,,! ,,h&y ,,horse-,,book ,,op9ions ,,( ,,! ,,press4 8,mo/ c]ta9ly ! above title is no misnom]1 = ! #8,h&y ,horse-,book' is a manual ( driv+1 rid+1 & ! g5]al c>e & managem5t ( horses1 evid5tly ! "w ( no unskill$ h&40--,bell's ,life4 8,z cavalry (fic]1 hunt+ horseman1 coa* proprietor1 :ip1 & /eeple*ase rid]1 ! au?or has _h long & v>i\s exp]i5ce 9 ! managem5t ( horses1 & he n[ gives u ! cream ( 8 in=mation 9 a little volume1 :i* w be to horse-keep]s & horse-buy]s all t ! #8,h&y ,book on ,prop]ty ,law1' by ,"l ,/ ,leon>ds1 has = ye>s pa/ be5 to m5 ( bus9ess4 ,x does n pr(ess to tea* ! horse-keep] ev]y?+ t conc]ns ! bea/ t is "o ( ! mo/ delicate z well z ! noble/ ( animals2 b x supplies him ) a numb] ( valuable facts1 & puts him 9 possession ( lead+ pr9ciples40--,a!num4 8,! writ] %[s a ?or\gh k ( 8 subject1 & he fully c>ries out ! object = :i* he pr(esses to h und]tak5 8 task--namely1 to r5d] horse-proprietors indep5d5t ( ! dictations ( ignorant f>ri]s & grooms40--,obs]v]4 8,we ne$ only say t ! "w is ess5tially a multum 9 p>vo1 & t a book m practically useful1 or t 0 m requir$1 c\ld n h possibly be5 writt540--,iri% ,times4 8,he prop\nds no !ories1 b embodies 9 simple & unte*nical language :at he has le>n$ practically2 & a p]usal ( ! volume w at once te/ify t he is fully qualifi$ = ! task2 & s skilfully is ! matt] cond5s$ t !re is sc>cely a s+le s5t5ce :i* does n convey s\nd & valuable in=mation40--,sport+ ,gazette4 8,we c cordially recomm5d x z a book especially suit$ to ! g5]al public1 & n b5ea? ! att5tion ( #8practical m54'0--,! ,globe4 8,conta9s a v great modicum ( in=mation 9 an exce$+ly small space4444 ,!re c be little d\bt t x w1 :5 g5]ally kn[n1 become ! e/abli%$ vade mecum ( ! fox-hunt]1 ! c\ntry squire1 & ! tra9]40--,army & ,navy ,gazette4 8,a useful little "w4444 ,9 ! fir/ "p he gives j ! am\nt ( in=mation t w enable a man to "w 8 horse com=tably1 *eck 8 groom1 & g5]ally "k :at he is ab\t :5 rid+1 driv+1 or *oos+ ge>40--,spectator4 8,?is is a book to be read & re-read by all :o take an int]e/ 9 ! noble animal1 z x conta9s a mo/ compreh5sive view ( ev]y?+ app]ta9+ to horse-fle%2 & is1 moreov]1 z fit = ! libr>y & draw+-room z x is = ! mess-table or ! h>ness-room40--,sport+ ,magaz9e4 8,by all means buy ! book2 x w repay ! outlay40--,l& & ,wat]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,draw+ ,,cov] ,,! ,,h&y ,,horse-,,book ,,or ,,practical ,,in/ructions ,,9 ,,driv+1 ,,rid+1 ,,& ,,! ,,g5]al ,,c>e ,,& ,,managem5t ,,( ,,horses ,,by ,a ,,cavalry ,,(fic] ,,f\r? ,,edition1 ,,revis$ ,,& ,,enl>g$ ,) ,engrav+s ,,william ,,blackwood ,,& ,,sons ,,ed9burgh ,,& ,,london ,,mdccclxviii ,! ,"r ( ,translation is res]v$ ,,to ,,major-,,g5]al ,,"l ,,george ,,paget1 ,c4,b4 ,inspector-,g5]al ( ,cavalry1 ,,son ,,( ,,! ,,di/+ui%$ ,,horseman ,,& ,,h]o ,,:o ,,comm&$ ,,! ,,cavalry ,,at ,,wat]loo1 ,,& ,,himself ,a ,,lead] ,,among ,,! 8,,immortal ,,six ,,hundr$10 ,,?is ,,book ,,is ,,by ,,p]mission ,,inscrib$1 ,,9 ,,tribute ,,to ,,8 ,,soldi]ly ,,qualities1 ,,& ,,to ,,8 ,,consid]ation ,,= ,,! ,,noble ,,animal ,,:i* ,,has ,,c>ri$ ,,! ,,briti% ,,cavalry ,,?r\gh ,,s ,,_m ,,dang]s ,,to ,,s ,,_m ,,triumphs1 ,,by ,,8 ,,lord%ip',s ,,ob$i5t ,,s]vant1 8,,mag5ta40 ,,preface4 ,f9d+ myself a /&+ ref]5ce among my fri5ds & acqua9tance on matt]s relat+ to horse-fle%1 & be+ con/antly 9 ! habit ( giv+ !m advice v]bally & by lett]1 ,i h be5 induc$ to comply ) repeat$ sugge/ions to commit my k to pap]1 9 ! %ape ( a ,treatise or ,manual4 ,:5 ,i say t my exp]i5ce has be5 practically te/$ on ! road1 9 ! field1 on ! turf 7hav+ be5 =m]ly a /eeple*ase rid]1 z well z n[ a hunt+ horseman71 ) ! ribbons1 & 9 a cavalry regim5t1 ,i mu/ consid] t1 ) an ard5t ta/e = ev]y?+ belong+ to horses ?us n\ri%$ = ye>s1 ,i mu/ ei!r h sadly neglect$ my opportunities1 or h pick$ up "s k ( ! use & treatm5t ( ! animal 9 "q4#a ,born & br$1 ,i may say1 9 con/ant famili>ity ) a rac+-/able1 & hav+ be5 always devot$ly atta*$ to horses1 ! wrongs ( ^? noble animals h be5 prom95tly be=e my eyes1 & ,i h felt an anxi\s desire to see ju/ice done to !m1 :i*1 ,i am sorry to say1 accord+ to my obs]vation1 is b too seldom ! case2 inde$1 ,i h (t5 m>vell$ at ! tractability ( ^? p[]ful creatures "u ! mo/ p]v]t$ treatm5t by _! rid]s & driv]s4 ,my object1 !re=e1 9 (f]+ ! foll[+ rem>ks1 is n to tr5* ^u ! sph]e ( ! pr(essional vet]9>y surgeon or rid+-ma/]1 b to r5d] horse-proprietors indep5d5t ( ! dictation ( ignorant f>ri]s & grooms4 ,int5d+ ?is little "w m]ely z a useful manual1 ,i h purposely avoid$ te*nicalities1 z belong+ exclusively to ! pr(essional man1 & endeav\r$ to pres5t my diss]tations on disease 9 ! mo/ compreh5sive t]ms possible1 propos+ only simple rem$ies z f> z !y g2 ?\gh1 = ! satisfaction ( my read]s1 ,i may m5tion t1 z an amateur1 ,i h myself devot$ mu* "t & ?\ght to ! /udy ( anatomy1 & t any treatm5t ( disease h]e9 recomm5d$ has be5 c>efully p]us$ & approv$ by a vet]9>y surgeon4 ,!ories are exclud$1 & ,i conf9e myself simply to practical rules f\nd$ on my own exp]i5ce4 ,h9ts & rem>ks are "h (f]$ to ! g5]al public1 :i*1 to practical m51 w appe> trifl+ & unnecess>y2 b ke5 & ext5d$ obs]vation1 c>ri$ on z opportunity (f]$1 among/ all classes & 9 _m c\ntries & climates1 has giv5 me an insight into ! want ( reason+ exhibit$ by m5 ( e /ation 9 deal+ ) ! noble & will+ inmates ( ! /able1 & has assi/$ 9 sugge/+ ! necessity = j su* ,a ,b ,c in/ructions z are h]e9 pres5t$ by ! ,public's v humble s]vant1 8,,mag5ta40#b ,,preface ,,to ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,increas$ att5tion hav+ be5 direct$ to ! necessity = great] vigilance ) reg>d to ! bre$+ & production ( good & useful horses1 _m read]s h express$ a wi% t ,i w\ld give "s decid$ views on ^! subjects2 & concurr+ ) !m z to ! exig5cy ( ! case1 ,i h v5tur$1 9 an additional *apt] 9 ?is new & ,?ird ,edition1 to make a few rem>ks1 :i*1 al?\gh d\btless pat5t to practical m51 are naturally look$ = by ! public 9 ?is ,manual1 :i* has be5 s fav\rably receiv$4 8,,mag5ta40 ,,preface ,,to ,,f\r? ,,edition4 ,! ,?ird ,edition ( ?is little "w1 publi%$ s rec5tly z ,april la/1 be+ already out ( pr9t1 ! ,au?or1 9 pres5t+ a new "o1 feels call$ ^u gratefully to ackn[l$ge ?is unusual m>k ( fav\r on ! "p ( ! public4 ,,london1 ,novemb] #ahfg4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,"p ,i4 ,,bre$+1 #a ,,select+1 #b ,,buy+1 #f ,,/abl+1 #h ,,groom+1 #ab ,,halt]+1 #af ,,clo?+1 #ah ,,fe$+1 #bj ,,wat]+1 #be ,,graz+1 #bf ,,tra9+1 #bh ,,ex]cis+1 #ca ,,"w1 #cc ,,bridl+1 #ch ,,saddl+1 #dc ,,rid+1 #di ,,h>ness+1 #ef ,,driv+1 #fe ,,draw+1 #gb ,,%oe+1 #ge ,,vice1 #hd ,,sell+1 #hi ,,caprice1 #ij ,,iri% ,,hunt]s1 ,,& ,,! ,,bre$+ ,,( ,,good ,,horses1 #ic ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,diseases1 #aja ,,op]ations1 #ajb ,,to ,,give ,a ,,ball1 #ajd ,,to ,,give ,a ,,dr5*1 #aje ,,purg+1 #ajf ,,! ,,pulse1 #aji ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,head ,,& ,,respiratory ,,organs1 #aji ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,dige/ive ,,& ,,ur9>y ,,organs1 #abj ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,feet ,,& ,,legs1 #abg ,,lotions1 ,,purges1 ,,bli/]s1 ,,etc41 #aeh ,,index1 #afd ,,li/ ,,( ,,plates4 ,,draw+ ,,cov]1 frontispiece4 ,,! ,,hack1 page #d ,,! ,,weight-,,c>ry+ ,,hunt]1 0 #f ,,rid+ ,,at ,,x1 0 #ec ,,! ,,prop] ,,=m1 0 #ie ,,prep>atory ,,cant]1 0 #ii ,,! ,,h&y ,,horse-,,book4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,bre$+4 ,a few words only ( obs]vation w\ld ,i make on ?is subject4#c ,palpably our horses1 especially rac]s & hunt]s1 are deg5]at+ 9 size & p[]1 ow+ ma9ly1 x is to be fe>$1 to ! p>5ts be+ select$ m = ! reputation !y h ga9$ z w9n]s c>ry+ fea!r-weights1 ?an = any symmetrical developm5t or evid5ce ( endur+ p[] "u ! weight ( a man4 ,we ,engli% might take a useful lesson 9 select+ p>5tal /ock f ! ,fr5*1 :o reject our !ory ( bre$+ f animals simply because !y h reputation 9 ! rac+ cal5d>s1 & :o bre$ f none b ^? :i* h %ape & p[]1 z well z blood & p]=mance1 to recomm5d !m4 ,!y are also p>ticul> to avoid us+ = /ud purposes su* animals z may exhibit indications ( any con/itutional uns\ndness4 ,,select+4 ,9 select+ an animal1 ! "* ( ! "w = :i* he is requir$ %\ld be tak5 into consid]ation4 ,= example1 9 *oos+ a hack1 y w consid] :e!r he is = rid+ or = draught4 ,9 *oos+ a hunt]1 y mu/ be> 9 m9d ! peculi> nature ( ! c\ntry he w h to cont5d )4 ,a horse %\ld at all times h suffici5t size & p[] = ! weight he has to move4 ,x is an act ( cruelty to put a small horse1 be 8 c\rage & bre$+ ev] s good1 to c>ry a heavy man or draw a heavy load4 ,) reg>d to col\r1 "s sportsm5 say1 & ) tru?1 t 8a good horse c't be a bad col\r1 no matt] :at 8 %ade40 ,objection may1 h[ev]1 be reasonably made to pie-balls1 skew-balls1 or cream-col\r1 z be+ too conspicu\s1--moreov]1 fir/-class animals ( ^! %ades are r>e2 nor are ! roan or m\se-col\r$ ones z mu* priz$ z !y %\ld be4 ,bay1 br[n1 or d>k *e/nuts1#d black or grey horses1 are ab\t ! mo/ successful competitors 9 ! m>ket1 & may be pref]r$ 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are "h enum]at$4 ,v light *e/nut1 bay1 & :ite horses are said to be irritable 9 temp] & delicate 9 con/itution4#e ,m>es are object$ to by "s z be+ occasionally unc]ta9 9 temp] & vig\r1 & at times unsafe 9 h>ness1 f con/itutional irritation4 ,m importance is atta*$ to ^! assum$ drawbacks ?an !y des]ve2 & ?\gh ! price ( ! male is g5]ally f "o-f\r? to "o-six? m ?an t ( ! female1 ! latt] w be f\nd to get ?r\gh ord9>y "w q z well z ! =m]4 ,to judge ( ! ,age by ! ,tee?4--,! p]man5t nipp]s1 or front tee?1 9 ! l[] jaw1 are six4 ,! two front tee? are cut & plac$ at f two to ?ree ye>s ( age2 ! next pair1 at ea* side ( ! middle ones1 at f ?ree & a half to f\r2 & ! corn] pair betwe5 f\r & a half & five ye>s ( age1 :5 ! tusks 9 ! male are also produc$4 ,! m>ks or cavities 9 ^! nipp]s are effac$ 9 ! foll[+ ord]3--,at six ye>s old !y are worn out 9 ! two c5tre tee?1 at sev5 9 ! next pair1 & at eight 9 ! corn] ones1 :5 ! horse is describ$ z 8ag$40 ,aft] ?is1 z age advances1 ^! nipp]s appe> to *ange gradually ye> by ye> f an oval to a m deta*$ & triangul> =m1 till at tw5ty _! appe>ance is completely triangul>4 ,aft] six ! tusks become ea* ye> m blunt1 & ! grooves1 :i* at t age are visible inside1 gradually we> out4 ,! ,hack to ,ride4--,a horse ) a small well-%ap$ head seldom proves to be a bad "o2 !re=e su*1 ) small f9e e>s1 %\ld be s\ght 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 ,x is p>ticul>ly desirable t ! %\ld] ( a rid+ hack %\ld be light & well-plac$4 ,a high-)]$ horse is by no means ! be/ = t purpose4 ,let ! %\ld]-blades be well slant$ z ! horse /&s1 _! po9ts light 9 front t[>ds ! *e/4 ,nor %\ld !re be too wide a front2 = su* wid?1 ?\gh well en\gh = draught1 is n necess>y 9 a rid+-horse1 provid$ ! *e/ & gir? be deep4 ,z a matt] ( c\rse ! animal %\ld be o!rwise well =m$1 ) r long pa/]ns 7be=e b n beh9d71--! l5g? ( :i* increases ! ela/icity ( 8 movem5t on h>d roads4 ,8 action %\ld be indep5d5t & high1 b5d+ ! knees4 ,if he _c walk well--9 fact1 ) action s light t1 z ! deal]s say1 8he'd h>dly break an egg if he trod on x0--rais+ 8 legs briskly (f ! gr\nd1 :5 simply l$ by ! halt] 7giv+ him 8 head7--9 o!r words1 if he walks 8close to ! gr\nd0--he %\ld be at once reject$4 ,) reg>d to ! o!r paces1 diff]5t rid]s h diff]5t fancies3 ! trot & walk ,i consid] to be ! only important paces = a g5tleman's ord9>y rid+-horse4 ,x is v mat]ial1 9 select+ a rid+-horse1 to obs]ve h[ he holds 8 head 9 8 v>i\s paces2 & to judge ( ?is ! int5d+ pur*as] %\ld rem>k closely h[ he works on ! bit :5 ridd5 by ! r\gh-rid]1 & he %\ld also pay p>ticul> att5tion to ?is po9t :5 he is himself on 8 back1 be=e selection is made4#f ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,hack ,respect+ s\ndness1 ?\gh feel+ fully compet5t myself to judge ( ! matt]1 ,i consid] ! half-gu9ea fee to a vet]9>y surgeon well-laid-out money1 to obta9 8 pr(essional op9ion & a c]tificate ( ! /ate ( an animal1 :5 pur*as+ a horse ( any value4 ,! ,hack = ,draught ought to be z well =m$ z ! "o j describ$2 b a mu* heavi] %\ld] & =eh& altoge!r are admissible4 ,no "o %\ld ev] = a mom5t ?9k ( putt+ any h>ness-horse into a private vehicle1 no matt] :at 8 sell]'s recomm5dation1 )\t fir/ hav+ him out 9 a s+le or d\ble break1 z ! case may be1 & see+ him driv51 z well z driv+ him himself1 to make acqua9tance ) ! animal--9 fact1 to f9d him out4 ,! ,hunt]1 l ! hack1 %\ld be p>ticul>ly well-=m$ be=e ! saddle4 ,he %\ld be deep 9 ! gir?1 /rong 9 ! lo9s1 ) full developm5t ( ?igh1 %ort & flat 9 ! canon jo9t f ! knee to ! pa/]n1 ) l>ge flat hocks & s\nd =e legs4 ,?is animal1 l ! road-horse1 %\ld lift 8 feet cle> ( ! gr\nd & walk indep5d5tly1 ) evid5ce ( great propell+ p[] 9 ! h9d legs :5 put into a cant] or gallop4 ,a diff]5tly-%ap$ animal is requir$ = ea* k9d ( c\ntry ov] :i* 8 rid] has to be c>ri$4 ,9 ! midl& c\nties & ,york%ire1 ! l>ge ?ree-qu>t] or ?or\gh-br$ horse only w be f\nd to h pace & /r5g? en\gh to keep 8 place4 ,9 close c\ntries1 su* z ! s\?1 s\?-we/1 & "p ( ! nor? ( ,engl&1 a pla9]-br$ & clos]-set animal does be/4 ,9 c\ntries :]e ! f5ces are height jumps--a con/ant succession ( timb]1 or /one walls--"o mu/ look = a c]ta9 angul>ity ( hip1 n s h&some 9 appe>ance1 b giv+ great] lev]age to lift ! h9d legs ov] t description ( f5ce4 ,a hunt] %\ld be all action2 = if ! rid] f9ds he c be c>ri$ safely across c\ntry1 he w necess>ily h m confid5ce1 & g /raight]1 n !re=e requir+ s mu* pace to make up = r\nd-ab\t 8gat+0 gaps & 8cran+40#g ,,buy+4 ,if y propose pur*as+ f a deal]1 take c>e to employ none b a respectable man4 ,x is also well to get y\rself introduc$ to su* a "o1 by secur+ ! good (fices ( "s valuable cu/om] ( 8 = ! purpose2 = su* an introduction w /imulate any deal] :o values 8 "* to endeav\r by 8 deal+s to su/a9 x ) 8 patron4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,weight-,,c>ry+ ,,hunt] ,auction4--,an auction is a dang]\s place = ! un9itiat$ to pur*ase at4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x %\ld suit y to buy 9 t mann]1 ! be/ c\rse to pursue is to visit ! /ables on ! days previ\s to ! sale1 = 9 all well-regulat$ repositories ! horses are 9 = private inspection f two to ?ree days be=e ! auction-day4 ,tak+1 if possible1 "o good judge ) y1 es*ew+ ! op9ions ( all grooms & o!rs--9 fact1 fa/5+ ! responsibility ( selection on ! "o individual--make = y\rself all ! exam9ation y possibly c1 9 or out ( /able1 ( ! animal y ?9k likely to suit y4 ,!re is g5]ally a way ( f9d+ out "s ( ! antec$5ts ( ! horses f ! m5 ab\t ! e/abli%m5t4 ,fairs4--,to my m9d x is pref]able to pur*ase at fairs r ?an at an auction3 inde$1 a judge w !re h mu* m opportunity ( comp>ison ?an else:]e4 ,private ,pur*ase4--,9 buy+ f a private g5tleman or acqua9tance1 x is n unusual to get a horse on trial = ?ree or f\r days4 ,_m lib]al deal]s1 if !y h fai? 9 ! animal !y want to dispose (1 & 9 ! int5d+ pur*as]1 w p]mit ! same ?+4 ,w>ranty4--,z obs]v$ "u ! head ( 8,select+10 x is nev] wise to conclude ! pur*ase ( a horse )\t hav+ him exam9$ by a pr(essional vet]9>y surgeon1 & gett+ a c]tificate ( 8 actual /ate4 ,if ! animal be a high-pric$ "o1 a w>ranty %\ld be claim$ f ! sell] z a s9e qua non2 & if l[-pric$1 a pr(essional c]tificate is desirable1 /at+ ! ext5t ( uns\ndness1 = y\r own satisfaction4#h ,,/abl+4 ,v5tilation is a matt] ( ! fir/ importance 9 a /able4 ,! means ( +ress & egress ( air %\ld be always ?ree or f\r feet high] ?an ! range ( ! horses' heads1 = two simple reasons3 fir/1 :5 an animal comes 9 w>m1 x is n well to h cold air pass+ directly on ! heat$ surface ( 8 body2 &1 9 ! second place1 ! f\l air1 be+ ! lighte/1 always asc5ds1 & y give x ! readie/ mode ( exit by plac+ ! v5tilation high up4 ,! common l\v] w9d[1 :i* c nev] be completely clos$1 is ! be/ ord9>y v5tilator4 ,dra9age ought to be closely inve/igat$4 ,! dra9s %\ld run s z to remove ! traps or grates outside ! /able1 or z f> z possible f ! horses1 9 ord] to keep ! effluvium away f !m4 ,all f\l litt] & mass %\ld be remov$ frequ5tly dur+ ! day2 /raw & litt] ought n to be all[$ to rema9 "u a horse 9 ! daytime1 unless x be consid]$ exp$i5t t he %\ld re/ ly+ d[n1 9 :i* case let him be prop]ly b$d$ & kept z quiet z possible4 ,9 _m cases ! practice ( leav+ a small quantity ( litt] 9 ! /all is a f9e cloak = deposit & ur9e left unswept und]nea?1 emitt+ t noxi\s ammonia ) :i* ! air ( mo/ /ables is s disagreeably impregnat$ t on ent]+ !m f ! fre% air y are almo/ /ifl$4 ,ma/]s :o object to _! horses /&+ on ! b>e pavem5t c ord] t1 aft] ! /all is ?or\ghly clean$ & swept out1 a ?9 lay] ( /raw %all be laid ov] ! /ones dur+ ! daytime4 ,9 deal]s' & liv]y /ables1 & inde$ 9 "s g5tlem5's1 ! pavem5t is s&$ ov]1 :i* has a nice appe>ance1 & prev5ts slipp+4 ,:5 ! f\l litt] is ab/ract$1 & ! /raw b$d+ tak5 f "u ! horse1 none ( x %\ld be pu%$ away "u ! mang]2 let x be entirely remov$3 & 9 fair wea!r1 or :]e a %$ is available1 ! b$d+ %\ld be %ak5 out1 to ?or\ghly dry & let ! air pass ?r\gh x4 ,:eat5 is m durable ?an oat5 /raw = litt]3 b ! fibre ( ! =m] is s /rong t x w leave m>ks on ! coat ( a f9e-sk9n$ animal :]ev] x may be unprotect$ by ! clo?+2 h[ev]1 ?is is n mat]ial4 ,light %\ld be freely admitt$ into /ables1 n only t ! grooms may be able to see to clean ! horses prop]ly1 & to d all ! /able-"w1 b if horses are kept 9 ! d>k x is natural t !y %\ld be m easily />tl$ :5 !y g into full daylight1--& su* is always ! consequ5ce ( badly-light$ /ables4 ,( c\rse1 if a horse is ail+1 & sleep is absolutely necess>y = him1 he %\ld be plac$ sep>ate 9 a d>k quiet place4 ,/alls %\ld be wide1 f six to sev5 feet across if possible1 yield+ ?is 9 addition to o!r advantages1 t if ! p>titions are ext5d$ by means ( b>s to ! back wall1 ei!r end /all c be turn$ into a loose-box suffici5tly l>ge to s]ve 9 an em]g5cy4 ,a ,loose-,box is unque/ionably pref]able to a /all 79 :i* a horse is ti$ up all ! "t he is n at "w 9 ne>ly ! same position71 & is indisp5sable 9 cases ( illness4 ,loose-boxes %\ld be pav$ ) n>r[ bricks2 & :5 prep>$ = ! reception ( an animal ^: %oes h be5 remov$1 ! floor %\ld be cov]$ ) sawdu/ or tan1 or ei!r ( ^! mix$ ) f9e s&y e>?1 or1 be/ ( all1 peat-m\ld :5 procurable1--any ( :i*1 :]e ! indisposition is conf9$ to ! feet only1 may be kept slightly moi/5$ ) wat] to cool !m4 ,9 cases ( g5]al illness1 /raw %\ld be us$ = b$d+2 & :]e ! poor bea/ is likely to injure himself 9 p>oxysms ( pa91 ! walls or p>titions %\ld be well padd$ 9 all p>ts )9 8 rea*1 & z a fur!r precaution let ! door be made to op5 outw>ds1 & be fa/5$ by a bolt1 z lat*es sometimes cause accid5ts4 ,p>titions %\ld be c>ri$ high en\gh t[>ds ! head to prev5t ! horses f be+ able to bite "o ano!r1 or get at ea* o!r's food4 ,) reg>d to /able-kick]s1 see ! rem>ks on ?is subject "u ! head ( 8,vice0 7page #he74 ,racks & ,mang]s are n[ made ( iron1 s t horses c no long] gnaw away ! mang] piecemeal4 ,ano!r improvem5t is t ( plac+ ! rack on a level ) & beside ! mang]1 in/ead ( above ! horses' heads2 b not)/&+ ?is m reasonable me?od ( fe$+ hay :5 :ole1 x is f> pref]able to give x z mang]-food cut into *aff4 ,floor+4--,9 ! con/ruction ( mo/ /ables a cruel practice is ?\ghtlessly adopt$ by ! way ( facilitat+ dra9age 7& 9 deal]s' /ables to make horses look l>ge71 viz41 t ( rais+ ! pav+ t[>ds ! mang] consid]ably above ! level ( ! re> "p4 ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t ! horse is peculi>ly s5sitive to any /ra9 on ! ins]tions ( ! back or flexor t5dons ( 8 legs4 ,?us 9 /alls =m$ z describ$1 y w see ! creature endeav\r+ to relieve himself by gett+ 8 toes d[n betwe5 ! flags or /ones 7if ! pavem5t w admit7 ) ! heels re/+ ^u ! edges ( !m2 & if ! fa/5+ to ! head be long en\gh he w draw back /ill f>!r1 until he c get 8 toes d[n into ! dra9-*annel beh9d 8 /all1 ) ! heels ^u ! opposite elevation ( ! dra94 ,prop] pavem5t 9 y\r /able w help to alleviate a t5d5cy t[>ds :at is call$ 8clap ( ! back s9ew40--,see page #adc4 ,! slope ( an in* & a half or two in*es is suffici5t = purposes ( dra9age 9 pav+ /ables2 b if ! dra9age c be manag$ s z to all[ ( ! floor+ be+ made q level1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,%\ld my read] be dispos$ to build /abl+1 he _c d bett] ?an consult ! v useful & practical "w entitl$ #8,/oneh5ge1 or ! ,horse 9 ! ,/able & 9 ! ,field4' ,! horse be+ a greg>i\s animal1 & mu* happi] 9 society ?an alone1 w1 9 ! abs5ce ( company ( 8 own species1 make fri5ds ) ! mo/ sociable liv+ neighb\r he c f9d4 ,a horse %\ld n be left solit>y if x c be avoid$4 ,dogs %\ld nev] be kept 9 ! /able ) horses1 or be p]mitt$ to be _! playfell[s1 on acc\nt ( ! noxi\s emissions f _! excrem5t4 ,cats are bett] & m :olesome companions4 ,,groom+4 ,i d n pr(ess to tea* grooms _! bus9ess1 b to put ma/]s on _! gu>d aga9/ ! common errors & malpractices ( t class2 & ) a view to t end1 two or ?ree g5]al rules are add$ :i* a ma/] w\ld d well to en=ce on a groom :5 hir+ him1 z b9d+1 "u pa9 ( dismissal4 #a4 ,nev] to doctor a horse himself1 b to acqua9t 8 ma/] imm$iately ) any accid5t1 w\nd1 or symptom ( indisposition ab\t ! animal1 t may come "u 8 obs]vation1 & :i*1 if 9 exi/5ce1 ought n to fail to attract ! att5tion ( a c>eful1 intellig5t s]vant dur+ con/ant h&l+ ( & att5dance on 8 *>ge4 #b4 ,always to ex]cise ! horses 9 ! place appo9t$ by 8 ma/] = ! purpose1 & nev] to cant] or gallop !m4 #c4 ,to /& by :ile a horse is hav+ its %oes *ang$ or remov$1 & see t any directions he may h receiv$ on ! subject are c>ri$ out4 #d4 ,nev] to clean a horse out ( doors4 ,^! rules are recomm5d$ "u a j appreciation ( t gold5 "o1 8,prev5tion is bett] ?an cure40 ,if ! ma/] is satisfi$ ) an ill-groom$ horse1 n9e-t5?s ( ! grooms w be s likewise2 !re=e he may to a great ext5t blame himself if 8 be>]'s dress+ is neglect$4 ,grooms are especially fond ( us+ wat] 9 clean+ ! horse 7?\gh (t5 r c>eful h[ !y use x ) !mselves1 ei!r inside or out73 x saves !m tr\ble1 to ! great injury ( ! animal4 ,! same pr$om9at+ laz9ess :i* prompts !m to use wat] = ! removal ( mud1 c41 9 pref]5ce to employ+ a dry wisp or bru% = ! purpose1 =bids _! ex]t+ !mselves to employ ! prop] means ( dry+ ! p>ts clean$ by wet4 ,!y w h rec\rse to any exp$i5t to dry ! sk9 r ?an ! legitimate "o ( friction4 ,ov] ! body !y w place clo?s to soak up ! wet2 on ! legs !y w roll _! fav\rite b&ages4 ,x is be/1 !re=e1 to =bid ! use ( wat] above ! ho( = ! purpose ( clean+--except ) ! mane & tail1 :i* %\ld be prop]ly wa%$ ) soap & wat] occasionally4 ,:5 "s sev]e "w has be5 done1 s z to occasion p]spiration1 ! e>s %\ld n be m neglect$ ?an ! re/ ( ! body2 & :5 !y are dri$ by h&-rubb+ & pull+1 ! horse w feel refre%$4 ,z already recomm5d$1 clean+ out ( doors %\ld be =bidd54 ,if "o c\ld rely on ! discretion ( s]vants1 clean+ might be done outside occasionally 9 f9e wea!r2 b lic5ce on ?is score be+ once giv51 ! probability is t y\r horse w be f\nd %iv]+ 9 ! op5 air on "s inclem5t day4 ,! groom always uses a pick] 9 ! process ( wa%+ & clean+ ! feet1 to dislodge all extrane\s matt]1 /ones1 c41 t may h be5 pick$ up 9 ! clefts ( ! frog & !reab\ts2 he also wa%es ! foot ) a long-hair$ bru%4 ,9 dry wea!r1 aft] heavy "w1 x is good to /op ! =e feet ) :at is call$ 8/opp+0 7c[-dung71 :i* is n difficult to procure4 ,wet clay is sometimes us$ 9 ,london = ! purpose 9 ! abs5ce ( c[-dung4 ,v useful1 too1 9 su* case w be f\nd a /opp+ compos$ ( "o "p l9se$-meal to two p>ts bran1 wett$1 & mix$ to a /ick+ consi/5cy4 ,! evid5ce ( c>e 9 ! groom$ appe>ance ( ! mane & tail looks well4 ,an occasional inspection ( ! mane by ! ma/] may be desirable1 by turn+ ov] ! hairs to ! rev]se side2 any signs ( dirt or d&riff f\nd _c be cr$itable to ! groom4 ,b&ag+4--,:5 a hunt] comes 9 f a sev]e day1 x is an excell5t plan to put r\gh b&ages 7provid$ = ! purpose7 on ! legs1 leav+ !m on :ile ! re/ ( ! body is clean+2 x w be f\nd t ! mud & dirt ( ! legs w to a great ext5t fall (f 9 flakes on _! removal1 ?us r$uc+ ! "t employ$ 9 clean+4 ,:5 8 legs are clean$ & well h&-rubb$1 put on ! usual-siz$ flannel b&ages4 ,!y %\ld nev] rema9 on m ?an f\r or six h\rs1 & :5 tak5 (f 7n to be aga9 us$ till ! next sev]e "w7 ! legs %\ld be once m h&-rubb$4 ,b&ages ought n to be us$ "u o!r circum/ances ?an ! above1 except by ord] ( a vet]9>y surgeon = uns\ndness4 ,9 "s cases ( uns\ndness--su* z undue di/5sion ( ! burs1 call$ 8w9d-galls10 ! effect ( "w--a l95 or cotton b&age kept cont9ually saturat$ ) wat]1 salt & wat]1 or v9eg>1 & n mu* tight5$1 may rema9 on ! affect$ legs2 b mu* _c be said = ! efficacy ( ! treatm5t4 ,= :at is call$ 8clap10 or suppos$ di/5sion ( ! back s9ew 7:i* is 9 reality no di/5sion ( ! t5don1 z t is said to be impossible1 ?\gh "s ( its fibres may be injur$1 b inflammation ( ! %ea? ?r\gh :i* ! t5don passes71 ! cold lotion b&ag+ j describ$1 9 connection ) ! directions giv5 "u ! head ( 8,%oe+0 7page #hb71 w be f\nd v s]viceable4 ,grooms' ,requisites are usually und]/ood to comprise ! foll[+ articles3--a body-bru%1 wat]-bru%1 d&riff or 8d&]0 bru%1 pick]1 scrap]1 mane-comb1 curry-comb1 pit*=k1 %ovel & broom1 manure-basket1 *amois-lea!r1 bucket1 sponges1 du/]s1 corn-sieve1 & measures2 lea!r boot = p\ltices1 cly/] syr+e 7requir+ especial caution 9 use--see page #aei1 note71 dr5*+-horn1 b&ages 7wooll5 & l9572 a box ) a supply ( /opp+ con/antly at h&2 a small /ore ( t[ & t>1 mo/ useful 9 *eck+ ! disease call$ ?ru% 7page #ace7 be=e x assumes a *ronic =m2 a lump ( rock-salt1 ready to replace ^? :i* %\ld be always kept 9 ! mang]s to promote ! g5]al heal? ( ! animals z well z to amuse !m by lick+ x2 a lump ( *alk1 ready at any "t = use 79 ! same mann] z rock-salt7 9 ! treatm5t ( "s diseases1 z describ$1 pages #aed & #afj4 ,s+e+1 !re is little d\bt1 t5ds to improve ! condition ( ! animal2 s mu* s1 t timid us]s d well to rememb] t animals :i*1 be=e ! removal ( _! w9t] coat1 requir$ p]petual rem9d]s ( ! :ip1 w1 directly !y are dive/$ ( t cov]+1 ev9ce a _s1 vig\r1 & endurance :i* _h rema9$1 p]haps1 q unsuspect$ previ\sly4 ,9 fact1 9 mo/ cases1 ! g5]al heal? & appetite seem to be improv$4 ,s+e+1 :5 sev]e rapid "w is done1 enables ! horse to p]=m 8 task ) less di/ress1 & :5 x is ov]1 facilitates 8 be+ made com=table 9 ! %orte/ possible space ( "t4 ,s+e+1 if done e>ly 9 ! w9t]1 requires to be repeat$ lightly ?ree or f\r times dur+ ! season4 ,clipp+ has exactly ! same effect z ! above1 & is pref]able to x only 9 cases :]e1 ! animal's coat be+ extremely long1 extra lab\r1 loss ( "t1 & flame1 are avoid$ by ! clipp+ process4 ,s+e+ is be/ ) ! light] coats1 b sometimes ?9 sk9n$ & coat$ animals are too n]v\s & excitable to be> ! flame ne> !m = ?is purpose1 9 :i* case ! cause ( al>m ought obvi\sly to be avoid$1 & clipp+ resort$ to4 ,x is wor? :ile to employ ! be/ manipulators to p]=m ^! op]ations4 ,) horses int5d$ = sl[ & easy "w1 & liable to cont9u$ exposure to ! wea!r1 s+e+ or clipp+ only ! "u "p ( ! belly1 & ! long hairs ( ! legs1 w suffice4 ,unless neatly & ta/ily done1 ?is is v unsightly on a g5tleman's horse4 ,clipp+1 if n done till ! beg9n+ ( ,decemb]1 seldom requires repetition4 ,9 /ony & r\gh c\ntries1 x is ! habit ( judici\s horsem5 to leave ! hair on _! hunt]s' legs f ! knees & hocks d[n1 z a protection to !m4 ,,halt]+4 ,! ,head-,/all %\ld fit a horse1 & h a prop] br[-b&2 x is ridicul\s to suppose t ! same siz$ "o c suit all heads4 ,ord9>y head-/alls h only "o buckle1 :i* is on ! ?roat-la% ne>-side2 & if ! /all be made to fit1 t is suffici5t4 ,o!rwise !re %\ld be ?ree buckles1 "o on ea* side ( ! *eek-/raps1 besides ! "o on ! ?roat-la%4 ,let ! fa/5+ f ! head-/all to ! log be ( rope or lea!r4 ,*a9 fa/5+s are objectionable1 because1 besides be+ heavy1 !y are v apt to cat* 9 ! r+1 & !y make a fe>ful noise1 especially :]e !re are _m horses 9 ! /able4 ,by hav+ rope or lea!r z a fa/5]1 in/ead ( *a91 ! log may be light] 7( wood in/ead ( iron71 & ! less weight !re is to drag ! creature's head d[n1 ! less ! di/ress to him4 ,poll-evil 7page #aag71 x is said1 has frequ5tly result$ f ! pressure ( ! head-/all on ! poll1 occasion$ by heavy p5dants4 ,*a9s are m durable1 & t is all t c be said 9 _! fav\r1 except t !y may be necess>y = a few vici\s devils :o are up to ! trick ( sev]+ ! rope or lea!r ) _! tee?4 ,see t ! log is suffici5tly heavy to keep ! rope or lea!r at /ret*1 & t ! mang]-r+ is l>ge en\gh to all[ ! fa/5+ to pass freely4 ,if ! log is too light1 or ! mang]-r+ too small1 ! likely result w be t ! log w rema9 close up "u ! r+1 ! fa/5+ fall+ into a sort ( loop1 ?r\gh :i* ! horse mo/ probably introduces 8 foot1 &1 9 8 consequ5t al>m & ef=ts to dis5tangle 8 legs1 *ucks up 8 head1 & away he goes on 8 side1 gets 8halt]-ca/10 mo/ likely breaks "o ( 8 h9d legs 9 8 /ruggles to rega9 8 foot+1 or at lea/ dislocates "o ( _! jo9ts4 ,,clo?+4 ,op9ions diff] mat]ially z to ! am\nt ( clo?+ t ought to be us$ 9 ! /able4 ,my view ( ! matt] is1 t a /able be+1 z x %\ld be1 ?or\ghly v5tilat$1 necessitates ! horses 9 x be+ to a c]ta9 ext5t kept w>m by clo?+4 ,an animal t has n be5 dive/$ ( 8 own coat by clipp+ or s+e+1 w require v little cov]+ inde$2 = nature's provision1 be+ suffici5t to protect him out ( doors1 ought surely to suffice 9 ! /able1 ) a v slight addition ( clo?