,m9]al ,survey ,proc$ures ,guide ,illu/ration ,z ! ,nation's pr9cipal cons]vation ag5cy1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior has basic responsibilities = wat]1 fi%1 wildlife1 m9]al1 l&1 p>k1 & recreational res\rces4 ,indian & ,t]ritorial affairs are o!r major conc]ns ( ?is dep>tm5t ( natural res\rces4 ,! ,dep>tm5t works to assure ! wise/ *oice 9 manag+ all our res\rces s t ea* %all make its full contribution to a bett] ,unit$ ,/ates n[ & 9 ! future4 ,,m9]al ,,survey ,,proc$ures ,,guide #aihj ,?is ,m9]al ,survey ,proc$ures ,guide does n & is n int5d$ to sup]s$e ! ,bureau ,manual or appropriate ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or ,m9+ ,di/rict law :i* is conc]n$ ) m9]al surveys & m9+ claims4 ,! ,manual ( ,in/ructions = ! ,survey ( ! ,public ,l&s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is ! (ficial ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t docum5t reg>d+ m9]al surveys1 & any real or app>5t contradictions ) ?is ,guide %\ld be ref]r$ to ! ,manual = f9al assessm5t4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,table ( ,cont5ts ,page ,,*apt] ,i--,,m9+ ,,laws ,m9+ ,di/ricts #a ,f$]al ,m9+ ,laws #b ,/ate ,m9+ ,laws #e ,ab/ract ( ,/ate ,laws #f ,survey--,legal ,int]relation%ips #ad ,,*apt] ,,ii-,,discov]y ,,& ,,location ,lode ,claims #ai ,plac] ,claims #be ,mill ,sites #be ,tunnel ,sites #bf ,g5]al #bf ,,*apt] ,,iii--,,m9]al ,,surveyors ,appo9tm5ts #bi ,qualification #cj ,duties ( ! ,m9]al ,surveyor #cj ,contract = ,surveys #ca ,re/rictions #cb ,,*apt] ,,iv--,,application ,,& ,,ord] ,,= ,,survey ,,*apt] ,v--,,! ,,pat5t ,,survey ,field ,"w #ci ,(fice ,"w #ej ,process+ ! ,survey #eb ,dep>tures ,f ! ,normal ,proc$ure #ed ,,*apt] ,,vi--,,resurveys ,,gloss>y ,,( ,,m9+ ,,t]ms ,,app5dix ,,index ,,=eword ,m9]al surveys are made to m>k ! legal b\nd>ies ( m9]al deposits or ore-be>+ =mations on ! public doma9 :]e ! b\nd>ies are det]m9$ by l9es o!r ?an ! normal subdivision ( ! public l&s4 ,^! surveys include ! usual survey+ te*nical proc$ures & ! exam9ation & docum5tation ( v>i\s reports & c]tificates necess>y to sub/antiate legal proc$ures4 ,und]/&+ ! basis = p]=mance ( m9]al surveys is imp]ative = ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9]al ,surveyors z well z = ^? :o are involv$ ) process+ m9]al survey returns1 ^? :o evaluate claim validity1 & = ^? cada/ral surveyors :o are involv$ 9 retrac+ orig9al m9]al surveys4 ,,ackn[l$gm5ts ,?is ,guide 0 prep>$ by ,john ,v4 ,meldrum1 ,u4,s4 ,m9]al ,surveyor 7ret47 "u ! direction ( ! ,cada/ral & ,mapp+ ,tra9+ ,/aff1 ,d5v] ,s]vice ,c5t]1 ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,mr4 ,meldrum's _m ye>s ( exp]tise 9 m9]al surveys1 & 8 pr(essionalism z a m9]al surveyor are invaluable elem5ts ( its cont5ts4 ,9 compil+ ! ,guide1 assi/ance 0 obta9$ f all ( ! ,/ate ,(fices ( ! ,,blm1 & gratitude is express$ to ^? cada/ral survey individuals :o gave ( _! "t & advice 9 assi/+ ) its prep>ation4 ,! contribution ( ! ,cada/ral ,survey ,/aff ( ! ,cali=nia ,/ate ,(fice is p>ticul>ly ackn[l$g$4 ,,*apt] ,i ,m9+ ,laws ,m9+ ,di/ricts #a-a ,:5 gold 0 discov]$ at ,sutt]'s ,mill 9 ,cali=nia 9 #ahdi no provisions _h be5 made by ! ,congress ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! disposition ( m9]als on ! public doma9 ( ! ,we/4 ,aft] a feeble attempt at leas+1 ! copp] & iron deposits ( ! ,great ,lakes region z well z ! lead deposits ( ,miss\ri 7 sold outright to ! highe/ bidd] ) m9imum prices set f #b4ej to #e4jj p] acre4 ,consequ5tly1 ! prospectors & m9]s ( ,cali=nia =m$ m9+ di/ricts to provide self-gov]nm5t & ma9ta9 law & ord]4 ,^! di/ricts c\ld be z small z a squ>e mile1 :ile o!rs cov]$ an area sev]al t[n%ips 9 size4 #a-b ,! functions ( a di/rict 7 to provide rules gov]n+ ! size ( claims1 mann] ( location & discov]y requirem5ts1 record+ ( locations1 "w requir$ to hold a claim & p]iod ( abs5ce con/itut+ ab&onm5t4 ,! m9]s 7 n )\t prec$5ts 9 e/abli%+ _! rules4 ,9 ,europe ! ,g]manic or ,prussian laws provid$ = ! discov]y & location ( m9]al deposits ) royalties go+ to ! cr[n & ! surface own]4 ,! discov]] receiv$ a l>g] claim ?an subsequ5t locators4 ,p]iods ( idl5ess )\t cause w\ld op5 ! gr\nd to relocation4 ,a c\rt sy/em 0 provid$ = ! m9+ indu/ry4 ,! ,prussian law 0 ! basis = ,engli% law & subsequ5tly ,spani% & ,mexican law4 ,! ,mexican law provid$ t ?ree claims w5t to ! discov]] ( a ve9 9 a new di/rict & two claims to ! discov]] ( a new ve9 9 an old di/rict4 ,claims 7 #bjj v>as long & up to #bjj v>as wide1 dep5d+ on dip1 a v>a be+ ab\t a y>d4 ,provision 0 also made = discov]y "w & p]iodic labor4 ,z ! fir/ claims 9 ,cali=nia 7 = plac] gold1 ! m9]s 7 all[$ a claim ab\t #aj feet along ! /ream & z f> back z ! deposit ran4 ,:5 lodes 7 discov]$1 ! discov]] 0 usually all[$ two claims #ajj feet long along ! ve9 & #ej feet wide2 !n o!rs c\ld /ake "o claim ( ?is size on ! ve94 ,! m9] c\ld foll[ 8 ve9 to dep?1 e/abli%+ extralat]al rights4 ,rules 7 made = m>k+ ! b\nd>ies ( claims & = record+ !m ) ! di/rict record]4 ,m9]'s c\rts 7 held to settle disputes4 ,?us1 ,am]ican ,m9+ ,law 0 born4 #a-c ,today1 ! m9+ di/ricts exi/ 9 "n only4 ,z c\nty gov]nm5ts 7 set up 7record+ di/ricts 9 ,alaska :i* has no c\nties71 ! m9+ di/ricts turn$ _! records ov] to ! c\nty record]s & left ! mak+ & en=cem5t ( local m9+ laws to /ate or c\nty gov]nm5ts4 ,m9+ di/ricts may /ill be =m$ b any regulations t !y may impose _c be 9 conflict ) exi/+ law at any level ( gov]nm5t4 ,at ?is writ+1 none are kn[n to exi/2 h[ev]1 _m location c]tificate =ms call = a m9+ di/rict1 z well z ! v>i\s =ms provid$ by ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t = ! process+ ( m9]al surveys & pat5ts4 ,ea* /ate (fice1 except ,montana1 ma9ta9s a map1 *>t or index ( m9+ di/ricts al?\gh ! b\nd>ies may be vague & ov]lapp+4 ,^! records are available to ! public s t !y may use a di/rict "n1 if available4 ,if a claim is locat$ 9 an area :]e no di/rict exi/s1 x is cu/om>y to /ate t !re is no organiz$ di/rict or t ! claim is 9 an unorganiz$ m9+ di/rict4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no objection to us+ a commonplace "n z a di/rict to aid 9 id5tification ( ! claim4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,gregory ,,lode1 ,,blackhawk--,,c5tral ,,city1 ,,colorado ,! fir/ discov]y ( a gold ve9 9 ,colorado4 7#aheh7 ,gregory1 ! discov]]1 0 all[$ two claims1 #ej ft4 wide & #ajj ft4 long2 o!rs !n /ak$ claims #ej ft4 wide & #ajj ft4 along ! ve94 ,f$]al ,m9+ ,laws 7,title #cj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code7 #a-d ,act ( ,febru>y #bg1 #ahfe1 ,sec4 #i 7#ac ,/at4 #dda73 ,recogniz$ t ! public doma9 0 be+ appropriat$ = m9+ purposes b t su* appropriation 0 by ! law ( possession & t ! p>am\nt title to su* l&s lay 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #a-e ,act ( ,july #bf1 #ahff 7#ad ,/at4 #bea73 ,decl>$ ! m9]al l&s ( ! public doma9 op5 to exploration & occupation by citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ^? :o _h decl>$ _! int5tions to become citiz5s4 ,x provid$ = claims #bjj feet 9 l5g? along ! ve9 = ea* locator1 ) an additional claim = ! discov]]1 & an association c\ld take up to #cjjj feet 9 l5g?4 ,no wid? 0 specifi$1 only suffici5t gr\nd = work+ ! claim4 ,extralat]al rights 7 grant$ inasmu* z ! ve9 c\ld be foll[$ to any dep?1 ) all its dips1 angles & v>iations4 ,! ,act also provid$ = obta9+ pat5t 7fee title7 f ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x also recogniz$ local cu/oms1 rules & m9+ di/ricts1 s f> z !y 7 n 9 conflict ) ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is ,act 0 repeal$ by ! ,act ( ,may #aj1 #ahgb4 #a-f ,act ( ,july #i1 #ahgj 7#af ,/at4 #bag2 #cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ce73 ,provid$ = plac] claims 7n cov]$ 9 ! ,act ( #ahff7 :i* includ$ all deposits except ve9s ( qu>tz & o!r rock 9 place4 ,!y 7 limit$ 9 size to #afj acres1 ei!r by "o p]son or an association ( p]sons1 subject to entry & pat5t1 & :]e on survey$ l&s requir$ to con=m to legal subdivisions4 ,?is ,act1 ) modification1 is /ill 9 =ce4 #a-g ,act ( ,may #aj1 #ahgb 7#ag ,/at4 #ia2 #cj ,u4,s4,c4 ,*4 #b2 ,title #dc ,c4,f4,r473 ,?is ,act conta9s ! ,g5]al ,m9+ ,laws :i*1 ) am5dm5ts1 are /ill 9 =ce today4 ,x provides 9 detail = discov]y1 location1 survey & pat5t ( bo? lode & plac] claims2 also mill sites4 ,x requires annual labor1 or assessm5t "w until pat5t4 ,tunnel sites = ! discov]y ( lodes are also provid$ =4 ,! succe$+ pages ( ?is manual w take up & expla9 ! v>i\s provisions ( ?is ,act1 ) appropriate ref]5ce & quotations f ! ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations or ! ,u4,s4 ,code1 if n cov]$ 9 ! ,c4,f4,r4 #a-h ,act ( ,m>* #c1 #ahgb 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ga-ij73 ,provid$ = ! location & pur*ase ( coal2 n a m9]al subject to ! g5]al m9+ laws4 ,?is ,act 0 repeal$ by ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act ( #aibj4 #a-i ,act ( ,may #ag1 #ahhd 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #di;a-#di;f73 ,ext5d$ ! g5]al m9+ laws to ,alaska4 #a-aj ,act ( ,augu/ #d1 #ahib 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #afa73 ,includ$ build+ /one "u ! m9+ laws subject to ! provisions gov]n+ plac] m9+ claims4 #a-aa ,act ( ,febru>y #aa1 #ahig 7#bi ,/at4 #ebf1 #cj ,u4,s4,c4 #aja73 ,specifically includ$ petroleum or o!r m9]al oils z a m9]al "u ! g5]al m9+ laws subject to ! provisions gov]n+ plac] m9+ claims4 ,?is ,act 0 repeal$ by ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act ( #aibj4 #a-ab ,act ( ,janu>y #ca1 #aija 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #afb73 ,includ$ salt 9 any =m "u ! g5]al m9+ laws subject to ! provisions gov]n+ plac] m9+ claims1 limit$ to "o claim p] p]son4 ,?is ,act 0 repeal$ by ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act ( #aibj4 #a-ac ,act ( ,april #bh1 #aijd 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #cd73 ,! monum5ts on ! gr\nd %all con/itute ! highe/ au?ority z to :i* l&s are pat5t$ not)/&+ a conflict ) ! survey record or ! calls & descriptions recit$ 9 ! pat5t4 ,also1 9 ext5d+ ! public l& surveys1 all pat5t$ m9]al claims %all be segregat$ f ! public l&s z !y are monum5t$ on ! gr\nd4 #a-ad ,act ( ,febru>y #be1 #aibj 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 ,*apt] #c;,a73 ,! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act remov$ deposits ( oil1 gas1 coal1 potassium1 sodium1 phosphate1 oil %ale1 native asphalt1 solid & semi-solid bitum5 & bitum9\s rock1 includ+ oil impregnat$ rock or s&s1 & sulphur 9 ,l\isiana & ,new ,mexico f ! g5]al m9+ laws & o!r laws & set up a sy/em ( leas+ = ^! m9]als4 #a-ae ,act ( ,july #ca1 #aidg 7#fa ,/at4 #fha73 ,! ,mat]ials ,act au?oriz$ ! sale ( m9]al mat]ials if ! disposal ( su* mat]ials 0 n o!rwise expressly au?oriz$ by law4 #a-af ,act ( ,augu/ #ac1 #aied 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #eba73 ,provid$ = multiple developm5t ( m9]al deposits "u ! m9+ & m9]al leas+ laws4 ,all m9+ claims & mill sites locat$ aft] ?is date1 & ^? prior to ?is date t did n pres]ve _! rights1 d n include leasable m9]als1 su* m9]als be+ subject to exploration & developm5t "u ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act4 #a-ag ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fja73 ,remov$ common v>ieties ( s&1 /one1 gravel1 pumice 7except block pumice71 pumicite or c9d]s f appropriation "u ! g5]al m9+ laws4 ,also re/rict$ ! use ( ! surface ( unpat5t$ m9+ claims to t portion necess>y = ! developm5t & m9+ ( ! deposit & p]mitt$ ! f$]al gov]nm5t to manage ! surface & vegetative res\rces4 #a-ah ,act ( ,augu/ #aa1 #aiee 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 ,*apt] #af73 ,all l&s previ\sly )drawn = p[] sites1 except ^? actually 9 use or be+ con/ruct$ ^u1 7 re/or$ to m9+ locations subject to future use = p[] developm5t "u ! au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 )\t reimbursem5t1 & subject to provisions = record+ ! location )9 #fj days f date ( location & assessm5t "w )9 #fj days ( ! expiration ( ! assessm5t ye>4 #a-ai ,act ( ,m>* #ah1 #aifj 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #db73 ,provid$ = ! location ( mill sites 9 conjunction ) plac] claims subject to ! same requirem5ts ( survey z plac]s4 ,?is all[$ location ( mill sites by legal subdivisions4 #a-bj ,act ( ,septemb] #bh1 #aifb 7#gf ,/at4 #feb73 ,provides = free use ( petrifi$ wood4 #a-ba ,act ( ,decemb] #bd1 #aigj 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 ,*apt] #bc73 ,?is act provides = geo!rmal /eam leases & %\ld ! lease be t]m9at$1 ! lessee has ! "r to complete ! location ( m9+ claims = m9]als subject to location :i* w\ld con/itute a byproduct if comm]cial production ( /eam cont9u$4 ,conv]sion to a lease "u ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act = lease m9]als is provid$ = if ! lease m9]als are capable ( be+ produc$ 9 comm]cial quantities4 #a-bb ,act ( ,octob] #ba1 #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agdd2 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chcc73 ,all unpat5t$ m9+ claims1 includ+ lodes1 plac]s1 mill sites & tunnel sites locat$ prior to ?is date mu/ be record$ ) ! prop] /ate (fice ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t by fil+ a copy ( ! record ( ! location 7or la/ am5d$7 notice or c]tificate1 z requir$ by /ate law1 toge!r ) a map %[+ ! claim & its relation to ! public l& survey or protract$ grid1 by ,octob] #ba1 #aigi2 & also provide evid5ce ( assessm5t "w = ! prec$+ assessm5t ye>1 or notice ( int5tion to hold1 & !reaft] prior to ,decemb] #ca ( ea* cal5d> ye>4 ,claims locat$ aft] ,octob] #ba1 #aigf %all be record$ )9 #ij days ( date ( location & evid5ce ( assessm5t "w or notice ( int5tion to hold1 if assessm5t "w is n requir$1 fil$ prior to ,decemb] #ca ( ea* cal5d> ye> aft] ! ye> ( location4 ,*ange 9 own]%ip mu/ also be record$ & 7presumably7 am5d$ location c]tificates4 ,if ^! record+ requirem5ts are n met1 ! claims are deem$ to be ab&on$4 #a-bc ,res]vations1 ,grants1 ,)drawals & ,sev]ance ( ,m9]als3 ,indian & milit>y res]vations1 national p>ks & monum5ts are n1 z a rule1 op5 to m9]al exploration except 9 special in/ances cit$ 9 #a-bd bel[4 ,national =e/s are op5 to m9]al exploration1 location & pat5t1 b subject to rules & regulations ( ! ,=e/ ,s]vice4 ,national ,=e/ ,wild]ness ,areas are cov]$ 9 #a-bd bel[4 ,grants include ! ,spani% ,l& ,grants1 ,railroad ,grants1 & ,s*ool ,grants 7,s*ool ,sections71 mo/ ( :i* includ$ ! m9]als4 ,at lea/ "o ,spani% ,l& ,grant1 ,! ,sangre de ,*ri/o ,grant compris+ ,co/illa ,c\nty1 ,colorado1 has its own sy/em ( m9]al surveys4 ,arizona has its own rules = locat+ m9+ claims on /ate 7s*ool7 l&s4 ,indemnity grants 7 made 9 lieu ( o!r l&s previ\sly appropriat$1 includ+ unsurvey$ s*ool sections appropriat$ 9 "p "u ! m9+ laws4 ,! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act ( ,decemb] #ah1 #aiga grant$ c]ta9 l&s to ! natives 9 ,alaska & all[$ own]s ( claims locat$ prior to ,augu/ #ca1 #aiga five ye>s to proce$ to pat5t4 ,regulations p]mitt$ fil+ an application = m9]al survey to be consid]$ an application = pat5t4 ,)drawals made "u ! au?ority ( ! ,presid5t are n subject to any =m ( location4 ,)drawals "u ! ,act ( ,june #be1 #aiaj 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #ada1 z am5d$7 are subject to location = metallif]\s m9]als only4 ,! ,act1 kn[n z ! ,pickett ,act1 au?oriz$ ! ,presid5t to make )drawals = v>i\s purposes su* z p[]1 irrigation1 classification ( l&s4 ,)drawals "u ! fir/ =m ,reclamation ,act ( ,june #ag1 #aijb are n subject to m9+ location unless op5$ "u ! ,act ( ,april #bc1 #aicb4 ,l&s )drawn "u ! second =m ( ! ,act are subject to location4 ,! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( ,octob] #ba1 #aigf7dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agad7 provides = )drawals by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 ei!r on 8 own motion or at ! reque/ ( any dep>tm5t or ag5cy head1 ) c]ta9 re/rictions & limitations4 ,ea* )drawal & subsequ5t re/oration mu/ be review$ to det]m9e if m9+ locations are all[$1 & "u :at conditions4 ,sev]ance occurs :5 m9]als are res]v$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 a pat5t4 ,"s ( ! ,spani% ,l& ,grants res]v$ c]ta9 m9]als su* z gold1 silv]1 quicksilv] & antimony4 ,! ,act ( ,m>* #c1 #ahia res]v$ m9]als f t[nsite entries on m9]al l&1 b ea* pat5t %\ld be *eck$2 "s ( ! e>ly pat5ts res]v$ only 8kn[n lodes40 ,! ,act ( ,july #ag1 #aiad p]mitt$ agricultural entry or pur*ase ( l&s )drawn = phosphate1 nitrate1 pota%1 oil1 gas or asphalt ) a res]vation ( ^! m9]als to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! ,act ( ,july #bj1 #aief p]mitt$ ! disposition ( ^! m9]als discov]$ & locat$ prior to ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act4 ,! ,/ockrais+ ,home/ead ,act ( ,decemb] #bi1 #aiaf all[$ entry ( #cbj acres r ?an ! #afj acre preemption home/ead1 b res]v$ ! m9]als to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! m9]als be+ subject to disposal "u ! g5]al m9+ & m9]al leas+ laws4 ,! surface own] is protect$ by ! ,act1 & a bond mu/ be po/$ ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t unless satisfactory arrangem5ts c be made betwe5 ! m9]al & surface own] 7#dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chad74 ,l&s pat5t$ "u ! ,color ( ,title ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #ajfh71 by ex*ange "u ! ,taylor ,graz+ ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #cae;g7 & by ,=e/ ,ex*anges 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dhe7 ) m9]al res]vation to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 are subject to appropriation "u ! m9+ & m9]al leas+ laws4 ,! ,atomic ,en]gy ,act ( ,augu/ #a1 #aidf res]v$ fissionable s\rce mat]ial1 uranium & ?orium1 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b ^! provisions h s9ce be5 resc9d$ & su* m9]als are locatable "u ! m9+ laws4 ,m9+ claims = fissionable s\rce mat]ials c\ld be locat$ on l&s kn[n to be valuable = coal "u ! ,act ( ,augu/ #aa1 #aiee 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #eda ?r\gh #eda;i7 :i* expir$ ,augu/ #aa1 #aige4 #a-bd ,areas ,subject to ,special ,m9+ ,laws3 ,o ,c ,l&s3 ,! ,act ( ,april #h1 #aidh 7#fb ,/at4 #afb7 reop5$ ! reve/$ ,oregon & ,cali=nia ,railroad & ,reconvey$ ,coos ,bay ,wagon ,road ,grant ,l&s to exploration1 location1 entry & disposition "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9+ ,laws1 b impos$ additional requirem5ts reg>d+ ! fil+ ( location c]tificates1 affidavits ( annual labor1 use ( timb]1 etc4 ,see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chba = details4 ,alaska ,public ,sale ,act ( ,augu/ #cj1 #aidi 7#dh ,u4,s4,c4 #cfd;a-#cfd;e7 segregat$ = classification & sale c]ta9 l&s1 b res]v$ ! m9]als = disposition "u applicable law4 ,provid$ comp5sation to ! surface own] = damage4 ,see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbb4 ,national ,=e/ ,wild]ness ,areas are op5 to prospect+ & m9+ "u exi/+ laws until midnight1 ,decemb] #ca1 #aihc by :i* "t !y %all be clos$ except = valid exi/+ rights4 ,pat5ts w be = m9]al only ) title to ! surface res]v$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 subject to c]ta9 use to facilitate m9+4 ,see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbc4 ,city ( ,prescott1 ,arizona ,wat]%$3 ,! ,act ( ,janu>y #ai1 #aicc 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dhb;a7 re/rict$ future m9+ locations to m9]als only ) re/rict$ use ( ! surface4 ,see ,c4,f4,r4 #chbd4 ,papago ,indian ,res]vation1 ,arizona3 ,! ,act ( ,june #ah1 #aicd 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #dfa-dgi7 z am5d$1 re/ores f tempor>y )drawal m9]al location & entry "u ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9+ ,laws1 b imposes additional requirem5ts = record+ locations ) ! sup]9t5d5t ( ! res]vation1 paym5t ( annual r5tal to ! tribe & a fee 9 lieu ( ! annual r5tal at "t ( pat5t4 ,see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbe4 ,national ,p>k ,s]vice ,areas3 ,national p>ks & national monum5ts are1 z a g5]al rule1 clos$ to m9+1 b !re are exceptions1 subject to special rules1 regulations1 & res]vations 9 ! pat5t4 ,^! special areas are3 ,mt4 ,mc,kinley ,national ,p>k1 ,alaska 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbf4a72 ,olympic ,national ,p>k1 ,wa%+ton 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbf4b72 ,dea? ,valley ,national ,monum5t1 ,cali=nia 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbf4c72 ,glaci] ,bay ,national ,monum5t1 ,alaska 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbf4d72 ,organ ,pipe ,cactus ,national ,monum5t1 ,arizona 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbf4e74 ,! ,act ( ,septemb] #bh1 #aigf 7#ij ,/at4 #acdb1 #af ,u4,s4,c4 #aija7 prohibits fur!r m9+ locations 9 ^! national p>ks & monum5ts4 ,k+ ,range ,national ,cons]vation ,area1 ,cali=nia3 ,m9+ claims are n prohibit$1 b ^? locat$ aft] ,octob] #ba1 #aigj are subject to /rict regulations & inspection ( all m9+ activity 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chbg74 #a-be ,acquir$ ,l&s3 ,m9]als on acquir$ l&s are n g5]ally op5 to m9]al entry4 ,^! m9]als are possibly subject to leas+ only 7see #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #cejj74 #a-bf ,update3 ,9 ord] t m9]al surveyors may keep abrea/ ( new laws x is desirable t ! ,(fice ( ,*ief1 ,division ( ,cada/ral ,survey1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 keep ! m9]al surveyors advis$1 furni%+ copies ( ! ,acts & p]t95t regulations1 s f> z x is practicable to d s4 ,m9]al surveyors may also keep abrea/ ( new legislation ?r\gh ! local (fices ( ! ,,blm1 _! congressm5 & by becom+ memb]s ( local m9+ associations & att5d+ _! meet+s4 ,/ate ,m9+ ,laws #a-bg ,bo? ! ,acts ( #ahff & #ahgb provid$ = recognition ( 8local cu/oms or rules ( m9]s 9 ! sev]al m9+ di/ricts s f> z ! same are applicable & n inconsi/5t ) ! laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates40 7,r4,s4 #bcai1 #cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bb74 ,c4,f4,r4 #chca4a /ates 9 "p 87c7 comply+ ) ! ,/ate ,laws1 reg>d+ ! record+ ( ! location 9 ! c\nty record]'s (fice1 discov]y "w1 etc4 ,z supplem5tal to ! ,unit$ ,/ates m9+ laws !re are ,/ate /atutes relative to location1 mann] ( record+ ( m9+ claims1 etc41 9 ! ,/ate1 :i* %\ld also be obs]v$ 9 ! location ( m9+ claims40 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-b /ates 9 "p3 8444 #fjj feet 9 wid?1 b :e!r surface gr\nd ( t wid? c be tak5 dep5ds ^u ! local regulations ( ,/ate or ,t]ritorial laws 9 =ce 44440 & #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-f 8! location notice mu/ be fil$ = record 9 all respects z requir$ by ! ,/ate or ,t]ritorial laws1 & local rules & regulations if !re be any40 ,requirem5ts ( ,/ate law z to m9+ locations mu/ be compli$ ) if !y are n repugnant to ! ,unit$ ,/ates m9+ laws4 ,s\? ,dakota v4 ,madill1 #ec ,i4,d4 #aie 7#aicj74 ,x is v cle> t ,/ate laws mu/ be compli$ ) & "s /ates g s f> z to /ate t if ! ess5tials ( discov]y & location are n compli$ )1 ! claim %all be null & void4 ,also1 location c]tificates t d n conta9 ! in=mation set =? 