,,lamb ,slaught]+1 ,cutt+1 ,pres]v+1 & ,cook+ on ! ,f>m ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,agriculture ,,f>m]s' ,,bullet9 ,,numb] #bbfd ,,cont5ts ,selection & c>e ( animal be=e slaught] #c ,prep>+ = slaught] #d ,slaught] #f ,*ill+ ! c>cass #ba ,cutt+ #bb ,freez+ & froz5 /orage #ch ,meat cook]y #ch ,pres]v+ lamb pelts #dj ,,precautions ,! ,law ,! ,f$]al ,meat ,inspection ,act requires t all meat :i* is to be sold or trad$ = human consumption mu/ be slaught]$ "u inspection 9 an approv$ facility "u ! sup]vision ( a ,/ate or ,,usda meat inspector4 ,a p]son c slaught] 8 animals outside su* a facility only = use by him1 memb]s ( 8 h\sehold1 8 nonpay+ gue/s & employees4 ,he is n all[$ to sell any portion ( ! c>cass4 ,= m details ab\t ^! regulations1 consult y\r c\nty ext5sion ag5t or write to ! ,animal & ,plant ,heal? ,inspection ,s]vice1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,wa%+ton ,d4,c4 #bjbej4 ,?is bullet9 sup]s$es ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 #baeb1 8,slaught]+1 ,cutt+1 & ,process+ ,lamb & ,mutton on ! ,f>m40 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,issu$ ,augu/ #aigg ,= sale by ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,docum5ts1 ,u4,s4 ,gov]nm5t ,pr9t+ ,(fice ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 #bjdjb ,/ock ,no4 #jja-jjj-jcgji-i ,lamb ,slaught]+1 ,cutt+1 ,pres]v+ & ,cook+ on ! ,f>m ,by ,h4 ,russell ,cross1 ,rese>* ,food ,te*nologi/1#a ,curtis ,gre51 ,meat ,m>ket+ ,speciali/1#b ,william ,r4 ,jones1 ,ext5sion ,meat ,speciali/1#c ,rog] ,l4 ,we/1 ,associate ,pr(essor1 ,meat ,sci5ce1#d & ,an?ony ,w4 ,kotula1 ,*ief1 ,meat ,sci5ce ,rese>* ,laboratory1 #a 7,photographs by ,donald ,k4 ,r\gh#a & ,t]ry ,k4 ,o',driscoll#e7 #a ,meat ,sci5ce ,rese>* ,laboratory1 ,nor!a/]n ,region1 ,agricultural ,rese>* ,s]vice1 ,beltsville1 ,,md4 #bjgje4 #b ,/&>dization ,bran*1 ,live/ock ,division1 ,agricultural ,m>ket+ ,s]vice1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 #bjbej4 #c ,coop]ative ,ext5sion ,s]vice1 ,auburn ,univ]sity1 ,auburn1 ,,al4 #cfhcj4 #d ,dep>tm5t ( ,animal ,sci5ce1 ,univ]sity ( ,florida1 ,ga9esville1 ,,fl4 #cbfaa4 #e ,beltsville ,agricultural ,rese>* ,c5t]1 ,nor!a/]n ,region1 ,agricultural ,rese>* ,s]vice1 ,beltsville1 ,,md4 #bjgje4 ,,selection ,,& ,,c>e ,,( ,,animal ,,be=e ,,slaught] ,sev]al factors %\ld be consid]$ be=e slaught]+ a lamb = home consumption4 ,! mo/ important consid]ations are heal?1 c>e ( ! animal prior to slaught]1 k9d ( animal 7lamb or mutton71 & expect$ meat yield4 ,heal? ,"o %\ld take c>e t an unheal?y animal is n select$ = slaught]4 ,at ! "t ( selection1 look = signs ( sickness su* z fev]1 increas$ brea?+ rate & di>rhea4 ,animals suspect$ ( be+ unheal?y %\ld be treat$ by a vet]9>ian until ! animal is return$ to a heal?y /ate4 ,animal ,c>e ,to obta9 high-quality meat1 x is important to ex]cise prop] c>e ( ! animal prior to slaught]4 ,p5 ! animal 9 a clean1 dry place ! day be=e slaught]+4 ,re/rict ! animal f fe$ #bd h\rs prior to slaught]1 b provide access to wat] at all times4 ,)hold+ fe$ results 9 great] ease ( evisc]ation 7because ! ga/ro9te/9al tract is small]7 & m9imizes ! migration ( +e/$ bact]ia f ! ga/ro9te/9al tract into ! blood /ream4 ,access to wat] enhances complete ble$+1 results 9 bright] color$ lean 9 ! c>cass1 & enhances pelt removal4 ,animal ,type & ,meat ,yield ,animal age w h a suffici5t effect on ! palatability ( ! cook$ product4 ,c>casses f %eep are class$ z lamb 7#ab to #ad mon?s or less71 ye>l+ mutton 7#ad to #bd mon?s71 or mutton 7ov] #b ye>s7 on ! basis ( diff]5ces t occur 9 ! developm5t ( _! muscul> & skeletal sy/ems4 ,diff]5ces 9 palatability betwe5 ! lamb & mutton meat are sub/antial4 ,meat f mutton c>casses has a v int5se flavor :i* is undesirable to "s individuals4 ,mutton is seldom m>ket$ z retail cuts b r z s\p /ock or 9 fur!r process$ meat items4 ,a meat-type lamb c>cass1 :5 cut & trimm$ accord+ to ! me?ods describ$ lat]1 w yield ov] #gj p]c5t ( its c>cass weight 9 major trimm$ cuts4 ,expect$ yields ( retail cuts f a yield grade #b 7trim7 & a yield grade #d 7wa/y7 c>cass are pres5t$ 9 table #a4 ,,table #a--;,comp>ison ( yield ( retail cuts betwe5 ,,usda yield #b & yield grade #d lamb c>casses ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,p]c5tage ( c>cass weight ,closely trimm$ --------------------------------- retail cuts ,yield grade #b ,yield grade #d ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,leg1 %ort cut44444444444444444444 #bb4b #ai4d ,sirlo9444444444444444444444444444 #f4d #e4h ,%ort lo9444444444444444444444444 #aj4a #i4e ,rack444444444444444444444444444444 #g4i #g4e ,%\ld]44444444444444444444444444 #bc4h #ba4f ,neck444444444444444444444444444444 #b4a #a4i ,brea/4444444444444444444444444444 #i4h #i4h ,=e%ank4444444444444444444444444 #c4d #c4b ,flank 7boneless /ew74444444444444 #b4c #b4c ,kidney4444444444444444444444444444 #j4e #j4e ,fat4444444444444444444444444444444 #h4b #ae4d ,bone444444444444444444444444444444 #c4c #c4a --------------------------------- ,total4444444444444444444444444 #ajj4j #ajj4j ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,adapt$ f ,smi?1 ,k+1 & ,c>p5t]1 #aige4 ,,prep>+ ,,= ,,slaught] ,prior to ! day ( slaught]1 select ! slaught] site1 accumulate all equipm5t1 prep>e = wa/e disposal1 &1 if necess>y1 make arrangem5ts ) a local processor or meat m>ket = *ill+ & cutt+ ! c>cass4 ,if y plan to h ! c>cass *ill$ & cut up1 arrangem5ts %\ld be made conc]n+ ! "t & day on :i* ! c>cass c be accept$1 ! *>ges & specific in/ructions = *ill+1 cutt+1 wrapp+1 & freez+ ! c>cass4 ,site ,selection ,selection ( ! slaught] site is extremely important4 ,a site ) clean runn+ wat] is be/4 ,if a tree is to be us$1 a heal?y limb1 #f to #h in*es 9 diamet]1 :i* is #h to #aj feet f ! gr\nd is ne$$4 ,?is w ensure t ! limb w n break f ! weight ( ! c>cass & ! c>cass c be fully ext5d$ f ! gr\nd = pelt+ & visc]a removal4 ,if slaught] is to be done 9 a b>n1 be sure t a /rong beam #h to #aj feet f ! floor is available4 ,! floor %\ld be clean1 & pref]ably1 concrete4 ,aft] selection ( ! slaught] site1 clean up ! area to ensure t leaves & dirt are n bl[n on ! c>cass dur+ slaught]4 ,if ! site has a wood5 or concrete floor1 wa% ! floor & all equipm5t ) pl5ty ( soap & wat]4 ,be sure to r9se ?or\ghly because sanitiz]s discolor ! meat & may cause (f flavors4 ,if slaught]+ is to be done outdoors1 use /raw to cov] ! area :]e ! c>cass w be pelt$ & evisc]at$4 ,! wea!r on ! day ( slaught] %\ld also be consid]$4 ,dur+ hot wea!r1 slaught] is be/ p]=m$ dur+ ! e>ly morn+ or late ev5+ h\rs4 ,s9ce an inexp]i5c$ p]son w take #a to #b h\rs to complete ! slaught] op]ation1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to preclude long exposure to high temp]atures4 ,dur+ cold wea!r ( less ?an #ce ,f1 slaught] c be done at any "t1 s9ce spoilage bact]ia d n gr[ z rapidly 9 a cold environm5t4 ,slaught] dur+ high w9ds w result 9 dirt & o!r contam9ants be+ bl[n onto ! c>cass4 ,wa/e ,disposal ,all wa/e products %\ld be dispos$ ( 9 a sanit>y mann]4 ,if ! "w is to be done 9 ! op51 "o %\ld select a site ) good dra9age s t blood & wat] c dra9 away f ! c>cass4 ,blood & wat] mu/ n be all[$ to pollute ne>by /reams or o!r wat] supplies4 ,disposal ( visc]a is (t5 a problem4 ,arrangem5ts %\ld be made to h a local processor or r5d]+ plant pick x up4 ,if ?is is n possible1 x %\ld be buri$ s t dogs & o!r animals _c dig x up4 ,slaught] ,equipm5t ,elaborate & exp5sive equipm5t is n necess>y1 b c]ta9 items are ess5tial 7fig4 #a74 ,! foll[+ slaught] equipm5t is recomm5d$3 #a4 4#bb-;calib] rifle or pi/ol ) long or long rifle c>tridges4 #b4 ,%>p bon+ knife & /eel4 #c4 ,block & tackle or /rong rope4 #d4 ,oil or wat] /one4 #e4 ,ample clean wat] = wa%+ h&s1 c>cass1 & by products4 #f4 ,tree ) /rong limb1 beam1 or tripod #h to #aj feet high4 #g4 ,buckets 7two or ?ree74 #h4 ,ice or cold wat]4 #i4 ,/raw = plac+ "u animal dur+ pelt+ & evisc]ation4 #aj4 ,clean clo?s or pla/ic = protection ( meat dur+ transport4 #aa4 ,clean /r+4 ,illu/ration3 ,rifle1 knives1 meat saw1 scrap]s1 gambrel1 hook ,figure #a4--;,equipm5t = slaught]4 ,be sure t all equipm5t :i* w come 9 contact ) meat is ?or\ghly clean$4 ,mo/ p get blood & o!r mat]ial on _! out] g>m5ts dur+ slaught]1 :i* %\ld n be transf]r$ to ! c>cass aft] x is wa%$4 ,if wea!r p]mits1 we> %ort sleeve %irts & wa% arms & h&s frequ5tly to prev5t contam9ation4 ,additional equipm5t ne$$ = cutt+ ! c>cass is discuss$ 9 ! section on c>cass cutt+4 ,,slaught] ,/unn+ ,! animal %\ld be prop]ly secur$ to a tree or /rong po/ & kill$ z quickly & humanely z possible4 ,/un ! animal ) a well direct$ bullet 74#bb calib] rifle or pi/ol7 9 ! =ehead1 midway betwe5 & slightly above ! eyes 7fig4 #b74 ,make ! fir/ %ot c\nt s9ce a c>eless %ot c cause ! animal mu* pa9 or injure help]s4 ,z ) ! use ( any fire>ms1 normal precautions %\ld be tak5 :5 /unn+ ! animal4 ,illu/ration3 ,rifle muzzle po9t$ at =ehead ( %eep ,figure #b4--,/unn+4 ,ble$+ ,ble$+ %\ld be done z quickly z possible aft] ! animal is d[n1 us+ a /raight bon+ knife & hold+ ! animal 9 position ) ! knee on or beh9d ! %\ld]4 ,grasp ! l[] jaw ) ! left h&1 pull ! head back & ins]t ! knife j back ( ! jaw :]e ! angle is made 7fig4 #c74 ,) ! cutt+ edge to ! outside1 ins]t ! knife z close to ! neck bone z possible4 ,cut cle> ?r\gh & !n outw>d1 sev]+ ! w9dpipe1 gullet & blood vessels 7fig4 #d74 ,illu/ration3 ,man ins]t+ knife ne> ! jaw ( ! %eep ,figure #c4--;,ble$+4 ,illu/ration3 ,man f9i%+ ! cut ( ! %eep's neck ,figure #d4--;,ble$+4 ,pelt ,removal ,h&s & equipm5t mu/ be kept clean 9 ord] to produce a clean c>cass4 ,dirt & wool on ! c>cass are v difficult to remove & usually h to be trimm$4 ,make c]ta9 !re is a good supply ( clean wat] available at all times4 ,also1 pelt+ 7fi/+7 is mu* easi] if ! h&s are kept slightly wet4 ,legs1 ,brea/ & ,midl9e4--,! pelt c be op5$ ar\nd ! legs & along ! midl9e & brea/ f ! horizontal or susp5d$ position4 ,! proc$ure select$ dep5ds on p]sonal pref]5ce & ! equipm5t available4 ,horizontal me?od4--,place ! animal on its back on a clean floor 7concrete1 slate1 or piece ( plywood7 7fig4 #e74 ,/&+ to "o side ( ! lamb1 hold "o front leg betwe5 y\r knees & all[ ! lamb to lean away4 ,remove a n>r[ /rip ( sk9 d[n ! front ( ! =eleg1 be+ sure to remove ! sk9 ov] ! knee 7fig4 #f74 ,turn ! knife 7) ! cutt+ edge t[>d ! sk97 & make an op5+ to ! neck 9 front ( ! brea/ 7fig4 #g74 ,make c]ta9 to cut t[>d ! sk9 to avoid cutt+ ?r\gh ! ?9 membrane 7fell7 cov]+ ! outside ( ! c>cass4 ,if ?is membrane is brok51 ! lean muscles w bulge ?r\gh & give ! c>cass an unattractive appe>ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,%eep ly+ sup9e on a plywood %eet ,figure #e4--;,horizontal position4 ,illu/ration3 ,man cutt+ pelt (f front leg us+ a knife ,figure #f4--,sk9n+ =eleg4 ,illu/ration3 ,man cutt+ pelt up leg to brea/ us+ a knife ,figure #g4--,sk9n+ neck4 ,sk9 ! opposite leg ! same way1 meet+ ! cut made 9 front ( ! brea/4 ,op5 ! pelt d[n ! neck to ! op5+ made by /ick+ 7fig4 #h74 ,?is w =m a ,v-%ap$ /rip ( pelt ov] ! brea/4 ,remove ! pelt ov] ! brea/ by pull+ ! pelt up & back4 ,once />t$1 x is be/ to complete by fi/+4 ,pu% ! fi/ "u ! pelt ) ! knuckles next to ! c>cass & ! ?umb ov] ! fir/ f+] 7fig4 #i74 ,press ! fi/ up aga9/ ! sk9 work+ x away f ! c>cass4 ,"w sl[ly & avoid te>+ ?r\gh ! fell & muscles4 ,aft] ! pelt is loos5$ ov] ! brisket 7fig4 #aj71 /op & sk9 out ! re> legs4 ,illu/ration3 ,man us+ knife to sk9 up to neck ,figure #h4--,sk9n+ neck4 ,illu/ration3 ,man pull+ up on pelt on brea/ ,figure #i4--;,fi/+ brisket4 ,illu/ration3 ,man pull+ up on pelt1 peel+ x back away f head ,figure #aj4--;,fi/+ brisket4 ,/ret*+ ! re> legs1 remove a /rip ( sk9 d[n ! back ( ! leg & ov] ! hock 7fig4 #aa74 ,) ! leg /ill betwe5 y\r knees1 turn ! knife outw>d & op5 ! sk9 f ! hock to a po9t 9 front ( ! anus 7fig4 #ab74 ,sk9 ar\nd ! hock & d[n ! %ank4 ,remove ! foot at ! la/ jo9t 7! "o next to ! ho(74 ,see fig4 #ac4 ,foll[ ! same proc$ure on ! o!r leg & !n fi/ ! pelt (f ! inside ( ! legs & ov] ! crot* 7fig4 #ad74 ,illu/ration3 ,man cutt+ pelt (f h9dleg us+ a knife ,figure #aa4--,sk9n+ h9dleg4 ,illu/ration3 ,man cutt+ up leg to anus us+ a knife ,figure #ab4--;,cutt+ to midl9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,man cutt+ (f foot us+ a knife ,figure #ac4--,remov+ foot4 ,illu/ration3 ,pelt p>tially remov$ ,figure #ad4--;,fi/+ ov] inside ( legs4 ,f ! brea/1 fi/ d[n ! belly & ar\nd ! navel to ! op5+ at ! crot* 7fig4 #ae74 ,! c>cass is n[ ready to be hung4 ,illu/ration3 ,man pu%+ h& d[n betwe5 pelt & c>cass ,figure #ae4--;,fi/+ d[n belly4 ,tie a heavy cord ar\nd ! h9dlegs1 & susp5d ! c>cass4 ,! po9t ( hang+ %\ld be approximately sev5 feet f ! gr\nd to provide a good work+ height4 ,susp5d$ me?od4--,tie a heavy /r+ ar\nd "o ( ! re> legs & susp5d ! c>cass 7fig4 #af74 ,on ! leg n susp5d$1 remove a /rip ( sk9 ov] ! hock & pa/ ! dew-claws 7fig4 #ag74 ,turn ! knife outw>d & op5 ! sk9 f ! hock to a po9t 9 front ( ! anus4 ,sk9 ar\nd ! hock & d[n ! %ank 7fig4 #ah74 ,remove ! foot at ! la/ jo9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,%eep hung up by "o re> leg ,figure #af4--,susp5d$ c>cass4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ pelt away f l[] h9dleg ne> ho( ,figure #ag4--,sk9n+ h9dleg4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ pelt away f upp] h9dleg ,figure #ah4--,sk9n+ h9dleg4 ,remove a /rip ( sk9 along ! susp5d$ leg & cut ! sk9 f ! hock t[>ds ! anus1 connect+ ) ! cut f ! o!r leg 7fig4 #ai74 ,remove ! sk9 ar\nd ! %ank4 ,fi/ along ! cut betwe5 ! legs1 remov+ ! pelt ar\nd ! back ( ! legs1 9 ! crot* & ar\nd ! front ( ! legs4 ,susp5d ! c>cass by ! opposite leg & remove ! foot on ! loos5$ leg4 ,tie a heavy cord ar\nd bo? re> legs & susp5d ! c>cass 7fig4 #bj74 ,illu/ration3 ,%eep hung up by "o re> leg ,figure #ai4--,sk9n+ h9dleg4 ,illu/ration3 ,%eep hung up by bo? re> legs us+ a s+le rope ,figure #bj4--;,bo? legs ti$4 ,remove a /rip ( sk9 along ! back ( ! front legs f ! knee to ! foot 7fig4 #ba74 ,make a split 9 ! pelt beg9n+ at ea* knee & connect+ at ! neck 9 front ( ! brea/4 ,op5 ! pelt d[n ! neck to ! op5+ made by /ick+ 7fig4 #bb74 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ across front leg j above ! ho( ,figure #ba4--,sk9n+ =eleg4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ pelt away f brea/ us+ a knife ,figure #bb4--,op5+ pelt to neck4 ,remove ! pelt ov] ! brea/ by pull+ ! pelt up & back 7fig4 #bc74 ,once />t$1 x is be/ to complete by fi/+4 ,fi/ along ! belly & ar\nd ! flanks1 meet+ ! op5+ made at ! re> legs 7fig4 #bd74 ,illu/ration3 ,man slid+ h& betwe5 pelt & *e/ ,figure #bc4--;,fi/+ brisket4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slid+ h& betwe5 pelt & belly ,figure #bd4--;,fi/+ belly4 ,sides & back4--,op5 ! pelt d[n ! midl9e ( ! belly & loos5 ! navel4 ,hold ! pelt tight ) "o h& & fi/ (f ! sides1 "w ar\nd to ! back1 & up ar\nd ! h9dlegs 7fig4 #be74 ,if ! fell is brok5 try to "w ar\nd ! break to get a new />t4 ,fi/ d[n pa/ ! %\ld]1 ar\nd ! sides & up ov] ! rump4 ,f und]nea? ! hock1 pu% up until ! pelt hangs by ! sk9 t is fa/5$ to ! tail & anus 7fig4 #bf74 ,x w be necess>y to use a knife to remove ! pelt ar\nd ! tail 7fig4 #bg74 ,c>efully sk9 ar\nd ! tail & all[ ! pelt to drop 7fig4 #bh74 ,illu/ration3 ,man slid+ h& betwe5 pelt & sides ,figure #be4--;,fi/+ side & back4 ,illu/ration3 ,man pull+ pelt up & away f back ,figure #bf4--,pull+ pelt up4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ pelt ar\nd tail us+ a knife ,figure #bg4--,sk9n+ ar\nd tail4 ,illu/ration3 ,pelt lay+ on gr\nd at head ( susp5d$ animal ,figure #bh4--,let pelt drop4 ,! front feet c be remov$ by cutt+ ?r\gh ! jo9t at ! knee 7fig4 #bi7 or by break+ !m at ! 8break0 or 8spool0 jo9ts4 ,to break ! legs at ! 8break0 or 8spool0 jo9t1 cut across ! t5don betwe5 ! knee & foot 7fig4 #cj71 grasp ! foot 9 "o h&1 ! leg 9 ! o!r1 & break back & sideways4 ,on "y lambs ! 8break0 jo9t w snap easily & ! foot c be remov$4 ,on old] lambs1 x w be necess>y to cut across ! pa/]n jo9t & twi/ ! toes (f4 ,?is jo9t is call$ ! 8spool0 jo9t 7fig4 #ca74 ,wa% ! c>cass ?or\ghly be=e evisc]at+4 ,remove ! head at ! jo9t close/ to ! head 7fig4 #cb74 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ ?r\gh front knee jo9t us+ a knife ,figure #bi4--,remov+ =eleg4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ (f front foot us+ a knife ,figure #cj4--,remov+ front foot at spool jo9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,slic$ spool jo9t ,figure #ca4--,spool jo9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ ?r\gh neck us+ a knife ,figure #cb4--,remov+ head4 ,evisc]ation ,loos5 ! l>ge inte/9e by cutt+ ar\nd ! rectum deep into ! pelvic canal 7fig4 #cc74 ,pull ! rectum outw>d cutt+ any rema9+ atta*m5ts4 ,tie a piece ( /r+ ar\nd ! l>ge inte/9e ne> its op5+ & let x drop into ! pelvic cavity 7fig4 #cd74 ,9 lamb or mutton ! pelvic bone is n sep>at$4 ,illu/ration3 ,man us+ knife ar\nd anus ,figure #cc4--,loos5+ anus4 ,illu/ration3 ,man ty+ %ut anus ,figure #cd4--,ty+ anus4 ,locate ! end ( ! /]num 7fig4 #ce7 & split ! brea/bone ) a knife or saw 7fig4 #cf74 ,d n cut into ! body cavity4 ,make a cut ?r\gh ! cod or udd] into ! pelvic cavity4 ,make ?is op5+ l>ge en\gh to ins]t ! h&4 ,ins]t ! knife h&le inside ! body cavity & ) ! blade ext5d$ outw>d1 op5 ! body cavity to ! op5+ made at ! brisket 7fig4 #cg74 ,all[ ! paun* & inte/9es to roll out & hang4 ,d n all[ !m to fall z ! esophagus w te> & spill its cont5ts onto ! c>cass4 ,f9d ! loos5$ l>ge inte/9e1 & pull x d[n pa/ ! kidneys1 leav+ ! kidneys intact 7fig4 #ch74 ,remove ! liv] by rea*+ beh9d & pull+ x :ile cutt+ ! connective tissue 7fig4 #ci74 ,exam9e x = any abscesses 7yell[ or :ite pus7 or sc> tissue4 ,remove ! gall bladd] f ! liv] by cutt+ b5ea? x & pull+ 7fig4 #dj74 ,be c>eful n to all[ its cont5ts to spill on ! liv]4 ,illu/ration3 ,man locat+ ! tip ( /]num ) f+]s ,figure #ce4--,locat+ brea/bone4 ,illu/ration3 ,man cutt+ ?r\gh brea/bone ) saw ,figure #cf4--,splitt+4 ,illu/ration3 ,man pu%+ knife d[n ?r\gh abdom5 wall ,figure #cg4--,op5+ midl9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,man pull+ out l>ge inte/9e ,figure #ch4--,remov+ l>ge inte/9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ out liv] us+ a knife ,figure #ci4--,remov+ liv]4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ gall bladd] (f liv] us+ a knife ,figure #dj4--,remov+ gall bladd]4 ,pull ! paun* & inte/9es outw>d & cut ?r\gh ! diaphragm 7! ?9 %eet ( muscle & :ite connective tissue t sep>ates ! lungs & he>t f ! /oma* & inte/9es74 ,make ?is cut at ! edge ( ! ?9 muscle 7fig4 #da74 ,sev] ! l>ge art]y at ! backbone & pull d[nw>d1 remov+ ! he>t1 lungs1 & w9dpipe ) ! paun* & inte/9es 7fig4 #db74 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ d[n ?r\gh diaphragm us+ a knife ,figure #da4--;,cutt+ diaphragm4 ,illu/ration3 ,man slic+ visc]a away f backbone us+ a knife ,figure #db4--;,complet+ evisc]ation4 ,cut across ! top ( ! he>t & sep>ate x f ! lungs4 ,wa% ! he>t & liv] c>efully 9 cold wat] & place !m on ice to *ill4 ,remove ! kidneys & kidney fat & wa% ! inside ( ! body cavity ?or\ghly 7fig4 #dc74 ,rewa% ! outside & move to ! *ill+ location4 ,illu/ration3 ,man r9s+ out body cavity ) g>d5 hose ,figure #dc4--,wa%+4 ,exam9+ ! ,c>cass ,all ! int]nal organs & ! dress$ c>cass %\ld be exam9$ c>efully = any abnormalities or conditions t might affect ! fitness ( ! meat = food4 ,usually1 a meat inspector or graduate vet]9>ian is ! only p]son qualifi$ to d ?is1 b "u f>m conditions x becomes necess>y = y to look = ! obvi\s signs ( disease or damage4 ,if any "p ( ! visc]a or c>cass is que/ionable1 y %\ld obta9 exp]t advice4 ,bruises1 m9or injuries1 p>asites 9 ! organs1 & enclos$ abscesses1 & s+le tumors are frequ5tly local conditions t c be easily remov$4 ,h[ev]1 ! pres5ce ( conge/ion or inflammation ( ! lungs1 inte/9es1 kidneys1 inn] surface ( *e/ or abdom9al cavity & num]\s yell[i% or pe>l-l gr[?s scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! organs %\ld be view$ s]i\sly4 ,c>casses & visc]a hav+ su* abnormalities %\ld be exam9$ by a graduate vet]9>ian & 8 op9ion obta9$ z to ! :olesom5ess ( ! meat4 ,y %\ld *eck ) a coop]at+ vet]9>ian be=e slaught]+ ! animal to be c]ta9 he w be available if y %\ld seek 8 advice4 ,,*ill+ ,,! ,,c>cass ,foll[+ evisc]ation1 ! lamb c>cass %\ld be c>efully trimm$ & any pieces ( adh]+ sk91 wool1 bruises1 hair1 or manure remov$4 ,lamb c>casses are n split longitud9ally because !y are n ?ick en\gh 9 any dim5sion to create cool+ problems4 ,! surfaces ( fre%ly slaught]$ lamb c>casses are contam9at$ ) bact]ia t c spoil ! meat unless _! gr[? is promptly *eck$4 ,bact]ial gr[? c be sl[$ by prompt *ill+ & keep+ ! c>cass at l[ temp]atures4 ,if ! wea!r is suitable 7#bh to #ce ,f71 ! c>cass c be wrapp$ 9 a %eet1 hung & *ill$ 9 a well v5tilat$ %$4 ,wrapp+ ) clean clo? w p>tially protect ! c>cass f contam9ation4 ,d n all[ ! c>cass to freeze because freez+ )9 "o day aft] dea? may t\gh5 ! meat4 ,if ! c>cass _c be *ill$ to bel[ #dj ,f on ! f>m1 x %\ld be transport$ to ! local lock] plant or m>ket = *ill+4 ,! ne$ = prompt & ?or\gh *ill+ ( w>m c>casses _c be ov]-emphasiz$4 ,! c>cass c be cut into retail cuts aft] ! c>cass has be5 *ill$ = #bd to #dh h\rs4 ,,cutt+ ,use ! foll[+ guidel9es to det]m9e cutt+ & packag+ in/ructions = ! processor if ! c>cass is n cut & wrapp$ on ! f>m4 ,*ops4--,^? f "y animals c be broil$ or pan fri$ & %\ld be at lea/ to #a in* ?ick4 ,! lo9 & rib *ops are relatively small & x takes two or ?ree to comprise a s]v+4 ,^? f ! sirlo9 & %\ld] are l>g] & only "o *op may suffice4 ,all[ ( a p\nd bone-9 p] p]son 7uncook$7 z a guide4 ,roa/s4--,all[ p\nd p] s]v+ = bone-9 roa/s 7leg1 %\ld]7 & p\nd p] s]v+ = boneless roa/ 7bone & roll$ %\ld]74 ,gr\nd lamb & /ew4--,all[ p\nd p] s]v+4 ,c>cass ,cutt+ ,equipm5t ,elaborate & exp5sive equipm5t is n necess>y1 b c]ta9 items are ess5tial4 ,! foll[+ equipm5t is recomm5d$3 #a4 ,/eel4 #b4 ,bon+ knife4 #c4 ,meat saw4 #d4 ,freez] pap] 7see section on 8wrapp+074 #e4 ,freez] tape4 #f4 ,meat gr9d] 7electric or h& p[]$74 ,cutt+ ! ,c>cass ,beg9 cutt+ ! lamb c>cass by remov+ ! ?9 cuts--! brea/1 flank1 & =eleg4 ,lay ! c>cass on its side & m>k a cutt+ l9e f ! elb[ jo9t ( ! =eleg to ! front "p ( ! h9dleg4 ,mo/ ( ! flank c be remov$ by />t+ ! cut betwe5 ! legs at ! cod or udd] fat :]e ! flank beg9s4 ,figure #dd %[s ?is cut made 9 a /raight l9e f ! front ( ! h9dleg to ! elb[ jo9t4 ,m ( ! re> flank & l[] ribs c be remov$ by mak+ ! cut high]1 ne> ! h9dleg4 ,h[ev]1 ! cut across ! l[] %\ld] %\ld be z close to ! jo9t on ! =eleg z possible to leave ! %\ld] roa/ l>ge4 ,illu/ration3 ,man saw+ (f flank ,figure #dd4--,/eaml+4 ,aft] remov+ ! ?9 cuts f bo? sides1 remove ! kidneys1 kidney fat1 & diaphragm 7fig4 #de71 if n remov$ at slaught]4 ,turn ! c>cass ov] on to ! cut surfaces & remove ! neck4 ,cross sectional cuts make neck *ops1 :i* %\ld be brais$2 or ! neck may be cut (f flu% ) ! top ( ! %\ld] & add$ to /ew or gr\nd lamb 7figs4 #df & #dg74 ,illu/ration3 ,kidneys ) fat atta*$ ly+ next to c>cass ,figure #de4--,kidney & kidney fat4 ,illu/ration3 ,man saw+ ?r\gh neck ,figure #df4--,neck *ops or slices4 ,illu/ration3 ,neck *ops ly+ next to c>cass ,figure #dg4--,neck *ops or slices4 ,! trimm$ c>cass is sep>at$ into f\r primal cuts1 ea* ) diff]5t *>act]i/ics 7figs4 #dh & #di74 ,a cut betwe5 ! fif? & six? ribs removes ! %\ld]4 ,ano!r cut betwe5 ! #ab? & #ac? 7la/7 rib sep>ates ! rib f ! lo9 7! #ac? rib rema9s 9 ! lo974 ,! lo9 & legs are sep>at$ j 9 front ( ! hipbones by cutt+ ?r\gh ! small ( ! back :]e ! curve ( ! leg muscles bl5d into ! lo94 ,?is is ! cut be+ made 9 ,figure #dh4 ,illu/ration3 ,man mak+ ?ird saw cut across c>cass ,figure #dh4--,prep>+ f\r primal cuts4 ,illu/ration3 ,c>cass cut into f\r pieces ,figure #di4--,prep>+ f\r primal cuts4 ,split ! legs ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! backbone 7fig4 #ej74 ,trim ! flank & cod or udd] fat (f 7fig4 #ea74 ,remove ! backbone f ! leg by mak+ a saw cut approximately p>allel to ! split surface ( ! backbone & #a in* bel[ ?is surface 7fig4 #eb74 ,saw approximately #a in* deep1 or until y feel a slight slippage :5 y cut ?r\gh "p ( ! hipbone4 ,illu/ration3 ,h9d qu>t] split us+ saw ,figure #ej4--,splitt+ legs4 ,illu/ration3 ,leg ( lamb & trimm$ pieces display$ ,figure #ea4--,leg ( lamb4 ,illu/ration3 ,saw sep>at+ backbone f leg ( lamb ,figure #eb4--;,backbone removal4 ,be c>eful n to saw all ! way ?r\gh ! hipbone4 ,ins]t a knife into ! saw cut1 f9d ! 8slip0 jo9t betwe5 ! bones & cut und]nea? ! backbone to complete its removal 7fig4 #ec74 ,cut (f ! l[] %ank bones by saw+ :]e ! t5don ent]s ! muscle 7fig4 #ed74 ,illu/ration3 ,knife slic+ (f backbone us+ a knife ,figure #ec4--;,backbone removal4 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ (f l[] leg ,figure #ed4--,remov+ l[] %ank4 ,! leg may be fur!r trimm$ by cutt+ ?r\gh ! knee or 8/ifle0 jo9t to remove ! %ank4 ,?is jo9t is locat$ ab\t halfway betwe5 :]e ! muscles ( ! %ank end & ! muscles ( ! l[] leg beg94 ,cut into ! tissues ov] ! bones until y locate ! jo9t & "w ! knife ?r\gh x 7fig4 #ee74 ,cont9ue cutt+ /raight across ! heel ( ! leg4 ,illu/ration3 ,knife slic+ ?r\gh /ifle jo9t us+ a knife ,figure #ee4--,/ifle jo9t4 ,sev]al sirlo9 *ops may be remov$ by knife & saw cuts made p>allel to ! cut sep>at+ ! leg f ! lo9 7fig4 #ef74 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ (f *ops ,figure #ef4--,sirlo9 *ops4 ,split ! lo9 ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! backbone & remove ! flank ab\t #a in* f ! lo9 8eye0 7figs4 #eg & #eh74 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ lo9 9 half along backbone ,figure #eg4--,splitt+ lo94 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ (f flank edge ,figure #eh4--,remov+ flank edge4 ,lo9 *ops are made by cutt+ p]p5dicul> to ! backbone 7fig4 #ei74 ,usually *ops are cut ( an in* to an in* ?ick4 ,d\bles or 8,engli%0 lo9 *ops are made f a lo9 :i* has n be5 split 7fig4 #fj74 ,! flank portion may be gr\nd or made into /ew4 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ across lo9 ,figure #ei4--,prep>+ lo9 *ops4 ,illu/ration3 ,lo9 *ops display$ ,figure #fj4--,lo9 *ops4 ,remove ! fell membrane f ea* sirlo91 lo91 & rib *op be=e cook+2 ! fell becomes h>d 9 fry+4 ,:5 ! *op is cold ! fell peels (f easily2 />t peel+ at ! l[] end ( ! *op 7fig4 #fa74 ,illu/ration3 ,man pull+ membrane away f *op ,figure #fa4--,remov+ fell membrane4 ,leave ! fell on ! leg & %\ld] roa/s to less5 ! evaporation ( meat juices4 ,clean fell on roa/s1 *ops1 or /ews w n affect flavor4 ,! rib %\ld be split some:at diff]5tly ?an ! o!r primal cuts 7figs4 #fb & #fc74 ,! backbone is n split b is remov$ by cutt+ ?r\gh ! ribs along ! ridge :]e !y jo9 ! backbone4 ,cont9ue cutt+ close to ! backbone to sep>ate "o rib section4 ,repeat ?is cut along ! opposite side ( ! backbone to sep>ate x f ! o!r rib section4 ,remove ! brea/ portion by cutt+ approximately #b in*es f ! rib 8eye0 7fig4 #fd74 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ ?r\gh ribs at backbone us+ a knife ,figure #fb4--,splitt+ rib4 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ ?r\gh ribs at backbone ,figure #fc4--,splitt+ rib4 ,illu/ration3 ,knife slic+ ?r\gh ribs ,figure #fd4--,sep>at+ brea/ f rib4 ,rib *ops are easily made by cutt+ betwe5 ! ribs 7fig4 #fe74 ,remove ! fell be=e cook+4 ,! brea/ portion may be b>becu$ 9 "o piece or made into riblets by cutt+ betwe5 ! ribs 7fig4 #ff74 ,illu/ration3 ,knife slic+ rib *ops ( rib rack ,figure #fe4--,prep>+ rib *ops4 ,illu/ration3 ,rib *ops & brea/ display$ ,figure #ff4--,rib *ops & brea/4 ,aft] splitt+1 ! %\ld] may be roa/$ z is1 made into *ops1 or bon$ & roll$ to make a m easily c>v$ roa/ 7figs4 #fg & #fh74 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ ?r\gh %\ld] ,figure #fg4--,splitt+ %\ld]4 ,illu/ration3 ,*ops & roa/s display$ ,figure #fh4--,%\ld] *ops & roa/s4 ,arm *ops %\ld be made fir/ by cutt+ p>allel to ! surface made :5 ! =eleg & brea/ 7 remov$4 ,only two or ?ree arm *ops %\ld be made 7fig4 #fi74 ,blade *ops are made by cutt+ betwe5 ! ribs & saw+ ?r\gh ! blade & backbone4 ,illu/ration3 ,saw cutt+ ?r\gh %\ld] ,figure #fi4--,prep>+ arm *ops4 ,to prep>e a boneless %\ld]1 fir/ remove ! ribs & backbone by cutt+ closely und]nea? ! ribs foll[+ _! curvature2 !n cutt+ along & ov] ! backbone & neck v]tebrae to remove !m 7fig4 #gj74 ,/>t at ! re> surface & cut along ! l[] edge ( ! blade bone to lift ! und]ly+ muscles expos+ ! blade bone & arm bone 7fig4 #ga74 ,cut along ! edges ( ^! bones & !n lift ! ov]-ly+ meat & cut close to ! top surface ( ^! bones to remove !m 7fig4 #gb74 ,! blade bone has a ridge :i* runs close to & ne>ly p>allel to its %ort] edge4 ,try n to cut ?r\gh ! sk9 surface :5 cutt+ ov] ?is ridge4 ,! boneless meat %\ld be roll$ s t ! %\ld] 8eye0 is l5g?wise 9 ! roa/4 ,! %\ld] 8eye0 is locat$ "u ! flat surface ( ! %\ld] blade4 ,roll ! meat z tightly z possible1 !n tie securely ) /rong tw9e or cord 7fig4 #fh74 ,! boneless %\ld] may be made into a pocket roa/ & /uff$ ) gr\nd lamb or o!r dress+4 ,! edges ( ! meat are lac$ toge!r aft] /uff+4 ,illu/ration3 ,knife slic+ (f ribs on %\ld] ,figure #gj4--;,bon+ %\ld]4 ,illu/ration3 ,knife expos+ blade bone ,figure #ga4--;,bon+ %\ld]4 ,illu/ration3 ,display ( boneless %\ld] & remov$ bones ,figure #gb4--;,bon$ %\ld]4 ,! l[] %ank bones ( ! =eleg are remov$ by cutt+ or saw+ ?r\gh ! jo9t4 ,! =eleg & h9d %ank are (t5 b>becu$1 cut into /ew1 or bon$1 & ! meat gr\nd4 ,! brea/ c be cut into /ew1 bon$ & roll$1 gr\nd1 or made into a pocket roa/ by cutt+ "u & close to ! ribs to =m a pocket :i* c be /uff$4 ,! edges are !n lac$ toge!r 7fig4 #gc74 ,illu/ration3 ,display ( brea/ & =e%ank ,figure #gc4--;,brea/ & =e%ank4 ,wrapp+ ,imm$iately aft] *ill+ & cutt+1 meat mu/ be prop]ly wrapp$1 quickly froz51 & /or$ at #j ,f