+4 ,if he has be5 clipp$ or s+$1 cov]+ en\gh to make up = :at he has lo/ ought to be ample3 by go+ beyond ?is ! horse is only made t5d]1 & m susceptible ( ! influ5ces ( ! atmosph]e :5 he comes to be expos$ to x ) only a saddle on 8 back4 ,9 p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 ,i h obs]v$1 :]e ! /ables are built r\ghly ( wood1 ) _m fissures to admit ! wea!r1 horses are seldom1 if ev]1 %eet$4 ,!y are c]ta9ly r>ely dive/$ ( _! coats2 b dur+ "w1 z occasion may require1 x is usual = ! rid]1 :5 /opp+ at any place1 to leave 8 horse 8hit*$0 7z !y call x7 to any conv5i5t po/ or tree1 9 all wea!rs1 & = any l5g? ( "t1 & ^! horses sc>cely ev] cat* cold4 ,! be/ ,%eet is =m$ ( a rug 7sizeable en\gh to meet across ! brea/ & ext5d to ! qu>t]s71 by simply cutt+ ! slope ( ! neck out ( x1 & fa/5+ ! po9ts across ! brea/ by two /raps & buckles4 ,! ,hood ne$ only be us$ :5 ! horse is at walk+ ex]cise1 or likely to be expos$ to wea!r1 or = ! purpose ( sweat+1 :5 a c\ple ( !m1 ) two or ?ree %eets1 may be us$4--,see page #cb4 ,horse-clo?+ %\ld be1 at lea/ once a-week1 tak5 outside ! /able1 & well beat5 & %ak5 l a c>pet4 ,roll]s %\ld be look$ to f "t to "t1 to see t ! pads ( ! roll] d n meet )9 ?ree or f\r in*es 7ov] ! backbone71--9 o!r words1 !re %\ld be always a cle> *annel ov] x1 ne>ly l>ge en\gh to pass ! h&le ( a broom ?r\gh1 s z to avoid ! possibility ( ! upp] "p ( ! roll] ev5 t\*+ ! %eet ov] ! sp9al ridge1 :i*1 if p]mitt$1 w be sure to cause a sore back1 to ! great injury ( ! horse & 8 ma/]1 ar\s+ vici\s habits 9 ! =m] to res5t any t\*1 necess>y or unnecess>y1 ( ! sore place on s s5sitive a "p1 & r5d]+ him irritable :5 clo?+1 saddl+1 or h>ness+1 or if a h& ev5 approa* ! t5d] place4 ,?is is s tr\blesome a consequ5ce ( n pay+ att5tion to ! padd+ ( roll]s1 t a ma/] w d well to exam9e !m himself = 8 own satisfaction4 ,knee-,caps4--,on all occasions :5 a valuable horse is tak5 by a s]vant on road or rail1 8 knees %\ld be protect$ by caps4 ,! only way to secure !m is to fa/5 !m tightly above ! knee1 :]e ela/ic /raps are decid$ly pref]able1 leav+ ! fa/5+ bel[ ! knee slack4 ,a ,lea!r ,boot1 l9$ ) sponge1 or "o ( felt ) a /rong lea!r sole1 %\ld be ready 9 e /able to be us$ z requir$1 9 cases ( sudd5 foot-lam5ess4 ,,fe$+4 ,! cavalry all[ances are #ab lb4 hay1 #aj lb4 oats1 & #h lb4 /raw daily1 :i*1 ,i "k by exp]i5ce1 w keep a heal?y animal 9 condition ) ! "w requir$ f a dragoon horse1 ( ! sev]ity ( :i* none b ^? acqua9t$ ) t bran* ( ! s]vice h any idea4 ,until he is p]fectly fit = ! ranks1 betwe5 rid+-s*ool1 field-days1 & drill1 ! troop-horse has q "w en\gh = any bea/4 ,i may add t few horses belong+ to (fic]s ( cavalry get m ?an ! above all[ance1 unless :5 regul>ly hunt$1 9 :i* case additional corn & beans are giv54 ,) sev]e "w1 #ad lb4 to #af lb4 ( oats1 & #ab lb4 ( hay1 :i* is ! g5]al all[ance 9 well-regulat$ hunt+-/ables1 ought to be suffici5t4 ,beans are also giv5 9 small quantity4 ,"s p]sons fe$ _! horses ?ree times a-day1 b x is bett] to divide _! food into f\r daily portions1 wat]+ !m1 at lea/ half an h\r be=e ea* fe$4 ,! habit :i* "s grooms h ( fe$+ :ile !y are teaz+ an animal ) ! prelim9>ies ( clean+1 is v s5seless1 z ! uneas9ess horses are sure to exhibit "u any?+ l groom+ causes !m to knock ab\t _! heads & scatt] _! food4 ,on a j\rney1 accord+ to ! call ^u ! sy/em by ! increas$ am\nt ( "w1 s %\ld ! horse's fe$+ be augm5t$ by "o-?ird1 "o-f\r?1 or "o-half m ?an usual4 ,a few beans or pease may well be add$ "u su* circum/ances4 ,9 /ables :]e ! /alls are divid$ by bales or sw++-b>s1 ! horses :5 fe$+ %\ld h _! heads s ti$ z to prev5t !m f consum+ _! neighb\r's food1 or ! result w\ld be t ! gre$y or m rapid eat]s w\ld succe$ 9 dev\r+ m ?an _! fair %>e1 :ile ! sl[] fe$]s w\ld h to g on %ort commons4 ,oats ought always to be bruis$1 z _m horses1 :e!r f gre$9ess 9 dev\r+ _! food1 or f _! tee? be+ incapable ( gr9d+1 swall[ !m :ole2 & x is a notori\s fact t oats1 unless ma/icat$1 pass "r ?r\gh ! animal undige/$4 ,:5 supplies h be5 v defici5t ) =ces 9 ! field1 ! camp-foll[]s h be5 kn[n to exi/ ^u ! gra9 extract$ f ! dropp+s ( ! horses4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t n m ?an at ! utmo/ two days' consumption ( oats %\ld be bruis$ at a "t1 z !y soon turn s\r 9 t /ate1 & are ?us unfit = ! use ( t mo/ delicate fe$]1 ! horse4 ,all oats be=e be+ bruis$ %\ld be well sift$1 to dispose ( ! gravel & du/ :i* are always pres5t 9 ! gra9 z x comes f ! f>m]4 ,unbruis$ oats1 if ev] us$1 %\ld be simil>ly prep>$ be=e be+ giv5 9 fe$4 ,hay ought always to be cut into *aff or may be mix$ ) ! corn1 :i* is ! only way to insure ! prop] proportion be+ giv5 at a fe$4 ,:5 ! hay is n cut b f$ f ! rack1 nev] m ?an #c lb4 %\ld be put 9 ! rack at a "t4 ,if desirable to give z mu* z #ab lb4 daily1 let ! rack be fill$ six times 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,beans mu/ be inv>iably split or bruis$4 ,x is bett] to give a high] price = ,engli% beans ?an to use ! ,egyptian at any price2 ! latt] are said to be impregnat$ ) ! eggs ( insects1 :i* adh]e to ! l9+ ( ! horse's /oma*1 caus+ him s]i\s injury4 ,9 ,india horses are pr9cipally f$ on a k9d ( small pea call$ 8gram0--9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates _! *ief food is maize2 ! oat-plant n succe$+ well 9 ei!r ( ^? regions4 ,bran4--,food %\ld be v>i$ occasionally1 & all horses n actually 9 tra9+ ought to h a bran-ma% once a-week4 ,! be/ "t to give ?is is = ! fir/ fe$ aft] ! "w is done1 on ! day prec$+ ! re/ day1 :5ev] t may be4 ,ev5 hunt]s1 aft] a h>d day1 w eat ! bran ) avidity1 & x is well to give x = ! fir/ meal4 ,its laxative qualities r5d] x a s$ative & cool] 9 ! half-fev]i% /ate ( sy/em induc$ by ! ex]tion & excitem5t ( ! *ase2 & accord+ to my exp]i5ce1 if giv5 j aft] ! "w is done1 ! dige/ive process1 relax$ by ! bran1 has full "t to recov] itself by ! gra9-fe$+ be=e ! next call is made on ! horse's p[]s4 ,if ! bran is n lik$1 a little bruis$ oats may be mix$ ?r\gh x to tempt ! palate4 ,:ole gra9s ( oats %\ld nev] be mix$ ) bran1 z !y mu/ ( necessity be bolt$ ) ! latt]1 & pass$ ?r\gh ! animal entire4 ,ma%4--,:5 only do+ ord9>y "w1 ! foll[+ ma% %\ld be giv5 to ea* horse on ,saturday night aft] "w1 suppos+ y\r bea/s to re/ on ,sunday3-- ,put half a p9t ( l9se$ 9 a two-qu>t pan ) an ev5 edge2 p\r on x "o qu>t ( boil+ wat]1 cov] x close1 & leave to soak = f\r h\rs4 ,at ! same "t moi/5 half a bucket ( bran ) a gallon ( wat]4 ,:5 ! l9se$ has soak$ = f\r h\rs1 a hole mu/ be made 9 ! middle ( ! bran1 & ! l9se$ mass mix$ into ! bran mass4 ,! :ole =ms "o fe$4 ,%\ld "t be an object1 boil sl[ly half a p9t ( l9se$ 9 two qu>ts ( wat]1 & add x to half a bucket ( bran :i* _h be5 previ\sly /eep$ = half an h\r or an h\r 9 a gallon ( wat]4 ,if a cold is pres5t1 or an animal is delicate1 ! bran c be saturat$ ) boil+ wat]1 ( :i* a little m c be add$ to w>m x :5 giv54 ,c>rots1 :5 a horse is delicate1 w be f\nd acceptable1 & are bo? nutriti\s & :olesome z food4 ,9 spr+ & summ]1 :5 vet*es or o!r gre5 food c be _h1 an occasional treat ( t sort conduces to heal? :]e ! "w is suffici5tly mod]ate to admit ( s(t fe$+4 ,:5 horses are coat+ 9 spr+ or autumn1 or weak f fatigue or delicacy1 ! addition to _! food ( a little m nutrim5t may be f\nd b5eficial4 ,! ,engli% :ite pea is mild] & n s heat+ z beans1 & may be giv5 half a p9t twice daily1 mix$ ) ! ord9>y fe$+1 = f "o to ?ree or f\r weeks1 z may be deem$ advisable4 ,:5 an animal is 8(f 8 fe$10 z x is call$1 att5tion %\ld be imm$iately direct$ to 8 mang]1 :i* is (t5 f\nd to be %amefully neglect$1 ! bottom ( x cov]$ ) gravel1 or p]haps ! ends & corn]s full ( f\l matt]1 su* z ! s\r rema9s ( ! la/ bran-ma% & o!r half-ma/icat$ leav+s4 ,! introduction ( any greasy or fetid matt] into a horse's food w effectually prev5t ?is da9ty creature f t\*+ x4 ,x us$ to be a common practice at ho/elries 9 ! old5 "t1 to rub ! tee? ( a travell]'s horse ) a tall[ c&le or a little oil2 ?us caus+ ! poor bea/ to leave 8 food unt\*$ = ! b5efit ( 8 unfeel+ att5dant4 ,aga91 ! oats or hay may be f\nd1 on close exam9ation1 to be mu/y1 :i* causes !m to be reject$ by ! bea/4 ,:]e no palpable cause = loss ( appetite c be discov]$1 ref]5ce %\ld be made to a qualifi$ vet]9>y surgeon1 :o w exam9e ! animal's m\?1 tee?1 & g5]al /ate ( heal?1 & probably report t ! l9+ ( ! *eeks is highly inflam$ 9 "s "p1 ow+ to undue angul>ity or decay ( ! tee?1 & he w "k h[ to act accord+ly4 ,:5 horses are on a j\rney1 or a long ride home aft] hunt+1 "s p recomm5d ! use ( gruel2 b1 f exp]i5ce1 ,i pref] giv+ a h&ful ( wett$ hay 9 half a bucket ( tepid wat]1 or ale or port]4--,see page #cg4 ,fe$+ on ,bo>d ,%ip %\ld be conf9$ to *aff & bran1 mix$ ) ab\t "o-f\r? ! usual quantity ( bruis$ oats4 ,?\gh horses g5]ally look well :5 8full ( fle%10 !re are _m reasons :y !y %\ld n be all[$ to become fat aft] ! fa%ion ( a f>m]'s 8/all-f$s40 ,"s really good grooms ?9k ?is =m ( condition ! p9k ( p]fection4 ,!y are mi/ak54 ,an animal 9 su* a /ate is q unfit to travel at any fa/ pace or be> cont9u$ ex]tion )\t injury1 & may !re=e be consid]$ s f> useless4 ,he is also mu* m liable to contract disease1 & if attack$ by su* ! con/itution succumbs m readily4 ,moreov]1 ! sup]flu\s weight ( ! cumbr\s fle% & fat t5ds to increase ! we> & te> ( ! legs2 & if ! latt] be at all light f ! knee to ! pa/]n1 !y are m likely to suff]4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x may be well to obs]ve1 by way ( caution1 t x is by no means good managem5t to let a horse become at any "t r$uc$ to actual leanness ?r\gh ov]work or defici5t fe$+4 ,x is f> easi] to pull d[n ?an to put up fle%4 ,^! h9ts on fe$+ may be clos$ ) a rem>k1 t 9 all l>ge t[ns contractors are to be f\nd ready & will+ to ent] into contract = fe$+ g5tlem5's horses by ! mon? or ye>4 ,?is is a v desirable arrangem5t = ma/]s1 b "o frequ5tly object$ to by s]vants1 :o1 h[ev]1 9 su* cases c easily be replac$ by application to ! deal]1 he hav+ necess>ily excell5t opportunities ( meet+ ) o!rs z effici5t4 ,contractors %\ld n be all[$ to supply m ?an two or ?ree days' =age at a "t4 ,,wat]+4 ,horses are great] epicures 9 wat] ?an is g5]ally suppos$1 & w make a ru% = "s fav\rite spr+ or rivulet :]e wat] may h once prov$ acceptable to _! palate1 :5 t ( o!r dr9k+-places has be5 reject$ or sc>cely t\*$4 ,! groom's common maxim is to wat] twice a-day1 b !re is little d\bt t horses %\ld h access to wat] m frequ5tly1 be+1 l ourselves or any o!r animal1 liable f "s cause--"s slight d]angem5t ( ! /oma*1 = in/ance--to be m ?ir/y at "o "t ?an ano!r2 & x is a well-kn[n fact t1 :]e wat] is easily )9 rea*1 ^! creatures nev] take su* a quantity at a "t z to unfit !m = mod]ate "w at any mom5t4 ,if an arrangem5t = cont9ual access to wat] be n conv5i5t1 horses %\ld be wat]$ be=e e fe$1 or at lea/ ?rice a-day1 ! fir/ "t be+ 9 ! morn+1 an h\r be=e fe$+ 7:i* h\r w be employ$ 9 groom+ ! bea/72 & x may be obs]v$ t !re is no great] aid to increas+ _! disposition to put up fle%1 ?an giv+ !m z mu* wat] z !y l be=e & aft] e fe$4 ,a horse %\ld nev] be wat]$ :5 heat$1 or on ! eve ( any extraord9>y ex]tion4 ,animals t are liable to colic or gripes1 or are "u ! effect ( m$ic9es1 p>ticul>ly su* z act on ! alim5t>y canal1 & pr$ispose to ^? affections1 %\ld get wat] ) ! *ill (f4 ,wat]+ 9 ,public ,tr\ghs1 or places :]e e brute t travels ! road has access1 mu/ be /rictly avoid$4 ,gl&]s1 f>cy1 & o!r infecti\s diseases may be easily contract$ 9 ?is way4 ,,graz+4 ,! advantage ( graz+1 z a *ange = ! bett] 9 any1 & inde$ 9 e1 case :]e ! horse may be ?r[n out ( sorts by accid5t or disease1 becomes v que/ionable1 on acc\nt ( ! artificial /ate 9 :i* he mu/ h be5 kept1 to enable him to meet ! requirem5ts ( a ma/] ( ! pres5t day 9 "w4 ,if ! *ange be recomm5d$ to re/ore ! feet or legs1 ?is object may be atta9$1 & mu* bett]1 by keep+ ! creature 9 a loose-box )\t %oes1 on a floor cov]$ ) sawdu/ or tan1 kept damp z direct$ 7page #aj71 to c\nt]act :atev] slight inflammation may be 9 ! feet & legs1 or1 be/ ( all1 cov]$ ) peat-m\ld1 z ?is does n require to be damp$1 & ! animal c lie d[n on x2 besides1 ! prop]ties ( ! peat neutralise ! noxi\s ammonia1 & x does n consequ5tly require to be s (t5 r5ew$4 ,9 ! loose-box also he c take q z mu* ex]cise z is necess>y = an invalid int5d$ to be laid up1 & !re he c be suppli$ ) :atev] gra91 roots1 or succul5t food may be deem$ necess>y4 ,z = any o!r advantage to be d]iv$ f a run at grass1 unless = ! purpose ( us+ ! h]b z an alt]ative1 ,i nev] c\ld see x3 & ev5 ?is end1 unless ! horse has a paddock to himself1 c h>dly be ga9$2 = if !re are too _m bea/s = ! production ( ! gr\nd1 ! f>e mu/ be scanty1 & ea* animal half />v$4 ,! disadvantages ( *ang+ a horse to grass f ! artificial /ate ( condition are ! foll[+3-- #a4 ,t condition is sure to be lo/ 7at lea/ z f> z x is necess>y to fit = "w1 especially to g across c\ntry at a hunt+ pace1 ) safety to himself & 8 rid]71 & n to be rega9$ = a consid]able "t1 & at great co/4 #b4 ,! horse is exce$+ly liable to meet ) accid5t f ! playfulness or temp] ( 8 companions4 #c4 ,worms ( ! mo/ dang]\s & p]t9aci\s description are pick$ up n[h]e b at grass4 #d4 ,_m ailm5ts are contract$ f exposure & h>d%ip or bad fe$+2 & ow+ to ! animal be+ remov$ f "u imm$iate inspection1 su* ailm5ts ga9 gr\nd be=e !y are obs]v$4 ,moreov]1 at grass ! horse is m expos$ to contagi\s & epidemic diseases4 #e4 ,horses suff] great annoyance f flies 9 summ] "t1 n hav+ long tails l horn$ cattle to rea* e "p ( _! body2 & :]ev] any sup]ficial sore may be pres5t1 ! flies are sure to f9d x out4 ,z to ag$ animals1 x is %e] cruelty 7practis$ by "s ma/]s ) ! be/ int5tions & wor/ possible results7 to turn !m out to grass4 ,su* creatures h probably be5 accu/om$ 9 ! e>li] "p ( _! lives to w>m /ables1 _! food put "u _! noses1 good groom+1 & prop] c>e4 ,y might j z well turn out a g5tleman 9 8 old age among a tribe ( fri5dly savages1 unclad & un%elt]$1 to exi/ ^u :atev] roots & fruits he c\ld pick up1 z expose a highly-br$ & delicately-nurtur$ old horse to ! vicissitudes & h>d%ips ( a life at grass4 ,,tra9+4 ,,r>ey',s ,,sy/em4 ,! pr9ciple ( ?is sy/em is t ( ov]p[]+ ! horse t may 9 "s in/ances h ev5 become dang]\s & useless1 f hav+ le>n$ ! secret t 8 /r5g? gives him an advantage ov] 8 ma/]--man4 ,unconsci\sly depriv$ ( 8 p[] ( resi/ance1 8 c\rage vani%es2 ! _s :i* rose aga9/ all acc\ntable ef=ts to subdue x1 t w\ld scorn to yield to ov]weight1 pace1 "w1 or any o!r evid5ce ( man's p[]1 & :i* 9 ! well-disposition$ animal causes him to /ra9 e n]ve to meet :at is requir$ ( him r ?an succumb1 is by ,r>ey's sy/em subdu$ ?r\gh a ruse s effect$ t ! p[] :i* ov]:elms all ! creature's ef=ts at resi/ance appe>s to orig9ate & be id5tifi$ ) ! man :o c ?us1 = ! fir/ "t1 take lib]ties ) him1 :i* he has lo/ ! p[] ( res5t+2 & man !nce=w>d becomes 8 ma/]4 ,! me?od pursu$ by ,mr ,r>ey 9 subdu+ su* a vici\s & ungov]nable horse z ,cruis]1 is ?is3 ,plac+ himself "u a waggon lad5 ) hay1 to :i* ! animal is p>tly coax$1 p>tly l$ by guide-ropes1 & /eal+ 8 f+]s ?r\gh ! spokes ( ! waggon-:eel1 he raises & g5tly /raps up "o =e leg1 & fa/5s a long /rap r\nd ! fetlock ( ! o!r1 ! end ( :i* he holds 9 8 h& & *ecks :5 necess>y4 ,! bea/1 ?us unconsci\sly tamp]$ )1 is q dispos$ to res5t 9 8 usual /yle ! subsequ5t imp]t95t famili>ities ( 8 tam]2 b be+ by ! =ego+ precautions ca/ pro/rate on 8 fir/ attempt to move1 & f9d+ all 8 ef=ts to rega9 8 lib]ty & c>ry out reprisals abortive1 worn-out & hopeless1 he at l5g? yields himself helplessly to 8 victor's oblig+ att5tions1 ( sitt+ on him z he lies1 drumm+ & fiddl+ 9 8 e>s1 c41 & is !nce=w>d man's ob$i5t & tractable s]vant4 ,!re is no d\bt t ,mr ,r>ey's plan ( ?us ov]com+ ! unruly or vici\s bea/ by mild b effectual means1 is ! "r "o to ga9 ! po9t1 z f> z x goes2 b break+ him 9 to saddle or draught1 improv+ 8 paces1 or hav+ ability 9 rid+ or driv+ any horse judici\sly1 mu/ be consid]$ ano!r affair1 & only to be acquir$ ?r\gh m or less compet5t in/ruction1 & by practice comb9$ ) ta/e4 ,9 tra9+1 ! use ( a dumb jockey#i w be f\nd mo/ s]viceable to get ! head into prop] position1 & to b5d ! neck4 ,two h\rs a-day 9 ?is ge>1 :ile ! horse is ei!r loose 9 a box or fa/5$ to ! pill>-re9s if 9 a /all1 w n at all int]f]e ) 8 regul> tra9+1 ex]cise1 or "w1 & w mat]ially aid ! =m] result4 ,i greatly advocate ! use ( ! dumb jockey )\t spr+s1 ev5 ) =m$ horses1 :o1 be+ daily us$ to x1 ne$ no su* adjuncts z be>+-re9s1 b w ar* _! necks1 "w nicely on ! bit1 & exhibit an alt]$ %[ & /yle 9 action t is v admirable 9 a g5tleman's equipage4 ,%\ld my read] be mu* int]e/$ 9 break+-9 r\gh colts1 ,i recomm5d him to consult #8,/oneh5ge1' by ,j4 ,h4 ,wal%1 ,f4,r4,c4,s41 editor ( ! #8,field4' ,tra9+ = ,draught4--,be=e ! fir/ trial 9 ! break-c>riage1 give y\r horse f half-an-h\r to an h\r's quiet r++ 9 ! h>ness1 to :i* he %\ld h be5 previ\sly made accu/om$ by we>+ x = a c\ple ( h\rs ! two or ?ree prec$+ days4 ,! fir/ />t %\ld be 9 a regul> break1 or /rong b inexp5sive vehicle1 & /\t h>ness1 ) also sav+-coll>1 knee-caps1 & kick+-/rap--no be>+-re94 ,he %\ld be l$ by ropes or re9s 79 s+le h>ness on bo? sides ( ! head71 & tri$ on a level1 or r d[n ?an up a slight incl9ation4 ,! place select$ %\ld be "o :]e !re is pl5ty ( unoccupi$ roadway4 ,bett] beg9 9 d\ble h>ness1 & let ! break-horse ) :i* ! driv] is to />t ! c>riage be /rong & will+1 s z to pull away ! untri$ "o4 ,! ,neck usually suff]s dur+ ! fir/ few lessons 9 tra9+ to h>ness2 & until t "p ( x :]e ! coll> we>s becomes ?or\ghly h>d5$ by use1 x %\ld be ba!d ) a /rong solution ( salt & wat] be=e ! coll> is tak5 (f1 t !re may be no mi/ake ab\t its be+ done at once4 ,%\ld !re be ! lea/ abrasion ( ! sk91 d n use salt & wat]1 b a wa% ( #a scruple *loride ( z9c to #a p9t ( wat]1 dabb$ on ! sore e two or ?ree h\rs ) f9e l95 rag1 & give re/ f coll>-"w till heal$2 !n h>d5 ) salt & wat]2 & :5 ! scab has disappe>$1 & ! horse is fit = h>ness1 *amb] ! coll> ov] ! affect$ "p1 & employ = a :ile a sav+-coll>4 ,a sore neck w produce a jibb+ horse1 & !re=e requires to be closely att5d$ to 9 8 tra9+4 ,,ex]cis+4 ,x is desirable t a ma/] %\ld appo9t a p>ticul> place = ! ex]cis+ ( 8 horses1 c\pl$ ) /rict injunctions to 8 groom on no acc\nt to leave x4 ,no ma/] %\ld give 8 s]vants ! option ( go+ :]e !y please to ex]cise1 _! fav\rite resort be+ (t5 ! prec9cts ( a public-h\se1 ) a %>p gallop r\nd ! mo/ impracticable corn]s to make up ! "t4 ,an occasional visit ( ! ma/] to ! ex]cis+ gr\nd is a v salut>y *eck ^u su* proce$+s4 ,! be/ possible ex]cise = a horse is walk+--! sod or any s(t ela/ic surface be+ bett] ?an ! road = ! purpose2 & if ! latt] only is available1 use knee-caps z a safegu>d4 ,two h\rs' daily ex]cise 7if he gets x7 at a fa/ walk w be en\gh to keep a hack fit = 8 "w2 & x is usual ) "s exp]i5c$ field-horsem5 nev] to all[ _! hunt]s1 :5 once up to _! "w1 to get any b walk+ ex]cise = z mu* z f\r h\rs daily1 two h\rs at a "t--t is1 :5 !y desire to keep !m 8fit40 ,ladies' & eld]ly g5tlem5's horses ought mo/ p>ticul>ly to be ex]cis$1 & n ov]f$1 to keep !m tame & tractable1 & to gu>d aga9/ accid5ts4 ,! =ego+ directions ref] to ! prep>ations = ! ma/]'s "w1 & are :at ,i %\ld give my groom4 ,sweat+4--,9 case x is desirable to prep>e an animal = any extraord9>y ex]tion1 ! readie/1 safe/1 & mo/ judici\s means is by sweat+1 c>efully proce$$ )1 by us+ two or ?ree sets ( body-clo!s1 an empty /oma* be+ indisp5sable = ! process1 & a rid+-s*ool1 if available1 ! be/ place = ! necess>y ex]cise1--a sweat be+ ?us soon] obta9$ free f cold air1 & ! s(t foot+ ( su* a place sav+ ! j> on ! legs m ev5 ?an ! sod 9 ! field1 unless x happ5 to be v s(t4 ,sweat+ is a peculi>ly heal?y process = ei!r man or bea/2 & to judge ( ! b5efit d]iv$ by a horse ?r\gh t means1 f ! effect ( a heavy p]spiration ?r\gh ex]cise on "o's self1 !re seems little d\bt t x is v r5ew+ to ! physique4 ,r++ or ,l\nge+ ) a cavesson1 ?\gh n ord9>ily adopt$1 except by ! tra9]1 is nev]!less mo/ useful z a means ( ex]cise4 ,x is a v suitable mann] ( 8tak+ ! r\gh edge (f10 or br++ d[n ! sup]abundant spirits ( horses t h be5 conf9$ to ! /able = "s "t by wea!r or o!r simil> cause produc+ re/iv5ess1 & is peculi>ly adapt$ = ex]cis+ h>ness-horses :]e x may n be safe or exp$i5t to ride !m4 ,,"w4 ,! ma/] on ! road or 9 ! field us+ 8 be>] = conv5i5ce or pleasure1 w d him less injury 9 a day ?an a ?\ghtless ignorant s]vant w contrive to accompli% 9 an h\r :5 only requir$ to ex]cise ! bea/4 ,to ! advice already giv51 nev] to all[ y\r horses to be gallop$ or cant]$ on a h>d surface1 x is well to add1 refra9 f do+ s y\rself4 ,on ! ela/ic turf ^! paces d comp>atively little h>m2 b = ! road1 & inde$ all ord9>y usage1 except hunt+ or rac+1 ! trot or walk is ! prop] pace4 ,my impression co9cides ) t ( _m exp]i5c$ sportsm51 t "o mile ( a cant] on a h>d surface does m injury to ! frame & legs ( a horse1 ?an tw5ty miles' walk & trot3 = ?is reason1 t 9 ! act ( walk+ or trott+ ! (f =e & ne> h9d feet are on ! gr\nd at ! same mom5t alt]nately ) ! o!r two1 ?us divid+ ! pressure ( weight & propulsion on ! legs m ?an ev5 ambl+1 :i* is a lat]al motion2 :ile 9 any?+ approa*+ to ! cant] or gallop1 ! two =e feet & legs h at ! same mom5t to be> ! entire weight ( man & horse1 z well z ! j> ( ! act ( propulsion f beh9d4 ,ambl+ is a fav\rite pace ) ! ,am]icans1 ^: horses are tra9$ to x2 also ) ! ,ea/]ns4 ,x is1 z be=e m5tion$1 a lat]al motion1 mu* less injuri\s to ! we> & te> ( ! legs ?an ei!r cant] or gallop on ! h>d road1 ! (f =e & h9d be+ on ! gr\nd alt]nately ) ! ne> =e & h9d legs4 ,?\gh unsightly to an ,engli%man's eyes1 ?is pace is decid$ly ! easie/ ( all to ! rid]1 & may be accel]at$ f f\r to six or eight miles an h\r )\t ! lea/ inconv5i5ce4 ,"s ,am]ican horses are taught to excel 9 ?is pace1 s z to beat regul> trott]s4 ,by trott+ a horse y d him comp>atively little injury on ! road2 b obs]ve ! animal t has be5 con/antly ridd5 by ladies 7at wat]+-places & else:]e71 :o are s fond ( ! cant]3 he /&s ov]1 & is decid$ly %aky on 8 legs1 al?\gh ! weight on 8 back has be5 g5]ally light4 ,obs]ve1 on ! contr>y1 ! be>] ( ! exp]i5c$ horseman2 al?\gh ! weight he _h to c>ry may h be5 probably :at is call$ 8a welt]10 8 legs are "r en\gh4 ,! s(tness ( ! turf1 z fitt+ x = ! indulg5ce ( a gallop1 is indicat$ by ! dep? ( ! horse-tracks2 !re is n mu* impression left on a h>d road4 ,x %\ld be always borne 9 m9d t 8x is ! pace t kills10 & unless ! we> & te> ( horse-fle% be a matt] ( no consid]ation1 accord+ z ! pace is increas$ f t ( five or six miles p] h\r1 s %\ld ! di/ance = ! animal's day's "w be dim9i%$4 ,= in/ance1 if y require him to d sev5 miles 9 ! h\r daily1 t sev5 miles mu/ always be consid]$ z full "w = ! day2 if y purpose go+ eight miles p] h\r1 y\r horse %\ld only travel six miles daily at t rate2 if fa/] /ill1 five miles only %\ld be y\r be>]'s limit2 if at a t5-mile rate1 !n f\r miles2 or at a twelve-mile rate1 ?ree miles p] day4 ,b ( c\rse su* regulations apply to daily "w only1 z a horse is capable ( accompli%+ a great deal m )\t injury1 if only call$ ^u to d s occasionally4 ,a man may require to d a day's j\rney ( ?irty miles1 or a day's hunt+1 & su* "w be+ only occasional1 no h>m :atev] to ! animal ne$ result2 b ab\t eight or t5 miles a-day at an alt]nate walk or trot 7say six-miles-an-h\r pace7 is z mu* z any valuable animal ought to d if work$ regul>ly4 ,no horse ought to be hunt$ m ?an twice a-week at ! utmo/4 ,! "w ( horses1 especially :5 ridd51 ought to be s manag$ t ! latt] "p ( ! j\rney may be done 9 a walk1 s t !y may be br\ght 9 cool4 ,a horse 9 ! saddle is capable ( travell+ a hundr$ miles1 or ev5 m1 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 if requir$2 & if ! weight be light1 & ! rid] judici\s1 su* feats may be done occasionally )\t injury3 b if a j\rney ( a hundr$ miles be contemplat$1 x is bett] to take ?ree days = its p]=mance1 ea* day's j\rney ( ov] ?irty miles be+ divid$ into two equal portions1 & got ?r\gh e>ly 9 ! morn+ & late 9 ! aft]noon2 ! pace an alt]nate walk & trot at ! rate ( ab\t five miles an h\r1 to v>y x1 z cont9u\s walk+ = s long z a c\ple ( h\rs :5 travell+ on ! road1 may prove s tiresome t horses w\ld require wat*+ to keep !m on _! legs2 & x is good = bo? horse & man t ! latt] %\ld dism\nt & take ! :ole1 or ne>ly ! :ole1 ( ! walk+ "p on 8 own feet1 ?us n only reliev+ 8 be>] f ! cont9ual pressure ( ! rid]'s weight on ! saddle on 8 back1 b z a man :5 rid+ & walk+ br+s into play two completely di/9ct sets ( muscles1 he w1 ?\gh a little tir$ f walk+1 f9d himself on rem\nt+ positively refre%$ f t *ange ( ex]cise4 ,?is recomm5dation is equally applicable to ! hunt+-field at any *eck1 or :5 !re is ! lea/ opportunity4 ,s well is ! tru? ( ! above rem>k kn[n to ! mo/ exp]i5c$ horsem51 t "s ( !m1 /eeple*ase rid]s1 make x a practice be=e rid+ a sev]e race to walk rapidly f five to t5 miles to ! c\rse1 9 pref]5ce to mak+ use ( any ( ! _m vehicles always at _! disposal on su* occasions4 ,x is only surpris+ t ! exp$i5cy ( mak+ dragoons dism\nt & walk beside _! horses on a m>*1 at lea/ "p ( ! way1 = di/ances ( "o or two miles at a "t1 is n m app>5t to ^? 9 au?ority 7_m ( !m practical m571 9 ^: p[] x lies to make a regulation s v salut>y = bo? man & horse4 ,! m ! b5eficial effect ( su* an arrangem5t is consid]$1 ! m desirable x w\ld appe> to be1 especially 9 dry wea!r4 ,! great occasional relief to an ov]weight$ horse ( be+ dive/$ ( 8 rid] n[ & !n1 w\ld r s]ve ?an injure ! latt]1 on acc\nt ( ! v>iety ( ex]cise1 z be=e rem>k$1 :ile 8 h&l+ ( ! horse w\ld decid$ly be enliv5$ by ! *ange4 ,signals ( ,di/ress on increas$ pace4--,prom95tly may be m5tion$ a horse becom+ w9d$1 or1 z sportsm5 call x1 hav+ 8bell[s to m5d10 :i* 9 prop] h&s ought seldom to occur1 ev5 9 ! hunt+-field1 z !re are tok5s :i* prec$e x--su* z ! creature hang+ on 8 "w1 pok+ 8 head backw>ds & =w>ds1 describ+ a sort ( semicircle ) 8 nose1 gap+1 ! e>s lopp+1 c4 ,"s horsem5 are 9 ! habit ( giv+ ale or port] 7f a p9t to a qu>t ( ei!r7 to _! horses dur+ sev]e "w4 ,?is is n at all a bad plan1 if ! bea/ w take x2 & z _m ma/]s are fond ( pett+ _! animals ) biscuit or bread1 a piece ( ei!r be+ occasionally soak$ 9 "o ( ! above liquids :5 giv51 w accu/om ! creature s tra9$ to ! ta/e ( !m4 ,aft] ! "w is ov] a little well-made gruel is a great re/orative2 & :5 a long j\rney is complet$1 a bran-ma% might be giv51 z m5tion$ "u ! head ( 8,fe$+10 page #bb4 ,"o ( ! wor/ results to be dread$ f a horse go+ long j\rneys daily1 is fev] 9 ! feet 7page #acb71 :i* may be obviat$ by /opp+ ! =e feet directly !y are pick$ & wa%$ out at ! end ( ea* day's j\rney4--,see page #ac4 ,aft] a long j\rney1 x w\ld be desirable to h ! animal's =e %oes at lea/ remov$4 ,! saddle ought n to be tak5 (f = "s "t aft] "w2 ! long] x has be5 "u ! rid]1 & ! m sev]e ! "w1 ! long]1 comp>atively1 x %\ld rema9 on aft] use1 9 ord] to avoid t frightful result :i* is mo/ l to ensue f its be+ quickly remov$--viz41 sore back4 ,) cavalry1 saddles are left on = an h\r or m aft] ! return f a field-day or m>*4 ,a numna or absorb+ sweat-clo? "u ! saddle is 9 cases ( h>d or cont9u$ "w a great pres]vative aga9/ sore back4 ,:5 an extraord9>y day's "w has be5 done1 aft] ! horse is clean$ & f$ he %\ld be at once b$d$ d[n1 & left to re/ 9 quiet1 int]rupt$ only to be f$4 ,,bridl+4 ,e horseman be=e he m\nts %\ld obs]ve closely :e!r 8 horse is prop]ly saddl$ & bridl$4 ,bits mu/ be inv>iably ( wr\ght /eel1 & ! m\?piece 9 all bits %\ld fit ! horse's m\? exactly 9 its wid?3 ! bit t is made to fit a sixte5-h&s-high is surely too l>ge = a f\rte5-h& cob4 ,! bit ought to lie j above ! tusk 9 a horse's jaw1 & "o in* above ! la/ tee? ) a m>e4 ,x mu/ be adapt$ to ! m\? & temp] ( ! horse z well z to ! =mation ( 8 head & neck4 ,a rid+-ma/]1 or ! rid]1 if he has any judgm5t1 ought to be able to =m an op9ion z to ! mo/ suitable bit = an animal4#aj ,! ord9>y ,bridoon 7or ,d\ble bridle1 z x is call$ 9 ! ,nor?7 is be/ adapt$ to ! well-m\!d & temp]$ horse1 & is ! safe/ & be/ bridle = ei!r road or field4 ,unf9i%$ g5tlem5 z well z lady eque/rians1 :5 rid+ ) d\ble re9s to ! bits1 are recomm5d$ to tie ! curb-bit re9 ev5ly 9 a knot on ! horse's neck 7hold+ only ! bridoon-re9 9 ! h&71 provid$ 8 temp] & m\? be suitable to a snaffle4 ,?is is a practice pursu$ by "s ev5 good & exp]i5c$ horsem5 :]e ! temp] ( a horse is high1 9 ord] to h ! curb-bit to rely ^u 9 case he %\ld happ5 to pull too h>d on ! bridoon or snaffle1 :i* o!rwise w\ld be q suffici5t & be/ to use alone4 ,! ,curb-*a91 :5 us$1 %\ld be /rong & tight2 x %\ld inv>iably be support$ by a lip-/rap1 an adjunct t is really mo/ ess5tial1 b :i* grooms practically ignore by los+4 ,! object ( ! lip-/rap is to prev5t ! curb1 if r loose1 f fall+ ov] ! lip1 ?us p]mitt+ ! horse to get hold ( x 9 8 m\? & g :]e he pleases2 x also gu>ds aga9/ a trick "s bea/s are v clev] at1 ( cat*+ ! *eek or leg ( ! bit 9 _! tee?1 & mak+ (f 9 spite ( ! ef=ts ( any rid]4 ,if ! curb be tight1 ! lip-/rap is equally useful 9 keep+ x horizontally1 & prev5t+ its droop+ to too great a pressure1 ?us caus+ abrasion ( ! animal's jaw4 ,! curb ought to be pretty tight1 suffici5tly s to admit "o f+] betwe5 x & ! jaw-bone4 ,! ,snaffle ) a f9e-m\!d horse is well adapt$ = ! field--! only place :]e ,i w\ld ev] disp5se altoge!r ) ! curb-bit1 & !n only 9 fav\r ( a f9e-m\!d well-temp]$ bea/ dispos$ to g coolly at 8 f5ces4 ,on ! road a horse may put 8 foot ^u a /one 9 a jog-trot1 or come ^u "s irregul>ity2 & unless ! rid] has some?