,a ,,manual ,,( ,,m5d+ ,,& ,,repair+ ,,) ,,diagrams ,,by ,,*>les ,,godfrey ,,lel& ,,new ,,york ,,dodd1 ,,mead ,,& ,,company #ahif ,,copyright1 #ahif1 ,,by ,,dodd1 ,,mead ,,& ,,company4 ,,burr ,,pr9t+ ,,h\se1 ,,frank=t ,,& ,,jacob ,,/s41 ,n4 ,y4 ,,cont5ts ,,pages ,,introduction vii-xxiii ,,mat]ials ,,us$ ,,9 ,,m5d+ #a-aa ,,m5d+ ,,brok5 ,,*9a1 ,,porcela91 ,,crock]y1 ,,majolica1 ,,t]ra-,,cotta1 ,,brick ,,& ,,tile ,,"w #ab-cb ,,m5d+ ,,glass1 ,,toge!r ,,) ,,sev]al ,,alli$ ,,processes3 ,,approv$ ,,cem5ts--,,silicate ,,( ,,soda #cc-di ,,wood-,,%av+s ,,9 ,,m5d+ ,,& ,,mak+ ,,_m ,,objects--,,ornam5tal ,,"w ,,( ,,%av+s--,,m>quetry--,,repair+ ,,panel ,,pictures ,,) ,,%av+s #ej-eg ,,repair+ ,,woodwork #eh-he ,,on ,,repair+ ,,& ,,re/or+ ,,books1 ,,manuscripts1 ,,& ,,pap]s1 ,,) ,,directions ,,= ,,easy ,,b9d+ ,,& ,,pap]-,,m5d+--,,book-,,worms--,,! ,,ravages ,,( ,,book-,,worms #hf-abj ,,papi]-,m,,*3 ,,repair+ ,,toys--,,mak+ ,,gr\nds ,,= ,,pictures ,,& ,,walls--,,c>ton-,,cuir ,,& ,,c>ton-,,pi]re #aba-acc ,,m5d+ ,,/one-,,"w3 ,,mosaics--,,c]esa-,,"w--,,porcela9 ,,or ,,crock]y ,,mosaic #acd-adb ,,repair+ ,,ivory #adc-aee ,,repair+ ,,amb]3 ,,h[ ,,to ,,p]fectly ,,re-,,jo9 ,,brok5 ,,amb]1 ,,& ,,to ,,imitate ,,x--,,h[ ,,to ,,melt ,,amb] ,,9 ,,fragm5ts ,,to ,a ,,s+le ,,body #aef-aeh ,,indi>ubb] ,,& ,,gutta-,,p]*a3 ,,m5d+ ,,indi>ubb] ,,%oes ,,& ,,mak+ ,,g>m5ts ,,wat]pro(1 ,,) ,,o!r ,,applications #aei-afh ,,m5d+ ,,metal-,,"w ,,or ,,repair+ ,,by ,,means ,,( ,,x3 ,,firepro( ,,cem5ts1 ,,) ,,iron ,,b9d]s #afi-ahb ,,repair+ ,,lea!r-,,"w3 ,,trunks1 ,,%oes1 ,,or ,,9 ,,any ,,o!r ,,=ms--,,jo9+ ,,/raps--,,mak+ ,,*eap ,,%oes #ahc-aih ,,to ,,m5d ,,hats1 ,,blankets1 ,,& ,,simil> ,,fabrics ,,by ,,felt+ #aii-bja ,,invisible ,,m5d+ ,,( ,,g>m5ts1 ,,laces1 ,,or ,,embroid]ies #bjb-bje ,,m5d+ ,,"m-,,(-,,pe>l ,,& ,,coral #bjf-bji ,,re/or+ ,,& ,,repair+ ,,pictures #baj-bcj ,,g5]al ,,recipes #bca-bec ,,index #bee-bfd ,,introduction ,! au?or ( ?is "w mode/ly tru/s t all :o read x ) c>e w admit t 9 x he has di/9ctly %[n t m5d+ or repair+1 :i* has hi!rto be5 reg>d$ z a m]e adjunct to o!r arts1 is really an art by itself1 if n a sci5ce1 s9ce x is bas$ on *emical & o!r pr9ciples1 :i* admit ( ext5sive application & g5]al comb9ation4 ,x has its laws--a fact :i* has nev] be5 h9t$ at by any writ]1 s9ce all recipes = re/oration 9 exi/5ce are ea* s+ly inv5tions made to suit c]ta9 cases4 ,?is "w has be5 conceiv$ on a diff]5t pr9ciple4 ,a ?or\gh k ( ?is art ( repair+1 m5d+1 or re/or+ v>i\s objects is ( v great value1 s9ce !re is no h\sehold 9 :i* x is n (t5 call$ into requisition4 ,9 ! kit*5 or draw+-room1 9 ! libr>y & nurs]y1 !re are daily breakages1 ( :i* a l>ge & ne$less proportion are losses1 simply because su* a man z a g5]al m5d]1 :o is accompli%$ 9 all bran*es ( ! art1 does n exi/4 ,&1 :at is m1 x is equally true t no "o has ev] realis$ to :at a va/ ext5t m5d+ & sav+ may be c>ri$1 ) a little exp5diture ( "t1 practice1 & money1 by any intellig5t p]son :o w devote s]i\s att5tion to x4 ,)9 a comp>atively few ye>s discov]ies 9 sci5ce or 9 nature h enl>g$ ! ability ( ! m5d] to an extraord9>y ext5t--,i ne$ only m5tion ! applications n[ made ) silicate ( soda1 celluloid1 gutta p]*a1 & glyc]9e to confirm :at ,i say--s l>gely1 inde$1 t only ! accompli%$ te*nologi/ & *emi/ is really aw>e ( :at c be done 9 g5]al repair+ comp>$ to :at 0 possible only a few ye>s ago4 ,i believe t !re are few ?or\ghly practical p]sons 7&1 ,i may add1 few :o take an int]e/ 9 art 9 any =m1 or ev5 9 books7 :o w read ?is "w )\t deep int]e/1 & )\t acquir+ in=mation ( su* value t 9 comp>ison to x ! co/ ( ! book w seem a trifle4 ,?\gh m5d+ or re/or+ is a subject :i* 9 "s =m comes home to & conc]ns ev]ybody1 & :i* x is assur$ly ev]ybody's int]e/ to und]/&1 ?is is1 ,i believe1 ! fir/ book 9 :i* its application to a great v>iety ( wants has be5 made1 & t 9 su* a cle>ly co-ord9at$ mann]1 & accord+ to su* a simple pr9ciple1 t :oev] reads x c h no difficulty 9 m5d+ any object1 ev5 ?\gh x be n describ$ "h4 ,9 all works ( ! k9d :i* ,i h se5 ! recipes = repair+ h be5 giv5 simply accord+ to _! subjects1 )\t any view to g5]al pr9ciples ( application1 & a great proportion ( ^! 7 9 turn simply copi$ f old books ( miscellane\s 8receipts10 or newspap]s 9 :i* e s-call$ new discov]y is ann\nc$ z infallible1 or z if x _h be5 tri$ & te/$ to p]fection4 ,t ,i h n recklessly accumulat$ 9 ?is fa%ion all k9ds ( recipes to fill my pages w appe> v pla9ly to e *emi/ or te*nologi/1 :o w p]ceive t1 proce$+ f a compreh5sive table ( g5]ally recognis$ & long-te/$ bases ( cem5ts1 ,i h giv5 d$uctions & comb9ations sci5tifically agree+ ) _! laws & ) exp]im5t4 ,! true object ( giv+ a great numb] ( recipes has n be5 solely or simply to supply ! h\se-keep] or me*anic ) in/ructions = c]ta9 repairs1 b also to sugge/ to ! te*nologi/ & inv5tor new ideas & applications4 ,?us1 :5 we "k t giv5 proportions ( z9c 9 p[d]1 silicate ( soda1 & *alk =m a /rong cem5t1 resembl+ z9c1 x is z well to sugge/ t ?is may be v>i$ by employ+ o!r metals & sub/ances1 su* z bronze-p[d]s & m9]al oxides1 to be always prec$$ by a little exp]im5t4 ,i v5ture to say t any intellig5t p]son :o ma/]s ?is "w c1 on ?is h9t1 make = himself innum]able inv5tions2 & ,i am sure t !re is n ! editor ( a s+le te*nological j\rnal :o w n te/ify to ! fact t e ye> a great _m pat5ts are tak5 out & =tunes made f recipes :i* are nei!r s sci5tifically comb9$ nor practically useful z ^? :i* ,i "h give4 ,t !re are =tunes /ill to be made is abundantly prov$ by ! fact t !re are v few p1 comp>atively speak+1 :o "k :]e to get or h[ to make wat]pro( glue1 or h[ to m5d ) x1 neatly & durably1 %oes1 umbrellas1 & _m r5ts 9 g>m5ts2 h[ to unite a brok5 /rap2 m5d1 by felt+1 torn hats2 rehabilitate p]fectly worm-eat5 & torn-away pap]2 re/ore decay$ brok5 wood2 or m5d1 9 fact1 any?+ except ) common glue or mucilage--bo? ( :i* soon give way & crack or melt4 ,s long z su* g5]al ignorance prevails1 j s long !re w be an opportunity = ! inv5tor to make & sell cem5ts1 & = ! repair] to f9d employm5t4 ,i call special att5tion to ! fact t ?is book conta9s no m]ely traditional1 unte/$ recipes :i* h be5 simply transf]r$ f "o ,h\sekeep]'s ,manual to ano!r = g5]ations4 ,:]e ,i h n be5 guid$ by my own p]sonal exp]i5ce--:i* is1 ,i v5ture to say1 n v limit$--,i h ei!r foll[$ truly sci5tific works1 su* z ! ?ree hundr$ volumes ( ! ,*emical-,te*nical ,libr>y ( ,a4 ,,h>tleb52 or1 :5 cit+ f old] au?ors1 h inv>iably giv5 recipes :i* agree ) ! pr9ciples advanc$ by mod]n analy/s & inv5tors4 ,& ?\gh n a pr(essor ( *emi/ry1 yet1 z ,i /udi$ x & natural philosophy 9 my y\? "u ,,leopold ,,gmel91 ,l4 ,,passelt1 & ,pr(essor ,,joseph ,,h5ry1 ,i tru/ t ,i h be5 suffici5tly qualifi$ to avoid errors 9 :at ,i h writt54 ,9 %ort1 t ,i h n recklessly accumulat$ e recipe :i* ,i c\ld f9d1 & t :at ,i give are really tru/wor?y1 w appe> pla9ly to ! *emi/ or te*nologi/1 :o w p]ceive t1 proce$+ f a giv5 table ( g5]ally recognis$ & long-te/$ bases ( cem5ts1 c41 ,i h !n giv5 d$uctions & comb9ations sci5tifically agree+ ) _! laws & ) exp]im5t4 ,my book is n a pice de manufacture1 or ( hack-"w1 b "o :i* is ! result ( _m ye>s ( practical exp]i5ce 9 ! m9or arts & indu/ries1 on :i* subject alone ,i h publi%$ tw5ty-two works1 )\t includ+ pamphlets1 lectures1 & at lea/ "o hundr$ lett]s or articles 9 lead+ magaz9es & newspap]s4 ,!re is1 9 %ort1 v little m5d+ or mak+ describ$ 9 ?is book :i* ,i h n at "o "t or o!r p]sonally effect$1 hav+ _h all my life a passion = m5d+ & re/or+ all k9ds ( objects1 & t sci5tifically & ?or\ghly4 ,z ,i h obs]v$1 !re is 9 e h\sehold cont9ual breakage ( _m k9ds--8or ( ! r5d+ :i* cries = m5d+0--x is a matt] ( "s importance t "s "o 9 ! family %\ld pay special att5tion to su* matt]s4 ,h[ (t5 h ,i se5 v valuable objects /uck toge!r--anyh[ & clumsily--) putty1 waf]s1 seal+-wax1 glue1 fl\r-pa/e1 or any?+ :i* w 8hold0 = a "t1 :5 a p]fect cure might h j z well be5 effect$ _h ! prop] recipe be5 tak5 to ! fir/ *emi/4 ,?is is equally true z reg>ds tak+ ink or /a9s out ( g>m5ts1 or repair+ ! latt] p]fectly1 or m5d+ %oes or indi>ubb] clo?1 or felt+ worn hats & _m o!r articles1 all ( :i* are treat$ ( 9 ?is "w4 ,x is true t ev]ybody is n naturally +5i\s1 or clev]1 or gift$1 b all may become skilful m5d]s if !y w duly consid] ! subject 7:i* requires no h>d /udy7 & exp]im5t on x a little4 ,& "h ,i w\ld s]i\sly address a few words to all :o are int]e/$ 9 education4 ,!re is a c]ta9 faculty :i* may be call$ con/ructiv5ess1 :i* is ne>ly alli$ to inv5tion1 & :i* is a m>vell\s develop] 9 all *ildr5 ( quickness ( p]ception1 ?\ght1 or intellect4 ,x is ! art ( us+ ! f+]s to make or manipulate1 9 any way2 x exi/s 9 e human be+1 & x may be br\ght out to an extraord9>y degree 9 ! "y1 z has be5 fully te/$ & prov$4 ,n[1 if we take two *ildr5 ( ! same age1 sex1 & capacity1 bo? go+ to ! same s*ool & pursu+ ! same /udies1 & if "o ( ! two devotes f two to f\r h\rs a week to an indu/rial art class 7i4e41 /udy+ simple orig9al design1 easy wood-c>v+1 rep\ss1 embroid]y1 c471 x w be f\nd--z x has be5 by v ext5sive exp]im5t--t ! latt] *ild w at ! end ( ! ye> excel ! =m] 9 all bran*es ( le>n+2 t is to say1 9 ari?metic or geography1 s greatly does +5uity proce$ f ! f+]s to ! bra94 ,n[1 m5d+ is s ne>ly alli$ to all ! m9or or me*anical arts1 x ent]s into !m s closely1 t x 9 a mann] belongs to & is an introduction to !m all4 ,l !m1 x /imulates inv5tion or +5uity1 & is p]haps ( f> great] practical utility or direct use4 ,boys & girls le>n v will+ly h[ to m5d1 &1 f a long exp]i5ce 9 tea*+ !m1 ,i %\ld say t a class ) exp]im5ts & practical in/ruction 9 :at is giv5 9 ?is book %\ld take prec$5ce ( all c>p5try1 metal-"w1 jo9+1 lea!r-"w1 or any o!r bran*es :atev]4 ,= x is easi] ?an any ( !m1 & x is ( f> m g5]al utility1 z ! foll[+ pages cle>ly %[4 ,su* tea*+ w\ld co/ next to no?+ = outfit1 & w\ld be ! be/ introduction to te*nical education ( all k9ds4 ,!re is an imm5se am\nt ( breakage 9 ?is _w1 yet1 z a ,fr5* writ] on ! subject obs]ves1 !re are m great arti/s ?an good m5d]s2 ! latt] be+ s extremely r>e t pro(s ( x are se5 9 bungl+ re/orations 9 e museum 9 ,europe1 & 9 ! almo/ impossibility ( f9d+ 7out ( ,italy7 m5 :o c p]fectly m5d fir/-class c]amic w>e4 ,we see ?is ignorance 9 reproductions ( delicate ivory w>e co>sely ca/ 9 gypsum1 & 9 a va/ rejection & de/ruction ( antiquities 9 wood1 /one1 or c]amic w>e1 simply because !y are mo/ ignorantly suppos$ to be beyond repair :5 !y might1 ) prop] k1 be v easily & *eaply re/or$1 to great pr(it4 ,& if ! read] w visit ! 8dead rooms0 ( any museum 9 ,europe & !n /udy ?is book1 he w f9d ample confirmation ( :at ,i say4 ,& "h ,i w\ld m5tion t e collector or own] ( any k9d ( works ( art1 ( bric--brac1 or curiosities1 :o w ma/] ! art ( m5d+1 c f9d an illimitable field = pick+ up b>ga9s 9 almo/ e %op ( antiquities 9 ,europe1 especially 9 ! small] or humbl] k9d4 ,= x is v f> f be+ true t ^! deal]s "k 8h[ to m5d ev]y?+20 on ! contr>y1 ,i h (t5 f\nd !m v ignorant inde$ ( m5d+1 & h frequ5tly in/ruct$ !m 9 x4 ,?us ,i n[ h be=e me a 8,holy ,family0 ( ! e>ly sixte5? c5tury1 bas-relief 9 /amp$ lea!r1 twelve in*es by eight1 = :i* ,i paid two francs1 b :i* ,i might h _h = "o1 x be+ utt]ly dilapidat$1 & app>5tly ( no value4 ,9 two or ?ree h\rs ,i re/or$ x p]fectly1 & x w\ld n[ sell = p]haps a hundr$ francs4 ,by x hangs a 8,madonna & ,*ild10 pa9t$ on a panel1 gold gr\nd1 f\rte5? c5tury1 :i*1 includ+ a v broad & rem>kable old frame1 ,i pur*as$ bo? = twelve francs4 ,! panel 0 w>p$ l a sabre1 ,illu/ration1 ! col\r & gesso gr\nd badly scal$ away 9 _m places4 ,x 0 split 9 two pieces2 9 %ort1 x appe>$ to be ne>ly wor?less4 ,n[ x is 9 v good condition1 & w\ld be an ornam5t to any gall]y4 ,z reg>ds repair+ c]amic w>e or *9a1 glass1 & porcela91 art has ( late ye>s made rem>kable advances1 ?is k9d ( m5d+ be+ ! mo/ 9 requisition4 ,z = old c>v$ wood1 no matt] h[ badly brok5 x may be1 eat5 away by worms1 or rott51 or ev5 want+ l>ge pieces1 s long z its orig9al =m is evid5t1 x c be v easily repair$ or re/or$ to all its orig9al beauty & integrity1 z ,i %all fully expla94 ,9 ?is alone !re is a va/ field = inve/m5t or money-mak+1 because !re are annually de/roy$ almo/ ev]y:]e quantities ( old wood-c>v+s2 =1 be+ badly worm-eat51 !y are ignorantly suppos$ to be irrep>able4 ,! same may be said ( anci5t c>v$ ivories1 :i* are ready to drop at a t\* into du/1 z 7 ^? f ,n9eveh 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 yet :i* are n[ firm & cle>4 ,x is also true ( ! b9d+s ( old books1 _m ( m>vell\s beauty1 :e!r ( /amp$ lea!r1 p>*m5t1 or c>v$4 ,ev5 m int]e/+ & curi\s is ! repair+ or re/or+ worm-eat5 manuscripts or pap]s ( any k9d1 or p>*m5t1 ! easy process ( fill+ ! holes n be+ kn[n to _m bibliophiles4 ,?is art is becom+ kn[n 9 ,g]many1 :]e x is n unusual to buy an old book = a m>k1 reb9d x 9 h>d old p>*m5t1 repair x g5]ally = two or ?ree1 & !n sell x1 accord+ to ! subject1 = sev]al hundr$ or ?\s& p] c5t4 pr(it4 ,x is greatly to be regrett$ t x is s little kn[n1 especially 9 ,engl&1 t to repair a few holes or re/ore a little brok51 crumbl+ c>v+ x is n absolutely necess>y to te> d[n an entire ,go?ic *ur* & build a new "o1 z is s v g5]ally ! case4 ,!re is no /one-"w1 h[ev] dilapidat$ x may be1 :i* _c be m5d$ v p]fectly1 & t 9 almo/ all cases ) a mat]ial :i* sets ev5 h>d] ?an ! orig9al1 z 0 p]fectly %[n at ! ,p>is ,exhibition ( #ahhi4 ,dilapidat$ /one c>v$ "w1 ( all ages & k9ds1 :i* c\ld be p]fectly re/or$ to a degree :i* ev5 v few arti/s suspect1 ab\nds 9 ,italy1 :]e x c be pur*as$ = a song4 ,! song1 x is true1 is g5]ally sung to a small silv] accompanim5t1 b ! pur*as] may make x gold5 = himself4 ,= v few "k h[ to re/ore a knock$-(f nose s t ! l9e ( juncture be n visible2 yet ev5 ?is is possible1 z ,i %all %[4 ,& ,i may "h rem>k t 9 all ! fir/ gall]ies & museums ( ,europe1 )\t "o exception1 !re is abundant evid5ce to prove t1 ( all ! arts1 ! "o ( repair+ & re/or+ is ! "o lea/ und]/ood & mo/ /rangely neglect$4 ,!re is h>dly a village s small t "o man or woman c\ld n make 9 x or eke out a liv+ by repair+ diff]5t objects4 ,9 t[ns & cities ! dem& = su* "w is mu* great]1 = !re ladies break exp5sive fans & jewell]y1 & *ildr5 _! dolls & toys1 = m5d+ ( :i* ! 8rehabilitators0 require 8mu* moneys10 especially 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :]e prices = any?+ out ( ! way are appall+4 ,i w\ld !re=e beg all p :o are gift$ ) "s small all[ance ( 8+5uity10 tact1 art1 or common-s5se to consid] t ,m5d+ or ,re/or+ is a call+ v easily le>n$ by a little practice1 & "o by :i* a liv+ c be made1 ev5 9 its humble/ bran*es1 z is %[n by ! umbrella-m5d]s & *air-can]s 9 ! /reets4 ,b common-s5se tea*es t any "o :o %all h ma/]$ all t is explicitly set =? 9 ?is book ought c]ta9ly to be able to ga9 money1 ev5 l>gely2 =1 z ,i said1 ! opportunities ( pur*as+ dilapidat$ works ( art1 m5d+ & sell+ !m1 are innum]able1 & ,re/oration is z yet ev]y:]e 9 its m]e rudim5ts & v little practis$4 ,t :i* might be a v great g5]al indu/ry ( va/ utility1 employ+ _m ?\s&s n[ idle1 only exi/s 9 a hap-haz>d1 casual way1 z dep5d5t on o!r k9ds ( "w4 ,b to me x appe>s z a great art by itself1 dep5d5t on c]ta9 pr9ciples ( g5]al application4 ,& :5 we consid] :at is g5]ally wa/$ = want ( prop] k ( ?is great art1 x seems to me to be b rational t if we _h 9 ,london a s*ool = tea*+ m5d+ & re/or+ 9 all its bran*es z a trade1 ) a museum to %[ ! public1 probably to its great a/oni%m5t1 :at m>vels c be wr\ght by r5ew+ :at is old1 x w\ld be ( great s]vice to ! c\ntry at l>ge4 ,a v little reflection w conv9ce ! lea/ vision>y or mo/ practical read] t :at is wa/$ or annually de/roy$ ( valuable old works1 :i* _c be replac$1 because !y are no long] manufactur$1 if re/or$1 w\ld =m ! basis ( a great national indu/ry4 ,x has n z yet1 h[ev]1 ent]$ into ! head ( any "o to conceive ?is1 simply because no "o has ev] be5 educat$ z a g5]al re/or]1 b only 9 a second>y1 supplem5t>y1 small way z a speciali/1 g5]ally z a bot*]4 ,& ,i ma9ta91 f no inconsid]able k ( ! subject1 t ! be/ m5d]s & re/or]s by f> are ^? :o und]/& ! mo/ bran*es ( _! call+4 ,! reason = ?is is pla92 x is because a repair]1 :5 he comes to "s un=ese5 difficulty--= example1 9 m5d+ *9a--& f9ds ! cem5ts us$ are n exactly applicable1 he w1 if s5sible1 ?9k ( "s o!r adhesive us$ 9 o!r k9ds ( "w1 or o!r comb9ations or appliances4 ,i g s f> z to say t an exhibition ( specim5s %[+ all t c be done 9 m5d+ & re/oration 9 c]amic art1 lea!r1 c>v$ /one1 books1 c>v$ & wr\ght wood1 ca/+s1 metal1 furniture1 fans1 & toys1 w\ld probably s]ve z suffici5t beg9n+ to e/abli% classes & a s*ool4 ,! objects %\ld1 :5 possible1 be accompani$ by a duplicate or photograph %[+ ! condition !y 7 9 be=e re/oration1 on ! pr9ciple ( ! picture-clean]s1 :o amaze ! public ) su* />tl+ contra/s ( dirt & spl5d\r4 ,h[ ?is c all be done w be f\nd 9 ?is book1 :i* ,i v5ture to sugge/ w (t5 be f\nd useful 9 e family1 or :]ev] 8?+s0 are brok5 & worn4 ,= ! collector ( curiosities :o w\ld will+ly pick up b>ga9s1 ,i s]i\sly & e>ne/ly comm5d x z a vade mecum by means ( :i* he may lit]ally make money 9 any %op4 ,=1 z ,i h already said1 /range z x may seem1 ! small deal]s 9 bric--brac are g5]ally v ignorant ( all ! curi\s secrets ( re/oration1 or else !y h no "t or means to att5d to su* "w4 ,aga91 if ! collector has le>n$ :at ,i "h tea*1 he w (t5 detect re/oration alli$ to =g]y 9 exp5sive antiques1 gu>ante$ to be p]fect4 ,x has be5 well obs]v$ by ,m4 ,,ris-,,paquot1 9 8 valuable "w1 ,l',art de re/aur] soi-mme les ,faences et ,porcela9es1 t x (t5 happ5s1 mo/ un=tunately1 t preci\s relics ^: value is imm5se1 su* z ! ,italian faences & ^? ( ,palissy or ,h5ri ,,ii41 come to collections 9 su* a condition1 s pitifully injur$1 t de visu we _c buy !m because we "k ( nobody :o c actually re/ore !m1 & because ?is delicate "w requires s mu* special k4 ,add to ?is1 t _! great value & r>ity dis9cl9e u to tru/ to ! fir/-com]1 or g5]al workman1 treasures :i* he might utt]ly ru9 by clums9ess or ignorance4 ,i may add t ,i seldom walk out 9 ,flor5ce )\t see+ old worn faences = sale = a m]e trifle :i* ) a little ret\*+1 gild+1 & fir+ c\ld be made q valuable4 ,9 su* in/ances !re ne$ be no compla9t ( de/roy+ ! v5]able effect & value ( antiquity4 ,9 !m antique mat]ial may be legitimately employ$ z a basis = new] "w1 especially :5 x is brok5 away1 worn d[n to ! core1 or full ( holes4 ,n[1 ) :at ?is book tea*es 9 8 m9d1 ! arti/ or t\ri/ w v soon realise1 if he be at all +5i\s1 or c avail himself ( ! aid ( "s fri5d :o has ev5 a v slight k ( art1 t he c at a slight outlay pur*ase objects :i* w become v valuable :5 aft]w>ds re/or$ at home4 ,z ,i c imag9e no head ( a family1 & no deal] 9 miscellane\s works ( art or any small w>es1 no provid] ( furniture or furni%]1 to :om ?is "w w n be a mo/ acceptable gift1 s ,i am v confid5t t e travell] :o has trunks to m5d or brok5 /raps to jo91 & e emigrant r\gh+ x 9 ! =e/s or ! bu% ( ,au/ralia or ,canada1 may le>n f x _m useful devices1 & ! fact t ) no?+ m ?an a small t9 ( liquid glue & ano!r ( indi>ubb] he c effect m ?an c\ld be imag9$ by any "o :o has n /udi$ ! subject4 ,on ?is ,i speak n )\t exp]i5ce1 hav+ f\nd t1 bo? z a soldi] & a travell] 9 ! ,wild ,we/ ( ,am]ica1 my k ( m5d+ 0 ( great use to my fri5ds z well z myself4 ,a p]usal ( ! ,index ( :at is "h giv5 w satisfy ! read] t ?is manual is 9 fact a vade mecum = almo/ all sorts & conditions ( m5 & wom51 & t !re are none :o w\ld n be ?ankful = x4 ,a fri5d adds to ^! rem>ks ! sugge/ion t ?is "w may prop]ly be includ$ among ! pres5ts to a bride z an aid to h\sekeep+2 & x w probably be admitt$ t x w\ld prove q z useful z _m ( ! gifts :i* are usually be/[$ on su* occasions4 ,i h truly said t1 :ile break+ & decay are univ]sal1 !re are lit]ally n[h]e any g5]ally accompli%$ repair]s--t is to say1 exp]ts :o "k & c practise ev5 :at is set =? 9 ?is book4 ,c]ta9 m5d]s ( brok5 *9a !re are1 ( :om ! great au?ority on fictile re/oration1 ,,ris-,,pasquot1 decl>es t none c be tru/$ ) any?+ valuable4 ,!re are s few ne$le-wom5 :o c sew up a r5t p]fectly t a lady 8to ! manor born0 paid 9 ,rome two p\nds1 or fifty lire1 = be+ taught ! /it*1 describ$ 9 ?is book1 by :i* x c be done4 ,t x 0 a great secret to an exp]t & accompli%$ ne$le-woman proves t x _c be g5]ally kn[n4 ,a h\se-furni%] 9 ,london do+ a l>ge bus9ess once expla9$ to me ) manife/ pride h[ he _h1 by d9t ( p]suasion & treat+1 obta9$ f ano!r :at is really "o ( ! simple/ recipes = re/or+ a br[n /a94 ,all ( ?is be+ true1 x is app>5t en\gh t any accompli%$ m5d] & re/or]1 lady or g5tleman1 c h>dly fail to make a liv+ by ! art2 & ,i s9c]ely believe t x is ! simple tru? t x is set =? 9 ! foll[+ pages s fully & cle>ly t any "o :o w make ! exp]im5t c le>n f x h[ to make a liv+4 ,?is is effectively1 9 all its fulness1 a new art & a new call+1 & x is "t t x 7 e/abli%$4 ,x is a great mi/ake to suppose t manufactur]s are necess>ily good m5d]s ( :at !y make4 ,i h f\nd1 z h my read]s1 t x is n ! great wat*mak] :o ov]sees ! production ( ?\s&s ( wat*es to :om a wat* c be mo/ safely tru/$ = rehabilitation4 ,=1 9 n9e cases out ( t51 x is "s extremely humble bro!r ( ! craft1 :o does no?+ b m5d 9 a small %op1 :o re/ores y\r *ronomet] mo/ admirably4 ,! same is true z reg>ds trunks any:]e out ( ,engl&1 s9ce 9 ,g]many & ,france any?+ ( ! k9d is inv>iably bot*$ ) incr$ible want ( skill4 ,?is runs ?r\gh mo/ trades2 = :i* reason ,i believe t a really well-accompli%$ g5]al m5d]1 e>ne/ly devot$ to ! call+ 9 e detail & resolv$ to be p]fect 9 x1 c\ld ere long repair bett] ?an mo/ manufactur]s1 s9ce ! latt]1 9 ^! days1 all "w by ma*9]y or by va/ subdivision ( lab\r1 & n1 s to speak1 by h&4 ,b all repair+ mu/ be by h&4 ,we c make e detail ( a wat* or ( a gun by ma*9]y1 b ! ma*9e _c m5d x :5 brok51 mu* less a clock or a pi/ol6 ,! value ( ?is book w appe> to any "o :o kn[s h[ little really good repair+ !re is 9 ,europe4 ,s9ce writ+ ! =ego+ pages ,i h gone ?r\gh ! gall]ies ( ! ,vatican & _m o!r museums1 & be5 amaz$ at ! co>se1 ignorant1 & bungl+ mann] 9 :i* ! great majority ( antique /atues & o!r objects ( imm5se value h be5 m5d$ up4 ,!re is 9 mo/ cases no pret5ce :atev] to conceal ! l9es ( repair1 & :5 ?is has be5 attempt$ x has fail$ ?r\gh ignorance ( recipes & in/ructions :i* may be f\nd 9 ?is "w4 ,a ,,manual ,,( ,,m5d+ ,,& ,,repair+ ,,mat]ials ,,us$ ,,9 ,,m5d+ 8,!re are full _m admirable & practical recipes 7,hausmitteln71 :i* are (t5 kn[n only 9 c]ta9 families40--,die ,natrli*e ,magie4 ,by ,,johann ,c4 ,,wiegleb1 #aghb4 ,! art ( m5d+ or ( repair+ may be broadly /at$ z be+ effect$1 fir/ly1 by me*anical processes1 su* z ^? employ$ by c>p5t]s 9 nail+ & jo9+1 9 embroid]y ) ! ne$le1 & 9 metal-"w ) clumps1 or sold]+2 &1 secondly1 by *emical means4 ,! latt] consi/ ( cem5ts & adhesives1 :i* are1 h[ev]1 effectively ! same ?+4 ,?is glue1 or gum1 is an adhesive or /ick]2 t is1 a simple sub/ance :i* causes two objects to adh]e4 ,! same1 :5 comb9$ ) p[d] ( *alk or glass1 w\ld be a ,,cem5t4 ,?is latt] t]m is aga9 appli$ some:at g5]ally & loosely by _m1 n only to all adhesives1 b also m correctly to all s(t sub/ances :i* h>d51 su* z ,portl& cem5t1 mort>1 & putty1 & :i* are (t5 us$ by !mselves to =m objects1 su* z 8bricks0 & ca/+s2 b ^! latt]1 hav+ also ! quality ( act+ z adhesives or /ick]s1 are naturally reg>d$ z be+ ! same4 ,z w be spe$ily obs]v$ 9 ! great numb] ( recipes = m5d+ :i* w be giv5 9 ?is book1 !re are _m :i* occur frequ5tly 9 diff]5t comb9ations2 !re=e x w be advisable & indisp5sable = ^? :o wi% to ma/] m5d+ z an art to indicate ^! z a basis4 ,z ,,sigmund ,,lehn] has obs]v$ 9 8 valuable "w on ,die ,kitte- und ,klebemittel1 !re h be5 su* va/ numb]s ( recipes publi%$ ( late ye>s = adhesives 9 v>i\s te*nological works1 t ! comb9ation ( ! usual mat]ials dep5ds almo/ on ! judgm5t ( ! exp]im5t]1 & e practical op]ator w soon le>n to make inv5tions ( 8 own4 ,^! mat]ials1 accord+ to ,,/ohmann1 may be classifi$ z foll[s3-- ,i4 ,^? 9 :i* ,,oil is ! basis4 ,,ii4 ,res9 or pit*4 ,,iii4 ,ca\t*\c 7indi>ubb]7 or gutta-p]*a4 ,,iv4 ,gum or />*4 ,v4 ,lime & *alk4 ,,lehn] ext5ds ! li/ z foll[s into adhesives1 or cem5ts3-- ,i4 ,= glass & porcela9 9 e =m4 ,,ii4 ,= metals n expos$ to *anges ( temp]ature4 ,,iii4 ,= /oves & furnaces1 or objects expos$ to heat4 ,,iv4 ,= *emical app>atus & objects expos$ to corrosive liquids4 ,v4 ,lut+ or cem5ts1 to protect glass or porcela9 vessels f ! action ( fire4 ,,vi4 ,cem5ts = microscopic prep>ations1 = fill+ tee? & simil> "w4 ,,vii4 ,^? = special objects1 su* z are made ( tortoise-%ell1 me]s*aum 7ivory71 c4 ,,oils are divid$ into ^? 7su* z olive7 :i* nev] become h>d1 & ! l9se$1 :i* 9 "t dries into a sub/ance l gum4 ,! latt] comb9$ ) a great v>iety ( m9]al sub/ances1 su* z plumbago1 calc9$ lime1 magnesia1 *alk1 r$ oxide ( iron1 soap/one1 or ) v>ni%es1 =ms insoluble 8soaps10 :i*1 z cem5ts1 resi/ wat]4 ,!y require a long "t to set or become h>d4 ,,res9s & ,,gums include a great numb] ( sub/ances1 su* z res9 or h>d pit*1 :i* is di/ill$ f p9e-trees2 %ellac1 ma/ic1 elemi1 copal1 kauri gum1 amb]1 gum arabic1 dextr9e made f fl\r1 ! gum ( ! pea* & *]ry1 & ( _m o!r trees4 ,to ^! may be add$ frank9c5se & tragacan?1 :i* is less an adhesive ?an a /iff5] & dress]4 ,gums are g5]ally r brittle2 ?is is rem$i$ by comb9ation ) oily sub/ances1 volatile oils1 or ca\t*\c4 ,) ^! gums ,,lehn] includes asphaltum4 ,! defect ( su* adhesives is1 z he also rem>ks1 t !y w n resi/ high temp]atures4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 w apply to mo/ objects4 ,,v>ni%4--,?is belongs prop]ly to ! gums1 b is te*nically reg>d$ z a sep>ate mat]ial4 ,x is gum 9 solution 9 turp5t9e or spirits4 ,= details vide ,die ,fabrikation d] ,copal- ,t]p5t9l und ,spiritus-,lacke1 by ,l4 ,e4 ,&s2 ,leipzig1 price #e m4 #dj pf4 ,,ca\t*\c & ,,gutta-,,p]*a are gums :i* :5 h>d are /ill ela/ic1 & resi/ ! action ( wat]4 ,i h read t a p]fect imitation or sub/itute = !m has be5 made ( turp5t9e1 b h n se5 x1 ?\gh ,i h met ) glue made ) oil & turp5t9e1 :i* v mu* resembl$ !m 9 ela/icity or flexibility4 ,r$uc$ to a liquid =m ) e!r1 b5z9e1 c41 ^! gums c be kept 9 a liquid /ate = a long "t1 & !n h>d5$ 9 any =m by exposure to ! air4 ,!y ent] into a v great v>iety ( cem5ts1 su* z are meant to be t\gh or wat]pro(4 ,indi>ubb] is1 on ! :ole1 ! be/1 & gutta-p]*a ! *eape/1 = cem5ts4 ,,glue4--,?is is made1 by boil+1 f horns & bones2 x is ess5tially ! same z gelat9e4 ,x is ! mo/ g5]ally kn[n ( all adhesives1 & may be modifi$ by c]ta9 admixtures to suit almo/ any sub/ance4 ,x has ! peculi>ity t x mu/ always be boil$ 9 a balneum m>i1 or 9 a kettle 9 hot wat] 9 ano!r kettle4 ,its /r5g? is va/ly increas$ by admixture ) nitric acid or /rong v9eg>4 ,on ! subject ( glue 9 all its relations1 ! read] may consult ,die ,leim- und ,gelat9e-,fabrikation1 or 8,! ,manufacture ( ,glue & ,gelat9e10 by ,f4 ,dawid[sky2 ,vi5na1 price #cs4 ,,fl\r-,,pa/e ,,& ,,/>*-,,pa/e4--,^! mixtures1 ?\gh g5]ally us$ = weak "w1 su* z to make pap]s adh]e1 c be v mu* /r5g!n$ by admixture ) glue & gums4 ,comb9$ ) c]ta9 sub/ances1 su* z pap]1 m9]al p[d]s1 & alum1 !y1 :5 submitt$ to pressure1 become int5sely h>d1 & resi/ n only wat] b heat1 :5 n excessive4 ,also comb9$ ) v>ni%es !y are decid$ resi/ants4 ,,lehn] speaks ( !m z if !y 7 p]i%able 9 any condition4 ,,/urgeon',s ,,bladd]4--,) ?is ! bladd]s ( sev]al k9ds ( fi% are class$4 ,cut 9 small pieces & dissolv$ 9 spirits x makes a v /rong adhesive1 :i* is mix$ ) _m o!rs4 ,,lime is ! mo/ ext5sively us$ cem5t 9 ! _w4 ,comb9$ ) wat] x =ms mort>4 ,x is unit$ ) _m sub/ances1 su* z case9e or *eese1 ! :ite ( eggs1 & silicate ( soda1 to make p[]ful m9or cem5ts4 ,on ! subject ( lime ! practical te*nologi/ %\ld consult ,kalk und ,luftmortel1 by ,dr4 ,h]rmann ,zwick2 ,vi5na1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 price #cs41 9 :i* all details ( ! subject are giv5 9 full4 ,,eggs4--,! yolk1 & m p>ticul>ly ! :ite1 ( eggs is sometimes us$ z an adhesive1 & x ent]s into _m v excell5t cem5ts4 ,= details z to ! *emi/ry & te*nology ( ?is mat]ial consult ,die ,fabrikation5 von ,album9- und ,ei]kons]v5 7,a ,full ,acc\nt ( ! ,*>act]i/ics ( all ,egg ,sub/ances1 ! ,fabrication ( ,egg1 & ,blood ,album51 c471 by ,k>l ,rupre*t2 ,vi5na1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 price #bs4 #c;d4 ,,neutral ,,sub/ances1 ,,or ,,b9d+ ,,mat]ials4--,almo/ any sub/ance n easily soluble 9 wat]1 & _m :i* are1 f common du/ or e>?1 or clay1 s&1 *alk1 p[d]$ egg-%ells1 sawdu/1 %ell-p[d]1 c41 :5 comb9$ ) c]ta9 adhesives1 =m cem5ts4 ,?is is sometimes due to *emical comb9ation1 b m frequ5tly to me*anical union4 ,9 ! latt] case ! adhesive cl++ to e sep>ate gra9 has ! m po9ts ( adhesion1 j z a man by cl++ ) bo? h&s to two po/s is h>d] to remove ?an if he held by "o4 ,,case9e ,,or ,,*eese4--,?is 9 sev]al =ms1 b *iefly ( curd 9 comb9ation ) sev]al sub/ances1 b mo/ly ) lime or borax1 =ms a v valuable cem5t4 ,x is also comb9$ ) /rong lye & silicate ( soda4 ,x mu/ n1 h[ev]1 be too mu* dep5d$ on z a resi/ant to wat] or heat4 ,,blood1 g5]ally ( ox5 or c[s1 comb9$ ) lime1 alum1 & coal a%es1 =ms a solid & durable cem5t4 ,,glyc]9e =ms ! basis1 ) plumbago1 c41 ( sev]al cem5ts4 ,l oil1 x r5d]s glue flexible & p>tly wat]pro(4 ,= *emical details on ?is subject1 vide ,das ,glyc]91 by ,j4 ,w4 ,koppe1 ,leipzig4 ,,gypsum is comb9$ ) _m sub/ances to =m cem5ts1 "s ( !m ( great & peculi> value4 ,,iron pulv]is$ is ! basis ( a great numb] ( v durable & /rongly resi/ant cem5ts4 ,,alum may be includ$ among ! bases1 z x is v important 9 sev]al compositions1 =m+ a p[]ful *emical aid4 ,x is excell5t z aid+ resi/ance to bo? moi/ure & heat4 ,= an exhau/ive "w on alum consult ,die ,fabrikation des ,alauns1 c41 by ,fr$]ic ,junemann1 :i* %\ld be c>efully /udi$ by all :o "w 9 cem5ts4 ,!re is a v great numb] ( 8indiff]5t0 or m9or aids to ^!1 su* z sug>1 milk1 honey1 spirits ( w9e1 wat]1 o*re1 galbanum1 tann91 ammonia1 feldsp>1 plumbago1 sulphur1 v9eg>1 salt1 z9c 7:ite71 umb]1 bismu?1 t91 cadmium1 clay1 a%es1 c41 :i* are ess5tial 9 c]ta9 comb9ations4 ,,dextr9e1 ! gum ( fl\r or />*1 or ,leiokom1 mu* resembles gum-arabic1 b is m brittle4 ,its adhesiv5ess dep5ds some:at on ! mann] 9 :i* x is dissolv$4 8,x is10 says ,,lehn]1 8prep>$ by heat+ />* :i* has be5 moi/5$ ) nitric acid2 also by w>m+ pa/e ) v mu* dilut$ sulphuric acid40 ,,wax1 includ+ t ( bees z well z p>aff9e1 is us$ 9 repairs1 & =ms a "p ( sev]al cem5ts4 ,on ?is subject consult ,das ,wa*s1 or 8,wax & its ,te*nical ,applications10 by ,ludwig ,s$na2 ,leipzig1 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,silicate ,,( ,,soda1 ,,or ,,liquid ,,glass4--,?is is g5]ally sold 9 ! =m ( a v d5se liquid4 ,x is prep>$ by mix+ qu>tz or fl9t s& ) soda1 or m r>ely ) pota%4 8,x is10 says ,,lehn]1 8a glass :i* is di/+ui%$ f o!r glasses by be+ easily soluble 9 wat]4 ,x is believ$ to be a v mod]n inv5tion2 b ,i h se5 ,v5etian glasses ( ! fifte5? c5tury :i* appe>$ to be pa9t$ ) x1 or some?+ v simil>2 & ,i h f\nd decid$ indications ( a k ( x 9 two writ]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 ,,wolfgang ,,hildebr& & ,,van ,,helmont4 ,accord+ to ,wagn]1 !re are ?ree k9ds ( liquid glass4 ,by itself liquid glass c only be us$ = m5d+ glass2 b :5 comb9$ ) o!r sub/ances1 su* z cem5t1 calc9$ lime1 or clay1 or glass1 9 p[d]1 x =ms a body z h>d z /one1 or a d\ble silicate1 :i* is /rongly resi/ant to *emical influ5ces40 ,x occupies ! fir/ position z an adhesive = glass1 nor is x surpass$ z a cem5t 9 solid =m4 ,on ?is subject vide ,wass]glas und ,infusori5]de1 c41 by ,h]mann ,krtz]2 ,vi5na1 #cs4 ,,natural ,,cem5t1 ,,or ,,hydraulic ,,lime4--,?is is famili>ly kn[n to all read]s z ,portl& cem5t1 b x is f\nd ( diff]5t qualities 9 _m c\ntries1 & is also made artificially4 ,c]ta9 m9]al sub/ances h ! quality :5 p[d]$ & comb9$ ) wat] ( sett+ h>d z /one2 h5ce ! "n hydraulic4 ,i h se5 at ,budape/ articles ( ,portl& cem5t made 9 ,hung>y :i* equall$ 9 appe>ance f9e black slate or m>ble1 &1 :ile mu* less brittle1 7 inde$ 9 e respect m durable & resi/ant to exposure4 ,^! artificial cem5ts c be l>gely incorporat$ ) indiff]5t sub/ances1 su* z s&2 !y1 h[ev]1 require int5se bak+1 & may 9 consequ5ce be reg>d$ z a k9d ( fictile w>e4 ,portl& cem5t is v ?or\ghly treat$ 9 ,hydraulis*] ,kalk und ,portl& ,cem5t 79 all _! relations71 by ,dr4 ,h4 ,zwick4 ,,tragacan?1 ?\gh call$ a gum1 is prop]ly no?+ ( ! k9d1 n be+ a true adhesive4 ,x is ! product ( ! ,a/ragalus v]us1 a tree f\nd 9 ,asia4 ,x swells out 9 wat]1 & s(t5s1 b )\t dissolv+4 ,x is m ( a glaze ?an a pa/e2 h5ce x is us$ ext5sively by confection]s1 bookb9d]s1 or to /iff5 laces4 ,x ent]s1 h[ev]1 into ! composition ( sev]al cem5ts4 ,,bread may be class$ z a mat]ial by itself1 z x d]ives c]ta9 peculi> virtues f ! yea/ :i* causes its f]m5tation4 ,) c]ta9 comb9ations x becomes wax-l1 or h>d1 & may be us$ to advantage 9 _m repairs z well z = modell+4 ,x has ! great advantage ( be+ easily work$ & always at h&4 ,,celluloid is treat$ ( 9 ?is "w "u ! head ( ,artificial ,ivory4 ,x is made f gun-cotton & camphor4 ,= full in=mation on ?is subject consult ,das ,celluloid1 or 8,celluloid1 its ,raw ,mat]ials1 ,manufacture1 ,peculi>ities1 & ,te*nical ,applications1 c410 by ,dr4 ,fr4 ,bckmann1 ,vi5na & ,leipzig4 ,,potatoes1 peel$ & ma%$1 & kept = ?irty-six h\rs 9 a mixture ( eight p>ts ( sulphuric acid to a hundr$ ( wat]1 & !n dri$ & press$1 =m a :ite1 h>d sub/ance v mu* l ivory1 or1 z "o may say1 l :ite boxwood4 ,,lehn] expresses 8 d\bt z to :e!r artificial me]s*aum pipes 7 ev] made ( ?is sub/ance1 b ,i h se5 !m1 & c te/ify t !y look$ l me]s*aum1 & c]ta9ly 7 mu* h>d] ?an bruy]e1 or bri>-wood4 ,:e!r !y w 8col\r0 ,i _c say4 ,! pr9ciple by :i* potatoes1 pap]1 & _m o!r sub/ances c be h>d5$ l p>*m5t or horn is curi\s4 ,potatoes consi/ ( ab\t sev5ty p] c5t4 wat] & tw5ty-five p] c5t4 ( />*1 ! rema9d] be+ salts & cellulose1 :i* =ms cells surr\nd$ by ! gra9s ( />*4 8,:5 su* a sub/ance is = "s "t br\ght into contact ) dilut$ sulphuric acid1 t :i* results is simply a contraction ( ! cells0 7i4e41 a h>d5+71 8or a k9d ( p>*m5t+40 ,?us s(t pap] is conv]t$ into p>*m5t4 ,x is evid5t t *emi/ry is z yet 9 its infancy z reg>ds ! conv]sion ( cellulose by acid into h>d sub/ances4 ,s9ce cotton1 pap]1 & potatoes all produce by ?is process diff]5t sub/ances1 x is probable t hundr$s ( organic1 or at lea/ vegetable1 sub/ances w all yield new =ms4 ,!re is a m>k$ diff]5ce betwe5 pa/e made ( />* or fl\r1 ea* hav+ its peculi> m]its4 ,! =m] is pr9cipally prep>$ f potatoes4 ,to prep>e ! cem5t we mix x ) a v little wat]1 /irr+ x v ?or\ghly till x assumes a blui% appe>ance4 ,a little m hot wat] is !n add$1 & ! mass left till an opal-l t+e indicates t x has =m$4 ,to ?is !n add hot wat] ad libitum4 ,z x is almo/ col\rless 9 v ?9 coats1 x is l>gely us$ to glaze & give body or weight to1 & (t5 to simply falsify1 wov5 fabrics1 :i* by its aid seem heavi]4 ,to increase ?is weight :ite lead & o!r sub/ances are us$4 ,to make ! be/ fl\r-pa/e1 fl\r %\ld be knead$ 9 a bag "u wat] till all ! />* is wa%$ away4 ,:at rema9s is a sub/ance closely alli$ to case9e1 or ! :ite ( egg4 ,comb9$ ) lime x =ms a h>d cem5t4 ,a v slight admixture ( c>bolic acid 7also oil ( cloves7 w keep pa/e f s\r+ or decay4 ,?is acid has ! prop]ty ( de/roy+ ! gr[? ( ! m9ute vegetation :i* con/itutes f]m5tation1 j z o!r /rong sc5ts or p]fumes are suppos$ to dis9fect rooms1 c4 ,a v great numb] ( o!r +r$i5ts1 su* z ! oxides ( lead or z9c1 manganese1 b>yta1 sulphur1 sal ammoniac1 fl9t-s&1 clay1 salt1 o*re1 v>ni%1 galbanum1 or frank9c5se1 ent] into c]ta9 recipes1 b ^? already giv5 may be reg>d$ z con/itut+ by f> ! pr9cipal portion ( all cem5ts 9 ord9>y use4 ,,m5d+ ,,brok5 ,,*9a1 ,,porcela91 ,,crock]y1 ,,majolica1 ,,t]ra-,,cotta1 ,,brick ,,& ,,tile ,,"w4 ,fictile or ,c]amic w>e embraces1 r\ghly speak+1 all t is made ( clay1 or m9]al bases or mat]ials1 & :i* is subsequ5tly bak$ to give x h>dness4 ,! bett] ! mat]ial & ! m int5se ! heat1 or ! great] ! numb] ( bak+s to :i* mo/ k9ds are subject$1 ! h>d] & m la/+ w !y be4 ,! old *9a w>e :i* prec$$ porcela91 a great _m specim5s ( old ,roman vessels1 &1 = a m mod]n example1 old ,italian majolica & ,hung>ian w9e-pit*]s1 made all )9 a c5tury1 are z h>d z /one4 ,!y *ip a great deal be=e !y break1 j z agate might d4 ,,t]ra-,,cotta is simply e>? or clay 8bak$40 ,9 mo/ ( ! examples kn[n z t]ra-cotta1 e>? pr$om9ates4 ,pure f9e clay well fir$ is sup]ior to :at is g5]ally call$ t]ra-cotta4 ,nei!r c we really class ) x articles made ( sup]ior ,portl& cem5t1 ( :i*1 z ,i h said1 ,i h se5 _m made at ,budape/ :i* 7 l ! f9e/ h>d slate4 ,_m writ]s confuse majolica ) faence2 o!rs reg>d ! latt] z :at we %\ld call crock]y1 or su* w>e z ranges betwe5 glaz$ t]ra-cotta & porcela94 ,,majolica consi/s g5]ally ( t]ra-cotta cov]$ ) a glaze4 ,a glaze is a fusible sub/ance1 we may say a k9d ( glass1 mix$ ) col\r+ matt]1 :i* is at ! same "t a protection & an ornam5t4 ,enamel is glass 9 f9e p[d] melt$1 us$ g5]ally on metal or by itself4 ,! base ( ! pa9t is a sub/ance fusible by heat :i* is mix$ ) col\rs also fusible4 ,!re=e :5 ! pa9t+ is submitt$ to heat x melts1 adh]es1 & is p]man5t4 ,glaz+1 enamell+1 & *9a pa9t+ are ess5tially ! same4 ,t]ra-cotta is n difficult to m5d4 ,i c be/ illu/rate ?is by an example4 ,a fri5d once gave me a t]ra-cotta vase f ! ,pyramid ( ,*olula1 9 ,mexico4 ,^! are suppos$ to be ( v great antiquity4 ,?is conta9$ a fragm5t ( pott]y1 probably a sacr$ relic ( rud] /yle1 & ,i suppose ( f> e>li] times4 ,! vase1 h[ev]1 _h be5 brok5 to fragm5ts1 & ! own] 0 ab\t to ?r[ x away z wor?less4 ,i begg$ x ( him4 ,fir/ly1 ,i put ! pr9cipal pieces toge!r1 us+1 to make !m adh]e1 glue ) nitric acid4 ,= f9] "w ,i %\ld h us$ ,turki% cem5t or ! be/ gum-ma/ic dissolv$ 9 _s or fi% glue4 ,piece by piece ) c>e ,i recon/ruct$ ! :ole4 ,!re 0 want+1 h[ev]1 "o piece ab\t ?ree in*es squ>e4 ,i pa/$ ) great c>e a piece ( pap] inside ! vase = a back1 & !n p\r$ on x pla/] ( ,p>is liquefi$ ) wat]4 ,to make ?is set h>d1 ! pla/] or gesso %\ld be made ) burnt alum-wat] & dissolv$ gum-arabic4 ,?is exactly suppli$ ! miss+ piece4 ,:5 x 0 f9i%$1 ,i fill$ 9 all ! brok5 edges & o!r cavities ) ! pla/]-pa/e1 :i* set ev5 h>d] ?an ! t]ra-cotta4 ,! out] col\r ( ! vase 0 ( r$di% ru/y black4 ,i pa9t$ ! :ole ov] ) a correspond+ col\r2 t is to say1 ,i rubb$ x 9 by ?umb1 :i* is v diff]5t f m]e pa9t+4 ,by cem5t+ & rubb+ ,i s re/or$ ! :ole t ! repair 0 h>dly p]ceptible4 ,?is process is c>ri$ to great p]fection 9 ,italy ) brok5 ,etruscan w>e4 ,i may "h rem>k z reg>ds rubb+ 9 oil or wat] col\rs1 t x is little kn[n or practis$1 b x is ( great value 9 re/oration :5 we wi% to produce c]ta9 curi\s antique-look+ effects4 ,i once knew 9 ,rome an arti/ :o _h b\ght = a trifle an old c>v$ baule or *e/4 ,by rubb+ 9 ) c>e on x ,naples yell[ & br[n %ades1 & subsequ5t friction1 he _h made x look /rangely l old ivory4 ,m]e pa9t+1 h[ev] skilfully p]=m$1 w\ld n h giv5 x its antique ivory look4 ,! same arti/ _h pur*as$ "o or two common1 l>ge1 yell[i% t]ra-cotta w9e-j>s4 ,he drew on !m classical figures1 cut out ! outl9es a little ) *isel & file1 & smoo?+ ! figures ) s&pap]1 also ivori$ ! :ole by rubb+ 9 col\r4 ,?is 0 b a few h\rs' "w1 yet ! effect 0 />tl+4 ,:at _h co/ b a few francs w\ld h sold = hundr$s4 ,i %\ld add t ) ! aid ( f9e ret\*+ flexible v>ni% ?is process c\ld be v mu* facilitat$4 ,any "o :o c draw or pa9t at all c try ?is exp]im5t on any old piece ( wood-c>v+1 or on a common yell[ co>se e>!nw>e4 ,smoo? ! latt] fir/ ) s&pap]1 !n rub 9 ! col\rs4 ,! same is applicable to old c>v+ 9 m>ble4 ,all ( ^! devices are ( use to ! re/or]4 ,z reg>ds re/oration ( t]ra-cotta1 ! field is wide & pr(itable4 ,n only 9 ,italy1 b ev5 9 ,london1 we may f9d = sale brok5 ,etruscan vases or simil> objects = a trifle1 :i* are extremely easy to re/ore4 ,^! are g5]ally ( r$ or light yell[ clay bak$4 ,if y h1 let u say1 a vase fractur$1 obta9 clay ( ! same col\r--if y _c readily get x1 take pipeclay--& col\r x ) a /rong infusion ( r$ or yell[1 ?\gh ?is is n necess>y if ! ext]ior is black4 ,mix ! clay well ) glue or gum-arabic & alum-wat]1 supply ! miss+ portions1 & let !m h>d54 ,) a little c>e & practice1 rem>kable re/orations may ?us be made4 ,i may "h add t ) ?is composition1 bottles1 decant]s1 & cups c be coat$1 :i*1 :5 pa9t$ or rubb$ 91 exactly resemble ,etruscan or o!r anci5t pott]y4 ,to prev5t crack+1 !y %\ld fir/ be pa9t$ ) ?ick1 co>se oil pa9t mix$ ) s& or umb]1 :i* =ms a gr\nd4 ,let x dry--! long] ! bett]--& !n rub 91 ?9ly1 ! gum & clay4 ,!re is ano!r composition ( blanc d',espagne1 or :it+1 & silicate ( soda1 :i* sets ev5 h>d]1 b :i* is a little m difficult at fir/ to "w1 :i* may be us$ = su* re/oration4 ,?is c be directly pa9t$ on glass = a gr\nd4 ,majolica or ,faence c g5]ally be suffici5tly well m5d$ ) acidulat$ glue1 b z ! latt] (t5 communicates a d>k /a91 x is bett] to use = f9e w>e1 or any :i* is to be us$1 ! s-call$ ,turki% cem5t4 ,! be/ quality ( ?is is made ( ! f9e/ quality ( gum-ma/ic dissolv$ 9 _s4 ,x is s t5aci\s t 9 ! ,ea/ gems are frequ5tly directly atta*$ by means ( x to metal1 & !y w (t5 break soon] ?an sep>ate f x4 ,mo/ *emi/s h = sale1 or w prep>e = y1 "s =m ( x4 ,! silicate ( pota% & :it+ c also be suppli$ by *emi/s2 !y %\ld be mix$ ) great c>e1 s z to =m a m$ium pa/e1 & !n us$ rapidly & ) skill1 because ?is cem5t h>d5s v quickly4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a v p[]ful b9d]1 & sets z h>d z glass4 ,hav+ put toge!r & cem5t$ ! brok5 pieces ( a cup or vase1 !y mu/ be kept 9 place till ! cem5t dries4 ,?is is effect$ by means ( _m contrivances1 reg>d+ :i* ! op]ator mu/ employ "s orig9al inv5tiv5ess4 ,fir/ly1 ! pieces c (t5 be simply ti$1 or atta*$ by pieces ( tape1 or p>*m5t1 or pap] glu$ on4 ,9 o!r cases india-rubb] b&s are useful4 ,aga91 bits ( wood1 or /icks & wires1 are ! ?+s useful4 ,a b$ ( wax is g5]ally a sure gu>d4 ,x is be/ to d ?is ) great c>e1 & n impati5tly rely on hold+ ! pieces toge!r ) ! f+]s till !y /ick4 ,?is is (t5 ! mo/ difficult "p ( ! :ole op]ation2 !re=e x %\ld be done well & delib]ately4 ,& "h x may be rem>k$ t1 z 9 surg]y1 ! mo/ complicat$ cases ( fracture may be /udi$ out & adju/$2 = :i* reason ,i d>e say t skilful surgeons w\ld be good m5d]s ( crock]y1 j z good a/ronom]s are always good riflem54 ,:5 ! brok5 pieces are adju/$ & all is dry1 !re rema9 ! *ips1 holl[s1 ragg$ edges1 & 8hairs10 z ! ,fr5* call !m1 or l9es ( juncture1 to be fill$ & smoo!d4 ,?is is done ) ! cem5t :i* y employ1 accord+ to ! quality ( ! mat]ial1 ei!r pla/] & gum-arabic1 silicate & :it+1 or p[d]$ *alk4 ,"s exp]ts succe$ ) :ite ( an egg & f9ely p[d]$ quicklime1 :i* holds firmly1 b :i* requires practice to amalgamate4 ,fill ! cavities c>efully1 press+ ! cem5t well 91 z ! ,romans did1 ) a /ick or po9t4 ,:5 all is smoo?1 pa9t ov] ! blank spaces & v>ni% ) ,sohne1 ,no4 #c1 or ) a slight coat+ ( silicate4 ,f9e copal v>ni% is r t\gh] or less brittle4 ,! mo/ ?or\gh process ( all is to unite ! fragm5ts ) a vitre\s or metallic flux1 su* z ! silicate--!re are sev]al ( ^!