9 ! law1 includ+ an adequate description1 %all be void4 ,! m9]al surveyors _c ignore /ate law1 yet !re are areas :]e !y %\ld n =ce ! claimant to comply1 su* z failure to d ! necess>y discov]y "w z long z a discov]y po9t has be5 designat$4 ,9 su* cases ! claimant %\ld be advis$ ( ! app>5t discrepancy4 ,at 8 insi/5ce1 ! survey %\ld be execut$ & process$ to %[ ! facts & conditions z !y exi/1 leav+ ! matt] to adjudication dur+ pat5t proce$+s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 an inadequate description 9 ! location c]tificate is ju/ification = requir+ an am5d$ c]tificate4 ,ea* m9]al surveyor %\ld obta9 a copy ( ! /ate m9+ laws z soon z possible aft] receiv+ an ord] = survey 9 t /ate4 ,! ,*ief1 ,bran* ( ,cada/ral ,survey ( ea* /ate (fice %\ld h an up-to-date copy ( ! laws = 8 /ate1 & advise ! ,*ief1 ,division ( ,cada/ral ,survey at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ( *anges z !y occur s t he may keep all m9]al surveyors advis$4 ,copies ( /ate laws1 9 pamphlet =m1 are usually available f ! ,/ate ,bureau ( ,m9es or ,geological ,survey1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate or ,attorney ,g5]al4 ,d n confuse /ate laws p]ta9+ to ! location ( m9+ claims on ! public doma9 ) /ate laws cov]+ ! location ( /ate l&s4 ,arizona1 = in/ance1 all[s ! /ak+ ( m9+ claims on /ate l&s & publi%es rules & regulations gov]n+ su* appropriation4 ,mo/ /ates1 h[ev]1 lease _! m9]als4 ,foll[+ is an ab/ract ( ! /ate laws 9 =ce s t m9]al surveyors & cada/ral surveyors w h an imm$iate s\rce ( in=mation4 ,! ab/ract is by no means complete1 b conta9s only ! ess5tials1 & is n a sub/itute = ! laws !mselves4 #a-bh ,,alaska ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location & approximate be>+s & di/ances betwe5 corn]s %all be po/$ at ! nor!a/ corn] ( ! claim4 ,sub/antial monum5ts ( /one or po/s n less ?an ?ree feet high & ?ree in*es 9 diamet]1 m>k$ ) "n ( claim1 position or corn] numb] & direction ( b\nd>y l9es to be erect$ at ea* corn]2 witness corn]s %all be m>k$ to indicate position ( true corn]4 ,cut out1 blaze or m>k b\nd>y l9es4 ,location ,c]tificate3 ,record 9 record+ di/rict 7,alaska does n h c\nties7 )9 #ij days ( po/+1 conta9+ 9 addition to in=mation conta9$ 9 ! location notice1 l5g? & wid? ( claim & ref]5ce to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 7,late fil+ prior to int]v5+ rights r5ews ! location47 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ same in=mation z lodes1 except giv+ l5g? & wid? r ?an metes & b\nds1 to be po/$ on "o ( ! corn]s4 ,monum5tation3 same z = lodes4 ,location ,c]tificate & record+3 same z = lodes4 ,re/rictions on preci\s metal plac]s are3 #a4 ,individual claims limit$ to #bj acres & #acbj feet1 aggregate l5g?4 #b4 ,association claims limit$ to #dj acres & #bfdj feet 9 l5g?4 #c4 ,location by ag5t to be support$ by record$ p[] ( attorney1 limit$ to two pr9cipals p] ag5t 9 any record+ di/rict4 #d4 ,annual labor ( #ajj = ea* #bj acres or excess fraction requir$4 ,o!r3 ,am5d$ locations1 notices & c]tificates are provid$ =4 ,annual ,labor3 ,requirem5ts same z f$]al law1 except = preci\s metal plac]s1 b 9 conflict ) ! ,act ( ,octob] #ba1 #aigf reg>d+ failure to file4 ,discov]y ,"w3 ,none requir$4 #a-bi ,,arizona ,lode1 ,plac] & ,mill ,site ,claims3 ,location notice3 ,conta9+ "n ( claim2 "n & address ( locator7s72 date ( location2 l5g? & wid? ( claim & di/ance f ! location monum5t to ea* end ( ! claim1 9 feet2 ! g5]al c\rse ( ! claim2 a ref]5ce to "s natural object or p]man5t monum5t2 ! section1 t[n%ip & range1 if kn[n1 %all be po/$ on a conspicu\s monum5t ( /ones n less ?an ?ree feet 9 height1 or a po/ at lea/ f\r feet above gr\nd1 at "o corn] )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! claim4 ,monum5tation3 ,)9 #ij days erect six sub/antial po/s project+ at lea/ #d ft4 above gr\nd or sub/antial /one monum5ts at lea/ #c ft4 high1 "o at ea* corn] & "o at ! c5t] ( ea* end l9e ( a lode1 m>k$ to id5tify ! corn] or end c5t]2 po/s may be ( any mat]ial readily di/+ui%$ z monum5ts & %all be no less ?an #a in*es 9 cross section4 ,location ,"w3 ,none requir$ aft] ,septemb] #c1 #aigh4 ,record+3 ,)9 #ij days record 9 ! (fice ( ! ,c\nty ,record] a copy ( ! location notice conta9+ ! section1 t[n%ip & range 7protract$1 if unsurvey$71 to :i* has be5 atta*$ a map bas$ ^u a survey comm5surate ) ! ability ( ! locator1 no m ?an #h by #ad in*es 9 size at a scale ( "o in* equals n m ?an #bjjj feet1 conta9+3 #a4 ,! "n ( ! claim4 #b4 ,:e!r ! claim is a lode1 plac] or mill site4 #c4 ,! locality1 giv+ ! section1 t[n%ip & range ) tie to a monum5t ( ! public survey1 or if unsurvey$ to a survey monum5t ( a ,u4,s4 ,gov]nm5t ,ag5cy or ,u4,s4 ,m9]al ,monum5t1 or1 if none c be f\nd1 to a prom95t natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 #d4 ,! scale ( ! map4 #e4 ,! c\nty 9 :i* ! claim is situat$4 #f4 ,a nor? arr[4 #g4 ,! type ( corn] & location monum5ts us$4 #h4 ,be>+ & di/ance betwe5 corn]s4 #i4 ,if a plac] or mill site describ$ by legal subdivisions1 ! map %all give ! legal description in/ead ( items #c & #h above4 ,o!r3 ,ab&onm5t3 ,failure to p]=m all ! acts ( location )9 ! specifi$ "t con/itutes ab&onm5t4 ,annual ,assessm5t ,"w3 ,same z ,f$]al1 ) =m ( affidavit giv51 to be record$ by ,decemb] #ca ( ! assessm5t ye>4 ,relocation1 by own] & ( ab&on$ claims1 provid$ =1 us+ ! map in/ead ( location "w4 ,exi/+ claims3 ,own] may file map by ,octob] #ba1 #aihj :i* %all con/itute a rebuttable presumption t ! claim 0 monum5t$ on ! gr\nd s t its b\nd>ies c\ld readily be trac$4 #a-cj ,,arkansas ,no /ate laws4 #a-ca ,,cali=nia ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n & curr5t mail+ or resid5ce address ( ! locator7s71 l5g? claim$ along ! c\rse ( ! ve9 ea* way f ! po9t ( discov]y & wid? claim$ on ea* side ( ! c5t] ( ! claim1 9 feet1 g5]al c\rse ( ve91 date ( location 7be+ date ( po/+7 & ref]5ce to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t1 %all be po/$ 9 or on a sub/antial monum5t at ! po9t ( discov]y4 ,monum5tation3 ,conspicu\s & sub/antial monum5ts consi/+ ( a wood5 po/ or /one /ructure n less ?an ?ree & "o-half in*es diamet]1 or metal po/ n less ?an two in*es diamet]1 set at lea/ "o foot 9 ! gr\nd & project+ at lea/ ?ree feet above gr\nd1 or /one m\nd at lea/ ?ree feet high1 ) suffici5t m>ks to designate ! corn] & "n ( claim1 %all be erect$ at ea* corn] & c5t] ( ea* end l9e )9 #fj days f date ( location4 ,witness corn]s provid$ =4 ,record+3 ,)9 #ij days ( po/+1 record a true copy ( ! location notice ) ! c\nty record] ) a /atem5t by ! locator ( ! monum5tation & m>k+s toge!r ) ! section1 t[n%ip1 range & m]idian4 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice same z = lodes except = description :i* %all be ! numb] ( feet or acreage claim$ ) a description ref]5c$ to "s natural object or p]man5t monum5t1 po/$ on a sub/antial monum5t at ! po9t ( discov]y4 ,monum5tation3 ,m>k ! b\nd>ies & erect at ea* corn] a sub/antial monum5t z specifi$ = lodes1 except :]e describ$ by legal subdivisions1 su* description be+ deem$ ! equival5t ( m>k+4 7,no "t limit giv51 o!r ?an ! #ij days = record+47 ,record+3 same z = lodes4 ,tunnel ,"r3 ,location notice3 ,same z = lodes except = description :i* %all be ! propos$ c\rse ( ! tunnel & a description ref]5c$ to "s natural object or p]man5t monum5t1 po/$ on a sub/antial monum5t at ! face ( ! tunnel4 7,no "n = ! tunnel is call$ =47 ,monum5tation3 ,same monum5ts z = lodes plac$ along ! l9es ( ! tunnel on ! surface no m ?an #fjj feet ap>t f ! face to ! t]m9us ( #cjjj feet !refrom4 ,record+3 same z = lodes4 ,mill ,sites3 ,location & claim b\nd>ies m>k$ z = plac] claims1 except t location monum5t may be any:]e )9 ! claim4 ,record+3 same z = lodes4 ,o!r3 ,am5d$ location & notice & relocation provid$ =4 ,annual ,labor1 remonum5tation & rem>k+ ( corn]s3 ,affidavit ( labor z requir$ by f$]al law mu/ be fil$ )9 #cj days ( ! "t limit = p]=mance 7end ( assessm5t ye>7 &1 9 addition to ! usual /atem5ts & descriptions1 a /atem5t t all corn]s & notices are 9 place & are prop]ly m>k$2 an additional #cj days is all[$ = a supplem5tal affidavit if ! orig9al 0 fil$ by someone o!r ?an ! own]4 ,failure 9 su* case con/itutes prima facie presumption ( ab&onm5t4 ,survey & monum5tation by a ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9]al ,surveyor or l& surveyor lic5s$ 9 ,cali=nia toge!r ) fil+ ( field notes = record ) ! location notice1 con/itutes prima facie evid5ce ( ! facts !re94 ,p5alties are provid$ = false /atem5ts & removal or de/ruction ( monum5ts4 ,location 7,discov]y7 ,"w3 ,none requir$ 7law am5d$ 9 #aife = plac]s1 #aigb = lodes71 except 9 ! case ( a tunnel "r4 ,survey ( ,location3 ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9]al ,surveyors are p]mitt$ to make & record location surveys4 #a-cb ,,colorado ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice or pla9 sign to be po/$ at ! po9t ( discov]y on ! surface conta9+ "n ( ! lode 7claim71 "n ( locator7s71 & date ( discov]y4 ,discov]y 7,location7 ,"w 9 ! =m ( a %aft t5 feet deep or deep] if necess>y = discov]y1 or op5 cut1 crosscut or tunnel :i* cuts a lode t5 feet b5ea? ! surface1 or adit at lea/ t5 feet 9 along lode f po9t ( discov]y to be complet$ )9 #fj days f date ( discov]y1 or file a map ) ! location c]tificate bas$ on an actual gr\nd survey 7see bel[74 ,monum5tation3 ,surface b\nd>ies to be m>k$ by six sub/antial po/s1 hew$ or m>k$ on ! sides fac+ ! claim1 set 9 ! gr\nd 7or 9 a m\nd ( /ones on b$rock7 "o at ea* corn] & "o at ! c5t] ( ea* side l9e4 ,witness corn]1 suitably m>k$1 may be us$ z necess>y4 ,record+3 ,)9 ?ree mon?s f date ( discov]y1 file ) ! c\nty record] a location c]tificate conta9+ ! "n ( ! lode 7claim71 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location1 ! numb] ( l9eal feet claim$ on ea* side ( discov]y %aft 7simil> work+ z provid$ above1 or discov]y po9t71 ! g5]al c\rse ( ! lode & su* description z %all id5tify ! claim ) reasonable c]ta9ty4 ,field ,survey & ,map3 ,9 lieu ( a discov]y %aft 7or simil> work+7 & )9 ! "t requir$ = fil+ ! location c]tificate1 atta* to ! location c]tificate = record+ a map at a scale ( #a #ejj prep>$ f an actual gr\nd survey %[+ ! "n & address ( ! discov]] ( ! claim1 ! legal subdivision ^u :i* ! claim is locat$ if on survey$ l&1 c\rses & di/ances ( ! b\nd>ies ) tie to ! ne>e/ section or qu>t] section corn] or p]man5t monum5t if on unsurvey$ l&1 ?us readily id5tify+ ! claim4 ,plac] ,claim3 ,location notice or sign same z lode b also giv+ numb] ( acres or feet claim$4 ,discov]y 7,location7 ,"w3 ,none4 ,monum5tation3 ,at ea* angle po9t 7corn]7 ( claim1 sub/antial po/s z call$ = "u lodes4 ,record+3 ,)9 #cj days f date ( discov]y file ) c\nty record]1 conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location1 numb] ( acres or feet claim$ & description ref]5c$ to natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,mill ,sites3 ,mill sites are simply auxili>y to ! work+ ( m9]al claims & ! location = a mill site %\ld be made 9 sub/antially ! same mann] z t ( a lode or plac] claim4 ,!re mu/ be satisfactory pro( t l& claim$ z a mill site is n m9]al 9 "*4 ,no assessm5t "w is requir$ on mill sites b )\t pat5t !y c only be held by us+ !m = ! purposes = :i* !y 7 locat$4 ,tunnel ,claim3 ,record1 specify+ ! place ( comm5cem5t & t]m9ation ) names ( int]e/$ p>ties4 ,o!r3 ,relocation 7,am5d$ & ,additional7 by own]1 & relocation ( ab&on$ claims provid$ =4 ,annual ,labor3 ,z requir$ by f$]al law1 affidavit may be fil$ )9 six mon?s ( ! end ( ! assessm5t ye>4 #a-cc ,,florida ,no /ate laws4 #a-cd ,,idaho ,all m9+ claim locations3 ,location notice to be po/$ at "o corn] ( ! claim conta9+ "n ( locator7s71 "n ( claim 7:e!r lode or plac]71 date ( location1 m9+ di/rict & c\nty1 directions & di/ances :i* describe claim & tie f corn] :]e notice 0 po/$ to natural object or p]man5t monum5t z w fix & describe ! site ( ! claim4 ,sub/antial monum5ts or po/s at lea/ f\r feet 9 height & f\r in*es squ>e or 9 diamet]1 m>k$ ) ! "n ( ! claim1 ! position or numb] ( ! corn] & direction ( b\nd>y l9es %all be plac$ at ea* corn] or angle4 ,! b\nd>y l9es %all be m>k$ s !y c be readily trac$4 ,provisions = witness corn]s m>k$ to indicate true position4 ,record+3 ,)9 #ij days file = record a copy ( ! location notice ) ! c\nty record]2 failure to d s con/itutes ab&onm5t4 ,atta*$ to notice mu/ be an affidavit ( "o ( ! locators /at+ he is a citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7or decl>$ int5tion to become "o71 he is famili> ) ! gr\nd1 t x has n be5 previ\sly locat$ b if locat$1 ab&on$ or defective4 ,o!r3 ,annual labor same z f$]al1 affidavit requir$ #fj days aft] end ( assessm5t ye>2 except pat5t survey ) affidavit1 includ+ co/1 by ,u4,s4 ,m9]al ,surveyor may1 if suffici5t1 be us$ = "o ye>'s "w4 ,discov]y or ,location ,"w3 ,none requir$2 law am5d$ 9 #aigj4 ,additional ,c]tificate 7am5d$ location7 & ,location ( ,ab&on$ ,claims provid$ =4 #a-ce ,,l\isiana ,no /ate law4 #a-cf ,,mississippi ,no /ate law4 #a-cg ,,montana ,lode & ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location 7po/+7 & dim5sions ( area %all be po/$ at ! po9t ( discov]y4 ,monum5tation3 ,)9 #cj days monum5t ea* corn] or angle ( ! claim us+ a tree eight or m in*es 9 diamet]1 blaz$ on f\r sides1 a po/ f\r in*es squ>e1 f\r feet six in*es long1 set "o foot 9 gr\nd 7or m\nd ( e>? & /one f\r feet or m 9 diamet] & two feet or m high if on b$rock71 a squ>$ /ump ( requisite size surr\nd$ by su* m\nd1 a /one at lea/ six in*es squ>e1 #ah in*es long1 set two-?irds 9 ! gr\nd1 ) m\nd ( e>? & /one alongside at lea/ f\r feet 9 diamet]1 by two feet high1 or a b\ld] at lea/ ?ree feet above gr\nd4 ,monum5t to be m>k$ ) ! "n ( claim & corn] numb] or c>d9al po9t4 ,o!r monum5ts ( less] size to be det]m9$ acceptable by a c\rt 9 ! ev5t ( a dispute4 ,record+3 ,)9 #fj days1 comply ) ! ,u4 ,s4 ,m9+ ,laws & record a c]tificate ( location ) ! c\nty cl]k conta9+ "n ( claim & :e!r x is a lode or a plac]1 "n ( locator7s7 ) po/ (fice address1 date ( location & description1 ref]5c$ to natural object or p]man5t monum5t & section1 t[n%ip & range 7project$ if on unsurvey$ l&72 directions & di/ances f discov]y po9t1 & v]ifi$ be=e an (fic] au?oriz$ to adm9i/] oa?s4 ,)9 #bj days ! c\nty cl]k w furni% a copy to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate ,l&s at ,hel5a1 ,montana4 ,mill ,sites3 ,locat$ same z lodes or plac]s b )\t discov]y4 ,o!r3 ,am5d$ locations1 am5d$ c]tificates1 relocation by own] 7b n to avoid annual labor7 & relocation ( ab&on$ claims provid$ =4 ,fil+ ( false claims prohibit$2 p5alty ( n m ?an five ye>s 9 /ate p5it5ti>y or n m ?an #e1jjj f9e1 or bo?4 ,record+ ( affidavit ( annual labor z requir$ by f$]al law )9 #ij days aft] expiration ( assessm5t ye>4 ,discov]y "w3 ,none requir$1 law am5d$ 9 #aiga4 #a-ch ,,nebraska ,no /ate law4 #a-ci ,,nevada ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s7 ) po/ (fice address1 date ( location1 ! g5]al c\rse ( ! ve91 ! numb] ( feet claim$ ea* way along ! c\rse ( ! ve9 f ! po9t ( discov]y1 & ! wid? claim$ on ea* side ( ! c5t] ( ! ve91 to be po/$ on a monum5t 7z describ$ bel[7 at ! po9t ( discov]y4 ,monum5tation3 ,)9 #bj days f date ( po/+1 erect at ea* corn] ( ! claim & at ! c5t] ( ea* side l9e a monum5t consi/+ ( a tree1 ) top remov$1 n less ?an f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 blaz$ & m>k$1 a rock 9 place ) small] /ones on top hav+ an ov]all height ( no less ?an ?ree feet1 a /one no less ?an six in*es 9 diamet]1 #ah in*es long1 set two-?irds 9 ! top ( a m\nd ( e>? or /one f\r feet diamet]1 two & "o-half feet high2 a po/ f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 f\r & "o-half feet long set "o foot 9 gr\nd 7except on b$rock74 ,all trees1 po/s or rocks1 :5 n f\r feet 9 diamet] %all be surr\nd$ by a m\nd ( e>? or /one f\r feet 9 diamet]1 two & "o-half feet high4 ,witness corn]s are provid$ =4 ,record+3 ,)9 #ij days ( po/+1 record duplicate location c]tificates ) ! c\nty record] conta9+ "n ( ! lode or ve9 7claim71 "n ( locator7s7 ) po/ (fice address1 g5]al c\rse ( ! ve9 & numb] ( feet claim$ ea* way f ! po9t ( discov]y toge!r ) ! wid? on ea* side ( ! c5t] ( ! ve91 /atem5t t location "w consi/$ ( mak+ maps1 & ! location & description ( ea* corn] ) ! m>k+s !reon4 ,maps3 ,)9 #ij days ( po/+1 file duplicate maps ) ! c\nty record] 7"o ( :i* w be s5t to ! c\nty surveyor along ) ! duplicate location c]tificate7 %[+ ! claim or claims1 at a scale no less ?an #ejj feet to an in*1 ! relative position & numb] ( ! corn]s & giv+ a tie by be>+ & di/ance to a corn] ( ! public l& survey or claim location m>k] if no corn] c be f\nd1 or if on unsurvey$ l&4 ,claim location m>k] %all be ( rock1 f\r feet 9 diamet] at base & at lea/ f\r feet high1 or a /eel po/ or pipe at lea/ ?ree in*es 9 diamet] & five feet above gr\nd4 ,also %[ ! t[n%ip & range1 & if survey$1 ! section 9 :i* ! claim & claim location m>k] is situat$4 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice3 ,same z = lodes except t in/ead ( discov]y po9t1 a location po9t any:]e on ! nor? b\nd>y1 & in/ead ( l5g? & wid? f discov]y po9t & ve91 ! numb] ( feet or acres claim$4 ,monum5tation3 ,all corn]s & location po9t ) monum5ts z specifi$ = lodes1 except :5 describ$ by legal subdivisions1 only ! location po9t ne$ be monum5t$4 ,record+3 ,same z = lodes1 except giv+ numb] ( feet or acres claim$ 9 lieu ( lode description4 7,app>5tly no /atem5t reg>d+ map or corn] descriptions necess>y47 ,maps3 ,same z = lodes1 b if describ$ by legal subdivisions1 map %all %[ ! legal subs4 ,mill ,sites3 ,location notice3 ,same z = plac]s except po9t ( po/+ n designat$2 "n ( lode1 m9e or mill ( :i* locator is own] to be giv54 ,monum5tation3 ,same z = plac]s 7& lodes7 s f> z applicable4 ,record+3 ,)9 #cj days file = record ) ! c\nty record] duplicate c]tificates simil> 9 all respects to ! notice po/$4 ,maps3 ,two copies ( a map1 n exce$+ ?ree by f\r feet 9 size to be fil$ = record ) ! location c]tificates4 ,tunnel ,rights3 ,location notice to be po/$ at ! face or po9t ( comm5cem5t conta9+ ! "n ( ! locator7s7 & po/ (fice address1 propos$ c\rse or direction ( tunnel1 height & wid? !re(1 position & "* ( b\nd>y monum5ts & ref]5ce to natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,monum5tation3 ,l9e ( tunnel to be /ak$ at int]vals ( n m ?an #cjj feet f comm5cem5t to #cjjj feet !refrom2 monum5ts to be ! same z = lodes & plac]s4 ,record+3 ,)9 #fj days record ) c\nty record] 7duplicate c]tificates7 simil> 9 all respects to notice po/$4 ,maps3 ,file = record1 ) location c]tificate1 two copies ( a map z requir$ = lodes4 ,o!r3 ,am5d$ locations & c]tificates & relocation ( ab&on$ claims are provid$ =4 ,affidavits ( annual labor are provid$ =2 to be record$ #fj days f completion ( "w4 ,discov]y or ,location ,"w3 ,none requir$1 o!r ?an ! map 7law am5d$ 9 #aiga74 ,false in=mation willfully made on location c]tificates or maps a felony puni%able by no less ?an ?ree nor m ?an t5 ye>s 9 ! /ate prison4 ,survey ) field notes & c]tificate ( survey incorporat$ into ! record by ,u4,s4 ,m9]al ,surveyor or l& surveyor lic5s$ 9 ,nevada1 prima facie evid5ce ( ! facts !re94 ,location ,survey3 ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9]al ,surveyors are p]mitt$ to make location surveys4 #a-dj ,,new ,,mexico ,lode ,claims3 ,location ,notice conta9+ "n ( locator7s71 int5t to locate ! m9+ claim1 7"n ( claim7 & description by ref]5ce to natural object or p]man5t monum5t 7date74 ,monum5tation3 ,m>k ! location on ! gr\nd s t its b\nd>ies may be readily trac$4 ,f\r sub/antial po/s or monum5ts1 "o at ea* corn]4 ,no specifications4 ,discov]y ,"w3 ,a %aft1 cut1 tunnel or adit at lea/ t5 feet bel[ surface disclos+ m9]al 9 place complet$ )9 #ij days ( tak+ possession2 or a drill hole n less ?an "o & "o-half in*es 9 diamet]1 t5 feet or m 9 dep?1 disclos+ a valuable m9]al deposit 9 place4 ,a sub/antial po/ or m>k] at lea/ ?irty in*es high inscrib$ ) ! "n ( claim1 claim own]1 dep? ( hole & date drill$ %all be plac$ )9 five feet ( ! hole4 ,9 addition1 an affidavit by ! own] giv+ ! date ( ! hole1 location )9 ! claim1 & m9]al discov]$ %all be record$ 9 ! (fice ( ! c\nty cl]k )9 ! #ij days4 ,record+3 ,file = record a copy ( ! location notice ) ! c\nty cl]k )9 ?ree mon?s f date ( po/+4 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice %all be po/$ at "o corn] /at+ "n ( claim1 mat]ial locat$1 "n ( locator7s71 & description by legal subdivisions or metes & b\nds ) tie to natural object or p]man5t monum5t1 if on unsurvey$ l&s4 ,monum5tation3 ,a sub/antial wood po/1 f\r feet high1 set securely 9 ! gr\nd1 or a sub/antial /one monum5t1 %all be set at ea* corn] ( ! claim1 reg>dless ( :e!r ! claim is on survey$ or unsurvey$ l&s4 ,discov]y ,"w3 ,none requir$4 ,record+3 ,a copy ( ! location notice %all be record$ ) ! c\nty cl]k )9 #ij days ( location & po/+4 ,o!r3 ,additional & am5d$ locations & relocations provid$ =4 ,ab&onm5t is provid$ = by fil+ = record a /atem5t ) ! c\nty cl]k4 ,p5alties are provid$ = falsify+ location notices & affidavits1 defac+ & *ang+ location notices1 de/ruction ( corn]s1 h9d]+ or prev5t+ p]=mance ( annual labor & trespass1 except = det]m9+ p]=mance ( annual labor or locat+ on gov]nm5t l&4 ,annual labor3 ,affidavit to be fil$ = record ) c\nty cl]k #fj days f end ( assessm5t ye>4 ,private ,l&s3 ,own]s may make regulations1 n 9 conflict ) laws ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates or ,new ,mexico2 gov]n+ ! location ( m9+ claims & file = record ) c\nty cl]k4 #a-da ,,nor? ,,dakota ,lode ,claims3 ,location ,notice3 to be po/$ at po9t ( discov]y conta9+ "n ( lode1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( discov]y1 l5g?1 9 feet1 ea* way f discov]y1 & wid?1 9 feet1 on ea* side ( lode4 ,wid? limit$ by /ate law to #aej feet on ea* side ( lode2 may be modifi$ by c\nty4 ,discov]y ,"w3 ,%aft1 cut or tunnel at a dep? suffici5t to disclose ! ve9 or lode1 or adit t5 feet along ve9 or lode1 or drill hole1 n less ?an "o & "o-half in*es 9 diamet] & ( suffici5t dep? to rea*1 cut or expose ve9 or lode4 ,"w to be complet$ )9 sixty days f "t ( uncov]+ or disclos+ a lode 7po/+74 ,monum5tation3 ,eight sub/antial po/s1 hew$ or blaz$ on ! side fac+ ! claim1 m>k$ ) ! "n ( lode & corn]1 end ( lode1 or side c5t] sunk 9 gr\nd or 9 monum5t ( /one4 ,record+3 ,)9 sixty days file = record ) ! c\nty regi/] ( de$s a location c]tificate conta9+1 9 addition to in=mation 9 location notice1 ! g5]al c\rse ( ! ve91 & date ( location4 ,plac] & ,o!r ,m9+ ,claims3 ,no /ate law4 ,o!r3 ,additional c]tificate & relocation1 bo? by own] & ab&on$ claims1 provid$ =4 ,annual labor3 ,provid$ =1 b no affidavit4 ,surface own]3 ,may dem& security f m9]4 #a-db ,,oregon ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ "n ( lode or claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location1 l9e> feet claim$ ea* way f po9t ( discov]y along ! ve9 or lode & wid? on ea* side ( ! ve9 or lode1 & ! g5]al c\rse ( ! ve9 or lode1 def9+ ! b\nd>ies & ref]5ce to natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,monum5tation3 ,)9 #cj days aft] po/+ m>k ) six sub/antial po/s1 n less ?an ?ree feet above gr\nd & n less ?an f\r in*es squ>e or 9 diamet]1 or sub/antial m\nds ( /one or e>? & /one1 "o at ea* corn] & "o at ea* c5t] end4 ,record+3 ,)9 #fj days f po/+1 file = record ) ! c\nty cl]k a copy ( ! location notice4 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice3 conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location1 numb] ( feet or acres claim$1 & a description by legal subdivisions or ) ref]5ce to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t1 to be po/$ at "s conspicu\s place on ! claim4 ,monum5tation3 ,unless locat$ by legal subdivisions1 corn]s %all be monum5t$ ) same size mat]ials designat$ = lodes1 ) monum5ts no less ?an #acbj feet ap>t4 ,record+3 ,same z = lodes4 ,mill ,sites3 ,location notice same z = plac] claims except = ref]5ce to appurt5ant m9+ claim 7lode or plac]74 ,monum5tation3 ,same z = plac]s4 ,record+3 ,copy ( location notice to be record$ )9 #cj days4 ,o!r3 ,am5d$ notices ( location provid$ =4 ,annual labor affidavit provid$ =2 file )9 #cj days ( completion ( "w4 ,legal ,subdivision includes a subdivision ( a /ate survey4 ,discov]y or ,location ,"w3 ,none requir$4 ,law am5d$ 9 #aiga4 #a-dc ,,s\? ,,dakota ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice to be po/$ at ! place ( discov]y on discov]y monum5t1 conta9+ "n ( lode1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( discov]y1 feet 9 l5g? on ea* side ( discov]y & feet 9 wid? on ea* side ( lode4 ,monum5tation3 ,eight sub/antial po/s hew$ or blaz$ on ! side fac+ claim1 "o at ea* corn]1 "o at ea* end ( ! lode & "o at ! c5t] ( ea* side l9e1 sunk 9 ! gr\nd1 or 9 m\nd ( /one if on b$rock1 m>k$ ) ! "n ( ! lode & ! corn]1 end or side4 ,record+3 ,sixty days f date ( discov]y file = record ) ! c\nty regi/] ( de$s a location c]tificate conta9+ ! same in=mation z 9 ! location notice1 except date ( location in/ead ( date ( discov]y1 & 9 addition ! g5]al c\rse ( ! ve9 & a description ) ref]5ce to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,plac] & o!r m9+ claims3 ,no /ate law4 ,o!r3 ,additional c]tificate & relocation1 bo? by own] & ab&on$ claims1 provid$ =4 ,annual labor3 ,same z f$]al1 affidavit provid$ =1 no "t limit = record+4 ,surface own] may dem& security f m9]4 ,p5alties are provid$ = viol5ce1 ?reats ( viol5ce or intimidation ( m9+ claimants or anyone at "w on ! claim by two or m p]sons4 #a-dd ,,utah ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice conta9+ ! "n ( ! claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( location1 l9e> feet claim$ ea* way along ! c\rse ( ! ve9 f ! po9t ( discov]y1 wid? on ea* side ( ! c5t] ( ! ve91 ! g5]al c\rse ( ! ve9 & a description ) ref]5ce to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,monum5tation3 ,mu/ be di/9ctly m>k$ on ! gr\nd s b\nd>ies c be readily trac$4 7,presumably at ! corn]s1 no specification z to mat]ial & size ( monum5ts47 ,record+3 ,)9 #cj days1 a sub/antial copy ( ! location notice mu/ be fil$ = record ) ! c\nty record]4 ,plac] ,claims & ,mill ,sites3 ,same z = lodes1 except ! location notice %all /ate ! numb] ( feet or acres claim$1 in/ead ( ! l5g? & wid? ea* way f ! po9t ( discov]y4 ,o!r3 ,assessm5t ,"w 7,annual ,labor73 ,provides = po/+ a notice describ+ ! "w at ! discov]y monum5t & at ! work+s2 affidavit to be fil$ #cj days aft] completion4 ,p5alty provid$ = int]f]+ ) notices1 /akes or monum5ts4 ,discov]y or ,location ,"w3 ,none requir$4 #a-de ,,wa%+ton ,lode ,claims3 ,discov]y notice to be po/$ at ! discov]y at ! "t ( discov]y giv+ ! "n ( ! lode1 "n ( locator7s7 & date ( discov]y4 ,monum5tation3 ,sub/antial po/s n less ?an f\r in*es 9 diamet]1 set 9 ! gr\nd1 n less ?an ?ree feet high1 or sub/antial /one monum5ts n less ?an ?ree feet high1 be>+ ! "n ( ! lode & date ( location mu/ be set at ea* corn]4 ,claim b\nd>ies mu/ be bru%$ out1 & trees blaz$ if su* vegetation exi/s4 ,record+3 ,)9 #ij days f date ( discov]y1 record 9 ! c\nty auditor's (fice a location notice conta9+ ! "n ( locator7s71 date ( location1 feet 9 l5g? ea* way f discov]y1 g5]al c\rse ( ! lode1 & a description ref]5c$ to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice or c]tificate to be po/$ 9 conspicu\s place at ! po9t ( discov]y conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( discov]y & po/+ ( notice1 a description by legal subdivisions1 or a description ) ref]5ce to a natural object or p]man5t monum5t4 ,monum5tation3 ,)9 #cj days f discov]y1 includ+ legal subdivision plac]s4 7,no specifications z to monum5ts1 b see requirem5ts = lodes47 ,record+3 ,)9 #cj days f discov]y record notice or c]tificate ( location ) ! c\nty auditor4 ,developm5t "w3 ,)9 #fj days p]=m labor equal to #aj = ea* #bj acres1 & file ) ! c\nty auditor an affidavit %[+ p]=mance & nature & k9d ( "w done4 ,o!r3 ,am5d$ c]tificate 7location7 & relocation provid$ =4 ,assessm5t "w 7,annual ,labor73 ,affidavit provid$ =1 to be fil$ )9 #cj days ( ! expiration ( ! assessm5t ye>4 #a-df ,,wyom+ ,lode ,claims3 ,location notice to be po/$ at ! po9t ( discov]y conta9+ ! "n ( ! lode or claim1 ! "n ( ! discov]] & locator1 & date ( discov]y4 ,discov]y "w3 ,a %aft t5 feet deep1 or cut or tunnel t5 feet long1 disclos+ ! ve9 at a dep? ( t5 feet2 or a drill hole or holes no less ?an "o & "o-half in* 9 diamet]1 aggregat+ at lea/ #ej feet deep ) no "o hole less ?an t5 feet deep1 to expose deposits ( valuable m9]als4 ,"o hole %all be designat$ ! discov]y hole & %all be m>k$ ) a sub/antial po/ or o!r p]man5t m>k] )9 five feet ( ! hole1 firmly set 9 ! gr\nd & at lea/ #cj in*es above gr\nd on :i* %all be plac$ ! "n ( ! claim1 ! own]1 dep? ( hole & date ( drill+4 ,"w to be done )9 #fj days f date ( discov]y4 ,monum5tation3 ,b\nd>ies to be m>k$ by six sub/antial monum5ts ( /one or po/s1 hew$ or m>k$ on ! side fac+ ! claim1 sunk 9 ! gr\nd1 "o at ea* corn] & at ! c5t] ( ea* side l9e4 ,witness corn]s m>k$ to indicate true po9t provid$ =4 7,,note3 ,! above are pr]equisite to fil+ a location c]tificate47 ,record+3 ,)9 #fj days f date ( discov]y record a location c]tificate ) ! c\nty cl]k conta9+ ! "n ( ! claim1 "n ( ! locator7s71 date ( location1 l5g? along ! ve9 ea* way f ! c5t] ( discov]y %aft1 ! am\nt ( surface gr\nd claim$ on ei!r side ( ! discov]y %aft1 ! discov]y %aft be+ always equally di/ant f ! side l9es1 & a description ti$ to a natural object or if on survey$ l& to a section or qu>t] section corn]1 z %all id5tify ! claim beyond "q4 ,plac] ,claims3 ,location notice to be po/$ on claim conta9+ "n ( claim1 "n ( locator7s71 date ( discov]y & numb] ( feet or acres claim$4 ,discov]y ,"w3 ,none4 ,monum5tation3 ,sub/antial po/s or /one monum5ts to be plac$ at ea* corn] ( ! claim4 7,,note3 ,! above are pr]equisite to fil+ a location c]tificate47 ,record+3 ,)9 #ij days aft] date ( discov]y record ) ! c\nty cl]k a location c]tificate conta9+ ! "n ( ! claim1 designat+ x z a plac] claim1 ! "n ( locator7s71 ! date ( location1 ! numb] ( feet or acres claim$ & a description ( ! claim by designation ( natural or fix$ objects z %all id5tify ! claim beyond "q4 ,o!r3 ,additional location c]tificate 7am5dm5t7 & relocation provid$ =4 ,annual labor3 ,affidavits provid$ to be record$ ) ! c\nty cl]k )9 #fj days aft] completion4 ,surface own]s3 ,security f ! m9] provid$4 ,p5alties are provid$ = =ce or ?reats by two or m p]sons de/roy+ m9+ prop]ty1 includ+ notices & am5dm5ts1 & defraud+1 *eat+ or sw9dl+1 ! latt] be+ a felony4 ,survey-,legal ,int]relation%ips #a-dg ,! m9]al surveyor & ! cada/ral surveyor responsible = process+ m9]al surveys mu/ be ?or\ghly famili> ) bo? f$]al & /ate law relat+ to ! appropriation ( m9]als on ! public doma94 ,! m9]al surveyor may be ! fir/ detail$ contact ( ! claimant ) a gov]nm5t (ficial1 & he w look to ! m9]al surveyor = guidance ?r\gh ! fir/ /eps to obta9+ pat5t1 i4e41 ! survey1 includ+ discov]y & "w requirem5ts4 ,if ! location does n meet ! requirem5ts set =? 9 ! law1 ! m9]al surveyor may sugge/ ! corrective /eps necess>y1 includ+ an am5d$ location4 ,if ! location c]tificate is too vague1 an am5d$ c]tificate w be 9 ord]4 ,if ! developm5t "w includes improvem5ts t w n c\nt z pat5t exp5diture or if common improvem5ts w n meet ! te/s set =? 9 ! *apt] on m9]al surveys 9 ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions1 ! m9]al surveyor %\ld discuss ! matt] ) ! claimant & sugge/ corrective measures4 ,! matt] ( a valid discov]y or :at con/itutes suffici5t m9]al = pat5t is a complicat$ matt]4 ,:ile ! m9]al surveyor may discuss ! subject 9 g5]alities1 z set =? 9 ! next *apt]1 x is n 8 duty to rule on x1 ?is be+ a matt] = ! m9]al exam9] & adjudicators to det]m9e4 ,he may guide ! claimant 9 prop]ly locat+ & survey+ 8 claims = pat5t4 ,if ! m9]al surveyor feels t ! claimant is n ju/ifi$ 9 proce$+ to pat5t or if he feels t ! l& is be+ obta9$ = purposes o!r ?an m9+1 he may decl9e to make ! survey1 s9ce x is a matt] ( private contract4 #a-dh ,relation%ip ( surveyor & attorney3 ,if ! claimant has employ$ an attorney-at-law1 ! surveyor & attorney %\ld "w closely toge!r4 ,! surveyor %\ld recognize t he is n s*ool$ 9 ! law & %\ld respect ! attorney's op9ion2 on legal matt]s x is ! attorney's responsibility4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! attorney is n s*ool$ 9 survey+ & ! surveyor %\ld guide him 9 te*nical matt]s4 ,! surveyor may refuse to comply ) reque/s t are 9 conflict ) 8 requirem5ts ( survey & t ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,d\btful situations may be ref]r$ to ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t = fur!r in/ructions4 ,_m attorneys are n exp]t 9 m9+ law & may require guidance f ! m9]al surveyor4 ,%\ld ! surveyor f9d himself 9 a situation :]e legal advice is necess>y1 & ! claimant has n employ$ an attorney1 he %\ld discuss ! matt] ) ! claimant & recomm5d obta9+ ! s]vices ( a lawy]4 #a-di ,extralat]al ,rights 7,apex73 ,bo? ! ,acts ( #ahff & #ahgb grant$ ! "r to foll[ a ve9 d[nw>d on its dip beyond ! v]tical b\nd>ies ( ! claim4 ,r4,s4 #bcbb1 #cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bf /ates 9 "p3 8,! locators ( all m9+ locations made on any m9]al ve91 lode or l$ge situat$ on ! public doma9 444 %all h ! exclusive "r ( possession & enjoym5t 444 ( all ve9s1 lodes1 & l$ges ?r\gh\t _! entire dep?1 ! top or apex ( :i* lies inside ( su* surface l9es ext5d$ d[nw>d v]tically1 al?\gh su* ve9s1 lodes or l$ges may s f> dep>t f a p]p5dicul> 9 _! c\rse d[nw>d z to ext5d outside ! v]tical side l9es ( su* surface locations4 ,b _! "r to possession to su* outside p>ts ( su* ve9s or l$ges %all be conf9$ to su* portions !re( z lie betwe5 v]tical planes drawn d[nw>d z above describ$1 ?r\gh ! end l9es ( _! locations1 s cont9u$ 9 _! own direction t su* planes w int]sect su* ext]ior p>ts ( su* ve9s or lodes40 ,extralat]al rights exi/ only :5 ! end l9es are sub/antially p>allel & !n only :5 ! apex ( ! ve9 passes ?r\gh at lea/ "o ( ! end l9es4 ,if ! ve9 passes ?r\gh bo? end l9es x may be foll[$ ) all its dips & v>iations beyond ! side l9es )9 ! v]tical planes ( ! end l9es 7see ,claim ,a ( ,figure #a74 ,:]e ! ve9 passes ?r\gh "o end l9e & "o side l9e1 "o end l9e is !oretically mov$ by protraction to ! po9t :]e ! ve9 leaves ! side l9e1 & extralat]al rights apply on ! ve9 only to ! ext5t ( ! =e%ort5$ claim 7see ,claim ,b ( ,figure #a74 ,:]e ! ve9 leaves ! claim ?r\gh bo? side l9es1 !re are no extralat]al rights & ! ve9 may be m9$ only 9 ! area conta9$ )9 ! v]tical b\nd>ies ( ! claim 7see ,claim ,c ( ,figure #a74 ,two claims might be locat$ along ! /rike ( ! same ve9 9 su* a mann] z to produce div]g+ end l9es z 9 ,claims ,d & ,e ( ,figure #a4 ,9 ?is case a portion ( ! ve9 b5ea? ! surface 7,f7 belongs to nei!r claim & mu/ be appropriat$ by /ak+ claims ! v]tical b\nd>ies ( :i* w encompass ! unappropriat$ segm5t4 ,:]e ve9s ( two diff]5t claims unite on ! dip1 ! portion bel[ ! junction belongs to ! s5ior claim2 if ! ve9s cross1 r ?an unite1 ! junction belongs to ! s5ior claim4 ,an outcrop is n an apex 9 ! case ( b$d$ deposits t are tilt$ or outcrop on a canyon wall4 ,claims locat$ on ! outcrops ( b$d$ deposits h no extralat]al rights4 ,:]e ! ve9 is wid] ?an pat5t1 ! extralat]al rights belong to ! s5ior claim4 ,a claim locat$ on ! dip1 ?\gh s5ior1 loses ! ve9 to a junior claim prop]ly locat$ on ! apex4 ,! latt] issues h be5 ! subject ( num]\s lawsuits1 & !re h be5 decisions favor+ ea* side4 ,9 ,figure #a1 ,claims ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ,d & ,e 7 locat$ along ! apex ( a ve9 dipp+ to ! s\? 9 alphabetical ord]1 8,a0 be+ ! olde/ claim4 ,! portions ( ! ve9 belong+ to ea* claim are %[n by v>i\s cross-hat*+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a #a-ej ,rip>ian ,rights3 ,al?\gh n a g5]al rule1 occasions h aris5 :5 a m9+ claim adjo9s a navigable body ( wat] & ! %orel9e or mean high wat] m>k becomes ! b\nd>y ( ! claim4 ,9 su* in/ances x is prop] to run su* a b\nd>y z a me&] l9e & ! field notes ( ! m9]al survey %\ld /ate t x is a me&] l9e ( ! mean high wat] l9e & t ! corn]s ( su* l9e are me&] corn]s4 ,! situation is well /at$ 9 ,alaska ,unit$ ,gold ,m9+ ,co4 et al4 v4 ,c9c9nati-,alaska ,m9+ ,co4 et al41 decid$ ,april #ah1 #aiaf1 #de ,l4,d4 #ccj3 8,! rule z to me&] l9es is applicable to m9+ claims1 & :]e 9 ! c\rse ( an (ficial pat5t survey ( a m9+ claim abutt+ ^u a navigable body ( wat] a me&] l9e has be5 run1 :i* foll[s z ne>ly z practicable ! %ore l9e ( ! wat]1 su* %ore l9e & n ! me&] l9e1 mu/ be tak5 z ! b\nd>y ( ! claim :5 pat5t$ accord+ to ! plat & field notes ( ! survey40 8,:]e "o ( ! b\nd>ies ( a pat5t$ m9+ claim is a navigable body ( wat]1 all accretions =m$ aft] survey & prior to entry & pat5t ( ! tract pass$ "u ! pat5t1 & all accretions t may !reaft] =m1 become ! prop]ty ( ! rip>ian proprietor40 ,foll[+ is an example ( a m9+ claim ) a me&] l9e z a b\nd>y tak5 f ,m9]al ,survey #baed;,a ,alaska4 ,:ile ! notes d n specifically call = me&] corn]s1 !y d /ate t ! l9e foll[s ! mean high wat] m>k ( ,cook ,inlet 7,figure #b74 ,x is n necess>y to monum5t ! int]m$iate angle po9ts along ! me&] l9e1 z ! example %[s4 ,%\ld "o entire end ( a claim be del9eat$ by a me&] l9e1 ! end l9e w be protract$ p>allel to ! inl& end l9e at ! f>!/ seaw>d po9t = ! purpose ( det]m9+ extralat]al rights4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b ,,*apt] ,,ii ,discov]y & ,location ,lode ,claims #b-a ,discov]y3 8,no lode claim %all be locat$ until aft] ! discov]y ( a ve9 or lode )9 ! limits ( ! claim1 ! object ( :i* provision is evid5tly to prev5t ! appropriation ( presum$ m9]al gr\nd = speculative purposes to ! exclusion ( bona fide prospectors1 be=e suffici5t "w has be5 done to det]m9e :e!r a ve9 or lode really exi/s40 7#dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4c-a7 ,obvi\sly1 !n1 ! /ak+ & record+ ( a claim )\t a discov]y ( m9]al is to no avail1 except t a discov]y made prior to int]v5+ rights p]fects ! location4 ,a claimant dilig5tly try+ to make a discov]y w g5]ally be protect$4 ,except = ! m9]als cov]$ by ! ,leas+ ,act 7#aibj71 & common v>ieties :i* may be acquir$ "u ! ,mat]ials ,act 7#aidg & #aiee71 8,:atev] is recogniz$ z a m9]al by ! /&>d au?orities1 :e!r metallic or o!r sub/ance1 :5 f\nd on public l&s 9 quantity & quality suffici5t to r5d] ! l&s valuable on acc\nt !re(1 is treat$ z com+ )9 ! purview ( ! m9+ laws40 7#dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chab4a7 ,:e!r a m9]al %\ld be locat$ z a lode or plac] claim dep5ds on ! nature ( ! deposit4 ,lodes are deposits ( m9]al 9 place1 reg>dless ( _! orig94 ,! m9]al mu/ be firmly conta9$ or embrac$ 9 solid rock4 ,?is includes ve9s ) di/9ct hang+ & foot walls1 replacem5t deposits 9 s$im5t>y =mations1 anci5t /ream *annels n[ consolidat$ 9 s&/ones1 su* z ! uranium deposits ( ,wyom+1 & dissem9at$ deposits su* z ! copp] porphyries ( ,arizona4 ,on ! o!r h&1 me*anical deposits ( m9]als su* z gold conta9$ 9 ! gravels ( /ream b$s & alluvium deposits are prop]ly locat$ z plac] claims4 ,h[ev]1 c]ta9 rock types1 su* z m>ble & p]lite :ile m9]al 9 place1 are prop]ly locat$ z plac]s s9ce ! ,act ( #ahib provid$ = locat+ build+ /one "u ! plac] m9+ laws4 ,includ$ are b$d$ m9]als n conta9$ 9 rock 9 place1 su* z b5tonite4 ,! discov]y requirem5ts = a lode claim are t ! m9]al mu/ be 9 place4 ,a discov]y ( float 7a loose piece ( ore f a ve97 is insuffici5t4 ,m]ely a trace ( m9]al is insuffici5t4 ,discov]y by geologic inf]5ce is insuffici5t4 ,!re mu/ be an actual & physical exposure ( a lode4 ,! discov]y mu/ be on vacant public doma91 :i* includes pat5t$ surface l&s ) m9]als res]v$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!re h be5 _m c\rt cases & decisions z to :at con/itutes ! discov]y ( a valuable m9]al deposit & x c be a difficult & complicat$ matt]4 ,! g5]al rule is /at$ 9 ! fam\s ,ca/le v4 ,womble ,decision1 #ai ,l4,d4 #dee1 #ahid3 8,:5 m9]als h be5 f\nd & ! evid5ce is ( su* a "* t a p]son ( ord9>y prud5ce w\ld be ju/ifi$ 9 ! fur!r exp5diture ( 8 labor & means1 ) a reasonable prospect ( success1 9 develop+ a valuable m9e1 ! requirem5ts ( ! /atute h be5 met40 ,9 ! ,jeff]son-,montana ,copp] ,m9es ,co4 case1 #da ,l4,d4 #cbj1 #aijb1 x 0 /at$ t ! foll[+ elem5ts ( discov]y are necess>y3 8#a4 ,!re mu/ be a ve9 or lode ( qu>tz or o!r rock 9 place4 #b4 ,! qu>tz or o!r rock 9 place mu/ c>ry gold or "s o!r valuable m9]al deposit4 #c4 ,! two prec$+ elem5ts1 :5 tak5 toge!r1 mu/ be su* z to w>rant a prud5t man 9 ! exp5diture ( 8 "t & money 9 ! ef=t to develop a valuable m9e40 ,! ext5t ( discov]y w v>y ) ! situation to be consid]$ & ! type ( m9]al & deposit4 ,= example1 ! requirem5t z betwe5 two claimants is f> less ?an t betwe5 a claimant & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a m9]al ( intr9sic value su* z gold may well be consid]$ "u ! rules set =? above1 b a m common m9]al w\ld be fur!r subject$ to a te/ ( m>ketability4 ,9 ! c\rse ( pat5t proce$+s1 a m9]al exam9] ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t1 ! ,=e/ ,s]vice if ! claim is 9 a national =e/ or ! ,national ,p>k ,s]vice if ! claim is 9 a national p>k or monum5t1 w make a field inve/igation to det]m9e ! validity ( ! claims 9 "q4 ,ea* location mu/ be %[n to be m valuable = m9]als ?an = any o!r purpose & ! burd5 ( pro( re/s ) ! claimant4 ,! claimant mu/ be prep>$ to %[ ! actual physical discov]y & sub/antiate ! value ?r\gh assays1 drill logs1 etc4 ,! discov]y ne$ n be on ! surface & may be made und]gr\nd4 ,9 ! case ( blanket 7horizontal7 ve9s1 ! ve9 may be wid] ?an ! claim & discov]y c be made any:]e )9 its b\nd>ies4 ,a discov]y %[+ value &_/or m>ketability may be any:]e )9 ! claim4 ,! discov]y may be on ! end l9e ( a claim1 b a s+le discov]y _c support m ?an "o claim4 ,a discov]y may be lo/ by ! pat5t+ ( a junior claim 9 conflict1 9 :i* case a new discov]y is requir$4 ,a claim cut 9 two by a non-m9]al pat5t requires a discov]y on ea* portion ( ! claim4 ,a claimant is entitl$ to possession z aga9/ ?ird p>ties z long z he is dilig5tly engag$ 9 try+ to make a discov]y4 #b-b ,discov]y ,"w3 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4c-b /ates3 8,! claimant %\ld1 !re=e1 prior to locat+ 8 claim1 unless ! ve9 c be trac$ ^u ! surface1 s9k a %aft or run a tunnel or drift to a suffici5t dep? !re9 to discov]y & develop a m9]al-be>+ ve91 lode or crevice2 %\ld det]m9e1 if possible1 ! g5]al c\rse ( su* ve9 9 ei!r direction f ! po9t ( discov]y1 by :i* direction he w be gov]n$ 9 m>k+ ! b\nd>ies ( 8 claim on ! surface40 ,except = ! =ego+1 ! matt] ( discov]y "w is left to ,/ate law4 ,! g5]al requirem5t 0 t ! ve9 7deposit7 be disclos$ to a dep? ( t5 feet1 or deep] if necess>y1 9 a %aft1 cut or tunnel4 ,9 rec5t ye>s ! t5d5cy is away f requir+ discov]y "w4 ,?is 0 br\ght ab\t l>gely ?r\gh ! de/ruction ( ! surface by bulldoz]s digg+ ne$less pits or cuts on uranium claims 9 ord] to satisfy ,/ate law4 ,drill holes h also be5 sub/itut$ = ! usual %aft1 cut or tunnel4 ,9 "s cases ! fil+ ( maps has be5 sub/itut$ = discov]y "w4 ,! /atutory requirem5ts = ea* ,/ate are giv5 9 ,*apt] ,i4 ,?is *apt] & ! /atutes !mselves %\ld be *eck$ = curr5t requirem5ts4 ,9 any ev5t1 a discov]y po9t 7usually m>k$ by a discov]y monum5t1 be>+ a notice7 %\ld be select$ by ! claimant f :i* to recite ! dim5sions ( 8 claim4 ,if a discov]y is made und]gr\nd1 ! discov]y "w requirem5t is usually met by driv+ a drift or raise1 or s9k+ a w9ze on ! ve91 = t5 feet 9 l5g?2 ! discov]y po9t is !n m>k$ on ! surface1 ) ! dip ( ! ve91 if any1 project$ to ! surface4 #b-c ,location3 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-a /ates3 8,f & aft] ,may #aj1 #ahgb1 any p]son 444 may locate 444 a m9+ claim #a1ejj l9e> feet along ! 