by him4 ,! li/ ( prom95t ,am]ican arti/s is con/antly increas+4 ,j4 ,walk] ,mc,spadden1 9 8 book call$ ,fam\s ,pa9t]s ( ,am]ica1 has classifi$ a few ( ! mo/ prom95t 9 a way t may help u rememb] !m3 ,b5jam9 ,we/1 ! pa9t] ( de/9y4 ,john ,s+leton ,copley1 ! pa9t] ( e>ly g5tility4 ,gilb]t ,/u>t1 ! pa9t] ( presid5ts4 ,george ,inness1 ! pa9t] ( nature's moods4 ,elihu ,v$d]1 ! pa9t] ( ! my/ic4 ,w9sl[ ,hom]1 ! pa9t] ( seclusion4 ,john ,la ,f>ge1 ! pa9t] ( exp]im5t4 ,james ,mc,neill ,:i/l]1 ! pa9t] ( prote/4 ,john ,s+] ,s>g5t1 ! pa9t] ( portraits4 ,edw9 ,au/9 ,abbey1 ! pa9t] ( ! pa/4 ,william ,m4 ,*ase1 ! pa9t] ( precept4 ,que/ions ab\t ! arti/4 ,:o 0 ! fir/ ,am]ican arti/ ( note8 ,:]e 0 he born8 ,( :at fai? 7 8 p>5ts8 ,relate ! circum/ances :i* l$ to ,b5jam9 ,we/'s fir/ draw+1 & ! result4 ,h[ old 0 he at t "t8 ,h[ did he secure 8 fir/ pa9ts8 8 bru%es8 ,:at gift did 8 uncle s5d him8 ,:at became ( ,b5jam9 ! day ?is gift 0 receiv$8 ,:at did 8 "m say8 ,:]e did he g to /udy art8 ,9 :at way did he *ange art 9 ,engl&8 ,:at s*ool did he e/abli%8 ,"n five o!r ,am]ican arti/s1 & tell :y !y are fam\s4 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,sev]al pupils may prep>e ! subject-matt] z sugge/$ "h1 !n tell x to ! class4 ,lat]1 topics may be writt5 ^u ! blackbo>d & us$ z sugge/ive subjects = %ort compositions 9 ,engli%4 #a4 ,relate an incid5t 9 ! life ( ,b5jam9 ,we/ t p]suad$ 8 p>5ts he w\ld be an arti/4 #b4 ,expla9 "s ( ! difficulties he _h to ov]come 9 ord] to pa9t4 #c4 ,:at prep>ation did he make to become an arti/8 #d4 ,9 :at ways 0 he ( special b5efit to ! _w ( art8 #e4 ,tell some?+ ( ! progress ( ,am]ican pa9t+ f t "t to ?is4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration ,,portrait ,,( ,,! ,,arti/',s ,,"m ,que/ions to ar\se int]e/4 ,:at is ! "n ( ?is picture8 ,:o pa9t$ x8 ,half close y\r eyes & tell :at "p ( ! picture /&s out mo/ di/9ctly4 ,:i* "p %\ld be mo/ di/9ct8 7,! figure1 especially ! head1 holds ! c5t] ( int]e/47 ,f ?is glimpse ( h]1 describe ! "* & disposition ( ,:i/l]'s "m z y w\ld judge !m to be4 ,give reasons4 ,:at w\ld make y ?9k %e 0 neat & ord]ly8 ,:]e is %e sitt+8 ,h[ is %e dress$8 ,:at c y see 9 ! backgr\nd8 ,orig9al ,picture3 ,luxemb\rg ,gall]y1 ,p>is1 ,france4 ,arti/3 ,james ,mc,neill ,:i/l]4 ,bir?place3 ,l[ell1 ,massa*usetts4 ,dates3 ,born1 #ahcd2 di$1 #aijc4 ,! /ory ( ! picture4 ,:i/l] call$ ?is picture 8,an ,arrangem5t 9 ,gray & ,black10 = he felt t ! public c\ld n be int]e/$ 9 a portrait ( 8 "m4 ,he said1 8,to me1 x is int]e/+ z a picture ( my "m2 b :at c or ought ! public to c>e ab\t ! id5tity ( ! portrait80 ,h[ev]1 ?is k ( relation%ip has appeal$ s /rongly to ! p t by common cons5t ! picture has be5 r5am$ by !m1 8,:i/l]'s ,"m10 or 8,portrait ( ! ,pa9t]'s ,"m10 or ev5 8,portrait ( ,my ,"m40 ,!n aga9 _m critics decl>e ! picture might well be call$ 8,a ,"m10 = x repres5ts a type r ?an an individual4 ,! face seems to speak to ea* & e "o ( u 9 a language all c und]/&4 ,?is de> old lady 9 h] pla9 black dress1 seat$ s com=tably ) h] h&s 9 h] lap & h] feet on a foot/ool1 has an air ( peace & re/fulness ab\t h] t is good to look ^u4 ,a feel+ ( /illness & p]fect quiet comes to u1 & we d n at fir/ realize ! skill ( ! arti/ 9 produc+ su* an effect4 ,seat$ 9 ?is re/ful gray room1 %e seems to be 9 a happy rev]ie ( ! days gone by4 ,! simple dignity ( ! ?\ghtful figure is increas$ by ! ref9em5t ( h] surr\nd+s4 ,a s+le picture & "p ( ! frame ( ano!r hang on ! gray wall beh9d h]4 ,at ! left we see a v d>k gre5 curta9 hang+ 9 /raight folds1 ) its weird ,japanese patt]n ( :ite fl[]s4 ,all is gray & dull save ! face4 ,?is contra/ br+s out its s(t w>m?4 ,! d>k mass ( ! curta9 ) its sev]ely /raight v]tical l9es1 contra/$ ) ! d>k] diagonal mass :i* repres5ts ! figure ( ! "m1 gives u a feel+ ( solemnity & rev]5ce4 ,! sev]ity ( ^! d>k masses is brok5 by ! head & h&s4 ,! da9ty :ite cap ) its sugge/ion ( lace on ! cap /r+s s(t5s ! sweet face & relieves ! glossy smoo?ness ( h] hair4 ,9 h] h&s %e holds a lace h&k]*ief :i* we c b>ely di/+ui% f ! lace on h] cuffs4 ,b ! h&s s]ve z an exquisite bit ( light to lead ! eye back to ! face1 :]e we /udy aga9 ! calm & t5d] dignity ( ! figure & ! my/]i\s beauty ( ^? f>-see+ eyes4 ,by ?is v simplicity1 quiet1 & repose1 ,:i/l] has made u feel ! love & rev]5ce he has = 8 "m4 ,he leaves u to guess :at ! "m h]self may be ?9k+ z %e looks back ov] ! life n[ pa/4 ,) :at reluctance %e may h at fir/ cons5t$ to pose = h] portrait1 believ+ t ?is great1 wond]ful son ( h]s _h bett] *oose "s y\ng]1 fair] model1 m responsive to 8 magic bru%6 ,b :5 %e f\nd 8 he>t 0 set ^u pa9t+ h] portrait1 %e w\ld hesitate no long]4 ,no d\bt he knew j :i* dress he wi%$ 8 "m to we>4 ,we all "k ! dress we l to see our own "m we>4 ,v likely ,:i/l] _h plann$ ! picture = days & knew exactly :]e he wi%$ h] to sit & j h[ ! f9i%$ portrait 0 to look4 ,& ! "m1 ) h] fai? 9 h] son's tal5t1 probably ?\ght 8 want+ h] picture 0 only a tok5 ( 8 love = h]1 little realiz+ t ?is portrait alone w\ld make h] son fam\s4 ,we are mov$ by ! sil5ce & res]ve ( ?is g5tle lady to an appreciation ( ! love1 rev]5ce1 & respect t are h] due4 ,held at a di/ance1 our reproduction ( ?is picture seems to consi/ m]ely ( a black silh\ette aga9/ a light gray wall4 ,on clos] exam9ation we soon discov] two o!r values--t ( ! floor1 :i* is m$ium gray1 & ! d>k] mass ( ! curta94 ,:i/l] 0 s fond ( gray t he always kept 8 /udio dimly light$ 9 ord] to produce t effect4 ,8 pictures are full ( sugge/ions r ?an actual objects or details4 ,9 8 l&scapes all is se5 ?r\gh a mi/y haze ( twilight1 e>ly morn+1 fog1 or ra94 ,!y sugge/ r ?an tell _! /ory4 ,he makes u ?9k z well z feel4 ,que/ions to help ! pupil und]/& ! picture4 ,:at did ,mr4 ,:i/l] call ?is pa9t+8 ,:y 0 ! "n *ang$8 ,:at is x (t5 call$8 :y8 ,:i* "n seems ! mo/ appropriate to y8 ,:at colors did ! arti/ use8 ,h[ _m values are repres5t$ 9 ?is pa9t+8 ,:at are !y8 ,:at c y say ab\t ! division ( space 9 ! picture8 ( ! light & %ade8 ( ! int]ior ( ! room8 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,tell ab\t ! picture & ! arti/1 or h "s "o pupil prep>e ! /ory & tell x to ! class4 ,?is may be foll[$ by a writt5 description ( ! picture & a %ort sket* ( ! arti/'s life by ! class1 giv5 9 connection ) ! ,engli% composition "w4 ,^! que/ions may be writt5 ^u ! blackbo>d z a guide or sugge/ion4 ,! /ory ( ! arti/4 ,p]haps !re nev] 0 a boy m fond ( play+ practical jokes ?an ,james ,mc,neill ,:i/l]4 ,= ?is reason he made _m enemies z well z fri5ds1 = y "k t1 al?\gh v amus+ 9 !mselves1 practical jokes are apt to (f5d4 ,b fir/ we %\ld "k some?+ ab\t ,:i/l]'s fa!r & "m4 ,( a family ( soldi]s1 ! fa!r 0 a graduate ( ,we/ ,po9t ,milit>y ,academy1 & became a major 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates army4 ,dur+ ^? peaceful days !re 0 v little to keep an army (fic] busy1 s ! gov]nm5t all[$ its ,we/ ,po9t graduates to aid 9 ! build+ ( ! railroads ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,civil eng9e]s 7 9 great dem&1 & f a position z eng9e] on ! ,baltimore & ,ohio ,railroad1 ,major ,:i/l] became eng9e] to ! ,proprietors ( ,locks & ,canals at ,l[ell1 ,massa*usetts4 ,to ,l[ell1 !n a m]e village1 ,major ,:i/l] br\ght 8 family1 & "h ,james 0 born4 ,lat] ! family mov$ to ,/on+ton1 ,connecticut4 ,:i/l]'s "m 0 a /rict ,puritan & br\ght up h] son accord+ to ,puritan beliefs4 ,_! ,sundays 7 q diff]5t f ours at ! pres5t day4 ,!y really began on ,saturday night = little ,james1 = x 0 !n t 8 pockets 7 empti$1 all toys put away1 & ev]y?+ made ready = ! ,sabba?4 ,on t day ! ,bible 0 ! only book !y 7 all[$ to read4 ,:5 !y liv$ 9 ,/on+ton1 !y 7 a long di/ance f ! *ur* &1 z !re 7 no tra9s on ,sunday1 ! fa!r plac$ ! body ( a c>riage on c> :eels &1 runn+ x on ! rails z he w\ld a h& c>1 he 0 able to take 8 family to *ur* regul>ly4 ,?is ride to *ur* 0 ! great ev5t ( ! day = ,james4 ,james's fir/ tea*] at s*ool1 ?\gh a f9e man1 _h un=tunately a v long neck4 ,9 8 wi% to hide ?is peculi>ity he wore unusually high coll>s4 ,"o day little ,james came 9 t>dy1 we>+ a coll> s high x completely cov]$ 8 e>s4 ,he _h made x ( pap] 9 imitation ( ! tea*]'s4 ,z he walk$ solemnly to 8 seat1 ! :ole s*ool 0 9 an upro>4 ,james sat d[n & w5t ab\t 8 "w z if unconsci\s bo? ( commotion & ( ! angry gl>e ( 8 tea*]4 ,x 0 n _m m9utes be=e ! indignant man ru%$ ^u him & adm9i/]$ ! puni%m5t he s ri*ly des]v$4 ,:5 ,james 0 n9e ye>s old ! family mov$ to ,russia4 ,! ,emp]or ,ni*olas ,i wi%$ to build a railroad f ! city ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg 7n[ call$ ,petrograd7 to ,mosc[1 & _h s5t all ov] ,europe & ,am]ica 9 se>* ( ! be/ man to und]take ?is "w1 at la/ *oos+ ,major ,:i/l]4 ,x 0 a great honor1 ( c\rse1 & ! sal>y 0 twelve ?\s& doll>s a ye>4 ,"h ! family liv$ 9 great luxury until ! fa!r di$4 ,!n ,mrs4 ,:i/l] br\ght h] *ildr5 back to ,am]ica to educate !m4 ,:5 only f\r ye>s old ,james _h %[n consid]able tal5t = draw+1 b al?\gh 8 "m admir$ 8 sket*es %e always hop$ & plann$ t h] son %\ld become a soldi] l 8 fa!r4 ,s at ! age ( sev5te5 %e s5t him to ,we/ ,po9t1 :]e he rema9$ ?ree ye>s be=e he 0 dis*>g$ = failure 9 *emi/ry4 ,al?\gh he _h fail$ 9 mo/ ( 8 o!r /udies1 too1 he /ood at ! head ( 8 class 9 draw+4 ,he receiv$ mu* praise = ! maps he drew 9 8 geography class1 & "s ( !m are /ill pres]v$4 ,:i/l] himself tells u3 8,_h silicon be5 a gas1 ,i w\ld h be5 a major g5]al40 ,x 0 dur+ an oral exam9ation1 aft] repeat$ failures1 t 8 def9ition1 8,silicon is a gas10 f9ally caus$ 8 dismissal4 ,ano!r /ory is told ( 8 exam9ation 9 hi/ory4 ,8 pr(essor said1 8,:at6 d y n "k ! date ( ! ,battle ( ,bu5a ,vi/a8 ,suppose y 7 to g out to d9n] & ! company began to talk ( ! ,mexican ,w>1 & y1 a ,we/ ,po9t man1 7 ask$ ! date ( ! battle1 :at w\ld y d80 8,d80 said ,:i/l]4 8,:y1 ,i %\ld refuse to associate ) p :o c\ld talk ( su* ?+s at d9n]40 ,:i/l]'s real "n 0 ,james ,abbott ,:i/l]1 b :5 he ent]$ ,we/ ,po9t he add$ 8 "m's "n1 ,mc,neill4 ,he did ?is because he knew ! habit at ,we/ ,po9t ( nicknam+ /ud5ts1 & he fe>$ ! comb9ation ( initial lett]s w\ld sugge/ "o = him1 s he sub/itut$ ,mc,neill = ,abbott4 ,he 0 call$ ,jimmie1 ,jemmie1 ,jamie1 ,james1 & ,jim4 ,! old] he grew ! m ,:i/l] seem$ to enjoy play+ practical jokes4 ,soon aft] he left ,we/ ,po9t he 0 giv5 a position 9 a gov]nm5t (fice1 b 0 s c>eless 9 8 "w he 0 dis*>g$4 ,z he 0 go+ pa/ 8 employ]'s desk he caught sight ( an unusually l>ge magnify+ glass :i* t (ficial us$ only on ! mo/ important occasions & :i* 0 held 9 great awe by ! employes4 ,:i/l] quickly pa9t$ a little demon 9 ! c5t] ( ?is glass4 ,x is said t :5 ! (ficial _h occasion to use ! great magnify+ glass aga9 he hurri$ly dropp$ x ?9k+ he mu/ be out ( 8 head1 = all he c\ld see 0 a wick$-look+ demon gr9n+ up at him4 ,:5 ,:i/l] began to pa9t 9 e>ne/ he 0 v successful1 & soon became ! idol ( 8 fri5ds4 ,9 fact1 ! admiration ( 8 fri5ds prov$ q a mis=tune1 = x sometimes made him satisfi$ ) poor "w4 ,a fri5d com+ 9 w\ld f9d a half-complet$ picture on 8 easel & g into raptures ov] x1 say+1 8,don't t\* x aga94 ,leave x j z x is60 ,:i/l]1 pleas$ & delight$1 w\ld say he guess$ x 0 r good1 & s ! picture rema9$ unf9i%$4 ,_m /ories are told ( ! models he *ose f ! /reets4 ,(t5 "s dirty1 ragg$ little *ild w\ld f9d itself tak5 k9dly by ! h& & l$ home to ask its "m :e!r x might pose = ! great arti/4 ,aft] "s difficulty ! "m w\ld be p]suad$ to let ! *ild g j z x 01 dirt & all4 ,z soon z ,:i/l] began to pa9t1 he usually =got ev]y?+ else & s at la/ ! *ild w\ld cry out f %e] we>9ess4 ,!n ) a />t ( surprise ,:i/l] w\ld say to 8 s]vant1 8,p%aw6 :at's x all ab\t8 ,c't y give x some?+8 ,c't y buy x some?+80 ,ne$less to say1 ! *ild always w5t home happy ) toys & c&y4 ,:i/l] saw color ev]y:]e1 & he 0 especially quick to feel ! beauty ( color comb9ations4 ,! names ( 8 pa9t+s sugge/ t ?is love ( color 0 ( fir/ importance 9 8 "w1 ev5 be=e ! object or p]son /udi$4 ,s we h 8,a ,symphony 9 ,:ite10 8,rose & ,gold10 8,gray & ,silv]10 8,a ,note 9 ,blue & ,opal10 & 8,gre5 & ,gold40 ,que/ions ab\t ! arti/4 ,( :at nationality 0 ! arti/8 ,:at 0 8 fa!r's pr(ession8 ,:at important positions did he hold8 ,h[ did ! family obs]ve ,sunday8 ,:at 0 ! great ev5t ( ! day = ,james ,mc,neill ,:i/l]8 ,to :at c\ntry did ! family move8 ,:at happ5$ aft] ! fa!r's dea?8 ,:]e 0 ,james s5t to s*ool8 ,:y did he fail8 ,:y did he *ange 8 "n8 ,tell ab\t ! position 9 ! gov]nm5t (fice & :at happ5$ !re4 ,h[ did praise & admiration affect him8 ,"n "s ( 8 be/ pa9t+s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,mural ,,decorations ,,& ,,fresco ,! t]m 8mural decoration0 applies to ! decoration ( walls & ceil+s4 ,^! decorations may be done 9 fresco1 oils1 sculpture 9 l[ relief1 mosaics1 c>v$ & panel$ woodwork1 or tape/ries4 ,9 fresco pa9t+ a damp pla/] gr\nd is prep>$ on ! wall1 ^u :i* ! moi/ colors are pa9t$4 ,^! colors become fix$ z !y dry1 & appe> to be a "p ( ! wall4 ,! "w mu/ be done :ile ! pla/] is damp1 s ! pa9t] prep>es only t "p ( ! wall :i* he expects to cov] t day4 ,z x _c be us$ aft] x is dry1 he mu/ scrape away all t is left & prep>e a new backgr\nd ! next day4 ,if ! arti/ wi%es to *ange any "p ( 8 picture1 he mu/ scrape (f ! gr\nd & repa9t ! entire picture4 ,x is (t5 easy to see :]e ! new pla/] has be5 add$1 & h5ce h[ mu* ! arti/ did 9 "o day4 ,! damp atmosph]e 9 nor!rn c\ntries soon de/roys fresco pa9ts1 :ile ! w>m1 sunny climate ( su* c\ntries z ,italy & ,spa9 pres]ves !m4 ,mo/ ( ! fresco pa9t+s ( su* old ma/]s z ,fra ,angelico1 ,raphael1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 & ,mi*elangelo are /ill to be se5 9 mu* ( _! orig9al beauty4 ,9 ,am]ica1 fresco is seldom us$1 z arti/s f9d t oil pa9ts on canvas1 :i* may be fa/5$ to ! wall ) :ite lead1 are mu* m la/+ & satisfactory4 ,"s ( ! be/-kn[n mural pa9t+s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates are f\nd 9 ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts3 8,! ,holy ,grail10 by ,edw9 ,abbey 7,am]ican72 8,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets10 by ,john ,s>g5t 7,am]ican72 & 8,! ,muses ,welcom+ ! ,g5ius ( ,enlight5m5t10 by ,*avannes 7,fr5*74 ,9 ! ,congressional ,libr>y1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 ! arti/s repres5t$ are3 ,elihu ,v$d] 7,am]ican71 ,j4 ,w4 ,alex&] 7,am]ican71 ,h4 ,o4 ,walk] 7,am]ican71 ,*>les ,sprague ,pe>ce 7,am]ican71 ,edw>d ,simmons 7,am]ican71 ,g4 ,w4 ,mayn>d 7,am]ican71 & ,fr$]ick ,dielman 7,am]ican by adoption74 ,9 ! ,waldorf-,a/oria ,hotel1 ,new ,york ,city1 ,e4 ,h4 ,bla%field 7,am]ican7 & ,edw>d ,simmons are repres5t$4 ,at ! ,c>negie ,in/itute ! "w ( ,john ,w4 ,alex&] is repres5t$1 & at ! ,walk] ,art ,build+1 ,b[do9 ,college1 ,ma9e1 we f9d works by ,cox1 ,?ay]1 ,v$d]1 & ,la ,f>ge4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration ,,! ,,frieze ,,( ,,! ,,prophets ,que/ions to ar\se int]e/4 ,:o 7 ! 