--& !n h ! "w bak$ or fir$4 ,x c !n be pa9t$ ) porcela9 col\rs "u glaze1 & fir$ aga94 ,z ?is is v delicate1 difficult1 & exp5sive1 few amateurs w c>e to try x4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 p]fect1 & by means ( x ! mo/ complete rep>ation c be effect$4 ,! ,japanese d ?is simply ) ! bl[-pipe1 by means ( :i* !y fix enamel p[d]s ev5 on wood4 ,?is use ( ! pipe is also difficult1 b ! anci5t ,romans are said to h employ$ ! process ) mo/ m9or "w4 ,z a ?read ( glass w melt 9 a c&le1 & z f9e-glass p[d] is equally fusible1 x c be und]/ood t "u ! flame ( a bl[-pipe ! latt] c (t5 be melt$ s z to avail 9 re/oration4 ,,crock]y1 ,,or ,,fa,,ence1 ,,& ,,porcela94--8,crock]y10 by :i* we commonly und]/& su* w>e z t ( ! blue will[ plates1 is f> sup]ior to t]ra-cotta1 s9ce its core or basis is ?91 & v h>d1 & its gloss ( a diff]5t description1 & m incorporat$ ) ! body2 or x is ( a s+le sup]ior body4 ,,porcela9 diff]s entirely f ! o!r two k9ds ( fictile w>e1 be+ an elaborate m9]alogical comp\nd1 its base be+ kaol91 a friable1 :ite1 e>?y sub/ance1 requir+ great c>e 9 its prep>ation1 & petunse1 or feldsp>1 :i* is unit$ ) ! kaol94 ,! result is a v delicate & beautiful diaphan\s w>e1 or "o ?r\gh :i* light passes to a limit$ degree4 ,bo? crock]y & porcela9 are f> m difficult to m5d1 ow+ to ! impossibility--p>ticul>ly ) ! latt]--( mak+ fractures disappe>4 ,! fir/ & mo/ simple process ( m5d+ bo? k9ds ( w>e is to make small holes ) a drill along ! edges ( ! fracture1 & !n1 adju/+ ! fragm5ts1 b9d !m toge!r ) wire4 ,m4 ,,ris-,,paquot claims t 8! hon\r ( ?is discov]y belongs prop]ly to a humble & mode/ workman nam$ ,,delille1 ( ! little village ( ,montjoye1 9 ,norm&y40 ,b ! ar*ologi/ w say ( ?is claim1 z ! ,engli% judge did ( a simil> "o1 t ! pla9tiff might z well apply = a pat5t = hav+ discov]$ ! art ( mix+ br&y ) wat]1 s9ce !re 0 probably nev] yet a savage :o _h wire1 or ev5 /r+1 :o did n "k en\gh to m5d brok5 calaba%es1 j>s1 & pipes by ?is solid me?od ( sew+4 ,f ! "t :5 l>ge e>!n pun*-b[ls 7 fir/ us$ 9 ,europe1 we f9d !m m5d$ ) silv] wire4 ,x is ne$less to devote :ole pages ) illu/rations1 z ,m4 ,,ris-,,paquot has done1 to %[ h[ to effect su* m5d+4 ,! holes are made ) ei!r a bore or h& drill1 su* z c be b\ght 9 e tool %op4 ,if ! read] w obta9 "o & exp]im5t ) x on any p5ny plate or brok5 fragm5t1 he w soon ma/] all ! my/]y4 ,! wire is made fa/ by a turn ) a pair ( nipp]s or p9c]s4 ,be=e fa/5+1 wa% ! edges ( ! w>e ) :ite ( egg 9 :i* a v little :it+1 or f9ely p[d]$ lime or pla/] ( ,p>is1 has be5 mix$4 ,i may "h obs]ve t ! wire = *9a-drill+ %\ld be half r\nd1 or flat on "o side4 ,to prep>e ?is1 take brass wire1 say a l5g? ( ab\t two feet1 &1 hold+ an old knife1 draw ! wire firmly & /eadily aga9/ x4 ,!re are endless cem5ts = sale by *emi/s1 all w>rant$ p]fect1 to m5d glass & *9a1 & mo/ ( !m d inde$ answ] ! purpose v well1 = nature has giv5 u n a few mat]ials :]e) to repair accid5ts4 ,?us1 ev5 boil+ 9 milk w (t5 suffice to reunite brok5 edges4 ,b ,i believe t ( all1 ! ,turki% cem5t already describ$1 :i* is made ( gum ,,ma/ic 7a t]m improp]ly appli$ 9 ,france to putty1 by ,am]icans to lime-pla/] on h\ses1 & by ,levant9es to _s ) res9 9 x71 is ! mo/ adhesive & resi/ant to heat1 cold1 or moi/ure4 ,! art ( m5d+ does n consi/ s mu* ( kn[+ :at to use = an ,,adhesive 7s9ce1 z ,i h said1 e *emi/'s %op ab\nds 9 ^!7 z 9 skill & tact ) :i* fragm5ts are br\ght & kept toge!r1 miss+ portions suppli$1 & 9 kn[+ ! sub/ance ) :i* to fill a blank4 ,!re are cases 9 :i*1 :5 a hole has be5 knock$ 9 a *9a or glass plate1 x c be drill$ out r\nd1 & a disc ( ! same sub/ance or col\r1 or ev5 ( ano!r1 ins]t$4 ,?is is almo/ an art by itself1 & by means ( x v s+ul> & puzzl+ effects may be introduc$2 z1 = in/ance1 :5 a numb] ( holes are drill$ 9 a :ite *9a plate & !n fill$ ) discs ( col\r$ *9a1 agate1 coral1 c4 ,9 ! ,ea/1 turquoise & coral beads are (t5 ?us set into porcela91 z well z wood4 ,! ma/ic or acidulat$ glue is us$ to make ! objects ins]t$ hold firmly4 ,z ! smok]1 :5 he breaks 8 pipe across ! /em1 has x repair$ ) a %ort silv] slide or tube1 s :5 a *9a j> is brok5 across ! neck1 ! rep>ation c be conceal$ by a silv] coll>1 :i* is sometimes a great improvem5t2 z1 = in/ance1 :5 ! head ( a *9a dog1 or ev5 ( a *9a man1 is tak5 (f4 ,b 9 a great _m cases1 or 9 all :]e ?is k9d ( concealm5t is advisable1 x may be made1 l ,cs>'s wife1 beyond suspicion1 by mak+ ! coll> or conceal+ ornam5t1 or leaf or fl[]1 ( silicate & :it+ s z to resemble ! w>e itself1 :i* c be done v nicely4 ,,silicate ,,( ,,soda is sometimes sold 9 ! =m ( a dry solid1 :i* is plac$ 9 a little v9eg>1 & w>m$4 ,:5 dissolv$ x c be us$ ad libitum4 ,x is (t5 us$ z a glaze = /one4 ,!re is a curi\s old /ory ab\t m5d+ brok5 crock]y by means ( magic--or r by deceit--:i*1 ?\gh n ( a practical nature1 is at lea/ amus+4 ,x is p>tially told 9 a book publi%$ ab\t #afgj1 entitl$ ,joco-,s]iorum ,natur et ,artis ,magi ,naturales ,c5turi ,tres4 ,x happ5$ once 9 ,m]g5!im t !re 0 a great fair1 :5 ! :ole c\rty>d ( ! palace 0 full ( e>!nw>e vessels = sale ab assid5tibus muliebibus 7by att5dant wom574 ,see+ ?is1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,m]g5!im w5t ab\t among ^! wom51 & s arrang$ x t !y divid$ all _! /ock into two p>ts1 or exact duplicates1 half ( :i* !y hid away1 :ile ! o!r half 0 expos$ = sale4 ,:ile at d9n] ! ,pr9ce spoke mu* ( magic1 & pr(ess$ to be able to produce su* a delirium 9 p's m9ds t !y w\ld act l lunatics4 8,?us1 = in/ance10 he said1 po9t+ casually out ( ! w9d[1 8y see all ^? wom54 ,i c drive !m mad at once40 ,:]eupon "o :o 0 pres5t wag]$ a h&some c>riage & f\r horses t ! ,pr9ce c\ld n d x4 ,! latt] smil$1 wav$ 8 h&1 & utt]$ a spell1 :5 lo6 all at once ! m>ket-wom5 began1 bac*antium m--l rag+ ,bac*ant--to attack _! crock]y ) /icks & /ools1 & hurl x ab\t1 & da% x to pieces4 ,! "o :o _h bett$ ! *>iot prote/$ t x 0 a trick arrang$ be=eh&4 ,! ,pr9ce repli$1 8,well1 ! pots are all brok54 ,if ,i c m5d !m aga9 by a spell1 wilt ?\ !n believe80 ,! o!r said1 8,mo/ c]ta9ly40 ,!n ! ,pr9ce wav$ 8 w& & said1 8,x is done4 ,let u g d[n into ! c\rty>d & see40 ,& :5 !re1 sure en\gh !y f\nd ! pots all :ole aga9--at lea/ !y discov]$ o!rs exactly l !m 9 _! places4 ,! leg5d cont9u$ t ! ,pr9ce1 ?\gh he kept ! c>riage & horses z a trophy1 lib]ally paid = !m4 ,! au?or ( ! ,tres ,c5turi1 :o does n record ! secret ( ! little arrangem5t1 decl>es t he does n "k :e!r x 0 all done by a fraud or by magic4 ,if x 0 ! latt]1 ,i regret t ! incantation by :i* brok5 crock]y is m5d$ is n[ lo/4 ,! mo/ p[]ful spell kn[n to me is ,recipe ,gumm ,ma/i* du unci cum ,spirito ,v9i fiat mixtio--t is1 ma/ic cem5t4 ,x is g5]ally comb9$ ) /urgeon's bladd] glue4 ,?is cem5t answ]s v well = glass4 ,"o ( ! old recipes1 :i* 0 v good inde$1 is ?us giv5 by ,,johannes ,,wallburg] 7#agfj73--8,take f9ely cut & a little p[d]$ /urgeon's bladd]0 7/ill sold by all *emi/s71 8s(t5 x all night 9 spirits1 add to ?is a little clean & p[d]$ ma/ic1 boil x a little 9 a brass pan4 ,%\ld x become too ?ick1 add a little spirits40 ,?is may be also us$ = _m o!r purposes4 ,a /rong b co>s] adhesive1 especially = crock]y & /one1 c be made z foll[s3--,take old & h>d goat's milk *eese1 & w>m x 9 hot wat] till x =ms1 by p\nd+1 a mass l turp5t9e4 ,add to ?is1 :ile gr9d+1 f9ely pulv]is$ quicklime & ! well-%ak5 :ite ( eggs4 ,i d n hesitate to give a v>iety ( su* recipes1 because 9 e "o ! arti/ w f9d valuable sugge/ions = o!r purposes ?an simply glue+ brok5 articles toge!r4 ,?is latt] is a valuable 8fill]0 = _m purposes4 ,glue 0 =m]ly made into a /rong cem5t by boil+ x = a "t 9 wat]1 b be=e x _h become incorporat$ ) ! wat]1 ! latt] 0 p\r$ (f & /rong spirits sub/itut$ & /irr$ well 94 ,a v popul> old cem5t = crock]y1 ( :i* !re 7 sev]al v>iations1 0 made by mix+ glue1 turp5t9e1 ox-gall1 ! juice ( g>lic1 & /urgeon-bladd]1 tragacan?1 & ma/ic4 ,all ( ?is s+ul>ly smell+ mixture 0 put into a pan & boil$ 9 /rong spirits1 su* z :isky1 !n knead$ on a bo>d "u a roll]1 aga9 boil$ ) m spirits1 yet aga9 roll$1 & ?is 0 repeat$ a ?ird "t1 & !n cool$ till x c\ld be cut into cakes4 ,:5 ^! 7 to be us$ !y 7 aga9 /eep$ 9 spirits4 ,b ) ?is cem5t1 glass or metal c\ld be mo/ firmly atta*$ to wood4 ,i confess t ,i h nev] tri$ x1 b x 0 evid5tly a v /rong cem5t4 ,ano!r ( ^! some:at complicat$ recipes = crock]y1 glass1 & porcela91 :i* ,i f9d 9 ! ,taus&kn/l]1 #aghb1 is z foll[s3--,half an ounce ( f9ely cut /urgeon's bladd]1 two teaspoonfuls ( alaba/] p[d] or gypsum1 qu>t] ( an ounce ( tragacan?1 "o teaspoonful ( silb]glatt1 two ( p[d]$ ma/ic1 two ( frank9c5se1 two ( gum-arabic1 "o ( ,m>i5glas1 "o tablespoonful ( spirits ( w9e1 "o ( be]-v9eg>4 ,boil x & /ir1 & apply4 ,any drops /ick+ to ! m5d$ article may be remov$ ) v9eg>4 ,:5 x is to be us$ aga9 revive x by heat+1 add+ spirits ( w9e & be]-v9eg>4 ,! gum-frank9c5se is "h wor? not+4 ,a common cem5t = m5d+ brok5 glass or *9a is prep>$ z foll[s3--,to two p>ts ( gum-%ellac add "o ( turp5t9e2 boil !m ov] a sl[ fire1 & =m ! mass into small cakes be=e x dries4 ,to use x1 w>m ) a lamp4 ,to m5d ivory or wood1 take a cake & let x dissolve 9 spirits ( w9e4 ,a v /rong cem5t is made z foll[s3--,take "o ounce ( f9ely p[d]$ ma/ic dissolv$ 9 six ( spirits ( w9e & two ounces ( %r$d$ /urgeon's bladd] dissolv$ 9 two ounces common spirits2 add "o half ounce ( gum-ammoniac z x h>d5s2 w>m x :5 x is to be us$4 ,?is is z /rong a cem5t z c be made4 ,defects1 cracks1 & repairs 9 porcela91 c41 may (t5 be conceal$ z foll[s3--,pa9t ! spot ) silicate ( soda1 n too mu* ?9n$1 & du/ x ov] be=e x dries ) bronze p[d]4 ,?is w set s h>d t x may be poli%$ ) an agate burni%]4 ,x is also possible t _m ( my read]s h he>d ( gesso pa9t+1 an art p]fect$ by ,mr4 ,,walt] ,,crane4 ,?is consi/s ( pa9t+ ) pla/] ( ,p>is 9 solution1 ) ! po9t ( a bru%1 deposit+ ! s(t pa/e 9 relief4 ,! same pr9ciple is applicable to pa9t+ 9 silicate & :it+ on glass surfaces4 ,by means ( x decoration c be giv5 to any glass bottle or o!r object4 ,,lime ent]s into ! composition ( _m cem5ts1 ! simple/ be+ ! mort> =m$ by its admixture ) wat]4 ,b ! quality ( ?is is v mu* det]m9$ by t ( ! lime4 ,! *unam ( ,india1 :i* resembles :ite m>ble or a f9e :ite /one1 is made ( sea-%ells burn$ to lime4 ,a wond]fully h>d1 f9e1 :ite cem5t us$ by ! ,romans = _! be/ mosaic-"w1 & :i* set ) great rapidity1 0 made ( %ell-lime ) ! :ite ( eggs4 ,i h f\nd ! same composition wor?less :5 made ) inf]ior /one-lime4 ,a good *eap cem5t = porcela9 & glass is comb9$ z foll[s3-- ,/>* or :eat fl\r #h ,glue #d ,purifi$ *alk #ab ,turp5t9e #d ,spirits ( w9e #bd ,wat] #bd ,p\r a "p ( ! spirits & wat] mix$ on ! fl\r & *alk1 add ! glue1 boil x d[n till ! latt] dissolves1 & /ir ! turp5t9e into ! :ole4 ,?is c be us$ to make artificial wood ) %av+s or sawdu/4 ,a v good cem5t = porcela91 & "o :i* is col\rless1 is made by cutt+ ! f9e/ cle> gelat9e into bits1 & dissolv+ x 9 v9eg> ( #ej1 /irr+ x 9 a porcela9 vessel until well mix$4 ,:5 cold x w h>d51 b s(t5s "u ! influ5ce ( heat1 :5 x may be appli$ to ! brok5 edges ( ! porcela91 :i* are to be press$ toge!r4 ,x w be p]fectly h>d )9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,x is to be obs]v$ t ! art ( keep+ su* jo9$ pieces toge!r is ! mo/ difficult problem 9 m5d+4 ,?is cem5t is widely applicable to _m objects1 & also admits ( consid]able modification & additions1 l all cem5ts4 ,z x is col\rless1 x may be comb9$ ) ivory du/1 or :ite p[d]s ( b>yta1 magnesia1 :it+1 c41 to =m artificial ivory ) glyc]9e4 ,) /urgeon's bladd] x makes a /ill /rong] cem5t4 ,,lehn] obs]ves t glue has ! prop]ty1 :5 comb9$ ) acid *rome salt 7saur5 *romsalz571 ( los+ its solubility :5 expos$ to ! light1 s t x c be us$ z a cem5t = brok5 porcela9 & glass4 ,if ! juncture is to be invisible1 take ! pure/ :ite gelat9e2 o!rwise ! *eap] gild]'s glue w answ]4 ,to prep>e ! *rome glue1 dissolve ! gelat9e or ! glue 9 boil+ wat]1 !n add ! solution ( d\ble *romic acid alkali1 or ! r$ *rome alkali ( comm]ce1 /ir x well up1 & put x into t9 boxes4 ,! =mula is3-- ,gelat9e or gild]s' glue #e-aj ,wat] #ij ,r$ *rome alkali #a-b ,dissolv$ 9 wat] #aj ,to use1 w>m ! cem5t1 apply x to ! brok5 glass1 :i* mu/ !n be expos$ = sev]al h\rs to ! sun%9e4 ,crack$ bottles are m5d$ by a v +5i\s process1 describ$ by ,,lehn]4 ,! bottle is cork$1 b n tightly1 & !n expos$ to heat ab\t #ajj c5tigrade4 ,!n ! cork is driv5 9 tightly1 :i* causes an expansion ( ! cracks1 :i* are at once fill$ by means ( a f9ely po9t$ bru% ) ! silicate4 ,remov$ to a cool] place ! glass contracts on ! z yet fluid silicate1 & ! fractures are m5d$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,v ,,/rong1 ,,clean ,,cem5t ,,= ,,porcela9 ,,or ,,glass is made z foll[s3-- ,well-clean$ glass p[d] #aj 0 fluor sp> p[d] #bj ,silicate ( soda solution #fj ,?is mu/ be v quickly /irr$ & appli$4 ,?is is "o ( ! h>de/ & be/ cem5ts1 & x resi/s heat & o!r influ5ces s well t :5 v c>efully amalgamat$ x may be appli$ to ! manufacture ( _m useful articles4 ,! same may be made ) ! sub/itution ( :ite pipeclay = fluor sp>1 or ) ! addition ( ! same 9 some:at l>g] proportion4 ,pipeclay or any good clay c also be comb9$ ) glyc]9e to prev5t its dry+4 ,) gelat9e & a little glyc]9e x w h>d5 & n crack4 ,?is requires c>eful amalgamation & rapid "w4 ,to prep>e v f9e glass-p[d] = ?is cem5t1 heat any glass till r$-hot1 !n drop x into cold wat]4 ,x may !n be r$uc$ 9 a mort> to an impalpable p[d]4 ,e>!nw>e tubes or pipes :i* are to be expos$ to int5se heat may be lut$ or jo9$ ) ! foll[+ cem5t3-- ,p]oxide ( manganese #hj ,:ite oxide ( z9c #ajj ,silicate ( soda #bj 8,?is does n melt1 save at a v high temp]ature2 & :5 melt$ x =ms a glassy sub/ance1 :i* holds ) extreme t5acity0 7,,lehn]74 ,to prep>e case9e cem5t = crock]y or m>ble1 x may be obs]v$ t we %\ld always take fre% :ite *eese & mac]ate or knead x ?or\ghly till only pure ,,case9e rema9s4 ,by add+ to ?is "o-?ird ( p[d]$ quicklime & bl5d+ ! two +r$i5ts v ?or\ghly we get a v /rong glue4 ,an admixture ( #aj p>ts silicate ( soda also =ms a p[]ful cem5t4 ,! foll[+ = tile-"w & common brick-crock]y1 or t]ra-cotta or porcela91 is v highly comm5d$ by ,,lehn]1 :o says t any?+ m5d$ ) x w soon] break 9 ano!r place ?an :]e x is cem5t$3-- ,slack$ lime #aj ,borax #aj ,li?>ge #e ,! cem5t is mix$ ) wat]1 & ! tile or crock]y1 c41 heat$ j be=e be+ m5d$4 ,i _c insi/ too /rongly on ?is--t no "o is to expect t by simply tak+ recipes1 z writt51 comp\nd+ & apply+ !m1 !re w be a successful result at ! fir/ trial4 ,we mu/ always h ! be/ mat]ial1 (t5 fre%1 & g5]ally attempt ! application m ?an once4 ,p]sev]&o v9ces--8,by p]sev]ance y w conqu]40 ,n only mu/ ! quality ( ! +r$i5ts us$ be ( ! be/1 b ! composition be made exactly 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y are giv54 ,! same sub/ances (t5 give v diff]5t results1 simply because ! ord] ( comb9ation 9 ! two 0 diff]5t4 ,,to ,,repair ,,pavem5ts3-- ,calc9$ lime #aj ,purifi$ *alk #ajj ,silicate ( soda #be ,?is h>d5s sl[ly4 ,x c1 :5 mix$ ) small %>p-edg$ fragm5ts ( brok5 /one1 be us$ to =m pavem5ts1 or z a b$ = mosaics4 ,= ! same purposes1 or = cem5t+ m>ble slabs1 a cem5t kn[n z t ( ,b,,ttg] may be us$4 ,x is made ?us3-- ,purifi$ *alk #ajj ,?ick solution silicate ( soda #be ,?is becomes 7,,lehn]7 9 a few h\rs s h>d t x c be poli%$4 ,x is ! pr9cipal1 & almo/ ! only1 cem5t us$ by ,m4 ,,ris-,,pacquot1 or comm5d$ 9 8 "w on m5d+ crock]y4 ,x admits ( a great v>iety ( modifications4 ,x is v sup]ior z a b$ = mosaics ( all k9ds4 ,x =ms1 l ! prec$+1 also a good b$ = scagliola & c]esa4#a ,i w\ld "h say ( ! latt]1 t ,i c\ld wi% to see x m g5]ally us$ = mural or wall ornam5t1 s9ce any "o :o c pa9t a face or decoration boldly & l>gely 9 oil or wat] col\rs w f9d x v easy4 ,x admits ( rapid execution1 & is /rik+ f its brilliancy4 ,ev]y?+ 9 x dep5ds on hav+ a good b$ to :i* x c easily adh]e4 ,i may "h obs]ve t b$s l ^! :i* set h>d & f9e are also adapt$ to fresco-pa9t+1 9 :i* ! difficulty is to select col\rs :i*1 :5 absorb$ & dri$1 d n fade4 ,mo/ pa9ts made f m9]al sub/ances comb9e ) silicate ( soda4 ,i may "h rem>k t a curi\s & easy art1 v little kn[n1 consi/s ( c>v+ or cutt+ l[ reliefs on tiles or t]ra-cotta or brick-l w>e1 :i*1 :5 outl9$ or 9 relief1 c be glaz$ 9 col\r ) silicate ( soda2 also ) _m o!r cem5ts4 ,a common & good ,,cem5t ,,= ,,porcela9 ,,or ,,glass is made z foll[s3-- ,calc9$ gypsum or pla/] ( ,p>is #ej ,calc9$ lime #aj ,:ite ( egg #bj ,?is mu/ be quickly m+l$ & rapidly us$1 z x sets v rapidly & becomes extremely h>d4 ,x makes an admirable b$ = mosaics or c]esa4 ,:5 pla/] ( ,p>is is simply comb9$ ) burnt alum 9 wat]1 ! objects m5d$ ) x require sev]al weeks to set or adh]e4 ,gypsum comb9$ ) gum alone holds firmly1 b does n resi/ wat] 7vide ,g5]al ,recipes74 ,,cem5ts ,,= ,,lut+ or clos+ *emical app>atus3-- ,dri$ clay #aj ,l9se$-oil #a ,?is endures heat to boil+-po9t ( quicksilv]4 ,a m resi/ant firepro( is z foll[s3-- ,manganese #aj ,grey oxide ( z9c #bj ,clay #dj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #g ,( ! oil only s mu* is ne$$ z to comb9e ! mass to a pa/e4 ,a ,,lut+ = v high temp]atures3-- ,clay #ajj ,glass p[d] #b ,ano!r ,,cem5t3-- ,clay #ajj ,*alk #b ,boracic acid #c ,,lehn] has 9 8 "w on ,cem5ts _m valuable sugge/ions z to m5d+ porcela94 ,fir/ly1 t 9 su* m5d+1 ! adhesive be appli$ ) c>e1 9 z ev5 & z ?9 a coat z possible2 to :i* ,i w\ld add1 t ! unskilful amateur is apt to daub x on irregul>ly & c>elessly1 ) ! impression t ! m cem5t !re is ! bett] x w /ick1 :i* is j s f> wrong t e sup]flu\s gra9 is j s mu* ( an imp$im5t to good dry+ or adhesion4 ,aga91 ! inexp]t daubs x on ) a /ick or 8any?+10 :5 a f9e-po9t$ bru% or hair-p5cil %\ld be us$4 ,,brok5 ,,*9a ,,:i* ,,is ,,to ,,be ,,m5d$ %\ld be c>efully cov]$ away s z to protect x f du/1 :i* is h>d to clean (f4 ,bew>e ( fitt+ ! pieces toge!r aga9 & aga91 z is (t5 done4 ,if ! brok5 *9a 0 us$ to conta9 milk or s\p1 c41 x %\ld be laid 9 lye to dissolve all ! fatty sub/ance1 & !n be wa%$ ) cle> wat]4 ,pa9t$ porcela9 _c1 h[ev]1 be laid 9 lye1 :i* w\ld ru9 all ! col\rs2 9 ?is case wipe !m clean ) dilute acid4 ,! great difficulty 9 m5d+ is to br+ ! pieces toge!r & keep !m s till ! adhesive dries4 ,,lehn] recomm5ds t :5 objects are small & co/ly1 a m\ld ( gypsum be con/ruct$ r\nd !m4 ,9 mo/ cases putty or wax is f> m manageable4 ,z be=e rem>k$1 indi>ubb] b&s are *iefly to be reli$ on2 ev5 if n capable ( hold+ p]man5tly1 !y aid greatly 9 ty+ ) cord4 ,9 ! ,manual ( ,f4 ,,g\pil1 rewritt5 by ,,fr$]ick ,,dillaye1 ! foll[+ me?od ( re/or+ brok5 vases1 c41 is comm5d$3-- 8,=m a solid mass ( clay 9 ! =m ( ! orig9al object4 ,!n place on x1 "o by "o1 ! fragm5ts 9 _! place1 keep+ ! clay moi/4 ,:5 ?is is done1 pa/e ov] ! ext]ior /rips ( pap]1 9 suffici5t quantity to hold ! :ole firmly toge!r4 ,!n remove ! moi/ clay1 & pa/e /rong slips ( pap]0 7or ?9 p>*m5t7 8ov] ! int]ior s z to hold ! :ole4 ,!n0 7:5 dry7 8c>efully moi/5 & remove ! out] coat+40 ,! au?or m5tions t ?is is only applicable to vases ! m\? ( :i* is wide en\gh to p]mit ! h& to be introduc$4 ,i w\ld "h1 h[ev]1 add1 t ev5 :5 x is too small = ?is purpose1 ! re/oration c be equally well effect$ z foll[s3--,make ! core ( wet clay1 or1 bett]1 ( beeswax1 !n pa/e ov] x ?9 t\gh pap]4 ,cov] ?is ) gum-arabic solution1 & set ! pieces on x4 ,:5 dry1 melt out ! wax or clay4 ,fi%-gum1 colle de poisson--t is to say1 :at is g5]ally call$ /urgeon's bladd]1 :i* includes ! bladd] ( sev]al k9ds ( fi%es dissolv$--is be/ = glass1 m>ble1 porcela91 & all k9ds ( m5d+ :]e ! cem5t %\ld n %[4 ,?is1 :5 comb9$ ) oil1 is said1 if mix$ ) clo?-du/ & fibre ( wool or silk or cotton1 to sp9 up into ?read4 ,,m5d+ ,,glass ,,) ,,sev]al ,,alli$ ,,processes ,,approv$ ,,cem5ts--,,silicate ,,( ,,soda 8,glck und ,glas ,wie bald bri*t dass40 8,good luck1 l glass1 ,soon breaks1 alas6 ,yet skill c br+ x s to pass ,z to m5d a =tune or a glass40 --,old ,g]man ,prov]b4 ,putty is naturally ! fir/ cem5t :i* sugge/s itself 9 connection ) ! m5d+ ( glass1 s9ce ?is latt] mat]ial is mo/ famili> to ! _w 9 ! =m ( w9d[s1 al?\gh 9 _m places--z1 = in/ance1 ,flor5ce1 :]e x is call$ ma/ico & pa/a--x is little us$ or kn[n4 ,! ^w is f ! ,fr5* pote1 :i* also means a potful4 ,x is v useful1 n only = sett+ glass-panes1 b = fill+ holes 9 wood1 & =ms a "p ( c]ta9 mixtures z a cem5t = m\ld+ ornam5ts4 ,x may be weak & brittle1 or else /rong & v h>d1 accord+ to ! mann] 9 :i* x is prep>$4 ,x is commonly made by comb9+ *alk 9 pa/e1 ) wat]1 ) l9se$-oil2 o!r p[d]s are also us$4 ,9 ,am]ica x is made ) pulv]is$ soap-/one & oil4 ,its excell5ce dep5ds on ! quality ( ! oil & ! c>e ) :i* x is knead$4 ,x %\ld be kept 9 a damp cell>1 9 wet clo? or "u wat]4 ,%\ld x dry & become brittle1 fre% oil mu/ be add$4 8,to take h>d old putty f glass w9d[-panes1 cov] x ) a mixture ( "o "p ( calc9$ lime1 two ( soda1 & two ( wat]0 7,,lehn]74 ,oxide ( lead comb9$ ) oil makes an excell5t b yell[ putty4 ,x sets v h>d4 ,! :ite or grey oxide ( z9c comb9$ ) l9se$-oil or l9se$-oil v>ni% makes a cem5t :i* is us$ = mak+ glass adh]e to wood or metal4 ,?ick lacqu]s1 su* z copal or amb]1 may be us$ in/ead ( common v>ni% ) bett] effect1 & ! composition is bett] :5 calc9$ lime or oxide ( lead are add$4 ,! excell5ce ( ! cem5t dep5ds on ! degree to :i* ! +r$i5ts are amalgamat$ or rubb$ 9 toge!r2 & ?is rule holds good = all simil> mixtures4 ,v>ni%1 or heavy or 8flat0 lacqu] ( copal or amb]1 =ms ( itself a /rong adhesive1 ) ! only drawback t x takes a long "t to dry4 ,a ,,v ,,good ,,cem5t ,,= ,,glass 7,,lehn]7 is z foll[s3 ,gutta-p]*a #ajj ,black pit* 7asphalt7 #ajj ,oil ( turp5t9e #ae ,?is is a glue ( g5]al application1 & specially good = lea!r & m5d+ %oes4 ,! read] :o w\ld ?or\ghly /udy ! subject ( glass may consult ,die ,glas-,fabrikation1 a v admirable "w by ,raimund ,g]n]1 glass manufactur]2 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 ,vi5na & ,leipzig1 price #ds4 #f;d4 ,small triangles ( %eet t9 or iron are (t5 us$ to fa/5 panes4 ,! m5d+ ( brok5 glass is 9 mo/ cases mu* ! same z t ( brok5 crock]y or porcela94 ,! cem5t made f ma/ic1 or ma/ic comb9$ ) /urgeon's bladd]1 or g5]ally ( silicate ) :it+1 is ! prop] adhesive4 ,z silicate ( soda is simply liquid glass1 x c be employ$ to fill spaces or to make glass2 b1 ow+ to its /icky nature1 x is h>d to manage4 ,?is may be (t5 effect$ by fir/ prep>+ a lay] ( s(t pap]1 on :i* successive coats ( silicate are laid4 ,:5 dry ! pap] c be wa%$ away4 ,,silicate ,,( ,,soda has become ( su* importance t a ,fr5* "w on m5d+ fictile w>e is almo/ entirely limit$ to its use z a b9d]1 :5 comb9$ ) :it+4 ,wat]-glass 0 long suppos$ to be a mod]n inv5tion1 till "s "o f\nd x describ$ 9 ,van ,helmont's works1 ,a4,d4 #afaj4 ,b ,i h f\nd x also 9 ! ,joco-s]iorum ,natur1 #aede2 9 ! ,magia ,naturalis ( ,wolfgang ,hildebr&1 :i* is ( ! same "t2 &1 f9ally1 by ,p>acelsus 7,lib] de ,prp>ationibus71 :]e he describes x z ,de/illatio ,cry/alli4 ,& ! au?or ( ! ,joco-s]iorum speaks ( s(t glass z a ?+ :i* _h be5 treat$ by sev]al writ]s4 ,accord+ to ,,wagn] !re are ?ree k9ds ( soluble glass--7i47 ! soluble pota% glass1 #de silex1 #c *>coal1 #cd c>b4 potass42 7ii47 soluble soda glass1 #ajj pts4 qu>tz1 #fj cal4 sulp4 soda1 #ae ( *>coal2 7iii47 d\ble soluble glass1 #ajj qu>tz1 #bb cal4 soda1 #bh c>b4 potass41 #f wood-coal4 ,wat]-glass comb9es well ) any 8indiff]5t0 p[d]1 su* z p[d]$ glass1 to make a /rong cem5t4 ,to p[d] glass1 heat x r$-hot1 drop x into cold wat] & pulv]ise x4 ,x w become z f9e z fl\r1 & 9 ?is /ate comb9es ) gum-arabic1 or glue1 or gums to make a p[]ful glass-m5d]4 ,mix$ ) p[d]$ glass1 oxide ( z9c1 or :it+1 p[d]$ m>ble1 calc9$ bone1 pla/] ( ,p>is1 wood-a%es1 c41 x c be work$ l putty4 ,mix$ ) col\rs x is us$ = /]eo*rome pa9t+1 a k9d ( fresco4 ,miss+ pieces ( glass1 su* z leaves f a *&eli]1 c be easily replac$ ) wat]-glass1 & all cracks or defects glaz$ ov] ) x4 ,?is m5d+ is alli$1 h[ev]1 to c]ta9 processes 9 art :i* are s int]e/+ t ,i v5ture on a description ( !m4 ,a great deal ( m5d+ & re/or+ 9 glass c be effect$ by means ( ! bl[-pipe & _s-lamp or gas-flame4 ,difficult z ?is may s\nd1 x is n only an easy1 b also a v curi\s & ent]ta9+1 occupation4 ,9 any city an exp]t or workman may be f\nd :o w\ld give a few lessons4 ,i h v (t5 be5 impress$ ) ! fact t s little arti/ic inv5tion or orig9ality is f\nd 9 glass-"w4 ,ev5 ! f>-fam$ ,v5etian "w is extremely limit$1 & 8mann]$0 or conv5tional1 comp>$ to :at x might be4 ,! foll[+ is an old recipe = repair+ glass3--,take f9e/ p[d]$ glass1 be/ ma/ic1 ) equal p>ts ( :ite res9 & di/ill$ turp5t9e4 ,melt all well toge!r4 ,to use1 gradually w>m x & !n apply4 ,quicklime & :ite ( egg1 intimately rubb$ into "o ano!r on a flat surface1 make a good cem5t = ord9>y glass or pott]y4 ,! cem5t ( gum-arabic is mu* /rong] :5 made z foll[s3--,take gum-arabic & dissolve x 9 acetic acid 7v9eg>7 in/ead ( wat]4 ,x mu/ be melt$ 9 a hotti% place1 z x w 9 t case be mu* bett]4 ,! f9e/ quality ( %eet-gelat9e makes a transp>5t glue1 invaluable :]e col\r is to be avoid$4 ,,to ,,m5d ,a ,,crack$ ,,glass ,,bottle ,,or ,,decant]4--,heat ! bottle1 press+ 9 ! cork1 till ! hot air )9 exp&s ! cracks1 :i* mu/ be at once fill$ ) ! liquid glass4 ,!n1 z ! wat]-glass is driv5 9 by ! pressure ( ! out] air1 z ! bottle cools ! cracks are clos$4 ,y _c well m5d a brok5 look+-glass1 b some?+ c be done ) ! l>ge pieces4 ,v>ni% or pa/e a piece ( pap] & lay x on ! quicksilv]4 ,!n ) an ,am]ican glass-cutt]1 price "o %ill+1 or a diamond-cutt]1 divide !m into squ>es = small mirrors4 ,two ( ^! ( equal size c easily be conv]t$ into a fold+ kaleidoscope 7n describ$ by ,,brew/] 9 8 "w on ! ,kaleidoscope74 ,lay ! two pieces face to face1 & pa/e ov] ! :ole1 on ! quicksilv]$ side1 a piece ( ?9 lea!r or musl94 ,:5 dry1 ) a p5knife1 cut a slit d[n betwe5 ! two on ?ree sides4 ,x w !n op5 & %ut l a portfolio4 ,?is may s]ve z a travell+1 look+ or %av+ glass1 b x is v useful to design]s ( patt]ns4 ,place ! glass upright on a table at a "r angle1 or m or less1 & lay betwe5 ! mirrors any object or a patt]n1 & y w see x multipli$ f ?ree to twelve times1 accord+ to ! angle4 ,beautiful v>iations ( designs c ?us be made1 ad inf9itum4 ,!y may be us$ z reflectors1 :5 plac$ beh9d a light4 ,take su* a piece ( look+-glass & lay a piece ( pap] on ! back1 & !n ) an agate or ivory po9t write or draw on x1 b n z h>d z to break ! silv]+4 ,!n turn x to ! sun or a /rong light1 & let ! reflection fall on a :ite surface4 ,?\gh no?+ be p]ceptible on ! face ( ! mirror1 ! writ+ w appe> 9 ! reflection4 ,glass is engrav$ z metal is et*$2 ) ?is exception1 t1 in/ead ( sulphuric or nitric acids1 fluoric acid is us$4 ,bo? glass & *9a c also be directly et*$ ) a /eel po9t1 aid$ by em]y p[d]2 :i* latt] art ,i h nev] se5 describ$1 b :i* ,i h successfully practis$4 ,x is fully set =? 9 my =?com+ "w on 8,"o ,hundr$ ,arts40 ,malleable glass1 or at lea/ t :i* does n break easily :5 let fall1 is prep>$ by dipp+ ! objects made f x1 :ile q hot1 into oil4 ,i conjecture t panes ( w9d[-glass ?us prep>$ w\ld n be brok5 by hail1 z ,i h obs]v$ t plate-glass is n4 ,x sometimes happ5s t goblets ( ?9 glass--especially ^? :i* h _h a peculi> k9d ( anneal+ or temp]+--r+ beautifully :5 bl[n on s z to vibrate !m4 ,! effect is almo/ magical on "o :o he>s x = ! fir/ "t4 ,i m5tion x t ! read] may1 :5 he f9ds old ,v5etian or any o!r ?9 glass goblets = sale1 see if !re be n among !m a f9ely r++ "o4 ,an organ c\ld be ?us made to play by w9d4 ,) reg>d to music on glass1 take any ord9>y bottle1 & by rubb+ on x a cork a little wett$ y c1 ) a little practice1 produce a />tl+ imitation ( ! *irp+1 & ev5 w>bl+1 ( birds4 ,i knew "o :o c\ld ?us imitate to p]fection night+ales & call =? responsive songs4 ,! effect dep5ds 9 a degree on ! quality ( ! cork1 & also t ( ! glass4 ,) a viol9-b[ v musical s\nds may be drawn f ! edge ( a pane ( glass4 ,x seems z if ^! me?ods might also be develop$ into musical in/rum5ts4 ,x is well kn[n t tubes ( glass susp5d$ :5 a c&le is plac$ b5ea? !m give =? musical s\nds1 (t5 ( great ri*ness & /r5g?4 ,!re are also ! musical glasses1 :i* may be play$ 9 two ways1 ei!r by rubb+ ! edges ) a wett$ f+] or by fill+ ! glasses m or less ) wat] till an octave is =m$1 & !n tapp+ !m ) a /ick ( wood4 ,all ( :i* has1 inde$1 no?+ to d ) m5d+ glass1 yet :i* may n be )\t int]e/ to ^? :o wi% to le>n all its qualities4 ,among ,,glass ,,cem5ts 9 common use :i* c be recomm5d$ are ! well-kn[n ,polyte*nic1 also ! ,imp]ial ,liquid ,glue 7no heat+ requir$71 ,hayd5 ,co41 ,w>wick ,squ>e1 ,london4 ,!re is also a v good glass cem5t made & sold by ,keye1 filt]-mak]1 ,hill ,/reet1 ,birm+ham4 ,! ,v5etians made ord9>y glass goblets v beautiful by pa9t+ on !m 9 relief ) a sub/ance :i* ,i suspect 0 9 "s cases a =m ( silicate1 or else ) a k9d ( pa9t :i* 0 n enamel1 yet :i* seems to h be5 p>tly vitre\s4 ,x r resembles oil pa9t ) glass p[d]1 b ,i d\bt if x 0 ?is4 ,work+ 9 glass implies ! m5d+ & re/oration ( /a9$-glass w9d[s2 t is1 ( pa9t+ on glass & a /udy ( designs4 ,( all ?is !re is almo/ a lit]ature4 ,among o!r works ,i c comm5d ,a ,book ( ,ornam5tal ,glaz+ ,qu>ries1 by ,a4 ,w4 ,franks1 #a1 #as42 ,div]s ,works ( ,e>ly ,ma/]s 9 ,ecclesia/ical ,decoration1 by ,ow5 ,jones1 #c1 #ajs42 ,we/lake's ,hi/ory ( ,/a9$ ,glass1 vol4 i41 ,f\rte5? ,c5tury1 #acs4 #f;d42 vol4 iii41 ,fifte5? ,c5tury1 #ahs41 publi%$ by ,bats=d1 #eb ,high ,holborn4 ,at ,rimmel's1 9 ,ox=d ,/reet1 ! read] c g5]ally obta9 ^!1 & all works on simil> subjects at prices mu* bel[ ! orig9al co/4 ,a ,,m5d+ ,,cem5t ,,= ,,glass is made z foll[s3-- ,common *eese #ajj ,wat] #ej ,slack$ lime #bj ,?is is f\nd 9 _m books ( recipes4 ,x mu/ be obs]v$ t ! *eese is to be = sometime c>efully p\nd$ ) ! wat] till q s(t1 & ! lime !n v quickly /irr$ 94 ,?is is n only useful to m5d glass1 b c be appli$ to _m o!r purposes4 ,! *eese is be/ :5 fre%4 ,,case9e 7or pure *eese7 c be comb9$ ) ease ) liquid silicate ( soda 7,,lehn]71 & ?us =ms a v /rong cem5t = porcela9 or glass1 or any o!r mat]ial4 ,fill a flask ) "o-f\r? ( fre% case9e to ?ree-f\r?s ( silicate1 & %ake x ?or\ghly & frequ5tly4 ,ano!r =mula is z foll[s3-- ,case9e #aj ,silicate ( soda #fj ,?is mu/ be us$ v promptly1 & ! article m5d$ dri$ 9 ! air4 ,a ,,cem5t :i* may be us$ 9 sev]al comb9ations is made by dissolv+ fre% acidulat$ case9e 7made by add+ v9eg> to milk1 & c>efully wa%+ ! deposit7 9 a v little cau/ic lye4 ,x mu/ be kept cork$ 9 bottles4 ,^! case9e or *eese or curd cem5ts hold well1 b d n well resi/ wat]1 except 9 p[]ful comb9ation4 ,! excell5ce ( cem5ts dep5ds to a great degree on ! quality ( ! mat]ials & ! scrupul\s obs]vance ( c>e 9 mak+4 ,?us = ! foll[+1 = glass3-- ,glue #bjj ,wat] #ajj ,calc9$ lime #ej 9 :i* we h "o ( ! commone/ & olde/ =mulas1 ! value dep5ds on 8! make-up0 t is1 ! glue mu/ be left 9 cold wat] = two days1 !n boil$ 9 a balneum m>i1 or a d\ble kettle1 9 lukew>m wat]2 t is1 x mu/ n boil1 or ! glue w be weak5$4 ,! s-call$ ,,diamond or ,,turki% ,,cem5t1 = glass or any o!r f9e "w1 has be5 kn[n s9ce e>ly times z incr$ibly /rong4 ,its =mula1 accord+ to ,lehn]1 is z foll[s3-- ,i4 ,/urgeon's bladd] #bj ,wat] #adj ,spirits ( w9e #fj ,,ii4 ,gum-ma/ic #aj ,alcohol #hj ,,iii4 ,gum-ammoniac #f ,^! are ?ree sep>ate portions1 ,no4 ,i4 be+ prep>$ by w>m+ & filt]+4 ,! gum-ammoniac is res]v$ f ! o!rs1 & add$ aft] !y are m+l$4 ,a ,,/rong ,,base ,,= ,a ,,cem5t ,,= ,,glass1 z well z wood or /one1 is made by gradually /irr+ f9ely sift$ wood-a%es into silicate ( soda1 or /rong acid glue1 till a syrup-l sub/ance results4 ,9 ,am]ica ! be/ a%es = ?is purpose are ^? ( ! hickory4 ,p]haps bee* wood yields !m equally good4 ,!re is a ,,diamond ,,cem5t :i* is ( special value to atta* gems to r+s or metal1 to make coral or pe>l or ivory adh]e toge!r1 &1 9 %ort1 = all f9e "w :]e a v /rong adhesive is requir$4 ,x is z foll[s3-- ,/urgeon's bladd] #h ,gum-ammoniac #a ,galbanum #a ,spirits ( w9e #d ,! /urgeon's bladd] is cut into small pieces & /eep$ 9 ! spirits1 & ! re/1 9 solution1 !n add$4 ,x mu/ be w>m$ aga9 :5 us$4 ,z ?is cem5t w be> long exposure to moi/ure be=e be+ at all injur$ by x1 x c be us$ z a m$ium = pa9t+ on glass1 & !reby produc+ effects v little inf]ior1 ei!r z reg>ds beauty or durability1 to glass itself4 ,! exp]im5t c be easily tri$1 z any *emi/ c make up ! recipe4 ,:5 f9i%$1 ! pa9t+ c be coat$ ) liquid silicate ( soda1 :i* w give x all ! prop]ty ( glass4 ,a ,,lime ,,cem5t ,,= ,,glass is made z foll[s3-- ,calc9$ lime #cj ,li?>ge #cj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #e ,,jewell]s' ,,cem5t4 ,extremely /rong3-- ,fi%-glue solution #ajj ,ma/ic v>ni% 7pure7 #ej ,! fi%-glue mu/ fir/ be dissolv$ 9 spirits ( w9e4 ,,to ,,jo9 ,,glass ,,& ,,metal1 c4--,/ir slack$ & p[d]$ lime 9 hot glue4 ,?is sets z a v h>d sub/ance4 ,x c be ext5sively modifi$ & v>i$ = _m sub/ances1 & us$ = pa9t+4 ,,cem5t ,,= ,,glass3-- ,gum-arabic #ej ,sug> #aj ,wat] #ej ,oil ( turp5t9e #aj ,! gum1 sug>1 & wat] are fir/ c>efully comb9$1 & !n ! turp5t9e well /irr$ ) ! mixture4 ,,salle',s ,,cem5t ,,= ,,glass3-- ,muriate ( lime #b ,gum-arabic #bj ,wat] #be ,n comm5d$ by ,,lehn]1 z be+ too soluble4 ,,to ,,close ,,bottles3-- ,p[d]$ res9 #f ,cau/ic soda #b ,wat] #aj ,to be ?or\ghly mix$ & left = sev]al h\rs4 ,be=e us+1 /ir well into x eight to n9e p>ts ( calc9$ pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,?is w 9 half-an-h\r take firm hold or 8set10 & is wat]pro(4 ,a good fill] = cracks4 ,! read] :o desires to be p]fectly in=m$ z to glass 9 all its relations c obta91 by application to ,j4 ,,ba]1 ,rossm>kt1 ,frank=t on ! ,ma91 ,g]many1 a catalogue :i* is p]haps ! mo/ ext5sive on ! subject ev] publi%$4 ,col\r$ or /a9$ glass w9d[s may be repair$ or made by ! foll[+ process1 :i* has ! advantage ( be+ q z durable z any 9 :i* ! col\rs are burn$ 93--,take two panes ( glass1 & pa9t on "o y\r patt]n ) f9e v>ni% & transp>5t col\r mix$4 ,:5 dry1 g ov] ! :ole1 ) a broad1 s(t bru%1 ) a liquid ma/ic cem5t1 :i* mu/ be q transp>5t & ?94 ,any transp>5t /rong cem5t w s]ve1 b x is advisable to use ! ma/ic 9 all cases z a n>r[ bord] & at ! edges4 ,if y h an engrav+1 especially "o on v s(t spongy pap]1 take a pane ( glass1 cov] x ) a coat ( v>ni%1 & j be=e x dries press ! engrav+ face d[n1 on x4 ,:5 q dry1 ) a sponge slightly damp$ & ! end ( ! f+]1 peel away all ! s(t pap]1 leav+ ! l9es ( ! engrav+4 ,^! may n[ be col\r$ ov]1 ) ev5 v little skill & c>e4 ,a v good effect may be produc$1 s t a v indiff]5t arti/ c 9 ?is way produce v tol]able pictures4 ,!n1 to bett] pres]ve ?is1 d\ble x ) ! o!r pane4 ,by pa9t+ & %ad+ also on ?is second pane1 z ,i h discov]$1 v beautiful & /rik+ effects ( light & %ade c be develop$1 s t ?is =ms1 z x 71 a new art by itself4 ,?is w rem9d ! read] ( ! porcela9 lamp-%ades1 :i* s mu* resemble pictures 9 ,indian ink2 b ! effects ( ! d\ble panes are m s+ul> & f> m v>i$4 ,!re may be ev5 a ?ird pane employ$4 ,z ! mat]ials = ?is art are f> f exp5sive1 & z x is extremely easy1 ,i h no d\bt t x w be ext5sively practis$4 ,protect+ "o glass picture by ano!r is n a new art2 b ,i am n aw>e t ! obta9+ a s]ies ( lights by ?us r$uplicat+ ! panes has be5 practis$4 ,a modification ( x is z foll[s3--,cut out sev]al panes1 correspond+ to ! size ( ! two glass cov]s1 ( q transp>5t pap] or p>*m5t1 prep>$ by rubb+ ) oil or vasel9e1 l>d1 or ! l4 ,pa9t on ^! ! requir$ modifications ( ! picture4 ,! advantage ( ?is is1 t a great _m %ades c ?us be giv5 9 a ?9n] space1 creat+ an a/oni%+ effect4 ,z ?is is n at all a m]e imitation ( /a9$ glass1 & z x produces effects n to be f\nd 9 ! latt]1 x may rank z an art by itself4 ,! *ief ( ^! effects is relief1 especially %[n 9 ! human figure4 ,b ! mo/ extraord9>y are ! v>iations ( *i>oscuro :i* x af=ds1 by avail+ himself ( :i* ! arti/ may create or obta9 /rik+ sugge/ions = oil or aqu>elle pictures2 = ^! transp>5cies c be s inf9itely & +5i\sly v>i$ t no "o c fail to d]ive f !m _m ideas4 ,?is may be te/$ by simply prep>+ any picture1 say ( a /atue1 a ca/le on a rock1 or a face4 ,cut out f %eets ( ! same size 9 v transp>5t pap] a s]ies ( %ad[s adapt$ to x1 & adju/ !m4 ,!y may be all 9 mono*rome or "o col\r1 or 9 _m hues4 ,!y may range1 ) prop] c>e1 f almo/ imp]ceptible %ad[ to opaque black4 ,by beg9n+ ) only two /5cils or %ad$ pictures--= z reg>ds ^! ! arti/ mu/ be guid$ by 8 own skill--& gradually increas+ ! numb]1 ! prop] adju/m5t w soon be f\nd4 ,i advise ! beg9n] 9 copy+ to proce$ f mono*rome to two col\rs be=e attempt+ _m4 ,tea*]s 9 aqu>elle w f9d t su* copies are--aft] a c]ta9 degree ( pr(ici5cy %all h be5 obta9$--mu* sup]ior to ^? commonly us$1 z !y come ne>] to nature4 ,! mo/ p]fect =m ( ?is curi\s art is an improvem5t :i*1 ,i believe1 is my own inv5tion4 ,?is consi/s ( introduc+ leaves ( pa9t$ mica betwe5 ! two glasses4 ,9 ?is way f\r grades or tones ( col\r & light & %ade c be made 9 a picture4 ,mica-leaves c be made into "o by us+ ma/ic cem5t4 ,rub ! edges ) em]y-pap] to r\gh5 !m4 ,z ,i h already intimat$1 ! mat]ials = ?is "w are s *eap & ! process s easy1 t all :i* ,i "h ass]t may be at once v]ifi$ by ! outlay ( a few %ill+s1 ) a few h\rs ( "t4 ,x is1 9 ano!r =m1 ! same ?+ z arrang+ lights ar\nd a /atue 9 a d>k room1 b adapt$ to all k9ds ( pictures4 ,z a ,lat9 poet has decl>$1 8,x is an easy ?+ to add to arts10 :5 a beg9n+ has once be5 made 78,inv5tis facile semp] aliquid add]e071 s ,i w add to ?is a curi\s discov]y 9 glass made by me 9 ,v5ice a few ye>s ago4 ,i 0 be+ tak5 by ,sir ,,au/9 ,,lay>d ov] 8 celebrat$ glass-factory4 ,x 0 he :o1 ) ! aid ( ,sir ,,william ,,drake1 fir/ reviv$ ! almo/ =gott5 manufacture ( glass 9 ,murano4 ,:ile /&+ ) him by a furnace wat*+ a workman skilfully =m+ ornam5ts 9 glass1 x sudd5ly occurr$ to me t ! ,*9ese 7 said to h possess$ 9 remote times an art1 n[ lo/1 ( mak+ vases or bottles :i* appe>$ ext]nally to be q pla91 b on ! surface ( :i*1 :5 r$ w9e 0 p\r$ 91 patt]ns or inscriptions appe>$ ( ! same col\r4 ,x at once occurr$ to me t ?is c\ld be p]fectly effect$ by mak+ a bottle1 on ! int]ior ( :i* ! gr\nd %\ld be ( consid]able ?ickness1 say half-an-in*1 :ile ! inscription or patt]n w\ld be no ?ick] ?an ord9>y w9d[-glass4 ,!n if ! :ole ext]ior 7 to be lightly gr\nd on a :eel or s&pap]$1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 gr\nd & patt]n w\ld n be p]ceptible until r$ w9e or "s highly col\r$ fluid 7 p\r$ 91 :5 ! patt]n w\ld at once %[ itself4 ,sir ,,au/9 ,,lay>d 0 s mu* /ruck by ! sugge/ion t he s5t at once = 8 =eman1 ,signore ,ca/ellani1 :o said t he _h he>d ( su* bottles1 b always suppos$ x 0 a fable4 ,he1 h[ev]1 at once admitt$ t !y c\ld be made z ,i propos$1 b add$ t ! exp5se w\ld be s great z to r5d] ! inv5tion practically useless4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 s9ce occurr$ to me t su* bottles c\ld be made1 & *eaply1 z foll[s3--,take a ,flor5ce flask1 & divide x into two p>ts ) a diamond1 us+ a saw = ! bottom4 ,!n on ! sides )9 place ! gr\nd4 ,x c\ld be made ( silicate ( soda & p[d]$ glass or fl9t1 or ev5 ( :ite wax1 h>d5$ ) p[d]$ glass4 ,close ! bottle ) silicate1 & gr9d ! :ole4 ,:5 any glass has be5 brok5 & m5d$1 ! fracture /ill disc]nible may be ?us conceal$ by gr9d+ ! surface1 & 9 _m cases by surr\nd+ x ) a r+ or tube ( metal1 also by "o ( silicate1 or ) an ornam5t =m$ ) x4 ,a glass /opp] :5 too l>ge c be easily fil$ d[n to fit4 ,%\ld ! neck ( ! bottle be too n>r[1 x c also be enl>g$ by ! same process4 ,:5 ! rim ( a goblet is fractur$1 x c be gr\nd d[n on a gr9d/one4 ,i h done x ) a file4 ,a pane ( glass c be some:at rudely cut into %ape ) a pair ( /rong scissors1 "u wat]4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 o!r ?+s1 practice leads to p]fection4 ,an old me?od ( effectually clos+ bottles ( w9e 0 z foll[s3--,! edge ( ! op5+ on ! top 0 gr\nd d[n on a /one1 & a small disc ( glass 0 exactly fitt$ to x4 ,heat 0 !n appli$ till bo? 7 9 p>tial fusion & ! cov] 0 weld$ to ! bottle4 ,a little p[d]$ glass w\ld aid ! fusion1 or x c\ld be effect$ ) silicate )\t heat+4 ,! process is ! same z us+ glass /opp]s1 r sunk 91 & seal+ up ) silicate4 ,a brok5 *ampagne bottle is n easily m5d$1 b ,i h se5 "o curi\sly utilis$4 ,! bottom only _h be5 brok51 & x 0 cut (f r\nd & ev5ly ) a file4 ,)9 x !re hung f ! cork by a cord a v l>ge nail or small bolt ( iron4 ,?us prep>$1 x made a capital & appropriate d9n]-bell4 ,"h 9 ,italy ,i h (t5 se5 bells made ( crock]y or t]ra-cotta2 _! tone is bett] ?an w\ld be suppos$4 ,,wood-,,%av+s ,,9 ,,m5d+ ,,& ,,mak+ ,,_m ,,objects 8,9 human indu/ry1 !re is on an av]age a loss ( fifty p] c5t4 9 lab\r or mat]ial40--,obs]vations on ,art1 by ,,*>les ,g4 ,,lel&4 ,!re is no c\ntry 9 ! _w 9 :i* ! art ( m5d+ is s mu* requir$ z 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,! reason = ?is is ! extraord9>y & sudd5 *anges 9 temp]ature1 caus+ ! expansion & contraction ( cells & fibre1 especially 9 wood1 :i* results 9 cracks4 ,?us season$ furniture & c>v+s1 :i* h rema9$ un*ang$ = c5turies1 x may be = a ?\s& ye>s1 9 any "p ( ,europe1 %r9k & split v (t5 )9 a mon? aft] be+ plac$ 9 a draw+ or d9+ room 9 ,bo/on or ,philadelphia1 z ,i "k by sad exp]i5ce4 ,?us ,i h kn[n a v beautiful ,italian m&ol9e1 ?ree hundr$ ye>s old1 ri*ly inlaid ) ivory1 to s %r9k & w>p 9 ,am]ica t a pr(essional m5d] decl>$ t no?+ c\ld be done ) x4 ,! s\nd+-bo>d _h curl$ up l a scroll & split1 & ! mosaic or inlay+ _h fall5 out 9 bits4 ,9 su* a case1 c>efully deta* ! w>p$ piece or pieces1 & damp5 ! concave side c>efully ) a sponge till x resumes its flatness or usual =m4 ,:5 ?is is atta9$1 take v ?9 %av+s ( a firm wood1 z ?9 z !y c be %av$1 & glue !m transv]sely1 or gra9 across gra91 to ! "u or pla9 side ( ! bo>d4 ,?is w probably prev5t all w>p+ 9 future1 especially if ! be/ ma/ic & fi%-glue is employ$4 ,x may "h be not$ t :]e ! %av+s _c be obta9$1 ?9 p>*m5t or ev5 note-pap] may be us$1 & t good1 /rong v>ni%1 or n too ?91 may be us$ = a b9d]4 ,!re are _m cases 9 :i* p>*m5t or pap] are pref]able to wood 9 repair+1 z be+ less liable to w>p or crack4 ,illu/ration3 ,patt]ns cut f ,wood-,%av+s4 ,,wood-,,%av+s1 :i* are z yet b little utilis$ 9 art1 h1 h[ev]1 be=e !m 8a great future40 ,comb9$ ) glue1 or o!r b9d]s1 !y c be made1 ev5 "u ! h&-roll]1 into bo>ds1 :i* h ! advantage t !y c be m\ld$1 curv$1 or turn$ to suit _m em]g5cies :i* w\ld require a great deal ( saw or c>v+ "w4 ,x is n unusual to employ v5e]s1 or v ?9 %eets ( wood1 z a gu>d across ! gra9 :]e %r9k+ is to be appreh5d$1 z 9 tablets = pa9t+ on or panels1 & x is a great pity t ?is v *eap precaution is s little us$4 ,b !re are v few cases 9 :i* %av+s are n z applicable1 & !y h ! great advantage ( be+ obta9able :]ev] !re is a plane & wood4 ,holes or defects 9 wood--= example1 9 ,am]ican %+le ro(s or ! clap-bo>d$ sides ( h\ses--c (t5 be m *eaply & readily repair$ ) %av+s & glue 7into :i* oil is infus$7 ?an by any o!r means4 ,& x may be obs]v$ t su* a coat+ ( %av+s & glue1 laid on to a new ro(1 is ! *eape/ & mo/ effective protector aga9/ ra9 or sun or fro/4 ,9 c]ta9 "w wood-%av+s c be advantage\sly comb9$ ) pap] to give a solid1 smoo? surface & firm body4 ,"h ! pap]-pa/e1 ) or )\t sawdu/1 is fir/ =c$ into ! cavities1 & ! %av+s sup]add$4 ,%av+s & glue are excell5t = ! tempor>y repair ( boats1 & if ! m5d+ be prop]ly execut$1 x w be z durable z ! orig9al wood4 ,x w\ld be an easy matt] inde$ to make a canoe entirely ( %av+s & glue4 ,if ! h&-roll] be well us$ & ?or\ghly appli$1 ! result w be a v firm fabric4 ,illu/ration3 ,patt]n to be cut out ( ,%av+s & appli$ ) ,glue to a ,panel4 ,x may be wor? kn[+ 9 ! wild]ness1 t :]e a backwoodsman has a plane 7& he c always make "o if he has a *isel1 :i*1 aga91 c be made out ( a knife-blade7 he c make %av+s1 & ) ^! & "s k9d ( b9d]--ev5 clay--he c lay a dry1 h>d floor1 :5 p]haps bo>ds are n to be obta9$4 ,! sub/ratum may be ( beat5 clay or /one4 ,if ( suffici5t ?ickness & well roll$1 su* a floor z ?is w\ld be imp]vi\s to damp4 ,any surface c be v well v5e]$ ) %av+s & glue4 ,smoo? ! surface by pressure or roll+1 & :5 dry glass-pap] x4 ,v5e]s are (t5 n to be _h2 %av+s may be got 9 e c>p5t]'s %op4 ,n only v /rong & ela/ic canes1 b ev5 b[s ( a sup]ior quality1 c be made ( %av+s4 ,! ,indians 9 ,pacific ,am]ica make ! latt] by pa/+ & press+ "o %av+ on ano!r ) great c>e4 ,x may be und]/ood t :]e ! gra91 z 9 a piece ( wood1 runs altoge!r 9 "o way1 x w split ) ! gra94 ,b :]e x is n uni=m or connect$1 & is v p[]fully incorporat$ by pressure ) a good b9d]1 we may easily h a v ela/ic & t\gh fabric1 n s likely to split z wood4 ,?us we c make f hickory %av+s a wood less liable to w>p or split ?an ! orig9al wood itself4 ,wood-%av+s & glue are admirably adapt$ to repair brok5 boxes or any o!r articles ( wood1 especially = smoo?