,transcribed from the #ahgd ,j4 ,hewetson edition by ,david ,price1 email ccx#jgdpglaf4org ,picture3 ,pamphlet cover ,,remarks ,,upon ,,the ,,proposed ,,destruction ,,of ,,the ,,tower ,,of ,,the ,,parish ,,church1 ,,of ,,st4 ,,john1 ,,hampstead1 ,,being ,a ,,letter ,,addressed ,,to ,,the ,,revd ,,sherrard ,b4 ,,burnaby1 ,m4,a4 ,,vicar ,,of ,,hampstead4 ,,by ,,george ,,gilbert ,,scott1 ,m4,a4 ,sometime ,fellow of ,jesus ,college1 ,cambridge4 99 99 99 99 99 #bf1 ,,church ,,row1 ,,hampstead4 ,may #ast1 #ahgd4 ,,my ,,dear ,,mr4 ,,vicar1 ,will you permit me to address to you1 and through you to others1 some remarks upon the subject of the ,restoration of our ,parish ,church4 ,such a request needs ,i think no apology4 ,as a parishioner ,i cannot be indifferent to such a question4 ,as an architect1 whose attention has been directed professionally to the subject for more than two years1 ,i may fairly ask a hearing4 ,did ,i need a further excuse the address at the head of this letter would supply it4 ,living as ,i do1 and1 please ,god1 shall do for many years1 almost under the shade of the ,parish ,church1 and having it before my eyes continually1 ,i have every opportunity of coming to a clear opinion upon the matter1 and every motive to form a sound one4 ,the movement of public opinion which issued in the invitation to certain architects to submit in competition designs for the restoration of the building had two sources4 ,the existing arrangements of the church are not in accordance with the improved ecclesiastical taste of the present day4 ,the high pews which encumber the interior1 the galleries which disfigure its really fine proportions1 the cramped space about the holy table1 the unsightly reading desk1 the absence of any proper chancel1 and of any conveniences for a well-conducted choir1 shock the taste and offend the judgment of all well-informed churchmen4 ,it is probable however that this feeling would have failed to produce a general movement in favour of restoration had it not been aided by a fact1 the force of which was apparent to every one4 ,i allude of course to the settlement of the ,tower which had become serious as early as #ahbi4 ,in that year ,messrs4 ,vulliamy1 ,hardwick ,good were called in to report upon the state of the ,tower4 ,other reports were made in #ahfa1 #ahfd1 #ahff and #ahfh4 ,the cracks which the subsidence of the ,tower caused in those parts of the church which abut upon it1 occasioned naturally considerable alarm1 and the opinion became general that before long it would be necessary to take down the ,tower to avoid a catastrophe4 ,the scheme proposed early in #ahgb1 for the 8alteration and possibly enlargement of the ,parish ,church10 was the result of these two distinct impulses4 ,the course which was adopted reflects great credit upon the ,trustees4 ,instead of resorting to an open competition1 three architects were invited to send in designs1 and a proper remuneration was offered for the services of the unsuccessful competitors4 ,the ,trustees deserve the thanks of the profession and of the public for so straightforward and honourable a course4 ,the scheme submitted to the competing architects involved three conditions3 first1 the need of improvement in the arrangements of the church2 secondly1 the necessity of taking down the ,tower1 assumed to be in a dangerous state2 and thirdly1 a limit of expenditure fixed at #fejj4 ,for this sum it was required that a new ,tower and spire should be erected1 and a proper chancel be added to the existing nave terminating in an apse4 ,i cannot forbear in passing to remark upon the good taste shown in the suggestion1 contained in the instructions to the architects1 that the new tower should occupy a central position over the new chancel4 ,such a proposal shows a sound appreciation of the capabilities of the existing church and a regard for its surroundings1 which augurs well for the future of the building4 ,i am astonished to find that one of the competitors should have disregarded so judicious a suggestion4 ,i propose now to examine the three conditions which1 as ,i have said1 are assumed in the scheme of the trustees1 and ,i shall endeavour to show that one of them is unfounded1 and that two of them are mutually inconsistent4 ,of the necessity for an improvement in the arrangements of the church no one can be more thoroughly convinced than myself4 ,in spite of the care with which the services have been for many years conducted1 the attendance at our ,parish ,church has always been a duty rather than a pleasure4 ,the inconvenience of the principal entrances to the church1 placed as they are close to the very communion rails2 the extreme difficulty of kneeling in the high and narrow pews in which seat-holders are now impounded2 the position of the choir in the western gallery1 in rear1 instead of in face1 of the congregation2 the lofty reading desk1 from which the prayers seem to be preached rather than prayed2 the cramped space about the holy table by which the celebration of the ,communion is rendered most inconvenient2 the galleries which disfigure the interior1 and destroy the sense of the oneness of the whole