8prophets08 ,h[ _m are repres5t$ 9 ?is picture8 ,relate "s incid5t or ev5t 9 ! life ( any "o ( !m4 ,:at book tells ab\t ! lives ( ^! m58 ,( :at b5efit 7 !y to ! _w8 ,h[ _m gr\ps are complete 9 !mselves8 ,h[ are ! five gr\ps held toge!r to =m a s+le composition8 ,orig9al ,picture3 ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts4 ,arti/3 ,john ,s+] ,s>g5t 7srjnt74 ,bir?place3 ,flor5ce1 ,italy4 ,dates3 ,born1 #ahef4 ,! /ory ( ! frieze4 ,?is pa9t+ is plac$ on ! ?ird floor ( ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts1 9 :at is kn[n z ,s>g5t ,hall4 ,! ?ird floor ( ! libr>y conta9s valuable collections ( books on special subjects1 & to approa* ^! rooms we mu/ pass ?r\gh a long1 high gall]y4 ,?is is ,s>g5t ,hall1 nam$ 9 honor ( ! arti/ :o decorat$ its walls4 ,at ab\t ! "t t ,mr4 ,abbey 0 ask$ to decorate ! walls ( ! ,deliv]y ,room1 ,mr4 ,s>g5t1 also an ,am]ican1 receiv$ a commission to decorate bo? ends ( ?is hall or gall]y4 ,he 0 paid fifte5 ?\s& doll>s = ! "w4 ,s successful 0 he 9 pleas+ ! p1 & s mu* en?usiasm 0 ar\s$1 t imm$iately an additional sum ( fifte5 ?\s& doll>s 0 rais$ by popul> subscription1 & ,mr4 ,s>g5t 0 urg$ to complete ! decoration ( ! entire hall4 ,! 8,frieze ( ! ,prophets0 is only a "p ( ! decorations ( ,s>g5t ,hall4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t has describ$ ! complete s*eme ( decoration z repres5t+ 8! triumph ( religion1 %[+ ! developm5t ( religion f e>ly confus+ beliefs to ! wor%ip ( ! "o ,god ^u ! basis ( ! ,law & ! ,prophets40 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,elijah1 ,moses1 ,jo%ua4 ,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets ,,moses ,"o glance at ! picture tells u t ! c5tral figure1 t ( ,moses1 is ! mo/ important among ! n9ete5 prophets repres5t$4 ,( all ! prophets ,moses is consid]$ ! mo/ ideal & sup]human1 & ?us ,mr4 ,s>g5t has tri$ to repres5t him4 ,by us+ m conv5tional l9es1 & by model+ ! figure 9 l[ relief s t x /&s out f ! re/ ( ! picture1 he has produc$ ?is di/+ui%+ effect4 ,! face1 be>d1 %\ld]s1 arms1 & ,tables ( ! ,law /& out 9 ! pa9t+ z if !y 7 c>v$ f /one4 ,9 fact1 z we look at him we ?9k m ( a monum5t ?an ( a pa9t+4 ,! w+s cross$ s /iffly make ! figure seem all ! m erect1 :ile ! fea!rs seem to s5d out rays ( light ov] ! entire picture4 ,! e>ne/ face ) its deep-set eyes sugge/s ! /r5g? & c\rage ( t great lead] :o felt t ^u him lay ! responsibility = ! re/less1 ignorant idolat]s :om he 0 to lead4 ,:5 we read ! /ory ( ! prophet's life we are fill$ ) wond]4 ,f ! v fir/ x 0 unusual4 ,moses 0 born at ! "t :5 ! wick$ k+ ( ,egypt comm&$ t all boy babies ( ! ,israelites %\ld be dr[n$4 ,b 8 "m kept him hidd5 until he 0 ?ree mon?s old4 ,!n %e plac$ him 9 a small boat or ark :i* %e pu%$ out among ! flags & grasses ( ! riv]4 ,we all "k h[ ! daught] ( ,ph>aoh f\nd ! *ild & adopt$ him z h] own son4 ,%e nam$ him ,moses1 mean+ 8to draw out10 =1 z %e said1 %e _h drawn him out ( ! wat]4 ,gr[n to manhood among ! ,egyptians1 8 op5 sympa?y = 8 own p caus$ him to be bani%$4 ,!n1 9 ! vision ( ! burn+ bu%1 :i* burns yet nev] is consum$1 ! ,"l appe>$ to him & told him t he 0 to deliv] ! p ( ,israel out ( ! h&s ( ! ,egyptians4 ,b :5 he 0 told to g to speak to ,ph>aoh 8 c\rage des]t$ him1 & x 0 n until aft] sev]al miracles _h be5 p]=m$ & div9e help promis$ t he 0 will+ to g4 ,a>on1 bro!r ( ,moses1 w5t ) him to ask ,ph>aoh to p]mit ! ,israelites to g on a ?ree days' j\rney into ! wild]ness to (f] sacrifices to ! ,"l4 ,b ,ph>aoh only laugh$ at !m4 ,a great _m dreadful ?+s _h to happ5 to ,ph>aoh's p be=e he w\ld give 8 cons5t--! wat] 0 turn$ to blood2 ! l& 0 cov]$ ) frogs1 & lice1 & flies2 ! cattle 7 afflict$ ) a dreadful disease2 man & bea/ 7 cov]$ ) runn+ sores2 hail de/roy$ mo/ ( ! crops2 locu/s came to dev\r ! re/1 & ! :ole c\ntry1 except ! l& 9 :i* ! ,israelites dwelt1 0 ca/ into d>kness4 ,dur+ ea* ( ^! sc\rges ,ph>aoh w\ld s5d = ,moses & beg him to ask ,god to deliv] ! l&1 say+ he w\ld let ! ,israelites g4 ,b z soon z ! dang] 0 remov$ he w\ld refuse to keep 8 promise4 ,!n came ! mo/ dreadful sc\rge ( all--! dea? ( ! fir/-born 9 e ,egyptian home4 ,aga9 ,ph>aoh _h fail$ to he$ ! w>n+ ( ,moses4 ,!re 0 weep+ & wail+ 9 ,egypt t day1 = e home lo/ a lov$ "o4 ,9 great ha/e ! k+ s5t mess5g]s to ,moses1 giv+ ! ,israelites 8 cons5t to g & ev5 urg+ !m on _! way4 ,s ) _! families & _! worldly goods ! ,israelites />t$ out 9 se>* ( ! promis$ l& "u ! lead]%ip ( ,moses & ,a>on4 ,!y _h sc>cely begun _! we>y j\rney be=e ,ph>aoh regrett$ hav+ all[$ !m to g1 & s5t spies & an army aft] !m4 ,b a 8pill> ( cl\d0 came betwe5 ! two camps & hid ! ,israelites t night4 ,9 ! morn+ ! ,r$ ,sea1 ov] :i* !y mu/ cross1 divid$ be=e !m & !y walk$ across on dry l& betwe5 ! walls ( wat]4 ,:5 !y _h pass$1 ! wat]s clos$ 9 aga9 & de/roy$ ! pursu+ ,egyptians4 ,!n comes ! wond]ful hi/ory ( ^? =ty ye>s' w&]+s 9 ! wild]ness1 l$ by cl\ds by day & pill>s ( fire by night1 until ! ,israelites rea*$ ! promis$ l&4 ,dur+ all ?is "t1 "u ! guidance ( ! ,"l1 ,moses taught 8 p & direct$ !m 9 all _! affairs4 ,yet !y 7 n capable ( und]/&+ 8 great spiritual convictions1 = at "o "t1 :5 ,moses rema9$ on ,m\nt ,s9ai =ty days & =ty nights commun+ ) ,god1 he f\nd ^u 8 return t 8 p _h made !mselves an idol & 7 wor%ip+ x4 ,_! fai? seems nev] to h be5 v /rong1 & !y 7 con/antly 9 ne$ ( ! help & enc\ragem5t ( _! great lead]4 ,f ,m\nt ,s9ai1 ,moses br\ght !m ! two /one tablets1 ) ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts writt5 ^u !m4 ,9 8 picture ,mr4 ,s>g5t has repres5t$ ,moses ) two little horns on 8 =ehead4 ,aft] ,moses came d[n f ,m\nt ,s9ai1 :]e ,god _h spok5 to him1 8 face %one1 or1 z ! ,bible says1 8s5t =? beams or horns ( light40 ,^! horns are also %[n v di/9ctly 9 ,mi*elangelo's wond]ful /atue ( ,moses4 ,"h we see him repres5t$ z a sort ( spiritual giant1 hold+ t[>d u = our obs]vance ! two /one tablets conta9+ ! ,t5 ,comm&m5ts ^u :i* all ,*ri/ian liv+ %\ld be bas$4 ,,jo%ua ,dur+ ! =ty ye>s' w&]+ 9 ! wild]ness _m ho/ile tribes 7 enc\nt]$ & _h to be subdu$4 ,!n a "y man1 /rong1 en]getic1 & skillful 9 arms1 came =w>d to lead ! army4 ,?is "y lead] 0 ,jo%ua1 repres5t$ at ! "r ( ,moses 9 ! act ( %ea?+ 8 sword4 ,moses himself saw ! promis$ l& f> (f f ! top ( a m\nta94 ,! ,"l _h told him to g !re to look ^u x1 z he c\ld n live to rea* x4 ,moses !n sp5t 8 la/ days in/ruct+ 8 p & _! new lead]1 ,jo%ua ! w>rior1 :o 0 to guide !m to ! end ( _! j\rney4 ,hav+ receiv$ ! promise ( div9e help1 ! ,israelites "u _! new lead] aga9 took up ! m>*4 ,:5 !y rea*$ ! ,riv] ,jordan1 x1 l ! ,r$ ,sea1 divid$ & all[$ !m to walk ov] on dry l&2 ! gu>d$ massive walls ( ,j]i*o fell t !y might ent] & possess ! l&4 ,b !re 7 /ill o!r ho/ile tribes to be conqu]$ be=e !y c\ld feel t ! l& 0 really !irs4 ,!y 7 successful 9 all _! battles except "o1 9 :i* defeat came to !m because "o man _h /ol5 plund] & hidd5 x 9 8 h\se contr>y to 8 promise to ,god4 ,! s9 confess$1 victory return$4 ,:5 all ! l& 0 conqu]$ x became ,jo%ua's duty to divide x among ! diff]5t tribes1 a long & difficult task4 ,?is accompli%$1 he ga!r$ 8 p toge!r & told !m t 8 "t ( lead]%ip 0 ab\t to end4 ,!n he made !m decide = !mselves :e!r !y w\ld h5ce=? wor%ip idols or ! "o ,god4 ,!y v[$ !y w\ld wor%ip ! "o ,god1 & ,jo%ua caus$ !m to erect a monum5t z a rem9d] ( _! v[4 ,9 our picture ! simple1 /raight l9es ( ! figure ( ,jo%ua are sugge/ive ( ! det]m9$1 =ceful "* ( ! man4 ,!y give an impression ( great /r5g?4 ,notice h[ ! light falls ^u 8 uprais$ arm & ! /raight folds ( 8 g>m5t4 ,x seems to come directly f ! w+s ( ! figure ( ,moses1 z if to ackn[l$ge ! wisdom & inspiration :i* ,jo%ua receiv$ f ! great lead]4 ,! face ( ,jo%ua1 half hidd5 "u 8 hood1 is ?\ghtful yet det]m9$4 ,"h is a man ( /rong1 /eady purpose1 press+ on p]si/5tly until he1 ) all 8 p1 %\ld rea* ! promis$ l&4 99 99 99 99 99 ,( a q diff]5t type is ! prophet ,elijah1 :om we see at ! left ( ,moses4 ,?is en?usia/ic lead]1 reg>dless ( physical com=ts or e>?ly pleasures1 b5ds all 8 en]gies t[>d ! "o great cause4 ,8 complete =getfulness ( self is well repres5t$ "h by ! c>eless drap]ies1 ! int5se feel+ 9 ! face1 & ! /ra9$ muscles ( ! neck & arms4 ,we "k little ab\t 8 life until ! "t :5 he 0 s5t z mess5g] to ! palace ( ! wick$ ,k+ ,ahab4 ,?is k+ ov] ! ,israelites liv$ 9 a magnific5t palace made ( ivory & gold1 ) beautiful g>d5s ab\t x4 ,b 8 wife1 ,jezebel1 0 a wick$ woman1 & a wor%ip] ( idols1 & %e p]suad$ ,ahab to build a great temple to "o ( h] gods1 ,baal1 & to wor%ip ) h]4 ,"o day1 )\t any w>n+1 a /range-look+ man we>+ a cloak ( camel's hair & c>ry+ a /rong /aff 9 8 h&1 appe>$ be=e ,ahab 9 ! ?rone room ( 8 magnific5t palace4 ,x 0 ,elijah1 & )\t ev5 b[+ to ! k+ or %[+ him any respect :atev]1 he deliv]$ ?is dreadful message 9 a l\d voice3 8,z ! ,"l ,god ( ,israel live?1 be=e :om ,i /&1 !re %all n be dew nor ra9 ^! ye>s1 b accord+ to my ^w40 ,be=e ! a/oni%$ k+ c\ld answ]1 ,elijah _h disappe>$4 ,!n ! ,"l w>n$ ,elijah to hide by a c]ta9 brook call$ ,*]i?1 = ,ahab w\ld pursue him4 ,"h he liv$ ?ree mon?s1 f$ by ! rav5s & hid+ 9 caves 9 ! rocks1 = ?is brook 0 hidd5 betwe5 two hills ( rock cov]$ ) leaves4 ,b soon ! brook became dry1 = !re _h be5 no ra94 ,!n aga9 came ! message ( ! ,"l1 tell+ him to g to a c]ta9 wid['s home _m miles away1 :]e he w\ld be tak5 c>e (4 ,z ,elijah ne>$ ! gates ( ! city :]e %e liv$1 he met a woman ga!r+ /icks4 ,he ask$ h] = "s wat] & bread1 b %e told him %e _h j en\gh meal to make "o little cake = h]self & h] small son4 ,aft] t !y mu/ die1 = %e 0 v poor4 ,%e _h be5 ga!r+ ! /icks to bake ! cake4 ,!n ,elijah told h] to make a cake = him fir/1 & n to be afraid1 = ! ,"l _h told him h] meal & oil %\ld n give out be=e ! ra9 came4 ,%e did z he said1 &1 sure en\gh1 %e _h z mu* meal & oil z be=e4 ,!n %e knew ?is to be a man ( ,god1 & (f]$ to let him /ay 9 h] home4 ,elijah rema9$ !re two ye>s1 dur+ :i* "t ! dr\ght cont9u$ ov] ,israel1 & ,ahab s\ght ! prophet 9 va94 ,!n came ! voice ( ! ,"l comm&+ him to g aga9 to ! k+ ) a message4 ,ahab 0 v angry :5 ,elijah aga9 appe>$2 b ,elijah 0 n afraid4 ,he ord]$ ,ahab to ga!r all ! ,israelites at ,m\nt ,c>mel & to br+ !re also ! prophets ( ,baal1 ! hea!n god4 ,b ! wick$ ,jezebel _h caus$ all ! prophets ( ! ,israelites to be put to dea?1 s t ,elijah 0 alone aga9/ ! f\r hundr$ & fifty prophets ( ,baal4 ,:ile he wait$1 ,elijah sp5t ! "t 9 pray]4 ,:5 all 7 ga!r$ at ,m\nt ,c>mel1 ! k+ 9 8 royal purple robes1 ! false prophets 9 _! :ite robes & high po9t$ caps1 & all ! att5dants1 (fic]s1 & s]vants1 ! great figure ( ,elijah loom$ up be=e !m1 dem&+ 9 a l\d voice h[ long !y 7 go+ to take to decide :e!r to s]ve ,god or ,baal4 ,none d>$ reply4 ,he told !m to br+ two ox52 "o1 ! prophets ( ,baal %\ld prep>e = sacrifice1 ! o!r he %\ld prep>e4 ,ea* %\ld call ^u 8 ,god1 & ! ,god t answ]$ by fire %\ld be supreme4 ,! p ?\ght ?is v fair1 z ,baal 0 suppos$ to be ! god ( fire4 ,! prophets ( ,baal 7 all[$ to try fir/4 ,9 va9 !y call$ to ! sun1 & danc$ ab\t ! alt>1 wav+ _! arms wildly1 begg+ ,baal to he> !m & to s5d ! fire--b !re 0 no response4 ,is x any wond] ,elijah said to !m3 8,cry al\d3 = he is a god2 ei!r he is talk+1 or he is pursu+1 or he is 9 a j\rney1 or p]adv5ture he sleepe?1 & mu/ be awak$40 ,!y cont9u$ _! supplication all day1 b to no avail4 ,!n ,elijah call$ ! p close ar\nd him1 prep>$ 8 (f]+1 & comm&$ !m to p\r wat] ov] x sev]al times & also to fill ! dit* surr\nd+ x ) wat]1 t !y might be fully p]suad$4 ,!n ,elijah's pray] 0 imm$iately answ]$ by a fire1 :i* n only burn$ up ! (f]+ b lick$ up ! wat] ar\nd x4 ,!n ! p 7 p]suad$1 ! false prophets 7 sla91 & ra9 desc5d$ ^u ! l&4 ,b ,jezebel 0 v angry :5 %e he>d ^! ?+s1 & s5t ^w to ,elijah t he1 too1 %\ld %>e ! fate ( ! prophets ( ,baal4 ,elijah fl$4 ,x 0 at ?is "t he re/$ 8"u a junip] tree10 :i* has s9ce be5 kn[n z an expression ( disc\ragem5t4 ,aga9 came ! message ( ! ,"l1 s5d+ him to ! l& ( ,israel1 :]e he %\ld proclaim 8 successor1 ,eli%a4 ,elijah sp5t ! re/ ( 8 life in/ruct+ "y m51 ( :om ,eli%a 0 8 mo/ devot$ foll[]4 ,:5 8 "w 0 ov] he 0 tak5 up into heav5 9 a *>iot ( fire4 ,,daniel ,next to ,elijah 9 ! frieze /&s ,daniel1 t /an* lead] :om no?+ c\ld dismay1 n ev5 ! fe> ( be+ plac$ 9 ! lions' d54 ,he does n look z if he c\ld easily be p]suad$ to turn aside f :at he believ$ 0 "r4 ,! fix$ folds ( 8 g>m5t correspond ) 8 features & 8 "* z we "k x4 ,9 8 h&s he c>ries a piece ( p>*m5t ^u :i* is inscrib$ 9 ,hebrew1 8,& !y t be wise %all %9e40 ,8 0 an unusual life full ( /range exp]i5ces4 ,he 0 f\rte5 ye>s old :5 ! p ( ,judah 7 tak5 captives to ,babylon by ! victori\s ,k+ ,nebu*adnezz>4 ,daniel 0 *os5 ) sev]al o!r boys to be tra9$ z pages = ! k+2 !n _m /range ?