+ ov] r\ghly m5d$ surfaces & cov]+ knot-holes or o!r defects4 ,9 all cases :5 possible use ! roll]1 & :5 pa/+ "o piece on ! o!r cross ! gra9s4 ,,musical ,,in/rum5ts1 su* z guit>s1 viol9s1 & m&ol9s1 are v easily repair$ ) %av+s & glue2 & ?is is1 inde$1 9 _m cases1 ! v be/ means ( rep>ation1 s9ce1 :ile a piece ( wood may or may n injure ! tone1 ! %av+s always give a good vibration4 ,& :]e x is q beyond ! p[] ( any ord9>y amateur1 say a lady1 to set 9 a piece ( wood or apply "o1 or to get x ( a prop] ?ickness1 anybody ) c>e c pa/e on ?9 %av+s--! ?9n] ! bett]--till ! defect is repair$4 ,9 _m cases p>*m5t or pap] w answ] j z well1 & ,i h myself ?us p]fectly m5d$ viol9s :i* 7 app>5tly beyond all bett]+1 & got to ! /age ( lasciate ogni sp]anza1 or hopelessness4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 _m cases ( badly fractur$ objects 9 :i* ! own] gives up hope1 because x seems impossible to make a beg9n+4 ,n[1 8:atev] c be made c be m5d$0 is true ( ev]y?+ except morals1 & ev5 9 ^! !re is m to be done ?an m5 wot (4 ,& 9 a great numb] ( ^! cases p>*m5t /rips1 ?9 l95 tape1 or especially wood-%av+s1 c be us$ ) success4 ,br+ ! brok5 edges toge!r if !y w>p ap>t1 & atta* !m ) ! /rip & /ronge/ cem5t2 t is1 ) small pieces ( ! 8fa/5]40 ,d n attempt to d ev]y?+ at once4 ,:5 ! edges are unit$ & ! b9d] dri$1 fill 9 all crevices or holes ) a suitable pa/e or 8fill]0--n too mu* at once1 9 c]ta9 cases4 ,!n1 z w g5]ally be requir$1 cov] ! surface ) ?9 %av+s & b9d]2 z x dries1 file or glass-pap] x smoo?4 ,! %av+s w make1 ) ma/ic & fi%-glue1 9 _m cases1 a f> bett] repair ?an c\ld be effect$ ) a piece ( wood or p>*m5t1 because !y w nev] split1 l ! =m]1 if !y are appli$ ly+ transv]sely or crossways1 nor /ret* l ! latt]4 ,x may dep5d1 9 _m cases1 on :at wood ! %av+s consi/ (4 ,z ,i h obs]v$1 ev5 9 ! bu% a plane c be made ) a *isel or a piece ( a table-knife blade1 set 9 a wood5 block2 b else:]e any c>p5t] w easily supply :at is want$1 ad libitum4 ,! pa/e or fill] ( wood-p[d] or pap]-pulp w be f\nd describ$ 9 o!r *apt]s4 ,,ornam5tal ,,"w ,,( ,,%av+s--,,m>quetry ,a curi\s k9d ( ornam5t c be made by cutt+ out decorative patt]ns1 human figures1 animals1 fl[]s1 c41 f %av+s ) scissors or p5-knives1 !n glue+ !m on a smoo? s(t bo>d4 ,apply z mu* pressure z possible1 s z to make !m s9k into ! wood1 & :5 dry coat ! :ole ) v>ni%1 till an ev5 surface is e/abli%$4 ,rub ov] ! dri$ surface ) f9e/ glass or em]y-pap]1 & !n smoo? pati5tly ) ! palm ( ! h&4 ,if ?is be well execut$ ! result w be a p]fect imitation ( inlaid wood1 al?\gh x is really an art by itself1 :i*1 ,i believe1 is my own inv5tion4 ,?9 v5e]s may also be us$ in/ead ( %av+s4 ,ebony or walnut ?us appliqu on l>* or holly make exquisite "w4 ,?is k9d ( ornam5t has great advantage ov] inlaid wood or m>quetry1 = ! pieces ( :i* x consi/ are f> less liable to be deta*$ or peel (f1 :ile x looks q z beautiful4 ,& be x obs]v$ t1 laid ) a transv]se gra91 x prev5ts w>p+ & /r5g!ns ! gr\nd1 :ile inlay+ weak5s x2 = to make ! b$ = inlay+ or mosaic we mu/ excavate ! b$ till x is extremely ?9 & liable to w>p1 :]eas 9 %av+-"w we make a light b v /r5g!n+ addition4 ,a s+le exp]im5t w suffice to conv9ce ! read] ( ! m]its ( ?is v useful1 elegant1 & novel art4 ,x is specially applicable to ornam5t+ albums & book-cov]s1 :]e x may be us$ ev5 on pa/ebo>d4 ,,repair+ ,,panel ,,pictures ,,) ,,%av+s ,x is (t5 a v difficult matt] to obta9 a ?9 panel or /rips & d all ! "w prop]ly :5 we wi% to put into %ape a w>p$ panel1 let u say ( an old picture1 :i* is on ! po9t ( splitt+4 ,! ins]t+ screws is v dang]\s4 ,i myself h inadv]t5tly ?us made a fe>ful blemi% 9 a ,madonna's face4 ,b if we use %av+s !re is no su* dang]4 ,wet ! back till ! panel is flat1 & !n gradually glue on ! %av+s across ! gra94 ,?is is z well done ) small bits z l>ge4 ,) a picture x w\ld be well to cont9ue ! coat+ to ! ?ickness ( "o-?ird ( an in* or m1 b a v ?9 coat+ w g f> to prev5t w>p+ or b5d+4 ,! ?9ne/ panels or v5e]s may be ?us 8back$ up0 into solid bo>ds4 ,9 all cases :]e practicable1 use heavy pressure on ! roll]4 ,,repair+ ,,woodwork 8,among ! ?\s& mad s*emes :i* 7 propos$ by projectors 0 "o = mak+ sawdu/ into bo>ds40--,hi/ory ( ! ,s\? ,sea ,bubble4 ,v few p1 ev5 among workm5 & arti/s1 are aw>e ( :at rem>kable & curi\s re/oration ! mo/ decay$ pieces ( wood are capable4 ,we w1 h[ev]1 beg9 ) ! simple/ repair+1 or t ( furniture4 ,:5 articles ( furniture h be5 /rongly & prop]ly made ( oak or o!r h>d wood1 & z prop]ly us$1 !y w la/ = c5turies2 & %\ld "s un=ese5 accid5t take away legs or arms1 !y c be p]fectly replac$1 especially 9 ! admirable old-fa%ion$ ,g]man objects ( ! k9d1 :i* 7 all put toge!r ) wood5 p9s or by means ( mortise & t5on1 s t1 :5 ne$ requir$1 !y c\ld be pack$ z bo>ds2--nor 7 !y ! less elegant = ?is4 ,b if furniture be simply saw$ f s(t1 *eap deal or popl>1 & m]ely glu$ toge!r 7z mo/ *eap furniture made 9 ,engl& is71 x w soon w>p & break up1 & all ! m5d+ 9 ! _w w n make x bett] ?an x 0 :5 new4 ,glue is1 !re=e1 ! great mat]ial = mo/ woodwork1 &1 z ,i %all %[1 9 two v diff]5t =ms4 ,hav+ a brok5 *air-leg1 :i* c1 h[ev]1 be fitt$ toge!r1 fir/ prep>e y\r glue 9 a prop] kettle--t is1 a balneum m>i1 or "o kettle 9 ano!r4 ,9 ! out] is only boil+ wat]2 9 ! inn] ! glue1 mix$ ) wat]4 ,! reason = ?is is1 t glue1 :5 s(t5$ ) wat]1 dries up v rapidly "u ! action ( air or fire1 :ile ! s(t] heat ( wat] keeps x1 s to speak1 8alive40 ,b if1 :ile ! glue is s(t1 we p\r1 say1 a teaspoonful ( nitric acid into half-a-p9t ( glue1 x w rema9 s(t a mu* long] "t--:i* is a valuable secret to _m1 especially :]e l>ge1 broad surfaces ( v5e]s are to be glu$ on1 & :]e1 ! process be+ sl[1 x is desirable = ! adhesive to rema9 s(t = _m m9utes4 ,& "h ,i w\ld m5tion t ! acid-glue w rema9 9 a liquid /ate = "o ye> if tightly cork$ up 9 a bottle4 ,its only defect is a disagreeable1 pung5t smell4 ,?is glue c be improv$ by be+ made z foll[s3--,take ( be/ glue ?ree p>ts1 place !m 9 eight p>ts ( wat]1 & all[ ! mixture to soak "s h\rs4 ,take half a "p ( hydro*loric or muriatic acid & ?ree-qu>t]s ( a "p ( sulphate ( z9c2 add to ^! ! glue1 & keep ! :ole at a mod]ately high temp]ature till fluid--t is to say1 boil ! glue z usual 9 a balneum m>i or 9 hot wat]1 aft] soak+ x all night 9 wat]4 ,!n /ir 9 ! hydro*loric 7or muriatic7 acid & sulphate ( z9c4 ,?is is a fir/-class glue4 ,keep x 9 a bottle ) an oil$ cork2 any o!r /opp] w\ld adh]e4 ,b = all ord9>y "w ! glue1 ) nitric acid1 w suffice1 z x holds ) great t5acity to any?+4 ,?is glue1 :i* keeps liquid = a long "t1 & :i* holds )\t scal+ (f1 z common glue (t5 does1 may also be made ) v /rong v9eg>4 ,! latt]1 9 fact1 am\nts to ! same ?+ 9 mo/ ,european c\ntries1 b especially 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :]e1 accord+ to ! ,new ,york ,tribune1 !re is lit]ally no v9eg> sold or made1 save f sulphuric acid & wat]4 ,p]haps :5 mank9d %all h rea*$ a high] /age ( civilisation1 all deal]s w be compell$ by law to place on e article ( food sold ! li/ ( +r$i5ts ( :i* x is compos$4 ,we %\ld !n "k h[ mu* oleom>g>9e passes = butt]1 & :at proportion ( 8delici\s cons]ves0 are manufactur$ f apples alone or turnips4 ,obs]ve t 9 glue+ ord9>y wood toge!r ! two pieces to be atta*$ %\ld be gradually b v well heat$ fir/4 ,?is r5d]s !m m incl9$ to 8take0 ! glue4 ,?is is applicable to o!r sub/ances4 ,also note t :5 two surfaces h be5 made to adh]e ) ord9>y wat]-glue1 %\ld !y come ap>t :5 cold1 x is v difficult to make !m unite aga94 ,b ?is is n ! case ) acid-glue4 ,& if y h su* surfaces :i* w n unite1 wa% !m ) nitric acid or v /rong v9eg>1 & ! glue !n appli$ w 8take40 ,also obs]ve t ! acid-glue is f> /rong] ?an ! common k9d4 ,hav+ ! brok5 leg fitt$1 fir/ ) a n>r[ gimlet or brad-awl make a hole cross+ ! fracture1 !n glue ! pieces toge!r1 & be=e ! glue dries put a screw or two ?r\gh ! hole2 i4e41 screw ! pieces toge!r4 ,?is w hold p]fectly1 if y w s9k ! head ( ! screw 9 ! wood1 smoo? x ) a file1 !n putty x ov] & pa9t x4 ,x seems /range t any?+ c be s m5d$ z to be /rong] ?an be=e2 yet ?is is lit]ally true z reg>ds ! brok5 leg ( a *air1 a cane1 a beam1 ! ma/ or sp> ( a vessel1 or any simil> long piece ( wood4 ,?is is effect$ z foll[s3--,cut ! two sep>at$ pieces into two exactly fitt+ 8/eps0 or mortises1 z %[n 9 ?is illu/ration4 ,illu/ration ,fa/5 ^! ) glue & screws2 or1 bett] /ill1 by add+ to bo? two slid+1 tightly fitt+ r+-tubes1 or "o long "o4 ,?is w actually make ! /ick /rong] ?an x 0 at fir/4 ,! r+s %\ld be cov]$ ) pap]1 glu$1 & !n pa9t$ & v>ni%$4 ,! processes ( glue+ & screw+ are applicable to mo/ fractures ( furniture4 ,:]e a piece ( wood is brok5 away1 x1 or a simil> piece1 mu/ be ins]t$4 ,:5 wood is w>p$ x may be /raight5$ by apply+ wet t[els4 ,obs]ve t if a flat panel is w>p$ ?us-- ,illu/ration y mu/ wet ! upp] or concave side1 put x "u heavy weight1 & z soon z x becomes /raight1 screw x d[n ) transv]se /rips4 ,draw]s :i* are made f badly season$ wood are a grief to ! he>t4 ,!y w>p & /ick4 ,:5 y f9d t su* is ! case y c save y\rself mu* annoyance by exam9+ !m1 plan+ away ! ob/ructions1 & nail+ transv]se /rips ( wood across2 t is to say1 pieces 9 :i* ! gra9 ( ! /rip crosses t ( ! wood4 ,v good & well-season$ ,engli% furniture (t5 w>ps badly 9 ,india2 !re=e x %\ld be ?us protect$4 ,?is c 9 mo/ cases be bett] done ) /rips ( metal4 ,9 l>ge w>drobes1 presses1 or *e/s1 :]e !re are broad & (t5 ?9 panels1 ?is precaution %\ld always be tak54 ,z ,i write ,i h j se5 two exquisitely pa9t$ & valuable pictures on panel1 "o ( :i* _h curv$ & split 9 two1 :ile ! o!r 0 badly w>p$ = want ( su* a precaution1 :i* w\ld h co/ only a p5ny's wor? ( /rip & screws & half-an-h\r's "w to save !m4 ,x w v (t5 happ5 9 m5d+ furniture t nei!r nail1 glue1 nor screw c be reli$ on4 ,9 su* case bore ) a suitable gimlet & pass wire ?r\gh ! hole4 ,flexible wire twi/$ 9 two /r&s1 ) ! ends prop]ly secur$1 say to ! head ( a screw1 all be+ sunk b5ea? ! level1 w hold almo/ any?+4 ,frames = look+-glasses or pictures (t5 8spr+0 at ! jo9ts4 ,9 su* cases a screw ) acidulat$ glue w make !m p]man5tly /rong4 ,always put h&les to draw]s4 ,! vile inv5tion or device ( us+ ! key = a h&le is by f> too common4 ,metallic h&les ( brass are pref]able to wood5 knobs4 ,keys are (t5 lo/1 or else break4 ,! bottom ( a draw] %\ld always be secur$ by screws4 ,:5 ! bottom ( a draw]1 z frequ5tly happ5s1 %r9ks & becomes too %ort1 s t !re is a long op5+1 ! latt] %\ld be fill$ ) a /rip ( wood4 ,! *ief cause :y mod]n furniture is apt to become loose or sep>ate is *iefly due to its be+ made ei!r ( unseason$ or s(t wood1 su* z weak deal or popl>1 :i* absorbs moi/ure f ! air & !n dries & %r9ks1 or because x is made ( too _m pieces only glu$ toge!r1 & t ) *eap1 bad glue4 ,,re/or+ ,,decay$ ,,wood4--,! wor/ cases ( decay or ( worm-eat5 wood c be p]fectly re/or$ 9 ?is mann]3--,take f9e sawdu/ ( ! same k9d ( wood z ! orig9al4 ,let x be z f9e z possible1 ei!r cut ) a ref9$ saw or p[d]$ 9 a mort>4 ,sift x4 ,!n ) acidulat$ glue1 or else pla91 cle>1 :ite ,salisbury glue = light wood1 make a pa/e1 well mix$4 ,) ?is y c fill up holes 7us+ a spatula or flexible knife or ivory pap]-knife74 ,b1 :at is m1 y c ?us make a v /rong artificial wood :i* c be m\ld$ into any =m1 & :5 dry poli%$ by cutt+ ov] ! surface ) a *isel or flat g\ge1 & us+ a file or glass-pap] to f9i%4 ,9 fact1 y c m\ld or model figures ) ?is wood-pa/e by itself4 ,putty is g5]ally us$ = su* repairs1 b ! wood-pa/e is l wood1 & q z durable4 ,if y h a m\ld ( pla/] ( ,p>is1 boil x 9 oil1 clean x1 & !n oil x4 ,) ! wood-pa/e y c make ornam5ts :i* c be appli$ to pla9 wood surfaces4 ,spl9ts1 fractures1 cracks1 holes1 corn]s brok5 away1 are all easily re/or$ ) wood-pa/e4 ,9 m\ld+ x ! f+]s %\ld be oil$ to prev5t its /ick+4 ,any k9d ( dry sawdu/ c ?us be conv]t$ into a pa/e1 :i*1 :5 dry1 becomes wood4 ,x may be v mu* h>d5$ "u a hydraulic-press or by a wood5 h&-roll]4 ,h\sekeep]s %\ld use ?is composition = fill+ up rat-holes1 or any k9d ( crevices 9 furniture1 or panels1 or doors & walls1 especially :]e su* cracks h>b\r insects4 ,x w\ld be p]fectly possible to con/ruct an entire h\se ( su* wood-cem5t1 & "o :i* w\ld be p]fectly durable1 or ev5 m s ?an wood1 s9ce beams & planks ?us made nev] crack1 split1 nor w>p4 ,) x ! bolde/ vault+ & ar* "w c be m easily made ?an 9 /one or ) wood1 z ! latt] is usually work$4 ,z build]s 9 ,turkey =m domes by mak+ circles ( clay or mud1 & gradually add to ! fir/ a small] "o1 s by us+ wood-pa/e ! l>ge/ space c\ld be cov]$ or dom$ ov] )\t build+ a scaffold+4 ,!re are _m places 9 ! _w :]e 7z 9 ! prairies ( ,am]ica1 ,russia1 & ,hung>y7 l>ge timb] is want+1 b :]e small wood = sawdu/ is m available1 & yet :]e1 z cattle ab\nd1 glue w\ld be v *eap4 ,?is mat]ial des]ves m s]i\s att5tion ?an x has ev] receiv$4 ,m ?an tw5ty ye>s aft] ,i _h inv5t$1 or at lea/ project$ & put 9 practice1 ?is me?od ( mak+ artificial wood1 ,i f\nd ! foll[+ 9 ! ,manuel ,gnral du ,modelage1 p> ,f4 ,g\pil2 ,p>is1 ,le ,bailly3-- 8,to make vases1 take f9e dry sawdu/ & pass x ?r\gh a sieve4 ,x may be made into a pa/e ) a comp\nd ( turp5t9e1 res91 & wax4 ,or mix ! adhesive ) five p>ts ( be/ /rong :ite glue 7colle de ,fl&re7 to "o "p ( fi%-glue4 ,melt !m sep>ately1 444 p\r !m toge!r1 boil to a prop] consi/5cy1 & mix ) ! sawdu/4 ,by ?is process figures c be ca/ :i*1 :5 f9i%$ by h&1 exactly resemble c>v$ wood40 ,ano!r recipe is to take #gej grammes ( /rong glue to #a kilogramme ( gall nuts4 ,to be mix$ cold4 ,mix 9 hot wat] ) sawdu/4 ,s9ce writ+ ! =ego+ ,i h f\nd ! foll[+ recipe 9 a ,,ms4 ( #aghj1 a family heirloom k9dly l5t me by ,miss ,roma ,li/]3-- 99 99 99 99 99 8,to ca/ ,wood 9 ,m\lds z f9e z ,ivory1 ( a fragrant ,smell1 & indiff]5t ,col\rs4--,dry ,lime ,tree wood sawdu/ 9 a pan by a g5tle fire1 & beat x to a f9e p[d] 9 a /one mort>4 ,sift x ?r\gh ,cambric1 & keep x 9 a dry place free f du/4 ,!n add to an equal quantity ( ,gum ,tragacan? & ,gum ,arabic #d times ! quantity ( ,p>*m5t ,glue4 ,boil !m 9 ,pump ,wat]1 & filt] ?r\gh ,l954 ,/ir into x ! ,wood p[d] till x becomes ( ! sub/ance ( a ?ick pa/ry2 /ir x all toge!r1 & set x 9 a glaz$ pan 9 hot s&1 = ! moi/ure to evaporate till x be fit = ca/+4 ,mix y\r col\rs ) ! ,pa/e1 & to give x a ,sc5t put ,oil ( ,cloves or ,roses or ! l1 :i*1 if y please1 y may mix ) p[d]$ ,amb]4 ,ano9t ! m\ld ) ,oil ( ,almonds1 & put y\r pa/e into x4 ,let x dry = #d or #e days1 !n take (f y\r m\ld1 & ! ,images w be z h>d z ,ivory4 ,y may cut1 turn1 c>ve1 & plane ?is wood1 & x w h a f9e sc5t4 ,! m\ld may be ,pla/] ( ,p>is1 b x 7 bett] made ( metal40 ,i w\ld add to ?is1 t :]e heavy pressure or h&-roll+ c be appli$ ?is becomes really h>d4 ,also note t any light1 dry wood ( f9e texture c be dri$ & p[d]$ = ?is purpose4 ,! pa/e1 ev5 ) common f9e glue1 c be us$ = v f9e repair+4 ,by sift+ & pulv]is+1 ! du/ may be made z f9e z fl\r4 ,a little calc9$ & p[d]$ glass adds to its /r5g?4 ,to make panels = furniture1 walls1 or boxes1 take fir/ly a ?9 panel ( season$ wood1 fa/5 two /rips ( %eet-t9 across ! back to prev5t w>p+1 & make or apply ! ca/ to ?is4 ,v beautiful "w c ?us be produc$ v *eaply4 ,x may be "h obs]v$ t ?is pr9ciple ( mix+ a p[d]$ sub/ance ) glue or gum or an adhesive runs ?r\gh all ! arts ( m5d+4 ,! p[d] ( cocoa-nut %ells1 slate1 ( pap]1 pla/] ( ,p>is1 ( lea!r1 clay1 lime1 f9e s&1 & _m o!r sub/ances1 c all be comb9$ ) adhesives1 acids1 or *emical solv5ts 9 su* a mann] z to =m :at may be call$ g5]ically cem5ts1 or sub/ances1 or pa/es1 :i* become h>d4 ,any glue or gum1 or liquid :i* w make two surfaces adh]e1 c be mix$ ) mo/ organic or inorganic h>d sub/ances 9 p[d] s z to =m a pa/e :i*1 :5 dry1 =ms a solid1 h>d sub/ance1 because ! gra9s ( ! p[d] are !reby cem5t$ toge!r4 ,mo/ ( ^! yield to ! action ( wat]1 b !re are a few :i* resi/ bo? wat] & fire1 all ( :i* w be describ$ 9 ?is "w4 ,brok5 ebony c be fill$ 9 cracks ) a v neat & da9ty pa/e or cem5t made z foll[s3--,take dri$ rose-leaves1 or any o!rs z s(t1 /eep !m 9 j en\gh wat] to s(t5 !m1 add ( gum-tragacan? & gum-arabic j en\gh to make a pa/e1 & suffici5t ivory black to give x an ebony col\r4 ,mac]ate ! :ole 9 a mort>4 ,9 ! ,ea/ a few drops ( otto ( roses or ( g]anium are add$4 ,f ?is heads are made1 also m$allions1 or any o!r small objects4 ,! composition sets v h>d1 & mu* resembles ebony4 ,i h made _m small objects ( x myself1 & c te/ify to its excell5ce4 ,x is 9 ?is mann] t ! black ros>ies f ,con/ant9ople are made4 ,a v good cem5t = fill+ cracks 9 furniture or o!r woodwork is made z foll[s3--,"o "p ( f9ely p[d]$ res9 & two p>ts ( yell[ wax are melt$ toge!r1 & to ?is is add$ two p>ts ( f9ely pulv]is$ o*re1 or o!r suitable col\r+ e>?y sub/ance4 ,?is is an excell5t cem5t 9 all respects1 except t x yields to great heat4 ,= all su* repair+ sawdu/ & glue is mu* to be pref]r$4 ,9 repair+ furniture1 rememb] ! screws hold mu* m firmly if !y are j dipp$ 9 boil+ beeswax or turp5t9e4 ,if y are n accu/om$ to screw+ or nail+1 j make a hole ) a brad-awl1 else y w f9d ! screw or nail go+ out ( ! side ( ! box1 or 9 "s o!r undesir$ direction4 ,clamps1 or pieces ( wood connect$ by screws1 ties1 or ela/ic b&s1 are indisp5sable 9 mu* glue+ pieces toge!r4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 easily made4 ,a good clamp c be made by b5d+ ov] ! two ends ( a /rong piece ( wire4 ,hamm] ! ends into ! wood4 ,glue is m ela/ic :5 mix$ ) a little glyc]9e4 ,?is %\ld be borne 9 m9d :5 mix+ glue ) sawdu/ to =m artificial wood1 &1 9 fact1 9 _m manufactures & comb9ations :]e x is specially desir\s to h a c]ta9 degree ( t\ghness or flexibility 9 ! object made4 ,to utilise wa/e matt] is alli$ to m5d+1 :i* is only prev5t+ wa/e4 ,= ?is purpose common wood-%av+s may be us$ = a pretty art4 ,take good %av+s ( any wood1 & aft] moi/5+ !m ) glue or gum tragacan? & arabic1 press !m flat4 ,trim !m ) scissors into leaves1 or make !m into fl[]s1 & atta* !m toge!r4 ,!n p\r ov] !m liquid pla/] ( ,p>is1 9 :i* !re is gum-arabic & alum dissolv$4 ,take a bu%1 or plant )\t leaves1 & gum ! leaves to x or to its twigs4 ,cov] b>e places ) ! gypsum4 ,:5 dry v>ni% ! :ole4 ,a ,pr(essor ,,heigel91 9 ,/uttg>t1 once _h an exhibition ( su* "w4 ,frames c be decorat$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,pa9t1 gild+1 & enamel1 or bronze p[d]s1 c1 ( c\rse1 be appli$4 ,%av+s comb9$ ) weak glue submitt$ to pressure =m artificial wood or bo>ds1 :i* c be improv$ by fur!r comb9ation ) wa/e-pap]4 ,made ) a solution ( alum x is firepro(4 ,its /r5g? w be 9 proportion to ! pressure appli$4 ,x c (t5 be employ$ 9 repair+ :5 suitable wood is want+1 & has ! advantage t x c be turn$ to any %ape4 ,! read] c easily satisfy himself by exp]im5t t ^! artificial woods made f sawdu/ or %av+s1 comb9$ ) adhesives1 are v easy to manufacture1 v *eap1 &1 :5 prop]ly made1 extremely /rong4 ,:5 /rong pressure or roll+ c be appli$1 ! quantity ( adhesive may be dim9i%$4 ,l95 or musl9 rags1 cotton-wool1 or any textile fabric c be add$ to ! %av+s1 z well z wa/e-pap] ( all k9ds4 ,any?+ fibr\s or /r+y w aid 9 ! b9d+4 ,?is subject may be /udi$ 9 detail 9 a "w entitl$ ,die ,v]w]?ung d] ,holtzabflle--,! r5d]+ valuable ( ,refuse-,wood1 su* z ,%av+s1 ,refuse ,dye-,wood1 c41 %[+ h[ !y may be conv]t$ to ,artificial ,wood1 ,fuel1 ,*emicals1 ,explosives1 c4--by ,,ern/ ,,hubb>d2 ,vi5na1 price #c m>ks4 ,wood ( all k9ds is 9 ,am]ica saw$ into su* ?9 v5e]s t !y are us$ to s]ve z wall-pap]1 be+ atta*$ ) pa/e4 ,:5 damp !y b5d l pap]4 ,su* v5e] is v useful = repair+ wood5 surfaces4 ,common putty is n always to be tru/$ 9 = repair+ wood4 ,x sometimes %r9ks1 & is nev] v h>d4 ,! glue ) glyc]9e & sawdu/ or cocoa-nut du/ is pref]able4 8,scrat*es & *ance cuts may be rem$i$ by m]ely melt+ or wa%+ & rubb+ 9 ) cold wat]4 ,b = mo/ small defects a fill] is us$4 ,?is is a k9d ( pa9t or liquid cem5t1 ! object ( :i* is to fill up ! pores ( c]ta9 co>se woods & make ! surface f9e4 ,s(t wax1 fl\r1 & v>ni% are us$ = ?is purpose40 ,any deal] 9 pa9ts & v>ni%es w supply a fill] = any special "w4 ,/a9+ or col\r+ wood is an important "p ( repair+4 8,oil+ alone is a k9d ( col\r+1 = all oil$ wood becomes mu* d>k] 9 a %ort "t40#b ,soda dissolv$ 9 wat] gives to oak wood a mu* d>k] tone4 ,d>k tea & alum is also useful1 & /ill bett] v /rong c(fee4 ,also port] or be] mix$ ) umb]4 ,also a decoction ( walnut-leaves boil$ d[n4 ,9 us+ ^! or any o!r col\rs ! foll[+ rules mu/ be /rictly obs]v$3--7#a47 ,use a sponge or bru%1 & d n apply ! dye freely or p\r x on1 z y w run great risk ( w>p+ ! wood or mak+ x split4 7#b47 ,ex]cise ! greate/ c>e 9 dry+ x ne> a fire4 7#c47 ,d n expect to col\r all at once by a pr(use application4 ,h[ev] light ! col\r may seem1 always :5 x is dry rub (f ! col\r ) a rag or *amois-sk91 & !n make a second wa%4 ,?is process w make ! dye /rike 9 deep] & la/ long]4 ,,/ev5s' ,/a9s1 also ^? ( ,,m&]1 are v good & /rong4 ,!y g5]ally require dilution4 ,ammonia is mu* us$ to give wood a d>k ri* col\r4 ,wood ?us treat$1 if aft]w>ds expos$ to ! smoke ( a wood fire1 assumes a v anci5t appe>ance4 ,bi*romate ( pota% ) wat] is a good d>k dye1 b x mu/ be c>efully h&l$1 z x is v poison\s & injuri\s to clo?+4 ,x is us$ to give a wat]pro( quality to c]ta9 cem5ts4 ,good writ+-ink is a v good black dye4 ,:5 x is q dry1 oil1 rub1 & poli% x1 & ! ink w resi/ a great deal ( wett+4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t ) ink1 z ) dyes1 !re %\ld always be at lea/ two applications1 & t ! fir/ %\ld be v ?or\ghly dri$1 if possible1 9 a /rong light1 ?\gh n 9 sun%9e1 be=e ! second is laid on4 ,?ree coats ( blacke/ ink well dri$ 91 !n rubb$ 9 well1 & f9ally oil$1 =m an almo/ wat]pro( cov]4 ,:5 panels ( m>quetry or ( inlaid wood ( diff]5t col\rs are brok5 away or require to be replac$1 x c be done 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--,take a panel ( v firm f9e :ite wood--holly is ! be/2 next to x ,swiss or ,g]man l>*--draw on x y\r patt]n1 & !n ) a p5knife g ov] all ! patt]n1 cutt+ into ! panel ab\t a qu>t] ( an in*1 or r less--9 no case f> en\gh to cut ?r\gh4 ,!n c>efully fill all ^! l9es ) a firm cem5t1 & let x dry well4 ,!n ) a dye--n ) pa9t--color ea* piece appropriately4 ,! cem5t & l9es w prev5t ! dye f spread+ f piece to piece4 ,?is is kn[n z ,v5etian m>quetry4 ,:5 f9i%$1 apply ,soehne v>ni%1 & rub d[n v c>efully by h&4 ,x is a v beautiful & easy "w1 n to be di/+ui%$ :5 well done f real inlay+4 ,v *eap & pla9 old furniture c be easily made v elegant by hav+ panels1 c41 ( ?is "w appli$4 ,! read] may beg9 ) a small box or ?ree-legg$ /ool1 work+ directly on ! wood1 & w !n probably be enc\rag$ to proce$4 ,d>k br[n patt]ns on light yell[ wood look well4 ,?is "w is v easy & elegant1 v little made1 & may be !re=e pr(itable4 ,any k9d ( light or :ite wood1 su* z deal or p9e1 may be us$ = common decoration4 ,*eap viol9s & guit>s are sometimes made into h&some ornam5ts = rooms by ?is process4 ,= designs = ?is purpose consult ! ,manuals ( ,design1 ,wood-,c>v+1 & ,lea!r-,"w1 by ! ,au?or 7,:ittak] ,co41 ,no4 #b ,:ite ,h>t ,/reet1 ,london1 ,e4,c474 ,m>quetry may also be m5d$ by mak+ & col\r+ wood-pa/e1 9 :i* case prep>e ! gr\nd ) great c>e1 by r\gh5+1 to hold ! glue2 also by us+ col\r$ cem5ts1 su* z bread1 well work$ ) p[d] & glyc]9e-glue4 ,x does n seem to occur to _m p--ev5 to ^? liv+ 9 ! c\ntry--t !re is a great deal ( /rong1 pla91 useful furniture :i* c be easily made at home at no v great exp5se1 bo>ds ( good quality be+ *eap en\gh4 ,) a few lessons f an exp]t1 or ev5 ) ! /udy ( a good elem5t>y manual ( cab9etmak+1 any amateur c succe$4 ,:oev] c make a good box c make an antique *air1 & ?is c1 h[ev] pla91 be c>v$1 /a9$1 or m>quetri$ into beauty2 b let him bew>e ( saw$ curves4 ,:]e !re are worms 9 furniture or o!r wood1 !y %\ld always be v promptly ext]m9at$1 else !y w de/roy x 9 "t4 ,to remove !m1 dissolve #b dra*ms ( corrosive sublimate 9 #b oz4 ( me?ylat$ _s & #b oz4 ( wat]1 to be appli$ freely ) a fea!r or bru%4 ,?is is an unfail+ rem$y2 b ! mixture is poison\s1 & !re=e %\ld be kept labell$ out ( h>m's way 7,"w1 ,sept4 #ahib74 ,9 re/or+ or repair+ woodwork we mu/ h "s k n only ( pa9ts1 v>ni%es1 putties1 & fill+1 b also ( ag5ts :i* prev5t organic *ange or are applicable to peculi> accid5ts4 ,"o ( ! pr9cipal ( ^! is kn[n z knott+4 ,its prop]ties & g5]al nature are freely expla9$ 9 ! foll[+ article f ,! ,decorator1 ,sept4 #ahib3-- 99 99 99 99 99 8#8,knott+1' or1 z x is usually writt51 ,pat5t ,knott+1 is a quick-dry+1 semi-transp>5t fluid4 ,x is made f naph?a & %ellac2 h5ce its quick-dry+ nature4 ,! knots ( woodwork1 especially p9e1 conta9 mu* res91 :i* gradually exudes f ! surface4 ,?is res9 w spe$ily d>k51 & ultimately de/roy1 ! cov]+ film ( oil pa9t ) :i* woodwork is usually coat$4 ,! object ( coat+ knots 9 woodwork ) #8pat5t knott+ composition' is to seal up1 s to t]m x1 ! res94 ,9 ! e>li] hi/ory ( h\se-pa9t+ processes a mixture ( r$ lead & /rong glue-size1 appli$ w>m1 0 (t5 us$4 ,! *ief po9t 9 view is to /op ! #8cause1' b )\t objectionable #8effect2' !re=e ! ?9ne/ p]ceptible cov]+--s long z x is effectual--is ! be/4 ,! pat5t knott+ ( comm]ce is ! article n[ g5]ally pur*as$ & us$4 ,! knots are giv5 "o or two b>e coat+s--accord+ to ! nature ( ! knot1 & ! consci5ce ( ! workman4 ,! be/ knott+ is ! col\r ( d>k oak v>ni%2 ! wor/ is ! blacke/ & dirtie/-look+4 ,x always pays to h ! be/ knott+1 s9ce #8black knott+' requires an extra coat ( pa9t to cov] ! d>k pat*es :i* #8gr9 ?r\gh' any light t9ts4 ,= ! be/ "w x is usually advisable--especially :5 ! woodwork has to be f9i%$1 & p]haps h&-poli%$1 9 #8ivory-:ite' enamel--to h ! knots cut out ) a *isel or g\ge1 !n fill up ) lead #8fill+-up' 9 di/emp]4 ,i rec5tly _h to h ! door ( an elaborately decorat$ draw+-room s treat$1 s9ce1 despite be+ fre% knott$1 ! res9 began to discol\r ! "w1 :i* _h receiv$ "s six coats ( pa9t & enamel1 ere ! room 0 furni%$--a v annoy+ & co/ly matt]4 ,v occasionally knots are gild$ ov] ) be/ gold-leaf2 ?is is g5]ally conc$$ to be an effectual plan to adopt1 :5 g\g+ is n resort$ to1 = f9e/ "w4 ,knott+ woodwork is1 !re=e1 n an insignificant detail ( h\se-pa9t+1 especially :5 we are deal+ ) a door-side2 t alone1 :5 f9i%$ 9 h&-poli%$ enamel1 may co/ a t5-p\nd note to produce4 #8,t9-pa9t' w d = common prim+2 good l9se$ oil is ! *ief elem5t requir$4 ,all new woodwork requires ?ree coats ( good lead & oil pa9t be=e /&+ any "t--viz41 prim+ & two aft]-coats4 ,?is is kn[n z #8build]s' f9i%4' ,:5 p]man5tly decorat$ x usually requires #8gett+ up' to a prop] surface1 & two or ?ree m coats40 99 99 99 99 99 ,x is sometimes an advantage to 8g\ge0--i4e41 to cut--out a bad knot & fill ! cavity ) wood1 wood-pa/e1 or c>ton-pi]re4 ,a v beautiful /a9 c be giv5 to wood by rubb+ x ) nitric or sulphuric acid1 & expos+ x to ! heat ( a fire4 ,9 ?is way ,am]ican hickory c be made to look l rosewood4 ,p9e becomes r$1 :i* gr[s d>k] ) increas$ heat4 ,,m5d+ ,,furniture4--,!re is b "o rule = repair+ creaky *airs & tables ) loose legs4 ,!y mu/ be c>efully tak5 ap>t1 :i* c be done ) *isels1 a knife1 & hamm]1 & !n glu$ & screw$ or put toge!r aga9 z !y 7 orig9ally made4 ,! old-fa%ion$ r\nds or rungs ( *airs1 n[ s seldom se51 7 a great aid to /r5g? & durability4 ,i h already rem>k$ t :5 a draw] 9 a bureau table is tr\blesome by cont9ually /ick+ or cat*+1 take x out1 f9d :]e x rubs1 & plane away ! obtrusive portion4 ,if x is made ( badly season$1 gre51 w>p+ wood1 nail across x /rips ( t94 ,to :i* ,i add t doors ( closets1 cab9ets1 c41 :i* are %runk mu/ h /rips ( wood glu$ to _! edges4 ,9 "s cases /rips ( pap] w d z a tempor>y sub/itute4 ,x is no exagg]ation :atev] to decl>e t two or ?ree c5turies ago ! slight & tra%ily made article ( furniture 0 a great exception1 :ile at ! pres5t day x is ! well-made1 durable article :i* =ms ! r>ity--to ! great %ame1 be x said1 fir/ly1 ( all furniture-mak]s1 &1 secondly1 to fa%ionable 8ta/e10 :i* pref]s slightness to /r5g?4 ,?is tra%y & flimsy lightness is va/ly to ! pr(it ( ! cab9etmak]1 s9ce he c ?us utilise ! *eape/ & smalle/ pieces ( wor?less wood by turn+ !m into supports = light tagres or %elves1 cross-backs & legs ( spid]-l little *airs1 & all p>ts ( small curv$ s(as1 :i* are to be duly putti$1 ,fr5* poli%$1 or completely hidd5 9 velvete5 or rep4 ,x is n unusual to see :at is consid]$ a h&somely furni%$ room 9 :i* !re is n "o absolutely well-made or /rong article :i* w\ld be> c>eful exam9ation or turn+ up4 ,x is a pitiful sight inde$ to see a load ( su* furniture on its way f ! cab9etmak]s1 or ! mill :]e x is saw$ out by /eam1 to ! place :]e x is to be v5e]$ or pa9t$1 glaz$1 & clo!d into elegance4 ,! pieces ( refuse p9e wood & ,am]ican gre5i%-yell[ popl> /uck toge!r ) glue1 & z few %ort nails z possible1 look s %ammy & %abby6 ,i h wond]$1 9 behold+ !m1 at ! m>vell\s boldness ( _! mak]s1 :o c\ld delib]ately calculate ! "t t su* /uff w\ld endure be=e its dbacle4 ,& z x is all de/9$ to be brok5 & m5d$ sometime or o!r1 x is ! m necess>y t ! art ( repair+ %\ld be /udi$4 ,un=tunately1 badly season$ deal _c be repair$ into well-season$ oak4 ,yet he :o w take ! pa9s to asc]ta9 ! price ( ! latt] w be amaz$ to le>n t s few p h x made into good1 solid1 /rong furniture4 8,x is n !re t ! exp5se comes 940 ,if ! read]1 hav+ "s s5se or ta/e 9 art1 w\ld make 8 own furniture1 employ+ an assi/ant at six %ill+s a day to d ! r\gh saw+ & plan+1 he w\ld f9d t he c\ld h /rong1 sub/antial furniture2 & if he w\ld add to ?is s mu* k ( panel-c>v+ z he c\ld acquire 9 a few lessons1 he might make x beautiful4 ,a ,,cem5t ,,= ,,wood is made z foll[s3-- ,case9e #aj ,borax #e ,?is is c>efully work$ into a ?icki% milk-l mass4 ,x may be us$ z a glue = wood or z a pa/e = pap]4 ,x admits ( _m modifications4 ,to make a v good wat]pro( cem5t = wood1 z well z o!r purposes1 take ?is cem5t :5 x %all h h>d5$1 or aft] x has be5 appli$1 & wa% x ov] frequ5tly ) a v /rong extract ( gall-apples4 ,?is =ms1 accord+ to ,,lehn]1 an insoluble union ) case9e4 ,a ,,cem5t ,,mu* ,,employ$ ,,9 ,,*9a to comb9e & make woodwork1 basket-"w1 pa/ebo>d1 c41 wat]pro( is made z foll[s3-- ,slack$ lime #ajj ,/irr$ ox-blood #ge ,alum #b ,?is is comm5d$ z be+ v /rong & durable4 ,x is probable t a slight increase ( ! alum 9 solution1 or an addition ( /rong infusion ( gall-apples1 w\ld improve x4 ,a ,,wat]-,,pro( ,,cem5t ,,= ,,wood5 ,,casks is made z foll[s3-- ,/rong solution ( glue #aj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #e ,oxide ( lead #a ,boil toge!r = t5 m9utes4 ,?is cem5t mu/ n be br\ght into connection ) lye 7,,lehn]74 ,a good1 /rong1 *eap cem5t = jo9+ wood ) metal or /one is made ) ,c>p5t]s' glue #ej ,sift$ wood-a%es #ajj ,:ile ! glue is s(t /ir into x ! wood-a%es 9 great] or less] quantity1 accord+ to _! quality & f95ess1 till a syrupy mass is =m$4 ,clay c also be comb9$ ) ?is mixture to make ca/s4 ,common peat ( f9e quality 7= !re are diff]5t k9ds or degrees ( x71 c>efully clean$ f /icks & fibres1 comb9$ ) common glue infus$ freely ) nitric acid1 submitt$ to /rong pressure1 is said to =m a valuable sub/itute = wood1 :i* may be us$ n only = repair+1 fill+ *9ks 9 trees1 mak+ up decay$ timb]1 c41 b also to =m blocks & planks4 ,i h else:]e m5tion$ t %av+s are utilis$ 9 ,g]many4 ,comb9$ ) glue1 infus$ ) glyc]9e1 & submitt$ to pressure1 !y =m bo>ds :i* are ev5 less brittle ?an _m :i* are 9 ord9>y use4 ,! peculi> advantage ( ?is artificial timb] is ! limitless l5g? ( ! bo>ds :i* c be ?us made1 :i* is (t5 a great desid]atum 9 floor+1 or inde$ 9 any build+ :]e piec+ %\ld be avoid$4 ,a canoe c ?us be made on ano!r z m\ld1 9 :i* case ! %av+-cem5t is to be h>d5$ by roll]s4 ,!re is a book on ?is subject1 else:]e m5tion$4 ,x may be obs]v$ t1 z long & broad timb] becomes e ye> m r>e & valuable1 artificial timb] f small] plants mu/ c]ta9ly take its place4 ,,:itewa% ,,= ,,wood is r5d]$ m durable & glossy by ! addition ( liquid glue1 well /irr$ 94 ,x is /ill fur!r improv$ by ! addition ( milk4 ,?is la/s s mu* long] ?an common wa% t x is 9 ! end p]haps t5 times z *eap4 ,:5 well made x has be5 kn[n1 :5 appli$ to ! ext]ior ( c]ta9 ,gov]nm5t build+s 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,u4,s4,a41 to la/ = sev5 ye>s4 ,if col\r+ matt]1 su* z umb]1 be add$1 let ! latt] be mix$ sep>ately ) ! glue1 & v ?or\ghly1 be=e x is jo9$ to ! lime4 ,! addition ( a few eggs to ! mixture w improve x4 ,! lime prep>$ ) ! foll[+ =ms a /ill bett] & /rong] wa%1 :i* is well wor? ! extra exp5se3-- ,glue #fj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #bj ,! v>ni%1 :ile hot1 is mix$ ) ! boil+ glue1 & x is to be us$ at once4 ,?is is 7,,lehn]7 useful to coat & caulk casks1 especially ^? 9 :i* su* fluids z highly rectifi$ spirits ( w9e are c>ri$4 ,be x obs]v$ t ! hott] ! mixture is :5 appli$ ! m deeply does x p5etrate1 yet ! less is 9 ! end requir$4 ,a ,,good ,,cem5t ,,= ,,c>p5t]s3-- ,slack$ lime #ej ,fl\r #ajj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #ae ,,woodwork :i* is to be "u wat] or mu* expos$ to ra9 may be cem5t$ ) ! foll[+3-- ,calc9$ lime #aj ,fl9t s& #ae ,iron 7p[d] fil+s7 #e ,o*re #bj ,brick-du/ #bj ,! p[d] mu/ be well mix$ by %ak+1 &1 j be=e use1 to be mix$ ) wat]4 ,! foll[+ may be us$ = ,,jo9ts ,,9 ,,timb]s1 holes & cracks1 or = cov]+ ! surfaces1 z x is an excell5t protective aga9/ wet4 ,x may also be us$ = /one1 c43-- ,purifi$ brick-du/ #aj ,calc9$ lime #aj ,purifi$ r$ iron ore #aj ,"w ?is to a pa/e ) dissolv$ soda4 ,modifications ( ?is comb9ation ( soda ) iron & brick-du/ w readily occur to all :o h c>efully /udi$ ?is "w4 ,a ,,cem5t ,,= ,,wood3-- ,slack$ lime p[d] #a ,rye-meal #b ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #a ,to :i* burnt umb] or simil> p[d] may be add$ at discretion4 ,?is cem5t dries sl[ly1 b becomes v h>d4 ,x is good = fill+ cracks1 holes1 c4 ,,fr5* ,,glue ,,= ,,wood3-- ,gum-arabic #a ,wat] #b ,potato />* #c-e ,,sawdu/1 z ,i h expla9$1 f my own conjecture & exp]im5t1 c be comb9$ ) cem5ts s z to =m an artificial wood1 :i* c be easily m\ld$ or c>v$1 & ) :i* all k9ds ( worm-eat5 & decay$ wood c be re/or$4 ,i f9d t = ?is purpose ,,lehn] gives ! foll[+3-- 8,take ! f9e/ sawdu/ & comb9e x ) l9se$-oil v>ni%1 knead+ ! mass v c>efully40 ,?is1 :5 prop]ly comb9$ & work$1 w\ld =m a v good artificial wood4 ,x may be "h obs]v$1 t because ! exp]im5t] f9ds at a fir/ trial t ! wood is too brittle or too h>d1 he is n to conclude t ! recipe is good = no?+4 ,?us1 to prep>e x )1 glue we %\ld take-- ,wat] #bj ,glue #a ,fir/ boil ! glue v c>efully1 & /ir into x ! f9e/ wood-du/ or cocoa-nut %ell p[d]4 ,! quality w be improv$ if ! latt] has already be5 /eep$ = "s "t 9 a /rong solution ( oak-b>k or gall-apples 9 _s1 or1 in/ead ( ! latt]1 wat]4 ,?is disposes ! du/ to amalgamate ) ! glue4 ,/ir ! :ole ?or\ghly4 ,a common] or co>s] prep>ation = simply repair+ is made by comb9+ pla/] ( ,p>is1 glue 9 wat]y solution1 & sawdu/4 ,common bone-du/1 pla/] ( ,p>is1 & glue make a good cem5t = light wood-du/4 ,) a little glyc]9e x c be us$ = m\ld+4 ,add a little pipeclay1 & if ! bone-du/ be v f9e ! surface w take a v high poli%4 ,f9i% ) oil & h& rubb+4 ,?is composition comb9es well ) p]fectly s(t5$ & mac]at$ pap]--n m]ely soak$--to =m panels1 :i*1 h[ev]1 to make !m h>d1 %\ld be press$ or roll$4 ,,cem5ts ,,= ,,deals ,,or ,,bo>ds ,,( ,,s(t ,,wood3-- ,i4 ,case9e #ejj grams4 ,wat] #d qts4 ,_s sal-ammoniac #j4e qt4 ,calc9$ lime #bej grams4 ,,ii4 ,glue #b ,wat] #ad ,cem5t lime #g ,sawdu/ #c-d ,,= ,,splits ,,9 ,,trees1 or fractures 9 ! b>k3-- ,pit* or res9 #ej ,tall[ #aj ,oil ( turp5t9e #e ,spirits ( w9e #e ,! res9 is fir/ melt$1 ! turp5t9e !n /irr$ 91 !n ! tall[1 & f9ally ! spirits4 ,i h spok5 ( artificial wood z *iefly made ( sawdu/ comb9$ ) a b9d] su* z glue4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 /rictly speak+1 o!r k9ds4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is made f cellulose1 :i* is dis9tegrat$ wood :i* /ill reta9s its fibre4 ,x 0 discov]$1 ,i believe1 by accid5t1 9 ,new ,york ab\t ?irty ye>s ago4 ,a /ick1 :i* fitt$ tightly1 _h be5 left 9 a cannon1 :5 ! latt] 0 fir$ (f4 ,! result 0 t ! /ick 0 conv]t$ into a pulpy1 fibr\s mass1 :i* 0 f\nd to be admirable z a mat]ial = mak+ pap]4 ,?is1 comb9$ ) glue1 makes good bo>ds4 ,b>k ( diff]5t k9ds is also comb9$ 9 p[d] ) glue to make wood4 ,9 all ( ^! mixtures1 :]e x is desirable to avoid brittl5ess or h>dness1 !re mu/ be an admixture ( oil or glyc]9e4 ,!re is g5]ally ab\t #bj_/ajj ( ! latt] to #hj_/ajj ( sawdu/1 b ! proportion v>ies accord+ to ! degree ( ela/icity or h>dness requir$4 ,to make bo>ds ! mixture is pass$ "u heavy roll]s1 & :5 dry x is fur!r treat$ ) alum 9 solution1 or tann]'s infusion ( oak-b>k1 to make x wat]pro(4 ,?is is n necess>y = ord9>y "w or repair4 ,,to ,,imitate ,,c$>4--,take any :ite wood & boil x = sev]al h\rs 9 ! foll[+ mixture3-- ,cate*u #bjj ,cau/ic soda #ajj ,wat] #aj1jjj ,?is p5etrates v deeply into any wood4 ,x is a v good protective4 ,,to ,,prep>e ,,wood ,,= ,,pa9t4--,:5 y h a bo>d or box1 c41 h[ev] r\gh1 & ( any k9d ( inf]ior wood1 fir/ smoo? ! surface1 if possible by plan+1 or else ) a rasp & glass-pap]4 ,fill all ! holes & *9ks ) putty1 or bread & gum1 or gum & pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,!n1 ) a mixture ( glue 7n too /iff7 & f9e :ite pla/] ( ,p>is1 rub ov] all ! surface to p]fect smoo?ness1 & :5 q dry remove any irregul>ities ) f9e/ glass-pap]4 ,!n pa9t z desir$4 ,?is is an approv$ me?od ( repair+ old panel pictures1 :i* 7 all made ) su* a gr\nd ( pla/] & glue4 ,,to ,,repair ,,m>quetry ,,or ,,inlaid ,,woodwork4--,?is1 z ,i h already said1 & w n[ describe m 9 detail1 is made ( diff]5t pieces ( col\r$ wood1 glu$ on a panel4 ,take a piece ( f9e h>d wood1 su* z holly1 & saw x out to exactly fit ! place :]e pieces are miss+4 ,draw ! patt]n on x1 & !n outl9e x v neatly ) a f9e p5-knife-po9t1 s z to cut a little way into ! wood1 b n ?r\gh x4 ,fill up ?is l9e ?us cut ) a composition ( v>ni% & any black p[d]4 ,!n ) dyes1 n oil pa9t or wat]-col\r1 b su* z are made ) _s1 col\r ! patt]n1 a sep>ate col\r to e piece4 ,! dye w s9k 9 & gr[ pale2 !n apply x aga91 & till x is ( ! hue desir$4 ,poli% ! :ole4 ,?is is :at is call$ ,v5etian m>quetry4 ,x is1 v easy to make1 & produces beautiful results1 q equal to ! saw$-out & inlaid "w4 ,x is1 moreov]1 mu* m durable & f> less exp5sive4 ,,m&]',s dyes are us$ = su* /a9+4 ,ev5 a s+le inlaid figure ( wood1 set into a panel1 z 9 ! back ( a *air1 gives a "*1 & app>5tly great] value1 to ! :ole4 ,su* inlay+ is easily made ) a fret-saw4 ,if we take two ?9 plates ( wood1 "o d>k & "o light1 & saw ! same patt]n out ( bo?1 we c !n set "o into ! o!r1 & s make two inlays by "o process4 ,p>quetry is l>ge inlay+ = floors4 ,= ?is x is well to /udy su* =ms z c be set toge!r1 z1 = in/ance1 squ>es1 diamonds1 crosses1 ,t's & ! l4 ,viol9s1 guit>s1 & lutes c be beautifully adorn$ by ! ,v5etian process4 ,z ! col\rs d n we> away1 & _c scale (f l common inlay+1 x w be se5 t x is by f> ! be/ way to decorate !m4 ,furniture ( all k9ds c be ornam5t$ 9 ! same way4 ,x is peculi>ly appropriate to picture-frames4 ,x be+ v little kn[n1 objects ?us prep>$ meet ) a ready sale4 ,:5 a corn] ( a pane 9 a w9d[1 z (t5 happ5s--z also to ! glass ( a picture-frame or mirror--is brok5 away1 we c easily make or h made a small ornam5t :i* w fit into ! corn] & conceal ! defect1 ,?is c be made ( wood1 papi]-m* 7:i* is be/71 or h>d putty or cem5t4 ,x may be gild$ or pa9t$4 ,w9d[s may be prettily ornam5t$ 9 ?is mann]1 ev5 if n brok54 ,illu/ration3 ,mirror ) ,ornam5ts ( ,papi]-m* or ,wood-,pa/e4 ,,on ,,repair+ ,,& ,,re/or+ ,,books1 ,,manuscripts1 ,,& ,,pap]s ,,) ,,directions ,,= ,,easy ,,b9d+ ,,& ,,pap]-,,m5d+--,,book-,,worms ,x happ5s (t5 en\gh t "s valuable old manuscript or e>ly pr9t$ "w1 if n de/roy$ z useless1 is sold = a trifle because x is torn & worm-eat5 or o!rwise injur$4 ,! loss to lit]ature f ?is cause has be5 t]rible1 & x is all ! m s because 9 mo/ cases x 0 ! result ( %e] ignorance4 ,pap] is a composition ( l951 cotton1 or o!r vegetable fibre r$uc$ to p[d] & !n comb9$ ) size1 :i* is a k9d ( glue1 pa/e1 or b9d+ m$ium4 ,!re=e pap] c be m5d$ by us+1 9 ! s(t1 mac]at$1 or pa/y =m1 pap] itself--:i* v simple fact appe>s to h be5 hi!rto a secret f ! great] portion ( mank9d4 ,t is to say1 hav+ a piece ( pap] ) a small r\nd hole 9 x--look+ z if "s "o _h fir$ a %ot ?r\gh x--take ano!r piece ( pap] ( ! same quality & r$uce "s ( x to a v f9e p[d] or ma% x f9e ) a knife1 comb9e x ) good fl\r-pa/e infus$ ) a little cle> :ite glue1 & make a s(t pa/e ) ! p[d]2 !n1 lay+ a porcela9 tile or piece ( t9 "u ! %eet1 ) a hole 9 x1 to prev5t /ick+1 spread ! pa/e1 :i* is really s(t pap]1 ) a knife ov] ! hole4 ,:5 dry x w be m5d$ p]man5tly4 ,obs]ve t ! pulp mu/ be a f9e pa/e1 n m]ely pap] mix$ ) pa/e--i4e41 lumpy & /r+y1 b s(t4 ,secondly1 t a bett] 8b9d]0 or size ?an fl\r-pa/e is "o made f scraps ( p>*m5t boil$1 till all ! gelat9e is extract$4 ,take ! latt] & let x boil till ?ick4 ,x makes a f9ely glaz$ surface4 ,d n beg9 to d ?is ) a book1 b ) a %eet out ( :i* holes h be5 pun*$4 ,x is delicate "w1 & y mu/ n expect to succe$ 9 x at once4 ,b 9 "t1 ) c>e1 y w remake ! pap] ) great skill4 ,!re are workm5 :o c ev5 reunite torn edges 9 ?is mann] s t ! m5d+ is almo/ imp]ceptible4 ,?is is remak+ pap] ) pap]4 ,9 "s cases x w suffice to simply neatly pa/e a piece ( pap] ov] a torn-away space4 ,?is may be done--z 9 mo/ cases--v clumsily1 or x may be p]=m$ arti/ically & da9tily4 ,9 ! latt] case1 us+ a v %>p & specially ?9 blad$ p5knife1 %ave d[n or scrape away ! ov]lapp+ edge1 & apply ! pa/e sp>+ly ) ! po9t ( a camel's-hair small bru%4 ,be=e x is q dry lay ! leaf on a smoo?1 h>d surface1 & ) ! p5knife or a burni%] flatt5 d[n ! ?9n$ edge to an uni=m surface4 ,?is also requires a little practice1 b :5 le>n$ ! arti/ may effect miracles ( re/oration4 ,"o may1 & t n infrequ5tly1 buy = %ill+s books :i* :5 m5d$ sell = _m p\nds4 ,x (t5 happ5s t we f9d "s curi\s little old book :i* has be5 sadly cut or worn1 almo/ d[n to ! type4 ,take x1 & ) a flat rule c>efully cut out e page1 leav+ j a little rim ( m>g94 ,!n hav+ obta9$ old pap] correspond+ to y\r text1 or good mod]n h&-made ,dut*1 us+ /rong glue-pa/e or fl\r & gum-arabic1 or pap]-pa/e1 make bord]s1 on :i* pa/e ! old pages4 ,if y h old pap]--!re are deal]s :o c supply x--y may d ?is s well t ! juncture w be h>dly p]ceptible4 ,9 any case y w greatly enhance ! value ( ! book4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 all su* "w1 nev] attempt to re/ore any?