,,an ,,epitome ( ,,a/ronomy1 ,,) ,,! ,,new ,,discov]ies3 ,,includ+ ,,an ,,acc\nt ,,( ,,! ,ed\ranon1 ,,or ,,transp>5t ,,orr]y2 7,,inv5t$ ,,by ,a4 ,,walk]7 ,,z ,,lectur$ ,,^u ,,by ,,8 ,,son1 ,w4 ,,walk]4 ,,/>s ,,tea* ,,z ,,well ,,z ,,%9e6 ,,"y4 ,,os ,,hom9i ,,sublime ,,d$it2 ,c,,lumque ,,tu]i ,,jussit1 ,,et ,,erectos ,,ad ,,sid]a ,,toll]e ,,vultus4 ,,ovid ,,met4 #a4 #he4 ,,! ,,f\rte5? ,,edition4 ,ipswi*2 ,,pr9t$ ,,= ,,! ,,au?or1 ,,by ,,burrell ,,& ,,bransby2 ,,& ,,sold ,,by ,j4 ,,robson ,,& ,w4 ,,cl>ke1 ,,bond-,,/reet2 ,,& ,g4 ,,ke>sley1 ,,fleet-,,/reet1 ,,london4 #ahjj4 ,,an ,,epitome ( ,,a/ronomy2 ,,z ,,illu/rat$ ,,by ,,! ,ed\ranon1 ,,or ,,transp>5t ,,orr]y4 ,?is elaborate ,ma*9e is #bj feet diamet]3 x /&s v]tical be=e ! spectators2 & its globes are s l>ge1 t !y are di/9ctly se5 9 ! mo/ di/ant "p ( a ,!atre4 ,e ,planet & ,satellite seems susp5d$ 9 space1 )\t any support2 p]=m+ its annual & diurnal revolutions )\t any app>5t cause4 ,x is c]ta9ly ! ne>e/ approa* to ! magnific5t simplicity ( nature1 & to its j proportions1 z to magnitude & motion1 ( any ,orr]y yet made3 & besides be+ a mo/ brilliant & beautiful spectacle1 conveys to ! m9d ! mo/ sublime in/ruction3 r5d]+ a/ronomical tru?s s pla9 & intelligible1 t ev5 ^? :o h n s mu* z ?\ght ^u ! subject1 may acquire cle> ideas ( ! laws1 motions1 appe>ances1 eclipses1 transits1 influ5ces1 c4 ( ! planet>y sy/em4 ,sc5e #a4 ,,! ,,sun ,,& ,,e>?3 ,) ! ,zodiacal ,con/ellations4 ,z in=mation is ! prim>y object ( ?is lecture1 x is ?\ght m useful to exhibit ,,p>ts ( ! sol> sy/em1 sep>ately1 be=e a gr& display 0 made ( ! :ole4 ,?is sc5e !re=e1 op5s ) only ! ,sun & ! ,e>?4 ,! ,sun seems susp5d$ 9 ! middle ( ! sy/em1 & by spots on 8 face1 is se5 to turn r\nd on 8 axis 9 #be days2 light issues f 8 orb 9 all directions2 9 ! blaze ( :i* is susp5d$ ! ,e>?1 turn+ on its axis to produce day & night1 & revolv+ r\nd ! ,sun to produce ! seasons3 its axis incl9es #bc degrees f a p]p5dicul> to ! plane ( its orbit2 & by t axis keep+ p>allel to itself dur+ ?is annual j\rney1 ! nor!rn & s\!rn hemisph]es are alt]nately address$ to ! ,sun2 %ew+1 :5 x is summ] 9 "o1 x is w9t] 9 ! o!r1 & vice v]s4 ,?is sc5e s naturally exhibits ! cause ( day1 night1 twilight1 summ] & w9t]1 spr+ & autumn1 long & %ort days1 c4 t a b>e inspection ( ! ,ma*9e is suffici5t to convey ! cle>e/ idea ( ^! phnom5a4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,e>? 9 ?is sc5e ought to be un%ackl$ ) m]idians or p>allels ( latitude3--to be a free & indep5d5t ball1 ) l& & wat] repres5t$ z !y w\ld appe> to a di/ant spectator look+ at ! real ,e>?4 ,b z globes are seldom se5 )\t ^! app5dages1 a globe ( two feet 9 diamet]1 equipp$ ) m]idians & p>allels ( latitude 7be+ requisite = illu/ration7 w p]=m a diurnal & annual motion r\nd ! ,sun1 & expla9 ! above phnom5a on s l>ge a scale1 t _! effects on ! smalle/ isl& may be se5 f ! mo/ di/ant "p ( ! !atre4 ,?is sc5e is surr\nd$ by transp>5t pa9t+s ( ! twelve signs ( ! ,zodiac1 %ew+ h[ ! ,sun1 or r ! ,e>?1 ent]s & passes ?ro' ,aries1 ,taurus1 ,gem9i1 ,canc]1 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,auxili>y sc5es accompany ?is1 to %ew ! pr9ciples ( planet>y motion2 ! =mation ( ! con/ellations & _! allegorical hi/ory2 ! oblate1 yet ne>ly globul> figure ( ! ,e>?2 h[ %ips & m\nta9s appe> at sea2 ) %ips mov+ r\nd a l>ge globe ( six feet diamet]1 c4 prov+ t ! ,e>? c conta9 inhabitants on all sides1 c4 ,sc5e #b4 ,,sun1 ,,e>?1 ,,& ,,moon3 ,,phases ,,& ,,eclipses4 ,consi/s ( ! ,sun1 ! ,e>?1 & ! ,moon4 ,! object ( ?is sc5e is to display ! cause ( ! wax+ & wan+ ( ! ,moon1 & ( sol> & lun> eclipses3 = ?is purpose ! ,e>? p]=m its annual & diurnal motions1 & projects a conical %ad[ opposite to ! ,sun dur+ its j\rney r\nd him4 ,! ,moon borr[s h] light f ! ,sun2 & :i*1 9 reflection to ! ,e>?1 is n m ?an "o ?ree hundr$ ?\s&? "p s /rong3 & p]=m+ h] rotation r\nd ! ,e>?1 e #bi;,d4 #ab;,h4 #dd,m4 w sometimes %ew u m & sometimes less ( ! enlight5$ "p ( h] body4 ,h5ce1 :5 %e is betwe5 ! ,e>? & ! ,sun1 h] d>k side is t[>ds u1 & we lose sight ( h]1 & call ?is "p ( h] p]iod ! ,,*ange2 b z %e revolves r\nd ! ,e>? f ,we/ to ,ea/ 7! same way ! ,e>? turns on its axis7 9 a few days we see h] above ! ,sun 9 ! ,we/1 & see+ a small "p ( h] enlight5$ face1 call ! appe>ance ! ,horn$1 or ,,new ,moon3 7= h] d>k side1 receiv+ no reflection ( light f any neighb\r+ body1 _c be se5 except 9 v cle> wea!r74 ,z %e proce$s on h] mon?ly j\rney1 :5 ! ,sun sets 9 ! ,we/1 we see h] ne> our m]idian1 & !n %e appe>s an ,,half ,moon1 & we say %e is at ! fir/ qu>t]2 z %e approa*es ! ,,full1 m ( h] enlight5$ side may be se51 & %e assumes an ,,oval or ,,gibb\s appe>ance4 ,at ! ,,full %e is opposite to ! ,sun1 :5 ! inhabitants ( ! ,e>? look at h] 9 ! same direction z ! rays ( t lum9>y1 & ( c\rse see ! :ole ( h] enlight5$ face4 ,9 p]=m+ ! o!r half ( h] j\rney1 %e wanes2 & expos+ less & less ( h] enlight$ side to u1 aga9 disappe>s4 ,?is sc5e receives also auxili>y illu/ration1 be=e ! gr& sc5e op5s3 & 9 maps ( ! ,moon dur+ its exhibition1 p>ticul>ly "o ( five feet diamet]1 made f telescopes ( ! l>ge/ magnify+ p[]s1 & laid d[n ) ! mo/ m9ute correctness1 ) maps ( ! appe>ance ( ! ,e>? z se5 f ! ,moon1 indicat+ f ?is simil>ity1 t !y are worlds ( ne>ly simil> con/ruction4 ,9 ! ?irte5 revolutions %e w make :ile ! ,e>? travels r\nd ! ,sun1 x w evid5tly appe> t ! ,e>? is a ,moon to h]1 b appe>+ ?irte5 times z l>ge z ! ,moon to u2 t %e does n %9e by h] own light2 t %e has no div]sity ( seasons2 t %e keeps ! same side always turn$ t[>ds ! ,e>?1 & !re=e turns on h] axis e #bi days2 t h] surface is m\nta9\s#a2 & t %e %9es )\t sett+1 e second =tnight1 on ! arctic or ant>ctic p>ts ( our globe1 dur+ w9t]3 a v sublime & simple provision = ! o!rwise long cont9u$ d>kness t at opposite seasons ( ! ye> w\ld invelope ! pol> regions ( ! ,e>?4 ,if ! ,moon mov$ 9 ! same plane or level ) ! ,e>?1 we %\ld h an eclipse e full & *ange2 b z %e travels #e degrees to ! ,nor? ( x1 & ! same to ! ,s\? ( x1 e lunation1 %e only crosses ! plane ( ! ,e>?'s orbit 9 two places1 :i* po9ts ( int]section 7call$ ! ,moon's ,,nodes7 ?\gh 9 a trackless pa?1 move #ai degrees t[>ds ! ,we/ e ye>1 & !re=e pass r\nd ! ,heav5s 9 #ah ye>s & #bbe days2 :i* is ! gold5 numb] ( our cal5d>4 ,h5ce1 :5 "o ( ^! nodes is betwe5 ! ,e>? & ! ,sun at ! *ange1 ! ,moon's %ad[ is ?r[n on ! ,e>?1 & %e eclipses ! ,sun2 & if %e comes to ! full :5 ei!r node is opposite to ! ,sun1 %e falls into ! ,e>?'s %ad[1 & loses = a %ort "t h] borr[$ light3 h5ce1 z %e mo/ly passes above or bel[ ! ,e>?'s %ad[1 we h ,eclipses v seldom4 ,^! phnom5a are produc$ 9 ! ,eid\ranion z !y are 9 nature1 & p]fectly evid5t on inspection4 ,sc5e #c4 ,,!ory ,,( ,,tides1 ,,illu/rat$4 ,?is ,sc5e also consi/s ( ! ,sun1 ! ,e>?1 & ! ,moon4 ,b ! int5tion is to %ew h[ ! ,e>? & ,moon agitate ea* o!r r\nd _! common c5tre ( gravity1 caus+ two tides e #be h\rs4 ,x is a circum/ance truly a/oni%+1 to see 9 calm wea!r1 & "u a s]5e sky1 ! viol5t agitation ( ! great fluid mass ( ! ocean1 ^: waves roll aga9/ ! %ore ) s gr& impetuosity4--,?is spectacle invites to reflection1 & r\ses a desire to p5etrate into its cause3 h5ce ! ,e>?'s ,,?ree-,,fold motion appe>s 9 ?is sc5e3--t1 on its axis1 to produce day & night3 t1 r\nd ! ,sun1 to produce ! ye> & our seasons2 & t1 r\nd ! c5tre ( gravity ) ! ,moon1 to produce spr+ & neap tides1 by _! comb9$ & opposite influ5ces4 ,! ,moon is s ne> ! ,e>? 7#bdj1jjj miles at a m$ium7 9 comp>ison ( ! ,sun 7ne> #ajj millions ( miles7 t ! ,moon's attraction on ! wat]s ( ! ocean & on ! air ( our atmosph]e 7= !re are tides 9 bo?7 is to t ( ! ,sun z t5 is to ?ree4 ,s at ! *ange ( ! ,moon1 ! attraction ( ! ,sun & ,moon be+ 9 ! same direction1 a p[] ( ?irte5 influ5ces ! sea1 & we h ,,spr+ tides2 b at ! qu>t]s ( ! ,moon1 ! two lum9>ies c\nt]act ! attractions ( ea* o!r1 s ! ,sun's p[] ( ?ree be+ tak5 f ! ,moon's ( t51 leaves only sev5 op]at+ ^u ! sea1 & ,,neap tides take place4 ,a tumbl] fill$ ) wat]1 may be :irl$ by a /r+ v]tically r\nd ! head1 )\t any dang] ( ! wat] fall+ out ( x4 ,^? p>ts ( ! ,e>? t come successively ,,opposite to ! ,moon1 p]=m a mu* l>g] circle r\nd ! c5tre ( gravity1 ?an ! p>ts imm$iately ,,"u ! ,moon3 h5ce ! wat]s opposite ! ,moon are ,,?r[n ,,(f1 z x 71 by _! c5trifugal motion1 & rise above ! common level1 z well z ! wat]s expos$ to ! ,moon's imm$iate attraction2 ?us two tides are produc$ 9 #be h\rs1 opposite to ea* o!r2 & by ! ,e>? turn+ ?r\gh ^? protub]ances1 its wat]s rise & fall4 ,! ,sun w\ld produce two small1 b simil> tides1 if ! ,e>? _h no ,moon2 !re=e at ! full ( ! ,moon ! ,sun's c5trifugal tide be+ re9=c$ by ! ,moon's attraction1 & ! ,moon's c5trifugal tide be+ also assi/$ by ! ,sun's attraction1 spr+ tides take place at ! full1 z well z at ! *ange1 ( ! ,moon4 ,?is ,sc5e also receives collat]al assi/ance1 exhibit+ & expla9+ ! sett+ ( ! tides 9 all ! l>ge oceans & ! pr9cipal seas ( ! ,e>?4 ,sc5e #d4 ,,! ,,sol> ,,sy/em4 ,?is displays ! :ole ,cop]nican or ,sol> ,sy/em1 ) e planet & satellite 9 diurnal & annual motion6 ,) awe & def]5ce ,i (f] ?is d>+ b humble transcript ( creation6 ,en\gh1 if "o idea c be add$1 to ! +5u\s m9d1 ( ! attributes & p]fections ( ! ,deity4 ,! ,,sun1 a huge globe ( fire 7#ieg1idb miles diamet]1 & consequ5tly a million times z l>ge z our ,e>?1 & int5d$ to give light1 heat1 & vegetation1 to sev5 prim>y & at lea/ eighte5 second>y worlds7 is plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! sy/em2 & by spots on 8 disk is discov]$ to turn on 8 axis 9 ab\t #be ( our days4 ,^! spots _c be p]man5tly fix$1 because !y are frequ5tly alt]+ 9 _! %ape1 situation1 numb]1 c4 ?o' "s h suppos$ !y h se5 small ind5tations on ! edge ( ! ,sun1 z ! spots h pass$ x1 & conjectur$ t a fluid matt] surr\nd$ a d>k nucleus1 :i* sometimes becom+ b>e1 might occasion ! transi5t appe>ance & disappe>ance ( ! spots4 ,,m]cury is ! fir/ planet 9 ! ord] ( ! sy/em2 ab\t #cdih miles diamet]3 he moves r\nd ! ,sun ) ! greate/ velocity ( any ( ! ,planets famili> to our sy/em 7z be+ ne>e/ ! ,sun7 9 ab\t #hh ( our days2 at ! rate ( #aaj1fhj ,engli% miles e h\r1 b ! angle ( 8 di/ance f ! ,sun1 z se5 by u1 is s small1 t unless by ! telescope1 we c seldom disc]n him#b2 7& ev5 !n an equatorial in/rum5t to direct to its place1 z indicat$ by ! ,ephem]is1 w be requisite27 & :5 we d1 x is = s %ort a "t1 & 9 twilight1 t we c discov] no spots on 8 face1 & !re=e to ?is h\r "k no?+ ( ! l5g? ( 8 days & nights3 we see him p>tially enlight5$ l ! ,moon1 sometimes l a small cresc5t1 9 o!r situations half enlight5$1 & sometimes gibb\s or oval1 & are !re=e c]ta9 he d]ives 8 light f ! ,sun1 z %e does3 s t no d\bt he is a fell[ _w1 ) inhabitants adapt$ to ! heat ( 8 situation3 al?o' ?is heat is sev5 times z great z t ( ! ,e>?4 ,he is n mu* l>g] ?an ! ,moon4 ,our ,e>?1 view$ f ,m]cury1 mu/ appe> mu* l>g] & m lum9\s ?an any ( ! ,planets1 except ,v5us1 appe>s to u4 ,,v5us is ! next planet 9 ! ord] ( ! sy/em1 & di/+ui%$ by h] sup]ior brilliancy1 z ! ,sun's light is twice z great to ?is planet z to ! ,e>?2 f ?is cause %e is sometimes visible to ! nak$ eye 9 full day-light4 ,%e is ab\t #gj millions ( miles f ! ,sun1 or ab\t twice ! di/ance ( ,m]cury2 & l him1 b mu* long] & m conspicu\sly1 appe>s "u ! diff]5t phases ( ! ,moon4 ,^!1 z we h said1 are pro(s t bo? planets borr[ _! light f ! ,sun4 ,! orbits ( ^! planets 7z well z ^? ( ! re/ ( ! sy/em7 are incl9$ to ! orbit ( ! ,e>?4 ,h5ce :5 ,v5us & ,m]cury are f\nd 9 ! nodes ( _! orbits betwe5 ! ,e>? & ,sun1 !y are transf]r$ ^u ! ,sun's face l small r\nd black spots1 & :i* 9 fact are p>tial ,eclipses ( ! ,sun2 ^! are call$ ! ,,transits ( ,m]cury1 or ,v5us4 ,v5us is a little l>g] ?an ! ,e>?1 or #icfj miles diamet]2 & moves r\nd ! ,sun 9 #bbd ( our days1 at ! rate ( #hj1iee miles e h\r4 ,f fa9t spots se5 ^u h] surface1 ,mr4 ,%roet] appreh5ds %e revolves on h] axis 9 #bc h\rs1 #ba m9utes2 t h] surface is irregul> l t ( ! ,moon1 & "s ( h] m\nta9s f\r miles high4 ,! atmosph]e ( ,v5us has be5 calculat$ to be #ej miles high3 & ! ,sun w\ld appe> to ! inhabitants ( ?is planet twice z l>ge z to u4 ,:5 ,v5us is to ! we/ ( ! ,sun1 %e is a morn+ />2 :5 to ! ea/ ( him1 an ev5+ />3 h] orbit or track is includ$ by ! ,e>?'s1 & z bo? move ! same way1 %e appe>s to be on "o side ( ! ,sun long] ?an ! #bbd days %e is 9 go+ r\nd him4 ,! axis ( ,v5us is said by "s a/ronom]s to incl9e #ge degrees to ! axis ( h] orbit3 & !re=e h] seasons v>y v fa/1 ! ,sun pass+ ov] m ( h] f pole to pole 9 "o day1 ?an ov] ! ,e>? 9 a qu>t] ( a ye>4 ,h5ce ! heat$ places ( ?is planet h "t to cool3 :i* sugge/ to our ideas t provision has be5 made = inhabitants1 t !y might n suff] by _! vic9ity to ! ,sun2 ?is circum/ance also gives h] two w9t]s & two summ]s at h] equator1 & indicates h] inhabit$4 ,! discov]y lately made by ,mr4 ,%roet]1 ( a light fa9tly ext5d$ beyond ! b\nds ( direct sol> illum9ation1 :5 %e has h] falcat$ appe>ance l ! ,moon ne> to h] *ange1 /r5g!ns ?is probability3 z ^! are signs ( twilight1 & ( an atmosph]e4 ,?is a/ronom] has also obs]v$ h] to h consid]able m\nta9s2 ano!r "* ( a globe suit$ = habitation4 ,! ,,e>? is ! ?ird planet 9 ! ord] ( ! sy/em3 #hbdd miles diamet]--moves at ! rate ( #fh1hef miles e h\r1 & h5ce completes its revolution 9 its orbit 7! ,ecliptic7 9 #cfe days & 4 ,! ,,moon's diamet] is #bahc miles2 %e moves ) respect to ! ,e>? #bbij miles 9 h] orbit e h\r2 & goes r\nd ! ,e>? f *ange to *ange 9 #bi days & a half4 ,b hav+ devot$ s mu* ( ?is tract to ! phnom5a ( ! ,e>?1 z well z its satellite ! ,moon1 we proce$ to ,,m>s1 kn[n 9 ! heav5s by 8 peculi>ly r$ appe>ance1 aris+ f a v ?ick & d5se atmosph]e4 ,?is ,planet is next above ! ,e>?1 & h5ce has consid]able less light f ! ,sun ?an we h2 is mu* small] ?an ! ,e>?1 or ab\t #ddgj miles diamet]4 ,he is ne> #aej millions ( miles f ! ,sun1 & goes r\nd him 9 some?+ less ?an two ( our ye>s1 mov+ at ! rate ( #ee1ghc miles e h\r4 ,8 day & night is r long] ?an ours1 or #bd;,h4 #ci,m4 #bb,s4 & uni=m ?r\gh\t 8 ye>1 s t 8 axis be+ p]p5dicul>1 he has no v>iety ( seasons4 ,:5 we pass betwe5 ! ,sun & him he has a mo/ fi]y & al>m+ appe>ance1 & is (t5 mi/ak5 = a ,comet2 b :5 we are on ! opposite side ( our orbit1 he appe>s small1 & sc>cely to be di/+ui%$ f a fix$ />4 ,,jupit]1 f> ! l>ge/ ( our ,planets1 ne> #acjj times ! size ( ! ,e>?1 or #ic1ccc miles diamet]1 is ! next above ,m>s1 at five times ! di/ance f ! ,sun t we are2 s t he enjoys b a tw5ty-fif? "p ( ! light1 heat1 & attraction ( t lum9>y we d4--,?