,illustration3 ,successful ,baking for ,flavor and ,texture ,,successful ,baking ,,for ,,flavor ,,and ,,texture ,tested ,recipes ,,by ,martha ,lee ,anderson #fth ,,edition ,,church ,,dwight ,,company1 ,,inc4 #gj ,,pine ,,street1 ,,new ,,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,copyright1 #aicg ,,by ,,church ,,dwight ,,co4 ,,inc41 ,n4 ,y4 ,helpful ,kitchen ,hints--pages #cd-ch ,,introduction ,illustration3 ,baking ,soda boxes ,you may use these recipes with confidence4 ,you will find that we have carefully selected a most pleasing variety of old favorites and new1 delicious tempters4 ,many are pictured in color1 so you can see what your results will be4 ,all have been critically tested 444 for your protection4 ,for the first time1 you may observe the rich flavor and delicate texture of baked products leavened and lightened with nature's fruit juices and nature's acids1 combined with baking soda4 ,the crumb1 soft as velvet1 the moisture thoroughly retained and the color1 rich and inviting1 are outstanding results of this natural leavening4 ,you don't need to wait for milk to sour1 either2 but 444 the secret of successful baking is in these pages 444 read them4 ,we invite you to practice this art women regard so highly 444 successful baking4 ,martha ,lee ,anderson ,research ,test ,kitchen ,church ,dwight ,co41 ,inc4 ,a ,secret for successful baking ,successful baking is another way of keeping a family happy4 ,for who isn't filled with the joy of living when tempted by the penetrating aroma of ,gingerbread1 rich and spicy 444 or a piece of luscious velvety ,chocolate ,cake1 full of flavor8 ,what adds more zest to a meal than a surprise plate of hot breads 444 fragrant ,cinnamon ,buns1 maybe ,lemon ,clover ,rolls1 delicate ,soda ,biscuits or ,old ,fashioned ,corn ,bread8 ,the secret for making these successfully is as 8old as the hills0 but as new as the morrow4 ,baking soda6 ,yes1 grandmother used it in her prized recipes and the modern homemaker finds it making her baking day a success4 ,arm ,hammer ,brand and ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda are refined bicarbonate of soda whose standard of purity is that set up by the ,united ,states ,pharmacopoeia4 ,for over #ij years this mild1 healthful1 alkaline substance has been creating baking history4 ,all these years homemakers have depended on baking soda to make their baked products deliciously moist and delicately light and tender4 8,how10 asks the inexperienced homemaker1 8does baking soda make cakes1 cookies and quick breads light and tender every time80 ,baking soda has stored in it a tremendous quantity of carbon dioxide gas1 the same gas found in soda water and ginger ale4 ,this is released when it comes in contact with any acid material such as the many mild acids naturally found in cooking ingredients4 ,among those ingredients are chocolate1 cocoa1 brown sugar1 tomato juice1 sour milk1 buttermilk1 apple sauce1 spices1 cottage cheese1 molasses1 vinegar1 citrus fruit juices and many more4 ,these acid ingredients are familiar to everyone4 ,one or more of them1 you will notice1 is used almost every time you bake4 ,the baking soda gently but surely reacts with these natural acids1 freeing millions of tiny carbon dioxide bubbles which are held enmeshed in the batters and doughs4 ,as this gas expands during the baking1 the product becomes light and tender4 ,thus it is that baking soda uses nature's own unrivaled acids to leaven and lighten baked products4 ,success ,assured ,leavening nature's way is surprisingly easy4 ,the acid content of citrus fruit juices or vinegar may be used to develop the unsurpassed flavor and texture associated with baking soda products4 ,the following amounts1 #a tablespoons vinegar 7#d teaspoons7 #a tablespoons lemon juice 7#d teaspoons7 cup orange juice 7#ab tablespoons7 may be used with teaspoon baking soda4 ,many of the recipes in this booklet are especially designed for this natural combination of baking soda and acid juices4 ,sometimes the acid is added last as in the 8,lemon ,loaf ,cake0 on page #aa1 while in the 8,lemon ,clover ,rolls10 page #bh1 it is combined with the liquid1 then added to the mixture4 ,in any case1 you will be pleased with the results4 ,,important6 ,you don't need natural sour milk or buttermilk to prepare your old time favorite delicacies4 ,it is the acid normally found in these ingredients which reacts with baking soda for leavening4 ,if sour milk or buttermilk with its natural acid is not available1 you may provide the necessary acid by using citrus fruit juices or vinegar with sweet milk4 ,it is surprisingly simple to change sweet milk to milk that contains as much acid as natural sour milk or buttermilk when it is at its best for baking4 ,for example1 when vinegar is used to provide this acid1 place #a tablespoons vinegar 7white vinegar makes a whiter product7 in a standard measuring cup1 then fill to the one-cup mark with sweet milk4 ,mix well4 ,the resulting liquid can be used in place of sour milk or buttermilk in any baking soda recipe4 ,use #a tablespoons lemon juice or cup orange juice in a similar manner4 ,in many of these recipes1 designed in our ,research ,test ,kitchen1 one or more acid ingredient is used to create perfect leavening with baking soda4 ,follow these recipes accurately and carefully1 then enjoy the finer flavor and even texture produced when baking with baking soda4 ,how to ,bake ,illustration3 ,how to ,bake ,,flour4 ,preferably use the kind of flour specified in the recipe4 ,if you substitute cake or pastry flour for all-purpose flour1 use #b additional tablespoonfuls of flour for each cup required2 to substitute all-purpose flour for cake or pastry flour1 remove #b tablespoonfuls of flour from each cup4 ,,fats4 ,solid fats can be used interchangeably4 ,melted fats or oils should not be used in recipes specifying creaming of the shortening4 ,,liquid4 ,the use of citrus fruit juices1 lemon and orange1 is the most recent accompaniment with sweet milk and baking soda for leavening4 ,with the health-giving qualities1 this new use for fruit juices in baking is widely accepted4 ,sweet milk may be used in place of sour milk if clabbered artificially4 ,to sour or clabber sweet milk quickly1 place #a tablespoonfuls of lemon juice or #a tablespoonfuls of vinegar 7white vinegar makes a whiter product7 in a standard measuring cup1 then fill to the one-cup mark with sweet milk4 ,mix well4 ,the resulting liquid will contain as much acid as natural sour milk or buttermilk when it is at its best for baking1 and may be used exactly as natural sour milk or buttermilk in any baking soda recipe4 ,,measuring4 ,always use level measurements4 ,use standard measuring equipment3 a pint cup marked in quarters and thirds2 a set of standard measuring spoons consisting of a tablespoon1 teaspoon1 teaspoon and teaspoon4 ,,mixing4 ,there is no such thing as 8luck0 in baking4 ,success depends on good ingredients correctly combined4 ,follow the directions carefully as set down in the following recipes4 ,,baking4 ,keep the oven at the temperature specified in the recipe4 ,you have mastered an important part of baking1 if you keep your oven under control4 ,oven regulators and thermometers safeguard baking4 ,,care ,,after ,,baking4 ,let cakes stand in pan on cooling rack for #c to #e minutes after baking2 then turn out on rack and finish cooling before frosting4 ,cookies should also be cooled on a rack4 ,illustration3 ,,always ,,sift ,,flour ,illustration3 ,,use ,,standard ,,measuring ,,equipment ,illustration3 ,,follow ,,recipes ,,carefully ,illustration3 ,,after ,,baking ,,let ,,cakes ,,and ,,cookies ,,cool ,facts regarding plain white flour ,illustration3 ,facts regarding plain white flour ,in ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda recipes1 certain types of flour are used or specified simply to indicate that such a flour gives the most desirable characteristics to that particular baked product1 but it does not mean that another type of flour cannot be substituted1 nor that an inferior product will result if a correct substitution is made4 ,,bread ,,flour4 ,this is used to a large extent by commercial bakers and generally is made from hard wheats3 it contains a high percentage of a protein product known as gluten4 ,the gluten in this flour is hard1 capable of taking up and retaining a large quantity of water4 ,this type of flour is admirably adapted for bread making1 since the strong gluten gives an excellent skeleton to the loaf4 ,such a flour is seldom used in the home today1 except by those who make large quantities of home-made white bread4 ,usually1 the gluten is present in this flour to the extent of #aa to #ab4 ,,general ,,purpose ,,or ,,family ,,flour4 ,this flour is intended to fill all needs and1 consequently1 is made by blending flours from soft and hard wheats4 ,it contains a moderate amount of medium hard gluten1 and is used in baking hot breads1 such as muffins and scones4 ,however1 it can be used for pastries as well4 ,when employed in place of pastry or cake flour1 two level tablespoonfuls less per cup should be used4 ,general-purpose flours range in gluten content from #aj to #aa and1 in this respect1 are about half way between bread and true pastry or cake flours4 ,,pastry ,,or ,,cake ,,flour4 ,such flours not only have the lowest gluten content1 but a weak soft gluten as well1 and are very satisfactory for making all pastries except such items as fruit cakes4 ,these are preferably made with all-purpose flour1 to support the fruit and maintain a desirable structure4 ,pastry flours contain #i to #aj gluten and are made from various types of soft wheat4 ,special cake flours belong to the pastry flour class1 but are finer in texture4 ,they are slightly lower in gluten content 7#h to #i71 and the gluten is even softer4 ,pastry flour gives baked products a tender thin crust and a delicate crumb4 ,pastry flour can neither absorb nor retain moisture like bread and all-purpose flours and1 therefore1 sour milk or buttermilk is splendidly adapted for use with this flour1 since both are capable of retaining moisture4 ,if all-purpose or family flour is specified in a recipe1 and only pastry is available1 increase the pastry flour slightly 7two tablespoonfuls for every cup of family flour specified74 ,when pastry flour is used in biscuit recipes1 the dough is rather soft and inclined to be somewhat difficult to roll4 ,instead of further increasing the pastry flour to stiffen the dough1 better results are realized by using the dough for dropped biscuits4 ,flour1 baking soda and many other similar materials should be stored in a dry cool place1 free from odors4 ,illustration3 uncaptioned ,cakes ,illustration3 ,cakes ,,orange ,,loaf #b cups pastry flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #b eggs ,grated rind of #a orange cup orange juice1 strained #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,add the orange rind4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and orange juice1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,turn into a greased paper lined loaf pan4 ,bake4 #f4 ,when cool frost with ,coconut ,orange ,frosting4 ,amount3 #f #aj inch pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #ej minutes ,see page #h ,,marble ,,cake #b cups pastry flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #b eggs #b tablespoons lemon juice cup sweet milk teaspoon vanilla #a teaspoon cinnamon teaspoon cloves teaspoon nutmeg teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a tablespoon molasses #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the #a teaspoon baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,combine the lemon juice and milk4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and the liquid1 a small amount at a time1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,divide batter in two equal parts4 #f4 ,to part one1 add the vanilla4 #g4 ,to the other1 add the well mixed teaspoon baking soda and spices1 then the molasses4 ,blend well4 #h4 ,place batter in greased loaf pan by spoonfuls1 alternating the light and dark batters1 thus giving a marbled effect4 ,bake4 #i4 ,frost with ,butter ,frosting4 ,amount3 #i #e inch pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #de-ej minutes ,see page #h ,,date ,,nut ,,layer ,,cake #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #b eggs #a cup buttermilk #a cup dates1 very finely cut #a cup nutmeats1 coarsely chopped #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda and salt4 ,all-purpose flour is used to prevent settling of dates to the bottom of the cake4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and the liquid1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,quickly fold in the dates and nuts which have been floured with #a tablespoon of the dry ingredients4 #f4 ,turn into greased layer cake pans4 ,bake4 #g4 ,frost with ,maple ,cream ,frosting4 ,amount3 #b--i inch pans ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #cj-ce minutes ,,sour ,,milk ,,chocolate ,,cake #b cups pastry flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #b eggs #b squares 7#b ounces7 unsweetened chocolate #a cup sour milk #a teaspoon vanilla #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,gradually add the chocolate which has been melted and cooled4 #e4 ,stir the vanilla into the milk4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and the liquid1 a small amount at a time1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #f4 ,turn into a greased loaf pan4 ,bake4 #g4 ,frost with ,soft ,chocolate ,icing4 ,amount3 #h #h inch pan ,temperature3 #cbe ,f4 ,time3 #fj minutes ,,dessert ,,gingerbread #a cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a teaspoon ginger cup shortening cup sugar #a egg cup molasses cup boiling water #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and ginger4 #b4 ,cream the shortening until it is light and fluffy4 ,add the sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,next1 add the unbeaten egg1 beating briskly4 #d4 ,add the molasses4 ,then add the dry ingredients1 beating until smooth4 ,stir in boiling water4 #e4 ,turn into greased loaf pan4 ,bake4 ,amount3 #h #h inch pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #cj-dj minutes ,see page #h ,,lemon ,,loaf ,,cake #b cups pastry flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #b eggs cup sweet milk #a tablespoons lemon juice #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and the liquid1 beating until smooth after each addition4 ,add lemon juice1 blending in well4 #e4 ,turn into greased loaf pan4 ,bake4 #f4 ,cover with ,lemon ,filling and top with recipe of ,fluffy ,frosting4 ,amount3 #h #h inch pan ,temperature #cej ,f4 ,time3 #de minutes ,see page #ag ,,thanksgiving ,,steamed ,,pudding #c cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoons salt teaspoon cloves teaspoon mace teaspoon allspice teaspoon cinnamon #a cup suet1 finely ground #a cup molasses #a cup sweet milk #a cups seedless raisins1 chopped #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,combine suet1 molasses and milk4 #c4 ,to the suet mixture1 add the dry ingredients1 beating until smooth4 ,add raisins4 #d4 ,turn into a well greased pan or mold4 ,cover4 ,steam #c hours4 #e4 ,serve with ,hard ,sauce or ,foamy ,sauce4 ,amount3 #ab servings ,,dark ,,fruit ,,cake #e cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt teaspoon cloves teaspoon cinnamon teaspoon mace #a pound butter1 or other shortening #a pound sifted brown sugar #h eggs pound each candied cherries1 citron1 orange and lemon peel1 finely sliced #a pound almonds1 blanched and shredded #a pound seedless raisins #a pound currants cup water #a cup honey cup molasses #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,add the fruits and nuts1 then add water1 honey and molasses4 #e4 ,add dry ingredients1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #f4 ,turn into #b paper-lined tube pans4 ,bake4 ,amount3 #aj pounds ,temperature3 #bej ,f4 ,time3 #c hours ,,baked ,,prune ,,pudding #a cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt teaspoon cinnamon cup butter1 or other shortening cup sugar #a egg cup juice from prunes #a cup stewed prunes1 drained and finely chopped cup nutmeats1 coarsely cut #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda1 salt and cinnamon4 #b4 ,cream the butter until it is light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,briskly stir in the well beaten egg4 #d4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and prune juice1 a small amount at a time1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,last1 carefully stir in the prunes and nutmeats4 #f4 ,turn into a greased tube pan4 ,bake4 #g4 ,serve with whipped cream4 ,amount3 #b qt4 tube pan ,temperature3 #cge ,f4 ,time3 #a hour ,,favorite ,,spice ,,cake #b cups pastry flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #b teaspoons cinnamon teaspoon cloves teaspoon nutmeg cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sifted brown sugar1 firmly packed #b eggs cup sweet milk #b tablespoons vinegar #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,cream butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as thick as whipped cream4 #d4 ,combine vinegar and milk4 ,alternately add the dry and the liquid ingredients1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,turn into a greased cake pan4 ,bake in a moderate oven4 #f4 ,frost with ,butter ,frosting4 ,amount3 #h #h inch pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #dj-de minutes ,,red ,,devil',s ,,cake #b cups pastry flour #a teaspoons ,arm ,hammer ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #b eggs #b squares 7#b ounces7 unsweetened chocolate #a teaspoon vanilla cup sour milk or buttermilk cup boiling water #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition until light and fluffy4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 ,gradually add the chocolate which has been melted and cooled4 #d4 ,stir the vanilla into the milk4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and the milk1 beating until smooth after each addition4 ,add the boiling water and beat in well4 #e4 ,turn into a greased cake pan4 ,bake4 #f4 ,frost with ,quick ,butterscotch ,icing4 ,let cake stand two hours before cutting to allow the red color to develop4 ,amount3 #b--h inch layers ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #be-cj minutes ,see page #ag ,,honey ,,diamonds #b cups pastry flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt teaspoon cinnamon cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sifted brown sugar1 firmly packed cup honey #b eggs cup sweet milk ,nutmeats #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and cinnamon4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,combine honey and eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as stiff as whipped cream4 ,add to the butter-sugar mixture4 ,blend well4 #d4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and milk1 beating after each addition4 #e4 ,turn into a greased shallow cake pan4 ,bake4 #f4 ,frost with ,butter ,icing4 ,garnish with nutmeats4 ,cut in diamond shaped pieces4 ,amount3 #i #i inch pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #de-ej minutes ,see page #h ,,fruit ,,cup ,,cakes #b cups pastry flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a teaspoon cinnamon teaspoon allspice cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sifted brown sugar1 firmly packed #b eggs #a tablespoons vinegar cup sweet milk #a cup dates1 finely cut #a cup nutmeats1 coarsely cut cup citron1 sliced #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the eggs which have been beaten until they are almost as thick as whipped cream4 #d4 ,combine vinegar and milk4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and the liquid1 a small amount at a time1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,lastly add fruit and nuts4 #f4 ,fill greased muffin tins full4 ,amount3 #c dozen small cakes ,temperature3 #cge ,f4 ,time3 #bj-be minutes ,see page #ag ,,apple ,,sauce ,,cake #b cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt teaspoon cloves teaspoon nutmeg #a teaspoon cinnamon cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sugar #a egg #a cup raisins1 chopped #a cup nutmeats1 coarsely broken #a cup thick apple sauce #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and spice4 #b4 ,cream the butter well4 ,gradually add sugar1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,add the egg1 beating well1 then the raisins and nuts4 #d4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients and apple sauce1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,turn into a greased loaf pan4 ,bake4 ,amount3 #i #i inch pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #a hour #ae minutes ,,chocolate ,,nut ,,cake #a cups pastry flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening cup sugar #a egg cup nutmeats1 coarsely cut #b ounces 7#b squares7 unsweetened chocolate cup sour milk or buttermilk #a teaspoon vanilla #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add the sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the egg which has been beaten until it is almost as stiff as whipped cream4 #d4 ,add the nutmeats1 then the chocolate which has been melted and cooled4 #e4 ,combine the vanilla and sour milk4 ,alternately add the dry and liquid ingredients1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #f4 ,turn into greased pan and bake in moderate oven4 ,amount3 #h #h inch pan or a tube pan ,temperature3 #cej ,f4 ,time3 #dj-de minutes ,see page #ag ,frostings ,illustration3 ,frostings ,,orange ,,coconut ,,frosting #c tablespoons butter #b cups confectioners sugar cup orange juice cup grated coconut #a4 ,cream butter until very soft4 #b4 ,add sugar gradually1 thinning with orange juice to spreading consistency4 ,beat until smooth4 #c4 ,beat coconut into frosting4 ,amount3 #a cups ,see page #h ,,foamy ,,sauce cup butter #a cup confectioners sugar #b egg yolks cup brandy #b egg whites #a4 ,cream butter until light and lemon colored4 #b4 ,gradually add sugar1 beating until light and fluffy4 #c4 ,add egg yolks1 one at a time1 beating until well blended4 #d4 ,add brandy4 ,place in upper part of double boiler over simmering water and cook until thickened1 stirring constantly4 #e4 ,pour slowly over egg whites which have been stiffly beaten4 ,blend gently but thoroughly4 ,serve immediately4 ,amount3 #b cups ,,maple ,,cream ,,frosting cup maple syrup #a pound confectioners sugar cup butter1 melted cup milk ,dash of salt #a4 ,heat maple syrup to boiling and cook #c minutes4 #b4 ,combine sugar1 butter1 milk and salt4 #c4 ,add syrup and beat until light and thick4 #d4 ,this makes sufficient frosting to generously cover tops of two #i-;inch layers4 ,,butter ,,frosting #d tablespoons butter #b cups confectioners sugar #b tablespoons milk #a teaspoon vanilla #a4 ,cream butter until very soft4 #b4 ,add sugar gradually1 thinning with