+ m ?an a snaffle 9 8 h&1 he is exce$+ly likely to suff] = x4 ,_m a horse t is l a foot-ball 9 ! field1 full ( life & ela/icity1 & nev] mak+ a mi/ake1 w on ! road require con/ant wat*+ to prev5t 8 tumbl+ on 8 nose4#aa ,at ! same "t1 a horse %\ld by no means be enc\rag$ to lean on ! bit or on ! rid]'s support1 :i* mo/ ( !m w be f\nd q ready to d2 a disposition 9 t direction mu/ be *eck$ by mildly feel+ 8 m\? 7) ! bit71 press+ y\r legs aga9/ 8 sides1 & enliv5+ him g5tly ) ! :ip or spur4 ,! ,m>t+al4--,! /&+ or head m>t+al is a h&some equipm5t--safe & s]viceable ) a bea/ t is incorrigible ab\t gett+ 8 head up1 b %\ld be us$ 9 ! /reet or on ! road only4 ,! ,r+-,m>t+al is int5d$ solely = ! field ) a horse ^: head _c be kept d[n2 b x requires to be us$ ) nice judgm5t1 & h&l+ ( ! second or sep>ate re91 :i* %\ld pass ?r\gh x1 especially :5 ! animal is 9 or ne> ! act ( tak+ 8 f5ces1 :51 ) "s horses1 comp>ative fre$om may be all[$ to ! head1 :i* %\ld1 h[ev]1 be br\ght d[n to its prop] place directly he is safely l&$ on 8 legs aga9 by ! use ( ?is second m>t+al-re91 :i* is atta*$ to ! bridoon bit4 ,n4,b4--,if ?is second re9 be atta*$ to ! snaffle by buckles 7& n /it*$ on z x ought to be71 ! buckles ( ! re9 %\ld be def5d$ f gett+ into ! r+s ( ! m>t+al by pieces ( lea!r l>g] ?an ^? r+s4 ,mo/ s]i\s accid5ts h occurr$ f ! abs5ce ( ?is precaution3 ! buckle becom+ caught 9 ! r+1 ! horse's head is fix$ 9 "o position1 & n kn[+ :]e he is go+1 he proce$s1 probably )\t any control f ! rid]1 till bo? come to "s s]i\s mi%ap4 ,! re9 /it*$ to ! r+ ( ! bit is ! safe/4 ,! ,runn+-,re91 or o!r plan ( m>t+al 7f ! ,d 9 front ( ! saddle above ! rid]'s knee ?r\gh ! r+ ( ! snaffle to 8 h&71 %\ld only be us$ by ! rid+-ma/] or ^? compet5t to avail !mselves ( its assi/ance 9 =m+ ! m\? ( a tr\blesome or untra9$ animal4 ,"s exp]i5c$ horsem51 h[ev]1 :5 !y f9d !y _c keep ! nose 9 or head d[n ) ord9>y bits1 in/ead ( us+ a m>t+al ( any d5om9ation1 employ 7especially 9 ! field7 ) good effect a r+1 keep+ ! bridoon or snaffle-re9s "u ! b5d ( ! neck2 or a bett] contrivance is a bit ( /iff lea!r ?ree or f\r in*es long1 ) two ,d's or /aples = ! re9s to pass ?r\gh on ea* side4 ,! ,*ifney ,bit is ! mo/ suitable = ladies' use1 or = timid or invalid rid]s3 x at once br+s up a h>d-pull+ horse1 b requires v g5tle h&l+4 ,i h kn[n m ?an "o horse to be q unmanageable 9 any b a ,*ifney bit4 ,! m sev]e bits are ^? t h ! longe/ legs or *eeks1 giv+ ! greate/ lev]age aga9/ ! curb4 ,by ! addition ( deep ports on ! m\?piece ( ! bit mu* sev]ity is atta9$ 7especially :5 ! port is con/ruct$ turn$ d[nw>ds1 9 place ( ! usual practice ( mak+ x upw>ds71 :i* c be increas$ to ! utmo/ by ! addition ( a tight noseb& to prev5t ! horse f eas+ ! port by movem5t ( 8 tongue or jaws4 ,x is almo/ ne$less to obs]ve1 t ! rev]se ( ! above w be ! milde/ bits = t5d]-m\!d1 easy-go+ horses4 ,twi/$ ,m\?pieces are happily n[ almo/ out ( fa%ion1 & ought to be entirely disc\nt5anc$2 _! orig9al int5tion 0 to comm& h>d-m\!d horses1 ^: m\?s _! use c only r5d] h>d]4 ,! ,noseb&1 if tight5$1 w\ld be f\nd v useful ) _m a h>d-pull+ horse 9 ! excitem5t ( hunt+1 :5 ! bit1 :i* w\ld o!rwise require to be us$1 w\ld only irritate ! pull]1 cause him to g m wildly1 & make matt]s worse4 ,i h kn[n "s pull]s to be m "u control 9 ! hunt+-field ) a pretty tight noseb& & a snaffle ?an ) ! mo/ sev]e curb-bit4 ,! ,?roat-la% is almo/ always too tight4 ,grooms are mu* 9 ! habit ( mak+ ?is mi/ake1 by means ( :i*1 :5 ! head is b5t by a sev]e bit1 ! ?roat is compress$ & ! respiration imp$$1 besides occasion+ an ugly appe>ance 9 ! cap>ison4 ,x may be rem>k$ also t1 if n correct$1 s]vants are apt to leave ! ends ( ! bridle head-/all /raps dangl+ at l5g? out ( ! loops1 :i* is v unsightly3 ! ends ( ! /raps %\ld be ins]t$ 9 ^! loops1 :i* %\ld be suffici5tly tight to reta9 !m4 ,,saddl+4 ,a ,saddle %\ld be made to fit ! horse = :i* x is int5d$1 & requires z mu* v>iation 9 %ape1 especially 9 ! /uff+1 z !re is v>iety 9 ! %apes ( horses' backs4#ab ,an animal may be fairly %ap$ 9 ! back1 & yet a saddle t fits ano!r horse w always g out on ?is "o's )]s4 ,! saddle hav+ be5 made to fit y\r horse1 let x be plac$ g5tly ^u him1 & %ift$ till its prop] b]? be f\nd4 ,:5 9 its "r place1 ! action ( ! upp] "p ( ! %\ld]-blade %\ld be q free f any conf9em5t or pressure by :at saddl]s call ! 8gullet0 ( ! saddle "u ! pommel :5 ! animal is 9 motion4 ,x /&s to reason t any int]f]5ce ) ! action ( ! %\ld]-blade mu/1 aft] a "t1 indirectly if n directly1 cause a horse to falt] 9 8 movem5t4 ,n4,b4--,a horse left 9 ! /able ) 8 saddle on1 ) or )\t a bridle1 ought always to h 8 head fa/5$ up1 to prev5t 8 ly+ d[n on ! saddle & injur+ x4 ,gir?s4--,:5 gir?+ a horse1 :i* is always done ^u ! ne> or left-h& side1 ! gir? %\ld be fir/ drawn tightly t[>ds y "u ! belly ( ! horse1 s z to br+ ! saddle r to ! (f side on ! back ( ! bea/4 ,?is is seldom done by grooms2 & ?\gh a g5tleman is n suppos$ to gir? 8 horse1 in=mation on ?is z well z on o!r po9ts may happ5 to be ( ess5tial s]vice to him2 = ! consequ5ce ( ! att5dant's usual me?od is1 t :5 ! gir?s are tight5$ up1 ! saddle1 in/ead ( be+ 9 ! c5tre ( ! horse's back1 is incl9$ to ! ne> or left-h& side1 to :i* x is /ill f>!r drawn by ! act ( m\nt+1 s t :5 a man has m\nt$ he fancies t "o /irrup is long] ?an ! o!r--! ne>-side /irrup inv>iably ! longe/4 ,to rem$y ?is he =ces d[n 8 foot 9 ! "r /irrup1 :i* br+s ! saddle to ! c5tre ( ! animal's back4 ,all ?is w\ld be obviat$ by c>e be+ tak51 9 ! process ( gir?+1 to place ! left h& on ! middle ( ! saddle1 draw+ ! fir/ or "u gir? ) ! "r h& till ! gir?-hold] rea*es ! buckle1 ! left h& be+ !n dis5gag$ to assi/ 9 brac+ up ! gir?4 ,! out] gir? mu/ g ?r\gh ! same process1 be+ drawn "u ! belly ( ! horse f ! (f side tightly be=e x is atta*$ to ! gir?-hold]4 ,) ladies' saddles mo/ p>ticul> att5tion %\ld be paid to ! gir?+4 7,x mu/ be obs]v$ t1 ) "s horses hav+ ! knack ( swell+ !mselves out dur+ ! process ( gir?+1 ! gir?s may be tight5$ be=e leav+ ! /able s z to appe> almo/ too tight1 b :i*1 :5 ! horse has be5 walk$ ab\t = t5 m9utes1 w seem comp>atively loose1 & q s :5 ! rid]'s weight is plac$ 9 ! saddle47 ,/irrup-,irons %\ld inv>iably be ( wr\ght /eel4 ,a man %\ld nev] be induc$ kn[+ly to ride 9 a ca/-metal /irrup1 any m ?an he ought to attempt to d s ) a ca/-metal bit4 ,/irrup-irons %\ld be select$ to suit ! size ( ! rid]'s foot2 ^? ) two or ?ree n>r[ b>s at ! bottom are decid$ly pref]able1 = ! simple reason1 t 9 cold wea!r x is a tax on a man's endurance to h a s+le broad b> l an icicle 9 ! ball ( 8 foot1 & 9 wet wea!r a simil> argum5t may apply z reg>ds damp2 besides1 ) ! d\ble b>1 ! foot has a bett] hold 9 ! /irrup1 ! r+s be+1 ( c\rse1 ind5t$ 7rasp-l71 z !y usually are1 to prev5t ! foot f slipp+ 9 !m4 ,?is description ( /irrup1 ) an in/ep-pad1 is pref]able = ladies to ! slipp]1 :i* is decid$ly obsolete4 ,lat*=d's#ac ladies' pat5t safety /irrup seems to comb9e e precaution = ! security ( fair eque/rians4 ,a balance-/rap to a side-saddle is v desirable1 & 9 g5]al use4 ,:]e exp5se is no object1 /irrups t op5 at ! side ) a spr+ are1 no d\bt1 ! safe/ = g5tlem5 9 case ( any accid5t4 ,) reg>d to ,/irrup-,lea!rs1 saddl]s g5]ally turn ! "r or dress$ side out = appe>ance2 b z ! dress+ causes a tightness on t side ( ! lea!r1 ! undress$ side1 :i* admits ( m expansion1 %\ld be outside--because1 aft] a little we>1 ! lea!r is susceptible ( cracks1 & ! already ext5d$ side w crack ! soone/4 ,! lea!r w break 9 ! mo/ insidi\s place1 ei!r 9 ! ,d "u ! /irrup-iron1 :]e no "o b ! s]vant :o cleans x c see x2 or else1 p]haps1 :]e ! buckle we>s x "u ! flap ( ! saddle4 ,/irrup-lea!rs brok5 9 ?is mann] h caus$ _m accid5ts4 ,inv>iably adju/ y\r /irrup-lea!rs be=e m\nt+4 ,to measure ! l5g? ( ! /irrup-lea!rs ( a new saddle1 place ! f+]s ( ! "r h& aga9/ ! b> to :i* ! lea!rs are atta*$1 &1 measur+ f ! bottom b> ( ! /irrup up to ! armpit1 make ! l5g? ( ! lea!rs & /irrups equal to ! l5g? ( y\r arm1 f ! tips ( ! f+]s to ! armpit4 ,be=e ent]+ ! field1 9 hunt+ or cross+ c\ntry1 draw up ! lea!rs two or ?ree holes %ort] on ea* side2 & :5 />t+ on a long j\rney x is z well to d ! same1 to ease bo? y\rself & y\r be>]4 ,clump$-sol$ ,boots occasion accid5ts4 ,if1 9 case ( y\rself or y\r horse fall+1 ! foot cat* 9 ! /irrup1 a boot ) su* a sole may prev5t its release4 ,! ,crupp]1 ?\gh n[ obsolete = saddles1 except 9 milit>y cap>ison1 w\ld be decid$ly b5eficial 9 keep+ ! saddle 9 its prop] place on long j\rneys1 especially :]e1 f ! %ape ( ! animal1 ! saddle w come too mu* =w>d1 int]f]+ ) ! action ( ! %\ld]s1 & ?r[+ ! weight ( ! burd5 unduly on ! =e-qu>t]s1 ?us increas+ ! odds 9 fav\r ( a tir$ bea/ mak+ an irretrievable /umble4 ,! dock ( ! crupp] %\ld be se5 to t x is s(t1 & free f cru/$ sweat & d&riff1 :i* w\ld naturally cause irritation & abrasion ( ! tail4 ,x %\ld be always kept well greas$ ready = use4#ad ,! ,milit>y ,crupp]1 accord+ to ! rules ( ! s]vice1 %\ld be s loose betwe5 cantel & dock z to admit ( a man's h& be+ turn$ ) ease betwe5 ! horse's back & ! /rap4 ,if ! crupp] be int5d$ m]ely = ornam5t1 su* a regulation has h>dly any mean+1 = x _c be consid]$ ornam5tal to see an app>5tly useless piece ( lea!r dangl+ at "o side ov] a horse's hip2 & if ! int5tion be to make x useful1 to keep ! saddle f go+ too f> =w>d on ill-=m$ horses1#ae or 9 case ( /rong ex]tion1 x is obvi\s t a loose /rap 7accord+ to ord]s7 c\ld h>dly s]ve any su* purpose4 ,if ! crupp] be = use1 x w\ld appe> t aft] ! saddle is plac$ 9 its prop] position on ! animal's back 7! crupp] be+ left at its full l5g? = ?is purpose71 & previ\s to gir?+1 x %\ld be %ort5$ s z to reta9 ! saddle 9 t place "u any circum/ances1--n1 h[ev]1 t ! crupp] %\ld be s tight5$ z to inconv5i5ce ! bea/1 & half cut 8 tail (f2 x w be tight en\gh to s]ve its purpose if "o or two f+]s c be easily turn$ "u ! /rap4 ,! ,brea/plate may be necess>y 9 hunt+ or /eeple*as+ ) horses t are light beh9d ! gir?1 or :at is vulg>ly call$ 8h]r+-gutt$10 & is us$ to prev5t ! saddle f gett+ too f> back1 or1 z ! grooms say1 ! horse 8runn+ ?r\gh 8 gir?s40 ,animals tra9$ to su* try+ "w z /eeple*as+1 or ev5 hunt+1 w become mu* small] 9 ! c>cass ?an a troop] or an ord9>y g5tleman's hack4 ,) dragoons ?is "p ( ! equipm5t is g5]ally ill-adju/$1 z if to correspond ) ! ineffici5t arrangem5t ( ! crupp]1 ! brea/-/raps be+ (t5 too tight4 ,frequ5tly1 dur+ manuvr+ 9 ! field or ! rid+-s*ool1 ,i h se5 brea/-/raps bur/ 9 consequ5ce ( _! tightness2 & inde$ x /&s to reason !y c ?us b int]f]e ) a horse's action 9 leap+ or mak+ m ?an ord9>y ex]tion4 ,_! tightness n only r5d]s discomfiture imm95t1 b mu/ drag ! saddle =w>d out ( its place4 ,altoge!r x might be desirable t comm&+ (fic]s ( "s cavalry regim5ts w\ld /udy ! pose on horseback ( ,m>o*etti's sculptur$ dragoons1 or ^? ( o!r em95t arti/s4 ,! result w\ld probably be a m>k$ improvem5t 9 ! position ( ! saddle1 &1 consequ5tly1 9 ! g5]al c\p d'il ( our cavalry1 :o1 h[ev]1 not)/&+ su* m9or defects1 h always ma9ta9$ _! sup]iority 9 horseman%ip1 z well z 9 effici5cy1 ov] any o!r cavalry 9 ! _w4 ,,rid+4 ,! seat1 me?od ( hold+ ! h&s1 c41 %\ld be left to ! rid+-ma/]1#af ) a fri5dly admonition to ! le>n] to avoid ! 8/uck-up10 "o-h&$ pr9ciple to a great ext5t1 & to take a lesson :5ev] opportunity occurs f "o ( ! 8great untaught10#ag &1 obs]v+ _! ease & judgm5t 9 ! managem5t ( _! be>]s1 endeav\r to modify _! own horseman%ip accord+ly4 ,k9dness goes f> 9 manag+ ^! noble animals4 ,h[ is x t _m horses t are unmanageable ) p[]ful & good horsem51 c be ridd5 ) p]fect ease & safety by ladies8 ,! fir/ ?+ a lady g5]ally does aft] m\nt+1 is to reassure h] /e$ by patt+1 or1 9 rid+-s*ool language1 8mak+ mu* ( him10 tak+ up ! re9s ) a v light h&1 & giv+ him 8 head2 :]eas a man usually does ! v rev]se2 he takes a comm&+ hold ( ! re9s1 presses 8 legs into ! horse z ! signal = motion1 p]haps ) a rasp ( bo? spurs into 8 sides1 indicat+ no great amiability ( temp]--a /ate ( ?+s v likely to be reciprocat$ by a high-spirit$ horse4 ,z be=e obs]v$1 e man ought himself to be able to judge :e!r 8 horse is prop]ly saddl$ & bridl$4 ,i mu/ /ill inveigh aga9/ misplacem5t ( ! saddle1 :i* grooms1 x w be rem>k$1 usually place too f> =w>d--a mi/ake :i* is ( m consequ5ce ?an is g5]ally consid]$4 ,take a dragoon1 = in/ance1 weigh+1 ) arms1 acc\trem5ts1 & kit1 f fifte5 to tw5ty /one2 ?is weight1 if all[$ to fall unduly on ! =e qu>t]1 mu/ help to f\nd] ! *>g]1 & br+ him into tr\ble on ! fir/ provocation4 ,let him make ! lea/ /umble1 & ! weight ( 8 burd51 in/ead ( be+ back 9 its prop] place1 ) ! man's assi/ance !re to help him up1 is ?r[n =w>d1 keep+ ! bea/ ti$ d[n1 & prev5t+ 8 ris+4 ,b1 tak+ appe>ances into consid]ation1 ! =w>d placem5t ( ! saddle is mo/ ungraceful1 rem9d+ "o ( ! position ( an ,ea/]n driv+ an elephant1 seat$ on 8 be>]'s neck4 ,i h se5 ! t\t ensemble ( a magnific5t cavalry regim5t /rik+ly det]iorat$ by ! ungraceful & absolutely unhorsemanlike misplacem5t ( ! saddles1 & consequ5tly ( ! m5--?\gh ! milit>y regulation on ! subject is fair en\gh1 direct+ a saddle to be plac$ a h&bread? beh9d ! play ( ! %\ld]4 ,?is w\ld1 p]haps1 be a slight excess 9 ! o!r direction1 7 x n consid]$ t1 9 all probability1 out ( a hundr$ troop-horses s saddl$1 n9ety-n9e w\ld be f\nd aft] an h\r's trott+ to h %ift$ ! saddle =w>d1 = "o on :om x w\ld h rema9$ /ation>y or gone back4 ,x is well kn[n t no rid] %\ld ev] g fa/ d[n-hill on ! road1 or r\nd a corn]1 especially on pavem5t2 b 9 ! field1 hunt+ or rac+1 d[n-hill is ! place to make play4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( an att5dant to hold = m\nt+1 "s horses are all[$ to contract a habit t is liable to cause accid5ts1 ( />t+ be=e ! rid] is com=tably seat$ 9 ! saddle4 ,prev5t ?is bad fa%ion by ga!r+ ! snaffle-re9 7n ! curb7 tightly up be=e m\nt+1 & :5 across ! saddle1 & be=e ! "r leg is 9 ! /irrup1 *eck any ef=t to move (f4 ,:5 a horse is al>m$1 no?+ s effectually reassures him z speak+ to him4 ,i h myself exp]i5c$ ! efficacy ( g5tly us+ my voice on two or ?ree occasions1 :5 ,i admit hav+ be5 run away ) = a %ort "t4 ,?\gh a horse ought nev] to be all[$ to h 8 own way1 8 rid] %\ld try e means be=e resort+ to actual puni%m5t or fight1 :i* may be sometimes unavoidable z ! only *ance ( conque/4 ,an animal requir+ su* treatm5t %\ld be h&$ ov] to ! r\gh-rid] = subsequ5t tea*+1 if n dispos$ ( = m suitable employm5t ?an t ( a g5tleman's horse4 ,y\r be>] %\ld n be all[$ to keep a p]petual lean ^u y\r h&1 m p>ticul>ly :5 walk+4 ,%\ld he /umble :ile ?us lean+1 he is n likely to recov] himself1 b w fall helplessly on 8 knees4 ,keep him z self-dep5d5t z possible1 ?\gh n ) a re9 s slack z to leave him to himself altoge!r4 ,x is ! bus9ess or amusem5t ( ! rid] to be on ! al]t = all casualties4#ah ,to make a horse *ange 8 foot 9 cant]1 if y f9d x difficult to d s by m]ely us+ h& & leg1 turn him z if to circle t[>ds t side t y require ! foot to lead--he w use ! foot =w>d t y wi% 9 ord] to prop himself 9 turn+4 ,?us1 if y circle r\nd to ! "r1 he w lead ) ! (f =e foot2 & if y turn to ! left1 ! ne> =e w be advanc$4 ,9 us+ a curb1 ! rid] %\ld rememb] t if x is prop]ly plac$1 ) a fair lev]age1 r\gh-h&l+ ( ! l[] or bit re9 may drive a f9e-temp]$ animal into a /ate ( great irritation1 or ev5 prove an inc5tive to re>+2#ai & directly any?+ l ?is effect seems to be produc$1 t re9 %\ld be eas$1 & ! bridoon-re9 borne up4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rid+ ,,at ,,x ,9 f5c+1 ! snaffle or bridoon bit & re9 only ought to be us$2 ?is ! rid] %\ld p>ticul>ly be> 9 m9d4 ,a rid] ) a hold ( ! curb-re9 9 f5c+1 gett+ ! lea/ out ( 8 equilibrium1 or giv+ an involunt>y *eck to ! curb1 may put any well-m\!d animal entirely out ( 8 own way1 prev5t+ 8 jump+ safely & confid5tly1 & probably caus+ accid5ts4 ,"o ( sev]al reasons :y ! ,iri% horses excel 9 f5c+ is1 t x is v mu* ! cu/om 9 t c\ntry to use snaffles 9 cross-c\ntry rid+4 ,! curb-re9 may be tak5 up1 if necess>y1 aft] ! jump is ov]4 7,"s horses1 h[ev]1 are su* viol5t pull]s1 t1 9 ! full tilt ( go+ to h\nds1 :]e ! c\ntry is close & f5c+ frequ5t1 x is almo/ impossible to avoid us+ ! curb-re9 occasionally 9 ! act ( jump+47 ,:ile t\*+ on cross-c\ntry rid+1 x may be obs]v$ t _m m5 :o ought to "k bett]1 (t5 make a s]i\s mi/ake 9 n leav+ hunt]s m to !mselves ?an !y d :5 go+ at & tak+ _! f5ces4 ,horses v>y 9 _! mode ( progression2 & :e!r ! gait be sl[ or fa/1 any?+ ( a tra9$ animal1 :5 int]f]$ ) "u ^! circum/ances1 w be put out ( 8 own way 7:i* is g5]ally be/ suit$ to 8 peculi> temp] or ability71 9 plac+ 8 legs advantage\sly to make 8 jump ) safety4#bj ,let y\r horse1 if he is any?+ ( a f5c]1 *oose 8 own way & pace to take 8 jumps4 ,9 rid+ to h\nds1 if practicable1 x is well to avoid newly made or repair$ dit*es or f5ces2 y\r /e$ is apt to enc\nt] su* ) diffid5ce2 he does n take ! jump ) ! same w1 fe>s !re's 8some?+ up10 & f want ( confid5ce may v possibly make a mi/ake4 ,x w\ld be well1 = cross-c\ntry horsem5 m especially1 to be> 9 m9d ,sir ,francis ,head's obs]vation1 z appli$ to rid]s z well z horses1 t 8! belly lifts ! legs20 mean+1 ,i take x1 t if man or horse is out ( tone f d]angem5t ( ! /oma* or g5]al debility1 he _c be up to ! m>k or fit = any physical ex]tion4 ,x is well kn[n to /eeple*ase rid]s & m5 :o ride /raight to h\nds1 t occasionally1 9 consequ5ce ( in]tion1 indulg5ce1 or dissipation1 hav+ d]ang$ ! /oma* or n]v\s sy/em1 a rid] w be done up be=e 8 /e$1 :o1 oppress$ ) a comp>atively dead weight knock+ ab\t on 8 back1 w himself foll[ suit f want ( be+ held toge!r1 & probably come a bur/] at "s jump be=e ! f9i%4 ,to a practical horseman ! act ( /&+ 9 ! /irrups w sugge/ itself z a matt] ( exp$i5cy to ease himself1 :5 ! horse is pull+ h>d at or ne> 8 full gallop+ pace4 ,! great advantage ( a rid] eas+ 8 be>] by walk+ up-hill is treat$ ( "u ! head ( 8,"w10 page #cf4 ,:5 a rid] f9ds 8 horse go+ t5d] or lame1 he ought imm$iately to dism\nt & exam9e 8 feet4 ,if a /one has become b$d$ betwe5 ! clefts ( ! frog1 or got betwe5 %oe & sole1 & a pick] does n happ5 to be at h&1 a suitable /one %\ld be s\ght :]e) to dislodge ! "o 9 ! foot4 ,if no /one 9 ! foot c be discov]$ z caus+ ! lam5ess1 clos] exam9ation mu/ be made 9 se>* ( a nail1 a piece ( iron or r\gh glass1 or o!r damage to ! sole4 ,if no app>5t means ( relief pres5t itself1 ! soon] ! bea/ is l$ to ! ne>e/ place :]e a prop] exam9ation ( ! foot c take place ! bett]4#ba ,= ! am\nt ( "w a horse c d1 see rem>ks on t subject1 "u ! head ( 8,"w10 page #ce2 & to avoid brok5 knees1 see h9ts on t subject1 pages #ea & #ada4 ,m\nt+ ( ,lady 9 ,side-,saddle4--,! m\nt]1 be+ z close z possible to ! animal1 %\ld place 8 "r h& on 8 "r knee1 & 9 x receive ! lady's left foot4 ,:5 %e spr+s %e %\ld /raight5 h] left knee1 at ! same "t hav+ 9 h] "r h& ! re9s1 ) a fa/ hold ( ! middle crut*1 & h] left h& on ! m\nt]'s %\ld] to help h] to spr+ up4 ,,h>ness+4 ,! ,g5]al ,m\nt+1 :e!r ( brass or silv]-plat$ 7to correspond ) ! m\nt+s ( ! c>riage71 or ) lea!r-cov]$ buckles1 is all a matt] ( ta/e2 ! lea!r be+1 h[ev]1 ! lea/ durable4 ,a ,dry ,h>ness-,room is indisp5sable1 9 :i* !re %\ld be %all[ presses ) pegs1 b no %elves2 o!rwise1 cov]+s %\ld be provid$ = h>ness & saddles to pres]ve !m f fly+ du/4 ,/yle4--,9 pair+ horses = draught1 if "o be r l>g] ?an ! o!r1 ! l>g] %\ld be plac$ on ! ne> or left side1 z ! left-h& side ( ! road be+ t on :i* vehicles travel1 ! ne>-side horse w g5]ally be go+ an in* or m l[] ?an ! (f-side "o1 & ! diff]5ce ( size 9 ! pair w be less p]ceptible4 ,if ! animals are ( an ev5 size1 & "o be m lazy ?an ! o!r1 t "o %\ld be plac$ at ! (f side1 be+ ?us m conv5i5tly situat$ to receive g5tle rem9d]s f ! :ip )\t obs]vation4 ,if "o ( ! pair w c>ry 8 head high] ?an ! o!r1 8 c\pl+-re9#bb %\ld run "u t ( ! animal t leans 8 head ! mo/1 s z to br+ _! heads z mu* on a level z possible4 ,an ivory r+1 to run ! c\pl+-re9s ?r\gh1 looks & acts well4 ,bo? manes %\ld be tra9$ to fl[ ei!r 9 or out f ! pole2 ! latt] way is probably pref]able4 ,horses left to /& h>ness$ 9 ! /able %\ld be turn$ r\nd 9 ! /alls & fa/5$ ) ! ,t's ( two pill>-re9s pass$ ?r\gh ! r+s ( ! bridoon ( bit4 ,%\ld !re be no pill>-re9s 9 pairs belong+ to ! /]n-po/s ( ea* /all1 tie ! horses' heads up ) ! rack-re91 s z to prev5t _! ly+ d[n 9 ! h>ness4 ,z a maxim1 nev] leave a bridle on 9 ! /able1 unless 9 ! case :]e ! head c be su/a9$ by a pair ( pill>-re9s f ! /]n-po/s4 ,mo/ s]i\s accid5ts h occurr$ ?r\gh neglect ( ?is rule4 ,9 ,yok+ or 8putt+ to10 ! %afts ( a vehicle mu/ nev] be left on ! gr\nd :ile ! horse is be+ back$ into !m4 ,if ! %afts t\* him he w probably kick1 or he may injure by /&+ on !m4 ,9 d\ble h>ness1 especially ) spirit$ animals1 to prev5t ! dang] ( _! back+1 & be+ induc$ to kick by com+ 9 contact ) ! spl9t]-b> :5 putt+ to1 fir/ conf9e !m to ! po9t ( ! pole by ! pole *a9s or lea!rs1 s l5g!n$ z to enable ! traces to be atta*$ 7! out] ones fir/7 to ! c>riage2 :i* done1 tight5 ! *a9s or lea!rs to _! work+ l5g?4 ,accid5ts may ?us be av]t$4 ,f ! mom5t horses are 8put to0 _! draught1 until !y are driv5 (f1 "s "o %\ld /& be=e _! heads1 :e!r !y be 9 s+le1 pair1 or f\r-horse h>ness4 ,traces4--,great c>e %\ld be tak5 9 adju/+ ^! to prove t !y are ( an ev5 l5g?1 z ! lea/ deviation 9 equality is liable1 by pressure on "o side1 to produce a sore on ! neck1 "u ! coll> ( ! horse t happ5s to be on ! side ( ! %orte/ trace4--,see 8,jibb+10 page #hg4 ,! buckles ( all traces & back-b&s ought to be provid$ ) deta*$ pieces ( lea!r cut squ>e ! wid? ( ^? /raps1 & plac$ "u ! buckles ! tongues ( :i* pass ?r\gh ^! bits ( lea!r2 ! /raps1 ?us protect$ f be+ cut by ! buckles1 w we> ne>ly ?rice z long z o!rwise1 & !re is no?+ unsightly 9 ! arrangem5t4 ,9 all cases draught-horses %\ld be plac$ close to _! "w--i4e41 ! traces %\ld meet z %ort z w j all[ ( ! animals go+ d[n an incl9ation at a brisk pace )\t com+ 9 contact ) ! c>riage2 ! brit*+ = s+le1 & ! pole-*a9s = d\ble h>ness1 be+ tight5$ 9 proportion1 to keep ! c>riage f runn+ on !m d[n-hill4 ,= ,pole-,*a9s & ,sw++-,b>s1 see page #gc4 ,! ,hames4--,9 ord] to divide ! draught or pressure ( ! traces on ! %\ld]s a little1 ! hames might be furni%$ ) scroll draught eyes2 ?is1 h[ev]1 has become unfa%ionable f be+ mu* us$ by cabm51 & = r\gh draught4 ,hames ,top-,/raps4--,c>e %\ld be tak5 t ^! are p]fectly s\nd & /rong1 especially 9 d\ble h>ness1 :]e ! /ra9 ( /opp+ & back+ ! c>riage ( necessity comes ^u !m4 ,brit*+ & ,kick+-,/rap4--,x is bett] 9 s+le h>ness to h ! brit*+ made ) side-/raps atta*$ to ! buckle or tug ( ! back-b&1 & n to pass ov] ! %aft 7conf9$ !re by a loop or /aple z is usual74 ,^! side-/raps c be tight5$ or loos5$ accord+ to ! size ( ! animal1 & if prop]ly adju/$1 effectually prev5t any c>riage f runn+ on ! qu>t]s4 ,across ! horses' hips & ?r\gh ^! /raps1 conf9$ by squ>e metal ,d's1 passes ! kick+-/rap1 :i* is atta*$ to ! tugs on ! %afts by buckles4 ,?is cap>ison1 in/ead ( be+ unsightly1 is positively m elegant ?an ! ord9>y-%ap$ brit*+1 & provides a kick+-/rap at all times ) ! brit*+4 ,! kick+-/rap = d\ble h>ness mu/ always be inelegant1 nor c x be made z effectual z t = s+le h>ness2 = :i* reason1 if = no o!r1 a kick+ horse %\ld nev] be us$ 9 d\ble h>ness "u a g5tleman's c>riage4 ,brit*+ is n g5]ally us$ = d\ble h>ness2 b :]e appe>ances are n reg>d$1 x f9ds place among/ v>i\s o!r contrivances available to make kick]s1 jibb]s1 bolt]s1 plung]s1 & runaways1 "w z placidly z if 8!y c\ldn't help x40#bc ,! ,t]ret-,pad mu/ be left to ! ta/e ( ! own] & saddl]1 ) an obs]vation1 t 9 s+le h>ness x %\ld be asc]ta9$ t ! back-b& has always free play ?r\gh x2 & z a precaution1 x is desirable t 9 s+le h>ness ! belly-b& be always wrapp$ once r\nd at lea/ "o ( ! %afts be=e ! tug1 :e!r ! draught be on f\r or on a pair ( :eels4 ,neglect 9 ?is p>ticul> has (t5 occasion$ accid5ts4 ,! t]ret-pad is g5]ally plac$ too f> =w>d2 ! %ort5+ ( ! crupp] rem$ies ?is4 ,9 d\ble h>ness h a c>e t ! t]ret-pad trace be>+-/raps are n buckl$ too %ort4 ,i h se5 f9e tall horses greatly worn by ^! /raps be+ too tight1 ty+ ! animals across ! back1 ! undue pressure be+ aggravat$ ) ea* elevation ( ! frame 9 ! act ( progression4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--;,front ,view ( a ,coll>1 ) ! /uff+ plac$ z x %\ld be = we> ) ease & safety4 a a1 rim ( coll> all r\nd4 b b1 /uff+ project+ r\nd outside ( rim4 c c1 /uff+ to project inside at back ( rim1 = ! purpose ( tight5+ ! coll> on ! neck 9 t situation1 & ?us obviate abrasion4 ,! ,coll>4--,m c>e & judgm5t are necess>y 9 %ap+ ! /uff+ ( ! coll> to fit a horse ?an = any o!r "p ( ! h>ness4 ,! coll> %\ld n press ei!r on ! mane or on ! "u "p ( ! neck r\nd ! gullet2 ! pressure %\ld be on ea* side ( ! neck at c c 9 figure4 ,coll>s to fit ! ord9>y run ( horses ought to be %ap$ ?us1 by ! padd+ exclusive ( ! rim4 ,! %ape ( ! rim is comp>atively immat]ial1 b x mu/ be /rong to reta9 ! coll> 9 %ape4 ,any coll>1 be x ev] s well %ap$1 %\ld be tri$ on ! horse's neck be=e x is tak5 into we>1 to make sure t x is nei!r too l>ge nor too small4 ,"s horses' heads are l>ge 9 proportion ) ! size ( coll> !y require2 9 su* cases1 out ( compassion = ! poor animal ov] ^: head ! small coll> has to be =c$ at ! risk ( injur+ 8 eyes1 ! coll>1 :i* is g5]ally clos$1 %\ld be made op5 at ! top1 to fa/5 ) buckle & /rap4 ,"u ord9>y circum/ances ! op5 coll>s are n pref]able1 z ! op5+ & clos+ weak5s ! rim1 & is likely to put !m out ( %ape2 b z grooms h a fa%ion ( putt+ ! coll> on ) ! rigid hames tightly buckl$ r\nd x1 ! :ole process ( =c+ a small clos$ coll> ov] a bea/'s l>g] head is s repulsive to him t 9 "t he le>ns to dread ! v sight ( a coll>4 ,! plan ( putt+ on ! coll> ) ! hames atta*$ to x %\ld nev] be p]mitt$4 ,sav+-,coll>1 & description ( make4--,?is is g5]ally =m$ by h>ness-mak]s ( basil ) quilt$ padd+4 ,m s]viceable ?an ?is w be f\nd ! sav+-coll> cut ( s+le lea!r1 f ! s(t or belly "p ( ! c[-hide4 ,a brea/-/rap is plac$ at ! bottom ( ! coll> ) a loop & buckle at ! end1 ?r\gh :i* ! belly-b& ( ! t]ret-pad passes to conf9e ! coll>4 ,e own] ( h>ness %\ld be provid$ ) "o or two sav+-coll>s ( ?is description to be us$ :]e sev]e "w is expect$1 on long j\rneys1 or ) animals new to h>ness4 ,!y %\ld be op5 at ! top1 to fa/5 !re ) two buckles & n>r[ /raps1 ! tight5+ or l5g!n+ ( ! latt] enabl+ x to be fitt$ to ! horse's size4 ,"s c>e is necess>y to obs]ve t ! regul> coll> does n rub ! buckles ( ! sav+-coll> aga9/ ! horse's neck & make a sore4 ,! sav+-coll> %\ld be always kept well moi/5$ ) grease or oil1 & c>efully look$ to aft] use1 ! cru/$ sweat & d&riff be+ scrap$ (f x4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( a sav+-coll>1 ! coll> itself %\ld be wat*$ 9 ! same respect4 ,! bridles g5]ally 9 use = h>ness appe> to require little or no improvem5t4 ,! ,bit mu/ be equally adapt$ to ! horse's m\?1 c41 z = rid+ 7page #ch71 except t ) h>ness1 :ile to all appe>ance us+ ! same k9d ( bit ) a pair ( horses1 ! lev]age on ! m\?s c be alt]$1 by plac+ ! billets or buckle-end ( ! driv+-re9s high or l[ 9 ! *eeks ( ea*1 accord+ to ! animal's temp]1 8 be>+ on x1 c4 ,9 plac+ ! billets 9 ! bit1 x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t ! m use is made ( ! curb ! m w be tak5 out ( ! horse2 !re=e1 :5 a long j\rney or sev]e "w has to be done1 animals %\ld be driv5 9 snaffle1 or ! billets %\ld be plac$ z ne> z possible to ! m\?piece ( ! bit4 ,exp]i5ce only c demon/rate ! diff]5ce 9 ! we> & te> ( ! g5]al physique1 result+ f a judici\s arrangem5t or o!rwise ( ! re9s & bit4 ,bl9k]s4--,! "q ( 8bl9k]s or no bl9k]s0 c be/ be answ]$ by ! obs]vation1 t if y c f9d horses t may be dep5d$ ^u to "w safely & /eadily )\t !m1 !y may be disp5s$ )2 b z su* animals are r>e1 bl9k]s are likely to cont9ue 9 g5]al use4 ,plac+ cre/s or ornam5ts on bl9k]s1 unless ! latt] are light & well holl[$1 & kept ext5d$ 9 front by /iff bl9k]-/raps1 is a practice likely to be injuri\s to ! animals' eyes2 9 fact1 all bl9k]s1 unless light & well holl[$1 are dang]\s = ! eyes1 & ( c\rse ! increas$ weight ( cre/s & _! fa/5+s aggravates ! objection4 ,heavy =ehead-b&s & rosettes1 ?\gh ornam5tal1 are any?