,transcriber's notes3 ,plus signs have been used to indicate small caps4 underscores have been used to identify italics4 equal signs have been used to identify bold text4 ,minor punctuation errors have been corrected4 ,the original book contains instances of hyphenated and unhyphenated variants of words4 ,these have been retained4 ,,the ,,horse ,,and ,,his ,,rider4 ,by ,,sir ,,francis ,b4 ,,head1 ,bart4 ,,works ,,by ,,sir ,,francis ,,head4 ,,rough ,,notes ,,of ,,journeys ,,across ,,the ,,pampas ,,and ,,over ,,the ,,andes4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,none of ,sir ,francis ,head's works have achieved a greater popularity than his ,gallop across the ,pampas4 ,written thoroughly con amore1 and with the easy flow of ideas that seem1 like their originator1 to be swinging along at a hand-gallop1 he carries us away with him over the boundless plains of ,south ,america1 free and untrammelled as himself4--,frazer's ,magazine1 ,jan4 #ahfa4 ,,descriptive ,,essays4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,bubbles ,,from ,,the ,,brunnen ,,of ,,nassau4 ,by an ,old ,man4 #afmo4 #es4 ,,the ,,emigrant4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,stokers ,,and ,,pokers2 or1 the ,london and ,north-,western ,railway4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,defenceless ,,state ,,of ,,great ,,britain4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,a ,,faggot ,,of ,,french ,,sticks4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,a ,,fortnight ,,in ,,ireland4 ,map4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,sir ,francis ,head's works are now so well known to the ,british public that it is almost superfluous to criticise their merits or their style4 ,his descriptions remind us of ,hogarth4 ,there is the same minute attention to details1 the same truthfulness of outline1 the same undercurrent of humour4--,frazer's ,magazine1 ,jan4 #ahfa4 ,,john ,,murray1 ,,albemarle ,,street4 ,,london3 ,,printed ,,by ,w4 ,,clowes ,,and ,,sons1 ,,stamford ,,street1 ,,and ,,charing ,,cross4 ,illustration3 the hounds are ,,late to-day6 ,,frontispiece ,,the ,,horse ,,and ,,his ,,rider4 ,by ,,sir ,,francis ,b4 ,,head1 ,bart4 ,illustration ,he grew unto his seat2 ,and to such wond'rous doing brought his horse1 ,as he had been incorps'd and demy-natur'd ,with the brave beast4 ,hamlet1 ,act iv4 ,scene #g4 ,,second ,,edition4 ,,london3 ,,john ,,murray1 ,,albemarle ,,street4 #ahfa4 ,the right of ,translation is reserved4 ,,preface4 ,the writer of this little volume deems it only fair to forewarn his readers that he is not1 and never has been1 an inhabitant of that variegated region in creation commonly called the sporting world4 ,he has never bred1 raced1 steeple-chased1 nor betted sixpence on any colt1 filly1 horse1 or mare4 ,he has never seen1 nor been seen by1 the ,jockey-,club4 ,he has never been on the turf4 ,he does not belong to the ring4 ,nevertheless1 sometimes in the performance of public duties1--sometimes from private inclination1--sometimes for the benefit of his health1--sometimes for recreation1--sometimes for rumination1--sometimes to risk his life1--and more than once to save it1 he has1 throughout a long and chequered career1 had to do an amount of rough-riding1 a little larger than has fallen to the lot of many men4 ,his observations and reflections on horses and horsemen he now ventures to submit to that portion only of the community who1 like himself1 preferring a long tether to a short one1 take exercise on four legs1 instead of on two4 ,,contents4 ,page ,preface #c ,contents #e ,preliminary ,observations--,the ,horse #g ,mr4 ,rarey's mode of subduing ,horses--compared with that practised in ,south ,america #af ,difference between the character and conduct of a wild horse and a tame one #bd ,horsemanship--a just seat--a light hand--their advantages in riding1 in leaping1 in galloping over rough ground1 in going fast down hill1 in falling #bh ,a jump into a stone-quarry--the ,mameluke's leap out of the ,citadel of ,cairo--,letter from ,gen4 ,moore1 and story of his fall on horseback over a precipice of #bcg feet #dd ,mode of riding at ,timber #ea ,water ,jumping--,scene at a ,northamptonshire brook #ed ,different ways of ,swimming a ,horse #fb ,judicious ,riding #fc ,use and ,abuse of ,spurs #fe ,how to treat a ,hunter in the ,field #gd ,how to bring a ,hunter ,home #hj ,how to ,dress for ,hunting #hi ,how to ,eat and ,drink for ,hunting #ig ,difference between ,leicestershire and ,surrey ,hunting #ajd ,the ,stable #ajf ,on ,shoeing #aad ,on ,roughing ,horses #aai ,saddles #aba ,bridles #abf ,intrinsic ,value of a ,horse #acj ,on ,shying #acb ,on ,singeing #acf ,meet of the ,pytchley ,hounds at ,arthingworth to draw ,waterloo ,gorse #adc ,effects created by the ,sight of ,hounds on ,horses1 ,men1 ,women1 ,children1 ,sheep1 ,lambs #aeb ,cruelty of ,hunting ,considered #aei ,the ,lamb and the ,fox #afc ,beneficial ,results1 social and pecuniary1 of ,hunting #afg ,sketch of the ,life and ,death of ,thomas ,assheton ,smith #agc ,on ,military ,horse-power #aie ,on ,hobbling and ,anchoring ,cavalry ,horses #bjf ,on ,chloroforming ,horses #bae ,illustration3 ,,man ,,and ,,his ,,rider4 ,,mode1 ,,in ,,northern ,,parts ,,of ,,south ,,america1 ,,of ,,riding ,,over ,,the ,,andes1 ,,on ,a ,,red ,,indian4 ,,query1 which ,,is ,,the ,,savage8 ,to face page #g4 ,,the ,,horse ,,and ,,his ,,rider4 ,the ,horse4 ,in almost every region of the globe1 not only on its surface1 but at different depths beneath it1 the history of the horse is recorded4 ,fossil remains1 says ,colonel ,hamilton ,smith in the twelfth volume of the ,naturalist's ,library1 of the horse have been found in nearly every part of the world4 ,his teeth lie in the ,polar ice along with the bones of the ,siberian mammoth2 in the ,himalaya mountains with lost1 and but recently obtained1 genera2 in the caverns of ,ireland2 and1 in one instance1 from ,barbary1 completely fossilized4 ,his bones1 accompanied by those of the elephant1 rhinoceros1 tiger1 and hyna1 rest by thousands in the caves in ,constadt2 in ,sevion at ,argenteuil with those of the mastodon2 in ,val d',arno and on the borders of the ,rhine with colossal urus4 ,but what is most deserving of attention is that while all the other genera and species1 found under the same conditions1 have either ceased to exist1 or have removed to higher temperatures1 the horse alone has remained to the present time in the same regions1 without1 it would appear1 any protracted interruption2 fragments of his skeleton continuing to be traced upwards1 in successive formations1 to the present surface of the earth--the land we live in4 ,in like manner in history1 sacred1 profane1 and modern1 the horse is to be found omnipresent1 sharing in the conquests1 in the defeats1 in the prosperity1 in the adversity1 in the joys1 in the sorrows1 in the occupations1 and in the amusements of man4 ,in ,genesis xlvii4 #ag1 ,moses records that the ,egyptians 7#agbi years before ,christ71 at a time when the famine was sore in the land of ,canaan1 gave to ,joseph their horses in exchange for bread4 ,two hundred and thirty-eight years afterwards 7#adia ,b4,c471 six hundred chosen chariots for nobles and generals1 all the war chariots of ,egypt armed with iron to break the enemy's battalions1 the horsemen1 and all the host of ,pharaoh1 in their pursuit of the children of ,israel1 were overthrown in the midst of the ,red ,sea1 so that there remained not so much as one of them4--7,exodus1 chap4 xiv47 ,then sang ,moses and the children of ,israel this song unto the ,lord1 and spake1 saying1 ,i will sing unto the ,lord1 for he has triumphed gloriously3 the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea4--,exodus1 chap4 xv4 ,the ,canaanites whom ,joshua engaged at the waters of ,merom had cavalry1 and a multitude of chariots drawn by horses4 ,sisera1 general of ,jabin1 ,king of ,hazor1 had #ijj chariots of iron4 ,judah could not get possession of the lands because the ancient inhabitants of the country were strong in chariots of iron4 ,the ,philistines1 in their war against ,saul1 had #cj1jjj chariots and #fjjj horsemen4 ,david having taken #ajjj chariots of war from ,hadadezer1 ,king of ,syria1 hamstrung the horses1 and burned #ijj chariots4 ,during the latter periods of the ,jewish monarchy ,palestine abounded in horses4 ,in #a ,kings1 chap1 iv41 it is stated that ,solomon had #dj1jjj stalls of horses for his chariots1 and #ab1jjj horsemen4 ,cyntacus1 a ,king of ,ethiopia1 entered ,egypt at the head of #ajj1jjj cavalry2 and from that period to ,balaklava1 and from it to the last battle in modern history1 horses in greater or less numbers have shared in the dangers of war4 ,in many instances the history of an individual horse forms part and parcel of the history of his rider3 accordingly we learn that ,bucephalus 7so called because his head resembled that of a bull1 71 when thirty years old1 saved the life of ,alexander the ,great1 who1 in remembrance1 built a city which he called after his name4 ,we are1 moreover1 taught in our schools1 that the ,emperor ,c4 ,caligula1 as an especial honour to his favourite horse1 not only created him a high-priest and consul1 but caused him to live in marble apartments1 in which he stalked about adorned with the most valuable trappings and pearls the ,roman empire could supply4 ,in statuary1 ancient as well as modern1 the horse lives with his rider4 ,on the frieze of the ,temple of ,minerva1 in the ,acropolis of ,athens1 at ,nineveh1 and numerous other localities1 are to be seen sculptured or painted1 more or less beautifully1 ancient figures of men on horseback4 ,in all the great cities of ,europe the horse and his rider1 or rather the rider and his horse1 are ornaments deemed worthy to occupy conspicuous positions in the most important thoroughfares4 ,accordingly in ,london1 within a few hundred yards of each other1 are to be seen equestrian statues of ,kings ,charles ,i41 ,william ,,iii41 ,george ,,iii41 and ,george ,,iv4 ,mounted on one charger1 the ,duke of ,wellington in his cocked hat and feathers1 military cloak1 sword1 pistols and spurs1 in all weathers1 rides triumphantly on the summit of an arch at the western end of ,london1 while1 at the same moment1 in pantaloons and shoes1 without hat1 stirrups1 or spurs1 mounted on another charger1 he appears1 as a sentinel1 in front of the ,bank of ,england1 the commercial heart of the empire4 ,among the great potentates of the earth1 the coin that is most currently used1 in proffers to each other of amity and friendship1 is a horse4 ,and accordingly1 the ,beys of ,tunis1 of ,algiers1 and ,egypt2 every sovereign in ,europe1 including the ,czar of ,russia1 and the ,sultan of the ,turks2 the ,emperor of ,morocco1 the ,kings of ,persia and ,abyssinia1 and other rulers of smaller name1 have transmitted to the ,queen of ,great ,britain1 with due compliments1 specimens of their finest horses4 ,in the ,life of ,bruce1 the ,abyssinian traveller1 it is recorded that ,fasil1 after having assembled the leaders of the ,galla tribes1 said to the noble ,briton1 ,now1 before all these men1 ask me any thing you have at heart1 and be it what it may1 they know ,i cannot deny it to you6 ,bruce1 of course1 asked to be conducted immediately to the head of the ,nile4 ,fasil then turned to his seven chiefs1 who got up4 ,they all stood round in a circle and raised the palms of their hands1 while he and the ,galla with great apparent devotion repeated together a prayer1 about a minute long4 ,now1 says ,fasil1 go in peace3 you are a ,galla4 ,this is a curse upon them and their children1 their corn1 grass1 and cattle1 if ever they lift their hand against you or yours1 or do not defend you to the utmost1 if attacked by others4 ,upon this1 ,bruce offered to kiss his hand1 and they all went to the door of the tent1 where there stood a very handsome grey horse4 ,take this horse1 said ,fasil1 as a present from me4 ,but do not mount it yourself4 ,drive it before you1 saddled and bridled as it is4 ,no man of ,maitsha will touch you when he sees that horse1--which proved a magician that led him towards his object--an gis that shielded him on his way4 ,in like manner to the people of ,france1 the ',moniteur' has just officially made the two following announcements3-- ,algiers1 #aith ,september1 #ahfj4 ,the ,emperor and ,empress yesterday morning laid the first stone of the fine boulevard which is to run along the shore4 ,an immense concourse of persons1 both ,french and native1 were collected1 eager to see their ,majesties1 and the ceremony displayed a most picturesque character4 ,under the skilful direction of ,general ,jusuf1 contingents of the ,kabyle infantry and cavalry of the three provinces1 with all the ,aghas and ,caids at their head1 had been assembled to come and pay homage to the ,emperor4 ,after a sham fight between the different tribes a grand fantasia took place by from #ijjj to #aj1jjj horsemen rushing forward at the swiftest gallop1 and discharging their firearms before their ,majesties' tent2 afterwards a magnificent charge was given by twelve squadrons of ,spahis1 crossing the plain like a hurricane2 then followed tilting matches1 gazelle1 ostrich1 and falcon hunts2 a grand filing-off of the ,touaregs1 with their faces veiled1 and mounted on their camels2 and of the ,chambaas1 those inhabitants of the depths of the ,desert1 and the future carriers of ,french commerce into the ,soudan4 ,after1 in short1 one of the most splendid spectacles that could be imagined1 all the ,goums1 forming an immense line of battle1 advanced majestically1 with banners displayed and muskets held high in the air1 towards the eminence on which the ,emperor's tent had been pitched4 ,the chiefs1 clad in the richest burnous1 alighted from their steeds and came in a body to present the horse of homage1 caparisoned with gold1 and thus perform an act of submission to the ,sovereign of ,france4 ,at this moment1 rendered solemn by the beauty of the scene and the warlike appearance of the various tribes whose long resistance has given glory to the ,french arms1 the ,emperor could not prevent himself from giving way to visible emotion4 ,the ,bey of ,tunis was present at this grand solemnity4 ,paris1 #bhth ,september1 #ahfj4 ,general ,count ,pierre ,schouvaloff1 ,grand ,master of ,police at ,st4 ,petersburg1 and his brother1 ,count ,paul ,schouvaloff1 both aides-de-camp to the ,emperor of ,russia1 were received the day before yesterday by the ,emperor ,napoleon1 and had the honour of presenting to his ,majesty four horses1 sent as a present by the ,emperor ,alexander4 ,these fine animals1 which have been accompanied to ,paris by a veterinary surgeon1 four hussars1 and a non-commissioned officer of the ,imperial ,guard1 are of the celebrated ,orloff race1 and come from the ,imperial breeding stud at ,chrenovsky4 ,they were selected from among a great number by the ,czar himself2 and during the two mouths that their journey from the very heart of ,russia has occupied1 they have been the objects of the greatest care4 ,his ,majesty greatly admired the beauty1 strength1 and symmetry of the horses1 and expressed to the ,counts ,schouvaloff how gratified he felt at a mark of attention which showed the friendly relations existing between the two ,sovereigns4 ,in war1 the value of these noble animals to man is well described by ,shakspeare's thrilling exclamation of ,king ,richard-- ,a horse6 a horse6 my kingdom for a horse6 ,in like manner1 in civil life1 how often has the schoolboy1 who in his infancy had clutched with ecstasy his toy--a little spotted horse on wheels--felt that he would give his birthright for a pony6 ,on his arriving at ,oxford or ,cambridge1 how often has the undergraduate1 for the professed purposes of application and recreation1 submitted to his parents or guardians a supplication for those three stereotyped wants of college life1 a little money1 a private tutor1 and a horse6 ,afterwards1 in his manhood1 and even in his old age1 how often has the ,prime ,minister of ,england1 during a most important debate1 risen from his seat in ,parliament to propose to the legion of senators around him that this ,house shall adjourn from ,tuesday to ,thursday1 for the well known object 7acknowledged by loud and protracted cheering7 of enabling himself1 those who surround him1 and everybody else1 to go to the ,derby1 to purchase ,dorling's correct card of the names of the ,,horses1 and the colours of their ,,riders6 ,among our leading statesmen1 how many1 as patrons of the turf1 have purchased for several thousand guineas--a horse6 ,how many1 including ,pitt1 ,fox1 ,lord ,althorp1 ,lord ,derby1 ,lord ,palmerston1 ,sir ,francis ,burdett1 c41 c41 have been ardent followers of hounds6 ,her ,majesty ,queen ,victoria and the ,emperor ,napoleon ,,iii4 each keep a pack of stag-hounds2 the ,prince ,consort1 a pack of harriers4 ,during the ,peninsular war1 and again while commanding the army of occupation in ,france1 the ,duke of ,wellington1 besides fighting and writing1 maintained either a pack of fox-hounds or boar-hounds4,a ,george ,,iii4 was strongly attached to hunting2 his great grandson1 the ,prince of ,wales1 loves it better still4 ,in all our streets1 in our fields1 in our highways and bye-ways1 along the surface of merry ,england1 and across it2 under ground in coal-mines2 revolving in a mill2--in short1 in every direction1 and wherever we go1 we see before us--sometimes as man's companion1 sometimes as his servant1 sometimes as his slave1 and occasionally as his master--the horse1 respecting which and his rider we will now1 without further preamble1 venture to offer to our readers the few following remarks4 ,footnote ,a3 ,about #dd years ago a ,frenchwoman1 the proprietor of a small farm1 showed us1 as a great curiosity1 a billet de logement1 which had been inflicted upon her1 of which the following is a translated copy3-- ,the widow ---- will lodge for one night fifty-four dogs4 ,the ,duke of ,wellington's hounds just arrived from ,england4 7,signed7 ----1 ,mayor4 ,imaginez-vous donc1 exclaimed the poor old lady1 uplifting her eyes and the palms of both hands2 ,imaginez-vous donc--cinquante-quatre chiens66 ,mr4 ,rarey's ,mode of ,subduing ,horses4 ,it is a singular fact1 that although ,england produces the finest horses in the world1 and though the ,english people have always fancied they understood their management better than any other nation1 yet1 lately1 not only have we all been astonished by the superior knowledge on this subject of a trans-,atlantic cousin1 but what is still more surprising1 our sporting men have rushed forwards to pay to ,mr4 ,rarey no less a sum than about #ae1jjjl4 for exhibiting to them a system of horse-breaking1 the philosophy of which is based upon a few simple facts1 which1 although unreflected on1 have ever been lying close before our eyes4 ,of all animals in creation1 there is no one we should all of us be so very sorry to lose as the horse4 ,in peace and in war1 on burning sands under the equator1 or on eternal snow in the frigid zone1 for pleasure or for business1 well fed or starving1 he is always not only ready1 but eager1 to the utmost of his strength1 to serve a master1 but too often inconsiderate1 ungrateful to him1 and unjust4 ,as soon as his courage is excited1 no fall1 bruise1 blow1 or wound1 that does not paralyse the mechanism of his limbs1 will stop him2 indeed1 with his upper and lower jaw shot away1 and with the skin dangling in ribands1 we have seen him cantering1 apparently careless and unconscious of his state1 alongside of the horse artillery gun from which he had just been cut adrift4 ,but although in the hunting-field1 on the race-course1 or in harness1 a horse will generally1 from sheer pluck1 go till he drops1 yet1 whenever he encounters physical strength greater than his own1 our hero all of a sudden acts like an arrant coward4 ,for instance1 in the mail1 it apparently matters not to the spirit of the horses whether there be one passenger or six--light bags or heavy ones2 on the contrary1 the greater the weight1 the more eagerly do they strain to force it to follow them4 ,the faster they are allowed to go1 the harder do they pull1 until1 if the reins were to break1 they would enjoy the opportunity by running away1 not as in the days of ,phaeton with the chariot of the sun1 but with say a ton and a half1 of they know not what1 at their heels4 ,and yet1 if on the following day the same high-flying1 high-spirited1 high-mettled horses were to be hooked to a sturdy living oak tree1 after two or three ineffectual snatches to move it1 no amount of punishment would be sufficient to induce them to go to the end of their traces2 in short1 to use a well-known expression1 they would all jib4 ,again1 if a horse in harness1 however resolutely he may be proceeding1 slips upon pavement1 and falls heavily on his side1 after vainly making three or four violent struggles to rise1 he becomes all of a sudden so completely cowed1 that not only without any resistance does he allow his harness piecemeal to be unbuckled1 the carriage detached1 and pushed away far behind him1 but1 when lying thus perfectly unfettered1 it requires kicks1 stripes1 and a malediction or two1 to induce him to make the little effort necessary to rise from his prostrate state4 ,again1 in the hunting-field1 a noble1 high-couraged horse1 a rusher at any description of fence1 the very sight of which seems to inflame his ardour1 in most gallant style charges a brook1 which when he is in the air he sees is too broad to be cleared4 ,on his chest striking against the bank1 and while his rider1 delighted at feeling that he is not a bit hurt1 is luxuriously rolling over and over on the green grass like a rabbit that at full speed has been shot dead1 this gallant steed makes two1 three1 or four desperate efforts to get to him2 and yet1 simply because the mud at the bottom of the brook catches hold of his hind feet1 and the sticky perpendicular clay bank grasps his fore ones1 his courage suddenly fails him1 and as nothing will then induce him to make another effort1 it becomes necessary to send1 often several miles1 for cart-horses to drag this high-bred animal out by his neck4 ,but although this strange mixture of courage and cowardice appears to us at first to be inexplicable1 yet on reflection we must perceive that it is in strict accordance with the beneficent decree that man should have dominion over every beast of the field4 ,the weight and muscular strength of a horse multiplied into each other1 form a momentum which1 if his courage were as indomitable as that of man1 would make him the master instead of the servant of the human race2 and accordingly1 although1 for all the purposes for which man can require them1 his energy and endurance are invincible1 yet1 to ensure his subjection1 his courage has been so curiously constituted1 that1 as it were1 by touching the small secret spring of a safety valve1 the whole of it instantly evaporates2 and although ,mr4 ,rarey has not exactly explained this theory1 he has1 with extraordinary intelligence and success1 reduced it to practice as follows3-- ,when a horse of a sensitive and sensible disposition is placed under the care of a man of weak nerves1 he very soon finds out that1 by the help of his body1 teeth1 and heels1 that is to say by squeezing1 crushing1 biting1 and kicking his groom1 he is able to frighten him2 and no sooner is this victory attained1 than the tyrant begins to misbehave himself to everybody in every possible way1 until1 as in the case of ,cruiser1 it is declared dangerous to approach him1 even with food2 that no man can ride him2 in fact1 that he is an animal beautiful to look at1 but thoroughly useless to mankind4 ,now1 to cure this disorder1 the wild beast1 for such he is1 with great precaution1 by several guy-ropes1 is led close to the wheel of a waggon1 under which ,mr4 ,rarey1 putting his hands through the spokes1 manages to lift up and gently strap up one fore-leg1 and to affix a long strap to the fetlock of the other1 which two simple operations at once ensure the victory he is about to attain4 ,as it gives a horse not the slightest pain or inconvenience to stand for a short time on one fore-leg1 ,cruiser1 while amazed he stares around1 is scarcely aware that he is doing so2 and as he is totally unconscious of the existence of the other strap1 he is perfectly astounded to find that no sooner does he attempt to resent ,mr4 ,rarey's bold approach and grasp1 than1 apparently by the irresistible power of man1 he is suddenly deprived of the use of both his fore-legs4 ,the longer and the more violently he can be encouraged to resist1 the more deathlike will be the trance in which he is about to lie4 ,he struggles--struggles--struggles--until1 as in the three instances we have described1 his courage all at once evaporates1 and with heaving flank1 panting nostrils1 palpitating heart1 flabby muscles1 and the perspiration bursting through every pore in the skin1 he then allows his conqueror to sit on his ribs1 to fiddle in his ears1 drum to the gaping and gasping audience3 in short1 as the ,duke of ,wellington described ,lord ,ellenborough's proclamation about the gates of ,sumnauth1 to sing over his carcase a song of triumph4 ,and thus as ,achilles was mortally wounded in the only vulnerable part of his body--the heel1--so does ,cruiser find that in a heart which had never before failed him1 and which had been the terror of all who approached him1 there exists a weak point1 discovered by ,mr4 ,rarey1 which has caused his complete subjection to man4 ,is this the face that faced ten thousand men1 ,and was at last out-faced by ,bolingbroke8 ,in old times this conversion of the bully into the coward could only be effected1 at great risk1 by courage and physical force1 as follows3-- ,some years ago ,captain ----1 the well-known steeple-chase rider1 bought at ,tattersall's1 for a very small sum1 a magnificent horse that no stranger in the yard dared approach1 and which therefore was put up and honestly sold as a man-killer4 ,on these propensities being explained by the purchaser to his head groom1 the resolute fellow bluntly replied that he would not at all object to take care of the beast provided he were allowed1 in self-defence1 to kill or cure him2 and accordingly1 as soon as the homicide entered his stable1 with a steady step1 but avoiding looking into his eye1 he walked up to him1 and then1 not waiting for a declaration of war1 but with a short1 heavy bludgeon1 striking the inside of his knees1 he knocked his fore legs from under him1 and the instant he fell1 belaboured his head and body until the savage proprietor of both became so completely terrified1 that he ever afterwards seemed almost to quail whenever his conqueror walked up to him4 ,now1 on comparing the two opposite systems1 humane and inhuman1 scientific and unscientific1 just described1 it must be apparent to everybody1 that while for the latter a powerful hero must be procured1 all that is requisite for the former is calmness1 gentleness1 and two little straps which1 in a lower stratum1 physically fight a desperate battle1 above which man morally and serenely presides2 the horse1 nevertheless1 all the while ascribing to him alone the whole credit of the victory eventually attained4 ,under the ordinary process used by horse-breakers1 it requires several weeks before a colt--often broken down as well as in by the operation--surrenders his own will to that of his rider1 whereas ,mr4 ,rarey has not only in public repeatedly demonstrated1 but many who have followed his prescription have testified1 that a young thorough-bred horse1 perfectly unbroken1 can1 in the course of about half-an-hour1 be so thoroughly conquered by the two straps which he conceives to be part and parcel of the irresistible strength of his master1 that so soon as he is satisfied that his own powers of resistance are of no avail1 he subserviently allows himself to be bridled1 saddled1 mounted1 and ridden4 ,the principle of ,mr4 ,rarey's system of domination is at this moment curiously exemplified in the little dairy farm-yard of ,mr4 ,roff1 residing on the ,brighton road1 near ,croydon4 ,some months ago1 on approaching these premises1 we observed a lot of children playing with a yearling colt1 who1 to our surprise1 was allowing them to crawl between his legs and fondle him in various ways1 just as if he were a dog4 ,on riding into the yard to inquire by what magical means the little quadruped had been made so gentle and tame1 we were informed by the old farmer who owned him that his wife1 kind to all her beasts1-- ,she milk'd the dun cow that ne'er offer'd to stir3 ,though wicked to all1 it was gentle to her1-- had for many years been yearning to add to them a pet colt2 that accordingly he had lately bought her one1 and that she had tamed it3 with uxorious pride he added she could tame anything4 ,as1 however1 we were perfectly convinced that his good wife1 in spite of her comely1 honest face1 could not fascinate a horse's heart quite as easily as a husband's1 we cross-questioned the latter for a considerable time1 until he at last mentioned 7as if it had nothing whatever to do with the subject7 that when he purchased the yearling 7whose mother had just died71 not knowing how to bring it to his wife1 with the assistance of one or two men he strapped together all its four feet1 and then1 lifting it into his cart1 just as if it had been a calf1 he trotted away with it1 jolting it and jumbling it till he reached his home1 where he uncarted it1 and1 in due time1 with his own hands1 restored to it the use of its limbs4 ,of course this was a much stronger dose of discipline and subjection than ,mr4 ,rarey has ever found necessary to administer1 even to ,cruiser2 and there can exist no doubt it was this cooling medicine1 this soothing mixture1 which had produced the strange and salutary effects that had attracted us into the little yard4 ,and thus1 in every region of the globe1 not only colts and horses1 but all living animals1 man especially included1 surrender at discretion to any authority which1 after a fruitless struggle--such a one for instance as induced ,napoleon ,i41 on the #aeth of ,july1 #ahae1 to seek for refuge on board ,h4 ,m4 ship ,bellerophon from the allied armies of ,europe--they find it to be utterly impossible to resist4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the differences between the character and conduct of a wild horse and a tame one are1 we believe1 not very clearly understood4 ,it is generally conceived that in the difficulty of adhering1 technically termed sticking to the back of a horse1 there exist three degrees of comparison1 namely3-- #a4 ,that it is rather difficult to ride a horse that has been broken in4 #b4 ,that it is exceedingly difficult to ride one that has been petted1 patted1 bitted1 lounged1 but not mounted4 #c4 ,that it must be almost impossible to mount and ride a wild horse just caught1 that has never been touched by a human hand4 ,we will1 however1 humbly venture to assert that1 in certain instances1 the three steps of this little ladder might be reversed4 #a4 ,in a state of nature the horse is such a zealous advocate of our popular principle of self-government1 he is so desirous to maintain his independence1 that although he will allow almost any quadruped1 even wolves and lions1 to approach within a certain distance1 yet the moment he sees a man1 though on horseback1 he instinctively turns his tail towards him1 and1 when followed1 gallops away4 ,if1 consequently1 by the triumph of reason over instinct he be caught1 or rather by the lasso tumbled head over heels1 saddled1 and if all of a sudden1 to his vast astonishment1 he finds sitting astride his back1 with a cigar in his mouth1 the very human being he has always been avoiding1 his first and almost only feeling is that of fear2 and accordingly1 if he be retained by the bridle1 instantaneously1 by a series of jumps on all four legs1 he makes impromptu his first hurried1 untaught1 unpractised effort to dislocate a rider4 ,but if1 instead of being as it were invited to perform these unsophisticated antics1 he be allowed1 or rather1 by whip and severe spurs1 be propelled to do what he most ardently desires1 namely1 run away1 his power of resistance is over1 and his subjection inevitable4 ,for at the top of his speed1 just as when swimming1 a horse can neither rear1 kick1 nor plunge1 and therefore at his best pace he proceeds on his sure road to ruin1 until not only all his wind is pumped out of him1 but after that1 until twisted hide-thong and sharp iron have converted his terror of man into an ardent desire to be obedient to his will4 ,in fact1 like a small nation that has unsuccessfully been contending against a great one1 he wishes to put an end to the horrors of war1 and to sue for the blessings of peace4 #b4 ,if a domestic horse that has been handled1 fondled1 but never ridden1 be suddenly saddled and mounted1 the rider has greater difficulties to encounter than those just described3 for the animal is not only gifted by nature with all the propensities of the wild horse to reject man1 but1 from being better fed1 he has greater strength to indulge in them2 besides which he enjoys the immense advantage of being in a civilized1 or1 in plainer terms1 an enclosed country4 ,accordingly1 instead of being forced to run away1 his rider is particularly afraid lest he should do so1 simply because he knows that the remedy which would cure the wild horse1 would probably kill him4 ,in fact1 the difference to the rider between an open and an enclosed field of battle is exactly that which a naval officer feels in scudding in a gale of wind out of sight of land1 and in being caught among sandbanks and rocks in a narrow channel4 #c4 ,of all descriptions of horses1 wild and tame1 by far the most difficult to ride is that young ,british thorough-bred colt of two or three years old that has been regularly broken in by himself1 without giving the slightest warning1 to jump away sideways1 spin round1 and at the same moment kick off his rider4 ,the feat is a beautiful and well-arranged combination of nature and of art4 ,like the pugilistic champion of ,england--,tom ,sayers--he is a professional performer1 gifted with so much strength and activity1 and skilful in so many quick1 artful tricks and dodges1 that any country practitioner who comes to deal with him is no sooner up than down1 to rise from his mother earth with a vague1 bewildered1 incoherent idea as to what had befallen him1 or how he got there4 ,if a horse of this description and a wild one were to be mounted simultaneously1 each by an equally good rider1 in an unenclosed1 uncultivated region1 both the quadrupeds probably at the same moment would be seen to run away3 the ,briton for ever1 to gain his liberty2 the other quadruped1 just as surely1 to lose it6 ,having now sufficiently discussed the character and conduct of the horse1 we will presume to offer1 or rather to bequeath to our readers1 a very few observations as regards his rider4 ,seat on a ,horse4 ,the best position of a man on horseback is1 of course1 that which is most agreeable to both animals1 and which1 from its ease and flexibility1 as they skim together over the surface of the earth1 apparently combines them into one4 ,like everything in ,nature1 the variety of seats is infinite4 ,they may1 however1 generically be divided into two classes3 #a4 ,in the great plains of ,south ,america1 in which it may truly be stated that for every male inhabitant above five or six years of age ,nature maintains at no cost1 no tax1 and at no trouble to him1 a stud of horses whose number is legion1 the rider sits almost perpendicularly1 with the great toe of each foot resting very lightly on1 and often merely touching its small triangular stirrup1 his legs grasping the horse's sides slightly or tightly1 as prosperous or adverse circumstances may require4 ,in this attitude1 which may be said to be that of standing astride over rather than sitting upon the saddle1 the pivot upon which the rider1 gracefully bending his body with a ball and socket movement1 turns--in throwing his lasso1 in thrusting his lance forwards on either side1 or in looking behind him--is what is termed by sporting men his fork4 ,in the few instances where pistols are carried1 they are affixed behind the right thigh1 firstly1 that in the common occurrence of the horse falling in his gallop1 they may not prevent the rider from rolling clear away from him2 and1 secondly1 because in that position the weapons are close to the rider's right hand1 which1 as he flies along1 is to be seen always dangling just above the but ends1 ready to grasp them the instant they are required4 ,this attitude is not only highly picturesque1 but particularly easy to the rider1 who1 while partaking of the undulating motion of his horse1 can rest his wearied body by slight imperceptible changes of position on the pivot or fork1 on which1 like corn waving in the wind1 it bends4 ,the ,british cavalry sit astride above their saddles very nearly in this attitude1 which1 as we have just explained1 enables them with great facility to cut1 or give point in front1 right or left1 at cavalry or at infantry2 and if they were not embarrassed by their clothing1 as well as by their accoutrements1 and if1 as in the region to which we have alluded1 they were to use no pace but the gallop1 each would soon become1 or rather he could not help apparently becoming1 part and parcel of his horse4 ,but our gallant men1 although they have been subjected to innumerable experimental changes of dress1 c41 continue not only hampered and imperilled by a hard cloak1 holsters1 and carbine affixed in front of their thighs1 and imprisoned1 especially round their necks1 within tight clothing1 but their travelling pace1 the trot 7a jolting movement unknown and unheard of in the plains of ,south ,america71 gives to their body and limbs a rigidity painful to look at1 and in long journeys wearisome to man and horse4 ,indeed in the ,french cavalry1 and occasionally in our own1 the manner in which the soldier1 in not a bad attitude1 is seen hopping high into the air1 on and off his saddle1 as his horse1 at apparently a different rate1 trots beneath him1 forms as ridiculous a caricature of the art of riding as the pencil of our ,punch's ,leech could possibly delineate4 #b4 ,throughout the ,united ,kingdom1 civilians of all classes1 gentlemen1 farmers1 and yeomen1 especially those who occasionally follow the hounds1 adopt what is commonly called the hunting seat1 in which1 instead of the fork1 the knees form the pivot1 or rather hinge1 the legs beneath them the grasp1 while the thighs1 like the pastern of a horse1 enable the body above to rise and fall as lightly as a carriage on its springs4 ,in this attitude the rider cannot turn his body to the right or left1 or look behind him as easily as he could revolve upon his fork4 ,for rough riding1 however1 of every description1 the hunting seat1 though infinitely less graceful1 is superior to that of the cavalry of ,europe1 for the following reasons3-- ,one of the most usual devices by which a horse endeavours to1 and but too often succeeds in dislodging his rider1 is by giving to his back1 by a sudden kick1 a jerk upwards1 which1 of course1 forces in the same direction towards the sky that nameless portion of humanity which was partly resting on it1 and which in the cavalry cannot possibly get very far away from it4 ,but1 in the hunting seat1 the instant the rider expects such a kick1 by merely rising in his stirrups he at once raises or abstracts from the saddle the point his enemy intends to attack1 and accordingly the blow aimed at it fails to reach it4 ,again1 on approaching a large fence1 by the same simple precaution1 the rider entirely avoids the concussion of that sudden jerk or effort necessary to enable the horse to clear it4 ,in a fall1 the pommel of the saddle and the horse's neck and head are much easier cleared by short stirrup-leathers than by long ones4 ,lastly1 in a common trot1 the former soften the jolt1 which the latter cannot easily avoid4 ,in short1 in a hunting seat1 the rider1 to his great comfort and relief1 rests more or less on his saddle as long as he likes1 and yet1 the instant he anticipates a blow from it1 leaves it1 without metaphor 444 behind him4 ,of horsemanship it may truly be said1 that about four-fifths of the art depend on attaining a just seat1 and one-fifth on possessing a pair of light hands4,b ,but although the attainment of these advantages is not incompatible with an easy1 erect position on horseback1 the generality of riders are but too apt to sit on their horses in the bent attitude of the last paroxysm or exertion which helped them into the saddle4 ,now1 when a man in this toad-like position rides along--say a macadamized road--he travels always ready1 at a moment's notice1 to proceed by himself in the direction in which he is pointing1 in case the progress of his horse should be suddenly stopped by his falling down4 ,indeed1 when a horse1 without falling down1 recovers by a violent struggle from a bad trip1 a heavy rider in this attitude 7called by ,sir ,bellingham ,graham a wash-ball seat7 is very liable to shoot forwards over his head in a parabolic curve1 ending in a concussion of his brain or in the dislocation of his neck1--the horse standing by his motionless body perfectly uninjured4 ,on the other hand1 when a man sits upright1 justly balanced on his saddle1 any sudden jerk or movement forwards throws his shoulders backwards4 ,if therefore1 while proceeding in that position1 the horse thinks proper to fall1 the animal in the first instance is the sole sufferer4 ,he cuts his forehead1 hurts his nose1 breaks his knees1 bruises his chest1 while his head1 neck1 fore-legs1 and the forepart of his body1 forced into each other like the joints of a telescope1 form a buffer1 preventing the concussion the horse has received1 from injuring1 in the smallest degree1 the rider1 or even the watch in his pocket1 which1 without being ejected from the saddle1 goes ticking1 ticking1 ticking on1 just as merrily as if nothing had happened4 ,if he only trips1 a rider poised justly in his saddle can easily recover him4 ,a horse will not only refrain from treading upon any creature lying on the ground1 but in hunting he will make the utmost possible effort to avoid putting a foot upon his master whenever ,on the bare earth exposed he lies4 ,if1 however1 his owner1 from a bad seat or from false precaution1 has suddenly thrown himself from his back1 it is often impossible for the animal1 while struggling to recover from a desperate trip1 to avoid either trampling upon or violently striking him4 ,for this reason a rider should never abandon his saddle so long as his horse beneath it has a leg1 or an infinitesimal part of one1 to stand on4 ,but so soon as his downfall is announced by that heavy1 thundering concussion against the ground1 the meaning of which it is impossible to mistake1 the partnership should instantaneously be dissolved by the horseman rolling1 if possible1 out of harm's way4 ,but it occasionally happens not only that the horse rolls too1 but that the larger roller overtakes the smaller one1 the two lying prostrate1 with the legs in boots under the body whose limbs wear only shoes4 ,if the rider happens fortunately to have the saddle between him and the horse1 his legs merely sustain a heavy weight1 from which they are harmlessly extricated the instant the animal rises4 ,should he happen unfortunately to have the girths between him and the horse1 he lies1 like ,ariel in the cloven pine1 painfully imprisoned1 in a predicament of which it is impossible for any one to foretell the results4 ,as the quadruped is always more or less cowed by his fall1 he remains usually for about a minute or two as still as if he were dead4 ,all of a sudden1 however1 just as if a bayonet had been run into him1 he struggles to rise4 ,to do so it is necessary that all his feet should take hold of the ground4 ,this they are prevented from doing by the rider's boots1 which1 operating as a handspike under the body1 keep it in a horizontal position1 thereby causing the four legs1 like two pairs of blacksmith's sledge-hammers1 to continue to strike heavily towards each other4 ,between them lies1 acting in this little tragedy the part of ,anvil1 the poor rider1 who can only avoid the hard blows of two fore iron shoes1 by wincing from them to within the reach of two hind ones4 ,this violent struggle eventually ends by the horse rising1 leaving on the field of battle1 slightly1 seriously1 or desperately wounded1 his master1 whom he never intended to hurt4 ,in the hunting field1 the bent position in the saddle produces equally unpleasant results4 ,on man and horse coming cheerily to a fence1 with what mathematicians call an unknown quantity on the other side1 if the rider sits justly on his saddle1 it is the horse and not he that receives the concussion of any fall that may ensue1 simply because the spring of his animal in taking the leap had thrown his shoulders backwards1 and consequently his head out of danger2 whereas the nose of the gentleman who had been riding alongside of him in the bent attitude of a note of interrogation1 is seen to plough into its mother earth the instant the muzzle of his horse impinges upon it4 ,for exactly the same reasons1 in every description of fall 7and no volume would be large enough to contain them all71 similar results occur2 and yet there is no predicament in which ,toady appears to greater disadvantage1 and so keenly feels it1 than when1 in following the hounds1 he has to descend a very precipitous and rather slippery grass hill4 ,if a horse be but properly dealt with1 he can gallop down a turf hill with nearly as much rapidity as along a race-course4 ,a tea-table would stand ill at ease on the declivity1 because its limbs are immoveable2 but a quadruped1 by throwing all his legs forwards and his body backwards1 has the power to adjust himself1 with mathematical precision1 to almost any descent4 ,to insure his safety1 however1 it is essential that he should be encouraged1 by a loose rein1 to carry his head as low as possible1 to enable him to take care of his feet1 and in case of treading on a rolling-stone to recover his balance by throwing it up4 ,now1 when in this position1 if the rider1 following the instinct and the example of the horse1 throws his weight backwards--in fact1 if from the saddle the backs of the two animals are separated from each other by only a very small angle1 both can descend the hill together at considerable speed without the smallest danger4 ,the only embarrassment the rider has to contend against is an over-caution on the part of the horse1 amounting to fear1 which induces him to try to take the slope diagonally1 very likely to result in the poor animal slipping up on his side4 ,in keeping his head straight1 however1 care must be taken not to induce him to raise it up2 and when this little difficulty is overcome1 no other of any sort or kind remains to impede a safe and rapid descent4 ,seated on his saddle1 in the attitude we have described1 that admirable rider ,jack ,shirley1 whipper-in to the ,tedworth hunt1 with a large open clasp-knife in his mouth1 was one day observed fixing a piece of whipcord to his lash1 while following his hounds at a slapping pace1 down hill1 his reins lying nearly loose on old ,gadsby's neck4 ,on the other hand when a gentleman1 however fearless he may be1 sitting at an angle of #de1 like a #ac-;inch mortar on its bed1 attempts to ride down the steep declivity described1 the afflictions that befall him are really piteous1 for the instant his horse's fore legs sink considerably lower than the hind ones1 he feels that unless he holds on very tightly1 he must inevitably pitch over the bows of the vessel that is carrying him4 ,to maintain his equilibrium he therefore pulls a little at his curb-bit1 which not only raises his horse's head till it nearly touches his nose1 but throws the animal and the weight he carries into such a false position1 that it becomes difficult and dangerous to advance4 ,the restrained quadruped1 impatient to follow the horses before him1 yet altogether out of gear1 on every little twitch at his bridle keeps chucking up his head1 until the rider1 who a moment ago expected to fall over his ears1 now feels that he is going to glide backwards over his tail1 which is nearly touching the hill4 ,in short1 the poor horse is resting on his hocks instead of his hoofs1 with his fore feet barely touching the ground4 ,when a lot of riders find themselves in this hopeless attitude1 they generally1 according to their amount of activity1 crawl1 jump1 or vault from their saddles to descend on foot1 which they soon find very little improves their case1 for the heels of their boots not being1 like horse-shoes1 concave1 take insufficient hold of the turf2 and thus while they are slipping1 sliding1 and tottering in the descent1 each linked to a quadruped that is bothering him to death1 if1 feeling a little alarmed1 they resolve to stop for a moment or two1 their impatient horses1 unable to advance and unwilling to stand still1 often compromise the matter by running round their masters1 with the chance of rolling them1 like ninepins1 down the hill4 ,in galloping for many hours1 and especially for many days1 as soon as the muscles of the rider1 by getting tired1 lose their obstinacy1 it becomes impossible for him1 if he sits upright1 to prevent his body undulating1 to the infinite relief of both parties1 with every movement of the horse2 whereas1 if1 like an ,english jockey1 whose seat is well adapted for galloping at the utmost speed for a few minutes1 he rides like a frog on a shovel1 he inflicts upon his whole frame1 as well as upon the poor animal that carries him1 an amount of unnecessary fatigue which prematurely tires both4 ,for the foregoing reasons if gentlemen sportsmen who occupy on the road and the hunting-field this false position1 would but allow ,mr4 ,calcraft1 in his peculiar way1 to lift them about half a dozen times a few inches into the air1 and then1 as a tallow-chandler dips his candles1 lower them gently1 easily1 and perpendicularly to their saddles1 they would find themselves promoted in the world to a seat on horseback which they would never wish to abandon4 ,as1 however1 our readers1 we fear1 must have become very tired of the saddle1 we will now relieve them from hogskin1 to submit to them a very few practical observations on the management of the bridle1 the ordinary uses of which1 as everybody knows1 are twofold1 namely1 first to guide a horse1 and secondly to restrain1 or1 when requisite1 to stop him4 99 99 99 99 99 ,as it is the disposition of a horse1 when mounted1 to go fast1 and as it is the disposition of a man to pull at any thing in this world as little as possible1 curb-bits and curb-chains 7as their names truly denote7 have been invented1 by which the animal in all his movements on parade or on the road is slightly thrown on his haunches1 with his head raised more or less above its natural level4 ,in this position his eyes are of course proportionally elevated1 and as there exists no obstruction on the macadamized roads1 c41 on which he travels1 he soon ceases to look downwards2 and although1 if he then happens to pass over a little hole1 he may put a foot into it1 or may slightly blunder over half a shovelfull of loose stones which had escaped his observation1 yet1 if he has good action1 and a tolerable rider1 he earns the