milk until it is of spreading consistency4 #c4 ,add vanilla4 ,beat until smooth4 ,amount3 #a cup ,see page #h ,illustration3 uncaptioned ,,quick ,,butterscotch ,,frosting #b tablespoons granulated sugar cup boiling water #b cups confectioners sugar cup milk #b tablespoons butter #a4 ,make a caramel syrup of the granulated sugar by heating it slowly over a flame until it melts and becomes straw colored4 ,remove from fire4 ,add boiling water carefully as it spatters4 ,stir until sugar is dissolved4 #b4 ,cream butter until soft4 ,add cup of confectioners sugar4 ,then add sugar syrup1 beating well4 ,add remaining confectioners sugar gradually1 thinning with milk to a spreading consistency4 ,,fluffy ,,frosting #a cup sugar #b egg whites #d tablespoons cold water teaspoon cream of tartar ,dash of salt teaspoon vanilla #a4 ,combine sugar1 unbeaten egg whites1 water1 cream of tartar and salt in upper part of double boiler4 #b4 ,place over boiling water and beat constantly with rotary type beater until frosting will stand in peaks1 or about #g minutes4 ,add vanilla last4 ,amount3 #c cups ,see page #ag ,,soft ,,chocolate ,,frosting #a cup confectioners sugar #a egg ,dash of salt #b squares 7#b ounces7 unsweetened chocolate teaspoon vanilla #a4 ,gradually add sugar to the slightly beaten egg4 ,beat until smooth and light4 #b4 ,add salt and melted chocolate1 blending well4 ,add vanilla4 ,cool before spreading4 #c4 ,this makes sufficient to cover tops and sides of an #h #h inch loaf cake4 ,,lemon ,,filling ,juice and grated rind of #a lemon cup sugar cup water #b tablespoons cornstarch #b tablespoons water #a egg yolk #a4 ,combine lemon juice1 rind1 sugar and cup water4 ,slowly bring this mixture to boiling point4 #b4 ,make a smooth paste of cornstarch and the #b tablespoons of water4 ,add slowly to syrup1 stirring constantly4 ,cook until mixture is thick and clear1 or about #e minutes4 ,remove from heat4 #c4 ,add small amount to slightly beaten egg yolk4 ,beat vigorously4 ,return to remaining mixture and blend well4 ,cool4 ,amount3 #a cups ,see page #ag ,cookies ,illustration3 ,cookies ,,coconut ,,icebox ,,cookies #d cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoon salt #a teaspoon cinnamon #a cup melted butter1 or other shortening #a cup granulated sugar cup sifted brown sugar1 firmly packed #b eggs #b cups shredded coconut cup sweet milk #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and cinnamon4 #b4 ,combine melted shortening1 granulated sugar1 brown sugar1 well beaten eggs1 coconut and milk4 ,reserve part of coconut for garnish if desired4 #c4 ,to this mixture blend in the dry ingredients4 #d4 ,form into two rolls #f inches long4 ,wrap in wax paper4 ,place in refrigerator until thoroughly chilled or as needed4 #e4 ,cut inch slices from roll as required4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #d dozen cookies ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #e-h minutes ,see page #bj ,,soft ,,molasses ,,cookies #d cups all-purpose flour #b teaspoons ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #c teaspoons ginger #a teaspoon salt #a cup butter1 or other shortening #a cup sifted brown sugar1 firmly packed #b eggs cup molasses cup sour milk ,granulated sugar #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 ginger and salt4 #b4 ,cream shortening1 add sugar gradually and beat until light and fluffy4 #c4 ,blend in the well beaten eggs4 ,then add molasses and continue beating4 #d4 ,alternately add the dry ingredients with the milk1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,chill dough in refrigerator several hours4 #f4 ,turn onto floured board4 ,roll to -inch thickness and cut with scalloped cooky cutter1 or form a roll of the dough and cut slices inch thick4 ,sprinkle with granulated sugar4 #g4 ,place on greased baking sheet4 ,bake in a hot oven4 ,amount3 #c dozen1 #c-;inch cookies ,temperature3 #djj ,f4 ,time3 #ab minutes ,illustration3 uncaptioned ,,fruit ,,cookies #c cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a teaspoon cinnamon #a teaspoon nutmeg cup butter #a cup sugar #b eggs cup molasses #a cup raisins #a cup nutmeats1 coarsely cut #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually4 #c4 ,slowly add the well beaten eggs1 then the molasses1 blending thoroughly4 #d4 ,add the dry ingredients1 beating until smooth4 #e4 ,last1 stir in the raisins and nuts4 #f4 ,chill in refrigerator until firm enough to handle4 #g4 ,turn onto a lightly floured board4 ,roll as thin as possible without causing dough to break4 ,cut with large size1 floured cutter4 #h4 ,bake on an ungreased baking sheet in a hot oven4 ,amount3 #c dozen cookies ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #h-aj minutes ,,frosted ,,chocolate ,,drops #a cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup butter1 or other shortening cup sugar #a egg #b squares 7#b ounces7 unsweetened chocolate #a teaspoon vanilla cup sweet milk cup nutmeats1 coarsely cut #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,slowly add the well beaten egg1 then the chocolate which has been melted and cooled4 #d4 ,stir vanilla into the milk4 ,alternately add dry ingredients and liquid1 beating until smooth after each addition4 ,stir in nutmeats4 #e4 ,drop by spoonfuls on ungreased baking sheet4 ,bake in hot oven4 #f4 ,when cool1 frost with ,soft ,chocolate ,frosting4 ,amount3 #c dozen cookies ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #h-aj minutes ,see page #bj ,,old ,,fashioned ,,molasses ,,cookies #h cups all-purpose flour #d teaspoons ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a tablespoon ginger #a teaspoon cinnamon #c cups molasses #a cup lard1 melted cup butter1 melted #aj tablespoons boiling water ,granulated sugar #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,combine the molasses1 melted shortening and boiling water4 #c4 ,to these liquid ingredients1 add #d cups of dry ingredients and blend well4 #d4 ,add remaining #d cups of dry ingredients gradually1 beating well after each addition4 #e4 ,let stand in a cool place about #a hour4 #f4 ,turn onto a lightly floured board4 ,roll inch thick4 ,cut with large1 floured cooky cutter4 ,sprinkle with granulated sugar4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #e dozen cookies ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #ae minutes ,,crisp ,,white ,,sugar ,,cookies #d cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a cups sugar #a cups butter1 or other shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk #b eggs #a teaspoon vanilla #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,cut the shortening into the dry ingredients until it is as fine as corn meal4 #c4 ,combine milk1 slightly beaten eggs and vanilla4 #d4 ,add the dry ingredients to the liquid ingredients1 beating until smooth4 #e4 ,cover dough closely with wax paper and chill in refrigerator overnight or several hours4 #f4 ,then turn dough on a lightly floured board and roll thin4 ,cut with a floured cooky cutter4 ,garnish4 ,keep dough cold as it becomes sticky and hard to handle when warm4 #g4 ,bake on ungreased baking sheet in a hot oven4 #h4 ,remove to cooling rack4 ,they will crisp as they cool4 ,amount3 #d dozen large cookies ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #h-aj minutes ,see page #bj ,,doughnuts #d cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoon salt teaspoon cinnamon teaspoon nutmeg #b eggs #b tablespoons shortening1 melted #a cup sugar #a cup sour milk #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift three times with the baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,beat eggs slightly4 ,combine beaten eggs1 shortening1 sugar