congregation2 these and other defects are too obvious to need enforcing here4 ,the ,trustees have wisely recognised their existence and their scheme is a proposal to remove them4 ,in this every member of the congregation will heartily support them4 ,it is to the second point involved in their proposals that ,i wish to draw the attention of the parishioners--the assumed dangerous condition of the ,tower4 ,the ,tower was erected with the church about a century and a quarter ago1 and is not only of very good proportions but is remarkably well built4 ,there is not a symptom of failure in it from top to bottom4 ,careful and repeated examinations of it have convinced me that it is as sound as a bell throughout1 and that at the present time it is in every respect in as good condition as when it was first completed4 ,any person who takes the trouble to examine the building may see for himself that the cracks1 which appear in the eastern part of the church1 are not in the ,tower itself1 but only in the walls that abut upon it4 ,they are simply the result of the greater weight of the ,tower1 which has caused it to subside to a certain extent1 and so to crack the walls of the church1 and of the staircases1 which being lighter1 have undergone no settlement4 ,the ,tower has settled1 but it has done so in one block4 ,no better proof could be given of the excellent workmanship and capital condition of the tower1 than the fact that its subsidence has caused no fracture whatever1 in the fabric of the tower itself4 ,the settlement is due to an exceptional cause1 the decay of the planking on which its foundation are laid1 but every old tower in the country has undergone similar movement from analogous causes4 ,these movements may not be so obvious to the unprofessional eye because1 having generally occurred within a century or so of the erection of the towers1 the cracks which they caused have long since been made good4 ,subsidences of this kind come to an end after a certain time1 the foundations take a solid bearing and no further movement from this cause can then arise4 ,the great tower of ,st4 ,nicholas church in ,hamburg1 upon the erection of which my father has been engaged for twenty years1 though it is not yet completed1 and though it stands upon one of the finest masses of concrete ever put in1 has already subsided more than six inches4 ,our ,hampstead tower has gone down something less than three inches4 ,i need scarcely say that it is not proposed to pull down the tower of ,st4 ,nicholas on account of its six inches subsidence4 ,why then should our ,hampstead church be condemned4 ,the ,tower is of excellent proportion and outline4 ,it is a very interesting and characteristic example of its date1 and forms with the adjacent buildings in ,church ,row an almost unique group of #ahth century architecture1 of the greatest interest not only to the architect and the artist1 but also to every person of taste and discrimination4 ,no reason exists for its removal which would not condemn to destruction half the old churches in the country4 ,to pull it down would be an act of needless vandalism4 ,it is associated with the earliest recollections of those who1 like myself1 have known ,hampstead from their childhood1 and it is the one public building of any antiquity which our township possesses4 ,to do away with it is to destroy a piece of good work which1 if left to itself1 will endure for centuries1 and to incur the perfectly needless and heavy expense of erecting a new tower4 ,the cause of the settlement of the ,tower is1 as ,i have stated1 the decay of the timber planking upon which its foundations are laid4 ,this has taken place to a greater extent upon the west side than upon the east4 ,the consequence of this has been to give the ,tower a slight inclination westward4 ,in #ahfh1 ,mr4 ,hesketh and my father were instructed by the ,trustees to examine the foundations4 ,they found that the planking had entirely perished upon the western side1 and that the foundations in this part rested upon the natural soil1 which is a compact loam4 ,upon the eastern side a thickness of #b inches of planking still remained1 only partially decayed4 ,the report which the architects made at that time stated1 that it was probable that the planking under the eastern side would gradually perish1 and that as this took place the ,tower would settle down upon the eastern side until it rested upon the loam4 ,the perpendicular position would thus be gradually restored1 and no further movement would then occur4 ,i have recently plumbed the ,tower myself1 and ,i find that this conjecture is borne out by the result of my measurements4 ,the inclination of the ,tower westward has decreased from seven inches in #ahfh to from four to five inches at the present time1 thus affording a proof of the soundness of the conclusion arrived at by ,mr4 ,heskett and my father six years ago4 ,i give in a tabular form the results of the observations made upon the ,tower at different dates1 by which it will be seen that the inclination of the ,tower has decreased steadily since #ahbi4 #g #ahbi #ahfa #ahfd #ahff #ahfh #ahgd ,inclination westward