file :i* includes ! orig9al             
illu/rations4       ,see #fcjbg-;h4htm  
or #fcjbg-;h4zip3                       
7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/ca*e_/epub_/
#fcjbg_/pg#fcjbg-;images4html7       or 
7https3_/_/www4gut5b]g4org_/files_/#fcjb
g_/fcjbg-;h4zip7         ,images ( !    
orig9al pages are available ?r\gh       
,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,see                  
https3_/_/ar*ive4org_/details_/newwond](
world#jjri*      ,,! ,,new ,,wond] ,,(  
,,! ,,_w3 ,,buffalo1 ,,! ,,electric     
,,city                                  
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--------------------------------        
,,) ,,complim5ts ,,(                    
,,! ,,security ,,inve/m5t ,,company     
,,( ,,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y4              #aef
 ,,& #aeh ,,pe>l ,,/reet1 ,,corn] ,,*ur*
 ,,/reet4                               
--------------                          
,,capital1     #cjj1jjj4                
--------------                          
,,directors3               ,,*>les ,a4  
,,sweet1    ,presid5t ,?ird ,national   

,bank1 ,buffalo4               ,,john   
,,satt]field1    ,presid5t ,union ,oil  
,company1 ,buffalo4                     
,,edmund ,,hayes1        ,( ! ,union    
,bridge                                 
,works1 ,buffalo4               ,,hon4  
,,*>les         ,ex-,judge ,supreme     
,c\rt1              ,,daniels1          
,buffalo4               ,,james ,h4     
,,smi?1      ,director ( ! ,c>y ,safe   
,company1 ,buffalo4                     
,,walt] ,g4 ,,robb9s1   ,vice-,presid5t 
,buffalo                                
,fi% ,company1 ,buffalo4                
,,james ,r4 ,,au/91     ,real ,e/ate1   
,buffalo4               ,,james ,b4     
,,/af=d1   ,real ,e/ate1 ,buffalo4      
,,ri*>d ,h4 ,,/af=d1 ,real ,e/ate1      
,buffalo4               ,,francis ,b4   
,,?urb]1  ,presid5t ,?urb]-,:yl&        
,company1 :olesale                      
groc]s1 ,new ,york ,city4               
,,james ,e4 ,,granniss1   ,presid5t ,!  
,tradesm5's                             
,national ,bank1 ,new ,york             

,city4               ,,john ,,l\don1    
,capitali/1 ,altoona1 ,pa4              
,j4 ,m4 ,,guffey1        ,capitali/1    
,pittsburg1                             
,pa4   ,?is ,company furni%es ! inve/or 
a safe & reliable *annel ?r\gh :i* he   
may place 8 money4 ,great c>e & judgm5t 
us$ be=e putt+ an inve/m5t on ! m>ket4  
,l>ge & small inve/ors w f9d x greatly  
to _! advantage to exam9e ! li/ (       
inve/m5ts (f]$ by ?is ,company4  ,*oice 
real e/ate a specialty4  ,bonds &       
mortgages & o!r fir/-class securities   
h&l$4                                   
----------------------------------------
--------------------------------        
,illu/ration3    ,,! ,,niag>a           
,,cat>act--,,s\rce ,,( ,,buffalo',s     
,,electric ,,p[]4                       
----------------------------------------
--------------------------------   ,,!  
,,new ,,wond] ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,,buffalo3  
,,! ,,electric ,,city4  by  ,a4 ,e4     
,,ri*mond4   ,illu/ration       ,!      
,mat!ws-,nor?rup ,co41 ,complete        

,art-,pr9t+ ,works1 ,buffalo1 ,n4 ,y4   
#adbih  ,copyright1 #ahib               
----------------------------------------
--------------------------------        
,,niag>a',s voice s+s a new song4       
,?r\gh c\ntless ages x has ?und]$ =? its
 wild1 tumultu\s melody1 a pan to nature
 9 e tone4  ,n[ x s+s an an!m to        
indu/ry1 to sci5ce1 to inv5tive g5ius1  
to comm]cial prosp]ity4  ,! magic w& ( !
 electrician has be5 wav$1 & ! mighty   
voice swells & ro>s to new music ( new &
 m>vel\s p[]4  ,! new song ris+ f ! mi/ 
& ! spray ( ! cat>act h]alds a new era 9
 ,buffalo4  ,x h]alds ! evolution ( !   
,que5 ,city ( ! ,lakes into ! ,electric 
,city ( ! ,_w2 a smokeless1 du/less1    
:olesome city :]e ! myriad &            
ev]-increas+ :eels ( indu/ry w turn ) ! 
sil5t1 unse5 p[] g5]at$ f ,niag>a's     
unceas+ curr5t2 a city t w gr[ & attract
 & ga!r =ce & weal? & p until x comes to
 be kn[n z ! ,new ,wond] ( ! ,_w4       
----------------------------------------
--------------------------------     ,:5

 ! city ( ,buffalo1 "u ! favor+         
conditions :i* h br\ght x to its pres5t 
spl5did em95ce1 d\bles its population 9 
t5 ye>s1 & increases 9 weal? sev5       
million doll>s ye>ly1 :at c be =etold ( 
x :5 9 addition to all its pres5t       
weal?-produc+ res\rces x becomes !      
possessor ( an unlimit$ supply ( !      
*eape/ p[] 9 ! :ole _w6  ,contemplat+   
?is fact1 ! ,*icago ,tribune said3 8,by 
virtue ( hav+ ! *eape/ p[] = turn+ its  
ma*9]y1 ,buffalo w inevitably become !  
manufactur+ c5tre ( ! nation40  ,! ,new 
,york ,tribune adds ?is weighty te/imony
 to ! greatness ( our future3 8,! pa/ ( 
,buffalo is secure1 & h] manife/ de/9y  
is evid5tly to be some?+ trem5d\s40     
,already prep>ations are be+ made to br+
 to ,buffalo ! electric p[] f ! great   
tunnel at ,niag>a ,falls4 ,sev]al       
companies h be5 =m$ ( =emo/ bus9ess m51 
:o see t 9 ! di/ribution & application (
 ! mighty p[] to indu/rial uses !re are 
=tunes to be made1 & t ! pione]s 9 !    
task w w9 ! *ief prizes4  ,! "t =       

discuss+ ! practicability ( br++        
electric p[] f ,niag>a ,falls to        
,buffalo has gone by4 ,electrical sci5ce
 has settl$ ! "q completely4 ,x has be5 
demon/rat$ beyond all "q t electric p[] 
c be transmitt$ long di/ances )\t       
mat]ial loss4  ,a numb] ( ! greate/     
capitali/s1 & %rewde/ inve/ors 9 !      
,unit$ ,/ates1 are f9ancially int]e/$ 9 
! tunnel s*eme4 ,be=e !y put up _! money
 !y satisfi$ !mselves n only t ! p[]    
c\ld be produc$1 b t x c\ld be sold4    
,!y look$ at ,buffalo1 #bb miles away1 &
 saw a city ( ne>ly #cjj1jjj            
inhabitants1 spread ov] a l>ge t]ritory1
 ) ample opportunity = t]ritorial gr[?  
beyond ! pres5t limits1 a city 9 :i*    
#c1jjj new h\ses 7 built 9 ! ye> #ahia1 
& 9 :i* ne>ly "o hundr$ million doll>s  
is inve/$ 9 indu/rial ent]prises4 ,!y   
saw a city into :i* #bf l9es ( railroad 
ent]1 repres5t+ a total trackage ( ab\t 
#be1jjj miles1 & includ+ ! great trunk  
l9es lead+ ea/1 we/1 nor? & s\?1 tapp+  
all ! ri* raw-mat]ial /oreh\ses ( !     

cont95t at all po9ts4 ,!y saw t ,buffalo
 _h extraord9>y facilities = !          
di/ribution ( manufactures by rail1     
facilities creat$ by ! h& ( indu/ry1 &  
!y saw too nature's gr& gift 9 ! great  
*a9 ( lakes1 c\pl$ to ano!r gift (      
indu/ry1 ! ,erie canal1 giv+ u a wat]   
r\te to ! ,atlantic seabo>d4  ,^! m5 saw
 t "h 0 ! place :]e electric p[] c\ld be
 dispos$ ( 9 enorm\s quantities4 ,!y    
knew t !y c\ld s5d x "h almo/ z *eaply z
 !y c\ld di/ribute x 9 ! imm$iate       
vic9ity ( its po9t ( production1 & !y   
saw ! mighty c]ta9ties 9 a comb9ation ( 
unlimit$ *eap p[] = manufactur+ &       
extraord9>y %ipp+ facilities4 ,!y knew t
 a m>ket = _! electrical product 0 =ev] 
assur$1 & !y plant$ _! millions 9 ! e>? 
& rock ( ,niag>a4 ,bett] inve/m5t 0 nev]
 made4  ,read ! names ( "s ( ! great    
f9anci]s engag$ 9 ?is ent]prise3        
,william ,k4 ,v&]bilt1 ,*auncey ,m4     
,depew1 ,drexel1 ,morgan  ,co41 ,augu/  
,belmont1 ,br[n ,bros4  ,co41 ,isaac ,n4
 ,seligman1 ,w9sl[1 ,lam]  ,co41 ,morris

 ,k4 ,jessup & o!rs fam\s 9 ! f9ancial  
_w4                        ,,our ,,great
 ,,railroad ,,int]e/s4  ,buffalo is "o (
 ! greate/ railroad c5t]s 9 ! ,unit$    
,/ates4 ,its advantages = br++ 9 raw    
mat]ial *eaply & quickly are unequall$4 
,its railroad art]ies g =? 9 all        
directions1 rea*+ ! ri* m9es & f]tile   
fields & levy+ ^u ! weal? ( all2 & = !  
di/ribution ( manufactur$ products x    
occupies a comm&+ position unexcell$ by 
any city 9 ! c\ntry4 ,& to all ?is mu/  
be add$ its pe]less %ipp+ facilities by 
lake & canal1 c\pl$ ) ! fact ( its      
unique location at ! po9t ( tran%ipm5t  
betwe5 lake1 canal & railroad4  ,!      
railroad int]e/s ( ,buffalo are l>g] ?an
 _m resid5ts ( ! city h any idea (4 ,!re
 are m miles ( railroad tracks )9 ! city
 limits ?an 9 any o!r city 9 ! _w4 ,we h
 #ffj miles ( !m4 ,! railroads own ov]  
#c1fjj acres ( l& 9 ! city4 ,ov] "o-t5? 
( ! g5]al city taxes levi$ 9 ,buffalo is
 paid by ! railroads4 ,an army ( ov]    
#bj1jjj m5 are /eadily employ$ by !     

railroads 9 ,buffalo4 ,a great numb] (  
!m own _! own homes4 ,) _! families !y  
are num]\s en\gh to make a good-siz$    
city ( !mselves4  ,new indu/ries are    
con/antly be+ add$ to swell ! bulk (    
railroad ent]prises "h4 ,! locomotive   
%ops ( ! ,new ,york ,c5tral  ,hudson    
,riv] ,railroad are among ! late/4 ,!y w
 co/ half a million doll>s to build1 &  
!y w be equipp$ ) ! highe/ class (      
ma*9]y1 co/+ sev]al hundr$ ?\s& doll>s  
m4 ,x is ! int5tion )9 a few ye>s to    
sp5d ab\t two million doll>s on ^! %ops1
 mak+ !m ! l>ge/ & be/ equipp$          
locomotive %ops 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1      
rival+ ! ,altoona %ops1 n[ ! l>ge/ 9 !  
_w4  ,! build+ ( ! ,g\ld ,c> ,c\pl]     
,company's works adds ano!r to ! long   
li/ ( railroad supply %ops locat$ "h1   
among :i* are ! ,wagn] ,palace ,c>      
,works1 ,buffalo ,c> ,:eel ,works1 ,new 
,york ,c> ,:eel ,works1 ,rood  ,br[n ,c>
 ,:eel ,works1 all employ+ a l>ge numb] 
( m54 ,^! are ! k9d ( indu/ries t an*or 
a city to prosp]ity =ev]4  ,all ?is %[s 

:at a railroad c5t] ,buffalo is & :at   
spl5did facilities we h = receiv+ & s5d+
 by rail4                               
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,illu/ration3    ,,! ,,lake ,,&         
,,entrance ,,to ,,! ,,h>bor4            
,,lake ,,& ,,canal4  ,f /ati/ics ( lake 
comm]ce1 compil$ by ,*>les ,h4 ,keep1   
secret>y ( ! ,lake ,c>ri]s'             
,association1 ( ,buffalo1 x is le>n$ t  
#cj1bii1jjf tons ( c>go 7 c>ri$ on !    
great lakes dur+ ! ye> #ahij4 ,mr4 ,keep
 figures out t if all ?is tonnage 7     
load$ into railroad c>s ( fifte5 tons   
capacity1 !re w\ld be a /r+ ( c>s cov]+ 
#ac1dff miles ( railroad tracks1 or1 9  
o!r words1 f\r /r+s ( c>s f ,new ,york  
to ,san ,francisco & en\gh left ov] to  
run two /r+s ( c>s f ,new ,york to      
,*icago4 ,& mo/ ( ?is imm5se am\nt (    
tonnage came to ,buffalo1 or 0 %ipp$ f  
,buffalo4  8,dur+ ! season ( #ahij10 he 
cont9ues1 8m ?an n9e million tons ( ore 
7 mov$ by ! lake r\te f ! vic9ity ( !   