and sour milk4 #c4 ,add flour mixture1 stirring as little as possible4 ,chill4 #d4 ,turn onto floured board4 ,roll or pat inch thick4 ,cut with floured doughnut cutter4 #e4 ,the fat1 when ready for frying doughnuts1 should be #cfj-cge ,f41 or it should brown a cube of bread in #fj seconds4 #f4 ,carefully drop each doughnut into the fat to prevent splashing4 ,fry not more than #d or #e doughnuts at one time or fat will be cooled too quickly4 ,fry to a delicate brown1 turning doughnuts once4 #g4 ,drain on unglazed paper and sprinkle with sugar4 ,amount3 #b dozen ,see page #bj ,,raisin ,,rocks #b cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoon salt teaspoon cloves #a teaspoon cinnamon teaspoon nutmeg cup butter1 or other shortening cup sugar #a egg cup sour milk cup molasses #a cup seedless raisins or currants cup nutmeats1 coarsely chopped #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift three times with baking soda1 salt and spices4 #b4 ,cream the butter until light and lemon colored4 ,add sugar gradually1 beating after each addition4 #c4 ,add the unbeaten egg1 blending well4 #d4 ,combine milk and molasses4 ,alternately add dry ingredients and the liquid1 beating until smooth after each addition4 #e4 ,add raisins and nuts4 ,drop by spoonfuls on ungreased baking sheet4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #c dozen ,rocks ,temperature3 #djj ,f4 ,time3 #aj-ab minutes ,see page #bj ,illustration3 uncaptioned ,biscuits ,illustration3 ,biscuits ,,soda ,,biscuits #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #d tablespoons shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk 7about7 #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,using the finger tips or a pastry blender1 rub or cut shortening into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,to sour cup sweet milk artificially and quickly1 place #a tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar 7preferably white vinegar as it makes a whiter biscuit7 in a measuring cup1 fill full with sweet milk and mix well4 #d4 ,make a well in the center of the mixture and turn in the sour milk or buttermilk all at once1 reserving about #a tablespoon of the liquid as it may not be required4 #e4 ,then stir to make a soft dough as quickly as possible1 using a fork4 ,add remainder of liquid if necessary4 #f4 ,as soon as the flour has been gathered together1 turn the dough onto a floured board4 ,the dough should be stiff but soft to the touch and not sticky4 #g4 ,knead the dough lightly for about #cj seconds1 using the palm of the hand and finger tips4 #h4 ,then pat or roll to a thickness of about inch4 ,cut with floured biscuit cutter4 #i4 ,place biscuits on ungreased baking sheet4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ab--b inch biscuits ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #ab-ae minutes ,see page #bd ,,cheese ,,tea ,,biscuits #a cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #d tablespoons shortening #a cup grated cheese cup sour milk or buttermilk #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 ,add cheese to this mixture4 #c4 ,add sour milk1 stirring quickly to form a soft dough4 #d4 ,drop by teaspoonfuls onto a baking sheet4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ah small biscuits ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #ab minutes ,,coffee ,,cake #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon salt #a cup sifted brown sugar1 firmly packed cup butter1 or other shortening #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoon cinnamon #a egg cup sour milk or buttermilk #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with salt4 ,add brown sugar and mix well4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it resembles coarse crumbs4 ,reserve cup of crumbs for topping4 #c4 ,to remainder1 add baking soda and cinnamon4 ,mix well4 #d4 ,combine well beaten egg and sour milk4 ,then add liquid to dry ingredients4 ,stir only until blended4 #e4 ,turn into a greased pan4 ,sprinkle with the cup crumbs and additional cinnamon4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,serve hot4 ,amount3 #h #h inch pan ,temperature3 #djj ,f4 ,time3 #cj minutes ,,cinnamon ,,buns #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a tablespoon sugar #d tablespoons shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk 7about7 ,butter cup sugar teaspoon cinnamon #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,add enough sour milk to make a stiff dough4 #d4 ,turn onto a floured board4 ,knead slightly4 #e4 ,roll into a rectangle inch thick4 ,spread with soft butter4 ,sprinkle with sugar and cinnamon4 #f4 ,roll as for jelly roll4 ,cut in slices inch thick4 ,spread an additional tablespoon butter in the bottom of the pan and sprinkle liberally with sugar4 ,add a few pecans1 if desired4 #g4 ,place rolls1 cut side down1 on sugar mixture4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,turn out of pan immediately4 ,serve sugared side up4 #h4 ,brown sugar may be used in place of white sugar to make butterscotch rolls4 ,amount3 #ab buns ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #ae-bj minutes ,see page #bd ,,individual ,,short ,,cakes #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk 7about7 ,butter ,strawberries1 crushed and sweetened #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,add enough sour milk to make a stiff dough4 ,turn onto a floured board4 ,knead slightly4 #d4 ,roll inch thick4 ,cut with #c-;inch floured biscuit cutter4 #e4 ,place half of biscuits on ungreased baking sheet4 ,brush with melted butter4 ,place remaining biscuits on top to form a second layer4 ,again brush with melted butter4 ,bake in hot oven4 #f4 ,break open and put fruit between and on top of layers4 ,garnish with whipped cream if desired4 ,amount3 #f servings ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #ae minutes ,,quick ,,rolls #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #b tablespoons shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk 7about7 ,melted butter #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,add enough milk to make a stiff dough4 ,turn onto a floured board4 ,knead for #b or #c minutes4 #d4 ,roll inch thick4 ,cut with #b-;inch cutter1 well floured4 ,fold in half1 pressing edges firmly together4 #e4 ,place slightly apart on a greased pan4 ,brush with melted butter1 cover and let stand #bj minutes in a warm place4 #f4 ,bake in hot oven #aj minutes1 then brush again with melted butter and complete baking #aj to #ae minutes4 ,brush with melted butter once more4 ,serve immediately4 ,amount3 #ab rolls ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #bj-be minutes ,see page #bd ,,lemon ,,clover ,,rolls #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup sugar cup shortening cup sweet milk #c tablespoons lemon juice #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,add the combined milk and lemon juice1 stirring quickly to form a soft dough4 #d4 ,turn onto a lightly floured board4 ,knead slightly4 #e4 ,form dough into balls about the size of marbles4 ,place #c balls in each muffin tin4 ,sprinkle with sugar4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ab rolls ,temperature3 #dej ,f4 ,time3 #bj minutes ,,apple ,,dumpling #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk 7about7 #a cups diced apples ,sugar and cinnamon ,butter #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,add enough sour milk to make a stiff dough4 #d4 ,turn onto floured board4 ,knead slightly4 #e4 ,roll into a rectangle about #bj inches long and #aj inches wide4 ,cut into eight #e-;inch squares4 #f4 ,place a small amount of apple in the center of each