+ b desirable1 z f> z ! horse himself is conc]n$4 ,! ,noseb& ( ! h>ness bridle1 l ! rid+ "o1 c by tight5+ be made v useful ) "s descriptions ( h>d-pull+ horses4--,see 8,noseb&10 page #db4 ,! ,brea/plate1 or head-/all m>t+al1 c be made useful 9 ! same way4--,see page #dj4 ,?roat-la%4--,see page #dc4 ,re9s4--,saddl]s g5]ally suit ! re9s admirably to ! "w = :i* !y are int5d$4 ,a buff h&-piece ) pull]s is decid$ly pref]able to pla9 lea!r1 z its r\ghness enables ! driv] to h a mu* firm] hold ( ! re9s1 b w become slipp]y 9 wet4 ,! ,be>+-,re9 is only us$ to keep up a horse's head & give him a %[y appe>ance1 !re=e no exp]i5c$ p]son w use x except ) t object1 & x is injuri\s 9 e o!r respect4--7,see 8,brok5 ,knees10 pages #eb & #ada47 ,crupp]4--,?is /rap is int5d$ to keep ! t]ret-pad & back-b& 9 _! prop] places1 & to re/ra9 ! =m] f runn+ too f> =w>d or press+ on ! )]s 7see 8,sore ,)]s10 page #aea72 also z a su/a9] to ! t]ret-pad aga9/ ! be>+-re9 :5 ! latt] is /ra9$ into its hook4 ,grooms h a v improp] habit ( leav+ ! :ole ( ! h9d] "p ( ! h>ness susp5d$ 9 "o mass by ! crupp]-dock on a peg 9 ! wall ( ! h>ness-room2 ?is %\ld n be all[$4 ,let ! t]ret-pad :5 n 9 use be always plac$ across a prop] saddle-rack1 ) ! brit*+ & crupp] susp5d$ !refrom2 or let !m1 at all ev5ts1 be put some:]e by !mselves4 ,to put on ,h>ness4--,fir/1 :ile ! horse's head is t[>ds ! mang]1 place ! t]ret-pad loosely across ! back--take hold ( ! tail1 & c>efully turn d[n ! hair ov] ! end ( ! fle%2 ?us grasp+ & hold+ ! tail & its hair toge!r 9 ! left h&1 ) ! "r draw ! crupp]-dock ov] x1 & adju/ ! latt] to its place at ! root ( ! tail1 be+ c>eful n to leave a s+le loose hair "u x4 ,!n arrange y\r t]ret-pad 9 ! place :]e x %\ld "w by %ort5+ or l5g!n+ ! crupp]-/rap2 :i* done1 tight5 ! belly-b&4#bd ,n[ turn ! horse 9 8 /all1 &1 y\r coll> & hames hav+ be5 hung up close at h&1 slip ! wide end ( ! =m] by itself ov] ! head4 ,leave ! coll> s1 on ! n>r[ "p ( ! neck1 till y place y\r hames )9 ! coll>-rim1 & fa/5 !m !reto by buckl+ ! top /rap ov] ! n>r[ "p or top ( ! coll>3 n[ turn ! coll> & hames r\nd on ! neck 9 ! direction ( ! side ov] :i* ! mane hangs4 ,put on ! bridle & atta* driv+-re9s1 tempor>ily d\bl+ _! h&-piece ?r\gh ! t]rets4 ,fa/5 ! horse ?us h>ness$ to ! pill>-re9s till y are ready to 8put to40 ,to take (f ,h>ness1 beg9 by remov+ ! re9s & bridle2 !n take (f ! hames by !mselves1 !n ! coll>1 & la/ly ! t]ret-pad & crupp]4 ,,driv+4 ,9 driv+1 a man %\ld sit up aga9/ 8 "w1 & be ?or\ghly propp$ by 8 legs & feet1 ) ! left or re9 h& held well into 8 body1 9 front ( or a little bel[ ! wai/4 ,no?+ looks m ungraceful ?an to h ! re9s at arm's-l5g?1 held out at a di/ance f "o's *e/4 ,a driv] %\ld always be seat$ be=e any "o else 9 or ab\t ! vehicle2 & hav+ c>efully tak5 a firm hold ( ! re9s 9 8 left h& ,,be=e m\nt+ 8 seat1 !y %\ld s rema91 & nev] be %ift$4 ,b %\ld ! driv] be ei!r oblig$ or f9d x conv5i5t to all[ o!rs to be seat$ fir/1 he w !n ( necessity h to m\nt f ! (f or "r side1 9 :i* case he w 9 ! fir/ place h to take ! re9s 9 8 "r h& until seat$1 :5 he w at once transf] !m to _! prop] position 9 8 left4 ,! :ip %\ld inv>iably be plac$ 9 ! socket1 or be h&$ c>efully to ! driv] aft] he has m\nt$4 ,to m\nt ) x 9 h& is highly dang]\s2 ! sight ( x ov] ! bl9k]s1 or an accid5tal t\* to an animal :5 ! driv] is unprep>$1 may />tle & set (f a team--:ile hold+ a :ip 9 ! act ( m\nt+ r5d]s t piece ( gymna/ics d\bly awkw>d to accompli%4 ,all turns & manuvres may be effect$ by ! =e-f+] 7& ?umb if necess>y7 ( ! "r or :ip h&1 ei!r on ! (f or ! ne> side re91 accord+ z ! direction ( ! int5d$ movem5t is t[>ds ! "r or left4#be ,b 9 driv+ f\r-9-h&1 unicorns1 or t&ems1 ins]t ! f\r? f+] ( ! :ip-h& betwe5 ! lead & :eel re9s on ! side y want to pull1 to turn or direct y\r horses4 ,) f\r-9-h& ! g5]al pr9ciple is1 :ile all[+ only a c]ta9 am\nt ( play to ! heads ( y\r lead]s1 to keep y\r :eel]s well 9 h&1 ready = any sudd5 em]g5cy1 be>+ 9 m9d t x is only ) !m1 z !y are atta*$ to ! pole1 t y c /op ! c>riage4 ,a driv] hav+ occasion to raise 8 "r h& = any purpose1 %\ld fir/ place ! :ip transv]sely "u ! ?umb ( ! left or re9 h& 7above1 b ^u1 "o ( ! re9s71 leav+ ! o!r h& at lib]ty2 inde$1 ! :ip %\ld always lie 9 ?is transv]se position1 :e!r 9 ! "r or ! left h&1 unless :5 9 use = correction4 ,_m horses are v clev] at wat*+ ! :ip ov] ! bl9k]s1 & c>eless po9t+ =w>d ) x may keep a high-spirit$ animal 9 a cont9ual fret4 ,to asc]ta9 h[ ea* horse is do+ 8 "w1 judge n only by ! te/ ( ! will+ horse be>+ m on y\r h&2 see also h[ ea* horse keeps 8 traces4 ,9 :i*ev] case !y are slack1 y may dep5d t t horse has no draught ^u him2 if tight1 he is do+ 8 %>e ( ! "w1 or m4 ,a good :ip w correct ! default] s z to avoid annoy+ ! o!r horse4 ,!re is no bett] crit]ion ( skill 9 ! use ( ! :ip ?an ?is4 ,) ! lead]s 9 t&em & f\r-9-h&1 & 9 l[-seat$ c>riages1 unless ! da%-bo>d be v high1 ! re9s are apt to get "u ! horses' tails4 ,9 su* cases1 to avoid a kick+ mat*1 no imm$iate attempt %\ld be made to replace ! re9s :ile !y are conf9$2 b a v light la% ( ! :ip on ! leg w engage ! att5tion ( ! animal1 & :ile ! tail is swit*$ up on ! t\* ( ! la%1 ! re9s may be releas$4 ,horses %\ld always be kept well 9 h&1 unless t1 ^u a long & tiresome j\rney1 "s consid]ation may be %[n = :at !y h to g ?r\gh4 ,"u su* circum/ances1 att5tion may well be direct$ to ! mann] ! billets are plac$ 9 ! bit 7page #fb74 ,on ! level a fair pace c be ma9ta9$1 b up hill no m]ciful man w ev] press 8 bea/s4 ,:5 a heavy load has to be drawn up a %>p %ort hill1 x is n a bad plan to *eat ! horse out ( ! fir/ half ( x by go+ at x ) an impetus1 suff]+ ! pace to m]ge into a walk )\t fur!r pressure z ! fir/ impetus decl9es4 ,:5 ! asc5t is long & gradual1 horses %\ld be all[$ to walk ! :ole way1 :i* c always be admitt$ ( on ord9>y roads1 :]e ! pace is n int5d$ to exce$ eight miles an h\r1 z ! spe$ may be accel]at$ :5 ! fall ( gr\nd is rea*$1 )\t di/ress+ ! animals4 ,let a man suppose himself to be oblig$ to :eel a h&-c>t ) a heavy burd5 = a giv5 di/ance )9 a giv5 "t1 on an undulat+ roadway1 & he w soon discov] ! c\rse he w\ld pursue to effect 8 object2 he w\ld c]ta9ly save himself by go+ v sl[ly up ! hills1 & make up ! "t & di/ance ) mo/ ease by roll+ ! vehicle at a rapid rate d[n ! declivities4 ,let ! pr9ciple ( work+ ?us exemplifi$ be always appli$ to ! usage ( horses 9 h>ness4 ,an old driv+ maxim may be add$1 ?\gh n recomm5d$ by ! metre3-- 8,up ! hill sp>e me2 ,d[n ! hill let me run & be> me2 ,on ! level nev] fe> me40 ,or1 8,walk me a mile out & a mile 92 ,up ! hill spur me n1 ,d[n ! hill ,i'll walk or trot2 ,on ! pla9 sp>e me n2 ,9 ! /able =get me n40 ,i h driv5 a great deal 9 my life1 & h nev] met ) an accid5t f driv+ at a fair trot d[n a mod]ate hill1 ) pl5ty ( road-room1 & no turn+ to be made till aft] ga9+ ! level1 ! team be+ well 9 h& ?r\gh\t4 ,?is obs]vation applies equally to any numb] ( horses2 b ) t&em or f\r-9-h& ! :eel]s %\ld be held p>ticul>ly tight1 & ! lead]s pull$ back4 ,if1 9 desc5d+ a hill1 ! :eel c be drawn along r\gh /ones )\t ! horses be+ also br\ght on !m1 x is desirable to avail ( su* a drag4 ,9 su* hilly c\ntries z ,wales1 ,devon1 c41 ! con/ant use ( a skid is indisp5sable4 ,! un9itiat$ may n qu>rel ) me = rem9d+ !m ( ! necessity = keep+ always to _! own or ! left side ( ! road7! "r on ! ,cont95t1 9 ,am]ica1 & o!r c\ntries74 ,9 turn+ a corn]1 h[ev]1 if x be to ! left y int5d go+1 be=e y make y\r turn get f y\r prop] side ( ! road a little t[>ds ! "r1 if possible1 & f !nce make y\r turn1 by :i* means y w m easily rea* ! left1 or y\r prop] side1 ( ! new r\te y int5d to take1 besides be+ able to see ev]y?+ t is approa*+ en ! o!r4 ,to turn a "r angle y mu/ h space accord+ly1 & x is bett] to make use ( t :i* y see insur$ to y ?an to be dep5d+ on t :i* is unc]ta94 ,x is h>dly necess>y to rem>k t x is inf9itely saf] to make y\r turns at a sl[ pace ?an fa/]4 ,turn+ quickly r\nd corn]s is reckless "w1 b ! fa/] y\r pace ! m necess>y x is to get to ! wrong side ( ! road :5 turn+ to ! left be=e y make y\r turn to ! new1 or be=e ent]+ a n>r[ gateway or passage4 ,:5 ! turn is to ! "r1 y w keep to y\r own or left side ( ! road4 ,:]e a n>r[ gateway has to be ent]$ ) f\r :eels1 hav+ br\ght y\r vehicle fairly 9 front ( x1 place y\r pole directly ov] ! c5tre or bolt /one2 9 ! abs5ce ( ?is guide1 m>k ) y\r eye "s object 9 ! c5tre1 & br+ y\r pole "r ov] x4 ,! :eels w take c>e ( !mselves1 if !re is at all room = ! c>riage4 ,) s+le h>ness ! horse is br\ght direct at ! gate1 & kept v /raight1 8 h9d feet pass+ ov] ! c5tre object4 ,9 driv+ ?r\gh cr[d$ /reets or 9 a n>r[ way1 especially ) vehicles com+ rapidly t[>ds y1 & e prospect ( a collision1 take a /rong] hold ( y\r horses1 & mod]ate y\r pace1 rememb]+ t1 if y _c avoid grief1 ! less ! impetus ! less ! cra%1 if x %\ld come4 ,?is result is amus+ly exemplifi$ by ! /age-coa*man's def9ition ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! results ( road & rail accid5ts4 ,coa*ey says1 8,if ev5 an upset occur on ! road1 !re y are2 b if an accid5t takes place by rail1 :]e are y80 ,rememb] to collect y\r horses well 9 h& be=e y alt] y\r c\rse on ! road1 or to cross x1 9 ord] to h !m al]t & h&y = any em]g5cy4 ,:5 travell+ 9 damp wea!r1 ! roads be+ /icky1 half wet & dry1 y\r horse requires sav+ & consid]ation1 no matt] to :at ext5t ! w9d may be bl[+1 if x goes only 9 ! same direction z himself4 ,:5 ! roads are p]fectly dry ) a light w9d bl[+ aga9/ y\r horse1 he travels "u ! m fav\rable circum/ances4 ,nei!r bl9k]s nor bit %\ld ev]1 ^u any consid]ation1 be remov$ f a horse :ile he is atta*$ to a c>riage1 :e!r to fe$ or = any o!r purpose4 ,want ( caution 9 ?is respect has be5 a f]tile s\rce ( mo/ s]i\s accid5ts4 ,:5 a horse falls irretrievably 9 h>ness1 ! driv] %\ld avoid leav+ 8 seat till "s assi/ant c g to ! animal's head1 :o1 plac+ 8 coat or "s s(t sub/ance betwe5 x & ! road1 to prev5t injury to ! eyes1 presses "o or bo? knees lightly on ! neck1 b s z to prev5t ! bea/ f ris+2 :i* done1 ! driv] c get d[n f 8 seat1 &1 avail+ ( all ! aid he c procure1 frees all ! h>ness z rapidly z possible1 &1 runn+ back ! c>riage f ! horse1 assi/s him to rise4 ,to dis5gage buckles easily 9 su* cases1 in/ead ( dragg+ at ! po9t ( ! /rap 9 ! usual way1 =ce bo? ends ( x to ! c5tre ( ! buckle1 :i* w cause ! tongue to turn back1 & s free ! /rap4 ,:5 a fall 9 h>ness occurs on slipp]y pavem5t su* z "s ( ! ,london /reets1 or 9 fro/y wea!r1 be=e ! horse is p]mitt$ to make any ef=t to rise1 "s a%es1 dry clay1 s&1 sawdu/1 hay or /raw1 or ev5 any old rug or piece ( clo? or c>pet1 %\ld be s plac$ z to prev5t him f slipp+ 9 8 ineffectual & di/ress+ endeav\rs to recov] 8 legs4 ,back+4--,:5 a horse takes to back+1 & dang] is ?reat5$1 if y _c get him =w>d1 & h no assi/ant to take him by ! head1 ! m rapidly y br+ ! brute's head to ! po9t :]e he aims at br++ 8 tail ! bett]4 ,x is a bad habit1 h[ev]1 to give an animal1 to all[ ( 8 be+ tak5 by ! head :5 he is ob/rep]\s1 & %\ld only be resort$ to :5 q unavoidable4 ,kick+ 9 ,h>ness4--,:5 !re is no kick+-/rap or o!r means ( re/ra9t available1 & an animal seems dispos$ to p]si/ 9 kick+1 ! driv]1 reta9+ 8 seat1 %\ld direct "s "o to hold up "o ( ! =e feet 7if he f9ds a difficulty 9 do+ s1 d\bl+ ! knee & ty+ a h&k]*ief tightly r\nd x7 s z to prev5t ! foot rea*+ ! gr\nd1 :i* done1 ! driv] may help to unh>ness1 :ile ! o!r assi/ant takes hold ( ! horse's head4 ,%y+4--,see page #hh4 ,runaways are frequ5tly *eck$ by saw+ ! m\?4 ,9 su* cases1 reta9 y\r pres5ce ( m9d1 det]m9$ to /ick to ! %ip to ! la/2 if y h ! luck to meet ) an asc5t1 t is y\r "t to get a pull4 ,a horse t has once run away1 especially if1 9 connection ) t feat1 he has met ) any noisy disa/] or breakage1 is nev]1 z long z he lives1 safe to drive aga94 ,x only rema9s = 8 own] to use humanity & judgm5t 9 dispos+ ( him4 ,/ubborn horses1 or jibb]s1 9 s+le h>ness4--,on ! fir/ appe>ance ( ?is disposition at />t+1 ! neck %\ld be exam9$1 to discov] :e!r ! fit may n h be5 occasion$ by indisposition to "w aga9/ an ill-fitt+ or dirty coll>1 :i* may h produc$ abrasion or t5d]ness ( ! sk9 "u x 7see page #fa74 ,if ! unpleasantness proce$ f innate /ubbornness 9 ! brute1 & simple means d n succe$ 9 s+le h>ness1 place him 9 d\ble h>ness1 beside a well-temp]$1 good work]1 t w drag him away1 />t+ d[n-hill4 ,9 ?is mann] ! habit1 if n confirm$1 w be ov]come4 ,9 extreme cases1 diff]5t appliances h be5 us$ ) v>i$ success 9 mak+ ! bea/ move on--su* z a r\nd pebble1 ab\t ! size ( a h5's egg1 plac$ 9 ! e>1 & secur$ ) a cord ti$ r\nd ! latt]1 ne> ! tip1 or /uff+ a glove 9 ea* e>4 ,i h also se5 coa*m5 put two or ?ree h&fuls ( mud into ! horse's m\?1 & rub x aga9/ 8 palate ) good effect1 or tap him ) a /ick at ! back ( ! =e legs1 j "u ! knee4 ,lett+ a /ubborn bea/ /& = h\rs 9 h>ness 9 ! spot :]e he has tak5 ! fit1 &1 :5 he has become well hung]$1 plac+ a fe$ ( corn be=e him & gradually walk+ away ) x1 is a dilatory proce$+ sometimes resort$ to1 b sc>cely wor? m5tion+4 ,,draw+4 ,! size ( horses %\ld be 9 proportion to ! weight & size ( ! vehicle & loads !y are int5d$ to move1 ^u ! pr9ciple1 easily demon/rat$ by exp]im5t1 t weight drags weight4 ,= in/ance1 a horse hav+ to drag a c>t up a hill1 w d s m easily ) ! driv] on 8 back ?an o!rwise1 z ! weight ( ! man assi/s ! horse aga9/ ! weight he has to move4 ,! latt] "p ( ?is argum5t only ref]s1 h[ev]1 to %ort di/ances1 or to />t+ a draught4 ,! high] ! :eels are1 & ! clos] toge!r1 :e!r !y be two or f\r1 ! light] w be ! draught4 ,9 fact1 to r5d] ! draught z easy z possible1 ! axles ought to be on a level ) ! trace-hooks1 or po9t ( traction1 or z ne>ly horizontal z possible ) ! traces & _! place 9 ! leg ( ! hames4 ,x is self-evid5t t if a horse has to be pull+ up1 x is l 8 hav+ to raise a c]ta9 "p ( ! weight ( ! c>riage ) e /ep he moves2 & ! fa/] he goes1 ! m injuri\sly does ?is pr9ciple op]ate aga9/ him4 ,! po9t ( ! pole-&-*a9 atta*m5t %\ld be always s elevat$ f its ins]tion 9 ! c>riage z to be on a level ) ! r+s ( ! hames ?r\gh :i* ! pole-*a9s pass4 ,on ! po9t ( ! pole %\ld be a revolv+ /eel cross-tree1 f eight to t5 in*es 9 l5g?1 9 ! ends ( :i* ! pole-*a9s or lea!rs are ins]t$4 ,! work+ ( ?is contrivance w1 to any practical man1 demon/rate its utility4 ,9 light d\ble h>ness1 ,i mu* pref] us+ sw++-b>s in/ead ( "o inflexible spl9t]-b>1 unless = v heavy draught4 ,horses %\ld be plac$ close to _! "w4 ,= adju/+ ! traces to t effect1 see page #eh4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t ! f>!r =w>d 9 a c>riage ! weight to be drawn is plac$1 ! easi] w be ! draught on ! horse4 ,?us ! weight ( "o man at ! extreme end ( ! vehicle 7l a conductor on an omnibus7 has z mu* effect on ! traction z t ( two m5 on or ne> ! driv+-seat4 ,! dead] ! weight1 let x be plac$ z x may1 ! great] ! trial ( ! horse2 !re=e inanimate matt] is heavi] on traction ?an any?+ hav+ life4 ,vehicles ( :i* ! l[] c>riage & axles are kept brac$ toge!r by a p]* /eady+ ! action ( ! :eels1 are mu* ! easie/ on ! draught4 ,! ,am]icans are well aw>e ( ! advantages ( su* a con/ruction = enc\nt]+ ! r\ghness ( _m ( _! roads4 ,n only are all _! pleasure c>riages1 or 8buggies10 s con/ruct$1 b ! waggons h a p]* t by an admirable arrangem5t c be deta*$1 to all[ ( ! c>riage be+ l5g!n$ :5 requir$ to c>ry timb] or o!r lad+4 ,! p]*1 be+ 9 two pieces1 c be c\pl$ by ! simple contrivance ( a movable iron b& & p91 giv+ a fre$om1 mo/ desirable 9 a r\gh c\ntry1 to ! movem5t ( ! l[] c>riage4 ,?is contrivance works well1 & might ) advantage be appli$ to our milit>y tra9-waggons & ambulance-c>ts4 ,horses _c b suff] f ! pres5t con/ruction ( c>riages 9 g5]al use1 :]e ! axles are left unsupport$ & unbrac$ to enc\nt] ! r\ghness & inequalities ( ! road4 ,axle-,boxes4--,prop] lubrication ( ! axle-boxes is too (t5 sadly neglect$4 ,ev5 ,coll+e's pat5t w n run freely )\t p]iodical aid 9 proportion to use1 & x is no h>m to make an occasional exam9ation ( ! :eels ( a c>riage :5 !y are lift$ (f ! gr\nd by sett]s1 to see t !re is ?or\gh fre$om 9 ! work+ ( !m1 by sp9n+ !m r\nd ) "o's f+] aga9/ ! spokes4 ,! reapplication ( gutta-p]*a or lea!r wa%]s is ess5tial1 z ! am\nt ( friction by "w w we> t requisite4 ,= a few days aft] ! wa%]s are replac$1 ! boxes %\ld n be screw$ too tightly1 b subsequ5tly !y %\ld be re-tight5$4 ,! noise ( :eels joggl+ ^u _! axles indicates want ( screw+ up1 or ( wa%]s4 ,a r\nd tire is decid$ly easi] = draught ?an a flat-edg$ "o4 ,c>riages1 imm$iately aft] use1 %\ld be clean$1 or at lea/ h wat] da%$ ov] !m1 to prev5t ! mud f dry+ on ! pa9t1 :i* c sc>cely fail to det]iorate x1 & give x a premature appe>ance ( we>4 ,,%oe+4 ,"s horses are v av]se to be+ %od1 ?r\gh "s fright ! fir/ "t ( %oe+1 or bad managem5t4 ,x is bett] to ov]come su* %yness or vice by g5tl5ess or /ratagem ?an by =ce ( any k9d4 ,"s few animals ev5 require to be ca/1 or plac$ "u ! influ5ce ( ! pa9ful twit*4 ,be=e resort+ to any =ce1 h[ev]1 ! foll[+ means %\ld be tri$ 9 pref]5ce to o!rs3--,let :oev] is 9 ! habit ( rid+ or ex]cis+ ! horse m\nt him :5 regul>ly bridl$ & saddl$1 ! gir?s be+ a little loos] t if int5d$ = "w2 ride to ! side ( ! =ge1 & !re let him 78 rid] /ill on 8 back7 be %od ! fir/ "t2 on ! second visit to ! =ge1 if x be spaci\s en\gh1 he may be ridd5 into x = ! same purpose4 ,9 %oe+1 ! smi?'s rule ought to be to fit ! %oe to ! foot1 n ! foot to ! %oe1 accord+ to ! g5]al practice ( ^? g5try4 ,9 ,london & all l>ge t[ns1 ! be/ ?+ a g5tleman c d is to contract ) a vet]9>y surgeon = ! %oe+ z well z ! doctor+ ( 8 horses4 ,! night previ\s to a horse be+ %od or remov$1 ! groom %\ld /op 8 feet1 to s(t5 !m1 & enable ! f>ri] to use 8 draw+-knife prop]ly1 & )\t injury to t in/rum5t4 ,9 %oe+1 any undue accumulation ( sole may be p>$ away2 judgm5t mu/1 h[ev]1 be us$ 9 ?is p>ticul>1 z ! feet ( "s animals gr[ m sole ?an o!rs1 & sup]flu\s increase t5ds to contraction1 :]eas c>e mu/ be tak5 n to weak5 ! sole ( ord9>y gr[?4 ,i am aw>e t great diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s on ?is subject1 b ,i speak f practical exp]i5ce ( ! results ( opposite modes ( treatm5t 9 ?is p>ticul>4 ,if no %oes 7 us$1 ! we> & te> ( "w w\ld provide = ! disposal ( ?is accumulation1 :i*1 z nature is int]f]$ ) by ! use ( %oes1 mu/ be artificially remov$4 ,if ! frog be jagg$ x may be p>$ ev51 b ! s\nd p>ts %\ld n be cut away1 & on no acc\nt %\ld ! smi?'s draw+-knife be all[$ to divide ! b>s or returns ( ! foot--an op]ation te*nically call$ by ! trade 8op5+ ! heels10 to :i* fallaci\s practice f>ri]s are p]t9aci\sly addict$1 because1 9 "s "o case ( dreadfully contract$ feet1 !y may h se5 or he>d ( tempor>y relief be+ giv5 by ?is process1 ) ! natural result1 :i* !y ignore1 ( ! rem$y prov+ itself 9 "t worse ?an ! disease4 ,if f>ri]s are all[$1 !y w almo/ inv>iably drive z _m %oe-nails r\nd ! inside qu>t] z ! outside4 ,?is is a lam5table mi/ake1 especially reg>d+ ! =e feet1 z ! foot be+ ?us ne>ly all r\nd conf9$ to ! %oe1 its prop] action is int]f]$ )1 prev5t+ a possibility ( its natural & gradual expansion 9 action f ! toe t[>ds ! heel1 z ! horse lays 8 foot ^u ! gr\nd1 ) all weight1 z well z ! act ( propulsion1 press$ on x4 ,! reason = lib]at+ ! inside qu>t] 9 pref]5ce to ! outside is1 t ! inside1 be+ m "u ! c5tre ( gravity1 w be f\nd to exp& & contract m ?an ! outside1 z w be prov$ by ! removal & exam9ation ( a %oe t has be5 9 use ?ree or f\r weeks4 ,on obs]v+ ! "p ( ! %oe t has be5 next ! foot1 x w be di/9ctly p]ceiv$ t ! friction ( ! inside qu>t] ( ! foot has worn a cavity 9 ! portion ( ! %oe :i* has be5 "u t qu>t] ( ! foot1 :ile ! side t has be5 "u ! outside qu>t] be>s comp>atively little evid5ce ( friction above x4 ,?is be+ an e/abli%$ fact1 x seems desirable t ! full numb] ( nails %\ld be driv5 r\nd ! outside qu>t]1 & n m ?an "o or two 7= hunt+ purposes7 on ! inside f ! toe4 7,six nails altoge!r is ! cavalry regulation47 ,if y\r horses are n quick we>]s on ! road1 ! =e %oes %\ld be remov$ )9 two or ?ree weeks aft] %oe+ 7c>e be+ tak5 t ! cl5*es ( ! nails 9 ! h9d feet are at ! same "t prop]ly levell$ to ! ho( to prev5t bru%+71 & let !m be re-%od e five or six weeks4 ,9 all foot ailm5ts1 :5ev] a horse is lame1 al?\gh ! disease may n app>5tly be 9 ! foot1 let ! %oe fir/ be c>efully remov$1 & ! %oeless foot exam9$ by z compet5t a f>ri] z c be procur$ 79 ! abs5ce ( a vet]9>y surgeon71 by p9c]s r\nd ! nail-holes1 g5tly press+ wall & sole toge!r1 by ! hamm] tapp+ ! sole1 & a judici\s use ( ! draw+-knife1 to detect ! possible seat ( disease4 ,i h kn[n a lame horse to be br\ght to a reput$ly-exp]i5c$ amateur horse-doctor1 ! cause ( disease be+ s evid5tly inflammation ( ! %ea? ( ! t5don1 t ! animal 0 ord]$ to be treat$ accord+ly--viz41 ) cold applications2 & ?is n succe$+1 fir+ ! leg 0 resort$ to1 aft] :i*1 ! wea!r be+ suitable1 x 0 ?\ght exp$i5t to let ! bea/ h a run at grass4 ,z a prelim9>y ! %oes 7 remov$1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* op]ation a b$ ( gravel 0 f\nd to h secret$ itself 9 ! foot ( ! suppos$ diseas$ leg1 & ! inflammation occasion$ by ! gravel hav+ gone up1 caus$ :at appe>$ to be m>k$ disease ab\t ! t5don4 ,su* 7 ! results ( neglect+ ! precautions "h recomm5d$4 ,bru%+1 or cutt+1 is a v torm5t+ weakness 9 ! horse1 :e!r beh9d or be=e1 & (t5 highly dang]\s 9 ! latt] case4 ,! ord9>y practice ( f>ri]s "u su* circum/ances is to rasp away ! inside qu>t] ( ! (f5d+ ho(1 z well z d\bly ?ick5+ ! %oe "u ! weak5$ wall1 leav+ ! toe to ext5d itself =w>d4 ,?is is a great mi/ake1 yield+ only a tempor>y improvem5t1 n at all t5d+ t[>ds a cure4 ,on ! contr>y1 x w\ld be bett] to %ort5 ! toes by degrees2 & on no acc\nt %\ld a rasp be put ne> ! wall ( ! inside qu>t]1 9 ord] to let x get z /rong z possible t[>ds ! heel4 ,i w\ld c]ta9ly all[ no nails to be driv5 inside1 b let ! %oe be fa/5$ r\nd ! out] qu>t] ( ! foot1 ! %oe itself be+ ( equal ?ickness on bo? qu>t]s z an ord9>y %oe2 b on putt+ x on1 x %\ld n be suff]$ to project outside ! inside qu>t]1 & ! %oes might "h be rasp$ to gu>d aga9/ r\gh edges1 :i* might injure ! pa/]n ( ! opposite leg dur+ "w4 ,a /rong clip %\ld also be ?r[n up on ! outside qu>t]s ( ^! %oes to cat* ! wall & effectually prev5t !m f %ift+ t[>ds or project+ beyond ! inside qu>t]1 :i* might cause !m to come 9 contact ) ! opposite pa/]n-jo9t :ile 9 motion4 ,until ! bru%+ be some:at rem$i$1 an india-rubb] r+ or a bit ( lea!r1 & ela/ic /rap r\nd ! pa/]n1 w prev5t x f receiv+ pres5t injury4 ,if ! above treatm5t is att5d$ to & p]sev]$ 91 ! probability is t 9 n9e cases out ( t5 a cure w be effect$ 9 c\rse ( "t4 ,corns4--,e horse-own] ought to make himself acqua9t$ ) ! "p ( ! sole betwe5 ! frog & ! wall on ! inside qu>t] ( ! =e foot1 call$ ! seat ( corns 7see pages #aca & #adj71 & e "t t a horse is %od or remov$1 9 p>+ ! foot ! draw+-knife %\ld be us$ to clean away ?is cavity 7)\t weak5+ ! adjac5t wall71 :]e ! disease orig9ates f undue pressure ( ! %oe on ! inside qu>t] ( t susceptible spot1 or f friction ( ! c(f9-bone1 on ! inside ( ! sole1 above ! seat ( corn4 ,! %oe ought to re/ entirely on ! wall ( ! foot1 & n on any "p ( ! sole4 ,r\gh+ & ,fro/+ is simply draw+ out ! old nails ab\t ! toes & replac+ !m ) v l>ge %>p-head$ ones1 call$ fro/-nails4 ,horse-nails be+ made purposely ( a s(t metal1 are unfit = fro/+1 z ! heads we> d[n s quickly4 ,if smi?s w\ld /eel ! heads ( fro/-nails1 !y w\ld la/ mu* long]4 ,?is precaution aga9/ slipp+1 h[ev]1 is only effectual 9 slight fro/s4 ,9 regul> fro/+1 ! nails are c>ri$ completely r\nd1 ) ! addition ( %>p calk9s be+ turn$ on ! heels ( all f\r feet1 & sometimes also %ort spikes or cogs turn$ d[n f ! toes2 b ! latt] are common only 9 sev]e climates1 ?\gh _! use is q z desirable 9 ,engl&1 especially to assi/ horses 9 asc5d+ slipp]y hills1 :]e ! cogs on ! heels h little or no hold 9 ! gr\nd4 ,cogs or calk9s %\ld be rasp$ by ! smi?1 to %>p5 !m1 e c\ple ( days4 ,al?\gh x may be inconv5i5t & exp5sive to h horses prep>$ 9 fro/y wea!r1 x is highly necess>y to d s :]e "w is requir$ ( !m4 ,! v extraord9>y ex]tion t is ne$$ on ! "p ( ! animal to keep 8 feet :5 unprep>$1 z well z ! fret to 8 en]gies1 takes a va/ deal m out ( him 9 "o day's "w ?an a mon?'s daily use w\ld d "u ord9>y circum/ances1 n to speak ( ! risk ( pecuni>y loss f accid5t4 ,x is a mo/ pitiable ?+ to see ! poor bea/s /ruggl+ 9 _! high c\rage & good temp] to d _! be/1 = :at ,i c only call cruel or ?\ghtless ma/]s1 to say no?+ ( ! liability ( ! animals' break+ _! knees & br++ _! rid]s or driv]s to s]i\s tr\ble1 sma%+ h>ness & vehicles1 c4 ,i h always f\nd s]vants mo/ +5i\s 9 mak+ objections to hav+ _! horses prep>$ = fro/1 ! gr& secret be+ _! anxiety to keep !m 9 ! /able ! :ole "t ! fro/ la/s1 t !y may be sav$ f ! tr\ble ( clean+ ei!r !m or _! cap>ison1 c>riages1 c4 ,!y w al>m y ) ! /]eotyp$ objections1 8te>+ ! horses' feet to pieces10 8driv+ fre% nail-holes10 8ripp+ (f %oes10 88 feet won't be> a %oe aft]10 c4 ,i nev] knew an ord9>y s\nd foot to be r$uc$ to su* a condition1 by simply *ang+ %oes1 t a good smi? c\ld n fa/5 a %oe on4 ,! only tangible objection to calk9s to :i* att5tion ne$ be drawn is1 t dur+ _! use1 unless ! horse is mov$ ab\t 9 8 /able ) great caution 9 clean+ or o!rwise1 he is apt to tread ) !m on ! coronet ( ! opposite foot1 :i* is a v s]i\s affair1 inflict+ a na/y jagg$ w\nd on "o ( ! mo/ s5sitive vascul> p>ts ( ! animal4#bf ,! ,b> ,%oe go+ all r\nd ! foot is int5d$ to protect weak or ?ru%y heels4 ,wide-webb$ or ,surface ,%oes are us$ ) flat-foot$1 weak-sol$ horses3 lea!r be+ (t5 introduc$ above !m to save ! soles f be+ damag$ by extrane\s sub/ances on ! road4 ,put on ) ! ord9>y %oe1 x is said to less5 ! j> ( ! tread4 ,high-heel$ ,%oes1 :5 a horse is laid up1 prop]ly manag$1 prove a mo/ effectual palliation & aid 9 ! cure ( 8clap ( ! back s9ew0 7page #adc74 ,^! %oes are made ) calk9s 7jo9$ by a light iron b>71 :i* %\ld n be heavy1 n m ?an an in* deep1 & gradually r$uc$ by ! smi? z ! disease abates4 ,/eel+ ! ,toes is necess>y ) quick we>]s on ! road2 b p>ticul> cautions %\ld be giv5 to ! smi? to "w ! /eel well into ! iron1 = any protrusion ( ?is h>d metal above ! iron w occasion tripp+1 & possibly an irrecov]able fall4 ,calk+ ! h9d %oes mod]ately on ! outside qu>t] only1 is mo/ ess5tial to ! hunt] to prev5t slipp+1 & to give him confid5ce 9 go+ at 8 f5ces1 & on l&+4 ,its advantages c be well und]/ood by any sportsman :o has exp]i5c$ ! diff]5ce betwe5 walk+ himself a day's simple %oot+ ov] s(t slipp]y gr\nd1 or tak+ a t5-mile walk on a half-wet road1 9 ea* case 9 boots ) head$ nails1 to enable him to h a hold 9 ! gr\nd1 & und]tak+ ! same ex]cises 9 boots )\t nails1 :]e "o we>ies himself ) ef=ts to keep 8 feet4 ,i speak z a practical man1 hav+ probably come to less grief ?an mo/ o!rs 9 hunt+1 :i* may be attribut$ ma9ly to ! p>ticul> att5tion be/[$ on ! calk+ ( my be>]s :5 ,i 0 a h>d go]4 ,x seems an unimportant matt]1 b if look$ into w be f\nd to be f> o!rwise4 ,tips1 or half-%oes1 :i* cov] little m ?an ! toe ( a horse1 leav+ ! heels to come 9 direct contact ) ! gr\nd1 are p>ticul>ly s]viceable 9 cases :]e ! heels are dispos$ to contraction1 &1 f my exp]i5ce1 c be us$ )\t injury 9 any ord9>y description ( "w :ile ! frog is s\nd4 ,! qu>t]s ( ! feet be+ left by _! use )\t ! usual conf9em5t ( ! %oe1 & be+ press$ to expansion on e movem5t ( ! animal1 naturally become /rong & ext5d$4 ,tips %\ld become gradually ?9n]1 f9i%+ 9 a f9e edge t[>ds ! ends4 ,i h se5 ill-made tips calculat$ to lame any horse1 ) ! ends ! ?ickness ( an ord9>y %oe 7?\gh ext5d+1 :i* is ! int5tion ( tips1 less ?an half-way d[n ! foot71 z if ! smi? :o made !m expect$ ! heels to rema9 always susp5d$ 9 mid air4 ,slipp]s4--,regul> sportsm5 g5]ally c>ry a sp>e %oe :ile hunt+2 b if a %oe comes (f "o ( ! =e feet 9 ! field or on ! road1 & ! rid] is n provid$ ) a prop] %oe1 he %\ld at once dism\nt & lead 8 be>] to ! ne>e/ =ge1 :]e an old %oe mo/ approa*+ to ! size ( ! foot t c possibly be f\nd %\ld be select$ f ! heap ( ca/ ones t g5]ally lies by 9 a =ge1 & let x be tack$ on ) ?ree or f\r nails only1 s z to s]ve ! creature to get home1 or until ! prop] %oe c be made4 ,if a %oe comes (f ! h9d foot1 & ! di/ance f home is n above ?ree or f\r miles1 ! animal c be l$ or occasionally ridd5 t f> )\t injury1 especially if ! s(te/ side ( ! road be select$ = ! track1 ! h9d feet be+ g5]ally mu* /rong] ?an ! =e4 ,travell+4--,! day be=e a long j\rney1 look to y\r horse's %oes2 see t ! cl9*es are well laid d[n & ! %oes nail$ tightly4 ,z a rule1 d n h new %oes put on j be=e a j\rney1 = ! lea/ c>elessness 9 fitt+ or nail+ !m may occasion m or less lam5ess2 %\ld x be sev]e1 disappo9tm5t & delay may result2 :ile if only app>5tly slight at />t+1 & ! animal endure ! pa9 pati5tly dur+ its "w1 ! cause be+ 9 exi/5ce ?r\gh\t w produce its effects only too palpably :5 ! day's j\rney is ov]4 ,if old %oes are ne>ly worn1 b w la/ ! j\rney1 let !m by all means rema9 on2 b directly ! "w is ov]1 s5d = any prop] smi? ^: =ge is ne>e/1 & h !m tak5 (f 9 ! /able4 ,%\ld ! =ge n be at h&1 ! old slipp]s c ( c\rse be tack$ on :5 ! horse1 hav+ _h its re/1 is tak5 to be %od4 ,all %oes1 = road-"w especially1 %\ld be made full long to cov] ! heels4 ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t1 z ! ho( gr[s naturally1 ! %oe is br\ght =w>d & !reby exposes ! heels4 ,,vice4 ,9 all cases :]e active vice1 su* z re>+1 kick+1 jibb+1 plung+1 has to be combat$1 ! "w ( correction is half done if ! horse is well tir$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 or1 9 vulg> t]ms1 8! fi]y edge tak5 (f him10 by half an h\r's rapid l\nge+1 ) 8 neck well b5t1 *9 into *e/1 on ! s(te/ & mo/ tir+ gr\nd t is available4 ,= myself1 if ,i f9d a horse vici\s1 ,i nev] ?9k ( combat+ him if x c be help$1 )\t hav+ fir/ r$uc$ 8 vig\r a little2 & all horsem5 :o und]take to conqu] any s]i\sly bad habits are recomm5d$ to consid] & adopt ?is practice1 if inde$ su* is n already _! cu/om4 ,kick+1 to ! horseman1 is a matt] ( v trifl+ consid]ation4 ,he may ei!r amuse himself by lett+ ! ebullition exp5d itself1 or x may be /opp$ by *uck+ up ! horse's head & increas+ ! pace4 ,kick+ 9 ,h>ness is a diff]5t affair1 be+ g5]ally ! prelude to disa/]1 & mu/ be gu>d$ aga9/4--,see page #eh4 ,kick+ 9 ! ,/able4--,_m animals1 mo/ g5tle 9 o!r respects1 take inord9ate fits ( ?is practice1 & g5]ally 9 ! dead ( night1 z if to make up = _! usual quietude on all o!r occasions2 mo/ frequ5tly !y resort to ! amusem5t )\t any app>5t cause ( irritation :atev]4 ,!y w d x :5 alone or :5 9 company2 :ile1 7 x n = ! capp$ hock & o!rwise disfigur$ legs1 z well z ! dilapidat$ /abl+ beh9d !m1 discov]$ 9 ! morn+1 y w\ld ?9k t 8butt] w\ldn't melt 9 _! m\?s40 ,9 o!r cases ! habit proce$s f obvi\s bad temp] or spite t[>ds a neighb\r4 ,!re are _m cures propos$ = kick+ 9 ! /able4 ,"o frequ5tly successful is a r\nd log ( wood1 f\r or five in*es long & ab\t two 9 diamet]1 ) a /aple at "o end ( x1 ?r\gh :i* a *a9 two or ?ree in*es long is pass$ & atta*$ to a /rap t buckles r\nd ! pa/]n 7j above ! coronet7 ( "o h9d leg1 or a log 9 ?is way to ea* h9d leg may be us$ if necess>y4 ,ano!r means is to pad all p>ts ( ! /able t c be rea*$ by ! h9d feet4 ,9 _m in/ances :]e ?is plan is adopt$1 ! animal1 no long] he>+ any noise sugge/+ to 8 fancy resi/ance f beh9d1 w cease kick+ altoge!r1 f no o!r expla9able cause4 ,= padd+ use "s pads ( hay or oat5 /raw1 cov]$ ) co>se canvass1 & nail$ to all places )9 rea* ( 8 heels4 ,sometimes1 :]e ! habit is suppos$ to arise f spite t[>ds a neighb\r1 a *ange ( location w answ]4 ,9 o!r cases no?