character of being a capital hack4 ,now to metamorphose a hack into a hunter is principally effected by the bridle1 and yet the great difficulty of the art is to learn not how much1 but how little to use it2 in short1 a considerable portion of what the bridle has done has to be undone4 ,accordingly1 instead of being encouraged to travel on his haunches with his fore legs lightly touching the ground1 the latter must be required to bear the greater portion of the burden1 which it is the duty of the hind legs to propel4 ,the head has to be brought down to its proper level2 and to induce or rather to oblige the horse to make his eyes the lantern of his feet1 to study geology instead of astronomy1 he should be slowly ridden1 with a loose rein1 over every little hole1 grip1 or heap that would be likely to throw a hack down4 ,whenever he can be made to stumble 7if the rider feels that he will not actually fall71 the reins should instantly be dropped4 ,in like manner he should be walked for several days over the roughest ground that can be found1 particularly land that has been excavated to obtain the substratum and left in holes4 ,with a perfectly loose rein he should be gently trotted1 gently cantered1 and gently galloped over a surface of this description1 the rider always dropping the rein when he blunders4 ,vegetius1 in describing the horsemanship of the ,parthians in the time of ,xerxes1 states that in order to make their horses sure-footed over rough1 broken ground1 they placed on a space of level ground a number of wooden troughs of different heights1 filled with earth1 over which in galloping they had many falls4 ,under similar treatment1 the strength1 activity1 intelligence1 and eyesight of the animal will1 as in a wild state1 cordially be combined by him to protect himself from the degradation as well as punishment of falling2 and so ample and sufficient are these powers1 that the rider will soon find1 that instead of having to hold his horse up1 it has become out of his power to throw him down4 ,in fact1 under the guidance of nature1 rather than of man1 the hack in a very short period1 and without going over a fence of any sort or kind1 may thus be made competent to follow hounds across any country in the ,united ,kingdom2 while1 on the other hand1 the nag that had only been taught in a riding-school or in a dealer's yard to jump neatly over bars1 gates1 and hurdles1 would1 most particularly to the neck of his rider1 prove to be infinitely worse than useless4 ,of course a horse is not a perfect hunter until he has had a small amount 7for he does not require much7 of experience in leaping2 but as1 with the exception of water1 every horse is able1 willing1 and eager to jump1 generally speaking1 more than is desired1 his rider has merely to teach the noble animal beneath him to add to his valour just enough discretion to induce him to look1 not before1 but while he leaps4 ,a hunter when following hounds is so excited1 that if1 in addition to his own eagerness1 he be hurried at his fences1 he rushes more and more recklessly at them1 until he gets into needless trouble4 ,on the other hand1 just as he approaches every fence1 if he be always patted on the neck1 and gently restrained1 he feels satisfied that he is to be allowed to do the job2 and accordingly1 curtailing his stride as he approaches1 he does it not only cleverly1 but without any waste of exertion1 which1 to use a common hunting-field expression1 he may want before the day's over4 ,when a horse is enabled1 like a soldier whose stiff stock has just been unbuckled1 to drop his head to its natural position1 he not only goes safely1 but1 without risk of cutting his fetlocks1 he can gallop over ground deeply covered with loose impediments of any description2 and1 accordingly1 in ,surrey it has long been a hunting axiom that it is the curb bridles which by throwing hunters on their haunches in a false position cause them to cut their back sinews with those sharp flints which1 in a snaffle bit1 they can clatter over without injury4 ,a good ,northamptonshire rider1 in lately taking a fence1 jumped over it into a stone quarry4 ,now1 if he had been in the bent attitude we have described1 he must inevitably have pitched on1 and have fractured his skull4 ,from1 however1 sitting correctly on his saddle1 his ankles1 and not his head1 suffered4 ,in like manner when ,mehemet ,ali1 under the pretence of investing his son1 ,toossoon ,pacha1 with the command of an army1 by a treacherous invitation inveigled the ,mamelukes into the summit of the citadel of ,el ,kahira 7the ,victorious71 commonly called ,cairo1 and then suddenly dropping the portcullis1 directed upon them from barred windows on three sides a murderous fire1 ,amyn ,bey1 rather than submit to such a death1 spurring his ,arab charger over his writhing comrades1 and across the low crenated wall1 jumped over a precipice of about fifty feet2 and yet1 although of the horse it may truly be said that ,headlong from the mountain's height ,he plunged to endless night1 for1 on reaching the hard rock1 he was smashed to death1 the rider1 who1 no doubt1 had expected the same fate1 was enabled1 with only a broken ankle1 to crawl away1 recover1 and for nearly thirty years enjoy1 with health and wealth1 the well-earned appellation of the last of the ,mamelukes2 in short ,the man recovered from the blow1 the horse it was that died4 ,in further evidence1 however1 of the theory that when a man sits properly in his saddle1 it is the horse1 and not he1 who suffers by a tumble1 we submit to our readers the following extraordinary narration by a young ,general officer of high character1 who has kindly permitted us to publish it1 briefly describing a fall on horseback to a depth equal to #dj feet more than the height of the weather-cock on the steeple of ,st4 ,martin's church1 in ,london1 or to double the height of the ,duke of ,york's monument at the bottom of ,regent ,street4 ,united ,service ,club1 #ahth ,march1 #ahfj4 ,in ,june1 #ahdh1 at the island of ,dominica1 in the ,west ,indies1 ,i fell over a precipice of #bcg feet perpendicular height1 upon the rocks by the sea-side4 ,this occurred about a quarter past #g o'clock ,p4,m41 then quite dark1 as no twilight exists in the tropics4 ,every bone of my horse was broken1 and ,i conceive my escape from instant death the most miraculous that ever occurred4 ,three men1 at various periods1 had previously been dashed to atoms at the same spot1 and one man twelve months after me1 when the ,legislative ,assembly passed a resolution to secure the road2 but if twenty thousand men were to fall there1 ,i think nothing short of a miracle could save one of them4 ,my recovery from the shock ,i sustained was also as miraculous as my escape with life4 ,i sent out an artist to take a drawing on the spot1 and also had the place surveyed by an engineer4 ,i have often thought of putting down all the circumstances of that extraordinary accident1 but the dread of being taken for a ,baron ,munchausen has restrained me4 ,i do not expect that any one will believe it1 although there are many living witnesses4 ,nor do ,i expect any sympathy1 for1 as soon as ,i could hold a pen1 ,i detailed the catastrophe to my mother to account for my long silence4 ,i received1 in reply1 in due course1 a long letter detailing family news1 without any allusion to my unfortunate case1 except in a postscript1 in which she merely said1 ',oh6 ,william1 ,i wish you would give up riding after dinner4',c ,wm4 ,yorke ,moore1 ,major-,gen4 ,p4,s4 ,during the fall ,i stuck to my horse4 ,the details of this astonishing accident are very shortly as follows3-- ,colonel ,moore1 while commanding the troops in ,dominica1 lost his way one evening after sunset4 ,as1 in utter darkness1 he was endeavouring to get home1 he came to several little imperceptible objects which he forced his horse to cross4 ,shortly afterwards the animal stopped at one which he seemed particularly afraid of4 ,the soldier1 unwilling to halt between two opinions1 but1 on the contrary1 determined to proceed as he thought straight towards his home1 at almost full speed rode at the unknown impediment several times in vain1 until the animal1 surrendering his instinctive fears1 and possibly knowledge1 to the spurs that were propelling him1 with a violent jump into the air cleared the little low hedge1 for such it proved to be1 bounding that awful precipice which1 like a wall1 connected the upper story or table-land of the island with the ocean which in solemn darkness reigned beneath it4 ,colonel ,moore states that during his passage on horseback through the air1 almost every event of his life1 large as well as small1 at about the rate of the electric telegraph1 which transmits its ideas one hundred and eighty thousand miles in a second1 flashed across his mind as distinctly and as vividly as if they were recurring4 ,by a sort of clairvoyance1 of which in medical annals there exist recorded several similar instances1 he saw all that in his lifetime he had done or left undone1 and was thinking1 seriatim1 of almost every friend and relative1 when1 in an instant1 all these bright fiery thoughts on the past1 present1 or future tenses of his existence became extinguished by a concussion which1 depriving him of his senses1 left him with his legs in the sea and his body on the rocks1 apparently dead4 ,while lying1 corpse-like1 in this lonely state1 whose beneficent hand was it that all of a sudden dashed upon his face the cool1 fresh soft water that recovered him8 ,whose voice was it that1 almost at the same moment1 explained to him1 not only the accident which had befallen him1 but the time that had elapsed since it occurred8 ,the hand that restored to him his senses was that which had already graciously placed his head in safety upon the rock above the ocean that would have drowned him1 but in which his feet had been harmlessly floating4 ,it was the hand that had just created the tropical shower which1 as if administered to him by an angel1 awakened him from his swoon4 ,it was the hand that1 in the beginning1 when the earth was without form and void1 and darkness was upon the face of the deep1 had created that lesser light to rule the night1 which1 just before he fell1 he had observed rising from the horizon1 but which now1 shining above his head1 upon four upturned glittering horse-shoes 7all he could see of his mangled beast71 made known to him1 at a glance1 that what had evidently befallen him1 according to the illuminated clock in the heavens1 must have occurred many hours ago4 ,with cool presence of mind1 ,colonel ,moore1 after making several experimental movements1 ascertained that he was severely cut about the body and head2 that his right ankle was dislocated1 and that his back was benumbed or paralysed by the concussion of his fall4 ,as soon1 however1 as the long wished-for sun rose1 it shone upon his bare1 bleeding head with such excruciating force1 that1 as a protection from its rays1 he transferred his cotton neckerchief to his scalp and forehead1 leaving sticking up above them the two ends1 which1 like the remainder1 were stained with his red blood4 ,after remaining in extreme pain for several hours1 to his great joy he saw a boat full of sable natives rowing towards the spot on which1 in the head-dress just described1 he was reclining4 ,as soon as they came near to him1 in a faint tone he hailed them4 ,on hearing his voice1 for a few moments they looked eagerly around in all directions1 until they espied him1 when1 instantly1 just as if they had seen and were pursued by an evil spirit1 away they rowed at their utmost speed4 ,after a considerable interval another black man came clambering over the rocks1 intent only on catching fish4 ,as soon1 however1 as his eyes caught a glimpse of the poor sufferer's bloody head and head-gear1 the fisherman was evidently seized with the same impression1 and1 accordingly1 in a paroxysm of fear1 chucking his rod and line upwards to fall into the sea1 as fast as his hands and feet could carry him1 he also1 in his way1 scrambled out of sight4 ,after a long1 painful interval1 ,colonel ,moore's servant1 who1 alarmed by his master not having returned1 had for many hours been in search of him1 at last tracked his horse's feet to the edge of the precipice1 and on looking over it1 seeing about half way down a pockethandkerchief sticking in the boughs of a small projecting tree1 he returned to the barracks1 gave the alarm1 and accordingly1 as soon as a boat could be procured1 the soldiers1 who rushed forward to man it1 proceeded round the rocks1 until ,colonel ,moore 7who knew nothing of his servant's discovery7 joyfully saw them pulling1 as hard as they could lay to their oars1 towards him4 ,it need scarcely be added that1 regardless of the overwhelming heat of the sun1 the gallant fellows succeeded in conveying their commanding officer on their shoulders to the barracks1 where he lay for some months in great pain and danger4 ,however1 in due time1 the paralysed muscles of his back recovered their tone1 and eventually1 without even being lame1 he became completely restored to the health1 activity1 and energy that had always characterised him4 ,for a considerable time portions of his saddle1 strips of the hide and the broken bones of his horse1 which1 lacerated by the branches of the trees through which the poor animal had fallen1 was literally smashed to atoms1 were collected by people1 who amassed a considerable amount of money by exhibiting and selling them as relics in evidence of one of the most extraordinary accidents that1 under the superintending direction of ,divine ,providence1 has ever been survived by man4 ,footnote ,b3 ,beckford says1 ,first attribute of a good huntsman is courage4 ,next1 hands and seat4 ,footnote ,c3 ,the accident occurred before dinner4 ,mode of riding at ,timber4 ,in getting rapidly across a difficult country there are two sorts of fences1 each of which has to be jumped in a manner the very opposite of that required by the other4 ,a young hunter will leap almost any ordinary fence1 particularly if it be broad1 as well1 and1 from his impetuosity1 often better than an old one4 ,but there is one description of barrier1 called by hunting men timber 7that is to say stiles1 gates1 and rails1 that cannot be broken71 which requires1 in both rider and horse1 a great deal more discretion than valour3 indeed of timber it may truly be said that it is the most dangerous and1 on the other hand1 the safest fence a man can ride at4 ,if a young horse1 highly excited1 be ridden fast for the first time in his life at a gate1 it is very likely he will clear it2 on the other hand1 it is quite certain that if1 despising bars through which he can see daylight1 he resolves to break the top one1 the penalty attached to his mistake will be a very heavy one3 indeed nothing can be more disagreeable to a rider and frightful to look at than the result4 ,now1 of course1 the obvious way of preventing this catastrophe is simply to teach a horse--firstly1 that he cannot break timber1--and secondly1 that he will have to suffer acute pain if he attempts to do so4 ,accordingly1 away from hounds and under no excitement1 he should be slowly ridden over two or three low rails that will not break1 with an unexpected little twitch at his rein sufficient to make them severely strike his hind legs4 ,the moment this is effected the rider should jump off1 to allay anything like excitement1 and to allow the animal1 who will probably stand lifting up the injured leg1 to feel1 appreciate1 and reflect on the whole amount of the pain he has incurred4 ,as soon as it has subsided1 he should be again quietly ridden two or three times over the offending rails1 which1 it will then be found1 nothing can induce him to touch2 and having thus1 at a small cost1 purchased for himself very valuable experience1 he may afterwards in the hunting-field be carefully made to jump any ordinary amount of timber4 ,a sportsman can hardly ride too slowly at high timber2 for as height and width 7that is to say to jump upwards or forwards7 require different efforts1 it is a waste of the poor animal's powers to make him do both when one only is required4 ,in slowly trotting up to timber of any height or description1 the rider should carefully abstain from attempting1 by the bridle1 to give his horse the smallest assistance4 ,on the contrary1 the moment the animal begins to rise1 his reins should be loosened1 to be drawn up and tightened only as he descends4 ,with the single exception we shall soon notice1 this principle of self-management applies to jumps of all sorts and sizes2 for although1 by a firm management of his bridle1 a hunter ought to be made to feel as he approaches a fence that it is utterly impossible for him to swerve from it1 yet the instant he is on the brink of taking it1 his reins1 as if by paralysis1 should suddenly cease to afford him the smallest help1 or to interfere with the mode in which 7with only half a second to think7 he may determine to deal with it4 ,if he expects assistance1 it may arrive a little sooner or a little later than his patience or impatience approves of1 and thus between two stools 7his own will and that of his rider7 both come to the ground2 whereas1 if he knows that he has nothing to rely on but himself1 he rises at his timber in the best and safest possible manner--namely1 in his own way4 ,if we should have succeeded in satisfying our readers that they cannot ride too slowly at timber1 we trust they will pardon us if we now endeavour to enforce upon them as an equally immutable axiom1 that it is impossible for them to ride too fast at water4 ,water ,jumping4 ,throughout ,england1 and especially in ,leicestershire and ,northamptonshire1 there are two descriptions of brooks4 ,in one the water is about a foot or two below the level of the green fields through which it peacefully meanders4 ,in the other1 though deep enough to drown a man1 it flows and occasionally rushes ten or twelve feet below the surface1 between two loamy banks as perpendicular as the wall of a house4 ,if a red1 brown1 or black coat1 attended by a pair of leather1 kersey1 or corduroy breeches1 ending in boots1 plunge together into the first1 they simply go in dry and come out wet4 ,but1 if a horse fails to clear the chasm1 he is liable not only to fall backwards upon these articles of apparel1 but afterwards1 quite unintentionally1 to strike their owner during the awkward struggles of both animals to swim4 ,now1 although to some of our readers it may possibly appear that the act of riding over a bit of water of the latter description has no legal claim to be included in the schedule headed the pleasures and amusements of man1 yet it may most truly be said that in a good run1 or even in a bad one1 there exists nothing that gives an ordinary rider more intense pleasure than the sight1 say a quarter of a mile before him1 of those well-known willows that indicate to him the line of beauty of the brook he is shortly to have the enjoyment of encountering--provided always that he knows his horse to be1 what is justly called1 good at water4 ,on the other hand1 it would be quite impossible to describe into how very small a compass the same man's heart would gradually collapse1 as it approached the very same brook1 on what is just as truly termed a brute at water4 ,in any other description of fence the rider1 if he has not ruined his horse's courage by vacillation of hand or heart1 may confidently rely that he will accomplish it for him if he can1 and if it cannot be accomplished1 that he will try to jump through or over it1 or1 generally speaking1 a good deal more than humanity dares to ride at4 ,if the bull-finch be too strong1 the hunter may stick in it1 or forcing through it into the ditch on the other side1 may leave his owner hanging like a bird's-nest in its branches4 ,an ox-fence--composed of two ditches1 a bank1 a pair of hedges1 and a stiff1 low1 oak rail--may altogether prove too broad to be cleared4 ,timber also may be too high to be topped2 yet1 in all these cases1 if the rider be but willing1 the noble horse is always ready1 ay1 eager1 to do his very best1 and many a broken back and prostrate carcase1 divested of its saddle and bridle1 has been the melancholy result2 and yet1 with all this superabundance of high courage1 almost every horse instinctively dislikes to jump water1 an element which 7until by a good rider it has been unbewitched7 he appears to conceive to be forbidden to him to cross4 ,for this reason1 before a sportsman can ride with confidence at a brook1 he requires not only a stout horse1 but to know what sort of a heart lived beneath the waistcoat of the man by whom the animal was last hunted1 for however badly bred he may be1 he may have been made bold at water2 while1 on the other hand1 however high-bred and handsome he may appear1 however splendidly and cleverly he may throughout the run have been crossing single and double fences of every variety1 yet1 by an irresolute pair of hands1 he may have been spoiled at water4 ,accordingly1 when a gallant fox1 followed after a short interval by a pack of hounds and a large scattered body of men and horses1 passing like the shadows of summer clouds over the beautiful green sward of ,northamptonshire1 glide rapidly towards a brook1 there occasionally appears among several of them a sudden transmigration of hearts and bodies1 which to a foreigner1 who did not understand the reason1 would appear to be utterly inexplicable4 ,although ten or twelve horses1 gallantly taking it in their stride1 have proved the jump to be an easy one1 two or three of the foremost riders are seen to pull up1 apparently afraid4 ,in like manner1 as horses and horsemen who had been riding boldly approach1 it becomes evident to the meanest capacity1 that the peg that holds in their steam is getting--sometimes in the biped1 sometimes in the quadruped1 and sometimes in both--looser and looser as they advance4 ,the gallop is observed gradually to faint into a canter1 which1 as they approach the water1 gets slower and slower1 until souse6 souse6 souse6 they one after the other blunder into it4 ,while a horse here is swimming1 and there is struggling1 and while a human head with handsome aristocratic features and black lank hair looking like that of ,don ,quixote when drenched with curds and whey1 is seen rising in agony from below1 two little thick-set1 short-thighed men in scarlet1 who throughout the run had been shirking many a small fence1 cross the brook with terrific courage4 ,that thoroughbred-mare1 which has been clearing everything1 swerves1 while the ugly brute in her wake bucks over what she had refused as if he enjoyed the fun1 which he really does4 ,see6 at what a tremendous pace this splendid-looking bay horse is galloping towards his doom4 ,both spurs are in his sides2 the slight waving movement of the arms and shoulders of his fearless rider1 and the firm grip of his hands1 as he draws upon first one side of the bit and then the other1 appear altogether to insure success4 ,as soon1 however1 as the well-known rogue gets sight of the glare of the water1 though his head is in such a vice that it is out of his power to swerve1 and though his pace is such that it is utterly impossible for him to stop1 yet1 as if all his four legs were suddenly paralysed by fear1 the high-bred sinner1 all of a sudden1 refuses to lift them1 and accordingly1 for thirty or forty feet1 leaving behind a track like that of a railway1 they slide along the wet1 rich1 loamy turf1 until horse1 and gallant1 glorious ,charlie,d dive together1 head-foremost1 into the brook6 ,in a few minutes1 men in coats of all colours1 trotting up one after another1 walk their horses cautiously to the edge of the chasm1 crane over as if to gaze at the frightened frogs that inhabit it1 and after thus losing more or less of time they can never live to recover1 canter or gallop in different directions in quest either of a bridge or a ford4 ,now1 while this serio-comic picture is before the eyes of our readers1 that very small portion of them who have never been actors in such a scene will no doubt be not a little astonished to learn that of all fences on the surface of the globe there is no one that is so easy for a horse to jump as water4 ,if the footmarks of a good horse that has galloped over turf be measured1 it will be found that in every stride his four feet have covered a space of twenty-two feet4 ,if1 in cool blood1 he be very gently cantered at a common sheep-hurdle1 without any ditch on one side of it or the other1 it will be found that he has cleared1 or rather has not been able to help clearing1 from ten to twelve feet4 ,in ,egypt1 an antelope chased by hounds on coming suddenly to a little crack or crevice in the ground caused by the heat of the sun1 has been observed at a bound to clear thirty feet1 and yet1 on approaching a high wall1 the same animal slackens his pace1 stops for a second1 and then pops over it4 ,almost any horse1 particularly a young one1 if cantered at a small prickly furze-hedge1 would probably with a little skip rather than a jump clear at least fourteen feet1 which in water would form a brook that would stop more than half of the large field of riders who in ,northamptonshire and ,leicestershire follow the ,pytchley1 ,quorn1 and ,cottesmore hounds4 ,indeed1 it not unfrequently happens that a ditch of glittering water1 not seven feet broad1 over which every hound has hopped hardly looking at it1 will not only stop a number of horses and riders1 but in a few minutes will1 to the utter disgust and astonishment of the latter1 contain several of them4 ,to prevent1 however1 this unnecessary and apparently discreditable botheration1 all that is necessary is for the rider to overcome and overrule the instinctive aversion which his horse1 and possibly he himself1 have to jump water4 ,if1 during a run with hounds1 a young horse1 that has never seen a brook1 going a good pace1 without receiving from the hands of his rider any tremulous check1 arrives at1 say a low hedge1 on the other side of which he suddenly sees a wide expanse of water1 he is quite sure to clear it2 and having thus broken the spell1 if he be afterwards only fairly ridden1 he will probably require no other instruction4 ,if1 however1 as but too often is the case1 on arriving at water that can be jumped favourably at a particular place1 a young horse is obliged to wait for his turn1 and during that awful pause sees some hunters refuse1 and others splash in and flounder1 he naturally combines together theory and practice1 and accordingly1 when called upon1 refuses to do what he has always instinctively considered to be wrong2 and as1 generally speaking1 it is impossible at that moment to force him1 the run is lost4 ,under this state of the case1 the master of the culprit on some fine non-hunting day1 armed with spurs and a cut-whip1 should conduct him to any ugly-looking little ditch1 not above half a dozen feet broad 7for it is the quality and not the quantity of the shining element that creates his fear71 and then1 carefully abstaining to excite his courage1 ride him at it very slowly and timidly1 on purpose to ensure his refusing it1 which1 of course1 he is quite certain to do4 ,after once again leading him into this trap1 a duel1 perfectly harmless to the biped1 must be fought4 ,it may last ten minutes1 a quarter1 half an hour1 or possibly two hours2 but1 sooner or later1 the little misunderstanding is certain to end in the rebel all of a sudden doing willingly1 and then repeating five or six times1 what1 after all1 was nothing at all for him to do2 and from that moment1 if he be only fairly handled1 he will remember1 whenever he sees water1 the lesson which taught him that it was made on purpose to be crossed4 ,to maintain and encourage this doctrine1 on coming in sight of a brook1 his courage1 by very gentle touches of the spur1 should be excited1 while1 by pulling harder and harder at the bridle1 his speed inversely should be slightly diminished1 until he arrives within about eighty yards1 when1 gradually relaxing the reins1 and yet grasping them so firmly that it is impossible for him to swerve1 his pace should always be made to freshen as he proceeds1 until on arriving at the brink it has attained its maximum4 ,in short1 in riding at a brook1 a horse should be taught to feel that no choice will be given to him to go in or over1 but that over he must go1 for want of time to jump in4 ,by this simple management a horse will very soon learn not only to rush at water1 but to enjoy the very sight of it2 and as his rider can then trust implicitly to his honour1 we end as we almost began1 by stating that1 although there exists no obstruction in a run that creates so many sorrows as water1 there is no fence that is so easy for a horse to jump1 if he will but try2 in fact on coming to it at the top of his speed1 if he will only hop upwards a few feet1 his momentum cannot fail to carry him across2 whereas1 if in approaching it he slackens his speed1 nine times out of ten he may safely be booked to be in4 ,footnote ,d3 ,the ,honourable ,c4 ,c4 ,modes of ,swimming a ,horse4 ,in ,england1 a hunting man1 in deference to the thermometer and for the love of his clothes1 usually avoids forcing his horse to swim4 ,in a warm climate1 however1 the operation is attended with no danger or inconvenience whatever4 ,in riding gradually into deep water the animal1 just before he floats1 appears to step rather uneasily1 as if on legs of different lengths2 but the instant his feet take leave of the ground1 or if at once he plunges out of his depth from a bank1 as soon as his head comes up he proceeds as free from jolts of any sort as a balloon in the air1 grunting and groaning1 nevertheless1 heavily1 at the injustice of having a man's weight superadded to his own1 the specific gravity of which but little exceeds that of the element into which he is striving not to sink4 ,instinctively1 however1 adjusting himself to the most favourable position1 which throws the hind part of his body about a foot under water1 he makes the best of a bad bargain1 and then all the rider has to do is not to destroy the poor animal's equilibrium by pulling even an ounce at his bridle4 ,indeed1 in crossing a broad stream1 the most effectual way to prevent over-balancing him1 and also to stop his grunting1 is either to slip sideways from his back1 and then1 half-swimming1 to be dragged alongside him by a lock of his mane firmly entwined among the fingers of the right hand1 or1 as is invariably practised by the red ,indians1 to be towed by his tail1 in which case the man floating on the surface of the water is quite safe from the heels of the horse struggling many feet below him4 ,by this plan1 of course1 the water1 instead of the horse1 sustains the weight of the man4 ,judicious ,riding4 ,in a closely-enclosed country1 with slow hounds1 a cold scent1 and a fat huntsman1 a good jumping nag is what is mainly required4 ,but to follow fleet hounds across large grass fields1 however excellent may be a horse's jumping1 however clever at doubles1 safe at timber1 bold at water2 and though to all of these accomplishments be added every qualification of hand1 heel1 head1 and heart1 which an experienced rider can possibly possess1 the tottle of the whole must inevitably amount to disappointment1 unless the animal be able to maintain the requisite pace4 ,and yet in a run it does not at all follow that the leading horse is the fastest1 that the hindmost is the slowest1 that a heaving flank is an indication of impaired lungs1 or a still one of good wind4 ,on the contrary1 it is often but too true that the first ought to have been the last1 and the last the first2 so much depends on the manner in which the different horses have been ridden4 ,when a man1 pursued by a detachment of cavalry1 is riding to save his own life1 or when1 at the risk of his life1 he is trying to take away that of a poor little fox1 success in either case depends of course on the pace at which he can proceed4 ,now it is a very common mistake in both the instances we have named to endeavour to attain the desired object by maintaining1 like the seconds-hand of a clock1 an equable rate1 whereas1 just as a ship spreads out and unreefs all her canvas when the wind is light1 and before a hurricane scuds away under bare poles1 so should the pace which a rider exacts from his horse depend on the state or character of the ground he has to traverse2 that is to say1 he should hold him together and save him through deep-ploughed land1--race him across light1 dry turf1--grasping the mane1 go slowly up the last half of an ordinary hill1--spin him very fast indeed down every declivity1--and in jumping fences endeavour1 by tranquillizing rather than exciting1 to induce him to take as little out of himself at each1 as is possible4 ,with considerate treatment of this sort1 a warrior or a sportsman may go from a given point to another in a given time without distressing his horse1 while the hot-faced man who1 in attempting to follow him1 has been straining through heavy ground1 rushing up steep acclivities1 restraining in going down hills1 and galloping at every fence1 large or small1 has not only blown his poor horse1 but as he sits astride his panting body and bleeding sides1 fancies he has done so by going fast2 and accordingly1 when he sees afar off the fellow who1 on an inferior animal1 has outstripped him1 he contemptuously wonders to himself how such a tortoise could possibly have beaten such a hare6 ,use and ,abuse of ,spurs4 ,buxtorff1 in describing the horses1 chariots1 and riders of the ancient ,egyptians1 says that the word ,parash1 or rider1 is derived from the ,hebrew root to prick1 or spur4 ,in horsemanship there is no subject so worthy of consideration1 most especially by any one wearing the name of a gentleman1 as the use and the abuse of spurs4 ,in riding horses that since their birth have been roaming in a state of nature1 that have never tasted corn1 and that have never been excited by men to race against each other1 it would be impossible to induce them to exhaust in man's service the whole of their strength except by punishment2 for1 as they have never obeyed any other will than their own1 so soon as they become tired1 they attempt not only to diminish their speed1 but to stop altogether1 and as their bodies have no value whatever1 and as their riders have spurs with rowels an inch long1 and no mercy1 it might be supposed that1 under such circumstances1 an uncivilized human being would be very apt to inflict unnecessary punishment on the poor subdued animal beneath him4 ,but it is mercifully ordained that it is the interest as well as the duty of man to husband the powers of the animals that serve him1 and accordingly the wild rider1 when carefully observed1 is found to be infinitely more lenient in the use of his spurs than the comrade who calls himself civilized1 simply because the former by his own and his hereditary experience has learned that the spur should be the last1 and not the first resource of any rider who desires to be carried a given distance in the smallest possible amount of time4 ,accordingly1 to attain this object1 the animal on starting1 without any punishment1 is restrained by his bridle1 and encouraged1 so long as it is possible to do so1 in his zeal to advance3 when that begins to flag1 by working the bit in his mouth he is induced to proceed2 when this fails1 a very slight touch of one spur becomes necessary1 to be increased only as required4 ,when excitation on that side is found to have lost its effect1 it is tried very gently on the other2 and thus does the wild rider proceed1 until he ends the distance by coming in violently spurring with both heels at every step of a gallop1 that1 from sheer faintness1 has dwindled down to a rate of hardly six miles an hour4 ,now a civilized traveller almost invariably commits not only the unnecessary cruelty but the error of using his spurs the moment his horse1 as he fancies1 requires them2 by which means he for a very short time encourages1 and then so completely discourages his poor weak animal that he often fails altogether to get to the end of the distance which his wild comrade1 without the slightest desire to be merciful1 has rapidly and scientifically accomplished4 ,in the management1 however1 of horses in ,england1 the conditions of the case are totally different4 ,tied to mangers1 in which they feast on dry oats1 beans1 and hay1 no sooner do they leave their stables than the very sight of creation animates them2 every carriage that trots by1 and every rider that passes1 excites them4 ,when brought into condition1 and then encouraged to compete against each other1 their physical strength1 though artificially raised to the maximum1 remains far behind their instinctive courage and disposition to go till they die1 in almost any service in which they may be employed4 ,under these circumstances1 the use of the spur is to enable man to maintain his supremacy1 and1 whenever necessary1 promptly and efficiently to suppress mutiny in whatever form it may break out4 ,if a restiff horse objects to pass a particular post1 he must be forced to do so4 ,if he refuses to jump water1 he must1 as we have described1 be conquered4 ,but in every case of this nature a combination of cool determination1 plenty of time1 and a little punishment1 invariably form a more permanent cure than a prescription composed only of the last ingredient2 for as anger1 in a horse as in a man1 is a short madness1 an animal under its influence is not in so good a state to learn and remember the lesson of obedience which man is entitled to impart1 as when he has time given to him to observe that the just sentence to which he is sternly required to submit1 is tempered with mercy4 ,but if the uses of the spur are few1 its abuses are many4 ,on the race-course1 the eagerness and impetuosity of thorough bred horses to contend against each other are so great1 that for a considerable time it is difficult to prevent them1 especially young ones1 from starting before the signal is given4 ,as soon as they are off1 it becomes all that the best riders in the world can do merely to guide them3 to stop them would be impossible4 ,occasionally their very limbs break down in their endeavours to win2 and yet1 while they are exerting their utmost powers and strength1--to the shame of their owners and to the disgrace of the nation1 the riders are allowed1 as a sort of show off1 to end the contest by whipping and spurring1 which1 nine times out of ten1 has the effect of making the noblest quadruped in creation do what is technically called ,shut ,up1 which means that the ungenerous and ungrateful punishment and degradation that have been unjustly inflicted upon him have cowed his gallant spirit1 and have broken an honest heart6 ,but the ignorance as well as the brutality of unnecessarily spurring a hunter is even worse than that just portrayed4 ,when a young horse that has never seen a hound1 is ridden up1 for the first time in his life1 not to a meet1 at which the whole pack are to be seen1 but merely to the side of a covert1 which1 hidden from view1 they are drawing1 it might reasonably be conceived that under such circumstances he could not have an idea of their past1 present1 or future proceedings--we mean1 where they had come from1 what they were doing1 or what they were going to do4 ,however1 no sooner does a hound1 from laziness1 or possibly from feeling that he has been sufficiently pricked by thorns1 briars1 and gorse1 creep out for a few seconds before him1 than--,angels and ministers of grace defend us6--the young horse pricks up his ears1 stares intently at him1 holds his breath1 and1 with a heart beating so hard that it may be not only heard but felt by the rider1 he breaks out into a perspiration1 which1 on the appearance of a few more hounds1 turns into foam as white as soap-suds4 ,on an old hound--by a single deep tone1 instantaneously certified by the sharp1 shrill1 resolute voice of the huntsman--announcing to creation that the one little animal which so many bigger ones have been so good as to visit1 is at home1 the young horse paws the ground2 if restrained1 evinces a slight disposition to rear2 until1 by the time the whole pack--encouraged by the cheery cry1 ,have at him6--in full chorus have struck up their band of music1 he appears to have become almost ungovernable1 and is evidently outrageously anxious to do--he knows not what2 and accordingly1 when a sudden shriek1 scream1 or1 as the ,irish term it1 screech1 rather than a holla1 from the opposite side of the covert1 briefly announces1 as by a telegram1 the joyous little word ,away6 suiting his action to it1 away the young horse often bolts with his rider1 just as likely away from the hounds as with them4 ,if he follows them1 infuriated by ardour1 which neither he nor his rider have power to control1 he looks at nothing1 thinks of nothing1 until at full speed coming to say a stiff fence he disdains to rise at1 a lesson is offered to him1 which1 however1 he is a great deal too much excited to learn by heart2 and so1 before his rider has had time enough to uncoil himself from his roll1 the young 'un1 without a thought or disposition to wait for the old gentleman1 leaves him on the ground to think about the hounds2 while with dangling stirrups1 reins hanging loose on his neck1 and outstretched neck and tail1 he is once again up and at 'em6 ,although1 however1 a horse1 when his blood is hot1 does not appear to notice a fall1 he thinks a good deal about it in the stable2 and1 accordingly1 the next time he comes out1 instead of being infuriated1 he only evinces a superabundance of eagerness and excitement to follow the hounds1 which his rider can gradually and often rapidly succeed in allaying1 until the animal may be honestly warranted as steady with hounds1 which means that1 although he will follow them over anything till he drops1 he has lived to learn that to enable him to do so he had better not unnecessarily maim his legs or tumble himself head over heels4 ,with this mixture of high courage and discretion he does his best2 and1 as affecting evidence of this truth1 although1 after having been ten or twelve hours out of his stable1 with apparent cheerfulness1 he brings his rider home1 yet it is the latter only that then proves to be as hungry as a hunter1 while the exhausted stomach of the vrai ,amphitryon--the real hunter1 remains for many hours1 and sometimes days1 without the smallest appetite for corn or beans4 ,if this plain statement be correct1 leaving humanity entirely out of the question1 how ignorant and contemptible is that man who is seen during a run not only to be spurring his horse with both heels whenever he comes to deep ploughed ground or to the bottom of a steep hill1 but who1 just as if he were singing to himself a little song1 or1 for want of thought1 whistling to himself a favourite tune1 throughout the run1 continues1 as a sort of idle accompaniment to his music1 to dangle more or less severely the rowel of one spur into the side of a singed hunter1 who all the time is a great deal more anxious to live with the hounds than he is6 ,but1 as dishonesty is always the worst policy1 so does this discreditable conduct produce results opposite to those expected to be attained2 for instead of spurring a poor horse throughout a run hastening his speed1 it has very often put a fatal end to it4 ,in riding to hounds it occasionally happens that a resolute1 experienced hunter1 knowing what he can break through1 what he must clear1 and who has learned to be cunning enough never to jump farther than is necessary1 approaches a fence on the other side of which a horse and rider have been just observed to disappear in a brook that has received them4 ,now1 if throughout the run the rider has never once touched his faithful horse with spurs1 and if on reaching this fence both rowels suddenly are made to prick him1 in an instant he understands the friendly hint1 and accordingly1 by exerting much greater powers than he had intended1 he saves himself and his benefactor from a bad fall4 ,in a few cases of this nature the use of spurs to a sportsman is not only excusable1 but invaluable4 ,on no account1 however1 should they be used to propel a hunter to the end of a run1 but1 on the contrary1 whenever the noble animal tells his rider honestly that he is distressed1 he should gratefully be patted on the neck1 pulled up1 and walked carefully to the nearest habitation1 where he can rest and obtain a few gulps of warm gruel4 ,humanity will not disapprove of this course2 but we also recommend young sportsmen to adopt it1 to maintain their pleasures and to save their own purses4 ,to ride a distressed horse at a strong fence1 is very likely to break a collar-bone1 that will require a surgeon and half the hunting season to mend4 ,to ride him to death1 entails extortion from the breeches-pocket of a sum of money--usually of three figures--to replace him4 ,how ,to ,treat a ,hunter in the ,field4 ,of the ,ten ,commandments which man is ordered to obey1 it may truly be said that there is no one which it is not alike his interest as well as his duty to fulfil4 ,in every station in life in which it may have pleased ,god to call him1 he rises by being honest--sinks by being dishonest2 gains more by forgiving an injury than by avenging it2 creates friends by kindness--enemies by unkindness2 causes even bad servants to be faithful by making them happy2 and thus1 while he is apparently serving others1 in reality he is materially benefiting himself4 ,by a similar dispensation of ,providence1 it is the interest as well as the duty of man to be merciful to the animals created for his use4 ,the better they are fed1 and the more carefully they are attended to1 the more valuable they become4 ,if by any accident they be either maimed or lamed1 money is gained by giving them rest1 lost by forcing them to continue to move2 in short1 while sickness is costly so long as it remains uncured1 any neglect which causes a diseased animal to die1 inflicts upon the owner thereof a fine exactly equal to what would have been gained had he been saved4 ,this humane regulation of ,nature1 which may justly be entitled a law for the protection of animals from cruelty1 applies to every hunting stable1 large as well as small1 not only in the ,united ,kingdom1 but throughout the world4 ,indeed if it be lucrative to a man to take care of the sheep1 oxen1 and other animals he is rearing merely to eat1 it is most especially his interest by every attention in his power to enable his hunter to carry him safely2 and yet1 on this vital subject1 for such it is1 there usually exists in the horseman a want of consideration which1 to any one who will reflect on the subject1 must appear highly reprehensible4 ,it may readily be admitted that hunting men1 generally speaking1 make great efforts first to obtain horses sufficiently strong to carry them1 and secondly1 to increase their strength by administering to them plenty of the very best food1 with every thing that science can add1 to improve what is called their condition4 ,but1 strange to say1 after having thus made every possible exertion to create or constitute a power sufficient to carry them1 after having at great expense and infinite trouble amassed it1 they unscientifically exhaust it2 and accordingly at the end of a long day it continually happens that a rider dislocates a bone1 cracks a limb1 or loses his life1 from having as it were1 like an improvident spendthrift1 simply from want of consideration1 expended funds necessary for his existence4 ,when ,alexander the ,great pompously asked ,diogenes what he could do to serve him1 the cynic curtly replied1 ,get out of my sunshine4 ,in like manner if a heavy man1 patting his hunter on the neck1 were to ask ,what can ,i do to please you8 the dumb animal1 if he could but speak1 would just as bluntly reply1 ,get off my back2 and yet men1 especially heavy ones1 will throughout a long day sit smiling in their saddles1 without reflecting that by doing so they are every minute and every hour wearying muscles which1 after having carried them brilliantly in one run1 are1 if a second fox can be found1 to be required to carry them through another4 ,a deal board of the length of a horse's back1 with its ends resting on the bottoms of two chairs1 would break1 a stout pole would snap1 and a rod of iron would bend1 under the feet of a heavy man jumping upon them only for a few minutes2 and yet the same heavy man who in the same short period would become dead tired of carrying even his only child1 neglects to consider the mechanical effects caused by the mere pressure 7to say nothing of the concussion produced by jumping7 for seven or eight hours of fourteen1 sixteen1 or eighteen stone on a horse's back1 which is not a solid bone1 but one scotched or sawn by ,nature into a decreasing series of twenty-nine vertebr 7namely1 dorsal1 #ah2 lumbar1 #f2 sacral1 #e71 averaging less than two inches in length and breadth4 ,the wearying effects which the infliction of weight produces on the muscular powers of a horse may be practically demonstrated as follows3 ,in crossing a particular region in the plains of ,south ,america1 in which there are literally no inhabitants to assist in catching the horses1 it is necessary for the attendant on the traveller to select and drive a troop of them1 which continue to gallop before him in high spirits1 while the animal beneath him1 unaccustomed to extra weight1 becomes weaker and fainter1 until with bleeding sides1 drooping head1 and panting flanks1 he is left standing by himself on the plain completely exhausted4 ,no less than five times is the traveller obliged to repeat the operation of remounting what is called1 what is considered1 and what really is a fresh horse1 which in his turn1 solely by his rider's weight1 becomes tired1 without metaphor1 almost to death1 in the presence of the unmounted horses1 who1 with nothing to carry but their own carcases1 are still showing no signs whatever of distress4,e ,now although a horse highly fed and in good wind and condition has greater muscular power than those in the state of nature just described1 it is undeniable that the difference between carrying weight and no weight must produce in each of them similar results2 that is to say1 those muscles which are oppressed suffer by the amount of weight inflicted upon them1 multiplied by the time they are subjected to it1 and again negatively enjoy the periods of rest1 be they ever so short1 during which they are relieved from it4 ,and yet1 although every body learns by daily experience that the imposition of weight tires his own muscles1 that the abstraction of weight instantly relieves them2 and although it is a known fact that when two thorough-bred horses are racing together1 an addition of only seven pounds weight will cause the bearer of it to be distanced1 yet men of rank1 intelligence1 wealth1 and generous feelings1 are1 at the outside of a covert which the hounds are drawing1 to be constantly seen late in the day with cigars in their mouths1 conversing and occasionally even extolling to each other the qualifications of the noble animals on whose backs they have been thoughtlessly sitting for six or eight hours1 as hard as a hen upon a nest full of eggs just about to hatch4 ,in the army when a soldier who has committed an offence is sentenced to crawl for several hours up and down a parade in heavy marching order1 it is justly called punishment drill4 ,in like manner1 if an unruly