+s happ5$ to him4 ,9 ! fir/ place 8 "n 0 *ang$ f ,daniel1 :i* means 8,god is my judge10 to ,belte%azz>1 aft] "o ( ! idols ( ! ,babylonians4 ,all ! pages 7 giv5 ^! /range hea!n names4 ,!y 7 treat$ v k9dly b 7 expect$ to eat ! ri* food f ! k+'s table1 mo/ ( :i* _h be5 (f]$ to ! idols4 ,illu/ration3 ,amos1 ,nahum1 ,ezekiel1 ,daniel4 ,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets ,:5 ,daniel f\nd ?is out he made 8 fir/ /& = :at he believ$ 0 "r4 ,feel+ t x 0 wrong to eat ?is food1 he p]suad$ ?ree ( ! o!r boys to g ) him & ask ! k+'s (fic]s to give !m pla9] food4 ,! (fic]s cons5t$ to te/ ?is diet ) ! f\r boys1 & at ! end ( ?ree mon?s f\nd !y _h ga9$ 9 /r5g? m ?an ! o!r pages1 :o _h cont9u$ to eat ! ri* food2 & s ,daniel's reque/ 0 grant$4 ,all ! pages _h to /udy v h>d1 = !y _h to le>n ! language ( ! ,babylonians besides _m o!r ?+s4 ,:5 !y 7 br\ght be=e ! k+ to be exam9$ ?ree ye>s lat]1 ,daniel & 8 ?ree fri5ds 7 f\nd to be ! brighte/ s*ol>s ( all4 ,p began to look up to !m1 & to call !m v wise4 ,n long aft] ?is ,k+ ,nebu*adnezz> _h a v /range dream1 b :5 he woke up 9 ! morn+ he c\ld n rememb] :at x 04 ,he call$ 8 wise m5 toge!r1 b none c\ld tell him :at he _h dream$4 ,he became v angry & ord]$ !m all put to dea?1 ev5 ,daniel & 8 fri5ds1 :om he ?\ght ought to be wise en\gh to tell him4 ,all t night ,daniel & 8 fri5ds pray$ = help1 until1 utt]ly we>y1 !y fell asleep4 ,9 a dream ! ,"l told ,daniel :at to tell ! k+4 ,k+ ,nebu*adnezz>'s dream _h be5 ab\t 8 k+dom1 & :o %\ld rule aft] him1 & he 0 amaz$ t "o s "y z ,daniel %\ld tell him :at he _h dream$ & :at ! dream meant4 ,he gave ,daniel _m pres5ts & made him a great rul]4 ,daniel cont9u$ 9 favor ) ,nebu*adnezz>'s successor1 ,d>ius4 ,s mu* 0 he favor$ t ! o!r (fic]s ( ! k+ wi%$ to de/roy him4 ,appeal+ to 8 vanity1 !y p]suad$ ,d>ius to set aside ?irty days 9 :i* all 8 p %\ld pray to him j z if he 7 a god4 ,he made ?is dreadful law among 8 p1 :o 7 ,m$es & ,p]sians4 ,( c\rse we "k h[ ,daniel cont9u$ to pray to ,god1 0 wat*$1 & report$ to ! k+4 ,!n ,k+ ,d>ius saw ! trap :i* 8 (fic]s _h set = ,daniel4 ,he 0 greatly di/ress$1 b n ev5 a k+ c\ld *ange a law among ! ,m$es & ,p]sians4 ,he _h said t any "o :o disobey$ 8 law %\ld p]i% 9 ! d5 ( lions4 ,b we "k h[ ,daniel 0 tak5 c>e (2 h[ ! k+ rejoic$ to f9d him alive ! next morn+2 & h[ all ! p m>vel$ & believ$ 9 ! ,god :o _h sav$ him4 ,at ?is "t ,daniel 0 eighty ye>s old4 ,god s5t "s wond]ful dreams to him1 & he 0 able to prophesy _m ?+s t %\ld happ5 to ! ,jews4 ,x 0 ?r\gh him t !y 7 deliv]$ f _! captivity4 ,,j]emiah ,at ! "r ( ,jo%ua we see ,j]emiah1 ! prophet :o s bitt]ly lam5t$ ! afflictions ( 8 p4 ,he is (t5 call$ ! 8weep+ prophet40 ,s ,mr4 ,s>g5t has repres5t$ him 9 t attitude ( grief & disc\ragem5t1 /&+ !re ) 8 eyes ca/ d[n 9 sorr[ful m$itation4 ,8 :ole life 0 sp5t 9 :at seem$ a fruitless /rife aga9/ ! evils ( 8 "t1 = 8 w>n+s 7 disreg>d$1 & 8 p 7 hurry+ t[>d _! de/ruction4 ,illu/ration3 ,j]emiah1 ,jonah1 ,isaiah1 ,habakkuk4 ,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets ,mr4 ,s>g5t has made u feel ! hopeless despair ( ?is /rong man :o tri$ s h>d to save 8 p f all ! mis]y !y s willfully br\ght ^u !mselves4 ,he ev5 w5t ab\t ! /reets we>+ a yoke on 8 neck1 to symbolize ! com+ s]vitude ( ! nation :i* refus$ to he$ 8 w>n+s & rep5t4 ,8 life 0 9 con/ant dang]2 he 0 imprison$1 ?r[n into a damp1 un:olesome ci/]n1 & 0 (t5 oblig$ to hide = mon?s 9 caves among ! rocks to escape ! k+'s ang]4 ,o!r prophets c\ld decl>e ,god's protection & hold out "s hope = ! good to come1 b ,j]emiah's message spoke only ( evil & sorr[4 ,x took great c\rage to g ab\t on s unpopul> & sad a mission1 )\t ev5 a miracle to prove 8 words true1 & always alone among p :o 7 unfri5dly & did n believe 9 him4 ,! fir/ "o ( ,j]emiah's pr$ictions to come true 0 :5 ,daniel & ! ,israelites 7 tak5 captives to ,babylon by ,k+ ,nebu*adnezz>4 ,aga9 he w>n$ !m n to g into ,egypt1 b !y n only w5t b compell$ him to g ) !m4 ,! la/ we he> ( ,j]emiah is 9 ,egypt1 urg+ 8 p to give up _! idols & wor%ip ,god4 ,he is inde$1 z ,mr4 ,s>g5t has repres5t$ him1 8! prophet ( sorr[02 & yet ! figure is "o ( /r5g?4 ,nei!r 9 8 face nor 9 8 be>+ is !re any sign ( indecision or turn+ back4 ,,jonah ,next1 p>tly hidd5 f view1 we see ,jonah1 ! unwill+ prophet1 :o tri$ to run away :5 ! ,"l told him to take 8 message ( w>n+ to ,n9eveh4 ,! p 9 ?is city 7 kn[n to be v wick$1 & ,jonah fe>$ !y might kill him1 s he took a boat & />t$ away 9 ano!r direction4 ,we all "k ( ! fe>ful /orm t arose & h[ ! sailors pray$ to _! gods & urg$ ,jonah to pray to 84 ,b ,jonah c\ld n pray to ,god :5 he 0 disobey+ ,him4 ,!n ! sailors drew lots1 z 0 ! cu/om1 to f9d out :o _h s9n$ & br\ght ! fe>ful /orm ^u !m4 ,! lot fell to ,jonah1 :o told !m h[ he _h run away f ,n9eveh4 ,he urg$ ! sailors to ?r[ him ov]bo>d1 say+ ! sea w\ld !n be /ill4 ,! m5 did n want to d ?is1 b1 fe>ful le/ all %\ld be lo/1 !y f9ally ?rew him ov]bo>d4 ,at once ! w9d di$ d[n & ! sea 0 /ill4 ,we "k h[ ! :ale 0 s5t to swall[ ,jonah & to c>ry him safely to ! %ore1 :]e he 0 left1 n[ v will+ to deliv] 8 message to ,n9eveh4 ,he 0 to tell ^! wick$ p t 9 =ty days _! city w\ld be ov]?r[n4 ,he w5t ab\t ! /reets dress$ 9 a r\gh camel's-hair cloak1 v mu* l ,elijah1 & call$ out 8 prophecy 9 a l\d voice4 ,no wond] ! p 7 fright5$1 & :5 he told !m h[ he _h n want$ to br+ ! message & _h be5 =c$ to1 !y 7 m fright5$ ?an ev]4 ,all ! p1 & ! k+ too1 wept & pray$ ,god = =giv5ess1 nei!r eat+ nor dr9k+4 ,!n ,god he>d _! pray]s & =gave !m1 & _! city 0 n de/roy$4 ,b ,jonah felt v mu* hurt because 8 message _h n prov$ true4 ,he ?\ght only ( himself1 & felt t he _h be5 *eat$4 ,he w5t away by himself & built a small place ( %elt] j outside ! walls ( ! city4 ,"h he sat & wait$1 /ill hop+ ,n9eveh w\ld be de/roy$4 ,sudd5ly a tree sprang up1 its d5se leaves protect+ him f ! hot sun4 ,jonah 0 greatly pleas$ & refre%$1 b ! tree z sudd5ly )]$1 & he 0 left griev+ = x4 ,god !n spoke to him & ask$ him h[ he c\ld grieve = ! tree1 yet h>d5 8 he>t aga9/ ! p ( ,n9eveh1 :o _h rep5t$4 ,j]emiah's greate/ grief 0 t ! p w\ld n he$ 8 w>n+s1 :ile ,jonah felt aggriev$ because 8 prophecy 0 n fulfill$4 ,9 ! picture we see ,jonah read+ a scroll be>+ ! "o ^w 8,jehovah40 ,,isaiah ,,& ,,! ,,less] ,,prophets ,next to ,jonah we see ,isaiah1 ! en?usia/1 prophesy+ ! com+ ( ,*ri/'s k+dom4 ,note h[ ! light falls on ! head & %\ld]s1 & on ! uprais$ arms ( ! prophet1 & is e*o$1 s to speak1 by ! light on ! l[] folds ( 8 robe4 ,all l9es & lights lead ! eye upw>d1 ev5 z ,isaiah s\ght to lift 8 p up into a high]1 bett] _w4 ,he is ! hopeful figure 9 ?is gr\p ( f\r4 ,habakkuk /&s next ) 8 f>-see+ eyes miss+ ! heav5ly visions :i* surr\nd ,isaiah1 b see+ ! sorr[s & evils ( ! _w & try+ 9 va9 to rem$y !m4 ,! next gr\p to ! "r repres5ts ! ?ree prophets ( hope1 ,haggai1 ,malac*i1 & ,ze*>iah1 all po9t+ t[>d ! section ( ! wall :]e ,mr4 ,s>g5t's new pa9t+1 8,! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt10 w be plac$ :5 f9i%$4 ,! "o d\btful figure1 ,micah1 :o is look+ back1 s]ves to hold ?is section ( ! picture to ! o!r figures 9 ! frieze4 ,,ezekiel ,,& ,,! ,,less] ,,prophets ,at ! left-h& side ( ! frieze & next to ,daniel1 /&s ,ezekiel4 ,ezekiel liv$ at ! same "t z ,daniel &1 l him1 began 8 prophetic c>e] aft] he 0 exil$ to ,babylon4 ,dur+ ! tw5ty-sev5 ye>s ( 8 exile he kept 8 fell[ exiles in=m$ z to all dang]s :i* 7 besett+ & ?reat5+ _! p at home 9 ,j]usalem & ,judah4 ,8 book ab\nds 9 visions & poetical images4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t has giv5 him ! absorb$ expression ( "o :o sees beyond ! pres5t & ^: vision includes bo? evil & good4 ,illu/ration3 ,micah1 ,haggai1 ,malac*i1 ,ze*>iah4 ,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets ,nahum1 /&+ next to ,ezekiel1 seems to be pr$ict+ ! wick$ness & fall ( ,n9eveh1 ( :i* he has giv5 u su* a p[]ful & vivid acc\nt2 :ile ,amos d5\nces idolatry & ! s9s ( ! nations1 also pr$ict+ a bright] future = ! p ( ,israel4 ,! f\r figures 9 ! la/ panel to ! left ( ,moses repres5t ! prophets ( despair4 ,we _c fail to notice t among ! hopeful prophets !re is "o disc\rag$ figure1 :ile among ! prophets ( despair we f9d ! hopeful figure ( ,hosea4 ,obadiah1 ,joel1 & ,zephaniah urg$ _! p to rep5tance ( s91 & w>n$ !m ( disa/] to come1 b _! w>n+s 7 n he$$4 ,9 ! picture ,joel is attempt+ to %ut out ! sight ( ! fe>ful plague ( locu/s1 ( ! fam9e1 & ( ! dr\ght :i* he kn[s mu/ come to 8 p because !y w n rep5t4 ,! o!r two prophets seem cru%$ by a hopeless despair4 ,b love is ! keynote ( ,hosea's plead+s4 ,he speaks ( ! unqu5*able love ( ,jehovah = 8 err+ p4 ,x is int]e/+ to "k t ,mr4 ,s>g5t's favorite figure 9 ! frieze is ?is "y prophet 9 :ite1 ,hosea4 ,is x any wond] he %\ld *oose ?is "o8 ,! "n ,hosea means salvation4 ,9 him we see beauty1 grace1 & simplicity1 & we feel ! /eady purpose1 ! e>ne/ fai?1 ( t calm1 quiet face4 ,!re is no despair 9 t face or figure2 ! v folds ( 8 robe give u a feel+ ( /r5g? & /ability2 !y sugge/ m>ble4 ,illu/ration3 ,obadiah1 ,joel1 ,zephaniah1 ,hosea4 ,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets ,we are int]e/$ 9 ?is great mural pa9t+1 8,! ,frieze ( ! ,prophets10 n only = its intellectual & religi\s sugge/iv5ess1 b = its composition1 its masses ( d>k & light1 & its beauty ( =m4 ,ea* ( ! gr\ps ( figures is complete 9 itself1 yet by ! position ( ! figures & by ! light ^u !m1 ! frieze is held toge!r z "o composition4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t sp5t _m ye>s1 & /udi$ 8 ,bible v ?\ghtfully1 be=e he attempt$ to draw ?is great picture4 ,que/ions to help ! pupil und]/& ! picture4 ,:o 7 ! prophets8 ,:at _h !y to d ) ! developm5t ( religion8 ,:o pa9t$ ?is picture8 ,:]e is ! orig9al8 ,:at c y say ( ! composition ( ?is picture8 ( ! light & %ade8 ,:at d we call pa9t+s on a wall8 ,:at is !re unusual ab\t ?is pa9t+8 ,= :at d y admire x8 ,:y 0 ,moses giv5 ! mo/ important place 9 ?is picture8 ,tell ! /ory ( 8 life4 ,:y is he (t5 repres5t$ ) two little horns on 8 =ehead8 ,tell some?+ ab\t ea* "o ( ! prophets4 ,:i* "o is ,mr4 ,s>g5t's favorite8 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,c]ta9 pupils may be select$ to /udy & give orally a description ( diff]5t portions ( ?is picture4 ,,subjects ,,= ,,composition #a4 ,h[ ! ,prophets ,help$ 9 ! ,developm5t ( ,religion4 #b4 ,! ,mo/ ,int]e/+ ,prophet4 #c4 ,! ,mo/ ,pleas+ ,gr\p ( ,prophets4 #d4 ,life ( ! ,arti/4 #e4 ,reasons ,:y ,?is ,pa9t+ ,has ,become ,fam\s4 #f4 ,h[ ,fresco or ,mural ,pa9t+ ,is ,done4 ,! /ory ( ! arti/4 ,we are especially int]e/$ 9 ,mr4 ,s>g5t because he is "o ( ! liv+ ,am]ican arti/s :o has won fame bo? 9 8 own c\ntry & abroad4 ,al?\gh ,john ,s+] ,s>g5t 0 born 9 ,flor5ce1 ,italy1 we claim him z an ,am]ican because 8 p>5ts 7 ,am]icans & because he has always consid]$ himself an ,am]ican4 ,8 boyhood 0 sp5t 9 ,flor5ce1 :]e x 0 8 delight to w&] 9 ! art gall]ies4 ,he %[$ an e>ly tal5t = draw+1 & :5 he 0 n9ete5 ye>s old he w5t to ,p>is to become ! pupil ( "s ( ! be/ arti/s4 ,mr4 ,s>g5t is fam\s = 8 _m portraits z well z = 8 mural decorations4 ,he has travel$ ext5sively & has visit$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates _m times1 pa9t+ & exhibit+ 8 pa9t+s "h1 b mo/ ( 8 life has be5 sp5t 9 ,london1 :]e he is n[ liv+4 ,9 #aijh he 0 elect$ to ! ,royal ,academy4 ,he has won _m m$als ( honor = 8 pa9t+s1 & is a memb] ( ! lead+ art societies ( ,am]ica & ,europe4 ,among ! not$ pictures by ,mr4 ,s>g5t are3 8,c>nation ,lily1 ,lily ,rose10 8,fi%+ = ,oy/]s at ,cancale10 8,neapolitan ,*ildr5 ,ba?+10 8,el ,jaleo0 7,spani% ,dance71 8,fumes ( ,amb]gris10 8,ell5 ,t]ry z ,lady ,macbe?10 & 8,la ,c>m5ita40 ,z a portrait pa9t] ,mr4 ,s>g5t has be5 commission$ by m5 & wom5 ( high di/9ction 9 lit]>y1 political1 social1 & arti/ic life 9 ,am]ica & ,europe4 ,among 8 em95t sitt]s h be53 ,joseph ,*amb]la91 ,c>olus ,duran1 ,!odore ,roosevelt1 ,secret>y ,hay1 & ,octavia ,hill4 ,que/ions ab\t ! arti/4 ,:y d we feel an especial int]e/ 9 ,mr4 ,s>g5t8 ,:]e 0 he born8 ,:y d we claim him z an ,am]ican8 ,:]e did he /udy draw+ & pa9t+8 ,= :at k9d ( pa9t+s is he fam\s8 ,:]e does he live8 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,edw9 ,a4 ,abbey2 f a ,copley ,pr9t ,copyright by ,curtis ,cam]on1 ,publi%]s1 ,bo/on ,,galahad ,,! ,,deliv]]4 ,,! ,,holy ,,grail ,,! ,,holy ,,grail ,que/ions to ar\se int]e/4 ,h[ _m ( y h read ,t5nyson's ,! ,holy ,grail8 ,:at 0 ! ,holy ,grail8 ,:y did m5 seek x8 ,tell :at y c ( ,sir ,galahad & 8 adv5tures4 ,orig9al ,picture3 ,public ,libr>y1 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts4 ,arti/3 ,edw9 ,au/9 ,abbey 7b74 ,bir?place3 ,philadelphia1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,dates3 ,born1 #aheb2 di$1 #aiaa4 ,! /ory ( ! picture4 ,:5 ask$ to decorate ! walls ( ! ,deliv]y ,room ( ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y ,mr4 ,abbey plann$ to repres5t 8,! ,s\rces ( ,mod]n ,lit]ature10 ?9k+ ?is w\ld be mo/ appropriate1 z ,mr4 ,s>g5t _h *os5 8,! ,s\rces ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion0 = ! subject ( 8 pictures on ! walls ( a gall]y on ! ?ird floor ( ! same build+4 ,b z ,mr4 ,abbey read & /udi$ ! subject he became impress$ ) ! /ory ( ! ,holy ,grail1 :i* seem$ to be wov5 9 & out ?r\gh all our lit]ature4 ,he realiz$ also t he w\ld be ! fir/ to repres5t ?is subject 9 a l>ge decoration1 & t x 0 altoge!r wor?y ( 8 be/ ef=ts4 ,! pa9t+s occupy ! wall space betwe5 ! wa9scot & ! ceil+ ( ?is great room1 :]e books ( ! libr>y are giv5 out & return$4 ,! pictures are eight feet 9 height1 b v>y 9 l5g? f ! fir/1 8,! ,vision10 :i* is six feet long1 to ! fif?1 8,! ,ca/le ( ! ,grail10 :i* is ?irty-?ree feet long & ext5ds ! entire l5g? ( ! nor? wall4 ,mr4 ,abbey sp5t sev5 ye>s 9 c>eful rese>* "w be=e he 0 able to complete ^! pa9t+s4 ,he receiv$ fifte5 ?