in #aj #f #g #g #g #d to #e height of #gh feet ,excess of subsidence on #b #a #a full #a full #a #a to #a west side over that on east1 causing the westward inclination ,it will appear from this that from #a to #a thickness of planking remains still undecayed under the eastern foundations4 ,at the present rate of movement1 therefore1 the decay will be complete in about six years time4 ,the ,tower will then have resumed its perpendicular position1 and no further settlement need be anticipated4 ,even at the present time the inclination is less than the amount of the set-off of the ,tower1 without taking into account the spreading of the foundations4 ,the top of the ,tower1 therefore1 stands well within its base1 and the apprehension of any sort of danger is absolutely unfounded4 ,there exists1 therefore1 no excuse whatever for destroying our ,tower4 ,the second point to which ,i wish to draw attention is the important one of expense4 ,the proposals of the ,trustees are quite inconsistent with the limit of expenditure which they have fixed4 ,the scheme which has been put forward includes not only a new ,tower1 but also a new chancel1 terminating in an apse1--the addition of transepts--the removal or extensive modification of the galleries--the erection of new staircases1 and convenient vestries for clergy and choir--the construction of proper covered approaches--the reseating of the whole of the church--the decoration of the interior1 and a re-arrangement of the warming and gas-lighting4 ,to suppose that this grand scheme can be carried out for #fejj1 8including professional and other charges10 at the present price of work in the building trades is simply absurd4 ,it reminds one of a story told of the late ,mr4 ,pugin4 ,a ,roman ,catholic ,bishop is said to have written to the architect1 ordering designs for a cathedral complete in every respect1 and furnished with all the necessary paraphernalia of worship1 which the bishop was careful to particularise4 ,the total cost was not to exceed two thousand pounds1 but the bishop stated that he did not expect the completion of the two western towers to be included in this amount4 ,mr4 ,pugin's reply was to this effect1 8,my dear ,lord ,bishop1--,make it guineas and have the towers40 ,the present proposal is almost as absurd to anyone who knows the price of building work at the present time4 ,if a perfectly substantial tower is to be destroyed it will be an absolute duty to replace it by one of higher character1 and larger proportions1 the cost of which could not fall short of #djjj1 and would probably reach a much higher figure4 ,to carry out properly the scheme of the ,trustees1 a sum would be required which would be nearer #ab1jjj than #fjjj4 ,is it fair to saddle the ,parish with such an expenditure1 the greater part of which is entirely needless8 ,for the really necessary alterations of our church1 the funds which the ,trustees have at their disposal will suffice1 if judiciously laid out4 ,should more be really needed1 the parishioners will not be backward in supporting so good a work4 ,but it seems very unfair to us1 to force upon us a scheme1 which involves a perfectly unnecessary outlay1 a very large proportion of which will have to be met by the voluntary contributions of the parishioners4 ,what is really required we shall all1 ,i am sure1 be willing to contribute to1 but we ought not to be asked to provide large sums to carry out works which are quite unnecessary1 and which those of us1 whose knowledge and taste give them a right to an opinion1 would sincerely deplore4 ,were our ,tower an old ,gothic one1 even of the least interesting date1 the proposal to sweep it away would be scouted at once as utter barbarism4 ,those whose attention is directed to architecture and art know very well1 that such work as the last two centuries produced1 has an interest and a value only second to that of the earlier styles4 ,there is a great movement of artistic feeling in favour of the architecture of the reigns of ,queen ,anne and the earlier ,georges1 and it would be quite intolerable that our ,parish1 which is so full of the associations of that period1 and the home of so many artists and men of taste1 should distinguish itself by an act of stupidity which would really be quite behind the age4 ,it is common enough to hear people say 8how ugly the ,parish ,church is10 8what frightful windows10 8how unecclesiastical10 8just like a meeting-house10 c4 c4 ,to combat the prejudices of mere ignorance is always a difficult task1 and such views are in reality nothing else4 ,they are the opinions of average common-place1 rendered plausible only by constant repetition4 ,the only portion of the church which can fairly be called ugly1 is the exterior of the western transept1 erected within our own memory4 ,the rest of the exterior is plain1 only because the architect1 having a limited sum at his command1 wisely determined to spend the greatest portion of it upon his interior4 ,there would be no difficulty in embellishing the exterior with suitable architectural enrichments1 if it be desired1 and ,i think that some improvement might be effected in the parapet