m9es to ! vic9ity ( ! furnaces40  ,to   
give fur!r pro( ( ! imm5se volume (     
trade fl[+ to & f ,buffalo1 "h are "s   
comp>ative figures3 ,dur+ #ahij ! am\nt 
( tonnage pass+ ?r\gh ! ,suez canal 0   
#f1hij1jid tons1 comp>$ ) #h1ded1dce    
tons pass+ ?r\gh ! ,/4 ,m>y's ,falls    
canal1 & #ba1fhd1jjj tons pass+ ?r\gh ! 
,detroit ,riv]4  ,9 #ahia1 f ,april #a/ 
to ,decemb] #a/1 ! gra91 includ+ fl\r1  
dis*>g$ f vessels at ! port ( ,buffalo1 
rea*$ ! /up5d\s am\nt ( #afd1dei1gbj    
bu%els4  ,9 #ahia ! total value (       
imports to ,buffalo by canal 0          
#bg1idb1bac1 & ! total value ( exports  
by canal ! same ye> 0 #cf1igh1jce4 ,to  
h&le ?is great volume ( bus9ess #aahj   
boats 7 9 use4                          
,,great ,,gra9 ,,/oreh\ses4  ,!re are   
#cd gra9 elevators 9 ,buffalo1 ) a total
 capacity ( #ae1jjj1jjj bu%els1 9       
addition to six float]s & six transf]   
elevators4 ,^! /ructures h a capacity = 
transf]r+ #d1jjj1jjj bu%els e #bd h\rs4 
,9 #ahia !y h&l$ #ace1cae1eaj bu%els4   

,_! total value is ov] #h1jjj1jjj4      
,sev]al new elevators ( giant size are  
plann$4 ,two ( !m are e/imat$ to co/ a  
million doll>s ea*4                     
,,:]e ,,trade ,,conc5trates4  ,buffalo's
 location is unique4 ,x is ! /opp+ (f   
place betwe5 di/ant sections = m51      
animals1 lumb]1 gra9 & g5]al m]*&ise4 ,!
 incid5tal bus9ess gr[+ out ( ?is fact  
is enorm\s4 ,gra91 coal1 iron1 oil1     
lumb] & o!r products ( ?is great c\ntry 
gravitate t[>d ,buffalo1 & "h !y are s5t
 to ! mills1 ref9]ies & factories1 or   
are transf]r$ f boats to c>s1 or c>s to 
boats1 & s5t ea/ or we/ z ! case may be4
  ,! gra9 receipts by lake at ?is port h
 m ?an tripl$ 9 ! pa/ t5 ye>s1 rea*+    
ne>ly #afe1jjj1jjj bu%els 9 #ahia4 ,^!  
%ipm5ts are b\nd to va/ly increase z new
 /ret*es ( c\ntry 9 ! ,we/ & ,nor?we/   
are op5$ up & tapp$ by railroad l9es4 ,!
 rec5t passage ( ! riv] & h>bor         
appropriation bill1 by :i* an exp5diture
 ( #d1jjj1jjj is au?oriz$ 9 secur+ a    
tw5ty-foot *annel = lake navigation1 w  

result 9 /ill l[] rates & greatly       
increas$ %ipm5ts by lake4 ,! sav+ 9 lake
 freights ov] ! av]age railroad rates 9 
#ahia 0 ab\t #aej1jjj1jjj4  ,_m ( !     
l>ge/ coal tre/les 9 ! _w are locat$ "h4
 ,?is is ! greate/ coal di/ribut+ po9t 9
 ! _w4 ,our coal trade is simply        
enorm\s4 ,to give an indication ( ?is1 x
 is suffici5t to quote ! coal %ipm5ts by
 lake alone f ,buffalo 9 #ahia4 ,!y     
am\nt$ to #b1cfe1hie tons1 & ! %ipm5ts  
by canal & rail 7 v l>ge4 ,a cons]vative
 e/imate places ! value ( prop]ty us$ 9 
! coal trade "h at #aj1jjj1jjj4 ,?is    
e/imate1 ( c\rse1 does n include vessels
 engag$ 9 ! coal trade1 nor railroad    
prop]ty outside ( t actually devot$ to !
 coal bus9ess4  ,! lumb] trade "h is    
ph5om5ally l>ge4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is to be
 expect$1 ow+ to our location at ! foot 
( ! great lakes4 ,! ri* lumb]+ di/ricts 
bord]+ ^u ! lakes are tribut>y to u1 & !
 consequ5ce is t ,buffalo & ,tonaw&a1   
:i* are practically "o1 receive &       
di/ribute imm5se quantities ( lumb]4    

,?is is1 9 fact1 ! greate/ di/ribut+    
po9t = lumb] 9 ! _w4  ,9 addition to all
 ?is1 we h ! l>ge/ %eep m>ket 9 ! _w1 "o
 ( ! l>ge/ horse m>kets 9 ! _w1 &1 next 
to ,*icago1 ! l>ge/ cattle m>ket 9 ! _w4
                           ,,! ,,wond]  
,,( ,,! ,,_w4  ,! facts giv5 above are  
all drawn f compil$ /ati/ics ( ! city1 &
 all %[ ! spl5did f\ndation t has be5   
built = ! va/ city ( ! ne> future :5 !  
electric elixir f ,niag>a's mighty p[]  
fl[s ?r\gh all our comm]cial ve9s &     
art]ies1 *eap5+ ! co/ ( production s t  
outside competition c be defi$1 build+  
up e e/abli%$ ent]prise1 br++ numb]less 
new ones into life1 & mak+ ( ,buffalo ! 
,man*e/] ( ! new _w6 ,m ?an t1 x w be ! 
wond] ( ! _w1 ! pe]less1 m>vel\s        
electric city6  ,all ?is is com+4 ,!re  
is no *ance ab\t x4 ,x is "p ( ! great  
onw>d movem5t ( ! _w4 ,x is human       
progress1 b 9 ?is case x is a trem5d\s  
/ride1 a lifetime ( ord9>y mom5tum at a 
b\nd4  ,c5tury aft] c5tury ! wat]s ( !  
8unsalt$ seas0 leap$ ov] ,niag>a's      

precipice1 full ( s\nd & fury1 b        
signify+ no?+ beyond ! gr&eur ( ,nature 
9 h] wilde/ mood4 ,n[1 t[>ds ! close ( !
 n9ete5? c5tury1 ?is m>vel ( =ce is *a9$
 to man's uses1 & a p[] suffici5t to run
 ! ma*9]y ( ! _w is levi$ ^u = indu/rial
 purposes4  ,illu/ration3    ,,:]e ,,!  
,,gold5 ,,gra9 ,,is ,,/or$--,,!         
,,elevator ,,di/rict4   ,?is tunnel     
project is a spl5did illu/ration ( human
 ent]prise1 ( :i* !re has be5 an endless
 procession ( illu/rations4 ,?9k ( a few
 ( ! great ?+s t h be5 accompli%$4 ,x   
became necess>y to cross oceans1 & sail+
 vessels 7 built4 ,! application ( /eam 
came1 & ! %ips fold$ _! w+s & flew fa/] 
?an ev] !y did be=e4 ,! _w dem&$ swift  
spe$ ^u l&1 & railroads 7 born1 culm9at+
 9 an ,empire ,/ate ,express t flies f  
,new ,york to ,buffalo 9 a little ov]   
eight h\rs4 ,lightn+ leap$ f ! cl\ds to 
copp] wires & girdl$ ! e>? ) in/antane\s
 intellig5ce1 & our voices spe$ swift]  
?an ?\ght f city to city4  ,! problems (
 ! _w are be+ solv$ "o by "o4  ,?is is !

 electric age1 & :o c =etell :at mighty 
?+s may come 9 ! tra9 ( ! pione] "w )   
,niag>a's p[]6 ,x is propos$ at pres5t  
to produce #abe1jjj horse-p[]4 ,!       
,sci5tific ,am]ican e/imates t ! =ce 9  
,niag>a's curr5t am\nts to sev]al       
millions ( horse-p[]4 ,! pres5t tunnel c
 be duplicat$ aga9 & aga9 z necessity   
dem&s4 ,! sale ( #ae1jjj horse-p[] w    
c>ry ! pres5t inve/m5t1 leav+ #aaj1jjj  
horse-p[] = cle> pr(it4 ,! company has a
 capital ( #aj1jjj1jjj to draw f1 & a   
numb] ( ! greate/ capitali/s 9 ! c\ntry 
are beh9d ! movem5t4 ,x is c]ta91 !n1 t 
developm5t w keep pace ) ! dem&1 & t all
 ! electric p[] ne$$ w be =?com+4 ,we h 
! great inexhau/ible /oreh\se ( ,niag>a 
to draw f =ev]1 & human ent]prise c be  
dep5d$ ^u to dig ! gold t may be _h = ! 
digg+4  ,buffalo1 ) h] ph5om5al         
facilities = tapp+ ! m9es1 ! lumb] =e/s1
 ! gra9 fields & all ! o!r ri* /oreh\ses
 ( ! c\ntry1 & ) equal facilities =     
di/ribut+ ! manufactur$ product1 w1 (   
c\rse1 be ! *ief m>ket = ! electric p[] 

produc$ at ! ,falls4 ,x c be br\ght "h  
)\t mat]ial loss 9 transmission1 :ile ! 
transportation advantages conf]r$ by    
,buffalo's unique location _c be        
transmitt$4 ,!y are immovable z ! et]nal
 hills4  ,! result is n h>d to trace4   
,buffalo is go+ to be ! ,electric ,city 
( ! _w1 in/ead ( ! ,que5 ,city ( !      
lakes4  ,9 ! l>g] manufactur+ conc]ns "h
 ! co/ ( /eam p[] has be5 br\ght d[n to 
ab\t #ce p] horse-p[] p] ye>4 ,! co/ (  
p[] 9 ! small] manufactur+ conc]ns is   
mu* great] ?an ?is sum4  ,x is e/imat$ t
 ! electric p[] f ! ,falls c be sold 9  
,buffalo1 ready = in/ant use by t\*+ a  
button1 at little m ?an half ! pres5t   
co/ ( /eam p[]4 ,"h is room = ?\ght &   
comp>ison on ! "p ( ^? engag$ 9         
manufactur+ ent]prises4  ,does n *eap   
p[] settle ! "q ( a city's manufactur+  
greatness8 ,c !re be any appeal f su*   
settlem5t8  ,give any city advantages 9 
! way ( *eap & abundant p[] n enjoy$ by 
any o!r city on ! face ( ! e>? & :at is 
! natural result8 ,! eyes ( manufactur]s

 ev]y:]e are focus$ ^u t city4  ,give to
 a city unequal$ transportation         
facilities & ! *eape/ p[] 9 ! _w1 & y h 
! conditions = build+ up ! greate/      
indu/rial c5t] 9 ! _w4  ,?is is         
,buffalo's position4  ,f>-sight$ m5 d n 
talk any m ab\t ! possibilities (       
,buffalo's future4 ,!y talk ab\t        
c]ta9ties4 ,!y say ) ! ,new ,york       
,tribune3 8,! pa/ ( ,buffalo is secure1 
& h] manife/ de/9y is evid5tly to be    
some?+ trem5d\s40  ,truly1 z has be5    
said by ,samuel ,wilkeson1 ,buffalo     
holds ! key to ! comm]ce ( an inl&      
empire4                            ,,!  
,,gr[? ,,( ,a ,,ye>4  ,! ,buffalo ,city 
,directory = #ahib %[s ab\t #f1jjj m    
names ?an 7 conta9$ 9 la/ ye>'s         
directory4 ,9 ord] to compute !         
population ( a city1 x is usual to      
multiply ! numb] ( names 9 ! directory  
by #c1 z1 = ! mo/ "p1 only ! names (    
heads ( families appe> !re4 ,"s cities  
multiply by #d4 ,x is c]ta9ly v mode/ to
 make ! multipli] #c1 :i* is usually    

done 9 ,buffalo4 ,^u ?is basis x w be   
se5 t ! increase 9 our population dur+ !
 pa/ ye> 0 #ai1ejj1 en\gh p ga9$ 9      
twelve mon?s to make a city z l>ge z    
,lockport1 ,n4 ,y41 & ne>ly z l>ge z    
,oswego1 ,n4 ,y4 ,c\nt+ #c p to "o "n 9 
! directory1 we h a population1 9 ,june1
 #ahib1 ( #big1cge4  ,! increase dur+ ! 
ye> has be5 no m ?an ! usual /eady      
increase 9 ! population ( ! city4 ,) !  
addition ( *eap electric p[] z a cause =
 gr[?1 !re c be no "q b t ! increase 9  
future ye>s w be mu* m rapid ?an 9 !    
pa/4                             ,a     
,,gl[+ ,,prophecy4  ,on ,febru>y #ai1   
#ahhh1 be=e ev] a drill _h be5 />t$ 9 ! 
,niag>a tunnel1 & be=e ! project _h     
attract$ mu* att5tion1 ! ,new ,york     
,times utt]$ ?is gl[+ prophecy =        
,buffalo3      8,e furr[ turn$ on       
,dakota's pla9s1 almo/ e bl[     /ruck )
 ke5-edg$ axes 9 ! =e/s t /& on !       
rugg$ ,lake ,sup]ior region2 ! ceaseless
 hamm]+ (     compress$-air drills 9    
,lake ,v]million iron m9es2 ! "w (      