\s& doll>s = 8 "w4 ,accord+ to an old leg5d1 ! ,holy ,grail 0 ! cup f :i* ,*ri/ drank at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 ,x 0 b\ght f ,pilate by ,joseph ( ,arima?a1 :o caught 9 x ! div9e blood t fell f ,*ri/'s w\nds4 ,joseph plac$ ! cup 9 a ca/le1 :i* he kept gu>d$ night & day4 ,x 0 pass$ on to 8 desc5dants1 :o receiv$ ! *>ge 9 sacr$ tru/ & cont9u$ to gu>d x fai?fully4 ,! cup itself 0 mo/ my/]i\s & wond]ful4 ,x c\ld be se5 only by ^? :o 7 p]fectly pure 9 ^w1 ?\ght1 & de$4 ,if an evil p]son came ne>1 x 0 borne away z if by "s invisible h&1 completely disappe>+ f view4 ,! sight ( x 0 z food to ! "o to :om x 0 reveal$ & enabl$ him 8to live & to cause o!rs to live indef9itely )\t food10 gave him 8univ]sal k10 & made him invuln]able 9 battle4 ,b !re 0 "o ?+ x did n d4 ,no matt] h[ p]fect ! knight1 he c\ld /ill be tempt$4 ,he mu/ cont9ue to resi/ temptation z long z he liv$4 ,at l5g? !re came a k+1 keep] ( ! ,grail1 call$ ,am=tas1 ! ,fi%] ,k+1 :o 0 n /rong en\gh to resi/ temptation4 ,he yield$ to an evil en*antm5t & 0 sev]ely puni%$4 ,n only 0 ! sight ( ! ,grail d5i$ him1 b a spell 0 ca/ ^u him & all 8 c\rt s t !y liv$ 9 a sort ( trance1 nei!r sleep+ nor wak+4 ,?us !y mu/ rema9 until a knight pure 9 body & s\l %\ld come to break ! spell & set !m free4 ,little 0 kn[n ab\t ! en*ant$ ca/le1 :]e ! k+ & 8 m5 7 held 9 ! p[] ( ! spell1 b _m a "y man began to plan ! que/ ( ! ,grail4 ,he mu/ s live t by 8 good ?\ghts & de$s he might rea* ! en*ant$ ca/le1 see ! ,holy ,grail1 & s set free ! unhappy knights4 ,he mu/ be p]fect1 inde$1 if he w\ld a*ieve ?is1 & full ( c\rage1 p]sev]ance1 & pati5ce4 ,9 our picture we see ,sir ,galahad1 ! /a9less knight1 :o succe$s 9 8 que/ ( ! ,holy ,grail4 ,mr4 ,abbey has told ! /ory 9 fifte5 pictures1 beg9n+ ) ,sir ,galahad z a *ild4 8,,! ,,infancy ,,( ,,galahad10 ,,or 8,,! ,,vision0 ,galahad 0 ! son ( ,launcelot & ,ela9e1 = x 0 accord+ to an old prophecy t ^! two %\ld h a son :o %\ld become a great knight & f9d ! ,holy ,grail4 ,!y plac$ _! small son 9 a conv5t to be br\ght up by ! nuns4 ,9 ! fir/ picture we see ! *ild attract$ by a bright light visible to him alone4 ,he laughs 9 great delight & rea*es t[>d ! ,grail z he sees x gleam+ fi]y r$ ?r\gh its veil-l cov]+4 ,x is held 9 ! h&s ( an angel radiant 9 :ite z ! light f ! ,grail illum9es h] face & w+s4 ,%e is support$ by ! w+s ( doves1 ^u :i* %e seems to be borne along4 ,^! doves signify ! ,holy ,_s & are also repres5t$ z hov]+ ne> ! ,grail & act+ z in=mants conc]n+ good & evil4 ,! odor ( ! inc5se f ! ,grail furni%es a my/]i\s su/5ance to ! *ild :i* causes him to gr[ 9 m9d & body4 ,he is held high 9 ! arms ( a sweet-fac$ "y nun :o does n see ! vision b seems to feel vaguely t "s unusual ev5t is tak+ place4 ,9 ! orig9al pa9t+ ! blui% black ( h] out] robe ?r[s into great] prom95ce ! creamy :ite ( h] drap]ies z !y1 too1 are flood$ ) light f ! ,grail4 ,! backgr\nd gives ! effect ( heavy tape/ry & is made up ( tones ( blue & :ite embroid]$ 9 gold4 ,! figures ( lions & peacocks are us$ to signify ! resurrection4 8,,! ,,oa? ,,( ,,knigh?ood0 ,:5 ! *ild _h gr[n to manhood1 ,sir ,launcelot 0 summon$ to make him a knight4 ,9 ?is picture we see ,galahad 9 ! conv5t *apel1 :]e he has j pass$ ! night 9 pray] prep>atory to 8 dep>ture out into ! _w4 ,z he kneels at ! alt>1 he is clad 9 ! r$ robe :i* is worn by ! h]o ?r\gh\t ! s]ies ( pictures4 ,r$ is *os5 z ! color ( spiritual purity & means ! 8_s cleans$ by fire40 8,x /&s = activity1 conflict1 human ef=t ) ! k ( good & evil t imp>ts ! /r5g? to a*ieve ! good & resi/ ! evil40 ,! honor ( knigh?ood is conf]r$ ^u ,galahad by ,sir ,launcelot & ,sir ,bors1 :o c be se5 9 _! heavy armor kneel+ beh9d him4 ,!y fa/5 ! spurs ^u 8 feet z a signal t ! mom5t ( dep>ture has arriv$4 ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ,edw9 ,a4 ,abbey2 f a ,copley ,pr9t copyright by ,curtis ,cam]on1 ,publi%]s1 ,bo/on ,! ,oa? ( ,knigh?ood4 ,! ,holy ,grail ,! "t ( day is %[n by ! two c&les at ! alt> :i* h be5 burn+ all night & are n[ burn$ l[ 9 _! sockets1 & by ! fa9t e>ly light ( dawn :i* comes /eal+ 9 ?r\gh ! small w9d[s at ! left ( ! picture4 ,j beh9d ! knights /& a gr\p ( nuns1 hold+ tall c&les :i* light up ! d>k room & reflect on ! :ite robes & %9+ armor4 ,! int]ior decoration ( ! *ur* is pla9ly %[n4 ,our att5tion is drawn to ! qua9t crucifix j back ( ! kneel+ knights1 & ! figures surr\nd+ x4 ,! ar*itecture is t ( ! ,e>ly ,*ri/ian ,romanesque4 ,sir ,galahad's face is p>tly 9 %ad[1 z if lo/ 9 deep ?\ght4 ,b ! mom5t ( dep>ture has arriv$4 ,he w take up ! helmet1 :i* lies ne> him1 & leave ! conv5t = 8 fir/ glimpse ( ! outside _w4 ,he mu/ g to ! wise tea*]1 ,gurnemanz1 to le>n n only ! rules ( knigh?ood b ! ways ( ! _w1 be=e he may />t on 8 que/ ( ! ,holy ,grail4 8,,! ,,r\nd ,,table ,,( ,,k+ ,,ar?ur0 ,hav+ be5 fully in/ruct$ 9 all ! ways ( ! _w by ! good ,gurnemanz1 ,sir ,galahad />ts out on 8 que/4 ,fir/ he goes to ! ,r\nd ,table ( ,k+ ,ar?ur & 8 knights 9 ,camelot4 ,he f9ds !m hold+ a solemn meet+1 _! lead] hav+ j decl>$ t ?is is ! day :51 accord+ to prophecy1 ! /a9less knight %\ld come :o %\ld occupy ! ,siege ,p]il\s4 ,! ,siege ,p]il\s 0 a *air ov] :i* ! magician1 ,m]l91 _h ca/ a spell1 s t no man c\ld sit 9 x )\t p]il ( dea?4 ,ev5 ,m]l9 himself 0 lo/ :ile sitt+ 9 8 own *air4 ,only a blameless knight c\ld hope = safety 9 ?is p]il\s seat4 ,:ile ,ar?ur & ! knights are discuss+ ! prophecy1 !re sudd5ly appe>s a /range old man clo!d 9 :ite1 :om none has se5 be=e4 ,he comes t[>d ! ?rone ( ,k+ ,ar?ur1 lead+ ,sir ,galahad by ! h&4 ,! door & w9d[s quietly & my/]i\sly close ( !mselves2 ! room is fill$ ) a /range light4 ,! ,angel ( ! ,grail appe>s be=e !m1 & g5tly lifts ! r$ drap]y f ! *air4 ,! encircl+ *oir ( angels look on sil5tly z all read above ! *air1 9 lett]s ( fire1 ! flam+ words1 8,?is is ,galahad's seat40 ,?is picture %[s !m at t brea?less mom5t :5 ! lett]s ( gold5 light appe>$ ov] ! *air4 ,k+ ,ar?ur has ris5 f 8 seat to greet ,sir ,galahad2 a small page kneels beside ! k+1 :ile ! je/] half rises at ! wondr\s sight4 ,sir ,galahad we>s ! same r$ robe1 fa/5$ ) a gold5 br[n girdle--a gift f ! nuns :5 he 0 leav+ ! conv5t4 8,,! ,,dep>ture0 ,a wond]ful rock ( r$ m>ble has be5 discov]$1 protrud+ f ! surface ( a riv]4 ,f its side projects a %9+ sword :i* none has be5 able to draw out4 ,! k+ & 8 knights ha/5 to see ?is sword1 b none succe$s 9 mov+ x4 ,n[ ,sir ,galahad arrives & draws ! sword )\t ! slighte/ difficulty1 plac+ x 9 8 empty scabb>d1 :]e x fits exactly4 ,he also secures a %ield :i* _h be5 left = him by 8 ance/or1 &1 ?us arm$1 he is ready to />t out 9 se>* ( ! ,grail4 ,mo/ ( ! knights1 p]suad$ by ?is s]ies ( /range ev5ts t ,sir ,galahad is to be ! true knight1 decide to jo9 him 9 8 se>*4 ,be=e !y />t on _! long & p]il\s j\rney !y ga!r 9 ! *ur* = a f9al b5$iction4 ,s "h aga9 we see ! int]ior ( a *ur*4 ,! bi%op's h&s are rais$ 9 a p>t+ b5$iction ov] ! gr\p ( kneel+ knights clad 9 %9+ armor & hold+ _! lances erect4 ,_m /range bann]s float above !m4 ,sir ,galahad alone has b>$ 8 head4 ,8 helmet is on ! floor beside him4 ,o!r kneel+ prie/s may be se5 j beh9d ! bi%op4 ,! sc5e is "o ( solemnity & dignity4 8,,! ,,ca/le ,,( ,,! ,,grail ,,& ,,! ,,failure ,,( ,,galahad0 ,k+ ,am=tas1 keep] ( ! ,grail1 :o yield$ to temptation & s 0 d5i$ ! sight ( ! ,grail1 & 8 knights1 ^u :om 0 ca/ a fe>ful spell :i* 0 nei!r sleep+ nor wak+1 anxi\sly await ! arrival ( ,galahad4 ,b1 x is n en\gh t he %\ld come2 he mu/ ask a c]ta9 "q :i* alone c free !m f _! liv+ dea?4 ,"h we see ,sir ,galahad 9 ! en*ant$ ca/le1 a puzzl$ onlook]4 ,he looks sil5tly ab\t him at ! feeble old k+ & 8 wret*$ company4 ,he sees1 too1 ! procession ( ! ,grail1 :i*1 al?\gh ! k+ & 8 c\rt _c see x1 is con/antly pass+ be=e !m4 ,?is procession includes ! ,angel1 be>] ( ! ,grail1 a damsel c>ry+ a gold5 di%1 two knights :o c>ry sev5-bran*$ c&le/icks1 & a knight hold+ a ble$+ spe>4 ,sir ,galahad mu/ ask ! mean+ ( :at he sees & by 8 "q remove ! en*antm5t4 ,b1 ov]-confid5t 9 8 own k1 he tries to solve ! my/]y by himself1 & fails4 ,! procession ( ! ,grail is %[n to ! "r ( ! ?rone ^u :i* ,k+ ,am=tas half sits1 half recl9es1 :ile ! re/ ( ! weird company look solemnly on z ,sir ,galahad /&s transfix$ ) amazem5t & p]plexity because ! spell is n remov$ z he expect$4 ,because ( 8 failure to ask ! necess>y "q1 ^! p mu/ cont9ue to suff]4 ,sev]al ye>s lat] he returns1 a wis] man1 & releases !m4 ,p]sonal purity alone 0 n en\gh2 wisdom 0 necess>y1 & to secure ?is he mu/ ask a c]ta9 "q4 ,he c\ld n atta9 k ?r\gh himself alone1 b mu/ seek x f ! exp]i5ce & und]/&+ ( o!rs4 8,,! ,,loa?ly ,,damsel0 ,! next morn+ aft] 8 failure ! ca/le seems des]t$1 b :5 ,galahad />ts out he f9ds 8 horse saddl$ & wait+ = him4 ,! drawbridge is d[n1 s ?9k+ p]haps ! k+ & knights are 9 ! =e/1 he rides across ! bridge 9 se>* ( !m4 ,in/antly ! drawbridge closes ) a cra%1 & !re is a great s\nd ( groan+ & ( voices reproa*+ him = hav+ fail$ 9 8 que/4 ,! ca/le disappe>s f sight1 & ,galahad roams disconsolately 9 ! woods4 ,f9ally he sits d[n to re/ & ?9k4 ,he is ar\s$ by ! pass+ ( ?ree en*ant$ maid5s1 ! ,loa?ly ,damsel & h] two foll[]s4 ,9 ! picture we see h] rid+ a :ite mule ri*ly cap>ison$4 ,h] =m sugge/s beauty1 yet ! face is ugly & di/ort$1 h] head bald s t %e mu/ we> a hood4 ,9 h] h&s %e c>ries ! gha/ly head ( a k+ we>+ a cr[n1 & %e seems depress$ by h] burd54 ,=c$ by ! spell to g ab\t h>m+ mank9d aga9/ h] w1 %e is angry ) ,sir ,galahad = hav+ fail$ to release h]4 ,9 h] ang] %e reproa*es him = n hav+ ask$ ! "q :ile )9 ! ca/le1 & s "h = ! fir/ "t ,sir ,galahad le>ns :y he fail$4 ,once a beautiful woman1 ! ,loa?ly ,damsel mu/ ride ab\t ?us unhappily4 ,! head & %\ld]s are all t is visible ( ! second damsel1 app>5tly rid+4 ,! ?ird1 dress$ z a boy1 c>ries a sc\rge ) :i* %e =ces ! two mules onw>d4 ,sir ,galahad b[s 8 head 9 sil5ce at _! reproa*es1 humbly feel+ t he des]ves !m4 ,_m ye>s ( sorr[ & suff]+ mu/ pass be=e he c aga9 f9d ! ,ca/le ( ! ,grail4 8,,! ,,conque/ ,,( ,,! ,,sev5 ,,deadly ,,s9s0 ,cont9ually seek+ ! ,ca/le ( ! ,grail1 ,sir ,galahad w&]s ab\t 9 ?is en*ant$ l&4 ,at l5g?1 cat*+ a glimpse ( a /range ca/le1 he makes ha/e to rea* x1 & f9ds x to be ! ,ca/le ( ,imprison$ ,maid5s4 ,^! maid5s repres5t ! ,virtues2 & _! jail]s1 ! ,sev5 ,deadly ,s9s4 ,arriv+ at ! gate ( ! ca/le1 he f9ds x gu>d$ by ^! sev5 knights4 ,a fi]ce conflict ensues 9 :i* ,sir ,galahad is victori\s4 ,?is is ! only picture 9 ! s]ies 9 :i* he is repres5t$ 9 viol5t physical conflict2 ! o!rs repres5t m ( ! inn] spiritual conflict4 ,! sev5 knights1 we>+ heavy armor & c>ry+ imm5se %ields1 are repres5t$ 9 dull gray colors1 :ile our h]o1 we>+ 8 *a9 armor ov] 8 r$ robe1 is easily di/+ui%$ by ! %9+ gold ( 8 helmet & ! r$ ( 8 %ield4 8,,! ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,ca/le0 ,sir ,galahad defeats ! sev5 knights b he does n slay !m1 & !y turn & flee4 ,?is signifies t al?\gh ! sev5 s9s c no long] tr\ble ! pure s\l1 yet !y are /ill ab\t 9 ! _w4 ,pass+ ! out] gate1 ,sir ,galahad is greet$ by ! keep] ( ! inn] gate1 an ag$ man :o blesses him & gives him ! key to ! ca/le4 ,) helmet 9 h&1 ,sir ,galahad kneels rev]5tly be=e ! sa9tly man :o greets him k9dly z he holds t[>d him ! great key4 8,,galahad ,,deliv]s ,,! ,,captive ,,virtues0 ,sir ,galahad ent]s ! ca/le & is welcom$ by ! maid5s1 :o h long be5 expect+ him1 = x 0 accord+ to prophecy t a p]fect knight %\ld come to deliv] !m4 ,mr4 ,abbey has repres5t$ ^! maid5s z mo/ beautiful 9 =m & feature4 ,!y are dress$ 9 pale colors su* z blue1 :ite1 rose1 & lilac1 ri*ly embroid]$ ) gold4 ,our h]o is turn$ away f u z he humbly receives ! %yly (f]$ gratitude ( ! fair maid5s4 ,8 helmet & %ield may be se5 on ! floor beside him4 ,9 size & importance ?is l>ge picture is a sort ( companion picture to ! "o on ! opposite side ( ! room1 8,! ,r\nd ,table ( ,k+ ,ar?ur40 ,bo? are beautiful 9 color & symmetry4 8,,galahad ,,p>ts ,,f ,,8 ,,bride1 ,,blan*efleur0 ,hav+ releas$ ! imprison$ ,virtues t !y may g ab\t 9 ! _w do+ good1 ,sir ,galahad returns to ,k+ ,ar?ur's c\rt & m>ries ! ,lady ,blan*efleur1 to :om he _h become betro!d :ile a pupil ( ,gurnemanz4 ,on 8 w$d+ morn+ ! vision ( ! ,grail appe>s to him _m times1 & ! ?\ght ( poor old ,k+ ,am=tas1 await+ ! knight :o is to release him1 sadd5s ,galahad4 ,he is seiz$ ) a great desire to cont9ue 8 que/1 & f9d+ 8 "y bride 9 sympa?y ) 8 ambition1 he decides to />t out t day on 8 j\rney4 ,! picture repres5ts ! bride ,blan*efleur seat$ 9 h] w$d+ clo!s1 ! wrea? ( roses /ill on h] head & hold+ a bun* ( roses 9 h] h&s4 ,sir ,galahad waves 8 h& 9 p>t+1 prep>atory to donn+ 8 %ield & sword1 & goes =? to jo9 ! companion wait+ = him at ! gate4 ,! bride %[s no signs ( grief1 = %e kn[s x is accord+ to ! prophecy t he %\ld successfully accompli% 8 que/1 & %e feels ! high purpose :i* calls him4 ,& ,galahad goes =? ) r5ew$ fai? & inspiration to ! f9al accompli%m5t ( 8 great que/4 8,,am=tas ,,releas$ ,,by ,,galahad0 ,aft] _m days he aga9 f9ds ! ,ca/le ( ! ,grail4 ,^u ent]+1 he sees ! same procession pass+ be=e ! unsee+ eyes ( ! suff]+ ,k+ ,am=tas & 8 unhappy knights4 ,z be=e1 he _c und]/& x1 b gr[n wis] by 8 h>d-e>n$ exp]i5ce1 he n[ kn[s t he mu/ ask ! "q4 ,8 ke5 sympa?y = ! k+ br+s ! involunt>y "q to 8 lips1 8,:at aile? !e1 ,o ,k+8 ,& :at mean ^! ?+s80 ,at 8 words ! spell is brok51 & all is light & life aga94 ,b ,k+ ,am=tas wi%es = no?