! art & ! romance ( indian basketry cl>k field cl>k field collection philbrook art c5t] tulsa #aifd ,publi%$ by ,philbrook ,art ,c5t] ,tulsa1 ,oklahoma #aifd ,,=eword ,! autobiographical in=mation ab\t ,mr4 ,cl>k ,field1 :i* appe>s at ! end ( ?is bro*ure1 briefly tells ! inspir+ /ory ( well ov] f\r decades ( d$ication to--& s9c]e belief 9--! ,am]ican ,indian z a creative arti/4 ,! results ( ^! _m ye>s ( collect+ ,indian baskets 7& pott]y7 are on p]man5t display at ,philbrook ,art ,c5t]1 9 ! ,cl>k ,field ,collection2 9 addition1 _m o!r specim5s are 9 /orage & available to ! s*ol> 9 ! /udy collection4 ,?is bro*ure is n int5d$ z a catalogue ( all ( ! baskets 9 ! ,cl>k ,field ,collection1 :i* includes m ?an a ?\s& specim5s4 ,r1 x s]ves z an introduction to ,indian basketry & tells ! /ory ( h[ baskets 7 made & us$4 ,ab\t #ij ( ! m important baskets are illu/rat$1 includ+ ! mo/ fam\s ,am]ican ,indian basket1 wov5 by ,dotsolalee reproduc$ 9 color on ! cov]4 ,mr4 ,field has comb9$ 8 en?usiasm = ! art ( ,indian basketry ) a high degree ( sci5tific s*ol>%ip4 ,he has kept c>eful records1 :i* w become increas+ly valuable z old specim5s become ev5 m r>e & ?is ,indian skill gradually dies out 9 ?is mod]n _w4 ,8 daught]1 ,doro?y ,field ,maxwell1 has assi/$ ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,field 9 _! collection & ) ! prep>ation ( ?is bro*ure4 ,mrs4 ,jeanne ,snodgrass1 ,curator ( ,indian ,art at ,philbrook1 has also assi/$ ) ! bro*ure 9 an editorial capacity4 ,mr4 ,field has p]=m$ an invaluable s]vice to humanity 9 8 long d$ication to ! pres]vation ( ?is mo/ important facet ( ! orig9al ,am]icans1 & ,philbrook ,art ,c5t] w be1 = c\ntless g5]ations1 a mecca = ^? :o wi% to enjoy ?is fasc9at+ utilit>ian1 yet e/hetically mean+ful art =m4 ,donald ,g4 ,humphrey ,director ,philbrook ,art ,c5t] ,cl>k ,field ,,basketry ,! ne$ = food conta9]s 9 e>ly human communities l$ to ! 8inv5tion0 ( basketry4 ,! fir/ baskets may h be5 made ( animal sk9 or twigs2 b soon evolv$ into ! use ( m suitable mat]ials su* z vegetable fibres4 ,because ( ! organic mat]ials us$ 9 mak+ baskets1 mo/ ( ! e>lie/ examples h be5 lo/ ?r\gh decay4 ,a few examples h be5 pres]v$ b only 9 areas ( extremely dry climate1 su* z 9 ,egypt1 9 ,*ile & ,p]u 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & 9 ! s\?we/]n ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,radioc>bon te/s ( wov5 artifacts e/abli% ! exi/5ce & ! use ( baskets 9 ,nevada1 ,utah & ,oregon z e>ly z #ijjj to #gjj ,b4,c41 & t ,egyptians ( ! pre-dyna/ic p]iod 7c4 #ejjj ,b4,c47 us$ baskets4 ,e>ly lit]>y s\rces1 su* z ! ,bible1 m5tion baskets & o!r wov5 articles su* z ! 8ark ( bulru%es0 9 :i* ! infant ,moses 0 hidd5 7,exod4 #b3 #c1 #ec72 baskets 7 us$ to br+ ! ti!s to ! temple1 & ,mat!w talk$ ( 8twelve baskets full40 7,matt4 #ad3 #bj47 ,9 ! /udy ( ,am]ican ,indian baskets !re are ?ree major factors to be consid]$3 ! fir/ is ! tribe :i* produc$ ! basket2 ! second is ! language1 s9ce int]-m>riage among tribes produc$ v>y+ cultures2 ! ?ird factor is ! weave ( ! basket itself4 ,= example1 ! five major weaves us$ by ,am]ican ,indians are3 ,coil1 ,tw9e1 ,twill1 ,wick] & ,imbricat$4 ,to ! novice !re is ! obvi\s diff]5ce 9 %ape1 color & texture ( a collection ( ,indian baskets view$ 9 a museum4 ,to ! collector !re is ! h9t ( ! :ole patt]n ( life ( ! ,indians :o produc$ ! basket4 ,! mat]ials us$ 9 any p>ticul> basket reflect ! locale ( ! tribe :i* produc$ x1 = ! ,indian us$ mat]ials t 7 at h&4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,*]okees1 a native v>iety ( r$ honey suckle produc$ runn]s t 7 us$ by t tribe 9 ,virg9ia 9 a wick]-type weave4 ,9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 ! same tribe utiliz$ ! ,japanese honeysuckle1 :ile 9 ,oklahoma ! tribe us$ buckbru% runn]s4 ,9 ,arizona1 ! ,pimas wove split will[ twigs & ! black ,m>tyna or 8,devil's ,claw0 ( _! des]t l&s4 ,x is ! ,indian woman1 n ! man1 :o makes baskets 7except = few in/ances1 i4e41 ! ,papago c>ry+ basket74 ,!y are made ei!r = utilit>ian use or = c]emonial use4 ,basket designs are n taught to ! craftsman nor are !y copi$ f a patt]n book4 ,!y are creat$ by ! individual weav] :o is an arti/ ( great ability4 ,! arti/-craftsman mu/ fir/ develop a mann] ( weav+ t w =m a %ape adequate = ! basket's f9al use4 ,%e mu/ !n f9d suitable mat]ials 9 h] area = ?is weav+ project4 ,?is /ep complet$1 %e m5tally creates a decorative design & inv5ts a me?od ( weav+ x into ! basket4 ,x is kn[n t all ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian tribes1 at "s "t 9 _! hi/ory1 made & us$ baskets4 ,h[ev]1 ! f9e/ & mo/ decorative baskets 7 made ab\t ! middle ( ! #ai? c5tury1 9 ! ,nor?we/1 d[n ! ,pacific ,coa/ /ates & into ! ,s\?we/ ?r\gh ,arizona & ,new ,mexico4 ,9 #aice !re 7 m ?an five hundr$ ,pima ,indians mak+ baskets = _! own use4 ,n[ !re are less ?an six good weav]s on t res]vation4 ,today ,papago ,indians make "s baskets = t\ri/ trade1 b n ne>ly z _m z !y made a few ye>s ago4 ,! ,hopi ,indians br+ a few baskets to m>ket places1 b !re are few] & few] ea* ye>4 ,= example3 at ! #aifd ,int]-,tribal ,indian ,c]emonials1 ,gallup1 ,new ,mexico1 !re 7 =ty classifications 9 ! basketry competition--baskets 7 submitt$ to only tw5ty-sev5 classifications4 ,!re are "s basket weav]s among o!r tribes b = ! mo/ "p1 few tribes today may be call$ 8basket mak]s40 ,! influ5ce ( o!r culture gr\ps ^u ! craft ( basket weav+ is s great t ea* ye> few] baskets are produc$ by ! regul> weav]s4 ,! ,indian wom5 h le>n$ t !y c secure mass produc$ articles z a sub/itute = baskets4 ,only two p]c5t ( ! types ( baskets includ$ 9 ?is collection are n[ be+ made4 ,x is q probable t by ! ye> #bjjj !re w be ,,no ,indian baskets be+ wov54 ,,e>ly ,,basketry ,oz>k ,m\nta9s ( ,arkansas ,v few p are aw>e t baskets 7 made by ! ,oz>k 8,bluff ,dwell]s40 ,a special exhibit 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,arkansas ,museum1 ,fayetteville1 conta9s a small basket fill$ ) gras%opp]s4 ,! ,univ]sity ,museum po9ts out t z long ago z ! ye> #a ,a4,d41 baskets 7 be+ made by ,indians 9 ! ,oz>k ,area4 ,?is provides fur!r evid5ce ( ! ,indian's e>ly inhabitance ( ?is c\ntry4 ,,baskets ,,:i* ,,are ,,no ,,long] ,,made--,,& ,,:y ,case ,no4 #e3 ,^! tightly wov5 baskets made by ,?l9kits ( ,alaska1 7 wov5 f spruce tree roots :i* 7 split by h&4 ,! baskets 7 us$ to hold boil+ wat] = clam cook+4 ,! fib]s swell$ to su* an ext5t t wat] c\ld be reta9$ 9 ! basket = z long z five h\rs4 ,today ?is tribe pur*ases a kettle or bucket = _! boil+ ne$s4 7,see ,plate #i;c7 ,case ,no4 #g3 ,^! l>ge ,apa*e baskets us$ = /or+ gra91 7 made ab\t #ahgd4 ,x requir$ z long z ?ree mon?s to produce ?is type ( specim5 & s9ce #aiad v few h be5 made4 ,! tw5ty-five c5t burlap sack has replac$ x4 7,see ,plate #f;c7 ,case ,no4 #i3 ,?is ,co*iti bird cage1 made ( a yucca plant1 has be5 replac$ by metal bird cages4 ,,ideas ,,copi$ ,,f ,,indian ,,baskets ,! ,anglo appropriat$ _m ,indian basket ideas = 8 own use3 ,! ,p5obscot col&] 0 f\nd 9 use z su* among ! p ( ?is ,ma9e tribe & 0 made ab\t #ahda4 ,x is q possible t we took ?is z a patt]n = our own metal col&]s4 7,see ,plate #aj;a7 ,x is also q possible t we copi$ ! patt]n ( ! ,catawba1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 fi% trap = our own m9n[ trap4 7,see ,plate #d;a7 ,,baskets ,,( ,,unique ,,designs ,,& ,,uses ,! av]age weav] does n use m ?an five or six figures 9 a design4 ,case ,no4 #c3 ,mission ( ,cali=nia--a quail & fly+ duck design4 7,see ,plate #aa;b7 ,case ,no4 #c3 ,%o%one 7,panam9t71 ,dea? ,valley ,cali=nia--,oriole design food b[l4 7,see ,plate #aa;c7 ,case ,no4 #i3 ,*octaw ( ,oklahoma--,wall ,pocket4 7,see ,plate #af;c7 ,case ,no4 #i3 ,niantic ( ,connecticut--clo!s r9s+ basket4 7,see ,plate #ai;d7 ,case ,no4 #aj3 ,*itima*a ( ,l\isiana--an alligator inte/9e design4 7,see ,plate #ae;c7 ,case ,no4 #aa3 ,%o%one 7,panam9t71 ,dea? ,valley1 ,cali=nia--sev5ty figures 9 ! design2 includ+ ! ,am]ican ,eagle1 cr[ 9 a tree1 rocky m\nta9 %eep1 & liz>d tracks 9 ! s&4 7,see ,plate #f;b7 ,case ,no4 #aa3 ,qu9ault ( ,wa%+ton--,clam ga!r+ basket4 7,see ,plate #ad;b7 ,case ,no4 #ab3 ,cahuilla ( ,cali=nia--food platt] rattlesnake design4 7,see ,plate #ab;a7 ,case ,no4 #ab3 ,*emehueve ( ,arizona--a 8/9k bug0 design4 7,see ,plate #ab;c7 ,case ,no4 #ab3 ,yavapai ,apa*e ( ,arizona--a t>antula design4 7,see ,plate #ab;d7 ,case ,no4 #ac3 ,paiute ( ,nevada--porridge b[l4 7,see ,plate #aj;b7 ,case ,no4 #ac3 ,hoopa ( ,cali=nia--gr9d+ tray & /one4 7,see ,plate #aj;d7 ,,! ,,vani%+ ,,indian8 ,! vani%+ ,indian8 ,he is n vani%+6 ,9 #ahij1 ! ,indian population 9 ,nor? ,am]ica numb]$ ab\t "o qu>t] million & 9 #aifc1 records reveal !re are ov] "o million ,indians4 ,,symbolic ,,designs8 ,!re is ! mi/ak5 idea t "o tribe 8und]/&s0 ! designs ( ano!r tribe & t !re is symbolism1 or mean+1 to e design4 ,actually1 mo/ designs are purely decorative r5d]+s & !y h no m symbolism = ! ,indian ?an a fabric design has = ! g5]al public4 ,! id5tification ( a basket is made n ?r\gh ! int]pretation ( a 8my/]i\s mean+0 ( ! design b g5]ally f ! design motif itself4 ,= in/ance1 baskets made by tribes ( s\!rn ,cali=nia are di/+ui%able to ! tra9$ eye s9ce !y t5d to be ( a p>ticul>ly heavy1 bold & angul> /yle4 ,!y seldom h my/]i\s mean+s6 7,see ,plate #ab;b7 ,,basketry ,we/]n ,apa*e--,arizona & ,new ,mexico ,case ,no4 #ac3 ,at "o "t x 0 n difficult to id5tify ,apa*e ,basketry by tribal "n1 su* z3 ,san ,c>los1 ,*iricahua1 ,tonto1 & ,yavapai4 ,today x is n possible to id5tify baskets z belong+ to a p>ticul> ,apa*e tribe4 ,dur+ ! n9ete5? c5tury ^! s\?we/ tribes wag$ cont9ual w>f>e ) ! ,anglos & ,spani>ds :o _h settl$ 9 ! area4 ,attempts 7 made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates gov]nm5t to e/abli% treaties4 ,h[ev]1 newly writt5 treaties 7 brok5 be=e ! ink dri$6 ,ab\t #ahhj1 ! army r\nd$ up all ! ,apa*es ( ,arizona & ,new ,mexico & took !m z prison]s to ! ,san ,c>los ,res]vation4 ,!re !y rema9$ conf9$ = sev]al ye>s4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ( conf9em5t ! basket weav]s copi$ designs & weav+ te*niques f "o ano!r4 ,:5 ! tribes 7 releas$ & all[$ to return to _! respective res]vations ! 8new0 /yles ( basketry 7 cont9u$4 ,z a result ( ?is situation1 today we f9d baskets wov5 by ^! tribes to be s simil> 9 appe>ance t def9ite tribal affiliation _c be det]m9$4 ,!y are !re=e classifi$ only z ,we/]n ,apa*e baskets4 7,see ,plate #ac;a7 ,,datsolalee #aiah ,wa%oe--,we/]n ,nevada ,case ,no4 #c3 ,?is basket 0 made by ,dabuda 7,"y ,will[74 ,%e 0 lat] giv5 ! nick-"n ( ,datsolalee 7,broad 9 ! ,hips7 & is be/ kn[n by ?is "n s9ce lat] 9 life %e tipp$ ! scales at #cej p\nds4 ,on ,m>* #bf1 #aiag1 ,datsolalee />t$ weav+ ?is specim5 :i* is fifty-two in*es 9 circumf]5ce & has m ?an #ajj1jjj /it*es 7m ?an ?irty to ! in*74 ,elev5 mon?s lat]1 on ,febru>y #af1 #aiah1 %e complet$ ?is basket :i* is h] greate/ ma/]piece4 ,al?\gh made = c]emonial use1 ! %ape is t ( a food b[l4 ,! :ite backgr\nd is made ( peel$ twig f ! ,m\nta9 ,will[2 ! black color is ! root ( a ,brack51 or giant f]n2 ! r$di%-br[n is b>k f ! ,nevada ,r$bud4 ,to h] ! design meant3 ,we assemble to discuss ! happy lives ( our ance/ors4 ,%ortly aft] ! completion ( ?is basket ! weav] lo/ h] eyesight4 ,%e di$ at ! age ( #ie 9 #aibf4 ,9 #aieh ! ,u4 ,s4 ,indian ,arts & ,crafts ,bo>d1 ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 rat$ ?is basket z probably ! f9e/ specim5 ( basketry ev] produc$4 ,dur+ h] lifetime1 ,datsolalee made only =ty-six l>ge scale baskets4 ,dur+ ! summ] mon?s %e c\ld (t5 be f\nd at ! resort area ( ,lake ,tahoe1 ,cali=nia1 weav+ m9iature basketry :i* %e sold to t\ri/s = small sums4 ,9 #aiad1 ,mrs4 ,h5rietta ,k4 ,burton1 f ! ,bureau ( ,indian ,affairs 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4,c41 visit$ ! arti/'s home 9 ,c>son ,city1 ,nevada4 ,mrs4 ,burton made num]\s photographs ( ,datsolalee & h] baskets = use 9 f$]al publications :i* dealt ) ,indian basketry4 ,s9ce t "t ^! photos h appe>$ 9 _m o!r basketry publications4 ,due to ! arti/'s reputation & ability1 z well z ! arti/ry & craftsman%ip ( ?is specim5 x is valu$ at #bjjj4 ,x is d\btful su* a basket c\ld ev] aga9 be produc$--no weav] today %[s ability su* z t ( ,datsolalee4 ,h] baskets are s\ght by collectors ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,9 #aiad1 ,g4 ,a4 ,/e9]1 ( ,pittsburgh1 ,p5nsylvania1 pur*as$ ! f9e/ basket ! arti/ _h produc$ up to t "t4 ,x is =ty-n9e in*es 9 circumf]5ce & has m ?an eighty ?\s& /it*es4 ,x 0 pur*as$ = #aiej1 & add$ to ! ,c>negie ,libr>y ,collection 9 ,pittsburgh 7?is 0 ! highe/ price ev] paid = a s+le ,indian basket74 ,philbrook's ,datsolalee basket has receiv$ int]national recognition4 ,x may be se51 9 color1 9 ,indian ,art 9 ,am]ica1 by ,fr$]ick ,j4 ,dock/ad] 7,new ,york ,graphic ,society1 #aifj7 & 9 ! magaz9e ,am]ica 7,no4 #fg7 :i* 0 di/ribut$ by ! ,u4 ,s4 ,in=mation ,ag5cy & pr9t$ 9 ,russian4 7,see ,plate #ag;a7 ,,utilit>ian--,,hi/orical c4 #ahce ,p5nacook--,nor!rn ,massa*usetts ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is basket is made ( a% spl9ts & is :ite on ! int]ior4 ,! ext]ior is decorat$ ) designs pa9t$ 9 native dyes us+ a swabb+ /ick :i* has be5 p\nd$ at "o end to =m a bru%4 ,?is e>lie/ kn[n type ( pa9t$-on decoration ceas$ ab\t #ahgj4 ,an approximate dat+ = ?is specim5 c be e/abli%$ f an ,april #b1 #ahce1 copy ( ! ,bo/on ,daily ,c\ri]1 :i* l9es ! basket lid4 7,see ,plate #b;d7 ,,utilit>ian--,,hi/orical ,wampanoag--,massa*usetts ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is v pla9 basket1 con/ruct$ ( br[n a% spl9ts1 0 au!nticat$ by ! late ,frank ,g4 ,speck1 int]nationally kn[n ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania an?ropologi/1 z be+ ,wampanoag4 ,! ,wampanoags1 n[ ext9ct1 7 a bran* ( ! ,massa*usetts ,algonqu9s4 ,?is specim5 0 made by a direct desc5dant ( ,k+ ,massasoit1 ! ,indian *ief :o met ! ,puritans at _! ,plym\? ,rock l&+ 9 #afba4 ,massasoit 0 ! fa!r ( ,k+ ,phillip1 = :om ! ,k+ ,phillip's ,indian ,w>s ( #afgf1 7 nam$4 7,see ,plate #b;c7 ,,c]emonial ,,w9e ,,basket c4 #ahcg ,papago--,arizona ,case ,no4 #d3 ,annually1 9 ,july :5 ! fruit ( ! ,sagu>o ,cactus is ripe1 ! ,papagos hold _! ,nahwehteete 7w9e dr9k+7 c]emony4 ,! purpose ( ?is c]emony is to (f] a pray] ( supplication to br+ ra94 ,w9e1 made f ! ,sagu>o 7call$ ,tizw97 is pass$ ar\nd 9 ?is basket & s]v$ f a g\rd dipp]4 ,betwe5 dances ! basket is us$ = /or+ ! sacr$ c]emonial p>aph]nalia us$ 9 ! dance4 ,! 8,keep] ( ! ,sacr$ ,basket0 seldom ev] p>ts ) ! basket4 ,!re=e1 n _m c be f\nd 9 public or private collections4 7,see ,plate #ag;b7 ,,mortu>y ,pomo--,nor!rn ,cali=nia ,case ,no4 #c3 ,! ,pomo ,indians are ! only tribe kn[n to h completely & fully decorat$ baskets ) fea!rs4 ,^! baskets 7 consid]$ to be ! tribe's highe/ arti/ic a*ievem5t4 ,x 0 a great honor to ! memory ( a deceas$ p]son :5 ?is type ( basket1 especially made = su* an occasion1 0 plac$ on 8 body at ! cremation c]emony4 ,x may be said t ! sacrifice ( ^! baskets 0 ! tribe's mo/ pr(\nd means ( %[+ respect at ! "t ( cremation4 ,! cu/om ( mak+ & us+ ^! baskets no long] prevails4 ,few p today "k ! art1 & ev5 few] p are will+ to devote ! ne>ly two ye>s to make "o fea!r$ basket4 ,at ! "t ?is c]emony 0 active 9 ! ,pomo culture1 ea* family _h sev]al su* baskets 9 res]ve4 ,x mu/ !re=e be assum$ t ! wom5 ( ! tribe devot$ a great deal ( _! "t produc+ ^! symbols to honor ! dead4 ,x is int]e/+ to comp>e cultures3 ,! ,pomo ,indian sacrific$ a "w ( art :i* took ab\t two ye>s to make--today's ,anglo society calls ! flori/ & ord]s a 8t5 doll> spray0 ( fl[]s4 ,?is basket on ! collector's m>ket is valu$ at ab\t #cjj4 7,see ,plate #ah;c #ah;d7 ,,jump+ ,,dance ,hoopa--,cali=nia ,case ,no4 #d3 ,! 