+ b arm+ all p>ts ( ! /able )9 rea* ) furze bu%es1 or o!r prickly repellants1 w succe$4 ,x w be well1 9 treat+ ?is vice1 to try ! rem$ies "h recomm5d$ 9 rotation2 fir/ ) ! o!rwise quiet horse try ! log1 !n ! padd+1 ! *ange ( location1 & ! prickly arm\r 9 succession4 ,x is a rem>kable fact t horses seldom kick 9 ! /able dur+ daylight2 leav+ a light 9 ! /able ?r\gh ! night may !re=e effect a cure :]e all else has fail$2 b z light int]f]es ) sleep1 x %\ld be ! v la/ res\rce4 ,re>+ is ( little consequ5ce 9 h>ness1 & seldom attempt$ to any ext5t2 b to ! rid] x is1 9 my op9ion1 ! mo/ dang]\s ( all bad habits to :i* a brute may be addict$4 ,z ,i consid] x almo/ impossible = a horseman to cure a practis$ re>]1 my advice to ! own] ( su* a bea/ w\ld be1 in/ead ( risk+ 8 life 9 ! endeav\r1 to get rid ( him to "s buy]1 :o w place him :]e1 9 ! p5al s]vitude ( h>ness1 he may p]haps eke out a useful exi/5ce4 ,h[ev]1 %\ld accid5t place y on a re>]1 directly he rises lay hold ( ! mane ) "o h&2 ?is1 :ile at once ?r[+ y\r weight =w>d :]e x %\ld be1 w enable y also to completely slack5 ! re9s1 :i* is important4 ,no "o ne$ be a%am$ to adopt ?is plan4 ,i h se5 ! be/ rid]s d s4 ,vici\s re>+ may1 on its fir/ manife/ation1 be sometimes *eck$ by a det]m9$ & reckless rid] giv+ a well-direct$ bl[ on ! e> ) "s bo!r+ missile2 b ?is is a v5turesome proce$+1 & only 9 em]g5cy %\ld x be resort$ to1 z an ill-direct$ bl[ is v likely to produce poll-evil1 or knock ! sight out ( an eye4 ,x is said t a bottle full ( wat]1 brok5 on ! e> ( a re>+ horse1 proves an effectual cure2 b happily ! dang] to ! rid] dur+ su* treatm5t ( 8 be>]1 is a /rong gu>antee aga9/ ! frequ5t adoption ( ?is b>b>\s practice4 ,9 _m cases l[]+ "o h& ) ! re9 on t side :5 ! horse is j beg9n+ to rise1 w h ! effect ( break+ ! re>1 ! horse be+ urg$ =w>d ) ! spur ! in/ant 8 =e legs are d[n2 b if1 :5 he has ga9$ any?+ l ! p]p5dicul>1 ! re9 or head be *uck$1 or by any mis=tune int]f]$ )1 ! *ances are t ! brute w walk ab\t on 8 h9d legs l a danc+ dog1 & mo/ likely f9i% by fall+ back on 8 rid]4 ,a m>t+al is sometimes f\nd to be a prev5tive1 especially a runn+ "o4 ,jibb+4--,! disposition to ?is vice is g5]ally call$ into action1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 by ! fret consequ5t on ! abrasion ( ! neck by ! coll>1 or by ! work+ ( unev5 traces 7page #eg74 ,! use ( a sav+-coll>1 & ! c>eful adju/m5t ( ! traces1 may !re=e obviate ! prop5sity4 ,sometimes jibb+ is ! effect ( bad h&l+ :5 />t+ ) a heavy load4 ,:]e su* a disposition ev9ces itself1 ! c>riage %\ld be pu%$ f beh9d1 or ano!r horse plac$ beside1 or1 if possible1 9 front ( ! jibb]1 to lead him (f4 ,%y+ may proce$ f v>i\s causes1 su* z defective sight1 n]v\sness1 or tricks2 ?us x may be ! result ( ei!r con/itutional infirmity or ( vice4 ,f :atev] cause proce$+1 ! prop] way to manage a %y+ horse is to turn 8 head away f ! object at :i* he %ies1 9 rid+1 press+ ! spur to ! same side to :i* 8 head is turn$2 ?us1 if ! object he dislikes be on ! "r1 turn 8 head to ! left1 & press y\r left leg1 giv+ him t spur1 & vice v]sa1 accord+ to ! side on :i* ! object to be avoid$ is f\nd4 ,if y h to deal ) a bad %y]1 y\r "t be+ preci\s1 & y only c>e to get ?r\gh y\r pres5t ride ) ! lea/ unpleasantness possible1 9 addition to ! above-m5tion$ means1 take him1 if necess>y1 well by ! head1 ! re9s 9 ea* h&1 & saw or job 8 m\? r %>ply1 keep+ him 9 rapid motion till y pass ! object4 ,op]at+ ?us on 8 m\? sev]ely1 if necess>y1 w engage 8 att5tion1 & *eat him out ( 8 appreh5sion = ! mom5t4 ,x is bad horseman%ip1 & dang]\s besides1 to =ce a horse's head t[>ds an (f5d+ object :ile 9 motion2 b if x is p>ticul>ly desirable t ! animal %\ld become famili>is$ ) any?+ ( :i* he is %y1 let him be br\ght to a /&/ill1 & coax$ up gradually to x1 t he may assure himself ( its h>mlessness by smell+ & feel+ x ) 8 nose & lips1 if possible4 ,puni%m5t by :ip or spur--:at is call$ 8cramm+0 him up to a ?+--is a vile error4 ,:5 a horse is f\nd to ev9ce a confirm$ objection to pass+ a p>ticul> place1 & t he keeps bolt+ & turn+ vici\sly 9 spite ( all ord9>y ef=ts to prev5t x1 take him at 8 own fancy1 & keep turn+ & turn+ him till he is s tir$ ( t game t he w only be too glad to g =w>d pa/ ! objectionable spot4 ,a horse's s5se ( smell+ is v acute1 & sometimes a dead animal 9 ! dit* or field by ! side ( ! road1 ?\gh unse51 w cause an abrupt & v unseat+ sort ( a %y1 ) an ord9>ily quiet bea/ ( s5sitive olfactory n]ves4 ,,sell+4 ,if ! horse y wi% to dispose ( be a fancy "o1 ei!r = beauty1 action1 or disposition1 & a fancy price be requir$1 ef=ts mu/ be made to obta9 ! fancy cu/om] to suit1 & "t & att5tion mu/ be devot$ to t object4 ,b if he be ( ! ord9>y useful class1 unless a pur*as] be f\nd at once1 let ! own]1 directly he has made up 8 m9d to "p ) him1 ?9k ( ! be/ m>ket available1 :e!r public auction1 a fair1 or private sale by commission4 ,! public auction1 ) a good description ( ! animal's m]its1 if he has any1 is ! readie/ & lea/ tr\blesome mode ( dispos+ ( all unsuitable prop]ty2 & f my own exp]i5ce1 ,i %\ld say t ! bett] plan is to make up "o's m9d positively to dispose ( su* ! fir/ "t x is put up by ! auctione]1 hav+1 ( c\rse1 plac$ a reasonable & r l[ res]ve price on x1 & provid$ t ! sale be fairly att5d$ by pur*as]s2 o!rwise ,i %\ld n all[ my prop]ty to be (f]$ until a m fav\rable opportunity4 ,a valuable & fancy animal1 if 8 own] is n press$ to sell1 _h bett] be dispos$ ( by full adv]tisem5t & private sale at 8 own /able4 ,x is bad managem5t to exhibit = sale an animal t is out ( condition2 x always pays to make y\r horse look z well z possible be=e he meets ! eye ( a cu/om]4 ,!re is an old & true say+1 8no meat sells s well z horse meat0--( c\rse animal fle% is "h allud$ to4 ,,caprice4#bg ,all horsem5 "k h[ :imsical horses are1 & ! be/ rid]s feel a c]ta9 am\nt ( diffid5ce1 & ev5 awkw>dness1 on beg9n+ ) any new m\nt1 until a m p]fect acqua9tance is e/abli%$ betwe5 man & horse4 ,a horseman :o id5tifies himself ) 8 /e$ w sometimes by a m]e fluke hit (f ! means ( hav+ 8 own way ) a caprici\s ?\gh p]haps really well-dispos$ animal1 if "o only knew ! way to manage him4 ,= in/ance1 a fir/-class hunt] ( my own 7,b>onet71 ^: excell5t p]=mance 9 ! field1 :]e ,i _h se5 him tri$1 induc$ me to pur*ase him1 soon gave evid5ce ( a peculi>ity = :i*1 unkn[n to me1 he _h made himself rem>kable4 ,no ord9>y means c\ld prevail ^u him to g ?r\gh any /reet ( a t[n except su* z he pleas$ himself1 ( :i* he gave me evid5ce ! fir/ day ,i _h occasion to try him 9 t way1 walk+ on 8 h9d legs directly 8 w 0 disput$ on ! subject1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( a m]e pressure on ! re9 at ! side he 0 requir$ to turn4 ,9 my difficulty1 in/9ct prompt$ me to drop ! re9s & g5tly direct 8 progress ) ! po9t ( ! :ip at ! side ( 8 nose1 & 9 ?is way he w5t ev] aft] z quiet z a %eep ) me4 ,hav+ discov]$ 8 caprice1 ,i 0 always provid$ ) a h&le ( a :ip or a swit* ( "s k9d = 8 b5efit4 ,rid+ him "o day into ,dyc]'s1 an old acqua9tance ( 81 well aw>e ( 8 prop5sity1 exclaim$ 9 t]ms n complim5t>y to ,b>onet at my possession ( him1 & 0 mu* amus$ :5 ,i told him my simple me?od ( manag+ ?is self-will$ g5tleman4 ,! same sort ( :at ,i c sc>cely help t]m+ 8in/9ct0 t has (t5 taught me1 & d\btless hundr$s ( o!r practical horsem51 to meet ! :ims ( _! /e$s s z to suit !mselves1 produc$ a victory some:at simil> to ! =ego+ ov] an animal t1 9 ! pres5ce ( a l>ge assemblage int]e/$ 9 8 p]=mance1 mo/ det]m9$ly refus$ to trot1 ?\gh ridd5 successively by ! mo/ skill$ nagsm5 ,dyc]'s y>d c\ld produce1 z well z by ,dyc] himself4 ,i propos$ to try my h&1 & ! animal at fir/ />t pursu$ ! same uneasy half-cant] ) me2 b p]ceiv+ t he seem$ p>ticul>ly desir\s to take a dr9k f a tr\gh t happ5$ to be 9 ! way1 ,i all[$ 8 att5tion to be di/ract$ by tak+ z mu* wat] z he pleas$ f x2 & !n turn+ him 9 ! opposite direction f t 9 :i* he _h s ob/9ately p]si/$ 9 8 own gait1 patt+ & do+ all ,i c\ld to reassure him1 dropp+ ! bit-re9 altoge!r1 & tak+ a v light & l5g!n$ hold ( ! snaffle-re91 ,i let him move (f at 8 own pace1 :i*1 to ! surprise ( e "o pres5t 7my own1 ,i admit1 includ$71 prov$ to be a walk1 :i* he imm$iately *ang$ into a jog-trot all up ! y>d1 w9n+ = me a bet ( tw5ty sov]eigns to "o f ! late ,edw>d ,dyc]1 t ! horse c\ld n be made to trot )9 a qu>t] ( an h\r ( ! rid] m\nt+4 ,n[1 x is only caprice t c acc\nt = ! likes & dislikes ( horses ab\t go+ lead or :eel 9 f\r-9-h&4 ,"o horse w n /ir till remov$ f ! :eel1 & ano!r w be equally unmanageable if assign$ ! lead]'s "p1 :ile an ex*ange ( places w p]haps r5d] bo? animals p]fectly tractable4 ,9 d\ble h>ness x may sometimes be obs]v$ t an animal1 :ile work+ by itself1 or ) o!rs n fa/]1 w casually %[ great _s1 b :5 c\pl$ ) ano!r possess+ m life & action1 x w seem at once subdu$ f its =m] livel9ess1 & g along l a slug1 q out ( sorts at f9d+ itself outpac$1 c41 :ile its m sprightly neighb\r w exhibit a d\ble ebullition ( spirits1 z if 9 reproa* to say1 8,:y c't y come on80 ,to prove su* cases ( :imsicality fur!r1 replace ! app>5t slugg>d by c\pl+ ) our vivaci\s /e$ a m lively & active animal1 & y w see ! latt] 9 8 turn become subdu$ & 8%ut up10 9 comp>ison ) 8 previ\s sprightl9ess4 ,aga91 al?\gh ! animal is decid$ly greg>i\s1 a horse1 f "s dislike to its companions or o!r :im1 w absolutely p9e & cease to ?rive 9 a /all /abl$ ) o!rs1 & be re/or$ to its usual spirits & heal? on removal to a loose-box4 ,su* animals are g5]ally re/less at night1 & %[ great ability 9 sma%+ _! head-coll>s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 mo/ horses l company1 & w p9e away if kept alone4 ,^! ?+s %\ld be /udi$4 ,,iri% ,,hunt]s1 ,,& ,,! ,,bre$+ ,,( ,,good ,,horses4 ,mu* att5tion has latt]ly be5 attract$ to ! det]ioration 9 ! sup]ior bre$s ( horses1 hav+ ref]5ce m to a decl9e ( p[] & endurance ?an to dim9i%$ swiftness4 ,!re is no reason :y our old fame = bre$+ good horses ( e k9d %\ld n be ma9ta9$4 ,unrelax$ att5tion mu/ nev]!less be giv5 to "s well-kn[n & e/abli%$ rules respect+ bre$+1 & m m>k$ enc\ragem5t might ) advantage be 9 e way af=d$ to ! production & re>+ ( "y animals ( a sup]ior & valuable description4 ,we w\ld !re=e sugge/ t prizes = "y ones %\ld be m lib]ally & g5]ally aw>d$ at exhibitions2 likewise a c>eful revision & alt]ation ( _m ( ! pres5t regulations 9 connection ) rac+4 ,! importance ( mo/ c>eful scrut9y 9 select+ ! prog5itors ( horses c nev] be ov]rat$2 & ?\gh 9 ,irel& exp]i5ce has prov$ 9 _m in/ances t a good hunt] c be produc$ f a dam :i*1 9 ,engl&1 w\ld be consid]$ too small1 too pla91 ! blood 9 bo? p>5ts has inv>iably be5 ( ! be/4 ,! m>e1 or p]haps h] p>5ts1 might h be5 half-/>v$--no uncommon result ( ! sc>city ( food dur+ _m successive ye>s ( adv]sity among ! poor] classes 9 ! =m] c\ntry--b h] prog5itors _h be5 l>ge p[]ful animals4 ,z1 9 ! due c\rse ( ?+s1 x results 9 "t t e d5om9ation ( useful horse1 except+1 p]haps1 ! heavy dray & c>t horse bre$s1 is influ5c$ by ! *>act]i/ics transmitt$ m p>ticul>ly to ! p[]ful1 endur+1 mod]ately fleet animal prop]ly designat$ ! hunt]1 x is a subject ( deep int]e/ to ! community at l>ge to "k h[ ! latt] %\ld be produc$4 ,! 8,iri% hunt]0 is admitt$ to possess 9 a rem>kable mann] ! qualities mo/ desirable 9 a horse ( t or ! g5]ally useful class4 ,h>dy1 endur+1 c\rage\s1 /rong1 %ort-legg$1 %ort-back$1 long-sid$1 tol]ably fa/1 b any defici5cy 9 spe$ made up = by jump+ p[]2 all action1 able to jump any?+ & ev]y?+2 intuitive lov]s ( f5c+2 _! sagacity su* t y h only to get on _! backs & leave ! re/ to !mselves2--"u ord9>y circum/ances x is almo/ impossible to ?r[ ^! animals4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,prop] ,,=m ,su* is ! bre$+ t ,i %\ld be incl9$ to cross ) t ( ! p[]ful ,engli% race-horse z sire1 tak+ blood z ne>ly pure z possible 9 bo? p>5ts1 = ! purpose ( secur+ valuable /ock1 :i* w\ld 9 "t be disp]s$ ov] ! c\ntry1 & replace ! prog5y ( ^? we$y ?or\gh-br$s :i*1 9 ,irel& especially1 h done mu* t[>ds ! decl9e 9 p[] & endurance ( ! pres5t g5]ation ( s-call$ ,iri% hunt]s4 ,! p>5tage might1 ( c\rse1 be rev]s$ betwe5 sire & dam4 ,z to ! "q ( climate1 any "o really int]e/$ 9 discov]+ its possible effects might be curi\s to "k :at w\ld *>act]ise ! produce ( a high-br$ ,engli% rac] & ,iri% huntress foal$ & re>$ 9 ,france4 ,z f> z we c judge f ! peculi>ities ( ^? horses ) :i* we are mo/ famili>1 extremes ( ei!r heat or cold are unfav\rable to ! developm5t ( size2 :]eas1 "u bo? conditions1 a va/ am\nt ( endurance seems to be natural4 ,! ,norwegian & ! ,arab1 diff]+ mat]ially 9 po9t ( swiftness1 are bo? notori\s = endurance4 ,! plodd+ p]sev]ance ( ! fir/ is well kn[n2 :ile ! ,arab1 ridd5 at an ev5 gait ) a fair weight1 w g ) impunity a great] di/ance1 at a rate ( eighte5 to tw5ty miles an h\r1 ?an ! be/ ,european c d4 ,9 sport+ language1 ! ,arab c 8/ay0 bett] ?an ! ,european4 ,arab bre$]s r>ely (f] a really high-br$ animal = sale "u f\r1 & g5]ally five1 ye>s ( age2 h5ce he _c receive ! education be/[$ ^u ! ,european rac]1 :o1 be=e he is ?ree1 (t5 at less ?an two1 ye>s ( age1 is taught by ! mo/ sci5tific rid]s 9 ! _w to 8g f ! po/0 at v ne>ly top spe$--a species ( tra9+ t sometimes results 9 8 beat+ horses :i* are really sup]ior 9 e respect except t ( be+ ready at />t+1 & capable ( putt+ on _! be/ spe$ at once4 ,besides1 9 ^? hot climates ! "y animal has n ! advantage ( a s(t ela/ic turf1 s ess5tial to tra9+1 nor has he ! assi/ance ( prop] tra9]s & jockeys4 ,x is mu* to be regrett$ t ! bre$]s ( ,arabia _c be tempt$1 = almo/ any price1 to "p ) truly high-br$ m>es1 wisely reta9+ !m to bre$ = ! b5efit ( _! native l&4 ,w>m? ( climate seems ?us1 z in/anc$ 9 ! ,arab1 to fav\r swiftness & endurance2 ?\gh1 on ! o!r h&1 we may po9t to ! mild1 moi/1 b sc>cely w>m climate ( our isl&s1 z hav+ fo/]$ ! production ( animals possess+ ^! qualities 9 ! fir/ degree1 9 addition to size & p[] beyond ^? ( ! ,arab4 ,france has latt]ly1 s9ce ! introduction ( pure blood1 produc$ "s spl5did horses2 b "t mu/ tell :e!r ! p]fections ( ^! animals are z la/+ z ^? ( o!rs ^: e>ly gr[? may n h be5 s mu* =c$ by a m g5ial climate4 ,!re=e1 z f> z we "k at pres5t1 ! climate ( ,engl& is z fav\rable z t ( any o!r l& to ! production & developm5t ( p]fection 9 ! horse1 ! specim5s ( :i* t %e has pres5t$ be+ hi!rto unsurpass$4 ,x w\ld appe> t we make a s]i\s mi/ake 9 n provid+ great] enc\ragem5t to bre$]s & pur*as]s ( ye>l+s & two-ye>s-old ( ! diff]5t descriptions4 ,a decid$ advantage w\ld1 we ?9k1 result f competition among ^! classes at horse-%[s1 due c>e be+ necess>ily giv5 to plac+ !m 9 a situation specially adapt$ = !m1 & :]e !y w\ld be free f noise & excitem5t4 ,no?+ w\ld t5d m to incite to ! c>eful bre$+ ( horses among f>m]s ?an ! possibility ( obta9+ h&some prizes1 & !reby secur+ ! prospect ( e>ly remun]ation2 :ile ! opportunity = m>ket af=d$ by ^! exhibitions w\ld pres5t additional inducem5ts to ! re>+ & pur*ase ( "y animals4 ,hav+ 9 view ! enc\ragem5t ( a sup]ior bre$ ( horses1 x is beg9n+ at ! wrong end n to support x1 9 ! fir/ place1 by allott+ at su* meet+s ! mo/ num]\s & valuable prizes to ! babies4 ,=tunately ! v5tilation giv5 to ?is important subject ( ! det]ioration 9 our horses1 m especially 9 t p>ticul> class d5om9at$ ! ,iri% hunt]1 has ar\s$ ! int]e/ ( ! c\ntry at l>ge1 & already l$ to m e>ne/ ef=ts on ! "p ( ! l&$ proprietors & bre$]s to rega9 lo/ gr\nd4 ,x ought to be borne 9 m9d t ! light weights all[$ by ! pres5t rac+ laws = ,que5's plates are1 z examples = weight+ 9 o!r races1 mo/ p]nici\s4 ,^! grants f ! ,cr[n 7 orig9ally be/[$ ) ! view to enc\rage ! rais+ ( /rong ?or\gh-br$s1 capable ( c>ry+ twelve /one sometimes = f\r or ev5 five mile heats2 !re=e ! pres5t arrangem5t ( weights is positively1 h[ev] un9t5tionally1 a misapplication ( ^? public funds4 ,x is probably to ! turfm5 t ! *ange 9 ! "* ( /eeple*as+ is greatly due2 !y f\nd x _! int]e/ gradually to alt] ! weights & di/ances1 s z to br+ pr(itably into play _! second & ?ird rate beat5 race-horses4 ,/eeple*ases 7 n int5d$ = ^! latt]1 ^: p]fection is 9 proportion to _! spe$4 ,pace is n ! *ief desid]atum 9 hunt]s1 to prove ! qualities ( :i* /eeple or ca/le *ases 7 in/itut$2 p[] & endurance are at lea/ z ess5tial3 & x is contr>y to ! law ( nature1 z well z ( me*anics1 to comb9e a maximum ( spe$ ) t ( p[]1 & vice v]sa4 ,ei!r w prepond]ate to ! detrim5t ( ! o!r4 ,! difficulties1 natural & artificial1 pres5t$ by ! g5]al face ( ! c\ntry 9 ,irel&1 h no d\bt contribut$ to ! developm5t ( ^? qualities :i* r5d] ! ,iri% hunt] s valuable4 ,! /yle ( f5ce is cont9ually v>i$2 & 9 ! c\rse ( a run !re w be enc\nt]$ d\ble dit*es1 ) a n>r[ or wide bank1 s+le ones1 /one walls1 brooks1 bullf9*es1 gates1 wide dra9s1 & occasionally po/s & rails1 or iron pal+s--hurdles be+1 h[ev]1 ( r>e occurr5ce2 b ! horse t c ma/] ! above imp$im5ts to 8 c\rse w soon f9d out h[ to jump a hurdle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prep>atory ,,cant] ,! ,iri% colt has sometimes also a k9d ( tra9+ n expressly design$ = him by 8 own]2 = be+ n unfrequ5tly left ) o!r animals 9 a field af=d+ an insuffici5t supply ( grass = !m all1 he und]takes to prove ! tru? ( ! prov]b t hung] w break ?r\gh /one walls1 by jump+ ov] if n ?r\gh "o to obta9 m or bett] food4 ,transplant$ to ,engl&1 ! accompli%$ ,iri% hunt] (t5 f9ds himself te/$ 9 a mann] /range to him2 ! rate ( spe$ is great] ?an he has be5 accu/om$ to1 = ! ,gre5 ,isle has n yet adopt$ g5]ally ! extremely swift pace ( h\nds n[ s mu* 9 vogue 9 ,engl&1 & is !nce1 z reg>ds ! h\nds & ! horses1 9 unque/ionably ! mo/ sportsmanlike condition4 ,x 0 nev] int5d$ t hunt+ %\ld become /eeple*as+2 & ! unnatural pace to :i* h\nds are n[ =c$ causes !m (t5 to ov]run ! sc5t aft] !y h got away2 !n1 :5 at fault1 ! entire ruck ( ! field h an opportunity ( com+ up1 to be1 ( c\rse1 once m di/anc$1 at ! repeat$ sacrifice ( ! s\nd pr9ciples ( hunt+1 & to ! disadvantage ( ! true bre$ ( hunt]s4 ,if bre$]s ( horses w\ld give _! full att5tion to ! pursuit1 !re is no reason :y !y %\ld n be z successful 9 produc+ ! be/ description ( e class ( ?is animal1 z bre$]s ( %eep & cattle are 9 _! l9e4 ,by judici\s cross+1 animals c be secur$ ) any peculi> *>act]i/ics t may be desir$2 & = ! enc\ragem5t ( en]gy & ex]tion 9 ?is direction1 we may rem9d our read]s t !re is n[ s mu* competition = ! possession ( fir/-class horses1 t our ,cont95tal neighb\rs con/antly outbid u1 hav+ le>n$ to value !m ev5 m ?an we d :o h be5 suff]+ our be/ sires to be b\ght up & remov$ f _! native soil to improve ! =eign /ock4 ,x is n impossible t1 circum/ances hav+ direct$ s mu* att5tion to ?is subject1 good w 9 ?is z 9 _m o!r cases spr+ out ( evil1 & ! fo/]+ ( valuable bre$s ( horses w become a m widely-recognis$ s\rce ( emolum5t ?an x has be5 = _m ye>s pa/1 rega9+1 likewise1 its prop] /&+ among ,britons z a matt] ( deep national int]e/ & importance4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,diseases4 ,:5 ,i _h ne>ly complet$ ?is little manual1 *ance plac$ 9 my way a valuable "w call$ ! #8,illu/rat$ ,horse-,doctor1' by ,edw>d ,mayhew1 ,m4,r4,c4,v4,s41 :i* has borne me out 9 _m ( my op9ions reg>d+ v>i\s diseases1 & giv5 me "s useful elucidation z to ! late/ approv$ treatm5t ( "s ailm5ts4 ,i w\ld /r5u\sly recomm5d ! "w = its simplicity & usefulness to c\ntry g5tlem5 & o!r own]s ( valuable horses :o c af=d to pur*ase x2 !y w\ld d]ive great assi/ance f x1 n only z f> z reg>ds ! writt5 matt]1 b also f ! spirit$ & v *>act]i/ic illu/rations1 exemplify+ m cle>ly ?an any description possibly c d1 matt]s connect$ ) ! treatm5t ( horses "u disease4 ,z to ?is little "w1 any rem$y h]e9 advis$ to be us$1 )\t ref]5ce to compet5t au?orities1 is practical & may be dep5d$ on1 ?\gh int5d$ to be h>mless 9 any ev5t4 ,h[ev]1 e "o mu/ be aw>e t doctors w diff]1 & "s :o are critics may h pet !ories ( _! own1 :i* !y might "h & !re pref] to p>ts ( ! practice "h recomm5d$4 ,x may be borne 9 m9d1 nev]!less1 t diseases1 l politics1 ) "t & occasion are liable to *ange _! "*4 ,_m diseases are f> m easily prev5t$ ?an cur$2 & ,i mu/1 9 ! v fir/ in/ance1 prote/ aga9/ ! unnatural & injuri\s w>m? by heat$ f\l air1 s mu* advocat$ by grooms1 z a means ( giv+ condition1 to produce :i*1 food1 "w1 & air are ! safe & natural ag5ts4 ,:]ev] a means ( avoid+ any disease h]e9 t\*$ ^u has sugge/$ itself1 x is prom95tly set =?1 9 j appreciation ( ! gold5 rule1 t 8prev5tion is bett] ?an cure40 ,,op]ations4 ,z all pa9ful op]ations c n[ be p]=m$ "u ! influ5ce ( *lor(orm1 ! lea/ comp5sation an own] c make to 8 poor bea/ = ! tortures he is put to1 9 ord] to enhance 8 value & usefulness to 8 ma/]1 is to lay an injunction on ! pr(essional att5dant to make use ( ?is m]ciful provision1 9 cases :]e sev]e pa9 mu/ o!rwise be inflict$ on ! animal4 ,r>ey's me?od ( ca/+ = op]ations1 or :5 a horse is s extremely unruly z to require to be ?r[n d[n1 may be ?us quot$ f 8 own directions3-- 8,ev]y?+ t we want to tea* a horse mu/ be comm5c$ 9 "s way to give him an idea ( :at y want him to d1 & !n be repeat$ till he le>ns p]fectly4 8,to make a horse lie d[n1 b5d 8 left =e-leg & slip a loop ov] x1 s t he _c get x d[n4 ,!n put a surc+le r\nd 8 body1 & fa/5 "o end ( a long /rap ar\nd ! o!r =e-leg1 j above ! ho(4 ,place ! o!r end "u ! surc+le s z to keep ! /rap 9 ! "r direction2 take a %ort hold ( x ) y\r "r h&2 /& on ! left side ( ! horse2 grasp ! bit 9 y\r left h&2 pull /eadily on ! /rap ) y\r "r2 be> aga9/ 8 %\ld] till y cause him to move4 ,z soon z he lifts 8 weight1 y\r pull+ w raise ! o!r foot1 & he w h to come on 8 knees4 8,keep ! /rap tight 9 y\r h&1 s t he _c /raight5 8 leg if he rises up4 ,hold him 9 ?is position1 & turn 8 head t[>ds y2 be> aga9/ 8 side ) y\r %\ld]1 n h>d1 b ) a /eady equal pressure1 & 9 ab\t t5 m9utes he w be d[n4 ,z soon z he lies d[n he w be completely conqu]$1 & y c h&le him at y\r pleasure4 8,take (f ! /raps & /raight5 out 8 legs2 rub him lightly ab\t ! face & neck ) y\r h& ! way ! hair lies2 h&le all 8 legs1 & aft] he has la9 t5 or tw5ty m9utes let him get up aga94 ,aft] re/+ him a %ort "t make him lie d[n & get up z be=e4 ,repeat ! op]ation ?ree or f\r times1 :i* w be suffici5t = "o lesson4 8,give him two lessons a-day3 & :5 y h giv5 him f\r lessons he w lie d[n by tak+ hold ( "o foot4 ,z soon z he is well brok5 to lie d[n 9 ?is way1 tap him on ! opposite leg ) a /ick :5 y take hold ( 8 foot1 & 9 a few days he w lie d[n f ! m]e motion ( ! /ick40 ,= ! purpose ( h&l+ horses m easily )\t ca/+ !m1 :5 slight op]ations h to be p]=m$1 a twit* is us$1 made by #g or #h in*es ( cord =m$ into a noose1 :i* is atta*$ to ab\t #b feet ( a /rong /ick4 ,! noose is plac$ on ! upp] lip ( ! horse1 & by turn+ ! /ick r\nd & r\nd1 x is tight5$4 ,! pa9 ?us occasion$ to ! animal subdues him to be> almo/ any?+1 & he c ?us be subject$ to m9or op]ations :ile /&+1 b x is also z well to place a clo? ov] 8 eyes to prev5t 8 be+ too well in=m$ ( :at is go+ on1--a precaution :i* may be us$ ) advantage "u v>i\s o!r circum/ances1 su* z measur+ ! height1 :5 ! sight ( ! size-measure z plac$ aga9/ 8 %\ld] might al>m him2--9 fact1 ^u any occasion :5 x maybe desirable t a horse %\ld n be aw>e ( :at is pass+ ar\nd him2 = in/ance1 if he is unwill+ to g on bo>d %ip or into a horse-van4 ,,to ,,give ,a ,,ball4 ,turn ! animal r\nd 9 ! /all s z to h 8 head to ! light1 mak+ ! lea/ possible fuss or noise4 ,/& on a /ool on ! (f side1 &1 g5tly putt+ y\r h& 9 ! m\?1 draw ! tongue a little out2 place ! f+]s ( ! left h& ov] x1 & keep x firmly 9 ?is position by pressure aga9/ ! jaw--n hold+ ! tongue by itself1 z a re/less horse1 by sudd5ly draw+ back or sideways :ile 8 tongue is tightly held1 may s]i\sly injure himself4 ,! ball1 hav+ be5 oil$ to cause x to pass easily1 is to be tak5 betwe5 ! tips ( ! f+]s ( ! "r h&1 & !n1 mak+ ! h& z small z possible1 pass ! ball up ! m\? by ! ro( to avoid injury f ! tee?4 ,directly ! ball is l&$ well up on ! root ( ! tongue1 take away t h&1 & z soon z x is out ( ! m\?1 let ! left h& release ! tongue1 :i*1 9 ! act ( be+ drawn to its prop] place1 w help ! ball d[n4 ,an assi/ant /&+ at ! ne> side may be useful to h& ! ball to ! op]ator1 & to g5tly keep ! jaws op5 :ile ! ball is be+ giv54 ,h a w>m dr9k ready to give imm$iately aft] ! ball is tak54 ,x may be rem>k$ t 9 rac+ /ables1 :]e su* ?+s are g5]ally well done1 "y & small boys w1 q alone1 coolly take spirit$1 & (t5 vici\s animals1 & 9 ! mo/ g5tle mann] adm9i/] ! ball1 unsuspect$ by ! bea/ himself1 :o is h>dly made aw>e ( ! op]ation he is und]go+4 ,to give a ,dr5*4--,turn ! animal r\nd 9 8 /all z 9 adm9i/]+ a ball4 ,use a c['s horn1 ! wide end hav+ be5 clos$ up by a t9man4 ,p\r 9 ! liquid at ! n>r[ end1 ! m\? ( :i* %\ld be an in* 9 diamet]4 ,! op]ator1 /&+ on ! (f side1 %\ld h an assi/ant2 bo? %\ld be tall1 or make !mselves s by /&+ on firm /ools or a =m4 ,! assi/ant mu/ raise ! horse's head till 8 m\? is above ! level ( 8 =ehead1 & keep x 9 t elevat$ position /eadily :ile ! dr5* is adm9i/]$--su* position be+ necess>y to facilitate ! passage ( ! liquid d[n ! ?roat by its own gravity1 ! tongue n be+ "h an available ag5t1 z ) ! ball4 ,! op]ator1 tak+ ! wide end ( ! horn 9 8 "r h&1 c /eady & assi/ himself by hold+ ! upp] jaw ) 8 left1 &1 leav+ ! tongue at lib]ty1 w dis*>ge ! dr5* f ! horn bel[ ! root ( ! tongue if possible4 ,a prop] dr5*+-horn %\ld be always kept at h&1 & be well clean$ aft] use4 ,a glass bottle %\ld nev] on any acc\nt be sub/itut$ = ! prop] in/rum5t4 ,,purg+4 ,:5ev] an animal accu/om$ to high fe$+ & h>d "w is f any cause laid by1 x is mo/ desirable 79 pursuance ( ! gold5 rule t prev5tion is bett] ?an cure7 to take su* opportunity to relax ! hi!rto tightly-/rung b[1 by adm9i/]+ a mild purge4 ,! object ( ?is precaution is1 t ! absorb5ts1 hav+ be5 accu/om$ to a p]petual call z ! result ( p]spiration induc$ by "w1 are liable1 :5 ! bea/ is left at re/ = sev]al days1 & ?is call is ?us discont9u$1 to take on unheal?y action1 & eng5d] diseases1 ! mo/ fatal ( :i* is t sc\rge 8,f>cy40 ,h[ _m a f9e horse1 to all appe>ance 9 ! be/ condition1 h ,i se5 /rick5 ) ?is fell malady1 f no o!r acc\ntable cause ?an t :i* x is h]eby propos$ to gu>d aga9/2 besides1 e "o kn[s t any animal kept at re/ & f$ up is m pr$ispos$ to all k9ds ( inflammatory attacks1 & :5 ?us visit$ ! sy/em m readily succumbs4 ,m ?an ?is1 e practical man is aw>e t an occasional aloetic purge improves ! heal?1 condition1 & vig\r ( a horse4 ,x seems z if ! aloes act$ z a p[]ful tonic & r5ovator z well z purge4 ,:at tra9] w ?9k ( putt+ a lu/y or ill-condition$ animal into 8fettle0 )\t employ+ ?is purge z a p>tial means8 ,x is v dang]\s to give a purg+ m$ic9e to a horse )\t fir/ prep>+ ! b[els by relax+ !m mod]ately ) bran ma%es4 ,?is is be/ done by giv+ ab\t ?ree or f\r sloppy ma%es1 ?ree 9 ! c\rse ( ! day prec$+ ! adm9i/ration ( ! purge 7r$uc+ ! quantity ( hay to "o-?ird ! usual am\nt71 & "o ! fir/ ?+ next morn+1 no wat] or hay be+ giv5 be=eh& t day2 ab\t two or ?ree h\rs aft] ! ma%1 adm9i/] ! purge1 giv+ j be=e & aft] x z mu* w>m wat] z ! bea/ w dr9k4 ,no hay %\ld be all[$ ?is day or night1 b z _m sloppy ma%es z w be accept$ %\ld be giv54 ,give two h\rs' brisk walk+ ex]cise 9 clo!s ab\t six or eight h\rs aft] ! adm9i/ration ( ! purge1 & next morn+1 aft] a ma% & wat]+ 7always ) w>m wat]71 two m h\rs ( ! same ex]cise 9 clo!s2 b be c>eful n to sweat ! horse4--,see page #aee4 ,if ! evacuations be fully free1 less ex]cise is necess>y2 o!rwise1 9 a c\ple ( h\rs repeat ! walk+ at a brisk pace4 ,:5 ! desir$ effect ( ! m$ic9e has be5 satisfactorily produc$1 hay & corn may be gradually resort$ to4 ,:ile an animal is "u ! op]ation ( purgative m$ic9e ! wat] & ma%es %\ld be w>m$1 & ! body well protect$ f cold by clo?