444 ve9 4442 or an association ( p]sons 444 may make jo9t location ( su* claim ( #a1ejj feet1 b 9 no ev5t c a location ( a ve9 or lode made aft] ,may #aj1 #ahgb1 exce$ #a1ejj feet along ! c\rse !re(44440 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-b /ates3 8,no lode locat$ aft] ,may #aj1 #ahgb c exce$ a p>allelogram #a1ejj feet 9 l5g? by #fjj feet 9 wid?1 b :e!r surface gr\nd ( t wid? c be tak5 dep5ds ^u ! local regulations or ,/ate or ,t]ritorial laws4444 ,no su* local regulations or ,/ate or ,t]ritorial laws %all limit a ve9 or lode claim to less ?an #a1ejj feet 444 nor c surface rights be limit$ to less ?an #ej feet 9 wid?44440 ,illu/ration3 ,,discov]y ,,cut ,excavat$ by bulldoz]1 ) discov]y monum5t & location notice at ! po9t ( discov]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,discov]y ,,drill ,,hole ,note ! discov]y monum5t 9 ! hole & samples ( cutt+s tak5 at ea* #e feet ( dep?4 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-c fur!r /ates3 8,) reg>d to ! ext5t ( surface gr\nd 4441 ! ,act ( ,may #aj1 #ahgb1 provides t ! lat]al ext5t ( locations ( ve9s or lodes 444 %all 9 no case exce$ #cjj feet on ea* side ( ! middle ( ! ve9 at ! surface1 & t no su* surface rights %all be limit$ by any m9+ regulations to less ?an #be feet on ea* side ( ! middle ( ! ve9 at ! surface 4442 ! end l9es ( su* claims to be 9 all cases p>allel to ea* o!r 4442 & :5 ! locator does n det]m9e by exploration :]e ! middle ( ! ve9 at ! surface is1 8 discov]y %aft mu/ be assum$ to m>k su* po9t40 ,! only ,/ate kn[n to limit ! wid? ( claims at pres5t is ,nor? ,dakota :i* only all[s #aej feet on ea* side ( ! ve94 ,:ile ,wyom+ all[s ! full wid?1 ! side l9es mu/ be equidi/ant f ! discov]y1 i4e41 a claim may n h #cjj feet on "o side & #bjj feet on ! o!r4 ,s9ce ! f$]al law limits ! size to #cjj feet on ea* side ( ! ve91 if #bjj feet is tak5 on "o side1 #djj _c be tak5 on ! o!r4 ,! l5g? ea* way f ! po9t ( discov]y may be any am\nt z long z ! total does n exce$ #a1ejj feet4 ,!re is no limit to ! numb] ( claims any individual1 association or corporation may locate4 ,figure #c %[s ?ree diff]5t claim patt]ns1 all ( :i* meet f$]al requirem5ts4 ,claim ,a is ! usual rectangle ) ! full l5g? & wid?1 ,claim ,b %[s p>allel end l9es t are n at "r angles to ! lode l9e & side l9es4 ,:ile !y are long] ?an #fjj feet1 ! "r angle di/ance on ei!r side ( ! lode l9e is exactly #cjj feet4 ,claim ,c %[s a break 9 be>+ ( ! lode l9e at ! c5t] ( ! claim 7x c\ld be any:]e on ! lode l9e74 ,l ,claim ,b1 ! "r angle wid? does n exce$ #cjj feet on ei!r side ( ! c5t] l9e = any portion ( ! claim4 ,corn]s may be plac$ on pat5t$ l& & on o!r claims 9 ord] to obta9 ! describ$ patt]n & a*ieve p>allel end l9es ) extralat]al rights4 ,if ! fee own] objects to monum5ts1 witness corn]s may be us$4 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-d & #chda4d-e give ! m9imum requirem5ts = def9+ & monum5t+ locations includ+ ! record+ ( location notices4 ,! laws ( ! v>i\s /ates elaborate on ^! requirem5ts giv+ m9imum size ( monum5ts & acceptable mat]ials1 specify+ ! po9ts on ! b\nd>ies t %all be monum5t$1 giv+ ! cont5ts requir$ 9 ! location c]tificates & sett+ "t limits = complet+ discov]y "w & record+4 7,see ,*apt] ,i47 ,a wood #dd po/ at lea/ f\r feet 9 l5g?1 well set 9 ! gr\nd1 makes a good monum5t4 ,x %\ld be m>k$ on ! side fac+ ! claim ) ! corn] numb] & initial1 if n ! full "n ( ! claim4 ,side c5t]s may be m>k$ ,s_/,c & end corn]s ,e_/,c1 z requir$4 ,discov]y monum5ts are usually m>k$ ,d4,m4 ,! m>k+s c be pa9t$1 or scrib$ ) a timb] scrib]4 ,9 a v active area :]e a numb] ( claims are be+ /ak$1 claimants (t5 pa9t ! tops ( po/s ) a di/9ctive color s t !y may be readily id5tifi$4 ,a simple way to lay out & monum5t a s+le claim is to beg9 at ! discov]y po9t & run out ! desir$ di/ance ea* way along ! lode l9e1 !n turn an angle ( #ij & run ea* way #cjj feet to ! corn]s4 7,see ,figure #d47 ,a simple way to lay out a block ( claims on a b$d$ deposit is to run out a common set ( end l9es & at #cjj feet or less turn #ij & at #ej feet or less set a discov]y monum5t4 ,cont9ue ?is proc$ure until ! end ( ! area is rea*$1 !n complete ! survey by runn+ ! b\nd>ies s t ea* corn] is locat$ & monum5t$4 7,see ,figure #d47 ,9 /ak+ a block ( claims x is advisable to make !m %ort ( ! #fjjaejj s t m9or errors 9 ! location survey w n result 9 infractions caus$ by ov]size claims4 ,!re is no set rule = numb]+ corn]s1 clockwise or c\nt]clockwise1 except t !y be consecutive4 ,9 a block ( claims corn] numb]s %\ld be gr\p$1 r$uc+ ! numb] ( ties to a section corn] or natural object4 ,:ile #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-e calls = a tie to a p]man5t1 well-kn[n po9t or object f ! discov]y1 a tie f "o ( ! corn]s is p]fectly acceptable4 ,9 fact a metes & b\nds description ) be>+s giv5 at lea/ to degrees & di/ances 9 feet1 %\ld be includ$ 9 ! location c]tificate4 ,avoid us+ su* directions z s\?we/]ly1 nor!a/]ly1 nor!rly1 etc4 ,acceptable location c]tificate =ms c usually be pur*as$ at a local pr9t] or /ation]y /ore4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d ,! t]m 8location notice0 applies to ! notice po/$ on ! claim at ! "t ( discov]y4 ,"s /ates require t a copy ( ?is notice be record$1 :ile o!rs provide = ! fil+ ( a location c]tificate aft] all discov]y "w has be5 complet$ & ! b\nd>ies monum5t$4 ,=ms = ! location notice1 to be foll[$ by ! location c]tificate = ,colorado1 & a =m = a ,cali=nia location notice1 :]e a copy ( ! notice is record$1 are includ$ 9 ! app5dix4 ,plac] ,claims #b-d ,discov]y3 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chdb4a-a /ates3 8,b "o discov]y ( m9]al is requir$ to support a plac] location1 :e!r x be ( #bj acres by an individual1 or #afj acres or less by an association ( p]sons40 ,! discov]y may be any:]e 9 ! claim & mu/ be m ?an a trace4 ,al?\gh x ne$ n be comm]cial = purposes ( location1 comm]cial feasibility 7or m>ketability7 w be requir$ = pat5t4 ,kn[n lodes are automatically exclud$ f plac] locations4 ,if any are kn[n to exi/ !y mu/ be locat$ z lode claims2 ! ext5t ( surface gr\nd may be ! m9imum1 i4e41 #be ft4 on ei!r side ( ! ve94 ,a numb] ( oil %ale plac] claims 7 9 exi/5ce at ! "t ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act 0 pass$ 9 #aibj1 & h subsequ5tly be5 pat5t$4 ,_m discont9u$ p]=m+ ! annual assessm5t "w on ! !ory t no "o else c\ld locate ! claim4 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior has rec5tly rul$ 7,u4,s4 v4 ,frank ,w4 ,w9neg> et al42 #ha ,i4,d4 #cgj7 t failure to develop an oil %ale claim demon/rates t ! deposit is n valuable & t ! rule ( ! prud5t man has n be5 met4 #b-e ,discov]y ,"w3 ,z ) lodes1 ! ,/ate requirem5ts = discov]y "w h be5 elim9at$ = all b ! ,/ate ( ,wa%+ton4 ,h[ev]1 suffici5t excavation w be necess>y to disclose a valuable deposit4 #b-f ,location3 ,! ,act ( #ahgj limit$ plac] claims to #afj acres1 :e!r !y be locat$ by an individual or association2 ! ,act ( #ahgb limit$ locations to #bj acres p] p]son1 ) up to #afj acres = an association ( eight p]sons4 ,!re=e1 two p]sons may take #dj acres2 ?ree take #fj acres2 f\r take #hj acres1 etc4 ,if practicable1 plac] claims %all con=m to ! legal subdivisions ( ! public l& survey1 ) t5 acres be+ ! smalle/ unit consid]$4 ,if on unsurvey$ l&s1 a plac] claim %\ld con=m to ! protract$ survey4 ,if on survey$ l&s1 no fur!r description is necess>y & ! claim may proce$ to pat5t on ?is basis4 ,/ate law may require monum5tation ( ! corn]s4 ,if on unsurvey$ l&s a m9]al survey w be requir$ be=e application = pat5t c be made4 ,fur!r limitation on size ( preci\s metal plac]s is impos$ by ! ,/ate ( ,alaska4 ,!re is no limit on ! numb] ( plac] claims t may be locat$4 ,:]e fractional lots ( ! public l& survey are enc\nt]$1 ! rule ( approximation may be appli$ to excess acreage4 ,! rule is t ! am\nt ( excess may n exce$ ! am\nt ( loss1 if "o ( ! subdivisions 7 elim9at$4 ,on ! basis ( t5 acre tracts1 ! all[able excess w\ld be #d4ii acres4 ,!re are in/ances :]e con=mity to ! public l& survey is n practical4 ,^! in/ances occur :]e con=mity w\ld take 9 a sizable am\nt ( non-m9]al gr\nd1 su* z a gul* plac]1 :]e ! claim is surr\nd$ by prior locations or con=mity w\ld necessitate plac+ ! l9es on prior claims4 ,9 ^! cases1 a metes & b\nds description is prop]1 b ) ! foll[+ limitation3 ,a location by "o or two p]sons mu/ be includ$ )9 a squ>e #dj acre tract2 a location by ?ree or f\r p]sons )9 two squ>e #dj acre tracts plac$ end to end2 a location by five or six p]sons )9 ?ree squ>e #dj acre tracts2 sev5 or eight p]sons )9 f\r squ>e #dj acre tracts4 7#dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chdb4a-e7 ,reg>dless ( ! mann] 9 :i* a plac] is describ$1 a location notice &_/or c]tificate mu/ be po/$ & fil$ = record4 ,a sample c]tificate is includ$ 9 ! app5dix4 ,mill ,sites #b-g ,au?ority3 ,! ,act ( #ahgb provid$ = five acre mill sites to be tak5 9 conjunction ) lode claims or = ! purpose ( build+ an ore r$uction works 7mill or smelt]74 ,! ,act ( #aifj fur!r provid$ = mill sites tak5 9 conjunction ) plac] claims1 & fur!r provid$ = ! description to be 9 ! same mann] z ! plac]4 ,?is provid$ = describ+ mill sites by legal subdivisions1 & 9 practice ?is me?od ( description is ext5d$ to mill sites tak5 ) lodes or = an ore r$uction works4 7,in/ruction ,memo ,no4 #gb-aea1 #d_/be_/gb47 ,l& appropriat$ z a mill site mu/ be non-m9]al 9 "* & ! surface op5 to location "u ! m9+ laws4 ,once pat5t$1 x includes all m9]als4 ,nom9al values d n con/itute m9]al gr\nd1 nor does ! fact t a mill site adjo9s a lode or plac] claim prove m9]al gr\nd4 ,9 pat5t proce$+s1 ! m9]al exam9] may require drill+ to provide ! non-m9]al "* ( ! l&4 ,z ) lodes & plac]s1 a location notice mu/ be po/$ & record$4 7,see app5dix = sample47 ,/ate law may require monum5tation1 ev5 if describ$ by legal subdivisions4 #b-h ,requir$ ,use3 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chdd4a /ates3 8,a omitt$ is requir$ to be us$ or occupi$ di/9ctly & explicitly = m9+ or mill+ purposes 9 connection ) ! lode or plac] claim ) :i* x is associat$4 ,a cu/om or indep5d5t mill site may be locat$ = ! erection & ma9t5ance ( a qu>tz mill or r$uction works40 ,!re is no limit to ! numb] ( mill sites t may be locat$1 s long z !y are necess>y = ! op]ation ( a m9e or mill4 ,acceptable uses include tail+s ponds1 dumps1 /orage facilities1 liv+ qu>t]s1 etc4 ,tunnel ,sites #b-i ,possessory ,"r3 ,! ,act ( #ahgb gave ! proprietors ( a m9+ tunnel ! possessory "r to #a1ejj feet ( any bl9d lodes cut by ! tunnel1 n previ\sly kn[n to exi/1 = a di/ance ( #c1jjj feet f ! portal1 or fir/ work+ face ( ! tunnel4 ,s9ce ! #a1ejj feet c\ld be tak5 9 ei!r direction f ! l9e ( ! tunnel1 ?is provid$ an exclusive area #c1jjj feet squ>e4 ,:5 a lode is discov]$ 9 ! tunnel1 x mu/ be /ak$ on ! surface1 & a notice po/$ on ! surface at ! project$ po9t ( discov]y1 ei!r directly above or protract$ on ! dip ( ! ve94 ,failure to "w ! tunnel = six mon?s con/itutes ab&onm5t4 ,a tunnel site may n be pat5t$4 7,see app5dix = sample location c]tificate47 #b-aj ,location3 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chdc4b & #chdc4c provides = po/+ a notice at ! portal ( ! tunnel1 /ak+ ! claim & record+ a copy ( ! notice ) ! prop] local au?orities4 ,! ,act ( #aigf also requires record+ ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,x is cu/om>y to /ake ! l9e ( ! tunnel at su* int]vals s t ea* succe$+ /ake or monum5t is visible f ! la/1 beg9n+ at ! fir/ work+ face & cont9u+ #c1jjj feet to ! end4 ,! f\r corn]s ( ! tunnel site %\ld also be monum5t$4 ,al?\gh n expressly provid$ = by law1 a dump site ( reasonable size may be locat$ at ! portal ( ! tunnel4 ,g5]al #b-aa ,record+ ( ,claims3 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chda4d-f /ates3 8,! location notice mu/ be fil$ = record 9 all respects z requir$ by ,/ate or ,t]ritorial laws1 & local rules & regulations1 if !re be any40 ,al?\gh ! =ego+ is conta9$ 9 t section p]ta9+ to lode claims1 ! same applies to plac] claims1 mill sites & tunnel sites4 ,all ! /ate laws make provision = ! record+ ( location notices1 ) ! ,c\nty ,cl]k & ,record] or 8 equival5t 7,regi/] ( ,de$s 9 ,nor? & ,s\? ,dakota1 ,c\nty ,auditor 9 ! ,/ate ( ,wa%+ton74 ,%\ld ! claim fall 9 two c\nties1 x is prop] to record ! orig9al c]tificate 9 ! c\nty 7& /ate7 :]e ! discov]y lies4 ,! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf made ! recordation ( m9+ claims ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t m&atory4 ,unlike /ate requirem5ts1 failure to file = record ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t )9 ! designat$ "t makes ! claim ab&on$ & void4 ,! objective is /at$ 9 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chcc4j-b3 8,an objective ( ^! regulations is to det]m9e ! numb] & location ( unpat5t$ m9+ claims1 mill sites or tunnel sites locat$ on ,f$]al l&s to assi/ 9 ! managem5t ( ^? l&s & ! m9]al res\rces !re94 ,o!r objectives are to remove ! cl\d on ! title to ^! l&s because !y are subject to m9+ claims t may h be5 ab&on$ & to keep ! ,,blm abrea/ ( transf]s ( int]e/ 9 unpat5t$ m9+ claims1 mill site & tunnel sites 44440 ,an ab/ract ( ! law is giv5 9 ,*apt] ,i4 ,! prop] ,/ate (fice ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t %\ld be contact$ to det]m9e _! requirem5ts4 #b-ab ,assessm5t ,"w 7,annual ,labor73 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chea4a /ates3 8,9 ord] to hold ! possessory "r to a lode or plac] location made aft] ,may #aj1 #ahgb1 n less ?an #ajj wor? ( labor mu/ be p]=m$ or improvem5ts made !reon annually4 ,! p]iod )9 :i* ! "w requir$ to be done %all comm5ce at #ab o'clock m]idian on ! fir/ day ( ,septemb] succe$+ ! date ( location ( ea* claim4 ,:]e a numb] ( contigu\s claims are held 9 common1 ! aggregate exp5diture t w\ld be necess>y to hold all ! claims may be made on any "o claim4 ,corn]+ locations are held n to be contigu\s40 ,almo/ any type ( improvem5t w c\nt z assessm5t "w4 ,developm5t "w 9 ! =m ( %afts1 cuts & tunnels def9itely w c\nt z well z drill holes4 ,roads1 bridges1 ore b9s1 etc41 w also c\nt4 ,rec5tly1 geological1 geo*emical & geophysical surveys h be5 includ$ z qualify+ = assessm5t "w1 al?\gh n = pat5t exp5diture4 ,reports by qualifi$ exp]ts conduct+ su* surveys mu/ be fil$ ) ! c\nty record]4 ,su* "w _c apply to m ?an two consecutive ye>s & no m ?an a total ( five ye>s4 ,"w may be done 9 a common improvem5t1 b su* "w mu/ be ( b5efit to all claims ( ! common gr\p4 ,x may be outside ! claims1 su* z a tunnel driv5 t[>d ! gr\p = ! developm5t ( ! claims at dep?4 ,n all "w qualify+ = annual labor w qualify z pat5t exp5diture4 ,provision is made 9 /ate laws = ! fil+ ( an affidavit ( assessm5t "w & =m ( cont5t is provid$4 ,a copy ( said affidavit or o!r pro( mu/ also be fil$ ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,9 ! pa/1 ! fil+ = record ( ! affidavit %ift$ ! burd5 ( pro( f ! claimant to ?ird p>ties & failure to file su* an affidavit1 or failure to d ! "w1 did n invalidate ! claim4 ,n[1 failure to d ! "w & file ! necess>y pro( ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t w r5d] ! claim ab&on$ & void4 ,notice ( int5t to hold mu/ be fil$ ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t 9 ! case ( mill sites & tunnel sites & 9 ! case ( lodes or plac]s %\ld ! annual assessm5t "w be susp5d$ z x has 9 ! pa/ dur+ "t ( w> or economic /ress4 #b-ac ,relocation1 ,am5d$ ,location1 ,additional ,location ,c]tificate3 ,! t]ms 8relocation0 & 8am5d$ location0 :5 made by ! own] are synonym\s4 ,g5]ally1 !re is no relocation or am5d$ location by ! own] unless !re is a *ange on ! gr\nd1 su* z a *ange 9 ! b\nd>ies or a *ange 9 ! discov]y4 ,su* relocations or am5d$ locations relate back to ! orig9al location & no exi/+ rights are surr5d]$ by su* an am5dm5t4 ,if !re is no *ange on ! gr\nd1 & ! *ange is only 9 ! description1 !n an additional location c]tificate w suffice4 ,am5dm5ts 7or relocations7 by ! own] are made = ! purpose ( correct+ any errors 9 ! orig9al location1 description or record1 *ang+ ! b\nd>ies1 or = ! purpose ( acquir+ t "p ( any ov]lapp+ claim t has be5 ab&on$4 ,a relocation by ! own] w n cure ! lack ( discov]y or failure to d assessm5t "w4 ,9 ! case ( relocation ( an ab&on$ claim by a ?ird p>ty1 ! discov]y "w %\ld be ext5d$ or a new discov]y made & ! monum5ts %\ld be *eck$ to see t all are 9 place & 9 good condition4 ,su* a relocation does n relate back to ! orig9al location4 ,/ate laws cov] am5dm5ts & relocations & !y %\ld be *eck$ = ! requirem5ts4 7,see app5dix = sample ,additional & ,am5d$ ,location ,c]tificate47 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,m9]al ,surveyors ,appo9tm5ts #c-a #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chfa4e-a /ates3 8,pursuant to section #bccd ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ci71 ! ,director or 8 delegate w appo9t only a suffici5t numb] ( surveyors = ! survey ( m9+ claims to meet ! dem& = t class ( "w4 ,ea* applicant %all qualify z prescrib$ by ! ,director or 8 delegate4 ,applications = appo9tm5t may be made at any (fice ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t li/$ 9 #chba4b-a ( ^! regulations4 ,a ro/] ( appo9t$ m9]al surveyors w be available at ^! (fices4 ,ea* appo9tee may execute m9]al surveys 9 any /ate :]e m9]al surveys are au?oriz$40 ,! ,director ref]r$ to is ! ,director1 ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 #c-b ,m9]al ,surveyors 7 orig9ally appo9t$ by ! ,surveyors ,g5]al 7,g5]al ,l& ,(fice7 ( ! v>i\s /ates :]e m9]al surveys are au?oriz$1 & 7 appo9t$ = t ,/ate only4 ,z a g5]al rule ^! m5 7 practic+ consult+ m9+ eng9e]s 9 an area cov]+ "o or m m9+ di/ricts & seldom w5t out ( _! area to execute surveys4 ,z a result1 ov] a p]iod ( "t1 !y develop$ a valuable set ( survey records p]ta9+ to claim corn]s1 section corn]s & m9e work+s4 ,claimants f\nd x advantage\s to employ a m9]al surveyor 9 8 di/rict because ( 8 proximity to ! "w & 8 previ\sly acquir$ k4 ,) ! decl9e 9 m9+ activity due to m9]al deposits be+ exhau/$ or rea*+ uneconomical dep?s1 & ) ! improvem5t 9 modes ( transportation1 m9]al surveyors f\nd !mselves cov]+ l>g] areas1 & _m s\ght appo9tm5ts 9 m ?an "o ,/ate4 ,) ! =mation ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t & ! e/abli%m5t ( areas or regions1 ! m9]al surveyors' appo9tm5ts 7 ext5d$ to ! area or region embrac+ _! ,/ate & all adjo9+ /ates to ! area or region1 & f9ally to all /ates subject to ! ,f$]al m9+ laws4 #c-c ,today1 m9]al surveyors are appo9t$ by ! ,*ief1 ,division ( ,cada/ral ,survey ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t at ,wa%+ton1 :o acts = ! ,director4 ,application may be made to any ,/ate ,(fice or directly to ! ,wa%+ton ,(fice4 ,! application %\ld conta9 a brief resume ( ! applicant's exp]i5ce 9 l& survey+1 m9+ & geology & li/ ! /ates 9 :i* he is regi/]$ z a l& surveyor1 or z a pr(essional eng9e] if t /ate p]mits c]ta9 classes ( pr(essional eng9e]s to d l& survey+4 ,! applicant is caution$1 h[ev]1 t appo9tm5ts are made only if a ne$ is demon/rat$ by "o ( ! ,/ate ,directors1 & he reque/s t an exam9ation be held at 8 (fice to supplem5t ! roll ( m9]al surveyors4 ,appo9tm5ts are pres5tly = a f\r-ye> p]iod4 #c-d ,m9]al surveyors 7 orig9ally bond$ & su* bonds 7 usually = a f\r-ye> p]iod4 ,! r5ewal ( ^! bonds s]v$ to keep ! ro/] ( m9]al surveyors active4 ,bonds are no long] requir$1 b ! m9]al surveyor mu/ reque/ r5ewal ( 8 appo9tm5t #fj days be=e its expiration4 ,r5ewal is bas$ on 8 activity z a m9]al surveyor1 ! quality ( 8 "w & ! timel9ess ( fil+ returns ( 8 surveys4 ,if ! record %[s t he has n be5 actively engag$ 9 execut+ m9]al surveys1 he may be dropp$ f ! rolls4 ,if he all[s 8 appo9tm5t to lapse1 he w n be re9/at$ or reappo9t$ unless he demon/rates 8 capability to make m9]al surveys1 & !re is a ne$ = additional m9]al surveyors4 #c-e ,a m9]al surveyor's appo9tm5t may be revok$ at any "t = j cause1 among :i* are3 incompet5ce1 gross misconduct1 conflict ( int]e/1 failure to p]sonally execute a survey1 failure to prosecute "w dilig5tly1 & failure to file timely returns4 #c-f ,be=e ! revocation z /at$ 9 #c-e c occur1 any out/&+ surveys or survey ord]s mu/ be dispos$ ( by completion1 cancellation or by issu+ a new ord] to ano!r m9]al surveyor1 z mutually agre$ on by all p>ties4 ,qualification #c-g ,al?\gh ! m9]al surveyor1 z an employee or (fic] ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 is n subject to ,/ate laws regulat+ ! practice ( l& survey+1 he w f9d x advisable to be regi/]$1 at lea/ 9 8 home ,/ate1 if n 9 o!r /ates :]e he engages 9 m9]al l& survey+4 ,actually1 he is only exempt f regi/ration :5 he is work+ "u a m9]al survey ord] & z su* he is limit$ to "w cov]$ by ! ord]4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,/ates ( ,cali=nia & ,nevada specifically p]mit a ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9]al ,surveyor to make a location survey & to make su* survey a "p ( ! record4 7,public ,res\rces ,code ( ,cali=nia1 ,sec4 #bcaa1 & #eag4baj ,r4,s4 ,nevada47 ,a m9]al surveyor w\ld probably n be que/ion$ 9 o!r /ates if he is mak+ an am5d$ location survey or field exam9ation prior to ! application = survey4 ,(t51 additional "w w be requir$ by ! claimant & ! m9]al surveyor w h to ref] ?is "w to o!rs or associate ) a regi/]$ surveyor4 ,fur!rmore1 if an applicant = appo9tm5t is n regi/]$ 9 8 home ,/ate1 ! ,*ief ( ! ,division ( ,cada/ral ,survey may require a m ext5sive exam9ation s z to embrace mat]ial normally cov]$ 9 ,/ate exam9ations4 #c-h ,al?\gh basically a l& surveyor1 ! m9]al surveyor %\ld h a work+ k ( geology1 ore deposits & pr9ciples ( m9+ 9 ord] to prop]ly execute 8 "w4 ,he %\ld also be famili> ) ! me?ods ( mak+ und]gr\nd surveys4 ,he may acquire su* k in=mally by read+ texts on ! subjects & ?r\gh memb]%ip 9 local m9+ associations & organizations4 #c-i ,applicants = appo9tm5t z ,m9]al ,surveyor mu/ pass a #af-;h\r exam9ation ) a grade ( #gj consi/+ ess5tially ( f\r p>ts3 #a4 ,a sol> obs]vation = azimu? consi/+ ( six consecutive read+s1 ) an eng9e]'s transit or d\ble c5t] !odolite1 ?ree ea* ) ! telescope 9 direct & rev]s$ positions obs]v+ opposite limbs ( ! sun2 toge!r ) ! necess>y calculations to det]m9e ! true m]idian4 ,! applicant w furni% ! in/rum5t us$4 #b4 ,correctly answ] que/ions on ! legal & te*nical aspects ( m9]al surveys4 ,su* que/ions may be ( ! true_/false or multiple *oice type4 #c4 ,solve a practical problem relat+ to m9+ claims1 includ+ conflicts1 :]e a set ( conditions are giv54 #d4 ,prep>e a set ( field notes & prep>e a prelim9>y plat f giv5 field data4 ,ref]5ces & calculators includ+ m9icomput]s may be us$ 9 ! exam9ation4 ,x is an op5 book exam9ation4 ,! exam9ation w be held 9 ! (fice ( ! ,/ate ,director :o made ! reque/1 b x is n limit$ to resid5ts ( t ,/ate & anyone ^: application has be5 accept$ may take ! exam9ation at 8 own exp5se4 ,^u successful completion ( ! exam9ation1 ! applicant w furni% ! names ( ?ree ref]5ces :o are famili> ) 8 "*1 integrity & capability z a surveyor4 ,! exam9ation is prep>$ by ! ,wa%+ton ,(fice & mail$ 9 a seal$ envelope be>+ ! applicant's "n to ! ,/ate (fice4 ,! complet$ exam9ation is return$ to ! ,wa%+ton ,(fice 9 a seal$ envelope = ea* applicant = grad+4 ,duties ( ! ,m9]al ,surveyor #c-aj ,! duties ( ! m9]al surveyor beg9 ) an ord] = survey & cease ) ! approval ( t survey4 ,?is precludes us+ data acquir$ by =m] surveys & by reason ( hav+ made ! location or am5d$ location survey1 unless su* data is v]ifi$ by field "w & exam9ation aft] ! survey ord] is issu$4 ,! surveyor %\ld n act z ag5t = ! claimant 9 ! sign+ ( location or am5d$ location c]tificates1 al?\gh he may po/ su* notices = ! claimant4 ,! m9]al surveyor is prohibit$ f tak+ any "p 9 ! pat5t application2 h[ev]1 he may assi/ ! attorney or ag5t or ! claimant himself 9 int]pret+ 8 field notes1 includ+ ! area /atem5t4 ,a m9]al surveyor exce$s 8 duties if he prep>es ! notices ( application = pat5t 7#bd ,l4,d4 #aic74 #c-aa ,! survey mu/ be made 9 p]son by ! m9]al surveyor4 ,?is does n mean t e physical act ( survey mu/ be p]=m$ by him1 b x mu/ be p]=m$ "u 8 direct sup]vision 9 ! field4 ,! m9]al surveyor is prohibit$ f delegat+ su* sup]vision to employees4 ,9 o!r words1 ! m9]al surveyor _c s5d a field p>ty out to d ! "w "u 8 au?ority )\t be+ on ! gr\nd himself4 ,!re is no objection to hav+ m ?an "o survey crew p]=m ! field "w z long z ! m9]al surveyor c give ea* crew adequate sup]vision4 ,! same rule applies to (fice "w 9 connection ) ! survey4 ,!re is no?+ t prohibits a m9]al surveyor f be+ a "p ( an eng9e]+ &_/or survey+ firm1 b he %\ld be a pr9cipal ( t firm4 ,if he works z an employee ( su* a firm1 he is compromis+ 8 appo9tm5t1 = z a m9]al surveyor he is an employee ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,he _c be an employee ( ! claimant1 nor c he employ ! claimant1 8 attorney or p>ties 9 int]e/ z assi/ants 9 mak+ surveys ( m9]al claims 7#dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chfa4c-b74 #c-ab ,! survey mu/ be an actual survey on ! gr\nd4 ,?is precludes ! calculation ( ties & o!r l9es ?r\gh prior surveys4 7,see #f ,l4,d4 #gah :i* disall[$ a section corn] tie calculat$ f ano!r survey & requir$ an am5d$ survey to run ! section tie on ! gr\nd47 #c-ac ,! m9]al surveyor %\ld be> 9 m9d t 8 field "w is subject to spot *ecks by cada/ral surveyors ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t = suffici5cy & accuracy2 also1 if 8 returns ( a survey indicate irregul>ities1 a complete exam9ation by ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t may be made4 ,su* field *ecks w normally be made :5 a field p>ty is 9 ! area dur+ ! normal c\rse ( a field season4 ,irregul>ities t _c be resolv$ ) ! m9]al surveyor may call = a special field exam9ation4 ,contract = ,surveys #c-ad #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #chfa4d-a ,paym5t3 7a7 ,! claimant is requir$ 9 all cases to make satisfactory arrangem5ts ) ! surveyor = ! paym5t = 8 s]vices & ^? ( 8 assi/ants 9 mak+ ! survey1 z ! ,unit$ ,/ates w n be held responsible = ! same4 7b7 ,! ,/ate ,director has no jurisdiction to settle diff]5ces relative to ! paym5t ( *>ges = field "w betwe5 m9]al surveyors & claimants4 ,^! are matt]s ( private contract & mu/ be en=c$ 9 ! ord9>y mann]1 i4e41 9 ! local c\rts4 ,! ,dep>tm5t has1 h[ev]1 au?ority to inve/igate *>ges affect+ ! (ficial actions ( m9]al surveyors1 & w1 on suffici5t cause %[n1 susp5d or revoke _! appo9tm5t4 7,see #c-a above47 #c-ae #cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ci /ates 9 "p3 8,! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t %all also h ! p[] to e/abli% ! maximum *>ges = surveys 4442 & to ! end t ! ,director may be fully in=m$ on ! subject1 ea* applicant 7= pat5t7 %all file ) ! ,manag] 7( ! l& (fice7 a sworn /atem5t ( all *>ges & fees paid by su* applicant = 444 surveys44440 #c-af ,_m factors ent] into ! ultimate co/ ( a m9]al survey1 su* z ! t]ra91 di/ance f c5t]s ( population1 condition ( ! public l& survey1 numb] ( conflicts ) prior surveys & pat5ts1 ! age ( conflict+ surveys1 v>iable wea!r conditions1 & inflation4 ,co/ %\ld be a second>y consid]ation 9 select+ a m9]al surveyor & ! remun]ation %\ld be su* z to assure an adequate job4 ,_m ( ! e>ly day surveys ( ! public l&s result$ 9 poor or ev5 fraudul5t "w because ( ! l[ contract price4 ,if a m9]al surveyor has _h consid]able exp]i5ce 9 an area1 he may agree to a fix$ price p] claim1 plus a fix$ price p] conflict & p] mile ( retracem5t ( section l9es ) subdivision ( sections z requir$4 ,an alt]native to ?is is a daily or h\rly fee = ea* pr9cipal or p>ty *ief & assi/ants1 plus exp5ses at co/1 :i* assures ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t & ! claimant t quality w n be sacrific$ because ( co/4 ,9 ! latt] case1 ! m9]al surveyor %\ld provide ! claimant ) an e/imate s t he w be prep>$ to meet 8 invoices4 ,ei!r type ( contract %\ld provide = p]iodic paym5ts1 & ! m9]al surveyor is ju/ifi$ 9 reque/+ an advance deposit4 ,9 any ev5t1 paym5t = ! m9]al survey is a matt] ( private contract2 ! =ego+ are m]ely sugge/ions4 #c-ag ,inasmu* z m9]al surveyors may n hold an int]e/ 9 ! public doma9 7see ,sec4 #c-ah bel[71 !y are prohibit$ f accept+ an int]e/ 9 ! claims z paym5t = 8 s]vices4 ,re/rictions #c-ah ,! foll[+ is quot$ f ! curr5t 7#aigg7 lett] appo9t+ m9]al surveyors3 8,z a special ,gov]nm5t employee 7see ,waskey v4 ,hamm]1 #bbc ,u4,s4 #he1 #aiaa71 y are subject to ! p]t95t conflict ( int]e/ /atutes & /&>ds ( e?ical conduct z set out 9 #ah ,u4,s4,c4 #bjb & ,e4,o4 #aabbb1 ,"p ,,iii4 ,y & y\r wife are prohibit$ f acquir+ an int]e/ 9 ! public l&s1 ei!r directly or indirectly1 by provisions ( #dc ,u4,s4,c4 #aa & #dc ,c4,f4,r41 ,"p #g4 ,?is prohibition ext5ds to locat+ & hold+ 9 y\r names any m9+ claims1 oil & gas leases1 graz+ lic5ses or p]mits1 cada/ral survey contracts1 or mak+ any o!r application or fil+ "u ! public l& laws40 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #g4b def9es int]e/ z foll[s3 8,! t]m #8int]e/' means any direct or indirect own]%ip 9 :ole or 9 "p ( ! l&s or res\rces 9 "q1 or any p>ticipation 9 ! e>n+s !refrom1 or ! "r to occupy or use ! prop]ty or to take any b5efits !refrom bas$ on a lease or r5tal agreem5t1 or ^u any =mal or in=mal contract ) a p]son :o has su* an int]e/4 ,x includes memb]%ip 9 a firm1 or own]%ip ( /ock or o!r securities 9 a corporation :i* has su* an int]e/3 ,provid$1 t /ock or securities trad$ on ! op5 m>ket may be pur*as$ by an employee if ! acquisition !re( w n t5d to int]f]e ) ! prop] & imp>tial p]=mance ( ! duties ( ! employee or br+ discr$it ^u ! ,dep>tm5t40 ,employees /ation$ 9 ,alaska are exempt f ! above1 except = a m9]al lease or m9+ claim1 & may acquire "o tract ( l&1 n exce$+ five acres1 = resid5ce or recreation purposes4 #dc ,c4,f4,r4 #g4d 7a7 7#a7 & 7#b74 ,ret5tion ( an int]e/ may be approv$ ^u writt5 reque/ to ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 provid$ ! int]e/ 0 acquir$ prior to becom+ an employee or ! int]e/ 0 acquir$ by gift1 devise1 beque/1 or by op]ation ( law4 #c-ai ,! m9]al surveyor may be requir$ to file ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t a 8,public ,disclosure ,/atem5t ( ,kn[n ,f9ancial ,int]e/s0 "u ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act4 #c-bj ,x %\ld be cle> :y ! =ego+ re/rictions are plac$ on m9]al surveyors4 ,!y remove any possible conflict ( int]e/ & ! claimant may deal freely ) ! m9]al surveyor kn[+ t he _c b5efit f any in=mation or k ga9$ dur+ ! c\rse ( ! survey4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,application & ,ord] = ,survey #d-a ,purpose3 ,except 9 special in/ances1 su* z l&s select$ by ! ,native ,corporations "u ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act1 a m9+ claim may be held indef9itely z a location by p]=m+ ! annual assessm5t "w & mak+ ! necess>y affidavits & record+s4 ,h[ev]1 once a valuable m9]al deposit has be5 prov5 to exi/1 x may be desirable to obta9 absolute fee title 7pat5t7 to ! claim :i*1 except 9 special cases1 includes n only ! m9]al e/ate1 b ! surface z well4 ,pat5t n only assures possession ( ! prop]ty1 b w facilitate f9anc+ z well4 ,unless ! claim is describ$ by legal subdivisions z 9 ! case ( plac]s & mill sites1 an (ficial survey by a ,unit$ ,/ates ,m9]al ,surveyor "u ! direction & ) ! approval ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t is ! fir/ /ep 9 obta9+ a pat5t4 ,almo/ univ]sally1 ! location survey has n be5 made ) suffici5t accuracy or detail to provide ! necess>y description = pat5t4 ,! pat5t survey w1 9 addition to p]man5tly monum5t+ & witness+ ! location on ! gr\nd1 %[ all conflicts ) prior m9]al surveys1 fee l&s ) m9]al rights1 & prior locations t ! claimant wi%es to exclude4 ,x w also %[ all ! work+s on ! claims1 bo? by ! claimant & by o!rs1 if any4 ,! survey itself conf]s no rights2 pat5t mu/ foll[4 #d-b ,select+ a ,m9]al ,surveyor3 ,a li/ ( approv$ & active m9]al surveyors may be obta9$ f any ,/ate ,(fice1 or f ! ,director1 ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t1 at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c4 ,m9]al surveyors' appo9tm5ts cov] all /ates :]e ! m9+ laws are applicable4 ,usually1 x w be advantage\s to select a m9]al surveyor close to ! project1 or "o :o has work$ 9 ! area & has a k ( exi/+ surveys4 ,all m9]al surveyors are n equally exp]i5c$4 ,_! appo9tm5t means t !y h met c]ta9 qualifications & h satisfactorily demon/rat$ a k ( m9]al survey proc$ures4 ,m ?an "o m9]al surveyor %\ld be consult$ be=e mak+ a selection4 ,8 propos$ me?od ( mak+ ! survey1 8 availability & "t s*$ule1 z well z fees %\ld be discuss$4 ,fees %\ld be a second>y consid]ation & may be on a "t & exp5se basis or a flat contract price4 ,if a flat price is to be decid$1 ! m9]al surveyor w probably want to fir/ make an exam9ation ( ! prop]ty4 ,9 any ev5t1 ! arrangem5t betwe5 ! m9]al surveyor & ! claimant is a matt] ( private contract1 & ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t w n be responsible4 ,ev5 aft] a survey has be5 />t$1 ! claimant may dis*>ge a m9]al surveyor & select ano!r1 b su* action w call = an am5d$ ord] = survey4 #d-c ,select+ an ,attorney3 ,an attorney-at-law to act z ag5t = ! claimant 9 ! pat5t proce$+s is n necess>y2 ! claimant c make ! application = pat5t himself4 ,h[ev]1 an attorney well-v]s$ 9 m9+ law c be a big asset & arrangem5ts %\ld be made prior to ! survey s t he w be available = consultation4 ,! m9]al surveyor w "k ( attorneys ) :om he has previ\sly work$ & may be able to make recomm5dations4 ,! attorney's fee may be negotiat$4 ,if ! claimant is a l>ge corporation1 x may h /aff attorneys or l&m5 t c h&le ! pat5t application4 ,! m9]al surveyor may n assi/ 9 ! pat5t proce$+s4 ,8 help may be requir$ 9 det]m9+ ! net area ( ! claim f ! area /atem5t 9 ! m9]al surveyor's field notes4 ,!re is no objection to ! m9]al surveyor int]pret+ 8 notes1 & assi/+ 9 ?is reg>d4 #d-d ,application = ,survey3 ,mu/ be made by claimant7s7 or 8 ag5t on curr5t ,=m #chfj-e 7see app5dix74 ,in/ructions are on ! back ( ! =m4 #a4 ,! "n ( ! applicant 7claimant7 %\ld be giv5 exactly z x is to appe> 9 ! pat5t1 toge!r ) 8 po/ (fice address4 #b4 ,gr\p "n 7if any74 ,if ! claims are kn[n by a gr\p "n1 x may be plac$ "h4 ,if !y d n h a gr\p "n1 x may be omitt$4 #c4 ,"n7s7 ( claim7s7 %\ld appe> exactly z !y are giv5 9 ! location c]tificate1 e4g41 ,molly ,no4 #a %\ld n be giv5 z ,molly #a4 ,! date ! claim 0 fir/ locat$ & record$ 9 ! pres5t *a9 ( title mu/ be giv52 ! dates ( am5dm5t are only ! la/ am5dm5t made4 #d4 ,! location ( ! claims by section1 t[n%ip & range 7/at+ t x is unsurvey$ if bas$ on protract$ survey l9es71 c\nty & /ate mu/ be giv54 ,if n )9 a national =e/1 8,none0 %\ld be us$ 9 ! blank provid$4 #e;a4 ,to support ! application1 furni% two copies ( ! location notice 7or la/ am5d$ location ) ! orig9al location & recordation date %[n !reon74 ,"o copy mu/ be c]tifi$ by ! cu/odian ( ! records :]e m9+ claims are locally record$ 7usually ! ,c\nty ,cl]k & ,record]74 #e;b4 ,! claim mu/ be monum5t$ on ! gr\nd s t ! m9]al surveyor c id5tify x4 #f4 ,9 accordance ) ! in/ructions1 a deposit 9 ! prop] am\nt mu/ be made to cov] ! co/s ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t 9 process+ ! survey4 #g4 ,! m9]al surveyor designat$ mu/ be "o ) :om prior arrangem5ts h be5 made = ! survey4 ,! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t may reque/ pro(1 9 ! =m ( a simple lett] f ! m9]al surveyor1 t he has agre$ to make ! survey4 ,! application %\ld !n be dat$ & sign$ by ! applicant7s71 if a corporation by ! au?oriz$ (fic]1 or by ! ,attorney-9-fact if by an ag5t act+ = ! applicant4 ,pro( ( au?oriz$ signature w n be requir$ by ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t at ?is "t1 b w be requir$ at ! "t application = pat5t is made4 ,sev]al claims1 g5]ally limit$ to #ej 9 numb]1 may be embrac$ 9 a s+le survey provid$ !y are contigu\s1 i4e41 n m]ely corn]+2 !y mu/ adjo9 ) common b\nd>ies or ov]lap4 ,limit+ ! numb] ( claims to be embrac$ 9 a s+le survey is arbitr>y1 b set at approximately #ej 9 ord] to facilitate process+4 ,two gr\ps ( claims may be embrac$ 9 a s+le survey if !y bo? adjo9 a gr\p previ\sly survey$ = pat5t & are own$ 9 common4 ,occasions h aris5 :]e ! gr\p ( claims lies 9 two /ates4 ,applications = survey %\ld be made 9 ea* /ate = ! claims or portions !re( :i* lie 9 t /ate4 ,a survey numb] w be assign$ 9 ea* /ate = ! portion ly+ )9 ea* /ate1 b ! survey w be assign$ = process+ to ! ,/ate :]e ! majority ( ! claims lie4 7,see ,surs4 ,nos4 #ajfca ,montana1 #cafh ,idaho47 #d-e ,records ,se>*3 ,prior to apply+ = ! m9]al survey1 ! claimant or 8 ag5t %\ld make a se>* ( ! c\nty records to det]m9e if ! claims are 9 conflict ) o!r m9+ claim locations4 ,if s1 copies ( ! location c]tificates %\ld be obta9$ = ! m9]al surveyor4 ,if ! claims are prior valid locations & ! claimant wi%es to exclude !m f 8 pat5t application1 ! m9]al surveyor w be requir$ to %[ ! conflict z x exi/s on ! gr\nd4 ,if x is n ! desire to exclude su* claims1 no m5tion ( !m w be made 9 ! field notes ( ! m9]al survey1 b ! m9]al surveyor w be aw>e ( !m :5 he goes on ! gr\nd4 ,! claimant %\ld also make a se>* ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t records1 p>ticul>ly ! ,ma/] ,title ,plats 7,m4,t4 ,plats7 to det]m9e conflict ) prior pat5ts & )drawals4 ,connect+ %eets1 if available1 :i* %[ 9 outl9e all approv$ m9]al surveys1 %\ld also be exam9$ = conflicts ) prior m9]al surveys4 ,! ,,blm record ( unsurvey$ locations %\ld also be se>*$4 ,! claimant %\ld make c]ta9 t 8 discov]y po9t is on vacant public doma91 :i* includes m9]als res]v$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates :]e ! pat5t is = ! surface only4 ,if two or m claims are involv$1 ea* mu/ h its own discov]y & bo? discov]ies may n be 9 an area ( conflict betwe5 two claims4 ,! l5g? & wid? ( ea* lode claim mu/ be *eck$ to make c]ta9 t /atutory l5g? ( #aejj feet has n be5 exce$$ & t ! "r angle di/ance ( no m ?an #cjj feet exi/s on ea* side ( ! presum$ c\rse ( ! ve9 7lode l9e74 ,! acreage ( all claims & ! l5g? ( plac]s mu/ be *eck$ = excess4 ,if excesses appe> to exi/ ! m9]al surveyor %\ld be advis$ ( !m & direct$ to survey ! claim )9 ! b\nd>ies giv5 s z to elim9ate su* excess4 ,:ile metes & b\nds descriptions ( lode claims are n m&atory1 ! description mu/ be su* t ! locus ( ! claim c be det]m9$4 ,:ile a tie to a section is pref]able1 a tie to ano!r m9]al survey1 m9]al location monum5t1 or triangulation /ation ( ! ,national ,geodetic ,survey or ,u4,s4 ,geological ,survey is acceptable provid$ !y c be id5tifi$ ) ! public l& survey4 ,ties to b5* m>ks are n acceptable4 ,irregul> claims1 su* z plac] claims or mill sites1 mu/ h a metes & b\nds description clos+ )9 #j4ej feet 9 #a1jjj feet4 ,! acreage ( lode claims _c exce$ #bj4ffa acres4 ,plac]s may n exce$ #bj acres to ea* claimant1 exclusive ( conflict1 & mill sites may n exce$ #e acres1 exclusive ( conflict4 ,"o ( ! location c]tificate copies mu/ be c]tifi$ by ! cu/odian ( ! local records1 usually ! ,c\nty ,cl]k & ,record]4 ,if any ( ! above items are n 9 ord]1 x w be necess>y to require ! claimant to file an am5d$ location c]tificate t w prop]ly describe ! claim4 ,if ! error 9 ! c]tificate is small1 or !re is an obvi\s cl]ical error1 su* z call+ = a be>+ ( ,n4----,w4 :5 x %\ld be ,n4----,e4 x w suffice to /ate 9 ! f9al field notes t ! location c]tificate is 9 error4 ,to aid 9 det]m9+ ! locus & relative position ( sev]al claims1 ! claimant may be call$ ^u to furni% a diagram4 ,if ! c]tificate is m>g9al 9 detail1 x is prop] to sugge/ to ! m9]al surveyor t an am5d$ location c]tificate be fil$ & an am5d$ ord] = survey obta9$ be=e complet+ 8 survey4 ,x is also prop] to set a "t limit = ! completion ( ! survey & fil+ returns4 ,aft] receipt ( ! survey ord]1 ! ,m9]al ,surveyor %\ld obta9 copies ( necess>y survey records1 includ+ ,,mt ,plat1 ! notes ( t[n%ip surveys1 conflict+ m9]al surveys1 includ+ ! reports z to ! condition ( corn]s & survey discrepancies conta9$ "u o!r corn] descriptions & supplem5tal data1 ,home/ead ,entry ,surveys & ,ex*ange ,surveys on ,=e/ ,s]vice l&s1 ,small ,claims1 ,homesites1 ,trade & ,manufactur+ ,sites1 ,rights-(-,way & ,t[nsites4 ,he %\ld also consult ! ,/ate & ,c\nty records = re/or$ section corn]s & subdivision ( sections4 ,a visit ) ! ,c\nty ,surveyor w (t5 prove pr(itable4 #d-f ,ord] = ,survey3 ,! ord] = survey is issu$ by ! ,/ate ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t or he may delegate ?is action to ! ,*ief1 ,bran* ( ,cada/ral ,surveys4 ,! ord] = survey is issu$ on curr5t ,=m #chfj-f1 7see app5dix7 or may be 9 lett] =m4 ,! in=mation giv5 is ess5tially ! same z conta9$ 9 ! application = survey4 ,! names ( ! locations mu/ be exactly z giv5 9 ! location c]tificates4 ,! next consecutive survey numb] is assign$2 a numb] f a cancell$ survey or survey ord] %\ld n be us$4 ,lodes & plac]s may be includ$ 9 ! same survey4 ,if a mill site is includ$1 x is designat$ by add+ ! lett] 8,b0 to ! survey numb]2 ! o!r claims be+ designat$ 8,a40 ,a copy ( ! location c]tificates %\ld be furni%$ to ! m9]al surveyor1 & a copy ( ! ord] to ! claimant2 also to ! ,regional ,=e/] if ! claims are )9 a ,national ,=e/1 or ! ,national ,p>k ,s]vice if )9 a ,national ,p>k or ,monum5t4 #d-g ,am5d$ 7or ,supplem5tal7 ,ord] = ,survey3 ,an am5d$ ord] is bas$ on an am5d$ application f ! claimant4 ,x is usually occasion$ by ! fil+ ( am5d$ location c]tificates4 ,! am5d$ application is process$ exactly ! same z ! orig9al application4 ,an am5d$ ord] is also call$ = if !re is an addition or deletion ( claims f ! survey4 ,a *ange 9 m9]al surveyor w call = an am5d$ ord]1 b ! ord] to ! orig9al m9]al surveyor mu/ be cancell$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,,section ,,corn] ,illu/ration3 ,,national ,,geodetic ,,survey ,,triangulation ,,/ation ,if ! claimant sells ! claims1 an am5d$ ord] w be requir$ to %[ ! new claimant4 ,an am5d$ ord] may be us$ to au?orize ! survey ( additional exp5ditures if ! survey 0 approv$ )\t #ejj ( exp5ditures be+ made4 7,see ,sec4 #e-ba7 #d-h ,cancellation ( ! ,survey ,ord]3 ,! mo/ common reason = cancell+ a survey ord] is failure ( ! m9]al surveyor to complete ! survey & file 8 returns4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 bo? ! claimant & ! m9]al surveyor %\ld be advis$ #cj days 9 advance ( ! action & be reque/$ to %[ :y ! ord] %\ld n be cancell$4 ,if any reasonable explanation is giv51 ! "t %\ld be ext5d$4 ,lack+ reasonable explanation ! ord] w be cancell$1 notify+ bo? ! claimant & ! m9]al surveyor1 & any excess deposit is return$ to ! claimant4 ,o!r reasons = cancell+ a survey are a reque/ to d s by ! claimant1 or if ! claim has be5 decl>$ null & void due to a conte/ br\ght by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! m9]al survey numb] ( a cancell$ survey w n be us$ aga91 unless reop5$ z an am5d$ survey & w\ld !n be %[n ) an 8,am40 foll[+ ! m9]al survey numb]4 ,,*apt] ,v ,! ,pat5t ,survey ,field ,"w #e-a ,prelim9>y3 ,! fir/ /ep 9 ! field "w %\ld be an exam9ation ( ! prop]ty ) ! claimant or 8 repres5tative1 unless su* an exam9ation 0 made prior to contract+ = ! survey4 ,a suffici5t numb] ( claim corn]s %\ld be visit$ to det]m9e ! mat]ial us$1 _! condition1 mann] ( m>k+1 etc4 ,9 ! c\rse ( su* an exam9ation1 ! claimant %\ld po9t out kn[n section corn]s1 location monum5ts & triangulation /ations1 bo? ( ! ,u4,s4 ,geological ,survey & ! ,national ,geodetic ,survey4 ,! claimant may also be able to id5tify corn]s ( adjo9+ & conflict+ surveys & locations4 ,if ! prop]ty is ext5sive1 ! claimant may h e/abli%$ 8 own triangulation network & coord9ate sy/em1 & if s1 x %\ld be incorporat$ into ! survey1 al?\gh n necess>ily made a "p ( ! (ficial record4 ,all ! discov]y work+s %\ld be visit$1 ! discov]y po9ts & discov]y monum5ts po9t$ out4 ,o!r work+s %\ld be visit$ & ! safety ( old und]gr\nd work+s discuss$4 ,maps ( und]gr\nd work+s may be available4 ,work+s con/ruct$ by ?ird p>ties %\ld also be id5tifi$4 ,relations ) l&[n]s & o!r claimants 9 ! area may be e/abli%$ ) ! help ( ! claimant4 ,9 addition to ga9+ access to ! prop]ty & to _! prop]ty = ! purpose ( execut+ ! survey1 !y may h helpful in=mation z to ! location ( section corn]s & ! orig9 ( f5ces4 ,if access is refus$1 x may be necess>y to obta9 help f ! ,u4,s4 ,m>%all1 b if prop]ly h&l$ 9 advance ( ! field "w1 ! necess>y p]mission w usually be grant$4 ,! fact may be /ress$ t y are a gov]nm5t (ficial & t y\r "w w be imp>tial4 ,emphasize t z a qualifi$ surveyor1 y are b\nd to protect all valid int]e/s1 prop]ty rights1 & evid5ce4 ,copies ( ! claimant's maps ( ! prop]ty %[+ ! claim b\nd>ies1 discov]y & o!r work+s & access roads %\ld be obta9$ f ! claimant4 ,! claimant may also h a]ial photos :i* w be helpful 9 plann+ ! survey4 ,descriptions ( all triangulation /ations %\ld be obta9$4 ,! plat & field note record ( all prior m9]al surveys 9 conflict or adjo9+1 z well z a copy ( ! connect$ %eet %\ld be ord]$1 if n previ\sly furni%$ ) ! survey ord]4 ,! c\nty records p]ta9+ to surveys & p>ticul>ly ! re/oration ( section corn]s %\ld be se>*$4 ,! c\nty surveyor may be helpful4 ,if ! field exam9ation reveals t !re are insuffici5t location corn]s on ! gr\nd to id5tify ! claims1 an am5d$ location survey ) ! result+ am5d$ location c]tificates & reque/ = an am5d$ ord] = survey w be necess>y4 #e-b ,survey ,me?ods3 ,! prelim9>y field exam9ation w sugge/ ! be/ me?od ( survey4 ,?is w be dictat$ l>gely by ! nature ( ! t]ra9 & ! am\nt ( timb] & bru%4 ,mod]n me?ods employ+ !odolites & electronic di/ance measur+ equipm5t %\ld be us$4 ,reg>dless ( ! me?od us$1 ! "w mu/ be suffici5tly *eck$ to assure t errors w be avoid$4 ,mo/ errors occur :5 adju/+ corn]s to _! f9al position4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,execut+ ,a ,,m9]al ,,pat5t ,,survey 7,transit & ,tape ,me?od7 #e-c ,execut+ ! ,survey3 ,! survey is usually initiat$ by retrac+ ! b\nd>ies ( ! location1 or ty+-9 ! corn]s1 along ) ! discov]y monum5ts & discov]y po9ts4 ,readily id5tifi$ corn]s ( conflict+ surveys & section corn]s %\ld also be ti$ 94 ,! relative positions ( ! corn]s & discov]y po9ts are !n det]m9$ by calculat$ be>+s & di/ances4 ,if ! b\nd>ies are )9 ! /atutory l5g? & wid? 7#aejj x #fjj ft471 ! end l9es are p>allel & ! sidel9es are )9 #cjj feet on ei!r side ( ! discov]y po9t1 ! survey may proce$4 ,if only small corn] moves ( a foot or s w make ! claim con=m1 an am5dm5t is h>dly necess>y2 o!rwise1 ! corn]s %\ld be mov$ & am5d$ location c]tificates fil$4 ,a s+le claim may be survey$ )9 ! location b\nd>ies1 )\t am5dm5t1 z long z ! above conditions are met4 ,new discov]ies may be necess>y1 b if int]v5+ rights are suspect$1 x is bett] to hold to ! orig9al discov]y po9ts & /ake fractional claims z requir$4 ,if ! deposit is a blanket ve9 or massive deposit1 ! discov]y may be any:]e )9 ! claim1 except 9 ,wyom+ :]e ,/ate law requires t ! side l9es be equidi/ant f ! discov]y4 ,if no public l& survey corn]s or location monum5ts 7or o!r horizontal control /ations7 c be f\nd )9 two miles ( ! survey x w be necess>y to e/abli% a location monum5t4 ,! requirem5ts are giv5 9 ,sections #aj-cb1 #cc & #cd ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions4 ,!re 0 a p]iod :5 ^! monum5ts 7 call$ 8,m9]al ,monum5ts0 & 7 designat$ 8,u4,s4,m4,m40 ,conflicts ) prior m9]al surveys mu/ be det]m9$4 ,x is necess>y to se>* = ea* corn] controll+ a l9e 9 conflict4 ,"o corn] is insuffici5t if o!rs c be f\nd4 ,if ! necess>y corn]s _c be f\nd ! b\nd>ies %all be ree/abli%$ 7n remonum5t$ s9ce ! prop]ty belongs to ano!r p>ty7 9 accordance ) ! me?ods set =? 