square4 ,sprinkle lightly with sugar and cinnamon4 ,dot generously with butter4 ,fold corners of square toward the center and join them over the apples4 ,place in greased baking pan4 ,bake in hot oven #ae minutes4 #g4 ,then pour over them a syrup of #a cup sugar and cup water that has been heated until all sugar is dissolved4 ,return to oven and bake #ae minutes longer4 ,serve hot with ,hard ,sauce4 ,amount3 #h dumplings ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #cj minutes ,see page #bd ,,cream ,,scones #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #b tablespoons sugar #d tablespoons shortening ,grated rind of #a orange 7optional7 cup sweet thin cream or top milk #d teaspoons vinegar #a egg #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,cut or rub in shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 ,add orange rind4 #c4 ,combine cream and vinegar4 ,add to flour mixture1 stirring quickly to form a stiff dough4 ,white vinegar makes a whiter product4 #d4 ,turn onto floured board4 ,knead slightly4 ,roll inch thick4 ,with a sharp knife1 cut in diamond shapes4 ,these may be cut in half lengthwise if desired4 ,brush thickly with slightly beaten egg4 #e4 ,place on ungreased baking sheet4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ab scones ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #aj-ab minutes ,,ham ,,rolls #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup shortening cup sour milk or buttermilk 7about7 #a cups boiled ham1 ground teaspoon dry mustard ,butter #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda and salt4 #b4 ,cut or rub in the shortening until it is as fine as coarse corn meal4 #c4 ,add enough sour milk1 stirring quickly1 to make a soft dough4 #d4 ,then turn onto a floured board4 ,knead slightly4 #e4 ,roll into a rectangle #aj inches by #f inches4 ,spread with soft butter1 then with the ground ham which has been mixed with the mustard4 #f4 ,fold the dough into three layers1 folding the long sides toward each other4 ,flatten slightly with rolling pin by rolling lengthwise4 ,cut with a sharp knife into strips #a inch wide4 #g4 ,stand rolls about inch apart on baking sheet4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ab rolls ,temperature3 #dge ,f4 ,time3 #ae-bj minutes ,muffins ,illustration3 ,muffins ,,whole ,,wheat ,,muffins #b cups whole wheat flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #d tablespoons sugar cup raisins #a egg1 well beaten #a cups sour milk or buttermilk #c tablespoons shortening #a4 ,combine flour1 baking soda1 salt1 sugar and raisins4 ,mix well4 #b4 ,combine well beaten egg1 milk and melted shortening4 #c4 ,add the liquid ingredients to the dry ingredients1 stirring only until dry ingredients are dampened4 #d4 ,fill greased muffin tins full4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ab muffins ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #bj-be minutes ,,breakfast ,,muffins #b cups pastry flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #b tablespoons sugar #a cup sour milk or buttermilk #a egg #d tablespoons shortening #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,combine milk1 well beaten egg and melted shortening4 #c4 ,add liquid ingredients to dry ingredients4 ,stir only until all the dry ingredients are dampened4 #d4 ,fill greased muffin tins full4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #ab muffins ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #bj-be minutes ,see page #cc ,,old ,,fashioned ,,corn ,,bread #a cup all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoon salt #a cups corn meal #b eggs #a cups buttermilk or sour milk #c tablespoons shortening #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and corn meal4 #b4 ,combine well beaten eggs1 buttermilk and melted shortening4 #c4 ,add the liquid ingredients to the dry ingredients1 stirring only until smooth4 #d4 ,turn into a well greased pan4 ,bake in hot oven4 ,amount3 #h x #h inch pan ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #be-cj minutes ,,apple ,,fritters #b cups flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #b tablespoons sugar teaspoon nutmeg #b eggs #a cups sour milk #b tablespoons shortening #b cups diced apples #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt1 sugar and nutmeg4 #b4 ,combine well beaten eggs1 milk and melted shortening4 #c4 ,turn the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients4 ,beat until smooth4 ,fold in apples last4 #d4 ,drop by spoonfuls into deep fat and cook to a rich brown1 turning frequently4 ,the fat when ready for frying fritters should be #cge ,f41 or it should brown a cube of bread in #fj seconds4 #e4 ,serve hot with syrup4 ,amount3 #h servings ,,orange ,,raisin ,,muffins #b cups all-purpose flour teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt cup sugar cup raisins #a egg cup orange juice teaspoons grated orange rind cup sour milk or buttermilk cup shortening #a4 ,sift1 then measure the flour4 ,sift twice with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 ,then add raisins4 #b4 ,combine well beaten egg1 orange juice1 rind1 sour milk and melted shortening4 #c4 ,turn the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients4 ,mix only until dry ingredients are dampened4 #d4 ,fill greased muffin tins full4 ,bake in hot oven4 #e4 ,for variation1 cup orange juice can be used in this recipe in place of a combination of orange juice and sour milk4 ,amount3 #ab muffins ,temperature3 #dbe ,f4 ,time3 #be minutes ,griddle ,cakes ,waffles ,illustration3 ,griddle ,cakes ,waffles ,,sour ,,milk ,,griddle ,,cakes #b cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda #a teaspoon salt #a tablespoon sugar #b cups sour milk or buttermilk #a egg #a tablespoon shortening #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,combine well beaten egg1 milk and melted shortening4 #c4 ,add the liquid ingredients to the dry ingredients1 stirring only until smooth4 #d4 ,heat griddle slowly and evenly4 ,to test the temperature of griddle1 place a few drops of cold water on it4 ,if the water forms bubbles which dance merrily1 the griddle is the correct temperature for baking the cakes4 ,grease the griddle1 using an unsalted fat1 unless it is the type of griddle which requires no greasing4 #e4 ,pour batter from tip of large spoon on griddle4 ,the spoon should be of a size to hold sufficient batter for one cake4 #f4 ,bake1 turning each cake when it is browned on the underside1 and puffed and slightly set on top4 ,turn only once4 ,serve immediately on warm plate4 #g4 ,for ,flapjacks1 make large sized cakes1 sprinkle generously with grated maple sugar1 then stack #d or #e deep and serve in wedge shaped sections4 ,amount3 #b dozen cakes ,see page #cc ,,waffles #b cups all-purpose flour #a teaspoon ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda teaspoon salt #a tablespoon sugar #b egg yolks #b cups sour milk or buttermilk cup melted shortening #b egg whites #a4 ,sift1 then measure flour4 ,sift again with the baking soda1 salt and sugar4 #b4 ,to the well beaten egg yolks1 add the sour milk and melted shortening4 #c4 ,add the dry ingredients gradually to the liquid1 beating in well4 #d4 ,fold in the stiffly beaten egg whites4 #e4 ,bake on hot waffle iron4 ,amount3 #f four-section waffles ,see page #cc ,illustration3 uncaptioned ,helpful ,kitchen ,hints ,illustration3 ,helpful ,kitchen ,hints ,,dried ,,beans ,,and ,,peas4 ,when parboiling dried beans for baking1 the addition of teaspoon of baking soda to each #b cups soaked beans makes the beans tender in a shorter time4 ,when baked1 the beans have a much sweeter flavor than those parboiled in plain water4 ,all