+ m 9 life ?an to be p]mitt$ to die 9 peace4 ,s 9 ?is picture we see ,sir ,galahad affectionately b5d+ ov] ! dy+ ,am=tas z he lifts him up t he may see ! vision ( ! ,grail1 at la/ made visible to him aga94 ,! ,angel is c>ry+ x away f ! ca/le1 & x is n se5 aga9 until ,sir ,galahad f9ally a*ieves x at ,s>ras4 8,,galahad ,,! ,,deliv]]0 ,n only has ,sir ,galahad releas$ ! inmates ( ! en*ant$ ,ca/le ( ! ,grail1 b he has remov$ ! spell t 0 ^u all ! c\ntry r\nd1 ! ,loa?ly ,damsel1 & all o!rs4 ,b he has n yet a*iev$ ! ,grail itself4 ,s he />ts out once m on 8 noble :ite *>g]1 surr\nd$ by ! grateful p1 *ief among !m ! ,loa?ly ,damsel :o s bitt]ly upbraid$ him at 8 fir/ failure4 ,n[ re/or$ to beauty & virtue1 %e is kneel+ 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! picture4 ,! h]o rides erect1 c>ry+ 8 bann]1 & look+ /raight ahead4 ,we see ! h\ses ( ! p 9 ! backgr\nd1 & cat* a glimpse ( ! sea t[>d :i* ,sir ,galahad rides4 8,,! ,,voyage ,,to ,,s>ras10 ,,or 8,,solomon',s ,,%ip0 ,accord+ to ! leg5d x 0 9 ! "t ( ! wise ,k+ ,solomon t a %ip ( my/]i\s & wond]ful workman%ip _h be5 built4 ,j z ,k+ ,solomon 0 ab\t to g on bo>d /range lett]s ( fire1 writt5 9 ! air by an angel1 w>n$ him n to ent]4 ,z he /epp$ back1 ! %ip sudd5ly />t$ (f by itself & disappe>$ out to sea4 ,9 "s miracul\s way x _h be5 kept all ^! ye>s to fulfill its de/9y & br+ ,sir ,galahad to ,s>ras1 :]e he %\ld a*ieve ! ,grail4 ,& s1 com+ to ! %ore ( ! sea1 he f9ds !re ! %ip wait+ = him4 ,little is kn[n ( ! city ( ,s>ras1 except t x is suppos$ to h be5 9 ! ,holy ,l&1 & t ?is 0 ! place :]e ! ,holy ,grail 0 to be f\nd4 ,9 ! picture is repres5t$ ! voyage to ,s>ras on ,k+ ,solomon's %ip4 ,x is a frail-look+ %ip1 guid$ by ! ,angel ( ! ,grail1 gu>d+ h] treasure4 ,two knights1 ,p]cival & ,bors1 h be5 p]mitt$ to g ) ,sir ,galahad on ?is j\rney4 ,!y _c see ! ,grail itself1 hav+ s9n$ once1 yet _! fai? & p]si/5t se>* h made x possible = !m to g ) him4 8,,! ,,city ,,( ,,s>ras0 ,:5 !y arriv$ at ! city ( ,s>ras1 ,sir ,galahad's %ield 0 at once recogniz$1 & ! voyag]s 7 treat$ z holy m54 ,! knights w5t ab\t do+ good1 & ?r\gh ! p[] giv5 !m by _! purity !y 7 enabl$ to heal ! sick & ! crippl$4 ,! news ( _! good works ar\s$ ! jeal\sy & ang] ( ! wick$ k+ ( t c\ntry1 :o ca/ ! ?ree knights into prison4 ,"h !y 7 f$ by ! ,holy ,grail4 ,! wick$ k+ grew v ill & at la/ s5t = !m1 begg+ _! m]cy4 ,sc>cely _h !y grant$ x :5 ! k+ di$4 ,! :ole city proclaim$ ,galahad k+4 ,s "h 9 ?is picture we see ,galahad's sword & %ield laid aside1 8 adv5tures ov]4 ,?ree %ips are an*or$ 9 ! bay ( ! quiet city1 & ! tall build+s ) _! /ately t[]s are surr\nd$ by a great r$ wall4 8,,! ,,gold5 ,,tree ,,& ,,! ,,a*ievem5t ,,( ,,! ,,grail0 ,galahad _h be5 k+ ( ,s>ras ov] a ye> :5 sail+ "o day1 9 8 %ip1 he pray$ t 8:5 he might ask x1 he %\ld pass out ( ?is _w40 ,he is promis$ t 8 reque/ w be grant$ & t !n he %all see ! ,holy ,grail unveil$4 ,9 ?is picture ! ,gold5 ,tree signifies 8 "w on e>? complet$4 ,z he kneels & makes 8 reque/1 8 sword & %ield1 n[ useless1 fall f him & ! ,grail is reveal$ to 8 sight4 ,sev5 angels ) w+s ( crimson surr\nd him4 ,! ,grail is borne heav5w>d1 nev] to be se5 aga9 on e>?4 ,div9e wisdom has be5 atta9$4 ,que/ions to help ! pupil und]/& ! picture4 ,:]e are ! orig9al pa9t+s8 ,:y did ,mr4 ,abbey *oose ?is subject8 ,:at prep>ation did he make be=e he pa9t$ ^! pictures8 ,:at 0 ! leg5d ( ! ,holy ,grail8 ,:at p[] did ! ,holy ,grail n h8 ,:at happ5$ to ,k+ ,am=tas8 ,:y did ,sir ,galahad wi% to f9d ! ,grail8 ,:at 0 requir$ ( ! knight :o %\ld f9d x8 ,:at prep>ation did ,sir ,galahad make8 ,:at /range ev5ts made ! o!r knights decide to foll[ ,sir ,galahad8 ,:y did ,sir ,galahad fail :5 he rea*$ ! ,ca/le ( ! ,grail8 ,h[ did 8 failure affect ! p ab\t him8 ,tell ab\t ! conque/ ( ! ,sev5 ,deadly ,s9s4 ,:at became ( ! sev5 s9s1 & :at does t signify8 ,tell ab\t ,sir ,galahad's f9al success4 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,pupils may be ask$ to prep>e & give orally %ort descriptions ( at lea/ "o picture2 class discussions %\ld be enc\rag$4 ,aft] ! entire s]ies has be5 /udi$1 pupils may *oose "o ( ! pictures z a subject = ,engli% composition "w4 ,!y w be int]e/$ 9 read+ ,t5nyson's ,sir ,galahad1 ,! ,holy ,grail1 or o!r selections f ! ,idylls ( ! ,k+4 ,! /ory ( ! arti/4 ,mr4 ,edw9 ,au/9 ,abbey 0 born 9 ,philadelphia1 ,p5nsylvania4 ,he is "o ( ! few great ,am]ican arti/s :o has won fame bo? at home & abroad4 ,liv+ 9 ,philadelphia1 he att5d$ ! ,p5nsylvania ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts1 :i* he left at ! age ( n9ete5 to ent] ! art dep>tm5t ( ,h>p] & ,bro!rs1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,8 fir/ success came z an illu/rator = _! publications4 ,x 0 ?r\gh ! ,h>p]s1 too1 t he w5t to ,engl&1 = !y s5t him !re to ga!r mat]ial = "s poems :i* !y wi%$ him to illu/rate4 ,he 0 especially int]e/$ 9 lit]>y subjects1 & :ile 9 ,engl& prep>$ _m ( 8 be/ illu/rations1 among !m ^? = ,%akespe>e's com$ies & = ,goldsmi?'s ,%e ,/oops to ,conqu]4 ,8 wat] colors & pa/els 7 also v popul>4 ,8 mo/ important "w 9 oils--8,! ,holy ,grail10 is 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:5 ?is picture 0 almo/ f9i%$ he w5t1 at ! reque/ ( ,k+ ,edw>d ,,vii1 to pa9t a picture ( ! coronation4 ,! gr\ps ( figures1 ) _! elaborate co/umes & ri* color+1 (f]$ e inducem5t to "o :o s lov$ ^! ?+s4 ,mr4 ,abbey became v popul> 9 ,engl&4 ,he receiv$ _m m$als1 & all possible honors bo? at home & abroad4 ,,supplem5t>y ,,read+s ,idylls ( ! ,k+1 ,t5nyson4 ,! ,vision ( ,sir ,launfal1 ,l[ell4 ,! ,leg5d ( ! ,holy ,grail1 ,baxt]4 ,! ,que/ & ,a*ievem5t ( ! ,holy ,grail1 ,h5ry ,james4 ,h&book ( ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y4 ,que/ions ab\t ! arti/4 ,:o pa9t$ ?is picture8 ,:]e 0 he born8 ,:]e did he /udy8 ,h[ did he a*ieve 8 fir/ success8 ,h[ did he happ5 to g to ,engl&8 ,:at is 8 mo/ important "w8 ,:]e 0 x pa9t$8 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,f a ,copley ,pr9t copyright by ,curtis ,cam]on1 ,publi%]s1 ,bo/on ,,! ,,wolf ,,*>m] ,que/ions to ar\se int]e/4 ,:at does ?is picture repres5t8 ,:at is ! man do+8 ,:at effect does t h ^u ! wolves8 ,tell "s ( ! g5]al traits ( a wolf4 ,h[ _m ev] saw a tame wolf8 ,:y d y suppose !y h n become dome/icat$ l o!r animals8 ,on :at is ! man play+8 ,:y d y suppose ?is picture is call$ 8,! ,wolf ,*>m]08 ,:at k9d ( a picture w\ld y call x--reali/ic or imag9ative8 ,arti/3 ,john ,la ,f>ge 7l frzh'74 ,bir?place3 ,new ,york ,city1 ,new ,york4 ,dates3 ,born1 #ahce2 di$1 #aiaj4 ,! /ory ( ! picture4 ,! weird *>m ( ?is picture lies 9 ! /range1 elfi% sympa?y :i* ?is man seems to h ) ! evil-look+ wolves1 & is increas$ by our k ( ! nature & disposition ( ^? fi]ce creatures4 ,we h an in/9ctive fe> ( !m4 ,p]haps ?is is due to ! fact t v little good has ev] be5 said or writt5 ab\t a wolf4 ,hi/ory tells u t packs ( wolves once h[l$ ar\nd ! city ( ,p>is all night & ev5 tore p to pieces 9 ! v /reets ( ! city4 ,/ories are told ( travel]s pursu$ by hungry packs ( wolves & tales ( horror are br\ght by ! v few :o h escap$ ) _! lives4 ,leg5ds1 fables1 my?s1 & traditions :i* describe ! savage f]ocity ( ! wolf are num]\s4 ,h[ (t5 we he> ! expressions1--8a wolf 9 %eep's clo?+10 & 8keep ! wolf f ! door06 ,su* a reputation1 com+ f s e>ly a date1 we may be sure has a f\ndation 9 fact4 ,we h n be5 taught to fe> ^! animals )\t reason4 ,wolves are among ! wilde/ & fi]ce/ ( animals1 & f>!r remov$ f human association ?an any o!rs4 ,m5 h tri$ aga9 & aga9 to tame !m1 b h be5 successful only 9 r>e in/ances4 ,"s au?orities argue t ! fact t wolves h occasionally be5 tam$ goes to prove t ! wild1 f]oci\s disposition ( ! wolf is ! result ( circum/ances4 ,v r>e in/ances are kn[n 9 :i* ^! creatures h be5 captur$ & tam$1 foll[+ _! ma/]s l dogs1 ev5 mak+ good wat* dogs1 & le>n+ to b>k almo/ l a dog4 ,a m]*ant 9 ,petrograd drove a pair 9 h>ness1 hav+ tra9$ !m :5 v "y4 ,b !n we h ! /ory ( ! ,duke ( ,wrttemb]g1 :o kept a tame wolf 9 8 beautiful ,ca/le ( ,l\isburg4 ,x _h be5 tra9$ l a dog1 & _h nev] be5 kn[n to attack any "o4 ,b sudd5ly "o day )\t any provocation :atev] x flew at an (fic] & bit a piece out ( 8 *eek4 ,trea*]y1 caution1 & cunn+ are ! qualities usually attribut$ to wolves4 ,no "o has ev] accus$ !m ( /upidity1 h[ev]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 trapp]s h be5 amaz$ & *agr9$ by ! %rewdness display$ by ^! animals4 ,:5 traps h be5 plac$ to :i* a fuse ( gunp[d] 0 atta*$1 !y h frequ5tly be5 kn[n to gnaw ! /r+s s z to prev5t ! explosion1 & !n make away ) ! bait1 unh>m$4 ,only extreme hung]1 h[ev]1 w ev] drive !m ne> a trap4 ,wolves belong to ! same family z dogs & look v mu* l !m4 ,we c see 9 our picture t !y are ab\t ! same size z a l>ge dog1 only lean] & m gaunt1 & ) a wick$ expression on _! faces4 ,?is expression comes p>tly f ! eyes1 :i* are oblique or slant+1 ! pupils r\nd2 & p>tly f ! muzzle1 :i* is some:at long] ?an t ( mo/ dogs & displays _! cruel-look+ tee?4 ,! e>s are r small & are held erect4 ,wolves are v p[]ful & v active1 & _! claws & tee? are =midable ev5 to look at4 ,all _! s5ses seem unusually well develop$1 s t !y c he>1 smell1 & see an object long be=e we c\ld4 ,!y travel ) great spe$4 ,hunt]s tell u ( ! tireless gallop ) :i* !y pursue _! prey4 ,a horse c outrun !m1 b only :5 ! di/ance is n too great4 ,wolves are born 9 d>k cav]ns or 9 gloomy holes 9 trees or rocks4 ,!y are ( _m diff]5t k9ds & colors--r$1 black1 :ite1 & gray4 ,!y are /ill to be f\nd 9 _m c\ntries1 & *iefly 9 ! unfrequ5t$ & m\nta9\s regions 9 ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,europe1 ,russia1 & ,nor? ,am]ica2 b man has almo/ succe$$ 9 ext]m9at+ !m4 ,we usually ?9k & read ( wolves 9 packs1 b au?orities tell u t !y d n live 9 communities1 & d n g ab\t 9 gr\ps or packs unless 9 se>* ( prey4 ,erne/ ,?ompson ,seton describes ! ?ree calls ( ! hunt+ wolf4 ,! fir/ is 8! long-drawn1 deep h[l1 ! mu/] t tells ( game discov]$ b too /rong = ! f9d] to manage alone02 ! second call is high]1 8t r++ & swell+ is ! cry ( ! pack on a hot sc5t02 ! la/ is a %>p b>k & %ort h[l1 :i*1 8seem+ lea/ ( all1 is yet a gong ( doom1 = ?is is ! cry1 #8,close 96 ,?is is ! f9i%4'0 ,! 8,*>m]0 9 ?is picture does n impress u z a hunt] :o has be5 surr\nd$ by wolves & is n[ turn+ 8 music to acc\nt 9 mak+ 8 escape1 b r makes u feel t he has be5 f> )9 ! wild]ness ( rocks & woods call+ ^! animals to him ) ! music ( 8 bagpipe4 ,he has a sort ( wild1 wolf-l look himself4 ,"o critic has sugge/$ t he seems to be gnaw+ ! pipes r ?an play+ ^u !m1 & t 8 toes look l ! claws ( ! wolves4 ,no d\bt he sat on "o ( ^? great rocks & play$ 9 8 mo/ s$uctive way1 until he 0 q surr\nd$ by ! savage creatures4 ,c y n imag9e him seat$ ?us1 draw+ ! weird yet sweet notes f 8 pipe1 z fir/ "o pair ( %9y eyes pe]$ ?r\gh ! leaves or ar\nd ! rocks1 !n ano!r1 & ano!r1 until gradually ! creatures surr\nd$ him8 ,t music has *>ms has nev] be5 disput$4 ,f ! e>lie/ hi/ory we h read /ories ( its wond]ful subdu+ effect ^u animals4 ,a famili> quotation is ?is ( ,congreve's3 8,music ha? *>ms to soo! a savage brea/1 ,to s(t5 rocks1 or b5d a knott$ oak40 ,y w rememb] 9 ! poem by ,rob]t ,br[n+1 ,! ,pi$ ,pip] ( ,hamel91 h[ ! old rat expla9$ :y he foll[$ ! pip]3 8,at ! fir/ %rill notes4444 ,i he>d 444 a mov+ away ( pickle-tubbo>ds1 & a leav+ aj> ( cons]ve-cupbo>ds40 ,he smell$ ! mo/ delici\s old *eese 9 ! _w1 & saw sug> b>rels ahead ( him1 & !n1 j z a great sug>-pun*eon seem$ to be say+1 8,come1 bore me10 he felt ! ,wes] roll+ o'er him4 ,p]haps x is 9 "s su* way z ?is t ! music holds ^! wolves z !y foll[ ! n>r[ pa? betwe5 ! rocks4 ,*>m$ !y are no d\bt1 b n tam$4 ,see h[ ! fir/ two fell[s seem to be keep+ /ep ) ! man & ! music1 z !y move ) t s(t1 cauti\s tread ( ! wild animal4 ,) ! arti/1 ,la ,f>ge1 ?is picture 0 purely imag9ative4 ,he delight$ 9 all subjects deal+ ) fairyl& or wit*craft4 ,9 ?is picture we are left to guess :at sort ( a man ?is is1 & :]e he is go+4 ,"s critics speak ( him z a sort ( c5taur1 only in/ead ( be+ half horse & half man1 he is half wolf & half man4 ,h[ev] t may be1 he is able to control ^! animals ?r\gh ! p[] ( music4 ,he seems a /range1 wild creature1 inde$1 & z we look at ! picture x almo/ seems z if he 7 leav+ ! trees & ! companion%ip ( m5 to g ) ^! wolves to _! caves among ! rocks4 ,! glimpse ( ! ?ick woods 9 ! di/ance is int]e/+ because ( ! v>iety 9 ! arrangem5t & size ( ! tree trunks1 ! spots ( light1 & ! sugge/ion ( wildness4 ,! picture is made up ( curv$ l9es :i* help give u ! feel+ ( rhy?m & music4 ,que/ions to help ! pupil und]/& ! picture4 ,:at is !re unusual ab\t ?is picture8 ,describe x4 ,describe ! wolves4 ,tell some?+ ( _! *>act]i/ics2 _! habits4 ,:y are !y fe>$8 ,to :at ext5t %\ld y judge ?is man has tam$ !m8 ,:]e d !y usually live8 ,:]e c we f9d wolves n[8 ,:y are !y su* a t]ror to travel]s !re8 ,9 :at ways are !y /rong] ?an a horse8 ,describe ! man 9 ! picture4 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,fairy tales :i* may be read 9 connection ) ! /udy ( ?is picture are 8,! ,pi$ ,pip] ( ,hamel910 8,! ,sorc]ess10 8,! ,fi%]man & ! ,g5ii10 & 8,! ,sir5's ,song40 ,/ory ( ! arti/4 ,9 read+ ! life ( ,john ,la ,f>ge1 ! arti/1 we _c fail to be int]e/$ also 9 ! m adv5tur\s "o ( 8 fa!r be=e him4 ,= x 0 9 ! days ( ,napoleon ! ,great t ,jean ,la ,f>ge1 !n a "y (fic] "u ,g5]al ,lecl]c1 0 s5t to ! ,we/ ,indies to suppress an insurrection 9 ,santo ,dom+o1 ,haiti4 ,"h he 0 (f]$ ! rank ( lieut5ant if he w\ld rema9 ) ! l& =ces1 & ?is he decid$ to d4 ,h>dly _h ! small =ce ( m5 :i* he comm&$ rea*$ ! %ore1 :5 !y 7 surr\nd$ & captur$ by ! natives4 ,he endur$ ! agony ( look+ on :ile e memb] ( 8 company 0 put to dea? by sl[ torture4 ,expect+ e mom5t t x w\ld be 8 turn next1 he 0 q ov]come :5 told t 8 life w\ld be sp>$ t he might tea* ! rebel lead] h[ to speak & write ,fr5*4 ,b he 0 closely gu>d$ & all[$ v little lib]ty :ile ! rebellion la/$4 ,!n1 al?