9 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,conflicts ) unsurvey$ locations are n to be %[n unless x is ! wi% ( ! claimant to exclude !m f 8 pat5t4 ,if !y are prior locations1 x may be well to d ?is 9 ord] to avoid an adv]se suit4 ,conflicts ) unsurvey$ locations own$ by ! claimant & n a "p ( ! survey ne$ n be %[n & exclud$ unless ! area ( conflict conta9s ! discov]y ( ! unsurvey$ location4 ,9 cases :]e two claims ( ! survey are 9 conflict1 ! discov]y ( ea* claim may n be )9 ! area ( conflict4 ,if s1 an am5d$ location is necess>y to %[ a new discov]y = "o ( ! claims1 outside ! area ( conflict4 ,if fee l&s ) m9]al rights are 9 conflict1 a subdivision ( ! section7s7 may be necess>y4 ,?is w dep5d on ! wi%es ( ! claimant & ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,an ext5sive resurvey t w\ld place a h>d%ip on ! claimant %\ld n be requir$4 ,if a subdivision c readily be accompli%$1 x %\ld be done4 ,x is n necess>y to fix ! b\nd>ies ( /ock-rais+ home/eads s9ce ! m9]als are res]v$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates & belong to ! m9+ claim 9 areas ( conflict4 ,special surveys su* z t[nsites1 ,home/ead ,entry ,surveys1 ,u4,s4 ,surveys & ,coal ,surveys 9 ,alaska are treat$ z are prior m9]al surveys4 ,rights-(-way %\ld n be %[n z ! m9]als are res]v$1 & :5 ! "r-(-way is ab&on$1 ! surface rev]ts to ! m9+ claim4 ,9 ,alaska1 native graves mu/ be ti$-94 ,cemet]ies %\ld be %[n4 ,figure #e %[s ,sur4 ,nos4 #abcd ,a lode & #abce ,b lode 9 conflict ) ! ,,xyz lode t is be+ survey$ = pat5t4 ,cors4 ,nos4 #a & #d ( ,sur4 ,no4 #abcd ,a lode control ! l9e ( conflict ) t claim4 ,if !y c be f\nd1 no fur!r se>* is necess>y2 if !y _c1 ! se>* mu/ be cont9u$ = ,cors4 ,nos4 #b & #c4 ,9 ! case ( ,sur4 ,no4 #abce1 all f\r corn]s are requir$ to be f\nd 9 ord] to prop]ly %[ ! conflict4 ,figure #f %[s ! ,,abc & ,,xyz lodes1 bo? ( :i* are be+ survey$ = pat5t "u ! same survey ord]4 ,! discov]y %afts ( bo? claims are 9 ! area ( conflict4 ,9 ord] to validate ! claims1 a new discov]y mu/ be %[n = "o ( !m1 outside ! conflict4 ,x ne$ n be ! lat] claim z ! own] has ! "r to decide :i* claim %all exclude ! conflict4 ,if am5d$ location c]tificates are fil$ = record1 x w be necess>y to make an am5d$ application = survey to ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t bas$ on ! am5d$ c]tificates1 & receive an am5d$ ord] = survey4 ,x w n be necess>y to susp5d field "w p5d+ su* am5dm5t1 b x is advisable to refra9 f m>k+ ! corn]s & accessories ) ! survey numb] until ! am5d$ ord] is receiv$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,m9]al ,,pat5t ,,survey ,,corn]s ,top3 a copp] coat$ /eel p9 ) brass cap4 ,! location monum5t is set alongside4 ,bottom3 a /one corn] *isel$ ) ! corn] numb]1 ! initial ( ! claim & ! survey numb]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f #e-d ,monum5t+ ! ,survey3 ,section #aj-ce ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions1 #aigc li/s corn] monum5ts 9 _! ord] ( pref]5ce4 ,accessories to ! corn] g5]ally consi/ ( be>+ trees or be>+ rocks4 ,if trees are available1 two diff]5t species at approximately "r angles f ea* o!r to ! corn] %\ld1 if possible1 be select$ & m>k$ diff]5tly s t ea* c be readily id5tifi$4 ,= example3 "o might be a ,d\glas ,fir1 #aj in*es diamet]1 be>s ,n4 #aj ,e41 #bj4fe feet di/41 blaz$ & scrib$ #a ,w--#bhbf ,x ,,bt2 ! o!r a ,pond]osa ,p9e1 #g in*es diamet]1 be>s ,s4 #gj ,e41 #ab4eb feet di/41 blaz$ & m>k$ ,x ,,bt4 ,9 ea* case ! measurem5t %\ld be tak5 to ! ,x :i* is 9 contra/ to ! be>+ trees to section corn]s1 ! measurem5t be+ tak5 to ! c5t] ( ! trees4 ,if ! measurem5t is to ! c5t] ( ! tree1 an ,x %\ld n be includ$ 9 ! m>k+s4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 a p9e1 spruce & fir c be id5tifi$ by ! ne$les1 ! p9e hav+ ne$les 9 bundles1 ! spruce hav+ ne$les squ>e 9 cross section1 & ! fir hav+ flat ne$les4 ,be>+ rocks %\ld be m>k$ ,x ,b ,o or ,x ,b ,r ) ! measurem5t tak5 to ! ,x2 ! rock or outcrop be+ ( suffici5t size to be readily id5tifiable4 ,ties along claim b\nd>ies to items ( planimetry & dra9age surr\nd+ ! corn] may be tak5 at ?is "t4 ,ties to section corn]s1 location monum5ts & triangulation /ations may also be made at ?is "t if !y are close to a corn]4 ,!re is no objection to monum5t+ corn]s t fall on pat5t$ l&4 ,if !y fall 9 a cultivat$ field !y %\ld be buri$ at lea/ "o foot 9 ! gr\nd4 ,if ! l&[n] objects1 a witness corn] may be set4 ,witness corn]s %\ld also be set if ! corn] falls at an inaccessible po9t 7see ,section #d-ag ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions74 ,if ! corn] falls 9 a road1 x is advisable to bury ! corn] at ! true po9t & set ref]5ce monum5ts at equal di/ances on ei!r side ( ! road 7see ,section #d-af ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions74 ,location po/s1 su* z a #dd po/ 9 good condition1 may be set alongside ! pat5t survey corn]s z a gu>d po/ & to aid 9 call+ att5tion to x4 ,9 select+ corn] numb]s1 !re is no rule o!r ?an ,cor4 ,no4 #a %\ld be ! corn] f :i* ! tie is giv5 to ! section corn] or location monum5t4 ,:5 survey+ a block ( claims common corn]s %\ld be giv5 ! same numb] !reby r$uc+ ! numb] ( section corn] ties requir$ f ,cor4 ,no4 #a4 ,?is facilitates field note writ+ z well z platt+4 #e-e ,improvem5ts3 ,all improvem5ts made by ! claimant or 8 grantors are to be ti$ to a corn] ( ! survey1 measur$1 & a value plac$ !reon if !y are su* z to c\nt t[>d ! #ejj pat5t exp5diture4 ,if !y are to c\nt z pat5t exp5diture1 !y mu/ be 9 ! nature ( actual m9+ improvem5ts1 su* z cuts1 tunnels1 %afts1 drill holes1 etc42 9 o!r words1 an improvem5t t t5ds to develop or explore ! m9]al deposit4 ,improvem5ts su* z cab9s1 ore b9s1 roads1 bridges1 etc41 d n develop ! claim1 b %\ld be ti$ 91 measur$ & includ$ "u 8,,o!r ,,improvem5ts0 9 ! field notes1 )\t a value4 ,"w done by ?ird p>ties mu/ also be ti$-9 & li/$ "u 8,,o!r ,,improvem5ts40 ,if ! claimant to su* "w is unkn[n1 t fact %\ld be /at$4 ,aga91 no value is to be plac$ on ^! improvem5ts4 ,! value to be plac$ on small improvem5ts c readily be asc]ta9$ by multiply+ ! local wage or co/ ( equipm5t & op]ator by ! l5g? ( "t requir$ to d ! "w4 ,drill holes may be valu$ at ! co/ ( drill+1 plus ! co/ ( survey+1 geologic evaluation & assay+4 ,l>g] improvem5ts may n be z easy to e/imate1 & x may be necess>y to g to ! claimant's co/ records 9 ord] to place a reasonable value on !m4 ,common improvem5ts require special consid]ation4 ,see ,sections #aj-ee1 #aj-ef1 & #aj-eg ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions4 ,a common improvem5t is "o t t5ds to b5efit sev]al claims ( a common gr\p4 ,x mu/ h be5 con/ruct$ 9 its entirety subsequ5t to ! location ( ea* claim ( ! gr\p1 or at lea/ #ejj mu/ h be5 sp5t on ! improvem5t subsequ5t to ! location ( ea* claim ( ! common gr\p4 ,all claims )9 range ( b5efit mu/ be includ$1 ev5 ?\gh !y 7 previ\sly survey$1 or if !y are locations :i* are n includ$ 9 ! survey4 ,! field notes mu/ recite all ! claims involv$1 :e!r previ\sly survey$ or unsurvey$4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,op5 ,,pit ,,m9es ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,access ,,road ,,9 ,,rugg$ ,,area4 ,,su* ,,roads ,,d ,,n ,,z ,a ,,rule ,,c\nt ,,t[>d ,,pat5t ,,exp5diture4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,adit 7,,tunnel7 ,,lead+ ,,to ,,ext5sive ,,und]gr\nd ,,work+s ,improvem5ts ne$ n be survey$ ) ! same accuracy z ! claim b\nd>ies4 ,/adia measurem5ts are acceptable1 al?\gh !y %\ld be made ) a ,philadelphia ,rod & di/ances kept "u #ejj feet4 ,small work+s may be measur$ ) a ,brunton ,compass & /eel tape1 b "s po9t ( ! work+1 su* z ! m\? ( a tunnel or cut1 mu/ be ti$ to a corn] ( ! survey us+ a transit4 ,surveys ( ext5sive und]gr\nd work+s may be tak5 f ! claimant's records if su* surveys 7 execut$ "u ! sup]vision ( a m9+ eng9e]4 ,extreme c>e %\ld be ex]cis$ 9 ent]+ old work+s4 ,9 addition to unsafe timb]+1 !y may be poorly v5tilat$ result+ 9 bad air t c\ld be fatal4 ,r ?an risk an accid5t1 ! ext5t ( su* work+s c be e/imat$ f ! size ( ! dump4 ,ties to discov]y work+s require special m5tion 9 view ( ! directive f ! ,assi/ant ,director ( ,te*nical ,s]vices1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 dat$ ,m>* #ae1 #aigh4 ,normally ! discov]y work+ is on ! lode or int]sects x & a tie is giv5 along ! lode l9e to ! po9t ( discov]y1 su* z ! face ( ! discov]y cut1 ! m\? ( ! discov]y tunnel1 ! c5t] ( ! discov]y %aft1 etc4 ,h[ev]1 9 ! case ( blanket ve9s t are ess5tially horizontal a presum$ lode l9e or c5t] l9e ne$ n be %[n1 & ! discov]y work+ may be any:]e on ! claim4 ,9 su* cases1 ! tie may be giv5 f ! ne>e/ corn] ( ! survey & includ$ 9 ! description ( t corn]1 or a "r angle tie may be giv5 f a po9t on ! ne>e/ end l9e4 ,:]e a discov]y has be5 made by a hole drill$ on an angle1 a be>+ & di/ance w be giv5 f ! coll> ( ! drill hole to ! po9t :]e x int]sects ! orebody1 ! coll> ( ! hole w 9 turn be ti$ to ! section corn] or location monum5t4 ,! description ( ! hole w necess>ily include ! v]ticle angle & ! slope di/ance4 ,?is does n apply to ,wyom+ :]e ,/ate law requires t ! discov]y be on ! c5t] l9e4 #e-f ,plac] ,claims3 ,plac] claims t d n con=m to ! legal subdivisions ( ! public l& survey w require a pat5t survey4 ,:5 su* claims are on unsurvey$ l& !y %\ld be con=m$ z ne>ly z possible to ! protract$ survey4 ,if ! claims consi/ ( a gul* plac] !y mu/ be conta9$ )9 ! requir$ numb] ( #dj acre tracts accord+ to ! numb] ( locators4 ,metes & b\nds plac]s are also p]missible :]e conflicts ) o!r m9+ claims w\ld result if a description by legal subdivisions 0 us$4 ,9 su* cases1 ! plac] claim mu/ be survey$ ar\nd exi/+ claims1 s t no conflict exi/s4 ,! field notes ( a plac] claim mu/ also conta9 a descriptive report z call$ = 9 ! ,code ( ,f$]al ,regulations1 #chfc4a-c7;c74 ,! in=mation requir$ 9 ! descriptive report 0 omitt$ f ! #aigc ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions b 0 conta9$ 9 ! #aidg manual z foll[s3 8,! m9]al surveyor is requir$ to make a full exam9ation ( all plac] claims at ! "t ( survey 444 & to file ) 8 field notes a descriptive report 444 duly corroborat$ by "o or m dis9t]e/$ p]sons & cov]+ ! foll[+ items3 7a7 ,! quality & composition ( ! soil1 ! k9d & am\nt ( timb] & o!r vegetation2 7b7 ,! location & size ( /reams1 & su* o!r matt] z may appe> ^u ! surface ( ! claims2 7c7 ,! "*1 ext5t1 & position ( all surface & und]gr\nd work+s = m9+ purposes2 7d7 ,! proximity ( c5t]s ( trade or resid5ce2 7e7 ,! proximity ( well-kn[n sy/ems ( lode deposits or ( individual lodes2 7f7 ,! use or adaptability ( ! claim = plac] m9+1 includ+ ! availability ( wat] 9 suffici5t quantity = practical op]ations2 7g7 ,works or exp5ditures made by ! claimant or 8 grantors = ! developm5t ( ! claim2 &1 7h7 ,! true position ( all kn[n m9es1 salt licks & salt spr+s1 & mill sites4 ,:5 none is kn[n to exi/ on ! claim1 ! fact w be s /at$40 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,uranium ,,mill ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,uranium ,,tail+s ,,or ,,evaporation ,,pond #e-g ,mill ,sites3 ,mod]n day m9+ & mill+ require sizable areas = wa/e /orage1 tail+s & evaporation ponds4 ,camp sites1 includ+ s*ools1 may be requir$ = p]sonnel employ$ at ! m9e or mill4 ,su* areas are prop]ly tak5 z mill sites & a l>ge numb] may be requir$4 ,!y may be tak5 by legal subdivisions b (t5 are survey$1 ei!r ) lode or plac] claims or sep>ately4 ,if !y are includ$ 9 a survey ) lodes or plac]s ! survey numb] includes ! lett] 8,b01 :ile ! o!r claims are designat$ 8,a04 ,a mill site is n a valid location until x is put 9 use2 !re=e1 all improvem5ts & project$ improvem5ts %\ld be %[n4 ,if ! gr\nd is to be us$ = a tail+s or evaporation pond1 ! dam %\ld be %[n ) its ultimate height & ! high wat] l9e ( ! pond del9eat$ by ! survey4 ,x is also important to demon/rate ! non-m9]al "* ( ! l&4 ,9 ! case ( adjo9+ blanket deposits su* z uranium1 a few scatt]$ drill holes w %[ ! abs5ce ( a m9]al deposit4 ,(fice ,"w #e-h ,calculation3 ,! fir/ /ep w be to r$uce coord9ate positions to direct ties1 />t+ ) ! section corn] ties1 foll[$ by %ort ties betwe5 claims ( ! survey %\ld ^! claims actually ov]lap4 ,9 select+ ! corn]s to tie1 ! tie betwe5 corn]s %\ld be giv5 t w facilitate ! calculation ( int]sections & areas by solv+ triangles4 ,z illu/rat$ by ,figure #f1 claims ,,abc & ,,xyz are 9 ! same survey4 ,a tie %\ld be giv5 f ,cor4 ,no4 #a ( claim ,,abc to ,cor4 ,no4 #b ( claim ,,xyz2 n betwe5 ,corn]s #a & #c4 ,aft] ^! ties h be5 calculat$1 !y %\ld be *eck$ by calculat+ closures us+ ! v>i\s %ort ties & section corn] ties4 ,9 select+ corn]s ( conflict+ surveys to give tie to1 ! corn] )9 ! survey z illu/rat$ 9 ,figure #e %\ld be select$4 ,! tie to ,sur4 ,no4 #abce ,b lode %\ld be to ,cor4 ,no4 #a f ,cor4 ,no4 #a ( ! ,,xyz lode1 or to ,cor4 ,no4 #b f ,cor4 ,no4 #d4 ,l9es ( prior m9]al surveys betwe5 recov]$ corn]s %\ld be report$ z correct or sub/antially correct z approv$4 ,if f\nd 9 error ! correct be>+ & di/ance %\ld be giv54 ,9 ,figure #e1 if ,cors4 ,nos4 #a1 #b & #d ( ,sur4 ,no4 #abce ,b lode 7 recov]$1 l9es #a-b & #d-a %\ld be report$4 ,l9es #b-c & #c-d _c be report$ s9ce ,cor4 ,no4 #c 0 n f\nd4 ,if ! tie f ,cor4 ,no4 #a is to ! same section corn] z us$ 9 ! survey ( claim ,,xyz1 !n ! correctness ( ! tie %\ld be report$4 ,if ,cor4 ,no4 #a 0 n recov]$1 ! section corn] tie _c be report$4 ,! position ( miss+ corn]s %\ld be fix$ 9 accordance ) ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,! rema9+ l9es c !n be report$ z fix$ by ! select$ me?od ( re/oration4 ,int]sections & areas ( conflict %\ld !n be calculat$ by solv+ triangles4 ,areas may be calculat$ us+ d\ble m]idian di/ances1 b int]sections %\ld nev] be calculat$ by =c+ a closure4 ,int]sections may be *eck$ by closure4 ,a special situation exi/s :]e a =m] survey exclud$ an unsurvey$ location f ! pat5t & ! unsurvey$ location has subsequ5tly be5 ab&on$4 ,?is area is designat$ z a tract & its b\nd>ies are det]m9$ f ! prior survey4 ,see ,tract ,a ( ! ,jim ,d&y ,lode describ$ 9 ! specim5 field notes & plat ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions4 ,ano!r use ( a tract is = ! purpose ( exclud+ a small area surr\nd+ ! discov]y ( ano!r location n embrac$ 9 ! survey4 ,int]sections & areas ( conflict ) pat5t$ l&s conta9+ m9]al rights mu/ also be calculat$4 ,support+ calculation %eets ne$ n be furni%$ ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t b comput] tapes1 if available1 w be helpful4 ,! ,,blm c p]=m ! necess>y *ecks by comput]4 #e-i ,prelim9>y ,plat3 ,! m9]al surveyor w f9d x advantage\s to prep>e prelim9>y plats prior to writ+ ! field notes4 ,"o plat %\ld provide ! base & give all ! details ( ! survey ) items ( topography & culture second>y4 ,?is plat may be prep>$ 9 p5cil or ink at ! option ( ! m9]al surveyor4 ,x %\ld be su* t legible blue l9es copies c be furni%$ to ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t along ) ! notes1 & to ! claimant4 ,x %\ld cle>ly /ate t x is a ,,prelim9>y ,,plat ,,subject ,,to ,,correction4 ,"s (fices ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t may reque/ a reproducible copy4 ,plats on l95 are no long] requir$4 ,a second>y plat %[+ ! topography & culture 9 detail w be an aid 9 writ+ field notes1 b is n requir$ by ! ,,blm4 ,if drill holes are "p ( ! improvem5ts & are too num]\s to %[ on ! base plat1 a sep>ate plat is advisable4 #e-aj ,field ,notes3 ,a detail$ set ( specim5 field notes is conta9$ 9 ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions :i* %\ld be foll[$ = =m & cont5t4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "s inconsi/5cies3 ,! title page %[n 9 ! manual %\ld n be us$4 ,use curr5t ,=m #cdjj-aa1 z suppli$ by ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,! locations %\ld be li/$ 9 ! same ord] t !y are describ$ 9 ! field notes1 !reby s]v+ z an index4 ,! field notes beg9 ) a description ( in/rum5ts & ! mean results ( ! sol> or o!r azimu?al obs]vations4 ,! latitude & longitude ( ! obs]v+ /ation is giv54 ,if ?is is n at a corn] ( ! survey1 ! latitude & longitude ( ! fir/ corn] describ$ %\ld be giv51 ?us3 ,at ,cor4 ,no4 #a ( ! ,jim ,d&y lode1 id5tical ) ,cor4 ,no4 #a ( ! ,pr9ce ,lode ( ?is survey1 9 latitude #chde ,n1 & longitude #ajfbj ,w4 ,a description ( ! measur+ devices foll[s ! obs]vation = azimu?4 ,if an electronic di/ance measur+ device is us$1 ! "n & s]ial numb] %\ld be giv54 ,x %\ld also be /at$ t x 0 te/$ by measur+ a kn[n di/ance be=e & aft] ! survey1 & f\nd correct4 ,corn] m>k+s z %[n are acceptable = /one monum5ts or wood po/s4 ,:5 a monum5t ) a cap is us$1 ! foll[+ m>ks w\ld be m suitable3 ,illu/ration ,! ,x has be5 omitt$ f ! inscription on be>+ trees :i* is incorrect1 unless ! measurem5t 0 tak5 to ! c5t] ( ! tree4 ,x %\ld be includ$1 ?us3 ,,jd-#a-bjbbj;,a ,,xbt or ,,jd-#a-,,pri-#a-bjbbj;,a ,,xbt if ! full complem5t ( m>ks are %[n4 ,:5 giv+ int]sections only ! di/ance to ! l9e be+ int]sect$ is giv5 = claims ( ! survey z ! di/ance to ! corn] on ! l9e be+ int]sect$ w be giv5 lat] 9 ! notes :5 t claim is describ$4 ,:5 ! int]section is ) a prior m9]al survey or unsurvey$ location1 ! di/ance %\ld be giv5 to a corn] )9 ! claim1 or ! same corn] ea* "t ! l9e is int]sect$4 ,see ! int]section ( l9es #b-c & #c-d ( ! ,protector lode ) ,sur4 ,no4 #bjajj ,silv] lode4 ,note t int]sections are giv5 to ! ne>e/ hundr$? ( a foot1 :ile di/ances to items ( topography & culture are to ! ne>e/ foot4 ,di/ances giv5 9 ties includ+ be>+ objects %\ld be to ! hundr$? ( a foot4 ,! area /atem5t %\ld %[ all conflicts & be s arrang$ t any exclusion may be made & ! net area to be pat5t$ readily obta9able4 ,?is c be/ be done by />t+ ) ! olde/ survey & progress+ ?r\gh ! v>i\s conflicts1 b ?is may n hold true if a prior survey has n be5 pat5t$4 ,a copy ( ! prelim9>y plat may be us$ to color ! exclusions & make c]ta9 t all h be5 prop]ly /at$4 ,"u ! head+ 8,,location0 x is important to /ate t ! survey is id5tical ) ! location z m>k$ on ! gr\nd or to /ate ! diff]5ces4 ,:5 describ+ corn]s1 ties %\ld be giv5 to location monum5ts :5 !y are n id5tical4 ,see ! ,pr9ce ,lode 9 ! specim5 notes4 ,only ^? improvem5ts c\nt+ t[>d ! #ejj exp5diture are to be giv5 "u ! head+ 8,,improvem5ts40 ,9 su* case1 ! discov]y work+ %\ld be numb]$ "o4 ,if !re is no discov]y work+1 b a discov]y po9t is call$ =1 x may be describ$ & label$ ,no4 #a4 ,any improvem5ts t d n c\nt t[>d ! pat5t exp5diture or ^? t h be5 made by o!rs %\ld be li/$ "u 8,,o!r ,,improvem5ts40 8,,o!r ,,corn] ,,descriptions ,,& ,,supplem5tal ,,data0 is a v important "p ( ! notes s9ce x conta9s ! report on prior surveys4 ,d n report ano!r m9]al surveyor 9 error = m9or discrepancies 9 be>+s & di/ances4 ,! phrase1 8sub/antially correct z approv$0 may be us$1 or 8approximately correct z approv$40 ,"u 8,,memor&um0 diff]5ces ) ! calls giv5 9 ! location c]tificate may be expla9$1 z well z typographical errors 9 ! c]tificate4 ,because ( corrections t may be requir$ by ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t x is well to prep>e a prelim9>y draft ( ! notes = submitt+ to ! ,,blm4 ,! f9al typ+1 9 triplicate1 c be accompli%$ aft] all diff]5ces h be5 resolv$4 #e-aa ,! field notes & prelim9>y plat %\ld be s5t to ! ,/ate ,(fice ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t by ei!r c]tifi$ or regi/]$ mail ) a return receipt reque/$4 ,a copy ( ! prelim9>y plat may also be s5t to ! claimant ) a copy ( ! lett] ( transmittal to ! ,,blm4 ,z a rule1 ! returns ( m9]al survey %\ld rema9 confid5tial until ! survey is approv$4 ,! m9]al surveyor %\ld ma9ta9 ?is confid5ce4 ,if a dem& is made ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t "u ! ,fre$om ( ,in=mation ,act1 !n ! prelim9>y nature ( ! "w %\ld be cle>ly /at$ to ! recipi5t4 ,process+ ! ,survey #e-ab ,prelim9>y ,exam9ation ( ,field ,notes3 ,! exam9ation ( ! survey may beg9 by read+ ! notes & comp>+ !m ) ! prelim9>y plat4 ,z a g5]al rule ! m9]al surveyor w write ! notes f ! plat4 ,if inconsi/5cies appe>1 !y w usually be typographical errors 9 ! notes4 ,h[ev]1 ?is mu/ be v]ifi$ by ! m9]al surveyor4 ,p>ticul> att5tion %\ld be giv5 to ! =mat z %[n by ! specim5 notes ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions1 #aigc4 ,corn] descriptions mu/ be prop] & adequate4 ,ties %\ld agree ) ! prelim9>y plat4 ,discov]y po9ts mu/ be on public doma94 ,by po/+ ! m9]al survey to ! connect+ %eet or simil> plat ) a p5cil1 conflicts & o!r surveys )9 #ajj feet may be det]m9$4 ,! names ( ! locations mu/ agree ) ^? giv5 9 ! location c]tificates4 ,end l9es mu/ be p>allel & ! /atutory l5g? & wid? _c be exce$$4 ,improvem5ts %\ld be fairly valu$2 ! discov]y po9t %\ld agree ) t giv5 9 ! location c]tificate2 common improvem5ts %\ld be correctly describ$ & all claims b5efit+ !refrom %\ld %>e equally4 ,! geographic position ( "o corn] ( ! survey mu/ be giv54 ,"u 8,,location0 ! correct section1 t[n%ip & range %\ld be giv54 ,x %\ld be /at$ t ! survey is id5tical ) ! location z m>k$ on ! gr\nd4 ,if n id5tical1 x %\ld be s /at$1 & ties to location monum5ts mu/ be giv54 ,! section corn] tie may n exce$ two miles f ! ne>e/ corn] ( ! survey4 ,int]sections ) ! lode l9es & di/ances along ! lode l9e to ! discov]y po9t mu/ be giv54 7,exception3 b$d$ deposits47 ,! be>+ ( ! lode l9e1 if diff]5t f ! side l9es1 mu/ be %[n on ! plat4 ,reports on =m] surveys %\ld be *eck$ aga9/ ! notes ( ^! surveys4 ,! be>+s & di/ances ( l9es ( =m] surveys t are :olly )9 ! survey or a claim ( ! survey mu/ be giv54 ,! area /atem5t %\ld be review$ to make c]ta9 t conflicts are giv5 9 *ronological ord] & t any exclusion or comb9ation ( exclusions c be asc]ta9$4 ,! magnetic decl9ation mu/ be giv54 ,! beg9n+ & completion dates ( ! survey mu/ be giv54 ,! survey _c beg9 prior to ! date ( ord]4 #e-ac ,calculations3 ,calculations may beg9 by comput+ ! sol> obs]vation2 ! decl9ation %\ld be v]ifi$1 also ! latitude & longitude4 ,! survey %\ld close4 ,lode claims %\ld h a p]fect closure2 irregul> claims su* z plac]s %\ld close )9 #j4e feet 9 #a1jjj feet4 ,! /atutory l5g? & wid? ( lode claims may n be exce$$4 ,! wid? at "r angles to ! lode _c exce$ #cjj feet on ei!r side4 ,! section corn] ties )9 ! survey may be *eck$ by closure1 us+ %ort ties betwe5 claims ( ! survey2 ea* section tie & %ort tie %\ld be us$ 9 at lea/ "o closure4 ,! closures %\ld n exce$ #j4e feet 9 #a1jjj feet4 7,x may be necess>y to report ! long] section ties to an ev5 numb] ( seconds su* z #ae47 ,! section corn] ties %\ld be *eck$ aga9/ ^? giv5 9 conflict+ surveys us+ ! %ort ties giv5 to ^! claims along ) ! report$ b\nd>ies4 ,su* closures1 dep5d+ on ! l5g? ( ! ties1 %\ld n exce$ #aj feet4 ,if !y d exce$ ?is di/ance1 ! correct tie %\ld be giv5 "u 8,,o!r ,,corn] ,,descriptions ,,& ,,supplem5tal ,,data0 provid$ t ! corn] f :i* ! tie 0 made 0 recov]$4 ,if ! corn] 0 n f\nd1 ! error _c be report$4 ,! same applies to %ort ties betwe5 conflict+ surveys1 b ! all[able error %\ld be )9 ! #a3bjjj limit4 ,if m ?an "o section corn] is ti$1 ! be>+ & di/ance along ! section l9e %\ld be *eck$1 report+ any appreciable diff]5ce "u 8,,o!r ,,corn] ,,descriptions ,,& ,,supplem5tal ,,data40 ,! be>+s & di/ances ( int]sections ) l9es ( prior surveys %\ld be correctly /at$4 ,?is may be v]ifi$ by closure1 b if a closure ( #a3bjjj is n obta9$1 x w be necess>y to calculate ! int]sections by solv+ triangles1 to det]m9e :]e ! error lies4 ,su* int]sections %\ld *eck ) #j4b feet4 ,f ! int]sections obta9$1 ! areas ( conflict %\ld next be calculat$4 ,if ! f9al plat is drawn at a scale ( #a #bjj1 conflicts ) a conflict1 i4e4 d\ble conflicts1 may be *eck$ by divid+ ! area ( conflict into triangles & scal+ ! base & altitude4 ,! m9]al surveyor1 h[ev]1 mu/ actually calculate ^! areas4 ,all areas %\ld *eck )9 #j4jb acres4 #e-ad ,platt+ ,proc$ures3 ,! l9es ( ! survey are %[n heavi] ?an ^? ( =m] surveys s t ! locations ( ! survey w /& out4 ,all corn]s recov]$ or set are %[n ) a circle to di/+ui% !m f corn]s n f\nd4 ,! lode l9e is %[n z a brok5 l9e & if p>allel to ! side l9es1 only ! di/ance ea* way f ! discov]y po9t is %[n2 if n p>allel1 !n ! be>+ mu/ also be %[n4 ,! be>+s & total di/ances ( ! l9es ( ! survey are %[n heavi] ?an ^? ( conflict+ surveys & int]sections along su* l9es4 ,! names ( ! locations ( ! survey %all be %[n 9 v]tical capital lett]s & be l>g] & heavi] ?an ^? ( conflict+ surveys1 :i* %all be %[n 9 upp] & l[] case4 ,di/ances to int]sections along ! l9e ( survey %\ld be %[n be=e ! int]section4 ,int]sections ) l9es ( prior surveys are giv5 pref]5ce ov] topographic items4 ,:]e space w n p]mit ! %[+ ( a di/ance1 x may be plac$ above a prior di/ance1 ) ! fir/ di/ance %[n next to ! l9e4 ,be>+s ( conflict+ surveys are usually %[n 9 ! direction ( ! l9e betwe5 corn]s z survey$2 i4e41 f corn] #a to corn] #b1 etc4 ,be>+s & di/ances 9 all cases %\ld be %[n along ! l9e !y p]ta9 to4 ,be>+s ( ties %\ld be %[n 9 ! direction f ! corn] f :i* ! tie 0 made4 ,ties w be %[n ) light brok5 l9es4 ,if !re is n room to place ! be>+ & di/ance next to ! l9e1 x may be plac$ on an arr[4 ,all be>+s & di/ances %all be 9 slant lett]+4 ,witness corn]s are %[n ) a circle & label$ ,w4,c4 ,cor4 ,no4----1 provid$ !y are on a l9e ( ! survey4 ,if n on l9e !y are %[n ) a tie4 ,survey$ section l9es & survey$ subdivision ( section l9es are %[n by solid l9es2 unsurvey$ l9es are %[n ) a brok5 l9e4 ,designation ( subdivisions1 ,t[n%ip & ,range %\ld be v]tical lett]s4 ,! discov]y work+s & all o!r improvem5ts are label$2 !y may be numb]$ to agree ) ! field notes4 ,x is n necess>y to give a tie to ! improvem5ts1 except a common improvem5t tunnel1 %aft1 etc4 ,! title block %[n on ! specim5 plat 9 ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions %\ld be closely foll[$4 ,:ile ! plat scale is usually #bjj feet to an in*1 x may be small] to accommodate sev]al claims1 provid$ ! necess>y data c be %[n4 ,:]e m ?an "o %eet is necess>y1 only ! f9al %eet ne$ h a title block4 ,all %eets %\ld c>ry ! survey numb] & /ate t x is %eet ,no4 ---- ( ---- %eets4 ,:5 ! plat is f9i%$ x %\ld be comp>$ ) ! field notes4 ,?is c be done by two p1 "o read+ ! notes & ! o!r foll[+ ! plat2 or two p c indep5d5tly d ! comp>+4 ,if r\gh draft notes 7 submitt$ by ! m9]al surveyor1 !y %\ld be return$ to him ) ! corrections = f9al typ+1 & execution ( ! 