+ ( value till y %all h succe$$ by exp]im5t+4 ,?is is v seldom done1 & yet books ?us re/or$ sell = a price :i* mu/ make ! "w v pr(itable4 ,"o reason1 h[ev]1 :y we see s little ( x is ! extravagant price *>g$ = all su* "w by ! ag5t :o supplies x4 ,! prices paid = books ?us re/or$ & m\nt$ are extremely high1 simply because !re are s few p :o "k h[ to d x well2 & yet1 z any ( my read]s may f9d1 ! art is an easy "o1 requir+ only neatness & c>e4 ,!re are v few libr>ies :]e su* re/or]s might n be employ$1 to ! v great pr(it ( ! collection4 ,all pur*as]s = libr>ies are cont9ually reject+ books because !y are tatt]$ & worn or 8holey10 :i* c\ld be s5t to ! hospital & doctor$ into value4 ,& x is1 inde$1 to be regrett$ = ! sake ( ! public t our great libr>ies h n all %ops atta*$ :]e duplicates & damag$ r>ities re/or$ c\ld be sold at fair1 n fancy1 prices4 ,= x is fir/ly ! great libr>ian :o sees & rejects ! mo/ books1 & :o c\ld d an imm5se am\nt ( good1 & greatly /imulate an int]e/ 9 collection & lit]ature--& make money--if he w\ld also facilitate acquisition4 ,! art ( re/or+ & ( m5d+ is z yet s mu* 9 its infancy1 & is s little und]/ood & practis$1 t !re is n "o book 9 a ?\s&1 ev5 ( r>iora & curiosa1 pres]v$ z x might be4 ,x may be wor? :ile to lay "s /ress on ! fact t _m p]sons1 especially wom51 if !y w take a little pa9s to exp]im5t1 c easily make a liv+ by ?us re/or+ books & injur$ docum5ts4 ,!re are1 inde$1 _m o!r means ( e>n+ money indicat$ 9 ?is "w4 ,a ,,*eap ,,& ,,durable ,,v>ni% specially made = bookb9d]s is prep>$ z foll[s3--,take co>sely p[d]$ gum-copal1 add to x oil ( ?yme 7oleum ?ymi s]pilli7 or pure oil ( rosem>y 7oleum rosm>9i71 suffici5t to =m a solution4 ,p\r (f ! sup]flu\s liquid1 & mix ! rema9d] ) suffici5t alcohol to dissolve x well4 ,9 mak+ take only s mu* ( ! oil ( ?yme or rosem>y z w cov] ! copal1 & ( alcohol ab\t eight or t5 p>ts to ! :ole4 ,special v>ni%es1 & p]haps bett]1 are kn[n to _m bookb9d]s1 :o w sell !m1 or in=m y :]e to obta9 !m4 ,i "k ( none s good z t ( ,,soehn,e1 :i* is1 h[ev]1 v exp5sive1 co/+ ab\t n9ep5ce p] ounce4 ,x is r brittle1 h[ev]1 = pictures4 ,:5 a book is dog's-e>$1 or its leaves h be5 turn$1 if ! pap] be ( a ?91 poor quality1 its *ances ( re/oration are bett] ?an if x 7 good & /iff4 ,9 ! =m] case damp ! leaves "o by "o ) wat] 9 :i* a little gum tragacan? has be5 infus$4 ,?is is n s mu* an adhesive z a m]e /iff5]1 & is us$ z su* = laces4 ,!n flatt5 !m1 putt+ a piece ( smoo? :ite pap] betwe5 e leaf4 ,!re is1 ,i fe>1 no?+ to be done :]e ! read] is s utt]ly devoid ( all ! in/9cts ( a g5tleman or a lady z to turn ov] a /iff1 ?ick1 highly glaz$ pap] to m>k ! place6 ,i h j f\nd ?is done 9 a magnific5tly illu/rat$ "w f a circulat+ libr>y1 &1 to aggravate ! (f5ce1 x 0 on pictur$ pages6 ,i w\ld "h rem>k t if e read] w\ld keep by him a piece ( indi>ubb] or eras]1 & oblit]ate1 or at lea/ r5d] illegible1 all ! scribbl+s made on m>g9s1 ?is dete/ably vulg> practice w\ld soon be at an end4 ,x may be obs]v$ t to repair pages :i* h be5 torn across1 or engrav+s1 ! r5t is usually transv]se--t is1 su* z to leave a small flap edge4 ,if we take v /rong gum 9 v m9ute quantity on ! po9t ( a camel's-hair bru%1 we may (t5 succe$ ) great c>e 9 p]fectly reunit+ ! edges4 ,obs]ve t 9 ?is1 z 9 ev]y?+1 ! m5d] %\ld n draw 8 conclusions f ! fir/ ef=t1 :i* w probably be a failure1 b f frequ5t c>eful obs]vation & exp]im5t4 ,!re are m>vell\sly few p 9 ! _w :o take ! pa9s to become really good m5d]s ( any?+--except+ lace & ! l--h5ce !re are few ?+s m5d$ at all except by bot*]s & amateurs4 ,,ink-,,/a9s c be remov$ f pap] by lay+ und]nea? ! blot a pad ( clean blott+-pap] or f9e musl94 ,take a f9e sponge1 dip x 9 lemon-juice1 & press x g5tly on ! /a91 s z to moi/5 x4 ,!n ) a clean1 :ite1 s(t rag1 fold$ into a pad1 press on ! spot1 & ! pad1 lift$ (f1 w remove a little ( ! ink4 ,repeat ?is process a few times1 tak+ c>e to *ange ! pad 9 y\r h& e "t to a clean spot4 ,d n try to rub ! /a9 out 7z mo/ p d71 b to draw ! ink away or out by suck+ up or by absorption4 ,if y simply rub or press ! ink 9 aga9 :i* has j be5 drawn out1 y w only make bad worse4 ,& "h ,i w\ld obs]ve t by ?is process ( press+1 absorb+1 & *ang+ ! 8suck]0 appli$1 y c draw appall+ /a9s out ( almo/ any?+4 ,y _c1 ( c\rse1 prev5t *emical action or *ange ( col\r1 b 9 mo/ cases ?is is ! be/ process4 ,x is bett] to beg9 ) lemon-juice & a little salt & wat] :]e ! pap] is ?94 ,:5 x is /rong1 a mixture ( muriatic acid & wat] g5]ally extracts ink4 ,9 a great _m cases ! /a9+ fluid c be drawn out by absorption be=e any *emical *ange 9 ! col\r ( ! /uff c h be5 effect$4 ,!re=e x is all-important to "k h[ to d ?is y\rself at once1 & n wait till x c be s5t to a dy] or sc\r] or clean]4 ,9 a few h\rs' "t t :i* c\ld h be5 promptly extract$ w be pa/ all cure4 ,:5 y spill ink on pap]1 promptly apply1 fir/ ( all1 blott+-pap]1 & !n try absorption4 ,if any /a9 rema9s !n1 apply ! acid4 ,,to ,,take ,,out ,a ,,grease-,,spot4--,heat an iron 7,i g5]ally effect x ) a burn+ cig>71 & hold x z ne> z possible to ! /a9 )\t burn+ ! pap]4 ,if ?is be well done ! grease1 wax1 c41 w rapidly disappe>4 ,if !re are any traces left1 place on x p[d]$ calc9$ magnesia = a "t4 ,?is is also a good means to extract grease1 wax1 or oil f clo?4 ,v (t51 :]e lemon-juice or acid w\ld ru9 ! col\r ( a clo? or o!r fabric1 *lor(orm w take out ! spot & leave ! col\r un*ang$4 ,bone1 well calc9$ & p[d]$1 is an excell5t absorb5t ( grease4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t all su* processes mu/ be r5ew$1 = aft] ! p[d] or clo? appli$ has receiv$ a c]ta9 quantity ( ! grease or /a91 x ceases to be tak5 94 ,a g5tle pressure or rubb+1 aft] lay+ pap] ov] ! p[d]1 facilitates ! absorption4 ,! celebrat$ ,,a?anasius ,,kir*]1 :o wrote 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 has left an amus+ acc\nt ( h[ he "o night1 /opp+ at a conv5t 9 ,sicily1 took a book f ! libr>y 7x 0 ,,/ephanus ,,fagundez' ,9 ,prcep'a ,ecclesi7--8a new book & elegantly b\nd0--& spilt ov] x & 9 x all ! midnight oil f 8 lamp6 ,9 great al>m he s5t = quicklime1 b !re 0 none to be _h4 ,s he bade ! monks br+ him "s bones1 :i* he quickly calc9$ & pulv]is$ & appli$4 ,& ! next morn+ !re 0 n a trace ( a spot1 only a little smell ( oil1 :i* soon vani%$4 ,he adds1 t pla/] ( ,p>is w\ld h done z well4 ,asc]ta9 c>efully ! nature ( ! spot be=e try+ to extract x4 ,= res9\s sub/ances use spirits1 or eau de cologne1 or turp5t9e4 ,b5z9e extracts sev]al sub/ances4 ,an old recipe = remov+ ink-/a9s 0 to take a spoonful ( good aqua=tis1 9 :i* break a piece ( *alk ! size ( a l>ge b>ley corn2 add two spoonfuls ( rose-wat] & "o ( v9eg>4 ,?is %\ld be mix$ 9 a clean glass & left to /& = sev]al h\rs4 ,x is to be appli$ ) a piece ( new sponge1 by pressure1 & n too freely nor too long4 ,:5 ! pap] is ne>ly dry r5ew ! process1 & :5 ! ink %all h disappe>$1 promptly wa% out ! acid ) pure wat] & a clean l95 rag4 7,b x is too /rong = _m fabrics47 ,:5 ! ink does n p5etrate ! pap] x c be remov$ by erasure ) a %>p p5knife1 or a prep>ation ( vulcanis$ indi>ubb] & p[d]$ pumice-/one sold by mo/ /ation]s4 ,:5 ?is latt] does n 8bite10 its action c be aid$ by v slightly moi/5+ x4 ,aft] erasure rub ! spot scrap$ ) v f9ely p[d]$ pumice-/one1 & poli% ) a burni%] or any smoo? sub/ance4 ,ev5 :5 an ink/& has be5 spill$ ov] a pr9t$ or long-writt5 page1 we c by prompt action extract ! new ink & leave ! old pla9 z ev]2 b ! read] :o expects to "w ?is miracle ( *ang+ night into day mu/ n wait till ! accid5t happ5s to fir/ attempt to rem$y x1 or he w probably fail4 ,let him fir/ ( all1 n once b (t51 p\r ink on "s wa/e & wor?less page1 & !n exp]im5t fir/ ) ! blott+-pap]1 !n ) ! dilute acids & ! padd+4 ,! "t w n by any means be wa/$4 ,a fre% ink-spot c be easily remov$ f pap] by rubb+ x ) a f9ely pulv]is$ mixture ( saltpetre1 sulphur1 alum1 & pumice4 ,if ! spot is an old "o1 moi/5 x fir/ a little ) wat]4 ,ink-spots1 c41 9 old ,,mss4 7 sometimes +5i\sly cov]$ by ornam5ts 9 gold or col\r4 ,:5 an entire page or _m pages ( a book are miss+1 x (t5 happ5s t1 at mu* less exp5se ?an w\ld be suppos$1 an +5i\s pr9t] c re/ore ! :ole4 ,!re are _m books = :i* x w\ld be wor? :ile to h ! type ca/1 = ev5 ) a page ?us re/or$ ! book may be wor? t5 times z mu* z if x 7 want+4 ,miss+ pages are (t5 suppli$ by photographic fac-similes f ano!r copy4 ,x 0 only ye/]day1 z ,i write1 "h 9 ,flor5ce1 t ,i he>d a t\ri/ decl>e t !re 0 no?+ wor? buy+ to be f\nd1 & t ev]y?+ curi\s 0 snapp$ up at once4 ,to :i* ,i c\ld n ass5t1 nev] hav+ se5 s _m objects z ( late :i* ,i reg>d$ z great b>ga9s4 ,b !y 7 all dilapidat$1 & ! t\ri/ g5]ally likes to see ev]y?+ 9 spl5did condition4 ,to him :o c re/ore old books & ivories & lea!r-"w & panel pictures1 !re w be no lack ( b>ga9s = a long "t any:]e4 ,! m5 :o sell are n all su* m>vell\s exp]ts 9 m5d+ up1 repair+1 & =g+ z lit]>y deal]s 9 ! wond]ful w\ld h u believe4 ,if !y 7 s clev] !y w\ld n let valuable panel pictures split 9 two be=e _! eyes f ignorance ( kn[+ h[ to /raight5 & tack !m at a p5ny's co/4 ,!re is abundance ( clev] =g+1 ( ly+ ivories & silv]-"w & %am antique lea!r1 b ( re/oration ( small] or ( s+le objects !re is v little2 & !re is1 z ,i h said1 9 ?is a va/ field = e collector :o kn[s en\gh to make practical application ( :at is taught 9 ?is book4 ,x is s f> f true t ev]y?+ is n[ snapp$ up1 t ,i confid5tly ass]t t !re is h>dly a bric--brac %op 9 ,europe 9 :i* a skill$ repair] _c f9d a b>ga91 & 9 mo/ cases sev]al4 ,x w (t5 be ( s]vice to ! m5d] ( books to be able to prep>e p>*m5t-pap] = himself4 ,if we take a mixture ( "o "p nitric acid to ?ree ( wat]--! proportions v>y+ v mu* ) ! quality ( ! acid & ( ! pap]--& dip into x a piece ( s(t unglaz$ pap]1 ! latt] w at once h>d5 into a sub/ance l p>*m5t4 ,x %\ld be at once wa%$ 9 *anges ( pure wat]4 ,i may "h obs]ve t nei!r 9 mak+ ?is nor any?+ else %\ld ! op]ator be satisfi$ ) a s+le exp]im5t4 ,reg>d+ pap]1 !re are c]ta9 curi\s facts wor? kn[+ by e read]4 ,be=e ! inv5tion or g5]al use ( w9d[-glass1 a v transp>5t k9d ( pap] 01 accord+ to ,,kir*] 7,de ,secretis71 prep>$ z foll[s3-- ,take pap] f ! mill1 n z yet siz$1 & mix ) x to six p>ts ( turp5t9e two ( ma/ic4 ,?is really makes a v cle>1 or at lea/ diaphan\s1 m$ium1 :i* may be us$ = tempor>ily repair+ brok5 glass w9d[s4 ,! same writ] in=ms u t if we take f9e p>*m5t 7p]gam5am hd9um71 prep>$ )\t lime1 or naturally dri$1 we %\ld lay x 9 wat]1 :i* w j cov] x1 9 :i* has be5 well infus$ boil$ honey & ! :ite ( eggs4 ,?is 0 us$ to repair col\r$ glass w9d[s4 ,!re is also giv5 9 ! ,zaub]bu* ( ,,johann ,,wallb]g]1 ,frank=t1 #agfj1 a recipe = ! same purpose3-- 8,take p>*m5t prep>$ )\t lime1 & /eep x 9 a mixture ( ?ick gum-arabic dissolv$ 9 wat]1 ! yolk ( eggs well %ak51 & cl>ifi$ honey40 ,x is wor? obs]v+1 z reg>ds ^! recipes f old works1 t :ile ^? f\nd$ on mod]n *emi/ry & exp]im5t are g5]ally *eap] & app>5tly bett]1 ! =m] are (t5 m durable 9 effect1 & 71 inde$1 m ?or\ghly te/$4 ,!re 7 a great _m p>*m5t w9d[s 9 ^? days1 & !re are none n[4 ,& 9 ^! old works ( ,,porta1 ,,weck]us1 ,,t5zelius1 ,,kir*]1 ,,alex&] ,,( ,,pi$mont1 ,,mizaldus1 ,,val5t9e ,,krautemann1 & _m m ( :i* ,i h a l>ge collection1 !re are _m curi\s prescriptions1 _m ( :i* ,i h se5 reviv$ f "t to "t ( late ye>s z mod]n sci5tific inv5tions--on :i* subject an int]e/+ article c\ld be writt54 ,a weak solution ( oxalic acid 9 wat] is (t5 ! be/ to remove ink & o!r /a9s f /rong :ite pap] or l954 ,x %\ld be appli$ by g5tly press+ or dabb+ 7n rubb+7 ) a cotton pad4 ,z soon z ! /a9 is remov$1 dab x aga9 ) clean wat]4 ,take good c>e1 h[ev]1 t !re are no scrat*es or cuts on y\r f+]s1 = if ! acid gets into !m x w cause great pa94 ,i may "h m5tion t ! old bookb9d]s' pa/e 0 made z foll[s3-- ,take a qu>t] ( a p\nd ( />*1 /eep x a qu>t] ( an h\r 9 wat]1 & /ir x till x is milky4 ,add a p9* ( alum1 & boil x once m4 ,?is 0 said to keep bett] ?an pa/e made f fl\r4 7,add a few drops ( oil ( cloves or c>bolic acid1 & x w keep v well47 ,fl\r c1 h[ev]1 be us$ in/ead ( />*1 & a good adhesive be ! result4 ,a little glue v mu* improves x4 ,!re is a great diff]5ce 9 ! quality ( cem5t made f bread1 z ! condition ( ! latt] has be5 *ang$ by f]m5tation4 ,,b9d+4--,repair+ books is ne>ly alli$ to b9d+1 & ! latt] is1 9 p]fection1 a some:at difficult art4 ,yet x is n at all difficult = a c>eful p]son to b9d up _m works 9 su* a mann] t !y w be> mu* read+1 & ) a little arti/ic skill look v well4 ,?is may be effect$ z foll[s3-- ,:5 a book is /it*$ toge!r1 !re are sew$ into ! back two or m cross pieces ( /r+ or /rips ( musl91 :i* project a little on ei!r side1 & :i*1 by be+ pa/$ d[n inside ! cov] "u a leaf1 hold ! book & cov] toge!r4 ,?is is fur!r /r5g!n$ sometimes by ano!r /rip ( musl94 ,:5 ! back is firmly gumm$ or pa/$ to ! book1 s z to b5d ) x1 x is call$ a flexible back1 :i* also adds to ! /r5g? ( ! :ole4 ,illu/ration ,if ! read] w n[ take a simply sewn or /it*$ book1 )\t b9d+1 & w place across its back two or m /rips ( p>*m5t1 & glue !m on ) ! /ronge/ possible cem5t--ma/ic be+ ! be/1 b acidulat$ glue or fl\r-pa/e ) glue1 or ev5 dextr9e-pa/e1 w answ] ! purpose--& if he w aga9 pa/e up & d[n ov] ^! a /rip j ! wid? ( ! back1 he w h all t is necess>y to make a /rong b9d+1 = ?is w hold z well z ! /r+s4 ,note t ! p>*m5t /rips mu/ fir/ be ?or\ghly wet ?r\gh & mac]at$1 or crumpl$ till q s(t4 ,aga91 t :5 ! pa/e is ne>ly dry ! /rip %\ld be rubb$ 94 ,next cut out two pieces ( /rong pa/ebo>d1 ea* a v little l>g] ?an ! l5g? & wid? ( ! book4 ,^! are ! cov]s4 ,illu/ration ,n[ pa/e ! outside ( ! /raps exactly to ! inside ( ! cov]s1 leav+ j en\gh space = op5+ & clos+4 ,:5 dry1 ! book %\ld op5 & close easily4 ,!n take ! out] cov] ( lea!r or clo?1 :i* is cut 9 ! %ape indicat$ 9 ! accompany+ outl9e1 pa/e x well ov] ! back1 & !n turn ! edges ov] & pa/e !m d[n ov] ! cov] inside1 s z to =m a n>r[ m>g91 z may be se5 by exam9+ any book4 ,also turn d[n1 be=e do+ ?is1 ! edges at ! ends ( ! book4 ,! b9d+ w be mu* /rong] if1 aft] pa/+ ! ends ( ! p>*m5t /rips to ! cov]s1 we pa/e ov] !m 9 turn good1 /rong pieces ( pap]1 close to ! back1 to prev5t ! /rips f pull+ up4 ,if !re be fly or blank leaves on ! sides ( ! book1 pa/e "o ( ea* d[n ov] ! inside ( ! cov]4 ,?is w conceal ! m>g9 & add greatly to ! /r5g? ( ! book4 ,b if !re be none1 y c supply !m1 fir/ly1 by a me?od :i* w make y\r b9d+ ev5 /rong] ?an t ( mo/ books4 ,take a v /rong piece1 let u say1 ( ,:atman's or any o!r good t\gh l95 draw+-pap]1 j ( ! size to cov] ! :ole book--t is1 back & sides4 ,cut 9 x f\r slits1 & pass ! /rips :i* are to b9d ! book to ! cov] ?r\gh1 & gum !m d[n1 & !n pa/e ! fly-leaf ?us add$ d[n ov] ! /rips4 ,b x w answ] e purpose if y simply gum fly-leaves on by a v n>r[ m>g9 ( 8adhesive40 ,all ( ?is w become cle> to any "o :o w c>efully exam9e a book4 ,& anybody :o has ! dext]ity to fold a lett] neatly or d up a p>cel prop]ly1 c 9 a %ort "t1 aft] "o or two exp]im5ts1 succe$ 9 b9d+ a book 9 ?is mann]4 ,i h obs]v$ t ^? :o fail z amateur bookb9d]s g5]ally d s because !y attempt too mu* too soon1 & aim at produc+ elegant ma/]pieces be=e !y h le>n$ to manage ) ease su* common "w z ,i h describ$4 ,?\gh ?is mann] ( /rip-b9d+ is little kn[n1 x 01 /range to say1 ! v fir/ ev] practis$2 =1 accord+ to ,,olympiodorus1 "o ,,philatius 0 ! fir/ :o taught ! use ( glue to fa/5 writt5 or blank leaves toge!r1 = :i* great discov]y a /atue 0 erect$ to him4 ,b9d]s 7 call$ among ! ,romans ligatores1 z !y are /ill 9 ,italy1 legatori2 & x 0 "h1 inde$1 t ,i myself le>n$ ! craft1 z ,i n[ g5]ally b9d my own books4 ,^? :o prep>$ & sold ! cov]s = ,roman booksell]s 7 call$ scrut>ii4 ,!re is a v easy way to b9d up pamphlets1 ,,mss41 or lett]s :5 !y h any m>g9 = a back4 ,if y _c h !m /it*$--:i*1 ?\gh difficult to an inexp]t1 c be done = a m]e trifle--!n sew !m toge!r across f side to side4 ,:]e ! pages are ( great value1 gum !m toge!r by a v n>r[ d\bl$ or fold$ /rip ( adhesive4 ,?is done1 b9d z be=e1 or else simply pa/e on a cov] ( draw+-pap] at ! back1 & ! fly-leaves to ! sides4 ,a great deal ( loose lit]ature1 fly+ leaves1 clipp+s f newspap]s1 lett]s1 c41 c 9 ?is way1 at no great exp5diture ( "t or money1 be conv]t$ into really valuable books4 ,i may "h obs]ve t clo? = b9d+1 ?9 lea!r1 & ev5 common p>*m5t or p>*m5t-pap]1 are mu* *eap] ?an w\ld be suppos$1 & t ! av]age co/1 all exp5ses includ$1 ( b9d+ a duodecimo book 9 ^! w\ld only be f ?reep5ce to a %ill+4 ,any wa/e p>*m5t w s]ve = b9d+4 ,any p]son1 h[ev]1 :o c emboss lea!r ) trac] & /amp1 ev5 ?\gh b a little1 aft] a week's practice1 c decorate & ornam5t books s z to greatly enhance _! value4 ,nor d ,i exagg]ate :5 ,i say t "h is a field 9 :i* any p]son :o c draw or copy decorative patt]ns mod]ately well might make a liv+4 ,! read] w f9d ! fulle/ details z to h[ ?is is done 9 my ,manual ( ,lea!r ,"w4 7,price #es4 ,london1 ,:ittak] ,co41 #b ,:ite ,h>t ,/reet1 ,e4,c47 ,9 ! pres5t "w ,i c only /ate t x is execut$ z foll[s3--,b9d y\r book ) c>dbo>d 9 fairly ?ick1 h>d1 & firm br[n lea!r2 !re is a k9d made = ! purpose 9 ,g]many4 ,draw ! patt]n on x1 or else draw x on pap] ) a crayon-p5cil1 & rub x f ! back on ! lea!r4 ,?is done1 g ov] x ) ! f9e po9t ( a m9iature bru% 9 ,indian ink4 ,damp5 ! lea!r slightly z y "w ) a sponge1 & m>k ! outl9e ) a trac] & /amp ! gr\nd ) a matt4 ,y may leave x br[n1 b if ! "w be co>se1 ,i advise pa9t+ ! :ole ) ink or ,indian ink1 & !n coat+ x ) ,,soehn,e',s v>ni%1 ,no4 #c4 ,rub ?is d[n well by h&4 ,if y c supply ! design 7:i* %\ld always be bold & simple71 any wood-c>v] w1 = a few %ill+s1 execute x 9 intaglio on a block ( wood1 :i* %\ld be at lea/ "o in* 9 ?ickness1 & also h a transv]se piece screw$ to its back to prev5t its w>p+4 ,) ?is y c /amp (f z _m cov]s z y want4 ,ret\* !m by h& ) trac] & /amp4 ,if black5$1 & !n t\*$ up ) gild+ & v>ni%$1 su* books are v attractive1 & %\ld sell well4 ,any p]son :o c design1 or ev5 trace1 a patt]n c h x cut on a block = a few %ill+s1 & anybody hav+ su* a block c pr9t (f any numb] ( impressions 9 damp lea!r1 & ret\* !m ) /amp & trac]1 & glue !m to c>dbo>d cov]s1 = books or albums1 & sell !m at a good pr(it4 ,yet1 ?\gh ?is has be5 cle>ly set =? by me sev]al times 9 manuals1 c41 ,i h nev] yet met ) a s+le amateur :o has attempt$ x4 ,!re is z a rule f> m suff]+ 9 ?is _w f laz9ess1 in]tness1 & an indisposition to try to d some?+ ?an f any o!r contam9at+ influ5ces :i* lead to pov]ty4 ,:5 a book is ev5 woefully dilapidat$1 s t !re is no m>g9 to /it*1 d n despair4 ,fir/ sep>ate e leaf1 smoo? x1 &1 if necess>y1 damp5 x ) a slight infusion ( tragacan?4 ,!n1 if !re is ev5 ! tw5tie? "p ( an in* ( m>g9 left1 take /rips ( good1 t\gh1 ?9 pap]1 & ) c>e /it* ! leaves to ^! /rips4 ,= "s sev]e cases y mu/ use v ?9 transp>5t or trac+ pap] to gum ov] ! text1 b :i* mu/ be visible ?r\gh x4 ,?is1 if neatly done1 does n look s badly z x w\ld seem4 ,if "o /rip be fold$ & us$ to connect two leaves1 ! /it*+ & b9d+ become easy4 ,i h already describ$ h[ to re/ore m>g9s & fill worm-holes4 ,i ?9k t if any p]son ( lit]>y habits w consid] all t is writt5 9 ?is *apt]1 & w beg9 to practise x ) delib]ation & c>e1 he w surely succe$1 & f9d x a v pr(itable & agreeable occupation4 ,all ( su* m5 h pamphlets1 ,,mss41 autographs1 lett]s1 newspap] clipp+s1 & pap]s1 :i*1 if class$ & made up into book-=m1 w\ld be m available = use1 & f> m valuable4 ,i say no?+ ( repair+ old books2 x speaks = itself z an easy & lucrative employm5t4 ,& x may be obs]v$ t a "y man :o c ?us b9d & repair w\ld make a mo/ valuable assi/ant-libr>ian1 ?\gh ! bus9ess c be ma/]$ v soon inde$2 & x w\ld (t5 happ5 t 9 *oos+ a secret>y1 :]e !re are _m pap]s to file or a libr>y to look aft]1 or an assi/ant 9 an antiqu>ian book-%op--p>ticul>ly ! latt]--pref]5ce w\ld be giv5 to "o :o _h ma/]$ practically :at is taught 9 ?is *apt]4 ,& z on bo>d %ip ! be/ sailor is g5]ally ! be/ m5d]--e old t> be+ prov]bially skill$ 9 repair+ & hav+ a quick eye = em]g5cies1 ev5 on %ore--s ! "o :o c rehabilitate & 8=m0 books w probably be a good assi/ant 9 all ?+s4 ,x may (t5 happ5 to a writ] or copyi/ t he has occasion to erase a ^w1 & _c write ov] ! space le/ ! ink %\ld spread4 ,9 old times ?is 0 rem$i$ z foll[s3--,a v little junip] gum1 levigat$ to ! f9e/ p[d]1 0 rubb$ ov] ! spot ) a s(t l95 rag4 ,9 all k9ds ( repair+ or te*nical "w x is sometimes necess>y to draw circles :5 ! arti/ has no compasses4 ,yet ?is c be done to p]fection1 almo/ by free-h&1 & v easily4 ,take sev]al %eets ( pap] or a blott]2 lay on x ! piece to be drawn on4 ,take a p5cil 9 ! f+]s1 z is usual1 re/ ! h& on ! nail ( ! little f+] z a po9t--hav+ previ\sly pull$ ! sleeve ( 8 coat well up1 s z to get a full view--& !n ) ! left h& draw or revolve ! pap]4 ,9 mo/ cases a p]fect circle w be ! result4 ,?is is admirable practice = le>n+ to draw circles entirely by free h&1 z may be f\nd by exp]im5t4 ,pap] c be made1 if n absolutely fire-pro(1 at lea/ depriv$ ( inflammability1 by be+ /eep$ 9 alum-wat]1 or 9 oleum t>t>i p] deliquium1 or oil ( t>t>4 ,/ation]s might f9d a sale = su* pap]4 ,if ! docum5t :i* 0 ?r[n by a c]ta9 ,du*ess into ! fire _h be5 ?us prep>$1 x might h be5 rescu$ by a by/&] be=e x p]i%$4 ,! art ( pres]vation1 or prev5tion ( injury1 is alli$ to re/oration1 = :i* reason x w\ld be well if m p :o s5d books by mail w\ld use protect+ corn]s1 :i* c readily be made by anybody ) a pair ( /rong scissors f ?9 %eet brass1 t91 or iron4 ,take a piece ( metal ( a rectangul> %ape1 z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration ,!n d\ble x into a triangle ov] a piece ( c>dbo>d1 or ( wood1 exactly ! ?ickness ( ! cov] ( ! book3-- ,illu/ration ,v valuable books %\ld be kept 9 boxes ( ?9 metal1 especially 9 ,india4 ,su* cases %\ld n be made to op5 & %ut ) a h+$ lid1 b ) a cov]+1 & l a cig> case4 ,su* cases1 or at lea/ metallic gu>ds1 %\ld also be us$ :5 a book is wrapp$ & ti$ 9 ! usual mann] & s5t by mail4 ,i am q sure t at lea/ e o!r book :i* ,i h receiv$ by mail dur+ ! pa/ ye> has %[n on its edges melan*oly sc>s f its /r+s1 rem9d+ "o ( ! w\nds :i* ! h]oic r$ ,indian reta9$ f 8 bonds4 ,a gu>d is simply a piece ( %eet-metal1 b5t z foll[s1 once or twice3-- ,illu/ration ,^! gu>ds are invaluable = pack+ books 9 trunks4 ,_! price is trifl+1 & 9 ! end !re w\ld be great economy 9 us+ !m4 ,books %\ld n be pack$ v tightly toge!r on _! %elves4 ,x bur/s ! b9d+1 especially ( mod]n works 9 bo>ds & pap]4 ,! old p>*m5t flexible b9d+s 7 9 e respect bett]1 & !y c\ld ev5 n[ be made f> m *eaply ?an is g5]ally suppos$ to be possible4 ,i h be=e me a book ne>ly ?ree hundr$ ye>s old1 b\nd 9 skiv] p>*m5t 7split1 or v ?971 :i* has evid5tly be5 mu* us$1 yet :i* is /ill 9 good condition4 ,b p>*m5t ne$ n be prep>$ v c>efully = ord9>y b9d+1 & x c\ld be sold = half ! price *>g$ by law /ation]s = :at is us$ to write on4 ,9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates "o mu/ pay mu* m = a %eepsk9 ?an = a %eep1 inde$ 9 "s cases ?ree or f\r times z mu*--t is to say1 ! sk9 z a p>*m5t 9 ,new ,york co/s z mu* z ?ree %eep 9 ! ,f> ,we/--& yet ! exp5se ( br++ ! sk9 to ! ,ea/ & ( tann+ x are 9 no proportion :atev] to ! /ation]'s pr(its4 ,any "o :o w exam9e an ord9>y old p>*m5t-b\nd book1 su* z lies be=e me1 w see at a glance :y x mu/ be m durable ?an a mod]n b9d+4 ,9 ! mod]n book ! /iff back rises full to ! edge1 or g5]ally above ! level ( ! sides1 & is made ( musl91 pap]1 or at be/ ( s(t lea!r4 ,!re=e 9 "t x breaks f pressure & friction1 or we>s away4 ,! p>*m5t or vellum _h 9 mo/ cases ?is back-edge put back or kept d[n z mu* z possible1 & ! t\gh cov]+ 0 all 9 "o piece4 ,x is v true t x is n possible to obta9 pla91 old-fa%ion$ p>*m5t n[1 & t ^? :o w\ld h vellum1 or ev5 %eep1 mu/ pay an enorm\s price = x4 ,?is w\ld n1 h[ev]1 be ! case long if !re 7 z great a popul> dem& = p>*m5t b9d+ z !re n[ is = flimsy musl94 ,^? :o pref] ! =m] w f9d no difficulty 9 hav+ x made = !m1 & 9 b9d+ _! books !mselves accord+ to ! directions :i* ,i h giv54 ,i %all 9 ! *apt] on ,papi]-m* %[ h[ cov]s = books may be *eaply made at no great exp5se1 :i* may be beautifully emboss$ & are extremely durable4 ,?is is1 briefly1 by hav+ a flat m\ld or die1 on :i* lay alt]nate coats ( pap] & firm pa/e 7into :i* glue & alum ent]71 !n pass+ ov] !m a bread-roll]1 cont9ually add+ pa/e & pap] till ! :ole is complete4 ,:5 f9i%$1 rub 9 black or any o!r col\r1 !n rub 9 oil1 rub aga91 apply ,,soehn,e1 ,no4 #c1 & f9ally rub by h&4 ,?is w make v beautiful b9d+4 ,x is mu* to be regrett$ t1 al?\gh !re has be5 ( late ye>s1 ow+ to ma*9]y & pat5t processes1 su* imm5se production ( *eap & %[y b9d+1 z %[n 9 photograph albums1 !re has be5 z /eady & rapid decrease 9 quality1 /r5g?1 & durability4 ,x is becom+ unusual1 ev5 9 v exp5sive books1 to f9d "o :i* c be hone/ly & well op5$ or is well /it*$4 ,i h1 s9ce writ+ t la/ ^w1 te/$ x ) two books rec5tly publi%$1 "o co/+ six %ill+s1 ! o!r a gu9ea4 ,! latt] 0 fairly well put toge!r & 8held10 b 0 w>p$ 9 ! /it*+ & pa/+4 ,x 0 8bad "w40 ,z = ! six %ill+ book1 x crack$ cle> ?r\gh to ! back at e page :i* ,i op5$1 & yet ,i did n op5 x v widely4 ,i %\ld say t any amateur :o c\ld n le>n to b9d books bett] 9 a mon? or six weeks ?an ^! 7 b\nd mu/ be /upid inde$4 ,! exam9ation ( a numb] ( o!r books %[s t :at ,i h said is n[ g5]ally true1 & t ev5 v exp5sive & pret5ti\sly elegant works are n half s well b\nd 9 reality z 7 common & *eap s*ool-books two hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,?is ,i h also confirm$ by exam9+ a numb] ( ! latt] b\nd 9 p>*m5t1 :i* bid fair to la/ = c5turies to come4 ,%\ld ?is *eap1 tra%y1 & %[y /yle ( b9d+ cont9ue1 & ) x a con/ant rise 9 ! price ( ev]y?+ made by h&1 ! result w be t ev]y?+ durable w be made by 8amateurs0--t is1 by p :o to arti/ic _s unite a c]ta9 p]sonal indep5d5ce4 ,own]s ( libr>ies w b9d _! own books1 or else employ p :o w "w z arti/s1 & n l m]e ma*9es4 ,! vulg> & ignorant w cont9ue to buy %[y1 *eap duplicates--induc$ by he>+1 8',ere's an h>ticle1 mum1 t we're sell9' a great _m h(0--:ile ! cultur$ w pref] ! h&-made1 :i* is n necess>ily m exp5sive4 ,9 fact1 if ! unemploy$ 9 ,engl&--or ! victims ( ! :olesale /eam tra%-mak]--c\ld be taught easy h&-"w1 z !y all c be1 x w\ld be possible to n only va/ly relieve national pov]ty1 b we c\ld h a v>iety ( articles ( bett] quality4 ,= x appe>s to be1 by "s /range law1 a fact t1 ) all ! improvem5ts 9 ma*9]y1 m5 c /ill make by h&--& well--pictures1 clo!s1 %oes or boots1 bookb9d+s1 & works ( art g5]ally--t is to say1 any?+ 9 :i* skill or "* c be %[n2 :ile1 on ! contr>y1 9 all su* matt]s ma*9]y1 in/ead ( mak+ any progress1 is1 ow+ to competition1 actually fall+ beh9d6 ,sci5tific & o!r j\rnals are cont9ually boa/+ ( new discov]ies & improvem5ts1 b despite ?is ! j]ry-built h\ses ( ?ree-f\r?s ( ,london1 ! saw$ & glu$ *eap & vile furniture 7made by sci5tific /eam7 ) :i* !y are fill$1 ! av]age quality ( ev]y?+ into :i* skill & ta/e are suppos$ to ent]1 %[ t ?is boa/$ 8end ( ! c5tury0 is also rapidly com+ to an end 9 good ta/e & ! quality ( its "w4 ,he :o w le>n to m5d ) c>e1 ta/e1 & skill1 fir/ly 8 books1 w f9d t to progress f ?is to b9d+ & to mak+ elegant cov]s is only go+ f ,a to ,b4 ,! b9d+ ( ! old5 "t1 :ile x 0 incr$ibly /rong1 vigor\s1 & qua9t1 0 extremely easy to make1 z ,i h satisfi$ myself by mu* exam9ation & p]sonal practice4 ,! /it*+ 0 n ) ! weake/ & *eape/ cotton-?read2 /ill less 0 x ) wires too ?9 = ! purpose2 x 0 execut$ ) l95 pack-?read1 f ! top to ! bottom ( ! page1 9 ?ree or f\r /it*es1 s t ! book c\ld really be op5$ & b5t back till ! cov]s t\*$ )\t injury to x4 ,all ( :i* c\ld be giv5 to-day ) ! p>*m5t cov]s at ! same price :i* ! book n[ co/s1 & to pay ! same pr(it1 7 x n t public 8ta/e0 pref]s %[y tra%4 ,beyond good1 /rong /it*+1 all ! necess>y process ( b9d+ is v easy4 ,x requires neatness & c>e1 & "s practice1 b x is decid$ly n difficult4 ,he :o has ma/]$ x w f9d t o!r k9ds ( m5d+1 & also ! practice ( alli$ m9or arts1 are simply ! succe$+ lett]s ( ! alphabet4 ,x is a fact1 to :i* ,i invite att5tion1 t dilettante amateurs ( books inv>iably und]/& by b9d+ no?+ m ?an its ref9em5ts & easily ru9$ adornm5t1 :i* books _h bett] be )\t4 ,amateurs ( ?is class always attempt at once ! mo/ difficult "w1 & g5]ally fail4 ,z a rule1 almo/ )\t exception1 ! prize specim5s ( mod]n b9d+ se5 at exhibitions are *iefly rem>kable = ornam5t1 :i* w n endure h&l+ or rubb+1 su* z surface-gild+4 ,pamphlets or lett]s1 c41 c be b\nd ) 8eyelets10 & ! clamp or pun* :i* is sold ) !m4 ,or !y may be simply gumm$ toge!r1 9 :i* case use ! p[]ful fi%-glue1 :i* holds p]fectly4 ,! easie/ & mo/ effective me?od ( side-b9d+1 or :]e leaves are held toge!r by pass+ ! tie ?r\gh f side to side1 is z foll[s3--,h by y /rips ( metal1 say %eet-t91 "o-f\r? or "o-?ird ( an in* 9 bread?2 also small rivets or tacks4 ,take two /rips ( ! same l5g? z ! pamphlet or pap]s to be b\nd1 & /rike holes 9 !m ) a brad-awl & hamm]1 on a solid piece ( wood1 at regul> di/ances4 ,!n place ^! /rips on ! book1 & drive ! rivets ?r\gh ! holes4 ,turn ! :ole r\nd1 & lay+ ! o!r side on an anvil or a rev]s$ flat-iron1 flatt5 ! po9ts ( ! rivets s t !y w hold4 ,any old t9s1 su* z are ?r[n away 9 su* numb]s1 c be made to supply /rips4 ,a /rip ( p>*m5t or /rong pap] b5t ov] to =m a back c !n be pa/$ ov] ! /rips to improve ! appe>ance ( ! volume4 ,any t9man w1 = a trifle1 supply ^! /rips & pun* ! holes neatly = use4 ,!y %\ld be f\nd 9 e libr>y1 & ought to be 9 e /ation]'s4 ,x may be obs]v$ t 9 ins]t+ ! rivets or tacks y %\ld place !m alt]nately1 "o on "o side & "o on ! o!r4 ,a light] =m ( ?is b9d+ is to take a flat-head$ draw+-p91 simil> to ^? us$ by arti/s1 & h a r\nd1 flat t9 or brass disc1 l a ?9 sixp5ce or ?reep5ny-bit1 correspond+ to x4 ,9 ! latt] pun* a small hole1 & rivet z be=e4 ,t9m5 w also pun* ^! discs2 9 fact1 !y (t5 ?r[ away a great _m cut f c]ta9 k9ds ( "w4 ,:]e ! lead] may h a great numb] ( books to b9d1 he w f9d x an economy or a means to secure good "w to hire a girl :o is an exp]i5c$ book-/it*] to come & "w = him4 ,he c ?us be sure ( hav+ 8 works well sew$ f top to bottom ) /ronge/ l95-?read 9 anci5t /yle1 in/ead ( _! be+ %abbily wir$ 7& all wir+ is %abby1 s9ce ! ?9 does n hold1 & ! ?ick bur/s ! b9d+71 or /ill m %abbily loop$ toge!r ) weak cotton-?read4 ,?is effect$1 he c easily d 8 own b9d+4 ,he may n rival a ,groli]1 or turn out su* exquisite 8gems0 z require to be kept 9 caskets1 & are utt]ly unsuitable = use or read+1 &1 l mo/ 8elegant & unrivall$0 mod]n b9d+1 m>vels ( tool+ & gild+4 ,b he c mo/ assur$ly hope to b9d /rongly 9 p>*m5t z books 7 b\nd 9 ! old5 "t1 & if he *ooses to also ornam5t !m ) ri*ly /amp$ lea!r cov]s1 he c 9 a %ort "t le>n to d ! latt]1 z may be se5 9 ! ,manual ( ,lea!r-,"w4 ,! great te/ ( excell5ce 9 a book is1 ,c x be freely h&l$ & read )\t injury8 ,! mo/ c>eless exam9ation ( mo/ books w conv9ce ! read] t ?is te/ is almo/ unkn[n4 ,! exquisitely :it5$ vellum b9d+s ( ,flor5ce & ,v5ice1 :i* are /a9$ almo/ ) ! pressure ( a lady's clean f+]2 ! photograph album1 s beautifully /amp$ 9 lea!r z ?9 z blott+-pap]1 :i* scrat*es & we>s into %abb9ess 9 a week1 if (t5 op5$--all ! %[-pieces ( exhibitions w n endure use4 ,& x seems z if1 aft] all ! b9d+ ( ?is decade %all h p]i%$1 t ( ! common1 *eap books ( ! sev5te5? c5tury w be z good z ev]4 ,a great numb] ( ! adhesives & cem5ts m5tion$ 9 ?is book are q applicable to m5d+ b9d+s or mak+ pap] /ick to pap]1 c4 ,! foll[+ is1 h[ev]1 n only a pa/e1 b also a glaze1 & is ext5sively us$ z su* on labels1 boxes1 & c>ds3-- ,boil borax ) wat]1 & "w x ?or\ghly into case9e till x =ms a cle>1 ?ick1 & extremely adhesive cem5t1 :i* is also mu* us$ to v>ni% lea!r or musl9s4 ,x is (t5 desirable to h a v>ni% or glaze = ! cov]s ( books1 & /ill m frequ5tly a pa/e1 :i* w hold v firmly & yet n p5etrate1 z glue & pa/e v (t5 d4 ,to make su* a cem5t1 mix heavy solution ( w>m glue ) fre%ly made />* or fl\r-pa/e4 ,add to ?is "o-f\r? "p ( turp5t9e & "o-f\r? ( spirits ( w9e4 ,?is excell5t cem5t is applicable to _m purposes4 ,to pap] walls well we make fl\r-pa/e1 & to e qu>t add t5 grammes ( alum dissolv$ 9 hot wat]4 ,!n wa% ! wall ) glue-wat]1 & cov] ! pap] ) ! pa/e4 ,! alum & glue =m a comb9ation :i* is lea!ry & insoluble1 & n only arre/s decay1 b cl+s ) great =ce4 ,mo/ wall-pap] put on ) common pa/e decays m or less 9 "t1 & becomes simply poison\s4 ,a ,,/rong ,,gum ,,or ,,adhesive ,,= ,,pap]1 ,,c>dbo>d ,,"w1 ,,or ,,b9d+3-- ,i4 ,dissolve3-- ,gild]'s glue #ajj ,wat] #bjj ,add to ?is3-- ,blea*$ %ellac #b ,alcohol #aj ,,ii4 ,dissolve toge!r3-- ,dextr9e #ej ,wat] #ej ,unite ! two solutions ?us =m$2 pass !m ?r\gh a clo?1 s z to fall into a flat m\ld4 ,:5 dry1 use by dissolv+ 9 hot wat]4 ,,am]ican ,,glaze ,,= ,,po/age-,,/amps3-- ,dextr9e #b ,v9eg> #a ,wat] #e ,alcohol #a ,/amps are1 h[ev]1 v (t5 surreptiti\sly remov$ by means ( moi/ure4 ,! foll[+ recipe r5d]s ?is difficult4 ,x consi/s ( two prep>ations1 "o ( :i* is appli$ to ! /amp & "o to ! lett]4 ,x is p>ticul>ly ne$$ 9 ,am]ica1 :]e1 accord+ to a /atem5t 9 a newspap]1 ne>ly "o-?ird ( all ! po/age-/amps are remov$ f lett]s1 clean$1 & us$ ov] aga94 ,i4 ,= ! ,lett]4 ,*romic acid #b4e gr4 ,cau/ic pota% #ae4j 0 ,wat] #ae4j 0 ,sulphuric acid #j4e 0 ,sulphuric copp]-oxide ( ammonia #cj4j 0 ,f9e pap] #d4j 0 ,,ii4 ,on ! ,/amp4 ,/urgeon's bladd] 9 wat] #g4j gr4 ,v9eg> #a4j 0 ,! *romic acid =ms ) ! glue a sub/ance insoluble 9 wat]1 :i* causes ! /amp n to yield to moi/ure4 ,! two %\ld be kept 9 two cups1 & ! lett] fir/ sme>$ ) "o & ! /amp ) ! o!r4 ,i h read ( a physician :o1 f9d+ t 8 po/age-/amps 7 (t5 /ol51 adopt$ ! precaution ( giv+ _! backs an application ( croton-oil1 or "s simil> p[]ful 8anti-?ief-matic10 ! result ( :i* 0 great tempor>y illness 9 8 l&lady & h] family4 ,= ?is recipe ! read] mu/ apply to a *emi/6 ,,ed]',s ,,gum ,,= ,,photographs4--,dissolve oxyhydrate ( ammonia 9 v9\s acid1 to "o "p ( :i* add tw5ty ( />*-pa/e4 ,,cem5t ,,= ,,lea!r ,,or ,,pap] ,,9 ,,b9d+ ,,books1 ,c4--,take #a kilogramme ( :eat-fl\r1 & make x to a pa/e ) #bj grammes ( f9ely p[d]$ alum4 ,boil ?is till a spoon w /& uptight 9 x4 ,cov] ! c>dbo>d or cov] ) ?is1 lay ! lea!r or musl9 ^u x1 & !n ) a roll] press "o ^u ! o!r4 ,lea!r %\ld fir/ be damp$4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 t ! pa/e be n too moi/2 secondly1 t x is laid on v ev5ly & ?9ly4 ,engrav+s or texts :i* h _h a piece torn out c be re/or$ z foll[s3-- ,obta9 a photograph f a p]fect copy on correspond+ pap]1 !n ) gum set x 91 s z to supply ! defici5cy4 ,z ! ravages ( ! ,book-worm =m an important item 9 m5d+ books1 & z !re is always "s int]e/ = collectors reg>d+ ?is mu* talk$ ( & r>ely se5 insect1 ,i take ! lib]ty ( reproduc+ f ! ,am]ican ,sci5ce ( ,m>* #bd1 #ahic1 an article on ! subject4 ,an appropriate motto = x might be3-- 8,come hi!r1 boy2 we'll hunt to-day ,! book-worm1 rav5+ bea/ ( prey40 ,,! ,,ravages ,,( ,,book-,,worms ,at a meet+ ( ! ,massa*usetts ,hi/orical ,society1 held ,febru>y #i1 #ahic1 ,dr4 ,samuel ,a4 ,gre51 aft] %[+ two volumes t _h be5 completely riddl$ by ! ravages ( insects1 z well z "s specim5s ( ! animals 9 v>i\s /ages1 made ! foll[+ rem>ks3-- 99 99 99 99 99 ,= a long p]iod ( ye>s ,i h be5 look+ = liv+ specim5s ( ! s-call$ 8book-worm10 ( :i* traces are occasionally f\nd 9 old volumes2 & ,i 0 expect+ to f9d an inv]tebrate animal ( ! class ( annelids4 ,9 ?is libr>y at ! pres5t "t !re are books p]=at$ ) clean-cut holes op5+ into s9u\s cavities1 :i* usually run up ! back ( ! volumes1 & sometimes p]=ate ! lea!r cov]s & ! body ( ! book2 b ,i h nev] detect$ ! live culprit t does ! mis*ief4 ,= ! mo/ "p ! injury is conf9$ to su* z are b\nd 9 lea!r1 & ! ravages ( ! insect appe> to dep5d on its hung]4 ,! ext]nal orifices look l s _m %ot-holes1 b ! *annels are any?+ b /raight4 ,f a long exam9ation ( ! subject ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t all ! damage 0 done be=e ! libr>y came to ?is site 9 ! spr+ ( #ahcc4 ,at all ev5ts1 !re is no reason to suppose t any ( ! mis*ief has be5 caus$ dur+ ! la/ fifty ye>s4 ,p]haps ! furnace-heat dries up ! moi/ure :i* is a requisite condition = ! life & propagation ( ! little animal4 ,ne>ly two ye>s ago ,i receiv$ a p>cel ( books f ,florida1 ( :i* "s 7 infe/$ ) v]m91 & m or less p]=at$ 9 ! mann] ,i h describ$4 ,x occurr$ to me t !y w\ld make a good bre$+ f>m & exp]im5t /ation = le>n+ ! habits ( ! insect2 & ,i accord+ly s5t sev]al ( ! volumes to my fri5d ,mr4 ,samuel ,g>man1 :o is connect$ ) ! ,museum ( ,comp>ative ,zoology at ,cambridge1 = 8 c>e & obs]vation4 ,f him ,i le>n t ! pr9cipal (f5d] is an animal kn[n popul>ly z ! ,buffalo ,bug1 ?\gh he is help$ 9 8 "w by k9dr$ spirits1 n alli$ to him accord+ to ! rules ( natural hi/ory4 ,mr4 ,g>man's lett] gives ! result ( 8 lab\rs s fully z to leave no?+ to be desir$1 & is z foll[s3-- 8,,museum ,,( ,,comp>ative ,,zoology1 ,,cambridge1 ,,mass41 ,febru>y #g1 #ahic4 8,,dr4 ,,samuel ,a4 ,,gre51 ,,bo/on1 ,,mass4 8,,sir1--,! infe/$ books s5t = exam9ation to ?is ,museum1 ?r\gh ! k9dness ( ,mr4 ,george ,e4 ,littlefield1 7 receiv$ ,july #ae1 #ahia4 ,!y 7 inspect$1 &1 conta9+ individuals ( a c\ple ( species ( liv+ insects1 7 at once enclos$ 9 glass = fur!r developm5ts4 ,a ye> aft]w>d live specim5s ( bo? k9ds 7 /ill at "w4 ,besides ^? t rea*$ u alive1 a ?ird species _h left traces ( =m] pres5ce 9 a numb] ( empty egg-cases4 8,five ( ! volumes 7 b\nd 9 clo?4 ,on ^! ! pr9cipal damage appe>$ at ! edges1 :i* 7 eat5 away & disfigur$ by l>ge burr[s ext5d+ inw>d4 ,two volumes 7 b\nd 9 lea!r4 ,! edges ( ^! 7 n s mu* di/urb$2 b num]\s p]=ations1 some:at l %ot-holes ext]nally1 pass$ ?r\gh ! lea!r1 enl>g+ & ramify+ 9 ! int]ior4 ,z if made by small] insects1 ! sides ( ^! holes 7 neat] & clean] cutt+s ?an ^? 9 ! burr[s on ! edges ( ! o!r volumes4 8,! insects 7 all id5tifi$ z well kn[n enemies ( libr>ies1 cab9ets1 & w>drobes4 ,"o ( !m is a species ( :at are commonly designat$ #8fi% bugs1' #8silv] fi%1' #8bri/le tails1' c4 ,by entomologi/s !y are call$ ,lepisma2 ! species 9 h& is probably ,lepisma sac*>9a4 ,x is a small1 elongate1 silv]y1 v active creature1 frequ5tly discov]$ "u objects1 or betwe5 ! leaves ( books1 :5ce x escapes by its extraord9>y quickness ( movem5t4 ,pa/e & ! siz+ or enamel ( "s k9ds ( pap] are v attractive to x4 ,9 "s cases x eats (f ! entire surface ( ! %eet1 includ+ ! ink1 )\t mak+ p]=ations2 9 o!rs ! leaves are completely de/roy$4 ,! la/ specim5 ( ?is insect 9 ^! books 0 kill$ ,febru>y #e1 #ahic1 :i* proves ! species to be suffici5tly at home 9 ?is latitude4 8,! second ( ! ?ree is "o ( ! #8,buffalo ,bugs4' or #8,c>pet ,bugs1' s call$2 n really bugs1 b beetles4 ,! species be=e u is ! ,an?r5us v>ius ( sci5ti/s1 v common 9 ,bo/on & ,cambridge1 z 9 o!r portions ( ! temp]ate regions & ! tropics4 ,v likely ! #8%ot-holes' 9 ! lea!r-b\nd volumes are ( its mak+1 ?\gh x may h be5 aid$ 9 ! deep] & l>g] *amb]s by "o or bo? ( ! o!rs4 ,! damage done by ?is insect 9 ! h\se1 museum1 & libr>y is too well kn[n to call = fur!r comm5t4 ,liv+ individuals 7 tak5 f ! books ne>ly a ye> aft] !y 7 isolat$4 8,! ?ird species _h disappe>$ be=e ! arrival ( ! books1 leav+ only its burr[s1 excrem5t1 & empty egg-cases1 :i*1 h[ev]1 leave no d\bt ( ! id5tity ( ! animal ) "o ( ! cockroa*es1 possibly ! species ,blatta ,au/ralasi4 ,! cases agree 9 size ) ^? ( ,blatta ,am]icana1 b h ?irte5 impressions on ea* side1 z if ! numb] ( eggs 7 tw5ty-six4 ,! ravages ( ! cockroa*es are greate/ 9 ! tropics1 b "s ( ! species range ?r\gh ! temp]ate zones & ev5 nor?w>d4 ,an extract f ,we/wood & ,drury w s]ve to indicate ! "* ( _! "w3-- 8#8,!y dev\r all k9ds ( victuals1 dress$ & undress$1 & damage all sorts ( clo?+1 lea!r1 books1 pap]1 c41 :i*1 if !y d n de/roy1 at lea/ !y soil1 z !y frequ5tly deposit a drop ( _! excrem5t :]e !y settle4 ,!y sw>m by myriads 9 old h\ses1 mak+ e "p fil?y beyond description4 ,!y h also ! p[] ( mak+ a noise l a %>p knock+ ) ! knuckle ^u ! wa9scott+1 ,blatta gigantea be+ !nce kn[n to ! ,we/ ,indies by ! "n ( drumm]2 & ?is !y keep up1 reply+ to ea* o!r1 ?r\gh\t ! night4 ,moreov]1 !y attack sleep+ p]sons1 & w ev5 eat ! extremities ( ! dead4' 8,?is quotation makes x appe> t au?ors z well z books are endang]$ by ?is outlaw4 ,) en]gies exclusively turn$ aga9/ prop]ly select$ examples ( bo?1 :at a _w ( good x might d mank9d6 ,! discrim9ation lack+1 ! insect mu/ be treat$ z a common enemy4 ,z a bane = #8silv] fi%' & cockroa*es1 pyre?rum insect p[d] is said to be effectual4 ,= a numb] ( ye>s ,i h us$1 on lepisma & roa*1 a mixture conta9+ phosphorus1 #8,! ,infallible ,wat] ,bug & ,roa* ,ext]m9ator1' made by ,b>n>d ,co41 #g ,temple ,place1 ,bo/on1 &1 )\t o!r int]e/ 9 adv]tis+ ! comp\nd1 h f\nd x entirely satisfactory 9 its effects4 ,bisulphide c>bon1 evaporat$ 9 clos$ boxes or cases conta9+ ! infe/$ articles1 is us$ to d away ) ! #8,buffalo ,bugs4'--,v respectfully y\rs1 8,,samuel ,,g>man40 ,i c rememb] t _m ye>s ago !re 0 to be se5 9 ! book%op ( ,john ,p5+ton1 ,philadelphia1 a book-worm pres]v$ 9 spirits 9 a vial4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ?is species ( t]$o p5etrates wood & lea!r z well z pap] is n ! lea/ curi\s ( its habits4 ,! great am\nt ( injury inflict$ by bor+-insects 9 books1 wood1 & all weak sub/ances is suffici5t reason = giv+ s mu* space to ?is subject4 ,f a %ip to a manuscript1 no?+ is safe f !m4 ,,papi]-,m,,* ,,repair+ ,,toys--,,mak+ ,,gr\nds ,,= ,,pictures ,,& ,,walls--,,c>ton-,,cuir ,,& ,,c>ton-,,pi]re ,s(t pap]1 :5 mix$ ) wat]1 gum1 or1 bett] /ill1 ) fl\r-pa/e1 =ms a sub/ance :i* c be m\ld$ to any =m1 & :i*1 :5 dry1 w be z h>d z c>dbo>d4 ,its h>dness & durability may be increas$ by m+l+ ) x _m sub/ances4 ,comb9$ ) s(t lea!r 9 small fragm5ts or ) ! du/ ( lea!r1 x =ms :at ! ,fr5* call c>ton-cuir4 ,9 ?is1 or ev5 9 its natural /ate--t is1 pap] & pa/e--papi]-m*1 z x is t]m$1 c "u pressure be made z h>d z any wood4 ,i h se5 all k9ds ( articles ( furniture made f x4 ,9 ,am]ica !re are manufactories 9 :i* pails or buckets1 tubs1 firk9s1 & ev5 durable boats1 are ?us manufactur$4 ,!re is 9 ,b]g51 ,norway1 a *ur* built entirely ( x mix$ ) lime4 ,= c]ta9 k9ds ( m5d+ x is v valuable4 ,?\gh n s pla/ic z clay1 papi]-m* c1 ) a little practice1 be m\ld$ into any =m4 ,x consi/s simply ( pa/+ piece on to piece1 press+ x meantime z mu* z possible ) ! f+]s or a wood5 implem5t l a pe/le4 ,! pressure %\ld be appli$ z x gradually dries4 ,any "o c ?us make v h>d c>dbo>d ) a bread-roll] on a bo>d4 ,if y h ! c>dbo>d cov] ( a book badly damag$1 ) ev5 a portion gone1 x c be re/or$ by us+ papi]-m* 9 :i* a solution ( glue or gum has be5 infus$4 ,glue x specially at ! edges4 ,= su* repair+ take pap]-du/ or pulp1 comb9$ ) gum-arabic 9 alum-wat] solution1 or simply ! gum4 ,?is is easily m\ld$ & smoo!d into any cracks or torn places4 ,if p>*m5t be torn away x is easily replac$4 ,cut a piece to replace ! miss+ portion1 damp5 x & ! edge :i* x is to jo9 till q s(t1 !n glue ! two toge!r1 us+ pressure4 ,i h j effect$ ?is myself ) a cov] ( :i* half 0 gone1 & ! m5d+ is h>dly visible4 ,use ! broad knife freely to press d[n ! edges4 ,by comb9ation ) a mixture ( nitric or sulphuric acid & wat]1 s(t pap] becomes p>*m5t-l & v h>d4 ,?is requires c>eful exp]im5t+1 = its success dep5ds on ! quality ( ! acid & ! texture ( ! pap]4 ,v rem>kable results h be5 obta9$ f ?is1 su* z mat]ial resembl+ ivory1 horn1 & tortoise-%ell1 9 l>ge blocks4 ,wa/e-pap] is s common & *eap t papi]-m* c always be made any:]e4 ,x is well adapt$ to close cracks 9 wood1 walls1 or else:]e2 & = ^? :o wi% = an employm5t or amusem5t1 x af=ds endless facilities4 ,"o ( ^! is ! m5d+ or mak+ ( toys4 ,a common mask is made z foll[s4 ,on a face c>v$ 9 wood & oil$ !re is spread common co>se s(t pap] wett$1 :i* is c>efully press$ d[n1 & m pap] & pa/e add$1 till x is ( ! requisite ?ickness4 ,x is !n1 :5 r dry1 tak5 (f & left to dry p]fectly4 ,x is !n pa9t$ & v>ni%$4 ,%\ld a mask be brok51 wet x1 pa/e glue-pap] ov] x1 & pa9t x aga94 ,papi]-m* is popul>ly synonym\s ) t :i* is tra%y & %am 9 art1 simply because its capacities & applications are n kn[n4 ,?us lea!r-"w 0 long despis$ z only af=d+ imitations ( c>v$ wood4 ,b 9 ! h&s ( a true arti/--t is1 ( an orig9al design]1 :o applies1 & n a m]e artisan1 :o imitates or copies--papi]-m* is z mu* a subject = art z any o!r mat]ial4 ,x c be us$ 9 _m ways1 m or less alli$ to m5d+1 z are all arts4 ,?us pap] 9 f9e p[d]1 or r$uc$ to a f9e pa/e--or pulp--c be1 ) a little practice1 mix$ ) gum & pa9t$ ) a bru% on a surface s z to produce relief4 ,a v little elevation or depression ?us s]ves to produce gr\nds :i* may s]ve to give light or %ad[ to pictures4 ,?us pa/el pa9t+ or crayon 9 col\rs rubb$ 91 :i* has always be51 ev5 9 ! mo/ vigor\s h&s1 a weak or 8s(tly sweet0 art1 may be made v vigor\s by firmly reliev+ & r\gh5+ ! gr\nd2 =1 z ! great ,am]ican pa9t]1 ,,all/on1 (t5 /r5g!n$ 8 col\rs by mix+ s& ) !m1 s pa/el pa9t+ :i* lacks 8s&0 c h x suppli$ by mix+ x ) ! gum = ! gr\nd4 ,to und]/& ?is process m cle>ly1 let x be obs]v$ t1 z ! illum9ators ( m$ival manuscripts gave relief & ! appe>ance ( solidity to gold by mak+ a rais$ surface ) a p[d] ( gesso 7pla/] ( ,p>is7 & clay & gum1 s ?is pr9ciple c be c>ri$ out to a f> great] ext5t by giv+ relief to a gr\nd4 ,"h ^? ( limit$ views1 :o nev] get beyond ! m]ely artisan /age ( art1 w at once decry ?is z %amm+1 & z imitat+ effect by ! aid ( modell+1 & n be+ true art1 q =gett+ t all is true to g5ius1 & ev]y?