of the tower4 ,but the interior is really stately1 and a person who does not see how vastly superior its effect is1 to that of the generality of our new churches in dignity and refinement1 must be singularly deficient in artistic discrimination4 ,the notion that a church must necessarily be ,gothic1 is a mere caricature of that reasonable admiration for medival work1 which is felt by all men of taste4 ,it is only a shallow mind which1 because it prefers ,westminster ,abbey1 is blind to the merits of ,st4 ,paul's4 ,i yield to no one in my love of medival art1 but ,i recognise the merits of the really good work of all schools1 and ,i simply cannot understand the dull and stupid prejudice which could propose to destroy an interesting and dignified building1 and 8to do away with an historical and artistic landmark1 in order to substitute for it a church which would be undistinguishable from the crowd of common-place which this century is producing40 ,i have so great confidence in the sound sense of the ,trustees1 and in the affection of ,hampstead people for the associations of our old ,parish ,church1 that ,i feel sure it only needs that the facts should be put clearly before them1 to ensure the adoption of a judiciously conservative course4 ,there is one simple and sufficiently obvious plan by which the requirements of the case may be satisfactorily met4 ,it is most desirable to secure a properly arranged chancel4 ,to do this without loss of accommodation the church must be enlarged1 but instead of adding to it toward the east1 involving1 as this does1 the destruction of the ,tower1 and the costly expenditure of erecting a new one1 the obvious thing is to extend it westward4 ,there is ample space for such an enlargement1 and there are at least two modes in which this may well be carried out4 ,the simplest is to remove the galleries1 or at least a portion of them1 and to form a chancel by screening off the two eastern bays of the present nave1 or even three if desired4 ,many of our finest ancient churches has their chancels arranged upon this system4 ,i may mention1 as well known examples1 the churches of ,grantham and ,newark1 and the noble church of ,st4 ,michael at ,coventry4 ,to provide for the loss of accommodation involved in the removal of the galleries and the formation of a proper chancel1 the nave should be extended westward4 ,it will be found that the addition of a second western transept of the same size as the present one would give the required number of seats1 and if thought desirable1 a western aisle1 or narthex1 might be added beyond the new transept1 giving an opportunity for a ,baptistry in its correct position1 and of effective design4 ,this plan has the great advantage of interfering to the smallest possible extent with existing graves4 ,a certain portion of the ground required for this extension is already occupied by a terrace1 and the fall of the ground is such1 that the whole of the new work might be built on arches1 or upon vaults enclosing the few interments which occur in that part of the church-yard4 ,if more room be required1 the existing transept might be extended some #aj feet1 north and south1 without any interference with graves1 and the new building would be widened by the same amount4 ,this question of graves seems to me of the utmost importance1 and it has not1 apparently received the attention which it deserves4 ,this consideration1 by itself1 is fatal to the plan of an eastward extension of the church1 the ground to the east of the building being perfectly full of interments4 ,i have said that it might be necessary to retain a portion at least of the existing galleries4 ,i confess ,i should greatly deplore this necessity1 and ,i doubt whether it really exists4 ,the population of the district attached to the ,parish ,church is about #gejj4 ,the accommodation of the present church is nominally #afjj1 and this was the number which the competing architects were directed to provide for in their plans4 ,the actual accommodation of the church is1 however1 very much below this figure1 and ,i do not believe that it ever really seats more than from #abjj to #acjj4 ,such a number at any rate is amply sufficient for the needs of the district1 and this number could easily be provided for by the plan of extension which ,i have suggested1 without any galleries whatever4 ,i need scarcely insist upon the great advantage to the proportions of the building and to the comfort of the congregation1 which would be secured by the removal of all the galleries4 ,such a scheme as ,i have indicated may be carried out thoroughly well for the sum which the ,trustees have at their disposal1 and there would still be a margin left for such decorations and improvements as are needed in the body of the existing church4 ,should funds be unexpectedly forthcoming for the erection of a really handsome tower1 no finer position could be desired1 than the centre of the west front of the addition which ,i have proposed4 ,the fall of the ground would give extraordinary dignity to a tower so placed4 ,it would have a most striking effect from ,frognal1 and the view of it on approaching ,hampstead