8,c]tificate ( ,surveyor10 curr5t ,=m #chfj-g4 ,! f9al typ+ w consi/ ( ! orig9al set on curr5t ,=m #iahj-ba1 :i* is b\nd on ! left1 ) two c>bon copies on curr5t ,=m #iahj-bb1 :i* is b\nd at ! top2 ?is may v>y ) /ate (fice practice4 7,x]ox or simil> copies are n acceptable47 #e-ae ,approval ( ,survey3 ,! l[] portion ( curr5t ,=m #chfj-g1 8,c]tificate ( ,surveyor10 conta9s ! c]tificate ( approval to be sign$ by an (fic] ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,?is may be ! ,/ate ,director or he may delegate ?is au?ority to ! ,*ief1 ,division or ,bran* ( ,cada/ral ,surveys1 = t /ate4 ,he %\ld also sign ! c]tificate ( transcript = ! two c>bon copies4 ,curr5t ,=m #chfj-h1 c]tify+ #ejj exp5diture1 mu/ also be execut$ by ! above au?oriz$ (fic] & atta*$ to ! copy ( ! field notes t w be fil$ ) ! application = pat5t4 ,if #ejj has n be5 exp5d$1 x is ! claimant's responsibility to complete ! "w & h ! c]tificate execut$ & fil$ ) ! ,,blm ,bran* ( ,l& & ,m9]als 7l& (fice7 prior to ! expiration ( ! p]iod ( publication4 ,if ! survey has be5 prop]ly execut$ & %[s ! facts1 ! ,/ate ,director _c refuse to approve ! survey because he feels t ! claim is invalid4 7,see #eg ,i4,d4 #fc1 ,raymond ,e4 ,johnson1 #aici47 ,! orig9al field notes & plat are !n plac$ 9 ! op5 files ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t4 ,! location c]tificates are to be includ$ ) ! notes4 ,! two transcripts ( ! field notes toge!r ) two clo? back$ copies1 "o ( :i* has be5 wat]pro($ = po/+1 & a pla9 pap] copy ( ! plat1 w !n be furni%$ ! claimant4 ,an additional copy = po/+ w be furni%$ if a mill site is includ$ 9 ! survey4 ,"o set ( ! notes & "o copy ( ! plat w be us$ to support ! application = pat5t4 ,curr5t ,=m #chfj-d1 is us$ to notify ! ,/ate ,bran* ( ,l& & ,m9]als & ! ,director1 ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t1 ( ! approval ( ! survey & includes a sket* ( ! survey4 ,?is =m is also us$ to notify ! ,regional ,=e/] if ! survey is on a ,national ,=e/4 ,! m9]al surveyor %\ld be notifi$ by lett] ( ! approval ( ! survey & he %\ld be furni%$ a pap] copy ( ! plat & reque/$ to exam9e x at 8 e>ly conv5i5ce4 7,see app5dix = copies ( =ms47 ,dep>tures f ! ,normal ,proc$ure #e-af ,cancellation ( ,surveys3 ,a pat5t$ m9]al survey may nev] be cancell$4 ,an unpat5t$ m9]al survey may be cancell$ only aft] ! claim has be5 decl>$ null & void or rel9qui%$ by ! claimant2 !n x ne$ n be cancell$ until x is necess>y to d s to accommodate an entry or adm9i/rative action4 ,x c be cancell$ only by ! (fic] ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t au?oriz$ to approve m9]al surveys4 ,9 ! pa/1 claims c\ld be decl>$ null & void only aft] a successful conte/ _h be5 br\ght aga9/ ! claim4 ,aft] ,octob] #ba1 #aigi1 claims mu/ be record$ ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t )9 #ij days ( ! location date or !y w automatically be deem$ to h be5 ab&on$ & void4 ,! proc$ure is z foll[s3 ,:5 ! ,*ief1 ,bran* ( ,cada/ral ,surveys ( ! ,/ate ,(fice is notifi$ t a claim has be5 decl>$ null & void1 a notation to t effect %\ld be made on ! plat ( survey 7or if ! plat is 9 ! ar*ives1 x may be made on ! c>d index74 ,no fur!r action is necess>y at ?is "t2 ! survey is n cancell$4 ,cancellation becomes necess>y if an entry or adm9i/rative action1 includ+ a survey or resurvey1 involves ! l& embrac$ 9 ! m9]al survey4 ,curr5t ,=m #chfj-d1 ,approval ( ,m9]al ,survey1 may be us$ to cancel ! survey & to notify ! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t & any o!r int]e/$ p>ties sub/itut+ ! ^w 8cancell$0 or 8cancellation0 = approval or x may be by memor&um4 ,%\ld a supplem5tal plat be requir$ to lot ! area embrac$ 9 ! survey1 a c]tifi$ set ( ! field notes ( ! survey & ! m9]al survey plat %\ld accompany ! plat to ,wa%+ton1 z !y d n h ! field notes ( unpat5t$ m9]al surveys4 ,! field notes ( ! cancell$ survey becomes ! basis = ! new lot designation4 ,! ,director's memor&a ( ,july #ad1 #aieh & ,novemb] #ag1 #aifj1 cov] ! subject4 #e-ag ,unapprov$ ,survey3 ,occasionally an ord] = survey w be cancell$ & x is n kn[n h[ f> ! m9]al surveyor has proce$$ ) ! field "w & :at corn]s h be5 set & m>k$4 ,9 no case %\ld ! corn]s be remov$ z !y /ill s]ve z corn]s ( ! location :i* may be p]fectly valid4 ,! survey numb] %\ld n be re-us$ inasmu* z x w s]ve to id5tify ! corn]s on ! gr\nd4 #e-ah ,additional ,notes & ,c]tificate on ,plat3 ,9 ! pa/1 additional notes 7 sometimes prep>$ f ! exi/+ record along ) am5dm5t to ! plat 9 r$ ink & accompany+ c]tificate :5 !re 0 an omission ( a conflict ) an agricultural or o!r pat5t1 a p5d+ entry or an adv]se claim4 ,= example3 ,a survey 0 approv$ )\t %[+ ! conflict ) a legal subdivision t _h be5 includ$ 9 a preemption home/ead4 ,! subdivision 0 protract$ on ! m9]al survey plat f ! t[n%ip survey1 bas$ on ! section corn] tie giv5 9 ! m9]al survey1 int]sections giv5 ) ! b\nd>ies ( ! subdivision1 & an area ( conflict calculat$4 ,all plats 7 recall$ = ! am5dm5t4 ,! additional notes 7 writt51 9 triplicate1 by ! cada/ral surveyor1 to %[ only ! l9es ( ! m9]al survey involv$ 9 ! conflict1 giv+ ! int]sections4 ,! area /atem5t 0 rewritt5 to ! ext5t necess>y to %[ ! area ( conflict4 ,! same proc$ure 0 foll[$ if an adv]se claim 0 to be exclud$ on ! basis ( ! description 9 its location c]tificate4 ,r$ ink 0 us$ on ! plats to di/+ui% ! am5dm5t1 b black ink 0 us$ if ! c]tificate specifically /at$ ! ext5t ( ! am5dm5t4 ,mo/ (fices n[ resolve ! above situations solely ?r\gh a memor&um process4 #e-ai ,am5d$ ,surveys & ,am5d$ ,plats3 ,?is is occasion$ by an error 9 ! orig9al survey t is n discov]$ until aft] ! survey is approv$1 or = ! same reasons li/$ 9 #e-ah above1 :]e ! am5dm5t _c be made f ! exi/+ record & additional field "w is requir$4 ,! claimant may also reque/ an am5d$ survey4 ,! claimant be>s ! co/4 ,example3 ,9 ,survey ,no4 #aibjb;,a-,am4 ,colorado1 ! wrong claim 0 includ$ 9 ! survey4 ,! correct claim 0 includ$ 9 ! am5d$ survey :i* cov]$ ! same gr\nd4 #e-bj ,a new survey is requir$ if ! claim b\nd>ies are *ang$ by am5dm5t aft] ! orig9al survey is approv$4 ,section #aj-fb1 page #bbf ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions /ates3 8,an am5d$ survey mu/ be made 9 /rict con=mity )1 or be embrac$ )9 ! l9es ( ! orig9al survey40 ,a new survey is also requir$ :]e ! claim has be5 ab&on$ & relocat$ by ano!r4 #e-ba ,exp5diture ( #ejj ,aft] ! ,survey is ,approv$3 ,supplem5tal notes bas$ on a supplem5tal ord] = survey1 ei!r to ! orig9al m9]al surveyor or ano!r m9]al surveyor1 mu/ be submitt$ & atta*$ to ! orig9al field notes4 ,! supplem5tal notes mu/ conta9 a full description ( all improvem5ts4 ,if ! additional exp5diture applies only to "o claim ( a gr\p1 only ! exp5ditures ( t claim ne$ to be recit$4 ,curr5t ,=m #chfj-h1 ,c]tificate ( ,exp5ditures1 mu/ be execut$ & atta*$ to ! claimant's copy ( ! notes = fil+ ) ! pat5t application4 #e-bb ,if pat5t is appli$ = long aft] ! survey 0 approv$1 a /atem5t f ! ,*ief1 ,bran* ( ,cada/ral ,survey1 w be requir$ by ! ,bran* ( ,l& & ,m9]als to ! effect t ! plat correctly %[s all conflicts1 or li/+ ! lat] surveys ) :i* a conflict exi/s4 ,if lat] surveys did n exclude ! survey 9 "q1 ! plat w be return$ by ! ,bran* ( ,l& & ,m9]als = am5dm5t1 & am5d$ notes w h to be writt54 ,if ! applicant is n ! same z ! claimant %[n at ! "t ( ! survey1 he is entitl$ to use ! survey provid$ he c %[ a *a9 ( title4 ,if he does n h ! necess>y plats & notes1 ! ,bran* ( ,cada/ral ,survey w supply him ) ! necess>y copies4 ,! claimant be>s all co/s4 #e-bc ,occasions h aris5 :]e a claim or survey exclud$ f ! pat5t is lat] ab&on$4 ,a supplem5tal application = pat5t may be made = ! exclud$ gr\nd4 ,! proc$ure to be foll[$ is ! same z giv5 9 #e-bb above4 ,copies ( ! plats1 includ+ ^? = po/+ & ! notes mu/ be furni%$ ! applicant4 #e-bd ,pat5t ,appli$ = 9 ,two ,p>ts3 ,:5 only a "p ( ! claims ( a survey are appli$ = & pat5t$1 & lat] application = pat5t is made = ! rema9+ claims1 a copy ( ! plat1 or if ! plat is 9 m ?an "o %eet1 ! %eets %[+ ! claim1 mu/ be po/$1 & a copy1 toge!r ) a transcript ( t portion ( ! field notes p]ta9+ to ! claims1 fil$ ) ! ,bran* ( ,l&s & ,m9]als at ! "t ! supplem5tal application = pat5t is made4 ,if n all %eets ( ! plat are us$1 be sure t ! ones us$ %[ all ties & p]t95t in=mation4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,resurveys #f-a ,re/oration ( ,lo/ ,corn]s3 ,!re is no h>d & fa/ rule = e/abli%+ miss+ corn]s ( m9+ claims4 ,! me?od %\ld be select$ t w give ! be/ results1 be>+ 9 m9d t end l9es %\ld rema9 sub/antially p>allel4 ,ord9>ily1 ! m9]al surveyor %\ld n remonum5t a re/or$ corn]2 at lea/1 x %\ld n be done )\t ! full k & approval ( ! own]4 ,a cada/ral surveyor may remonum5t a corn] if x is necess>y to del9eate ! b\nd>y betwe5 public & private l&4 ,z ) all lo/ corn]s1 ! corn] ( a m9]al survey %\ld be ree/abli%$ f ! be/ available evid5ce & 9 su* a configuration t w place ! l9es z ne>ly z possible to _! orig9al position4 ,! ties to be>+ trees & objects %\ld be us$ fir/4 ,9 fact1 if su* accessories are pres5t ! corn] is n lo/4 ,second 9 ord] ( pref]5ce is ! use ( %ort ties to or f adjo9+ surveys4 ,a ^w ( caution 9 us+ o!r m9]al survey ties3 ,9 ,colorado1 & presumably 9 o!r /ates1 !re 0 a p]iod :]e ! %ort ties to conflict+ surveys 7 calculat$ ?r\gh ! section corn] tie4 ,su* calculat$ ties %\ld n be us$4 ,?is p]iod is n exactly kn[n1 b x ran approximately f #ahih to ,april #bh1 #aijd4 ,if a report ( o!r surveys 0 conta9$ 9 ! field notes1 ! ties 7 n calculat$4 ,at ! end ( ?is p]iod1 x c be det]m9$ if calculations 7 us$4 ,x is n s easy to di/+ui% betwe5 ! me?ods ( survey at ! beg9n+ ( ! p]iod s9ce x 0 n cu/om>y to report on o!r surveys4 ,9 any ev5t1 ! %ort tie %\ld n be us$ unless ! corn] ti$ to 7or f7 is recov]$4 ,if no corn]s c be f\nd1 ! section corn] tie may be us$1 b x is ! tie ( la/ resort4 ,9 su* cases1 all l9es are %[n z approv$4 ,9 ,figure #g1 sev]al conditions are illu/rat$4 ,9 situation ,a1 only "o corn] is recov]$1 no o!r corn]s or accessories c be f\nd nor are !re any %ort ties available4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( fur!r collat]al evid5ce1 ! ?ree miss+ corn]s mu/ be ree/abli%$ at record be>+s & di/ances f ! recov]$ ,corn] ,no4 #a4 ,9 situation ,b1 ,corn]s ,nos4 #a & #b c be recov]$4 ,l9es #d-a & #b-c %\ld be %[n at ! record di/ance1 reg>dless ( ! l5g? ( l9e #a-b4 ,! be>+s ( l9es #d-a & #b-c may be ! record be>+ or at ! same v>iation f ! record z l9e #a-b4 ,if ?is 0 a rectangul> claim1 !n ! be>+ ( ! miss+ l9es probably %\ld be at "r angles to l9e #a-b1 unless ?is w\ld give a di/ort$ relation%ip betwe5 ! claim & ! work+s on x1 p>ticul>ly ! discov]y4 ,l9e #c-d %\ld be %[n p>allel & ( equal l5g? to l9e #a-b4 ,9 situation ,c1 ,corn]s ,nos4 #a & #d are recov]$4 ,l9e #b-c %\ld be %[n p>allel & ( equal l5g? to l9e #d-a1 if ! record 0 su*4 ,l9es #a-b & #c-d %\ld be %[n at ! record di/ance1 & at ! record be>+ or ) ! same v>iance f\nd = l9e #d-a4 ,9 situation ,d two corn]s are aga9 recov]$1 b !y are opposite corn]s1 ,nos4 #a & #c4 ,miss+ ,corn] ,nos4 #b & #d c be re/or$ by us+ ! ,grant ,b\nd>y me?od4 ,see ,section #e-dd ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions4 ,!y c also be %[n at ! record be>+ & di/ance f ,cors4 ,nos4 #a & #c1 us+ ei!r ! end l9es or side l9es1 ) ! result+ miss+ l9es be+ ! be>+ & di/ance requir$ to close4 ,! me?od select$ %\ld re/ore ! l9es 9 ! be/ relative position to ! work+s4 ,9 situation ,e1 ?ree corn]s1 #a1 #b & #d1 are recov]$4 ,l9e #b-c is %[n p>allel & ( equal l5g? to l9e #d-a4 ,l9e #c-d is %[n p>allel & ( equal l5g? to ,l9e #a-b4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g ,9 re/or+ corn]s ( irregul> claims1 su* z metes & b\nds plac]s1 ! brok5 b\nd>y 7non-rip>ian7 or ! ,grant ,b\nd>y me?od %\ld be us$4 ,x may also be appli$ to lode claims if ! above me?ods d n give adequate results4 ,9 ree/abli%+ corn]s ( a block ( claims1 ! rules ( proportionate measurem5t may be appli$4 ,9 ,figure #h1 miss+ ,corn] ,no4 #b ( claims ,e1 ,f1 ,g & ,h c be re/or$ by d\ble proportion4 ,miss+ ,corn] ,no4 #a ( claims ,a & ,b may also be re/or$ by d\ble proportion2 s9ce !re is no corn] beyond ?is corn]1 ! record di/ance f ,corn] ,no4 #b w\ld h to be us$ 9 ?is direction4 ,corn] ,no4 #a might also be e/abli%$ at ! record be>+ & di/ance f ,corn] ,no4 #b1 or l9es #a-b ( claims ,a & ,b c\ld be made p>allel & ( equal l5g? to l9e #c-d ( claim ,a4 ,s9ce miss+ ,corn] ,no4 #c ( claims ,b & ,d is on an end l9e1 s+le proportionate measurem5t might be consid]$4 ,see ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions = proportionate me?ods1 pp4 #acd-acf4 #f-b ,t[n%ip ,resurveys ) ,m9]al ,surveys3 ,prior to field "w1 all unpat5t$ m9]al surveys embrac+ claims t h be5 decl>$ null & void %\ld be cancell$1 leav+ only valid exi/+ claims & pat5ts to be segregat$4 ,re/oration ( miss+ corn]s %\ld only be made :]e !y are necess>y to control ! b\nd>ies betwe5 private & public l&1 includ+ ! b\nd>ies betwe5 public l& & unpat5t$ valid m9]al surveys4 ,segregation surveys ( unsurvey$ m9+ claims may be reque/$ to accommodate adm9i/rative actions4 ,if possible1 ! own]s ( ! m9+ claims %\ld be advis$ ( ! resurvey & giv5 an opportunity to express _! op9ions z to ! position ( miss+ corn]s4 #f-c ,m9]al ,segregation ,surveys3 ,sections #g-ci to #g-dd inclusive1 ( ! ,manual ( ,survey+ ,in/ructions adequately cov]s ?is subject4 ,segregation surveys are n und]tak5 unless !re is a ne$ = !m aris+ f adm9i/rative action involv+ ! adjo9+ l&4 ,v (t5 x w be necess>y to make ! survey )9 ! b\nd>ies z !y are m>k$ on ! gr\nd due to inaccuracies 9 ! location survey4 ,! e>ly t[n%ip surveys 9 ,cali=nia (t5 segregat$ unsurvey$ m9+ claims %[+ !m on ! t[n%ip plats )\t support+ field notes4 ,resurveys ( su* segregations may be requir$ bas$ on ! evid5ce f\nd 9 ! field4 #f-d ,supplem5tal ,plats3 ,:5 supplem5tal plats are requir$ segregat+ m9]al surveys1 all su* surveys mu/ be segregat$4 ,aga91 x is desirable t m9]al surveys embrac+ invalid claims be cancell$4 ,! ne$ to lot a cancell$ m9]al survey w also require a supplem5tal plat4 #f-e ,correct+ ,errors 9 ,pat5t$ ,m9]al ,surveys3 ,z a g5]al rule1 ! record ( a pat5t$ m9]al survey %\ld n be *ang$ or am5d$4 ,:5 su* errors are discov]$1 a p5cil notation on ! index c>d &_/or on ! field notes may be appropriate4 ,report$ errors g5]ally /& on _! own m]it & are conta9$ 9 ! field notes ( ! report+ survey4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h ,,gloss>y ,,( ,,m9+ ,,t]ms ,,adit3 a horizontal entry into a m9e ) "o op5+ to ! surface1 commonly & errone\sly call$ a tunnel4 7,a tunnel is op5 at bo? ends47 ,,alluvium3 unconsolidat$ s$im5t>y deposit1 e4g4 /ream b$ ( s& & gravel4 ,,anticl9e3 a convex fold 9 s$im5t>y b$s ( rock 7opposite3 syncl9e74 ,,apex3 top ( a ve9 or lode4 ,,assay3 a te/ to det]m9e ! quantity ( m9]al 9 a giv5 sample4 ,may be by a m9iature smelt+ process 9 ! laboratory1 call$ a fire assay2 or by use ( *emicals1 call$ a *emical or wet assay4 ,,back3 ! ro( ( a horizontal op5+ su* z an adit1 drift or crosscut4 ,,bonanza3 a ri* body ( ore4 ,,b$rock3 upp]mo/ lay] or segm5t 7portion7 ( rock 9 place4 ,,brea/3 ! end1 head+ or work+ face ( an adit1 drift or crosscut4 ,,*imney3 a v]tical ore body1 tubelike 9 %ape4 ,,*ute3 7ore7 *ute = transf]r+ brok5 rock 9 a m9e2 usually f a /ope to a haulage passage4 ,,cobb+3 h& sort+ ( ore4 ,,coll>3 top ( a %aft or w9ze2 ! timb]s or concrete at ! upp] end4 ,,color3 a p>ticle ( free gold4 ,,conc5trator3 a device = sep>at+ & conc5trat+ m9]al f rock by me*anical means4 ,,contact3 ! meet+ ( two geologic =mations4 ,,contact ,,ve93 a ve9 along ! contact4 ,,c\ntry ,,rock3 rock surr\nd+ a ve9 or lode1 ext5d+ ?r\gh\t ! area4 ,,cribb+3 a wall ( light timb]+ betwe5 heavy supports at ei!r v]tical or horizontal m9e work+4 ,,crosscut3 a horizontal op5+ su* z an adit driv5 across ! ve9 or ore body4 ,,cut3 an op5 work+ driv5 into a hillside to expose und]ly+ rock4 ,,dike3 a v]tical or ne> v]tical fissure fill$ ) volcanic rock4 ,,dip3 ! v]tical angle a ve9 or s$im5t>y b$ makes ) a horizontal plane4 ,,drift3 a horizontal op5+ 7su* z an adit7 driv5 along ! ve94 ,,face3 ! la/ work+ end ( an adit1 drift1 crosscut or cut 7same z brea/74 ,,fault3 ,a dislocation along a crack 9 ! e>?'s surface 7may be horizontal1 v]tical or a comb9ation ( bo?72 a failure along a l9e ( /ress2 usually associat$ ) e>?quakes1 b movem5t may be sl[4 ,,fissure3 a crack 9 ! e>?'s surface2 if fill$ ) ve9 mat]ial becomes a fissure ve94 ,,float3 a piece ( ore deta*$ f a ve9 or lode1 ly+ loose1 n 9 place4 ,,floor3 ! l[] surface ( a m9e work+1 i4e4 ! floor ( a drift4 ,,flume3 a device = convey+ wat]4 ,,foot ,,wall3 ! l[] side ( an incl9$ ve9 9 c\ntry rock4 ,,gangue3 ! matrix ( ! ore compos$ ( wor?less mat]ial4 ,,glory ,,hole3 a l>ge funnel-%ap$ excavation ext5d+ to ! surface1 ! mat]ial be+ drawn f ! bottom ?r\gh a tunnel4 ,,grizzly3 a grat+1 usually made up ( m9e rails1 ov] an ore b9 = ! purpose ( div]t+ l>ge rocks or b\ld]s4 ,,grub ,,/ake3 f9anc+ a prospector to %>e 9 8 f9d+s4 ,,hang+ ,,wall3 ! upp] wall ( an incl9$ or dipp+ ve94 ,,head+3 same z brea/ or face ( a work+4 ,,horse3 a mass ( c\ntry rock f\nd 9 an ore deposit4 ,,incl9e3 a slop+ %aft1 drift1 crosscut or tunnel4 ,,lead3 same z lode1 7pron\nc$ 8le$07 ,,l$ge3 same z lode4 ,,level3 "o ( a s]ies ( drifts or crosscuts1 "o above ! o!r1 9 a m9e4 ,,lode3 a m9]al deposit 9 place1 includ+ ve9s4 ,,lode ,,l9e3 presum$ c\rse ( ! ve9 or lode at ! surface4 ,,matrix3 ! wor?less mat]ial 9 an ore deposit surr\nd+ ! valuable m9]als4 ,,metallurgy3 ! art ( sep>at+ m9]als f ! gangue 9 ores2 also comb9+ metals to =m alloys4 ,,m9e3 an excavation = ! purpose ( extract+ m9]al4 ,,m9]al3 an inorganic sub/ance conta9$ 9 ! e>?4 ,,muck3 brok5 rock 9 a m9e4 ,,op5 ,,cut3 a drift or crosscut t does n ent] cov]4 ,,op5 ,,pit3 a l>ge excavation beg9n+ at ! surface4 ,,ore3 a m9]al deposit t c be m9$ at a pr(it2 includes ! m9]al itself & ! gangue4 ,,outcrop3 t portion ( a m9]al deposit appe>+ at ! surface4 ,,plac]3 a m9]al deposit ( unconsolidat$ p>ticles4 ,,qu>ry3 simil> to an op5 pit1 usually appli$ to build+ /one4 ,,raise3 a v]tical or incl9$ %aft driv5 upw>d f an und]gr\nd work+4 ,,reef3 ,au/ralian ^w = lode4 ,,ro(3 ! ceil+ ( a work+1 z ! back ( a drift4 ,,royalty3 a p]c5tage ( ! e>n+s or product paid an own]4 ,,%aft3 a v]tical or incl9$ op5+ sunk f ! surface to ga9 access or to explore an orebody4 ,,%ift3 a p]iod ( work+ "t4 ,,skip3 an ore bucket us$ to hoi/ ore & muck 9 a %aft4 ,,sluice3 a tr\gh ) riffles = sep>at+ plac] gold4 ,,smelt+3 ! r$uction ( metals f ! ore 9 a furnace4 ,,/ope3 usually a room :]e ! ore is m9$4 ,,/rike3 ! horizontal direction ( a ve94 ,,/ull3 a timb] 9 a m9e1 usually a po/4 ,,sump3 a l[ place 9 a m9e = collect+ wat]1 su* z ! bottom ( a %aft4 ,,tail+s3 ! wa/e rock f a m9e or mill4 ,,tunnel3 te*nically1 a horizontal passageway op5 at bo? ends1 b 9 m9+ us$ to designate any horizontal passageway driv5 = ! developm5t or discov]y ( an orebody4 ,,ve93 a fissure or crack 9 surr\nd+ rock fill$ ) m9]al4 ,,w9ze3 a v]tical or incl9e op5+ sunk f an und]gr\nd m9e work+2 an und]gr\nd %aft4 ,,app5dix ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #a ,=m #cdjj-f ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,=m ,,approv$ 7,octob] #aifh7 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior ,,budget ,,bureau ,,no4 #db-,r#acgc4a ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,date ,,application ,,= ,,survey ,,( ,,m9+ ,,claim ,,see ,,in/ructions ,,on ,,rev]se #a4 ,"n ( ,applicant ,address 7include zip code7 7fir/1 middle initial1 la/7 ,h]eby makes application = an (ficial m9]al survey ( ! m9+ claims nam$ & id5tifi$ 9 ?is application #b4 ,give gr\p "n 7if any7 #c4 ,,"n ,,( ,,claim7,s7 ,,date ,,"n ,,( ,,location ,,locat$ ,,record$ ,,am5d$ ,,am5d$ ,,record+ #d4 ,,location ,,( ,,claim7,s7 ,section ,t[n%ip ,range ,m]idian ,c\nty ,/ate ,national ,=e/ #e;a4 ,is ea* claim bas$ on a valid location & fully describ$ 9 ! c]tifi$ copy ( ! record ( ea* location c]tificate fil$ ) ?is application8 ,yes ,no b4 ,is ea* location di/9ctly m>k$ by monum5ts on ! gr\nd & c its b\nd>ies be trac$ readily8 ,yes ,no ,,app5dix #a ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #b ,=m #chfj-f ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,place 7,octob] #aigf7 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior 7=m]ly #cdjj-g7 ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,date ,,ord] ,,= ,,m9]al ,,survey ,to ,m9]al ,surveyor3 ,sir3 ,application has be5 fil$ 9 ?is ,(fice by 1 dat$ 1 #ai 4 = an (ficial survey ( ! m9+ claim consi/+ ( locations nam$1 locat$1 & record$ z foll[s3 ,gr\p "n1 if any ,,date ,,"n ,,( ,,location ,,am5d$ ,,locat$ ,,record$ ,,am5d$ ,,record+ ,m9+ ,di/rict ,c\nty ,/ate ,section ,t[n%ip ,range ,m]idian ,national ,=e/ ,! claim is fully describ$ 9 ! c]tifi$ copy ( ! location c]tificate fil$ by ! applicant = ! survey1 copy ( :i* is enclos$ h]e)4 ,y are h]eby direct$ to make ! survey ( said claim 9 /rict con=mity ) exi/+ laws1 (ficial regulations1 & in/ructions !reund]1 & make prop] return ( ! survey to ?is ,(fice4 ,?is survey w be designat$ z ,m9]al ,survey ,numb] ,v truly y\rs1 7,au?oriz$ ,signature7 7,title7 ,,app5dix #b ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #c ,no4 #cde4 ,,notice ,,( ,,lode ,,location4-- ,brad=d ,publi%+ ,co41 #ahbd-df ,/\t ,/reet1 ,d5v]1 ,colorado ,,/ate ,,( ,,ss4 ,,c\nty ,,( ,"k ,all ,m5 by ,^! ,pres5ts1 ,t 1 ! und]sign$1 ha ?is day (1 #ai1 locat$ & claim$1 & by ^! pres5ts d locate & claim by "r ( discov]y & location1 9 compliance ) ! ,m9+ ,acts ( ,congress1 approv$ ,may #aj1 #ahgb1 & all subsequ5t ,acts1 & ) local cu/oms1 laws & regulations1 l9e> feet & horizontal measurem5t on ! lode1 ve91 l$ge or deposit1 along ! ve9 !re(1 ) all its dips1 angles & v>iations z all[$ by law toge!r ) feet on ! side & feet on ! side ( ! middle ( said ve9 at ! surface1 s f> z c be det]m9$ f pres5t developm5ts2 & all ve9s1 lodes1 l$ges1 or deposits & surface gr\nd )9 ! l9es ( said claim feet runn+ f c5t] ( discov]y & feet runn+ f c5t] ( discov]y 1 said discov]y be+ situat$ ^u said lode1 ve91 l$ge or deposit1 & )9 ! l9es ( said claim 9 ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty ( & ,/ate ( ,discov]$ & locat$ 1 #ai ,,app5dix #c ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #d ,=m4 #cdjj-aa ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,m9]al ,survey numb] 7,septemb] #aifg7 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior 7=m]ly #d-fhc7 ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,/ate ,,field ,,notes ,l& ,di/rict ,( ! ,survey ( ! ,m9+ ,claim ( 7"n & address ( ,claimant7 ,kn[n z ! 