?\s&s ( ,p5nsylvania coal m9]s--9 %ort1 
almo/ e     bl[ /ruck 9 prim>y          
productive indu/ry 9 ! region           
tribut>y to ! lakes adds to ! prosp]ity 
( ,buffalo4444     ,?is region has prov$
 to be ! mo/ productive ( freight (     
all ! lake regions1 & ! comm]ce ( ,lake 
,sup]ior is /ill     9 its infancy4444  
,buffalo w inevitably become ! greate/  
mill+ city on e>?40  ,illu/ration3      
,,lafayette ,,squ>e ,,& ,,soldi]s'      
,,monum5t                   ,,! ,,great 
,,sci5tific ,,pap]',s ,,view ,,( ,,x4   
,! ,sci5tific ,am]ican1 9 its issue (   
,m>* #e1 #ahib1 conta9$ an extremely    
int]e/+ article on ! "w & int5tions ( ! 
,niag>a ,falls ,p[] ,company4 ,aft]     
speak+ ( ! me?ods ( con/ruction1 etc41 !
 article says3      8,x is n[ !         
expectation ( ! company to make its fir/
     l>ge contract = ! deliv]y ( p[] at 
a di/ance f !     ,falls1 ) ! city (    
,buffalo1 #c1jjj horse-p[] be+          
requir$ = ! light+ ( ! city4 ,! pres5t  
co/ ( a     /eam horse-p[] 9 ,buffalo is

 put at #ce p] ye>1 & !     company (f]s
 to contract to furni% p[] on its gr\nds
 at     ! ,falls accord+ to ! foll[+    
scale3 ,= #e1jjj     horse-p[]1 #aj p]  
horse-p[]2 = #d1ejj1 #aj4ej2 = #d1jjj1  
#aa2 & s on d[n to #cjj horse-p[]1 = :i*
 !re w be     *>g$ #ba p] horse-p[] p]  
annum1 ea* p[] to be suppli$     =      
tw5ty-f\r h\r days4 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1
 t if !     co/ ( transmission be )9    
pres5t expectations1 ! company     w be 
able to furni% p[] at ,buffalo at a mu* 
l[] price     ?an x is at pres5t to be  
_h at1 & = a f> l>g] field     (        
usefulness ?an ! m]e light+ ( ! city4   
,accord+ to     ! mo/ successful ( all !
 rec5t ef=ts 9 ! way (     practically  
transmitt+ p[] electrically = a         
consid]able     di/ance1 only ab\t      
tw5ty-five p] c5t4 ( ! p[] 0 lo/     9  
transmitt+ x by wire a di/ance ( #ajh   
miles4 ,?is degree     ( success 0      
atta9$ at ! rec5t ,frank=t exposition40 
,,:at ,,era/us ,,wiman ,,says4  ,t      
well-kn[n & successful f9anci]1 ,era/us 

,wiman1 ( ,new ,york1 :o is deeply      
int]e/$ 9 electrical ent]prises1 read a 
v able pap] at ! conv5tion ( ! ,national
 ,electric ,light ,association held 9   
,buffalo 9 ,febru>y1 #ahib4 ,9 8 pap] he
 devot$ consid]able att5tion to !       
,niag>a ,falls tunnel s*eme1 & among o!r
 ?+s he said3      8,h[ va/ is ! int]nal
 comm]ce t ?robs & pulsates ov]     ?is 
fair l& we may n n[ /op to e/imate1 & h[
     important a "p ?is great city (    
,buffalo is de/9$ to play     9 x1      
electrically1 we c only dimly guess4 99 
99 99 ,! :ole     electrical community  
are wat*+ ) int5se int]e/ !             
possibility ( ! developm5t 9 ?is city ( 
,buffalo     electrical transmission    
aris+ out ( ! successful ef=t     :i* is
 n[ be+ made to h>ness ! p[] hi!rto     
lat5t 9     ! ,niag>a ,riv]4 ,! boldness
 ( ! proposal1 ! ext5t &     "* ( !     
ent]prise :i* is n[ ne>+ completion 9   
?is ef=t1 ! pluck & pu% 9 ! "w1 *all5ge 
alike !     att5tion ( ! eng9e]+ & !    
comm]cial _w4 ,!     relation ( ?is     

enorm\s p[] ( nature to ! transmission (
     electricity is ! mo/ important     
consid]ation :i* n[     occupies !      
?\ghts ( ^? mo/ int]e/$4 ,! success     
:i* has att5d$ ! ?ree-phase curr5t f    
,lauff5 to     ,frank=t 9 ! transmission
 ( p[] #aab miles1 )\t     mat]ial loss1
 comes j at ! "r mom5t to make x seem   
possible t ! enorm\s pot5tialities 9 !  
=ces (     ,niag>a c be made to rea* a  
degree ( usefulness nev] dreamt     ( 9 
! pa/ & h>dly realiz$ 9 ! wond]ful      
pres5t4 ,x     seems =tunate1 !re=e1 t !
 conv5tion :i* is "h     assembl$ %\ld1 
z x 71 be 9 ! pres5ce ( ! mo/           
/up5d\s ev5t possible 9 ! hi/ory ( !    
sci5ce (     electricity4 ,9 !          
developm5t ( ! next few ye>s w be       
f\nd ample food = ?\ght & ef=t1 out (   
:i* may gr[ a     relief = electric     
light+ plants ( ! greate/ possible      
consequ5ce4 ,if 9 ! city ( ,buffalo & f 
! ,niag>a     ,riv] !re c be transmitt$ 
p[] 9 su* enorm\s     proportions z are 
n[ contemplat$1 sub-divid$ & r$uc$1 s   

t into e factory & almo/ into e h\se !  
=ce     & en]gy c be controll$ & op]at$1
 !re is lat5t 9     e c5tral /ation !   
possibilities t may come to e     t[n 9 
! c\ntry & to all electric light plants 
n[ ly+     idle dur+ ! day1 an imitation
 9 modifi$ =m ( ! p[]     t ( all =ces 9
 ! _w1 ,niag>a is ! be/ example40       
8,,! ,,manufactur+ ,,c5tre ,,( ,,!      
,,nation40  ,)9 ! pa/ ye> or two1 &     
p>ticul>ly dur+ #ahib1 ,buffalo has     
receiv$ a great deal ( att5tion f !     
press 9 all p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,! lead+   
newspap]s ( ! l>ge cities h discuss$ !  
"q ( ,buffalo's future gr[?1 & ! g5]al  
conc5sus ( op9ion has be5 t x w be      
ph5om5ally l>ge4  ,among ! newspap]s t h
 ent]$ into ?is discussion is ! ,*icago 
,tribune4 ,x /&s 9 ! front rank ( !     
great j\rnals ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is v
 ably edit$1 is a /]l+1 cons]vative     
newspap]1 & its editorial utt]ances c>ry
 great weight4 ,9 its issue ( ,m>* #ac1 
#ahib1 x pr9t$ a lead+ editorial ab\t   
,buffalo1 & x is "h produc$ 9 full3     

8,a rec5t article 9 ! ,tribune sett+ =? 
! prospect     t ?is city w ere long be 
! c5tre ( op]ations 9 !     ,unit$      
,/ates = ! l>ge/ electrical company 9 ! 
_w     has incit$ m ?an "o good-humor$  
prote/ t ! p     "h are expect+ too mu*4
 ,! ,new ,york ,tribune & !     ,buffalo
 ,express bo? call att5tion to ! fact t 
,buffalo     has great expectations 9   
?is matt] ( be+ ! electrical     c5tre (
 ! _w4 ,) ,niag>a ,falls beh9d x1 & a   
consequ5ce ( ! fact1 ,buffalo is claim$ 
to be loom+ up z     ! *ief manufactur+ 
& %ipp+ c5tre ( ! int]ior4      8,9 !   
c\rse ( a few mon?s f n[ !              
practicability (     conv]t+ ! ,falls   
into a s\rce ( p[]1 light1 heat1 &      
refrig]ation is to be demon/rat$4 ,a    
company is n[     con/ruct+ tunnels &   
sett+ a s]ies ( turb9e :eels 9          
position f :i* x is expect$ to obta9    
#abj1jjj horse-p[]     )\t ! combu/ion (
 a s+le p\nd ( fuel4 ,if x succe$s     9
 ?is1 e :eel 9 ,buffalo c be turn$ & e  
build+     light$ & heat$ at ! l[e/     

possible co/4 ,) ?is     enorm\s        
electrical p[] transmitt$ to ! city &   
di/ribut$ ?r\gh x coal w no long] be    
burn$ !re1 &     ! /eam eng9e w be      
disp5s$ ) 9 manufactur+     processes4  
,by virtue ( hav+ ! *eape/ p[] = turn+  
its ma*9]y ,buffalo w inevitably become 
! manufactur+     c5tre ( ! nation4 ,?is
 is ! =eca/ made by practical           
electricians & endors$ by %rewd bus9ess 
m5 z a s\nd     d$uction1 w>rant$1 too1 
by a glance at ! rem>kable     progress 
a*iev$ by ! city dur+ ! la/ decade4     
8,9 t p]iod ! city at ! foot ( ,lake    
,erie increas$ its     coal traffic #chg
 p] c5t41 its iron receipts #bbf p]     
c5t41 its     population by #hi p] c5t41
 & fully d\bl$ its gra9 receipts     &  
lumb] %ipm5ts4 ,x is already ! l>ge/    
gra9-receiv+     & coal-di/ribut+ c5t] 9
 ! _w1 ! pr9cipal lumb]     port 9 !    
c\ntry1 & "o ( ! greate/ m>kets = live  
/ock & fi%4 ,its numb] ( manufactur+    
e/abli%m5ts     increas$ #bjj p] c5t4 f 
#ahhj to #ahij1 & x is n[     consid]$  

c]ta9 t !y w m ?an treble aga9 by !     
end ( ! c5tury ) ! conv]sion ( ! ,falls 
into a     s\rce ( electrical p[]1 :ile 
! population w increase     f #cjj1jjj  
to #a1jjj1jjj4 ,& x is said #8,buffalo  
n[ seems     de/9$ to ga9 /eadily ^u    
,*icago 9 ! race =     comm]cial        
supremacy4'   ,illu/ration3    ,,buffalo
 ,,& ,,its ,,electric ,,p[] ,,h\se4     
8,t is a noble ambition1 & ! ,tribune   
sees no reason to     f9d fault ) x4 ,b 
x %\ld n be =gott5 t ,*icago     w also 
gr[1 s t ,buffalo may /ill be a long way
 beh9d     :5 h] promise ( a million    
inhabitants w h be5     realiz$4 ,yet x 
may be said t ! prospects ( gr[? are    
set =? only 9 a mild way by ei!r ( !    
pap]s nam$4 ,if     ! transf]5ce (      
electrical p[] be p]=m$ z *eaply &      
effici5tly z is n[ expect$ ! result may 
be a spe$y     removal ?i!r ( mu* ( !   
manufactur+ indu/ry ( ,new     ,engl&1 a
 l>ge %>e ( ! #8,yankee notion' bus9ess 
t n[     fl\ri%es 9 ^? ,ea/]n ,/ates1 & 
no little ( !     manufactur+ en]gy t at

 pres5t exhibits itself 9 !     small]  
cities ( ,new ,york & ,new ,j]sey4      
,possibly ! silk     indu/ry ( ! latt] w
 be f\nd seek+ ! prop9quity (     !     
,falls4 ,troy & ,ro*e/]1 p>ticul>ly !   
latt]1 are     likely to be injuri\sly  
affect$1 unless x be f\nd t !     p[] c 
be transmitt$ to !m ) b little loss1 &  
,clevel& may be a great los]1 :ile ev5 !
 wool5 mills (     ,philadelphia may be 
unable to compete ) ^? ( ! new     c5t]4
 ,9 %ort1 ! possibilities = pap] mills1 
fl\r     mills1 cotton & wool5          
manufactories1 & a ho/ ( o!r     hives (
 indu/ry clu/]+ !re is limit$ only by ! 
quantity ( p[] available f ! desc5d+    
wat]s1 & ?is     great prosp]ity w n br+
 ) x ! smudge (     coal-burn+1 :i* has 
defil$ ! build+s & pollut$ !            
atmosph]e ( o!r cities t h attempt$     
greatness by     *ang+ to m useful =ms !
 raw products ( nature4 ,b x     is h>d 
to see h[ any or all ( ?is c mat]ially  
hurt     ,*icago1 & ! p ( ?is city c    
well af=d to wi%     ^? ( ,buffalo      

success 9 _! new dep>ture40             
8,,ano!r ,,man*e/]40  ,9 a v able lead+ 
editorial1 pr9t$ 9 ! ,new ,york ,tribune
 ( ,febru>y #g1 #ahib1 ! future (       
,buffalo 0 gl[+ly mirror$4 ,su*         
utt]ances f su* a s\rce speak volumes1 &
 %[ ! comm&+ position to :i* ,buffalo   
has ris5--a position t attracts !       
att5tion ( ! newspap]s ( national em95ce
 z well z ( ! greate/ capitali/s ( !    
c\ntry4 ,! article ref]r$ to is h]e)    
pr9t$ entire3      8,*icago has be5 s   
int5t ^u rival+ ,new ,york 9 population 
& comm]cial importance t x has ov]look$ 
! *ances (     competition f ano!r city 
9 ! ,empire ,/ate4 ,buffalo1 )          
,niag>a ,falls beh9d x1 is loom+ up z ! 
*ief     manufactur+ & %ipp+ c5t] ( !   
int]ior4 ,9 ! c\rse     ( a few mon?s ! 
practicability ( conv]t+ ! ,falls into  
a s\rce ( p[]1 light1 heat &            
refrig]ation is to be     demon/rat$4   
,if ! company :i* is n[ con/ruct+       
tunnels     & sett+ a s]ies (           
turb9e-:eels1 succe$s 9 obta9+          