horse were to be sentenced merely to stand in his stable for ten hours with a sack of heavy oats1 weighing 7at forty-two pounds the bushel7 exactly twelve stone1 the punishment or pain his muscles would undergo in bearing such a weight for so long a time would be so severe that by almost everybody it would be termed cruel4 ,but if1 instead of being quiescent1 the sack of oats could by mechanical contrivances be continually lifted up1 and then by a series of heavy blows dropped down upon vertebr which have nothing but muscles to support them1 the punishment would be condemned as excruciating2 and yet this excruciating punishment is quite unnecessarily inflicted upon hunters by a lot of good-humoured heavy men1 simply from neglecting to reflect that if they would1 only even for a minute or two1 occasionally unload their saddles1 to walk a little1 stand still a little1 or1 while the hounds are drawing1 sit placidly upon the stile or gate that is often close beside them1 they would not only perform an act of mercy1 but they would impart or rather restore strength1 tone1 and activity to muscles which1 if vigorous1 can carry them safely1 but which1 if exhausted1 must inevitably fail when tested by a severe run4 ,in deference and in reference to this law of ,nature1 it may truly be added that the proprietor of a valuable stud of horses would gain a great deal of money as well as ensure safety if he would select and set apart1 say two of them for his groom to ride to covert1 leading by his side1 with an empty saddle1 the horse that is to hunt2 by which arrangement the cheap hack1 which from the covert-side has only to return to his stable1 would carry1 and the costly hunter which is to endure the toil of a long day would for two1 three1 and occasionally four hours be relieved from the weight of about a sack of oats1 to say nothing of but too often a pair of hard and heavy hands2 and thus the wealthy rider1 on descending from the box of his four-in-hand drag1 would1 at a saving rather than an expenditure of money1 have secured for himself the benefit of mounting a fresh hunter1 instead of one more or less tired by what in our statistical returns are designated preventible causes4 ,footnote ,e3 ,the ancient ,greeks practised riding two or three horses tied together3 the horseman vaulting from the tired to the fresh one4 ,how ,to ,bring a ,hunter ,home4 ,of the long list of hunters annually killed by what is called a severe day1 about one-third may be said to have died from bad riding1 and two-thirds by improper treatment after the run was over4 ,supposing1 as is often the case1 that the majority of the horses that are in at the death have been out of their stables from seven to eight hours1 that they have been conspicuous in two or three runs1 and that1 with the lower edge of the sun nearly touching the horizon1 they have to travel from fifteen to twenty miles to their stables1 a question of vital importance has to be determined1 namely1 whether they are to perform that exertion in the way most agreeable to their riders1 or most advantageous to themselves4 ,in the settlement of this problem the poor horses have1 of course1 neither voice nor vote4 ,on their behalf1 therefore1 we will endeavour to contrast the attentions that ought to be bestowed upon them1 with the inconsiderate treatment to which they are usually subjected4 ,in a severe day's work a hunter suffers from a combination of three causes3 violent muscular exertion1 an overexcitement of the circulation of the blood1 and debility of his whole system caused by abstinence from food4 ,of these causes1 the latter produces by far the worst results2 for although to the muscles may be given rest1 and to the circulation repose1 the stomach of a horse is so small and1 in comparison to his noble spirit1 so delicate1 that on becoming empty and exhausted it is in an unfit state to digest food1 and accordingly is beneficently deprived by ,nature of appetite to receive it4 ,now1 under all these circumstances1 it is evident that the most humane1 and1 taking the money value of the poor animal into consideration1 the most economical course which the rider can pursue is as follows3 ,as soon as the day's sport is over1 the hunter should be led1 or ridden1 at a walk for about a mile to some stable--it little matters whether it be good1 bad1 or indifferent--or strawyard1 where he can stand for a minute or two4 ,when the object for which he has been taken there has been accomplished1 about a third of a pail of gruel1 or lukewarm water1 with a mouthful or two of hay1 should be given to him4 ,to prevent his being chilled1 the instant he has swallowed it he should be mounted2 and whatever be the distance he has to accomplish1 he should then be ridden homewards at a constant steady pace of about seven miles an hour4 ,after a staghunt in which the hunter may have been galloping principally on roads1 soft ground 7if it be not deep7 should be selected2 but when1 as is usually the case in fox hunting1 the muscles have1 during the greater part of the day1 been struggling in heavy soil1 he should be permitted to travel1 as he invariably tries to do1 on the hard road4 ,as they proceed together1 if the rider will dismount for a few minutes to lead his horse down or up any very steep hill1 both animals will be greatly relieved4 ,with this exception1 however1 there should be no alteration of pace or stoppage of any sort or kind4 ,if1 at the quiet rate described1 the hunter begins to blunder1 it will be proper that he should be what is termed wakened by a word of remonstrance1 or1 if that prove insufficient1 by a slight touch of the spur4 ,but if1 as is usual1 the noble animal travels safely1 the duller he is encouraged to go1 the greater will be the relief to that over excitement of the circulation of his blood1 and that violent palpitation of his heart1 from which he has suffered4 ,by this treatment a hunter in good condition can1 in the shortest possible time1 be brought home not only cool in body and tranquil in mind1 but with limbs less wearied than when they took leave of the hounds4 ,on entering his stable1 in the manger of which he should find1 ready to welcome him1 a handful or two of picked sweet hay1 his bridle should be taken off1 his girths unloosened1 and then1 before his body is touched1 all his four legs1 after being cleared only of rough dirt1 should1 without a moment's delay1 be swathed from the knees and hocks to the hoofs by rough bandages of coarse common drugget1 which maintain in the extremities that healthy circulation which1 from the minuteness of their veins1 is prone1 after great exhaustion1 to stagnate1 producing 7especially when caused by the ignorant custom of washing the legs7 disorganisation and disease throughout the whole system1 as the following fact will exemplify4 ,several seasons ago almost every hunter in ,leicestershire and ,northamptonshire was afflicted by a combination of lumps1 bumps1 swelled legs1 and cracked heels1 caused by the extraordinary wetness of the ground1 and the consequent ablutions of the legs4 ,after the veterinary surgeons had in vain nearly exhausted their pharmacopia1 the oldest and most experienced among them directed that on no account should horses' legs1 after hunting1 be washed2 and wherever this plain1 sensible prescription was followed1 all the symptoms just described rapidly subsided4 ,if the hunter1 as is now-a-days almost invariably the case1 has been singed1 the less he is excited and tormented by cleaning 7the main object of which1 with many strappers1 seems to be to make the poor animal crouch his back1 bite his manger1 and violently work all his legs as if they were on a tread-mill7 the better4 ,at the expiration of about an hour white flannel bandages should1 however1 be substituted for the coarse ones1 under which the dirt will then be found to crumble away like warm sand4 ,if his ears 7the opposite extremities or antipodes of his legs7 have become cold1 circulation therein should be restored by the groom quietly rubbing them with a cloth2 and as soon as they are dry1 and the animal what is called comfortable1 a pailful of warm gruel given to him at intervals1 a bran mash1 a rackful of hay1 a clean stall1 some chilled water1 and a fresh bed1 will do all that is possible to procure for him a night's rest1 free from fever2 and this vital object having been accomplished1 the next day he may receive without injury1 and indeed with great benefit1 his usual allowance of the best oats and beans4 ,now1 in contrast to the mode of treatment just described1 we will endeavour to offer to our readers a similar sketch of that which1 especially by what are termed fast men 7possibly because lucus non lucendo they make it a rule never to fast or abstain from any thing they desire to do71 is usually adopted4 ,after the run is over1 while one sturdy hound that all the rest seem to be afraid of is stealing straight away with the poor fox's head1 and while another at his utmost speed1 chased by several1 is meandering through the pack with a lump of unsavoury1 very dirty fur in his mouth1 groups of riders1 some sitting astride1 some like pretty ladies with a right leg hanging over the saddle's pommel1 some with cambric handkerchiefs mopping moist heads and red faces1 and some adjusting mustachios1 are to be seen reciting to each other incidents aqueous1 terrestrial1 and amphibious1 of the run4 ,here and there1 one of the most handsome1 as he talks1 leans forward for a moment to pat the neck of his thorough bred animal in grateful acknowledgment of the particular feat he is describing4 ,in what is considered by all to be hardly a quarter of an hour1 7for when men sit conversing about themselves1 they little know how fast old father ,time gallops71 this joyous conversazione ends by the talkers1 after giving to each other here and there a farewell nod1 radiating in masses along roads1 or across a fence or two1 to gain the road that leads to their respective homes2 but as1 by this time1 in almost every mouth a newly-lighted cigar happens to be gleaming1 they resume their talk as they walk towards an object described at the back of the head of almost every one1 in the humane words gruel for my horse1 to be obtained1 not exactly at the first farm1 but at the first great town1 be it even half a dozen or so1 miles off4 ,on reaching the best hotel1 at which there is seldom hot water enough ready for all the cavalcade1 the horses are handed over to that lot of idle attendants who1 some out of the stable and some from the bar1 greedily rush forward to grasp their bridles4 ,gruel is most kindly ordered for them all2 but as it is voted that there is no great necessity to see them drink it1 the landlord's smiling invitation is accepted1 and in a few minutes1 by one of those extraordinary contingencies that nobody could have anticipated1 each gentleman rider is to be seen1 in high glee and good-humour1 sipping from a tumbler 7which for some quaint reason or other happens to contain a silver spoon7 something that is evidently very wet and very warm4 ,alas6 little thinking that his poor faithful horse1 whose performances he had so lately been describing1 with cold clammy ears is shivering1 chilled by having just drank too freely of a summut1 without a spoon in it1 that was wet and cold4 ,on mounting1 and clattering out of the paved yard of the hotel1 most of the riders fancy they are all the better--many of their horses feel that they are all the worse for the half hour's rest and gruelling that was ordered for them4 ,but although the quadrupeds leave behind them the fatal pail1 the silver spoon has apparently accompanied the bipeds1 who1 like the favoured children of ,fortune1 are1 externally as well as internally1 under the influence of ardent spirits4 ,all thoroughly happy1 they think neither of their horses nor their homes2 but1 according to the subject of their conversation1 and the state of their cigars1 they walk1 trot1 sometimes very slow1 and sometimes very fast1 until1 on coming to a portion of the road bounded by grass1 although their poor horses have had an overdose of both excitement and of heavy ground1 they touch them with their spurs1 to re-enjoy1 for a short distance1 a hand-gallop4 ,in short1 travelling at what may either be described as every pace1 or no pace at all1 they unnecessarily excite and fatigue their horses2 and yet1 after all1 though undoubtedly fast men1 they are often considerably more than an hour longer in getting home than if they had proceeded at a slow1 quiet1 steady1 but unceasing rate4 ,on reaching this goal the poor horse who1 from eight o'clock in the morning1 has been working on an empty stomach1 is led by his bridle to his stable4 ,the rich man prepares himself for his dinner4 ,since he breakfasted1 at a quarter before nine in the morning1 he has1 at a low average1 enjoyed the slight intoxication of very nearly a cigar per hour1 besides certain refreshments which he brought out with him1 and the few crumbs of comfort at the hotel at which he stopped to give gruel to his horse4 ,nevertheless1 on the principle that by-gones are by-gones1 after his ablutions1 exactly as if he had been fasting1 he sits down to a capital meal1 joyous conversation1 luscious wine4 ,in due time he joins the ladies1 and as1 with rosy cheeks1 and with a cup of fragrant coffee in his hand1 he stands in patent-leather boots1 whispering soft nonsense1 the butler1 white in waistcoat and in tie1 most respectfully interrupts it to inform his ,lordship that ,mr4 ,willo'thewhisp has just sent up a strapper from the stable to say that ,harkaway has took to shaking1 and seems very queer indeed all over6 and accordingly1 on the evening of the next day1 the poor high-bred animal1 with protruding tongue1 glacy eyes dishonoured by a few particles of dust1 hollow flank1 and outstretched limbs1 lies in his stall1 stiff and stark1 a victim to the unintentional maltreatment and thoughtless mismanagement of his noble master4 ,how ,to dress for ,hunting4 ,as in our ,nursery ,rhymes it is truly stated that-- ,whatever brawls disturb the streets1 there should be peace at home1 so it might be expected that1 however violently men may differ among each other as to the shape1 cut1 or fashion of their clothes1 they would at all events1 like a brood of chickens nestling under their parent hen1 concur together in selecting that description of warmth which is congenial1 and in avoiding every substance uncongenial to their nature4 ,and yet how true and how strange it is to say that of the best educated1 most scientific1 most intelligent1 and wealthiest classes in ,england1 more than three-quarters live and suffer1 wither and decay1 in clothing as uncongenial to their nature as a covering of slate1 in substitution of their mother1 would be to a nest of young birds6 ,in a cold1 wet1 variable climate like ,england1 where1 especially in winter1 extra clothing to that granted to man by nature is absolutely required1 the sensible and self evident course for the ,lord of ,creation to pursue would be to select from the living creatures around him1 and appropriate1 the fur1 feathers1 wool1 or hair that warm them4 ,and yet1 instead of thus cherishing blood by what has especially been created by ,nature to warm blood1 we repair to the cold ground for succour6 ,from its produce we pick cotton and hemp1 nourished by a circulation of sap2 in short1 from a mixture of perversity and ignorance which appear to be as inexcusable as they are unaccountable1 we run for protection to the wrong kingdom1 to commit the unnatural error of clothing ourselves as vegetables instead of as animals6 ,if a man has had nothing to do in this world but1 with a crown on his head and with his knees closed1 to sit very still on a throne1--with a coronet balanced on his head1 to walk very gently from one carpeted room to another1--or in very tight boots to stand gaping at his fellow creatures as1 at different rates1 they pass in procession before his club window1 he may live1 die1 and be screwed up in his coffin without ever discovering the mistake he has committed2 but1 on the other hand1 if he has only for a few years been exposed to hard work1 and even without severe labour to the vicissitudes of climate1 he very soon finds out that he is suffering from the uncongenial clothing in which he has been existing4 ,indeed1 our soldiers and sailors on active service1 whether within the tropics or the polar regions2 our labourers1 especially those who work underground in mines2 in fact all classes of people1 sooner or later1 are not only by medical men admonished1 but by the aches and pains of ,caliban1 with all the ills which flesh is heir to when it has been suddenly chilled1 are forced to discard vegetable covering1 in order to nestle1 for the remainder of their lives1 in woollen clothing next to their skin2 and when a man has lived to make this important discovery1 he keenly feels that although his friend and neighbour would be grievously out of fashion were he to walk about the world with his cotton drawers over his woollen trousers1 and with his ,irish-linen shirt outside his coat1 yet that it would be less insane and infinitely more reasonable for him to do so than to exist1 as is still the general custom of the community1 in vegetable garments1 covered on the outside with woollen clothing4 ,in fact1 it is undeniable that a sinner doing penance in a hair shirt enjoys better health than a saint in a lawn one4 ,for ordinary work only ordinary protection may be required2 but as in hunting the rider is exposed to every variety of weather1 good1 bad1 and indifferent1--to sunshine1 cold1 wind1 rain1 sleet1 and snow1--to a heating gallop1 with a plunge into a brook1 ending by a chilling detention at every fresh covert which the hounds are drawing1 it must be obvious that to fortify himself against all these alternations1 he requires not merely the dress superficially prescribed1 namely1 a scarlet coat1 leather breeches1 top boots1 and a hat or a hunting cap1 but beneath this gaudy surface the most wholesome description of underclothing that science can devise4 ,now in the hunting field1 experience1 after a desperate struggle1 has at last demonstrated the advantages of wool2 and1 accordingly1 for some years it has been1 and is1 the habit and the fashion of most men1 especially the fast ones1 entirely to discard linen1 and in lieu thereof to ride in flannel shirts--pink1 red1 crimson1 or many coloured--and in drawers drawn either from the back of a lamb or a sheep4 ,the coats are lined throughout backs and sleeves with flannel2 and as the waistcoats have also sleeves of the same material1 the rider of the present day is not only wholesomely warmed1 but his clothing1 from being divided into many layers1 is capable of keeping out a moderate shower of several hours' duration4 ,to provide1 however1 against a soaking day1 it is usual to put on woollen drawers of extra thickness2 but as it is impossible to foretell how long it will rain--for when it pours early in the morning1 it not unusually becomes bright at eleven1 and vice vers--this precaution often proves not only unnecessary1 but throughout the whole day a very unpleasant incumbrance1 which1 after all1 fortifies a great deal more of the propria persona than is required4 ,a better plan1 or dodge1 therefore1 when the morning threatens to turn into a drenching day1 is to place over the thin drawers on the surface only of each thigh1 7which1 from its position in riding1 and from the dripping from the brim of the hat1 invariably becomes wet1 while all the rest of the drawers remain dry71 a piece of stout serge or saddler's flannel1 which will keep out the rain for a long time2 which1 when wet1 can in a moment be drawn out1 dried at any little inn1 farm1 or cottage fire1 and then replaced2 and which1 if1 from the cessation of the rain1 it be not needed1 instead of heating the owner1 can be rolled up and transferred into one of his coat pockets1 to remain there like a letter addressed ,poste restante1 till called for4 ,of boots there are just two sorts3 those that do protect the mechanism of the knee1 and those that don't protect it4 ,of these1 the latter are the most fashionable4 ,however1 leaving the rider to make his choice1 it need only be observed that if the soles are broad1 the feet within them will be warm2 and1 if narrow1 cold2 simply from the circulation of the blood having1 by pressure1 become impeded4 ,chilblains are often the result1 though more usually caused by the mistaken luxury1 as it is called1 of putting the feet when chilled by hunting into warm instead of into cold water1 the temperature of which1 if possible1 should be lowered in proportion to the coldness of the feet3 indeed1 whenever flesh is frost-bitten1 the well-known practical remedy is snow2 while on the other hand an approach to fire instantly produces mortification4 ,and now for a very few words respecting the upper1 or garret-story of the rider4 ,in ,leicestershire1 many years ago1 it was1 and in ,surrey it still is1 the fashion for fast men to ride in the hunting caps worn by all huntsmen and whippers in4 ,they were invented to protect the head1 whereas they have very properly been discarded in the shires because they have proved to be its enemy1 or rather the enemy of the rider's neck1 which is liable1 on a very slight fall1 as was lately the case with poor ,lord ,waterford1 to be broken1 literally on account of the protection given to the head by the cap1 which1 instead of collapsing like the buffer of a railway carriage1 as a hat does when it is crushed by a fall1 transfers to the neck the whole concussion of the blow4 ,in all hunting hats a small hole should be made1 either in the crown or sides1 to admit fresh air1 and to allow the steam from a hot head to escape1 instead of heating the brain and injuring the hair4 ,as regards the latter1 for the sake not only of our masculine1 but of our feminine readers 7one of whose innumerable natural ornaments is their hair71 we will venture to point out another mistake which is generally committed by our seeking assistance from the inanimate instead of the animate portion of creation4 ,we all know that throughout our country1 and indeed throughout the world1 there are exposed for sale two descriptions of oil2 and as one of them is compressed from vegetables1 and the other obtained from animals1 without reflecting for a moment1 it ought surely1 at once1 to occur to everybody1 that as all things were created good1 according to their kind1 vegetable oil would not prove to be good for animal substances2 and accordingly1 every coachman and stable-man concur in testifying1 on their practical experience1 that while animal oil mollifies and preserves all descriptions of bridles and harness1 vegetable oil burns and destroys any leather it is applied to1 disfiguring as well as impairing it by deep cracks1 crossing each other like network 7declared in ,johnson's ,dictionary to mean anything reticulated or decussated at equal distances1 with interstices between the intersections74 ,but just as the texture of linen is infinitely finer and more beautiful than that of broadcloth or flannel1 so is vegetable oil clearer and more inodorous than animal oil1 for which reasons the former1 instead of the latter1 is almost invariably used by perfumers in concocting what is sold by them as hair oil1 which1 when extracted from almonds1 olives1 or any other vegetable substance1 is1 although highly scented1 exactly as injurious to hair as it would be to harness2 and thus it is lamentable to observe young people blooming around us in all directions becoming prematurely bald-headed1 and older ones more or less rheumatic1 dyspeptic1 c41 from having by their own acts and deeds1 namely1 by rubbing their heads and clothing their bodies with the wrong substances1 foolishly deserted the animal kingdom to which they belong1 to go over to an alien1 that1 for the purposes for which they seek its protection1 is really their enemy4 ,how to ,eat and ,drink for ,hunting4 ,when a young man too tall for school1 that is to say1 who has just concluded his studies1 is on the point of what is called embarking in life1 it would be well for him if he would but pause for a few moments1 on the brink of his earthly career1 to determine1 not how he can avoid1 but on the contrary1 which1 out of the many alluring pleasures standing in array before him1 will afford him1 when selected1 the greatest and most enduring enjoyments4 ,now these pleasures1 sensual1 literary1 and religious1 may be compared to the different qualifications in a large stud of horses1 which1 as we all know1 may be divided into three classes1 namely-- #a4 ,those that will carry their rider brilliantly for a short time1 and then1 gradually failing1 bring him early in the day to what1 in the hunting field1 is termed grief4 #b4 ,those that will carry him well through three quarters of a good run1 and then give in4 #c4 ,those which will not only carry him through any run1 however severe it may be1 but end a happy day by bringing him gloriously to his long home4 ,if this classification of the pleasures of this world be correct1 there can exist no doubt that it is the interest of every young person to select from them those which1 in intensity1 increase instead of diminish the longer they are enjoyed1 and which in duration are eternal1 instead of being shorter than life4 ,yet1 supposing this wise selection to be made1 it does not follow1 because one set of pleasures rank infinitely higher than others1 that the former should be exclusively pursued1 and the latter wholly abandoned4 ,on the contrary1 as rest restores the strength of the body after hard labour1 so do pleasures of a lower order1 if judiciously administered1 recruit the exhaustion caused by mental exertion4 ,now1 of all sensual pleasures1 those of eating and drinking produce1 as we either use or abuse them1 the most opposite results4 ,when a young man commences his career1 the engine which is to propel him throughout his life1 is1 his stomach4 ,if he preserves it1 it will in return render him good service4 ,if he inconsiderately wears it out1 whatever abilities he may possess become to him of no avail4 ,indeed the ,spanish proverb truly says that in man's progress in the army1 navy1 law1 church1 or state1 in short in every profession1 it is the belly that lifts the feet4 ,but the same remark is applicable1 not only to every profession1 but to all our amusements and recreations4 ,a young horseman1 therefore1 who wishes to enjoy the greatest possible amount of hunting1 should ensure it by taking the greatest possible care1 not of his neck--not even of his life1 for1 as has been shown1 the less he interferes with his horse in jumping1 the safer he will go--but of his stomach1 or in other words1 of his health4 ,to attain this object he has no penance whatever to perform1 for1 as he is undergoing strong exercise1 his system requires1 is entitled to1 and ought to be allowed ample support1 say a capital breakfast2 a crust of sweet bread in the middle of the day2 and after hunting is over1 a glass of pure cold water to bring him home to a good1 wholesome dinner1 with three or four glasses of super-excellent wine4 ,now if a young rider were to resolve to rough it on1 or as many of his companions would call it1 to stint himself to1 the diet above described1 he would sit down to every meal with an appetite that nothing but healthy hunger can create2 and thus1 even from the sensual gratification of eating and drinking1 he would derive the maximum of enjoyment1 which would not only on the following day exhilarate his spirits1 and strengthen his body1 but which1 by invigorating his nerves as well as his stomach1 would maintain for him1 to old age1 the best possible recreation to his intellectual occupations1 the manly exercise of hunting4 ,instead1 however1 of subsisting on the healthy diet just described1 the ordinary practice of many hunting men is to add to what may be called ,nature's prescription for the enjoyment of good health the following ingredients3-- #a4 ,after breakfast1 before mounting the spiry covert hack--a cigar4 #b4 ,on arriving at a hand-gallop at the meet2 again on reaching the covert--a cigar4 #c4 ,at two o'clock some cold grouse1 a long suck from a flat flask full of sherry1 or brandy and water1 and--a cigar4 #d4 ,after the run1 another suck at the flat flask--a cigar4 ,refreshment at the nearest inn1 for man and horse1 and--a cigar4 #e4 ,while riding home1 per hour--a cigar4 #f4 ,on reaching home1 a heavy dinner1 a superstratum of wine1 an astronomical peep at the new moon1 and--a cigar4 ,for a short time1 a stout system is exhilarated1 and a strong stomach may be invigorated1 by a series of gifts so munificently bestowed upon them by the right hand of their lord and master4 ,but as ,death eventually levels all distinctions1 so do a constant slight intoxication produced by tobacco1 vinous and spirituous liquors1 with a superabundance of rich food1 sooner or later first weaken the stomach1 and then gradually debilitate the system1 of the strong man as well as of the puny one4 ,the first symptom of premature decay is announced by the nerves1 which1 to the astonishment of the young rider1 sometimes fail so rapidly1 that while the whole of the rest of his system appears to him and to everybody to be as blooming and as vigorous as ever1 he is compelled1 under the best excuse he can invent1 to sell his stud1 and abandon for the rest of his life the favourite recreation he has himself destroyed4 ,again1 although the delicate network of the nervous system may continue uninjured1 the stomach1 from being continually over-excited1 overwhelmed1 and over-burdened by a heavy1 conglomerated mixture which it has not power to digest1 begins to become unable to execute1 not its natural functions1 but the unnatural amount of work it is called upon to perform4 ,the blood becomes impure1 secretions are vitiated1 the liver gets disordered1 the oppressed lungs are ready for inflammation1 the brain is heated1 the pulse irregular2 in fact1 the whole mechanism of the system becomes so deranged that the rider eventually experiences1 to his vast regret1 that he enjoys rest more than exercise1 and accordingly in due1 or rather in undue time1 he retires from his saddle to an elbow chair4 ,but he is hardly seated therein when the sudden change in his habits1 from an active to a sedentary life1 rapidly produces the usual effects4 ,did his big toe1 unknown to him1 receive yesterday any little blow8 ,can he have sprained it in his sleep8 ,what can possibly have swelled it so8 ,how shiny and scarlet it looks6 ,how burning hot it is getting6 ,gracious heavens1 what a twitch that was66 something must be in it4 ,that something1 oh6 seems to be a red-hot file in the hands of a demon who is rasping a hole in the bone4 ,ah6 ,ai6 ,o ,o ,o ,,oh66 ,but this little mischievous demon is only one of a legion2 for besides the eating complaint1 commonly called gout1 diseases1 all more or less painful1 produced by intemperate habits1 or1 in other words1 by giving to the poor willing stomach more food and liquor than it could digest1 are so innumerable1 that it would require1 and does require1 a library of books to describe them1 with regiments of medicine-men to prescribe for them--in vain4 ,india1 my boy1 said an ,irishman to a friend on his arrival at ,calcutta1 is jist the finest climate under the sun4 ,but a lot of young fellows come out here1 and they dhrink and they ate1 and they ate and they dhrink1 and they die4 ,and thin1 they write home to their friends a pack o' lies1 and say1 it's the climate as has killed 'em6 ,but to return to the saddle4 ,instead of preaching from it abstinence to hunting-men1 they ought1 on the contrary1 to be urged to enjoy the greatest amount of gratification that can possibly be derived from eating and drinking1 not for a single day1 week1 month1 or year1 but throughout their whole lives4 ,to enable themselves1 however1 to ascertain this amount1 it is necessary for them to put into a pair of scales1 to be accurately weighed against each other1 the enjoyments of temperance1 and the sorrows and anguish of intemperance4 ,if1 on doing so1 they ascertain that the balance is in favour of eating1 drinking1 and tobacco-smoking ad libitum1 they will act wisely in indulging in all three to the utmost possible extent4 ,if1 on the contrary1 they ascertain that some of these pleasures last only for a few seconds1 some for a few minutes1 and none for more than one or two hours1 while1 on the other hand1 the afflictions caused by intemperance endure for months and years2--that felo-de-se they put an end to hunting1 spoil cricket1 stop shooting1 and last1 but not least1 ruin not only bodily but intellectual enjoyments1 they will act wisely by resolving to befriend themselves as they befriend their horses1 namely1 by prescribing for all and each an ample quantity of food of the very best description1 and1 if more be required by a greedy stomach--the muzzle4 ,difference between ,leicestershire and ,surrey ,hunting4 ,when a stranger comes to hunt in the shires he is surprised1 and is usually a little alarmed1 at the size of the fences1 until he learns1 by experience1 how very easily they are crossed2 for although almost all non-hunting people1 especially ladies1 fancy that it must be dangerous to encounter a large fence1 and easy to pass over a small one1 yet in practice the reverse1 within moderate bounds1 may be said to be the truth3 indeed1 it is notorious that of the bad accidents that happen in the hunting-field1 at least three-fourths occur either at small impediments or at no impediment at all4 ,for instance1 perhaps the very worst fall a rider can get is by his horse1 at full speed1 stepping on the edge of a little rabbit-hole2 next comes that occasioned by one of his fore feet in his gallop dropping into a deep drain about six inches broad2 next to that by his coming to a ditch too narrow to attract his observation1 or to a stiff hedge so low that he disdains to rise at it2 and at this rate danger diminishes1 until the rider arrives at what may be termed the point of greatest safety1 namely1 a moderately high fence through which 7as in the county first mentioned7 a horse can at a glimpse see on the other side a broad and deep ditch or small brook4 ,a hunter coming fast and cheerfully at a fence of this description1 no sooner is observed to prick his ears1 than in self-defence he is sure to try1 and if he tries he is not only sure1 but by his momentum he cannot help to clear it4 ,the great ease with which large fences can be crossed produces the following rather curious result1 namely1 that although the horses ridden after hounds in ,leicestershire1 ,northamptonshire1 and ,lincolnshire are infinitely superior to those ridden in ,surrey1 yet the small1 blind1 cramped1 awkward1 and consequently difficult1 fences of the latter county require1 and therefore create1 better horsemen than those who1 in the shires1 as joyously as swallows in summer1 are to be seen in leafless ,november skimming together across grass fields separated by broad fences4 ,and it is for this reason1 that while a horseman from the small1 difficult fences1 if well mounted1 has always been found able to go and clear the broad1 easier ones1 the very best riders from the region of the latter1 whenever for the first time they try to get across the former1 must1 until they have been sufficiently educated1 either submit to follow experienced leaders or--break their necks4 ,but although of valour discretion has been declared to be the better part1 yet in hunting a constant necessity to look before you leap is a virtue so exceedingly painful to practise1 that on the principle that where ignorance is bliss 'tis folly to be wise1 the imperfect rider1 in a good country1 may rest well satisfied that he has infinitely more enjoyment than is allotted to the superior horseman in a bad one4 ,the ,stable4 ,a comparison between the true ,briton's love for his home1 and that of a horse for his stable1 elicits conflicting facts which are very remarkable2 for although in theory and in law the house of the former is said to be his castle1 and although the latter is confined to his stable by head-collars1 pillar-reins1 rack-chains1 halter-ropes1 yet the hard1 honest fact is1 that the owner of the castle often seizes every possible opportunity to escape from it1 while the inhabitant of the stable1 if left to his own accord1 would never leave it4 ,it sounds very beautiful for the ,englishman to sing-- ,be it ever so humble1 there's no place like home2 for the ,scotch poet to write-- ,oh ,caledonia stern and wild1 ,meet nurse for a poetic child2 and for his brother ,paddy to exclaim-- ,sweetest isle of the ocean1 ,erin mavourneen1 ,erin go ,bragh3 yet it is impossible to deny that the song1 the poetry1 and the exclamation are not in unison with the fact that the songster1 the poet1 and the exclaimer are constantly caught in the fact of having stolen away from the very home1 the very nurse1 and the very isle they so ardently profess to love3 indeed1 in proof of the alibi1 every region of the globe1 healthy or unhealthy1 and especially every town1 city1 and bathing-place in ,europe1 could not only declare on affidavit that its localities1 high-roads1 bye-roads1 paths1 and streets1 are1 especially in summer time or flea-season1 to be seen crawling alive with deserters from ,british homes1 but to the questions1 ,who is waving that flag in the balloon high above our heads8--,who is standing in solitary triumph on the summit of that white capped mountain8--,who is it that has just descended from human sight to the bottom of the sea in a diving-bell8 nine times out of ten it might truly be answered ,a ,briton1 who1 in apparent desperation1 has sought refuge in the clouds1 in the region of eternal snow1 or in the briny deep1 in order to get away from his dulce domum1 and from the right little1 tight little island that contains it4 ,in almost every instance the home he has deserted is1 comparatively speaking1 replete with luxury and comfort2 and yet1 from stuffed sofas1 easy chairs1 feather beds1 soft mattresses1 warm fires1 good carpets1 a well-stocked library1 cellar1 larder1 and dairy1 flower and fruit gardens1 carriages on buoyant springs1 a stud of horses1 faithful servants1 and friendly neighbours1 he has fled1 with1 in one pocket1 a purse which1 wherever he stops1 by everybody is to be plundered2 and in the other a passport1 not to happiness1 but to every description of what he has been educated to consider as a discomfort1 simply because1 instead of being homesick1 he has become sick1 almost unto death1 of his home4 ,now1 with these facts before us1 which nobody can deny1 it is strange to reflect that while man1 from all parts of the ,united ,kingdom1 is to be seen centrifugally flying from his domicile1 the horse's love for his stable is a flame which brightens as it burns1 and which nothing but death can extinguish4 ,those who have not studied or even observed the propensities of a horse1 fancy that when1 like a galley slave chained to his oar1 he stands tied to his manger1 he is in a prison1 from which it would be an act of humanity to liberate him2 and accordingly1 if the animal has faithfully served them for many years1 they feel disposed to reward him1 as the great ,duke of ,wellington rewarded his gallant war-horse ,copenhagen1 by turning him out for the rest of his life4 ,these notions1 however1 are perfectly erroneous4 ,a horse not only loves his stable1 he not only never wishes to leave it1 but whenever he is taken out of it1 although he may have been confined in it for many months1 he no sooner gets out of the door than he evinces a desire to re-enter it4 ,every horseman1 every coachman knows and feels that the difference between riding or driving1 especially a thoroughbred horse from or towards his stable is so great1 that while in the one case it is often necessary to spur or flog him from his home1 the animal invariably pulls hard1 and on any trifling occurrence will start or kick with joy1 all the time he is returning to it2 and his neighs1 responded to by his comrades within1 express1 in horse language1 how pleased he is to get back to them1 and how glad they are to recover him4 ,a horse loves his stable for the same reasons that ought to induce his master to love his home--namely1 because1 in society that pleases him1 he lives well clothed1 well fed1 and well housed2 and therefore 7however well intended it may be7 nothing can be more cruel to a faithful animal that has all his life been accustomed to such artificial luxuries1 than to turn or ostracise him into a park so soon as his age and infirmities require for him if possible still greater comforts4 ,it would be thought harsh1 ungenerous1 and unjust1 were a nobleman to reward his old worn out butler1 and bent1 decrepit1 toothless housekeeper1 by consigning them both for the winter of their lives to the parish workhouse1 where1 at no cost to themselves1 they would receive lodging1 firing1 food1 and raiment2 but if1 without a shilling in their pockets1 and without a rag on their backs1 his ,lordship were to turn the poor old couple adrift in the back-woods of ,north ,america1 he would confer upon them1 in return for their services1 exactly the same sort of reward which is conferred upon an old worn out horse when1 suddenly deprived of the oats1 beans1 hay1 bed1 clothing1 warm stable1 and companions he has been accustomed to1 he is all of a sudden1 as a reward in full for all the work he has performed1 turned out for the rest of his life4 ,the extraordinary attachment of a horse to his stable1 especially if it contains many comrades1 may be exemplified by the following anecdote3-- ,some years ago a brown thorough-bred mare became gradually afflicted by a spavin on each hind leg1 which1 on due consultation1 were declared to be incurable except by firing4 ,to undergo this painful prescription she was led from a stable where she had been residing by herself to the cavalry barracks at ,hounslow1 about a mile off1 where she was placed in a stable full of horses for a day or two to undergo a preparatory dose of physic4 ,by men and ropes she was then cast1 fired1 and in the course of two or three days1 as soon as she could bear moving1 she was slowly led back to her master1 who1 with kind intentions1 turned her into a small field of nice1 cool1 luxuriant grass1 about one hundred yards beyond his house4 ,after eating a few mouthfuls the poor animal raised her head1 snorted1 looked first on one side1 then on the other1 snorted again1 stretched out her tail1 trotted up to a stiff post and rail fence1 which she cleared1 and then passing unnoticed the loose box in which for many months she had lived1 forgetting and forgiving all the sufferings that had been inflicted upon her1 with raw1 bleeding legs1 she galloped along the hard macadamised road to the cavalry stable1 to re-enjoy the society of the dozen horses which only for a few days she had had the happiness of associating with4 ,in constructing a stable the main object should be to secure to the lungs of the horse pure air1 and to prevent the hay in the loft above him from being impaired by foul air4,f ,by a simple shaft or chimney1 and by other well-known modes of ventilation1 both these advantages can be obtained2 and yet they are1 comparatively speaking1 of no avail1 if beneath the straw bed on which the horse lies there exists a substratum generating and emitting gases of a highly deleterious composition4 ,a stable may be well ventilated and well drained1 the forage may be of the best description1 and yet all may be impaired by an atmosphere unfit for respiration2 for if foul litter beneath be only covered1 as is often1 and in many stables is usually the case1 by a layer of white straw1 7like a dirty shirt under a suit of fine new clothing71 distemper and disease must be the result4 ,although therefore it should be the secondary duty of a good groom to clean his horse1 his primary duty is to clean his stable2 for as1 in a fast and long run across a deep country1 it is undeniable that the healthiest lungs must triumph1 it follows that a clean horse out of a dirty stable cannot live with a dirty one of exactly the same character and cast out of a clean stable4 ,but as it is always easier to preach wisdom than to practise it1 so is it infinitely easier to prescribe clean litter than to maintain it4 ,indeed1 it is almost impossible to keep straw under a horse perfectly pure2 and accordingly1 throughout the ,united ,states of ,america1 and even in ,new ,york1 horses are often made to lie on bare boards1 on which they appear to sleep just as soundly as in a state of nature they would sleep on ground baked hard by the sun4 ,on this fact being privately whispered by us to the authorities at the ,horse ,guards1 it was at once repudiated by the assertion that it would ruin ,english cavalry horses were they to be made to sleep without litter on hard boards2 and yet all the soldiers of ,europe1 cavalry as well as infantry1 in their guard rooms sleep and snore on wooden beds1 probably a good deal sounder than do their respective sovereigns on bedding composed of wool1 hair1 down1 feathers1 fine linen1 blankets1 and counterpanes4 ,canst thou1 ,o partial ,sleep6 give thy repose ,to the wet sea-boy in an hour so rude2 ,and1 in the calmest and most stillest night1 ,with all appliances and means to boot1 ,deny it to a king8--,henry ,,iv4 ,another disadvantage of straw-litter is that horses with a voracious appetite are sometimes prone to eat it1 whether it be clean or dirty4 ,to prevent them from thus distending as well as injuring their stomachs1 it is usual to inflict upon them a muzzle1 which1 by impeding respiration1 is more or less injurious to the lungs4 ,a better and indeed an effectual mode of prevention is to substitute for straw1 wooden shavings1 which form a cheap1 wholesome1 clean1 and comfortable bed4 ,footnote ,f3 ,youatt1 in his valuable work entitled ,the ,horse1 truly says that changes from cold to heated foul air are as dangerous to the animal as from heat to cold4 ,on ,shoeing4 ,as a railway carriage is constructed on springs to soften all ordinary jolts1 and with buffers to alleviate any violent concussion2--as the human mind is gifted with a buoyancy which enables it cheerfully to meet any trifling vexation1 and with sentiments of religion which maintain its serenity under the severest afflictions1 so do the pastern above a horse's foot and the frog beneath it protect the body of the animal from the continual slight concussions and occasional severe ones to which1 in ordinary and extraordinary exertions1 it is liable to be subjected4 ,the pastern1 like the instep of those ,spanish women whose heels in walking scarcely touch the ground1 gives grace and elasticity to every step2 indeed1 in the walk1 trot1 canter1 and gallop of a horse we clearly see the spring of his pasterns softening the movements of their own creation4 ,but while the career of the body is thus rendered safe and delightful1 the interior mechanism of the foot is protected by one of those simple1 beautiful1 mechanical arrangements which in every direction demonstrate to us the superintending providence of an ,almighty ,power4 ,if the sole1 front1 sides1 and back of a hunter's foot had been created as solid and as inelastic as the gold or silver case of what is called a hunting watch1 the interior of the former1 like that of the latter1 would receive material damage from a heavy blow against the ground4 ,the coating1 however1 of hard horn or armour which shields the front and sides of the sensitive foot from any obstacle in its course1 does not equally extend to that portion of it in the rear1 out of harm's way1 called the heels1 beneath which we find on examination a triangular cushion of an ,indiarubber-like composition1 which1 on concussion1 or even by compression1 acting as a wedge1 forces the heels that contain it1 outwards4 ,by this beautiful arrangement1 when a hunter with his front legs extended1 jumping over a broad fence1 lands on a hard macadamised road upon his two fore-feet1 the heels which receive the greater portion of the concussion are expanded by it in exact proportion to the weight of the bodies of the horse and rider1 and the violence of the blow being thus alleviated1 the sensitive mechanism of the foot is shielded from injury4 ,and yet1 strange to say1 simply by the act of shoeing1 this merciful protection in every country in the world is1 generally speaking1 destroyed6 ,if a mischievous or ignorant clown were to drive a nail through a chronometer1 he would only destroy an insensible and inanimate work of art2 but when a man of wealth1 intelligence1 and science--the proprietor of a valuable horse1 on whose safe going his comfort1 and occasionally his life depends--deliberately nails to the poor creature's living1 expansible feet four obdurate1 inexpansible iron shoes1 he is really guilty of an act of barbarity and barbarism which would scarcely be expected from a savage1 for besides instantly impeding the expansive apparatus of the foot1 he effectually stops its growth4 ,under this treatment the young horse1 by day and by night1 not only lives in shoes which1 though they may not hurt him very much in the stable1 always pinch him in his utmost need1 or rather speed2 but1 like a ,chinese lady1 he outgrows his own feet1 until1 on attaining his full size1 it is discovered that his body1 which1 like that of ,dives1 his master1 has always worn fine clothing1 and has fared sumptuously every day1 has nothing but a set of colt's feet with contracted heels to carry it6 ,to prevent1 or at least to alleviate the sufferings acute and chronic just described1 ,mr4 ,turner1 of ,regent ,street1 introduced the unilateral system of what he called half-nailing1 which consists in affixing the shoe by nails on the outside and round the toe only1 leaving the inner side totally unsecured4 ,by theorists it was1 of course1 asserted that this arrangement would prove to be defective and inefficient4 ,in practice1 however1 not only is the contrary the result1 but1 on nearly thirty years' experience1 we are enabled to maintain the apparent paradox that in riding along or across any and every description of country1 a shoe1 when half-nailed1 is more secure than when wholly nailed2 in fact1 that it is insecure almost in proportion as it is tightly nailed1 and secure in proportion as it is loosely nailed4 ,the reasons are obvious4 ,when a horse is standing still1 or lying fast asleep in his stable1 his shoes are1 of course1 firmer when wholly than when only half-nailed4 ,so soon1 however1 as1 mounted by say a heavy man1 he begins to move1 there commences1 out of sight of every human eye1 a desperate1 and in deep ground a subterranean struggle between the works of ,nature and of ,vulcan the blacksmith1 or1 in plainer words1 between the expansive efforts of the frog and hoof and the arbitrary metallic shoe that is restraining them4 ,at each step the contest is renewed2 and while1 by an acceleration of pace1 its violence is increased1 the domination of the tyrant at every stride is infinitesimally diminished in consequence of the nails1 which have to bear the whole brunt of the battle1 becoming looser and looser1 until1 by a jump on hard ground1 or some other violent concussion1 the expansive power of the foot bursts the impaired fetters that have been restraining it1 and the poor animal1 thus suddenly emancipated from his shoe1 leaves it either buried in mud1 or1 with every nail in its socket1 glittering on the grass behind