8,jump+ ,dance ,basket0 receives its "n f a c]emony 9 :i* ! p>ticipants p]=m ) jump+ dance motions4 ,?is c]emony is a pray] ( supplication = ! return ( ! soil's f]tility4 ,x is held 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> on l& t has ceas$ to be> crops4 ,"s p "q ^! cu/oms1 & actually call !m m]e 8,indian sup]/itions40 ,x is reveal+ to note1 h[ev]1 t less ?an a c5tury ago ,anglos believ$ t ! *ildhood disease1 rickets1 c\ld be cur$ by splitt+ an a% tree at dawn1 & pass+ ! /rick5 *ild head-fir/ ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ! tree4 ,?is set ( ?ree baskets1 h&$ d[n f g5]ation to g5]ation1 0 secur$ f a m$ic9e man4 ,! baskets 7 made prior to #ahfj & no "o liv+ today seems to "k h[ to weave !m4 ,z a result1 ! baskets are q r>e1 & x is d\btful if ano!r su* set c\ld be obta9$4 7,see ,plate #ah;a7 ,,m\rn+ ,,b[l c4 #ahgj ,m5om9ee--,wiscons9 ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is r>e1 small bir* b>k pail is call$ a 8,m\rn+ ,b[l40 ,x is us$ dur+ ! ,fea/ ( ! ,dead1 a sacr$ c]emony :i* is held "o ye> aft] burial to honor ! deceas$4 ,dur+ ! ,c]emony ( ! ,m\rn+ ,b[l1 food is plac$ 9 ! b[l & pass$ to ! m\rn]s4 ,aft] ! c]emony1 ! basket conta9+ food is giv+ a f9al bless+ & is plac$ on ! grave ( ! deceas$4 7,see ,plate #ag;d7 ,,initiation ,,c]emony ,hopi--,arizona ,case ,no4 #d3 ,! ,soyal 7,pray] ,(f]+ ,c]emony7 ( ! religi\s organization1 ,kwan ,kwan ,tu 7,"o ,horn ,frat]nity71 is "p ( a boy's initiation c]emony at pub]ty4 ,! c]emony is held ma9ly 9 ! ,kiva 7und]gr\nd c]emonial *amb]71 f ,decemb] ?r\gh ,april4 ,"h ! novice meets 8 godfa!r = ! fir/ "t4 ,! design ( ! l>ge plaque 7at top ( plate7 repres5ts a s& pa9t+ :i* is execut$ on ! floor be=e ! ,kiva alt>4 ,! novice we>s only a bree*clo? z 8 godfa!r in/ructs him to kneel on ! pa9t+ & rubs him ) sacr$ corn meal1 :i* has be5 bless$ by ! ,cacique or religi\s lead]4 ,! significance ( ?is ritual is t ! novice's s9s & evil ?\ghts are wa%$ away4 ,! corn meal is !n tak5 outside & ca/ to ! w9ds1 ?us purify+ ! boy4 7,c5t] ( plate #bj3 basket b[l ) corn meal47 ,! wick] basket 7at bottom ( plate #bj7 is us$ 9 c>ry+ bean spr\ts & "y corn dur+ ! 8,febru>y ,twelve ,day0 ,kiva c]emony4 ,! spr\ts & corn1 signify+ new life = ! initiat$1 are eat5 by him z he takes ! num]\s v[s ( fai?4 ,! two small trays 7on ei!r side ( ! top-c5t] tray7 repres5t ! badges1 :i* are giv5 to ! newly initiat$ boy4 7,see ,plate #bj7 ,,w$d+ ,,basket ,navajo--,arizona ,case ,no4 #d3 ,! orig9 ( ! ,navajo basket ) ! 8,spid] ,woman's ,cross0 design dates back hundr$s ( ye>s4 ,x is no long] made4 ,z a sub/itute = _! own basket dur+ m>riage c]emonies1 ! ,navajo p (t5 use a ,paiute basket ( ! type %[n 9 ! upp] "r ( ! case4 7,see ,plate #ai;b7 ,! ,paiute basket is illu/rat$ on ,plate #ai;c4 ,,w$d+ ,,plaque ,hopi--,arizona ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is plaque is made ( yucca4 ,! gre5 color is unblea*$ yucca1 ! :ite is blea*$ yucca & ! black color is yucca :i* has be5 dy$ by us+ black sunfl[] se$s4 ,! plaque is call$ ,ko*ai9pi 7,:ite ,meal ,plaque71 & is wov5 by a prospective bride = use 9 ! w$d+ procession4 ,x is hung 9 ! newly m>ri$ c\ple's home aft]w>ds1 p>tly to commemorate ! occasion4 ,aft] ! w$d+ ! s+le-file procession proce$s to ! new home :i* has rec5tly be5 built by ! groom4 ,?is procession is l$ by ! bride's "m :o c>ries on h] head a l>ge pott]y b[l fill$ ) bak$ beans4 ,! bride foll[s next4 ,) bo? h&s %e c>ries a l>ge basket tray /ack$ ) ! piki bread 7a ?9 waf] ( bread--almo/ l p>*m5t7 :i* %e has made f blue corn meal mix$ ) sweet5$ siovi a%es & cook$ on a hot /one4 ,next 9 l9e are f\r male relatives ( ! bridegroom1 ea* hold+ a corn] ( a blanket on :i* re/s ! 8,:ite ,meal ,plaque40 ,! plaque fill$ & runn+ ov] ) ! :ite meal :i* ! bride _h gr\nd e>li]4 ,?us1 ! "y c\ple />t _! life toge!r ) an ample quantity ( food4 ,! spiritual connotation ( ! basket is ?is3 ,x is believ$ t at ! "t ( dea? an individual's s\l /&s on ! br9k ( ! ,maski 7or aft] _w2 9 ?is case lit]ally ! ,gr& ,canyon74 ,! s\l /eps onto ! 8,:ite ,meal ,plaque10 g5tly so>s ov] ! abyss1 & safely desc5ds to ! bottom4 ,?us ! s\l dep>ts to ! abid+ place ( ! dead & =ev] re/s 9 peace4 7,see ,plate #ai;a7 ,,w$d+ c4 #aicg ,pomo--,cali=nia ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is coil$ basket is cov]$ ) ! fea!rs ( ab\t two hundr$ quail4 ,! fea!rs :i* protrude f ! basket1 are f ! head ( ! ,valley ,quail1 or ,gambel's ,quail4 ,! d>k blue fea!rs are tak5 f diff]5t quails4 ,! decorative disk-l beads are fa%ion$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ! %ells are brok5 into small pieces & !n drill$ ) a pump drill4 ,!y are !n /rung on a cord & ! /r& is !n rubb$ on a wet s&/one until ! beads are r\nd & uni=m 9 size4 ,?is type ( basket 0 made by ! bride's "m & is consid]$ to be ! f9e/ example ( basketry produc$ by ,pomo ,indians4 ,! ,*imopika 7,d[ry ,basket7 is pres5t$ to ! bridegroom1 by ! weav]1 at ! w$d+ c]emony4 ,sweetmeats1 su* z cakes ( sug> f sug> sap trees1 are plac$ 9 ! basket & pass$ ar\nd to ! gue/s4 ,! m>ri$ c\ple reta9s ?is sacr$ mem5to ( ! m>riage c]emony z long z !y bo? live1 b if ei!r ( ! c\ple dies ! basket is sacrific$ 9 ! cremation c]emony4 ,?is basket 0 us$ 9 c]emonies prior to ab\t #ahhi4 ,!y are no long] made or us$4 ,?is basket 0 obta9$ 9 #aicg f an ,indian ,ag5t :o at t date /at$ he _h se5 only six baskets ( ?is type on ! res]vation s9ce #aijg4 7,see ,plate #ah;b7 ,,c]emonial--,,c>ry+ #aije ,:ite ,m\nta9 ,apa*e--,:ite ,riv]1 ,arizona ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is spl5did specim5 is wov5 ma9ly ( lemon bu%4 ,! :ite area is yucca plant & ! black area is 8,devil's ,claw10 or ,m>tyna4 ,?is basket 0 made by a ,:ite ,m\nta9 ,apa*e = use 9 ! 8,com+ ,out ,dance40 ,:5 an ,indian ,girl rea*es ! m>riageable age1 a 8,com+ ,out ,dance0 is giv5 9 h] honor4 ,! girl's relatives & fri5ds are invit$ to att5d ?is important traditional c]emony4 ,drumm]s provide music z ! girl & h] sponsor 7usually h] aunt7 dance on a rug or on ! sk9 ( an animal su* z ! be> or buffalo4 ,^! c]emonial baskets are plac$ = ! gue/s to view--! m gue/s1 ! m baskets requir$4 ,ea* basket is fill$ ) a mixture ( sweetmeats1 fruits & o!r foods & is plac$ on a slope 9 ord] to make ! cont5ts pla9ly visible to ! gue/s4 ,aft] ! c]emony ! baskets are pass$ among ! gue/s = ! cont5ts to be enjoy$4 ,!y are !n hung inside ! h\se by ! two h&les1 until ! next 8,com+ ,out ,dance40 7,see ,plate #ag;c7 ,,/orage c4 #aijj ,pima--,arizona ,case ,no4 #aj3 ,?is basket 0 us$ = /or+ mesquite beans aft] !y _h be5 hull$4 ,x is d\btful if ?is type ( basket has be5 made s9ce #aijj4 7,see ,plate #h;a7 ,= /orage baskets ( o!r tribes see3 ,plate #f;a3 ,*]okee ,plate #f;d3 ,ottawa ,plate #g;a3 ,*]okee ,,se$ ,,conta9] c4 #cjj ,a4,d4 ,pueblo ,,ii--,colorado ,case ,no4 #d3 ,evid5ce ( ! importance ( basketry among ! s\?we/]n peoples ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! fir/ few c5turies ( our era lies 9 ! fact t ^! peoples & _! culture are ref]r$ to z ! 8,basket ,mak]s40 ,?is basket dates back to approximately #cjj ,a4,d41 ab\t #afjj ye>s ago4 ,x 0 us$ z a se$ conta9] to /ore squa% & pumpk9 se$s until ! next plant+ season4 ,x 0 f\nd 9 ! cliff dwell+s ( ! ,san ,juan ,riv] bas9 ne> ,mesa ,v]de1 ,colorado4 7,see ,plate #g;b7 ,,/orage c4 #ahge ,tonto ,apa*e & ,:ite ,m\nta9 ,apa*e--,s\!a/ ,arizona ,case ,no4 #g3 ,?is unusually l>ge specim5 is almo/ ?ree feet tall4 ,s9ce ab\t #aiad1 v few1 if any1 z l>ge z ?is h be5 made4 ,an ,indian woman w\ld h to devote ?ree to f\r mon?s to ! weav+ ( a basket ( ?is size4 ,today %e c pur*ase a gunny sack f ! ne>e/ trad+ po/ = tw5ty five c5ts & /ore ! same am\nt ( gra9 ) mu* less ef=t4 ,?is basket1 valu$ at #gej4jj on ! collector's m>ket today1 is a spl5did illu/ration ( a dy+ art4 ,! =?com+ ,indian g5]ation w n be conc]n$ ) ! mak+ ( baskets = daily use4 ,! beautiful weav+ te*niques & colorful designs w become a ?