#abj1jjj horse-p[]1 e :eel 9 ,buffalo c 
be turn$ &     e h\se light$ & heat$ at 
! l[e/ co/4 ,) ?is     enorm\s          
electrical p[] transmitt$ & di/ribut$   
?r\gh\t     ! city1 coal w no long] be  
burn$ & /eam eng9es w     be disp5s$ ) 9
 manufactur+ processes4 ,buffalo1 by    
virtue     ( hav+ ! *eape/ p[] = turn+  
its :eels1 w     inevitably become !    
manufactur+ c5t] ( ! nation4 ,?is     is
 ! =eca/ made1 n only by sangu9e        
electricians1 b     also by %rewd1      
practical bus9ess m51 :o h wat*$ !      
rem>kable progress ( ! city dur+ ! la/  
decade4      8,ev5 )\t ! successful     
op]ation ( ! tunnel plant at            
,niag>a1 ,buffalo s9ce #ahhj has        
increas$ its population #hi p]     c5t41
 its gra9 receipts #aja p] c5t41 its    
lumb] %ipm5ts     #abe p] c5t41 its iron
 receipts #bbf p] c5t41 & its coal      
bus9ess #cfg p] c5t4 ,! comm]ce ( !     
great lakes has     involv$ ex*anges (  
:eat & coal4 ,all ! coal-c>ry+          
corporations h made ,buffalo _! %ipp+   

po9t = ! ,we/     because ! gra9-lad5   
fleet is available = return c>goes4     
,! city is n only ! l>ge/ gra9-receiv+ &
     coal-di/ribut+ c5t] 9 ! _w1 b x is 
also !     pr9cipal lumb] port ( !      
c\ntry & "o ( ! greate/     live-/ock & 
fi% m>kets4 ,) coal1 iron1 lumb] & salt 
available = ! f\nd+ ( new indu/ries1 x  
has increas$     its numb] ( manufactur+
 indu/ries ov] #bjj p] c5t4 dur+     !  
la/ decade4 ,^! are sub/antial results  
:i* w>rant !     conclusion t ! success 
( ! project = conv]t+     ,niag>a ,falls
 into a s\rce ( electric p[] w raise !  
population ( ,buffalo f #cjj1jjj to     
#a1jjj1jjj 9 ano!r     decade4 ,!       
manufactur+ int]e/s ( ! c\ntry w        
inevitably c5t] :]e electric p[] co/+ a 
fraction (     ei!r wat] or /eam p[] c  
be suppli$ toge!r ) all     raw         
mat]ials4 ,) ! help ( ,niag>a1 ,buffalo 
n[ seems     de/9$ to ga9 /eadily ^u    
,*icago 9 ! race =     comm]cial        
supremacy4      8,x has be5 =tunate =   
,buffalo t prosp]ity has n     ov]:elm$ 

x sudd5ly1 & t x has _h leisure =       
prep>+ = its good =tune4 ,already x is !
 h&some/     resid5ce city 9 ,am]ica1 ) 
broad1 heavily-%ad$ /reets     pav$ )   
asphalt1 ) a well-design$ s]ies (       
beautiful     p>ks1 & ) public build+s1 
hotels1 libr>ies & music     halls wor?y
 ( a great t[n4 ,if its weal?y class    
live 9     luxuri\s palaces incomp>ably 
f9] ?an ! resid5ces (     ,ea/]n        
millionaires1 its poor & humble artisans
 are h\s$ 9     neat & ta/eful cottages4
 ,x is a *>m+ city ( homes &     dome/ic
 com=t1 :i* is gradually be+ trans=m$   
into "o     ( ! busie/ hives ( ,am]ican 
manufactur+ indu/ry4 ,x is     at lea/ a
 pleasant ?\ght t ?r\gh ! transmission (
     p[] n[ go+ to wa/e at ,niag>a ?is  
well-kept & :olesome     t[n may escape 
! smudge ( coal-burn+ :i* has f\l$      
,*icago & impair$ ! fre%ness & beauty ( 
,clevel&4 ,if     by ! end ( ano!r      
decade e :eel 9 x f ! trolleys     on ! 
electric railways to ! l>ge/ iron la! 9 
its     eng9e]+ works be turn$ by p[]   

g5]at$ by ! turb9es     at ,niag>a1 x w 
be ano!r ,man*e/]1 b )\t smoke &        
grime40                                 
,,am]ica',s ,,h&some/ ,,city4  ,! latt] 
portion ( ! ,tribune article draws      
att5tion to "s v notewor?y facts        
connect$ ) ,buffalo4 ,:5 ! ,tribune says
 t ,buffalo is 8! h&some/ resid5ce city 
9 ,am]ica10 x tells ! exact tru?4 ,all  
,buffalonians are des]v$ly pr\d ( !     
beauties ( _! city4 ,_m times has !     
writ] he>d exclamations ( surprise &    
delight f ! lips ( /rang]s :o1 = ! fir/ 
"t1 7 be+ driv5 ?r\gh our beautiful     
av5ues & p>k roads4 ,our /reets are     
exceptionally wide & well-pav$4 ,c>e 9  
tree-plant+ has l$ to magnific5t        
results4 ,well-kept1 velvety lawns (    
spaci\s ext5t are ! rule1 & make f9e    
sett+ = ! ?\s&s ( ar*itectural gems (   
homes ) :i* ! city is /udd$4 ,x has be5 
said ov] & ov] aga9 by travel$ /rang]s t
 ,buffalo has m f9e ar*itecture 9       
resid5ces1 m beautiful homes ?an any o!r
 city ( its size 9 ! _w4  ,we _h1 at !  

close ( ! summ] ( #ahia1 ab\t #aje l9eal
 miles ( asphalt$ /reets4 ,x is h>d z a 
rock & smoo? z a floor & full ( re/ful  
delight to ^? :o drive ov] its smoo?1   
clean surface4 ,p]sonal pride tak5 by ! 
prop]ty-own]s 9 its trim beauty leads to
 its be+ swept & clean$ daily1 :i* is   
done at trifl+ exp5se4 ,asphalt is be+  
laid 9 ?is city at ! rate ( ab\t tw5ty  
l9eal miles p] ye>1 & we h n[ m miles ( 
asphalt$ /reets ?an any o!r city 9 ! _w4
   ,illu/ration3    ,,view ,,( ,,an     
,,asphalt$ ,,resid5ce ,,/reet4   ,! p>k 
sy/em ( ,buffalo conta9s ab\t #ijj acres
 ( h&some l&1 :i* has be5 laid out by   
,fr$]ick ,l4 ,olm/$1 ! em95t l&scape    
arti/1 & its natural beauty wond]fully  
add$ to4 ,x lies close to ! f9] resid5ce
 portion ( ! city1 & is readily rea*$ f 
all sections4 ,l& = new p>ks on ! s\?   
side ( ! city & along ! lake has rec5tly
 be5 b\ght1 mak+ spl5did additions to ! 
p>k sy/em4  ,! s*ool sy/em ( ,buffalo   
ranks des]v$ly high4 ,we h ov] fifty    
gramm> s*ools1 "o high s*ool1 ano!r l>ge

 s*ool build+ us$ = ! ov]fl[ & a new    
high s*ool project$4 ,we h a ,/ate      
,normal ,s*ool1 ,k9d]g>t5s1 doz5s (     
p>o*ial & private s*ools1 & we h tak5   
/eps to e/abli% manual tra9+ s*ools4    
,we h m$ical colleges ( high /&+1       
bus9ess colleges ( national reputation1 
"s spl5did public libr>ies1 sev]al ( !  
f9e/ !at]s 9 ! c\ntry1 & h&some *ur*es  
)\t numb]4 ,no city has m "r ?an has    
,buffalo to be call$ ! city ( *ur*es4   
,we h ab\t #aej ( !m4  ,! social        
atmosph]e ( ,buffalo is delightful1 &   
visitors to ?is city always c>ry away ) 
!m v pleasant memories ( our social     
life4  ,9 %ort1 !re is 9 ,buffalo e     
ref9em5t ( civilization ( ! highe/ type4
 ,! busy man ( affairs :o seeks1 at !   
same "t1 inve/m5t = 8 capital & *>m+    
social advantages = 8 family1 c f9d 9   
,buffalo all t he desires4              
,a ,,city ,,( ,,homes4  ,& !re is /ill  
ano!r phase ( ?is subject t %\ld be t\*$
 ^u4 ,buffalo is a city ( homes = !     
humble z well z ! ri*4 ,x is a city full

 ( ! sweet cont5t t belongs to !        
home-build]4 ,build+ & loan             
associations1 ( :i* we h a great numb]1 
h mat]ially help$ to br+ ab\t ?is       
result4 ,b x is a fact t ^! associations
 ?rive only 9 soil suit$ to !m4 ,!y are 
! outgr[? ( /]l+ wor?1 sobriety & manly 
ambition4 ,:]e !y ?rive we f9d good     
workm5 ( cons]vative in/9cts1 :o are    
av]se to tak+ "p 9 labor tr\bles4 ,?is  
is believ$ to be ! *ief reason :y       
,buffalo has always enjoy$ a s+ul>      
fre$om f /rikes4 ,be ! cause :at x may1 
x is a fact t /rikes are ( a r>e        
occurr5ce "h2 & :5 !y h occurr$ !y h be5
 quickly settl$4 ,! firebr&s ( labor    
agitations h _h v little enc\ragem5t "h4
  ,x is ! m easy = workm5 to own _! own 
homes 9 ,buffalo f ! fact t l& values "h
 are rem>kably l[4 ,we /ret* ov] a l>ge 
section ( t]ritory & h pl5ty ( room =   
our p4  ,a fir/-class electric /reet c> 
s]vice gives easy & swift access to !   
suburbs2 :ile ! ,new ,york ,c5tral      
,railroad runs tra9s e h\r ea* way on a 

,belt ,l9e encircl+ ! city & tapp+      
resid5ce portions all ar\nd !           
fifte5-mile circuit4  ,n[h]e is !re a m 
cons]vative1 prosp]\s & cont5t$         
community ( work+m5 ?an 9 ,buffalo1 &   
?is is a fact t builds up a bulw>k (    
safety = indu/rial ent]prises & inve/m5t
 ( capital4   ,illu/ration3             
,,f>-,,fam$ ,,delaw>e ,,av5ue4          
,,our ,,electric ,,railroad ,,sy/em4    
,rapid transit is "o ( ! ess5tials 9 !  
busy life ( a great city4 ,buffalo has  
outgr[n ! horse c> sy/em & has n[ swift 
electric c>s spe$+ 9 all directions4    
,all ! great art]ies ( travel lead+ f ! 
he>t ( ! city are equipp$ ) electric    
c>s4 ,! "w ( putt+ 9 ! electric sy/em   
has be5 "o ( great magnitude1 z !re 0 no
 cessation 9 ! traffic :ile ! *ange 0   
be+ made4  ,?\gh electric c>s h be5 9   
op]ation 9 "s ( ! p>k roads = sev]al    
ye>s1 ! "w ( *ang+ ! sy/em 9 d[n t[n    
/reets 0 n />t$ until ! fall ( #ahij4   
,"w 0 !n begun on ,niag>a ,/reet1 & on  
,july #d1 #ahia1 ! fir/ electric c>s 7  

run 9 t important ?or\ghf>e4 ,)9 f\r    
mon?s traffic on ! l9e 0 tripl$1 & x has
 /eadily increas$ ev] s9ce4 ,elk1       
,s5eca1 ,wa%+ton & ,sycamore /reets1 all
 ?or\ghf>es lead+ to ! suburbs1 7 next  
equipp$ ) electric c>s1 & at ?is writ+  
7,june1 #ahib7 ! "w ( *ang+ ! sy/em 9   
,ma9 ,/reet is progress+ rapidly1 & is  
almo/ complet$4 ,! sy/em is1 ( c\rse1   
be+ *ang$ 9 ! mo/ important ?or\ghf>es  
fir/1 & ! less important l9es w und]go !
 same treatm5t 9 rapid succession1 s t x
 w n be v long be=e horse c>s w be      
rememb]$ 9 ,buffalo z ! vani%$ symbol ( 
a sl[] era4 ,! total l5g? ( ! /reet     
railroad tracks ( ,buffalo is ov] #ajj  
miles4  ,?r\gh ! *ief ?or\ghf>es !      
electric c>s run e ?ree m9utes4 ,a s+le 
f>e ( five c5ts is *>g$ f "o end ( !    
city to ! o!r1 ) ! privilege ( *ang+ f  
"o l9e to ano!r4 ,!re are no transf]    
*>ges4 ,! company pays to ! city a      
p]c5tage on its e>n+s ( two to ?ree p]  
c5t41 grad$ 9 proportion to ! am\nt ( ! 
gross receipts4 ,?is arrangem5t1 :i* 0  