+ m or less %am 9 ! m]e imitation4 ,hav+ a surface1 ei!r panel or ,bri/ol bo>d1 :i* latt] _h bett] be pa/$ to a panel or good ?ick solid c>dbo>d1 beg9 by tak+ a little gum or glue 9 tol]ably fluid solution on ! po9t ( a bru%1 & incorporat+ ) x ! pap] pulp or clo?-du/ to a v s(t pa/e1 ) :i* pa9t :at is to be 9 relief4 ,! same effect is produc$ 9 oil by us+ a heavi]1 ?ick] k9d ( pa9t4 ,t is all ! diff]5ce1 "o be+ z legitimate z ! o!r4 ,by int]mix+ *alk or s& or clay1 & by us+ glass-pap] :]e ! crayon1 c41 refuse to take easily1 ! relief adapts itself to e sub/ance4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 e process kn[n1 ! arti/ mu/ at fir/ exp]im5t a little1 accord+ to 8 mat]ials4 ,solid %eets ( f9e h>d pap]1 ) /rong pa/e betwe51 :5 pass$ betwe5 roll]s =m a k9d ( papi]-m* :i*1 is z h>d z wood1 fire-pro(1 &1 :at is mo/ s+ul>1 m durable ?an iron4 ,:eels = railway c>riages are (t5 made ( x1 & !y nev] w>p "u ! action ( heat or cold1 nei!r d !y crack nor b5d4 ,y c make ?is c>dbo>d = y\rself ( v good quality by ?is process3--,take a %eet ( writ+-pap]--! bett] ! quality ! bett] ! result w be--cov] x ) good fl\r-pa/e 9 :i* !re is a little alum & glue & a few drops ( oil ( cloves1 :i* latt] w prev5t pa/e f turn+ or s\r+4 ,!n lay on ?is ano!r %eet1 apply ano!r coat ( pa/e1 & :5 x is a little dry or pa/ ! s(t] /age1 yet :ile /ill capable ( adhesion1 lay ! %eets on a h>d1 smoo? slab or table1 & pass a roll] ov] !m1 at fir/ g5tly1 b ev5tually frequ5tly1 & ) =ce4 ,add z _m %eets z necess>y = ! ?ickness requir$4 ,x w be und]/ood t if ! surface on :i* ?is %eet is =m$ 7 an intaglio-cut die or m\ld1 ! c>dbo>d :5 tak5 up w\ld pres5t a bas-relief ( x z h>d z any wood1 & ! :ole w\ld =m a panel :i* c\ld be us$ = ! side ( a box or to be set 9 a cab9et4 ,if made ( good pap] & firmly roll$1 ?is panel w be 9 e respect equal to wood = all decorative purposes4 ,z anybody :o c c>ve wood at all c cut m\lds1 & z a wood5 m\ld1 if kept well oil$ 7or o!rwise secur$ f yield+ to moi/ure71 w s]ve = papi]-m* & lea!r or wood-pa/e ca/+1 x is rem>kable t su* "w is s v little practis$ by ! /ud5ts ( ! m9or arts4 ,t su* panels c be v easily & rapidly made ,i "k by exp]i5ce2 t ! mat]ials = ! "w are *eap speaks = itself2 &1 f9ally1 t beautiful panels = cab9ets & doors1 :e!r made ( c>v$ wood1 /amp$ lea!r1 or papi]-m* br+ a v good price w also be mo/ app>5t to anybody :o w g to a fa%ionable cab9etmak] & ord] !m4 ,?us we w say t a small pla9 cab9et co/s #e4 ,put into x six panels1 really co/+ ab\t #f;d4 ea* to m\ld1 & ! price w be #aj4 ,su* press$ panels are admirably adapt$ = b9d+ books1 z1 :5 prop]ly made & dri$1 !y _c w>p or b5d4 ,if cov]$ ) relief !y may be made v beautiful4 ,simply black5$ or br[n$1 !n rubb$ ) oil1 v>ni%$ ) ,,soehn,e1 ,no4 #c1 & rubb$ by h&1 !y are z beautiful z poli%$ wood or lea!r4 ,papi]-m*1 pulp1 or pap] p[d] c be comb9$ ) ca\t*\c or indi>ubb]1 :i* latt] c be itself dissolv$ 9 b5z9e1 camph9e1 sulphuric e!r1 & o!r solv5t m$iums1 s z to =m a pa/e :i* becomes l indi>ubb] :5 dry or z x h>d5s4 ,mix$ ) sulphur ?is =ms vulcanite4 ,or x may be comb9$ ) :ite col\r+ matt] ( almo/ any k9d4 ,?is c be appli$ to m5d+ ! brok5 noses ( dolls1 or any o!r w\nds :i* ^! pretty semblances ( humanity (t5 receive1 _! beauty be+ un=tunately g5]ally m %ortliv$ ?an t ( _! prototypes4 ,! f9al f9i% ( su* rep>ation is a coat ( pa9t4 ,9 _m cases ?is is bett] :5 rubb$ on ) ! f+] ?an :5 directly pa9t$4 ,! read] :o %all h /udi$ ?is "w w f9d no difficulty 9 re/or+ any toy4 ,i may1 h[ev]1 "h rem>k t 8no solution ( india rubb] c be well m\ld$ )\t intimate int]mixture ( sulphur1 aid$ by heat & pressure4 ,?is is a difficult process1 & ! amateur w\ld d well1 !re=e1 to pur*ase rubb] composition1 :i* he may d at any l>ge %op 9 :i* rubb] goods are made z a specialty0 7,"w1 ,may #ba1 #ahib74 ,illu/ration ,x is easy to make any article ( papi]-m* if ! m]e beg9n+ ( a =m has once be5 %ap$2 because1 aft] t is set1 all t we h to d is to gradually pa/e "o piece ( pap] on1 "h & !re1 till x is f9i%$4 ,?is beg9n+ is v easy if we h an object on :i* to beg94 ,?us take a vase or cup4 ,oil ?is1 & !n lay on & all ar\nd x s(t1 damp pap]4 ,newspap] w d--a s(t1 :ite pr9t+ pap]4 ,!n1 ) a broad bru%1 lay on pa/e1 & apply a second coat ( pap]4 ,press x mean:ile z h>d z y c4 ,cont9ue ?is till ! papi]-m* is ?ick en\gh4 ,:5 dry1 take a p5knife & cut a l9e ?r\gh f top to bottom4 ,scale x (f1 & reunite ! edges ) /rong glue2 !n pa/e ov] ! l9e ( junction a /rip ( pap]4 ,!n y w h a cup4 ,if x be r\gh1 cut x smoo? & use glass-pap]4 ,:5 f9i%$ x may be pa9t$ or cov]$ ) wet lea!r1 :i* c be work$ into relief4 ,or x may be made to look l ivory by ! process else:]e describ$4 ,pap] may 9 ?is process be comb9$ ) s(t lea!r rags2 z1 = in/ance1 pieces ( old gloves out ( :i* ! ?read has be5 tak51 old *amois1 bookb9d]s' clipp+s1 or ! l4 ,?is =ms effectively lea!r4 ,,c>ton-,,pi]re1 or /one-pap]1 is a v useful composition1 :i* is v fully describ$ by ,,george ,,p>l& 9 ,"w1 ,july #b1 #ahic4 ,x consi/s ( pap] scraps1 9 ! proportion ( an ord9>y wa%+ boil] or copp] "o-half full ( boil+ wat] & ab\t "o-half pap] wa/e4 ,add two p\nds ( be/ fl\r-pa/e2 also1 9 a sep>ate vessel1 a qu>t ( wat]1 into :i* spr9kle a h&ful ( f9e pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,let x /& t5 m9utes be=e mix+ x4 8,:5 ! pap] 9 ! copp] has become a f9e pulp add ! fl\r-pa/e1 keep+ ! :ole well /irr$4 ,fifte5 m9utes aft] add ! pla/]1 & a few m9utes lat] rake out ! fire f "u ! boil]4 ,h ready ?ree pails ( f9e gr\nd :it+2 p\r 9 "o pail ( :it+ & /ir up well1 add+ m :it+ till ! /ick us$ to /ir w /& ( itself 9 ! mixture4 ,let x cool1 & x w be ready = use4 8,"s firms10 writes ,mr4 ,,p>l&1 8add p[d]$ alum 9 ! boil+ process1 o!rs add "o p9t ( boil$ l9se$-oil2 b if made accord+ to ! previ\s directions1 an excell5t c>ton-pi]re w result1 :i* gives v f9e impressions f m\lds4 ,if x be ca/ 9 a pla/] m\ld1 ! latt] %\ld h two or ?ree coats ( %ellac v>ni%1 & !n be well oil$4444 ,9 us+ ! c>ton1 spr9kle "s f9e pla/] ( ,p>is on a b5*1 & tak+ a lump ( ! newly made c>ton1 mix x well ) dry pla/]1 add+ m pla/]1 z bak]s w\ld add fl\r to _! d\gh4 ,hav+ work$ x well 9 ?is way until x w n /ick to ! f+]s1 ) clean h&s roll pieces v smoo? 9 ! palms1 or on a smoo? level bo>d1 & press ea* roll into ! cavities & holl[s ( ! m\ld1 (t5 wett+ ! edges ( ! c>ton 9 ! m\ld be=e add+ a fre% piece to x4 ,! ca/s mu/ n be m ?an f an eigh? to a qu>t] ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 except at ! outside edges ( ! m\ld4444 ,! ca/s mu/ /& ab\t tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & !n be bak$ 9 n m ?an #ajj heat40 ,! read] :o is specially int]e/$ 9 papi]-m* w f9d a s]ies ( articles on ! subject 9 ,"w1 ,nos4 #c1 #f1 #ab1 #ag1 #bb1 #be4 ,pipeclay1 to :i* calc9$ magnesia1 :it+1 or b>yta may be add$ or omitt$ accord+ to ! body requir$1 may be comb9$ ) papi]-m* & glut51 su* z gum-arabic or dextr9e or fl\r-pa/e1 :i* w =m "u pressure1 or ev5 by h&-roll+1 a v h>d & f9ely gra9$ sub/ance1 :i* is specially adapt$ to pa9t+ pictures4 ,plates or tavole are sold v *eaply 9 ,flor5ce ( papi]-m*1 :i* are z h>d1 heavy1 & glossy z ebony4 ,x is n g5]ally realis$ t an exp5sive hydraulic-press or /eam-eng9e is n ne$$ by ! amateur to h>d5 papi]-m*4 ,a common bread-roll]1 pass$ _m times ov] ! mat]ial1 w "w x 8d[n & 910 q z well z direct pressure1 & v (t5 mu* bett]4 ,papi]-m* mix$ & mac]at$ ) indi>ubb] or gutta-p]*a & b5zole 7vide ,indi>ubb]7 =ms 9 _m cases a v good sub/itute = lea!r4 ,x c also be comb9$ ) flexible v>ni% to make lea!r4 ,v valuable soles c be made1 or brok5 ones repair$1 by tak+ c>d or pa/ebo>d & soak+ x 9 a hot solution ( indi>ubb]4 ,^! wat]pro($ soles1 :e!r ( c>dbo>d or lea!r1 are easily prep>$1 z easily appli$ & r5ew$1 & !y w keep ! true sole f we>+ out =ev]1 if r5ew$4 ,s+ul> z x seems1 !re are n _m p]sons :o are famili> ) ! prop]ties or texture ( s famili> a sub/ance z pap]4 ,we "k t if wett$ x gr[s s(t1 b /ill rema9s1 z x 71 knotty1 & t :5 *ew$ x does n prop]ly dissolve4 ,yet if ! read] w take a piece ( ?or\ghly wett$ pap]1 & knead or mac]ate x ) a knife = "s "t ) gum 9 solution1 he w f9d x gradually becomes a s(t pa/e1 z flexible & z capable ( m\ld+ z putty or clay4 ,?is is n ! same z papi]-m*1 :i* consi/s ( pap] m]ely wet or mix$ & boil$ ) pa/e1 & conta9s fibre & knott9ess4 ,! f9ely mac]at$ pap]1 comb9$ ) an adhesive1 is ductile1 impressionable1 sets well1 & readily receives pressure on roll+1 "u :i* x becomes extremely h>d4 ,pap] ?us completely s(t5$ is readily made into %eets1 & may be easily appli$ n only to fill up worm-holes 9 leaves & completely torn-away corn]s1 c41 b is v useful = cracks & cavities 9 wood & o!r sub/ances4 ,x may be made up ) any gums1 su* z gum-arabic1 dextr9e1 fi%-glue1 & also ) case9e1 gutta-p]*a1 v>ni%1 & mo/ ( ! sub/ances us$ 9 cem5ts4 ,pap] :5 ?us s(t5$ & mix$ )1 e4g41 f9e glue & glyc]9e1 or ) fl\r-pa/e1 c be m\ld$ & appli$ 9 ornam5tal =ms to any surface4 ,!re is ?is great diff]5ce betwe5 simply wet pap]1 h[ev] wet x may be1 & t :i* is completely s(t5$ by mac]ation4 ,! =m] is always lumpy1 ! latt] passes "u ! blade ( a knife l s(t clay or putty4 ,:5 made up ) gum1 glue1 & glyc]9e1 or /rong pa/e1 x is1 :5 dry1 l light wood1 b less brittle4 ,knead$ ) ,indi>ubb] solution & glue1 x becomes l lea!r1 & c be us$ 9 sev]al v>ieties ( repairs4 ,roll$ into %eets1 ?is composition makes v good & *eap artificial lea!r = hang+s4 ,to manufacture ^!1 spread ! composition ) a broad bru% or dabb] on a slate or m>ble table1 & :5 r dry pass ov] x a wood5 roll]4 ,"s practice is ne$$ n to roll x :5 too s(t4 ,if intaglio patt]ns are cut 9 ! roll]1 ! %eets w give !m 9 relief4 ,x is wor? not+ "h t a great _m pieces ( old hang+s sold z lea!r are really only made ( papi]-m*1 or c>ton-cuir1 & glue4 ,^! hang+s1 :e!r ( lea!r or c\nt]feit$1 c be (t5 b\ght 9 a damag$ condition v *eaply1 & c be easily re/or$ ) ?is composition1 to great pr(it4 ,:5 mix$ ) :ite lead1 or oil pa9t & glue1 s(t pap] becomes h>d] & firm]1 & "u pressure is z h>d & heavy z any wood4 ,:ite pap] ) holly wood or :ite l>* or lime-tree wood 9 p[d]1 & :ite gelat9e--bett] if bone or ivory du/ be add$1 ) a little ,naples yell[ 7oil7--=ms a beautiful cem5t4 ,x w be se5 by :at ,i h writt5 t cavities1 holes1 cracks1 & defects 9 mo/ sub/ances1 includ+ wood & lea!r1 c be p]fectly rem$i$ ) pap] 9 comb9ation ) glue1 gum1 or o!r sub/ances2 & z x is always to be obta9$1 a k ( its nature & applications _c fail to be ( value to all m5d]s & re/or]s4 ,papi]-m*1 l all sub/antial or putty-l cem5ts1 involves m\ld+ or ca/+4 ,?is subject is exhau/ively treat$ 9 ! ,voll/ndige ,anleitung zum ,=m5 und ,giess51 by ,edu>d ,uhl5hu?2 ,vi5na1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 price #cs4 ,on ! subject ( pap] consult ! ,h&bu* d] praktis*5 ,papi]-,fabrikation1 by ,dr4 ,/anislaus ,mi]z9ski1 ?ree volumes1 :i* is n only ! late/1 b by f> ! mo/ compreh5sive1 "w on ! subject ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$4 ,& "h ,i may obs]ve 9 ?is connection t if my ref]5ces h be5 *iefly to ,g]man works1 x is because1 9 ! m9or te*nical applications ( *emi/ry to ! arts1 & 9 prep>+ intelligible practical treatises on su* subjects1 ! ,g]mans h be51 especially ( late1 by f> ! fir/ nation 9 ,europe4 ,i may m5tion t s9ce writ+ ! =ego+ passages ,i pur*as$1 = a m]e trifle1 9 ,flor5ce two c>v$ heads ( ! f\rte5? c5tury 9 walnut wood4 ,!y _h suff]$ v mu* f "t & wanton abuse1 _! noses hav+ be5 hack$ (f4 ,i made a mixture ( s(t pap]-pa/e & gum-arabic1 work+ ! two ?or\ghly 9 toge!r ) a knife-blade till ! composition 0 z s(t z butt]4 ,?is ?or\gh mac]ation is ess5tial to produce a durable body4 ,) ?is ,i fill$ up ! holes1 made new noses1 & pa9t$ ! :ole ) ,v&yke br[n1 or br[n-black4 ,9 a few m9utes ! re/oration 0 complete1 & ! heads :i* _h co/ "o franc ea* are n[ wor? at lea/ ?irty francs4 ,i %\ld say t ! portions re/or$ are z h>d z ! orig9al wood4 ,x is n always an easy matt] to r$uce pap] to a p]fectly s(t pa/e1 su* z is call$ 9 ,fr5* papi]-p\rri4 ,a small quantity c be ma%$ ) a knife-blade & fl\r-pa/e or gum4 ,a l>ge quantity is prep>$ z foll[s3-- ,take clipp+s ( pap] & leave !m a long "t 9 wat]1 :i* mu/ be occasionally *ang$4 ,:5 q dissolv$ or s(t1 bray ! pap] 9 a mort>1 & f9ally boil 9 v hot wat]4 ,to give x consi/5cy1 add fl\r-pa/e or gum4 ,?is makes a v f9e cem5t1 :i* w receive ! mo/ delicate impression4 ,x is invaluable = all k9ds ( dry m5d+4 ,z ,i h %[n1 x c be appli$ to make or m5d defective leaves ( books1 to fill up worm-holes 9 leaves1 to repair draw+s & pictures on wood or canvas1 & :5 mix$ ) any gum :i* sets h>d1 to re/ore1 add to1 fill1 or imitate woodwork4 ,"u pressure & comb9$ ) diff]5t p[d]s x becomes z h>d z ebony & fire-pro(4 ,its extraord9>y value & g5]al utility are z yet v f> f be+ mu* kn[n4 ,,m5d+ ,,/one-,,"w ,,mosaics--,,c]esa-,,"w--,,porcela9 ,,or ,,crock]y ,,mosaic ,m5d+ or repair+ /one1 involv+ its imitations1 is a widely ext5d$ bran* ( te*nical sci5ce1 & "o :i* has ( late ye>s call$ =? mu* inv5tion4 ,! mo/ widely spread & anci5t means ( unit+ & repair+ ?is mat]ial is mort>1 or ! mixture ( burn$ & !n slack$ lime ) wat]4 ,lime is made mo/ commonly f lime/one or m>ble4 ,x improves 9 quality :5 c>bonate ( lime 9 organic =mation1 su* z sea-%ells1 is us$2 & !re are degrees ( excell5ce 9 ^!1 f common oy/]-%ells to o!rs ( a f9] k9d1 su* z ^? ) :i* ! brilliantly :ite & h>d *unam ( ,india is made4 ,9 c]ta9 places mort>1 :5 well made1 becomes ) age z h>d z fl9t4 ,9 ,am]ican t[ns1 :]e an?racite coal is burn$1 x rots away 9 *imneys "u ! influ5ce ( sulphur\s acid ) great rapidity4 ,9 ! ,pacific ,isl&s1 :]e lime is made f delicate small sea-%ells or coral1 & mort> is l a pa9t or enamel1 a mission>y has record$ t1 :5 he taught ! natives h[ to make x1 !y :itewa%$ ev]y?+1 ev5 to ! *ildr51 :o ?us became :ite p4 ,! misappli$ ^w ma/ic1 :i* sugge/s a gum1 ref]s to c]ta9 modifications ( mort> into :i* oil ent]s2 also ! oxides ( lead or z9c4 8,oil =ms ) ^! an insoluble soap1 :i* includes or b9ds ! o!r mat]ials1 =m+1 aft] "o mon?'s dry+1 a v h>d sub/ance10 :i* "s say is z h>d z /one1 b :i* dep5ds entirely on ! quality & comb9ation2 = ,i h se5 s-call$ ma/ic appli$ to coat+ *eaply built h\ses1 :i* crack$ or crumbl$ away l m]e pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,to ?or\ghly amalgamate ma/ics1 x is usual to put _! +r$i5ts into casks :i* are two-?irds fill$1 & !n revolv$ by ma*9]y4 ,! oil is !n add$4 ,at lea/ two days are requir$ = ! process4 ,! foll[+ recipes = ma/ics are among ! be/1 hav+ be5 approv$ by ,,lehn]4 ,x may "h be rem>k$1 once = all1 n only z reg>ds ma/ics1 b all recipes 9 ?is "w1 t unless ! mat]ials indicat$ are ( ! v be/ quality1 & ! processes be mo/ ?or\ghly c>ri$ out1 ! exp]im5t] _c expect complete success4 ,m ?an ?is1 ! exp]im5t] mu/ n be satisfi$ ) a s+le trial4 ,if e recipe c\ld be at once execut$ by e cook1 we %\ld f9d ! mo/ exquisite cook]y on e table 9 ,europe4 ,i once publi%$ ! correct recipe = mak+ objects ( a peculi> k9d ( papi]-m* h>d5$4 ,x 0 v easy to make4 ,i _h se5 specim5s ( ! w>e1 & ,i receiv$ ! recipe f ! inv5tor4 ,moreov]1 a great deal ( money _h be5 made by x4 ,h[ev]1 soon aft] ,i _h publi%$ x ,i receiv$ an indignant lett] f ! head ( a l>ge manufactur+ h\se1 /at+ t !y _h tri$ my recipe & utt]ly fail$6 ,,fr5* ,,ma/ic3-- ,qu>tz or fl9t s&1 p>ts #cjj ,p[d]$ quicklime1 0 #ajj ,li?>ge1 0 #ej ,l9se$-oil1 0 #ce ,,paget',s ,,ma/ic3-- ,fl9t s& #cae ,wa%$ *alk #aje ,:ite lead #be ,m9ium #aj ,sug> ( lead 9 solution #de ,l9se$-oil #ce ,! pa/e or 8d\gh0 ?us =m$ %\ld be gr\nd ) horizontal roll]s 9 a mill1 su* z is us$ = *ocolate1 until all ! +r$i5ts are v ?or\ghly amalgamat$4 ,a ,,v ,,good ,,cem5t ,,= ,,m5d+1 especially :]e ! objects are expos$ to wat]1 :e!r !y be ( /one or e>!nw>e1 is made z foll[s3-- ,p[d]$ glass #dj ,wa%$ li?>ge #dj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #bj ,! p[d]$ glass is prep>$ by heat+ glass r$-hot1 ca/+ x into wat]1 gr9d+ & sift+ x4 ,?is p[d] is saturat$ ) ! l9se$-oil v>ni%1 & heat$ 9 a kettle4 ,?is cem5t sets h>d 9 ?ree days4 ,,lehn] obs]ves t glass-p[d] s]ves 9 su* recipes to resi/ ! action ( acids1 c41 s9ce x =ms 9 comb9ation on ! surface a glaze ( great h>dness2 t is1 ! glass & lead =m a *emical comb9ation4 ,pulv]is$ calc9$ glass !re=e acts n z an 8indiff]5t0 b z a *emical +r$i5t4 ,,case9e1 or ,*eese1 =ms ! basis ( sev]al recipes = m5d+ /one1 z :5 !re are holes 9 a block or ! mort> has giv5 way4 ,to prep>e x = use 7,,lehn]71 we let milk /& 9 a cool place1 skimm+ away ) ! utmo/ c>e all ! cream4 ,place ?is on a filt]1 & p\r on x ra9-wat] till x is purifi$ f e trace ( lactic acid2 !n tie x 9 a clo?1 boil x 9 wat]1 & spread x on blott+-pap] 9 a w>m place1 :5 x w be a horn-l sub/ance4 ,?is w keep = a long "t4 ,to prep>e x = use1 rub x 9 a sauc] ) wat]4 ,,to ,,m5d ,,/one make ! foll[+3-- ,case9e #ab ,slack$ lime #ej ,f9e s& #ej ,ano!r recipe3-- ,boil new *eese 9 wat] till x draws out 9 ?reads1 /irr+ 9 slack$ lime & sift$ wood-a%es 9 ! foll[+ proportions3-- ,*eese #ajj ,wat] #bjj ,slack$ lime #be ,wood-a%es #bj ,?is may also be us$ to close cavities 9 trees or 9 wood4 ,a ,,*eese ,,cem5t ,,= ,,/one1 & = _m o!r purposes1 is made z foll[s4 ,x may be kept = a long "t1 & is v durable 7,,lehn]73-- ,case9e #bjj ,calc9$ lime #dj ,camphor #a ,?is mu/ be closely incorporat$ & kept well cork$4 ,:5 x is to be us$ mix x ) wat]1 & apply at once4 ,! foll[+ cem5t 0 us$ by ! ,romans especially 9 sett+ mosaics4 ,x becomes z h>d z m>ble1 & sets ) great rapidity3--,to "o qu>t ( milk add ! :ite ( five eggs1 & /ir 9 p[d]$ quicklime till a pa/e is =m$4 ,?is composition may be us$ to repair or make scagliola1 :i* is fragm5ts ( m>ble or /one emb$d$ 9 a h>d mass4 ,:5 x sets1 poli% ! surface ) rasps1 & rub d[n ) a r\gh /one1 & f9ally poli% ) m>ble du/1 & !n em]y or tripoli4 ,beautiful slabs = tables1 columns1 floors1 & walls c ?us be made4 ,x is valuable = repair+4 ,,c]esa is alli$ to ?is4 ,we make a basis ( ?is or any o!r cem5t :i* w hold firmly1 & press into ! surface p[d]$ glass1 :i* may be f9e or ( any degree ( co>s5ess4 ,co>se gra9s %9e mo/ brilliantly2 f9e p[d] is be/ adapt$ to delicate %ad+4 ,! effect is be/ :5 mosaic /ones & gold cubes are sp>+ly introduc$4 ,to make ! gold cubes1 take two small panes ( w9d[ glass1 cov] "o side ( ea* ) v>ni% or ma/ic cem5t1 lay betwe5 !m gold-leaf1 & jo9 !m4 ,v beautiful pictures c be made 9 ?is mann]4 ,nor is x at all necess>y t !y %\ld be f9ely execut$ = ord9>y decoration4 ,all t is ne$$ = ?is beautiful & little-kn[n art is ! cem5t1 a quantity ( glass or /one ( diff]5t col\rs1 & a mort> & pe/le4 ,! mosaic cubes1 ) ^? ( gold1 c be b\ght 9 ,london4 ,alli$ to ?is is an art :i* ,i believe ,i c claim to h inv5t$4 ,x consi/s ( break+ wa/e *9aw>e1 crock]y1 or fictile w>e into small squ>es or triangles1 & sett+ !m z mosaic 9 cem5t4 ,! advantage ( x is ! *eapness ( ! mat]ial1 & ! inf9ite numb] ( %ades ( col\r :i* c be select$ = x4 ,its disadvantage is1 t x w n we> z a pavem5t1 b x is p]fectly adapt$ to walls4 ,a ,,/rong1 ,,co>se ,,cem5t ,,= ,,brick ,,or ,,/one ,,"w 9 build+ is made z foll[s3-- ,slack$ lime #dj ,brick-du/ #aj ,iron fil+s #aj ,ox-blood #h ,wat] #h ,! blood is /irr$ z x comes f ! slaught]$ bea/ ) a broom = t5 m9utes to break ! fibre4 ,x %\ld !n be mix$ ) ! wat] & knead$ ) ! p[d]4 ,glue may be sub/itut$ = ! blood4 ,?is cem5t1 if prop]ly made1 sets v h>d & adhesively4 ,,= ,,tiles1 ,,bricks1 ,,or ,,composition3-- ,slack$ lime #ajj ,sift$ /one-coal a%es #ej ,/irr$ ox-blood #ae ,x may be obs]v$ t _m ( ! *eap] cem5ts c be employ$ to =m l>ge bricks by comb9ation ) brok5 /one or rubble1 gravel1 pebbles1 brickbats1 c4 ,ano!r me?od1 call$ ,,concrete1 is to make cases ( bo>ds1 & to =m a solid wall by p\r+ 9 ! mixture1 or ramm+ x d[n1 accord+ to its h>dness4 ,?us a h\se is made entirely 9 "o piece2 b its excell5ce dep5ds entirely on ! quality ( ! cem5t employ$1 & on ! c>e tak5 9 build+4 ,simple lime mort>1 if n ( a sup]ior quality1 ha/ily =m$1 z ,i h se51 is v apt to crack & break (f4 ,:]e hydraulic cem5t is *eap & good1 h\ses c be built z firm z granite4 ,a good & /rong cem5t ( ?is k9d c be made z foll[s3-- ,burn$ lime #aj ,case9e #ab ,hydraulic cem5t #cj ,! proportions may be v mu* v>i$ 9 su* cem5ts accord+ to _! price1 b g5]ally ) a satisfactory result4 ,fractures or discolorations 9 m>ble1 z 9 /atu>y1 are s p]fectly repair$ 9 ,flor5ce t ! juncture is n p]ceptible4 ,ev5 d>k spots are drill$ out4 ,! process is to drill a r\nd concave hole1 & cut ! piece to be ins]t$ s z to exactly fit z a convex plug4 ,x is !n fa/5$ 9 ) transp>5t ma/ic or o!r cle> cem5t4 ,x w be se51 on due consid]ation1 t ?is is extremely +5i\s1 because by x alone c a p]fectly tight fit be secur$4 ,by turn+ ! plug 9 ! holl[ x spe$ily gr9ds itself into an accurate plug2 s :5 ! cem5t is appli$ x c be r$uc$ to a m9imum--9 fact1 by ?is means ! l9e ( junction is r$uc$ to its f9e/ limit4 ,:]e a v /rong cem5t is ne$$ = /one-"w1 x c be prep>$ by mix+ a f9e cem5t p[d]--e4g41 ,portl& cem5t--) liquid silicate ( soda4 ,z x dries almo/ at once1 x mu/ be promptly appli$4 ,x is p>ticul>ly well adapt$ = build+ "u wat]1 s9ce x !n becomes extremely h>d4 ,be=e apply+ x sme> ! /one ) pure silicate4 ,! foll[+ is highly comm5d$ by ,,lehn]3-- ,m5d+ /atues ( gypsum or pla/] ( ,p>is is alli$ to /one-"w4 ,! brok5 edges are wa%$ ) wat] till no m is absorb$ & ! surface rema9s wet4 ,!n /ir fre% calc9$ :ite pla/] ( ,p>is ) mu* wat] to a ?9 pa/e1 & cont9ue to /ir ?is till x is cold4 ,!n rapidly pa9t ?is pa/e on ! brok5 edges1 cont9u+ to press ! two toge!r till !y set h>d4 ,x is1 says ,,lehn]1 a peculi>ity ( gypsum t :5 mix$ ) alum dissolv$ 9 wat] x takes a mu* long] "t to h>d51 b is v mu* h>d] 9 ! end4 ,?us1 if we let ! p[d]$ gypsum lie = tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 alum-wat]1 dry x1 & !n calc9e x aga91 ! p[d] :5 mix$ ) wat] sets to a /one z h>d z m>ble4 ,pla/] ( ,p>is & alum1 comb9$ ) ! f9e p[d] ( calc9$ glass1 =m a v h>d & durable cem5t1 ( v g5]al utility 9 all m5d+ ( /one-"w4 ,= an exhau/ive "w on ! subject ( n only m5d+ /one-"w1 b also ( mak+ artificial /one & _m cem5ts1 z well z comb9+ & adapt+ to use pap]1 cellulose1 sawdu/ & %av+s1 gypsum1 *alk1 glue1 c41 includ+ n only anci5t b also ! mo/ rec5t recipes1 consult ,die ,fabrikation kn/li*] pla/is*] ,mass51 by ,johannes ,h(]2 ,leipzig1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 price #ds4 ,,repair+ ,,ivory ,works ( art 9 c>v$ ivory or bone are v valuable :5 p]fect1 yet :5 brok5 or defective !y may v (t5 be pur*as$ = a trifle4 ,yet ! process ( m5d+ !m or re/or+ ! miss+ portions is n difficult4 ,! fir/ ?+ to consid] is ! col\r4 ,:5 old ivory has only acquir$ a delicate hue1 z ( ,naples yell[1 ?is adds to its attractiv5ess2 nor are ! br[ni% %ad[s & m>ks :i* ga!r 9 ! angles ( ! reliefs repulsive4 ,^! may be left unt\*$1 & ev5 imitat$4 ,b a great deal ( old ivory becomes ( blacki% bi/re1 or ( a dirty1 spott$ br[n or neutral t9t1 :i* has no?+ 9 common ) arti/ic effect1 & sugge/s1 l old slums 9 cities1 m t is repulsive ?an picturesque4 ,to clean su* pieces1 dissolve rock-alum 9 ra9-wat] till x is :ite or =ms a full saturation4 ,boil ?is1 & keep ! ivory 9 ! boil+ solution = ab\t an h\r1 tak+ x out f "t to "t & clean+ x ) a s(t bru%4 ,!n let x dry 9 a damp l95 or musl9 rag2 x w !n be clean$4 ,ivory is (t5 blea*$ by ! simple process ( damp+1 or wip+ x ) wat] & !n expos+ x to ! rays ( ! sun2 :i* mu/1 h[ev]1 be frequ5tly repeat$4 ,accord+ to ,,lehn]1 ! only p]fect & c]ta9 process by :i* any ivory c be clean$ is to /eep ! article = "s "t 9 e!r or b5zole1 9 ord] to extract any fatty matt]1 !n to wa% x 9 wat]1 & f9ally keep x 9 sup]-oxide ( hydrog5 7,wass]/(f1 sup]-oxide7 till x is blea*$1 aft] :i* wa% aga9 9 wat]4 ,,to ,,supply ,,miss+ ,,portions4--,take ivory-du/1 su* z c be b\ght ( e ivory-turn]1 sift x to an impalpable p[d]1 or else levigate or gr9d x d[n "u wat] z f9e z fl\r 9 a mort>4 ,!n comb9e ?is ) gum arabic1 9 alum solution1 or ! silicate ( pota%4 ,egg-%ells1 levigat$1 may be sub/itut$ = ! ivory-du/1 & are ev5 less likely to turn grey2 & v f9e :ite glue or gelat9e ( ! cle>e/ k9d may be sub/itut$ = ! gum-arabic4 ,,l\is ,,edg> ,,&,s1 9 8 able "w on ,ivory1 ,horn1 ,"m-(-,pe>l1 & ,tortoise-%ell1 expla9s a process mu* l t already describ$4 ,accord+ to him1 take f9ely p[d]$ bone 7or ivory-du/71 comb9e x ) :ite ( eggs1 & ! result w be an int5sely h>d sub/ance1 :i* c be turn$ or c>v$ l ivory4 ,to p]fect ?is ! mass %\ld be subject$ to a heat ( f #ej to #fj c5tigrade1 & !n to /rong pressure4 ,gelat9e or be/ glue1 ) glyc]9e1 is q z good z ! :ite ( eggs1 & x may to advantage be comb9$ ) ! latt]4 ,hav+ v ?or\ghly mix$ ! composition1 take ! brok5 ivory article1 repair ! miss+ portions1 & fill ! cavities ) ! pa/e4 ,?\gh n equal to celluloid z an imitation ( new & fre% ivory1 ?is cem5t is v mu* l old bone & ivory1 & aft] a little exp]im5t+ ! arti/ic amateur may succe$ 9 s bl5d+ ! b9d] or adhesive ) ! du/ z to take ca/s :i* are almo/ p]fect imitations ( ! orig9als4 ,b let x be obs]v$ 9 ?is1 z 9 ev]y?+1 "o mu/ n expect p]fect success at a fir/ trial1 z too _m d4 ,:5 ! pa/e is dry1 smoo? ! surface ) a %>p cutt]1 s z to remove any small projections1 & !n poli% x1 fir/ ) f9e em]y or tripoli1 !n ) a burni%]1 f9ally by h&4 ,if y h1 = example1 an old flat plate ( ivory1 l "o ( ! f\rte5? c5tury n[ be=e me1 :i* ,i b\ght = a m]e trifle because x 0 brok51 lay x 9 an exactly fitt+ box--a /rip ( t9 9 a squ>e w answ]--& fill 9 ! vacancy4 ,! miss+ ornam5t on ! upp] side c be c>v$1 or ev5 suppli$ f a h>d5$ /amp or m\ld ( roll$ s(t bread-crumb4 ,?is bread-crumb c be made v h>d by admixture ) a v little nitric acid & wat]4 ,imitation me]s*aum pipes1 :i* are r l ivory or bone1 are made f ?is composition by pressure4 ,i may "h m5tion t ?is ivory or bone cem5t1 :i* is little kn[n1 is admirably adapt$ to repair brok5 inlay+4 ,!re 0 9 ,flor5ce1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 an ext5sive manufacture ( delicate bas-reliefs = small caskets f lime & rice1 :i* greatly resembl$ bone or ivory4 ,x 0 extremely durable1 probably f be+ extremely well work$4 ,specim5s ( x br+ a high price4 ,a v slight infusion ( ,naples yell[1 to :i* a suspicion ( br[n1 r$uc$ 9 ,*9ese :ite1 has be5 add$1 gives to ! pa/e an old-ivory col\r4 ,! corn]s & outl9es may be %ad$ 9 ,v&yke br[n4 ,be=e attempt+ to glue or ma/ic fractur$ ivories1 !y %\ld always be wa%$ 9 ! alum solution1 else !y w (t5 refuse to adh]e4 ,:5 !re is a little addition ( :it+ & a little oil1 v well work$ into ! ivory pa/e1 & x is all[$ to dry ?or\ghly1 x may be cut or c>v$ into any %ape4 ,ivory or bone :5 v old becomes brittle or crumbl+ & falls to p[d]1 because c]ta9 organic sub/ances dry out ( x1 leav+ *iefly lime z _! residue4 ,:5 ! ivories f ,n9eveh 7 br\ght to ! ,briti% ,museum ! celebrat$ ,sir ,joseph ,hook] sugge/$ t !y %\ld be /eep$ 9 gelat9e4 ,?is effect$ a p]fect re/oration4 ,:5 a case occurs 9 :i* an ivory article1 a bone1 or skull is s fragile t x w n be> ! slighte/ t\* )\t fall+ to du/1 x may (t5 be sav$ by g5tly spray+ on x wat] 9 :i* gelat9e or glue has be5 dissolv$4 ,z ! glue may be made by boil+ old gloves1 & z a spray c be easily improvis$1 x w be se5 t excavators & op5]s ( anci5t tombs might by ?is means save ?\s&s ( curi\s relics :i* are all[$ to p]i%4 ,z x is c]ta9ly a species ( m5d+ or ( re/oration1 x is 9 place 9 ?is "w4 ,?is is especially to be desir$ z to skulls ( ! e>lie/ ages1 :i* are ( ine/imable value1 ( :i* we h s v few1 & ( :i* ?\s&s h p]i%$ :i* might h be5 pres]v$ 9 ! mann] :i* ,i h indicat$4 ,sprays = spread+ p]fume or m$icat$ liquids1 :i* c be adapt$ to ?9 liquid glue1 may be _h ( all *emi/s4 ,b we c effect ! purpose bett] by tak+ a too?-bru%1 or any bru% ( ! k9d1 wett+1 & !n draw+ x ov] a dull edge ( a knife or a /rip ( t94 ,accord+ to ,j4 ,c4 ,,wiegleb1 a ,fr5*man 9 8 "t receiv$ a v l>ge p5sion = ?is inv5tion1 :i* 0 appli$ to spray+ pa/els4 ,! ,romans made a spray1 v imp]fectly1 by sudd5ly squeez+ or ?r[+ liquids f a sponge4 ,ivory h&les to knives & =ks1 :5 loose1 c be be/ reset by fir/ p\r+ 9 a little /rong v9eg>4 ,:5 dry use acidulat$ glue4 ,a common recipe = ?is purpose is ! foll[+3-- ,res9 7colophonium7 #bj p>ts ,sulphur #e 0 ,iron fil+s #h 0 ,heat1 & use :ile s(t4 ,9 repair+ ivory x is (t5 necess>y to /a9 x ( diff]5t col\rs4 ,mo/ ( ! old works on recipes conta9 directions = ?is4 ,9 t ( ,,ris ,,paquot !y are giv5 z foll[s3-- ,fir/ prep>e a mixture ( copp] fil+s1 rock-alum1 & ,roman vitriol4 ,boil x1 let x be = six days1 !n add a little rock-alum4 ,! piece ( ivory to be dy$ is kept 9 ?is solution = half an-h\r4 ,to dye ,r$4--,boil logwood *ips or co*9eal 9 wat]2 :5 hot add lead dross 7c5dre gravele7 ab\t #be grammes1 keep x 9 ! fire till ! col\r has tak51 !n add rock-alum4 ,?is is /ra9$ ?r\gh l951 & ! ivory to be dy$ is put into ?is liquor4 ,gre54--,take "o qu>t ( lye made f v9e-a%es 7c5dre de s>m5t71 #g grammes ( p[d]$ v]digris1 a h&ful ( common salt1 ) a little alum4 ,boil x to "o-half2 z soon z x is tak5 f ! fire place ! ivory 9 x1 & leave x till prop]ly col\r$4 ,blue4--,dissolve indigo & pota% 9 wat]1 & !n mix ?is ) a qu>t ( v9e-a% lye4 ,black4--,boil ! ivory 9 ! foll[+ composition3--,v9eg>1 #ejj grammes2 gall-nuts pulv]is$1 #ab grammes2 nut-%ells1 #ab grammes4 ,boil d[n to "o-half4 ,^! are all v /rong dyes1 :i* may be us$ = o!r sub/ances4 8,ivory c be s(t5$ & made almo/ pla/ic by soak+ 9 phosphoric acid4 ,:5 wa%$ ) wat]1 press$1 & dri$1 x w rega9 its =m] consi/5cy40 ,ivory-du/ ?us treat$ c be really r5d]$ pla/ic4 ,! process requires c>e4 ,9 ! ,magia ,naturalis ( ,,hildebr&1 a "w ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 we are told t ivory c be imitat$ or repair$ ) a cem5t made ( p[d]$ egg-%ells1 gum-arabic 9 solution1 & ! :ite ( eggs4 ,dry x 9 ! sun4 ,alli$ to ivory is ,horn4 ,de]-horn 0 frequ5tly us$ z a mat]ial :5ce to make a sub/ance :i* 0 m\ld$ into _m =ms4 ,= ?is purpose ! h>de/ "p ( ! horns 0 select$ & fil$ or p[d]$1 & !n boil$ 9 /rong pota% lye4 ,?us x became a pa/e1 :i* 0 promptly press$ into m\lds4 ,:5 dry ! figures 7 c>efully poli%$4 ,ox-horn c be treat$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,:5 crack$1 c>v$ horns or p[d]-flasks c be m5d$ ) ?is pa/e2 also ) ma/ic & :it+4 ,horn 9 a s(t /ate is easily col\r$ by mix+ ) x any dye4#c ,x has be5 rec5tly compla9$ 9 a lead+ review1 9 an article on sales ( anci5t works ( art1 t imitations ( antique works ( ivory are n[ c>ri$ to su* p]fection t ev5 ! le>n$ 9 su* matt]s h be5 deceiv$4 ,?is is p]fectly true1 & !re=e x is ! great] pity t su* imitation1 :i* is n necess>ily v exp5sive1 _c be ext5d$ to our great museums1 ! weal?ie/ ( :i* ?us f> seldom get beyond r\gh1 pla9 pla/]-ca/s to make duplicates ( ivory-"w4 ,! arti/s 9 imitation seem to be entirely 9 ! employ ( ! p :o delib]ately sell c\nt]feits = g5u9e relics ( antiquity4 ,b1 z ,m>t9 ,lu!r or "s "o once rem>k$ 9 ref]5ce to adapt+ hymns to popul> airs1 8,!re 0 no reason :y ! devil %\ld keep all ! good tunes to himself10 s is !re none :y duplicates ( ?\s&s ( exquisite works 9 ivory1 bone1 & horn %\ld n be bett] kn[n to ! _w4 ,x is possible t1 to ! _w at l>ge1 !re is little real int]e/ 9 su* works2 b int]e/ w come 9 "t ) famili>ity4 ,apropos to ivory1 or horn1 !re is a process ( apply+ an imitation ( !m to any k9d ( surface1 :i* is1 :5 execut$ ) skill1 rem>kably effective4 ,x is *iefly execut$ 9 ,vi5na1 :]e x is appli$ to lea!r1 pla/] ( ,p>is1 wood1 & wall-pap]4 ,) v>iations1 x is ess5tially z foll[s3-- ,cov] ! gr\nd ) flexible v>ni%1 !n pa9t ov] ?is ) light ,naples yell[1 graduat$ z nicely to "s old ivory model z possible4 ,x is be/ n to h x all too uni=mly ( "o tone1 s9ce old "w (t5 has its %ades4 ,! object "h ne$ n be to ape or copy old "w1 b to cat* :at is beautiful 9 x4 ,!n fill 9 ! outl9es ( ! patt]n1 & ! dots & irregul>ities ne> x1 or any:]e1 ) br[n m or less d>k4 ,= ?is1 /udy old ivory4 ,!n v>ni% ) ,,soehn,e1 ,no4 #c4 ,a great deal dep5ds on ! quality ( ?is second coat4 ,f9ally rub d[n v ?or\ghly ) *amois & h&1 & repeat ! process m ?an once if y want x v mu* l ivory4 ,v extraord9>y & p]fect imitations ( ivory1 bone1 worn & glossy p>*m5t & br[n lea!r1 wood1 m>ble--9 %ort1 ( any k9d ( "w ( art :i* has be5 rubb$ & worn smoo? by h& dur+ c5turies1 c be made by ?is process ( ivory+ ) alt]nate lay]s ( v>ni%1 col\r1 v>ni%1 & s on4 ,:5 !re is no relief ! pa9t itself c be work$ ) :eel & trac]1 & !n repa9t$ & v>ni%$4 ,?is is a v beautiful art1 specially applicable to book-cov]s1 & (t5 useful 9 repair+ old "w4 ,i w\ld "h repeat :at ,i said1 t ! object ( imitat+ effects 9 old works ( art1 or 9 o!r k9ds ( art--:i* is s /aun*ly repudiat$ by m]e artisans :o !mselves are g5]ally only imitators ( ! designs ( o!rs--is n to make c\nt]feits1 b to take f age or art beautiful effects1 h[ev] produc$1 & apply !m to "w4 ,^? :o are too consci5ti\s to execute /5cill+ on a wall1 or to use m\lds = lea!r-"w1 w\ld d well to fir/ consid] :e!r !y "k en\gh to design a really good or admirable /5cil1 or an excell5t m\ld1 = x is 9 ! g5ius :i* orig9ates & executes1 n 9 ! m]e means1 tools1 & mat]ials employ$1 t art consi/s4 ,art does n dep5d 9 ! lea/ on ei!r mak+ skill difficult or 9 r5d]+ its me?ods easy2 x displays skill1 b scorns ! ,*9ese /&>d ( m]e indu/ry4 ,an arti/ l ,,alb]t ,d,,r] w\ld nev] h prid$ himself on only us+ c]ta9 tools z be+ 8arti/ic20 he w\ld1 h[ev]1 h made designs :i* w\ld h =c$ orig9ality & art into a photograph4 ,!re are m>vell\s effects ( corrugation 9 anci5t walls1 plays ( light & %ade & col\r & poli% 9 rock & /r& & heaps ( a%es1 :i* ,,leon>do ,,da ,,v9ci knew h[ to cat* & transf] to diff]5t subjects1 & at :i* p]haps ! artisans ( 8 "t sne]$ z 8n arti/ic40 ,age1 :i* gives a c]ta9 exquisite *>m to w9e & words ( wisdom1 has done ! same to all mat]ial ?+s1 ( :i*1 inde$1 x may be /rangely said t :]ev] x does n de/roy a *>m x conf]s "o1 l moonlight1 :i* r5d]s nightly %ad[s m t]rible or else m beautiful4 ,x is to be regrett$ t ?is pr9ciple1 :i* is a v important "o1 is b little und]/ood4 ,! manufactur]s ( all decorative art "w at pres5t endeav\r )\t exception to make ev]y?+ />+ly1 cruelly br& new1 or else a m]e copy ( old "w4 ,:at !y ne$ is to draw1 z ,,rembr&t did1 f age s mu* ( its peculi> *>m z is adaptable to mod]n "w4 ,i h introduc$ ^! rem>ks because ! m5d] & re/or] ( old ivories & bookb9d+s & pictures1 if he reg>ds 8 occupation z an art--:i* x really is--is peculi>ly adapt$ to fully appreciate !m4 ,re/or+1 l copy+1 leads to creat+ new "w4 ,i ?9k t any p]son ( ord9>y intellig5ce c1 ) zeal & application1 le>n to m5d any?+ z describ$ 9 ?is "w1 & f su* m5d+ x is mu* easi] to le>n to make works ( m9or art4 8,%ort ! /ep f s5ator to pode/--%ort] ! /ep f pode/ to k+40 ,a great m]it & peculi>ity ( ivory1 z ( horn1 is t x is t\gh & ela/ic1 z well z ( a beautiful transp>5t or diaphan\s quality4 ,^! *>act]i/ics h1 ) ! exception ( its gra9+ or texture1 be5 well imitat$ ?us f> only 9 celluloid1 :i* is un=tunately too exp5sive = v g5]al use1 &1 :at is worse1 too liable to de/ruction4 ,i1 h[ev]1 confid5tly anticipate t ere long "s sub/ance w be discov]$ mu* sup]ior to celluloid z a sub/itute1 & probably mu* *eap] & less p]i%able4 ,to celluloid ,i may1 h[ev]1 add ! sulphurett$ prep>ations ( ca\t*\c & gutta-p]*a1 kn[n z vulcanite or ebonite4 ,^! are inde$ h>d1 t\gh1 & ela/ic to p]fection1 b v d>k & opaque4 ,,lehn]1 9 8 "w ,die ,imitation51 obs]ves t imitations ( ivory mu/ be v>i$ to suit ! col\r & quality ( orig9als4 ,?is requires a /udy1 fir/ly1 ( ! adhesive or glue :i* is to be us$4 ,?is1 :5 col\rless1 is kn[n z ,fr5* gelat9e1 & is v exp5sive4 ,9 lieu !re( ! exp]im5t] may take be/ :ite ,salisbury glue or gum-arabic prep>$ ) alum-wat]4 ,secondly1 ! body1 :i* may be ( c>bonate ( magnesia1 c>bonate ( lime1 su* z p[d]$ m>ble1 sulphurett$ lime1 or p[d]$ gypsum1 *alk1 />*1 or fl\r1 :ite oxide ( t91 z9c1 sulphate ( b>ytes or ,*9ese :ite1 :ite oxide ( lead4 ,9 comb9+1 e4g41 magnesia ) ! glue1 an addition ( t5 p] c5t4 ( glyc]9e gives ela/icity & a horn-l cle>ness4 ,to h>d5 artificial ivory made ) glue1 ! objects are dipp$ into /rong solution ( alum or tann9 = ab\t f\r m9utes4 ,! tann9 is be/ made f gall-apples4 ,objects ?us made h an antique ivory1 yell[i% hue4 ,r$ *rome alkali may be us$ 9 solution ) wat] in/ead ( tann91 b x gives a /rong] yell[4 ,accord+ to ,,hyatt',s pat5t1 artificial ivory is made by comb9+ a syrup made ( eight p>ts %ellac & ?ree p>ts ( ammoniac ) =ty ( ! oxide ( z9c4 ,?is is heat$ & subject$ to pressure4 ,,celluloid is ! be/ mat]ial = mak+ artificial ivory4 ,x is made by ! comb9ation ( cellulose or vegetable fibre 9 ! =m ( cotton-wool treat$ ) acid2 t is to say1 gun-cotton & camphor4 ,x is sold 9 ?9 leaves1 c41 :i* c be s(t5$ at f #ajj to #abe c5tigrade1 s z to be m\ld$ to any =m4 ,by infusion ( col\r+ matt]1 su* z oxide ( z9c1 c9nab>1 c41 celluloid is made to resemble ivory1 coral1 or tortoise-%ell4 ,x has (t5 be5 appli$ to mak+ a p]fect imitation ( ,flor5t9e mosaic1 & ( c\rse s]ves admirably to repair su* "w :5 brok54 ,a v /rong cem5t = ivory1 bone1 or f9e wood is made by boil+ transp>5t gelat9e 9 wat] to a ?ick mass4 ,add to ?is gum-ma/ic dissolv$ 9 alcohol1 ?is solution be+ "o-f\r?1 & /ir into x pure :ite oxide ( z9c till x =ms a fluid l honey4 ,?is is also ( itself an artificial ivory1 :5 prep>$ & dri$ 9 ! mass4 ,ano!r c be made by comb9+ diamond cem5t 7vide ,glass7 ) p[d]$ ivory & a little glyc]9e4 ,also ) ! same1 or v /rong :ite glue & p[d]$ egg-%ells1 :i* latt] %\ld h be5 boil$4 ,also :ite ( egg1 gum-arabic1 a v little /rong v9eg>1 & levigat$ egg-%ells4 ,ano!r recipe = su* m5d+ or mak+ ( ivory & simil> sub/ances is to take s(t & v :ite pap] 9 pulp1 comb9$ ) cotton-wool1 treat$ ) v dilute acid or /rong v9eg>4 ,to ?is add p[d]$ egg-%ells1 made into pa/e ) a little glyc]9e2 amalgamate ?is ) ! pap] & cotton mixture z ?or\ghly z possible1 & submit to /rong pressure or roll+4 ,,cellulose 9 any =m1 :e!r made f cotton1 l951 wood1 or o!r vegetable fibr\s sub/ance1 af=ds a basis :i* c be treat$ ) dilute acid to produce a horny or p>*m5t-l sub/ance4 ,a modification ( ?is is se5 9 mak+ celluloid ) camphor4 ,^! modifi$ =ms ( organic creation c be comb9$ ) o!r organic sub/ances or m9]als 9 great v>iety4 ,?us glyc]9e1 & at times oil ( diff]5t k9ds1 9 su* admixtures conf]s ela/icity1 or a diaphan\s appe>ance2 ivory-du/ has an aff9ity = oil & glue2 & ^! all comb9e ) p>*m5t1 boil$ ivory-du/1 & fibr9e or cellulose4 ,c]ta9 m>9e plants1 su* z kelp1 yield a fibr\s sub/ance :i* has v peculi> qualities1 & :i* admits ( +5i\s comb9ation4 ,c]ta9 exp]im5ts & obs]vations conv9ce me t !re is "h a va/ field1 z yet unexplor$1 9 :i* sci5ce w yet make discov]ies & af=d valuable contributions to te*nology4 ,! read] :o is specially int]e/$ 9 ?is subject may consult to advantage ,die ,v]>beitung des ,hornes1 ,elf5be9es1 ,s*ildpatts und d] ,p]l5mutt]1 c41 von ,l\is ,edg> ,&s2 ,vi5na1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 price #cs4 ,,repair+ ,,amb] ,,h[ ,,to ,,p]fectly ,,re-,,jo9 ,,brok5 ,,amb]1 ,,& ,,to ,,imitate ,,x--,,h[ ,,to ,,melt ,,amb] ,,9 ,,fragm5ts ,,to ,a ,,s+le ,,body ,amb] has be5 admir$ 9 all ages & ev]y:]e f its exquisite col\r & semi-transp>5cy4 ,_m sup]/itions 7 atta*$ to x1 & _m /ill believe t to c>ry a bead made f x is good = ! eyesight4 ,x is pr9cipally f\nd on ! ,prussian coa/1 (f ! ,g]man ,ocean1 b is also pick$ up 9 consid]able quantities on ! ,engli% %ore4 ,x is ! gum or res9 ( a n[ ext9ct species ( p9e1 :i* 0 probably mu* l t 9 ,new ,zeal&1 :i* produces ! gum kauri1 :i* s mu* resembles amb]4 ,"s amb] is yell[ & cle> l lemon-c&y4 ,?is is ext5sively imitat$ = cig>-hold]s & pipe-m\?pieces1 beads1 c4 ,!n !re is ! cl\d$1 v>y+ f :ite to /raw-col\r1 & ! beautiful gold5-br[n1 :i* appe>s s ri* 9 sunlight2 also ! d>k-br[n & black4 ,^! d>k-br[n amb]s are g5]ally se5 9 old ornam5ts1 & are ( a k9d :i* is dug out ( ! e>?4 ,light amb] c be d>k5$ to br[n by an artificial process4 ,gum copal1 :i* comes f ,africa1 mu* resembles amb]1 b is less beautiful & m brittle4 ,gum kauri1 f ,new ,zeal&1 is v mu* l x4 ,bo? are us$ to imitate amb]4 ,!re are n _m :o "k h[ to m5d amb] :5 brok54 ,i am assur$ t ! foll[+ is a tru/wor?y me?od3--,w>m ! pieces1 damp5 !m ) cau/ic pota% 7tz-kali71 & !n press !m toge!r4 ,:5 well done ! jo9+ w n be p]ceptible4 ,x is said t by ?is process small pieces ( amb]1 amb]-du/1 c41 c be made into blocks4 ,9 imitat+ amb]1 ! be/ pieces ( copal are pick$ out1 put into an air-tight vessel1 & dissolv$ 9 petroleum1 sulphuric e!r1 or b5zole4 ,aft] be+ dri$ 9 blocks ?is is submitt$ to a great pressure4 ,z x dries ! pressure is increas$4 ,x occurr$ to me _m ye>s ago t ! prop] way to unite copal to a t\gh body l amb] w\ld be to use a t\gh or flexible v>ni% z a b9d+ m$ium4 ,i f9d by ! "w ( ,,lehn] on ,imitations t he has v]ifi$ ?is by exp]im5t4 ,:at is also important is1 t ! process ( h>d5+ by pressure is by ?is means v mu* facilitat$4 ,i %\ld judge1 by all *emical laws1 t a v>ni% infus$ ) glyc]9e 9 comb9ation ) copal1 kauri1 or amb]-du/ w\ld1 ev5 )\t pressure1 =m 9 "t a sub/ance q z h>d z amb]1 & mu* less brittle4 ,x is to be desir$ t "s te*ni/ w\ld exp]im5t on a v>iety ( gums 9 ?is mann]1 & ?us fix or r5d] p]man5t _! beauty4 ,!re is a wide field "h to be work$4 ,! subject ( me]s*aum & amb] is fully treat$ 9 a "w entitl$ ,die ,me]s*aum- und ,b]n/e9-,fabrikation51 von ,g4 ,m4 ,rauf]2 ,vi5na1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 #b m>ks4 ,i may add t c>v+ amb] is a v elegant art1 yield+ beautiful results4 ,i h kn[n a "y lady1 ! late ,miss ,ca!r9e ,l4 ,bay>d1 :o excell$ 9 x4 ,x is effect$ *iefly ) f9e files & em]y or glass pap]1 z1 ow+ to its extremely brittle nature1 !re is mu* risk = any save exp]ts to use cutt+ tools4 ,amb] is a v exp5sive mat]ial1 b objects made f x are ( m ?an proportionate value4 ,^? :o w\ld practise c>v+ x %\ld beg9 ) pieces ( copal4 ,z ,i h already expla9$1 small fragm5ts & ! du/ ( bo? amb] & copal c be melt$ & comb9$ ) cle> turp5t9e into l>ge masses1 :i* are ev5 t\gh] ?an ! native gums4 ,an inf]ior1 b /ill v pretty1 imitation ( amb] c be made by comb9+ almo/ any gum prop]ly cl>ifi$ & col\r$2 z1 = in/ance1 gum-arabic or dextr9e ) gelat9e 7be/ quality :ite7 & glyc]9e4 ,if ?or\ghly well comb9$ & dri$1 ?is w we> z well z amb]4 ,"s ( ! gums ( fruit-trees--e4g41 ( ! pea* & *]ry--are v beautifully col\r$ & cle>1 & seem to be admirably adapt$ to be h>d5$ by ! same process4 ,!y occur v frequ5tly 9 old books ( recipes z adhesives or cem5ts4 ,p]fectly cle> glue or gelat9e ) glyc]9e & transp>5t dyes =m an excell5t imitation = beads4 ,,indi>ubb] ,,& ,,gutta-,,p]*a ,,m5d+ ,,indi>ubb] ,,%oes ,,& ,,mak+ ,,g>m5ts ,,wat]pro(1 ,,) ,,o!r ,,applications ,indi>ubb] or gutta-p]*a ent]s into s _m famili> & useful objects t !re are few p :o w\ld n l to "k h[ to repair !m :5 injur$4 ,l ! brittle or non-ela/ic gums1 ca\t*\c 7) :i* ,i include ! ne>ly alli$ gutta-p]*a7 is greatly modifi$ by admixture ) c]ta9 pulv]is$ sub/ances1 :i* =m ) x a p>tly me*anical1 p>tly *emical1 comb9ation4 ,^? :o w\ld ?or\ghly /udy ! subject 9 all its relations may consult ,kauts*uk 7,ca\t*\c7 und ,guttap]*a1 von ,raimund ,h(f]2 ,wi51 #ahib1 ,h>tleb54 ,ca\t*\c is p>tially soluble 9 c>burett$ sulphur1 e!r1 pure petroleum1 or b5zole1 b gutta-p]*a is p]fectly s4 ,9 ?is /ate x may be appli$ z a v>ni% or coat+ = repairs1 z x h>d5s by exposure to ! air4 ,:5 mix$ ) sulphur & expos$ to a heat ( #aaj to #aae c5tigrade1 gutta-p]*a becomes :at is call$ 8vulcanis$10 assum+ a v light grey col\r1 is m ela/ic1 & reta9s ?is ela/icity at a mu* l[] grade ?an be=e4 ,:5 ! heat is rais$ to 7maximum7 #ahj ! mass becomes v h>d1 t\gh1 & black1 or l horn4 ,! conditions ( its t\ghness1 ela/icity1 & h>dness dep5d ^u ! am\nt ( sulphur us$2 z 9 o!r comb9ations1 ! h>d] ! mat]ial becomes ! less ela/ic x is--t is1 ! m brittle4 ,,ebonite is extremely h>d5$ ca\t*\c4 ,x is fir/ treat$ ) *lor9e1 wa%$ ) sulphate ( soda infus$ 9 wat]1 & f9ally mix$ ) h>d5+ sub/ances & submitt$ to sev]e pressure4 ,z indi>ubb] or 8gum0 %oes are 9 g5]al use1 mo/ p w\ld consid] !m ! prop] objects to beg9 )4 ,to d ?is1 fir/ make two sep>ate prep>ations z foll[s3 ,i4 ,ca\t*\c #aj ,*lor(orm #bhj ,,ii4 ,ca\t*\c #aj ,res9 #d ,turp5t9e #b ,oil ( turp5t9e #dj ,no4 ,i4 is simply kept = a "t 9 a bottle or tightly clos$ j> by itself4 ,no4 ,,ii4 is made by cutt+ ! gum v f9e1 mix+ x ) ! res91 !n add+ ! turp5t9e1 & f9ally dissolv+ ! :ole 9 ! oil ( turp5t9e4 ,!n comb9e ,i4 & ,,ii4 ,to repair ! %oe1 take a l95 pat*1 /eep x 9 ! mixture1 & place x ov] ! r5t4 ,:5 ?is is dry apply "o or m coats4 ,x may be obs]v$ t ?is prep>ation may be us$ n only = indi>ubb] %oes1 b _m o!r objects4 ,appli$ to ! soles ( lea!r boots1 & !n heat$ 91 repeat+ ! process a few times1 !y become p]fectly wat]pro(4 ,?is is bett] :5 ! %oemak] makes a coat+ ( x betwe5 ! two soles4 ,i h te/$ ?is (t54 ,! inn] sole may be made by simply dissolv+ ! indi>ubb] 9 b5zole or e!r4 ,a solution = ord9>y repair+ c be made by simply /eep+ ! indi>ubb] 9 b5z9e4 ,r5ts or holes 9 ord9>y lea!r %oes or o!r objects c be v well repair$ 9 ?is way4 ,a piece ( lea!r c 9 ?is case be sub/itut$ = ! l95 rag4 ,boots or %oes :i* w be v mu* expos$ to wet %\ld be w>m$ & !n soak$ or p]meat$ ) a solution ( indi>ubb]4 ,prep>ations = ! purpose c be b\ght ( all deal]s 9 gum & gutta-p]*a4 ,clo? is g5]ally wat]pro($ by /eep+ x 9 a slight solution ( ca\t*\c4 ,ano!r recipe 7,,lehn]7 is z foll[s3-- ,ca\t*\c #aej ,tall[ #aj ,slack$ lime #aj ,?is is us$ to cork or close bottles4 ,to r5d] x m resi/ant1 sub/itute pipeclay = ! lime4 ,or if 9 place ( ei!r we use r$ oxide ( lead1 x w =m 9 "t an extremely h>d & p]fectly wat]pro( cem5t ( great value4 ,a ,,/rong ,,indi>ubb] ,,cem5t3-- ,ca\t*\c1 ab\t #ij ,pulv]is$ sulphur #aj ,or f #f to #ab ( ! latt]4 ,?is is specially comm5d$ z useful to close t9s conta9+ fruits1 c4 ,x is simply vulcanis$ indi>ubb]4 ,,m>9e ,,glue is a v valuable & g5]ally useful cem5t4 ,x is s call$ because1 be+ p]fectly wat]pro(1 x is us$ = _m purposes 9 %ips4 ,x is applicable n only to repair+ indi>ubb] or gutta-p]*a g>m5ts1 b also to objects ( metal1 wood1 glass1 /one1 pap]1 or clo?2 z1 = in/ance1 umbrellas1 on :i*1 :5 torn1 a pat* or /rip ( silk or musl9 may be gumm$1 :i* w la/ z long z ! re/4 ,x is also good = wat]pro(+ %oes4 ,x is sold by deal]s 9 %ips' /ores1 *emi/s1 & o!rs4 8,x is a good ?