from the west1 seen1 as it would be1 in conjunction with the existing eastern tower1 would be something quite unusually fine4 ,anyone possessing the sense of architectural effect1 will see at once the great dignity and picturesqueness of such a group4 ,a tower worthy of such a position is no doubt beyond the means of the ,trustees1 but it would afford a fine opportunity for the private munificence of some one or more of our wealthy parishioners4 ,if precedents be desired for such an arrangement of two towers1 they will be found in ,ely ,cathedral1 at ,swaffham1 and at ,fakenham4 ,i may add that the organ would be placed in one of the aisles immediately behind the choir seats4 ,this plan it will be observed utilises the whole of the existing building1 whereas that which has received the approval of the ,trustees retains little of it beside the modern western transept4 ,if those who are anxious for proper chancel arrangements should be dissatisfied with a ,quire marked off by screens1 there is another mode of extending the ,church1 by which a constructional chancel and the fashionable apse may be obtained4 ,i am1 so far1 however1 from sympathising with this feeling1 that in large town churches ,i distinctly prefer what may be termed the ,basilican arrangement4 ,i consider that a chancel distinguished by a proper number of steps and by screens behind the stalls1 is far preferable1 in a town church1 to one formed in the construction of the building1 involving as this does massive piers1 obstructive to sight and sound4 ,with a chancel constructed as the ,trustees propose1 the great majority of persons seated in the aisles will see little or nothing of the choir4 ,i consider this a very serious defect4 ,if the congregation is to sing with the choir1 as we all desire1 it is of the greatest importance that we should be able to see as well as hear4 ,for the real uses of a modern church the interior cannot be too unobstructed1 and it seems to me a retrograde movement to attempt to convert a church1 which1 but for the galleries1 is singularly open and thoroughly congregational1 into one in which at least one third of the people would not see nearly so well as they do at present4 ,should1 however1 the opposite view unfortunately prevail1 and a 8constructional chancel0 and an 8apsidal termination0 be decided on1 there is no difficulty at all in providing for them upon the principle of a westward extension4 ,i should propose in this case simply to reverse the church1 and to place the new chancel and apse at the west end4 ,the tower would thus remain as it is1 but ,i should advise that a central entrance should be formed through it1 where the present vestry is4 ,a second tower might be erected if funds allow1 over the new chancel1 with all the advantages of position upon which ,i have already dwelt in describing the former plan4 ,spacious vestries might be formed at the side of the new chancel1 or if preferred1 below it1 for which the fall of the ground and the ascent to the chancel would give ample height4 ,a very fine effect might be obtained by ascending to the chancel in the centre and descending on either side to the vestries below4 ,the only possible objection to this plan is one rather of prejudice than of knowledge4 ,it is thought by some persons that it is 8incorrect0 to place the holy table at the west end of a church instead of at the east4 ,now it is a singular fact1 known to every ecclesiologist1 that although from the earliest times churches have always been built east and west1 yet the eastern position of the holy table is of late introduction4 ,the primitive arrangement1 as exhibited in the ,basilicas1 places the holy table almost universally at the western end of the church1 and the minister stood upon its western side facing the congregation4 ,not only does this arrangement prevail in ,st4 ,peter's1 #ac and in almost all the other ,basilicas at ,rome1 including the exceedingly early church recently brought to light beneath the ,basilica of ,san ,clemente1 but it is found also1 without ,i believe an exception1 in the churches discovered in ,eastern ,syria by the ,count de ,vogu1 the greater portion of which are earlier than the reign of ,constantine4 ,it is the arrangement of the church of the ,holy ,sepulchre1 and it must be considered to be the original type adopted by the ,christian church before medival developments had interfered with the primitive idea4 ,a tradition of it still remains in many of the great ,german churches1 which have a ,quire and a ,high ,altar at both ends of the church4 ,to come nearer home1 there is at least one church in this parish built upon this plan4 ,it would be difficult to find an objection to so venerable a tradition1 but some persons1 not very conversant with such matters1 have a fancy of their own1 that the graves in a church yard point toward the holy table1 and upon this ground they object to its removal westward4 ,a moment's consideration will show that those graves which lie to the east of the church point away from the table1 and that those in the extreme south of the church-yard can hardly be said to be directed towards the sanctuary1 