ent]$ into dur+ ! e>ly "p ( #ahib1 0 a v
 welcome "o to ! p1 p>ticul>ly to       
work+m51 :o consequ5tly are enabl$ to   
rea* _! "w 9 any "p ( ! city1 ev5 ! mo/ 
di/ant1 = a five c5t f>e4 ,! swiftness (
 ! electric c>s1 f eight to eighte5     
miles an h\r1 is a great factor 9       
"t-sav+1 & x is mu* appreciat$ by work+ 
p1 z well z by bus9ess m51 & all :o are 
impati5t ( delay 9 gett+ f "o "p ( !    
city to ano!r4  ,! ,buffalo ,railway    
,company1 :i* op]ates all ! l9es ( /reet
 railroad 9 ! city1 has a capital ( six 
million doll>s1 s t x is f9ancially     
/rong & able to c>ry out any improvem5t 
desir$4  ,*eap electric p[] f ,niag>a w1
 ( c\rse1 be available 9 ! runn+ ( /reet
 c>s 9 ,buffalo2 & z x c be b\ght v mu* 
*eap] ?an x c be produc$ by !           
evaporation ( /eam x w h a pot5t        
influ5ce 9 mak+ x possible = ! company  
to grant /ill fur!r concessions to !    
public4 ,! citiz5s' committee :i*       
rec5tly arbitrat$ betwe5 ! company & !  
public & br\ght ab\t ! pres5t           

satisfactory agreem5t _h full & free    
access to all ! books ( ! company1 &    
figur$ out to a nicety ! co/ ( c>ry+ ea*
 pass5g]1 & ! am\nt ( pr(it 9 ! bus9ess4
 ,if ! co/ ( ! motive p[] _h be5 cut 9  
two1 z x w be cut by ! introduction (   
,niag>a's p[]1 ! committee w\ld c]ta9ly 
h report$ 9 favor ( ev5 bett] t]ms = !  
city4 ,?us x is a fair conclusion t !   
b5efic5t effects ( *eap p[] g5]at$ at ! 
,falls w be felt by e p]son :o rides on 
! /reet c>s ( ,buffalo4  ,?is subject is
 "h dwelt ^u at consid]able l5g? because
 ! writ] feels t x is ( great           
importance4 ,e manufactur] ^: eyes are  
turn$ 9 ?is direction1 & :o is consid]+ 
:e!r he %all take advantage ( ! pe]less 
opportunities n[ (f]$ 9 ,buffalo1 wants 
to "k ab\t ! /reet c> s]vice4 ,he wants 
to "k1 9 case he %\ld locate 8 plant "h1
 h[ quickly & h[ *eaply he & 8 employees
 c\ld get to & f _! bus9ess4 ,x is a    
pleasure to assure him & all o!rs       
int]e/$ t ! electric /reet railroad     
sy/em ( ,buffalo is pron\nc$ by exp]ts  

to be ! be/ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & also t 
its managem5t is ( ! mo/ lib]al &       
progressive k9d4  ,! /reet c> s]vice ( a
 city is "p ( its ?robb+ life1 "p ( its 
pulse1 & by x ! bus9ess heal? &         
prosp]ity ( ! city c be gaug$4          
,,suburban ,,electric ,,roads4  ,)9 a   
radius ( a few miles f ,buffalo !re are 
_m ?riv+ t[ns4 ,naturally1 ) s _m /eam  
railroads runn+ 9 all directions f ?is  
po9t1 resid5ts ( ^! t[ns enjoy excell5t 
railroad accommodations 9 travel+ to & f
 ! city4 ,b ! swift pace ( pres5t       
progress is all too rapid = ! old way4  
,electric l9es to suburban t[ns are be+ 
built or project$ 9 surpris+ numb]4 ,an 
electric l9e to ! city ( ,tonaw&a1      
connect+ ) ! ,buffalo /reet railroad    
sy/em1 & 9 fact be+ an ext5sion ( x1 has
 be5 9 successful op]ation s9ce e>ly 9 !
 pres5t ye> 7#ahib74 ,x w be ext5d$     
?r\gh to ,niag>a ,falls4 ,two o!r l9es (
 electric railroad to ,tonaw&a h be5    
survey$ & active prep>ations are be+    
made to build !m4 ,bo? w connect ) !    

,buffalo sy/em1 & 9 "t w be ext5d$ to   
,niag>a ,falls4 ,"o ( ^! has secur$ a v 
favorable r\te1 out ,delaw>e ,av5ue 9 a 
direct air l9e to ,tonaw&a1 ?r\gh a     
delightful resid5ce di/rict4  ,an       
electric railroad is be+ built to       
,lanca/] & ,depew1 ! latt] be+ ! new    
city ( ! ,new ,york ,c5tral ,railroad j 
outside ( ,buffalo1 :]e ! ,c5tral's     
locomotive %ops1 ! ,g\ld ,c> ,c\pl]     
,works & o!r great indu/rial ent]prises 
are 9 progress4 ,?is l9e w be 9 op]ation
 by ,septemb] ( ?is ye>4  ,/ill ano!r   
electric l9e is to be built to ,ea/     
,aurora1 ! prettie/ ( ,erie ,c\nty      
villages1 :]e ! fam\s ,haml9 & ,jewett  
/ock f>ms are locat$4 ,c4 ,j4 ,haml91 ! 
millionaire horseman1 & own] ( ,belle   
,haml91 is "o ( ! prom95t m5 int]e/$ 9  
?is l9e4  ,/rong companies h also be5   
=m$ to build electric l9es to ,hamburg1 
,williamsville & o!r suburban t[ns4     
,all ( ^! ent]prises indicate ! pr(\nd  
belief :i* capitali/s h 9 ,buffalo's    
future4 ,mo/ ( !m 7 br\ght into life    

?r\gh ! /imulat+ influ5ce ( *eap        
electric p[] f ,niag>a ,falls4 ,^?      
int]e/$ 9 ^! ent]prises knew t *eap     
electric p[] meant trem5d\s & rapid gr[?
 = ! city1 & t ! tide ( prosp]ity w\ld  
sweep out f> en\gh to rea* all t[ns ly+ 
contigu\s to ! city1 & ^: prosp]ity is  
"p ( ! prosp]ity ( ,buffalo4 ,!y also   
knew t *eap electric p[] f ,niag>a      
,falls meant *eap motive p[] = _! roads 
& greatly r$uc$ co/ ( op]ation4  ,x is a
 mode/ ass]tion t ! sil5t1 swift1       
all-p[]ful curr5ts ( electricity fl[+   
into ,buffalo f ,niag>a w t\* e craft1 e
 bran* ( indu/ry4 ,x w quick5 all ^!    
into r5ew$ activity & po9t a ?\s& new   
ways = ! employm5t ( money1 bra9s &     
muscle4 ,x w give u light1 heat &       
refrig]ation1 & p[] = ! mightie/ & mo/  
delicate ma*9]y4  ,! smoke cl\d (       
indu/ry t hov]s ov] & %r\ds !           
manufactur+ di/rict ( e great city1 w   
gradually lift f ours z ! consumption ( 
coal gives place to smokeless electric  
p[]4 ,9 a few ye>s x w be all gone1 &   

,buffalo1 ! 8,electric ,city10 w be fam$
 z ! cleane/ & heal?ie/ city 9 ! _w4    
8,,buffalo',s ,,gold ,,m9e40  ,"s ye>s  
ago1 ,mr4 ,james ,b4 ,/af=d1 ( ?is city1
 !n presid5t ( ! ,buffalo ,bus9ess ,m5's
 ,association1 conceiv$ ! idea ( (f]+ a 
prize ( #ajj1jjj = ! be/ plan ( utiliz+ 
! curr5t ( ,niag>a ,riv]4 ,he & ov] "o  
hundr$ o!rs subscrib$ #a1jjj ea* to a   
fund = ! purpose1 & ! att5tion (        
sci5tific m5 9 all p>ts ( ! civiliz$ _w 
0 direct$ to ! problem4 ,?is problem has
 be5 solv$ 9 ! developm5t ( ! tunnel    
project4  ,mr4 ,/af=d is a ke51 %rewd1  
level-head$ bus9ess man1 & has made a   
l>ge =tune by judici\s inve/m5ts 9      
,buffalo real e/ate4 ,he believes t     
,buffalo w h a million population )9 t5 
ye>s1 z a result ( an indu/rial         
revolution 9 ?is city t w amaze ! _w1 ! 
*ief & controll+ reason = :i* w be !    
introduction ( *eap electric p[]4       
,illu/ration3    ,,! ,,buffalo ,,libr>y4
  ,9 ! ,buffalo ,comm]cial ( ,decemb]   
#bb1 #ahia1 ! foll[+ int]view ) ,mr4    

,/af=d 0 pr9t$1 "u ! head+ 8,buffalo's  
,gold ,m9e30      8,if ! ri*e/ gold m9e 
9 ! :ole _w 7 discov]$ 9     a suburb ( 
,buffalo1 :at effect d y suppose x w\ld 
h on     our p80 ask$ ,mr4 ,james ,b4   
,/af=d ( a ,comm]cial     report]4      
8,!re w\ld be trem5d\s excitem5t1 (     
c\rse10 0 !     reply4      8,!re w\ld10
 return$ ,mr4 ,/af=d2 8b d y "k t !     
ri*e/ gold m9e 9 ! _w w\ld be a m]e     
bagatelle     comp>$ ) ! weal? t w spr+ 
f ! ,niag>a ,falls     tunnel8 ,d our p 
/op to ?9k :at x means8 ,x means        
prosp]ity = ,buffalo beyond ! wilde/    
pres5t expectation4 ,i     believe ,i   
speak entirely )9 b\nds :5 ,i say t x w 
make ,buffalo ! second greate/ city 9 ! 
:ole ,unit$     ,/ates1 & t y & ,i won't
 be v old :5 our city     rea*es t      
place4 ,look+ into ! imm$iate future1 ,i
 w     prophesy t we w h a million      
population )9 t5     ye>s4      8,j look
 ab\t y & see :at electricity has       
already     done = ! _w1 & yet we are   
sc>cely ent]$ up 9     ! ,electric ,age4

 ,we are at ! dawn ( a new era1 &       
electricity1 n[ 9 its infancy1 w gr[ &  
develop until     x revolutionizes ! _w4
 ,x w give u p[]1 light1     heat1      
refrig]ation4 ,x w d ev]y?+ = u t /eam  
n[ does1 & "h 9 ,buffalo x is go+ to co/
 less ?an     wat] p[]40      8,:at does
 x co/ manufactur]s = p[] n[80      8,! 
wat] p[] ( ! c\ntry n[ 9 use co/s f     
#af4fg p]     horse-p[] p] ye> at       
,lockport to #ef4be at ,manayunk1 ,pa41 
:ile /eam co/s all ! way f #ce to #age  
p] horse-p[]     p] annum4      8,:5 we 
consid] t ! entire p[] go+ to wa/e at ! 
,falls is "o-sev5? ( ! entire p[] ( ! _w
 "o c     compreh5d :at an inexhau/ible 
m9e ( weal? we are on !     eve (       
develop+4 ,already ! problem (          
transmitt+     electricity long di/ances
 )\t mu* wa/e has be5 solv$4     ,o!r   
companies are 9 ! field1 & be=e _m ye>s 
in/ead     ( #abe1jjj horse-p[] !re w   
probably be a million4 ,buffalo     be+ 
! ne>e/ l>ge city to ! great cat>act1 x 
w be     ! fir/ to receive ! b5efits4   

8,j let y\r m9d run =w>d a doz5 ye>s4   
,electricity     runn+ ?r\gh cables f ! 
,falls w act on our city l     ! w>m    
blood runn+ ?r\gh a human body1 w       
p]meate e     "p ( ! city1 runn+ #b1jjj 
horse-p[] eng9es z easily z     !       
d5ti/'s drill or ! family sew+ ma*9e4 ,e
 :eel 9     ,buffalo w be ev5tually     
turn$ by electricity4 ,x w light     &  
heat our h\ses4 ,x w be *eap] ?an any?+ 
else4 ,!     impetus t x w give our     
manufactur+ ent]prises w be             
incalculable4      8,add to all ?is our 
great natural advantages & no wond] our 
expectations %\ld be great4 ,we are     
midway betwe5 ! great     produc+       
regions ( ! ,we/ & ! m ?ickly populat$  
sections ( ! ,ea/1 ) its cont9ually     
increas+ export     trade4 ,:at bett]   
po9t c\ld be f\nd = ! manufactur+       
c5tre ( ! c\ntry8 ,"h all ! %ipp+ f !   
we/]n     *a9 ( lakes dis*>ges its      
c>goes ( gra91 lumb]1 ore1     etc41    
reload+ ) up-c>goes ( coal 7& all !     
great     coal-c>ry+ transportation     

corporations h bran*es t n[     t]m9ate 
9 ?is city71 lay+ at ! door ( !         
manufactur]     ! raw mat]ial at ! l[e/ 
possible freight rate1 )     tw5ty-six  
l9es ( railroads lead+ f "h 9 e         
direction 7_m ( !m trunk l9es71 ) a     
canal & wat]way     to ! seabo>d giv+ ! 
manufactur] ! f9e/ %ipp+     facilities 
possible4      8,buffalo already boa/s (
 ! l>ge/ coal di/ribut+ po9t     9 ! _w1
 ! l>ge/ %eep & fre% fi% m>ket 9 !      
_w2 "o ( ! l>ge/ horse m>kets2 ! l>ge/  
gra9     di/ribut+ po9t 9 ! _w2 ! second
 l>ge/ cattle     m>ket 9 ! _w2 we are  
de/9$ to be ! l>ge/ fl\r     mill+ city 
9 ! _w1 & ) our suburban port (         
,tonaw&a we h ! l>ge/ lumb] m>ket 9 !   
_w4      8,9 ! la/ t5 ye>s we h increas$
 our population #hi p]     c5t41 & ) ?is
 new & wond]ful factor t no o!r city    
9 ! _w's hi/ory has ev] _h1 x is n a    
wild /atem5t     to make1 b "o t !      
pres5t outlook w\ld w>rant1 t           
,buffalo & n ,*icago w be ! second      
,am]ican city40                         