+ ( ! pa/4 ,also1 9 ?is %[ case1 is a f9e #ahij basket specim52 a ,tonto ,apa*e /orage basket f ! ,v]de ,riv] area bel[ ,flag/aff1 ,arizona4 7,see ,plate #f;c #ag;c7 ,,h\sehold ,*itima*a--,l\isiana ,case ,no4 #aj3 ,! unusual decorative design ( ?is basket is commonly ref]r$ to z 8alligator inte/9es40 ,?is design motif has be5 us$ z f> back z hi/ory records1 & s]ves z an excell5t example ( ! weav]'s skill4 7,see ,plate #ae;c7 ,= o!r examples ( h\sehold baskets see3 ,plate #ae;b3 ,*]okee1 h\sehold f>m basket ,plate #ae;d3 ,hoopa1 tobacco basket ,plate #af;a3 ,yokut1 g5]al h\sehold basket ,plate #af;b3 ,rappahannock1 h\sehold f>m basket ,plate #af;d3 ,*]okee1 h\sehold f>m basket ,,food ,,b[l ,hopi--,%ongopovi1 #bnd ,mesa--,arizona ,case ,no4 #aa3 ,?is food b[l is "o ( ! f9e/ specim5s ( decorative symbolism ev] produc$ 9 ,hopi basketry4 ,! decorations repres5t ! knobhead 7or ,mudhead7 ,cl[n ,ka*9a call$ ,koyemsi1 & ! ,cr[ ,w+ ,"m 7! "m ( all ,ka*9as74 ,! f\r e>s ( corn1 ea* 9 a diff]5t color1 repres5t ! f\r seasons ( ! ye>4 ,made by ,lula ,jo%ongeva1 x receiv$ sev]al aw>ds at ! #aief ,int]-,tribal ,indian ,c]emonials1 9 ,gallup1 ,new ,mexico4 ,fur!r honor 0 be/[$ ! basket by a ,navajo m$ic9e man's special bless+ at a 8,bless+ ,c]emony40 7,see ,plate #h;b7 ,,b]ry ,,ga!r+ ,*octaw--,mississippi ,case ,no4 #d3 ,! basket ) a tall h&le 0 made 9 #ahag1 f\rte5 ye>s aft] ! ,l\isiana ,pur*ase4 ,! basket ) a %ort] h&le is a contempor>y specim54 ,! #ahag specim5 is ( consid]able hi/orical significance s9ce x 0 br\ght to ,oklahoma sometime betwe5 #ahch & #ahdb1 at ! "t ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t remov$ ! ,*octaw tribe f ,mississippi to ,indian ,t]ritory 7,oklahoma74 7,see ,plate #e;b7 ,,wat] ,,bottle ,*iricahua & ,havasupai--,new ,mexico & ,arizona ,above door ( entrance to ,basket ,gall]y3 ,^! wov5 specim5s are cov]$ ) gum f ! ,p9on ,p9e & subsequ5tly bak$ ov] an op5 fire until !y become z h>d z %ellac4 ,?is coat+ makes ! bottles wat]tight4 ,sev]al ,arizona tribes pref] ?is type ( wat] bottle to any !y c procure f ! ,anglo2 !y are1 !re=e1 /ill us$ ext5sively 9 ?is area4 7,see ,plates #b;a #b;b7 ,,c>ry+ 7or ,burd57 ,cases ,no4 #a1 #g1 #h1 #aa & ,ov]head--,v>i\s ,tribes4 ,?is type ( basket 0 us$ by ! ,paiutes ( ,nevada & ! ,gabriel5os & ,maidus ( ,cali=nia = c>ry+ acorns2 by ! ,quileutes ( ,wa%+ton = c>ry+ salmon2 by ! ,hopis ( ,arizona = c>ry+ pea*es & corn1 & by ! ,zunis ( ,new ,mexico = c>ry+ pea*es4 7,see ,plates #ad;c #ad;d7 ,case ,no4 #a4 ,examples ( burd5 baskets us$ by ! ,*]okees ( ! ,smokey ,m\nta9s ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,case ,no4 #g & #h3 ,examples ( baskets us$ by ! ,k>ocs ( ,cali=nia1 %[+ ! 8,tump-l9e0 basket ) head b& atta*$4 7,see ,plate #ac;c7 ,case ,no4 #aa3 ,%[s a h>ve/ basket ( ! ,cahuilla ( ,cali=nia1 us$ 9 c>ry+ gra9s4 7,see ,plate #i;a7 ,,c>ry+ ,cahuilla or ,mission--,cali=nia ,case ,no4 #ac3 ,?is basket 0 us$ to c>ry gras%opp]s to ! bru% & grass ,wickiup :]e !y 7 roa/$ on a long /ick ov] a flame 9 prep>ation = eat+4 ,!re is no?+ too unusual ab\t mank9d eat+ insects3 ,! ,holy ,bible tells ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel--=ty ye>s 9 ! wild]ness--9 ! l& ( ,canaan1 eat+ locu/s1 z did ,john ,! ,bapti/ :ile prea*+ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,today specialty /ores retail gras%opp]s1 fri$ worms1 bees & ants--_m ( :i* are *ocolate coat$6 7,see ,plate #ad;a7 ,,gras%opp] ,,/ew+ ,paiute--,nevada ,case ,no4 #ac3 ,?is basket 0 made = cook+ gras%opp]s4 ,aft] ! gras%opp]s 7 plac$ 9 ! basket ! top 0 ti$ ) a bucksk9 ?ong & subm]g$ 9 boil+ wat]4 ,! basket 0 remov$ f ! wat] :5 ! gras%opp]s 7 suffici5tly cook$ & ready to be eat54 7,see ,plate #aj;c7 ,,wat] ,,tight c4 #ahge ,?l9kit--,alaska ,case ,no4 #e3 ,?is wat]-tight boil+ basket is made ( spruce roots :i* h be5 f9ely split by h&4 ,x is wov5 z tightly z comm]cially wov5 canvas wat] bags4 ,^! baskets are no long] made = cook+ because metal conta9]s are readily available4 ,! design motif ( ?is unusually f9e specim5 is con/ruct$ ( m\nta9 grass1 commonly call$ ,squaw ,grass4 ,! grass is soak$ 9 bog mud all w9t]1 giv+ x ! black color4 ,! copp] color is obta9$ by boil+ ! grass ) copp] ore1 & ! :ite is ! same grass1 sun blea*$4 7,see ,plate #i;c7 ,,c>ry+ ,,basket c4 #ahij ,papago--,arizona ,case ,no4 #d3 ,?is c>ry+1 or burd51 basket1 ref]r$ to by ,papagos z ,kiaha1 is made ( /ems f ! ,c]eus ,giganteus ,cactus & ! tw9e f leaves ( ! ,maguey plant4 ,! ,maguey plant play$ a major role 9 ,papago life due to ! fact t food1 rope1 tw9e1 v>ni%1 ne$les1 & liquor 7 obta9$ f x4 ,! ,papagos taught ! ,spani>ds to make liquors f ! juice ( ! ,maguey plant m ?an f\r hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,! liquor is /ill made today 9 ,mexico4 ,9 #aedj1 ! ,spani>ds1 l$ by ,coronado1 arriv$ 9 ! ,s\?we/ & f\nd ?is basket be+ us$ 9 daily life4 ,su* items z ,mesquite beans1 cactus1 wood1 wat] j>s & corn 7 c>ri$ 9 ?is basket1 :i* is equipp$ ) a head b& & re/s on ! %\ld]s4 ,aft] ! ,spani>ds introduc$ horses & horses became pl5tiful1 ! m5 ceas$ to h ne$ = 7or to make7 ?is basket4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ! weav+ te*nique ( ?is 7"o ( ! few baskets made by m57 may be call$ ! ,am]ican c\nt]p>t ( ,belgian ,po9t ,lace4 7,see ,plate #ac;d7 ,,roa/+ ,,trays c4 #ahij ,yurok--,cali=nia ,modoc--,oregon ,case ,no4 #ab3 ,^! ?ree trays are us$ = roa/+ %ell$ nuts su* z hazel nuts & p9on nuts4 ,! nuts are plac$ on ! tray along ) r$-hot wood coals4 ,a revolv+ motion is appli$ to ! tray & ! coals are roll$ s deftly t !y d n burn ! tray4 7,see ,plate #i;d7 ,,corn ,,husk 7or 8,sally07 ,,bags c4 #ahej ,umatilla--,oregon ,case ,no4 #aj3 ,?is specim5 0 made ( a hemp f\ndation & false embroid]y ( twi/$ corn husks4 ,vegetable dyes 7 us$4 ,! "n 8,sally ,bag0 goes back to an old] use ( ! t]m sally1 mean+ 8to g =?10 8to sally =?10 i4e4 to travel4 ,! bags 7 us$ z travel bags & 7 ti$ to ! back ( ! cantle ( ! saddle4 ,!y 7 kn[n to h be5 9 use at ! "t ( ! ,lewis & ,cl>k ,exp$ition ( #ahje4 7,see ,plate #ae;a7 ,,effigy--,,tr9kets ,alibamu ( ,texas1 =m]ly ( ,alabama ,papago ( ,arizona ,case ,nos4 #b & #ac3 ,^! baskets are unique works ( art4 ,ea* %[s consid]able creativity4 ,! ,alibamu turkey basket made ( p9e cones & ! ,papago owl made ( ,yucca plant are us$ z tr9ket baskets4 ,9 m rec5t ye>s1 additional types h be5 made 9 ! =m ( birds1 frogs1 turtles1 alligators1 armadillos1 etc4 ,^! baskets h prov5 q popul> & h !re=e become an asset to ! economy ( ! craftsman4 7,see ,plates #e;c #e;d7 ,,imbricat$ ,,weave ,yakima--,topp5i%1 ,wa%+ton ,case ,no4 #aa3 ,! ,lat9 ^w ,imbrex means tile2 imbricat$ means ov]lapp+ l tiles or a decoration resembl+ tiles4 ,?is basket is an excell5t example ( ! imbricat$ weave4 ,?is basket 0 =m]ly us$ = cook+ & is n[ us$ 9 b]ry pick+4 ,!re are f\r diff]5t mat]ials us$ 9 ! con/ruction3 ! f\ndation is coil$1 split c$> roots2 ! :ite color is blea*$ m\nta9 grass2 ! d>k r$ is *]ry tree b>k2 ! br[n is c$> b>k4 7,see ,plate #e;a7 ,,bir*b>k ,v>i\s ,tribes ,case ,no4 #h3 ,_m items are made f bir*-b>k by ! ,indians 9 areas :]e ! bir* tree gr[s 9 abundance4 ,l _m o!r cultures1 ! ,indian us$ objects = daily use :i* requir$ ! lea/ ef=t to make4 ,bir*-b>k l5ds itself readily to easy con/ruction4 ,%[n "h are _m =ms ( bir*-b>k con/ruction3 boxes1 buckets1 creels1 trays1 etc4 ,plate #c;d3 ,algonqu9 fi%+ creel ,plate #g;c3 ,algonqu9 canoe box ,plate #g;d3 ,*ippewa /orage box ,plate #h;c3 ,*ippewa wild rice ga!r+ tray ,,squa% ,,blossom ,pima--,arizona ,case ,no4 #g3 ,! decorative motif ( ^! baskets is actually ?\ght ( by ! ,pima weav] z a 8progressive design10 r ?an t ( a squa% blossom4 ,! design is execut$ 9 sequ5ces ( ?ree to twelve petals1 "o ( a sequ5ce to ea* basket4 ,only two complete sets 7t5 baskets to a set7 are kn[n to exi/4 ,!y are no long] made4 ,^! baskets 7 us$ = su* ?+s z w9n[+ gra9 & ga!r+ fruit & vegetables4 7,see ,plate #i;b7 ,,porcup9e ,,quill ,,decoration c4 #aijc ,*ippewa--,m9nesota ,case ,no4 #b3 ,"o ( ! f9e/ examples ( ! ,indian woman's native creative arts is f\nd 9 porcup9e quill decoration4 ,! arti/ =m]ly prep>$ h] own dyes f b]ries1 roots1 b>ks1 etc4 ,today1 anil9e dyes are us$ almo/ exclusively4 ,/eps us$ 9 ! prep>ation ( quills = b>k decoration are z foll[s3 ,! arti/ usually divides ! quills into f\r l5g?s & /ores !m 9 sep>ate conta9]s because !y diff] 9 l5g? & ?ickness 7"o to f\r in*es long & #a_/af to #c_/cb in*es ?ick74 ,! quills are wa%$ well 9 soap root be=e be+ dy$1 & /or$4 ,:5 %e is ready to use ! quills %e s(t5s !m 9 h] m\?4 ,! w>m? & moi/ure are mo/ effective & x is ?\ght t ! saliva conta9s "s special prop]ty t makes !m m pliable4 ,%e g5]ally keeps a numb] ( ! quills ( ! same size & color 9 "o *eek ) ! po9ts protrud+ f h] lips1 pull+ out a quill z x is ne$$4 ,small holes are pun*$ 9 ! b>k ) an awl & ! quill is ins]t$ 9 ^! holes4 ,! ends are b5t ov] on ! back side ( ! b>k to hold !m 9 place4 ,by us+ quills ( ! desir$ l5g? to fit ! decoration1 x is n necess>y to cut !m4 ,! quill swells & /iff5s z x dries1 mak+ x ev5 m secure4 ,9 mo/ boxes1 s decorat$1 a pla9 undecorat$ piece ( b>k is fitt$ on ! inside 7or back side7 to hide ! raw ends ( ! quills4 ,?ree to f\r ?