\gh inde$ ( ! light & heat he may /ill possess1 we are n s c]ta9 z ( ! degree ( attraction3 t be+ inv>iably proportion$ to ! di/ance2 :ile ^! w be relative to ! d5sity & o!r circum/ances ( ! atmosph]e1 & ! aptness ( ! surface ( ! ,planet to acquire & reta9 heat3 aft] ,v5us he appe>s ! mo/ brilliant ,planet ( ! ,univ]se4 ,he is att5d$ ) f\r satellites t revolve v regul>ly r\nd him4 ,! ?ree fir/ are eclips$ e revolution1 & e sev5? day come 9 conjunction ) him & "o ano!r1 z may be se5 on ! ,eid\ranion4 ,longitude1 at l&1 c be asc]ta9$ by ! eclipses ( ,jupit]'s satellites1 z well z by a transit ( ,v5us2 & ^! w\ld sup]c$e ! necessity ( a "t-keep]1 if !y c\ld be obs]v$ at sea2 h5ce1 9 ! ,nautical ,almanack1 ^! eclipses are v exactly calculat$ = ! m]idian ( ,gre5wi*1 & answ] v good geographical z well z nautical purposes4 ,jupit] is ne> twelve ye>s 9 mak+ 8 way r\nd ! ,sun1 al?o' he moves at ! rate ( #cj1aic miles e h\r2 he turns r\nd 8 axis 9 ab\t t5 ( our h\rs1 s t 8 days & nights are b five h\rs ea*3 & he has no v>iety ( seasons2 = 8 axis is p]p5dicul> to ! plane ( 8 orbit4 ,turn+ s swiftly on 8 axis1 8 figure becomes m oblate ?an t ( ! ,e>?1 be+ m ?an #fjjj miles long] 9 diamet] f "o side ( 8 equator to ! o!r1 ?an f pole to pole1 or 9 ! proportion ( #ac to #ad4c ,?is swiftness ( 8 diurnal motion also draws 8 cl\ds & vap\rs into /reaks or l9es ov] 8 equatorial p>ts1 =m+ :at are call$ ,jupit]'s ,belts4 ,an eclipse ( ! ,sun1 by ?is great planet1 w\ld be a /rik+ object ev5 to ! unassi/$ sight z view$ f ,saturn4 ,,saturn1 #he1ghb miles 9 diamet] or ab\t #ajjj times z l>ge z ! ,e>?1 is /ill a m remote planet f ! ,sun1 r\nd :i* he revolves 9 ab\t #cj ( our ye>s1 at ! di/ance ( #iaf millions ( miles4 ,he moves 9 8 orbit at ! rate ( #bb1bih miles e h\r1 & ^u 8 axis 9 #aj;,h4 #af,m4 by ?is swift revolution on 8 axis 8 figure becomes oblate 9 ! proportion ( #aa to #aj1 & 8 atmosph]e & vap\rs are drawn l a qu9tuple belt ( #c d>k] p>ts & #b light] ^u 8 body4 ,saturn is att5d$ by sev5 ,satellites1 ! out]mo/ has be5 long kn[n to h a p]iod ( app>5t augm5tation & dim9ution1 & h5ce probably to h a revolution on its axis1 & be compos$ ( l& & wat]4 ,a l>ge1 broad1 d\ble1 & lum9\s r+ ( #bjj1aeg miles diamet]1 surr\nds ,saturn1 at a di/ance f ! planet equal to ! bread? ( ! r+4--,?is r+ incl9es ab\t #cj degrees to ! plane ( ! ecliptic1 & mu/ appe> l a great ar* ( light to ! inhabitants ( ,saturn4 ,x has a revolution e elev5 h\rs on an axis p]p5dicul> to its plane1 & keeps p>allel to itself at all times2 h5ce x disappe>s twice e #cj ye>s1 :5 its edge is pres5t$ to u2 ! ,sun %9es = ne> #ae ( our ye>s toge!r on ! nor!rn plane ( ! r+2 & !n leav+ x1 illum9es ! s\!rn side = ! same p]iod2 s !re is b "o day & "o night on ea* side ( ! r+1 b ea* w be ( #ae ye>s cont9uance )\t int]mission4 ,! ,sun's direct light be+ b ab\t a #ij? "p s /rong to ,saturn z to ! ,e>?1 ?is r+ is no d\bt int5d$ to increase x1 by reflect+ a v consid]able portion ^u ! planet1 :i* add$ to t f 8 sev5 ,satellites1 mu/ r5d] him a v com=table abode = rational & brute inhabitants4 ,! ,,georgium ,,sidus1 or ,georgian ,planet 7s call$ by ,dr4 ,h]s*ell1 its +5i\s & indefatigable discov]]7 makes ! sev5? 9 ! ord] ( ! sy/em2 ! o!r planets we h describ$ h be5 kn[n z su* to ! highe/ antiquity1 b f its extreme smallness1 ?is has escap$ asc]ta9m5t till ! ye> #agha1 al?\gh x _h be5 recogniz$ z a v m9ute /> by sev]al a/ronom]s4 ,x is ne> twice ,saturn's di/ance f ! ,sun1 & w be ne> eighty-two ye>s & six mon?s 9 go+ r\nd him2 is ( a pale col\r1 & mu* l>g] 9 its telescopic appe>ance ?an ! fix$ />s1 be+ #ajj times z l>ge z ! ,e>?1 or #cg1bcj miles diamet]1 &1 on a cle> ev5+1 is visible to ! nak$ eye4 ,! ,dr4 has discov]$ six satellites to ?is planet1 "s ( :i* are said to move retrograde4 ,z famili>ity is ! pr9cipal design ( ?is ,treatise & ,lecture1 x may be useful to exhibit ! di/ances ( ! planets f ! ,sun 9 ! mo/ concise =m1 & 9 numb]s !y w /& ?us3--if ! di/ance f ! ,sun ( ,m]cury--,v5us--,e>?--,m>s--,jupit]--,sa turn--,georgium ,sidus is #d w be #g #aj #ae #eb #ie #aij or1 if a body project$ f ! ,sun %\ld cont9ue to fly at ! rate ( #dhj miles p] h\r1 7:i* is ab\t ! swiftness ( a cannon-ball71 x c\ld rea* ! orbit ( ,m]cury 9 #i ye>s1 ,v5us 9 #af ye>s1 ! ,e>? 9 #bc ye>s1 ,m>s 9 #cd ye>s1 ,jupit] 9 #aah ye>s1 ,saturn 9 #baf ye>s1 & ! ,georgium ,sidus 9 #dcb ye>s4 ,^! we consid] z ! regul> bodies ( our sy/em2 s regul>1 inde$1 t e phnom5on respect+ !m is calculat$ = ye>s be=e h&1 & x is almo/ consid]$ z a crim9al error to be a m9ute ( "t wrong 9 ! calculation4 ,b we are sometimes visit$ by ,,comets1 :i* may also be recogniz$ z a "p ( our sy/em3 ( ^! our k is v imp]fect4 ,by suppos+ t ! same ,comet has appe>$ at equal int]vals ( "t2 by obs]v+ t1 l ! planets1 !y describe equal areas 9 equal times2 & by hav+ ?ree po9ts 9 an ellipsis giv5 to make out its ecc5tricity2 f ^! data x 0 natural = ma!maticians to suppose !y c\ld calculate ! return ( all ,comets t _h be5 sci5tifically obs]v$3 b ! actual return ev5 ( t conspicu\s "o expect$ by ,dr4 ,halley1 has be5 ?