,,electric ,,p[] ,,on ,,! ,,canadian    
,,side4  ,col4 ,alb]t ,d4 ,%aw1 =m]ly   
,u4 ,s4 ,consul at ,montreal1 ,canada1 &
 lat] at ,man*e/]1 ,engl&1 is at ! head 
( a company :i* proposes to produce     
electricity on ! ,canadian side ( !     
,niag>a ,riv]4 ,?is company has secur$ !
 passage ( a bill ?r\gh ! ,ont>io       
,p>liam5t p]mitt+ ! incorporation ( a   
company ) a capitalization ( #c1jjj1jjj1
 & a privilege ( bond+ to ! ext5t (     
#e1jjj1jjj1 ) ! object ( produc+        
electricity by means ( a tunnel ^u !    
,canadian side4  ,9 conv]sation ) a     
writ] = ! ,philadelphia ,press1 9 ,april
 ( ?is ye>1 ,col4 ,%aw said ! ,canadian 
company _h n be5 organiz$ to compete ) !
 ,am]ican company1 b r to supplem5t &   
act 9 conc]t ) x4 ,he expla9$ t z ! l&  
on ! ,canadian side is devot$ to p>k    
purposes1 x _c be us$ = ! location (    
manufactories1 & !re=e ! p[] produc$ mu/
 be transmitt$ to o!r po9ts4 ,9 ?is     
connection he w5t on to say3      8,su* 
p[] c c]ta9ly be c>ri$ to ,buffalo4 ,an 

electrical     plant has be5 e/abli%$   
ab\t #af miles f ! city ( ,rome1     ,n4
 ,y41 & ! p[] !re furni%$ is convey$ to 
,rome )     p]fectly satisfactory       
results4 ,buffalo is only a little m    
?an #bj miles f ,niag>a1 & ) ! high]    
voltage :i*     c be obta9$ !re is no   
d\bt t city c be furni%$     ) electric 
p[] suffici5t to run all ! manufactories
 (     ,new ,york ,/ate 7 !y locat$ !re4
 ,aft] our company is     organiz$ 9    
h>mony ) ! ,new ,york company we %all   
beg9     "w1 & ,i ?9k c complete x )9 a 
ye>40      8,! wat] p[] furni%$ by !    
,niag>a ,riv] above !     ,falls10      
cont9u$ ,col4 ,%aw1 8is e/imat$ to be   
equival5t to     #c1jjj1jjj horse-p[]4  
,:5 we recollect t ! ,connecticut       
,riv] at ,holyoke only furni%es ab\t    
#bd1jjj horse-p[]1 &     ! riv] at      
,m9neapolis only #ah1jjj1 "s idea c be  
obta9$     ( ?is enorm\s p[] :i* has    
hi!rto be5 go+ to wa/e4     ,! ,am]ican 
company has built a tunnel #h1jjj feet  
long4 ,!     entrance to x is a long    

di/ance above ! ,falls1 & ! exit     :]e
 ! wa/e wat] fl[s into ! ,niag>a ,riv]  
is j bel[     ! susp5sion bridge4 ,?is  
tunnel is capable ( furni%+     p[]     
equival5t to #adj1jjj horse-p[]1 an     
am\nt ( p[]     :i* va/ly exce$s any?+  
furni%$ any:]e else 9 !     _w4 ,!      
,niag>a ,riv] nev] runs dry4 ,!re nev]  
is an     appreciable dim9ution 9 its   
body ( wat]4 ,ev]y:]e else     :]e wat] 
p[] is us$ manufactories are compell$   
ei!r to     h a /eam plant :i* c be     
reli$ ^u 9 dry wea!r1 or     else to run
 ! risk ( %utt+ d[n = lack ( p[]4 ,t    
c nev] happ5 on ! banks ( ! ,niag>a40   
,col4 ,%aw w5t on to speak ( ! plans ( !
 ,am]ican company1 ) :i* he is famili>4 
,aft] /at+ t manufactur]s f all p>ts ( !
 c\ntry h be5 9 communication ) !       
,am]ican company ) a view ( locat+      
plants 9 ! city ( ,buffalo1 & t exp]t   
eng9e]s e/imate t ! electric p[] :i* c  
be develop$ & furni%$ w be practically  
illimitable1 he said3      8,! ,canadian
 company w be able to furni% trem5d\s   

voltage     :5ev] wires prop]ly insulat$
 are ready to receive x4 ,!     ,new    
,york capitali/s :o virtually own !     
,am]ican company1 &     w be 9 h>mony ) 
! ,canadian1 are ev5 m en?usia/ic       
?an !y are 9 ,buffalo4 ,i h talk$ ) a   
numb] ( !m     s9ce ,i h be5 9 ! city4  
,!y are c>eful m51 n likely     to be   
c>ri$ away ) false en?usiasm1 & :o look 
at su*     ?+s purely f a comm]cial po9t
 ( view4 ,!y are (     op9ion1 z ,i am1 
& z ev]ybody else is :o has made a /udy 
( ?is matt]1 t ! great manufactur+ city 
( ! future     is to be locat$ ^u ! bank
 ( ! ,niag>a ,riv]1 & !     "t is n f>  
di/ant :5 ! city ( ,buffalo w ext5d     
f its pres5t site full tw5ty miles to ! 
nor?4 ,! numb]     ( manufactories :i* h
 already decid$ to move f v>i\s     o!r 
t[ns1 "s ( !m 9 ! f> ,we/1 to ,buffalo1 
is an     indication ( :at ! future w   
be4      8,! p[] is p]man5t & is dep5d5t
 ^u no *anges (     ! wea!r4 ,moreov]1 x
 is *eap p[]1 & w always be             
suffici5t1 no matt] h[ greatly any      

manufactur] may desire     to increase 8
 plant4 ,fur!rmore1 ! contiguity ( ?is  
place to conv5i5t transportation is     
ano!r temptation to     manufactur]s4 ,=
 in/ance1 x has be5 demon/rat$ t !      
gra9 ( ! ,we/ c be br\ght !re &         
manufactur$ into     fl\r at lea/ #aj   
c5ts a b>rel *eap] ?an 9 ! great        
mill+ cities ( ! ,we/1 & t ( itself is a
 h&some     pr(it4      8,fur!rmore1    
transportation *>ges1 su* is ! relation 
(     ,buffalo & its vic9ity to wat] &  
rail r\tes1 w be     *eap] !re ?an at   
any o!r manufactur+ c5t] 9 !     ,unit$ 
,/ates4 ,! raw mat]ial c be br\ght ei!r 
by !     lakes or by rail to ! doors ( !
 mill1 & ! f9i%$     product c be s5t   
out by lake1 by ! ,canadian ,canal to ! 
,/4 ,lawr5ce ,riv]1 by ! ,erie ,canal   
dur+ ! season :5     wat] transportation
 is op51 & !re are #bf diff]5t l9es     
( railway c5t]+ !re4 ,! manufactur]s h  
be5 figur+     pretty closely4          
,competition is s great t x is frequ5tly
     ! economies :i* repres5t ! diff]5ce

 betwe5 success &     failure1 pr(it &  
loss4 ,all ^? ( !m :o h already         
decid$ to locate 9 t vic9ity & utilize  
?is great p[]     are ( op9ion t ! sav+ 
9 exp5ses w ( itself     repres5t a fair
 pr(it on ! capital inve/$4 ,)9 #bj ye>s
     x w\ld n be surpris+ to see a city1
 or a l9k ( cities     practically "o1  
conta9+ #a1jjj1jjj p1 & p]haps !        
l>ge/ capital inve/m5t 9 manufactur+ 9 !
 ,unit$     ,/ates1 ) p]haps "o or two  
exceptions4      8,x is /range t ?is    
magnific5t p[] :i* has be5 wa/$         
h]et(ore %\ld n h _h e>li] developm5t4  
,sev]al     attempts h be5 made to      
develop x1 b capital has be5     timid  
until "s ( ! great f9ancial g5iuses (   
,new ,york     ,city became int]e/$40   
,,electricity ,,9 ,,! ,,h\sehold4  ,x is
 c]ta9 t electricity w be s *eap &      
pl5tiful 9 ,buffalo t x w come into     
g5]al use 9 ! homes ( our p4 ,x w be    
*eap] ?an gas = light1 & coal = heat4 ,x
 w run ! family sew+ ma*9e4 ,! electric 
motor w become a "p ( e well-ord]$      

h\sehold4  ,! ,sci5tific ,am]ican1      
speak+ ( ! new uses ( electricity com+ 9
 ! tra9 ( its *eap production1 says3    
8,dome/ic life w be att5d$ ) _m com=ts &
     conv5i5ces4 ,! cook w only ne$ to  
t\* a button1 &     pre/o1 h] electrical
 /ove w be 9 full op]ation1 ! pot     w 
boil1 ! ov5 bake1 ! turkey roa/1 ! pump 
move1 !     wa%+ ma*9e turn2 :ile !     
electric refrig]ator w     freeze !     
wat]1 pres]ve ! meats1 vegetables1 milk1
 butt]1     eggs1 & o!r supplies4 ,no   
coal1 no wood1 no du/1 no dirt1 no      
oil1 no gas4 ,! lady ( ! h\se w be      
reliev$ ( c>e4 ,%e     presses a button1
 & e nook & corn] ( h] dwell+     gl[s )
 *e]ful light4 ,t\* ano!r & ! electric  
fire     glimm]s 9 e room1 diffus+ g5ial
 w>m?4 ,! electric     lift takes h] up 
or d[n /airs4 ,! telephone conveys h]   
ord]s to m>ket1 & di/ributes h] social  
comm&s among     fri5ds & neighbors40   
,illu/ration3    ,,nature ,,at ,,h]     
,,lovelie/ -- ,,! ,,p>k ,,lake4         
,,electricity',s ,,manifold ,,uses4  ,9 

! same article occurs a concise /atem5t 
( ! v>i$ uses to :i* ! incom+ l[-pric$  
p[] w be appli$ 9 ,buffalo4 ,x is z     
foll[s3      8,ne> to ,niag>a1 only     
tw5ty-two miles di/ant1 is ,buffalo1    
already a l>ge & prosp]\s city1 ! head  
c5tre ( lake     navigation4 ,! simple  
ext5sion ( conductors ov] ! %ort        
di/ance above m5tion$ w br+ to ! p (    
,buffalo     direct %>e 9 ! economic &  
o!r advantages ( ! new &     great      
ent]prise4 ,light1 heat & motive p[] =  
/reets1     vehicles1 works1 %ops1      
factories1 /ores1 *ur*es1 dwell+s1     c
 be suppli$ f ! dynamos at ,niag>a m    
economically1     probably1 ?an by any  
o!r means4 ,local /eam eng9es may be    
dismiss$2 _! occupation1 = ,buffalo1 w  
be gone4 ,ev5 !     /eam fire eng9es may
 retire4 ,! electric pump w beat !m     
out ( sight40                           
,,pl5ty ,,( ,,bank+ ,,capital4  ,buffalo
 is bless$ ) spl5did bank+ facilities4  
,!re are n[ n9ete5 banks ( deposit 9 !  
city ) a total capital ( ne>ly five     

million doll>s & a res]ve ( ne>ly elev5 
millions4 ,five new banks h be5 />t$ "h 
s9ce ! spr+ ( #ahia4 ,our bank]s are    
cauti\s1 cons]vative bus9ess m51 & bank+
 bus9ess 9 ?is city has always be5      
conduct$ on cons]vative l9es4 ,! solid  
f9anci]s :o control ^! great b>omet]s ( 
our bus9ess life h nev] invit$ disa/] by
 loose1 speculative me?ods4 ,l ! ar* 9 !
 f\ndation wall ( a massive /ructure1   
ga9+ /r5g? f increas$ weight1 has be5 ! 
prud5ce ( our bank]s1 & to-day our bank+
 in/itutions re/ ^u secure f\ndation &  
are ready = ! bran*+ out & gr[? t w come
 to !m ) ! rapid increase 9 indu/rial   
ent]prises result+ f ! _w's *eape/ p[]4 
,prud5ce has be5 ! wat*word ( success 9 
! pa/1 & x w cont9ue z ! gov]nor 9 !    
great] transactions ( ! great] future4  
,,our ,,l[ ,,tax ,,rate4  ,"s facts ab\t
 ,buffalo's tax rate are fitt+ at ?is   
"t4 ,9 a c>efully writt5 article f ! p5 
( ! ,hon4 ,*>les ,f4 ,bi%op1 ,mayor (   
,buffalo1 & pr9t$ 9 ! ,sunday ,express (
 ,april #c1 #ahib1 ! foll[+ facts are   

giv53      8,prop]ty 9 ,buffalo is      
assess$ at mu* less ?an its real        
value1 & its tax rate has = _m ye>s1 =  
all purposes     7,/ate1 ,c\nty & ,city7
 except local improvem5ts1 av]ag$       
ab\t two doll>s p] hundr$ on !          
assessm5t4 ,at fir/     ?\ght ?is may   
seem high1 b a c>eful exam9ation ( !    
reports ( o!r cities %[s t ! rate       
else:]e is     g5]ally mu* high]4 ,9    
,new ,york x is #a4ie2 9 ,*icago        
#e4jj2 9 ,brooklyn #b4eg2 9 ,clevel& x  
is #b4gi2 9     ,c9c9nati #b4he4 ,& ?is 
reasonable rate ( taxation is n         
obta9$ by rapid increase ( our bond$    
indebt$ness except =     acquir+        
valuable prop]ty = p]man5t use1 or !    
ext5sion     ( great public improvem5ts4
      8,inde$1 s c>eful has ! increase (
 indebt$ness be5     gu>d$ t n[ ) an    
indebt$ness ( #aa1dfd1eca ! city is     
! own] ( real e/ate valu$1 9 #ahij1 at  
#g1hjd1bfg &     p]sonal prop]ty valu$  
at #f1hbh1gfe4 ,surely ?is /atem5t      
%[s a due reg>d = ! tax-pay]s' int]e/s2 