\s& quills are requir$ to cov] a box ! size ( ! "o %[n 9 ,plate #a;a4 ,vegetable dyes 7 us$ on ! quills ( ?is box & h n fad$ 9 m ?an fifty ye>s4 7,see ,plate #a;a7 ,,m9iatures ,case ,no4 #b3 ,indian wom5 make ^! to %[ _! skill 9 weav+4 ,9 simil> fa%ion1 ! ,anglo has engrav$ ! ,"l's ,pray] on ! head ( a /raight p9 9 ord] to illu/rate 8 skill4 ,! pr9cipal1 & int]e/+ diff]5ce is3 ! ,anglo uses a magnify+ glass & ! ,indian wom5 d n4 ,,moose ,,hair ,,embroid]y c4 #ahge ,huron--,prov9ce ( ,quebec1 ,canada ,case ,no4 #c3 ,?is basket & ! basket f ,ma9e are r>e examples ( ! old ,indian art ( moose hair embroid]y4 ,a clu/] ( v f9e hair gr[s f ! )]s ( ! wild moose & ?is hair1 dy$ 9 suitable colors1 is us$ = ! embroid]y4 ,! art ( ?is type embroid]y probably dates back to ab\t #agad1 at :i* "t ! natives us$ ?is me?od ( decoration = _! own bucksk9 clo?+4 ,x is believ$ t ^! p 7 taught ! art at conv5ts aft] ! /eel ne$le 0 introduc$ into ?is c\ntry f ,europe 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,h[ev]1 !re is no pro( ( ?is !ory4 ,x is int]e/+ to note o!r unique examples ( decorative art by ^! p2 i4e41 ! drill+ ( se$ pe>ls ! size ( ! head ( a /raight p9 & 9 turn1 sew+ ^! pe>ls on clo? or fib]4 ,) crude tools1 !y creat$ r>e & beautiful works ( decorative art :i* w\ld be difficult = u to duplicate ) today's precision tool+4 ,aft] adopt+ ,anglo-/yle clo?+ ^! ,indians practic$ moose hair embroid]y art on tr9kets su* z ^! until x became almo/ ext9ct by #ahij4 ,specim5s su* z ^! are r>e ev5 9 museums4 7,see ,plate #h;d7 ,passamaquoddy--,malecite ,ma9e ,?is is a bir* b>k box cov]$ ) r$ clo? & decorat$ ) moose hair embroid]y4 7,see ,plate #h;d7 ,,:alebone 7,bale57 ,eskimo--,po9t ,b>r[1 ,alaska ,case ,no4 #c3 ,! ,bale5 us$ 9 ! weav+ ( ?is basket is f\nd 9 ! upp] jaw ( ! ,b[head1 or ,alaskan ,"r ,:ale4 ,?is horny sub/ance is pull$ into v>i\s siz$ /rips4 ,:ile x is /ill fre% x is flexible & c be wov5 z easily z fib]4 ,! same weav+ te*nique us$ 9 mak+ coil$ baskets f grass roots is also us$ 9 ! con/ruction ( ?is basket4 ,an ,alaskan trad] is cr$it$ ) hav+ taught ! ,eskimos to use ,bale5 z a weav+ m$ium4 ,! art 0 almo/ ext9ct until a few ye>s ago :5 ! ,u4 ,s4 ,indian ,arts & ,crafts ,bo>d gave ne$$ enc\ragem5t to ! craftsm54 ,! ,b[head1 or ,"r ,:ale1 is n pl5tiful at ,po9t ,b>r[2 only two or ?ree su* :ales are caught dur+ a good ye>4 ,"s ye>s none are caught4 ,two factors are pr$om9ate 9 mak+ ?is type ( basketry sc>ce3 #a7 lack ( ,bale51 #b7 ! fifty h\rs necess>y = a skillful craftsman to con/ruct ! specim54 ,! decorative ivory figure on ! lid ( ! basket is made ( walrus tusk4 7,see ,plate #a;b7 ,,aleut ,,isl& ,,basketry c4 #ahfj & c4 #aici-aidd ,attu--,attu ,isl&1 ,alaska ,case ,no4 #f3 ,! baskets %[n 9 display case no4 #f1 are ! f9e/ weave kn[n to h be5 made 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,wov5 9 ab\t ?irty days1 ! av]age size basket may h up to #aj1jjj /it*es to ! squ>e in*4 ,! f9e/ ma*9e made cotton %eet+ has #cfjj /it*es to ! squ>e in*4 ,! d>k ton$ baskets 7 made ab\t #ahfj & ! light] ton$ ones 7 made betwe5 #aici & #aidd4 ,^! specim5s are made by ! ,aleut ,indian wom5 ( a bea* grass 7,wild ,rye7 :i* gr[s on ,attu ,isl&4 ,! /ems & blades are ab\t ! size ( :eat /raw1 & ! ,aleut wom5 split !m ) _! f+] nails4 ,9 #agda1 ,russian explor]s discov]$ & settl$ ! ,aleutian ,isl&s4 ,!y lat] f\nd t ! native wom5 7 wrapp+ _! dead ) f9ely wov51 n>r[ /rips ( grass fib] & plac+ ! bodies 9 caves4 ,russians !n enc\rag$ ! ,aleuts to weave baskets ( ?is same product4 ,9 ! normal c\rse ( ev5ts1 ! ,russians influ5c$ ! use ( silk & cotton ?read decorations on ! baskets4 ,9 #aidh1 ,edw>d ,l4 ,kei?an1 curator ( ,! ,/ate ,museum ( ,alaska1 made a field trip to ! ,aleutian ,isl&s & f\nd only ?ree wom5 /ill practic+ ?is f9e art ( basketry4 ,today1 !re is no cont9uance ( ?is art4 7,see ,plates #a;c #a;d7 ,,gambl+ ,,devices ,case ,no4 #b3 ,illu/rat$ "h are sev]al types ( gambl+ devices us$ by ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians3 ,pomos ( ,cali=nia1 us$ a mat on :i* !y ?rew _! c\nt]s4 7,see ,plate #d;b7 ,s5eca-,cayuga ( ,new ,york1 us$ a wood5 b[l & six flat1 poli%$ pea* se$s = _! fam\s 8,pea* ,se$ ,game40 ,?is b[l 0 br\ght to ,oklahoma ab\t #ahdj4 7,see ,plate #d;c7 ,*ey5nes ( ,oklahoma1 us$ a basket b[l ) wood5 c\nt]s4 ,pawnees ( ,nebraska1 us$ a basket tray4 ,?is is ! only type ( basketry kn[n to h be5 made by !m4 ,?is basket 0 made be=e !y 7 remov$ to ,oklahoma4 7,see ,plate #d;d7 ,klama?s ( ,oregon1 us$ a diff]5t gambl+ device 9 t x 0 m ( a guess+ game4 ,! mat cov]$ ! h&s ( ! op]ator4 ,! two bones are held1 "o 9 ea* h&1 & rotat$4 ,! bet 0 made on ! turn ( ! select$ bone4 ,^! c\nt]s 7 usually made f ! =eleg ( a de] or elk4 ,! ,mongolian culture is well kn[n to h a /rong int]e/ 9 gambl+ games4 ,"s an?ropologi/s tell u t ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians came to ?is c\ntry _m ye>s ago across ! ,b]+ ,sea f ,asia & t !y are desc5dants ( ! ,mongolians 9 t area4 ,,manioc ,,press ,c>ib--,guatemala & ,v5ezuela ,case ,no4 #ac3 ,indians ( ,mexico1 ,c5tral ,am]ica1 nor!rn ,s\? ,am]ica & ! ,c>ibbean ,isl&s us$ ?is press to remove poison 7,hydrocyanic ,acid7 f ! ,manioc root4 ,?is root is simil> to ! root us$ 9 ! prep>ation ( tapioca4 ,! ,indians process ! root to make a fl\r :i* is us$ 9 a native bread4 ,?is type ( press 0 9 use by ^! p z e>ly z #hib ,a4,d4 & 9 "s areas is /ill be+ us$ today4 ,to remove ! poison f ,manioc ! root is p\nd$1 !n /uff$ into ! basket1 caus+ x to exp& 9 gir? & to %ort5 9 l5g?4 7,! p>ticul> type ( diagonal twill weave us$ 9 ?is basket press p]mits a gir? expansion to twice its =m] size & a r$uction 9 l5g? ( ab\t "o-half its orig9al size47 ,! press is !n subm]g$ 9 wat] & soak$ until ?or\ghly saturat$4 ,:5 x is remov$ f ! wat] ! press is hung by ! loop end1 usually on a bran*4 ,! foot or a weight is put on ! clos$ end ( ! press & ?is creates a squeez+ action :i* removes ! poison f ! root inside4 ,at ?is po9t ! press *anges %ape & becomes long & n>r[ aga94 ,?is process is repeat$ sev]al times to assure ! removal ( ! poison4 7,see ,plate #aa;a7 ,,baby ,,cradles ,case ,no4 #e3 ,! art ( mak+ basket cradles is almo/ lo/ today4 ,h[ev]1 ! wood5 cradle is /ill made & us$ ext5sively by _m tribes2 ?is is especially s 9 ! ,pueblo tribes4 ,! foll[+ illu/rates ! use ( baby cradles by "s basket mak+ tribes3 ,hoopas1 ( ,cali=nia1 us$ a sit-d[n type cradle--! baby is seat$ 91 & ti$ to1 ! cradle2 ,hopis1 ( ,arizona & ,frazi] ,riv]1 ( ,wa%+ton1 us$ ! cradle = putt+ ! baby to sleep hold+ ! cradle 9 _! arms2 tribes su* z ,mono-,paiute & ,pomo1 ( ,cali=nia1 & ,ute ( ,colorado1 us$ ! cradle by plac+ x on ! "m's back4 ,!re are m ?an six hundr$ ,indian dialects4 ,! ,ute ^w = cradle is ,ahcacon4 ,:5 ask$1 :at ! ,indian ^w = 8cradle10 or 8baby bo>d0 is1 x is impossible to answ]4 ,because ( ! _m dialects x is easily und]/&able t !re are num]\s words = ?is object1 j z ! ^w w\ld be diff]5t 9 ,spani%1 ,sw$i%1 ,g]man or ,russian4 7,see ,plates #c;a1 #c;b #c;c7 ,,bl[ ,,gun ,,& ,,quiv] ,*]okee--,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,case ,no4 #a3 ,made ( wild cane & six feet long1 ?is type bl[ gun 0 us$ = %oot+ poison d>ts4 ,"s guns are z long z tw5ty feet4 ,a bl[ gun is extraord9>y 9 t x has = example1 ! p[] to %oot a d>t a qu>t] ( an in* into a p9e door4 ,?is p[] is probably due to ! *oke bore design ( ! gun4 ,! d>ts are fifte5 to eighte5 in*es long & are made ( locu/ wood4 ,!y are %>p5$ & h>d5$ ov] a flame at "o end &1 at ! opposite end are wrapp$ at an angle ) ! silk f a ?i/le plant4 ,z ! air is bl[n into ! gun ! ?i/le silk fluffs & creates a %\ld] to bl[ aga9/4 ,! d>t is ret>d$ 9 its movem5t by ! tap] ( ! bore4 ,x is n kn[n :at implem5t 0 employ$ to produce ?is tap]$ bore4 ,_m ye>s ago ?is type bl[ gun1 ) poison d>ts1 0 us$ 9 w>f>e by ! ,*]okee1 ,*octaw1 ,catawaba1 & ,h\ma tribes4 ,display$ ) ! bl[ gun & d>ts is ! basket quiv] :i* held ! d>ts4 ,^! specim5s 7 br\ght to ,oklahoma be=e #ahfj1 by ! gr&fa!r ( ,jim ,backwat]4 7,see ,plate #ba7 ,! ,cl>k ,field ,collection ( ,indian ,baskets is compos$ ( "o ?