+ & ! exclusion ( draughts4 ,! ord9>y purge1 consi/+ ( ,b>badoes aloes #d dra*ms1 extract g5tian #b dra*ms1 is mix$ into a mass by any *emi/4 ,) "s delicate horses1 subject to loos5ess1 ?is purge may be too /rong1 & %\ld be r$uc$ by a dra*m ( aloes & half a dra*m ( g5tian4 ,on ! contr>y1 ) l>ge horses ( a full habit1 #e dra*ms ( ,b>badoes aloes1 or ev5 m1 may be necess>y1 ) #b dra*ms ( g5tian4 ,9 all cases :]e !re is reason to suppose t ! muc\s surfaces ( ! alim5t>y canal may be 9 a /ate ( irritation1 x is mu* saf] to give l9se$-oil1 say a p9t at a "t1 to :i* may be add$1 if spe$y purg+ be ess5tial1 tw5ty drops ( croton oil4 ,! use ( old dry hay w be f\nd ! mo/ simple & ready prim>y res\rce to /op purg+ & /eady ! action ( ! b[els1 & a v little bruis$ oats may also be giv5 9 su* cases4 ,%\ld ! purge appe> to gripe1 copi\s cly/]s ( w>m wat] w af=d relief4 ,,! ,,pulse is easily f\nd by plac+ ! two =ef+]s "u ! middle ( ! horse's j[l or *eek-bone4 ,! novice c feel ab\t "h till he discov]s pulsation1 & hav+ once made himself acqua9t$ ) its seat1 he w be ! bett] able to judge ( a horse :5 app>5tly out ( sorts4 ,inside ! =e>m1 & 9 o!r spots1 ! pulse is equally sup]ficial1 b "u ! edge ( ! *eek-bone is ! mo/ conv5i5t place to f9d x1 or at ! temple4 ,a horse's pulse 9 heal? beats f ab\t #cb to #ch a m9ute--! small] ! animal ! fa/] ! circulation w be4 ,9 bra9 affections ! pulse is sl[] ?an natural1 x is quicke/ 9 inflammation ( ! s]\s & fibr\s membranes--mu* sl[] 9 ! muc\s ones4 ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,head ,,& ,,respiratory ,,organs4 ,gl&]s4--,z !re is really no cure = ?is horrible disease1 ,i w n attempt any diss]tation ^u x1 b1 m]ely ref]r+ to ! rem>ks ^u nasal gleet1 page #aaf1 advise all1 :5ev] !y h ! lea/ suspicion ab\t ! latt]1 to consult a vet]9>y surgeon imm$iately4 ,! only prev5tive aga9/ ! disease is to keep & "w y\r horses 9 a reasonable mann]1 give !m pl5ty ( pure air at all times1 & to gu>d !m z c>efully z possible f contagion4 ,sore ,eyes %\ld be treat$ mildly by /up+ ) tepid wat]1 & ! use ( laxatives1 z ma%es1 gre5 food1 or a mild purge1 accord+ to ! sev]ity ( ! case4 ,keep 9 d>kness4 ,if ! affection is acute1 consult a pr(essional vet]9>y surgeon4 ,common ,cold & ,influ5za4--,x %\ld be rememb]$ t cold air seldom gives cold1 b r its action ^u ! exhal5t vessels ( ! sk9 :5 !y are "u ! process ( sweat1 & :5 ! ex]cise t produc$ ! latt] has ceas$4 ,! sup]ficial action ( a l[ temp]ature !n proves an a/r+5t1 clogg+ ! small exhal5t & exud+ vessels1 & by ! d]angem5t ( ! :ole animal sy/em1 imm$iately affects ! respiratory organs1 produc+ m or less fev]4 ,:5 disease is ?us contract$1 x is self-evid5t t ! be/ way to meet x is by =c+ ^! small vessels into exudation 7or sweat7 z rapidly z possible1 :i* may readily be done by ex]cise & clo?+ ^u ! v fir/ suspicion t a *ill has be5 tak51 & be=e ! animal is positively affect$4 ,once1 h[ev]1 t ! debility or fev]i% symptoms incid5tal to ! disease are manife/+ !mselves1 active b entirely diff]5t measures mu/ be resort$ to4 ,! premonitory symptoms ( cold1 & t sc\rge ( ! /ud1 influ5za1 are1 refusal ( corn1 />+ coat1 dull eyes1 at fir/ a ?9 & soon a purul5t dis*>ge f "o or bo? no/rils1 ) m or less c\gh2 pulse wir$1 sometimes v weak1 b if highly inflammatory symptoms be pres5t1 ?9 & rapid4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 if a pr(essional vet]9>y surgeon is procurable1 ! case %\ld be ref]r$ to him2 b r ?an suff] an ord9>y f>ri] to deal ) ! animal1 ,i w take ! lib]ty 9 ?is1 z 9 o!r cases1 to (f] simple rem$ies t c d no h>m1 & h 9 my own exp]i5ce be5 b5eficial4 ,ble$+ is admissible only 9 extreme cases1 & "u pr(essional advice1 at ! comm5cem5t ( an inflammatory attack1 9 affections ( ! bra91 or s]\s & fibr\s membranes--n 9 muc\s ones4 ,9 cases1 h[ev]1 ( sudd5 pulmon>y conge/ion1 or apoplexy ( ! lungs1 g5]al depletion is indicat$4 ,blood-lett+ %\ld nev] be _h rec\rse to 9 di/emp] or influ5za1#bh nei!r %\ld purg+ be ?\ght ( 9 su* cases1 z x l[]s ! sy/em1 :i*1 on ! contr>y1 requires all ! su/a9+ p[] possible4 ,give at once 9 ! mo/ invit+ small ma% ( bran1 or 9 ! =m ( a ball1-- #b dra*ms ( nitre2 giv+ little or no hay1 & no?+ b w>m ma%es ( bran or l9se$1 if !y w be tak54 ,if ! symptoms are urg5t1 give 9 a ball1-- #c dra*ms ( nitre1 ) #a dra*m ( camphor4 ,also well h&-rub1 ) a l9im5t compos$ ( equal p>ts spirits ( turp5t9e & oil mix$1 all "u ! w9dpipe1 ! gullet1 )9 ?ree in*es ( ! e>1 by ! p>otid gl&s1 & inside ! j[ls4 ,use ! l9im5t twice ! fir/ day if ! symptoms are sev]e1 & once ea* day subsequ5tly--abat+ its use accord+ to ! disappe>ance ( ! disease4 ,! horse %\ld be plac$ if possible 9 a loose-box1 & be+ kept w>m ) pl5ty ( %eets1 hoods1 & b&ages1 ! door & w9d[ ( 8 /able %\ld be ?r[n op5 dur+ a consid]able portion ( ! w>m] "p ( ! day1 to give him pl5ty ( fre% pure air4 ,! head %\ld be kept z p5dant z possible1 9 ord] to induce ! ?r[+ ( ! nasal dis*>ge1 :i* w be fur!r assi/$ by /eam+ ! no/rils1 us+ a v l>ge nose-bag 7if possible ( hairclo?71 half-fill$ ) common yell[ deal sawdu/1 hav+ an ounce ( spirits ( turp5t9e well mix$ ?r\gh x2 or bett]1 hot bran ma%es1 ( :i* ! poor bea/ may be tempt$ to pick a little :5 fir/ appli$4 ,ei!r application mu/ be kept at a high temp]ature by ! frequ5t addition ( hot wat]4 ,! nose-bag mu/ be us$ sev]al times a day--kept on = tw5ty m9utes at a "t1 & nev] suff]$ to rema9 on ! animal till its cont5ts 7:i* %\ld ( c\rse be frequ5tly *ang$7 become cold or (f5sive4 ,or ! no/rils may be /eam$ z well1 9 a m simple way1 ?us3--,fill a bucket full ( hay1 /amp x d[n ) ! foot1 p\r boil+ wat] ^u x1 r5ew ! boil+ wat] e t5 m9utes4 ,let a man hold ! horse's head 9 ! bucket ov] ! /eam = ab\t half an h\r at a "t1 ?ree or f\r times a day4 ,z recov]y progresses1 gradually resume ord9>y fe$+--rememb]+ t 9 ?is1 z 9 all cases ( illness :]e ! con/itution has be5 debilitat$1 x has to be c>efully rebuilt by food & suitable ex]cise to fit ! animal = "w4 ,x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t respiratory diseases appe> to be v contagi\s1 = :i* reason1 if = no o!r1 ! pati5t on ! fir/ outbreak ( di/emp] %\ld be remov$ away f ! re/ ( ! /ud to a loose-box1 if practicable2 ! /all he leaves %\ld be cleans$1 & all 8 ut5sils kept rigidly sep>ate4 ,:ite-wa% & *loride ( lime are useful & simple z dis9fectants4 ,?is disease is m easily prev5t$ ?an cur$1 & horse-own]s d well to avoid leav+ an animal :5 heat$1 or aft] ex]cise1 /&+ unclo!d 9 ! cold or 9 a *illy draught4 ,also be c>eful ab\t transf]r+ a horse sudd5ly f total exposure at grass1 or f a heal?y airy /able to an ill-v5tilat$ & cr[d$ "o4 ,?\gh influ5za or di/emp] are (t5 consid]$ to be epidemic1 contagion %\ld be1 z be=e obs]v$1 mo/ c>efully gu>d$ aga9/4 ,"s pr(essional m5 hold ^! two designations to repres5t di/9ct diseases4 ,9 influ5za ! animal becomes spe$ily att5uat$1 & ! :ole sy/em appe>s disord]$ & debilitat$1 occasionally ) lam5ess1 z if f fev] ( ! feet4 ,!re is g5]ally "o m>k :i* may be p]mitt$ to be peculi> z di/+ui%+ "s =ms ( influ5za1 p>ticul>ly 9 c]ta9 seasons dur+ its preval5ce1 :i* is t ( ! muc\s surfaces assum+ a yell[ col\r all ov] ! body1 & ! :ite ( ! eye be+ also t+$ ) t hue4 ,:5 influ5za assumes a s]i\s "*1 ! pr(essional man mu/ be left to deal ) x2 b p5d+ ! arrival ( su* assi/ance1 ! treatm5t "h recomm5d$ c d no h>m1 ! prim>y seat ( ! disease be+ t ( ! respiratory organ4 ,l>yngitis1 ,bron*itis1 ,pleurisy4--,i w n attempt to ent] into descriptions or prescribe sep>ate modes ( treatm5t = ^! & o!r diseases ( ! respiratory organs1 su* delicate di/9ctions belong+ exclusively to ! pr(essional man2 b :ile await+ 8 advice1 ! treatm5t recomm5d$ = common cold & influ5za c d no h>m 9 any attacks ( ! upp] air-passages2 & :5 ! lungs or cavity ( ! *e/ appe> to be affect$1 t advis$ z foll[s = inflammation ( ! lungs is equally h>mless3-- ,inflammation ( ! ,lungs or ,pneumonia is indicat$ by great pro/ration & high fev]1 heav+ ( ! flanks 7an evid5ce ( great int]nal angui%72 ! legs are spread out to _! fulle/ ext5t1 z if to prop up ! body & prev5t x f fall+2 ! brea?+ is difficult1 & respiration quick2 extremities cold2 pulse quick & h>d1 l wire to ! t\*2 a look ( pa9 & wret*$ness m>ks ! c\nt5ance4#bi ,su* symptoms c be safely treat$ by a pr(essional man only2 b if 8 s]vices _c possibly be procur$1 rub 9 a p[]ful mu/>d p\ltice ov] ! lungs1 ! seat ( :i* ,i _c bett] describe to ! un9itiat$ ?an z situat$ b5ea? t portion ( a horse's surface :i* w\ld be cov]$ by a saddle if plac$ on 8 belly directly und]nea? ! situation x w\ld h occupi$ on 8 back1 ! pommel be+ close to ! =e legs1 omitt+ to bli/] ! portion ( ! belly :i* w\ld be cov]$ by ! cantel ( ! saddle :5 rev]s$1 b cont9u+ ! bli/] betwe5 ! =e legs to ! front ( ! *e/4 ,! hair ne$ n be clipp$ (f be=e ! application ( ?is p\ltice4 ,give e six h\rs1 till ! arrival ( ! vet]9>y surgeon1 f #cj to #dj gra9s ( ord9>y grey p[d] mix$ & adm9i/]$ 9 ! =m ( a ball4#cj ,or1 9 place ( grey p[d]1 give ,flem+'s t9cture ( aconite1 eight drops e h\r 9 half a p9t ( cold wat]1 until ! arrival ( a vet]9>y surgeon4 ,let ! animal h an additional quantity ( ! pure/ air1 ) an increas$ supply ( clo?+1 & 9 cold wea!r ! temp]ature %\ld be slightly mod]at$4 ,! symptoms ( recov]y are d5ot$ by gradual cessation ( heav+ at ! flanks2 ! extremities gett+ w>m]2 ! pulse less quick--s(t] to feel2 & ! animal appe>+ m lively4 ,8 /r5g? mu/ be kept up aft] ! fir/ day or two by dr5*es ( gruel1 till ma%es w be accept$4 ,c\gh1 z be=e obs]v$1 g5]ally accompanies influ5za1 di/emp]1 & common cold1 b !re are in/ances :]e c\gh may be pres5t ) little or no fev] or o!r d]angem5t1 9 :i* case *ange ( food f corn to bran or l9se$ ma%es1 ) a limit$ all[ance ( wett$ hay or *aff1 may be suffici5t to cure4 ,z a rule1 grooms %\ld und]/& t :5 c\gh+ is he>d1 !y are to give bran or l9se$ ma%es till fur!r ord]s2 nor %\ld an animal suff]+ f c\gh be expect$ to d any b v light "w or ex]cise 7e c>e be+ tak5 to avoid 8 be+ *ill$71 bran ma%es n af=d+ suffici5t su/5ance to d heavy "w ^u4 ,no p]son or own] %\ld be satisfi$ ) ! /ate ( 8 horses' heal? :ile !y c\gh4 ,l9se$ ma%es daily 7page #bc7 w be f\nd excell5t to ease & cure c\gh1 also c>rots & gre5 food2 b :5 ! c\gh is accompani$ by fev]1 or o!r symptoms ( ailm5t1 treat z = influ5za1 di/emp]1 cold1 or sore ?roat1 z ! indications ( d]angem5t may direct y4 ,nasal ,gleet may possibly be occasion$ by protract$ irritation ( diseas$ mol> tee?2 b if p]si/5t1 especially ( a ?91 i*or\s1 glairy1 or size-l "*1 & conf9$ to "o no/ril1 g5]ally ! left1 ! gl&s "u ! jaw be+ swoll5 & t5d]1 ! ,s*neid]ian membrane or muc\s l9+ ( ! nose hav+ a dull1 pale1 or lead5 hue1 x %\ld be look$ on ) suspicion1 p>ticul>ly if conf9$ to "o no/ril1 & m s if ! dis*>ge adh]e r\nd ! rim ( x4 ,c\gh is seldom pres5t ) gl&]s4 ,9 su* cases consult a vet]9>y surgeon )\t a mom5t's delay1 & be c>eful to prev5t any "p ( y\r own body1 or t ( any o!r p]son1 com+ 9 contact ) su* a dis*>ge4 ,x is v probably incipi5t gl&]s ( ! mo/ insidi\s & dang]\s "*4 ,to m cle>ly di/+ui% ! dang]\s f ! h>mless gleet1 x may be rem>k$ t :5 ! dis*>ge is ?ick & purul5t1 yell[1 & 9 full fl[1 & )\t a disposition to adh]e to ! no/ril1 ?\gh ! mo/ al>m+ 9 appe>ance1 x is lea/ to be appreh5d$1 proce$+ naturally f a heavy cold 9 ! head1 :i*1 h[ev]1 %\ld ( c\rse meet ) imm$iate att5tion4--7,see 8,cold1 ,influ5za10 page #aaj47 ,= ! prev5tion ( nasal gleet1 obs]ve ! same precautions z ^? recomm5d$ aga9/ cold1 c4 7page #aji71 & keep y\r horses z mu* z possible to !mselves4 ,9 travell+1 horses run great risks1 &1 ( c\rse1 su* diseases are less likely to be contract$ 9 fir/-class ho/elries ?an 9 inf]ior & hack /abl+4 ,poll-,evil is g5]ally occasion$ by a bruise on ! head1 beh9d ! e>s1 ne> ! neck1 by pressure ( ! head-/all1 c4 7see 8,halt]+10 page #af71 :51 if great c>e be n ex]cis$ to cure ! sore promptly1 s9uses or cavities w =m1 eat+ away into ! m important p>ts ( ! adjac5t /ructure4 ,"h1 also1 unless an imm$iate cure be effect$ by ! means direct$ = ! treatm5t ( sores 7see 8,wat]-dress+10 page #afj1 & 8,z9c ,lotion10 page #aeh71 accompani$ ) ! removal ( ! head-/all or any aggravat+ pressure1 ! vet]9>y surgeon ought to be consult$ at once4 ,avoid+ ! causes w be ! be/ prev5tive ( ?is disease4 ,%iv]+ ,fits 9 g5]al prec$e or are ! comm5cem5t ( a fev]i% attack2 !re=e1 9 su* cases1 no heat+ food mu/ be all[$4 ,sub/itute hot ma%es1 increase ! clo?+1 & adm9i/] a febrifuge1 z nitre1 #b dra*ms1 repeat$ 9 two h\rs4 ,or1 if nitre 9 ! ma% w n be accept$1 give two ounces ( sweet spirits ( nitre 9 half a p9t ( cold wat]4 ,%iv]s 9 ! /able1 proce$+ f n]v\s s5sibility1 are frequ5tly ! result ( rec5t excitem5t1 caus$ by a b&1 an organ1 or o!r unusual noise1 or ev5 by ! sudd5 entrance ( ! bea/'s own att5dant1 ! b\nd+ ( a cat1 c4 ,/rangles g5]ally attacks "y horses ab\t ! age ( maturity1 or :5 fir/ /abl$4 ,debility gradually possesses !m2 ! ?roat1 & p>ticul>ly ! p>otid gl&s "u ! e>s1 are sore & swell$1 t5d+ to di/+ui% ?is disease f ord9>y cold & influ5za2 a dis*>ge f ! nose is also pres5t4 ,! soon] ! suppurative process c be induc$ 9 ! ?roat ! bett]4 ,= ?is purpose rub 9 turp5t9e & oil 7"o "p turp5t9e to two p>ts oil7 once or twice a-day1 :i*1 :5 ! sk9 becomes t5d]1 mu/ be c>efully done ) a sponge4 ,:5 ! suppuration is ripe1 a pr(essional man %\ld let x out ) a knife1 & recov]y spe$ily ensues4 ,z great debility is att5dant on ?is disease1 ! sy/em %\ld be kept up by bruis$ & scald$ corn1 & ! appetite tempt$ 9 e way by gre5 meats1 m9c$ c>rots1 c41 if requisite4 ,pl5ty ( air is also ess5tial4 ,x ought to be sup]flu\s to rem>k t "u su* circum/ances nei!r ble$+1 purg+1 nor r$uc+ means ( any k9d %\ld be adopt$1 ! b[els be+ m]ely kept op5 by bran & occasional l9se$ ma%es1 :i* w assi/ ! muc\s surfaces4 ,! *ill to be tak5 (f ! dr9k4 ,sor5ess ( ! ,?roat frequ5tly accompanies di/emp] or cold1 & is indicat$ by want ( appetite1 con/ant endeav\r to swall[ ! saliva1 difficulty 9 imbib+ liquids1 :i*1 in/ead ( go+ d[n ! ?roat1 appe> to be return$ ?r\gh ! no/rils1 noisy gulp+1 c4 ,rub ! ?roat at once ) a mixture ( equal p>ts turp5t9e & oil1 & keep up ! irritation on ! sk94 ,adm9i/] #b dra*ms ( nitre once or twice ! fir/ tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 ! animal be+1 ( c\rse1 laid by f all "w1 & plac$ 9 a loose-box2 let him be f$ on bran & l9se$ ma%es1 & giv5 gre5 food1 c>rots1 & any?+ t w tempt 8 appetite4 ,avoid purg+1 ble$+1 or any?+ t w l[] ! sy/em--a rule to be mo/ p>ticul>ly obs]v$ 9 all diseases ( ! respiratory organs1 unless sev]e inflammation be pres5t1 :5 a pr(essional man only c judge to :at ext5t ! l[]+ process may be necess>y4 ,brok5 ,w9d is caus$ by a l>ge numb] ( ! air-cells ( ! lungs becom+ fus$1 z x 71 into "o l>ge air-cell1 ?us dim9i%+ ! arat+ surface1 & r5d]+ ! lungs weak]4 ,x is indicat$ by a sudd5 inspiration & a long1 almo/ d\ble1 expiration2 ! flanks & abdom5 are obs]v$ to sudd5ly fall d[n1 in/ead ( be+ gradually exp&$4 ,brok5 w9d is1 9 fact1 emphysema ( ! lung1 & !re is said to be no absolute cure = x2 b x may be alleviat$ by re/rict+ ! animal 9 hay & wat]1 & giv+ ! latt] only 9 small quantities1 n m ?an half-a-p9t at a "t1 & moi/5+ all food4 ,take c>e he does n eat 8 b$1 :i* he w make e ef=t to d4 ,he %\ld h no /raw ab\t him 9 ! day1 & be muzzl$ at night4 ,lampas does n belong prop]ly to ^! diseases1 indicat+ "s d]angem5t 9 ! alim5t>y canal1 b is "h m5tion$ to gu>d aga9/ a brutal practice commonly resort$ to by f>ri]s z a cure = ! disord]4 ,! groom compla9s t 8 *>ge is 8(f 8 fe$10 & fancies t ! palate is swoll5 m ?an usual--! fact be+ t he nev] exam9$ x at any o!r "t2 & ! f>ri] proce$s to cure ! rejection ( food by se>+ ! poor bea/'s m\? ) a r$-hot iron1 or sc>ify+ x ) a knife4 ,! reasonable treatm5t ( an ailm5t proce$+ f heat or disord] ( ! /oma* w be to )hold all heat+ food1 at all ev5ts to a great ext5t1 giv+ occasional ma%es1 also tonics & alt]atives1 ! latt] to ^? ( full habit1 ! =m] 9 cases ( evid5t debility4 ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,dige/ive ,,& ,,ur9>y ,,organs4 ,di>rha & ,dys5t]y4--,! fir/ 7di>rha1 or m]e loos5ess7 is1 9 ! horse1 seldom m ?an a tempor>y debility4 ,9 _m cases x is an ef=t ( nature to relieve h]self1 & w probably effect its own cure4 ,! symptoms require no def9ition1 except t x may be rem>k$ t !y are almo/ inv>iably unaccompani$ by pa9 or any o!r inconv5i5ce4 ,re/1 & ! use ( m a/r+5t food1 & leav+ a piece ( *alk 9 ! mang] 7:i*1 ) horses subject to di>rha1 %\ld nev] be abs5t71 w 9 all probability arre/ ! attack1 :i* may1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 proce$ f a pr$isposition to acidity4 ,animals dispos$ to ?is disease %\ld be f$ on a dri] description ( food4 ,dys5t]y is1 on ! contr>y1 a highly dang]\s illness1 accompani$ ) pa94 ,x mo/ly comm5ces ) excessive purgation1 ! evacuations be+ m]e f\l wat] 9 appe>ance1 & /9k+4 ,! bea/ w dr9k gre$ily2 ! pulse is weak2 great angui% ( body p]ceptible1 ! p]spiration break+ out 9 pat*es4 ,on ! fir/ appe>ance ( su* dang]\s symptoms1 procure ! assi/ance ( a pr(essional man2 b 9 ! int]val ! foll[+ dr5* may be giv53-- ,laudanum1 #a oz4 ,mix4 ,p[d]$ *alk1 oz4 or1 ,cate*u1 p[d]$1 #a dra*m4 ,mix4 ,*alk1 oz4 or1 ,sulphuric e!r & laudanum1 ( ea* "o ounce4 ,also injections ( cold l9se$-tea4 ,! dose may be repeat$ 9 ?ree or f\r h\rs1 if m$ical assi/ance does n arrive4 ,z great c>e is necess>y 9 ! diet1 z well z g5]al treatm5t1 aft] p>tial recov]y1 ev]y?+ %\ld be done "u pr(essional advice4 ,an attack ( dys5t]y is v likely to be caus$ by ! exi/5ce ( "s acrid matt] 9 ! inte/9es1 or by an ov]dose1 or too con/ant use1 ( aloes4 ,z ) di>rha1 horses pr$ispos$ to dys5t]y ought always to h a lump ( *alk 9 ! mang]1 & con/ant or ov]-doses ( aloes %\ld be avoid$4 ,,colic ,,& ,,gripes4 ,z ^! diseases are sudd51 & require prompt treatm5t1 x is well to h "s idea ( ! k9d ( rem$y to be employ$1 p5d+ ! arrival ( ! vet]9>y surgeon4 ,"s animals are peculi>ly subject to !m1 f a susceptible /ate ( ! alim5t>y canal4 ,cold wat]1 tak5 on an empty /oma*1 or :5 a bea/ is heat$1 w cause ! malady4 ,! symptoms are di/ress1 ev9c$ by paw+1 lift+ ( ! =e & h9d feet t[>ds ! /oma*1 ! head be+ turn$ t[>ds ! sides1 ) a look ( angui%2 a cold sweat w sometimes b$ew ! body4 ,a desire to lie d[n may be exhibit$1 & :5 on ! gr\nd ! animal rolls ab\t 9 evid5t agony4 ,! upp] lip is /ra9$ upw>ds f ! tee?1 almo/ clos+ ! no/rils1 & ! pulse indicates d]angem5t ( ! sy/em4 ,:5 ! true "* ( ! ailm5t has be5 asc]ta9$1 x is well to inquire z to ! "* ( ! evacuations4 ,if !y are 9 a lax /ate1 & a cause = ! same c be discov]$1 ( c\rse discont9ue x1 & use a/r+5t cly/]s = ! b[els 7page #aei74 ,if !re be reason to appreh5d t "s (f5d+ matt] is reta9$ 9 ! alim5t>y canal1 use emolli5t laxatives & cly/]s 7pages #aeh & #aei74 ,b if any?+ l co/iv5ess is pres5t1 & o!r rem$ies fail1 rec\rse mu/ be _h to t ( 8back-rak+10 a process :i* ne$ n be "h expla9$1 be+ well kn[n to e exp]i5c$ groom1 any "o ( :om may safely be intru/$ ) ! op]ation1 ! only necess>y precaution be+ to h r a small h& us$1 & t well lubricat$ ) l>d or oil4 ,let all ! fcal matt] t c be rea*$ be c>efully extract$4 ,aft]w>ds a w>m enema1 compos$ ( "o p9t ( turp5t9e mix$ 9 two qu>ts ( hot soap-suds1 & a soo?+ dr5* ( #a oz4 sulphuric e!r1 #a oz4 laudanum1 #a p9t oil1 w be f\nd efficaci\s4 ,9 ! e>ly /ages1 8gripes10 z !y are call$1 may be cur$ by simply 8back-rak+10 foll[$ by a dr5* ( a bottle ( ale1 w>m$ & mix$ ) "o ounce ( p[d]$ g+]1 & a brisk trot 9 heavy clo?+4 ,"u highly inflammatory symptoms1 ! pr(essional man att5d+ w probably ble$4 ,to gu>d aga9/ colic1 avoid giv+ cold wat] :5 ! bea/ is heat$1 or on a fa/+ /oma*4 ,) horses subject to gripes ! wat] %\ld always be giv5 ) ! *ill (f1 if possible1 or j previ\s to a good groom+ or o!r g5tle ex]cise t5d+ to circulate int]nal w>m?4 ,nev] all[ any animal ! opportunity ( gorg+ himself ) any k9d ( food aft] ! /oma* has be5 weak5$ by extra-sev]e "w & long fa/+4 ,= co/iv5ess only give s(t bran or l9se$ ma%es1 or gre5 fe$+2 & see treatm5t = excessive or pa9ful co/iv5ess1 page #abb4 ,,diabetes1 or pr(use /al+1 is un=tunately a common disease1 & is g5]ally attribut$ to some?+ wrong 9 ! wat]1 b bad prov5d] may occasion x4 ,?ir/ is g5]ally v great4 ,give cate*u1 #b dra*ms at a "t1 two or ?ree times daily1 9 ma%es4 ,*ange ! food or wat]1 :i*ev] on exam9ation seems mo/ objectionable4 ,give no hay or grass1 b pl5ty ( l9se$ tea to dr9k2 give good bruis$ or scald$ oats1 ) a small quantity ( w>m bran mix$ 9 ea* fe$1 & leave a lump ( *alk 9 mang]3 or adm9i/] dilut$ phosphoric acid1 "o ounce to "o p9t lukew>m wat]1 twice daily1 till ! symptoms abate1 !n gradually r$uce ! dose4#ca ,a horse once f\nd to be subject to ?is disease %\ld be v c>efully f$ & wat]$4 ,,worms are indicat$ by a /ate ( ! coat call$ 8hide-b\nd0 & 8/>+10 ) loss ( condition & indisposition to "w2 by a slimy mucus cov]+ ! dung-balls2 also occasionally by ! adh]5ce ( ! p>asites r\nd ! anus1 & ?9 evacuation 9 ! fces4 ,!y cl+ s p]t9ace\sly to ! int]nals1 t !y w eat ?r\gh ! coat ( ! /oma*1 & are nev] likely to be remov$ by a s+le dose ( any m$ic9e4 ,_s ( turp5t9e is highly recomm5d$ z a cure1 b if giv5 x mu/ be dilut$ l>gely--"o "p turp5t9e to f\r p>ts oil4 ,practical exp]i5ce ( v>i\s rem$ies = worms ju/ifies me 9 recomm5d+ "o to two gra9s ( ars5ic & tw5ty gra9s ( kamela twice daily 7ea* dose mix$ 9 a h&ful ( wet bran1 & giv5 ) oats or o!r fe$+7 = eighte5 days1 & a purge ! n9ete5? morn+4 ,! horse may get mod]ate "w dur+ ! adm9i/ration ( ! p[d]s4 ,common salt is also consid]$ a good rem$y3 ab\t a tablespoonful daily mix$ ) ! food4 ,to gu>d aga9/ ^! pe/s1 avoid ! use ( ,egyptian beans2 b z 8bots0 are mo/ly tak5 9 at grass by ! animal lick+ (f & swall[+ _! l>v laid 9 ! hair ( ! legs1 x is almo/ impossible to exclude !m4 ,9 a few cases !y are br$ 9 ! int]nals )\t any acc\ntable cause1 & aga9/ ?is no precaution c avail4 ,liv] ,diseases1 or ! f>ri]s' 8,yell[s10 s call$ f ! fact t su* cases are m>k$ by ! eyelids1 l9+s ( ! nose1 & lips :5 turn$ up1 be+ f\nd to be t+$ m or less ) yell[4 ,"h m]cury mu/ be adm9i/]$1 & aid$ by subsequ5t purg+1 z is necess>y ) ! human subject4 ,?us1 give half a dra*m to a dra*m ( calomel mix$ 9 a little fl\r1 & put 9 a ma% ( bran "o ev5+1 & next morn+ foll[ x up ) ! aloes purge-ball 7page #ajh74 ,if ! 8yell[s0 be v m>k$1 ) o!r d]angem5t ( ! sy/em1 give = two days "o dra*m ( calomel daily 9 doses ( half a dra*m ea*1 mix$ 9 ma%es z describ$ above2 & aft] two dra*ms h be5 tak5 9 ?is way1 adm9i/] on ! ?ird morn+ ! aloetic purge4 ,inflammation ( ! ,kidneys & ,bladd]4--,) reg>d to int]nal inflammation aris+ f v>i\s causes1 ! symptoms ( di/ress be> a g5]al resemblance to ea* o!r3 legs spread out1 extremities cold1 brea?+ accel]at$1 & a look ( pa9 p]vad+ ! animal's :ole appe>ance1 except t 9 diseases ( ! ur9>y organs !re is g5]ally a /raddl+ gait2 & on obs]vance ( ! g5itals1 "s m>k$ action 9 ?is region on ! "p ( ! bea/ w be discov]$4 ,su* attacks c only be prop]ly treat$ by a pr(essional man1 !re=e lose no "t 9 procur+ 8 s]vices2 b1 9 ! mean:ile1 ,i %all obs]ve t inflammation ( ! kidneys is1 sad to say1 too common to admit ( its be+ pass$ by )\t (f]+ "s caution & advice reg>d+ x1 m = ! purpose ( prev5tion ?an cure4 ,disease ( ! kidneys is g5]ally br\ght on by ! misuse by grooms ( _! fav\rite diuretics2 a dose ( nitre to 8f9e 8 legs10 or 8bloom 8 coat10 or = any o!r purpose to save !mselves tr\ble1 is ! groom's specific = ! poor creatures "u _! c>e2 b s injuri\s are diuretics t ma/]s ought to make _! secret adm9i/ration1 z commonly practis$ by ! class ref]r$ to1 a case ( in/ant dismissal4 ,! kidneys ( ! horse are peculi>ly susceptible ( action2 s mu* s1 t purges frequ5tly1 9 place ( act+ z int5d$1 w take effect on !m4 ,x %\ld1 besides1 be borne 9 m9d t :ile ! kidneys are 9 artificial action & secret+ an extra quantity ( ur9e :i* is be+ pass$ away1 ! creature %\ld h ! same opportunity ( re/1 & z mu* consid]ation giv5 him1 z if he 7 9 a /ate ( purgation4 ,! secretion is blood 9 its *ang$ =m1 & is a s]i\s call on ! sy/em4 ,all ?is does n ent] into ! head ( an ignorant groom1 :o1 on ! contr>y1 w "w or treat ! poor suff]+ creature z if he 0 9 8 be/ vig\r4 ,inflammation ( ! kidneys is m>k$ by an appe>ance ( g5]al di/ress--h9d legs /raddl$1 ! backbone hogg$1 ur9e small 9 quantity1 t5d]ness ov] ! lo9s :5 press$4 ,if a practition] be n procurable1 imm$iately place w>m mu/>d p\ltices ov] ! lo9s1 & cov] !m ) %eepsk9s4 ,give half a dra*m extract ( belladonna ) half an ounce laudanum 9 a p9t ( l9se$ tea e f\r h\rs1 & inject con/antly ) w>m l9se$ tea4 ,inflammation ( ! ,bladd] pres5ts v simil> symptoms to t ( ! kidneys1 only t ! bladd] be+ f>!r away f ! backbone1 in/ead ( ! latt] be+ hogg$1 x is r depress$4 ,9 ?is case1 z 9 inflammation ( ! kidneys1 call 9 ! vet]9>y surgeon2 mean:ile give ! dr9k recomm5d$ = ! kidneys1 & ?\gh ! surgeon's decision is desirable ) reg>d to mu/>d bli/]+1 ! use ( ?is c\nt]-irritant %\ld n be too long delay$2 !re=e1 9 ! ev5t ( 8 non-arrival )9 an h\r or s1 apply mu/>d bli/] to ! /oma* f> back 7betwe5 ! flanks71 z be+ ne>e/ ! seat ( ?is disease4 ,,diseases ,,( ,,! ,,feet ,,& ,,legs4 ,once m ! old prov]b t 8prev5tion is bett] ?an cure0 des]ves to be dwelt ^u1 = v _m diseases "u ?is head c be prev5t$1 & v few c ev] be cur$4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! =e feet & hocks ( a horse are ! mo/ susceptible ( disease induc$ by we> & te>--! =e feet1 because ! great] "p ( ! weight ( ! animal is borne ^u !m2 & ! hocks beh9d1 because !y are ! propell+ p[]4 ,x is rem>kable 9 cases ( lam5ess1 t :5 ! disease is seat$ 9 ! feet1 ! lam5ess becomes tempor>ily aggravat$ on "w2 :]eas if x proce$ f disease 9 ! legs1 x becomes app>5tly less aft] ! limbs h be5 work$ a :ile4 ,) reg>d to animals keep+ _! condition :ile lab\r+ "u lam5ess1 exp]i5ce has taught me t horses lame 9 ! =e feet w1 if able to "w at all1 cont9ue to d s )\t app>5tly los+ condition f ! fret ( lam5ess2 b :5 ! h9d legs are ! seat ( disease1 ! condition evaporates v rapidly4 ,?is1 ,i imag9e1 is because an animal lame 9 ! =e feet w lie d[n & take m re/ ?an :5 s\nd2 :]eas if lame beh9d1 he w n take suffici5t re/1 z ris+ & ly+ d[n cause him pa92 h5ce he cont9ually /&s1 &1 ( c\rse1 aggravates ! disease4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--,section ( ,foot4 ,! foot is ?us sectionis$ & describ$ by ,delaw>e ,p4 ,ela9e1 ,esq43-- 8,on exam9+ a p]p5dicul> section ( ! foot & pa/]ns1 !re appe> ! c(f9-bone 7a71 ! navicul> or nut bone 7b71 ! coron>y or little pa/]n bone 7c71 ! l>ge pa/]n bone 7d71 ! back s9ew or great flexor t5don ( ! foot 7e71 ! same t5don slid+ ov] ! navicul> bone 7f71 its t]m9ation or ins]tion into ! bottom ( ! c(f9-bone 7g71 ! ela/ic matt] ( ! s5sible frog 7h71 ! ins5sible or horny frog 7i71 ! horny sole 7k71 :i* includes ! p>ts ( ! s5sible foot2 ! out] wall ( ! ho( 7l71 ! ela/ic processes 7m71 ! atta*m5t ( ! ext5sor t5don to ! c(f9-bone 7n71 & its atta*m5t to ! coron>y bone 7o71 :i* completes ! section4 8,! c(f9-bone 7a7 adapts itself to ! figure ( ! ho(1 or r is adapt$ by nature to ?is eligible =m4 ,! em95ce 9 its front receives ! ins]tion ( ! t5don ( ! great ext5sor muscle ( ! foot4 ,?is important muscle has its upp] atta*m5t to ! hum]us or arm-bone1 :]e x is pr9cipally fle%y2 b z x passes d[nw>ds x becomes t5d9\s1 exp&+ ov] e jo9t1 bo? to prev5t friction & to embrace & give firm atta*m5t to ea* bone ) its oppos$ bone1 by :i* a firm connection ( ! v>i\s p>ts is ma9ta9$1 & a simultane\s movem5t ( ! :ole limb is effect$4 ,9 ! h9d] limb ?is ext5sor t5don & its two less or t5d9\s adjuncts arise f ! tibia1 & 9 "p f ! femur1 b 9 _! orig9 are fle%y4 8,9 ! sides ( ! c(f9-bone are atta*$ lat]al c>tilages1 & ar\nd its surface are m>ks ( ! atta*m5t ( ! lam9at$ sub/ance4 8,! coron>y1 or small pa/]n bone 7c71 is se5 to re/ on ! c(f9-bone 7a71 ) :i* x articulates by its l[] end2 its po/]ior "p also may be se5 to be closely articulat$ bo? ) ! c(f9 & ) ! navicul> or nut bones 7f71 ^: atta*m5ts to !m are effect$ by ligam5ts ( great p[] & "s ela/icity4 ,nor is x possible to view ?is horny box & its cont5ts )\t be+ /ruck ) ! admirable display ( me*anism & contrivance :i* meets our eye4 ,we are apt to say1 #8z /rong z a horse1' & "s ( u use horses z ?