& c\pl$     ) ! fact t ,buffalo ma9ta9s 
s*ool facilities z good     z ^? ( any  
city1 police & fire dep>tm5ts t =       
effici5cy are unsurpass$1 & furni%es a  
wat] supply t     = purity & *eapness is
 unequal$1 x pres5ts a v     well-gr\nd$
 claim = municipal economy4      8,!    
total ( assessm5ts annually %[s a       
gratify+ increase     ( weal?1 & (      
necessity ! exp5ses ( ! city mu/ also   
increase ) great] population to s]ve & m
 ext5d$     public improvem5ts to       
ma9ta94 ,i am sangu9e1 h[ev]1 t 9     a 
few ye>s ! increase 9 values w create a 
noticeable     decrease ( tax rate40    
,,our ,,city ,,wat]4  ,buffalo's s\rce (
 wat] supply is ! same z ! s\rce ( our  
m>vel\s electric p[]4 ,x is ! ,niag>a4  
,we get x pure & undefil$1 9 unlimit$   
quantity1 & x is z *eap z x is pure &   
pl5tiful4 ,! s]vice is "u ! control ( ! 
city gov]nm5t4 ,our wat] rates are *eap]
 ?an ^? 9 any o!r l>ge city 9 ! c\ntry1 
manufactur]s are giv5 v l[ special      
rates1 & yet !re are sev]al hundr$ ?\s& 

doll>s available e ye> = fur!r ext5sions
 to keep pace ) ! rapid gr[? ( ! city1  
:i* is con/antly pu%+ out & develop+ 9  
new sections4 ,! pump+ eng9es & entire  
plant are fir/-class 9 e p>ticul>4      
,niag>a's wat]1 z is g5]ally kn[n1 comes
 d[n f ! great lakes1 & ent]s ! riv] at 
! foot ( ,lake ,erie1 :]e ,buffalo is   
locat$4 ,a mile d[n /ream is an inlet   
pi] ?r\gh :i* ! wat] supply = ! city is 
drawn by mammo? pump+ eng9es4 ,analysis 
%[s t !re is no organic matt] 9 ! wat]1 
& t x is absolutely pure4 ,!re is an    
entire abs5ce ( any possibility ( its   
be+ defil$ be=e x rea*es ,buffalo4 ,all 
dr$g+s f ! ,buffalo h>bor & riv]1 canal 
& slips mu/ be & are1 z provid$ by /r+5t
 law1 dump$ bel[ ! inlet pi]4  ,?us x w 
be se5 t ?is great requisite 9 ! heal? &
 prosp]ity ( a city is assur$ 9 pure &  
unlimit$ supply =ev]4                   
,,natural ,,gas ,,fuel4  ,a v l>ge      
section ( ! resid5ce portion ( ,buffalo 
is suppli$ ) natural gas fuel4 ,x is    
br\ght 9 pipes f ,p5nsylvania1 & also f 

,canada1 & is ext5sively us$ = fuel 9   
?is city4 ,x is sold to consum]s = #be  
c5ts p] ?\s& feet net1 & on an av]age   
co/s no m ?an coal4 ,! fre$om :i* x     
gives f ! task ( h&l+ coal & a%es1 & !  
entire abs5ce ( du/ & dirt 9 connection 
) its use1 are greatly appreciat$ 9     
?\s&s ( ,buffalo homes4 ,! ,canadian    
supply gives ri* promise ( abundant     
yield1 & its pr9cipal m>ket is 9        
,buffalo4 ,! s\rce ( ! ,canadian supply 
is only a few miles f ,buffalo4 ,!      
trem5d\s ext5t ( ! ,p5nsylvania field is
 well kn[n4  ,illu/ration3              
,,wat]works ,,p[] ,,h\se ,,& ,,inlet    
,,pi] ,,9 ,,niag>a ,,riv]4              
,,electricity ,,supplant+ ,,/eam4  ,z   
electric p[] has h]et(ore be5 produc$1 =
 ! mo/ "p1 by ! consumption ( coal &    
evaporation ( /eam1 x has _h to compete 
) /eam on disadvantage\s t]ms1 z ! /eam 
lay "o /ep ne>] ! base ( ! p[]1 namely1 
! fuel4  ,coal produc$ /eam2 /eam1 9    
turn1 produc$ electricity2 & z success 9
 any l9e ( manufacture consi/s l>gely 9 

! application ( economical me?ods1 /eam 
p[] has be5 pref]r$ to electric p[]     
because x has be5 *eap]1 except1        
probably1 9 runn+ small plants )        
electricity suppli$ f a c5tral /ation4  
,9 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y41 ?is is done to a v 
consid]able ext5t1 ! idea be+ t         
electricity produc$ by /eam c be furni%$
 f a c5tral /ation to _m small factories
 z *eaply or almo/ z *eaply z /eam p[]  
c\ld be produc$ on a small scale 9 ea*  
"o ( ! factories4 ,! c5tralization ( !  
p[] economizes bo? 9 ma*9]y & labor4 ,9 
l>g] plants1 h[ev]1 x has be5 f\nd      
impossible to produce electricity f /eam
 p[] to compete ) /eam4 ,wa/e 9 !       
process1 /eam be+ ! p>5t =ce1 prev5ts a 
p\nd ( coal f produc+ z mu* electric p[]
 z /eam p[]4 ,to accompli% su* a ?+ w\ld
 be l turn+ base metal into gold4  ,b ) 
electric p[] produc$ by ! wat] p[] ( !  
,niag>a ,falls tunnel1 /eam is de?ron$ z
 ! ,k+ ( ,=ce4 ,electricity takes its   
place & builds an empire on ! banks ( ! 
,niag>a4 ,& ! he>t ( t empire is        

,buffalo1 & w be =ev]4 ,! wond]ful p[]  
has its s\rce ne> to u2 only a few miles
 ( copp] wire br+s x to our work%ops2 & 
"h are conc5trat$ %ipp+ facilities      
unequal$ ^u ! cont95t4 ,economy 9       
collect+ ! raw mat]ial1 & di/ribut+ x   
aga9 9 ! %ape ( manufactur$ articles1 is
 z important z economy 9 manufactur+4 ,)
 *eap p[] f ! ,niag>a we h ! two great  
economies jo9$4 ,:at a trem5d\s         
aggregation ( advantages6 ,no wond]     
cons]vative bus9ess m5 prophesy a       
million population = ,buffalo )9 t5     
ye>s4 ,no wond] ! ,new ,york ,tribune   
says t our 8manife/ de/9y is evid5tly to
 be some?+ trem5d\s40                   
,,room ,,9 ,,:i* ,,to ,,gr[4  ,:5 a     
p]son und]takes to po9t out sections (  
,buffalo t w be mo/ affect$ by *eap     
electric p[] he is confront$ ) a        
difficult task4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! entire  
manufactur+ di/rict w at once respond to
 ! vivify+ influ5ce ( ! electric        
curr5ts1 & t new indu/rial sections w be
 op5$ up at _m po9ts4 ,manufactories w  

be enl>g$1 hundr$s ( new ones w be />t$1
 z hundr$s ( manufactur]s f ! outside w 
cr[d 9 to take advantage ( ! spl5did    
opportunities op5 to all4 ,=tunately1 we
 h a great deal ( room 9 :i* factories  
may gr[ & spread1 & z ! railroads tap a 
v l>ge portion ( ! city1 !re ne$ be no  
fe> ( re/rict$ %ipp+ facilities4 ,al?\gh
 ,buffalo has a population ( ne>ly      
#cjj1jjj1 its population p] acre is only
 #aj4bc4 ,/4 ,l\is is #aa4ea2 ,clevel&1 
#af4da2 ,c9c9nati1 #ah4ef2 ,san         
,francisco1 #cj4bb2 ,brooklyn1 #dg4fb2  
,new ,york1 #eh4hg4  ,^! figures are    
full ( sugge/ion4 ,!re is room 9        
,buffalo4 ,& beyond ! city l9e !re are  
?\s&s ( broad acres ready to be us$ =   
factories or homes4  ,!re has be5 a     
/eady1 legitimate increase 9 values 9   
all p>ts ( ! city & surr\nd+ c\ntry4    
,p>ticul>ly 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! city1 to !
 nor? ( ! p>k1 among l&s ly+ 9 !        
direction f :i* ! electric curr5ts w    
fl[1 !re has be5 a /rong movem5t1 & x is
 probably true t ?is =e%ad[s a gr[? 9   

values t w be />tl+ to _m4  ,f>-see+ m5 
=eca/ ! future by pictur+ a city t w gr[
 t[>ds ! seat ( ! electric curr5t1      
foll[$ always by ! railroads 9 ! pa? (  
progress1 until ,tonaw&a is rea*$ &     
absorb$2 & /ret*+ fur!r /ill1 w f9ally  
rea* ! great cat>act itself4 ,is ?is too
 mu* to expect ( a city t holds )9 its  
exclusive grasp ! two great             
economies--*eap p[]1 *eap freights6 ,x  
is well to keep ^! two ?+s /eadily 9    
m9d4  ,b z ! city gr[s 9 l5g? x w gr[ 9 
bread?4 ,x w wid5 out on all sides1 &   
all p>ts ( ! city w %>e 9 ! g5]al       
prosp]ity4                         ,,!  
,,philadelphia  ,,read+4  ,no?+ gives   
bett] evid5ce ( ! gr[+ importance (     
,buffalo ?an rec5t action ( !           
,philadelphia  ,read+ ,railroad         
,company4 ,?is great company has at     
,philadelphia & along ! ,delaw>e ,riv]  
great] t]m9al facilities ?an any o!r    
railroad company op]at+ on ! ,atlantic  
seabo>d4 ,9 ,febru>y1 #ahib1 x obta9$   
control ( ! ,lehigh ,valley sy/em1 !reby

 secur+ a direct r\te f ,buffalo to     
,philadelphia4 ,! new & m active        
managem5t saw ! trem5d\s importance (   
obta9+ a foo?old 9 ,buffalo1 :i* already
 holds ! key to ! traffic ( ! great     
lakes1 & n[ /&s ^u ! v]ge ( extraord9>y 
manufactur+ developm5t by reason (      
,niag>a's *eap & unlimit$ p[]4 ,)9 a    
comp>atively few ye>s ,buffalo w be !   
*ief manufactur+ c5t] ( ! c\ntry2 !     
possibilities ( traffic radiat+ f ?is   
po9t are b\ndless4 ,x 0 a ma/] /roke (  
,presid5t ,mc,leod ( ! ,philadelphia    
,read+ to e/abli% 8 railroad securely 9 
,buffalo4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact t !    
,lehigh ,valley has ! be/ t]m9al        
facilities ( all ! railroads c5t]+ "h4  
,)9 ! pa/ few ye>s millions h be5 sp5t 9
 p]fect+ !m4  ,foll[+ ?is /roke ) !     
,lehigh ,valley1 ! ,philadelphia  ,read+
 made a traffic contract ) ! ,buffalo1  
,ro*e/]  ,pittsburg = fifty ye>s1 giv+  
/ill fur!r evid5ce ( belief 9 ,buffalo4 
,! export bus9ess ( ! ,philadelphia     
,read+ is va/1 op]at+ z x does 9        

connection ) a l9e ( transatlantic      
/eam]s1 & ?is op5s up a new l9e ( ?\ght4
 ,! impetus giv5 by *eap & pl5tiful p[] 
to manufactur+ 9 old & _m new directions
 9 ,buffalo w ( c\rse be v great1 & x is
 c]ta9 t ?\s&s ( indu/ries dep5d+ ^u    
export trade w fl\ri% "h1 close to !    
/oreh\ses ( ! raw mat]ial & ( ! _w's    
*eape/ p[]4 ,num]\s av5ues to ! seabo>d 
are !re=e an ess5tial "p ( ! gr& plan ( 
our indu/rial prosp]ity1 & ! addition ( 
! ,philadelphia  ,read+ is "o ( v great 
importance4  ,yet ?is %\ld always be    
held 9 m9d--w\ld ! ,philadelphia  ,read+
 h rea*$ out aft] ,buffalo bus9ess if x 
_h n be5 wor? :ile rea*+ =8 ,! fact is t
 we attract great transportation        
ent]prises z ! magnet does ! ne$le4     
,,! ,,union ,,iron ,,works4  ,dur+ !    
pres5t summ] ! ,union ,iron ,works1 long
 unus$1 are be+ rebuilt 9 ! s\!rn "p ( !
 city1 ! plans call+ = "o ( ! f9e/      
plants ( ! k9d 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"p ( 
! plant w be us$ = ! manufacture ( /eel1
 & at ! beg9n+ a =ce ( ab\t #a1bjj m5 w 