\s& & n9ety six specim5s1 z ( date 7#aifd71 f ?r\gh\t ,nor? ,am]ica & repres5ts almo/ e basket mak+ tribe ( t area4 ,due to ! wide scope ( tribal repres5tation & ! beauty ( ^! out/&+ specim5s1 ?is collection is rat$ by ! ,u4 ,s4 ,indian ,arts & ,crafts ,bo>d z ! mo/ out/&+ ,indian basket collection 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,plate ,no4 #a ,illu/ration3 #a;a ,,h\sehold ,*ippewa ,m9nesota ,size3 #c #h ,illu/ration3 #a;b ,,tr9ket ,eskimo ,alaska ,size3 #c #c ,illu/ration3 #a;c ,,decorative ,attu ,aleutian ,isl&s1 ,alaska ,size3 #e #f ,illu/ration3 #a;d ,,decorative ,attu ,aleutian ,isl&s1 ,alaska ,size3 #c #c ,plate ,no4 #b ,illu/ration3 #b;a ,,wat] ,,jug ,*iricahua ,apa*e ,new ,mexico ,size3 #ac #i ,illu/ration3 #b;b ,,wat] ,,jug ,havasupai ,arizona ,size3 #ab #aj ,illu/ration3 #b;c ,,hi/orical--,,utilit>ian ,wampanoag ,massa*usetts ,size3 #f #i ,illu/ration3 #b;d ,,hi/orical--,,utilit>ian ,p5nacook ,massa*usetts ,size3 #ad #bj ,plate ,no4 #c ,illu/ration3 #c;a ,,cradle ,pomo ,cali=nia ,size3 #af #ab #g ,illu/ration3 #c;b ,,cradle ,hoopa ,cali=nia ,size3 #af #i ,illu/ration3 #c;c ,,cradle ,ute ,colorado ,size3 #cd #ab ,illu/ration3 #c;d ,,fi%+ ,,creel ,algonqu9 ,quebec1 ,canada ,size3 #aj #aj #h ,,plate ,no4 #d ,illu/ration3 #d;a ,,fi% ,,trap ,catawba ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,size3 #fd #af ,illu/ration3 #d;b ,,gambl+ ,,mat ,pomo ,cali=nia ,size3 #bh diamet] ,illu/ration3 #d;c ,,gambl+ ,,tray ,s5eca--,cayuga ,new ,york & ,oklahoma ,size3 #ab #c ,illu/ration3 #d;d ,,gambl+ ,,tray ,pawnee ,nebraska & ,oklahoma ,size3 #i #b ,plate ,no4 #e ,illu/ration3 #e;a ,,b]ry ,,ga!r+ ,yakima ,wa%+ton ,size3 #bj #ad ,illu/ration3 #e;b ,,b]ry ,,ga!r+ ,*octaw ,mississippi ,size3 #aj #aj ,illu/ration3 #e;c ,,effigy--,,tr9ket ,papago ,arizona ,size3 #h #g ,illu/ration3 #e;d ,,effigy--,,tr9ket ,alibamu ,alabama & ,texas ,size3 #f #g ,plate ,no4 #f ,illu/ration3 #f;a ,,/orage ,*]okee ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,size3 #ah #ah ,illu/ration3 #f;b ,,/orage ,%o%one--7,panam9t7 ,dea? ,valley1 ,cali=nia ,size3 #bd #i ,illu/ration3 #f;c ,,/orage ,tonto ,apa*e ,arizona ,size3 #bi #ai ,illu/ration3 #f;d ,,/orage ,ottawa ,mi*igan ,size3 #aj #ad #aj ,plate ,no4 #g ,illu/ration3 #g;a ,,/orage ,*]okee ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,size3 #ac #ab #ab ,illu/ration3 #g;b ,,/orage ,basket ,mak] ,,ii ,new ,mexico ,size3 #e #d ,illu/ration3 #g;c ,,/orage ,algonqu9 ,quebec1 ,canada ,size3 #ab #ah #ae ,illu/ration3 #g;d ,,/orage ,*ippewa ,wiscons9 ,size3 #ag #i #ab ,plate ,no4 #h ,illu/ration3 #h;a ,,/orage ,pima ,arizona ,size3 #ba #ah ,illu/ration3 #h;b ,,/orage ,hopi ,arizona ,size3 #ac #ag ,illu/ration3 #h;c ,,ga!r+ ,*ippewa ,wiscons9 ,size3 #cj #bj #g ,illu/ration3 #h;d ,,h\sehold ,,tr9ket ,passamaquoddy--,malecite ,ma9e ,size3 #c #e ,illu/ration3 ,,c>d ,,case ,huron ,quebec1 ,canada ,size3 #d #b ,plate ,no4 #i ,illu/ration3 #i;a ,,h>ve/ ,cahuilla 7,mission7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #h #bb ,illu/ration3 #i;b ,,w9n[+ ,,tray ,pima ,arizona ,size3 #c #ai ,illu/ration3 #i;c ,,cook+ ,?l9kit ,alaska ,size3 #aa #ad ,illu/ration3 #i;d ,,roa/+ ,yurok 7#b7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #b #aj & #c #ba ,modoc 7#a7 ,oregon ,size3 #c #ad ,plate ,no4 #aj ,illu/ration3 #aj;a ,,col&] ,p5obscot ,ma9e ,size3 #e #aa ,illu/ration3 #aj;b ,,porridge ,,b[l ,paiute ,cali=nia ,size3 #h #ab ,illu/ration3 #aj;c ,,/ew+ ,,gras%opp]s ,paiute ,cali=nia ,size3 #ab #i ,illu/ration3 #aj;d ,,gr9d+ ,,tray ,hoopa ,cali=nia ,size3 #d #af ,plate ,no4 #aa ,illu/ration3 #aa;a ,,manioc ,,press ,c>ib ,guatemala & ,v5ezuela #gb #b n exp&$ #dj #d exp&$ 7fill$7 ,illu/ration3 #aa;b ,,food ,,b[l ,mission ,cali=nia ,size3 #e #ae ,illu/ration3 #aa;c ,,food ,,b[l ,%o%one 7,panam9t7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #c #g ,plate ,no4 #ab ,illu/ration3 #ab;a ,,food ,,platt] ,cahuilla 7,mission7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #d #bj ,illu/ration3 #ab;b ,,food ,,b[l ,%o%one 7,panam9t7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #d #h ,illu/ration3 #ab;c ,,food ,,platt] ,*emehueve ,arizona ,size3 #c #ae ,illu/ration3 #ab;d ,,food ,,platt] ,yavapai ,apa*e ,arizona ,size3 #d #ab ,plate ,no4 #ac ,illu/ration3 #ac;a ,,food ,,platt] ,we/]n ,apa*e ,arizona ,size3 #d #ba ,illu/ration3 #ac;b ,,food ,,platt] ,papago ,arizona ,size3 #b #aa ,illu/ration3 #ac;c ,,c>ry+ 7,tump-,l9e7 ,k>oc ,cali=nia ,size3 #i #ac ,illu/ration3 #ac;d ,,c>ry+ ,papago ,arizona ,size3 #ab #be #bj ,plate ,no4 #ad ,illu/ration3 #ad;a ,,c>ry+ 7,gras%opp]7 ,cahuilla 7,mission7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #ad #i ,illu/ration3 #ad;b ,,ga!r+ 7,clams7 ,qu9ault ,wa%+ton ,size3 #ab #af #aj ,illu/ration3 #ad;c ,,c>ry+ ,maidu ,cali=nia ,size3 #bi #ai ,illu/ration3 #ad;d ,,c>ry+ ,gabriel5os 7,mission7 ,cali=nia ,size3 #ai #be ,plate ,no4 #ae ,illu/ration3 #ae;a ,,c>ry+ 7,sally ,bag7 ,umatilla ,oregon ,size3 #ag #ac ,illu/ration3 #ae;b ,,h\sehold 7,f>m7 ,*]okee ,oklahoma ,size3 #f #i ,illu/ration3 #ae;c ,,h\sehold ,*itima*a ,l\isiana ,size3 #f #i #f ,illu/ration3 #ae;d ,,h\sehold 7,tobacco7 ,hoopa ,cali=nia ,size3 #d #d ,plate ,no4 #af ,illu/ration3 #af;a ,,h\sehold ,yokut ,cali=nia ,size3 #f #ab ,illu/ration3 #af;b ,,h\sehold 7,f>m7 ,rappahannock ,virg9ia ,size3 #i #bj #ag ,illu/ration3 #af;c ,,h\sehold 7,wall ,pocket7 ,*octaw ,oklahoma ,size3 #ad #ab ,illu/ration3 #af;d ,,h\sehold ,*]okee ,oklahoma ,size3 #i #ab ,plate ,no4 #ag ,illu/ration3 #ag;a ,,c]emonial ,wa%oe ,nevada ,circumf]5ce #eb #ac hi1 #h orifice ,illu/ration3 #ag;b ,,c]emonial 7,w9e7 ,papago ,arizona ,size3 #g #ae ,illu/ration3 #ag;c ,,c]emonial 7,c>ry+7 ,:ite ,m\nta9 ,apa*e ,arizona ,size3 #ac #ad #ae ,illu/ration3 #ag;d ,,m\rn+ ,,b[l ,m5om9ee ,wiscons9 ,size3 #g #h ,plate ,no4 #ah ,illu/ration3 #ah;a ,,c]emonial 7,jump+ ,dance7 ,hoopa ,cali=nia ,top3 #ae #c ,middle3 #ah #d ,bottom3 #bj #e ,illu/ration3 #ah;b ,,c]emonial 7,w$d+7 ,pomo ,cali=nia ,size3 #e #ab ,illu/ration3 #ah;c ,,mortu>y ,pomo ,cali=nia ,size3 #e #ad ,illu/ration3 #ah;d ,,mortu>y ,pomo ,cali=nia ,size3 #e #i ,plate ,no4 #ai ,illu/ration3 #ai;a ,,c]emonial 7,w$d+7 ,hopi ,arizona ,size3 #b #ae ,illu/ration3 #ai;b ,,c]emonial 7,w$d+7 ,navajo ,arizona ,size3 #d #ac ,illu/ration3 #ai;c ,,c]emonial 7,m$ic9e ,tray7 ,paiute ,arizona ,size3 #c #ad ,illu/ration3 #ai;d ,,r9s+ 7,clo!s7 ,niantic ,connecticut ,size3 #f #aa #aa ,plate ,no4 #bj ,illu/ration3 ,,soyal ,,initiation ,,c]emony 7,pray] ,(f]+ ,c]emony7 ,hopi ,arizona ,plate ,no4 #ba ,illu/ration3 ,,bl[ ,,gun1 ,,quiv] & ,,d>t ,*]okee ,nor? ,c>ol9a ,,root ,,runn] ,,basketry ,repr9t f ,philbrook ,bro*ure1 #aieb by ,cl>k ,field ,,introduction ,! purpose t a =eword s]ves to ! read+ public is o/5sibly to express its writ]'s endorsem5t ( ! mat]ial pres5t$ & ( ! mode ( treatm5t4 ,9 ?is in/ance ! purpose is he>tily av[$4 ,! monograph 9 h& =ms a contribution to ! s]ies ( /udies be+ pursu$ widely among s*ol>s ^: aim is to piece toge!r portions ( ! picture ( culture ( ! ,indians ( ! ,s\!a/4 ,our k ( ! culture prop]ties ( native tribes 9 any area :]e _! developm5t has be5 go+ on = c5turies 9 _! orig9al seats comes necess>ily by gradual /eps4 ,^! may seem disconnect$ 9 ! m9ds ( laym5 :o are 9 ha/e to see ! :ole /ory complet$4 ,p]haps only ! pione] inve/igator kn[s h[ long & intimately a p mu/ be /udi$ by dwell+ 9 _! mid/ be=e _! ways ( life become cle> en\gh to be und]/ood & discuss$4 ,collections ( data1 hi/orical1 descriptive & functional1 h to be made & pres]v$ 9 ! =m ( notes & actual specim5s4 ,:5 ^! ends are accompli%$1 ! picture ( tribal life takes def9ite %ape1 & ano!r gap 9 ! hi/ory ( a p is clos$4 ,^! are ! requirem5ts = c>ry+ on 9 a some:at new und]tak+ 9 ! l9e ( hi/ory1 namely e?no-hi/ory4 ,/udies ( a p's physical /ructure1 _! psy*ology1 language1 religion & gov]nm5t contribute _! %>e4 ,on ! mat]ial side _! crafts develop$ to supply economic ne$s & ! art involv$ 9 ! crafts !mselves mu/ be illu/rat$ ) accumulations ( specim5s4 ,^! requirem5ts ! au?or ( ! foll[+ /udy has _h well 9 m9d = a consid]able space ( "t1 & he has treat$ !m ) cons]vative judgm5t & a reg>d = _! implications ) botany & ecology4 ,su* rem>ks appli$ to ! pap] con/itute ! e?nologi/'s endorsem5t4 ,x is a spl5did ?