7"n ( gr\p1 if any7 ,,consi/+ ,,( ,,locations ,,nam$ ,,& ,,locat$ ,,z ,,foll[s ,,"n ,,( ,,location ,,date ,,locat$ ,,am5d$ ,m9+ di/rict ,c\nty ,section ,t[n%ip ,range ,m]idian ,survey "u ord] dat$ ,survey comm5c$ ,survey complet$ ,"n ( ,m9]al ,surveyor ,,app5dix #d ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #e ,=m #chfj-g ,,unit$ ,,/ates 7,novemb] #aigf7 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior 7=m]ly #cdjj-h7 ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,surveyor ,"n ( ,m9]al ,surveyor ,date ,i ,,h]eby ,,c]tify ,t 9 pursuance ( an ord] receiv$ f ! 1 at dat$ 1#ai 1 ,i h c>efully execut$ ! survey ( ! claim ( kn[n z ! 7lode1 plac]1 or mill site7 situat$ 9 1 ,t[n%ip 1 ,range 1 ,m]idian1 9 ! ,/ate ( 4 ,?is survey1 designat$ z numb] 1 has be5 execut$ by me & "u my direction & has be5 made 9 /rict con=mity ) said ord]1 ! ,manual ( ,in/ructions = ! ,survey ( ,public ,l&s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & 9 specific mann] describ$ 9 ! =ego+ field notes4 ,i ,,fur!r ,,c]tify ,t ! labor exp5d$ & improvem5ts made ^u & = ! b5efit ( ! 7lode or plac]7 location7s7 embrac$ 9 ! said m9+ claim by claimant7s7 or grantors are fully /at$ 9 my report4 ,! "*1 ext5t1 location1 & itemiz$ value are specifi$ 9 full detail4 ,no portion (1 or int]e/ 91 said labor & improvem5ts s cr$it$ to ?is claim has be5 includ$ 9 ! e/imate ( exp5ditures ^u any o!r claim4 7,location7 7,signature ( ,m9]al ,surveyor7 ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,approval ,(fice ,location ,date ,! =ego+ field notes ( m9]al survey numb] 1 9 1 survey$ unsurvey$ ,t[n%ip 1 ,range 1 ,m]idian1 9 ! ,/ate ( 1 execut$ by 1 ,m9]al ,surveyor1 "u ord] dat$ 1 #ai 1 hav+ be5 critically exam9$ & ! necess>y corrections made prior to _! c]tification by ! surveyor1 ! field notes & ! survey !re9 describ$ are h]eby approv$4 7,au?oriz$ ,signature7 7,title7 ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,transcript ,i ,,h]eby ,,c]tify ,t ! =ego+ transcript ( field notes ( ! above-describ$ m9]al survey numb] is a true copy ( ! orig9al field notes4 7,au?oriz$ ,signature7 7,title7 ,title #ah1 ,u4,s4,c4 section #ajja1 makes x a crime = any p]son kn[+ly & willfully to make to any dep>tm5t or ag5cy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates any false1 fictiti\s1 or fraudul5t /atem5ts or repres5tations z to any matt] )9 its jurisdiction4 ,,app5dix #e ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #f ,=m #chfj-h ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,s]ial ,numb] 7,febru>y #aigg7 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,exp5ditures1 ,,improvem5ts1 ,date ,,& ,,m9]al ,,survey ,"n ( ,claimant ,m9]al ,survey ,numb] ,i ,,h]eby ,,c]tify ,t ! ,i ,,fur!r ,,c]tify ,t ! record ( ! above-describ$ record reveals n less ?an #ejj m9]al survey furni%es su* an wor? ( labor has be5 exp5d$ = accurate description ( all claims improvem5ts ^u or = ! b5efit embrac$ )9 ! survey t x ( ea* ( ! lode claims embrac$ w1 if incorporat$ into a pat5t1 )9 ! survey & t ! s]ve fully to id5tify ! premises improvem5ts 7 made by ! & t ref]5ces are made 9 ! claimant or 8 grantors4 survey to natural objects or p]man5t monum5ts s t ! location ( ! claims w be p]petuat$ & fix$4 ,date ,au?oriz$ ,signature 7,see rev]se7 ,,app5dix #f ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #g ,=m #cdjj-e ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,place 7,decemb] #aiff7 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,! ,,int]ior 7=m]ly #d-bhf;a7 ,,bureau ,,( ,,l& ,,managem5t ,date ,,in/ructions ,! ,director1 ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t1 & ! manag] ,,approval ,,( ,,m9]al ,,survey ( ! appropriate l& 7or l& & survey7 (fice mu/ be notifi$ ( ! approval ( ea* m9]al survey1 us+ ?is =m4 ,,sir3 ,! foll[+ describ$ m9]al survey 0 approv$ on 1 #ai 3 ,,survey ,,numb] ,,"n ,,( ,,claim ,,acres ,?is survey is actually 9 conflict ) ! foll[+ approv$ m9]al survey7s7 li/$ by "n & numb]1 z m>k$1 def9$1 & e/abli%$ on ! gr\nd ,applicant = survey 7"n & address7 ,survey made by 1 ,m9]al ,surveyor4 ,! foll[+ legal subdivisions are cov]$ 9 :ole or 9 "p by ?is survey1 if situat$ on survey$ l&s ,! survey is %[n on ! diagram bel[1 sket*$ z actually m>k$1 def9$1 & e/abli%$ on ! gr\nd ) respect to ! l9es ( ! public l& surveys2 data relat+ to c\rses & di/ances h be5 omitt$4 ,,note -- ,?is sket* w be made 9 ea* case :]e ^u survey$ l&1 :e!r or n !re are any conflict+ approv$ m9]al surveys4 ,conflict+ m9]al surveys1 h[ev]1 w n be %[n ^u ! sket*4 ,section 1 ,t[n%ip 1 ,range ,section 1 ,t[n%ip 1 ,range 7,title7 ,,app5dix #g ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #h ,no4 #afb4 ,,location ,,c]tificate--,lode ,claim4-- ,brad=d ,publi%+ ,co41 #ahbd-df ,/\t ,/reet1 ,d5v]1 ,colorado ,,"k ,,all ,,m5 ,,by ,,^! ,,pres5ts1 ,t ha locat$ ! lode m9+ claim1 & by ?is c]tificate1 & by "r ( discov]y & location1 claim feet1 l9e> & horizontal measurem5t along ! ve9 !re(1 ) all its dips1 angles & v>iations z all[$ by law feet on said ve9 runn+ f ! c5t] ( ! discov]y & feet runn+ f ! c5t] ( ! discov]y 1 toge!r ) feet on ea* side ( ! middle ( said ve9 at ! surface1 & all ve9s1 lodes1 l$ges1 deposits & surface gr\nd )9 ! l9es ( said claim1 situate 9 ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty ( 1 & ,/ate ( & describ$ by metes & b\nds z foll[s1 to wit3 ,beg9n+ at ,corn] ,no4 #a ,said lode 0 discov]$ on ! day ( 1 #ai & locat$ on ! day ( 1 #ai ,dat$ ?is day ( 1 #ai ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,app5dix #h ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #i ,no4 #aad4 ,,additional ,,& ,,am5d$ ,,location ,,c]tificate4 --,brad=d-,rob9son ,ptg4 ,co41 ,mfrs4 ,rob9son's ,legal ,blanks1 #ahbd-df ,/\t ,/41 ,d5v]1 ,colorado ,,/ate ,,( ,,colorado1 ,,ss4 ,,"k ,,all ,,m5 ,,by ,,^! ,,pres5ts1 ,c\nty ( ,t ! und]sign$1 ha ?is day ( 1 #ai am5d$1 locat$ & claim$ & by ^! pres5ts d am5d1 locate & claim1 by "r ( ! orig9al discov]y & ?is ,additional & ,am5d$ ,location ,c]tificate1 9 compliance ) ! ,m9+ ,acts ( ,congress1 approv$ ,may #aj1 #ahgb1 & all subsequ5t acts1 & ) ,sections #afi & #ahb1 ,*apt] #aaj1 #aice ,colorado ,/atutes ,annotat$1 & ) local cu/oms1 laws & regulations l9e> feet & horizontal measurem5t on ! lode1 ve91 l$ge or deposit1 along ! ve9 !re(1 ) all its dips1 angles & v>iations1 z all[$ by law1 toge!r ) feet on ! side1 & feet on ! side ( ! middle ( said ve9 at ! surface1 s f> z c be det]m9$ f pres5t developm5ts1 & all ve9s1 lodes1 l$ges or deposits & surface gr\nd )9 ! l9es ( said claim feet runn+ f c5t] ( discov]y & feet runn+ f c5t] ( discov]y said discov]y be+ situat$ ^u said lode1 ve91 l$ge or deposit1 & )91 ! l9es ( said claim1 9 ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty ( & ,/ate ( ,colorado1 describ$ by metes & b\nds z foll[s1 to-wit3 ,beg9n+ 9 ,corn] ,no4 #a ,?is be+ ! same lode orig9ally locat$ on ! day ( #ai1 & record$ on ! day ( #ai1 9 ,book ,page 9 ! (fice ( ! ,record] ( ,c\nty4 ,?is fur!r ,additional & ,am5d$ ,c]tificate ( ,location is made )\t waiv] ( any previ\sly acquir$ rights1 b = ! purpose ( correct+ any errors 9 ! orig9al location1 description or record1 & ( tak+ 9 & acquir+ all =feit$ or ab&on$ ov]lapp+ gr\nd1 & ( tak+ 9 any "p ( any ov]lapp+ claim :i* has be5 ab&on$1 & ( secur+ all ! b5efits ( said ,sections #afi & #ahb1 ,*apt] #aaj1 #aice ,colorado ,/atutes ,annotat$4 ,said lode 0 discov]$ ! ,,int]e/4 ,,seal day ( ,a4 ,d4 #ai ,,int]e/4 ,,seal ,,atte/3 ,,int]e/4 ,,seal ,,int]e/4 ,,seal ,date ( ,additional & ,am5d$ ,c]- ,,int]e/4 ,,seal tificate ,a4 ,d4 #ai ,,int]e/4 ,,seal ,,app5dix #i ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #aj ,,= ,,record]',s ,,use ,,only ,record$ at ! reque/ (3 ,,notice ,:5 record$ please mail to3 ,,( ,"n ,/reet ,,location ,city ,/ate ,,lode ,,to ,,:om ,,x ,,may ,,conc]n3 ,please take notice t3 #a4 ,! "n ( ?is claim is ! ,lode ,m9+ ,claim4 ,said claim is situat$ 9 ! vic9ity ( or 9 ! ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty ( ,san ,b]n>d9o1 ,/ate ( ,cali=nia4 ,! date ( ?is location is ! day ( 1 #ai #b4 ,! und]sign$ locators are citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or h decl>$ _! int5tion to become su*4 #c4 ,! said locator d h]eby locate & claim 7,n to exce$ #aejj7 l9e> feet ( ?is ve9 or lode1 toge!r ) surface gr\nd ext5d+ feet 9 wid? on ea* side ( ! middle ( said ve9 7,n to exce$ #cjj7 or lode & m p>ticul>ly describ$ z foll[s3 ,comm5c+ at ! monum5t :]e ?is notice is po/$1 :i* monum5t is at ! po9t ( discov]y on said ve9 or lode & on ! c5t] l9e ( ?is location h]eby claim feet ext5d+ 9 a 7,i or ,we7 direction along ! c\rse ( said ve9 f ! discov]y monum5t & feet 9 a direction f ! discov]y monum5t1 along ! c\rse ( said ve94 ,! g5]al c\rse ( said ve9 is 9 a erly & erly direction4 ,! discov]y monum5t is situat$ ab\t 7,di/ance f natural object or p]man5t monum5t & give direction7 #d4 ,all dips1 v>iations1 spurs1 angles & all ve9s1 l$ges1 or deposits )9 ! l9es ( ?is claim1 toge!r ) all wat] & timb] & any o!r rights appurt5ant1 all[$ by ! laws ( ?is ,/ate or ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates are h]eby claim$4 ,,locators ,,/atem5t ,,( ,,! ,,m>k+ ,,( ,,! ,,b\nd>ies ,,& ,,( ,,p]=mance ,,( ,,discov]y ,,"w ,,notice ,,is ,,h]eby ,,giv5 by ! und]sign$ locator--t 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( ! ,m9+ ,law3-- #a4 ,!re has be5 erect$ at ! discov]y po9t1 at ea* corn] & at ! c5t] ( ea* end l9e ( said claim #b4 ,! ,locator has p]=m$ ! foll[+ discov]y "w3 ,,dat$ 1 #ai ,,locators ,,pa #aefa--d,m-#c-fb ,,app5dix #aj ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #aa ,no4 #bif4 ,,location ,,c]tificate4--,tunnel4--,brad=d ,publi%+ ,co41 #ahbd-df ,/\t ,/reet1 ,d5v]1 ,colorado--#c-gb ,,/ate ,,( ,,ss4 ,c\nty ( ,,to ,,all ,,:om ,,^! ,,pres5ts ,,may ,,conc]n3 ,"k ye1 t citiz5( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ( 1 ,c\nty ( 1 ,/ate ( 1 d h]eby decl>e & publi% z a legal notice to all ! _w1 t h a valid "r to ! occupancy1 possession & enjoym5t ( ! 1 locat$ 1 #ai = ! discov]y ( m9es & ! developm5t ( lodes1 & situate 9 ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty1 ,/ate ( 1 describ$ z foll[s1 to-wit3 ,m\? ( tunnel situate 2 f ! m\? ( ! tunnel ,size ( tunnel feet wide by feet high 9 ! cle>4 ,c\rse ( tunnel f its m\?1 #c1jjj feet to ! end ( said tunnel1 at :i* end is set a sub/antial be+ ! end 1 & betwe5 ! tunnel m\? & ! end ! c5t] l9e ( ! tunnel is m>k$ at feet1 feet1 feet1 feet1 feet1 feet1 feet f ! m\? by m>k$ /akes or blaz$ & m>k$ trees4 ,f ! end be>s be>s f said end 1 set a /ake f said end 1 set a /ake f m\? ( tunnel set a /ake f m\? ( tunnel set a /ake :i* la/ f\r m5tion$ /akes ! ext]ior corn]s ( ! claim ( said tunnel site4 ,& claim = l9e ( tunnel #a1ejj feet on ea* side ( ! c5t] ( ! bore or c\rse ( ! tunnel1 & ! "r to all lodes :i* may be discov]$ 9 ! due prosecution ( said tunnel )9 #a1ejj feet on ea* side ( ! c5t] ( said l9e4 also claim a squ>e tract ( l& #abe feet on ea* side ( ! m\? ( tunnel & ext5d+ #bej feet imm$iately bel[ ! m\? ( ! tunnel1 z /ak$ ^u ! gr\nd1 = dump+ purposes4 ,toge!r ) all & s+ul> ! h]$itam5ts & appurt5ances !reunto belong+ or 9 anywise app]ta9+1 & all rights grant$ to ! locator z tunnel rights "u ! t]ms ( ,section #bcbc ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,,witness h& & seal ?is day ( 1 #ai ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,app5dix #aa ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #ab ,,/ate ,,( ,,ss4 ,c\nty ( ,be=e me1 ! subscrib]1 a not>y public 9 & = said ,c\nty1 p]sonally appe>$ to me p]sonally kn[n to be ! same p]sondescrib$ 9 & :o execut$ ! )9 decl>ation ( occupation1 & ackn[l$g$ t h sign$1 seal$ & publi%$ ! same z h free & volunt>y act & de$ = ! uses & purposes !re9 set =?4 ,,witness my h& & seal1 ?is day ( 1 #ai ,my commission expires 1 #ai ,not>y ,public4 ,,/ate ,,( ,,ss4 ,c\nty ( ( ! ,c\nt ( ,/ate ( 1 be+ fir/ duly sworn accord+ to law1 depose & say3 ,th citiz5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ov] ! age ( tw5ty-"o ye>s2 t h own] by pre-emption1 location & occupation ( ! =ego+ tunnel site1 ! said tunnel be+ prosecut$ = ! developm5t ( lodes belong+ to said affiant1 also = ! discov]y ( o!r lodes2 affiant fur!r say t h ha exp5d$ 9 actual "w & improvem5ts on said tunnel n less ?an ,doll>s1 & t said tunnel has already be5 run ! di/ance ( feet1 & t x is bona fide h int5tion to prosecute "w on said tunnel1 s locat$ & describ$1 ) reasonable dilig5ce = ! purposes !re9 set =?4 ,,subscrib$ & sworn to be=e me ?is day ( 1 #ai ,my commission expires 1 #ai ,not>y ,public4 ,,location ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,tunnel ,,& ,,tunnel ,,site ,tunnel & ,tunnel ,site ( 9 ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty1 ,/ate ( ,,/ate ,,( ,,ss4 ,c\nty ( ,i h]eby c]tify t ?is ,location ,c]tificate 0 fil$ = record 9 my (fice at o'clock ,m41 #ai & is duly record$ 9 book at page ,record]4 ,by ,deputy4 ,fees1 --------------------------------------- ,,brad=d ,,publi%+ ,,company ,,co41 ,,d5v] ,,app5dix #ab ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #ac ,record$ ato'clock,m41 ,reception ,no4 ,record]4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,,"k ,,all ,,m5 ,,by ,,^! ,,pres5ts3 ,t1 ! und]sign$ citiz5s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 resid5ts ( ! ,c\nty (1 ,/ate (1 hav+ compli$ ) ! provisions ( ,*apt] #f1 ,title ,,xxxii1 ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ) ! local cu/oms1 laws & regulations1 claim by "r ( discov]y & location1 ,! plac] claim1 situate1 ly+ & be+ 9 ,m9+ ,di/rict1 ,c\nty (1 & ,/ate ( 1 describ$ by metes & b\nds z foll[s1 to wit3 area acres1 said claim 0 locat$ on ! day (1 #ai4 ,date ( c]tificate1 #ai4 ,atte/3 ,no4 #afa4 ,,plac] ,,location ,,c]tificate4--,brad=d ,publi%+ ,co41 #ahbd-df ,/\t ,/reet1 ,d5v]1 ,colorado 7#egc-ejaa7--e-gg ,,app5dix #ac ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,,app5dix #ad ,no4 #bgj4 ,,location ,,c]tificate--,mill ,site4--,brad=d ,publi%+ ,co41 #ahbd-df ,/\t ,/reet1 ,d5v]1 ,colorado 7#egc-ejaa7--f-gg ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,,location ,,c]tificate ,,( ,,mill ,,site ,,/ate ,,( ,,ss4 ,c\nty ( ,,to ,,all ,,:om ,,^! ,,pres5ts ,,may ,,conc]n3 ,"k ye t ( dh]eby decl>e & publi% z a legal notice to all ! _w th a valid "r to ! occupation1 possession & enjoym5t ( all & s+ul> t tract or p>cel ( l& n exce$+ five acres1 situate1 ly+ & be+ 9,m9+ ,di/rict1 9 ! ,c\nty (1 9 ! ,/ate (1 b\nd$ & describ$ z foll[s1 to wit3 ,!,mill ,site1beg9n+ at ,cor4 ,no4 #a toge!r ) all & s+ul> ! h]$itam5ts & appurt5ances !reunto belong+ or 9 anywise app]ta9+4 ,witnessh&& seal1 ?isday (1 #ai4 ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ,,seal ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,,app5dix #ad ,,index ,fir/ numb] indicates *apt]4 ,second numb] indicates section ( t *apt]4 ,accuracy 7survey73 #e-b1 #e-e1 #e-ac ,acquir$ ,l&s3 #a-be ,act ( #ahff 7lodes73 #a-e ,act ( #ahgj 7plac]s73 #a-f ,act ( #ahgb 7g5]al m9+ laws73 #a-g ,act ( #ahhd 7,alaska73 #a-i ,act ( #ahib 7build+ /one73 #a-aj ,act ( #aijd 7monum5ts to control73 #a-ac ,act ( #aibj 7m9]al leas+73 #a-ad ,act ( #aidg 7mat]ials73 #a-ae ,act ( #aied 7multiple use73 #a-af ,act ( #aiee 7common v>ieties73 #a-ag ,act ( #aiee 7p[] sites73 #a-ah ,act ( #aifj 7mill sites73 #a-ai ,act ( #aifb 7petrifi$ wood73 #a-bj ,act ( #aigj 7geo!rmal /eam73 #a-ba ,act ( #aigf 7recordation73 #a-bb ,additional & ,am5d$ ,location ,c]tificate3 #b-ac1 #d-f ,additional ,notes & ,c]tificate on ,plat3 #e-ah ,alaska3 #a-i1 #a-bc1 #a-bd ,alaska ,native ,claims3 #a-bc ,alaska ,public ,sale ,act3 #a-bd ,am5d$ ,location3 #b-ac1 #e-a1 #e-c1 #e-bj ,am5d$ 7,supplem5tal7 ,ord] = ,survey3 #d-f1 #d-g1 #e-c1 #e-ba ,am5d$ ,survey3 #e-ai ,annual ,assessm5t ,"w3 #b-d1 #b-ab ,apex ,law3 #a-di ,application = ,pat5t3 #b-f ,application = ,survey3 #d-d ,approval ( ,survey3 #e-ae ,areas3 #e-h1 #e-aj1 #e-ab1 #e-ac ,areas subject to special m9+ laws3 #a-bd ,assays3 #b-a ,attorney-at-,law3 #a-dc1 #d-c ,azimu?3 #e-aj ,be>+ rocks3 #e-d ,be>+ trees3 #e-d1 #e-aj ,b$d$ deposits3 #a-dh1 #b-a1 #e-c1 #e-e ,blanket ve9s3 #e-c1 #e-e ,build+ /one3 #a-aj ,burd5 ( pro(3 #b-a1 #b-ab ,calculations3 #e-h1 #e-ac ,cancell$ ,survey3 #d-f1 #e-af ,cancell$ ,survey ,ord]3 #d-f1 #d-h1 #e-ag ,cemet]ies3 #e-c ,*ange ( claim b\nd>ies3 #b-ac ,claim records3 #d-e1 #e-a ,claim /ak+3 #b-c ,closures3 #e-ac ,coal ,surveys3 #e-c ,common ,improvem5t3 #a-dg1 #e-e ,common ,v>ieties3 #a-ag ,conflicts3 #e-c1 #e-h1 #e-ab1 #e-ac ,coord9ates ,geographic3 #e-aj1 #e-ab ,plane3 #e-a ,corn] accessories3 #e-d ,corn] m>k+s3 #b-c1 #e-aj ,corn] numb]s3 #b-c ,corn]s on pat5t$ l&3 #b-c ,corn] ties3 #b-c1 #e-c1 #e-h1 #e-ab ,dea? ,valley ,national ,monum5t1 ,cali=nia3 #a-bd ,descriptive ,report 7plac] claims73 #e-f ,discov]y3 #a-dg1 #b-a1 #b-d1 #e-c ,discov]y lo/3 #b-a ,discov]y pa9t3 #b-b1 #e-c1 #e-ab ,discov]y %aft3 #b-c ,discov]y "w3 #b-b1 #b-e1 #e-a1 #e-e ,drill logs3 #b-a ,electronic di/ance measurem5t3 #e-b ,end c5t] monum5ts3 #b-c ,end l9es3 #a-di1 #b-c1 #e-ab ,errors3 #e-ab1 #f-e ,ex*anges3 #a-bc ,extralat]al ,rights3 #a-di ,field ,notes3 #e-aj1 #e-aa1 #e-ab1 #e-ah ,fissionable s\rce mat]ial3 #a-bc ,float3 #b-a ,goe!rmal /eam3 #a-be ,glaci] ,bay ,national ,monum5t1 ,alaska3 #a-bd ,home/ead ,entry ,surveys3 #e-c ,improvem5ts3 #e-e1 #e-g1 #e-aj1 #e-ab1 #e-ae1 #e-ba ,indemnity ,grants3 #a-bc ,in/rum5ts3 #e-b1 #e-aj ,int]sections3 #e-h1 #e-aj1 #e-ab1 #e-ac ,junior claim3 #a-di ,k+s ,range ,national ,cons]vation ,area1 ,cali=nia3 #a-bd ,kn[n lodes 9 plac]s3 #b-d ,leas+ ,act3 #a-ad ,l5g?3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #d-f1 #e-c1 #e-ab ,location3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #b-h1 #b-i1 #e-c1 #e-aj1 #e-ab ,location c]tificate3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #d-f1 #e-aj ,location monum5t3 #e-c ,location notice3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #b-g ,location survey3 #b-c ,lode v4 ,plac]3 #b-a ,lode claims3 #a-e1 #a-g1 #b-a1 #b-b1 #b-c ,lode l9e3 #e-ab ,magnetic ,decl9ation3 #e-ab ,m>ketability3 #b-a1 #b-d ,mat]ials ,act3 #a-ae ,measurem5ts3 #e-b1 #e-aj ,metes & b\nds3 #b-c1 #d-f ,mill ,sites3 #a-g1 #a-ai1 #b-g1 #b-h1 #e-g ,m9]al1 def9ition3 #b-a ,m9]al ,exam9]3 #b-a ,m9]al ,monum5ts3 #e-c ,m9]al ,survey3 #b-f ,m9]al ,surveyor ,appo9tm5t3 #c-a1 #c-b1 #c-c1 #c-d1 #c-e1 #c-f ,contracts3 #c-ad1 #c-ae1 #c-af1 #c-ag1 #d-d4g ,duties3 #c-aj1 #c-aa1 #c-ab1 #c-ac ,exam9ation3 #c-i ,qualifications3 #c-g1 #c-h ,re/rictions3 #c-ah1 #c-ai1 #c-bj ,selection (3 #d-b ,m9+ ,di/ricts3 #a-a1 #a-b1 #a-c ,mt4 ,mc,kinley ,national ,p>k1 ,alaska3 #a-bd ,multiple ,use3 #a-af ,national ,=e/s3 #a-bc1 #d-f ,national ,p>ks & ,monum5ts3 #a-bd1 #d-f ,native graves3 #e-c ,navigable wat]3 #a-ej ,new legislation1 update3 #a-be ,new survey requir$3 #e-bj ,numb] ( claims3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #b-h1 #d-d4g ,o ,c ,l&s3 #a-bd ,oil %ale plac] claims3 #a-bd ,olympic ,national ,p>k1 ,wa%+ton3 #a-bd ,ord] = ,survey3 #d-f1 #e-ag ,organ ,pipe ,cactus ,national ,monum5t1 ,arizona3 #a-bd ,papago ,indian ,res]vation1 ,arizona3 #a-bd ,pat5t ,exclusion ( ab&on$ claim3 #e-bc ,9 two p>ts3 #e-bd ,long aft] survey3 #e-bb ,pat5t exp5diture3 #a-dg1 #e-e1 #e-ae1 #e-ba ,pat5t survey ,dep>tures f normal proc$ure3 #e-af to #e-bd incl4 ,field "w3 #e-a to #e-g incl4 ,(fice "w3 #e-h to #e-aa incl4 ,process+3 #e-ab to #e-ae incl4 ,requir$3 #d-a1 #e-f1 #e-g ,petrifi$ ,wood3 #a-bj ,plac] claims3 #a-f1 #a-g1 #b-d1 #b-e1 #b-f1 #e-f ,plac] v4 ,lode3 #b-a ,plats3 #e-i1 #e-aa1 #e-ad1 #e-af1 #e-ah1 #e-ai1 #f-d ,p[] ,sites3 #a-ah ,prescott1 ,arizona ,wat]%$3 #a-bd ,railroad ,grants3 #a-bc ,record+3 #a-g1 #a-bb1 #b-aa1 #b-ab ,ref]5ce ,monum5t3 #e-d ,relocation3 #b-ac1 #e-bj ,res]vations3 #a-bc ,re/oration ( lo/ or oblit]at$ corn]s3 #e-c1 #f-a ,resurveys3 #f-b ,rights-(-way3 #e-c ,rip>ian ,rights3 #a-ej ,rule ( approximation3 #b-f ,s*ool ,grants3 #a-bc ,s5ior claim3 #a-di ,segregation ,surveys3 #f-c ,sev]ance3 #a-bc ,side c5t] monum5ts3 #b-c ,size ( claims3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #b-g1 #d-f ,spani% ,l& ,grants3 #a-bc ,special ,surveys3 #e-c ,/ate m9+ laws1 g5]al3 #a-bg ,alaska3 #a-bh ,arizona3 #a-bi ,arkansas3 #a-cj ,cali=nia3 #a-ca ,colorado3 #a-cb ,florida3 #a-cc ,idaho3 #a-cd ,l\isiana3 #a-ce ,mississippi3 #a-cf ,montana3 #a-cg ,nebraska3 #a-ch ,nevada3 #a-ci ,new ,mexico3 #a-dj ,nor? ,dakota3 #a-da ,oregon3 #a-db ,s\? ,dakota3 #a-dc ,utah3 #a-dd ,wa%+ton3 #a-de ,wyom+3 #a-df ,/ockrais+ ,home/eads3 #a-bc1 #e-c ,supplem5tal ,plat3 #e-af1 #f-d ,survey me?ods3 #b-c1 #e-b ,survey records3 #d-e1 #e-a ,surveyor & ,! ,law3 #a-dg1 #a-dh ,?orium3 #a-bc ,t[nsites3 #a-bc1 #e-c ,trace ( m9]al3 #b-a1 #b-d ,transit & ,tape3 #e-b ,tunnel ,sites3 #b-i1 #b-aj ,u4,s4 ,m>%all3 #e-a ,u4,s4 ,surveys3 #e-c ,unapprov$ survey3 #e-ag ,und]gr\nd discov]y3 #b-a1 #b-b ,uranium3 #a-bc ,use1 mill site3 #b-h ,valuable m9]al deposit3 #b-a ,wid?3 #b-c1 #b-f1 #d-f1 #e-c1 #e-ab ,wild]ness ,areas3 #a-bd ,witness ,corn]3 #e-d ,)drawals3 #a-bc1 #d-e ,,gpo #heg-jcj ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes #a4 ,sil5tly correct$ typographical errors & v>iations 9 spell+4 #b4 ,ar*aic1 non-/&>d1 & unc]ta9 spell+s reta9$ z pr9t$4 #c4 ,enclos$ italics font 9 und]scores4 #d4 ,enclos$ bold font 9 equals4