him4 ,now1 under the system of half-nailing1 the battle we have just very faintly described does not take place4 ,the foot can't struggle against nails which don't exist2 and accordingly1 just as the pliant reed remains erect after the storm that in its immediate neighbourhood has torn up by its roots the sturdy oak1 so does the half-nailed shoe1 by allowing the horse's foot to expand1 perform by gentleness what violence has failed to effect2 and therefore it remains1 throughout a severe run1 hard and fast1 where ,vulcan placed it4 ,the ,greeks and ,romans did not shoe their horses1 but1 for long journeys1 were in the habit of protecting1 by leathern sandals1 strengthened by iron1 and ornamented with silver or gold1 their feet1 to the substance and shape of which they paid great attention4 ,the first thing1 wrote ,xenophon more than #bbjj years ago1 that ought to be looked to in a horse is his foot4 ,for as a house would be of no use1 though all the upper parts of it were beautiful1 if the lower parts of it had not a proper foundation1 so a horse would not be of any use in war if he had tender feet1 even though he should have all other good qualities1 for his good qualities could not be made of any available use4 ,in many parts of the world the horse1 though severely worked1 has never yet been shod4 ,indeed1 in some of the towns in ,south ,america it would still cost more money to shoe a horse than was paid to purchase him4 ,on ,roughing ,horses4 ,although of all axioms no one is more trite and true than that there is a right and a wrong way of doing everything1 yet our readers will hardly be prepared to learn that the ,anglo-,saxon on one side of the ,atlantic roughs his horse in the right way1 and on the other side in the wrong way6 ,in the ,united ,states1 and especially in ,canada1 the surface of which for half a dozen months in every year1 white as a bridal plum-cake1 is composed of snow or ice1 the toe as well as the two heels of each shoe are roughed2 and as1 in consequence thereof1 the horse on every foot stands upon a tripod1 his sinews and muscles not only remain in their proper position all the time he is in a stable1 but while crossing a level country the sole of each foot when it presses the ground is parallel to its surface4 ,in ascending a hill the front cog1 in descending a hill the two hind cogs1 and in traversing a plain the three cogs1 of each shoe catch firm hold of the ground2 and accordingly the horse1 whether in ascent1 descent1 or on level ground1 works in so true a position1 and is so efficiently roughed1 that out of deep snow he can1 at any gradient1 gallop suddenly upon what is called glare ice1 almost as hard as iron1 without the slightest danger to himself or his rider4 ,now1 in ,england1 generally speaking1 horses are most unscientifically roughed on their heels solely1 which not only at once1 even in the stable1 especially when the outside cogs are unequally turned up1 throws the mechanism of their feet and fetlocks out of gear--it not only forces them while travelling on a dead level into a false position1 but1 after all this maltreatment1 the poor animal finds out that he is very inefficiently roughed4 ,for instance1 in descending a hill1 only the cog or cogs of the heels of each foot1 which can never be placed parallel to the ground1 take hold of it4 ,in ascending1 his case is infinitely worse2 for1 as it becomes necessary1 especially when he is drawing a very heavy load1 that he should raise his heels off the road in order to stick into it his toes1 he then discovers that while the hind portion of his shoe which he abstains from using has been roughed for him1 the front part1 which1 for the ascent1 especially requires to be roughed1 has been left untouched4 ,even to gallop a horse1 shod in the ,english fashion1 over level ice1 is exceedingly dangerous2 for although1 so long as by a powerful bit he is forced on his haunches1 the two cogs at the back of each shoe take hold1 yet1 if the poor animal be allowed to drop his head in order to propel himself at his utmost speed by his unroughed toes1 they immediately slip from under him1 and he thus experiences a defect1 which it is astonishing should have been so long perpetrated by a nation who1 at an enormous expenditure of time1 intelligence1 and money1 have succeeded in rearing a breed of horses1 the finest in the world1 coveted by every foreigner1 but which they persist in rudely roughing in the wrong way6 ,saddles4 ,if a saddle does not come down upon the withers and back-bone of a horse1 the closer it approaches them the firmer it fits2 and as1 in the matrimonial alliance which exists between the quadruped and the biped1 whatever is agreeable to the one is usually so to the other1 a roomy saddle1 on which the rider can sit with ease and comfort1 is also beneficial to the horse1 because it spreads the weight he has to carry over a large surface1 and the pressure per square inch being thereby diminished1 a sore back is less likely to be created1 and per contra1 for the very same reason1 the human skin is less likely to be rubbed4 ,less than a century ago it was deemed necessary by hunting men to tie their saddle to their horse's tail by a crupper1 which1 at every jump1 must have compressed the vertebr of the poor animal1 like the joints of a telescope when slightly closed by a jerk4 ,the object of this barbarous apparatus was to prevent the saddle slipping forwards1 whereas1 by the opposite apparatus of the present day1 a breast-plate has been substituted1 to prevent the saddle from slipping backwards4 ,the difference between these two conflicting precautions has been caused by the difference in the breeding1 and consequently in the size of the horse's belly1 which1 in the time of our ancestors1 was lusty1 instead of being--as in the present day1 when many hunters are racers1 and all in high condition--fine and slim4 ,when a horse is exceedingly light in the carcase1 or as it is technically termed tucked up1 it is usual among grooms and riders to girth the poor creature as tightly as they can1 in order1 as much as is possible1 to relieve the breast-plate2 but instead of assisting it1 the grievous mistake first paralyses its action1 and then1 if it be weak1 breaks it1 for the following simple reasons4 ,if a horse1 with a belly tapering like a cone1 be tightly girthed1 his saddle1 whenever it slips backwards 7which it must do in ascending a steep hill or bank71 remains hard and fast on the part of the back to which it has retired1 straining against the breast-plate1 whose straps have not power to make it re-ascend the cone3 whereas if1 on the contrary1 the saddle of a light-carcased horse be unusually loosely girthed1 although in ascending an acclivity the saddle slips backwards until it is retained by the breast-plate1 yet1 the instant the horse either descends a hill1 or gallops upon level ground1 his own action1 combined with the power of the breast-plate straps affixed to the saddle and girths1 put an end to all strain upon the latter1 by drawing the loosely-girthed saddle forwards into its proper position4 ,and it is for this reason that horses of all shapes ought to be girthed less tightly when they carry breast-plates than when they are without them1 and always two holes looser when they are light-carcased than when they are lusty4 ,formerly it was the usual custom in the hunting-field1 as it still is on the road1 to secure the saddle by two narrow girths1 each buckled on either side to one strap4 ,this arrangement has lately been superseded by what are called ,fitzwilliam girths1 composed of one of double breadth with two buckles at each end1 and of a narrow one encircling and secured to the broad one by two loops1 through which it passes4 ,by this admirable alteration perfect safety is obtained2 for1 as the broad girth is secured to four straps1 if1 say one on each side burst at a leap1 the other two remain efficient2 and even if all break1 those of the narrow girth retain the broad one in its place2 while1 on the other hand1 if the straps of the broad girth hold1 the narrow one is prevented by the loops above described from dangling1 in case either of its two buckles should give way4 ,whereas1 by the old arrangement1 if out of four straps any one burst at a leap1 its girth instantly dangled1 leaving the safety1 and possibly the life of the rider1 to depend on only two straps1 by the rupture of either one of which he would suddenly1 without his knowledge1 be riding1 possibly at a large fence1 without any girths at all4 ,but1 although hunting men have gained a step or stride by this new fashioned girth1 they have lately1 as if to balance the account1 retrograded to the wisdom of their ancestors by discarding the modern stuffed saddle-flap in favour of that ancient hard one which for many years has been used only by postilions4 ,for ordinary riding1 and especially for ordinary riders1 a quantity of stuffing in the form of a sausage1 in front of their shins1 no doubt retains them in their seat4 ,in hunting1 however1 this retention has for many years been producing strains of the large muscles of the thigh1 which1 although of common occurrence1 none of the sufferers could very clearly account for4 ,on reflection1 the cause is obvious4 ,in riding over a large fence1 or in any sudden blunder the horse may commit1 the rider1 without losing his seat1 is liable to be thrown1 body and bones1 forward two or three inches1 and accordingly on the plain flat hard flap he glides onwards without inconvenience or injury to the exact extent required4 ,but when1 instead of being able to do so1 his knees and shins are suddenly arrested by the stuffing immediately in front of them1 the momentum of his body causes it to bend forwards on the pivot formed by his knees1 on the same principle as a cart-load of earth propelled along a new railway embankment is chucked over its extremity on being suddenly stopped by a log of timber placed there transversely for that very object2 and accordingly1 the great muscles of the thigh which have to sustain this conflict between the moveable and immoveable parts of one frame are often so severely strained1 that they require1 for many months1 to be bandaged by a leathern strap4 ,the plain flap is considerably lighter than the stuffed one4 ,it is a sovereign cheaper2 in case it gets into a brook it dries easier2 and after all1 it is infinitely more agreeable to ride on4 ,for all these good reasons1 in ,leicestershire1 ,northamptonshire1 and ,lincolnshire1 which may be termed the region in ,england of large fences1 it has been generally adopted4 ,however1 as ,peter in his ',letters to his ,kinsfolk' truly observed that although the mail ran from ,london to ,edinburgh in forty-eight hours1 it required always six months for fashions in dress to travel from the former metropolis to the latter1 so throughout almost all the other counties hunting men continue to sit behind that costly1 ugly1 thigh-straining sausage stuffing which the riders to the ,pytchley1 ,quorn1 and ,cottesmore hounds have so properly discarded4 ,bridles4 ,arrian states that the ,persians1 in battle1 had no bridles1 but governed and guided their horses by nose bands1 covering sharp pieces of iron1 brass1 or ivory4 ,the curb bit1 though used in the time of the ,roman emperors 7in an ancient sculpture ,theodosius is represented riding with one of extraordinary leverage71 was not adopted by the ,english until ,charles ,i4 in the third year of his reign issued a proclamation1 commanding that no person serving in the cavalry should use the snaffle1 but in lieu thereof the curb only4 ,on the frieze of the ,temple of ,minerva1 in the ,acropolis of ,athens1 the horses are represented as ridden 7as in the races through the ,strada ,reale in ,malta they are still ridden7 without bridles or saddles4 ,the best bridle for a horse is1 of course1 that which is best adapted to the particular work he is required to perform4 ,for racing over turf1 where he is required to extend himself like a greyhound1 the snaffle-bit only is almost invariably selected4 ,for cavalry purposes1 where he is required suddenly to throw himself on his haunches1 wheel to either side1 or right about1 the curb-bit is added2 while by the ,turks and those ,asiatics who practise their horses to approach a wall at full speed1 stop1 turn round1 and then gallop back again1 a curb-bit only is used4 ,for hunting1 both bits are necessary2 for while across turf1 light soil1 and over fences of almost every description1 the snaffle is a safer guide than the curb-bit1 yet in going through deep ground the latter is absolutely necessary to enable the rider1 by holding his horse together1 not only to prevent him from extending himself--in which attitude his hind feet would overreach his fore ones before they could be extricated from the sub-soil--but to stop him quickly1 for instance to pop through a gap on either side1 which he would otherwise override for a considerable distance4 ,to leap over the hedge of a plantation full of trees on a hot horse1 with only a snaffle-bit in his mouth1 would be dangerous1 and often impracticable2 whereas it might easily be effected with a curb-bit1 by which the animal could moreover be made to ascend a steep narrow bank1 creep along it1 and then jump off it1 over perhaps the only practicable point in the fence beyond it4 ,the shape1 make1 and leverage of bits of all descriptions of course depend on the mouth and disposition of the particular animal for which they are required4 ,it may1 however1 be generally stated that for all horses a plain snaffle is better than a twisted one2 and that of curb-bits1 those are the best which give to the rider the maximum of mechanical power1 with1 to the noble animal beneath him1 the minimum of pain4 ,to a war horse1 as well as to his rider1 it may be immaterial whether he be infuriated by spurs pricking his sides1 or from the laceration of his mouth by a harsh bit1 purposely constructed to hurt him4 ,as regards a hunter1 however1 the case is quite different2 for while on the one hand his becoming infuriated is dangerous to his master as well as himself1 a total absence of pain induces him to give calm attention to the difficult work he has to perform4 ,although1 therefore1 according to the animal's disposition a sufficient amount of leverage is required1 the smoother the bit is made the more willing will he be to submit to it1 and the less will he be disposed to quarrel with it2 indeed this principle has more than once been exemplified by the fact of a run-away horse1 over which his rider had apparently no control1 stopping gradually of his own accord1 in consequence of the rupture of the curb chain1 which1 having infuriated him by the agony it had inflicted on his lower jaw1 had actually caused the very danger it had been created to prevent4 ,and it is for this reason that a leathern strap ought almost invariably to be placed under the hard twisted curb chain1 by which simple addition acute pain is removed1 without any diminution of strength of the chain or of the leverage of the curb-bit4 ,intrinsic ,value of a ,horse4 ,although it is a common axiom that the value of a thing is exactly what it will fetch1 yet in the hunting field the price at which a horse has been sold is very rarely a criterion of his real worth1 the reason being that his performances are made up of three items1 of which he himself forms only one1 the other two being stable management and good riding1 for neither of which is the quadruped entitled to claim the smallest amount of credit2 and yet1 on the principle that handsome is that handsome does1 it is a usual error1 especially among young sportsmen1 to estimate that a horse which goes brilliantly must be a good one1 and vice vers2 whereas an ordinary description of animal1 in splendid condition1 and judiciously ridden1 cannot fail to leave far behind him a superior one injudiciously ridden1 made up of flesh instead of muscle1 of impure instead of pure blood1 and of bloated1 unpractised1 instead of healthy1 well-exercised lungs4 ,for these reasons it continually happens that a horse that has been observed to go what is called brilliantly throughout a run1 is1 at its conclusion1 sold for a considerable sum1 in addition to another horse1 on which the purchaser1 in a few weeks1 leaves behind him the animal he had sold1 whose owner now to his cost discovers that ,the lovely toy so keenly sought ,has lost its charms by being caught by him4 ,but the price of a hunter is materially affected by the quality as well as the qualifications of his rider1 whose position in the world often confers upon his horses a fictitious value2 and accordingly the hunting stud of the late ,sir ,richard ,sutton--sold by public auction shortly after his death--realised sums exceeding by at least #dj per cent4 what subsequently proved to be their current value when transferred to the stables of people of less renown4 ,again1 a respectable1 first-rate horse dealer succeeds in his profession1 not so much by his superior knowledge of the animals he buys1 but by the quantity and quality of the eloquence he exerts in selling them4 ,every hunter1 therefore1 that is purchased from a great man of this description is necessarily composed of1 #ast1 his intrinsic value2 and #bnd1 of the anecdotes1 smiles1 compliments1 and praises1 which1 although when duly mixed up with an evident carelessness about selling him1 captivated the listener to purchase him1 like a bottle of uncorked ardent spirits evaporate1 or1 like a swarm of bees1 fly away1 almost as soon as the transaction is concluded1 leaving behind them nothing but the animal's intrinsic value4 ,on ,shying4 ,it often happens that a horse brimfull of qualifications of the very best description is most reluctantly sold by his master because he shies so dreadfully1 a frolic which1 to a good rider1 is perfectly harmless1 and which1 if he deems it worth the trouble1 he is almost certain to cure4 ,a timid horseman1 however1 not only believes that his horse is frightened at the little heap of stones at which he shies1 but for this very reason he becomes frightened at it himself2 whereas the truth is that the animal's sensations in passing it are usually compounded as follows3-- ,of fear of the little heap #a_/aj4 whip and spur #i_/aj4 ,now1 if this be the case1 which no one of experience will deny1 it is evident that the simple remedy to be adopted is1 first1 at once to remove the great cause of the evil complained of1 by ceasing to apply either whip or spur2 and1 secondly1 gradually to remove the lesser cause by a little patient management which shall briefly be explained4 ,when a horse has been overloaded with a heavy charge of oats and beans1 which may be termed jumping powder1 and primed by a very short allowance of work1 his spirits1 like the hair trigger of a rifle1 are prepared on the smallest touch to cause a very violent explosion4 ,in fact1 without metaphor1 on the slightest occurrence he is not only ready1 but exceedingly desirous1 to jump for joy4 ,the casus belli which the animal would perhaps most enjoy would be to meet a temperance run-away awning-covered waggon full of stout1 healthy young women in hysterics1 all screaming2 or to have a house fall down just as he was passing it4 ,however1 as a great conqueror1 if he cannot discover a large excuse for invading the territory of his neighbour1 is sure to pick out a very little one1 so does the high mettled horse who has nothing to start at1 proceed under his rider with his eyes searching in all directions for something which he may pretend to be afraid of4 ,influenced by these explosive propensities he cocks his ears at a large leaf which the air had gently roused from its sleep1 as if it were a crouching tiger2 and shortly afterwards a fore leg drops under him as suddenly as if it had been carried away by a cannon shot1 because in the hedge beside him a wren has just hopped from one twig to another nearly an inch4 ,now1 of course1 the effective cure for all these symptoms of exuberant1 pent up spirits is a long1 steady hand-gallop up and down hill across rather deep ground4 ,before1 however1 this opportunity offers1 man can offer to the brute beneath him a more reasonable remedy4 ,the instant that a horse at a walk sees at a short distance before him1 say a heap of stones1 at which he pretends to be or really is afraid1 instead of forcing him on1 he should be allowed or1 if it be necessary1 forced to stop1 not only till he has ceased to fear it1 but until1 dead tired of looking at it1 he averts his eyes elsewhere4 ,while advancing towards it1 so often as his fear1 or pretended fear1 breaks out1 by instantly bringing him to a stand-still it should in like manner be over-appeased4 ,in slowly passing any object which a horse appears to be afraid of1 the error which is almost invariably committed is to turn his head towards it1 in which case1 revolving upon his bit as on a pivot1 the animal turns his hind-quarters from it1 and in that position with great ease shies more or less away from it2 whereas1 if the rein opposite to it be pulled firmly1 he not only instantly ascertains that his rider's desire is in opposition to1 instead of in favour of forcing him towards the object of his fear1 but when his head is drawn away from it1 although he is able to rush forwards1 it is out of his power to shy laterally4 ,now1 instead of endeavouring thus to triumph over instinct by reason1 instead of allowing a horse more time even than he requires to appease his own apprehensions1 be they real or pretended1 the course which a gentleman's groom usually adopts is1 like giving fuel to fire1 to add to the animal's fear of the object he is unwilling to approach1 his infinitely greater fear of a pair of plated spurs4 ,the oftener and the stronger this ignorant prescription is applied1 the more violent becomes the disease it undertakes to alleviate1 until1 on its being declared to be incurable1 the poor frightened animal is sold for a fault almost entirely created by human hands and inhuman heels4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the extent to which a timid animal can be appeased by kindness is1 at the present moment1 beautifully exemplified by a deer1 which has been so divested of its fears by ,tom ,hill1 the huntsman of the ,surrey fox-hounds1 that the animal not only accompanies the hounds when taken out for exercise1 but eats biscuit1 and actually sleeps with them in the kennel4 ,if1 during their meal1 two of the hounds fight1 by a pat with his fore feet he tries to separate them4 ,if1 at exercise1 anything alarms him1 with a bound or two he vaults for safety into the middle of the pack4 ,and yet1 when in this citadel1 if any strange dog approaches them1 with malice prepense he rushes out at him1 as if determined to kill him4 ,in short1 by kind superintendence the deer has become as fond of blood-thirsty hounds as they of him4 ,singeing4 ,as it is incumbent on all civilized communities to be kind to every living being1--as our laws profess to maintain this ,christian axiom1--and as there exists among us a ,society self-constituted for the especial purpose of the ,prevention of ,cruelty to ,animals1 it would be very difficult satisfactorily to explain1 at least to them1 why1 in violation of so benign a theory1 we deliberately practise the following fashions3-- #a4 ,of cutting off all our sheep's tails4 #b4 ,of dittoing the tails of all dogs that take care of sheep4 #c4 ,of dittoing the ears of terriers4 #d4 ,of dittoing a portion of the tails1 and occasionally of the ears1 of our horses4 #e4 ,of piercing with a sharp awl the ears of all our daughters1 in order to insert therein golden rings1 which1 by equalizing all1 can confer no possible benefit on any one3 that is to say1 provided ,euclid is correct in declaring that when equals are added to equals1 their sums are equal4 ,if any person among us defaces a statue1 he is liable to punishment and to the execration of the public2 and yet there can be no doubt that in every sense of the word it is more barbarous to mutilate the living original of an ,almighty ,creator than a cold stone or marble copy thereof1 chiselled more or less imperfectly by human hands4 ,about forty years ago it was the general custom to dock the tails of all hunters1 covert-hacks1 and waggon-horses1 so close1 that nothing remained of this picturesque1 beautiful ornament of ,nature but an ugly1 stiff stump1 very little longer than the human thumb1 which1 especially in summer time1 was seen continually wagging to the right or left1 in impotent attempts to brush off a hungry fly1 biting the skin more than a yard off4 ,at about the same period an officer in our army took to the ,cape of ,good ,hope a gentle1 beautiful1 thoroughbred mare1 which1 to his astonishment1 the natives appeared exceedingly unwilling to approach4 ,the reason was1 that her ears had been cropped2 and as among themselves that punishment was inflicted for crimes1 they were induced to infer that the handsome mutilated animal had suffered from a similar cause--in fact1 that she was vicious4 ,from the same premises1 and by the same reasoning faculties1 they might as erroneously have conceived that the holes bored through most of the ,english ladies' ears denoted the existence of a uniform speck of some sort or other in their characters4 ,having briefly enumerated only a few of the mutilations which1 in different regions of the earth1 man inflicts1 not only upon the animals around him1 but upon himself1 we will proceed to notice a prescription of modern date which has produced very astonishing results4 ,as in crime there exists an essential difference between cutting off a man's head1 and cutting off only his hair1 so in cruelty does there exist a similar difference between the fashion which mutilates the body of an animal1 and that which deprives him only of its covering3 still1 however1 the practice of clipping1 shaving1 and singeing horses must1 to every person1 at first sight appear so incomprehensible that a slight notice of the subject may possibly be deemed worthy of a few minutes' consideration4 ,to a wild horse1 roaming in a state of perfect freedom1 ,nature grants an allowance very similar to that which every inhabitant of ,grosvenor ,square gives to each of his tall powdered footmen3 namely1 board1 lodging1 and two suits of clothing per annum2 with this important difference1 however1 that while the poor pampered1 gaudy menial is ignorantly dressed throughout the whole year in cloth and plush of the same thickness1 the animal is beneficently provided with two different descriptions of clothing1 namely1 a light thin silky coat for summer wear1 and a thick fur one to keep him warm and comfortable throughout the winter months4 ,now it might be expected that if man undertook to interfere with this provision1 he would1 in accordance with the spirit and meaning of the act by which it had been decreed1 extend its principle by relieving the horse of a portion of his covering during the excessive heat of summer1 and by bestowing upon him a little extra warmth in winter2 whereas1 by the operation about to be described1 he makes the animal's cold weather coat infinitely less able to resist cold than that purposely created for sunshine only4 ,about fifty years ago1 during the ,peninsular war1 it was observed that the ,spanish muleteers gave to the animals they had charge of great apparent relief by rudely shearing off the hair that covered their bodies2 and on the idea being imported into ,england1 our hunting men1 principally at ,melton1 commenced the practice by clipping1 at a cost at first of about five guineas1 their hunters4 ,this operation1 which1 in its infancy1 occupied four or five days1 was succeeded by the practice of shaving1 which1 in about as many hours1 left the animal as bare as the hide of a pig that had just been killed1 scalded1 and scraped4 ,this latter operation1 however1 was found to be attended with two opposite disadvantages3 for1 if perpetrated too soon1 it required to be repeated1 or rather to be succeeded by clipping2 and if delayed till the growth of the thick coat had subsided1 the horse remained throughout the winter naked like an elephant4 ,in order therefore to shorten the coat exactly in proportion to its uncertain growth1 it was determined gradually and repeatedly to burn it by fire to the minimum length prescribed1 that is1 leaving only sufficient to conceal the bare skin4 ,when the animal has thus been denuded of his coat1 so long as he remains in his hot stable it is restored to him with compound interest1 by two1 and occasionally by three suits of warm clothing1 which he might expect would1 like that worn by his lord and master1 be increased as soon as he should be led from his covered domicile into the open air4 ,but the contrary operation takes place2 for while his owner is swathing himself in his extra flannel hunting clothing1 the singed quadruped at the same moment1 in order to be taken to the meet1 at one haul is denuded of the whole of his indoor clothing1 a bridle is put into his mouth1 a saddle on his bare back1 and in this state1 literally1 without metaphor1 more naked than he was born1 he is suddenly led or ridden ten or fifteen miles through perhaps wind1 rain1 sleet1 or snow1 to be exposed throughout the whole day to sudden sweats and sudden chills1 in temperatures and at elevations of the most trying description4 ,now1 of course1 in theory1 nothing can be more unnatural1 and it might be added more barbarous1 than this treatment2 and yet1 strange to say1 by acclamation it would be declared by every horse-owner who has tried it that1 in practice1 it produces to the animal not only beneficial1 but unexpected1 results4 ,the lungs appear to become stouter4 ,hot swelled legs suddenly get cool and fine4 ,the appetite grows stronger4 ,the flesh increases4 ,the muscles thicken4 ,in consequence of greatly diminished perspiration the amount of food necessary to recruit the body may be reduced1 at least1 one feed per day4 ,after hunting1 the skin1 instead of breaking out from internal debility and exhaustion1 remains dry4 ,lastly1 as mud and dirt cannot take hold of a singed coat1 and consequently as little or no grooming is required1 the animal1 on reaching his stable1 soon enjoys rest1 instead of being for an hour or two teased1 excited1 and irritated1 by being tied up1 hissed at1 and cleaned4 ,but1 against all these advantages1 it is only fair to weigh the amount of suffering which it is supposed by us a horse endures by being stripped of his coat and clothing1 and in that naked state being suddenly plunged1 during winter1 into the external air4 ,in ascertaining this amount of suffering1 however1 we must not commit the error of estimating a horse's sensation by what1 under similar circumstances1 we imagine would be our own1 for the cases are quite different4 ,throughout the frame or fabric of man1 his blood1 however proud it may be1 circulates so feebly1 that on being subjected to a low temperature it actually1 like fluid in a pipe1 freezes in his veins2 whereas throughout the body of a horse it is propelled with such violence1 that1 like the deep water in the ,canada lakes1 it is beyond the power of cold1 however intense1 to stop it2 and accordingly1 when everything else around stands frozen1 it triumphantly continues its fluent course4 ,in fact1 the relative power of the two animals to resist cold is fully proportionate to the difference between their muscular strength2 and as the human being1 notwithstanding its weakness1 is strong enough to endure the sudden transition from a hot bath to a cold one1 or1 as is the custom in ,russia1 to a roll on the snow1 so1 fortiori1 is a hunter gifted by ,nature with a circulation of blood powerful enough to enable him1 without injury or suffering1 to bear an apparently unnatural mode of treatment1 which1 although it makes us almost shiver to think of1 is productive to his stouter frame of beneficial results1 of inestimable value4 ,meet of the ,pytchley ,hounds at ,arthingworth4 ,among hunting men there is nothing so unpopular as what is called by the rest of the world a most beautiful1 clear1 bright day4 ,the gaudy thing is disagreeable to eyes because it is dangerous to the bodies to which they respectively belong2 for when every twig glitters in the sunshine1 and every drop of dew that hangs upon them looks like a diamond1 the fences so dazzle the eyes of riders1 and especially of horses1 that a number of extra falls are very commonly the result4 ,soft ground1 dull weather1 an easterly wind1 and a cloudy sky1 form the compound that is most approved of4 ,on such a day1 and under such circumstances1 we beg leave to invite our readers to sit with us patiently for a very few minutes in a balloon1 as1 like a hawk hovering above a partridge1 it hangs over the quiet little village of ,arthingworth1 in ,northamptonshire4 ,those hounds1 headed by that whipper-in riding so lightly and neatly on his horse1 and surrounding their huntsman ,charles ,payne1 jogging along1 seated in his saddle as if he had grown there1 are on that portion of the ,queen's highway which connects ,northampton with ,market ,harborough4 ,they are the ,pytchley hounds1 the hereditary property1 not of the present master1 but of the hunt4 ,they are on their way from their kennel at ,brixworth to a park at ,arthingworth to draw ,waterloo ,gorse1 which means that every man who intends to come 7and their name is legion7 will send there1 not his best-looking1 but1 what is infinitely better1 that which he knows to be his best horse1 simply because the covert of ,waterloo not only usually holds a good fox1 but because it is encircled by very large grass-fields1 enlivened in every direction by the severest fences in ,northamptonshire4 ,see how quietly along every high-road1 bye-road1 and footpath1 horses and riders1 of various sizes and sorts1 walking1 jogging1 or gently trotting1 are converging towards a central point6 ,schoolboys are coming to see the start on ponies2 farmers on clever nags2 others on young horses of great price2 neatly-dressed grooms1 some heavy and some light1 are riding1 or riding and leading1 horses magnificent in shape and breeding1 in the most beautiful condition1 all as clean and well-appointed as if they had been prepared to do miserable penance in ,rotten ,row4 ,and are all these noble and ignoble animals beneath us going to the hunt8 ,yes1 and many more that we cannot see4 ,look at those straight streams of white steam that through green fields are concentrating from north1 south1 east1 and west upon ,market ,harborough1 from ,leicester1 from ,northampton1 from ,stamford1 and from ,rugby--denoting trains that1 at the rate of thirty or forty miles an hour1 are hurrying boxes all containing hunters for the meet4 ,on the huntsman and hounds slowly entering and taking up their positions in the small park at ,arthingworth1 excepting two or three farmers1 no one is there to receive or notice them4 ,however1 in a few minutes1 through large gates and through smaller ones1 grooms on and with their horses walk steadily in2 while ,charles ,payne1 occasionally chucking from his coat-pocket a few crumbs of bread to his hounds1 most of whom are looking upwards at him1 leaning over his horse1 is holding confidential conversation with a keeper4 ,it's too bad6 whispers an old farmer1 who had just been entrusted with the secret that another fox had last night been shot by poachers2 and1 what's more1 it's been a-going on ,,in ,,many ,,ways a long time4 ,yes6 replies ,charles ,payne1 looking as calmly and philosophically as ,hamlet when he was moralising over ,yorick's skull2 you may rely upon it that1 what with greyhounds1--and poachers1--and traps1--and poison1--there are very few foxes now-a-days that die a natural death--meaning that they were not eaten up alive by the ,pytchley hounds4 ,but during all this precious time where are all the scarlet coats8 ,oh6 here they come1 trotting1 riding1 and galloping to the meet from every point of the compass1 and apparently from every region of the habitable globe1 some of the young ones--diverging as usual from their path of rectitude--to lark over a fence or two4 ,along the turnpike and country roads1 drags with four horses1 light dog-carts with two1 post-chaises and gigs1 each laden with men muffled up in heavy clothing1 showing no pink1 save a little bit peeping out at the collar1 are all hurrying onwards to the same goal2 and as these living bundles1 with cigars in their mouths1 are rapidly landing in the park1 it will be advisable that we also should descend there to observe them4 ,by about a quarter before eleven the grass in front of the hospitable hunting-box of one of the late masters of the ,pytchley--who1 take him all in all1 is one of the very best riders in the hunt--becomes as crowded as a fair with sportsmen of all classes1 from the highest rank in the peerage down to--not exactly those who rent a #fl4 house1--but who can afford money and time enough to hoont1 as they call it4 ,while two or three well-appointed servants in livery are very quietly1 from a large barrel1 handing glasses of bright-looking ale to any farmer or groom who1 after his long ride1 may happen to feel a little thirsty1 and while others from white wicker-baskets are distributing bits of bread and lumps of cheese to any man who may feel that beneath his waistcoat there is house-room to receive them1 the honourable and gallant proprietor of the brown barrel and white baskets1 lounging in his red coat1 c41 on his exalted lawn1 with sundry small scratches 7from bull-finches7 on his face1 with something now and then smoking a little from his mouth1 and with that placid and easy manner which in every situation of life distinguishes him1 says to any friend in pink that happens to pass him1 ,won't ye go ,,in for a moment8 ,but1 without invitation1 most of the aristocrats1 leaving their horses with their grooms1 to ascend a flight of ladder steps which raises them to the lawn1 walk slowly and majestically across it1 adjusting their hair1 just to make their bow4 ,when that compliment has been paid1 they pause for a second or two in the hall1 and then recross the lawn1 indolently munching1 and with perfumed handkerchiefs carefully wiping lips or mustachios 7as the case may be71 which1 if they were very closely approached1 might possibly smell partly of cherries1 to proceed to their respective grooms1 and mount their horses4 ,move-,,on1-,sir8 says ,charles ,payne1 in his sharp1 quick tone1 touching his cap to the master1 who slightly nods to him4 ,now-then1-gentlemen6 he adds1 ware ,,hounds1 if you please6 and accordingly1 surrounded by them1 onwards he1 his two whips1 and about two hundred horsemen1 proceed at a walk to cross for nearly half a mile magnificent fields of grass of from eighty to a hundred acres4 ,as the ,pytchley and ,quorn men are1 for the reasons we have explained1 each mounted on the very best of their stud1 it need hardly be stated that the lot of horses before us are an accumulation of the finest specimens in the world2 and yet with the highest breeding1 courage1 and condition1 with magnificent figures1 and with bone and substance sufficient to carry1 through deep ground1 from twelve to eighteen stone1 there is a calm1 unassuming demeanour in their walk1 which it seems almost impossible sufficiently to admire4 ,in like manner1 among the riders1 nobody appears to have the smallest disposition to talk about what he is going to do1 or apparently even to think of where he is proceeding4 ,a man from ,warwickshire will perhaps describe the run he had there on ,thursday2 while another will fashionably say to a ,leicestershire friend--,did you do anything on ,friday8--but most of the field are conversing as they ride along1 not at all about foxes1 but about ,lords ,palmerston1 ,derby1 ,italy1 the ,pope1 c4 ,on arriving close to ,waterloo ,gorse1 ,charles ,payne pulls up to remain stationary for a couple of minutes1 surrounded by his hounds1 who1 instead of gazing at his face1 are all looking most eagerly at the covert1 until the two whips1 getting round it1 have each taken up a position on the other side4 ,now-then-little-bitches6 says ,charles1 as1 with a twitch corresponding with his voice1 he waves forwards his right hand1 in which is grasped the silver horn presented to him by the farmers4 ,without taking the smallest offence at the appellation 7which after all is a just one1 for1 as they are the fastest of his two packs1 ,charles does not object to bringing them to ,waterloo71 in they dash2 and in a second ,charles and his horse are over the low flight of rails1 to gallop along a briary path which conducts them to a small open space in the centre of the covert4 ,the greater portion of the field1 in coats of many colours1 congregate on its right4 ,but quanto sono insensibili questi ,inglesi6 ,instead of evincing the smallest degree of anxiety1 the conversations we have described are renewed2 and though certainly nobody seems to care the hundred-thousandth part of a farthing about what his lips are saying1 and though the countenance of every man appears to acknowledge that1 on the whole1 he is well enough satisfied with this world1 yet men and horses remain perfectly cool1 and occasionally cold1 until it might be fancied by any old soldier standing a mile off that a shell had suddenly burst in the middle of them4 ,pray1 don't holla6 exclaims an old sportsman in a loud whisper4 ,by ,jove1 ,he's ,away6 screams a very young one in pink1 pointing to a shepherd who1 grasping a struggling dog with one hand1 is holding up his hat with the other4 ,half a dozen loud1 slow1 decisive1 monotonous blasts from ,charles ,payne's horn are instantly heard1 while his hounds1 tumbling over each other1 jump almost together over a small hedge and ditch out of the covert1 with their beautiful heads all pointing towards ,leicestershire4 ,as they and reynard take the opposite side of the large grass field in which the riders had assembled1 the start of the latter is very nearly as sudden as that of the former4 ,packed together almost as closely as the wild young creatures that on ,epsom course run for the ,derby1 the best men and the best horses belonging to the ,pytchley1 ,quorn1 ,cottesmore1 and ,warwickshire hounds start together over turf down a gentle declivity1 at the bottom of which runs an insignificant stream4 ,steady horsemanship in every rider is necessary to prevent treading on those immediately before1 or jostling those on each side4 ,many a horse1 by shaking his head1 clearly enough shows how unwelcome to him is the restraint4 ,from this conglomeration nearly a dozen men extricate themselves by the superior speed and management of their horses4 ,before them,g is a well-known broad and strong fence1 which1 without competing against each other1 they most gallantly charge1 magn comitante caterv1 followed by the great ruck4 ,one1--two1--three1--four1--five1--six men and horses take it almost together in their stride1 and1 to the astonishment of the remainder1 all disappear6 ,every horse had well cleared the broad ditch on the other side1 but all nearly simultaneously had landed in an artificial bog beyond it1 made for draining purposes only a few days before1 and in which the six men and the six horses1 each perfectly unhurt1 are now as prostrate and as comfortable as if they had1 to use the old nurse's expression1 just been put to bed4 ,the ,hon4 ,fred4 ,villiers and ,harry ,everard are the first over and down4 ,as they lie together in the mud1 looking upwards1 they see coming over the stakes of the hedge the ,fitzwilliam girths of the horses of ,henry ,forrester and ,thomas ,atkinson 7,vive ,l',empereur671 followed almost instantly by two strangers4 ,however1 nearly as quickly as they all fell1 they severally arise1 mount their horses1 and gallantly regain the hounds4 ,the field of riders1 unable to comprehend what has happened1 and moreover unable as well as unwilling to stop their horses1 as it were by word of command1 all gracefully swerve together in a curve to the right to take two stiff fences instead of one4 ,about half a dozen1 on perfect timber-jumpers1 cross a ditch overhung by a stout ash rail1 firmly fixed between two trees2 the remainder break their way through a bull-finch1 and then1 throwing their right shoulders forward1 at a very honest pace1 all make every proper effort to catch ,charles ,payne and the few others who with him had followed the line of the hounds4 ,we should certainly tire and jolt our readers very grievously were we to presume to hustle them through the well-known and splendid run that ensued4 ,not only1 however1 do our limits forbid us to do so1 but as we shall shortly have to quote hunting-anecdotes from a very superior pen1 we willingly pull up to make1 in cool blood instead of in hot1 a very few remarks4 ,footnote ,g3 ,this scene we happened to witness4 ,effects ,caused by the ,sight of ,hounds4 ,a description of a fox-hunt is not very agreeable either to read or to write1--firstly1 because it records a series of events of no very great importance when they are over2 and secondly1 because the picture generally bears the appearance of exaggeration2 the reason being1 that it is composed of two parts1 one of which it is almost impossible accurately to delineate4 ,the danger or difficulty which a man and horse incur in taking any particular leap depends on the one hand upon the size of the fence1 and on the other upon the combined amount of weight1 strength1 and activity which the horse can bring up to it4 ,in trade1 if a given weight1 whether small or great1 be put into one scale1 it can be at once over-balanced by putting a still greater weight into the other scale4 ,but while the dimensions of a fence can accurately be measured1 it would be not only very difficult to determine the physical powers of a hunter1 but1 even if the statement could be made1 ninety-nine people out of every hundred would most certainly disbelieve it2 for1 as the old proverb says1 seeing is believing2 so when a man has ridden a horse across his farm for many years1 he is fully persuaded that1--to use another common expression1--he knows what he is made of4 ,but the truth is1 he only knows what he has done1 and what he can do under the maximum of excitement he hitherto has ever experienced2 what he does not know1 and indeed what without trial he can have no idea of1 is the enormous amount of latent physical power in his horse which even the sight of hounds will develop4 ,for instance1 in riding a hack along the road1 the confidence or1 as it may be termed1 the courage of the rider depends not on himself1 but on the strength and action of the animal he is bestriding4 ,if the nag picks up his feet quickly1 and pops them down firmly--if he goes stout in his canter and strong in his gallop1 his owner rides boldly4 ,if1 however1 the very same hero crosses a poor1 weak1 weedy animal1 with strait action1 tripping in all his paces1 and with his toes sending almost every loose stone rolling on before him1 he declares the instant he dismounts that he has been frightened2 which difference1 in truth1 only means that1 on trial1 he has satisfactorily and unsatisfactorily ascertained the physical powers of the first horse to be amply sufficient1 and those of the last totally insufficient1 to perform the given amount of work he requires4 ,now it is really no exaggeration to say1 that the excitement to a horse caused by the presence of hounds creates in his physical powers as wide a difference as exists between those of the two nags just described4 ,the old1 jaded1 worn-out1 groggy hunter1 who came hobbling out of his stable1 and who has been fumbling and blundering under his groom along the road1 no sooner reaches the covert side than1 like a lion shaking the dew-drops from his shaggy mane1 he in a moment casts away the ills which flesh is heir to--in short1 his prostrated powers suddenly revive2 and accordingly it is on record1 that in one of the severest runs with stag-hounds ever known in ,essex1 the leading horse was aged1 twenty-two4 ,again1 on the road1 when a horse has travelled thirty or forty miles1 he usually becomes more or less tired2 whereas1 during the ten or twelve hours that a hunter is out of his stable1 he will1 with the utmost cheerfulness1 besides trotting more than that distance on the road1 follow the hounds for many hours across a heavy country and large fences2 and as it is well known that1 in harness1 a horse is less fatigued by trotting before a carriage on a hard macadamized road for forty miles than in dragging it through an earth road for ten1 it would appear almost fabulous to state how many miles on the road1 or especially on dry turf1 could be performed by the amount of excitement1 activity1 and strength expended by a hunter during a long and severe day's work4 ,for the foregoing reasons1 if a man during summer rides his hunters1 he will see a variety of fences which1 as he quietly ruminates1 he will pronounce to himself to be impracticable1 simply because he can both see and feel that they are greater than the powers he is bestriding2 and yet1 when the trees are leafless and the hounds running1 if he happens on the same horse to come to these very fences1 he crosses them without the smallest thought or difficulty--not because he is excited 7for the cooler he rides the better he will go71 but because1 while the height and breadth of each fence have not since he last saw them increased1 the physical powers of his horse1 developed by hunting1 have been1 to say the least1 doubled4 ,the scales which in summer had turned against him now preponderate in his favour2 and accordingly ,prudence1 who but a few months before1 with uplifted hand1 had sternly warned him to beware6 with smiling face and joyous aspect now beckons to him to ,come on6 ,the feats which the mere skin and bones of a horse can perform during hunting are surprising4 ,the comparatively small shin-bone of his hind legs will1 without receiving the smallest blemish1 smash any ordinary description of dry oak or elm-rail1 and occasionally shiver the top of a five-barred gate1 and yet1 strange to say1 though the frail bone so often fractures the timber1 the timber is never able to fracture the frail bone1 which1 generally speaking1 receives not the smallest injury from the conflict4 ,again1 when even a singed horse at great speed has forced his way through a high1 strong1 spiteful-looking thorn-hedge1 frightening almost into hysterics the poor little bull-finch that is sitting there1 he almost invariably passes through the ordeal with his skin perfectly uncut1 and often not even scratched6--nay1 a horse going at great speed may be thrown head over heels by a wire fence without receiving from it the smallest blemish6 ,the trifling facts we have just stated will1 we believe1 not only explain the courage and physical powers of a hunter1 but the difficulty of describing to non-hunting readers1 without an appearance of exaggeration1 the feats which1 during a run1 he can without danger or difficulty perform2 for1 instead of boasting about a large fence1 it is an indisputable fact that it is infinitely safer for the horse1 and consequently for his rider1 than a little one1 at which almost all their worst accidents occur3 indeed when a liberal landlord1 for the benefit of his tenants1 cuts through their fields a series of narrow deep drains1 to be loosely filled up with earth1 it is good-humouredly said by hunting men1 that he is collar-boning them6 ,and now it is an extraordinary truth that the excitement which the horse feels in simply witnessing the chase of one