+ = man ( ! pres5t to take "t to /abilize 8 m9d to contemplat+ ! a*ievem5ts ( tribes inhabit+ our cont95t z a prologue to ! affairs ( ! pres5t4 ,:]e is ! bra% critic to p]si/ 9 ! claim t ! natives ( ,am]ica h no orig9al elem5ts ( 8civilization0 ei!r f ! e>ly or late pa/1 or 9 ! pres5t8 ,! ,*]okee h provid$ an answ]4 ,contempor>y lit]ature has amass$ ! evid5ce nor alone 9 ! s]ies ( volumes f ! ,univ]sity ( ,oklahoma ,press1 b 9 prose & poetry kn[n ?r\gh\t ! nation4 ,x (f]s a comp5di\s *apt] 9 ! epic ( ,am]ica4 ,ea* additional /udy adds a p>agraph ( importance to ! :ole4 ,! /udy to foll[ contributes a detail ( exi/+ k ( ! art-crafts ( ! ,*]okee4 ,z su* x w prove to be ano!r s\rce ref]5ce to ! ,*]okee way ( life 9 art & its expression 9 concrete =m4 ,! utilities h be5 & /ill are to ,indians a means ( f9d+ outlet = _! ae/hetic urges4 ,art & crafts are m]g$ 9 ! output4 ,o!r fields lie op5 = fur!r attempts to p]=m its functions 9 national life by issu+ successive publications deal+ ) its cultural mat]ial1 ?us lay+ f\ndations = t basic tea*+ we fondly call ,am]icanism4 ,,frank ,g4 ,,speck ,dep>tm5t ( ,an?ropology1 ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania ,philadelphia1 ,p5nsylvania #aieb ,,root ,,runn] ,,basketry ,! association ( root-runn] basket =ms 9 ,am]ica w\ld %[ a numb] ( in/ances ( use ( a 8,rod0 z a "o rod f\ndation = coil$ baskets occurr+ orig9ally 9 ,arizona1 ,colorado1 ,new ,mexico & on ! pla9s4#a ,?is te*nologically simple =m ( basket build+ mat]ial has implications be>+ ^u ! age & area !ory t *all5ges att5tion on a wid] scale4 ,ap>t f ! coil+ process1 a s+le rod con/ruction appe>s 9 ! ,s\!a/ 9 wick] "w4 ,:at conclusions a broad] /udy ( s+le rod basketry 7to :i* class ! root runn] s]ies belongs7 9 any ( its con/ructional =ms1 :e!r 9 coil+ or wick] "w1 w\ld lead to is q beyond ! purpose ( ?is article4 ,x is ! int5t ( ! writ] to record a simple phase ( basketry te*nique 9 ! s\!rn middle ,atlantic slope & ! nor!rn "p ( ! s\? & s\!a/ area1 z x applies to ! ,*]okee ( ! ,nor? ,c>ol9a highl&s & ( ,oklahoma4 ,9 ^! areal habitats ! two subdivisions ( ! tribe make use ( ?ree div]se plant types1 ! use ( :i* 9 basketry con/ruction 9 "s di/ricts does n ov]lap or co9cide4 ,9 ,c>ol9a an e>li] root-runn] /yle has ei!r pass$ out ( memory or nev] exi/$ among ! ,*]okee ,indians1 b came 9 lat] ?r\gh acculturative *anges4 ,z f> z has be5 asc]ta9$1 all f9e root runn] fib]s us$ 9 ! mak+ ( ,indian baskets belong to two family gr\ps1 ! botanical names ( :i* are ,caprifoliceae & ,crataegus4 ,to ! fir/ family gr\p belong3 ,japanese ,honeysuckle 7,lonic]a ,japonica7 ,a v9e introduc$ into ,am]ica f ,asia ar\nd #aijf4b ,buckbru% 7,symphoric>pos ,orbiculatus7 ,also call$ ,indian ,currant & ,coral ,b]ry4 ,to ! second family belong3 ,wild ,haw?orne 7,crataegus ,crus ,galli7 ,! ,yuki ,indians ( ,cali=nia made a basket out ( ! /ems ( a native honeysuckle 7,lonic]a ,int]rupta74 ,x1 h[ev] does n h f9e root runn]s4#c ,,root ,,runn] ,,baskets ,,9 ,,virg9ia ,illu/ration3 ,root ,runn] ,basket ,! ,rappahannock ,indians ( ,virg9ia make a basket ( ,japanese honeysuckle root runn]s ( a wick] type weave :i* is crude 9 weav+ te*nique 9 comp>ison ) baskets f ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 7,rappahannock ( ,virg9ia47 ,quot+ ,dr4 ,speck1 8,! art 0 reviv$ by "s ( ! wom5 9 #aibb1 :5 ! ,indian ,association 0 =m$4 ,susie & ,lizzie ,nelson1 old ,bob ,nelson & o!r ,rappahannock ,indians made ^! baskets at t "t4 ,*ief ,otto ,nelson1 8 wife ,susie1 & ,lizzie ,nelson rememb] t :5 !y 7 "y ab\t #ahij1 _! gr&mo!r ,sallie ,ronnie1 :o 0 !n ab\t #fj ye>s old1 _h a honeysuckle sew+ basket %ap$ l an oval b[l1 simil> 9 weave to ! baskets m5tion$ above4 8,!re is a native local1 v>iety ( ,r$ ,honeysuckle 7,lonic]a semp]vir5s7 9 ,virg9ia :i* is n a gr\nd runn] b cl+s = six feet or s to trees & f5ces2 x is f9] /emm$ ?an ! ,japanese v>iety & ,indian wom5 ( ! ,rappahannock tribe h agre$ to weave ) x4 ,all honeysuckle runn]s are kept soak$ 9 wat] to pres]ve _! pliability = weav+4 ,!y c be ga!r$ & wov5 at any "t ( ! ye> if treat$ 9 ?is mann]40 ,z f> z kn[n no o!r f9e root runn] is us$ = basket weav+ by ! ,indians ( ?is /ate1 al?\gh o!r f9e root runn]s su* z ,devil's ,%oe/r+ & ,london ,pride gr[ !re4 ,comm5ts on honeysuckle wick]-weave baskets among ! ,mattaponi ,indians ( ,virg9ia are made by ,dr4 ,frank ,speck 9 8 book 8,at ,mattaponi10 9 :i* he speaks ( ! girls mak+ baskets ( honeysuckle /ems1 meticul\sly neat & ) a te*nique suspici\sly ,european 9 detail4 ,we _c be too sure t some?+ l ?is did n exi/ be=e z _m ref]5ces to baskets ( v>i\s =ms made 9 ! e>ly days are enc\nt]$4#d ,! ,pamunkey ,tribe1 liv+ on a res]vation t5 miles s\? ( ,mattaponi1 h us$ honeysuckle runn]s = ov] tw5ty ye>s4 ,9 bo? b&s ! details ( =m & weave are id5tical1 & ! hi/orical circum/ances may also be4 ,,root ,,runn] ,,baskets ,,9 ,,nor? ,,c>ol9a ,illu/ration3 ,root ,runn] ,basket ,! ,*]okee ,indians ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a us$ ,japanese honeysuckle 9 basket weav+ z e>ly z #ahhj1 :5 x 0 introduc$ by a ,*]okee woman nam$ ,arizona ,blank5%ip :o _h be5 educat$ at ,hampton ,in/itute1 ,virg9ia4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ! ,*]okee ,ag5cy ,indian ,s*ool 0 f\nd$ at ,*]okee1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 t same ye>4 ,9 ,janu>y1 #aidc1 ,dr4 ,speck made an ext5sive trip into ! hill c\ntry ar\nd ,*]okee1 ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 visit+ ! old cons]vative ,*]okee ,indians ( t region4 ,he le>n$ f ! old p t honeysuckle basket weav+ 0 n an orig9al ,*]okee ,indian art4 ,mak+ inquiry into _! hi/ory ( basket weav+1 he c\ld f9d no evid5ce ( _! use ( haw?orne 7,crataegus7 al?\gh x is native to t /ate1 or any hi/orical evid5ce ( ! use ( any o!r f9e root runn]s4 ,x is possible1 ( c\rse1 t ! ,haw?orne runn]s c\ld h be5 us$ by o!r ,indian b&s 9 o!r p>ts ( ! /ate b s f> x is n kn[n1 not)/&+ ! fact ,dr4 ,speck has sp5t _m ye>s ( /udy ( ,*]okee ,indian basketry 9 ,nor? ,c>ol9a4#e ,cane & oak spl9ts 7 us$ *iefly by ! ,*]okee 9 basket weav+ & ! use ( ,japanese honeysuckle 0 und\bt$ly a lat] addition to _! culture4 ,an illu/ration ( "o ( ! e>lie/ kn[n types ( honeysuckle weave is %[n 9 ! ,*]okee ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a plate4 ,?is basket has no f\ndation to support ! f9e root runn] fib]s al?\gh mo/ ( _! baskets made ( honeysuckle runn]s d h f\ndations ( oak spl9ts4 ,z f> z is kn[n no d\ble weav+ ( f9e root runn] baskets 0 done by ! ,*]okee ( ?is /ate4 ,,root ,,runn] ,,baskets ,,9 ,,oklahoma ,illu/ration3 ,root ,runn] ,basket ,! ,*]okee ( ,oklahoma us$ buckbru% 7,symphoric>pos ,orbiculatus7 9 mak+ f9e root runn] baskets & x appe>s aft] c>eful /udy & ext5sive inquiry1 t ?is type ( basket weav+ may h orig9at$ among ! ,indians ( ,oklahoma4 ,?is conclusion is bas$ on _m ye>s ( collect+ baskets f ,*]okee ,indians 9 e "p ( ! old ,*]okee nation4 ,int]views ) old] basket-mak+ wom5 7 held ?r\gh int]pret]s & x 0 cle>ly e/abli%$ t basket mak+ f honeysuckle 0 n kn[n to !m or to _! mo!rs or gr&mo!rs :o _h liv$ 9 ,georgia & ,nor? ,c>ol9a be=e _! removal 9 #aich to ,oklahoma4 ,! only type ( weav+ kn[n to !m be=e com+ to ,oklahoma 0 ! cane & oak-spl9t weav+4 ,f su* int]views ^! facts c\ld be trac$ back to z e>ly z #ahej4 ,!y 7 c]ta9 t ! e>lie/ baskets made by _! gr&p>5ts 7 out ( buckbru% & oak spl9ts2 no cane or honeysuckle 0 us$ 9 ! nor!rn "p ( ! ,*]okee nation4 ,9 ! ,spav9aw hills c\ntry ( ! nor!rn "p ( ! ,*]okee nation ! ,indians us$ only buckbru% runn]s z cane does n gr[ 9 ?is section4 ,9 ! s\!rn "p ( ! nation1 9 ! vic9ity ( ,gore & ,web] ,falls1 cane gr[s & is us$ almo/ exclusively 9 basket weav+4 ,9 ! locality ( ,tahlequah & ,/illwell bo? cane & buckbru% weav+ is done4 ,! ,*]okee ( ?is region make bo? a d\ble & s+le wick] weave basket ( buckbru% runn]s & no f\ndation is us$ 9 ei!r type al?\gh ea* is /rong & s]viceable4 ,all ( _! f9e root runn] baskets 7buckbru%7 are a wick] type ( weave ( unexcell$ te*nique4 ,! d\ble weave basket made by ,lucy ,m\se 7%[n 9 ! ,oklahoma example7 is a spl5did specim5 ( f9e weav+--a /rong durable basket4 ,! dye us$ 9 ?is basket is walnut /a9 f boil$ walnut hulls4 ,! buckbru% runn]s are pull$ 9 ! fall ( ! ye>s & aft] dry+ two or ?ree weeks are boil$ to remove ! b>k4 ,! fib]s rema9 flexible en\gh = weav+ all w9t] :i* is ! basket weav+ season4 ,! %apes 7 =m]ly m>ket baskets1 fruit trays1 egg baskets & /orage baskets1 "s ( :i* 7 us$ by !m z long z fifty ye>s ago4 ,tw5ty-five ye>s ago vegetable dyes 7 us$ = color+ b today comm]cial dyes are l>gely us$2 ! baskets are made1 z a rule1 = sale1 & %[ consid]able :ite influ5ce4 --,cl>k ,field ,,autobiography ,i 0 born 9 ,dallas1 ,texas1 on ,janu>y #f1 #ahhb4 ,i fir/ became int]e/$ 9 ! art "w ( ! ,indians :ile work+ z a report] = an ,oklahoma daily newspap] 9 #aijj1 at :i* "t ,i cov]$ ! op5+ = settlem5t ( ! ,ki[a1 ,coman*e & ,apa*e ,indian res]vations 9 s\?we/ ,oklahoma4 ,aft] two ye>s ( /udy 7#aijc-aijd7 at ! ,univ]sity ( ,oklahoma1 ,i became a travel+ salesman & rema9$ 9 t pr(ession until #aiag :5 ,i w5t into bus9ess = myself 7retir$ f bus9ess 9 #aieg74 ,ab\t #aiah ,i became actively int]e/$ 9 ,indian pott]y & basketry & />t$ my collections4 ,s9ce t "t1 ,mrs4 ,field1 my daught] ,doro?y ,field ,maxwell 7,mrs4 ,gilb]t ,s471 & ,i h travel$ m ?an "o hundr$ & tw5ty five ?