\gh /ill "u gu>d1 he 0 giv5 m fre$om4 ,mo/ ( ! natives 7 ( ,african blood1 or a mixture ( ,spani>d1 ,indian1 & negro2 b aft] ! rebellion _m :ite m5 settl$ on ! isl& on acc\nt ( ! advantages ( comm]ce4 ,ab\t a ye> aft] ,la ,f>ge 0 tak5 prison] he le>n$ t a g5]al massacre ( all ! :ite p on ! isl& _h be5 plann$4 ,feel+ sure t he w\ld be includ$ ?is "t1 ) two o!rs he made 8 escape4 ,!y secur$ a small r[boat & r[$ along ! %ore until !y rea*$ a "p ( ! isl& t belong$ to ,spa94 ,"h !y 7 =tunate en\gh to f9d a %ip j ready to sail to ,philadelphia4 ,all took passage at once4 ,arriv$ 9 ,am]ica1 ,jean ,la ,f>ge became mu* int]e/$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,he saw at once ! great possibilities 9 ?is new l& & decid$ to make x 8 home4 ,he became a trad] & = tw5ty-five ye>s he w5t f place to place1 gr[+ v weal?y4 ,!n he b\ght plantations 9 ,l\isiana & f>m l&s 9 nor!rn ,new ,york4 ,a numb] ( ,fr5* ari/ocrats & o!rs =m$ a ,fr5* colony 9 ,new ,york ,city1 & "h ,mr4 ,la ,f>ge f9ally came to live4 ,he m>ri$ ! daught] ( a =m] ,santo ,dom+an plant] :o _h jo9$ ! colony1 & x 0 9 ,new ,york t _! boy1 ,john ,la ,f>ge1 ! arti/1 0 born1 ,m>* #ca1 #ahce4 ,! boy 0 nam$ aft] 8 fa!r1 ,jean ,frdric de ,la ,f>ge1 b ! "n 0 abbreviat$ & ! ,engli% spell+ us$1 s t x became ,john ,la ,f>ge4 ,x 0 a v com=table home1 9 "s ways luxuri\s1 & 8 boyhood 0 pass$ "u mo/ favorable circum/ances4 ,8 gr&fa!r 0 a m9iature pa9t] ( "s note & he gave ,la ,f>ge 8 fir/ draw+ lessons4 ,! boy1 h[ev]1 %[$ no especial int]e/ or tal5t = draw+4 ,aft] he _h f9i%$ a classical c\rse at s*ool1 he decid$ to become a lawy]4 ,:5 he _h complet$ ! law c\rse he 0 s5t abroad to ,p>is1 to visit 8 fa!r's relatives1 :o 7 v prom95t p4 ,"h he met _m writ]s & arti/s ( note1 & f9ally began to /udy pa9t+ "u ,c\ture4 ,he sp5t mo/ ( 8 "t copy+ ! fam\s pa9t+s 9 ! ,l\vre1 & ! et*+s ( ,rembr&t4 ,8 idea at ?is "t 0 n to become a pa9t] by pr(ession b only to use art z a pa/ime--he 0 to e>n 8 liv+ z a lawy]4 ,he says1 8,no "o ev] /ruggl$ m aga9/ 8 de/9y ?an ,i4 ,nor did ,i = _m ye>s fully acquiesce 9 be+ a pa9t]1 ?\gh ,i le>n$ ! me?ods & /udi$ ! problems ( my art40 ,x 0 ab\t ?is "t t he met ! en?usia/ic ,am]ican pa9t]1 ,william ,hunt1 :o s inspir$ ,la ,f>ge t he left ev]y?+ & foll[$ him back to ,newport1 ,rhode ,isl&1 :]e he began /udy+ 9 e>ne/ "u 8 new ma/]4 ,! two m5 became close fri5ds4 ,x 0 at ,newport t ,la ,f>ge m>ri$ ,miss ,m>g>et ,p]ry1 :o 0 ! great-gr&daught] ( ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 & ! gr&daught] ( ,commodore ,p]ry1 s well kn[n z comm&] ( ! ,am]ican fleet 9 ! ,battle ( ,lake ,erie4 ,!y liv$ 9 ,newport dur+ ! summ]1 b sp5t _! w9t]s 9 ,new ,york ,city4 ,at ! "t ( ! ,civil ,w>1 ,la ,f>ge wi%$ to enli/1 b fail$ to pass ! physical exam9ation because he 0 ne>sight$4 ,!n1 giv+ himself entirely to 8 art1 he succe$$ 9 work+ out 8 own me?ods4 ,8 fir/ pa9t+s 7 = *ur* decorations--! mo/ important be+ 8,sa9t ,paul10 8,! ,madonna10 & 8,sa9t ,john40 ,! la/ two 7 pa9t$ = ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet] 9 ,new ,york ,city4 ,!n came a sev]e illness f :i* ,la ,f>ge recov]$ v sl[ly1 & x 0 ne>ly ?ree ye>s be=e he c\ld become an active pa9t] aga94 ,9 ! meantime he began draw+ on wood1 illu/rat+ ,br[n+'s & ,longfell['s poems1 & ,t5nyson's ,eno* ,ard54 ,lat] ano!r trip abroad result$ 9 ! exhibition ( 8 pa9t+s 9 ! gall]ies !re4 ,he made a c>eful /udy ( /a9$-glass w9d[s & by mu* exp]im5t+ he discov]$ a way to produce an opalesc5t effect 9 /a9$ glass & to make ! glass look l t 9 ! v old ca!drals4 ,la ,f>ge 0 always int]e/$ 9 mural or wall decorations = public build+s1 & he felt t our build+s 9 ,am]ica lack$ v mu* 9 t respect4 ,he made a special /udy ( ?is "w1 & t5 ye>s lat] he began 8 mural decorations = ,tr9ity ,*ur* 9 ,bo/on4 ,x 0 "o ( ! fir/ build+s s decorat$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & ! "w 0 accompli%$ "u great difficulties4 ,! workm5 did n und]/& j :at !y 7 to d1 ! "r k9d ( mat]ials c\ld n always be obta9$ & s _h to be prep>$1 & ! p1 hav+ no idea ( ! task1 requir$ t ! "w be f9i%$ 9 an unreasonably %ort "t4 ,! result 0 t ,la ,f>ge & 8 assi/ants 7 compell$ to "w night & day1 9 v cold wea!r1 & "u _m disadvantages4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ! scaffold+ 0 f9ally remov$ ! decoration 0 consid]$ a great success4 ,la ,f>ge 0 !n ask$ to decorate ,/4 ,?omas' ,*ur* 9 ,new ,york4 ,! arti/ n[ began to decorate w9d[s too1 t !y might be a "p ( ! mural decorations4 ,"o ( 8 fir/ w9d[ designs 0 plac$ 9 ! ,congregational ,*ur* at ,newport1 !n "o 9 ,memorial ,hall1 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 ,!y are wond]ful 9 color & design1 conta9+ almo/ e kn[n k9d ( glass & e preci\s /one4 ,!n came dem&s f all ov] ! c\ntry = bo? public build+s & private homes4 ,he 0 honor$ bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & abroad4 ,9 #ahhf ,la ,f>ge w5t to ,japan4 ,:ile !re he s5t a s]ies ( v int]e/+ lett]s to ! ,c5tury ,magaz9e describ+ 8 travels4 ,^! lett]s h s9ce be5 publi%$ 9 book =m4 ,la ,f>ge also wrote ,consid]ations on ,pa9t+1 a s]ies ( books on ! ,great ,ma/]s1 & ! ,japanese ,hokusai4 ,"s ( 8 be/-kn[n w9d[s & mural decorations are ! ,watson ,memorial ,w9d[ 9 ,tr9ity ,*ur*1 ,buffalo2 8,! ,asc5sion10 a fresco 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,asc5sion1 ,new ,york ,city2 8,a!ns10 9 ! ,art ,gall]y at ,b[do9 ,college1 ,ma9e2 8,law10 9 ! ,supreme ,c\rt ,room1 ,/4 ,paul2 & 8,lawgiv]s10 9 ! ,c\rt ,h\se1 ,baltimore4 ,que/ions ab\t ! arti/4 ,:o pa9t$ ?is picture8 ,tell ab\t 8 fa!r's exp]i5ces 9 ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,h[ did ! eld] ,la ,f>ge happ5 to come to ,am]ica8 ,:at did he d 9 ?is c\ntry8 ,:]e & :5 0 ! arti/ born8 ,:at education did he receive8 ,:]e did he g aft] he f9i%$ college8 ,h[ did he seem to reg>d pa9t+ at ?is "t8 ,:at ,am]ican arti/ enc\rag$ him to /udy art8 ,tell ab\t 8 progress2 8 m>riage2 8 travels4 ,tell ab\t 8 fir/ mural decoration4 ,:y 0 x s difficult to accompli%8 ,to :at did ?is lead8 ,tell ab\t 8 w9d[ designs4 ,:]e c we see "s ( ,la ,f>ge's "w8 ,:at books did he write8 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,am]ican ,,illu/rators ,! antiquity ( illu/ration4 ,! desire = pictures illu/rat+ ideas dates back no d\bt to ! beg9n+ ( ! _w4 ,! cave dwell] left a record ( su* an ambition on ! c>v$ walls ( 8 rude h\se & on ! h&le ( 8 battle ax4 ,savages made ( !mselves liv+ illu/rations1 by pa9t+ _! bodies 9 gay colors & designs repres5t+ _! ideas ( beauty4 ,! ,egyptians us$ /one & papyrus = m$iums ( expression1 :ile a c5tury lat] p>*m5t & vellum 7 us$4 ,ea* illu/ration 0 a f9i%$ piece ( "w4 ,9 ord] to reproduce x1 ! arti/ mu/ make a new "o ea* "t4 ,!n "s "o discov]$ ! block pr9t4 ,! design or illu/ration 0 cut 9 wood1 !n ink$ & plac$ on %eets ( pap] mu* z we use block pr9ts n[4 ,play+ c>ds 7 produc$ 9 ?is way long be=e books appe>$4 ,x 0 b a /ep f pr9t+ a :ole page ( type to sep>at+ ! lett]s s !y c\ld be re>rang$ & us$ _m times4 ,! ,*9ese und]/ood pr9t+ ) movable type c5turies be=e we ev] ?\ght ( x4 ,s9ce ! "t ! pr9t+ press 0 f9ally inv5t$ !re h be5 new processes & new me?ods1 b an illu/ration z su* has rema9$ un*ang$4 ,joseph ,p5nell tells u 9 8 book on ! ,illu/ration ( ,books t an illu/ration 8is a design int5d$ to give an arti/'s idea ( an incid5t1 episode1 or topographical site1 or x may be b a m]e diagram ref]r$ to by a writ]40 ,requirem5ts = an illu/rator4 ,a good illu/rator requires good prep>atory tra9+4 ,he %\ld "k h[ to draw well1 & %\ld h a good education 9 g5]al subjects1 t he may be able to illu/rate intellig5tly ! v>i\s subjects t w come be=e him4 ,he mu/ be able to select ! important ?+s 9 ! au?or's "w & s repres5t !m t ! att5tion ( ! public w be drawn to !m4 ,9 ord] t 8 pictures may be prop]ly reproduc$ he mu/ und]/& ! process & make 8 "w comply ) its limitations = good "w4 ,to be successful he mu/ be sure ( 8 mat]ial1 & 8 subjects mu/ please bo? ! au?or & ! g5]al public4 ,! process ( illu/ration4 ,an illu/ration is usually fir/ sket*$ ) a p5cil on /iff pap] or bri/ol bo>d1 ! size x is to be :5 complet$ or 9 "s relation to x4 ,t is1 x may be enl>g$ or r$uc$ :5 pr9t$4 ,p]haps ! mo/ popul> me?od is to make ! draw+ twice z l>ge z ! f9i%$ pr9t4 ,?is p5cil sket* is !n correct$ & f9ally drawn 9 ) p5 & ink or bru%4 ,! f9i%$ draw+ is photograph$ on ! plate to be us$1 & f9i%$ accord+ to "s "o ( _m diff]5t processes4 ,illu/ration 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 n until aft] ! ,civil ,w>1 9 #ahfa1 t illu/ration began to play an important "p 9 ! magaz9es & books ( ?is c\ntry4 ,to be sure1 c>icature _h long be5 popul> 9 ! newspap]s ( ! day1 ,?omas ,na/ hav+ made 8 fam\s political c>toons dur+ ! w>4 ,illu/ration 9 its m s]i\s s5se1 h[ev]1 receiv$ its fir/ awak5+ :5 ,la ,f>ge illu/rat$ ,t5nyson's ,eno* ,ard5 & o!r poems4 ,"s au?orities decl>e t ,e4 ,a4 ,abbey's p5-&-ink draw+s & illu/rations ( ! works ( ,goldsmi? 7 ! fir/ ( importance 9 ,am]ica4 ,mo/ ( our be/ illu/rators h contribut$ to ! lead+ magaz9es1 & s we are able to judge _! "w4 ,a few ( ! mo/ prom95t names are3 ,,arti/ ,,*>act]i/ic ,,"w ,h[>d ,pyle ,colonial times 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,w4 ,a4 ,woolf ,life ( /reet arabs2 humor\s4 ,e4 ,w4 ,kemble ,negro life4 ,w4 ,a4 ,rog]s ,t5em5t di/ricts2 pa!tic4 ,a4 ,b4 ,fro/ ,am]ican life4 ,elihu ,v$d] ,rubiyt ( ,om> ,khaym4 ,c4 ,d4 ,gibson ,am]ican girl4 ,f4 ,rem+ton ,! ,indian4 ,reg9ald ,bir* ,*ildr5's /ories4 ,a4 ,b4 ,w5zell ,society life4 ,alice ,b>b] ,*ildhood4 ,/ev5s ,h[>d ,c4 ,! ,*ri/y girl4 ,*ri/y ,h4 ,b4 ,taylor ,longfell['s poems4 ,que/ions ab\t ! art ( illu/ration4 ,:5 & h[ did p fir/ beg9 to illu/rate8 ,h[ did ^! illu/rations diff] f ours 9 execution8 ,( :at use 0 a wood-block pr9t8 ,to :at did ?is lead8 ,:at prep>atory tra9+ does a good illu/rator ne$8 ,tell some?+ ( ! process1 or h[ illu/rations are made4 ,tell some?+ ( ! hi/ory ( illu/ration 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"n "s ( ! be/-kn[n illu/rators4 ,:o is y\r favorite illu/rator8 :y8 ,is x ! subject ( 8 illu/ration or 8 execution t appeals to y ! m8 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,! lesson may be assign$ by topics to v>i\s pupils = prep>ation & recitation4 #a4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,illu/ration4 #b4 ,illu/ration 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #c4 ,:at ,con/itutes a ,good ,illu/ration8 #d4 ,y\r ,favorite ,illu/rator & ,:y4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,copyright by ! ,curtis ,publi%+ ,co4 ,f a ,copley ,pr9t copyright by ,curtis ,cam]on1 ,bo/on ,,evangel9e ,que/ions to ar\se int]e/4 ,h[ _m ( y h read ,evangel9e by ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell[8 ,:y d y suppose ?is picture is s nam$8 ,describe ! ,evangel9e 9 ?is picture--h] appe>ance1 expression1 & surr\nd+s4 ,:]e d y ?9k %e is go+8 :y8 ,h[ _m ( y ?9k %e is com+ home f *ur*8 :y8 ,describe ! h\se ne> ! road2 ! p y see4 ,:at c y say ( ! p]spective ( ?is road8 ,:at impression does ?is picture give y--"o ( peace1 pl5ty1 quiet1 or ! rev]se1 & :y8 ,,evangel9e 8,fair 0 %e to behold1 t maid5 ( sev5te5 summ]s4 ,black 7 h] eyes z ! b]ry t gr[s on ! ?orn by ! wayside1 ,black1 yet h[ s(tly !y gleam$ b5ea? ! br[n %ade ( h] tresses4 ,fair] 0 %e :51 on ,sunday morn1 :ile ! bell f its turret ,spr9kl$ ) holy s\nds ! air1 z ! prie/ ) 8 hyssop ,spr9kles ! congregation1 & scatt]s bless+s ^u !m1 ,d[n ! long /reet %e pass$1 ) h] *aplet ( beads & h] missal1 ,we>+ h] ,norman cap & h] kirtle ( blue1 & ! e>-r+s1 ,br\ght 9 ! old5 "t f ,france1 & s9ce1 z an heirloom1 ,h&$ d[n f "m to *ild1 ?r\gh long g5]ations4 ,b a cele/ial brightness--a m e!real beauty-- ,%one on h] face & encircl$ h] =m1 :5 aft] confession1 ,homew>d s]5ely %e walk$ ) ,god's b5$iction ^u h]4 ,:5 %e _h pass$1 x seem$ l ! ceas+ ( exquisite music40 --,evangel9e1 by ,h5ry ,w4 ,longfell[ ,arti/3 ,william ,ladd ,taylor4 ,bir?place3 ,grafton1 ,massa*usetts4 ,dates3 ,born1 #ahed4 ,! /ory ( ! picture4 ,9 illu/rat+ ,h5ry ,wadswor? ,longfell['s poem ,evangel9e1 ,mr4 ,taylor has *os5 to repres5t ! h]o9e dur+ ! happie/ "p ( h] life1 & be=e any?+ v excit+ or at all /range began to happ51 unless1 p]haps1 we feel t x is /range & wond]ful t !re %\ld be su* a little village z ,gr&-,pr1 :]e ,evangel9e liv$4 ,hi/ory tells u t su* a village did exi/ 9 ,acadie--or ,nova ,scotia1 ,canada1 z we call x n[4 ,! ,fr5* & ,engli% _h qu>rel$ bitt]ly ov] ?is isl&1 = ea* want$ possession ( its fi%]ies4 ,! ,engli% claim$ ! t]ritory by "r ( discov]y1 & !y f9ally secur$ possession ( x4 ,mo/ ( ! p liv+ !re 7 ,fr5* & _h be5 giv5 ! privilege ( leav+ )9 two ye>s4 ,?\gh !y desir$ to rema91 yet !y refus$ to take ! oa? ( allegiance1 & _! oa? ( fidelity to ! ,briti% k+ 0 accept$ in/ead4 ,!y 7 exempt$ f be>+ arms aga9/ _! own c\ntrym51 all[$ to enjoy _! religion1 to h magi/rates ( _! own selection1 &1 9 fact1 !y _h be5 p]mitt$ to d ab\t z !y pleas$4 ,ea* man own$ 8 f>m & 8 /ock1 & all t goes to make a life ( usefulness z well z ( pl5ty & cont5t4 ,mr4 ,longfell[ tells u3 8,va/ mead[s /ret*$ to ! ea/w>d1 ,giv+ ! village its "n1 & pa/ure to flocks )\t numb]4 ,sea-fogs pit*$ _! t5ts1 & mi/s f ! mighty ,atlantic ,look$ on ! happy valley1 b ne'er f _! /ation desc5d$4 ,!re1 9 ! mid/ ( its f>ms1 repos$ ! ,acadian village4 ,/rongly built 7 ! h\ses1 ) frames ( oak & ( hemlock1 ,su* z ! peasants ( ,norm&y built 9 ! reign ( ! ,h5ries4 ,?at*$ 7 ! ro(s1 ) dorm] w9d[s2 & gables project+ ,ov] ! basem5t bel[ protect$ & %ad$ ! doorway40 ,h[ c>efully ,mr4 ,taylor /udi$ all ^! details is %[n by ! way he repres5ts ! ma9 /reet ( ! little village ( ,gr&-,pr4 ,h[ mu* m picturesque ^! ?at*$-ro($ h\ses are ?an "s ( our m co/ly & elaborate mod]n homes6 ,a ro( made ( simple framework1 h[ev]1 cov]$ ) ?ick lay]s ( skillfully arrang$ /raw or re$s1 call$ ?at*1 does n seem v practicable to u 9 ^! days4 ,x is n difficult to det]m9e :o is ! c5t] ( int]e/ 9 ?is picture4 ,we recognize ,evangel9e ) h] :ite ,norm&y cap1 h] kirtle or %ort jacket ) its fl[+ sleeves1 & we c ev5 di/+ui% h] beads4 ,h] missal1 or ,roman ,ca?olic mass book1 is clasp$ 9 bo? h&s z %e passes quietly d[n ! /reet1 & ! expression 9 h] face is "o ( p]fect peace & happ9ess4 ,%e has pass$ ! gr\p ( visit+ wom51 z well z ! two m5 /&+ by ! gate :o h turn$ to look aft] h]4 ,we "k t %e has greet$ !m all pleasantly1 if a bit abs5tly1 & x is pla9 t %e has n[ =gott5 !m aga9 9 ! absorption ( h] m9d4 ,al?