set of animals after another1 seems to pervade every living creature on the surface of the globe4 ,in savage life1 the whole object1 occupation1 and enjoyment of man1 whenever he is not engaged in war1 consists in catching and killing almost any of the creatures that inhabit the wilderness through which he roams4 ,in a drop of putrid water a microscope informs us that animalcules of all shapes and sizes1 with the same malice prepense1 are hunting and slaying each other4 ,the #fjj boys at ,eton1 if collected together1 would resolve readily among themselves to receive with decorum1 and no doubt with youthful dignity1 any great personages about to honour them with a visit2 and yet1 while the grand procession was approaching them1 or even just after it had arrived1 if a rat were to run about among them1 all their good intentions in one moment would be destroyed4 ,during the grand reviews in ,france of the ,allied armies under the command of ,wellington1 although the ,british troops had behaved steadily enough at ,waterloo1 it was found that the presence and authority of the ,iron ,duke were utterly unable to keep them immoveable as soon as the hares began to jump up among them4 ,nay1 at ,inkerman1 while the battle was raging1 several men of the ,guards were observed by their officers suddenly to cease firing at the ,russians1 who were close to them1 in order to prog with their bayonets a poor little scared hare that was running among their feet6 ,in like manner1 although the ,anglo-,saxon race are proverbially phlegmatic 7a word described by ,johnson to mean dull2 cold2 frigid71 yet no sooner do they hear1 in the language of ,shakspeare1 ,the musical confusion ,of hounds and echo in conjunction1 than the windows of manufactories are crowded with pale eager faces1 the lanes1 paths1 and fields become dotted with the feet and ankles of people of various classes and ages1 whose eyes are all straining to get a glimpse of the run4 ,if ,dolly be among them1 her cow1 wherever she may be1 is quite as curious as herself4 ,as the fox1 who has distanced his pursuers1 lightly canters along the hedge-side of a large grass field1 the sheep instantly not only congregate to stare at him1 but for a considerable time remain spell-bound1 gazing in the direction of his course4 ,herds of bullocks with noses almost touching the ground1 and with long straight tails slanting upwards1 jump sometimes into the air1 and sometimes sideways1 with joy4 ,as soon as the hounds appear1 the timid sheep instantly follow them1 and accordingly1 almost before the leading rider can make for and get through perhaps the only gap in an impracticable fence1 eighty or a hundred of these muttons1 with fat1 throbbing1 jolting sides1 rush to and block up the little passage1 in and around which they stand1 forming a dense mass of panting wool1 on which no blow from a hunting-whip or from a hedge-stake produces the slightest effect2 and thus the whole field of gentlemen sportsmen1 to their utter disgust1 are completely stopped4 ,i had no idea1 lisps a very young hard-riding dandy1 in as feminine and drawling a voice as he can concoct1 ,i really hadn't the ,,slightest idea1 before1 that sheep were such ---- fools6 ,but their offspring are1 in their generation1 no wiser4 ,a poor little lamb1 almost just born1 the instant it sees the hounds1 will not only leave its mother to follow them1 but under the legs of a crowd of horses--that if they can possibly avoid it will never tread upon it--canters along1 until1 its weak knees and lungs failing1 it reels1 and is left lying on its side1 apparently dead4 ,cruelty of ,hunting ,considered4 ,over the closed eyes1 panting flank1 and exhausted frame of this tiny1 innocent1 and yet seduced orphan1 who had never known its father1 and has just lost its mother1 we will venture to offer to our readers a very few remarks on the strange dissolving view that has just vanished1 or rather galloped1 from their sight4 ,it's just1 said ,andrew ,fairservice to ,frank ,osbaldistone1 amaist as silly as our auld daft laird here and his gomerils o' sons1 wi' his huntsmen and his hounds1 and his hunting cattle and horns1 riding haill days after a bit beast that winna weigh sax punds when they hae catched it4 ,to the foregoing observation it might also have been added1 that in the extraordinary exertions we have described1 the pleasures enjoyed by the bit beast in being hunted1 when compared with those of the two or three hundred animals1 human1 equine1 and canine1 that are hunting him1 are as disproportionate as is his weight when compared to the sum total of theirs4 ,no6 said the haughty ,countess of ---- to an aged huntsman1 who1 cap in hand1 had humbly invited her ladyship to do him the honour to come and see his hounds1 ,no6 ,i dislike everything belonging to hunting--it is so cruel4 ,cruel66 replied the old man1 with apparent astonishment1 why1 my lady1 it can't possibly be ,,cruel1 for1 logically holding up three fingers in succession1 ,we all knows that the ,,gentlemen like it1 ,and we all knows that the ,,hosses like it1 ,and we all knows that the ,,hounds like it1 ,and1 after a long pause1 none on us1 my lady1 can know for certain1 that the ,,foxes don't like it4 ,it may strongly be suspected1 however1 that they do not enjoy being hunted to death1 and consequently that the operation1 whenever and wherever it is performed1 is1 to a certain degree1 an act of cruelty2 which it is only hypocritical to vindicate by pretending to argue that ,puggy has been sentenced to death to expiate his sins2 for if1 instead of robbing a hen roost1 it had been his habit to come in all weathers secretly to sit on its nests to help and hatch the chickens1 ,the ,times newspaper would have advertised hunting appointments which would have been as numerously attended1--the hounds would have thrown off with the same punctuality1--and men and horses would have ridden just as eagerly and as gallantly to be in at the death of the saint as of a sinner1 whose destruction all barn-door fowls1 geese1 turkeys1 pheasants1 and rabbits in his neighbourhood would certainly not be disposed to regret4 ,as regards1 however1 the hunted animal1 as well as the creatures that hunt him1 we will observe that the sufferings of a fox that is eaten up by hounds are probably not much greater and possibly a little less than those of the poor worm that on our hook catches the fish1--of the fish that catches the worm1--of the live eels that we skin1--or of the sheep and bullocks that are every day in thousands driven foot-sore to our slaughter-houses4 ,if our ,arthingworth fox had taken in ,the ,times1 the ,waterloo covert1 after all the preparations we have described1 would most certainly have been drawn blank4 ,but while undertakers in scarlet1 in black1 and in brown coats1 were expending many thousand pounds in preparations for his funeral1 he1 totally unconscious of them1 was creeping within it1 in the rude health and perfect happiness he had enjoyed in ,leicestershire1 his native county4 ,all of a sudden he hears disagreeable sounds1 and encounters unpleasant smells1 that sentence him without delay to return to the place from whence he came4 ,with elastic limbs1 and a stout heart to propel them1 away he starts4 ,everything he does evinces extraordinary resolution1 determination1 and courage4 ,while the high-bred hounds that are following him over-top every hedge1 he dashes through their boughs1 thorns1 and briars1 as straight as an arrow from a bow4 ,when1 on reaching the earth he has been making for1 he finds that it is stopped1 instead of weakly dwelling there1 away he again starts for some other cunning hidingplace4 ,as he proceeds1 his wind1 but not his courage1 fails him1 until1 on the pack approaching him1 though any one of them would have yelped piteously had but one of his toes been caught in a trap1 yet1 so soon as the leading hound comes up1 he pitches into him1 and when the infuriated pack rush in upon him1 he invariably dies in the midst of them1 without the utterance of the smallest moan1 sigh1 or sound4 ,in fact1 within the breasts of all who have pursued him there does not exist a braver heart than that over which the huntsman1 cracking his whip to keep the hounds at bay from it1 is triumphantly crying ,whoo-oop6,h ,the ,lamb and the ,fox4 ,but the plot of our drama thickens4 ,for on the green carpet of our little theatre1 on which so many actors have been performing1 there now lie tragically before us1 as it were side by side1 the body of a swooned lamb1 and the carcase of a dead fox4 ,let us therefore for a moment place each into one of the scales of ,justice1 to weigh the relative specific gravities of these two tiny emblems--the one of innocence1 the other of guilt--as regards their utility to man4 ,when a lamb has been nursed1 reared1 fattened1 and killed1 its quarters afford say four good dinners1 or possibly one dish only at four great dinners1 and as soon as1 either above stairs or below1 his bones have been cleanly picked1 the history of his usefulness is at an end4 ,but the benefits which a fox confers upon his country would1 though stewed down for hours1 require very many more dishes to contain them4 ,if an individual migrates in search of happiness1 he not only may travel many a weary mile without attaining it1 but sooner or later1 foot-sore1 leg-wearied1 and dejected1 he will be sure to discover that a very small proportion of the trouble1 time1 and money he has expended would have procured for him at home contentment or peace of mind1 the greatest of all earthly blessings4 ,for truly may it be said1 that there exists nothing in a garden or in a field more easy to cultivate than domestic happiness1 composed1 as we all know1 of innumerable small fibres1 which1 by the laws of ,nature1 taking root in every direction1 attach a man1 like ,gulliver in the island of ,lilliput1 to the ground on which he has happened to take rest4 ,a cynic may sneer at the rich man who1 with his own hands1 and with bent back1 sows flowers to deck his path1 and who plants trees to grace shrubberies to harbour the birds that are to sing to him4 ,he may despise him for delving and digging1 for carpentering1 lathe-turning1 and for other labour which a paid workman could infinitely better perform4 ,but if this labour sweetens the cup of human existence1 by giving that health to the body1 which invigorates the mind for its studies--in short1 if this mixture of physical and mental exertion results in producing contentment1 the labourer1 however high his rank1 without deigning to revile the philosopher1 may justly return thanks to that ,almighty ,power which1 by such simple means1 has enabled him1 by dulcifying his domum1 to produce for himself domestic happiness4 ,as1 however1 what is good for the parts must also be beneficial for the whole1 it must be evident that1 in spite of the sneers of the cynic1 it is equally wise for a people to foster and encourage among themselves any description of healthy recreation or amusement that may have the effect of creating among the community not only a friendly acquaintance with each other1 but an indissoluble attachment to the land they live in4 ,indeed1 if this salutary precaution were to be neglected1 lamentable consequences must ensue2 for1 like two merchants dealing in the same article1 so do ,virtue and ,vice strenuously compete against one another1 by each1 at the same moment1 offering to mankind1 pleasures for sale4 ,the great cities of the ,continent1 especially ,paris1 in this respect possess powerful attractions1 which1 unless they were to be neutralized or rather counteracted by national attachments of still greater power1 would inevitably drain from the ,united ,kingdom1 especially from the country1 a large proportion of those wealthy classes whose presence1 expenditure1 and charity have proved so beneficial to their respective neighbourhoods4 ,in like manner1 as ,nature abhors a vacuum1 so1 if the affluent among the middle and lower classes1 with a little money and leisure on hand1 were to find themselves without some wholesome recreation1 it is proverbial that a certain sable personage1 who delights in idleness1 would very soon1 in his own service and in his own peculiar way1 set them to work4 ,but however wise it may be for an individual within his own precincts to create recreation to suit his particular palate1 it is not so very easy to concoct any amusement that shall be pleasing to the taste of many ranks of the community as well as be generally beneficial to the whole4 ,a public racket-court or fives-court can only contain a very small party4 ,the far-famed national game of cricket 7the stock in trade of which consists of a ball1 some bats1 half-a-dozen stumps1 and eleven players7 is adapted only to that bright1 joyous1 sunshiny half of the year1 which1 with its flowers and fruits1 hardly requires to be enlivened1 leaving the dreary months of winter totally unprovided with amusement4 ,what therefore1 pro bono publico1 we require is to invent1 if possible1 some description of national recreation which1 in all weathers1 shall concentrate in groups over the whole superficies of the kingdom1 people of all conditions1 from the highest ranks down to the lowest1 to join together in a healthy1 manly1 harmless sport1 requiring coolness1 good temper1 science1 and resolution3 and lastly1 which shall manure1 or top-dress1 the entire surface of the country by broad-casting over it1 annually1 a large amount of gold1 silver1 and copper4 ,now the invention of hunting produces all these beneficial results4 ,at the appointed meet1 classes in ordinary life as distinctly separated from each other as the various castes in ,india1 first assemble together1 and then1 during a good run1 are jostled together in lumps1 and by bumps1 which1 by collision1 produce many a spark of generous feeling that1 under ordinary circumstances1 could not possibly have been elicited4 ,for instance1 not very long ago1 during a run in ,leicestershire1 a well-dressed1 good-looking young stranger was seen to pull up1 dismount1 and run to the assistance of an old man lying under a horse that was struggling violently above him4 ,in extricating the prisoner the liberator was repeatedly kicked4 ,however1 although his flesh and coat were cut1 and a silver flask flattened in his breast-pocket1 he resolutely effected his object and then cantered away4 ,who's that8 said a gentleman to a farmer who had gallantly assisted in the extrication4 ,i don't know his name1 was the reply1 but1 whoever he is1 he stuck to him like a ,,right ,,good ',,un6 ,about a month afterwards it transpired that the right good 'un1 who had risked his life to help one he never before saw1 and whom probably he will never see again1 was ,lord ,c41 now ,marquis of ,h41 and heir to the dukedom of ,d4 ,in the hunting field1 unfettered by prescriptive rights or privileges1 the head and heart of man rise or sink to that level1 whatever it may be1 that intrinsically is their due4 ,in short1 irrespective of parentage1 education1 or income1 any rider may assume whatever position he can take1 and1 so long as he leads1 no one can prevent his wearing the honours1 whatever they may be1 of the day4 ,hunting is generally accused of being a very dangerous amusement1 and yet by medical returns it might easily be demonstrated that it is not so injurious to a man's health or so fatal to his life as going to a succession of balls1 or especially of good dinners2 in fact1 there can be no doubt that a ,london season blanches1 per cent4 per annum1 more cheeks1 and requires more physic and more coffins1 than a hunting season4 ,how little danger1 instead of how much1 belongs to hunting1 is daily proved by1 comparatively speaking1 the impunity with which inexperienced people join in the chase4 ,if a crowd of #aej or #bjj persons of all ages and shapes1 none of whom had ever before been in a boat1 were all of a sudden1 say during ,christmas holidays1 to dress themselves like tars1 and then compete with sailors in every sort of weather1 the chances1 or rather the certainty1 would be1 that1 without any disparagement to the art of boating1 at least half of them would be drowned from sheer ignorance and inexperience4 ,again1 if an eccentric gentleman in ,london1 making his coachman stand up behind his carriage1 were to require his footman to drive it1 the vehicle1 before it could reach the ,opera-house1 would probably be either smashed or upset2 and yet1 its fate would not be admitted as proving that it is dangerous to drive4 ,in fact1 it is a common proverb1 that1 in order to be proficient in any trade1 it is necessary to be first duly apprenticed to it4 ,but in the hunting-field no education at all is deemed requisite4 ,and1 accordingly1 so soon as a young man1 gentle or simple 7though oftener simple than gentle71 can get hold of money1 he buys a stud of horses and hacks1 hires grooms1 orders three or four scarlet coats with the appurtenances thereto1 goes to ,melton1 makes his formal appearance at a crack meet1 and his informal disappearance into the first brook1 or on the other side of the first fence he comes to1 and yet1 ,oh6 ,,pray catch that horse if you please6 is usually the only result1 repeated over and over again without injury to anybody4 ,now1 if people who really have never learned to ride1 mounted on young horses who have never learned to hunt1 can thus attempt to follow hounds without damaging much more than their clothes1 it ought to follow that an experienced rider on a clever hunter has1 at all events1 not more danger to apprehend than other people are liable to1 who ride solely on hard roads1 on which a horse is very apt to travel carelessly1 and always falls heavily4 ,will ,williamson1 now upwards of eighty years of age1 who has been huntsman to the ,duke of ,buccleugh for more than fifty years1 and whose worst accident was lately caused by being overturned in a dog-cart1 still follows his hounds2 and1 in like manner1 in every part of the kingdom are to be found old men who1 with very little to complain about1 have been hunting from their boyhood1 and occasionally from their childhood4 ,charles ,payne1 the huntsman of the ,pytchley1 was much damaged by being thrown out of a gig2 while1 a short time ago1 his head whip1 who had fearlessly crossed almost every fence in ,northamptonshire1 dislocated his shoulder by slipping off a little deal table4 ,the gallant master of the ,tedworth hounds was severely injured in his conservatory2 the huntsman of the ,surrey fox-hounds within his house by a fall4 ,lastly1 it may truly be asserted1 that1 in hunting1 more accidents occur from over caution in riders than from a combination of boldness and judgment2 indeed1 if hunters could but speak1 they would often whisper to their riders1 ,if you keep taking such affectionate care of ,,my ,,head1 you'll throw me ,,down4 ,the encouragement given to farmers to breed horses of the best description1 the high prices paid to them for hay1 oats1 beans1 and straw2 the sums of money expended for the purchase or rent of hunting-boxes1 lodgings1 stables1 carriage-houses1 c41 added to a variety of other incidental expenses1 large and small1 amount to a grand total which it would be less easy to underrate than exaggerate4 ,but besides the sums which hunting-men1 by maintaining from eight to fourteen hunters1 with grooms and strappers in proportion1 distribute in their various localities1 in almost every county men of rank and fortune step forward to support1 more or less at their own private cost1 a huntsman1 one or two whips1 hounds1 and a stable full of horses1 for the recreation and amusement of the community4 ,with this generous object in view1 the late ,sir ,richard ,sutton1 for many years1 spent about #aj1jjjl4 a-year in maintaining two packs of hounds and a stud of about fifty horses1 for which he readily paid enormous prices4 ,in any portion of the globe1 except the ,united ,kingdom1 the price of dog-flesh in ,england would appear utterly incomprehensible4 ,in #ahab ,lord ,middleton gave #abjj guineas for the pack he purchased4 ,when ,mr4 ,warde gave up the ,craven country ,mr4 ,horlock paid him #bjjj guineas for his hounds2 while ,lord ,suffield coolly handed over to ,mr4 ,lambton #cjjj guineas for his pack without seeing them4 ,to ,mr4 ,conyers the master of the ,tedworth hounds offered for ,bashful #ajj guineas2 and for another bitch1 called ,careful1 #djj guineas1 or #aj1jhj francs2 a sum which1 in any village in ,france1 would be considered for a peasant girl--though neither bashful nor careful--a splendid marriage portion4 ,before ,sir ,richard's death1 ,lord ,alford1 ,lord ,hopetoun1 ,lord ,southampton1 and1 since his decease1 ,lord ,stamford1 who keeps seventy horses1 have come forward to bestow upon the hunting counties around them the same noble and munificent assistance which1 on a smaller scale1 is as liberally given in many other localities2 and yet1 without one minute item1 the sum total of the enjoyment1 the recreation1 the health1 the good fellowship1 the hard riding1 the enormous sums of money distributed over the ,united ,kingdom to maintain that ancient1 royal1 loyal1 noble1 and national sport which seriatim we have endeavoured to describe would suddenly be annihilated1 were we but to lose that tiny unclean beast1 that dishonest little miscreant that everybody abuses--,the ,fox4 ,ille ,jacet4 ,but the scene suddenly shifts1----a small cracked bell in a violent hurry rings1----the slight shuffling of a few running-away feet is heard1----the green curtain which scarcely half a minute ago had dropped slowly rises1----and in the centre of the little stage there now appears1 reposing by itself1 a white wicker cradle containing a new-born baby1 who will rapidly grow before our readers into a character intimately connected with the sayings and doings1 the scenes and incidents we are endeavouring to describe4 ,footnote ,h3 ,some seasons ago the master of the ,pytchley determined to give to the hounds a fox that had run to ground in a narrow culvert communicating with the ,reservoir at ,maidwell4 ,to prevent the poor animal escaping from his doom1 the hounds were made to surround the mouth of the drain before the order was given to lift up the sluice4 ,on the words being uttered the eyes of all the riders who encircled the pack were1 of course1 concentrated on one point4 ,a slight noise was heard1 some dead sticks appeared1 followed by a violent rush of water1 in the midst of which1 rolled up like an immense hedgehog1 appeared the fox1 who no sooner got into daylight1 than1 before a hound could snap hold of him1 he jumped to the left1 and1 at almost the same instant1 popping through the only little hole in the thick hedge that bounded the drain1 burst away1 distanced the pack of enemies1 quadruped and biped1 that followed him1 and thus escaped a death from which nothing but his extraordinary quickness and determination could have saved him4 ,thomas ,assheton ,smith1 ,born in ,queen ,anne ,street1 ,cavendish ,square1 ,london1 on the #bnd of ,august1 #aggf1 was the grandson of ,thomas ,assheton1 ,esq41 of ,ashley ,hall1 near ,bowden1 in ,cheshire1 who assumed the name of ,smith on the death of his uncle1 ,captain ,william ,smith1 son of the ,right ,honourable ,john ,smith1 ,speaker of the ,house of ,commons in the first two ,parliaments of ,queen ,anne1 and ,chancellor of the ,exchequer in the preceding reign4 ,as ,shakespeare1 in his immortal history of the ,seven ,ages of ,man1 briefly described the first as the infant1 mewling1 c41 in its nurse's arms1 so of the childhood of ,tom ,smith the only occurrence we are enabled to record is that his mother1 one day1 found him lying on his nurse's lap1 gasping like a tench just landed from a pond4 ,what's the matter with the child8 she eagerly inquired4 ,nothin1 replied the calm nurse2 he's doing nicely4 ,as regarded the present tense1 this answer was the truth1 the whole truth1 and nothing but the truth4 ,had1 however1 the question been ,what has been the matter with him8 with the same grammatical accuracy the reply would have been1 ,if you please1 ,ma'am1 he has just thrown up a large pin1 which1 unperceived1 he had managed to swallow4 ,on his reaching the second age of man--that is to say1 when he was but seven years old--he was sent with his satchel and shining morning face to ,eton1 where1 on his arrival1 he found himself the youngest boy in the school4 ,the busy hive of the ,united ,kingdom1 we all know1 is divided into cells1 in each of which1 at this moment1 a raw material is being converted by labour into some particular description of manufactured goods4 ,in one cell1 a ,minister of ,state is concocting1 from crude evidence1 a speech1 a budget1 or a despatch4 ,in another cell1 a young woman1 with a protuberant cushion on her lap1 covered by an intricate pattern1 marked by pins with heads of various colours1 is as indefatigably labouring for the welfare of her country by twirling1 twisting1 and twiddling innumerable bobbins of fine thread into ,honiton lace4 ,in other cells1 workpeople are converting broadcloth into clothes1 leather into shoes1 horse-hair into wigs1 medicine into pills1 lead into bullets1 brass and tin into cannon1 iron into rifles1 alkali and grease into soap4 ,within what is called a scrap-mill1 by the power of steam1 controlled by a single man1 broken bolts1 bars1 nuts1 nails1 screw-pins1 c41 are made to revolve1 until by rumbling1 tumbling1 rubbing1 scrubbing1 bruising1 beating1 hustling1 and jostling each other1 all are turned out clean and bright1 fit to be welded together for any purpose that may be required4 ,at ,eton1 by a similar process1 about #fjj boys of all sizes and shapes--red-haired1 white-haired1 black-haired2 long-legged1 short-legged1 bandy-legged2 splay-footed1 pigeon-toed2 proud1 humble1 noisy1 silent1 good-humoured1 spiteful1 brave1 timid1 pale-faced1 sallow-faced1 freckled and rosy-cheeked1 weak and strong1 clever and stupid1 pliable and pigheaded--yet all controlled by that unwritten1 immutable1 imperishable code of honour which1 like a halo1 has always illuminated their play-ground and their school1 are hustled together on water1 in water1 under water1 and out of water1 until1 when the door of their scrap-mill is opened--although their minds and bodies are as dissimilar as ever--they all turn out polished gentlemen1 prepared to encounter those hardships1 dangers1 vicissitudes1 difficulties1 and1 above all1 base temptations in life1 which high-bred principles are so especially well adapted to resist4 ,for eleven years ,tom ,smith remained at this school1 where he acquired a taste for classical literature1 which characterised him through life4 ,pope1 ,shakespeare1 and ,horace1 from which he used to quote long passages1 were his favourite authors2 he could also1 without pressure1 spout out the whole of the ,epistle of ,eloisa to ,abelard4 ,but what reigned at the back of his head and in the citadel of his heart was an ardent love for athletic exercises of any description1 especially for cricket and boating4 ,he was also1 throughout his whole life1 affectionately attached to fighting2 and ,etonians1 old and young1 to this day1 record1 as one of the severest contests in the history of youthful pugilism1 the desperate battle he fought with ,jack ,musters1 a kindred spirit1 of whom it has been said that he could do seven things--namely1 ride1 fence1 fight1 swim1 shoot1 play at cricket and at tennis--as well as any man in ,europe4 ,his pugilistic propensity1 which appeared so early1 was conspicuous throughout his life4 ,while hunting in ,leicestershire he was prevailed upon to stand for the borough of ,nottingham4 ,on proceeding to the poll1 he found not only the town placarded with ,no foxhunting ,m4,p41 but a guy in a red coat1 tailed by a fox's brush1 burning in effigy of him before the hustings4 ,his appearance there elicited tremendous yells and hootings1 which apparently no authority could subdue1 until1 with a stentorian voice1 heard above the uproar1 ,tom ,smith exclaimed1 ,gentlemen6 as you refuse to hear my political principles1 be so kind as to listen to these few words3 ,i'll fight any man among ye1 little or big1 and will have a round with him now for love6 ,in an instant1 as if by magic1 yells and groans were converted into rounds of cheers1 demonstrating the strange stuff1 be it good1 bad1 or indifferent1 that ,englishmen are made of4 ,on another occasion1 while riding down the ,gallowtree ,gate1 in ,leicester1 he struck the horse of a coal-heaver1 who1 in return1 cut him sharply across the face4 ,smith jumped immediately from his horse1 and the driver from his cart1 the latter doffing his smock-frock1 the former buttoning his coat and turning up his sleeves4 ,the conflict was desperate2 and from a fellow weighing fourteen stone1 and standing six feet high1 he was receiving severe punishment1 when1 by constables and a crowd of people1 the combatants were separated4 ,you shall hear from me again6 said ,smith to his gallant smutty antagonist4 ,true to his word1 the next morning the squire's groom was seen inquiring where the coal-heaver lived4 ,on finding the man1 whose face1 like his master's1 had received some heavy bruises1 he said to him1 ,mr4 ,smith has sent me to give you this sovereign1 and to tell you you're the best man that ever stood before him4 ,god bless his honour6 replied the man1 and thank him a thousand times4 ,when ,tom ,smith was at ,eton1 fighting had not cropped to the surface of a schoolfellow and friend who in after life1 known by the name of ,wellington1 greatly distinguished himself in this world by seeking and by gaining pitched battles4 ,i suppose1 ,smith1 said the old silver-haired ,duke to him1 one day1 in ,london1 you've done now with fighting8 ,oh1 yes1 replied ,smith1 then in his sixtieth year1 ,i've quite given that up2 but---- suddenly correcting himself1 he added1 ,i'll fight yet any man of my age4 ,at ,chapmansford1 when upwards of seventy1 a rough country fellow1 before a large field of sportsmen1 threw a stone at one of the hounds of the old squire1 who instantly struck him with his hunting whip4 ,you daren't do that if you were off your horse1 said the man4 ,the words were hardly out of the clodhopper's mouth when 7in the seventh age of man7 ,smith stood before him1 with a pair of fists clenched in his face1 in so pugilistic an attitude that the fellow took to his heels1 and1 amidst the jeers of his comrades1 ran away4 ,in #agid ,tom ,smith quitted ,eton to become a gentleman commoner at ,christ ,church1 ,oxford1 where1 with great diligence and assiduity1 he hunted regularly in ,oxfordshire and ,northamptonshire1--became a fearless swimmer1--learnt to pull a sturdy oar on the ,isis1--was a good shot and billiard-player1--and excelled as a batsman in the cricket-field on ,cowley ,marsh and ,bullingdon4 ,on leaving the ,university he became a member of the ,marylebone ,club and a regular attendant at ,lord's during the summer2 he was also a member of the ,royal ,yacht ,club4 ,mr4 ,smith's love for science and shipbuilding induced him to build several sailing and steam yachts4 ,he considered himself to be the practical originator of the wave line1 and1 by the advice of the ,duke of ,wellington1 he submitted to the ,first ,lord of the ,admiralty some important hints for improving the construction of gunboats4 ,in autumn1 winter1 and spring1 he instinctively went to the dogs1 or1 as in sporting phraseology it is termed1 took to hunting1 so eagerly1 that in #ahjj1 when only twenty-four years old1 he was signalized in song as a daring rider in that celebrated run from ,billesden ,coplow1 in which but four gentlemen1 with ,jack ,raven the ,whip1 were able to live with the hounds4 ,in #ahjf he succeeded ,lord ,foley at ,quorn1 and for ten years hunted ,leicestershire with first-rate hounds1 for a portion of which he had paid to ,mr4 ,musters #ajjj guineas1 until1 in #ahaf1 he took the place of ,mr4 ,osbaldiston in ,lincolnshire1 where he hunted the ,burton country for eight years4 ,he then1 ceasing for two years to be a master of hounds1 hunted with the ,duke of ,rutland and in the neighbouring counties until #ahbf1 when1 taking up his residence at ,penton ,lodge1 he created for himself a new country between ,andover and ,salisbury4 ,in #ahcj--two years after the death of his father1 from whom he inherited a very large fortune--he removed to ,tedworth1 which he had lately rebuilt with magnificent kennels1 and stables in which every hunter had a loose box4 ,in these stables he had often as many as fifty horses1 all in first-rate condition4 ,for thirty-two years he hunted the ,tedworth country without ever asking for subscriptions of any sort or kind4 ,all he begged of the landowners and of those who hunted with him was to preserve foxes to enable him to kill them4 ,at his meets his friend and guest the late ,duke of ,wellington often attended4 ,in stature ,mr4 ,smith was about #e feet #aj inches high1 athletic1 well-proportioned1 muscular1 but slight4 ,his weight was between eleven and twelve stone4 ,with a highly-intelligent but resolute countenance1 containing 7as was observed of it7 a dash of the bulldog1 he had plain features4 ,that fellow ,jack ,musters1 ,tom ,smith used to say1 spoilt my beauty4 ,for several years1 though his name was seldom found in the debates1 he represented in ,parliament ,carnarvonshire and ,andover2 and in #ahcb1 in consequence of the riots which took place in that year1 he raised1 at his own expense1 a corps of yeomanry cavalry1 reviewed by the ,duke of ,wellington1 the troopers of which were chiefly his own tenants or farmers of the neighbourhood4 ,for upwards of fifty seasons he continued to be the master of hounds1 until1 after having been in his saddle for seventy years1 the boy who in #aghc went to ,eton when he was seven years old1 died at ,vaenol on the #ith of ,september1 #aheh1 aged eighty-two4 ,at the earnest request of his widow1 ,sir ,john ,e4 ,eardley-,wilmot 7assisted by extracts from the ',field' newspaper71 with considerable spirit and ability1 has lately compiled a series of graphic incidents and sketches1 forming altogether a memoir--or1 as he terms them1 ',reminiscences'--of the life of one whom ,napoleon ,i4 addressed as le premier chasseur d',angleterre1 and who was also called by the ,parisians le grand chasseur ,smit4 ,from this volume we shall now submit to our readers a few extracts4 ,lord ,foley1 wrote ',nimrod1' was succeeded in the possession of the ,quorn hounds by that most conspicuous sportsman of modern times1 ,thomas ,assheton ,smith4 ,as combining the character of a skilful sportsman with that of a desperate horseman1 perhaps his parallel is not to be found2 and his name will be handed down to posterity as a specimen of enthusiastic zeal in one individual pursuit1 very rarely equalled4 ,from the first day of the season to the last he was always the same man1 the same desperate fellow over a country1 and unquestionably possessing1 on every occasion and at every hour of the day1 the most bulldog nerve ever exhibited in the saddle4 ,his motto was1 ',i'll be with my hounds2' and all those who have seen him in the field must acknowledge he made no vain boast of his prowess4 ,his falls were countless2 and no wonder1 for he rode at places which he knew no horse could leap over2 but his object was to get1 one way or the other1 into the field with his hounds4 ,as a horseman1 however1 he has ever been super-excellent4 ,he sits in his saddle as if he were part of his horse1 and his seat displays vast power over his frame4 ,in addition to his power his hand is equal to ,chifney's1 and the advantage he experiences from it may be gleaned from the following expression4 ,being seen one day hunting his hounds on ,radical1 always a difficult1 but at that time a more than commonly difficult1 horse to ride1 he was asked by a friend why he did not put a martingale on him1 to give him more power over his mouth4 ',thank ye1' he replied1 'but my left hand shall be my martingale4' ,his fame and success in ,lincolnshire were as great as at ,quorn4 ,the ,melton men followed him1 knowing they were sure of good sport wherever he went1 although scarcely one of them was quite prepared for the formidable drains or dykes in the ,burton ,hunt4 ,shortly after their arrival there1 they found a fox near the kennels that crossed a dyke called the ,tilla4 ,tom ,smith1 the only one who rode at it1 got in1 but over1 leaving behind him fourteen of the ,meltonians floundering in the water at the same time1 which so cooled their ardour that1 excepting ,sir ,h4 ,goodricke1 gallant ,david ,baird1 and one or two others1 they soon returned to ,melton4 ,mr4 ,delm ,ratcliffe1 in his work on the ',noble ,science of ,fox-hunting1' describes ,tom ,smith as follows3-- ,i could nowhere find a more fitting model for the rising generation of sportsmen4444 ,he was an instance of the very rare union of coolness and consummate skill as a huntsman1 combined with the impetuosity of a most desperate rider2 and not only was he the most determined of all riders1 but equally remarkable as a horseman4 ,now ,i am not going to give merely my own opinion of ,mr4 ,thomas ,assheton ,smith1 as a horseman and rider to hounds1 but shall lay before my readers that of all the sporting world1 at least all who have seen him in the field2 which is1 that1 taking him from the first day's hunting of the season to the last1 place him on the best horse in his stable or on the worst1 he is sure to be with his hounds1 and close to them too4 ,in fact1 he has undoubtedly proved himself the best and hardest rider ,england ever saw1 and it would be vain in any man to dispute his title to that character4 ,again1 says ,mr4 ,apperley-- ,let us look at him in his saddle4 ,does he not look like a workman8 ,observe how lightly he sits6 ,no one could suppose him to be a twelve-stone man4 ,and what a firm hand he has on his horses6 ,how well he puts them at their fences1 and what chances he gives them to extricate themselves from any scrape they may have gotten into6 ,he never hurries them then2 no man ever saw ,tom ,smith ride fast at his fences1 at least at large ones 7brooks excepted71 let the pace be what it may2 and what a treat it is to see him jump water6 ,his falls1 to be sure1 have been innumerable2 but what very hard-riding man does not get falls8 ,hundreds of ,mr4 ,smith's falls may be accounted for3 he has measured his horses' pluck by his own1 and ridden at hundreds of non-feasible places1 with the chance of getting over them somehow4 ,again3 ,no man1 says ,dick ,christian1 that ever came into ,leicestershire could beat ,mr4 ,smith--,i do not care what any of them say2 while ,the ,druid1 in ',silk and ,scarlet1' after giving some very interesting anecdotes of ,tom ,smith1 says of him1 ,however hasty in temper and action he might be in the field or on the flags1 he was the mightiest hunter that ever 'rode across ,belvoir's sweet vale' or wore a horn at his saddle-bow4 ,his wonderful influence1 he adds1 over his hunters was strongly exemplified at another time1 but in rather a different manner4 ,he had mounted a friend1 who complained of having nothing to ride1 on his celebrated horse ,cicero4 ,the hounds were running breast-high across the big pasture lands of ,leicestershire1 and ,cicero was carrying his rider like a bird1 when a strong flight of rails had almost too ugly an aspect of height1 strength1 and newness for the liking of our friend on his 'mount4' ,the keen eye of ,assheton ,smith1 as he rode beside him1 at once discerned that he had no relish for the timber1 and seeing that he was likely to make the horse refuse1 he cried out1 ',come up1 ,cicero6' ,his well-known voice had at once the desired effect2 but ,cicero's rider1 by whom the performance was not intended1 left his 'seat' vacant1 fortunately without any other result than a roll upon the grass4 ,i have said1 remarks ,nimrod1 that ,mr4 ,smith's make and shape1 together with a fine bridle-hand1 have assisted him in rising to perfection as a horseman4 ,i once saw1 relates a friend1 a fine specimen of ,mr4 ,smith's hand and nerve in the going off of a frost1 when the bone was not quite out of the ground4 ,we were running a fox hard over ,salisbury ,plain1 when all at once his horse came on a treacherous flat1 greasy at top1 as sportsmen say1 but hard and slippery underneath4 ,the horse he rode was a hard puller1 and very violent1 named ,piccadilly2 and the least check from the bridle1 when the animal began to blunder1 would have to a certainty made him slip up4 ,here the fine riding of the squire shone conspicuously4 ,he left his horse entirely alone1 as if he were swimming2 and after floundering about and swerving for at least a hundred yards1 ,piccadilly recovered himself1 and went on as if nothing had happened4 ,at the end of a desperate run1 he once charged the river ,welland1 which divides the counties of ,leicester1 ,northampton1 and ,rutland1 and is said to be altogether impracticable4 ,the knack he had of getting across water is to be attributed to his resolute way of riding to hounds1 by which his horses knew that it was in vain to refuse whatever he might put them at4 ,one day when ,smith was drawing for a fox on his famous horse ,fire-,king1 he came to a precipitous bank at the end of a meadow1 with a formidable drop into a hard road4 ,you can't get out there1 ,sir1 said a civil farmer4 ,i should like very much to see the place where we 7patting ,fire-,king7 cannot go1 was the reply1 as down he rode1 to the astonishment of the field4 ,in falling1 says ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 he always contrived to fall clear of his horse4 ,the bridle-rein1 which fell as lightly as breeze of zephyr on his horse's neck1 was then held as in a vice4 ,in some instances1 with horses whom he knew well1 he would ride for a fall1 where he knew it was not possible for him to clear a fence4 ,with ,jack-o'-,lantern he was often known to venture on this experiment1 and he frequently said there was not a field in ,leicestershire in which he had not had a fall4 ',i never see you in the ,harborough country1' he observed to a gentleman who occasionally hunted with the ,quorn4 ',i don't much like your ,harborough country1' replied the other1 'the fences are so large4' ',oh6' observed ,mr4 ,smith1 'there is no place you cannot get over with a fall4' ,to a young supporter of his pack1 who was constantly falling and hurting himself1 he said1 ',all who profess to ride should know how to fall4' ,the author of ',silk and ,scarlet' says3-- ,it was a great speech of ,mr4 ,smith's1 if ever he saw a horse refuse with his ,whips1 ',throw your heart over1 and your horse will follow4' ,he never rode fast at his fences4 ,i have heard him say scores of times1 ',when a man rides at fences a hundred miles an hour1 depend upon it he funks4' ,sir ,william ,miles confirms this statement3-- ,mr4 ,smith1 he remarks1 always said1 ',go slow at all fences1 except water4 ,it makes a horse know the use of his legs1 and by so riding he can put down a leg wherever it is wanted4' ,long ,wellesley had a horse which he declared no man could see a run on4 ,he only requires a rider1 said the squire4 ,will you ride him1 then1 at ,glen ,gorse8 ,willingly6 replied ,smith1 who1 after several falls1 killing his fox1 was presented with the animal1 which he accordingly named ,gift4 ,the history of the education of ,smith's favourite horse1 ,jack-o'-,lantern1 is described as follows3-- ,we were riding1 said ,tom ,edge1 to covert through a line of bridle-gates1 when we came to a new double oaken post and rail fence4 ',this is just the place to make my colt a good timber jumper1' said the squire2 'so you shut the gate1 and ride away fast4' ,this was no sooner done than the squire rode at the rails1 which ,jack taking with his breast1 gave both himself and his rider such a fall1 that their respective heads were looking towards the fence they had ridden at4 ,up rose both at the same time1 as if nothing very particular had happened4 ',now1' said ,tom ,smith1 'this will be the making of the horse2 just do as you did before1 and ride away4' ,edge did so1 and ,jack flew the rails without touching1 and from that day was a first-rate timber fencer4 ,only on two occasions1 while hunting1 did ,tom ,smith succeed in breaking a bone3 once at ,melton1 when he consoled himself by learning arithmetic from the pretty damsel at the post-office2 and afterwards1 when one of his ribs was fractured1 owing1 as he said1 to his having a knife in his breast-pocket3-- ,and yet1 says ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 notwithstanding the gallant manner in which he always rode1 never turning from any fence that intervened between him and his hounds1 he never had a horse drop dead under him1 or die from the effects of a severe day's riding4 ,it is also a fact well recorded that he was never known to strike a horse unfairly4 ',how is it1' asked a friend1 'that horses and hounds seem never to provoke you8' ',they are brutes1 and know no better1 but men do1' was the reply4 ,the most extraordinary hunter in his stable1 ,ayston1 was pigeon-toed1 and so bad a hack1 that he had to be led to covert2 and yet at no time would his master have taken a thousand guineas for him4 ,after the famous ,billesden ,coplow run1 in which ,tom ,smith maintained so prominent a place1 he sold the horse he that day rode1 called ,furze-cutter1 for which he had given #bfl41 to ,lord ,clonbrock for #djjl4 ,the ,rev4 ,francis ,dyson1 now rector of ,creeklande1 on being ordained1 was appointed to assist his father1 the clergyman at ,tedworth3-- ,mr4 ,smith1 says ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 was so pleased with his first sermon1 that1 on coming out of church1 he slapped the young curate on the back1 and said1 ',well done1 ,frank6 you shall have a mount on ,rory ,o',more next ,thursday4' ,young ,dyson had many a run afterwards out of the squire's stables1 for his performances in the field pleased as much as those in the pulpit4 ,once1 when the hounds were running short with a sinking fox1 a person clad in a long black coat1 and evidently thinking scorn of the fun1 inquired of the ,whip what the dogs were then doing4 ',why1 ,sir1' said ,dick ,burton1 throwing a keen glance down the inquirer's person1 'they are preaching his funeral sermon4' ,in #ahdj ,tom ,smith proposed to pay a visit to his old friend ,sir ,richard ,sutton1 whose hunting had been stopped by a severe accident4 ,on hearing of this movement1 ,mr4 ,greene of ,rolleston1 who had been one of his best pupils in his ,leicestershire days1 requested him1 in his way to ,lincolnshire1 to bring his hounds once more into his old country1 ,mr4 ,hodgson1 who then hunted ,leicestershire1 having handsomely placed the best meet at his disposal4 ,the veteran1 for he was then sixty-four1 accepted the challenge1 bringing with him eighteen couples of his finest hounds1 of great substance1 open-chested1 and in splendid condition4 ,it would be vain1 writes ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 to endeavour to commemorate the scene which took place when ,tom ,smith1 surrounded by his hounds1 met the field at ,shankton ,holt on ,friday1 the #bjth of ,march4 ,more than two thousand horsemen1 one-third of whom appeared in pink1 were assembled4 ,men of the highest birth and station1 men who had served their country with deeds of most daring gallantry by sea and land1 men who in political or social life were the most brilliant in repute1 thronged to do honour to the first fox-hunter of the day4 ,they had come from remote counties1 and more were pouring in along the grassy slopes and vales1 or skirting the well-known gorse covers4 ,as ,dick ,christian remarked1 'the first lot were at ,shankton ,holt when the tail end wern't out of ,rolleston gates4' ,cold must have been the heart of him who could behold without joyous emotion the crowds of grey-headed horsemen hurrying forward to shake hands with their old friend and fellow-sportsman1 each calling vividly to memory some scene where he had acted the most conspicuous part4 ,more than twenty years had rolled away since he had resigned the lead in that magnificent country4 ,there had been splendid riders since his day2 and while time had thinned the ranks of the veterans1 younger men had either achieved or were achieving fame--,frank ,holyoake1 now ,sir ,francis ,goodricke1 well known for his splendid feats on ,brilliant2 ,colonel ,lowther1 ,lord ,wilton1 ,lord ,archibald ,seymour1 ,george ,payne1 ,little,i ,gilmour1 ,lord ,gardner1 ,george ,anson1 and a host of sportsmen1 well deserving the reputation they had won1 yet all strangers to the doings of this hero of the ,quorn1 except through anecdotes familiar to them as 'household words4' ,in addition to these were a very goodly display of carriages-and-four filled with ladies1 and pedestrians without number4 ,the hounds with ,dick ,burton were drawn up on the lawn1 while the vast group of horsemen formed a circle1 with the carriages and assembled crowd outside4 ,after the friendly salutations were over1 and their enthusiastic character astonished no one but the ,illustrious ,stranger,j present1 ,mr4 ,smith took his hounds to ,shankton ,holt1 where he drew only the bottom of the covert2 thence to ,norton ,gorse1 ,stanton ,wood1 ,glooston ,wood1 and ,fallow ,close1 all blank4 ,it was an unfavourable day for scent1--a bright sun with north-easterly wind1 not a cloud to be seen1 and the cold intense4 ,a fox having been found by ,mr4 ,hodgson1 in ,vowes ,covert1 as already stated1 away went the hounds towards ,horringhold1 leaving ,blaston to the right4 ,here ,mr4 ,smith took a strong flight of rails into a road1 quite like a 'young 'un4' ,the fox soon afterwards crossed the ,welland1 and went away for ,rockingham ,park1 where1 it being late1 they whipped off4 ,from #ahcj to #ahef--that is to say1 until ,tom ,smith had reached the age of eighty--with his indomitable energy and undaunted courage he continued to hunt his hounds at ,tedworth1 spending his summers at ,vaenol on board his yacht4 ,his head was as clear and his hand as firm as they had been twenty years ago4 ,if he felt not quite well in a morning1 plunging his head into cold water1 he used to hold it there as long as he could1 which he said always put him to rights4 ,it is true he had curtailed his meets to four only a week1 but on these days the farmers were delighted to see the old ,squire vault on horseback1 as usual1 blow his horn while his horse was carrying him over a five-barred gate1 and1 with a loose rein1 gallop down the sheep-fed hill-sides with all the alacrity of a boy4 ,but although the hourglass of his existence appeared to be still as bright and clear as ever1 the sand within the upper portion of the crystal was now running to its end4 ,in ,september1 #ahef1 while at his summer residence in ,north ,wales1 he was suddenly seized with an alarming attack of asthma1 which1 by the use of stimulants and by the assiduous attention of ,mrs4 ,smith1--at this period herself in a very weak state of health1--was so far subdued that on one of his horses saddled appearing at the door--although five minutes before he had been gasping for breath on the sofa--he mounted the animal1 and broke away1 as if instinctively1 to seek for himself a stronger stimulant than his physician could prescribe--the sight once again of his hounds4 ,although1 writes ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 very feelingly1 he rallied from this attack in an astonishing manner1 he was no longer the same man4 ,the erect gait was bent1 and the eagle eye had lost its lustre4 ,the able writer of ',silk and ,scarlet' gives the following graphic and affecting description of ,tom ,smith the last time he appeared at the meet with his hounds3-- ,the covert side knew him no more after the ,october of #aheg1 when he just cantered up to ,willbury on his chestnut hack ,blemish1 to see his hounds draw4 ,carter got his orders to bring the choicest of the #aheh entry1 and he and ,will ,bryce arrived at the usual rendezvous with five couple of bitches by the ,fitzwilliam ,hardwicke and ,hermit4 ,he looked at them a short time1 and exclaimed1 ',well1 they're as beautiful as they can be1' bade both his men good-bye1 and they saw him no more4 ,he returned to ,tedworth as usual-- ,but1 writes ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 at the annual meet on the #ast of ,november1 #aheg1 the hounds met without the accustomed centre figure of their master1 who slowly rode up to them without his scarlet4 ,he remarked1 quite seriously1 that if he had worn his hunting gear1 and his pack should observe that he could not follow them1 they would show their sorrow by refusing to hunt the fox4 ,a universal gloom pervaded the field2 he looked wistfully and lovingly at his old favourites1 the heroes of many a well-fought field2 and as he quickly went back into the hall1 shrinking almost from the outer air1 while the horsemen and pack turned away slowly towards the shrubberies1 every one felt with a heavy heart that the glory of the old fox-hunter had at length departed4 ,the state of ,mrs4 ,smith's health having for many years caused her husband great anxiety1 in #ahde1 in order1 as he said1 to bring ,madeira to ,england1 he constructed for her at ,tedworth a magnificent conservatory or crystal palace1 #cae feet in length and #dj in width1 in which1 enjoying the temperature of a warm climate1 she might take walking exercise during the winter months4 ,a ,wiltshire farmer1 on first seeing this building1 observed1 he supposed it was for the ',squire to hunt there whenever a frost stopped him in the field4 ,it was a melancholy spectacle1 writes ,sir ,j4 ,eardley ,wilmot1 to see ,tom ,smith the winter before his death1 when he could no longer join his hounds1 mount one of his favourite hunters--,euxine1 ,paul ,potter1 or ,blemish--with the assistance of a chair1 and take his exercise for an hour at a foot's pace up and down this conservatory1 often with some friend at his side to cheer him up and while away the time until he re-entered the house1 for he was not allowed at that period to go out of doors4 ,even in this feeble condition1 'quantm mutatus ab illo ,hectore1' once on horseback1 he appeared to revive2 and the dexterity and ease with which he managed1 like a plaything1 the spirited animal under him1 which had scarcely left its stable for months1 was most surprising4 ,during the last days of his existence he rested rather than took exercise on that noble animal the horse1 which for seventy years he had so resolutely and yet so considerately governed4 ,his mind1 in its declining hours1 had also its support4 ,throughout his life1 without ostentation and often in secret1 he had been charitable to people of various conditions4 ,of the two thousand workmen in his quarries1 scarcely one of them had ever been taken before a magistrate for dishonesty4 ,never was he known1 if properly requested1 to refuse to give a site for a church or even for a ,dissenting chapel4 ,both he and ,mrs4 ,smith invariably went to church on foot1 it being a rule with them never1 except in case of illness1 to have either carriage or horse out on ,sundays4 ,a few weeks after he had completed his eighty-second year he had a sudden attack of the same symptoms which had shaken him so severely in #ahef4 ,in a moment of consciousness1 evidently aware of his approaching end1 pointing to his faithful valet1 he said to his devoted wife1 ,take care of that man6 and when ,mrs4 ,smith left the room1 he said to her maid1 ,watch over your mistress2 take care of her4 ,a few hours afterwards-- ,last scene of all1 ,that ends this strange eventful history on the #ith of ,september1 #aheh1 while ,mrs4 ,smith's sister was watching by his bedside1 a slight change came over his countenance1 but before the doctors or even his valet could be summoned1--with a gentle sigh expired ,thomas ,assheton ,smith1 bequeathing1 on half a sheet of writing-paper1 the whole of his vast possessions1 producing from #ej1jjjl4 to #ee1jjjl4 a year1 to his widow 7who survived him only a few months72 and moreover leaving behind him a name that will long be remembered not only by the farmers and riding men of the counties he hunted1 but by all who are disposed fairly and justly to appreciate the lights and shadows which constitute the character of ,the ,english ,country ,gentleman1 one only of whose recreations we have endeavoured to delineate to our readers in the foregoing slight sketches of those three gallant animals--the ,horse1 the ,fox1 and last1 though not least1 the ,foxhunter4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,royal ,,engineer ,,train ,,practising ,,lasso ,,draught4 ,to face page #aie4 ,footnote ,i3 ,like ,william of ,deloraine1 good at need4 ,footnote ,j3 ,prince ,ernest1 brother to ,prince ,albert4 ,on ,military ,horse-,power4 ,as the momentum or force of a shot is said to be its weight multiplied by its velocity1 so the strength of an army may not unjustly be estimated by multiplying its physical powers by the rate at which 7if necessary7 it can be made to travel3 in short1 activity is to an army what velocity is to a shot1 or what the rigging of a vessel is to its hull4 ,but1 although we refuse to increase the weight of a shot unless we can proportionately preserve our power to propel it1 yet1 in ,european warfare1 this principle1 as regards the matriel of an army1 has not always been kept in mind4 ,inventions have very easily been admitted1 which afterwards have not been so easy to carry4 ,it is true1 they have added to the powers of the army1 but they have so diminished its speed1 that1 encumbered by its implements and accoutrements1 a ,european1 like an ,east ,indian army1 has often felt that it requires less science to fight than to march2 and thus1 when ,bonaparte1 in his retreat from ,moscow1 was surrounded by ,cossacks1 which his troops were unable to crush only because they could not get at them1 his well-known confession proves that when the field is vast1 and its resources feeble1 the distance between regular and irregular warfare is but a step1--the reason being1 that the superior strength of the former is worn out by the superior activity of the latter1 or1 as ,marshal ,saxe expressed it1 its arms are of less value than its legs4 ,now1 it is undeniable that this want of activity proceeds partly from the weight of the matriel1 but principally from the following very remarkable imperfection in the military equipment of ,europe4 ,it is well known that not only every soldier1 but every human being following an army1 is subject to military discipline1 and that his labour may1 at any time1 and for any purpose1 be required of him2 but1 although the rational being is thus called upon to work with cheerful obedience for the grand objects of the army1 the physical powers of the brute beast have never yet been developed2 and accordingly for the various1 sudden1 and momentary emergencies for which horse-power has often and urgently in vain been required1 horse-power 7the cavalry7 to an enormous extent has existed upon the spot1 a military element which it has hitherto been considered so impracticable to control1 that the guns1 ammunition1 treasure1 c41 which ,european cavalry have oftentimes bravely won1 their horses have been supposed totally incapable to carry away2 and the laurel which was positively in their hands they have thus been obliged to abandon4 ,again1 for sieges in countries which have been drained by the artillery and cavalry1 not only of horses1 but of sustenance to maintain them1 it has often been absolutely necessary to bring forward1 by bullocks and other inefficient means1 the battering train1 ammunition1 entrenching tools1 materials1 c41 amounting in weight1 even for the attack of a second-rate fortress1 to several thousand tons4 ,in moments of such distress the infantry working in the trenches have often severely suffered from the delay occasioned by the want of horse-power1 while their comrades1 the cavalry1 have been deemed incapable of sharing the honour and fatigue of the day1 from the anomalous conclusion that1 although it is easy to extract from men manual labour1 it is impossible to extract from horses horse-power2 and yet there exists no reason why1 in moments of emergency1 cavalry horses should not be required to work 7most particularly at drag-ropes7 as well as infantry soldiers2 for although the patient endurance of hardships and privations is one of the noblest features in military life1 yet absolutely to suffer from the want of what one positively possesses is1 even in common life1 a discreditable misfortune1 indicating not bodily weakness1 but mental imbecility4 ,even in that noble department1 the ,horse ,artillery itself1 there existed throughout the ,peninsular ,war a striking example of latent power which had never been exerted4 ,to each gun there were attached twelve horses trained to draught4 ,of these1 only eight possessed the means of drawing3 the gun might therefore1 in mechanical calculation1 be said to be propelled by an engine of eight horse-power2 and if a morass1 or any other obstacle1 over-balanced this power1 the gun was either deserted1 or 7as was customary7 the infantry were harnessed to it1 by drag-ropes1 in the immediate presence of four draught-horses1 whose powers 7besides officers' horses7 it was conceived that we were unable to command4,k ,now1 to awaken1 at no expense1 the important1 natural1 yet dormant powers1 not only of cavalry but of all other horses1 and1 consequently1 to afford the means of accelerating 7when required7 the movements1 grand or small1 of an army1 would surely be more beneficial than even to suggest an improvement in its arms2 for it may justly be said that our present weapons are destructive enough--that even if we could succeed in making them more so1 still our enemies would retort them upon us--that the advantage1 or rather the disadvantage1 would then be mutual--and that1 eventually1 war would only be made still more destructive2 but by giving activity and mobility to ,european armies1 the science of war is promoted2 and even if the benefit to the civilized nations of ,europe should be equal 7but this1 from the superior size and strength of ,english horses1 would evidently be in our favour71 yet it would at least shield the profession from the disgrace of being again persecuted1 in any country1 by an uncivilized army2 and if the navy of ,england1 laden with its immense weight of metal1 is endeavouring1 by science and reflection1 to accelerate its rate of sailing1 so that it can not only stand against the largest fleet1 but can chase and run down the smallest pirate1 surely the ,british army1 already distinguished by its heart and its arm1 should never rest satisfied until it can sufficiently develop its locomotive powers to be able to overtake and punish the insults of irregular troops4 ,having now endeavoured to prove1 #ast1 ,that in ,european warfare there positively does exist a serious imperfection2 and #bndly1 ,that it is for the interest1 and due to the character1 of the profession1 that this imperfection should be corrected1 we will proceed to explain the reasons which have lately induced the ,duke of ,cambridge by the following order to direct the attention of the ,british cavalry to the practice of lasso draught1 7which for more than two years1 by order of the ,inspector-,general of ,fortifications1 ,general ,sir ,john ,burgoyne1 has been most successfully and scientifically adopted1 by ,captain ,siborne1 ,r4,e41 commanding the ,royal ,engineer ,train1 under the intelligent superintendence of ,colonel ,henry ,sandham1 ,director of the ,royal ,engineers' ,establishment at ,chatham47 ,extract from the ,queen's ,regulations1 page #abf4 ,in order that the cavalry may1 upon emergencies1 be available for the purposes of draught1 such as assisting artillery1 c41 through deep roads1 and in surmounting other impediments and obstacles which the carriages of the army have frequently to encounter in the course of active service1 ten men per troop are to be equipped with the tackle of the lasso4 ,in ,europe1 ,asia1 ,africa1 ,north ,america1 and a considerable portion of ,south ,america1 for every purpose of drawing1 a horse is confined between two traces2 and accordingly1 whenever for the first time in his life he is placed in this predicament1 so soon as one of them touches or tickles him on one side1 he flies from it to the other trace1 which suddenly arrests him1 and1 usually blind-folded by blinkers1 being ignorant of1 as well as alarmed at1 the unknown objects that are restraining him1 he occasionally endeavours to disperse them by kicking2 and even if he submits1 it requires some little experience to tranquillize his fears4 ,for these reasons1 throughout the regions enumerated1 a horse that has never been in harness1 however valuable he may be1 is totally useless in a moment of emergency for the purposes of draught4 ,now throughout that region of ,south ,america which extends in #ce south latitude from ,buenos ,ayres on the ,atlantic1 to ,santiago and to ,valparaiso on the ,pacific ,ocean1 harness is composed of nothing but a surcingle and a single trace1 by which the horse draws as a man would drag a garden-roller1 by one hand instead of by two4 ,by this simple mode all the merchandise1 and all the travellers that have ever traversed on wheels those immense plains that separate the two great oceans of the world1 have been transported4 ,for military purposes its efficiency has been thus substantiated by ,general ,miller in his history of ',the ,war for ,independence'3-- ,our corps consisted of ten six-pounders and one howitzer4 ,each gun was drawn by four horses1 and each horse ridden by a gunner1 there being no corps of drivers in the service4 ,a non-commissioned officer and seven drivers were1 besides the four already mentioned1 attached to each piece of artillery4 ,buckles1 collars1 cruppers1 and breast-plates were not in use2 the horses simply drew from the saddle1 and with this equipment our guns have travelled nearly #ajj miles in a day4 ,but besides its efficiency for all the requirements of either peace or war1 the singular advantage of this simple harness is that any description of horse1 tame or wild1 uses it without noticing it2 for if the single trace which passes immediately beneath his hip bone happens 7which it ought not7 to press against his side1 by shrinking from it only an inch it instantly ceases to touch him2 and as there then remains nothing to confine1 tickle1 or alarm him1 he refrains from kicking1 simply because there is nothing to kick at1 and from quarrelling because he can see nothing in the world to quarrel with4 ,with this equipment1 if a party of native riders1 hunting ostriches in ,south ,america1 are requested to help the horses of a carriage across a river1 and up a steep bank1 similar1 for instance1 to that of the ,alma1 in a moment they affix their lassos1 conquer the difficulty1 attain the summit1 and then1 with tobacco smoke steaming from their mouths1 gallop away to follow their sport4 ,the ,royal ,engineer ,train have demonstrated by public experiments in this country1 that with this simple equipment1 which would injure neither the efficiency nor the appearance of the cavalry1 any number of horses1 whether accustomed to draught or not1 are capable of being at once harnessed to any description of carriage1 not only 7see sketch7 in front to draw it forward1 but in rear to hold it back1 or even sideways to prevent its oversetting--in short1 that it is a power which can be made to radiate in any direction2 and as its character stands upon a much firmer foundation--as it is bon fide the common mode of draught in ,south ,america--in constant use for all military and civil purposes--a practical invention which1 under all circumstances1 has been always found to answer1 it is evident to demonstration1--#ast4 ,that if it can transport artillery1 c41 across the lofty1 vast1 and rugged features of uncultivated ,america1 it would surely be serviceable on the roads and bridges of civilized countries4 #bndly1 ,that if it can be adapted to unbroken horses1 it cannot be inapplicable to the trained horses of our cavalry4 ,and1 #crdly1 ,that as both the surcingle and trace are made1 in ,america1 of nothing but the skins of bullocks1 we should1 on active service1 be able in all countries at least to obtain this material1 and generally many others4 ,it must1 moreover1 be observed1 that as a mounted horse 7i4 e4 a horse and man7 are heavier than an unmounted horse1 the former with a lasso can drag a heavier weight than the latter with a collar and traces4,l ,now1 supposing for a moment that not only our cavalry were to be furnished with1 but that every saddle-horse receiving rations in a ,european army was to be ordered to wear the ,south ,american surcingle 7which costs less than ,english girths and surcingle1 and which experience has proved to be1 merely as a girth1 superior to a common one71 and to carry a halter of the usual regulation length1 but long enough for a single trace1 without detailing the various important as well as trifling services which might be performed1 is it not evident that the general activity of the army would most materially be increased8 that1 in fact1 this equipment would form an era in military warfare8 that it would be an enormous1 and1 in ,europe1 an unheard-of engine of say twenty or thirty thousand horses' power1 which1 at a moment's warning1 could either be called forward or dismissed1 and1 after all1 maintained at no expense whatever8 for it must ever be kept in mind1 that we possess1 and always have possessed1 the power2 all that1 for five and thirty years1 we have until lately in vain proposed1 is--to rouse it into action4 ,if the propriety and future utility of this project should be admitted1 there is one most important observation to be made4 ,the characteristic feature of this simple harness is1 that having been invented for unbroken horses1 it possesses the singular military advantage of being at once applicable to any sort or description of horse4 ,but it is well known to every reflecting mind1 that there is no useful art which does not1 somewhere or other1 require attention2 and to this general rule the ,american harness is certainly no exception2 for though any horse will draw in it1 yet it does require1 on the part of the rider1 considerable experience and attention4 ,the single trace must be managed in a particular manner1 or1 in turning1 it gets under the horse's tail3 unless it is properly held in the hand at starting1 the horse may break it by the jerk4 ,there are several other little precautions necessary1 most particularly in the mode of adjusting the surcingle1 which requires considerable practice and attention4 ,the many curious and indeed scientific applications and combinations of power of which this simple harness is capable1 form a beautiful example of what even uncivilised man can contrive when his attention has been long and steadily directed to a solitary object4 ,and surely the ingenuity and practical experience of one nation are worthy the patient attention of another4 ,but the apparent simplicity of many a useful invention has often been its ruin2 and this observation is most particularly applicable to lasso harness1 which is1 in appearance1 so very simple1 that it seems to require only to be seen to be perfectly understood3 yet1 efficient as it is in ,america1 and efficient as it will be to any nation in ,europe that will give to its merits sufficient time and a fair trial1--yet1 on some little experience and reflection1 it is most confidently stated that1 as a theory1 it certainly is of no use at all2 and the truth of this observation will at once be proved by the complete failure and confusion which will inevitably take place if our cavalry try the harness without first not only patiently but cordially and zealously learning how to use it4 ,yet this ought not1 in common justice1 to condemn the principle2 for1 could cavalry1 without some little instruction1 succeed in driving even with our own harness8--,could ,french coachmen1 without practice1 drive our mails8--,could our ,english postilions drive the five horses of a ,french diligence8 ,and if driving is thus a science of many departments1 it would not be reasonable to expect that our cavalry should be able to drive1 merely because they have learnt to ride4 ,footnote ,k3 ,to the #ab-pounder ,armstrong gun 7which sighted to #h gives a range of #cjjj yards7 are now attached eight horses in harness1 and eight more on which the non-commissioned officers and men1 including horse holders1 are mounted4 ,of these1 four are supplied with web breast harness and traces3 to a proportion of the remainder lassos are supplied4 ,footnote ,l3 ,on active service1 when a gun sticks in very heavy ground1 it has been usual to place a gunner upon every unmounted horse1 and1 if necessary1 behind every driver on the mounted ones4 ,by this additional weight or power a gun has repeatedly been extricated and brought into action4 ,how to ,hobble and ,anchor ,horses4 ,hard pummelling1 said the ,duke of ,wellington to the ,guards at ,waterloo1 ,hard pummelling1 ,gentlemen6 ,well1 we must just see who'll pummel the hardest4 ,during the reign of ,brown ,bess the great battles of ,europe were decided very much in the manner above described4 ,two armies met on a battle-field1 or two fleets on the wide1 rude sea1 as in ,england two prize-fighters have entered a small space encircled by ropes1 to see who'll pummel the hardest4 ,in all three cases1 endurance1 indomitable courage1 and physical strength sooner or later conquered4 ,as1 however1 in mechanics1 a timid1 puny boy1 with the assistance of a pulley1 could drag towards him ,mars or ,hercules1 so must the new arms of precision lately invented1 give victory1 not to the bravest or the strongest1 but to whichever of two combatant armies shall exercise their deadly weapons with the greatest amount of science4 ,and1 as fortification has justly been defined the art of enabling a small body of men to resist for a considerable time the attack of a greater number1 so will1 in future1 the science of war consist in the art of concealing by every possible artifice the general commanding1 his staff1 his artillery1 cavalry1 and infantry1 from the fire of rifled cannon and ,mini muskets1 of which1 when properly directed1 it may be said that almost every bullet will have its billet4 ,on this principle1 if ,england were to be invaded1 it would be the endeavour and the duty of the general on whose intellectual powers the destiny of the empire would hang1 to direct his army to take against their enemy 7after1 in spite of his utmost efforts1 they had effected a landing71 not1 as in by-gone days1 the field1 but rather possession of the banks1 hedges1 and ditches thereof2 to make every great mansion1 building1 or village1 by loop-holing their walls1 a ,hougoumont2 every railway embankment a covert-way and parapet2 every hollow road a protector or ambuscade for cavalry or infantry2 the scarped summit of every hill a battery2 in short1 by avoiding exposure1 and by every means that ingenuity can devise1 to make the invaders1 during every step of their advance1 smart under a lash1 and fall from blows1 administered by a nimble1 intellectual army which they feel1 which they are literally dying to see1 but which is skilfully continuing1 out of their reach1 to decimate their ranks1 in order that when the great battle is given1 the invading army--though infinitely superior when it disembarked--shall be reduced to a force inferior in number to that of the stern1 steady1 stalwart defenders of their native soil4 ,it is evident1 however1 that to carry on war on the above principle1 it will be necessary that cavalry1 in their equipment as well as drill1 should undergo a complete revolution1 with a view to enable them in future1 in addition to the use of their sabres1 to help artillery with their lassos1--act as mounted infantry1--in short1 make themselves generally useful2 for1 at present1 they form on a field of battle so large a target1 that under existing circumstances they would have1 either out of harm's way to sit on their horses all day long waiting for an opportunity not likely to occur1 or be destroyed by rifled guns and muskets before their services could be required3 in fact1 as it would be impossible for them to charge men in squares1 or even in position armed with muskets of unerring aim1 they could be of little use until after the battle was won1 by following up the enemy in their retreat4 ,now1 instead of being the dearest and the most useless1 they would become the cheapest and most efficient branch of the army1 if1 besides occasionally using their lassos to help our ,armstrong guns1 c41 they had power to skim along hollow roads1 c41 to the vicinity of the summit of a hill or any other position1 from which1 half or wholly hidden1 they could1 with short ,mini rifles1 direct a deadly fire upon an overwhelming amount of advancing troops1 from whom they could gallop away--only to re-attack them--the instant it became prudent to do so4 ,but to enable cavalry or volunteer mounted yeomanry to act in this manner1 how1 it will be asked1 could they manage to leave their horses8 ,to this important question we will reply1 not by any theoretical project1 but by a statement of facts1 which1 though generally unknown in ,england1 have for many generations been in constant practice in other parts of the world4 #a4 ,throughout ,russia1 the ,cossacks1--whenever for any reason1 small or large1 they have wished to leave one horse1 or a regiment of horses1 to stand alone1 to ruminate either in the snow or on a verdant plain--have1 for ages1 been in the habit of1 as it were1 riveting them to the ground1 by tying together their two fore fetlocks by a pair of hobbles1 to the centre of which is affixed a narrow strap that buckles over the hock of one hind leg4 ,by this triangular apparatus 7weighing less than one pound71 which out of four legs leaves only one at liberty1 the animal physically and morally is completely paralysed2 indeed he is not only unable to move away1 but after his first fall is afraid again to try to do so4 #b4 ,in ,south ,africa1 farmers and sportsmen of all descriptions have long been in the habit of what they term anchoring their horses by a lump of lead1 from three to five pounds in weight1 carried in a small pocket buckled to the outside of their near or left holster4 ,to this anchor is attached a piece of cord about ten feet long1 which1 passing and running freely through both rings of the curb bit1 and hanging from them like a loose rein1 is fastened to a ,d or ring on the off-side of the saddle4 ,no time need be lost in displacing the lead from its pocket when necessary1 as it can be jerked out on the ground in the act of dismounting4 ,when a horse has been thus anchored1 if he attempts to move on1 his nose is brought down to his breast by the cord1 which1 tightening equally on both sides1 acts exactly like a bridle in the hand of a rider2 and as the pressure of the curb-chain ceases so soon as he stops1 he soon finds out that the best thing he can do is to stand still and graze4 ,as the cord is not fastened to either ring of the bit1 but merely runs through both1 the pressure it exerts when the horse tries to move is equal on both sides2 and therefore1 on the pulley principle1 a lead of four pounds weight makes it necessary for the horse to overcome with his mouth a steady and continuous pressure of eight pounds on the extremity of the bit lever before he can move forward4 ,on mounting hurriedly the cord is grasped with the reins1 the anchor is raised1 and while galloping away is adjusted in its pocket4 ,although this invention has proved to be admirably adapted for farmers1 for hunting and shooting1 or for staff or engineer officers while reconnoitring or surveying 7for which purpose ,general ,sir ,john ,michel1 now commanding a brigade in ,china1 has used it with great success71 it could not safely be applied to cavalry2 for as the horse has power1 if he chooses to endure the pain inflicted by his bit1 to pull or drag the anchor1 were he to run away with it1 its oscillations would be very dangerous in a camp4 ,to carry the additional weight of the anchor would also be considered as an objection2 but this could be entirely got rid of by any intelligent staff officer affixing to a rope1--whenever he wished for reconnoitring to tether his horse1--a stone1 a piece of wood1 or any other heavy substance1 which he would unlash and leave behind him so soon as his object on foot had been accomplished4 #c4 ,in ,mendoza1 ,san ,luis1 ,santiago1 ,buenos ,ayres1 and all other cities in the provinces of ,rio de la ,plata1 in ,chili1 and in ,peru1 whenever a young dandy1 calling upon his innamorata1 is informed that she is en casa1 that is at home1 he dismounts1 extracts from his waistcoat pocket a beautiful pair of slight hobbles 7weighing only two ounces71 which by two silver buttons he affixes to the fetlocks of his high-bred horse1 who1 swishing with his long tail the innumerable flies that assail him1 and looking at every animal that canters by him1 stands stock still1 until within the house all the compliments of the season have been paid1 and all the songs to the guitar exhausted4 ,in those countries every cavalry soldier carries a pair of such hobbles for his horse1 not in his pocket1 but as an ornament dangling from the throat-lash of the bridle4 ,by this invention a horse is not so thoroughly secured as by that used by the ,cossacks2 and accordingly1 if he be overfed1 very fresh1 and greatly alarmed1 he has power in a very awkward gait to move away4 ,on active service1 however1 where horses have more work than food1 it would prove efficient for a single horse1 and would completely arrest a troop when connected together by their collar chains1 by which arrangement a movement1 however slight1 by any one horse would be restrained by the vis inerti of all the rest4 ,on the above suggestion being submitted by us about six months ago to ,general ,sir ,john ,burgoyne1 with the vivacity and energy that distinguish him1 he instantly directed it to be properly tested by the mounted troop of the ,royal ,engineer ,train1 who1 as regards both bridles and saddles1 are equipped as cavalry4 ,the result of the experiments1 under the superintendence of ,colonel ,henry ,sandham1 and the able assistance of ,captain ,duff1 ,r4,e41 has proved so eminently successful1 that any one visiting ,aldershott is now enabled to see six or eight horses hobbled at intervals of about thirty feet asunder1 standing motionless1 while the riders of the rest of the troop to which they belong1 with drawn sabres flashing in the sun1 are galloping through them backwards and forwards2 and as of course cavalry horses could be made to do the same1 it has been substantiated that that noble branch of our army1 as also our volunteer yeomanry1 by merely carrying hobbles1 which only weigh two ounces per pair1 would at once be enabled1 in addition to other services1 to act1 whenever requisite1 as mounted infantry4 ,to an officer of the staff or engineers1 sent to deliver an order to1 or to reconnoitre a locality which on horseback it would be certain death to him to attempt to approach1 a pair of hobbles would enable him1 or1 in case of invasion1 any possessor of a horse and a ,mini rifle1 to ride as far as with safety he could advance1 and then by dismounting and securing his animal to creep1 or if necessary1 crawl onwards along the bottom of a ditch1 or behind any bank or hedge1 sufficient to conceal him from the fire of an army of unerring marksmen to whom1 after making all necessary observations1 he could invisibly administer deadly blows4 ,as1 however1 in future warfare it will of course constantly occur1 that appropriate cover in appropriate situations and directions will not be available1 our army1 however perfect it may be made in the light infantry rifle movements above described1 should be discouraged from relying on them1 lest such an idea should lead1 not only to a timid course of procedure on the part of the ,general commanding1 but to a conception in the minds of ,british soldiers1 whose favourite weapon has hitherto been their bayonets1 that the odds will be much against them unless they be hidden from the fire of their enemy4 ,on ,chloroforming ,horses4 ,in the first book of ,genesis1 although on the bursting out of light2 on the gathering together of the waters to let the dry land appear2 on the creation of the grass1 the herb1 and the fruit-tree2 of the sun1 moon1 and stars2 of the fishes of the sea2 of the fowls of the air2 of the beast of the earth1 of the cattle1 of every living creature1 and everything that creepeth upon the earth1 we are informed by ,moses that on each of these successive formations ,god saw that it was good2 yet1 the same six important words of approval were not 7as in all the previous instances they had been7 especially uttered on the creation of man1 the reason possibly being that of the works of creation every thing was fixed1 and of its kind immutably good1 save human reason1 which1 for the weal or woe of the favoured race on whom alone it was bestowed1 was gifted with an elasticity by which its character1 capable of being elevated or depressed to almost immeasurable distances above or below the level of its original creation1 might become either good or evil4 ,and accordingly1 while the heat of the sun1 the light of the moon1 the brightness of the stars1 the force of the hurricane1 the velocity of light1 the movements of the heavenly bodies1 the return of the seasons1 have neither increased nor diminished in the smallest degree2 yet human reason1 since the moment of its creation1 has never continued within the same limits1 simply because its cumulative powers have enabled it to inherit1 increase1 and transmit knowledge which1 by the triumph of reason over immutable instinct1 has1 in accordance with the ,almighty decree1 given to man dominion over the fish of the sea1 and over the fowl of the air1 and over the cattle1 and over all the earth1 and over every creeping thing that creepeth on the earth4 ,as property1 however1 in animals as well as in acres1 has its duties as well as its rights1 it might have been expected 7at least by them7 that when the ,lord of the creation thus obtained possession of the superior physical strength of brute beasts1 he would deem it just to impart to them in return a small tithe or share of any discovery by human reason that could alleviate the work which1 in subjection to its power1 they were required to perform2 and as in mercantile firms it is usual for the partners to expend for their mutual benefit the amount of the capital they respectively contribute1 it might have been expected that in the alliance which has taken place between men and horses1 a similar division of profits would have been adopted4 ,but like ,irish reciprocity1 the advantages are all on one side2 or in plainer terms1 ,reason screws all it can out of ,instinct1 giving to the poor brute1 its owner1 nothing in return4 ,for instance1 when man found that his unshod horse could only carry him per day a small number of miles1 he invented for and presented him with iron shoes1 in return for which he required the wearer thereof to carry him more than double that distance4 ,to the old fashioned lever1 attached to the extremity of which a horse revolving a mill could only draw up per day a small quantity of water1 or knead a small quantity of clay1 man as he improved in mechanical knowledge added a wheel1 in return for which he required the quadruped worker thereof to lift treble the amount of water1 or to knead treble the amount of clay4 ,along the rough muddy roads that existed throughout ,europe half a century ago1 a horse could with difficulty draw a single man seated in his gig or buggy4 ,as soon1 however1 as by human science roads were macadamised1 i4e41 levelled and improved1 there arose as it were out of them 7like mushrooms in a meadow7 innumerable descriptions of four-wheeled carriages1 in which the horse1 simply because he was enabled1 was required to draw1 in addition to his master1 his wife and three or four of their children4 ,when by the invention of railways the locomotive engine suddenly superseded animal power1 the horses1 instead of sharing in a discovery by human reason which seemed to promise to them emancipation from slavery1 found that by it they were merely to be transferred from good highways to bad bye-ways4 ,if thousands of omnibuses1 cabs1 and canal-boats1 which have been plying seven days in the week1 are suddenly restrained by human laws from running on the ,sabbath1 the proprietors instantly diminish the number of their horses1 expressly for the purpose of continuing to give to each the same amount of work and of rest1 the latter1 like the best of oats1 beans1 and chopped hay1 being bestowed upon him solely to enable him to perform the maximum amount of work4 ,in short1 by the common rule of three1 as well as by the common rule of life1 quaintly exemplified by the following extract1 human reason calculates that if #gjjj horses are necessary to work for seven days per week1 only #fjjj will be wanted to work for six days4 ,sunday and ,week-day ,religions4--,the tides come twice a-day in ,new ,york ,harbour1 but they only come once in seven days in ,god's harbour of the sanctuary4 ,they rise on ,sunday1 but ebb on ,monday1 and are down and out all the rest of the week4 ,men write over their store door1 ',business is business1' and over the church door1 ',religion is religion2' and they say to ,religion1 ',never come in here1' and to ,business1 ',never go in there4' ',let us have no secular things in the pulpit1' they say2 'we get enough of them through the week in ,new ,york4 ,there all is stringent and biting selfishness1 and knives1 and probes1 and lancets1 and hurry1 and work1 and worry4 ,here we want repose1 and sedatives1 and healing balm4 ,all is prose over there2 here let us have poetry4 ,we want to sing hymns1 and to hear about heaven and ,calvary2 in short1 we want the pure ,gospel without any worldly intermixture4' ,and so they desire to spend a pious1 quiet ,sabbath1 full of pleasant imaginings and peaceful recollections2 but when the day is gone1 all is laid aside4 ,they will take by the throat the first debtor whom they meet1 and exclaim1 ',pay me what thou owest4 ,it is ,monday4' ,and when the minister ventures to hint to them something about their duty to their fellow-men1 they say1 ',oh1 you stick to your preaching4 ,you do not know how to collect your own debts1 and cannot tell what a man may have to do in his intercourse with the world4' ,god's law is not allowed to go into the week4 ,if the merchant spies it in his store1 he throws it over the counter4 ,if the clerk sees it in the bank1 he kicks it out at the door4 ,if it is found in the street1 the multitude pursue it1 pelting it with stones1 as if it were a wolf escaped from a menagerie1 and shouting1 ',back with you6 ,you have got out of ,sunday4' ,there is no religion in all this4 ,it is mere sentimentalism4 ,religion belongs to every day--to the place of business as much as to the church4 ,high in an ancient belfry there is a clock1 and once a week the old sexton winds it up2 but it has neither dial plate nor hands4 ,the pendulum swings1 and there it goes1 ticking1 ticking1 day in and day out1 unnoticed and useless4 ,what the old clock is in its dark chamber1 keeping time to itself1 but never showing it1 that is the mere sentimentality of religion1 high above life1 in the region of airy thought2 perched up in the top of ,sunday1 but without dial or pointer to let the week know what o'clock it is1 of time or of eternity4--,american ,paper4 ,it may be impracticable to prevent man from taking to himself the whole benefit of every ingenious invention by which the physical power of the horse can be increased1 yet surely1 either by legislation or by the power of public opinion1 he should be required to grant or rather transmit to the poor animal1 as a gift from ,heaven1 the benefit of any scientific discovery that may save him from unnecessary and indescribable agony under operations almost all of which are prescribed either for the self interest1 pride1 or fashions of his master4 ,but although the avowed object of the criminal laws of ,england is to prevent crime by the infliction of a scale of punishments which1 fearful enough to deter the guiltiest1 are all divested1 so far as science can devise1 of bodily pain2 although we deprecate any suffering on the tread-mill beyond that of ordinary hard labour2 and although even for the murderer we have invented a machinery of rope1 planks1 and bolts to produce a sudden and almost painless death1 yet1 until lately1 people of both sexes1 of all ages1 and of every sort and condition1 have under the surgeon's knife been subjected to tortures which it would have been beyond the ingenuity of the most merciless tyrant that ever existed to have invented4 ,the screams1 however1 which have resounded throughout the civilized world--in private houses1 in palaces1 in cottages1 on the field of battle1 between the decks of men-of-war1 and through the doors and windows of all public hospitals1--have lately1 by the command and blessing of ,almighty ,god1 been suddenly stopped by the administration of chloroform1 which now1 diluted in the proportion of three parts of vapour to ninety-seven parts of atmospheric air1 causes a patient1 at no risk whatever of his life1 and at a cost amounting to less than two-pence1 to be bereft1 not necessarily of his senses1 but merely of sensation1 while the knife1 without the infliction of the slightest pain1 is performing on his living body the most appalling operations4 ,and the ,lord ,god caused a deep sleep to fall upon ,adam1 and he slept3 and he took one of his ribs1 and closed up the flesh instead thereof4 ,now1 if in return for this extraordinary alleviation1 or rather annihilation of all sufferings under surgical treatment1 man should deem it his duty to render public thanks to that ,omnipotent ,power from which it has proceeded1 is it possible for him practically to perform any more acceptable act of acknowledgment than to allow the dumb creatures in his service to participate in a blessing which1 by ,divine authority1 has been imparted to the possessors1 not exclusively of human reason1 but without favour or exception1 of animal life8 ,as regards his horses1 the performance of this duty is especially incumbent3 for not only1 like all other animals1 are they liable to the accidents and ills that flesh is heir to1 but some of the cruelest operations to which they are subjected--such1 for instance1 as cutting off and cauterising their tails1 burning their sinews with red hot irons1 dividing and cutting out a portion of a nerve1 with other excruciating operations on young horses1 under which they are often heard to squeal from pain--are inflicted on them1 to comply with either a useless as well as a barbarous fashion2--or to enable them to go for another season's hunting2--or to make them sound enough to sell2 or for the attainment of conveniences of which the horse derives not the smallest share3 and as the high-bred1 broken-down hunter has no voice to ask for mercy1--as he cannot boast of possessing reason1--as he has inherited no knowledge1--as he has no power to bequeath any1--as his whole energies have been devoted to the service and enjoyments of man1 by whose mechanical contrivances he is now cast with his four feet shackled together1 lying prostrate on a heap of straw2--just before the red-hot iron sears his over-strained sinews1 or the sharp knife is inserted into his living flesh--surely1 in a civilized country like ,england1 some high power should be authorized to exclaim1 not ,woodman1 spare that tree6 but ,sportsman1 ,,save that horse6 by chloroform1 from the agonising torture to which you have sentenced him6 ,you are a man of pleasure3--save him from unnecessary pain4 ,you are a man of business3--inscribe in that ledger in which every one of the acts of your life is recorded1 on one side how much he will gain1 and on the other1 per contr1 how very little you will lose1 by the evaporation of a fluid that will not cost you the price of the shoes of the poor animal whose marketable value you have determined1 by excruciating agony to him1 to increase4 ,as he lies prostrate1 all that is necessary to save him from suffering the smallest amount of pain is1 to desire the operator with his left hand to close the animal's upper nostril1 while beneath the lower one he places a quarter of a pint tin pot1 containing a sponge1 on which is gradually dropped1 from a little vial1 chloroform sufficient to deprive him of sensation1 which can readily be tested by the occasional slight prick of a pin2 and although1 when thus lulled into an unconscious state1 the noble animal may1 during a dreadful operation1 possibly dream that ,he sees war's lightning flashing1 ,sees the claymore and bayonet clashing1 ,sees through the blood the war-horse dashing-- yet1 on the restoration of sensation1 which usually occurs some minutes after the operation is over1 he calmly awakens1 raises his head1 and looks around1 perfectly unconscious of all that has occurred to him6 ,in every point of view in which it can be considered1 this boon1 granted by ,heaven to the brute beast1 should not be withheld from him by man4 ,on ,mr4 ,henry ,thompson1 the celebrated practising surgeon at ,university ,college ,hospital1 and also at ,marylebone ,dispensary1 being lately asked1 ,what are the occasions on which you are in the habit of administering chloroform8 he energetically replied1 ,for everything that gives ,,pain4 ,if1 therefore1 man to this enormous extent is benefited by chloroform1 what right has he to withhold it from his own animals1 to whom1 not only in equity1 but by the laws of ,god1 it belongs as much as it belongs to him8 ,their claims are so affecting1 and so obvious1 the remedy that would save them from all pain is so cheap and simple1 that it is1 we feel1 only necessary to appeal to the public to obtain by acclamation a verdict in their favour4 ,professor ,spooner1 in an address delivered by him to the students of the ,veterinary ,college in ,october last1 stated that in the two chief ,veterinary ,colleges in ,france--at ,alfort and at ,lyons--pupils1 twice a week for seven hours a day1 are instructed in surgery by the vivisection or cutting up of living horses1 who1 until they actually expire1 are subjected to a series of cruelties which1 although ,mr4 ,spooner professionally described and deprecated1 we dare not repeat4 ,what a disgrace it is to ,france1 and especially to her brave army1 that while every cavalry soldier who distinguishes himself in action1 covered with medals and glory1 may proudly end his days in the ,htel des ,invalides1--the horse that carried him in all his brilliant charges1 c41 when he is worn out and unfit for service1 is liable to be led into an arena in the heart of ,the ,empire1 to be1 before the public1 not honoured nor rewarded1 but1 inch by inch1 and bit by bit1 to be dissected alive1 until by the last sigh from his lungs1 and by the last pulsation from his heart1 he ends his account with his inconsiderate1 ungenerous1 and ungrateful country6 ,the ,english veterinary surgeons of the present day are so far superior to those of the last generation--they are so willing and so proud to follow in their important vocation whatever new discoveries may be humanely and successfully practised in our public hospitals1 that if our ,sovereign1 the ,commander-in-,chief of our army1 our noblemen1 sportsmen1 and men of education1 character1 and wealth1 would but combine together in determining to require that chloroform shall invariably be administered to their creatures for everything that gives pain1 the fashion would quickly be followed1 even by the most unreflecting portion of our community2 and ,england1 great1 glorious1 and free1 would then stand distinguished in the world1 not only for the strength1 stoutness1 endurance1 weight1 and swiftness of her animals1 but by her merciful protection of them under surgical operations4 ,a righteous man regardeth his beast3 but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel4 ,,in ,,gratitude ,,to ,,the ,,horse1 ,the ,foregoing ,imperfect ,observations1 ,applicable to all living ,creatures1 ,are respectfully submitted ,to the ,consideration of the ,public1 by ,,his ,,rider4 ,,london3 ,,printed ,,by ,,william ,,clowes ,,and ,,sons1 ,,stamford ,,street1 ,,and ,,charing ,,cross4 ,albemarle ,street1 ,london4 ,april1 #ahfa4 ,,mr4 ,,murray',s ,,general ,,list ,,of ,,works4 ,,abbott',s 7,rev4 ,j47 ,philip ,musgrave2 or1 ,memoirs of a ,church of ,england ,missionary in the ,north ,american ,colonies4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,abercrombie',s 7,john7 ,enquiries concerning the ,intellectual ,powers and the ,investigation of ,truth4 ,fifteenth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- ,philosophy of the ,moral ,feelings4 ,twelfth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ds4 ---- ,pathological and ,practical ,researches on the ,diseases of the ,stomach1 c4 ,third ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,,acland',s 7,rev4 ,charles7 ,popular ,account of the ,manners and ,customs of ,india4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,adolphus',s 7,j4 ,l47 ,letters from ,spain1 in #ahef and #aheg4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,schylus4 7,the ,agamemnon and ,choephor47 ,edited1 with ,notes4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4 ,peile1 ,d4,d4 ,second ,edition4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #is4 each4 ,,sop',s ,,fables4 ,a ,new ,translation4 ,with ,historical ,preface4 ,by ,rev4 ,thomas ,james4 ,with #ajj ,woodcuts1 by ,tenniel and ,wolf4 #chth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,agricultural 7,the7 ,journal4 ,of the ,royal ,agricultural ,society of ,england4 #hvo4 #ajs4 ,published half-yearly4 ,,aids ,,to ,,faith3 a ,series of ,theological ,essays by ,several ,writers4 #hvo4 7,in the ,press47 ,,amber-,,witch 7,the74 ,the most interesting ,trial for ,witchcraft ever known4 ,translated from the ,german by ,lady ,duff ,gordon4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,arthur',s 7,little7 ,history of ,england4 ,by ,lady ,callcott4 #ajjth ,thousand4 ,with #bj ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,aunt ,,ida',s ,walks and ,talks2 a ,story ,book for ,children4 ,by a ,lady4 ,woodcuts4 #afmo4 #es4 ,,austin',s 7,john7 ,,province ,,of ,,jurisprudence ,,determined4 ,being the ,first ,part of a ,series of ,lectures on ,jurisprudence1 or ,the ,philosophy of ,positive ,law4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- 7,sarah7 ,fragments from ,german ,prose ,writers4 ,with ,biographical ,notes4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ,,admiralty ,,publications2 ,issued by direction of the ,lords ,commissioners of the ,admiralty3-- #a4 ,a ,,manual ,,of ,,scientific ,,enquiry1 for the ,use of ,travellers