\s& miles collect+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,canada1 ,alaska1 ,mexico1 ,c5tral & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,to date 7#aifd7 we h sp5t #df ye>s 9 try+ to collect au!ntic specim5s ( baskets made = actual use by all basket-mak+ tribes 7no t\ri/ specim5s are includ$74 ,int5t ^u ma9ta9+ ! highe/ possible quality ?r\gh\t ! collection1 ,i h always insi/$ ^u acquir+ ! f9e/ repres5tative basket = its p>ticul> tribe or use4 ,! collection is completely catalogu$ & photograph$ & has be5 giv5 to ! ,philbrook ,art ,c5t] ( ,tulsa1 ,oklahoma1 :]e x is on exhibition4 ,! collection has be5 rat$ by memb]s ( ! ,indian ,arts & ,crafts ,bo>d1 & by memb]s ( o!r museums1 z ! mo/ compreh5sive 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates = its beauty ( specim5s & unusual me?od ( display4 ,cl>k ,field ,,footnotes #a,! def9itions & b\nd>ies ( typology & hi/orical horizons giv5 by ,dr4 ,g5e ,weltfi% are foll[$ "h4 8,prehi/oric ,nor? ,am]ican ,basketry ,te*niques & ,mod]n ,di/ributions10 ,am]ican ,an?ropologi/1 ,vol4 #cb1 ,no4 #c1 #aicj & 8,prelim9>y ,classification ( ,prehi/oric ,s\?we/]n ,basketry10 ,smi?sonian ,miscellane\s ,collection1 ,vol4 #hg1 ,no4 #g1 #aicb1 ,p4 #dj4 #b;,dr4 ,alfr$ ,rehd]1 ,curator ( ,h]b>ium ( ,arnold ,arboretum1 ,h>v>d ,univ]sity4 #c;,c4 ,v4 ,morton1 ,assi/ant 8,curator ( ,plants0 ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 lett] to ,a4 ,wetmore1 ,april #ad1 #aidc4 ,also4 8,trees & ,%rubs10 ,*as4 ,s>g5t1 #aije1 ,vol4 #a1 #aci & 8,manual ( ,fl[]+ ,plants ( ,cali=nia40 ,willis ,l9n ,jepson4 #ahbc4 #d;,dr4 ,f4 ,g4 ,speck1 8,*apt]s 9 ,e?nology ( ! ,p[hatan ,tribes ( ,virg9ia10 ,indian ,notes & monographs1 ,museum ( ! ,am]ican ,indian 7,heye ,f\ndation7 ,new ,york1 ,vol4 #a1 ,no4 #e1 #aibh1 ,p4 ,p4 #che-chh1 ,f4 ,g4 #hh4 #e,r ext5sive discussion & illu/ration ( honeysuckle root baskets by ! :ite m\nta9e]s ( ! ,s\? are giv5 by ,a4 ,h4 ,eaton 8,h&icrafts ( ! ,s\!rn ,highl&s40 ,russel ,sage ,f\ndation1 ,n4 ,y4 #aicg1 pp4 #agd-e1 #aae-bji4 ,no dat+ is attempt$4 ,,index ,page ,plate ,ahcacon #be #c;a1 #c;b1 #c;c ,aleut #bb1 #bc #a;c1 #a;d ,algonqu9 #ai #c;d1 #g;c ,alibamu #ah #e;d ,apa*e #c #f;c ,*iricahua #e1 #ae #b;a ,san ,c>los #e ,tonto #e1 #ad #f;c ,we/]n #e #ac;a ,:ite ,m\nta9 #ab1 #ad #ag;c ,yavapai #d1 #e #ab;d ,at ! ,l&+ ( ! #g ,pilgrims ,attu #bb1 #bc #a;c1 #a;d ,autobiography #ca ,basket3 ,baby ,cradle #bd1 #be #c;a1 #c;b1 #c;c ,bag1 ,corn ,husk #ah #ae;a ,bale5 #ba1 #bb #a;b ,b]ry #ae1 #ai #e;a1 #e;b ,bir*b>k #ai1 #ba #c;d1 #g;c1 #g;d1 #h;c ,bird ,cage #c ,boil+ #ag #i;c ,b[l #d1 #ae1 #bc #h;b1 #aj;b1 #aa;b1 #aa;c1 #ab;b ,canoe #ai #g;c ,burd5 #af1 #ag #i;a1 #ac;c1 #ac;d1 #ad;a1 #ad;c1 #ad;d ,c>ry+ #ab1 #af1 #ag #i;a1 #ac;c1 #ac;d1 #ad;a1 #ad;c1 #ad;d1 #ag;c ,c]emonial #f1 #h1 #i1 #aj1 #aa1 #ab1 #ac #ag;a1 #ag;b1 #ag;c1 #ah;a1 #ah;b1 #ah;c1 #ah;d1 #ai;a1 #ai;b1 #ai;c1 #bj ,clam #d #i;c1 #ad;b ,col&] #c #aj;a ,cook+ #c1 #ai #e;a1 #i;c ,corn ,husk #ah #ae;a ,effigy #ah #e;c1 #e;d ,com+ ,out ,dance #ab1 #ac #ag;c ,egg #cj ,fea!r$ #h1 #ab #ah;b1 #ah;c1 #ah;d ,fi%+ ,creel #ai #c;d ,fi% ,trap #c #d;a ,food ,b[l #d1 #ae #h;b1 #aj;b1 #aa;b1 #aa;c1 #ab;b ,gambl+ #bc #d;b1 #d;c1 #d;d ,ga!r+ #d1 #ae1 #ai #e;a1 #e;b1 #h;c1 #ad;a1 #ad;b ,gras%opp] #af #aj;c1 #ad;a ,h>ve/ #d1 #af #i;a ,hi/orical #g1 #ae #b;c1 #b;d1 #e;b ,h\sehold #ad #ae;b1 #ae;c1 #ae;d1 #af;a1 #af;b1 #af;c1 #af;d ,ideas ,copi$ #c #d;a1 #aj;a ,initiation ,c]emony #aj #bj ,jump+ ,dance #i #ah;a ,ka*9a #ae #h;b ,manioc ,press #bd #aa;a ,m>ket #cj ,m9iatures #bj ,moose ,hair #ba #h;d ,mortu>y #h #ah;c1 #ah;d ,m\rn+ ,b[l #i #ag;d ,plaque #aj1 #aa #ai;a1 #bj ,porridge ,b[l #d #aj;b ,quill$ #bj #a;a ,quiv] #be #ba ,r9s+ #d #ai;d ,roa/+ ,tray #ah #i;d ,root ,runn] #bf1 #bg1 #bh1 #bi1 #cj ,sally ,bag #ah #ae;a ,se$ ,conta9] #ac #g;b ,soyal #aj #bj ,squa% ,blossom #ai #i;b ,/ew+ #af #aj;c ,/orage #c1 #d1 #ac1 #ad #f;a1 #f;b1 #f;c1 #f;d1 #g;a1 #g;b1 #g;c1 #g;d1 #h;a1 #h;b ,tray #d1 #ah1 #ai1 #bc #d;d1 #h;c1 #i;b1 #i;d1 #aj;d ,tr9kets #ah1 #ba #a;b1 #e;c1 #e;d1 #h;d ,tump-l9e #af #ac;c ,unique ,designs #d #f;b1 #aj;d1 #aa;b1 #aa;c1 #ab;a1 #ab;c1 #ab;d1 #ae;c1 #af;c1 #ai;d ,utilit>ian #g #b;c1 #b;d ,wall ,pocket #d #af;c ,wat]tight #ae1 #ag #b;a1 #b;b1 #i;c ,wat] ,bottle #ae #b;a1 #b;b ,w$d+ #aj1 #aa1 #ab #ah;b1 #ai;a1 #ai;b1 #ai;c ,:alebone #ba1 #bb #a;b ,wild ,rice #ai #h;c ,w9e #h #ag;b ,w9n[+ #ai #i;b ,basketry ,aleut ,isl& #bb1 #bc #a;c1 #a;d ,bir*b>k #ai1 #ba #c;d1 #g;c1 #g;d1 #h;c1 #h;d ,e>ly #c ,g5]al #a1 #b ,root ,runn] #bf1 #bg1 #bh1 #bi1 #cj ,we/]n ,apa*e #e #ac;a ,basket ,mak]s #ac #g;b ,bl[ ,gun #be #ba ,bluff ,dwell]s #c ,bottle #ae #b;a1 #b;b ,b[l #d1 #ae1 #bc #d;c1 #h;b1 #aj;b1 #aa;b1 #aa;c1 #ab;b ,buckbru% #cj ,box ,canoe #ai #g;c ,/orage #ai #g;c1 #g;d ,h\sehold #bj #a;a ,tr9ket #ba #h;d ,catawba #c #d;a ,c5tral ,am]ica #bd #aa;a ,cacique #aj ,cahuilla #d1 #af #i;a1 #ab;a1 #ad;a ,c>ib #bd #aa;a ,*emehueve #d #ab;c ,*]okee #a1 #ad1 #af1 #be1 #bf1 #bg1 #ae;b1 #af;d1 #ba #bi1 #cj ,*ey5ne #bc ,*ippewa #ai1 #bj #a;a1 #g;d1 #h;c ,*iricahua #e1 #ae #b;a ,*itima*a #d1 #ad #ae;c ,*octaw #d1 #ae #e;b1 #af;c ,co*iti #c ,com+ ,out ,dance #ab1 #ac #ag;c ,decoration ,false ,embroid]y #ah #ae;a ,fea!r #h1 #ab #ah;b1 #ah;c1 #ah;d ,imbricat$ #ai #e;a ,moose ,hair #ba #h;d ,pa9t$ #g #b;d ,quill$ #bj #a;a ,dotsolalee #f1 #g #ag;a ,effigy #ah #e;c1 #e;d ,embroid]y1 ,moose ,hair #ba #h;d ,eskimo #ba1 #bb #a;b ,fea!r$ #h1 #ab #ah;b1 #ah;c1 #ah;d ,fea/ ( ! ,dead #i #ag;d ,frazi] ,riv] #bd ,gabriel5os #af #ad;d ,gambl+ ,devices #bc #d;b1 #d;c1 #d;d ,gras%opp] #af #aj;c1 #ad;a ,gum ,cov]$ #ae #b;a1 #b;b ,havasupai #ae #b;b ,honeysuckle #a1 #bg1 #bh1 #bi1 #cj ,hi/orical #g #b;c1 #b;d ,hoopa #d1 #i1 #ad1 #bd #c;b1 #aj;d1 #ae;d1 #ah;a ,hopi #b1 #aj1 #ae1 #bd #h;b1 #ai;a1 #bj ,h\ma #be ,huron #ba #h;d ,imbricat$ #ai #e;a ,k>oc #af #ac;c ,kiaha #ag #ac;d ,kiva #aj ,klama? #bc ,mattaponi #bh ,malecite #ba #h;d ,maidu #af #ad;c ,m5om9ee #i #ag;d ,m9iatures #bj ,mission #d1 #af #i;a1 #aa;b1 #ab;a1 #ad;a1 #ad;d ,modoc #ah #i;d ,mono-,paiute #bd ,nahwehteete #h ,navajo #aj1 #ae #ai;b ,niantic #d #ai;d ,ottawa #ac #f;d ,paiute #d1 #aj1 #af #aj;b1 #aj;c1 #ai;c ,papago #b1 #h1 #ag1 #ah #e;c1 #ac;d1 #ag;b ,pamunkey #bh ,panam9t #d #f;b1 #aa;c1 #ab;b ,passamaquoddy #ba #h;d ,pawnee #bc #d;d ,p5nacook #g #b;d ,p5obscot #c #aj;a ,pilgrims #g #b;c ,pima #a1 #ai #i;b ,platt] #d #ab;a1 #ab;c1 #ab;d ,plaques #aj1 #aa #ai;a1 #bj ,pomo #h1 #ab1 #bc1 #bd #c;a1 #d;b1 #ah;b1 #ah;c1 #ah;d ,porcup9e ,quills #bj #a;a ,pueblo #ac1 #bd #g;b ,quileutes #af ,quill ,decoration #bj #a;a ,qu9ault #d #ad;b ,quiv] #be #ba ,rappahannock #ad1 #bh #af;b ,r9s+ ,basket #d #ai;d ,root ,runn] ,basketry #bf1 #bg1 #bh1 #bi1 #cj ,san ,c>los #e ,s5eca-,cayuga #bc #d;c ,%o%one #d #f;b1 #aa;c1 #ab;b ,soyal #aj #bj ,specim5s ,no ,long] #c #f;c1 #i;c ,made & ,:y ,speck1 ,frank ,g4 #bf1 #bh1 #bi ,symbolic ,designs #e #ab;b ,?l9kits #ag #i;c ,tray #d1 #ah1 #ai1 #bc #d;d1 #i;b1 #i;d1 #aj;d ,tonto #e1 #ad #f;c ,umatilla #ah #ae;a ,ute #bd1 #be #c;c ,vani%+ ,indian #d ,wampanoag #g #b;c ,:alebone #ba1 #bb #a;b ,:ite ,m\nta9 ,apa*e #ab1 #ad #ag;c ,wickiup #af ,wa%oe #f1 #g #ag;a ,we/]n ,apa*e #e #ac;a ,yakima #ai #e;a ,yavapai ,apa*e #d1 #e #ab;d ,yuki #bg ,yokut #ad #af;a ,yurok #ah #i;d ,zuni #af ,transcrib]'s ,notes --,reta9$ publication in=mation f ! pr9t$ edition3 ?is e,book is public-doma9 9 ! c\ntry ( publication4 --,sil5tly correct$ a few typos4 --,modifi$ "s ref]5ces to plates = m conv5i5t hyp]l9k+ 7e4g41 8,plate #ag;a c0 *ang$ to 8,plate #ag;a1 #ag;c074 --,9 ! text v]sions only1 text 9 italics is delimit$ by und]scores4