+ to h 9 ! c\ntry40 ,,h>d ,,m>9e ,,glue3-- ,ca\t*\c #aj ,rectifi$ petroleum #abj ,asphalt #bj ,to prep>e ?is1 ! ca\t*\c %\ld be hung 9 a l95 bag 9 a cask ) a v l>ge bung1 or 9 a l>ge j>1 s t ! bag %all be only half imm]s$4 ,?is is kept 9 a w>m place = f t5 to f\rte5 days1 till ! solution is effect$4 ,!n ! asphaltum may be melt$ 9 an iron kettle4 ,let ! rubb] solution sl[ly run into ! kettle ov] a g5tle heat1 & /ir 9 ! "o to ! o!r till ! mass is ?or\ghly pres]v$ are put 9 ! bag2 ! edge is !n turn$ incorporat$4 ,:5 ?is is effect$ p\r ! mixture into m\lds :i* h be5 oil$ to prev5t adhesion4 ,! result is d>k br[n or black ?9 cakes1 :i* are brok5 ) difficulty4 ,! excell5ce ( ?is cem5t is some:at c\nt]act$ by ! difficulty or c>e :i* mu/ be obs]v$ 9 us+ x4 ,to d ?is1 put ! vessel 9 :i* x is to be melt$ 9 ano!r or a balneum m>i1 z = glue1 fill$ ) boil+ wat]4 ,:5 fluid take ! kettle f ! fire & subject x directly to heat till x atta9s a temp]ature ( #aej c5tigrade4 ,:5 x is possible1 heat ! object to be glu$ to #ajj4 ,! ?9n] ! coat & ! hott] ! surface ! bett] w x adh]e1 unless ! objects be su* z h>d bo>ds4 ,9 all cases z /rong a pressure z possible %\ld be employ$ to br+ ! two p>ts toge!r1 :i* %\ld be cont9u$ till ! glue has dri$4 ,boxes :i* are cem5t$ toge!r by means ( m>9e glue & are also nail$ are ( extraord9>y /r5g?1 & may be ?us made air-tight & wat]pro(4 ,^? :o int5d to s5d articles :i* c be affect$ by sea-air1 su* z silks & tea1 :i* *ange _! col\r & quality ev5 :5 pack$ 9 ! tighte/ ord9>y cases1 %\ld employ boxes well secur$ ) good m>9e glue4 ,x is also invaluable to secure clo?+ aga9/ mo?s1 = if any?+ be v ?or\ghly du/$ & !re are no mo?s 9 x1 none c get 9 if x be enclos$ 9 a box r5d]$ air-tight4 ,apropos ( :i* ,i w\ld say t 9 ,am]ica mo?s1 :i* are f> m ( a pe/ ?an 9 ,europe1 are effectively exclud$ by means ( bags ( /rong pap]1 well t>paul9$ or t>r$4 ,! objects to be ov] & w>m$1 s t x seals itself up4 ,/rong pap] bags are bett] ?an any trunks to exclude mo?s1 b !y mu/ always be well gumm$ up4 ,tobacco is no protection at all aga9/ ^! insects4 ,i h ev5 _h an old wooll5 ,turki% tobacco-bag :i* _h be5 9 use t5 ye>s1 & :i* 0 p>tly full ( tobacco1 almo/ dev\r$ by mo?s1 :i* mu/ h eat5 no small quantity ( tobacco 9 s do+4 ,nor is camphor or any o!r sc5t half z effective z h]metic clos+ 9 "s sub/ance :i* insects w n eat4 ,,lehn] gives a sugge/ion reg>d+ ! r5d]+ walls air-tight :i* is ( su* rem>kable practical utility t x ought to be en=c$ by heal? laws 9 e h\se4 ,:5ev] walls h any t5d5cy to absorb dampness--& all h x 9 damp wea!r1 especially 9 und]gr\nd rooms--x is f> m dang]\s ?an is g5]ally suppos$ to put pap] on !m4 ,?is is s mu* ! case t :]e workm51 f c>elessness1 pa/e "o coat ( pap] ov] ano!r on a damp wall1 ! mass 9 "t gives out a v poison\s exhalation1 s t an in/ance is record$ 9 :i* sev]al p di$1 "o aft] ! o!r1 9 consequ5ce ( sleep+ 9 su* a room4 ,to prev5t ?is take ! foll[+ wat]pro( cem5t3-- ,ca\t*\c #aj ,wa%$ *alk #aj ,oil ( turp5t9e #bj ,bisulphide ( c>bon #aj ,res9 7colophonium7 #e ,asphalt #e ,^! are comb9$ 9 a l>ge flask1 kept 9 a mod]ately w>m place1 & (t5 %ak5 till well incorporat$4 ,! wall to be cov]$ %\ld be bru%$ & wip$1 & 9 "s cases heat$1 until extremely dry4 ,!n1 us+ ! cem5t1 apply ! pap] 9 ! ord9>y way4 ,x w /ick ) great t5acity1 ?is be+ a v tight & /rong glue4 ,all wall-pap] :atev] is m or less productive ( mal>ia 9 damp wea!r1 z is ! smell ( a damp libr>y1 or "o :]e ! sc5t ( old pap] is rankly & (f5sively p]ceptible4 ,!re=e e precaution %\ld be tak5 to r5d] x innocu\s4 ,ev5 if no pap] be appli$1 ?is cem5t is v valuable :5 simply us$ to coat ! int]ior or ext]ior ( damp walls4 ,x c1 ( c\rse1 be us$ to repair _m articles ( indi>ubb]1 & to m5d %oes1 tan g>m5ts1 c4 ,apropos ( :i* latt] ,i may "h rem>k t all p]sons :o int5d to r\gh x 9 ! bu% z coloni/s1 or g into any region :]e m5d+ or gett+ m5d$ is difficult--z ,i myself h _m a "t exp]i5c$--w\ld d well to c>ry a tight t9 box ( wat]pro( glue1 ) :i* torn %oes1 & v (t5 torn clo!s1 c be promptly repair$4 ,9 fact1 ) ! aid ( a little r\gh /it*+1 or ev5 )\t x1 g>m5ts ( lea!r1 musl91 & ev5 ( clo? c be made to hold toge!r ) c]ta9 cem5ts1 :i* w lit]ally b9d any?+4 ,x is well wor? :ile = ^? :o propose to live 9 ! wild]ness1 :]ev] x may be1 to "k h[ to prep>e or make indi>ubb] g>m5ts4 ,! recipe is v easily made3-- ,gutta-p]*a #aj ,b5z9e #ajj ,l9se$-oil v>ni% #ajj ,! gutta-p]*a is dissolv$ 9 ! b5z9e2 ! solution1 :5 cle>1 is p\r$ into a bottle already conta9+ ! v>ni%1 & all is !n ?or\ghly %ak54 ,?is mixture1 :5 spread on wov5 fabrics ( any k9d1 r5d]s !m completely wat]pro(4 ,! g>m5ts c !n be cut out & 8sew$20 t is1 b\nd toge!r ) ! same cem5t4 ,accord+ to ,,lehn]1 ?is cem5t c be us$ = mak+ ! soles ( %oes1 & is m>vell\sly ela/ic4 ,all travell]s1 & assur$ly all h\sekeep]s1 %\ld h ?is cem5t among _! possessions4 ,x may also happ5 to a travell] to f9d himself ) an a*+ holl[ too? 9 a region :]e no d5ti/ is accessible4 ,%\ld he h ) him "s gutta-p]*a 7blea*$ is be/ = ?is purpose7 he may comb9e x ) v f9ely pulv]is$ glass4 7,to levigate or p[d] any?+ z f9e z fl\r1 x mu/ be p\nd$ 9 a mort>1 or on metal or h>d /one "u wat]47 ,!n w>m & ?or\ghly mix ! gutta-p]*a & glass4 ,make x into little p5cils1 :i*1 :5 !y are to be us$1 mu/ be dipp$ 9 hot wat]4 ,?is cem5t may be also us$ = a great v>iety ( o!r purposes4 ,a v admirable cem5t1 :i* %\ld be f\nd 9 e /able & kn[n to e "o :o owns a horse1 is made z foll[s3-- ,h>t%orn & res9 ammoniacum 7,ammoniakh>z7 #aj ,purifi$ gutta-p]*a #bj-be ,heat ! gutta-p]*a to #ij-ajj c5tigrade1 & ?or\ghly incorporate x ) ! p[d]$ res94 ,! *ief use ( ?is admirable composition is to fill up cracks or splits 9 horses' ho(s4 ,x may also be us$ = pla/] on occasion4 ,to apply x to ho(s1 w>m x & spread x 9 ) a w>m$ knife4 ,x sets s h>d t x w hold nails4 ,9 m5d+ or mak+1 x may be obs]v$ t a v little indi>ubb] or gutta-p]*a may be comb9$ ) b5zole or e!r1 or rectifi$ petroleum 9 l>ge am\nt1 :i* soon becomes d5se4 ,!re=e1 to produce a surface or a sk91 we fir/ spread a ?9 coat ov] ! object or m\ld1 & !n apply ano!r ) a broad1 s(t bru% or 8dabb]0 ) great c>e1 s z to make x ( uni=m ?ickness4 ,x is1 !re=e1 be/ to h ! prep>ation always r ?91 & use x at ! "r "t1 & n :5 x has become d5se by long keep+4 ,9 ! latt] case add m ( ! solv5t4 ,glass bottles or vials conta9+ liquids are (t5 brok51 ev5 by ! pressure ( s(t objects1 su* z clo?+1 :5 plac$ 9 trunks4 ,x is !re=e advisable to dip or coat !m ) ?is solution1 :i* =ms a bag :i* w conta9 ! fluid2 t is1 unless x be ( a nature :i* w s(t5 x4 ,i h kn[n a bottle ( hair-oil to be pack$ 9 a valuable ca%m]e %awl1 :i* 0 almo/ ru9$ by its break+1 & :i* c\ld h easily be5 prev5t$ by ?is easy precaution4 ,any apo!c>y w make up ^! recipes4 ,a v curi\s & valuable imitation ( indi>ubb] wat]pro( clo? is made z foll[s3--,case9e is mac]at$ ) wat] & ) borax to a solution4 ,! clo? is dipp$ 9 ?is1 & :5 q dry1 aga9 dipp$ into a /rong infusion ( gall-apples4 ,?is is a k9d ( tann+4 ,= exhau/ive in=mation on ! subject ( indi>ubb] ! te*nologi/ may consult ,kauts*uk und ,guttap]*a1 by ,raimund ,h(f]1 ,leipzig1 #ahib1 :i* is1 ,i believe1 ! late/ & be/ "w on ?is important subject4 ,,m5d+ ,,metal-,,"w ,,or ,,repair+ ,,by ,,means ,,( ,,x ,,firepro( ,,cem5ts1 ,,) ,,iron ,,b9d]s ,metal-"w1 especially 9 iron1 requires s mu* =g+ & s _m appliances t x is to a c]ta9 ext5t beyond ! ord9>y m5d]1 :o mu/ 9 mo/ cases h resort to ! smi? or artific]4 ,b !re is /ill mu* )9 ! capacity ( ! amateur to effect1 & ?is ,i w describe4 ,"o ( ! commone/ requirem5ts 9 repair+ trunks & _m o!r objects is to make a /rap or /rip ( metal hold ei!r to a surface or to itself4 ,?is is to be promptly effect$ by rivet+4 ,if ! iron b& on a trunk is brok51 y _c well nail x aga9 into its place4 ,a nail w n hold 9 ! ?9 side1 possibly ( pa/ebo>d4 ,to le>n h[ to repair 9 su* a case1 take a piece ( common hoop iron1 lay x on a block ( wood or a bo>d1 & ) a f9e nail or brad-awl & hamm] knock a hole 9 x4 ,!n take a rivet or any flat-head$ tack1 put x ?r\gh ! hole1 lay x ) ! head ( ! tack d[n on iron or /one if possible1 & !n give ! po9t a bl[1 a little sideways4 ,! result is t ! po9t w be flatt5$ & ! tack firmly held4 ,! result w be ! same if ! rivet passes ?r\gh two ?ick pieces ( metal4 ,9 ?is mann] ! two ends ( an iron hoop = a box are fa/5$4 ,!re=e1 if we take a piece ( t9 or %eet-iron1 put x 9 ! trunk aga9/ ! side1 & br+ d[n ! brok5 /rip on ! outside1 we c1 ) a little c>e1 rivet x4 ,x is advisable1 :5 ?is is done1 to pa/e a /rong piece ( musl9 or lea!r ov] ! t9 to prev5t x f cutt+ any?+ 9 ! trunk4 ,^! rivet$ /rips are f> bett] = surr\nd+ & hold+ _m bundles ?an cords4 ,!y are bett] = books1 because !y d n leave m>ks on ! edges1 nei!r d !y untie nor are !y h>d to fa/51 requir+ no knott+4 ,rivet$ b&s1 corn]s1 or b5t pieces ( %eet-metal are m g5]ally applicable to brok5 furniture ?an is g5]ally suppos$4 ,! plate ?us appli$ c g5]ally be conceal$ ei!r by *isell+ a place = x or by hamm]+ x into ! wood1 & !n cem5t+ & pa9t+ x ov]4 ,wire is also v useful = m5d+ ( _m k9ds1 ei!r 9 metal or wood4 ,to manage x we ne$ a pair ( cutt+ pli]s or p9c]s1 z well z ! long-nos$ & flat pli]s4 ,?us1 to atta* two bodies--= in/ance1 ! two p>ts ( a brok5 gun/ock--beg9 by fa/5+ "o end ( ! wire 9 "o piece1 & w9d x r\nd bo?1 draw+ x z tightly z possible ) ! flat pli]s4 ,:5 unit$1 fa/5 ! o!r end by driv+ x "u ! twi/ or into ! wood4 ,?is also c be s adroitly treat$ t ! wire1 flatt5$ ) a file & hamm]$ d[n1 c be conceal$ "u pa9t & v>ni%4 ,by means ( wire pass$ ?r\gh holes made ) long brad-awls or f9e gimlets1 picture-frames c be firmly repair$4 ,9 _m cases ! wire %\ld be br\ght r\nd & ! ends fa/5$ or w\nd toge!r2 9 o!rs1 make a d\ble r+ 9 "o end ( ! wire & nail x d[n1 !n pass ! wire ?r\gh ! hole & fa/5 ! o!r end 9 ! same way4 ,_m k9ds ( brok5 implem5ts may be ?us m5d$4 ,endeav\r to get /rong1 flexible wire = su* purposes4 ,boxes conta9+ goods w be d\bly /rong :5 protect$ by /rips ( iron nail$ r\nd !m4 ,hoop-iron is g5]ally us$ = ?is purpose4 ,sold]+ is1 h[ev]1 ! be/ & mo/ usual means ( repair+ all k9ds ( metal-"w1 & ?is is v f> f be+ s difficult z is g5]ally suppos$2 inde$1 a lady-writ] on metal-"w goes s f> z to decl>e t x is fasc9at+4 ,z e t9k] & t9man kn[s h[ to 8sodd]10 & w will+ly give in/ruction = a trifle 7*ildr51 inde$1 (t5 behold ! :ole process admir+ly = no?+71 &1 f9ally1 z x is mo/ unlikely t any read] ( ?is "w %\ld be 9 a place :]e nei!r t9k]s nor t9m5 are to be f\nd--= ,i h read t a gipsy t9k] 0 once discov]$ m5d+ a kettle seat$ 9 ! %ad[ ( ! ,great ,wall ( ,*9a--x is h>dly necess>y to describe 9 detail processes :i* any "o c take 9 at a glance4 ,! pr9ciple is ?is3--,z 9 cem5t+ glass1 ! glue :i* b9ds requires p[d]$ glass to be mix$ 9 x1 s t x may e/abli% a quick] & clos] aff9ity ) ! glass2 s to unite two metallic surfaces we mu/ h a flux or "s fusible sub/ance z an int]m$i>y4 ,= ?is purpose v>i\s sub/ances1 su* z res9 & borax1 are employ$ ) ! sold]1 :i* is a comp\nd ( metals1 :i* melts v easily1 takes a firm hold ( o!r metals1 & sets h>d at once4 ,!re are _m v>ieties ( x1 adapt$ to diff]5t metals4 ,x is g5]ally sold 9 small /icks = use4 ,i lay "s /ress on ! fact t !re %\ld be "s "o 9 e family kn[+ h[ to repair1 especially 9 metal1 because !re is no h\sehold 9 :i* !re is n damage ( t9 & iron w>e1 trunks1 kit*5 ut5sils1 & (t5 ev5 ( jewell]y1 :i* a clev] y\? or "y lady c\ld easily re/ore4 ,a p9 is deta*$ f a broo*4 ,y c\ld repair x y\rself 9 five m9utes1 at a halfp5ny's exp5se2 b no1 x mu/ be s5t to a jewell]'s to be m5d$ = a %ill+4 ,x is ! same ) e>r+s & *a9s & bracelets & clasps & secur+-r+s4 ,:5 !y become %aky y fa/5 !m ) ?read4 ,x w hold = ! pres5t1 ( c\rse2 & !n comes an adv]tisem5t 9 ! ,times3 8,lo/--,tw5ty-five ,p\nds ,rew>d60 ,all because y nev] le>n$ h[ to repair or sold]4 ,illu/ration ,b1 z 'tis nev] too late to m5d1 & no "o %\ld be a m5d ,i-c't1 or g begg+ to o!rs to d = him :at he c d = himself1 ,i tru/ t reflection on ?is subject w induce _m to become practical repair]s4 ,if y h a valuable co91 d n take half ! value out ( x1 z mo/ p d1 by bor+ a hole ?r\gh x4 ,make a simple twi/ & eyelet ( a bit ( silv] wire & sold] x on ! edge4 ,d n tie a gold *a9 ) tw9e2 m5d x prop]ly4 ,rivet y\r brok5 scissors1 & :5 h+es come out screw !m on aga94 ,if !re 7 really any?+ difficult 9 all ?is ,i w\ld hone/ly say s1 b !re is n1 & p :o h receiv$ "s education le>n h[ to d x all ) ease 9 a %ort "t4 ,a recipe = a cem5t to atta* metal to any o!r sub/ance is made z foll[s3-- ,purifi$ fl9t-s& 7or glass-p[d]7 #aj ,case9e or curd #h ,slack$ lime #aj ,mix ?or\ghly1 & add wat] to a creamy consi/5cy4 ,! foll[+ = metals is also v /rong3-- ,/urgeon's bladd] solution #ajj ,nitric acid #a ,! acid is /irr$ 9 at ! same "t ) ! cem5t1 :i* %\ld be z d5se z possible1 & ) ?is mixture ! surfaces ( ! metal are cov]$4 8,! nitric acid is int5d$ to make ! surfaces ( ! metal r\gh1 b x has ! drawback t x h9d]s ! dry+ ( ! glue0 7,,lehn]74 ,?is sl[ly dry+ is1 h[ev]1 a great advantage4 ,! same is f\nd :5 x is mix$ ) common glue1 :i* g5]ally dries too rapidly4 ,cem5ts :i* dry r sl[ly take hold ! mo/ firmly & p]man5tly4 ,! acid h>d5s ! mass by contract+ ! cellul> tissue4 ,to ha/5 ! dry+1 ! metallic p>ts1 :i* %\ld be v /rongly compress$ toge!r1 mu/ be expos$ to heat4 ,a simpl] me?od = light articles ( metal is to wet ! surfaces ) nitric acid = a few m9utes till !y are r\gh5$1 !n wa% away ! acid 9 wat]1 & cem5t ! metal ) /urgeon's bladd] cem5t4 ,a special cem5t = z9c is made by ?ick5+ v /rong d5se glue ) p[d]$ slack$ lime1 into :i* is knead$ "o-t5? "p ( fl[]s ( sulphur4 ,a s-call$ ,jewell]'s ,cem5t1 :i* holds firmly1 is ! s-call$ ,diamond1 else:]e giv52 also ! foll[+3-- ,/urgeon's bladd] #ajj ,gum ma/ic v>ni% #ej ,! /urgeon's bladd] is dissolv$ 9 z little wat] z possible ) /rong spirits ( w9e 7equival5t to ord9>y spirits74 ,to prep>e ! ma/ic v>ni%1 mix f9ely p[d]$ ma/ic ) ! mo/ highly rectifi$ spirits ( w9e & b5z9e1 & use z little liquid z possible4 ,! two mixtures mu/ be !n rubb$ z intimately z possible toge!r4 ,:5 c>efully made ?is cem5t w s]ve = any?+--glass or *9a1 c4 ,a ,,cem5t ,,= ,,z9c1 especially = ornam5ts & small "w3--,9 t5 p>ts by weight ( silicate ( soda 7solution7 /ir two p>ts ( cleans$ *alk & ?ree ( z9c 9 p[d]4 ,?is is knead$ = "s "t into a putty1 ) :i* defects1 r\ghnesses1 c41 c be rem$i$4 ,aft] tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 :5 poli%$ ) agate1 ?is cem5t has all ! appe>ance ( z9c4 ,x may be obs]v$ t o!r metals 9 f9e p[d] may be sub/itut$ = ! z9c1 & t ) bronze p[d]s1 oxides ( metals1 & inde$ ) all ! range ( pa9t]s' col\rs1 comb9ations may be =m$ ( inf9ite application 9 ! arts4 ,accord+ to ,,lehn] ! silicate ( soda %\ld be ( #cc4 ,a specially /rong & valuable cem5t1 capable ( _m uses 9 metal1 wood1 glass1 or *9a1 or to fa/5 glass to metal1 is made z foll[s3--,take be/ purifi$ li?>ge1 /ir x ) glyc]9e until x becomes a ?9 homog5e\s mass1 :i* 9 less ?an an h\r w become a v h>d mass1 :i* is ( almo/ univ]sal application4 ,x is n affect$ by wat]1 & resi/s ! action 7accord+ to ,,lehn]7 ( almo/ all acids1 ! /ronge/ alkalies1 z well z e!ris$ oils & ! fumes ( *lor9e & alcohol4 ,! surfaces :i* are to be unit$ ) x mu/ fir/ be cov]$ ) pure1 ?ick glyc]9e4 ,x w readily occur to ! read] t 9 or to ?is1 z 9 e recipe giv5 9 ?is book1 modifications1 alt]ations1 & additions c be made1 ( v great value1 adaptable to a great v>iety ( sub/ances4 ,x is to be obs]v$ t 9 su* cases z ?is1 :]e "o _c be sure ( ! exact result1 x is be/1 e4g41 to fir/ exp]im5t ) a v little f9e/ pulv]is$ oxide ( lead ) ! glyc]9e4 ,ano!r =m ( ?is p[]ful metallic cem5t is giv5 z foll[s3-- ,conc5trat$ glyc]9e litre ,li?>ge #e kilogs4 ,to make a cem5t to fill or close jo9ts 9 z9c-"w3--,soak ?ree p>ts by weight ( glue 9 wat]1 p\r (f ! sup]flu\s wat]1 dissolve ! glue 9 w>m wat]1 /ir into x six p>ts ( slack$ lime & "o ( fl[]s ( sulphur4 ,:5 ironwork1 z1 = in/ance1 w9d[-b>s1 is to be set 9 /one1 ! foll[+ is comm5d$ z tak+ a firm hold3-- ,calc9$ gypsum #cj ,f9ely p[d]$ iron #aj ,v9eg> #bj ,! foll[+ recipes1 ?\gh ,i h f\nd _m ( !m 9 o!r works1 are "h tak51 ) ackn[l$gm5t1 f ,,lehn]1 z 8 proportions are inv>iably accurate1 or confirm$ by exp]im5t4 ,,an ,,iron ,,cem5t :i* resi/s heat & moi/ure3-- ,clay #aj ,iron fil+s #e ,v9eg> #b ,wat] #c ,a ,,v ,,/rong ,,wat]pro( ,,cem5t ,,= ,,iron3-- ,iron fil+s #ajj ,sal-ammoniac #b ,wat] #aj ,?is 9 a few days w beg9 to turn into a h>d ru/4 ,ano!r ,,oxidis$ ,,cem5t1 :i* holds l iron1 is made z foll[s3-- ,iron fil+s #fe ,sal-ammoniac #b4e ,fl[]s ( ,sulphur #a4e ,sulphuric acid #a ,! sulphuric acid is dilut$ ) wat] & add$ to ! mix$ p[d]s4 ,a ,,ru/ ,,or ,,oxide ,,cem5t1 resi/+ fire3-- ,common iron fil+s #de ,clay #bj ,f9e/ porcela9 clay #ae ,salt 9 wat] #h ,f9e clay may be us$ 9 lack ( ! f9e/ porcela9 clay4 ,,an ,,iron ,,cem5t to resi/ heat3-- ,iron fil+s #bj ,clay 9 p[d] #de ,borax #e ,salt #e ,p]oxide ( manganese #aj ,! borax & salt are melt$ 9 wat] & !n quickly mix$ ) ! rema9+ +r$i5ts1 :i* are 9 a comb9$ p[d]4 ,at a :ite-heat ?is becomes a glassy sub/ance1 :i* seals h]metically4 ,,iron ,,cem5t to resi/ int5se heat3-- ,p]oxide ( manganese #eb ,:ite oxide ( z9c #be ,borax #e ,?is is appli$ ) silicate ( soda4 ,x mu/ dry gradually4 ,,iron ,,cem5t to resi/ heat3-- ,iron fil+s #ajj ,clay #ej ,salt #aj ,fl9t-s& #bj ,,firepro( ,,cem5t3-- ,iron fil+s #adj ,hydraulic cem5t #bj ,fl9t-s& #be ,sal-ammoniac #c ,?is p[d] is made into a pa/e ) v9eg>4 ,x mu/ dry = a long "t be=e be+ submitt$ to heat4 ,ano!r cem5t ( ! same k9d is z foll[s3-- ,iron fil+s #ahj ,clay #de ,salt #h ,?is is also made up ) v9eg>1 & mu/ be dri$ = a long "t4 ,,to ,,set ,,iron ,,9 ,,/one3-- ,iron fil+s1 f9e #aj ,calc9$ gypsum #cj ,sal-ammoniac #j4e ,also comb9$ ) v9eg>4 ,:5 !re are defects 9 iron ca/+s1 !y may be fill$ up ) ! foll[+ cem5t3-- ,clean iron fil+s #ajj ,fl[]s ( sulphur #j4e ,sal-ammoniac #j4h ,to be mix$ ) wat] to a pa/e4 ,x does n fuse nor act z a pa/e until expos$ to great heat4 ,be=e apply+ x wa% ! edges to be unit$ ) liquid ammonia4 ,brim/one or sulphur melts iron v promptly :5 ! latt] is r$-hot1 & appli$ to x1 ! iron w drop l melt$ seal+-wax4 ,a ,,cem5t ,,= ,,iron ,,/oves is made z foll[s3-- ,iron fil+s #ajj ,*alk-m>l #dj ,fl9t-s& #ej ,v9eg> #bj ,?is is made into a pa/e1 :i* c be r5d]$ por\s by mix+ ) x bri/les1 *opp$ /raw1 sawdu/1 or *aff4 ,:5 ! latt] is conv]t$ to coal by heat1 ! cem5t is1 ( c\rse1 full ( cavities4 ,9 l mann]1 clay = wat]-cool]s is made light & spongy by mix+ x ) salt4 ,! salt gradually melts 9 ! damp clay1 =m+ a por\s sub/ance4 ,:5 iron doors are to be h]metically seal$ at v high temp]atures ! foll[+ may be us$3-- ,f9e/ iron fil+s #ajj ,sal-ammoniac #a ,lime/one #aj ,silicate ( soda #aj ,:5 ! iron plates ab\t a fireplace give way ! foll[+ may be us$3-- ,iron fil+s #bj ,iron dross or refuse #ab ,calc9$ gypsum #cj ,common salt #aj ,?is mixture may be comb9$ ) ei!r blood or silicate ( soda1 pref]ably ! latt]1 z ! =m] has a disagreeable smell4 ,iron fil+s mix$ ) v9eg> are all[$ to /& till ( a br[n col\r1 & !n driv5 ) plugs & hamm] into cavities1 :]e !y =m a ru/ cem5t4 ,,= ,,cracks ,,9 ,,iron ,,pots1 c43-- ,iron fil+s #aj ,clay #fj ,?is is mix$ ) l9se$-oil to a pa/e4 ,x requires sev]al weeks to h>d51 b =ms a h>d cem5t4 ,a ,,black ,,cem5t ,,= ,,ironw>e3-- ,iron fil+s #aj ,s& #ab ,ivory black #aj ,slack$ lime #ab ,lime wat] #e ,,s*w>tz',s ,,iron ,,cem5t = holes 9 pots1 c43-- ,i4 ,f9ely p[d]$ glue #d-e ,f9e/ iron du/ #b ,p]oxide ( manganese #a ,common salt ,borax ,to be p[d]$ extremely f9e or levigat$ & made ) wat] to a pa/e4 ,resi/s fire & hot wat]4 ,,ii4 ,pulv]is$ p]oxide ( manganese #a ,:ite oxide ( z9c #a ,to be f9ely pulv]is$ & comb9$ ) silicate ( soda4 ,an important "p ( all metal-m5d+ is sold]+4 ,?is is bas$ on ! pr9ciple t c]ta9 metallic comp\nds :i* fuse at a v l[ heat c1 h[ev]1 be s br\ght into union ) o!rs :i* h an aff9ity = !m z by melt+ to unite ! h>d] objects4 ,?us bismu?1 :i* w melt 9 hot wat]1 has an aff9ity = lead1 :i* comb9es easily ) t9 & brass1 c42 z1 9 l mann]1 borax & res9 ) iron4 ,,newton',s ,,sold] 7,,lehn]73-- ,bismu? #h ,t9 #c ,lead #e ,?is melts at #id4e ,celsius4 ,,rose',s ,,sold]s3-- ,i4 ,bismu? #b ,lead #a ,t9 #a ,,ii4 ,bismu? #e ,lead #c ,t9 #b ,a ,,metallic-,,glass ,,sold]3-- ,lead #cj ,t9 #bj ,bismu? #be ,! lead is fir/ c>efully melt$1 !n ! t9 add$1 & ! melt$ mixture c>efully /irr$2 ! bismu? is put 9 la/ ( all4 ,,cem5t ,,= ,,iron ,,/oves3-- ,wood-a%es #aj ,clay #aj ,calc9$ lime #d ,to be mix$ ) wat] to =m a firm pa/e4 ,also applicable to holes 9 trees4 ,clay mix$ ) wa/e-pap] is also applicable = ! latt] purpose 7,,lehn]74 7,glue may be add$ to x47 ,?is mixture ( clay & pap] %\ld be well mix$ ) s\r milk4 ,,claus',s ,,cem5t ,,= ,,metal ,,& ,,glass3--#dj grammes ( />* & #cbj grammes purifi$ *alk are dissolv$ 9 #b qu>ts wat]1 into :i* is /irr$ p9t solution ( cau/ic soda4 ,! mo/ important "p ( m5d+ brok5 metal-"w is sold]+1 & ?is is s difficult to practically tea* by m]e writ+1 :ile x c be s easily le>n$ f any t9smi?1 or ev5 t9k]1 t ,i deem x common-s5sibly be/ to acquire x f ! latt]4 ,^? :o w\ld /udy x 9 all its details1 sci5tific or te*nological1 may d s 9 ,das ,l!n und die ,be>beitung d] ,metalle1 by ,edmund ,s*loss]2 ,vi5na1 ,a4 ,h>tleb51 price #cs4 ,,repair+ ,,lea!r-,,"w ,,trunks1 ,,%oes1 ,,or ,,9 ,,any ,,o!r ,,=ms--,,jo9+ ,,/raps--,,mak+ ,,*eap ,,%oes ,lea!r-"w :5 mu* worn is seldom re/or$1 &1 except by a few exp]ts1 x is g5]ally reg>d$ z incurable4 ,t is to say1 t lea!r-"w is only repair$ by ! same me?od 9 :i* x is made--t is1 by sew+--:5 9 fact a great deal is lo/ :i* might be sav$1 & mu* imp]fectly repair$ :i* might seem l new by resort+ to a m sci5tific process4 ,& !re=e1 hav+ devot$ mu* att5tion to x1 ,i am p]suad$ t ! wor/ cases may be m5d$4 ,)9 a week ,i pur*as$ two small folio volumes :i* _h be5 beautifully b\nd 9 black lea!r1 emboss$ 9 deep relief1 ab\t #aebj1 9 a /yle :i* 0 !n becom+ antiquat$4 ,! patt]n _h be5 cut 9 a wood5 m\ld1 /amp$ on ! wet lea!r1 & !n completely work$ ov] by h& ) trac]s & matt$ or /amp$ 9 ! gr\nd4 ,b ! black col\r _h be5 worn away f ! relief & turn$ br[n1 & x 0 o!rwise dilapidat$ at ! edges4 ,i took a volume & :]e ! surface 0 ragg$ moi/5$ x1 appli$ gum-arabic 9 solution1 & smoo!d x d[n ) an agate burni%]4 ,lea!r treat$ 9 ?is way soon becomes l a pa/e4 ,:5 x 0 all ev5 ,i pa9t$ x ov] ) /rong liquid ,indian ink4 ,common ink w\ld h done z well4 ,!n ,i v>ni%$ x ov] lightly ) ! admirable v]nis ret\*]1 ,no4 #c1 ( ,,soehn,e1 :i* is flexible1 pres]vative1 & does n crack4 ,i may add = ladies t x smells l eau de cologne4 ,?is dries almo/ imm$iately4 ,x may be _h at all arti/s' mat]ial %ops4 ,f9ally1 ,i rubb$ x = "s "t by h&4 ,!n ! b9d+ 0 z good z new1 yet n too new4 ,x 0 simply p]fectly re/or$4 ,i h 9 ! introduction m5tion$ ano!r "w :i* ,i also re/or$4 ,?is 0 a ,madonna 9 high relief1 v mu* dilapidat$2 t is to say1 x 0 ( ?9 lea!r1 :i* _h be5 orig9ally made 9 a m\ld1 & 0 accord+ly puff$ out1 s to speak1 l a pie-cru/4 ,on ! m\ld !re _h be5 laid a coat ( musl9 or cotton fabric2 ?is1 :5 dry1 _h be5 v ?9ly cov]$ ) gesso or pla/] ( ,p>is1 & on ?is1 :5 dry1 a ?9 wet lea!r _h be5 press$4 ,i may "h note t v (t5 ! gesso 0 !n black5$ )\t any lea!r be+ appli$1 & t :5 ?us black5$1 cov]$1 & v>ni%$ x look$ exactly l lea!r--an easy art1 :i* may be practis$ to pr(it by any "o :o c c>ve or buy m\lds4 ,on exam9+ ?is1 ,i f\nd t x w\ld be v difficult to repair x ) good lea!r4 ,i f\nd 9 a %op "s ?9 black %am-lea!r1 su* z ! ,japanese app>5tly manufacture f lea!r du/1 made by gr9d+ up all k9ds ( lea!r wa/e to a p[d]4 ,x 0 wret*$1 rott5 /uff z lea!r1 b all ! bett] suit$ to my purpose4 ,"s ( ?is ,i cut into small bits1 & ) a knife soon ma%$ x1 mix$ ) gum-arabic & wat]1 into a v smoo? pa/e4 ,) su* a pa/e "o c repair any te>1 r\gh5+1 or imp]fection1 c>e be+ tak5 t ! pa/e & lea!r be alike 9 col\r4 ,) ?is ,i fill$ ! holl[s at ! back1 mak+ ! "w solid2 & hav+ wett$ all ! ragg$ edges & fractur$ or torn places1 smoo!d !m d[n ) gum & a p5 or pap] knife1 supply+ defici5cies ) ! black pa/e4 ,:5 all 0 smoo? & dry ,i appli$ a coat ( ,,soehn,e',s v>ni%1 & !n rubb$ x well d[n by h&4 ,x 0 q re/or$4 ,z ?is v>ni%+ lea!r may s\nd l a h]esy to arti/ic lea!r-work]s1 ,i w\ld ask !m if !y w\ld consid] an application ( tann9 9 solution--:i* is ! pres]vative pr9ciple ( lea!r itself--z 8in>ti/ic40 ,c]ta9ly x is n1 nor is ! application ( ,,soehn,e 7:i* is m ( a simple pres]vative ?an a glaze7 a m]e f9i% = %[4 ,! lea!r-pa/e ( :i* ,i speak has c]ta9 qualities ( its own :i* make x q diff]5t f any o!r sub/ance4 ,we may include 9 lea!r 8pa/e0 n only ! m]e du/ made f ! dri$ sub/ance1 b all scraps1 & also any ?9 lea!r1 ?or\ghly s(t5$ or mac]at$4 ,ev5 9 ! latt] =m x is1 comb9$ ) a b9d]1 really a pla/ic sub/ance1 s9ce x c be work$ into any =m ) ease4 ,mix$ ) ca\t*\c or indi>ubb] 9 solution1 & !n dri$1 x is invaluable = m5d+ boots & mak+ wat]pro( soles4 ,z ,i h indicat$1 x is excell5t = m5d+ old books4 ,& "h ,i may m5tion t if y h1 let u say1 "o cov] ( a book 9 high relief1 & ! o!r1 x may be1 lo/ or worn pla91 y c supply or make ! duplicate v easily1 v *eaply1 & 9 a %ort "t z foll[s3--,take a %eet ( s(t1 :ite newspap]1 damp5 x1 & press x on ! relief4 ,z soon z possible1 tak+ c>e n to wet ! book1 fill 9 ! back ( ! squeeze ei!r ) o!r coats ( wet pap]1 melt$ wax1 or liquid pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,:5 ?is is dry1 wax or oil c>efully ! face ( ! squeeze1 wipe x dry1 & make a ca/ f x 9 lea!r-pa/e4 ,?us y w h a facsimile ( ! relief4 ,f a solid pla/] m\ld1 well oil$ or boil$ 9 wax1 a ca/ may be tak5 9 s(t5$ or wet lea!r1 :i* is ev5 bett]2 x sets h>d & t\gh4 ,i may "h m5tion t x is v unusual to see books b\nd 9 deep relief ) h&-work$1 black1 or black & gold1 antique patt]ns1 & t su* a cov]1 say ( eight by t5 in*es1 w\ld probably co/ at lea/ a p\nd1 & be *eap at t4 ,& yet any girl ( ord9>y capacity )1 let u say1 fifty %ill+s' wor? ( m\lds1 & two weeks' practice 9 trac+ & /amp+ gr\nds1 c\ld produce f two to f\r su* book-cov]s z ^? be=e me 9 a day4 ,!re is n[ g5]ally sold 9 furni%+ or *emi/s' %ops a good wat]pro( glue4 ,lea!r s(t5$ & !n well incorporat$ ) ?is is also wat]pro(1 & may be us$ to m5d trunks4 ,i h kn[n a torn boot to be m5d$ 9 ?is mann]1 & t s well t x la/$ = a long "t4 ,ev5 a lea!r /rap :i* is subject$ to great tugg+ may be re/or$1 if cut or brok5 9 two1 by %av+ ! edges obliquely1 s z to %>p5 !m4 ,illu/ration ,!n apply glue ) acid1 & be=e x is q dry apply pressure1 ?\gh n s great z to squeeze ! glue out4 ,%av+ across ! edges1 judici\s press+ toge!r1 & f9al smoo?+ are ( ! greate/ importance 9 all lea!r pat*+ & piec+1 because x dep5ds on ^! to make ! juncture imp]ceptible4 ,v few p]sons--ev5 %oemak]s--are at all aw>e ( ! degree ( p]fection to :i* m5d+ r5ts 9 foot-cov]+ c be c>ri$ by ! use ( wat]pro( glue1 su* z is sold by _m *emi/s4 ,i h worn su* a pat* = mon?s1 & x 0 h>dly p]ceptible4 ,b1 l e art1 x requires "s practice to apply su* pat*es prop]ly1 & ,i _c promise to any lady t %e c p]fectly & neatly pat* a boot by simply daub+ on a piece ( lea!r at a fir/ trial4 ,x may be not$ t 9 su* /rap-jo9+ z t :i* ,i h describ$1 ! repair w be greatly /r5g!n$ by pa/+ v ?9 bits ( lea!r1 or ev5 ( musl91 ov] ! edges & press+ !m 94 ,x is true t ?is cov] w soon we> away1 b mean:ile ! m5d$ lea!r is all ! :ile gr[+ /rong] & unit+ m p]fectly4 ,ev5 pap]1 glu$ & press$ on1 mat]ially aids to make ! expos$ jo9t unite4 ,& "h ,i may say t _m a lady & y\? w\ld d well to take a few practical lessons f any %oemak] 9 ! noble art ( cobbl+2 t is to say1 ( heel+1 sole+1 & pat*+1 all ( :i* are z easy to le>n z /eps 9 danc+1 & are ev5 m int]e/+ or amus+ :5 once ma/]$4 ,x is1 moreov]1 an art :i* w be ( use ?r\gh life4 ,^? :o c d ?is w probably1 if ambiti\s by nature1 progress to mak+ slipp]s1 x may be %oes2 & he :o c d ?is may be assur$ t he nev] ne$ q />ve to dea? :ile human be+s g %od4 ,x is n s difficult z _m ?9k1 = ,i h kn[n %oemak]s ( v ord9>y m9ds1 & ,i also once knew a me*anical arti/ :o le>n$ to make a f9e pair ( %oes 9 a few weeks4 ,9 fact1 !re is a liv+ 9 a great _m ?+s = ^? :o h once le>n$ to use _! f+]s4 ,few p are aw>e ( ! extraord9>y durability ( lea!r-"w ( c]ta9 k9ds4 ,!re are 9 ! ,briti% ,museum ,roman s&als1 probably made ( raw hide1 b cut into pretty =m1 :i* 7 f\nd 9 ! ,?ames1 & :i* look z new z if rec5tly made4 ,i h se5 )9 a day z ,i write a gracefully =m$ pit*] ( ! e>ly fifte5? c5tury ( v solid black lea!r1 l ! old blackjacks once common 9 ,engl&1 :i* has probably pass$ ?r\gh c5turies ( use1 & is z p]fect z ev]4 ,wood splits1 e>!nw>e breaks1 & metal ru/s1 b raw hide1 or cuir b\illi1 z set =? 9 ! old song ( ! 8,lea!r ,bottl10 seems to endure e trial4 ,z ! man commemorat$ 9 8sop's ,fables0 decl>$1 8,aft] all1 !re is no?+ l lea!r40 ,! read] :o may be especially int]e/$ 9 ?is easie/ ( all ! m9or arts may consult on ?is subject my ,manual ( ,lea!r-,"w 7#es472 ,:ittak] ,co41 #b ,:ite ,h>t ,/reet1 ,pat]no/] ,squ>e1 ,london1 ,e4,c4 ,/rips ( raw hide are )\t equal = repair+ brok5 vehicles1 :eels1 saddles1 & simil> articles1 because !y %r9k :ile dry+1 draw+ ev]y?+ tight1 & set s h>d :5 once dry t :at is m5d$ is (t5 /rong] ?an be=e4 ,i h else:]e m5tion$ t ! /ronge/ trunks 9 ! _w are made 9 ,am]ica f x1 z !y _h ne$ to be1 s9ce !re is no c\ntry 9 ! _w :]e ! 8baggage-sma%]10 figurative or lit]al1 is s mu* to be fe>$4 ,! read] :o has occasion to repair any?+ 9 lea!r %\ld /udy ! *apt] ( ?is book :i* treats ( indi>ubb] & gutta-p]*a1 ! subjects be+ 9 _m respects ! same4 ,a /rong cem5t = lea!r is made by comb9+ gutta-p]*a & ,s*wefelkohl5/(f1 or bisulphide ( c>bon1 ) petroleum to a syrupy consi/5cy4 ,a v good cem5t specially adapt$ to jo9+ lea!r /raps is z foll[s3-- ,asphalt #ab ,res9 #aj ,gutta-p]*a #dj ,bisulphide ( c>bon #aej ,petroleum #fj ,! mat]ials1 except+ ! ,s*wefelkohl5/(f1 are put toge!r 9 a bottle :i* /&s 9 hot wat] = sev]al h\rs2 :5 ! mass has gr[n ?ick ) ! petroleum add ! re/1 & let ! :ole /& = sev]al days1 %ak+ x v (t54 ,if ! pieces ( lea!r to be unit$ are fir/ heat$ & !n press$ v tightly toge!r1 ! adhesion w be increas$4 ,?is cem5t is z well adapt$ = glass1 crock]y1 horn1 ivory1 wood1 or metal z = lea!r4 ,x is admirable = m5d+ trunks1 :e!r made ( lea!r1 wood1 or pa/ebo>d4 ,:5 a trunk is made ( any ( ^!1 & a hole is brok5 ?r\gh ! side or top1 take a newspap] & coat x ) ?is cem5t1 apply+ ano!r1 till !re are a doz5 or m ?icknesses4 ,if1 z x gradually dries1 ?is be press$ & h>d5$ ) a roll]1 or ev5 a r\nd rul]1 x w be mu* improv$4 ,glue ?is into or ^u ! fracture4 ,9 mo/ cases ) c>e x c be made z /rong z ev]4 ,:]e a rib is brok5 x %\ld be promptly replac$4 7,vide ,metal-,"w47 ,all trunks %\ld be cov]$ ) wat]pro( glue or v>ni%1 z x effectually protects !m f exposure to ! ra94 ,?is is v r>ely done1 h[ev]1 ! result be+ an imm5se am\nt ( loss to all travell]s4 ,9 any t[n :]e !re is a *emi/'s %op1 & :]e a bit ( indi>ubb] is to be _h1 ev5 at ! /ation]'s1 a wat]pro( cem5t c be at once manufactur$4 ,! easie/ ( ^! to prep>e is ! foll[+3-- ,gutta-p]*a #ajj ,p9e res9 #bjj ,! res9 is fir/ melt$ 9 a pan1 ! gutta-p]*a1 9 v small bits1 be+ gradually /irr$ 9 till all is amalgamat$4 ,:5 us$ x mu/ be w>m$ aga94 ,?is cem5t c be us$ = z _m diff]5t articles z ! prec$+4 ,x may "h be not$ t va/ quantities ( wa/e lea!r f %oemak]s & bookb9d]s1 :i* sell = a m]e trifle1 c be utilis$ to make admirable wat]pro( c>pets & wall-cov]s4 ,! lea!r is fir/ soak$ till s(t1 !n smoo!d out & mix$ ) wat]pro( cem5t1 & roll$ into "o flat piece4 ,?is makes a v *eap sub-c>pet = w9t]--bett] ?an oil-clo?1 be+ s(t]4 ,= walls x c be press$ 9 m\lds1 gild$1 or pa9t$4 ,if v>ni%$ !re is no unpleasant smell f x4 ,! h>d] x is compress$ or roll$ ! m w all smell disappe>4 ,ev5 ) roll+ by h& ) a bread-roll] almo/ all sub/ances--= in/ance1 pap]1 clo?-rags1 sawdu/1 lea!r1 clay1 wool1 cotton-wool1 :5 comb9$ ) any fit adhesive or cem5t--c be made v h>d or t\gh2 & x is rem>kable1 consid]+ ! *eapness ( ! mat]ials1 h[ little ?is pr9ciple is z yet appli$4 ,x may be rem>k$ t !re are _m p :o d n "k :at to d :5 ! sole ( a boot splits (f or we>s away & !re is no %oemak] at h&4 ,if ! heel is lo/ & no lea!r c be _h1 a v good sub/itute c be cut f wood & cem5t$ on4 ,a few tacks w make x la/ z long almo/ z lea!r4 ,if a piece ( sole lea!r c be got1 ev5 f ano!r old %oe1 "o or two lay]s c be cem5t$ on to make a sole4 ,a %ort screw or nail ?r\gh ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! heel greatly aids 9 mak+ ! lay]s adh]e4 ,?is may also be done ) a vice4 ,9 ! t[n ( ,bagni di ,lucca1 :]e ,i n[ am1 a pair ( lea!r %oes ) wood5 soles1 su* z are commonly worn by wom5 & *ildr51 co/ only fivep5ce4 ,!y are1 ( c\rse1 r\gh1 b /ill f> bett] ?an none4 ,! sole is rudely & v easily cut1 ) a high heel1 f :ite p9e or l>* wood4 ,! upp] is a s+le piece ( lea!r1 :i* only cov]s ! front half ( ! foot4 ,x is moi/5$ & b5t into %ape1 & !n tack$ or glu$ on4 ,_m p simply buy ! soles1 !n ! lea!r1 & make ! %oes = !mselves1 9 :i* case ! exp5se does n am\nt to m ?an twop5ce4 ,9 ,flor5ce !re is (t5 add$ to ?is ! back1 or heel-piece1 :i* co/s twop5ce m1 & makes an almo/ p]fect %oe4 ,?is art w\ld be wor? kn[+ 9 a wild c\ntry4 ,illu/ration3 ,italian 7,luc*ese7 ,peasant ,%oe1 co/+ f #e;d4 to #h;d4 p] pair1 undecorat$4 ,,lehn] 7vide ,indi>ubb] & ,gutta-p]*a7 specially comm5ds = m5d+ soles ! composition (--,gutta-p]*a1 #aj2 b5z9e1 #ajj2 l9se$-oil v>ni%1 #ajj4 ,x is extremely ela/ic & t\gh1 & !re=e suitable to soles4 ,mix$ ) black dye1 or made ) japan1 x =ms pat5t lea!r or poli%$ lea!r4 ,x %\ld = ?is purpose be appli$ ) a broad bru% 9 ?9 successive coats1 & well dri$ be=e apply+ a new "o4 ,?is is f> sup]ior to ord9>y black+2 x is m easily appli$1 & does n injure ! lea!r s mu*1 because ! latt] is (t5 made ) vitriol1 :i*1 :ile x promptly gives a %9e1 eats away ! fibre4 ,boots & %oes w1 9 fact1 we> mu* long] ) ?is coat+ ?an )\t x4 ,?is is ev5 m applicable to a great deal ( h>ness1 saddle1 & bridle m5d+1 & re/or+ %eet lea!r 9 e =m2 z1 = in/ance1 waggon curta9s1 :5 worn & dry4 ,fir/ s(t5 ! lea!r1 !n re/ore its quality1 if requir$1 ) tann9 or indi>ubb] 9 solution4 ,if v dry & exhau/$1 x may fir/ be treat$ ) neat's-foot oil = sev]al days4 ,!n sew x up1 if a seam1 or m5d by apply+ lea!r & ! cem5t4 ,if all p]sons :o own mu* h>ness w\ld c>efully /udy ?is subject1 !y w\ld be a/oni%$ to f9d :at economy c\ld be effect$ by judici\s m5d+4 ,x may happ5 t ! read] may h occasion to wi% to r5ew black1 glaz$ lea!r-"w1 or to make a brilliant black patt]n on a br[n gr\nd 9 /amp$ lea!r4 ,i h (t5 execut$ x ) success4 ,9 su* a case x suffices to simply black5 ! lea!r ) ink or dye1 & !n coat x ) any flexible v>ni%2 t is1 "o into :i* glyc]9e or gutta-p]*a has be5 infus$4 ,any "o :o c draw c 9 ?is mann] execute v beautiful "w = cov]+ walls1 panels1 *e/s1 or doors4 ,or flexible black v>ni% c be directly appli$4 ,,lehn] gives a recipe = atta*+ lea!r to metal1 :i* may also be appli$ to any o!r sub/ance3--,cov] ! lea!r ) a ?9 & v hot coat+ ( glue1 press x on ! metal1 & !n wet ! o!r side ) a /rong solution ( gall-apples or tann9 7,lohe1 extract ( oak-b>k7 till x is ?or\ghly-p5etrat$4 ,! tann9 comb9es ) ! glue1 & atta*es ! lea!r ) extreme t5acity to ! metal1 c4 ,x is advisable to r\gh5 ! metallic surface to facilitate adhesion4 ,by comb9+ glue 7& _m o!r adhesives7 directly ) ! tann9 or gall nut a/r+5t we obta9 a wat]pro( cem5t ( great /r5g?1 :i* is v useful = %oes4 ,x is1 9 fact1 n at all a difficult matt]1 :]e o!r appliances are want+1 to make f lea!r1 )\t sew+1 a sol$ %oe :5 tann9 & glue are obta9able4 ,! same c be done ) canvas4 ,dur+ ! great w>s 9 ,am]ica ?\s&s ( soldi]s (t5 w5t b>efoot 9 w9t]-"t1 ) abundance ( horses or cattle kill$ all r\nd !m1 because !y did n "k t a /rong moccas9 c be made by cutt+ out a piece ( raw hide1 pi]c+ holes 9 x1 & draw+ x up l a bag r\nd ! ankles1 z is s commonly done "h 9 ! m\nta9 di/ricts 9 ,italy4 ,i once a/oni%$ a soldi] 9 ! w> by sugge/+ ?is1 & he decl>$ he mu/ try x4 ,x is rem>kable h[ r>ely man 9 an un$ucat$ /ate ev] inv5ts any?+1 be x a my?1 a tale1 or a practical inv5tion4 ,if ! upp] lea!r ( a slipp] or %oe be cut out1 x c1 if wet1 be easily made to assume ! =m ( a foot by dry+ x on a la/1 or ev5 on ano!r %oe4 ,let ! seam ( ! back jut or flap ov] ! edge1 & all[ full selvage = ! re/ to turn "u ! sole4 ,! latt] may be ( sole lea!r4 ,if !re is none1 glue two or ?ree pieces ( ! lea!r toge!r ) ! tann9 cem5t1 & roll !m ov] /rongly4 ,!n glue ! back & ! "u-lap ) great c>e4 ,) a little practice a fairly good %oe c be ?us made4 ,canvas c be us$ 9 ! same way4 ,to dwell]s 9 ! wild]ness ?is may be valuable in=mation4 ,b v pretty ornam5tal slipp]s c be made by "y ladies out ( scraps ( gaily col\r$ lea!r4 ,!y c buy a pair ( soles1 & get ! lea!r at a lea!r-deal]'s4 ,?is is all simply sub/itut+ glue+ = sew+1 & /rong tann9-glue holds q z /rongly z a great deal ( ! sew+ ( *eap1 ma*9e-made %oes4 ,x w\ld1 inde$1 n be a v difficult or exp5sive ?+ to %oe or clo! all mank9d com=tably1 7 x n = ! fa%ions foll[$ by ! weal?y4 ,^! v *eap %oes1 made ) ei!r wood5 or lea!r soles1 & t s easily t a *ild c le>n to manufacture !m 9 an h\r1 c be easily ornam5t$ s z to be really attractive4 ,take ! lea!r1 moi/5 x ) a sponge1 & !n ) a trac]1 :i* is l ! end ( a screw-driv]--i4e4-- ,illu/ration draw a patt]n 9 ! damp1 s(t lea!r4 ,:5 x dries ! patt]n w rema94 ,!n ) a po9t or /amp1 dot or r\gh5 ! gr\nd4 ,f9ally1 :5 dry1 pa9t ! patt]n black1 & !n v>ni% x4 ,anybody ) ! lea/ k ( draw+ c make & sell su* ornam5t$ %oes = a good pr(it1 z !y are z yet h>dly kn[n to anybody4 ,o!r col\rs may be sub/itut$ = black1 or gild+ appli$4 ,i h 9 ano!r place %[n 7vide ,papi]-,m*7 h[ good artificial lea!r c be made by comb9+ pap]--be/ 9 pulp--) indi>ubb] & b5zole fluid solution4 ,also h[ soles c be made by /eep+ pa/ebo>d 9 ! same1 & h[ ^!1 :i* are v easily & *eaply made1 c be glu$ on to ! lea!r s z to protect ! latt] f we>+ out1 = ev]1 if r5ew$4 ,a bottle ( ?is cem5t1 comb9$ ) ,diamond or ,turki% ,cem5t1 w 9 l mann] repair boots :5 ! sole beg9s to split or "p2 & if appli$ :5 x beg9s to gape1 x w be clos$ = a long "t4 ,?is is su* a practical1 *eap1 & easy me?od ( mak+ boots & %oes la/1 t my wond] is t e man :o goes %od1 & especially e travell]1 has n a bottle ( x by him4 ,obs]ve t ! two edges %\ld be well p9*$ or screw$ toge!r 7a six-p5ny vice w answ] = ?is71 & ! lea!r fir/ heat$1 ?