dried legumes such as lima1 soy1 kidney or navy beans1 and peas1 have a better flavor if treated in this manner4 ,,scalloped ,,dishes4 ,scalloped potatoes or other scalloped dishes are sometimes spoiled in appearance by curdling of the milk4 teaspoon baking soda to each pint of milk prevents the curdling4 ,,hominy4 ,in the preparation of hominy1 use #a ounce of baking soda 7#b level tablespoons7 and #c pints of water to each pound of field corn4 ,dissolve baking soda and add corn4 ,bring corn to boiling point1 cover and simmer #a hours4 ,hulls and black eyes can be removed by rubbing between the hands4 #f or #g washings will remove all traces of soda4 ,,spinach4 ,when washing spinach1 add a small amount of baking soda 7about teaspoon for each peck of spinach7 to the last rinse water4 ,cook as usual4 ,the vegetable will retain its lovely fresh color4 ,,rhubarb ,,and ,,gooseberries4 ,when stewing rhubarb or gooseberries1 add teaspoon baking soda for each #b cups4 ,this reduces the quantity of sugar required by 4 ,for each #b cups of rhubarb or gooseberries1 use cup sugar in place of the usual cup4 ,,peaches ,,and ,,apricots4 ,to skin peaches and apricots quickly and easily1 blanch in a baking soda solution4 ,to blanch1 make a solution of cup baking soda to #b gallons of water4 ,bring to boiling point and while actively boiling1 immerse fruit 7using a wire basket7 until skin is loosened4 ,remove fruit1 wash at once in clear cold water and remove skins by rubbing4 ,,baked ,,ham ,,and ,,pork ,,chops4 ,when baking ham or pork chops in milk1 the addition of teaspoon baking soda to each pint of milk prevents the curdling which so often detracts from the appetizing appearance of the meat4 ,,corned ,,beef4 ,when boiling corned beef1 add teaspoon baking soda for each pound of beef4 ,this will improve the color and flavor of the meat4 ,cabbage and other vegetables can be cooked in the same water without becoming dark or slimy4 ,,cleaning ,,meat4 ,clean all meat as soon as unwrapped with a baking soda solution 7#a teaspoon baking soda to #b cups water74 ,this removes foreign matter and dried blood4 ,put on a clean plate and place in refrigerator4 ,,fowl4 ,after drawing fowl1 wash well1 both inside and out1 with a baking soda solution 7#a tablespoon to #b quarts of water74 ,let solution run through the bird several times4 ,rinse well with clear water4 ,pat dry with clean towel4 ,,fish4 ,clean fish1 both inside and out1 in a baking soda solution 7#a tablespoon to #b quarts of water74 ,dip entire fish in the solution2 wash quickly and rinse in clear water4 ,dry immediately and store in cold place4 ,before opening1 wash clams and oysters with a brush dipped in the baking soda solution4 ,fresh shrimp and other shell fish should be washed well in the same strength baking soda solution before cooking4 ,,cream ,,of ,,tomato ,,soup4 ,to prevent curdling1 when preparing cream of tomato soup from canned or home-made tomato pure1 add teaspoon baking soda to each cup of soup or pure before adding it to the milk4 ,baking ,soda ,cleans--,too ,illustration3 ,baking ,soda ,cleans--,too ,,tile ,,floors ,,and ,,walls4 ,to cleanse such surfaces soiled by splashed water1 etc41 sprinkle baking soda on a damp cloth and rub briskly4 ,wipe with cloth wrung from clean water and dry4 ,the surface will be clean and shiny4 ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda will not harm tile or any composition material resembling it4 ,,ash ,,trays4 ,unless cleaned daily these receptacles become offensive4 ,to cleanse1 scrub trays either with a baking soda solution 7a small handful to a quart of warm water7 or use a damp cloth sprinkled with bicarbonate of soda4 ,rinse and dry4 ,brass and copper trays may require polishing with a woolen or other polishing cloth4 ,,linoleum ,,or ,,congoleum4 ,dissolve a large handful of baking soda in warm mop water and clean4 ,rinse with clean water4 ,do not allow water to seep under floor covering4 ,this method of cleaning leaves the linoleum 7inlaid or printed7 bright and clean and it will be neither sticky nor slippery4 ,,wash-,,bowls1 ,,tubs1 ,,etc4 ,hard water is often responsible for scum and sediment2 grease and dirt adhere to surfaces4 ,to remove these sprinkle with baking soda and rub briskly with a damp cloth4 ,baking soda is immediately soluble and will not clog drains or injure the finest porcelain or enamel4 ,,drain ,,boards4 ,dampen surfaces1 whether wood or enamel1 and sprinkle with ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda4 ,rub with a damp cloth1 rinse and wipe dry4 ,rubber or other composition drain boards may be cleaned in the same way4 ,bicarbonate of soda1 while being a most effective cleanser1 will not harm any of these surfaces4 ,,gas ,,and ,,oil ,,stove ,,burners4 ,make a solution of one-quarter pound of baking soda to one gallon of hot water4 ,bring to a boil4 ,immerse the burners and boil for one hour4 ,they will operate like new4 ,,enameled ,,surfaces4 ,enameled table tops1 stoves1 washing machines1 etc41 may be cleaned either by sprinkling the soda on the dampened surface or washing with a baking soda solution 7a handful to a basin of warm water74 ,this removes the oil or grease film which holds the dirt1 and leaves the surface clean and odorless4 ,,milk ,,bottles4 ,pour a little baking soda into the bottle1 half fill with cool water and shake4 ,if milk is dried on1 let bottle soak for a few minutes4 ,cold water removes milk more quickly than hot1 as hot water causes a coating of milk to adhere to the glass4 ,bicarbonate of soda not only hastens the cleansing process1 but sweetens the bottle4 ,milk cans1 pails and all milk containers are cleansed in the same manner1 using more baking soda in greater quantities of water4 ,,fire ,,extinguisher4 ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda is unsurpassed as a fire extinguisher4 ,it not only smothers the fire1 but generates carbonic acid gas which temporarily envelopes the flames1 shuts off the air supply or oxygen1 and so extinguishes the fire4 ,,bread ,,boxes4 ,cake and bread boxes1 cooky jars1 etc41 after washing with soap and water1 should frequently be well rinsed with a baking soda solution1 a handful of baking soda to one quart of water4 ,rinse in clean water and dry thoroughly4 ,this treatment keeps them fresh and free from odors4 ,,casseroles4 ,food that is burned onto or adheres to casseroles is easily removed by soaking for a few minutes in warm water to which a small handful of baking soda has been added4 ,the bicarbonate of soda loosens the encrusted particles4 ,,refrigerators4 ,baking soda1 refined mild bicarbonate of soda1 is a soluble cleanser1 sweetener and polisher1 and cannot scratch the smoothest surface4 ,it will remove odors by breaking up the oily surface films1 prevent fermentation by removing mold and retard the growth of bacteria1 thus keeping the refrigerator sanitary and fresh4 ,whether the refrigerator is electric1 gas1 oil or ice1 keep the inside sweet and clean by wiping all surfaces with a soft cloth wrung from cool or lukewarm water containing a handful of baking soda to each quart of water1 or by generously sprinkling baking soda on a damp cloth and briskly rubbing the surface to be cleaned4 ,keep ice cubes free from stale or musty flavors by cleaning the ice trays each week with baking soda in a similar fashion4 ,also with a baking soda solution1 wash the food containers and the chilling tray beneath the freezing unit4 ,in ice refrigerators1 periodically remove drain pipe1 ice chamber1 pan1 trap and flues for a thorough washing with a hot solution of water and baking soda4 ,rinse with clear water4 ,a baking soda solution 7a small handful to a