in ,general4 ,by ,various ,hands4 ,edited by ,sir ,john ,f4 ,herschel1 ,bart4 ,third ,edition1 revised by ,rev4 ,robert ,main4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 #b4 ,,airy',s ,,astronomical ,,observations made at ,greenwich4 #ahcf to #ahdg4 ,royal #dto4 #ejs4 each4 ---- ,,astronomical ,,results4 #ahdh to #aheh4 #dto4 #hs4 each4 #c4 ---- ,,appendices ,,to ,,the ,,astronomical ,,observations4 #ahcf4--;,i4 ,bessel's ,refraction ,tables4 ,,ii4 ,tables for converting ,errors of ,r4,a4 and #hs4 ,n4,p4,d4 into ,errors of ,longitude and ,ecliptic ,p4,d4 #ahcg4--;,i4 ,logarithms of ,sines and ,cosines to every ,ten ,seconds of ,time4 #hs4 ,,ii4 ,table for converting ,sidereal into ,mean ,solar ,time4 #ahdb4--;,catalogue of #adci ,stars4 #hs4 #ahde4--,longitude of ,valentia4 #hs4 #ahdg4--,twelve ,years' ,catalogue of ,stars4 #ads4 #ahea4--,maskelyne's ,ledger of ,stars4 #fs4 #aheb4--;,i4 ,description of the ,transit ,circle4 #es4 ,,ii4 ,regulations of the ,royal ,observatory4 #bs4 #ahec4--;,bessel's ,refraction ,tables4 #hs4 #ahed4--;,i4 ,description of the ,zenith ,tube4 #cs4 ,,ii4 ,six ,years' ,catalogue of ,stars4 #ajs4 #ahef4--;,description of the ,galvanic ,apparatus at ,greenwich ,observatory4 #hs4 #d4 ---- ,,magnetical ,,and ,,meteorological ,,observations4 #ahdj to #ahdg4 ,royal #dto4 #ejs4 each4 ---- ,,magnetical ,,and ,,meteorological ,,results4 #ahdh to #aheh4 #dto4 #hs4 each4 #e4 ---- ,,astronomical1 ,,magnetical1 ,,and ,,meteorological ,,observations1 #ahdh to #aheh4 ,royal #dto4 #ejs4 each4 #f4 ---- ,,reduction ,,of ,,the ,,observations ,,of ,,planets1 #agej to #ahcj4 ,royal #dto4 #ejs4 #g4 ---------------------- ,,lunar ,,observations4 #agej to #ahcj4 #b ,vols4 ,royal #dto4 #ejs4 each4 #h4 ,,bernoulli',s ,,sexcentenary ,,table4 ,london1 #aggi4 #dto4 #i4 ,,bessel',s ,,auxiliary ,,tables ,,for ,,his ,,method ,,of ,,clearing ,,lunar ,,distances4 #hvo4 #aj4 ---- ,,fundamenta ,,astronomi3 ,regiomontii1 #ahah4 ,folio4 #fjs4 #aa4 ,,bird',s ,,method ,,of ,,constructing ,,mural ,,quadrants4 ,london1 #agfh4 #dto4 #bs4 #f;d4 #ab4 ---- ,,method ,,of ,,dividing ,,astronomical ,,instruments4 ,london1 #agfg4 #dto4 #bs4 #f;d4 #ac4 ,,cook1 ,,king1 ,,and ,,bayly',s ,,astronomical ,,observations4 ,london1 #aghb4 #dto4 #bas4 #ad4 ,,eiffe',s ,,account ,,of ,,improvements ,,in ,,chronometers4 #dto4 #bs4 #ae4 ,,encke',s ,,berliner ,,jahrbuch1 for #ahcj4 ,berlin1 #ahbh4 #hvo4 #is4 #af4 ,,groombridge',s ,,catalogue ,,of ,,circumpolar ,,stars4 #dto4 #ajs4 #ag4 ,,hansen',s ,,tables ,,de ,,la ,,lune4 #dto4 #bjs4 #ag4;a ,,harrison',s ,,principles ,,of ,,his ,,time-,,keeper4 ,plates4 #agfg4 #dto4 #es4 #ah4 ,,hutton',s ,,tables ,,of ,,the ,,products ,,and ,,powers ,,of ,,numbers4 #agha4 ,folio4 #gs4 #f;d4 #ai4 ,,lax',s ,,tables ,,for ,,finding ,,the ,,latitude ,,and ,,longitude4 #ahba4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #bj4 ,,lunar ,,observations at ,,greenwich4 #aghc to #ahai4 ,compared with the ,tables1 #ahba4 #dto4 #gs4 #f;d4 #bb4 ,,maskelyne',s ,,account ,,of ,,the ,,going ,,of ,,harrison',s ,,watch4 #agfg4 #dto4 #bs4 #f;d4 #ba4 ,,mayer',s ,,distances of the ,,moon',s ,,centre from the ,,planets4 #ahbb1 #cs42 #ahbc1 #ds4 #f;d4 #ahbd to #ahce1 #hvo4 #ds4 each4 #bc4---- ,,theoria ,,lun ,,juxta ,,systema ,,newtonianum4 #dto4 #bs4 #f;d4 #bd4---- ,,tabul ,,motuum ,,solis ,,et ,,lun4 #aggj4 #dto4 #es4 #be4---- ,,astronomical ,,observations ,,made ,,at ,,gottingen1 from #agef to #agfa4 #ahbf4 ,folio4 #gs4 #f;d4 #bf4 ,,nautical ,,almanacs1 from #agfg to #ahfd4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 each4 #bg4---- ,,selections ,,from ,,the ,,additions up to #ahab4 #hvo4 #es4 #ahcd-ed4 #hvo4 #es4 #bh4---- ,,supplements1 #ahbh to #ahcc1 #ahcg and #ahch4 #hvo4 #bs4 each4 #bi4---- ,,table requisite to be used with the ,n4,a4 #agha4 #hvo4 #es4 #cj4 ,,pond',s ,,astronomical ,,observations4 #ahaa to #ahce4 #dto4 #bas4 each4 #ca4 ,,ramsden',s ,,engine for ,dividing ,mathematical ,instruments4 #dto4 #es4 #cb4---- ,,engine for ,dividing ,straight ,lines4 #dto4 #es4 #cc4 ,,sabine',s ,,pendulum ,,experiments to ,determine the ,figure of the ,earth4 #ahbe4 #dto4 #djs4 #cd4 ,,shepherd',s ,,tables for ,correcting ,lunar ,distances4 #aggb4 ,royal #dto4 #bas4 #ce4---- ,,tables1 ,,general1 of the ,,moon',s ,,distance from the ,,sun1 and #aj ,,stars4 #aghg4 ,folio4 #es4 #f;d4 #cf4 ,,taylor',s ,,sexagesimal ,,table4 #agh,o4 #dto4 #aes4 #cg4---- ,,tables ,,of ,,logarithms4 #dto4 #cl4 #ch4 ,,tiark',s ,,astronomical ,,observations for the ,longitude of ,madeira4 #ahbb4 #dto4 #es4 #ci4---- ,,chronometrical ,,observations for ,differences of ,longitude between ,dover1 ,portsmouth1 and ,falmouth4 #ahbc4 #dto4 #es4 #dj4 ,,venus and ,,jupiter3 ,observations of1 compared with the ,tables4 ,london1 #ahbb4 #dto4 #bs4 #da4 ,,wales' ,,and ,,bayly',s ,,astronomical ,,observations4 #aggg4 #dto4 #bas4 #db4 ,,wales' ,,reduction ,,of ,,astronomical ,,observations made in the ,southern ,hemisphere4 #agfd-agga4 #aghh4 #dto4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,babbage',s 7,charles7 ,economy of ,machinery and ,manufactures4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,ninth ,bridgewater ,treatise4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ---- ,reflections on the ,decline of ,science in ,england1 and on some of its ,causes4 #dto4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,baikie',s 7,w4 ,b47 ,narrative of an ,exploring ,voyage up the ,rivers ,quorra and ,tshadda in #ahed4 ,map4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,bankes' 7,george7 ,story of ,corfe ,castle1 with documents relating to the ,time of the ,civil ,wars1 c4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,bassompierre',s ,memoirs of his ,embassy to the ,court of ,england in #afbf4 ,translated with ,notes4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,bastiat',s 7,frederic7 ,harmonies of ,political ,economy4 ,translated1 with a ,notice of his ,life and ,writings1 by ,p4 ,j4 ,,stirling4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,barrow',s 7,sir ,john7 ,autobiographical ,memoir1 including ,reflections1 ,observations1 and ,reminiscences at ,home and ,abroad4 ,from ,early ,life to ,advanced ,age4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,voyages of ,discovery and ,research within the ,arctic ,regions1 from #ahah to the present time4 ,abridged and arranged from the ,official ,narratives4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- 7,sir ,george7 ,ceylon2 ,past and ,present4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- 7,john7 ,naval ,worthies of ,queen ,elizabeth's ,reign1 their ,gallant ,deeds1 ,daring ,adventures1 and ,services in the infant state of the ,british ,navy4 #hvo4 #ads4 ---- ,life and ,voyages of ,sir ,francis ,drake4 ,with numerous ,original ,letters4 ,post #hvo #bs4 #f;d4 ,,bees ,,and ,,flowers4 ,two ,essays4 ,by ,rev4 ,thomas ,james4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 each4 ,,bell',s 7,sir ,charles7 ,mechanism and ,vital ,endowments of the ,hand as evincing ,design4 ,sixth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,benedict',s 7,jules7 ,sketch of the ,life and ,works of ,felix ,mendelssohn-,bartholdy4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,bertha',s ,journal during a ,visit to her ,uncle in ,england4 ,containing a ,variety of ,interesting and ,instructive ,information4 ,seventh ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 ,,birch',s 7,samuel7 ,history of ,ancient ,pottery and ,porcelain3 ,egyptian1 ,assyrian1 ,greek1 ,roman1 and ,etruscan4 ,with #bjj ,illustrations4 #b ,vols4 ,medium #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,blunt',s 7,rev4 ,j4 ,j47 ,principles for the proper understanding of the ,mosaic ,writings1 stated and applied1 together with an ,incidental ,argument for the truth of the ,resurrection of our ,lord4 ,being the ,hulsean ,lectures for #ahcb4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- ,undesigned ,coincidences in the ,writings of the ,old and ,new ,testament1 an ,argument of their ,veracity3 with an ,appendix containing ,undesigned ,coincidences between the ,gospels1 ,acts1 and ,josephus4 ,sixth ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,history of the ,church in the ,first ,three ,centuries4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ---- ,parish ,priest2 ,his ,duties1 ,acquirements and ,obligations4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lectures on the ,right ,use of the ,early ,fathers4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,plain ,sermons ,preached to a ,country ,congregation4 ,second ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 each4 ---- ,literary ,essays4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,blackstone',s ,,commentaries on the ,laws of ,england4 ,adapted to the present state of the law4 ,by ,r4 ,malcolm ,kerr1 ,,ll4,d4 ,second ,edition1 enlarged1 and corrected to #ahfj4 #d ,vols1 #hvo1 #fcs4 ---- ,for ,students4 ,being those ,portions which relate to the ,british ,constitution and the ,rights of ,persons4 ,second ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,book ,,of ,,common ,,prayer4 ,with #ajjj ,illustrations of ,borders1 ,initials1 and ,woodcut ,vignettes4 ,medium #hvo4 #bas4 ,,boswell',s 7,james7 ,life of ,dr4 ,johnson4 ,including the ,tour to the ,hebrides4 ,edited by ,mr4 ,croker4 ,people's ,edition4 ,portraits4 ,royal #hvo4 #ajs4 ,,borrow',s 7,george7 ,lavengro2 ,the ,scholar--,the ,gipsy--and the ,priest4 ,portrait4 #c ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,romany ,rye2 a ,sequel to ,lavengro4 ,second ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,bible in ,spain2 or the ,journeys1 ,adventures1 and ,imprisonments of an ,englishman in an ,attempt to circulate the ,scriptures in the ,peninsula4 #c ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bgs42 or ,popular ,edition1 #afmo1 #fs4 ---- ,zincali1 or the ,gipsies of ,spain2 their ,manners1 ,customs1 ,religion1 and ,language4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs42 or ,popular ,edition1 #afmo1 #fs4 ---- ,sleeping ,bard2 or1 ,visions of the ,world1 ,death1 and ,hell4 ,translated from the ,cambrian ,british of ,elis ,wyn4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ,,bray',s 7,mrs47 ,life of ,thomas ,stothard1 ,r4,a4 ,with ,personal ,reminiscences4 ,illustrated with ,portrait and #fj ,woodcuts of his chief works4 #dto4 ,,brewster',s 7,sir ,david7 ,martyrs of ,science1 or the ,lives of ,galileo1 ,tycho ,brahe1 and ,kepler4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ---- ,more ,worlds than ,one4 ,the ,creed of the ,philosopher and the ,hope of the ,christian4 ,eighth ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,stereoscope3 its ,history1 ,theory1 ,construction1 and ,application to the ,arts and to ,education4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #es4 #f;d4 ---- ,kaleidoscope3 its ,history1 ,theory1 and ,construction1 with its application to the ,fine and ,useful ,arts4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,british ,,association ,,reports4 #hvo4 ,york and ,oxford1 #ahca-cb1 #acs4 #f;d4 ,cambridge1 #ahcc1 #abs4 ,edinburgh1 #ahcd1 #aes4 ,dublin1 #ahce1 #acs4 #f;d4 ,bristol1 #ahcf1 #abs4 ,liverpool1 #ahcg1 #afs4 #f;d4 ,newcastle1 #ahch1 #aes4 ,birmingham1 #ahci1 #acs4 #f;d4 ,glasgow1 #ahdj1 #aes4 ,plymouth1 #ahda1 #acs4 #f;d4 ,manchester1 #ahdb1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,cork1 #ahdc1 #abs4 ,york1 #ahdd1 #bjs4 ,cambridge1 #ahde1 #abs4 ,southampton1 #ahdf1 #aes4 ,oxford1 #ahdg1 #ahs4 ,swansea1 #ahdh1 #is4 ,birmingham1 #ahdi1 #ajs4 ,edinburgh1 #ahej1 #aes4 ,ipswich1 #ahea1 #afs4 #f;d4 ,belfast1 #aheb1 #aes4 ,hull1 #ahec1 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,liverpool1 #ahed1 #ahs4 ,glasgow1 #ahee1 #aes42 ,cheltenham1 #ahef1 #ahs42 ,dublin1 #aheg1 #aes42 ,leeds1 #aheh1 #bjs42 ,aberdeen1 #ahei1 #aes4 ,,british ,,classics4 ,a ,new ,series of ,standard ,english ,authors1 printed from the most correct text1 and edited with elucidatory notes4 ,published occasionally in demy #hvo4 ,volumes1 varying in price4 ,already ,published4 ,,goldsmith',s ,,works4 ,edited by ,peter ,cunningham1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,vignettes4 #d ,vols4 #cjs4 ,,gibbon',s ,,decline ,,and ,,fall ,,of ,,the ,,roman ,,empire4 ,edited by ,william ,smith1 ,,ll4,d4 ,portrait and ,maps4 #h ,vols4 #fjs4 ,,johnson',s ,,lives ,,of ,,the ,,english ,,poets4 ,edited by ,peter ,cunningham1 ,f4,s4,a4 #c ,vols4 #bbs4 #f;d4 ,,byron',s ,,poetical ,,works4 ,edited1 with ,notes4 #f vols4 #des4 ,,works ,,of ,,pope4 ,with ,life1 ,introductions1 and ,notes1 by ,rev4 ,whitwell ,elwin4 ,portrait4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,in ,preparation4 ,,hume',s ,,history ,,of ,,england4 ,edited1 with ,notes4 ,,life1 ,,letters1 ,,and ,,journals ,,of ,,swift4 ,by ,john ,forster4 ,,works ,,of ,,swift4 ,edited by ,john ,forster4 ,,broughton',s 7,lord7 ,journey through ,albania and other ,provinces of ,turkey in ,europe and ,asia1 to ,constantinople1 #ahji-aj4 ,third ,edition4 ,maps and ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,visits to ,italy4 ,second ,edition4 #b vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,bubbles ,,from ,,the ,,brunnen ,,of ,,nassau4 ,by an ,old ,man4 ,sixth ,edition4 #afmo4 #es4 ,,bunbury',s 7,c4 ,j4 ,f47 ,journal of a ,residence at the ,cape of ,good ,hope2 with ,excursions into the ,interior1 and ,notes on the ,natural ,history and ,native ,tribes of the ,country4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,bunyan 7,john7 and ,oliver ,cromwell4 ,select ,biographies4 ,by ,robert ,southey4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,buonaparte',s 7,napoleon7 ,confidential ,correspondence with his ,brother ,joseph1 sometime ,king of ,spain4 ,second ,edition4 #b vols4 #hvo4 #bfs4 ,,burghersh',s 7,lord7 ,memoir of the ,operations of the ,allied ,armies under ,prince ,schwarzenberg and ,marshal ,blucher during the latter end of #ahac-ad4 #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,early ,campaigns of the ,duke of ,wellington in ,portugal and ,spain4 #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,,burgon',s 7,rev4 ,j4 ,w47 ,memoir of ,patrick ,fraser ,tytler1 author of ,the ,history of ,scotland4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,burn',s 7,lieut-,col47 ,french and ,english ,dictionary of ,naval and ,military ,technical ,terms4 ,third ,edition4 ,crown #hvo4 #aes4 ,,burns' 7,robert7 ,life4 ,by ,john ,gibson ,lockhart4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 ,,burr',s 7,g4 ,d47 ,instructions in ,practical ,surveying1 ,topographical ,plan ,drawing1 and on sketching ground without ,instruments4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,buttman',s ,,lexilogus2 a ,critical ,examination of the ,meaning of numerous ,greek ,words1 chiefly in ,homer and ,hesiod4 ,translated by ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,fishlake4 ,fifth ,edition4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,buxton',s 7,sir ,fowell7 ,memoirs4 ,with ,selections from his ,correspondence4 ,by his ,son4 ,portrait4 ,fifth ,edition1 #hvo4 #afs4 ,abridged ,edition1 ,portrait4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,byron',s 7,lord7 ,life1 ,letters1 and ,journals4 ,by ,thomas ,moore4 ,plates4 ,cabinet ,edition4 #f ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,life1 ,letters1 and ,journals4 ,by ,thomas ,moore4 ,people's ,edition4 ,portraits4 ,royal #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,library ,edition4 ,portrait4 #f ,vols4 #hvo4 #des4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,cabinet ,edition4 ,plates4 #aj ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,people's ,edition4 ,plates4 ,royal #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,handbook ,edition4 ,portrait4 ,crown #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,pocket ,edition4 #h ,vols4 #bdmo4 #bjs4 ---- ,childe ,harold4 ,illustrated with #hj ,wood ,engravings4 ,crown #dto4 #bas4 ---- ,childe ,harold4 ,illustrated with #cj ,vignettes on ,steel4 ,crown #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,childe ,harold4 ,pocket ,edition4 #afmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,childe ,harold4 ,portrait and ,vignettes4 #afmo4 #as4 ---- ,childe ,harold4 ,portrait4 #afmo4 #f;d4 ---- ,dramas4 #b ,vols4 #bdmo4 #es4 ---- ,tales and ,poems4 #bdmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,miscellaneous4 #b ,vols4 #bdmo4 #es4 ---- ,don ,juan and ,beppo4 #b ,vols4 #bdmo4 #es4 ---- ,beauties4 ,poetry and ,prose4 ,portrait1 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #c s4 #f;d4 ,,carnarvon',s 7,lord7 ,portugal1 ,gallicia1 and the ,basque ,provinces4 ,from ,notes made during a ,journey to those ,countries4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,address on the ,archology of ,berkshire4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ---- ,recollections of the ,druses of ,lebanon4 ,with ,notes on their ,religion4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,campbell',s 7,lord7 ,lives of the ,lord ,chancellors and ,keepers of the ,great ,seal of ,england4 ,from the ,earliest ,times to the ,death of ,lord ,eldon in #ahch4 ,fourth ,edition4 #aj ,vols4 ,crown #hvo4 #fs4 each4 ---- ,lives of the ,chief ,justices of ,england4 ,from the ,norman ,conquest to the ,death of ,lord ,tenterden4 ,second ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ---- ,shakspeare's ,legal ,acquirements ,considered4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ---- ,life of ,lord ,chancellor ,bacon4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- 7,george7 ,modern ,india4 ,a ,sketch of the ,system of ,civil ,government4 ,with some ,account of the ,natives and ,native ,institutions4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,india as it may be4 ,an ,outline of a proposed ,government and ,policy4 #hvo4 #abs4 ---- 7,thos47 ,short ,lives of the ,british ,poets4 ,with an ,essay on ,english ,poetry4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,calvin',s 7,john7 ,life4 ,with ,extracts from his ,correspondence4 ,by ,thomas ,h4 ,dyer4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,,callcott',s 7,lady7 ,little ,arthur's ,history of ,england4 #ajjth ,thousand4 ,with #bj ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,carmichael',s 7,a4 ,n47 ,greek ,verbs4 ,their ,formations1 ,irregularities1 and ,defects4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,,castlereagh 7,the7 ,,despatches1 from the commencement of the official career of the late ,viscount ,castlereagh to the close of his life4 ,edited by the ,marquis of ,londonderry4 #ab ,vols4 #hvo4 #ads4 each4 ,,cathcart',s 7,sir ,george7 ,commentaries on the ,war in ,russia and ,germany1 #ahab-ac4 ,plans4 #hvo4 #ads4 ---- ,military ,operations in ,kaffraria1 which led to the ,termination of the ,kaffir ,war4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,cavalcaselle 7,g4 ,b474 ,notices of the ,early ,flemish ,painters2 ,their ,lives and ,works4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,,chaillu',s 7,m4 du7 ,,explorations ,,and ,,adventures ,,in ,,equatorial ,,africa1 with ,accounts of the ,manners and ,customs of the ,people1 and of the ,chase of the ,gorilla1 the ,nest-building ,ape1 ,chimpanzee1 ,crocodile1 ,elephant1 ,hippopotamus1 c4 ,map and ,illustrations4 #hvo4 ,,chantrey 7,sir ,francis74 ,winged ,words on ,chantrey's ,woodcocks4 ,edited by ,jas4 ,p4 ,muirhead4 ,etchings4 ,square #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,charmed ,,roe 7,the72 or1 ,the ,story of the ,little ,brother and ,sister4 ,by ,otto ,speckter4 ,plates4 #afmo4 #es4 ,,clausewitz',s 7,carl ,von7 ,campaign of #ahab1 in ,russia4 ,translated from the ,german by ,lord ,ellesmere4 ,map4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,clive',s 7,lord7 ,life4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig1 ,m4,a4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,cobbold',s 7,rev4 ,r4 ,h47 ,pictures of the ,chinese drawn by themselves4 ,with #bd ,plates4 ,crown #hvo4 #is4 ,,colchester 7,lord74 ,the ,diary and ,correspondence of ,charles ,abbott1 ,lord ,colchester1 ,speaker of the ,house of ,commons1 #ahjb-ahag4 ,edited by ,his ,son4 ,portrait4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,coleridge',s 7,samuel ,taylor7 ,table-,talk4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,portrait4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ---- 7,henry ,nelson7 ,introductions to the ,greek ,classic ,poets4 ,third ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ---- 7,sir ,john7 on ,public ,school ,education1 with especial reference to ,eton4 ,third ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 ,,colonial ,,library4 ,see ,home and ,colonial ,library4 ,,cookery 7,domestic74 ,founded on ,principles of ,economy and ,practical ,knowledge1 and adapted for ,private ,families4 ,new ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,cornwallis 7,the7 ,papers and ,correspondence during the ,american ,war1--,administrations in ,india1--,union with ,ireland1 and ,peace of ,amiens4 ,edited by ,charles ,ross4 ,second ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #fcs4 ,,crabbe',s 7,rev4 ,george7 ,life1 ,letters1 and ,journals4 ,by his ,son4 ,portrait4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,cabinet ,edition4 ,plates4 #h ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bds4 ,,crabbe',s ,poetical ,works4 ,people's ,edition4 ,plates4 ,royal #hvo4 #gs4 ,,curzon',s 7,hon4 ,robert7 ,visits to the ,monasteries of the ,levant4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,armenia and ,erzeroum4 ,a ,year on the ,frontiers of ,russia1 ,turkey1 and ,persia4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,cunningham',s 7,allan7 ,life of ,sir ,david ,wilkie4 ,with his ,journals and ,critical ,remarks on ,works of ,art4 ,portrait4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ---- ,poems and ,songs4 ,now first collected and arranged1 with ,biographical ,notice4 #bdmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- 7,capt4 ,j4 ,d47 ,history of the ,sikhs4 ,from the ,origin of the ,nation to the ,battle of the ,sutlej4 ,second ,edition4 ,maps4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,,croker',s 7,j4 ,w47 ,progressive ,geography for ,children4 ,fifth ,edition4 #ahmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ---- ,stories for ,children1 ,selected from the ,history of ,england4 ,fifteenth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #afmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,boswell's ,life of ,johnson4 ,including the ,tour to the ,hebrides4 ,people's ,edition4 ,portraits4 ,royal #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,lord ,hervey's ,memoirs of the ,reign of ,george the ,second1 from his ,accession to the death of ,queen ,caroline4 ,edited with ,notes4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,essays on the ,early ,period of the ,french ,revolution4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,historical ,essay on the ,guillotine4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,cromwell 7,oliver7 and ,john ,bunyan4 ,by ,robert ,southey4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,crowe',s 7,j4 ,a47 ,notices of the ,early ,flemish ,painters2 their ,lives and ,works4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,,cureton 7,rev4 ,w47 ,remains of a very ,ancient ,recension of the ,four ,gospels in ,syriac1 hitherto unknown in ,europe4 ,discovered1 ,edited1 and ,translated4 #dto4 #bds4 ,,darwin',s 7,charles7 ,journal of ,researches into the ,natural ,history and ,geology of the ,countries visited during a ,voyage round the ,world4 ,tenth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,origin of ,species by ,means of ,natural ,selection2 or1 the ,preservation of ,favoured ,races in the ,struggle for ,life4 ,seventh ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #ads4 ,,davy',s 7,sir ,humphry7 ,consolations in ,travel2 or1 ,last ,days of a ,philosopher4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,salmonia2 or1 ,days of ,fly ,fishing4 ,with some ,account of the ,habits of ,fishes belonging to the genus ,salmo4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,,delepierre',s 7,octave7 ,history of ,flemish ,literature and its celebrated ,authors4 ,from the ,twelfth ,century to the present ,day4 #hvo4 #is4 ,,dennis' 7,george7 ,cities and ,cemeteries of ,etruria4 ,plates4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,dixon',s 7,hepworth7 ,personal ,history of ,lord ,bacon2 from unpublished ,papers4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,dog-,,breaking2 the ,most ,expeditious1 ,certain1 and ,easy ,method1 whether great excellence or only mediocrity be required4 ,by ,lieut4-,col4 ,hutchinson4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,domestic ,,modern ,,cookery4 ,founded on ,principles of ,economy and ,practical ,knowledge1 and adapted for ,private ,families4 ,new ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,douglas',s 7,general ,sir ,howard7 ,treatise on the ,theory and ,practice of ,gunnery4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,plates4 #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,treatise on ,military ,bridges1 and the ,passages of ,rivers in ,military ,operations4 ,third ,edition4 ,plates4 #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,naval ,warfare with ,steam4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ---- ,modern ,systems of ,fortification1 with special reference to the ,naval1 ,littoral1 and ,internal ,defence of ,england4 ,plans4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,drake',s 7,sir ,francis7 ,life1 ,voyages1 and ,exploits1 by ,sea and ,land4 ,by ,john ,barrow4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,drinkwater',s 7,john7 ,history of the ,siege of ,gibraltar1 #aggi-aghc4 ,with a ,description and ,account of that ,garrison from the ,earliest ,periods4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,dudley',s 7,earl of7 ,letters to the late ,bishop of ,llandaff4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,dufferin',s 7,lord7 ,letters from ,high ,latitudes1 being some ,account of a ,yacht ,voyage to ,iceland1 c41 in #ahef4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,durham',s 7,admiral ,sir ,philip7 ,naval ,life and ,services4 ,by ,capt4 ,alexander ,murray4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,dyer',s 7,thomas ,h47 ,life and ,letters of ,john ,calvin4 ,compiled from authentic ,sources4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,new ,history of ,modern ,europe1 from the taking of ,constantinople by the ,turks to the close of the ,war in the ,crimea ,vols4 #a #b4 #hvo4 ,nearly ,ready4 ,,eastlake',s 7,sir ,charles7 ,italian ,schools of ,painting4 ,from the ,german of ,kugler4 ,edited1 with ,notes4 ,third ,edition4 ,illustrated from the ,old ,masters4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,eastwick',s 7,e4 ,b47 ,handbook for ,bombay and ,madras1 with ,directions for ,travellers1 ,officers1 c4 ,map4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ,,ebury',s 7,lord7 ,leaves from my ,journal during the ,summer of #ahea4 ,second ,edition4 ,plates4 ,post #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,edwards' 7,w4 ,h47 ,voyage up the ,river ,amazon1 including a ,visit to ,para4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,egerton',s 7,hon4 ,capt4 ,francis7 ,journal of a ,winter's ,tour in ,india2 with a ,visit to ,nepaul4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,eldon',s 7,lord7 ,public and ,private ,life1 with ,selections from his ,correspondence and ,diaries4 ,by ,horace ,twiss4 ,third ,edition4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ,,eliot',s 7,hon4 ,w4 ,g4 ,c47 ,khans of the ,crimea4 ,being a ,narrative of an ,embassy from ,frederick the ,great to the ,court of ,krim ,gerai4 ,translated from the ,german4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,ellis 7,rev4 ,w47 ,visits to ,madagascar1 including a ,journey to the ,capital1 with notices of ,natural ,history1 and ,present ,civilisation of the ,people4 ,fifth ,thousand4 ,map and ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #afs4 ---- 7,mrs47 ,education of ,character1 with ,hints on ,moral ,training4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,ellesmere',s 7,lord7 ,two ,sieges of ,vienna by the ,turks4 ,translated from the ,german4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,second ,campaign of ,radetzky in ,piedmont4 ,the ,defence of ,temeswar and the ,camp of the ,ban4 ,from the ,german4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- ,campaign of #ahab in ,russia1 from the ,german of ,general ,carl ,von ,clausewitz4 ,map4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,pilgrimage1 and other ,poems4 ,crown #dto4 #bds4 ---- ,essays on ,history1 ,biography1 ,geography1 and ,engineering4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,elphinstone',s 7,hon4 ,mountstuart7 ,history of ,india--the ,hindoo and ,mahomedan ,periods4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,with an ,index4 ,map4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,england 7,history of7 from the ,peace of ,utrecht to the ,peace of ,versailles1 #agac-hc4 ,by ,lord ,mahon4 ,library ,edition1 #g ,vols4 #hvo4 #ics4 ---- ,popular ,edition1 #g ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ces4 ---- ,from the ,first ,invasion by the ,romans1 down to the #adth year of ,queen ,victoria's ,reign4 ,by ,mrs4 ,markham4 #aahth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #fs4 ---- ,social1 ,political1 and ,industrial1 in the #aith ,century4 ,by ,w4 ,johnston4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,englishwoman ,,in ,,america4 ,second ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,russia4 ,fifth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,eothen2 or1 ,traces of ,travel brought ,home from the ,east4 ,a ,new ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,erskine',s 7,admiral7 ,journal of a ,cruise among the ,islands of the ,western ,pacific1 including the ,fejees1 and others inhabited by the ,polynesian ,negro ,races4 ,plates4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,eskimaux and ,english ,vocabulary1 for ,travellers in the ,arctic ,regions4 #afmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,essays ,,from ,,the ,,times4 ,being a ,selection from the ,literary ,papers which have appeared in that ,journal4 ,seventh ,thousand4 #b vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #hs4 ,,exeter',s 7,bishop of7 ,letters to the late ,charles ,butler1 on the ,theological parts of his ,book of the ,roman ,catholic ,church2 with ,remarks on certain ,works of ,dr4 ,milner and ,dr4 ,lingard1 and on some parts of the ,evidence of ,dr4 ,doyle4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,fairy ,,ring2 ,a ,collection of ,tales and ,stories4 ,from the ,german4 ,by ,j4 ,e4 ,taylor4 ,illustrated by ,richard ,doyle4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,,falkner',s 7,fred47 ,muck ,manual for the ,use of ,farmers4 ,a ,treatise on the ,nature and ,value of ,manures4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,family ,,receipt-,,book4 ,a ,collection of a ,thousand ,valuable and ,useful ,receipts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,fancourt',s 7,col47 ,history of ,yucatan1 from its ,discovery to the ,close of the #agth ,century4 ,with ,map4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,farrar',s 7,rev4 ,a4 ,s47 ,science in ,theology4 ,sermons ,preached before the ,university of ,oxford4 #hvo4 #is4 ---- 7,f4 ,w47 ,origin of ,language1 based on ,modern ,researches4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,featherstonhaugh',s 7,g4 ,w47 ,tour through the ,slave ,states of ,north ,america1 from the ,river ,potomac to ,texas and the ,frontiers of ,mexico4 ,plates4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bfs4 ,,fellows' 7,sir ,charles7 ,travels and ,researches in ,asia ,minor1 more particularly in the ,province of ,lydia4 ,new ,edition4 ,plates4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,fergusson',s 7,james7 ,palaces of ,nineveh and ,persepolis ,restored3 an ,essay on ,ancient ,assyrian and ,persian ,architecture4 ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,handbook of ,architecture4 ,being a ,concise and ,popular ,account of the ,different ,styles prevailing in all ,ages and ,countries in the ,world4 ,with a ,description of the most remarkable ,buildings4 ,fourth ,thousand4 ,with #hej ,illustrations4 #hvo4 #bfs4 ,,ferrier',s 7,t4 ,p47 ,caravan ,journeys in ,persia1 ,afghanistan1 ,herat1 ,turkistan1 and ,beloochistan1 with ,descriptions of ,meshed1 ,balk1 and ,candahar1 c4 ,second ,edition4 ,map4 #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,history of the ,afghans4 ,map4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,,feuerbach',s ,remarkable ,german ,crimes and ,trials4 ,translated from the ,german by ,lady ,duff ,gordon4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,fisher',s 7,rev4 ,george7 ,elements of ,geometry1 for the ,use of ,schools4 ,fifth ,edition4 #ahmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ---- ,first ,principles of ,algebra1 for the ,use of ,schools4 ,fifth ,edition4 #ahmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,flower ,,garden 7,the74 ,an ,essay4 ,by ,rev4 ,thos4 ,james4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,forbes' 7,c4 ,s47 ,iceland2 its ,volcanoes1 ,geysers1 and ,glaciers4 ,illustrations4 ,post #hvo4 #ads4 ,,ford',s 7,richard7 ,handbook for ,spain1 ,andalusia1 ,ronda1 ,valencia1 ,catalonia1 ,granada1 ,gallicia1 ,arragon1 ,navarre1 c4 ,third ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,gatherings from ,spain4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,forster',s1 7,john74 ,arrest of the ,five ,members by ,charles the ,first4 ,a ,chapter of ,english ,history re-written4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,debates on the ,grand ,remonstrance1 #afda4 ,with an ,introductory ,essay on ,english freedom under the ,plantagenet and ,tudor ,sovereigns4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,oliver ,cromwell1 ,daniel ,de ,foe1 ,sir ,richard ,steele1 ,charles ,churchill1 ,samuel ,foote4 ,biographical ,essays4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,,forsyth',s 7,william7 ,hortensius1 or the ,advocate3 an ,historical ,essay on the ,office and ,duties of an ,advocate4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,history of ,napoleon at ,st4 ,helena4 ,from the ,letters and ,journals of ,sir ,hudson ,lowe4 ,portrait and ,maps4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #des4 ,,fortune',s 7,robert7 ,narrative of ,two ,visits to the ,tea ,countries of ,china1 between the years #ahdc-eb1 with full ,descriptions of the ,tea ,plant4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,chinese1 ,inland1 on the ,coast1 and at ,sea4 ,a ,narrative of a ,third ,visit in #ahec-ef4 ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,france 7,history of74 ,from the ,conquests by the ,gauls to the ,death of ,louis ,philippe4 ,by ,mrs4 ,markham4 #efth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #fs4 ,,french 7,the7 in ,algiers2 ,the ,soldier of the ,foreign ,legion--and the ,prisoners--,abd-el-,kadir4 ,translated by ,lady ,duff ,gordon4 ,post #hvo4 #f;d4 ,,galton',s 7,francis7 ,art of ,travel2 or1 ,hints on the ,shifts and ,contrivances available in ,wild ,countries4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,geographical 7,the7 ,journal4 ,published by the ,royal ,geographical ,society of ,london4 #hvo4 ,,germany 7,history of74 ,from the ,invasion by ,marius1 to the present time4 ,on the plan of ,mrs4 ,markham4 ,fifteenth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #fs4 ,,gibbon',s 7,edward7 ,history of the ,decline and ,fall of the ,roman ,empire4 ,a ,new ,edition4 ,preceded by his ,autobiography4 ,edited1 with ,notes1 by ,dr4 ,wm4 ,smith4 ,maps4 #h ,vols4 #hvo4 #fjs4 ---- 7,the ,student's ,gibbon72 ,being an ,epitome of the ,decline and ,fall1 incorporating the ,researches of ,recent ,commentators4 ,by ,dr4 ,wm4 ,smith4 ,sixth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,giffard',s 7,edward7 ,deeds of ,naval ,daring2 or1 ,anecdotes of the ,british ,navy4 #b ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,gisborne',s 7,thomas7 ,essays on ,agriculture4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 ,,gladstone',s 7,w4 ,e47 ,prayers arranged from the ,liturgy for ,family ,use4 ,second ,edition4 #abmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,goldsmith',s 7,oliver7 ,works4 ,a ,new ,edition4 ,printed from the last editions revised by the ,author4 ,edited by ,peter ,cunningham4 ,vignettes4 #d ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 7,murray's ,british ,classics47 ,,gleig',s 7,rev4 ,g4 ,r47 ,campaigns of the ,british ,army at ,washington and ,new ,orleans4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,story of the ,battle of ,waterloo4 ,compiled from ,public and ,authentic ,sources4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ---- ,narrative of ,sir ,robert ,sale's ,brigade in ,afghanistan1 with an ,account of the ,seizure and ,defence of ,jellalabad4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life of ,robert ,lord ,clive4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ---- ,life and ,letters of ,general ,sir ,thomas ,munro4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ,,gordon',s 7,sir ,alex4 ,duff7 ,sketches of ,german ,life1 and ,scenes from the ,war of ,liberation4 ,from the ,german4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- 7,lady ,duff7 ,amber-,witch3 the most interesting ,trial for ,witchcraft ever known4 ,from the ,german4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,french in ,algiers4 #a4 ,the ,soldier of the ,foreign ,legion4 #b4 ,the ,prisoners of ,abd-el-,kadir4 ,from the ,french4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,remarkable ,german ,crimes and ,trials4 ,from the ,german4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,gouger',s 7,henry7 ,personal ,narrative of ,two ,years' ,imprisonment in ,burmah4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,,grant',s 7,asahel7 ,nestorians1 or the ,lost ,tribes2 containing ,evidence of their ,identity1 their ,manners1 ,customs1 and ,ceremonies2 with ,sketches of ,travel in ,ancient ,assyria1 ,armenia1 and ,mesopotamia2 and ,illustrations of ,scripture ,prophecy4 ,third ,edition4 ,fcap #hvo4 #fs4 ,,grenville 7,the7 ,,papers4 ,being the ,public and ,private ,correspondence of ,george ,grenville1 his ,friends and ,contemporaries1 during a period of #cj years4 ,including his ,diary of ,political ,events while ,first ,lord of the ,treasury4 ,edited1 with ,notes1 by ,w4 ,j4 ,smith4 #d ,vols4 #hvo4 #afs4 each4 ,,greek ,,grammar ,,for ,,schools4 ,abridged from ,matthi4 ,by the ,bishop of ,london4 ,ninth ,edition1 revised by ,rev4 ,j4 ,edwards4 #abmo4 #cs4 ,,grey',s 7,sir ,george7 ,polynesian ,mythology1 and ,ancient ,traditional ,history of the ,new ,zealand ,race4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,grote',s 7,george7 ,history of ,greece4 ,from the ,earliest ,times to the close of the generation contemporary with the death of ,alexander the ,great4 ,third ,edition4 ,portrait and ,maps4 #ab vols4 #hvo4 #afs4 each4 ---- ,plato's ,doctrine on the ,rotation of the ,earth1 and ,aristotle's ,comment upon that ,doctrine4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ---- 7,mrs47 ,memoir of the ,life of the late ,ary ,scheffer4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 ,post #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,,gustavus ,,vasa 7,history of71 ,king of ,sweden4 ,with ,extracts from his ,correspondence4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,hallam',s 7,henry7 ,constitutional ,history of ,england1 from the ,accession of ,henry the ,seventh to the ,death of ,george the ,second4 ,seventh ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,history of ,europe during the ,middle ,ages4 ,tenth ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,introduction to the ,literary ,history of ,europe1 during the #afth1 #agth1 and #ahth ,centuries4 ,fourth ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ---- ,literary ,essays and ,characters4 ,selected from the last work4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 ---- ,historical ,works4 ,complete4 ,containing--,history of ,england1--,middle ,ages of ,europe1--and ,literary ,history of ,europe4 ,cabinet ,edition4 #aj ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 each4 ,,hamilton',s 7,james7 ,wanderings in ,northern ,africa1 ,benghazi1 ,cyrene1 the ,oasis of ,siwah1 c4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- 7,walter7 ,hindostan1 ,geographically1 ,statistically1 and ,historically4 ,map4 #b ,vols4 #dto4 #ids4 #f;d4 ,,hampden',s 7,bishop7 ,philosophical ,evidence of ,christianity1 or the ,credibility obtained to a ,scripture ,revelation from its ,coincidence with the ,facts of ,nature4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,harcourt',s 7,edward ,vernon7 ,sketch of ,madeira2 with ,map and ,plates4 ,post #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,,hart',s ,,army ,,list4 7,quarterly and ,annually47 #hvo4 ,,hay',s 7,j4 ,h4 ,drummond7 ,western ,barbary1 its wild ,tribes and savage ,animals4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,heber',s 7,bishop7 ,parish ,sermons2 on the ,lessons1 the ,gospel1 or the ,epistle1 for every ,sunday in the ,year1 and for ,week-day ,festivals4 ,sixth ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,sermons ,preached in ,england4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ---- ,hymns written and adapted for the ,weekly ,church ,service of the ,year4 ,twelfth ,edition4 #afmo4 #bs4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,portrait4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,journey through the ,upper ,provinces of ,india1 ,from ,calcutta to ,bombay1 with a ,journey to ,madras and the ,southern ,provinces1 ,twelfth ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,,hand-,,book--,,travel-,,talk4 ,in ,english1 ,german1 ,french1 and ,italian4 #ahmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,north ,,germany1 ,holland1 ,belgium1 and the ,rhine to ,switzerland4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,,south ,,germany1 ,bavaria1 ,austria1 ,salzberg1 the ,austrian and ,bavarian ,alps1 the ,tyrol1 and the ,danube1 from ,ulm to the ,black ,sea4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,,painting4 ,the ,german1 ,flemish1 and ,dutch ,schools4 ,based on ,kugler4 ,edited by ,dr4 ,waagen4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ---- ,,switzerland1 ,alps of ,savoy1 and ,piedmont4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,,france1 ,normandy1 ,brittany1 the ,french ,alps1 the ,rivers ,loire1 ,seine1 ,rhone1 and ,garonne1 ,dauphin1 ,provence1 and the ,pyrenees4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,,paris and its ,environs4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 7,nearly ,ready47 ---- ,,spain1 ,andalusia1 ,ronda1 ,granada1 ,valencia1 ,catalonia1 ,gallicia1 ,arragon1 and ,navarre4 ,maps4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,,portugal1 ,lisbon1 c4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,,north ,,italy1 ,sardinia1 ,genoa1 the ,riviera1 ,venice1 ,lombardy1 and ,tuscany4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,,central ,,italy1 ,florence1 ,south ,tuscany1 and the ,papal ,states4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,,rome and its ,environs4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,,south ,,italy1 ,naples1 ,pompeii1 ,herculaneum1 ,vesuvius1 c4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,,sicily4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 7,in the ,press47 ---- ,,painting4 ,the ,italian ,schools4 ,from the ,german of ,kugler4 ,edited by ,sir ,charles ,eastlake1 ,r4 ,a4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,,early ,,italian ,,painters ,,and ,progress of ,painting in ,italy4 ,by ,mrs4 ,jameson4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,,italian ,,painters4 ,a ,short ,biographical ,dictionary4 ,by ,a ,lady4 ,edited by ,ralph ,wornum4 ,with a ,chart4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,greece1 ,ionian ,islands1 ,albania1 ,thessaly1 and ,macedonia4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,,turkey1 ,malta1 ,asia ,minor1 ,constantinople1 ,armenia1 ,mesopotamia1 c4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 ---- ,,egypt1 ,thebes1 the ,nile1 ,alexandria1 ,cairo1 the ,pyramids1 ,mount ,sinai1 c4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,,syria ,,palestine4 ,maps4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ---- ,,bombay ,,and ,,madras4 ,map4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ---- ,,denmark1 ,norway and ,sweden4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #aes4 ,,hand-,,book--,,russia1 the ,baltic and ,finland4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,,kent ,,and ,,sussex4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,,surrey1 ,,hants1 and ,isle of ,wight4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,modern ,,london4 ,a ,complete ,guide to the ,metropolis4 ,map4 #afmo4 #es4 ---- ,,london1 ,past and ,present4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,,westminster ,,abbey4 ,woodcuts4 #afmo4 #as4 ---- ,,environs ,,of ,,london4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 7,in preparation47 ---- ,,berks1 ,,bucks1 ,,and ,,oxfordshire4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,wilts1 ,,dorset1 ,,and ,,somerset4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,devon ,,and ,,cornwall4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,cathedrals ,,of ,,england4 ,southern ,division4 ,winchester1 ,salisbury1 ,exeter1 ,wells1 ,chichester1 ,rochester1 ,canterbury4 ,with #aej ,illustrations4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ---- ,,south ,,wales4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ---- ,,familiar ,,quotations4 ,from ,english ,authors4 ,third ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ---- ,,architecture4 ,in all ,ages and ,countries4 ,by ,james ,fergusson4 ,fourth ,thousand4 ,with #hej ,illustrations4 #hvo4 #bfs4 ---- ,,arts of ,,the ,,middle ,,ages4 ,by ,m4 ,jules ,labarte4 ,with #bjj ,illustrations4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,head',s 7,sir ,francis7 ,horse and his ,rider4 ,fourth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ---- ,rapid ,journeys across the ,pampas and over the ,andes4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,descriptive ,essays4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,bubbles from the ,brunnen of ,nassau4 ,by an ,old ,man4 ,sixth ,edition4 #afmo4 #es4 ---- ,emigrant4 ,sixth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,stokers and ,pokers2 or1 the ,north-,western ,railway4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,defenceless ,state of ,great ,britain4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,faggot of ,french ,sticks2 or1 ,sketches of ,paris4 ,new ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,fortnight in ,ireland4 ,second ,edition4 ,map4 #hvo4 #abs4 ---- 7,sir ,george7 ,forest ,scenes and ,incidents in ,canada4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 ---- ,home ,tour through the ,manufacturing ,districts of ,england4 ,third ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- 7,sir ,edmund7 ,shall and ,will2 or1 ,two ,chapters on ,future ,auxiliary ,verbs4 ,second ,edition1 ,enlarged4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ds4 ,,heiress 7,the7 in ,her ,minority2 or1 ,the ,progress of ,character4 ,by the ,author of ,bertha's ,journal4 #b ,vols4 #abmo4 #ahs4 ,,herodotus4 ,a ,new ,english ,version1 from the ,text of ,gaisford4 ,edited with copious ,notes and ,essays1 from the most recent sources of information1 historical and ethnographical1 which have been obtained in the progress of cuneiform and hieroglyphical discovery4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,rawlinson1 assisted by ,sir ,henry ,rawlinson and ,sir ,j4 ,g4 ,wilkinson4 ,second ,edition4 ,maps and ,woodcuts4 #d ,vols4 #hvo4 ,,hervey',s 7,lord7 ,memoirs of the ,reign of ,george the ,second1 from his ,accession to the ,death of ,queen ,caroline4 ,edited1 with ,notes by ,mr4 ,croker4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,,hessey 7,rev4 ,dr474 ,sunday--,its ,origin1 ,history1 and ,present ,obligations4 ,being the ,bampton ,lectures for #ahfj4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,hickman',s 7,wm47 ,treatise on the ,law and ,practice of ,naval ,courts-,martial4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,hillard',s 7,g4 ,s47 ,six ,months in ,italy4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #afs4 ,,holland',s 7,rev4 ,w4 ,b47 ,psalms and ,hymns1 selected and adapted to the various ,solemnities of the ,church4 ,third ,edition4 #bdmo4 #as4 #c;d4 ,,hollway',s 7,j4 ,g47 ,month in ,norway4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 ,,honey ,,bee 7,the74 ,an ,essay4 ,by ,rev4 ,thomas ,james4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,hook',s 7,dean7 ,church ,dictionary4 ,eighth ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,discourses on the ,religious ,controversies of the ,day4 #hvo4 #is4 ---- 7,theodore7 ,life4 ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,lockhart4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,hooker',s 7,dr4 ,j4 ,d47 ,himalayan ,journals2 or1 ,notes of an ,oriental ,naturalist in ,bengal1 the ,sikkim and ,nepal ,himalayas1 the ,khasia ,mountains1 c4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #b vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,hooper',s 7,lieut47 ,ten ,months among the ,tents of the ,tuski2 with ,incidents of an ,arctic ,boat ,expedition in ,search of ,sir ,john ,franklin4 ,plates1 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,hope',s 7,a4 ,j4 ,beresford7 ,english ,cathedral of the ,nineteenth ,century4 ,with ,illustrations4 #hvo4 ,,horace 7,works of74 ,edited by ,dean ,milman4 ,with #cjj ,woodcuts4 ,crown #hvo4 #bas4 ---- 7,life of74 ,by ,dean ,milman4 ,woodcuts1 and coloured ,borders4 #hvo4 #is4 ,,hospitals ,,and ,,sisterhoods4 ,by a ,lady4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,houstoun',s 7,mrs47 ,yacht ,voyage to ,texas and the ,gulf of ,mexico4 ,plates4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ,,home ,,and ,,colonial ,,library4 ,a ,series of ,works adapted for all classes of ,readers4 ,post #hvo4 ,published in ,parts at #bs4 #f;d4 each4 ,those ,works with a 99 are in ,two ,parts4 ,,voyages1 ,,travels1 ,,and ,,adventures4 99,,the ,,bible ,,in ,,spain4 ,by ,george ,borrow4 99,,journals ,,in ,,india4 ,by ,bishop ,heber4 #d ,parts4 ,,travels ,,in ,,the ,,holy ,,land4 ,by ,captains ,irby and ,mangles4 ,,morocco ,,and ,,the ,,moors4 ,by ,j4 ,drummond ,hay4 ,,letters ,,from ,,the ,,baltic4 ,by a ,lady4 ,,new ,,south ,,wales4 ,by ,mrs4 ,meredith4 ,,father ,,ripa',s ,,memoirs ,,of ,,the ,,court ,,of ,,hina4 ,a ,,residence ,,in ,,the ,,west ,,indies4 ,by ,m4 ,g4 ,lewis4 99,,sketches ,,of ,,persia4 ,by ,sir ,john ,malcolm4 99,,gipsies ,,of ,,spain4 ,by ,george ,borrow4 99,,typee ,,and ,,omoo2 ,,or1 ,,the ,,marquesas ,,and ,,south ,,seas4 ,by ,hermann ,melville4 #d ,parts4 ,,missionary ,,life ,,in ,,canada4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,abbott4 ,,letters ,,from ,,madras4 ,by a ,lady4 99,,highland ,,sports4 ,by ,charles ,st4 ,john4 ,,journeys ,,across ,,the ,,pampas4 ,by ,sir ,f4 ,b4 ,head4 99,,gatherings ,,from ,,spain4 ,by ,richard ,ford4 ,a ,,voyage ,,up ,,the ,,river ,,amazon4 ,by ,w4 ,h4 ,edwards4 ,,manners ,,customs ,,of ,,india4 ,by ,rev4 ,c4 ,acland4 99,,adventures ,,in ,,mexico4 ,by ,g4 ,f4 ,ruxton4 99,,portugal ,,and ,,gallicia4 ,by ,lord ,carnarvon4 ,,bush ,,life ,,in ,,australia4 ,by ,h4 ,w4 ,haygarth4 ,,adventures ,,in ,,the ,,libyan ,,desert4 ,by ,bayle ,st4 ,john4 99,a ,,residence ,,at ,,sierra ,,leone4 ,by a ,lady4 ,,history1 ,,biography1 ,,and ,,historic ,,tales4 ,,the ,,siege ,,of ,,gibraltar4 ,by ,john ,drinkwater4 ,,the ,,amber-,,witch4 ,by ,lady ,duff ,gordon4 ,,oliver ,,cromwell ,,john ,,bunyan4 ,by ,robert ,southey4 ,,life ,,of ,,sir ,,francis ,,drake4 ,by ,john ,barrow4 ,,the ,,french ,,in ,,algiers4 ,by ,lady ,duff ,gordon4 ,,history ,,of ,,the ,,fall ,,of ,,the ,,jesuits4 99,,life ,,of ,,louis1 ,,prince ,,of ,,conde4 ,by ,lord ,mahon4 ,,livonian ,,tales4 ,by a ,lady4 ,,sale',s ,,brigade ,,in ,,affghanistan4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 ,,sieges ,,of ,,vienna ,,by ,,the ,,turks4 ,by ,lord ,ellesmere4 99,,sketches ,,of ,,german ,,life4 ,by ,sir ,a4 ,gordon4 99,,story ,,of ,,battle ,,of ,,waterloo4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 ,,the ,,wayside ,,cross4 ,by ,capt4 ,milman4 ,,campaigns ,,at ,,washington4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 99,,life ,,of ,,lord ,,clive4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 ,,the ,,autobiography ,,of ,,henry ,,steffens4 99,,short ,,lives ,,of ,,the ,,poets4 ,by ,thomas ,campbell4 99,,historical ,,essays4 ,by ,lord ,mahon4 ,,london ,,north-,,western ,,railway4 ,by ,sir ,f4 ,b4 ,head4 99,,life ,,of ,,general ,,munro4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 ,,hume 7,the ,student's74 ,a ,history of ,england1 from the ,invasion of ,julius ,csar to the ,revolution of #afhh4 ,by ,david ,hume4 ,correcting his errors1 and continued to #aheh4 ,fifteenth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,hutchinson 7,col47 on the most expeditious1 certain1 and easy ,method of ,dog-,breaking4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,hutton',s 7,h4 ,e47 ,principia ,grca2 an ,introduction to the ,study of ,greek4 ,comprehending ,grammar1 ,delectus1 and ,exercise-book1 with ,vocabularies4 ,second ,edition4 #abmo4 #cs4 ,,irby ,,and ,,mangles' ,travels in ,egypt1 ,nubia1 ,syria1 and the ,holy ,land4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,james' 7,rev4 ,thomas7 ,fables of sop4 ,a ,new ,translation1 with ,historical ,preface4 ,with #ajj ,woodcuts by ,tenniel and ,wolf4 ,thirty-eighth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,jameson',s 7,mrs47 ,early ,italian ,painters1 from ,cimabue to ,bassano1 and the ,progress of ,painting in ,italy4 ,new ,edition4 ,with ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ,,jervis',s 7,capt47 ,manual of ,operations in the ,field4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,jesse',s 7,edward7 ,visits to ,spots of ,interest in the ,vicinity of ,windsor and ,eton4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,scenes and ,occupations of ,country ,life4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,gleanings in ,natural ,history4 ,eighth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,,johnson',s 7,dr4 ,samuel7 ,life4 ,by ,james ,boswell4 ,including the ,tour to the ,hebrides4 ,edited by the late ,mr4 ,croker4 ,people's ,edition4 ,portraits4 ,royal #hvo4 #ajs4 sewed2 #abs4 cloth4 ---- ,lives of the most eminent ,english ,poets4 ,edited by ,peter ,cunningham4 #c vols4 #hvo4 #bbs4 #f;d4 7,murray's ,british ,classics47 ,,johnston',s 7,wm47 ,england3 ,social1 ,political1 and ,industrial1 in #aith ,century4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,journal ,,of ,a ,,naturalist4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,jowett 7,rev4 ,b47 on ,st4 ,paul's ,epistles to the ,thessalonians1 ,galatians1 and ,romans4 ,second ,edition4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,jones' 7,rev4 ,r47 ,literary ,remains4 ,with a ,prefatory ,notice4 ,by ,rev4 ,w4 ,whewell1 ,d4,d4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,ken',s 7,bishop7 ,life4 ,by ,a ,layman4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,exposition of the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,extracted from his ,practice of ,divine ,love4 ,new ,edition4 ,fcap4 #as4 #f;d4 ---- ,approach to the ,holy ,altar4 ,extracted from his ,manual of ,prayer and ,practice of ,divine ,love4 ,new ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,king',s 7,rev4 ,s4 ,w47 ,italian ,valleys of the ,alps2 a ,tour through all the ,romantic and less-frequented ,vals of ,northern ,piedmont4 ,illustrations4 ,crown #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- 7,rev4 ,c4 ,w47 ,antique ,gems2 their ,origin1 ,use1 and ,value1 as ,interpreters of ,ancient ,history1 and as illustrative of ,ancient ,art4 ,illustrations4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,king ,,edward ,v,ith's ,latin ,grammar2 or1 an ,introduction to the ,latin ,tongue1 for the ,use of ,schools4 ,fifteenth ,edition4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,first ,latin ,book2 or1 the ,accidence1 ,syntax1 and ,prosody1 with an ,english ,translation for the ,use of ,junior ,classes4 ,fourth ,edition4 #abmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,kinglake',s 7,a4 ,w47 ,history of the ,war in the ,crimea4 ,based chiefly upon the ,private ,papers of ,field ,marshal ,lord ,raglan1 and other authentic materials4 ,vols4 ,i4 and ,,ii4 #hvo4 ,in ,preparation4 ,,knapp',s 7,j4 ,a47 ,english ,roots and ,ramifications2 or1 the ,derivation and ,meaning of ,divers ,words4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ds4 ,,kugler',s ,italian ,schools of ,painting4 ,edited1 with ,notes1 by ,sir ,charles ,eastlake4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,german1 ,dutch1 and ,flemish ,schools of ,painting4 ,edited1 with ,notes1 by ,dr4 ,waagen4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ,,labarte',s 7,m4 ,jules7 ,handbook of the ,arts of the ,middle ,ages and ,renaissance4 ,with #bjj ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,laborde',s 7,leon de7 ,journey through ,arabia ,petra1 to ,mount ,sinai1 and the ,excavated ,city of ,petra1--the ,edom of the ,prophecies4 ,second ,edition4 ,with ,plates4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,lane',s 7,e4 ,w47 ,manners and ,customs of the ,modern ,egyptians4 ,a ,new ,edition1 with ,additions and ,improvements by the ,author4 ,edited by ,e4 ,stanley ,poole4 ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,latin ,,grammar 7,king ,edward ,v,ith's74 ,for the ,use of ,schools4 ,fifteenth ,edition4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,first ,book 7,king ,edward ,v,ith's72 or1 the ,accidence1 ,syntax1 and ,prosody1 with ,english ,translation for ,junior ,classes4 ,fourth ,edition4 #abmo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,layard',s 7,a4 ,h47 ,nineveh and its ,remains4 ,being a ,narrative of ,researches and ,discoveries amidst the ,ruins of ,assyria4 ,with an ,account of the ,chaldean ,christians of ,kurdistan2 the ,yezedis1 or ,devil-worshippers2 and an ,enquiry into the ,manners and ,arts of the ,ancient ,assyrians4 ,sixth ,edition4 ,plates and ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ---- ,nineveh and ,babylon2 being the ,result of a ,second ,expedition to ,assyria4 ,fourteenth ,thousand4 ,plates4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,or ,fine ,paper1 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,popular ,account of ,nineveh4 #aeth ,edition4 ,with ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ,,leslie',s 7,c4 ,r47 ,handbook for ,young ,painters4 ,with ,illustrations4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,autobiographical ,recollections1 with ,selections from his ,correspondence4 ,edited by ,tom ,taylor4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,life of ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds4 ,with an ,account of his ,works1 and a ,sketch of his ,contemporaries4 ,fcap4 #dto4 ,in the ,press4 ,,leake',s 7,col47 ,topography of ,athens1 with ,remarks on its ,antiquities2 to which is added1 the ,demi of ,attica4 ,second ,edition4 ,plates4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,travels in ,northern ,greece4 ,maps4 #d ,vols4 #hvo4 #fjs4 ---- ,disputed ,questions of ,ancient ,geography4 ,map4 #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- ,numismata ,hellenica1 and ,supplement4 ,completing a descriptive ,catalogue of ,twelve ,thousand ,greek ,coins1 with ,notes ,geographical and ,historical4 ,with ,map and ,appendix4 #dto4 #fcs4 ---- ,peloponnesiaca3 ,a ,supplement to ,travels in the ,morea4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,thoughts on the ,degradation of ,science in ,england4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,letters ,,from ,,the ,,shores ,,of ,,the ,,baltic4 ,by a ,lady4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,madras2 or1 ,life and ,manners in ,india4 ,by a ,lady4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,sierra ,leone1 written to ,friends at ,home4 ,by a ,lady4 ,edited by ,mrs4 ,norton4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,head ,quarters2 or1 ,the ,realities of the ,war in the ,crimea4 ,by a ,staff ,officer4 ,popular ,edition4 ,plans4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,lexington 7,the7 ,,papers2 or1 ,some ,account of the ,courts of ,london and ,vienna at the end of the #agth ,century4 ,edited by ,hon4 ,h4 ,manners ,sutton4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,lewis' 7,sir ,g4 ,c47 ,essay on the ,government of ,dependencies4 #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,glossary of ,provincial ,words used in ,herefordshire and some of the adjoining ,counties4 #abmo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ---- 7,lady ,theresa7 ,friends and ,contemporaries of the ,lord ,chancellor ,clarendon1 illustrative of ,portraits in his ,gallery4 ,with a ,descriptive ,account of the ,pictures1 and ,origin of the ,collection4 ,portraits4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ---- 7,m4 ,g47 ,journal of a ,residence among the ,negroes in the ,west ,indies4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,liddell',s 7,dean7 ,history of ,rome4 ,from the ,earliest ,times to the ,establishment of the ,empire4 ,with the ,history of ,literature and ,art4 ,library ,edition4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ---- ,student's ,history of ,rome4 ,abridged from the ,larger ,work4 ,fifteenth ,thousand4 ,with #ajj ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,lindsay',s 7,lord7 ,lives of the ,lindsays2 or1 a ,memoir of the ,houses of ,crawford and ,balcarres4 ,with ,extracts from ,official ,papers and ,personal ,narratives4 ,second ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #bds4 ---- ,report of the ,claim of ,james1 ,earl of ,crawford and ,balcarres1 to the ,original ,dukedom of ,montrose1 created in #adhh4 ,folio4 #aes4 ,,little ,,arthur',s ,,history ,,of ,,england4 ,by ,lady ,callcott4 #ajjth ,thousand4 ,with #bj ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,livingstone',s 7,rev4 ,dr47 ,missionary ,travels and ,researches in ,south ,africa2 including a ,sketch of ,sixteen ,years' ,residence in the ,interior of ,africa1 and a ,journey from the ,cape of ,good ,hope to ,loanda on the ,west ,coast2 thence across the ,continent1 down the ,river ,zambesi1 to the ,eastern ,ocean4 ,thirtieth ,thousand4 ,map1 ,plates1 and ,index4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,,livonian ,,tales4 ,by the ,author of ,letters from the ,baltic4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,lockhart',s 7,j4 ,g47 ,ancient ,spanish ,ballads4 ,historical and ,romantic4 ,translated1 with ,notes4 ,illustrated ,edition4 #dto4 #bas4 ,or1 ,popular ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life of ,robert ,burns4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 ,,london 7,bishop of74 ,the ,dangers and ,safeguards of ,modern ,theology4 ,containing ,suggestions to the ,theological ,student under present difficulties4 #hvo4 #is4 ,,loudon',s 7,mrs47 ,instructions in ,gardening for ,ladies4 ,with ,directions and ,calendar of ,operations for ,every ,month4 ,eighth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ---- ,modern ,botany2 a ,popular ,introduction to the ,natural ,system of ,plants4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #fs4 ,,lowe',s 7,sir ,hudson7 ,letters and ,journals1 during the ,captivity of ,napoleon at ,st4 ,helena4 ,by ,william ,forsyth4 ,portrait4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #des4 ,,lucknow3 ,a ,lady's ,diary of the ,siege4 ,fourth ,thousand4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,,lyell',s 7,sir ,charles7 ,principles of ,geology2 or1 the ,modern ,changes of the ,earth and its ,inhabitants considered as illustrative of ,geology4 ,ninth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,visits to the ,united ,states1 #ahda-df4 ,second ,edition4 ,plates4 #d ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ,,mahon',s 7,lord7 ,history of ,england1 from the ,peace of ,utrecht to the ,peace of ,versailles1 #agac-hc4 ,library ,edition4 #g ,vols4 #hvo4 #ics4 ,popular ,edition4 #g ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ces4 ---- ,life of ,william ,pitt1 with ,extracts from ,,ms4 ,papers ,portrait4 ,vols4 ,i4 and ,,ii4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,forty-,five2 a ,narrative of the ,rebellion in ,scotland4 ,post #hvo4 #cs4 ---- ,history of ,british ,india from its ,origin till the ,peace of #aghc4 ,post #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,history of the ,war of the ,succession in ,spain4 ,second ,edition4 ,map4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,spain under ,charles the ,second2 or1 ,extracts from the ,correspondence of the ,hon4 ,alexander ,stanhope1 ,british ,minister at ,madrid from #afij to #agjj4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life of ,louis1 ,prince of ,cond1 surnamed the ,great4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,life of ,belisarius4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,historical and ,critical ,essays4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,story of ,joan of ,arc4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ---- ,addresses ,delivered at ,manchester1 ,leeds1 and ,birmingham4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,mc,c,l,i,n,t,o,c,k',s 7,capt4 ,sir ,f4 ,l47 ,narrative of the ,discovery of the ,fate of ,sir ,john ,franklin and his ,companions in the ,arctic ,seas4 ,twelfth ,thousand4 ,illustrations4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,mc,c,o,s,h 7,rev4 ,dr47 on the ,intuitive ,convictions of the ,mind inductively investigated4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,mc,c,u,l,l,o,c,h',s 7,j4 ,r47 ,collected ,edition of ,ricardo's ,political ,works4 ,with ,notes and ,memoir4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,maine 7,h4 ,sumner7 on ,ancient ,law3 its ,connection with the ,early ,history of ,society1 and its ,relation to ,modern ,ideas4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,malcolm',s 7,sir ,john7 ,sketches of ,persia4 ,third ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,mansel 7,rev4 ,h4 ,l47 ,limits of ,religious ,thought ,examined4 ,being the ,bampton ,lectures for #aheh4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,mantell',s 7,gideon ,a47 ,thoughts on ,animalcules2 or1 the ,invisible ,world1 as revealed by the ,microscope4 ,second ,edition4 ,plates4 #afmo4 #fs4 ,,manual ,,of ,,scientific ,,enquiry1 ,prepared for the ,use of ,officers and ,travellers4 ,by various ,writers4 ,third ,edition revised by the ,rev4 ,r4 ,main4 ,maps4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 7,published by order of the ,lords of the ,admiralty47 ,,markham',s 7,mrs47 ,history of ,england4 ,from the ,first ,invasion by the ,romans1 down to the fourteenth year of ,queen ,victoria's ,reign4 #aahth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #fs4 ---- ,history of ,france4 ,from the ,conquest by the ,gauls1 to the ,death of ,louis ,philippe4 ,sixtieth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #fs4 ---- ,history of ,germany4 ,from the ,invasion by ,marius1 to the present time4 ,fifteenth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #fs4 ---- ,history of ,greece4 ,from the ,earliest ,times to the ,roman ,conquest4 ,by ,dr4 ,wm4 ,smith4 ,twentieth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #gs4 #f;d4 7,questions4 #abmo4 #bs47 ---- ,history of ,rome1 from the ,earliest ,times to the ,establishment of the ,empire4 ,by ,dean ,liddell4 ,fifteenth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,markland',s 7,j4 ,h47 ,reverence due to ,holy ,places4 ,third ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 ,,marryat',s 7,joseph7 ,history of ,modern and ,medival ,pottery and ,porcelain4 ,with a ,description of the ,manufacture4 ,second ,edition4 ,plates and ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #cas4 #f;d4 ---- 7,horace7 ,residence in ,jutland1 the ,danish ,isles1 and ,copenhagen4 ,illustrations4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ,,matthi',s 7,augustus7 ,greek ,grammar for ,schools4 ,abridged from the ,larger ,grammar4 ,by ,blomfield4 ,ninth ,edition4 ,revised by ,edwards4 #abmo4 #cs4 ,,maurel',s 7,jules7 ,essay on the ,character1 ,actions1 and ,writings of the ,duke of ,wellington4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,mawe',s 7,h4 ,l47 ,journal of a ,passage from the ,pacific to the ,atlantic4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,maxims ,,and ,,hints on ,angling and ,chess4 ,to which is added the ,miseries of ,fishing4 ,by ,richard ,penn4 ,new ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #as4 ,,mayo',s 7,dr47 ,pathology of the ,human ,mind4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,melville',s 7,hermann7 ,typee and ,omoo2 or1 ,adventures amongst the ,marquesas and ,south ,sea ,islands4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 ,,mendelssohn',s ,life4 ,by ,jules ,benedict4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,meredith',s 7,mrs4 ,charles7 ,notes and ,sketches of ,new ,south ,wales1 during a ,residence from #ahci to #ahdd4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,tasmania1 during a ,residence of ,nine ,years4 ,with ,illustrations4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,merrifield 7,mrs47 on the ,arts of ,painting in ,oil1 ,miniature1 ,mosaic1 and ,glass2 ,gilding1 ,dyeing1 and the ,preparation of ,colours and ,artificial ,gems1 described in several old ,manuscripts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,messiah 7,,the7 ,,and ,,his ,,kingdom4 ,the ,life1 ,sufferings1 ,death1 ,resurrection1 and ,ascension of our ,blessed ,lord4 ,map4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 ,in the ,press4 ,,mills' 7,arthur7 ,india in #aheh2 ,a ,summary of the ,existing ,administration--,political1 ,fiscal1 and ,judicial2 with ,laws and ,public ,documents1 from the earliest to the present time4 ,second ,edition4 ,with ,coloured ,revenue ,map4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,mitchell',s 7,thomas7 ,plays of ,aristophanes4 ,with ,english ,notes4 #hvo4--#a4 ,,clouds1 #ajs4--#b4 ,,wasps1 #ajs4--#c4 ,,frogs1 #aes4 ,,milman',s 7,dean7 ,history of ,latin ,christianity2 including that of the ,popes to the ,pontificate of ,nicholas ,v4 ,second ,edition4 #f ,vols4 #hvo4 #gbs4 ---- ,character and ,conduct of the ,apostles considered as an ,evidence of ,christianity4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life and ,works of ,horace4 ,with #cjj ,woodcuts4 ,new ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,crown #hvo4 #cjs4 ---- ,poetical ,works4 ,plates4 #c ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,fall of ,jerusalem4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ---- 7,capt4 ,e4 ,a47 ,wayside ,cross2 or1 the ,raid of ,gomez4 ,a ,tale of the ,carlist ,war4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,modern ,,domestic ,,cookery4 ,founded on ,principles of ,economy and ,practical ,knowledge1 and adapted for ,private ,families4 ,new ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,moltke',s 7,baron7 ,russian ,campaigns on the ,danube and the ,passage of the ,balkan1 #ahbh-i4 ,plans4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,monastery ,,and ,,the ,,mountain ,,church4 ,by ,author of ,sunlight through the ,mist4 ,woodcuts4 #afmo4 #ds4 ,,moore',s 7,thomas7 ,life and ,letters of ,lord ,byron4 ,cabinet ,edition4 ,plates4 #f ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,life and ,letters of ,lord ,byron4 ,people's ,edition4 ,portraits4 ,royal #hvo4 #is4 ,,motley',s 7,j4 ,l47 ,history of the ,united ,netherlands3 from the ,death of ,william the ,silent to the ,synod of ,dort4 ,embracing the ,english-,dutch struggle against ,spain2 and a detailed ,account of the ,spanish ,armada4 ,fourth ,thousand4 ,portraits4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,mozley',s 7,rev4 ,j4 ,b47 ,treatise on the ,augustinian ,doctrine of ,predestination4 #hvo4 #ads4 ---- ,primitive ,doctrine of ,baptismal ,regeneration4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,muck ,,manual 7,the7 for the ,use of ,farmers4 ,a ,practical ,treatise on the ,chemical ,properties1 ,management1 and ,application of ,manures4 ,by ,frederick ,falkner4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,mundy',s 7,gen47 ,pen and ,pencil ,sketches during a ,tour in ,india4 ,third ,edition4 ,plates4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,munro',s 7,general ,sir ,thomas7 ,life and ,letters4 ,by the ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,murchison',s 7,sir ,roderick7 ,russia in ,europe and the ,ural ,mountains2 ,geologically ,illustrated4 ,with ,coloured ,maps1 ,plates1 ,sections1 c4 #b ,vols4 ,royal #dto4 ---- ,siluria2 or1 a ,history of the ,oldest ,rocks containing ,organic ,remains4 ,third ,edition4 ,map and ,plates4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,murray',s ,,railway ,,reading4 ,for all classes of ,readers4 ,the following are published3 ,wellington4 ,by ,lord ,ellesmere4 #f;d ,nimrod on the ,chase4 #as4 ,essays from ,the ,times4 #b ,vols4 #hs4 ,music and ,dress4 #as4 ,layard's ,account of ,nineveh4 #es4 ,milman's ,fall of ,jerusalem4 #as4 ,mahon's ,forty-,five4 #cs4 ,life of ,theodore ,hook4 #as4 ,deeds of ,naval ,daring4 #b ,vols4 #es4 ,the ,honey ,bee4 #as4 ,james' sop's ,fables4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,nimrod on the ,turf4 #as4 #f;d4 ,oliphant's ,nepaul4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,art of ,dining4 #as4 #f;d4 ,hallam's ,literary ,essays4 #bs4 ,mahon's ,joan of ,arc4 #as4 ,head's ,emigrant4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,nimrod on the ,road4 #as4 ,wilkinson's ,ancient ,egyptians4 #abs4 ,croker on the ,guillotine4 #as4 ,hollway's ,norway4 #bs4 ,maurel's ,wellington4 #as4 #f;d4 ,campbell's ,life of ,bacon4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,the ,flower ,garden4 #as4 ,lockhart's ,spanish ,ballads4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,lucas on ,history4 #f;d4 ,beauties of ,byron4 #cs4 ,taylor's ,notes from ,life4 #bs4 ,rejected ,addresses4 #as4 ,penn's ,hints on ,angling4 #as4 ,,murray',s 7,capt4 ,a47 ,naval ,life and ,services of ,admiral ,sir ,philip ,durham4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,music ,,and ,,dress4 ,two ,essays1 by a ,lady4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,napier',s 7,sir ,wm47 ,english ,battles and ,sieges of the ,peninsular ,war4 ,third ,edition4 ,portrait4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,life of ,general ,sir ,charles ,napier2 chiefly derived from his ,journals1 ,letters1 and ,familiar ,correspondence4 ,second ,edition4 ,portraits4 #d ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #dhs4 ,,nautical ,,almanack 7,the74 ,royal #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 7,published by ,authority47 ,,navy ,,list 7,the ,quarterly74 7,published by ,authority47 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,nelson 7,robert71 ,memoir of his ,life and ,times4 ,by ,rev4 ,c4 ,t4 ,secretan1 ,m4,a4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,newbold',s 7,lieut47 ,straits of ,malacca1 ,penang1 and ,singapore4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bfs4 ,,newdegate',s 7,c4 ,n47 ,customs' ,tariffs of all ,nations2 collected and arranged up to the year #ahee4 #dto4 #cjs4 ,,nicholls' 7,sir ,george7 ,history of the ,english ,poor-,laws4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ---- ,history of the ,irish ,poor-,law4 #hvo4 #ads4 ---- ,history of the ,scotch ,poor-,law4 #hvo4 #abs4 ---- 7,rev4 ,h4 ,g47 ,historical and ,descriptive ,account of the ,forest of ,dean3 from ,sources ,public1 ,private1 ,legendary1 and ,local4 ,woodcuts1 c4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,nicolas' 7,sir ,harris7 ,historic ,peerage of ,england4 ,exhibiting the ,origin1 ,descent1 and ,present ,state of every ,title of ,peerage which has existed in this ,country since the ,conquest4 ,being a ,new ,edition of the ,synopsis of the ,peerage4 ,revised and ,continued to the ,present ,time4 ,by ,william ,courthope1 ,somerset ,herald4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,nimrod ,on the ,chace--,the ,turf--and ,the ,road4 ,reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,o',,connor',s 7,r47 ,field ,sports of ,france2 or1 ,hunting1 ,shooting1 and ,fishing on the ,continent4 ,woodcuts4 #abmo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,oliphant',s 7,laurence7 ,journey to ,katmandu1 with ,visit to the ,camp of the ,nepaulese ,ambassador4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,oxenham',s 7,rev4 ,w47 ,english ,notes for ,latin ,elegiacs2 designed for early ,proficients in the ,art of ,latin ,versification1 with ,prefatory ,rules of ,composition in ,elegiac ,metre4 ,third ,edition4 #abmo4 #ds4 ,,paget',s 7,john7 ,hungary and ,transylvania4 ,with ,remarks on their ,condition1 ,social1 ,political1 and ,economical4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,paris' 7,dr47 ,philosophy in ,sport made ,science in ,earnest2 or1 the ,first ,principles of ,natural ,philosophy inculcated by aid of the ,toys and ,sports of ,youth4 ,eighth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 ,,parkyns' 7,mansfield7 ,personal ,narrative of ,three ,years' ,residence and ,adventures in ,abyssinia4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,peel',s 7,sir ,robert7 ,memoirs4 ,left in ,,mss4 ,edited by ,earl ,stanhope and the ,right ,hon4 ,edward ,cardwell4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 each4 ,,peile',s 7,rev4 ,dr47 ,agamemnon and ,choephor of schylus4 ,a ,new ,edition of the ,text1 with ,notes4 ,second ,edition4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #is4 each4 ,,penn',s 7,richard7 ,maxims and ,hints for an ,angler and ,chess-player4 ,new ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,penrose',s 7,rev4 ,john7 ,faith and ,practice2 an ,exposition of the ,principles and ,duties of ,natural and ,revealed ,religion4 ,post #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ---- 7,f4 ,c47 ,principles of ,athenian ,architecture1 and the ,optical ,refinements exhibited in the ,construction of the ,ancient ,buildings at ,athens1 from a ,survey4 ,with #dj ,plates4 ,folio4 #el4 #es4 ,,percy',s 7,john1 ,m4,d47 ,metallurgy2 or1 the ,art of ,extracting ,metals from their ,ores and adapting them to various purposes of ,manufacture4 ,illustrations4 #hvo4 ,in the ,press4 ,,perry',s 7,sir ,erskine7 ,bird's-,eye ,view of ,india4 ,with ,extracts from a ,journal kept in the ,provinces1 ,nepaul1 c4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,phillips' 7,john7 ,memoirs of ,william ,smith1 ,,ll4,d4 7the ,geologist74 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,geology of ,yorkshire1 ,the ,yorkshire ,coast1 and the ,mountain-,limestone ,district4 ,plates4 #dto4 ,part ,i41 #bjs4--,part ,,ii41 #cjs4 ---- ,rivers1 ,mountains1 and ,sea ,coast of ,yorkshire4 ,with ,essays on the ,climate1 ,scenery1 and ,ancient ,inhabitants of the ,country4 ,second ,edition1 with #cf ,plates4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,,philpott',s 7,bishop7 ,letters to the late ,charles ,butler1 on the ,theological parts of his ,book of the ,roman ,catholic ,church2 with ,remarks on certain ,works of ,dr4 ,milner and ,dr4 ,lingard1 and on some parts of the ,evidence of ,dr4 ,doyle4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,phipps' 7,hon4 ,edmund7 ,memoir1 ,correspondence1 ,literary and ,unpublished ,diaries of ,robert ,plumer ,ward4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,,pope',s 7,alexander7 ,life and ,works4 ,a ,new ,edition4 ,containing nearly #ejj unpublished ,letters4 ,based on the materials collected by the late ,mr4 ,croker4 ,edited with a ,new ,life1 ,introductions and ,notes4 ,by ,rev4 ,whitwell ,elwin4 ,portraits4 ,vol4 ,i4 #hvo4 ,,porter',s 7,rev4 ,j4 ,l47 ,five ,years in ,damascus4 ,with ,travels to ,palmyra1 ,lebanon1 and other ,scripture ,sites4 ,map and ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,handbook for ,syria and ,palestine3 including an ,account of the ,geography1 ,history1 ,antiquities1 and ,inhabitants of these ,countries1 the ,peninsula of ,sinai1 ,edom1 and the ,syrian ,desert4 ,maps4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ---- 7,mrs47 ,rational ,arithmetic for ,schools and for ,private ,instruction4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,prayer-,,book 7,the ,illustrated71 with #ajjj ,illustrations of ,borders1 ,initials1 ,vignettes1 c4 ,medium #hvo4 #bas4 ,,precepts ,,for ,,the ,,conduct ,,of ,,life4 ,exhortations to a ,virtuous ,course and ,dissuasions from a ,vicious ,career4 ,extracted from the ,scriptures4 ,second ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 ,,prinsep',s 7,jas47 ,essays on ,indian ,antiquities1 ,historic1 ,numismatic1 and ,palographic1 with ,tables1 illustrative of ,indian ,history1 ,chronology1 ,modern ,coinages1 ,weights1 ,measures1 c4 ,edited by ,edward ,thomas4 ,illustrations4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #ebs4 #f;d4 ,,progress ,,of ,,russia ,,in ,,the ,,east4 ,an ,historical ,summary1 continued to the ,present ,time4 ,third ,edition4 ,map4 #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ,,puss ,,in ,,boots4 ,with #ab ,illustrations2 for ,old and ,young4 ,by ,otto ,speckter4 ,a ,new ,edition4 #afmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,quarterly ,,review 7,the74 #hvo4 #fs4 ,,ranke',s 7,leopold7 ,political and ,ecclesiastical ,history of the ,popes of ,rome1 during the ,sixteenth and ,seventeenth ,centuries4 ,translated from the ,german by ,mrs4 ,austin4 ,third ,edition4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bds4 ,,rawlinson',s 7,rev4 ,george7 ,herodotus4 ,a ,new ,english ,version4 ,edited with ,notes and ,essays4 ,assisted by ,sir ,henry ,rawlinson and ,sir ,j4 ,g4 ,wilkinson4 ,second ,edition4 ,maps and ,woodcuts4 #d ,vols4 #hvo4 ---- ,historical ,evidences of the truth of the ,scripture ,records stated anew1 with special reference to the ,doubts and ,discoveries of ,modern ,times2 the ,bampton ,lectures for #ahei4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #ads4 ---- ,five ,great ,monarchies of the ,ancient ,world4 ,or the ,history1 ,geography1 and ,antiquities of ,chalda1 ,assyria1 ,babylonia1 ,media1 and ,persia1--,drawn chiefly from ,native ,records4 ,illustrations4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 ,in the ,press4 ,,rejected ,,addresses 7,the74 ,by ,james and ,horace ,smith4 ,new ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as41 or ,fine ,paper1 with ,portrait1 fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,ricardo',s 7,david7 ,political ,works4 ,with a ,notice of his ,life and ,writings4 ,by ,j4 ,r4 ,m',culloch4 ,new ,edition4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,ripa',s 7,father7 ,memoirs during ,thirteen ,years' ,residence at the ,court of ,peking4 ,from the ,italian4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,robertson',s 7,canon7 ,history of the ,christian ,church1 ,from the ,apostolic ,age to the ,concordat of ,worms1 ,a4,d4 #aabc4 ,second ,edition4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cds4 ---- ,life of ,archbishop ,becket4 ,illustrations4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,robinson',s 7,rev4 ,dr47 ,biblical ,researches in the ,holy ,land4 ,being a ,journal of ,travels in #ahch1 and of ,later ,researches in #aheb4 ,maps4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ,,romilly',s 7,sir ,samuel7 ,memoirs and ,political ,diary4 ,by his ,sons4 ,third ,edition4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #abs4 ,,ross',s 7,sir ,james7 ,voyage of ,discovery and ,research in the ,southern and ,antarctic ,regions1 #ahci-dc4 ,plates4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ,,rowland',s 7,david7 ,manual of the ,english ,constitution2 a ,review of its ,rise1 ,growth1 and ,present ,state4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,rundell',s 7,mrs47 ,domestic ,cookery1 founded on ,principles of ,economy and ,practice1 and adapted for ,private ,families4 ,new and ,revised ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ,,russell',s 7,j4 ,rutherfurd1 ,m4,d47 ,art of ,medicine--,its ,history and its ,heroes4 ,portraits4 #hvo4 ,,russia2 ,a ,memoir of the ,remarkable ,events which attended the ,accession of the ,emperor ,nicholas4 ,by ,baron ,m4 ,korff1 ,secretary of ,state4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 7,published by ,imperial ,command47 ,,ruxton',s 7,george ,f47 ,travels in ,mexico2 with ,adventures among the ,wild ,tribes and ,animals of the ,prairies and ,rocky ,mountains4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,sale',s 7,lady7 ,journal of the ,disasters in ,affghanistan4 ,eighth ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- 7,sir ,robert7 ,brigade in ,affghanistan4 ,with an ,account of the ,seizure and ,defence of ,jellalabad4 ,by ,rev4 ,g4 ,r4 ,gleig4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,sandwith',s 7,humphry7 ,narrative of the ,siege of ,kars and of the ,six ,months' ,resistance by the ,turkish ,garrison under ,general ,williams4 ,seventh ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,scott',s 7,g4 ,gilbert7 ,remarks on ,secular and ,domestic ,architecture1 ,present and ,future4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #is4 ---- 7,robert1 ,d4,d41 ,master of ,baliol7 ,sermons ,preached before the ,university of ,oxford4 ,post #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ,,scrope',s 7,william7 ,days of ,deer-,stalking in the ,forest of ,atholl2 with some ,account of the ,nature and ,habits of the ,red ,deer4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,crown #hvo4 #bjs4 ---- ,days and ,nights of ,salmon ,fishing in the ,tweed2 with a short ,account of the ,natural ,history and ,habits of the ,salmon4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,royal #hvo4 #cas4 #f;d4 ---- 7,g4 ,p47 ,memoir of ,lord ,sydenham1 and his ,administration in ,canada4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ---- ,geology and ,extinct ,volcanoes of ,central ,france4 ,second ,edition1 revised and enlarged4 ,illustrations4 ,medium #hvo4 #cjs4 ,,self-,,help4 ,with ,illustrations of ,character and ,conduct4 ,by ,samuel ,smiles4 ,thirty-fifth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,shaftesbury 7,lord ,chancellor72 ,memoirs of his ,early ,life4 ,with his ,letters1 ,speeches1 and other ,papers4 ,by ,w4 ,d4 ,christie4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,shaw',s 7,j4 ,f47 ,outlines of ,english ,literature4 ,second ,edition4 ,revised4 ,post #hvo4 ,,sierra ,,leone2 ,described in a ,series of ,letters to ,friends at ,home4 ,by ,a ,lady4 ,edited by ,mrs4 ,norton4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,smiles' 7,samuel7 ,story of the ,life of ,george ,stephenson4 ,woodcuts4 ,eighteenth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,self-,help4 ,with ,illustrations of ,character and ,conduct4 ,thirty-fifth ,thousand4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- ,workmen's ,earnings1 ,savings1 and ,strikes3 reprinted from the ,quarterly ,review4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,somerville',s 7,mary7 ,physical ,geography4 ,fourth ,edition4 ,portrait4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ---- ,connexion of the ,physical ,sciences4 ,ninth ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,south',s 7,john ,f47 ,household ,surgery2 or1 ,hints on ,emergencies4 ,seventeenth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcp4 #hvo4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,,southey',s 7,robert7 ,book of the ,church4 ,seventh ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,lives of ,bunyan ,cromwell4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,smith',s 7,dr4 ,wm47 ,dictionary of the ,bible2 including its ,antiquities1 ,biography1 ,geography1 and ,natural ,history4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,vol4 #a4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ---- ,greek and ,roman ,antiquities4 #bnd ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ---- ,greek and ,roman ,biography and ,mythology4 ,woodcuts4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #el4 #aes4 #f;d4 ---- ,greek and ,roman ,geography4 ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #hjs4 ---- ,latin-,english ,dictionary4 ,based upon the ,works of ,forcellini and ,freund4 ,seventh ,thousand4 #hvo4 #bas4 ---- ,english-,latin ,dictionary4 #hvo4 #abmo4 ,in preparation4 ---- ,medival ,latin-,english ,dictionary4 ,based on the ,work of ,ducange4 #hvo4 ,in preparation4 ---- ,classical ,dictionary for the ,higher ,forms4 #eth ,edition4 #gej ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,smaller ,classical ,dictionary4 ,sixteenth ,thousand4 #bjj ,woodcuts4 ,crown #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,smaller ,dictionary of ,antiquities4 ,sixteenth ,thousand4 #bjj ,woodcuts4 ,crown #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,smaller ,latin-,english ,dictionary4 ,twentieth ,thousand4 ,square #abmo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,gibbon's ,history of the ,decline and ,fall of the ,roman ,empire4 ,edited1 with ,notes4 ,maps4 #h ,vols4 #hvo4 #fjs4 ---- ,principia ,latina--,part ,i4 ,a ,grammar1 ,delectus1 and ,exercise ,book1 with ,vocabularies4 #bnd ,edition4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,principia ,latina--,part ,,ii4 ,a ,reading-book1 ,mythology1 ,geography1 ,roman ,antiquities1 and ,history4 ,with ,notes and ,dictionary4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,principia ,grca2 a ,first ,greek ,course4 ,a ,grammar1 ,delectus1 and ,exercise-book with ,vocabularies4 ,by ,h4 ,e4 ,hutton1 ,m4,a4 #bnd ,edition4 #abmo4 #cs4 ---- 7,james ,horace7 ,rejected ,addresses4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #as41 or ,fine ,paper1 with ,portrait1 fcap4 #hvo4 #es4 ---- 7,thomas ,assheton7 ,life and ,pursuits4 ,by ,sir ,eardley ,wilmot4 #bnd ,edition4 ,illustrations4 #hvo4 #aes4 ,,student',s ,,hume4 ,a ,history of ,england from the ,invasion of ,julius ,csar to the ,revolution of #afhh4 ,by ,david ,hume4 ,continued to #aheh4 ,fifteenth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,history ,,of ,,greece2 from the ,earliest ,times to the ,roman ,conquest4 ,with the ,history of ,literature and ,art4 ,by ,wm4 ,smith1 ,,ll4,d4 #bjth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,crown #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 7,questions4 #bs47 ,a ,smaller ,history of ,greece4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,history ,,of ,,rome2 from the ,earliest ,times to the ,establishment of the ,empire4 ,with the ,history of ,literature and ,art4 ,by ,h4 ,g4 ,liddell1 ,d4,d4 #aeth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,crown #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,a ,smaller ,history of ,rome4 #abmo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,gibbon2 an ,epitome of the ,history of the ,decline and ,fall of the ,roman ,empire4 ,incorporating the ,researches of ,recent ,commentators4 ,by ,wm4 ,smith1 ,,ll4,d4 #fth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,,manual ,,of ,,ancient ,,geography4 ,based on the larger ,dictionary of ,greek and ,roman ,geography4 ,edited by ,dr4 ,wm4 ,smith4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ,,student',s ,,history ,,of ,,france2 ,from the ,earliest ,times4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 ,nearly ready4 ,,speckter',s 7,otto7 ,puss in ,boots1 suited to the ,tastes of ,old and ,young4 ,a ,new ,edition4 ,with #ab ,woodcuts4 ,square #abmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ---- ,charmed ,roe2 or1 the ,story of the ,little ,brother and ,sister4 ,illustrated4 #afmo4 ,,stanley',s 7,canon7 ,lectures on the ,history of the ,eastern ,church4 ,plans4 #hvo4 ---- ,addresses and ,charges of ,bishop ,stanley4 ,with ,memoir4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,sermons on the ,unity of ,evangelical and ,apostolical ,teaching4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,st4 ,paul's ,epistles to the ,corinthians1 with ,notes and ,dissertations4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,historical ,memorials of ,canterbury4 ,the ,landing of ,augustine--,the ,murder of ,becket--,the ,black ,prince--,the ,shrine of ,becket4 ,third ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ---- ,sinai and ,palestine1 in ,connexion with their ,history4 ,fifth ,edition4 ,map4 #hvo4 #afs4 ,,st4 ,,john',s 7,charles7 ,wild ,sports and ,natural ,history of the ,highlands4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ---- 7,bayle7 ,adventures in the ,libyan ,desert and the ,oasis of ,jupiter ,ammon4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,stephenson 7,george7 ,the ,railway ,engineer4 ,the ,story of his ,life4 ,by ,samuel ,smiles4 ,eighteenth ,thousand4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 ,,stothard',s 7,thos47 ,life4 ,with ,personal ,reminiscences4 ,by ,mrs4 ,bray4 ,with ,portrait and #fj ,woodcuts4 #dto4 ,,street',s 7,g4 ,e47 ,brick and ,marble ,architecture of ,italy1 in the ,middle ,ages4 ,plates4 #hvo4 #bas4 ,,strife ,,for ,,the ,,mastery4 ,two ,allegories4 ,with ,illustrations4 ,crown #hvo4 #fs4 ,,swift',s 7,jonathan7 ,life1 ,letters and ,journals4 ,by ,john ,forster4 #hvo4 ,in ,preparation4 ---- ,works4 ,edited1 with ,notes4 ,by ,john ,forster4 #hvo4 ,in ,preparation4 ,,sydenham',s 7,lord7 ,memoirs4 ,with his ,administration in ,canada4 ,by ,g4 ,poulet ,scrope1 ,m4,p4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,syme',s 7,jas47 ,principles of ,surgery4 ,fourth ,edition4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,tait',s 7,rev4 ,a4 ,c41 ,bishop of ,london7 ,dangers and ,safeguards of ,modern ,theology4 #hvo4 ,,taylor',s 7,henry7 ,notes from ,life4 ,fcap #hvo4 #bs4 ---- 7,j4 ,e47 ,fairy ,ring4 ,a ,collection of ,stories for ,young ,persons4 ,from the ,german4 ,with ,illustrations by ,richard ,doyle4 ,second ,edition4 ,woodcuts4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,,tennent',s 7,sir ,j4 ,e47 ,christianity in ,ceylon4 ,its ,introduction and ,progress under the ,portuguese1 ,dutch1 ,british1 and ,american ,missions4 ,with an ,historical ,sketch of the ,brahmanical and ,buddhist ,superstitions4 ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,thomson',s 7,dr4 ,a4 ,s47 ,story of ,new ,zealand2 ,past and ,present--,savage and ,civilised4 ,second ,edition4 ,illustrations4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bds4 ---- 7,wm41 ,d4,d41 ,provost of ,queen's7 ,sermons ,preached in ,lincoln's ,inn ,chapel4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,three-,,leaved ,,manual ,,of ,,family ,,prayer2 arranged so as to save the trouble of turning the ,pages backwards and forwards4 ,royal #hvo4 #bs4 ,,ticknor',s 7,george7 ,history of ,spanish ,literature4 ,with ,criticisms on particular ,works1 and ,biographical ,notices of ,prominent ,writers4 ,second ,edition4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #bds4 ,,tocqueville',s 7,m4 de7 ,state of ,france before the ,revolution1 #aghi1 and on the ,causes of that ,event4 ,translated by ,henry ,reeve ,esq4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,tremenheere',s 7,h4 ,s47 ,political ,experience of the ,ancients1 in its bearing on ,modern ,times4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #bs4 #f;d4 ---- ,notes on ,public ,subjects1 made during a ,tour in the ,united ,states and ,canada4 ,post #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ---- ,constitution of the ,united ,states compared with our own4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,tristram',s 7,h4 ,b47 ,great ,sahara2 or1 ,wanderings ,south of the ,atlas ,mountains4 ,illustrations4 ,post #hvo4 #aes4 ,,twiss' 7,horace7 ,public and ,private ,life of ,lord ,chancellor ,eldon1 with ,selections from his ,correspondence4 ,portrait4 ,third ,edition4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ,,tyndall',s 7,john7 ,glaciers of the ,alps4 ,being a ,narrative of various ,excursions among them1 and an ,account of ,three ,years' ,observations and ,experiments on their ,motion1 ,structure1 and ,general ,phenomena4 ,woodcuts4 ,post #hvo4 #ads4 ,,tytler',s 7,patrick ,fraser7 ,memoirs4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,w4 ,burgon1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #is4 ,,ubicini',s 7,m4 ,a47 ,letters on ,turkey and its ,inhabitants--the ,moslems1 ,greeks1 ,armenians1 c4 ,translated by ,lady ,easthope4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #bas4 ,,vaughan',s 7,rev4 ,dr47 ,sermons preached in ,harrow ,school4 #hvo4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,venables' 7,rev4 ,r4 ,l47 ,domestic ,scenes in ,russia during a ,year's ,residence1 chiefly in the ,interior4 ,second ,edition4 ,post #hvo4 #es4 ,,voyage to the ,mauritius and back1 touching at the ,cape of ,good ,hope and ,st4 ,helena4 ,by ,author of ,paddiana4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 #f;d4 ,,waagen',s 7,dr47 ,treasures of ,art in ,great ,britain4 ,being an ,account of the ,chief ,collections of ,paintings1 ,sculpture1 ,manuscripts1 ,miniatures1 c4 c41 in this ,country4 ,obtained from ,personal ,inspection during ,visits to ,england4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #cfs4 ---- ,galleries and ,cabinets of ,art in ,england4 ,being an ,account of more than ,forty ,collections1 visited in #ahed-ef4 ,with ,index4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ,,waddington',s 7,dean7 ,condition and ,prospects of the ,greek ,church4 ,new ,edition4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,wakefield',s 7,e4 ,j47 ,adventures in ,new ,zealand4 ,with some ,account of the ,beginning of the ,british ,colonisation of the ,island4 ,map4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,,walks ,,and ,,talks4 ,a ,story-book for ,young ,children4 ,by ,aunt ,ida4 ,with ,woodcuts4 #afmo4 #es4 ,,walsh',s 7,sir ,john7 ,practical ,results of the ,reform ,bill of #ahcb4 #hvo4 #es4 #f;d4 ,,ward',s 7,robert ,plumer7 ,memoir1 ,correspondence1 ,literary and ,unpublished ,diaries and ,remains4 ,by the ,hon4 ,edmund ,phipps4 ,portrait4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bhs4 ,,watt',s 7,james7 ,life4 ,incorporating the most interesting passages from his ,private and ,public ,correspondence4 ,by ,james ,p4 ,muirhead1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition4 ,portrait4 #hvo4 #afs4 ---- ,origin and ,progress of his ,mechanical ,inventions4 ,illustrated by his ,correspondence4 ,by ,j4 ,p4 ,muirhead4 ,plates4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #des4 ,,wilkie',s 7,sir ,david7 ,life1 ,journals1 ,tours1 and ,critical ,remarks on ,works of ,art1 with a ,selection from his ,correspondence4 ,by ,allan ,cunningham4 ,portrait4 #c ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,wood',s 7,lieut47 ,voyage up the ,indus to the ,source of the ,river ,oxus1 by ,kabul and ,badakhshan4 ,map4 #hvo4 #ads4 ,,wellington',s 7,the ,duke of7 ,despatches during his various ,campaigns4 ,compiled from ,official and other ,authentic ,documents4 ,by ,col4 ,gurwood1 ,c4,b4 ,new ,enlarged ,edition4 #h ,vols4 #hvo4 #bas4 each4 ---- ,supplementary ,despatches1 and other ,papers4 ,edited by his ,son4 ,vols4 ,i4 to ,,vii4 #hvo4 #bjs4 each4 ---- ,selections from his ,despatches and ,general ,orders4 ,by ,colonel ,gurwood4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- ,speeches in ,parliament4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ,,wilkinson',s 7,sir ,j4 ,g47 ,popular ,account of the ,private ,life1 ,manners1 and ,customs of the ,ancient ,egyptians4 ,new ,edition4 ,revised and ,condensed4 ,with #ejj ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 ,post #hvo4 #abs4 ---- ,dalmatia and ,montenegro2 with a ,journey to ,mostar in ,hertzegovina1 and ,remarks on the ,slavonic ,nations4 ,plates and ,woodcuts4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #dbs4 ---- ,handbook for ,egypt4--,thebes1 the ,nile1 ,alexandria1 ,cairo1 the ,pyramids1 ,mount ,sinai1 c4 ,map4 ,post #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,on ,colour1 and on the ,necessity for a ,general ,diffusion of ,taste among all ,classes2 with ,remarks on laying out ,dressed or ,geometrical ,gardens4 ,with ,coloured ,illustrations and ,woodcuts4 #hvo4 #ahs4 ---- 7,g4 ,b47 ,working ,man's ,handbook to ,south ,australia2 with ,advice to the ,farmer1 and ,detailed ,information for the several ,classes of ,labourers and ,artisans4 ,map4 #ahmo4 #as4 #f;d4 ,,wilson',s 7,daniel1 ,d4,d41 ,bishop of ,calcutta71 ,life1 with ,extracts from his ,letters and ,journals4 ,by ,rev4 ,josiah ,bateman4 ,new and ,condensed ,edition4 ,illustrations4 ,post #hvo4 #is4 ---- 7,genl4 ,sir ,robert7 ,secret ,history of the ,french ,invasion of ,russia1 and ,retreat of the ,french ,army1 #ahab4 ,second ,edition4 #hvo4 #aes4 ---- ,private ,diary of ,travels1 ,personal ,services1 and ,public ,events1 during ,missions and ,employments in ,spain1 ,sicily1 ,turkey1 ,russia1 ,poland1 ,germany1 c4 #ahab-ad4 #b ,vols4 #hvo4 #bfs4 ,,wordsworth',s 7,rev4 ,dr47 ,journal of a ,tour in ,athens and ,attica4 ,third ,edition4 ,plates4 ,post #hvo4 #hs4 #f;d4 ---- ,pictorial1 ,descriptive1 and ,historical ,account of ,greece1 with a ,history of ,greek ,art1 by ,g4 ,scharf1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,new ,edition4 ,with #fjj ,woodcuts4 ,royal #hvo4 #bhs4 ,,wornum 7,ralph74 ,a ,biographical ,dictionary of ,italian ,painters3 with a ,table of the ,contemporary ,schools of ,italy4 ,by a ,lady4 ,post #hvo4 #fs4 #f;d4 ,,wrottesley',s 7,lord7 ,thoughts on ,government and ,legislation4 ,post #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,young',s 7,dr4 ,thos47 ,life and ,miscellaneous ,works1 edited by ,dean ,peacock and ,john ,leitch4 ,portrait and ,plates4 #d ,vols4 #hvo4 #aes4 each4 ,,bradbury ,,and ,,evans1 ,,printers1 ,,whitefriars4