be employ$ 9 ?is "p ( ! works alone1 9  
?ree %ifts ( eight h\rs ea*1 "w be+     
con/ant night & day all ! ye> 'r\nd4    
,:at /imulus is x t br+s ?is indu/ry    
into life8 ,:y 0 x n locat$ at any "o ( 
a doz5 o!r po9ts t might be nam$8 ,:y   
wasn't x locat$ close to ! iron m9es8   
,^! & all o!r collat]al que/ions h      
already be5 answ]$ 9 ?is volume4 ,we h  
p[] *eap] ?an ! *eape/ any:]e else1 jo9$
 ) transportation facilities t are      
unexcell$--! two great indu/rial        
economies aga91 *eap p[]1 *eap freights4
                             ,,! ,,copp]
 ,,indu/ry4  ,"o ( ! l>ge/ aggregations 
( capital 9 ! _w is ! ,calumet  ,hecla  
,smelt+ ,company4 ,x controls ! ri*     
copp] m9es ( ,lake ,sup]ior ) all _!    
inexhau/ible /ores ( weal?4 ,two ye>s   
ago ! company b\ght a v l>ge tract ( l& 
on ! banks ( ! ,niag>a )9 ! city limits 
( ,buffalo1 & began ! con/ruction ( an  
ext5sive smelt+ works4 ,! ore is br\ght 
"h direct f ! m9es1 & "h x is r$uc$ & ! 
:ole output ( ! m9es di/ribut$ f ?is    

po9t4 ,:y did ! ,calumet  ,hecla        
,company locate 9 ,buffalo8 ,because (  
its pe]less location z a di/ribut+ c5tre
 = "o ?+1 & *eap electric p[] = ano!r4  
,n long ago1 9 ,buffalo1 a live electric
 wire fell a?w>t a lamp po/1 & 9 !      
tw9kl+ ( an eye ! iron 0 fus$ by !      
curr5t4 ,t 0 smelt+ by electricity4 ,!  
bra9y m5 ( ! ,calumet  ,hecla ,company  
knew :at !y 7 do+ :5 !y locat$ beside   
,buffalo's electric p[] h\se4           
,illu/ration3    ,,! ,,erie ,,c\nty     
,,sav+s ,,bank--,a ,,million ,,doll>    
,,build+4                               
,,enorm\s ,,manufactur+ ,,capital4  ,!  
=ego+ are simply in/ances ( _m new      
ent]prises t h lately be5 />t$ 9        
,buffalo4 ,! manufactur+ e/abli%m5ts (  
?is city tripl$ dur+ ! t5 ye>s betwe5   
#ahhj & #ahij1 & ! proportion ( increase
 s9ce #ahij has be5 mu* great] ?an be=e4
 ,x is believ$ t ! capital inve/$ 9     
manufactur+ ent]prises ( all k9ds 9     
,buffalo am\nts to ne>ly #ajj1jjj1jjj4  
,:at w x be aft] ! full =ce ( ,niag>a's 

lightn+ has /ruck u8                    
,,an ,,et]nal ,,p[] ,,h\se4  ,! s\rce ( 
,buffalo's electrical p[] is ! =ce 9    
runn+ wat]1 b unlike almo/ e o!r wat]   
p[] x is nev]-ceas+4 ,its supply comes f
 ! hills & wat]%$s ( half a cont95t4 ,! 
,niag>a c nev] run dry1 c nev] dim9i% 9 
volume to make an iota ( diff]5ce4 ,x is
 ! n>r[ end ( a funnel ?r\gh :i* a      
resi/less =ce mu/ ev] fl[4 ,x is a =ce t
 w always exi/4 ,= all "t ! p[] ( !     
,niag>a develop$ into electricity w turn
 ! :eels ( indu/ry )9 ! great city ^u   
its banks4 ,no em]g5cy /eam plants w be 
ne$$1 z on ! banks ( _m riv]s1 to supply
 ! place ( fail+ wat] p[]4 ,niag>a's p[]
 is et]nal4                         ,a  
,,great ,,field ,,= ,,inve/ors4  ,n[h]e 
on ! ,nor? ,am]ican cont95t is !re s gr&
 a field = inve/m5t z 9 ,buffalo4       
,values "h h be5 & are ph5om5ally l[4 ,x
 has be5 & is a cons]vative city4 ,!re  
has nev] be5 a boom 9 ,buffalo4 ,!re has
 be5 increase 9 values1 b no inflation1 
no boom4 ,talk ( a ,buffalo boom has be5

 he>d1 b ! pres5ce ( a boom is "h d5i$  
mo/ emphatically & e>ne/ly4 ,values 9   
,buffalo & vic9ity are l[] ?an 9 any o!r
 progressive city ( its size 9 ! c\ntry4
 ,!re has be5 s mu* available l& t      
inflation has be5 *eck$4 ,a great deal (
 ,buffalo prop]ty has *ang$ h&s )9 ! pa/
 ye> or two1 b at v reasonable figures4 
,millions w be made )9 a few ye>s by    
l&hold]s1 & )\t ef=t on _! "p4 ,a doll> 
plant$ 9 ! soil ( ,buffalo today w spr+ 
up z two doll>s next ye>4  ,:5 a city   
d\bles its population x at ! same "t    
quadruples ! value ( its real e/ate4 ,x 
is freely prophesi$ t ,buffalo's        
population w be d\bl$ 9 five ye>s1      
quadrupl$ 9 t54 ,! *eape/ p[] 9 ! _w &  
unequall$ %ipp+ facilities--by railroad1
 lake & canal--w produce ?is wond]ful   
metamorphosis4  ,*eap p[]6 ,*eap        
freights6 ,a _w ( weal? is conta9$ 9 !  
comb9ation4  ,buffalo has a mo/         
sub/antial f\ndation on :i* to build a  
manufactur+ metropolis4 ,x is a         
cons]vative city1 full ( c>eful1 cauti\s

 bus9ess m54 ,x has come along by       
comp>atively sl[ & always /eady         
progress1 tak+ no =w>d /ep until /rong &
 ready = x4 ,comm]cial depressions h    
affect$ u b little4 ,panics h avoid$ u1 
= panics are l plagues & seize hold :]e 
! conditions are unheal?y4 ,we h _h     
nei!r plagues nor panics2 we h a heal?y 
city physically & f9ancially4  ,n[ a new
 era has dawn$4 ,we are ab\t to leap to 
an em95ce undream$ ( 9 ye>s gone by4    
,/rong f ! /r5g? ( "r bus9ess liv+ we   
are equal to ! swift] pace ( ! new ord] 
( ?+s4 ,! sublime =ce ( ! ,niag>a is    
*a9$ & div]t$ to manufactur+ uses4 ,e   
:eel 9 ,buffalo w be turn$ by ?is       
m>vel\s p[] at f> less co/ ?an ma*9]y c 
be run any:]e else 9 ! wide _w4 ,!re's a
 giant =ce beh9d ! leap4 ,*eap p[]6     
,*eap freights6 ,^! are ! talismanic    
symbols ( a mighty greatness4           
,,great ,,importance ,,( ,,! ,,lake     
,,traffic4  ,! ,review ( ,reviews 9 a   
rec5t article on ! traffic ( ! ,great   
,lakes1 proves ! extraord9>y importance 

( ?is traffic & ( ,buffalo's location f 
a comm]cial /&po9t4 ,x mu/ always be    
borne 9 m9d t ! great bulk ( ! lake     
traffic is tribut>y to ,buffalo4 ,!     
article ref]r$ to is z foll[s3          
8,few p]sons :o h n made a p]sonal /udy 
( ! matt]     realize ! magnitude ( !   
traffic ( ! ,great ,lakes4 ,!re     7   
ov] #a1ajj m vessels pass+ ?r\gh ! canal
 into     ,dulu?1 ,m9nesota1 9 #ahia1   
?an pass$ ?r\gh ! ,suez ,canal     ! ye>
 previ\s4 ,?r\gh ! 8,soo0 ,canal at !   
outlet ( ,lake     ,sup]ior !re 7 m ?an 
?ree times z _m vessels &     ne>ly a   
million & ?ree-qu>t]s tons m freight 9  
#ahij     ?an ?r\gh ! ,suez ,canal dur+ 
! same ye>4 ,!re is n     ! same        
absolute record ( vessels pass+ ?r\gh ! 
,detroit     ,riv] z is obta9able = !   
two po9ts previ\sly m5tion$4     ,b an  
e/imate made by ,hon4 ,george ,h4 ,ely1 
( ,clevel&1 %[s     t 9 #ahhi !re 7 m   
?an #cf1jjj1jjj tons ( freight     c>ri$
 ?r\gh ! ,detroit ,riv]4 ,?is sum seems 
l>ge :5 x     is /at$ by itself1 b !    

real magnitude w p]haps be     bett]    
appreciat$ :5 x is kn[n t ?is is        
#aj1jjj1jjj tons     9 excess ( !       
tonnage at all ! seaports ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates = ! same ye>1 & #c1jjj1jjj tons 9
 excess ( !     total arrivals &        
cle>ances1 bo? coa/wise & =eign1 (      
,liv]pool & ,london comb9$4 ,! arrivals 
& cle>ances (     vessels at ,*icago =  
#ahij numb]$ #ba1eda1 :ile !            
correspond+ aggregate = ,new ,york 0 b  
#ae1bhc4 ,! entries     & cle>ances = ! 
entire seabo>d ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9     t
 ye> 7 #cg1gef1 :ile = ! ,unit$ ,/ates  
ports on !     ,great ,lakes ! arrivals 
& cle>ances numb]$ #hh1bhj4 ,!          
traffic ( ! ,great ,lakes 9 #ahia 0 #bg 
p] c5t ( ! total     traffic ( all !    
railways ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! same     
ye>1 & if ! tonnage c>ri$ on ! lakes _h 
be5 c>ri$     in/ead by rail1 at !      
av]age price p] ton p] mile1 x w\ld     
h co/1 9 r\nd numb]s1 #aej1jjj1jjj m ?an
 0 actually     paid = its              
transportation by wat]40                

,,beautiful ,,gr& ,,isl&4  ,d[n !       
,niag>a riv] f ,buffalo a few miles !   
noble /ream divides & =ms ,gr& ,isl&4   
,?is is ,buffalo's wat]+-place4 ,hotels1
 club-h\ses1 summ] resid5ces & public   
pleasure gr\nds ab\nd all along ! riv]'s
 banks on ei!r side ( ! isl&1 :ile ! ri*
 f>m+ l& ( ! int]ior is devot$ to       
agriculture4 ,! air ( ! isl& is pure1 ! 
sc5]y delightful1 & ! ride ^u ! riv] to 
& f ! city is full ( re/ful *>m4  ,_m   
pleasure /eam]s ply betwe5 ! city & !   
isl& resorts1 & d a l>ge & remun]ative  
bus9ess4 ,b = ! great mass ( busy p "s  
sort ( transit m rapid ?an /eam]s is    
necess>y4 ,?is want is ab\t to be met4  
,a project has lately rip5$ to build a  
bridge f ! ma9l& & run an electric      
railroad across ! bridge & cle> ar\nd ! 
isl&1 connect+ ) ! /reet railroad sy/em 
( ! city4 ,long-head$ m5 =esee t :5 ?is 
is accompli%$ !re w be a quick & l>ge   
appreciation ( l& values on ! isl&1 & x 
is c]ta9 t )9 ! next few ye>s =tunes w  
be made 9 ,gr& ,isl& l&s z well z 9 ^? (

 ,buffalo & o!r sections ( ! ma9l&4 ,) !
 increas$ dem& = manufactur+ sites1     
indu/rial ent]prises w c]ta9ly seek t   
portion ( ! isl& ne>e/ to ,buffalo &    
,tonaw&a1 & ! o!r side1 fac+ ,canada1 w 
cont9ue to be occupi$ by summ] resorts1 
club-h\ses & resid5ces4                 
,,conclusion4  ,9 ?is little volume an  
ef=t has be5 made to acqua9t ! read] ) !
 spl5did pres5t & ! glori\s future (    
,buffalo4  ,among ! great ev5ts 9 !     
hi/ory ( indu/rial ent]prises ! turn+ ( 
,niag>a's wat] p[] into electric =ce is 
"o ( ! mo/ port5ti\s4  ,a va/ field1    
teem+ ) weal?1 lies op5 to our view1 & !
 trem5d\s possibilities--nay1 !         
c]ta9ties--= ,buffalo are %>ply def9$4  
,if "o tunnel c be con/ruct$1 s c two1  
or a doz51 or a score4 ,p[] w keep pace 
) ! dem& = x--p[] *eap] ?an any o!r on !
 face ( ! e>?--&1 z x c be easily       
transmitt$1 x w be *iefly us$ :]e x c be
 be/ us$1 & t is1 :]e ! acme ( %ipp+    
facilities is f\nd & mu/ always         
conc5trate1 9 ,buffalo4  ,! ?und] ( !   

,niag>a w rema9 :]e ! wat]s leap1 b its 
swift lightn+ is ,buffalo's4            
,illu/ration3    ,,niag>a ,,falls   #afj
 ,,feet ,,high                          
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,illu/ration                            
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,transcrib]'s note3       ,miss+ or     
obscur$ punctuation 0 sil5tly correct$4 
,typographical errors 7 sil5tly         
correct$4       ,inconsi/5t spell+ &    
hyph5ation 7 made consi/5t only       :5
 a pr$om9ant =m 0 f\nd 9 ?is book4