\ght by "s n to be suffici5tly asc]ta9$3 yet1 on exam9+ ! balance ( probability1 z /at$ by ,maup]tius1 ,lal&e1 ,messire & ,m>t91 = its re-appe>ance1 probably ?is d\bt w be greatly less5$1 if n remov$4 ,z new ,comets are almo/ p]petually appe>+1 on :i* calculation hi!rto has be5 sil5t1 !re is reason to expect1 9 a prop] p]iod ( "t1 an adequate numb] ( obs]vations to decide ! "q1 :e!r 9 g5]al !y revolve at /at$ times1 or trav]se our sy/em )\t probability ( return4 ,p]haps ,comets ( ea* description "t & obs]vation may confirm to u4 ,we "k t ,comets accompani$ ) tails come v ne> ! ,sun1 & f all qu>t]s ( ! ,heav5s6 t ! tails keep opposite to ! ,sun2 consequ5tly !y are only visible to u :5 se5 obliquely to ! ,sun4 ,?us ! ,comet ( ,augu/1 #agig1 0 obs]v$ to h little or no tra9 dur+ any "p ( its appe>ance2 b a fa9t hazy light diffus$ r\nd x2 ^! tra9s1 l electrical & borealean light1 d n refract ! light ( ! fix$ />s1 c4 ,! appe>ance ( ! ,comet ( #afhb1 is copi$ 9 ! ,eid\ranion4 ,x desc5ds f ! top ( ! ,ma*9e2 its tra9 increas+ 9 l5g? & lu/re till x arrives at ! ,sun1 dim9i%+ z x asc5ds4 ,its orbit is s ecc5tric t ! small "p ( x visible is n s5sibly to be di/+ui%$ f ! p>abolic curve2 & 9 ?is repres5tation x f9ally disappe>s 9 ! ro( ( ! ,!atre2 x be+ impossible1 if its return 7 asc]ta9$1 to repres5t ! ext5t ( su* an orbit1 & its motion 9 x1 ) any degree ( suitable proportion4 ,! velocity ( su* ( ^! z approa* ne>e/ to ! ,sun1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ,comet ( #afhj1 7^: appe>ance 0 trem5d\s7 exce$s any swiftness t falls )9 obs]vation2 except t ( ! rays ( light2 x be+ ne>ly #bjjj times great] ?an ! swiftness ( a cannon-ball1 at ! in/ant ( its dis*>ge2 yet sc>cely a ?\s&? "p ( ! velocity ( light pass+ f ! ,sun#d4 ,?is ,comet approa*$ to )9 #dj1jjj miles ( ! ,sun's surface1 & 0 calculat$ to be heat$ #bjjj times hott] ?an r$ hot iron2 a globe ( iron ! size ( ! ,e>? 9 ?is heat1 w\ld be #ej1jjj ye>s 9 cool+4 ,^! amaz+ visit]s1 :om philosophy contemplates ) awe v diff]5t f t t]ror ) :i* sup]/ition _h long view$ !m1 mov+ 9 su* amplitude ( space1 s num]\s z !y are1 & s great z "s ( !m1 mu/ h functions assign$ to !m proportionally important3 ei!r occasionally ( t]rific revolution2 or m g5]ally ( recruit+ ! atmosph]e ( ! planets 9 _! successive appulse to any ( !m1 & supply+ ! dim9ution ( ! sol> fires4 ,p]haps too !y are useful 9 prev5t+ ! c5tral t5d5cy ( ! planets to ! ,sun1 f increas+ m ?an 9 a c]ta9 degree2 s t ! app>5t di/urbances1 ?us produc$1 w be "p ( ! necess>y ord] & h>mony ( ! sy/em4 ,x is probable 7?\gh _! orbits are s mu* oblique 9 all directions to ^? ( ! planets1 t x c r>ely happ57 t ,comets may be in/rum5tal to great %ocks2 ei!r by direct collision1 ! effect ( :i*1 consid]+ ! velocity & mass ( "s ( !m _c be e/imat$1 or by ne> approa*3 & ( ?is latt] a possible result1 & su* z seems1 9 "o in/ance at lea/1 to h already tak5 place1 is notic$ 9 ! ,rem>ks annex$ to ?is acc\nt ( ! ,eid\ranion4 ,b ! philosophic obs]v] w h ?is reflection pres5t$ to him f ! phnom5a ( ! ,univ]se2 t ! app>5tly di/urb+ & de/ructive p[]s are second>y & subs]vi5t2 :ile ^? ( ! pres]v+ & meliorat+ k9d are prim>y1 cont9u$1 & univ]sal4 ,& ^? incid5tal causes ( a melan*oly & di/ress+ aspect1 :5 resolv$ into _! ultimate t5d5cy & necess>y effects1 manife/ !mselves1 9 s f> z we c trace !m1 to be p>ts ess5tial to ! sy/em ( pure & p]fect b5evol5ce4 ,/ability & duration are /amp$ on ! ,univ]se1 & ! imag9ation is lo/ 9 ! imm5sity ( ! prospects2 & :e!r we turn to ! pa/ or to ! future1 our conception va9ly pants to grasp ! idea ( b\ndless ,et]nity4 99 99 99 99 99 ,b :5 we laun* 9 idea into inf9ite space1 & contemplate ! sy/ems )\t numb] t fill x2 "h inde$ we h a subject truly wor?y ( ! ,,deity6 ,:oev] supposes ! fix$ />s plac$ 9 a concave sph]e1 z !y appe> to u1 mu/ h a n>r[ & contract$ idea ( ! ,,supreme ,,be+2 = "o /> appe>s l>ge & ano!r small1 because "o is imm5sely di/ant f u 9 comp>ison ( ano!r4 ,?r\gh ,dr4 ,h]s*ell's l>ge telescope _m fix$ />s appe> d\ble3 ! ,pol> /> is d\ble2 7b !y are only />s at diff]5t di/ances f u appe>+ ne>ly 9 ! same l9e7 "s appe> l a topaz1 o!rs azure1 o!rs r$2 all are r\nd1 & _m z p]fectly def9$ z a %ill+ is on black clo?4 ,by telescopes we =m]ly c\ld see ?ree times ! numb] we c by ! nak$ eye2 & n[1 telescopes hav+ receiv$ fur!r improvem5t1 9 ! mo/ cr\d$ "p ( ! milky way1 #aaf1jjj h pass$ be=e ! in/rum5t 9 a qu>t] ( an h\r4 ,! ,nebula ( ,&rom$a mu/ be compos$ ( ! unit$ lu/re ( _m millions ( />s4 ,agreeably to ?is1 ,dr4 ,h]s*ell has notic$ s+le nebul\s />s surr\nd$ ) a fa9t equable :it5ess2 su* z a sy/em ( ,planets view$ at t di/ance f u might be suppos$ to give3 o!rs he has se51 :i* h ! appe>ance ( yet un=m$ sy/ems4 ,& !re are1 we may presume1 po9ts ( view1 9 ! imm5sity ( ! ,univ]se1 9 :i* all ! fix$ />s1 accessible to ! eye or telescope f ?is /ation ( ours1 & all ! inconceivable space1 ?r\gh :i* !y ext5d1 vani% into a nebula1 & almo/ an indisc]nible po9t4 ,su* is ! ord] & greatness ( t ,empire1 :i* ^! ,discov]ies1 ! f>!r !y are pursu$1 mu/ = ev] m & m pres5t to our increas+ admiration4 ,su* ! relation ( p>ts s a/oni%+ly remote6 ,su* ! unity ( intellig5ce1 p[]1 & pres]v+ goodness :i* p]vades ! :ole6 ,& :y may n />s be s remote1 t _! light may n h rea*$ ! ,e>? ev5 s9ce ! creation6 ,we "k t light takes m "t 9 travell+ f ! ne>e/ />s to u1 ?an we 9 mak+ a ,we/ ,india voyage1 7:i* is usually p]=m$ 9 six weeks7 a s\nd w\ld n arrive to u f !nce 9 #ej1jjj ye>s1 nor a cannon-ball 9 a mu* long] "t4 ,! ,sun's light c\ld n !re=e rea* ! fix$ />s1 & be reflect$ back aga9 ) _! lu/re2 ( c\rse !y %9e by _! own light--if s1 !y %9e z our ,sun1 & consequ5tly are ,suns !mselves4--,n[1 z a pr9cipal ( uni=mity runs ?r\gh ! v>iety ( nature1 x is reasonable to conclude ^! ,suns to be c5tres ( sy/ems l ours2 & de/9$ = ! same noble purposes1 viz4 t ( giv+ light1 heat1 & vegetation1 to v>i\s worlds t revolve r\nd !m1 b :i* are too remote = discov]y1 ev5 ) our be/ telescopes6 ,?is idea is inf9itely too great = ! human m9d2 or inde$ = t ( any creat$ ,be+6 ,= h[ inadequate mu/ ! utmo/ /ret* ( f9ite faculties be to repres5t inf9ity6 ,! />s1 dispos$ 9 con/ellations1 & surr\nd$ by conc5tric circles1 may p]haps assi/ ! imag9ation a little3 ,! attempt 9 ,,sc5e ,v4 if n admir$1 we hope w be =giv54 ,b 0 x possible we c\ld actually take our flight into inf9ite space1 or be borne on ! w+s ( lightn+1 to ! mo/ di/ant fix$ ,/> we c n[ see1 ev5 !re1 p]haps1 we %\ld f9d ourselves on ! conf9es ( creation1 & see z _m />s be=e u z we left beh9d6 ,= space has nei!r top nor bottom 9 x3 x is a circle ^: c5tre is e :]e1 b ^: circumf]5ce is no :]e6 ,ev5 sy/ems !mselves may h revolutions r\nd "o ano!r2 & acc\nt = t diff]5ce ( di/ance t we are con/antly obs]v+ to arise among/ ! fix$ />s2 = new />s appe>1 rise into magnitude1 & !n dim9i% & disappe>1 :i* w\ld also be acc\nt$ = by suppos+ t our ,sun himself is 9 progressive motion t[>ds "s "p ( inf9ite space1 & c>ry+ 8 sy/em ( worlds along ) him4 ,/>s ( ! fir/ magnitude1 9 ,flam/$'s "t1 dw9dle into ^? ( ! ?ird or f\r?1 9 our "t4 ,"s ( ! />s *ange _! magnitude p]iodically3 z ,algol1 9 ,m$usa's ,head1 :i* rises f ! ?ird magnitude to ! second1 9 two days & tw5ty-"o h\rs4--,:]e su* p]iodical disappe>ances are %ort1 !y h be5 ref]r$ ) probability to quick revolutions ( su* />s on _! axis1 ) "p ( _! disk opaque2 or to ! regul> int]v5tion ( "s v consid]able ,planet to int]cept !m f u4 ,b re-appe>ances ( ?is k9d1 aft] v long int]vals1 w\ld indicate r a revolution 9 a great orbit4 ,by analogy we conclude1 t at a prop] di/ance our ,sun w\ld dw9dle into a fix$ ,/> among ! re/1 & 8 sy/em ( worlds disappe>4 ,n[ z we see t almo/ e p>ticle ( our globe sw>ms ) life & animals1 we _c suppose ! o!r bodies ( our sy/em to be only int5d$ z a fa9t spangle = mortals to gaze at2 m especially z !y are z well calculat$ = inhabitants z ours1 revolv+ z regul>ly r\nd ! same ,sun1 & seem+ to h e o!r conv5i5ce = rational & brute inhabitants#e4 ,b to c>ry ?is idea into inf9ite space2 to recognize ,suns & ,sy/ems1 above u1 bel[ u1 to ! ,ea/1 ! ,we/1 ! ,nor?1 ! ,s\?2 to consid] ea* ,sun z ! c5tre ( a sy/em l ours1 & e _w inhabit$6--,9 %ort1 ! a/oni%$ fancy turns r\nd1 & is entirely lo/ & sunk 9 ! abyss ( nature6 ,well might ! ,psalmi/ say1 t1 8,! heav5s decl>e ! glory ( ,god1 & ! firmam5t %ewe? 8 h&y "w40 ,well might he express himself z ov]:elm$ ) ! idea ( ! p[] & omnipres5ce ( ! ,deity2 s9ce all our discov]ies s]ve only to conv9ce u1 t a progress ( inexpressible ext5t1 cont9u$ ?r\gh ages )\t numb]1 w\ld f9d u e :]e1 z "h1 surr\nd$ ) 8 inf9ite en]gy1 et]nity1 & imm5sity1 fill$ ) 8 vital pres5ce4 ,illu/ration ,,footnotes #a ,h] m\nta9s by "s h be5 calculat$ n9e miles high2 b ,dr4 ,h]s*ell's telescopes1 :i* magnify #fejj times1 h r$uc$ h] highe/ hills to ab\t two miles4 ,mr4 ,%roet] appreh5ds t ! m\nta9 ,leibnitz is n less ?an #be1jjj feet high4 ,! ,crat]s ( ! ,moon are f #d to #ae miles diamet]4 ,he discov]s "s new spots on ! ,moon1 & calculates h] atmosph]e to be #ecgf feet high1 an height s inconsid]able t x might escape our be/ telescopes or mo/ m9ute obs]vations4 #b ,x is r curi\s h[ ! anti5ts saw s mu* ( him z t 8 p]iod 0 tol]ably guess$1 at lea/ s f> back z ! days ( ,cic]o4--,de ,nat4 ,deor4 ,,ii4 #bj4 ,!y knew x to be less ?an ! ,e>?'s3 :i*1 ?