\gh ! picture does n ev5 sugge/ ! /range & adv5tur\s future be=e h]1 /ill x is all ! m pleas+ because x gives u a glimpse ( ,evangel9e 9 ! h\r ( peace & happ9ess4 ,we are made to feel ! secret ( ! res]ve /r5g? ( our h]o9e :o1 ?us =tifi$1 w be equal to all t mu/ befall h]4 ,we %all wi% to read aga9 ,mr4 ,longfell['s poem ,evangel9e4 ,accord+ to ! /ory1 ,evangel9e keeps h\se = h] fa!r1 :o is kn[n z ! weal?ie/ f>m] ( ,gr&-,pr4 ,he is well on 9 ye>s1 g5ial1 k9dly1 always look+ on ! bright side ( life1 & 8 home is kn[n f> & wide = its hospitality & *e]4 ,! h\se is out a little way f ! village & is built on ! side ( a hill1 s t x comm&s a f9e view ( ! ocean4 ,mead[s1 or*>ds1 great b>ns ) _! dovecotes1 beehives1 a well ) its moss-gr[n bucket1 wea!rcocks1 & %eepfolds complete ! picture4 ,"o ( ! f>m]'s be/ fri5ds is ,basil1 ! blacksmi?1 :o is a mu* honor$ man 9 ! village4 ,he has "o son1 ,gabriel4 ,evangel9e & ,gabriel h play$ toge!r z *ildr51 h gr[n up toge!r1 & n[ !y are engag$ to be m>ri$4 ,already ! contract is sign$1 ! d[] ( ! bride 9 flocks ( %eep & 9 cattle has be5 det]m9$1 & all is ready = ! w$d+ fea/4 8,faire/ ( all ! maids 0 ,evangel9e1 ,b5$ict's daught]6 ,noble/ ( all ! y\?s 0 ,gabriel1 son ( ! blacksmi?60 ,b _! w$d+ is almo/ =gott5 because ( ! t]rible ev5ts :i* prev5t x4 ,= sev]al days a fleet ( ,engli% %ips has be5 obs]v$ approa*+ ! h>bor ) _! guns po9t$ t[>d ! peaceful little village ( ,gr&-,pr4 ,on ! v day set = ! w$d+1 ! ,engli% soldi]s l& & dem& ! surr5d] ( all _! arms 9 ! "n ( ! k+4 ,all ! m5 are comm&$ to assemble 9 ! meet+h\se at noon ( t day4 ,! p drive 9 f all ! c\ntry ar\nd1 a happy1 c>e-free cr[d1 ?9k+ t1 s9ce !y h h>m$ no "o1 no h>m c come to !m4 ,b once 9 ! meet+h\se ! soldi]s lock & bolt ! door :ile ! comm&] reads ! k+'s proclamation f ! pulpit4 ,x is t]rible beyond all belief1 = x n only comm&s t !y =feit all _! l&s1 dwell+s1 & cattle to ! cr[n1 b t !y & _! families %all be transport$ to o!r l&s4 ,a great cry arises1 & all ! m5 ru% to ! doorway4 ,b !re is no means ( escape1 = ! soldi]s are well arm$ & prep>$4 ,!n ,basil ! blacksmi? calls ^u !m all to resi/ & is promptly fell$ by a soldi]4 ,all is angry commotion :5 ! door ( ! *ancel op5s & ,fa!r ,felician1 :om all rev]e1 /&s be=e !m comm&+ _! sil5ce4 ,he appeals to _! fai?1 & _! rev]5ce = ! h\se ( ,god1 & by 8 wise c\nsel succe$s 9 quiet+ 8 p4 ,mean:ile ! wom5 wait outside 9 ! *ur*y>d1 fe>ful :5 ! tumult is greate/ b reassur$ :5 all is quiet aga94 ,h\r aft] h\r passes by & /ill !y wait4 ,at l5g? ! door ( ! meet+h\se op5s & a soldi] appe>s4 ,aga9 ! fe>ful proclamation is read4 ,!n ! wom5 are comm&$ to pack _! h\sehold goods & be ready = sail+ on ! fif? day4 ,n[ inde$ a great cry ( di/ress arises1 e*o$ by ! m51 :o are /ill held prison]s4 ,!n1 9 ob$i5ce to a second comm&1 ! wom5 dep>t = _! homes4 ,) heavy he>ts !y beg9 _! pack+4 ,evangel9e1 left alone )\t fa!r or lov]1 looks at ! table set = ! w$d+ fea/ & at all ! signs ( rejoic+1 !n s(tly goes back to ! meet+h\se4 ,!re %e calls ,gabriel by "n sev]al times b receives no answ]4 ,on ! fif? day all is ready4 ,! great wa9s empty _! loads on ! %ore1 & ! wom5 & *ildr5 are wait+4 ,at la/1 at a signal1 ! *ur* door is ?r[n op5 & ! prison]s m>* to ! boats4 ,!n comes ! mo/ t]rible "p ( all4 ,9 _! ha/e ! soldi]s sep>ate families1 plac+ "s memb]s 9 "o %ip1 "s 9 ano!r4 ,gabriel & 8 fa!r are plac$ 9 diff]5t %ips1 :ile ,evangel9e & h] fa!r rema9 on ! %ore await+ ! la/ boat4 ,& !n comes ! fe>ful sight ( _! homes & b>ns 9 flames1 & ! utt] de/ruction ( ! village4 ,! horror & inju/ice ( x all are too great = ,evangel9e's fa!r1 :o dies !re ^u ! %ore4 ,evangel9e1 left ?us alone & cru%$ by h] sorr[1 sc>ce kn[s :5 %e is l$ into ! %ip or :5 ! %ips dep>t4 ,_m days pass be=e ! p are l&$ on a =eign %ore4 ,!n ! fir/ ?\ght ( all is to seek relatives & fri5ds4 ,! re/ ( ! /ory tells ( ,evangel9e's long se>* = ,gabriel & h] _m disc\ragem5ts z %e foll[s ?is rumor & t4 ,! prie/1 ,fa!r ,felician1 goes ) h] on ! j\rney1 enc\rag+ & help+ h]4 ,once ,gabriel & ,evangel9e pass ea* o!r on ! wat]1 b x is dur+ ! night & nei!r is aw>e t ! o!r is s ne>4 ,gabriel f9ds 8 fa!r b1 re/less & unhappy1 he does n rema9 ) him long4 ,& s x happ5s t :5 ,evangel9e at l5g? f9ds ,basil ! blacksmi?1 ,gabriel is n ) him4 ,he _h left j ! day be=e4 ,s ,basil sets out ) ,evangel9e 9 se>* ( 8 son4 ,aft] ye>s ( pati5ce & p]sev]ance1 rew>d$ only by failure1 ,evangel9e ceases h] w&]+ & becomes a nurse4 ,& !n x is %e f9ds ,gabriel1 on 8 dea?b$4 ,x is a sad b beautiful /ory1 & x is all f\nd$ on facts4 ,n only 0 !re su* a village z ,gr&-,pr ) j su* p liv+ 9 x1 b x is also true t 9 #agee ,k+ ,george ,,ii ( ,engl& s5t 8 fleet to scatt] !m among ! o!r ,briti% prov9ces4 ,he believ$ t ^! p aid$ ! ,indians &1 because ( ! almo/ indep5d5t "* ( ! colony1 emb>rass$ ! local gov]nm5t4 ,z we read ! /ory we _c b be glad t ,mr4 ,taylor *ose ! ,evangel9e ( ! happy days ( ,gr&-,pr1 r ?an any o!r picture ( h] t he might h %[n u4 ,! s(t tones 9 ! picture are especially pleas+1 z well z ! few /rong notes ( color 9 ! dresses & ! h\ses4 ,! p]spective ( ! road is made int]e/+ by ! figures 9 x1 z well z by ! h\ses & trees on ea* side4 ,note ! diff]5ce 9 size ( ! v>i\s figures accord+ to _! di/ance4 ,?is makes ! road appe> long] & m w9d+4 ,que/ions to help ! pupil und]/& ! picture4 ,:]e did ,evangel9e live8 ,describe ! village ( ,gr&-,pr4 ,( :at nationality 7 mo/ ( ! p8 ,h[ did !y happ5 to be "u ,engli% rule8 ,:at special privileges 7 !y giv58 ,:o 0 ! ,briti% k+ at ! "t ( ?is /ory8 ,:y did he wi% to dispose ( ! ,acadians8 ,h[ did he d ?is8 ,:at became ( ! village8 ( ! h\ses8 ( ! p8 _! cattle1 horses1 %eep8 ,:o 0 ,evangel9e8 ,gabriel8 ,basil ! blacksmi?8 ,:at ev5t 0 to take place ! day ! k+'s proclamation 0 read8 ,:]e 0 ! proclamation read8 ,:at effect did x h ^u ! m58 ^u ! wom58 ,:at "p ( ! /ory is repres5t$ 9 ! picture8 ,if y 7 to draw j "o picture f ?is /ory1 :i* w\ld y *oose8 :y8 ,! /ory ( ! arti/4 ,z 9 ! case ( s _m ( our liv+ arti/s1 we "k v little ( ! details ( ,mr4 ,taylor's life4 ,we d "k t ,william ,ladd ,taylor 0 born at ,grafton1 ,massa*usetts1 ,decemb] #aj1 #ahed1 & t mo/ ( 8 education 0 receiv$ at ,worce/]1 ,massa*usetts4 ,he att5d$ art s*ools 9 ,bo/on & ,new ,york1 & /udi$ "o ye> 9 ,p>is1 ,france4 ,he has travel$ ext5sively1 mak+ a special /udy ( m$ival ar*itecture1 co/umes1 & cu/oms4 ,ow+ to ill heal?1 ,mr4 ,taylor sp5t a ye> 9 ,colorado1 :i* prov$ mo/ b5eficial4 ,!re he produc$ sev]al pa9t+s1 two ( ! be/ kn[n be+ 8,! ,c>ib\ ,hunt]0 & 8,%oot+ ! ,rapids40 ,mr4 ,taylor has liv$ mo/ ( 8 life 9 or ne> ,bo/on4 ,he has pa9t$ a s]ies ( pictures repres5t+ n9ete5?-c5tury ,new ,engl&2 a s]ies ( pictures ( ! pione] ,we/2 & ! ,longfell[ s]ies1 includ+ 8,evangel9e10 8,m9nehaha & ,hiawa?a10 8,! ,village ,blacksmi?10 8,! ,hang+ ( ! ,crane10 8,maid5hood10 8,! ,old ,clock on ! ,/airs10 8,! ,build+ ( ! ,%ip10 8,priscilla & ,john ,ald510 8,! ,*ildr5's ,h\r10 & o!rs4 ,o!r pa9t+s are ! ,psalm ,s]ies2 ,old ,song ,s]ies2 ,our ,home & ,c\ntry1 a book ( pictures ( ,am]ican life2 8,! ,e>l's ,return10 illu/rat+ ,ow5 ,m]$i?'s poem2 & 8,rosita10 illu/rat+ ,bret ,h>te's ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,haci5da4 ,que/ions ab\t ! arti/4 ,:o pa9t$ ?is picture8 ,:]e 0 he born8 ,:at education did he receive8 ,"n "s ( 8 be/ pa9t+s4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,c>toons ,,& ,,c>icatures ,significance ( ?is =m ( illu/ration4 ,v little or no di/9ction is made betwe5 ! two words1 c>icature & c>toon1 z we use !m at ! pres5t day4 ,yet ! ^w c>icature in/antly sugge/s some?+ made ridicul\s or absurd 9 a _s ( attack or burlesque1 :ile a c>toon may be m]ely a sugge/ive repres5tation ( any p]son or idea ( pres5t int]e/4 ,a c>icature always makes ridicul\s1 b a c>toon may ei!r ridicule or praise1 & al?\gh usually humor\s1 x is m s]i\s 9 its aims & subjects4 ,to c>toon a public man once meant to insult him4 ,if by any *ance he _h "s prom95t physical defect x 0 hail$ ) delight1 & made ! butt ( ! c>tooni/s' *>act]izations4 ,n[ our be/ c>tooni/s w\ld n /oop to secure recognition by su* means2 !y are m consid]ate1 & we are all[$ to appreciate _! clev] repres5tations )\t feel+ ! /+ ( res5tm5t1 ev5 ?\gh our sympa?ies are on ! o!r side4 ,b our c>tooni/s ( to-day d n sp5d all _! "t repres5t+ ! political issues2 !y also deal ) ! affairs ( ev]yday life4 ,we are told t ! ^w c>toon orig9ally meant a design or model = a l>ge picture 9 fresco1 oil1 tape/ry1 /atu>y1 glass1 or mosaic4 ,! mo/ fam\s ( ^! are ! c>toons ( ,raphael1 ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 & ,mi*elangelo4 ,b 9 #ahdc a great exhibit ( c>toons 0 held at ,we/m9/] ,hall1 ,london1 f :i* ! fresco decorations = ! new h\ses ( ,p>liam5t 7 to be *os54 ,at t "t ,pun* decl>$ itself a competitor1 & pres5t$ its claims 9 its mo/ humor\s mann]4 ,! mo/ absurd c>icatures 7 dignifi$ by ! "n c>toon1 & ! reasons :y !y %\ld be accept$ 7 set =? 9 a mo/ laughable mann]4 ,= "s "t aft] ?is ,pun* cont9u$ to use ! "n c>toon = its repres5tations1 & :5 x w\ld h gone back to ! t]m c>icature ! public w\ld n p]mit x4 ,p]haps ! fact t ! ^w c>toon is s mu* easi] to pron\nce _h some?+ to d ) x4 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,pupils %\ld be enc\rag$ to br+ good c>toons to s*ool4 ,^! may be collect$1 & ! be/ put up :]e all c see & be ready to discuss z to size1 composition1 v>iety1 numb]1 & color ( l9es us$ 9 express+ ! idea4 ,hi/ory ( c>icature & c>toon4 ,x is h>d = u to realize t c>icature is z old z man's ability to express himself ) *isel1 p51 or ink4 ,away back 9 ! "t ( ! ,assyrians & ,egyptians we f9d c]ta9 c>icatures repres5t+ grotesque figures drawn on papyrus4 ,! ,greeks c>icatur$ _! gods & h]oes1 al?\gh _! s5se ( ! beautiful made x impossible = !m to di/ort ! human figure4 ,9 ,rome !y 7 n s p>ticul>1 & "o c>icature repres5t+ a dw>f philosoph] prea*+ to a fox has be5 h&$ d[n to u 9 _m diff]5t =ms4 ,dur+ ! ,middle ,ages c>icatures 7 made ( su* unpopul> ideas & exp]i5ces z ,satan1 dea?1 pride1 hatr$1 & s =?4 ,illu/ration3 ,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,john ,t4 ,mc,cutcheon ,baseball1 ,golf1 ,election ,returns1 & ,swatt+ ! ,fly ,! inv5tion ( ! pr9t+ press greatly increas$ ! p[] & influ5ce ( ! c>icature1 9 spite ( ! _m regulations & h9drances t _h to be compli$ )4 ,dur+ ! ,revolution1 ,napoleon ,i tri$ to repress c>icature 9 ,france1 & on ?is acc\nt ! ,engli% made him a special victim ( _! ridicule4 ,! k+s & ari/ocracy t held sway aft] ! ,re/oration next became ! subject ( satire4 ,!n 9 #ahcj came ! inv5tion ( li?ography &1 ) ! increas+ fre$om ( ! press1 c>icature1 ( c\rse1 rea*$ its height4 ,poor ,l\is ,philippe1 ( ,france1 0 ! mo/ c>icatur$ ( all ! k+s1 because ( 8 pe>-%ap$ head1 :i* 0 s easy to draw4 ,9 ,london1 c>icature became m & m popul> ) ! f\nd+ ( ,pun* 9 #ahda4 ,! be/-kn[n contributor to ,pun* 0 ,du ,mauri]1 ^: burlesques ( ari/ocratic society 9 ,engl& 7 tak5 9 good "p4 ,9 ,g]many1 ,wilhelm ,s*olz's c>icatures ( ,bism>ck are fam\s4 ,& s on ?r\gh all ! c\ntries1 we f9d traces ( ! art ( c>icature4 ,9 ,am]ica we f9d ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 fir/ on ! li/4 ,we are told t ! tal5t came naturally to him1 z 8 gr&fa!r & fa!r be=e him _h %[n consid]able +5uity 9 t direction b _h n v5tur$ to express x except 9 ! signs & pr9t$ h&bills adv]tis+ _! trade4 ,x 0 ! cu/om at t "t to adv]tise by means ( pictures or repres5tations--a gilt ,bible 9 front ( a /ore meant a book /ore2 an an*or1 naval supplies2 ! figure ( a m]maid1 an ale h\se2 a gilt %eaf1 a pap] /ore1 & s on4 ,! figure ( an ,ea/ ,indian que5 gayly dress$ 9 a _m-color$ g[n adv]tis$ ! /ore belong+ to ,frankl9's gr&fa!r1 :]e he (f]$ 8to dye into colors0 all clo?1 silk1 & calico4 ,! h&bills :i* he s5t out 7 m elaborate1 repres5t+ ! same que5 b ) two s]vants1 "o hold+ up h] tra91 ! o!r hold+ a p>asol ov] h]4 ,all public build+s 7 easily recogniz$ by ! c>v$ royal lion & unicorn4 ,b5jam9's bro!r ,james />t$ ! fir/ s5sational newspap] 9 ,bo/on1 ,massa*usetts1 9 #agba4 ,?is pap] 0 call$ ! ,c\rant1 & to x ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 fir/ contribut$ 8 articles & c>icatures4 ,_! wit 0 n appreciat$ by ! sob] p ( ,bo/on1 & x 0 n long be=e ! bro!r 0 put 9 prison on acc\nt ( 8 editorials4 ,b5jam9 cont9u$ ! pap]1 fe>lessly ridicul+ 9 writ+ & pictures n only ,h>v>d ,college b ! m9i/]s & well-kn[n *ur* memb]s4 ,! p 7 n[ ?or\ghly ar\s$1 & soon bo? bro!rs 7 =bidd5 to pr9t _! pap]4 ,s f>1 h[ev]1 "w 9 c>icature _h be5 crude & 0 to be completely ov]%ad[$ by ! brilliant ,?omas ,na/1 ! great political c>tooni/4 ,mr4 ,william ,m4 ,twe$ 0 ! fir/ political 8boss10 & ! subject ( ,mr4 ,na/'s c>toons4 ,he repres5t$ t lead]'s face z a money bag ) doll> signs z features1 & 9 ?is /range way he someh[ manag$ to secure a v good lik5ess ( ! man4 ,x is ev5 said t :5 at la/ ,twe$ 0 =c$ to run away to escape imprisonm5t1 he 0 recogniz$ & caught ?r\gh ! famili>ity ( all ) 8 c>toon$ face4 ,mr4 ,na/'s c>toons 7 publi%$ 9 ,h>p]'s ,weekly1 & became s popul> t !y op5$ a way = ! publication ( a new humor\s magaz9e1 ,puck4 ,!n came ,judge & ,life4 ,^! ?ree are devot$ ma9ly to c>toons4 ,illu/ration3 ,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,john ,t4 ,mc,cutcheon ,! ,m\nt$ ,policeman's ,lot ,is ,n a ,happy ,"o ,n[ _m weekly j\rnals1 z ,h>p]'s1 ,leslie's1 & a mon?ly magaz9e call$ ,c>toons1 make ?is a special feature4 ,ne>ly e newspap] 9 ! c\ntry conta9s at lea/ "o c>toon 9 ea* issue1 & _m h _! own c>tooni/s1 ^: "t is busily occupi$ prep>+ draw+s = ! daily issues4 ,!n1 too1 ! ,sunday supplem5ts are full ( !m1 & we h become well acqua9t$ ) ,fr$]ick ,burr ,opp]1 creator ( 8,happy ,hooligan10 8,! ,folks 9 ,funnyville10 8,alphonse & ,ga/on10 8,maud1 ! ,mat*less10 8,john ,bull10 & o!rs2 ,ri*>d ,felton ,outcault1 creator ( 8,hogan's ,alley10 8,yell[ ,kid10 8,bu/] ,br[n10 8,bu/]1 ,m>y ,jane1 & ,tige02 ,a4 ,b4 ,fro/1 creator ( 8,trag$y ( ! ,k9d ,he>t$ ,man & ! ,ungrateful ,bull ,calf0 & 8,! ,sp9/]'s ,cat ,t ,ate ,rat ,poison102 ,c>l ,emil ,s*ultze1 kn[n z 8,bunny10 creator ( 8,foxy ,gr&pa0 & 8,bunny's ,blue ,book10 & _m o!rs4 ,requirem5ts4 ,a good c>toon mu/ %[ ! real *>act]i/ics ( ! orig9al1 exagg]at$1 yet easy to recognize4 ,a picture t w tell its /ory at a glance c be und]/ood by all1 & w be rememb]$ long aft] p>agraphs are =gott54 ,s x is readily se5 :at a p[] = good may be f\nd 9 ! daily c>toon4 ,x is necess>y t a good c>tooni/ h a cle> s5se ( =m1 al?