\gh !y 7 made ( imp]i%able /uff2 b surely1 :5 we well consid] ! subject1 we %all see bo? ! necessity & ! morality ( us+ !m ) discretion40 ,?is description ( ! /ructure ( ! foot w probably bett] enable ! un9itiat$ to und]/& ! seat & nature ( v>i\s ailm5ts ( t "p ( ! horse :i* are "h t\*$ ^u4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,bla9e fur!r describes ! con/ruction ( ! ho( ?us3-- 8,! ho( itself is conical1 or r1 z ,cl>k obs]ves1 slightly truncat$1 & is a secretion z well f ! vascul> p>ts ( ! foot z f ! sk91 z our nails are =m$ f ! portion ( sk9 call$ quick4 ,! /ructure ( ! ho( is firm & fibr\s4 ,ext]nally x is plane & convex1 b int]nally concave & lam9at$4 ,! qu>t]s are ! lat]al p>ts4 ,z ! horn approa*es ! heels x becomes s(t & is reflect$ inw>ds4 ,! heels are p>t$ by ! horny frog 7b1 fig4 #c72 & )\t1 ! frog on ea* side ! ho( inflects its fibres to =m ! b>s :i* are se5 on ! "u surface 7c1 fig4 #d74 ,9 a heal?y foot1 fig4 #d1 ! heels are r\nd1 wide1 & smoo? 7a1 a71 ! frog fully exp&$1 ! b>s or b9d]s di/9ct 7c1 c71 no corns 9 ! usual angle 7d71 ! sole broad & concave 7d74 ,9 a diseas$ foot1 fig4 #c1 ! heels are high1 & drawn toge!r by contraction 7a1 a71 ! frog n>r[1 & fill$ ) fissures f contraction & ?ru% 7b71 corn frequ5tly pres5t 7d71 ! sole greatly %ort5$ 9 its transv]se diamet]1 :i* is morbidly c\nt]balanc$ by ! increas$ heights 9 ! truncat$ =m 7c74 ,:5 ! ho( is remov$1 ! s5sible or fle%y sole 7h1 section ( foot71 above :i* x imm$iately lies1 pres5ts itself1 cov]+ ! :ole ( ! horny sole1 except s mu* z is tak5 up by ! s5sible frog 7h74 ,?is "p is exquisitely s5sible & vascul>1 & ?us we le>n :y injuries to x f puncture produce su* s]i\s effect1 & :y v slight pressure f contraction ( ! ho( gives s mu* pa94 ,! s5sible frog & ! s5sible sole =m ! ins5sible frog & sole2 b :5 f pressure1 too mu* moi/ure1 or o!r causes1 ! s5sible frog1 in/ead ( =m+ horn1 secretes pus or matt] z 9 ?ru%1 ! /ructure ( ! :ole becomes injur$1 & ! frog1 ?us los+ its support1 gradually wa/es & decays4 ,x is !re=e evid5t t no ?ru% c be entirely h>mless1 z is errone\sly suppos$4 8,above ! s5sible frog is ! great flexor t5don1 or back s9ew1 ins]t+ itself into ! vault$ ar* ( ! c(f9 7a1 section ( foot74 ,?is important t5don1 aris+ f its p>5t muscle above ! knee1 ^: orig9 is tak5 f ! hum]us & ulna1 9 its passage unites ) an assi/ant flexor1 b :i* latt] is pr9cipally di/ribut$ to ! pa/]n bones1 :ile ! p]=ans1 s call$ because x is p]=at$ by ! assi/ant flexor t5don1 is ins]t$ into ! vault ( ! c(f92 9 ! po/]ior extremities ! atta*m5ts ( ^! two lead+ flexors & a small] lat]al "o are f ! femur & tibia4 8,! ,s5sible ,lam94--,ar\nd ! surface ( ! c(f9-bone1 x has be5 notic$ t !re are l9e> ind5tations to :i* ab\t five hundr$ fibro-c>tilag9\s leaves are atta*$4 ,ea* ( ^! is receiv$ betwe5 two ( ! horny lamell1 :i* l9e ! int]ior ( ! horny ho(2 & :5 x is consid]$ :at a va/ surface ( atta*m5t is =m$ by ^! means1 ! /r5g? ( ! union w n be wond]$ at4 ,no common viol5ce c sep>ate ^! p>ts1 & _! use z a spr+ 7= !y are ext5sile7 to support ! action ( an animal at once weighty1 /rong1 & extremely agile1 mu/ be app>5t4 8,! vessels & n]ves ( ! foot are d]iv$ f ! metac>pal art]ies1 ve9s1 & n]ves1 :i* pass beh9d ! pa/]n1 :5 ! ma9 trunks divide to proce$ to ea* side ( ! foot1 & are ramifi$ f !nce ?r\gh\t4 ,x is a division ( ! metac>pal n]ve on ea* side ( ! less] pa/]n1 or on ea* side ( ! l>g]1 z occasion suits1 :i* =ms ! n]ve op]ation n[ 9 vogue z a rem$y 787 = navicul> disease40 ,lam9itis1 or ,fev] ( ! ,feet1 al?\gh g5]ally ! result ( too long a j\rney1 or any ex]cise :]e excessive & cont9u\s concussion has be5 occasion$ to ! feet1 frequ5tly arises f o!r causes4 ,x is (t5 :at is t]m$ second>y1 z "o ( ! sequel ( inflammatory diseases ( a m con/itutional "*4--7,see 8,meta/asis10 page #aee47 ,! lam9 are plates 7te*nically1 semi-c>tilag9\s leaves receiv$ betwe5 ! horny lamell :i* l9e ! int]ior ( ! ho(7 re/+ on ! inside ( ! horny ho(1 & giv+ an ela/ic support1 :]eby ! :ole weight ( ! horse's /ructure is ?r[n aga9/ ! wall ( ! ho( & kept (f ! side4 ,x is n surpris+1 !re=e1 t ^! causes %\ld produce d]angem5t "h4 ,z lam9itis g5]ally attacks ! =e feet1 ! poor bea/ 9 8 angui% endeav\rs to ?r[ 8 weight (f !m by re/+ on 8 h9d qu>t]s1 :i* are tuck$ "u him1 ) ! =e legs & feet pu%$ out be=e him m]ely to keep him f fall+2 he c b>ely hobble if he attempts to move4 ,if ! fev] be only slight & 9 "o foot1 he w po9t x1 :ile extreme lam5ess & unnatural heat 9 ! foot m>k ! disease4 ,! %oe %\ld 79 ?is z 9 all cases ( foot-lam5ess7 be in/antly remov$ by a smi? br\ght to ! /able in/ead ( giv+ ! poor creature ! pa9 ( limp+ to ! =ge4 ,! foot %\ld be put into cold wat]1 con/antly r5ew$1 & kept 9 x all day2 at night a bran p\ltice or wat]-dress+ %\ld be left on 7see 8,wat]-dress+0 & 8,p\ltices10 page #afj74 ,also adm9i/] a purge4 ,9 acute cases1 ble$+ at ! toe is sometimes practis$ by p>+ away !re till ! ve9s appe>4 ,?is is a v que/ionable rem$y1 & !re is little d\bt t ! use ( ! knife only aggravates ! inflammation4 ,! fact is1 t beyond its incipi5t /age none b ! vet]9>y surgeon is compet5t to deal ) ?is disease4 ,its prev5tion is be/ secur$ by requir+ mod]ate "w only1 & at ! prop] road-paces--viz41 walk+ & trott+--keep+ ! feet moi/1 wett+ !m occasionally dur+ a long j\rney1 & regul>ly /opp+ !m directly aft] ea* day's sev]e "w4--,see 8,groom+10 page #ab4 ,navicul> ,disease is1 un=tunately1 a v common "o ) horses2 & :5 ! delicate /ructure ( ! foot is consid]$ 9 connection ) ! r\gh usage ! creature gets on h>d roads :ile c>ry+ a heavy weight on 8 back1 x is only surpris+ t ! feet be> su* j>r+ at all4 ,! navicul> is ! small pulley-bone ov] :i* ! flexor t5don passes1 & be+ ! mo/ active ( any ( ! foot-bones1 is ! mo/ likely to be injur$ by ill usage 7see page #abh74 ,! symptoms are lam5ess1 ) m or less po9t+ ( ! foot :5 at re/1 & heat t[>ds ! qu>t]s ( ! lame foot4 ,unlike lam9itis1 ! lam5ess is inconsid]able at fir/1 & increases z ! disease progresses4 ,be+ s deep-seat$1 x is v difficult to cure4 ,9 ! incipi5t /ages ! mo/ effectual rem$y appe>s to be ! ins]tion ( frog-setons1 requir+ ! assi/ance ( a vet]9>y surgeon4 ,9 mo/ in/ances ! case is hopeless1 & _m a f9e horse is sold to limp out a life ( mis]y1 draw+ a hack cab1 or1 ) a ref9em5t ( cruelty1 is subject to ! op]ation ( unn]v+ ! foot1 :i*1 by de/roy+ s5sation 9 t "p1 enables ! animal to travel )\t app>5t lam5ess1 ?\gh ! disease cont9ues to progress till "p ( ! foot has be5 kn[n to drop (f 9 "w4 ,be+ a result ( "w to :i* all horses are liable1 no mode ( prev5tion c be recomm5d$4 ,lat]al ,c>tilages4--,ano!r ailm5t ( ! foot is m common ?an is g5]ally suppos$1 call$ 8,disease ( ! ,lat]al ,c>tilages40 ,x requires ! skill ( an anatomi/ to decide ^u its pres5ce4 ,9 fact1 ?is & navicul> disease are bo? v obscure 9 _! orig9 & diagno/ics1 & a surgeon only c prop]ly deal ) !m1 z well z ) all o!r diseases t are n v di/9ctly m>k$1 & 9 _! e>ly /ages n important4 ,?ru%4--,a disease ( ! frog3 ! cleft becomes eat5 away1 & a f\l matt] is secret$4 ,x m frequ5tly attacks ! h9d ?an ! =e feet4 ,by "s x is said to be con/itutional1 b x is mu* m probably ! result ( neglect ( ! foot 9 ! /able1 ! h9d feet be+ (t5] affect$1 f ! fact ( ! ur9e & fces com+ m imm$iately "u _! tread4 ,at e %oe+ or remov+1 ! frog %\ld be p]fectly cle>$ ( all defective p>ts by ! knife1 & :]e ! disease has once manife/$ itself ! cleft %\ld be kept cont9ually /opp$ ) t> & t[4 ,a return to a heal?y /ate is likely to be t$i\s1 !re=e cont9u$ att5tion to ^! directions is necess>y4 ,if a sev]e case1 use a b>-%oe1 to avoid ! we> & te> ( ! road1 & :i* w also help to keep ! pl$gets ( t> & t[ 9 _! place4 ,to prev5t ?ru%1 let ! litt] & b$d+ be completely remov$ f ! horse e morn+ till b$time at night2 let ! pavem5t be kept scrupul\sly clean ?r\gh ! day2 att5d & wa% ! feet1 exam9e !m frequ5tly1 & ^u ! slighte/ sign ( ! disease use ! rem$ial means4 ,quittor4--,?is is a disease ( ! feet1 :]e91 ei!r f delicacy ( or accid5t to ! sole1 ! s5sible "p becomes affect$4 ,a suppurative s9us is =m$1 eat+ away till x (t5 comes out at ! coronet4 ,once x rea*es ?is1 ! animal1 unless ( great value1 might z well be de/roy$1 ! re/orative process be+ ( a mo/ t$i\s & exp5sive "*1 requir+ cont9ual manipulation by a surgeon4 ,by c>eful %oe+ 7:]e nails are n driv5 out ( _! prop] direction7 & a mo/ exact exam9ation ( ! foot :]e any extrane\s matt]1 su* z glass1 gravel1 c41 is suspect$ ( hav+ ent]$ or damag$ x1 quittor w mo/ probably be avoid$4 ,cank] seldom attacks g5tlem5's horses1 or well-br$ ones4 ,x is lit]ally a *ange ( a portion ( ! foot into a k9d ( fungus1 sometimes comm5c+ 9 ! sole1 sometimes 9 ! frogs1 & is aggravat$ by f\l litt]1 bad /abl+1 & g5]al bad c>e4 ,z no dress+ or ext]nal application w re/ore ! foot )\t manipulation1 a surgeon only c deal ) x4 ,crack$ & ,greasy ,heels4--,animals ( languid circulation 9 ! extremities are m susceptible ( su* diseases1 :i* are induc$ & aggravat$ by lazy ignorant grooms pursu+ _! objectionable practice ( wett+ ! legs1 & leav+ !m to dry !mselves4--,see page #ac4 ,symptoms are tumefaction & sor5ess ( ! h9d] "p ( ! pa/]ns1 ev5 to fissures emitt+ matt]4 ,clip away ! hair 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 s z to be able to cleanse ! sore by wa%+ x ) w>m wat] & s(t soap1 dry+ x p]fectly4 ,!n apply glyc]9e lotion 7page #aeh74 ,if ! sore seems likely to incapacitate ! animal f "w1 adm9i/] a mild aloetic purge 7page #ajh74 ,v s]i\s consequ5ces may result f ! indol5ce ( grooms 9 neglect+ ?is ailm5t4 ,9 acute cases1 ! sore1 eat+ into ! t5don1 produces mortification & dea?4 ,i h myself lo/ a valuable animal f ?is disease1 ?r\gh ! gross neglect ( my grooms 9 my abs5ce4 ,except 9 ! v e>lie/ /ages1 & 9 palpably trifl+ cases1 a vet]9>y surgeon %\ld be consult$1 especially 9 :at is call$ 8grease10 or matt] runn+ f ^! cracks4 ,! prev5tive means are1 nev] to all[ wat] to y\r horses' legs above ! coronet on any pret5ce :atev]1 & if by accid5t or "w !y get wet1 to h !m rubb$ dry z promptly z possible4 ,%elly ,ho(s 7or splitt+ op5 ( ! ext]nal "p ( ! horny ho(74--,! feet ( "s horses are m subject to ?is disease ?an ^? ( o!rs1 f ! fibr\s /ructure be+ m dry ) !m4 ,?is fibr\s /ructure =m+ ! ho( is f\nd1 on microscopic exam9ation1 to resemble a lot ( hairs all glu$ toge!r into a h>d5$ mass1 & :]e ! adhesive matt] is ( a dri] "* ?an usual1 ! ho(s are m brittle4 ,) "s horses ?is results 9 8%elly ho(s20 !y don't split1 b are p]petually break+ away4 ,) ?is description ( ho(s1 t> is ! be/ possible application4 ,nei!r grease nor oil %\ld ev] be us$--^! only aggravate ! disease1 z on close obs]vation !y w be f\nd to act z p[]ful a/r+5ts1 exclud+ ! heal?y action ( air & moi/ure ^u ! "p mo/ 9 ne$ ( !m4 ,/range to say1 t>1 f its pung5t prop]ties1 induces heal?y action 9 ! "p1 & is peculi>ly adapt$ to promote ! gr[? ( ! fibr\s /ructure z well z lubricat+ x4 ,s&-,cracks seldom g diagonally1 b are ei!r horizontal or v]tical4 ,i %all endeav\r to exemplify ! simple pr9ciple ( ?is disease ) a simple pr9ciple ( rem$y1 deal+ ) x l a split 9 a bo>d on :i* ,i desir$ to put an effectual /opp]4 ,9 su* a case ,i %\ld c>efully g\ge out a small hole at ea* end ( ! split1 beyond :i* hole ! fissure w\ld be c]ta9 n to pass4 ,) ! ho( ! same pr9ciple c be c>ri$ out by fil+ an ind5tation directly across ea* end ( ! crack1 only tak+ c>e n to file deep] ?an ! ins5sible "p ( ! ho(2 or ! end w be answ]$ by us+ a r$-hot fir+-iron in/ead ( a file1 tak+ ! same precaution n to t\* ! s5sible "p4 ,i %\ld also weak5 along ! edges ( ! crack itself by rasp+ !m d[n4 ,ov] ! crack1 if deep1 %\ld be /rapp$ a ?9 pad ( t[ & t>1 to induce reproduction & prev5t =eign sub/ances f ent]+ ! fissure4 ,unless by ! grosse/ neglect1 no s&-crack w h be5 all[$ to g beyond ! rea* ( ! =ego+ treatm5t1 b 9 "s cases ! effect ( neglig5ce & ignorance is se5 9 ! horizontal crack runn+ almo/ r\nd ! foot4 ,9 su* cases x w g5]ally be f\nd t ) a flat foot 7incl9$ to great] mal=mation7 ! toes h be5 suff]$ to ext5d1 %oe+ aft] %oe+1 by ! smi? all[+ a great accumulation ( wall ov] ! toe1 until ! c5tre has become weak5$ into a fissure4 ,su* a /ate ( ?+s seldom or nev] occurs 9 a g5tleman's /able1 b is to be met ) among f>m-horses or ^? accu/om$ to heavy draught4 ,! c>eful /rapp+-up ) t> & t[1 :i* mu/ be con/antly att5d$ to1 re/1 & ! ind5tation process1 w1 ) "t & c>e1 effect a cure4 ,s&-crack1 especially ! v]tical1 is m dang]\s & t$i\s ! ne>] x is to ! coronet4 ,?is once divid$1 ! case becomes s]i\s1 ! coronet be+ v vascul>1 & a split "h requires a great deal ( c>e to induce x to take on union4 ,unless ! clos+ comm5ces at ! coronet1 & cont9ues z ! ho( gr[s d[n1 x w nev] close at all2 9 fact1 if ! coronet be divid$1 x is =tunate if ! crack does n g ! :ole way d[n to ! %oe4 ,if x does n1 ! l[] end %\ld be weak5$ by fil+ an ind5tation at its l[] extremity1 weak5+ ! sides ( ! crack by rasp+ !m1 & keep+ ! ho( /rapp$ r\nd ) dress+s ( t> & t[1 also 7a mo/ important "p ( ! treatm5t7 p>+ away ! wall ( ! foot 7above ! %oe & imm$iately "u ! crack7 an in*--t is1 half an in* on ea* side ( x--mak+ z l>ge a vacuum z c ) safety to ! s5sible p>ts ( ! foot be p>$ away1 directly "u ! crack & ov] ! %oe2 ! object ( ?is be+ t all p>ts ( ! wall except t "u ! crack %all press on ! %oe4 ,x is obvi\s t by ! above means e movem5t ( ! horse1 9 place ( aggravation1 w t5d t[>ds alleviation ( ! disease1 by press+ ! weak5$ sides ( ! fissure toge!r4 ,= ! =ego+ reasons1 9 ! case ( a v]tical crack ! %oes _h bett] rema9 on1 :ile 9 ! wor/ cases ( ! horizontal crack1 z its weight r\nd ! bottom t5ds to weak5 ! c5tre ( ! ho( :]e ! crack is likely to be situat$1 x _h bett] be remov$ 7or light tips worn71 its abs5ce also enabl+ ! wall ( ! ho( "u ! crack to be rasp$ z ?9 z possible4 ,9 v]tical cracks ! use ( a b>-%oe w t5d to keep ! foot toge!r 7page #ha74 ,corns are occasion$ by ! inflexible %oe press+ on t "p ( ! sole1 or possibly f friction ( ! bones ^u its int]nal surface4 ,!y pres5t ! appe>ance ( a r$ effus$ bruise1 almo/ inv>iably situat$ on ! heel ( ! sole ( ! inside qu>t] ( ! =e feet4--,see illu/ration1 fig4 #c1 page #acj4 ,:5 neglect$1 !y occasion sev]e lam5ess1 & g on to suppuration4 ,brok5 knees are also frequ5tly ! result ( neglect$ corns4 ,a horse t is habitually prop]ly %od is nev] likely to h a corn4 ,x arises entirely f want ( att5tion & judgm5t 9 ! smi?4 ,! groom1 :o %\ld always /& by :5 a horse is %oe+1 ought to be in/ruct$ to see t ! f>ri] ) 8 draw+-knife inv>iably p>es out ! sole at ! seat ( corn2 x c be no injury :atev] to ! foot :5 prop]ly done1 & is ! be/ prev5tive ( corns4 ,also take prop] c>e t ! %oes are s put on t !y _c by possibility press ^u ! sole4 ,= prev5tion1 keep ! seat ( corn well p>$ away1 & dress ) t>1 unless 9 ! suppurat+ /ate1 :5 x requires p\ltices 7page #afj71 & ! ord9>y treatm5t = t /ate1 & full re/4 ,ov]-rea* or ,tread proce$s f ! %oe ( "o foot com+ 9 contact ) ! s(t or s5sible "p above ! ho( ( ! o!r4 ,z ! p>ts likely to be affect$ r\nd ! coronet are full ( vessels1 ! simple/ rem$ial means are ! safe/--viz41 wat]-dress+ 7page #afj7 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 & aft]w>ds *loride ( z9c lotion 7"o gra9 to ! ounce ( wat]71 or glyc]9e4 ,brok5 ,knees4--,mo/ travell]s on ! road "k :at /yle ( ?+ ?is is1 s x is ne$less to describe x4 ,9 bad cases1 :]e ! bones are expos$1 & !re is any appe>ance ( synovia or jo9t-oil1 place ! horse 9 ! ne>e/ conv5i5t /able1 & leave him !re to be att5d$ to by a pr(essional man z soon z possible4 ,:5 ! abrasion is m]ely sup]ficial1 take ! animal quietly to 8 /able1 if ne>4 ,9 any ev5t1 wa% ! w\nd ) w>m wat]1 :i*1 if x be at all deep1 %\ld be done by squeez+ ! wat] above ! w\nd1 & all[+ x to run d[n1 z ?is "p ( ! leg is v delicate & s5sitive1 & r\gh h&l+ ) a clo? or sponge %\ld be avoid$4 ,aft]w>ds apply a lotion ( *loride ( z9c1 "o gra9 to ! ounce ( wat]4 ,tie ! creature's head up 9 su* a way z t he _c possibly lie d[n1 until ! heal+ process has assum$ suffici5t heal? to r5d] x safe to all[ ( ! knee be+ us$ 9 ly+ d[n & gett+ up4 ,give "o or two mild purges1 accord+ to ! "t he is laid up & ! heal?9ess ( ! w\nd4 ,to promote ! gr[? ( hair1 use1 :5 ! knee is p]fectly heal$1 hog's l>d mix$ ) v f9ely p[d]$ burnt lea!r to col\r x2 x is z good & safe a ?+ z c be employ$ = ! purpose4 ,o!rwise use weak m]curial o9tm5t4 ,= prev5tion1 avoid ! use ( be>+-re9s 9 h>ness2 9 %afts1 keep ! weight (f y\r horse's back2 keep out ( ! way ( ruts & /ones ^u ! road1 & be v c>eful ( y\r bea/ :5 ! "w y are giv+ him is calculat$ to make him leg-we>y4 ,9 rid+1 tea* y\r be>] to dep5d on himself1 n on y3 at ! same "t1 don't leave him to himself altoge!r4 ,g g5tly r\nd %>p turns1 & don't ride fa/ d[n-hill on ! road1 ?\gh on ! turf or 9 h>ness ! pace may be accel]at$ ) impunity4 ,avoid inflict+ sudd51 injudici\s1 & undes]v$ *a/isem5t2 re/ra9 />ts or al>ms2 h y\r horses prop]ly prep>$ 9 fro/y wea!r2 also be sure t ! seat ( corn is kept well p>$ out 9 %oe+4 ,if y\r saddle has %ift$ =w>d out ( its place1 dism\nt & regir? x :]e x fits1 s t :5 y rem\nt y\r weight w be prop]ly plac$ away f ! %\ld]s4 ,:5 ! road is ! only place available to h y\r horses ex]cis$1 see t y\r grooms put on ! knee-caps4 ,spl9ts are a well-kn[n affection ( ! =e leg1 pres5t+ ! appe>ance ( a bony protrusion along ! canon or %ank1 :i*1 ?\gh unsightly1 is n v important1 unless :5 lam5ess ensues4 ,z x is n my int5tion to ent] into pr(essional te*nicalities 9 ?is "w1 ,i %all m]ely rem>k t1 by lett+ ! horse cont9ue 9 mod]ate "w1 ?\gh lame1 ) ! application ( ,/ev5s's o9tm5t1 accord+ to ! directions accompany+ x1 absorption ( ! bony matt] w be obta9$1 or1 at all ev5ts1 x w become s f> resolv$ t ! surr\nd+ /ructures be+ able to accommodate !mselves to :at rema9s ( x1 _! action w n be int]f]$ )1 & lam5ess w consequ5tly no long] appe>4 ,vet]9>ians sometimes p]=m a simple op]ation = spl9ts :i* is said to be efficaci\s--namely1 t ( divid+ ! p]io/eum ) a bi/u>y1 ! p]io/eum be+ t membrane :i* encases all bones l a sk94 ,:5 ?is is clev]ly done1 !re is little or no disfiguration left4 ,setons also are sometimes run ov] ! exo/osis or bony excresc5ce1 b ,i deal only ) simple rem$ies4 ,z spl9ts _c be prev5t$1 be+ a common result ( "w 9 "y horses1 ! next be/ ?+ to be done is to resolve !m :ile 9 an incipi5t /ate4 ,clap ( ! ,back ,s9ew--i4e41 inflammation ( ! %ea? "u :i* ! flexor t5don passes 7z ! mo/ able practition]s d5y t ! t5don itself c be /ret*$1 ?\gh x is liable to rupture ab\t its ins]tions7--is be/ treat$1 accord+ to "s1 by cold refrig]ant lotions1 ,g\l>d lotion1 solution ( acetate ( lead1 c4 ,i pref] pla9 wat]-dress+ 7page #afj7 plac$ loosely r\nd ! affect$ "p ( ! leg1 & ! use ( a high-heel$ %oe 7page #hb74 ,:5 ! attack is beyond ! rea* ( su* mild treatm5t1 ! vet]9>y surgeon w probably advise bli/]+ & fir+ to act z a p]petual b&age4 ,mod]ate "w on ev5 surfaces w be ! be/ prev5tive ( ?is disease1 & hav+ ! pavem5t ( y\r /ables made ne>ly level1 z describ$ "u ! head ( 8,/abl+0 7page #h74 ,w9d-,galls are undue di/5sions ( ! burs or bags ( synovia at ! back & sides ( ! l[] "p ( ! canon or %9 int5d$ to lubricate ! adjac5t /ructure4 ,?\gh unsightly1 & no improvem5t to ! action ( ! horse1 !y c be r$uc$ by ext]nal absorb5ts 7page #aei71 also by b&ages ) refrig]ant repellants1 su* z v9eg> & wat] 7see 8,groom+10 page #ab74 ,rid+-,bone is an unheal?y enl>gem5t r\nd ! pa/]n above ! coronet1 g5]ally 9 front1 & may be remov$ 9 ! incipi5t /age by ext]nal absorb5ts 7page #aei71 beyond :i* a pr(essional man _h bett] be consult$4 ,wr5* or ,wrick1 occasion$ by accid5t or /ra9 9 "w ov] a r\gh pa? by a slip1 pres5ts g5]ally no ext]nal swell+ or indication ( suff]+ beyond lam5ess 9 movem5t2 b on close exam9ation1 inflammation w be discov]$ by extra heat ab\t ! "p affect$4 ,remove ! %oe1 give pl5ty ( re/1 & apply wat]-dress+ 7page #afj7 r\nd ! affect$ "p4 ,a purge may be adm9i/]$1 z recomm5d$ 9 all cases :]e ! animal is laid up = sev]al days4 ,to avoid wr5*1 c>e %\ld be obs]v$ 9 />t+1 turn+1 & work+ a horse1 especially on unev5 gr\nd or :5 heavily lad54 ,mall5d]s & ,sall5d]s d5ote a scurvy /ate ( ! sk9 inside ! b5d ( ! knees & hocks4 ,let ! p>ts be cleans$ ) hot wat] & s(t soap1 & rub 9 equal p>ts ( hog's l>d & m]curial o9tm5t mix$2 if !re be a positive crack or sore1 use ! *loride ( z9c lotion 7see page #aeh7 till heal$4 ,keep a good att5tive groom1 & see t he does 8 "w1 z su* blemi%es are occasion$ by c>elessness & want ( cleanl9ess4 ,spav9 is l spl9t1 a bony excresc5ce1 b on ! l[] "p ( ! leg1 at ! inside ( ! hock t[>ds ! front1 occasion$ by local d]angem5t f ov]work ( ! /ructure4 ,if x does n produce lam5ess x _h bett] be left alone2 b o!rwise1 ! horse be+ plac$ 9 a loose-box1 re/ %\ld be giv51 & treatm5t ) absorb5ts 7page #aei71 ! use ( ,/ev5s's o9tm5t1 c41 p]si/$ 94 ,a mild purge or two dur+ ! process w be b5eficial4 ,z 9 ne>ly all affections ( ! legs & feet1 prop] reasonable "w & due c>e w av]t ! disease or disfigurem5t4 ,curb is an enl>gem5t ( ! t5don or its %ea? at ! l[] "p ( ! back ( ! hock1 ) a good deal ( local inflammation att5d+ x4 ,x is greatly occasion$ by ! fa%ion "s rid]s h ( habitually ?r[+ _! horses back on _! hocks by sev]e use ( ! bit4 ,use wat]-dress+ to r$uce inflammation1 !n absorb5ts1 su* z ,/ev5s's o9tm5t 7page #aei74 ,give re/1 c41 z direct$ = ,spav94 ,/r+-,halt is a well-kn[n & only too conspicu\s defect or affection ( ! n]ves ( ! h9d limbs1 or emanat+ f ! sp9e4 ,z its local orig9 is obscure1 s also is ! me?od ( deal+ ) x4 ,x is 9 no way dang]\s1 ?\gh unsightly1 & s]i\sly det]iorat+ to ! value ( ! animal1 al?\gh x is said n to int]f]e mu* ) 8 work+ p[]s4 ,capp$ ,hock is a pursy swell+ ov] ! os calcis or heel-bone at ! end ( ! hock1 g5]ally produc$ by kick+ ei!r 9 ! /able or aga9/ "s object 9 h>ness1 or possibly 9 consequ5ce ( ex]tion 9 gett+ up & ly+ d[n on a scanty b$1 especially :]e ! pav+-/ones are unev54 ,use hot fom5tations1 loose wat]-dress+1 foll[$ by rubb+ 9 iod9e o9tm5t1 if necess>y1 = r$uction1 b ?is mu/ be done ) judgm5t & c>eful obs]vance ( ! effect ! iod9e produces4 ,or1 aft] us+ hot fom5tations = a week1 apply gas wat] 7:i* c be obta9$ f any gas-works7 ) a sponge dabb$ on e h\r dur+ ! day4 ,?is treatm5t1 if p]si/$ 91 is said to be v efficaci\s4 ,= prev5tion1 keep a good b$ = y\r horse to lie on at night4 ,see 8,kick+ 9 ! ,/able0 7page #he7 & 8,kick+-,/rap0 7page #eh74 ,?or\gh-,p9 & ,bog-,spav9 are1 l w9d-galls1 an undue di/5sion ( ! burs conta9+ ! synovia int5d$ to keep ! surr\nd+ p>ts ( ! leg lubricat$2 su* di/5sion int]f]+ ) ! circulation ( ! ve9 9 front ( ! hock is d5om9at$ 8,blood0 7or ,bog7 ,spav92 at ! back & sides ( ! hock ^! di/5sions are call$ ,?or\gh-,p94 ,! treatm5t is ) hot fom5tations & gas wat]1 z 9 8capp$ hock10 or o!r absorb5ts1 especially ,/ev5s's o9tm5t1 iod9e o9tm5t1 bli/]s1 & actual caut]y1 :i* rem$ies _h bett] be tri$ 9 rotation1 ! ?ree latt] only by a practition]2 b unless ! di/5sions produce lam5ess1 x is p]haps pref]able n to m$dle ) !m at all4 ,!re are o!r diseases ( ! feet & legs1 b requir+ v delicate def9itions3 !y mu/ be left altoge!r to ! pr(essional man4 ,z a rule1 9 all cases :]e x may be consid]$ desirable to use /imulat+ or /rong absorb+ treatm5t ext]nally to cure lam5ess1 ! inflammation %\ld be fir/ fully abat$ by local cool+ applications2 & 9 sev]e cases1 purges adm9i/]$ be=e ! application ( bli/]s or p[]ful absorb5ts4 ,,f>cy4 ,?is dread$ disease is1 ,i believe1 l gl&]s1 incurable1 & g5]ally ends 9 gl&]s itself4 ,"s practition]s seem to be "u ! impression t x only attacks worn-out & ill-condition$ animals2 b f p]sonal losses & sad exp]i5ce ,i may v5ture to diff] entirely f su* an op9ion1 & to /ate t ,i h se5 horses 9 ! f9e/ condition lo/ by x4 ,no d\bt feeble animals are v liable to x1 b ! disease is n conf9$ to su* con/itutions4 ,i h rem>k$ t1 :5 contract$ by high-condition$ horses1 x c be trac$ to _! be+ call$ on occasionally to d extra "w1 foll[$ by entire re/ = days toge!r1 z a sort ( equival5t = ! spurt ( "w done1 dur+ :i* p]iod ( re/ 7consid]$ necess>y on acc\nt ( ! bea/'s suppos$ /ate ( exhau/ion7 8 p[]s are tax$ ) ! same am\nt ( high fe$+ z if he 7 9 full "w4 ,?us ! absorb5t sy/em seems to become diseas$1 & f>cy-buds appe>1 accompani$ by crav+ ?ir/1 9 :i* case1 or on ! lea/ suspicion ( ! disease1 ref]5ce %\ld at once be made to a pr(essional man4 ,f ^! buds 7:5ce aft] a "t matt] is se5 to exude7 small cords may be trac$ lead+ to o!r swell+s1 r s]v+ to di/+ui% ! e>ly /ages ( f>cy f surfeit1 besides t 9 surfeit ! lumps appe> indol5t & scabby4 ,to gu>d aga9/ ?is sc\rge ( ! /able1 z ! disease is contagi\s1 be c>eful :at company y\r horses keep1 & let reason be us$ 9 ! work+1 fe$+1 ex]cis+1 & g5]al c>e ( y\r /ud4 ,:at is call$ ,wat] ,f>cy is nei!r dang]\s nor contagi\s1 & arises f debility ( ! sy/em1 occasion$ probably by ov]work & indiff]5t fe$+4 ,x is g5]ally m>k$ by a dropsical swell+ ( ! legs1 mo/ly ! h9d ones4 ,x is n common 9 g5tlem5's /ables1 :]e horses are less work$ & bett] c>$ = ?an _! neighb\rs4 ,! be/ cure is friction to ! swell+1 mod]ate "w1 & improv$ fe$+2 & give a ball twice a-day1 ea* dose ) ,sulphate ( iron1 #b dra*ms4 ,p[d]$ g+]1 #b 0 ,p[d]$ g5tian1 #b 0 ,to be mix$ ) palm-oil or l>d4 ,,r+worm4 ,r+worm is *>act]is$ by "o or m scurfy or scaly circul> pat*es on ! sk9 :]e ! hair has fall5 (f4 ,z soon z discov]$1 let ! p>ts be wa%$ ) soap & tepid wat] twice a-day2 & :5 !y h be5 g5tly b p]fectly dri$1 apply r ?ickly ! foll[+ o9tm5t ov] ! spots3-- ,animal glyc]9e1 #a ounce4 ,sp]maceti1 #a 0 ,iodide ( lead1 #b dra*ms4 ,rub ! glyc]9e & sp]maceti toge!r1 & :5 ?or\ghly incorporat$1 add ! iodide ( lead2 give also e night ! foll[+ dr9k3-- ,liquor ars5icalis1 #a ounce4 ,t9cture ( muriate ( iron1 #a 0 ,wat]1 #a qu>t4 ,mix4--,dose1 half a p9t4 ,cont9ue ?is dr9k until ! disease has disappe>$4 ,%\ld ulc]ation rema9 ab\t ! circumf]5t edges aft] ! c5tral b>e spot has be5 app>5tly cur$1 apply to ! affect$ circuit six times a-day p]si/5tly ! foll[+ lotion3-- ,*loride ( z9c1 #b scruples4 ,wat]1 #a p9t4 ,! animal %\ld be ?r[n up f "w dur+ ?is treatm5t1 :i* may be requisite = a mon?1 & good food giv54 ,adm9i/] also a p[]ful alt]ative or two dur+ ! c\rse ( treatm5t1 m p>ticul>ly if ! case is ob/9ate4#cb ,o!r practition]s recomm5d1 ) ! adm9i/ration ( alt]atives1 ! simple application ( a solution ( nitrate ( silv]1 #cj gra9s to #a ounce ( wat] 7di/ill$71 appli$ e second day to ! eruptions1 until !y are de/roy$4 ,,surfeit is an eruption on ! sk91 & g5]ally gives way1 if att5d$ to imm$iately on its appe>ance1 by relax+ ! b[els mildly1 giv+ p>tly gre5 food in/ead ( hay & bran ma%es2 at ! same "t keep up ! /r5g? by fe$+ ) ! be/ oats & a little beans1 alt]nately ) ! laxative treatm5t4 ,%\ld ^! means n suffice1 or ! disease become worse1 consult a m$ical practition]1 :o w probably adm9i/] diuretics2 or if y _c procure a pr(essional man1 give ! foll[+ excell5t tonic & alt]ative dr9k1 recomm5d$ by ,mr ,mayhew3-- ,liquor ars5icalis1 #a ounce4 ,t9cture ( muriate ( iron1 #a 0 ,wat]1 #a qu>t4 ,mix1 & give daily half a p9t = a dose4 ,hideb\nd requires ! same treatm5t z surfeit4 ,mange is g5]ally ! result ( insuffici5t food & o!r privations endur$ at grass1 & ( ! neglect ( ! sk9 consequ5t on animals be+ turn$ out = a "t to take c>e ( !mselves4 ,x is highly contagi\s1 & is n[ admitt$ to be occasion$ by an insect :i* is eng5d]$ 9 ! f\l coat4 ,a capital wa% is recomm5d$ by ,mr ,mayhew1 viz43-- ,animal glyc]9e1 f\r p>ts4 ,creosote1 half a "p4 ,oil ( turp5t9e1 "o "p4 ,oil ( junip]1 half a "p4 ,ab\t a p9t & a half is said to be ! quantity requir$ to make "o dress+4 ,e portion ( ! entire coat %\ld be saturat$ ) ?is wa%1 & ?us left = two cle> days1 :5 x %\ld be wa%$ clean ) s(t soap & w>m wat]1 equal c>e be+ tak5 to omit no "p ( ! body1 :i* %\ld aft]w>ds be ?or\ghly dri$ & ! coat well dress$ or :isk$4 ,:5 all is dry & clean apply a second dress+1 proce$+ z direct$ = ! fir/1 & a ?ird aft] ! two days h elaps$ & ! second clean+ process has be5 ?or\ghly gone ?r\gh1 aft] :i* ! disease ought to be eradicat$4 ,a m]e disposition to scrat*+ is g5]ally successfully treat$ by giv+ bran ma%es night & morn+ = "s days1 & "p gre5 food in/ead ( hay4 ,o!rs recomm5d = mange1 z mo/ successful1 ! foll[+ application1 to be well rubb$ 9 once a-week all ov] ! animal ) a /iff horse-bru%3-- ,b>badoes t>1 #a "p4 ,l9se$ oil1 #c p>ts4 ,to be mix$ & g5tly w>m$ 9 a pan4 ,! :ole ( ! horse's body to be ?or\ghly wa%$ ) s(t soap & w>m wat]1 & ,,p]fectly dri$1 previ\s to rubb+ 9 ! =ego+ application4 ,,sore ,,back1 ,,)]s1 ,,& ,,sitfa/s1 %\ld be c>efully att5d$ to ) p\ltices or wat]-dress+ 7see page #afj71 :ile a disposition to ?r[ (f pus is pres5t1 aft] :i* ! application ( heal+ ag5ts 7among :i* *loride ( z9c lotion & glyc]9e are n[ prom95t7 is ! prop] c\rse1 b applicable only to decid$ly trifl+ & sup]ficial cases4 ,x is imp]ative1 if a cure be desir$1 t no pressure :atev] f ! saddle or any o!r cause ( irritation be p]mitt$2 !re=e1 unless a saddl] c effectually *amb] & pack ! saddle s z to prev5t ! possibility ( its t\*+ on or ne> ! sore1 ! saddle mu/ n be us$ at all4 ,! wor/ & common result ( sores on ! back is1 t s9uses or cavities1 ) an almo/ imp]ceptible orifice1 insidi\sly eat away l poll-evil into ! m important "p ( ! adjac5t /ructure4 ,"h ! aid ( ! vet]9>y surgeon is indisp5sable4 7,be+ myself acqua9t$ ) anatomy1 ,i us$ to get a dep5d+ orifice z ne> z possible to ! bottom ( ! s9us 7z discov]$ ) a probe7 by a bi/u>y1 lay+ ! s9us op5 all ! way2 or if ! direction 7 r sup]ficial1 by ! ins]tion ( a seton-ne$le ab\t ! wid? ( ! s9us1 run out at bottom1 leav+ ! seton 9 to direct ! dis*>ge4 ,! latt] op]ation1 if c>efully conduct$1 is decid$ly ! simple/ & be/ :5 practicable47 ,= prev5tion ( sore back avoid injuri\s pressure f an ill-fitt+ saddle2 also remov+ x too quickly f1 ! back ( a heat$ animal 7see 8,"w10 page #cg74 ,pressure ( ! t]ret-pad 7see page #ei71 or ( ! roll] f n be+ prop]ly *amb]$ ov] ! ridge ( ! back 7see page #ai71 mu/ also be c>efully gu>d$ aga9/4 ,,w\nds1 if deep or dang]\s1 %\ld meet ) ! imm$iate att5tion ( a surgeon1 z none b anatomi/s %\ld deal ) !m4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! loss ( a mod]ate quantity ( blood is r b5eficial ?an o!rwise1 t5d+ to av]t inflammation4 ,:]e wat]-dress+ 7see page #afj7 c be appli$1 no?