\gh f> f accurate1 0 a ne>] calculation ?an c\ld be !n expect$4 ,& ?is is ! m rem>kable if ,cic]o _h x f ,plato1 & he f gypt & ,syria4 #c ,if ! ,e>? turn$ r\nd its axis 9 #hd m9utes & #dc seconds1 ! c5trifugal =ce w\ld be equal to ! p[] ( gravity at ! equator2 & all bodies !re w\ld entirely lose _! weight4 ,if ! ,e>? revolv$ quick]1 !y w\ld all fly (f & leave x4 #d ,! velocity ( a cannon-ball is ab\t eight miles p] m9ute4 ,( ! ,comet 9 its p]ihelion #ad1fjj ,( ,light #ab1jjj1jjj #e ,p]haps ! inhabitants ( "o sy/em may be de/9$ successively to pass f planet to planet1 & f sy/ems to o!r sy/ems4 ,?is w\ld answ]1 on an imm5se scale1 to ! analogy exi/+ on ,e>?4 ,x is /at$ z a conjecture ) mu* en]gy & beauty 9 a late "w4 ,illu/rat4 ( ,proph4 ,t4 ,,ii4 p4 #eeg1 ,anno #agif4 ,,diss]tation ,,on ,,! ,,probable ,,cause ,,( ,,! ,deluge4 ,s p]fect are ! laws by :i* ?is wond]ful sy/em is regulat$1 & s effectual t ,self-physic :i* ! ,almighty has in/itut$ ?r\gh all 8 works1 t if any seem+ disord] happ5s 9 ! sy/em1 !re requires no imm$iate int]position to prev5t or cure ! mis*ief3 ea* body c>ry+ )9 itself ! pr9ciples ( pres]vation & cure2 an argum5t ( wisdom & =esight wor?y ( ! ,deity6 ,! ,planet ,jupit] 0 attract$ out ( 8 orbit by ! enorm\s ,comet :i* appe>$ 9 ! ye> #afhj4 ,! ,comet com+ across ! plane ( 8 track1 _h a tempor>y influ5ce ^u him2 & x is obs]vable1 he has n travell$ by ! same fix$ />s s9ce t p]iod :i* he did be=e x2 & no d\bt b 8 usual motion 0 mom5t>ily ret>d$1 & ! %ape ( 8 orbit alt]$4 ,n[ if ,jupit] consi/s ( l& & wat] 7& by ! spots se5 on 8 face x is m ?an probable7 x is possible he might exp]i5ce a revolution some?+ simil> to our flood2 = t our flood 0 occasion$ by ! ne> approa* ( a ,comet1 is a mo/ natural supposition1 & 9 no wise militates aga9/ ! scriptural doctr9e ( t ev5t3 x be+ z easy1 & z consi/5t = ! ,almighty1 to r5d] ju/ice by a second>y cause1 z by an imm$iate int]position4 ,nor is 8 attribute ( m]cy arraign$ by ! promiscu\s de/ruction ! deluge occasion$2 = x is evid5t1 by reason+ f 8 works1 t he gov]ns ! univ]se by 8g5]al1 n by p>tial laws40 ,! ve/iges ( ! ,deluge are s rem>kable1 bo? on ! surface & )9 ! b[els ( ! ,e>?1 t if exam9$ )\t prejudice1 !y prove1 ,i ?9k1 beyond a d\bt1 t awful revolution to h be5 ! "w ( a ,comet4 ,n t ! moi/ure ( its tail dr[n$ ! ,_w1 z 0 unphilosophically sugge/$ by ,:i/on2 b if ! attraction ( ! ,moon be capable ( rais+ ! wat] ( ! sea above its common level1 :at effects might n be suppos$ f ! ne> approa* ( a body p]haps _m ?\s& times l>g] ?an ! ,moon8 ,if a tide by su* an attraction 0 rais$ ?ree or f\r miles above ! level ( ! ,sea1 ! ,e>?1 by turn+ on its axis1 w\ld h t protub]ance dragg$ ov] ! l&1 & its surface w\ld be pl[$ up into ^? inequalities we call m\nta9s2 = t m\nta9s are n ( et]nal duration1 is evid5t f _! gr[+ less1 ev5 9 ! memory ( man4 ,= e ?+ t5ds to a level4 ,ra9s fall+ on m\nta9s wa% d[n _! asp]ities2 ?is matt] bemuds ! riv]s1 & banks out ! sea2 rocks !mselves yield up _! fanta/ic =ms to ! effects ( air1 wat]1 & heat2 & l& has be5 gr[+ into ! wat] ev] s9ce ! ,deluge4 ,b :y %\ld all assemblages ( m\nta9s be arrang$ l little ridges ( s& on ! sea %ore8 ,d\btless by hav+ be5 produc$ by a sup]ior tide1 & left to dry by an unreturn+ sea4 ,almo/ all great ranges ( m\nta9s run ,nor? & ,s\?2 ! ,&es ( ! ,cordell]as2 ! m\nta9s ( ! ,moon 9 ,africa2 ! ,dophranes1 ,caucasus1 ,allegany1 c4--! ,alps & ,pyr5ees except$4 ,z ,comets visit our sy/em 9 all directions1 :y might n t 9 "q h its motion f ,nor? to ,s\?1 & dragg+ ! sea aft] x1 det]m9e ! m\nta9s to ^? po9ts ( ! compass8 ,:5ce come ! %ells & fi% bones we meet ) on ! tops ( ! highe/ m\nta9s8 ,we h n discov]$ any p[] 9 nature dispos$ to "w su* quantities ( !m ?ro' ! b[els ( ! ,e>?2 & inde$ imag9ation has n yet be5 s wild z to c>ry !m ?i!r3 !y are n a =tuit\s assemblage ( atoms assum+ su* =ms2 n lusus natur1 b bona fide1 %ells & fi% bones1 su* z we meet ) on ! sea %ore6 ,we f9d !m also deep buri$ 9 ! b[els ( ! gr\nd1 f> f ! sea2 we f9d !m 9 rocks1 & (t5 conv]t$ into /one3 nay1 may n ! fat ( fi%1 jo9$ ) vegetable sub/ances1 =m ! bitum5 ( coal8 ,we h exp]im5ts t w>rant su* a sugge/ion4 ,n[ if ev] ! ,sea 0 dragg$ ov] ! surface ( ! ,e>? by ! attraction ( a ,comet1 ^! effects mu/ naturally foll[4 ,9 digg+ into ! b[els ( ! ,e>?1 we h /ill /rong] evid5ce t ! flood 0 occasion$ by ! ne> approa* ( a ,comet4 ,x is well asc]ta9$1 t ! unit$ attraction ( e atom ( ! ,e>? =ms t ,e>? into a d5se ball1 & n any p>ticul> attraction 9 its c5tre4--,all matt] be+ !re=e affect$ by ?is p[] 9 proportion to its d5sity1 "o might conclude t ! heavie/ bodies w\ld lie deepe/1 & ! lighte/ ne> ! surface1 b ?is is by no means ! case3 ,coal