\gh all ?is is n a s9e qu non1 b only an improvem5t4 ,lea!r ?us atta*$ by a v /rong cem5t is q z durable & mu* pleasant] to we> ?an 8copp] toes0 or iron heels1 :i* assimilate _! we>]s to horses4 ,& x takes no long] to make & atta* a heel or a sole 9 ?is mann] ?an to black a pair ( boots1 z ,i h myself v]ifi$ )9 a few h\rs4 ,:]e seams rip out1 ! be/ repair+ is by sew+ z %oemak]s d1 :i* is n h>d to le>n1 & ,i advise all "y p to le>n x4 ,b :]e sew+ _c be resort$ to1 ! cem5t1 well appli$ & compress$ till dry1 w hold almo/ any break = a long "t4 ,i urge ladies ( all classes & conditions to c>efully consid] ?is *apt]4 ,!y are m accu/om$ to repair+ ?an m51 & w take to x m intellig5tly4 ,z _! *aussures are made ( ?9n] lea!r ?an ours1 !y ne$ repair (t5]1 b are1 on ! o!r h&1 s mu* ! easi] to repair4 ,e "m ( a family w at lea/ pr(it by /udy+ ?is book4 ,%oemak]s' pa/e1 mu* us$ = %oes1 belongs prop]ly to lea!r-"w4 ,x is made by boil+ cru%$ b>ley to a ?ick mess1 ! wat] be+ kept extremely hot4 ,x is !n set aside till f]m5tation beg9s1 :i* ann\nces itself by an extremely (f5sive smell4 ,!nce x passes to a /age 9 :i* x is a br[ni% syrupy mass1 possess+ great p[] z an adhesive4 ,x is n[ tak5 f ! fire & a little c>bolic acid add$ to arre/ f]m5tation4 ,?is c be us$ by itself = an adhesive2 x also comb9es well ) indiff]5t sub/ances1 su* z p[d]$ lime1 or *alk1 :ite z9c1 o*re1 clay1 or umb]4 ,x may be z well us$ = b9d+ books4 ,i h already giv5 a v good recipe = reunit+ brok5 lea!r /raps4 ,i "h add ano!r f ,,lehn]4 ,x is v good1 b h>dly wor? ! v consid]able extra tr\ble & exp5se z comp>$ to ! =m]3-- ,gild]s' glue #bej ,/urgeon's bladd] #fj ,gum-arabic #fj ,r$uce to bits & boil 9 wat] to a solution1 to :i* add3-- ,v5ice turp5t9e #e ,oil ( turp5t9e #f ,spirits ( w9e #aj ,! /rap-ends1 or pieces ( lea!r1 hav+ be5 ?or\ghly clean$1 are n[ cov]$ ) ! adhesive & press$ toge!r betwe5 hot plates1 :]e ! "w mu/ rema9 till cold4 ,a v good artificial lea!r1 p]fectly wat]pro(1 may be made by cov]+ a /rip ( /rong pap]1 or1 bett] /ill1 "o ( glaz$ musl91 ) ! gutta-p]*a cem5t4 ,add to ?is fre% lay]s ( cem5t & pap]1 till ! requisite ?ickness is obta9$4 ,?is is useful = m5d+ soles4 ,:]e ! gutta-p]*a or indi>ubb] cem5t is n to be _h1 sub/itute copal v>ni% & glyc]9e1 or ?ick turp5t9e v>ni% & a little glyc]9e4 ,,to ,,m5d ,,hats1 ,,blankets1 ,,& ,,simil> ,,fabrics ,,by ,,felt+ ,wool1 z is well kn[n1 if put into a pair ( %oes1 w pack or settle into a solid felt sole if ! %oes are worn4 ,?is felt is l clo?4 ,! same c be done by roll+ x l d\gh on a bo>d ) a roll]4 ,lay ! clo? or hat to be m5d$ s t ! felt to be made c be work$ into x4 ,!n take f9e wool & clean & roll x ?or\ghly1 work+ x into ! edges4 ,x may happ5 _m a "t to a man )\t a ne$le to succe$ 9 m5d+ g>m5ts 9 ?is mann]4 ,wat]pro( glue or adhesive1 su* z is fully describ$ 9 ! *apt] on ,indi>ubb]1 may be add$ to facilitate ! adhesion ( ! felt to ! clo? or felt gr\nd4 ,!re is a peculi> art or knack ( work+ moi/5$ felt into ! edges ( clo?1 & ( iron+ or press+ !m d[n s z n to %[1 :i* c1 h[ev]1 be soon acquir$4 ,9 ?is way clo? may be glu$ ^u clo? ) v good effect4 ,! extraord9>y t5acity & f95ess ( ! adhesives n[ made1 be x specially obs]v$1 r5d]s m5d+ ( ?is k9d 7:i* 0 impossible a g5]ation ago7 n[ p]fectly possible4 ,i advise ^? :o d\bt ?is to get a piece ( clo? & exp]im5t = !mselves4 ,! pat* may n be invisible1 b x w look bett] ?an if bot*$ ) a ne$le4 ,felt1 h[ev]1 c easily be repair$ to p]fection4 ,l>ge pieces ( /uff c be made by roll+ slightly gumm$ wool1 :i* fact _m m5 d n "k1 ev5 :5 liv+ 9 ! wild]ness1 :]e wool or hair may be abundant4 ,no?+ is s common z to see %eph]ds 9 utt] ragg$ness :]e ! v %r$s ( wool left by _! %eep on ! ?orns w\ld clo! !m1 ) a little indu/ry4 ,! quality1 durability1 & f95ess ( felt dep5d on ! quality ( ! wool1 & ! c>e & skill ( ! op]ator4 ,_m ( ! *eap clo?s kn[n z %oddy are really felts4 ,felt is easily =m$1 because "u c]ta9 conditions x seems to h a /range t5d5cy to =m itself4 ,! read] kn[s t a /r+ 9 ! pocket1 subject$ to our e movem5t1 w inevitably tangle & knot itself up 9 ! mo/ my/]i\s mann]2 & s ! fibres ( wool1 if rubb$ toge!r1 tw9e & b9d !mselves into mo/ intimate union4 ,i e>ne/ly advise all :o expect to live :]e %eep are pl5ty1 & tailors or seam/resses few & f> betwe51 to exp]im5t 9 felt-mak+1 &1 if possible1 le>n f a hatmak] h[ x is done4 ,!re 0 at "o "t 9 ,new ,york a factory :]e /rong1 s]viceable suits ( felt clo? 7 made1 & ^!1 consi/+ ( coat1 wai/coat1 & tr\s]s1 7 sold at retail = five doll>s1 or "o p\nd--,i myself hav+ se5 !m4 ,:5 a piece ( clo? is ?us adju/$ or appli$ to fill a hole or m5d a r5t1 ! edges may be ei!r simply gumm$ & adju/$1 or !y may be treat$ ) a mixture ( felt or clo?-du/ & gum4 ,9 ?is case1 be=e ! adhesive is q h>d1 yet aft] x has ceas$ to be s(t1 lay ov] ! pat* a piece ( clo? ( exactly ! same k9d1 & press x ) a w>m flat-iron4 7,vide ,invisible ,m5d+ ( ,g>m5ts1 ,laces1 or ,embroid]ies47 ,9 mo/ cases a torn wooll5 g>m5t may be v well re/or$ by c>efully sew+ a piece into ! hole1 or by unit+ ! edges ) long /it*es4 ,!n make a pa/e ( felt or du/1 or %ort1 f9e ?reads ( ! same clo?1 ) indi>ubb] cem5t1 & "w x ov] ! surface4 ,) practice ?is c be done s neatly z to q conceal ! m5d+4 ,pass an iron ov] ! :ole4 ,:5 indi>ubb] cem5t _c be obta9$1 glue mix$ ) "o-f\r? glyc]9e c be us$4 ,ammonia comb9$ ) wool =ms a solv5t :i* is also a cem5t4 ,i h n exp]im5t$ ) x4 ,,invisible ,,m5d+ ,,( ,,g>m5ts1 ,,laces1 ,,or ,,embroid]ies ,mo/ p are aw>e t !re are tailors or o!rs :o are su* arti/s 9 m5d+ t !y c sew up a r5t 89 almo/ any?+0 s skilfully t ! te> _c be p]ceiv$4 ,i h myself se5 ?is done s admirably 9 f9e black clo? t n only 0 !re no sign ( a te> p]ceptible1 b none 0 manife/ aft] long we>+ ! g>m5t4 ,?is nicety is p>tly due to skill1 b !re is also a me?od 9 x4 ,su* m5d+ is specially %[n 9 ,italy by ,jewesses 9 repair+ valuable old laces1 embroid]ies1 & ! l4 ,z a v l>ge proportion ( ^? :o buy & sell su* goods are ,jews1 x is b natural t _! wives & female fri5ds %\ld be specially employ$ 9 m5d+4 ,! process :i* !y employ is z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration 8,?read a ne$le ) "o ( y\r own hairs1 !n draw ! edge ( ! r5t or te> toge!r 9 ?is mann]1 d>n+ x1 z x 71 v f9ely & c>efully1 = x is 9 ?is t ! :ole art consi/s4 8,aft] ?is take a piece ( clo? z ne> l to ! /uff y wi% to m5d z y c obta94 ,lay ?is piece on ! r5t s z to cov] x1 !n damp x slightly1 & press x d[n ) a hot iron until ! surface looks q ev540 ,x may "h be obs]v$ t1 fir/ly1 ! ?9n] ! ?read us$1 s t x be only /rong en\gh to hold1 ! less probability is !re t ! repair w %[4 ,= ?is purpose1 = extremely delicate m5d+ a human hair is almo/ invisible2 = mo/ "w silk ?read w answ]4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 m likely to cut ?r\gh ! edge ?an a hair1 because ! hair is m ela/ic4 ,secondly1 x may be obs]v$ t ! s-call$ d>n+ is really a k9d ( invisible weav+1 & n a sew+ toge!r or a /it*+ close ( edges1 :i* latt]1 z x always puck]s up or rises1 mu/ %[ ! l9e ( repair4 ,! d>n+ has its /r5g? ( atta*m5t af> (f1 n close to ! edges2 x makes1 z x 71 a k9d ( network or a weav+ toge!r ( ! clo?--t is1 ! clo? is wov5 aga9 into "o piece by an invisible ?read :i* hides itself 9 ! ?ick] fabric4 ,! lay+ d[n ( a clo? ( precisely ! same texture z t m5d$1 & !n iron+ x1 is v +5i\s1 because "o ( a diff]5t k9d w\ld produce a diff]5t impression4 ,! fri5d f :om ,i receiv$ ! above1 ,miss ,,roma ,,li/]1 adds t ! ,jewesses d ?is k9d ( "w v well1 b ask a franc or tw5ty-five s\s = m5d+ ! smalle/ r5t4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ! torn %awl is once f9i%$ y _c see :]e ! hole has be54 ,some:at alli$ to ?is is ! pati5t ,g]man me?od ( m5d+ /ock+s by reknitt+2 also t ( spread+ /rong flexible glue on a pat* ( *amois4 ,?is is laid "u ! r5t1 ! edges be+ c>efully reunit$ ov] x4 ,i w\ld "h sugge/ t if ! te> be fir/ c>efully d>n$1 ev5 ) human hair or f9e/ silk1 & ! gumm$ lea!r !n appli$ to ! rev]se1 ! m5d+ w\ld endure = a mu* long] "t4 ,!re is a /it* kn[n 9 ,g]many z ,kett5/i*1 or *a9-/it*--?\gh x is n t :i* is g5]ally kn[n among u z ! 8,g]man *a9-/it*40 ,x is peculi>ly long & /rong1 & w hold toge!r ! edges ( ev5 s(t lea!r1 = :i* reason x is g5]ally us$ 9 ,turkey & ,russia to sew toge!r ! _m-col\r$ pieces ( lea!r su* z we see 9 ,kasan "w--slipp]s & boots--& cu%ions f ,con/ant9ople4 ,?is is a valuable /it* = close1 invisible m5d+4 ,x is alli$ to ! lock-/it* ( ! sew+-ma*9e4 ,a great v>iety ( fabrics c be c>efully adju/$ & drawn toge!r ov] a piece ( /rong1 glaz$ musl9 7( ! same col\r7 cov]$ ) wat]pro( glue--e4g41 indi>ubb] or glue & rubb] cem5t--s t ! m5d+ w n be app>5t4 ,?is process is v applicable to loose skirts1 or to any g>m5ts on :i* !re is no su* sev]e pull1 z1 e4g41 tr\s]s or coat-sleeves4 ,to effect ^! z well z all o!r repairs p]fectly x w be necess>y to exp]im5t a few times4 ,un=tunately ne>ly all amateurs )\t exception make no exp]im5t till x is necess>y to repair some?+1 & !n1 because !y v naturally bot* x1 f9d fault ) ! recipe4 ,yet1 /rangely z x may s\nd1 !re are _m cases 9 :i* m5d+ or mak+ fabrics c be execut$ f> m neatly ) a v /rong cem5t1 su* z t ( ma/ic & /urgeon's bladd]1 ?an ) ne$le & ?read1 ! =m] actually requir+ less m>g9 to hold ?an ! av]age wid? ( a seam1 = ! lea/ possible ov]lap suffices to b9d :]e ! adhesive is /rong4 ,?is process ( m5d+ is little kn[n1 probably because !re has be5 hi!rto v little g5]al k ( ! imm5se /r5g? & t5acity ( c]ta9 cem5ts1 :i* h1 inde$1 only be5 discov]$ ( late4 ,= all ord9>y m5d+1 9 fact1 glue ) glyc]9e1 or glue & indi>ubb] solution 9 b5zole1 w answ] z well z ! f> m exp5sive ,turki% or ,diamond cem5t4 ,if ! read] w only reflect t a l>ge proportion ( all black & glossy silks are heavily gumm$1 sometimes up to _! own weight1 x w be und]/ood t !re c be no sub/ance ) :i* !y c be m appropriately m5d$ ?an ) cem5t--a fact well kn[n to _m :o employ po/age-/amps or black c\rt-pla/] to heal _! r5ts2 b z ?is is g5]ally v exp5sive1 & z any old silk & glue or gelat9e1 or dextr9e1 answ] j z well1 ! latt] _h bett] be consid]$4 ,!re is mu* weav+ ( ! mo/ exquisite fabrics done 9 ! ,ea/1 & ev5 among savages1 almo/ entirely by h&2 t is to say1 ! ?reads are simply atta*$ to a rod1 :ile ! wo( is work$ 9 ) a ne$le4 ,mo/ fabrics c be m5d$ by an analog\s process1 :i* is a remak+ ! clo?4 ,mu* dep5ds on ! prop] f9i%+ or dress+ ! surface by lay+ on x a piece ( clo? & iron+ x4 ,,m5d+ ,,"m-,,(-,,pe>l ,,& ,,coral ,"m-(-,pe>l is ! %ell ( ! pe>l-oy/] 7,avigula m>g>itif]a71 mu* admir$ = its beautiful texture & :ite col\r1 9 :i* !re is a peculi> iridesc5ce or ra9b[ play ( col\rs4 ,! be/1 & by f> ! pr9cipal portion 9 comm]ce1 comes f ! isl&s ( ! ,pacific4 ,x has ris5 imm5sely 9 value ( late ye>s4 ,almo/1 if n q1 equal to x is ! ,ea/ ,indian1 f ! ,sulu ,isl&s1 ,ceylon1 & ,ad51 or ! ,p]sian ,gulf4 ,an inf]ior k9d comes f ! ,ea/]n ,m$it]ranean1 also ano!r f ,am]ica4 ,! iridesc5t glaze1 accompani$ ) m or less ( ! "m or solid sub/ance1 is f\nd 9 a v great numb] ( %ells2 e4g41 ! ,pet]'s ,e> 7,halyotis iris7 ( ! ,pacific2 also 9 common mussels1 especially ! ,unio1 f\nd 9 mo/ cle> /reams or brooks 9 ,europe & ,am]ica :]e !re is n mu* lime4 ,^! (t5 yield pe>ls ( great value4 ,"m-(-pe>l c be saw$ )\t any great difficulty into plates1 :i* are poli%$ ) f9e s& & !n ) tripoli4 ,( late a great deal ( small furniture inlaid ) squ>es & triangles ( ?is mat]ial has f\nd its way f ,turkey & ,p]sia to ,london4 ,^! pieces are simply atta*$ ) cem5t made ( /urgeon's bladd]1 ma/ic1 salmiac1 or ev5 glue4 ,!y c g5]ally be obta9$ f deal]s 9 ,ori5tal goods4 ,,abraham ,,sassoon1 ( ,w>d\r ,/reet1 w supply !m 9 any quantity4 ,,l\is ,,edg> ,,&,s & ,,sigmund ,,lehn]1 bo? exp]im5tal te*nologi/s1 h giv5 sev]al curi\s recipes = imitat+ "m-(-pe>l4 ,f fil+ or gr9d+1 ! be/ "m-(-pe>l %ell becomes l a :ite metal1 :i* c be comb9$ ) :ite ( egg or pure :ite gelat9e to a f9e m>ble-l sub/ance1 :i*1 h[ev]1 lacks iridesc5ce4 ,brok5 into v small pieces1 :i* are set 9 a b$ ( glue & glyc]9e1 & !n cov]$1 :5 dry1 ) ano!r coat+ ( ! same1 we h :at its inv5tor1 ,l,e,h,n,er1 assures u is a v good imitation ( pe>l-%ell4 ,b !re is scal$ away f a v>iety ( %ells a coat+ ( nacre1 or col\r$ glaze1 :i* :5 p[d]$ /ill reta9s ! pe>ly lu/re4 ,?is may be tak5 ev5 f ! common ,am]ican oy/] or all mussels4 ,accord+ to ,,&,s1 :o ref]s1 ,i ?9k1 to ?is1 x c be laid on any sub/ance & cov]$ ) a gum-glaze4 ,he also in=ms u t ! pe>l-l inn] lay]s ( oy/]-%ells1 or ( any o!r k9d1 r$uc$ to p[d] & mix$ ) /urgeon's bladd] & spirits1 pa9t$ on grey pap] 9 sev]al coats1 pres5t ! appe>ance ( nacre4 ,i h se5 specim5s ( su* pa9t+ :i* 7 inde$ v pretty1 b ! pe>ly iridesc5ce 0 r fa9t4 ,accord+ to ! au?or1 ! pe>ly brilliancy is mu* increas$ by an addition ( silv]-bronze p[d]4 ,i conclude f ?is1 n hav+ 9 ?is in/ance exp]im5t$ p]sonally1 save 9 c>v+ pe>l1 t co>se p[d]s ( ! highly col\r$ gre5i% & o!r nacres ( tropical %ells1 z well z ( ! ,european mussel & "s o!r %ells1 c be comb9$ ) b9d+-gums ( a transp>5t nature s z to =m a v admirable imitation ( "m-(-pe>l4 ,i may "h rem>k1 9 connection ) ?is1 t ! common ,am]ican clam 7,v5us m]c]n>ia7 has a :ite %ell ( int5se h>dness1 :i*1 :5 poli%$1 is z beautiful z porcela9 or ivory2 also t ! purple spot 9 ! ,am]ican oy/]-%ell1 f :i* ! ,indians made a v h>d & beautiful bead1 might easily be drill$ out = buttons4 ,a v beautiful imitation ( "m-(-pe>l is made 9 ,japan4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 iridesc5t4 ,x is said to be made ) rice4 ,i conjecture t ?is is rice treat$ ) dilut$ acid4 ,i h be=e me n[ a /r+ ( #djj imitation r$ coral beads1 price twop5ce1 su* z are commonly sold ev]y:]e4 ,!y are manufactur$ ( v]milion p[d]1 rice-fl\r1 & gum1 &1 :5 !y are c>efully made1 are extremely h>d & durable1 s mu* s t ! composition may be us$ to m5d brok5 articles made ( r$ coral4 ,su* objects 9 a fractur$ /ate are v common 9 curiosity %ops1 b ! art ( repair+ !m seems to be z yet unkn[n1 ?\gh x is extremely pr(itable4 ,( coral1 ,,lehn] tells u t celluloid 9 comb9ation ) diff]5t sub/ances--e4g41 :ite z9c or c9nab>--c be col\r$ f delicate rose to fi]y v]milion1 & =ms a v close imitation ( coral4 ,a v good & mu* *eap] imitation c be made by prep>+ p]fectly :ite pap]-pa/e 7vide ,papi]-,m*71 & comb9+ x ) v]milion1 z9c1 c4 ,f su* artificial coral v beautiful cups1 plates1 & ornam5ts = inlay+1 beads1 p5dants = jewell]y1 book-cov]s1 c41 c easily be made4 ,! col\r c be v>i$ to turquoise1 em]ald1 ebony1 ivory1 c41 by simply *ang+ ! col\r+-p[d]s us$4 ,!re is a v *eap & common imitation ( coral made by dipp+ v]micelli1 twigs1 c41 into a solution ( r$ seal+-wax 9 spirits ( w9e4 ,?is is1 h[ev]1 extremely brittle4 ,:ite m>ble-du/1 or v f9e :ite fl9t s&1 comb9$ ) v]milion & silicate ( soda1 is said to produce a v admirable imitation ( coral4 ,! basis ( levigat$ s&1 or c>bonate ( lime1 ) silicate1 c be v>i$ ) ! dyes to imitate any gems1 & is invaluable = m5d+ pott]y or /one-"w4 ,coral & sev]al o!r sub/ances are also imitat$ by comb9+ ab\t n9e p>ts ( v cle> glue to "o ( glyc]9e4 ,?is is qualifi$ ) "o equival5t ( :ite z9c or dye-/uffs4 ,?us ! glue basis is comb9$ ) colco?>1 o*re-sepia1 umb]1 o*re1 or *rome4 ,?is is also a valuable cem5t = m5d+ a great v>iety ( objects4 ,any f9e :ite %ells gr\nd to p[d] may be comb9$ ) gum & a v little glyc]9e & v]milion to make artificial coral2 also :ite glue or gelat9e ) glyc]9e4 ,?is may be made 9 quantity = ca/s ( all k9ds ( objects1 su* z plates 9 inlaid "w4 ,,re/or+ ,,& ,,repair+ ,,pictures 8,! re/oration ( disfigur$ & decay$ works ( art is next 9 importance to _! production40--,field1 ,*romatography4 ,i publi%$ 9 #ahfd a "w entitl$ ,! ,egyptian ,sket* ,book1 :i* began ) ! foll[+ abridg$ acc\nt ( h[ oil pictures are clean$3-- 8,?ree "y pa9t]s _h (t5 he>d :at ! ,am]ican ,,page has prov$1 t by c>efully peel+ ! pictures ( c]ta9 great arti/s1 coat by coat1 "o may le>n all _! secrets ( col\r4 ,s1 hav+ obta9$ an und\bt$ ,titian1 repres5t+ ! ,holy ,virg91 !y laid x on a table & proce$$ to remove ! out] v>ni% by means ( friction ) ! f+]s2 :i* v>ni% v soon rose up 9 a cl\d ( :ite du/1 & act$ v mu* z a %[] ( snuff w\ld h done4 8,!n !y arriv$ at ! #8nak$ col\rs1' :i* _h by ?is "t assum$ a v crude =m1 ow+ to ! fact t a c]ta9 am\nt ( liquori% t9cture1 z ( ,turkey rhub>b1 or t9ct4 rhab>b>a1 _h become incorporat$ ) ! v>ni%1 & to :i* ! col\rs _h be5 indebt$ = _! gold5 w>m?4 8,?is br\ght !m to ! glaz+ prop]1 :i* _h be5 depriv$ ( ! evid5ce ( ! age or antiquity by ! removal ( ! pat91 or little cups1 :i* _h =m$ 9 ! canvas betwe5 ! web & ! wo(4 8,! next process 0 to remove ! glaze f ! saffron robe1 compos$ ( yell[ lake & burnt si5na4 ,?is br\ght !m to a flame col\r1 9 :i* ! modell+ _h be5 made4 ,!y next attack$ ! robe ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 & hav+ tak5 away ! crimson lake1 7 a/oni%$ to f9d a gre5i% drab4 ,:5 !y _h ?us 9 turn remov$ e col\r 9 ! picture1 dissect+ e "p by dilig5t c>e1 loos5+ e glaze by solv5ts too num]\s to m5tion--includ+ alcohol & v>i\s adaptations ( alkali--!y _h ! ineffable satisfaction ( see+ ! design 9 a condition ( crude1 blank *i>oscuro4 ,bl9d$ by en?usiasm1 hav+ made c>eful notes ( all !y _h done1 !y flew at ! :ite & black ) pumice-/one & pota%2 :51 lo & behold6 some?+ v rubicund appe>$1 :i* fur!r excavation decl>$ 0 ! tip ( ! r$--nose ( ,k+ ,george ! ,f\r?6 ,! ,titian = :i* !y _h sacrific$ s mu* 0 a false god40 ,! =ego+ extracts 7 dictat$ by ! late ,,h5ry ,,m]ritt1 a v di/+ui%$ re/or] & arti/1 ! au?or ( ,pictures & ,art sep>at$ 9 ! ,works ( ! ,old ,ma/]s1 & o!r works ( :i* ,i c truly say t ! "n ,,m]ritt indicates t nom5 e/ om54 ,i 0 (t5 by him :ile at 8 "w1 & _h ! b5efit ( see+ ! processes employ$ & ! progress :i* he made 9 br++ to light ! 8buri$ beauties0 ( pictures by great arti/s4 ,:at ,i h s9ce le>n$ 9 addition w be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,?\gh x is simple & easy to describe ! mann] 9 :i* old pictures 9 g5]al are re/or$1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t1 z reg>ds a detail$ & compreh5sive description1 ! task w\ld be ! mo/ difficult 9 ! :ole range ( repair+2 = :5 a picture has suff]$ s mu* t repa9t+ is absolutely necess>y1 !n no?+ b ! skill ( ! orig9al arti/ himself w\ld ev] d full ju/ice to x4 ,9 _m cases we h pictures1 l decay$ works 9 wood1 s f> gone t only a m]e h9t or sket* ( ! orig9al rema9s1 s t !y are g5]ally deem$ n wor? keep+4 ,9 su* cases ! re/or] or repair] may v well d 8 be/4 ,!re is1 & always w be1 an imm5se field = e skill$ repair] 9 ?is remak+ ( antiques1 to great pr(it1 because !re is an unlimit$ supply ( mat]ial1 almo/ ev]y:]e1 :]e) to "w4 ,to be a p]fectly accompli%$ re/or] ( pictures "o %\ld be an exp]t 9 *emi/ry1 & n only "o v famili> ) all ! /yles & s*ools ( art1 & gift$ ) great k ( ! te*nique ( great arti/s1 b also no mean pa9t] oneself4 ,!re is a v g5]al1 b v vulg> & /upid1 popul> belief t ! re/oration & clean+ ( old pictures is a m]ely me*anical art1 ab\t on a p> ) h\se-pa9t+ z reg>ds skill or intellig5ce2 b ?is ,i e>ne/ly d5y1 hav+ f\nd1 s9ce ,i h practis$ x myself1 t x af=ds a wide field to +5uity1 & t ! greate/ arti/s liv+--,i c>e n :o !y may be--c f9d 9 re/oration tasks :i* w\ld fully tax all _! skill1 k1 or g5ius4 ,be=e proce$+ to clean or repair a picture x is (t5 advisable = ! arti/ to make an outl9e sket* ( x ) great c>e1 9 ord] to correct & guide him 9 details4 ,to d ?is1 take v transp>5t trac+-pap]--! recipe = mak+ :i* is else:]e giv5--!n ) a s(t crayon-p5cil1 or a v black lead-p5cil 7f #c to #d ,b71 trace ! :ole4 ,if ! pap] be n transp>5t en\gh1 !n use ?9 glass1 or1 :at is f> bett]1 %eets ( mica1 gumm$ toge!r at ! edges1 :i* w n break ev5 if dropp$4 ,trace ! picture on ?is ) a f9e bru% & black oil-col\r1 or any black pa9t :i* w hold4 ,!n make a trac+ f ?is on transp>5t pap]4 ,to transf] crayon or lead p5cil draw+ to wood or pap]1 v slightly damp5 ! surface ( ! latt]1 lay ! trac+ on x face d[n1 & rub ! back ( ! latt] ) a burni%] or ivory pap]-knife4 ,x w ?us be p]fectly transf]r$4 ,?is mak+ prep>atory sket*es or copies w be f\nd 9 _m cases extremely useful1 z tra9+ ! eye c>efully to ! "w to be done4 ,x is n inv>iably true1 ?\gh a great au?ority on picture-clean+ 7,,h5ry ,,mog=d7 has decl>$ ! contr>y--t 8pictures 444 unque/ionably enjoy _! highe/ p]fection at ! fir/ mom5t ( production40 ,_m arti/s recognise ! tru? t a ye>1 or ev5 ye>s1 are ne$$ to give a c]ta9 delicate tone1 :i* is l ! rip5ess ( fruit1 to c]ta9 pictures2 & ! same is true ( c]ta9 arti/s1 ?\gh by no means 9 ! same degree ( all4 ,b !re are _m p]sons :o c associate ! mell[+ tones ( age or ! v5]able grey ( antiquity ) no?+ b dirt1 decay1 & pov]ty2 z 0 ! case ) an ,italian m>quis1 :o1 hav+ he>d t a di/+ui%$ arti/#d _h copi$ an old moss-gr[n wall or fragm5t ( ru9 on 8 e/ate1 s5t an apology to ! latt]1 /at+ t if he _h kn[n t su* a di/+ui%$ p]son int5d$ to copy x he w\ld h _h x clean$ & lime-wa%$1 n 9 gl>+ :ite 7he knew bett] ?an t1 he said71 b 9 light blue6 ,s ,i h kn[n an ,am]ican g5tleman to be di/ress$ at discov]+ ! appe>ance ( li*5 on a corn] ( a 8spick-&-span1 br&-new villa10 :i* he at once decl>$ mu/ be clean$ & pa9t$ all ov]4 ,p :o suff] f ?is vulg> mania ( ov]-sc\r+ are apt to imag9e t :5 !y detect ! lea/ sign ( age 9 a picture x sugge/s dirt & neglect1 & hurry x (f to ! clean]2 unless1 inde$ 7z is too (t5 ! case71 !y--) insuffici5t k1 & ) 8notions g5]ally d]iv$ f guess-"w1 & sugge/$ by ! usual arrangem5ts = tak+ c>e ( o!r h\sehold objects0--attempt to re/ore ! "w !mselves1 :i* has be5 ! cause ( ! ru9 ( ?\s&s ( great works ( art4 ,x may "h be obs]v$ t mod]n pictures1 ow+ to ! hurri$ processes ( manufacture & ! use ( *eap mat]ials 9 ma*9]y-made pa9ts1 *ange s rapidly t _m lose half _! value 9 fifty ye>s' "t4 ,&1 z if ?is 7 n en\gh1 we h ! sulphuric acids g5]at$ by coal-fires 7especially t f an?racite coal 9 ,am]ica1 :i* ev5 eats away ! lime 9 *imneys71 z well z ! delet]i\s effects ( gas1 vap\rs f food1 &1 f9ally1 ! want ( air & light 9 ev]-curta9$ & %ad$ rooms4 ,! causes1 9 fact1 :i* lead to det]ioration 9 pictures are almo/ z _m z ^? :i* produce diseases 9 man1 & 9 n a few in/ances !y w be f\nd to be ! same4 ,^! are1 z ,i h said1 f\l air or mal>ia1 or want ( fre% air1 dampness1 ! smoke ( c&les 9 *ur*es1 too long exposure to sun%9e1 ! exhalations ( *>coal1 sulphur1 s9ks1 c42 89 %ort1 all p5etrat+ sc5ts are injuri\s to pa9t+1 especially if x be new40 ,ow+ to ?is preval5ce ( gas & coal smoke 9 h\ses1 alli$ to ! bad quality ( pa9ts1 z n[ manufactur$ *eaply by ma*9]y1 x is1 inde$1 consid]$ d\btful :e!r any ( ! pictures pa9t$ dur+ ! reign ( ,que5 ,victoria w exi/ 9 8half-visible0 condition fifty or a hundr$ ye>s h5ce4 ,!re is1 z reg>ds !m1 a gr& future = ! re/or]4 ,"o ne$ only look at mo/ ( ,turn]'s e>li] pictures to fully v]ify :at is "h ass]t$4 ,! face ( all old pictures long unt\*$ w always be f\nd cov]$ m or less ) :at is simply dirt2 t is1 du/ m or less dissolv$ by moi/ure4 ,n[1 du/ consi/s simply ( all k9ds ( sub/ances1 ev5 invisible ext9ct animal organisms 9 va/ numb]s4 ,! fir/ /ep is simply to wa% away ?is dirt ) di/ill$ or ra9 wat] & ox-gall4 ,use a v s(t1 clean sponge1 & pass x ov] ! picture _m times4 ,! la/ "t wrap ! sponge 9 a clean1 :ite l95 or musl9 h&k]*ief to see :e!r ! surface is q clean4 ,?is & no?+ m w (t5 produce an a/oni%+ improvem5t4 ,! next task w be to remove ! v>ni%4 ,hot wat] attacks any v>ni%1 r$uc+ x to a dry p[d]2 b1 z ,m4 ,,g\pil rem>ks1 ?is is trs has>de1 or is v risky1 because x may also attack & dissolve any?+ l gum or glue 9 ! col\rs4 ,m4 ,,g\pil1 h[ev]1 sanctions ! use ( cold wat] 9 clean+ ev5 to m]e abuse1 9 :i* he is 9 contradiction to ,,h5ry ,,mog=d1 ^: "w ,i reg>d z by f> ! be/ ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$ on ! subject ( clean+ & re/or+ pictures :i* ,i h read4#e ,on ?is subject he says3-- 99 99 99 99 99 8,dur+ all op]ations ( l9+1 & ( picture-clean+ g5]ally1 saturation by wat] is att5d$ ) disa/r\s effects1 & ! use ( x %\ld !re=e be limit$ to application by means ( a squeez$ piece ( sponge1 or1 :at is bett]1 a piece ( buff lea!r1 soak$ & wrung out4 ,wat] is a mo/ dang]\s enemy to pictures2 x p5etrates to ! prim+ or gr\nd1 loos5s !m by promot+ decomposition ( ! size ) :i* !y are work$1 & ?us lays ! f\ndation = _! ev5tual dis9tegration & decay4 ,imbib$ damp w soon] or lat] cause ! de/ruction ( e wov5 mat]ial1 & :ile our daily exp]i5ce %[s its lam5table effects on ! walls ( our dwell+s1 x w be well = u to rememb] t x is no less de/ructive to ! canvas ( our pictures1 & to ! mat]ials :i* =m its prim+4 8,all ! pictures ( ! e>ly ma/]s ( ! ,italian s*ool1 & ^? ( ,claude & ,william ,v&]velde1 :i* are pa9t$ on *alk & absorb5t gr\nds1 are 9 ! greate/ dang] if wa%$ ) wat]4 ,x p5etrates ?r\gh ! small crevices :i* may exi/ 9 ! pa9t1 & (t5 totally de/roys ! picture4 ,if ! pa9t+ be ^u canvas1 l ^? ( ! two latt]-nam$ ma/]s1 x breaks into a ?\s& small l9es or cracks2 & if ^u panel1 l ! pictures ( ,raffaelle1 ,&rea del ,s>to1 or ,fra ,b>tolomeo1 x breaks up ! pa9t by scal+ x (f 9 small po9ts ( ! size ( a p9's head4 ,if ! picture1 aga91 is ( ! ,spani% s*ool1 & is pa9t$ ^u ! r$ absorb5t gr\nds & ^u a r\gh canvas1 wat] n only breaks ! unity ( its surface1 b f ! canvas be+ ( a co>s] texture ?an ! pictures ( ,claude or ,william ,v&]velde1 x (t5 p5etrates 9 a great] proportion1 & frequ5tly scales (f pieces z l>ge z a sixp5ce1 especially 9 ! d>k %ad[s1 or :]e ! gr\nd has n be5 suffici5tly protect$ by a ?ick impa/o 7heavy coat or gr\nd7 ( col\r4 ,at all times & to all pictures wat] is m or less dang]\s1 unless us$ ) ! greate/ caution1 & !n x %\ld only be appli$ by means ( a piece ( ?ick bucksk9 lea!r well wrung out1 & left j wet en\gh to slip lightly ov] ! surface ( ! picture4 ,9 ! case ( "s ma/]s1 z ) ^? we h specialis$ above1 ! free use ( wat] may be reg>d$ z next door to absolute de/ruction2 & ! w>m] & dri] ! wea!r ! m active & ru9\s ! op]ation4 ,in/ances h occurr$ 9 :i* an ,&rea del ,s>to1 a ,claude & a ,william ,v&]velde1 7 de/roy$ 9 a few m9utes by ! injudici\s use ( simple wat]40 99 99 99 99 99 ,i h giv5 ?is quotation 9 full1 because wat] is g5]ally ! fir/ ?+ freely resort$ to clean pictures by ! ignorant4 ,?us ,i h he>d ( v valuable pictures be+ actually giv5 to common s]vants or ! wa%]woman to sc\r clean1 :i* 0 effect$ ) soap & hot wat] & s&1 to ! spe$y ru9 ( ! "w4 ,nor is x any great wond] t ?is %\ld be done1 :5 we f9d 9 ,,g\pil',s "w t1 :ile he admits t cold wat] 8infiltrates itself p>tially to ! fissures ( a pa9t+ & does great h>m10 he decl>es t 8hot wat] acts diff]5tly10 giv+ ! impression t x may be v freely us$1 & decl>+ t 8clean cold wat] h>mlessly dissolves grease & dirt result+ f du/ deposit$ by ! air40 ,?is is true1 b he does n seem1 l ,mr4 ,,mog=d1 to h fully und]/ood ! o!r side ( ! "q4 7,manuel ,gnral et ,complet de la ,pe9ture l',huile1 p> ,f4 ,,g\pil47 ,= fir/ clean+ away impurities f a surface ,,mog=d recomm5ds ox-gall to be appli$ ) a s(t bru%4 ,?is may be obta9$ 9 %ill+ or six-p5ny bottles f ,w9sor ,newton1 or any o!r deal]s 9 arti/s' mat]ials4 8,x is10 he adds1 8an excell5t det]g5t1 :i* may be freely appli$ )\t fe>4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be well wa%$0 7i4e41 wip$7 8(f ) pure wat]1 or x w leave a clamm9ess on ! surface t may prev5t ! v>ni%1 aft]w>ds appli$1 f dry+40 ,b a di/9ction mu/ be c>efully borne 9 m9d betwe5 wa%+ ) wat] & lett+ x soak into a picture & simply wip+ (f ! surface ) a damp *amois or bucksk9 or s(t old l95 h&k]*ief4 ,9 fact1 ?is latt] is ! fir/ ?+ to be done be=e slightly clean+ ! surface ) ! dilut$ ox-gall4 ,x is v necess>y t ! skill$ clean] %all und]/& exactly ! nature ( v>ni%es1 s z to "k on :at he is to "w4 ,?us1 accord+ to ! picture1 he may employ 8liquor potass1 oil ( t>t>1 spirits ( w9e1 pure alcohol1 liquor ammoni =tis1 naph?a1 e!r1 soda1 & oil ( spike or lav5d]4 ,! v nom5clature ( ^! p[]ful ag5ts w at once %[ ! great risk ( _! be+ injudici\sly or c>elessly employ$40 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 n to all[ an excessive or unequal quantity ( clean+ fluid to ga!r 9 "o place4 ,!re=e all pictures %\ld be laid flat :ile be+ re/or$1 z /reams1 = in/ance ( ammonia1 w\ld cut v irregul>ly into a surface4 ,) pictures ( any value1 ! process ( clean+ is always v delicate1 requir+ mu* practice & v p]fect k ( all ! pr9ciples ( ! art4 ,:]e ! v>ni%es are t5d] & ?91 su* z ma/ic1 ,,mog=d advises ! use ( spirits ( w9e2 b to be sure t no h>m c be done by x1 x is desirable t 8! _s1 :i* is usually sold at #eh ( /r5g?1 %\ld be dilut$ by a f\r? "p ( wat]1 or by ! same proportion ( rectifi$ spirits ( turp5t9e1 or x may be us$ ) an addition ( a six? "p ( l9se$ oil1 add$ to ! dilut$ or pure _s40 ,9 e in/ance ! mixture is to be 8well %ak5 be=e tak510 or appli$4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to prev5t oil f s(t5+ ! pa9t1 :i* x is apt to d4 ,z a rule x is be/ to beg9 ) ! lighte/ or brighte/ portions ( a picture--z1 = in/ance1 ! face ( a portrait--z ^! p>ts are always ! h>de/4 ,beg9n+ by wip+ ! surface ) :ite cotton wool & turp5t9e1 obs]ve if any v>ni% comes (f on x1 & z soon z x is se5 *ange ! "p ( ! rubb] us$1 else y w g on simply tak+ up 8dirt0 f "o place & rubb+ x into ano!r4 ,?is is else:]e expla9$ z reg>ds clean+ clo? or absorb+ ink1 t we mu/ cont9ually subtract f & n add aga9 to ! gr\nd4 8,turp5t9e is a c\nt]act+ m$ium1 :i* in/antly arre/s ! action ( ! solv5t _s40 ,:5 all ! v>ni% has ?us be5 remov$1 ! :ole may be wip$ ov] ) spirits ( turp5t9e1 & !n :5 dry rev>ni%$1 if no?+ m be requir$4 ,rubb+ ) ! f+]s1 or p[d]s1 or any k9d ( dry clean+ mu/ be avoid$1 or else practis$ ) great c>e1 s9ce x produces an effect kn[n z wooll9ess1 :i* w beg9 to %[ v decid$ly aft] "s "t4 ,b :5 a picture has _h no v>ni% x c only be clean$ me*anically1 z by us+ tripoli1 pumice-/one1 or :it+4 ,?is me?od requires great skill4 ,sometimes a v f9e-edg$ scrap] or knife is us$ to ?9 ! v>ni% be=e us+ turp5t9e4 8,solv5ts10 adds ,mog=d1 8are only necess>y to remove v>ni%40 ,unv>ni%$ pictures are be/ clean$ by c>efully wip+ ) buff or *amois lea!r1 damp1 n wet1 aid$ by a little p[d]$ :it+4 ,v>ni%1 :5 n on a picture1 may1 h[ev]1 be remov$ by rubb+ x ) ! f+]s1 or palm1 or lea!r1 aid$ by p[d]$ res91 or ros94 ,= c]ta9 purposes1 z to make a panel ( a piano ?or\ghly season$ = heat1 &1 z x 71 enamel x1 a coat ( v>ni% is appli$1 & :5 dry is rubb$ d[n smoo? ) pumice-p[d] or res91 & ?is process is repeat$ _m times4 ,if pictures are pa9t$ 9 oil1 directly on canvas1 )\t a gr\nd1 ! pa9t s9ks d[n 9 betwe5 ! ?reads & lies ?9ly on !m4 ,!re=e if !re is rubb+ on ! surface ! gra9 ( ! canvas becomes v app>5t4 ,if oil-pa9t be laid directly on a panel ( wood1 ! s(t p>ts betwe5 ! h>d fibres1 l9es1 or gra9 %r9k away1 draw+ ! pa9t ) !m4 ,old arti/s avoid$ ?is by lay+ on a /rong gr\nd ( gesso or pla/] ( ,p>is mix$ ) glue or :ite ( eggs4 ,! great task 9 clean+ is to remove ! repa9t+ or coats ( pa9t :i* h be5 add$ by re/or]s4 ,i h se5 ?is done ) extraord9>y skill by ! late ,mr4 ,,m]ritt1 :o 0 recomm5d$ by ,,rusk91 & :o 0 ! fir/ & mo/ truly arti/ic re/or] ( 8 "t4 ,i c recall 8 clean+ ! mo/ beautiful ,c>poccio :i* ,i ev] saw1 & a magnific5t ,velasquez1 bo? ( :i* _h be5 repa9t$ aga9 & aga91 & 7 9 su* wret*$ condition t ev5 ! pa9t] ( ! latt] _h be5 mi/ak54 ,!y bore ab\t ! same relation :5 unt\*$ & aft]w>ds t a dirty old rag has to a magnific5t ca%m]e %awl4 8,cau/ic1 soap-mak]s' lye1 liquor potass1 pure alcohol1 & ! scrap]10 rem>ks ,,mog=d1 8are ! ord9>y means to take (f repa9ts2 all ( !m dang]\s appliances if n closely wat*$ & us$ )\t viol5ce or c>elessness40 ,x is advisable to exam9e c>efully ! backs ( old pictures = signatures1 date1 or docum5ts1 all ( :i* are sometimes pa/$ ov] ) o!r pap] or canvas4 ,once1 9 ,flor5ce1 ,i f\nd 9 a small %op a portrait ( ,*>les ,i41 b diff]+ 9 _m respects f any :i* ,i _h ev] se54 ,i told ! own] t x 0 by ,v&yke1 b he insi/$ on x t x 0 by an ,italian ) "s su* "n z ,guill]mo or ,gillonio1 till ,i propos$ t we %\ld exam9e ! back1 :]e we f\nd1 aft] "s inve/igation1 ! "n ( ,v&yke4 ,at :i* discov]y ! deal] promptly rais$ ! price ( ! picture f "o hundr$ to "o ?\s& francs1 & x 01 inde$1 *eap en\gh at t4 ,a lady to :om ,i n>rat$ ! occurr5ce said1 8,oh1 :y didn't y buy ! picture be=e y told ! man :o pa9t$ x80 ,to :i* ,i repli$1 8,= ! same reason t ,i did n /eal a valuable r+ out ( ! case 9 ! %op :5 8 back 0 turn$40 ,mu* is said ab\t ! %rewdness ( deal]s 9 antiques1 b x has (t5 happ5$ to me to expla9 to !m t articles 9 _! possession 7 wor? f> m ?an !y imag9$2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 !y w1 surmis+ t a ?+ may be wor? a great deal1 *>ge a fe>ful sum = some?+ t is m]ely c9que c5to2 e4g41 a ?\s& francs = :at is really de> at t54 ,i m5tion ?is 9 ord] t ! read] may realise 7:i* few d7 :at b>ga9s may be pick$ up by any "o :o kn[s any?+ ( art1 & especially ( ! humble art ( clean+1 m5d+1 or re/or+1 :i* lets u into a _w ( secrets ev5 9 high art1 & :i* is ( m use to a picture-buy] ?an all ! high-fl[n /hetic culture 9 all ! works ( all ! rhapsodi/s ( ! age4 ,! prec$+ rem>ks on clean+ 7 drawn *iefly f ! manual by ,h4 ,,mog=d1 & my own exp]i5ces4 ,i add to !m ^? ( ,m4 ,,g\pil on ! same subject4 ,! intellig5t lead] w f9d no difficulty 9 collect+ & draw+ 8 own inf]5ces f bo?3-- 8,:5 ! picture is c]ta9ly 9 oil1 /eam may be us$ to remove ! v>ni%4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 ! great risk ( loos5+ ! pa9t+ f its gr\nd40 ,b :5 a picture has be51 in/ead ( v>ni%$1 glaz$ ) :ite ( egg1 we h a coat+ :i*1 :5 old1 _c be dissolv$ by wat] or acids2 = ?is o!r & specially elaborate det]g5ts1 or clean]s1 are employ$4 ,!re are few sub/ances :i* s p]si/5tly h>d5 ) "t z ! :ite ( egg1 z does also ! yolk :5 boil$4 ,ord9>y v>ni%1 :5 dry & old1 c be remov$ by me*anically scrap+ or rubb+ ) f9e1 dry p[d]s1 su* z t ( res94 ,! du/ f ! v>ni% itself aids 9 ! op]ation4 ,?is process is sl[ & tiresome1 b x is v (t5 advisable to beg9 ) x1 aft] wa%+1 z x does n injure ! col\rs4 ,x is ne$less to say t x requires great skill1 c>e1 & exp]i5ce n to 8cut into ! col\r40 ,x may be rem>k$1 z reg>ds ?is1 t 9 all cases :]e !re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion betwe5 ! ,fr5* & ,engli% arti/--z 9 ! use ( wat]--we mu/ rememb] t bo? are1 or may be1 9 ! "r z reg>ds c]ta9 k9ds ( pictures4 ,s v>i$ are ! me?ods ( pa9t]s t x seems to me to be by f> wis] to describe diff]5t me?ods ?an to attempt ! impossible task ( giv+ infallible rules4 8,v>ni% c be remov$ by means ( spirits4 ,to effect ?is1 lay ! picture on a table1 & wet a small portion ( x ) spirits ( w9e4 ,aft] a m9ute or m1 wa% ! place ) clean wat] & a sponge4 ,?us1 little by little1 clean ! entire surface1 tak+ c>e n to injure ! pa9t1 ,:5 q dry1 apply new v>ni%40 ,practis$ re/or]s1 :o c tell by exam9ation & k ( ! me?ods employ$ by pa9t]s :at !y c v5ture on1 (t5 use det]g5ts :i* w\ld ru9 ! picture if appli$ by a p]son )\t exp]i5ce4 ,^! are alkal9e salts1 su* z wood-a%es or lye1 pe>l & pot a%es1 or salts ( t>t>1 all ( :i*1 except ! latt]1 are extremely haz>d\s = a tyro4 ,salts ( t>t> may be safely employ$ if we beg9 ) a feeble solution1 :i* may be gradually /r5g!n$4 ,wood-a%es1 v f9ely sift$1 are spread on ! face ( ! picture1 & delicately1 or c>efully & lightly1 rubb$ ) a s(t sponge4 ,?is mu/ be c>efully wa%$ away z soon z ! surface is clean$4 ,o!r det]g5ts fail+1 borax dissolv$ 9 wat] may be employ$4 ,?is works sl[ly b surely2 b1 z ,m4 ,,g\pil rem>ks1 ?is lessive1 l wood a%es1 mu/ n be left long on ! col\rs1 b be promptly wip$ away ) a sponge4 ,lime-wat] w s]ve z well z ! solution ( borax4 ,soaps ( diff]5t qualities are also us$ = clean+1 accord+ to ! /ate ( ! picture4 ,x may be "h aga9 rem>k$ t no exact rule c be giv5 reg>d+ an art specially f\nd$ on skill & exp]i5ce4 ,! beg9n] %\ld fir/ try 8 h& on a few common old pictures4 ,soap made into a foam or la!r ) wat] w g5]ally clean a surface1 h[ev] d>k x may be f smoke4 ,let ! foam settle completely1 & !n wipe x clean ) a damp sponge4 ,ess5tial oils1 especially turp5t9e1 or ^? ( spik5>d1 lav5d]1 & rosem>y--( ei!r two p>ts ( spirits ( w9e to "o ( turp5t9e1 c4--are commonly us$ to clean pictures4 ,pictures n v>ni%$ require great c>e & skill 9 clean+4 ,= ^! yea/ ) wat]1 or fl\r mix$ ) lime-wat]1 is employ$2 also spirits ( w9e or v9eg>4 ,ammonia is also us$4 ,,g\pil m5tions t "o ( ! mo/ dang]\s m$iums = ?is purpose is ! old "o ( ur9e1 & t x %\ld nev] be us$4 ,:5 ! canvas ( a picture is v old & rott51 x may be replac$ by a process requir+ ! utmo/ nicety4 ,if only c]ta9 portions are injur$1 x w suffice to glue pieces ( f9e canvas on ! back4 ,to completely transf] ! pa9t+1 gum ov] its surface two coats ( s(t pap]4 ,lay x on ! face1 & c>efully remove ! old canvas gr\nd4 ,?is is effect$ by wett+ e ?read till s(t1 & !n pick+ x away4 ,a piece ( pumice-/one & tweez]s are also us$4 ,:5 all fibres are remov$1 c>efully glue a canvas & apply x1 press+ x well on ! back ( ! pa9t4 ,be=e x is q dry1 press ! picture ) a w>m flat-iron1 n too hot4 ,!n remove ! pap] c>efully ) a damp sponge & by te>+4 ,to transf] a picture on wood1 ! back is sawn into _m small triangles or squ>es1 :i* are c>efully *isell$ away "o by "o4 ,!n ) files & scrap]s approa* ! pa9t till only a ?9 film ( wood rema9s4 ,! la/ remnant is wett$ ) a sponge1 & pick$ or scrap$ away4 ,fir/1 use pap] on ! face & re/ore z be=e4 ,!re is a great enemy to pictures 9 m\ld or mildew1 :i* has quasi-equival5ts 9 mu/1 dry-rot1 mucor1 or robigo4 ,x is divid$ by ,g\pil into app>5t s(t5+ & actual s(t5+ or mildew4 ,! =m] is mildew or m]e sup]ficial m\ld2 i4e41 a light vegetation :i* ga!rs on ! surface f g]ms 9 ! air4 ,x c easily be wip$ away1 & is caus$ by dampness4 ,sometimes1 :5 long root$1 x de/roys ! v>ni%1 :i* mu/ be replac$4 ,!re is also a m\ld :i* is prop]ly decay1 or a radical de/ruction ( fabric1 = :i* !re is1 9 fact1 no cure1 save 9 r5ew+ ! canvas & ret\*+ ! picture4 ,:]e a picture is pa9t$ by glaz+1 especially :]e v>ni% comes 9 in/ead ( body1 x is apt to crack or ?read l a cobweb4 ,9 "t ^! divisions w scale (f 9 flakes4 ,wax dissolv$ 9 turp5t9e is us$ = ! light cracks4 ,scal+ mu/ be treat$ by c>eful s(t5+ ) oil & press+ d[n a w>m iron4 ,! surface mu/1 previ\s to iron+1 be cov]$ ) *alk$ pap]4 ,x sometimes happ5s t a picture has be5 pa9t$ ov]1 & ,i h se5 a v di/+ui%$ re/or] 9 su* case succe$ 9 remov+ ! out] coat4 ,?is requires great k ( ! *emical prop]ties ( ! pa9t2 also ( solv5ts1 & ! diff]5t me?ods ( scrap+1 absorb+1 c4 ,/ill1 x c be le>n$ ) pati5ce4 ,extraord9>y results h be5 ?us obta9$4 ,x has (t5 happ5$ t m5 ) little or no k ( pa9t+ h fanci$ !mselves capable ( 8repair+0 v valuable pictures1 & s sme>$ !m ov] to utt] ru94 ,be=e attempt+ to ret\* an old picture1 let ! re/or] make a copy ( x4 ,if he c d ?is v well he is qualifi$ = 8 "w1 & n o!rwise4 ,! frat]nity ( picture-clean]s & m5d]s may prote/ aga9/ ?is2 b ! va/ am\nt--,i may say ! va/ proportion1 mean+ ! majority--( good pictures spoil$ by bad ret\*+ confirms ! tru? ( my ass]tion4 ,x is wor? rem>k+ 9 ?is connection t v few amateurs1 /hetes1 or 8connoisseurs10 s call$1 appreciate ! value ( m]e te*nique or practical "w 9 art4 ,!y 8sw>m = ! ideal10 & t is all4 ,! great ma/]s 7 wis] ?an ?is4 ,x w\ld d mu* good if v g5]\s prizes on a l>ge scale 7 to be paid annually = copies ( great pictures4 ,& ,i w\ld h rew>ds giv5 specially = pictures pa9t$ ) col\rs prep>$ by ! arti/s !mselves f *emically pure & unalt]able mat]ials1 accord+ to ! anci5t recipes4 ,i w\ld l to see a society =m$ ( arti/s :o w\ld produce su* "w4 ,x w\ld c]ta9ly f9d buy]s--9 "t4 ,!re are to be f\nd 9 mo/ curiosity %ops 9 ,italy panel pictures ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 e>li] or lat]1 ) gold gr\nds1 :i* c be _h ( all prices1 f a v few francs upw>d4 ,!y are )\t "n & ( no great arti/ic m]it1 b v curi\s & int]e/+ inde$ z anci5t relics pa9t$ 8be=e oil10 & z inspir$ ) ! _s ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,^! g5]ally require re/oration4 ,!y 7 pa9t$ on wood ( all k9ds1 v (t5 on deal4 ,! surface 0 cov]$ ) a ?9 coat ( gesso or pla/] ( ,p>is1 mix$ ) ! :ite ( egg1 & on ?is ! gild+ & pa9t 7 appli$4 ,! latt] 0 9 :ite ( egg & fig-juice1 or encau/ic--t is1 wax & :ite ( egg1 :i* is ! mo/ anci5t & durable me?od kn[n2 s mu* s t long aft] e oil-pa9t+ ev] execut$ 7if left to itself7 w h disappe>$1 ! anci5t ,egyptian1 ,roman1 or ,middle ,ages pictures w be z fre% z if made ye/]day4 ,if a panel be w>p$ or b5t1 x is /raight5$ by damp+ ! concave side1 & screw+ to x crosspieces4 ,if ! gr\nd be scal$ away1 supply x ) p[d]$ pla/] ( ,p>is mix$ ) gum-wat]4 ,! repa9t+ c be execut$ ) wat]-col\rs mix$ ) :ite ( egg1 g\a*e1 or ev5 oil 9 small quantities1 :i* %\ld be r rubb$ 9 or glaz$ ?an pa9t$ 9 body4 ,a common panel picture ( ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5tury1 pa9t$ ) :ite ( egg1 c be well en\gh re/or$ ) wat]-col\r1 or g\a*e1 & !n v>ni%$4 ,b ! col\r ) g\a*e m$ium w n hold well1 except on ! gesso-gr\nd4 ,x is apt to scale (f f any smoo?1 h>d surface4 ,!re=e x is difficult to re/ore !m by pa9t+ on ! old h>d glaze4 ,mo/ ( ! m$iums :i* are sold to height5 wat]-col\rs--e4g41 ,w9sor ,newton's glass m$ium--w cause ! col\r to adh]e4 ,a ,,gr\nd ,,= ,,wax-,,pa9t+ ,,on ,,por\s ,,sub/ances 0 made z foll[s3-- ,:ite wax #aj ,res9 #e ,ess5ce ( turp5t9e #dj ,melt ! wax 9 a ba9-m>ie1 pass ! solution ?r\gh a l95 /ra9]1 & lay x on 9 successive coats on a wall :i* is fir/ heat$ by a h&-furnace or brazi]4 ,to close holes 9 ! wall use a putty made ( wax1 gum-anim1 res91 & :it+4 ,col\rs are prep>$ = wax-pa9t+ by gr9d+ !m ) a glut54 ,!y are ! same 9 sub/ance z ^? mix$ ) oil = oil-pa9t+4 ,! glut5 is made z foll[s3-- ,res9 #a ,:ite wax #d ,ess5ce ( spik5>d #af ,a h>d] glut5 c be made by sub/itut+ copal = ! gum-anim4 ,!re is a va/ field = pr(itable lab\r 9 ! clean+ & re/oration ( old pictures1 z well z ( antiques ( all k9ds1 & ?\s&s ( "y or ev5 eld] arti/s1 ^: life is a pa9ful /ruggle t[>ds becom+ kn[n1 w\ld d well to endeav\r to raise ! art ( re/oration to its prop] place1 in/ead ( be+ a%am$ to desc5d to x4 ,! re/or] %\ld make a po9t ( /udy+ v>ni%es1 oils1 & col\rs1 ) great c>e4 ,let him read :at cyclopdia articles & books he c f9d on ^! subjects1 & make all practical inquiries f manufactur]s & deal]s4 ,he %\ld1 if he int5ds to s]i\sly practise ! art1 /udy *emi/ry4 ,i c imag9e no bett] re/or] ?an a skilful analy/4 ,!re is a great deal yet to be le>n$ reg>d+ col\rs1 & mo/ ( x w come by ! way ( *emi/ry4 ,a great deal is1 h[ev]1 actually be+ reviv$ or arriv+ z new f tra9+ 8! popul> eye0 to hi!rto unaccu/om$ %ades1 t9ts1 & tones4 ,dur+ ! ,middle ,ages1 :5 culture 0 exhau/$ 9 art & decoration1 !re 0 a m>vell\s developm5t 9 ?is respect1 ev5 9 mo/ delicate details1 ?\gh mu* ( x n[ seems s 8l\d0 or excessive to u4 ,we h ( late ye>s le>n$ a great deal f ,*9a & ,japan z reg>ds subdu$ col\rs4 ,x may be t z 9 ,ori5tal music ev5 ! t5? "p ( a note becomes z di/9ct to ! practis$ e> z a natural "o1 s ^! bl5d+s & subdivisions ( hues may be z p]ceptible to p z ! normal col\rs4 ,all ( ?is %\ld be c>efully /udi$ by ! re/or] z well z ! pa9t]4 ,! re/oration ( a f9e "w ( art :i* has become utt]ly dim1 wr9kl$ ) a ?