\gh great fre$om is all[$ 9 8 draw+ & no attempt is made = a /udi$ or accurate repres5tation4 ,he %\ld be a ke5 obs]v] & well in=m$1 especially on all topics ( daily int]e/1 & possess$ ( mu* orig9ality & a ready p5cil4 ,process ( mak+ a c>toon4 ,a g5]al idea may be giv5 ( h[ a c>toon is made4 ,fir/1 ! c>tooni/ mu/ h a subject or an idea to be repres5t$4 ,?is is sometimes sugge/$ by ! city editor1 by memb]s ( ! /aff1 or m (t5 left entirely to ! judgm5t ( ! arti/4 ,!n ! idea is usually sket*$ 9 ) p5cil on a piece ( m$ium weight c>dbo>d1 correct$1 & !n f9i%$ 9 p5 & ink4 ,black ink is us$ ) p5s ( v>i\s sizes dep5d+ ^u ! wid? ( l9e desir$4 ,! be/ c>tooni/s use l9es ( diff]5t wid?s4 ,(t5 we f9d a /rong bold l9e = ! =egr\nd1 a m$ium l9e = ! middle di/ance1 & a ?9 l9e = extreme di/ance4 ,! draw+ is usually made twice ! size x is to appe> 9 ! pap]4 ,:5 s5t to ! pr9t] a photograph is made ( ! draw+ ( ! size requir$4 ,! film is !n /ripp$ (f ! plate & put on a heavi]1 ?ick] plate & pr9t$ ?r\gh on a piece ( z9c1 cov]$ ) "s sub/ance :i* is n affect$ by acid4 ,! z9c is !n plac$ 9 an acid ba? :i* eats away ! p>ts expos$ to light 9 ! pr9t+1 leav+ ! l9es ( ! draw+ unt\*$4 ,,john ,t4 ,mc,c,u,t,c,h,e,o,n ,"o ( ! be/-kn[n ( our c>tooni/s is ,mr4 ,john ,t9ney ,mc,cutcheon1 ( ! ,*icago ,tribune4 ,he is "o ( a comp>atively small numb] ( c>tooni/s :o h /udi$ art & und]/& ! pr9ciples gov]n+ x4 ,_m h n _h ?is special tra9+1 & mu/ rely entirely ^u ! clev] idea repres5t$ & ! natural skill :i* !y possess4 ,besides ?is prep>ation ,mr4 ,mc,cutcheon is a graduate ( ,purdue ,univ]sity1 ,purdue1 ,indiana4 ,he has travel$ ar\nd ! _w1 & seems to h qualifi$ himself = 8 "w 9 an ideal way4 ,an eyewitness ( ! ,battle ( ,manila ,bay dur+ ! ,spani% ,w>1 he s5t a detail$ acc\nt to ! ,*icago ,record :i* 0 "o ( ! 8mo/ notable ev5ts ( j\rnalism 9 connection ) ! w>40 ,he also visit$ _m places 9 ! ,ori5t1 9 ! ,philipp9es1 & 0 ) ! ,bo] ,army 9 ,africa z correspond5t = ! ,record4 ,9 #aijj he return$ to ,*icago z political c>tooni/ = ?is pap]1 b lat] accept$ a position ) ! ,*icago ,tribune4 ,mr4 ,mc,cutcheon is also an au?or1 hav+ publi%$ ,/ories ( ,filip9o ,w>f>e1 & sev]al s]ies ( c>toons 9 book =m1 z ,boy 9 ,spr+time ,s]ies1 & o!rs4 ,z a lectur] he has prov$ v popul> 9 ,lyceum & ,*autauqua c\rses4 ,x is int]e/+ to "k t ! dog appe>+ s (t5 9 8 e>li] c>toons 0 fir/ introduc$ m]ely because !re 0 a space 9 8 picture t ne$$ fill+4 ,! same ?+ happ5$ sev]al times1 & :5 lat] he made a c>toon )\t ! dog1 p wrote & ask$ him :at _h become ( x4 ,illu/ration3 ,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,john ,t4 ,mc,cutcheon ,:5 ,newspap]s ,are ,sc>ce ,george ,ade1 9 8 introduction to ! ,boy 9 ,spr+time ,s]ies1 has summ$ up ,mr4 ,mc,cutcheon's qualities z a c>tooni/ 9 ?is way3 8,clev] execution1 g5tle humor1 consid]ate treatm5t ( public m51 & wisdom 9 gett+ away f political subjects & giv+ u a few pictures ( ev]yday life1 :i* is our real int]e/40 ,que/ions ab\t ! art4 ,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 a c>toon & a c>icature8 ,h[ did ! ^w c>toon come to h its pres5t mean+8 ,:at k9d ( a magaz9e is ,pun*8 ,tell some?+ ( ! e>ly hi/ory ( c>icatures & c>toons4 ,:at effect did ! inv5tion ( ! pr9t+ press h ^u !m8 ,:o 0 ! fir/ ,am]ican c>icaturi/8 ,tell ab\t ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 & 8 newspap]4 ,:at magaz9es publi% c>toons n[8 ,:at is y\r idea ( a good c>toon8 ,:at subjects are usually *os5 9 newspap] c>toons8 ,:at good c !y d 9 ! _w8 :at h>m8 ,:at prep>ation is x necess>y = a c>tooni/ to h8 ,:at prep>ation has ,mr4 ,j4 ,t4 ,mc,cutcheon made = 8 "w8 ,tell some?+ ( 8 life & 8 c>toons4 ,to ! ,tea*]3 ,! lesson may be prep>$ by assign+ subjects to v>i\s pupils z foll[s3 #a4 ,mean+ ( ! ,t]ms ,c>icature & ,c>toon4 #b4 ,ev5ts ,lead+ to ! ,new ,mean+ ( ! ,^w ,c>toon4 #c4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,c>icatures & ,c>toons4 #d4 ,c>icatures & ,c>toons ,to-day4 #e4 ,a ,good ,c>toon4 #f4 ,a ,good ,c>tooni/4 #g4 ,( ,:at ,b5efit to ! ,_w ,are ,c>icatures & ,c>toons8 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,engrav+s1 ,,et*+s1 ,,pr9ts ,:5 we visit an art gall]y we f9d pictures 9 all m$iums--oil1 wat] color1 pa/el1 *>coal1 p5cil1 p5 & ink2 & !n f>!r on we f9d photographs1 et*+s1 engrav+s 7/eel1 copp]1 & wood71 & li?ographs4 ,x takes mu* c>eful /udy & practice be=e we c expect to recognize ! m$ium or process us$4 ,mo/ ( u recognize wat] color1 oil1 p5cil1 *>coal1 & pa/el "w1 b pr9ts made f engrav+s1 et*+s1 & photographic plates are m difficult to di/+ui%4 ,at ! "t mo/ ( our fam\s old ma/]s 7 pa9t+1 photography 0 unkn[n & ! fir/ et*+s & engrav+s 7 labori\sly done by h& & usually by ! arti/s !mselves4 ,n[1 ! "t & exp5se ( h& "w are s great t1 al?\gh ! important l9es are /ill put 9 by h&1 yet ! cam]a plays an ess5tial "p 9 mo/ et*+s & engrav+s4 ,orig9ally ! arti/ drew direct on ! /eel1 copp]1 or wood block1 b z ! draw+ mu/ be rev]s$1 x requir$ a great deal ( skill to d ?is4 ,x 0 only aft] mu* practice t ! engrav] c\ld rev]se 8 sket* z he drew x1 & 9 mo/ cases he ei!r made a rev]s$ /udy on pap] to "w f1 or fa/5$ 8 draw+ opposite a mirror & drew f t4 ,z soon z photography came into use all ?is 0 simplifi$1 z ! draw+ 0 rev]s$ 9 ! photograph & mu* "t 0 sav$4 ,9 ! case ( wood engrav+1 :i* is ! *eape/ & mo/ p]i%able1 ! picture is photograph$ directly ^u ! block ( wood4 ,! /eel1 copp]1 or z9c plates are (t5 cov]$ ) "s waxy sub/ance & ! design drawn ^u !m ) f9e engrav]'s tools4 ,aft] ! draw+ is complet$ !re are ?ree di/9ct processes ( engrav+3 #a4 ,! l9es ( ! draw+ are sunk bel[ ! surface ( ! plate1 z 9 et*+s & /eel & copp]-plate engrav+s4 #b4 ,! backgr\nd is cut away or eat5 by acids1 leav+ ! l9es 9 relief z 9 wood engrav+s1 half tones1 & z9c plates4 #c4 ,!re is no relief or depression1 b ! surface is smoo?1 z 9 li?ographs4 ,9 et*+s & /eel & copp] plates ! surface is usually cov]$ ) a waxy sub/ance1 or some?+ :i* resi/s ! action ( acid4 ,!n x is (t5 smok$ s t x w be easi] to see ! l9es ( ! draw+ :i* are made ) f9e /eel tools1 cutt+ ?r\gh ! wax to ! surface ( ! metal4 ,x is n ! int5tion to cut ! metal1 b m]ely to scrat* ?r\gh ! coat ( wax to expose ! metal4 ,!n ! plate is put 9 acid1 & ea* l9e is eat5 into a groove v>y+ 9 dep? accord+ to h[ long x is left 9 ! acid4 ,if "s ( ! l9es are n deep en\gh1 ! re/ ( ! plate may be cov]$ ) ! waxy sub/ance & x may be put 9 ! acid _m times until all l9es are ! desir$ dep?4 ,a pr9t is made f ?is plate by cov]+ x ) ink1 all[+ ! ink to fill ! grooves1 & wip+ ! re/ ( ! plate clean4 ,!n pap] is press$ ^u x4 ,rembr&t ranks fir/ among et*]s4 ,o!r well-kn[n arti/s are ,albre*t ,dr]1 ,van ,dyck1 & ,james ,mc,neill ,:i/l]4 ,9 wood engrav+s1 half tones1 & z9c plates ! picture is ei!r drawn or photograph$ ^u ! plate4 ,!n ! spaces betwe5 ! l9es are ei!r cut away ) ! %>p /eel tools ( ! engrav]1 :i* v>y 9 %ape & size1 or1 ! l9es be+ protect$ by ! waxy sub/ance1 ! surfaces betwe5 are eat5 away by acid4 ,?us ! orig9al l9es are rais$ high] ?an ! re/ ( ! plate4 ,! rais$ l9es are !n ink$ & press$ aga9/ ! pap]4 ,a wood5 block may also be mold$ into a 8metal ca/0 9 ord] to pres]ve ! engrav+4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,li?ography 8,li?ography is ! art ( draw+ or writ+ ^u /one40 ,! be/ li?ograph /one is f\nd 9 ,bav>ia1 & is usually cut f ?ree to f\r in*es ?ick1 v>y+ 9 size f six by eight in*es to =ty-f\r by sixty-f\r4 ,! l>g] sizes are v r>e4 ,x is said t draw+s may be remov$ & "o /one us$ z _m z two hundr$ times4 ,sometimes z9c or alum9um plates are us$ z a sub/itute4 ,! draw+ mu/ be rev]s$ & %\ld be drawn direct ^u ! /one1 al?\gh transf] pap] is sometimes us$4 ,! ink or crayon us$ is made ( fatty sub/ances1 & :5 ! draw+ is complete ! /one is ba!d ) a solution :i* fixes ! l9es p]man5tly & gives !m a great] attraction = fatty sub/ances1 su* z pr9t]s' ink4 ,! spaces betwe5 ! l9es1 h[ev]1 d n attract ! ink1 s t :5 a roll] ( ink is pass$ ov] ! /one1 only ! l9es are affect$4 ,a piece ( pap] is !n press$ ^u ! /ones by ! aid ( ! pr9t+ press1 & e l9e ( ! draw+ is reproduc$4 ,! art ( engrav+ on metal plates is n new4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible 9 ! tw5ty-eigh? *apt] ( ,exodus1 ?irty-six? v]se4 ,! ,israelites probably le>n$ ! art f ! ,egyptians1 = !y1 z well z ! ,assyrians1 engrav$ ^u bo? /one & metal4 ,copp] engrav+s h be5 f\nd 9 mummy cases4 ,! ,egyptians d n seem to h ?\ght ( pr9t+ f ^! plates1 h[ev]4 ,9 ,india & ,*9a ! art dates back to remote times4 ,m>co ,polo describes money made 9 ,*9a by /amp+ x ) a seal cov]$ ) v]milion4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,sugge/ions ,,to ,,tea*]s ,/udy+ pictures4 ,a few days be=e a picture is to be /udi$1 x %\ld be plac$ :]e all memb]s ( ! class c see x4 ,z a prep>ation = ! lessons on ,illu/ration & ,c>toons1 pupils %\ld be told at lea/ a week 9 advance1 s t !y may save good examples to br+ to class4 ,mo/ tea*]s seem to feel t ! pupils are m int]e/$ 9 ?is "w :5 x is prep>$ & pres5t$ by memb]s ( ! class4 ,equally good results1 h[ev]1 are sometimes secur$ :5 ! tea*] provides ! subject-matt] & leads ! discussion4 ,pupils are sometimes able to br+ 9 specim5s ( copp]1 /eel1 or z9c plates1 & if a fri5d or a memb] ( "s pupil's family is a pr9t]1 engrav]1 or li?ograph]1 p]mission may be obta9$ = ! class to visit 8 place ( bus9ess4 ,9 t case1 a visit w\ld be mu* m b5eficial ?an a classroom lesson4 ,visits to an art museum1 :5 possible1 are equally in/ructive4 ,pupils ( gramm>-s*ool age h a t5d5cy to criticize pictures1 or1 p]haps we %\ld say1 to make rem>ks ab\t !m :i* (t5 cause o!rs to laugh4 ,?is practice soon gr[s into a habit :i*1 un=tunately1 is n conf9$ to *ildr5 alone1 z any visit to an exhibition ( pa9t+s w %[4 ,i h us$ ! foll[+ little /ory _m times & f\nd x help$ to disc\rage ?is habit3 ,! /ud5ts at an art s*ool 9 ,new ,york 7 tak5 = _! fir/ visit to ! great ,metropolitan ,art ,gall]y4 ,x 0 _! fir/ week at s*ool1 & !y 7 /rang]s to ! city1 to ! s*ool1 to ! tea*]1 &1 ) b few exceptions1 to ea* o!r4 ,! aft]noon pass$ all too quickly4 ,! next day _! in/ructor began to "q !m4 ,:at did !y ?9k ( ?is picture8 ,( t8 ,! fir/ pupil gave a sev]e criticism ( ! picture m5tion$1 z did 8 neighbor & o!rs 9 ! class4 ,7 !y n !re to /udy art & to le>n h[ to tell :at is wrong 9 pictures8 ,sudd5ly !y 7 amaz$ to f9d _! in/ructor laugh+ he>tily at !m4 8,!re10 %e said1 8y h done j :at beg9n]s always d4 ,y h look$ only = faults1 & y h f\nd faults40 ,%e !n tri$ to tell !m t until !y c\ld le>n to put !mselves 9 ! arti/'s place & to see ) 8 eyes1 s to speak1 ! picture he wi%$ to pa9t 7:i* is always inf9itely less ?an ! picture he does pa9t7 !y c\ld n hope to appreciate 8 picture4 ,!y 7 advis$ to /udy c>efully two or ?ree pictures :i* appeal$ to !m & to leave ! o!rs until great] k1 ga9$ ?r\gh exp]i5ce1 travel1 pa91 or pleasure1 %\ld make x possible = !m to und]/& ! message ( ! arti/4 ,! review lesson4 ,! review lesson %\ld cov] all pictures & arti/s /udi$ ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,at ?is "t o!r pictures available by ! same arti/s %\ld be on exhibition4 ,! review "w may be conduct$ z a conte/ 9 :i* ! pictures are held up1 "o at a "t1 :ile ! class writes ! "n ( ! picture & ! arti/ on slips ( pap] :i* h be5 prep>$ & numb]$ = t purpose4 ,_m tea*]s1 h[ev]1 w pref] to use ?is "t = composition "w1 al?\gh ! description ( pictures is (t5 giv5 z an ,engli% lesson4 ,pupils may write a description ( _! favorite picture4 ,9 fact1 ! lessons c be made to correlate ) hi/ory1 geography1 ,engli%1 spell+1 read+1 or nature /udy4 ,9 any ev5t ! real purpose ( ! "w is t ! pupils %all become s famili> ) ! pictures t !y w recognize !m z old fri5ds :5ev] & :]ev] !y may see !m4 ,x is hop$ t acqua9tance ) ! picture & ! int]e/ awak5$ by its /ory w gr[ into a full] appreciation & und]/&+ ( ! arti/'s "w4 ,?us ! *ildr5 w h _m happy h\rs & w le>n to love ! good1 ! true1 & ! beautiful 9 ev]y?+ ab\t !m4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,! ,table ( ,cont5ts includes 8,review ( ,pictures & ,arti/s ,/udi$0 b !re is no section conta9+ t in=mation4 ,miss+ or obscur$ punctuation 0 sil5tly correct$4 ,typographical errors 7 sil5tly correct$4 ,inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation 7 made consi/5t only :5 a pr$om9ant =m 0 f\nd 9 ?is book4 ,text t 0 9 italics is enclos$ by und]scores 7italics72 text t 0 bold by 8equal0 signs 7bold74