basin of water7 may be used to wipe the outer surfaces when soiled4 ,,silver ,,cleaning4 ,silver may be cleaned easily and thoroughly by placing it in an aluminum pan filled with a hot solution of baking soda1 salt and sugar1 or in an enamel or granite pan1 using a similar solution and a small piece of aluminum such as a measuring spoon or pot cover4 ,use about a tablespoon of each1 baking soda1 salt and sugar1 for every quart of hot water4 ,select a large container for convenience4 ,place the silver in such a way that it is completely immersed and that each piece comes in contact with the aluminum or a piece of silver touching the aluminum4 ,let it stand until tarnish is removed and the silver becomes shiny and bright4 ,heat if necessary4 ,rinse in hot water and rub dry4 ,this method removes absolutely no silver1 hence it prolongs the life of silverware4 ,since the aluminum article will be blackened in the process1 do not use one you care about keeping bright4 ,large pieces of silver1 such as candlesticks1 cake plates1 pitchers1 etc41 may also be cleaned this way1 making sure they are completely immersed in the solution4 ,,cut ,,glass4 ,goblets1 tumblers and other cut glassware are satisfactorily cleaned by rubbing the surface with a paste made of ,arm ,hammer or ,cow ,brand ,baking ,soda and water4 ,rinse with cold water and rub with a soft brush4 ,soap is unnecessary4 ,,chocolate ,,pots ,,or ,,mixing ,,bowls4 ,dried-on chocolate needs a little coaxing for removal4 ,sprinkle with baking soda1 fill dishes with warm water and let soak until their turn comes in the washing4 ,,odors4 ,odors from dishes in which fish or onions are cooked1 are quickly killed by sprinkling baking soda in the dish and wiping out thoroughly with tissue paper4 ,then wash in hot soapy water1 rinse with hot water and dry4 ,,dog ,,kennels ,,and ,,feeding ,,dishes4 ,scrub the inside of dog kennels frequently with a baking soda solution1 one package to three gallons of hot water4 ,rinse4 ,to promote the health of pets1 their feeding dishes must be cleansed frequently4 ,let soak in a baking soda solution 7a handful in a pan of warm water74 ,this loosens dried-on food4 ,wash and rinse4 ,,beverage ,,service4 ,cups1 coasters1 pitchers1 glasses1 spoons1 punch bowls1 fruit containers1 etc41 are all successfully cleaned and sweetened with bicarbonate of soda4 ,the baking soda is best applied by sprinkling on a moist cloth and then gently rubbing the object until clean4 ,rinse with warm clear water and dry with clean towels having no lint4 ,to clean bottles1 decanters1 flasks1 shakers1 etc41 which do not permit interior cleaning by hand1 pour the baking soda into the container and add a little warm 7not hot7 water4 ,shake well until clean1 then rinse with fresh water and allow to drain4 ,this leaves the containers in a sweet clean condition4 ,repeat after each use4 ,cocktail sets made of glass1 silver1 etc41 are excellently cleaned by these methods4 ,,thermos ,,bottles ,,and ,,jugs4 ,to keep thermos bottles and jugs clean and sweet1 put a handful of baking soda in jug or bottle1 partly fill with warm water and shake well4 ,rinse with clean water4 ,corks and other closures used for the bottles and jugs are kept odorless by rubbing with moist baking soda4 ,,vegetable ,,cookery ,to ,,preserve the fresh green color of beans1 peas and greens1 a pinch of baking soda 7a pinch is less than teaspoon7 should be added to the cooking water4 ,red vegetables will be most pleasing in appearance if a little vinegar is added to the cooking water4 ,a little vinegar in the cooking water will keep white vegetables from yellowing4 ,in the case of old carrots1 a pinch of baking soda will shorten the cooking time4 ,,time ,,table ,,for ,,vegetables ,time3 ,minutes ,vegetable ,boiled ,steamed ,baked ,asparagus #ae-be #cj-dj ,beans1 cut #be-cj #dj-de ,beets1 whole #ce-dj ,brussels ,sprouts #aj-ae #ae ,cabbage1 chopped #ae-bj cut #bj-be ,carrots1 whole young #ae-be #bj-cj whole old #cj-dj #dj-ej ,cauliflower1 wh4 #ae-bj flowerets #h-aj #ae-bj ,onions1 small #bj-be #fj ,peas #bj-cj #cj-dj ,potatoes1 white #cj-dj #ce-ej #de-fj ,potatoes1 sweet #be-cj #cj-dj #de-fj ,pumpkin1 cut #cj-dj #dj-ej #fj ,spinach #aj-ae ,squash #ae-bj #cj-ce #dj-fj ,turnips #cj-fj ,,table ,,of ,,weights ,,and ,,measures #c teaspoons #a tablespoon #d tablespoons cup #e tablespoons cup #h tablespoons cup #ab tablespoons cup #af tablespoons #a cup or pint ,a dash less than teaspoon #b cups #a pint #d cups #b pints or #a quart #d cups flour #a pound #b cups granulated sugar #a pound #b cups brown sugar1 firmly #a pound packed #c cups confectioners sugar #a pound #b tablespoons butter #a ounce #b cups butter #a pound #a medium egg #b ounces #h-aj egg whites #a cup #ad egg yolks #a cup ,juice of #a medium lemon #c tablespoons pound nutmeats #a cup nutmeats1 chopped ,,temperature ,,and ,,time ,,table ,slow ,oven ,moderate ,oven ,hot ,oven ,time #bej ,f4-#cbe ,f4 #cej ,f4-#cge ,f4 #djj ,f4-#ejj ,f4 ,biscuits #ae minutes ,muffins #be-cj minutes ,cookies ,cookies #h-ae minutes ,layer ,cake #be-cj minutes ,loaf ,cake #de minutes ,loaf ,cake 7thick7 #ej-fj minutes ,fruit ,cake #c to #d hours ,sponge ,cake #a hour ,,litho ,,in ,u4,s4,a4 ,f-#ejj-a-ch ,,index ,,page ,,introduction #b ,a ,,secret ,,for ,,successful ,,baking #d ,,success ,,assured #e ,,how ,,to ,,bake #f ,,facts ,,regarding ,,plain ,,white ,,flour #g ,bread ,flour #g ,general ,purpose or ,family ,flour #g ,pastry or ,cake ,flour #g ,,cakes ,orange ,loaf #i ,marble ,cake #i ,date ,nut ,layer ,cake #aj ,sour ,milk ,chocolate ,cake #aj ,dessert ,gingerbread #aa ,lemon ,loaf ,cake #aa ,thanksgiving ,steamed ,pudding #aa ,dark ,fruit ,cake #ab ,baked ,prune ,pudding #ab ,favorite ,spice ,cake #ac ,red ,devil's ,cake #ac ,honey ,diamonds #ad ,fruit ,cup ,cakes #ad ,apple ,sauce ,cake #ae ,chocolate ,nut ,cake #ae ,,frostings ,orange ,coconut ,frosting #af ,foamy ,sauce #af ,maple ,cream ,frosting #af ,butter ,frosting #af ,quick ,butterscotch ,frosting #ah ,fluffy ,frosting #ah ,soft ,chocolate ,frosting #ah ,lemon ,filling #ah ,,cookies ,coconut ,icebox ,cookies #ai ,soft ,molasses ,cookies #ai ,fruit ,cookies #ba ,frosted ,chocolate ,drops #ba ,old ,fashioned ,molasses ,cookies #bb ,crisp ,white ,sugar ,cookies #bb ,doughnuts #bc ,raisin ,rocks #bc ,,biscuits ,soda ,biscuits #be ,cheese ,tea ,biscuits #be ,coffee ,cake #bf ,cinnamon ,buns #bf ,individual ,short ,cakes #bg ,quick ,rolls #bg ,lemon ,clover ,rolls #bh ,apple ,dumpling #bh ,cream ,scones #bi ,ham ,rolls #bi ,,muffins ,whole ,wheat ,muffins #cj ,breakfast ,muffins #cj ,old ,fashioned ,corn ,bread #cj ,apple ,fritters #ca ,orange ,raisin ,muffins #ca ,,griddle ,,cakes--,,waffles ,sour ,milk ,griddle ,cakes #cb ,waffles #cb ,,helpful ,,kitchen ,,hints #cd ,,baking ,,soda ,,cleans--,,too #ce ,tile ,floors and ,walls #ce ,ash ,trays #ce ,linoleum or ,congoleum #ce ,wash ,bowls ,tubs1 etc4 #ce ,drain ,boards #ce ,gas and ,oil ,stove ,burners #ce ,enameled ,surfaces #ce ,milk ,bottles #cf ,fire ,extinguisher #cf ,bread ,boxes #cf ,casseroles #cf ,refrigerators #cf ,silver ,cleaning #cf ,cut ,glass #cg ,chocolate ,pots or ,mixing ,bowls #cg ,odors #cg ,dog ,kennels and ,feeding ,dishes #cg ,beverage ,service #cg ,thermos ,bottles and ,jugs #cg ,,vegetable ,,cookery #ch ,,time ,,table ,,for ,,vegetables #ch ,,table ,,of ,,weights ,,and ,,measures #ch ,,temperature ,,and ,,time ,,table #ch ,illustration3 ,endpapers ,transcriber's ,notes --,silently corrected a few typos4 --,retained publication information from the printed edition3 this e,book is public-domain in the country of publication4 --,in the text versions only1 text in italics is delimited by underscores4