\s& l9es1 &1 x may be1 utt]ly ugly to beauty & fre%ness1 is s mu* l a resurrection or transfiguration to new life1 y\?1 & beauty1 t poets h n fail$ to use x z a simile = all t is expressive ( r5aissance4 ,?us ,dean ,hole1 9 8 ,memoirs1 rem>ks t1 8z :5 "s beautiful picture :i* has be5 conceal$ & =gott51 remov$ 9 "t ( battle le/ x %\ld be de/roy$ by ! enemy1 is f\nd aft] _m ye>s1 & is c>efully clean$ & skilfully re/or$1 & ! eye is delight$ ) ! successive developm5t ( col\r & ( =m1 & ! life-l c\nt5ance1 ! hi/orical sc5e1 ! sunny l&scape1 or ! moonlit sea come out once m ^u ! canvas2 s 9 t great revival ( religion :i* began 9 ,engl& m ?an half a c5tury ago ! glori\s tru?s ( ! ,gospel 7 re/or$40 ,reg>d$ 9 itself1 ! art ( re/or+ beauty is bo? beautiful & noble1 & des]ves to be reg>d$ z su*4 ,,g5]al ,,recipes ,,recipe4--,! ^w4 ,a =mula or prescription is a recipe1 d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 ^w recipe1 mean+ take4 ,an ackn[l$gm5t ( money paid is a receipt1 f receptus1 or receiv$4 ,a description ( ! mat]ials to be us$ 9 mak+ a pie is n a receipt1 b a recipe4--,famili> ,errors4 ,,to ,,clean ,,wooll5 ,,clo?4--,rub x ) sal-ammoniac & wat] till clean1 !n wa% ) pure wat]4 ,?is liquid is v useful1 :5 any article ( clo?+ has be5 /a9$ by v9eg>1 w9e1 or lemon1 to re/ore ! orig9al col\r4 ,an old-fa%ion$ b excell5t me?od ( clean+ greas$ silk ribbons or clo? is z foll[s3--,lay ! ribbon on a wad or flat surface ( cotton wadd+1 /rew on ?is dri$ clay1 or calc9$ magnesia1 or :it+1 & ov] ?is ano!r lay] ( wadd+4 ,pass ov] x a flat-iron n too w>m4 ,! oil or grease w be absorb$ into ! cotton4 ,repeat ?is till ! cure is effect$4 ,if any spots /ill rema91 pa9t !m ) yolk ( egg1 dry ! /uff 9 a draught ( air1 & :5 q h>d5$ remove ! yoke & wa% ) wat]4 ,,w9e-,,/a9s c be remov$ by simply press+ on !m pads damp5$ ) cold wat]4 ,?is me?od w succe$1 :5 wip+ only spreads a /a94 ,salt alone is also employ$4 8,:5 a lady's skirt ( any mat]ial has _h spilt on x gravy1 w9e1 oil1 or any light liquid1 z di/+ui%$ f su* sub/ances z pa9t1 pit*1 or t>1 d n attempt1 z is usually ! case1 to wipe or wa% x clean4 ,lay a l95 %eet or ev5 spongy :ite pap]--want+ ?is1 newspap]s may be us$--on a table2 on ?is spread ! soil$ fabric v ev5ly4 ,!n lay on ! upp] surface ano!r clean :ite %eet1 or :ite musl9 clo?1 or napk9s or t[els1 & press on x till z mu* z possible ( ! fluid is suck$ out4 ,by *ang+ ! :ite clo?s or pap]1 & press+ cont9ually1 ! fabric c be v ne>ly clean$4 ,!n du/ x well ) calc9$ magnesia 9 p[d] or :it+4 ,:]e ^! _c be _h *alk w answ]4 ,?is w g5]ally absorb all t rema9s ( ! grease40--,notes by a ,h\sekeep] 7,,ms474 8,clean1 dry blott+-pap] laid on grease-/a9s is admirable = extraction4 ,apply pressure ) a flat-iron or h&-roll] su* z is us$ = bread4 ,!re are blott+-pap] roll]s1 made = ink1 :i* are q suitable = clean+ clo?2 b ! pap] %\ld be ?r[n away ! in/ant x has receiv$ any grease2 o!rwise x w only spread ! /a9 & make x indelible by rubb+ x into ! fibre ( ! ?reads4 ,a good s(t sponge w also be f\nd to be almo/ equal to x40--,notes by a ,h\sekeep] 7,,ms474 ,,old ,,wooll5 ,,or ,,silk ,,g>m5ts c be v brilliantly r5ew$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3--,!y are /eep$ 9 sulphuric cupre\s acid 7copp] or blue vitriol71 oxide ( lead1 or bismu? oxide1 or simply ) _! metallic oxides1 & !n expos$ to /eam1 m+l$ ) sulphuric acid gas4 ,ano!r me?od is to /eep ! /uffs simply 9 a solution ( sulphuric acid & copp] or ( oxide ( bismu?4 ,?is is sl[ly heat$1 b ! heat+ mu/ be qualifi$ accord+ to ! col\r ( ! /uffs to be reviv$4 ,! application ( ^! requires great c>e & "s k or exp]i5ce4 ,ink = re/or+ inscriptions on metal ( any k9d1 silv]1 z9c1 or brass3--,to "o "p ( cry/allis$ acetic acid1 oxide ( copp]1 "o ( ammonia1 & half a "p ( soot f fir wood4 ,mix 9 a sauc] ) t5 p>ts ( wat]4 ,?is is said to resi/ exposure to ! wea!r v well4 ,a ,,v ,,valuable ,,aid ,,to ,,! ,,re/or] ,,or ,,m5d] ,,( ,,implem5ts1 :5 x c be obta9$1 is ,,raw ,,hide4 ,?is mat]ial dries z h>d z any wood & is t\gh] ?an any textile fabric4 ,?us1 if a brok5 :eel or any portion ( a vehicle is ti$ ) a ?ong ( raw hide1 firmly drawn1 :5 ! latt] dries1 %r9k+ a little1 x holds bett] ?an iron4 ,raw or untann$ ox-hide or simil> sk91 :5 dri$1 is 9 fact simil> to p>*m5t1 &1 l x1 resembles horn 9 h>dness4 ,! /ronge/ trunks 9 ! _w are made 9 ,am]ica f raw hide4 ,?is mat]ial1 :5 made into small objects1 su* z flasks1 boxes1 %ea?s1 or portable ink-/&s1 has (t5 )/ood ! we> ( g5]ations4 ,z x is *eap1 easily m\ld$ into =m1 or /amp$1 x is rem>kable t x is no long] us$ z x once 04 ,,lead-,,p5cil ,,or ,,crayon ,,draw+s c be pres]v$ f rubb+ by a light wa% ( gum ( any k9d1 dilut$ v>ni%1 or ev5 milk4 ,! latt] is 9 mo/ cases pref]able4 ,x is also pres]vative ( h&writ+1 &1 l all glazes1 prev5ts fad+4 ,,bases ,,= ,,beads & simil> "w c be made z foll[s3--,take "m-(-pe>l du/1 :i* c be b\ght *eaply at a turn]'s1 p[d] or levigate x f9ely1 mix x ) half its bulk ( f9e :ite b>ley-meal1 & make x up ) a weak solution ( gum-ma/ic4 ,also take snail-%ells1 or ! glaze ( any l>ge1 h>d sea-%ells1 wa%+ !m fir/ 9 /rong lye to clean !m4 ,pulv]ise & make up ) yolk ( eggs & alum1 or any o!r f9e b9d]4 ,! same c be done ) rock-cry/al or pure fl9t4 ,gr9d x to f9e/ p[d]1 & make x up ) a well-incorporat$ mixture ( ! :ite ( eggs & pure gum-arabic4 ,?is w1 :5 dry1 become h>d z a /one1 & m & m wat]pro( ) age4 ,,to ,,pulv]ise ,,glass4--,fir/ put 9 ! fire till r$-hot1 !n drop x into cold wat]1 aft] :i* r$uce x 9 a mort>4 ,glass-p[d] ?us made1 mix$ ) almo/ any cem5t1 r5d]s x extremely h>d4 ,x is also mix$ ) pa9t4 ,,burni%$ ,,/eel ,,or ,,iron-,,"w c be pres]v$ f ru/+ by rubb+ ! article ) oil ( cloves or oil ( lav5d]2 also ) a mixture ( turp5t9e1 oil ( lav5d] or cloves1 & petroleum4 ,m]curial o9tm5t is commonly us$ = guns4 ,,ru/ c be remov$ f iron by rubb+ x ) oil ( t>t> 7oleum t>t>i71 us+ a wooll5 rag4 ,,brass-,,w>e1 :5 x has become dull or ru/y1 may be r5ew$ & made to look l gold4 ,take sal-ammoniac1 gr9d x 9 a mort> ) saliva2 rub ?is on ! brass2 lay x on hot coals to dry x well1 & tub x ) a wooll5 clo?4 ,s says ,,johann ,,wallb]g]2 add+3 8,) ?is art a c]ta9 man did once1 9 ,rome1 ga9 mu* money1 inasmu* z he !reby did clean ! brass lamps ( ! *ur*es & o!r ?+s ( ! same metal40 ,!re is ano!r prep>ation = ! same purpose /ill m gold-l4 ,x consi/s ( sulphur1 *alk1 & ! soot f wood fires4 ,b z x soon disappe>s1 ! brass %\ld be lack]$ or v>ni%$4 ,,! ,,be/ ,,clean] ,,= ,,brass ) :i* ,i am acqua9t$ is a ,g]man prep>ation us$ by ,,b>k5t9 ,,krall1 ,reg5t ,/reet1 f :om x c also be obta9$4 ,a ,,v ,,/rong ,,cem5t1 & "o good = lut+1 c be made by comb9+ /urgeon's bladd]1 dissolv$ 9 spirits1 ) f9e/ pulv]is$ fl9t or s&4 ,,glue1 into :i* res9 has be5 well infus$ by heat1 comb9$ ) s& or a%es or clay1 =ms a /rong cem5t1 useful = all k9ds ( co>se "w4 ,a ,,v ,,good1 ,,/rong ,,cem5t is made z foll[s3--,to ?ree-eigh?s ( a p\nd ( wat] add ?ree-eigh?s ( a p\nd ( spirits & a qu>t] ( a p\nd ( />*2 also1 prep>e two ounces ( good glue 9 wat]1 mix$ ) two ounces ( ?ick turp5t9e1 & /ir well into ! fir/ composition4 ,?is is a v good bookb9d]s' glue4 ,,! ,,tufa ,,or ,,s(t ,,/one :i* ab\nds 9 ,italy & else:]e is mu* us$ :5 r$uc$ to p[d] & burn$ = build+4 ,x is also useful z a cem5t4 ,an old writ] says x c be bray$ 9 a mort>1 b t 8!re are _m :o1 = lack ( a mort>1 take old baptismal fonts out ( ! *ur*es1 & 9 lieu ( a pe/le use ! clapp] ( a *ur* bell40 ,a ,,curi\s ,,decoration may be made by draw+ figures--= example1 ( animals--) glue or gum on a wall surface1 & !n p[d]+ x ) clo?-du/ ( appropriate col\rs4 ,^! figures c be /5cill$4 ,z ( all repair+ & re/or+ t ( human beauty is ! mo/ important1 x may be wor? :ile to give "h a few recipes1 :i* h held _! own = c5turies3-- ,,to ,,make ,,wr9kles ,,& ,,freckles ,,disappe>4--,?is is m possible ?an is g5]ally suppos$1 & ,i h kn[n a lady1 a great beauty1 ( :om all my read]s h he>d1 :o at fifty ye>s ( age _h artificially & miracul\sly pres]v$ h] face 9 p]fect smoo?ness1 ?\gh ,i d n "k by :at means4 ,! foll[+ is giv5 by ,,wallb]g]3--8,take f9e1 pure alum1 comp\nd x c>efully ) ! fre% :ite ( eggs1 & boil x g5tly 9 a pipk91 /irr+ x con/antly ) a wood5 /ick or spoon till x =ms a s(t pa/e4 ,spread ?is on ! face1 morn+ & ev5+1 = two or ?ree days1 & y w soon see t x is free f wr9kles & freckles1 & m>vell\sly fair & pleasant to view4 ,frivol\s s\ls may c>ry ! s9ful misuse ( su* beauty to _! own acc\nt2 ! virtu\s hold 9 horror all su* de$s0 7,zaub]bu*1 #agfj74 ,,lemon-,,juice or ! salts ( lemon1 or lemon-juice & salt1 are ( great s]vice 9 :it5+ ! h&s & caus+ freckles to disappe>4 ,,gum-,,b5zo9 ,,dissolv$ ,,9 ,,spirits may be _h ( e apo!c>y4 ,p\r a few drops into a w9e-glassful ( w>m wat]1 & x w =m a milk-:ite emulsion1 :i* is a p]fect & h>mless cosmetic = ! face1 & s]ves z a delightful soap 9 wa%+4 ,?is is ! lac virg9is s mu* us$ two c5turies ago4 ,,eau ,,de ,,cologne mix$ ) wat] =ms a :ite emulsion1 :i* is mu* sup]ior to any soap = delicate h&s4 ,x =ms a p]fectly h>mless cosmetic = ! face4 ,ev5 a few drops ( x 9 a bas9 ( wat] w h a good result4 ,too mu* ( x1 or ( any wa%1 w h a contr>y effect1 & dry ! sk94 ,if ! m\? be r9s$ ) ?is emulsion ( eau de cologne & wat]1 x w purify ! brea?1 & t = a long "t if us$ z a g>gle4 ,a ,,/rong ,,m>k+-,,ink1 or black dye1 :i* w resi/ mu* exposure to ! wea!r1 is made z foll[s3--,take gum-arabic #aj lbs41 logwood liquor 7specific gravity #a4cg7 #bj fluid oz41 bi-*romate ( pota% #b oz41 ) wat] suffici5t to dissolve ! bi-*romate4 ,dissolve ! gum 9 "o gallon ( wat]1 /ra91 add ! logwood liquor1 mix1 & let ! mixture /& = tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 !n /ir 9 rapidly ! bi-*romate solution1 & add a little nitrate ( iron & fu/ic acid4 ,if too ?ick1 ?9 ) lukew>m wat]4 ,a ,,v ,,h>d ,,cem5t c be made by dige/+ fluor sp> = "s "t 9 sulphuric acid1 add+ magnesium sulphate & /irr+ calc9$ magnesia into ! mixture4 ,a ,,r$ ,,cem5t ,,= ,,iron ,,or ,,/one ,,or ,,lut+ is made ( r$ lead & li?>ge 9 equal p>ts mix$ ) conc5trat$ glyc]9e to ! consi/5cy ( s(t putty4 ,:5 dry x is wat] & fire pro(4 ,,silico ,,enamel is a ?9 liquid glaze1 f9] ?an v>ni%1 :i* is easily appli$ to all poli%$ metals1 z well z o!r sub/ances4 ,x may be obta9$ 9 bottles1 price "o %ill+1 ) bru%1 ( ! ,silico ,enamel ,company1 #ig ,hamp/ead ,road1 ,london1 ,n4,w4 ,,light-,,col\r$ ,,gloves may be clean$ by roll+ bread-crumb ov] !m2 also ) indi>ubb]4 ,also by means ( b5z9e4 ,sev]al pat5t wa%es = ?is purpose are n[ sold4 ,,clean+ ,,m>ble4--8,if #8,sculptor' w get "s salts ( wormwood1 & dissolve 9 w>m wat]1 !n mix ) :it+ into a mod]ate pa/e1 & apply to /one or m>ble1 & let x rema9 ^u ei!r = tw5ty-f\r h\rs--& if n successful ! fir/ "t1 apply aga9--he w draw all /a9s out ( m>ble1 & cle> all li*5 ei!r f s&/ones or oolitic /ones4 ,?or\ghly wa% ! /one ) a /rong soap 7say1 ( ,hudson's ,no4 #b soap p[d]7 & lukew>m wat]1 &1 :5 ?or\ghly dry1 give a coat ( sulphurett$ oil4 ,he c make 8 own oil4 ,boil 9 a ba? "o qu>t ( l9se$-oil = "o h\r1 ) half-a-p\nd ( fl[] ( sulphur g5tly & cont9ually /irr+ same2 !n take (f fire & let cool2 !n p\r oil f s$im5t1 us+ oil ^u /one4 ,no li*5 w hurt 8 /one if out expos$ to ! air1 = ! ra9 w wa% all clean e "t4 ,i h clean$ sev]al /atues ) no?+ b ,hudson's ,no4 #b & wat]40--,"w1 ,april #b1 #ahib4 ,,calc9$ ,,magnesia1 or calc9$ & p[d]$ bone1 laid = "s "t on simply oil$ or greas$ m>ble1 :i* has fir/ be5 well wa%$ ) soap & wat]1 w (t5 extract ! /a94 ,= ink use oxalic acid 9 weak solution ) wat]4 ,,gum-,,dextr9e1 or gum sub/itute1 is made f roa/$ fl\r4 ,x =ms1 mix$ ) wat]1 a gum n mu* inf]ior to gum-arabic1 = :i* x is1 z ! "n d5otes1 a sub/itute4 ,x is v ext5sively us$ 9 _m manufactures1 & may be obta9$ ( any *emi/4 ,x sometimes happ5s t x is too brittle aft] dry+1 & does n hold4 ,9 su* case add f\r or five drops ( glyc]9e to a teacupful ( ! dextr9e 9 solution4 ,,m\? ,,glue 7,,mundleim7 ,,or ,,solid ,,cem5t4--,?is is sold by /ation]s 9 ?91 flat /icks or tablets1 & is us$ by wett+ & rubb+ x1 *iefly = pap]4 ,x is made z foll[s = labels3-- ,/urgeon's bladd] #be ,sug> #ab ,wat] #cf ,c>bolic acid ,! /urgeon's bladd] is fir/ dissolv$1 ! sug> !n add$1 also a few drops ( c>bolic acid1 :i* causes x to set m firmly1 & also to resi/ m\ld 9 dampness1 induc$ by ! pres5ce ( sug>4 ,?is cem5t is applicable to glass1 wood1 or metal4 ,l ! foll[+1 x has ! advantage ( be+ always ready to use1 & requires no boil+4 ,if x becomes too h>d to use freely1 let s mu* ( x z is requir$ /eep = a "t 9 wat]4 ,_m ?9k1 f m]ely damp5+ x 9 ! m\? :5 x is h>d1 & us+ x imm$iately1 t x is a v weak adhesive1 :i* is a mi/ake4 ,a great deal ( t sold by ! /ation]s is1 h[ev]1 ( v inf]ior quality1 & made ) v common glue4 ,,m\? ,,glue ,,9 ,,tablets3-- ,transp>5t glue1 ,no4 #a #bd ,sug> #ac ,gum-arabic #e ,wat] #ej ,! glue1 sug>1 & gum are boil$ 9 ! wat] until a drop let fall on a slab h>d5s4 ,x is !n roll$ & cut into flat cakes4 ,,to ,,m5d ,,or ,,make ,,me]s*aum ,,pipes4--,dissolve case9e 9 silicate ( soda2 /ir into ! cem5t f9e calc9$ magnesia4 ,by ! addition ( me]s*aum p[d] a close imitation ( me]s*aum 9 ! mass c be made4 ,,turki% ,,cem5t ( ! /ronge/ k9d1 & su* z is us$ to atta* gems to metal1 is made z foll[s3-- ,/urgeon's bladd] cem5t #cj ,ma/ic 7be/7 #b ,gum-ammoniac #a ,spirits ( w9e #aj ,! /urgeon's bladd]1 %r$d$1 is dissolv$ ) spirits ( w9e :ile rema9+ 9 a w>m place2 ! gum is also dissolv$ 9 _s & mix$ ) ! /urgeon's bladd]2 ! :ole mu/ be !n c>efully & sl[ly boil$ to a syrup4 ,close ) a cork1 z x is sure to gum tightly4 ,,to ,,improve ,,corks4--,:5 bottles conta9 sub/ances :i* adh]e to ! cork & h>d51 ! latt] %\ld be fir/ /eep$ 9 oil or vasel9e1 or boil$ 9 a mixture ( bo?4 ,,arm5ian ,,cem5t4--,?is is mu* l ,diamond & ,turki% cem5ts3-- ,i4 ,/urgeon's bladd] #fjj ,,ii4 ,gum-ammoniac #f ,ma/ic #fj ,! /urgeon's bladd] is dissolv$ 9 spirits ( w9e sep>ately1 ! gum-ammoniac & ma/ic also1 b ) a m9imum ( _s2 ! two are !n comb9$4 ,a cem5t :i* w resi/ ! action ( spirits ( w9e w (t5 be v valuable1 z :5 l>ge lids are to be fa/5$ to j>s conta9+ anatomical prep>ations4 ,"o is made z foll[s3-- ,clean$ manganese p[d] #bj ,soluble silicate ( soda #aj ,?is mu/ be freely us$ to make ! cov] adh]e4 ,:5 9 "t x %all become brittle1 coat x ov] ) a ?ick solution ( asphaltum 9 turp5t9e or petroleum4 ,,to ,,seal ,,bottles v securely1 r\gh5 ! op5+ or m\? ) a file or glass-pap]1 drive 9 a h>d cork till half-an-in* bel[ ! top1 & !n seal x ) silicate ( soda mix$ ) m>ble-du/4 ,,*loride ,,( ,,z9c add$ to silicate ( soda & oxide ( z9c =ms a v good cem5t1 :i* w resi/ mo/ influ5ces4 ,,bread mac]at$ ) glue or gelat9e1 ) a little glyc]9e1 makes an admirable sub/ance = artificial fl[]s1 ca/s1 m$allions1 c4 ,if work$ ) gum-arabic & a little alum1 or dextr9e1 or common mucilage1 we %all h ! same result4 ,x c also be work$ ) ?9 v>ni% or gutta-p]*a cem5t2 also ) dilut$ sulphuric or nitric acids to produce a h>d sub/ance4 ,x may "h be obs]v$ t bread is = c]ta9 "w f> sup]ior to fl\r or />* pa/e1 s9ce ! comb9ation ) yea/ causes a developm5t ( cellul> tissue1 ! result ( :i* is a firm] & m wax-l sub/ance4 ,i 0 l$ to obs]ve ?is at fir/1 n f :at ,i read ( ! action ( acids on bread1 b f obs]v+ ! bread-fl[]s made by ! ,italian peasantry to adorn images ( sa9ts4 ,i believe t 9 ^! !re is a little v9eg> mix$4 ,!y are q wax-l4 ,! bread us$ %\ld be s(t h\sehold bread1 ( c\rse well knead$ ) ! acid & col\rs4 ,bread-pa/e w\ld probably comb9e well ) indi>ubb] 9 solution4 ,( late1 ,g]man illu/rat$ newspap]s h publi%$ patt]ns ( small ornam5tal di%es made ( d\gh or bread1 int5d$ to receive cons]ves ( fruit & o!r edibles--! di%es !mselves n be+ int5d$ to be eat54 ,s(t bread ) a little v>ni% or any ord9>y gum & a little glyc]9e1 well work$1 makes an admirable fill] = cracks 9 wood4 ,comb9$ ) any gum1 or ev5 ) tragacan? or pea* or *]ry gum1 & lamp-black 7or liquid ,indian ink71 x =ms a cem5t :i* resembles ebony4 ,! m ?or\ghly x is mac]at$ ! h>d] x w be4 ,ca/s ( panels1 c41 made ) ?is are really beautiful4 ,rub ) oil & ! h& aft] x is q dry4 ,add a few drops ( glyc]9e & alum 9 solution to prev5t crack+1 or1 bett]1 a little indi>ubb]4 ,s(t rye bread h>d5s to a r t\gh] cem5t ?an :eat4 ,bread cem5t makes an admirable gr\nd = gild+ or pa9t+4 ,bread mac]at$ ) lime & :ite ( egg =ms a v h>d composition l ivory4 ,bread1 glue1 & glyc]9e1 ditto4 ,,horse-,,*e/nut ,,pa/e4--,?is is call$ a cem5t1 b x is prop]ly a pa/e l t ( fl\r4 ,horse-*e/nuts are g5]ally neglect$1 b !y c be pr(itably utilis$ = pa/e1 :i* admits ( ! same comb9ations z fl\r4 ,,wa/e ,,tea-,,leaves f :i* ! tea has be5 extract$ c be mac]at$ ) gum & treat$ z rose-leaves to =m artificial ebony4 ,c>efully sep>ate all ! h>d portions4 ,,gum ,,= ,,g5]al ,,use1 l gum-arabic3-- ,common sug>1 by weight #ab ,wat] #cf ,slack$ lime #c ,/ir ! lime into ! w>m solution ( sug> & wat]4 ,keep x boil+ & /ir x (t5 = "o h\r4 ,p\r (f ! liquid f ! lees ( ! lime4 ,?is gum also admits ( modifications4 ,"o ( ^! is ! well-kn[n ,,syndetikon1 :i* is made z foll[s3--,to fifte5 p>ts ( ! sug> & lime solution add ?ree ( good glue1 leav+ !m to soak = tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 w>m gradually1 & frequ5tly /ir1 till ! glue is dissolv$4 ,!n let x boil = a few m9utes4 ,?is makes a good pla9 cem5t1 :i* s]ves to unite pap]1 lea!r1 glass1 or porcela94 ,x1 h[ev]1 spots or *anges col\r 9 pap]1 c4 ,a ,,g5]al ,,cem5t1 :i* may be us$ = jo9+ metal & glass1 /one1 tiles1 c41 is ?us made3-- ,pla/] ( ,p>is #ba ,iron fil+s #c ,wat] #aj ,:ite ( eggs #d ,,! ,,g5]al ,,m5d+ ,,cem5t s commonly sold consi/s ( no?+ b-- ,gum-arabic #a ,pla/] ( ,p>is #c ,?is mu/ be mix$ ) wat] :5 us$4 ,x does n1 h[ev]1 resi/ ! action ( hot wat]4 ,a ,,cem5t ,,:i* ,,resi/s ,,acids is made z foll[s3--,indi>ubb] is dissolv$ 9 d\ble its weight ( l9se$-oil1 & knead$ to a d\gh ) :ite bolus4 ,%\ld ! cem5t h>d5 too quickly1 add to x a little li?>ge4 ,,indi>ubb] ,,cem5t ,,= ,,*emical ,,app>atus3-- ,indi>ubb] #h ,tall[ #b ,l9se$-oil #af ,:ite bolus #c ,?is does n resi/ high temp]ature1 b is good aga9/ acids4 ,,s*eibl]',s ,,cem5t ,,= ,,*emical ,,app>atus3-- ,gutta-p]*a #b ,wax #a ,%ellac #c ,,sorel',s ,,cem5t4--,?is consi/s ( oxide ( z9c comb9$ ) its *loride4 ,! *loride ( z9c is 9 a heavy1 syrupy =m1 :i*1 comb9$ ) ! :ite oxide1 sets v h>d4 ,x is *iefly us$ = fill+ tee?1 b is also applicable to mak+ m$allions & o!r objects ( art4 ,= ?is latt] purpose x is mix$ ) p[d]$ *alk1 pulv]is$ glass1 c4 ,! process ( prep>+ & comb9+ ! +r$i5ts ( ?is cem5t is1 h[ev]1 s t$i\s t x is mo/ unlikely t ! ord9>y repair] w c>e to attempt x2 ! m s z !re are _m prep>ations f> sup]ior to x4 ,,glue ,,= ,,tape/ry1 c43-- ,fl\r-pa/e #ajj ,alum wat] #c ,dextr9e-pa/e #e ,?is may also be appli$ 9 _m ways4 ,,to ,,lute ,,/ills1 c43-- ,glue 9 p[d] #bj ,fl\r #aj ,bran #e ,to be well mix$ ) wat]4 ,z alum _c be affect$ by petroleum1 x is us$ to fa/5 r+s to petroleum-lamp hold]s4 ,^! are l9$ ) alum :i* has be5 melt$ by heat4 ,alum melt$ =ms a /rong cem5t = glass & metal4 ,,pa/e ,,= ,,wall-,,pap]4--,t5 p>ts ( fl\r are made into common pa/e2 add "o ( glue boil$ 9 hot wat]2 add to ! :ole "o-tw5tie? "p ( :ite ( egg4 ,?is holds v firmly4 ,pa/e made ) fl\r & gum-arabic1 c41 does n m\ld or turn s\r if x be mix$ ) a few drops ( oil ( cloves or c>bolic acid4 ,,clay ,,mort>4--,:]e lime _c be _h1 a v good mort> = *imneys may be made by mix+ clay ) common molasses4 ,?is is said 7,,lehn]7 to resi/ ! action ( heat :5 well dri$4 ,ano!r firepro( cem5t is made z foll[s3-- ,clay #dj ,fl9t-s& #dj ,slack$ lime #d ,borax #b ,?is is mix$ ) a v little wat]4 ,x is us$ z a wa%1 & %\ld1 :5 dry1 be heat$ by fire4 ,,log ,,cab9s & h\ses built ) wood are1 9 ,am]ica1 (t5 sw>m+ ) v]m9 to a degree :i* w\ld seem incr$ible4 ,9 all su* cases ! jo9ts & cavities %\ld be well pack$ & pla/]$ ) cem5t--lime if possible--& !n :itewa%$4 ,rat-holes %\ld be plugg$ ) /ones or gravel & !n cem5t$4 ,,zeiodele?4--,vessels ( wood1 iron1 /onew>e1 or ( m\ld$ cem5t1 are (t5 eat5 away by ! action ( acids & alkalies4 ,to prev5t ?is !y are 9 ,g]many coat$ ) a composition call$ ,zeiodele?4 ,9 its simple/ =m ?is is simply sulphur mix$ ) v f9ely sift$ fl9t-s&1 or else gr\nd glass1 *9aw>e1 or /one4 ,( ?is ?9 plates are also made to coat su* vessels1 or ev5 to =m !m4 ,,m]rick',s ,,zeiodele?3-- ,sulphur #bj ,glass-p[d] #dj ,b,,ttg]',s ,,zeiodele? 7,,lehn]73-- ,p[d]$ fl9t #ij ,graphite #aj ,sulphur #ajj ,i4 ,a ,,fluid ,,pa/e is made by p\r+ into a porcela9 j> #e kilogrammes ( potato-/>* ) #f kilogrammes ( wat] & #bej grammes ( :ite nitric acid4 ,keep ! :ole 9 a w>m place = =ty-eight h\rs1 /irr+ x frequ5tly1 & !n boil x till syrupy & transp>5t4 ,add a little wat]1 or suffici5t to make x fluid en\gh to be filt]$ ?r\gh a closely wov5 t[el4 ,,ii4 ,dissolve #e kilogrammes ( gum-arabic to #a ( sug> 9 #e qu>ts ( wat]1 add+ #ej grammes ( nitric acid2 w>m to boil+1 & !n add ,no4 ,i4 ,! result is a p]fectly fluid adhesive1 :i* w n m\ld1 & dries on pap] ) a glaze4 ,x is adapt$ = po/age-/amps1 m>k+ ov] impressions1 & f9e /ation]y4 ,,durable ,,fl\r-,,pa/e ,,= ,,/ation]s4--,take good fl\r-pa/e1 add+ to x :ile boil+ "o-t5? "p ( cle> liquid glue1 to be well /irr$ 94 ,add a few drops ( c>bolic acid or oil ( cloves4 ,keep x cork$ 9 wide-m\!d1 l>ge vials4 ,,dry ,,cem5t1 ,,or ,,travell]s' ,,glue3-- ,glue #fjj grms4 ,sug> #bej 0 ,! glue mu/ be ( ! be/ quality1 & p]fectly melt$ 9 wat]1 z usual1 & ! sug> /irr$ 94 ,x is !n /eam$ away until x becomes h>d :5 cold4 ,to use1 place x 9 hot wat]1 :5 x at once liquefies4 ,?is is specially us$ = pap]4 ,,coat+ ,,to ,,protect ,,trees ,,f ,,insects3-- ,colophonium 7res97 #ajj ,common soap #ajj ,t> #ej ,:ale-oil #be ,sme> ! trunks ( ! trees ) ?is4 ,x may also be put on %eets ( br[n pap] to cat* flies4 ,,cem5t ,,= ,,fill+4--,take fre% curd 7case9e71 & knead x ) wat] to a putty4 ,x c be us$ 9 ?is /ate = _m purposes4 ,to greatly h>d5 x1 add "o-tw5tie? ( its weight 9 lime1 & m or less ( "s indiff]5t sub/ance1 su* z *alk1 calc9$ magnesia1 oxide ( z9c1 & col\r+ matt]4 ,?is sets s h>d t x may be us$ to make ca/s or _m small works ( art4 ,,fr5* ,,glues4--,two v excell5t glues us$ 9 ,france are ! colle =te de ,fl&re & t ( ,givet4 ,,g\pil recomm5ds z ! be/ glue1 :]e a v sup]ior article is requir$1 "o made ( equal p>ts ( ! two4 ,break !m up1 let ! pieces rema9 fifte5 h\rs 9 wat]1 !n boil = two h\rs 9 ! ba9-m>ie1 or glue-kettle4 ,aft] a "t ! glue w settle & become cle>4 ,add1 if ne$$1 a little wat] f ! ba9-m>ie4 ,,to ,,give ,a ,,sat9 ,,gloss ,,to ,,pap]4--,pa9t ) a broad1 s(t bru% on ! pap] ) a solution ( hypo-sulphite ( b>ium 7*emically express$ by ,ba,s#b,o#c74 ,x may be laid on by itself or m+l$ ) a col\r4 ,x is us$ sometimes by bookb9d]s4 ,?is may be appli$ 9 wat]-col\r pictures to ! imitation ( silk or sat94 ,,gomme ,,laque1 or %ellac1 also gelat9e glue1 is sold 9 ?9 leaves4 ,to prep>e x1 put into a ba9-m>ie tw5ty p>ts ( ! gum to "o ( fl[]s ( sulphur1 /ir x well1 & add a little lukew>m wat]4 ,x may be made into little b>s by h&2 let !m cool1 & w>m !m :5 requir$ = use4 ,a ,,v ,,good ,,cem5t1 :i*1 accord+ to ,,fr$4 ,,dillaye1 is bo? fire & wat] pro(1 is made z foll[s3--,take half-a-p9t ( milk1 z mu* v9eg>1 mix !m1 & take away ! :ey4 ,add ! :ite ( five eggs to ! curd1 mix ! :ole well1 & add s mu* f9ely sift$ quicklime z w =m a pa/e4 ,,snail ,,cem5t4--,x is said t snails or slugs1 ma%$1 =m a /rong & h>d glue4 ,?is is probable2 also1 t x w\ld comb9e ) p[d]$ quicklime1 or c>bonate ( lime 9 p[d]1 to set v h>d4 ,,to ,,m5d ,,m>ble use %ellac 9 leaves1 mix$ ) :ite wax4 ,,to ,,m5d ,,alaba/] use gum-arabic mix$ ) p[d]$ alaba/]4 ,?is is also useful = _m o!r purposes4 ,a ,,cem5t useful = _m purposes1 also z a gr\nd = pa9t+1 is made z foll[s3--,take b>ley & soak x 9 six equival5ts ( wat] = sev]al days1 or till ! b>ley exp&s or spr\ts4 ,?r[ out ! b>ley1 aft] press+ x4 ,?is gives a glut9\s liquid1 :i*1 comb9$ ) pipeclay & :ite soap1 sets h>d4 ,x is improv$ by add+ ! p[d] ( calc9$ bone4 ,b>ley wat] may also be us$ 9 _m o!r comb9ations4 ,gum-arabic & ?9 glue1 dextr9e1 & fi%-glue may be us$ 9 its place4 ,a ,,/rong ,,cem5t ,,= ,,horn ,,or ,,tortoise-,,%ell3-- ,glue 7fluid7 #a ,sug>-c&y #c ,gum-arabic ,! two latt] to be dissolv$ 9 six p>ts ( wat]4 ,,ano!r ,,= ,,! ,,same3--,take /rong lime-wat]2 comb9e x ) new *eese4 ,! latt] is to be mix$ ) two p>ts ( wat]1 s z to =m a s(t mass4 ,p\r into ?is ! lime-wat]1 b see t !re is no solid *eese 9 x4 ,?is w =m a liquid :i* c be us$ z a cem5t4 ,,cat-,,gut1 :i* is1 h[ev]1 made f ! inte/9es ( %eep1 c41 is ( great s]vice 9 "s k9ds ( repair+1 ow+ to its /r5g?4 ,x c be made into v small cord1 :i* w su/a9 a man4 ,v /rong cords = fi%]m5 are also said to be made by tak+ silkworms j be=e !y sp91 cutt+ !m op51 & us+ ! silk1 :i* is !n f\nd 9 a solid1 longi% lump1 & :i* c be artificially drawn out into any %ape4 ,x is probable t ! silk 9 ?is /ate c\ld be ?9n$ & appli$ 9 comb9ation ) fibre to produce useful results4 ,x is also probable t ?is sub/ance1 or ! silk en masse1 c\ld be us$ = m5d+ silk fabrics 9 _m ways4 ,x c\ld be produc$ v *eaply1 because ! greate/ exp5se 9 manufactur+ silk is ! reel+1 w9d+1 & sp9n+ ! ?read4 ,an incr$ibly /rong & s]viceable silk is spun by ! elm-worm1 :i* c be rais$ 9 any quantities :]ev] elm-trees ab\nd4 ,?is is mu* cultivat$ 9 ,*9a1 & x is said t g>m5ts made ( its silk desc5d f fa!r to son4 ,x is sev]al times l>g] ?an ! silkworm1 & survives ev5 ! sev]e w9t]s ( ,canada4 ,x w\ld be mu* easi] to raise ?an ! delicate bombyx1 or common silkworm4 ,x is wor? not+ t a man c c>ry easily 9 8 pocket fifty y>ds ( cat-gut or elm worm silk cord /rong en\gh to su/a9 8 weight1 :i* is v useful = travell]s to "k1 s9ce x is useful to m5d h>ness or te!r horses4 ,,to ,,s(t5 ,,horn4--,?is mat]ial c be s(t5$ s z to b5d 9 hot wat]4 ,x requires long boil+4 ,accord+ to ,geissl]1 a horn c be m\ld$ to %ape by /eep+ ! horn = two or ?ree days 9 half a kilogramme ( black alicant1 #cge grammes ( newly calc9$ lime1 & #b litres 7two full qu>ts7 ( hot wat]4 ,%\ld ! mixture assume a r$di% col\r x is all "r2 if n1 add m alicant & lime4 ,aft] ! horn has be5 m\ld$1 dry x 9 well-dri$ common salt4 ,horn %av+s & fil+s are made into a pa/e1 :i* h>d5s by be+ 9 a /rong solution ( pota% & slack$ lime1 9 :i* x becomes jelly-l & c be m\ld$4 ,?is mu/ be subject$ to pressure to expel ! moi/ure4 ,by add+ a little glyc]9e its brittl5ess is mu* dim9i%$4 ,,artificial ,,bonework4--,r$uce ! bone or ivory to a v f9e1 fl\r-l p[d]1 mix x v ?or\ghly ) ! :ite ( eggs1 & a v h>d & t\gh mass w be ! result4 ,?is c be turn$ & highly poli%$4 ,?is is improv$ 9 h>dness & quality by gr9d+ ! mass aga9 & subject+ x to heat & pressure 7,die ,v]>beitung ,hornes1 c41 von ,l\is ,edg> ,&s2 ,vi5na1 #ahib74 ,,to ,,prop]ly ,,du/ ,,clo!s4--,! foll[+ extract on clean+ g>m5ts is tak5 f my =?com+ "w1 entitl$ ,"o ,hundr$ ,arts3-- 99 99 99 99 99 8,! obvi\s way to remove du/ f a coat--z "s take evil out ( *ildr5 7vide ,,nor?cote',s ,fables7--is by :ipp+ or beat+ ) a /ick4 ,?is1 inde$1 effects ! purpose1 b x spe$ily breaks ! fibre ( ! clo?4 ,!re=e 9 ,g]many1 z 9 ,italy1 a little bat plait$ ( split cane or re$s is employ$ to exorcise ! demon ( du/1 kn[n z ,ppkeewis to ! ,*ippeways4 ,b bett] ?an ?is is a small :isp-broom4 ,half a c5tury ago ?is simple contrivance 0 only kn[n 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & 9 ,pol&4 8,:ip ! g>m5t ) ! side ( ! s(t :isp1 & z ! du/ rises to ! surface bru% x away4 ,if ! read] w try ?is on any coat1 h[ev] clean x may be1 he w be a/oni%$ to f9d h[ mu* du/ he w extract or raise4 8,all ! du/ :i* ?us lies hidd5 9 clo?1 :5 x comes to ! surface1 acts z grit or p[d] ins5sibly b c]ta9ly1 & helps to we> away ! surface :5ev] x is t\*$4 ,t we take 9 du/ e "t we g out w appe> f inspect+ a silk hat4 ,aga91 ! du/ on a coat1 c41 e "t x is rubb$ by ! cleane/ h&1 takes 9 grease1 :i* 9 "t aids 9 spoil+ ! surface4 ,9 fact1 half ! we>-out ( all clo? is due to du/ alone4 8,!re=e1 if we c>efully du/ our clo!s ) a :isp1 e "t we take !m (f1 fold !m ) c>e1 & lay !m 9 a draw]1 !y w la/ mu* long] ?an !y d4 ,pure air free f du/ is z conducive to ! well-be+ ( coats z to t ( _! we>]s1 & ,dom9ie ,sampson utt]$ m tru? ?an he imag9$ :5 he obs]v$ t ! atmosph]e ( 8 patron's dwell+ 0 s+ul>ly pres]vative ( broadclo?40 99 99 99 99 99 ,9 pro( ( ?is x may be obs]v$1 t z a s&bla/ attacks "s sub/ances exclusively1 s du/ or grit injures c]ta9 fabrics & n o!rs1 & t ! latt] are all kn[n z ! m la/+ fabrics4 ,,index ,accuracy & c>e requir$ 9 mak+ cem5ts1 #bh ,add+ art to arts1 #dg ,alaba/]1 to m5d1 #bdi ,,all/on1 ! pa9t]1 #abc ,alum z a base1 #f ,amb]1 repair+ & imitat+1 #aef-aeh2 c>v+ amb]1 #aeh ,am]ican cem5t1 #bdj ,am]ican glaze = po/age-/amps1 #aac1 #aad ,,&,s1 ,,l\is ,,edg>1 #bjg1 #beb2 v>ni%es1 #d2 on ivory & bone1 #add1 #aee2 on work+ horn1 #adi ,arabic1 gum1 cem5t (1 ) v9eg>1 #cg ,avoid+ excess 9 cem5t+1 #ca ,badly b\nd books1 #ajh ,,ba]1 ,j41 catalogue on glass1 #dd ,b>k1 p[d]$1 comb9$ ) glue1 #hb ,b>ley cem5t1 #bdi1 #bej ,bases = beads1 c41 #bcd ,,bay>d1 ,,miss ,,ca!r9e ,l41 #aeh ,bell made ( a bottle1 #di ,b5t leaves 9 books1 or dog's e>s1 #hi1 #ij ,b5zo91 gum1 or lac virg9is1 #bcf1 #bcg ,b9d+ books1 #ig-ajj 7illu/rations71 #ig1 #ih ,blood 9 cem5ts1 #f ,bl[pipe1 !1 #ag1 #cf ,boats or canoes made f %av+s1 #eb ,boil+ *9a 9 milk1 #ai ,bone1 calc9$1 #ib2 artificial1 #bea ,bookb9d]s' v>ni%1 #hi2 glue1 #bce ,books1 repair+ & re/or+1 #hf-abj ,book-worms1 #aae-abj ,b,,ttg]',s cem5t = pavem5ts1 /one slabs1 c41 #bi2 acid-pro( cem5t1 #bdg ,bottles1 crack$1 h[ to m5d1 #bf1 #cg2 to close 7a cem5t71 #dd2 to cork or seal !m firmly1 #afa2 to seal1 #bda ,brass-w>e1 to look l gold1 #bcd1 #bce ,bread cem5t1 #bda-bdc ,bread 9 cem5ts1 #h ,,brew/]1 ,sir ,d41 #cg ,brickwork tiles1 h[ to repair1 #bh ,burni%$ /eel or iron "w1 #bcd ,canes & b[s made ( %av+s1 #ed ,ca\t*\c1 indi>ubb]1 gutta-p]*a1 #b1 #d1 #abf1 #abg1 #aei ,c>dbo>d or pa/ebo>d z h>d z wood1 h[ to make1 #abd1 #abe ,c>p5t]s' cem5t1 #gi ,c>ton-cuir1 #aba ,c>ton-pi]re1 or 8/one-pap]10 to make1 #abh ,case9e or *eese 9 cem5ts1 #f1 #bg1 #dj1 #da1 #acg1 #ach ,,ca/ellani1 ,signore1 #dh ,cat-gut1 #bej ,c$>1 to imitate1 #hc ,cellul> tissue1 cause ( h>d5+ 9 organic sub/ances1 #i1 #aj ,celluloid1 or artificial ivory1 its raw mat]ials1 manufacture1 c41 by ,dr4 ,f4 ,,bockmann1 #i1 #aeb1 #aec ,cellulose1 #i2 h[ discov]$ & made1 #hb2 to prep>e x ) acid1 #aed ,cem5t1 or adhesive1 def9ition1 #a2 = brok5 glass or *9a1 #bc-di2 = glass1 *9a1 lea!r1 c41 #cd2 = wood1 #gf-hc2 = horses' ho(s1 #aff1 #afg2 to atta* metal1 #agc1 #agd ,c]esa1 or mosaic 9 p[d]1 #bi1 #ach ,*alk1 #b ,*amois-lea!r 9 repairs1 #bjc ,*emical app>atus1 cem5t =1 #bdd ,*e/nut1 horse1 pa/e1 #bdc ,*9a1 brok51 porcela91 crock]y1 majolica1 t]ra-cotta1 brick & tile "w1 #ab-cb ,*9ese transp>5t vases1 a lo/ art r$iscov]$1 #dg1 #dh ,*loride ( z9c cem5t1 #bda ,*olula1 vase f1 #ac1 #ad ,*rome glue1 #bf1 #cd ,*unam1 or ,indian %ell-lime1 #bd1 #acd ,circles1 to draw1 #ajc ,clamps1 or /rips ( %eet-iron or wire1 #fg ,,claude & ,,v&]velde1 #baf1 #bag ,,claus',s cem5t = metal & glass1 #ahb ,clay & molasses mort>1 #bdf ,clos+ w9e-bottles1 old me?od1 #dh1 #di ,clo?-du/ on gum 9 decoration1 #bcf ,clo?1 wat]pro($1 recipe =1 #afa2 felt1 h[ to make1 #aii1 #bjj ,clo!s1 to prop]ly du/ & keep clean1 #beb1 #bec ,co>se cem5ts = brick1 c41 #aci ,cobbl+ & %oemak+1 #ahg1 #ahh ,cologne1 eau de1 #bcg ,concrete1 #adj ,copal1 gum1 #aeg ,coral1 imitation (1 #bji ,corks1 to improve1 #bdj ,crack+ ( season$ wood 9 ,am]ica1 #ej ,cracks 9 furniture1 fill+1 #fg ,,crane1 ,,walt]1 #bd ,crock]y1 #ag1 #ah ,crock]y or *9a1 mosaic made f brok5 fragm5ts1 #aci ,cups & vases ( papi]-ma*1 h[ to make 7illu/ration71 #agb ,,david[sky1 ,f41 on glue & gelat9e1 #d ,decay$ wood1 to re/ore1 #fc ,decorator1 ,!1 #gc ,defac+ books1 #ij ,,delille1 alleg$ inv5tor ( wir+ porcela91 #ah ,det]ioration 9 pictures1 causes (1 #bad1 #bae ,dextr9e1 or ,leiokom1 #g2 gum1 #bch ,diamond cem5t1 #da4 7,vide ,turki%7 ,,dillaye1 ,f41 #cb ,,dillaye',s cem5t1 #bdi ,dirt 9 old pictures1 its nature1 #bae ,domes or ar*$ ro(s1 build+1 #fd ,,drake1 ,sir ,w41 #dg ,draw]s1 to put h&les to1 #fb2 %r9k+ ( !m1 #fb1 #fc ,dry clean+1 #bbj ,d,,r]1 ,,alb]t1 #aea ,du/+ brok5 *9a1 #ca ,e>!nw>e tubes1 h[ to lute1 #bg ,ebonite1 #afj ,ebony1 repair+ or imitat+1 #ff1 #fg ,,ed]',s gum = photographs1 #aad ,eggs 9 cem5ts1 #e 8,egyptian ,sket*-,book10 #baj ,elmworm silk1 #bej ,emboss+ lea!r1 #ajj ,engrav+ & et*+ glass or *9a1 #ch ,erasures 9 pap]1 #ajc ,ess5tial oils 9 clean+ pictures1 #bbe ,etruscan vases repair$1 #ae ,excess ( clean+ & ignorance z to effects by age1 #bad ,fa/5+ brok5 furniture1 #fj1 #fa ,fictile or c]amic w>e1 #ab ,,field1 8,*romatography0 #baj ,fill]s = wood1 #fi ,fire-pro( pap]1 #ajc ,floors laid ) %av+s1 #ec ,fl\r & />* pa/e1 #d1 #e ,fl\r-pa/e1 to make a /rong1 #aab ,fl[]s made f wood-%av+s & pla/] ( ,p>is1 glue1 c41 #fh ,fluid pa/e1 #bdg ,fl\r sp> cem5t1 #bcg ,flux1 vitre\s or metallic1 #ag ,=g]ies 9 antiques1 #id1 #adi ,fr5* glue = wood1 #hj ,fr5* glues1 #bdh ,furniture1 *eap & bad1 #eh ,furniture-mak+1 #gb ,,g>man1 ,,samuel1 #aaf ,g>m5ts1 invisible m5d+ (1 #bjb-bje ,gelat9e & v9eg> cem5t = *9a1 #be ,g5]al cem5ts1 #bdd ,,g]n]1 ,,raimund1 ,die ,glas ,fabrikation1 by1 #cd1 #ce ,gesso-pa9t+1 #bd ,glass-m5d+1 ) alli$ processes1 #cc-di2 old prov]b on1 #cc ,glass-p[d]1 #acf2 h[ to prep>e1 #bg ,glass1 to pulv]ise1 #bcd ,glaz$ or pat5t lea!r1 h[ to make1 #aic ,glaze-m$iums1 #bbh ,gloves1 h[ clean$1 #bch ,glue1 #d2 & lime cem5t1 #da2 = co>se "w1 #bce2 wat]pro(1 #ahf ,glyc]9e1 9 cem5ts1 #f2 ) glue1 #fh ,gomme laque1 or %ellac1 #bdi ,,g\pil1 ,f41 ,manual ( ,m5d+1 #cb1 #fd1 #bah1 #bbb1 #bbe ,grease-spots1 to remove1 #ib ,,gre51 ,dr4 ,,samuel ,a41 on book-worms1 #aae ,gr9d+ (f fractures 9 glass1 #dh ,gr\nd = wax-pa9t+1 #bbh1 #bbi ,gr\nds ( pictures1 #bba ,gu>ds = m5d+ brok5 fictile w>es1 #ca1 #cb ,gum = g5]al use1 #bdc ,gum-ma/ic1 #af1 #bb ,gum 7or />*71 #b1 #c ,gutta-p]*a & oil cem5t = m5d+ soles1 #aib ,gutta-p]*a cem5t = lea!r1 #ahi ,gypsum1 #f ,h>d cem5t = all wood1 #hj ,h>ness1 saddle1 & bridle repair+1 #aic ,hats1 blankets1 c41 to m5d by felt+1 #aii-bja ,heat+ wood be=e glue+1 #fj ,,heigel91 ,pr(essor1 exhibition ( fl[]s made f %av+s1 #fh ,hide1 raw1 #ahi ,,hildebr&1 ,,wolfgang1 on liquid glass1 #g1 #ce1 #adh ,,h(]1 ,,johannes1 #adb ,,h(]1 ,,raimund1 on indi>ubb]1 #aei1 #afh ,hold+ toge!r brok5 *9a :ile m5d+1 c41 #ag ,holes 9 lea!r repair$ ) l951 #afa ,horn1 to m\ld or s(t51 #adh1 #bea ,,hubb>d1 ,,ern/1 8,! r5d]+ ,valuable ( ,refuse ,wood10 by1 #fi ,,hyatt',s pat5t ivory1 #aec ,hydraulic lime1 #h ,ignorance1 g5]al1 z to clean+ pictures1 #bab ,imitation indi>ubb] clo?1 #afg ,imp]fect "w1 #ajg1 #ajh ,indi>ubb]1 appli$ to soles ( %oes1 #afa2 or vulcanis$ cem5t1 #afb ,indiff]5t sub/ances1 #f ,ink-/a9s1 to remove1 #ij-id1 #if ,ins]t+ pieces 9 *9a1 c41 #ai1 #bj ,iron cem5ts to resi/ heat1 #agg1 #agh ,iron doors ( furnaces1 h[ to seal h]metically1 #agi ,iron 9 cem5ts1 #f ,iron /rips & b&s 9 repair+1 #aga ,iron1 to set 9 /one1 #agh ,iron w>e1 or block cem5t1 #ahj ,ironwork1 sett+ a cem5t =1 #agf ,italian peasants' %oes 7illu/ration71 #aib ,ivory1 repair+ & imitat+1 #adc-aee2 clean+1 #adc1 #add2 imitations1 #add2 /a9+1 #adg1 #adh2 s(t5+1 #adh ,jewell]s' cem5t1 #dc4 7,vide ,turki%7 ,jewell]s' or ,diamond cem5t1 #agd ,jewesses1 repair ( embroid]y by1 #bjb ,joco-,s]iorum ,natur et ,artis1 #afgj1 /ory f1 ref]r+ to brok5 pott]y1 #bj1 #ba1 #ce4 ,jo91 to1 glass & metal1 #dc ,jo9ts 9 timb]s1 holes & cracks1 h[ to close1 #hj ,,junemann1 ,f41 ,die ,fabrikation des ,alauns1 #f ,kaleidoscope1 fold+1 h[ to make a1 #cg1 #ch ,kauri1 ! gum1 #aef1 #aeg ,kelp1 #aed ,kett5/i*1 = ,g]man *a9-/it*1 #bjd ,,kir*]1 ,,a?anasius1 #ib1 #ie ,knott+1 pat5t1 #gb-gd ,,koppe1 ,j4 ,w41 on glyc]9e1 #f ,,krall1 ,,b>k5t9 1 brass-clean]1 #bce ,,kratz]1 ,,h>rmann1 on liquid glass1 #h ,lacqu]s1 #cd ,,lay>d1 ,sir ,,au/91 #dg ,lead p5cil or crayon draw+s1 to protect1 #bcc ,lea!r1 artificial1 #aif1 #aih ,lea!r1 durability (1 #ahh1 #ahi ,lea!r-glue1 #aig ,lea!r-,"w1 ,manual (1 #aaa ,lea!r-"w1 repair+1 #ahc-aih ,,lehn]1 #b1 #e1 #g1 #i1 #bf1 #bh1 #bi1 #ca1 #cd1 #dj1 #dd1 #gg1 #gi1 #hj1 #ace1 #acf1 #ada1 #add1 #aeb1 #aeg1 #aic1 #aig1 #bjg1 #bjh ,,lel&1 ,,*>les ,g41 quotation f1 #ej ,lemon-juice to :it5 ! h&s1 #bcf ,lime1 #e1 #bd1 #acd ,lime cem5t = glass1 #dc ,liquid acid glue1 #ei1 #fj2 recipe =1 #ha ,,li/]1 ,,miss ,,roma1 #bjc2 ,,ms4 ( ,recipes1 #fe ,li?>ge cem5ts = _m uses1 #age ,,lu!r1 ,,m>t91 #adi ,lut+ cem5t1 #bce ,lut+ or clos+ *emical app>atus1 c41 cem5ts =1 #cj ,magnesia1 calc9$1 to extract /a9s1 #bch ,majolica1 #ac1 #ae1 #af ,malleable glass1 #ch ,manuel ,gnral du ,modelage1 #fd ,m>ble1 fractures1 c41 91 #adj2 h[ to clean1 #bch2 to m5d1 #bdi ,m>9e glue1 h>d glue1 recipe & description1 #afb1 #afc ,m>k+-ink1 #bcg ,m>quetry1 or inlaid wood1 repair+1 #ga1 #gb1 #hc-he ,ma/ic1 #ai1 #ace1 #acf2 ,fr5* ma/ic1 #acf ,mat]ials us$ 9 m5d+1 #a-aa ,me]s*aum pipes1 to m5d or make1 #bdj ,m5d+ clo? ) indi>ubb]1 #afe-afh ,m5d+ furniture1 #gd-gf ,m5d+ or repair+ def9$1 #a1 #b ,,m]rick',s acid-pro( cem5t1 #bdf ,,m]ritt1 ,,h5ry1 #baa1 #bba ,metal1 to atta* lea!r to1 #aic ,metal-"w1 m5d+1 #afi-ahb ,metallic corn]s = books 7illu/rations71 #ajd-ajf ,mica1 leaves (1 h[ to prep>e !m = w9d[s1 #dg ,,mi]z9ski1 ,dr4 ,,/anislaus1 on ! manufacture ( pap]1 #acb ,m9or +r$i5ts 9 cem5ts1 #aj ,mirror ) ornam5ts 7illu/ration71 #he ,,mog=d1 ,,h5ry1 #bac1 #bah1 #bai-bbb ,mosaics1 #acd ,"m-(-pe>l & coral1 m5d+1 #bjf-bji2 h[ imitat$1 #bjg2 f rice1 #bjh ,m\ld or mildew 9 pictures1 #bbf ,m\?-glue1 or solid cem5t1 #bci1 #bdj ,musical glasses ( diff]5t k9ds1 #ci ,musical in/rum5ts repair$ ) %av+s1 #ed1 #ee ,neutral sub/ances 9 cem5ts1 #f ,oil1 z a basis1 #b2 comb9ation1 #c2 s(t5+ pa9t1 #bai ,old recipes = m5d+ crock]y1 #bc et seq4 ,,olympiodorus1 #ii 8,"o ,hundr$ ,arts10 a book by ! ,au?or1 #ch ,ornam5t+ panes = w9d[s1 & d\bl+ !m1 #dd #de2 beautiful & v>i$ effects1 #df ,ornam5tal "w made ( %av+s1 #ef1 #eg ,ox-gall 9 clean+ pictures1 #bah ,oxidis$ cem5t1 #agf ,,page1 ! ,am]ican pa9t]1 #baj ,pages 9 books1 to repair :5 torn1 #ij1 #ia1 #id ,,paget',s ,fr5* ma/ic1 #acf ,pamphlets1 b9d+1 #ajj ,panel pictures1 repair+1 ) %av+s1 #eg2 f\rte5? c5tury1 9 di/emp]1 c41 #bbg ,panel1 w>p$1 h[ to /raight5 a1 #bbh ,panels ( artificial wood1 #ha2 cem5ts =1 #hb ,pap] & wood-%av+s1 #eb ,pap]1 its composition1 #hf1 #hg2 repair+ damag$ pap]1 #hf1 #hg ,pap]-lea!r1 #abi1 #acj ,papi]-m*1 or s(t5$ pap]1 #ajf1 #aba-acc2 articles made f1 #aba2 m\ld+1 #aba1 #abb ,,p>acelsus1 #ce ,p>*m5t pap]1 h[ to prep>e1 #ie1 #if ,p>*m5t1 repair+1 #abb2 artificial1 f pap]1 #abb ,,p>l&1 ,mr41 #abh ,pa/e ( />* or fl\r1 #aj ,pa/e1 lea!r1 ! same mix$ ) indi>ubb]1 #ahe2 use & prep>ation1 c41 #ahf ,pa/e1 bookb9d]s'1 #if2 %oemak]s'1 #aig ,pat*es1 ins]t+1 #bja ,patt]ns cut f wood-%av+s 7engrav+71 #ea-ec ,pavem5ts1 to repair diff]5t k9ds1 #bh ,peat1 #gh ,,philatius1 ! inv5tor ( book-b9d+ & glue1 #ii ,pictures1 re/or+1 #baj-bcj2 glaz$ & scal+1 h[ to treat1 #bbf ,pla/] ( ,p>is1 alum1 & glass cem5t1 #ada ,plugg+ tee? ) indi>ubb]1 #aff ,polyte*nic cem5t & imp]ial liquid glue1 also ,,keye',s cem5t1 #ci ,porcela91 #ah ,potatoes z cem5t1 c41 #i ,pots1 cracks 9 iron1 #ahj ,prep>e1 to1 wood = pa9t1 #hc ,process ( re/or+ worn & injur$ b9d+ ( a book1 & ( a bas-relief 9 lea!r1 #ahc-ahe ,prop] pa/e1 !1 = wallpap]1 wat]pro(1 #afd1 #afe ,pulp1 pap]1 #acj-acc ,putty1 #cc1 #cd1 #fi ,,rauf]1 ,g4 ,m41 on me]s*aum & amb]1 #aeh ,raw hide1 #bcc ,recipe1 old1 = repair+ glass1 #cf1 #cg2 def9ition (1 #bca2 g5]al1 #bca-bec ,r$ cem5t = iron1 #bcg ,reliefs cut 9 brick1 #bi ,repa9t+ old pictures1 #bbf1 #bbg ,repair+ wood ) pap]-pulp1 #acb ,res9 or pit*1 #b1 #c ,re/or+ fragm5ts ( engrav+s1 c41 #aae ,rice & lime cem5t1 #ade ,,rimmel1 booksell] 9 ,ox=d ,/reet1 #dj ,r++ or s\nd+ glasses by bl[+ on !m1 #ci ,,ris-,,pacquot1 ,m41 #ah1 #bi1 #adg ,rivet+ %eet-metal1 #afi1 #agj ,roll]1 use ( !1 #ed ,roman & ,hung>ian pott]y1 c41 #ab ,roman cem5t1 #bd2 = f9e mosaics1 #ach ,rosewood /a91 #gd ,rubb+ 9 col\r1 #ad ,,rupre*t1 ,,k>l1 on egg sub/ances & album51 #e ,,rusk91 #bba ,ru/1 h[ remov$1 #bcd ,ru/ or oxide cem5t1 #agg ,,salle',s cem5t = glass1 #dd ,sat9 gloss = pap]1 #bdh1 #bdi ,sawdu/ 7vide also ,wood-pa/e or artificial wood71 #hj ,,s*eibl]',s cem5t1 #bdd ,,s*loss]1 ,,edmund1 on sold]+ & metal-"w1 #ahb ,,s*w>tz',s iron cem5t1 #ahj ,scissors1 cutt+ glass )1 #dh ,scrap+ v>ni%1 #bbc ,screws1 to be dipp$ 9 oil or boil+ wax1 #fg ,seams1 to repair1 #aif ,,s$na1 ,,ludwig1 on wax1 c41 #g ,sew+ or /it*+ books1 #aji ,%oes1 easily made1 #aid1 #aie2 indi>ubb]1 to repair1 #afj ,side-b9d+1 #aaj ,silicate ( soda1 or liquid glass1 #g1 #bj2 ) col\r1 #bi1 #cc1 #ce ,silico-enamel1 #bcg1 #bch ,silk or wool5 clo?1 to clean1 #bcb1 #bcc ,silks1 black1 gumm$1 #bje ,silkworm gum1 #bej ,silv] b&s1 #bj ,snail cem5t1 #bdi ,soaps 9 clean+ pictures1 #bbd ,sold]1 ,,newton',s & ,,rose',s1 a metallic glass1 #aha ,sold]+1 #aga1 #agb1 #ahj1 #aha ,soles1 wood51 = %oes1 #aia ,,sorel',s cem5t1 #bdd ,s\? ,sea ,bubble1 #eh ,spirits ( w9e to remove dry v>ni%1 #bai ,splic+ brok5 rods1 sp>s1 c4 7) illu/ration71 #fa ,spray+1 to re/ore crumbl+ sub/ances by1 #adf1 #adg ,/a9+ or col\r+ wood1 #fi1 #gj ,/a9s1 grease1 w9e1 oil1 to remove1 #bcb ,/ation]'s pa/e1 #bdg ,/atues1 m5d+1 ( pla/] ( ,p>is1 #ada ,/eam1 to clean pictures by1 #bbc ,,/ev5s' & ,,m&]s' wood-/a9s1 #gj ,/ills1 to lute1 #bde ,,/ohmann1 classification ( cem5ts1 ) ,,lehn]',s ext5sion ( x1 #b1 #c ,/onework1 m5d+1 #acd-adb ,/opp]1 glass1 fil$ to %ape1 #dh ,/oves1 cem5t =1 #agi1 #ahb ,/rips or braces on panels1 c41 #fa1 #fb ,/rong adhesives = pap]1 c41 #aac1 #aad ,/rong cem5t1 = glass1 wood1 or /one1 #db2 = porcela91 glass1 c41 #bf1 #acf ,/rop1 lea!r1 h[ to m5d a1 #ahf1 #ahg ,/urgeon's bladd] or fi%-glue gum1 c41 #e1 #cb1 #db ,syndetikon1 #bdc ,tape/ry glue1 #bde ,t>r$ or t>paul9 pap]-bags1 #afc ,taus5dkn/l] ( #aghb1 #bc ,tea-leaves1 #bdc ,t]ra-cotta1 #ab1 #ac1 #ae ,to pres]ve ! cont5ts ( bottles :5 brok51 #afg ,to protect wood "u wat]1 #gi ,tortoise-%ell or horn1 cem5t =1 #bej ,toys1 m5d+1 #abb1 #abc ,tragacan?1 gum1 #h ,transf]r+ pictures1 #bbe ,travell]s' glue1 #bdg ,trees3 b>k1 splits or cavities 91 #hb2 to protect1 #bdh ,triangles ( t91 c41 us$ to fa/5 panes ( glass1 #ce ,tribune1 ! ,new ,york1 #fj ,trunks1 m5d+1 #aij ,tufa cem5t1 #bce ,turki% or diamond cem5t1 #ai1 #da1 #db ,turp5t9e1 a c\nt]act+ m$ium ( solv5t _s1 #bbj ,,ul5hu?1 ,,edu>d1 on m\ld+1 #aca ,,v&yke1 picture by1 #bbb ,,van ,,helmont on liquid glass1 #g ,v>ni%1 #c1 #cd2 to remove1 #baf-bbj ,v5e]s1 #ea1 #ec ,v5etian m>quetry1 #ga ,v5etian glass1 #cf ,v5us m]c]n>ia1 or ,am]ican clam1 #bjh ,v]m9 9 wood5 dwell+s1 #bdf ,,v9ci1 ,,leon>do ,,da1 #aea ,v9eg>1 commonly made f sulphuric acid1 #fj ,vitre\s pa9t1 #dj ,,wagn]1 ,r41 on liquid glass1 #g1 #h1 #ce ,,wallb]g]1 ,,johann1 ,zaub]bu*1 #if1 #bcd-bcf ,wall-pap] ( wood1 us$ 9 ,am]ica1 #fi ,wall-pap] pa/e1 #bde ,wall-pap] ) common pa/e poison\s1 #afe ,walls r5d]$ air-tight 7recipe71 #afd ,w>p$ or curv$ wood1 & h[ to flatt5 x1 #fa1 #fb ,wa%+ brok5 *9a = repair+1 #ca ,wat] 9 clean+ pictures1 #baf-bah ,wat]pro( c>pets & wall-cov]+ made f wa/e-pap]1 #aia ,wat]pro( cem5t1 #aid ,wax 9 cem5ts1 #g ,:ite ( egg glaze1 #bbc ,:itewa%1 to make equal to pa9t1 #gi ,,wiegleb1 ,j4 ,c41 quotation f1 #a1 #adg ,w9d[s1 /a9$ glass1 works on ! subject by ,a4 ,w4 ,,franks1 ,,ow5 ,,jones1 ,,we/lake1 c41 #dj ,w9e-/a9s1 to remove1 #bca1 #bcb ,wire1 = m5d+ *9a1 #ai2 9 repair+1 #agj1 #aga ,wire-m5d+1 #fb ,wood-a%es 9 picture-clean+1 #bbd ,wood-,c>v+1 a ,manual (1 by ,,*>les ,,godfrey ,,lel&1 #gj ,wood-pa/e1 or artificial wood1 #fc et seq42 h\ses c be made ( x1 #fd ,wood-%av+s 9 m5d+ & mak+1 #ej-eg ,woodwork1 repair+1 #eh-he ,wooll5 clo?1 to clean1 #bca ,"w1 a sci5tific j\rnal1 #abi ,worms 9 wood1 to ext]m9ate1 #gb ,wr9kles & freckles1 #bcf ,zeiodele?1 #bdf1 #bdg ,z9c1 a cem5t =1 #agd1 #age ,,zwick1 ,dr4 ,h41 on lime & mort>1 #e2 9 ,hydraulis*] ,kalk und 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