+ is bett] 9 ! fir/ in/ance2 & :5 ! w\nd is fairly cleans$ & evid5tly heal+1 ! *loride ( z9c lotion 7see page #aeh7 w advance t process & help to dry x up4 ,:5 ! surface is p]fectly heal$ & a new sk9 =m$1 ! gr[? ( ! hair w be promot$ by ! application ( hog's l>d col\r$ ) v f9ely p[d]$ burnt lea!r4 ,,megrims ,,or ,,epilepsy may proce$ f ! effects ( ! sun 9 v hot wea!r1 f conge/ion ( ! blood-vessels ( ! bra9 & head1 or f disord]$ /oma* or indige/ion4 ,! horse :5 at "w sudd5ly ev9ces a dis9cl9ation to proce$1 appe>s bo!r$1 & %[s unacc\ntable p]v]s5ess--sometimes /agg]s & falls4 ,release him at once f :atev] "w he may be at2 if ! cause c be descri$1 treat 9 ! mo/ reasonable way accord+ly4 ,if ! illness is suppos$ to proce$ f ! heat ( ! sun or conge/ion ( ! head1 da% wat] on ! head & keep x envelop$ 9 cold wet clo?s2 also cool ! sy/em by ap]i5ts1 giv+ re/ = "s "t4 ,if f indige/ion1 repeat$ mild ap]i5ts %\ld be adm9i/]$4 ,x is a /range fact kn[n to ^? :o are exp]i5c$ on ! road1 t ^! fits are seldom or nev] tak5 dur+ "w at night4 ,:5 su* attacks are habitual ! animal is only fit = f>m-"w4 ,,crib-,,bit+ ,,& ,,w9d-,,suck+4 ,"s able vet]9>ians decl>e ^! habits to be ! result ( an endeav\r to eject acidity f ! /oma* z ! horse _c vomit1 :ile o!rs comp>e x to ! human bel*4 ,x is almo/ impossible to cure a crib-bit]2 ! only ?+ t c be done is1 to palliate & prev5t x1 :i* is ess5tial1 z ! habit is n only injuri\s to ! horse himself1 b "o t1 /range to say1 is mo/ readily imitat$ by 8 companions2 9 :atev] /able su* an animal may be1 ! o!rs are liable to become crib-bit]s4 ,by leav+ a lump ( rock-salt 9 horses' mang]s _m ailm5ts may be av]t$4 ,lick+ x is a res\rce to !m 9 _! h\rs ( solit>y conf9em5t4 ,9 ! pres5t in/ance a lump ( *alk might be add$1 = ! animal to amuse himself at any mom5t t he is left )\t a muzzle 7:i* %\ld be made = him by an exp]i5c$ saddl]1 & con/antly us$74 ,! *alk be+ ess5tially antacid1 is decid$ly useful if ! habit is suppos$ to result f acidity4 ,z ! muzzle %\ld n be left (f = any l5g? ( "t1 ! food %\ld be prep>$ to be tak5 up 9 ! mo/ rapid =m--viz41 a small quantity ( *aff to bruis$ oats4 ,:5 ! bea/ f9ds by exp]i5ce t 8 fe$+-"t is limit$1 ) />vation = ! alt]native1 he w probably pref] 8 food to gnaw+ ! iron dur+ ! %ort space all[$ him )\t 8 muzzle4 ,a simple rem$y sometimes us$ ) good effect is1 keep+ a tight5$ /rap r\nd ! creature's neck :5 he is n fe$+2 & ,i h kn[n ! cov]+ ( e portion ( ! /all )9 8 rea* ) rabbit or %eep sk9s1 ! hair outside1 to effectually *eck a crib-bit] = ! "t be+1--! habit be+ resum$1 h[ev]1 on 8 removal to ano!r /all4#cc ,,meta/asis4 ,z ?is t]m is frequ5tly us$ by practition]s1 x may be well to expla9 t x is a ,greek ^w signify+ a removal f "o place to ano!r1 employ$ z a te*nical designation 9 describ+ a *ange ( ! seat ( disease f "o "p ( ! animal /ructure to ano!r1 :i* is by no means uncommon3 = in/ance1 :5 ! feet are attack$ ) fev]1 t malady w appe> to remove itself to "s o!r & probably di/ant "p1 & fix itself on ! lungs or o!r visc]a1 ! same way t inflammation ( ! lungs & o!r p>ts ( ! upp] /ructure w *ange among/ !mselves1 or f _! own seat ( disease to ! feet4#cd ,i h ev5 kn[n sup]purgation 7occasion$1 9 a pair ( horses1 by undue1 b n sev]e "w :5 "u ! irritation ( ! m$ic9e7 to cause fev] ( ! feet1 by a meta/asis1 *ang+ ! seat ( irritation f ! int]nals to ! extremities--a v palpable case 9 po9t4 ,,setons4 ,! ins]tion ( a seton prop]ly belongs to ! pr(essional man1 & only = ! guidance ( p]sons :o1 f liv+ 9 remote neighb\rhoods or o!r causes1 _c possibly procure ! assi/ance ( su*1 ! foll[+ in=mation is ins]t$1 9 ord] to obviate ! necessity = "s ignorant f>ri] be+ p]mitt$ to p]=m ! op]ation aft] 8 own fa%ion4 ,! sk9 is fir/ divid$1 by surgical scissors made = su* purposes1 to ! wid? ( ! seton-ne$le to be us$1 :i* mu/ be wide or n>r[1 accord+ to ! orifice requir$1 ) :ite l95 tape pass$ ?r\gh its eye1 ab\t ! same wid? z ! ne$le & orifice4 ,! ne$le is !n ins]t$ at ! op5+1 &1 pass+ sup]ficially "u ! sk91 is direct$ t[>ds ! po9t :]e ! l[] or dep5d+ orifice is int5d$ to be1 & :]e ! ne$le & tape are drawn out4 ,suffici5t tape mu/ be left at ea* extremity to admit n only ( its be+ ti$ r\nd small rolls ( t[ :i* keep ! tape f runn+ ?r\gh at ei!r side1 b "s in*es ( ! tape %\ld be left 9 addition at "o end1 to all[ ( a portion be+ drawn out at "o orifice ea* day1 & a fre% piece ) dress+ be+ drawn 9 at ! o!r4 ,9 cases :]e !re is already an upp] orifice ) s9uses1 ! surgeon 7if he does n lay ! place entirely op5 ) a knife1 :i*1 if ! s9uses are deep-seat$1 he w d7 w ins]t ! seton-ne$le at su* orifice1 no incision ) ! scissors be+ necess>y1 ! direction ( ! s9uses hav+ be5 fir/ asc]ta9$ by ! c>eful use ( ! probe4 ,! dress+ to be appli$ to ! tape w be ei!r *loride ( z9c lotion1 ,v5ice turp5t9e1 or t9cture ( arnica lotion 7see 8,lotions071 accord+ z ! heal+ or dis*>g+ process may be desir$1 ! fir/ be+ ! heal+ application4 ,f>ri]s attempt+ ?is op]ation w ev5 n[ adopt an old & mo/ objectionable practice ( ty+ ! two ends ( ! seton-tape toge!r1 & turn+ x r\nd at ea* fre% dress+2 ! consequ5ce be+ t1 if any?+ happ5 to cat* 9 ! loop ?us made1 ! :ole piece ( sk9 may be dragg$ out4 ,,lotions1 ,,purges1 ,,bli/]s1 c4 ,,z ,a ,,rule1 ,,all ,,volatile ,,oils ,,or ,,t9ctures ,,%\ld ,,be ,,adm9i/]$ ,,9 ,,cold ,,wat]1 ,,or ,,liquid4 ,/rong ,he$+ ,lotion4--,*loride ( z9c1 two scruples2 wat]1 "o p9t4 ,weak]1 z = ,sore ,m\?1 c4--,*loride ( z9c1 "o scruple2 wat]1 "o p9t4 ,to enc\rage ,pus1 & heal subsequ5tly4--,t9cture ( arnica1 "o ounce2 wat]1 "o p9t4 ,to keep (f ,flies f ,w\nds or ,bruises4--,apply a rag dipp$ 9 solution ( t>4 ,glyc]9e ,lotion4--,glyc]9e1 half p9t2 *loride ( z9c1 half ounce2 wat]1 six qu>ts4 ,to abate ,ext]nal ,inflammation4--,v9eg>1 two ounces2 ,g\l>d lotion1 "o ounce2 wat]1 two p9ts4 ,l9im5t = ! ,neck 9 ,cold & ,di/emp]1 ,sore ,?roat1 c4--,"o "p _s ( turp5t9e1 two p>ts oil1 mix$1 or equal p>ts ( ea*1 & rubb$ 9 once or twice daily4 ,purges4--,a mild purge is compos$ (--aloes1 f\r dra*ms2 extract ( g5tian1 two dra*ms4 ,a v mild ,laxative ,dr5*4--,ca/or-oil1 ?ree ounces2 l9se$-oil1 two ounces2 w>m gruel1 "o p9t--,mix4 ,( l9se$-oil alone ! ord9>y dose is "o p9t4 ,if ineffectual1 to be repeat$1 ) ! addition ( tw5ty drops ( croton-oil4 ,alt]ative ,ball 7= surfeit & sk9 diseases74--,cream ( t>t>1 half dra*m2 nitre1 two dra*ms2 fl[]s ( sulphur1 half ounce--,mix 9 mass4 ,ext]nal ,absorb5ts4--,iod9e o9tm5t & t9cture1 ,/ev5s's o9tm5t1#ce wat]-dress+4 ,re/oratives or ,r5ovators--,dr5*es4--,a qu>t ( /\t1 morn+ or ev5+2 hay-tea1 :5 ma%es are refus$2 gruel prop]ly prep>$ 7page #afa7 & l9se$ ma%es 7page #bb74 ,soo?+ ,dr5* 9 ,colic4--,sulphuric e!r1 "o ounce2 laudanum1 "o ounce2 l9se$-oil1 "o p9t4 ,a/r+5t ,dr5*es 7= diabetes74--,dilut$ phosphoric acid1 "o ounce2 *ill$ wat]1 "o p9t4 ,or--,oak-b>k1 "o ounce2 alum1 qu>t] ounce2 camomile tea1 "o p9t--,made into a dr5*4 ,fe$+ on old hay is g5]ally effectual to *eck purg+4 ,cly/]s#cf 7= di>rha1 dys5t]y1 or ov]-purgation74--,laudanum1 "o ounce--,mix$ 9 ?ree p9ts w>m ?9 />*1 repeat$ e half-h\r1 z long z necess>y4 7,! above is soo?+ & a/r+5t47 7,= inflammation ( ! bladd] or kidneys47--,injections ( w>m l9se$-tea con/antly repeat$4 7,= dys5t]y47--,injections ( cold l9se$-tea4 7,= colic47--,injection ( "o p9t ( turp5t9e mix$ 9 two qu>ts ( hot soap-suds4 7,soo?+ & laxative47 ,o9tm5t 7to recov] hair74--,equal p>ts hogs' l>d & m]curial o9tm5t1 ) v f9ely p[d]$ burnt lea!r to col\r x4 ,p\ltices are made ( bran or l9se$-meal1 ) boil+ wat]1 & appli$ z hot z be>able4 ,!y are seldom us$ except = ! feet1 9 :i* cases ! lea!r %oe is useful4 ,wat]-dress+ 7= sores1 c47--,pads ( l95 kept cont9ually fully saturat$ ) wat]1 & entirely ov] !m is kept fix$ a wat]pro( cov]+ ( oil$ silk or calico 7gutta-p]*a is too liable to te>71 to prev5t evaporation4 ,! pads %\ld be *ang$ e ?ree or f\r h\rs1 & cleans$ :]e !y are int5d$ to promote effusion ( matt]4 ,= ,acidity4--,a lump ( *alk kept 9 ! mang]4 ,= ,g5]al ,heal?4--,a lump ( rock-salt always 9 ! mang]4 ,= ,worms4--,"o to two gra9s ( ars5ic & tw5ty gra9s ( kamela twice daily 7ea* dose mix$ 9 a h&ful ( wet bran1 & giv5 ) oats or o!r fe$+7 = eighte5 days1 & a purge ! n9ete5? morn+4 ,! horse may get mod]ate "w dur+ ! adm9i/ration ( ! p[d]s4 ,or1 common salt1 a tablespoonful daily1 to be mix$ ) ! food4 ,/rong ,mu/>d ,bli/]4--,= cases ( acute inflammation1 mu/>d to be made into a pa/e1 eight ounces2 oil ( turp5t9e1 two ounces--,to be well rubb$ into ! *e/ or belly 9 sev]e inflammation4 ,bli/]s %\ld nev] be appli$ to a horse's f\r legs at ! same "t1 z is ! practice ) "s f>ri]s4 ,two legs only %\ld be bli/]$ at once1 & an int]val ( ?ree or f\r days suff]$ to elapse be=e ! application ( ! rema9+ bli/]s4 ,! animal's head %\ld be ti$ up = at lea/ ?irty h\rs aft] ! bli/] is put on1 to prev5t 8 gnaw+ ! "p2 b if a cradle r\nd ! neck c effect ! same purpose 9 cases :]e o!r p>ts are bli/]$1 its use is pref]able to ty+ up ! head4 ,s$ative4--,to allay excitem5t aft] a w\nd1 c43 t9cture ( aconite1 t5 to tw5ty drops1 9 dr5* ( "o p9t ( wat] ) *ill (f4 ,to make ,gruel4--,mix well a p\nd ( oatmeal 9 a qu>t ( cold wat]2 put ?is mixture 9 a /ew-pan conta9+ ?ree qu>ts ( boil+ wat]1 /ir all well ov] ! fire till x becomes ?ick1 !n leave x aside to cool suffici5tly to be eatable4 ,dis9fectant4--,z x w p]haps be useful to any proprietor ( horse-fle%1 :o may un=tunately h _h contagi\s disease 9 8 /ables1 su* z f>cy or gl&]s1 to "k h[ premises %\ld be dis9fect$ accord+ to ! mo/ approv$ means1 ! foll[+ recomm5dations ( ,gov]nm5t = purify+ ! holds ( %ips1 dur+ ! preval5ce ( r9d]pe/1 are app5d$3-- ,sugge/ions = ,dis9fect+ ,holds ( ,%ips4--,! ,gov]nm5t has issu$ ! foll[+ circul> to ! %ip[n]s & vet]9>y inspectors ( ,iri% ports4 ,x mu/ n be =gott5 t ! importation ( raw hides is /ill p]mitt$4 8#bc;d ,augu/ #ahfe4 8,! usual means _h rec\rse to = ! purpose ( dis9fect+ ! holds ( vessels 7su* z wa%+ & subsequ5tly apply+ dilut$ dis9fect+ solutions1 ! mo/ g5]ally us$ ( :i* is *loride ( lime71 d n possess suffici5t efficacy1 p>ticul>ly )9 ! limit$ "t t c be devot$ to t purpose1 )\t int]f]+ ) ! comm]cial int]e/s ( ! vessels4 8,x w\ld occupy too mu* "t to c>efully sc\r & aft]w>ds apply a dis9fect+ fluid to ! entire surface ( a %ip's hold1 9 :i*1 g5]ally1 !re are _m crevices & p>ts t _c be rea*$ by ! h& or bru%4 ,su* crevices & p>ts are capable ( reta9+ ! contagi\s & infecti\s pr9ciples 9 all _! virul5ce4 8,holds ( vessels1 & all o!r *amb]s f :i* ! ext]nal air c be exclud$ = a "t1 c be1 comp>atively speak+1 mo/ effectually dis9fect$ by fill+ !m ) *lor9e gas1 ! great dis9fect+ pr9ciple ( *loride ( lime4 ,! gas ins9uates itself into e *9k1 crevice1 & "p ( ! *amb] 9 :i* x is conf9$1 & m effectually decomposes ! contagi\s & infecti\s comp\nds1 :e!r !y be solid1 fluid1 or a]i=m1 ?an any o!r dis9fectant equally easy ( application1 & z *eap4 ,! mode ( dis9fect+ ! hold ( a vessel ) *lor9e is1 to place a quantity ( common salt & black oxide ( manganese 9 a /rong bas91 :i* may be put into a bucket1 to ! h&le ( :i* a rope has be5 atta*$4 ,p\r on ! salt & black oxide ( manganese _! comb9$ weight ( sulphuric acid2 !n let ! bucket conta9+ ! bas9 a little way d[n into ! hold by ! rope atta*$ to its h&le4 ,! *lor9e gas1 be+ heavi] ?an ! atmosph]ic air1 w quickly displace ! latt] & fill ! hold4 ,9 a %ort "t1 :5 ! hold has become fill$ ) *lor9e1 ! hat*es may be batt5$ d[n = ab\t half an h\r4 8,previ\s to us+ ! hold aga9 = live freight1 a curr5t ( air %\ld be admitt$ ?r\gh x to remove ! *lor9e4 8,_m recomm5d ! use ( *>coal2 b x is n alone m difficult ( application1 b x is mu* less ( a dis9fectant ?an a deodoris]4 ,*>coal w n1 l ! *lorides1 decompose ! matt] ( disease4 ,if ! damp matt] ( gl&]s1 or %eep-pox1 be well mix$ ) a /rong solution ( *loride ( lime1 x w seldom produce bad effects by inoculation2 b if pure *>coal ( any k9d be us$1 ! contagi\s pr9ciple ( ! diseas$ matt] is n at all dim9i%$ 9 its virul5ce--q ! contr>y2 simil> results are f\nd if c[-pox be ! matt] us$ 9 ! exp]im5t4 8,! co/ ( ! readie/ mat]ials = ! production ( *lor9e gas is v trifl+4 ,! salt is n d4 p] p\nd2 black oxide ( manganese b #d;d4 p] p\nd2 & sulphuric acid #a;d4 p] p\nd4 ,^! are ! retail prices4 ,a c\ple ( p\nds weight ( ea* w\ld suffice = a l>ge-siz$ hold4 8,! att5tion ( ! cu/oms1 %ip[n]s1 & vet]9>y inspectors is direct$ to ! above dis9fect+ means4 7,sign$7 8,,hugh ,,f]guson1 ,h] ,maje/y's ,vet]9>y ,surgeon1 ,pr9cipal ,gov]nm5t ,vet]9>y ,inspector1 ,irel&40 ,,footnotes #a ,x may be well to let my read]s "k h[ ,i became exp]i5c$ on ! road4 ,9 ! days :5 coa*+ 0 9 its p]fection 7& :5 _m c\ntry g5tlem5 indulg$ 9 _! fancy = ! use ( ! 8ribbons071 ,i became1 dur+ a long int]val f s]vice1 deeply & actively conc]n$ 9 a coa*+ e/abli%m5t ( ! fir/ ord]2 & ^? :o1 "s ye>s s9ce1 travell+ betwe5 ,dubl9 & ,kill>ney via ,lim]ick 7a di/ance ( ab\t #ahe miles71 may h happ5$ to he> coa*m5 & help]s talk+ ( ! 8,capta910 w recognise 9 ! writ] ! individual ?us ref]r$ to1 :o 0 also 9 p>tn]%ip ) ! fam\s ,bianconi 9 ! /ag+ on ! ,kill>ney l9e4 ,sev]al ye>s sp5t 9 su* a s*ool w probably be consid]$ a good appr5tice%ip to ! /udy ( "o bran* ( ! subject h]e9 treat$ ^u--viz41 ! managem5t ( horses on ! road4 #b ,! s\briquet by :i* ! ,au?or is kn[n 9 8 regim5t4 #c ,x1 h[ev]1 is treat$ m fully 9 a new section1 page #ic1 :i*1 at ! reque/ ( _m read]s1 & 9 consequ5ce ( its increas+ int]e/ to a l>ge portion ( ! community1 has be5 add$ to ?is edition4 #d ,! ,fr5* deal]s ( ! pres5t day *oose1 = g5tlem5's hack-horses1 *e/nuts ) legs :ite half-way up1 caus+ ! action to look m rem>kable4 8,!re's no acc\nt+ = ta/e40 #e ,x is to be rem>k$ ( bays1 m\se-col\rs1 & *e/nuts1 hav+ a /reak ( a d>k] col\r ov] ! backbone f mane to tail 7:i* sometimes1 z ) ! donkey1 crosses ! %\ld]7--t animals ?us m>k$ g5]ally possess peculi> p[]s ( endurance2 & rat-tail$ ones1 ?\gh ugly1 prove v s]viceable4 #f ,! extremes ( v>i\s bad positions ( ! head :5 ! bit is put 9 op]ation are--! ?r[+ up ! nose horizontal ) ! =ehead1 a trick d5om9at$ 8/>gaz+10 at :i* ewe-neck$ horses are v ready1 & gett+ ! bit up to ! angles ( ! jaws4 ,su* a horse c easily run away1 & _c be comm&$ )\t a m>t+al4 ,ano!r bad po9t is :5 ! animal leans 8 jaw firmly aga9/ ! bit1 &1 plac+ 8 head betwe5 8 =e legs1 ! neck be+ ov]-ar*$1 goes :]e he pleases3 su* is call$ by horsem5 8a bor]40 #g ,! rac] n com+ )9 ! prov9ce1 ( ?is little "w1 ,i w only (f] "o maxim ) ref]5ce to su* horses 9 g5]al--viz41 nev] race any horse unless y make up y\r m9d to h mo/ probably a fretful1 bad-temp]$ animal ev] aft]4 ,! c\rse ( tra9+ & ! excitem5t ( conte/ w induce su* a result4 #h ,if y happ5 to buy a l[-pric$ animal1 & dep5d ^u y\r own op9ion z to s\ndness1 x is well to feel & look closely at ! back "p ( ! =e leg1 above ! fetlock1 & along ! pa/]ns1 = cicatrices left aft] ! p]=mance ( ! op]ation ( unn]v+1 by means ( :i* a horse w g p]haps app>5tly s\nd :ile navicul> disease is progress+ 9 8 foot1 to t]m9ate 9 mo/ s]i\s consequ5ces4--,see 8,navicul> ,disease10 page #acd4 #i ,! old-fa%ion$ patt]n1 ) lea!r ge>1 is1 aft] all1 ! be/1 z prov$ by ! mo/ practical m5 ( ! day4 #aj ,x has be5 truly said by ! well-kn[n ,mr ,elmore1 t !re is a key to e horse's m\?1 requir+ only prop] h&s to apply x4 #aa ,! fam\s ,iri% jump] 8,di/ill]0 0 notori\s among _m o!r good f5c]s z a bungl] on ! road1 ?\gh he w\ld jump a six-foot-six /one wall ) ease1 sport+ two l>ge brok5 knees 9 consequ5ce ( 8 p]=mance 9 t l9e2 & 9 f5c+ he 0 also fir/-rate4 #ab ,i may recomm5d ,gibson1 #f ,cov5try ,/reet1 ,leice/] ,squ>e1 z an excell5t1 intellig5t1 & exp]i5c$ saddl]4 #ac ,lat*=d1 #aa ,upp] ,/ ,m>t9's ,lane1 ,london1 & all saddl]s4 #ad ,all ! =ego+ obs]vations on saddl]y apply equally to ladies' saddles4 ,m>k$ att5tion %\ld be paid be=e !y m\nt to ! gir?s1 :i* %\ld be v tight1 to prev5t ! saddle f turn+1 a lady's weight be+ (t5 altoge!r on "o side4 #ae ,z a good %\ld]1 su* z w keep a saddle 9 its place1 is "o ( ! great ess5tials 9 a g5tleman's hack1 or inde$ 9 an (fic]'s *>g]1 giv+ him lev]age to lift 8 legs safely & %[ily1 x /&s to reason t n _m su* w pass into ! ranks at ! ,gov]nm5t price = rem\nts1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is ample to supply animals suitable = ! s]vice1 & does s 9 regim5ts :]e ! class ( horse provid$ at once proves t ! :ole sum all[$ is inve/$ 9 ! rem\nt itself1 & prop] judgm5t ex]cis$ 9 pur*as+4 #af ,x might n be out ( place to m5tion1 = ! in=mation ( ^? :o desire to be well taught1 t1 to my own k1 ,all5's1 9 ,seym\r ,place1 ,bryan/one ,squ>e1 & ,cl>5don's1 9 ,great ,brunswick ,/reet1 ,dubl91 are excell5t rid+-s*ools4 #ag ,^? :o probably h nev] receiv$ a pr(essional rid+-lesson 9 _! lives1 b /ill1 f intuitive ta/e1 ride ) ease & ability4 #ah ,talk+ ( a horse be+ self-dep5d5t 9 8 movem5t on ! road1 puts me 9 m9d ( a *all5ge once accept$ by a v practical horseman1 to ride a notori\s /umbl] 7r$uc$ by ?is defect to m]e f>m-"w7 ?ree times r\nd ,/eph5's ,gre51 ,dubl9 7a di/ance ( ov] ?ree miles71 )\t fall+4 ,giv5 8 *oice ( bits1 "s be+ ( ! sev]e/ k9d1 he reject$ !m all1 desir+ ! groom to get him a common hemp halt]1 & ) ?is simple head-ge>1 rid+ b>e-back$1 he accompli%$ ! di/ance )\t ! slighte/ mi%ap1 & !reby won a l>ge bet4 ,! groom1 h[ev]1 resum$ ! use ( ! bit to ride ! horse home 7n[ feel+ suffici5t confid5ce to tru/ himself on 8 back in/ead ( lead+ him71 :5 ! animal fell on 8 knees be=e he _h gone a hundr$ y>ds4 #ai ,! incauti\s use ( t re91 :i* has lev]age on ! curb1 is v apt1 ) "y un=m$ horses1 or su* z h be5 only accu/om$ to ! bridoon or snaffle1 to induce a notion ( re>+1 especially 9 any?+ ( a r\gh attempt to 8re9 back0 )2 inde$1 ?is latt] po9t ( tra9+ %\ld be accompli%$ ) ! bridoon only4 #bj ,"o c sc>cely repress a smile on he>+ cross-c\ntry mis=tunes relat$1 z !y frequ5tly are1 9 pretty ne>ly ! foll[+ t]ms3--8,i f\nd my horse go+ sluggi%ly at 8 f5ces2 & "o place look+ r biggi%1 ,i %ook him up ) ! bit1 & put bo? heels into him to r\se him1 b someh[ or o!r ! brute took (f too soon1 caught 8 =e feet1 ,i suppose1 aga9/ some?+1 & came su* a cropp] on ! o!r side60 or1 8,! bea/ kept go+ at su* a bat at 8 f5ces t ,i br\ght him to book ) my h&s d[n1 & ) a good pull /eadi$ him2 b ! brute ) 8 awkw>dness miss$ 8 foot+ on l&+1 dropp$ 8 h9d legs into ! brook someh[1 & fell back on me1 giv+ me a regul> s\s+60 #ba ,9 obscure lam5ess1 to aid t[>ds discov]y ( ! affect$ "p1 hav+ fir/ decid$ :i* leg or foot is diseas$1 x is n a bad plan to walk ! animal into a /ream above ! knees & take him out aga9 7or h wat] da%$ at once fully ov] ! memb]71 !n kneel & closely obs]ve :i* spot on ! surface dries fir/--t :i* does s w probably prove to be ! mo/ inflam$ "p4 #bb ,9 d\ble h>ness1 to increase y\r p[] 9 turn+1 %ort5 ! c\pl+-re9s2 & to ease y\r horses1 l5g!n ^! to let _! heads "w m /raight =w>d4 #bc ,any "o desir+ h9ts 9 t l9e c h ! b5efit ( my exp]i5ce 9 deal+ ) su* cattle1 by apply+ to my publi%]4 #bd ,:5 a hame m>t+al /rap is us$1 ! pad belly-b& %\ld n be f9ally buckl$ until x has be5 pass$ ?r\gh ! o!r4 #be ,yankee fa%ion is to drive ) a re9 9 ea* h&4 ,?is /yle 9 ,irel& is humor\sly describ$ z 8driv+ ) a re9 9 ea* h& & a :ip 9 ! o!r40 #bf ,!re is a useful & inexp5sive contrivance = v tempor>y r\gh+1 pat5t$ & sold by ,john ,copp>d ,co41 #bd ,fleet ,/reet1 :o1 on be+ communicat$ )1 w =w>d descriptive p>ticul>s4 ,!re is also a capital & m p]man5t arrangem5t prep>$ & sold by ,mr ,morris ( #ba ,ra?bone ,place1 ,ox=d ,/reet1 be+ an improvem5t on ,mr ,:ite's plan ( fro/+ horses' %oes1 by screw+ ?ree %>p5$ cogs into ea*--"o at ea* heel & "o at ! toe--! %oes :5 put on be+ prep>$ to receive !m4 #bg ,a sugge/ion has be5 made by "o ( ! able/ review]s ( ! fir/ edition ( ?is "w1 to add a *apt] on caprices ( horses2 & d\btless su* w\ld be s extremely int]e/+1 t ! temptation to ins]t notes "u ?is head 9 my fir/ edition 0 only ov]come by ! det]m9ation to avoid be+ l$ into anecdote1 :i* has be5 /rictly obs]v$ ?r\gh\t1 z be+ out ( keep+ ) ! concise /yle 9 :i* x 0 int5d$ t ! book %\ld be produc$4 ,a few practical h9ts are1 h[ev]1 "h class$ "u ! head ( 8,caprice40 #bh ,a little "w on blood-lett+1 by ,pr(essor ,hugh ,f]guson ( ,dubl91 is well wor?y ( consultation on ! subject4 #bi ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is disease & attacks ( ! l[] visc]a is1 t ! animal does n kick ab\t1 b g5]ally /&s z if hopeless & helpless4 #cj ,practical m5 w tell y t ! readie/ & be/ way to mix grey p[d]1 z wat] w n make x adh]e1 is ) saliva 9 ! palm ( ! h&1 f :5ce x is transf]r$ by a blunt knife to ! horse's tongue ne> ! root1 ! tongue be+ drawn out = ! purpose4 ,i c v\* = ! efficacy ( ?is n v elegant proce$+ :]e exp$ition is an object1 hav+ witness$ x myself4 #ca ,?is w be f\nd almo/ a specific2 x is recomm5d$ by ,mr ,mayhew1 & is said to h orig9at$ ) ,mr ,woody]1 ,v4,s41 at ,padd+ton4 ,pr(essor ,dick is also reput$ to h be5 v successful 9 ! treatm5t ( ?is disease1 by ! use ( small & repeat$ doses ( iod9e or iodide ( potassium4 #cb ,?is treatm5t is recomm5d$ by ,mr ,mayhew4 #cc ,a few ( ! l[ class ( hors$eal]s are v clev] at pass+ (f a cribb] or w9d-suck]4 ,i h kn[n cases :]e "o might rema9 9 a /able = h\rs ) a cribb] & n detect him4 ,by keep+ a cont9ual wat* ov] ! animal & ?ra%+ him directly he attempts to crib1 he has be5 taught to bew>e ( transgress+ 9 ?is /yle 9 ! pres5ce ( any "o1 & ?us ev5 a vet]9>y surgeon may be deceiv$1 = he is n suppos$ to lose 8 "t look+ aft] su* details ( trick]y4 #cd ,= example1 an animal is 9 ne>ly a hopeless /ate f inflammation ( ! lungs & pleura1 p]haps z a complication ( di/emp]4 ,sudd5ly !re is an amelioration 9 ! symptoms2 ! hurri$ brea?+ resumes ! *>act]i/ics ( ord9>y respiration--! own]1 or vet]9>y surgeon 9 att5dance1 pron\nces ! pati5t to be out ( dang]--! improvem5t is reg>d$ z almo/ miracul\s4 ,b 9 ab\t tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 (t5 less1 ! horse is obs]v$ to move ) difficulty 9 ! /able2 if he lies d[n1 he is dis9cl9$ to get up2 :5 /&+1 ! =e feet are kept consid]ably m 9 advance ?an usual1 ! h9d ones f> =w>d "u ! body1 s t !y may z mu* z possible relieve ! =e feet & legs f ! sup]9cumb5t weight4 ,9 aggravat$ cases1 z ! heels ( ! =e feet are ! p>ts :i* be> ! mo/ weight 9 progression1 ! horse1 :5 =c$ to walk1 :i* he c only accompli% ) great difficulty1 elevates ! toe at e /ep1 br++ ! heel1 in/ead ( x1 to ! gr\nd4 ,! horse is !n suff]+ f acute lam9itis1 or :at is m g5]ally 9 horse-p>lance t]m$ 8f\nd]40 #ce ,prep>$ & sold by ,mr ,h4 ,r4 ,/ev5s1 ,v4,s41 #h;,a ,p>k ,lane1 ,london1 ,w41 & all *emi/s4 #cf ,! use ( ! cly/] syr+e by unskill$ h&s is v dang]\s--s]i\s injury to ! rectum be+ ! common result2 !re=e great caution %\ld be us$ to ins]t ! pipe 7well greas$7 sl[ly & n too high up ! *annel4 ,,index4 ,page ,absorb5ts #aei ,absorb5t sy/em #ajf ,acidity #afj ,aconite1 t9cture ( #afa ,age1 to judge ( #c ,ale & port] #bd1 #cg ,alt]atives #aei ,ambl+ or pac+ #cd ,am]ican /abl+ #ah ,am]ican c>riages #gd ,arabian horses #ie ,arnica lotion #aeg1 #aeh ,ars5ic #abd1 #afj ,auction #f1 #hi ,axle-boxes #gd ,back+ #ga ,back-rak+ #abb ,back1 sore #ch1 #aea ,ball1 mann] ( giv+ #ajd ,b&ag+ #ad ,b>k ( oak #aei ,beans & pease #bj1 #ba ,be>+-re9 #fc1 #ada ,b$d+ #i1 #aj1 #bg1 #ch ,belladonna #abg ,belly-b&1 caution #ei ,bits #ch1 #fb1 #gj ,bladd]1 inflammation ( #abg1 #aei ,ble$+ #aaa ,bl9k]s #fb1 #gj ,bli/]s & absorb5ts #aei1 #afj ,blood #id ,bo>d %ip #bd1 #ajd ,boot ( lea!r #ai ,bran ma% #bb ,break c>riage #e1 #cj ,break+ or tra9+ #bi ,break+ to h>ness #cj ,brea/plate #dh ,bre$+ #a1 #ic ,bridl+ #ch ,brit*+ #eh ,brok5 knees #ada ,brok5 w9d #aai ,bron*itis #aac ,bruis$ oats #ba ,bru%+ #gh ,buy+ #f ,calk9s or cogs #hj1 #hb ,calomel #abe ,cank] #acf ,cant]+ #cc1 #eb ,capp$ hock #ade ,caprice #ij ,c>riages #gc1 #ge ,c>rots #bc ,ca/+ #ajb ,cavalry rem\nts #dg ,cavesson #cc ,*aff #aj1 #aed ,*a9 fa/5+s #ag ,*alk #ae1 #aed1 #afj ,*ifney bit #db ,*loride ( z9c #aeh ,*lor(orm #ajb ,clap ( ! back s9ew #adc ,clean+ 9-doors #ab1 #ac ,climate #ie ,clipp+ #af ,clo?+ #ah ,cly/]s #aei ,cly/]s1 dang] ( us+ #ae1 #aei ,cold & influ5za #aaj ,colic & gripes #ajh1 #aba ,colic dr5* #aei ,coll> #fj ,col\r #b ,contagion #bf1 #aab1 #aaf ,contractors #be ,corns #gi1 #aca1 #adj ,co/iv5ess #abc ,c\gh #aae ,c\pl+-re9 #ef ,crack$ & greasy heels #acf ,crib-bit+ #aec ,croton-oil #ajh1 #aei ,crupp] #df1 #fc ,curb #ade ,d&riff #ad ,deal]s #f1 #g ,diabetes #abc ,diabetes dr5* #aei ,di>rha or dys5t]y #abj1 #aei ,dige/ive organs1 diseases ( #abj ,diseases #aja ,dis9fectants #aac1 #afa ,diuretics1 & dang] ( #abf ,dogs & cats #aa ,dragoons #cf1 #dg1 #dh1 #ej ,dra9age #h ,draught or traction #eh1 #gb ,dr5*1 way ( giv+ #aje ,driv+ #fe ,dumb jockey #cj ,dys5t]y #abj1 #aei ,ex]cis+ #ca1 #ajg ,exhibitions #id1 #ig ,eyes1 sore #aaj ,fairs #g ,fall+ 9 h>ness #gj ,f>cy #bf1 #ajg1 #adg ,febrifuges #aag ,fe$+ #bj ,fe$+ on bo>d %ip #bd ,feet1 diseases ( #abg ,f5c+ #ec ,fev] ( ! feet1 or lam9itis #acb1 #acc1 #aee ,fits #aag1 #aec ,floor+ #aj1 #adc ,fom5tations #adf ,foot1 con/ruction ( #abh ,foot-/opp+ #ac1 #ch ,fr5* horses #a1 #b1 #if ,fro/+ #hj ,gas wat] #adf ,gir?+ #dd ,gl&]s #bf1 #aji ,glyc]9e #aeh ,g\l>d lotion #aeh ,graz+ #bf ,grey p[d] #aae ,gripes #ajh1 #aba ,groom+ #ab ,grooms' doctor+ #ab ,grooms' requisites #ae ,gruel1 h[ to make #afa ,hack = draught #e ,hack to ride #c ,halt]-ca/ #ag ,halt]+ #af ,hames #eh1 #fa ,h>ness+ #ef ,h>ness-room #ef ,hay #ba ,head1 diseases ( #aji ,head-/all #af ,heels1 crack$ or greasy #acf ,hideb\nd #aej ,hills1 to asc5d or desc5d #fg1 #fh ,hood #ah ,horse %[s #id1 #ig ,hunt] #e1 #id ,inflammation ( bladd] #abe1 #aei ,inflammation ( kidneys #abe ,inflammation ( lungs #aad1 #aee ,influ5za #aaj ,indian gram #bb ,iod9e o9tm5t #aei ,iri% hunt]s #ic ,jibb]s #ga1 #hg ,jump+ #ec ,kick+ 9 h>ness #ei1 #ga1 #he ,kick+ 9 /able #he ,kick+-/rap #ca1 #ei ,kidneys1 inflammation ( #abe ,knee-caps #ai1 #ca ,knees1 brok5 #ada ,lam5ess #ee1 #gh1 #abh1 #adj ,lampas #aai ,lat*es1 dang] ( #aj ,lat]al c>tilage1 disease ( #ace ,laudanum #aba1 #aei ,laxatives #aeh ,lea!r boot #ai ,lea!r soles #hb ,legs1 diseases ( #abg ,light #i ,l9im5ts #aeh ,l9se$ ma% #bb ,l9se$-oil #ajh1 #aeh ,litt] #i1 #ace ,liv]1 diseases ( #abe ,logs to head1 tie #ag ,loose-boxes #i ,lotions #ada1 #aeh ,l\nge+ or r++ #cc1 #hd ,lungs1 inflammation ( #aad1 #aee ,mall5d]s & sall5d]s #add ,mane #ad ,mange #aej ,mang]s #aj ,m>t+als #dj ,ma%1 to make #bb ,megrims #aec ,m]curial o9tm5t #ada1 #afj ,m]cury4--,see ,calomel4 ,meta/asis #aee ,m\nt+ ( lady 9 side-saddle #ee ,mu/>d bli/] #afj ,navicul> disease #g1 #acd ,neck1 sore #ca ,nitre #aag1 #abf ,nose1 dis*>ge f1 or nasal gleet #aaj1 #aaf ,noseb& #db1 #fc ,numna or sweat-clo? #ch ,oak b>k #aei ,oats1 bruis$ #ba ,o9tm5ts #ada1 #afj ,op]ations #ajb ,op]ations1 slight #ajd ,opium1 t9cture ( #aba1 #abc ,out ( doors1 clean+ #ab1 #ac ,ov]-rea* or tread #adj ,pace1 g5]ally consid]$ #cd1 #if ,p>titions #aj ,pavem5t #i1 #aj1 #aa1 #adc ,pease #bj1 #bb ,peat or tan z b$d+ #aj1 #bg ,phosphoric acid #abd1 #aei ,pick] #ac1 #ae ,pole-*a9s & sw++-b>s #gc ,poll-evil #ag1 #aag ,port] & ale #bd1 #cg ,p\ltices #afj ,private pur*ase #g1 #ij ,prizes #id1 #ig ,public tr\ghs #bf ,pulse #aji ,purges #ajh1 #aeh1 #aei ,purg+ #ajf ,purg+1 to /op #ajh1 #aba ,putt+ to1 9 draught #eg ,quittor #ace ,race-horses #a1 #f ,rac+ laws #ig ,racks & mang]s #aj ,r>ey's sy/em #bh1 #ajb ,re>+ up #eb1 #hf ,re/oratives1 9 "w #bd1 #cg ,rid+ #di ,r++ or l\nge+ #cc ,r+-bone #add ,r+worm #adh ,roll]s #ai1 #aeb ,r\gh+ & fro/+ #hj ,runaways #ga ,saddl+ #dc ,sall5d]s #add ,salt #ae1 #abe1 #aed1 #afj ,s&-cracks #ach ,sav+-coll> #cj1 #fa ,s$ative #afa ,select+ #b ,sell+ #hi ,setons #aeb1 #aef ,sex #c ,%ape #a1 #c1 #e1 #f1 #id ,%eet1 %ape #ah ,%elly ho(s #acg ,%ipbo>d #bd1 #ajd ,%iv]+ fits #aag ,%oe+ #ge ,%y+ #hh ,side-saddle1 = m\nt+ lady to #ee ,side-saddle & gir?s #dd1 #de ,s+e+ #ae ,sitfa/s #aea ,size #a1 #b1 #gb1 #ie ,sk9 diseases #adh1 #adi1 #aej ,smell+1 s5se ( #hi ,solitude #aa1 #ic ,sore back #ch1 #aea ,sore eyes #aaj ,sore heels #acf ,sore m\? #bd1 #aeh ,sore neck #ca ,sore ?roat #aah ,sore )]s #ch1 #aea ,s\ndness #e ,spav91 blood #adf ,spav91 bone #add ,spl9t] & sw++ b>s #gc ,spl9ts #adb ,/able requisites #ae ,/abl+ #h ,/agg]s #aec ,/al+1 pr(use #abc ,/alls #i ,/eam+ ! head #aab ,/ev5s's o9tm5t #adb1 #ade1 #aei ,/irrup irons & lea!rs #de1 #df ,/oneh5ge #aa1 #cj ,/ones on ! road #ac1 #dj1 #ee ,/opp+ feet #ac1 #ch1 #gf1 #acd ,/ra9 ( back s9ew #aa1 #ad1 #hb1 #adc ,/rangles #aah ,/raw #i1 #aj ,/r+-halt #ade ,/ubbornness #ga1 #hg ,/umbl+ #dj1 #eb ,surfeit #adg1 #adi ,sweat+ #cb ,synovia #ada1 #adc1 #adf ,t> #ae1 #ace1 #ach1 #adj1 #aeh ,tee? #c1 #bd1 #aaf ,t]ret-pad & belly-b& #ei1 #fa ,t9ctures1 adm9i/ration ( #aeh ,tips #hc ,?or\gh-p9 #adf ,?roat-la% or b& #dc ,?roat1 sore #aah ,?ru% #ae1 #aca1 #ace ,traces #eg ,tra9+ #bh ,travell+ #cf1 #hd ,troop-horses #dg1 #ej ,trott+ #cd ,turp5t9e #aeg1 #aeh ,twit* #ge1 #ajd ,unn]v+ #g1 #acd ,ur9>y organs1 diseases ( #abe1 #abg1 #aei ,v5tilation #h1 #ah1 #ajb1 #aji1 #aab1 #aae1 #aah ,vice #hd ,v9eg> #add1 #aeh ,walk+ ex]cise #cb ,w>ranty #e1 #g ,wat]1 ext]nally #ab1 #acf ,wat]-dress+ #afj ,wat] f>cy #adh ,wat]+ #be ,:eels #gc ,:ip #fe ,w9d-galls #ad1 #adc ,w9d-suck+ #aec ,)]s1 sore #ch1 #aea ,"w #cc ,worms #bh1 #abd1 #afj ,worm-p[d] #abd ,w\nds #aeb ,wrick or wr5* #add ,yell[s #abe ,"y horses #id1 #ig ,z9c1 *loride ( #aeh ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,william ,,blackwood ,,& ,,sons1 ,,ed9burgh4