or l[] until ne$$4 ,prop] wrapp+ is ess5tial to ma9ta9 meat quality2 !re=e1 "o %\ld3 ,use moi/ure-vapor pro( wrap su* z heavily wax$ freez] pap] or specifically lam9at$ pap]4 ,prep>e conv5i5t family-siz$ packages4 ,wrap meat closely1 elim9at+ z mu* air z possible4 ,improp] wrapp+ w all[ air to ent] & result 9 8freez] burn0 & rancidity4 ,use a prop] wrapp+ proc$ure 7fig4 #gd74 ,label & date ea* package prop]ly4 ,illu/ration3 ,draw+ %[+ #e /eps to wrapp+ meat ,figure #gd4--,wrapp+ proc$ure4 ,,freez+ ,,& ,,froz5 ,,/orage ,:5 freez+ l>ge quantities ( meat1 x is be/ to use a comm]cial e/abli%m5t = fa/ freez+4 ,s9ce a lamb c>cass w yield only #gj to #ge p]c5t usable retail cuts or ab\t #ch p\nds f a #ej p\nd lamb c>cass1 ! home freez] w adequately h&le ?is am\nt4 ,:5 us+ ! home freez] be sure to3 ,clean & defro/ freez]4 ,freeze meat at -#aj or l[]4 ,freeze only ! am\nt ( meat t w freeze 9 #bd h\rs4 ,all[ ample air circulation by n ov]pack+ ! freez]4 ,9 ! freez] ma9ta9 #j ,f or less = /orage4 ,rememb]1 prop] wrapp+ & freez+ does n improve quality b ma9ta9s orig9al quality4 ,x is safe to refreeze meat t has be5 kept bel[ #dj ,f dur+ ?aw+4 ,h[ev]1 refreez+ is n usually recomm5d$ because !re is "s loss ( meat quality4 ,lamb cuts %\ld be utiliz$ )9 #f to #i mon?s aft] freez+2 gr\nd & /ew lamb )9 #c to #d mon?s4 ,long] /orage results 9 l[]$ quality4 ,,meat ,,cook]y ,t5d] cuts ( meat are be/ cook$ ) dry heat su* z broil+1 roa/+1 & panbroil+4 ,less t5d] cuts ( meat are t5d]iz$ by cook+ ) moi/ heat4 ,connective tissue is s(t5$ & t5d]iz$ by cook+ sl[ly 9 moi/ure4 ,temp]ature control is v important 9 meat cook]y4 ,meat loses moi/ure1 fat1 & o!r volatile sub/ances dur+ cook+4 ,h[ev]1 "s ( ! meat juices & fat may be reta9$ 9 ! pan dripp+s4 ,cook+ losses c be controll$ by controll+ ! ov5 cook+ temp]ature & f9al int]nal temp]ature ( ! meat4 ,%r9kage is increas$ :5 hot ov5 temp]atures are us$ = cook+ & :5 ! meat is cook$ to a high] int]nal temp]ature4 ,! meat !rmomet] is ! mo/ accurate guide to ! degree ( don5ess ( meat4 ,cook+ "t c be us$ z a guide to ! degree ( don5ess1 b ?is may be influ5c$ by fat & moi/ure cont5t1 & %ape or size ( ! cut4 ,fre% lamb is usually cook$ to an int]nal temp]ature ( #agj to #ahj ,f 7#gg to #hb ,c74 ,*ops or roa/s f ! leg1 lo91 back1 or %\ld] are suit$ to dry heat cook]y me?ods su* z broil+ or roa/+4 ,o!r cuts f ! lamb c>cass su* z /ew meat1 neck slices1 lamb riblets1 & %ank are be/ suit$ to moi/ cook]y me?ods su* z brais+4 ,lamb %\ld be s]v$ hot & n all[$ to cool be=e s]v+4 ,m detail$ in/ructions = cook+ proc$ures c be obta9$ f ! foll[+ s\rces3 ,,usda ,beef ,slaught]+ ,bullet91 ,,fb #bbji ,,usda ,lamb 9 ,family ,meals1 ,,hg #abd ,lessons on ,meat ,national ,live ,/ock & ,meat ,bo>d #cf ,s\? ,waba% ,av5ue1 ,*icago1 #aaa4 #fjfjc ,,pres]v+ ,,lamb ,,pelts ,select pelts = pres]v+ :i* are free ( num]\s holes & :i* h relatively clean fleece4 ,! day ! pelt is remov$1 wa% ! fleece ?or\ghly ) cold wat]4 ,high pressure wat] c be us$ if ! fleece is extremely dirty4 ,remove any l>ge pieces ( connective tissue or fle% adh]+ to ! pelt4 ,9 a cool1 dry %elt] or build+1 spread ! pelt1 wool d[n1 on ! floor & cov] ) an ev5 lay] ( salt4 ,a small am\nt ( alum c be add$ to ! salt4 ,take c>e to put salt on all ! edges4 ,salt$ pelts may be pil$ on top ( "o ano!r1 all pelts fleece d[n4 ,cur+ "t %\ld be #ae to #cj days4 ,*eck ! salt cov]+ weekly4 ,aft] cur+1 ! pelt c be scrap$ to remove connective tissue or fle%4 ,neatsfoot oil c be rubb$ into ! pelt to make x s(t & flexible4 ,! fleece c be comb$ & bru%$4 ,u4,s4 ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice3 #aigg ,o-#bdd-jij ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes #a4 ,sil5tly correct$ typographical errors & v>iations 9 spell+4 #b4 ,illu/rations replac$ ) ! text #8,illu/ration' or #8,illu/ration3 "s descriptive text'4 ,! illu/ration caption is on ! foll[+ l9e4 ,due to ! in/ructional nature ( ?is text1 ext5sive illu/ration descriptions h be5 add$ to ?is text only v]sion4 #c4 ,! orig9al 0 pr9t$ 9 two column text ) illu/rations sometimes spann+ bo? columns4 ,9 ord] to r$uce ambiguity1 ! illu/rations h be5 mov$ adjac5t to ! p>agraph t ref]s to !m4 #d4 ,footnotes h be5 r5umb]$4 #e4 ,italicis$ words are enclos$ by und]scores4