is light] ?an /one2 v>i\s m9]als lie ^u light e>?s1 c4 evid5tly prov+1 t ! g5]al ord] ( nature has at "s "t be5 di/urb$1 & ! mann] 9 :i* matt] obeys ! laws ( gravity dis>rang$4 ,h5ce ! philosophic m9] f9ds /rata ( v>i\s d5sity 9 digg+ d[nw>ds2 & 9 pursu+ 8 ve9 ( ore1 f9ds ^! /rata brok5 & divid$2 nay1 if he loses ! ve91 he c easily tell :]e to f9d x aga91 by ! mann] 9 :i* x broke (f4 ,9 ?is he nev] is mi/ak53 ,he sees1 z x 71 ?r\gh _m fa?oms ( ,e>?6 evid5tly sugge/+1 t "s revolution on ! ,e>? has brok5 up its naturally arrang$ /rata1 & introduc$ ?is 8regul> confusion40 ,! v>i\s /rata ( ! ,e>? seldom lie on "o ano!r horizontally3 !y g5]ally dip2 & ne> ! %ore commonly incl9e t[>ds ! sea4 ,on ! ,s\? coa/ ( ,engl&1 ! rocks incl9e ,s\!rly2 on ! opposite coa/ ( ,france !y incl9e to ! ,nor?4 ,is x n probable1 t at ! ,deluge1 ! horizontal /ratum 0 brok5 betwe5 ^! c\ntries3 & ! ends fall+ l[e/ at ! brea*1 =m$ ! *annel1 into :i* ! sea fl[$1 :5 x lo/ ! influ5ce ( ! ,comet1 & aga9 obey$ ! p[] ( gravity8 ,c\ntries sep>at$ by n>r[ *annels1 univ]sally h _! %ores incl9+ t[>ds ! sea2 %ew+ t ! g5]al geography 0 at t "t alt]$4 ,x is true1 we h an old doctr9e reviv$1 & support$ by respectable au?ority1 t m\nta9s 7 =m$ orig9ally by ^? eruptions we call volcanos4 ,! vot>ies ( ?is !ory pron\nce ! holl[s & cavities on ! tops & sides ( m\nta9s1 ,crat]s1 or ! cups ( ext+ui%$ volcanos2 & if ! /one ( ! m\nta9 be ( a blui% col\r1 !n x is decl>$ ,lava2 & ! pro( ( a volcano hav+ exi/$ !re becomes incontrov]tible6 ,hi/ory1 h[ev]1 af=ds u v few in/ances ( m\nta9s s =m$4 ,yet ?is doctr9e seems to h receiv$ v j au?ority f ! la/ sci5tific circumnavigators4 ,! rocks :i* surr\nd ! isl&s ( ! ,pacific ,ocean1 g5]ally break (f p]p5dicul>ly ab\t a mile out at sea1 :i* makes _! approa* v difficult & dang]\s2 & z ! /ratum imm$iately "u ! loam ( ! surface has an a%y1 or lava-l appe>ance1 ! voyag]s v naturally conclud$1 t ! imm5se numb] ( small isl&s :i* /ud t ext5sive ocean1 7 ! product ( subaque\s eruptions4 ,/ill if ,i might be all[$ to haz>d an op9ion aga9/ su* respectable au?ority1 ,i %\ld r appreh5d t ! ,pacific ,ocean _h be5 once a cont95t1 & t at ! ,deluge1 :5 ! ,e>?'s surface 0 dis>rang$ & brok5 up by ! viol5t motion ( ! wat]s1 ! g5]al body ( x sunk b5ea? ! level1 or 0 wa%$ away to o!r p>ts1 leav+ only ! m elevat$ & solid "p rema9+4 ,= volcanos ?r[ up matt] piece-meal2 isl&s1 !re=e1 =m$ by !m1 w\ld h a slop+1 or gradually s9k+ %ore3 :]eas ! isl&s ( ! ,great ,s\? ,sea are surr\nd$ by p]p5dicul> rocks1 t s9k 9 t direction to an almo/ unfa?omable dep? 9 ! sea4 ,besides1 h[ c we acc\nt = t simil>ity ( mann]s1 cu/oms1 col\r1 & ev51 language1 among ! inhabitants ( isl&s s di/ant1 t no mode ( navigation !y practice c\ld ev] make !m acqua9t$1 or h any communication ) "o ano!r8 ,if ^! isl&s 7 ?r[n up f ! bottom ( ! sea1 _! inhabitants w\ld n be ?r[n up ) !m1 & all ) ! same cu/om & language4 ,n[ if ?is imm5se "p ( ! globe 0 a cont95t be=e ! ,deluge1 ! inhabitants might be alike2 & if ! elevat$ p>ts 7 above ! subsid+ wat]1 7a circum/ance m ?an probable7 inhabitants might be sav$ ^u !m1 ) e circum/ance ( simil>ity we f9d among !m2 = t revolution is n ( s remote a date1 b rema9s ( ant$iluvian mann]s might exi/ at ?is "t4 99 99 99 99 99 ,sic undique omni ratione concluditur1 m5te consilioque div9o omnia 9 hoc mundo ad salutem omnium cons]vationemque adm9i/r>i4 ,quo ,spectaculo nihil pote/ admirabilius esse1 nihil pul*rius4 ,quid tam ap]tum1 tamque p]spicuum1 cm clum suspeximus1 cle/iaque contemplati sumus1 qum aliquod esse ,num5 pr/antissim m5tis1 qua hc regantur8 ,,cic4 ,,de ,,nat4 ,,deor4 ,heads ( ,mr4 ,walk]1 s54's ,lectures1 ,,9 ,,conduit-,,/reet1 ,,hanov]-,,squ>e1 ,read e ,monday1 ,w$nesday1 ,friday1 dur+ ,w9t]1 ,,at ,,"o1 ,on an ,explanatory ,app>atus1 ,! mo/ ext5sive & elegant4 ,,"o ,,gu9ea ,,! ,,c\rse4 ,i4 ,on ! g5]al ,prop]ties ( ,matt]1 ,magnetism1 c4 ,,ii4 ,on ! ,laws ( ,motion1 ,me*anics1 ,ma*9es ( ,agriculture1 ,mills1 ,cranes1 c4 ,,iii4 ,on ! ,pr9ciples ( ,*emi/ry4 ,,iv4 ,on ,pneumatics1 or ! ,weight & ,spr+ ( ! ,air1 ,musical ,vibrations1 c4 ,v4 ,on ! ,gasses & new ,discov]ies 9 ! ,air4 ,,vi4 ,on ! ,hydro/atics1 or ! ,motion & ,pressure ( ,wat]1 ,canals1 ,aqu$ucts1 ,ma*9es1 ,%ips1 c4 ,,vii4 ,on ,electricity1 its ,laws1 ,effects1 ,circuits1 ,%ocks1 c4 ,,viii4 ,ditto1 negative & positive1 ,lightn+1 ,?und]1 ,galvanism1 ,m$ical ,electricity1 c4 ,,ix4 ,on ,optics1 ,laws ( ,light1 ,vision1 ,l5ses1 c4 ,x4 ,on ! ,figure & ,motions ( ! ,e>?4 ,,xi4 ,on ! ,phases1 ,eclipses1 c4 ( ! ,moon1 & on ! ,tides4 ,,xii4 ,on ! ,sol> ,sy/em 9 g5]al1 ) ! new ,discov]ies4 ,?is ,c\rse may be read privately = #ej ,gu9eas1 or to ,g5]al ,subscription am\nt+ to #gj ,gu9eas1 on application to ,mess4 ,walk]1 s54 or jun4 ,ipswi*3 pr9t$ by ,burrell ,bransby4