which is situated far to the north of them4 ,the eastward direction of graves has nothing whatever to do with the position of the chancel4 ,it originated from a belief1 which prevailed in very early times1 that in ,his second ,advent1 our ,lord would appear from the ,east1 an opinion curiously enough founded upon the text of ,matthew xxiv4 #bg4 #ad ,whatever may be the value of this belief the custom is venerable1 and no one would wish to interfere with it1 but it has nothing whatever to do with the position of the chancel and holy table4 ,indeed ,i ought to apologise1 ,mr4 ,vicar1 for taking up time in the exposure of so obvious a blunder4 ,this plan1 without the second tower1 would not be more expensive than the first one which ,i have described4 ,it meets the requirements of the case1 provided the apse is a sine qua non1 exceedingly well1 and would provide all the accommodation which is really needed1 without the retention of the galleries1 and at a very moderate cost4 ,it has the further advantage of retaining the present approach to the church from the east1 which1 both from the lie of the ground1 and the position of the chief part of our population1 is the easiest and the most natural4 ,i have now1 ,i trust1 succeeded in showing that the necessity for destroying our ,tower1 and with it a great portion of the present church1 is purely imaginary4 ,there are1 as ,i have explained1 at least two methods1 by which all that the ,parish desires may be provided without this sacrifice1 and for the money which the ,trustees actually see their way to raise4 ,i have also explained that the luxury1 for so it is1 of a handsome tower capable of holding a fine peal of bells1 may very well be obtained upon either of these plans4 ,indeed the architectural effect of a church with two towers1 as ,i have suggested1 would be unusually fine1 and either scheme would give a dignity to our church1 beyond its real dimensions1 and not unworthy of its admirable position4 ,i have only to add1 that in either case the exterior of the nave should be enriched with a balustrade1 with proper architraves to the windows1 and with pilasters between them4 #ae ,such a treatment would make the exterior worthy of the interior1 and would in itself raise the whole character of the building at a very moderate expense4 ,there is yet one other suggestion which ,i have to make before ,i conclude4 ,should funds be available1 from some unexpected source1 it may be a question whether it would not be better to erect an entirely new church1 upon a new and more convenient site4 ,i should myself incline very strongly to this view1 in the case ,i have supposed4 ,it would be impossible to erect a large and handsome new church upon the site of the present one1 without a most deplorable interference with numbers of interments1 many of them of comparatively recent date4 ,the site too is not sufficiently central for the district now attached to the church1 and it would not be difficult to find one in every way more suitable4 ,in this case the old church would remain as a very serviceable chapel of ease4 ,the galleries might be removed1 the pews cut down1 and proper chancel arrangements introduced at a very small cost4 ,we should thus be spared the loss of the associations which cling about our old church1 and the convenience of an increasing population would be amply provided for4 ,this is too much1 perhaps1 to hope for4 ,i will only say that such a proposal1 provided only it included the preservation of the present church1 would have1 ,i feel sure1 the cordial support of the parishioners4 ,i must apologise1 ,mr4 ,vicar1 for the length to which this letter has extended4 ,i could not in a shorter space1 express fully and clearly my views upon a subject which interests me beyond expression4 ,these views are the result of more than two years consideration of the question by one who has the building before his eyes every day1 and is one of the congregation who worship in it4 ,i am anxious beyond measure to divert the ,parish from an act of vandalism1 which it has been led to contemplate1 mainly ,i believe from an erroneous opinion as to the condition of the present ,tower4 ,as a professional man1 ,i assert1 as ,i have already done1 that there are no grounds whatever for pulling down our ,tower4 ,such an act would be an outrage on good taste1 and a wanton waste of public money4 ,i have the honour to be1 ,my dear ,sir1 ,your faithful servant1 ,,george ,,gilbert ,,scott4 ,to the ,,revd4 ,,sherrard ,b4 ,,burnaby1 ,,vicar ,,of ,,hampstead4 99 99 99 99 99 ,printed by ,j4 ,,hewetson1 #e1 ,high ,street1 ,hampstead4 ,,footnotes4 #g ,the inclination southward1 estimated at or of an inch1 is too trivial to need remark4 #ac ,it was the plan of the ancient ,st4 ,peter's as it is that of the present church4 #ad 8,for as the lightning cometh out of the east1 and shineth even unto the west1 so shall also the coming of the ,son of ,man be40 #ae ,i hope1 however1 we may be spared those wretched translations of ,gothic tracery into classic1 formed by two semicircles supporting a circle1 by which some of ,wren's finest churches have lately been disfigured4